ש

שָׁאַל (b. h.) to ask, beg; to inquire, question. Yoma 75ᵃ bot. בשר ששָׁאֲלוּ שלא וכ׳ flesh for which they asked unreasonably was given them at an unreasonable time (in the evening) &c. Taan. 4ᵃ, v. הוֹגָן. Ber. V, 2 (33ᵃ) הגשמים וכ׳ (את) ושׁוֹאֲלִין (Bab. ed. ושְׁאֵלָה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) and the prayer for rain is inserted in the Benediction of Years (the ninth section of the Prayer of Benedictions, v. שָׁנָה). Taan. I, 1 אף אני לא אמרתי לִשְׁאוֹל אלא להזכיר I also did not say, ‘to ask’ for rain, but to mention rain. Ib. 2. Y. Ber. V, 9ᵇ bot. שׁוֹאֵל צרכיו, v. צוֹרֶךְ. B. Bath. IX, 1 יִשְׁאֲלוּ וכ׳, v. פֶּתַח. Ab. IV, 18 ואל תִּשְׁאַל לו בשעת נדרו ask not thy neighbor (as to circumstances which may change the aspects of his vow) at the moment of his vow, v. infra Nif. Ib. V, 7 שואל כענין ומשיב וכ׳ he (the wise student) asks pertinent questions, and (when asked) replies in agreement with the adopted law. Bekh. 36ᵃ עמד השואל וש׳ יכ׳ the questioner (at college) arose and asked &c. Ned. 20ᵃ שָׁאֲלוּ את וכ׳ they asked Imma Shalom &c. Nidd. 68ᵇ בראשון לא שָׁאַלְתִּי … שלא שאלתי as to the first day I did not ask, and I made a mistake in not asking. Gen. R. s. 68 מטרונה שָׁאֲלָה וכ׳ a Roman matron asked R. José &c.; a. v. fr.—Yoma 73ᵃ כיצד שׁוֹאֲלִין השואל פניו כלפי נִשְׁאָל הנשאל וכ׳ how were the Urim and Tummim consulted? The inquirer had his face directed to him (the priest) who was consulted, and the latter directed himself to the Divine Presence (the Urim and Tummim). Ib. אין שואלין שני וכ׳ you must not ask two questions at a time; a. fr.—ש׳ בשלום (or sub. בשלום) to salute. M. Kat. 21ᵇ הוא שואל בשלום אחרים … אחרים אין שואלין בשלומו וכ׳ he (the mourner during the first thirty days) may inquire after the peace of others, for they dwell in peace, but others must not inquire after his peace, for he does not dwell in peace. Ib. משיב ואינו שואל, v. שׁוּב; a. fr. (cmp. דָּרַשׁ) to discuss, lecture. Tosef. Meg. IV (III), 5 שואלין הילכות וכ׳ the laws of Passover are expounded on Passover &c., v. עִנְיָן; Meg. 29ᵇ שואלין בהלכות וכ׳; Y. Pes. I, 27ᵇ bot.; Bab. Pes. 6ᵃ שואלין בהלכות וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שואלין ודורשין, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); Snh. 12ᵇ; a. fr. (cmp. בְּעֵי I) to beg to remark, to submit. Y. Shek. I, beg. 45ᵈ ר׳ חזקיה ש׳ מעתה וכ׳ R. Ḥ. remarked, according to this &c. Ib. 46ᵇ. Y. Snh. IX, 27ᵃ bot.; a. fr. to ask for a loan, to borrow. Sabb. XXIII, 1 שואל אדם מחבירו וכ׳ a man may borrow of his neighbor vessels of wine or oil (on the Sabbath), but must not say הַלְוֵינִי (v. infra Hif.); a. fr.—Esp. to borrow an object for use (with ref. to Ex. XXII, 13 sq.). B. Mets. 103ᵃ שואל אדם בטובו לעולם if a person borrows an object (saying, ‘lend it to me) for its usefulness’, it is a standing loan (he is permitted to take it whenever he desires to use it). Ib. VIII, 1 השואל את הפרה וש׳ בעליה עמה if a person borrows a cow for work, borrowing her owner with her (the owner lending his personal service). Ib. 95ᵇ שָׁאֲלָהּ ואחר כך ש׳ וכ׳ if he borrowed the cow only, and after a while borrowed her owner; a. fr.—שׁוֹאֵל the borrower of an object. Ib. 95ᵃ חיובא דש׳ the responsibility of the borrower. Ib. 96ᵇ top ש׳ הוי או שוכר הוי is he legally considered a borrower or a hirer? Ib. III, 2 והש׳ ישלם וכ׳ and the borrower must indemnify the hirer; a. fr.—Sabb. 96ᵇ אורגי … לשׁוֹאֲלֵיהֶן (Ar. לשווליהן, v. שְׁוַולְיָא) the curtain weavers were wont to throw the clue over to such as would borrow it from them.—Part. pass. שָׁאוּל; f. שְׁאוּלָה &c. Taan. 23ᵇ טלית ש׳ היתה וכ׳ it was a cloak that had been lent to me, I had borrowed it for such a purpose (for ordinary wear), but not for that purpose (to wear it when carrying a load). Ib. IV, 8 שבחן … בכלי לבן שְׁאוּלִין וכ׳ on those days the maidens of Zion went out (to the vineyards) in white garments borrowed for the purpose, in order not to put to shame those who had none; a. fr.— [Gen. R. s. 65 לא שאול … ולא שאולה, v. next w.—Gen. R. s. 19 שאולת חומץ, read: שׁוֹאֶלֶת, a woman asking for some vinegar.] Hif. הִשְׁאִיל to cause inquiry, to inquire. Ber. 6ᵇ כל הרגיל … הקב"ה מַשְׁאִיל בו if one who comes regularly to synagogue fails to come one day, the Lord holds inquiry about him. Yeb. 76ᵇ עד שאתה משאיל עליו … שְׁאַל וכ׳ instead of inquiring about him whether or not he is fit for government, ask whether &c. Ib. (in Chald. dict.) אאבוה קא משאיל he (Saul) asked (Abner) to inquire who his (David’s) father was. B. Bath. 123ᵃ היתה יושבת … ומַשְׁאֶלֶת וכ׳ she sat at the cross-roads and made inquiries; a. e. to lend. Sabb. 148ᵃ (ref. to Mish. ib. XIII, 1, v. supra) מאי שנא הַשְׁאִילֵינִי ומאי שנא הלויני what is the difference, whether you say hashileni (lend me) or halveni (loan me)? השאיליני לא אתי למיכתב וכ׳ when you say ‘lend me’, no document is expected to be written for it &c. Ned. IV, 6 חמודר … לא יַשְׁאִילֶנּוּ ולא יִשְׁאַל ממנו he who by his neighbor’s vow is forbidden any benefit at his hand, must neither lend him nor borrow from him &c. B. Mets. 116ᵃ דברים העשויין להַשְׁאִיל וכ׳ things which are frequently lent out or hired out; a. fr.—מַשְׁאִיל the lender, owner of the lent object. Ib. 96ᵃ; a. fr.—[Pesik. Vayhi, p. 63ᵃ שאילו השאיל, v. שָׁחַל II.] Nif. נִשְׁאַל to be asked, consulted. Yoma 73ᵃ בגדים … נ׳ בהן when the war chaplain is consulted, he wears the garments which the high priest wears when he officiates, v. supra. Ib. 85ᵃ נִשְׁאֲלָח שאלה וכ׳ the following question was asked in their presence; Kidd. 40ᵇ. Ned. 81ᵃ דבר זה נ׳ לחכמים וכ׳ this problem was placed before the scholars and the prophets, and they could not solve it &c.; a. fr. נ׳ על to allow one’s self to be asked about the circumstances of a case, to appear before a scholar for a decision on a ritual case. Y. Ter. VIII, 46ᵃ bot. שדעתו להִישָּׁאֵל עליה a case (of T’rumah) which he had intended to have a scholar decide. Ib. הריני מניחה על מנת שאֶישָּׁאֵל עליה I put it (the doubtful T’rumah) aside with the intention of having it decided &c. Toh. III, 6 שאין בו דעת להִשָּׁאֵל (a child) whose mind is not sufficiently developed to be questioned. Ib. V, 5 אם נִשְׁאֲלוּ זה וכ׳ if they come for a decision, each of them separately; a. fr.—Esp. (על נדרו) נ׳ to come before a scholar for absolution from a vow. Ned. 90ᵃ קונם … ולמי שאֶשָּׁאֵל עליו if one vows, I will not be benefited by N. N., nor by any scholar to whom I may apply for absolution from this vow; נ׳ על הראשון וכ׳ he must first apply for absolution from the first part of the vow, and then from the second. Ib. נ׳ על נדרו … נזרו he must first apply for absolution from his vow of abstinence, and then from his nazaritic vow. Ib. 69ᵃ נִשְׁאָלִין על ההקם וכ׳ you may apply for absolution in order to revoke your confirmation (of your daughter’s vow), but you cannot do so in order to revoke your invalidation; a. fr. to be borrowed, to do gratuitous service. B. Mets. 96ᵃ שותפין ששאלו ונ׳ לאחד מהן if partners borrow an animal for work, and its owner lends his services to one of them individually. Ib. האומר לשלוחו צא והִשָּׁאֵל לי וכ׳ (not והשאיל) if a person says to his deputy, go out and do work in my behalf together with my cow (lent to my neighbor). Ib. האומר לעבדו צא והשאל עם וכ׳ if he says to his slave, go out and do work &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁאַל to ask, inquire, beg. Targ. II Kings III, 11. Targ. I Kings XIX, 4. Targ. Job XXXI, 30 למִשְׁאַל Ms. (ed. למִשְׁיַיל, למִשְׁיַל). Targ. Y. Deut. I, 1 שַׁיְילְתוּן (ed. Vien. שַׁיְילַתַּוּן, read: שַׁיַּילְתּוּן, Pa). Targ. Ps. CXXXVII, 3; a. fr.—ש׳ לשלם, ש׳ בשלם, v. שְׁלָם.—Sabb. 20ᵇ; 21ᵃ שְׁאִילְתִּינְהוּ לכל וכ׳, v. נָחוֹתָא. Ib. 30ᵃ שׁאוּל שאילה זו וכ׳ they asked the following question &c., v. עֵיל. Taan. 21ᵃ אי איכא דשָׁאֵיל לי וכ׳ if any one were to ask me a question from the Mishnah of &c. Y. Shebi. VII, 37ᶜ top הא גברא מִישְׁאֲלִינֵיה אתא שַׁאֲלוּנֵיה וכ׳ (not מישאלינית) here is a man whom you night ask; he came, and they asked; a. fr.—Part. pass. שְׁאִיל. Sabb. 30ᵇ ולענין שאילה דשְׁאִילְנָא קדמיכון and as to the question which I have been asked in your presence; [Rashi: דשָׁאֵילְנָא which I asked, a courteous phrase for ‘which you asked of me’]; a. e. to borrow. Targ. Ex. XXII, 13; a. fr.—[Targ. O. ib. XII, 36, v. infra Af.]—B. Mets. 97ᵃ ההוא גברא דש׳ וכ׳ a man borrowed a cat from his neighbor &c. Ib. האי … למִישְׁאַל מידי וכ׳ if one wishes to borrow an object from his neighbor and be free from responsibility for an accident &c. Ib. נימא ליה שְׁאֵיל וכ׳ let him (the lender) say to him, first take what you want to borrow, and then &c. Yeb. 120ᵇ לא שָׁיְילֵי (not שיולי); B. Mets. 27ᵇ לא שְׁאִילֵי, v. סְקַב; a. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Ib. 97ᵃ שאיל לן מר you (as teacher) are loaned to us, i.e. you are in our service, and if we borrow an object from you, we are not responsible, it being שאילה בבעלים, v. שְׁאִילָה. Ib. אתון שְׁאִילְתּוּן לי you are in my service. Ib. איהו ש׳ להו … אינהו שְׁאִילוּ ליה וכ׳ he (the teacher) is in their (the scholar’s) service on the Kallah day (v. כַּלָּה); they are in his on any other day; a. e.—Gen. R. s. 65 לא שאיל הוא לה ולא שְׁאִילָה היא ליה (some ed. שאול … שאולה) he is not loaned to her, nor she to him, i.e. the simile does not fit the application, nor the application the simile. Pa. שַׁיֵּיל same, same, to ask, borrow &c. Targ. Y. Ex. XII, 35; a. e.—Bets. 19ᵃ אתא … לשַׁיּוּלֵי וכ׳ he came before the Rabbis to ask &c. Ḥull. 3ᵇ דליתיה קמן דלִישַׁיְּילֵיה when he is not before us so that we could ask him. Tam. 32ᵃ מְשַׁיַּילְנָא לכו I am asking you; a. fr. to lend. Targ. Y. Ex. XII, 36.—Taan. 21ᵇ, v. זְבִילָא. Ib. דמחממת … ומְשַׁיְּילָא וכ׳ who heated her oven and let her neighbors use it; a. fr. Af. אַשְׁאֵיל, אוֹשֵׁל to lend. Targ. O. Ex. XII, 36 ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. שאילינון, corr. acc.); a. e.—Yeb. l. c. ולא מוֹשְׁלֵי, v. נְחַשׁ I. B. Mets. 116ᵃ דעביד לאוֹשׁוּלֵי וכ׳ which it is customary to lend and hire out; a. e. Ithpa. אִשְׁתָּאַל, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּאֵיל, אִתְּשִׁיל (with (with מ־) to take leave of absence. Targ. I Sam. XX, 6. (with ב־) to allow one’s self to be inquired of; to answer, issue an oracle. Targ. Ez. XIV, 3. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXIV, 1. Targ. Is. LXV, 1. (with ל־) to bring a case up for decision, to ask. Y. Maasr. II, beg. 49ᶜ אִשְׁתָּאֲלִית לאילין וכ׳ I asked those of the house of &c. Y. Sabb. XII, 13ᶜ bot., אִשְׁתַּאֲלַת לר׳ שמעון וכ׳ R. S. b. L. was asked. Ib. VI, 8ᵃ ואִיתְשְׁלַת לר׳ ומר וכ׳ when the case was brought before Rabbi, he said &c.; a. fr.—Esp. to come before a scholar for absolution from a vow. Ned. 90ᵃ אי בעי על נדרו איתשיל ברישא וכ׳ if he so desires, he may ask first for absolution from his vow of abstinence, or if he chooses, he may ask first for absolution from his nazaritic vow; ib. נִיתְּשִׁיל; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁאֵלָא , v. שְׁאֵלְתָּא ↗ expanded

שְׁאֵלָה request, esp. sh’elah, prayer for rain, inserted in the ninth section of the Prayer of Benedictions. Ber. V, 2 (33ᵃ), v. שָׁאַל. Ber. 26ᵇ; 29ᵃ טעה … ש׳ בברכת השנים (v. Ms. M. in Rabb. D. S. a. l.) if by mistake … he omitted the prayer for rain in the ninth section; (Tosef. ib. III, 9 ולא שאל את הגשמים). Taan. 4ᵇ ש׳ לחוד והזכרה לחוד prayer for rain is one thing, and reference to rain (in the second section) is another thing, v. הַזְכָּרָה. Ib. 2ᵇ משעה שמפסיק לש׳ וכ׳ when you cease to insert the prayer for rain, you must also cease to insert the reference to rain; a. fr. question, problem. B. Kam. 116ᵃ זו ש׳ היא Ms. H. (ed. וזו שאילה) this is indeed a question (worth asking); Zeb. 30ᵇ; 92ᵇ. Sabb. 31ᵃ ש׳ גדולה שאלת thou hast asked a great question; a. fr. (v. שָׁאַל, Nif.) ritual question, esp. case of absolution from a vow brought before a scholar. Num. R. s. 11³ אם באת … על הדין ועל הש׳ וכ׳ when a woman comes to thee at college to ask concerning a law or a vow, consider her as if she were thy own daughter. Ned. 60ᵃ צריך ש׳ לחכם this requires absolution by a scholar. Ib. 69ᵃ יש ש׳ בהקם can absolution from confirmation be applied for? Ib. 78ᵃ; B. Bath. 120ᵇ יש ש׳ בהקדש absolution from consecration of an object may eventually be had; אין ש׳ וכ׳ is not admissible; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁאֵלוֹת, שְׁאֵי׳. Gen. R. s. 82; Yalk. ib. 136 שלש ש׳ אני וכ׳ I shall ask you three questions; if you answer them, it is right &c. Gen. R. s. 49, v. עִרְבּוּב; a. e. שְׁאֵלָה or שַׁאֲלָה, loan, v. שְׁאֵילָה. ↗ expanded

שְׁאֵלְתָּא ch. same, request, prayer, desire. Targ. Jud. VIII, 24. Targ. I Kings II, 16 (ed. Wil. שְׁאָלָא; ed. Lag. שאלה). Targ. Num. XI, 4 (h. text תאוה). Targ. Esth. V, 6; a. fr. question, problem. Targ. Jer. XII, 1 שְׁאֵילַת דינין (h. text משפטים).—Sabb. 30ᵃ שאילתא Ms. M. (ed. שאילה); ib.ᵇ ולענין שאילה, v. שְׁאֵל. proposition, remark, esp. as heading of decisions in Sh’eltoth d’R. Aḥai, and in citations therefrom. Tanḥ. B’resh. 2. Tanḥ. Noah 4; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁאֵלָתָא, שְׁאֵלָן, שְׁאֵי׳. Targ. Y. Deut. VIII, 9.—Y. Naz. VIII, 56ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁאֲמֵם , v. שַׁעֲמֵם ↗ expanded

שאן , Targ. I Sam. XIX, 24 Ar., v. בִּרְשָׁן ↗ expanded

שְׁאָן (b. h.) pr. n. pl. Bethshean (Scythopolis), in Galilee. Ḥull. 6ᵇ והתיר רבי את ב׳ ש׳ כולה Rabbi permitted the entire territory of Bethshean (permitted its fruits to be eaten without tithes, it being considered foreign territory). Y. Kidd. II, 62ᶜ bot. כלי פשתן … מב׳ ש׳ the finer linen garments that come from B.; Y. Keth. VII, 31ᶜ בית שָׁן; Koh. R. to I, 18. Gen. R. s. 98 תהום ב׳ ש׳ וכ׳ the district of B. is named Kinnereth; a. fr.—V. בֵּישַׁן. ↗ expanded

שָׁאנִי , v. שְׁנֵי ↗ expanded

שַׁאֲנָן שאן to rest) at ease, undisturbed. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXXVIII אז … בטח וש׳ וכ׳ then Jacob dwelt in Canaan safe and undisturbed; Yalk. Gen. 138 בטח ש׳ ושליו. rest, ease. Gen. R. s. 10 end ומה … ש׳ ונחת שלוה והשקט and what was created therein after he rested? Ease, rest, peace, and repose. Lam. R. introd. (R. Joḥ. 1) זכורה אני בטחון וש׳ ושלוה שהייתי וכ׳ I remember the confidence and ease and contentment in which I used to dwell; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׂאסָא , v. סָאסָא ↗ expanded

שָׁאַף 1 (b. h.) = שׁוּף II, to tread, press. Lev. R. s. 28, a. e. (ref. to שאף, Job V, 5), v. דָּחַק. Tanḥ. Mick. 2 (ref. to Dan. II, 2) אשפים לשון דחק שנ׳ השואפים וכ׳ the root in ashshafim signifies pressure, as we read (Am. VIII, 4), ‘hear ye this, hashshoăfim (who press) the needy. Midr. Till. to Ps. LI. כל מי … ושׁוֹאֵף ברגלו וכ׳ he who knows that he has sinned, but stamps with his foot and removes the sin from his sight &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁאָף , to rub, v. שׁוּף II ch. ↗ expanded

שָׁאַף 2 (b. h.) = שׁוּף I, to blow, pant, long for. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIX, 131 כמו (ש)התנינים שׁוֹאֲפִים לרוח כן הייתי שׁוֹאֵף לתורתך (not רוהך) as the monsters pant for wind, so do I pant (longing) for thy Law. ↗ expanded

שְׁאַף same. Targ. Job VII, 2.—2) (cmp. שאב) to resorb. Sabb. 129ᵃ ואתא זיקא ושָׁאֵיף ליה מיניה and a hot wind may rise and suck it (the small quantity of blood left) out of him. Snh. 64ᵃ דשאיף קליה Ms. M. Rashi (ed. דשייף), v. שְׁאֵב.—[Sabb. 139ᵇ שאפו שיכרא, v. שְׁפֵי II.] ↗ expanded

שָׁאפֵי , v. שְׁפֵי I ↗ expanded

שָׁאקָא , v. שָׁקָא ↗ expanded

שָׁאַר (b. h.) to swell, rise; to run over; (cmp. יָתַר, עָדַף) to remain over. Denom. מִשְׁאֶרֶת, שְׁאָר, שְׁאֵר &c. Nif. נִשְׁאָר to be left over, reserved, preserved, spared. Gen. R. s. 76 (ref. to Gen. XXXII, 9) אלו אחינו … אע"פ שנִשְׁאֲרוּ לפליטה וכ׳ this refers to our brethren in the diaspora …; although they have been spared for escape (from Roman persecution), yet they fasted for us (Palestinians) &c. Cant. R. to II, 13 הנִשְׁאָרִים the survivors of the Messianic days; a. e. Pi. שֵׁיאֵר ,) שִׁיֵּיר to leave over, reserve. B. Bath. IX, 6 שכיב … וש׳ וכ׳ if an ill person donated all his property to others and reserved some land for himself, his donation is valid (even if he recovers). Ib. 148ᵃ דקל לאחד וש׳ פירותיו לפניו ש׳ מקום פירי if he donated a palm-tree (for the wood of it) to a person, and reserved its fruit for himself, he meant to reserve for himself the place whereon the fruit grows (the branches). Ib. כל … בעין יפה מְשַׁיֵּיר whatever one reserves for one’s self, one reserves liberally; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. מְשׁוֹאָר, (מְשׁוּיָּיר). Y. Pes. VII, 35ᵃ top לא עשה בה המש׳ כיוצא the law does not treat that which is left over (of the sacrifice) like that which has been carried outside of its limits. Peah III, 3 נותּן מן המש׳ על מה ששייר he must give to the poor out of the remainder in proportion to that which he left over; נותן מן המש׳ על הכל he must give out of the remainder a quantity corresponding to the whole (including that which he has taken out before); a. fr. Hif. הִשְׁאִיר same. Midr. Till. to Ps. IX שלא להַשְׁאִיר זכר וכ׳ that he will not leave a remainder of the memory of Amalek; Yalk. ib. 642 להשאר (corr. acc.); a. e. Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּיֵּיר to be left over. Ḥull. III, 1 ניטל … ולא נ׳ וכ׳ if the liver of a slaughtered animal is found consumed without any part of it left. Yoma 77ᵃ לא נִשְׁתַּיְירוּ משונאיהן וכ׳ no remnant or survivor would have been left of the enemies of Israel (euphem. for ‘of Israel’); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁאַר 1 Af. אַשְׁאַר to leave over. Targ. O. Ex. X, 12 (Y. שייר). Ib. 26 נַשְׁאַר ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. תִּשְׁתָּאַר Ithpa.); a. fr. Pa. שָׁאֵר, שַׁיֵּיר, , שַׁיֵּר same. Targ. Y. Ex. XII, 10 (O. Af.). Ib. X, 12, v. supra; a. fr.—B. Kam. 15ᵃ תנא וש׳ מאי ש׳ דהאי ש׳ ש׳ וכ׳ the Mishnah states some cases, but leaves over (does not state all cases coming under the same category). But what else did it omit, so as to be justified in omitting this? It omitted a case when half the assessed fine is to be paid; Succ. 54ᵃ; a. fr. Pali. שַׁאֲרֵי, שְׁאָרֵי to leave over, spare. Targ. Ps. LXXIX, 11 Var. ed. Lag. (ed. Lag. a. oth. שרי; h. text הוֹתֵר). Ithpa. אִשְׁתָּאַר, אִשְׁתַּיֵּיר, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּאַר to be left over, remain. Targ. Gen. VII, 23. Targ. Ex. VIII, 5; a. fr.—B. Mets. 25ᵃ א׳ בה מידי some of it was left behind; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁאַר 2 Pa. שָׁאֵר (denom. of מֵשָׁאר, v. מֵישָׁרָא) to plant in beds. B. Kam. 81ᵃ שַׁאֲרֵיה מֵשָׁארֵי לאדם וכ׳ (Ms. M. שדיא משראי לשראי, read: משארי משארי; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) if he planted in beds, it shows that he planted it for human food; if not, it is intended for cattle. ↗ expanded

שְׁאֵר v. שָׁאַר) [preservation, existence,] sustenance, alimentation; (sub. בשר) body, flesh; bodily contact, intimacy. Mekh. Mishp. s. 3 (ref. to שארה, Ex. XXI, 10) שְׁאֵרָהּ אלו מזונותיה וכ׳ sh’erah means her alimentation &c. (ref. to Mic. III, 3, a. Ps. LXXVIII, 27); ib. (anoth. opin.) שארה כסותה כסות … לשְׁאֵרָהּ וכ׳ sh’erah k’suthah means, garments suited to her body (according to age and season) &c.; ib. (anoth. opin.) שארה זו דרך ארץ sh’erah means (intimacy) marital duty (ref. to Lev. XVIII, 6; 12; 13, cmp. Targ.); Keth. 47ᵇ לפום שארה תן כסותה וכ׳ according to her body (age) give her garments …, according to the season give her &c.; Y. ib. V, 30ᵇ top. Sabb. 137ᵇ חוק בשְׁאֵרוֹ, v. חוֹק; Y. Ber. IX, 14ᵃ bot. בשְׁאֵירוֹ.—Trnsf. [flesh and blood,] relationship, relatives; race. Ib. שְׁאֵירֵנוּ; Sabb. l. c. שְׁאֵרֵינוּ, v. יְדִידוּת. Lev. R. v. 34 (expl. עכר שארו, Prov. XI, 17) זה שמגעת … את קרוביו וכ׳ that is he to whom joy (a festive occasion) happens, and who lets not his nearest relatives join him because they are poor; Yalk. Prov. 947. Yeb. 90ᵇ (ref. to Lev. XXI, 2) שארו זו אשתו his flesh (sh’er), this means his wife (cmp. Gen. II, 24); Sifra Emor beg.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁאָר remainder, rest. Sot. VII, 7 ועל ש׳ התפלה (Y. ed. וש׳ תפילה) and a special benediction for the remaining (general) prayer; Bab. ed. 40ᵇ והש׳ תפלה and the remainder is a general prayer; ib. 41ᵃ; Y. ib. VII, end, 22ᵃ; Yoma 70ᵃ וש׳ התפלה רינה וכ׳ and the remaining prayer is song, supplication &c. B. Mets. III, 4 והש׳ יהא מונח וכ׳ and what is left must be deposited &c., v. אֵלִיָּהוּ. Peah IV, 3; a. fr.—V. שְׁיָ֫יר. ↗ expanded

שְׁאָר ² Targ. O. Gen. XLV, 7 (Y. שיורא; h. text שארית). Targ. Is. X, 19, sq. Targ. II Sam. III, 8 (h. text אשר?); a. fr.—Targ. II Chr. XXXVI, 20 (fem.).—Ruth R. to III, 3 והיא עבדא ש׳ (some ed. שְׁאָרָהּ); Yalk. ib. 604 שְׁיָרָהּ, v. נְפֵי.—[שאריא, Yalk. Jer. 321, v. שְׁמָרָא.] ↗ expanded

שְׁאָרוּתָא (preced.) = h. מוֹתָר, pre-eminence; superiority. Targ. Koh. III, 19. ↗ expanded

שְׁאֵרִית preced. wds.) remnant. Tanḥ. ed. Bub., Tol’doth 19 (ref. to Mic. V, 6) אלו ש׳ שאמר וכ׳ this refers to the remnant (of the faithful) concerning whom the Lord said to Elijah &c. (I Kings XIX, 18); Yalk. Jud. 62; Yalk. Mic. 553. ↗ expanded

שאשיתא , v. אֲשָׁשִׁיתָא a. עֲשָׁשִׁיתָא. ↗ expanded

שְׂאֵת swelling, sore. Sifra Thazr., Neg., ch. I. Neg. I, 1Neg. I, 1; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁאתֵי , v. שְׁתֵי ↗ expanded

שֵׁב , imper. of יָשַׁב. ↗ expanded

שַׁב v. = h. שֶׁבַע, seven. Targ. Y. Gen. XXIX, 18; 20; 27; a. e.—Snh. 29ᵃ. Pes. 116ᵃ שב בנתיך thy seven daughters. Ḥull. 42ᵇ; a. fr.—שֵׁבְסְרֵי, שֵׁבְסַר, שִׁ׳, שֶׁ׳ (= שב עסר) seventeen. Targ. Y. Gen. VII, 11. Ib. XXXVII, 2; a. e.—B. Bath. 10ᵃ שֵׁיבְסַר דינרי seventeen Denars. Taan. 28ᵇ בש׳ בתמוז on the seventeenth day of Tammuz; a. fr.—שְׁבִיסְרָאָה the seventeenth. Targ. I Chr. XXIV, 15. ↗ expanded

שַׁב ² (preced.) = h. שָׁבוּעַ. week. Targ. II Esth. III, 7; a. fr.—Sabb. 156ᵃ האי מאן דבחד בש׳ a person born on the first day of the week; בתרי בש׳ on Monday &c. Bets. 16ᵃ מחד שֵׁבָּיךְ לשבתך from thy first day of the week begin to set aside good things for thy Sabbath; a. fr. the seventh day, the Sabbath; day of rest. Targ. Y. Deut. V, 14 שב ונייח a day of rest and repose; Targ. Y. Ex. XX, 10 שבא ונ׳. Targ. Y. Lev. XXIII, 32 שבא ונייחא; Targ. O. ש׳ שבתא (h. text שבת שבתון); a. fr.—Y. Taan. I, 64ᵃ בשׁוּבָּה וכ׳, v. נְיָיח. Y. Sot. I, 16ᵈ bot. כל לילי ש׳ every Sabbath night. Y. Ab. Zar. V, 44ᵈ bot. ערובת ש׳ Sabbath eve; בפוקי ש׳ at the exit of the Sabbath; a. fr.—Y. Taan. IV, 69ᵃ bot. כל ארובת שובאי (corr. acc.).—Pl. שַׁבִּין, שַׁבַּיָּא, שַׁבֵּי. Targ. Is. I, 13 (ed. Wil. שַׁבְּאִין). Targ. I Chr. XXIII, 31; a. fr.—Sabb. 119ᵃ יוסף מוקיר שבי Joseph, the honorer of the Sabbaths; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁבָא to capture, v. שְׁבֵי. ↗ expanded

שְׁבָא ² (b. h.) pr. n. (the kingdom of) Sheba, in Arabia. Targ. II Esth. I, 2; a. e.—B. Bath. 15ᵇ, v. מַלְכָּה. Ib.; Y. Sot. V, end, 20ᵈ בימי מלכת ש׳ היה (Job) lived in the days of the queen of Sheba; Gen. R. s. 57; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁבָּאָה = next w.—Pl. שַׁבָּאֵי, שַׁבּוֹיֵי. Lam. R. introd. (R. Joḥ. 1) Moses said to them ש׳ אי בחייכון אתון קטולי וכ׳ you captors, oh, by your own lives, (I adjure you,) do not commit merciless slaughter. Keth. 23ᵃ אוקמן לשַׁבּוֹיִינְהִי וכ׳ (Rashi לשבוייהי) they let their captors stand outside of the college &c. ↗ expanded

שַׁבַּאי (שָׁבָה) captor, guardsman of captives. Snh. 104ᵃ, sq. Gitt. 58ᵃ נתעלל בה ש׳ וכ׳ the captor abused her the whole night; Yalk. Jer. 276. Tanḥ. ed. Bub. B’shall. 4 נטל את השַׁבַּאיי וכ׳ he took (his son’s) captor and put him on the rack, Yalk. Ex. 225; a. e.—Pl. שַׁבָּאִים, שַׁבְּאִין. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 8 באו ש׳ ושבו וכ׳ captors came and led his son away; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁבַב , Pi. שִׁיבֵּב (cmp. Arab. sabba a. deriv.) to chip, chisel. Koh. R. introd. ושִׁבְּבָהּ, v. סָדַק.—Trnsf. to chastise, discipline. Sot. 12ᵃ (play on שובב I Chr. II, 18, as an Agadic surname of Caleb) ששי׳ את יצרו he trained his inclination; (Rashi: ששי׳ את עצמו, denom. of שׁוֹבָב, he turned himself away from the rest of the spies); Yalk. Chr. 1074 ששבב את יצרו; Ex. R. s. 1 ששי׳ את עצמו. Sabb. 87ᵃ (play on וישב, Ex. XIX, 8) דברים שמְשַׁבְּבִין דעתו של אדם words which chasten the mind of man (threats of punishment), opp. מושכין; (Rashi: things which repel the mind, v. supra). ↗ expanded

שֵׁבָבָא , v. sub. שֵׁיב׳. ↗ expanded

שָׁבָה , v. שבי ↗ expanded

שִׁבְהוֹר , שִׁבְהוֹרְתָּא, שִׁי׳ f. (next w.) splendor, glory. Targ. Y. Deut. XXVI, 19. Targ. Ps. VIII, 6. Targ. Prov. II, 7 (ed. Lag. סבהיי, read: סבהור). Targ. Ps. XCVI, 9 שִׁבְהוֹרַת constr.; a. fr.—Pl. constr. שִׁבְהוֹרֵי, שִׁי׳. Ib. CX, 3. Targ. I Chr. XVI, 29. ↗ expanded

שַׁבְהַר (Shafel of בהר) to brighten, glorify. Targ. Ps. CXLIX, 4 Ms. (ed. ישבחו, corr. acc.; h. text יפאר). Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּבְהַר to be brightened. Targ. Y. I Ex. XXXIV, 29 (Y. II שבחו, ed. Ven. שברו, corr. acc.). Targ. Job XXVI, 13. to glory, boast. Targ. Prov. XXV, 6. Ib. 14. Ib. XXVII, 1. ↗ expanded

שְׁבוּאֵל (b. h.) pr. n. m. Shebuel, proposed as a secondary substitute (כִּינּוּי כִּינּוּי) for שְׁבוּעָה. Ned. 10ᵇ כינויי כינויין דשבועה היכי דמי ש׳ וכ׳ what are secondary substitutes for sh’bu‘ah? Like Sh’buel, Sh’buthiel, Sh’ḳuḳel; ש׳ ש׳ … משמע וכ׳ but could Sh’buel be used, as it may represent the proper noun Shebuel ben Gershom? Say Sh’bubel. ↗ expanded

שְׁבוּבְאֵל Sh’bubel, secondary substitute for שְׁבוּעָה, v. preced. ↗ expanded

שִׁבּוּחָא , v. sub שִׁיבּ׳. ↗ expanded

שָׁבוּי , v. שָׁבָה ↗ expanded

שַׁבּוֹיָא , v. שַׁבָּאָה ↗ expanded

שְׁבוֹיָיתָא , v. שִׁבְיְיתָא ↗ expanded

שִׁבּוּלָא , v. sub שִׁיבּ׳. ↗ expanded

שָׁבוּעַ a period of seven days, week.—שְׁבוּעַ הַבֵּן, v. בֵּן.—Pl. שָׁבוּעוֹת. Lev. R. s. 28 שבע ש׳ שבין וכ׳ the seven weeks between Passover and the Feast of Weeks; a. e. “year-week”, a period of seven years, septennate (the jubilee being divided into seven septennates); also the seventh year, Sabbatical year. Snh. V, 1, v. חֲקִירָה. Gitt. 77ᵃ לאחר ש׳ שנה if a person says, ‘give my wife a letter of divorce (or to his wife, ‘be thou divorced’), if I do not come back after the septennate’, we must wait one year (after the Sabbatical year). Ned. VIII, 1 ש׳ זה אסור בכל הש׳ וכ׳ (not השבועה) if a person, during a Sabbatical year, vows abstinence, using the word ‘this shabu‘aʾ, he is bound the entire coming septennial period and the seventh year of the expiring Sabbatical period. Ib. ש׳ אחד אסור וכ׳ but if he says, ‘one septennate’, he is bound from date to date, i.e. counting seven years from the day of the vow; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Y. Sabb. X, 17ᵃ top אי אפשר לשני ש׳ שלא חל וכ׳ it is not possible that during fourteen years the fourteenth day of Nisan should not occur on a Sabbath; Y. Pes. VI, 33ᵃ bot. לשני שביעית שיחול (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שָׁבוּעָא , week. Targ. O. Gen. XXIX, 27, sq. ed. Berl. (oth. ed. שְׁבוּעֲתָא; ed. Ven. עָתָא …). Targ. Lev. XXIII, 16. Targ. Job I, 4 דשבעתא Ms. (ed. שַׁבְעָא). Ib. 13 שבע׳ Ms. (ed. שבוע׳); a. e.—Pl. שָׁבוּעִין, שָׁבוּעַיָּא, שָׁבוּעֵי; שְׁבוּעָן. Targ. Deut. XVI, 9, sq. Targ. Lev. XXIII, 15; a. e.—Meg. Taan. ch. I; Taan. 17ᵇ; Men. 65ᵃ חגא דש׳ the Feast of Weeks. Ib. 66ᵃ מצוה למימני … ש׳ it is proper to count (the ‘Omer) by days and by weeks; Ḥag. 17ᵇ; R. Hash. 5ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁבוּעָא f. = next w. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 40 (ed. Vien. שְׁבוּעָה h. form; Y. II שְׁבוּעֲיָיא). Targ. Ps. X, 12. Targ. Jud. XXI, 5; a. e.—Shebu. 26ᵃ ש׳ דהכי אמר רב I take an oath on it that Rab said thus. Ib. שְׁבוּעֲתֵיה דכיר ליה he remembers his oath. B. Mets. 5ᵇ, a. fr. חשיד אש׳, v. גֵּו ch. Lev. R. s. 29 (play on בחדש השביעי, Lev. XXIII, 24) ר׳ … ירחא דשְׁבוּעֲתָה וכ׳ R. B. called it the month of the oath, for in it the Lord swore unto Abraham &c.; Pesik. Baḥod., p. 154ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁבוּעָה oath. Shebu. III, 1 ש׳ שאוכל וכ׳ if he says, I swear that I will eat, or, that I shall not eat &c. Ib. 32ᵇ חזרה ש׳ למחוייב וכ׳ the oath goes back to (is thrown again on) him who is bound to make it. Ib. כל המחוייב ש׳ וכ׳ whoever would, according to law, be bound to make oath, and is disqualified from doing so, must pay; a. fr.—שְׁבוּעַת ביטוי, ש׳ שוא, ש׳ היסת, ש׳ הפקדון &c., v. בִּיטוּי, שָׁוְא, הֶיסֵּת, פִּקָּדוֹן, &c.—שבועת הדיינין the oath imposed by the judges, legal oath. Ib. VI, 1 Y. a. Bab. (Mish. pl.); a. fr.—Pl. שְׁבוּעוֹת. Ib. I, 1 ש׳ שתים שהן ארבע the transgressions in cases of oaths are of two classes, subdivided into four. Ib. 25ᵃ חומר בנדריס מבש׳ וכ׳ there are restrictions in vows which do not apply to oaths &c.; שהש׳ חלות וכ׳ inasmuch as oaths may refer to things unsubstantial as well as to things substantial; Tosef. Ned. I, 5; a. fr.—Sh’buoth, name of a treatise, of the Order of N’ziḳin, of Misnah, Tosefta, Talmud Babli a. Y’rushalmi. ↗ expanded

שְׁבוּעֲיָיא , v. שְׁבוּעָא ↗ expanded

שְׁבוּעַתָּא , v. שָׁבוּעָא, שְׁבוּעָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁבוֹקָא , constr. שְׁבוֹק (שְׁבַק) remission (of taxes). Targ. Esth. II, 18. ↗ expanded

שִׁבּוּקָא , v. שִׁיבּוּקָא ↗ expanded

שְׁבוּקָה sh’buḳah, a substitute for שְׁבוּעָה (v. כִּינּוּי). Y. Ned. I, 37ᵃ top. ↗ expanded

שָׁבוֹר Shabor (Sapor I), king of Persia, friend of Samuel. Ber. 56ᵃ.—Trnsf. a surname of Samuel, and of Raba as influential men. B. Bath. 115ᵇ; Pes. 54ᵃ אמינא מילתא דש׳ מלכא … ומנו שמואל I will say something which king Shabor could not say; and who is meant by that? Samuel; ib. ומנו רבא; B. Bath. l. c. רבה (Ms. M. רבא); Yalk. Num. 774. ↗ expanded

שִׁבּוּר , v. שִׁיבּוּר ↗ expanded

שבורה , Y. Orl. I, 60ᵈ bot., v. שְׁבִירָה ↗ expanded

שִׁבּוּשׁ , v. שִׁיבּוּשׁ ↗ expanded

שְׁבוּת (שָׁבַת) rest, abstention from secular occupation. Sabb. 89ᵃ כלום … שאתם צריכים ש׳ do you (angels) work, that you needed rest? [Sifra Emor ch. XIII, Par. 11, a. e. ש׳ (אלא) שבתון, read: שְׁבוֹת, v. שָׁבַת.]—Esp. sh’buth, an occupation, on the Sabbath and Festivals, forbidden by the Rabbis as being out of harmony with the celebration of the day. Bets. V, 2 כל שחייבין עלין משום ש׳ וכ׳ all occupations which are forbidden as sh’buth … on the Sabbath, are also forbidden on the Holy Days; ואלו הן משום ש׳ וכ׳ and these are forbidden as sh’buth: you must not climb up a tree &c. Ib. 37ᵃ ש׳ גרידתא a plain act forbidden as sh’buth; ש׳ דרשות an act of exercise of authority; ש׳ דמצוה an act of a religious nature. Pes. 65ᵃ אין ש׳ במקדש the prohibition of acts as sh’buth does not apply to Temple functions; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁבוּתְאֵל sh’buthel, sh’buthiel, a secondary substitute for שְׁבוּעָה. Ned. 10ᵇ, v. שְׁבוּאֵל. ↗ expanded

שְׁבוּתָה sh’buthah, a substitute for שְׁבוּעָה (v. כִּינּוּי). Ned. I, 2; a. e.—Y. ib. 37ᵃ top ש׳ שביתה שמה (not שפותה) sh’buthah may have the meaning of rest (besides a disguise for שבועה). ↗ expanded

שַׁבְזֵז name of a jewel, sapphire. Targ. O. Ex. XXVIII, 18 (Ms. II שבסיס); XXXIX, 11 (h. text ספיר). Targ. Y. Num. II, 10. Targ. Ez. XXVIII, 13. Targ. Job XXVIII, 6; 16. Targ. Lam. IV, 7.—Pl. שַׁבְזִיזִין. Targ. Cant. V, 14. ↗ expanded

שָׁבַח (b. h.) [to grow, spread,] to improve, grow in value. B. Bath. 135ᵇ שֶׁבַח ששָׁבְחוּ וכ׳ an improvement which the estate obtained of itself, i.e. a natural increase in value by growth. Ib. 143ᵇ שבחו נכסים מחמת נכסים the estate improved through outlays made from the estate; שבחו … מחמת עצמן the estate improved owing to their (the heirs’) own expense of labor or money; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁבִּיחַ to improve, ameliorate. B. Mets. 14ᵇ גזל … והִשְׁבִּיחָהּ if one took unlawful possession of a field and sold it to another person who made improvements in it. B. Bath. 124ᵇ שבח שהִשְׁבִּיתוּ יורשין וכ׳ an improvement which the heirs made after their father’s death. Ib. IX, 3 השביחו לאמצע, v. אֶמְצַע. Ib. הִשְׁבִּיחָה לעצמה the increase of value which she produced goes to her own profit; a. fr. (neut. verb) to improve, grow in value. Maas. Sh. II, 1; a. e. to get bright, v. infra. Pi. שִׁבֵּחַ [ [to amplify,] to praise. Erub. 19ᵃ ולא עוד אלא שמְשַׁבֵּחַ and not only (does he submit to God’s judgment in silence), but he even praises. Succ. 27ᵇ, v. עַצְלָן. Sot. VII, 8 ושִׁבְּחוּהוּ חכמים and the scholars praised him for it. Mekh. Bo, s. 12 הודו ושִׁבְּחוּ וכ׳ they offered thanks and praise that the emeny did not see (their dead) &c. Ib. צריך לשַׁבֵּחַ must offer praise; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּבָּח; f. מְשׁוּבַּחת; pl. מְשׁוּבָּחִין; מְשׁוּבָּחוֹת a) improved, valuable; b) praiseworthy. Y. Yoma VI, 43ᶜ top מש׳ בגופו a sacrifice superior as to its body (stouter), מש׳ במראיו better looking. Cant. R. to I, 1 המש׳ שבשירים the most precious of songs. Num. R. s. 16³ (ref. to Num. XIII, 22) שהפסולת שלה משובחת מן המש׳ (not משובח), v. פְּסוֹלֶת; a. fr.— to quiet, tame.—Part. pass. as ab. Yalk. Num. 729 כחו … ומה מש׳ how great is the strength of this lion, and how tame he is! Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּבֵּחַ to spread, (of light) get bright. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXII ואחר כך היא מִשְׁתַּבַּחַת והולכת ed. Bub. (oth. ed. מַשְׁבַּחַת Hif.) and at last it grows bright and brighter; Cant. R. to VI, 10 מרטבת (corr. acc.). to be improved. Gen. R. s. 34 כל זמן שהוא כותשה היא משתבחת the more he beats it (the flax), the better it grows; ib. s. 32; ib. s. 55 משת׳ והולכת; Midr. Till. to Ps. XI מַשְׁבַּחַת והולכת (Hif.; ed. Bub. משבח והולך, read: מַשְׁבִּיחַ, or משובח); Yalk. Gen. 95 משובחת; Yalk. Ps. 654 משב׳; a. e. to praise one’s self. Bekh. 45ᵇ הקב"ה מִשְׁתַּבֵּחַ בבעלי קומה the Lord prides himself on conquering men of high stature. Ex. R. s. 9 אותו רשע משתבח ואומר וכ׳ that wicked man (Pharaoh) prides himself and says, that he is a god; a. e. to be praised. Ex. R. s. 41 הקב"ה יִשְׁתַּבַּח שמו ויתעלה זכרו the Holy One, blessed be he, praised be his name, and exalted his memory; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁבַח 1 to improve, rise in value; to make profit. B. Bath. 140ᵃ ברשות יורשין שְׁבוּחַ they rose in value while in the possession of the heirs (and the benefit ought to be theirs). B. Kam. 98ᵃ, v. נִסְבָּא II; a. e. to praise. Part. pass. שְׁבִיחַ; f. שְׁבִיחָא praiseworthy. Gitt. 80ᵇ ש׳ להו מילתא it is a matter of praise (an honor) to them (to mention the governor’s name in a document), opp. זילא. to spread, germinate, v. שְׁוַוח I. Pa. שַׁבַּח to praise, sing. Targ. Ex. XV, 1. Targ. Ps. IV, 1 לשַׁבָּחָא (h. text למנצח); a. fr.—[Targ. Y. II, Ex. XXXIV, 29; Targ. Ps. CXLIX, 4, v. שַׁבְהַר.]—Part. pass. מְשַׁבַּח; f. מְשַׁבַּחְתָּא; pl. מְשַׁבְּחַיָּיא; מְשַׁבְּחַן. Ib. CXIII, 3. Targ. Ez. XXVI, 17. Targ. Y. Ex. XV, 10 מיא ממשבחייא, read: במיא מְשַׁבְּ׳ (h. text אדירים).—Lam. R. to III, 9 בכל … סליק ש׳ ונחת וכ׳ every Friday he went up (to Jerusalem), prayed (in the Temple), and went home and lighted the candles; Y. Maas. Sh. V, 57ᵃ top שבת (corr. acc.). Snh. 42ᵃ אַשְׁבּוּחֵי מְשַׁבַּח נפשיה (or מַשְׁבַּח) does he proclaim his own praise? Meg. 25ᵇ האי … שרי לשַׁבּוּחֵיה ומאן דשֵׁבְּחֵיה וכ׳ it is permitted to praise him whose reputation is good, and blessings rest upon the head of him who praises him. Af. אַשְׁבַּח same. Snh. l. c., v. supra. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּבַּח to be praised, sung. Targ. Ps. LXXVIII, 63; a. e. to praise one’s self. Targ. Jer. IV, 2. Ib. XLIX, 4; a. fr.—Meg. 11ᵇ (ref. to Ezra I, 2) אִשְׁתַּבּוּחֵי … מִשְׁתַּבַּח בנפשיה it is he (Cyrus) only who thus glorifies himself (as the ruler of all empires). Ber. 6ᵃ, v. שְׁבָחָא; a. e. to speak with pride of, commend. Ab. Zar. 4ᵃ משתבח להו … ברב ספרא וכ׳ R. A. recommended RabSafra to the heretics (saying) that he is a great man. Ber. 38ᵃ [read:] מִשְׁתַּבְּחִין ליה רבנן בבר וכ׳ (Ms. M. משבחין, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) the Rabbis recommended the son of Rab Zabid … (saying) that he is a great man &c. Pes. 50ᵇ אישתבוחי משתבח בה קרא the Scripture commends her for it. Nidd. 14ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שֶׁבַח (preced.) improvement, gain. B. Kam. 95ᵇ שלשה שמין להן הש׳ ומעלין וכ׳ there are three persons for whose benefit the value of an improvement is assessed to be payable in money; they are: the share which the first-born has to pay to the plain heir, if the estate has increased in value before division &c. Ib., a. fr. ש׳ המגיע לכתפים, v. כַּתָּף. Ib. דמי צמרו ושְׁבָחוֹ the original value of his wool and its additional value (through dyeing). Ib. IX, 4; Keth. 80ᵃ, v. הוֹצָאָה. B. Mets. 14ᵃ, v. שִׁעְבּוּד. Pes. 27ᵃ, a. e. יש ש׳ עצים בפת the bread contains the benefit derived from the wood used in baking bread, i.e. bread baked by a fire made of forbidden wood (e.g. an ăsherah) is forbidden; a. fr. excellency, superiority, praise. Num. R. s. 16¹³ לא במקום הש׳ וכ׳ they built the cities not on the best soil &c., opp. פְּסוֹלֶת. Ib. להודיעך שְׁבָחָהּ של וכ׳ to let thee know the superiority of the land of Israel, v. שָׁבַח. Erub. 18ᵇ מקצת שבחו של אדם וכ׳ you may tell part of a man’s praise in his presence, but not all of it. Pes. X, 4 מתחיל בגנות ומסיים בש׳ you begin (the recitation of the Agadah on the Passover eve) with disgrace (telling of the slavery or idolatry of the ancestors), and close with praise. Ib. 117ᵃ בעשרה מאמרות של ש׳ וכ׳ the Book of Psalms uses ten expressions of praise &c.; גדול … שכולל שם וש׳ the highest of all is Halleluiah, because it contains the Name of the Lord and praise. Kidd. 33ᵇ (ref. to Ex. XXXIII, 8) וחד אמר לש׳ and one says, they looked after Moses with the purpose of praising him, v. גְּנַאי; a. fr.—Tosef. Meg. IV (III), 39; Meg. 25ᵇ קורין אותו לש׳ are in reading changed for a more aesthetic expression, v. גְּנַאי.—[Tanḥ. Vaëra 9 ומראה שבחן, read: שַׁחֲצוֹ, v. שַׁחַץ I.] ↗ expanded

שְׁבַח increase, amelioration, profit. B. Mets. 15ᵃ אמליך וכתוב שופרא ש׳ ופירי (when thou writest a deed of sale of land) ask for the owner’s consent, and write that he guarantees the title with the best of his property, even to indemnity for improvement and for lost usufruct. Ib. לוקח מגזלן לית ליה ש׳ he that buys land from an unlawful possessor (and has to restore it to the legitimate owner) cannot claim indemnity for improved value. Ib.ᵇ; ib. 110ᵇ; B. Kam. 96ᵃ הב לי … שיעור שְׁבָחָאִי give me a g’riva of land (out of my own land) corresponding to the value of the improvement I put in. B. Bath. 124ᵇ ש׳ דאיתיה ברשותיה an increase in value which is in his (the heir’s) possession, opp. to מלוה an outstanding loan; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁבָחִין, שְׁבָחֵי. B. Mets. 15ᵃ ושְׁבָחֵיהוֹן, v. עַמְלָא. praise. Targ. Ps. XL, 4 (ed. Wil. שֶׁבַח). Targ. Ps. CXLV, 21 (some ed. שַׁבָּחָא); a. fr.—Sot. 42ᵇ לאודועי שְׁבָחֵיה דדוד to make known David’s praise (valor); a. e.—Pl. as ab. Ber. 6ᵃ ומי משתבח קוב"ה בשְׁבָחַיְיהוּ דישראל does the Lord pride himself on the praises of Israel? Ib. 33ᵇ סיימתינהו לכולהו ש׳ דמרך hast thou finally counted all the excellencies of thy Master?; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁבָּח (preced.) singer.—*Targ. Ps. IV, 1, a. fr. לשַׁ׳ (h. text למנצח), שְׁבַח I.—Pl. שַׁבָּחִין. Cant. R. to I, 1 end (expl. שירות היכל, Am. VIII, 3) שַׁבָּחוֹי דהיכלא (not שבחות) the singers of the Temple; Yalk. ib. 980. ↗ expanded

שְׁבַחְתָּא = שְׁבָחָא, praise. Targ. Ps. XXXIII, 1 יאיא ש׳ Ms. (ed. יאי, corr. acc., or read שבחא). ↗ expanded

שָׁבַט (denom. of שׁבֶט, cmp. σπαθάω fr. σπάθη) to press the weaving rod, to make the web close (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Tela). Tosef. Sabb. VIII (IX), 2; Sabb. 75ᵇ; 97ᵇ השׁוֹבֵט, contrad. to דִּקְדֵּק. Y. ib. XII, 13ᶜ bot., a. e., v. קָטַט. Bab. ib. 92ᵇ … שנים … בכרכר ושׁוֹבְטִין if two persons take hold of the shuttle and press; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁבַט 1 (v. preced.) to strike with the rod, to beat. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXIV, 20. ↗ expanded

שֵׁבֶט a. deriv.) rod, staff. Snh. 5ᵃ (ref. to Gen. XLIX, 10) הכא ש׳ והתם מחוקק here (in Babylonia) the rod (the Resh Galutha’s office), there the legislator (the Nasi); ib. אלו ראשי … בש׳ those are the Resh-Galuthas who chastise Israel with the rod; Hor. 11ᵇ התם ש׳ וכ׳ there (in Babylonia) the rod &c.; a. e.—[Tanḥ. B’midb. 16 הש׳ אינו מספיק, read: השָׂרָף.] (cmp. מַטֶּה) tribe. Tanḥ. l. c. למוד הוא הש׳ הזה וכ׳ this tribe (of Levi) is wont to be counted &c. Num. R. s. 5, beg. (ref. to Ps. XXXIII, 18) זה שִׁבְטוֹ של לוי וכ׳ this means the tribe of Levi whose members sit hoping &c.; ib. אלו כ"ד … לש׳ לוי those are the twenty-four gifts assigned to the tribe of Levi. Y. Ter. I, 40ᵈ top מפני גזל הש׳ because it is an injustice to the tribe (of Levi, giving them unnecessary trouble). Pes. 80ᵃ ש׳ אחד איקרי קהל one tribe is called a community, v. קָהָל; ib. אפי׳ ש׳ אחד טמא וכ׳ even if one tribe is unclean (and prevented from offering the Passover sacrifice) &c. Y. ib. VII, 34ᶜ ש׳ אחד גורר וכ׳, v. גָּרַר I; a. v. fr.—Pl. שְׁבָטִים. Gen. R. s. 98; s. 99 end, v. יָחַד. B. Bath. 117ᵇ דילמא לש׳ קאמר לה perhaps the text (Num. XXVI, 55) means a distribution by tribes (as they were on entering the land)? Sabb. 146ᵃ יעקב הוליד י֞ב ש׳ וכ׳ Jacob begat twelve tribes (sons) in whom there was no blemish. Ib. 147ᵇ עשרת הש׳ the ten tribes (the kingdom of Israel). Snh. X, 3 (110ᵇ) עשרת הש׳ אינן וכ׳ the ten tribes (carried into exile) are not destined to return; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁבַט rod, staff. Targ. Prov. XXII, 8. Ib. X, 13 (Ar. a. Levita שׁוּפְטָא). Ib. XXVI, 3; a. fr.—Y. Shek. IV, 48ᵇ bot., v. כַּרְכָּרָא. tribe. Targ. I Chr. XXVI, 32. Targ. Num. I, 4; a. fr.—B. Bath. 115ᵇ גמירי … ש׳ there is a tradition that no tribe shall ever be extinct; a. e.—Pl. שִׁבְטִין, שִׁבְטַיָּא, שִׁי׳. Targ. Num. I, 16. Targ. Gen. XLIX, 28, a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁבָט Assyr. šabaṭu) Shebat, the eleventh month of the Jewish calendar, of thirty days, beginning between the first and the thirtieth of January, and ending between the thirtieth of January and the twenty-eighth of February. Targ. Zech. I, 7; a. e.—R. Hash. I, 1; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁבְטָא , v. שְׁבַט II ↗ expanded

שַׁבְטוּטִין (diminut. of שֵׁבֶט) shoots. Gen. R. s. 33 מש׳ שבארץ וכ׳ Ar. (ed. משַׁבְשׁוּשִׁין) she (the dove) brought the olive-leaf from the young shoots of Palestine; Yalk. Gen. 59; Lev. R. s. 31 משַׁבְשׁוּשֵׁי ארץ וכ׳; Cant. R. to I, 15 משַׁמְטוּטֵי; Yalk. Ez. 362 משִׁבְשִׁין של וכ׳. ↗ expanded

שבי (b. h.) to capture, carry off.—Part. pass. שָׁבוּי; f. שְׁבוּיָה; pl. שְׁבוּיִים, שְׁבוּיִם, שְׁבוּיִין; שְׁבוּיוֹת. Keth. I, 2 הגיורת והש׳ וכ׳ a proselyte, a captive, and a slave, converted, redeemed, or freed at an age of less than three years and one day. Ib. 4. B. Bath. 8ᵃ bot.; Ḥull. 7ᵃ, a. e. פדיון ש׳, v. פִּדְיוֹן. Shek. II, 5 מותר שבויים לש׳ what is left over from a fund collected for the ransom of captives, must be reserved for the ransom of other captives; מותר שבוי לאותו ש׳ what is left over from a collection for a certain captive, belongs to that captive. Y. ib. II, 47ᵃ top אין פודין ש׳ בש׳ you dare not redeem a captive by surrendering another captive. Keth. 51ᵇ בש׳ הקלו with regard to a woman redeemed from captivity the practice is more lenient (allowing her husband to live with her again). Ib. שְׁבוּיֵי מלכות הרי הן כש׳ women forced by (Roman) officials come under the law of redeemed captives (are permitted to live with their husbands). Gitt. IV, 6, v. פָּדָה; a. fr. Nif. נִשְׁבָּה to be captured. B. Mets. 39ᵃ שבוי שנ׳ מורידין וכ׳ if a person has been captured (banished), we appoint a relative to manage his property. Snh. 104ᵃ שני בני אדם שנִשְׁבּוּ וכ׳ two persons were captured on Mount Carmel. Lam. R. to I, 16 מעשה במרים … שנִשְׁבֵּית וכ׳ it came to pass that Miriam … was carried off (by the Romans), herself and her seven sons. Keth. II, 5 נִשְׁבֵּתִי וטהורה אני I was a captive (among gentiles), but I remained pure; ib. 23ᵃ נִשְׁבֵּיתִי; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁבֵי Targ. Num. XXI, 1. Targ. I Chr V, 21. Targ. Ps. CVI, 46. Targ. II Chr. VI, 36. Targ. Is. XIV, 2; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁבֵי, pl. שָׁבָן, שְׁבָן. Targ. O. Deut. XXXII, 42 שָׁ׳ Ms. I (ed. Berl. שְׁ׳; oth. ed. שִׁבְיָן; Y. שִׁיבִין; v. שִׁבְיָא).—Ber. 56ᵃ דאתו רומאי ושָׁבוּ לך that the Romans came and made thee captive, v. שְׁחַר IV. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּבֵּי, Ithpe. אִשְׁתַּבֵי to be taken captive, be carried off. Targ. Gen. XIV, 14. Targ. I Sam. XXX, 3; a. fr.—B. Mets. 39ᵇ אִשְׁתַּבָּאִי איהי וכ׳ she was captured and one of her daughters. Keth. 23ᵃ אִישְׁתַּבְּיָין בנתיה וכ׳ the daughters of Mar Samuel were captured. Keth. IV, 8 אם תִּשְׁתַּבָּאִי וכ׳, v. פְּרַק; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁבִי preced.) captivity, prison. Hor. III, 7 האשה … מבית הש׳ a woman has the precedence of a man with regard to clothes and to relief from prison. ↗ expanded

שְׁבִי ² , captivity; (collect. noun) captives. Targ. O. Ex. XII, 29. Targ. Is. XX, 4. Targ. O. Deut. XXI, 10. Ib. 11 (ed. Vien. שִׁבְיָה). Targ. Is. LII, 2 שְׁבִיָא ed. Wil. (ed. Lag. a. oth. שְׁבוּיֵי or שְׁבוֹיֵי); a. fr.—Pl. שִׁבְיָין, שִׁבְיָן. Targ. O. Deut. XXXII, 42, v. שְׁבֵי.—V. שִׁבְיְיתָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁבֵי (preced.) captor, marauder.—Pl. שָׁבְיָין. Targ. II Chr. VI, 36 שָׁבֵיהוֹן. Targ. Is. XIV, 2 (ed. Wil. שׁוֹבֵיהוֹן).—Y. Ter. VIII, 46ᵃ ש׳ עלון לקרתא וכ׳ marauders invaded a town, and one of them &c. ↗ expanded

שִׁבְיָא , v. שְׁבִי ch. ↗ expanded

שְׁבִיבָא chip; ש׳ דנור spark.—Pl. שְׁבִיבִין. Targ. Y. Gen. XV, 17. ↗ expanded

שִׁבְיָה captivity, capture. Kidd. 21ᵇ (ref. to Deut. XX, 11) בשעת ש׳ (if you see and desire her) בשעת ש׳ at the time of making captives; Sifré Deut. 211. ↗ expanded

שִׁבְיָה ² ch., v. שְׁבִי ch. ↗ expanded

שביון , v. שְׂגַבְיוֹן ↗ expanded

שְׁבִיחַ , v. שְׁבַח I ↗ expanded

שְׁבִיט (v. שְׁבַט) rod; ככבא דש׳ shooting star or comet. Ber. 58ᵇ, v. זֵיק. ↗ expanded

שִׁבְיְיתָא = h. שִׁבְיָה, captivity; (collect. noun) captives; booty. Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 19. Targ. Y. Deut. XXI, 10, sq. (ed. Vien. שִׁבְיָ׳); ib. 13 (ed. Vien. שִׁבְיָי׳). Targ. Lam. I, 5; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁבְיָיתָא, שִׁבְיָתָא. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXI, 26 שִׁבְיָת (O. שַׁבְיוֹת; Ms. I שְׁבֻיוֹת; ed. Berl. שָׁבְיָת).—Kidd. 81ᵃ שְׁבוֹיָתָא; Keth. 23ᵃ שְׁבוֹיָיתָא captured women. ↗ expanded

שְׁבִיל , Shaf. of יָבַל) path. Peah II, 1 ש׳ הרבים a public path through fields; ש׳ היחיד a private path, contrad. to דרך. Ex. R. s. 25 ב"וד עושה לו ש׳ בדרך שמא … ש׳ בים a human being makes himself a path on trodden ground, can he make himself a path in the sea?; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁבִילִים, שְׁבִילִין. B. Kam. 81ᵃ ומהלכים בשְׁבִילֵי הרשות וכ׳ it is allowed to walk on private paths (through fields) until the second rainfall (v. רְבִיעָה); Taan. 6ᵇ; Tosef. Shebi. VII, 18 ש׳ שבשדות. Lev. R. s. 4 היו לפניו שני ש׳ וכ׳ if a person had before him two paths, one smooth &c. Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵃ bot. התורה הזו דומה לשני ש׳ וכ׳ the Torah is like two paths, the one of fire, the other of snow &c. Tanḥ. T’rumah 8 (ref. to Prov. V, 6) שְׁבִילֶיהָ של תורה וכ׳ the paths of the Torah and its sections; a. e.—Naz. 8ᵇ מנין שבילי שמיטה Var. (v. Rashi) as many as the field paths in the Sabbatical year (ed. שבלי).—בִּשְׁבִיל on account of, for the sake of; because. Ber. 58ᵃ בִּשְׁבִילִי for my sake. Ib. בש׳ אשתו ובניו for his wife and children. Taan. 20ᵃ בִּשְׁבִילְךָ for thy sake. Ib. 20ᵇ בִּשְׁבִילְכֶם for your sake. Sabb. II, 4 בש׳ שתהא מנטפת in order that it may drip. Ib. 5 בש׳ החולה שישן for the sake of a patient, that he may sleep. Succ. 29ᵃ בש׳ ארבעה דברים for four reasons. Sot. 46ᵇ בש׳ שכנעני וכ׳ because this Canaanite showed the way with his finger. Num. R. s. 3⁶ שלחה בש׳ וכ׳ she sent for R. J.; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁבִילָא Targ. Job XVIII, 10. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 35; a. e.—Pl. שְׁבִילִין, שְׁבִילֵי. Targ. Jer. XVIII, 15. Targ. Prov. II, 9 (ed. Wil. שִׁבְלֵי, corr. acc.). Ib. 15. Targ. Job XIX, 8; a. e.—Ber. 58ᵇ ש׳ דשמיא, v. נְהַר I. Lev. R. s. 17, beg. (ref. to Ps. LXXXIV, 6) אלו דש׳ דאורייתא כבישין וכ׳ those in whose hearts the pathways of the Law are paved; a. e.—[Pes. 35ᵃ שבילי תעלא, v. שׁוּבְלָא.] ↗ expanded

שָׁבִיס band, esp. (של סבכה) ש׳ metal (or woolen) band with which the hair-net is fastened. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. V, 15 ש׳ של שבכה טמא וכ׳ a net-band is susceptible of uncleanness for itself, because one may (detach and) fit it for another net. Ib. 16 ומשום חיבורי ש׳ וכ׳ but (gold foils and plates) used as fastenings of a hair-band are susceptible of uncleanness. Kel. XXVIII, 10 ש׳ שלה the band of the net. Neg. XI, 11. Sifra Sh’mini, ch. VII, Par. 8 שָׁבִיץ של סבכה; ib. ch. XI, Par. 10 שביס וכ׳ a woolen net-band. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵇ bot. (ref. to שביסים, Is. III, 18) braided bands (v. סִלְבּוֹנַיָּא) כמה דאת אמר ש׳ של סבכה as you say, shabis of the hair-net. ↗ expanded

שְׁבִיסָא —Pl. שְׁבִיסַיָּא. Targ. Is. III, 18. ↗ expanded

שְׁבִיסְרָאָה , v. שַׁב I ↗ expanded

שְׁבִיעָאָה = h. שְׁבִיעִי, seventh. Targ. Gen. II, 2. Targ. Jer. XLI, 1. Targ. Zech. VIII, 19; a. fr.—Fem. שְׁבִיעֵיתָא, שְׁבִיעֵתָא, שְׁבִיעֲ׳. Targ. O. Lev. XXIII, 16 (Y. שביעאה). Targ. Deut. XV, 9 (Y. ed. Vien. שְׁבִיעָתָא). Targ. Job V, 19; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׂבִיעָה (שָׂבֵעַ) being sated, satiation. Yoma 79ᵇ (ref. to Deut. XI, 15) אכילה שיש בה ש׳ וכ׳ (to say the benediction after meal requires) food enough to satisfy the appetite, which is the size of an egg. Pesik. R. s. 16 (ref. to Num. XXVIII, 7) לשון רויה לשון ש׳ וכ׳ expressing fill, satiation &c., v. רְוִיָּה; Tanḥ. Pinḥ. 12; Num. R. s. 21¹⁷; Y. Succ. IV, 54ᵈ top שיבעה (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שְׁבִיעִי seventh. Succ. V, 6 בש׳ on the seventh day of Succoth. Lev. R. s. 29 ש׳ חביב the seventh thing is most precious; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁבִיעִין. Ib. כל הש׳ וכ׳ all seventh things are precious.—Fem. שְׁבִיעִית Ib.; a. fr.—Esp. the seventh year, Sabbatical year. Shebi. I, 1 ערב ש׳ the year preceding the Sabbatical year; ib. 4 מוצאי ש׳, v. מוֹצָא III. Snh. III, 3 סוחרי ש׳ traders in fruits of the Sabbatical year; a. v. fr.—Pl. שְׁבִיעִיּוֹת. Y. ib. 21ᵃ bot. שתי ש׳ we must wait for two Sabbatical years before reinstating the trader in Sabbatical fruits in his civic rights; Y. Shebu. VII, 37ᵈ bot. (not שני).—Sh’biʿith, name of a treatise, of the Order of Z’raʿim, of Mishnah, Tosefta, and Talmud Y’rushalmi. ↗ expanded

שְׁבִיעֵיתָא , v. שְׁבִיעָאָה ↗ expanded

שָׁבִיץ , v. שָׁבִיס ↗ expanded

שְׁבִיק (שְׁבַק; v. שִׁבְקָא I) abandoned; spontaneous growth. Targ. Y. Lev. XXV, 5 כתי ש׳ (h. text ספיח).—Pl. שְׁבִיקִין, v. שִׁיבּוּקָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁבִיקוּתָא (שְׁבַק) remission, forgiveness. Targ. Ps. CXXX, 4 (h. text סליחה). ↗ expanded

שְׁבִירָא , v. שַׁבְרָא ↗ expanded

שְׁבִירָה (שָׁבַר) breaking. Y. Orl. I, 60 bot. (not שבורה), v. נְפִיצָה.—שְׁבִירַת עצם breaking a bone of the Passover sacrifice. Pes. VII, 12; ib. 70ᵃ; a. fr., v. עֶצֶם. ↗ expanded

שַׁבֵּישׁ , v. שְׁבַשׁ ↗ expanded

שְׁבִישָׁא , v. שְׁבִשְׁתָּא ↗ expanded

שְׁבִיתָה (שָׁבַת) resting, making a day station esp. over the Sabbath. Maasr. II, 3 עד שהוא מגיע למקום הש׳ until he reaches a place where he intends to rest, contrad. to לינה night lodging. Y. ib. 49ᵈ top, v. לִינָה.—Esp. appointing a place to be the centre of Sabbath movements, Sabbath camp (from which one is allowed to walk two thousand cubits in every direction). Erub. IV, 7 מי שבא … שְׁבִיתָתִי תחתיו if one is on the road (on Friday) at nightfall, and recognizing a tree or a fence (at a distance) says, my Sabbath rest be under it; שביתתי בעיקרו my Sabbath camp be at its root. Ib. 8 שביתתי במקומי my Sabbath centre be where I am now. Ib. 45ᵇ חפצי הפקר קונין ש׳ objects which have no owner acquire a Sabbath centre of their own (and he who finds them has to be guided in carrying them by the place where he found them). Ib. חפצי הנכרי אינן קונין ש׳ objects belonging to a gentile have no Sabbath centre, i.e. if they come from outside on the Holy Day, the recipient may carry them the distances which he himself is permitted to walk; a. fr. observing the Sabbath, abstention from labor. Sabb. XVI, 6 (121ᵃ) מפני שאין שְׁבִיתָתוֹ עליך Y. ed. (Mish. a. Bab. ed. עליהן, Ms. M. עלינו) because his (the gentile’s) Sabbath rest is no concern of thine (of theirs, the Jews’ for whom he acts; of ours); ib. מפני ששביתתו עליך because his (the minor’s) observance of the Sabbath is thy (their, our) concern. Y. ib. V, 7ᵇ bot. שהוא מצוה על שְׁבִיתַת בהמתו כמוהו for man is commanded to let his cattle rest as well as himself. Y. Erub. III, 21ᵃ אינו יכול להביאו דרך ש׳ he cannot bring it home in a manner consistent with the observance of the Sabbath; a. fr. = שְׁבוּת an act forbidden on the Sabbath by rabbinical law, but permissible in the Temple.—Pl. שְׁבִיתוֹת. Ib. X, end, 26ᵈ (ref. to Mish. ib. X, 11—15) משביתה אחת למדו ש׳ הרבה from the permissibility of one act, we learn the permissibility of many more, v. צַבְתָּא. ↗ expanded

שְׂבָכָה , v. סְבָכָה ↗ expanded

שִׁבְלָא , v. שׁוֹבַל ↗ expanded

שַׁבְּלוּל (שבל to drag along, cmp. b. h. שֹׁבֶל; cmp. שִׁלְשׁוּל III) snail without the shell. Sabb. 77ᵇ, v. כָּתִית; Y. Ber. IX, 13ᶜ bot. (ed. Krot. שכלון, ed. Ven. שבלון, corr. acc.), v. חָזִית. ↗ expanded

שַׁבְלוּלָה , v. next w. ↗ expanded

שַׁבְּלוּלְיָה (preced. art.) a species of mollusks, slug. Y. Nidd. III, 50ᵈ אילין נשייא דאמרן ש׳ דכר שבלולה נוקבא וכ׳ (ed. Krot. שכ׳, corr. acc.) we do not rely on those women who say that if the placenta resembles (in substance and color) a shabb’luliah, it indicates a male fœtus, if a shabb’lul, a female. ↗ expanded

שַׁבְלוּלִיתָא (Shaf. of בלל; cmp. תֶּבֶל, תַּבְלִין) fenugreek. Sabb. 110ᵇ Ms. M. (ed. שַׁבְלִילְתָּא). Men. 42ᵇ מיא דש׳ Ms. M. (ed. דשבלילתא) juice of fenugreek. Gitt. 69ᵃ ש׳ Rashi (ed. שׁוּבְלִילְתָּא). Ab. Zar. 38ᵇ שבלילתא. ↗ expanded

שבלון , v. שַׁבְּלוּל ↗ expanded

שִׁבְלֵי ), v. שִׁיבְלֵי ↗ expanded

שַׁבְלִילְתָּא , v. שַׁבְלוּלִיתָא ↗ expanded

שִׁבֹּלֶת , v. שִׁיבּוֹלֶת ↗ expanded

שֻׁבַּלְתָּא , v. שׁוּבַּלְתָּא ↗ expanded

שבן , Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᵈ top שבנית some ed., v. שְׁכַן ↗ expanded

שֶׁבְנָא (b. h.) pr. n. m. Shebna, officer in high position in King Hezekiah’s court. Lev. R. s. 5. Snh. 26ᵇ ש׳ בעל הנאה היה Shebna was a sensual man; a. e. a brother of Hillel. Sot. 21ᵃ, v. עִסְקָא ↗ expanded

שבניה , v. שְׁכַנְיָה II ↗ expanded

שַׁבְסֵיס , v. שַׁבְזֵיז ↗ expanded

שֵׁבְסַר seventeen, v. שׁב I. ↗ expanded

שֶׁבַע (b. h.) seven. Snh. V, 1, v. חֲקִירָה. Ib. 3 בש׳ (sub שעות) at seven hours of the day. Ab. V, 7. Lam. R. introd. (R. Josh. 2) ש׳ מש׳ seven times seven; a. v. fr.—בנות ש׳, ברת ש׳, v. בַּת I a. בְּרַת I.—Esp. שִׁבְעָה (sub. ימים) Shib ah, the seven days of mourning for a near relative. M. Kat. 20ᵃ, v. שְׁלֹשָׁה; a. fr.—Y. M. Kat. III, 82ᶜ; v. שָׁמַר.—Pl. שִׁבְעִים seventy. Snh. V, 5 עד ש׳ ואחד (add to the members of the court,) until they number seventy-one. Ab. Zar. 11ᵇ אחת לש׳ שנה once every seventy years; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁבַע Targ. Gen. V, 7. Ib. IV, 24 (O. ed. Vien. שִׁבְעָה). Ib. XXIX, 27. Targ. Y. II, Num. XI, 26 שׁוֹבְעָתֵי; a. fr.—Y. Kil. IV, beg. 29ᵃ חמש שורין מן שו׳ שו׳ five rows of seven trees each. Y. Sabb. I, 3ᶜ bot. אלו שגזרו … שובעה אינון those laws which they decreed by majority of votes, were seven; a. fr.—Pl. שַׁבְעִין, שִׁבְ׳, שׁוּבְ׳ seventy. Targ. Gen. V, 12; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׁבַע , Nif. נִשְׁבַּע (b. h.) to be sworn, to swear. Shebu. III, 6 נ׳ לבטל וכ׳ if a person swears that he will omit to perform a commandment. Ib. VI, 4 אין נִשְׁבָּעִין על וכ׳ no oath is imposed in refutation of a claim of a deaf and mute, or of an insane person, or of a minor, nor do we administer an oath to a (claimant) minor, אבל נשבעין לקטן וכ׳ but you must make oath when suing a minor or the sacred treasury. Ib. 7 ומי נ׳ מי … שמא יִשָּׁבַע זה וכ׳ which of them is first admitted to an oath? He with whom the (lost) pledge was deposited, lest this one (the debtor) swear (to the value of the pledge), and the other produce the pledge (and prove him a perjurer). Ib. VII, 1 כל הנשבעין שבתורה נשבעין וכ׳ all those bound to swear according to Biblical law swear and are free from payment, but the following swear and receive (are awarded their claim). Ib. 32ᵇ ואינו יכול לִישָּׁבֵעַ, v. שְׁבוּעָה; a. fr. Hif. הִשְׁבִּיעַ to adjure; to impose, administer an oath. Ib. IV, 3 אמרו אין אנו … מַשְׁבִּיעַ אני עליכם וכ׳ if they say, we know no testimony in thy case, (and he says,) I adjure you, and they say, Amen: they are guilty (if they could testify). Ib. ה׳ עליהן … חוץ וכ׳ if he adjured them five times out of court, and coming before court they confess (that they know testimony), they are acquitted. Ib. VIII, 2 מַשְׁבִּיעֲךָ אני וכ׳ I adjure thee, and he says, Amen. Ib. 29ᵃ; 39ᵃ, a. e. וכשמַשְׁבִּיעִין אותו … אנו משביעין אותך וכ׳ and when the court administers an oath to him, they say to him, know that we cause thee to swear not in thy sense, but in the sense of God and in the sense of the court; a. fr.—Part. pass. מוּשְׁבָּע; pl. מוּשְׁבָּעִין. Ib. 31ᵃ מ׳ מפי עצמו one who is sworn on his own demand (in his own case); מ׳ מפי אחרים one who is sworn on other people’s demands (as a supposed witness that claims ignorance). Ib. III, 6 הרשות שאינו מ׳ עליה מהר סיני a religiously indifferent act, on which he is not sworn from Mount Sinai; מצוה שהוא מ׳ וכ׳ a religious act on which he is sworn &c. Ib. 21ᵇ; 22ᵇ, v. סִינַי; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁבַע 2 Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּבַּע, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּבַע, אִישְּׁבַע as preced. Nif. Targ. Lev. V, 22; 24. Targ. Jer. V, 2; a. fr.— Shebu. 29ᵃ ודילמא … וכי קא מִשְׁתַּבַּע אדעתא דיריה א׳ perhaps that man saw a huge bird and called it gamla (camel), and when he swore (that he saw a camel fly in the air), he swore in his sense. Ib. דכי קא משתבע … קא משתבע so that when he swears (that he has paid the money), he swears to the truth in his sense (having given him tokens, v. אִיסְקוּנְדְּרֵי). Ib. 32ᵇ אי … הוה מִשְׁתַּבַּעְנָא וכ if thou hadst come and testified for me, I should have been assigned an oath and received my claim; מי יימר דמִשְׁתַּבְּעַת who can say that thou wouldst have made oath? Ib. לִישְׁתַּבַּע shall he be admitted to an oath? Ib. 26ᵃ ואנא בשיקרא אִישְׁתַּבְּעִי and have I sworn falsely?; a. fr. Af. אַשְׁבַּע as preced. Hif. Targ. Y. II, Ex. XIII, 19 [read:] מִשְׁבָּע אַשְׁבַּע. Targ. Cant. II, 7. Targ. Cant. II, 4; a. e.—Shebu. 36ᵃ אַשְׁבְּעִינְהוּ ולייטינהו he made them swear, and also pronounced a curse upon them. Ib. 41ᵃ לא מַשְׁבְּעִינָן ליה we do not put him to an oath; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׂבֵעַ 1 next w.) sated, filled, satisfied. Gitt. 56ᵃ יוצא כשהוא ש׳, v. רָעֵב I. Lev. R. s. 34 לשְׂבֵעוֹ וכ׳, v. רָעֵב I; a. fr.—Pl. שְׂבֵעִים, שְׂבֵעִין, שְׂבֵי׳. Joma 74ᵇ סומין … ואינו ש׳ blind persons eat and are not satisfied. Taan. 10ᵇ אל תראו עצמיכם בפני בני עשו … כאילו אתם ש׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) make no show of your plenty before the sons of Esau or of Ishmael, lest they envy you; Yalk. Gen. 148; a. e.—Fem. שְׂבֵעָה, שְׂבֵי׳. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᶜ top the Lord allows the righteous in this world to see their (future) reward, ונפשם ש׳ וכ׳ and they feel satisfied and go to sleep; a. e.—Pl. שְׂבֵעוֹת, שְׂבֵי׳. Midr. Sam. ch. XIII (ref. to I Sam. IX, 12, sq.) וכל האורך הזה … ולא היו ש׳ ממנו why this lengthy speech? It intimates that they looked at the beauty of Saul and could not see enough of it; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׂבֵעַ 2 to be filled, to have plenty, be satisfied. Sabb. 113ᵇ (ref. to Ruth II, 14) ותאכל בעולם הזה ותִשְׂבַּע וכ׳ she (Israel) will eat in this world, will have plenty in the Messianic days, and leave over for the hereafter. Succ. 52ᵇ, v. רָעֵב II; a. e. Hif. הִשְׂבִּיעַ to satisfy. Gen. R. s. 76, end כדי להַשְׂבִּיעַ עיניו וכ׳ in order to satisfy the eyes of the wicked man. Y. Keth. V, 30ᵇ הִשְׂבִּיעָתוֹ; Succ. l. c. מַשְׂבִּיעוֹ, v. רָעֵב II. Snh. 100ᵃ; a. fr.—Ib. 29ᵇ אדם עשוי שלא להשביע את עצמו man is wont not to declare himself wealthy (to disclaim wealth, by saying that he is in debt, even if he is not); כשם שאדם … שלא להשביע את בניו as man is wont to disclaim wealth for himself, so is he likely to disclaim it for his heirs (therefore an ante-mortem confession of indebtedness does not establish a claim against heirs). Pi. שִׂבֵּעַ same.—Part. pass. מְשׂוּבָּע. Lev. R. s. 29 (play on השביעי, Lev. XXIII, 24) שהוא מש׳ בכל וכ׳ a month which is plentiful in every thing &c. Hithpa. הִשְׂתַּבֵּעַ to be satiated, sick. Num. R. s. 14 עתיד להִשְׂתַּבּעַ, v. סִיג I. ↗ expanded

שְׂבַע , to be satisfied, saturated. Targ. O. Ex. XVI, 8 למִיסְבַּע ed. Berl. (ed. Amst. למִישְׂ׳); Y. למִשְׂבּוֹעַ. Targ. Ps. CIV, 16 (Ms. ס׳); a. fr.—Part. שְׂבִיעַ, שְׂבַע, סְ׳; f. שָׂבְעָא, סָ׳. Targ. Prov. XXX, 22 דשביע ed. Lag. (Ms. דסביע; ed. Wil. דיִשְׂבַּע). Targ. Job XLII, 17. Targ. Gen. XXV, 8. Targ. Prov. XXVII, 7; a. fr.—Pesik. R. s. 16; Pesik. Eth Korb., p. 57ᵇ, a. e., v. רְוֵי; a. e. Pa. שַׂבַּע, סַ׳ ; Af. אַשְׂבַּע, אַסְ׳ to satisfy. Targ. Ps. XC, 14. Ib. CVII, 9; a. fr.—Taan. 24ᵃ רחמנא לִישַׂבְּעָךְ … דאַשְׂבְּעָן ברך the Lord satisfy thee, as thy son has satisfied us. Yoma 79ᵇ שַׂבּוּעֵי מְשַׂבְּעא is enough to satisfy the appetite. Gitt. 70ᵃ תמרי מְשַׂבְּעַן וכ׳ dates satisfy, heat &c.; Keth. 10ᵇ; a. e. *. אִסְתַּבַּע (cmp. צָבָה) to be swollen. Esth. R. to III, 14 א׳ קרסוליה (omitted in Yalk. ib. 1056) his ankle was swollen. ↗ expanded

שָׂבָע , v. שׂוֹבַע, שׂוֹבְעָא, a. סִבְעָא. ↗ expanded

שַׁבְעָא , v. שְׁבע I ↗ expanded

שִׁבְעָה , v. שֶׁבַע ↗ expanded

שְׁבַעְתָּא week, v. שָׁבוּעָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁבַעְתֵּי , seven, v. שְׁבַע I. ↗ expanded

שָׁבַץ (b. h.), Pi. שִׁבֵּץ (cmp. שָׁבִיס; Syr. שבץ confudit, miscuit) to interweave; to checker, adorn vessels with designs. Ḥull. 25ᵃ, sq.; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. II, 10 כל שהוא עתיד … לשַׁבֵּץ any unfinished vessel which is … to be adorned with designs. ↗ expanded

*שָׁבַק = next w. Pesik. R. s. 44 שָׁבְקוֹ בבית וכ׳ leave him in prison, and let him be famished &c.; (Yalk. Hos. 531 חובשהו, not חבשוהו, v. חָבַשׁ). ↗ expanded

שְׁבַק (corresp. to h. עָזַב) to leave, let go; to forsake, abandon; to leave behind; to bequeath. Targ. Jer. LI, 9. Targ. Ex. XXIII, 5. Targ. Jud. XVI, 26 (h. text הניחה); a. v. fr.—Part. pass. שְׁבִיק; f. שְׁבִיקָא, שְׁבִיקְתָּא; pl. שְׁבִיקִין; שְׁבִיקָתָא, שְׁבִיקָן. Targ. Jer. LI, 5 (h. text אלמן). Targ. Ez. XXXVI, 4. Ib. XLI, 9; 11 (h. text מֻנָּח); a. fr.—Y. Nidd. II, end, 50ᵇ אמר שׁוֹבְקְתֵיה לצפרא he said (to the woman), leave it (with me) for the morning. Sabb. 32ᵃ שַׁבְקֵיה וכ׳, v. רַוְיָא. Yoma 12ᵃ למִישְׁבַּק, v. אוּשְׁפִּיזָא. Arakh. 22ᵃ מי שַׁבְקִינָן מזוני וכ׳ shall we leave the alimony (which the widow receives out of the estate, as long as her dowry is not satisfied) unguarded? Ib. מי שבקינן ליה do we allow him (to take interest)? B. Bath. 125ᵃ לאו הני מעות ש׳ אבוהון it is not these coins that their father left them (when he died). Gitt. 37ᵇ, a. fr. (לא שבק) לא שָׁבֵיק (אינש) וכ׳, v. הֶיתֵּרָא. Bekh. 24ᵃ במקום דידה לא שַׁבְקָה דידה וכ׳ when the dam has her own child, she will not neglect her own and give suck to a strange animal. B. Mets. 92ᵃ לא ש׳ איסי חיי וכ׳ Isi would let no man live, i.e. with such a law humanity could not exist; B. Kam. 91ᵇ א"כ לא שַׁבְקַת חיי וכ׳ if this were the law, thou wouldst let no creature exist; a. fr. to remit, pardon, forgive. Targ. Gen. XVIII, 24. Targ. Num. XIV, 19; a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 5, end יאי … דשָׁבֵיק לחובין וכ׳ it is becoming the great God to remit great sins; a. e.—Part. pass. as ab. Ib. הא שרי לך והא שביק לך this is remitted to thee, and this is forgiven thee; a. e. to let go, send away, divorce. Gen. R. s. 17 שְׁבוֹקָא ההיא אנתתא מינך וכ׳ send that woman away, for she does thee no honor; ib. שַׁבְקָהּ להדא וכ׳ send that bad woman away; ib. לית בידי מה אֶשְׁבּוֹק לה I have not the means to divorce her (to give her her dowry); ib. לית בי מה אשבוק לה; Lev. R. s. 34 לית בי מִשְׁבַּק לה; (Yalk. Is. 352 לית לי ממרקא לה, v. מְרַק); Y. Keth. XI, 34ᵇ bot. שיבקה דלית וכ׳ (read: שׁוֹבְקָהּ or שׁבְּקָהּ Pa.) send her away &c.; a. e. Pa. שַׁבֵּק, Af. אַשְׁבֵּיק same, to divorce. Gen. R. l. c. אנן יהבינן לה פורנא ושַׁבַּק יתה מינך (not ושבקית) we shall give her her dowry, and divorce thou her. Ib. ושַׁבַּקְתָּהּ מיניה (some ed. וש׳ יתה) and he divorced her; Lev. R. l. c. ושבקיה (corr. acc.); Y. Keth. l. c.; Yalk. Lev. 665. Y. Keth. VI, beg. 30ᶜ הן דמַשְׁבֵּיק וכ׳ he who divorces his wife and does not pay off &c., v. מְרַק. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּבַּק, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּבִיק to be let alone, be allowed. Koh. R. to V, 11 אוף למידמוך לית אנן מִישְׁתַּבְּקִין we are not even allowed to sleep. to be remitted; to be forgiven. Targ. Gen. IV, 7. Targ. Lev. IV, 20; a. fr. to be divorced. Cant. R. to I, 4 בעיין למִשְׁתַּבְּקָא דין מדין they wanted to be divorced from each other. to be forsaken, abandoned. Targ. Jer. XLIX, 11 תשתבקון (ed. Wil. תשבקתון, corr. acc.). Ib. 25. Targ. Is. XVII, 9; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁבְקָא (preced.) [abandoned,] undressed vine. Targ. O. Lev. XXV, 5 (h. text נזיר־).—Pl. שִׁבְקִין, שַׁ׳. Ib. 11 שִׁבְקָהָא (ed. Vien. שַׁ׳). isolated, single shoot.—Pl. as ab. Targ. Ez. XVII, 6 שַׁ׳ ed. Wil. (ed. Lag. שִׁיבְ׳; h. text בדים). ↗ expanded

שִׁבְקָא ² (preced. wds.) heirloom; (sub. בעל) testator.—Pl. שׁבְקַיָּיא, שִׁי׳. Arakh. 22ᵃ יתמי … בתר שִׁיבְקַיְיהוּ heirs that enjoy what is not theirs will follow those who left them the (ill-gotten) goods; B. Mets. 70ᵃ שִׁיבְקַיְהוּ. ↗ expanded

שֵׂבֶר , v. סֵבֶר ↗ expanded

שְׂבַר , Poël שׂוֹבַר, v. סְבַר II. ↗ expanded

שָׁבַר 1 (b. h.) to break. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵈ (play on אכל תשברו, Deut. II, 6) באכל תִּשְׁבְּרוֹ האכלתו שְׁבַרְתּוֹ with food break him (his ill-will); when thou hast given him to eat, thou hast broken him; אם היה קשה עליך באכל תשברו וכ׳ if he is hard on thee, break him with food, and if not (if thou succeedest not with food), heap silver upon him; Y. Sabb. I, 3ᶜ bot. Tanḥ. Sh’laḥ. 9 נתכוונו … לִשְׁבּוֹר לבן וכ׳ the spies intended to break the heart (courage) of the Israelites (ref. to ויניאו, Num. XXXII, 9). Tosef. B. Mets. II, 26 אוהבו … כדי לשבור את לבו if a friend requires help for loading, and an enemy for unloading (to relieve the broken down beast of burden), it is commended to help the enemy in order to break his heart (hatred); (B. Mets. 32ᵇ כדי לכוף את יצרו). Pesik. Eth Korb., p. 59ᵇ נטל את הטבלא … ושְׁבָרָהּ he took the plate … and shattered it. Ex. R. s. 18 (ref. to Ps. LXXVII, 7) נזכרת אני את השברים שהיית שׁוֹבֵר וכ׳ I remember the breaks with which thou brokest (the calamities with which thou didst visit) the empires for me by night; בא … שָׁבַרְתָּ וכ׳ Sennacherib came upon me, thou brokest him at night (v. infra Hof.); a. v. fr.—Y. Shebi. VIII, beg. 37ᵈ כל מדרש שאתה דורש ושׁוֹבֵר וכ׳ a textual interpretation which you introduce, and by which you break (upset partially) a previous interpretation of the same verse, is no legitimate interpretation. Tanḥ. Vayera 13 סופו … שובר את ראשו the end of the verse breaks (contradicts) its beginning. Cant. R. to VII, 9 (expl. דתבריא, Dan. III, 2) the scholars (scholastici) are called d’thabraya (v. תְּבַר), שהם שׁוֹבְרִים הדברים because they break (twist out of joint) the words (of the law).—Part. pass. שָׁבוּר, f. שְׁבוּרָה having a broken limb, injured. B. Mets. I, 4 רצין … אחר צבי ש׳ running … after a wounded deer. Ib. 94ᵇ ש׳ ומתה a borrowed animal that was injured or that died. Ib. נשבעין על הש׳ must make oath concerning an injured animal in their charge; a. fr.—2) (denom. of שׁוֹבֵר) to give a receipt; to acknowledge payment; to acquit. Tosef. Keth. IV, 11 שָׁבְרָה לו (על) מקצת כתובתה שברה לו אל כולה if she gave him a receipt for a portion of her jointure, she has released him of all obligations of the marriage contract. Ib. IX, 1 כונסה … והיא שׁוֹבֶרֶת לו וכ׳ he marries her and divorces her (and remarries her), and she gives him a receipt for her jointure (by which act the mortgage on the entire estate is cancelled); Y. ib. VIII, 32ᵇ bot.; Y. Yeb. IV, 5ᵈ; a. fr. Pi. שִׁבֵּר to break. Sabb. 105ᵇ המקרע … והמְשַׁבֵּר כליו וכ׳ he who in his anger tears his garment or breaks his vessels, … let him be in thy sight like an idolater; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּבָּר. Pesik. R. s. 17 (ref. to Job I, 15) מש׳ ומלוקה היה he (that escaped) was broken of limbs and smitten; Ruth R. to I, 5; Lev. R. s. 17 מוּשְׁבָּר; Yalk. Job 892 מושבר. Hof. הוּשְׁבַּר to be broken. Pesik. Vattom., p. 129ᵇ (ref. to Ps. LXXVII, 7) נזכרת אני שֶׁבֶר שהוּשְׁבַּרְתִּי וכ׳ (not שכר שהושכ׳) I remember how I was broken (crushed) among the empires (v. supra); Lam. R. to I, 2 שהָשְׁבַּרְתִּי … בלילן וכ׳ how I was broken before thee in the night of persecution by the empires; Yalk. Ps. 816; a. fr.—Part. מוּשְׁבָּר, v. supra. Nif. נִשְׁבָּר, Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּבֵּר, , Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּבֵּר same. B. Mets. VI, 4. Kel. III, 3 ונִשְׁבְּרָה and was again broken. Ib. XI, 1 נִשְׁבְּרוּ טהרו when they are broken, they are no longer susceptible of uncleanness. Gen. R. s. 91 נִשְׁתַּבְּרוּ שיניהם their teeth were broken (fell out). Y. Kidd. I, beg. 58ᵇ נשבר קל וחומר the conclusion a minori is impaired. Ab. Zar. 50ᵇ, sq. זריקה מִשְׁתַּבֶּרֶת an interrupted throwing, i.e. sprinkling a liquid, but not throwing a solid object; a. fr.—Treat. Der. Er. ch. X מִשְׁתַּבֵּר על השיש ‘has his limbs broken’ (a sort of massage) on the marble floor (in the bath-house, in the presence of other people). ↗ expanded

שָׁבַר 2 to buy provisions. Gen. R. s. 91 אף … לִשְׁבָּר אוכל Joseph, too, knew that his brothers were coming down to Egypt to buy food; ib. כל מי שנכנס לִשְׁבּוֹר וכ׳ let whomsoever enters (Egypt) to buy food register his name &c; Tanḥ. Mikk. 8. Hif. הִשְׁבִּיר to sell provisions, to supply. Ib. (ref. to מַשְׁבִּיר, Prov. XI, 26) זה יוסף שזן וכ׳ that means Joseph who sustained the world &c.; Gen. R. l. c.; a. e.—[Tanḥ. ed. Bub. Vayesheb 13 משביר אותו, read: מַשְׂכִּיר.] ↗ expanded

שֶׁבֶר 1 break, fracture. Sabb. XXII, 6 אין מחזירין את הש׳ you must not set a fracture (on the Sabbath). T’bul Yom IV, 7 שלום מן הש׳ וכ׳ (he meant) that it will be brought up in safety without being broken and without being spilt; Y. Ter. II, 41ᶜ top; a. e.—Trnsf. destruction, calamity. Gen. R. s. 91 (play on שֶׁבֶר, Gen. XLII, 1, a. סֵבֶר) כי יש ש׳ זה הרעב כי יש סבר זה השבע וכ׳ ‘that there is a calamity’, that means the famine; ‘that there is brightness’, that means plenty &c. Ib. והלא כבר נאמר ותרעב … יש ש׳ has it not been said before, ‘and all the land of Egypt was hungry’? what is meant by ‘there is a calamity in Egypt’? &c. Pesik. Vattom., p. 129ᵇ (not שכר); Yalk. Ps. 816, v. שָׁבַר I; a. e.—Pl. שְׁבָרִים, constr. שִׁבְרֵי. Gen. R. s. 30 (ref. to Job XII, 5) שהיו מוכנים לשני ש׳ לשבר מלמעלן וכ׳ they were predestined for two calamities, for destruction from above (rain), and for destruction from below (rise of the deeps). Ex. R. s. 18, v. שָׁבַר I. Kel. XI, 3, a. fr. שברי כלים fragments of vessels, broken vessels. B. Bath. 14ᵇ שברי לוחות the tablets broken by Moses. Ber. 8ᵇ הזהרו בזקן … לוחות ושברי וכ׳ be careful not to despise an old man that has forgotten his learning through no fault of his, for we are told, the (whole) tablets and the broken ones were deposited in the Ark; Men. 99ᵃ; a. fr. a broken ejaculation, sigh, esp. the broken disconnected sounds produced on the Shofar. Y. Taan. II, 65ᵇ top (play on אֵד, Gen. II, 6) עלה ש׳ מלמטן וכ׳ when the broken tune (at the prayer meeting) rises from below, at once the rain comes down.—Pl. as ab. R. Hash. 34ᵃ שיעור תרועה כשלשה ש׳ the value of a t’ruʿah (a succession of tremulous sounds) is equal to three sh’barim. Ib. אתקין … שלשה ש׳ תרועה וכ׳ R. Abbahu introduced in Cæsaræa (for the New Year’s Day) the blowing of a t’ḳiʿah (a succession of connected notes), three sh’barim, a tr’uʿah, and a t’ḳi‘ah; a. e. ↗ expanded

שֶׁבֶר 2 ; ש׳ רעבון, v. Gen. XLII, 19 a. 33, cmp. Ps. CIV, 11; v. Ehrlich Miḳra ki-Pheschuṭô, p. 114 sq.) (sale of) provisions (in time of famine). Gen. R. s. 91 מפני … יש אוכל במצרים שאמר הכתוב יש ש׳ וכ׳ why does not the Scripture say (Gen. XLII, 1) ‘there was okhel (food) in Egypt? (why is it) that the text says, ‘there was sheber’? ↗ expanded

שִׁבַר (denom. of בַּר II, בְּרָא) [boy, Syr.,] simple, foolish (corresp. to h. פֶּתִי). Targ. Prov. IX, 4 (some ed. שכר, corr. acc.). Ib. XIV, 15. Targ. Job V, 2 (ed. Wil. שְׁבִירָא). Targ. Ps. XIX, 8 (ed. Lag. שִׁיבְרָא; ed. Wil. שִׂבְ׳, corr. acc.); a. e.—Pl. שַׁבְרֵי. Targ. Prov. I, 4; 22; 32; a. fr.—Fem. שְׁבַרְתָּא. Ib. IX, 13 (ed. Wil. שִׁבְרָתָה; some ed. שכ׳, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שִׁבְרָא (cmp. שַׁבְרִירַיָּא) mullein, a plant the woolly leaves of which are used for wicks (φλόμος λυχνῖτις or θρυαλλίς; v. Löw Pfl., p. 67). Sabb. 20ᵇ, expl. פתילת המדבר (ed. Sonc. שִׁיבְרָא, oth. early ed. שׁוּבְ׳). ↗ expanded

שַׁבְרָה (cmp. שַׁבְרִירַיָּא) blinking. Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵈ עיינה הוות ש׳ one of her eyes was blinking. ↗ expanded

שִׁבָּרוֹן (שָׁבַר II) sale of provisions, market price. Gen. R. s. 8 שואלין אלו לאלו מה ש׳ נעשה היום they (going in) ask those (coming out), how was the market to-day?; Yalk. Job 907. ↗ expanded

שַׁבְרוּתָא (שְׁבַר) simplicity. Targ. Prov. I, 22. ↗ expanded

שַׁבְרִיר (cmp. next wd.) name of a certain animal living in the water, water snake (?).—Pl. שַׁבְרִירִים, שַׁבְרִירִין. Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 6; Yalk. Ex. 286. ↗ expanded

שַׁבְרִירֵי (= שבהר׳, v. שַׁבְהַר; cmp. חִיוַּרְוָרַיָּא a. סַנְוֵור) being dazzled, blinking, temporary blindness, loss of direction. Targ. O. Gen. XIX, 11 (ed. Berl. שַׁבְרָרַיָּא). Targ. II Kings VI, 18.—Yoma 28ᵇ ש׳ דשמשא וכ׳ the dazzling sun-light coming through cracks or breaks in the clouds is worse than the uncovered sun. Gitt. 69ᵃ ש׳ דיממא sudden blindness occurring in day-time (from dazzling light). Ib. ש׳ דליליא blindness occurring at night (believed to be caused by a demon living in the water or in water vessels. Ib. (an incantation for blindness) ש׳ דפלוני וכ׳ shabriré of N, son of N, leave &c. Ab. Zar. 12ᵇ; Pes. 112ᵃ סכנת ש׳ the danger of getting blind (from drinking at night). Ib. (an incantation against thirst at night) נימא איהו … מש׳ ש׳ ברירי וכ׳ let him say to himself, N, son of N, my [thy] mother told me, be on guard against shabriré: shabriré, b’riré, riré yiré, ré ↗ expanded

שָׁבַשׁ (= שבשב, cmp. שׁוֹבָב) to run in all directions, blunder. Pi. שִׁבֵּשׁ to entangle, confound; part. pass. מְשׁוּבָּשׁ; f. מְשׁוּבֶּשֶׁת thrown into confusion. Yeb. XVI, 7, v. גַּיָּיס. Lev. R. s. 35; Cant. R. to VI, 11. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּבֵּשׁ to be entangled. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 11 וטלפות סוסיהן מִשְׁתַּבְּשׁוֹת ed. Bub. (oth. ed. משתמטות) and the hoofs of their horses were entangled (caught in the mud). ↗ expanded

שְׁבַשׁ , Pa. שַׁבֵּישׁ (denom. of שִׁבְשָׁא) to branch off, send forth branches. Targ. Ps. LXXX, 12 שַׁבֵּישְׁתָּא Ms. (ed. Wil. שְׁבֵשַׁת, Pe.). to cut branches, harvest grapes. B. Mets. 73ᵃ, v. שַׁבָּשָׁא. (v. preced.) to entangle, confound, overpower. Targ. Jer. XX, 7 (h. text פתה); Targ. II Esth. I, 2. Targ. Koh. V, 1.—Part. pass. מְשַׁבַּשׁ; pl. מְשַׁבְּשִׁין. Targ. Job XL, 17 (Ms. מִשְׁתַּבְּשִׁין Ithpa.; h. text ישרגו).—Yeb. 75ᵇ לשַׁבּוּשֵׁיה למרימר וכ׳ he only wanted to confuse M’remar (test his ingenuity). Ib. 108ᵇ איידי … אזל מְשַׁבֵּשׁ וכ׳ because she is familiar with his hints and signs, he may confuse (have undue influence over) her and remarry her. Ib. הא כבר שַׁבְּשָׁהּ ולא אִישַּׁבְּשָׁא (not שבשא) he has before tried to influence her, and she was not influenced. Ned. 89ᵇ שַׁבְּשֵׁיה ואנסביה וכ׳ (not ואינסיב, Rashi שיבשיה) he persuaded him and made him take a wife. Ithpa. אִישְׁתַּבַּשׁ, אִישַּׁבַּשׁ to be entangled. Targ. Lam. I, 14 (ed. Lag. a. oth. אתיבשו, oth. ed. איתבשו, corr. acc.; h. text ישתרגו). to be confounded. Targ. Jer. l. c. (h. text ואפת). Ib. L, 36 (h. text נֹאָלוּ). Targ. Ez. XXIV, 10.—Yeb. l. c., אִישַּׁבְּשָׁא (marg. corr. אִשְׁתַּבְּשָׁא), v. supra.—Esp. to blunder, be mistaken. Pes. 17ᵃ אישתבש כהני the answer of the priests was erroneous. Shebu. 28ᵇ אִישְׁתַּבְּשַׁת thou art mistaken; Zeb. 26ᵃ.—V. מְשַׁבֶּשְׁתָּא. ↗ expanded

שֵׁבֶשׁ m., pl. שִׁבְשִׁין = next w. Yalk. Ez. 362, v. שַׁבְטוּטִין ↗ expanded

שִׁבְשָׁא (preced. wds.) ramification, branch. Targ. Job XV, 30.—Y. Peah I, 15ᵈ bot. נחתת … כעין ש׳ דנור וכ׳ a fire came down from heaven, and it took the shape of a branch of fire between the bier and the people, v. שַׁבְשָׁבָה. B. Mets. 73ᵃ, v. next w.—Pl. שִׁבְשִׁין, שִׁבְשַׁיָּא, שִׁי׳. Targ. O. Gen. XL, 10; 12. Targ. Joel I, 7 (ed. Wil. שַׁבְּשָׁהָא). Targ. Lam. I, 14; a. e.—Gen. R. s. 59 הוה מרקד אתלת ש׳ used to dance (before bridal couples) with three branches; Keth. 17ᵃ מרקד אתלת (add: ש׳). Gen. R. l. c. דהוה לקיט מינהון ש׳ וכ׳ because he took branches from them and danced &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁבָּשָׁא (preced.) he that cuts the vines, i.e. he that advances money on the grapes on the vines; in gen. he that buys produce in the field; [Rashi: he that advances seed grain to be returned in new grain].—Pl. constr. שַׁבָּשֵׁי. B. Mets. 73ᵃ שַׁבָּשׁי שִׁבְשָׁא Ar. a. Rashi (ed. דשַׁבְשֵׁי שבשא, Ms. H. דמְשַׁבְּשֵׁי, v. שְׁבַשׁ.) ↗ expanded

שִׁבְשֵׁב (preced. wds.) to plait branches. Y. Sot. IX, 24ᵇ bot. ר׳ ירמיה שי׳ ולבש עטרה וכ׳ R. J. plaited and put on a crown of olive branches (in honor of a bridal couple).—[Lam. R. to V, 16 ר׳ ירמיה דשבשב, some ed. דשבשבת, v. שְׁבִשְׁתָּא.] ↗ expanded

שַׁבְשֵׁב (preced., v. שְׁבַשׁ) to drive shoots, sprout. Targ. Job XIV, 7 (h. text יחליף). ↗ expanded

שַׁבְשָׁבָה (preced.) branch, shoot. Gen. R. s. 59 נחתת ש׳ דנור ואתעבידת כמו ש׳ דהדס וכ׳ a branch of fire came down and assumed the shape of a myrtle branch, and separated the bier from the people, v. שִׂבְּשָׁא. ↗ expanded

שַׁבְשׁוּשִׁין (preced.) branches, shoots, v. שַׁבְטוּטִין. ↗ expanded

שְׁבִשְׁתָּא (preced. wds.) shoot, twig. Targ. Ez. XV, 2 (h. text זמורה). Ib. XVII, 4 (h. text יניקות).—Ber. 5ᵇ שמיע לן … וכ׳ Ar. (ed. שְׁבִישָׁא) we have heard that you allow your tenant no share in the vines (when they are cut). Y. Peah I, 15ᵈ הוה נסיב שיבשתיה וכ׳ (read: שְׁבִישְׁתָּא or שְׁבִישָׁתָה pl.) used to take a branch (branches) and dance in front of bridal processions; ib. דקמת ליה שְׁבִישְׁתֵּיה the merit of his (carrying the) twigs (or of his folly, v. שׁוֹטִיתָא) stood by him (at his funeral, when lightning in the shape of a twig came down, v. שִׁבְשָׁא a. שַׁבְשָׁבָה); Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᶜ top נסיב שׁוֹשִׁיבְתָּה (or שׁוֹשִׁיבָתָה pl.); ib. דעבדת ליה שושבתא, read: דעמדת ליה שׁוֹשַׁבְתֵּיה; Gen. R. s. 59 דקמת ליה שַׁבֶּשְׁתֵּיה.—Pl. שְׁבִישָׁתָא, שְׁבִשָׁ׳. Koh. R. to III, 11 (in Hebr. dict.) נתן להם ש׳ דהדס וכ׳ he gave them myrtle twigs (in place of swords and spears), and they smote one another &c.; ib. שבישותה של הדס (corr. acc.).—Koh. R. to X, 5 ר׳ ירמיה דש׳ וכ׳ ‘R. Jeremiah of the branch’ (so surnamed for his manner of dancing before bridal couples) took a crown of olive branches &c. (v. שִׁבְשׁב); Lam. R. to V, 16 דשבשב (some ed. דשבשבת). confusion, mistake. B. Mets. 96ᵇ, a. e. לפום חורפא ש׳, v. חִוּרְפָּא. Pes. 112ᵃ, a. e. ש׳ כיון דעל וכ׳, v. עוּל. ↗ expanded

שֶׁבֶת 1 c. (v. Löw Pfl., p. 373) dill. Ukts. III, 4 הש׳ משנתן טעמו וכ׳ (Ar. משנתנה טעמה) the dill stalk after having given its taste to a dish; Ber. 39ᵃ. Maasr. IV, 5 הש׳ מתעשרת וכ׳ dill must be tithed as seed &c., v. עָשַׂר; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֶׁבֶת 2 seat. Esth. R. to I, 2 מקום הש׳ the place of the throne. Ib. כדי שיהא המלך יושב בש׳ וכ׳ so that the king might be seated in the chair with the crown &c. Nidd. 16ᵇ, v. מָרוֹם; a. e. sitting idle, indemnity for loss of time (Ex. XXI, 19). B. Kam. VIII, 1 ש׳ רואין אותו וכ׳ to estimate indemnity for loss of time, we consider the person concerned, as if he were a watchman in a cucumber field. Ib. 85ᵃ דמי שִׁבְתּוֹ indemnity for his enforced idleness. Ib. שבתו ורפואתו כל שחייב בש׳ וכ׳ the text places on parallel lines indemnity for loss of time and healing expenses: whenever one is bound to pay for loss of time, one is bound to pay for healing. Ib. 86ᵃ ש׳ גדולה וש׳ קטנה the larger indemnity (for the permanent incapacitation, e.g. the value of the earning capacity of a maimed hand), and the smaller indemnity (for the time of sickness); Gitt. 42ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. (ch.) שִׁבְּתִּין. Y. B. Kam. VIII, 6ᵇ bot. תרין ש׳ אינון there are two kinds of indemnity for incapacitation (the larger and the smaller, v. supra). ↗ expanded

שָׁבַת (b. h.) to rest, cease; esp. to observe the Sabbath, Lam. R. to V, 14 (expl. מנגינתם, ib.) מזמריהון שָׁבְתוּ they ceased from their songs. Ib. to I, 7 (ref. to משבתיה, ib.) זה … שש׳ מתוכה this refers to R. J. b. Z. who ceased from staying within her (who left Jerusalem during the siege). Snh. 58ᵇ נכרי שש׳ וכ׳ a gentile that rests from work (on any day) deserves death. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᶜ bot. כבר ש׳ וכ׳ R. Ḥ. has already begun the Sabbath observance in his town. Y. Sabb. XV, 15ᵃ bot. שבת לה׳ שְׁבוֹת כה׳ מה הקב"ה ש׳ ממאמר אף את שבות ממאמר ‘a Sabbath unto the Lord’ (Ex. XX, 10), rest like the Lord, as God rested from speech, so do thou rest from speech (planning work). Ned. III, 10 הנודר משׁוֹבְתֵי שבת וכ׳ he who forswears benefit at the hands of those who rest on the Sabbath, is forbidden to receive benefits from Jews and from Samaritans; a. fr.—Pes. 54ᵃ אור שש׳ a light which burned during the entire Sabbath (having been kindled on the Sabbath eve). Men. 21ᵃ (ref. to תשבית, Lev. II, 13) מלח שאינה שׁוֹבֶתֶת וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שובתה) a kind of salt which has no Sabbath (is generated at all times), which is Sodom salt (v. מֶלַח). to stay over the Sabbath; (of scholars) to deliver the Sabbath lecture. Peah VIII, 7 ש׳ נותנין לו מזון וכ׳ where the transient poor makes his Sabbath station, you must give him food for three meals; Sabb. 118ᵃ; B. Bath. 9ᵃ. Mekh. Bo, s. 16 כבר שָׂבְתוּ … ולא ש׳ וכ׳ once the disciples made their Sabbath station at Jabneh, but R. J. did not stay there. Ib. ומי ש׳ שם and who lectured there?; אפשר שש׳ ר׳ וכ׳ is it possible that R. El. b. Az. lectured without sayîng something novel?; Y. Ḥag. I, beg. 75ᵈ; Y. Sot. III, 18ᵈ bot.; a. fr. (v. שְׁבִיתָה) to appoint a Sabbath camp as the center for Sabbath movements. Pes. III, 7 (49ᵃ) ההולך … לִשְׁבּוֹת שביתת הרשות if a person goes away from home … in order to transfer his Sabbath camp for some secular (social) purpose. Erub. 51ᵃ לשׁוֹבְתֵי שבת for those who appoint a Sabbath camp (when on the road near the beginning of the Sabbath), v. פֵּאָה; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁבוּת allowed to rest, abandoned. Sifra B’har, Par. 1, ch. I (ref. to שבת הארץ, Lev. XXV, 6) מן הש׳ בארץ … מן השמור thou mayest (in the Sabbatical year) eat of what is abandoned in the earth (that which grows without special cultivation, manuring &c.), but not of what is watched in the earth (of a field more than ordinarily ploughed); Yalk. Lev. 659. Hif. הִשְׁבִּית to cause to cease, remove. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᵈ bot. שתשבור ותַשְׁבִּית עולו וכ׳ that thou mayest break and remove the yoke of the evil inclination &c.; ib. שתַּשְׁבִּיתֵהוּ מעלינו וכ׳ that thou mayest remove it (the leaven of evil) from within us &c.—V. הַשְׁבָּתָה. ↗ expanded

שְׁבַת , to rest; to observe the Sabbath. Targ. Ex. XXXI, 17. Targ. O. ib. XVI, 30 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. נחו). Targ. Y. Lev. XXIII, 32.—Y. Maas. Sh. V, 56ᵃ top ונחית שָׁבֵית בבייתיה and went down to observe the Sabbath in his own house; ib. הוו סלקון שַׁבְתוּן וכ׳ went up and celebrated the Sabbath at the Temple; Lam. R. to III, 9 ושבחן (read: ושַׁבְתָן).—[Y. Maas. Sh. l. c. סליק ש׳, read: שבח, v. שְׁבַח I.] ↗ expanded

שַׁבָּת preced.) day of rest, Sabbath.—שַׁבַּת בראשית, v. בְּרֵאשִׁית. Sabb. I, 1 יציאות הש׳ the laws concerning the carrying of objects from one territory (רָשׁוּת) to another on the Sabbath, v. הוֹצָאָה. Ib. 2ᵇ הכא דעיקר ש׳ הוא here where the Sabbath law is the main subject. Ib. 10ᵇ מתנה … וש׳ שמה I have a precious gift in my treasury, its name is Sabbath. Ib. 119ᵃ תבלין … וש׳ שמו וכ׳ we (Jews) have a certain spice, its name is Sabbath, which we put into it (the Sabbath dish), and its flavor spreads, Ib. 117ᵇ בש׳ חייב אדם לבצוע וכ׳ on the Sabbath one must break bread (say the blessing) over two loaves. Ib. לעולם … להוצאת ש׳ one should always be early in making the purchases for the Sabbath. Ib. 118ᵃ עשה שַׁבַּתְּךָ וכ׳, v. צָרַךְ. Ib. 119ᵃ בואו … ש׳ המלכה come ye, and let us go forth to meet queen Sabbath. Ib.ᵇ שני … בערב ש׳ מבית וכ׳ two ministering angels escort man on the Sabbath eve from the synagogue to his house; מלאך … שתהא לש׳ אחרת כך וכ׳ the good angel says, may it be thus the next Sabbath, and the evil angel says Amen against his will. Ib. לא חרבה … את הש׳ Jerusalem was destroyed for no other reason than because they desecrated the Sabbath there. Mekh. Ki Thissa לכם ש׳ מסורה וכ׳, v. מָסַר. R. Hash. IV, 1 שחל להיות בש׳ which falls on a Sabbath day; a. v. fr.—Ber. 28ᵃ, a. e. ש׳ של מי היתה whose Sabbath was it, i.e. whose turn to preach was it?—Pl. שַׁבָּתוֹת. Sabb. l. c. אילמלי … שתי ש׳ וכ׳ if Israel were to observe two Sabbaths properly, they would at once be redeemed. Yeb. 93ᵃ ש׳ וימים טובים Sabbaths and festivals; Keth. 110ᵇ; a. v. fr. week. Ned. VIII, 1 ש׳ זו אסור בכל הש׳ וש׳ שעברה (if one says on a Sabbath day, ‘I vow abstinence from wine) this Sabbath’, he is forbidden to drink wine the whole (incoming) week and the week just expiring. Men. 65ᵇ באמצע ש׳ during the week, opp. בשבת on the Sabbath day; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Is. 66ᵃ אימתי … שבע ש׳ תמימות וכ׳ when do you find seven complete weeks (between Passover and Shabuoth)? When you begin to count from the evening. Pesik. Haʿom., p. 69ᵇ באלו שבע ש׳ וכ׳ during those seven weeks between Passover &c.; a. fr.—שַׁבָּת Sabbath, name of a treatise, of the Order of Moʿed, of the Mishnah, Tosefta, Talmud Babli and Y’rushalmi. ↗ expanded

שַׁבְּתָא Sabbath. Targ. Ex. XVI, 25, sq. Targ. Y. ib. 23 שַׁבָּא שַׁבַּת קודשא (O. שְׁבָתָא שְׁבַת ק׳, ed. Berl. שַׁבָּא שְׁבָתָא ק׳, v. next w.). Targ. Is. LVIII, 13; a. fr.—Ber. 28ᵃ גדרוש מר חדא ש׳ וכ׳ shall one (of them) preach one Sabbath, and the other the next Sabbath (alternately)? There will be jealousy. Sabb. 119ᵃ דיזיף ש׳, v. יְזַף. 118ᵃ, a. fr. מעלי ש׳, v. מֵעֲלָא. Gitt. 38ᵇ דקבעי … בש׳ וכ׳ who have their meals on the Sabbath during lecturing hours. Y. Ber. II, 5ᵇ bot. חזיא … בשו׳ וכ׳ saw mourners on the Sabbath, and saluted them; a. fr.—Pl. שַׁבְּתַיָּא, שַׁבְּתֵי. Targ. Hos. II, 13 שַׁבְּתָהָא (ed. Wil. שַׁבַּתָּ׳).—Ber. l. c. לדרוש … תלתא ש׳ וכ׳ let R. G. lecture three Sabbaths in succession, and R. El. b. Az. every fourth Sabbath. Snh. 67ᵇ כל מעלי ש׳ (some ed. sing.) every Sabbath eve; a. e. week. Targ. Esth. II, 9; a. e.—Gen. R. s. 11 חד בש׳ the first day of the week; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁבָתָא (preced.) rest, solemn observance. Targ. O. Ex. XVI, 23 (h. text שבתון), v. preced. Ib. XXXI, 15 שַׁבָּא שְׁבָתָא ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. שְׁבַת שַׁבָּתָא; Y. שַׁבַּת שַׁבַּתָּא); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁבְתָא , v. שִׁיבְתָא, שִׁיבְּתָא. ↗ expanded

שַׁבְּתַאי (b. h.) pr. n. m. (b. h.) pr. n. m. Sabbethai. Yoma 83ᵃ; B. Bath. 90ᵇ ש׳ אצר פירי, v. אַצָּר. Bets. 32ᵇ ש׳ בר מרינוס. Y. Shebi. II, 34ᵃ ר׳ ש׳ דצדוקי (ed. Krot. שִׁי׳). Y. Succ. IV, end, 54ᵈ ר׳ שׁוּ׳. Y. Ḥall. II, 58ᶜ. Y. Snh. VIII, beg. 26ᵃ; Bab. Snh. 69ᵃ; a. fr. the planet Saturn. Sabb. 156ᵃ האי מאן דבש׳ יהי גבר דמחשבוהי בטלין Ms. O. (ed. מחשבתיה) he who was born under Saturn shall be a man whose plans will be frustrated (בטל being the Chald. equivalent of שָׁבַת). Gen. R. s. 10 יש מזל … והוא ש׳ there is a planet which completes its circuit in thirty years; it is Saturn. Pirké d’R. El. ch. VI יום רביעי ש׳ Saturn rules on the fourth day of the week. Pesik. R. s. 20; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁגָא , v. שָׁאגָא ↗ expanded

שְׁגָא , v. שְׁגֵי ↗ expanded

שָׂגַב to be high, exalted, strong. Pi. שִׂגֵּב to overpower (cmp. תָּקַף). Tem. 16ᵃ (ref. to לבלתי עצבי, I Chr. IV, 10) שלא יְשַׂגְּבֵנִי … מלשנות that the evil inclination may not have power over me so as to prevent me from studying; Yalk. Josh. 27 יסגפני (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שְׂגַבְיוֹן S’gabion. Tosef. Ter. II, 13 ש׳ ראש בית וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. שביון) S. chief of the synagogue of Achzib. ↗ expanded

שָׁגַג (b. h.) [to be excited, confounded,] to err, do wrong inadvertently; to act under a wrong impression. Ker. IV, 1 ש׳ … באיזה מהן ש׳ if he had connection with one of them under the impression that it was his wife, and it is unknown with which of them. Ib. II, 4 עשה בה את המזיד כשׁוֹגֵג with reference to her the law puts the wilful transgressor on a level with the inadvertent (obliging him to offer a sacrifice). Sabb. 69ᵃ ש׳ בשבת והזיד במלאכות, v. זִיד. Ib. או שש׳ במלאכות וכ׳ or he acted inadvertently with regard to labors (not knowing that such a labor was forbidden on the Sabbath), but consciously as regards the Sabbath. Ib. ש׳ בזה ובזה if he was in error as to both. Ib. עד שיִשְׁגּוֹג בלאו וכרת שבה he must be ignorant of the prohibition (לאו) and of the eventual punishment of extinction (כרת); a. v. fr. Hif. הֵשֵׁג to confound. Yalk. Gen. 146 מְשִׁיגִּין, v. שָׁגָה. ↗ expanded

שְׁגָגָה preced.) inadvertent act, error. Ker. I, 2 על אלו … ועל שִׁגְגָתָם חטאת for the following acts one incurs the punishment of extinction if wilfully committed, and is bound to bring a sin-offering if committed inadvertently. Ib. II, 2 אלו … הזדון כש׳ the following must offer a sacrifice for their wilful acts as if they were inadvertent ones. Sabb. 70ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) קרבן דחייב רחמנא אמאי אש׳ for what act does the Law demand a sacrifice? Only for an inadvertent act. Ib. 69ᵃ שִׁגְגַת קרבן שמה ש׳ ignorance as to eventual liability to a sacrifice is called inadvertency; Shebu. 26ᵇ. Ib. איזוהי שגגת שבועת וכ׳ how is inadvertency in a vain oath with regard to a past event possible?; a. v. fr.—M. Kat. 18ᵃ, a. fr. והואי כש׳ שיוצאה מלפני השליט (fr. Koh. X, 5) and it was as an error proceeding from the ruler, i.e. his ominous words, although not meant as such, came true.—Pl. שְׁגָגוֹת. Sabb. 70ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) התם חדא שגגה הכא טובא ש׳ הוייו there it is only one error, here there are several. B. Mets. 33ᵇ, v. זָרוֹן. Y. Shebu. I, 33ᵃ חטאתם אלו הש׳ ‘their sins’ (Lev. XVI, 21) this refers to inadvertent acts; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁגַגְתָּא —Pl. שִׁגְגָתָא. Lev. R. s. 5, end (ref. to Ps. XIX, 13) מן ש׳ דעבדית קמך (release me) from the inadvertent sins which I may have committed before thee; Midr. Till. to Ps. XIX שִׁגְיָיתָא (ed. Bub. שגיאותיו, read: שְׁגִיאוֹתַי). ↗ expanded

שגדונא , v. שִׁגְרוֹנָא ↗ expanded

שָׁגָה , v. שגי ↗ expanded

שִׁגּוּשׁ , v. sub שִׁיגּ׳. ↗ expanded

שָׁגוֹשָׁא (שְׁגַשׁ) disturber, mischief-maker. Targ. Prov. XXVI, 20 Ms. (ed. שִׁגּוּשָׁא; h. text נרגן). ↗ expanded

שִׁגּוּשְׁיָא , v. sub שִׁיגּ׳. ↗ expanded

שָׁגַח to be bright. Hif. הִשְׁגִּיחַ (cmp. נָבַט, Hif.) (with ב) to look at; to consider. Bets. III, 6 אין מַשְׁגִּיחִין בכף וכ׳ you must not look at the scales at all, i.e. on the Holy Day you dare not use the scales at all, even if you employ some substitute for weights; Y. ib. 62ᵃ bot.; Tosef. ib. III, 5. Ber. 52ᵃ אין משגיחין בבת קול we do not consider a voice from on high, i.e. we are not guided in our decisions by a bath ḳol (v. בַּת I); a. e. (with על) to look for, care for, mind. Y. Keth. VIII, 3ᵇ bot. ואין ברייה מַשְׁגַּחַת עליה and nobody will care for her (to assist her in her bereavement). Ber. 34ᵇ לא היו מַשְׁגִּיחִים עליו they would have paid no attention to his prayers. Snh. 99ᵃ כל מי שאינו מַשְׁגִּיחַ על המשנה he who disregards the Mishnah; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁגַח Af. אַשְׁגַּח same, to look. Targ. Cant. II, 9. to care for, mind. Targ. Job XXII, 2; a. e.—Y. B. Bath. V, beg. 15ᵃ בשדה בור דלא מַשְׁגַּח עליה in the case of an uncultivated field, about which the owner does not care (if people gather its spontaneous growth). Y. Snh. III, 21ᶜ top, גְּסַס. Ib. VI, 23ᵈ bot. מַשְׁגְּחִין רבנן מימר וכ׳ would the rabbis (you) mind to say a word of the Law? אמרו ליה א׳ מרן said they to him, would you mind? Y. Nidd. II, end, 50ᵇ מאי חמא רבי משגח עלינן וכ׳ what reason had the master (you) to care for us (consult our opinion) this day? Succ. 31ᵃ ולא א׳ בה, v. צְוַוח. Ib. ולא אַשְׁגְּחִיתוּ בה and you pay no attention to her? Gen. R. s. 32 לא א׳ ביה קרייה ולא אחשביה כלום the Biblical text paid no attention to it and did not consider it at all; Cant. R. to IV, 4 ולא א׳ ביה עילוי קרייה (strike out עילוי); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שגי to be confused; to reel; to err. Midr. Till. to Ps. VII אימתי ש׳ when did he (David) err? When Saul pursued him. Ib. ש׳ אדם וכ׳, v. infra; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁגָּה to cause to reel; to lead astray. Yalk. Ps. 829 מה הגפן הזו … וכסוף היא מגרה את קרנה וקרניה מַשְׁגִּין לאדם וכ׳ as in the case of the grape,—you cut it, and it is silent, you tread it, and it is silent, but at the end it stirs up its horns (like an angry bull), and its horns cause man to reel, and thrust him down; Yalk. Gen. 146 מְשִׁיגִּין (fr. שָׁגַג); Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXX, 9 (corr. acc.). Midr. Till. to Ps. VII (ref. to Job XII, 16) אם שגה אדם בדברי תורה דברי תורה משגון אותו if a man wants to go astray in the interpretation of the words of the Law, the words of the Law will lead him astray (ed. Bub. אם שגה אדם בדברי תורה משיגין אותו); a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁגֵי to reel, be intoxicated. Targ. Prov. XX, 1.—Yeb. 63ᵇ ש׳ נפל he reeled (from fright) and fell down. to err, deviate. Targ. Prov. XIX, 27; a. e. to be lost, missed. Targ. Num. XXXI, 49 (h. text נפקד). Targ. Jud. XXI, 3 (some ed. למסגי, corr. acc.). Targ. O. Gen. XXXI, 39. Targ. Zech. XI, 16; a. fr. Af. אַשְׁגֵּי to lead astray. Targ. Prov. XXVIII, 10.— to miss the aim. Targ. Jud. XX, 16 משנן (read: מַשְׁגָּן, v. Rashi). ↗ expanded

שַׂגִּי = סַגִּי. Lev. R. s. 9 (ed. Wil. ס׳); Yalk. Ps. 763, v. שׁוּם I ch. ↗ expanded

שְׁגִיאָה (שָׁגָה) error, inadvertency.—Pl. שְׁגִיאוֹת. Midr. Till, to Ps. VII ed. Bub. על כל ש׳ שעשיתי מחול וסלח לי forgive me and pardon me for all inadvertent wrongs that I may have committed. Midr. Till. to Ps. XIX שגיאותיו ed. Bub., v. שְׁגַגְתָּא. ↗ expanded

שִׁגְיְיתָא —Pl. שִׁגְיָיתָא. Midr. Till. to Ps. XIX, v. שְׁגַגְתָּא ↗ expanded

שַׁגִּישְׁיָא , v. שַׁגִּשְׁיָא ↗ expanded

שַׁגִּישְׁתָּא , v. שִׁיגּוּשְׁתָּא ↗ expanded

שְׁגִישְׁתָּא (שְׁגַשׁ) confused, bewildered. Gitt. 70ᵇ דעתא ש׳ היא his mind is confused (by the fear of death), opp. צילותא, v. צִילָא. ↗ expanded

שֵׁגָל king’s wife or mistress. R. Hash. 4ᵃ (ref. to Neh. II, 6) מאי ש׳ אמר … כלבתא what is shegal? Said Rabbah …, a she-dog. Ib. (ref. to Ps. XLV, 10) ואי ש׳ כלבתא היא וכ׳ if shegal meant dog, what good tidings did the prophet announce for Israel? Ib. לעולם ש׳ מלכתא היא וכ׳ shegal means in general queen, and that opinion of Rabbah … (as regards Neh. l. c.) is a tradition &c.—Pl. שִׁגְלוֹנוֹת (fr. שגלון). Snh. 95ᵇ ↗ expanded

שָׁגַם , Pi. שִׁיגֵּם (v. גָּמַם) to smooth, plane, polish. Kel. XXII, 10 הנסרים … ששִׁיגְּמָן the boards in a bath which one planed; (Maim.: which one joined with bamboo, v. next w.). to bend. Gen. R. s. 26 (play on בשגם, Gen. VI, 3) הרי אני מְשַׁגְּמָן ביסורין I will bend them through suffering; הריני משגמן אלו באלו (‘Rashi’ מְשַׁגְּשָׁן) I will bend them (break their power) one through the other; ib. ע"י שלא שִׁיגַּמְתִּי אותן וכ׳ because I had not bent them through suffering; Yalk. ib. 44. (. שׁוֹגֵם ) שֶׁגֶם m. (preced.) joint made of twisted reed (bamboo), hinge.—Pl. שְׁגָמִין or שִׁגְ׳, שׁוֹגְמִין. Gen. R. s. 26 (v. preced.) הדלת הזה מי מעמידו שְׁגָמָיו (or שִׁגְמָיו) what keeps the door in position? Its hinges. Kel. X, 6 עשאן בסינין או בשוג׳ (Ar. a. Bart. בשג׳) if he joined the boards with tenons or with hinges (Maim.: with bamboo, v. סֵן). ↗ expanded

שִׁגְמָא —Pl. שִׁגְמַיָּא, שִׁי׳. Koh. R. to IX, 18 (expl. האֹמְנוֹת, II Kings XVIII, 16) רבנן אמרי ש׳ the Rabbis say, it means the (gilt) hinges. ↗ expanded

שגנז , Yalk. Josh. 22, v. סִיגְנוּם ↗ expanded

שָׁגַר (Shaf. of גרר; cmp. נגר) to run, flow.—Part. pass. שָׁגוּר; f. שְׁגוּרָה fluent, spoken without hesitation. Ber. V, 5 אם ש׳ תפלתי וכ׳ if my prayer is fluent in my mouth, I know &c., v. טָרַף; Tosef. ib. III, 3 שָׁגְרָה ed. Zuck. (Var. שגורה).—[Cant. R. to I, 15 שוגרת, v. infra.] Pi. שִׁיגֵּר to speak with fluency. Ex. R. s. 9 כיון ששִׁיגְּרוּ … בפיהם וכ׳ when they recited (these verses) the whole night with fluency, they considered it a good sign &c. to make run, to send. Tanḥ. Mick. 8 תפוש … ושַׁגֵּר אותם לפני arrest them and send them up before me; Gen. R. s. 91. Ib. וש׳ בשבילם וכ׳ and sent (messengers) out for them to hunt them up &c. Tosef. Sabb. XIII (XIV), 9 ולהיפרכוס שלהן ש׳ לו וכ׳ and to their commander he sent a present of fifty denars. Ber. 51ᵃ, sq. מְשַׁגְּרוֹ לאנשי וכ׳ he sends it as a gift to his household. Snh. 59ᵇ אחד משגרו וכ׳ he sent out one (serpent) to the south &c. B. Bath. 146ᵃ. Sot. 35ᵇ שִׁגְּרוּ וכ׳, v. נוֹטָרִין a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּגָּר; f. מְשׁוּגֶּרֶת. Cant. R. to IV, 1, v. רוֹגְלִית; ib. to I, 15 שוגרת corr. acc.). Hif. הִשְׁגִּיר [to speak fluently,] to improvise a prayer, change the established form. Y. Ber. V, 9ᶜ שליח צבור שה׳ שתים וכ׳ if a reader improvises two or three sections (of the Prayer of Benedictions), we do not make him go back and recite the established form. ↗ expanded

שְׁגַר 1 to run, flow. Targ. Jer. XIII, 17 (ed. Wil. ותְשַׁגֵּד Pa., shed). Ib. IX, 17 (ed. Wil. Pa.). to drag. Ḥull. 51ᵃ דהוו שָׁגְרָן וכ׳ Tosaf. (ed. שדרן) they dragged their hind legs. Pa. שַׁגַּר to cause to run, shed tears. tears. Targ. Jer. l. c., v. supra. to send. Targ. Y. Ex. XXIII, 20. to cast; (of beasts) to give birth. Ib. XIII, 12 דמְשַׁגְּרָא (not דמִשַּׁ׳). Targ. Jer. XXII, 19.—Part. pass. מְשַׁגַּד; f. מְשַׁגְּרָא; pl. מְשַׁגְּרָן. Ib. VII, 33; XXXVI, 30. Targ. Deut. XXVIII, 26. Targ. Is. V, 25, a. e. Af. אַשְׁגַּר (neut. verb.) (neut. verb.) to run over. Y. Sabb. VIII, 9ᵇ bot. אַשְׁגְּרַת עיינה דר׳ וכ׳ R. Aḥa’s eye ran over the whole Torah, and he did not find (that the word מלאכה appeared 39 times). to cast an eye. Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵇ bot.; Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵃ bot. בהיא שעתא אַשְׁגְרִית עיניי וכ׳ (not עינוי) at that moment I let my eyes run (reviewed in my mind) the whole &c., v. תְּהִלָּה. to improvise, change the established form of a prayer. Y. Ber. V, 9ᶜ א׳ חד ברכה (read חדא) he changed one section of the Benedictions. Ib. א׳ מכניע זדים בסופה he changed the benediction which closes with makhniʿa zedim (the twelfth section) at the end of it. ↗ expanded

שְׁגַר 2 (preced.; cmp. גָּרָה) to heat. Targ. Ez. XXXIX, 9.—Sabb. 109ᵇ שָׁגְרָא תנורא וכ׳ she heated the oven and swept it &c.—Part. pass. שְׁגִיר; f. שְׁגִירָא. Yoma 29ᵃ תנורא ש׳ a hot oven (in which it is easy to kindle a fresh fire), opp. קְרִירָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁגַר 3 Sh’gar, one of Haman’s ancestors. Targ. Esth. V, 1; Targ. II Esth. III, 1. ↗ expanded

שֶׁגֶר [that which is cast,] birth, foetus, premature birth. Bekh. 3ᵃ (ref. to Ex. XIII, 12) פטר שגר בהמה ש׳ בהמה Rashi Var. ‘the first cast of an animal’, even the premature first birth of an animal is sacred; (ed. שֶׁגָּר בבהמה that which dwells in an animal).—2) run, flight (of a dove). B. Bath. II, 5 מלא ש׳ היונה a far as the dove flies (for food). ↗ expanded

שִׁגְרָא (שְׁגַר I) that which is cast away; ש׳ דתמדי dates after being pressed out for beer, refuse. Keth. 80ᵃ top. ↗ expanded

שִׁגְרוֹנָא (שְׁגַר I, 2) dragging or casting the legs, hip-disease. Ḥull. 51ᵃ ההיא אימרתא … האי ש׳ נקטיה (Ms. M. שיגדונא, Ar. שגד׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) there was a case of lambs … that dragged their hind legs (v. שְׁגַר I), said R. Yemar, that is a case (of which, when occurring with a man, we say) ‘hip-disease has seized him’ (which does not rise from a severance of the spinal cord). Ib. ש׳ שכיח חוט וכ׳ hip-disease is a frequent disorder, severance of the spinal cord is unusual. Gitt. 69ᵇ לש׳ וכ׳ as a remedy for hip-disease, let one take &c. ↗ expanded

שִׁגְרוֹנַיָּיה (שְׁגַר I) [rivulets,] slopes. Y. Bicc. I, end, 64ᵇ מאן דמקדר אילין ש׳ דבישן מינהן he who measures (v. קָדַר I) the slopes of Beshan (will find that) they are part of them (of the regions flowing with milk and honey). ↗ expanded

שַׁגְרִיר (שָׁגַר) messenger, ambassador. Y. Shebu. I, 32ᵈ לשני מלכים ושני שַׁגְרִירֵיהֶן מלכו … ושַׁגְרִירוֹ של זה וכ׳ as in the case of two kings and their two ambassadors, this one’s king being higher in rank than the other’s king, and this king’s ambassador higher than the other king’s ambassador, but this one’s ambassador is not higher than the other ambassador’s king.—Pl. שַׁגְרִירִים, v. supra. ↗ expanded

שָׁגַשׁ 1 (apocop. of שגשג, transpos. of גשגש, v. גָּשַׁשׁ; cmp. גִּעְגֵּעַ, a. כֶּסֶךְ, כַּסְכַּס) to feel around, dabble, fumble. Tanḥ. P’ḳudé 3 עולם שני דומה לחזיר שהוא שׁוֹגֵשׁ וכ׳ in the second period man is like the swine that searches in the dunghills: so does the child two years old dabble in dirt. ↗ expanded

שָׁגַשׁ 2 Pi. שִׁגֵּשׁ (v. שַׁגְשֵׁג) to confuse. Yalk. Gen. 150 play on והשגתם a. ישיגם, Gen. XLIV, 4; 6) בשִׁ"ין כתיב (שַׁגֵּשׁ אותם בדברים וכ it is written with (may be read as) Shin, confuse them with words, now soft and now hard; וכך עשה וישיגם שִׁגֵּשׁ וכ׳ and so did he, vayasshigem, he confused them &c. ↗ expanded

שְׁגַשׁ Pa. שַׁגֵּישׁ same. Targ. Y. Ex. XXIII, 27 (O. Var. וְאֶשַׁגֵּשׁ, Ms. III אֶשְׁגַּשׁ; v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 27; h. text והמתי). Targ. O. ib. XIV, 24. Targ. O. Deut. VII, 23; a. fr.—B. Bath. 9ᵇ, sq. עולא מְשַׁגֵּשׁ וכ׳, v. עוּלָא I; [v., however, שְׂגַשׂ]. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּגֵּשׁ to be confused, perplexed, excited. Targ. II Esth. VI, 10. Targ. I Kings I, 41; 45 (h. text המם). Targ. Ps. XXXIX, 7 (h. text יהמיון). Ib. XLVI, 4 מִשְׁתַּגְֹּשִׁין Ms. (ed. מתרגשין); a. fr.—Targ. Jer. XXIII, 19 (h. text מתחולל). Ib. XXV, 16, v. שַׁגְשֵׁג. ↗ expanded

שְׂגַשׂ (= שגשג = סגסג, denom. of סִיג I) to be debased. Lev. R. s. 18 שְׂגִישְׂתּוּן בי וכ׳ you acted basely towards me, as it is said (Ps. LXXVIII, 36) &c.; Yalk. Is. 287 שגשגישתון ככסף [סיגים] מצופה על חרס וכ׳ (corr. acc., or שַׁגְשְׁגִיתוּן) you were base like ‘an earthen vessel overlaid with silver [dross]’ (Prov. XXVI, 23), as it is written (Ps. l. c.) &c. Pa. שַׂגֵּשׂ to debase. Lev. R. l. c. שַׂגִּישְׂתּוּן אורחא וכ׳ you debased your manners, as it is written (Prov. l. c.), ‘an earthen vessel’ &c.—B. Bath. 9ᵃ sq. עולא מְשַׂגֵּשׂ ארחתיה דאימיה a child that caused the deterioration of his mother’s ways (who refused his mother’s entreaties until she uncovered her breasts, saying, look at the breasts that gave thee suck). ↗ expanded

שַׂגְשֵׂג same, v. supra. ↗ expanded

שַׁגְשֵׁג (Palp. of שגג) to confuse, perplex Ithpalp. אִשְׁתַּגְשֵׁג to be confused, excited; to rage. Targ. Jer. XXV, 16 Ms. (ed. ויִשְׁתַּגְּשׁוּן). ↗ expanded

שַׁגִּשְׁיָא (שְׁגַשׁ) excited, agitated. Gen. R. s. 87, beg. (expl. המיה וכ׳, Prov. VII, 11) ש׳ וטעיא (Ar. בייכא; Yalk. ib. 145, a. Yalk. Prov. 940 בוכה, read: בָּיְכָה) she is agitated and runs about; v. בּוּךְ. ↗ expanded

שַׂד (שָׂדַד) furrow.—Pl. שִׂדִּים, שִׂידִּ׳. Gen. R. s. 42 (expl. עמק השדים, Gen. XIV, 10) שהוא עשוי ש׳ ש׳ תלמים דבר אחר וכ׳ (the valley was called Siddim,) because it was made up into siddim, (which means) furrows; another explanation (as if שָׁדַיִם), because it fed its children like breasts; Yalk. ib. 72 (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שַׁד , v. Ges. Thes. s. v.) female breast. Tosef. Sot. IV, 3 (ref. to לשד, Num. XI, 8) מה שד זה עיקר וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. דד) as the breast is essential for the child and everything else is of secondary import, so was the manna &c.; מה שד זה אם יונק וכ׳ as the breast does not harm the child, even if it suck it an entire day &c.; Yoma 75ᵃ מה שד זה תינוק וכ׳ as the child finds in the breast all tastes &c.—Du. שָׁדַיִם; pl. constr. שְׁדֵי. Gen. R. s. 42; Yalk. ib. 72, v. preced. Tanḥ. Sh’moth 25 והיונקים כחלב משרי אמם and the sucklings found in the manna a taste like that of the milk from their mothers’ breast (ref. to Num. l. c.). Ber. 3ᵃ. Sot. 30ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁד (b. h.) demon. Yoma 75ᵃ (play on לשד, Num. XI, 8) מה שד זה מתהפך וכ׳ as the demon changes into many colors (appearances), so did the manna change into many tastes. Snh. 67ᵇ דקפיד אמנא שד, v. קְפַד. Ib. (ref. to Ex. VIII, 15) מיכן שאין השד וכ׳ from here we learn that the conjured demon cannot create anything smaller than a barley corn; a. fr.—Pl. שֵׁדִים, שֵׁדִין, שֵׁי׳. Lev. R. s. 22 (ref. to Lev. XVII, 7) ואין … אלא ש׳ this s’‘irim means demons; ואין ש׳ … שעירים and this shedim (Deut. XXXII, 17) means s’‘irim (ref. to Is. XIII, 21). Snh. l. c., v. לְהָטִים; a. fr.—Fem. שֵׁדָה, שֵׁי׳; pl. שֵׁדוֹת, שֵׁי׳. Pesik. R. s. 15 (expl. שרה ושדות, Koh. II, 8) שדים וש׳ male and female demons; Pesik. Haḥod., p. 45ᵇ before Solomon sinned, היה רודה בשידה וש׳ he ruled over all sorts of demonesses. ↗ expanded

שֵׁדָא Sabb. 67ᵃ לש׳ לימא הכי וכ׳ against a demon say this &c. Ib. לש׳ דבית הכסא for the demon of the privy. Erub. 43ᵃ; Pes. 110ᵃ יוסף ש׳ the demon Joseph; a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 5 ש׳ שריהון וכ׳ Sheda &c., v. רוּחָא.—Pl. שֵׁדִין, שֵׁדַיָּא, שֵׁדֵי, שֵׁי׳. Targ. Deut. XXXII, 17. Targ. Y. I ib. 10. Targ. Is. XIII, 21 (h. text שעירים, v. preced.). Targ. Lev. XVII, 7 (O. ed. Vien. שירים); a. fr.—Pes. l. c. אשמדאי מלכא דש׳ Ashm’dai, king of the demons; Gitt. 68ᵃ; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 65; Yalk. ib. 114 (expl. איש שָׂעִר, Gen. XXVII, 11) גבר שידין (not שדיין, שיירן) a man (worshipper) of demons (ref. to שעירים, Is. XIII, 21). ↗ expanded

שְׁדָא , v. שְׁדֵי ↗ expanded

שִׁדָּא , v. שִׁידָּא I ↗ expanded

שָׁדַד (b. h.) to overpower, rob. Pesik. R. s. 26 יבואו השׁוֹדְדִים וִישַׁדְּדוּ אותה let the plunderers come and plunder her; Yalk. Jer. 262 יבואו השונאים וִישׁוֹדְדוּ בה (not בהם). Pi. שִׁדֵּד same, v. supra. Nif. נִשְׁדָּד to be robbed. Gen. R. s. 75 (ref. to Ps. XII, 6) ואימתי אני לכשאראה עניים נִשְׁדָּדִים וכ׳ (not לכשתראה) when do I rise? When I see the poor robbed and the needy in anguish; Yalk. Ps. 625; Yalk. Zech. 569. ↗ expanded

שְׁדַד , v. שְׁדֵי ↗ expanded

שָׂדַד to join, arrange, direct. Pi. שִׂדֵּד to harrow. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXVIII; Yalk. Gen. 76 וִישַׂדְּדוּ, v. פָּתַח. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XII לחרש ולְשַׂדֵּד וכ׳ to plough and harrow the ground. ↗ expanded

שְׂדַד Pa. שַׂדֵּד same. Targ. Job XXXIX, 10 (ed. Wil. יְשַׁ׳). ↗ expanded

שֵׁדָה , pl. שֵׁדוֹת, v. שֵׁד. ↗ expanded

שִׁדָּה , v. שִׁידָּה ↗ expanded

שָׂדֶה c. (b. h.; cmp. שָׂדַד; v. Del. Assyr. Handw. s. v. šid(d) u, p. 64 tract of land, field. Shebi. I, 1, a. fr. שְׂדֵה האילן a cultivated field in which trees grow, opp. שְׂ׳ הלבן, v. לָבָן. Sifra B’ḥuck., Par. 4, ch. XI (ref. to Lev. XXVII, 21) מגיד שהש׳ קרוי לשון זכר וכ׳ this proves that sadeh is of masculine gender in the sacred (Biblical) language. Arakh. VIII, 1 המקדיש את שָׂדֵהוּ if a man consecrates his field. Ib. VII, 5 הלוקח … כשְׂ׳ אחוזה if a man bought a field of his father, and his father died, and after this he consecrated it, it is legally treated as an inherited field (Lev. XXVII, 16), contrad. to שְׂ׳ מקנה a purchased field (ib. 22); a. fr.—Keth. I, 6, a. e. נסתחפה שדהו, שָׂדְךָ, v. סָחַף.—Tosef. Shebi. VI, 21 ירקות סָדֶה ed. Zuck. (Var. ש׳) vegetable growing in the field (in the Sabbatical year).—Pl. שָׂדוֹת. Arakh. IX, 5 כל שהוא … חוץ מן הש׳ whatever is within a city wall is legally the same as houses, except fields. Ib. 7; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁדוֹךְ , v. שְׁדַךְ ↗ expanded

שִׁדּוּךְ , v. sub שִׁידּ׳. ↗ expanded

שַׁדּוֹכָא (שְׁדַךְ) quiet, peaceable. Targ. I Chr. IV, 40. peace, rest. Ib. XXII, 9 (ed. Wil. שְׁדוֹכָא). ↗ expanded

שְׁדוּכְיָא (preced.) rest, ease. Targ. Ez. XVI, 49 (ed. Wil. שְׁדוּכַיָּא; some ed. שִׁידּוּכְיָא). ↗ expanded

שַׁדַּי (b. h.) Almighty. Targ. Gen. XVII, 1. Targ. Ruth I, 20; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 46 (homiletic etymology, ref. to Gen. XVII, 1) אני הוא שאמרתי … דַּי it is I who said to my world …, ‘it is enough’. Succ. 5ᵃ (ref. to Job XXVI, 9) שפירש ש׳ מזיו וכ׳ the Almighty separated himself from the splendor of his residence, with his cloud over him; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁדֵי (v. אֲדִי, נְדֵי II) to swing, throw, cast, shoot; to sprinkle, pour. Targ. O. Ex. XV, 21 ed. Lsb. a. oth. (ed. רמא). Targ. Job XXXVIII, 6 (h. text ירה). Targ. Ps. XCI, 5 (v. שַׁדְיָא II). Targ. I Sam. XX, 20. Targ. Lev. IV, 12 מֵישַׁד (infin.; h. text שֶׁפֶךְ); ib. 18 יֵישׁוֹד (fr. אֲשַׁד). Targ. Koh. II, 8 מרזבין דשַׁדְיָן וכ׳ (not דשרין) gutters discharging tepid, and gutters discharging hot waters (h. text שדה ושדות). Targ. Ps. LXXIX, 3. Ib. LXII, 9 (ed. Wil. שרו, corr. acc.). Targ. Lam. II, 4; a. fr.—B. Kam. 92ᵇ לא תִשְׁדֵּי וכ׳, v. בֵּירָא. Nidd. 31ᵃ ושְׁדִי בשרא וכ׳, v. נְפַץ. Gitt. 57ᵇ אִישְׁדֵּי לך וכ׳ I will throw down a ring for thee, and thou bow down &c. Ib. 69ᵇ ונִישְׁדֵּי מיא וכ׳ and let him pour water on it. Ib. ולִישְׁדֵּי ליה וכ׳ and let him sprinkle it &c. Snh. 30ᵇ, a. e. ש׳ ביה נרגא, v. נַרְגָּא; a. fr. to cast the spindle, to spin. Keth. 72ᵇ שַׁדְיָא פילכה, v. פִּלְכָא. Gitt. 69ᵇ דשַׁדְתֵּיה דומה (fr. שוד or שדד), v. דּוּמָה I. Succ. 16ᵃ מִשְׁדָּא, v. אַשְׁלָא; a. e. Af. אַשְׁדֵּי same, to cast, pour, shed. Targ. II Sam. XVI, 13. Targ. I Chr. XXII, 8; a. e. Pa. שַׁדֵּי same. Targ. O. Ex. XV, 4 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. Pe.); Y. I ib. שַׁדָּא (h. text ירה).—[Targ. Prov. XIII, 12 מְשַׁדֵּי ed. Wil., read מְשָׁרֵי, v. שְׁרֶי.] Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּדֵּי, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּדֵי to be cast, poured out; to be shot. Targ. Jer. XXII, 19. Targ. Lam. IV, 1. Targ. Y. Num. XXXV, 33 (O. אִתָּשַׁד, v. אֲשַׁד). Targ. O. Ex. XIX, 13. Targ. Jer. XII, 9; a. e.—Nidd. 48ᵇ, v. infra. to be cast about, reel. Targ. Is. XXIV, 20 (h. text נוע).—V. אִשְׁתְּדָיוּתָא. (v. דָּאָה) to hover, fly. Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 49 (h. text דאה). Targ. Jer. XLVIII, 40. Targ. Hab. I, 8. Targ. Is. VI, 6 (ed. Lag. a. Ar. אשתוי, corr. acc.). denom. of שַׁד) to be a full developed breast. Nidd. 48ᵇ אִשְׁתַּדּוּ (oth. opin. in Rashi: to be poured out, emptied, dried up), v. כְּרַף; [Ar. אשתדור, Var. אשתרור, v. שְׁדַר II, a. שְׁרַר]. ↗ expanded

שַׁדְיָא 1 (שְׁרֵי 2) yarn. Targ. Ez. XXVII, 19 Ar. (ed. שיריין, שירין). ↗ expanded

שַׁדְיָא 2 (שְׁדֵי 1) [arrow, cmp. Ps. XCI, 5, v. Targ.,] hot, destructive east-wind. Gitt. 31ᵇ ש׳ נשיב the shadya is blowing; [Ar. s. v. אסתנא names ש׳ as south-wind; Rashi: = h. שֵׁידָה demoness]. ↗ expanded

שדיין , v. שֵׁדָא ↗ expanded

שַׁדִּיךְ (שְׁדַךְ) at rest, at ease. Targ. Job XXI, 23 (Ms. שאנן; h. text שלאנן). ↗ expanded

*שְׁדֵימָא field, plain(?). Ab. d’R. N. ch. VI ראה אבן ש׳ ונטלה וכ׳ (ed. Schechter הרימה) he saw a stone of the plain (a clod of earth), and took it to his mouth. ↗ expanded

שָׁדַךְ , Pi. שִׁידֵּךְ (v. next w.) to negotiate, stipulate. Sabb. 150ᵃ מְשַׁדְּכִין על … ועל התינוק וכ׳ you may stipulate on the Sabbath about girls to be betrothed, and about a boy to be taught reading or a trade. Tosef. ib. XVI (XVII), 22 ואין מְשַׁדְּכִין בין וכ׳ you must not negotiate business affairs between a husband and his wife (to reconcile them) on the Sabbath. Kidd. 44ᵇ והוא ששִׁדְּכוּ provided they have been negotiating (with her father). Ib. (mixed dict.) אע"ג דשִׁידְּכוּ even if they have been negotiating. Hif. הִשְׁדִּיךְ to subdue, quiet. Esth. R. s. 2, beg. (ref. to Prov. XXIX, 11 ישבחנה) זה הקב"ה שהוא מַשְׁדִּיךְ וכ׳ this refers to the Lord who quieted Ahasverus (ref. to משביח, Ps. LXV, 8). ↗ expanded

שְׁדַךְ (v. דוּךְ a. דעך; cmp. Targ. Prov. XV, 18 דעך = h. שקט) [to be sunk, settled,] to be quiet, at ease. Targ. Is. XIV, 7. Targ. Josh. XI, 23. Targ. Job III, 25. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXIII, 3. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXIII, 24 (ed. Vien. שריך, corr. acc.); a. fr.—Y. Yoma VIII, 45ᵃ bot. אמרין לקדמייא וש׳ they spoke to the first (infant in the mother’s womb), and it became quiet. Y. Shebi. IX, 38ᵈ כד חמא דשַׁדְכָן מילייא when he saw that things had settled down (the persecutions had ceased); Gen. R. s. 79 מְשַׁדְּכָן (part. pass. Pa.). Af. אַשְׁדֵּיךְ to settle, quiet, pacify. Targ. Ps. LXV, 8 (Ms. תְּשַׁדֵּךְ Pa.). Targ. Job XXXIV, 29 (not יִשְׁ׳). Targ. Y. Num. XVII, 20 (ed. Vien. אִשְׁרֵיךְ, corr. acc.). Pa. שַׁדֵּיךְ same. Targ. Ps. XCIV, 13. Ib. XC, 11. Targ. Job XXXVII, 17; a. e. (v. supra).—Gen. R. s. 64 יעול … וִישַׁדֵּךְ צבורא let a wise man come and pacify the people; (Yalk. ib. 111 וישדל). to arrange, stipulate, esp. to negotiate a marriage (by sending an agent to settle affairs). Kidd. 13ᵃ התם בדש׳ in that case it means that he had been negotiating (when he finally betrothed her with a stolen object); ומנא תימרא … בין ש׳ ודלא ש׳ and how will you prove that it makes a difference whether a betrothal was preceded by negotiations or not? Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּדַּךְ, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּדִיךְ to be quieted, settled. Targ. Esth. II, 1. Ib. VII, 10. Targ. Y. Gen. VIII, 1 (some ed. אשתרבו, corr. acc.; Ar. שְׁדִיכוּ). ↗ expanded

שַׁדְכָא (preced.) one at ease, retired from business. B. Bath. 139ᵃ מתניתן בש׳ Ar. a. Rashb. ed. Pes. (Ms. H. בשִׁידְכָא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10; ed. בשרכא) the Mishnah (which disallows the older brother as executor of the estate to take his personal expenses out of the common fund) refers to a person retired from business (who does nothing to enlarge the value of the estate); ש׳ פשיטא if he is idle, is it not a matter of course (that he is not entitled to his personal expenses out of the estate)?—*Trnsf. barren tree, wild tree (cmp. סְרָק).—Pl. שַׁדְכֵי. B. Kam. 92ᵇ קינא דש׳ Ar. a. Ag. Hatt., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6; ed. דשרכי), v. שְׂרָכָא. ↗ expanded

שדכן , Targ. Gen. XXV, 27 נח ש׳ some ed., v. נַחְשִׁירְכָן ↗ expanded

שָׁדַל (Shaf. of דלל; cmp. דֶּלֶת) to swing, be wide open (v. Fr. Del. Proleg., p. 101). Pi. שִׁדֵּל (cmp. פָּתָה) to persuade, speak suasively. Kidd. 30ᵇ sq. גלוי … מפני שמְשַׁדַּלְתּוֹ בדברים וכ׳ it was revealed and known before Him … that a child honors his mother more than his father, because she sways him by persuasive words, therefore did he place the honor of the father before &c. (Ex. XX, 12); Mekh. Yithro, s. 8; Yalk. Ex. 297. Yoma 35ᵇ בכל יום … משדלתו בדברים every day did Potiphar’s wife try to win (entice) him with words; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּדֵּל to be persuaded, enticed. Koh. R. to I, 16 הלב מִשְׁתַּדֵּל וכ׳ the heart is enticed, as it is said (Gen. XXXIV, 3), and he spoke &c. to make one’s self pleasant, to insinuate one’s self; to be on good terms. Pes. 112ᵃ; 113ᵃ הוי משתדל עם וכ׳ try to be on good terms with him on whom the hour smiles. [to swing one’s self up,] to make an effort, strive. Tosef. Kidd. V, 15 לעולם יִשְׁתַּדֵּל אדם ללמד את בנו וכ׳ (not לומד) under all circumstances a man must strive to have his son taught a trade which is &c.; Kidd. IV, 10 (11) Y. ed. (Mish. a. Babli only ילמד); Y. ib. IV, end, 66ᵈ. Ab. II, 5 במקום … הִשְׁתַּדֵּל להיות איש (Ar. השתדר) where there are no men, strive thou to be a man. Ib. IV, 18 אל תִּשְׁתַּדֵּל וכ׳ (Ar. תשתדר), v. קַלְקָלָה; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁדַל Pa. שַׁדֵּיל same, to persuade, entice. Targ. Prov. I, 10. Targ. O. Ex. XXII, 15. Targ. Jud. XIV, 15; a. fr.—Yalk. Gen. 111 וישַׁדֵּל, v. שְׁדַךְ. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּדֵּל to insinuate one’s self, win favor. Targ. Ruth II, 19.—Gen. R. s. 22 אית כלבין … למִשְׁתַּדְּלָא there are dogs in Rome that know how to insinuate themselves (win the confidence of men); Yalk. Gen. 36; Yalk. Ps. 840 למְשַׁדְּלָא. to strive; to struggle. Targ. Koh. I, 17. Targ. O. Gen. XXXII, 25, sq. Targ. Cant. III, 6.—[Targ. Ps. CXIX, 96 ed. Wil., v. שַׁכְלֵל.] ↗ expanded

שָׁדַף , s. v. דַּף) to knock; (of grain) to blast. Pesik. ʿAsser, p. 99ᵇ [read:] רוח אחת … והיא שׁוֹדְפַתָּן I send one east wind, and it blasts them; Yalk. Deut. 892 שדפתן (corr. acc.); Tanḥ. R’eh 17 ומְשַׁדַּפְתָּן; Pesik. R. s. 25 ושׁוֹדֶפֶת. Pi. שִׁדֵּף same, v. supra. Nif. נִשְׁדַּף, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּדֵּף to be blasted. B. Mets. IX, 6 המקבל … או נִשְׁדְּפָה if one tenanted a field …, and the locust ate it up, or it was blasted. Ib. 105ᵇ כגון שנִשְׁתַּדְּפוּ ארבע וכ׳ (it is considered a regional calamity,) if for instance four fields on four sides of that in litigation have been struck with blast. Ib. נ׳ תלם אחד וכ׳ if one furrow over the whole length of it was struck. Y. M. Kat. III, 81ᵈ top כל מקום … היה נִשְׁדָּף every spot on which his eye looked was blasted; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁדַף Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּדֵּיף, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּדִיף, אִשְּׁדִיף same, to be blasted, emptied of grain. B. Mets. 105ᵇ דאִישְּׁדּוּף רובא דבאגא when most of the fields of the valley were struck; ib. 106ᵃ אִשְׁתַּדּוּף רובא וכ׳ most of the fields … were struck, and also his barley was blasted. Ib. (mixed dict.) דהא מִשְׁתַּדְּפוּ כל שדותיך for all thy fields have been struck; a. e.— (euphem.) to ease one’s self. Targ. I Kings XVIII, 27 (h. text שִׂיג). ↗ expanded

שִׁדָּפוֹן preced.) blast. B. Mets. 106ᵃ כל העולם כולו בש׳ וכ׳ if the whole world (all the fields around) was stricken with blast, and his with mildew. Ib.; Arakh. IX, 1 היתה שנת ש׳ וירקון if a year of blast or mildew intervened; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁדְּפוֹנָא Targ. Deut. XXVIII, 22. Targ. I Kings VIII, 37; II Chr. VI, 28.—Taan. 6ᵇ דלא שקיל שור׳ the grain of that year will not be subject to blast. ↗ expanded

שָׁדַר (v. next w.), Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּדֵּר [to throw one’s self forward,] to strive. Ab. II, 5; ib. IV, 18 Ar., v. שָׁדַל. ↗ expanded

שְׁדַר 1 (Shaf. of דור, דרר; cmp. שגר; Assyr. שדר to order); Pa. שַׁדַּר to send. Targ. Gen. XXXVIII, 20; 23. Targ. Job XXXIX, 3; a. fr.—[Ḥull. 51ᵃ שדרן, read: שגרן, v. שְׁגַר I.] Gitt. 56ᵃ שַׁדַּר להו וכ׳ send them a sacrifice, and see whether they will accept it. Ib. אזל ש׳ בידיה וכ׳ he went and sent through him &c. Ḥull. 56ᵃ שַׁדְּרָהּ לקמיה וכ׳ he sent the case to Rab M. Keth. 85ᵃ, a. fr. לתקוני שַׁדַּרְתִּיךְ וכ׳, v. עֲוַת; a. fr. to throw. Yalk. Gen. 109 אנא … ואת מְשַׁדֵּר ואזיל I shall open my mouth, and thou shalt go on throwing in; Gen. R. s. 63 תהי משתדר (corr. acc.; Pesik. R. s. 16, a. e. משלח). Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּדַּר, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּדַר to be sent; to be thrown. Targ. Prov. XVII, 11. Targ. Job XVIII, 8; a. e.—[Gen. R. s. 63, v. supra.] ↗ expanded

שְׁדַר 2 (preced.; cmp. שזר) to turn around, twist. Pa. שַׁדֵּר to wrestle. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXXII, 26 בשַׁדָּרוּתֵיה (verbal noun), v. שְׁדַל. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּדַּר, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּדַר same, esp. to rebel, v. אֶשְׁתַּדּוּר.— (trnsf.) to rise, grow stiff. Nidd. 48ᵇ אִשְׁתַּדְּרוּ דדיך Ar. thy breasts grew stiff (Var. in Ar. אשתררו, v. שְׁרַר; ed. אישתדו, v. שְׁדֵי), v. כְּרַף. ↗ expanded

שֶׁדֶר f., v. שִׁדְרָה ↗ expanded

שִׁדְרָא = h. שִׁדְרָה, twisted rope. Gitt. 69ᵃ, v. בַּרְקָא II. spinal column. B. Bath. 103ᵃ הנהו … הנהו ש׳ דארעא מיקרי (Rashi שִׁידְרֵי, pl.) are they named ‘clefts of the field’? they are named ‘the spine of the field’; Arakh. 25ᵃ שידרי; Kidd. 61ᵃ; Yalk. Lev. 677 שדרי.—Pl. שִׁדְרָאִין, שִׁדְרֵי, שִׁי׳. Targ. Y. Deut. XIV, 7.—Arakh. l. c., a. e., v. supra. ↗ expanded

שדרגזין (a corrupt. of σαρδόνυξ) sardonyx, a jewel in the high priest’s breast-plate. Ex. R. s. 38, end (for h. אדם, v. LXX Ex. XXVIII, 17, σάρδιον; Mus. שדרנגין). ↗ expanded

שִׁדְרָה (v. שְׁדַר II) [twisted cord,] spinal column. Ḥull. III, 2 נשברה הש׳ ולא וכ׳ if the spinal column is broken, but its cord is not severed. Ib. 1. Gen. R. s. 28, beg., a. e. לוז של ש׳, v. לוּז II. Sabb. 147ᵇ חומרי ש׳ Rashi (ed. שדרא) the knots of the spine(vertebræ). Ohol. I, 8, v. חוּלְיָא I; a. fr.—B. Kam. 16ᵃ שִׁדְרוֹ של אדם a man’s spine. Ber. 55ᵃ; Sabb. 81ᵃ שדרו של דג the back-bone of a fish.—Pl. שִׁדְרָאוֹת. Nidd. 24ᵃ; Bekh. VII, 2; Ḥull. 60ᵇ, v. גַּב. stem, rib of a plant. Lev. R. s. 30 הש׳ של לולב דומה לש׳ וכ׳ the rib of the palm-branch resembles the spinal column of man. ‘Ukts. I, 2 הש׳ של שבולת the stem of an ear (of wheat). Ḥull. 119ᵇ בש׳ it refers to the stem of an ear of wheat, v. שֹׁומֵר; a. fr.—V. שִׁזְרָה. ↗ expanded

שַׁדַּרְתָּא f. = h. שִׁדְרָה. Targ. O. Lev. III, 9 (ed. Berl. שַׁזַּרְתָּא; v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 32). ↗ expanded

שִׁדְּתָא , v. שִׁידְּתָא ↗ expanded

שֶׂה (b. h.) lamb, young goat or young sheep. Bekh. I, 5 ר׳ א׳ מתיר בכלאים מפני שהוא שה R. El. permits the redemption of a first-born ass with a hybrid of goat and sheep, because it goes by the name of seh (complying with the law Ex. XIII, 13). Gen. R. s. 56 (ref. to Gen. XXII, 8) אלהים יראה לו השה בני ואם לאו אתה השה לעולה בני God will provide himself a lamb, my son, and if not, thou art the lamb for the offering, my son; Pesik. R. s. 40 יזמן קרבנו ואם לא שה לעולה בני he will prepare his sacrifice, and if not, my son be the lamb for the offering. Ib. שה לעולה סי לעילה לשון יונית (not חי) ‘seh for an offering’ is the Greek σέ (thee) for an offering. Bekh. 12ᵃ אביו שה its sire is a sheep. Ib. 7ᵃ שה מכל מקום a seh (young of sheep or of goats) under all conditions (even if it has the looks of an unclean animal). Pes. 118ᵃ בשֵׂיוֹ, v. עָנִי. B. Mets. 27ᵃ; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׁהָא , v. שהי ↗ expanded

שָׂהֵד , v. sub סה׳. ↗ expanded

שָׁהָה , v. שהי ↗ expanded

שַׁהֲוָא (שְׁהֵי) wasteness, ruin.—Pl. שַׁהֲוָותָא, שַׁהֲוָתָא. Targ. Ps. LXXIII, 18 (Ms. שׁחוותא; h. text מַשּׁוּאוֹת). ↗ expanded

שָׁהוּת (שָׁהָה) while, time. Y. Ber. I, 2ᵈ top; Gen. R. s. 12 על ידי ש׳ in the course of time. Meïl. 6ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) דלא הוה ש׳ למזרקיה he had not had the time to sprinkle it; (ib. שעות). Y. Maasr. III, 50ᵈ bot. נותנין לו ש׳ כדי וכ׳ we allow him an interval of time for cracking &c. Ib. בתוך כדי ש׳ שנייה within the interval allowed for the second act Y. Sabb. IV, end, 7ᵃ כאן לשעה כאן לשׁ׳ in the one case it means (chafing) for a while, in the other for some time. R. Hash. 30ᵇ כדי שיהא שׁ׳ ביום וכ׳ that there be time left during the day to offer &c. Y. Hor. I, 46ᵃ top וש׳ ביניהון וכ׳ and the difference between them is the word time; R. M. says נותנין לו ש׳ וכ׳ we allow him time &c., v. שָׁמַע; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שהי to stand still, pause; to dwell, tarry. Shebu. II, 3 או שש׳ בכדי השתחוואה or if the unclean person stayed in the Temple long enough for prostration. Ib. 17ᵃ (mixed dict.) בדלא ש׳ when he did not stand still (but walked constantly though slowly). Yeb. VI, 7 נשא אשה וש׳ עמה וכ׳ if one married a woman and lived with her ten years without issue. Ib. רשאי השני לִשְׁהוֹת וכ׳ the second husband may live with her ten years. Ib. 36ᵇ כל ששהא וכ׳ a human birth that survived thirty days (although born in the eighth month) is not considered an abortion; Sabb. 135ᵇ ששהה. Ber. V, 1 חסידים … שׁוֹהִין שעה וכ׳ the pious men of olden times used to tarry a while (in the synagogue) before prayer &c. Ib. 32ᵇ היו שוהין שעה … וחוזרין ושוהין וכ׳ they waited an hour, and prayed an hour, and tarried again an hour (at synagogue); a. fr.—Esp. (ritual) to pause during the act of slaughtering (which makes the animal so cut unfit to eat). Ḥull. 2ᵇ שמא יִשְׁהוּ וכ׳ they might pause, might press the knife &c., v. שְׁהִיָּיה. Ib. 12ᵃ; a. fr. to delay, v. infra. Hif. הִשְׁהָה, הִשְׁהָא to cause delay; to detain, restrain. Nidd. 31ᵃ sq. מהוך שמַשְׁהִין עצמן וכ׳ because they restrain themselves (retard effusion) &c. Snh. 76ᵃ המַשְׁהֶא בתו וכ׳ he who retards (the marriage of) his marriageable daughter. Gen. R. s. 85 והן מַשְׁהִין אותן וכ׳ and they (the sons of Eli) caused them to stay away from their home one night. Lev. R. s. 37, beg. שנודר ומשהה וכ׳ who vows (a sacrifice) and procrastinates the fulfilment of his vow. Ib. ע"י שנדר ושָׁהָה את נדרו (perh. שִׁהָה, Pi.) because he had vowed and was procrastinating &c. Keth. 61ᵃ הכל משהין בפני השמש וכ׳ you may postpone every dish before the waiter (keep him from eating while he is serving), except &c.; a. fr. Pi. שִׁיהָה same, to delay the use of, let stand. Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᶜ top אסור לְשָׁהוֹתוֹ ואם שִׁיהוֹ וכ׳ (or לַשְׁהוֹתוֹ, Hif.) you must not let it stand, but if one did, and it turned into vinegar &c. Ib. ואם שִׁיהָן and if one did let them stand; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתָּהֶה, Nithpa. נִשְׁתָּהֶא, נִשְׁתָּהֶה to be delayed. R. Hash. IV, 4 פעם אחת נִשְׁתָּהוּ … מלבוא once the witnesses (that had seen the new moon rise) were delayed from coming (were late). Nidd. 27ᵃ מעשה ונ׳ הולד אחר וכ׳ it occurred that a twin child was born three months after its brother; a. fr. to gaze, be undecided, deliberate Num. R. s. 5⁷ מה אתה עומד ומִשְׁתָּהֶה (some ed. ומִשְׁתָּהֶא) why dost thou stand and deliberate?; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁהֵי same, to stand still; to tarry, gaze, be astonished. Targ. Y. Gen. XLIII, 10. Targ. Y. Ex. XII, 39. Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 21. Targ. Is. XXIX, 9; a. fr.—Targ. Hab. I, 5 שְׁוָהוּ (ed. Lag. שְׁהוּ).—Ḥull. 75ᵇ מִשְׁהָא הוה שָׁהֵי ליה וכ׳ (איכא דאמרי) some say, he (Resh Laḳish) gazed at him (when R. Joḥ. gave his opinion) and was silent (and in the meanwhile R. Asi left the college room); Shebu. 40ᵃ; 45ᵇ. Ḥull. 9ᵃ זימנין דשהי ודריס וכ׳ sometimes he may pause in slaughtering or press the knife without knowing it; a. e. to be vacant, lie waste. Targ. II Kings XIX, 25 Mus. (ed. דשְׁחוֹ; ed. Wil. דיִשְׁחוּ); Targ. Is. XXXVII, 26 (ed. דשחו).—[Ber. 6ᵃ ברכי דשהיי Ar., v. שַׁלְהֵי II.] Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּהִי to be delayed, tarry. Targ. Y. Gen. XIX, 16. Ib. XXXII, 5; 25. Targ. I Chr. XIII, 14; a. e.—Bets. 6ᵃ לא אמרן אלא דא׳ … מַשְׁהִינָן ליה they allow burial on the second festive day only when the corpse has been lying for some time, but if it was not, we postpone its burial. Yeb. 80ᵇ אִשְׁתְּהוּיֵי הוא דא׳ its birth was delayed. Ib. מִשְׁתְּהָא a birth may be delayed (beyond the time of maturity). Ib. וא׳ עד תריסר וכ׳ and he (the husband) tarried (was away from home) as much as twelve months; a. e. Af. אַשְׁהֵי to delay, be slack. Targ. Y. Deut. VII, 10. Ib. XXII, 22 לֹא תַשְׁהוּנָהּ (ed. Vien. תִשְׁהוֹנֵיה, corr. acc.) do not delay her execution.—Bets. l. c., v. supra. ↗ expanded

שִׁהֵי m., v. שִׁיהֵי ↗ expanded

שְׂהֵיד , v. סְהֵד ↗ expanded

שהיד , Targ. Esth. VI, 1 some ed., v. שְׁהַר ↗ expanded

שְׁהִיָּה (שָׁהָה) delay, pause. Shebu. 16ᵇ השתחואה דאית בה ש׳ a bowing in the Temple with which a delay is connected (spreading hands and feet). Ib. וכמה שיעור ש׳ what is the normal time for a delay (in the Temple to be an offense if done by an unclean person)? Ib. צריך ש׳ למלקות וכ׳ is tarrying in the Temple required for an unclean person to be punished with stripes or is it not (and only required for the duty of bringing a sacrifice)?; a. e.—Esp. pause in the act of slaughtering. Ḥull. 9ᵃ ואלו … שחיטה ש׳ דרסה וכ׳ and these are the rules for slaughtering … (guard against) pausing, pressing the knife &c. Ib. 27ᵃ; a. e.—Pl. שְׁהִיּוֹת. Shebu. 17ᵃ ש׳ מהו שיצטרפו are moments of staying in the Temple with intervals of moving combined (to make up the normal time)? ↗ expanded

שְׁהַר (עוּר; cmp. סְהֵיד a. עוּד) to be awake. Targ. Esth. VI, 1 דהוה שָׁהֵיר (not שהיד).—Y. Ter. XI, end, 48ᵇ; Y. Sabb. II, 4ᵈ top הוה שָׁהֵר, v. קְרַץ II. ↗ expanded

שַׂהַר , v. סַהַר ↗ expanded

שָׁוְא v. שָׁהָה) [vacancy,] vanity, inanity, falsehood. שבועת ש׳ a false oath, vowing to do something impossible, opp. בִּיטּוּי. Shebu. III, 9 שבועה שאוכל … והשנייה שבועת ש׳ (if one says) ‘I swear that I will eat this loaf, (and) I swear that I will not eat it’, the former is a useless oath (or vow), the second a false oath; אכלה עבר על שבועת ש׳ וכ׳ if he eats it, he is guilty of a false oath (having sworn that he would not eat it); if he does not eat it, he is (also) guilty of a useless oath. Ib. 8 איזוהי שבועת ש׳ נשבע וכ׳ what is a vain oath of affirmation? If one swears to that which is known to be otherwise, saying of a stone column that it is gold &c.; נשבע … שאי אפשר וכ׳ if one affirms an impossibility, saying I swear that I have seen a camel fly in the air. Ib. נשבע לבטל … זו היא שבועת ש׳ וכ׳ if he swears that he will neglect a command, that he will not erect a Succah, …: that is a vain oath, on the wilful pronouncing of which he is punished with stripes &c. Ib. 21ᵃ איזוהי שבועת ש׳ … שקר נשבע וכ׳ what is a vain oath? If one swears to what is known to be otherwise; a false oath, if one swears to the opposite of the truth (e.g. ‘I have eaten’, when he has not, ‘I have not eaten’, when he has), v. שֶׁקֶר. Ib. 20ᵇ ש׳ ושקר אחד הן a vain oath (shav) and a false oath (sheḳer) are the same; a. fr.—תפלת ש׳ a vain prayer, a prayer concerning a thing which cannot be changed. Ber. IX, 3; a. fr.—Ex. R. s. 3 (ref. to מתי שוא, Job XI, 11) God knows העם המתים על הש׳ לעשותו the people that risk their lives for falsehood (idolatry) to commit it; העתידים לעשות ש׳ וכ׳ those that will commit falsehood and be put to death.—לַשָּׁ׳ in vain, to no purpose. Keth. 62ᵇ, v. שָׁמַר. Y. Meg. III, 74ᵃ bot., v. תַּמְרוּרִים. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹאֵבָה (שָׁאַב) drawing; בית הש׳ (or sub. בית) the well from which the water was drawn for libation on the Succoth festival; שמחת בית הש׳ (or sub. שמחת) the joyous procession to and from the well. Succ. V, 1 (50ᵃ) החליל של בית הש׳ (Ms. M. 2 הַשְּׁאוּבָה, throughout the entire chapter, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 1) the musical performances at the ceremony of the drawing of water. Ib. (51ᵃ) כל … שמחת בית הש׳ וכ׳ he that has not witnessed the rejoicing at the ceremony &c., has never seen rejoicing. Y. ib. V, beg. 55ᵃ למח נקרא שמה בית ש׳ וכ׳ why was it called (the rejoicing of) the place of drawing? Because from there they drew holy inspiration; a. e.—Bab. ib. 50ᵇ חד תני ש׳ וחד תני חשובה one cited the version shoëbah, the other, ḥăshubah (a phonetic change of hash-sh’ubah, v. supra). ↗ expanded

שואה , Targ. I Chr. VIII, 9 בני ש׳, v. נַישּׁוּאִין ch. ↗ expanded

שַׁיַּאר , v. sub שׁוּו׳. ↗ expanded

שׁוּב 1 (b. h.) to go back, come back. Sot. 10ᵇ כל עובר ושָׁב every passer-by (in going or coming back). Gen. R. s. 48, a. fr. העוברים והשָׁבִים the travellers. Lev. R. s. 23 ושָׁבַת נפשו עליו (not עליה) and his soul came back (was restored) to him, i.e. he was reconciled; a. fr.—Esp. to return (to God); to repent. B. Bath. 110ᵃ (play on שׄבׄאׄלׄ I Chr. XXVI, 24) ששׄבׄ לאׄלׄ בכל לבו he returned to God with all his heart. Hor. 2ᵃ (ref. to Lev. IV, 22, sq.) השב … לא שב וכ׳ he who repents when he finds out (his wrong) brings a sacrifice for his error; if he does not repent, he is not permitted to sacrifice. Ab. II, 10 ושׁוּב יום וכ׳ repent one day before thy death. Ex. R. s. 42 לעולם מקבלים השבים repentant sinners are accepted at all times; a. fr. Hif. הֵשִׁיב to bring back, return, restore. Y. Yoma VIII, 45ᵃ bot. החומץ מֵשִׁיב את הנפש vinegar restores life, is a refreshing drink. Gitt. 51ᵇ, a. e. אינו אלא כמשיב … ופטור he is in that case like one who restores a lost object, and therefore is not bound to make oath. Ib. לית ליה משיב … פטור he is not of the opinion that he who restores a lost object is exempt from making oath; a. fr. to reply; to refute. Ab. II, 14 ורע מה שתָּשִׁיב וכ׳ that you may know how to answer the sceptic. Y. Gitt. IX, beg. 50ᵃ נכנסו … להָשִׁיב על דבריו וכ׳ four elders met to refute R. Eliezer’s words; Bab. Gitt. 83ᵃ; Tosef. ib. IX (VII), 1. Y. l. c. אין אתם מְשִׁיבִים את הארי וכ׳ are you not going to refute the lion after he is dead?; Bab. ib. l. c. אין מְשִׁיבִין וכ׳ you dare not refute &c. Y. l. c. ה׳ ר׳ טרפון R. T. argued &c. (Bab. l. c. נענה; Tosef. l. c. אמר). Sabb. 88ᵇ שומעין … משיבין, v. חֶרְפָּה. B. Kam. 63ᵇ, a. e. אין משיבין על הקישא you must not argue against a conclusion from analogy. Ab. Zar. III, 4 אין משיבין במרחץ we must not answer (a religious question) in the bath-house. M. Kat. 21ᵇ מֵשִׁיב ואינו שואל the mourner may answer (a salutation), but must not salute; שואל ומשיב כדרכו he may salute and answer as usual; a. fr.—[Y. Gitt. VIII, 49ᶜ top, in Chald. dict. משיב, v. תּוּב I.] to go back with a message. Meg. 15ᵃ; Ab. Zar. 10ᵇ אין משיבין על הקלקלה you need not go back (to him that sent you) to bring bad news. Hof. הוּשָׁב to be replied; to refer. Y. B. Kam. II, 3ᵃ top על הראשונה הוּשָׁבָה the modification in the Mishnah (במה דברים אמורים) refers to the first clause only; על כולה הושבה it refers to the whole paragraph. Y. Bicc. II, 65ᵃ top; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוּב 2 adv. again, furthermore. Nidd. V, 7 ש׳ אין וכ׳ her father has no longer control over her. Sabb. 88ᵇ, sq. ש׳ מה כתיב furthermore, what is written in it?; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹבָא captor, v. שָׁבֵי. ↗ expanded

שׁוּבָּא , v. שַׁב II ↗ expanded

שובדא , Y. Shebu. I, 33ᵇ לוי ש׳, v. סוֹכָיָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּבָּה , v. שַׁב II ↗ expanded

שׁוּבְטָא , v. שְׁבַט ↗ expanded

שׁוֹבַךְ (b. h.) pr. n. m. Shobach, an Ammonite general. Sot. VIII, 1 בני … של ש׳ the Ammonites went into battle relying on the strength of Sh. Ib. 42ᵇ כתיב ש׳ וכתיב שופך the name is once written Shobach (II Sam. X, 16), and once Shophach (I Chr. XIX, 16); חד אמר … עשוי כשׁוֹבָךְ one authority says, his real name was Shophach, and he was called Shobach, because he was built like a dove-cote (of high stature, v. next w.), v. שָׁפַךְ. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹבָךְ (שבך; cmp. שְׂבָכָה) net-work, esp. (b. h. אֲרֻבָּה) dove-cote. Ex. R. s. 40 (play on שׄוׄבׄלׄ, I Chr. IV, 1, sq.) ושובל שהעמיד שׄובׄךׄ לאֹלהים (not ושובך) Bezalel was surnamed Shobal because he erected a dove-cote for God, זה המשכן שהיה עומד כש׳ that is the Tabernacle, which stood (high) like a dove-cote. Ib. העמיד … כש׳ the Lord had the Tabernacle put up like a dove-cote (for the dove Israel). B. Bath. II, 5 מרחיקין … מן הש׳ וכ׳ you must keep your ladder (when lopping trees &c.) four cubits away from your neighbor’s dove-cote. Ib. מרחיקין את הש׳ וֹכ׳ you must keep your dove-cotes at a distance of fifty cubits from the town. Ib. 6 הרי הוא של בעל הש׳ it belongs to the owner of the nearest dove-cote. Ib. V, 3 פירות ש׳ the crop of a dove-cote (the brood of the season); a. fr.—Pl. שׁוֹבָכוֹת, שׁוֹבָכִין. Ib. II, 6. B. Kam. 83ᵃ ישוב ש׳ a group of dove-cotes; a. e.—Pes. IV, 7 (55ᵇ) מושיבין ש׳ לתרנגולים וכ׳ (Ms. O. לתרנגולת) you may set up chicken-houses (put in eggs for brooding) on the fourteenth of Nisan; [vers. quoted in Rashi: מושיבין ש׳ ותרנגולת you may set brooding doves in cotes, and also hens]. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹבְכָא Targ. Hos. XI, 11. Targ. Jer. XLVIII, 28.—B. Bath. 144 ש׳ דיוני dove-cote.—Pl. שׁוֹבְכַיָּא, שׁוֹבְכִין. Targ. Is. LX, 8. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹבָל (b. h.) pr. n. m. Shobal, homiletical surname of Bezalel. Ex. R. s. 40, s. שׁוֹבָךְ. ↗ expanded

שׁוּבָּל , pl. שׁוּבָּלִין, v. שִׁיבּוֹלֶת. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹבַל = h. שִׁיבּוֹלֶת, ear of corn. Targ. Y. Gen. XLI, 47 (ed. Vien. תובלא). Targ. Job XXIV, 24 Ms. (ed. שִׁבּוֹלָא, שִׁיבּ׳).—Pl. שׁוּבְּלַיָּא, שׁוּבְּלִין, שׁוּבְּלֵי, שׁוּבְ׳. Targ. O. Gen. XLI, 5, sq. ed. Berl. (oth. ed. שֻׁבְּ׳). Targ. Is. XVII, 5 שׁוּבְ׳; a. e.—Targ. Ruth II, 2 שִׁבּוֹלִין.—B. Bath. 124ᵃ; Bekh. 52ᵇ, v. חֲפוּרָה II. Yeb. 63ᵃ לביני שִׁיבְּלֵי between the standing ears; a. e.—Men. 70ᵇ שִׁבּוֹלֵו תעלא; Pes. 35ᵃ Ms. O. (ed. שבילי), v. שִׁיבּוֹלֶת. cluster of olives on a branch.—Pl. as ab. Targ. Zech. IV, 12; Targ. II Esth. I, 2 שִׁבְּלִין דדהבא golden clusters.—Targ. Y. II, Ex. XXX, 34, v. מוֹרַיָּיא. ↗ expanded

שׁוּבְלִילְתָּא , v. שַׁבְלוּלִיתָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּבַּלְתָּא = h. שִׁבּוֹלֶת, current of a river. Targ. Jud. XII, 6 אימר כען ש׳ ואמר סוּבַּלְתָּא say now, shubbalta, and he said, subbalta.—Lev. R. s. 37 אחדת להון שב׳ דנהרא (not יהב) the current of the river seized and carried them off. Cant. R. to III, 4 סוּבַּלְתָּא, v. קְלַף. ↗ expanded

שׂוֹבַע plenty, satiation. Ber. 55ᵃ שלשה דברים … רעב וש׳ וכ׳ three things does the Lord himself announce: famine, plenty, and a good leader. Tosef. Pes. V, 3 חגיגה … פסח נאכל בש׳ (Var. על הש׳) the pilgrim’s sacrifice … must be eaten first, so that the Passover offering be eaten after the appetite is satisfied; Y. ib. VI, 33ᶜ לָשׂבַע; Bab. ib. 70ᵃ על השבע. Gen. R. s. 91 שני השָ׳ the years of plenty. Snh. 97ᵃ ש׳ ואינו ש׳ plenty and no plenty (partial plenty); ש׳ גדול general plenty; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׂוֹבַע ² Targ. O. Gen. XLI, 29; a. fr., v. סִבְעָא.—Taan. 8ᵇ כי יהיב רחמנא ש׳ וכ׳ when the Lord gives plenty, he gives it for life (no epidemic in years of plenty); a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹבַע , v. שְׁבַע I ↗ expanded

שׂוּבְעָנָא m. = שׁוֹבַע, v. סִבְעָא ↗ expanded

שׂוֹבַר to carry, v. סְבַר II. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹבֵר (שָׁבַר I; cmp. פָּרַע) receipt, renunciation. B. Mets. 19ᵇ מצא ש׳ if one finds a receipt (of a woman concerning her jointure). Ib. 20ᵃ ש׳ בזמנו טריף a deed of renunciation takes effect from its date (irrespective of the date of delivery). Keth. IX, 9 אבר שׁוֹבְרִי I lost my receipt; a. fr.—Pl. שׁוֹבְרִים, שׁוֹבְרִין. M. Kat. III, 3; Y. ib. 82ᵃ bot., v. אוֹמוֹלוֹגְיָיא. B. Mets. I, 7; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוּבְּתָא , v. שַׁבְּתָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּבְּתַי , v. שַׁבְּתַאי ↗ expanded

שׁוּדָא (contr. of שׁוּחֲדָא q. v.) adjudication, discretionary judgment. Gitt. 14ᵇ וכאן אמרו ש׳ עדיף and here (in Babylonia) they say, it is better that the messenger use his discretion (to deliver the gift to the heir of the legatee or return it to the donor’s heirs). Keth. 94ᵃ ש׳ דדייני the judges use their discretion (to which of the claimants to adjudicate the claim). Ib. 85ᵇ. B. Bath. 62ᵇ; a. fr.—[In Y. שׁוּחֲדָא.] ↗ expanded

שׂוּדָנִי ) m. (denom. of שָׂדֶה) man of the field, sportsman; trnsf. catching men by artifice, hypocrite. Gen. R. s. 63 (ref. to Gen. XXV, 27) ש׳ צידני צד וכ׳ a sportsman, a hunter, catching &c., v. צוּד; Yalk. ib. 110 צדני צודני (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שׁוּדְּפָנָא , v. שִׁדְּפוֹנָא ↗ expanded

שָׁוָה , v. שוי ↗ expanded

שָׁוֶה (שָׁוָה) joined, even; fitting, equal; equivalent, worth. Succ. 19ᵃ נראה מבחוץ וש׳ מבפנים if the post is visible from the outside, but even with the wall from within. Num. R. s. 9³ הוי ש׳ לבני אדם be like other men (do not consider thyself exempt from the laws of morality). B. Kam. III, 9 שור ש׳ מנה וכ׳ an ox worth a Maneh that gored an ox worth two hundred Zuz. Ib. I, 3 שום כסף וש׳ כסף valuation of damages is done on the basis of money, and collected from money’s worth; ib. 14ᵇ ש׳ כסף מלמד וכ׳ ‘money’s worth’, this means that the court attaches only landed estate (v. אַחֲרָיוּת), but if the claimant anticipating the action of the court seized movable chattel &c.; מאי משמע … דבר הש׳ כל כסף how is this to be learned from the expression ‘money’s worth’?… A thing which is worth any money (which you pay for it, i.e. concerning which there is no redress for overreaching); ib. (another defin.) ש׳ כסף ולא כסף ‘money’s worth’ you may attach, but not cash.—ש׳ פרוטה, v. פְּרוּטָה. Bicc. II, 6 ש׳ לאילן is like (comes under the category of) trees. Ib. 8, sq.; a. v. fr.—גזרה ש׳, v. גְּזֵרָה.—הצד הש׳, v. צַד.—Ab. d’R. N. ch. XVI ש׳ לי המות משתתנני וכ׳ death would have been more acceptable to me than thy giving me away to this man, i.e. I should have chosen death rather than be married to this man.—Pl. שָׁוִים; שָׁוִין; שָׁוִו׳; שָׁווֹֹת. Yoma VI, 1 מצותן שיהיו שניהן ש׳ וכ׳ it is proper that they two be alike in appearance &c. Bets. 11ᵃ, a. fr. וש׳ וכ׳ both agree that &c. Pes. III, 4; a. fr.—B. Bath. IX, 10 (158ᵇ), a. e. את הש׳ that on which they agree, v. חָלַק.—בַּשָּׁוֶה a) at equal shares. Y. Keth. X, 33ᵈ bot. חולקות בש׳ divide it equally; a. fr.—b) for what it is worth, at a reasonable price. Snh. 106ᵃ, v. שְׁוִי h. ↗ expanded

שָׁוֵה ; בש׳ on equal terms. Targ. Y. Deut. XVIII, 8 (ed. Vien. בְּשָׁוֶה). ↗ expanded

שְׁוַהּ , v. שְׁוַוח ↗ expanded

שְׁוָה , Targ. Hab. I, 5 שְׁוָהוּ, v. שְׁהֵי ↗ expanded

שַׁיַּואר , v. שְׁוַור, שַׁוָּור. ↗ expanded

שְׁוַוח 1 (cmp. שבח) to spread, germinate. Targ. Prov. XXVII, 25 ed. Lag. (some ed. שוות, corr. acc.; ed. Wil. שבח; h. text גלה). ↗ expanded

שְׁוַוח = h. שׁוּחַ, to bend, be lowered, sink. Targ. Ps. X, 10 יִשְׁוַוח Ms. (ed. יְשׁוּחַ). Targ. Job XXII, 29 Ms. (ed. שַׁוַּוח, q. v.).—V. שׁוּחַ ch. to lower, level, destroy. Targ. Ps. LXXIV, 3 למִשְׁוַוח ed. Lag. (ed. למשווק, למשוק, corr. acc.; Levita למִשְׁוָה, h. text למשאות). ↗ expanded

שְׁוַוח ² (preced.) pit. Targ. Ps. VII, 16 Ms. (ed. שׁוּחַ). ↗ expanded

שַׁוַּוח (preced.) low-spirited, worrying. Targ. Job XXII, 29 ש׳ בסורחנא troubled on account of sin (Ms. שְׁוַוח בעיני בירייתא low in the sight of men; h. text שח עינים). ↗ expanded

שְׁוָוחָא (preced. wds.) pit, grave. Targ. Job XXXIII, 22; 24 (Ms. שחוו׳; ed. Wil. שׁוּחֲ׳). Targ. Ps. IX, 16 (ed. Wil. שׁוּחֲ׳; some ed. שויח׳, read: שוו׳; Ms. שחוו׳).—Pl. שַׁוְוחָן, שַׁוְחָן. Ib. CXIX, 85 (ed. Wil. שׁוּחָן; Ms. שְׁיָיחָן; h. text שִׁיחוֹת). destruction, waste. Targ. Job XXX, 3 Ms. (ed. שׁוּחָא). ↗ expanded

שְׁוָוטָא , v. שׁוֹטָא ↗ expanded

שווי , v. שוי, שַׁוְי׳. ↗ expanded

שַׂוְוכָּא (שוך; v. שׂוֹכָה, שׂוּכָּא)thorn, prickle.—Pl. שַׂוְוכֵּי. Succ. 13ᵃ כיון דנתרן שַׂוְוכַּיְיהוּ וכ׳ Ar. (ed. דנתרי טרפייהו; Ms. M. 2 שַׂוְכַּיְיהוּ or שׂוֹכַ׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6) since their prickly twigs are liable to fall off, he may leave the Succah &c. ↗ expanded

שַׁוְולָאנַאי , v. שְׁוִילְנַאי ↗ expanded

שְׁוַולְיָא , v. שְׁוַלְיָא ↗ expanded

שְׁוָוצְרֵי nag-wort or wormwood, a species of Artemisia (v. Löw Pfl., p. 80). Succ. 12ᵇ ↗ expanded

שְׁוָוקֵי , v. שׁוּקָא II, שׁוּק III. ↗ expanded

שְׁוַור , Pa. שַׁוַּור, שַׁוַּר to stride, leap, run, hasten. Targ. Y. Ex. XVII, 8 (ed. Vien. ושווד, corr. acc.). Ib. XXXII, 19. Targ. Cant. II, 8. Targ. Job XXXVII, 1 Var. Targ. Am. III, 5 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. יִסַּק); a. fr.—B. Mets. 84ᵃ וש׳ לירדנא וכ׳ he ran into the Jordan after him. B. Bath. 73ᵇ ושַׁוַּאר מהאי וכ׳ (Ms. H. ושוור) and jumped from one mule’s back to the other. Ib. 96ᵇ חמרא … שואר wine travels on its owner’s shoulder, i.e. if wine turns sour, it is the purchaser’s bad luck, and the seller is not responsible; oth. opin. (Tosaf.) wine turns sour by transport. Ber. 54ᵇ ש׳ עשר אמין he (Moses) jumped ten cubits high. Sabb. 110ᵃ לִישַׁוַּאר נגרא (Ar. לשוור) let him jump over a ditch. Pes. 113ᵃ לא תְשַׁוַּור וכ׳, v. נִיגְרָא; a. e. to cause to jump &c. Targ. Ps. XXIX, 6 (Ms. טפז׳).). (cmp. meanings of קפץ) to close up. Ib. CVII, 42 (Ms. שרור׳, corr. acc.; h. text קפצה). ↗ expanded

שַׁוָּור (preced.) tramper, freebooter. Snh. 96ᵇ ש׳ בר שוורא שַׁוַּור נבוֹזראדן שַׁוַּור דמטא וכ׳ Ar. (ed. שוור בר שוור נבוזראדן שוור; Ms. M. שַׁוָּואר׳ בר שוואר נבוז׳ שואר) tramper, son of a tramper, jump, Nebuzraddan, jump (to Jerusalem), for the time has come &c.; Yalk. Ps. 810 שַׁוַּאר בן שַׁוָּאר מטא וכ׳ jump, thou son of a tramper &c.; Yalk. Kings 251 שואר בר שואר נבוכדנצר מטא וכ׳. ↗ expanded

שְׁוָורִים , pl. of שׁוֹר. ↗ expanded

שוות , Targ. Prov. XXVII, 25 some ed., v. שְׁוַוח I. ↗ expanded

שׂוּחַ , v. סוּחַ ↗ expanded

שׁוּחַ 1 (b. h.) to bend, sink. Ḥull. 27ᵃ ממקום ששָׁח וכ׳, v. חָטָא I. Ib. שח … והוא שח ועומד הוא ‘where it bends’ implies (that the limb which is to be cut) must be erect (when in its natural condition), but this (the tail) is always hanging down. Y. Taan. II, 65ᶜ top צריך לָשׁוּחַ בכולן (or לָשׁוֹחַ fr. שחח) he must bend down with all of them (the eighteen vertebræ). Ber. 34ᵃ, v. שָׁחָה. Ab. V, 21 בן תשעים לָשׁוּחַ at ninety years (is the time) for being bent (perh. meant as noun לַשּׁוּחַ). Midr. Till. to Ps. XLVIII לבו שח עליו his heart within him is bent (in grief over his sin); Yalk. ib. 755 סח (corr. acc.); a. fr. Hithpol. הִשְׁתּוֹחֵחַ to be bent down, depressed. Midr. Till. to Ps. XLII אני מתקנאה ומִשְׁתּוֹחַחַת וכ׳ I am jealous and desperate, when I see the happiness of the nations &c. ↗ expanded

שׁוּחַ , v. שְׁוַוח II.—Part. שָׁיֵחַ; f. שָׁיְחָא, שָׁיְי׳ (שִׁיחָא); pl. שָׁיְחָן, שָׁיְי׳; Targ. Ps. XLIV, 26 (ed. Wil. שִׁי׳). Targ. Job IX, 13; a. e.—Sabb. 67ᵃ (in an incantation for a swallowed fish-bone) שִׁיחַ שִׁיחַ (or שְׁיַח) Ar. (ed. שְׁיֵיא) sink down, sink down! ↗ expanded

שׁוּחַ 2 (preced.) bending. Ab. V, 21, v. שׁוּחַ I.—בנות ש׳ a species of white figs. Dem. I, 1; a. e., v. בַּת I. ↗ expanded

שׁוּחָא , v. שְׁוָוחָא ↗ expanded

שׁוֹחַד ; Shaf. of חד(א) or יחד to conciliate, win favor) favor, gift, esp. bribe, bribery. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVII, 2 כתבת בתורה … ליקח ש׳ … אבל אתה שאתה נוטל ש׳ מן הרשעים וכ׳ thou hast written in the Law (Ex. XXIII, 8), ‘thou shalt take no bribe’, and they (men) are afraid to take presents and judge me, but thou who acceptest means of conciliation from sinners, such as repentance, good deeds, and prayer: let thy judgment go forth from before thee. Keth. 105ᵇ (ref. to Ex. l. c.) אינו … ש׳ ממון אלא אפי׳ ש׳ דברים וכ׳ not only a bribe in the shape of money, but even a bribe in acts (service) is forbidden. Ib.ᵃ כמה סמויות … מקבלי ש׳, v. סָמָה. Ib.ᵇ שׄוחׄדׄ שׄהוא חׄדׄ (Ar. אחׄדׄ) why is it called shoḥad? Because it is one (the recipient and the giver are made like one person); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹחֲדָא same. Targ. I Kings XV, 19. Targ. Ex. XXIII, 8. Targ. Ps. XV, 5; a. fr.—Keth. 105ᵇ מאי טעמא דש׳ כיון דקביל ליה ש׳ וכ׳ why is a gift (to the judge) forbidden? As soon as he accepts a gift from a person, his mind has become attached to him (the giver, v. קְרַב), and he becomes like his own self, and none can see the unfavorable side of his own case (v. preced.); a. e. singling out, choice, discretion. Y. Keth. X, 33ᵈ bot.; 34ᵃ top ש׳ דדייני the judges single out him to whom to adjudicate the claim in litigation; v. שׁוּדָא. ↗ expanded

שׁוּחָה , v. שְׁוָוחָא) pit, pitfall. Sifré Deut. 20 אם כשהייתם … וש׳ וכ׳ (v. Jer. II, 6) when you were in the land of deserts and pitfalls you wanted no spies, and now &c. low talk, whisper, v. שִׁיחָה. ↗ expanded

שׁוּחָה ² , pit. Targ. Ps. XCIV, 13 (Ms. שַׁחֲתָא). ↗ expanded

שוחי , Yalk. Ez. 381. v. סֵיחוּי ↗ expanded

שׁוֹחֲנָא , v. שִׁחְנָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּחֲתָא , v. שְׁוָוחָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּט 1 (b. h.) [to swing, be light, move to and fro; v. שׁוֹט II,] to roam, fly, float, swim. M. Kat. 14ᵃ לָשׁוּט if he goes abroad to roam (for mere pleasure), opp. למזונות for support, להרויחא for profit in business. B. Bath. 15ᵇ (Satan says) שַׁטְתִּי בכל וכ׳ I roamed all over the world, but have found none so faithful as &c. Bets. V, 2 (36ᵇ) לא שָׁטִין על פני המים you must not float on the water (swim on the Sabbath). Y. Shek. VI, 50ᵃ top (ref. to Ez. XLVII, 5) כי גאו המים מי שחו מִלָּשׁוּט (omit מהו מי שחו, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l., p. 55) the waters were risen … too high for swimming; a. e.—[Y. B. Mets. VIII, end, 11ᵈ בששטן, read: בששטפן, v. שָׁטַף.] Pol. שׁוֹטֵט same. Yalk. Gen. 101 עד שהיתה קומתו מְשׁוֹטֶטֶת בדמעות until his body swam in tears. Hif. הֵשִׁיט to cause to swim, teach swimming. Kidd. 30ᵇ אף לַהֲשִׁיטוֹ בנהר a father is also bound to have his son taught swimming; Tosef. ib. I, 11; Koh. R. to IX, 9 להושיטו (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שׁוּט , to roam, fly, swim, row. Targ. Lam. III, 54 (h. text צפו); a. e.—Part. שָׁיט, שָׁיֵיט; f. שָׁיְיטָא; pl. שָׁיְיטִין; שָׁיְיטָן. Targ. O. Num. XI, 8 שָׁיְטִין (ed. Berl. נפקין). Targ. Jon. I, 13; a. e.—B. Kam. 83ᵃ מֵישַׁט שייטא טובא וכ׳ (a dove) flies (for exercise) farther out, but fills her belly within fifty cubits (from the dove-cote). Ib. ומישט שלשים וכ׳ for exercise do they fly thirty Rises only and no more? Sot. 48ᵇ (transl. Deut. I, 44) כמא דנתזין דבריאתא ושייטן ברומי וכ׳ as bees rush forth and fly about on the heights of the world, and bring honey from the herbs of the mountains; a. e. Pol. שׁוֹטֵט (with עינא) to look up and down. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXII, 10. ↗ expanded

שׁוּט 2 [to make light of (cmp. קָלַל,] to despise, reject. Tanḥ. Sh’moth 1 ושָׁט את הבכורה and despised the birthright; (Ex. R. s. 1 וביזה). ↗ expanded

שׁוּט ² Targ. Gen. XXV, 34. Targ. I Sam. X, 27. Ib. XVII, 42 שַׁטְיֵה (fr. שטי). Targ. Prov. I, 25 ושַׁטְתּוּן Ms. (ed. ושניתון); a. fr.—Part. שָׁט, שָׁאֵט, שָׁיֵיט, שָׁיֵט; f. שָׁיְיטָא; pl. שָׁיְיטִין. Ib. XI, 12. Ib. XXIII, 9 (ed. Wil. שְׁיֵט, corr. acc.). Ib. I, 7; a. fr.—Part. pass. שִׁיט, שָׁט. Targ. I Kings XVI, 31 (h. text נקל). Targ. I Sam. XV, 9 (h. text נמבזה). Targ. Ps. XV, 4 (h. text נבזה); a. fr. Af. אָשֵׁיט same. Targ. II Sam. XII, 10. Targ. Prov. XV, 20. Ib. XIX, 16 (ed. Lag. מוֹשִׁיט, cmp. מוקים fr. קום); a. e. Ithpe. אִתְשָׁט to be despised. Targ. I Sam. II, 30 יִתְשָׁטוּן (ed. Lag. יִשְׁתָּטוּן, Var. ישטתון, prob. meant for יתשט׳; h. text יקלו). ↗ expanded

*שׁוּט 3 (v.שׁוּט I) [to move in all directions,] to strike, smear over, polish with a fatty substance. Pes. 30ᵇ אין שָׁטִין … ואם שָׁט Ar. a. Ms. M. 2 (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 7; ed. טָשִׁין … טָשׁ), v. טוּשׁ I; Zeb. 95ᵇ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). Bets. 34ᵃ Ar. (ed. טשין). ↗ expanded

שׁוּט ³ Targ. Y. I Deut. XXVIII, 40 תשוטון (Ar. תטושון). ↗ expanded

שׁוֹט Shoṭ-Mishoṭ, Samosata, one of the fords of the Euphrates (v. Neub. Géogr. p. 331, a. Sm. Dict. of Gr. a. Rom. Geogr. s. v. Euphrates). Kidd. 72ᵃ ש׳ מ׳ בין וכ׳ Samosata is situated between the rivers (Euphrates and Tigris). ↗ expanded

שׁוֹט 2 rod, scourge. Mekh. B’shall., Amalek, s. 2 כך מדה … ש׳ שישראל לוקין וכ׳ such is the rule going through all generations, the scourge (nation) with which the Israelites are smitten, will finally be smitten; Yalk. Ex. 265. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹטָא Targ. Prov. XXVI, 3 שַׁוְטָא Ms. (ed. שְׁוָ׳, שְׁוָו׳). Targ. Y. Num. XXII, 27; a. e.—M. Kat. 28ᵃ bot. אחוי ליה ש׳ דנורא he (the angel of death) showed him a rod of fire.—Pl. שׁוֹטִין, שׁוֹטֵי. Lam. R. introd. (R. Joḥ. 1) דנקטין לי בשתין ש׳ וכ׳ they urged me (the sun) on with sixty rods of fire and said to me, go, let thy light shine. Keth. 77ᵃ הא במילי הא בש׳ the one means force with words, the other, with rods. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹטֶה (שָׁטָה) madman, fool; (of plants) wild. Ḥull. I, 1, a. fr. חרש ש׳ וקטן a deaf and dumb person, an insane person, and a minor. Y. Ter. I, 40ᵇ סימני ש׳ וכ׳ the symptoms of insanity. Tosef. Ter. I, 3 פעמים ש׳, v. חָלַם I. Yoma VIII, 6 כלב ש׳ a mad dog. Ab. IV, 7 ש׳ רשע וכ׳ is a fool, a wicked man &c. Sot. III, 4 חסיד ש׳ a foolish saint; ib. 21ᵇ היכי דמי חסיד ש׳ וכ׳ what is meant by a foolish saint? When, for instance, a woman is drowning in the river, and he says, it is not becoming to look at her and save her. Shebi. VII, 1, sq., v. לוֹף; a. v. fr.—בכור ש׳, v. בּוּכְרָא I.—Pl. שׁוֹטִים, שׁוֹטִין. Y. Ter. l. c. אפי׳ שוטה בש׳ וכ׳ not even the most insane person will do that. Ab. Zar. IV, 7 יאבד עולמו מפני הש׳ shall God destroy his world on account of the fools (who worship natural objects)? Ib. 54ᵇ וש׳ שקלקלו וכ׳ and the fools that do mischief must pay the penalty. B. Bath. 12ᵇ מיום שחרב … ונתנה לש׳ וכ׳ since the destruction of the Temple, prophecy has been taken away from the prophets and given to madmen and children; a. fr.—Shebi. IX, 1; Succ. 39ᵇ, v. יַרְבּוּז, a. שׁוֹטִים.—Fem. שׁוֹטָה. Ned. 35ᵇ בין פיקחת בין ש׳ whether sane or insane. Ib. 36ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׂוֹטָה , v. סוֹטָּה ↗ expanded

שוטח , Y. Kidd. II, 62ᵈ ש׳ של שיער, v. שִׁיטָּה III ↗ expanded

שׁוֹטְיָא , v. שׁוֹטִיתָא ↗ expanded

שׁוֹטִים supposed to be the name of a plant, fenugreek. Shebi. IX, 1; Succ. 39ᵇ (השיט׳), v., however, ירְבּוּז. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹטִיתָא (v. שׁוֹט II) staff. Targ. I Sam. XIV, 27 (Ar. שׁוֹטְיָא); 43. Targ. Jud. VI, 21 (Ar. שוטיא; some ed. שולטיתא). branch, twig. Keth. 17ᵃ אהנייא ליה שׁוֹטִיתֵיה וכ׳ the myrtle branch (with which he used to dance before bridal couples) was in the old man’s favor (that a phenomenon occurred at his funeral), but some said שְׁטוּתֵיה his folly (v. שְׁבִשְׁתָּא); others said שיטתיה, v. שִׁיטְּתָא. Sabb. 77ᵇ ש׳ שטותא the myrtle branch used at weddings is called shoṭitha as being sh’ṭutha (folly). ↗ expanded

שׁוֹטֵיתָא , v. שָׁטֵי ↗ expanded

שׂוֹטְנָא , v. סְטַן II ↗ expanded

שׁוֹטֵר v. שָׁטַר) [recorder, notary,] executive officer, overseer. Tanḥ. Shof’ṭim 2 כיון … אם אין ש׳ שיוציא ממנו וכ׳ when a person has been declared in court bound to pay to his neighbor: unless there is an executor to collect from him, the judge has no power &c. Ex. R. s. 1 הלך נוגש מצרי אצל ש׳ ישראל an Egyptian taskmaster came to the house of an Israelitish overseer. Deut. R. s. 5 ולא שופט ולא ש׳ יש לה and it (the ant) has neither judge nor officer; a. fr.—Pl. שׁוֹטְרִים. Ex. R. l. c., v. נָגַשׂ. Tanḥ. l. c. (ref. to Deut. XVI, 18) שופטים … ש׳ אלו פרנסים וכ׳ shof’ṭim are the judges, shoṭ’rim, the managers that lead the community; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שוי (b. h.) [to join, combine,] to be even, equal, alike. M. Kat. 9ᵇ (ref. to Prov. III, 15) כל חפצך … הא חפצי שמים יִשְׁווּ בה all thy affairs are not of equal value with her (the Torah), but heaven’s affairs (pious deeds) are of equal value with her (you may interrupt study for pious works); וכתיב … חפצי שמים לא ישוו בה but it is also written (ib. VIII, 11), ‘and all affairs &c.’ (which implies that) even heaven’s affairs are not equal to her! Y. Peah I, 15ᵈ bot. חפציך וחפצי לא ישוו בה I sent thee something with which thy affairs and my affairs cannot compare; a. e.—Denom. שָׁוֶה, q. v. (denom. of שָׁוֶה) a) to be of value. Meg. 15ᵇ (ref. to Esth. V, 13) מלמד … כל זה איננו שֹׁוֶה לי this indicates that all that wicked man’s treasures were engraven (registered) in the tablet on his heart, but when he saw Mordecai, he said, ‘all this is of no value to me’.—b) to value, weigh, consider. Ib. 16ᵃ (ref. to Esth. VII, 4) צר זה אינו שוה בנזק וכ׳ this enemy has no consideration for the king’s loss &c. Hif. הִשְׁוָה to place side by side. Y. Ber. I, 2ᶜ top זה … צריך להַשְׁווֹת את רגליו he that stands up to pray must set his feet together. to make even, smooth, level. Tosef. B. Kam. XI, 14 אם עתיד להַשְׁווֹתוֹ וכ׳ if the hatcheller has to make the web even (cut away the protruding threads), he may take even a handbreadth (they belong to him); מַשְׁוֵיהוּ לאורכו וכ׳ he must shear it lengthwise, but not widthwise; B. Kam. 119ᵇ. Erub. 93ᵃ ה׳ פצימיה if he made the posts even, i.e. made walls to connect them in one line. Succ. 19ᵃ כשה׳ את קירויו when he made its ceiling even, i.e. extended it in a horizontal direction over the whole building; a. e. to compare, make alike, place on a level standard. B. Bath. VIII, 5 וה׳ להן את חבכור and made the first-born alike with them, i.e. assigned to him an equal share with his brothers. Nidd. 46ᵇ ה׳ הכתוב הקטן כגדול וכ׳ the Scriptural text places the minor on a level with the adult as regards the laws of &c. Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵇ bot. ה׳ הכתוב מצוה … מצוה וכ׳ the Scripture puts the lightest command on a level with the most difficult (as regards reward). B. Kam. 15ᵃ; a. fr. to harmonize, find in harmony. Gen. R. s. 34 שה׳ דעתו לדעת וכ׳ for he found his (Antoninus’) opinion in harmony with the Scriptural intimation; ib. שהִשְׁוָהּ לדעת וכ׳ for he found it in harmony &c. Lev. R. s. 4; Yalk. Gen. 137 we are the majority עמנו לע"א (עצמיכם) מפני מה אינכם מַשְׁוִים why do you not accommodate yourselves to us with regard to idolatry? Ib. ומַשְׁוֶה אתה עמהן and dost thou create harmony among them (thy sons)? עד … להשוות עמך והַשְׁוֵה עם בניך instead of asking me to agree with thee, go and make harmony among thy sons; Lev. R. l. c. עד שאתה משוה אותנו לך והשוה את בניך; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁוָה to be compared, be equal. Yalk. Ex. 244 להִשָּׁווֹת, v. נָוָה. Pi. שִׁוָּה to place. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIX, 9 (ref. to Ps. XVI, 8, sq.) ובשביל ששִׁוִּיתִי וכ׳ and because I placed the Lord before me continually, therefore my heart rejoices &c.; a. e.— [to level obstacles, overcome temptations,] to achieve. Tanḥ. Naso 28 (ref. to מצליח, Gen. XXXIX, 2) שִׁוִּיתָ מה שלא ש׳ וכ׳ thou hast achieved what Adam could not achieve (to resist temptation), v. שְׁוִיָּה. Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּוֶּה to be made alike; to join. Num. R. s. 16²⁰ שאלו לא נִשְׁתַּוּוּ וכ׳ for if they had not joined the spies &c.; Tanḥ. ed. Bub. Sh’laḥ 20; (Tanḥ. ib. 11 שמעו). ↗ expanded

שְׁוֵי to be alike.—Part. שָׁוֵי, שָׁוֵוי; f. שַׁוְיָא, שַׁוְו׳; pl. שָׁוִין; שׁוְיָין, שָׁוָון. Targ. Y. Lev. XVI, 8. Targ. Y. Gen. I, 16. Targ. Ps. CXXXIX, 12; a. fr. to be worthy, deserve. Targ. II Esth. II, 1. to do alike, retaliate. Targ. Is. XVI, 6 (ed. Wil. שַׁוֵּי, Pa.). Targ. Job XXXIII, 27. to agree. Y. M. Kat. III, 82ᵃ bot. לא … לא שָׁוֵינָא ליה I do not like him, I do not agree with him (in age, temper, &c.); Y. Snh. I, 19ᵃ bot. לא שווייהנא ליה (read: לא שַׁוְויָיה נא). to be appropriate, fitting. B. Kam. 60ᵇ; Snh. 39ᵃ, v. תְּרֵי III. Pa. שַׁוֵּי to level, smooth, spread. Targ. Prov. VII, 16 (h. text רבד, v. תַּשְׁוִיתָא). (corresp. to שׂוּם, שִׁית) to place, set; to appoint, make; (with ל־ or כ־) to make alike, compare. Targ. Ps. XXXIX, 9. Targ. Y. Lev. XIX, 14 (O. שׂוּם). Targ. Jud. VI, 19. Targ. Gen. XXI, 14. Targ. Ps. LXXXI, 6; a. fr.—ש׳ לבא על to care for, mind.Targ. I Sam. IX, 20; a. e.—Y. Taan. II, beg. 65ᵃ (expl. Lam. III, 41) נְשַׁוֵּי … לכף ידינן וכ׳ let us make our hearts as even as the palm of our hand (remove all crookedness, cmp. פָּשַׁט, פְּשַׁט), and then (turn) to God in heaven; Lam. R. to l. c. נְשַׁוֵּוי … לגבי וכ׳. Kidd. 60ᵃ שַׁוּוּ נפשייהו כי שרגא וכ׳ they (the men who betrothed the same woman successively, to take effect after thirty, twenty, or ten days respectively) placed themselves in the same position as a pile of bricks, where each leaves room for the other. Keth. 22ᵃ שַׁוְּויָא לנפשה חתיכה וכ׳ she declared herself a piece of forbidden food (she declared herself a married woman; therefore, she cannot be believed when she afterwards says that she is unmarried); ib. 23ᵇ איהי שַׁוֵּיתָא וכ׳ she herself made herself &c. (and a witness testifying to the contrary cannot affect her status). Ib. 3ᵃ, a. fr. שַׁוְּיוּהָ רבנן וכ׳, v. בְּעִילָה. Ḥull. 97ᵇ שויוה רבנן כחתיכה וכ׳ the Rabbis declared that it should be considered as if it were a piece of a n’belah (v. נְבֵלָה); a. v. fr. to retaliate, v. supra. Af. אַשְׁוֵי to compare, consider as. Targ. Job XXX, 19 (not אֲשַׁוּוּ); a. e.—Pes. 78ᵃ מַשְׁוֵי ליה כטהור (or מְשַׁוֵּי, Pa.) considers it as clean; a. e. to consider, reflect on. Targ. Ps. XLVIII, 10 (h. text דמינו). Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּוֵּי, אִשְׁתַּוָּא, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּוֵי, אִשְׁתְּוָא to be placed, put. Targ. Ez. I, 15; a. e. to be compared, be made like. Targ. Ps. XLIX, 13. Ib. LXXXIX, 7; a. e. [to place one’s self in position, cmp. כּוּן Pi. a. Hithpa.,] to be attentive, ready to obey. Targ. Is. LXVI, 2; 5 (h. text חרד).—[Targ. Is. VI, 6 אשתוי Ar. a. ed. Lag., read: אשתדי, v. שְׁדֵי.—Targ. Y. Deut. XXVIII, 34 משתוין some ed., read: משתטין, v. שְׁטֵי.] ↗ expanded

שְׁוִי (preced.) equivalent, value. Y. Snh. X, 28ᵈ top והיתה הזקינה … בשִׁוְויוֹ וכ׳ the elder woman sold him an object for what it was worth, but the young woman said, take it for less; (Bab. ib. 106ᵃ בְּשָׁוֶה); Sifré Num. 131. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 40ᵃ top מעלה עמו בשִׁוְייוֹ וכ׳ he settles with the gentile partner for what it is worth, and gives half of its value to the priest; Tosef. Bekh. II, 1 בשִׁיוְיוֹ. Keth. 67ᵃ הכניסה לו … והרי הוא כשוויו (read: בש׳) if the wife brought him (uncoined) gold, it is valued and charged to him for what it is worth (he need not add one third in his marriage contract, as he must do in the case of cash); ib. והרי הן בשִׁוְויֵיהֶן and they are charged to him for their value; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁוִי ² B. Mets. 52ᵃ, v. עָשִׁיק II ↗ expanded

שָׁוְי part. of שְׁוֵי, q. v. = h. שָׁוֶה, valued, worth. Lev. R. s. 9; Yalk. Ps. 763, v. שׁוּם I ch. B. Mets. 7ᵇ שטרא דאית … כמה ש׳ וכ׳ how much is a dated document worth, and how much one without a date? B. Kam. 85ᵃ, v. מַגָּן; a. fr. worth its money, cheap. Ab. Zar. 34ᵇ דש׳ חמרא where wine is cheap. ↗ expanded

שַׁוְיָא (שְׁוֵי) [that which is levelled, smooth,] couch. Targ. Y. Deut. III, 11 (h. text ערש). Targ. I Sam. XX, 25 (h. text מושב). Targ. I Kings I, 47 (h. text משכב). Targ. Ps. IV, 5 שִׁיוּוּיֵכוֹן ed. Lag. a. oth. (some ed. שִׁיוּוּתְכוֹן). Ib. VI, 7; a. e.—Pl. שִׁוְיִין, שִׁוּוּיִין, שִׁי׳. Targ. Job XVII, 13.—V. תַּשְׁוִויתָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁוִיאוּ (v. שְׁוִי) reasonable price. Targ. II Esth. III, 8, v. עוּשְׁקָא. ↗ expanded

*שְׁוִיָּה (v. שָׁוָהPi. levelling, overcoming difficulties, achievement. Tanḥ. Naso 28; ed. Bub. 32 (ref. to מצליח, Gen. XXXIX, 2) אין מצליח אלא ש׳ וכ׳ the root צלח means levelling, as we read (II Sam. XIX, 18) וצלחו וכ׳ they ‘cut through’ the Jordan. ↗ expanded

שַׁוְיוּתָא , Targ. Y. Deut. XXVIII, 28, read: שַׁטְיוּתָא. ↗ expanded

שויחתא , v. שְׁוָוחָא ↗ expanded

שְׁוִילְיָא , v. שְׁוַולְיָא ↗ expanded

שְׁוִילְנַאי Sh’vilnay, colloquial name for a lewd woman. Snh. 82ᵇ (ref. to Num. XXV, 15) לא כזבי שמה אלא ש׳ (Ms. M. שוולאנאי Ms. K. שוולנאי; Ms. F. שולנאי, שלני) her name was not Cozbi but Sh.; והיינו דאמרי … ש׳ מאי בעיא thence arose the proverb, ‘between &c.’, v. אוּרְבָּנָא; Yalk. Num. 772 שְׁוַלְנַאי. ↗ expanded

שְׁוִיסְקְאֵל Sh’visḳ’el, a nickname for Ezekiel (v. next w.). Kidd. 70ᵃ ↗ expanded

שְׁוִיסְקֵי (Persian, v. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v.) roast. Pes. 96ᵃ (of the emurim (v. אֵימוּרִים) of the Passover sacrifice in Egypt) מאן לימא לן דלא עבדינהו ש׳ (ש׳ עבוד …) who tells us that they did not make a roast of them (and eat them)?—[B. Mets. 60ᵃ, Alf. Ms., v. שִׁיסְקִי.] ↗ expanded

שַׁוִּירֵי pl. n. pl. (cmp. שְׁיָירָא) Shavviré (Caravan Station). B. Mets. 18ᵃ a letter of divorce was found in which was written, בש׳ מתא וכ׳ at Sh. (which is) a place on the river (or canal) Rakhis. Ib.ᵇ top חיישינן לשני ש׳ we must apprehend the existence of two places by the name of Sh. ↗ expanded

שויתיתאה , Targ. Ps. XXIV, 2 ed. Lag., v. שִׁיתְאָסָא ↗ expanded

שׂוֹךְ , v. סוֹךְ ↗ expanded

שׁוֹךְ to be connected, attached. B. Mets. 98ᵇ מישַׁךְ, v. שָׁיֵיךְ. ↗ expanded

שׂוּכָּא (שכך, v. סכך) prickly bark. Sabb. 20ᵇ (expl. לכש, ib. II, 1) ש׳ דארזא the bark of a cedar tree. Ib. ש׳ דארזא עץ וכ׳ but the bark of cedar is mere wood (and cannot be used as a wick)! Answ. בעמרניתא וכ׳, v. עַמְרָנִיתָא.—V. שַׂוְוכָּא. ↗ expanded

שׁוּכְבְּתָא , v. שִׁכְבְּתָא ↗ expanded

שׂוֹכָה , v. סוֹכָה ↗ expanded

שׁוֹכְחָן (שָׁכַח) forgetful. Y. Peah I, 16ᵇ bot. [read:] הקב"ה אין לפניו שכחה הא בשביל ישראל נעשה ש׳ וכ׳ there is no forgetting before the Lord, but for Israel’s sake he becomes forgetful, for we read (Mic. VII, 18, reading נֹשִׁא, v. נָשָׁה) ‘forgetting iniquity &c.’; Yalk. Mic. 559 שַׁכְחָן. ↗ expanded

שׂוּכְלָא , v. סִכְלָא ↗ expanded

שׂוּכְלְתָן , v. סוּכְלְתָן ↗ expanded

שׁוּכְתָּא (Shaf. of נְכַת; v. שתך) corrosion, rust (cmp. Lat. morsus). Sabb. 65ᵃ אלא משום ש׳ וכ׳ but (if a coin is chosen to be put on a callus on the sole of the foot) on account of the corrosion (which softens the callus), let a metal foil be used! ↗ expanded

שׁוּל , Hithpol. הִשְׁתּוֹלֵל, v. שָׁלַל II. ↗ expanded

שׁוּל ² , a. Arab. savila) [that which hangs on, attachment,];du. שׁוּלַיִם, pl. שׁוּלִים skirts of a garment. Yalk. Deut. 829 פעמונים … שׁוּלֵי המעיל the bells which the high priest wore on the skirts of his cloak. lower part of the body, abdomen, buttock; contrad. to פה. Ohol. XI, 7 שהטומאה … שׁוּלָיו for the uncleanness (which the animal swallowed before it died) is assumed to take its way by its abdomen (and not through its mouth). rim at the bottom of a vessel, saucer attached to the vessel; in gen. the bottom, rest of a vessel. Kel. XXX, 1 שולי קערה וכ׳ the lower part of a (broken) vesssel or of a salver of glass, which one made available for use. Sabb. 30ᵃ נהפכו פני … כשולי קדרה the faces of David’s enemies turned (black) like the bottom of a pot; Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵈ, v. שָׁחַר II. Ohol. IX, 13 היתה עומדת על שׁוּלֶיהָ והיא כלי if the vessel stands on its rest, and it is available as a vessel (not defective). Tosef. ib. X, 3 היו שׁוּלָיו חדין וכ׳ if its rim at the bottom is sharp (not rounded), and there is not a handbreadth between its rim and the ground. Ib. 2 עמוד … שוליה של זו על פיה וכ׳ a column of pots …, the bottom of one on the mouth of the other &c. Dem. VII, 2 מה … בשולי הכוס what I intend to leave (of the wine) at the bottom of the cup; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹלָּא , pl. שׁוֹלַּיָּא, v. שׁוֹלְלָא. ↗ expanded

שׁוּלְגָּא , v. אַשְׁלְגָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּלְחָן , v. Ges. Thes. ed. Rödiger s. v.) plate, table. Ab. Zar. 68ᵇ, a. fr. עולה על ש׳ של מלכים is brought up on the royal table (is considered a delicacy). Y. Kidd. IV, beg. 65ᵇ גירי שׁוּלְחַן מלכים proselytes who joined for the sake of the royal table (to be members of the royal household); Yeb. 24ᵇ, v. שׁוּם II. Ab. III, 3 שלשה שאכלו על ש׳ אחד … משֻׁלְחָנוֹ של מקום when three persons eat at the same table, and hold conversation about the Law, they are considered as if eating from the table of the Lord (the altar), opp. זבחי מתים. Ber. 55ᵃ; Ḥag. 27ᵃ שלחנו של אדם וכ׳, v. כָּפַר. Bets. 20ᵇ שלא יהא שׁוּלְחָנְךָ מלא וכ׳ lest thy own table be full, and thy Master’s table (the altar) be empty. Kidd. III, 2 ואם הראה על הש׳ וכ׳ but if (he is a banker and) shows her the stipulated amount on the table (the money not being his own), she is not betrothed; a. fr.—Esp. the table for the show-bread in the Temple. Ḥag. III, 8. Men. XI, 5; a. fr.—Pl. שׁוּלְחָנוֹת, שֻׁלְ׳. Ib. 7. Shek. VI, 4 שלשה עשר ש׳ וכ׳ there were thirteen tables in the Temple. Ib. I, 3 בחמשה עשר בו ש׳ היו יושבין וכ׳ on the fifteenth of Adar changing tables were put up in the city, on the twenty-fifth, in the Temple; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוּלְחָנִי (preced.; cmp. τραπεζίτης) money-changer, banker. Tosef. Sabb. I, 8 ולא הש׳ בדינר וכ׳ nor must the money-changer (go out shortly before the Sabbath begins) with a Denar suspended from his ear; Sabb. 11ᵇ; Y. ib. 3ᵇ top. Num. R. s. 4 (interchanging with טרפסיטס), v. קָטָבְלִימָטִין. Tanḥ. Balak 4; Num. R. s. 20 (ref. to פתורה, Num. XXII, 5, v. פָּתוֹרָא I) ש׳ היה שהיו וכ׳ (כ) he was (like) a banker, for the kings of the nations consulted him &c., v. רָצַץ; a. fr.—Pl. שׁוּלְחָנִין. Y. Shek. I, end, 46ᵇ ש׳ היו נוטלין וכ׳ the money-changers took it (the agio of exchange) for their labors. ↗ expanded

שׁוּלְטָן , v. שִׁלְטוֹן h. ↗ expanded

שׁוּלְטַן (preced.) power, office, rulership. Targ. O. Gen. XXXVII, 8. Ib. XLIX, 10 (ed. Vien. שֳׁלְטַן). Targ. Mic. V, 1. Targ. Job XXV, 2; a. e. ruler’s staff, rod. Targ. O. Ex. XXI, 20 (ed. Vien. שֳׁלְ׳; h. text שבט). Targ. Is. X, 5; a. e.— ruler. Targ. Ps. LXIX, 16 Ms. (ed. מצולתא) [read:] ולא יסלעם למחפי עלי מצולתא ש׳ חסין and may no mighty ruler swallow me up by making the deep to cover me up; h. ואל תבלעני מצולה). ↗ expanded

שׁוּלְטָנוּת (preced.) rulership, office. Y. Ab. Zar. III, beg. 42ᵇ אם … שהן של ש׳ if it is sure that they (the images) represent officers, opp. של מלכים royal images (which are worshipped). Gen. R. s. 68, end (ref. to Gen. XXVIII, 12) אלו שרי … ששָׁלְטְנוּתָן גומרת בהן that means the genii of the four empires whose power is complete through them (?).—Pl. שׁוּלְטָנִיּוֹת, שָׁלְ׳. Gen. R. s. 82 היו מלכיות וש׳ רוצות וכ׳ (not ושלטנות; ed. Wil. ושלטוניות, corr. acc.) royalties and governorships were anxious to be connected with them, v. שִׁלְטוֹן. ↗ expanded

שׁוּלְטָנוּתָא Targ. Job XXV, 2 (sec. vers.). Targ. Ps. CXLV, 13. Targ. Koh. VI, 3. ↗ expanded

שׁוּלְטָתָא (שלט) posts (?). Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 2) אתבעה ארזין ארבעתי ש׳ דערסא the four cedars (in the dream) mean the four posts of the bedstead; (Y. Maas. Sh. V, end, 55ᶜ שיטתיה), v. שִׁיטָתָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁוַלְיָא (שול, cmp. שפל, v. Barth Et., v. Barth Et. St. p. 31) servant, apprentice. Pes. 108ᵃ ש׳ דנגרי (Ms. M. שְׁוִילְיָיא; Ar. שְׁוַו׳) carpenters’ apprentice; Macc. 8ᵇ. B. Kam. 32ᵇ bot. ש׳ דנפחי (Ms. M. שויליא; Ms. R. שְׁוֵילָא) smiths’ apprentice.—[Sabb. 96ᵇ (in Hebr. dict.) שַׁוְולֵיהֶן Ar.; (Ms. M. שַׁוְלֵיהֶם, שַׁוְלֵיהֶן, Ms. O. שַׁוְולֵיהֶן, שַׁוְולַיְהוּ; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; ed. לשואליהן) their apprentices, v. שָׁאַל.] ↗ expanded

שׁוֹלְלָא (שלל; cmp. שַׁלְשֵׁל I) foot-chain.—Pl. שׁוֹלְלַיָּא. Targ. Mic. I, 8 בש׳ (ed. Lag. בשׁוֹלַּיָּא) in chains (h. text שׁוֹלָל; cmp. Targ. Job XII, 17). ↗ expanded

שׁוּלְשֶׁילְתָּא , v. שַׁלְשֶׁלְתָּא ↗ expanded

שׁוּלָמִי Shulami, Hash-Shulami, twin-town town of N’miré, v. נְמִירֵי. Tosef. Bekh. VII, 3; Bekh. 55ᵃ של נמר (corr. acc.); Y. B. Bath. III, 14ᵃ top שְׁלוֹמִי. ↗ expanded

שׁוּלַמִּית the Shulamite, one of the personages of Solomon’s Song; (homiletics) symbolic name of Israel. Cant. R. to VII, 1; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׂוּם v. סוּם) to place, put, appoint, make. Ber. 39ᵇ ששַׂמְתָּ שלום וכ׳ thou hast made peace between the scholars. Mekh. B’shall. introd. במקום הזה שָׂמוּהוּ in this place they (the Egyptians) have put him (Joseph). Ber. 28ᵇ מודה … ששמת חלקי וכ׳ I thank thee, O Lord, that thou hast appointed my lot to be with those who sit in the school-house, and not with those who abide at the corners (idlers); a. fr. Hif. הֵשִׂים same. Yeb. 45ᵇ שאתה מֵשִׂים, v. מְשִׂימָה. Ber. 16ᵇ ותָשִׂים חלקנו וכ׳ and that thou mayest place our lot in paradise. Ib. שתשים שלום וכ׳, v. פַּמִילְיָא. Snh. 99ᵇ כל העוסק … משים שלום וכ׳ whosoever is engaged in the study of the Law for its own sake, causes peace to reign &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׂוּם ² Targ. O. Lev. XIX, 14 (v. סוּם I ch.; Y. תְשַׁוּוּן). Targ. O. Gen. L, 26 (ed. Berl. וסמוהי); Y. II ושמוהי (Y. I ושַׁוּוּן). Targ. Prov. XXII, 17. Ib. XXIV, 32; a. fr.—V. סוּם I ch. Ithpe. אִתְּשָׂם to be placed. Targ. Hag. II, 15. Targ. Esth. IV, 3. ↗ expanded

שׁוּם 1 (cmp. preced.) [to arrange; cmp. עָרַךְ, סָדַר,] to value, estimate; to mark, name. Gitt. V, 1; Tosef. Keth. XII, 2 שָׁמִין להן, v. עִידִּית. Keth. 67ᵃ, v. שְׁוִי. Macc. 3ᵃ כיצד שמין how do we assess (the fine)? Y. Kidd. I, 60ᵈ bot. (expl. נעשח דמים באחר, Mish. Kidd. I, 6) דבר שהוא צריך לָשׁוּם that which has to be prized (which is not itself a standard value). B. Mets. IX, 3 המקבל … שמין אותה וכ׳ if one rents a field on shares and lets it lie waste, we estimate how much it ought to yield &c. Tosef. ib. IX, 9 השָׁם, v. שׁוּם II; a. v. fr.—M. Kat. 5ᵃ (ref. to וְשָׂם, Ps. L, 23) כל השָׁם אורחותיו וכ׳ he who calculates his ways (weighs the consequences of his doings) will be allowed to see the salvation of the Lord (in the hereafter); אל תקרי וְשָׂם אלא וְשָׁם וכ׳ read not v’sam but v’sham &c.; Sot. 5ᵇ; Yalk. Ps. 763; (Lev. R. s. 9 דשָׁיֵים אורחיה).—Part. pass. שׁוּם; f. שׁוּמָה; pl. שׁוּמִים; שׁוּמוֹת. Tosef. B. Kam. X, 1 רואין אוֹתן כאילו הן ש׳ אצל אחרים we consider them (the forcibly taken animals) as if they had been valued (sold for their value) with others, i.e. the robber pays the value of the animals as it was at the time of the robbery; B. Kam. 95ᵃ כאילו היא שומה אצלו בכסף as if the animal had been sold at its value to him (the robber), for cash; ib.ᵇ שומא (Chald. form); ib. רואין … ש׳ אצלו למחצה וכ׳ we consider it, as if it had been valued &c., for the purpose of establishing the additional amount which he has to pay for the increase in value, which is either one half, or one third, or one fourth (according to local usage). Arakh. 21ᵇ וכך היא שומה וכ׳ Rashi (ed. שומא) and so much has it been appraised; whosoever wishes to buy &c.; a. e. Nif. נִישּׁוֹם to be valued, assessed. Kidd. 28ᵃ, v. דָּמִים. Keth. 66ᵇ במנה הנִישּׁוֹם … המתקבל when saying ‘for each Maneh’ (Mish. ib. VI, 4), does that mean for each Maneh as it is valued (by the woman’s relatives), or for each Maneh with which he charges himself (one fifth less)?, v. שׁוּם II; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוּם —Part. שָׁיֵים. Lev. R. s. 9 (ref. to וְשָׂם, Ps. L, 23, v. preced.) דשיים אורחיה סגי שוי (some ed. שגי) he who calculates his way, will be worth much; Yalk. Ps. 763 שגי שוי. B. Kam. 47ᵃ פרה … שָׁיֵימְנָא לך I injured a pregnant cow of thine, and I will estimate (and pay thee) the value of a pregnant cow; a. e.—Part. pass. שׁוּם; f. שׁוּמָא, v. preced. Pa. שַׁיֵּים to tax, impose fine. Lam. R. to II, 1 (expl. יעיב, ib.) איך ש׳ ה׳ ברוגזיה וכ׳ how heavily the Lord in his anger taxed the daughter of Zion!, v. חוּב ch., a. עִיב. ↗ expanded

שׁוּם 2 (preced.) valuation, estimate. B. Kam. I, 3 ש׳ כסף, v. שָׁוֶה. Tosef. B. Mets. IX, 9 השם קמתו … את שׁוּמוֹ וכ׳ if one prizes (and buys) his neighbor’s standing corn as ten Cors of wheat, and it yields less or more, the seller has to deliver the estimated quantity (no more nor less); Rabbi Judah says, עשה בפחות נותן לו את שומו וכ׳ if it yielded less, he has to deliver the estimated quantity, if more, he has to deliver whatever it yielded; a. fr.—Esp. the description and valuation of seized property and its advertisement for public sale. Arakh. VI, 1 ש׳ היתומים שלשים יום the advertisement of orphans’ property must be made thirty days in succession (before the sale); Tosef. ib. IV, 1. Tosef. Keth. XI, 2; B. Bath. 107ᵃ שלשה שירדו לש׳ וכ׳ if of three experts called to appraise seized property, one says, it is worth a Maneh &c.; a. fr. appraised goods brought into marriage by the wife. Keth. VI, 3 (66ᵃ) פסקה … וכנגד הש׳ וכ׳ if she promises to bring him a thousand Denars, he must obligate himself for fifteen Maneh (as her jointure); but for appraised goods brought to him, he obligates himself for one fifth less than the appraised value. Ib. ש׳ במנה ושוה מנה וכ׳ (Y. ed. ש׳ מנה) if the agreement reads, ‘the goods are charged to the husband for one Maneh and worth a Maneh’, he can claim only one Maneh’s worth of goods; ש׳ במנה היא וכ׳ but if it reads merely, ‘the goods are charged for one Maneh’, she must bring in the value of thirty-one Selaim and one Denar (Tosaf.; differ. in Rashi). Tosef. ib. VI, 6 מקום … מן הש׳ וכ׳ where the usage is not to charge the husband less than the appraised value &c.; a. fr. (Chaldaism) name, title; לְשׁוּם in the name of, for the sake of, for the purpose of, in the capacity of. Gitt. IV, 4 עבד … אם לש׳ עבד וכ׳ if a slave was taken captive, and some one redeemed him: if he redeemed him as a slave, he may be held as a slave (of his redeemer), if as a freed man &c. Ib. III, 1 כל גט שנכתב שלא לש׳ אשה a letter of divorce not written with the intention to be used for a special woman. Ib. VIII, 5 כתב לש׳ מלכות אחרת if a letter of divorce is dated in the name of a strange government; (Bab. ed. 79ᵇ שאינה הוגנת, v. הוּגָּן). Yeb. 24ᵇ איש שנתגייר לש׳ אשה a man that embraced the Jewish religion for the sake of a woman; לש׳ שולחן מלכים for the sake of the royal table (v. שׁוּלְחָן); לש׳ עבדי שלמה for the sake of being one of Solomon’s servants; a. v. fr.— [Ib. 47ᵇ לשֵׁם שפחות in her capacity as a slave; לשם שחרור with the purpose of making her a freed woman; a. fr.]—מִשּׁוּם a) in the name of. Maas. Sh. III, 6 ר"ש … מש׳ ר׳ יוסי R. S. ben J. says in behalf of R. José (quoting R. J. as author). Eduy. VIII, 5; a. v. fr.—b) because of, as coming under the category of; for the sake of (preventing). Bets. 2ᵇ, a. fr. גזדה מש׳, v. גְּזֵרָה. Sabb. 17ᵇ מש׳ שמנן, v. גָּזַר. Ab. Zar. 26ᵃ, a. fr. מש׳ איבה, v. אֵיבָה. Sabb. 70ᵇ כלום פריש … מש׳ מלאכות … מש׳ שבת does any one abstain from doing a thing on the Sabbath for any reason but because of the prohibition of labors, and does one abstain from any labor for any reason, but because of the Sabbath? Ib. 73ᵇ חייב מש׳ נוטע is guilty, because the act comes under the category of planting. Kil. I, 9 אינו חושש לא מש׳ כלאים וכ׳ he need not hesitate to use it either on the ground of forbidden mixture, or on the ground of the Sabbatical year (in which planting is forbidden), or because it is subject to tithes. Ib. IX, 8 אין אפור מש׳ וכ׳ nothing is forbidden as mixture of wool and linen unless it is spun &c.; a. v. fr.—Ber. 5ᵇ מש׳ תורה דלא וכ׳ (dost thou weep) on account of the Law, that thou hast not attained much?; או מש׳ מזוני or on account of thy support (that thou art poor)?—משום שֶׁ־, (Chald.) מש׳ דְּ־; על שום שֶׁ־, (Chald.) על ש׳ ד־ because. Pes. X, 5 פסח על ש׳ שפסח וכ׳ the Passover sacrifice is eaten, because the Lord passed over &c. Y. Naz. II, beg. 51ᵈ מש׳ שהוציא וכ׳ because he uttered the word nazir. Keth. 63ᵇ מש׳ דרב זביד וכ׳ because Rab Zebid is a great man &c.; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוּם ² , name. Targ. Gen. II, 11. Targ. Y. ib. V, 2. Targ. I Chr. XVI, 2; a. fr.—V. שְׁמָא.—עַל שׁ׳, מִשּׁ׳, v. preced. ↗ expanded

שׁוּם 3 (b. h.) garlic. Maasr. V, 8, v. בְּכִי II; Tosef. ib. III, 14 איזהו ש׳ בעל וכ׳ what species of garlic is named Baal (bek) garlic?, v. זוּר II. Ber. 51ᵃ. Kil. I, 3 הש׳ והשומנית (garden) garlic and wild garlic; Tosef. ib. I, 2; a. fr.—Pl. שׁוּמִים, שׁוּמִין. Sabb. 118ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוּמָא = h. שׁוּם II, estimate, appraisement, esp. the appraisement of valuables brought into marriage by the wife. Keth. 66ᵇ ש׳ רבה an appraisement of great proportions, ש׳ זוטא of small proportions; ש׳ דידיה his (the husband’s) appraisement, ש׳ דידה her appraisement (made in her paternal home). settlement, compromise. B. Bath. 107ᵃ (if three appraisers differ) עושין ש׳ ביניהן ומשלשין we compromise between them by taking the difference between the highest and the lowest estimates and dividing it by three, i.e. by adding one-third of the difference to the lowest estimate; Tosef. Keth. XI, 2 עושין אותה ש׳ ושמין אותה שליש ed. Zuck. (Var. עושין שׁוּמָה ביניהן וכ׳; oth. ed. עושין אותו ש׳ ביניהן ושמין אותן שליש). [B. Kam. 95ᵇ, a. e. שומא, v. שׁוּם I]. ↗ expanded

שׁוּמָא ² (שׁוּם I; cmp. סִימָן) mark, mole, wart. Nidd. 46ᵃ בן תשע שנים … ש׳ if a child nine years old has two hairs (under the arm &c.), it is a mole (and no sign of puberty); Y. Yeb. X, 11ᵇ bot. Y. Kidd. II, 62ᵈ ש׳ שאין בה שיער a mole with no hair; Tosef. Keth. VII, 9; Keth. 75ᵃ. Tosef. Yeb. XIV, 4 מעידין על הש׳ we accept testimony (of a husband’s death) on identification by a mole; B. Mets. 27ᵇ; Yeb. 120ᵃ. Ib. ש׳ מצויה בבן גילו, v. גִּיל II. Tosef. Bekh. V, 5. B. Mets. l. c. בש׳ סימן מובהק הוא וכ׳ they differ as to whether a mole can be considered a distinguishing mark for identification; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוּמָא ³ v. סוּמָא II ↗ expanded

שׁוּמְדָּא , v. שְׁמָדָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּמָה , v. שׁוּמָא ↗ expanded

שׂוּמָה , v. שִׁימָה ↗ expanded

שׁוּמִּירָה , v. שׁוּמְּרָה ↗ expanded

שׁוֹמֵירָה , v. שׁוֹמֵרָה ↗ expanded

שׁוּמָן (שָׁמַן) fat. Sot. IX, 12 (with the destruction of the Temple) ניטל שׁוּמַן הפירות the fruits lost their fatness. Ib. 13 המעשרות נטלו את ש׳ הדגן when the tithes ceased, the corn lost its fatness. Bekh. 18ᵃ ש׳ יהא ביניהן the fatter of the two animals remains under litigation, v. שָׁמַן. Y. B. Kam. IX, beg. 6ᵈ מחזיר לו את הש׳ he must make restitution for the fat animal (as it was before it deteriorated); a. fr.—Esp. the permitted fat of animals, contrad. to חֵלֶב. Ker. IV, 1 ש׳ וחלב לפניו if a person had before him permitted fat and forbidden fat. Lev. R. s. 22 את החלב התרתי לך את הש׳ (I forbade thee) ḥeleb, and (as an offset) I allowed thee shuman; a. fr.—Ab. Zar. 35ᵇ ש׳ חזיר lard; Ḥull. 91ᵃ שַׁמְנוֹ (Ms. M. שׁוּמְנוֹ) the fat on the sinew of the hip; ib. 92ᵇ (Ms. M. שומ׳, a. once שמ׳); Pes. 83ᵇ שמ׳. ↗ expanded

שׁוּמְנָא Targ. Y. Num. XI, 8 (h. text שמן). Targ. Jud. III, 22. Targ. Ps. LXXIII, 7.—Ḥull. 111ᵃ טחלא ש׳ וכ׳ the milt is mere fat (a glandular substance with no large blood-vessels). ↗ expanded

שׁוּמְנוּנִיתָא f. same. Targ. Y. I Lev. VII, 30 (a gloss to תרבא).—V. שַׁמְנוּנִיתָא. ↗ expanded

שׁוּמָנִית (שׁוּם III) wild garlic. Kil. I, 3, Tosef. ib. I, 2 (Var. שמנים, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שׁוּמְעָנָא (שְׁמַע) reputation. Meg. 25ᵇ, v. סְנֵי. Ib. דשפיר שׁוּמְעָנֵיה who is well spoken of. M. Kat. 17ᵃ ↗ expanded

שומפוזין , a corrupt. of טוֹמְפַּזְיוֹן m. (τοπάζιον) topaz. Ex. R. s. 38, end (corresp. to h. פטדה; v. LXX Ex. XXVIII, 17). ↗ expanded

שׁוֹמֵר watchman, guard, keeper. Y. Taan. I, 64ᵃ top (expl. Is. XXI, 11) מה מילל ש׳ העולמים what did the keeper of the world say? Lev. R. s. 36 מה גפן זו הש׳ שלה עומד למעלה וֹכ׳ as the guard of the grape vine (vineyard) stands high (in the שׁוֹמֵרָה), so is Israel’s guard above. Ḥag. 15ᵇ אפי׳ ש׳ הפתח וכ׳ even the gate-keeper (of Gehenna) could not stand before thee; a. fr.—Esp. one in whose charge an object is given, bailee, ש׳ חנם an unpaid bailee; ש׳ שכר a paid trustee. B. Mets. 93ᵇ; a. fr.—[Shebu. VIII, 1; B. Mets. VII, 8 נושא שכר, sub. שומר].—Trnsf. that part of a plant or of a body which serves as a protection (e.g. leaves, skin). Ber. 36ᵇ היכא אמרינן דנעשה ש׳ לפירי וכ׳ we call a part of a plant a guard of the fruit only, if the plant dies when the guard is removed. Ukts. I, 1. Ḥull. 119ᵇ בשדרה משום ש׳ it refers to the stem of an ear, and because it is ‘a guard’; a. fr.—Pl. שׁוֹמְרִים, שׁוֹמְרִין. B. Mets. l. c. שׁוֹמְרֵי פירות וכ׳ watchmen of fruits may eat (of them) by local usage, but not by Biblical law. Ib.; Shebu. l. c. ארבעה ש׳ הן וכ׳ these are four classes of bailees. Ib. 49ᵇ שבועת ש׳ the oath required of bailees (Ex. XXII, 9 sq.); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוּמָּר fennel (v. Löw Pfl., p. 382 sq.). Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ bot. ש׳ וכרפס מה נפיק מנהון פיטרוסילינון quot. in R. S. to Kil. I, 4 (ed. corrupt) what comes out of mixed seeds of fennel and parsley? Rock-parsley. ↗ expanded

שׁוּמְּרָה , or dill. Y. Dem. I, 21ᵈ top שמירה (corr. acc.), v. גּוֹפָן. Ib. ש׳ שמר מרה וכ׳, v. מְתַל I. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹמֵרָה (שָׁמַר) watch-shed, watch-tower, lodge. Kil. V, 3. B. Bath. IV, 8 (68ᵇ) הש׳ שאינה עשויה בטיט (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 90) a watch-shed not plastered with clay (movable). Ib. 69ᵃ השומי׳. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹמְרוֹן , v. שֹׁמְרוֹן ↗ expanded

שׁוּמְשׁוּם (prob. fr. שֶׁמֶשׁ) [sun-flower,] sesamum, sesame (Assyr. šamaššamu). T’bul Yom I, 5 ed. Dehr. (ed. שֻׁמְשׁוּם). R. Hash. 13ᵃ; Men. 103ᵇ כביצה חסר ש׳ the size of an egg less that of a sesame seed. Ib. 16ᵇ הקטיר ש׳ לאכול ש׳ if he burnt (the handful of the offering), the size of a sesame grain at a time, or with the intention to eat (the remainder), a sesame grain at a time; a. e.—Mostly pl. שׁוּמְשְׁמִים, שׁוּמְשְׁמִין. Shebi. II, 7. Ḥall. I, 4. Mekh. Bo, s. 8. Sifré Num. 146. Sabb. II, 2 שמן ש׳ sesame oil (used in lamps). Tosef. ib. II, 3 מה יעשו … שמן ש׳ what shall the Babylonians do who have nothing but sesame oil? Y. Yoma II, 39ᶜ top אפי׳ ש׳ even as much (of the incense) as the size of a sesame seed. ↗ expanded

שׁוּמְשׁוּק (cmp. Gr. σάμψυχον) Marjoram, a species of hyssop. Sabb. 109ᵇ (expl. אזוב) ש׳ (Ar. שמשק). Ib. וש׳ … הכי and shumshuḳ is found to have that shape (as the Biblical hyssop is described to have). ↗ expanded

שׁוּמְשְׁמָא = h. שׁוּמְשׁוּם, sesame or poppy. Sot. 3ᵇ, v. זְנוּתָא, a. תּוּקְפָא.—Pl. שׁוּמְשְׁמֵי. Ber. 38ᵃ דש׳ קא אמרת וכ׳ (Ar. דשושמי) by טְרִימָּא do you mean a preparation of sesame (or poppy) seeds, or of safflower? M. Kat. 12ᵇ למיעקר ש׳ to pluck sesame plants (during the festive week). Ib. ש׳ … לנזיי, v. נִזְיי. Sabb. 23ᵃ משחא דש׳ sesame oil; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוּמְשְׁמִים , v. שׁוּמְשׁוּם ↗ expanded

שׁוּמְשְׁמָנָא (transpos. of משמש, cmp. שַׁמָּשׁ) [the busy one,] ant. Targ. Prov. VI, 6 (ed. Lag. שומשמנה; Ar. everywhere שׁוּשְׁמָנָא).—Sabb. 66ᵇ, v. גַּמְלָנָא. Yeb. 76ᵃ (ed. שׁוּמְשָׁנָא). Ib. 118ᵇ; Keth. 75ᵃ, v. כּוּרְסַיָּא.—Pl. שׁוּמְשְׁמָנֵי. Targ. Prov. XXX, 25 (Ms. שׁוּמְשָׁנֵי).—Ned. 24ᵇ קינא דש׳ an ant nest. ↗ expanded

שׁוּמְשָׁנָא , v. preced. ↗ expanded

שׂוֹנֵא hater, enemy. Snh. III, 5 האוהב והש׳ a friend and an enemy (are disqualified as witness or judge); ש׳ כל שלא דבר וכ׳ an enemy is he who has not spoken to the person concerned for the last three days on account of his hostility. B. Mets. 32ᵇ אוהב לפרוק וש׳ לטעון מצוה בש׳ וכ׳ if there is a friend that needs help to unload, and an enemy that needs help to load, it is proper to help the enemy in order to bend his animosity. Ib. ש׳ דקרא the case of the enemy mentioned in the Scripture (Ex. XXIII, 5, where the release of the beast is concerned), ש׳ דמתניתן that of our Boraitha (just quoted). Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXIII מי שעושה שׁוֹנְאוֹ אוהבו ed. Schechter (a hero is he) who makes his enemey to be his friend; a. e.—Pl. שׂוֹנְאִים, שׂוֹנְאִין. Sot. 9ᵃ משה ודוד שלא שלטו שׂוֹנְאֵיהֶם וכ׳ Moses and David over whose works their enemies got no control; a. fr.—Succ. 29ᵃ, a. fr. שונאיהם של ישראל euphem. for Israel ↗ expanded

שׁוּנָאנָא (Pers. snan) a kind of alkali. Sabb. 90ᵃ, v. אַשְׁלְגָא. ↗ expanded

שׁוּנָּה , v. שׁוּנִּית ↗ expanded

שׁוּנְיָא Shunya in Babylonia. Kidd. 72ᵃ; Y. ib. IV, 65ᵈ top שָׁנְיָיא; Y. Yeb. I, 3ᵇ top שניו׳ עוונייא (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שׁוּנִּית (denom. of שֵׁן; v. מְשׁוּנִּיתָא) cliff, rocky bluffs. Ohol. XVIII, 6 ואיזה הש׳ וכ׳ how far is it called shunnith (for ritual purposes)? As far as the sea comes up when it is rough. Y. Shek. VII, 50ᶜ bot. שׁוּנַּת הים, שונת הנהר; Tosef. B. Mets. II, 2 Var. שֻׁנִּית, v. שְׁנוּנִית. ↗ expanded

שׁוּנִּיתָא Koh. R. to XI, 1; ib. to V, 8 שׁוּנְּתָא, v. מְשׁוּנִיתָא; Lev. R. s. 22; Num. R. s. 18 (some ed. שינותא, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שׁוּנָּרָא c. (contr. of שנוור; שְׁוַור; cmp. טִינָר, צִינוֹק; Arab. sinnawr) cat. Targ. II Esth. I, 2.—Ḥull. 53ᵃ ספק … ש׳ if it is doubtful whether it was a dog or a cat that attacked the fowls. Ib. 53ᵇ Snh. 105ᵃ, v. כַּרְכּוּשְׁתָּא. B. Mets. 97ᵃ; a. e.—Ber. 56ᵇ הרואה חתול … שׁונׄׄ נעשה לו שׁינׄ רע … שׁורׄׄׄ נעשה לו שׁירׄ נׄׄ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.; ed. שונרא שירה נאה … שינרא שינוי רע) if one sees a cat in his dream. in a place where they call it shunnara, it means that a bad change is prepared for him; where it is called shurana, it means that a sweet song (joy) &c.—Pl. שׁוּנָּרִין, שׁוּנָּרַיָּיא. Targ. II Esth. l. c. (in a corrupt sentence, v. טוּס ch.).—Ber. l. c. Ms. F.—Fem. שׁוּנַרְתָּא. Ib. 6ᵃ ↗ expanded

שׁוּנְּתָא , v. שׁוּנִּיתָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּסְקֵי , v. שִׁיסְקֵי ↗ expanded

שׁוּסְתָּג (v. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v.) a piece of cloth. Gitt. 69ᵇ Ar. (ed. שי׳). ↗ expanded

שׁוּעַ (cmp. שעע) to be smooth, soft; trnsf. to be discouraged, to despair (cmp. מָסַס). Gen. R. s. 44 (ref. to תשתע, Is. XLI, 10) היה לבו … אל תשתע … לא תָשׁוּעַ his heart was soft as wax, and the Lord sent him two angels …; to this refers what is written al tishtʿa …, be not soft (despair not); Yalk. ib. 115 אל תָּשׁוּעַ אל יהא לבך לשעוה be not soft, let thy heart not turn into wax (cmp. Ps. XXII, 15); Gen. R. s. 65; (Yalk. Is. 313 אל תירא ואל תשתע). [to smooth,] to card, hackle.—Part. pass. שׁוּעַ, pl. שׁוּעִים, שׁוּעִין. Kil. IX, 8, a. e., v. נוּז. Ib. 9 לבדים … מפני שהן ש׳ felt clothes (of mixed material) are forbidden, because they are carded. Y. ib. IX, end, 32ᵈ הוינן אמרין הא שָׁע מותר we might have thought, but if one cards (wool and linen together), it is permitted; v. שַׁעַטְנֵז. Pi. שִׁיַּיע to make slippery, cause to slip (cmp. חָלַק). Gen. R. s. 77 end (expl. ותקע, Gen. XXX, 6) שִׁיְּיעָהּ (or שַׁיְּיעָהּ Chald.; not שייעא; ed. Wil. שעייא, read: שַׁעֲיָיהּ, v. שְׁעֵי) he (the angel) made it (the hollow of the thigh) slip (be dislocated); Cant. R. to III, 6; Yalk. Gen. 132 שעייה (not שת׳), v. supra. ↗ expanded

שׁוּעַ ² [to smooth over,] to plaster. Targ. O. Lev. XIV, 42 וִישׁוּעַ (Kimḥi וִישִׁיעַ, v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 35; some ed. ויסוע, corr. acc.). Targ. Y. Deut. XXVII, 2; 4. Targ. Ez. XIII, 12; a. e.—Part. pass. שִׁיעַ smooth. Ḥull. 47ᵇ (expl. דמיא לאופתא) יעָא דלית וכ׳שֻׁד when the lung is a smooth-surfaced mass, without incisions marking the lobes. to card. Part. pass. as ab. Targ. Y. Deut. XXII, 11. Pa. שַׁיַּיע to plaster. Ab. Zar. 47ᵇ דש׳ והדר שַׁיְּיעֵיה when he plastered once and plastered it over again. Gen. R. s. 38 [read:] אתי למֵישַׁיַּיע תרתין והוא שייע ארבע one came to plaster two (squares of a wall), and he plastered four; Yalk. ib. 62 אתי למֵישַׁע חדא והוא שייע ארבע. to cause to slip, v. preced. Ithpe. אִתְּשַׁע, אִשְׁתַּע to be plastered, daubed. Targ. O. Lev. XIV, 43; 48 (some ed. אִתָּשַׁע, v. שְׁעַע). to become a smooth mass. M. Kat. 25ᵇ אִישְׁתָּעוּ, v. מַחֲלָצַיָּיא. ↗ expanded

שָׁוַע , Pi. שִׁוֵּעַ (b. h.) to cry (for help). Ab. Zar. 4ᵃ (ref. to Job XXX, 24 שׁוּעַ) בשכר שמְשַׁוְּועִין וכ׳ as a reward for their crying before me, I will help them; Yalk. Job 918 כשמְשַׁוְּעִין וכ׳.—Denom. שַׁוְעָה. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹעַ (b. h.?; v. next w.) rock, fort.—Pl. שׁוֹעִים. Lam. R. introd. (R. Joḥ 1) (ref. to Is. XXII, 5) שהיו מקרקרין … על שׁוֹעֵיהֶם they tore down the walls of their houses and made of them breastworks, and placed them around their forts; Yalk. Is. 289. ↗ expanded

שׁוּעָא (שׁוּעַ or שְׁעַע; cmp. Targ. Ez. XXVI, 4 s. v. שְׁעִיעוּתָא) smooth rock. Targ. Prov. XXX, 19 h. text צור). ↗ expanded

שׁוֹעָא (preced.) [rock,] protector, magnate. Targ. Job XXXIV, 19 (v. Targ. Is. XXXII, 5). ↗ expanded

שַׁוְעָה cry (for help). Ber. 29ᵇ שמע שַׁוְעַת וכ׳ hear the cry of thy people &c. Deut. R. s. 2, beg. (one of the expressions for prayer); Yalk. ib. 811; Yalk. Sam. 157; Sifré Deut. 26; a. e.—Lam. R. introd. 32 (ref. to שועת, Jer. VIII, 19) דבור … זעקה ש׳ נאקה this word (שועה) has three meanings: cry, call for help, and anguish (or sigh); ib. רב … לשון פרפור הוא וכ׳ Rab Huna of Sepphoris said, it means writhing in agony of death (with ref. to Ez. XXX, 24, a. Job XXIV, 12); Yalk. Jer. 279. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹעֵי , v. next w. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹעִי (שְׁעֵי Ithpe.) 1) conversation, tale, talk. Targ. I Kings XVIII, 27 (h. text שיח). Targ. Jud. VII, 15 (h. text מספר). Targ. Prov. III, 32 (h. text סוֹד). Targ. II Kings IX, 11.—2) derisive talk, sneer, by-word. Targ. Hab. II, 6 (ed. Wil. שַׁוְעֵי; h. text מְלִיצָה). Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 37 (ed. Vien. שׁוֹעֵי; h. text שנינה). Targ. I Kings IX, 7 (ed. Wil. שׁוֹעֵי); Targ. II Chr. VII, 20. ↗ expanded

שׁוּעָל (b. h.) fox. Ned. 81ᵇ, a. e. לא מצינו ש׳ וכ׳, v. פִּיר. Sabb. VI, 10 (67ᵃ) שן ש׳ the tooth of a fox (a charm for insomnia or for drowsiness); a. fr.—Y. Sabb. X, 12ᶜ bot. ארי בן ש׳ a lion, son of a fox, a distinguished man, son of an inconspicuous father; B. Mets. 84ᵇ.—שבולת ש׳, v. שִׁיבּוֹלֶת.—Pl. שׁוּעָלִים. Cant. R. to II, 15, v. שֹׁעָל. Ab. IV, 15; Y. Snh. IV, 22ᵃ bot. ראש לש׳ head of foxes, opp. tail of lions, v. אֲרִי II. Succ. 28ᵃ, a. e. משׁלות ש׳, v. מָשָׁל; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹעָל v. שֹׁעָל ↗ expanded

שׁוֹעֵר gate-keeper. Deut. R. s. 2³ היה מבקש מן הש׳ וכ׳ asked the gate-keeper to be allowed to enter the palace; a. e.—Pl. שׁוֹעֲרִים. Gen. R. s. 91 וכן הש׳ כל אחד שלו and so did the gate-keepers report, every one his own (the name of one of the sons of Jacob); a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹעֵר ² , Poel of שָׁעַר, part. מְשׁוֹעֵר, v. שָׁעַר I. ↗ expanded

שׁוּף to blow. Num. R. s. 5, beg. וכיון … היתה האש שָׁפָה וכ׳ when the sparks (preceding the march of the Israelites) went forth, the fire blew (was wafted) towards those carrying the Ark; a. e.—Esp. (of the serpent, cmp. שָׂרָף; v. נָשַׁף) to emit poisonous breath, to poison. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCII (ref. to Ps. CXXXIX, 11) והיה יושב … וִישׁוּפֵנִי עקב and he (Adam) sat thinking in his heart, perchance the serpent that led me astray on the Sabbath eve will come and poison me in the heel. Lev. R. s. 15, end; Gen. R. s. 16; Yalk. ib. 22, v. נָשַׁף. ↗ expanded

ש to blow. Gen. R. s. 2 ברית כרותה … רוחא שָׁיְיפָא (not רוחה, רוחו) an assurance is given to the water that even during the hot season a wind shall blow.—Trnsf. (cmp. colloquial Engl. to blow) to be proud. Lev. R. s. 16 (ref. to גבהו, Is. III, 16) [read:] דהוויין שָׁיְפָן ברומהון they were proud of their high stature; Lam. R. to IV, 15 ש׳ ברומיהון. (v. נְשַׁף II) to slip. Ḥull. 42ᵇ בוקא … דשָׁף מדוכתיה a dislocated hip-bone; ib. 54ᵃ, sq. B. Mets. 84ᵃ bot. he lamented, (מיניה) עד דשף דעתיה (Ms. H. דשני) until his mind slipped (from him), he lost consciousness; a. e.—יתיב(ו) בי כנישתא דשף the synagogue of ‘He slipped’ (away from the Temple) ‘and settled’ (in Babylonia), name of a synagogue in Nehardea (a reference to the belief that the Divine Majesty went with Israel into the Babylonian exile). Meg. 29ᵃ; R. Hash. 24ᵇ; a. e. to crouch, crawl, slide. B. Bath. 7ᵃ שׁוֹף אכריסך וכ׳ crouch on thy belly and go in, crouch and go out, i.e. I am not bound to make the accesses to thy rooms. Snh. 88ᵇ שָׁיֵיף עייל שייף ונפיק וכ׳ he that crawls in entering, and crawls in leaving (is very humble), and studies the Law &c. Zeb. 14ᵇ דקשָׁיֵיף מֵישַׁף when he (in a sitting position) slid himself to the altar. Pa. שַׁיֵּיף to blow, fan. Sabb. 119ᵃ מְשַׁיֵּיף נורא Ar. (ed. מוֹשִׁיף Af.) fanning the fire. ↗ expanded

שׁוּף 2 to smooth, rub, polish, sharpen; to smear over, plaster. Kel. XIV, 5 משיְשׁוּפֶינּוּ (Mish. ed. משישׁוּפֶנּוּ; Ar. משיְשַׁפֶּנּוּ, fr. שָׁפָה I) a sword becomes susceptible of uncleanness when it is furbished. Ib. XVI, 1 משיְשׁוּפם בעור הדג when he smooths them by rubbing with the skin of a fish; Snh. 20ᵇ; Ned. 56ᵇ משיְשַׁפֵּם (Rashi משישופם). Kel. l. c. גמר שלא לָשׁוּף if he decided not to smooth them. Y. Ber. III, 5ᵈ bot. לאיזה דבר הוא שָׁפָהּ for what purpose should he polish it? Ḥull. 25ᵃ, sq.; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. II, 10. Tosef. Toh. VI, 12 ושָׁפָה את רוקו and she rubbed his spittle off (with her foot); שָׁפוֹת וכ׳ (להיות) … שכן for it is the habit of Israelitish women during menstruation to rub off &c. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵇ top רוקק ושָׁף he spits on the stone pavement and rubs it out (with his foot). M. Kat. I, 10 שָׁפִין את הסדקין you may plaster over the rifts in the roof (during the festive week). Sabb. XX, 3 ולא שפין אותן nor must you rub them (with the hand to cleanse them). Eduy. I, 8 שורין ושפין וכ׳ you must observe levitical cleanness when you soak them and rub (your body) with them. Sabb. 75ᵇ השף בין העמודים he who rubs (smooths skins) between columns; Y. ib. VII, 10ᶜ bot. השף את העור על גבי העמוד. Kel. XXX, 1 שָׁפָן בשופין files them with a file. Pes. II, 7 אבל שָׁפָה היא וכ׳ but she may rub (the bran) dry over her body (to soften her skin); a. fr. to run smoothly, glide. Gen. R. s. 6; Midr. Sam. ch. IX. (b. h.) to grind, crush, stamp. Sifré Deut. 315 שיהו חטים שָׁפוֹת זו וכ׳ that wheat grains rub against one another and drop &c., v. סֹלֶת; Yalk. ib. 944.—Midr. Till. to Ps. IV, 7 וישראל … ואתם באים לָשׁוּף אותה מן העקב and the Israelites say to them (the gentiles asking for a share in the hereafter), in how many troubles … we surrendered our lives for the sanctification of the Lord, and you want to stamp it (all this good) out of your heels (out of the ground)?; (ed. Bub. אותם על העקב, corr. acc.); Yalk. ib. 627 לשוף עצמיכם מן העקב (corr. acc.).—[Midr. Till. to Ps. XCII וישופני עקב, v. שׁוּף I.] Nif. נִישּׁוֹף to be rubbed off, made smooth, level. Tosef. B. Kam. X, 4 מטבע ונ׳ if he took by force a coin, and it became rubbed off (effaced). to be ground, crushed. Tosef. B. Mets. XI, 8 מוציא אדם זבלו … כדי שיִישּׁוֹף וכ׳ a man may take out his material for dung and place it in front of his house, that it may be stamped upon by the feet of man and beast; B. Kam. 30ᵃ; 81ᵇ; B. Mets. 118ᵇ כדי שיהא נישוף. B. Kam. 28ᵇ נשוף באבן (Ms. F. ונושף, read: נִישָּׁף) was smashed against a stone; (Y. ib. III, 3ᶜ top נחבט).—V. שָׁפַף. ↗ expanded

שׁוּף ² to rub (with oil), anoint; to rub off. Targ. II Sam. XII, 20. Ib. XIV, 2. Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 40 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. סוך); a. e.—Pes. 25ᵇ דשָׁיֵיף לה וכ׳ as he was rubbing his (sick) daughter’s skin with undeveloped grapes of ʿOrlah. B. Kam. 23ᵇ דשָׁף צלמי when the animal in scratching itself rubbed figures off (which were on the wall).—Part. pass. שִׁיף, שִׁיפָא. Ab. Zar. 52ᵇ, v. דִּינָרָא. to grind, crush, file. Targ. O. Deut. IX, 21 (Y. שפיית, fr. שְׁפֵי). Targ. Ps. XCIV, 5. Targ. Job XIV, 19; a. e.—[Snh. 64ᵃ דשייף קליה, v. שְׁאֵב.] Pa. שַׁיֵּיף same, to rub, grind, file. B. Kam. 98ᵃ שייפא בשופינא (read: שַׁיְּיפֵיה; Ms. M. שפייה, fr. שְׁפֵי) if he rubbed the stamp off with a file. Ithpol. אִשְׁתּוֹפַף to be crushed. Targ. Job XXX, 8 אִשְׁתּוֹפְפוּן Ms. (ed. ישתפפון, v. שְׁפַף). ↗ expanded

שׁוּף 3 (preced.) smooth-faced.—Pl. שׁוּפִים, שׁוּפִין. Kil. III, 2 אפונים הש׳ smooth beans (without incisions).—V. שִׁיף. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹפָה m., v. שׁוֹפִי I ↗ expanded

שׁוֹפוֹרֵי , v. שׁוֹפָרָא ↗ expanded

שׁוֹפֵט judge, ruler. R. Hash. 25ᵇ (ref. to Deut. XVII, 9) הא אין לך לילך אלא אצל ש׳ שבימיו this teaches that you have to go to him who is the authority in his days (independently of what your opinion about him may be); Yalk. Deut. 911; Yalk. Sam. 114. Ḥag. 14ᵃ (ref. to Is. III, 2) ש׳ זה דיין וכ׳ by shofeṭ is meant the judge that decides a true case according to truth; a. fr.—Pl. שׁוֹפְטִים. Sifré Deut. 144 (ref. to Deut. XVI, 18) אם יש שוטרים יש ש׳ וכ׳ where there are officers (to execute the law), there are judges; where there are no executors, there are no judges. Tanḥ. Shof’ṭim 2, v. שׁוֹטֵר. Y. Snh. I, 19ᵃ bot. (ref. to Deut. XXI, 2) זקניך שהן שׁוֹפְטֶיךָ thy elders that are thy judges. Ruth R. to I, 1 שׁוֹפְטֵיהֶם; B. Bath. 15ᵇ שׁוֹפְטָיו, v. שָׁפַט; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוּפְטָא , v. שִׁבְטָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּפְטָנָא (v. שִׁפְטָא) childish man, idiot.—Pl. שׁוּפְטָנֵי. B. Kam. 85ᵃ (speaking of how much a man would take for allowing his hand to be cut off) בש׳ עסקינן do we treat of idiots (who but an idiot would do such a thing)? B. Mets. 40ᵃ וכי בש׳ וכ׳ do we speak of idiots who lend on large measure and take back on small measure? B. Bath. 122ᵃ אטו בש׳ וכ׳ do we speak of idiots (that will part with their landed heirloom for money)?—V. שִׁיפּוּט. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹפִי 1 (שָׁפָה II, v. שִׁיפּוּי II) (fatty) protuberance, cap of the hip-bone. Ḥull. 92ᵇ גוממו עם הש׳ he peels the fat off even with the cap (v. גָּמַם). Ab. Zar. 25ᵃ (expl. השוק והעליה, I Sam. IX, 24) שוק וש׳ the leg and the cap; מאי והעליה דש׳ עילויה וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) what does v’heʿaleha mean? (That which is on top of it,) for the shofi is above the leg; Y. Meg. I, 72ᶜ bot. (Chald. dict.) שקא ושׁוֹפָה. ↗ expanded

שֹׁופִי 2 (שָׁפָה III) ease, comfort, smoothness. Nidd. IV, 6 דם הש׳ blood discharged in comfort (without travail), opp. קושי. Ib. 37ᵇ תרי בקושי וחד בש׳ twice with pain, and once in comfort; Y. Meg. I, 71ᵇ top שתים בש׳ ואחת בקושי (not באושי). Gen. R. s. 16, beg. (play on פׄישׁון, Gen. II, 11) מימיו מהלכין בש׳ its waters run smoothly; Yalk. ib. 21. Keth. 20ᵃ when he has been enjoying the usufruct שלש שנים ובש׳ for three years, and that in comfort (without protest by claimants); a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוּפְיָא Lev. R. s. 34 Ar. s. v. שף 3 (in an unintelligible quotation not found in ed.). ↗ expanded

שֹׁופִין (שׁוּף II) file. Kel. XXX, 1, v. שׁוּף II (Ar. שופינא). ↗ expanded

שֹׁופִינָא Targ. O. Deut. IX, 21 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. שׁוּ׳; Y. שֹׁופָנָא). Targ. I Sam. XIII, 21 (h. text פצירה).—B. Kam. 98ᵃ, v. שׁוּף II ch. ↗ expanded

שֹׁופַךְ , v. שֹׁובַךְ ↗ expanded

שֹׁופְכִים (שָׁפַךְ) that which is poured out into the gutter, waste-water. Sabb. VIII, 1 וכל הש׳ וכ׳ and the measure for all kinds of dirty waters is one-fourth of a Log (for Sabbath laws). Ib. 78ᵃ ש׳ למאי חזו what is waste water fit for? Ḥull. 105ᵇ משום ש׳ on account of the dirty water (on the roof, which may come down through the spout). B. Bath. 19ᵇ התם בש׳ there (in Mish. ib. II, 1) reference is made to a collection of urine to be poured out; a. e. ↗ expanded

שֹׁופָנָא , v. שֹׁופִינָא ↗ expanded

שֹׁופְנִין , v. שַׁפְנִינָא ↗ expanded

שֹׁופַע (שָׁפַע) plenty, liberality. Lev. R. s. 4 שלשה נוטלין בש׳ ונותנין בש׳ three powers take plentifully and give plentifully: the earth, the sea, and the government. ↗ expanded

שֹׁופָר [rounded; cmp. שְׁפוֹפֶרֶת,] horn, trumpet, Shofar, contrad. to חצצרות. R. Hash. III, 3 ש׳ של ראש השנה וכ׳ the horn for the New Year’s Day (used in the Temple) was from a mountain-goat, straight, and its mouthpiece was inlaid with gold. Ib. ש׳ מאריך וכ׳ the tone of the shofar was prolonged, that of the accompanying trumpets short. Ib. 4. Lev. R. s. 29; a. v. fr.—Pl. שֹׁופָרוֹת. R. Hash. III, 2, v. קֶרֶן. Lev. R. l. c. ובר"ה נוטלין שֹׁופְרוֹתֵיהֶן וכ׳ and on New Year’s Day they take up their Shofars and blow before the Lord, and he rises from the throne of justice to that of mercy &c.; ib. שֹׁופָרֵיהֶן; a. fr.—Esp. שופרות (also שופר) shofaroth, that section of the Musaf service of the New Year’s Day which treats of the shofar (of the Revelation). R. Hash. IV, 5 ש׳ ותוקע the reader recites shofaroth and blows. Ib. 6 אין פוחתין … מעשרה ש׳ you must cite no less than ten Biblical verses referring to the shofar. Ib. (32ᵃ) אין מזכירין מלכיות זכרונות וש׳ של פורענות Ms. M. (ed. זכרון מלכות ושופר) you must not cite verses referring to rulership, memorials, and shofar which allude to evil dispensations; a. e. horn-shaped box in the Temple to receive the money for sacrifices which are supplied by the Temple authorities. Tosef. Shek. III, 2 ונותן לש׳ and puts the money into the proper box. Ib. ש׳ של נדבה box for free-will offerings. Ib. 3 ש׳ לקינים box for bird offerings; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Shek. VI, 1; Tosef. ib. III, 1; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֹׁופָרָא Targ. Ex. XIX, 13 (h. text יובל). Ib. 16; a. fr.—Pl. שֹׁופָרַיָּא, שֹׁופָרֵי. Targ. Josh. VI, 4; a. e.—Targ. II Esth. IV, 16 שֹׁופוֹרֵי.—V. שִׁיפוֹרָא. ↗ expanded

שׁוּפְרָא (שְׁפַר) beauty, grace. Targ. Prov. XXXI, 30. Targ. Ps. XLV, 3. Ib. 12; a. fr.—Ber. 5ᵇ, v. בְּכָא. Ab. Zar. 20ᵃ דהאי ש׳ בלי עפרא (not שופריא) that the dust should destroy this beauty. B. Mets. 84ᵃ שׁוּפְרֵיה דר׳ יוחנן the beauty of R. J.; a. fr.—V. שֶׁפֶר ch. best portion. Targ. O. Num. XVIII, 29; 30; 32 (h. text חלב).—Pl. שׁוּפְרֵי. Pes. 3ᵇ קאכילנא ש׳ ש׳ I got the best pieces (of the Passover lamb) to eat. ↗ expanded

שֹׁופְרָזָא (Palez of שפר, v. שֹׁופָר) drinking horn.—Pl. שֹׁופְרָזֵי. Keth. 65ᵃ דהוו משקי ליה בש׳ כי האי that they gave him to drink of horns like this (as large as my arm).—[Ar. reads בשפר זייני soldiers’ horn (?).] ↗ expanded

שׁוּפְרֵי Beth-Shufré. Lev. R. s. 22 בקעת ב׳ ש׳ the valley of Beth-Sh. (Koh. R. to V, 8 טופת; Yalk. ib. 972 נטופא). ↗ expanded

שופריא , v. שׁוּפְרָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּפְתָּא (שׁוּף II) (cmp. שִׁפָּא) chip, pin. Gitt. 32ᵃ; Sabb. 102ᵇ, v. קוֹפִינָא. Hor. 13ᵃ אפי׳ ש׳ דמרא וכ׳ (not מרא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 400) they (the mice) gnaw even at the pin in the hoe.— the smooth part. Sabb. 140ᵃ ש׳ דתומא the inner part of garlic; (Ms. M. שִׂיפְוָותָא borders of garlic). ↗ expanded

שׁוּץ , v. שִׁיץ ↗ expanded

שׁוּצִינָא , v. sub שׁיצ׳. ↗ expanded

שוק , Targ. Ps. LXXIV, 3 משווק, משוק, v. שְׁוַוח II ↗ expanded

שׁוּק 1 Polel; cmp. נשק) to touch, join, come in contact; (cmp. חפץ) to desire.—Denom. תְּשׁוּקָה. Hithpol. הִשְׁתֹּוקֵק, , Nithpol. נִשְׁתֹּוקֵק (denom. of תשוקה = התשוקק) to long for (with על). Yeb. 62ᵇ (ref. to תשוקתך, Gen. III, 16) האשה מִשְׁתֹּוקֶקֶת על וכ׳ the wife has a desire for her husband when he is about to go on the road; Erub. 100ᵇ; Yalk. Gen. 32. Keth. 65ᵃ (ref. to שקויי, Hos. II, 7) דברים … משתוקקת עליהן וכ׳ things which a woman longs for: jewelry. Num. R. s. 10, beg. (ref. to שוקיו, Cant. V, 15) זה העולם שנ׳ הקב"ה וכ׳ that means the world, which the Lord has been longing to create; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוּק 2 (preced.) = תְּשׁוּקָה, desire, longing. Cant. R. to VII, 11 (ref. to תשוקתו, ib.) שלשה שוקין הן אין שׁוּקָן של ישראל וכ׳ there are three kinds of desires: Israel longs for none but for his father in heaven; אין שׁוּקָהּ של אשה וכ׳ woman’s desire is for her husband; אין שׁוּקוֹ של יצר וכ׳ the evil temptation longs for Cain and the like of him; אין שׁוּקָן של גשמים וכ׳ the rains desire the earth (ref. to ותשקקה, Ps. LXV, 10); v. תְּשׁוּקָה. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXVII (expl. ותשקקה, v. supra) תן לה שׁוּקָהּ ed. Bub. (oth. ed. תשוקתה) grant to her that for which she (the earth) longs.—Pl. שׁוּקִין, v. supra. ↗ expanded

שׁוּק 3 v. שׁוּק I) [meeting place,] market, street. Gen. R. s. 91 ש׳ של זונות the place where harlots meet. Pes. 110ᵃ בזמן שלא ראה פני הש׳ if he has not seen the open, i.e. if he has not been in the open air between one cup and the other. B. Kam. 115ᵃ תקנת הש׳ the market ordinance (that he who buys a stolen object publicly has a right to his purchasing money on restoring the object). Yeb. 53ᵃ התרת יבמה לש׳ making a y’bamah permitted to all the world, i.e. freeing a woman from her dependence on her brother-in-law. Ib. 98ᵇ פגע ביבמה לש׳ he might (on marrying her) strike on a ‘y’bamah abroad’, i.e. on one bound to another man as her yabam; a. v. fr.—Num. R. s. 20¹⁸, a. e. בעל הש׳ market commissioner.—Pl. שְׁוָוקִים, שְׁוָוקִין, שְׁוָקִ׳. Ib.¹⁷ (expl. קרית חצות, Num. XXII, 39) שעשה ש׳ של וכ׳ he arranged commercial markets. Sabb. 33ᵇ תקנו ש׳ וכ׳ they (the Romans in Palestine) made markets to place harlots there; Ab. Zar. 2ᵇ. Tosef. Makhsh. III, 8 הבאין מבית הש׳ that are brought back from the market houses; a. fr.—Constr. שׁוּקֵי. Erub. 29ᵃ, a. e. הריני … בש׳ טבריא I am (to-day) as bright as Ben ʿAzzai was in the meeting places of Tiberias; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹק v. שׁוּק I) [joint,] leg, foreleg, shoulder. Ber. 24ᵃ ש׳ באשה ערוה a woman’s bare leg is an indecent sight, i.e. you are not permitted to say your prayers in sight of it. Ḥull. X, 1 חייבין בחזה ובש׳ are subject to the law relating to breast and shoulder (Lev. VII, 34). Men. V, 6; a. fr.—Du. שׁוֹקַיִם. Gen. R. s. 98 שׁוֹקֵיהֶן, v. פָּחָז. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹקָא v. שָׁקָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּקָא = h. שׁוּק II, desire, pleasure, satisfaction. Cant. R. to VIII, 11 לית ש׳ מן גביכון no satisfaction comes from you (the angels), i.e. your compliance with the Law would afford no satisfaction to Me, because you have no temptations and trials to contend with. ↗ expanded

שׁוּקָא 2 = h. שׁוּק III, market, open place, street. Targ. Prov. I, 20 (h. text (חוּץ). Targ. Gen. IX, 22 (Y. ed. Vien. שׁוֹקָא); a. fr.—B. Bath. 22ᵃ יומא דש׳ market-day. Ib. נקיט ליה ש׳, v. נְקַט. Pes. 110ᵃ חזי אפי ש׳ went out in the open air, v. שׁוּק III. Cant. R. to VIII, 9 נפיק ליה לש׳ וכ׳ went to market to buy goods (v. מְקָמָא II); a. fr.—Pl. שׁוּקִין, שׁוּקַיָּא, שׁוּקֵי. Targ. II Sam. XXII, 43 (some ed. שקי, corr. acc.; Targ. Ps. XVIII, 43 אשקקי). Targ. Is. XXIV, 11. Targ. Prov. VII, 12; a. fr.—Y. Sabb. XVI, end, 15ᵈ בש׳ דארמאי in the streets of the gentiles; Y. Ned. IV, 38ᵈ בשׁוּקָאֵי; a. e.—V. שְׁקָקָא. ↗ expanded

שׁוּקָה , v. שׁוּקָא I ↗ expanded

שוקט , v. שׁוֹקֶת ↗ expanded

שׁוֹקִי (שָׁקָה) irrigation; שדה של ש׳ a field dependent on irrigation, opp. של בעל. Tosef. Shebi. II, 4; a. fr.—Num. R. s. 16²⁵ של שקר, read: שֹׁקִי; v. בַּעַל. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹקְיוּתָא (v. שׁוּק I; cmp. נֶשֶׁק) contact, combat. Cant. R. to I, 2 (play on ישקני, ib.) שׁוּקְיוּתְהוֹן על ידי their combat (in discussions of the Law) is for My sake; ib. מְשׁוּקְיוּתְהוֹן עלי; Yalk. ib. 981 משיקות הם עלי (read: מְשִׁיקוֹתֵיהֶם h. form, their combats &c.). ↗ expanded

שׁוֹקַעַת , v. next art. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹקְקֵי , v. שְׁקָקָא ↗ expanded

שׁוֹקֶת trough, gutter, a grooved stone to receive and carry off the overflow of a well, sink. Mikv. IV, 5. Tosef. Par. V (IV), 9 הש׳ שבטיט ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. השוקט, corr. acc.; R. S. to Par. V, 7 של טיט) a sink which is formed by a rim of clay. Ib. שׁוֹקַעַת שגממיות וכ׳ a sink which is surrounded by small cavities, if they are connected with the main sink &c. Par. VI, 1; Succ. 37ᵃ; a. fr.—[Tosef. Toh. X, 3, quot. in R. S. to Toh. IX, 1, v. עֵקֶל).—Pl. שִׁקְתוֹת. Par. V, 8. Gen. R. s. 73; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁוַר , v. שְׁוַור, שַׁוָּור. ↗ expanded

שׁוּר 1 to sing; Polel שׁוֹרֵר, v. שִׁיר I. ↗ expanded

שׁוּר 2 מִדְבַּר ש׳ desert of Shur (caravan road), v. כּוּב, a. next. w. ↗ expanded

שׁוּר 3 wall, fortification, stronghold. Gen. R. s. 98 (ref. to שׁוֹר, Gen. XLIX, 6; v. Targ. O. a. Y. 1) עקרתון שׁוּרָן של גרים you have uprooted the stronghold (reliance) of proselytes (by dealing faithlessly with the Shechemites); בשביל … עקרתם שורן וכ׳ in order to gratify your passion, you have uprooted &c. protected habitation, civilized condition (cmp. יִשּׁוּב), opp. מדבר. Ex. R. s. 24 (play on מדבר שור, Ex. XV, 22) עד שלא יצאו … נעשה העולם ש׳ before Israel went out of Egypt, the world was a desert (lawless); when they went forth, the world became civilized; עד שלא קיבלו … ש׳ before Israel received the Law, the world was a desert; when they received it, the world became &c. ↗ expanded

שׁוּר wall, fortification. Targ. O. Gen. XLIX, 6 (Y. I שׁוֹר; v. preced.). Targ. Lam. II, 8. Targ. Prov. XXV, 28; a. fr.—Lam. R. to II, 8 (expl. חל וחומה, ib.) ש׳ ובר ש׳ the large circumvallation and the smaller wall; Pes. 86ᵃ; Y. ib. VII, 35ᵇ bot. Y. B. Bath. II, 13ᵇ bot. ש׳ דחמץ the wall of Emesa; M.M. Kat. 26ᵃ ש׳ דלודקיא the wall of Laodicea; a. fr.—Pl. שׁוּרִין, שׁוּרַיָּא. Targ. Ex. XIV, 22. Targ. II Kings XXV, 4. Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 52; a. fr. (v. שׁוּרָה) line, road. Y. Keth. VII, 31ᶜ, v. פּוּתְיָא.—V. שׁוּרְתָא. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹר 1 , Fl. to Levy Talm. Dict. IV, p. 680) ox. B. Kam. 65ᵇ ש׳ בן יומו קרוי ש׳ an ox on the day of his birth is called shor (by ref. to Lev. XXII, 27). Ib. I, 1 הש׳ damage done by an ox (Ex. XXI, 28; XXII, 4). Ib. IV, 7 ש׳ המדבר the ox of the desert (aurochs, being ownerless). Kil. VIII, 6; Ḥull. 80ᵃ בר(ה) ש׳ wild ox, aurochs; a. fr.—Erub. 53ᵇ (in enigmatic speech) ש׳ משפט (not במשפט) = תור דין = תְּרָדִין, v. תְּרָדָא I.—Pl. שְׁוָורִים, שְׁוָורִין, שְׁוָר׳. Gen. R. s. 75 (ref. to Gen. XXXII, 6) משור אחד יצאו ש׳ הרבה from the one ox (which I originally possessed) many oxen went forth. B. Kam. III, 8. Y. Gitt. IX, 46ᵈ bot.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹר 2 chain, cord, esp. umbilical cord. Lev. R. s. 5 ואני חותכת את שׁוֹרְךָ and I shall cut thy umbilical cord (with which thou art attached to me); Yalk. Job 908 טבורך). ↗ expanded

שׁוֹרָא same. Targ. Ez. XIII, 4.—Gen. R. s. 36, beg. דנקטע שׁוֹרָךְ that we (I) may cut thy cord, v. preced.; Lev. R. s. 5; Yalk. Job 908. that we (I) may cut thy cord, v. preced.; Lev. R. s. 5; Yalk. Job 908. (cmp. כּוּנְשְׁרָא a. כָּשׁוֹרָא) joist, beam.—Pl. שׁוֹרַיָּא. Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד בר נש), v. שָׁרִיתָא. ↗ expanded

שׁוּרָא , v. שׁוּר ch. ↗ expanded

שׁוּרְבָּא , v. שְׁרָבָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּרְבִּינָא (Shaf. of רְבֵי I) a species of cedar. R. Hash. 23ᵃ (expl. תאשור, Is. XLI, 19) Ms. M. (ed. שוריבנא, corr. acc.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); B. Bath. 80ᵇ; Yalk. Is. 314.—Pl. שׁוּרְבָּנֵי. Targ. Cant. I, 17 (not ניה …). Ib. III, 9. ↗ expanded

שׁוּרָה (שרר) [chain,] line, row. Y. Yoma VIII, end, 45ᶜ (ref. to יָשֹׁר, Job XXXIII, 27) יעשה ש׳ של אנשים וכ׳ let him form a line of men, and say, I have sinned &c.; (Bab. ib. 87ᵃ צריך לפייסו בשלש שורות וכ׳ must beg his pardon in the presence of three rows of three men each). Ber. III, 2 עד שלא יגיעו לש׳ before they reach the line (of comforters). Snh. 19ᵃ כשהוא עובר בש׳ וכ׳ when he passes in the line to comfort others; וכשהוא עומד בש׳ וכ׳ and when he stands in the line to be comforted; Tosef. ib. IV, 1, sq. Kil. III, 3 ש׳ של ירק אחר a row (in the bed) of a different kind of vegetable. Dem. VII, 8 ש׳ החיצונה the outer row (of wine vessels); a. v. fr.—Trnsf. rule of conduct. Gen. R. s. 93 כהוגן וכש׳, v. הוֹגָן. B. Mets. 73ᵇ נוהג כש׳ he conducts himself properly. Snh. 105ᵇ אהבה מבטלת ש׳ של גדולה love disregards the rule of dignified conduct (causes men to do things ordinarily left to servants); שנאה מבטלת ש׳ וכ׳ so does hatred disregard &c.; Gen. R. s. 55 מקלקלת את הש׳; a. fr.—שׁוּרַת הדין the line of justice, strict law; לפנים מש׳ הדין inside the line of justice, equity, v. דִּין II. Gitt. IV, 4 ש׳ הדין העבד וכ׳ by strict law the hypothecated slave (emancipated by his owner) owes to the mortgagee nothing, but for the sake of social order, we force his second master (the mortgagee) to write a letter of emancipation &c. Mekh. Yithro, ʿAmal., s. 2 (ref. to Ex. XVIII, 20) ואת המעשה זה ש׳ הדין … לפנים מש׳ הדין ‘the deed’, that means strict law, ‘which they shall do’, that means equity; a. fr.—Pl. שׁוּרוֹת. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᵈ top תלמידי … ש׳ ש׳ ככרם the students at college who were arrayed in rows like (the vines in) the vineyard. Kil. IV, 5 שתי ש׳ two rows of vines. Dem. l. c. עשר ש׳ וכ׳ ten rows of ten wine vessels each. Y. Bicc. III, 65ᶜ bot. אבׄ … עושין לו ש׳ וכ׳ when the president enters (college), they must form lines for him, and he passes those which he chooses; (Hor. 13ᵇ שורה אחת מכאן וכ׳ one line on each side). Mekh. B’shall., ʿĂmal., s. 1 העומדים בש׳ המלחמה who stand in the battle lines; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוּרָוָון , pl. of שׁוּרְתָא. ↗ expanded

שוריבנא , v. שׁוּרְבִּינָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּרַיי (שְׁרֵי) = הֶיתֵּר, permission; it is permitted. Y. Dem. II, 22ᶜ המיתון נהיגין … ש׳ (not נגיחין) I saw them treat the fig-cake as permitted. Ib. כל דחמי מיא ש׳ all the land that faces the sea is permitted; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוּרְיָינֵי (cmp. שִׁרְיָינָא) bands; ש׳ דעינא the muscles of the eye. Ab. Zar. 28ᵇ ש׳ דע׳ וכ׳ (Var. in Tosaf. ס׳, cmp. סִרְיָינָא) the muscles of the eye are connected with (an affection of them has influence on) &c., v. אֲבַנְתָּא. ↗ expanded

שׁוּרְיָיקָא (שרק, v. סָרַק II, cmp. Syr. סרוקא P. Sm. 2750) stripe, streak. Pes. 74ᵇ ש׳ דדמא Ar. (ed. שׁוּרְיָיקֵי דמא) a streak (streaks) of blood.—Pl. שׁוּרְיָיקֵי. Ab. Zar. 4ᵇ ש׳ סומקי Ms. M. a. Ar. (ed. ס׳) red stripes (in the white crest of a cock); Snh. 105ᵇ סוּרְיָקֵי (some ed. סִרְיָקֵי; Ms. M. שִׁרְיָקֵי; Ms. O. שוריקי; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); Yalk. Is. 300 שוריי׳. Ḥull. 47ᵇ ש׳ חיורי white stripes or shreds. Ib. 93ᵇ ש׳ סומקי red veins; B. Mets. 83ᵇ ש׳ סומקי (Ms. M. סוריקי); Yalk. Ps. 668 סוריקי, a. סורקי. ↗ expanded

שׁוּרִינְקָא (שְׁרַק I?) shurinḳa, a species of hawk. Ḥull. 63ᵃ (expl. בר הדיא) ש׳ (Rashi שר׳; Ms. M. שארינק׳, Ms. H. שורניקא; Ms. R. 3 שירינקא); Yalk. Lev. 537 (ed. Salon. a. Ms. שודינקא; v. Rabb. D. S. to Ḥull. l. c. note 2). ↗ expanded

שׁוּרְיָקָא , v. שׁוּרְיָיקָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּרָנָא , v. שׁוּנָּרָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּרְצִיפָא (cmp. Syr. רצפא sandalium, P. Sm. 3972) a sort of shoe or slipper (for walking on stone floors רצפה). Y. Yeb. XII, 12ᶜ bot. ש׳ דשנצוי (read: דשנצין) a shoe with plaited straps; (Bab. ib. 102ᵃ סנדל אית לה שינצין). ↗ expanded

שׁוֹרָר , v. שָׁרָר ↗ expanded

שׁוֹרֶשׁ , v. שֹׁרֶשׁ ↗ expanded

שׁוּרְתָא = h. שׁוּרָה, row, line. Targ. Y. Ex. XVIII, 20 שׁוּרַת דינא; מלגיו לש׳, v. שׁוּרָה.—Pl. שׁוּרָוָון. Targ. Job XXXIII, 27 Ms. Var. יעביד ש׳ וכ׳ let him form lines of men (h. text יָשֹׁר), v. שׁוּרָה. ↗ expanded

שׂוּשׂ (b. h.) to be bright, quick, glad. Sabb. 28ᵃ ששָׂשׂ בגוונין וכ׳ (Ar. שסָס), v. סַסְגּוֹנָא. Cant. R. to I, 9; Mekh. B’shall. s. 6 (play on לססתי, Cant. l. c.) כשם ששַׂשְׂתִּי על … כך (כמעט) ששתי על וכ׳ as I was quick to destroy the Egyptians, so I was (almost) ready to destroy Israel &c. Ib. 1 they praised God שלא ראו … ושָׂשׂוּ וכ׳ that their enemies had not seen (the deaths among them), and rejoiced at their calamity. B. Mets. 83ᵇ שִׂישׂוּ בני מעי שישו rejoice, my entrails, rejoice! Snh. 39ᵇ הוא אינו שָׂשׂ … מֵשִׂישׂ the Lord himself does not rejoice (over the downfall of the wicked), but he causes others to rejoice; דכתיב יָשִׂישׂ ולא כתיב יָשׂוּשׂ for it is written (Deut. XXVIII, 63) yasis (Hif.), and not yasus (Kal); Meg. 10ᵇ; a. e. Hif. הֵשִׂישׂ to gladden. Ib., v. supra. Koh. R. to VII, 19 כבד לחמה … הריאה מְשַׂשְׂתָּן the liver is the organ of anger, the gall, of jealousy, the lungs gladden them again; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוּשׁ Shush or Sh’vash (prob. the modern Sus = Shushan, v. Sm. Gr. a. Rom. Geogr. s. v. Susa). Snh. 94ᵃ כי מטי שׁוֹש אמרי שׁוֹיא לארעין Rashi (ed. כי ארעין) when they (the Jewish exiles) came to Sh., they said, this is as good as our land. Ib. שוש תרי, v. שׁוּשְׁתְּרֵי. ↗ expanded

שׁוּשָׁא , pl. שׁוּשֵׁי licorice-wood (v. Löw Pfl. p. 378). Succ. 12ᵇ ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשְׁבִין (= שבשבין; שבב, cmp. שֵׁיבָבָא, P. Sm. 4341) friend, esp. the bridegroom’s friend or best man who offers gifts and is entitled to reciprocation; also the bride’s friend or agent. Snh. III, 5 אוהב זה שׁוֹשְׁבִינוֹ by ‘friend’ (as disqualified for witness) one’s best man is meant. B. Bath. 144ᵇ לימא תנו לי שׁוֹשְׁבִינִי ואשמח עמו he may say, get me my best man (in whose name the gifts were sent at my wedding), that I may rejoice with him (but since he is dead, I am under no obligation to reciprocate). Tanḥ. Korah 8 לש׳ בתו של מלך וכ׳ this is to be compared to the case of the agent of the king’s daughter (who had to guard her interest at the consummation of the marriage, v. infra), who kept the testimonials of her virginity in his charge; Num. R. s. 18¹²; a. fr.—[Yalk. Num. 729 שושבינו, read: שׁוֹשָׁטוֹ, v. שׁוֹשָׁטָה.]—Pl. שׁוֹשְׁבִינִין. Tosef. Keth. I, 4 ביהודה היו מעמידין שני ש׳ אחד משל וכ׳ in Judaea they used to put up two groomsmen (as guards), one appointed by the groom’s, and one by the bride’s family; Y. ib. I, 25ᵃ; Bab. ib. 12ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשְׁבִינָא , also (the king’s) friend, counsellor (cmp. Assyr. susabinu, Del. Assyr. Handw., p. 506). Targ. I Kings IV, 5 (h. רֵעֶה). Targ. Jud. XIV, 20. Targ. II Sam. XV, 37; a. fr.—Yeb. 63ᵃ, v. דַּרְגָּא.—Pl. שׁוֹשְׁבִינֵי. Targ. Y. Deut. XXXII, 50. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשְׁבִינוּת (preced.) groomsmanship; wedding gifts. B. Bath. IX, 4 (144ᵇ) האחים שעשו מקצתן ש׳ … חזרה ש׳ וכ׳ (Mish. ed. שׁוֹשְׁבָנוּת) if a part of the brothers have served as somebody’s groomsmen in their father’s lifetime (the gifts having been furnished by the father), the gifts returned (on the occasion of a wedding in their family) go into the common fund of the estate; שהש׳ נגבית בב"ד for the reciprocation of wedding gifts can be legally enforced. Ib. 144ᵇ שלח לו אביו ש׳ if the father sent the gifts for him (his son, specifying him as the donor); שלח אביו ש׳ סתם if the father sent the gifts without specifying the donor. Ib. נשתלחה לאביו ש׳ if the gifts (in the son’s behalf) were sent in the father’s name; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשְׁבִינוּתָא B. Bath. 145ᵇ כללא דש׳ הוה וכ׳ the general rule about groomsmanship is: if he (who is bound to reciprocate) lives in the same town, he might have come (to the wedding uninvited, and his reciprocation is legally due). ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשְׁבִינְתָּא (preced. wds.) connected by groomsmanship in the families, kinswoman, intimate friend. Kidd. 81ᵃ שׁוֹשְׁבִינְתֵּיה הואי וכ׳ (Rashi שׁוֹשְׁבִנְתֵּיה) she was his kinswoman, and therefore was intimate with him. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשְׁבָנוּת , v. שׁוֹשְׁבִינוּת ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשַׁבְתָּא , v. שְׁבִשְׁתָּא ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשָׁטָה (reduplic. of שׁוֹט) rod-holder, keeper of a vivarium. Lev. R. s. 5 משל לש׳ של דוב וכ׳ this is like the case of the keeper of a bear that ate the bear’s rations (v. סִידּוּר); Yalk. ib. 469 שושנה (corr. acc.). Yalk. Num. 729 שׁוֹשָׁטוֹ (not שושבינו) his (the lion’s) keeper. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשִׁיבָא (cmp. next w.) a species of locusts with long heads. Ab. Zar. 37ᵃ (expl. אייל קמצא). ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשִׁיבְתָּא , v. שׁוֹשַׁבְתָּא ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשִּׁילְתָּא , v. שַׁלְשֶׁלְתָּא ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשִׁיפָא (= שפשיפ׳, v. שפשף; cmp. τρίβων) a coarse cloak, used also as a bed-sheet. Targ. II Kings II, 8 (h. text אדרת). Targ. I Sam. XXI, 10 (h. text שמלה). Targ. Deut. XXII, 17. Targ. O. Gen. XXXVIII, 18 (ed. Berl. שׁוֹשִׁיפָ׳; ed. Vien. שׁוֹשִׁפָּ׳; h. text פתיל); ib. 25; Y. II ib. Targ. Y. Ex. XXXII, 4 (h. text בחרט; v. זַיְפָא); a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 6 הוו ציירין בשׁוֹשִׁיפָהּ וכ׳ three Denars were tied up in her cloak.—Pl. שׁוֹשִׁיפִין, שׁוֹשִׁיפַיָּא. Targ. Is. III, 22 (h. text מעטפות). Targ. Y. II, Ex. XII, 34. ↗ expanded

שׁוּשְׁלָא , v. שׁלְשֶׁלְתָּא ↗ expanded

שׁוּשִׁמָא , v. sub שׁוּמְשְׁמָ׳. ↗ expanded

שׁוּשַׁן (b. h.) pr. n. pl. Shushan, Susa, the capital of the Persian empire; שׁ׳ הַבִּירָה the Castle of S. Midd. I, 3 שער המזרחי עליו ש׳ הב׳ צורה the eastern gate of the Temple mount on which the picture of the Castle of S. was sculptured. Kel. XVII, 9 שתי אמות בש׳ הב׳ two standard cubit measures were deposited in the gate called the Castle of S.; Men. 98ᵃ; Bekh. 39ᵇ sq.; Pes. 86ᵃ. Meg. 2ᵇ מה ש׳ מוקפת וכ׳ as S. was known to be a fortified city since the days of Ahasverus &c. Ib. לחלק בין ש׳ וכ׳ to make a distinction between S. and other towns; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשַׁן = next w. Targ. Ex. XXV, 33 (h. text פרח). Targ. Hos. XIV, 6. Targ. I Kings VII, 19; a. fr.—Pl. שׁוֹשַׁנִּין, שׁוֹשׁנַּיָּא. Targ. Is. XXXV, 1 (h. text חבצלת). Targ. O. Ex. XXV, 31; 34 (Y. שׁוֹשַׁנְיָי׳). Targ. I Kings VI, 18 (h. text צצים). Targ. II Chr. III, 10 (h. text צעצעים); a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשַׁנָּה (b. h.; = שנשנ׳, flower, esp. lily. Cant. R. to II, 2; Lev. R. s. 23, v. וֶרֶד I. Cant. R. to II, 1, v. חֲבַצֶּלֶת. Ib. המשובח שבמינים כש׳ … שׁוֹשַׁנַּת העמקים (the righteous are compared to) the most precious of the various kinds (of flowers), to the lily, and to the finest of that species which is the lily of the valley. Ib. שושנת ההר the mountain lily. Lev. R. s. 12, beg., a. e. כש׳ אדומה like a red lily (euphem. for light menstruation). Kil. V, 8 שושנת המלך the king’s lily (κρίνον βασιλικόν), white lily; Tosef. ib. III, 13. Y. Succ. III, 53ᵈ, v. כַּרְמֶל; a. fr.—Trnsf. knob of a nail. Num. R. s. 14, v. מִסְמָר; Pesik. R. s. 3.—[Yalk. Lev. 459, v. שׁוֹשָׁטָה.] ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשַׁנְתָּא , v. שׁוֹשַׁן ↗ expanded

שׁוֹשִׁפָּא , v. שׁוֹשִׁיפָא ↗ expanded

שׁוּשְׁתְּרֵי Shusht’ré (prob. modern Shuster), in the Babylonian empire (v. Neub. Géogr. p. 382). Snh. 94ᵃ כי מטו לש׳ על חד תרי Ar. (ed. לשוש תרי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 200) when the Jewish exiles came to Sh., they said, ‘for one (good land) we have found two’; v. שׁוּשׁ. ↗ expanded

שׁוּתָא 1 (= שׁוּעֲתָא; cmp. טוּנָא = טוּעֲנָא; שְׁעֵי) talk. Kidd. 70ᵇ השתא ש׳ דמר וכ׳ now I do not understand your talk at all. Meg. 14ᵇ, v. פִּלְכָא. B. Bath. 39ᵃ לא תיפוק לכו ש׳ let no talk come from you, do not talk about it; לא מפקינן ש׳ we shall not talk about it. Succ. 56ᵇ, v. יָנוּקָא I; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוּתָא 2 (= שיחתא; שְׁחַת; Assyr. šûtu, Del. Assyr. Handw., p. 648) [destruction,] shutha, a severe south wind; [Ar.: east wind]. Sabb. 32ᵃ ביומא דש׳ on a day when the shutha blew. Yeb. 72ᵃ יומא דעיבא ויימא דש׳ וכ׳ on a cloudy day and on a shutha day we do not perform circumcision &c. ↗ expanded

שׁוּתָּא ) f. (= שוחתא, v. שְׁוַוח I; v. Löw Pfl., p. 264) sproutings of the caper-tree. Ber. 36ᵃ צלף … אדעתא דש׳ people will plant a caper-tree for the sake of the sproutings. ↗ expanded

שׁוּתָּא ² ) f. (= שוחתא; cmp. שׁוּחַ) trap made of frame work or a block. B. Kam. 117ᵃ ההוא ש׳ דהוו וכ׳ two men had a dispute about a trap (and the animals caught in it). Sabb. 124ᵇ אייתו ליה ש׳ וכ׳ bring a trap for Kahana to sit on; הכי אמר להו שקולו ש׳ וכ׳ thus he said to them, remove the trap to make room for Kahana. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹתִי (שָׁתָה I; cmp. b. h. שְׁתִי) [drinkableness,] body of wine, strength. Y. Ter. XI, 47ᶜ, sq. (expl. ממעיטו, Mish. Ter. XI, 1) ממעטהו משׁוֹתְיוֹ he lessens its body (by boiling), contrad. to ממידתו its quantity; ib. II, end, 41ᵈ; Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᶜ top. ↗ expanded

שׁוּתָּף (= משותף; שָׁתַף) associate, partner. Tosef. Snh. VIII, 7 אדם … ש׳ היה עמו וכ׳ Adam was the last created, in order that the heretics might not say, he was God’s associate in his work; Snh. 38ᵃ. Y. B. Bath. III, 14ᵃ bot. ש׳ … כנוטע ברשות if a partner goes in and plants (a portion of the ground), he is considered as one who plants with the owner’s assent, i.e. he cannot claim the cultivated portion as his exclusive property on the ground of undisturbed possession; Bab. B. Bath. 42ᵇ. Ib. ש׳ אין לו חזקה (not שותפות) a partner cannot claim possession (v. חֲזָקָה). Y. Snh. I, 19ᵇ top ש׳ ליסטים כליסטים a robber’s partner is considered a robber; a. fr.—Pl. שׁוּתָּפִים, שׁוּתָּפִין. B. Bath. III, 3. Ib. I, 1; a. fr.—Kidd. 30ᵇ שלשה ש׳ הן באדם וכ׳ three partners have a share in man: the Lord, his father, and his mother; if a man honors his parents &c.; Nidd. 31ᵃ; a. e.—Fem. שׁוּתֶּפֶת. Gen. R. s. 56 שהיתה ש׳ בשני וכ׳ she (Tadmor) took part in the two destructions of the Temple; Y. Taan. IV, 69ᵇ bot.; Lam. R. to II, 2. ↗ expanded

שׁוּתָּף ² Targ. II Esth. VII, 9. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXXI, 50 (ed. Vien. שׁוּתֵף).—Pl. שׁוּתָּפִין, שׁוּתָּפֵי. Targ. Y. Ex. XX, 13. Targ. Is. I, 23; a. e.—[Ib. LIX, 3 ed. Lag., read: שׁוּטְפִין.]—Yoma 86ᵃ כדשקיל בישרא מתרי ש׳ when he bought meat of two partners.—[Gen. R. s. 36 שותפי, v. שְׁתַף.]—Fem. שׁוּתָּפָא, שׁוּתַּפְתָּא. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXI, 16. Targ. Mal. II, 14.—[Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVIII, 18, v. שַׁתְּפָא.] ↗ expanded

שׁוּתָּפוּת (preced.) partnership, association. Yeb. 101ᵃ נאמר … שאין בה ש׳ וכ׳ cursing is mentioned with reference to those below (parents, Ex. XXI, 17), and with reference to Him above (Lev. XXIV, 15): as there is no association above, so must there be no association below (i.e. the curse to be punishable must refer to each singly). Snh. 63ᵇ אסור לאדם שיעשה ש׳ וכ׳ one must not form a partnership with an idolater, lest he may have to swear, and he would swear by his idol &c.; Bekh. 2ᵇ. Pes. 112ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) למיעבד ש׳ בהדיה to go into partnership with him (on whom ‘the hour smiles’). Erub. 71ᵇ שלקחו … בש׳ when they bought a cask of wine in partnership. Tosef. Keth. IX, 3 כל זמן ששותף יוצא משׁוּתָּפוּתוֹ (not משותפתו) as soon as the partner goes out of his partnership. Y. Sot. III, 19ᵇ top; a. e. ↗ expanded

שׁוּתָּפוּתָא Targ. Lev. V, 21 שׁוּתָּפוּת ידא (h. text תשומת יד). ↗ expanded

שותפת , Tosef. Keth. IX, 3, v. שׁוּתָּפוּת ↗ expanded

שׁוּתֶּפֶת , v. שׁוּתָּף h. a. ch. ↗ expanded

שׁוֹתַר (Shaf. of יתר), Ishtaf. אִשְׁתּוֹתַר to be left over. Targ. Y. Deut. IV, 27. Ib. VII, 20. Targ. Prov. II, 21.—V. שְׁתַר. ↗ expanded

שֵׁזֵב , v. sub שֵׁיז׳. ↗ expanded

שְׁזַג (Shaf. of זגג) to cleanse, wash, rinse. Targ. Y. Lev. VIII, 21 Ar. (ed. חליל). Targ. Y. Gen. XIX, 2. Targ. Y. II, Ex. XXIX, 17 (ed. Vien. ותַשְׁזַג Af; some ed. ותשזק). Targ. Ps. LXXIII, 13; a. fr.—Part. pass. שְׁזִיג clean. Targ. Job XXXIII, 9 (h. text חף).—Y. Pes. III, 30ᵃ אלא אין ש׳ וכ׳ unless he washes his hands in water (between forming one cake and the other). Pa. שַׁזֵּג same. Targ. Y. Gen. XLIII, 31 (Y. II ib. 30, misplaced, ושזגי, read: ושַׁזֵּיג).—Y. Peah I, 15ᶜ bot. אנא בעיא מְשַׁזְּגָה ריגלוי וכ׳ I want to wash his feet &c. (to show him honor); Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵇ. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵃ נהיגין … ומְשַׁזְּגִין וכ׳ we used to sit before Rabbi (and were taught,) you may put oil on muddy shoes, or wash them, but not scrape them (on the Sabbath); Y. Snh. X, 28ᵃ bot. משיגין (corr. acc.). Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵈ bot. מְשַׁזְּגָא; Y. Shek. VII, 50ᶜ bot. משיגא (corr. acc.), v. אִסְקוּפְתָּא Af. אַשְׁזֵיג same. Targ. Y. II, Ex. XXIX, 17, v. supra.—Y. Meg. III, 74ᵃ bot. מַשְׁזִיג, v. גּוּרְנָא. Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּזַג to be cleansed, washed. Targ. Prov. XXX, 12. Targ. Job IX, 30 Ms. (ed. אסחיית). ↗ expanded

שְׁזוֹג (preced.) water in which something has been washed. Targ. Y. II, Num. VI, 3. ↗ expanded

שִׁזּוּגָא , v. שִׁיזּוּגָא ↗ expanded

שְׁזוֹרִי of Sh’zor (supposed to be Shighor, near K’far Anan in Galilee, v. Neub. Géogr. p. 278). Dem. IV, 1; Ḥull. 75ᵇ; a. fr. שמעון ש׳ (v. Fr. Darkhé, p. 131 sq.). ↗ expanded

שֵׁזֵיב , v. שֵׁיזֵב ↗ expanded

שֵׁזִיבוּ , v. שֵׁיזָבוּ ↗ expanded

שְׁזֵיג , v. שְׁזַג ↗ expanded

שְׁזִיר (שְׁזַר) part. pass. of שְׁזַר. twisted thread, cord. Targ. Y. Ex. XXVIII, 28; XXXIX, 31 ש׳ חוטא (h. text פתיל). Targ. Y. Num. XV, 38.—Pl., v. שֵׁזְרָא ↗ expanded

שָׁזַף , v. זָפַף a. זֶפֶת)to blacken, tarnish. Cant. R. to I, 6 כך אנו … שְׁזָפַתְנוּ so it is with us, when the sun of idolatry blackened us (we may become white again); Yalk. ib. 982.—Part. pass. שָׁזוּף; pl. שְׁזוּפִים. Cant. R. l. c. אבל אתם ש׳ וכ׳ but you (gentile idolaters) are black (soiled by idolatry) from your mother’s womb. ↗ expanded

שִׁזְפִין , v. שִׁיזְפִין ↗ expanded

שִׁזְפַּר Shizpar. R. Hash. 22ᵃ ש׳ ראשה וכ׳ (Ms. M. 2 שיזפר; Ms. M. 1 שחפו, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) Sh. the magistrate of Geder. ↗ expanded

שְׁזַק , v. שְׁזַג ↗ expanded

שָׁזַר to twist.—Part. pass. שָׁזוּר; pl. שְׁזוּרִים, שְׁזוּרִין. Y. Shek. VIII, 51ᵇ top (ref. to Ex. XXVI, 31) אילו נאמר חוט … שזור לשלשה מָשְׁזָר לששה וכ׳ if the text had ḥuṭ (thread), it would have meant one doubled to two, shazur would have meant triplex, moshzar means sixfold &c. Erub. 96ᵇ בש׳ it means twisted threads (yarn, which is not used for weaving). ↗ expanded

שְׁזַר —Part. pass. שְׁזִיר. Targ. Ex. XXVI, 1, a. fr. (h. text משזר).—Targ. Y. Num. IV, 6 (h. text כליל תכלת).—Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד מאת׳ 2) [read:] שְׁזוֹר לי מיניה חוטין וכ׳ twist threads for me out of it (the sand), and I will mend it; (Bekh. 8ᵇ כרוכו לי מיניה גרדי). ↗ expanded

שֵׁזְרָא (preced.) twisted thread, cord; v. שְׁזִיר.—Pl. שֵׁזְרִין. Targ. Y. Ex. XXXIX, 3 (h. text פתילם). ↗ expanded

שִׁזְרָה (preced.) cord, esp. spinal column; skeleton (interch. with שִׁדְרָה); trnsf. stem, rib of a plant. Y. Sot. IX, 23ᶜ top מציינין על הש׳ וכ׳ you must mark the spot as unclean if you find a spinal column or a skull. Y. Taan. II, 65ᶜ top כנגד … שבש׳ corresponding to the eighteen vertebræ of the spinal column. Y. Succ. III, 53ᶜ bot. לולב … ש׳ the Lulab must be a handbreadth high, not counting the stem; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁזְרוֹת, שִׁי׳. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 42ᵃ כל שהראשים והש׳ וכ׳ (fish-brine) in which the heads and the spines are intact; (Bab. ib. 40ᵃ ראש ושדרה).—Y. Sabb. III, beg. 5ᶜ שִׁיזְרֵי חריות stems of dry twigs (prob. to be read: שִׁיּוּרֵי, v. חֶרְיָה). ↗ expanded

שֵׁזַרְתָּא Targ. O. Lev. III, 9 (ed. Ber. שַׁזַּ׳, v. שַׁדַּרְתָּא). Targ. Koh. XII, 5; a. e.—Y. Ter. VIII, 46ᵃ שְׁזַרְתֵּיה דחיוי וכ׳ we found in them the skeleton of a serpent. Y. Sabb. I, 3ᵇ ש׳, v. נַדַּל. ↗ expanded

שְׁחָאתָא (שְׁחֵי I; cmp. h. שֶׁחִי) arm-pit. Targ. Prov. XIX, 24; XXVI, 15 ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. שַׁחֲתָא; h. text צלחת!). ↗ expanded

שחביב , v. משחביב ↗ expanded

שְׁחַד (v. שׁוֹחַד) to win the favor of, bribe. Targ. Ez. XVI, 33. Targ. Job VI, 22. Pa. שַׁחֵד same. Snh. 43ᵇ שַחוּדֵי שַׁחֲדֵיה במילי he (Joshua) won him (Achan) over with persuasive words. ↗ expanded

שָׁחָה , v. שחי ↗ expanded

שַׁחְוָוא (שְׁחֵי I) pit, grave. Targ. Job XVII, 14 ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. שַׁחֲתָא); a. e.; v. שְׁוָוחָא. ↗ expanded

שַׁחְוַור (interch. with שַׁחְוָן) town-captain. B. Bath. 47ᵃ אי לאו דאודי … לש׳ (Ar. ed. Koh. לשחרן, read: לשחון; Alf. ed. Const. לשַׁהֲוָאן) if he had not confessed to him (that he had given him the ass as a present), he would have surrendered him and his ass to the captain (for confiscation). Sifré Deut. 6 (prov.) עבד … הדבק לש׳ וישתחוו לך a king’s servant is a king, attach thyself to the captain, and they will bow down before thee; Yalk. ib. 801 הדבק לש׳ וישחון לך; Gen. R. s. 16 הדבק לש׳ ‘Rashi’ (ed. לשיחין, לשיחן, לשיחון; Ar. דבוק לשחון). ↗ expanded

שָׁחוּז , v. שָׁחַז ↗ expanded

שָׁחוּל (שָׁחַל II) [loose,] an animal with a dislocated hip. Bekh. VI, 7 (40ᵃ); Bets. 35ᵇ.—V. שָׁחַל. ↗ expanded

שְׁחוֹלִית (שָׁחַל I, answering to λεπίς, squama aeris) metal shavings, filings. Kel. XI, 3. Tosef. Ḥull. VI, 11 (corresp. to שחיקת כלי מתכות, Ḥull. 88ᵇ).—[Cmp. שִׁחְלַיִים.] ↗ expanded

שָׁחוּם , v. שָׁחַם ↗ expanded

שְׁחוּם (שְׁחַם) dark, black (or brown). Targ. O. Gen. XXX, 32, sq. (h. text חוּם; Y. לחוש); a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁחְוָן (cmp. Syr. שחנה, P. Sm. 4122) chief of the town garrison, prefect. Gen. R. s. 16 Ar. (ed. שיחין, שיחן, שיחון), v. שַׁחְוַור; [Ar. דבוק לש׳ ויִשְׁחוֹן לך (v. שָׁחַן) stick to one that is hot, and thou shalt be hot]. ↗ expanded

שַׂחוָנָא , v. שׂחְיָנָא ↗ expanded

שָׁחוּף , v. שָׁחַף ↗ expanded

שָׁחוּץ , v. שָׁחַץ ↗ expanded

שְׂחוֹק laughter, sport, jest. Ab. III, 13, v. קַלּוּת. Ex. R. s. 42 (ref. to לצחק, Ex. XXXII, 6) אין ש׳ האמור כאן וכ׳ the sport here mentioned means idolatry, debauchery, and bloodshed; ומנין לש׳ שהוא וכ׳ and whence is it proved that ‘sport’ refers to bloodshed? (Answ. ref. to II Sam. II, 14). Y. Peah I, 16ᵃ bot. שעשה דמן … ש׳ he (Abner) made the blood of lads an object of sport (ref. to II Sam. l. c.). Ber. 31ᵃ אסוֹר לאדם … ש׳ פיו וכ׳ man should not fill his mouth with laughter in this world (of oppression). Ib. מתוך ש׳ in a mood of laughter, v. עֲצֵבוּת; Y. ib. V, beg. 8ᵈ. Pes. 117ᵃ; Sabb. 30ᵇ אין שכינה … מתוך ש׳ וכ׳ holy inspiration does not rest upon man when he is in a mood of grief, or indolence, or laughter &c. Ib. (ref. to Koh. VII, 3) טוב כעס … מש׳ שמשחק וכ׳ better is the anger the Lord shows the righteous (by trials) in this world, than the laughter the Lord laughs with the wicked (when he makes them prosper) in this world. Cant. R. to VI, 11 מה אגוז זה ש׳ … ושעשוע וכ׳ as the nut is a plaything for children and an entertainment for kings, so is Israel &c.; a. fr.—Erub. 65ᵇ אף בשַׂחֲקוֹ man’s character is also recognized in his jesting.—[Yalk. Ps. 620 ד׳ שחוק הן, v. שְׂחִיקָה.]—Pl. שְׂחוֹקִים. Koh. R. to X, 19 (ref. to לשחוק עושים לחם ib.) לש׳ של יראות עושים לחם for the revelries of idolatries they prepare bread, but the wine &c. ↗ expanded

שָׁחוֹר charred, black; charred or black thing. Par. III, 11 ש׳ שיש בו אפר a charred piece (of the red cow) which is easily pulverized. Keth. 36ᵃ, a. e. עד שירבה ש׳ וכ׳ until the black prevails over the white (until the hair in the hair-covered parts of the body seems to prevail over the bare spots). Gitt. 19ᵃ כתבו באבר בש׳ וכ׳ if one wrote a letter of divorce with lead, with a black pigment (dry ink), or with coal; Sabb. 104ᵇ. Lev. R. s. 31 אין אדם … מתוך הש׳ man does not see through the white of the eye, but through the black. Cant. R. to I, 5 ש׳ אני במעשי וכ׳ I am black (soiled) through my own deeds, but beautiful &c., v. נָאוֶה. Ib. ש׳ אני במצרים I was black (despised) in Egypt. Ib. ש׳ אני כל ימות וכ׳ I am black (with sins) all the days of the year, but beautiful on the Day of Atonement; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁחוֹרִים, שְׁחוֹרִין; שְׁחוֹרוֹת. Ned. III, 8 הנודר משְׁחוֹרֵי הראש וכ׳ if one forswears benefits from ‘black-headed people’, he is forbidden &c.; שאין נקראין ש׳ הראש וכ׳ by ‘black-headed’ are understood grown up men generally (without regard to the condition of their hair). Gen. R. s. 59, beg. ר׳ מאיר … שחורי ראש R. M. came to Mamle where he saw none but black-haired people (no aged among them). Cant. R. to V, 11 (ref. to שְׁחֹרוֹת ib.) אלו ת"ח … כעורין וש׳ וכ׳ this refers to the students: although they appear ungainly and black in this world &c.; ib. אלו תלמודות … כעורות וש׳ וכ׳ this refers to such texts of the Law as appear too ugly and black (referring to unæsthetic subjects) to speak of them in public, but the Lord says, they are pleasing &c.; Lev. R. s. 19; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׁחוֹר 2 (שָׁחַר I) hair-pinchers; (oth. opin. razor). Kel. XIII, 1 (ed. Dehr. שָׁחִיר); Bets. 35ᵇ ↗ expanded

שְׁחוֹרָה , v. שָׁחוֹר I ↗ expanded

שְׁחוֹרִין coals, v. שִׁיחוֹרָא. ↗ expanded

שַׁחְוְתָא , v. שַׁחְוָוא ↗ expanded

שָׁחַז (cmp. חָזָה) to expose to sight, uncover. Part. pass. f. שְׁחוּזָה; pl. שְׁחוּזוֹת. Sabb. V, 2 רחלות יוצאות ש׳ ewes (on the Sabbath) may be led out (with their posteriors) exposed; ib. 53ᵇ מאי שחׄוזׄות שאוחׄזׄין וכ׳ what is sh’ḥuzoth? They tie their tails up in order &c. Ib. מאי משמע דהאי ש׳ לישנא דגלוי הוא what evidence is there that sh’ḥuzoth has the meaning of uncovering? (Answ. ref. to שׁית זוֹנה, Prov. VII, 10, v. שׁוּזָה.) Hif. הִשְׁחִיז to brighten, polish; to whet, sharpen. Kel. XIV, 5 הסכין משיַשְׁחִיזֶנָּה the knife becomes susceptible of levitical uncleanness, when he (the manufacturer) polishes it. Ḥull. II, 3 ה׳ … ועף וכ׳ if one whetted the knife and (in beginning to cut) felt tired, and another person continued the cutting. Bets. III, 7 אין מַשְׁחִיזִין וכ׳ you must not whet the knife (to slaughter on the Holy Day), but &c., v. נָשָׂא. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 40ᶜ bot. אין מוכרין … ואין משחיזין וכ׳ you must not sell them (the gentiles in Palestine) weapons or armor, nor may you sharpen weapons for them; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁחַז ; part. pass. שְׁחִיז whetted, v. infra. Af. אַשְׁחֵיז to polish, whet. Targ. Ps. VII, 13 יַשְׁחֵיז Ms. (ed. שחיז; h. text ילטש). ↗ expanded

שָׁחַח (b. h.) to bend, bow (interch. with שָׁחָה a. שׁוּחַ). Y. Ber. I, 3ᶜ bot. אלו … ששׁוֹחֲחִין וכ׳ these are the benedictions at which you must bow &c.; השׁוֹחֵחַ … שלא יָשׁוֹחַ (or יָשׁוּחַ) if one bows at every benediction, we teach him that he must not do so; Ber. 34ᵃ; Gen. R. s. 39 והשׁוֹחֶה … לָשׁוֹחַ (or לָשׁוּחַ); Tosef. Ber. I, 9 השׁוֹחֶה … שלא יִשְׁחֶה. Ruth R. to II, 5 כל הנשים שׁוֹחֲחוֹת וכ׳ all other women stooped in gleaning, but she (Ruth) sat down; (Yalk. ib. 601 עומדות). ↗ expanded

שָׁחַט 1 to draw, stretch. Part. pass. שָׁחוּט. Y. Yoma IV, 41ᵈ top (expl. זהב שׁחוט, I Kings X, 17) שהיה משוך כשעוה it was drawn out like wax; Cant. R. to III, 10; Yoma 45ᵃ שנטוה כחוט it was spun like a thread; Ḥull. 30ᵇ. Ib. (to prove that in slaughtering you must draw the knife over the animal’s throat and not chop) אין ושחט אלא ומשך וכ׳ v’shaḥaṭ (Lev. I, 5) means and ‘he shall draw’, and so it says zahab shaḥuṭ (v. supra) and also ḥets shaḥuṭ (Jer. IX, 7; Keri שוחט). ↗ expanded

שָׁחַט 2 to cut the throat, esp. to slay an animal by cutting the throat according to ritual laws. Ḥull. I, 1 הכל שׁוֹחֲטִין וכ׳ all persons are fit to do the ritual slaughtering, and their act is legal, except &c.; וכולן ששָׁחֲטוּ וכ׳ and all those (mentioned as unfit), if they cut under the supervision of others &c. Ib. II, 3 היה שׁוֹחֵט והתיז וכ׳ if he was cutting (drawing the knife across the throat, v. preced.) and cut the head off with one movement. Ib. 1 השוחט … ושנים וכ׳ if one cuts one organ (windpipe or gullet, v. סִימָן) of a bird, and two &c.; ib. עד שיִשְׁחוֹט וכ׳, v. וָרִיד; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁחוּט; f. שְׁחוּטָה &c. Nidd. 15ᵃ שור ש׳ לפניך the ox lies slaughtered before thee, i.e. the evidence is before you. Ḥull. 95ᵃ בְּשַׂר ש׳ meat of an animal ritually cut, opp. בשר נבלה; a. fr. Nif. נִשְׁחַט to be cut, killed according to ritual. Ib. 9ᵃ עד … במה נִשְׁחֲטָה, v. חֲזָקָה. Ib. נשחטה הרי היא וכ׳ if it has been properly slaughtered, it is presumed to be permitted until &c.; a. fr. Hif. הִשְׁחִיט to cause to slaughter. Ib. V, 4 בארבע … מַשְׁחִיטִין את הטבח וכ׳ at these four periods we force the butcher to slaughter (provide meat); Erub. 81ᵇ ↗ expanded

שְׁחַט —[Targ. O. Num. XI, 32 ed. Vien., v. שְׁטַח.]—Ḥull. 28ᵃ sq. היכי נעביד נִשְׁחֲטֵיה … קשְׁחִיט how shall we proceed? shall we cut it and then examine (the gullet)? Maybe it was cut at a perforated spot. Meg. 7ᵇ שַׁחֲטֵיה לר׳ וכ׳ he cut R. Zera’s throat; a. fr.—Part. pass. שְׁחִיט, v. supra. Ḥull. 4ᵃ הוה ש׳ שפיר was properly cut. Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּחִיט to be cut. Gitt. 69ᵇ ↗ expanded

שָׂחַט , v. סָחַט ↗ expanded

שְׂחֵי to swim, v. סְחֵי. ↗ expanded

שחי to curve; to bend, bow; to lower one’s self. Tosef. Ber. I, 9; Ber. 34ᵃ; Gen. R. s. 39, a. e., v. שָׁחַח. Pesik. Shek., p. 11ᵇ (ref. to Is. II, 9) יודע אני ששָׁחוּ … והָשְׁפַּלְתִּי אני והם I know that Israel lowered themselves by bowing to the calf, and I and they were humbled; Yalk. Ex. 386; Yalk. Is. 260; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 4; Pesik. R. s. 10 אימתי שחו ונשפלו when was it that they bent and were lowered?; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה to prostrate one’s self. Snh. VII, 6 (60ᵇ) המִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה he that prostrates himself (before an idol). Ib. 62ᵃ זיבח … וה׳ וכ׳ if a person sacrificed, burnt incense, offered libation, and prostrated himself, all in one act. Yoma 69ᵃ כיון שראה … וה׳ לפניו when he (king Alexander) saw Simon the righteous, he alighted from his chariot and threw himself down before him; מלך … יִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה וכ׳ should a great king like thee prostrate himself before this Jew?; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁחֵי 1 , to be bent, cower. Targ. Ps. XXXV, 14. Targ. Job XXXVIII, 40 (not שה׳); a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁחֵי 2 to lie waste, v. שְׁהֵי. ↗ expanded

שֶׁחִי (שָׁחָה) bend, esp. בית הש׳ (or sub. בית) arm-pit. Neg. II, 4 כאורגת בעומדין לש׳ ליד הימנית (a woman is placed) in the position of a weaver at an upright loom, for the sake of examining the pit of the right arm; Sifra Thazr., Neg., Par. 3, ch. IV כמוסק בבית הש׳ in the position of one taking olives down, for examining the arm-pit; Lev. R. s. 15; Yalk. ib. 551. Snh. VII, 7 המדבר משִׁחְיוֹ, v. פִּיתוֹם II; Y. ib. 25ᶜ משִׁיחְיוֹ. Naz. 58ᵇ; a. fr.—הש׳ (בית) אמת, v. אַמָּה.—Pl. שְׁחָיִים, constr. שִׁחְיֵי, שִׁי׳. Pesik. B’shall., p. 87ᵃ תחת בית שִׁיחְיֵהֶם, v. כַּדּוֹרִית; Midr. Till. to Ps. XVI שִׁיחְיֵהֶן; Yalk. Ps. 667; Cant. R. to II, 7 תחת שיחיהן (some ed. שיחתן, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שִׁחְיָא bending, bowing the head. Bets. 24ᵃ כל … ומטי לה בחד ש׳ (Ar. שהיא) when one running after an animal gets it with one bend (the space being too small to allow an escape). Gitt. 70ᵇ (ref. to Mish. ib. VII, 1 והרכין) ודילמא ש׳ דלאו לאו נקטיה maybe he was seized by spasms, making him bend his head in the way of one indicating dissent; ש׳ דהן הן making him bend in the way of one bowing the head in assent. Ib. ש׳ דסירוגין alternate spasms of the head accidentally corresponding to assent and dissent respectively. arm-pit. Targ. Y. Deut. XXII, 5 (ed. Vien. שֵׁיחַיָא, corr. acc.).—Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ top אסור למיתן … תחות ש׳ (not דלא מיתן) it is forbidden to put coins into the mouth … or a loaf under the arm-pit; Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵃ bot. בי ש׳. Y. Snh. VI, 23ᶜ הוה תחות שִׁיחְיֵה וכ׳ had a loaf under his arm, and it fell down &c. ↗ expanded

שְׁחִיטָה cutting the throat, slaughtering according to the Jewish ritual. Sifra Tsav, ch. VIII, Par. 4 אין לשון ש׳ אלא משיכה by shaḥaṭ drawing (of the knife) is meant, v. שָׁחַט I. Ḥull. 9ᵃ כל טבח … ש׳ אסור לאכול משְׁחִיטָתוֹ if a slaughterer does not know the rules of slaughtering, you dare not eat of what he has killed. Ib. הטבח … לאחר הש׳ the slaughterer must examine the organs (v. סִימָן) after cutting. Ib. 20ᵃ אין ש׳ לעוף מן התורה the ritual cutting of a bird’s throat is not Biblically ordained; ib.ᵇ יש ש׳ לעוף וכ׳ it is Biblically ordained; a. v. fr.—Ib. 17ᵇ, a. fr. בית הש׳ the throat (v. מַפְרַעְתָּא).—שְׁחִיטַת קדשים (the slaughtering of sacrifices) the treatise of Z’baḥim. B. Mets. 109ᵇ.—שחיטת חולין (the slaughtering of secular animals) the treatise of Ḥullin.—Pl. שְׁחִיטוֹת. Lev. R. s. 22 (ref. to Lev. XVII, 3) ומה תל֞ ש׳ וכ׳ and why has the text the word shaḥaṭ twice?; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁחְיָיא , v. שִׁחְיָא ↗ expanded

שַׂחְיָיא , v. סַחְיָיא ↗ expanded

שְׁחֵיל , v. שְׁחַל ↗ expanded

שְׁחֵין , v. שְׁחַן ↗ expanded

שְׁחִין inflammation, boil, ulcer, skin-disease. Gen. R. s. 41 כ"ד מיני ש׳, v. רָאֲתָן. Ib. מוכה ש׳ afflicted with boils. Neg. I, 5, sq.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁחִין ² heat. Targ. Is. XVIII, 4. sore, boil, v. שִׁחְנָא. ↗ expanded

שַׂחְיָנָא (שְׂחֵי) swimmer. Y. Shek. VI, 50ᵃ top (Bab. ed. שַׂחְוָנָא), v. סַחְיָיא. ↗ expanded

שְׁחִיפוּתָא , v. שַׁחַפְתָּא ↗ expanded

שְׂחִיקָה (שָׂחַק) laughing.—Pl. שְׂחִיקוֹת. Midr. Till. to Ps. II ארבע ש׳ הן four times laughing is used in connection with God; Yalk. ib. 620 שחוק (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שְׁחִיקָה (שָׁחַק) rubbing, pounding; pounded spices. Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᶜ אם היה מחוסר ש׳ if it (the garlic which was pounded) needed the pounding (in order to be available). Ib. I, 3ᶜ bot. על חש׳ concerning pounded spices (sold by gentiles); a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁחִיקוּתָא (preced.) worn condition. Targ. O. Lev. XIII, 55 (h. text קָרַחַת, q. v.). ↗ expanded

שָׁחִיר , v. שָׁחוֹר II ↗ expanded

שְׁחִיתָא (שְׁחַת) perversion, fault. Targ. Ps. XVII, 3. Targ. Ruth IV, 22 (v. Dan. VI, 5 שְׁחִיתָה).—[Gitt. 69ᵇ Ar. some ed., v. שִׁחֲתָא.] ↗ expanded

שְׁחִיתָה ; pl. שְׁחִיתוֹת(b. h.; pits. Yoma 10ᵃ ששי שמשים … כש׳ he was named Sheshai (Num. XIII, 22), because he made the ground (on which he stepped) like pits; Yalk. Num. 743.—[Yalk. Prov. 961 בשחיתותו, read: בשחותו, quot. fr. Prov. XXVIII, 10.] ↗ expanded

*שָׁחַל 1 (cmp. שָׁחַק; Arab.saḥala decorticavit) to rub off, peel Pi. שִׁחֵל (cmp. כָּסַף Hif.) to grow white, be frightened. Ab. d’R. N., 2ⁿᵈ vers., ch. XLIII (ed. Schechter, p. 122) שחל שהכל מְשַׁחֲלִין לפניו the lion is called shaḥal, because all grow white before him; (Yalk. Prov. 959 שחל שחָלִים לפניו because they tremble before him, prob. corrupt). ↗ expanded

שָׁחַל 2 (v.חָלַל, חֲלַל II; cmp. Assyr. סחל to perforate, Del. Assyr. Handw., p. 493) to move in a hollow space, slip.—Part. pass. שָׁחוּל a) slipped. Y. Sabb. XV, beg. 15ᵃ בחבל ש׳ היא מתני׳ the Mishnah speaks of a rope drawn through a loop (not knotted). Ib. חבל שהוא משוחל בפסיקיא וכ׳ if a looped rope be meant, (of which the Mishnah says,) ‘you may tie up the broken rope with a fascia, but not with a rope, but R. Judah allows’—this would imply that the Rabbis do not allow it (and why should they not?).—b) v. שָׁחוּל. Hif. הִשְׁחִיל to pass through a hollow space (חַלּוֹן) or groove; to slide. Bets. 35ᵇ (ref. to Mish. ib. V, 1 משילין) חד תני משילין וחד תני מַשְׁחִילִין one reads mashshilin (fr. נָשַׁל), and another reads mashḥilin, you may let fruit slide down through an aperture in the roof (אֲרוּבָּה) &c.; מאן דתני משחילין וכ׳ he that reads mashḥilin is not wrong, for we read (Bekh. VI, 7) &c., v. שָׁחוּל. Y. ib. V, beg. 62ᵈ היה … משחילין דרך חלון if there is an aperture in the roof, you may let the fruit down by the aperture. Y. Yoma II, 39ᶜ מַשְׁחִיל ותורם he lets the wood slide (down the altar), and then removes the ashes. Y. Kil. IX, end, 32ᵈ חוט שהִשְׁחִילוֹ במחט (not למחט) a thread which one threaded through the eye of a needle; Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᶜ bot. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 41 ה׳ עשו עצמו וכ׳ Esau threaded his way through and went into the cave; ib. ה׳ וצף וכ׳ ed. Bub., v. צָפַף. Yalk. Ruth 606 שאלו הש׳ לה קללה אחת וכ׳ (later ed. התחיל, corr. acc.) for, if he (Boaz) had let down a single curse on her (Ruth), how could I (David) have risen?; Pesik. Vayhi, p. 63ᵃ שאלו השאיל … מלמטן וכ׳ (corr. acc.) for, if he had let down on her a single curse from above (‘below’ euphem. for ‘above’) &c.; Pesik. R. s. 17 התחיל (corr. acc.); Ruth R. to III, 10 (s. 6, beg.) החיש לה (corr. acc.).—Part. pass. מוּשְׁחָל. Lev. R. s. 36 (ref. to Prov. XI, 21) וזרע … שמ׳ מבין … נמלט ‘the seed of righteous men’ that slips through between two righteous men (like Ahaz between a pious father and a pious son) escapes; (Y. Snh. X, 27ᵈ זרע שהוא מוטל וכ׳). Pu. שׁוּחָל to be looped; part. מְשׁוּחָל, v. supra. ↗ expanded

שְׁחַל to let slip; to draw out of. Targ. O. Ex. II, 10 (Y. ed. Vien. שַׁחֵילְ׳ Pa.; h. text משה). Targ. I Chr. IV, 18.—Ber. 8ᵃ כמִשְׁחַל בניתא וכ׳, v. בִּינְתָא II (perh. to be read: כמְשַׁחֵל Pa.). to discharge through pores, exude. Yoma 78ᵃ דמִישְׁחַל שָׁחֵיל it (the unglazed earthen vessel) lets the moisture ooze through. ↗ expanded

שַׁחַל cmp. Assyr. šaḥâlu to cry) lion. Snh. 95ᵃ; Ab. d’R. N. XXXIX; ib., 2ⁿᵈ vers., ch. XLIII (ed. Schechter, p. 122) ש׳ שהכל משחלין וכ׳, v. שָׁחַל I. ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲלָא Targ. Prov. XXVI, 13. Targ. Ps. XVII, 12 (h. text כפיר); a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁחְלָא , v. שִׁיחְלָא ↗ expanded

שִׁחְלַיָּיא , v. next w. ↗ expanded

שִׁחְלַיִים du. (or שְׁחָלִים pl.) (answering to λεπίδιον, cmp. שְׁחוֹלִית) a kind of cress or pepperwort (Lepidium sativum, v. Löw Pfl., p. 396). Maasr. IV, 5 השחלים. Tosef. Shebi. II, 9; Erub. 28ᵃ. Ber. 57ᵇ; Ab. Zar. 29ᵃ. Gitt. 57ᵃ כפר שיחליים … מן שחליים the place was called K’far Shiḥlayim, because their support came from the traffic in cress; Y. Taan. IV, 69ᵃ bot. כפר שיחליא דהוון מרביין בניהון כאילין תחלוסייא (not ביניהון) it was named K’far Shiḥlaya, because they reared their children as carefully as cress is cultivated; Lam. R. to II, 2 (Matt. K., reading באילין, they reared their children on cress-dishes). Ab. Zar. 30ᵇ השחלים (Rashi השחליים) cress-dish (chopped cress mixed with wine or oil). Ib. 67ᵃ וכך היו עושין … וקורין אותן שיחליים (Ar. קדירת שחלים) and so they used to prepare it at Sepphoris on Fridays, and they called it cress-dish; Y. ib. V, 44ᵈ top וקורין אותו שחלייא; a. e.—כפר שחליים (כפר שחלייא) pr. n. pl. K’far Shihlayim (Shiḥlaya), a town in the mountains of Ephraim (King’s Mountain); v. supra. ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲלֵיף , v. שַׁלְחֵף ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲלִית , v. שִׁלְיַית ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲלָנִית (שָׁחַל I) [peeler,] name of a kind of locust. Ḥull. 65ᵇ (Ms. M. השלחנית; Ms. R. 1 השלחין; Ms. R. 2 השוחלטת, read: נית …; Ms. R. 3 השׁיחְלָנִית, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); Yalk. Lev. 537 השלחנית. ↗ expanded

שְׁחֵלֶת onycha (corresp. to Biblical צִפּוֹרֶן). Ker. 6ᵇ (classed among the גידולי קרקע!).—[B. Bath. 74ᵇ ימה של ש׳ Ms. R., v. שִׁלְיַית.] ↗ expanded

שָׁחַם (v. חָמַם, חוּם)to be hot, dark-red.—Part. pass. שָׁחוּם; f. שְׁחוּמָה. Pesik. R. s. 20 [read:] לפיכך … שנופלים בגיהנם שאש של גיהנם ש׳ היא therefore did God create Maadim (the planet Mars), intimating that they shall be thrown into Gehenna, for the fire of Gehenna is glowing red (v. ed. Fr., p. 96ᵃ, note 22). ↗ expanded

שְׁחַם , to be hot, dark, black. Targ. Job XXX, 30 (h. text שחר).—Part. pass. שְׁחִים (v. שְׁחוּם); pl. שְׁחִימִין, שְׁחִימֵי. Targ. Y. Gen. II, 7. Targ. Job VI, 16 (h. text הקדרים).—B. Kam. 96ᵇ ש׳ ועבדינהו חדתי (Ms. M. שחמי) if the coins were black (tarnished), and he (who stole them) made them look new again; חדתי ועבדינהו ש׳ if they were new, and he made them black. Ab. Zar. 33ᵇ הני חצבי ש׳ וכ׳ the jugs of gentiles made of dark clay. Ḥull. 55ᵇ משיכלי שחי׳ Ms. M. (Ar. שחמי, ed. שיחומי) dark-glazed basins, opp. חיורי (opin. quoted in Rashi: bronze basins). ↗ expanded

שִׁחְמָא (preced.) (adj.) dark, black.—Pl. שִׁחְמֵי, שִׁי׳, v. preced. (noun) blackness, black spot; tarnish. B. Kam. 49ᵃ כל היכי דסליק ביה ש׳ לולד whenever he struck her so that the black mark (bruise) could be communicated to the embryo (excluding a blow on her hand or foot); Yalk. Ex. 335. B. Kam. 96ᵇ מידע ידיע שִׁיחְמַיְיהוּ (Ms. H. שִׁחְמַיְהוּ) (when he makes the coins which he blackened look new again,) their tarnish remains noticeable. ↗ expanded

שְׁחַמְתִּית (preced. wds.) reddish, dark-colored wheat. B. Bath. V, 6 ש׳ ונמצאת לבנה … ש׳ if he sold wheat as dark-colored, and it is found to be white, as white, and it is found to be dark. Y. Naz. V, 54ᵃ, v. אִגְּרוּ. Y. Maas. Sh. IV, beg. 54ᵈ top שַׁמְתִּית; Y. Ter. II, 41ᵈ top שמת׳; Y. Peah II, 17ᵃ שַׁמּוּתִית. ↗ expanded

שָׁחַן (cmp. שחם) to be hot, parched. Part. pass. שָׁחוּן, f. שְׁחוּנָה (sub. ארץ) parched, scabby soil. Y. Yoma V, 42ᶜ top; Bab. ib. 53ᵇ, a. e., v. גָּשַׁם. Hif. הִשְׁחִין to heat. B. Kam. 82ᵃ משביע ומַשְׁחִין וכ׳ it (garlic) satisfies, heats (the body) &c. ↗ expanded

שְׁחַן (answering to h. חם, חמם) to be warm. Targ. Is. XLIV, 15, sq. Targ. Koh. IV, 11. Targ. Job XXXVII, 17 Ms. (ed. מְשַׁחֲנִין, Pa.; ed. Wil. מִשְׁחֲנִין, corr. acc.). to heat, light a fire. Arakh. 31ᵇ אנא קדים שָׁחֵין נורא וכ׳ I lighted a fire (moved into my house) before thee. (with על) to hatch, v. infra. Pa. שַׁחֵן to heat. Keth. 10ᵇ; Gitt. 70ᵃ מְשַׁחֲנַן, v. שְׂבַע. Y. Sabb. I, end, 4ᵇ מהו מיחזרתיה ומְשַׁחַנְתֵּיה is it permitted to put it back (into the oven) and keep it warm? Lev. R. s. 25 היא … ומְשַׁחֲנָא להון she (the mother hen) gathers them, and puts them under her wings, and keeps them warm. to hatch, sit over. Targ. Jer. XVII, 11 (ed. Wil. מְשָׁחִין, read: מְשַׁחֵין). Targ. Is. LIX, 5. Targ. Job XXXIX, 16 שַׁחֲנָא על בניא (Ms. תעיין בנהא; h. text הקשיח). Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּחַן, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּחַן to be warmed, get warm. Ib. XXXI, 20. Targ. Y. Deut. XXII, 11. ↗ expanded

שִׁחְנָא (preced.) = h. שְׁחִין. Targ. O. Ex. IX, 9, sq. (O. ed. Berl. a. Y. שְׁחִין). Ib. 11. Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 27 (Y. II שׁוֹחֲנָא; Y. I שִׁיחְנֵי pl.). Targ. Prov. XX, 30 (ed. Lag. a. oth. שׁוּחֲנֵי).—Pl. שִׁחְנֵי, שִׁי׳, שׁוּחֲ׳, v. supra. (v. כְּתִיתָא, כְּתִישָׁא)the scab on the camel’s back from the friction and pressure of the load; trnsf. heavy load. Gen. R. s. 19, beg.; Sot. 13ᵇ, a. e. לפום גמלא ש׳, v. גַּמְלָא I. ↗ expanded

שָׁחַף (v. חָפַף II) to rub, scrape, peel. —Part. pass. שָׁחוּף a) one whose genitals are wasted (v. מָחוּי). Tosef. Bekh. V, 4 (expl. מרוח אשך, for which Bekh. VII, 5 שנמרחו אשכיו, v. מָרַח). Sot. 26ᵇ. Esth. R. to II, 3.—b) (cmp. חֲסִיךְ) reduced, lean, losing flesh. Sifra B’ḥuck., Par. 2, ch. IV (ref. to שחפת, Lev. XXVI, 16) או עתים שהוא ש׳ וכ׳ or at times one becomes reduced in flesh, but feels comfortable &c.; Yalk. Lev. 673 נשחוף (corr. acc.).—Yalk. Gen. 146 שְׁחוּפִים, v. סָכַף.—*c) f. שְׁחוּפָה; pl. שְׁחוּפוֹת of indistinct color, gray (wool), opp. לבנות. Ḥull. XI, 2 (135ᵃ; ib. 136ᵇ (Ms. R. 2 סחופות; Ms. R. 1, a. Ar. טחופות, v. טָחַף). Nif. נִשְׁחָף to become reduced. Sifra l. c. (ref. to שחפת, v. supra) יש לך אדם … שהוא נ׳ (not וכי יש) sometimes a person is sick in bed, yet his flesh is preserved: therefore the text says, ‘and consumption’, which means that he is wasting away; Yalk. Lev. l. c. ↗ expanded

שְׁחַף 1 Pa. שַׁחֵף same, to scrape, dredge, clean. M. Kat. 4ᵇ לשַׁחוּפֵי נהרא (Ms. M. לסַחוּפֵי) to dredge a canal. ↗ expanded

שְׁחַף 2 (preced.) [to scrape, sweep,] to move, crawl. Targ. Koh. I, 5 (of the sun, cmp. נָסַר; h. text שאף). Targ. Y. Gen. III, 14 שָׁחֵיף Ar. (ed. מטייל). Targ. Y. II, Lev. XI, 42.—[Nidd. 26ᵃ משחיף Ar., v. שַׁלְחֵף.] ↗ expanded

שַׁחְפָּא (= b. h. שַׁחַף; שְׁחַף I) name of an unclean bird, supposed to be sea-mew. Targ. Lev. XI, 16; Targ. Deut. XIV, 15. ↗ expanded

שַׁחְפָּא 2 (שְׁחַף I) rubbish.—Pl. שַׁחְפֵּי. Sabb. 110ᵃ ש׳ דקניא Ms. O. a. Ar. (ed. only ש׳) refuse of reeds. ↗ expanded

שַׁחְפּוּתָא , v. שַׁחַפְתָּא ↗ expanded

שַׁחֶפֶת wasting away, consumption. Sifra B’ḥuck. Par. 2, ch. IV, a. e., v. שָׁחַף. ↗ expanded

שַׁחַפְתָּא Targ. O. Lev. XXVI, 16 (ed. Vien. שַׁחֶפְ׳; Y. שְׁחִיפוּתָא); Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 22 (Y. שַׁחְפּוּתָא). ↗ expanded

שָׁחַץ (v. חָצַץ II) to divide, tear. Ab. d’R. N., 2ⁿᵈ vers., ch. XLIII (ed. Schechter, p. 122) שחץ שהוא שׁוֹחֵץ בפיו the lion is called shaḥats, because he tears with his mouth; Yalk. Prov. 959 שהוא מְשַׁחֵץ בשיניו (Pi.).—2) to divide off, separate.—Part. pass. שָׁחוּץ; pl. שְׁחוּצִים, שְׁחוּצִין a) separate, proud, aristocratic. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵃ top והאיש … ש׳ מותר but a man is allowed (to wear those ornaments which a woman is forbidden to wear on the Sabbath), because he is not ostentatious (and will not take them off to show them), v. שַׁחֲצָנִית. Cant. R. to IV, 8 (ref. to אריות ib.) מה הארי הזה ש׳ … ש׳ וגבורים וכ׳ (strike out וגבורים) as the lion is proud (keeping for himself), so were Sihon and Og proud (selfish) … they did not come to each other’s rescue; Yalk. ib. 988 מה הארי הזה שחק (corr. acc.).—b) [that which is to be kept off, cmp. רחק,] obscene. Yalk. Is. 264 אנשי … ש׳ היו the men of Jerusalem were obscene, v. שַׁחַץ I. Pi. שִׁיחֵץ same, v. supra. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּחֵץ to separate one’s self, be exclusive, lofty. Sifré Num. 131 מלכות זו מתגאה ומִשְׁתַּחַצַת וכ׳ this proud and overweening government has only four provinces worthy of an empire &c.; Yalk. Num. 771; Yalk. Deut. 809. Ab. d’R. N. l. c. [read:] שחץ שהוא מִשְׁתַּחֵץ the lion is called shaḥats, because he is proud. ↗ expanded

שָׁחָץ (preced.) aristocratic, proud, vainglorious, pompous. Pesik. Par., p. 40ᵃ אית לך למימר … שהיה ש׳ will you say of that righteous man (Simeon the high priest) that he was vainglorious?; Y. Shek. IV, 48ᵃ bot. שִׁיחֵץ היה.—Pl. שְׁחָצִים. Pesik. l. c. וכולם ש׳ היו and all of them (those high priests that made such a display) were ostentatious people, v. שַׁחֲצִית. Lev. R. s. 20 ש׳ היו they (Nadab and Abihu) were aristocratic (deeming no woman noble enough for them); Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXVIII, 63 שַׁחֲצָנִין (ed. Bub. שקרנין, corr. acc.); Yalk. ib. 822 שְׁחָצִין. ↗ expanded

שַׁחַץ 1 (v. שָׁחַץ, part. pass., part. pass.) [separation,] obscenity, abomination, disgrace. Sabb. 62ᵇ אנשי … אנשי ש׳ היו the men of Jerusalem were lovers of obscene talk; (Yalk. Is. 264 שחוצים). Pes. 3ᵇ ש׳ פסול (they found in him) obscenity which made him unworthy of the priesthood; (Rashi: pride). Tanḥ. Vaëra 9; Ex. R. s. 8 לך ועשה מי שעשה עצמו אלוה ש׳ בעולם go and make him that made himself a god an abomination in the world; ib. וכן … נעשה ש׳ בעולם and so Sennacherib prided himself, and became an abomination &c. Ib. אני ממלא … ומראה שַׁהֲצוֹ לבריות I fill the upper and the lower regions with him (his repute), and let people see his disgrace; Tanḥ. l. c. שבחן (corr. acc.). Ib. הקב"ה מראה ש׳ וכ׳ the Lord shows all men the disgrace of the proud; a. e.—Pl. שְׁחָצִים. Ib. (ref. to Job XLI, 26 בני שחץ) אלו הגיותנין … ש׳ בעולם this means the proud that make themselves gods: the Lord makes them abominations in the world. (b. h.) pride, v. supra. ↗ expanded

שַׁחַץ 2 Job XXVIII, [tearer, or proud,] surname of lion. Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXXIX; sec. Vers., ch. XLIII (ed. Schechter); Yalk. Prov. 959, v. שָׁחַץ. ↗ expanded

שַׁחְצָא Targ. Ps. XVII, 12 Regia (ed. שחלא). ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲצִית (v. שָׁחָץ) ostentatiousness. Y. Shek. IV, 48ᵃ ש׳ גדולה היתה וכ׳ there was great love of display among the sons of the high priests. ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲצָן m., v. שָׁחָץ ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲצָנִית (preced.) loving display, vain.—Pl. שַׁחֲצָנִיּוֹת. Y. Sabb. VI, 7ᵈ ע"י שהנשים ש׳ והיא מתרתן וכ׳ because women like display, and one might untie them (those ornaments, to show them) to their neighbors, and in forgetfulness walk with them &c. ↗ expanded

שָׂחַק to be bright; to laugh, jest, play. Tosef. B. Kam. II, 2 ס׳ בין הבקר וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. צחבין, צהבין, read: צחק בין) if he (the ox) sported among the herd three times (doing no harm). Deut. R. s. 3, end ראה … שׂוֹחַקַת לעבד the king saw her smile at one of his servants. Y. Kidd. III, 63ᵈ מימי לא ש׳ וכ׳ never did a person have his sport with me, except this man. Tanḥ. Naso 5 באותו שבפנים שָׂחַקְתָּ אבל … לִשְׂחוֹק thou didst fool him (the watchman) that was inside, but thou canst not fool me. Der. Er. Zuṭṭa ch. V ולא בוכה בין השׂוֹחֲקִים ולא שׂוֹחֵק וכ׳ nor should one weep among those who laugh, nor laugh among those who weep; a. fr.—Trnsf. (of fingers) to be spread, opp. עצב. Succ. 7ᵃ טפח שוחק (Ms. M. a. Ar. ס׳); Erub. 3ᵇ שׂוֹחֲקוֹת, v. אַמָּה; a. e. Pi. שִׂיחֵק, סִ׳ same. Tanḥ. l. c. באישך את מְשַׂחֶקֶת וכ׳ thou canst fool thy husband, but thou canst not fool me. Ib. ואני יושב ומְשַׂחֵק על וכ׳ but I sit laughing at my creatures. Tosef. Keth. IX, 2 מְסַחֵק הוא בה ed. Zuck. (Var. מְצַ׳) he may laugh at her (and take the sham sale seriously); (Keth. 79ᵃ רצה מצחק), v. פִּיסְטִין. Tanḥ. Noah 5 והיו משחקין ממנו they laughed at him (Noah). Ber. 7ᵇ, a. e. השעה משחקת לו the hour smiles on him, i.e. he is in luck; a. fr. Hif. הִשְׂחִיק to cause to laugh, lead to sport. Gen. R. s. 22 אם בא … להַשְׂחִיקְךָ שמחהו וכ׳ if thy inclination comes to incite thee to merriment, rejoice it with words of the Law; Yalk. Is. 296. ↗ expanded

שַׂחַק , v. שְׂחוֹק ↗ expanded

שָׁחַק (b. h.) to rub, grind, pound. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII ולמה … שחקים שהן שׁוֹחֲקִין אלו באלו why are the clouds named sh’ḥaḳim? Because they rub against one another. Gen. R. s. 13, a. e., v. שַׁחַק II. Bets. II, 8 שוחקין את הפלפלין וכ׳ you may grind pepper on the pepper-mill (on the Holy Day). Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵃ top שְׁחָקָן וכ׳ if he mashed them (the turnips), he must say the benediction &c., opp. אם בעיינן הן if they are in their natural shape; a. fr.—[Yalk. Cant. 988 שחק, v. שָׁחַץ.]—Part. pass. שָׁחוּק; f. שְׁחוּקָה; pl. שְׁחוּקִים, שְׁחוּקִין; שְׁחוּקוֹת a) ground, pounded, mashed. Y. Ber. l. c. ויין לאו ש׳ הוא is wine not a product gained by pounding?; ib. ופת לאו ש׳ היא is not bread a product &c.?; ib. שאר … אע"פ שש׳ הן וכ׳ all other things, although produced by pounding (like olive-oil &c.) are ritually treated as if in their natural state; a. e.—b) (cmp. שָׁחַף) lean, meagre. Y. Dem. II, beg. 22ᵇ שחוקה היא (R. S. to Dem. II, 1 שְׁחִיקָא ch.) the fig of Bozrah is stunted. Pi. שִׁיחֵק same; same; part. pass. מְשׁוּחָק; pl. מְשׁוּחָקִים, מְשׁוּחָקִין rubbed, worn-out, threadbare. Tosef. Men. I, 8; Zeb. 18ᵃ, v. רָשַׁל; ib. 18ᵇ; a. e. to curse the memory of a person, v. next w. Nif. נִשְׁחַק to be ground. Ab. d’R. N. ch. I נִשְׁחֲקוּ עצמותיו his bones were ground, i.e. his memory is cursed, v. next w. ↗ expanded

שְׁחַק Targ. O. Ex. XXX, 36.—Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ bot. ההן דש׳ תומא he that grinds garlic. Ib. 10ᵇ bot. B. Bath. 146ᵃ שַׁחְקֵי, v. מַרְגְּנִיתָא; a. fr.—Midr. Sam. ch. I, v. infra.—Part. pass. שְׁחִיק.—ש׳ טמיא, v. טַמְיָא; (in Hebr. dict.) ש׳ עצמות. Gen. R. s. 49, beg.; a. e.—Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵃ top הוות רגליה שחקה (read: שְׁחִיקָא) his foot was sore from rubbing.—Y. Dem. II, beg. 22ᵇ שחיקא (R. S. to Dem. II, 1), v. שָׁחַק Pa. שַׁחֵק to mention the name of a dead person with the imprecation שחיק טמיא (his bones be ground), to curse. Lev. R. s. 32, end מדכרין ומְשַׁחְקִין there are those whose names are mentioned with a curse, opp. ומניחין, v. נוּחַ h.; Yalk. Ex. 411 (Hebr.) מזכירין ומְשַׁחֲקִים; Tanḥ. Vayaḳhel 4; Ex. R. s. 48 (mixed dict.) מדכרין ומשחקים; Midr. Sam. ch. I ושָׁחְקִין (Pe.). ↗ expanded

שַׁחַק 1 (preced.), pl. שְחָקִים, שְׁחָקִין worn garments, thin clothes. Sifra Thazr., Neg., Par. 4, ch. XV בקרחתו אלו הש׳ ‘in its baldness’ (Lev. XIII, 55), that means old clothes (whose nap is worn off). Keth. V, 8 אין נותנין לה … ולא ש׳ וכ׳ we must not give her new garments for summer and worn-out (thin) garments for winter; ib. והש׳ שלה and the discarded garments remain hers; v. בְּלָאוֹת. Zeb. 18ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁחַק 2 [dust,]; pl. שְׁחָקִים clouds, heaven, sh’ḥaḳim, name of one of the seven heavens. Ḥag. 12ᵇ ש׳ שבו רחיים וכ׳ it is named sh’ḥaḳim, for in it stands a mill and grinds manna for the righteous. Gen. R. s. 13 למה … ש׳ שהן שוחקין וכ׳ why are they (the clouds) called sh’ḥaḳim? Because they grind the water … like a stomach (grinding the food); Tanḥ. Mick. 1; Koh. R. to I, 7. Ib. איכן … בש׳, v. נָזַל. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, v. שָׁחַק; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁחַק Targ. Ps. LXXXIX, 38.—Pl. שְׁחָקיָּא, שְׁחָקִין, שְׁחָקֵי. Ib. 7 (ed. Wil. שַׁחֲקֵי). Ib. LXXVII, 18. Targ. Job XXXVI, 28; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲקָא 1 , pl. שַׁחֲקָן = h. שַׁחַק I, old garments. Targ. Jer. XXXVIII, 11, sq. ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲקָא 2 , pl. שַׁחֲקֵי 1) same. same. Nidd. 17ᵃ ש׳ דכיתנא linen rags. Ib. הא בחדתי והא בש׳ in the one case it means new linen, in the other, old linen; a. e. toils. Targ. Prov. XXXI, 7 (h. text עמל). ↗ expanded

שָׁחַר 1 to break through, dig; to search, seek. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIX, 9 ששוקדים ושׁוֹחֲרִים וכ׳ they watch, and search, and investigate &c. Hif. הִשְׁחִיר to pass through a cavity or a groove. Bets. 35ᵇ (ref. to Mish. ib. V, 1 ומאן דתני מַשְׁחִירִין וכ׳ nor is he wrong who reads mashḥirin (in place of משילין, referring for evidence to השחור, v. שָׁחוֹר II). Pi. שִׁחֵר (cmp. כָּרָה) to choose, select. Gen. R. s. 39 שִׁחַרְתִּיךָ לי, v. רֶחֶם; Yalk. Ps. 869. ↗ expanded

שְׁחַר , to search, inquire. Targ. Is. VIII, 20. ↗ expanded

שָׁחַר 2 to be charred, black.—V. שָׁחוֹר I. Hif. הִשְׁחִיר to blacken. Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵈ הִשְׁחִירוּ פניהן וכ׳ they made their faces as black as the bottom of a pot, i.e. they ruined their reputation. Sabb. 152ᵃ (ref. to Koh. XI, 10) דברים … מַשְׁחִירִים וכ׳ certain things which a man does in his young days make his face look black (sickly) in his old age; a. e. to become black. Y. Bets. II, end, 61ᵈ הִשְׁחִירוּ שיניו וכ׳ his teeth were black from fasting; Y. Sabb. V, end, 7ᶜ; Ḥag. 22ᵇ הוּשְׁחֲרוּ שיניו (Hof.; Ms. M. פניו). Ex. R. s. 1 (play on אשחור, II Chr. I, 24) שחִשְׁחִירוּ פניו בתעניות his face was black from fasting. Y. Shebi. VI, 36ᵈ bot. מכיון שה׳ as soon as it (the onion in the ground) gets black. Y. Snh. VIII, beg. 26ᵃ הִשְׁחִירָה הקדרה, v. בָּשַׁל; a. e. Hof. הוּשְׁחַר to become black, v. supra. ↗ expanded

שְׁחַר ² Af. אַשְׁחַר to get black. Succ. 33ᵇ דאַשְׁחוּר אימת when did they (the berries on the myrtle branch) become black? Pa. שַׁחֵר to blacken. B. Mets. 117ᵇ דקא"ל קא מְשַׁחְרַת לי לכותלאי Ms. M. (differ. in ed., v. שַׁחְרוּרִיתָא) he may say to him, thou wilt make my wall black (by living in my house).—Part. pass. מְשַׁחַר; f. מְשַׁחְרָא; pl. מְשַׁחְרֵי; מְשַׁחְרָן. Yoma 28ᵇ מכי מש׳ כותלי when the walls begin to grow dark (are no longer shone upon by the sun), v. כּוֹתְלָא. Ber. 28ᵃ חזנהו … דמש׳ he saw that the walls of his room were sooty. Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד מאת׳ 8) רישיה גריע ומְשַׁחְרִין אפוי (not ושיחרור) his head shaved, and his face blackened; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁחַר 3 Hif. הִשְׁחִיר (denom. of שַׁחַר) to be early in doing; to get up early. Lev. R. s. 19, beg. מי שמַשְׁחִיר וכ׳, v. עָרַב II. Midr. Sam. ch. V ע"י שה׳ והעריב בהן because he was engaged in their study early and late; a. e. Pi. שִׁחֵר (b. h.) same, to do a thing early or diligently. Ex. R. s. 1 (ref. to Prov. XIII, 24) לפי ששִׁחֲרוֹ מוסר וכ׳ because he corrected him betimes (or earnestly), he loved him. Ib. היה יצחק מְשַׁחֵר מוסר ליעקב וכ׳ Isaac trained Jacob &c. ↗ expanded

שְׁחַר ³ Ex. R. s. 47 למדו תורה דשְׁחִירִין ודקרין בלילה (ed. Wil. דשַׁחְרִין, some ed. דשִׁיחֲרִין) learn the Law from those who get up early (to study), and who read (teach) by night, opp. אִימְּטִין q. v. Pa. שַׁחֵר same. Targ. Is. XXIX, 20 (h. text שקד). ↗ expanded

שְׁחַר 4 (cmp. שחרר, v.חרם), Pa. שַׁחֵר [to declare a thing or man free, ownerless property,] to confiscate, press into public service. Targ. O. Num. XVI, 15 שָׁחַרִית ed. Berl. (Mss. שְׁחָרִ׳, שַׁחֲרֵית, שָׁחָרִ׳, v. Berl. O. II, p. 42; Y. I שְׁחָרִית). Targ. I Sam. XII, 3.—Ber. 56ᵃ חזית דמְשַׁחְרֵי לך פרסאי וכ׳ (Ms. M. דמשחדי, corr. acc.) thou shalt see in thy dream that the Parthians press thee into service &c. Ib. דמשחדי לך רומאי Ms. M. (corr. acc.; ed. אתו רומאי ושבו לך).—Part. pass. Pe. שָׁחִיר; f. שְׁחִירְתָּא sent abroad. Targ. Hos. VII, 11 כיונה ש׳ דאיתנסבן בנהא ed. Lag. (ed. שְׁרִיתֲתָא, q. v.) as a dove sent abroad when her young were taken away (h. text פותה, v. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXXIV). ↗ expanded

שַׁחַר morning dawn, early morning. Ber. IV, 1 תפלת הש׳ the morning prayer. Ib. I, 4 בש׳ מברך וכ׳ when reading the Sh’mʿa in the morning prayer, you recite two benedictions &c. Tam. IV, 1 של ש׳ (sub. תמיד) the daily offering of the morning; a. v. fr.—עמוד הש׳, v. עַמּוּד.—אילת הש׳, v. אַיָּלָה.—Pl. שְׁחָרִין, v. שַׁחֲרִית. ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲרָא Targ. Y. II, Gen. XIX, 15; XXXII, 27.—Y. Ber. I, 2ᵈ, v. עוּר I ch.; Pesik. Vayhi, p. 63ᵃ; Pesik. R. s. 17 וש׳ לא עוררתני (fem.); Midr. Till. to Ps. LVII, 9 ed. Bub.; Lam. R. to II, 18; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁחְרוּר , v. sub שִׁיחְ׳. ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲרוֹרִין , v. שִׁיחוֹרָא ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲרוּרִית (שָׁחַר II) blackness, ugliness. Taan. 23ᵇ תחזור חנה לשַׁחֲרוּרִיתָהּ וכ׳ may Hannah become ugly again, and she did so. ↗ expanded

שַׁחְרוּרִיתָא B. Kam. 20ᵇ משום ש׳ דאשייתא because the walls get black (when people live in the house). B. Mets. 117ᵇ משום דאיכא ש׳ (Ms. H. שְׁחַרְתָּא דאשיתא; differ. in Ms. M., v. שְׁחַר II) because there is a claim in the case for the blackening of the walls. ↗ expanded

שחרות , Num. R. s. 10⁸ מתוך הש׳ quot. in Levy Talm. Dict., read השִׁכָּרוּת. ↗ expanded

שְׁחַרִחֲרוּת (v. preced. arts.) blackness; trnsf. sinfulness. Cant. R. to I, 6 אל תראוני בשְׁחַרְחֲרוּתִי look not at me in my sinfulness (do not exaggerate my faults). ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲרִית (שַׁחַר) morning time. Ber. I, 2 (9ᵇ) מאימתי … בש׳ (Y. ed. Ms. M. בשְׁחָרִין; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) from what time may we read the Sh’m‘a in the morning?; Tosef. ib. I, 2 בשחרין; a. fr.—פת ש׳, v. פַּת.—טובלי ש׳, טובלי שחרין, v. טָבַל I. ↗ expanded

שִׁחֲרֵר (חָרַר II) to set free, emancipate. Y. Yeb. VIII, 8ᵃ top העושה עבדו … שִׁיחֲרָרוֹ מְשֹׁוחֲרָר if a man mortgages his slave and then sells him, he is not sold; if he sets him free, he is free. Gitt. IV, 4 עבד … ושחררו וכ׳ if a master mortgages his slave and sets him free …, we force the mortgagee to make him a freedman, but he (the slave) writes a note on his value; ib. אינו כותב אלא מְשַׁחֲרָרוֹ none but him who set him free has to write the note of indebtedness. Ib. 40ᵇ מי שחררו which of them (the mortgager or the mortgagee) set him free? Ber. 47ᵇ ש׳ עבדו וכ׳ declared his slave free and made him serve to complete the number of ten persons (required for prayers). Ib., a. e. כל המְשַׁחֲרֵר עבדו וכ׳ whoever sets his slave free, violates a positive command; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשֹׁוחֲרָר; f. מְשֹׁוחֲרָרָה, מְשֹׁוחֲרֶרֶת &c. Gitt. IV, 4; Y. Yeb. l. c., v. supra; a. fr.—Ib. VIII, 9ᶜ top (play on שחרים, I Chr. VIII, 8) זה בועז שהיה מש׳ מן וכ׳ that is Boaz who was free from sins; Ruth R. to I, 21 (Par. 4); (Yalk. Chr. 1077 שנשתחרר). Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּחֲרֵר, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּחֲרֵר to be set free. Yalk. l. c. Keth. III, 1 שנִשְׁתַּחֲרָרוּ who were set free. Gitt. 43ᵃ חציה … ונִשְׁתַּחֲרָרָה a woman that is half a slave and half free, who was betrothed to R., and then was set entirely free &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁהְרֵר Targ. Y. Gen. XXX, 4; 9. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּחְרֵר to be set free. Targ. Y. Ex. XXI, 7. ↗ expanded

שְׁחַרְתָּא , v. שַׁחְרוּרִיתָא ↗ expanded

שָׁחַת (b. h.) to be low, bent. Pi. שִׁחֵת (cmp. חָבַל) to pervert, ruin, do harm. Ex. R. s. 8 ש׳ לנפשו he did harm to himself; a. e.—Ab. d. R. N. ch. I, end וירדו … לשַׁחֲתוֹ ed. Schechter (ed. לשרתו, corr. acc.) and the ministering angels came down to destroy him (Adam). Kidd. 24ᵇ (ref. to Ex. XXI, 26) עד שיתכוין לשַׁחְתָהּ when he intended to destroy it. Naz. 4ᵇ לשַׁחֵת, v. שֵׂעָר; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁחִית same. same. Ex. R. l. c. ה׳ לנפשו, v. supra. Tanḥ. Tol’d. 6 לילך … להַשְׁחִיתוֹ to go to Nabal to ruin him; a. fr.—Esp. בַּל תַּשְׁחִית (v. בַּל) the law forbidding to ruin anything wantonly (derived from Deut. XX, 19). Sabb. 129ᵃ והא קעבר מר משום בל ת׳ in doing so, do you not disregard the law which forbids wilful destruction? בל ת׳ דגופאי עדיף לי not to do injury to myself is a higher duty to me; ib. 140ᵇ; a. fr. to commit a nuisance. Y. Succ. V, 55ᶜ (play on משתחויתם, Ez. VIII, 16) [read:] שהיו משתחוים לחמה ומַשְׁחִיתִים להיכל they prostrated themselves in worship of the sun, and committed nuisance towards the Temple (v. Bab. Succ. 53ᵇ; Yoma 77ᵃ). ↗ expanded

שְׁחַת ; part. pass. שְׁחִית mutilated. Targ. Y. Lev. XXII, 24 (h. text נתוק). ↗ expanded

שַׁחַת 1 pit, grave. Pesik. R. s. 10 (ref. to Ps. LXXV, 8) זה שהשפיל לישראל לבאר ש׳ וכ׳ as zeh (Neh. IX, 18) brought Israel down to the lowest pit, so did zeh (Ex. XXX, 13) lift it up &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁחַת 2 (preced.) low growth, corn in its earliest stage used instead of grass. Peah II, 1 הקוצר לש׳ he who cuts young corn to be used as fodder; Tosef. ib. I, 8. Men. X, 8 (71ᵃ) קוצר לש׳ ומאכיל לבהמה (Bab. ed. מאכל, corr. acc.) one may cut barley as shaḥath and give it to the cattle (before the ʿOmer has been offered); Tosef. ib. X, 32 קוצר לש׳ עד שלא וכ׳ as to cutting barley for fodder: before it has approached maturity by one third, one may begin &c. Men. 71ᵇ כל לש׳ לא וכ׳ whatever is for fodder is not considered as harvesting. Sabb. XXIV, 2. Kidd. 62ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁחֲתָא same.Targ. Am. VII, 1 (h. text גִּזֵּי). trouble in the lower extremities, piles (or worms). Gitt. 69ᵇ לשי׳ Ar. ed. Koh. (oth. ed. Ar. לשח׳, לשחי׳; Talm. ed. לרוּשְׁחָתָא). ↗ expanded

שַׁחֲתָא = h. שַׁחַת I, pit. Targ. Ps. XCIV, 13 Ms. (ed. שוחה). arm-pit, v. שְׁחָאתָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁט , v. שׁוּט ↗ expanded

שְׂטָא , v. שְׂטֵי ↗ expanded

שְׁטָא , v. שְׁטֵי ↗ expanded

שִׁטָּא , v. sub שִׁיטּ׳. ↗ expanded

שָׂטָה , v. שׂטי ↗ expanded

שָׁטָה , v. שׁטי ↗ expanded

שָׁטוֹחַ , v. שָׁטִיחַ ↗ expanded

שָׁטוּף (שָׁטַף) washed, v. שָׁטַף. carried away by passion, dissolute. Sabb. 152ᵃ, v. זִימָּה I; a. e.—Pl. שְׁטוּפִין. Num. R. s. 20²² יש צנועין ויש ש׳ בזמה some springs raise chaste men, and some, dissolute men. Koh. R. to I, 13 עסוקין וש׳ בגזל passionately addicted to robbery; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁטוֹף (שְׁטַף) rapidity; (adv.) rapidly. Targ. Jer. XII, 5. ↗ expanded

שִׁטּוּפָא , v. שִׁטְפָא ↗ expanded

שְׁטוּת (שָׁטָה) madness; folly. Num. R. s. 9⁶ (ref. to Num. V, 12) תשטה תשטה כתיב בשין … עד שיכנס בה רוח ש׳ (not בה הש׳ …) it is written with Shin so that you may read thishṭeh, to intimate that a woman will not go astray, unless the spirit of insanity has entered into her; Sot. 3ᵃ אין אדם עובר עבירה … רוח ש׳ no man sins unless &c. Midr. Till. to Ps. IX, v. מוֹרָא II. Y. Naz. IX, 57ᵈ אדיין … עומד בשְׁטוּתוֹ Bar P. still insists upon his foolish opinion. Bekh. 5ᵇ (play on שטים, Num. XXV, 1) שנתעסקו בדברי ש׳ they were engaged in foolish things; Snh. 106ᵃ. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXXIV (ref. to Koh. III, 11) כל מה … אבל הש׳ וכ׳ whatever thou hast made, thou hast made well, but insanity, which thou hast created, of what avail is it before thee?; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁטוּתָא same. Targ. Koh. II, 3. Ib. 13. Targ. Y. Num. XXV, 1 (v. preced.); a. fr.—Sabb. 121ᵇ; v. שַׁטְיָא. Lev. R. s. 16, end הדר שטיא לאורח שְׁטוּתֵיה the fool will go back to his foolish way (with ref. to Prov. XXVI, 11). Keth. 17ᵃ, v. שׁוֹטִיתָא; a. fr. (v. שׁוּט II) contempt. Targ. Prov. XII, 8.—V. שַׁטְיוּתָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁטַח (b. h.) to spread, stretch. Sabb. XXII, 4 שׁוֹטְחָן בחמה he may spread them (to dry) in the sun. Bets. 11ᵃ שוטחן ברוח וכ׳ he may spread them in the air on pins; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁטוּחַ; f. שְׁטוּחָה &c. Ruth R. to IV, 12 (ref. to Gen. XXI, 25) שהיה יצחק ש׳ כאן וכ׳ Isaac was stretched out (prostrated in prayer) on one side, and Rebekah on the other; Gen. R. s. 63; Yalk. ib. 110; Yalk. Ruth 608. Tosef. Toh. IX, 10 כלים שְׁטוּחִין וכ׳ garments which are spread (hung up) … higher than ten handbreadths; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּטֵּח, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּטֵּחַ to prostrate one’s self. Ḥag. 22ᵇ הלך … ונ׳ על קברי וכ׳ R. J. went and prostrated himself on the graves of &c. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 2 [read:] והן … ומִשְׁתַּטְּחִין ונופלין על פניהם (ed. Bub. משתחוין) וכ׳ and they alighted from their horses and threw themselves down and fell upon their faces &c.; Yalk. Sam. 133. Midr. Till. to Ps. II, 1 וכיון שמגיע … מִשְׁתַּטֵּחַ וכ׳ but when the wave reaches the shore of the sea, it prostrates itself before the sand; (Yalk. Is. 350 כורע); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁטַח Targ. Num. XI, 32 (O. ed. Berl. שַׁטַּחוּ Pa.; ed. Vien. O. שחטו, corr. acc.). Targ. Is. XXXVIII, 21 Regia (ed. ישורטון; ed. Lag. וישיטרון, Var. וישרטון; h. text מרח). Targ. Jer. VIII, 2; a. e.—Bets. 11ᵇ מה לי למִשְׁטְחִינְהוּ וכ׳ what difference is there between spreading the hides (on the Holy Day) and salting them? Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ bot., v. מסבסלה; a. e.—Ruth R. to I, 17 ובתר … אנן שַׁטְחִין (שַׁטְחוּן) שַׁטְהִין קליה וכ׳ after the festival we shall spread the report of it (the precious stone), and whatever price it may fetch &c. Af. אַשְׁטִח same. Targ. Job XII, 23. Pa. שַׁטַּח same, v. supra. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּטַּח, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּטַח to prostrate one’s self. Targ. Y. I Gen. XVII, 17 Ar. (ed. נפל). Targ. Deut. IX, 25. Targ. Jer. IV, 31; a. fr.—B. Mets. 85ᵇ אִשְׁתֵּטְּחִי אמערתיה I prostrated myself over his (Elijah’s) burial cave. ↗ expanded

שׂטי , v. סָטָה ↗ expanded

שְׂטֵי , v. סְטֵי ↗ expanded

שטי (cmp. סָטָה) [to go astray,] to be demented, foolish. V. שׁוֹטֶה. Nif. נִשְׁטָה, Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּטֶּה, , Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּטֶּה to become demented. Tosef. B. Kam. IV, 4 שנִישְׁטוּ בעלין ed. Zuck. (Var. שנִשְׁתַּטּוּ) whose owner became insane; B. Kam. 39ᵇ. Yeb. XIV, 1 נִשְׁתַּטֵּית וכ׳ if the wife becomes insane, he cannot divorce her; נ׳ וכ׳ if he becomes insane, he can never divorce her; a. fr. to be mad; to rage, be impassioned. Num. R. s. 20²³ היה נִשְׁטֶה אחריה וכ׳ he was mad with passion for her, as we read (Hos. IV, 11) &c.; Tanḥ. Balak 18 היו משטתה וכ׳ (read: היה מִשְׁתַּטֶּה; ed. Bub. 25 נשטה). Ib. והוא נ׳ וכ׳ and he in his rage for her slaughtered it to Baal Peor; Num. R. l. c. Tosef. Nidd. V, 17 עד מתי אתם נִשְׁטִין וכ׳ how long will you rage? cry to him that created the sea. Tanḥ. Vayera 22 והזקן הוא ה׳ וכ׳ and that old man (Abraham) has run mad, and he is going to slay thee. Yalk. Sam. 131 והיתה צועקת ומִשְׁתַּטָּה … ומִשְׁתַּטֶּה מבחוץ and she screamed and raged within, and David screamed and raged without; Midr. Till. to Ps. XXXIV והיו צועקות שתיהן ומַשְׁטוֹת … ומַשְׁטֶה בחוץ and both of them (mother and daughter) screamed and raged &c. Yalk. Ps. 846 [read:] מכאן שמשאדם רואה בנים כאילו הוא משתטה from this we learn that, when a man lives to have children, he acts like a fool (in playing with them). Hif. הִשְׁטָה same, v. supra. (with ב) to fool, jest. Yeb. 106ᵃ; B. Kam. 116ᵃ אמר ליה משטה אני בך he may say, I was only jesting with thee. B. Bath. 175ᵃ אין אדם משטה בשעת מיתה nobody jests in his dying hour (therefore a dying man’s admission of indebtedness does not require the usual formalities to be binding). ↗ expanded

שְׁטֵי —Part. שָׁטֵי, q. v.—[Targ. I Sam. XVII, 42 שַׁטְיֵה, v. שׁוּט II ch.] Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּטֵּי to become or be demented, to rage; to be engaged in ecstatic exercises. Targ. I Sam. XVIII, 10 (h. text ויתנבא). Targ. I Kings XVIII, 29. Targ. Deut. XXVIII, 34. Targ. Jer. XXIII, 9. Targ. Ez. XX, 29. Targ. I Sam. I, 14 (h. text תשתכרין); a. e.—Meg. 12ᵇ וההוא גברא א׳ בחמריה and this man (thou, Ahasver) is demented from the small quantity of wine he drank. Gen. R. s. 50 (expl. וילאו, Gen. XIX, 11) אִישְׁתַּטּוּן they became demented (with ref. to אויל, Jer. IV, 22). ↗ expanded

שָׁטֵי (preced.) insane, madman, fool. Targ. I Sam. XXI, 15. Ib. XVII, 43. Targ. Prov. XX, 3 כל שָׁאטֵי Ms. (ed. Lag. כל דשאטי; oth. ed. דשטי). Targ. Ps. XIV, 1 (h. text נבל); a. fr.—Sabb. 121ᵇ אבין ש׳ מתני וכ׳ foolish Abin teaches his son folly. Yeb. 31ᵃ; Keth. 20ᵃ בר ש׳ one subject to attacks of insanity. Lev. R. s. 16, end, v. שְׁטוּתָא. Midr. Till. to Ps. VII (ref. to Job XII, 16 שוגג ומשגה, a. reading מִשְׁגֶּה) ש׳ ושטיותא (ed. Bub. ושטיתא, corr. acc., or ושטותא) the madman and the madness; Yalk. Job 906 ש׳ ושטות (read: ושטותא). Midr. Till. to Ps. IX, 21, v. מוֹרָא II; a. fr.—Pl. שַׁטְיָין, שָׁטַיָּיא, שֵׁטְיֵי. Targ. Ps. CVII, 17. Ib. XLIX, 11 (ed. Wil. שַׁטְיָא, corr. acc.). Targ. Prov. VIII, 5; a. fr.—Y. Maasr. II, 49ᵈ וכל עמא ש׳ are all other people fools?—Fem. שָׁטֵיתָא. Targ. Prov. XIV, 1 (some ed. שַׁטְיָתָא).—Lam. R. introd. (R. Simeon) שׁוֹטֵיתָא (some ed. שטותא, read: שָׁטֵי׳), v. מוֹרָא II. ↗ expanded

שַׁטְיוּתָא (preced.) madness, folly. Targ. Prov. XIII, 16 (ed. Wil. שקי׳, corr. acc.). Ib. XIV, 8; 18. Ib. XXVI, 9 (some ed. שיטותא, corr. acc.; h. text משל!); a. fr.—Midr. Till. to Ps. VII, v. preced.; a. e. (v. שׁוּט II ch.)contempt. Targ. Prov. XVIII, 3.—V. שְׁטוּתָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁטִיחַ (שָׁטַח) spread, rug, mat. Kel. XXIV, 12 העשוי לש׳ a hide used as a rug (to sit on). Ib. XXVIII, 5 Ned. 40ᵇ sq. (ref. to כלי גולה, Ez. XII, 3) זו נר וקערה וש׳ that means a light, a dish, and a mat; Lam. R. to I, 2 חמת וש׳ וכ׳ a leather bag, a mat, and a dish. Ḥull. IX, 3 (123ᵃ) המפשיט … לש׳ (not לשטיחה) he who flays a hide … to be used for a spread; Tosef. ib. VIII, 18 לשָׁטוֹחַ; Ḥull. 123ᵇ לשטוח; a. e.—Pl. שְׁטִיחִין. Tosef. Ab. Zar. IV (V), 10 ש׳ לבהמה spreads (covers) for beasts. Nidd. 55ᵃ; Ḥull. 122ᵃ. Num. R. s. 2; Lev. R. s. 23 שְׁטוֹ׳, v. סַיָּיח; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁטִיחָא —Pl. שְׁטִיחִין layers. Targ. O. Num. XI, 32 some ed., v. מַשְׁטָחָא. ↗ expanded

שטיחה , v. שָׁטִיחַ ↗ expanded

שָׁטִּים (b. h.) pr. n. Shittim, a ravine opposite Jericho. Snh. 106ᵃ (ref. to Num. XXV, 1) ש׳ שמה the name of the place was Sh., v. שְׁטוּת. Gen. R. s. 18 (ref. to Mal. II, 13 שנית) שניה לש׳ the second time (you did this) since the events at Shittim (Num. l. c.). Tanḥ. T’rum. 9 חטאו בש׳ ולקו בש׳ ונתרפאו בשִׁטִּים they sinned at Sh. (Num. l. c.), they were smitten at Sh. (ib. 9), and were healed through shiṭṭim (acacias, of the Tabernacle); a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁטִּים v. שִׁיטָּה. ↗ expanded

שְׁטֵיף , v. שְׁטַף ↗ expanded

שְׁטִיפָה (שָׁטַף) rinsing with cold water for the purification of certain vessels (Lev. VI, 21). Sifra Tsav, Par. 3, ch. VII; Zeb. XI, 7; Tosef. ib. X, 13, sq., v. מְרִיקָה; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׂטַם (b. h; cmp. טמם) to lie in wait for; to bear a grudge against, persecute. Gen. R. s. 67, v. סִנְטֵר. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ (expl. רישׄטׄםׄ, Gen. XXVII, 41) שׄנאה טׄמׄונה hidden hatred. Pesik. R. s. 13 יוסף … יַיִּשְׂטְמוּהוּ והיו … ששוֹטְמָם וכ׳ his brothers sinned against Joseph, ‘and they persecuted him’ (Gen. XLIX, 23), and his brothers thought that he would persecute them as they did him; אבל עשו כששְׂטָמוֹ ליעקב וכ׳ but when Esau persecuted Jacob &c.; a. e. Nif. נִשְׂטַם to be hated, persecuted. Num. R. s. 14⁵ זה נ׳ וזה נ׳ this one (Jacob) was hated (Gen. XXVII, 41), and that one (Joseph) was hated (ib. XLIX, 23). ↗ expanded

שְׂטַם Targ. Y. Gen. XXVII, 41 Levita. ↗ expanded

שָׂטַן , v. סָטַן Hif. הִשְׂטִין to accuse, v. סָטַן. to lead astroy; Part. מַשִׂטִין seducer. Tanḥ. Vayera 22. ↗ expanded

שְׂטַן , v. סְטַן ↗ expanded

שָׂטָן preced.) hostile being, hinderer, disturber; accuser, Satan. Sifré Deut. 218 (ref. to Deut. XXI, 10 sq., a. 18 sq.) אביו של זה … והכניס ש׳ לתוך ביתו וכ׳ this man’s father loved a fair captive, and brought the disturber into his house, and his son became rebellious. Y. Sabb. V, 5ᵇ top, v. קִטְיֵג. Ber. 19ᵃ, a. e. אל יפתח אדם פיו לש׳ man must not open his mouth for Satan, i.e. invite misfortune by ominous words. Sabb. 89ᵃ בשעה שירד … בא ש׳ וכ׳ when Moses had gone down from the presence of the Lord, Satan came, and said &c. Ib. בא ש׳ ועירבב וכ׳ Satan came (to the Israelites), and brought confusion into the world. R. Hash. 16ᵇ, v. עִרְבֵּב. Yalk. Dan. 1063 ביום … נולד שְׂטָנוֹ דריוש on the day that Nebuchadnezzar entered the Temple … his adversary Darius was born. Tanḥ. Vayishl. 8 מפני שהש׳ מזדווג לו because Satan joins him (the wicked on his road); Yalk. Ps. 843 מפני שמלאכי ש׳ מלוין אותו because Satan’s messengers escort him; a. fr.—בכור ש׳, v. בְּכוֹר.—Pl. שְׂטָנִים. Deut. R. s. 11, v. סַמָּאֵל. Cant. R. to I, 1 שלשה ש׳ נזדווגו לו three hindrances befell him (Solomon, I Kings XI, 14; 23; 25); a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׂטָן ² Targ. I Kings V, 18; a. fr., v. סְטַן II.—Kidd. 30ᵃ; Succ. 38ᵃ Ms. M. 2 (ed. ס׳), v. גִּיר III. Kidd. 81ᵃ אידמי ליה ש׳ כאיתתא Satan (temptation) appeared to him as a woman. Ib. הוה רגיל … גירא בעיניה דש׳ used to say every day, I challenge Satan, v. גִּיר III. Sabb. 32ᵃ ש׳ בתרי אומי וכ׳ Satan has no power over two persons of different nationalities (on the same boat &c.); a. e.—V. סְטַן II.—Pl. שִׂטְנֵי, שׂוֹטְנֵי, v. סְטַן II. ↗ expanded

שָׁטַף to wash, rinse. Zeb. XI, 6 (94ᵇ) ושׁוֹטְפוֹ, v. מָרַק; Tosef. ib. X, 13 ושׁוֹטְפָן. Tosef. Ḥull. X, 4 השׁוֹטֵף רחיליו חייב וכ׳ if one washes his lambs (in place of clipping), he is bound to give the priest’s share of the wool (that they shed); Ḥull. 137ᵃ; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁטוּף. Sabb. 99ᵃ (ref. to Ex. XXXV, 26) ש׳ בעזים וטווו בעזים Ms. M. (ed. מן העזים) the hair was washed on the goats and spun on the goats; ib. 74ᵇ; Yalk. Ex. 370. to flood, carry off, drown. B. Mets. VIII, 5 ש׳ נהר זיתיו וכ׳ if a stream carried off one’s olive-trees and deposited them in a neighbor’s field. B. Kam. X, 4 (115ᵇ) ש׳ נהר חמורו וכ׳ (Bab. ed. נחל) if a stream (ravine) carried off his own and his neighbor’s ass …, and he let go his own and saved his neighbor’s. Ib. 5 (117ᵇ) שְׁטָפָהּ נהר if the river washed it (the unlawfully taken field) away. Yoma 78ᵃ נחל שׁוֹטֵף a swiftly running brook. Y. Shek. I, 46ᵃ ירד שֶׁטֶף … ושְׁטָפוֹ a rain shower came down and washed it (the mark on the grave) off. Y. B. Mets. VIII, end, 11ᵈ בששְׁטָפָן (not בששטן), v. גּוּשׁ. Ex. R. s. 24 נתמלא … ובקש לשׁוֹטְפָן the genius of the sea became wroth against them, and wanted to drown them. Num. R. s. 19⁹ ויצאו מים רבים ושָׁטְפוּ כל וכ׳ many waters came forth, and flooded all those who murmured; Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXVIII, 20 (corr. acc.); a. fr.—V. שָׁטוּף. Hif. הִשְׁטִיף same. Taan. 6ᵃ ומַשְׁטִיף את הזרעים (Ms. M. ששׁוֹטֵף, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) it (the heavy rain) washes the seeds away; Yalk. Joel 535 ומְשַׁטֵּף (Pi.).—Part. pass. מוּשְׁטָף; pl. מוּשְׁטָפִים carried off, floating. Ex. R. l. c. לפי שראו … מ׳ על פני המים because they saw the bodies … floating on the water. Nif. נִשְׁטַף, Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּטֵּף, , Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּטֵּף to be washed, showered upon; to take a shower bath. Sabb. 40ᵃ ויוצא ומִשְׁתַּטַּף וכ׳ and goes out (of the steam-room), and takes a shower bath in the outer room. Ib.ᵇ ובלבד שלא יִשְׁתַּטֵּף וכ׳ but he must not have a cold shower bath and then warm himself &c. Tosef. ib. III (IV), 4; a. fr. to be swept away, drowned. Sifré Deut. 307 מה ראו … שנִשְׁטְפוּ במים why were the men of the flood drowned in water?; Yalk. ib. 942 שיִשָּׁטְפוּ; Sifré l. c. מה … להִשְׁתַּטֵּף באש וכ׳ why were the men of Sodom … swept away by fire and sulphur?; Yalk. l. c. להִשָּׁטֵף; a. e.—Trnsf. to be carried away by passion. Num. R. s. 9¹⁷; Sifré Num. 12 הרבה קידמוך ונִשְׁטְפוּ many women before thee have been carried away (into infidelity). ↗ expanded

שְׁטֵף to wash, rinse. Targ. I Kings XXII, 38. Targ. II Sam. XI, 8; a. e.—Tam. 27ᵇ שְׁטוֹף ושתי שטוף ואחית rinse (the cup) and drink, rinse, and set it down; a. e. to overflow, flood, wash away. Targ. Ps. LXXVIII, 20 ישטפון מיא Ms. (omitted in ed.). Targ. Is. XXXIII, 21. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXI, 16. Targ. Ps. CXXIV, 4; a. e.—Naz. 32ᵇ שַׁטְפוּהוּ ובנן וכ׳ the Rabbis carried R. El. away, and made him stand on their principle, i.e. made him give up his opinion and adopt theirs. Succ. 53ᵃ למִשְׁטְפָא וכ׳, v. קְפֵי; a. e. Pa. שַׁטֵּף to wash. Y. Ber. VIII, 12ᵃ bot. ולא מְשַׁטֵּף ידוי וכ׳ and did not wash his hands up to the joints. ↗ expanded

שֶׁטֶף flood, shower. Y. Shek. I, 46ᵃ, v. שָׁטַף. Gen. R. s. 73 ש׳ של גשמים a flood caused by rains (brought the rams from Laban’s fold to Jacob’s); Yalk. ib. 130; a. e.—Trnsf. passion, anger. Lev. R. s. 24, beg. בזמן שהוא נותן … שיש ש׳ בדינו when he orders execution (punishment), none praise him, for they know that there is passion in his judgment; Yalk. Ps. 843; Y. Ber. IX, 14ᵇ washing, rinsing; כלי ש׳ a vessel which requires only rinsing in order to be restored to Levitical cleanness. Ḥull. 25ᵃ; Zeb. 3ᵇ; a. e. wool that is gained by washing. Sifré Deut. 166 (ref. to Deut. XVIII, 4) ראשית גז ולא ראשית הש׳ the first of the wool that is cut, but not the first of the wool that comes out by washing.—4) ש׳ של עזים goat-skin made hairless by washing. Cant. R. to IV, 11; Gen. R. s. 65; Yalk. ib. 115 אין לך … מהש׳ וכ׳ there is no smell more offensive than that of washed goat-skins. hair that is fallen out, bald pate. Koh. R. to I, 8 (in enigmatic speech) שִׁיטְפִי מאלל (not שיטפו) my hair is going. ↗ expanded

שִׁטְפָא flood, shower. Targ. Job XXXVIII, 25. rapidity, (cmp. שגר) rapid review in recalling a tradition. Sabb. 130ᵇ דילמא אגב שִׁיטְפָךְ רהיט וכ׳ perhaps in the rapidity of reviewing, the tradition came back to thy mind?; אין אגב ש׳ רהיטא וכ׳ (Ms. M. שִׁיטְפָאִי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) yes, my tradition was recalled by the (my) rapid review; Nidd. 53ᵇ אגב שטפך אתיא לך; אגב שטפאי אתיא לי. rush of people. Y. Sabb. XIX, beg. 16ᵈ כד תחמון ש׳ עבר וכ׳ when you see the crowd pass by, bring them (the keys) by way of the row (the lines of men forming a partition for Sabbath purposes). [sweeping away, cmp. נסח, נסע,] discarding from the mind, forgetfulness. Gen. R. s. 81, v. עָקַת; Yalk. ib. 135 שִׁטּוּפָא; Tanḥ. Vayishl. 8 שמטי. (v. preced. 5) hair. Lev. R. s. 15 (ref. to Job XXXVIII, 25) אית אתרין … שי׳ there are places where they call the hair shiṭfa; Yalk. ib. 554 שִׁיטְפָה. ↗ expanded

*שְׂטַר = סְטַר to slap. Y. Shebi. IV, 35ᵇ bot. ש׳ ותלי ביה he slaps (the fig-tree) &c., v. תָּחוּב. [Comment. refer to שְׁטַר: he smears clay over it.] ↗ expanded

שָׁטַר to draw lines, arrange; [Assyr. šaṭâru to write]; v. שׁוֹטֵר. ↗ expanded

שְׁטַר (preced.) to draw, spread, strike (butter, salve &c.). Targ. Is. XXXVIII, 21 ויִשְׁטְרוּן ed. Vien. (ed. Lag. וישיטרון; ed. Wil. וישורטון), v. שְׁטַח.—Gitt. 69ᵇ ונִשְׁטְרִינְהוּ בכמכא and let him strike kamakh (v. כָּמַךְ) over it; (Rashi: let him soak it in k.). Ib. ונשטרינהו בדובשא and strike honey over it. Pes. 44ᵃ אי מִשְׁטַר קָשְׁטַר וכ׳ if he spreads it (on bread) and eats it (Rashi: if he dips bread into it); Naz. 36ᵇ. B. Mets. 85ᵇ אִשְׁטַר לך משטר I will smear thee a salve (over thy eyes). ↗ expanded

שֶׁטֶר (v. שׁוֹטֵר) executive office, execution. Yalk. Deut. 907 אלמלא שִׁטְרוֹ של יואב וכ׳ but for the executive office of Joab, David could not have executed justice; Yalk. Sam. 147 שוטרו (read: שִׁיטְרוֹ); Tanḥ. Shof’ṭim 2 סיטנו; ed. Bub. 3 שיטנו (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שְׁטָר (v. שָׁטַר) writ, document. Kidd. I, 1 a woman may be acquired as wife בכסף בש׳ וכ׳ by handing her money (or money’s worth), by a writ (handing her a paper on which is written, ‘thou art betrothed unto me’) &c. Ib. 2 a slave is acquired בש׳ by a document (bill of sale). Ib. 3ᵇ; a. fr.—Esp. ש׳ חוב (or sub. חוב) note of indebtedness, bond. Y. Peah I, 16ᵇ bot. חוטף ש׳ אחד, v. נָשָׂא; Y. Snh. X, beg. 27ᶜ; Y. Kidd. I, end, 61ᵈ חוטף אחד (corr. acc.); Yalk. Num. 744 ש׳ חוב אחד. B. Mets. I, 8 מצא ש׳ בין שְׁטָרוֹתָין וכ׳ if a person finds (another man’s) bond among his papers, and does not know its nature (by whom it was deposited &c.); a. fr.—Pl. שְׁטָרוֹת, constr. שְׁטָרֵי. Gitt. I, 5, v. עַרְכִי. B. Mets. l. c. תכריך של ש׳ a roll of bonds; אגודה של ש׳ a bundle of bonds. Ib. ש׳ חליצה, ש׳ מיאונין v. respective determinants. Ib. 6; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁטָרָא Targ. Jer. XXXII, 10. Ib. 12. Targ. Y. Lev. XIX, 20 שְׁטַר (constr.); a. e.—Gitt. 57ᵇ שְׁטַר פרטתא, v. פִּירְטָא. B. Mets. 17ᵇ כמאן דנקיט ש׳ בידיה as valid as if he held a bond in his hand; a. fr.—Pes. 78ᵃ ור׳ יוסי ש׳ מזכי … הוא is R. Jose a bond in favor of both parties?, i.e. does he not adopt two opinions contradictory to each other in principle?.—Pl. שְׁטָרֵי, שְׁטָרָאֵי. Keth. 85ᵃ; B. Bath. 151ᵃ, v. מְלוֹגָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁטְרָא (preced.) line, esp. (cmp. Ps. XIX, 5 קַוָּם) the course of stars, orbit. Targ. Job XXXVIII, 33 שִׁטְרֵיה דגלגליה ed. Lag. (oth. ed. שִׁטְרֵי, pl., constr.; h. text משטרו). Pl. שִׁטְרִין. Ib. 32 ש׳ מזליא (h. text מזרות). Ib. IX, 9. Targ. Y. Ex. XXXIX, 37. ↗ expanded

שִׁטְּתָא , v. שִׁיטָּא, a. שִׁיטְּתָא. ↗ expanded

שַׁי (b. h.) offering, gift, tribute. Yalk. Is. 288 (ref. to עד כי יבא שילה Gen. XLIX, 10) קרי ביה עד כי יובל שי לו read it, until tribute is brought to him. *Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXXII (play on יׄאׄשׄיׄהׄוׄ) [read:] שנרצה כשי למזבח יׄאׄה שׄיׄ הׄוׄא לפניו he was as acceptable as an offering on the altar; a worthy gift was he before Him; Yalk. Kings 200 (corr. acc.); [perh. to be read: שֵׂי, v. next w.). ↗ expanded

שֵׂי = h. שֶׂה, lamb. Targ. Y. Lev. XXII, 27 שְׂיֵיהּ his (Abraham’s) lamb (Isaac). [שֵׂיוֹ his lamb, v. שֶׂה).—V. שֵׂיתָא. ↗ expanded

שִׂיאוּר (v. שְׂאוֹר) leavening; (sub. עיסת) dough beginning to ferment. Pes. III, 5 ש׳ ישרף dough beginning to ferment (on Passover) must be burnt, contrad. to סִירּוּק. Ib. איזהו ש׳ כקרני וכ׳ dough is called siur, when the cracks on the surface spread like the horns of locusts; (anoth. opin.) כל שהכסיפו וכ׳, v. כָּסַף. Men. 53ᵃ (ref. to Lev. VI, 10) ואימא … אלא ש׳ may I not interpret, ‘it shall not be baked leavened’, but it may be baked as siur? Ib. ש׳ דמאן siur as defined by whom (by R. Meir or R. Judah)?; a. e.—Y. Pes. V, 32ᵇ bot. שחטו על סִיעוּר if a person slaughtered the Passover lamb while having in his house dough just beginning to ferment.—V. סִיאוּר. ↗ expanded

שַׁיָּאטָא , v. שַׁיָּטָא ↗ expanded

שְׁיָאפָא , v. שַׁיְפָא ↗ expanded

שֵׁיב seven, v. שַׁב I. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבָּא (v. שָׁבַב) chip. Hor. 3ᵇ, v. כָּשׁוֹרָא. B. Bath. 36ᵇ מימר אמד כל ש׳ וש׳ דכרבא וכ׳ (Ms. M. שִׁיבֵּי, pl., v. Rashb. a. l.) (the owner of a field which he allows another man to plough) may think, let every chip of the plough go into it (the soil), i.e. he does not care to protest as long as his neighbor derives no benefit from his field; [anoth. opin., v. infra].—Ab. Zar. 69ᵇ, v. שַׁיְיכָא.—Pl. שִׁיבֵּי. B. Bath. l. c., v. supra. Sabb. 67ᵃ Ar. (ed. צ׳), v. כָּשׁוֹרָא. incision, groove. B. Bath. l. c. כל ש׳ וש׳ וכ׳ let every incision that the plough makes go into it (the soil).—Pl. as ab. Pes. 74ᵃ איידי דאית ליה ש׳ because palm wood has grooves &c. ↗ expanded

שֵׂיבָא , Koh. R. to V, 8, v. סֵיבָא I ↗ expanded

שיבאו , v. next w. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבַאי (שָׁבָה) a species of spider. Tosef. Par. IX (VIII), 6, quot. in R. S. to Par. IX, 2 (ed. שיבאו, Var. שואבו, corr. acc., or שׁוֹבַאי). ↗ expanded

שֵּׁיבָבָא (cmp. סבב) neighbor. Targ. Ex. XII, 4 (Y. ed. Vien. שיכ׳, corr. acc.).—Pl. שִׁיבְבִין, שִׁיבְבֵי. Targ. Y. Deut. XXIV, 17 (not שיבבון). Targ. II Kings IV, 3 (ed. Wil. שְׁבֵבַ׳, some ed. שכיניכי); a. e.—B. Bath. 29ᵃ ש׳ מידע ידעי וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ידיע, corr. acc.) neighbors surely know (if people use a house) by day and by night. Snh. 96ᵇ עמון ומואב ש׳ בישי וכ׳ Ammon and Moab were bad neighbors of Jerusalem. Sabb. 109ᵇ ולישלקיה … בי ש׳ let him boil it in beer at the house of one of the neighbors; Ms. M. בשיכרא דש׳ in beer belonging to neighbors; [oth. opin. in Rashi: בי ש׳ at the gleam of sunset, v. שְׁבִיבָא; Var. in Ar. בי שכיבי in the cemetery].—Fem. שֵׁיבַבְתָּא, שְׁבַ׳. Targ. Ex. III, 22 (ed. Berl. שִׁיבָבְ׳; Ms. שַׁבִּיבְ׳, corr. acc.).—Snh. 97ᵃ אתאי שֵׁיבַבְתָּהּ וכ׳ a neighbor of hers came and knocked at the door.—Pl. שֵׁיבְבָתָא. Targ. Ruth IV, 17 שיבבתאן ed. Lag. (ed. Vien. שֵׁיבַבְתָּן!). ↗ expanded

שֵׁיבְבוּתָא (preced.) neighborhood. Targ. Y. I Deut. XV, 11.—Sabb. 119ᵃ הוה … בשֵׁבְבוּתֵיה there was a gentile in his neighborhood. Sot. 22ᵃ ההיא אלמנה … בשֵׁיבְבוּתָהּ a widow in whose neighborhood was a synagogue; לא … בשֵׁיבְבוּתָךְ is there no synagogue in thy own neighborhood? Taan. 23ᵇ הנהו … בשֵׁיבְבוּתָן (it happened on account) of those lawless people that lived in their neighborhood. Ber. 10ᵃ, v. בַּרְיוֹנָא; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיבְבִין , v. שִׁבְּבִין ↗ expanded

שִׁיבָה going back, return; use of the root שׁוּב. Sifra M’tsora, Neg., ch. IV, Par. 7 (ref. to Lev. XIV, 39, a. 43) מה ש׳ האמורה להלן וכ׳ as the coming back mentioned there refers to the lapse of a week, so it does here. Ib. זו היא ש׳, v. בִּיאָה II; Men. 4ᵃ. Macc. 13ᵃ גמר ש׳ ש׳ מהתם we learn the meaning of שוב (Num. XXXV, 28) from שוב there (Lev. XXV, 41), i.e. he is restored to his ancestral estate; a. e. ↗ expanded

שֵׂיבָה v. סָב) gray hair, old age, venerability of old age. Pirké d’R. El. ch. LII מיום שברא … לא נזרקה ש׳ וכ׳ since heaven and earth were created, the white of old age was not sprinkled upon men, until Abraham came &c. Gen. R. s. 59 (ref. to Ps. LXXI, 18) לא היא זקנה ולא היא ש׳ אלא … תן לי ש׳ are not ziḳnah and sebah the same? But (David prayed), if thou givest me old age, give me its venerable appearance with it. Ab. V, 21 בן שבעים לש׳ when seventy years old, man enters hoary age, contrad. to זקנה; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבְהוֹר , v. שִׁבְהוֹר ↗ expanded

שֵׂיבוּ , v. סֵיבוּ ↗ expanded

שִׁיבּוּחָא (שְׁבַח) song, praise; pleasure. Targ. Ps. XVII, 1 (ed. Wil. שַׁבּ׳).—Pl. שִׁיבּוּחִין, שִׁבּ׳. Targ. Prov. VIII, 31 שִׁבּוּחַיי ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. שִׁבּוּחֵי, corr. acc.; h. text שַׁעְשֻׁעַי). Ib. 30 וכד ש׳ הוית Bxt. (ed. Wil. וכדש׳; ed. Lag. וכד הוה, read: וכד חדי הוה, v. Pesh.). ↗ expanded

שִׁיבּוּטָא (שבט) shibbuṭa, name of a fish, prob. mullet (Cephalus, v. P. Sm. 4029). B. Kam. 55ᵃ; Snh. 59ᵇ; [Tosaf. to Ab. Zar. 39ᵃ identifies our w. with עיזא דימא, v. עִיזָּא].—Sabb. 119ᵃ רבא מלח ש׳ Raba salted a shibbuṭa himself (for the Sabbath); Kidd. 41ᵃ. Ḥull. 109ᵇ חזיר מוחא דש׳ the swine is forbidden, and as a compensation for it the brain of the sh. serves; Lev. R. s. 22 דג ששמו ש׳. Y. Taan. IV, 69ᵇ וכשחזרו … חוץ מן הדג הנקרא ש׳ and when the Israelites returned (from the Babylonian captivity), all the animals exiled with them returned except the fish named shibbuṭa. Pes. 112ᵇ דג ש׳ ביומי דניסן of the fishes the sh. is bad for leprosy during the month of Nisan. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבּוֹלָא , v. שׁוֹבַל, a. next w. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבּוֹלֶת , Shaf. of יבל; cmp. יְבוּל) ear of corn, spike. Peah V, 2 ש׳ שבקציר וכ׳ a single ear (that remained uncut when the cutting took place, but) the top of which reached up to the standing corn: if (by its position) it might have been cut with the standing corn &c. Midr. Till. to Ps. II והש׳ בראש הקנה וכ׳ and the ear is on top of the stalk, and its stalk boasts and says, for my sake has the field been sown; a. fr.—Midr. Sam. ch. XX שהיתה שִׁבּוֹלְתָּם גבוהה וכ׳ (not שמלתם) their spikes were as high as those of barley (v. עֲנָבָה).—ש׳ שׁוּעָל (fox-tail,) oats. Kil. I, 1 השעורים וש׳ ש׳ וכ׳ barley and oats … are not considered heterogeneous; (Maim.: desert (wild) barley). Pes. II, 5 בחטים … בש׳ ש׳ with unleavened bread made of wheat, barley, spelt, rye, or oats. Ib. 35ᵃ ש׳ ש׳ ושיפון וכ׳ oats and rye are species of barley; ib. ש׳ ש׳ שבולי תעלא Ms. O. (ed. שבילי, corr. acc.) shibboleth shuʿal are (in Chald.) shibbole taʿăla Men. 70ᵇ; a. e.—ש׳ נֵרְדְּ (spica nardi) spikenard, a species of Valerian, an ingredient of frankincense in the Temple. Ker. 6ᵃ; Y. Yoma IV, 41ᵈ.—ש׳ זָקָן the pointed ends of the chin, the lower jawbones and the chin proper. Macc. 20ᵇ.—Pl. שִׁבֳּלִים, שִׁבָּלִין, שִׁיבֳּ׳. Sabb. 113ᵇ שתי ש׳ לקטה וכ׳ two ears that fell down she (Ruth) picked up, three, she did not; Yalk. Ruth 601. Tosef. Peah II, 21 השי׳ (ed. Zuck. השו׳, corr. acc.); a. fr. (cmp. יִבְלָא I) ש׳ הַנָּהָר the current of the river, rapid stream. Makhsh. I, 6 הנותן … בש׳ הנ׳ וכ׳ if a person puts his products on a rapid, that it may float them down. Gen. R. s. 56 [read:] לאחד ששמר את גנו מש׳ הנ׳ והקיף גן בנו עמו like one that guarded his garden from the ravages of the current, and surrounded his son’s garden at the same time. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבּוּלְתָּא , ear. Sot. 5ᵃ; a. e., v. סָאסָא; v. שׁוּבְלָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבּוּקָא (שְׁבַק) remission. Targ. Job II, 1 (ed. Wil. שִׁבּוֹק). Targ. Y. Num. XIX, 9. pl. שִׁיבּוּקִין, שִׁבּ׳ release. Gitt. IX, 3 (in a formula of a letter of divorce) ספר תירוכין ואיגרת שב׳ (Y. ed. שיב׳) letter of divorce and deed of release. Ib. 85ᵇ ולורכיה … דש׳ דמשמע תריכין ושביקין and (in writing the letter of divorce) one must prolong the Vav of tirukhin and of shibbuḳin, lest it may be read t’rikhin, sh’biḳin ↗ expanded

שִׁיבּוּר (שָׁבַר) breaking, dashing to pieces. Y. B. Kam. II, 3ᵃ top על הש׳ for the breaking (destroying the tops of plants). Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44ᵃ (ref. to Deut. VII, 5) או ש׳ או גידוע וכ׳ either dashing, or hewing down, or pulling down is ordained for each of them (the altar, pillars &c.). Ex. R. s. 46, beg. על ש׳ הלוחות over his breaking the tablets. Y. Yoma I, 38ᵇ top; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבּוּשׁ (שָׁבֵשׁ, v. שְׁבִשְׁתָּא) confusion, blunder. R. Hash. 30ᵇ כדי שיהא … שלא בש׳ so that there be time enough to offer … and to sing the appropriate psalm without confusion. Ib. כיון דלא אמור כלל אין לך ש׳ וכ׳ since they recited no song at all (on account of the late hour), there could be no greater confusion than this. ↗ expanded

שֵׂיבוּת , v. סֵיבוּת ↗ expanded

שיבחה , v. שִׁכְחַת ↗ expanded

שֵׁיבַט , v. שְׁבַט II ↗ expanded

שִׁיבְיָא , v. שִׁבְיָא, שִבְיָה. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבִין captives, v. שְׁבֵי. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבְּלָא , v. שׁוּבַל ↗ expanded

שִׁיבְלַי ) f. a species of quails, v. שִׂיכְלַי. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבֹּלֶת , v. שִׁיבּוֹלֶת ↗ expanded

שֵׁיבְסַר , v. שַׁב I ↗ expanded

שִׂיבְעָא , v. סִבְעָא ↗ expanded

שיבעה , v. שְׂבִיעָה ↗ expanded

שִׁיבְקָא , v. sub שִׁבְ׳. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבְתָא = h. שֶׁבֶת I, dill. Ber. 39ᵃ מיא דש׳ (Ms. O. דשביתא) an infusion of dill. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבְּתָא Shibb’tha, name of an evil spirit that endangers the health of those that eat food touched with unwashed hands. Yoma 77ᵇ (Ms. M. 2 סִיבְּתָא); Ḥull. 107ᵇ (v., however, Tosaf. a. l.). Taan. 20ᵇ מילתא דש׳ הוה גמיר he had a tradition about Sh. ↗ expanded

שִׁיבְּתַי , v. שַׁבְּתַאי ↗ expanded

שיג , Y. Snh. X, 28ᵃ bot. משיגין; Y. Shek. VII, 50ᶜ bot. משיגא, read: משז׳, v. שְׁוַג.—[Yalk. Gen. 146; Midr. Till. to Ps. VII משיגין, v. שָׁגָה.] ↗ expanded

שִׁיגְדָּא , v. שַׁגְדָּא ↗ expanded

שִׁיגּוּשׁ (שְׁגַשׁ) confusion, perplexity, excitement. Targ. O. Deut. VII, 23. Targ. Zech. XIV, 13. Targ. Ps. XIX, 4. Targ. I Sam. V, 9; a. e.—Pl. שִׁיגּוּשַׂיָּא, שִׁגּ׳. Targ. Am. III, 9 (ed. Wil. שִׁגוֹ׳). ↗ expanded

שִׁיגּוּשְׁיָא m. same. Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 20 (ed. Vien. שִׁגּוּשַׁיָּא, v. preced.). Targ. I Sam. IV, 14 (ed. Wil. שַׁיָּא …). Ib. XIV, 20 (ed. Lag. שיגושי, corr. acc.; ed. Wil. שִׁגּוּשָׁא). ↗ expanded

שִׁיגּוּשְׁתָּא same. Targ. II Esth. VI, 1. Targ. Esth. I, 10 (not שַׁגִּישְׁתָּא).—Pl. שִׁיגּוּשָׁתָא, שִׁגּ׳. Targ. II Chr. XV, 5. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיד , v. שֵׁד, שֵׁדָא.—[מגדל שיד, v. שִׁר.] ↗ expanded

שִׁידָּא (cmp. יָד, a. שְׁדָא) side, corner, shaft (corresp. to h. יֶרֶךְ). Targ. Ex. XL, 22 (Y. ed. Vien. שִׁידָא). Targ. Ps. CXXVIII, 3 (ed. Wil. שִׁדָא; h. text ירכתי). Targ. Jon. I, 5. Targ. O. Ex. XXV, 31; XXXVII, 17 שִׁידַּהּ ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. שִׁידהּ); a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁידָּא 2 (v. next w.) chest, box. Keth. 65ᵃ, v. קַלְפָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁידָּה (b. h.(?); prob. fr. שָׁדַד = שָׂדַד to join) strong box, chest. Kel. XV, 1. Ib. XVIII, 1. Mikv. VI, 5. Y. Taan. II, 65ᵇ (ref. to Jon. III, 8) מה שהיה בכף … בש׳ וכ׳ what robbery they had in their hands, they restored; what they had in the safe, chest, or closet they did not restore; a. e.—Pl. שִׁידּוֹת, שִׁדִּים. Ib. IV, 69ᵃ bot. שמנים ש׳ של וכ׳ eighty metal chests were in Shiḥin; but R. G. said, a shiddah did not exist in our days; Gitt. 68ᵃ שלש מאות מיני שדים … ושידה עצמה איני יודע מה היא (not ושידת) there were three hundred kinds of shiddim (chests) in Shiḥin, but what a shiddah really is, I do not know; [comment. erroneously read שֵׁידָה, שֵׁדִים].—V. next art. ↗ expanded

שֵׁידָה demoness, v. שׁד. ↗ expanded

שֵׁידָה ² —Pl. שׁידָתִין, שׁידָתֵי. Gitt. 68ᵃ (expl. שדה ושדות, Koh. II, 8). Gitt. 68ᵃ (expl. שדה ושדות, Koh. II, 8) הכי תרגימו שידה ושידתין they translate it thus, demoness and demonesses, i.e. all sorts of female demons; Yalk. Koh. 968 שדה ושדתין. Gitt. l. c. אייתי ש׳ וש׳ וכ׳ let the demons come, and press them against one another, perchance they know; אייתי שידה ושידתי וכ׳ he summoned the demons &c. ↗ expanded

שידה , Sot. 48ᵇ ש׳ פרנדא Ar., v. שִׁירָה I ↗ expanded

שִׁידּוּךְ (שָׁדַךְ) settlement, negotiations preliminary to betrothal. Y. Kidd. III, 64ᵇ bot. המקדש בלא ש׳ וכ׳ he that betroths a woman without preliminary arrangements, is punished with lashes, but the betrothal is valid; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁידּוּכָא Kidd. 12ᵇ רב מנגיד … על דמקדש בלא ש׳ Rab ordered lashing … for one that betroths a woman without preliminaries; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁידּוּכְיָא , v. שְׁדוּכְיָא ↗ expanded

שִׁידְכָא , v. sub. שִׁד׳. ↗ expanded

שִׁידְּתָא = h. שִׁידָּה, chest, box. — Pl. שִׁידָּתָא. Gitt. 68ᵃ (expl. Koh. II, 8, v. שִׁידָּה) במערבא אמרי ש׳ in Palestine they say, shiddah v’shiddoth means chests (of all kinds); (Rashi: שִׁידְּתָא sing. a coach for women and nobles).—[Y. Sabb. I, 4ᵃ שידתא … עבדא, read as Y. Bets. III, 62ᵃ top: שיירתא … עברה]. ↗ expanded

שִׁיהוּי (שָׁהָה) delay. Ex. R. s. 15²¹ (ref. to Ex. XXXII, 1) אין … לשון ש׳ boshesh means delay; a. e. ↗ expanded

שיהופא , Tosef. Succ. I, 10 ed. Zuckerm., v. חֲשִׂיפָה ↗ expanded

שִׁיהֵי (שְׁהֵי) standing still, gazing. Targ. II Esth. III, 8; Meg. 13ᵇ; Yalk. Esth. 1054; v. פִּיהֵי. ↗ expanded

שיהיא , v. שִׁחְיָא ↗ expanded

שִׁיוְוָיא , v. שַׁוְיָא II ↗ expanded

שִׁיוְוִין , v. שִׁבְּבִין ↗ expanded

שִׁיּוּטָא (שׁוּט) swimming. Yoma 77ᵇ (expl. מי שחו Ez. XLVII, 5) ש׳ שכן קורין לשַׁיָּיטָא וכ׳ (Ms. M. שייטא, corr. acc.) ‘water for swimming’, for thus they call the swimmer sayyaḥa, v. סַחְיָיא; Yalk. Ez. 381 שייטא (corr. acc.).—[Y. Shek. VI, 50ᵃ top לשיוטא, v. שַׁיָּטָא.] ↗ expanded

שְׁיוֹל = h. שְׁאוֹל, nether world, grave. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 22, Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 22 (ed. Vien. שִׁיּוּל, שִׁיּיוֹל). Targ. Y. Num. XVI, 30 (ed. Vien. שֵׁייוּל). Targ. Ps. IX, 18 (ed. Lag. שייול); a. fr.—M. Kat. 28ᵇ שייול (Ms. M. שקול, corr. acc.), v. אִסְטְלָא. ↗ expanded

שיוסקי , v. שִׁיסְקֵי ↗ expanded

שיופגד , v. שׁוּפְנָר ↗ expanded

שִׁיּוּר (שִׁיֵּיר) remnant, survival; residuary; leaving unmentioned, omission. Y. Ter. V, 43ᶜ bot. אין כן ש׳ there would be no surplus (for taking Ḥallah); [prob. to be read: שִׁיעוּר]. Ker. II, 5 כל העריות … ומה ש׳ all forbidden connections are specialized in the Law, and what is left?; Bab. ed. (11ᵃ) וש׳ אין לנו וכ׳ and nothing is left over (for deriving from the text by implication) except &c. (ib. Gemara משוייר לנו). B. Bath. 150ᵃ עשו מטלטלין ש׳ אצל עבד as regards a slave, the scholars have declared movable chattel to be a legal residuary, i.e. if a man bequeathed to his slave all his property except one portion of chattel, he is not free (because a slave may be classed with movable chattel); ולא … ש׳ אצל כתובה but in the case of a wife’s jointure movables are not a legal residuary, i.e. if one bequeaths to his sons all he owns, and to his wife one small object, and she accepts that gift, she has not forfeited her jointure. Ib.ᵇ ובכולהו מטלטלי הוי ש׳ וכ׳ and in all these cases, movables are a residuary (causing forfeiture), except &c.; a. e.—Pl. שִׁיּוּרִים, שִׁיּוּרִין, שִׁיּיוּ׳. Num. R. s. 19²¹ אותם ש׳ שיצאו וכ׳ (ed. Wil. שיירות) those survivors that had come out of Egypt, and over whom death had been decreed. [Y. Sabb. III, beg. 5ᶜ שיזרי וכ׳ prob. to be read: שִׁיּוּרֵי the remnants of dry twigs (that had been used as fuel).]—V. שְׁיָיר. ↗ expanded

שִׁיּוּרָא Targ. Y. Gen. XLV, 7. Targ. Ps. XVII, 14 שִׁיּוּרְהוֹן (ed. Lag. שִׁיּוּרֵיהוֹן pl.); a. e., v. שְׁיָירָא I.—B. Kam. 15ᵃ לאו ש׳ הוא this is not left over, i.e. you cannot consider this case an omission so as to allow logical deduction from it, because, it does not belong there; Succ. 54ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיזֵב (Shaf. of עזב, v. Del. Proleg., p. 140) to release, save. Targ. Ex. II, 19. Targ. Deut. XXXII, 39; a. fr.—Snh. 96ᵃ היינו … דשֵׁיזְבֵיה וכ׳ (not דשיזבין) this is the great God that saved Noah &c.; Yalk. Is. 276. Gen. R. s. 33 כמימר שֵׁיזְבֵנִי as if saying, save me. Lev. R. s. 34 יְשֵׁיזֵיב, v. חָלַץ; a. fr. to be delivered. Targ. Jer. VII, 10; a. e. Ithpe. אִשְׁתֵּיזֵיב, אִשְׁתְּזֵב to be saved, spared. Targ. Gen. XXXII, 31. Targ. Is. XX, 6; a. fr.—Y. Ned. IV, 38ᵈ וא׳ כולה and all (the neighborhood) was saved (spared from conflagration); Y. Yoma VIII, 45ᵇ. Lev. R. s. 16 תִּשְׁתֵּיזֵיב מן צנתא mayest thou be saved from cold. Koh. R. to XI, 1 ולא א׳ גכאי מידי and nothing has been left me (from the shipwreck). Ib. ואומתך מִשְׁתֵּזְבָן and thy people shall be released; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיזְבָא (preced.) escape, safety, refuge. Targ. O. Num. XXXV, 12 (h. text מקלט). Targ. Joel II, 3 (h. text פליטה). Targ. Gen. XLV, 7; a. fr. one that escaped, remnant. Targ. Ob. I, 18 (h. text שריד). ↗ expanded

שֵׁיזָבוּ same, safety, refuge. Targ. Ps. CXLII, 5 (ed. Wil. שְׁזִיבוּ). Ib. XXXII, 7. Targ. II Chr. XIV, 12; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיזְבִי Shez’bi, an Amora. Yoma 81ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיזֶבְתָּא f. = שֵׁיזָבוּ. Targ. Joel III, 5. Targ. Ob. I, 17 ed. Lag., v. מְשֵׁיזֵבְתָּא.—Keth. 111ᵃ, v. קְרַן II. ↗ expanded

שִׁיזּוּגָא (שְׁזַג) washing, rinsing. Targ. Ps. LX, 10 (ed. Wil. שְׁזוּ׳); CVIII, 10. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיזֵיב , v. שֵׁיזֵב ↗ expanded

שִׁיזְפִין (שָׁזַף) Ziziphus Vulgaris, jujubes. Kil. I, 4. Y. ib. I, 27ᵃ bot. Yoma 81ᵃ ↗ expanded

שִׁיזְרָה , v. שִׁזְרָה ↗ expanded

שֵׁיזַרְתָּא , v. שֵׁזַרְתָּא ↗ expanded

שִׂיחַ to think, talk, v. סוּחַ. ↗ expanded

שֵׂיחַ thought, talk. Ḥag. 5ᵇ (ref. to Am. IV, 13) עבד שרבו … מה שֵׂיחוֹ תקנה יש לו is there a remedy (subterfuge) for a slave whose master can tell him what he thinks?; Yalk. Am. 542.—V. סִיחָה. ↗ expanded

שִׂיחַ ² (b. h.) plant, tree. — Pl. שִׂיחִין. B. Bath. 78ᵇ (play on סיחון, Num. XXI, 28) מקרית צדיקים שנקראו ש׳ from the city of the righteous who are named trees (as Ps. XCII, 13; v. Snh. 93ᵃ); Yalk. Num. 765. ↗ expanded

שַׂיָּח (שוח = שָׂחָה) swimmer. — Pl. שַׂיָּחִין. Tosef. Ter. VII, 14 חבית של ש׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. שַׁיָּטִין; שועין, corr. acc.) the swimmers’ bottle, v. חָבִית; Y. ib. VIII, 45ᵈ bot. חבית ש׳ (insert של). ↗ expanded

שָׁיֵחַ , v. שׁוּח ch. ↗ expanded

שִׁיחַ (שׁוּחַ) ditch. B. Kam. V, 5, v. בּוֹר II. Erub. II, 5; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁיחִים, שִׁיחִין. B. Bath. III, 1. Tanḥ. Haăz. 1 כעקרב מוטל לארץ ולש׳ like a scorpion that lies on the ground and in ditches. B. Kam. 50ᵃ חופר בורות ש׳ וכ׳ digger of wells, ditches, and caves; Tosef. ib. VI, 5 חופר ש׳, v. נְחוּנְיָא; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁיחַ ² , pit, cavity. Targ. Ps. XXXV, 7, a. e., v. שְׁיַיח.—Pl. שִׁיחִין, שִׁיחַיָּא, שִׁיחַיָּה. Targ. Zech. XIV, 10 שִׁיחֵי מלכא (h. text יקבי המלך), v. infra.—Pesik. Ronni, p. 143ᵃ; Yalk. Is. 334 (expl. יקבי המלך) עד ש׳ דיפו, v. יָפוֹ; Cant. R. to VII, 5. ↗ expanded

שִׁיחָה (שָׁחַח; v. preced.) low talk, whisper (cmp. Is. XXIX, 4). Sabb. 152ᵃ (ref. to Koh. XII, 4) שאפי׳ קול שרים ושרות דומות עליו כשִׁי׳ Ms. M. (ed. שירים ושירות כשׁוּ׳, corr. acc.) even the loud songs of singers and songstresses sound to him like a whisper; Yalk. Koh. 989. ↗ expanded

שִׂיחָה , v. סִיחָה ↗ expanded

שִׁיחוּמֵי , v. שְׁחם ↗ expanded

שיחון , v. שִׁיחִין ↗ expanded

שִׁיחוֹר (שָׁחַר II) coal. Gitt. 19ᵃ; Sabb. 104ᵇ, v. שָׁחוֹר I. Ex. R. s. 42 אדם … מרגלית וש׳ וכ׳ if a man has placed before him a jewel and a piece of coal, will he let alone the jewel and take up the coal? Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ top (in Chald. dict.), v. קְטָא I; Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵃ bot. שידו׳ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שִׁיחוֹרָא —Pl. שִׁיחוֹרִין. Targ. Is. XLIV, 12 (ed. Wil. שִׁיחוּ׳; Ar. שַׁחֲרוֹרִין). Ib. LIV, 16 (ed. Wil. שְׁחוֹרִין). ↗ expanded

שֵׁיחִי , v. שֶׁחִי, שִׁחְיָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁיחַיָּא , v. שִׁיחִין ↗ expanded

שִׁיחְיָיא , v. שִׁחְיָא ↗ expanded

שִׁיחְיָן , v. שָׁחוֹן ↗ expanded

שִׁיחִין Shiḥin, near Sepphoris. Tosef. Sabb. XIII (XIV), 9; Y. ib. XVI, end, 15ᵈ; Y. Yoma VIII, 45ᵇ שחין (corr. acc.). Y. Taan. IV, 69ᵃ bot.; Lam. R. to II, 2. Nidd. 61ᵃ; Tosef. ib. VIII, 6; a. e.—כְּפַר שִׁ׳ K’far Shiḥin (prob. near Shiḥin). Tosef. B. Mets. VI, 3. Sabb. 120ᵇ; a. e.—Yeb. 122ᵇ כפר שִׁיחַיָּא.—Gen. R. s. 12 נחמיה איש כפר שיחון (some ed. סיחון) prob. to be read: שיחין, or חופר שיחין?, v. נְחוּנְיָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁיחְלָא (שְׁחַל) slip, fœtus; the eggs of one fecundation. B. Kam. 55ᵃ הא טעונא חדא בעתא בש׳ והא … בש׳ the one (the wild goose) becomes pregnant with only one egg at one fecundation, and the other with several. Ḥull. 57ᵇ sq. הני … ש׳ קמא אסירן Ms. M. (Ms. H. a. R. 2 דש׳ … אסירן; ed. אסירא) as to the eggs of a bird that became ṭ’refah, the first set (the eggs conceived before the accident) is forbidden. Ib. 58ᵃ דש׳ קמא משהינן וכ׳ the eggs of the first set are kept, and if the bird becomes pregnant again, they are permitted. the skin of dates. Ḥag. 15ᵇ ר"מ … ושדא ש׳ וכ׳ R. Meir (in studying under Elisha b. Abuya) ate the fig, and threw the peel away; (oth. opin. the kernel; Ms. M. 2 שילחה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 30), v. תּוּחְלָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁיחְלַיָּיא , v. sub שִׁחְ׳. ↗ expanded

שיחרור , Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד מאת׳ 8) וש׳ אפוי, v. שְׁחַר II ↗ expanded

שִׁיחְרוּר (שִׁחֲרֵר) setting free, emancipation, liberty. Kidd. 15ᵇ לש׳ for restoration to liberty, opp. לשעבוד to be the redeemer’s slave. Gitt. I, 6 שטר ש׳ writ of emancipation; a. e.—Pl. שִׁיחְרוּרִין, שִׁחְ׳ writ of emancipation. Ib. שִׁחְרוּרי עבדים; ib. 4. Ib. 9ᵃ, sq. שִׁי׳; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁיחְרוּרָא Targ. Y. Lev. XIX, 20. ↗ expanded

שִׁיחֲתָא , v. שִׁחֲתָא ↗ expanded

שַׁיָּט (שׁוּט) swimmer. Kel. II, 3, v. חָבִית; Bets. 36ᵇ; Tosef. Ter. VII, 14, v. שַׂיָּח. ↗ expanded

שַׁיָּטָא Targ. Is. XXV, 11.—Yoma 77ᵇ, v. שִׁיּוּטָא; Y. Shek. VI, 50ᵃ top (ed. Krot. שיוט׳, corr. acc.; Bab. ed. שיי׳; Ms. M. שיטא), v. סַחְיָיא. ↗ expanded

שִׁיטָּא = h. שִׁטָּה, acacia. Targ. Y. Ex. XXV, 10; 13.—B. Bath. 80ᵇ, v. שִׁיטָּה.—Pl. שִׁיטִּין, שִׁיטַּיָּיא, שִׁטּ׳. Targ. O. Ex. l. c. Targ. Is. XLI, 19; a. e.—Ex. R. s. 6; Tanḥ. Vaëra 2, v. הֲנָיָיה ch. Gen. R. s. 94 אעין דש׳ הוו וכ׳ (some ed. דשִׁטִּים) there were acacia trees in Magdala, but people refrained from using them out of regard for the sanctity of the holy Ark; Cant. R. to I, 12 דשטים; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁיטָּא 2 line, system, v. שִׁיטְּתָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁיטָּה (b. h.; = שנטה, Egypt. שנט, v. Ges. Thes. s. v. שנט) acacia. R. Hash. 23ᵃ (as a species of cedar), expl. תּוֹרָנִיתָא; B. Bath. 80ᵇ שיטא (corr. acc.). R. Hash. l. c. כל ש׳ וש׳ שנטלו וכ׳ the Lord shall cause every acacia tree that the gentiles have taken from Jerusalem to be restored to her. Tanḥ. T’rum. 9 כל ארון … ארז של ש׳ בו in every ark (for the Torah scrolls) that Israelites make, they must put shiṭṭah-cedar. Ib. ומכולן … הש׳ בלבד and of all these (species of cedars) only the acacia was chosen (for the Tabernacle); a. e.—Trnsf. the holy Ark. Ab. Zar. 24ᵃ; Gen. R. s. 54, v. רוּם I h.; Midr. Sam. ch. XII. Ib. היו … כלפי ש׳ וכ׳ (Gen. R. l. c. הארון) the cows turned their faces towards the Ark, and recited songs.—Pl. שִׁיטִּים, שִׁטּ׳. Tanḥ. l. c. ומתרפאין בש׳, v. שִׁטִּים. Ib. אמר … אני מרפא את הש׳ the Lord said, in the future I shall heal (restore) the acacias (ref. to Joel IV, 18). Ex. R. s. 35; a. fr.; v. שִׁטִּים. ↗ expanded

שִׁיטָּה 2 Shiṭṭah(b. h. . Y. Maasr. I, beg. 48ᶜ חרובי ש׳ וכ׳ carobs of Shiṭṭah and Zalmonah. ↗ expanded

שִׁיטָּה ² (שטט, cmp. שִׁרְטֵט) l) row, line. Neg. X, 6 וש׳ של שער וכ׳ and a row of hair separating them. Y. Kidd. II, 62ᵈ אשה … ושי׳ של וכ׳ (not שוטה) a bald-headed woman with a row of hair going around from ear to ear. Y. Yoma IV, 41ᶜ top אני ראיתיו … אלא ש׳ אחת וכ׳ I have seen it (the high priest’s mitre) in Rome, and there was engraved on it only in one line, ‘holy unto the Lord’. Tosef. Gitt. IX (VII), 11 מלא ש׳ אחת the space of one line (of writing); Y. ib. IX, 50ᶜ; Y. B. Bath. X, beg. 17ᶜ. Treat. Sof’rim XII, 8; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁיטִּין, שִׁטִּ׳ (m.), שִׁיטּוֹת. Ib. שִׁיטּוֹתֶיהָ של תורה the division of lines in the Pentateuch. Ib. 9 סימן תחלת הש׳ וכ׳ the mark for the beginning of lines (in Haăzinu, Deut. XXXII) is, Haazinu, Yaʿarof &c. Y. B. Bath. l. c. מקום שני ש׳ the space of two lines; Tosef. Gitt. l. c.; Y. ib. l. c. Ḥull. 65ᵃ בשתי תיבות פסיק להו בשני ש׳ וכ׳ written as two separate words, but not divided between two lines; a. fr.—2) (trnsf.) line of thought, opinion, principle, system. Lev. R. s. 2 אמר ש׳ אחרת offered a second mode (of developing the same idea from two Scripture verses). Y. Gitt. V, 47ᶜ top; Y. Erub. VII, 24ᶜ bot. ירדו לה בשִׁיטַּת וכ׳ they entered into (drew an analogy from) the principle laid down in the law concerning transactions of children. Erub. 99ᵃ, a. e. מוחלפת הש׳, v. חָלַף; (Rashi: R. J. is at variance with his own principle, v. שִׁיטְּתָא). Y. Pes. VII, beg. 34ᵃ בשיטת ר׳ מאיר following up R. Meir’s principle. Y. Peah V, 19ᵃ top [read:] בשִׁיטָּתָן השיבהו בשִׁיטַּתְכֶן דאתון אמרין וכ׳ he (R. El.) argued against them by entering into their opinion (without adopting it for himself); according to your principle, when you say &c.; a. fr. (in Chald. diction, v. שִׁיטְּתָא).—Pl. שִׁיטִּין. Num. R. s. 19⁹ (ref. to המרים, Num. XX, 10) ש׳ הרבה יש בו there are several ways of interpreting that word; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁיטְוָתָא , v. שִׁיטָּתָא ↗ expanded

שיטנו , Tanḥ. Shof’ṭim ed. Bub. 3, v. שֶׁטֶר ↗ expanded

שִׁיטְפ־ , v. שֶׁטֶף, שִׁטְפָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁיטְּתָא form) = h. שִׁיטָּה III, row, line, stripe. Zeb. 12ᵇ כולהו בחדא ש׳ וכ׳ they all stood in one line (were equal in rank and united).—Pl. שִׁיטַּיָּא, שִׁיטַּיָּה, שִׁטַּ׳. Y. Shebu. VI, 37ᵃ bot., v. קוּלְסִיתָא. Y. Gitt. V, 46ᵈ bot. והוה … ביני ש׳ וכ׳ and R. Ḥ. wrote between the lines; a. e. opinion, principle, system. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵃ bot. ר׳ יודן … אמר בשיטה אוחרי R. J. … expressed the idea in a different way; ib. ר׳ יודן … ש׳ אוחרי. Keth. 17ᵃ שִׁיטָּתֵיה לסבא (אהניא ליה) his line of conduct (habit of participating in wedding ceremonies) benefited the old man (v. שׁוֹטִיתָא). B. Mets. 69ᵃ לאו … אלא שִׁיטָּה איתמר it was not quoted as a halakhah, but as a line of opinions (all of equal rank). Y. Snh. VIII, beg. 26ᵃ מחלפא שִׁיטָּתֵיה וכ׳ R. S. b. Laḳish’s principle is at variance with itself: here he says …, and there he says &c.; Y. Peah IV, 18ᵈ bot., sq.; a. fr.—Naz. 32ᵇ ואוקמיה בשִׁיטָּתַיְיהוּ, v. שְׁטַף.—Pl. שִׁיטִּין, שִׁטִּין. Ruth R. to II, 14 פתר בה שית ש׳ interpreted it in six ways. Lev. R. s. 2 אמר תרתין ש׳ offered two modes of developing the same idea, v. שִׁיטָּה III. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁיטָּתָא (cmp. שׁוֹטִיתָא) posts, legs of a bedstead. Y. Maas. Sh. IV, end, 55ᶜ ארבעתי ארזי … שִׁיטָּתֵיה דערסא (not דערסי; prob. to be read: שִׁיטָתָה) the four cedars (in your dream) mean the four posts of the bed; Lam. R. to I, 1 (חד כות׳ 2) שולטתא. Ib. ארבעה שיקמין … שִׁיטְוָתָא וכ׳ the four sycamore trees mean the four legs of the bed; Y. l. c. כורעתא. ↗ expanded

שְׁיָיא = שְׁיַח to sink down. Imper. שְׁיֵיא. Sabb. 67ᵃ, v. שׁוּחַ I ch. ↗ expanded

שַׁיָּיא Shayya (prob. abbrev. of אוֹשַׁעְיָא). Zeb. 34ᵇ (Ms. R. 1 שישא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 9). Sabb. 66ᵃ רבא בר שָׁאיָיא Ms. O. (Ms. M. שיאה, ed. שירא; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5). ↗ expanded

שַׁיָּיטָא , v. שַׁיָּטָא ↗ expanded

שְׁיָיאפָא , v. שַׁיְפָא ↗ expanded

שָׁיֵיב , v. שְׁאֵב ↗ expanded

שַׁיְידָן (denom. of שֵׁד, שֵׁיד) demon-like, ferocious. Gen. R. s. 65 (expl. איש שעיר, Gen. XXVII, 11) גבר ש׳ (ed. Wil. שידין, corr. acc.) a demon-like man (v. שָׂעִיר); Yalk. ib. 114. ↗ expanded

שִׁיּיוֹל , v. שְׁיוֹל ↗ expanded

שִׁיּיוּר , v. שִׁיּוּר, שִׁיּוּרָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁיַיח = h. שִׁיחַ, pit. Targ. Ps. XXXV, 7 (ed. Wil. שְׁיַח). Targ. Y. Deut. IX, 19 (ed. Vien. שִׁיַּיח). Targ. Ps. LVII, 7 (ed. Wil. שִׁיחָא); a. e.—Pl. שְׁיָיהָן. Ib. CXIX, 85 Ms., v. שְׁוָוחָא. ↗ expanded

שַׁיָּיט , v. שַׁיָּט, שַׁיָּטָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁיֵיךְ (שׁוּךְ) connected, attached, related belonging to. B. Kam. 92ᵇ ש׳ ואזיל וכ׳ Ar. (ed. מטייל) the bad palm tree belongs to and goes &c., v. שְׂרָכָא. Ab. Zar. 72ᵇ כולי חמרא … ש׳ Ar. (ed. גריר) all the wine in the cask is connected with that in the siphon, v. גְּרַר. B. Mets. 98ᵇ שכירה … מֵישַׁךְ שייכא דהא וכ׳ (not שייכי, v. Rashi) shall we say, the action of hiring is connected with that of lending, because in both cases there is the same responsibility for theft and loss (and therefore the act of hiring after lending is only a continuation of, and has had its beginning simultaneously with the lending)?, opp. לחודה קיימא. Ib. שכרה … ודאי לא ש׳ או דילמא כיון דש׳ וכ׳ if he hired the animal to be used in the presence of the owner, and then borrowed it without him, shall we say, lending is surely not connected with hiring (since the laws of responsibility are different), or shall we say, because they are related in some respects, they may be considered entirely related (so that the two acts may be treated as of the same date)? B. Kam. 15ᵃ נכרי משום דלא ש׳ במצות the gentile (is disqualified as witness), because he has no relation to the Jewish religious duties; אבל עבד דש׳ במצות וכ׳ but the slave (of a Jew) who has some relation to religious duties (being bound to observe certain religious laws) &c. Kidd. 42ᵃ אם אינו ענין להיכא דש׳ וכ׳ if the text has no application to where it belongs (to the subject under consideration), apply it to where it does not belong (v. עִנְיָן). Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᵈ bot. עז דלא ש׳ בה גיזה a goat to which the law concerning the first-shorn wool does not apply; a. fr.—Pl. שָׁיְיכֵי. Gitt. 28ᵇ במילתא דלא ש׳ בה וכ׳ in a thing in which they are not interested (and may be apt to boast of their feats): but in a thing in which they are interested, they are likely to cling to their lies. ↗ expanded

שַׁיְיכָא (preced.) [attachment,] knob in the wine cask with a small orifice made for testing the flavor, or to prevent bursting, bung. Ab. Zar. 69ᵇ (Ar. שיכא, Var. שֵׁיבָא fr. שְׁאֵב; Tosaf. l. c. שִׁיבָּא chip, plug with which the orifice is stopped). ↗ expanded

שְׁיֵיל , v. שְׁאַל ↗ expanded

שָׁיֵים , v. שׁוּם I ch. ↗ expanded

שְׁיָין (cmp. אַשְׁיָאן) Sh’yan, an Amora. Y. Bicc. III, 65ᵈ top; (Midr. Sam. ch. VII אשיין). Y. Erub. I, 19ᵃ top שין; ib. 19ᵇ top שיין. ↗ expanded

שְׁיַיע , v. שְׁיַע ↗ expanded

שַׁיְיפָא , v. שַׁיְפָא ↗ expanded

שַׁיְיצָא , v. שֵׁיצָא ↗ expanded

שִׁיֵּיר , v. שָׁאַר, שְׁאַר. ↗ expanded

שְׁיָיר (preced.) remnant, relic, survival. Num. R. s. 19³² (ref. to Deut. III, 11) וכאן עושה אותו ש׳ (ed. Wil. a. oth. שירים) and here he is represented as a survival.—Pl. שְׁיָירִים, שְׁיָרִים; du. שִׁירַיִים, שִׁירַיִם. Men. II, 1 הקומץ … שְׁיָרֶיהָ וכ׳ if a priest takes a handful of the meal-offering with the intention of eating its remnants … the next day. Ruth R. to I, 5 (ref. to ותשאר, ib.) נעשית שְׁיָרֵי שירים she became like the remnants of remnants (of the meal-offering); Yalk. ib. 600 נעשית שירים. Erub. II, 5, a. e. שבעים אמה וש׳ seventy cubits and a balance (less than eighty); Y. ib. II, 20ᵇ שריים (corr. acc.). Zeb. 52ᵃ שירי חטאת the remaining blood of the sin offering after sprinkling (Lev. IV, 34, a. e.). Ib. ש׳ אין מעכבים the pouring out of the remaining blood at the bottom of the altar is not indispensable for the efficacy of the sacrifice (v. עָכַב); Meïl. 9ᵃ ש׳ מעכבים it is indispensable; a. fr.—Men. IX, 8 סמיכה שירי מצוה the laying of hands on the victim is the last of the commendable acts, i.e. is not indispensable. Ib. 93ᵇ אם עשאה לסמיכה ש׳ מצוה if he treated the laying on of hands as dispensable (omitted it); Sifra Vayikra, N’dabah, Par. 3, ch. IV; Neg. XIV, 10; a. e.—Meg. 15ᵇ (ref. to לשאר, Is. XXVIII, 5) למי שמשים עצמו כש׳ for him that considers himself like leavings (is modest); R. Hash. 16ᵇ sq. (ref. to לשארית, Mic. VII, 18).—שְׁיָירוֹת, Num. R. s. 19²¹ ed. Wil., v. שִׁיּוּר. ↗ expanded

שְׁיָירָא 1 Targ. Y. I Deut. XXVIII, 54 שְׁיָיר constr. (ed. Vien. שָׁיֵיר, corr. acc.). Targ. I Chr. XI, 8 (ed. Rahmer שִׁיּוּר); a. e.—Pl. שְׁיָירַיָּה. Y. Dem. II, 22ᶜ הני ש׳ הוו (not היא) those (not explicitly mentioned) are left over (are implied, v. שִׁיּוּר). ↗ expanded

שְׁיָירָא (שור; b. h.;, Ez. XXVII, 25) caravan. Tosef. B. Mets. VII, 13 ש׳ שהיתה מהלכת וכ׳ if a caravan travels in the desert, and a band attacks and robs it &c.; B. Kam. 116ᵇ. Y. Erub. I, end, 19ᵈ אהלים שבש׳ וכ׳ tents put up by a caravan require no ‘Erub (v. עֵירוּב), opp. שבמחנה in a camp; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁיָירוֹת. B. Mets. 18ᵃ, v. מָצָא; a. fr.—Ch., v. שְׁיַירְתָּא. ↗ expanded

שְׁיָירָה (v. שְׁאֵר) blood-relations, parents. Y. Kidd. IV, 65ᵈ bot. החיה והש׳ וכ׳ the midwife (may testify as to the first born of twins), the parents (as to the paternity of a foundling) &c.; Y. B. Bath. II, 13ᵈ bot.; ib. 14ᵃ top שיירא. ↗ expanded

שיירי , Ab. Zar. 70ᵃ bot. Ms. M., v. מְשַׁוְּורָא ↗ expanded

שְׁיַירְתָּא , = h. שְׁיָירָה I. Targ. O. Gen. XXXVII, 25 (ed. Berl. a. oth. שְׁיָרַת). Targ. Is. LX, 6 (h. text שפעת).—Y. Bets. III, 62ᵃ top שיירתה הוות עברה a caravan passed by; Y. Sabb. I, 4ᵃ bot. שידתא הוות עבדה (corr. acc.). Y. Gitt. IV, beg. 45ᶜ סלקית בשיירא (not לש׳) I went up with a caravan (to Resh Laḳish’s place); a. e.—Pl. שְׁיָירָתָא, שְׁיָרָ׳. Targ. Is. XXI, 13.—B. Mets. 18ᵇ אע"ג דשכיחן ש׳ (not דשכיחין) although caravans frequently pass there. Ib. שכיחא שיירות (read with Ms. R. שכיחן שיירתא). ↗ expanded

שַׁיִישׁ , v. שַׁיִשׁ, שַׁיְשָׁא. ↗ expanded

שַׁיְכָא , v. שַׁיְיכָא ↗ expanded

שִׁיכְבָּא , v. שִׁכְבָּא ↗ expanded

שִׂיכּוּי , v. סִיכּוּי ↗ expanded

שִׂיכּוּלָא , v. סִיכּוּלָא ↗ expanded

שִׁיכּוּן (שָׁכַן; v. Del. Assyr. Handw. s. v. שכן) establishment, realization, execution; use of the phrase כן עשה. Gen. R. s. 31, end (ref. to Gen. VI, 22) זה ש׳ לעשיית התיבה this refers to the carrying out of the command to make the ark; ib. s. 32 (ref. to ib. VII, 5 ויעש … ככל וכ׳) זה ש׳ לכינוס בהמה this refers to the execution of the command to bring in the beasts; Yalk. ib. 55; 56 שכיון (corr. acc.). Gen. R. s. 34 (ref. to Gen. VIII, 20 a. IX, 1) זה ש׳ לזכות הקרבנות (not שיכן בזכות) this is an establishment (standard passage, cmp. בנין אב, s. v. אָב) of the reward of sacrifices. ↗ expanded

שִׁיכּוֹר , v. שִׁכּוֹר ↗ expanded

שִׁיכְחָה , v. שִׁכְחָה ↗ expanded

שִׂיכְלָא , v. סִכְלָא ↗ expanded

שִׁיכְלוּל (שִׁכְלֵל) finishing, completion. Gen. R. s. 1 לבריאה … ולש׳ הארץ קדמה as regards creation (planning) the heavens were first (Gen. I, 1); as regards completion, the earth came first (ib. II, ; Yalk. ib. 3; Lev. R. s. 36; Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵈ top. ↗ expanded

שִׁיכלוּלָא same. Targ. Y. Gen. VII, 11. Ib. XXII, 13; a. e.—2) perfection, beauty. — Pl. שִׁיכְלוּלִין, שִׁכְ׳. Targ. Y. I Lev. XXII, 27, Targ. Y. II, Lev. XXII, 27 (some ed. שַׁכְ׳).—3) foundation.— Pl. as ab. Targ. II Sam. XXII, 8 שַׁכְ׳ (h. text מוסדות). ↗ expanded

שִׂיכְלַי a species of birds classified under s’lav (v. סְלָיו); quails (?). Yoma 75ᵇ ed., a. Ar. (Ms. M. שובלי; Ms. O. סיכלי); Yalk. Ex. 260 שיבלי, שבלי; v. קִיבְלַי. ↗ expanded

שִׁיכְלֵל , v. שִׁכְלֵל ↗ expanded

שִׁיכְמִי (denom. of שְׁכֶם) shikhmi, by-name of a certain class of Pharisees. Y. Ber. IX, 14ᵇ bot. פרוש ש׳, expl. טעין מצוותא וכ׳ who carries religious exercises on his shoulder; Y. Sot. V, 20ᶜ bot.; Bab. Sot. 22ᵇ, expl. זה העושה מעשה שכם he who acts like Shechem (who underwent circumcision from an unholy motive). ↗ expanded

שִׁיכְנָא , v. שְׁכֵינָא, a. שְׁכִינָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁיכְרָא , v. sub שִׁכְ׳, שִׁכָּ׳. ↗ expanded

שיכשוך , v. שַׁכְשֵׁךְ ↗ expanded

שִׁיכְשֵׁךְ , v. שִׁכְשֵׁךְ ↗ expanded

שְׁיֵל , v. שְׁאֵל ↗ expanded

שִׁילָא Shila, name of several Amoraim. B. Bath. 172ᵃ רבא בר רב ש׳ (רבה) (ed. Pes. שייא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10). Snh. 98ᵇ דבי רבי ש׳ those of the house (or school) of R. Sh.—Nidd. 26ᵃ ש׳ איש כפר תמרתא.—Y. Sabb. II, 5ᵃ top רבי ש׳ דינוה; Ruth R. to II, 19, a. e., v. נָוֶה III.—Y. Snh. VIII, beg. 26ᵃ ר׳ ש׳ בר בינא; Y. Gitt. II, 44ᵇ בינה שילוח (prob. to be read: ש׳ בר בינא).—Y. Macc. II, 31ᵈ bot. ר׳ שִׁילֹה.—V. Fr. M’bo, p. 124ᵇ.—Gitt. 69ᵃ (in a charm formula) אנא פפי ש׳ בר סומקי.—Gen. R. s. 64, beg., v. next w. ↗ expanded

שִׁילֹה (b. h.) pr. n. pl. Shilo, the seat of the Tabernacle after the conquest. Meg. 16ᵇ בכה על משכן ש׳ וכ׳ he (Benjamin) wept over the Tabernacle of Shiloh, which was to be in the dominion of Joseph &c.; Yalk. Gen. 152. Macc. 12ᵃ והוא … של ש׳ he (Joab) took hold of the altar of Shiloh, opp. to בית עולמים. Zeb. 61ᵇ; a. fr.—B. Bath. 75ᵇ אלף ושני ש׳ וכ׳ (Ar. שִׁילֵי pl.; Ms. M. אלף שתישל, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) an area of one thousand and two times that of Shiloh built up with palaces (v. טִיטְרַפְלִיּוֹת); [Rashb. שיל"ה the numerical value of Shiloh = 345]. (interchanging with שילא) Shilo, (Shila), name of a fictitious town, v. יוֹחָנָא I. Gen. R. s. 40, beg. שילו; ib. s. 25, end; ib. s. 64, beg. שילא; Midr. Sam. ch. XXVIII שילה; Ruth R. to I, 1 שילא. pr. n. m. Shilo, homiletical name of the King Messiah. Gen. R. s. 98 (ref. to Gen. XLIX, 10) עד … ש׳ זה מלך וכ׳ ‘until Sh. comes’, this means the King Messiah. Snh. 98ᵇ ש׳ שמו his (the Messiah’s) name will be Shiloh.—V. preced. ↗ expanded

שִׁילְהֵי , v. שִׁלְהֵי ↗ expanded

שִׁילְהַת , v. שִׁלְיַית ↗ expanded

שִׁילוֹ , v. שִׁילֹה.—[B. Bath. 172ᵃ, v. שִׁילִי.] ↗ expanded

שִׁילּוּחַ sending away, letting go. Sot. 9ᵃ (ref. to Is. XXVII, 8) אין הקב"ה … עד שעת שִׁילּוּחָהּ the Lord does not visit her sins upon a nation until the time comes to send her away (into captivity); אין הקב"ה … שִׁילּוּחוֹ the Lord does not punish a king, until the time comes to drive him away (depose him). Ḥull. XII, 1, a. fr. ש׳ הקן, v. קֵן. Ib. 140ᵃ לש׳ with regard to the duty of letting the mother bird go. Sifra M’tsorʿa, Neg., Par. 1 ש׳ ציפרים letting the birds (of the leper’s sacrifice) fly (Lev. XIV, 7). Y. B. Kam. I, 2ᵇ פרשת ש׳ טמאין the section treating of the sending out of the camp of the unclean (Num. V, 1 sq.). Num. R. s. 7¹⁰ נתחייבו ש׳ וכ׳ they were condemned to be sent out of the camp, this means exile. Gen. R. s. 61 שטר ש׳ a document referring to the sending away of children with gifts (Gen. XXV, 6); a. fr.—Pl. שִׁילּוּחִים, שִׁילּוּחִין, שִׁלּ׳. Ḥull. l. c. קודם שִׁלּוּחֶיהָ before sending her off. Snh. 102ᵃ (ref. to Mic. I, 14) מי … תתנו ש׳ לבניו he who slew the Philistine (Goliath) and gave you Gath as a possession:—will you give a dismissal to his descendants (will you abandon the house of David)?—Esp. שִׁילּוּחִין, שִׁלּ׳ banishment, exile. Gen. R. s. 19 דנתי אותו בש׳ I punished him with banishment (from Eden); Lam. R. introd. (R. Abbahu 1); a. e. (cmp. מִשְׁלַחַת) letting loose, visitation. Yeb. 114ᵇ ש׳ נחשים וכ׳ a plague of serpents and scorpions.—[Y. Gitt. II, 44ᵇ בינה שילוח, v. שִׁילָא.] ↗ expanded

שִׁילוֹחַ the pool of Siloah near Jerusalem. Y. Taan. II, beg. 65ᵃ אפי׳ טובל במי ש׳ וכ׳ even if he were to bathe in the waters of Sh. or in primeval waters. ↗ expanded

שִׁילוֹחַ ² Targ. Koh. II, 5 (ed. Vien. שִׁילוּח). Targ. Is. VIII, 6 (ed. Wil. שִׁלוֹ׳). Targ. I Kings I, 33; 38 (h. text גיחון).—Snh. 94ᵇ (fr. Targ. Is. l. c.). ↗ expanded

שִׁילּוּם compensation, payment, punishment. — Pl. שִׁילּוּמִים, שִׁלּ׳. Lev. R. s. 17 (ref. to Ps. LXXIII, 3 שלום וכ׳) בש׳ של רשעים אראה I want to see the punishment of the wicked. ↗ expanded

שִׁילוֹנִי of Shiloh (v. שִׁילֹה). Gen. R. s. 73 אחיה הש׳; Taan. 20ᵃ; Ruth R. to IV, 8; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁילְחָא , v. שִׁלְחָא ↗ expanded

שִׁילטוֹן , v. שִׁלְטוֹן ↗ expanded

שִׁילִי Shili, near Pumbeditha; v. הִינִי. Gitt. 80ᵃ; B. Bath. 172ᵃ (Ms. H. שילו); Yeb. 116ᵃ. Bets. 25ᵇ. B. Mets. 72ᵇ; a. e.—[שילי, B. Bath. 75ᵇ Ar., v. שִׁילֹה.] ↗ expanded

שִׁילְיָא , v. sub שִׁלְ׳. ↗ expanded

שֵׁילִין (= שלילין; שָׁלַל I; cmp. שַׁלְשֶׁלֶת) reins. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. IV, 7 הש׳ והפגר וכ׳ the reins, the bit, and the bridle. ↗ expanded

שׁילִינְיָא , v. שְׁלַנְיָא ↗ expanded

שִׁילְיְתָא , v. שִׁלְיְתָא ↗ expanded

שִׁילְפּוּחָא (v. שַׁלְפּוּחִית) bladder of a fish. Ab. Zar. 40ᵇ ↗ expanded

שִׁילְשׁוּל , v. שִׁלְשׁוּל ↗ expanded

שִׁילַת Shilath. Y. Meg. IV, 75ᵃ bot. שמואל בר ש׳ (רב). B. Bath. 8ᵇ. Erub. 28ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׂים , v. שׂוּם ↗ expanded

שִׁימָּאָה (שמם; cmp. אַשְׁמַאי) waste, ruined. — Pl. שִׁימָּאֵי, שִׁמָּ׳. Men. 33ᵇ פיתחי ש׳ ‘waste doors’, expl. ib. דלית להו תקרה over which there is no ceiling (upper beam); (oth. opin.) דלית להו שקופי which have no posts; Erub. 11ᵃ (ed. Sonc. שמ׳; Tosaf. to Kidd. 32ᵇ שמ׳). ↗ expanded

שִׂימָה (שׂוּם) putting, placing, use of the root שׂוּם. Keth. 46ᵃ אתיא ש׳ ש׳ we draw an analogy between sum (Ex. XXII, 24) and sum (Deut. XXII, 14); Y. ib. IV, 28ᶜ שׂוּמָה. Y. Shek. IV, 48ᵃ אפילו ש׳ מעכבת even where the Biblical text has the verb sum (‘thou shalt put’), it is an act indispensable to legality. Yalk. Gen. 150 שִׂימַת עין, v. הֲשָׂמָה. treasure, v. סִימָה. ↗ expanded

שִׁימּוּט (שָׁמַט) drawing out, unsheathing. Sifré Deut. 192 ש׳ סייפים the drawing of swords. ↗ expanded

שִׁימּוּעַ (שָׁמַע) announcement. Y. Shek. I, beg. 45ᵈ ש׳ שקלים וכ׳ the announcement concerning the contributions for the Temple (Sh’kalim) and concerning mixed seeds (v. שָׁמַע Hif.). ↗ expanded

שִׁימּוּר (שָׁמַר) guarding, care. B. Kam. 15ᵃ לאו בחזקת ש׳ וכ׳ are not presumed to be guarded against, i.e. need special guarding (Ex. XXI, 29); ib. בחזקת ש׳ וכ׳ are presumed to be safe (the owner is not bound to guard them). Ned. 37ᵃ שכר ש׳ the teacher is paid for guarding the pupils (and not for the teaching itself). Ib. גדול בר ש׳ הוא does an adult need guarding? Koh. R. to V, 10 צריך ש׳ וכ׳ must be watched against weasels &c.; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁימּוּרִים, שִׁמּ׳ (b. h. שִׁמֻּרִים); ליל ש׳ a night of watching. Pes. 109ᵇ; R. Hash. 11ᵇ, a. e., v. שָׁמַר.—2) (v. שְׁמָרִים) clearing wine, straining. Y. Sabb. XX, beg. 17ᶜ הותר מכלל ש׳ is permitted on the Holy Day as far as straining is concerned; Y. Bets. I, 60ᵈ bot. ↗ expanded

שִׁימּוּשׁ (שָׁמַשׁ) ministration, attendance. Ber. 7ᵇ שִׁמּוּשָׁהּ, v. לִימּוּד. Ab. ch. VI ש׳ חכמים attendance of pupils on scholars. Num. R. s. 3¹ שלא בחר … בשִׁימּוּשׁוֹ וכ׳ of all the tribes the Lord did not choose any to stand in his service but the sons of Levi. Gen. R. s. 87 היה שִׁמּוּשׁוֹ ערב לרבו his ministration was pleasing to his master; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁימּוּשָׁא , service, office. Targ. Gen. XL, 13; XLI, 13 (h. text כַּן). Targ. Is. XXII, 19 (h. text מעמד).—Esp. Temple service. Targ. Ex. XXXI, 10 (h. text שרד). Targ. Num. IV, 12 (h. text שרת); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁימִי Shimi, name of several Amoraim. Men. 29ᵃ, a. fr. ש׳ בר חייא. Ib. ש׳ את art thou Shimi (and askest such a question)?; ib. 110ᵃ. Tem. 28ᵃ ש׳ בר אשי; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁימְצָא , sub שִׁמְ׳. ↗ expanded

שַׁיִן (b. h.) urine. — Pl. שֵׁינִים. Treat. Sof’rim IX, 8 (ref. to II Kings XVIII, 27 a. Is. XXXVI, 12) כתיב שֵׁינֵיהֶם וכ׳ it is written shenehem, and it is read meme raglehem (the water of their feet); Meg. 25ᵇ שֵׁנֵיהֶם. ↗ expanded

שְׁיָן , v. שְׁיָין ↗ expanded

שי"ן Shin, Sin, name of the twenty-first letter of the alphabet. Sabb. 104ᵃ. Men. 35ᵃ, a. e. ש׳ של תפלין the Shin embossed on the capsule of the T’fillin of the head. Cant. R. to I, 9, v. שִׂישָׂה; a. fr.—Meg. 25ᵇ שין תיו euphem. for שׁת fundament. Ib. גימ"ל ושי"ן, v. גימ"ל. ↗ expanded

שִׁינּ־ , v. שֵׁן, שִׁנָּא. ↗ expanded

*שֵׁינָא 1 = h. שַׁיִן, urine, urinating. Ber. 62ᵇ Mus. (ed. שֵׁינָה sleep). ↗ expanded

שֵׁינָא 2 sleep, v. שֵׁינְתָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁינְדְּפִין (= שן דפיל) ivory. Targ. Y. I Gen. L, 1, Targ. Y. II, Gen. L, 1 (not שִׁינְדָּ׳). ↗ expanded

שֵׁינָה sleep. Ber. 3ᵇ מעולם לא עבר … בש׳ midnight never found me asleep. Ib. 62ᵇ ש׳ בעמוד וכ׳ sleep at morning dawn (v. שֵׁינָא I). Meg. 15ᵇ שְׁנַת וכ׳, v. נָדַד. Succ. 26ᵃ שֵׁינַת, v. עַרְאַי. Ib. במוסר שֵׁינָתוֹ וכ׳ when he gives his sleep in charge of others (gives orders to wake him up). Yoma I, 4 המאכל מביא את הש׳ eating causes sleepiness. Tam. 28ᵃ אונס ש׳ being overcome by sleep. Snh. 93ᵇ שהיו אונסין … ומן הש׳ they forced themselves not to laugh, talk, or fall asleep. Kidd. 49ᵇ עשרה ש׳ וכ׳ ten measures of sleep have come down to the world, nine of which the slaves have taken &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁינּוּי (שָׁנָה) change. Gen. R. s. 44 ש׳ השם change of name; ש׳ מקום change of residence. Sabb. 114ᵃ top ש׳ בגדים change of dress (for the Sabbath, for prayer &c.). Keth. 110ᵇ, a. e. ש׳ וסת, v. וֶסֶת; a. fr.—Esp. (law) change of form (and name) effected on an illegitimately obtained object, by which the present possessor is privileged to retain the object and pay its value. B. Kam. 65ᵇ נעשה ש׳ בידו וקנאו the change (from calf to ox) happened while the animal was in his possession, and he has obtained ownership. Ib. וניקנינהו בש׳ השם may he not have obtained the ownership of it through the change of name? Ib. ש׳ במקומו עומד (not עומדת) the change stands in its (the original’s) place, i.e. the change of form or name of an object does not affect its legal status; ib. 93ᵇ; ib. 68ᵃ ש׳ במקומה עומד. Ib. 66ᵇ ש׳ מעשה (= ש׳ ע"י מעשה) a change brought about by human action. Ib. 68ᵃ, a. fr. ש׳ רשות change of possession (by transfer of the object to a third person). Ib. 93ᵇ ש׳ דרבנן a change which gives the right of ownership by rabbinical ordinance, i.e. ש׳ החוזר לברייתו (ib. 67ᵃ) a change (of name) which can be undone by restoring the object to its original condition; ש׳ דאורייתא a change which gives the right of ownership by Biblical law, i.e. a change which cannot be undone; a. fr.—Men. 43ᵃ וסימנך ש׳ שקר ש׳ אמת and the mnemonical word (to remember which change proves the color to be genuine (תכלת), and which proves it to be adulterated) is ‘a false change’ (one who changes his word for evil is a bad man), ‘a true change’ (one who changes his word to do better than he has promised).—Sifra Vayikra, Ḥob., ch. XIX, Par. 11; Meïl. 18ᵃ, v. שִׁיקּוּר I.—Pl. שִׁינּוּיִים, שִׁינּוּיִין. B. Kam. 65ᵇ (ref. to גם, Deut. XXIII, 19) לרבות שִׁינּוּיֵיהֶם this serves to include in the prohibition these objects even when they have been changed in form; Tem. 30ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁינּוּיָא change, strangeness. Targ. Is. XXVIII, 11. answer, reply, solution. Sabb. 3ᵇ דמשני לך ש׳ דלאו ש׳ הוא he might give thee an answer which is no answer. Keth. 98ᵇ ש׳ דשנינן ש׳ הוא the solution which we have offered is the real solution; Pes. 12ᵇ; a. e.—Pl. שִׁינּוּיֵי, שִׁנּ׳. Nidd. 26ᵃ ומי איתנהו להני ש׳ have these replies any reality?, i.e. these fictitious cases can never occur. Yeb. 91ᵇ; B. Bath. 135ᵃ ואש׳ ניקום ונסמוך can we stand and lean on harmonizing arguments (for legal decisions)? ↗ expanded

שִׁינּוּן (שָׁנַן) diligent teaching, memorizing. Sifré Deut. 34 (ref. to Deut. VI, 7) אלו בש׳ וכ׳ these words must be memorized (by the children), but the passages (Ex. XIII, 1—10; 11—16) need not be memorized; ib. אינו דין שיהו בש׳ is it not a logical conclusion that they must be memorized?; Yalk. ib. 841. ↗ expanded

שִׁינּוּקָא (שְׁנַק) strangulation; trnsf. anguish. Targ. Job VII, 15 Ms. (ed. שר׳). Targ. Prov. I, 27 (ed. Wil. שִׁנוֹ׳; h. text צוקה). Targ. Y. Ex. XXI, 15, sq.; Targ. Y. Lev. XX, 10, v. סוּדָרָא; a. e.—Pl. שִׁינּוּקִין, שִׁנּ׳. Targ. Ps. XXV, 17 שִׁינּוּקַי Ms. (ed. קִי …, קֵי …, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שינותא , v. שׁוּנִּיתָא ↗ expanded

שֵׁינִי , v. שֵׁנִי ↗ expanded

שִׁינְנָא (שְׁנַן) keen scholar; [oth. opin.: man with long teeth]. Ḥag. 15ᵇ; Ber. 36ᵃ; Erub. 54ᵃ, a. e. (applied to R. Judah). edge, blade, v. שְׁנָנָא. ↗ expanded

שינפא , v. סונבא ↗ expanded

שִׁינְצָא , v. שִׁנְצָא ↗ expanded

שִׁינָּרָא , v. שׁוּנָּרָא ↗ expanded

שֵׁינְתָא = h. שֵׁינָה, sleep. Targ. Gen. XV, 12. Targ. Job IV, 13. Targ. I Sam. XXVI, 12; a. fr.—Erub. 65ᵃ מסר שִׁינְתֵיה לשמעיה gave his sleep in charge of his servant, v. שִׁינָה. Ib. לא איברי … לש׳ the night is made for sleep. Ber. 4ᵃ לאתעוריה משינתיה Ms. M. (ed. לאתעורי משִׁנְתֵיה) in order to be waked up from his sleep. B. Mets. 83ᵇ סמא דש׳ a narcotic drink; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁיסּוּעַ (שָׁסַע) splitting, rending. Zeb. 65ᵇ אין ש׳ אלא ביד Ms. M. (ed. שיסע) the rending of the sacrificial bird must be done with the hand; Yalk. Lev. 447. Ib.; Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Par. 7, ch. IX (ref. to Lev. I, 17) אותו בש׳ … בש׳ it (the bird) must be rent, but the burnt-offering of cattle must not; a. e.—[Pl. שִׁיסּוּעִים. Sifra Sh’mini, ch. V, Par. 4, v. שָׁסַע.] ↗ expanded

שִׁיסְקֵי plums. B. Mets. 60ᵃ אנא … ש׳ (Alf. Ms. שויסקי; Asheri שוסקי) I distribute nuts (among the children of my customers), do thou distribute plums (to attract them); B. Bath. 21ᵇ שיס׳ Ms. M. (ed. שיוסקי; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 40). ↗ expanded

שִׁיסְּרָאָה = שִׁיתְסְרָאָה, v. שִׁיתָּא ↗ expanded

שִׁיסְתָּג , v. שׁוּסְתָּג ↗ expanded

שִׁיעַ to be smooth, v. שׁוּעַ. ↗ expanded

שְׁיַע (preced.) plaster, cement, sealing clay. Targ. O. Num. XIX, 15 מגופת שְׁ׳ ed. Berl. (oth. ed. שִׁ׳, ed. Vien. שְׁיִיעַ; h. text צמיד פתיל); Targ. Y. ib. 9 שייע. Targ. Gen. XI, 3 (h. text חמר). Targ. Ez. XIII, 12 (h. text טיח); a. fr.—Sabb. 66ᵇ ש׳ דדנא (Ms. M. שִׁיעֲתָא) the sealing clay of a wine vessel. ↗ expanded

שִׁיעְבֵּד , v. sub שִׁעְבּ׳. ↗ expanded

שִׁיעוּר (שָׁעַר) proportion, standard, definite quantity or size, limit. Peah I, 1 אלו … שאין להם ש׳ for the following things there is no definite proportion or quantity prescribed. Y. ib. 15ᵃ bot. אין להם ש׳ לא למעלן וכ׳ they have no limits set either of a maximum or of a mininum. Ḥall. I, 7 אם אין … כש׳ if either portion is not of the legal size (to require the separation of the priest’s share). Ib. IV, 8 של אור יש לה ש׳ וכ׳ for that portion of Ḥallah which is to be burnt there is a legal quantity (a minimum) &c. Ib. של אור אין לה ש׳ וכ׳ for that which is to be burnt there is no minimum prescribed, but there is one for that which is to be given to the priest. Nidd. 26ᵃ ש׳ שופר the legal length of a shofar. Ib. חמשה שִׁיעוּרָן טפח for five things the legal minimum size is a handbreadth. Yoma 73ᵇ, a. fr. חצי ש׳ half (less than) the legal quantity; a. v. fr.—Pl. שׁיעוּרִים, שִׁיעוּרִין, שִׁע׳. Ib. 80ᵃ כל הש׳ כולן בכזית וכ׳ all legal standards (for eatables in ritual law) are the size of an olive, except &c. Ib., a. e. ש׳ ועונשין הלכה וכ׳ standard measures and penalties are fixed by tradition, expl. ש׳ של עונשין the minima required for punishment. Sabb. VII, 4 מפני ששוו בשִׁיעוּרֵיהֶן because they are alike as to legal standards. Ib. VIII, 1. Ib. 80ᵇ כל שִׁיעוּרֵי שבת all legal minimum sizes for eatables carried abroad on the Sabbath; a. fr.—Ib. 35ᵇ נתת דבריך לש׳ thy rule would vary according to circumstances, and would not be alike for all; Meg. 18ᵇ; a. fr.—Y. B. Bath. V, end, 15ᵇ לש׳ for regulating the market prices, v. שַׁעַר I. ↗ expanded

שִׁיעוּרָא Targ. Y. Ex. XXX, 13. Targ. Y. Gen. XXI, 16 כש׳ וכ׳ about the length &c.; a. e.—Sabb. 78ᵇ אידי … חד ש׳ הוא this and that (‘as a Sela’ and ‘as a dry fig’) mean the same size. Ib. 80ᵃ דש׳ דר׳ יהודה נפיש that the legal size which R. J. prescribes is the larger one; ib. 81ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁיעוּרִין, שִׁיעוּרַיָּא, שִׁיעיּרֵי, שִׁע׳. [Targ. Y. II, Lev. XXV, 37, v. שַׁעֲרָא I.]—Y. Sot. I, 16ᶜ bot. כל אילין ש׳ וכ׳ all those measures of time (mentioned above) must be counted from &c. Y. B. Bath. V, end, 15ᵇ לש׳ for regulating the market prices; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁיעֲלָא = h. שֹׁעָל, hollow of the hand. Y. Maasr. IV, 51ᵇ bot. מלא שִׁיעֲלוֹן their handful [prob. to be read: שִׁיעֲלִין pl. handfuls]. ↗ expanded

שִׁיעֲמוּם , v. שִׁעֲמוּם, שַׁעֲמָמוּתָא. ↗ expanded

שֵׂיעָר , v. שׂעָר ↗ expanded

שִׁיעֲתָא 1 = שׁוּעִיתָא, talk. Y. Taan. III, 66ᵈ top מתחמד … שִׁיעֲתָהּ because he desired to hear her talk. ↗ expanded

שִׁיעֲתָא II, v. שְׁעִיתָא ↗ expanded

שִׁיעֲתָא ² III, v. שְׁיָעָא ↗ expanded

שָׁיֵף , v. שׁוּף ↗ expanded

שִׁיף (שׁוּף II) rubbed off, abraded, bright. Y. Gitt. III, end, 45ᵇ הניחה ש׳ וכ׳ if he left it (the pin) bright, and coming back found it rusty; Y. B. Bath. VI, 15ᶜ top שׁוּפָה; v. שׁוּף III. ↗ expanded

שַׁיְפָא Ab. Zar. 52ᵇ; Bekh. 50ᵃ, v. טְרָיָינָא; Yalk. Ez. 346.—Pl. שַׁיְפֵי, שַׁיְי׳. B. Bath. 32ᵇ דהוו ש׳ וסומקי because they were abraded and red. ↗ expanded

שִׁיפָא 1 (preced.) planed board. Erub. 101ᵃ (expl. דלת אלמנה) איכא דאמרי דחד ש׳ (Ms. O. דפא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 2) some say, it means a door consisting of one planed board. ↗ expanded

שִׁיפָא 2 (preced. wds.; mistranslation of ξέστης; cmp. Syr. שפיתא Brockelm. 383) Shifa, name of a measure, Xestes. Kidd. 40ᵃ ש׳ דדינרי a Shifa full of denars. ↗ expanded

שִׁיפָא III, v. שִׁיפָה II ↗ expanded

שִׁיפָּא , v. שִׁפָּא ↗ expanded

שִׁיפָה I, v. שִׁיף.—[Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44ᵃ bot. ש׳ אחת, read: טִיפָּה.] ↗ expanded

שִׁיפָה 2 (שׁוּף II) rubbing, smoothing. Ned. 56ᵇ שִׁיפַת עור הדג rubbing with the skin of a fish. Men. VI, 5, v. בְּעִיטָה. paring, shavings used for basket work, mats &c. (cmp. Syr. שפיתא, Brockelm. 383, שיפתא P. Sm. 4102). Succ. 20ᵃ, a. e., v. חֲשִׂיפָה. Y. Dem. II, 22ᶜ bot. פול … בש׳ Egyptian beans (offered for sale) tied with shavings. Y. Ab. Zar. V, end, 45ᵇ העקל … של ש׳ a bale … made of plaited shavings. Makhsh. V, 8 הש׳ של לבנים ed. Dehr. (ed. השיפא) the shavings (or mat) used for covering bricks; a. e.—Pl. שִׁיפוֹת. Y. Sabb. IV, 6ᵈ bot. פורסין מחצלת על גבי ש׳ וכ׳ (not שייפות) you may spread a mat over the shavings which cover the bricks (on the Sabbath); Y. M. Kat. II, end, 81ᵇ שיפוף (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שִׁיפָה ² III f., v. שִׁיפוֹן ↗ expanded

שִׂיפְוָונִיֹּות , v. סִיפְוָונִיֹּות ↗ expanded

שִׁופּוּט (שפט, v. שִׁפְטָא) childishness, folly, vanity. Koh. R. to I, 13 (expl. ענין רע, ib.) זה שִׁיפּוּטוֹ של ממון this is the folly of greed for wealth (because it is never satisfied); זה שיפוטו של גזל this is the folly of robbery (because it is the foremost among the accusers of man before the throne of God); ib. זה שִׁיפּוּטָהּ של תורה וכ׳ this is the vanity of study, because one learns and forgets again.—Pl. שִׁיפּוּטִים, שִׁפּ׳ (= παιδιά) boyish things, sport, (euphem. for) sodomy. Ex. R. s. 8 (ref. to II Chr. XXIV, 24) א"ת שפטים אלא ש׳ read not sh’faṭim (punishment) but shippuṭim (sport); Tanḥ. B’shall. 25; ib. Vaëra 9. ↗ expanded

שִׁיפּוּי (שָׁפָה I) planing, shavings, chips. Meïl. III, 8 (14ᵃ) בשפוי (Talm. ed. בשפויי, Rashi בשפוי); Tosef. ib. I, 25 ed. Zuck. (Var. בשפוד, corr. acc.); Tem. 31ᵇ, v. נְבָיָיה.—Pl. שִׁיפּוּיִים, שִׁיפּוּיִין, שִׁפּ׳. Ab. Zar. 42ᵇ top והא ש׳ … ושִׁיפּוּיֶיהָ מותרין but there are the chips, when the idol itself remains, and yet it is said, if the gentile chipped an idol for its own sake (to embellish it), itself is forbidden, but the shavings from it are permitted to be used. Ib.ᵃ; a. e.—V. שְׁפָאִים. ↗ expanded

שִׁיפּוּי ² (שָׁפָה II; cmp. שָׁפַע) incline, slanting. Ḥull. 19ᵃ ש׳ כובע, v. כֹּובַע. Ib. 20ᵃ ש׳ ראשו where the back of its head begins to slant towards the neck. ↗ expanded

שִׁיפּוּיָין (v. שָׁיפּוּי I) [chips?,] name of a sort of cakes. Targ. Y. II, Ex. XVI, 31 (Y. I אֲשִׁישְׁיָין; h. text צפיחת). ↗ expanded

שִׁיפּוּל (שָׁפַל) lower part, extremity. — Pl. שִׁיפּוּלִים, שִׁיפּוּלִין, שִׁפּ׳. Lam. R. to I, 9 (expl. בשוליה, ib.) בשִׁיפּוּלֶיהָ on her skirts. Sabb. 98ᵇ לאשה … ושפוליה וכ׳ like a woman that walks in the street, and her train drags behind her. Tosef. Ohol. XIII, 9 שִׁיפּוּלֵי אוהלין the train of tents; (Ohol. VII, 2, v. שִׁיפּוּעַ); a. e.—שיפולי מעים the lower part of the abdomen. Nidd. IX, 8 contrad. to כרס. Yeb. 80ᵇ כל שאין לה ש׳ מ׳ כנשים a woman the formation of whose lower abdomen is not that usual with women. ↗ expanded

שִׁיפּוּלָא extremity, bottom, train. Targ. Cant. I, 4 בש׳ דטורא at the foot of the mountain.—Pl. שִׁיפּוּלִין, שִׁיפּוּלֵי, שִׁפּ׳. Targ. O. Ex. XIX, 17 (ed. Vien. שִׁפֹּו׳; h. text תחתית). Targ. Y. Num. V, 17 (O. יסודי; h. text קרקע). Targ. Lam. I, 9. Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 33 (O. ed. Vien. שִׁיפֹּו׳); a. fr.—Snh. 102ᵇ הוה נקיטת בש׳ גלימא וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. הות נקיטנא, read נקיט; Rashi הות נקיט ש׳ ג׳; Ar. only שיפולא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 3) thou wouldst have taken up the trail of thy cloak and run after me. the seat of a tree in the ground. B. Bath. 37ᵇ; Arakh. 14ᵇ, v. שִׁיפּוּדָא. moving downwards (sailing with the wind). B. Bath. 73ᵇ, v. שֵׁיצָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁיפוֹן rye; [oth. opin.] oats. Pes. II, 5; ib. 35ᵃ (classified with barley) expl. דִּישְׁרָא; Men. 70ᵃ sq. Ḥall. I, 1. Y. ib. 57ᵇ top (ref. to Is. XXVIII, 25) נסמן זה הש׳ nisman means shifon. Ib. middle ברם כרבנן … הש׳ מין כוסמין וכ׳ but in the opinion of the Rabbis there are only three kinds of grain, shifon is a species of spelt &c. Kil. I, 1 הכוסמין והש׳ … אינן וכ׳ spelt and shifon are not heterogeneous (may be sown together). Kel. IX, 8 (Var. in Hai Gaon שִׁיפָה, v. Maim. a. l.; Var. שיפין, חשיפה through mistaking שיפה), v. מִיצָה.—[Greek σιφώνιον a kind of oats.] ↗ expanded

שִׂיפְוָנִיֹּות , v. סִיפְוָונִיֹּות ↗ expanded

שִׁיפּוּעַ (שָׁפַע) slanting, slope, skirt. Gen. R. s. 69 (ref. to Gen. XXVIII, 12) הסולם הזה … ושִׁיפּוּעוֹ וכ׳ that ladder stood on the Temple site, and its slant reached &c.; Yalk. ib. 120. Y. B. Bath. VII, end, 15ᵈ היה עשוי … או ממקום שיפועו מודד if a field has the shape of a chair, is the measuring to begin where the vertical wall begins, or where the slope begins? Ohol. VII, 2 כלים שתחת הש׳ vessels which lie under the slope (of a tent, v. שִׁיפּוּל). Erub. 102ᵃ sq.; Sabb. 138ᵇ שאין בשִׁיפּוּעָהּ טפח when the slanting portion of a tent cover is not so large as a handbreadth, opp. to גג the horizontal part; a. e.—Pl. שִׁיפּוּעִין, שִׁפּ׳. Ib.; Ohol. l. c. שִׁיפּוּעֵי אהלים the slanting and flat portions of tent covers; a. e.—2) overflow, over-measure.— Pl. as ab. Tosef. B. Bath. V, 4 המוכר … כל הש׳ וכ׳ if one sells wine by the vessel, all the overflow belongs to the seller. ↗ expanded

שִׁיפּוּעָא , slant, slope. Targ. Y. I Ex. XXVI, 12 שיפוע, constr. (Y. II שיפועה, corr. acc.; h. text סרח). Targ. Y. Deut. IV, 49 Ar. (ed. משפך; h. text אשדת). ↗ expanded

שיפוף , Y. M. Kat. II, end, 81ᵇ, v. שִׁיפָה II ↗ expanded

שִׁיפּוּצָא (שְׁפַץ) repairing. Keth. 103ᵃ ש׳ מאי Ar. (Var. שִׁיפּוּצַיָּא or שִׁיפּוּצְיָא; ed. שיפצה) has a widow the right to repair her husband’s dwelling (and remain in it)? ↗ expanded

שִׁיפוֹרָא = שׁוֹפָרָא horn, trumpet, announcement. Nidd. 38ᵃ ש׳ דירחא Ar. (ed. only ש׳) the shofar announcing the New Moon. Succ. 34ᵃ; Sabb. 36ᵃ Ms. M. (ed. שופרא), v. חֲצוֹצַרְתָּא. M. Kat. 27ᵇ שמע קל ש׳ דשכבא he heard the trumpet announcing a death in town; a. e.—Pl. שִׁיפוֹרֵי. Ab. Zar. 40ᵃ נפקי ש׳ דרבא וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. נפק) the announcements of Raba went forth to prohibit it, and those of R. H. permitting it; ib. 57ᵇ; M. Kat. 17ᵇ קרי ביה אלפא ש׳ וכ׳ sound into it (the pitcher) one thousand blasts (proclaiming the ban). Ib. מאי שיפׄורׄי שנפׄרׄעין וכ׳ what does the blowing signify? That he will be punished. Shebu. 36ᵃ בארבע מאה ש׳ שמתיה וכ׳ Barak declared the ban over Meroz with four hundred blasts of the trumpet; M. Kat. 16ᵃ; a. e. (v. שׁוֹפָר) charity box. Gitt. 60ᵇ ההוא ש׳ דהוה the charity box which was first kept in the house of R. J., and was transferred to &c.; [otb. opin. the shofar for public announcements]. ↗ expanded

שִׁיפְיוּת (שָׁפָה III) quiet, peace; compromise. Y. Yeb. IV, 5ᵈ top עושין ש׳ ביניהן וכ׳ we make a compromise between them, and divide the dead man’s estate (between the yabam and the son whose paternity is in doubt). Ib. נמצאת אומר ש׳ באחין וכ׳ (not לאחיו) consequently, peace between brothers (a compromise between the yabam and the son who maybe is his deceased brother’s son) is a loss to the brothers (the succeeding sons, who will inherit only one half of the estate), opp. תחרות. ↗ expanded

שִׁיפְלוּת , v. sub שִׁפְל׳. ↗ expanded

שִׂיפְמ־ , v. שְׂפָמָא ↗ expanded

שִׁיפְעָא , v. שִׁפְעָא ↗ expanded

שִׁיפְרְגָז Shifrʾgaz, legendary name of King Ahasver’s horse. Targ. II Esth. VI, 10. ↗ expanded

שִׁיץ (v. שֵׁיצֵי) to go forth. Pa. שַׁיֵּיץ to finish. Gen. R. s. 78; Yalk. ib. 133 שַׁיְּיצַת, v. סוּב. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיץ (v. preced.; cmp. נוֹצָה) prickly branch of the date palm. — Pl. שֵׁיצִים, שֵׁיצִין, שֵׁצִ׳. Tosef. Shebi. VII, 16; Pes. 53ᵃ על של בין הש׳ as long as there are dates on the single branches, opp. כפים, v. כִּיפָּה. late (stony) date on the palm-tree.—Pl. as ab. Y. Sabb. I, 4ᵃ bot. ש׳ שבכפים the stony dates on the top branches; Y. Bets. III, 62ᵃ (not שבכפיס). ↗ expanded

שֵׁיצָא prickly twig; stony date. — Pl. שֵׁיצֵי. M. Kat. 25ᵇ bot. טעון דיקלי ש׳ the palms bore stony dates (Rashi: thorns). fin of a whale &c. B. Bath. 73ᵇ וסגאי … בין ש׳ לש׳ וכ׳ and the ship went between one fin of the fish and the other for three days, itself swimming upwards (against the wind), and we floating downwards.—Pl. as ab. Ib. ההיא גילדנא … תרי ש׳ Ms. R. a. ed. L (ed. שַׁיְיצֵי) that was a sea gildana (v. גִּלְדָּנָא), which has two fins (on each side). ↗ expanded

שֵׁיצָאָה (v. next w.) finishing, destruction. Targ. Is. X, 23; XXVIII, 22. Ib. XL, 17 (h. text תהו). Targ. Ez. XIII, 13. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיצֵי (Shaf. of יצא; v. Del. Proleg., p. 140) [to go forth, v. שֵׁיץ; to cause to go out,] to be ended (cmp. כָּלָה); to cease, to perish. Targ. Ruth II, 23. Targ. Ps. XXXIX, 11; a. fr. to finish, complete, end. Targ. O. Gen. II, 2. Ib. XVII, 22; a. fr. to make an end of, destroy. Targ. Lam. II, 2; 5. Targ. Gen. XVIII, 23, sq.; a. fr. Ishtaf. אִשְׁתֵּיצֵי, אִשְׁתֵּצֵי to be finished. Targ. II Chr. VIII, 16. to be made an end of, be consumed. Targ. Ps. LXXIII, 26 Ms. (ed. אִשְׁתֵּיצָא). Targ. Gen. XXXIV, 30; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיצְיָא (preced.) end, destruction. Targ. Prov. X, 14; 29; ib. XVIII, 7 (h. text מחתה); a. e. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיצְיוּ same, completion, perfection. Targ. Ps. CXXXIX, 22 שיציו Ms. (ed. Lag. שֵׁיצִיאוּת; ed. Wil. שֵׁיצִיאֵית, corr. acc.; h. text תכלית). end, consumption. Targ. II Kings XIII, 19; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיצָיוּ 2 (preced.) pr. n. pl. Shetsayu (Destruction). Targ. Y. II, Deut. I, 44; Targ. Y. Num. XIV, 45 (ed. Vien. שֵׁיצִיוּ; h. text חרמה). ↗ expanded

שִׁיצִינָא (v. שֵׁיץ) branch, twig. B. Mets. 99ᵇ שי׳ דתמרי Ar. (ed. Koh. שו׳; ed. חביצא) a palm twig with dates on. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיצָנִיתָא (preced.) weed. Pes. 35ᵃ (Ms. M. 2 שׁוּצָ׳; Ms. O. שֵׁצָ׳), v. קַרְמִית. ↗ expanded

שִׁיקּוּדִין , v. שִׁיקּוּר II ↗ expanded

שִׁיקּוּיָיא (שְׁקֵי) = h. שִׁקּוּי, drink, potion. — Pl. שִׁיקּוּיִין. Y. Sabb. IX, 12ᵃ bot. כל ש׳ דאתון וכ׳ all potions that you are in the habit of preparing on week days (for women in confinement), prepare also on the Sabbath; Gen. R. s. 80 שקועין (Matt. K. quotes fr. Y. l. c. שִׁילּוּקִין); Yalk. ib. 135 שיקועי׳ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שִׁיקּוּל (שָׁקַל) weighing; ש׳ הדעת weighing of opinions, decision between opposing views. Snh. 6ᵃ, a. fr., v. דַּעַת. ↗ expanded

שִׁיקּוּעַ (שָׁקַע) sinking, covering up. Zeb. 21ᵇ איכא בינייהו מצות ש׳ they differ as to the time when the laver is to be let down into the well. Ib. top איכא בינייהו גזירת ש׳ they differ as to whether or not you must consider the possibility of a mistake in letting the laver down &c. Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. III, 14 על ש׳ העמוד on the column of vessels that are covered with clay; Tosef. Par. V (IV), 2 שיקעו ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. שיקועו, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שִׁיקּוּעָא Targ. Y. I Num. IV, 20.—[שיקועין, שקועין Gen. R. s. 80; Yalk. ib. 135, v. שִׁיקּוּיָיא.] ↗ expanded

שִׁיקּוּץ abomination, idol. — Pl. שִיקּוּצִים, שִׁקּ׳. Sifra K’dosh. Par. 1 ש׳ על שם וכ׳ the idols are called shiḳḳutsim, because they are abominable; Mekh. Mishp. s. 20; Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXXIV. ↗ expanded

שִׁיקּוּץ ² Targ. I Kings XI, 5. Targ. II Kings XXIII, 13 (ed. Wil. שִׁקֻּץ). Targ. Jer. IV, 1 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. שִׁקְצָךְ); a. e.—Pl. שִׁיקּוּצַיָּא, שִׁיקּוּצִין, שִׁקּ׳. Targ. Ez. V, 11. Ib. XX, 7, sq.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁיקּוּר (שָׁקַר) false dealing, malappropriation. Sifré Num. 7, a. e., v. מְעִילָה; [Sifra Vayikra, Ḥob. ch. XIX, Par. 11; Meïl. 18ᵃ שִׁינּוּי change of employment]. ↗ expanded

שִׁיקּוּר 2 name of an earthen vessel (prob. a tumbler that cannot stand, v. Sabb. 104ᵃ quot. s. v. שִׁקְרָא).—Pl. שִׁקּוּרִין. Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. II, 9 ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. שקורי; R. S. to Kel. III, 2 שִׁקּוּדִין). ↗ expanded

שִׁיקְטָנָא , v. שְׁקִיטְנָא ↗ expanded

שִׁיקְיָא , v. שַׁקְיָא, שַׁקְיָינָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁיקְמָא , v. sub שִׁקְ׳. ↗ expanded

שִׁיקְפָא , v. שְׁקוֹפָא, a. שַׁקְפָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁיקְצָא , v. sub שִׁק׳. ↗ expanded

שְׁיָר , v. שְׁיָיר ↗ expanded

שִׁיר 1 denom. of next w.) to sing. Ber. 14ᵇ ושַׁרְנוּ לך and we sang (praises) unto thee. Snh. 91ᵇ (ref. to Ex. XV, 1) שָׁר לא נאמר אלא יָשִׁיר it does not read, ‘he sang’; but, ‘he shall sing’; Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 1; a. e. Polel. שור ) שׁוֹרֵר same. Num. R. s. 3 (play on בׄכׄושׄרׄות, Ps. LXVIII, 7) אותן שהיו בׄוכׄין … מְ֗שׄוׄרְ֗רִין עכשיו those who formerly wept …, were now singing. Ib. ועבד מְשׁוֹרֵר וכ׳ and the slave sings, because he is relieved &c. B. Bath. 120ᵃ מְשׁוֹרְרִים לפניה went singing (bridal songs) before her; a. fr.—[Midr. Till. to Ps. CXVI באין ושוררין, read: ושׁוֹרִין, v. שָׁרָה II.]—מְשׁוֹרֵר singer, esp. Temple singer (Levite). Arakh. 11ᵇ מ׳ ששיער ומשוער ששורר if one designated as a singer acts as gate-guard, or a gate-guard acts as singer; a. fr.—Pl. מְשׁוֹרְרִים, מְשׁוֹרְרִין. Ib. שאתה מן המ׳ וכ׳ for thou belongest to the singers, and not to the gate-guards; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁיר 2 [chain, string; cmp. חָרַז,] verse, song, poetry, music. Tam. V, 6 שאחיו … לדבר בש׳ that his brother Levites were assembling to sing in chorus. Ib. VII, 4 הש׳ שהיו הלוים וכ׳ these are the psalms that the Levites recited severally on each day; a. fr.—R. Hash. 28ᵃ התוקע לש׳ he who blows the Shofar (on the New Year’s Day) as a musical exercise (Ms. M. לשֵׁד to drive off a demon); ib. 33ᵇ (Ms. M. לשֵׁיד).—כלי ש׳ musical instruments (used in the Temple during the offering of sacrifices). Taan. IV (III), 3; a. e.—Pl. שִׁירִים, שִׁירִין. Cant. R. to I, 1 דוד אמר ש׳ ושלמה אמר ש׳ David composed songs, and so did Solomon. Ib. end (expl. שיר השירים) המעולה שבש׳; המסולסל שבש׳, v. סִלְסֵל. Ib. נאמר ש׳ ונשבח למי שעשאנו ש׳ בעולם let us recite songs and praise to him who has made us to be songs (proclaimers of God’s praise) in the world; נאמר ש׳ … שיורים לעולם let us recite songs to him who made us remnants (has preserved us) for the world; a. fr.—שיר הש׳ the Book of Song of Songs (Canticum). Ib.; B. Bath. 14ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיר שֵׁרוֹת pl.; preced.) chain, necklace, bracelet, ring. Sabb. V, 1 סוס בש׳ the horse may be let out (on the Sabbath) with his chain (or ring); וכל בעלי הש׳ וכ׳ and all chain-wearing animals &c.; Tosef. ib. IV (V), 4. B. Mets. 25ᵃ כש׳ if the coins found lie arranged like a ring (or necklace). Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵇ top ובלבד … לא בש׳ וכ׳ save that he does not put it (the amulet) in a necklace or a signet ring; a. e.—Pl. שֵׁירִין. Gen. R. s. 98 וחיו משליכות עליו ש׳ וכ׳ (not שיריין) and they (the Egyptian women) threw at him (Joseph) chains and necklaces &c. ↗ expanded

שֵׁיר ² Targ. Ps. CV, 18 (fem.). Targ. Job XXX, 11 שֵׁירִי Ms. (h. text יתרי; Ms. Var. שושילתי, נימי, אטוני; ed. שושלתי ונימי אטוני, embodying all the Variants). Ib. XL, 26 Ms. Var. (ed. סלוא). Targ. Esth. VIII, 15; a. e.—Lam. R. to II, 12 סב לך חד ש׳ וכ׳ take a bracelet or a ring, and go to market &c.—Pl. שֵׁירִין, שֵׁירַיָּא, שֵׁירֵי. Targ. Ez. XXIX, 4 (ed. Wil. שִׁי׳; h. text חחים). Targ. Is. XXXVII, 29 (ed. Wil. שִׁי׳; Ar. שֵׁירִי; h. text חחי). Targ. Ps. CVII, 10 (ed. Wil. שׁרֵי). Targ. O. Num. XXXI, 50 שֵׁירִין ed. Berl. (ed. Amst. שְׁרִין, read: שֵׁ׳); Y. שִׁירַיָּא (ed. Vien. שִׁי׳; h. text אצעדה); a. fr.—[Targ. Y. I Ex. XXVIII, 32 שִׁירַיָּא, v. שִׁירָיָא.]—Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵇ bot. (expl. צמיד, Num. l. c.) שיריא (bracelets). ↗ expanded

שִׁיר = h. שִׁיר. Targ. Cant. I, 1. Targ. Ps. LXVI, 1; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁירִין, שִׁירַיָּא. Targ. Cant. l. c. Targ. Ps. CXXXVII, 3; a. e.—[שִׁירָא f., v. שִׁירְתָא.] ↗ expanded

*שִׁירָא 2 Shira. Sabb. 66ᵃ, v. שׁיָּיא. ↗ expanded

שִׁירָא (cmp. sericum) [of Seres, Chinese,] silk. Targ. II Esth. V, 1; VI, 10, v. פְּרַנְגַּן.—Keth. 63ᵇ הוה תפיסא חד שירא (Rashi חדא ש׳) she seized a silk garment (Rashi: a cloak).—Pl. שִׁירָאִין, שִׁירָיִין, שִׁירָאֵי. Targ. Ez. XXVII, 19 בשיריין ed. Lag. (oth. ed. בשִׁירִין, corr. acc.).—Sabb. 90ᵃ תכך דש׳ the worm (tʿkhakh) in silk garments. Kidd. 32ᵃ קרע ש׳ וכ׳ tore silk garments in the presence of his son Rabbah (to test his filial respect). Snh. 67ᵇ, v. כְּרִיכָא III. Ber. 56ᵃ, v. תִּכְלָא II. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵇ bot. (expl. שֵׁרוֹת, Is. III, 19) שיראין silk cloaks (?). ↗ expanded

שִׁירָא ² Sot. 48ᵇ; Sabb. 20ᵇ, v. פְּרַנְדָּא.—Pl. שִׁירָאִים, שִׁירָאִין, שִׁירָיִים. Ib.; Men. 39ᵇ (contrad. to סיריקון, a. to כלך); Sifra Thazr., Par. 5, ch. XIII. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. V, 11 השירין (Var. השירשין, corr. acc., R. S. to Kel. XXVIII, 8 שיריים). ↗ expanded

שִׁירָה 2 v. שִׁיר II) song, hymn, poetry, music. Arakh. 11ᵃ עיקר ש׳ בפה וכלי וכ׳ the essential in the Temple music is (the song) with the mouth, and the musical instruments are for accompaniment (v. בְּסַם); (anoth. opin.) עיקר ש׳ בכלי instrumental music is the essential &c.; Succ. 50ᵇ; a. e.—Y. Meg. III, 74ᵇ bot. שִׁירַת הבאר the song of the well (Num. XXI, 17 sq.); ש׳ הים the song of the sea (Ex. XV, 1—18); ש׳ הלוים the song of the Levites (for the additional sacrifice of the Sabbath, Deut. XXXII, 1–43); Treat. Sof’rim ch. XII. R. Hash. 30ᵇ ש׳ של חול the song (of the Levites) for a week-day. Ib. 31ᵃ top דש׳ דיומיה הוה because it would at all events have been the song for that day (the fifth day of the week for which the same psalm is designated as for the New Year’s Day, Ps. LXXXI); a. v. fr.—Pl. שִׁירוֹת. Y. Meg. l. c. כל הש׳ טעונות וכ׳ all poetic passages of the Pentateuch (when read at public service) require special benedictions before and after. Ex. R. s. 23 כל הש׳ … לשון נקיבה וכ׳ all the songs that have heretofore been composed (mentioned in the Scriptures) are of the feminine gender (שִׁירָה) … but the song of the future … will be of the masculine gender (שִׁיר, ref. to Is. XLII, 10); Cant. R. to I, 5; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁירוּ , v. שֵׁירוּתָא II, III. ↗ expanded

שֵׁירָוָון , v. שֵׁירוּתָא III ↗ expanded

שֵׁירוּי (שְׁרֵי) beginning; the firstling. Targ. Y. Ex. XXX, 23 בש׳ (h. text ראש). Targ. Prov. IX, 10. Targ. Y. Gen. XLIX, 3; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 98 (ref. to Gen. l. c.) ש׳ חילי וש׳ צערי the beginning of my strength, and the beginning of my trouble.—Pl. שֵׁירוּיִין, שׁירוּיָיתָא שֵׁר׳ (fem.). Targ. Y. I Num. XVIII, 12 שֵׁירוּיֵיהוֹן; II שֵׁירוּיַיתְהוֹן (ed. Vien. שִׁי׳). ↗ expanded

שִׁירְוָן , v. שֵׁירוּתָא III ↗ expanded

שֵׂירוּף (שָׂרַף I) burning, burn. Cant. R. to VII, 9; Tanḥ. Tsav 2; Yalk. Sam. 161, v. אִימּוּס. ↗ expanded

שֵׁירוּת (שָׁרַת) service, esp. Temple service, function. Arakh. 11ᵃ (ref. to Deut. XVIII, 7) איזהו ש׳ שבשם וכ׳ what service is there that is connected with the Name? It is song (attending the sacrifices). Ib. (ref. to Deut. X, 8 לשרתו ולברך) מכלל … לאו ש׳ היא this implies that the priestly benediction is not called a service. Sot. 38ᵃ (ref. to Deut. l. c.) איתקש ברכה לש׳ the priestly benediction is made analogous to service (both must be performed standing). Zeb. 24ᵃ; Yoma 58ᵃ the question is, דרך ש׳ בכך וכ׳ may or may not a Temple function be performed in that manner? Y. Erub. V, beg. 22ᵇ כל ש׳ ששרת וכ׳ every ministration which he performed before Eli was considered as a ministration before God. Yoma l. c. שני כלים בש׳ אחד Ms. Ms. 2 (ed. וש׳ אחת) there may be two vessels for one function. Men. 109ᵃ שחיטה לאו ש׳ וכ׳ slaughtering (a sacrifice) is no priestly function; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁירוּתָא —מלאכי ש׳ ministering angels (v. שָׁרֵת). Targ. Y. Gen. XVIII, 20; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁירוּתָא ² (שְׁרֵי) beginning. Targ. Jer. II, 3. Targ. Job VIII, 7; v. שֵׁירוּי. ↗ expanded

שֵׁירוּתָא ³ (שְׁרֵי) [rest, encampment,] meal, refreshment (cmp. סְעוּדָה); ration, sustenance. Targ. Y. Gen. XXIX, 22 (not שירוי). Ib. XVIII, 5. Targ. Job XL, 30. Targ. Gen. XLIII, 16 (dinner time; h. text צהרים). Targ. II Kings XXV, 30; a. fr.—Ber. 39ᵇ הוה בצע אכולא ש׳ used to break bread enough for the entire meal. Taan. 11ᵇ האי בר בי רב … ליכול כלבא לשֵׁירוּתֵיה if a student fasts, let a dog eat his meal. Pes. 113ᵃ (prov.) סלקת לאיגרא שֵׁירוּתָךְ בהדך if thou goest up to the roof (on a journey ever so short), take thy provisions with thee; a. e.—Pl. שֵׁירָוָון. Targ. Hos. IV, 8 (ed. Wil. שִׁירְוָן). ↗ expanded

שִׁירְטוּט (שִׁרְטֵט) ruling, marking lines. Men. 32ᵇ צריכות ש׳ must be written on traced lines; Meg. 18ᵇ. Gitt. 6ᵇ בלא ש׳ without rules. Sabb. 75ᵇ (ref. to המולח והמעבד, ib. VII, 2) אפיק … ועייל ש׳ take out either of the two words, and insert (among the forbidden acts) the tracing of outlines on the hide before cutting. ↗ expanded

שֵׂירָטוֹן , v. שֵׂרָטוֹן ↗ expanded

שִׁירָיָא = h. שִׁרְיָה, coat of mail. Targ. Y. Ex. XXXIX, 23; ib. XXVIII, 32 (not שִׁירַיָּא); v. שִׁרְייָנָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁירְיוֹן , v. sub שִׁרְ׳. ↗ expanded

שִׁירְיָיה , Tosef. Maas. Sh. II, 1 שִׁירְיָיתָהּ, v. שְׁרִיָּיה ↗ expanded

שִׁירַיִים , v. שְׁיָיר ↗ expanded

שִׁירְיָין , v. sub שִׁרְ׳. ↗ expanded

שִׁירַיִם , v. שְׁיָיר ↗ expanded

שִׁירְיָן , v. sub שִׁרְ׳. ↗ expanded

שִׁירַן Shiran. Targ. Y. Num. XXXII, 38 (h. text שבמה); Targ. Y. I ib. 3 (h. text שבם). ↗ expanded

שִׁירְנוּקָא , v. שִׁינּוּקָא ↗ expanded

שִׂירְפּ־ , v. שְׂרָף ↗ expanded

שִׂירְפָּה , v. שְׂרִיפָה ↗ expanded

שִׁירְקָא c. (שְׁרַק II) viscous substance, glair. Pes. 68ᵃ (expl. מיחוי קרביו, ib. VI, 1) ש׳ דמעיא דנפיק וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. דנפקא) (the removal of) the viscous substance of the entrails, which comes out through the pressure of the knife; M. Kat. 22ᵃ (expl. ליחה, ib.). Sabb. 109ᵃ ש׳ טויא Ar. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 200) the glairy substance issuing from a melon wrapped in dough and roasted (ed. שְׁרִיקָא, v. טַוְיָא). ↗ expanded

שירקיריס , Midr. Till. to Ps. VIII ed. Bub., v. סִילִיקְרָאוּת ↗ expanded

שִׁירְשׁוּרָא , v. שִׁישׁוּרָא ↗ expanded

שִׁירְתָא = h. שִׁירָה. Targ. Ps. XXX, 1. Targ. Cant. I, 1 (ed. Vien. שִׁירָ׳); a. e.—Pl. שִׁירָתָא Ib. ↗ expanded

שִׂישׂ , v. שׂוּשׂ ↗ expanded

שַׁיִשׁ (b. h.; = שושו, [smooth,] yellow marble or alabaster. Ḥag. 14ᵇ (in a mystic passage) כשאתם מגיעין אצל אבני ש׳ טהור וכ׳ when you arrive at the stones of pure marble, say not, water, water. Ex. R. s. 10; Midr. Till. to Ps. CV, a. e., v. פְּסִיפָּס. Num. R. s. 16 (play on ששי, Num. XIII, 22) שהיה בריא כש׳ he was as sound as a marble block; Tanḥ. Sh’laḥ 7. Midd. III, 3. Tosef. Ter. X, 10; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁיִשׁ ² Targ. II Esth. I, 2.—Succ. 51ᵇ; B. Bath. 4ᵃ, v. מַרְמָרָא; Yalk. Deut. 913. ↗ expanded

שִׁישָׁא 1 (v. P. Sm. 4144, Brockelm. 374ᵃ) alabaster or glass jug (?), v. אֲשִׁישָׁא. ↗ expanded

שִׁישָׁא ) pr. n. m. Shisha, (Sisa), an Amora. Ber. 24ᵃ Ms. M. (ed. ששת). Ḥull. 44ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׂישָׂה (שׂוּשׂ) joy, use of the root שׂוּשׂ. Cant. R. to I, 9 כל מקום שנאמר ש׳ כתיב בשי"ן וכ׳ wherever rejoicing is meant the word is written with Sin, but here (in לססתי, Cant. l. c.) it is with Samekh. Pesik. Ronni, p. 141ᵇ; Cant. R. to I, 4 (one of the ten expressions for joy; Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXXIV שָׂשׂוֹן). ↗ expanded

שִׁישׁוּרָא (שְׁרַר) rope. Pes. 82ᵃ דקא גדיל שיש׳ (Ms. M. שירש׳) if he (the unclean priest) is a ropemaker (who cannot be suspected of neglecting the Temple service from mercenary motives). B. Kam. 96ᵃ חופיא ועבדיה שר׳ (Ms. M. ועבדינהו שיש׳) if one stole palm leaves made into a broom, and made them into a rope. ↗ expanded

שִׁישִּׁי , v. שִׁשִּׁי ↗ expanded

שֵׁישַׁךְ , v. שֵׁשַׁךְ ↗ expanded

שִׁישֶׁלְתָּא , v. שַׁלְשֶׁלְתָּא ↗ expanded

שִׁישְׁנָא Shishna. Y. Sabb. XIX, 16ᵈ bot. רב ש׳ quot. in Alf. (ed. שׁשעה). Gitt. 62ᵃ; Men. 90ᵃ רב דימי בר ש׳. ↗ expanded

שִׁית 1 to place, set, make. Hif. הֵשִׁית same. Snh. 27ᵃ (ref. to Ex. XXIII, 1) אל תָּשֶׁת רשע עד make not a wicked man a witness (disqualify him); אל תשת חמס עד allow not violence (robbers) to testify; Mekh. Mishp., s. 20; Yalk. Ex. 352.—[Yalk. Ps. 620 השיתיו, v. שָׁתָה II.] ↗ expanded

שִׁית 2 (שָׁתַת II) foundation; (cmp. יְסוֹד) bottom, esp. Shith, a pit by the side of the altar into which the remainder of libations was poured. Midd. III, 3 שבו יורדין לש׳ וכ׳ by which men went down the Sh. to cleanse it. Tosef. Succ. III, 15 יורדין לש׳ וכ׳ the wine goes down into the pit and is swallowed up there. Ib. (ref. to וגם יקב, Is. V, 2) זה הש׳ this refers to the Sh.; Y. ib. IV, 54ᵈ top; Bab. ib. 49ᵃ השִׁיתִּין (pl.).—Pl. שִׁיתִּין. Ib. ש׳ מששת ימי וכ׳ the Shittin have existed from the six days of creation (are a natural cavity). Ib. 53ᵃ בשעה שכרה דוד ש׳ when David began to dig the pits (for the Temple); Macc. 11ᵃ; Yalk. Ps. 878 שִׁתִּין. Meïl. III, 3 (11ᵃ) (ירדו) יצאו לש׳ וכ׳ so soon as the wine is let down into the pits &c. Yalk. Ps. 653, v. פָּגַר. ↗ expanded

שִׁית 3 wild fig.—Pl. שִׁיתִין (or שִׁיתִּין). Dem. I, 1; Tosef. ib. I, 1; Erub. 18ᵃ; Ber. 40ᵇ (expl. מין תאנים). ↗ expanded

שִׁית = h. שֵׁשׁ, six. Targ. Gen. VII, 6 (O. ed. Berl. שֵׁית; ed. Vien. שִׁתְּ). Ib. XXX, 20 (O. ed. Berl. שיתה); a. v. fr.—Pes. 94ᵃ ש׳ אלפי וכ׳ the world (distance from sunrise to sunset) is six thousand parasangs. Snh. 97ᵃ ש׳ אלפי שני הוי וכ׳ the world will exist six thousand years; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁיתִּין, שִׁתִּ׳ sixty. Targ. Gen. XXV, 26; a. fr.—B. Kam. 92ᵇ ש׳ תכלי, v. כַּכָּא. Ib. ש׳ רהוטי, v. צַפְרָא. Ab. Zar. 69ᵃ בש׳ requires sixty portions to be neutralized; a. e.—שִׁיתַּת עֲשַׂר, שֵׁיתֵיסַר, שֵׁיתְסַר, שֵׁיתְסְרֵי, שִׁיתְ׳ sixteen; sixteenth. Targ. Ex. XXVI, 25. Targ. Y. Deut. XXXIV, 8 (ed. Vien. שֵׁתֵיסַר); a. fr.—שֵׁיתְסְרָאָה m. the sixteenth. Targ. I Chr. XXIV, 14 (ed. Lag. שִׁיסְרָאָה). ↗ expanded

שֵׂיתָא = h. שֶׂה, ewe. Targ. O. Lev. XXII, 28 (ed. Berl. סִיתָא). Ib. V, 7 ed. Lisb. (Ms. ס׳; ed. אִימְרָא). ↗ expanded

שִׁיתָאָה (שְׁתֵי II) weaver. — Pl. שִׁיתָאֵי, שִׁיתָיֵיא. Y. Sabb. XIII, 14ᵃ bot.; Y. Bets. III, 62ᵃ top, v. מְצָדָא I. ↗ expanded

שִׁיתְאָסָא (comp. of שִׁית a. אסא, P. Sm. 291; v. אֲסִי) foundation. Targ. Ps. CXXXVII, 7 (ed. Wil. שִׁתְּאֲסָא). Targ. Job XXXVIII, 38 (ed. Wil. שִׁתְאָסָה; h. text מוצק); a. e.—Pl. שִׁיתְאָסִין, שִׁיתְאֲסַיָּיא, שִׁתְ׳ (also used as sing.) Ib. IV, 19. Ib. XXII, 16 Ms. (differ. in ed.). Targ. Prov. X, 25 (ed. Wil. שִׁתְאֲסָיָא, oth. ed. סַיָן …, corr. acc.). Targ. Ps. XVIII, 16. Ib. XXIV, 2 שוי שִׁתְסָהָא (ed. Lag. שויתיתאה, corr. acc.). Targ. Prov. III, 9 [read:] שוי שיתאסיא דארעא (v. Pesh.). ↗ expanded

שִׁיתּוּמָא (שְׁתַם) opening, boring a hole. Ab. Zar. 69ᵇ דלא חייש לש׳ who does not apprehend that the gentile may make a hole in the stopper (to draw out wine, and close it again). Y. ib. V, 44ᵈ top שִׁיתּוּמְהוֹן, v. מֵגֵף. ↗ expanded

שִׁיתּוּף (שָׁתַף) partnership, esp. (Sabbath law) shittuf, the formation of a fictitious partnership in an alley by depositing in it some article of food in which the inmates concerned have a share, which has the effect of allowing them to move things within the area enclosed by the alley. Erub. 71ᵇ בסומכין על ש׳ וכ׳ they differ as to whether shittuf can be relied upon to take the place of an ʿerub (עֵירוּב). Y. Sabb. XIX, beg. 16ᵈ קורה בלא ש׳ וכ׳ the placing of a beam over an alley without shittuf has the effect of allowing the carrying of objects on the Sabbath. Y. Erub. V, 23ᵈ bot.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁיתְיָא , v. שִׁתְיָא ↗ expanded

שִׁיתְלָא , v. שְׁתִילָא ↗ expanded

שיתנהון , Pesik. R. s. 22, read: שַׁרְתַּנְהוֹן, v. שְׁרֵי ↗ expanded

שֵׁיתְסַר , v. שִׁית IV ↗ expanded

שָׂךְ (cmp. סוֹךְ) thicket, wild growth. Lam. R. to I, 17 לשעבר … ועכשיו בשך formerly I went to Jerusalem on well-kept roads, but now I go through wild growth (thorns), as it is said (Hos. II, 8), I will hedge up (שָׂךְ) thy road with thorns. ↗ expanded

שָׁכַב (b. h.) to incline; to lie down, lie, sleep. Bekh. VII, 2, a. e. גביניו שׁוֹכְבִין, v. גְּבִין II. Gen. R. s. 96 (ref. to Gen. XLVII, 28 sq.) אתה שׁוֹכֵב ואין אתה מת thou shalt lie (in the grave) but not be dead (forever). Ber. I, 3 (ref. to Deut. VI, 9) בשעה … שׁוֹכְבִים וכ׳ (you must read the Sh’mʿa) at the time of the day when people lie down, and when people get up. Ib. 62ᵇ על כל משכב שְׁכַב וכ׳ lie on any couch, only not on the bare ground; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁכוּב. Mekh. B’shall., Vayassʿa, s. 3 תפלתם … שהיו שְׁכוּבִים בעפר the prayer of our fathers who were asleep in the ground; Yalk. Ex. 260 שוכבין. Hif. הִשְׁכִּיב to cause to lie down. Ber. 60ᵇ (in a night prayer) שתַּשְׁכִּיבֵנִי לשלום וכ׳ that thou make me to lie down for peace and to rise for peace &c. Ber. 4ᵇ הַשְׁכִּיבֵנוּ (cause us to lie down,) hashkibenu, a section of the evening prayers, inserted between G’ullah and T’fillah (v. גְּאוּלָּה). Ib. 9ᵇ; a. fr. to let lie with, to allow sodomy. Ker. 3ᵃ (ref. to Lev. XVIII, 22) קרי ביה לא תַשְׁכִּיב read it as lo thashkib, do not allow &c.; Snh. 54ᵇ לא תַשְׁכֵּב (or תִשָּׁכֵב Nif.); a. e. Nif. נִשְׁכַּב to be lain with, esp. to be the subject of sodomy. Ib. אזהרה לנִשְׁכָּב מנין whence do we derive the warning (אַזְהָרָה) for the person that allows sodomy? Ib. [read:] לר׳ ישמעאל אזהרה לנ׳ לבהמה וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 200, a. Yalk. Lev. 599) according to R. Yishmael’s interpretation, whence do we derive the warning for the person that is made the subject of coupling with a beast? Ib. לא תִשָּׁכֵב, v. supra; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁכֵב , to lie down; to die; to lie with. Targ. O. Deut. XXIV, 12, sq. Targ. Gen. XXVI, 10. Targ. O. Lev. XV, 24. Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 30; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁכִיב. Targ. Ezek. IV, 9; a. fr.—V. שָׁכִיב.—Yeb. 46ᵃ איכו שְׁכִיבִי לא וכ׳ I might have died without telling you this thing; B. Mets. 73ᵇ השתא איכו שְׁכִיבְנָא (not שכיבא); Ab. Zar. 55ᵃ (corr. acc.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10). Yeb. 24ᵇ, a. e. כי ניים ושָׁכִיב, v. נוּם ch. B. Mets. 85ᵃ לא ש׳ אינש וכ׳ no one died before his time. B. Kam. 91ᵇ; B. Bath. 26ᵃ לא ש׳ וכ׳ my son Shikhḥat died (early) for no other sin than that he cut down a fig tree before its time; a. fr. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּכַּב to be lain with, be ravished. Targ. Zech. XIV, 2. Targ. Is. XIII, 16. ↗ expanded

שֶׁכֶב (preced.) the lower millstone, opp. רֶכֶב. B. Bath. II, 1, v. רֶכֶב; Tosef. ib. I, 3. ↗ expanded

שִׁכְבָּא (שְׁכֵב) asleep; dead body, corpse. M. Kat. 27ᵇ שיפורא דש׳, v. שִׁיפוֹרָא. Ib. לא ש׳ איכא במתא is there not a dead (to be buried) in town (and they pursue their labors)? B. Bath. 91ᵃ, v. מָנוֹבַיְיתָא; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁכְבֵּי, שִׁי׳. Snh. 29ᵇ, v. עוּר I ch. Ib. 48ᵇ ש׳ דהרפניא the dead of Harpania (for whom the shrouds are not woven until they are dead); a. e.—V. שָׁכִיב. ↗ expanded

שְׁכָבָה , v. Job XXXVIII, 37), only in שִׁכְבַת זֶרַע effusion of semen. Nidd. 5ᵃ. Ib. 9ᵃ. Ib. 13ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁכְבָּנָא (שְׁכֵב) one whose eyebrows overshadow his eyes (v. גְּבִין II). Bekh. 44ᵃ; (Tosef. ib. V, 2, sq. שכניה). ↗ expanded

שְׁכֹבֶת v. שְׁכָבָה) effusion of semen; [oth. opin.] = שְׁכִיבָה. Snh. 54ᵇ, v. שְׁכִיבָה. ↗ expanded

שִׁכְבְּתָא f. = h. שְׁכָבָה; only in שִׁכְבַת זַרְעָא, שׁוּכְ׳ = h. שכבת זרע. Targ. Lev. XV, 16, sq. (O. ed. Vien. שְׁכוּבַת); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׂכָה , v. סָכָה ↗ expanded

שְׁכוּב , v. שְׁכֵב ↗ expanded

שְׁכוּבְתָּא = h. שְׁכֹבֶת lying with, sexual connection. Targ. O. Lev. XVIII, 20; 23. Ib. XX, 15; a. e. effusion of semen. Targ. O. Lev. XV, 16, sq.; v. שִׁכְבְּתָא. ↗ expanded

שִׂכּוּי , v. סִיכּוּי ↗ expanded

שֶׂכְוִי , v. סָכָה) [guard,] cock. R. Hash. 26ᵃ כשהלכתי … ולתרנגול ש׳ (Ar. ס׳) when I travelled in the district of K. N., (I noticed that) they called a bride ninphe, and a cock sekhvi; Y. Ber. IX, 13ᶜ top ברומי … ש׳ (Ar. סִכְוָיָא) in Rome they call the cock s.; Lev. R. s. 25 בערביא … לתרנגולתא שִׂכְוָיָא in Arabia they call the hen sikhvaya; Yalk. Job 925 ברומי … סִכְוָוא; Yalk. Lev. 615 בערבי … לתרנגולת שכוי. ↗ expanded

שִׂכְיָיָא , v. preced. ↗ expanded

שכוין , Y. B. Bath. IV, beg. 14ᶜ הש׳, prob. to be read: השִׁיחִין (v. Tosef. B. Bath. III, 2). ↗ expanded

שַׁכּוּל bereft of whelps. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXXVII שעומד … כדוב ש׳ וכ׳ who stands on the road like a bear bereft of her whelps ready to kill mother and children. ↗ expanded

שִׂכּוּלָא , v. סִיכּוּלָא ↗ expanded

שִׁכּוּן , v. שִׁיכּוּן ↗ expanded

שְׁכוּנָא (שְׁכַן) dwelling, tent; apartment. — Pl. שְׁכוּנִין, שְׁכוּנַיָּא, שְׁכוּנֵי. Targ. Jud. VIII, 11; Targ. Jer. III, 2; IX, 25; XXV, 24.—B. Bath. 29ᵇ; 159ᵇ אנא בש׳ גוואי הואי I lived in the interior departments (and had the right to pass the premises which you occupied; therefore you cannot claim undisputed possession). group of buildings, neighborhood. — Pl. as ab. Lev. R. s. 34; Yalk. Is. 352, v. שְׁכוּנְתָּא.—[שְׁכוּנָא f., v. שְׁכוּנְתָּא.] ↗ expanded

שְׁכוּנָה (preced.) settlement, colony, group of dwellings. Ab. Zar. 21ᵃ ובלבד שלא יעשנה ש׳ provided that (in selling dwellings to a gentile) he does not make it a (gentile) settlement; ib. אין ש׳ וכ׳ a settlement consists of no less than three men (living in a group). Gitt. 6ᵃ מש׳ לש׳ when the deed of divorce is carried from one group of buildings to another; Y. ib. I, 43ᶜ top. Gen. R. s. 39 וממולדתך זו שְׁכוּנָתְךָ ‘and out of thy moledeth’ (Gen. XII, 1) this means, thy settlement. Gen. R. s. 64, v. נָצִיב; a. e.—Lev. R. s. 2 שכונתי some ed., v. שְׁכִינָה. the neighbor’s privilege of preemption. B. Mets. 68ᵃ; 108ᵇ (expl. משכנתא) דש׳ גביה the right of preemption (accorded to neighbors) is with him (the mortgagee).—[שְׁכוּנָה ch., v. next w.] ↗ expanded

שְׁכוּנְתָּא settlement. — Pl. שְׁכוּנָן, עבד ש׳ to settle. Targ. Job XV, 28. Targ. Y. Ex. XXIII, 33. group of buildings, neighborhood, quarter. Gen. R. s. 17 שְׁכוּנְתֵּיה דר׳ יוסי וכ׳ the quarter in which R. J. the Galilean lived; Lev. R. s. 34 הוות אזלא בכל שְׁכוּנַיָּא ובשכונתיה וכ׳ she went begging in all quarters, but in R. Jose’s quarter she did not go; Yalk. Is. 352 בכל שְׁכוּנֵי דקרתא ובשְׁכוּנֵיה וכ׳; Y. Keth. XI, 34ᵇ bot. שְׁכוּנָה דמשבקי the quarter in which my former husband lives.—Pl. שְׁכוּנָתָא. Ib. לית הכא שְׁכוּנָת חורין וכ׳ are there no quarters of other people of the town? Yalk. Lev. 665 בכל שְׁכוּנָתָה דקרתא וכ׳, v. supra; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׂכוֹר S’khor Bizzaé. Snh. 95ᵃ (Var. שכר); v., however, בִּזָּאֵי. ↗ expanded

שִׁכּוֹר drunk, intoxicated. Erub. 64ᵃ ש׳ אל יתפלל an intoxicated person should not pray, contrad. to שתוי under the influence of wine. Ib. שתוי … ש׳ שאין וכ׳ shathuy is he who could speak before a king (who could collect his mind, if he were suddenly summoned to speak &c.), shikkor is he who could not &c. Ber. 31ᵇ ש׳ שמתפלל וכ׳ a drunk person that prays is like one worshipping an idol. Num. R. s. 10; Tanḥ. Sh’mini 11; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׁכַח [to sink,] to forget, discard. Ber. 32ᵇ (ref. to Is. XLIX, 14) אדם … אתה עזבתני ושְׁכַחְתָּנִי if a man marries a woman after abandoning his first wife, he remembers the doings of his first wife, but thou hast abandoned me and also forgotten me. Ib. כלום אֶשְׁכַּח עולות וכ׳ will I ever forget the burnt-offerings of rams and the first born that thou didst offer &c.? Ib. שמא תִשְׁכַּח … סיני wilt thou forget what I did at Sinai? Peah V, 7 העומר ששְׁכָחוּהוּ … ולא ש׳ וכ׳ a sheaf which the laborers overlooked in collecting, but the employer had not overlooked. Ib. VII, 1 ושְׁכָחוֹ and he forgot it (left it on the tree). Ab. III, 8 כל השׁוֹכֵחַ וכ׳, v. מִשְׁנָה. Midd. II, 5 שָׁכַחְתִּי מה וכ׳ I forgot what purpose it served; Yoma 16ᵃ; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁכוּחַ; f. שְׁכוּחָה, a) (cmp. זָכוּר) forgetting. Y. Sabb. VI, 7ᵈ והיא ש׳ and she may forget herself, v. שַׁחֲצָנִית.—b) forgotten. B. Mets. 11ᵃ ש׳ מעיקרו a sheaf forgotten at the start (overlooked in collecting); זכור ולבסוף ש׳, v. זָכַר. Ber. l. c. (ref. to Is. l. c.) היינו עזובה היינו ש׳ is not abandoned the same as forgotten? (Ms. O. עֲזִיבָה … שְׁכִיחָה …). Pi. שִׁכֵּחַ same. Y. Ber. V, 9ᵃ top לא במהרה הוא מְשַׁכֵּחַ will not easily forget it. Snh. 99ᵃ כל … ומְשַׁכְּחָהּ וכ׳ he who studied the Law and neglects it (fails to review it) is like a woman that gives birth and buries; a. e. to cause forgetting. Ab. II, 2 שיגיעת … מְשַׁכַּחַת עון (or מַשְׁכַּחַת) the employment of the mind in both of them causes man to forget sin. Tosef. Sot. III, 12 אתם מְשַׁכְּחִין … אני אֲשַׁכֵּחַ וכ׳ you make the law of free trade forgotten among you, I will cause you to be forgotten in the world; Snh. 109ᵃ, a. e. באו ונְשַׁכֵּחַ וכ׳, v. רֶגֶל; a. fr. Hif. הִשְׁכִּיחַ same. Bets. 15ᵇ להַשְׁכִּיחוֹ, v. זָכַר. Ab. l. c., v. supra; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁכַּח, Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּכֵּחַ, , Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּכֵּחַ to be forgotten. Tem. 14ᵇ מוטב … ואל תִּשְׁתַּכֵּחַ וכ׳ (some ed. תִּשָּׁבֵחַ) it is better that a law be uprooted (disregarded) than that the Law be forgotten in Israel. Ib. 15ᵇ שלשה … נִשְׁתַּכְּחוּ וכ׳ three thousand traditional rules were forgotten during the days of mourning for Moses. Ib. 16ᵃ אף … נִשְׁתַּכְּחָה וכ׳ also the rule concerning a sin offering whose owner died (before it was brought) was forgotten during &c. Ib. שלא יִשְׁתַּכֵּחַ … מלבי that what I have learned be not forgotten out of my mind. Pes. 54ᵇ על המת שישתכח מן הלב that the dead should be forgotten out of mind; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁכַח I ch. (Hebraism) same. Y. B. Kam. IV, 4ᵇ עד דשַׁכְחוּן כולן, v. סוּלָּמָא Pa. שַׁכַּח same. Y. Erub. I, 18ᵈ top [read:] דאין … ולא מְשַכַּח יתיה that he may not have forgotten it, if Rab should ask him; a. e. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּכַּח to be forgotten. Tem. 15ᵇ דאי׳ להו א׳ וכ׳ that which they forgot remained forgotten &c. B. Mets. 85ᵃ יתיב … דלִשְׁתַּכַּח גמרא וכ׳ he fasted … praying that he may forget the Babylonian teaching. Ib.ᵇ אי מִשְׁתַּכְּחַת תורה וכ׳ (Keth. 103ᵇ אם נשתכחה וכ׳), v. פִּלְפּוּלָא. Ib. עבדי … דלא תִשְׁתַּכַּח וכ׳ I brought it about that the Law be not forgotten &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁכַח 2 Af. אַשְׁכַּח (הַשְׁכַּח) (preced.) [to uncover,] to find. Targ. Ps. XXXVI, 3 למַשְׁכַּח (ed. Wil. למִ׳). Targ. Koh. I, 17 (ed. Vien. למִ׳). Ib. VIII, 17 (Pe interch. with Af.). Targ. Gen. II, 20. Ib. VIII, 9 (Y. some ed. הַשְׁ׳). Targ. O. ib. XLI, 38 הנַשְׁכַּח ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. a. oth. היִשְׁ׳, corr. acc.); Y. הנִשְׁ׳; a. fr.—Gitt. 56ᵇ ליקלויה … דלא לַשְׁכְּחֵיה וכ׳ burn this man (me, Titus), and scatter the ashes …, that the God of the Jews may not find him and place him before judgment. Y. Erub. I, 18ᵈ top א׳ תני וכ׳ he found that it was taught (in the Boraitha), Rabbi says &c. Yeb. 110ᵇ אַשְׁכְּחִתֵיה לרב וכ׳ I found Rab A. and &c. Ab. Zar. 10ᵃ, a. fr. נפק דק וא׳ וכ׳ he went forth, investigated, and found that &c. Macc. 21ᵇ מי מַשְׁכַּחַת וכ׳ wouldst thou have found the jewel beneath?; B. Mets. 17ᵇ לא משכחת, v. דְּלֵי. Gitt. 68ᵃ אַשְׁכְּחֵיה חמרא he found it to be wine; Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXVIII, 45; Yalk. Kings 182 אשכח. Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵇ וי דמובדין ולא מַשְׁכְּחִין woe for those who lose and do not find (who suffer an irretrievable loss)!; a. fr.—Macc. l. c., a. fr. היכי משכחת לה how wilt thou find it, i.e. to what practical case can this be applied? Pes. 7ᵃ בשלמא שבת משכחת לה וכ׳ as to the Sabbath, there may be a case, as, for instance, when the fourteenth day occurs on a Sabbath. Ab. Zar. 40ᵇ; a. v. fr. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּכַּח, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּכַח to be found. Targ. Ex. XXI, 16. Ib. XXII, 1; 3; a. fr.—Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXIV, 8 הִשְׁתְּכָחוּ אכלין וכ׳ (= h. נמצא) consequently they ate &c., v. מָצָא.—B. Mets. 16ᵇ הנהו … דמִשְׁתַּכְּחֵי בשוקא deeds of purchase that were found in the street. Sabb. 90ᵃ; Nidd. 62ᵃ מִשְׁתַּכַּח, v. אַשְׁלְגָא. Snh. 111ᵃ; Ex. R. s. 6, a. e. ולא מִשְׁתַּכְּחִין and are not found again (cannot be replaced), v. חֲבַל II; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁכְחָה (שָׁכַח) forgetting, forgetfulness. Y. Peah I, 16ᵇ bot.; Yalk. Mic. 559, v. שׁוֹכְחָן. Ab. IV, 22. Sabb. 31ᵇ שמא תאמר ש׳ היא מהן lest you say, they forget it (that their way leads to death); a. fr. that which is forgotten, esp. (with ref. to Deut. XXIV, 19) the forgotten sheaf, the poor man’s sheaf. Peah VI, 1 אינו ש׳ does not come under the law concerning a forgotten sheaf, does not belong to the poor. Ib. 4 ושלאחריו ש׳ and a sheaf left behind the cutter belongs to the poor; B. Mets. 11ᵃ. Ib. לרבות שִׁכְחַת העיר to include a sheaf forgotten in town (at unloading). Pesik. Vattom., p. 132ᵃ (ref. to Is. XLIX, 14) כעומר הש׳ like the forgotten sheaf; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁכְחָן , v. שׁוֹכְחָן ↗ expanded

שִׁכְחַת Shikhḥath. B. Bath. 26ᵃ; B. Kam. 91ᵇ Ms. M. (ed. שיבחה; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). B. Bath. 126ᵇ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 80). ↗ expanded

שְׁכִיב , v. שְכֵב ↗ expanded

שָׁכִיב c. (preced.) lying; שְׁכִיב מרע dangerously ill, v. מְרַע II. dead, deceased. Targ. Y. Deut. XXV, 5, sq. Targ. Ps. XXXI, 13; a. fr.—[B. Mets. 73ᵇ, read: שְׁכִיבְנָא, v. שְׁכֵב.]—Pl. שְׁכִיבַיָּא, שְׁכִיבִין, שְׁכִיבֵי. Targ. Ruth I, 8. Targ. Koh. IV, 2 (not שכיבא); a. e.—Snh. 46ᵇ, v. יְקָרָא. Sabb. 109ᵇ בי ש׳ Ar. in the cemetery, v. שֵׁיבָבָא; a. e.—V. שִׁכְבָּא. ↗ expanded

שְׁכִיבָה (שָׁכַב) lying down, lying position. Ber. 11ᵃ (ref. to Deut. VI, 7) בשעת ש׳ ש׳ ממש וכ׳ at the time of lying down, (and) literally in a reclining position, and at the time of rising, (and) literally in an erect position (must the Sh’mʿa be recited, v. קִימָה a correct quot. acc.). Ib. 4ᵇ מקיש ש׳ לקימה וכ׳ the text (Deut. l. c.) puts lying down parallel to rising, as at rising (in the morning) the reading of the Sh’mʿa precedes the prayer (תְּפִלָּה), אף ש׳ וכ׳ so at lying down (in the evening) the reading of the Sh’mʿa precedes &c. Ib. מאי קימה … אף ש׳ נמי סמוך למיטתו as in the morning the Sh’mʿa is read near the bed (immediately after rising), so in the evening the Sh’mʿa is read near the bed (before going to bed). Y. ib. I, 3ᶜ מפני שכתוב בה ש׳ וקימה because lying down and rising are mentioned therein (in the chapter of Balaam, Num. XXIII, 24; XXIV, 9). Y. Gitt. III, 44ᵈ top; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. I, 14 אחת לש׳ וכ׳ one mattress to lie on, and another &c.; a. fr. lying with, carnal connection. Snh. 54ᵇ (ref. to Lev. XVIII, 23) לא תתן שְׁכָבְתְּךָ … שְׁכִיבָתְךָ thou shalt not give thy sh’khobeth means, thou shalt not allow thy lying with (any connection, either active or passive); Yalk. Ex. 348; Yalk. Lev. 599. Snh. l. c. לדברי … שכבתך ושכיבתך חדא היא according to R. ʿAk. he is guilty of one act only, for thy sh’khobeth and thy sh’khibah are the same. ↗ expanded

שְׁכִיחַ c. (שְׁכַח II) = h. מָצוּי, found, on hand; frequent; likely.Ḥag. 5ᵃ, v. זוּזָא I. B. Mets. 85ᵇ דהוה ש׳ אליהו גביה whom Elijah used to visit. Taan. 23ᵇ משום דאתתא ש׳ וכ׳ because the wife is usually at home, and gives the poor bread &c., v. הֲנָיָיה ch. Sabb. 78ᵃ יין שתייתו ש׳ … לא ש׳ wine is used ordinarily for drinking, extraordinarily for medicine. Bets. 2ᵇ, a. fr. מילתא דלא ש׳ a case of rare occurrence. Sabb. l. c. כל מילתא דש׳ ולא ש׳ whenever a thing is used ordinarily for one purpose, and rarely for another purpose; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁכִיחָה (שָׁכַח) forgetting, use of the root שָׁכַח. Lam. R. to V, 20; Pesik. R. s. 31, v. עֲזִיבָה; a. e.—Ber. 32ᵇ Ms. O., v. שָׁכַח. ↗ expanded

שְׁכִיכָה (שָׁכַךְ) appeasement, use of the root שָׁכַךְ. Esth. R. to I, 12; II, 1 (ref. to כְּשֹׁךְ ib.) ש׳ שאינה ש׳ it was an appeasement, and yet it was no appeasement, i.e. he was not reconciled without regret.—Pl. שְׁכִיכוֹת. Meg. 16ᵃ (ref. to Esth. II, 1, a. VII, 10) שתי ש׳ הללו למה why these two appeasements?; Yalk. Esth. 1059 (not שכיכת). ↗ expanded

שְׁכֵין , v. שְׁכַן ↗ expanded

שַׂכִּין , v. סַכִּין ↗ expanded

שְׁכֵינָא = h. שָכֵן, neighbor. Targ. Prov. XXVII, 10 Ms. (ed. שִׁיכְנָא, שָׁכְ׳).—Pl. שְׁכֵינִין. Targ. II Kings IV, 3 (v. שֵׁיבָבָא). Targ. Ps. LXXIX, 4; 12 (ed. Wil. שָׁכְנָנָא; ed. Lag. שיבב׳). ↗ expanded

שְׁכִינָא (שְׁכַן; cmp. שַׁכְבָּנָא) eyelid. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 10, Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 10 (some ed. שִׁיכְנָא). ↗ expanded

שְׁכִינָה (שָׁכַן) royal residence, royalty. Lev. R. s. 2 בא ואראך כבודי ובית שְׁכִינָתִי וכ׳ (not ביתי; some ed. שכונתי) come, and I will show thee my honor and the house of my residence without thy mother; Yalk. Ez. 340 כבודי ובית שבניתי לאמך (corr. acc.). Lev. R. l. c. כלום פיחת כבודי ושכינתי has my honor or my royalty suffered (through thy mother’s absence)?; Yalk. l. c. כבודי או בית שבניתי לכם (corr. acc.).—Esp. Shechinah, Divine Presence, holy inspiration (v. Ex. XXV, 8, a. 22). Yoma 9ᵇ sq. אי נמי סליקו … לא הוה שריא ש׳ … אין הש׳ שורה וכ׳ even if all Jews had returned in Ezra’s days, the Sh. would not have dwelt in the second Temple, for it is written (Gen. IX, 27) …; the Sh. dwells only in the tents of Shem; Gen. R. s. 36. Ber. 6ᵃ לשלשה … שש׳ עמהם that when three sit as judges, the Sh. is with them. Sabb. 12ᵇ ש׳ למעלה וכ׳ the Sh. dwells over the headside of the sick man’s bed. Ib. 30ᵇ; Pes. 117ᵃ, v. עֲצֵבוּת. Meg. 29ᵃ בכל מקום שגלו ש׳ עמהן whithersoever they were exiled, the Sh. went with them. B. Bath. 25ᵃ ש׳ בכל מקום the Sh. Is everywhere (you may face any region in prayer). R. Hash. 31ᵃ; a. fr. (also in Chald. diction). ↗ expanded

שְׁכִינָה ² Targ. Y. I Num. XXIV, 6, Targ. Y. II, Num. XXIV, 6. Targ. Ex. XVII, 7. Targ. Num. V, 3. Targ. Ez. III, 12; a. fr.—Yoma 9ᵇ, v. preced. Snh. 39ᵃ אמריתו … ש׳ שריא כמה שְׁכִינָתָא וכ׳ you say, wherever ten are assembled (for prayer), there the Sh. dwells; how many Shechinahs are there?; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁכִינָתָא. Ib. ↗ expanded

שָׂכִיר hired man. Erub. 64ᵃ; Shebu. 46ᵇ שְׂכִירוֹ וכ׳, v. לָקִיט h. B. Mets. IX, 11 שְׂ׳ יום one hired for day work; ש׳ לילה for night work; ש׳ שעות by hours; ש׳ חדש by the month. Ib. 112ᵇ (in Chald. dict.) עקרוה … ושדיוה אַשָּׂ׳ the Rabbis took the oath from the employer, and put it on the hired man. Ib. ש׳ נמי … איתגר the hired man, too, hires himself out from necessity; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׂכִירוּת (preced.) hire, rent. B. Mets. 65ᵃ, a. fr. ש׳ אינה משתלמת וכ׳ rent (for a house or a field) is not due before the end of the term. Ib. 98ᵃ פלגיה דיומא בשאילה … בש׳ (I let thee have the two cows) half a day as a loan, and half a day for hire. Ib. ודקיימא דש׳ היא and the cow that survived is the hired one. Ib.ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׁכַךְ (b. h.) to sink, (of anger) to be appeased. Ex. R. s. 8 מיד שָׁכָכוּ they (the threatening gates) were at once appeased; (Tanḥ. Vaëra 7 שקטו). Esth. R. to I, 12 עד … לא שָׁכְכָה חמתו וכ׳ until Esther entered (the palace), Ahasver’s anger was not appeased; a. e. Pi. שִׁכֵּךְ (with double accus.) to sink a thing into; ש׳ אוזן מה שהיא יכולה לשמוע to sink into the ear that which it is able to hear, i.e. to assist a person’s perception by gradual increase of sound, by a comparison &c. Mekh. Yithro, Bahod., s. 3; 4 (ref. to Ex. XIX, 19) ולמה רך מתחלה כדי לְשַׁכֵּךְ וכ׳ (not כך) why was the sound soft at first (growing gradually stronger)? In order to bring into the ear as much &c.; ib. (ref. to Ex. l. c. 18) ומה תלמוד לומר כבשן לשכך וכ׳ why does the text say, ‘like the smoke of a furnace’? In order to assist the perception &c.; ib. (ref. to Ez. XLIII, 2) הרי … מבריותיו לש׳ האזן we describe God by borrowing a metaphor from one of his creations in order to &c.; Tanḥ. Yithro 13; Yalk. Ex. 284. ↗ expanded

שָׂכַל 1 v. סָכַל I) to be bright. Hif. הִשְׂכִּיל to be wise, understand; to consider, deliberate. Midr. Prov. to I, 3 כיון … צריך להַשְׂכִּיל היאך וכ׳ when a man is appointed judge, he must deliberate how to acquit the innocent &c.; צריך להשכיל ולדקדק וכ׳ he must study and investigate the law, that he may not sin or lead to sin; Yalk. ib. 929 צריך להשכיל היאך לדקדק וכ׳ he must deliberate how to carry out the law exactly &c. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXXII (ref. to I Sam. XVIII, 14, sq.) ומפני שהיה מַשְׂכִּיל היה כסוי חטאה and because he was wise, his sin was covered; a. fr. to look towards, face; (cmp. סָכַם, a. כּוּן) to be directed. Num. R. s. 14⁵; Pesik. R. s. 3 (ref. to שִׂכֵּל את ידיו, Gen. XLVIII, 14) הִשְׂכִּילוּ ידיו … לרוח הקדש Jacob’s hands were directed towards (pointed to) the holy spirit. ↗ expanded

שָׂכַל 2 to entangle, cross. Pi. שִׂכֵּל same, trnsf. to cause confusion. Pesik. R. s. 3 (ref. to Gen. XLVIII, 14) [read:] מהו ש׳ אמר ר׳ יהודה ש׳ ידיו … בבכורתו וכ׳ (אמר רבי ש׳, a dittography) he (God) made Jacob’s hands bring confusion into Menasseh’s birthright. ↗ expanded

שָׁכַל [to finish, consume,] to bereave (of everything), make childless; שָׁכֹל to be childless. Part. pass. שָׁכוּל; f. שְׁכוּלָה; pl. f. שְׁכוּלוֹת. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XLIX (v. I Sam. XV, 33) כשם ששִׁכְּלָה … וישבו נשיהם ש׳ ואלמנות כן תִּשְׁכַּל וכ׳ as the sword of Amalek, thy (Haman’s) grandfather, consumed the young men …, and their women remained childless and widowed, so shall thy mother be childless among women; ובתפלת … ש׳ וכ׳ and through the prayer of Esther and her maids all males of Amalek were killed, and their women remained childless &c. Pi. שִׁכֵּל to destroy, consume. Ib., v. supra. Num. R. s. 16²⁴ בראתי אותך שתהא מְשַׁכֵּל באומות וכ׳ I have created thee (the angel of death) to work destruction among the nations, except &c. Gen. R. s. 86 דוב שהיתה מְשַׁכֶּלֶת בבני אדוניה a bear that worked destruction among the children of her owner; a. e.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּכָּל. Yalk. Cant. 988 (ref. to שכלה, Cant. IV, 2) כל מי שלומד מהם אינו מש׳ whoever learns from them (the scholars), shall not be bereft (injured). ↗ expanded

שְׁכַל , Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּכֵּל, v. שׁכְלֵל. ↗ expanded

שִׂכְלָא , v. סִכְלָא ↗ expanded

שִׁכְלוּל , v. sub שִׁיכְ׳. ↗ expanded

שכלון , Y. Ber. IX, 13ᶜ bot., v. שַׁבְּלוּל ↗ expanded

שַׁכְלֵיל , v. שַׁכְלֵל ↗ expanded

שִׁכְלֵל (Shaf. of כלל, cmp. שָׁכַל) to finish, decorate. Snh. 38ᵃ למלך שבנה פלטרין גדולים ושִׁיכְלְלָן וכ׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) like a king who built great palaces and decorated them, and made arrangements therein for a large banquet &c. Pesik. R. s. 2 אין אתה מְשַׁכְלְלוֹ thou shalt not finish it (the Temple), opp. מיסדו laying the foundation; Yalk. Sam. 144; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּכְלֵל, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּכְלֵל to be finished, decorated. Gen. R. s. 10 (ref. to ויכלו, Gen. II, 1) נִשְׁתּכְלְלוּ השמים בחמה … ונִשְׁתַּכְלְלָה הארץ וכ׳ the heavens were decorated with sun, moon, and stars, and the earth with trees and herbs, and with the garden of Eden; Yalk. ib. 15 נִתְכַּלְּלוּ … ונִתְכַּלְּלָה. to be founded. Tanḥ. K’doshim 10 (ref. to מכלל, Ps. L, 2) מציון נש׳ כל וכ׳ from Zion was the whole world founded, as we have learned (Y. Yoma V, 42ᶜ), why is it called foundation stone? &c., v. שְׁתִיָּה II. ↗ expanded

שַׁכְלֵל to finish, decorate. Targ. Y. Ex. XXXI, 17. Targ. Ez. XXVII, 4; 11; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשַׁכְלַל; f. מְשַׁכְלְלָא perfect. Ib. 3. Ib. XXVIII, 12 (ed. Wil. מְשֻׁכְלַל, Hebr.); a. e. to fasten, establish, found. Targ. Is. XLII, 5 (h. text רקע). Targ. I Sam. II, 8 (h. text וישת). Targ. Hab. II, 12 (h. text כונן); a. fr. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּכְלֵל to be finished, decorated. Targ. O. Gen. II, 1. Targ. I Kings VI, 38. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 96 דאשתרי וא׳ ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. דאשתדל ואשתכל, corr. acc.) that which was begun and has been finished; a. fr. to be founded. Targ. I Kings VI, 37 (h. text יסד). Targ. Hag. II, 18; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׂכַם , Hif. הִשְׂכִּים, v. סָכַם. ↗ expanded

שָׁכַם , Hif. הִשְׁכִּים (b. h.; [to load, v. Ges. Thes. s. v.,] to rise early; to do a thing early. Ber. 30ᵃ ה׳ לצאת לדרך if one rises early (before sunrise) to go on the road; Tosef. ib. III, 19. Cant. R. to V, 11 (play on שחרות כעורב, ib.; cmp. שׁחַר) מַשְׁכִּים ומעריב (Lev. R. s. 19 משחיר), v. עָרַב II. B. Mets. VII, 1 if one hired working men, ואמר להן להַשְׁכִּים וכ׳ and told them that he expected them to come to their work earlier and go later (than the customary time). Ber. 47ᵇ לעולם יַשְׁכִּים אדם וכ׳ a man should always go early to the house of prayer, that he may succeed in being counted among the earliest ten &c. Ib. 16ᵇ; Y. ib. IV, 7ᵈ bot. ונַשְׁכִּים ונמצא וכ׳ that we may early (in life) obtain &c., v. יִחוּל. B. Kam. 92ᵇ הַשְׁכֵּם ואכול take an early breakfast. Gitt. 7ᵃ הַשְׁכֵּם והערב עליהן והם וכ׳ (omit לבה"מ) pray against them (the tormentors) early and late, and they shall cease of themselves; a. fr.—Bicc. III, 2 ולִמַשְׁכִּים היה וכ׳ and at rising time &c. ↗ expanded

שְׁכֶם 1 (b. h.) shoulder. Gen. R. s. 53 (ref. to Gen. XXI, 14) שכן דרך עבדים … על שִׁכְמָם for such is the manner of slaves, to carry their filled pitchers on their shoulder; a. e. load; trnsf. (cmp. מַשָּׂא, סִבָּלוֹן) portion, share. Gen. R. s. 97, end (ref. to Gen. XLVIII, 22) ש׳ זו הבכורה by sh’khem is meant the share of the first-born; B. Bath. 123ᵃ; a. e. mountain range, v. next w. ↗ expanded

שְׁכֶם 2 (b. h.) pr. n. m. Shechem, son of Hamor the Hivite. Macc. 11ᵃ, a. e., v. גְּזַר. Sot. 22ᵇ, v. שִׁיכְמִי; a. fr. pr. n. pl. Shechem in Mount Ephraim. Gen. R. s. 97, end (ref. to Gen. XLVIII, 22, v. preced.) זו ש׳ ודאי it means Shechem in reality. Ib. (in a corrupt passage) לפיכך תהא הש׳ בחלקך therefore shall the district of Sh. (or the mountain range, v. preced.) be in thy share. Ib. בש׳ נפרצה וכ׳ in Sh. did unchastity break out, and thou didst fence it in (setting the example of chastity), therefore &c. Num. R. s. 23, v. נִיפּוֹלִין; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁכְמִי , v. שִׁיכְמִי ↗ expanded

שָׁכַן v. כון, to dwell, rest. Ḥull. 65ᵃ ש׳ עם הטמאים טמא a bird (of which you do not know whether it is clean or unclean) that nests with unclean birds, is unclean. B. Kam. 92ᵇ (quot. from an unknown writing, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 7) כל עוף למינו יִשְׁכּוֹן וכ׳ every bird nests with its kind, and man with his like; Yalk. Gen. 116; Yalk. Jud. 67. Tanḥ. Noah 15 אין הקללה שׁוֹכֶנֶת וכ׳ (Gen. R. s. 36 הוָֹה) curse does not rest (take effect) where blessing has been pronounced; a. fr. Pi. שִׁיכֵּן, שִׁכֵּן to cause to dwell, establish. Ber. 12ᵃ מי שש׳ את שמו הוא יַשְׁכִּין וכ׳ may he who caused his name to dwell in this house, let dwell among you love and brotherhood &c. Ib. 16ᵇ שתְּשַׁכֵּן (or שתַּשְׁכֵּן), v. פּוּר. Gen. R. s. 64 (ref. to שְׁכֹן, Gen. XXVI, 2) שׁכֵּן השכינה בארץ let the Shechinah rest in the land (do not cause the Shechinah to move with thee to a foreign land); Yalk. ib. 111. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXXVI איני יכול לשַׁכֵּן שכינתי עליך וכ׳ I cannot let my Shechinah (holy inspiration) rest upon thee in a foreign land; a. fr.—2) to make prosperous. Num. R. s. 14³ שבשבילו ש׳ ה׳ לאדוניו because for his (Joseph’s) sake the Lord prospered his master; [Matt. K.; the Lord revealed himself to his master, v. Gen. R. s. 86, end].—[Gen. R. s. 34 שיכן בזכות, v. שִׁיכּוּן.] Hif. הִשְׁכִּין to cause to dwell. Cant. R. to V, 1 (ref. to Ps. XXXVII, 29) יַשְׁכִּינוּ לשכינה וכ׳ they cause the Shechinah to dwell on earth; ib. הצדיקים הִשְׁכִּינוּ וכ׳ the righteous (Abraham, Isaac etc.) brought the Shechinah down to earth. Ber. 12ᵃ, v. supra; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁכַן to dwell, sit, nest. Targ. Ps. CIV, 12 Ms. (ed. יִשְׁרוּן).—Gen. R. s. 65 וכל עוף דש׳ וכ׳ and whatever bird will nest with it (the starling, v. זַרְזִיר II), to its kind will it belong; Yalk. Ps. 794 דיִשְׁכּוֹן; ib. אתא … וש׳ גביה the Egyptian raven came and joined it; a. e. to rest, settle. Ḥull. 26ᵇ שָׁכְנֵי תיתאי, v. קְפֵי. Ib. 111ᵇ, v. קְפֵי. Pa. שִׁכֵּן to cause to dwell. Targ. Cant. III, 10 (not דשְׁכֵין). to fix, appoint. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᵈ top שַׁכְּנִית, v. ארקליס. ↗ expanded

שָׁכֵן preced.) settler, neighbor. Keth. 85ᵇ ש׳ ותלמיד חכם וכ׳ if a neighbor (of the deceased) and a scholar (of the same name claim a legacy), the scholar is preferred; B. Mets. 108ᵇ ש׳ ותלמיד וכ׳ if a neighbor and a scholar want to buy a field, the scholar has the preemption. Ab. I, 7 הרחק מש׳ רע keep away from a bad neighbor. Ib. II, 9. Neg. XII, 6 (prov.) אוי לרשע אוי לשְׁכֵנוֹ woe to the wicked, and woe to his neighbor; Num. R. s. 18⁵; a. fr.—Y. Ab. Zar. II, end, 42ᵃ (mixed dict.) ש׳ חד הוה לנא וכ׳ we had one (gentile) neighbor &c.—Pl. שְׁכֵנִים, שְׁכֵי׳. Keth. l. c. שניהם קרובים ושניהם ש׳ וכ׳ if both claimants are relatives (of the deceased), or both neighbors, or both scholars, it is left to the discretion of the judges (v. שׁוּדָא). B. Mets. l. c. שְׁכֵינֵי העיר ושְׁכֵינֵי שדה וכ׳ if neighbors in the town and neighbors in the field (want to buy a field), the city neighbors have the pre-emption. Sot. I, 4 (address to the suspected adulteress) הרבה ש׳ הרעים וכ׳ bad neighbors do much (may have influenced you). Keth. 72ᵃ שמשיאתו שם רע בשְׁכֵינָיו she is the cause of his bearing a bad name among his neighbors; a. fr.—Fem. שְׁכֵנָה, שְׁכֵי׳. Y. Bets. II, end, 61ᵈ שְׁכֵינָתוֹ היתה it was his neighbor’s wife that did it; ויש … על שכינתו is a man punished for what his neighboress does?; a. e.—Pl. שְׁכֵינוֹת. Keth. l. c. משיאה … בשְׁכֵיניֹתֶיהָ he is the cause of her bearing a bad name among her neighbors; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁכֵן ² , v. שְׁכֵינָא ↗ expanded

שְׁכַנְיָה 1 (v. שְׁכִינָא) one having abnormally long eye-brows. Tosef. Bekh. V, 2, sq., expl. שגביניו שוכבין; (Bekh. 44ᵃ שכבנא). ↗ expanded

שְׁכַנְיָה 2 (b. h.) pr. n. m. Shechaniah, the tenth in the order of priests’ divisions. Pesik. Haʿomer, p. 69ᵇ (not שב׳); a. e., v. יֵשׁוּעַ. ↗ expanded

שְׁכַנְצִיב Sh’khanzib in Babylonia. Yeb. 37ᵇ; M. Kat. 28ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁכָּף (שכף; v. אוּשְׁכָּפָא) saddler, shoemaker, worker in leather. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. I, 15, v. מַכְבֵּשׁ. ↗ expanded

שַׁכָּפָא Y. Ab. Zar. XI, end, 42ᵃ עולא ש׳ ‘U. the shoemaker. ↗ expanded

שָׂכַר to hire, engage; to rent. B. Mets. VI, 1 השׂוֹכֵר את וכ׳ if one engages artisans (through an agent). Ib. VIII, 2 שאלה … ושְׂכָרָהּ וכ׳ if he borrowed the cow for half a day, and hired her for half a day. Tosef. ib. IX, 1, sq. השׂוֹכֵר שדה if one rents a field; a. v. fr.—שׂוֹכֵר hirer, employer; tenant. B. Mets. 103ᵃ ש׳ מהימן בשבועה the employer is believed on his oath (that he has paid the wages). Ib. 102ᵇ כוליה לש׳ the whole (rent for the thirteenth month of the leap year) goes to the tenant, i.e. he need not pay extra rent for the intercalated month; a. v. fr.—Esp. שוכר tenant of land for rent payable in money, contrad. to חכיר. Tosef. Dem. VI, 2 ש׳ במעות וכ׳ the sokher pays the rent in cash, the ḥakkir (or ḥokher) in kind; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׂכוּר; f. שְׂכוּרָה. B. Mets. VIII, 2 if the hirer says, ש׳ מתה it is the hired cow that died; ביום שהיתה ש׳ מתה she died on the day when I used her for hire; בשעה … ש׳ וכ׳ she died at that time of the day when I used her for hire; a. fr. Hif. הִשְׂכִּיר to lease, let. B. Bath. 110ᵃ לעולם יַשְׂכִּיר אדם את עצמו וכ׳ a man should hire himself out for &c., v. עֲבוֹרָה. B. Mets. VIII, 7 המַשְׂכִּיר … המשכיר וכ׳ if one lets a house …, the landlord has to furnish &c. Ib. 8 ה׳ לו להדשים … למשכיר if he let the house by the month, … the landlord has the benefit of the intercalated month, v. עָבַר. Pes. 4ᵃ על המ׳ לבדוק the landlord is obliged to search the house for leavened matter; a. fr. (denom. of שָׂכָר) to cause to profit, to benefit. Tanḥ. ed. Bub., Vayesheb 13 צריך … משכיר אותו (not משביר) a man must pray for the welfare of him that benefits him. Nif. נִשְׂכַּר (denom. of שָׂכָר) to be rewarded, benefited; to have the advantage. Yeb. 92ᵇ אם כן מצינו חוטא נִשְׂכָּר if this be the law, then he that sinned would be at an advantage; Keth. 11ᵃ, a. e. שלא יהא חוטא נ׳ it is done in order that the sinner should not be at an advantage. Pes. 50ᵇ; Tosef. Yeb. IV, 8, v. זָרִיז; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׂתַּכּר, Nithpa. נִשְׂתַּכֵּר to profit; to deal in. Tanḥ. l. c. לפי … מִשְׂתַּכֵּר מצאנו וכ׳ because Jacob was benefited by his flock &c. Pesik. R. s. 40 ונִשְׂתַּכַּרְתִּי, v. נָצַח. Pes. l. c. המשתכר בקנים וכ׳ he that deals in reeds and vessels. Ib. 54ᵇ ואין אדם יודע במה משתכר and no man knows which of his enterprises will turn out profitable; Mekh. B’shall., Vayass‘a, s. 5. B. Bath. 91ᵃ אין מִשְׂתַּכְּרִין בא"י וכ׳ in Palestine you must not be a dealer in provisions, as wine &c. (serve as middleman between producer and consumer); Tosef. Ab. Zar. IV (V), 1; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׂכַר ² to fill up, dam, v. סָכר, סְכַר.—Snh. 95ᵃ, v. בִּזָּאי, a. שְׂכוֹר. ↗ expanded

שָׂכָר wages, profit, reward. Shebu. VIII, 1, a. e. נושא ש׳ he that receives wages (for watching), v. שׁוֹמֵר. Succ. 29ᵇ שְׂכַר שכיר, v. עָשַׁק. B. Mets. 112ᵃ כל הכובש שְׂ׳ וכ׳ he that delays the payment of the hired man’s wages, is considered as if taking his life. Ab. V, 11 יצא שְׂכָרוֹ וכ׳, v. הֶפְסֵד. B. Kam. 116ᵃ, a. e. אין לו אלא שְׂכָרוֹ he can claim only the ordinary laborer’s pay, v. שָׁלֵם II; a. fr.—Esp. divine reward. Erub. 22ᵃ (ref. to Deut. VII, 11) היום לעשותם … למחר לקכל שְׂכָרָם ‘to do them to-day’, and not to do them to-morrow (do not procrastinate); ‘to do them to-day’, and to receive the reward for them tomorrow (expect not immediate reward). Ib. 65ᵃ לא נכרא יין … לשלם ש׳ לרשעים wine has been created for the purpose of comforting (cheering up) mourners and paying reward to the wicked (for what good they may do, in this world); Num. R. s. 10⁴. Ab. II, 16 נאמן … שְׂכַר פעולתך thy employer may be trusted that he will pay thee the wages due for thy work. Ib. ודע שמתן שְׂכָרָם וכ׳ but keep in mind that the reward of the righteous is reserved for the hereafter; a. fr.—בִּשְׂכַר as a reward for, on account of (cmp. זְבוּת). Sot. 11ᵇ בש׳ נשים צדקניות וכ׳ for the sake of the righteous women of that generation were the Israelites redeemed; Ex. R. s. 1. Ḥull. 88ᵇ בש׳ שאמר וכ׳ as a reward for what Abraham our father said (Gen. XVIII, 27) &c. Ex. R. s. 45 בש׳ שלש זכה לשלש on account of three things he (Moses) was granted three things; בש׳ ויסתר וכ׳ on account of ‘he hid his face’ (Ex. III, 6) &c.; a. fr.—[Yalk. Is. 371 שכרן, read: שִׂבְרָן, v. סֵבֶר.] ↗ expanded

שָׁכַר (b. h.) to fill, saturate; to drink freely.—Part. pass. שָׁכוּר; f. שְׁכוּרָה. Taan. 22ᵇ לא ש׳ ולא צמאה וכ׳ that the soil be neither soaked nor thirsty, but between the two extremes. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXXV (ref. to Is. LI, 21) וממה את ש׳ מן הצרות וכ׳ and wherefrom art thou drunk? From the troubles, but not from too much wine; a. e. Pi. שִׁכֵּר to make drunk, intoxicate. Erub. 64ᵇ דרך … מְשַׁכַּרְתּוֹ walking (after drinking) makes him unsteady, and sleep makes him drunk; Taan. 17ᵇ. Erub. l. c. רביעית … מְשַׁכֵּר one fourth of a Log of Italian wine intoxicates. Cant. R. to I, 4 ועשו … ושִׁכְּרַתּוֹ וכ׳ they made a great feast, and she made him drink more than enough; Yalk. Gen. 15; a. e. Hithpa. חִשְׁתַּכֵּר, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּכֵּר to be, become intoxicated. Keth. 8ᵇ התחילו … ומִשְׁתַּכְּרִין וכ׳ when they began to drink (at the mourners’ meals) and get intoxicated &c. Snh. 42ᵃ אל יִשְׁתַּכְּרוּ, v. רָז. Esth. R. to III, 9 אכלו ושתו ונִשְׁתַּכְּרוּ וכ׳ they ate and drank, and became drunk, and acted disgracefully. Num. R. s. 10⁸ דברים שלא יִשְׁתַּכֵּר מהם things from which one cannot become intoxicated; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁכַר Pa. שַׁכֵּר to make drunk. Lev. R. s. 12 אשקוניה ושַׁכְּרוּנֵיה וכ׳ they gave him drink, and made him drunk, and carried him out &c. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּכַּר to drink freely. Ber. 9ᵃ אִשְׁתַּכּוּר בהלולא וכ׳ they drank freely at the wedding of &c. (and slept beyond the time of prayer). ↗ expanded

שֵׁכָר preced.) intoxicating drink. Num. R. s. 10⁸ (ref. to Num. VI, 3) והלא יין הוא ש׳ וש׳ וכ׳ are not yayin and shekhar the same?; יין זה חי וש׳ זה מזוג yayin is unmixed wine, and shekhar is mixed wine; a. e.—Esp. beer of dates or barley. Pes. III, 1 ש׳ המדי Median beer, expl. ib. 42ᵇ דרמו ביה מי שערי date beer into which they put a concoction of barley. Ib. 107ᵃ אין מקדשין על הש׳ you must not pronounce the Ḳiddush (קִידּוּשׁ) over beer; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁכְרָא Targ. Prov. XX, 1. Ib. XXXI, 4; 6; a. fr.—Pes. 107ᵃ לא הוה לן חמרא … ש׳ we had no wine, and we offered him beer (for Habdalah). Ib. אישתי … ולא אישתי ש׳ I would rather drink flax-water than drink beer; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁכָּרָא m. = h. שִׁכּוֹר. Tanḥ. Sh’mini 11 וקורין בתרוי חזו ש׳ and they cried after him, see that drunken man! ↗ expanded

שִׁכָּרוּת (preced. wds.) fulness, plenty. Succ. 49ᵇ (ref. to Num. XXVIII, 7). לשון שתייה לשון שביעה לשון ש׳ expressing drinking, fill, plenty; Y. ib. IV, 54ᵈ top לשון חיבה … ש׳; Num. R. s. 21¹⁷; Tanḥ. Pinḥ. 12; a. e., v. רְוִיָּה. drunkenness. Num. R. s. 10² [read:] מנבל פיו ומדבר דברים רעים בש׳ וכ׳ he defiles his mouth and talks bad words in his drunkenness, and is not ashamed. Ib.⁸ עמדו … מתוך הש׳ they stood up and smote one another in their drunkenness. Erub. 65ᵃ ל"ש … לשִׁיכָּרוּתוֹ של לוט וכ׳ this (that the drunken man can be held to legal responsibility) has been taught only, when he has not reached the degree of Lot’s drunkenness (unconsciousness), but when he has &c. B. Mets. 90ᵇ (ref. to Lev. X, 9) בשעת ביאה לא תהא ש׳ at the time of entering (the Temple for service) no effect of the wine should be felt; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁכְשׁוּךְ (שִׁכְשֵׁךְ II) dabbling. Ab. Zar. 58ᵃ וכי ש׳ עושה יין נסך Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; ed. והא מר הוא דאמר שיכשך אין וכ׳, read: שיכשוך) does dabbling (in wine) make it forbidden (v. נֶסֶךְ)?—Ib. 57ᵇ, v. שַׁכְשֵׁךְ. ↗ expanded

שִׁכְשֵׁךְ 1 (v.שָׁכַךְ) to quiet, soothe, pat. Tanḥ. ed. Bub., Ki Thetsé 6 מְשַׁכְשְׁכוֹ והוא בולם one pats him (the horse), and he kicks (v. בָּלַם II); Yalk. Deut. 938; Yalk. Ps. 719 משכשכתו (corr. acc.); Pesik. Zakh., p. 24ᵇ מְכַשְׁכְּשׁוֹ. ↗ expanded

שִׁכְשֵׁךְ 2 (transpos. of כשכש) to knock about, shake; to dabble. Men. 23ᵃ הוא עצמו מְשַׁכְשְׁכוֹ בשירי הלוג (Rashi seems to read: משפשפו) he himself wipes it (the meal offering) in the remainder of the Log of oil; Yalk. Lev. 474. Ab. Zar. 33ᵇ מְשַׁכְשְׁכָן במים וכ׳ he washes them (the vessels) in water, and they are permitted. Y. Ter. III, 42ᵃ bot. ואחרים מְשַׁכְשְׁכִין בו (not בהן) and other people dabble in it (put in vessels or their hands to lap of it); Tosef. ib. I, 8 משתמשין. ↗ expanded

שַׁכְשֵׁךְ Ab. Zar. 57ᵇ שדא ביה ידיה ש׳ ביה Ar. (ed. שדיה … שיכשוך, corr. acc.; Ms. M. ושִׁיכְשֵׁךְ, Hebr. form) he put his hand in and dabbled in it (v. preced.) ↗ expanded

שַׁל v. שַׁלְוָה) carelessness, negligence. Sot. 35ᵃ (expl. II Sam. VII, 7) על עיסקי שַׁלּוֹ for his careless handling (of the Ark); Num. R. s. 4²⁰; Yalk. Sam. 142; Num. R. s. 21¹² על השל מפני ששגגת וכ׳ ‘for the carelessness’, because an involuntary act of a scholar counts as a wilful act. ↗ expanded

שַׁל ² , v. שַׁלְצִיּוֹן ↗ expanded

שֶׁל , v. שֶׁ־) belonging to, of. Ab. II, 2 בנו של ר׳ וכ׳ the son of &c. Ib. 12 יהי ממון … כשֶׁלְּךָ let thy neighbor’s property be as dear to thee as thine own. Ib. V, 10 האומר שֶׁלִּי שלי ושֶׁלְּךָ שֶׁלָּךְ he who says, what is mine is mine, and what is thine is thine. B. Mets. I, 1 זה אומר כולה שלי וכ׳ one says, it belongs entirely to me &c. Ib. 30ᵃ שהיתה מלאכה שֶׁלּוֹ … משל חבירו when his own work is more valuable than that required for his neighbor, i.e. when by helping his neighbor he would lose more than he could save for his neighbor. Gen. R. s. 49 אמרו לו מה נאמר … שאכלנו מִשֶּׁלּוֹ they (the strangers entertained by Araham) said to him, what shall we say? Said he, say, blessed be the God of the world of whose belongings we have partaken; a. v. fr.—Kidd. 57ᵇ שחוט שלי בשלי וכ׳ (not לי) slaughter what is owing to me (the sacrifice) on what belongs to me (on Temple grounds), and what is for thee, on thy own ground. ↗ expanded

שְׁלָא , v. שְׁלֵי ↗ expanded

שַׁלְאֲהוּתָא (שַׁלְהֵי) weariness. Targ. Lam. III, 65 (ed. Vien. שלאח׳, corr. acc.; h. text תאל׳). ↗ expanded

שלאכא , v. שְׁלָבָא ↗ expanded

שְׁלַב , Pa. שַׁלֵּב (b. h. , v. לָבַב) to join, fit in with mortise and tenon. Part. pass. מְשַׁלַּב; pl. מְשַׁלְּבִין. Targ. O. Ex. XXVI, 17; XXXVI, 22.—Kidd. 73ᵇ top מְשַׁלְּבֵי הדמיה R. Ḥan. (ed. משלטי) if the limbs (of the exposed infant) are set (v. עָצַב). ↗ expanded

שַׁלְבּוּקִין (v. שִׁלְבֵּק) pustules. Targ. Y. II, Ex. IX, 9, sq. (Y. I שַׁלְפּוּקִין). ↗ expanded

שְׁלַבִּיּוֹת (שלב) wedges. Y. Succ. I, 52ᶜ top; ib. 52ᵇ bot. שלכ׳ (corr. acc.; Bab. Succ. 12ᵇ חיצין). ↗ expanded

שְׁלַבִּין mortised boards, steps of a ladder. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᵇ bot. ועושה אותן כמין ש׳ וכ׳ he gave them the form of mortised boards and joined them, so as to make them look like a ladder. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְבֵּק (cmp. Sam. שלבק, Ex. III, 3 ישתלבק, h. text יבער) to cause blisters. Y. Keth. V, 30ᵃ bot. מפני … ומְשַׁלְבֶּקֶת את חשפיות (ed. Krot. ומשלבקתן, corr. acc.) because it makes the mouth sore (v. סָרַח I), and blisters the lips; (Bab. ib. 61ᵇ מְשַׁרְבֵּט). ↗ expanded

שלברית , Y. Sot. II, 18ᵃ top, v. בְּרוֹת ↗ expanded

שלבת , Kel. XXV, 4, v. כַּתְּ ↗ expanded

שַׁלְבִּשׁ (cmp. שְׁלַב) to pass a bolt; to bolt (cmp. שְׁלַבִּיּוֹת). Targ. Y. Ex. XXVI, 28 (h. text מבריח). Ib. XXXVI, 33 לשַׁלְבָּשָׁא (not לשַׁלִּבְ׳; h. text לברח). V. שַׁלְוֵושׁ. ↗ expanded

שֶׁלֶג (b. h.) snow. Nidd. 17ᵃ ש׳ אינו לא אוכל וכ׳ snow belongs neither to the class of solid food nor of liquids (for Levitical law). Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵃ bot. two paths אחד … של ש׳ one of fire and the other of snow; Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXVIII. Tanḥ. R’eh 13, a. e., v. צַלְמָוֶת; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁלָגִים, שְׁלָגִין. Nidd. l. c. Tosef. Snh. II, 12. Pes. 94ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְגָא , v. אַשְׁלְגָא ↗ expanded

שֶׁלֶד (contr. of שחלד, v. חָלַד; cmp. שודא a. שוחדא) a mass of a burnt or decayed body distinguishable in shape and outlines. Nidd. 27ᵇ, sq. מת שנשרף ושִׁלְדּוֹ קיימת if a corpse has been burnt, and its remains have retained the shape of the body. M. Kat. 25ᵃ. Nidd. 56ᵃ שרץ שיבש ושלדו וכ׳ a creeping thing that is dried up, but whose shape is still discernible; a. e.—Pl. שְׁלָדוֹת. Lam. R. to IV, 17 רמז הקב"ה לשַׁלְדּוֹתֵיהֶן וכ׳ the Lord motioned to their (the drowned Egyptians’) remains, and they came up floating &c.; מה טיבן של ש׳ הללו what is the nature of these skeletons? ↗ expanded

שִׁלְדָּא , decayed carcass. Targ. Job XX, 23 (h. text לחום).—B. Kam. 31ᵇ, sq. דפסקה לאורחא כש׳ it blocks the road like a carcass.—Pl. שִׁלְדִּין, שִׁי׳; constr. שִׁלְדֵּי, שִׁי׳ flakes of flesh. Targ. Job XLI, 15 (some ed. שַׁלְדּי; h. text מפלי). ↗ expanded

שָׁלָה , v. שלי ↗ expanded

שְׁלָה (v. שָׁלֵו) to hang down; denom. שִׁלְהֵי. (denom. of שִׁלְהֵי) to end, complete. Targ. Is. X, 32 כד יִשְׁלֶה עלמא וכ׳ (prob. to be read: יַשְׁלֶה) when the world shall have completed its (Messianic) period; (Targ. Y. II, Ex. XII, 42 יַשְׁלִים). to be at ease; v. שַׁלְהַיָּא. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְהֵב (Shaf. of להב) to burn, glow. Part. pass. מְשׁוּלְהָב. Koh. R. to I, 5 ובשעה … הוא מש׳ (not משולהבת) when the sun wants to go forth, it is glowing hot. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְהֵב Targ. Ps. CVI, 18 (h. text להט). Ib. XXI, 10 Ms. (ed. סלעם; h. text בלע). Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּלְהַב to be burned; to flame. Targ. Y. Ex. XXXII, 1. Targ. O. ib. IX, 24 (h. text מתלקח׳). ↗ expanded

שַׁלְהֵבָא , v. שַׁלְהוֹבָא ↗ expanded

שַׁלְהֶבֶת preced. wds.) flame, flaming fire. B. Kam. 59ᵇ, a. e. מסר לו ש׳ if he gave him (the child &c.) flaming fire, opp. גחלת; v. לָבָה; Y. ib. VI, 5ᶜ top. Bets. V, 5 הגחלת … והש׳ בכל מקום if one takes burning coal from his neighbor on the Holy Day, he may carry it only as far as the owner is permitted to walk, but if he lights his own wood from the neighbor’s fire, he may carry it everywhere; a. fr.—Pl. שַׁלְהֲבוֹת, שַׁלְהוֹבוֹת. Pirké d’R. El. ch. LI מימי … שַׁלְהֲבוֹתָיו של שמש וכ׳ the waters of the ocean extinguish the flames of the sun, and it has no brightness and no flame the whole night; וכשיבא … ולובש שַׁלְהוֹבוֹתָיו וכ׳ and when it comes to the east, it bathes in a river of fire …, and puts on its flames and rises &c. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְהוֹבָא , m. ch. same. Targ. Y. Deut. IV, 11. Targ. Y. II, Ex. XIX, 18.—Pl. שַׁלְהוֹבִין, שַׁלְהוֹבַיָּא. Targ. Ps. XXIX, 7 (Ms. שלהובית). Targ. Is. XIII, 8. Ib. XXIX, 6. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְהוֹבִיתָא same. Targ. Y. Gen. XXX, 25. Targ. O. Ex. III, 2; a. fr.—Pl. שַׁלְהוֹבְיָין. Targ. Y. Ex. XX, 2, sq. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְהֲוֵי (שַׁלְהֵי) weariness. Targ. Is. VIII, 22. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְחֵי (used as sing.) (שְׁלָה) tail, end. Targ. II Chr. XX, 16.—Yeb. 115ᵃ בש׳ הלוליה (not הלולי) at the end of his wedding (when he was left alone with his bride). Yoma 29ᵃ ש׳ … קשיא וכ׳ (fem.), v. קַיְטָא. Ber. 40ᵇ, v. גּוֹפָן. B. Mets. 64ᵃ, v. פִּרְקָא; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְהֵי 1 (Shaf. of לְהֵי) to weary. Targ. Lam. III, 5 וש׳ אינון = ושַׁלְהֵיאִינוּן and wearied them (h. text ותלאה). Ib. 65 (not שלחי). Targ. Job XVI, 7 שַׁלְהֲיַינִי (ed. Wil. שילהיני, corr. acc.). Targ. Is. XXXII, 6; a. e.—Part. pass. מְשַׁלְהֵי; f. מְשַׁלְהֲיָא, מְשַׁלְהִיתָא; pl. מְשַׁלְהִין, מְשַׁלְהֲיָין, מְשַׁלְהַן. Targ. Gen. XXV, 29, sq. Targ. Is. XLIV, 12. Ib. XLI, 17. Targ. Prov. XXV, 25 (ed. Wil. מְשַׁלְהֲתָא). Targ. Deut. XXV, 18. Targ. Jud. VIII, 4, sq.; a. e.—Gen. R. s. 24 (transl. יעטוף, Is. LVII, 16) מש׳ ליה it (the wind) gets tired; Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵈ top; Koh. R. to I, 6; Yalk. Kings 219 משלהי. Koh. R. to III, 9 הוה עליל מש׳ מש׳ וכ׳ he used to come around exhausted (thirsty) and take it &c.—M. Kat. 2ᵃ (quot. fr. Targ. O. Deut. XXV, 18). Ishtaf. אִשְׁתַּלְהֵי to be wearied, faint. Targ. Ps. CII, 1. Ib. LXVIII, 10; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְהֵי 2 (preced.) = משלהי, tired. Targ. I Chr. XXI, 12.—Pl. שַׁלְהֵי. Ber. 6ᵃ הני ברכי דש׳ (Ms. M. margin דמשלהי) those knees that are wearied. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְהַיָּא (שְׁלָה) careless ease, security, arrogance. Targ. Job XXX, 5 (Levy quotes שַׁלְהֲיָיא f. sing.; h. text גֵּו). ↗ expanded

שַׁלְהֵיבָא , v. שַׁלְהוֹבָא ↗ expanded

שַׁלְהַיָּיא , v. שׁלְהַיָּא ↗ expanded

שְׂלָו , v. שְׂלָיו ↗ expanded

שָׁלֵו v. שְׁלָה) [to be lax,] to rest, be at ease, careless. Gen. R. s. 84 (ref. to Job III, 26) לא שָׁלַוְתִּי מעשו וכ׳ I was not at ease on account of Esau, neither was I secure on account of Laban. ↗ expanded

שָׁלֵו ² preced.) at ease, secure. Yalk. Gen. 138 בטח ושאנן וש׳ in safety, without care, and at ease; (Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXXVIII only בטח ושאנן). ↗ expanded

שָׁלוּ , v. שָׁלוּתָא ↗ expanded

שְׁלֵיָא , v. שְׁלֵיוָא ↗ expanded

שְׁלוּב , v. שְׁלִיבָה ↗ expanded

שַׁלְוָה preced. art.) security, ease, contentment, happiness. Gen. R. s. 84 בשעה … יושבין בש׳ וכ׳ when the righteous dwell at ease, and desire to remain at ease in this world, Satan comes &c. Ab. IV, 15 אין … משַׁלְוַת הרשעים וכ׳ it is beyond our power to understand why the wicked are at ease, or why the righteous suffer. Gen. R. s. 49 עיקר שַׁלְוָותָהּ של סדום וכ׳ the real undisturbed prosperity of Sodom lasted only &c. Gen. R. s. 10, end, v. שַׁאֲנָן. Num. R. s. 12³ רק בעיניך תביט שַׁלְוָתְךָ ‘thou shalt behold with thine eyes’ (Ps. XCI, 8) thy happiness. Yoma 86ᵇ, v. תַּקָּלָה; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְוָה ² Targ. Lam. I, 5, Targ. Ps. LXXVIII, 12. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVII, 1; a. e.; v. שְׁלֵיוָא II ↗ expanded

שְׁלֵוָוא , v. שְׁלִיוָא ↗ expanded

שַׁלְוָוה , v. שַׁלְוָה ↗ expanded

שַׁלְוֵושׁ (v. שְׁלַב, a. שַׁלְבֵּשׁ) to fit in with mortise and tenon.—Part. pass. מְשַׁלְוַושׁ; f. מְשַׁלְוְושָׁא; pl. מְשַׁלְוְושִׁין; מְשַׁלְוְושָׁן. Targ. Y. Ex. XXVI, 17; XXXVI, 22 Ar. (Ar. Ms. quot. in Levy Targ. Dict. מִשְׁתַּלְוְושָׁן Ithpa.; ed. מכוונן; h. text משלבות). ↗ expanded

שַׁלְוְותָא , v. שַׁלְוָה ch. ↗ expanded

שְׁלֵוְותָּא , v. שְׁלֵיוָא I, II. ↗ expanded

שִׁלוֹחַ , v. sub שִׁיל׳. ↗ expanded

שָׁלוּחַ (שָׁלַח) messenger, agent, deputy. Kidd. II, 1 האיש … ובשְׁלוּחוֹ; האשה … ובשְׁלוּחָהּ, v. קָדַשׁ. Ber. V, 5, a. fr. שלוחו של וכ׳, v. כְּמוֹת; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁלוּחִים, שְׁלוּחִין. R. Hash. I, 3, sq. הש׳ יוצאין the messengers went out (to announce the New Moon). Succ. 10ᵇ; 26ᵃ אנן שְׁלוּחֵי מצוה אנן we are out on a religious message. Ḥull. 142ᵃ, a. e., v. נָזַק; a. fr.—[ pressed olive, v. שׁלַח II. ditch, v. שֶׁלַח III.] ↗ expanded

שְׁלוּחָא , messenger &c. Meïl. 21ᵇ מאן דאמר לשְׁלוּחֵיה וכ׳ if one says to his commissioner &c.; a. e.—Pl. שְׁלוּחִין. Targ. Is. XLIV, 26 (ed. Lag. שְׁלִיח׳), v. שְׁלַח. ↗ expanded

שִׁלוֹחָא , v. שִׁילוֹחָא ↗ expanded

שִׁלּוּט , v. שִׁילּוּט ↗ expanded

שלוטחית , v. שַׁלְפּוּחִית ↗ expanded

שְׁלוּכְתָּא (a fictitious word, as if fr. שָׁלַךְ) cast away. Erub. 53ᵇ a Galilean woman (that wanted to say sh’lubti, my attached friend, v. שְׁלַב) said שְׁלוּכְתִּי וכ׳ (Ms. M. שְׁלוּוְתִּי?) my cast-away &c., v. לַבָּא. ↗ expanded

שִׁלּוּלָא (שְׁלַל) embryo, birth. Targ. Y. I Deut. XIV, 7.—V. שְׁלִילָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁלוּלִית (שָׁלַל II) pool, pond, rivulet. Peah II, 1 הנחל והש׳ a brook or a pool; B. Bath. 55ᵃ; B. Kam. 61ᵃ, expl. ib. מקום … שוללין שם a place where the rain makes booty (inroads); oth. expl. אמת המים שמחלקת שלל וכ׳ a water arm which imparts &c., v. אֲגַף; Men. 71ᵇ; Sifra K’dosh. Par. 1, ch. II. Tosef. B. Kam. VI, 23; Y. ib. VI, end, 5ᶜ; Bab. ib. 61ᵃ עברה נהר או ש׳ וכ׳ if the fire crosses a river or a pool eight cubits wide. deposit after inundation, alluvium. B. Mets. 21ᵇ בשְׁלוּלִיתוֹ של נהר, v. זֶוֶט; Tosef. ib. II, 2 משלוליתו של ים ומשׁלוליתו של נהר (Var. משניתו … ומשניתו) from the deposits of the tide or &c. Y. B. Kam. X, 7ᵇ bot. משְׁלִילִית, v. שְׁנוּנִית. ↗ expanded

שָׁלוֹם 1 peace, salvation; salutation. Lev. R. s. 9 גדול ש׳ … חותמין בש׳ peace is something great, for all benedictions, good tidings, and consolations … close with peace. Num. R. s. 21, beg. אין כלי … אלא ש׳ no vessel contains blessing but peace; Ukts. III, 12, a. e., v. חָזַק. Ber. 14ᵃ משיב ש׳ וכ׳ may return a salutation to any person. Ib. כל הנותן ש׳ וכ׳ he who offers salutation to his neighbor before prayer, is considered as if he made him a highplace (worshipping man before God). Shebi. IV, 3 ושואלין בשְׁלוֹמָן מפני דרכי ש׳ and you must salute them (gentiles in the field) &c., v. דֶּרֶךְ; Y. ib. 35ᵇ מהו שואלין בשלומן בשְׁלוֹם ישראל ש׳ עליכם how must we salute them? As we salute Israelites, ‘peace be upon you.’ Tam. I, 3 הגיעו … אמרו ש׳ הכל ש׳ when they (the two parties patrolling the Temple) met, they said, ‘peace?’ (answer) ‘all peace’ (everything is in good order); Lev. R. l. c. Sifra Vayikra, Par. 13, ch. XVI מי שהוא ש׳ וכ׳ he who is at peace offers peace-offerings, opp. אונן; v. שָׁלֵם. Ib. the peace-offerings are called sh’lamim, שהכל ש׳ בהן because everything in them is at peace (is turned to use; Yalk. Lev. 458 מְשׁוּלָּמִים). Ber. 39ᵇ (play on the name שלמן) ש׳ אתה וכ׳ thou art peace (perfection), and thy teaching is perfect (v. שָׁלֵם); a. v. fr.—חס וש׳, v. חַס. (adv.) safely, unimpaired. T’bul Yom IV, 7, a. e. שתעלה ש׳ that it will be brought up safely, v. שֶׁבֶר I.—Pl. שְׁלוֹמוֹת. Num. R. s. 13¹⁶ עושה שני ש׳ וכ׳ produces two conditions of peace, peace above and peace below. Yalk. Is. 340 ארבעה רוב ש׳ וכ׳ (not שלומית) four times in the Scriptures ‘peace’ appears in connection with ‘abundance.’—Ch. v. שְׁלָמָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁלוֹם 2 אִימָּא ש׳ Imma (Mother) Shalom, wife of R. Eliezer. Y. Shebi. VI, 36ᶜ top. Erub. 63ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁלּוּם , v. שִׁילּוּם ↗ expanded

שַׁלּוּם (b. h.) pr. n. m. Shallum, husband of Huldah the prophetess. Meg. 14ᵇ (counted among the prophets). Yalk. Kings 233. name of several Amoraim. Lev. R. s. 26 רב ש׳. Pesik. R. s. 3 יהודה הלוי ברבי ש׳; ib. s. 5; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁלוֹמִי pr. n. pl., v. שׁוּלָמִי ↗ expanded

שְׁלוֹנַאי Sh’lonai, legendary name of Balak’s daughter (v. שְׁוִילְנַאי). Targ. Y. Num. XXV, 15. ↗ expanded

שְׁלוֹף (שְׁלַף, דּוּץ) [pull out, stick in,] a popular name for Cimolia (v. קִימוֹלְיָא). Sabb. 90ᵃ (Ms. M. רוץ, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); Nidd. 62ᵃ.—[Yeb. 109ᵇ, v. שְׁלַף.] ↗ expanded

שָׁלוּף , pl. constr. שְׁלוּפֵי, v. שְׁלַף ↗ expanded

שְׁלוֹפָאפֵי , v. שַׁלְפּוּפֵי ↗ expanded

שָׁלוּק (שָׁלַק) boiled preserves.—Pl. שְׁלוּקִים, שׁלוּקִין. Y. Sabb. I, 3ᶜ bot. שְׁלוּקֵיהֶן boiled preserves made by gentiles. ↗ expanded

שְׁלוֹק , v. שְׁלַק ↗ expanded

שלות , Kel. XXV, 4 Bart., 8. כַּחְּ. ↗ expanded

שָׁלוּתָא (שְׁלֵי II) neglect, error, forgetfulness (corresp. to h. שְׁגָגָה). Targ. Lev. IV, 2 (Y. ed. Vien. שִׁלּוּ). Ib. V, 18. Targ. Num. XV, 24, sq.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְוְתָא , v. שַׁלְוָה ch. ↗ expanded

שָׁלַח to draw out; to stretch forth; to send. Erub. III, 2 השׁוֹלֵחַ ערובו וכ׳ if one sends his ‘Erub (עֵרוּב) forth to be laid by a deaf and dumb person. Ḥull. 59ᵇ, a. fr. שָׁלְחוּ מתם they sent word from there (from Palestine to Babylonia). Gitt. IV, 1 השולח גט וכ׳ if a man sends a letter of divorce to his wife &c. B. Kam. VI, 4, v. בְּעֵרָה. Ib. ש׳ ביד פיקח (ib. 60ᵃ שִׁילֵּחַ) if he sent out fire through a sane person; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁלוּחַ q. v.—ש׳ יד ב־ [to stretch out a hand against,] to make illegitimate use of, to misappropriate (Ex. XXII, 10). B. Mets. III, 12 השולח יד בפקדון if a person makes use of a trust. Ib. החושב לִשְׁלוֹחַ יד וכ׳ if he declares his intention to use a trust; אינו חייב עד שיִשְׁלַח בו יד he is not responsible (for loss), until he has used it; a. fr. Pi. שִׁלֵּחַ same, to send; to send away, dismiss. Bets. I, 9 אין מְשַׁלְּחִין בי"ט וכ׳ on the Holy Day you dare not send (to a friend) anything except portions (of eatables, ready for use); משלחין בהמה וכ׳ you may send cattle … alive or slaughtered. Ḥull. XII, 3 שִׁלְּחָהּ וחזרה if he sent the mother bird away, and she came back. Ib. אמר … ומְשַׁלֵּחַ הבנים if he says, I will take the mother, and send the young away; חייב לשַׁלֵּחַ he is bound to send her away. Gen. R. s. 21 שִׁלְּחוֹ מגן … ושלחו וכ׳ he banished him (Adam) from the paradise of this world and from that of the other world; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּלֵּחַ, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּלֵּחַ to be sent off; to be commissioned. Yoma VI, 2, a. e. המִשְׁתַּלֵּחַ the goat that is to be sent away (Lev. XVI, 10), the scapegoat. Ib. 1 נשפך … המשתלח if the blood (of the goat designated for sacrifice) was spilt, the scapegoat is to be put to death (cannot be used for the ceremony). Gen. R. s. 49 מעשה באחד שנש׳ לגבות וכ׳ it happened that one was commissioned to tax the inhabitants &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁלַח to send, send off. Targ. Num. XIII, 2. Targ. O. ib. 16. Targ. Ps. XLIV, 3 Ms. (ed. פסד׳). Targ. Jer. XLII, 6 שָׁלְחִין (not שולחין); a. fr.—Part. pass. שְׁלִיחַ; f. שְׁלִיחָא; pl. שְׁלִיחִין, שְׁלִיחָן. Ob. I, 1. Targ. Is. XLIV, 26 שְׁלִיחוֹהִי ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. שְׁלוּח׳). Targ. I Chr. XIV, 15; a. fr.—Ber. 28ᵃ ש׳ להו וכ׳ R. J. sent them word to the school house; a. fr.—Koh. R. to III, 2 שְׁלִיחְהוֹן דברייתא the messenger of men (men’s guardian angel). to throw off, undress, flay (cmp. פָּשַׁט). Targ. Esth. V, 14. Targ. Is. XXXII, 11. Targ. II Chr. XXIX, 34; a. fr.—Ber. l. c. שְׁלַח מדך take off thy cloak (v. מַדָּא). Y. Taan. III, end, 67ᵃ הוה ש׳ מסאניה he took off one shoe; כד הוה ש׳ תריהון when he had taken off both of them; a. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Sot. 8ᵇ (proverbial expression) ש׳ ערטילאי וכ׳ undressed, naked, but with shoes on (a person cares more for shoes than for any other article of dress); Keth. 65ᵇ top האי תנא ש׳ וכ׳ this Tannai (who gave the wife the right to ask for three pairs of shoes and one suit of clothes) seems to assume that a woman cares more for shoes &c. Koh. R. to V, 10 איך אינון אתיין שליחין וכ׳ (not שלו׳) how will they come (on resurrection day), naked, or dressed? Ib. היך זרעתין ש׳ וכ׳ how didst thou plant them (the beans), undressed or dressed (in the pods)? a. e. Pa. שַׁלֵּחַ to send; to send off, dismiss. Targ. O. Lev. XVI, 21, sq. Targ. O. Ex. VIII, 17; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשַׁלַּח; f. מְשַׁלְּחָא &c. Targ. O. Gen. XXXII, 19. to strip, undress. Y. R. Hash. II, 58ᵇ top ובטול … יְשַׁלַּח and in the shade of the fig tree he (the ox) would shed his skin (feeling warm, he would rub himself against the tree); Snh. 18ᵇ. Sabb. 33ᵇ הוו מְשַׁלְּחֵי מנייהו used to put off their clothes. Shebu. 41ᵃ צורבא דרבנן משלח וכ׳ may a scholar strip a man of his cloak? (i.e. should a scholar as such have any prerogatives in law?); a. fr. Af. אַשְׁלַח to send off, let loose. Targ. O. Ex. VIII, 17. to strip, throw off; to flay. Targ. I Sam. XIX, 24. Targ. II Chr. XXXV, 11. Targ. Lev. I, 6 (Y. II ויחליש). Targ. Num. XX, 26; a. fr. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּלַּח to be sent, sent off. Targ. Jud. V, 15. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXII, 19; a. fr. to be stripped; to shed the skin. Ib. III, 21.—Ḥull. 59ᵃ מאן … מִישְׁתַּלַּח משכיה he who eats three Tiḳlas of asafoetida on an empty stomach, will shed his skin; ואי לא … מישת׳ משכאי had I not sat in water, I should have &c. ↗ expanded

שֶׁלַח 1 (preced.) hide, fresh skin. Makhsh. V, 6 החובט על הש׳ he who beats upon a (wetted) hide. Bekh. IX, 4 נשחטה … והש׳ קיים when its mother has been killed, but the hide is still intact. Tosef. Sabb. VIII (IX), 1; a. e.—Pl. שְׁלָחִין. Sabb. IV, 2 טומנין בש׳ you may keep dishes warm (for the Sabbath) in fresh hides. Ib. 49ᵃ ש׳ של בעה"ב hides belonging to a private man; של אומן to a mechanic (shoemaker &c.). Ib.ᵇ הביאו ש׳ וכ׳ bring us hides to sit down on them; a. e. ↗ expanded

שֶׁלַח (שָׁלַח) [stripped of its skin,] a pressed olive the stone of which slips out at a touch.—Pl. שְׁלָחִין, שְׁלוּ׳. Ab. Zar. II, 7 (39ᵇ; Mish. a. Y. ed. שלו׳). Ib. 40ᵇ היכי דמי ש׳ וכ׳ when are they called Sh’laḥin? When the stone slips out as you take the olive in your hand. ↗ expanded

שֶׁלַח 3 , pl. שְׁלָחִין (tradit. pronunc. שַׁלְחִין) (שלח; cmp. Job V, 10, a. Neh. III, 15) arms, ditches for irrigation; בית הש׳ (שדה) a field which needs irrigation, opp. בית הבעל (v. בַּעַל). M. Kat. I, 1. Tosef. ib. I, 1 שדה בית הש׳ שחרבה a field dependent on irrigation which has become dry. Ib. 4 השלוחין ed. Zuck. (Var. השלח׳). M. Kat. 2ᵃ מאי משמע דהאי בית הש׳ לישנא דצחותא וכ׳ what evidence is there that beth hash-sh’laḥin has the meaning of thirstiness (dryness)? Answ. ref. to מְשַׁלְהֵי for עָיֵף (v. שַׁלְהֵי I). B. Bath. IV, 7 בית הש׳ the fields belonging to a township; expl. ib. 68ᵃ באגי fields, גינונייתא gardens (ref. to Cant. IV, 13). Ib. 99ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שֶׁלַח 4 (שָׁלַח) extension, stepping space or depth of a step. Midd. II, 3; III, 6 ושִׁלְחָהּ אמה and the depth of each step was one cubit, v. רוּם II. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְחָא = h. שֶׁלַח I. Men. 35ᵃ כי מיתלי ביה בש׳ וכ׳ when you hang a weight on (stretch) the leather, and it rebounds again, it is old.—Pl. שְׁלָחַיָּה. Y. Ned. VII, end, 40ᶜ כגון אילין ש׳ (ed. Zyt. שלחים, corr. acc.) as, for instance, hides (which are sometimes used for covers). ↗ expanded

שִׁלְחָא ² missile, lance. Targ. Job XXXIII, 18. Ib. XXXVI, 12 Var. Ms. (ed. זיני קרבא). ↗ expanded

שַׁלָּחָא (שִׁלְחָא I) worker in hides, tanner or saddler. Sabb. 49ᵇ top. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְחוֹפָא (שַׁלְחֵף) exchange, substitute, ransom. Targ. Prov. XXI, 18. Ib. ושלחופא ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. ושַׁלְחוֹפֵי pl.; some ed. שַׁלְחֵי׳). Targ. Job XX, 18. ↗ expanded

שלחופות , v. שַׁלְפּוּחִית ↗ expanded

שַׁלְחֵיף , v. שַׁלְחֵף ↗ expanded

שַׁלְחֵיפָא , v. שַׁלְחוֹפָא ↗ expanded

שֻׁלְחָן , v. sub שׁוּלְ׳. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְחֵף (Shaf. of חלף, transposed) to change, exchange; to lay crosswise. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXI, 7; 41. Targ. Y. Ex. XXXIV, 9, sq. Targ. Ps. XV, 4. Targ. Y. Gen. XLVIII, 14 Ar. (ed. פרג; h. text שִׂכֵּל); a. e.—B. Bath. 99ᵃ (ידייהו) ודילמא שַׁלְחוּפֵי הוו מְשַׁלְחֲפֵי may it not be that they (the Cherubim over the Ark) had their wings crosswise (overlapping each other)? Sabb. 96ᵇ ודילמא שלחופי הוו משלחפי may it not be that they (the weavers) sat in irregular lines (so that those sitting close together did not need to hinder one another in their work)? Ib. 98ᵇ דלא לִישְׁלְחוֹפִינְהוּ מהדדי (Ms. O. לישלופינהו; Yalk. Ex. 370 לישליפינהו) that they must not pile them irregularly. B. Mets. 25ᵃ משלחפי שלחופי (Ms. H. משלפי שלופי) the coins lie irregularly (some of them piled, others scattered). Nidd. 26ᵃ ומְשַׁלְחֵיף ליה וכ׳ (Ar. ומשחיף, corr. acc.) and lies across (overlapping) the head of the embryo. to pass quickly, overtake; [or to strike through]. Targ. Job XX, 24. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּלְחֵיף to be changed; to pass away; to be exchanged. Targ. Ps. XLVI, 3 (Ms. אִשְׁתַּחֲלִיפוּ; h. text בהמיר). Targ. Job XXIX, 20. Ib. XXVIII, 16; 19 (h. text תסלה). ↗ expanded

שלחת , Kel. XXV, 4 Ar., v. כַּתְּ ↗ expanded

שָׁלַט (b. h.) to handle; ש׳ ב־ (cmp. מָשַׁל) to rule, have power over. Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ top כאן האור שׁוֹלֵט וכ׳ here (in the case of bread) the fire comes in direct contact with it (and kills the poison of the serpent), there (in the case of water that has been warmed) the fire does not &c. Y. Maasr. I, 49ᵇ top כאן היד שׁוֹלֶטֶת וכ׳ here (in the case of a vessel into which a boiling dish has been put) the hand can handle it; there (in the case of a vessel taken directly from the fire) the hand cannot handle it; כאן וכאן אין היד שולטת בו in both cases the dish may be too hot for the hand to handle it; Y. Sabb. III, 6ᵇ top. Ib. במקום שהיד שולטת in a place (in the stove) which the hand can get at (to handle the dish placed there); ib. 5ᶜ מפני שהוא שַׁלִּיט במקום שהיד שולטת because he keeps control (to regulate the temperature of the dish) there where the handling is possible. Y. B. Mets. X, beg. 12ᶜ ששולטת היד מצר אחד that the hand can reach it from one side. Ḥull. 16ᵇ; Sabb. 82ᵃ דבר שהאור שולטת בו a thing over which fire has power (which is combustible). Ib. רוח רעה שולטת בו an evil spirit (smell of the mouth) will seize him; רוח זוהמא ש׳ בו (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 30) the spirit of zohăma (internal decay) will seize him. Gen. R. s. 45) שָׁלְטוּ בעצמן they controlled themselves (interrupted their gratification). Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵇ top שולט באיפרכיא וכ׳ if he rules over one province, he does not rule over another province. Gen. R. s. 3 ביום אני שולט I want to rule (have the guard) in day time; (Y. Ber. VIII, 12ᶜ top משמש). Pesik. R. s. 31 אתם שְׁלַטְתֶּם בעצמיכם וכ׳ (not באצבעותיכם) you had power over yourselves and cut your fingers off; a. v. fr. Pi. שִׁלֵּט same. Y. Naz. IV, 53ᵇ במְשַׁלֶּטֶת על נכסיו when she manages her husband’s property (has power of attorney). Hif. הִשְׁלִיט to give power to, make a ruler. Gen. R. s. 59 (ref. to Gen. XXIV, 1) שהִשְׁלִיטוֹ ביצרו God made him master over his inclinations; Yalk. ib. 103. Num. R. s. 14⁶ השליטו על ארץ וכ׳ the Lord made him governor of the land of Egypt; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּלֵּט, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּלֵּט to be given power; to be empowered to manage. Y. Keth. IX, 33ᵃ bot. נכסים שׁנִשְׁתַּלְּטָה בהן בחיי וכ׳ property which she had been authorized to manage during her husband’s lifetime; ib. 33ᵇ top. ↗ expanded

שְׁלַט Targ. Gen. I, 16. Targ. O. Ex. XXI, 8 (h. text בבגדו). Targ. Jud. VIII, 21 (h. text פגע); a. fr. Pa. שַׁלֵּט same, to handle.—Part. pass. מְשַׁלַּט; pl. מְשַׁלְּטֵי. Kidd. 73ᵇ top מש׳ הדמיה if the limbs of the infant have been manipulated, v. שְׁלַב. Af. אַשְׁלֵט to give power, appoint. Targ. II Chr. XIII, 5. Targ. Am. IV, 1. Targ. Koh. VI, 2; a. fr. Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּלַט to be made, or make one’s self a ruler. Targ. Prov. XVII, 2. ↗ expanded

שֶׁלֶט preced.), pl. שְׁלָטִים (cmp. כֶּלִי) armor, shields; trnsf. arm-bearers; (homilet.) the righteous as the protectors of their generation. Cant. R. to IV, 4 כל שִׁלְטֵי … שהוא עומד וישלט וכ׳ ‘all armors of the mighty’, this includes all those who control their inclinations &c.; Yalk. ib. 988. Cant. R. l. c. ולא אתם … אלא כל שלטי וכ׳ and not you yourselves (directly) are suspended on it (enjoy the protection of the Law), but only ‘all the shields of the mighty’ … as Moses in his time &c. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְטָא ; pl. שְׁלָטַיָּא, constr. שִׁלְטֵי, שִׁי׳. Targ. II Sam. VIII, 7. Targ. II Kings XI, 10. Targ. Ez. XXVII, 11. Targ. Jer. LI, 11; a. e.—Ib. XIII, 23 שלטי רקמתיה his checkered armor (the leopard’s skin; h. text חברברתיו). ↗ expanded

שִׁלְטוֹן preced. wds.) rulership. Sifré Deut. 321; Yalk. ib. 945 שִׁלְטוֹנָן, v. עֶכֶן. (sub. בעל) ruler, governor. Sifra B’ḥuck. Par. 1, ch. III ש׳ אחד בא … זה שׁוּלְטָן וכ׳ one governor comes and subjugates (Israel), and goes away, and another governor comes &c. Tanḥ. Vayera 19 (ref. to Koh. VIII, 4) ש׳ הוא ואין וכ׳ God is the ruler, and none can protest against him. Y. Ber. VIII, 12ᵃ top מלך יוצא וש׳ נכנס וכ׳ when the king goes out, and the governor comes in, they escort the king first, and then they lead the governor in (the benediction for the exit of the Sabbath must precede that for the entrance of the Holy Day). Y. Sot. IX, 24ᵇ top; Tosef. ib. XV, 7. Y. Kidd. III, 64ᵇ top במה שאדבר עליך לש׳ (be betrothed unto me) for the consideration that I shall speak to the governor in thy behalf; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁלְטוֹנִים, שִלְטוֹנִין, שִׁי׳. Gen. R. s. 82 עד היכן היו מלכיות וש׳ רוצים וכ׳ how anxious courts and governors were to be connected with him (v. שׁוּלְטָנוּת). Ib. הוא היה … הש׳ he (Lotan) was one of the governors (ref. to אלוף, Gen. XXXVI, 29); a. fr.—[Gen. R. s. 93 שני שי׳ זולגות דם, read with Yalk. Job 897: עינו של ימין זולגת דם.]—Fem. שִׁלְטוֹנִית, שִׁי׳; pl. שִׁלְטוֹנִיּוֹת, שִׁי׳. Pesik. R. s. 42 שהיו השילטונים והש׳ מחסדים וכ׳ (or מחסדות, not מחסר׳) the governors and their wives insulted Sarah &c.—[Gen. R. s. 82 שלטוניות, ed. Wil., v. שׁוּלְטָנוּת.] ↗ expanded

שִׁלְטוֹן ² Targ. O. Gen. XLIX, 9. Targ. Mic. VI, 9; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁלְטוֹנִין, שִׁלְטוֹנַיָּא, שִׁי׳. Targ. Is. VII, 20. Ib. XIV, 8. Targ. Ez. XXIX, 4; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שלטוניה , Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵇ bot., v. סִלְבּוֹנַיָּא ↗ expanded

שִׁלְטוֹנִית , v. שִׁלְטוֹן ↗ expanded

שֳׁלְטַן , v. sub שׁוּלְטָ׳. ↗ expanded

שלי Job XXVII, 8) to draw out, pull. Taan. 24ᵃ; Sabb. 107ᵇ השׁוֹלֶה דג וכ׳ he that takes a fish out of the water (on the Sabbath). Ḥull. 63ᵃ (expl. שָׁלָךְ, Lev. XI, 17) זה השולה דגים וכ׳ that is the bird that catches fish out of the sea. M. Kat. II, 3 ושולה פשתנו וכ׳ and may take his flax out of the pond. Yalk. Koh. 966 אדם שוקע … שולה ראשון if one sinks pots into his furnace, he takes out first what he has last put in; a. fr.—[Y. Maas. Sh. III, 53ᶜ top שולה, read: שורה, v. שָׁרָה.] Pi. שִׁילָּה same, esp. to draw wine (out of the pit). Ab. Zar. 56ᵃ; B. Mets. 92ᵇ היין … משׁיְשַׁלֶּה בחביות wine is subject to tithes …, when he fills it into kegs; Y. Ter. II, 41ᵇ bot. משישלה ומשיקפה (not משיקיפה) when he has filled and skimmed it; עד שלא שי׳ וכ׳ before he filled or skimmed it. Tosef. Maasr. I, 7 המקדיש … עד שלא שילה וקיפה מששילה וקיפה וכ׳ (ed. Zuck. שולה וקופה וכ׳, corr. acc.) if one dedicates the contents of a pit before he has drawn and skimmed the wine, and the Temple collector comes after he has done so &c.; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁלֶה to be pulled, drawn away. Gen. R. s. 22, beg. (ref. to Gen. IV, 1) ידע מאיזו שלוה נ׳ he knew from what happiness he was drawn away (through his wife). ↗ expanded

שְׁלֵי Targ. Y. Lev. XI, 17; Deut. XIV, 17 שָׁלֵי נונא (some ed., a. O. שְׁלֵינוּנָא, שַׁלֵּינ׳, שָׁלֵינ׳; h. text שָׁלָךְ), v. preced. ↗ expanded

שלי ² II, v. שָׁלֵו ↗ expanded

שְׁלֵי ² (v. שְׁלָה) [to be lax,] to be at ease, quiet, unconcerned. Targ. Job III, 17. Ib. 25. Targ. II Esth. IV, 14 (h. text החרש); a. fr. to neglect, forget. Targ. Ps. IX, 13 (h. text שכח). Targ. Job VIII, 13. Ib. XXXIX, 15; a. e. to be unaware, err, make a mistake (corresp. to h. שגג, שגה). Ib. VI, 24. Ib. XII, 16. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 67 שָׁלֵי (Ms. שָׁאלֵי); a. e. Af. אַשְׁלֵי to let go, leave off; to abandon, neglect. Ib. XXXIX, 14. Ib. IX, 18. Ib. XLIV, 10. Targ. Prov. I, 30. Ib. V, 12 (ed. Lag. אַסְלֵי); a. fr. to cause to err, let go astray. Targ. Job XII, 16. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 10. Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּלֵי to be abandoned, forgotten. Ib. IX, 19. to let one’s self go, err, forget. Targ. Lev. IV, 13; V, 18. Targ. Ez. XLV, 20. Targ. Jer. XXIX, 26 (h. text משגע); a. e.—Ber. 53ᵇ אכיל וא׳ ולא וכ׳ he ate and through forgetfulness failed to say grace. Ab. Zar. 72ᵇ דילמא מִשְׁתְּלִיתוּ וכ׳ you may forget yourselves (or relax) aud throw the entire weight upon him. Yeb. 115ᵇ אִישְׁתַּלּוּיֵי אי׳ (not אישתלוי) he may have been careless (or have forgotten, to wipe off the mark). ↗ expanded

שֶׁלִי preced.) unconcern; mistake.—מִשּׁ׳ unexpectedly, by chance. Tanḥ. M’tsorʿa 1; ed. Bub. 3; Yalk. Lev. 558, v. מַרְדּוּת I. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְיָא quiet, unconcern. Targ. II Sam. III, 27 (ed. Wil. שֵׁלַיָּא, corr. acc.). (corresp. to b. h. שֹׁאָה, פּתְאֹם) unexpected event, suddenness, sudden calamity. Targ. Prov. III, 25 דמן ש׳ ed. Lag. (oth. ed. ומן ש׳ corr. acc.). Ib. VI, 15. Ib. XXIV, 22 בש׳ (not כש׳). Ib. I, 27 בש׳ (h. text כשאה). Targ. Ps. XXXV, 8; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְיָא ² (שָׁלָה II, שָׁלֵו; cmp. Zeph. I, 12; Jer. XLVIII, 11) sediment, dregs. Tosef. B. Bath. V, 7 של יין משתיעשה ש׳ (Var. משעשה) the merchant’s wine measures must be cleaned as soon as sediment is formed (which diminishes their capacity). ↗ expanded

שִׁלְיָא ³ after-birth, placenta. Nidd. III, 4 (Ar., everywhere, שליה; Y. ed. שילייא, שיליא). Tosef. ib. IV, 9; Nidd. 26ᵃ. Lev. R. s. 35 נוח לו שנהפכה שִׁלְיָתוֹ וכ׳ it would have been better for him, had the after-birth in which he lay been turned over his face; Y. Ber. I, 3ᵇ שיליתו; Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXIX שלייתו של אמו (read: שִׁלְיָיתָהּ, or omit של אמו); a. fr.—Y. Maas. Sh. II, 53ᶜ חוץ משליתה, v. שְׁרִיָּיה.—Ch. v. שִׁלְיְתָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁלִיאָיִית adv. (שְׁלֵי II, v. שִׁלְיָא I) without concern, unawares. Targ. Prov. VII, 22 (ed. Wil. שְׁלִיָאִית; h. text פתאם). ↗ expanded

שְׁלִיבָה (שָלַב) [what is fitted in,] shelf; step, rundle. Macc. 7ᵇ היה … ונשמטה ש׳ וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. נשמט הש׳, corr. acc.) if one is going up a ladder, and a rundle slips from under him &c. Y. Erub. VII, beg. 24ᵇ בין ש׳ לש׳ וכ׳ between each two steps a space of less than &c. Ib. ש׳ עבה a wide-stepped ladder or stair; a. e.—Pl. שְׁלִיבוֹת, שְׁלִיבִים. Bab. Erub. 77ᵇ סולם שׁשְׁלִיבוֹתָיו פורחות an ascent with flying steps, i.e. stairs without foundation and back, step-ladder, opp. to a solid stair-case. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵇ אחר שְׁלִיבָיו it depends on the material of its steps (or shelves); Bab. Sabb. 60ᵃ שליבותיו; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 13 השְׁלוּבִים, השְׁלוּבִין, v. קוּלָב I. ↗ expanded

שְׁלִיבַיָּא , fitted-in pieces, ledges. Targ. I Kings VII, 28, sq. (h. text שְׁלַבִּים). ↗ expanded

שליברות , v. בְּרוֹת ↗ expanded

שִׁלְיָה , v. שִׁלְיָא III ↗ expanded

שְׂלָיו (b. h.) quail, v. סְלָיו.—Pl. שַׂלְוִים. Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 35 והים מעלה להם ש׳ and the sea brought up quails for them; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁלֵיו , v. שָׁלֵו ↗ expanded

שְׁלֵיו = h. שָׁלֵו, secure, unconcerned. Targ. Job XXI, 23. Ib. XVI, 12. Ib. XX, 20 (ed. Wil. שְׁלָיו); a. e.—Fem. שְׁלֵיוָא, שְׁלֵיוְיָא, שְׁלֵיוְתָּא. Targ. Zech. VII, 7. Targ. Jer. XXII, 21 (ed. Wil. שְׁלֵיוַיָא; ed. Lag. שְׁלֵוָוא). Targ. I Chr. IV, 40; a. e.—Pl. שְׁלֵיוִין, שְׁלֵוִין; שְׁלֵיוָן, שְׁלֵוו׳. Targ. Job XII, 6. Targ. Is. XXXII, 9; 11; 18, v. next w. ↗ expanded

שְׁלֵיוָא (preced.) = h. שַׁלְוָה. Targ. Ez. XVI, 49. Targ. Is. XXXIII, 20 (ed. Wil. שְׁלֵיוָתָא; ed. Lag. שלוותא); a. e.—Adv. שְׁלֵיוָא at ease, without concern. Targ. Jer. XII, 1. Targ. Is. XXXII, 9; 11; 18 (ed. Wil. שְׁלֵיוָן; ed. Lag. שלוה, שלווה). Targ. Zech. I, 15 (ed. Lag. שלווא). ↗ expanded

שְׁלָיוּתָא same, happiness. Targ. Y. I Gen. XLIX, 19.—[Targ. Y. II ib. 1 ש׳ quoted in Levy Targ. Dict., v. טְלָיוּתָא.] ↗ expanded

שָׁלִיחַ (שָׁלַח) deputy, agent. Gitt. IV, 1. Ib. 62ᵇ ש׳ להולכה, ש׳ לקבלה, v. הוֹלָכָה. Kidd. 41ᵃ הוא עושה ש׳ he (the husband) can appoint a deputy (to hand to her the letter of divorce); היא עושה ש׳ she can depute an agent (to receive the letter of divorce); הש׳ עושה ש׳ the agent may depute an agent. Ib.ᵇ אין העבד נעשה ש׳ וכ׳ a slave cannot be deputed to receive a letter of divorce. Ib. 42ᵇ, a. fr. אין ש׳ לדבר עבירה there is no deputy for an illegal act, i.e. the responsibility for an illegal act cannot be shifted to the employer. Ber. V, 5, a. e. ש׳ צבור, v. צִיבּוּר; a. v. fr.—Pl. שְׁלוּחִים, v. שָׁלוּחַ. ↗ expanded

שְׁלִיחַ v. שְׁלַח ↗ expanded

שְׁלִיחוּת (שָׁלח) ש׳ רד (v. שָׁלַח) illegitimate use of a deposit, misappropriation. B. Mets. 43ᵇ ש׳ יד אינה צריכה חסרון use of a deposit does not require damage (in order to make the depositary responsible for losses for which he could otherwise not be made responsible). Kidd. 42ᵇ; a. e. message, agency, commission. Ib. 41ᵃ ש׳ מנלן whence do we derive the law of agency (in betrothal)? Ib. 42ᵃ קטנים לאו בני ש׳ וכ׳ minors cannot serve as deputies. Meïl. VI, 1, a. e. השליח שעשה שְׁלִיחוּתוֹ וכ׳ if the agent has carried out his commission (exactly as he was told), the owner is guilty of misappropriation (v. מָעַל). Ib. 20ᵇ מוסיף על שליחותו if the agent adds an act of his own to that for which he was commissioned. Lev. R. s. 22 אם אין … שְׁלִיחוּתִי וכ׳ if you (prophets) do not convey my message, I have (other) messengers. Gen. R. s. 50 (ref. to Gen. XVIII, 2, a. XIX, 1) עד שלא עשו שְׁלִיחוּתָן קראן וכ׳ before they carried out their message, the text calls them men, when they did carry it out, it calls them messengers (angels); a. fr.—Pl. שְׁלִיחוֹת (fr. שְׁלִיחָה). Ib.; Yalk. ib. 84; Yalk. Job 908 אין … שתי ש׳ one angel never carries two messages. ↗ expanded

שְׁלִיחוּתָא Targ. II Esth. V, 8.—Meïl. 21ᵃ והא לאו בני ש׳ נינהו but are they not disqualified as messengers? Ib. עבדה שְׁלִיחוּתֵיה it (the olive press) carried out his commission (intention); ה"נ אתעביד שליחותיה so in this case his commission was carried out (through irresponsible persons as through tools); a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁלִּיט having control, ruler. Y. Sabb. III, beg. 5ᶜ, v. שָׁלַט. Gen. R. s. 3 שני … אחד ש׳ ביום וכ׳ two commanders, one being on duty by day, and one by night. M. Kat. 18ᵃ, a. fr. מלפני הש׳, v. שְׁגָגָה; a. e.—Pl. שַׁלִּיטִים, שַׁלִּיטִין. Num. R. s. 14¹² כנגד עשרה ש׳ שבאדם corresponding to the ten rulers in man (organs of the body regulating vitality, v. Koh. R. to VII, 19).—Fem. שַׁלִּיטָה. Yalk. Ex. 287 אני שליט בקנאה ואין הקנאה ש׳ בי I (the Lord) control jealousy, but jealousy does not control me; ואין התנומה ש׳ בי but slumber has no power over me; (Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 6 שׁוֹלֶטֶת). ↗ expanded

שַׁלִּיט ² Targ. Y. Gen. XXVII, 29. Targ. Koh. V, 1; a. e.—Pl. שַׁלִּיטִין, שַׁלִּיטֵי. Targ. Y. I Gen. XLIX, 10. Targ. Prov. XXIII, 1. Ib. VIII, 15 וש׳ אנא וכ׳ (Ms. ושליטיינא, corr. acc.) and rulers do I anoint in righteousness.—Fem. שַׁלִּיטָא. Targ. II Esth. I, 2 (3) ed. Lag. (oth. ed. שַׁלִּיטְיָא; ed. Vien. טַיָא …, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שַׁלִּיטָה , v. שׁלִּיט h. ↗ expanded

שְׁלִיטָה (preced.) power. Pesik. R. s. 13 אין הש׳ ניתנת וכ׳ power is placed in the hands of the wicked nation (Rome) only until &c. ↗ expanded

שַׁלִּיטִיָא , v. שַׁלִּיטָא ↗ expanded

שַׁלִּיטָנָא = שׁוּלְטָנָא.—Pl. שַׁלִּיטָנֵי. Targ. II Esth. I, 2 (3). ↗ expanded

שַׁלִּיטְתָּא (preced.) government. Targ. II Esth. I, 2 (3). ↗ expanded

שִׁלְיָיא , v. שִׁלְיָא ↗ expanded

שִׁלְיַית , יַמָּא דש׳ lake of Shilyath. Y. Kil. IX, 32ᶜ bot.; Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵇ bot. דשילהת; Midr. Till. to Ps. XXIV דשריית; B. Bath. 74ᵇ ימה של חֵילַת; (Ms. M. של שֵׁחֲלִית; Ms. R. של שחלת); Yalk. Ps. 697 של חילת, v. חֵילַת II. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְיְיתָא , v. שִׁלְיְתָא ↗ expanded

שָׁלִיל (שָׁלַל I, cmp. שִׁלְיָה) embryo. Ḥull. VII, 1 נוהג בש׳ the law applies to an embryo (a live animal found in the body of the mother). Zeb. III, 5. Ib. 35ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁלִילָא Targ. Koh. VI, 3 (h. text נפל). ↗ expanded

שְׁלִילִית , v. שְׁלוּלִית ↗ expanded

שְׁלֵים , v. שְׁלֵם ↗ expanded

שְׁלִים (שְׁלֵם) complete, perfect; whole, unimpaired. Targ. Ex. XII, 5. Targ. Ruth II, 12. Targ. Gen. XVII, 1. Targ. O. ib. XXXIII, 18 (Y. שָׁלֵם; h. text שָׁלֵם). Targ. Y. Lev. XXII, 27 שלימא the perfect (Jacob); a. fr.—Pl. שְׁלֵימִין, שְׁלֵימֵי, שַׁלְמִין, שָׁ׳. Targ. Deut. XXV, 15. Targ. Ex. XXIX, 1. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 1 שְׁלִימֵי אורחא (not אורח־ה; ed. Wil. שְׁלִימֵּי). Targ. Prov. XXVIII, 10; a. fr.—Fem. שְׁלִימָא, שְׁלֵי׳, שַׁלְמָא, שְׁלִימְתָּא, שְׁלִמְ׳, שְׁלֵימְתָּא, שְׁלֵמְ׳. Targ. Lev. IV, 28. Ib. III, 9 (Y. II שְׁלֵימָה). Targ. Am. I, 6. Targ. Ps. XIX, 8; a. fr.—Pl. שַׁלְמַן. Targ. Deut. XXVII, 6 (not שלמין). Ib. XXV, 15 מכילן ש׳ (not שלמין); a. e. peaceful, sincere, friendly. — Pl. as ab. Targ. Gen. XXXIV, 21 (O. Ms. Vat. 13 שְׁלֵמִין; ed. Berl. שְׁלָם). Targ. II Sam. XX, 19. ↗ expanded

שְׁלֵימָה h., v. שָׁלֵם ↗ expanded

שְׁלִימוּתָא (preced. art.) completeness, perfection, fulness, integrity. Targ. Job V, 26. Targ. Ps. XXV, 21 שלימו׳ (ed. Lag. שלמתא). Ib. LXXVIII, 72. Targ. Job IV, 6; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁלִיף (שָׁלַף) [sliding,] pouch on an animal’s back, saddle-bag, haversack. Sabb. 154ᵇ היתה … טעונה ש׳ וכ׳ if (on the entrance of the Sabbath) his beast was carrying a bag full of grain, let him … pull it towards one side, so that it slips down of itself; Tosef. ib. XVIII, 1. Tosef. B. Kam. I, 6; Y. ib. I, beg. 2ᵃ. Kidd. 22ᵇ; B. Bath. 75ᵇ. Tosef. ib. IV, 2; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁלִיף —Pl. שְׁלִיפֵי. Sabb. 154ᵇ ש׳ זוטרי small bags. B. Bath. 86ᵇ ש׳ רברבי large bags; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁלִיף ² (שְׁלַף) pulled off, esp. castrate. Targ. O. Lev. XXII, 24 (h. text נתוק).—Sabb. 152ᵃ ש׳ בתמניא, v. אִיקָא. Ib. עיקרא ש׳ תוכיחא (איקא) Ms. M. a castrated buck, and (thou wilt) reprove? ↗ expanded

שְׁלִיפָה (שָׁלַף) slipping off; שְׁלִיפַת המנעל taking the shoe off (a form of possession, Ruth IV, 7). Y. Kidd. I, 60ᶜ top בראשונה … בש׳ המ׳ in olden times they used to give possession by taking off the shoe. ↗ expanded

שְׁלִיקָה (שָׁלַק) boiling. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. II, 19 מחוסרים ש׳ (vessels made of that kind of wood) require to be boiled before they can be used. ↗ expanded

שְׁלִיקְתָּא , v. שְׁלַק ↗ expanded

שָׁלִישׁ captain, officer. — Pl. שָׁלִישִׁים. Mekh. B’shall. s. 1 (ref. to Ex. XIV, 7) אין ש׳ אלא גבורים shalishim means mighty men; ד"א וש׳ … שהיו משוללין וכ׳ another definition: shalishim … because they were hung with arms; (anoth. opin.) זה השלישי וכ׳ the shalish is the third on the chariot; formerly there were only two, and Pharaoh added one &c. the third finger, middle-finger. Tanḥ. B’resh. 5 ומן אצבעו … וכל בש׳ וכ׳ and by his finger you can judge what he is (his strength), as we read (Is. XL, 12) and measured with the shalish (middle finger) &c. [the third person,] trustee, depositary. Gitt. 64ᵃ בעל … וש׳ אומר לגירושין if the husband says, the letter of divorce has been deposited to be kept in trust, but the trustee says, it has been given me for the purpose of divorce (I was the wife’s agent for receiving the divorce). Ib.; Tosef. B. Mets. I, 10 זה אומר כך … והש׳ … הש׳ נאמן משניהם if one of the contestants says thus, and the other thus, and the depositary says thus, the depositary’s evidence is accepted over against both. Keth. V, 8 המשרח … על ידי ש׳ if a husband for the time of his absence leaves the provision for his wife’s maintenance in the hands of a trustee; a. fr.—Num. R. s. 13³⁸ שלישה, read: שְׁלוּחָהּ. (traditional pronunciation שְׁלִישׁ) one third. Pes. 42ᵇ תבואה שלא הביאה ש׳ grain that has not yet grown one-third (not one-third ripe); Y. Peah II, 16ᵈ sq. Y. Shebi. V, beg. 35ᵈ הביא ש׳ קודם וכ׳ if the fruit reached the stage of one-third of maturity before the fifteenth of Shebat. Gitt. 70ᵃ אכול ש׳ ושתה ש׳ והניח ש׳ וכ׳ eat one-third (of the capacity of the stomach), and drink one-third, and leave vacant one-third &c., v. כָּעַס. Y. Peah II, end, 17ᵇ קיבלה הימנו למחצה לש׳ וכ׳ if he rented the field on shares of one-half, or one-third &c. B. Mets. 69ᵃ מותר ש׳ בשכרך whatever profit it may bring over one-third (of its present value) shall be thine for thy labor (and the rest we will divide equally); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׁלִישׁוּת (preced.) trust, deposit. Tosef. B. Mets. I, 10 בזמן שהש׳ יוצא מתחת ידו (read: יוצאה) when the deposited object (on which the contest turns) is produced by him (is still in the trustee’s possession). ↗ expanded

שְׁלִישִׁי preced. wds.) third. Mekh. B’shall., s. 1, v. שָׁלִישׁ. Tam. VII, 4 בַּשְּׁ׳ היו וכ׳ on the third day of the week they recited &c. Meg. I, 2. Gen. R. s. 3. Gen. R. s. 4; a. v. fr.—Esp. a) ש׳ לטומאה (or sub. לטומאה) unclean in the third degree by contact with uncleanness of the second degree (שֵׁנִי). Toh. II, 2, sq. Ḥag. III, 2, v. רְבִיעִי; a. fr.—b) ש׳ relation in the third degree, second cousin. Snh. 28ᵃ, a. e., v. שֵׁנִי.—c) talk about a third (absent) person, gossip, calumny (v. לִישָׁן). Midr. Till. to Ps. CXX לשון הרע קורין אותו ש׳ וכ׳ we call the evil tongue sh’lishi, because it slays three: himself (the maligner), the receiver, and the maligned.—Pl. שְׁלִישִׁין. Deut. R. s. 2³³, v. שָׁלַשׁ.—Fem. שְׁלִישִׁית. Taan. II, 4 על הש׳ וכ׳ when blowing the Shofar at the third benediction, one says &c. Meg. III, 4 בש׳ וכ׳ on the third Sabbath of the month we read &c. Tanḥ. Vaëthḥ. 6 ש׳ הצאן וכ׳ the third time (didst thou sin, when thou didst say,) shall flocks &c. (Num. XI, 22); a. v. fr.—Par. I, 1 אם אתה אומר ש׳ … כשאתה אומר שְׁלשִׁית וכ׳ when you say sh’lishith, it means the third in the count with others; when you say sh’loshith, it means in its third year. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְיְתָא = h. שִׁלְיָה, after-birth. Targ. Y. Deut. XXVIII, 57.—Ber. 6ᵃ; Sabb. 134ᵃ, v. סִלְיְתָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁלַךְ , Hif. הִשְׁלִיךְ (b. h.) to cast off, throw down. Erub. 22ᵃ; Yalk. Deut. 846 להַשְׁלִיכוֹ, v. מַשּׂוֹא. Tanḥ. Sh’mini 11 הבחורים … ומַשְׁלִיכִין חומר וכ׳ young men and boys struck him (the drunken man) and cast mud in his face. Midr. Prov. ch. I נַשְׁלִיךְ אותו לבור let us cast him into a pit. Ib. נטל חכה והִשְׁלִיכָהּ לים he took a hook and threw it into the sea. Lam. R. to II, 1 הִשְׁלִיכוֹ לארץ he cast him off (his shoulder and) to the ground; a. fr. Hof. הוּשְׁלַךְ to be thrown. Tanḥ. Vayesh. 2 כיון שה׳ לבור וכ׳ when he was thrown into the pit, his face changed &c. Tanḥ. Noah 10 ברשותו הוּשְׁלַכְנוּ וכ׳ by his order we have been thrown (into the furnace) &c.; a. e.—Part. מוּשְׁלָךְ; f. מוּשְׁלֶכֶת &c. Gen. R. s. 8; Yalk. ib. 13, v. בלורין. Sifré Deut. 43 נבלת … שהיתה מוש׳ וכ׳ the corpse of J.… which lay exposed to heat in day-time and to cold &c. Midr. Prov. l. c. טורח … מוש׳ עליו the care for the household was thrown upon him (Reuben). Nif. נִשְׁלַךְ same. Ex. R. s. 20 ולמה … נִשְׁלַכְתִּי לתוכה וכ׳ why did not Moses strike it (the Nile)? He said, I have been thrown into it, and it did not harm me &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁלָךְ (b. h.) name of a bird of prey, cormorant. Ḥull. 63ᵃ, v. שָׁלָה I. ↗ expanded

שלכא , v. שְׁלָבָא, שְׁלַבִּיּוֹת. ↗ expanded

שלכת , Kel. XXV, 4, v. כַּתְּ ↗ expanded

שָׁלַל 1 [to hang down, be loose,] to hang on, to chain. Part. pass. שָׁלוּל. Lam. R. introd. (R. Z’ʿera) כת … שְׁלוּלִים בשלשלאות a troop of old men chained with chains. to make chain-stitches, to baste, opp. אחה to sew together with fine stitches. Y. M. Kat. III, 82ᵇ top על כל המתים הוא שׁוֹלֵל … ומאחה וכ׳ for all deceased relatives one may baste the rent after seven days, and sew it after thirty days; ויִשְׁלוֹל יום שביעי וכ׳ let him be permitted to baste it on the seventh day &c.; Treat. S’maḥ. ch. IX; M. Kat. 22ᵇ. Ib. האשה שׁוֹלַלְתּוֹ וכ׳ a woman may baste it immediately (after rending), out of regard for her dignity; ib. 26ᵇ. Ib. דלא ניתן לשׁוֹלְלוֹ because it is not to be basted (during the seven days); a. e. Pi. שִׁילֵּל to hang with, decorate with.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּלָּל. Mekh. B’shall., s. 1 מְשׁוּלָּלִין בזיין, v. שָׁלִישׁ. ↗ expanded

שָׁלַל 2 (b. h.) to draw, capture; to carry off. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXXVIII; Yalk. Gen. 134 שְׁלָלָהּ וכ׳ he (Shechem) carried her off and slept with her.—Trnsf. (of water) to make inroads. B. Kam. 61ᵃ, a. e. שׁוֹלְלִין, v. שְׁלוּלִית. Hithpol. הִשְׁתּוֹלָל to be bereft (of reason), be senseless. Snh. 97ᵃ (expl. Is. LIX, 15) וסר מרע מִשְׁתּוֹלֵל על הבריות he that departs from evil is considered by people as senseless. ↗ expanded

שָׁלָל 1 preced.) booty, gain. B. Kam. 61ᵃ, v. אֲגַף. Ex. R. s. 18 (ref. to Is. VIII, 3) ומיהר לבוז שְׁלָלָם (ed. Leipz. שלול, read: שְׁלָלוֹ) and he shall hasten to plunder their (his) booty. Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 7 [read:] מוחלק אני להם שְׁלָלִי וממוני להם I am assigned to them, my booty and my own property shall be theirs; Yalk. Ex. 249; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁלָל 2 (שָׁלַל 1) chain, loose stitch, baste. M. Kat. 26ᵇ הקורע מתוך הש׳ he who rends his garment (in mourning) where it has been stitched; Y. ib. III, 83ᵇ top מן הש׳. Ukts. II, 6 שְׁלַל הכובסין the washers’ materials loosely stitched together; Sabb. 48ᵇ ש׳ של כובסים.—Trnsf. ש׳ של ביצים embryonic eggs laced together with veins; ovary of birds. Tosef. Zab. V, 9; Bets. 7ᵃ ↗ expanded

שְׁלָלָא = h. שָׁלָל I. Targ. Esth. III, 13 שְׁלַלְהוֹן (ed. Lag. שְׁלָלֵיהוֹן pl.). ↗ expanded

שָׁלֵם (b. h.) to be whole, complete; to end, cease. Y. Sot. VIII, 22ᶜ bot. שלום שבימיו שָׁלְמָה וכ׳ Zedekiah was named Shallum, because in his days ended the reign of the house of Judah; Y. Shek. VI, 49ᵈ top; Y. Hor. III, 47ᶜ bot.; Bab. Hor. 11ᵇ; Ker. 5ᵇ ששלם (corr. acc.); Yalk. Kings 250; Yalk. Chr. 1085. Pesik. R. s. 6 (ref. to I Kings VII, 51) כיון שבא … עכשיו שלמה מלאכת וכ׳ when Solomon came and built the Temple, the Lord said, now the work of heaven and earth (creation) is complete; Yalk. Kings 186 שְׁלֵימָה. Pesik. R. l. c. כיון שהִשְׁלִימוּ … שלמה נפשם when the workmen had finished their work, their life was finished (they died); Yalk. l. c.; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁלִים to complete, finish. Pesik. R. l. c., v. supra. Y. R. Hash. I, 57ᵃ top; Y. Shebi. II, 34ᵃ top מכיון שהוא עומד … מַשְׁלִים שנתו since he stands in (has entered) the third year of the tree, he may count it a full year. Yoma 33ᵃ (ref. to Lev. VI, 5, play on עליה … השלמים) עליה הַשְׁלֵם כל וכ׳ with it (the evening sacrifice) cease all sacrifices (none can be offered after it). B. Kam. 10ᵃ החופר … והִשְׁלִימָהּ לעשרה if one digs a pit nine cubits deep, and another comes and completes it to the legal size of ten. Ber. 47ᵇ שחרר … והִשְׁלִימוֹ וכ׳ he freed his slave and used him to complete the quorum of ten persons. Ib. 8ᵇ המשלים פרשיותיו, v. פָּרָשָׁה I. Pesik. R. l. c. לכך נקרא שלמה שה׳ … לתוך מעשה ידיו he is called Sh’lomoh (perfect), because God caused the work of creation to be perfected through his handiwork (the Temple); Yalk. Kings l. c.; a. fr.—Esp. to finish the fast-day. Taan. VII, 9 יַשְׁלִימוּ they must fast the whole day. Yoma 82ᵃ מַשְׁלִימִין they must fast to the end of the day; a. fr.—Part. pass. מוּשְׁלָם perfect, virtuous. Hor. l. c. he was named Shallum שהיה מ׳ במעשיו Ag. Hatt. (ed. משולם) because he was perfect in his deeds; Yalk. Kings 250; Yalk. Chr. l. c. (denom. of שָׁלוֹם) to make friends, or to surrender. Succ. 52ᵃ (ref. to Prov. XXV, 22) א"ת יְשַׁלֵּם אלא יַשְׁלִימֶנּוּ לך read not y’shallem (he will pay) but, he will surrender him (the evil spirit) to thee; (comment.; he will make him be friends with thee).—Part. pass. as ab. Num. R. s. 7⁴ אחד עשר יום היו מוּשְׁלָמִים לאלהים eleven days were they (the Israelites) at peace with God (adhered to him sincerely); כ"ט יום … מוּשְׁלָמִין twenty-nine days they were sincere servants of God, opp. עשו את העגל. Ib. אינם מושלמים לי וכ׳ (ed. Wil. משלמים, corr. acc.) they will be faithful to me only forty days. Gen. R. s. 16, beg. מ׳ לבוראו faithful to his Creator; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁלַם to be finished, to end. Tanḥ. Mishp. 19 המלאך אומר נ׳ פלוני the angel says, such and such has ended (must die). Pi. שִׁלֵּם to perfect.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּלָּם. Hor. l. c., v. supra. Yalk. Lev. 458 מְשׁוּלָּמִים, v. שָׁלוֹם. to compensate, reward, pay. Pesik. R. l. c. (play on ותשלם, I Kings VII, 51) עלי לשַׁלֵּם להם מתן שכר it is for me to pay them their reward. Ib. עלי לשלם לו it is for me to compensate it (the month of Kislev) for its loss; ומה ש׳ לו וכ׳ and wherewith did he compensate it? With the dedication under the Hasmonean house. Y. Taan. II, 65ᵇ top (ref. to Mic. VII, 3) שַׁלֵּם לי וַאֲשַׁלֵּם לך (the judge says,) pay me, and I shall pay thee (decide in thy favor). B. Kam. I, 1 חב המזיק לשלם וכ׳ he that caused the damage is bound to pay &c. Ib. 4 משַׁלֵּם נזק שלם must pay the full indemnity. B. Mets. III, 1 ש׳ ולא רצה וכ׳ if he pays in preference to making oath. B. Bath. III, 4 מְשַׁלְּמִין לו את הכל they must pay him in full. Ab. II, 16 שׁיְשַׁלֵּם, v. שָׂכָר; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁלֵם to be perfect, complete, finished, spent. Targ. Ex. XXXIX, 32. Targ. Gen. XLVII, 15 (Y. II חסיל). Targ. O. Ex. XXIII, 2 שְׁלַם (ed. Berl. שָׁלִים); a. v. fr.—M. Kat. 28ᵇ דשְׁלִימוּ וכ׳, v. זְוָדָא. to be peaceful, sincere, friendly; v. שְׁלִים. Af. אַשְׁלֵים to complete, finish, fulfil. Targ. II Sam. XXII, 26; Targ. Ps. XVIII, 26. Targ. Job XXIII, 14 (ed. Wil. שַׁלְיֵם, corr. acc.). Targ. Y. II, Ex. XII, 42, v. שְׁלָה; a. fr.—Y. Snh. I, 19ᵃ top קם ר׳ נתן וא׳ R. N. stood up and completed the verse. Ber. 8ᵇ אַשְׁלִימוּ וכ׳ finish your readings, keeping pace with the congregation, v. פָּרָשָׁה I. Taan. 25ᵇ סבר לאַשְׁלוּמינְהוּ he wanted them to finish the fast; a. fr. to fill, set. Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 17; XXXIX, 10 (h. text מלא). Ib. XXXI, 5. to make peace, be at peace. Targ. Josh. X, 1; 4. Targ. II Sam. X, 9. Ib. XX, 18; a. e. (with בתר) to follow exactly, faithfully. Targ. Num. XIV, 24 (h. text מלא). Targ. Deut. I, 36. Targ. I Kings XI, 6. to surrender, hand over, entrust. Targ. Deut. XXXII, 30 (h. text הסגיר). Targ. Ex. XXXI, 3 אשל׳ עימיה וכ׳ I entrusted to him &c. (h. text ואמלא אותו); a. e.—B. Mets. 85ᵃ אַשְׁלְמֵיה לר׳ שמעון וכ׳ he gave him in charge of R. S. (to teach him). Yoma 83ᵇ אַשְׁלִימוּ ליה וכ׳ they gave him their money-bags in trust; a. e. Pa. שַׁלֵּם to complete; to supply. Targ. I Kings IX, 25. (with בתר) to follow. Targ. O. Ex. XX, 5; Targ. Jer. XXXII, 18. to recompense, pay. Ib. Targ. Ex. XXI, 34; 36. Targ. Job XX, 10; a. fr.—B. Kam. 13ᵇ בעית לשַׁלּוּמֵי את you would have to pay; בעינא לשלומי must I pay? Ib. 53ᵃ לִישַׁלֵּם האי פלגא וכ׳ let this one pay half, and the other one half; a. fr. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּלֵּם, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּלִים, אִישְּׁלִים to be paid; to be rewarded, recompensed. Targ. Ps. LXV, 2. Targ. Prov. XIX, 17 Ms. (ed. מְשַׁלֵּם). Targ. Is. XLII, 19; a. e.—Pes. 28ᵃ מִשְׁתְּלִים, v. גִּירָאָה. B. Kam. l. c. כל היכא … לאִשְׁתַּלּוּמֵי מהאי מִשְׁתַּלֵּם מהאי where indemnity cannot be had from him (who dug the pit), it may be had from him (who owns the pit). Ib. מה דאית לי לאשתלומי מהאיך מִשְׁתַּלַּמְנָא … משתלמנא ממך whatever I can get from him I take; what I cannot get from him, I must get from you; a. fr. to be perfect. Meg. 23ᵃ he was called Meshullam, דמִישְּׁלַם בעובדיה (Ms. M. דמוּשְׁלָם Hebraism) because he was perfect in his conduct, v. שָׁלַם; Yalk. Neh. 1070 דמִשְּׁלַם. ↗ expanded

שָׁלֵם 2 preced.) whole, complete. Naz. 44 לאביו בזמן שהוא ש׳ וכ׳ ‘for his father’ (Lev. XXI, 2) as long as his body is intact (he may defile himself by contact), but not when it is defective. B. Kam. I, 4, a. fr. נזק ש׳ (abbrev. נ"ש), v. נֵזֶק. Gen. R. s. 79 (ref. to Gen. XXXIII, 18) ש׳ בגופו intact in his body; ש׳ בבניו intact in his children; ש׳ בממונו unimpaired in his possessions; ש׳ בתלמודו whole in his learning (having forgotten nothing of his paternal lessons). Sifra Vayikra, N’dabah, Par. 13, ch. XVI (play on שְׁלָמִים) מי שחוא ש׳ מביא שלמים היה אונן וכ׳ Ar. (ed. שָׁלוֹם) if he is whole (mourns over no loss), he may bring a peace-offering, if he is a mourner, he dare not. Ib. כל קרבן … היה ש׳ מביא וכ׳ whatever sacrifice he may offer, if he is whole, he may &c. Nidd. V, 3 כחתן ש׳, v. חָתָן; a. fr.—B. Kam. 116ᵇ נותן לו שכרו מִשָּׁ׳ he must pay him the full (promised) reward, opp. אין לו אלא שכרו he can claim only the ordinary wages for his labor.—Pl. שְׁלֵמִים, שְׁלֵמִין, שְׁלֵי׳. Sifra l. c. Ber. 39ᵇ פתיתין וש׳ broken pieces of bread and whole loaves. Sabb. 98ᵇ ש׳ solid boards, opp. דנִיסְרָא; a. fr.—Fem. שְׁלֵמָה, שְׁלֵי׳. Zeb. 5ᵃ משנה ש׳ a perfect (undisputed) Mishnah. Ber. l. c. פרוסה של חיטין וש׳ וכ׳ if there is before you a piece of wheat bread, and a whole loaf of barley bread. Ib. מניח … בתוך הש׳ he places the broken with the whole loaf. Ib. וש׳ משנתך (Ms. M. ושלום) and what thou teachest is perfect. Tosef. ib. IV, 15. Men. 65ᵇ ולא תהא תורה ש׳ שלנו וכ׳ should not our perfect Torah pass for as much as your idle talk?; a. fr.—[Y. Pes. II, 29ᵇ bot. מצה שלמה, v. שְׁלֹמֹה.]—Pl. שְׁלֵמוֹת, שְׁלֵי׳. Treat. S’maḥoth ch. VIII, end (ref. to Deut. XXVII, 6) ומה אבנים … יהיו ש׳ לפני בני תורה … יהיו שלימים לפני הקב"ה וכ׳ of stones (for the altar) which do not see …, because they make peace between Israel and their father in heaven, the Lord says, they must be whole before me, how much more must scholars, I who are an atonement for the world, be whole before the Lord!; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁלָם = h. שָׁלוֹם, perfection, soundness, health, peace. Targ. Ps. XXXVIII, 4. Targ. Gen. XLIII, 23. Ib. 27. Targ. Jud. XI, 13. Targ. Deut. XX, 10 (Y. ed. Vien. לְשׁלֵּם, corr. acc.). Ib. 11 (Y. I דִּשְׁלֵם, corr. acc.; a. fr.).—Taan. 24ᵇ they called to me in my dream, ש׳ טב לרב טב וכ׳ good health to the good teacher from the good Lord &c. Ib. 9ᵇ ליזלו רבנן בש׳ may our teachers (you) go in peace. Yoma 71ᵇ, v. עֲמַם II; a. v. fr.—שאל בש׳ to inquire after the health of; to salute. Targ. Gen. XLIII, 27; a. fr. (v. also סְעַר I).—Y. Ber. II, 4ᵇ, a. e. לא שאיל בשְׁלָמֵיה, v. זְעֵיר II; ib. דלא שאל בשְׁלָמִי he did not salute me. Ber. 9ᵇ כי … שאיל בשְׁלוֹמֵיה וכ׳ when you go up there (to Palestine), greet my brother &c.; a. fr.—יהב ש׳ to offer peace, salute. Taan. 23ᵃ sq. יהבו ליה ש׳ ולא וכ׳ they saluted him, but he did not look at them in a friendly way (give no sign of recognition). Ib.ᵇ מ"ט כי יהיבנא למר ש׳ וכ׳ when we saluted you, why did you make no recognition? Gitt. 62ᵃ מקדים ויהיב להו ש׳ saluted them (gentiles) first; a. fr.—V. בִּשְׁלָמָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁלֵם ² ; pl. שַׁלְמִין; שַׁלְמַן, v. שְׁלִים. ↗ expanded

שַׁלָּמָא , v. שַׁלמָנָא ↗ expanded

שַׁלְמָאָה Shalmaite, an Arabic tribe. Targ. O. Num. XXIV, 21 (Y. שַׁלְמַיָּא, read: מָיָא …; h. text קיני). Targ. I Sam. XV, 6. Targ. Jud. IV, 17; a. e.—Y. Shebi. VI, 36ᵇ bot. (= קנזי, Gen. XV, 19); Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵈ top שמלאי (corr. acc.; = קיני); Gen. R. s. 44 (= קנזי); B. Bath. 56ᵃ (= קדמני).—Pl. שַׁלְמָאֵי. Targ. O. Gen. XV, 19 (h. text הקיני; Y. שַׁלְמַיָּא, read: שַׁלְמָיָא sing.). ↗ expanded

שַׂלְמָה v. שִׂמְלָה) cloak, garment. Gen. R. s. 3 נתעטף בה הקב"ה כש׳ the Lord wrapped himself in it (the light) as in a cloak; Yalk. Ps. 862 נתעטף הקב"ה בשמלה; Ex. R. s. 50. Snh. 102ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁלֹמֹה (b. h.) pr. n. m. Solomon, king of Israel. Ber. 10ᵃ כנגד מי אמר ש׳ וכ׳ with reference to whom did Solomon say that verse (Prov. XXXI, 26)? Snh. 20ᵇ בתחלה מלך ש׳ על העליונים וכ׳ Solomon ruled first over those on high &c. Y. ib. II, 20ᶜ ירד מלאך … ש׳ וכ׳ an angel came down in the image of S. and made him rise from his throne &c.; Koh. R. to II, 2. Pes. 36ᵇ אפי׳ כמצות של ש׳ even unleavened cakes like those of Solomon (of the finest flour) may be used on the Passover; Y. ib. II, 29ᵇ bot. מצה שלמה (insert של, or read: מַצַּת). ↗ expanded

שַׁלְמוּתָא , v. שְׁלֵימוּתָא ↗ expanded

שֶׁלֶמְיָא Shelemia, father of חיננא. B. Bath. 111ᵃ ↗ expanded

שַׁלְמָיָא , v. שַׁלְמָאָה ↗ expanded

שְׁלָמִים v. שָׁלוֹם; sub. זבח) peace-offering. Sifra Vayikra, N’dabah, Par. 13, ch. XVI, v. שָׁלֵם II. Zeb. I, 2 שׂשחטן לשם ש׳ which were killed as peace-offerings. Ib. V, 5 זבחי שַׁלְמֵי ציבור congregational peace-offerings; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְמָנָא (שְׁלֵם) perfect, righteous, honest. Snh. 7ᵃ, v. בֵּיר; Yalk. Prov. 960. Snh. 22ᵃ בש׳ נקיט Ms. M. (ed. לשַׁלָּמָא), v. גַּנָּבָא; Yalk. Kings 166 בשלמא. ↗ expanded

שְׁלַמְצָה (abbrev. of שלם ציון) Sh’lamtsa, Sh’lamtsu (Salome Alexandra), wife and successor of king Alexander Jannai. Lev. R. s. 35; Sifra B’huck. ch. I; Taan. 23ᵃ quoted in Tosaf. to Sabb. 16ᵇ של ציון. Sabb. 16ᵇ של ציון (Ms. M. שלציון, in one wd.). Koh. R. to VII, 11 שלמתו (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שְׁלֵמְתָּא , v. שְׁלִים, שְׁלֵימוּתָא. ↗ expanded

שלמתו , v. שְׁלַמְצָה ↗ expanded

שְׁלָנָא (שְׁלֵי II) thoughtless, unsuspecting. Targ. Jud. V, 27 ed. Ven. I (missing in eds.). ↗ expanded

שְׁלַנְיָא Sh’lanya in Babylonia. M. Kat. 12ᵇ (Ms. M. שִׁילִינְיָא). ↗ expanded

שֶׁלַע (שלע = שלו; v. letter ו) sediment; ש׳ טיט muddy alluvium. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ שלעטיט (some ed. שלעטוט, corr. acc.). V. שֵׂרָטוֹן. ↗ expanded

שלעטוט , v. preced. ↗ expanded

שלעל , Tosef. Ḥull. I, 15 מששלעלו, v. עִלְעֵל II ↗ expanded

שָׁלַף to be lax, hang down, be loose, slip. Denom. שָׁלִיף. to loosen, take off, pull, draw a sword. Lev. R. s. 34 יִשְׁלוֹף Ar. (ed. ישמוט) may he loosen (release), v. חָלַץ. Y. Kidd. I, 60ᶜ top (ref. to Ruth IV, 7) מי ש׳ which took the shoe off (the buyer or the seller)? Num. R. s. 14⁴ מסמר … נוח לִשְׁלוֹף a nail with a big head is easily pulled; Pesik. R. s. 3. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXX אם יִשְׁלוֹף האדם וכ׳ if a man draws the sword which he has in his hand to slay his neighbor &c.; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁלַף to be loosened, drawn. Gen. R. s. 93; Yalk. ib. 150 ואינה נִשְׁלֶפֶת, v. תַּעַר. Hif. הִשְׁלִיף to pull, pluck the last growth. Gen. R. s. 20; Yalk. ib. 32 על … שאדם מַשְׁלִיף שדהו אוכלה וכ׳ this (Gen. III, 18) was said with reference to these days, when one plucks his field over and again and eats it (the aftermath) &c., v. Pes. 118ᵃ ↗ expanded

שְׁלַף , to loosen, pull, draw. Targ. Hos. IV, 11. Targ. Y. Num. XXXI, 8. Targ. Jud. III, 22. Targ. Y. Ex. III, 5; a. fr.—Targ. I Chr. I, 20 (play on שלף, ib.) ש׳ … לתחומיה (not לתחומיא) he drew the rivers into his domain.—Part. pass. שְׁלִיף. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXV, 10 (Y. II שְׁלוּפֵי Hebraism, pl., h. text חלוץ).—V. שְׁלִיף II.—Yeb. 102ᵇ ממאי דהאי וחלצה … מִישְׁלַף הוא how do we know that this v’ḥal’tsah (Deut. XXV, 9) means taking off? Y. ib. XII, 13ᵃ top ושַׁלְפַת סיניה and she took off his shoe. Sabb. 59ᵇ דילמא שָׁלְפָא וכ׳ she might take off (her jewelry) and show it. Ib. מְשַׁלְּפָא (Pa.). Ib. 82ᵃ ולא שליף ירקא וכ׳ and that no vegetable will be pulled, and eaten by you, out of the bunch &c. Shebu. 31ᵃ שְׁלוֹפוּ, v. פּוּזְמְקֵי. Erub. 11ᵇ זיל שְׁלוֹף וכ׳ go and pull (the reeds) out, and throw them away; a. fr.—Trnsf. (cmp. נתר, שרי) to untie, annul. Gitt. 33ᵇ מילתא … למִישְׁלְפָהּ an act performed in the presence of ten persons, requires ten for revoking it; a. e.—Yeb. 109ᵇ ערבי שלציון דעבדי שְׁלוֹף דוץ the guarantors of Shaltsiyon, where they practice ‘pull and stick in’, release the debtor and seize the guarantor.—Sabb. 90ᵃ, a. e. שלוף דוץ, v. שְׁלוֹף.—[Sabb. 98ᵇ; Yalk. Ex. 370, v. שַׁלְחֵף.] Pa. שַׁלֵּיף same. Targ. O. Lev. XIV, 40 (h. text חלץ). Ib. 43 (some ed. Pe.).—Yeb. 102ᵇ (ref. to החלצו, Num. XXXI, 3) שַׁלּוּפֵי מביתא וכ׳ it means tearing away from home to war. M. Kat. 4ᵇ, v. דָּלַל. Sabb. 59ᵇ, v. supra; a. e. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּלֵּיף, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּלִיף to be drawn; to be loosened, to slip. Targ. Ez. XXI, 15 (h. text הוחדה). Targ. II Kings VI, 5. Targ. Is. XXXIII, 20 (h. text יסע); a. e. ↗ expanded

שֶׁלֶף (preced.) [that which is pulled out,] stubble field. Tosef. B. Mets. IX, 29 אינו … נירה למניחה לפניו ש׳ it is not the same when he surrenders the land tilled (cleared), as when he surrenders it with the stubbles.—Pl. שְׁלָפִים. Cant. R. to VI, 12 מלקטת בש׳ picked up (ears) among the stubbles.—Trnsf. constr. שִׁלְפֵי, שִׁי׳ the end of a period. Yeb. 116ᵇ ש׳ קציר חטים היו it was towards the end of the wheat harvest. Sabb. 60ᵃ ש׳ הגזירה היו (Ar. השמד; Ms. M. שליפי, corr. acc.; Ms. O. שלהי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) it was the end of the period of persecution; Cant. R. to II, 5 בש׳ השמד. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְפּוּחָא , v. שִׁילְפּוּחָא ↗ expanded

שלפוחות , v. next w. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְפּוּחִית (Shaf. of נ־פח, with anorg. ל) [a saclike organ,] womb. Ḥull. 55ᵇ, v. טַרְפַּחַת. Ib. 48ᵃ top; Tosef. ib. III, 10 שלפוחות (corr. acc.). the (bladderlike) gullet of a bird. Pesik. Vattom., p. 132ᵇ מביאה ש׳ של תרנגולת וכ׳ Ar. (ed. Bub. שלוט׳, corr. acc.; v. Bub. note 57) she took the gullet of a hen and filled it with balsam &c.; Lev. R. s. 16, beg. Ar. (ed. שפופרת של ביצה); Lam. R. to IV, 15 זפק; Yalk. ib. 1032 שלחופ׳ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שַׁלְפּוּפֵי (cmp. שָׁלִיף) [pouch-like buds,] undeveloped dates. Bekh. 52ᵇ ש׳ והוו תמרי if (at the father’s death) they were shalpufé, and afterwards became full-grown dates; B. Bath. 124ᵃ שְׁלוֹפָפֵי (Ms. M. שלפפי; Ms. H. שַׁלְפּוּפָאֵי; Alf. Ms. שְׁלוֹפָאפֵי; Ms. R. שלחופי = שלפוחי, v. preced.); Yalk. Deut. 928. ↗ expanded

שַׁלִפּוּקִין , v. שַׁלְבּוּקִין ↗ expanded

שִׁלְפֵי , v. שֶׁלֶף ↗ expanded

שַׁלְצִיּוֹן (abbrev. of שלום ציון) pr. n. f. Shaltsiyon, Salome Alexandra, v. שְׁלַמְצָה. (supposed to be) pr. n. pl. Shaltsiyon. Yeb. 109ᵇ, v. שְׁלַף.—[ surname of Ḥama bar Ada, an habitual pilgrim to Palestine (cmp. Ps. CXXII, 6). Bets. 25ᵇ Ar. (ed. שליח ציון a messenger to Zion)]. ↗ expanded

שָׁלַק (Shaf. of חלק, as שנק of חנק) (cmp. Assyr. שלק, Del. Assyr. Handw. 666) to dissect. Bekh. 45ᵃ מעשה … שׁשָׁלְקוּ זונה וכ׳ it happened that the disciples of R. Yishm. dissected the body of a prostitute that had been condemned to death &c. [to make smooth,] to boil thoroughly, boil to a pulp, seethe. Maasr. IV, 1 הכובש חשׁוֹלֵק וכ׳ he who presses, boils, or salts (vegetables, olives &c.) … is bound to give tithes. Tosef. Bets. II, 15 ש׳ הימנו וכ׳ if he seethed a small portion of the Passover lamb, contrad. to בישל. Naz. VI, 9 (45ᵇ) היה מבשל … או שׁוֹלְקָן Y. ed. a. Bab. (Mish. ed. שְׁלָקָן) having cooked or seethed the peace-offering; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁלוּק; f. שְלוּקָה. Y. ib. 55ᶜ top מתני׳ אמרה הש׳ קרוי מבושל this Mishnah indicates that ‘seethed’ is called cooked. Ned. VI, 1 הנודר מן המבושל מותר בצלי ובש׳ he who vows abstinence from ‘what is cooked’ is permitted to eat what is roasted or seethed. Ukts. II, 6 ביצה ש׳ a hard-boiled egg; Tosef. ib. II, 15; ביצה ש׳ וביצה טרמיסא (read: טרומיטא) a hard-boiled egg, or an egg boiled down to a pill, v. טְרוֹמִיטָא; a. fr. Pi. שִׁילֵּק to make smooth, (of melons) to trim and rub. Maasr. I, 5 אבטיח משׁיְשַׁלֵּק melons are subject to tithes as soon as the gardener trims them; ואם אינו מְשַׁלֵּק וכ׳ and if he does not trim them (before storing) &c.; Tosef. ib. I, 6 תורמין … אע"פ שלא ש׳ you must give T’rumah of cucumbers and gourds, even if you do not trim them; a. e. to boil. Tanḥ. Bresh. 7 אין לך … ואתה שוקד לשַׁלְּקוֹ וכ׳ there is nothing more bitter than the lupine, but thou takest pains to boil and sweeten it &c. Tanḥ. Vaëra 14 נקבץ ונְשַׁלֵּק מהן we will collect them (the locusts) and boil (and preserve) them in casks. Nif. נִשְׁלַק to be boiled. Neg. XI, 8 השתי משׁיִשָּׁלֵק warp is susceptible of uncleanness when it is boiled (Var. משׁיִשָּׁלֶה when it is taken out of the water); Sifra Thazr., Neg., Par. 5, ch. XIII. ↗ expanded

שְׁלַק (cmp. בשל) to be overheated, blasted (by a hot wind). Targ. II Kings XIX, 26 דִּישְׁלוֹק (not דְּיִשְׁ׳); Targ. Is. XXXVII, 27 (h. text שדפה). to boil thoroughly. Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵇ top בההוא דשָׁלֵיק in the case of one that boils (rice), contrad. to דטריף. Y. Gitt. I, 43ᶜ; Y. Shebi. VI, 36ᶜ top שָׁלְקִין, v. לְתַת; a. e.—Part. pass. שָׁלִיק, שְׁלִיקָא; f. שְׁלִיקְתָּא. Ab. Zar. 38ᵇ מישחא ש׳ boiled oil. Ib. אהיני שְׁלִיקֵי seethed dates (v. אֲהִינָא). Gitt. 68ᵇ; Pes. 34ᵃ, v. סְלַק. ↗ expanded

שֶׁלֶק (preced.) seething, overboiled matter. Y. Shebi. VI, 36ᶜ top מי ש׳ של ביצים water in which eggs have been boiled; Y. Gitt. I, 43ᶜ. Ber. VI, 8 אפי׳ אכל ש׳ וכ׳ even if one eats overboiled vegetable, and he makes a meal of it. Ib. 44ᵇ ומי איכא מידי דהוי ש׳ מזונו (not מזוני) is there a thing which a person makes a meal of when it is boiled to a pulp?; a. e.—Pl. שְׁלָקִין, שְׁלָקוֹת. Tosef. Ter. VII, 13; Y, ib. VIII, 45ᵈ. Ab. Zar. II, 6 ש׳ וכבשין things preserved by boiling or by pressing (by gentiles); a. e. ↗ expanded

שלקונדית , v. סַלְקוּנְדְּרִית ↗ expanded

שַׁלְקוּקַיָּה (v. שָׁלַקPi.) trimmings, coiled and hairy substances covering gourds &c. Y. Maasr. I, 49ᵃ (expl. משישלק, ib. I, 5) מאן דו ירים ש׳ when he removes the trimmings; cmp. פַּקְסוּסַיָּה. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְקוּת Ben-Shalkuth (Shalḳith). Nidd. 52ᵇ; Tosef. ib. VI, 5. ↗ expanded

שָׁלשׁ , v. שְׁלשָׁה ↗ expanded

שָׁלַשׁ to do or come for the third time. Num. R. s. 4²⁰ לא יצאת אותה שנה ולא שינתה ולא שִׁילְּשָׁה וכ׳ not that year passed, nor the second, nor the third, when &c., i.e. within three years these things occurred; a. e. to go back to the third generation. B. Bath. X, 7 יְשַׁלְּשׁוּ they should write the grandfather’s name in the document. to divide into three parts. Ib. III, 4 מְשַׁלְּשִׁין ביניהם the fine is divided between them (the three sets of witnesses convicted of an alibi); Macc. I, 3. Ib. משלשין בממון ואין מש׳ במכות the monetary fine is divided, but not the punishment (but every one has to undergo the full punishment). Ab. Zar. 19ᵇ לעולם יְשַׁלִּשׁ אדם שנותיו שליש וכ׳ a man should always divide his years (his time) into three parts, devoting one third to Bible, one to Mishnah &c.; Kidd. 30ᵃ יַשְׁלִישׁ (Hif.). Ex. R. s. 15²⁷ הריני מְשַׁלְּשָׁם I will divide them among us three; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּלָּשׁ; f. מְשׁוּלֶּשֶׁת; pl. מְשׁוּלָּשִׁים, מְשׁוּלָּשִׁין; מְשׁוּלָּשׁוֹת a) done for the third time. Ab. Zar. l. c., כתוב … ומש׳ בכתובים stated in the Torah, a second time in the Prophets, and a third time in Hagiographa; Meg. 31ᵃ; a. fr.—b) divided into three, arranged in three classes, threefold. Deut. R. s. 2³³ (ref. to והשלשית, Zech. XIII, 8) אלו ישראל אנקראו שלישין שהם מש׳ וכ׳ that means Israel, who are called ‘thirds’, for they are divided into three classes, priests &c. Midr. Prov. to XXII, 20 (ref. to שלשים, ib.) כל מעשי תורה מש׳ היא מש׳ ואותיותיה מש׳ … שבט מש׳ וכ׳ all affairs of the Torah are threefold; itself is threefold: Torah, Prophets, and Hagiographa, and its signs are threefold: אמת (Truth); and it was given through a tribe third in order: Reuben, Shimeon, and Levi; משה מש׳ Moses the third born &c. Cant. R. to I, 1 כל מעשיו … מש׳ היו all the events of that man’s (Solomon’s) life were marked by three stages (rise, fall, and rise).—B. Bath. X, 7 ואם היו מש׳ and if the names are alike up to the grandfather (v. supra); a. fr.—Y. Shebi. I, 33ᵇ, v. מְשׁוּלָּשׁ.—c) developed to one third of the full growth, v. מְשׁוּלָּשׁ. (apocop. of שִׁלְשֵׁל) to let down, v. שִׁלְשֵׁל I. Hif. הִשְׁלִישׁ to divide into three parts. Kidd. l. c., v. supra. B. Mets. 42ᵃ לעולם יַשְׁלִישׁ … שליש וכ׳ a man should always have his capital divided into three parts, one-third invested in land, one in merchandise, and one in ready money; Yalk. Deut. 897; a. e. (v. שָׁלִישׁ) to deposit. Keth. VI, 7 המַשְׁלִישׁ מעות לבתו … מה שׁהוּשְׁלַשׁ בידו if a father deposits money for the benefit of his daughter, and she says, I trust my husband (and want it to be given to him), the trustee must do that with it for which it was deposited with him; ib. 69ᵇ המשליש … לחתנו וכ׳ if one deposits money with his son-in-law to buy with it &c.; Tosef. ib. VI, 9; a. e. Hof. הוּשְׁלַשׁ to be deposited, v. supra. Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּלֵּשׁ to have been at a thing for the third time. Num. R. s. 9, v. מוּעָד. ↗ expanded

שָׁלַשׁ ² to let down, suspend, v. שִׁלְשֵׁל I. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְשָׁא , pl. שַׁלְשָׁוָון, v. שַׁלְשֶׁלְתָּא. ↗ expanded

שְׁלשָׁה (b. h.) three; constr. שְׁלשֶׁת; שְׁלשׁ. Shebi. IX, 2, v. אֶרֶץ. Erub. 40ᵇ, a. fr. ש׳ רגלים, v. רֶגֶל. Ib. 41ᵇ ש׳ דברים מעבירין וכ׳, v. עָבַר. Ib. ש׳ אין רואין וכ׳ three classes of men will not see the face of Gehenna (having expiated their sins in this world): those afflicted with extreme poverty &c. R. Hash. 10ᵃ, a. fr. בן ש׳ three years old (in its third year). Y. Succ. I, end, 52ᶜ שְׁלָשְׁתָּן all three of them. Ex. R. s. 15²⁷ שְׁלָשְׁתּנוּ all three of us; a. v. fr.—Pl. שְׁלשִׁים thirty. R. Hash. l. c. בן עשרים … וש׳ יום twenty-four months and thirty days old. Nidd. 45ᵃ ש׳ יום בשנה וכ׳ thirty days of a year count for an entire year; a. v. fr.—Esp. sh’loshim, thirty days of mourning observances for a deceased relative. M. Kat. 20ᵃ נוהגת שבעה וש׳ the laws of mourning observances of seven days and of thirty days apply to it. Ib. ישב עליו שבעה וש׳ he observed for him shibʿah and sh’loshim; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְשׁוּל (שִׁלְשֵׁל I) letting down on a rope. Erub. 83ᵇ לזה בש׳ ולזה בש׳ if both neighbors can use the wall by letting things down; Y. ib. VIII, beg. 25ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְשׁוּל ² (שִׁלְשֵׁל II) forming chains, curls. Y. Shebi. IV, end, 35ᶜ שִׁילְשׁוּלָן וכ׳, v. חֶנֶט. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְשׁוּל ³ (שול, cmp. שַׁבְּלוּל; v. שַׁלְשֵׁל III) [slimy substance,] slimy abdominal secretion. Gen. R. s. 51, beg. כש׳ הזה שהוא נמחה בצואה like the secretion which is dissolved in the excrements, v. כִּילּוּיָא. snail, worm. R. Hash. 24ᵇ מתחת לרבות ש׳ קטן ‘beneath’ (Ex. XX, 4) this includes the smallest earth-worms. Tosef. Ḥull. II, 18; Ḥull. 40ᵃ השוחט … לשום ש׳ וכ׳ if one kills an animal in the name of mountains … or even of a small worm, such are ‘sacrifices of the dead.’ Ib. 67ᵇ כל לרבות הש׳ והרומה לש׳ ‘whatsoever’ goes up on the belly (Lev. XI, 42), this includes the snail and whatever is like it (worms); Sifra Sh’mini, Par. 10, ch. XII השִׁלְשׁוּלִים (pl.). Gen. R. s. 8; Lev. R. s. 14 ש׳ קדמך the worm has been created before thee (man); a. e.—Pl. שִׁלְשׁוּלִים, שִׁי׳, v. supra. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְשׁוּשִׁית , v. לְשִׁישִׁית ↗ expanded

שְׁלשִׁית (שָׁלשׁ) three years old, in its third year. Par. I, 1, v. שְׁלִישִׁי. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְשֵׁל (שָׁלַל I) to let down. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᵇ top היו מְשַׁלְשְׁלִין וכ׳ in (ed. Lehm. מְשׁלְּשִׁין) they lowered for them (the besiegers) two basketfuls of gold &c.; פעם שִׁילְשְׁלוּ וכ׳ once they let down &c.; Sot. 49ᵇ; Men. 64ᵇ; B. Kam. 82ᵇ מְשַׁלְּשִׁין. Sabb. I, 11 משלשלין את הפסח וכ׳ the Passover lamb is let down into the stove &c.; Tosef. Pes. VII, 1. Tosef. Bets. IV, 3 אין משלשלין אותן וכ׳ you must not let them down from the window, but you may let them slide down on ladders (v. ed. Zuck. note). Lev. R. s. 19 נטלוהו ושִׁלְשְׁלוּהוּ (לו) they seized him and let him down the wall; Gen. R. s. 94, end. Yeb. XVI, 4 (121ᵃ) מעשה שׁשִׁלְשְׁלוּהוּ לים וכ׳ it happened at ʿAsia with one whom they let down into the sea (as diver), and (in hauling him up) they brought up nothing but his leg.; Y. ib. 15ᵈ top ששלשלהו הים (corr. acc.). Erub. 87ᵃ מְשַׁלְשֵׁל דלי וכ׳ he may let the bucket down and fill &c.; Tosef. ib. IX (VI), 24. Gen. R. s. 11 צריך לְשַׁלְשֵׁל (on the Sabbath) one must let his cloak hang down (not tuck up as for travel). Ib. ושִׁילְשְׁלָהּ ר׳ זעירא R. Z. pulled it down; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּלְשָׁל; f. מְשׁוּלְשֶׁלֶת hanging down. Men. 41ᵇ כמה תהא מש׳ Ms. M. (ed. מְשׁוּלֶּשֶׁת, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) how far must the threads of the show-fringes hang down (beyond the border)?; Yalk. Num. 750; ib. מְשׁוּלְשָׁלוֹת ארבע (Men. l. c. sing.) hanging down four finger-breadths. ↗ expanded

שִׁלְשֵׁל 2 (cmp. שָׁלַל I) to chain, couple. Tosef. Ber. VI (V), 6; Pes. 105ᵇ ומְשַׁלְשְׁלָן כולן לאחרין and combines all of them (the benedictions) in the prayer after the meal. Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵃ bot.; Y. Sabb. I, 3ᵃ אם יכול את לשַׁלְשֵׁל … שַׁלְשְׁלָהּ וכ׳ if thou canst couple a tradition by quoting authorities up to Moses, do so; if not, quote either the very first or the very last authority; a. e.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּלְשָׁל knotted. Num. R. s. 9⁷ שהיה … לחבל מש׳ זה בזה וכ׳ his (Israel’s) offspring was like a rope knotted together, one part to the other, for all could trace their descent in uninterrupted succession. to form chains, curls. Shebi. IV, 10 החרובין משׁיְשַׁלְשְׁלוּ (Ar. משׁיְשַׁרְשְׁרוּ) carob-trees (must not be cut down in the Sabbatical year) from the time that they form chains, v. שִׁלְשׁוּל II. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְשֵׁל 2 = h. שִׁלְשֵׁל I, to let down. Targ. I Sam. XIX, 12. Targ. Josh. II, 15; 18.—Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ bot. הוה חמי ליה מְשַׁלְשֵׁל וכ׳ he saw him let his clothes down a little, and take them up a little; Y. Succ. V, 55ᶜ top, Num. R. s. 4, end משולשל (corr. acc.). Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּלְשֵׁל to let one’s self down. Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ bot. דהוא מִשְׁתַּלְשֵׁל for it (the serpent) can let itself down (on the string). ↗ expanded

שַׁלְשֵׁל 3 (v.שִׁלְשׁוּל III) to relax, loosen the bowels. Keth. 10ᵇ; Gitt. 70ᵃ מְשַׁלְשְׁלָן they (dates) act as a laxative. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְשֶׁלֶת (שִׁלְשֵׁל II) chain. Kel. XIV, 3. Y. Taan. II, 65ᵈ הריני עושה לה ש׳ … השַׁלֶּשֶׁת וכ׳ I will make a chain for it (the key), so that if its gets lost, the chain will point it out. Y. Succ. V, end, 55ᵈ; Cant. R. to V, 5 יוחסין(ה) ש׳, v. יוֹחָס; ib. introd. שלשת יוחסין. Num. R. s. 9⁷ והש׳ באה כך thus the genealogical chain is continued. Num. R. s. 4⁸ צפה נח (ש)ש׳ האבות וכ׳ Noah foresaw that the genealogical chain of the patriarchs would begin with him (Shem); a. fr.—Pl. שַׁלְשְׁלָאוֹת, שַׁלְשְׁלָיוֹת. Sabb. 89ᵇ, v. רָאָה I. Y. Keth. II, 26ᵈ; Y. Gitt. III, 45ᵃ top (among the appurtenances of a siege). Erub. 58ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁלְשֶׁלְתָּא Targ. Job XII, 18 שולשיל׳ Ms. (ed. שוש׳). Targ. II Esth. I, 2 שוש׳; a. e.—Keth. 27ᵃ מהדר ליה למתא שושיל׳ וכ׳ they place around the town a chain and a dog &c. (to guard against surprise). Gitt. 68ᵃ, v. שַׁסְתֵּם. Ib. 56ᵇ תן לי … וש׳ וכ׳ grant me (spare) Jabneh and her scholars and the chain (the family of scholars) of Rabban G.; a. fr.—Pl. שַׁלְשְׁלָוָון, שַׁלְשְׁלָוָותָא, שׁוּלְשְׁ׳, שׁוּשְׁ׳, שַׁלְשְׁלָן, שִׁילְ׳. Targ. I Kings VI, 21 (ed. Lag. שִׁישְׁלָן). Targ. Ez. VII, 23 שִׁלְשְׁ׳ (ed. Lag. שִׁישְׁ׳). Targ. Jud. XVI, 21. Targ. Is. XL, 19 (some ed. שילשלין, corr. acc.). Targ. Ps. CXVIII, 27 שִׁלְשְׁלָוָן ed. Wil. (ed. Lag. שושלוון). Ib. CVII, 14 שַׁלְשָׁלְוָתְהוֹן (Ms. שׁוּלְשְׁלָוַות׳). Targ. II Esth. I, 2, end שלשלוון (some ed. שַׁלְשָׁוָון); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁלֶּשֶׁת , v. שַׁלְשֶׁלֶת ↗ expanded

שְׁלשֶׁת , v. שְׁלשָׁה ↗ expanded

שָׁם (b. h.) there, thither. Macc. II, 7 אינו יוצא מִשָּׁם לעולם he dare not go away from there (the city of refuge) all his life time; שם תהא דירתו שם וכ׳ there he must live, there he must die &c.; Tosef. ib. III (II), 5. Macc. 4ᵃ שנפל שם which fell thereinto. Ber. V, 4 אם אין שם כהן וכ׳ if no priest besides him is present; a. v. fr.—Cant. R. to VIII, 9 שָׁמָּה, v. רגָּז.—לְשָׁם thither. Ex. R. s. 18; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁם 1 (b. h.) pr. n. m. Shem, son of Noah. Meg. 9ᵇ (ref. to Gen. IX, 27) דבריו … באהלי שם let the speech of Japheth (Greek) dwell in the tents of Shem; v. יָפְיוּת. Gen. R. s. 63, v. עֵבֶר I. Snh. 69ᵇ. Ex. R. s. 18 the Lord said, חייב אני לשם אביהם וכ׳ I am indebted to their (the Assyrians’) father Shem, because he and Japheth took their cloaks and covered with it &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁם 2 v. שׁוּם a. mark, name, title, nature, denomination. Pes. III, 3 לא תקרא לה שם וכ׳ she must not name it (declare it to be Ḥallah) until it is baked. Ter. III, 5 האומר … קרא שם if one says, the priest’s portion of this pile is in it …, he has named it (designated it as T’rumah). Gen. R. s. 25 (ref. to Gen. V, 29) לא השם הוא המדרש … הוא השם וכ׳ the name (נח) and the interpretation (ינחמנו) do not correspond; it ought to be either &c. Ber. II, 8 ליטול … השם, v. נָטַל. Macc. I, 2 לא השם המביאו וכ׳ the title (the legal text) under which the false witness is doomed to lashes, is not the one under which he is bound to pay indemnity. Kinn. I, 3 משם אחד sacrificial birds of the same denomination (intended for the same class of cases), opp. משני שמות of different denominations. Sabb. XII, 3 משם אחד two letters of the alphabet of the same name (אא, בב &c.), opp. משתי שמות two different letters (אב &c.). Ib. שם קטן משם גדול וכ׳ a small name or word as a part (or abbreviation) of a larger one, as שם as a part of שמעון, of שמואל &c. Ib. 103ᵇ שתי אותיות והן שם אחד two identical letters which represent a word, (as שש, which may stand for שֵׁשׁ or שָׂשׂ) &c. Shebu. 3ᵇ, a. fr. לא מן השם הוא זה וכ׳ this comes not under this title (this is not the real reason), but it is because &c. Ker. III, 4 אינו מן השם the offence is not of the same class. Macc. 4ᵇ, a. fr. (על חבירו) מוציא שם רע who spreads an evil report about his neighbor (injures his reputation). Ber. 17ᵃ גדל בשם טוב וכ׳ who has grown up with a good name, and departed life with a good name; a. v. fr.—Esp. הַשֵּׁם or שֵׁם the Divine Name, the Tetragrammaton, contradist. to כינוי attribute; in gen. the Lord. Snh. VII, 5 המגדף … שיפרש השם the blasphemer is not punishable, unless he uses the Name explicitly. Ib. 8 המקלל … בַּשֵּׁם he that curses his father or his mother is not punishable, unless he curses them with the Name. Ib. 56ᵃ בידך את השם בכינוי (not בכינויים) if he curses God by using a divine attribute. Ib. עד שיברך שם בשם unless he curses God and pronounces the Name. Yoma III, 8; IV, 2; VI, 2 (בשם) אנא השם I pray, O Lord (pronouncing the Tetragrammaton). Ib. כשהיו שומעים שם המפורש שהוא יוצא וכ׳ when they heard the Tetragrammaton pronounced &c., v. פָּרַשׁ. Ib. IV, 1 אחד … לַשֵּׁם on one of the lots was written ‘unto the Lord’; של שם the lot bearing the inscription ‘unto the Lord’; a. v. fr.; v. שָׁמַיִם.—Especial uses: כְּשֵׁם שֶׁ־ the same as, as well as. Ber. IX, 5 חייב אדם … כשם שמברך וכ׳ a man is bound to bless God for what is evil as well as he blesses for what is good. Ib. 62ᵃ כשם שנפרעין וכ׳ as well as the dead are called to account &c., v. סַפְדָּן. Sot. V, 1 כשם שהמים … כך וכ׳ as the waters test her, so do they test him. Ib. כשם שאסורה וכ׳, v. בָּעַל; a. v. fr.—בְּשֵׁם, מִשֵּׁם in the name of, in behalf of. Meg. 15ᵃ כל האומר דכר בשם אומרו וכ׳ he who relates a thing in the name of him who said it (gives credit to authority), brings redemption into the world. Peah II, 4 מִשְּׁמוֹ in his own name (as his individual opinion). Y. Taan. I, 64ᵃ הלכה … שאמר משם וכ׳ the rule follows the opinion of …, who said in behalf of &c.; a. v. fr.—לְשֵׁם for the purpose of, for the sake of, as; with reference to. Gitt. 24ᵇ כתב רחמנא לה לִשְׁמָהּ the text (Deut. XXIV, 3) says, ‘unto her’, that means, that it must be written especially for her. Yeb. 47ᵇ, v. שׁוּם II.—Snh. 99ᵇ העוסק בתורה לשמה who studies the Law for its own sake (for no selfish ends). Pes. 50ᵇ לעולם יעסוק … אע"פ שלא לשמה … בא לשמה by all means let a man engage in the study of the Law and in good deeds, even if not for their own sake, for through the work for a selfish purpose he will arrive at the stage of doing good for its own sake. Ib. 13ᵇ, a. e. שחטן לִשְׁמָן וכ׳ if he slaughtered them as such (as festive sacrifices) &c.; זרק דמן שלא לשמן if he sprinkled their blood, having in mind another purpose (another class of sacrifices). Gen. R. s. 25 לשם קרבנו נקרא he was named (נח) with reference to his sacrifice (ניחח, Gen. VIII, 21) ; לשם נחת וכ׳ he was named (נח) with reference to the rest of the ark (ותנח, Gen. VIII, 4); Yalk. ib. 42 על שם וכ׳; a. v. fr.—עַל שֵׁם (abbrev. ע"ש) with reference to, because. Y. Taan. II, beg. 65ᵃ על שם ואנכי וכ׳ as a reference to (what Abraham said,) ‘and I am but dust and ashes’ (Gen. XVIII, 27). Gen. R. s. 23, v. טְבַרְיָא; a. fr.; v. שׁוּם II.—Pl. שֵׁמוֹת, constr. שְׁמוֹת. Kinn. l. c. Gen. R. s. 26 כל הש׳ הללו וכ׳ all these names indicate rebellion &c., v. מַרְדּוּת I. B. Mets. 114ᵇ עובר בכל הש׳ הללו is guilty under all these titles (texts). Shebu. 35ᵃ יש ש׳ שנמחקין ויש ש׳ וכ׳ there are divine names which may be erased, and such as may not be erased. Y. R. Hash. I, 56ᵈ bot. שְׁ׳ המלאכים, v. מַלְאָךְ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁם Targ. Y. II, Ex. XXXI, 2. Targ. Ps. CXLVII, 4. Targ. O. Gen. VI, 4; a. fr.—Sot. 49ᵃ יהא שְׁמֵיה רבא (abbrev. יה"ש"ר), v. אֲגַדְתָּא. Ab. I, 13, v. נְגַד. Yoma 83ᵇ, v. דּוּק. Ber. 7ᵇ, v. גְּרַם I. Sabb. 8ᵇ (in Hebr. dict.) שמיה הילוך comes under the category of ‘walking’; לא שמיה תשמיש does not come under the category of ‘use.’ Ḥull. 48ᵃ משמיה רר׳ וכ׳ in behalf of &c.; Y. Taan. I, 64ᵃ bot. מן שמיה. Sabb. 145ᵇ שְׁמָאִי my name, v. מָתָא; a. v. fr.—Y. Orl. I, 61ᵃ bot. אית בני נש שְׁמוֹן בריכה וכ׳ there are persons whose name is B’rikah (meaning blessing), as one says, come thou, blessed of the Lord.—Pl. שְׁמָהָן, שְׁמָהָתָא; שְׁמַיָּיא, שְׁמֵי. Targ. Gen. II, 20. Ib. XXVI, 18. Targ. O. Num. I, 5 שְׁמָהַת constr.; Y. שְׁמָהָיַית; a. fr.—Gitt. 11ᵇ שמהתא … בשְׁמָהָתַיְיהוּ other names which Jews frequently adopt for their own, v. נְסַק. Meg. 14ᵇ סניין שְׁמַיְיהוּ, v. סְנֵי; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֶׁמָּא (= שַׁלָּמָּה, v. דִּילְמָא I) [for why,] lest, perhaps. Ab. II, 4, v. פָּנָה. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ top [read:] אי לי ש׳ מי שכתוב … עקב יבוא לנשכיני woe is me, (I am afraid,) lest he of whom it is written (Gen. III, 15) … come to bite me; Bab. Ab. Zar. 8ᵃ אוי לי ש׳ בשביל וכ׳ woe is me, lest the world grow dark around me, because I have sinned. Keth. 12ᵃ וניחוש ש׳ תחתיו וכ׳ but must we not consider the possibility that she may have prostituted herself while she was engaged to him?; a. fr. שמא m. apprehension, doubt, possibility. Ib. 14ᵃ התם ברי הכא ש׳ there she asserts a certainty, here a possibility (as she cannot be certain about it herself). Ib. וקיל ליה ש׳ וכ׳ and he regards this statement of a possibility so lightly that &c. Ib. אפי׳ בש׳ נמי מכשיר even with her uncertain assertion he declares her fit for marriage. Ib. 12ᵇ, a. fr. ברי וש׳, v. בָּרִי; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁמַּאי Shammai (abbrev. of שמעיה), (הזקן) ש׳ Sh., the colleague of Hillel in the Sanhedrin under king Herod. Ḥag. II, 2. B. Bath. 133ᵇ; Y. Ned. V, end, 39ᵇ. Succ. II, 8, a. e. ש׳ הזקן. Eduy. I, 1 sq. (differences between Sh. and Hillel). Ib. 4; a. v. fr.—בֵּית שַׁ׳ (abbrev. ב"ש) the school of Sh., the disciples of Sh. Ib. 7. Bets. I, 1; a. v. fr. name of an Amora. Y. Sabb. III, 5ᵈ bot.; a. fr. V. Fr. M’bo, p. 124ᵇ ↗ expanded

שִׁמָּאָה , v. שִׁימָּאָה ↗ expanded

שְׂמֹאל c. (b. h.) left side, left hand. Yoma IV, 1 הסגן … מִשְּׂמאֹלוֹ the Sagan to his right, and the chief of the priests’ division to his left. Ib. אם של שם עלה בשמאלו if the lot marked ‘unto the Lord’ came up in his left hand; הגבה שְׂמֹאלְךָ raise thy right hand. Ib. V, 1 מהלך לשמאלו walks to the left. Snh. 107ᵇ, v. דָּחָה. Sifré Deut. 154 (ref. to Deut. XVII, 11) אפי׳ … על ש׳ שהוא ימין וכ׳ even if they show it before thy eyes that left is right and right is left, listen to them; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שמאל , Hif. הִשְׂמְאִיל (b. h.) to go to the left; to be on the left side, go wrong. Sabb. 63ᵃ למַשְׂמְאִילִים בה to those who make the wrong use of it, v. יָמַן. Ib. 88ᵇ למשמאילים בה (Ms. M. דלא איימין ליה, v. וְמַן). Cant. R. to I, 9 אלו … ואלו משמאילים those (pleading in favor of the accused) stand to the right, and those (against the accused) to the left; a. e. ↗ expanded

שמאל ² , Af. אַשְׂמְאִיל ch. same. Koh. R. to X, 2 (ref. to Gen. XIII, 9) (Abraham said,) אפי׳ את מחצף אנא מַשְׂמְאִיל לך even if thou shalt act irreverently (towards me), I shall show thee the left side (that thou art wrong). Ib. הוה אמר … אַשְׂמְאִיל ליה וכ׳ he said to one of his household, show him the left side, and he showed him a cutting movement in that direction, v. קְטִיף ↗ expanded

שְׂמָאלָא ch. = h. שְׂמֹאל. Targ. Num. XXII, 26; a. e., v. סְמָלָא.—Y. Ned. I, 37ᵃ top ש׳ הרי זו שבועה if one swears ‘by my left hand,’ it is a binding oath. ↗ expanded

שְׂמָאלִיתָא (preced.) the left. Targ. Y. Deut. XI, 18. ↗ expanded

שַׁמְגַּז (prob.) pr. n. pl. Shamgaz; חלא ש׳ Sh. vinegar, a very pungent vinegar used as a restorative. Ab. Zar. 12ᵇ (Ms. M. שמגן). Gitt. 70ᵃ Ar. (ed. שמזג).—[Sabb. 67ᵃ כש׳ מריגז ed. (Ms. M. בְּשֵׁם מוריגן; Ms. O. בשם מרגיז, v. מוֹרִיגַן.] ↗ expanded

שַׁמְגַּר (b. h.) pr. n. m. Shamgar, one of the Judges of Israel. Ruth R. to I, 1. Tanḥ. Aḥăré 12; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁמַד Hif.; cmp. שמם, to be waste. Pi. שִׁימֵּד [to destroy,] to persecute; to force to apostasy. Gen. R. s. 82 ואם לאו הרי אני מְשַׁמֵּד אתכם and if you cannot answer, I will force you to forswear your religion; Yalk. Is. 263 אַשְׁמִיד (Hif.).—Part. pass. מְשׁוּמָּד converted to heathenism, q. v. Hif. הִשְׁמִיד to destroy. Esth. R. to III, 6 אני אמרתי להַשְׁמִידָם … להַשְׁמִיד וכ׳ I (the Lord) intended to destroy them, and, as it were, could not …, and thou wilt destroy, slay &c.? Ib. to III, 12; a. e. to force to apostasy, v. supra. Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּמֵּד to be destroyed, cut off. Yalk. Lev. 558 דואג נ׳ מעולם וכ׳ Doeg was cut off from this and from the other world; (Tanḥ. M’tsorʿa 2 נשתרש). to apostatize. Y. Gitt. VII, beg. 48ᶜ. Y. Hor. I, 45ᵈ bot. Y. Succ. V, end, 55ᶜ מרים … שׁנִשְׁתַּמְּדָה וכ׳ Miriam … who renounced her religion, and married a Roman officer; Tosef. Succ. IV, 28ᵈ; Bab. Succ. 56ᵇ Ms. M. (ed. שהמירה דתה). ↗ expanded

שְׁמַד Pa. שַׁמֵּד to force to apostasy. Y. Shebi. IV, 35ᵃ bot. לא מתכוון מְשַמַּדְתְּכוֹן he has no intention to make you abandon your religion (to persecute you for your religion’s sake), but only to collect taxes &c.; Y. Snh. III, 21ᵇ top משמדתהון (corr. acc.). Ib. לא אתכוון מְשַׁמַּדְתְּהוֹן וכ׳ he had no intention to force them to violate their religious laws, but merely wanted to eat fresh bread; Y. Shebi. l. c. מְשַׁמַּדְתּוֹן. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּמַּד to renounce one’s religion, apostatize. Targ. O. Ex. XII, 43 (h. text בן נכר).—Kidd. 72ᵃ שמתינהו … ואִישְׁתַּמּוּד R. A. excommunicated them, and they renounced Judaism. ↗ expanded

שְׁמָד (preced.) [attempt at destruction,] religious persecution. Tosef. Ab. Zar. V (VI), 6 בי מוסייאות … שעת הש׳ אע"פ שעבר הש׳ וכ׳ altars which gentiles have put up at a time of religious persecution are forbidden (as to the use of the materials) even after the persecution is over; Y. ib. V, 45ᵃ top; Bab. ib. 54ᵃ Ms. M. (ed. בשעת הגזירה). Tosef. Sabb. XV (XVI), 17 במה דברים אמורים שלא בשעת הש׳ אבל בשעת הש׳ וכ׳ this (that one may violate religious laws to save his life) is said only when there is no general religious persecution, but during a persecution one must give up his life even for the least essential law; Snh. 74ᵃ Ms. M. (ed. גזירת המלכות). Cant. R. to II, 5 שלפי הש׳, v. שֶׁלֶף; Sabb. 60ᵃ Ms. M. (ed. הגזרה); a. fr.—Pl. שְׁמָדִים, שְׁמָדִין. Gen. R. s. 67 (ref. to Gen. XXVII, 40) אם ראית … גזור עליו ש׳ וכ׳ when thou (Esau-Rome) seest thy brother (Jacob) cast off the yoke of the Law, decree persecutions over him, and thou shalt have power over him. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 5 שכמה ש׳ גזרו עלינו בימיה for they decreed many persecutions over us in her (Rome’s) days; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁמָדָא Ḥull. 101ᵇ ש׳ הוא דהוה וכ׳ Ms. M. it was a time of persecution (when Jews were forbidden to observe their festive days), and they sent word from there (Palestine) that this year’s Day of Atonement should be observed on a Sabbath day. Gen. R. s. 79 הוו טמירין … ביומא דש׳ were hidden in a cave for thirteen years during the (Hadrianic) persecution; Koh. R. to X, 8. Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵇ top בשעת שׁוּמְדָּא; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁמָדוֹן (preced.) Sh’madon, name of a demon. Gen. R. s. 36 שידא ש׳ (not שמר׳; Ar. אשמדון; cmp. אַשְׁמְדַאי); Yalk. ib. 61. ↗ expanded

שָׁמָּה , v. שָׁם ↗ expanded

שַׁמָּה desolation. M. Kat. 17ᵃ Ms. M., v. שַׁמְתָּא. ↗ expanded

שְׁמָהָן , v. שְׁמָא ↗ expanded

שְׁמוּאֵל (b. h.) Samuel, S. the prophet. Ber. 10ᵇ כש׳ הרמתי as Samuel the Ramathite (who declined all offers of hospitality). Naz. 5ᵃ. Sabb. 55ᵇ sq. כל האומר בני ש׳ חטאו וכ׳ whoever says that the sons of S. sinned, errs. Gen. R. s. 85 בבית דינו של ש׳ in Samuel’s court of justice; a. fr. ש׳ הקטן S. the Little, a Tannai. Ber. 28ᵇ עמד ש׳ הק׳ וכ׳ Samuel the Little arose and arranged it (the benediction concerning the Minim, v. מִין III). Y. Hor. III, end, 48ᶜ; Y. Sot. IX, 24ᵇ. Snh. 11ᵃ. Ab. IV, 19; a. e. Samuel, the Babylonian, contemporary of Rab, and founder of the college of Nehardea. Keth. 43ᵇ (surnamed Shaḳud); Y. ib. IV, 28ᵇ bot. (Shoḳed). Y. Taan. IV, 68ᵃ ש׳ ואילין וכ׳ S. and those of the house of Shila &c. B. Mets. 85ᵇ, v. יַרְחִינָאָה. R. Hash. 20ᵇ. Snh. 17ᵇ; Shebu. 47ᵃ, v. רַב II. Sabb. 53ᵃ, v. אַרְיוֹךְ; a. v. fr. name of several Amoraim. Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ top ש׳ הזקן. Sot. 10ᵇ ש׳ סבא.—Y. Kil. II, 28ᵃ; ib. IV, 29ᶜ; a. fr.—S. bar Naḥmani or Naḥman. Y. Ter. VIII, end, 46ᶜ. Ber. l. c.; a. fr.—S. bar Imi or Ammi. Y. Kidd. III, 63ᵈ bot. Sot. l. c.; a. fr.; and several others. V. Fr. M’bo, p. 125ᵃ, sq. ↗ expanded

שְׁמוֹדַע , v. אִשְׁתְּמוֹדַע I ↗ expanded

שִׁמּוּט , v. שִׁימּוּט ↗ expanded

שָׁמוּט (שָׁמַט) nimble, long and thin. Tosef. Bekh. V, 1; Bekh. 43ᵇ צוארו שקוט וש׳ one whose neck is sunk (very short), or shamuṭ, expl. דאריך וש׳ long and nimble. ↗ expanded

שְׁמוּטָא —Pl. שְׁמוּטֵי. Keth. 60ᵇ הוו לה בני ש׳ will have children with long necks. ↗ expanded

שָׁמוֹטָא (preced.) long stretched, name of a species of locusts. Targ. I Kings VIII, 37 (ed. Wil. שְׁמוֹ׳; h. text חסיל); Targ. II Chr. VI, 28. Targ. Joel I, 4.—[Targ. Ez. XXIII, 20 שְׁמוֹטָא, read with ed. Lag. שמשא; v. Kimḥi a. l.] ↗ expanded

שְׁמוֹן , Y. Orl. I, 61ᵃ bot., v. שְׁמָא ↗ expanded

שְׁמוֹנֶה , v. שְׁמֹנֶה ↗ expanded

שִׁמּוּעַ , v. שִׁימּוּעַ ↗ expanded

שַׁמּוּעַ (b. h.) pr. n. m. Shammua, father of R. Eleazar. Yeb. 62ᵇ. Erub. 53ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׁמוּעַ (שָׁמַע) = מִשְׁמָע, sense, understanding. Y. Snh. X, 29ᵇ bot. (ref. to Ps. LX, 9) מנשה כשְׁמוּעוֹ Manasseh is to be taken in its ordinary sense (as referring to king Manasseh; (Num. R. s. 14 beg. כמשמעו). Y. Yoma II, end, 40ᵃ כל ששמועו מרובה ושמועו וכ׳ wherever a Biblical text may be understood as comprising a larger or a smaller number, you must adopt the smaller number; Sifra M’tsorʿa, Zab., ch. VII, Par. 5 (Tosaf. to Succ. 5ᵇ quotes שמשמעו). ↗ expanded

שְׁמוּעָא v. שְׁמוּעֲתָא, a. שֵׁמַע ch. ↗ expanded

שָׁמוֹעָא (שְׁמַע) listening, attentive. Targ. Prov. XXI, 28 (some ed. שָׁמוּעָה). one that surrenders himself to the enemy, deserter. — Pl. שָׁמוֹעַיָּא. Targ. II Kings XXV, 11; Targ. Jer. LII, 15 Kimḥi (ed. שְׁמִיעיָּא; h. text הנפלים). reporter of a tradition. — Pl. שָׁמוֹעִין. Y. Ber. V, 9ᵇ bot. לא בגין … ש׳ וכ׳ not because you are two reporters (is this the adopted law), but because of &c. ↗ expanded

שָׁמוּעָה , v. preced. ↗ expanded

שְׁמוּעָה report, news. R. Hash. 3ᵃ (ref. to Num. XXI, 1) מה ש׳ שמע וכ׳ what was the report he heard? He heard that Aaron was dead. Ib. 18ᵇ שבו באת ש׳ וכ׳ on it (the fifth of Tebeth) came the report to the captivity that the city was taken (Ez. XXXIII, 21); עשו יום ש׳ וכ׳ they observed mourning on the day they heard the news, as they would have done on the day when the Temple was burnt. Keth. 62ᵃ ש׳ דבית המקדש the news of the destruction of the Temple. M. Kat. 20ᵇ, a. fr. ש׳ רחוקה the news of the death of a relative received after thirty days from the time of death; ש׳ קרובה news received within thirty days. Snh. 110ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁמוּעוֹת. Ber. IX, 2, v. בְּשׂוֹרָה. M. Kat. 26ᵃ ש׳ הרעות bad news; a. v. fr. tradition, traditional decision, legal discussion (הֲלָכָה). Ib. 23ᵃ אין אומרים ש׳ והגדה וכ׳ you must not speak of legal subjects or homiletical interpretations in the house of mourning. Snh. 88ᵃ הוא אומר מפי הש׳ if he says, I gave my decision on the basis of a tradition, opp. כך הוא בעיני it is my own opinion. Eduy. V, 7 אני עמדתי בשְׁמוּעָתִי … בשְׁמוּעָתָן I stood by my tradition, and they by theirs. Erub. 64ᵃ כל האומר ש׳ זו וכ׳ he who says, this traditional decision is good, the other is not &c. Men. 18ᵃ כמדומה אני שלא כיווננו שְׁמוּעָתֵינוּ וכ׳ it seems to me that until now our traditions did not correspond; Tosef. Zeb. II, 17 שמועתן (corr. acc.); a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Ḥag. 14ᵃ גבור בעל ש׳ ‘a mighty man’ (Is. III, 2) that means a man knowing many legal traditions.—[שְׁמוּעָה in Chald. dict., v. next w.] ↗ expanded

שְׁמוּעֲתָא hearing. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 1, v. שְׁמִיעָא. report, news. Targ. I Sam. II, 24. Targ. Ps. CXII, 7; a. fr. (also h. form שְׁמוּעָה) tradition, traditional decision, law. Y. Succ. I, 52ᵇ ר׳ חייא … עביד לה ש׳ וכ׳ R. Ḥ.… decided the matter by referring to a tradition &c. Y. Maas. Sh. II, 53ᶜ top ולא ידעינן אם מן ש׳ אם מן מתניתא and we do not know whether he quoted a tradition (of Amoraim) or a Mishnah. Y. Peah III, 17ᵈ top ש׳ כן וכ׳ the traditional law is this: he that &c. Y. Gitt. IX, beg. 50ᵃ ש׳ רובא ממתניתא the traditional law goes farther than the Mishnah. Y. R. Hash. II, 58ᵇ top מרה דש׳ the authority for that tradition; (Y. Snh. I, 18ᶜ bot. דשמעתא); a. fr.—Pl. שְׁמוּעֲיָין, שְׁמוּעָתָא. Targ. Cant. V, 10 שמועיין חדתין ed. Lag. (ed. Vien. שְׁמוּעִין).—Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ top מרי ש׳ = בעל שמועות, v. preced. ↗ expanded

שִׁמּוּר , v. שִׁימּוּר ↗ expanded

שְׁמוּרַת , v. שְׁמִירָה II ↗ expanded

שִׁמּוּשׁ , v. sub שׁימּ׳. ↗ expanded

שַׁמּוּתִי (v. שַׁמְּתָא) one that is under the ban and cannot be quoted as an authority. Nidd. 7ᵇ בחייו … דר׳ אליעזר ש׳ הוא וכ׳ why did he not reinstate the practice in agreement with R. Eliezers’s opinion in his (R. Eliezer’s) life-time? Because R. El. was under the ban, and it was thought, if we act according to his opinion in one thing, we (people) might do so in other things, and out of respect for R. El. we should be unable to interfere &c. Sabb. 130ᵇ חדא דר׳ אל׳ ש׳ וכ׳ first of all, R. El. being under the ban dare not be quoted as an authority, and secondly one against many &c. Y. Bets. I, 60ᶜ top ור׳ ליעזר לא ש׳ הוא but is not R. Liezer under the ban? (how can you quote him as an authority?); Y. Ter. V, 43ᶜ bot. ↗ expanded

שַׁמּוּתִית , v. שְׁחַמְתִּית ↗ expanded

שמזג , v. שַׁמְגַּז ↗ expanded

שָׂמַח (b. h.) to be merry, rejoice. Meg. 13ᵇ ש׳ שמחה גדולה he rejoiced exceedingly. M. Kat. 18ᵇ ראה … וש׳ he saw others do wrong and rejoiced over it; a. fr. Pi. שִׂימֵּחַ to make glad, cheer. B. Bath. 10ᵇ יְשַׂמֵּחַ את אשתו בדבר מצוה Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) let him make his wife cheerful by means of a good deed. R. Hash. 6ᵇ אשה בעלה מְשַׂמְּחָהּ as to a woman’s festive joy, her husband must rejoice her (with dresses &c.); Kidd. 34ᵇ. Pes. 109ᵃ חייב אדם לְשַׂמֵּחַ וכ׳ man is bound to gladden his children and the members of his household on the festival; במה מְשַׂמְּחָם wherewith should he gladden them? Keth. 8ᵃ (in marriage benedictions) מְשַׂמֵּחַ ציון בבניה who gladdens Zion through (restoring to her) her children; משמח חתן וכלה who gladdens bridegroom and bride; מש׳ חתן עם הכלה who gladdens the bridegroom with the bride; שַׂמֵּח תְּשַׂמַּח … כשַׂמֵּחֲךָ וכ׳ mayest thou gladden the beloved friends, as thou didst gladden thy creature (Adam) &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׂמֵחַ preced.) bright, joyful, joyous. Kidd. 66ᵃ היה ש׳ שמחה וכ׳ he rejoiced greatly (prepared a great festival), and invited &c. Ber. 5ᵃ, v. עָצֵב. Ib. 9ᵇ אדם … וש׳ במצות he is a great man and glad when he can do good. Meg. 10ᵇ אין הקב"ה ש׳ וכ׳ the Lord does not rejoice over the downfall of the wicked; a. v. fr.—Pl. שְׂמֵחִים, שְׂמֵחִין, שְׂמֵי׳. Sabb. 145ᵇ, v. מוֹעֵד. Yoma 21ᵇ עניים ש׳ … עצבין the poor are glad (because provisions will be cheap), and the property owners are sorry; B. Bath. 147ᵃ. Cant. R. to I, 10; Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵇ bot. והיו הדברים ש׳ וכ׳ and the words (of the Law which they quoted at the festive board) were as bright as when they were delivered from Sinai; a. fr.—Fem. שְׂמֵחָה, שְׂמֵי׳. Pesik. R. s. 20 כשנתן … ארץ ש׳ ושמים בוכין when the Lord gave Israel the Law, the earth was glad, and the heavens wept; a. fr.—Pl. שְׂמֵחוֹת, שְׂמֵי׳. Pesik. R. s. 21 בפנים ש׳ with a cheerful contenance; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׂמְחָה preced.) joy, rejoicing, festive occasion. Keth. 8ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) אפושי ש׳ בעלמא הוא it is merely an extension of the wedding joy (not a new festive occasion). Ib. מברך שהש׳ במעונו he says the benediction containing the words, ‘in whose dwelling there is joy.’ Y. B. Bath. IX, 16ᵈ bot. שִׂמְחַת זכר the joy over the birth of a male child. Gen. R. s. 70; M. Kat. 8ᵇ ש׳ בש׳, v. עָרב I; a. fr.—Esp. שמחת יום טוב, or ש׳ the rejoicing on the festival (Deut. XVI, 11; 14). R. Hash. 6ᵇ איתה בש׳ she (woman) is included in the commandment to observe the festival with joy. Ḥag. 6ᵃ חנה … מיחייבא בש׳ was not Hannah herself bound to visit the Temple in order to rejoice? Pes. 109ᵃ בזמן … אין ש׳ אלא בבשר … אין ש׳ אלא ביין as long as the Temple stood, the festive rejoicing consisted in eating meat (of the peace-offering), … but now … the festive celebration consists in partaking of wine; a. fr.—Pl. שְׂמָחוֹת. Zeb. 102ᵃ חמש ש׳ היתה וכ׳ Elisheba had five joys (distinctions) more than ordinary daughters of Israel: her brother-in-law (Moses) was king &c.; a. e.—ש׳ (מסכת) S’maḥoth, one of the small treatises of Talmud Babli, euphem. for אבל רבתי, v. אֵבֶל. ↗ expanded

שַׁמְחַזָּאִי Shamhazzai, name of a fallen angel. Targ. Y. Gen. VI, 4.—Nidd. 61ᵃ סיחון … בר ש׳ הוו Sihon and Og were the sons of Aḥiah son of Sh. ↗ expanded

שָׁמַט to slip; (act. verb) to loosen, detach; to carry off, steal. Num. R. s. 4²⁰ (ref. to II Sam. VI, 6) למה שָׁמְטוּ why did they slip (turn off)? M. Kat. 24ᵃ שמטו חזירים וכ׳ swine dragged his body off. Y. Ber. III, 5ᵈ bot., a. e. שׁוֹמֵט וכ׳, v. קְלִבִּנְטִירִין. Ib. מטה … שׁוֹמְטָן ודיו in the case of a bed the poles of which are movable, one (in mourning) detaches them, and that is sufficient; Y. Ned. VII, end, 40ᶜ שומטו (corr. acc.). B. Mets. 104ᵃ שׁוֹמְטוֹ מעל גבי בניו he may take it (the pledge) from the back of his (the debtor’s) sons. Ex. R. s. 43 והם שׁוֹמְטִים וכ׳, v. טֶטְרָאמוּלִי. Y. Keth. V, 30ᵇ היתה שׁוֹמֶטֶת עצמה וכ׳ she slipped away from under him; Sot. 9ᵇ נִשְׁמְטָה (Nif.). Gen. R. s. 14 שׁוֹמְטָהּ, v. צָרַר I. Pesik. R. s. 20 נִשְׁמוֹט אותה let us abandon her (that she may not find her way home); מיד שְׁמָטוּהָ (not שמוטה) and so they abandoned her. Lev. R. s. 34 יִשְׁמוֹט, v. חָלַץ. Gen. R. s. 20 שומט גידין וכ׳ it (the serpent) draws out fibres (v. גִּיד) and eats them. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIV (ref. to Deut. IV, 34 גוי מקרב גוי) כאדם ששומט את העובר וכ׳ as a man draws an embryo out of its mother’s womb. Ib. למדנו צער לנִשְׁמָט לשומט מנין we learn here that there was pain for the body drawn out (Israel), whence do we learn that it was painful for him that drew out (for the Lord who redeemed them)?; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁמוּט; f. שְׁמוּטָה. Ḥull. 54ᵃ ש׳ ושחוטה וכ׳ if the trachea was found detached, yet cut through, the animal is kasher; שא"א לש׳ וכ׳ for it is impossible that a loose trachea should be cut through (therefore the detachment must have taken place after the ritual cutting). Ib. 57ᵃ, a. e. שְׁמוּטַת ורך an animal with a dislocated thigh-bone; שמוטת וד with a dislocated foreleg; a. e.—V. שָׁמוּט. Nif. נִשְׁמַט to be detached, slip away. Midr. Till. l. c., v. supra. Sot. l. c., v. supra. Num. R. s. 1⁸ הר חורב שעליו נִשִׁמְטָה החרב וכ׳ it is named mount Horeb, because on it the sword (of judgment) was unsheathed (for crimes); (Yalk. ib. 684 נמשכה; Yalk. Ps. 796 נמתחה). Macc. II, 1, v. קַתְּ. Sifra Emor, ch. II, Par. 3 (expl. שרוע, Lev. XXI, 18) שנשמטה יריכו (Rabad שנשתרבבה) whose hip is dislocated. Cant. R. to V, 16 (ממנו) נשמטה נפשו his soul slipped away (from him), he fainted; a. fr.—[Tosef. ‘Uktsin I, 2 (Tbul Yom III) נשמטין, read with ed. Zuck. נִכְסָסִין.] Pi. שִׁמֵּט to loosen, pluck, esp. to thin a thicket of reeds. Tosef. Shebi. I, 7; Y. ib. II, 33ᵈ top מְשַׁמְּטִין בקנים you may thin reeds (in the Sabbatical year); מקום … ולְשַׁמֵּט וכ׳ where it is customary to clear vines and to thin reeds before &c.; a. e. to drag forth. Pesik. R. s. 17 ומְשַׁמְּטִים הבכורות מבין וכ׳ and the dogs dragged the dead bodies of the first-born out of the burial caves; Yalk. Ex. 186; a. e. (v. שְׁמִטָּה) to cause release from debt; to cause cessation of field labor; (neut. verb) to come under the law of limitation of the Sabbatical year; (of the ground) to rest. Shebi. X, 1 שביעית מְשַׁמֶּטֶת את המלוה וכ׳ the Sabbatical year causes cancellation of (cash) debts, whether verbal or written; הקפת … אינה משמטת, v. הַקָּפָה; שכר שכיר אינו מְשַׁמֵּט a hired man’s wages do not come under the law of sh’miṭṭah; ib. 2 המוסר … אינן משמטין (not אינו) if one hands his notes over to the court, they are not subject to the law of limitation; ib. האונס … וכל מעשה ב"ד אינן משמטין fines for outrage …, and all obligations arising from legal procedures do not come under the law &c.; ib. 3, v. פְּרוֹזְבּוֹל; [Y. ed. מַשְׁמִיט, מַשְׁמִיטִין &c. Hif. interch. with Pi.]. Sifra B’ḥuck., Par. 2, ch. VII אני אמרתי … ומשמטים לי אחת וכ׳ I have told you that you may sow six years, and let the ground rest for me one year, that you may know &c.; עמדו וגלו והיא תְשַׁמֵּט מאליה כל שמיטים וכ׳ go ye and be carried into exile, and it (the land) will rest of itself (making up for) all the Sabbatical years &c.; Yalk. Lev. 675 והיא תַשְׁמִיט מאיליה עד שתרצה לפני כל שמיטין וכ׳. Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXXVIII הואיל ואין אתם משמיטין אותה היא תְשַׁמֵּט אתכם (ed. Schechter ואי אתם משמטים את הארץ) because you do not let the earth rest, she will abandon you; ומספר ירחים שאי אתם משמיטין אותה היא תשמט מאליה (ed. Schechter שאין אתם משמטים) and according to the number of months that you fail to let her rest, she will rest of herself. Gitt. 36ᵃ בזמן שאתה משמט … משמט כספים when thou art bound to let the ground rest, thou art bound to cancel debts; a. fr.—Snh. 97ᵃ כשם שהשביעית משמטת … כך העולם משמט וכ׳ as the Sabbatical year causes cessation of field work once every seven years, so shall the world rest (be waste) one millennium in every seven millenniums. to remit a debt. Gitt. 37ᵇ המחזיר חוב … יאמר לו משמט אני וכ׳ if a person pays a debt in the Sabbatical year, he (the creditor) must say, ‘I remit’ (and have no claim): but if he (the debtor) says, ‘nevertheless’, he may accept; Sabb. 148ᵇ; Sifré Deut. 112; a. e. to abandon, send away. Ab. d’R. N. l. c., v. supra. Hif. הִשְׁמִיט same, v. supra. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּמֵּט to slide, fall off. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 11 מִשְׁתַּמְּטוֹת, v. טֶלֶף. ↗ expanded

שְׁמַט to loosen, detach, break loose, take away. Targ. Y. Lev. XIV, 40 (h. text חלץ). Ib. 43. Targ. II Esth. III, 8.—Ned. 48ᵇ דהיה שָׁמֵיט וכ׳ who was in the habit of stealing flax balls. B. Bath. 28ᵇ מִשְׁמַט הוא דקא שמיט ואכיל he plucks and eats (as the fruits grow, but does not harvest); a. e.—Part. pass. שָׁמִיט; f. שְׁמִיטָא. Gen. R. s. 68 דין עיניה ש׳ (some ed. שְׁמִיטָה; oth. שְׁמוּטָה Hebraism) one of them had an eye taken out (in a quarrel); Lev. R. s. 8; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 5 שמיטי (corr. acc.). (neut. verb) to slip off, glide. Targ. Y. I Deut. XIX, 5 יִשְׁמוֹט (Y. II יִשְׁמֵיט; ed. Vien. יַשְׁמִיט, corr. acc.).— to be released, rest, lie fallow. Targ. O. Lev. XXVI, 35 שְׁמַטַת ed. Berl. (oth. ed. שְׁמֵיטַת; ed. Vien. שְׁמָטָא, read: שְׁמָטַת). Targ. II Chr. XXXVI, 21. to let rest, leave fallow, v. infra. Af. אַשְׁמֵיט to release, remit a debt. Targ. Deut. XV, 2. to rest, lie fallow. Targ. O. Lev. XXVI, 34, sq.; a. e. to abandon, let lie fallow. Targ. O. Ex. XXIII, 11 (Y. ed. Vien. תִּשְׁ׳, Pe.); a. e.—[Targ. Y. II, Deut. XIX, 5, v. supra.] Pa. שַׁמֵּט to cause remission of debt. Gitt. 36ᵃ מדאורייתא מְשַׁמְּטָא … דלא משמטא by Biblical law the Sabbatical year brings remission, and how could Hillel ordain that it should not bring remission? Ib.ᵇ ותקינו … דתְשַׁמֵּט וכ׳ and the Rabbis had ordained that it should bring remission as a remembrance of the (Biblical) Sabbatical year; a. e. to let go, drop, discard. Tanḥ. Vayishl. 8 [read:] שַׁמְּטֵיה discard it (the vow), v. שִׁטְפָא. to tear off. B. Kam. 117ᵃ שמטיה וכ׳, v. קוֹעָא. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּמֵּט, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּמִיט to slip off, be dislocated; to break loose. Targ. Y. Num. XXV, 8. Targ. Y. Lev. XXI, 18 דמִשְׁתְּמִיט יריכיה (h. text שרוע), v. preced.—Yoma 87ᵃ bot., v. קוֹעָא; a. e. to relieve one’s self; to escape, get rid. Targ. II Chr. XXI, 8. Targ. Ps. CXLI, 6.—B. Mets. 3ᵇ אִשְׁתַּמּוּטֵי הוא דקא מישתמיט וכ׳ he tries to get rid of him (for the moment), thinking, when I have the money, I shall pay him. Ib. 17ᵃ; a. e.—B. Bath. 48ᵇ דלא הוה ליה לאישתמוטי Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) when he had no way of getting loose (by some subterfuge). Ḥull. 120ᵃ אִשְׁתְּמִיטְתֵּיה הא וכ׳ that which was said in the West escaped his attention. B. Kam. 12ᵃ אִישְׁתַּמְּטִין עולא Ulla has escaped us (was afraid to oppose me); a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁמִטָּא , v. שְׁמִטְּתָא ↗ expanded

שְׁמִטָּה preced.) release, rest, esp. cancellation of debts, and rest of the soil, in the Sabbatical year. M. Kat. 2ᵇ; Gitt. 36ᵃ שְׁמִיטַּת קרקע the rest of the soil; שמיטת כספים the cancelling of cash debts. Sifré Deut. 111 הש׳ שאין נוהג וכ׳ (sub. דבר) the law of the Sabbatical year which applies only to Palestine. Ib. בא"י שאת עושה ש׳ in Palestine where you observe the Sabbatical year. Ib. 112 ש׳ משמטת מלוה וכ׳ the Sabbatical year causes cancellation of debts, but the year of the jubilee does not; a. fr.—Ab. V, 9 על שמיטת הארץ וכ׳ (Mish. ed. הַשְׁמָטַת) for the neglect of the laws concerning land in the Sabbatical year and in the year of the jubilee; Sabb. 33ᵃ השמטת שמטין וכ׳.—Pl. שְׁמִטֹּות, שְׁמִטִּים, שְׁמִטִּין, שְׁמִיטּ׳. M. Kat. l. c.; Gitt. l. c. בשתי ש׳ וכ׳ the text (Deut. XV, 2) speaks of two releases, the release of the land &c., v. supra. R. Hash. I, 1 באחד … ר"ה לשנים לש׳ וכ׳ the first of Tishri is the New Year for years, for Sabbatical years, and for jubilees. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXXV אם … ועשו את הש׳ וכ׳ if they give forth the tithes, and observe the Sabbatical years &c. Sabb. 33ᵃ, v. supra. Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXXVIII, v. שָׁמַט; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁמְטוּטִין (שָׁמַט) slips, shoots. Cant. R. to I, 15; IV, 1 שַׁמְטוּטֵי, v. שַׁבְטוּטִין. ↗ expanded

שמטי , Tanḥ. Vayishl. 8, read: שַׁמְּטֵיה, v. שְׁמַט ↗ expanded

שְׁמִטְּתָא = h. שְׁמִטָּה. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXIII, 24. Targ. ib. XV, 1 (Y. ed. Vien. שְׁמִיטָתָא, corr. acc.); a. fr.—Y. Shebi. IV, 35ᵇ; Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44ᵇ; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁמִטָּתָא, שְׁמִטִּין, שְׁמִיטּ׳. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXIII, 24. Targ. Y. Ex. XII, 40 תלתין ש׳ דשנין thirty septennial priods; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁמַּי , v. שַׁמַּאי ↗ expanded

שְׁמֵי , v. שָׁמַיִם, a. next w. ↗ expanded

שְׁמַיָּא = h. שָׁמַיִם, heaven; trnsf. God. Targ. Gen. I, 1. Targ. Deut. X, 14. Targ. Y. Num. XXV, 19 (XXVI, 1); a. v. fr.—Ber. 58ᵇ שבילי דש׳ (Ms. M. דרקיעא), v. נְהַר I. Ib. 7ᵇ; Keth. 105ᵇ, a. fr. מילי דש׳, v. מִילָּא II. Ḥag. 12ᵇ חשוכא קמי ש׳, v. חֲשֹׁוכָא II. Snh. 105ᵃ כלפי ש׳, v. חוּצְפָּא. Y. Ned. XI, end, 42ᵈ, v. רָחִיק II; a. v. fr. שְׁמֵי שַׁרְיָיתָא, שְׁמֵי טְלָלָא arch, ceiling. Targ. I Kings VI, 15.—Ber. 48ᵃ, v. טְלָלָא; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁמִיטָא = h. שָׁמוּט nimble, thin. Bekh. 45ᵇ (expl. קפח, Mish. ib. VII, 6) באריכא ש׳ סניא it means one disgustingly long and thin. loose, detached, v. שְׁמַט. ↗ expanded

שְׁמִיטָּא , v. sub שְׁמִטּ׳. ↗ expanded

שַׁמַּיי , v. שַׁמַּאי ↗ expanded

שְׁמַיָּיא , v. שְׁמַיָּא ↗ expanded

שְׂמִיכָה a heavy cover, cloak. Lev. R. s. 23; Yalk. ib. 585; Yalk. Jud. 44 (explained סוּדְרָא, מְשִׁיכְלָא); ib. חזרנו … שׄמׄיׄ כׄהׄ וכ׳ we went over the whole Bible and could not find s’mikhah as the name of a garment, but (it is to be interpreted,) my (God’s) name testifies for her that this man did not touch her. ↗ expanded

שָׁמַיִם du. m. du. (b. h.) heaven; trnsf. Heaven, God. Gen. R. s. 1 הש׳ נבראו תחלה the heaven was first created. Tam. 32ᵃ top מן הש׳ לארץ וכ׳ is it farther from heaven to earth, or from east to west? Lam. R. introd. (R. Joh. 1) מִשְּׁמֵי מרום from the high heavens. Ned. XI, 12 (90ᵇ) ש׳ ביני לביניך heaven is between me and thee (I have an unconquerable aversion to associating with thee, v. Y. ib. 42ᵈ bot., quot. s. v. רָחִיק II; differ. in comment.). R. Hash. 19ᵃ אי ש׳ by Heaven! B. Mets. 37ᵃ לצאת ידי ש׳ to do his duty towards God (v. יָצָא).—Kidd. 40ᵃ, a. e. רע לש׳, v. רַע.—Snh. XI, 5, a. e. בידי ש׳, v. מִיתָה.—ירא ש׳, יראת ש׳, מלכות ש׳ &c., v. respective determinants. ↗ expanded

שָׁמִין 1 (v. שְׁמִינִי) Shamin, a coin, one eighth of an Italian Isar (As). Kidd. 12ᵃ שתי פרוטות לש׳ the Shamin has two P’ruṭahs; Tosef. B. Bath. V, 12 לשמן ed. Zuck. (Var. לשווין, corr. acc.); Y. Kidd. I, 58ᵈ שני פרוטות שמין.—Pl. שְׁמֹנִין. Kidd. l. c. שני ש׳ להנץ two Shamins make one Hannets (v. הַנֵּץ); Tosef. l. c.; Y. Kidd. l. c. שני שמין ניצים (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שָׁמִין = h. שָׁמֵן, fat. Targ. Y. Gen. XVIII, 8. Ib. 7; v. שְׁמַן. ↗ expanded

שְׁמֵינ־ , v. sub שְׁמֵנ׳. ↗ expanded

שמינונית , v. שַׁמְנוּנִית ↗ expanded

שְׁמִינִי eighth; one eighth. Sifra Sh’mini, Milluim, beg. ש׳ למנין the eighth day in the order of counting (from the initiation of the priests); ש׳ לחדש the eighth day of the month. Y. Sabb. VIII, 11ᵃ bot.; Y. Pes. X, 37ᶜ bot. חצי שמינית half an eighth (of a Log); a. v. fr.—Esp. שמיני, or ש׳ של חג the eighth day of the Succoth festival. Succ. 47ᵃ אומרים זמן בש׳ של חג we recite the benediction for the entrance of a festival (זְמָן) on the eighth day &c. Ib., a. fr. ש׳ רגל וכ׳ the eighth day is a festival for itself; a. fr.—Pl. fem. שְׁמִינִיּוֹת. Yalk. Esth. 1048 ארבעים ש׳ (not שמציות) forty eighths (of a Kab), v. תּוֹמָן. ↗ expanded

שְׁמִיעַ , v. שְׁמַע I ↗ expanded

שָׁמִיעָא , pl. שְׁמִיעַיָּא, v. שָׁמוֹעָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁמִיעָא f. = next w. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 1 יהב ש׳ וכ׳ ascribed hearing to &c. (Y. II שמועתא). ↗ expanded

שְׁמִיעָה (שָׁמַע) hearing, listening. R. Hash. 25ᵇ לא תהא ש׳ גדולה מראייה hearing (the statement of witnesses) ought not to be of greater legal value than seeing (if the judges themselves have seen the new phase of the moon). Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᶜ bot. הולכין אחר שְׁמִיעַת בת קול you may be guided by what you hear, considering it as a divine voice (it is not a divination practice to be forbidden). Ib. נלך בתר שמיעת בת קול let us be guided by what we shall hear. Cant. R. to II, 3 ישראל … הקדימו אמנה לש׳ the Israelites in Egypt advanced belief to hearing (Ex. IV, 31); בסיני … עשייה לש׳ at Sinai they advanced doing to hearing (ib. XXIV, 7; Sabb. 88ᵃ, Gitt. 7ᵃ נעשה לנשמע). Nidd. 31ᵃ שמיעת האוזן the faculty of hearing; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׁמִיר [pointed,] thorn; flint, diamond; (in legend) shamir, a worm that cuts stones with its glance. Sot. IX, 12 משחרב … בטל הש׳ with the destruction of the Temple the shamir ceased to exist. Ib. 48ᵇ; Tosef. ib. XV, 1; Y. ib. IX, 24ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁמִיר ² flint. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 13 (h. text חלמיש). Targ. Ps. CXIV, 8. Targ. Job XXVIII, 9. diamond; shamir. Targ. Ez. III, 9. Targ. Zech. VII, 12; a. e.—Gitt. 68ᵃ איכא ש׳ דאייתיה וכ׳ there is the shamir which Moses used for the jewels of the Ephod. Ib.ᵇ בעינא … ש׳ I want to build the Temple, and want the shamir; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁמִירָה 1 (שָׁמַר) watching, guarding. Y. Maasr. II, 49ᵈ bot. חצר בית ש׳ a well-guarded court (= חצר המשתמרת, v. חָצֵר). Y. Sabb. II, 5ᵇ top אינו צריך ש׳ (omit ליה) is not in need of special guard (against dangers). B. Mets. 42ᵃ; Pes. 31ᵇ, v. כֶּסֶף. B. Kam. I, 1 שְׁמִירָתָן עליך thou art bound to guard them. Ib. 2 כל שחבתי בשְׁמִירָתוֹ, v. חוּב h. Ib. 4ᵃ אדם שְׁמִירת גופו עליו הוא a human being is his own guard (the employer has no responsibility for injury done by the employee).—Num. R. s. 4⁴ יש פקידה לש׳ trust (the root פקד) is used in the sense of guarding (taking charge). Ex. R. s. 25, end על שמירת יום וכ׳ the son of David comes as a reward for the observance of one Sabbath day; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁמִירוֹת. Yalk. Ps. 816 (ref. to שמרות, Ps. LXXVII, 5) כל שְׁמִירוֹתַי בלילה all my watchings (waiting for help) are held by night; Midr. Till. to Ps. l. c. שמרותי (ed. Bub. מידותי, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שְׁמִירָה 2 Sh’mirah, wife of Nebuchadnezzar. Lev. R. s. 19, end רב הונא אמר ש׳ שמה Rab H. says, her name was Sh’mirah; R. A. says, שְׁמִירָמוֹת שמה her name was Sh’miramoth; the Rabbis say שְׁמִירַעַם שמה her name was Sh’miraʿam. Yalk. Jer. 309 עד שהגיעו לש׳ אשתו וכ׳ (some ed. שְׁמִירַת) until they came to Sh., the wife &c.; Tanḥ. Vayikra 6 שְׁמוּרַת. ↗ expanded

שמירה , Y. Dem. I, 21ᵈ top, v. שׁוּמְּרָה ↗ expanded

שמירון , Y. Keth. II, 26ᶜ bot., v. סִימִירוֹן ↗ expanded

שְׁמִירָמוֹת , v. שְׁמִירָה II ↗ expanded

שַׁמִּית , v. שְׁמַת ↗ expanded

שַׁמִּיתָא (שְׁמַת) excommunicated, accursed. — Pl. שַׁמִּיתִין. Targ. Y. Deut. VII, 26. Ib. שַׁמְתִּין, v. שַׁמְתָּא. ↗ expanded

שַׁמְכָּא (cmp. שׁוּם III) onion. Keth. 60ᵇ Ar. (ed. כמכא; Alf. שמכי).—Pl. שַׁמְכֵּי. Sabb. 110ᵇ top ש׳ פרסאי Persian (large) onions. Arakh. 19ᵃ באתרא דתקלי ש׳ וכ׳ where they sell onions by the weight, he (that dedicates the weight of a certain person) can acquit himself of his vow even with onions. Kidd. 52ᵇ, v. מוֹזָא. Snh. 109ᵇ ↗ expanded

שמלאי , Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵈ top, v. שַׁלְמָאָה ↗ expanded

שַׂמְלַאי Samlai, name of several Amoraim. [Tradit. pronunc. Simlai.] Y. Sabb. I, 3ᵈ; Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵈ bot. ש׳ הדרומי; Bab. Ab. Zar. 36ᵃ ש׳ לודאה; ib. 37ᵃ (attendant of R. Judah han-Nasi). Pes. 62ᵇ. Ib. 121ᵇ. Y. Shek. IV, 48ᵃ top.—B. Bath. 111ᵃ (Ms. H. שמלא). Y. Meg. I, 72ᶜ bot.; Y. Taan. II, 65ᵈ bot. שמליי; Koh. R. to III, 14, v. בֵּירָא 3; a. fr.—V. Fr. M’bo, p. 127ᵃ ↗ expanded

שִׂמְלָה (b. h.) sheet, cover, garment. B. Mets. II, 5 (27ᵃ) (ref. to שלמה, Ex. XXII, 8) אף הש׳ היתה בכלל וכ׳ the case of the garment would have been included (as אֲבֵדָה), and why is it specified? מה ש׳ מיוחדת וכ׳ as the garment is individual property and can be identified by certain marks &c. Mekh. Mishp., s. 13, v. חָוַר; Sifré Deut. 237. Keth. 46ᵃ (ref. to Deut. XXII, 17), v. בָּרַר. Ib. ש׳ ממש it means the sheet in its real sense. Ib. פרשו מה ששָ֗םׄ לָ֗הּ֗ they spread (the refutation of) what he charged her with. Midr. Till. to Ps. XIX מה הש׳ הזאת what is this sheet (curtain) made of?; Yalk. ib. 672 מה היא הש׳ זו. Ḥag. 14ᵃ (ref. to Is. III, 6) [read:] דברים … מתכסין בהם כש׳ ישנן וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) things with which people cover themselves as with a garment (faith in divine protection, differ. in Rashi) are in thy possession; Sabb. 119ᵇ; Yalk. Is. 261; Yalk. Jer. 275; a. e.—Midr. Sam. ch. XX שמלתם, read: שבול׳, v. שִׁיבּוֹלֶת.]—V. שַׂלְמָה. ↗ expanded

שָׁמֵם (b. h.) [to stand still,] to be astonished; to be waste. Tosef. Sot. XV, 10 ונמצא ישראל ש׳ וזרע וכ׳ and as a consequence Israel will be laid waste, and the seed of Abraham cease. Y. Bets. II, 61ᶜ top פעם … ומצא אותה שׁוֹמֶמֶת once he entered the Temple court and found it deserted; יָשֹׁמּוּ בתיהם … שׁהֵשֵׁימּוּ וכ׳ (or יִשַּׁמּוּ) deserted be the homes of those who caused the house of our God to be laid waste; Y. Ḥag. II, 78ᵃ bot. שׁהֵישַׁמּוּ. Cant. R. to V, 5 ראה המדינה שוממת he (Cyrus) saw that the country was ruined. Y. Ber. IV, 8ᵃ ההרוסה והשׁוֹמֵמָה destroyed and deserted. Meg. III, 3 (ref. to Lev. XXVI, 31) קדושתן … שׁוֹמֵמִין (Y. ed. שׁוֹמֵימִין) they remain holy, even when they lie in ruins. Lam. R. introd. (R. Joḥ. 1) שָׁמְמָה עלי נפשי my soul within me is waste (mourns); a. fr. Pi. שִׁמֵּם to lay waste, ruin; to confound. Yalk. Prov. 959 אם זכה משמחו ואם לאו מְשַׁמְּמוֹ if a man is good, it (dreaming of wine) means joy to him, if not, it means confounding.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּמָּם; f. מְשׁוּמֶּמֶת. Tosef. Keth. VII, 10 מש׳ היא (ed. Zuck. שעמומית) she (my daughter) is confused in her mind; v. שִׁעֲמֵם, שַׁעֲמוּמִית. Hif. הֵשֵׁם same. Gen. R. s. 26 (play on אנשי השם, Gen. IV, 4) שׁהֵשִׁימּוּ את העולם ושהוּשַׁמּוּ … שׁיִשּׁוֹם they confounded the world, and they were ruined (driven) out of the world, and caused the world to be laid waste. Y. Bets. l. c.; Y. Ḥag. l. c., v. supra. Nif. נָשַׁם, , Hof. הוּשַׁם to be laid waste, ruined. Gen. R. l. c., v. supra. Sot. IX, 15; Cant. R. to II, 13 והגבלן יִשּׁוֹם, v. גַּבְלָן. Y. Bets. l. c.; Y. Ḥag. l. c., v. supra. Hithpol. הִשְׁתּוֹמֵם to be astounded. Gen. R. s. 4, end (expl. שׄמׄיׄםׄ) שהבריות מִשְׁתּוֹמְמִים … של אשׄ הן של מׄיׄםׄ הן men wonder at them, (asking) are they of fire? are they of water? to be waste, ruined. Kidd. 66ᵃ והיה העולם מִשְׁתּוֹמֵם וכ׳ and the (Jewish) world was ruined (demoralized), until Simon b. Sh. came and restored the Law &c. Sabb. 33ᵃ והדרכים מִשְׁתּוֹמְמִין and the roads are desolate; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁמַם Ithpa. אִשְׁתְּמַם to be desolate. Targ. Lam. IV, 5. to be confounded, mad. Targ. I Sam. XXI, 14 (h. text ויתהלל). Ithpol. אִשְׁתּוֹמֵם to be perplexed. Ḥull. 21ᵃ א׳ כשעה חדא (fr. Dan. IV, 16) he was perplexed for a moment (knew not what to answer). ↗ expanded

שַׁמָּם (preced.) confounded, demented.—Pl. שַׁמָּמִין. Cant. R. to IV, 7. ↗ expanded

שְׁמָמָה preced. wds.) waste, desolation. M. Kat. 17ᵃ, v. שַׁמְתָּא.—Pl. שְׁמָמוֹת, constr. שִׁמְמוֹת. Cant. R. to III, 4 (ref. to Is. XXI, 1) דרך ש׳ מדבר בא he (Nebuchadnezzar) came by the way of the deserts of the wilderness. Lam. R. introd., end (in an obscure passage) מש׳ הארץ from the deserts of the land. ↗ expanded

שְׂמָמִי , v. סְמָמִית, סְמָמִיתָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁמֵן 1 (b. h.) [to be smooth,] to be fat. Hif. הִשְׁמִין to grow fat, improve. Y. B. Kam. IX, beg. 6ᵈ גזל כחושה והִשְׁמִינָה if he took forcibly a lean animal, and it grew fat (in his possession); Tosef. B. Kam. VII, 17; Bab. B. Kam. 65ᵃ; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּמֵּן to become smooth, bright; to glisten. Gen. R. s. 34 כל שהוא … היא מִשְׁתַּמֶּנֶת the more he beats it (the flax), the more it will glisten; Yalk. ib. 95; Yalk. Ps. 654. Pi. שִׁמֵּן (denom. of (denom. of שֶׁמֶן) to oil. Men. 23ᵃ קומץ … שׁשִׁמְּנוֹ וכ׳ the handful of the sinner’s meal-offering on which he (the priest) put oil, … has become unfit for the altar; Yalk. Lev. 474. to smooth, level; ש׳ בין to compromise to average. B. Mets. 87ᵃ השוכר … מְשַׁמְּנִין ביניהם if one hires a laborer, saying, I will pay you as much as one or two of the inhabitants of the place get: he may pay him the lowest wages …; the scholars say, you compromise between them, i.e. you make him pay the average wages. B. Bath. VII, 4 האומר … משמנין ביניהם וכ׳ if one says to his neighbor, I sell thee one-half of my field (and one part is better than the other), we compromise between them, i.e. the field is divided into two portions of equal value, but the purchaser must take whichever portion the seller may assign to him; חציה בדרום … משמנין וכ׳ if he says, I sell thee half of the field on the south side, we compromise between them, and he gets his portion on the south side; expl. ib. 107ᵇ משמנין … לדמי ‘we compromise’ means according to value. Bekh. II, 6, sq. משמנין ביניהם we compromise between them, i.e. the priest takes the inferior of the twin animals, and the difference in value remains under litigation; expl. ib. 18ᵃ מהו משמנין שומן יהא ביניהן m’shamm’nin means, the fat one (the difference of value) remains to be decided &c., v. שׁוּמָן. ↗ expanded

שָׁמֵן preced.) fat, rich. Keth. 61ᵃ בשר ש׳ fat meat. Pes. 42ᵃ. Ḥull. 45ᵇ גדי שמן Rashi (ed. גדי שמינה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 8) a fat kid. Y. B. Kam. IX, beg. 6ᵈ גזל ש׳ והכחישה וכ׳ if he took by force a fat animal, and it became lean &c., v. שׁוּמָן; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁמֵנִים, שְׁמֵי׳; שְׁמֵנוֹת, שְׁמֵי׳. Gen. R. s. 66 דגים ש׳ יתיר מדאי exceedingly fat fish. Num. R. s. 16¹² אם … אם ש׳ whether its fruits are light or rich; ib. אם של צונמא … ש׳, v. צוֹנָם; Tanḥ. Sh’laḥ 6; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁמַן (preced. wds.) cream. Targ. O. Gen. XVIII, 8 (Y. לוואי שָׁמִין; h. text חמאה). Targ. Ps. LV, 22 ש׳ דגובנין (h. text מחמאות). fat. Targ. Is. XXX, 23. Targ. Y. Gen. XVIII, 7 שְׁמֵין.—V. שׁוּמְנָא. ↗ expanded

שֶׁמֶן preced. wds.) oil, fat. Sabb. II, 1 ש׳ שרפה oil of T’rumah which is condemned to be burnt on account of contamination; ש׳ קיק, v. קִיק. Ib. 2 ש׳ דגים fish-oil; ש׳ אגוזים nut-oil &c. Ib. 17ᵇ שׁמְנָן their oil, manufactured by gentiles; Ab. Zar. 36ᵃ. Ib. ש׳ רב יהודה וכ׳ as to gentiles’ oil, R. Judah and his court voted on it and permitted it. Pes. 83ᵇ; Ḥull. 91ᵃ; 92ᵇ שַׁמְנוֹ the fat surrounding the nervus ischiadicus, v. שׁוּמָן; a. fr.—עֵץ ש׳ pine-wood, v. עֵץ.—Pl. שְׁמָנִים, שְׁמָנִין. Sabb. II, 2 מתירין בכל הש׳ allow all kinds of oil to be used for Sabbath lights. Ib. 26ᵃ כל הש׳ יפין וכ׳ all oils are good for ink, but olive oil is the best. Y. Bicc. I, 64ᵇ top; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁמָּן Shimmon, v. שִׁמְעוֹן. ↗ expanded

שְׁמֵנָא c. (v. שָׁמִין II) fat, rich. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XLIX, 20 (ed. Vien. שְׁמֵינָה); a. e.—Lam. R. to III, 20, v. חֲשִׁיךְ II. B. Bath. 22ᵃ בשרא ש׳ fat meat; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁמֵנִין, שְׁמֵנַיָּא, שְׁמֵנֵי, שְׁמֵי׳. Targ. Y. I Deut. VI, 3. Targ. Y. I Gen. l. c. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 14, Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 14, v. לְוָואֵי. Targ. I Sam. XV, 9 (ed. Wil. שַׁמִי׳); a. fr.—Targ. Gen. IV, 4 משְׁמִינֵיהֶן ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. משַׁמִּנְהוֹן; ed. Lsb. משׁמְנִינֵי׳).—Gen. R. s. 22 (interpret. מחלבהן, Gen. IV, 4) מן שְׁמֵנֵיהוֹן from the fat among them; Yalk. ib. 35; Y. Meg. I, 72ᵇ bot. מן שְׁמֵינֵי׳; Num. R. s. 13, beg.; Lev. R. s. 9; Cant. R. to IV, 16. Yalk. Gen. 115; Gen. R. s. 67 (ref. to משמני, Gen. XXVII, 39) מן ש׳ דארעא of the fat (the rulers or the rich men) of the land. Ib. [read:] מן הן מתעבדא ארעא שמינא דעבדא שמינין מן טלא wherefrom does the earth become rich so that it begets rich men? From the dew; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁמֵנָה , v. שָׁמֵן II ↗ expanded

שְׁמֹנֶה (b. h.) eight. Kidd. 30ᵃ, v. פָּסוּק. Men. 30ᵃ ש׳ פסוקים שבתורה the last eight verses of the Pentateuch. Yoma VII, 5 כהן … בש׳ כלים וכ׳ the high priest officiates in eight garments, and the common priest in four. Gen. R. s. 98 (play on שמנה, Gen. XLIX, 20) שהוא מעמיד בגדי ש׳ he (Asher) raises those who wear eight garments (marrying his dowered daughters into priestly families); a. v. fr.—ש׳ עשרה eighteen. Lam. R. introd. (R. Josh. 2) ש׳ ע׳ שנה היתה בת וכ׳ for eighteen years in succession a voice came forth to Nebuchadnezzar &c.; a. fr.—Esp. ש׳ עשרה (with or sub. ברכות; abbrev. ש"ע) the eighteen benedictions of the daily prayer (תפלה). Ber. IV, 3 בכל יום … ש"ע וכ׳ on every ordinary day one must recite the eighteen benedictions &c.; מעין ש"ע an abstract of the eighteen &c. Tosef. ib. III, 25 ש"ע … כנגד ש׳ ע׳ הזכרות וכ׳ the eighteen benedictions … correspond to the eighteen invocations of the Divine Name in habu &c. (Ps. XXIX); Ber. 28ᵇ. Ib.; Meg. 17ᵇ הסדיר ש"ע וכ׳, v. סָדַר. Ab. V, 21, v. חוּפָּה; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁמֹנִים, שְׁמוֹ׳ eighty. Kidd. l. c. Ab. l. c. בן ש׳ at the age of eighty years; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁמְנוּנִית (שָׁמֵן) fatty, oily substance. Y. Meg. I, 71ᵃ כדי להעביר ש׳ וכ׳ in order to remove the fat from it (the knife); Y. Bets. III, end, 62ᵇ שמינ׳ (corr. acc.); Bab. Bets. 28ᵃ שַׁמְנוּנִיתָהּ. Y. Pes. II, 29ᶜ בשיש בהן ש׳ when there is fat in them. Ḥull. 111ᵃ top Rashi, v. next w.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁמְנוּנִיתָא , fat. Targ. Y. Gen. XLV, 18.—Ḥull. 111ᵃ top משום ש׳ on account of the fat (in the liver which is communicated to the substance boiled with it). ↗ expanded

שְׁמָנִי my name, v. שְׁמָא. Ḥull. 51ᵃ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 3). ↗ expanded

שְׁמֹנִים , v. שְׁמֹנֶה ↗ expanded

שְׁמֹנִין , pl. of שָׁמִין I. ↗ expanded

שַׁמְנִינֵי (שְׁמֵן) fat animals. Targ. O. Gen. IV, 4 ed. Lsb., v. שְׁמֵנָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁמַע (b. h.) [to be still,] to hear, listen, obey; to understand. R. Hash. IV, 2 כל עיר … ושׁוֹמַעַת וכ׳ every township near Jerusalem from where you can see (the city) and hear (the Shofar) &c. Ib. 21ᵇ עד שיִשְׁמְעוּ … מקודש until they heard from the mouth of the court m’ḳuddash (v. קָרַשׁ). Snh. 90ᵃ שְׁמַע לו listen to him (obey the prophet’s command); אל תִּשְׁמַע לו listen not to him. Keth. 5ᵇ אם יִשְׁמַע וכ׳ if a man hears an improper word &c., v. שָׁפָה II. Ber. 13ᵃ the text (Deut. VI, 4) says ‘hear’ (or ‘understand’), בכל לשון שאתה שׁוֹמֵעַ recite the Sh’mʿa in whatever language you understand. R. Hash. III, 7 אם קול שופר ש׳ if he heard the sound of a Shofar; ואם קול הברה ש׳, v. הֲבָרָה. Y. Hor. I, 46ᵃ top נותנין לו שהות עד שׁיִשְׁמַע we allow him time enough that he may have heard (the decision of the other court), opp. to עד שישמע (not שישפע) (he is not guilty) until he has really heard it; a. v. fr. Hif. הִשְׁמִיעַ to cause to hear; to announce. Ber. l. c. הַשְׁמַע לאזניך וכ׳ let thy ears hear what thou utterest &c. Ib. לא ה׳ לאזנו if he read the Sh’inʿa inaudibly to himself. R. Hash. 28ᵇ עד שיתכוין שומע ומַשְׁמִיעַ until he that hears (the Shofar) and he that causes to hear (that blows) have the intention to perform a religious act. Shek. I, 1 מַשְׁמִיעִין על השקלים וכ׳ (Y. ed. מְשַׁמְּעִין, Pi.) public announcement is made concerning the contribution of the half-Shekels &c.; a. fr. (sub. עצמו) to show one’s self obedient, be persuaded, surrender, v. Nif. Pi. שִׁימֵּעַ to announce, v. supra. Y. Shek. I, beg. 45ᶜ; Y. Meg. I, 71ᵃ. to assemble for mourning services, invite. Snh. 47ᵃ הלינו לכבודו לשַׁמֵּעַ עליו וכ׳ if burial is postponed for the honor of the dead, to assemble the surrounding townships for his funeral, to bring on lamenting women &c. Nif. נִשְׁמַע to be heard; to be listened to, be obeyed. Ber. 6ᵃ אין תפלה … נִשְׁמַעַת וכ׳ man’s prayer is heard only in the house of prayer. Y. ib. V, end, 9ᵇ שׁנִשְׁמְעָה תפלתו that his prayer will be heard (his petition be granted). Erub. 18ᵇ כל בית שׁנִשְׁמָעִין וכ׳ a house in which the words of the Law are heard by night will never be destroyed. Yeb. 65ᵇ כשם … דבר הנִשְׁמָע וכ׳ as well as it is proper to say a thing that has been heard (to mention one’s authority), so it is proper not to say a thing that has not been heard (for which you cannot cite your authority); a. fr. to show one’s self willing; to submit to authority; (of woman) to surrender. R. Hash. 25ᵇ אשרי הדור שהגדולים נִשְׁמָעִים וכ׳ blessed the generation in which the superiors (in wisdom) submit to the authority of their inferiors, and how much more when inferiors acknowledge the authority of their superiors!—Snh. 82ᵃ הִשָּׁמְעִי לי (ed. הַשְׁמִיעִי לי) surrender thyself to me; לא תִשָּׁמְעִי אלא וכ׳ surrender thyself only to a prominent man among them; Sifré Num. 131; ib. רצונך שׁאֶשָּׁמַע לך הנזר וכ׳ if thou desirest me to surrender myself to thee, renounce the law of Moses; Yalk. ib. 771. Y. Succ. V, 55ᵇ top נִשְׁמָעוֹת … לליגיונותי וכ׳ if you will surrender to my legions, I will not put you to death. Snh. 93ᵃ הַשְׁמִיעִי אל וכ׳ surrender thyself to Zedekiah; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁמַע 1 Targ. Gen. XXVII, 5. Targ. Ex. XVIII, 1. Targ. Job IV, 16; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. שְׁמִיעַ; f. שְׁמִיעָא. Targ. Ps. XXIX, 3, sq. Targ. II Chr. VII, 12; a. fr.—Y. Ter. X, 47ᵇ bot. אנא מה דשַׁמְעִית ואינון מה דשַׁמְעוּן I report what I have heard, and they, what they have heard. Sabb. 46ᵇ הא שַׁמְעִינָן ליה לר"ש וכ׳ have we not heard what R. S. says &c.? Y. Sot. VII, beg. 21ᵇ, v. אֲלִנִיסְטִי; a. v. fr.—שמיע ל־ he has heard, he knows of. Erub. 9ᵇ ור"י מי לא ש׳ ליה הא but has R. J. not heard that (does he not know that Boraitha of R. Ḥiya)? ש׳ ליה ולא סבר (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) he knows of it, but does not accept it. Ib. 10ᵃ, a. fr. לא ש׳ לי הא שמעתתא this tradition is not known to me. Pes. 34ᵃ מידי ש׳ לך בהא do you know anything about this (hălakhah)?; a. v. fr.—Esp. שמע מ־ to understand from, to infer, prove. Ab. Zar. 72ᵇ, a. fr. ש׳ מינה וכ׳ (abbrev. ש"מ) deduce from this that &c. Ib. שַׁמְעַת מינה וכ׳ wilt thou conclude from this that &c.? Ib., a. fr. אלא מהא ליכא למִשְׁמַע מינה but (the conclusion is,) you can derive nothing from this.—Ib., a. fr. תא שמע (abbrev. ת"ש; v. אֲתָא) come and learn, i.e. derive it from the following. Sabb. 13ᵇ ת"ש … ש"מ ואלו תנן ש"מ I will prove it (from this Tosefta): ‘you must not …, and those are some of the halakhoth &c.’, which proves that the right version is ‘and those’: it stands proved. Y. M. Kat. III, 83ᵃ top נִישְׁמְעִינָהּ מן הדא let us prove it from this; a. v. fr. Pa. שַׁמַּע to make music; to sing, v. Af. שַׁמְּעָא) to minister to, be an attendant of. Ber. 41ᵇ מאן … ונְשַׁמְּעִינָךְ would that we had iron feet, that we could always wait on thee! Meg. 28ᵇ ניחא לי דאֲשַׁמְּעֵיה למר (Ms. M. דאשתמש ליה למר, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) it gives me pleasure to be your servant; a. e. Af. אַשְׁמַע to cause to hear, cause to be heard, announce, proclaim. Targ. Deut. IV, 36. Targ. Is. LII, 7. Targ. Ps. XXVI, 7; a. fr.—Esp. (interch. with Pa.) to make music, play; to be a musician. Targ. I Sam. XXIX, 5 (Ms. Pa.). Targ. I Chr. XV, 16. Ib. XVI, 42 מַשְׁמְעַיָּא ed. Lag. (ed. Rahmer משמעייאה, Var. מַשְׁמְעַיָּה; h. text מַשְׁמִיעִים) musicians. Targ. Ps. CL, 5 דמְשַׁמְּעִין לבדוחא Ms. (ed. Lag. דמשמעין בלחודיהון; ed. Wil. a. oth. דשמעין בלחודיהון, corr. acc.). Ib. דמַשְׁ׳ ביבבא (Ms. Pa.). to give to understand; to teach, prove. Ber. 2ᵃ מילתא … קא מַשְׁמַע לן וכ׳ (the Tannai in using such an expression) wants to teach us something by the way: when do the priests eat &c.; והא קמשמע לן וכ׳ (abbrev. קמ"ל) and it is this he teaches us, that the sacrifice of atonement is not indispensable &c. Ib. 4ᵇ לאפוקי … קמ"ל דחובה in opposition to the opinion that the evening prayer is optional, he gives us to understand that it is obligatory. Sabb. 19ᵃ מהו דתימא … קמ"ל you may have thought (that the cases are different, because) this devolves upon him, and the other does not, therefore he teaches us (that they are the same). Ib. 108ᵃ מאי קמ"ל what does he teach us (is it not a matter of course)? Ber. 21ᵃ sq. דאי אַשְׁמְעִינָן וכ׳, v. צְרִיךְ; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. מַשְׁמֵע a) understood. Yeb. 102ᵇ מ׳ הכי ומ׳ הכי it may be understood thus (it may mean, ‘to take off’), and may be understood thus (it may mean, ‘to strengthen’); a. fr.—2) inferred, proved; evidence. Sabb. 84ᵇ מאי מ׳ how is this proved (from the verse quoted)? Erub. 65ᵃ מאי מ׳ וכ׳ what evidence is there &c.?, v. פּוּק. Ib. מַשְׁמְעֵי, v. infra; a. fr.—V. מַשְׁמָע. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּמַּע, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּמַע to be heard, let one’s self be heard. Targ. Gen. XLV, 16. Targ. Job XXXVII, 4 Ms. (ed. ישמע). Targ. Ps. LXXVII, 19; a. fr.—Snh. 95ᵇ (prov.) אגב אורחך … א׳ on thy road let thy enemy hear from thee, i.e. take revenge when occasion offers. R. Hash. 27ᵃ תרתי … לא מִשְׁתַּמְּעֵי … משתמעי two different sounds produced simultaneously by the same person are not distinctly perceived, but if produced by two persons, they are. Erub. l. c. מכדי קראי מִשְׁתַּמְּעֵי בין למר וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. משמעי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) since verses may be quoted in favor of the one as well as of the other, what is the practical difference between them?; a. fr. to make one’s self subservient, obey; to surrender to the enemy, desert. Targ. II Kings XXV, 11 (h. text נפלו). Ib. VII, 4. Targ. Ps. XVIII, 45; II Sam. XXII, 45; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁמַע 2 (v. Deut. VI, 4) Sh’mʿa, the confession of faith in the morning and evening prayers (recitation of Deut. VI, 4-9; XI, 13-21; Num. XVI, 37-41). Targ. Y. I Num. XXV, 6. Targ. II Esth. III, 8.—Ber. I, 1 מאימתי קורין את ש׳ וכ׳ from what time of the day may we read the Sh’mʿa of the evening prayer? Ib. II, 2 (13ᵃ) למה קדמה (פרשת) ש׳ וכ׳ why does the reading of the section of Sh’mʿa (Deut. VI, 4–9) precede that of v’hayah (ib. XI, 13-21) Ib. בין שניה לש׳ ובין ש׳ וכ׳ between the second benediction and Sh’mʿa (the first section), and between Sh’mʿa and v’hayah &c.; a. fr.—קריאת ש׳ (abbr. ק"ש), v. קְרִיאָה. Ib. 2ᵃ ק"ש דשכיבה the recitation of Sh’mʿa at bed-time. Num. R. s. 20²⁰ עומדין … וחוטפין ק"ש וכ׳ they rise from their sleep like lions, and hasten to read the Sh’mʿa, and proclaim the kingship of the Lord &c. Ib. והוא … בק"ש משומרי וכ׳ and with the recital of the Sh’mʿa he is handed over from the guards of the day to those of the night. Ber. 4ᵇ אע"פ שקרא אדם ק"ש וכ׳ although one has read the Sh. in synagogue, it is proper to recite it again on going to bed. Ib. 5ᵃ אם … ואם לאו יקרא ק"ש if he conquers it (the evil thought), it is well, and if not, let him read the Sh.; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁמַע report, fame. Deut. R. s. 1, end היו … שומעים שִׁמְעֲכֶם וכ׳ the nations heard of your fame and were afraid; a. e. = מִשְׁמָע understanding, meaning. Sifré Num. 142 (ref. to Num. XXVIII, 3) כשִׁמְעוֹ וכ׳ (trad. pronunc. כִּשְׁמָעוֹ) according to its literal meaning, two each day. ↗ expanded

שֵׁמַע ² , report, fame. Targ. Gen. XXIX, 13. Targ. Ps. XVIII, 45; II Sam. XXII, 45 ed. Lag. (oth. שְׁמוֹעַ, שְׁמוּעַ). Targ. Josh. VI, 27 שִׁמְעֵיה (some ed. שָׁמְ׳); a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁמְּעָא (preced. wds.) servant, attendant, esp. the disciple ministering to the master. Ber. 62ᵃ א"ל … לשַׁמְּעֵיה R. Z. said to his attendant; R. Hash. 33ᵇ. Pes. 103ᵇ ש׳ מדעתיה וכ׳ my attendant did it of his own accord; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁמְעוֹן (b. h.) pr. n. m. Simeon, Simon, the son of Jacob; the tribe of Simeon. Gen. R. s. 71 שׄמׄעׄון שׄומׄע בקול וכ׳ Simeon (listener), listening to the voice of his father in heaven. Num. R. s. 2⁷ ש׳ פטדה the jewel in the high priest’s breastplate for the tribe of S. was a topaz. Num. R. s. 13¹⁹ נשיא ש׳ the prince of the tribe of S.; a. fr. ש׳ הצדיק Simon the Just, a high priest. Yoma 69ᵃ כיון שראה לש׳ הצ׳ וכ׳ when he (Alexander the Great) saw Simon the Just, he alighted from his chariot &c. Ab. I, 2 ש׳ הצ׳ היה וכ׳ Simon the Just was one of the last members of the Great Assembly; a. fr. name of several Tannaim, esp. a) S. son of Hillel. Sabb. 15ᵃ.—b) R. S. son of the Sagan. Shek. VIII, 5. Keth. II, 8; a. e.—c) S. ben Sheṭaḥ, chief of the Pharisees under Alexander Jannai. Ḥag. II, 2. Tosef. Keth. XII, 1. Kidd. 66ᵃ; a. fr.—d) R. S. ben Gamliel I (abbrev. רשב"ג) Ker. I, 7. Succ. 53ᵃ; Tosef. ib. IV, 4. Ab. Zar. 20ᵃ; (Y. ib. I, 40ᵃ bot.; Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵇ bot. רבן גמליאל); a. e.—e) Rabban S. ben Gamliel II. Hor. 13ᵇ. Keth. 77ᵃ, a. fr. כל מקום ששנה רשב"ג וכ׳ wherever R. S. b. G. is cited in the Mishnah, his opinion is the adopted law. Ib. VII, 9; a. v. fr.—f) ר׳ ש׳ ברבי R. S. son of R. Judah han-Nasi (B’ribbi). Ib. 103ᵇ. Ber. 13ᵇ; a. fr.—ש׳ בן זומא, v. זוֹמָא II.—ש׳ בן עזאי, v. עַזַּאי; a. many other Tannaim; v. Fr. Darkhé, Additamenta, p. 64–67. name of several Amoraim, esp. a) R. S. bar Abba (Ba, Va), in Babli שִׁמָּן. Y. Sabb. VII, 8ᵃ bot.; Bab. Sabb. 61ᵃ. Y. Ber. V, 9ᵇ bot.; Bab. Ber. 33ᵃ; a. fr.—b) R. S. b. Laḳish (abbrev. רשב"ל, a. ריש לקיש, ר"ל). Keth. 54ᵇ. Gitt. 47ᵃ. Y. Yeb. VIII, 9ᵈ bot.; a. v. fr., v. לָקִישׁ I; a. other Amoraim; v. Fr. M’bo p. 127ᵃ–130ᵃ ↗ expanded

שִׁמְעִי (b. h.) pr. n. m. Shimei, son of Gera the Benjamite, who insulted David on his flight. Ber. 8ᵃ. Koh. R. to VII, 15. Meg. 12ᵇ; a. e. brother of Onias, the founder of the Temple of Onias (v. חוֹנְיוּ). Men. 109ᵇ ↗ expanded

שְׁמַעְיָא (b. h.) pr. n. m. Shemaiah, colleague of Abṭalion (v. אַבְטַלְיוֹן). Pes. 66ᵃ. Ab. I, 10. Yoma 71ᵇ. Gitt. 57ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁמַעְתָּא (v. שְׁמוּעָה) report, tradition, traditional law; outcome of a discussion, decision. Targ. I Chr. XI, 11 (ed. Rahmer שמעת, corr. acc.). Ib. II, 55.—Erub. 9ᵇ; Kidd. 50ᵇ, a. e. ומותבינן אשְׁמַעְתִּין but we must bring evidence against the tradition which we just cited; Ber. 33ᵃ אשמעתיה (corr. acc., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 70). Sot. 21ᵃ דסלקא ליה ש׳ וכ׳ a scholar whose final conclusions agree with the adopted practice. Snh. 38ᵇ ר"מ … תילתא ש׳ וכ׳ R. Meir used to divide his lectures into three parts, one part devoted to legal discussion, one to homily (v. אֲגָדָה), and one to parables. Ber. 6ᵇ אגרא דש׳ סברא the merit of studying traditions lies in the reasoning thereon; a. v. fr.—Pl. שְׁמָעָתָא, שְׁמַעְתָּתָא. Nidd. 14ᵃ שְׁמַעְתָּתֵיה, v. חֲדַד; Keth. 62ᵇ שְׁמָעָתֵיה. Erub. 65ᵃ מחדדן שְׁמָעָתָךְ thou hast thy traditions always ready. Ber. 42ᵃ לית הילכתא ככל הני ש׳ וכ׳ the adopted practice is not in agreement with all these traditions &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֶׁמֶץ , 12; XXVI, 14) [chaff,] particle, atom. Sabb. 119ᵇ אפי׳ יש בו ש׳ של ע"א וכ׳ even if there be some idolatry in him, he will be forgiven. (cmp. מוּם) blemish, suspicion. Kidd. 71ᵇ אם ראית … ש׳ פסול וכ׳ when thou seest two men quarrel with each other, there is some blemish of descent in one of them, and heaven does not allow them to become attached to each other. Pes. 3ᵇ ומצאו בו ש׳ פסול and they found in him a blemish of descent, contrad. to שחץ (v. שַׁחַץ I); Meg. 25ᵇ (Treat. Sof’rim ch. IX, 11 ונמצא ממזר); a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁמְצָא , slight suspicion of idolatrous manipulation of wine (v. נֶסֵךְ). Ab. Zar. 31ᵇ חמרא משום ש׳ וכ׳ wine (he refused to drink) because of a suspicion, but why did he refuse beer? משום ש׳ דש׳ because of a suspicion of a suspicion (it might be suspected to be wine).—V. next w. ↗ expanded

שִׁמְצָה preced. wds.) blemish, disgrace. Lev. R. s. 20 דבר של ש׳ (some ed. שמצא) something disgraceful, v. זִיטִימָא. ↗ expanded

שמציות , Yalk. Esth. 1048, read: שְׁמִינִיּוֹת, v. שְׁמִינִי (v. תּוּמָן). ↗ expanded

שָׁמַר (b. h.) [to be still,] to watch, guard, wait; to observe; to keep. Snh. 63ᵇ לא … שְׁמוֹר לי וכ׳ one should not say to his neighbor, wait for me at such and such an idolatrous statue (or temple). B. Mets. 58ᵃ השוכר … לִשְׁמוֹר את וכ׳ if one hires a workingman to guard a cow, a child &c. Sabb. 118ᵇ אלמלי שָׁמְרוּ ישראל וכ׳ if Israel had observed the first Sabbath &c.; a v. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁמוּר; f. שְׁמוּרָה &c. Ib. XXII, 4 נותנין … בשביל שיהא ש׳ you may put a dish into the well that it be kept (cool); a. e. Pi. שִׁמֵּר same. Ib. 118ᵇ אילמלי מְשַׁמְּרִין ישראל וכ׳ if Israel would observe two Sabbaths as they ought do, they would at once be redeemed. Keth. 62ᵇ ענייה זו לשוא שִׁימְּרָה the poor woman has in vain waited (for her husband). Ab. Zar. IV, 11 אין … יושב ומְשַׁמֵּר וכ׳ the watchman (guarding wine against idolatrous defilement) need not sit and watch &c. Y. Kidd. I, 58ᵈ top המקום משמר וכ׳ God has watched, and such a case has never occurred. Y. M. Kat. III, 82ᶜ שי׳ הקב"ה … שבעה the Lord observed the seven days of mourning for his world (before the flood, ref. to Gen. VII, 10); a. fr. (denom. of שְׁמָרִים) to clear wine from lees, filter, strain (v. מְשַׁמֶּרֶת). Sabb. 138ᵃ שי׳ חייב וכ׳ if one filtered wine (on the Sabbath), he is bound to bring a sin-offering; Y. ib. XX, 17ᶜ; VII, 10ᵇ, a. e. המשמר חייב שום בורר he who filters is guilty &c., v. בָּרַר. Ib. המשמר יין למטן וכ׳ when one filters, the wine goes down, and the lees remain above (in the filter); a. fr.—Bab. ib. 146ᵇ מקום העשוי לְשַׁמֵּר a place in the keg where a hole has been made for the purpose of letting the wine off, clear of lees (and has been closed again; Ar. s. v. חזק; Rashi: where the hole has been closed in order to preserve the flavor).—Part. pass. מְשׁוּמָּר a) guarded. Pes. 109ᵇ (ref. to שמרים, Ex. XII, 42) ליל המש׳ ובא מן המזיקין a night which is for all time guarded against dangers (v. מַזִּיק); R. Hash. 11ᵇ.—b) kept, preserved, designated. Ib. ליל המש׳ ובא מששת וכ׳ a night which has been designated for redemption since the six days of creation. Snh. 99ᵃ; Ber. 34ᵇ יין המש׳ וכ׳, v. עֵנָב; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּמֵּר to be on one’s guard, be observant. Mekh. Bo, s. 14 (ref. to שמרים, v. supra) מגיד … צריכין להִשְׁתַּמֵּר בו this intimates that all Israelites must be careful in it (to observe its ceremonies); Yalk. Ex. 210; Tanḥ. Bo 9. to be guarded. B. Mets. 11ᵃ המִשְׁתַּמֶּרֶת, v. חָצֵר. Erub. 54ᵇ אם ראשון … מִשְׁתַּמֵּר וכ׳ if the fowler breaks the wings of each bird as he catches it, it is kept (from flying off) &c. Men. 99ᵇ כל המשמר … נשמתוֹ משתמרת who guards the Law (takes care not to forget it), his soul is guarded; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁמַר same, to be on one’s guard. Ib. כל מקום שנאמר הִשָּׁמֶר פן ואל וכ׳ wherever the Scripture has the words, ‘be on thy guard, lest’, or ‘be on thy guard that not’, it is a prohibitive law; ib. השמר ופן וכ׳ ‘be on thy guard’ and ‘lest’ make two prohibitions. Ib. 36ᵇ השמר דלאו לאו hishshamer followed by a negative is a prohibitory law; השמר דעשה עשה hishshamer connected with a positive order, is a positive command (v. עָשָׂה).—[Tanḥ. Vayḥi 13 ומשמירין, v. שָׁפַר.] ↗ expanded

שְׁמַר Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּמַּר, v. סְמַר II. Targ. Is. VII, 4 some ed. ↗ expanded

שֶׁמֶר (preced.) sediment, lees. Sabb. 146ᵇ שניקבה למטה מן הש׳ when the jug has a hole below the line of the lees. B. Bath. 96ᵇ שִׁמְרֵי יין wine lees. Ib. ש׳ … טעם יין lees which have a taste (or flavor) of wine. B. Mets. IV, 11 אין מערבין שמרי … שְׁמָרָיו you dare not mix wine lees (left of one jug) with wine, but you may give the purchaser the lees belonging to the wine sold; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁמָרָא Targ. Jer. XLVIII, 11.—Pl. שְׁמָרַיָּא. Yalk. Jer. 321 ושתי ש׳ דכולהו דרי (not שאריא) and he (Zedekiah) had to drink the dregs of all those generations (had to suffer for all the sins of &c.). ↗ expanded

שַׁמְרַאי , v. שַׁמְרַיי ↗ expanded

שמרון , Gen. R. s. 36 some ed., v. שְׁמָדוֹן ↗ expanded

שֹׁמְרוֹן (b. h.) Samaria, city and district. Esth. R. to I, 2. Tanḥ. Vayesheb 2 כשגלו ישראל מש׳ … בש׳ וכ׳ when the Israelites were exiled from Samaria, Sennaherib sent his servants and settled them in S. to raise taxes for the kings. Num. R. s. 10³ (ref. to Am. VI, 2) זה ציון וש׳ ‘these kingdoms’ refers to Zion and Samaria (Judah and Israel); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֹׁמְרוֹנָאָה , v. שַׁמְרַיי ↗ expanded

שֹׁמְרוֹנִי (b. h.) Samaritan. — Pl. שֹׁמְרוֹנִים. Tanḥ. Vayesheb 2 באו עליהן הש׳ למלחמה the Samaritans went to war with them; וכי ש׳ היו … נקראו ש׳ were they Samaritans? were they not Cuthæans? But they are called Samaritans from the city of Samaria; Yalk. Kings 234; a. e. ↗ expanded

שמרותי , Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXVII, 5, v. שְׁמִירָה I ↗ expanded

שַׁמְרַיי = h. שֹׁמְרוֹנִי. Gen. R. s. 32; s. 81; a. e.—Pl. שַׁמְרָיֵא, שַׁמְרָיֵיא, שֹׁמְרוֹנָאֵי. Targ. II Kings XVII, 29.—Gen. R. s. 94 (ref. to שִׁמְרוֹן, Gen. XLVI, 13) אילין ש׳ this refers to the (Jewish) inhabitants of Samaria. Y. Shebi. IV, 35ᵃ חד משמר; Y. Snh. III, 21ᵇ top חד משומד, read: משְׁמָרָיֵיא, v. הָאַסְטוּ. ↗ expanded

שָׁמְרַיִין = h. שֹׁמְרוֹן. Y. Ab. Zar. V, 44ᵈ קרייה דש׳ the city of Shomron. Ib. I, 39ᶜ [read:] הדא … מש׳ כפלחין הוא the garrison of Cæsaræa, because the majority of them came from Samaria, are considered as worshipping observers (of the Calendæ and Saturnalia); v., however, סוּגֵי. ↗ expanded

שמרין , Gen. R. s. 36 some ed., v. שְׁמָדוֹן ↗ expanded

שְׁמַרְקְעִים truffles (Löw, Aram. Pfl., p. 303); a species of very acrid onions (Maim.). Uktsin III, 2. ↗ expanded

שָׁמַשׁ (Shaf. of מוש, משש) [to handle, be busy,] to minister, officiate. Yoma VII, 5 כהן גדול מְשַׁמֵּשׁ וכ׳ the high priest officiates in eight garments, and the common priests in four. Y. ib. 44ᵇ bot. מפני מה אינו משמש וכ׳ why does he not officiate (on the Day of Atonement) dressed in gold? Lev. R. s. 21 מקדש ראשון ע"י שׁשִׁמְּשׁוּ בו וכ׳ during the first Temple, because they ministered in faithfulness, only eighteen high priests officiated in it. Yoma 47ᵃ ש׳ תחתיו officiated in his place. Ib. וכולן שמשו בכהונה וכ׳ and all of them performed the functions of high priesthood. Y. Sot. IX, 24ᵃ אלו שימשו פרנסות the former served in an administrative capacity (not merely as scholars). Tanḥ. Bo 4 חשך ואפלה שמשו … ולא עתידין לשַׁמֵּשׁ ‘darkness and mist’ served (as divine agents) in Egypt, but ‘void and waste’ never served, and never shall serve; Yalk. Is. 360. Gen. R. s. 33, end לא שמשו מזלות וכ׳ the planets did not perform their functions during all the twelve months (of the flood); שמשו אלא … ניכר they did act, only that their mark was not recognizable. Y. Yoma III, 41ᵃ top חמשה … הסגן משמש the Sagan had five functions to perform. Tam. V, 5 שלשה … מְשַׁמֶּשֶׁת it served three purposes. Midd. I, 6 ומה היו מְשַׁמְּשׁוֹת and what were they used for? R. Hash. 3ᵃ כי משמש וכ׳ ki serves for four meanings &c., v. דִּילְמָא I; a. fr.—Euphem. ש׳ מטתו, or only ש׳ to perform the marital duty; in gen. to couple (also of animals). Nidd. 17ᵃ. Ib. II, 1. Bekh. 8ᵃ; Gen. R. s. 20; a. fr.—Mikv. VIII, 4 שִׁמְּשָׁה את ביתה, v. בַּיִת.—Ned. II, 1 קונם שאיני מְשַׁמְּשָׁךְ I vow that I will not have intercourse with thee. Ib. 15ᵇ; Keth. 71ᵇ מְשַׁמַּשְׁתּוֹ she must allow him marital intercourse; a. fr. (denom. of שַׁמָּשׁ) to attend, serve, wait upon. Ab. I, 3 המְשַׁמְּשִׁין את הרב, v. עֶבֶד. Sabb. 32ᵇ זוכה ומשמשין לו וכ׳ he will live to see himself waited upon by two thousand … servants. Kidd. 32ᵇ מצינו גדול ממנו שש׳ we find that a greater man than he waited (upon his guests); Yalk. Ex. 229; a. fr.—Esp. (of students) to be in attendance upon a scholar as a disciple. Ber. 47ᵇ אפי׳ … ולא ש׳ תלמידי וכ׳ even if one has studied the Bible and the Mishnah, but has failed to wait upon scholars, he is considered an ʿam haarets (v. אֶרֶץ). Sot. 47ᵇ שלא שִׁימְּשׁוּ כל צורכן who did not wait upon scholars sufficiently. Y. Sabb. X, 12ᶜ bot. שִׁמַּשְׁתִּי את אבא וכ׳, v. יְשִׁיבָה Ib. III, 6ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) ולא שי׳, v. סָבוֹרָא; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ (with ב) to be handled, be used for; (of persons) to make use of, be waited upon. Snh. 48ᵇ נ׳ בהן קודש אסור להִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בהן חול having once been used for a sacred purpose, it is forbidden to use them for a secular purpose. B. Mets. 84ᵇ כלי שנ׳ … יִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בו חול shall a vessel that has been used for a sacred purpose, be used for a profane purpose (i.e. shall I marry one inferior to my first husband)? Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIX, 134 כלי שנ׳ בו מלך וכ׳ a vessel which the king has used &c., v. סָגָן. Ḥull. 60ᵇ שׁיִשְׁתַּמְּשׁוּ בכתר אחד, v. כֶּתֶר. Koh. R. to II, 5 ברוחות … מִשְׁתַּמֵשׁ וכ׳ Solomon made use of the spirits, and he sent to India &c. Ber. 52ᵇ אסור להשתמש בשמש וכ׳ you must not be waited upon by an ignorant waiter. Gen. R. s. 37; Yalk. ib. 62 שהיו מִשְׁתַּמְּשִׁין ברוה"ק (not משמשין) who made use of (acted under) holy inspiration; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁמַשׁ same, to minister, wait upon. Targ. Gen. XVIII, 8. Targ. I Kings I, 2; 4. Targ. I Sam. I, 3. Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 1; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשַׁמַּשׁ. Targ. Koh. X, 6 בש׳ באצלחותא וכ׳ (not מְשַׁמֵּשׁ) enjoying happiness from above.—Ab. Zar. 10ᵇ אנטונינוס שַׁמְּשֵׁיה לרבי Antoninus waited upon (entertained) Rabbi; a. e.—Trnsf. to couple. Targ. Y. Lev. XV, 18; a. fr. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ to make use of. Ab. I, 13 ודיִשְׁתַּמַּשׁ בתגא חלף he who makes use of the crown (of the Law) goes to ruin. Meg. 16ᵃ לאו … לאִשְׁתַּמּוּשֵׁי במני וכ׳ it is unbecoming to make use of royal garments in such a condition; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁמָּשׁ (preced.) attendant, servant, waiter. Pes. VII, 13 כשהש׳ עומד וכ׳ when the waiter (at a Passover meal of two parties) rises to serve the wine. Ber. 52ᵇ, v. שָׁמַשׁ; a. fr.—Snh. 59ᵇ חבל על ש׳ גדול וכ׳ woe for the great servant (the most useful instrument of comfort) that was lost to the world! for if the serpent had not been cursed &c.—Euphem. membrum virile. Nidd. 11ᵇ. Ib. 41ᵇ; a. fr.—Pl. שׁמָּשִׁים, שַׁמָּשִׁין. Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 10; R. Hash. 24ᵇ (ref. to Ex. XX, 23) לא תעשון כדמות שַׁמָּשַׁיי המשמשין לפני וכ׳ you shall not make an image like any of my servants (angels, Ḥayoth &c.) that are in attendance before me on high. Ib. ש׳ שבמדור העליון the servants of the higher dwelling (angels, Ḥayoth &c.); שבמדור התחתון of the lower dwelling (sun, moon &c.); a. e. ↗ expanded

שֶׁמֶשׁ c. (b. h.;; v. Gen. I, 16 לממשלת וכ׳, a. Targ. Y. ib. I, 18; cmp. R. Hash. 24ᵇ, quot. in preced.) sun. Taan. 8ᵇ ש׳ בשבת וכ׳ sunshine on the Sabbath is a charity to the poor (who are cheered by it). Pes. 2ᵃ זריחת ש׳ וכ׳, v. זְרִיחָה. Mekh. Mishp., s. 13 (ref. to Ex. XXII, 2) וכי הש׳ עליו וכ׳ did the sun shine on him alone? אלא מה ש׳ שלום וכ׳ but (it means,) as the sun signifies peace to the world, so in this case, if it is sure that he has come in peace (without murderous intentions) &c. Gen. R. s. 58, beg. עד שלא ישקיע הקב"ה שִׁמְשׁוֹ וכ׳ before the Lord causes the sun of one righteous man to set, he causes the sun of another to rise. Cant. R. to I, 6 שִׁמְשָׁהּ של ע"ז, v. שָׁזַף; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁמָשׁוֹת.—בין הש׳ (abbrev. בה"ש) [between the two services, between the rulership of the day and that of the night,] at twilight. Sabb. 34ᵇ איזהו בה"ש … כל זמן שפני מזרח וכ׳ what time of the day is called ben-hash-sh’mashoth? From the time that the sun sets (and) as long as the eastern horizon is red (from the reflex); הכסיף … בה"ש when the lower horizon is pale, but the upper horizon is not, it is still ben-hash-sh’mashoth &c.; Y. Ber. I, 2ᵇ bot. Ib. בה"ש כהרף עין, v. הֶרֶף. Ab. V, 6 עשרה … בה"ש ten things were created on the Sabbath eve at twilight; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁמְשָׁא same. Targ. Y. Gen. I, 16. Targ. Y. II ib. XLIX, 27. Targ. Num. XXV, 4; a. fr.—B. Bath. 84ᵃ, v. סוּמַּקְתִּי. Sabb. 129ᵃ ניגני בש׳ let him lie in the sun. Ib. דמעלי ביה ש׳, v. מַעֲלֵי. Gen. R. s. 68 (ref. to Gen. XXVIII, 11) ששמע קולן … אתא ש׳ אתא ש׳ he heard the angels say …, the sun has come (Jacob, with ref. to Gen. XXXVII, 9); a. fr.—Pl. שִׁמְשָׁתָא, שִׁמְשַׁיָּא, שִׁמְשֵׁי.—ביני ש׳ (בין, בי) at twilight (v. preced.). Targ. Y. I Gen. XLIX, 27. Targ. Ex. XII, 6 (h. text בין הערבים); a. fr.—Esp. בי שמשא, pl. בי שמשי (sub. דמעלי שבתא) Friday evening, Sabbath eve. Keth. 103ᵃ כל בי שמשי הוי וכ׳ every Sabbath eve he used to come home; ההיא בי שמשא וכ׳ one Friday evening a neighbor came &c. Ber. 43ᵇ בקדושא דבי ש׳ by partaking of the wine at the Ḳiddush (v. קִירּוּשׁ) on Friday night; a. fr. (cmp. חַמָּה) fever. Gitt. 67ᵇ ש׳ בת יומא diurnal fever; בת תלתא יומי tertiary fever; ש׳ עתיקתא chronic fever; a. e.—Pl. שִׁמְשִׁין red, inflammation. Esth. R. introd. to II, 1 (R. Azariah) transl. חכללות עינים, Prov. XXIII, 29) ש׳ דעינין inflammation of the eyes; Lev. R. s. 12 שמשמין; (Yalk. Prov. 960 סמקן). ↗ expanded

שַׁמָּשָׁא c. = h. שַׁמָּשׁ. Targ. Y. II, Ex. XXXIII, 11 (v. מְשׁוּמְשָׁנָא). Targ. Ez. XXIII, 20 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. שמוטא, corr. acc.) prostitute.—Y. Taan. II, beg. 65ᵃ כל מאן דלא מטא ש׳ וכ׳ let him to whom the sexton has not come (to put ashes on his head) take ashes and put &c. Y. Keth. IV, 28ᵈ bot. לא מסתברא אגרין ליה ש׳ … דהיא ש׳ does it not stand to reason that they (the children to whom their father has assigned his property) must hire an attendant for him? So also must they give him a wife (if he desires it), and were it merely as his attendant; a. e.—Pl. שַׁמָּשִׁין, שַׁמָּשַׁיָּא; f. שַׁמָּשָׁן Targ. Is. VI, 2 ש׳ קדישין (h. text שרפים עמדים). Targ. Ps. XXIX, 9. Ib. CXXXVII, 6 שַׁמָּשָׁי (not שַׁמְשָׁי) my servants (the angels). Targ. I Sam. VIII, 13 (h. text רקחות); a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁמְשׁוֹךְ , v. next art. ↗ expanded

שֻׁמְשׁוּם , v. שׁוּמְשׁוּם ↗ expanded

שִׁמְשׁוֹן (b. h.) pr. n. m. Samson. Sot. I, 8 ש׳ הלך וכ׳ S. followed his eyes, therefore they put his eyes out. B. Bath. 91ᵃ, v. הַצְּלֶלְפּוֹנִי; a. fr.—Naz. I, 2 הריני כש׳ וכ׳ if one says, I will be like S., like Manoah’s son &c. Ib., a. fr. נזיר ש׳, v. נָזִיר. Ib. מה בין … לנזיר ש׳ what is the difference between a Nazarite for life and a Nazarite like S.? Y. ib. 51ᵇ היידין אינון כינויי ש׳ what are the substitutes for Shimshon (in a Nazarite vow)? שמשוך שמשור שמשוץ shimshokh, shimshor, shimshots ↗ expanded

שִׁמְשׁוֹץ , v. preced. ↗ expanded

שִׁמְשַׁי (Ezra IV, 8, a. e.) pr. n. m. Shimshai, a scribe of the Samaritan colony; (in legend) a scribe at the court of Ahasuerus. Targ. II Esth. VI, 1.—Meg. 15ᵇ sq. (ref. to Esth. VI, 2) מלמד שש׳ מוחק וכ׳ this intimates that Sh. had erased (the record in favor of Mordecai), and Gabriel wrote it over. Yalk. Esth. 1045 המן … הוא ש׳ הסופר כלומר ש׳ בנו וכ׳ Haman the wicked, that is Sh. the scribe, that is to say, Sh. the son of Haman; Esth. R. introd.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁמְשְׁמִין , v. שִׁמְשָׁא ↗ expanded

שמשק , v. שׁוּמְשׁוּק ↗ expanded

שְׁמַת (cmp. שמם) to be still, desolate.—Denom. שַׁמְתָּא. Pa. שַׁמֵּית (denom. of שַׁמְתָּא) to excommunicate, accurse M. Kat. 16ᵃ מנלן דמְשַׁמְּתִינָן whence do we derive the authority to excommunicate (persons refusing to obey the summons of the court)? Ib.; Shebu. 36ᵃ שַׁמְּתֵיה וכ׳, v. שִׁיפוֹרָא. M. Kat. l. c. הנהו בי תלתא דמְשַׁמְּתֵי לא אתו וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. דשַׁמִּיתוּ) when a court of three has declared a ban, another court of three cannot raise it. Ib. 17ᵃ ברישא מְשַׁמֵּית וכ׳ first he banned himself, and then him (the guilty scholar); a. fr.—Part. pass. (h. form) מְשׁוּמָּת. Sabb. 67ᵃ (in an incantation) ליטא תבור ומש׳ cursed, broken, and banned. ↗ expanded

שַׁמְתָּא (preced.) [desolation,] curse, ban. Targ. Y. Gen. XLII, 37. Targ. Y. Num. XXI, 24. Targ. Cant. II, 16.—M. Kat. 17ᵃ מאי ש׳ what is (the etymology of) shamta? Rab said שׁםׄ מׄיתׄה there is death; Samuel said, שְׁמָמָה יהיה (Ms. M. שַׁמָּה; Ar. שם תהא, read: שמה תהא) he shall be (be thou) a desolation. Ib. ליהוי האי גברא בש׳ that man (thou) be excommunicated. Ib. 16ᵃ לא חל ש׳ עליה וכ׳ (masc.) the ban has not yet rested on him thirty days. Ib. עד דחיילא ש׳ וכ׳ (it cannot be raised) before he has been under the ban thirty days. Sot. 5ᵃ בש׳ דאית ביה ובש׳ דלית ביה he (the scholar) in whom there is pride deserves excommunication, and also he in whom there is no pride at all. Kidd. 12ᵇ Rab ordered to be lashed על דחלא ש׳ וכ׳ him who allowed excommunication (for contempt of court) to rest on him thirty days (and did not submit to authority). B. Mets. 70ᵃ ולא מקבל עליה ש׳ דרבנ‌ן Ms. M. and does not bring upon himself the ban of the Rabbis (but obeys their summons); a. fr. = h. חֵרֶם, accursed object. Targ. Y. Deut. XIII, 18.—Pl. שַׁמְתִּין. Ib. VII, 26, v. שַׁמִּיתָא. ↗ expanded

שַׁמָּתִי , v. שַׁמּוּתִי ↗ expanded

שַׁמְתִּית , v. שְׁחַמְתִּית ↗ expanded

שֵׁן c. (b. h.; tooth, tooth-like projection. Sabb. VI, 5 (64ᵇ) שן תותבת ושן של זהב an inserted (natural) tooth or an (artificial) gold tooth; (Bab. ed. שן תותכת שן וכ׳, Ms. O. ושן, v. Rashi a. l.). Ib. 10, v. שׁוּעָל; a. fr.—Esp. (sub. נזק) the damage done by an animal’s eating. B. Kam. 2ᵇ שלשה … הקרן והשן והרגל three chief damages are mentioned (in the Scriptural text) with reference to the ox: damage by the horn, by the tooth, and by the foot. Ib. תולדה דשן, v. נְשִׁיכָה. Ib. שן יש הנאה וכ׳, v. הֶיזֵּק. Ib. אשן ורגל it refers to damages by the tooth and by the foot; שן ורגל היכא כתיבי where is the damage by the tooth or the foot written (in the Biblical text)? Ib. ובער זו השן ubhiʿer (Ex. XXII, 4) this refers to damage by the tooth; a. fr.—Du. שִׁנַּיִים, שִׁנַּיִם, שִׁי׳. Ḥull. I, 2 בכל … והש׳ you may cut ritually with anything, except … with teeth in the jaw. Ib. ואם החליקו שִׁינֶּיהָ and if the teeth of the saw have been made smooth. Keth. 71ᵇ בין שיניה, v. אֶצְבַּע. Ib. 16ᵃ, v. כֶּרֶס. Kel. XIII, 8 שניטלו שִׁינָּיו (a hackle) whose teeth are broken off. Gen. R. s. 33 חשש רבי את שיניו וכ׳ Rabbi suffered from tooth-ache for thirteen years. Keth. 111ᵇ טוב המלבין ש׳ וכ׳ he who causes his neighbor to show the white of his teeth (who makes him cheerful) does better than he who gives him milk to drink. Ib. א"ת לבן ש׳ אלא לבון ש׳ read not l’ben shinnayim (Gen. XLIX, 12) but libbun shinnayim (whitening of teeth, cheerfulness); a. fr.— any organ of the body resembling teeth, gland.—Du. as ab. Y. Yeb. VI, beg. 7ᵇ בית הש׳ that part of the vagina which has glands; מבין הש׳ ולפנים from the glands and farther inside; Nidd. 41ᵇ. Ḥull. 16ᵇ שיניו נושרות the glands of his rectum will fall off; Sabb. 82ᵃ; a. e. cliff, peak. Gen. R. s. 74 כשן הזה של וכ׳ (the stone which Jacob put up was) as large as the peak of Tiberias; Yalk. ib. 130; a. e. (sub. של פיל) ivory. Num. R. s. 3¹² (play on מי יגׄורׄ … חזק כשׄןׄ (גׄרׄשׄוןׄ who can abide snow and hail, and cold and heat? He who is as strong as ivory (or marble?); אין שן אלא לשון חזק וכ׳ shen has the meaning of strong (ref. to Cant. V, 14); a. e marble. Cant. R. to V, 11; Yalk. ib. 991, v. עֶשֶׁת. ↗ expanded

שֵׁן ² Targ. O. Deut. XXXII, 24. Targ. Ex. XXI, 24. Targ. I Kings X, 22 (v. פִּילָא I). Ib. 18. Targ. I Sam. XIV, 4; a. fr.—Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵇ bot; האי שִׁינָּךְ וכ׳ how is that tooth of thine?; Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵃ bot.; Gen. R. s. 33. Ib. יהב ידיה על שִׁינֵּיה וכ׳ he put his hand on his (Rabbi’s) tooth, and it was cured.—Gitt. 68ᵇ ומנח להו אש׳ דטורא וכ׳ he puts it (the Shamir) on the peak of a mountain, and the mountain bursts. Snh. 96ᵇ תא אש׳ דטורא (Rashi דטורי) come (to Jerusalem) even if it be necessary to march over the cliffs of mountains (differ. in Rashi); Yalk. Is. 287; a. fr.—ש׳ דדור, שן דור pr. n. pl. the Cliff of Dor (v. Hildesh. Beitr. pp. 4; 10). Y. Shebi. VI, 36ᶜ (not דרור); Tosef. Shebi. IV, 11 שורא דרור (corr. acc.); Sifré Deut. 51 [read:] מדבר שר שן דור; Yalk. ib. 874 (corr. acc.).—Pl. שִׁנִּין, שִׁנַּיָּא, שִׁנֵּי, שִׁי׳. Targ. Am. IV, 6 (not שְׁנִין). Targ. Prov. X, 26.—Targ. Jer. XLIX, 16. Targ. Y. Gen. XLIX, 21 (not שֵׁינֵי); a. fr.—Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵇ תלת … חשש (ב)שִׁינּוֹי suffered from tooth-ache for thirteen years. Ib. חד שִׁינַּיי וכ׳ one of my teeth annoys me; (Y. Keth. l. c. חד שינא).—Sabb. 82ᵃ, v. כַּרְכְּשָׁא; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁנָא , v. שֵׁינְתָא ↗ expanded

שָׂנֵא (b. h.) to hate. Pes. 49ᵇ גדולה שנאה ששׂוֹנְאִין וכ׳ great is the hatred with which the ignorant hate the scholar, even greater than that which gentiles bear towards Israel. Ib. 113ᵇ שלשה שׂוֹנְאָן three classes of men does the Lord hate. Ib. שלשה שונאין זה וכ׳ three kinds of creatures hate one another, the dog &c. Ib. מצוה לִשְׂנֹאתוֹ (Var. מותר) it is right (permitted) to hate him. Ib. שִׂנְאוּ את אדניכם hate your masters. Snh. 108ᵇ the raven said to Noah, רבך שׂוֹנְאֵנִי ואתה שְׂנֵאתַנִי thy master (God) hates me, and thou hatest me. Ab. I, 10 אהוב … ושְׂנָא וכ׳ love work and hate office; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׂנוּא; f. שְׂנוּאָה &c. Kidd. 68ᵃ; Yeb. 23ᵃ (ref. to Deut. XXI, 15) וכי יש ש׳ לפני המקום וכ׳ is there before God a hated one and a beloved one (could it be supposed that the law should allow a discrimination between the children of a favored and of a hated wife)? Ib. ש׳ בנישואיה, v. נִישּׂוּאִין; a. e.—Sifra K’doshim, Par. 3, ch. VIII שָׂנְאוּי. Nif. נִשְׂנָא, Nithpa. נִשְׂתַּנֵּא to be hated. Num. R. s. 4⁸ הר סׄינׄי שבו נִשְׂנְאוּ וכ׳ it is called Mount Sinai, because on it the gentiles became hateful to the Lord &c. (v. שִׂנְאָה); Yalk. Is. 363 נִשְׂתַּנְּאוּ. Taan. 7ᵇ (ref. to ישנא, Koh. VIII, 1) א"ת ישונא אלא יִשָּׂנֵא read not y’shunne (shall be changed), but yissane (shall be hated). Pu. שׂוּנָּא same. Pesik. R. s. 14 (ref. to Koh. l. c.) יְשׂוּנֶּא יְסוּנֶּה בסמ"ך read y’sunne, with Samekh (v. supra). ↗ expanded

שְׂנֵא , v. סְנֵי ↗ expanded

שְׁנָא 1 to change, v. שְׁנֵי. ↗ expanded

שְׁנָא 2 , year. Targ. Lev. XXV, 53 (O. ed. Vien. שְׁנָה); a. fr.—Constr. שְׁנַת. Ib. 5; a. e.—Pl. שְׁנַיָּא, שְׁנִין, שְׁנֵי, שְׁנָתָא. Ib. 3; 15; 52; a. fr.—Targ. Ps. XC, 10 שְׁנָתָנָא Ms. (ed. שְׁנוֹתָנָא).—R. Hash. 31ᵃ שיתא אלפי ש׳ וכ׳ the world will last six thousand years. Ab. Zar. 9ᵃ. Ib. 9ᵇ sq. ההוא … שית ש׳ יתירתא a document dated six years ahead; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁנְאָב , v. סְנָאָה ↗ expanded

שַׂנְאָה , pl. שַׂנְאַיָּיא, v. סַנְאָה. ↗ expanded

שִׂנְאָה hatred. Sabb. 32ᵇ, a. fr. שִׂנְאַת חנם, v. חִנָּם. Ab. II, 11 שנאת הבריות misanthropy. Pes. 49ᵇ, v. שָׂנֵא. Sabb. 89ᵃ (play on סִינַי) הר שירדה ש׳ לאו"ה עליו the mountain on which came down hatred to the gentiles (who refused to receive the Law, v. שָׂנֵא); ib.ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שנאון , Esth. R. to II, 1 (ר׳ עזריה), corrupt dittography of שַׁפָּאין, v. שַׁפַּיי ↗ expanded

שַׂנְאוּתָא (preced. art.) object of hatred, enemies. Shebu. 35ᵇ שַׂנְאוּתֵיה מאי נינהו (Ms. M. שנאיה מאן וכ׳) who are his (Nebuchadnezzar’s) enemies?; Yalk. Dan. 1060 סַנְיוּתֵיה. ↗ expanded

שִׁנְאָן v. שָׁנָה I) repetition, double. Pesik. Baḥod., p. 107ᵇ (ref. to Ps. LXVIII, 18 רבותים אלפי ש׳) ירד … בעשרים ושנים אלף וכ׳ the Lord came down on Sinai with twenty and two thousand classes of ministering angels; ib. 108ᵃ (= שנון) וכולן ירדו שנונין לכלות וכ׳ and all of them came down (with) sharpened (swords), ready to consume Israel’s enemies (euphem. for Israel) &c.; ib. (as if from נאה) הנאין … שבהם the most beautiful and worthy of them; ib. (= שאנן) אעפ"כ היה להם ריוח in spite of their large numbers they had room; Pesik. R. s. 21; Yalk. Ex. 286; Yalk. Ps. 796. ↗ expanded

שִׁנְדְּפִין , v. שִׁינְדְּפִין ↗ expanded

שָׁנָה I, v. שני ↗ expanded

שָׁנָה 2 , Revue des Et. Juives XI, 1885, p. 64) year. Ber. 55ᵃ שלשה … ש׳ טובה וכ׳ three things must be prayed for: a good king, a good year, and a good dream. R. Hash. I, 1, a. fr. ראש הש׳, v. רֹאשׁ. Ib. 2ᵃ עלתה לו ש׳ it is counted as one year of his reign (his second year begins). Y. Yoma V, 42ᶜ top; Bab. ib. 53ᵇ, v. גָּשַׁם. Ib. 39ᵇ אותה ש׳ … בש׳ זו הוא מת (on the Day of Atonement of) the year in which Simon the righteous died, he said to them, in this year he (euphem. for I) shall die. Snh. 97ᵃ; Ab. Zar. 9ᵃ ששת אלפים ש׳ וכ׳ the world will last six thousand years. Naz. 5ᵃ אותה ש׳ … שנת עשר וכ׳ the year in which they asked for a king was the tenth year of office of Samuel &c. Par. I, 1 בת שְׁנָתָהּ in her first year; a. v. fr.—Pl. שָׁנִים, constr. שְׁנוֹת (שְׁנֵי). Naz. l. c. ימים שאין עמהן ש׳ ‘days’ in the Scriptures to which the word ‘years’ is not attached; זה שיש עמו ש׳ this passage (Gen. XLI, 1) where ‘years’ is combined with days. Yoma 71ᵃ (ref. to Prov. III, 2) וכי יש ש׳ של חיים ויש ש׳ שאינן וכ׳ are there years of life, and years of no life? אלו שְׁנוֹתָיו של אדם וכ׳ those are a man’s years which are changed for him from evil to good. Sabb. 89ᵇ (ref. to כשנים, Is. I, 18) אם יהיו חטאיכם כש׳ הללו וכ׳ if your sins were as many as the years that have been arranged and have come down from the six days of creation until now, they shall become white &c.; Yalk. Is. 256; Y. Sabb. IX, 12ᵃ bot. כש׳ שבין וכ׳ as the years (required for travelling) between the heaven and the earth; כשְׁנֵי אבות as the years of the patriarchs; a. v. fr.—ברכת הש׳ (the blessing of the harvests of the year) birkhath hash-shanim, the ninth section of the Prayer of Benedictions (תְּפִלָּה). Ber. 29ᵃ, v. שְׁאֵלָה. Taan. 2ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֵׁנָה , v. שֵׁינָה ↗ expanded

שְׁנוּ (שְׁנֵי) change, reverse. Targ. Ez. XVI, 34. strangeness, something bewildering. Targ. Jer. V, 30 (h. text שערורה). Ib. XVIII, 13 (ed. Wil. שְׁנוּי; h. text שעררת). Ib. XXIII, 14 (ed. Wil. שְׁנוֹ). Targ. Hos. VI, 10. ↗ expanded

שַׂנֹּוא , v. סַנֹּוא ↗ expanded

שְׂנוּאֲתָא , v. שְׂנוּאֲתָא ↗ expanded

שְׁנוּי , v. שְׁנוּ ↗ expanded

שְׁנּוּי , v. sub שִׁינּ׳. ↗ expanded

שָׁנוּן , v. שָׁנַן ↗ expanded

שְׁנוּן , v. שְׁנַן ↗ expanded

שְׁנוּנִית = שׁוּנִּית, cliff, bluff, embankment. Y. B. Kam. X, 7ᵇ bot. המציל … מש׳ הים משלילית הנהר he who rescues things … from the bluff of the sea, or from the alluvium of the river (v. שְׁלוּלִית); Y. Shek. VII, 50ᶜ bot. משונת הים ומשונת הנהר (v. שׁוּנִּית); Tosef. B. Mets. II, 2 משֻׁנִּיתוֹ של ים ומשֻׁנִּיתוֹ של נהר Var. (ed. Zuck. משלוליתו … משלוליתו וכ׳); (B. Mets. 21ᵇ מזוטו וכ׳, v. זֶוֶט). ↗ expanded

שִׁנּוּקָא , v. שִׁינּוּקא ↗ expanded

שָׂנַט , v. סָנַט ↗ expanded

שָׁנֵי , Targ. Cant. I, 17 ed. Vien., read שָׁגֵי, v. שָׁאגָא ↗ expanded

שָׁנִי (b. h.) scarlet; תולעת ש׳, v. תֹּולֵעָה.—Pl. שָׁנִים. Sabb. 89ᵇ (ref. to Is. I, 18) כשנים כשני מיבעי ליה וכ׳ kasshanim? it ought to read kasshani (as scarlet) &c.; Yalk. Is. 256; a. e., v. שָׁנָה II. ↗ expanded

שני (b. h.) to repeat, do a second time. Yoma 86ᵇ ואם ש׳ בהן וכ׳ but if he committed the same sins again, he must confess them. Ib. כיון … וש׳ בה וכ׳ when a man commits a sin and repeats it, it appears to him permitted; M. Kat. 27ᵇ. Ib. 16ᵇ; Ber. 18ᵃ אם קרית לא שָׁנִיתָ ואם שנית וכ׳ if thou hast read (studied), thou hast not repeated, and if thou hast repeated, thou hast not reviewed a third time, and if thou hast done so, they have not explained it to thee (v. פָּרַשׁ). Sot. 9ᵃ (ref. to Mal. III, 6) לא … ושָׁנִיתִי לה וכ׳ I never struck a nation and had to do it a second time, but you, children of Israel, have not been consumed; Yalk. Deut. 825. Ib. שהיה מכה … ולא שֹׁונֶה לו who used to strike a man once and no more (killed with one stroke). Tosef. Toh. IV, 1 אומר לו שיִשְׁנֶה we say to him that he should do it again (when it will be seen whether it can be done without touching uncleanness); אין שֹׁונִין בטהרות we must not try again for the purpose of deciding in matters of levitical cleanness; Nidd. 5ᵇ אומרים לו שְׁנֵה ושונה we say to him, do it again, and he does it again; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁנוּי; f. שְׁנוּיָה &c. Meg. 31ᵃ; Ab. Zar. 19ᵇ, v. שָׁלַשׁ; a. e. (denom. of מִשְׁנָה) to study the Mishnah; in gen. to study; to teach. Meg. 28ᵇ; Nidd. 73ᵃ כל השונה וכ׳ he who studies (reviews) traditional laws every day. Meg. 32ᵃ; Treat. Sof’rim III, 10 השונה בלא זמרה who studies (Mishnah and Gemarah) without chant. B. Mets. 44ᵃ שנית לנו … ותִשְׁנֶה לנו וכ׳ in thy earlier days thou taughtest us …, and again in thy old days, thou teachest us &c.?; Ab. Zar. 52ᵇ. Erub. 92ᵃ וכי רבי לא שְׁנָאָהּ וכ׳ but if Rabbi has not taught that, whence could R. Ḥiyya have it?; Yeb. 43ᵃ; Nidd. 62ᵃ רבי לא שנה וכ׳ Rabbi has not taught this? whence &c.? Yeb. 108ᵇ, a. e. מי שש׳ זו לא ש׳ זו he who taught this, has not taught that, i.e. the two clauses in the Mishnah are from different authors, v. תַּבְרָא. Ḥull. 85ᵃ ראה רבי … ושְׁנָאָן וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ושנאו) Rabbi approved of the opinion of R. …, and embodied it in the Mishnah as the opinion of ‘the scholars’. Pes. 3ᵇ; Ḥull. 63ᵇ לעולם יִשְׁנֶה אדם לתלמידו וכ׳ one should always teach his pupil the shortest way (use the briefest terms). Ib. 81ᵇ, a. fr. לא שָׁנוּ אלא וכ׳ they have taught this only with regard to a case &c., i.e. this is meant only when &c.; a. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Nidd. 22ᵇ, a. fr. במחלוקת שנויה, v. מַחֲלוֹקֶת. Nif. נִשְׁנֶה to be repeated. Snh. 59ᵃ ונִישְׁנֵית, v. נֹחַ. Ḥull. 63ᵇ למה נִשְׁנוּ בבהמה וכ׳ why are the laws of clean and unclean animals repeated (in Deut.)? With reference to quadrupeds, on account of hassh’suʿah (Deut. XIV, 7, which is not found in Lev. XI, 4) &c., v. שְׁסוּעָה; Bekh. 6ᵇ; a. e. to be taught. B. Mets. 33ᵇ; B. Kam. 94ᵇ, a. e. בימי רבי נשנית משנה זו this Mishnah was taught (originated) in Rabbi’s days. Ber. 28ᵃ, v. עֵדוּת; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁנֶה to teach (Mishnah &c.). Lam. R. to I, 6 הַשְׁנֵינִי פרק וכ׳, v. קָרָא II; a. e. Pi. שִׁנָּה, שִׁינָּה to repeat, to come a second time. Y. Snh. III, 21ᵇ bot. לְשַׁנֹּות, v. טַעֲנָה. Num. R. s. 4²⁰ ולא שִׁינְּתָה, v. שָׁלַשׁ. to change, vary, modify; to make a distinction. B. Mets. VI, 2 כל המְשַׁנֶּה ידיו וכ׳, v. יָד. Snh. 92ᵇ אפי׳ … לא יְשַׁנֶּה אדם את עצמו וכ׳ even in time of danger (persecution) a man must not change himself from (disguise the insignia of) his office. Yeb. 65ᵇ מותר … לשנות וכ׳ one may modify (the report of a person’s utterances) in the interest of peace. Ib. גדול … הקב"ה ש׳ בו וכ׳ peace is a great thing, for even the Lord modified (Sarah’s words) for its sake (ref. to Gen. XVIII, 12 a. 13). Y. Pes. IV, 30ᵈ top אל תְּשַׁנּוּ מנהג וכ׳ change not the usage of your fathers &c. Gen. R. s. 48 זה אחד … שׁשִׁינּוּ וכ׳ this is one of the things which they (the seventy translators) changed for king Ptolemee. Sabb. 10ᵇ לעולם אל יְשַׁנֶּה אדם בנו בין הבנים a man must never distinguish his son among his sons (favor one son more than the others); Gen. R. s. 84. Bets. 30ᵃ אם אי אפשר לשנות if it is not possible to do the thing in a different manner (so as to be reminded that it is a Holy Day). Tanḥ. Nitsabim 3 כבר … שלא אֲשׁנֶּה בכם וכ׳ I have sworn to you that I will not change my relation to you &c. Yalk. Mal. 589 מי שי׳ במי which of us changed his conduct towards the other?; המקום לא שי׳ בישראל God has not changed his relation to Israel; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּנֶּה; f. מְשׁוּנָּה. Y. Taan. I, end, 64ᵈ עורב יצא מש׳ מן הבריות the raven came out of the ark looking different from all other creatures (black). Shek. V, 2, v. רִצְפָה. Sabb. 56ᵃ (ref. to II Sam. XII, 9) מש׳ רעה זו וכ׳ this evil deed is different from all &c. Ib. 156ᵇ מיתה מש׳ a strange (unnatural, sudden) death; Sot. 35ᵃ; a. fr.—Deut. R. s. 9 ראה אותו מש׳ he saw him (the angel of death) looking strange (excited); מפני מה אתה מש׳ why art thou excited? Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּנֶּה, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּנֶּה to be changed, different. Snh. 38ᵃ בשלשה … מִשְׁתַּנֶּה מחבירו וכ׳ by three things one man is distinguishable from another: by his voice &c. Pes. X, 4 (116ᵃ) מה נ׳ הלילה וכ׳ why is this night different from all other nights? Snh. 71ᵇ [read:] הואיל ונ׳ דינו ונִשְׁתַּנֵית מיתתו because his (the proselyte’s) legal status is different, and the mode of capital punishment is different for him. Sabb. 53ᵇ נִשְׁתַּנּוּ לו סדרי וכ׳ the order of nature had to be changed for him. R. Hash. 19ᵃ מה נִישְׁתַּנִּינוּ מכל וכ׳ wherein are we different from any other nation or tongue that you decree for us such hard decrees?; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁנֵי to repeat. Targ. I Sam. XXVI, 8 ed. Wil. (v. תְּנֵי).—Snh. 59ᵃ ולמה לי למִישְׁנֵי בסיני and why is it repeated at Sinai?; a. e. to change; to be different. Targ. O. Deut. XXXIV, 7.—Lev. R. s. 22 כל מאי דהוה הדין ש׳ הדין ש׳ as the one (the mosquito) changed, so did the other (Titus) change. Yeb. 21ᵇ או דילמא לא שנא (abbrev. ל"ש) or is there no difference (between the wife of a brother on the mother’s side and that of a brother on the father’s side)? Succ. 29ᵇ ל"ש ביו"ט … ול"ש וכ׳ no difference whether it is the first Holy Day or the second. Ib. 30ᵃ ל"ש לפני וכ׳ no difference whether before &c. Sabb. 6ᵃ הכי נמי ל"ש in this case, too, it is the same; a. v. fr.—Yeb. l. c. מאי ש׳ הני מאי ש׳ הא (abbrev. מ"ש) what difference is there between the former and the latter? Sabb. 4ᵃ ומאי ש׳ and wherein lies the difference? Ib. 2ᵇ מ"ש הכא … ומ"ש התם וכ׳ wherein lies the difference (what reason is there) that the Mishnah says here, ‘two which are four within, and two which are four without’, and there (Shebu. I, 1) only, ‘two which are four’?; a. fr.—Part. שָׁאנֵי it is different. Succ. 21ᵇ ש׳ שוורים הואיל וכ׳ it is different in the case of oxen, because &c. Sabb. 7ᵇ ש׳ צרור וכ׳ it is different with bundles and other objects &c. Ker. 11ᵃ והכא ש׳ but here it is different; a. v. fr.—V. שׁנִיא. Pa. שַׁנֵּי to change; to act strangely. Targ. Gen. XLI, 14. Targ. Ps. LXXXIX, 35. Ib. XXXIV, 1. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 5; a. fr.—[Ib. 41 אישני, read: אישנן, v. שְׁנַן.—Targ. Jud. XX, 16 משנן, read: משגן, v. שְׁגֵי.]—Taan. 24ᵇ שַׁנִּי דוכתיך change thy place; ש׳ דוכתיה he changed his place. Ker. 11ᵃ לישנא דשׁנּוּיֵי, v. חָרַף. Bets. 30ᵃ כמה דאפשר לשנויי מְשַׁנִּינָן וכ׳ as much as it is feasible to change (the mode of doing a thing), we must change on the Holy Day; Sabb. 128ᵇ; ib. 117ᵇ מְשַׁנִּין. Bets. l. c. והא הני נשי … ולא מְשַׁנְּיָין וכ׳ but there are those women that fill their pitchers … without any change, and we say nothing to them (to interfere)! Snh. 96ᵃ top שני נפשך (Rashi אַשְׁנִי) disguise thyself; במאי אִישַׁנֵּי how shall I disguise (myself)?; Yalk. Is. 276; a. fr. to reply. Sabb. 7ᵇ זימנין מְשַׁנֵּי לה וכ׳ at times he replied to it (met the objection by saying) &c. Ib. 3ᵇ דמשני לך; Keth. 98ᵇ דשַׁנִּינָן, v. שִׁינּוּיָא. Pes. 20ᵇ ומְשַׁנֵּי שאני התם וכ׳ and he answered, it is different in that case; a. fr.—Shebu. 21ᵃ top כדשני ליה (Rashi כדמשני) as he (Abayi) replied to him (R. Papa, further below). Af. אַשְׁנֵי to change, act strangely. Targ. Mal. III, 6. Targ. O. a. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 5; a. fr.—[Targ. Ps. LXXI, 17 אשני, read with ed. Lag. אתני.]—Snh. 96ᵃ top, v. supra. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּנֵּי, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּנֵי to be changed. Targ. Deut. l. c. Targ. Lam. IV, 1; a. e.—Snh. 71ᵇ נימא הואיל וא׳ א׳ let us say, because his status has changed, he is a different person (not responsible for acts committed in his previous condition); האי דינו א׳ מיתתו לא א׳ this man’s legal status has changed, but the mode of his execution is not affected thereby. Ib. הואיל וא׳ א׳ … דא׳ לגמרי because a change has taken place (by her becoming of age), she is a different person (and the mode of her execution must be different): so much the more here (in the case of a proselyte) where a complete change has taken place. Ib. 96ᵃ א׳ אפיה והוה וכ׳ his face changed, and he looked like a dog. Sabb. 36ᵃ הני … א׳ שמייהו וכ׳ the names of the following three things have changed since the destruction of the Temple; Succ. 34ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁנֵי ² two, v. שְׁנַיִם. ↗ expanded

שְׂנֵי to hate, v. סְנֵי. ↗ expanded

שֵׁנִי (b. h.) second. Meg. IV, 1 בש׳ on the second day of the week. Ib. 22ᵃ; Taan. 27ᵇ הש׳ קורא וכ׳ the second (of those called to read from the Law) reads &c. Bets. 6ᵃ, a. fr. יום טוב ש׳ the second (Rabbinical) Holy Day (instituted on account of the uncertainty of the calendar). Sabb. 40ᵇ, a. fr. כלי ש׳ second vessel, i.e. a vessel into which a boiling mass has been poured, contrad. to כלי ראשון a vessel direct from the fire.—Maas. Sh. I, 1, a. fr. מעשר ש׳, v. מַעֲשֵׂר.—Esp. a) (לטומאה) ש׳ the second degree of levitical uncleanness, an object made unclean through contact with uncleanness, v. רִאשׁוֹן. Toh. II, 2 האוכל … אוכל ש׳ ש׳ he that eats food unclean in the second degree, becomes unclean in the second degree. Pes. 14ᵃ ש׳ וש׳ הוא וכ׳ it is a contact between two things both unclean in the second degree, and why do you say that he adds to the degree of uncleanness?; a. fr.—b) relationship in the second degree, second generation. Snh. 28ᵃ ש׳ בש׳ תנן we have learned that a relative in the second degree (first cousin) cannot testify for or against a relative in the second degree; ש׳ בראשון תנן we have learned that one of the second generation cannot testify for or against one of the first generation, i.e. his uncle. Ib. שלישי בש׳ a relative in the third degree against one in the second degree, i.e. his father’s first cousin; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁנִיִּים. Yad. II, 2 ואת הש׳ למקום אחר and water poured over his hands a second time on another place. Ib. ועל הש׳ טהור and a loaf which fell on the place which received the second water is clean. Gen. R. s. 31 ש׳ לו וכ׳ the second story of the ark was for him (Noah) and his sons and the clean animals; a. fr.—Fem. שְׁנִיָּה, שְׁנִיָּיה. Shek. III, 4; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁנִיּוֹת. Yad. III, 2 ש׳ (sub. לטומאה), v. supra. Ab. Zar. 3ᵇ ש׳ during the second three hours of the day; a. fr.—Esp. שניה (sub. לערוה) incest of second degree, intermarriage forbidden by rabbinical enactment. Yeb. 21ᵇ אמו ערוה אם אמו ש׳ connection with one’s mother is incest, with one’s mother’s mother incest in the second degree. Ib. משום ש׳ as incest of the second degree; a. fr.—Pl. as above. Ib.ᵃ מה הם ש׳ what relationships are sh’niyoth? Ib. (ref. to Lev. XVIII, 27) האל … מאי נינהו ש׳ haël means the severe, which implies that there are milder forms of incest; what are they? The sh’niyoth; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁנְיָא (שְׁנֵי) different, a different thing.—[Targ. Prov. X, 14 שניא some ed., read: שֵׁצְיָא].—Y. Dem. I, 21ᵈ bot. [read] לא ש׳ הוא דבר … הוא וכ׳ it makes no difference, (it is all the same) whether it is a plant the seed of which disappears (must be renewed every year) or &c. Y. Pes. V, 32ᶜ לא ש׳ היא … היא וכ׳ it is all the same whether one slaughters a Passover sacrifice as a peace-offering or the reverse. Ib. X, end, 37ᵈ ש׳ היא it is a different case; a. fr.—[V. שָׁאנֵי, s. v. שְׁנֵי.] strange thing, folly.—Pl. שַׁנְיָן, שַׁנְיָין. Targ. Is. XXX, 10 (h. text מהתלות). ↗ expanded

שְׂנִיאֲתָא , v. שְׂנוּאֲתָא ↗ expanded

שניגור , Y. Succ. III, beg. 53ᶜ, v. סְנֵיגוֹר ↗ expanded

שַׁנְיָיא , v. שַׁנְיָא ↗ expanded

שָׁנְיָיא pr. n. pl., v. שׁוּנְיָא ↗ expanded

שְׁנַיִם (b. h.) two. Ber. 8ᵃ ש׳ מקרא ואחד תרגום reading the Scriptural portion of the week twice, and the Targum once. Ib. שיעור ש׳ פתחים a distance of two gates. Zeb. V, 4, v. מַתָּנָה. Sabb. I, 1 ש׳ שהן ארבע two ways of transfer from place to place, which become four (by rabbinical addition). Ib. שְׁנֵיהֶם פטורין both of them are free. Snh. V, 3 בש׳ בחדש on the second day of the month. Ib. בש׳ שעות in the second hour of the day. Men. III, 3. Ib. 6; a. v. fr.—שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר, שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה twelve. Nidd. 69ᵇ. Ab. Zar. 3ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שניצן , Mikv. X, 4, v. שֶׁנֶץ. ↗ expanded

שְׂנִיר (b. h.) pr. n. Senir, a portion of Mount Hermon. Succ. 12ᵃ, v. קָרַשׁ. Cant. R. to IV, 8 [read:] מה זה השׄנׄיׄרׄ שׄונא את הנׄיׄרׄ ולא נזרע אלא פעם אחד כך וכ׳ as Mount Senir hates the plough and can be sown only once, so was Isaac &c. Ḥull. 60ᵇ ש׳ ושריון מהרי וכ׳ Senir and Sirion belong to the mountains of Palestine; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׂנֵיתָא , v. שְׂנוּאֲתָא ↗ expanded

שנמג , v. פּוּרְסִישְׁנָמַג ↗ expanded

שָׁנַן (b. h.) to be pointed, sharp; to sharpen. —Part. pass. שָׁנוּן, pl. שְׁנוּנִים sharpened; trnsf. ready, quick. Pesik. Baḥod., p. 108ᵃ, a. e., v. שִׁנְאָן. Pi. שִׁנֵּן to sharpen; trnsf. (cmp. חדד) to teach diligently, v. שִׁינּוּן. to brighten, cheer. Ab. d’R. N. ch. XVIII והיה מְשַׁנֵּן בה כל וכ׳ and with this (his disposition) he cheered all Israel’s scholars. to speak distinctly. Y. Ber. III, 6ᵇ bot. לא מסתברא … משנן בפיו is it not evident that in reading the Sh’mʿa every one must recite it distinctly with his own mouth? ↗ expanded

שְׁנַן Part. pass. שָׁנִין, שְׁנִינָא (שְנוּ׳); pl. שְׁנִינִין (שְׁנוּ׳). Targ. Prov. XXV, 18. Targ. Y. I Gen. III, 24 (Y. II שְׁנוּ׳, not שִׁנּוּ׳). Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 41. Targ. Ps. CXX, 4 שני׳ ed. Lag. (oth. ed. שנו׳). Pa. שַׁנֵּין to sharpen. Ib. LXIV, 4 שַׁנִּינוּ (ed. Wil. שְׁנִי׳). Targ. Jer. LI, 11. Targ. Y. II, Deut. l. c. אישני בברקא, read: אִישֵׁנֵּין כברקא. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּנֵּין to be sharpened, polished. Targ. Ez. XXI, 15; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁנָן (preced.) pointed rock, cliff. — Pl. שְׁנָנִים. Ohol. VIII, 2; cmp. שְׁנוּנִית. ↗ expanded

שְׁנָנָא , constr. שְׁנַן (preced. wds.) blade, edge. Targ. O. Gen. III, 24 (h. text להט). Targ. I Sam. XVII, 7 שִׁנְנָא (ed. Wil. שִׁנָ׳).—V. שִׁינְנָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁנָנָה (preced.) spear point. Snh. 82ᵃ bot. שלף ש׳ וכ׳ (Rashi שננא), v. אוּנְקְלַי II; Yalk. Num. 771. ↗ expanded

שִׁנְעָר (b. h.) pr. n. Shinear, a part of Babylonia (v. Schr. KAT², p. 118). Y. Ber. IV, 7ᵇ bot., a. e. למה נקרא שמה ש׳ why is Babylonia called Shinear?; v. נָעַר II; Zeb. 113ᵇ. Ib. למה … ש׳ שמנערת עשיריה it is called Sh., because it shakes out its rich men (makes them poor); a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁנַץ (Shaf. of אֲנַץ; cmp. b. h. שנס) to squeeze in, fasten, lace. Y. Kil. IX, end, 32ᵈ דהוא ש׳ גרמיה והיא נחתא for when he laces himself (his shoes), it (the purple band) slips down.—Part. pass. שָׁנִיץ; f. שְׁנִיצָא, שְׁנִיצַת. Y. Meg. III, 74ᵇ bot., v. קוּנְטְרָא. Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ bot. כבר שניצת (not שנצת), v. עוּנְקְתָא. ↗ expanded

שֶׁנֶץ (preced.) strap, lace. Mikv. X, 4 ש׳ של סנדל ed. Dehr. (ed. שניצן, read: שְׁנָצִין) laces of a sandal, contrad. to חֶבֶט.—Pl. שְׁנָצוֹת, with suffix שְׁנָצָיו. Kel. XXVI, 1, sq. כיס של ש׳ a bag which is closed by means of laces.—[שנץ pr. n. pl., v. שֶׁצֶת.] ↗ expanded

שִׁנְצָא —Pl. שִׁנְצִין, שִׁנְצֵי, שִׁי׳. Targ. Y. Deut. XXV, 9 (not צַי …).—Yeb. 102ᵃ סנדל דאית לה ש׳ a sandal which has laces. Y. ib. XII, 12ᶜ bot. דשנצין (not דשנצוי), v. שׁוּרְצִיפָא. Sabb. 92ᵃ דאיכא ש׳ a bag which has laces with which to close it. ↗ expanded

שָׁנַק (Shaf. of אנק or חנק), Pi. שִׁנֵּק to strangle, choke. Pesik. R. s. 36; Yalk. Is. 359 ומְשַׁנְּקִין את רוחך בעול and they shall choke thy spirit (curb thy energies) with a yoke. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּנֵּק to be strangled. Pesik. Zutr., Ḥuck., p. 244 ולא היינו מִשְׁתַּנְּקִין בצמא and we should not have been choked by thirst. ↗ expanded

שְׁנַק , Pa. שַׁנֵּיק, שַׁנֵּק same. Targ. O. Ex. XIV, 27 (h. text נער); Targ. Ps. CXXXVI, 15 (Ms. שַׁרְנֵיק).). Targ. Cant. I, 9; a. fr. to trouble, confound. Targ. Mal. I, 13 (h. text והפחתם; some ed. ושביק׳). Targ. Y. Ex. X, 2 ית מה דשַׁנִּיקִית Ar. (ed. ית ניסין דעבדית; h. text התעללתי). Af. אַשְׁנֵיק to be narrow. Targ. Prov. IV, 12 Ar. (ed., v. טְעַק). Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּנֵּיק, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּנִיק to be strangled, suffocated. Targ. Job VII, 12. Targ. Y. Num. XIV, 13; a. e. to be distressed. Targ. Y. Gen. XXII, 20. ↗ expanded

שֵׁנְתָא , v. שֵׁינְתָא ↗ expanded

שְׁנָתוֹת (v. שׁן) teeth-like marks. Men. IX, 2 (87ᵇ) ש׳ היו בהין וכ׳ the Hin measure in the Temple had marks: so far for the meal-offering to go with the bullock &c.; B. Bath. 86ᵇ. Sabb. 80ᵇ אלא אמר … ש׳ but, said R. K., (the andifé of the Mishnah means, enough time to whiten) the marks of a vessel. ↗ expanded

ש"ס (abbrev. of שׄשה סדרים the six orders of the Talmud) the Talmud. Zeb. 5ᵃ ונסיב לה הש"ס וכ׳ (Ms. M. תלמודא) and the Talmud applies to it the verse &c.; M. Kat. 3ᵇ (Ms. M. תלמודא). Ḥag. 10ᵃ אפילו מש"ס לש"ס (Ms. M. מתלמוד לתלמוד) even he that goes from Talmud (Babli) to Talmud (Y’rushalmi). Treat. Sof’rim XV, 5, sq.; 7, sq.; (B. Mets. 33ᵃ, sq. גמרא, Ms. M. תלמוד; Y. Hor. III, 48ᶜ top תלמוד); a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁסָה , v. שסי ↗ expanded

שִׁסּוּעַ , v. שִׁיסּוּעַ ↗ expanded

שְׁסוּעָה divided. Ḥull. 60ᵇ; Nidd. 24ᵃ (ref. to Deut. XIV, 7) הש׳ בריה וכ׳ the sh’suʿah is a creature with two backs and two spinal columns. Ḥull. 63ᵇ; Bekh. 6ᵇ; Yalk. Lev. 537, v. שָׁנָה Nif. ↗ expanded

שסי (onomatop.) to hiss. Pi. שִׁיסָּה to set on (a dog, serpent &c.). Snh. IX, 1, v. נָשַׁךְ; B. Kam. 23ᵇ. Ib. מאן פטור מְשַׁסֶּה וכ׳ who is exempt from responsibility? Is he exempt that set the dog on, and is the owner of the dog responsible? Ib. 24ᵇ המשסה … חבירו בחבירו he who sets his neighbor’s dog on a neighbor; שִׁיסָּהוּ הוא בעצמו if he incited the neighbor’s dog against himself. Gen. R. s. 84 באו ונְשַׁסֶּה בו וכ׳ come, let us set on the dogs against him (Joseph); a. e.—[Bibl. Hebr. שסה to plunder, cmp. שָׁסַע.] ↗ expanded

שְׁסֵי , Pa. שַׁסֵּי same. B. Kam. 24ᵇ כיין … דמְשַׁסֵּי ליה ומִשְׁתַּסֵּי וכ׳ (Ms. R. דמְשַׁסּוּ) since thou knowest of thy dog, that one can set him on and he will bite, thou oughtest not to have kept him. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּסֵּי to be set on, to bite, v. supra. ↗ expanded

שָׁסַע (b. h.) to rend, split. —Part. pass. שָׁסוּעַ; pl. שְׁסוּעִים, שְׁסוּעִין cloven-footed. Yalk. Lev. 537 (ref. to Lev. XI, 26) לש׳ מנין whence do we learn that the laws of uncleanness apply to the cloven-footed animals?; לשאין ש׳ מנין that it applies to those not cloven-footed?; Sifra Sh’mini, ch. V, Par. 4 שיסועים (corr. acc.). Pi. שִׁיסַּע same. Zeb. VI, 5 שי׳ ולא וכ׳ he rent (the sacrificial bird), but did not sever it entirely. Tosef. ib. VII, 10 היה מְשַׁסְּעוֹ ביד וכ׳ he rent it with his hand, but not with a knife; a. e.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּסָּע cloven-footed. Sifra l. c. מפריס ומש׳, v. פָּרַס; Yalk. l. c. ומשסע (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שְׁסַע , Pa. שַׁסַּע same. Targ. Lam. III, 11 (h. text פשח). ↗ expanded

שָׁסַף (b. h.), Pi. שִׁסֵּף (cmp. preced.) to split, to hew in pieces. Lam. R. to III, 64 (ref. to וישסף, I Sam. XV, 33) שחתכו וכ׳ he cut him in four pieces. Sifra Thazriʿa Par. 5, ch. XVI יְשַׁסְּפֶנּוּ Rabad, v. שָׁצַף. ↗ expanded

שִׁסְקִי , v. שִׁיסְקֵי ↗ expanded

שַׁסְתֵּם (Shaf. of סתם) to enclose, lock up. Gitt. 68ᵃ שדא ביה … שַׁסְתְּמֵיה Ar. (ed. סתמיה) he threw a chain (looped rope) over him and enclosed his head; [Ar. ‘drew it up’, when we should expect ושַׁסְתְּמָהּ]. ↗ expanded

שַׁע shʿa, the first element of the word שַׁעַטְנֵז, phonetically representing the act of carding (v. שׁוּעַ). Y. Kil. IX, end, 32ᵈ, v. שַׁעַטְנֵז, a. נוּז. ↗ expanded

שְׁעָא , v. שְׁעִי ↗ expanded

שִׁעְבֵּד (Shafel of עָבַד) to subject, subjugate, surrender; to obligate, pledge. Gen. R. s. 44 (ref. to Gen. XV, 13) ידוע שאני מְשׁעְבְּדָן וכ׳ ‘knowing’ means that I will surrender them as slaves, ‘thou shalt know’, that I will redeem them. Pesik. R. s. 15 לא כך … שהוא מְשַׁעְבְּדֵינוּ בשבעים וכ׳ has not the Lord said, that he will make us the subjects of seventy nations? Ib. [read:] גותי אחד בא ומְשַׁעְבֵּד באחד ממנו כגון שׁשִׁיעְבְּדָה כל אומתו one Goth comes and enslaves one of us, that is as much as if she (Rome) had enslaved all of us; Cant. R. to II, 8. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to Is. LXVI, 7) קודם … מְשַׁעְבֵּד ראשון וכ׳ before yet the first oppressor (of Israel) was born, the last redeemer was born. R. Hash. III, 8 (ref. to Num. XXI, 8) בזמן … ומְשַׁעְבְּדִין את לבם לאביהם וכ׳ when the Israelites looked upward and pledged their hearts to their Father in heaven, they were healed; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּעְבָּד; pl. מְשׁוּעְבָּדִים, מְשׁוּעְבָּדִין. Num. R. s. 5⁸ שלא … אלא מש׳ לפני הארון they were not haughty, but bore themselves like servants before the Ark. Y. Ḥag. III, 79ᵇ שיהא הכל מש׳ להלכה so that everything be made subject to the law; a. e.—נכסים מש׳, or משועבדין (sub. נכסים) mortgaged property, i.e. property bought from a person who owes a debt collectible from his landed estate in whatever hands it may be, opp. בני חורין property in the hands of the debtor. B. Mets. 13ᵇ. Gitt. 50ᵇ; a. fr. to vex, persecute, attempt to destroy. Ex. R. s. 22 נראה … מְשַׁעְבְּדִין את ישראל בדבר וכ׳ (not על ישראל) let us see how we can persecute Israel by means of something which the Lord cannot bring upon us in the same manner; Yalk. ib. 208 אם מְשַׁעְבְּדִים אנו אותם באש וכ׳ if we destroy them through fire, their God can bring fire upon us &c.; בואו ונְשַׁעְבְּדֵם במים (not ונשתעבדם) come, let us destroy them through water; Yalk. Ps. 786; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד (with (with ל) to be subjugated, be the slave or subject of. Gitt. IV, 4 עבד … אם לשום עבד יִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד וכ׳ a slave that was captured and redeemed, if he was redeemed as a slave, remains a slave; if as a freeman, he cannot be made a slave. Ib. 37ᵇ ישתעבד לרבו ראשון he is the slave of his first (original) master; לא ישתעבד … לרבו שני he is the slave neither of his first master, nor of his second master (his redeemer). Pesik. R. s. 15 במה … או שׁיִשְׁתַּעְבְּדו למלכיות which wilt thou choose? that thy children go down to Gehenna, or that they be subjected to successive empires? Sabb. 88ᵇ אמר … לפרעה הִשְׁתַּעְבַּדְתֶּם (Ms. M. נִשְׁתַּעְבַּדְתֶּם) he (Moses) said to them (the angels), did you go down to Egypt? have you been slaves to Pharaoh? Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXVIII, 32 (insert from Yalk. ib. 819) זה יעקב … שאילו עלה לא ירד עוד ולא היה לנו להִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד שיעבוד זה שאנו משועבדין (v. ed. Bub.) this refers to Jacob …, for if he had gone up, he would not have gone down again, and we should not have to suffer the servitude to which we are now subjected; a. fr. (with ב) to use as slave, enslave. Pes. 118ᵇ מה הללו שנִשְׁתַּעְבְּדוּ בהן כך אני שלא נִשְׁתַּעְבַּדְתִּי וכ׳ if they (the Egyptians) who treated them as slaves, fare thus, I (Cush) who did not enslave them &c. Gitt. 40ᵃ פלונית … אל ישתעבדו בה וכ׳ that handmaid of mine, they (my heirs) shall not treat her as a slave after my death. Keth. 111ᵃ השביע … שלא ישתעבדו בהן וכ׳ the Lord adjured the nations not to oppress Israel too hard. Men. 53ᵇ; Yalk. Jer. 289 [read:] ישתעבדו בהם ארבע מלכיות וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. to Men. l. c., note) four successive empires shall treat them as slaves, each as long &c.; a. fr.—[Yalk. Ex. 208, v. supra.] ↗ expanded

שַׁעְבֵּד Targ. O. Gen. XII, 5. Targ. Jud. X, 8. Targ. Nah. I, 12. Targ. Y. Ex. III, 7; a. fr.—B. Mets. 13ᵃ שַׁעְבֵּיד נפשיה he bound himself (made himself responsible). Gitt. 49ᵇ כל לגביה בריה שַׁעְבּוּרֵי מְשַׁעְבֵּד נפשיה for his son’s sake a man makes himself responsible. Ab. Zar. 2ᵇ, v. infra; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשַׁעְבַּד; f. מְשַׁעְבְּדָא; pl. מְשַׁעְבְּדִין, מְשַׁעְבְּדֵי; מְשַׁעְבְּדָן. Targ. Y. Gen. IX, 25. Targ. Ez. XVI, 7; a. e.—B. Mets. 73ᵇ לטסקא מש׳, v. טַסְקָא. Lev. R. s. 16 אמהן מש׳ maiden forced into servitude, v. כָּדַן; Pesik. Vattom., p. 133ᵇ חמרין משעבדין (corr. acc.); Lam. R. to IV, 15; a. fr.—משעבדי (sub. נכסין) encumbered property, opp. בני חרי, v. preced. B. Mets. 12ᵇ. Ib. 13ᵇ; a. fr. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד (with (with ל) to be subjected, enslaved, to serve; to be pledged, responsible. Targ. II Chr. XXXIII, 13. Targ. Gen. XXV, 23. Ib. XXVII, 29; a. fr.—B. Kam. 20ᵇ ביתא לעלייה מִשְׁתַּעְבַּד the house (the lower story) is pledged to the upper story, i.e. the owner of the lower story is bound to keep it in a condition to support the upper story. Ib. 40ᵇ כי היכא דמִשְׁתַּעְבַּדְנָא לדידך וכ׳ as well as I am obliged to pay thee, I am obliged to pay him. Gitt. 49ᵇ משתעבד he is responsible. B. Bath. 55ᵃ מִשְׁתַּעְבְּדֵי לכרגא, v. כַּרְגָּא; a. fr. (with ב) to enslave, oppress. Ab. Zar. 2ᵇ הנך אִישְׁתַּעְבְּדוּ בישראל אנן לא שַׁעְבְּדָן בישראל Ms. M. (ed. שִׁעְבַּדְנוּ h. form) these nations have persecuted Israel, we have not &c. B. Mets. 73ᵇ ומִשְׁתַּעְבְּדֵי בהו וכ׳ Tosaf. (ed. ומשעבדי), v. כַּרְגָּא. B. Bath. 55ᵃ משתעבדי, v. כרגא; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁעְבּוּד (preced.) subjection, servitude, oppression. Ber. 12ᵇ שיהא ש׳ מלכיות וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שתהא) that the delivery from servitude to the empires &c., v. עִיקָּר. Ib. 34ᵇ, a. e. ש׳ מלכיות, v. מַלְכוּת. Cant. R. to II, 14 מפני מה … כדי שיצאו … בלא ש׳ why were the wives of the patriarchs barren (for a time)? In order that many (of the four-hundred) years (Gen. XV, 13) might pass without servitude; Gen. R. s. 45. Gen. R. s. 44 אף אני בש׳ shall I, too, be in slavery?; a. fr. ש׳ קרקעות (or ש׳ only) pledge, hypothecary obligation, landed security. B. Mets. 4ᵇ משום דהוה ליה שטר ש׳ ק׳ … כפירת ש׳ ק׳ because a note of indebtedness implies a hypothecary obligation (that the debtor’s landed property is pledged to the creditor), and no oath is assigned on a disputed hypothecary obligation; Shebu. 37ᵇ; Keth. 87ᵇ. B. Mets. 14ᵃ שבח שְׁפַר וש׳ וכ׳ the scribe must ask for authorization to insert, in a deed of sale of land, ‘amelioration’, ‘best land’ and ‘pledge’, i.e. that the seller pledges his land, and this the best portions of it, for indemnity to the buyer in case of seizure for the seller’s debt, this indemnity to include the improvements eventually made by the buyer; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁעְבּוּד ² servitude, oppression. Targ. II Esth. I, 2. Targ. II Chr. XII, 8. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVII, 17. Targ. Y. Deut. V, 6; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁעְבּוּדַיָּא, שִׁי׳. Targ. Y. Gen. XL, 18. pledge, obligation. [In post-Talmudic literature ש׳ דר׳ נתן the obligation introduced by R. Nathan, whereby the court can collect a debt in favor of the creditor’s debtor; v. B. Kam. 40ᵇ; Keth. 19ᵃ; a. fr.] ↗ expanded

שִׁעְבֵּז (v. next w.), part. pass. מְשׁוּעְבָּז one who has abnormally large testicles or an abnormally long scrotum. Bekh. VII, 5 (44ᵇ) Ar. (Mish. ed. מאושכן, Talm. ed. מאושבן), v. אֶשֶׁךְ. ↗ expanded

שַׁעְבְּזִין (Shaf. of עבז, v. אֵבוּז) extremities, testicles, scrotum. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXIX, 1. Targ. Job XL, 17 שעבזוהי Ms. a. Ar. (ed. פחדוי). ↗ expanded

שָׁעָה I, v. שעי ↗ expanded

שָׁעָה 2 (Dan. IV, 16; preced., v. Del. Proleg. p. 39 sq.) moment, while; hour, esp. the twelfth portion of the day and of the night, varying according to the season. Tosef. Ber. I, 1, a. e., v. עוֹנָה I. Ber. 7ᵃ, v. רֶגַע. Ib. 7ᵇ, a. e. הש׳ משחקת, v. שָׂחַק. Lam. R. to III, 37 מש׳ שאמר וכ׳ from the moment that the Lord said &c. Ber. I, 1 מש׳ שהכהנים וכ׳ from the time of day when the priests go in &c. Pes. II, 1 כל ש׳ as long. Keth. 104ᵃ בש׳ שהצדיק וכ׳ when a righteous man is called away &c. Ib. בשְׁעַת פטירתו וכ׳ when Rabbi died &c. Ber. 64ᵃ הדוחק את הש׳, v. דָּחַק; נדחה מפני הש׳, v. דָּחָה. Sabb. 10ᵃ, a. e. מניחין … ועוסקין בחיי ש׳ they neglect the life everlasting, and busy themselves with the life of the hour (earthly affairs). Y. Taan. III, 67ᵃ (expl. יולדתך, Prov. XXIII, 25) שַׁעַתְךָ (or שַׁעְתְּךָ) thy hour (of birth). Cant. R. to I, 1, a. e. בשַׁעְתּוֹ in its due time, v. סֵפֶל; Num. R. s. 10⁴ בין שעתו. Ex. R. s. 19, a. fr. לש׳ קלה, v. קַל II; a. v. fr.—הוראת ש׳, or ש׳ temporary, special legislation, opp. דורות. Yoma 69ᵇ. Men. 19ᵇ דורות מש׳, v. דּוֹר. Ib. 56ᵃ ש׳ מדורות וכ׳ we cannot derive the modes of a temporary act (e.g. the offerings of the princes, Num. VII, 12-83) from the laws concerning a permanent institution; a. fr.—Pl. שָׁעוֹת. Ber. 3ᵃ עד ארבע ש׳ to four hours (the fourth hour of the night). Pes. 58ᵃ שתי ש׳ ומחצה two hours and a half. Snh. V, 3 אחד אומר בשתי ש׳ וכ׳ if one witness testifies that the act under consideration was committed at the second hour of the day &c. Kel. XII, 4 אבן הש׳, v. אֶבֶן; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲוָא m. = next w. Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 3. Ib. XXII, 15; a. e., v. שַׁעַוְתָּא.—Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVII, 25; XLIII, 11 שַׁעֲוָה (O. שְׁעַף; h. text נכאת). ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲוָה (שעי = שׁוּעַ) wax. Sabb. II, 1 ולא בש׳ nor must you use wax in place of oil for the Sabbath light, v. קִירוּתָא. Gen. R. s. 44 היה לבו רפה כש׳, v. שׁוּעַ I. Gen. R. s. 91, end (expl. נכאת, Gen. XLIII, 11) ש׳ (perhaps a gum, v. preced.). Ex. R. s. 35 כש׳ הנתונה וכ׳ like wax that is put on the writing tablet; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁעוֹלָא = h. שֹׁעַל, hollow of the hand, palm. Targ. Is. XL, 12.—Pl. constr. שַׁעֲלֵי. Targ. Ez. XIII, 19. hollow of the sole, step. — Pl. constr. שְׁעוֹלֵי. Targ. I Kings XX, 10. ↗ expanded

שעועים , v. next w. ↗ expanded

שְׁעוּעִית (שעע; cmp. שַׁעֲוָה) a species of beans, prob. kidney-bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris), v. פְּסִילְתָּא, a. חֲלוּקָה. Kil. I, 1 פול הלבן והש׳ וכ׳ Y. ed. a. Ms. M. (Mish. a. Bab. ed. שעועים, corr. acc.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) the white bean and the kidney-bean are not heterogeneous. Y. ib. 27ᵃ top expl. (פתילתה) פסילתא. Ib. למה שמה ש׳ שמשעשעת את הלב וכ׳ (some ed. שעשועית) why is it called sh’ʿuʿith (pasty)? Because it pastes up (dulls) the heart, and loosens the bowels. ↗ expanded

שִׁעוּר , v. שִׁיעוּר, שִׁיעוּרָא. ↗ expanded

שְׂעוֹרָה , v. סָעַר) panicle, v. שַׂעֲרָה. barley, barley-corn.—כש׳ the size of a barley-corn. Kel. XVII, 8 כש׳ שאמרו לא וכ׳ where the scholars make the barley-corn the ritual standard measure, neither the large sort is meant nor &c. Ex. R. s. 10, end; Snh. 67ᵇ, v. שֵׁד; a. fr.—Pl. שְׂעוֹרִים, שְׂעוֹרִין. Pes. II, 5. Ib. 35ᵃ מין ש׳ a species of barley, v. שִׁיפוֹן. Ib. 42ᵇ לא היה יינם … ש׳ the wine of Judæa would not get sour (to be used for vinegar) until they put barley into it. B. Kam. 60ᵇ גדישין של ש׳ stacks of barley. Peah VI, 7; Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ bot., a. e., v. עֲנָבָה; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׂעוֹרִים pr. n. m., v. סְעוֹרִים ↗ expanded

שְׂעוֹרִין barley, v. סְעַרְתָּא. ↗ expanded

שָׁעוּת (denom. of שָׁעָה) a while, time. Meïl. 6ᵃ, v. שָׁהוּת. ↗ expanded

שַׁעַוְתָּא = h. שַׁעֲוָה, wax. Targ. Ps. XXII, 15 Ms. (ed. שַׁעֲוָא). Targ. Mic. I, 4 שָׁעִיתָא.—V. שַׁעֲוָא. ↗ expanded

שַׁעַז (= שענז) shaʿaz, the first and the last element of שַׁעַטְנֵז, representing the act of carding (שוע), and that of twining or weaving (נוז). Y. Kil. IX, end, 32ᵈ, v. נוּז. ↗ expanded

שַׁעַט (v. preced.) shaʿaṭ, the first and the middle element of שַׁעַטְנֵז, representing the act of carding (שוע), and that of spinning (טוי). Y. Kil. IX, end, 32ᵈ ↗ expanded

שעטנ"ז the seven letters which require crownlets in the Pentateuch scrolls. Men. 29ᵇ, v. זִיּוּן. ↗ expanded

שַׁעַטְנֵז (b. h.) a web mixed of wool and linen. Kil. IX, 8, expl. as acrostic, דבר שהוא שׄועׄ טׄווי ונׄוזׄ, v. נוּז. ↗ expanded

שַׁעַטְנֵזָא Targ. O. Lev. XIX, 19; Deut. XXII, 11. ↗ expanded

שעי (b. h.) (cmp. שָׁאָה, שָׁהָה) to dwell, linger, denom. שָׁעָה. to look, care for, mind. Sifré Deut. 318 (ref. to Deut. XXXII, 17) אל תקרי לא שערום אלא לא שָׁעוּם וכ׳ read not lo s’ʿarum, but lo shaʿum (whom they did not regard); although they sacrificed and burnt incense to them, they were not afraid of them (with ref. to Gen. IV, 5); Yalk. ib. 945. ↗ expanded

שְׁעֵי (cmp. שוע, שעע) to smooth, paste over, daub. Succ. 51ᵇ; B. Bath. 4ᵃ סבר למִשְׁעֲיָין בדהבא he (Herod) intended to cover them (the Temple walls) with gold. Pa. שַׁעֵי same. Targ. Ps. V, 10 מְשַׁעֲיִין. Ms. (ed. משעעין).—Part. pass. מְשָׁעָא. Targ. Y. II, Num. XIX, 15 מִשְׁעָא (corr. acc., or מַשְׁעָא, Part. pass. Af.). Ithpa. אִשְׁתָּעֵי, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּעֵי [to make one’s self pleasant,] to converse, talk; to tell a story. Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 66. Targ. Jud. VI, 13. Targ. Is. XXX, 10. Targ. Ps. L, 16; 19; a. fr.—B. Bath. 73ᵃ אִשְׁתָּעוּ לי נחותי וכ׳ (not אשתעי) seafarers told me. Ib. 74ᵃ ר׳ יוחנן מִשְׁתָּעֵי וכ׳ R. J. told a story: once upon a time &c. Y. Ber. II, 4ᵈ bot. כמה דאי׳ … אִשְׁתָּעְיָיא וכ׳ as the Scripture talks, so does the Mishnah, i.e. the Mishnah applies the Biblical phraseology; a. fr.—א׳ דינא בהדי to talk about the law with, to sue. B. Mets. 14ᵃ דינא … ומשתעי דינא בהדיה the law is that R. may go and sue him. Bekh. 47ᵇ גברא דלא מצית לאִשְׁתָּעוּיֵי וכ׳ a man with whom thou canst not go to law; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲיוּתָא (preced.) smoothness, v. שְׁעִיעוּתָא. ↗ expanded

שעייא , Tosef. B. Bath. IV, 5, v. שַׁעֲמוּמִית ↗ expanded

שְׁעִיעַ (שְׁעַע) smooth. Targ. Gen. XXVII, 11. Targ. Cant. V, 12; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁעִיעַיָּא, שְׁעִיעִין; שְׁעִיעָן, שְׁעִיעָתָא. Targ. I Sam. XVII, 40 שְׁעִיעֵי אבניא (h. text חלקי אבנים). Targ. Y. Lev. XIX, 17. Targ. Ps. XII, 3. Ib. XXXV, 16 שעיעתא Ms. (ed. שעיעותא); a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁעִיעוּתָא (preced.) smoothness. Targ. Gen. XXVII, 16. Targ. Ez. XXVI, 4; 14 (h. text צחיח). Targ. Prov. VI, 24. Targ. Is. LVII, 6 (some ed. שַׁעֲיוּת); a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁעִיף (v. שְׁעַף) gum, balm. Targ. Ez. XXVII, 17 (h. text צרי). Targ. Jer. XLVI, 11; LI, 8 (not שֵׁעִיף). ↗ expanded

שָׂעִיר goat. Yoma VI, 2 ש׳ המשתלח, v. שָׁלַח. Ib. 7 פר וש׳ הנשרפין the bullock and the goat designated to be burnt. Zeb. V, 1; a. fr.—Pl. שְׂעִירִים, שְׂעִירִין. Ib. 2. Yoma VI, 1; a. fr. demon. B. Bath. 25ᵃ, v. סָעַר II. Ber. 64ᵃ ש׳ בש׳ מיחלף goat and demon may interchange (both going by the name of saʿir).— Pl. as ab. Lev. R. s. 22, v. שֵׁד; a. e. shower. Pl. as ab. Sifré Deut. 306 (ref. to Deut. XXXII, 2) מה ש׳ הללו וכ׳ as the showers come down on the plants &c.; Yalk. ib. 942, v. סָעַר II. hairy. Gen. R. s. 65. ↗ expanded

שֵׂעִיר (b. h.) pr. n. Seir (Idumæa). Y. Taan. I, 64ᵃ top (ref. to Is. XXI, 11) אֵלִי קורא מפני ש׳ my God cries out on account of Seir (Rome, v. אֱדוֹם); ib. אלי איכן נזדווג לי מש׳ whence did my God come to join me? From Seir (Deut. XXXIII, 2). Sifré Deut. 343 כשעתיד … ליפרע מש׳ when the Lord shall punish Seir (Rome). Ber. 62ᵇ עד השתא … לש׳ וגמרת מילי דש׳ thou hast not yet gone to Seir (Rome), and hast already learned the things of Seir (indecent manners); Tam. 27ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׂעִירַן , v. סַעֲרָן ↗ expanded

שָׁעִיתָא , v. שַׁעַוְתָּא ↗ expanded

שְׁעִיתָא (cmp. שְׁעוּעִית) a species of beans, prob. the Egyptian bean (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Colocasia). [The definition given Ab. Zar. 38ᵇ is fabulous and obviously founded on confusion with the colocasia bean, which is sown on moist earth and sinks into the water.] Ab. Zar. 38ᵇ Ms. M. (ed. שִׁיעֲתָא), v. פְּסִילְיָא. ↗ expanded

שֹׁעַל (b. h.) hollow of the hand, palm, handful. Tanḥ. B’resh. 5 (ref. to Is. XL, 12) מן שָׁעֳלוֹ אתה יודע וכ׳ by the size of his handful canst thou know who he himself is; ib. Ḥayé 3 וכל … בשעלו all the seas and rivers did he measure with his palm; ib. Emor 15 וכל … מלא שעלו וכ׳ all the waters of the world fill the palm of the Lord; Pesik. Eth Korb., p. 57ᵇ מלא שׁוֹעֳלוֹ; Tanḥ. Pinḥ. 12 מלא שָׁעֳלִי my handful; Num. R. s. 21¹⁷; Pesik. R. addit. s. 1 כל … לתוך שעלי all the waters of creation did I compress into my palm.—Pl. שָׁעֲלִים. Ib. גבור … פחות מעשרה ש׳ a mighty man … drinks no less than ten handfuls; a. e.—2) ש׳ של ים the hollow of the sea, depth. Cant. R. to II, 15 (ref. to Cant. l. c.; v. ed. Baer et Del. Notae criticae a. l.) קדמאה מלא … שירדו לשעלו של ים the first shuʿalim is written plene, the second defective, which may be read שָׁעֳלִים; they (the Egyptians) were the foxes that went down to the bottom of the sea; Ex. R. s. 22 על שם שעלו של ים an allusion to the bottom of the sea; Yalk. Ps. 786 שעלים (read: שעל ים). ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲלָא , v. שְׁעוֹלָא ↗ expanded

שַׁעַם bamboo (Maim., identifying our w. with שֶׁגֶם); [oth. opin. cork-tree, cork]. Kel. XIV, 5 shoes for cattle של ש׳ made of shaʿam. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. IV, 14; Succ. 20ᵇ חוצלות של ש׳ וכ׳ mats made of sh., or of reeds &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁעֲמוּם (שִׁעֲמֵם) dullness, idiocy. Keth. V, 5 הבטלה מביאתה לידי ש׳ idleness may lead her to idiocy; [corr. acc. quot. s. v. בַּטָּלָה]. (= בעל ש׳) dull-minded man, idiot. Sot. 24ᵃ sq.; 27ᵃ; Num. R. s. 9²⁸ אשת ש׳ the wife of an idiot. ↗ expanded

שִׁעֲמוּם ² , stupefaction. Targ. Y. Deut. XXVIII, 37 (h. text שַׁמָּה). ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲמוּמִית (preced.) a dull-minded woman, idiot. Tosef. Keth. VII, 10 ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. משוממת), v. שָׁמַם. Tosef. B. Bath. IV, 5 ש׳ היא (ed. Zuck. שעייא, corr. acc.) she (the slave) is an idiot; B. Mets. 80ᵃ מְשׁוּעֲמֶמֶת. ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲמוּמִיתָא (preced.) dullness, idiocy. Targ. Y. Deut. XXVIII, 20 Ar. (ed. ערבובא; h. text מהומה); v. שַׁעֲמָמוּתָא.—Ned. 81ᵃ scabs arising from neglected clothes מתיא לידי ש׳ lead to idiocy. ↗ expanded

שִׁעְמֵם (Shaf. of עָמַם) to make dull, stupefy.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּעֲמָם; f. מְשׁוּעֲמֶמֶת. B. Mets. 80ᵃ, v. שַׁעֲמוּמִית. Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּעֲמֵם to be made dull, be stupefied. Num. R. s. 10⁸ יצא כל דעתו נִשְׁתַּעַמְמוּ כל הכליות וכ׳ all his mind is gone (in drunkenness), the kidneys (seat of deliberation) are entirely dulled, and his heart (reason) is disordered &c. ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲמֵם same. Targ. Y. Ex. XIV, 24 (some ed. שא׳; h. text ויהם).). Targ. Hos. IX, 7.— to lay waste. Targ. Y. Lev. XXVI, 31. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּעֲמֵם to be stupefied. Targ. Esth. VII, 6 (h. text נבעת). Targ. Ps. CXLIII, 4 (h. text ישתומם). Targ. Jer. IV, 9 (h. text יתמהו). ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲמָמוּתָא (preced.) stupefaction. Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 28 שְׁעַמְמוּת לבא ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. שַׁעֲמָ׳; Ms. שַׁעֲמִימ׳; some ed. מִשְׁעֲמָמוּת; Y. שִׁיעֲמָמוּת; h. text תמהון). Targ. Zech. XII, 4 שִׁעֲ׳ (h. text שגעון). ↗ expanded

שָׁעַן שאן, P. Sm. 401 to be smooth, be quiet. Nif. נִשְׁעַן (cmp. בטח) to rely on, lean, be supported. Lev. R. s. 36 מה גפן זו נִשְׁעֶנֶת … נִשְׁעָנִין בזכות התורה וכ׳ as the vine is supported by a reed, so Israel relies on the merit of studying the Law which is written with a reed. Y. Bets. V, 63ᵃ top נשענים בבהמה you may lean against an animal (on the Sabbath or Holy Day, it is not considered work for the animal); מאן דאמר אין נשענין בתש he that says, you dare not lean, has reference to a weak animal; a. e. ↗ expanded

*שְׁעַן (Shaf. of עני, cmp. Syr. שעננו = ψάλατε, P. Sm. 4255) to shout, sing. Targ. Is. LV, 12 ישענון בענפיהון (h. text ימחאו כף). ↗ expanded

שָׁעַע to smooth, paste. Pilp. שִׁעֲשֵׁעַ to smooth, paste over. Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ top מְשׁעֲשֶׁעֶת את הלב, v. שְׁעוּעִית. to appease, console. Pesik. Naḥămu, p. 126ᵇ ומְשַׁעְשְׁעָהּ בזו, v. פִּיד; ib. ושִׁיעְשְׁעָהּ במצרים consoled her (Assyria) with Egypt; ib. ושיעשעה באשור (not לאשור); Yalk. Job 918; Pesik. R. s. 33 ואם הביא עליהם שבר הוא מְשַׁעֲשֵׁעַ וכ׳ when he brings misfortune upon them, he consoles them one with the other. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּעֲשֵׁעַ, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּעְשֵׁעַ to be appeased, enjoy one’s self. Ex. R. s. 5 (ref. to ישעו, Ex. V, 9) שהיו בידן … מִשְׁתַּעְשְׁעִין בהן וכ׳ they had scrolls with them, in reading which they consoled themselves from Sabbath to Sabbath; אל יהו משתעשעין וכ׳ they shall not enjoy themselves, and they shall not rest on the Sabbath; Tanḥ. Vaëra 6; a. e. to be a pleasure. Tanḥ. T’tsavveh 1 (ref. to Jer. XXXI, 19) מהו ילד שעשועים … ומִשְׁתַּעְשֵׁעַ לאביו what is ‘a child of delight’? Three or four years old, when it begins to talk and becomes a pleasure to his father. ↗ expanded

שְׁעַע to smooth, paste over, daub. Targ. Ez. XIII, 10, sq. Ib. 12 שַׁעְתּוּן (some ed. שַׁעִיתוּן, Pa. of שְׁעֵי). Ib. XXII, 28; a. e. to make smooth, flatter. Targ. Ps. XXXVI, 3. (of skin) to be smooth, bright. Targ. Lam. IV, 7 (h. text צחו). Pa. שַׁעֵעַ to smooth. Targ. Ps. V, 10 (v. שְׁעֵי). Ithpa. אִתָּשַׁע to be pasted, daubed, v. שׁוּעַ ch. ↗ expanded

שְׁעַף (cmp. שַׁעֲוָא) a gum used as a spice, tragacanth. Targ. O. Gen. XXXVII, 25; XLIII, 11 (h. text נכאת). ↗ expanded

שָׁעַר 1 to keep the gate.—V. שׁוֹעֵר. Pi. שִׁיעֵר same. Arakh. 11ᵇ משורר ששי׳ בשל חבירו a Levite chorister that helped in attending to the gate in his neighbor’s stead.—Part. מְשׁוֹעֵר; pl. מְשׁוֹעֲרִים (formed by analogy to מְשׁוֹרֵר, v. שִׁיר I). Ib. מש׳ ששורר, v. שִׁיר I. Ib. ולא מן המש׳ (Sifré Num. 116; Yalk. ib. 752 השׁוֹעֲרִים), v. שִׁיר I. ↗ expanded

שָׁעַר 2 v. שַׁעַר) to divide, distribute. [Midr. Till. to Ps. XIV שיערו, v. infra.] Pi. שִׁיעֵר, שִׁעֵר to apportion, estimate, measure, calculate. Ḥull. VII, 4 כיצד מְשׁעֲרִין אותה וכ׳ how do we define the proportions of the mixture (to find out whether the forbidden admixture is large enough to impart its taste to the permitted portion)? As if it were an admixture of meat in a vegetable dish. Ib. 97ᵇ כשהן משערין משערין וכ׳ when we define the proportions, we include in the calculation the broth &c. Ib. כל איסורין … מְשַׁעֲרִינָן וכ׳ in all admixtures of Biblically forbidden matter we assume for calculation that the forbidden matter was onions or porret. Ib. שִׁיעֲרוּ חכמים וכ׳ the scholars have calculated that of all forbidden substances none give a stronger taste than onions &c. Lev. R. s. 37 מְשָׁעֵר את … באיטלקית (some ed. מְשָׁעֵיר) do you estimate that in all I drank at my meal there would have been a quarter of a Log of Italian (unmixed) wine? Koh. R. to V, 8 שיערו אותה, v. next w.; a. fr.—Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIV (expl. סֹלּוּ, Ps. LXVIII, 5) שַׁעֲרוּ לפניו דרכיכם (not שיע׳; ed. Bub. שפרו, a glossator’s emendation) measure your ways before the Lord (cmp. שׁוּם I). Pesik. Zutr. Haaz. (ed. Bub. p. 114) (ref. to שערום, Deut. XXXII, 17) לא שִׁיעֲרוּם וכ׳ whom your fathers never appraised, to find out whether or not they are of use; Yalk. Deut. 545 לא שערום. (v. שַׁעַר) to superintend the market, v. מְשָׁעֵר. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּעֵר to be estimated, measured. Ukts. II, 8 מִשְׁתַּעֲרִין בכמות שהן are measured as they are (not compressed); מִשְׁתַּעֶרֶת בכמות שהיא is measured as it is. ↗ expanded

שְׁעַר Pa. שַׁעֵיר same, to measure, calculate. Targ. O. Gen. XXVI, 12 בדשַׁעֲרוּהִי ed. Berl. (oth. ed. בדשַׁעֲרוֹהִי; Y. בדשַׁעֲרוֹי; h. text שערים).—Ḥull. 97ᵇ ולִישַׁעֲרִינְהוּ בפלפלין וכ׳ why not use as a standard (for calculation in the case of admixtures of forbidden substances) pepper or spices which are not neutralized in a mass of a thousand times their quantity? Ib. בדידיה מְשַׁעֲרִינָן או בדנפיק מיניה משערינן do we calculate the proportions by the actual size of the admixture, or by the quantity that has come out of it (has been absorbed in the dish)? Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵈ top שַׁעֲרוּנָהּ רבנין וכ׳ the Rabbis made the calculation, and it (the well of Miriam) was exactly opposite the middle gate &c.; Lev. R. s. 22 שערותא (corr. acc.); Koh. R. to V, 8 שיערו אותה וכ׳ (Hebr.). ↗ expanded

שָׂעַר to be rough, denom. שֵׂעָר; to shudder, fear. Sifré Deut. 318 (expl. שערום, Deut. XXXII, 17) שלא עמדה שערת וכ׳ your fathers’ hair did not stand on end before them (v. שָׁעַר II); Yalk. ib. 545. Hif. הִשְׂעִיר (denom. of שֵׂעָר) to grow hair, be hairy. Ḥull. 44ᵃ עד מקום שיַשְׂעִיר Ms. M. a Rashi (ed. כדי, corr. acc.) to the place (of the stomach) where it becomes covered with hair. Ib. (Chald. diction) תורא דמַשְׂעִיר טפי an ox, which is more hairy (on the stomach). Nidd. 25ᵇ עד שישעיר until the embryo has hair. ↗ expanded

שְׂעַר , Af. אַשְׂעִיר, v. preced. ↗ expanded

שֵׂעָר preced.) hair. Meg. 18ᵃ, a. e. מסלסל בשׂעַרְךָ, v. סִלְסֵל. Naz. I, 2 הכביד שַׂעֲרוֹ, v. כָּבֵד I. Ib. 4ᵇ לשחת ש׳ וכ׳ to ruin such fine hair; Tosef. ib. IV, 7. Yoma 47ᵃ קלעי שַׂעֲרִי, v. קֶלַע II; a. fr.—Trnsf. crown, ramification of a tree; panicle, stem and pod of leguminous plants. Peah II, 3, a. e. ש׳ כותש, v. כָּתַשׁ; Y. ib. 17ᵃ top סֵעָר. Kil. IV, 9 היה הופך ש׳ שתי וכ׳ he turned the branches of two rows of vines towards one side; B. Bath. 82ᵇ. Sabb. XXI, 3 ש׳ של אפונין וש׳ וכ׳ the panicles (pods) of beans and of lentils. Tosef. Ukts. I, 8 סֵיאָר ed. Zuck. (Var. שיע, read as ed. T’bul Yom III: שיער) the panicle of a pomegranate; a. fr.—Pl., v. שַׂעֲרָה ↗ expanded

שְׂעַר ² ch., v. שַׂעֲרָא ↗ expanded

שַׁעַר שער to divide, break open) gate, open place for public and private transactions. Sifré Deut. 242 (ref. to Deut. XXII, 24 ש׳ שנמצאת בו וכ׳ the gate (of the place) where she was found, and not the gate where she was judged. Keth. 45ᵇ (ref. to Deut. XVII, 5) ש׳ שעבד בו the gate (of the place) where he worshipped the idol. Midd. I, 3 ש׳ המזרחי the eastern Temple gate; a. v. fr.—Pl. שְׁעָרִים, שְׁעָרִין; constr. שַׁעֲרֵי. Ib. חמשה ש׳ היו וכ׳ the Temple mount had five gates; שני ש׳ חולדה two ḥuldah gates, v. חוּלְדָּה II. Ib. 4; a. v. fr. market, market price. B. Mets. V, 7 שיצא הש׳, v. פָּסַק. Ib. (72ᵇ) כש׳ הגבוה (Bab. ed. בש׳) according to the price at the height of the market, i.e. the lowest price. Ib. 8 כש׳ הזול according to the lowest market price. Ib. 1 לקח … וכן הש׳ if he bought wheat of him, at a gold Denar a Kor, and such was the market price. Gitt. 57ᵃ נחסר הש׳ מודיא אחת the price went down one Modius, i.e. from forty Modii to thirty-nine for a Denar; וחזר הש׳ למקומו the price went back to its former figure; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. B. Bath. 89ᵃ לש׳ for the regulation of market prices, v. אֲגַרְדְּמִיס; Y. ib. V, end, 15ᵇ שִׁיעוּרִין, a. שִׁיעוּרַיָּיא. ↗ expanded

שַׁעַר 2 estimation, proportion. — Pl. שְׁעָרִים. Gen. R. s. 64 (ref. to Gen. XXVI, 12) מאה כורים מאה ש׳ מאה מניינים מאה ש׳ וכ׳ one hundred Kor; one hundred proportions, one hundred quantities; one hundred sh’ʿarim, this shows that they had made an estimate of it (the crop of the field), and it brought a hundred times the estimated quantity; Yalk. ib. 111 (corr. acc.); Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXXIII וכל דבר … מאה ש׳ של ממון וכ׳ and for every thing that he gave tithes of, the Lord sent him one hundred times the value, and he blessed him. ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲרָא 1 same, esp. percent. , interest. Targ. Y. Ex. XXII, 24 (h. text נשך). Targ. Y. I Lev. XXV, 36, sq. (ed. Vien. שַׁעַרְיָן, corr. acc.); Y. II שִׁעוּרִין. ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲרָא 2 = h. שַׁעַר I, 2, market price. Ruth R. introd. שַׁעֲרֵיהוֹן דפוריא, v. פּוֹרָא. ↗ expanded

שַׂעֲרָא = h. שׂעָר, hair. Targ. Gen. XXV, 25, v. סְעָר. Targ. Lev. XIII, 3; a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 15, v. שִׁטְפָא; Yalk. ib. 554 שַׂעֲרָה. Midr. Sam. ch. II (v. מוֹרָא I a. מוֹרָה II) מה הדין סירא … אף הדין ש׳ וכ׳ as the thorn is afraid of nothing but the iron, so is the hair &c.; Yalk. Sam. 78 (corr. acc.); Y. Naz. IX, end, 58ᵃ ביזרא … סַעֲרָה; a. e.—Pl. שַׂעֲרָן (fem.). Targ. Ps. LXIX, 5 Levita (ed. סַעֲרָן, סַעֲרִין). ↗ expanded

שַׂעֲרָה preced.) hair. Y. Sot. I, 16ᶜ top ש׳ אחת one hair; a. e.—Pl. שׂעֲרוֹת. Ib., a. fr. שתי ש׳ (not שני) two hairs (symptom of maturity). Lev. R. s. 20 מעולם לא ראו … ש׳ ראשי the beams of my house never saw the hair of my head (v. קֶלַע II); Y. Yoma I, 38ᵈ top; a. fr. ear, panicle. Y. Ter. I, 40ᵈ top ש׳ של אורז (ed. Krot. שְׂעוֹרָה) the panicles of rice. ↗ expanded

שְׂעָרֵי barley, v. סְעַרְתָּא. ↗ expanded

שְׁעָרִים Beth-Sh’ʿarim, near Sepphoris (v. Neub. Géogr. p. 200), one of the seats of the Sanhedrin. R. Hash. 31ᵇ. Sanh. 32ᵇ אחר רבי לב׳ ש׳ follow up Rabbi to B. Sh. Tosef. Ter. VII, 14; Tosef. Succ. II, 2 (the seat of R. Johanan ben Nuri). Tosef. Par. V (IV), 6; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׂעֲרָן , v. סַעֲרָן ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲשׁוּעַ delight, pleasure. Cant. R. to VI, 11, v. שְׂחוֹק; (Pesik. R. s. 11 תענוג).—Pl. שַׁעֲשׁוּעִים. Tanḥ. T’tsavveh 1; Yalk. Jer. 315 ילד של ש׳ a child of delight, v. שָׁעַע.—Trnsf. (sub. ילד, ילדי) beloved child or children. M. Kat. 25ᵇ (in a eulogy) ארץ … גידלה שַׁעֲשׁוּעֶיהָ the land of Shinear (Babylonia) conceived and gave birth to, the land of beauty (Palestine) raised her beloved child. ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲשׁוּעִית , v. שְׁעוּעִית ↗ expanded

שַׁעֲשִׁיעֲתָא = שְׁעִיעוּתָא, smoothness. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXXIII, 4. ↗ expanded

שִׁעֲשֵׁעַ , v. שָׁעַע, שְׁעַע. ↗ expanded

שַׁעְתָּא = h. שָׁעָה, while, time; hour. Targ. II Kings V, 26 (ed. Wil. שעה). Targ. Ex. XXXIII, 5. Targ. Y. ib. XXIII, 5; a. fr.—Ber. 64ᵃ אצטריכא להו ש׳ the time needed them (circumstances required one of them as chief of the college); Bekh. 31ᵃ, v. צְרֵךְ. Y. Bets. II, 61ᶜ top, a. e. בשַׁעְתָּהּ in its proper time, v. גּוּמְרָא. Ber. 7ᵃ כי … ש׳ אלטייה when that moment comes, I will curse him; כי … ש׳ ניים when that moment came, he was asleep. Ib. כל ש׳ וש׳ at all times. Ib. כל ש׳ any other time; בההיא ש׳ but at that special time; Ab. Zar. 4ᵇ. Pes. 11ᵇ פלגא דש׳ half an hour; a. fr.—Pl. שָׁעַיָּא, שָׁעִין, שָׁעֵי; (שָׁעָתָא). Targ. II Kings XX, 11. Targ. Job VII, 18 (not שָׁעֲתָא); a. fr.—Ber. l. c.; Ab. Zar. l. c. בהנך תלת ש׳ וכ׳ during those first three hours (of the day) &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׁף , v. שׁוּף.—יתיב(ו) שף, v. שׁוּף I ch. ↗ expanded

שַׁף , v. שְׁפַף ↗ expanded

שָׁפָא , v. שפי ↗ expanded

שָׁפָא ² (שׁוּף I) [slip, the place from which something slipped,] socket. Macc. 11ᵇ עאל איבריה לש׳ each limb (bone) of his went into its socket; Yalk. Gen. 149. ↗ expanded

שִׁפָּא 1 (v. next w.) block of hewn stone, v. סִפָּא. ↗ expanded

שִׁפָּא (שְׁפַף) chip, pin. Targ. Hab. II, 11 (h. text כפיס). ↗ expanded

שְׁפָאִים (שָׁפָה I) same, chips. Ab. Zar. 49ᵇ אותן ש׳ מה וכ׳ what is the law about those chips? Ib. שְׁפָאֶיהָ (Ms. M. שִׁיפּוּיֶיהָ, v. שִׁיפּוּי I).—Trnsf. שְׁפָאֵי עידית (cmp. בִּיזְלֵי) disconnected strips of a first class field. Gitt. 50ᵃ (v. Tosaf. a. l.); [Rashi takes שפאי as verb, fr. שפי = שׁוּף to slip]. ↗ expanded

שַׁפַּאי , v. שַׁפַּיי ↗ expanded

שָׁפַד to chip, point.—Denom. שְׁפוּד. Pi. שִׁפֵּד (denom. of שְׁפוּד) to pierce. Snh. 41ᵃ שִׁפְּדוֹ בייחור וכ׳ (or שְׁפָדוֹ) he pierced him with the shoot of a fig tree. ↗ expanded

שְׁפַד to point.—Part. pass. שָׁפִיד. Bekh. 40ᵃ, v. פְּרַס I. (denom. of שפודא) to put on the spit, roast. Ḥull. 111ᵃ sq. חזייה … דקא שָׁפֵיד וכ׳ he saw the son of R. b. A. put a liver on the spit over a piece of meat. Pes. 74ᵇ שַׁפְדֵּיה בשפודא (or שַׁפְּדֵיה Pa.) if he put it on the spit (and roasted it). ↗ expanded

שִׁפָּה , v. סִפָּא ↗ expanded

שָׂפָה v. סְפָי) rim, border, binding. B. Bath. II, 1 ארבעה מן הש׳ four handbreadths from the rim of the stove. Ib. 19ᵃ שְׂפַת מחמצן the border of the wash-pit; a. fr.—קמי ש׳, קנה ש׳, v. קָמָה. lip; speech. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᶜ top המאדם אודם בש׳ he who reddens his lips (v. אָדַם; Naḥmanides reads: בטפה). Ib. XIV, 14ᵈ top כל שהוא מן הש׳ ולפנים any wound on the lip and further inside (in the mouth, opp. חָלָל III). Y. Macc. II, end, 32ᵃ, a. fr. בש׳ רפה with lax lips, with low indistinct speech; a. fr.—Pl. שְׂפָתוֹת, שְׂפָיוֹת (סְפָי); Du. שְׂפָתַיִם. Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. VI, 15 שְׂפָתָיו, v. שָׁפַע. M. Kat. 15ᵃ (expl. ועל שפם וכ׳, Lev. XIII, 45) שיהו שִׂפְתוֹתָיו מדובקות וכ׳ his lips should cleave to each other (he must not greet or answer greeting). Koh. R. to XII, 4 בנות השיר אלו הש׳ ‘the daughters of song’, that means the lips; Lev. R. s. 18 שִׂפְתוֹתָיו. Sabb. 152ᵃ שִׂפְתוֹתֵיהֶן וכ׳, v. רָפַט. Ab. Zar. 35ᵃ שִׂפְתוֹתֶיךָ, v. חָשַׁק. Keth. 61ᵇ את השפתים, v. שִׁרְבֵּט; Y. Keth. V, 30ᵃ bot. השפיות, v. שִׁלְבֵּק; a. fr.—Y. Yeb. VI, beg. 7ᵇ בין הש׳ between the lips (of the vagina). ↗ expanded

שָׁפָה verb, v. שפי ↗ expanded

שָׁפָה ² (שָׁפָה II) overflow, additional measure; v. שֶׁפַע. ↗ expanded

שְׁפוּד (שָׁפַד) spit. Pes. VII, 1 ש׳ של רימון a spit made of pomegranate wood. Ib. 74ᵃ ש׳ של מתכת a metal spit. Y. Naz. VI, 55ᵇ ש׳ אחד של נבילה one spit with forbidden meat. Bets. 28ᵇ; a. fr.—[Tosef. Meïl. I, 25, v. שִׁיפּוּי I.]—Pl. שְׁפוּדִין. Y. Naz. l. c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁפּוּדָא Pes. 74ᵇ שפדיה בש׳, v. שְׁפַד. Ib. תלנהו בש׳ if he suspended them from the spit; a. e.—Pl. שַׁפּוּדַיָּא. Targ. Y. Num. XXXI, 23 (ed. Vien. שִׁפּ׳).—V. שִׁיפּוּדָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁפּוּט , v. sub שִׁיפּ׳. ↗ expanded

שָׁפוּי , v. שָׁפָה I, III. ↗ expanded

שְׁפוּיָיתָא , v. שְׁפִיּוּתָא ↗ expanded

שָׁפוֹךְ (שְׁפַךְ) gutter, slope, spout. Targ. O. Num. XXI, 15 שָׁ׳ לנחליא ed. Berl. (oth. ed. שָׁפוּךְ נחל׳, read: שְׁפוּךְ; Ms. שְׁפוּךְ, שְׁפִיךְ; h. text אשד).—B. Bath. 3ᵇ Ar. ed. Koh., v. שָׁפְכָא.—V. שִׁפְכוּתָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁפוֹכָאָה (preced.) a laborer engaged in pouring wine to fill up vessels.—Pl. שְׁפוֹכָאֵי. Ab. Zar. 72ᵇ.—[B. Bath. 3ᵇ Ar., v. שָׁפְכָא.] ↗ expanded

שִׁפּוּל , v. sub שִׁיפּ׳. ↗ expanded

שפופינא , v. שְׁפִיפוֹנָא ↗ expanded

שְׁפוֹפֶרֶת (= שפרפ׳, v. שׁוֹפָר) [something round.] tube; ש׳ של ביצה egg-shell. Nidd. 21ᵇ Erub. 43ᵇ, v. מְצוֹפוֹת. Lev. R. s. 16, beg. היתה מביאה ש׳ וכ׳ she took an egg-shell and filled it with balsam, v. שַׁלְפּוּחִית. Ḥull. 57ᵇ עשו לה ש׳ של קנה וכ׳ they made for it (the dislocated and detached hip-bone) a tube of reed (to support it), and the hen recovered. Kel. XVII, 17 ש׳ הקש a straw tube. Snh. 68ᵃ, a. fr. כמכחול בש׳, v. מַכְחוֹל; a. fr.—ש׳ הנוד or ש׳ the tube (mouth-piece) of the leather bottle. Par. V, 8. Ib. VI, 1; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁפּוּצָא , v. שִׁיפּוּצָא ↗ expanded

שפותה , Y. Ned. I, 37ᵃ top, read: שְׁבִיתָה, v. שְׁבוּתָה ↗ expanded

שָׂפַח , v. סָפַח ↗ expanded

שִׁפְחָה v. מִשְׁפָּחָה) [attached to the household,] handmaid, slave.—ש׳ חרופה, v. חֲרוּפָה.—Snh. 39ᵃ נטלו … לו ש׳ לשמשו they took a rib from him (Adam), and gave him a handmaid to wait on him. Ib. 99ᵇ מוטב תהא ש׳ לאומה זו וכ׳ better for her to be a handmaid to this nation than a mistress to any other nation. Kidd. III, 12 ולד ש׳ ונכרית the child of a slave or of a gentile woman. Ib. 13 ממזר שנשא ש׳ וכ׳ if a bastard married a slave, their child is a slave. Ib. 69ᵃ האומר לשִׁפְחָתוֹ וכ׳ if one says to his bondwoman, be thou free, but thy child (with which thou goest) shall be a slave, the child follows her status (is free). Ib. ש׳ כנענית a Canaanite slave. Keth. V, 5 הכניסה לו ש׳ אחת וכ׳ if the wife brought him one slave, she need not grind, or bake &c.; a. v. fr.—Pl. שְׁפָחוֹת. Ib. אפי׳ … מאה ש׳ וכ׳ even if she brought him a hundred slaves, he may force her (his wife) to work in wool &c. Ker. 9ᵃ ש׳ חרופות, v. חֲרוּפָה. Lev. R. s. 16, a. e. ש׳ מכודנות, v. כָּדַן. Tanḥ. Vayetsé 8 לא תהא … הש׳ should not my sister Rachel be at least like one of the handmaids (Bilhah and Zilpah)? Ab. II, 7; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁפְחוּת (preced.) status of a handmaid. Y. Kidd. I, 59ᶜ bot., v. אִישׁוּת; Bab. Kidd. 18ᵇ. Ib. 19ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁפַט v. פטט, s. v. פַּטָּטָא) [to divide; cmp. גזר,] to decree, decide, judge. Ruth R. to I, 1 אוי לדור שׁשָׁפְטוּ … צריכין להִשָּׁפט woe to the generation that judge (criticise) their judges, and woe to the generation whose judges need to be judged; B. Bath. 15ᵇ (ref. to Ruth l. c.) דור שׁשׁוֹפֵט וכ׳ it was a generation that judged its judges &c., v. קִיסָּם. Sot. 10ᵃ זכור לי … שׁשָׁפַטְתִּי וכ׳ remember unto me the twenty (-two) years that I judged Israel, and never did I say to them, carry a stick for me from one place to another; a. fr.—V. שׁוֹפֵט. Nif. נִשְׁפַּט to be judged, criticised. Ruth R. l. c., v. supra. ↗ expanded

שֶׁפֶט , pl. שְׁפָטִים(b. h.; preced.) judgments, punishments. Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 8 נעשו ש׳ בע"ז judgment was executed on the idols; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁפְטָא (שפט; v. פַּטָּטָא, פַּיּוֹטוֹת)childish. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 6 Ar. (ed. טפשא; h. text נבל). ↗ expanded

שֻׁפְטָנָא , v. שׁוּפְטָנָא ↗ expanded

שפי to crush. —Part. pass. שָׁפוּי, pl. שְׁפוּיִין crushed, humble, contrite (= b. h. דַּכָּא). Tosef. Ḥag. II, 9 עניו וש׳ humble and contrite; Tosef. Snh. VII, 1 וש׳ (only); Y. ib. I, 19ᶜ. Gen. R. s. 60 דווין וש׳ Ar. (ed. ושפופין) broken down and crushed (poor); a. e. to rub, smooth, plane. —Part. pass. as ab. a) smooth. Koh. R. to XII, 14 two paths אחד ש׳ ואחד מלא וכ׳ one smooth, and the other full of thorns and pebbles.—Yalk. Gen. 62 בור ש׳ (Snh. 109ᵃ שָׁאפֵי; Ar. שפת, corr. acc.) a smooth (blank, empty) pit, v. בּוֹרְסִיף.—b) (cmp. חָלָק) unimpaired, unscathed. Gen. R. s. 45, v. רָתַק. Pi. שִׁפָּה, שִׁי׳ to plane, saw, trim. Ḥull. 125ᵃ קולית שש׳ וכ׳ a thigh-bone which one sawed through lengthwise. Ab. Zar. 42ᵃ ישראל שש׳ ע"ז וכ׳ if an Israelite chipped off an idol whether for his own purpose (to use the wood) or for its sake (to improve its appearance). Ib. 49ᵇ. Y. Gitt. V, 47ᵃ bot. גזלו ושִׁיפָּהוּ if he took a block by force and planed it. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 1 שפת הימנה וכ׳ (read: שפה) if he filed off a part of it and made of it &c.; a. e.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּפֶּה; pl. מְשׁוּפִּים, מְשׁוּפִּין. Y. Gitt. l. c. גזלו מש׳ if he took it planed. Y. Succ. I, 52ᶜ top במש׳ לכלים (not בכלים) when the boards are planed preparatory to making them into utensils; a. e. to smooth, polish, Kel. XIV, 5 משׁיְשַׁפֶּנּוּ Ar.; Ned. 56ᵇ משׁיְשַׁפֵּם, v. שׁוּף II.—Trnsf. to pacify, give satisfaction. Y. B. Mets. V, 10ᵇ המבטל … חייב לשַׁפּוֹת לו if a tenant or an agent neglects his neighbor’s field, he must indemnify him; ib. IX, beg. 12ᵃ to leave smooth places, (cmp. חָלַק Hif.) to plant wide apart. Y. Orl. I, beg. 60ᶜ לקורות במְשַׁפֶּה (or במַשְׁפֶּה Hif.) when he plants the trees wide apart, it is an indication that he wants to raise them for beams, opp. רָצַף. B. Bath. V, 4 הגדילו לא יְשַׁפֶּה (or יַשְׁפֶּה) if they (the trees bought in a person’s field) grew large, he (the owner of the field) has no right to smooth the field (cut the trees down). Ib. הגדילו ישפה when they are grown large, he (the owner of the trees) may cut them (in order to use the ground they occupy); a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁפֵי to crush, rub, grind. Targ. Ps. LVI, 2 (h. text שאף). Ib. 3.—Part. pass. שָׁפֵי; f. שַׁפְיָא; pl. שַׁפְיָין, שַׁפְיָן. Ib. LI, 19 (h. text נדכה). Targ. Job XXXIII, 21. to plane, smooth, paste over. Yeb. 75ᵇ שַׁפְיֵיה וכ׳ he trimmed it (cut off the protuberances) like a writing reed. Sabb. 98ᵇ, v. טָרִיז (v. שְׁפֵי II). B. Kam. 98ᵃ Ms. M., v. שׁוּף II ch. Snh. 109ᵇ שַׁפְיוּהָ דובשא וכ׳ they smeared her body with honey, and placed her on the roof &c.; a. e.—Part. pass. as ab, smooth, level. Targ. Prov. XV, 19. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXI, 2; 5 (friendly).—Snh. 109ᵃ בור שָׁאפֵי, v. preced. Pa. שַׁפֵּי to crush. Targ. Esth. I, 10. Targ. Ps. LI, 10 דשַׁפְּיֵיתָא Ms. (ed. Lag. דשיפייתא, corr. acc.; ed. Wil. דשָׁפִיתָא Pe.; h. text דכית). Ib. LXXXIX, 11; a. e. to plane, trim.—Part. pass. מְשַׁפִּי; f. מְשַׁפְּיָא; pl. מְשַׁפְּיָין, מְשַׁפְּיָן. B. Bath. 3ᵃ אבני דלא משפיין Ms. M. (ed. משפיא, corr. acc.), v. גְּוִיל. ↗ expanded

שפי ² (v.שָׁפַע) to incline, v. שִׁיפּוּי II. to tilt, pour out slowly (so as to leave the sediment behind). Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 12 כדקים … שׁוֹפִין אלו באלו ed. Bub. (oth. ed. שופכין) as the small bowels of an animal that pour their contents from one to the other. Esth. R. to II, 3; a. e.—Esp. to sell wine. B. Mets. 60ᵃ השׁוֹפֶה יין לחמרים Ms. H. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10; ed. לחבירו; Ar. לשמרים, corr. acc.) if one sells wine to ass-drivers (caravan at an inn); Tosef. ib. III, 27 היה שׁוֹפֵא וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. שופה); a. e. Pi. שִׁיפָּה to make slanting, whittle to a point.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּפֶּה; f. מְשׁוּפָּה; pl. מְשׁוּפִּים, מְשׁוּפִּין; מְשׁוּפּוֹת. Keth. 5ᵇ מש׳ כיתדות (the fingers) pointed like pegs. ↗ expanded

שְׁפֵי ² to incline, make slanting. Sabb. 98ᵇ דשָׁפֵי להו כי טורין they made the boards slanting like mountain sides (bringing to a point; Ar. טָרִיז q. v.); Yalk. Ex. 370. to pour out slowly. Ḥull. 67ᵃ לא לִשְׁפֵּי וכ׳, v. צִיבְּתָא. B. Kam. 115ᵇ אפשר … וש׳ ליה (not דש׳) one may put something (a piece of cloth &c.) over the mouth of a jug, and pour (strain) the liquid through. Sabb. 139ᵇ שָׁפוּ שיכרא וכ׳ Rashi (ed. שָׁאפוּ) they poured beer slowly from vessel to vessel (leaving the dregs behind); a. e.—Kidd. 71ᵇ שָׁפֵי חלא vinegar dealer, v. שָׁפֵיחָלָא.—Trnsf. to let the blood flow after bloodletting. Sabb. 129ᵃ דלמא ש׳ ליה וכ׳ perhaps the surgeon may bleed him too long &c. ↗ expanded

שפי ³ (v.שָׁפָה I) [to be smooth,] to be quiet, at ease; to be relieved. Nidd. IV, 4 ושָׁפְתָה מעת לעת and was relieved for a full day, opp. קשתה, v. קָשָׁה. Ib. שפתה מן הצער וכ׳ she was relieved from pain, but not from the flux of blood; a. e.—Part. pass. שָׁפוּי quiet, sane. Arakh. 17ᵇ, sq. ש׳ ונשתטה if he was sane and became mad; B. Bath. 128ᵃ.—V. שׁוֹפִי II. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּפֶּה, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּפֶּה (of a delirious person) to become quiet, conscious, sane. B. Kam. IV, 4 נש׳ השוטה if the madman became sane again; Tosef. ib. IV, 4. Y. Ter. I, 40ᵇ bot. לכשׁיִשְׁתַּפֶּה when he is sane again (we may write a letter of divorce at his order); Y. Gitt. VII, beg. 48ᶜ. Y. Keth. I, 25ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁפֵי ³ , to be quiet, at ease.—V. שֶׁפִי. Pa. שַׁפֵּי to quiet, pacify, satisfy. Gitt. 73ᵃ זיל שַׁפֵּי ליה go and pacify (settle with) him. B. Mets. 15ᵃ ואֲשׁפֵּי וכ׳ (Ms. H. a. R. ואֵישַׁפֵּי), v. מְרַק.—Part. pass. מְשַׁפֵּי; pl. מְשַׁפָּן. Ib. 70ᵃ דמש׳ ניכסיה (not דמשפו) one whose property is at peace (undisputed by any claimants). ↗ expanded

שֶׁפִי (preced.) quiet, ease. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXIII, 3; Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXII, 8 בלב ש׳ with an easy heart. ↗ expanded

שִׁפְיוּת , v. שִׁיפְיוּת ↗ expanded

שְׁפִיּוּתָא (preced.) compromise, peace. Targ. Y. I Gen. III, 15 (Y. II שְׁפוּיָיתָא). ↗ expanded

שָׁפֵיחָלָא , בֵּי שָׁ׳ the family of Shafekala (vinegar dealer). Kidd. 71ᵇ Ar. (ed. בי בר שפי חלא, v. שְׁפֵי II). ↗ expanded

שְׁפִיטָה (שָׁפַט) judging, judgeship. Snh. 3ᵇ (ref. to Num. XXXV, 24 sq.) משעת שְׁפִיטַת העדה from the time that the assembly meets for judging (from the beginning of the legal proceedings, the court consists of twenty-three). Num. R. s. 14⁹ על שפיטת שמשון the verse (Gen. XLIX, 16) refers to Samson’s judgeship. ↗ expanded

שַׁפַּיי (שְׁפֵי II) wine merchant. — Pl. שַׁפָּיִין, שַׁפָּאִין, שַׁפָּיֵיא. Lev. R. s. 12 עברון ש׳ בתרע וכ׳ wine merchants passed the gate of the cemetery; Esth. R. to II, 1 (ר׳ עזריה) ש׳ שנאון (strike out שנאון, a corrupt dittogr. of שפאין); Yalk. Prov. 960. Y. Dem. V, 24ᵈ ברם באילין ש׳ וכ׳ but as to wine dealers, they are used to empty from vessel to vessel. Y. Shek. VII, 50ᶜ bot., v. חֲכַם. ↗ expanded

שְׁפֵיךְ , v. שְׁפַךְ ↗ expanded

שְׁפִיךְ , v. שָׁפוֹךְ ↗ expanded

שְׁפִיכָא , pl. שְׁפִיכֵי, v. שָׁפְכָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁפִיכָה (שָׁפַךְ) pouring out. T’bul Yom IV, 7, v. שֶׁבֶר I. Y. Pes. I, end, 28ᵇ (ref. to Deut. XII, 24) לא … אלא בש׳ I have allowed thee no other use of its blood than pouring it out (but you must not bleed a consecrated animal). Y. Yoma V, 43ᵃ top (ref. to Lev. IV, 7) לרבות … לש׳ this includes the blood of the bullock for the Day of Atonement, that it must be poured out (at the bottom of the altar); a. fr.—Pl. שְׁפִיכוֹת. Lam. R. to IV, 11 ארבע ש׳ לטובה וכ׳ four times is pouring out mentioned for good, and four times for evil. ↗ expanded

שְׁפִיכוּת same. Makhsh. II, 3 מי ש׳ water that is poured out, dirty water, opp. מי גשמים rain water.—Esp. ש׳ דמים shedding of blood. Arakh. 15ᵇ כל המספר … וש׳ ד׳ he that talks slander commits great sins to be compared to the three great crimes: idolatry, incest, and bloodshed. Snh. 57ᵇ (ref. to Gen. IX, 6) איזהו ש׳ ד׳ של אדם שהוא בגופו וכ׳ what way of killing is a shedding of blood within a man’s body? It is strangulation. Ib. 74ᵃ כל … חוץ … וש׳ ד׳ regarding all sins … one may transgress in order to escape death, except idolatry, incest, and murder; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁפִיכוּתָא ch., constr. שְׁפִיכוּת, same. Targ. Y. II, Lev. I, 16. Targ. Y. II, Deut. III, 17 ש׳ קיטמא (read מיא), v. שִׁפְכוּתָא. Targ. Y. Gen. XXVIII, 20 (not שְׁפִיכוֹת).—B. Bath. 25ᵇ בש׳ when the rain comes pouring, opp. בניחותא gently. ↗ expanded

שְׁפֵילָה , v. sub שְׁפֵל׳. ↗ expanded

שְׁפִיפוֹן [sliding,] a species of serpents, adder (?). Num. R. s. 14⁹ כנגד … נחש וש׳ corresponding to the two things to which his (Dan’s) father compared him, serpent and sh’fifon. Sot. 10ᵃ בלעם … שנאמר ש׳ וכ׳ Balaam was lame in one foot, for we read (Num. XXIII, 3), and he went shefi; Samson was lame in both feet, for it says (Gen. XLIX, 17) sh’fifon (sliding) on the road. Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ bot. מין קטן הוא ושמו ש׳ it is a small kind of serpent, its name is sh’fifon, and it is as thin as a hair. ↗ expanded

שְׁפִיפוֹנָא Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ top אשכחון ש׳ … לשערה וכ׳ (not שפופי׳) they found a serpent as thin as a hair wound around &c., v. preced. ↗ expanded

שַׁפֵּיץ , v. שְׁפַץ ↗ expanded

שְׂפֵיק , v. שְׂפֵק ↗ expanded

שְׁפִיר (שפר; cmp. שׁוֹפָר 2, a. שְׁפוֹפֶרֶת) membraneous bag, sac of a fœtus; in gen. fœtus. Nidd. III, 3 המפלת ש׳ מלא וכ׳ if a woman discharges a sac full of water &c. Lev. R. s. 14; Y. Nidd. III, 50ᵈ top (ref. to Job XXXVIII, 9) לבושו זה הש׳ וכ׳ ‘its garment’ means the sac, ‘its swaddling band’, the placenta. Ib. ש׳ מרוקם a fœtus having an articulated shape, v. רָשׁוֹן; Bab. Nidd. 25ᵃ ש׳ שאינו מרוקם a shapeless fœtus. Y. Naz. VII, 56ᵇ I have seen עגל כאפון בש׳ the embryo of a calf, of the size of a bean, in a bag; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁפִיר ² Targ. Y. Deut. XXVIII, 57.—Nidd. 25ᵇ ההוא ש׳ דאתאי וכ׳ a fœtus was brought before Mar Samuel, and he said, this is forty-one days old; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁפִּיר (שְׁפַר) handsome, pleasing; good; cheerful. Targ. I Sam. XVI, 12. Targ. O. Gen. XLVII, 6, (v. שֶׁפֶר ch.); a. fr.—Midr. Till. to Ps. XVI, 6 (in Hebr. dict.) על … נעשה לי ש׳ because I was content with my portion, it became beautiful to me; Yalk. ib. 667 (corr. acc.).—Kidd. 31ᵇ בעינא גברא דש׳ כותך I want a man as handsome as thou art; a. fr.—Pl. שַׁפִּירִין, שַׁפִּירַיָּא, שַׁפִּירֵי. Targ. Deut. VIII, 12. Targ. II Chr. VII, 10; a. fr.—B. Mets. 84ᵃ אנא … מש׳ ירושלם I am one of the survivors of the handsome men of Jerusalem. Ib. בני ש׳ כוותי children as good-looking as I am; a. fr.—Fem. שׁפִּירָא, שַׁפִּירְתָּא, שַׁפִּרְ׳. Targ. Gen. XII, 14. Ib. 11. Targ. O. Num. XII, 1; a. fr.—B. Mets. l. c. דש׳ מינאי who is handsomer than I am; a. e.—Pl. שַׁפִּירָן, שַׁפִּירָתָא. Targ. Gen. VI, 2. Targ. Y. ib. 1. Targ. Job XLII, 15; a. e. (adv.) right, well. B. Mets. l. c. אטו … דש׳ קאמינא do I not know that what I say is right? Yoma 29ᵇ מאן קא מותיב ש׳ קא מותיב he who asked that question has asked well. Yeb. 94ᵇ והאי ש׳ נסיב and he married rightly (legally); והא ש׳ נסיב and he married this one lawfully; a. fr.—ש׳ דמי, v. דְּמֵי I. ↗ expanded

שְׁפִירָא , v. שְׁפִיר ch. ↗ expanded

שַׁפִּירוּתָא (preced. art.) goodness; (with לבא) cheerfulness. Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 47 (Y. שְׁפִירוּת; ed. Lsb. קשיטות). ↗ expanded

שַׁפִּירְתָּא , v. שַׁפִּיר ↗ expanded

שְׁפִיתָה (שָׁפַת) placing over or by the fire. Kel. VIII, 8 מכנגד שְׁפִיתַת הקדרה ולפנים from the place where the pot is placed and inside (towards the fire). Ib. 9 כור שיש בו בית ש׳ a smelting pot which has a bottom or foot whereon it can rest (Mish. ed. בור וכ׳ a hole in the ground with an arrangement for putting a pot over fire); a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁפַךְ Shaf. of הפך) [to invert,] to pour; to empty. Lam. R. to IV, 11 מזמר אני שהפך חופתו … ולא ש׳ חמתו וכ׳ I sing, because he (the king) has upset his son’s bridal chamber, but has not poured out his anger over his son; שש׳ הקב"ה … ולא ש׳ because the Lord has poured his anger over wood and stone, and did not pour it out over Israel. Yeb. 75ᵇ (ref. to Deut. XXIII, 2) מי שע"י כריתה שׁוֹפֵךְ he who pours (semen, instead of shooting forth, מקלח) in consequence of cutting. Succ. II, 9, v. קִיתוֹן. Y. Sabb. XII, end, 13ᵈ וכתב לא השופך ‘and he writes’ (Deut. XXIV, 3), but not ‘he pours’ (a chemical fluid over a sympathetic writing to make it legible); ib. שופך דיו וכ׳ he pours ink in which there is no gall-nut, and this catches (settles on) the written letters; Y. Gitt. II, 44ᵇ top שָׁפֵיךְ (Chald.); a. fr.—ש׳ דמים to shed blood. Gen. R. s. 34. B. Mets. 58ᵇ, v. לָבַן II; a. fr.—[Midr. Till. to Ps. XXII, 16 שופכין, read: שׁוֹפְתִין, v. שָׁפַת.] Nif. נִשְׁפַּךְ to be poured out, emptied. Ḥull. 47ᵇ ריאה שׁנִשְׁפְּכָה כקיתון a lung which (by tearing the membrane) is emptied like a ladle. Sot. 42ᵇ (play on שופך, v. שׁוֹבַךְ) שכל הרואה אותו נ׳ לפניו וכ׳ whoever saw him, was poured out before him like a ladle (his courage failed him, cmp. מָסַס). Pes. 22ᵇ דם שנ׳ כמים וכ׳ blood that is poured out like water makes susceptible of uncleanness. Ib. 22ᵃ כמים הנִשְׁפָּכִין like water that is poured out (ordinary water), opp. המתנסכין used for libation. Ib. 20ᵇ תִּשָּׁפֵךְ חבל, v. חֲבַל II. Zeb. VIII, 7, sq. יִשָּׁפֵךְ לאמה shall be poured into the sewer; a. fr. Pi. שִׁפֵּךְ to make slanting. Part. pass. מְשׁוּפָּךְ. Yoma 68ᵇ (ref. to שפך, Lev. IV, 12) שיהא מקומו מש׳ the place for the ashes must be sloping; Sifra Vayikra, Hob., Par. 3, ch. V; Zeb. 106ᵃ ↗ expanded

שְׁפַךְ Targ. Ez. XXIV, 7. Ib. XXII, 6. Targ. Zech. XII, 10; a. fr.—Ab. Zar. 72ᵇ אמר … כי שַׁפְכִיתוּ וכ׳ R. said to the laborers engaged in filling, when you pour wine (from vessel to vessel) let no gentile come near to help you &c. Y. Sabb. XX, end, 17ᵈ שְׁפוֹךְ, v. צְנִינִים; a. fr. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּפֵּיךְ, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּפֵיךְ to be poured out. Targ. I Kings XIII, 3. Targ. Ps. LXXIX, 10; a. fr.—B. Mets. 26ᵃ אִשְׁתַּפּוּבֵי אִישְׁתַּפּוּךְ the things in the wall were washed down; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁפְכָא (preced.) spout, gutter. — Pl. שָׁפְכֵי. B. Bath. 3ᵇ he did not remove his bed from the building עד דתקין ליה ש׳ Ms. M. (ed. עד דמתקן … שְׁפִיכֵי) until he provided its spouts (until it was entirely finished; Ar. ed. Koh. שְׁפוֹכָא, oth. ed. שְׁפוֹכָאֵי). Ib. 6ᵃ, v. נְטַף. ↗ expanded

שָׁפְכָה preced.) urinary canal; כרות ש׳ one whose canal is mutilated. Yeb. VIII, 2, v. כָּרַת. Y. ib. 9ᵇ top. Bab. ib. 75ᵇ ש׳ כתיב במקום ששופך it says shofkhah (Deut. XXIII, 2) in the place where one pours out (discharges fluid); a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁפְכוֹנִי (preced.) [pourer,] name of a species of olives, rich olive. Peah VII, 1 (Y. ed. שפכני; Ms. M. שסמני, corr. acc.), expl. Y. ib. 20ᵃ top ש׳ שהוא עושה שמן הרבה chifkhoni, which yields much oil. ↗ expanded

שִׁפְכוּתָא (preced. wds.) gutter, slope. Targ. Y. Num. XXI, 15 (v. שָׁפוֹךְ). Targ. Y. Deut. III, 17 (ed. Vien. שַׁ׳). ↗ expanded

שִׁפְכֹנִי , v. שִׁפְכוֹנִי ↗ expanded

שָׁפֵל 1 to be low. Hif. הִשְׁפִּיל to lower, humble. Erub. 13ᵇ המַשְׁפִּיל עצמו; הקב"ה מַשְׁפִּילוֹ, v. גָּבַהּ; Ned. 55ᵃ. Pesik. R. s. 10 (ref. to Is. II, 9) אימתי שחו ונִשְׁפָּלוּ … הִשְׁפִּילָם הקב"ה when did they sink and were lowered? When they committed that deed (worshipped the golden calf), the Lord lowered them. Arakh. 15ᵇ יַשְׁפִּיל דעתו let him humble his mind (think of his shortcomings). M. Kat. 16ᵇ (play on תׄחׄכׄמׄנׄיׄ, II Sam. XXIII, 8) הואיל והִשְׁפַּלְתָּ עצמך תׄהׄא כׄמׄוׄנׄיׄ because thou didst lower thyself, thou shalt be like myself; a. fr. Nif. נִשְׁפַּל to be lowered. Pesik. R. l. c., v. supra. Hof. הוּשְׁפַּל, הָשְׁפַּל same. Pesik. Ki Thissa, p. 11ᵇ (ref. to Is. II, 9) יודע … והָשְׁפַּלְתִּי אני והם וכ׳ I know that Israel bowed to the golden calf, and I and they have been lowered, but wilt thou not raise (forgive) them?; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 4 והשפלתי אותי and I myself have been lowered; Yalk. Is. 260 והוּשְׁפַּלְתִּי. Tanḥ. l. c. 5 (ref. to Ps. LXXV, 8) בלשון זה הו׳ וכ׳ for the word zeh (Ex. XXXII, 24) was he (Aaron) lowered, v. גָּבַהּ; בלשון זה הוּשְׁפָּלוּ וכ׳ through zeh (ib. 23) were they lowered, and with zeh (ib. XXX, 13) have they been raised; Lev. R. s. 8; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּפֵּל, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּפֵּל [to let one’s self drop,] to be humble, gentle. Lev. R. s. 19 (ref. to שפלות ידים, Koh. X, 18) ע"י שנִשְׁתַּפְּלוּ ישראל מלחנות וכ׳ because the Israelites were too gentle to encamp (before Sinai) in discord &c. to be lazy, indolent. Ib. ע"י … מִשְׁתַּפֵּל מלקנח וכ׳ (not לקנח) because that man is too careless to wipe his body properly, he gets scabs. Ib. ע"י … מִשְׁתַּפֶּלֶת וכ׳ because that woman is too indolent to examine her body properly &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁפַל , to fall down, go down. B. Kam. 92ᵇ; Meg. 14ᵇ (prov.) שפיל ואזיל בר אווזא וכ׳ the duck bends its head down in walking, and its eyes look all around (it follows two pursuits at the same time, v. פִּלְכָא). Snh. 7ᵃ ודיקולא שָׁפֵיל, v. דִּיקוּלָא. Ber. 10ᵃ שְׁפִיל לסיפיה דקרא go to the end of the verse (in order to understand the whole of it); a. fr. Af. אַשְׁפֵּל to lower. Targ. Y. II, Lev. X, 20. Targ. Prov. XXV, 7. Ib. XXIX, 23; a. fr. to carry down, carry along. Yeb. 121ᵃ גלי אַשְׁפְּלוּ the waves may have carried (and landed him). Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּפֵּל to humble one’s self. Targ. I Sam. II, 36. ↗ expanded

שָׁפָל preced.) low, humble. Num. R. s. 4²⁰ ואל … ש׳ בעיני וכ׳ say not that I was low in the eyes of others, and was not despised in my own eyes. Taan. 16ᵃ; Snh. 88ᵇ, a. e. שְׁפַל ברך low of knee, polite. Y. ib. I, 19ᶜ נפש ש׳ a humble soul, humility; Ab. V, 19 נפש ש׳ contented, opp. רחבה. Ib. IV, 10 הוי שְׁ׳ רוח בפני וכ׳ be humble before every man. Snh. 43ᵇ מי שדעתו ש׳ מעלה וכ׳ to him whose mind is lowly the Lord accounts it as if he had offered all kinds of sacrifices. Sot. 5ᵃ ואין … את הש׳, v. גָּבוֹהַּ. Ib. אבל … ורואה את הש׳ but not so the Lord, he is high and looks at the low; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁפָלִים, שְׁפָלִין; שְׁפָלוֹת. Ib. 47ᵇ, v. גָּבַהּ; a. e. (v. שָׁפֵל, Hithpa.) [letting the hands sink,] indolent, negligent, opp. זָרִיז. Tosef. Yeb. IV, 8; Pes. 50ᵇ יש ש׳ וכ׳ sometimes one is lazy and profits, and sometimes one is lazy and loses.—Pl. as ab. Ib. 89ᵃ; Ned. 36ᵃ; Gitt. 25ᵃ ↗ expanded

שְׁפַל 2 , lowly. Targ. Prov. XVI, 19. ↗ expanded

שָׁפֵל II (or שׁפֶל) m., v. next w. ↗ expanded

שְׁפֵלָה preced. wds.) lowland. Shebi. IX, 2 וביהודה ההר הש׳ וכ׳ in Judæa, (the three districts are) the highland, the lowland, and the valley; ושְׁפֵלַת לוד כשפלת הדרום and the lowland of Lydda is (with reference to Sabbatical year laws) like the lowland of Darom (South). Tosef. ib. VII, 10; Y. ib. IX, 38ᵈ bot. שָׁפֵל ושְׁפֵלָתוֹ (not שפלה), v. עֵמֶק. Ib. מאמאוס עד לוד ש׳ from Emmaus to Lydda is the plain (of Judæa). Ib. לש׳ וכ׳ (סימן) the presence of sycamores indicates lowland; Pes. 53ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁפָלָה , v. שָׁפָל ↗ expanded

שִׁפְלוּת (preced. wds.) (b. h.) ידים lassitude, v. שָׁפֵל I. I. humility, humiliation. Num. R. s. 4²⁰ אם לפני … צריך אדם לנהוג ש׳ בעצמו וכ׳ if a man must conduct himself humbly before a king of flesh and blood, how much more must he do so before the Lord? Ib. end היה נוהג בש׳ וכ׳ he lived humbly before the Lord. Sot. 48ᵃ bot. (ref. to Is. V, 15) שגורמין ש׳ לשונאיו של הקב"ה (not לשונאי) they cause humiliation to the enemies of the Lord (euphem. for: to God); ש׳ של ישראל the humiliation of Israel; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁפְלוּתָא , lassitude. Targ. Jer. XLIX, 24 (h. text רטט). ↗ expanded

שְׁפֶלְתָּא f. = h. שְׁפֵלָה. Targ. Deut. I, 7. Targ. Jer. XXXII, 44; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׂפָם v. שָׂפָה) upper lip. Cant. R. to I, 7 על שְׂפָמוֹ, v. עָטָה. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XVII, end היה שפמו מכוסה וכ׳ if his upper lip was covered, they knew that he was a mourner; לא היה שפמו וכ׳ if his upper lip was not covered, they knew that he was excommunicated; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׂפָם ² same. Targ. Lev. XIII, 45 (O. ed. Berl. סְ׳). Targ. II Sam. XIX, 25 שִׂיפְמֵיה ed. Lag. (oth. ed. סִ׳). Targ. Ez. XXIV, 17; 22. Targ. Mic. III, 7.—Pl. שִׁפְמֵי, שִׂי׳, סִ׳. Sabb. 129ᵇ מאה ש׳ (Ms. O. וש׳ only; Ms. M. מאה ס׳), v. קַרְנָא I. Ib. האידנא יומא דש׳ הוא to-day is a day of lip-shaving, i.e. a day spent without profit. border. Targ. Y. I Ex. XXVIII, 32 (Y. II ספווא).—[Targ. Y. Num. XXX, 13 שפמהא, read: שִׂפְתָהָא.] ↗ expanded

שפן , a word in an incantation against thirst. Pes. 112ᵃ ↗ expanded

שָׁפָן cony, (rock-badger). Midr. Prov. to XXX, 26 זה מדי כשם שהש׳ יש בו וכ׳ ‘the conies &c.’, this refers to Media, as the cony has the symptoms of cleanness (being a ruminant) and also those of uncleanness &c.; Lev. R. s. 13; Yalk. Prov. 964. ↗ expanded

שַׁפְנִינָא (cmp. preced.) turtle-dove. Targ. Lev. XII, 6. Targ. Gen. XV, 9 (Y. II שׁוֹפְנִין). Targ. Ps. LXXXIV, 4 (h. text דרור); a. e.—Pesik. ʿĂniya, p. 137ᵃ, v. צוֹצְלָא.—Pl. שַׁפְנִינִין, שַׁפְנִינַיָּא. Targ. Lev. V, 7. Ib. XIV, 30; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁפַע (cmp. שָׁפָה II) to be smooth. Gen. R. s. 14 קורה שׁוֹפַעַת a smooth-trimmed trunk (of a palm-tree, v. שִׁפְעָה I). to incline, slide. Neg. X, 10 השׁוֹפֵעַ וכ׳, v. גַּבַּחַת; Sifra Thazr. Par. 5, ch. X. Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. VI, 15 תנור ששפתיו שׁוֹפְעוֹת לתוכו (not ששפתות) a stove the rims of which incline towards the inside; שפתיו שופעות לאחוריו if its rims incline towards its outer walls. Ohol. VII, 2 אהל שהוא שופע וכ׳ a tent the top of which goes slanting down, so that the flat roof is only of the size of a finger; a. e. to pour out, run, discharge. Yalk. Lev. 554 כל זמן ששופע לתוכה וכ׳ as long as it (the spring) discharges its overflow into the garden, the vegetables get black (dark green) &c. Nidd. IX, 8 (among the symptoms of approaching menstruation) ושׁוֹפַעַת and she discharges, expl. ib. 63ᵇ top. Bekh. III, 1 בהמה גסה ששָׁפְעָה וכ׳ a large domestic animal that discharged a clod of blood; a. e.—[Y. Hor. I, 46ᵃ top עד שישפע, read: שישמע, v. שָׁמַע.] Hif. הִשְׁפִּיעַ to make slanting. Erub. 43ᵇ משְׁפִּיעַ ועולה משפיע ויורד (not משפיעו) let him make the wall slanting (from the centre) upwards and downwards (so that it should cast no shade). to pour abundantly; to sell in large quantities; trnsf. to give in abundance. Dem. II, 4 כל המַשְׁפִּיעִים במדה גסה (Y. ed. המשופעים, corr. acc.) all wholesale dealers; אלו הן המַשְׁפִּיעִין וכ׳ these are considered wholesale dealers &c., v. סִיטוֹן. Ber. 32ᵃ (ref. to ודי זהב, Deut. I, 1) בשביל … וזהב שהִשְׁפַּעְתָּ להם וכ׳ on account of the silver and gold which thou didst pour upon them, until they said, enough!—this was why they made the golden calf; (Yoma 86ᵇ שהרבית). Snh. 108ᵃ דור … בשביל טובה שה׳ וכ׳ the generation of the flood became overbearing only on account of the wealth that the Lord bestowed upon them. Ib. בטובה שהִשְׁפַּעְתִּי וכ׳ with the very blessing that I bestowed upon them, do they provoke me to anger; a. fr. to give overmeasure. Tosef. B. Bath. V, 3 מקום שנהגו להַשְׁפִּיעַ משפיע וכ׳ where it is customary to give overmeasure, you must pour as much as is required: as long as the back and the bottom rim of the vessel are not wetted; a. e.—Part. pass. מוּשְׁפָּע, v. infra. Pi. שִׁפֵּעַ to make slanting. Part. pass. מְשׁוּפָּע; f. מְשׁוּפַּעַת; pl. מְשׁופָּעִים, מְשׁוּפָּעִין; מְשׁוּפָּעוֹת. Sabb. 5ᵃ כותל מש׳ a slanting wall. Y. Ned. V, beg. 39ᵃ היה המקום מש׳ וכ׳ if the place in his court is sloping …, the neighbor may protest (against washing being done in it), for he may say, thou pourest out, and it comes to my ground; a. e.—[Yalk. Lev. 571 דרך משופע, v. מְשׁוּפָּשׁ.] to cause to flow. Lam. R. to IV, 15 מהו ושפח וש׳ וכ׳ what is v’sippaḥ (Is. III, 17)? It means v’shippʿa (he caused them to discharge blood), in order that the holy seed be not mixed up &c.—Part. pass. as ab. abundant, eloquent, verbose. Midr. Till. to Ps. I, 5 ed. Bub. (ref. to Prov. XV, 7ᵇ) אלו המש׳ וכ׳ this refers to those who are extremely fluent, but in whom there is not the sap of the Law; Yalk. Prov. 953 המוּשְׁפָּעִים. Pu. שׁוּפַּע to be made slanting; part. מְשׁוּפָּע, v. supra. to be poured. Gen. R. s. 69 end; Yalk. ib. 120, v. פַּךְ. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּפֵּעַ to slant. Y. Erub. X, 26ᵇ bot. במִשְׁתַּפֵּעַ עשרה וכ׳ when the wall slants at the grade of ten hand-breadths to three. ↗ expanded

שְׁפַע to flow, run, overflow. Targ. Prov. III, 10. Ib. V, 16; a. e.—Nidd. 63ᵃ שופעת הא שָׁפְעָה ואזלה the Mishnah says, ‘she discharges;’ but does she not continue to discharge (how can this be a premonitory symptom)? to slant, hang down. Targ. Y. Ex. XXVI, 12 (Levy quotes תַּשְׁפַּע Af.). Af. אַשְׁפַּע to make slanting, let hang down, v. supra. to pour, give in abundance. Lev. R. s. 27 אן דאת יהיב את מַשְׁפַּע where thou givest, thou givest plentifully; Gen. R. s. 33 הן דיהבת אַשְׁפַּעַת (not אשפע); Yalk. Ps. 727; Tanḥ. Emor 6; Pesik. Shor, p. 74ᵃ מַשְׁפִּיעַ. Pa. שַׁפַּע to incline, make slanting, let hang down. Part. pass. מְשַׁפַּע. Targ. Y. Ex. XXVI, 13 (some ed. מְשֻׁפַּע Hebraism).—Sot. 22ᵇ, v. מְדוֹכְיָא. B. Mets. 26ᵃ דמש׳ בחד גיסא when the wall is slanting on one side. ↗ expanded

שֶׁפַע preced.) overflow, esp. overmeasure, customary addition. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXVIII, 50 כל מכה … דבר ש׳ עליהן to every plague that came upon them, pestilence came as an addition (in the bargain); ed. Bub., a. Yalk. Ps. 820 שָׁפָה. ↗ expanded

שִׁפְעָא constr. שְׁפַע, same, overflow. Targ. Is. XLVIII, 18; LIX, 19; LXVI, 12. ↗ expanded

שִׁפְעָה 1 (שָׁפַע I) smoothing, planing.—שִׁפְעַת קורה smooth-trimmed trunk (of a palm tree). Gen. R. s. 41, beg. ש׳ קורות להקרות וכ׳ the planed trunks (of the palm tree) are used for ceiling the house; Num. R. s. 3, beg.; Yalk. Ps. 845 ש׳ קוֹרֶיהָ. Koh. R. to III, 11 ש׳ קורייס (read קוֹרָה), v. שָׁפַע. ↗ expanded

שִׁפְעָה 2 שפע to crush, stamp, stamping, trot, marching troop. Sot. VIII, 1; Sifré Deut. 192; Yalk. ib. 923, v. קַלְגָּס. ↗ expanded

שָׁפַף (v. שׁוּף II, a. שָׁפָה I) to crush, rub. —Part. pass. שָׁפוּף; f. שְׁפוּפָה; pl. שְׁפוּפִים, שְׁפוּפִין; שְׁפוּפוֹת a) rubbed, rubbing. Gen. R. s. 65 היו רגליהם ש׳ בארץ their feet (which were hanging down) rubbed against the ground; (Y. Peah VII, 20ᵇ top נוגעות).—b) crushed, weak, nimble. Gen. R. s. 22 the evil inclination דומה ללסטיס ש׳ וכ׳ is like an enfeebled robber sitting on the cross-road &c.; Yalk. ib. 36; Yalk. Ps. 840. Gen. R. s. 25, end בני אדם ש׳ weak people, opp. גבורים; Ruth R. to I, 1. Gen. R. s. 53 עכשיו … לא ש׳ וכ׳ now what is his gift (the child born to him)? is it not puny? I put my finger &c. (v. פְּחַשׁ); Yalk. Deut. 810 מתנתיה … שְׁפִיפָה (Chald.). Gen. R. s. 60 דווין וש׳ ed., v. שָׁפָה I; a. fr. Pilp. שִׁפְשֵׁף to rub, polish, brush off. Y. Sabb. IV, end, 7ᵃ עד שיְשַׁפְשֵׁף until he rubs (the stones, to wipe off the dirt); Bab. Sabb. 125ᵇ צאו ושׁפְשְׁפוּם go out and rub them. Y. Ter. I, beg. 40ᵃ במְשַׁפְשֵׁף בהן במים when he scours them with water. Yoma 30ᵃ לשַׁפְשִׁף to wipe off (squirtings). Mikv. IX, 2 אלא אם כן ש׳ unless he has rubbed the soot off. Tosef. Dem. I, 18 משפשף he may rub him (with oil). Y. Ber. IX, 14ᶜ top עד ששִׁיפְשֵׁף before rubbing (the rectum), v. מִשְׁמֵשׁ; a. fr. Nif. נָשַׁף, נִישָּׁף to be crushed. B. Kam. 28ᵇ ונשוף באבן (Ms. F. ונושף read: ונישף), v. שׁוּף II. ↗ expanded

שְׁפַף (interch. with שׁוּף). Targ. Ex. XXXII, 20 ושַׁף (h. text ויטחן); Targ. Cant. I, 14. Targ. Ps. LXXII, 4 יִשּׁוּף (h. text ידכא). Ib. LXXXIX, 24 (h. text כתותי); a. e. Palp. שַׁפְשֵׁף to rub against, let glide down. Sabb. 154ᵇ דקא מְשַׁפְשֵׁף, v. פַּשְׁפֵּשׁ II. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּפֵּף to be crushed. Targ. Job V, 4 יִשְׁתּפְּפוּן (incorr. ישתתפון; h. text ידכאו). Ib. XXX, 8, v. שׁוּף II ch. ↗ expanded

שָׁפַץ , Pi. שִׁפֵּץ (v. next w.) to repair. Keth. 103ᵃ שִׁיפְּצָה מאי if she repaired the house, how is it?; v. שִׁיפּוּצָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁפַץ , Pa. שַׁפֵּיץ (Shaf. of פצץ) [to undo a breach (cmp. דִּשֵּׁן to remove the ashes),] to repair. Targ. II Chr. XI, 11 וש׳ ותקיף (h. text ויחזק). Ib. 23 ובנא וש׳ קרוין ומני וכ׳ (h. text ויבן ויפרץ, to which Targ. supplies ויפקד) he built and fortified cities, and appointed &c.—Meg. 4ᵃ אתא אסא שַׁפְּצִינְהוּ Ar. a. Rashi (ed. שפצנהי, corr. acc.) Asa came and restored their fortifications. Yeb. 63ᵃ טום ולא תְשַׁפֵּיץ שַׁפֵּיץ וכ׳ fill up (a hole in time), that thou need not repair, repair, that thou need not build. ↗ expanded

שָׂפַק , v. סָפַק, סְפַק. ↗ expanded

שפקין , Tosef. Makhsh. I, 2, read: שעִקְּרָן (v. R. S. to Makhsh. I, 4). ↗ expanded

שָׁפַר (b. h.) to be smooth, rounded; to be pleasing, good, cheerful. Ex. R. s. 1 (play on שִׁפְרָה) ששָׁפְרוּ מעשיה וכ׳ her deeds were pleasing before God. Pi. שִׁפֵּר to cleanse, make pleasing; to conciliate, harmonize. Sot. 11ᵇ; Ex. R. l. c. the Lord sent an angel from on high ומנקה אותם ומְשַׁפֵּר אותם … שׁמְשַׁפֶּרֶת וכ׳ (not ומשפיר) who cleansed them and made them good-looking, like a midwife that cleanses an infant. Ib. שהיתה משפרת על וכ׳ she smoothed over her daughter’s words, and pacified (the king) for her. Gen. R. s. 98 (ref. to אמרי שפר, Gen. XLIX, 21) אמרי שופר שהן משַׁפְּרִין אמרין וכ׳ words of the Shofar, for they harmonize the words that were given with sounding the Shofar &c. (the Torah). Ib. ורץ … ושי׳ על ידו (not ידן) Naphtali ran like a hind and brought the document (of the purchase of the cave of Machpelah) from Egypt, and through it he pacified (the Hittites). Gen. R. s. 99, end (ref. to Gen. l. c.) [read:] והם מכבדין … ומשפרין דבריהם they offer kings their fruits and speak pleasing words; Tanḥ. Vayḥi 13 ומשמירין (corr. acc.). Lev. R. s. 29 (ref. to Ps. LXXXI, 4 שופר) בחדש הזה שַׁפְּרוּ מעשיכם in this month (Tishri) cleanse your deeds; אם שִׁפַּרְתֶּם וכ׳ if you cleanse your deeds, I will &c.; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁפַּר to be made neat-looking, be adorned. Y. Sabb. X, end, 12ᵈ העושה … לִישָּׁפֵר who makes a strap (for an animal) … to be adorned with it; Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. IV, 13 לשַׁפֵּר (Pi.). ↗ expanded

שְׁפַר Targ. Gen. XXXIV, 18. Targ. Ps. LXIX, 32. Targ. Esth. I, 10; a. fr.—Snh. 11ᵇ ושַׁפְרָא מילתא באנפיי וכ׳ and the thing was pleasing in my sight and &c.; Y. ib. I, 18ᵈ top; Y. Maas. Sh. V, 56ᶜ top. Ker. 5ᵇ אי שמין וש׳ וכ׳ if it (the cock) gets fat and well-looking, he may know that he will succeed; a. e. Af. אַשְׁפַּר to cleanse, make handsome, pleasant. Targ. Y. Gen. IX, 27 (h. text יפת). Targ. Prov. XV, 2. Ib. XVII, 22 (Ms. מְשַׁפֵּיר Pa.); a. e.—Y. Maasr. I, 49ᵃ bot. יַשְׁפַּר אפוי וכ׳, v. כַּרְיָא I. Y. Taan. I, 64ᵇ bot. מַשְׁפַּר תייטרון cleaning the theatre; a. e. Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּפַר to make one’s self fair, adorn one’s self. Targ. Jer. II, 33. ↗ expanded

שֶׁפֶר preced.) beauty, splendor, pleasantness. Num. R. s. 14¹¹ בירכו באמרי ש׳ … שְׁפָרִים he blessed him with speeches of beauty, for his words were pleasing. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVI, 6 שכרן של מצות שְׁפָרוֹ עלי (not מצוה) (naḥălath means) the reward of good deeds; its splendor rests on me; a. e. ↗ expanded

שֶׁפֶר ² ; constr. שְׁפַר, the best of, choice of. Targ. Y. Gen. XLVII, 6 בית שְׁ׳ ארעא (O. בדשַׁפִּיר בא׳). Targ. Deut. XII, 11; a. fr.—שְׁ׳ ארג, v. אָרָג.—B. Mets. 14ᵃ שבח ש׳ וכ׳, v. שִׁעְבּוּד.—שְׁ׳ נונא, v. נוּן. ↗ expanded

שָׁפָר (preced. wds.) beautiful, pleasing. — Pl. שְׁפָרִים. Num. R. s. 14¹¹, v. שׁפֶר. ↗ expanded

שִׁפְרְגָז , v. שִׁיפְרְגָז ↗ expanded

שְׁפַרְנוּנָא , v. נוּן ↗ expanded

שְׁפַרְעַם Sh’farʿam (ShefaʿAmr, Neub. Géogr. p. 199), north-west of Sepphoris, near Usha. R. Hash. 31ᵇ (seat of the Sanhedrin). Ab. Zar. 8ᵇ. Tosef. Mikv. VI, 2. ↗ expanded

שְׁפַרְפָּרָא (שְׁפַר) brightness; (cmp. צַפְרָא) early morning, morning light. Targ. Esth. X, 3. Targ. Job III, 3 (h. text נהרה). Ib. VII, 4 (h. text נשף). Targ. Is. LVIII, 8 (h. text שחר). Ib. LXII, 1 (h. text נגה); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁפִּרְתָּא , v. שַׁפִּיר ↗ expanded

שפש , part. Pu. מְשׁוּפָּשׁ, v. מְשׁוּפָּשׁ. ↗ expanded

שִׁפְשֵׁף , v. שָׁפַף, שְׁפַף. ↗ expanded

שַׁפְשָׁף (v. שׁוּף II) paste, a small board on the hunter’s rod smeared over with glue. Sabb. VIII, 4 (78ᵇ) דבק כדי ליתן בראש הש׳ Bab. ed. (Mish. a. Y. ed. השַׁבְשֶׁבֶת); expl. ib. 80ᵃ כדי ליתן בראש ש׳ שבראש קנה וכ׳ (Ms. M. a. O. שבשבת; Alf. Ms. שַׁפְשֶׁפֶת; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 3) as much glue as is required to put on the top of the ‘paste board’ which is on the fowlers’ reed. ↗ expanded

שַׁפְשֶׁפֶת f., v. preced. ↗ expanded

שָׁפַת (b. h.) to place, pile, esp. to place the cooking vessel over or by the fire. Y. Sabb. I, end, 4ᵇ השׁוֹפֵת את הקדירה וכ׳ if one sets a pot over coals (on the Sabbath), we must warn him &c. Bets. IV, 5 לִשְׁפּוֹת וכ׳ to place a pot on them, v. נָקַף I. Ḥull. 84ᵃ מאה מנה יִשְׁפְּתוּ וכ׳ if one possesses one hundred Maneh, he may have a pot put on the stove every day. Sot. 11ᵇ שׁוֹפְתוֹת שתי וכ׳ they put on two pots, one for hot water, and one with fish; Ex. R. s. 1. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXII, 16 הייתי דומה … שׁוֹפְתִין עליה (not שופכין) I was like a stove situate between two roads, on which the travellers do their cooking; ed. Bub. ש׳ קרירותיהן עליה; Yalk. ib. 687; a. fr.—[Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 1 שפת הימנה, v. שָׁפָה I.] ↗ expanded

שִׂפְתָא = סִיפְתָא, border, lip. Targ. O. Ex. XXVI, 4; a. fr., v. סִיפְתָא.—Yeb. 75ᵇ ואימא משִׂפְתֵיה may I not say, it refers to his lip?; a. e. ↗ expanded

שפתה , Tanḥ. R’eh 5 והושיבוהו על ש׳, quid? ↗ expanded

שְׂפָתוֹת , v. שָׂפָה ↗ expanded

שְׁפַתַּיִם du. (b. h.; שָׁפַת, cmp. אַשְׁפֹּת) border-mounds (between which is the balk). Sot. 11ᵇ ונזקקות להן בין ש׳ and they had intercourse with them between the mounds in the field; Ex. R. s. 1. Yalk. Zech. 574 (ref. to Ps. LXVIII, 14) תשכבון בין ש׳ יהודה ועבר הירדן you shall lie (in peace) between the borders: Judah and the shore of the Jordan. ↗ expanded

שֵׁץ , v. שֵיץ ↗ expanded

שֵׁצָא , v. sub שֵׁיצ׳. ↗ expanded

שֶׁצֶת Shetseth, a Phœnician border town. Y. Dem. II, 22ᵈ top; Tosef. Shebi. IV, 9 שֶׁנֶץ. ↗ expanded

שֹׁק , v. שׁוֹק ↗ expanded

שַׂק (b. h.) sack, sackcloth. Sifra Sh’mini, Par. 6, ch. VIII (ref. to Lev. XI, 32) מה שק מיוחד וכ׳ as sack, which is specified, is something spun and woven &c.; Sabb. 64ᵃ. Sifra l. c. אין לי אלא שק העשוי וכ׳ I may think that only sackcloth made of goats’ hair is meant. Succ. 20ᵇ; Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. IV, 14 של שק a mat made of sackcloth. Snh. 101ᵃ התורה חוגרת שק וכ׳ the Torah, girt with sackcloth, stands before the Lord &c.; a. fr.—Pl. שַׂקִּים, שַׂקִּין. Sabb. 62ᵃ, v. סַק II; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׂק ² ch., v. סַק, סַקָּא. ↗ expanded

שָׁקָא = h. שׁוֹק, joint, leg. Targ. Ex. XXIX, 22; 27 (O. ed. Berl. שָׁ׳; oth. eds. a. Y. שׁוֹ׳ a. שֹׁקָא). Targ. Lev. VII, 32, sq. (Y. ed. Vien. שַׁקָּא); a. fr.—Pl. שָׁקִין, שָׁקַיָּא, שָׁקֵי, שׁוֹ׳, שַׁקּ׳. Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 35; Y. ed. Vien. שַׁקְיָיא (read: שַׁקַּיָּיא; Ms. שַׁקְיָין). Targ. Ps. CXLVII, 10 שׁוֹקֵי (constr.).—Y. Shek. V, 49ᵃ bot. חמון ש׳ look at the legs (of Moses, how fat); Y. Bicc. III, 65ᶜ bot. חזי שקי (ed. Krot. שָׁאקֵי). Lev. R. s. 34 חמי שקיין look at the (poor man’s) legs; Yalk. ib. 665 שקין; Koh. R. to V, 13. Ḥull. 63ᵃ אריכי שקי those with long legs, v. שְׁקִיטְנָא; a. e.—[Targ. II Sam. XXII, 43 שׁוֹקִין, some ed. שקין, read: שׁוּקִין]. shaft. Gitt. 55ᵇ; 57ᵃ, v. דִּיסְפַּק. ↗ expanded

שְׁקָא = שְׁקַע to sink, break down. Kidd. 81ᵇ ש׳ ומית he sank and died (feigned a sinking spell and death). Lev. R. s. 17 ש׳ ביתא some ed., v. שְׁקַע. ↗ expanded

שָׂקַד Nif.; cmp. next w.) to bend, twist, plait. —Part. pass. שָׂקוּד; f. שְׂקוּדָה (cmp. שְׁבֶשְׁתָּא) confused, mistaken. Lam. R. to I, 14 (ref. to נשקד, ib.) ש׳ הייתי מעונותי וכ׳ I was in error as to my sins, I thought that he would forgive me all my sins, when I heard that my verdict was torn up. ↗ expanded

שָׁקַד (b. h; v. קדד) [to bend, be bent; trnsf.] to be bent upon, be intent, studious, anxious; to watch. Lam. R. to I, 14 (ref. to נשקד, v. preced.) שי"ן כתיב ש׳ הקב"ה וכ׳ it is written with Shin, the Lord considered well how to bring the evil upon me (so as not to consume me). Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIX, 9 ששׁוֹקְדִים וכ׳, v. שָׁחַר I. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᵈ אני שׁוֹקֵד והן שׁוֹקְרִין I am industrious (rise early), and so are they; (Bab. ib. 28ᵇ משכים … משכימים). Tosef. ib. VII (VI), 2 כמה אומניות שׁוֹקְדוֹת משכימות וכ׳ how many trades (tradesmen) are anxious, rise early (to sell their goods), and I rise and find all these &c.; Bab. Ber. 58ᵃ כל אומניות שוקדות ובאות וכ׳ (not אומות) all trades are anxious and come to the door of my house &c. Keth. 2ᵃ; 3ᵇ שָׁקְדוּ … על בנות וכ׳ the scholars were considerate towards the daughters of Israel (in ordaining weddings to be held on the fourth day of the week), in order that a man may make preparations &c. Ib. 3ᵃ bot. הא בעינן שקדו but (how may weddings take place any day of the week?) must we not consider shaḳ’du (the scholars’ institution for the honor of woman)?; a. e.—Part. pass. שָׁקוּד anxious, industrious, conscientious. Ab. II, 14 הוי ש׳ ללמוד וכ׳ be anxious to learn the Law. Keth. 43ᵇ ש׳ אמרה the industrious scholar said it; ש׳ מנו שמואל who is meant by shaḳud? Samuel. Y. Ned. VIII, 40ᵈ bot. ולא עמד שׁוֹקֵד וכ׳ and no conscientious student arose, until (R.) Jeremiah arose; Y. Kidd. III, 64ᶜ top שָׁקֵד. ↗ expanded

שְׁקַד , to watch, be anxious, careful. Targ. Ps. CII, 8. Targ. Prov. VIII, 34. Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּקֵיד to be anxious, wait for an opportunity. Snh. 14ᵃ הוה קא מִשְׁתְּקֵיד ר׳ וכ׳ (Ms. M. מִשְׁתְּקַד) R. J. was anxious to ordain them; Yalk. Sam. 96. ↗ expanded

שָׁקֵד 1 industrious, anxious, v. שָׁקַד. ↗ expanded

שָׁקֵד 2 (b. h.) almond-tree, almond. Gen. R. s. 42. Koh. R. to XII, 7 (ref. to Jer. I, 11) מה הש׳ הזה משעה וכ׳ as the almond-tree takes twenty-one days from the time it blossoms to mature its fruit &c.; Lam. R. introd. (R. Josh. 2); a. fr.—Pl. שְׁקֵדִים, שְׁקֵדִין, שְׁקֵי׳. Maasr. I, 4 ש׳ המרים bitter almonds. Y. Orl. III, 63ᵇ top שְׁקֵידֵי פרך soft-shell almonds (v. פֶּרֶךְ); a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁקְדָּן (שָׁקַד) watchful, industrious, scrupulous student. — Pl. שַׁקְדָּנִים, שַׁקְדָּנִין. Sot. IX, 15 משמת … בטלו הש׳ with the death of B. A. the careful students ceased; Tosef. ib. XV, 4; Y. ib. IX, end, 24ᶜ; Y. Ned. VIII, 40ᵈ bot.; Y. Kidd. III, 64ᶜ top. ↗ expanded

שָׁקָה , v. שקי ↗ expanded

שָׁקוּט (שקט, Shaf. of קט; cmp. קטט, קוט) [cut short,] stubby, abnormally short. Ned. 66ᵇ שמא … ש׳ הוא is her neck graceful? It is too short. Tosef. Bekh. V, 1 צוארו שמוט וש׳ whose neck is abnormally long or abnormally short; Bekh. 43ᵇ, expl. דחביא מיחבא, v. חֲבֵי; v. שָׁמוּט. abruptly bent, angular. Ib. VII, 1 (43ᵃ) שראשו ש׳ (Mish. ed. שקוע) he whose head is angular, expl. ib.ᵇ ש׳ מלפניו shaḳuṭ refers to the front of the head (the forehead receding abruptly). ↗ expanded

שִׁקּוּיָא , v. sub שִׁיקּ׳. ↗ expanded

שָׁקוֹלָא (שְׁקַל) carrier (of wine vessels).—Pl. שְׁקוֹלָאֵי. B. Mets. 99ᵇ. Ḥull. 105ᵇ ↗ expanded

שִׁקּוּעַ , v. sub שִׁיקּ׳. ↗ expanded

שְׁקוּעָה sh’ḳu‘ah, a substitute for שְׁבוּעָה, v. כִּינּוּי. Y. Ned. I, 37ᵃ top. ↗ expanded

שְׁקוֹף (שָׁקַף I, v. מַשְׁקוֹף) cross-piece, lintel, arch, arched gateway with posts. Neg. XII, 4; Tosef. ib. VI, 5 כדי ליתן תחת הש׳ as much wood as is required to place under an arch (to keep it in shape); Ib. כדי לעשות סנדל לאחורי הש׳ as much as is required to make ‘a shoe’ (protection) back of the arch. Tosef. Ohol. VII, 10 שְׁקוֹפָהּ של מערה the arched entrance of a cave. Ib. פיה לש׳ וכ׳ [בין] אם אין if there is not the space of a handbreadth between the mouth of the pot and the lintel. Y. Snh. X, 28ᵈ bot. הגביה … את הש׳ וכ׳ the angel raised the lintel for him (Phinehas), so that both of them could be seen from between his shoulders; (Bab. ib. 82ᵇ המשקוף); Sifré Num. 131 פתח ש׳ (read: את הש׳); (Num. R. s. 20, end המשקוף; Tanḥ. Balak 21 משקוף הבית). Y. Naz. V, 56ᶜ bot. תחת מעי הש׳ (strike out מעי, a dittography from preceding clause) under the archway. Y. Nidd. II, 49ᵈ bot. standing אחר הש׳ behind the post (ready to go out); (Bab. ib. 12ᵃ; 14ᵇ בצד המשקוף); a. e.—Pl. שְׁקוֹפוֹת. Midd. II, 3 כל השערים … להן ש׳ וכ׳ all the gates that were there (on the Temple mount) had arches with posts, except the gate of T. where there were only two stones leaning one on the other. ↗ expanded

שְׁקוֹפָא door posts with arch. — Pl. שְׁקוֹפֵי. Men. 33ᵇ (Ms. R. 1, a. Rashi שקפי; Ms. R. 2 שיקמי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 9); Erub. 11ᵃ שקפי (Rashi שיקפי), v. שִׁימָּאָה. lintel, v. שַׁקְפָא. ↗ expanded

שִׁקּוּץ , v. sub שִׁיקּ׳. ↗ expanded

שְׁקוּרָה sh’ḳurah, a substitute for שְׁבוּעָה, v. כִּינּוּי. Y. Ned. I, 37ᵃ top. ↗ expanded

שָׁקוּתָא (שְׁקֵי) drinking. Targ. Esth. I, 8.—Pl. שַׁקְוָותָא (sub. בני) cup-bearers, butlers. Targ. I Kings X, 5 ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. שַׁקָיוּ׳; oth. ed. שָׁקיּ׳); Targ. II Chr. IX, 4. watering; (sub. בית) trough (v. שַׁקְיָא).—Pl. as ab. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXIX, 22 שַׁקְוָותָן; Y. I בית שַׁקְיוּתָן (read: בתי) our troughs. ↗ expanded

שָׁקַט 1 to cut off, shorten, v. שָׁקוּט. ↗ expanded

שָׁקַט 2 (b. h.) to settle, be at rest, at ease. Sabb. 88ᵃ למה שָׁקְטָה, v. יָרֵא; Ab. Zar. 3ᵃ; Yalk. Ps. 811. Yalk. Hab. 563 ש׳ העולם the world remained undisturbed; Tanḥ. ed. Bub., Sh’mini 10 שקטה הארץ; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁקִיט to be quiet, careless (cmp. שָׁלֵו). Gen. R. s. 36, beg. (ref. to Job XXXIV, 29) והוא יַשְׁקִיט מעולמו and he (the Lord) is unconcerned about his world; Lev. R. s. 5 (not בעולמו). to give rest, ease. Gitt. 31ᵇ (ref. to Job XXXVII, 17) אימתי … בשעה שה׳ וכ׳ (Rashi בשׁמַשְׁקִיט) when are thy clothes warm? When he makes the world rest from the south (when the south wind abates); Yalk. Job 922.—[Tosef. Erub. IX (VI), 26 המשקטין Var., v. קָשַׁט.] ↗ expanded

שְׁקַט Targ. Jud. XVIII, 7; 27. Targ. Ex. XXIII, 12 (h. text וינפש). Targ. Jer. XXX, 10; a. fr. Af. אַשְׁקֵיט to give rest. Targ. Is. LXII, 1. ↗ expanded

שֶׁקֶט preced.) rest, ease. Snh. VIII, 5 ש׳ לרשעים וכ׳ the ease of the wicked is bad for them and bad for the world. ↗ expanded

שְׁקֵטָא , v. שְׁקֵיטָא ↗ expanded

שִׁקְטָנָא , v. שְׁקִיטְנָא ↗ expanded

שקי [(cmp. שקע) to settle.] Hif. הִשְׁקָה cmp. שָׁתָה) to give drink; to water. M. Kat. I, 1 מַשְׁקִין בית וכ׳ you may water a field that depends on irrigation during the festive week &c. Keth. 111ᵇ ממַשְׁקֵהוּ חלב, v. שֵׁן. Cant. R. to I, 12; Num. R. s. 11³ ומשה מַשְׁקֶה and Moses gave drink (to those who were being circumcised). Eduy. V, 6 אין משקין וכ׳ we do not give the testing waters to a proselyte (v. סוֹטָה). Ib. דוגמא הִשְׁקוּהָ, v. דּוּגְמָא; Ber. 19ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שקי ² , Af. אַשְׁקֵי ch. same. Targ. Gen. XXIX, 10. Ib. XXIV, 18, sq. Ib. II, 6. Targ. Jer. I, 5; a. fr.—Sabb. 140ᵃ אַשְׁקְיָין חמרא וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. אשקיי׳, אשקיי, corr. acc.) he gave me one cup of wine to drink. B. Bath. 146ᵃ מאן לימא … ואַשְׁקֵיה who can tell that he did not grind a pearl … and give it to him to drink (in the cup)? Koh. R. to III, 2 והוה … מַשְׁקֵי לון וכ׳ and the father of the child offered them old wine; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׁקֵי , v. שָׁקְיָא ↗ expanded

שֳׁקִי (preced.) irrigation; של ש׳ (שדה) a field requiring irrigation. Tosef. Shebi. II, 4 בשל ש׳ in a field depending on irrigation, opp. של בעל. Num. R. s. 16²⁵ של שקי (not שקר), v. בַּעַל. Y. Ter. X, 47ᵇ top כרוב של ש׳ (not שקיא) cabbage from an irrigated field. Ib. bot.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁקְיָא irrigation; pool; בֵּית שַׁ׳, גִּינַת שַׁ׳ irrigated soil, garden. Targ. Gen. XIII, 10 (h. text משקה). Targ. Josh. XV, 19; Jud. I, 15 (h. text גלת). Targ. O. Num. XXIV, 6; a. e.—Targ. Is. XXXII, 20, v. infra.—Pl. שַׁקְיָין, שַׁקְיָן. Targ. Koh. II, 5.—Masc. pl. שִׁיקַיָּיא pools, canals. Targ. Is. XXXII, 20 (some ed. שִׁיקְיָיא; ed. Wil. שַׁקְיָא; ed. Lag. שקיא). Targ. Y. Ex. VIII, 1 (h. text אגמים). בֵּית שַׁ׳ or שַׁ׳ trough. Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 20 (Y. II ש׳ only; Y. I בית שַׁקְתֵי). Targ. O. ib. XXX, 38.—Pl. שַׁקְיָיתָא. Targ. Y. ib.—V. שָׁקוּתָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁקְיָא (preced. wds.) butler. Targ. O. Gen. XL, 1; 5; a. e.—B. Kam. 92ᵇ (prov.) חמרא למרא טיבותא לשָׁקְיֵיה (Ms. M. דשָׁקְיָה) the wine belongs to the owner, the credit for it is given to his butler (is the butler’s).—רַב שָׁקי chief butler. Targ. Gen. XL, 2. Targ. O. ib. 9 (Y. רב מזוגייא); a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁקֵיד , v. שָׁקֵד II ↗ expanded

שָׁקְיָה , v. שָׁקְיָא ↗ expanded

שַׁקְיוּתָא (preced. art.) drink. Targ. Ps. CII, 10. בֵּית שׁ׳ trough, v. שָׁקוּתָא. butlership. Targ. O. Gen. XL, 21. ↗ expanded

שְׁקִיזְמֵי (Shaf. of קזם = גזם; cmp. גַּרְזִימֵי) nibbles, dessert, fruit &c. Y. Ber. VI, end, 10ᵈ. ↗ expanded

שְׁקֵיטָא (שְׁקַט) at rest, at ease. Targ. Zech. I, 11 (ed. Wil. שְׁקִי׳; ed. Lag. שְׁקֵטָא). ↗ expanded

שְׁקִיטְנָא (cmp. שָׁקוּט) flamingo (from its abruptly bent beak).—Pl. שְׁקִיטְנָאֵי, שִׁיקְטְ׳. Ḥull. 63ᵃ ש׳ אריכי שקי וכ׳ Ms. M. a. Ar. (Ms. R. 1 שִׁקְטְנָאֵי; ed. sing., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) flamingos, those with long legs and red are permitted, the short-legged and red are forbidden. ↗ expanded

שָׁקְיָיא , v. שָׁקְיָא, שַׁקְיָא. ↗ expanded

שַׁקְיָינָא (שקי) drink, liquid, infusion. — Pl. שַׁקְיָינֵי, שִׁיקְ׳. Targ. Y. I Num. VI, 3.—Sabb. 78ᵃ כל ש׳ וכ׳ (Ms. M. שתייתא) all liquids (infusions of collyrium) heal &c., v. טְלַל I. Ib. 147ᵇ כולהו ש׳ מדיבחא וכ׳ all infusions (medicines) taken between Passover and Pentecost are efficacious. Ab. Zar. 28ᵇ כולהו ש׳ קשו וכ׳ (not שקיינו, Rashi שַׁקְיָינִין) all liquids are bad for the ear, except &c. ↗ expanded

שַׁקִּיעַ (שְׁקַע) depressed, having the appearance of a depression. Targ. Y. Lev. XIII, 55 צורעא ש׳ (some ed. שְׁקִ׳; h. text פחתת). ↗ expanded

שְׁקִיעָה (שָׁקַע) sinking. Ex. R. s. 15²²; Tanḥ. Ḥayé 3 דרך של ש׳ a muddy road.—שְׁקִיעַת החמה sunset. Zeb. 56ᵃ. Y. Snh. V, 22ᵈ bot. Gen. R. s. 68 כשם … בזריחתה … לראות בשְׁקִיעָתָהּ as thou hast permitted me to see the sun in its rise, so permit me to see its going down; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁקִיעַיָּא (שְׁקַע) old, forgotten titles of consfiscated property (v. סִיקָרִיקוֹן). Y. Keth. X, end, 34ᵃ [read:] קריבין … אזלון … נשין ואעלון להון נשין ש׳ וכ׳ relatives of R. J. bought fields from the family of Bar Tafḳan; then members of the family of B. T. went and married, and their wives brought them old titles (showing that the property sold had originally belonged to their family, and according to the sicaricon law the purchasers were bound to pay them one-fourth of the price paid for the property). They came to court, suing the relatives of R. José. Said R. M. to them, אנא ידע … לא הוו אילין ש׳ קדמיכון I know that when you sold those fields, you did not have those titles before you (consequently, when the sale took place, the original owners were unknown, and the sicaricon law had no application). ↗ expanded

שָׁקִיף (שָׁקַף I; cmp. כִּיפָּה) cleft.—Pl. שְׁקִיפִים, שְׁקִיפִין. Ohol. III, 7; VIII, 2 ש׳ וסלעים roofs (v. אֹהֶל) formed by clefts and overhanging rocks. ↗ expanded

שְׁקִיפָא Targ. Is. X, 26; Targ. Jud. VII, 25 (h. text צור). Ib. XV, 8; 11 (h. text סעיף).—Pl. שְׁקִיפִין. Targ. Is. II, 21 (h. text סעפי). Ib. LVII, 5. Targ. I Sam. XXIV, 3 (h. text צורי); a. e.—V. שִׁקְפָא II. ↗ expanded

שְׁקִיפַס , v. סְקִיפַס ↗ expanded

שְׁקִיקוּת (שָׁקַק) greed. Esth. R. to I, 2 (ref. to I Kings XIV, 25) Pharaoh is named שישק מפני שבא בשׁ׳ וכ׳ Shishak, because he came upon Israel with avidity, saying &c. ↗ expanded

שָׁקַל [to swing,] to weigh, balance. Gen. R. s. 4 הכנס ורחוץ ושְׁקוֹל וכ׳ go in and bathe, and weigh thyself before and after &c.; כיון שיצא וש׳ וכ׳ when he came out and weighed himself, he had lost nothing. B. Bath. V, 11 היה שׁוֹקֵל לוֹ עין בעין if he gave him exact weight, v. עַיִן. Ib. 89ᵃ לא יאמר לו שקול … אלא שוקל ליטרא וכ׳ he cannot say to him, weigh me three single fourths of a litra, but he weighs (puts in the balance) one litra, and puts one-fourth of a litra with the meat; a. fr.—Trnsf. to weigh, consider, account. Koh. R. to XII, 14 עבד שרבו שוקל וכ׳ a slave to whom his master accounts errors as wilful offenses; Ḥag. 5ᵃ. Ib. (ref. to Mal. III, 5) אוי לני שש׳ … קלות וכ׳ woe unto us to whom the Scripture accounts light offenses alike with severe crimes; Yalk. Mal. 589. Mekh. Yithro, s. 8 חביב … שש׳ כבודן וכ׳ the honoring of father and mother is precious before God, for he put their honor and the fear of them on a level with his own honor &c.; (Kidd. 30ᵇ השוה); a. e. (denom. of שֶׁקֶל) to offer the head-tax (half a Shekel). Shek. I, 4 כל כהן ששוקל וכ׳ a priest that pays the head-tax. Ib. 6 השוקל על ידי וכ׳ if one pays the head-tax for a priest, a woman, or a minor, he is exempt (from paying agio). Ned. IV, 2 (33ᵃ) את שקלו (לו)שוקל may pay the head-tax for him; a. fr.—In gen. to pay taxes. Tosef. Dem. VI, 3; 4; Y. ib. VI, end, 26ᵃ, v. אוֹצָר.—Part. pass. שָׁקוּל; f. שְׁקוּלָה; pl. שְׁקוּלִים, שְׁקוּלִין; שְׁקוּלוֹת even-balanced, of equal importance. Snh. 3ᵇ, a. fr. אין בית דין ש׳ a court must never be even-balanced, i.e. not be of even numbers, opp. נוטה; v. בַּיִת. Num. R. s. 18⁸ (ref. to Ps. XCIX, 6) שמואל שש׳ כנגד וכ׳ Samuel who is balanced against Moses and Aaron together; Ber. 31ᵇ (ref. to I Sam. I, 11, זרע אנשים) זרע שש׳ כנגד שני אנשים וכ׳ a seed (son) that will hold the balance against two men &c. Ib. 33ᵃ מזכירין … שש׳ כתחיית וכ׳ we insert ‘the power of rain’ (v. גְּבוּרָה) in the section about resurrection, because it is equal to resurrection. B. Kam. 3ᵃ ש׳ הן וכ׳ they (the two kinds of damages) are even-balanced (you cannot decide between the two), let both be included; Zeb. 4ᵇ; Naz. 58ᵇ ש׳ הוא the balance is even; Arakh. 4ᵇ. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., ch. XVII, Par. 14; Yalk. Lev. 462 (ref. to Lev. III, 4) הדבר ש׳ יטול וכ׳ it may be understood either way, he should take that part of the midriff which is by the liver, or a portion of the liver with the midriff &c.; a. fr. Hif. הִשְׁקִיל to weigh, ponder, estimate. Gen. R. s. 59 (ref. to Hos. XII, 8) that is Eliezer, שהיה יושב ומַשְׁקִיל את בתו וכ׳ for he sat and pondered on his daughter: is she or is she not worthy?; Yalk. Hos. 528 ומְשַׁקֵּל (Pi.). ↗ expanded

שְׁקַל (cmp. נטל) to take, take away. Targ. Prov. XVII, 8. Ib. XXV, 20. Targ. II Esth. I, 16; a. fr.—[Targ. Ex. XXIII, 5 מלמשקל ed. Berl., oth. ed. למשבק, מלמשבק.]—ש׳ וטרא, v. טְרָא.—B. Mets. 40ᵃ ושָׁקְלִין וכ׳, v. שׁוּפְטָנָא. Ib. 60ᵇ דקא שָׁקֵיל מיניה וכ׳ (not שקלי) for he takes from him &c., v. נְכַת. Kidd. 12ᵇ שְׁקַלְתָּהּ ואישתיקא (not שקלתא) she accepted it and kept silence; ib. 13ᵃ שְׁקַלְתֵּיה. Ib. אין שַׁקְלִי ודידי שקלי yes, I received it, but it was mine I received. Shebu. 32ᵇ הוה משתבענא ושְׁקִילְנָא I should have been assigned an oath, and the money would have been decreed to me. Yeb. 105ᵃ; Snh. 21ᵃ, v. מִטַּרְפְּסָא. Ber. 60ᵃ ש׳ בדקא וכ׳ a freshet carried away part of his field (Ms. F. אישתקל וכ׳ a freshet was carried into his field); B. Bath. 41ᵃ, v. בִּדְקָא; a. fr.—Ber. l. c. הוה שָׁקֵיל ואזיל בתריה וכ׳ took up (his cloak) and walked behind &c.—Part. pass. שָׁקִיל; f. שְׁקִילָא; pl. שְׁקִילִין, שְׁקִילֵי; שְׁקִילָן. Sabb. 63ᵇ שקילי … שקילין וכ׳ (Ms. M. שקילין … ושקילן), v. נִיבָא I. Ib. שקילא טיבותיך (not שקולא; better: שְׁקוֹלִי וכ׳ take thy goodness), v. חִיזְרָא I; a. e. to carry. Men. 85ᵃ; Ex. R. s. 9 ירקא שְׁקוֹל, v. מָתָא; Yalk. ib. 182 שְׁקִיל. Pa. שַׁקֵּל, , Af. אַשְׁקֵל to cause to take, to give. Pes. 57ᵇ דאַשְׁקְלֵיה וכ׳ (Ms. M. דשַׁקְּלֵיה); Yalk. Lev. 469, v. מִטַּרְפְּסָא. Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּקִיל, אִשְׁתְּקַל to be taken away. Targ. I Chr. V, 2 אִשְׁתְּקִילַת (Var. אִשְׁתַּקְלַת). Ib. 1 (ed. Beck אסתלקת).—Ber. 60ᵃ, v. supra. ↗ expanded

שֶׁקֶל [weight,] Shekel, a coin; ש׳ הקדש the sacred Sh., twenty Gerah or M’ʿah, twice the weight of the common Shekel (v. סֶלַע). Bekh. VIII, 7 (49ᵇ) כולם בש׳ הק׳ all these definitions refer to the sacred Sh. Ib. 50ᵃ. B. Bath. 9ᵃ שלישית הש׳ one-third of a Sh. (Neh. X, 33); a. fr.—Esp. (מחצית הש׳, Ex. XXX, 13) the head-tax for the Temple. Ned. IV, 2 שִׁקְלוֹ, v. שָׁקַל. Shek. II, 3 הרי אלו לשִׁקְלִי these coins are designated for my contribution as head-tax; שאביא מהן לשקלי that I will offer my head-tax out of them; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁקָלִים. Ib. I, 1, v. שָׁמַע. Ib. II, 1, v. דַּרְכּוֹן. Meg. 13ᵇ גלוי … לשקול ש׳ … הקדים שִׁקְלֵיהֶן לשְׁקָלָיו וכ׳ it was known before God that Haman would, at some future day, pay Shekels for the destruction of Israel, therefore He made their Shekels (contributions to the sanctuary) to precede his Shekels, this is why we are told (Shek. I, 1), ‘on the first of Adar &c.’; a. fr.—Sh’ḳalim (Shek.), name of a treatise, of the Order of Moʿed, of Mishnah, Tosefta, and Talmud Y’rushalmi. ↗ expanded

שִׁקְמָא = next w.—Pl. שִׁקְמִין, שִׁקְמַיָּא, שִׁקְמָתָא, שִׁי׳. Targ. Am. VII, 14. Targ. I Kings X, 27. Targ. Ps. LXXVIII, 47.—Y. Dem. I, 21ᵈ top, v. שִׁקְמוֹנָה. ↗ expanded

שִׁקְמָה (b. h.) sycamore. B. Bath. II, 11 בחרוב ובש׳ חמשים אמה when planting a carob tree or a sycamore, (you must keep off from your neighbor’s well) by fifty cubits. Pes. 53ᵃ, v. שְׁפֵלָה; (Tosef. Shebi. VII, 11 pl.). Nidd. 8ᵇ, a. e. בתולת ש׳, v. בְּתוּלָה. Gen. R. s. 12 (ref. to Is. LXV, 22) כש׳ הזו שהיא וכ׳ like the sycamore that remains in the ground six hundred years; (Pesik. R. s. 1 עץ הסדן); a. fr.—ש׳(של) סדן, v. סַדָּן.—בנות ש׳, v. בַּת I.—Pl. שִׁקְמִים, שִׁקְמִין. Tosef. Shebi. VII, 11, v. supra; Y. ib. IX, 38ᵈ bot.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁקְמוֹנָה (preced.) Shiḳmonah (Sycamore Field). Dem. I, 1 רימי ש׳ (Y. ed. שיקמה); Y. ib. 21ᵈ top רימי שיקמא, v. רִים. ↗ expanded

שִׁקְמוֹנִי (preced.) of Shiḳmonah. B. Bath. 119ᵃ; Sifré Num. 114. ↗ expanded

שָׁקַע (b. h.) to be depressed, sink, go down. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᶜ bot. אם היה חותמה שׁוֹקֵעַ if the seal on it was engraven, opp. בולט; Tosef. Ab. Zar. V (VI), 2; Bab. Ab. Zar. 43ᵇ. Gen. R. s. 19 (ref. to לרוח היום, Gen. III, 8) לרוח ששׁוֹקַעַת עם היום by the (western) wind that goes down with the day. Ib. כל שהיום שוקע וכ׳ the more the day goes down, the cooler it grows. Y. Sabb. I, 3ᵈ top אחד צף ואחד שוקע וכ׳ one kind of poison floats, another settles &c. Mikv. X, 1 צלוחית שפיה שוקע a bottle the mouth of which is turned down. Men. 103ᵇ, v. Hithpa.; a. fr. to sink, let down. B. Mets. V, 7 מששְׁקָעוֹ בכבשן after he let the lime stones down into the kiln (Y. ed. משיִשְׁקַע כבשנו, or משיְשַׁקֵּעַ) when he has filled his kiln). Yalk. Koh. 966, v. שָׁלָה; a. e.—Part. pass. שָׁקוּעַ; f. שְׁקוּעָה &c. Bekh. 43ᵇ, v. חָרַם. Ex. R. s. 15²² והארץ ש׳ במים the earth was submerged in water. Sifra Thazr., Par. 5, ch. XV (ref. to פחתת, Lev. XIII, 55) שיהיו כל מראיה שְׁקוּעִין Rabad (ed. שׁוֹקְעִין) that all its colors appear lower (v. שַׁקִּיעַ; cmp. עָמוֹק); Yalk. Lev. 553 שׁוֹקְעִין; a. e.—Bekh. VII, 1 ראשו ש׳, v. שָׁקוּט. Pi. שִׁיקֵּעַ to sink, let down. Snh. VI, 4 מְשַׁקְּעִין את הקורה וכ׳ they insert the trunk (of the gallows) in the ground. Y. Shek. V, end, 49ᵇ כמה ממון שִׁיקְּעוּ אבותי כאן how much money have my ancestors sunk here (in building that synagogue)!; כמה נפשות שיקעו וכ׳ how many souls did thy ancestors sink here! were there no people to study the Law (on whom that money might have been spent)?; Y. Peah VIII, end, 21ᵇ. B. Mets. V, 7 Y. ed., v. supra; a. e.—Trnsf. toembody in a collection without regard to original wording, to edit, abridge. Y. Hor. III, 48ᶜ top; Y. Sabb. XVI, 15ᶜ הדא דאת אמר עד שלא ש׳ בו רבי רוב משניות אבל משש׳ וכ׳ what you say (that the study of the Mishnah collection is preferable) refers to the time before Rabbi had embodied and abridged most of the Mishnayoth in his edition, but since then, run at all times after the Talmud (where the discussions are quoted in their original form).—Part. pass. מְשׁוּקָּע; f. מְשׁוּקַּעַת; pl. מְשׁוּקָּעִים, מְשׁוּקָּעִין; מְשׁוּקָּעוֹת. Koh. R. to I, 15 מקצתה מש׳ בארץ part of the boat rests on dry land. Y. B. Mets. II, beg. 8ᵇ במש׳ בו when the objeot is found stuck in it, opp. בנתון בו when it is seen that it was put there. Gen. R. s. 33 שהיתה התיבה מש׳ במים וכ׳ that the ark was eleven cubits in the water. Y. Yoma VII, beg. 44ᵃ זרעו של דוד מש׳ שם the seed of David is sunk there (in the family of the Resh Galutha). Y. Sabb. III, 6ᵃ top כסא שרגליו מש׳ בטיט a chair the feet of which stick in the mud. Y. Ḥag. I, 76ᵈ top; Y. Peah II, 17ᵃ כמה … וכולהן מש׳ במשנה many Hălakhoth have been communicated to Moses from Sinai, and they all are embodied in the Mishnah; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁקִיעַ to sink, let down. Gen. R. s. 68 ה׳ הקב"ה גלגל וכ׳ the Lord caused the sun to set before its time. Ib. מה אתה בצאתך הִשְׁקַעְתִּי חמה וכ׳ as I caused the sun to set when thou didst go out &c. Lev. R. s. 21; Pesik. Aḥăre, p. 176ᵃ לעולם יַשְׁקִיעַ וכ׳ (Ar. s. v. רתק: יְשַׁקֵּעַ or יִשְׁקַע) man should at all times sink himself into the study of the Mishnah, for when he knocks &c., v. רָתַק. Koh. R. to I, 5 עד שלא ה׳ שמשו … הזריח וכ׳ before God made the sun of Moses to set, he made the sun of Joshua to rise, v. שֶׁמֶשׁ. Ib. 4 היוצר הזה מַשְׁקִיעַ כבשונו מה שמשקיע וכ׳ the potter fills his oven; what he sinks into it first, is the last to come out; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּקֵּע, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּקֵּעַ to be sunk, drowned; to be mixed up beyond recognition. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXII המִשְׁתַּקְּעִים שוקעים את שוקעיהן those that were to be drowned, drowned those that wanted to drown them. Ruth R. to I, 17 נ׳ … בחליו was three days unconscious on his sick-bed, opp. נתישבה דעתו he came to. Ex. R. s. 15⁶ מִשְׁתַּקְּעִין בעונות וכ׳ are sunk in sins through the evil inclination. Ib.¹⁵ עד שנִשְׁתַּקְּעוּ תהומות until the depths were filled with water. Y. Shek. VIII, beg. 51ᵃ והיו עולי רגלים משתקעין וכ׳ the pilgrims sank in blood up to their knees; Men. 103ᵇ שוקעין; Tosef. Eduy. III, 2 מפקיעין בדם וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (read: מְשׁוּקָּעִין; Var. מְשַׁקְּעִין את ארכובותיהן). Arakh. 6ᵇ עד שלא נ׳ שם וכ׳ as long as the name of its owner (that donated it) is not merged (but is still traceable). Kidd. 75ᵃ עד שיִשְׁתַּקֵּעַ שם ע"א ממנו until the name of idolatry has disappeared from him (until his idolatrous ancestry is no longer traceable). Y. Keth. I, 25ᵈ top משפחה שנ׳ בה פסול וכ׳ if a genealogical blemish is mixed up in a family, you must investigate it back to four mothers; Y. Kidd. IV, 65ᵈ bot. Ib. מה נאשה ונִשְׁתַּקְּעוּ בהן גדולי הדור what can we do (with these families), since prominent men of the generation are mixed up with them? Ib. חמשת … וכולם נשתקעו בכהונה וכ׳ Pashhur ben Imer had five thousand slaves, and they are all mixed up with high priestly families; Y. Yeb. VIII, 9ᵈ top; (Kidd. 70ᵇ נטמעו). Tanḥ. Noah 5 the Lord supported Noah שלא יִשְׁתַּקֵּעַ במעשה דור המבול lest he sink down in (the mud of) the deeds of the generation of the flood; a. fr. to settle permanently, be naturalized. Sifré Deut. 301 (ref. to Deut. XXVI, 5 ויגר) מלמד … להִשְׁתַּקֵּע אלא לגור שם this shows that he (Jacob) did not go down (to Egypt) to settle there as a citizen, but only to sojourn there. to be lost in forests, fields &c. Y. Ber. II, end, 5ᵈ ובשעה שהוא משתקע וכ׳ but when one is lost, he may even trespass on a field of crocus; (B. Kam. 81ᵃ תועה). Y. Ber. l. c.; Y. B. Bath. V, 15ᵃ bot. וראו … משתקע ובא כנגדן they saw R. J. b. P. having lost his way and coming (through fields) towards them. ↗ expanded

שְׁקַע Targ. Y. Ex. XV, 10.—Y. Snh. X, 29ᵃ bot. רעדת … ושְׁקוֹעַת the earth shook and sank. Lev. R. s. 5 חמי בגרמיה דש׳ באריסותיה when he sees that he is sinking (going back) in his tenancy. Lev. R. s. 17 שָׁקִיעַ ביתא, v. לְוַט. Pa. שַׁקַּע to sink, insert, immerse, cover. Targ. O. Ex. XXV, 7. Targ. Y. II, Num. IV, 20 (h. text בלע).—Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ bot. כד מְשַׁקַּע, v. באנטרין. Men. 96ᵃ קנים שַׁקּוּעֵי משקע להו as to the staves, he may have stuck them (into the bread before it was baked). Ab. Zar. 75ᵇ חזי … לשַׁקּוּעֵיה he saw that the gentile (that pawned it) intended to forfeit it; a. e.—Part. pass. מְשַׁקַּע inlaid; engraven. Targ. II Esth. I, 2 (some ed. מְשֻׁקַּע Hebraism). Targ. Y. Ex. XXV, 33, sq. מְשַׁקְּעִין (h. text משקדים). Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּקַּע, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּקַע to sink, go down; to be immersed, flooded. Targ. O. Ex. XV, 10. Targ. Jer. LI, 64. Targ. Y. Deut. XXIX, 22. Targ. Am. IX, 5. Ib. VIII, 8; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁקַעֲרוּרוֹת cavities, depressions. Lev. R. s. 17, v. לְוַט. Sifra M’tsorʿa, ch. III, Par. 6 (ref. to Lev. XIV, 37) ש׳ שוקעות במראיהן (not כמר׳) sh’ḳaʿaruroth means ‘appearing to be sunk in’; Yalk. Lev. 566 שוקעות מראיהן (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שָׁקַף 1 to bend, arch.—Denom. שְׁקוֹף, מַשְׁקוֹף. Nif. נִשְׁקַף [to be bent towards,] to look out; to face, be seen. Y. M. Kat. III, beg. 81ᶜ (in a riddle) משמים נִשְׁקָפָה she (the soul?) looks down from heaven. Num. R. s. 19²⁶ (ref. to Num. XXI, 20) העומד … והוא הבאר הנִשְׁקָף וכ׳ he that stands on the face (plateau) of Jeshimon sees something in the sea (of Tiberias) …, and this is the well (of Miriam) which is seen from Jeshimon; (v. Lev. R. s. 22; Koh. R. to V, 8; Y. Kil. IX, 32ᶜ bot.). Hif. הִשְׁקִיף to look, contemplate. Ber. 29ᵃ top ה׳ בה שתים וכ׳ he thought over it (trying to recall it) two or three minutes. (denom. of שְׁקוֹף) to arch, curve, diminish the width of. Gen. R. s. 31 והיה מַשְׁקִיף בה ועולה וכ׳ and he curved it (the wall of the ark) as he went up &c., v. קַמְרוֹטוֹן; Yalk. ib. 54. ↗ expanded

שָׁקַף 2 (Shaf. of נ־קף, cmp. סְקַף II) to bring in close contact, to knock. Ned. 55ᵃ (ref. to Num. XXI, 19) כיון שנחלו אל … ולא עוד אלא ששׁוֹקְפִין אותו בקרקע Ar. (ed. ששוקעין, corr. acc., v. Rashi a. l.) when God gives a man possession (of the Law), he rises to greatness; but if he raises himself, the Lord will lower him, and moreover, they will knock him down in the ground (play on ונשקפה Num. l. c. 20). Hif. הִשְׁקִיף to shut fast. Deut. R. s. 11 הַשְׁקֵף עיניך זה על גב זה וה׳ וכ׳ shut thy eyes, one (eyelid) upon the other. and he did &c.; (Yalk. ib. 940 הַשְׁכֵּב … והִשְׁכִּיב). ↗ expanded

שְׁקַף to knock, smite together, strike. Targ. O. Num. XXIV, 10, v. סְקַף II. Targ. Esth. VI, 1. Targ. Is. XXV, 4; a. e. (of the wind) to knock about, blast, drive about (corresp. to h. שדף a. נדף).—Part. pass. שָׁקִיף, שְׁקִיף; f. שְׁקִיפָא; pl. שְׁקִיפִין; שְׁקִיפַן. Targ. O. Lev. XXVI, 36. Targ. Gen. XLI, 6; 23; 27; a. e. Pa. שַׁקֵּיף, , Af. אַשְׁקֵיף same. Targ. I Sam. II, 10 (h. text ירעם). Targ. Job XXXII, 13 (h. text ידפנו). Targ. Ps. I, 4; a. e.—Part. pass. מְשַׁקַּף or מַשְׁקַף. Ab. Zar. 28ᵇ דלא מ׳ Ms. M. (ed. מִשְּׁקִיף, Ithpe.) (wool) that has not been beaten (hatchelled). (cmp. preced. Hif.) to shut.—Part. pass. as ab. Lev. R. s. 5 תרעא מ׳ וכ׳ (some ed. משקיף) she finds the door shut, and she opens it. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּקַּף to be knocked about, driven off (by the wind). Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 3 היכמא די שְׁקִיף … יִשְׁתּקְּפוּן (not ישקפון) as the smoke is driven, so shall they be driven. ↗ expanded

שַׁקְפָא (v. שָׁקף I, a. סְקוֹף)lintel, threshold. Targ. O. Ex. XII, 7; 22, sq. Targ. Y. Num. XXV, 8 (v. Y. Snh. X, 28ᵈ bot., quot. s. v. שְׁקוֹף).—Pl. שִׁקְפַיָּא, שִׁקְפַיָּיה, שְׁקוֹפַ׳. Targ. I Chr. IX, 19; 22 (h. text ספים). Ib. XXVI, 15; 17 (h. text אספים). ↗ expanded

שִׁקְפָא = שְׁקִיפָא, cleft, overhanging rock. Gen. R. s. 12; Yalk. Ps. 862, v. טַפְזָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁקַץ v. קוּץ) to loathe.—Denom. שֶׁקֶץ. Pi. שִׁיקֵּץ to abominate, detest, make abominable. Macc. 16ᵇ, a. e. עובר משום לא תְשַׁקְּציּ transgresses the law, ‘ye shall not make yourselves abominable’ (Lev. XX, 25).—Part. pass. מְשׁוּקָּץ. Yeb. 63ᵇ שאין לך מש׳ ומתועב וכ׳ for none is more detested and abhorred before the Lord than he that walks naked &c. Cant. R. to I, 9 (ref. to Ps. CVI, 20) אין לך מנוול ומש׳ וכ׳ nothing is so repulsive and disgusting as a grass-eating ox; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּקֵּץ to become loathsome, abominable. Pesik. R. s. 31 והיו מִשְׁתַּקְּצוֹת וכ׳, v. עָזַב. ↗ expanded

שְׁקַץ Pa. שַׁקֵּץ as preced. Pi. Targ. Deut. VII, 26. Targ. Lev. XI, 43; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשַׁקַּץ. Targ. Is. XXVIII, 8 (not מְשַׁקֵּץ; some ed. מְשֻׁקַּץ, Hebraism). ↗ expanded

שֶׁקֶץ preced.) abomination, abominable thing, esp. (v. Lev. XX, 25) unclean animal. Tosef. Nidd. II, 3 מכאן … כיונק ש׳ after that (after the child is twenty-four months old) it is like sucking unclean matter; Y. ib. I, 49ᵇ; Keth. 60ᵃ.—Pl. שְׁקָצִים. Nidd. III, 2 ש׳ ורמשים forbidden animals and reptiles. Snh. VIII, 2 ש׳ ורמשים all kinds of forbidden food; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁקְצָא Targ. Lev. XI, 10. Targ. Y. Deut. VII, 26; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁקְצֵי, שִׁי׳. Ber. 56ᵃ ורעיי בך ש׳ וכ׳ and they make thee pasture unclean animals with a golden staff. ↗ expanded

שָׁקַק (v. שׁוּק I) to desire. Gen. R. s. 44 (play on משק, Gen. XV, 2) that is Lot, שנפשו שׁוֹקֶקֶת עליו וכ׳ whose soul within him longs to be my heir. Hithpol. הִשְׁתּוֹקֵק ; Nithpol. נִשְׁתּוֹקֵק, v. שׁוּק I. ↗ expanded

שָׁקָק (v. שׁוּק III) open place surrounded by groups of buildings. Lam. R. to I, 1 ועל כל ש׳ וש׳ וכ׳ (העיר) each place (in Jerusalem) had twenty-four courts.—Pl. שְׁקָקִים. Ib. ועל כל שוק … ש׳ each street had twenty-four places. ↗ expanded

שְׁקָק , place, street. Koh. R. to X, 8 דכיתיה (ל)ש׳ פלן hast thou cleaned such and such a place?; Gen. R. s. 79 שוק. Gen. R. s. 17 שְׁקָקֵיה דר׳ וכ׳ the square in which R. J. the Galilean lived (Lev. R. s. 34 שכונתיה); a. fr.—Pl. שְׁקָקַיָּא, שְׁקָקֵי. Targ. Prov. I, 20. Ib. VII, 12; a. e.—Gen. R. l. c. מחזרא ליה על ש׳ דקרתא she led him around (begging) to all the places of the city. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᶜ חכים אנא בש׳ שמיא כש׳ וכ׳ I know the streets of heaven as well as the streets of Nehardea (v. שְׁבִילָא). Gen. R. s. 44 אחוי ליה שׁוֹקְקֵי שמיא he showed him (Abraham) the streets of heaven; Yalk. ib. 76 שקקי שמ׳ (not שקקי׳). ↗ expanded

שָׂקַר , v. סָקר II ↗ expanded

שָׁקַר (b. h.) to be false. Gen. R. s. 85, beg. שָׁקַרְתָּ יהודה thou hast been false, O Judah; Yalk. ib. 144; Yalk. Mal. 589. Pi. שִׁיקֵּר same, same, to lie; to defraud.—מה לי לשַׁקּר what reason should I have for making a false statement?, i.e. a person’s statement is to be credited, when he gains nothing by it, since he might have obtained the same advantage in another way. Kidd. 64ᵇ אמרינן מה לי לשקר וכ׳ we apply the principle that we believe him, because he gains nothing by falsehood: for, why should he have said so? In order to release her from leviratical marriage after his death? If so, he might have said to her: I release thee by a divorce. Ib. מה לי לש׳ כי עדים דמי a person’s statement accepted on the ground that he had no reason for lying, has the same legal value as the statement of witnesses; מה לי לש׳ כי חזקה דמי it has only the same value as a presumption (חֲזָקָה). Keth. 27ᵇ מה לי לש׳ אי בעי וכ׳ we must believe him, for, if he had wanted, he might have said &c. Ib. מה לי לש׳ במקום עדים וכ׳ we do not apply the principle of mah li l’shaḳḳer, when the person’s statement is contradicted by witnesses (by well-known facts); B. Mets. 81ᵇ; a. fr.—Y. Snh. XI, 30ᶜ top (expl. כחש לו, I Kings XIII, 18) שי׳ בו (not ביה) he played him false; Cant. R. to II, 5 שי׳ לו; ib. ומה שי׳ לו שהאכילהו וכ׳ and wherein did he play him false? In that he gave him the bread of deceit to eat (made him the recipient of treacherous hospitality). Num. R. s. 20¹⁸; Tanḥ. Balak 12 מְשַׁקֵּר במשקלות, v. מִשְׁקָל; a. fr. to prove false; to contradict, refute. Macc. 5ᵃ (ref. to Deut. XIX, 18) עד שתְּשַׁקֵּר גופה וכ׳ until thou disprovest the body of the testimony (provest an alibi of the witnesses). Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּקֵּר, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּקֵּר to be refuted, be proved to be a liar. Y. ib. I, beg. 31ᵃ [read:] עדים שנזדממו וחזרו ונִשְׁתַּקְּרוּ if witnesses against whom an alibi had been proved were also proved to have told a falsehood (as to the fact to which they testified). ↗ expanded

שְׁקַר 1 Targ. Mal. II, 10 (ed. Wil. Pa.). Targ. Josh. XXII, 16; 22; 31; a. e.—Yeb. 55ᵇ, v. שַׁקָּרָא. Pa. שַׁקֵּר same. Targ. O. Gen. XXI, 23 (Y. Pe.). Targ. Ps. XLIV, 18; a. fr.—Gitt. 57ᵃ שַׁקּוּרֵי מְשַׁקְּרִיתוּ you tell a falsehood. Taan. 9ᵇ כי היכי דמְשַׁקְּרֵי … משקרי וכ׳ as the Babylonians are deceivers, so their rains are, v. מִטְרָא. R. Hash. 22ᵇ לא משקרי וכ׳, v. גְּלֵי; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁקָּר (preced.) liar.—Pl. שַׁקָּרִים, שַׁקָּרִין. Sot. 42ᵃ; Yalk. Hos. 524, v. שַׁקְרָן. ↗ expanded

שֶׁקֶר preced.) lie, falsehood, vanity. Y. Snh. XI, 30ᶜ top מי שהאכיל … לחם ש׳ he that offered to his friend bread of falsehood (treacherous hospitality, v. שָׁקַר), opp. לחם אמת true hospitality. Shebu. 21ᵃ שבועת ש׳ נשבע להחליף a false oath is, if one swears to what is the opposite of true (that something happened which has not happened &c.), (modified) נשבע ומחליף he swears (vows that he will or will not do a certain thing), and does the opposite. Macc. 3ᵃ עדות ש׳ העדתי I have given false testimony. Lev. R. s. 6 המשביע … לש׳ וכ׳ he who lets his neighbor swear in vain (when he knows that he has no claim), shall finally leave his house empty-handed; R. A. says על ש׳ וכ׳ if he lets him swear to what he knows to be a lie; R. J. says, even if he lets him swear to a truth. Sabb. 104ᵃ, v. קְרֵב; a. v. fr.—Y. Macc. I, beg. 31ᵃ עדים שנזדממו … ש׳ ש׳ when witnesses have been convicted of an alibi, R. J. says, we draw an analogy between sheḳer (Ex. XX, 16) and sheḳer (Deut. XIX, 18), i.e. they must suffer corporal punishment in addition to pecuniary penalty.—Pl. שְׁקָרִים. Gen. R. s. 8 אל יברא שכולו ש׳ let man not be created, for he will be full of falsehoods; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁקַר Targ. I Sam. XII, 3 ממון דש׳ (h. text כפר). Ib. XV, 29. Targ. O. Ex. XX, 7 (h. text שוא). Targ. ib. 13; a. fr.—Sabb. 104ᵃ (v. קְרֵב) ש׳ שכיח וכ׳ lie is frequent, truth rare. Ib. קושטא קאי ש׳ וכ׳ truth stands firm, falsehood does not. B. Bath. 82ᵃ, a. fr. מחזי כש׳ it looks like a lie. Lev. R. s. 26; Midr. Sam. ch. XXIV; Yalk. ib. 139 עלמא דש׳, v. עַלְמָא. Ib. מלין דש׳ words of falsehood; Lev. R. l. c. מלין שַׁקָּרִין. Succ. 46ᵇ לא … דאתי לאגמוריה ש׳ one should not say to a child, I shall give thee something, and not give it, because he may teach him falsehood; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁקְרִין, שִׁי׳. Targ. Ps. CI, 7. Targ. Jer. XXIII, 32; a. e.—[Y. Snh. VI, 23ᵇ bot., v. next w.] ↗ expanded

שַׁקָּרָא = h. שַׁקָּר, liar; faithless, faithless man. Yeb. 55ᵇ או איהו שקראי או אנא שַׁקְרִי either he is a liar, or I lied (misreporting R. Johanan).—Pl. שַׁקָּרִין, שַׁקָּרֵי, שָׁקְ׳. Targ. Zeph. III, 4 (ed. Wil. שָׁ׳). Targ. Jer. IX, 1 (not שִׁקְרִין). Targ. Is. XXVI, 10 (ed. Wil. שַׁקְ׳).—Lev. R. s. 26, v. preced. Sot. 35ᵃ מרגלים ש׳ הוו the spies were liars (drew on their imagination). Snh. 29ᵃ סהדי ש׳ אאוגרייהו זילי false witnesses are despised by their own employers; Yalk. Kings 222. Yalk. Ps. 688 מרי סהדי שקרין אנן my lord, we are false witnesses; Y. Snh. VI, 23ᵇ bot. מרי שיקרין (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שַׁקְרָן (preced.) liar. Gen. R. s. 50 אם יאמר … ש׳ הוא if one tells thee, the morning star is the same as the morning dawn (אַיַּילְתָּא), he is a liar. Lam. R. to IV, 2; a. e.—Pl. שַׁקְרָנִים, שַׁקְרָנִין. Snh. 103ᵃ (Sot. 42ᵃ שַׁקָּרִים). ↗ expanded

שַׁקְרָנָא Gen. R. s. 47, end ש׳ את כזבנא את thou art a liar, thou art a deceiver (misrepresenting Abraham). ↗ expanded

שִׁקְשֵׁק , transpos. of קִשְׁקֵשׁ, v. קִשְׁקֵשׁ I ↗ expanded

שֹׁקֶת , pl. שִׁקְתוֹת, v. שׁוֹקֶת. ↗ expanded

שקתא , Y. Erub. V, 22ᵈ bot. דשקתא, v. דִּיסְתְּקָא ↗ expanded

שַׁקְתֵי , v. שַׁקְיָא ↗ expanded

שֵׁר Tower of Sher (or Shed), Straton’s Tower (v. Hildesh. Beitr. p. 4 sq.). Sifré Deut. 51 מדבר שרשך דור, read: מגדל שר שן דור; Yalk. ib. 874 מגדל שרשן דירו (corr. acc.); Y. Shebi. VI, 36ᶜ top מגדל שיד. ↗ expanded

שַׂר prince, chief.; שר (של מעלה) guardian angel, genius. Zeb. 116ᵇ שר ונגיד a prince or a nobleman. Yeb. 16ᵇ שר העולם the genius of the universe; Ḥull. 60ᵃ. Ex. R. s. 22 נטל הקב"ה שר שלהם וכ׳ the Lord took first their (the Egyptians’) guardian angel and drowned him. Pes. 118ᵃ שר הברד, v. יוּרְקָמִי. Ib. אני שר של אש I (Gabriel) am the angel of fire. B. Bath. 74ᵇ שר של ים the angel of the sea. Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 2 כיון שראו שָׂרָהּ של מלכות נופל (not נופלת) when they saw the genius of the (Egyptian) empire fallen; Yalk. Ex. 243; a. v. fr.—Pl. שָׂרִים. Ib. אין … משָׂרֵיהֶן תחלה the Lord will not punish governments, unless he have punished their guardian angels first. Gen. R. s. 78, beg. מיכאל … שהם ש׳ של מעלה Michael and Gabriel who are the princes on high. Yalk. l. c. קרא … לכל שָׂרֵי האומות the Lord summoned all the tutelary angels of the nations. Cant. R. to VIII, 14 ש׳ של מעלה the princes on high (angels); ש׳ של מטה the earthly (human) governors. Ib. (play on הרי בשמים, ib.) המתינו לי … על הריהם שהם שָׂרֵיהֶם שנתונים אצלי בַּשָּׁמַיִם (not שנתונות) wait until I shall have sat in judgment over their mounts, that is, their chiefs that are placed with me in heaven; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 98 גני ש׳, v. גִּינֵּיסַר.—Fem. שָׂרָה. Tosef. Ber. I, 12 (ref. to Gen. XVII, 15) בתחלה הרי היא ש׳ על עמה ועכשיו הרי היא ש׳ על אומות העולם ed. Zuck. (Var. שָׂרַי על עמה … על כל באי העולם, v. ed. Zuck. note) at first she was a princess of her own people, and now she is a princess for the nations of the world (for all that enter into the world); Ber. 13ᵃ שרי לאומתה … ש׳ לכל העולם. ↗ expanded

שָׂרָא Y. Snh. VII, 25ᵈ גזר … על שרה דימא וכ׳ R. J. commanded the chief of the sea, and he swallowed them up. Lev. R. s. 5 שידא שָׂרֵיהוֹן וכ׳, v. רוּחָא; a. e. ↗ expanded

שֵׁרָא , v. שֵׁיר, שֵׁירָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁרָא , v. שְׁרֵי ↗ expanded

שְׂרָאכָא , v. שְׂרָכָא ↗ expanded

שָׁרַב (Shaf. of חרב) to glow, be dry. Hithpa. הִשְׁתָּרֵב to be overcome by the heat. Sifra K’dosh. ch. III, Par. 2 (ref. to Lev. XIX, 14) אל תאמר … שׁיִשְׁתָּרֵב do not advise him … ‘go on the road at noon-time’, that he may be overcome by the heat; Yalk. Lev. 609. ↗ expanded

שְׁרֵב , to glow, burn, be dry. Targ. Y. I Ex. III, 3.—Part. שְׁרִיב; f. שְׁרִיבְתָּא, שְׁרִבְ׳; pl. שְׁרִיבִין; שְׁרִיבָן. Targ. Prov. XVII, 1 (h. text חרבה).—Gen. R. s. 48 שמשא ש׳ (some ed. שרב), v. קָרִיר II. Ib. טולא ושמשא ש׳ כחדא shade and sun are equally hot.—[Targ. Y. Gen. VIII, 1 אשתרבו, v. שְׁדַךְ.—Yalk. Ex. 166 אישתרבו, v. שַׁרְבֵּב I.] ↗ expanded

שָׁרָב preced.) heat of the sun, dry heat. Y. Snh. X, 29ᵇ top אם ברורה בטל … בש׳ whether he meant a clear day with dew or a clear day with dry heat. Y. Sabb. XIV, beg. 14ᵇ; Tosef. ib. XII (XIII), 5; Bab. Sabb. 106ᵇ בשעת הש׳ at the time of dry heat (midday), opp. בשעת הטל. Tanḥ. Sh’laḥ 12; Num. R. s. 16²⁰ עד שלא בא הש׳ וכ׳ before the heat (of noon) came, you flew off (faded). Gen. R. s. 82 (ref. to כברת הארץ, Gen. XXXV, 16) כבר הבר … והש׳ לא בא the grain was already plentiful, and the rainy season past, but the dry season had not come yet (so that the ground was impassable). Lev. R. s. 34⁸ (ref. to Ruth II, 14) שכן דרך … בשעת הש׳ for that is the way of the harvesters, to dip their bread in vinegar at the hot time of the day. Lev. R. s. 16 תשעים ותשע בש׳ וכ׳ ninety-nine persons die from the effects of heat to one by the hand of heaven. Lam. R. to I, 6; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁרַב Targ. Is. IV, 6 (h. text חרב). Ib. XXV, 4 מִשְּׁ׳ (ed. Wil. מַשְׁרָב, corr. acc.). Targ. O. Gen. XXXI, 40 (ed. Berl. שָׁרְבָא, ed. Vien. שַׁרְ׳; Y. שְׁרִיבָא). Targ. Y. II ib. VIII, 22 שורבא (h. text חֹם); a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 16 תשתזיב מן ש׳ mayest thou be saved from the effects of the heat; Y. Snh. X, 29ᶜ bot. ישזבינך מן הדין ש׳ וכ׳ may God save thee from the heat that goes out over the world; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁרְבֵּב (Shaf. of רבב) to enlarge, prolong. Ber. 54ᵇ (ref. to Ps. III, 8) א"ת שִׁבַּרְתָּ אלא שִׁרְבַּבְתָּ read not shibbarta (thou breakest) but shirbabhta thou prolongest (the teeth of the wicked, referring to Og whose teeth grew into the mountain which he was carrying); Ex. R. s. 1²³; Yalk. Ps. 625; Meg. 15ᵇ שריבבת; Sot. 12ᵇ שריבבתה (read: שִׁירְבַּבְ׳). Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּרְבֵּב, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּרְבֵּב to be enlarged. Bekh. 40ᵃ (expl. שרוע, Lev. XXI, 18) שנ׳ לו יריכו (Rashi שנִשְׁתַּרְבְּבָה יריכו) a person whose one hip is enlarged (larger than the other). Sot. 35ᵃ נ׳ לשונם וכ׳ their tongues were prolonged so as to reach down to their navel; Yalk. Num. 745. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְבֵּב 1 , to prolong, let hang down; to let down. Targ. Jer. XXXVIII, 6; 11.—Sabb. 147ᵇ כי מעבריתו … שַׁרְבִּיבוּ להו וכ׳ when you have to carry garments for the soldiers (on the Sabbath), let them hang down over your shoulders (so as to serve as garments for yourselves). Erub. 102ᵇ שַׁרְבֵּיב בגלימיה טפח (not בגלימי; ed. Sonc. אישתרבב בגלימיה, read: א׳ גלימיה; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 200) if a person lets his cloak trail one handbreadth. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּרְבֵּב to be enlarged, prolonged. Sot. 12ᵇ [read:] אִישְׁתַּרְבְּבָא אִישְׁתַּרְבּוּבֵי (her arm) was prolonged (by a miracle, so that she could reach the infant Moses); Ex. R. s. 1²³ אישתרבובי אִשְׁתַּרְבּוּב they (her arms) were prolonged; Yalk. ib. 166 אישתרבב אישתרבו (corr. acc.). to be let down; to trail; to spread. Targ. II Chr. VII, 3; 10.—Snh. 24ᵃ לבבל נחית ואישתרבובי דאי׳ לעילם it (the measure of pride) came down to Babylonia, but was dragged along to Elam; Yalk. Zech. 573 ואי׳ להתם. Bets. 11ᵃ אשתרבובי אשתרבוב ונחות they (the pigeons in the upper nest) dragged themselves along and came down (to the lower nest). ↗ expanded

שַׁרְבֵּב 2 (v.שְׁרַב) to heat. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּרְבֵּב to be heated. Targ. Job VI, 17. ↗ expanded

שִׁרְבֵּט (denom. of שַׁרְבִיט) to stretch, stiffen. B. Mets. 60ᵇ אין מְשַׁרְבִּיטִין את הבהמה you dare not give an animal a deceptive appearance of stiffness (or stoutness); expl. ib. מיא דחיזרא (v. חִיזְרָא II), or מַזְקַפְתָּא q. v.; Tosef. ib. III, 29 מְשַׁרְבְּטִין (v. סָרַט Pi.). Keth. 61ᵇ ומְשַׁרְבֵּט את השפתים and makes the lips stiff (swollen, v. סָרַח I); v. שִׁלְבֵּק.—[Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᶜ top משרבטין בבהמה בעורות וכ׳, read: משרטטין בעורות, v. שִׁרְטֵט.] ↗ expanded

שַׁרְבֵּט Sabb. 94ᵃ בהמה … דמְשַׁרְבְּטֵי נפשייהו וכ׳ cattle … which stiffen themselves (when they are carried and are a real burden), but a live human being &c. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְבִיט , v. שֵׁבֶט) staff, sceptre, rod. Snh. II, 5 ואין משתמשין בשַׁרְבִיטוֹ and we dare not use his (the king’s) sceptre. Arakh. 19ᵃ, v. כָּפַף. Cant. R. to II, 16 אין שרביטו … שלבם וכ׳ God’s rod (of chastisement) comes down only upon men whose heart is soft like lilies; a. fr. shoot, twig, stem with pods, bunch. Tosef. Kil. I, 10. Ukts. I, 5 ש׳ של תמרה שריקנו a twig of a date tree which was stripped of its dates. Ib. וכן בקטניות ש׳ שריקנו and so in the case of summer fruits, if they emptied the pods on a stem. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְבִיטָא Targ. Y. Lev. XXVII, 32 (h. text שבט). Targ. Y. Ex. XXI, 20.—Pl. שַׁרְבִיטִין, שַׁרְבִיטַיָּא, שַׁרְבִיטֵי. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XL, 12 (h. text שָׂרִגִים). Targ. I Kings XII, 11; Targ. II Chr. X, 11 (h. text שוטים). ↗ expanded

שְׁרַבְרוּבִי (v. שְׁרַב a. שַׁרְבֵּב II) dry heat. Y. Shek. V, 48ᵈ אית ביה ש׳, v. קְרַר I. Ib. ועד היכן שְׁרַבְרוּבִיתֵיה מטייה and how far its dry heat reaches. ↗ expanded

שְׂרַג (שְׁ׳) = סְרַג, (cmp. סֵירוּג) to skip, to leap. Targ. Y. Lev. XI, 21 למֵישְׁרַג (prob. to be read with שׂ; h. text לנתר). to pile up bricks with interspaces (v. אַוָּארָא). Bets. 31ᵇ שַׂרְגִּינְהִי ודאי וכ׳ (or שָׂ׳ Pa.) if he has piled them up, he has surely made them unavailable (מוּקְצֶה). B. Bath. 3ᵇ שַׂרְגֵי ליבני Ms. M. Var., a. Rashi (ed. שְׂרִיגֵי; Ms. M. רמן; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note), v. הוּדְרָא. Ithpe. אִשְׂתְּרַג to be entangled. Sabb. 54ᵃ דמִשְׂתַּרְגָּא בה וכ׳, v. כַּבְלָא. ↗ expanded

שְׁרַג = שְׁרַק, to glide, slip. Ḥull. 111ᵃ מִשְׁרַג שָׁרֵיג Ar. a. Ms. R. 2 (ed. משרק שריק), v. שְׁרַק II.—B. Mets. 93ᵃ שריג חד וכ׳ (Ms. H. שוור, v. preced.) one of the animals slipped and fell &c.; Yalk. Gen. 130 שְׁרוֹג. Pa. שָׁרֵיג same. Naz. 39ᵃ שָׁרוּגֵי שְׁרִיגָא ואזלא (not ואזיל; Rashi שרוגי קא מִשְׁתָּרְגָא) it may have slid further and further (to the top of the hair). Ithpa. אִשְׁתָּרֵג same, v. supra. ↗ expanded

שִׂרְגָא (שְׂרַג) ש׳ דליבני pile of bricks. Snh. 64ᵇ (Ms. R. שי׳); Yalk. Lev. 597. Kidd. 60ᵃ, v. שְׁוֵי. ↗ expanded

שְׁרָגָא (שרג Shaf. of חרג to break through; cmp. Arab. sharḳu ortus solis, lux solis) light, lamp, lantern. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 105. Targ. Prov. XXXI, 18. Ib. VI, 23. Ib. XXI, 4 (h. text נִר). Targ. Job XXI, 17; a. fr.—Sabb. 63ᵃ, a. e. ש׳ בטיהרא, v. טִיהֲרָא. Succ. 29ᵃ ש׳ במטללתא an (earthen) lamp may remain in the Succah. Bets. 22ᵃ זקף ליה ש׳ Ms. M. (ed. זקף לה לש׳) he put the lamp up (from its declining position, to make the oil flow away from the wick); a. e.—Pl. שְׁרָגַיָּא, שְׁרָגֵי, שְׁרַגֵּ׳. Targ. I Chr. VIII, 33.—Gitt. 57ᵃ אדליקו ש׳ עד וכ׳ they kindled lights (illuminated) so that &c., v. בִּלְיוֹנָא. Sabb. 23ᵇ דהוה רגיל בש׳ טובא (Ms. M. דהוו רגילי בשרגא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note, a. Tosaf. a. l.) that he was (they were) wont to have many (Sabbath) lights; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְגֵּג (Parel of שגג) to go astray. Targ. Prov. V, 20 (h. text שגה). to lead astray, entice. Targ. Y. Ex. XXII, 15. Targ. Ps. LXXVIII, 36; a. fr. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּרְגֵּג to be led astray, enticed. Targ. Prov. XXIV, 28 ed. Lag. (ed. Wil., a. Ms. ותשרגג). Ib. XXV, 15. Targ. Job XXXI, 9. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְגּוּגָא , v. שַׁרְגִּיגָא ↗ expanded

שַׁרְגּוּשָׁא (רְגַשׁ, Shaf.) [stirrer,] pot-ladle.— Pl. שַׁרְגּוּשֵׁי. Erub. 29ᵇ תרי ש׳ two ladlefuls. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְגִּיגָא (שַׁרְגֵּג) one easily enticed, simple (corresp. to h. פֶּתִי).—Pl. שַׁרְגִּיגַיָּא, שַׁרְגִּיגֵי. Targ. Ps. CXVI, 6 (ed. Lag. שַׁרְגּוּ׳). Ib. CXIX, 130. ↗ expanded

שרגיון , v. סִיגָּרוֹן ↗ expanded

שָׂרַד (b. h.), Pi. שֵׂרֵד (denom. of שָׂרִיד) to leave over. Yoma 72ᵇ ומְשָׂרְרִין וכ׳ (Ms. M., a. Yalk. Ex. 390 משיירין), v. גָּרַד. B. Mets. 113ᵇ משרדין Var. in Rashi, v. סָרַר. ↗ expanded

שרדנגין , v. שדרגזין ↗ expanded

שָׂרָה m. ch., v. שָׂרָא ↗ expanded

שָׂרָה ² (b. h.) princess, v. שַׂר. pr. n. f. Sarah, a) wife of Abraham. Ber. 13ᵃ ש׳ היא שרי Sarah and Sarai have the same meaning. Snh. 39ᵇ עדין … יופי של ש׳ she had not yet attained to half the beauty of Sarah. Gen. R. s. 39 אברהם … וש׳ וכ׳ Abraham convented the men, and Sarah the women; a. v. fr.—b) Gitt. 34ᵇ ופורתא ש׳, v. פֹּורְתָּא. ↗ expanded

שָׁרָה , v. שרי ↗ expanded

שֵׁרוּ , v. שֵׁירוּ ↗ expanded

שָׁרוֹבָא (שְׁרַב) hot and dry soil; [mirage?]. Targ. Is. XXXV, 7. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְוָול workingman’s leather sleeve; [oth. opin. in R. S.: chest protector in hot weather (as if derived from שרב)].—Pl. שַׁרְוָולִים, שַׁרְוָולִין, שַׁרְוָלִ׳. Kel. XXVI, 3 שרוו׳ Mish. (Talm. ed. שרול׳). [V. Fraenkel, Aram. Fremdw., p. 47.] ↗ expanded

שַׁרְוָותָא , v. שָׁרִיתָא ↗ expanded

שָׁרוּי , v. שָׁרָה ↗ expanded

שֵׁרוּי , v. sub שֵׁיר׳. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְוָל , v. שַׁרְוָול ↗ expanded

שָׁרוֹן (b. h.) pr. n. Sharon, plain along the Mediterranean coast from Japho to Carmel. Lev. R. s. 20 על אחינו שבש׳ וכ׳ for our brethren in Sharon (the high priest prayed,) that their houses might not become their graves; Y. Yoma V, 42ᶜ top על אנשי הש׳. Sot. VIII, 3 אף הבונה … בש׳ לא היה חוזר he also who built a brick-house in Sharon was not excused from the army; Y. ib. 23ᵃ top אף אנשי הש׳ לא היו וכ׳ the men of Sh. were not excused, because their houses had to be renovated twice in every Sabbatical period; Bab. ib. 44ᵃ. Tosef. Men. IX, 13; Men. 87ᵃ עגלים מש׳ calves (for public sacrifices) were brought from Sh.; a. e.—Denom. שָׁרוֹנִי. Kil. II, 6, v. עוֹל. Nidd. II, 7; Cant. R. to VII, 3 יין הש׳ Sharon (red) wine. ↗ expanded

שֵׂרוּף , v. שֵׂירוּף ↗ expanded

שָׂרוֹק reddish, sorrel. — Pl. שְׂרוּקִּים. Snh. 93ᵃ מלאים רוגז נעשים ש׳ ואדומים וכ׳ those who, filled with anger, had become sorrel and red, turned white. Yalk. Zech. 568. ↗ expanded

שרורת , Targ. Ps. CVII, 42 Ms., v. שְׁוַור ↗ expanded

שֵׁרוּת , v. sub שֵׁיר׳.—[Targ. O. Gen. XIX, 8 שֵׁרוּתִי ed. Vien., v. שָׁרִיתָא.] ↗ expanded

שָׁרוּתָא , v. שָׁרִיתָא ↗ expanded

שֶׂרַח , v. סֶרַח ↗ expanded

שָׂרַט v. סָרַט) to scratch, wound, v. סָרַט; esp. to wound one’s body in mourning. Macc. III, 5 השׂוֹרֵט שריטה וכ׳ he who makes one incision for a dead person. Ib. ש׳ שריטה וכ׳ if a person makes one incision for five dead or five incisions for one dead person. Ib. 20ᵇ יכול אפי׳ ש׳ על ביתו וכ׳ you may think that one is guilty even if he cuts himself for his house that fell in &c.; a. e. Pi. שֵׂרֵט same. Ib. 21ᵃ המְשָׂרֵט בכלי if one wounds himself with an instrument (instead of with his nails); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שרט , Targ. Is. XXXVIII, 21 וישורטון ed. Wil., v. שְׁטַר ↗ expanded

שִׁרְטוּט , v. שִׁירְטוּט ↗ expanded

שֵׂרָטוֹן (שָׂרַט; cmp. סַרְטָן) [scrapings,] sandbank, alluvial land. Sabb. 56ᵇ; Snh. 21ᵇ בשעה … והעלה ש׳ ועליו וכ׳ when Solomon married Pharaoh’s daughter, Gabriel went down and stuck a reed into the sea, and it gathered a bank around it, on which the great city of Rome was built; Yalk. Kings 172; (Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ שלעטיט). Erub. 8ᵃ ש׳ (הים) שמא יעלה (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. notes 5, a. 10) the sea (river) may throw up alluvium (may recede). Ber. 60ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) אע"ג … דמסקא ארעא ש׳ (Ms. M. a. Ar. סרטון) although the loss of land through the encroachment of the water may be an advantage to him, because the land is covered with alluvium and improves, yet for the moment it is a misfortune to him. B. Bath. 124ᵃ ארעא ואסקא ש׳ (not ואסיק) if his father left him a field, and it improved by alluvium; ib. 135ᵇ. Tam. 30ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁרְטֵט (cmp. שָׂרַט) to draw, rule, trace. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᶜ bot. מה עיבוד … שהיו מְשַׁרְטְטִין בעורות what working in leather was done at the preparation of the Tabernacle? They traced the outlines on the skins (marked out the shape in which they were to be cut, v. שִׁירְטוּט). Ib. top [read:] מה צביעה … שהיו משרטטין בעורות what painting was done at the preparation of the Tabernacle? They marked the skins (with a coloring substance); [the following אלים מאדמים ought to be preceded by עורות, as the catchword to the subsequent discussion, v. Tosef. ib. VIII, 23].—Part. pass. מְשׁוּרְטָט; f. מְשׁוּרְטֶטֶת. Men. 32ᵇ מזוזה שאינה מש׳ a door post inscription which is not written on ruled parchment. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְטֵט Gitt. 7ᵃ ש׳ וכתב ליה וכ׳ he drew lines (on paper), and wrote to him &c. Yeb. 106ᵇ מר זוטרא מְשַׁרְטֵט וכ׳ Mar Z. drew lines, and wrote out the whole section (of the Biblical text aboutḥălitsah). ↗ expanded

שרטטיא , v. סִלְבּוֹנַיָּא ↗ expanded

שָׂרַי (b. h.) pr. n. f. Sarai, the original name of Sarah. Ber. 13ᵃ, v. שָׂרָה. Ib. בתחלה … ש׳ לאומתה וכ׳ at first she was Sarai (a little princess) for her own people &c., v. שַׂר. Gen. R. s. 47; a. e. ↗ expanded

שרי to dissolve, soak, steep. Naz. VI, 1 ש׳ פתו ביין וכ׳ if he (the Nazirite) steeped his bread in wine, and there is enough in both together to make up the size of an olive; Pes. 44ᵇ. Naz. 37ᵃ אם ש׳ ענביו במים וכ׳ if he steeped grapes in water, and a taste of wine remained in it. Pes. II, 7 אין שׁוֹרִין וכ׳ you dare not soak bran for chickens (on the Passover); ib. האשה לא תִשְׁרֶה וכ׳ a woman must not soak bran to take with her to the bathhouse. Sabb. I, 5 אין שורין … כדי שיִשּׁוֹרוּ וכ׳ you must not lay in ink-materials or dyes …, unless they can be dissolved (or soaked through) before the Sabbath sets in. Eduy. I, 8; a. fr. Nif. נִשְׁרָה to be soaked, dissolved. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵈ bot. כדי שתִּשָּׁרֶה וכ׳, v. מְגוּפָה; Y. Taan. I, 64ᵇ top שתשרף (corr. acc.). Gen. R. s. 17, end אדם … מיד היא נִשְׁרֵית … אינו נִשְׁרֶה man is made out of earth, when you put a drop of water on it, it is at once dissolved (soft), but woman is made of a bone, which is not dissolved, even if you let it lie in water for many days. Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᶜ top כל … והיא נשרית … ושאינה נשרית וכ׳ when you put salt in, and it dissolves, it is called salt water, but when it is not dissolved, it is called halmé; a. e.—Sabb. I, 5 יִשּׁוֹרוּ (fr. שור or נשר), v. supra. ↗ expanded

שרי ² cmp. preced.) to loosen, untie; (cmp. meaning of καταλύω) to take lodging; to rest, dwell. Snh. 11ᵃ יש … שראוי שתִּשְׁרֶה עליו שכינה there is one among you who deserves that the Shechinah should rest upon him. Ib. 65ᵇ כדי שתִּשְׁרֶה וכ׳, v. רָעֵב Hif. Ib. שׁוֹרָה עליו וכ׳ the spirit … comes down upon him. Y. Sabb. VIII, end, 11ᶜ רוח רעה שורה עליה an evil spirit rests upon it (it is injurious to health). Num. R. s. 13² אימתי שָׁרְתָה וכ׳ when did the Shechinah come down to rest on earth? When the Tabernacle was erected. Koh. R. to VII, 2 ושָׁרַת עליהם וכ׳ the holy spirit rested upon them. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXVI ומלאכי … ושׁוֹרִים ביניהם (not ושוררים) the ministering angels rejoice over them (the righteous that die), that they come to dwell among them; ed. Bub. שהוא בא ושורה וכ׳ that he (the righteous man) comes &c.; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁרוּי; f. שְׁרוּיָה; pl. שְׁרוּיִין; שְׁרוּיוֹת. Yeb. 62ᵇ he that has no wife, ש׳ בלא שמחה וכ׳ lives without joy, without blessing &c. Sot. 48ᵃ בזמן שישראל ש׳ בצער וכ׳ when Israel lives in trouble, and the nations in peace and happiness &c. Meg. 2ᵃ בזמן שהשנים … ש׳ על אדמתן when the years were properly regulated (without Roman interference), and the Israelites lived (undisturbed) on their soil; a. v. fr. Hif. הִשְׁרָה to cause to rest. Sabb. 139ᵃ אין הקב"ה מַשְׁרֶה וכ׳ the Lord does not let his Presence rest upon Israel, until the bad judges and officers cease to exist. Snh. 7ᵃ כל דיין … משרה a judge that administers true justice faithfully, causes the Shechinah to dwell in Israel. Gen. R. s. 7 מלך … ומשרה דיורין וכ׳ a human king builds a palace, and lets the inmates dwell in the upper and lower stories, הק"בה משרה … בחלל the Lord makes inmates dwell (even) in vacant space. Num. R. s. 13⁶; a. fr. (cmp. שֵׁירוּתָא) to board, provide a living for. Keth. V, 8 המשרה את אשתו וכ׳, v. שָׁלִישׁ. Ib. 107ᵃ כשה׳ לזו ולא ה׳ לזו when he provided for the one (his wife), but did not provide for the others (his children); a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁרֵי to untie, unharness; to disengage, dismiss. Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 32 וש׳ גמליא (ed. Berl. וש׳ מן ג׳; Y. ושָׁ׳ זממי ג׳ Pa.; h. text ויפתח). Targ. Job XXX, 11. Targ. O. Ex. III, 5 (h. text של); a. fr.—Pes. 113ᵃ שְׁרִי כיסך פתח שפיך untie thy purse (to receive the money), open thy bag (to deliver the goods), i.e. sell for cash. Snh. 98ᵃ כולהון שְׁרוֹ ואסירי … איהו ש׳ חד וכ׳ all of them untie and tie up (their sores) at once (untie all of them, and then tie them up), but he unties and ties up one at a time. Pesik. R. s. 22 [read:] שַׁרְתַּנְהוֹן … ע"ג סודרא she untied them (the two Denars), and placed them on the shawl. Y. Ber. II, 5ᵃ bot. אתת … ושַׁרְתוּן וכ׳ (fr. שרה, cmp. חֲמֵי) when prayer time came, he untied them (the coins), and gave them to R. H.; [read:] קטר פורתיה לפורתיה ויהבון לשמעיה ושרתון וערק he tied his (R. Ḥ’s) share to his own, and gave them to his servant, but he (the servant) untied them and ran away. Y. Meg. IV, 75ᵇ bot. שְׁרוֹן ליה וכ׳, v. סַפְרוּתָא. Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵃ שרון גרמון ומנוניה they dismissed themselves (resigned their office) and appointed him (Hillel) in their place; a. fr.—ש׳ תיגרא to solve a dispute, to settle or decide a case. Ned. 62ᵃ שְׁרוּ לי תיגראי ברישא take my case up first. Yeb. 100ᵃ שָׁרֵינָא וכ׳, v. תִּגְרָא I; a. e. to allow, permit; to forgive; to absolve (= h. הִתִּיר). Targ. Y. Num. XXX, 3. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXII, 14. Targ. Y. II, Num. XIV, 20; a. fr.—Kidd. 13ᵇ הוא אסרה והוא שַׁרְתָהּ (Rashi שרי לה) he tied her (by marrying her), and he untied her (through his death, that she can dispose of herself). Y. Ber. II, 5ᵇ אינון שַׁרְיָין ואינון אסרין do the same men permit and forbid? Y. Snh. VII, end, 25ᵈ [read:] שַׁרְיִי מה דעבדתין אמרה ליה לי נא שַׁרְיָיה undo what thou hast done (by charm); said she to him, I will not undo. Bab. Snh. 99ᵃ ש׳ ליה מריה וכ׳ the Lord forgive R. Hillel. Ab. Zar. 37ᵃ וקרו לן בית דינא שָׁרְיָא and they might call us a permitting court (of lax practice). Ib. כי שְׁרִיתוּהָ לאלתר שריתוה וכ׳ when you permitted her (to marry again), did you permit her to marry at once &c.? Ib. וקרו ליה יוסף שריא and they called him Joseph the permitter. Ib. אנא נמי שְׁרָאִי אחריתי Ms. M. (ed. אנא שרא, corr. acc.) I also permitted another thing (which was forbidden heretofore); a. v. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁרֵי, שַׁרְיָא; f. שַׁרְיָא. Targ. II Esth. III, 8 יומא ש׳ a permitted day (free for trade).—Bets. 3ᵇ לדידי אפי׳ … ש׳ according to my opinion it is permitted even on the first day. Ib. 22ᵃ אפי׳ בשבת ש׳ it is permitted even on the Sabbath. Ned. 62ᵃ ש׳ ליה לאינש לאודועי וכ׳ a man is permitted to make himself known (as a scholar) in a place where they do not know him; a. fr. [to loosen the girdle,] to sit down for a meal; trnsf. to start, begin. Targ. Deut. XVI, 9 (O. ed. Berl. תְּשָׁרֵי, Pa.). Targ. II Esth. III, 7; a. fr.—Lam. R. to I, 1 (רבתי) כמה דשְׁרִין למיכל (ed. Wil. דשְׁרוֹ) when they sat down to eat. Y. Dem. I, 21ᵈ bot.; Y. Shek. V, 48ᵈ top שַׁרְיַית מנהקה (not שוריית) she began to bray; a. fr.—Trnsf. (cmp. meanings of b. h. יָאַל Hif.) to consent, be willing. Targ. Josh. VII, 7. Ib. XVII, 12. Targ. Job VI, 9; 28; a. fr. to encamp, dwell, rest. Targ. I Sam. XXVI, 5. Targ. Num. II, 2, sq. Targ. Ex. XL, 35. Targ. Ps. XVI, 8, sq.; a. fr.—Y. Ter. VIII, 46ᵃ חמריא שרון וכ׳ ass-drivers took lodging in an inn. Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי אשכח … שרון יתבין וכ׳ (חד מירוש׳) he found men that had taken lodging there, and sat eating and drinking. Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᶜ bot. ע"י דהוה ש׳ תמן וכ׳ because he lived there (in Babylonia) &c. Gen. R. s. 20 ויתיר … שרי, v. פָּרָא II. Snh. 39ᵃ כל בי … שָׁרְיָא the Shechinah dwells wherever ten persons are assembled; a. fr. Pa. שָׁרֵי same, to untie, loosen. Targ. Ps. XXX, 12 (ed. Wil. Pe.). Targ. Job XII, 18 (ed. Wil. מַשְׁרֵי Af.); a. e. to begin. Targ. O. Deut. I, 5 (Y. שׁוֹרֵי Poel). Ib. II, 24 (O. ed. Vien. Pe.). Ib. 25. Targ. Jer. IV, 31; a. fr.—Targ. Prov. XIII, 12 דמְשָׁרֵי למעדריה (not משדי, v. Pesh. a. LXX) who begins to help himself (h. text תחלת ממשכה!). to cause to rest, v. infra. Af. אַשְׁרֵי to untie, v. supra. to cause to encamp or dwell, to let rest. Targ. Gen. II, 15. Targ. Jer. VII, 7. Targ. Ps. XXIII, 2. Ib. LXXIV, 2 Ms. (ed. Pa.); a. fr.—Sabb. 67ᵃ הסנה … א׳ קודשא וכ׳ O thornbush! not because thou art higher than all other trees did the Lord let his Presence rest upon thee &c. Koh. R. to III, 9, end כל … לא מַשְׁרִין וכ׳ (in the hereafter) they allow every one to dwell only with his fellow tradesmen; ib. beg. מתרין (corr. acc.); a. e. Ithpa. אִשְׁתָּרֵי, Ithpe. אִישְׁתְּרֵי, אִישְּׁרֵי to be untied, loosened. Targ. Is. V, 27.—Lev. R. s. 14, v. חֲבִילָא II; a. e. to be permitted. Yeb. 106ᵃ כי היכי דתִישְׁתְּרִי לעלמא in order that she may be free to marry again. Bets. 2ᵇ יו"ט בעלמא תשתרי let it be permitted for use on any other Holy Day (not followed by the Sabbath); a. e. to be begun, begin. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVII, 17. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 96, v. שַׁכְלֵל.—Y. Ter. VIII, 46ᵃ מישרי נבח בהון (prob. to be read: אישרי) he began to bark at them; ib. מישרי מתרתר, v. תַּרְתֵּר.—[Lev. R. s. 13 אשתריתין, v. שְׁתַר.] ↗ expanded

שָׁרִי , v. שָׁרִיתָא ↗ expanded

שָׁרְיָא , v. preced. art. ↗ expanded

שְׁרֵיב , v. שְׁרֵב ↗ expanded

שָׂרִיד Saf. of ירד) [run-off,] fugitive, escaped, remainder. Yoma 72ᵇ (play on בגדי השרד, Ex. XXXV, 19) אלמלא … ש׳ ופליט but for the garments of priesthood, there would not be left of Israel a remnant or a survivor. Ḥull. 133ᵃ; Snh. 92ᵃ (ref. to Job XX, 26) אין ש׳ וכ׳ by sarid a scholar is meant (with ref. to Joel III, 5); Yalk. Job 907. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXXV עד שיבוא ש׳ מיעקב וכ׳ until a remnant of Jacob shall come and give to his (Esau’s), sons a dish of lentils in mourning and trouble &c.; a. e.—Pl. שְׂרִידִים. Meg. 6ᵃ (in a eulogy) אוהבי ש׳ יושבי וכ׳ ye lovers of the saved (the scholars, v. supra), dwellers of Rakkath, go forth &c. ↗ expanded

שריד , Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXIII, 29; שרידייא, Targ. II Chr. V, 10, v. שָׁרִיר ↗ expanded

שִׁרְיוֹן = שרר; cmp. Assyr. siriâm) (ringed) coat of mail. Sabb. VI, 2, expl. ib. 62ᵃ זַרְדָּא. Cant. R. to I, 9 יצא … בש׳ וכובע וכ׳ when Pharaoh came forth in mail and helmet &c.; Yalk. Sam. 159; a. e.—Pl. שִׁרְיוֹנִים, שִׁי׳. Yalk. Gen. 133. ↗ expanded

שִׁרְיוֹנָא , v. שִׁרְיָינָא ↗ expanded

שָׁרָיוּת (שְׁרֵי) beginning, first thing. Targ. O. Deut. XVI, 9. Targ. Hos. I, 2. Targ. II Kings XVII, 25. Targ. II Sam. XXI, 9, sq. ↗ expanded

*שְׁרִיחְתָּא (cmp. סָרַח III) vapid, senseless. Targ. Hos. VII, 11 (ed. Lag. שחירתא, v. שְׁחַר IV; h. text פותה). ↗ expanded

שַׁרְיֵי Beth Sharye, Be Sharye, a valley in which Beth Shean was situated. Gen. R. s. 98 רובצת תחת … בבית הש׳ ‘lying deep’ (Gen. XLIX, 25), that is Beth Shean in Beth ha-Sharye. Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵇ top; Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵃ ואחתוניה בי ש׳ and they carried him down (for burial) to Be Sh. Y. M. Kat. III, 82ᶜ top הרי שמוליכין … דקברין בבית ש׳ if they carry the body from place to place, as for instance those who bury their dead in Beth Sh. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְיֵי ² , pl. of שָׁרִיתָא q. v. ↗ expanded

שָׁרְיֵי , v. שְׁרֵי ↗ expanded

שְׁרִיָּיה (שָׁרָה I) soaking, steeping. Nidd. VII, 1 וכמה היא שְׁרִיָּיתָן וכ׳ and how long must they be soaked? Twenty-four hours in tepid water; ib. 22ᵇ; 56ᵃ. Tosef. Maas. Sh. II, 1 חוץ משִׁירְיָיתָהּ except putting it in water; Y. ib. II, 53ᶜ משליתה (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שִׁרְיָין = h. שִׁרְיוֹן. Targ. O. Ex. XXVIII, 32 שִׁירְיָן ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. שִׂרְיָן); ib. XXXIX, 23 (Y. שיריא). Targ. Job XLI, 18. Targ. I Sam. XVII, 5. Targ. Jer. LI, 3 ס׳; a. e.—Pl. שִרְיָינַין, שִׁרְיוֹ׳, סִרְיָינַיָּיא, שִׁי׳, סִי׳. Targ. Cant. VI, 8. Targ. II Chr. XXVI, 14. Targ. Jer. XLVI, 4 ס׳. ↗ expanded

שִׁרַיִים (read: שִׁירַיִים), v. שְׁיָיר ↗ expanded

שִׁרְיַית , v. שִׁלְיַית ↗ expanded

שַׁרְיָיתָא , v. שָׁרִיתָא ↗ expanded

שִׁרְיָן , v. שִׁרְיָינָא ↗ expanded

שָׂרִיף , v. שְׂרָף ↗ expanded

שְׂרִיפָה (preced.) secretion, dripping, catarrh(?). Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᶜ bot. והסיר … זו ש׳ ‘and the Lord will keep far from thee every disease’ (Deut. VII, 15), that means s’rifah; Lev. R. s. 16 quot. in Ar. (missing in ed.).—V. שְׂרָף. ↗ expanded

שְׂרֵיפָה , v. שְׂרֵפָה ↗ expanded

שְׁרֵיק , v. שְׁרַק ↗ expanded

שְׁרִיקָא , v. שְׁרַק III ↗ expanded

שִׁרְיָקֵי , v. שׁוּרְיָיקָא ↗ expanded

שְׁרִיקְרִיק , v. שְׁרַקְרַק ↗ expanded

שָׁרִיר (שָׁרַר) [tied; cmp. כָּשֵׁר,] strong, fast, reliable, fit, proper. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXIII, 29 (not שריד; h. text אשר!). Targ. Prov. XIX, 7 (h. text המה!).—Sabb. 145ᵇ לא ש׳ שדריה its spinal column is not strong enough. Pes. 74ᵇ בחיורתא דש׳ in the case of dough of white flour, which is bound (compact).—Esp. in the closing formula of a document: ש׳ וקים fit and established. B. Bath. 160ᵇ; Y. Gitt. IX, 50ᶜ bot. קיים ש׳ וברור established, fit, and sound.—Pl. שְׁרִירַיָּיא; f. שְׁרִירָן. Targ. II Chr. V, 10 ש׳ (not שריד׳) the sound tables (opp. כד אתברו the broken). Targ. Y. I Deut. VIII, 9 גזרן ש׳ Ar. (ed. בריר׳). ↗ expanded

שְׁרִירָאִית adv. (preced.) firmly. Targ. Prov. XXI, 28. ↗ expanded

שְׁרִירוּתָא (preced. wds.) strength, truth. Targ. Prov. VIII, 6.—[B. h. שְׁרִירוּת, with לב, hardness, stubbornness.] ↗ expanded

שָׁרִישׁ (שְׁרַשׁ) deep-rooted, old; remnants from olden days. Targ. Y. Lev. XXV, 47 שְׁ׳ פולחנא וכ׳ a remnant of idol worship (h. text עקר). Targ. Y. I Deut. XXIX, 17 טעו דש׳ an idol of olden days. ↗ expanded

שָׁרִיתָא (= שְׁרָרִי׳; שְׁרַר; cmp. כָּשׁוֹרָא) [binder,] joist, beam, post. Targ. O. Gen. XIX, 8 ed. שָׁרוּתִי Berl. (ed. Vien. שֵׁרוּ׳, corr. acc.). Targ. II Kings VI, 2 שדי ed. Lag. (corr. acc.; ed. כשורא). Ib. 5; a. e.—Gen. R. s. 89 חמית בחלמי ש׳ דביתי וכ׳ I saw in my dream the main beam of my house broken; Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (הדא אתתא). Erub. 102ᵃ ההיא ש׳ דהוה בי וכ׳ (not ההוא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 20) a beam lying on the ground of R. P. which required ten persons to lift it, and they put it before the door (as a bar). Y. ib. I, 19ᵃ bot. חמא … שָׁרִיתֵיה כריחא (not בריחיא) he saw an entrance (v. מָבוֹי) the beam over which was rotten. Gen. R. s. 65, end, v. צְלַב; Yalk. ib. 115 שרתא (corr. acc.); a. e.—Pl. שַׁרְיָיתָא, שַׁרְיָתָא, שַׁרְוָו׳, שַׁרְיָין, שַׁרְיָן. Targ. I Kings VI, 15. Ib. 9 (ed. Wil. שִׁרְיָ׳). Targ. Y. Num. XXXV, 20 שַׁרְיַית Kimḥi (ed. Vien. שַׁרְוָותָה).—Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ bot. מי … תרתין שרין עבר וכ׳ (not ועכד) when both went out carrying two beams (on which to be hanged), R. A. passed &c. Gen. R. s. 66 שַׁרְיֵי, v. כַּרְסָא; Lam. R. l. c. (חד בר נש) שוריא. Ib. שריין. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְכָּא (שרך, Shaf. of ארך; cmp. b. h. סֶרַח) rest, remainder. Targ. II Esth. IX, 16 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. שארא; h. text שאר).—[B. Bath. 139ᵃ, v. שַׁדְכָא.] ↗ expanded

שְׂרָכָא ) m. (preced., v. סְרַךְ, סִרְכָא; cmp. b. h. שְׂרוֹךְ) long and entangled grass, luxuriant growth. Erub. 100ᵇ דאיכא ש׳ (not דאית ליה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 60; Ms. M. שְׂרָאכָא; Ar. שדכי, corr. acc.) when the grass luxuriates (grows in long and tangled bands). thorn, worthless tree. — Pl. שְׂרָכֵי. B. Kam. 92ᵇ (prov.) מטייל ואזיל דיקלא בישא גבי קינא דש׳ (Ar. שייך … בהדי קינא דשדכי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6) a bad palm will travel to be in company with shrubs (‘like meets like’); Yalk. Jud. 67 דשרכו (corr. acc.); Yalk. Gen. 116 דסרכי. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְכָּפָא (Parel of שכף, √כף; cmp. כְּפִיפָה) nest. Targ. Y. Deut. XXII, 6. Targ. Ps. LXXXIV, 4. Targ. Job XXIX, 18; a. e.—Pl. שַׁרְכְּפִין, שַׁרְכְּפֵי. Targ. Ps. CIV, 17. coop, basket. Ḥull. 53ᵇ Ar. (ed. שַׁרְקָפָא; Ms. M. שִׁירְקָ׳; Ms. H. סרק׳; cmp. קְפִיפָה). ↗ expanded

שַׁרְכַּפְתָּא same, nest. Targ. Y. Gen. I, 20. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 11. ↗ expanded

שִׁרְנוּקָא , v. שִׁינּוּקָא ↗ expanded

שַׁרְנֵיק , v. שְׁנַק ↗ expanded

שָׂרַע Saf. of רע, v. רֵעַ, רָעַע) to join, add.—Part. pass. שָׂרוּעַ abnormally long, esp. one that has one hip larger than the other. Bekh. 40ᵃ, v. שִׁרְבֵּב; [Sifra Emor, ch. II, Par. 3 ש׳ שנשמטה יריכו, v. שְׁרַע; cmp. Targ. Y. Lev. XXI, 18]. Hithpa. הִשְׂתָּרֵעַ [ (b. h.) to be stretched, to stretch one’s self. Is. XXVIII, 20.] (homil.) to be joined, combined, lie together. Yalk. Is. 302; Yalk. Kings 246 (ref. to Is. l. c.) קצר מצע זה מהִשְׂתָּרֵעַ עליו שני רעים כאחת this couch is too narrow for two lovers to be joined on it together (Israel cannot serve God and idols combined); Lev. R. s. 17 אין המטה יכולה וכ׳ the bed cannot receive a woman and her husband and her lover together; Lam. R. introd. (R. Josh. 1) מהו מהשתרע שתריע לקבל וכ׳ (some ed. שתריעו) what is mehistareʿa? That thou (you) make a partnership to receive a woman &c.; [Yoma 9ᵇ; Snh. 103ᵇ מהשתרר, v. שָׂרַר]. ↗ expanded

שְׂרַע Part. pass. שְׂרִיעַ (= h. שָׂרוּעַ, v. preced.). Targ. O. Lev. XXI, 18; [Targ. Y. אשתמיט, v. next w.]; [Targ. ib. XXII, 23 יתיר, יתיר כוליא]. ↗ expanded

שְׁרַע (cmp. שְׁרג, שְׁרִק) to slope, slip down, glide; to faint. Y. Bets. I, 60ᶜ bot. הוה מסתמיך … שַׁרְעִין וזקפון וכ׳ was leaning on two Goths (in going to bathe); they slipped (or broke down), and he helped them up &c. Y. Ber. III, 6ᵇ top; Y. Naz. VII, 56ᵃ bot. ר׳ ז׳ ש׳ בדיבוריה R. Z. sank down while speaking (in the presence of a corpse); Koh. R. to VII, 2, end, v. עֲנֵי II. Y. Ber. V, 9ᵃ bot. הות … שַׁרְעָה וכ׳ his cloak slipped off his shoulders; הא … שְׁרִיעָה thy cloak has dropped. Y. Shebi. VI, 37ᵃ top ש׳ מינה he slipped away from it, i.e. he gave it up. Y. Peah II, beg. 16ᵈ בעא … וש׳ מינה wanted to argue …, and gave it up; Y. B. Bath. III, beg. 13ᵈ. Ib. VI, end, 15ᶜ מעלל אנא ש׳ I may slip in going up; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׂרְעַפִּים [ramifications,] שַׂרְעַפֵּי לֵב thoughts, doubts of the heart. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCII והיה … משמרו מכל רע ומכל ש׳ לב and the Sabbath day guarded him from all evil and from all doubts of the heart; ed. Bub. סַרְעַפֵּי; Pirké d’R. El. ch. XX ומנחמו מכל ס׳ לבו and comforted (relieved) him of &c. ↗ expanded

שְׁרַעְתָּא (שְׁרַע) slope, sliding, slippery ground. B. Kam. 29ᵃ דרך ש׳ דנהרא along the slippery shore of a river (or canal). ↗ expanded

שָׂרַף 1 onomatop.) [to sip, absorb, v. שָׂרַף II,] to consume, burn. Pes. I, 4 ושׂוֹרְפִין … שש and the burning (of leavened matter) must take place at the beginning of the sixth hour. Ab. Zar. 11ᵃ שׂורְפִין על המלכים we do burning at the burial of kings; ומה הן שורפין וכ׳ and what is burnt? Their couch and their objects of service (armor &c.); Tosef. Snh. IV, 3; Tosef. Sabb. VII (VIII), 18; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׂרוּף; f. שְׂרוּפָה &c. Nidd. 24ᵇ עצמותיו שְׂרוּפִין, v. שְׁתִיָּה I; a. e. Nif. נִשְׂרַף to be burnt. Num. R. s. 23⁶ ונ׳ על שמעל וכ׳ and he (Achan) was burned (after being stoned), because he had misappropriated devoted things. Pes. 34ᵇ יִשָּׂרֵף מיד must be burned at once. Tosef. ib. V, 8 כשם … אינו נִשְׂרָף וכ׳ as the wooden spit (on which the Passover lamb is roasted) does not burn, so the metal spit does not get hot. Zeb. XII, 5 בזמן שהם נִשְׂרָפִין כמצותן נשרפין וכ׳ when they are burned according to the law concerning them (and not because of a disqualification), they are burned in the ash-house. Ib. a. fr. פרים הנִשְׂרָפִים וכ׳ the bullock sacrifices which the law requires to be burned; a. fr.—[Y. Taan. I, 64ᵇ top תשרף, read תשרה, v. שָׁרָה I.] ↗ expanded

שְׂרַף Targ. O. Gen. XI, 3 (some ed. ונוקדי׳, v. יְקַד). Ithpa. אִשְׂתָּרֵיף, אִשְׂטָ׳ to be burned. Zeb. 16ᵃ שפיר אִישְׂתָּרוּף they would have been burned according to law; Yalk. Lev. 534. Gen. R. s. 38 (ref. to Gen. XI, 3) עתידין … מִשְׂתָּרְפָה מן וכ׳ these people are destined to be burned out of the world; Yalk. ib. 62; a. e.—Y. Sabb. IV, 7ᵃ top [read:] מצדתא הוו פריסן והוון מִשְׂטָרְפָן וכ׳ nets were spread, and they were burned in the sun. ↗ expanded

שָׂרַף 2 (v.שָׂרַף I) to absorb, quaff, sip, suck. Ab. Zar. II, 5 (29ᵇ) שׂורְפָהּ חיה (not שורפו) sucks it (the maw) out raw, v. גְּמִי I; Cant. R. to I, 2. ↗ expanded

שְׂרַף ² Naz. 36ᵇ אי דקא שָׂרֵיף ליה מִישְׂרַף if he quaffed it (swallowed it, instead of striking it on bread); Pes. 44ᵃ אי בעיניה דקשריף וקאכיל ליה (Ms. M. בעיניה קאכיל ליה) if he swallowed it in its natural condition, opp. שטר. Ker. 22ᵃ בשעה … מישרף שריף with the last breath of the animal, it (the heart) absorbs (the blood from the blood vessels). Taan. 24ᵇ ש׳ פינכא וכ׳ (Ms. M. טעים מידי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he swallowed a dishful of grist. Ib. אי שְׂרִיף מר וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 300) if you had swallowed &c. Ber. 62ᵃ כדלא ש׳ תבשילא as if he had never sipped a dish (never had had marital intercourse; Ḥag. 5ᵇ כמאן דלא טעים וכ׳). ↗ expanded

שָׂרַף 3 Pi. שֵׂירֵף (denom. of שְׂרָף) to cover with resin. Tosef. Mikv. VI (VII), 21 שֵׂירְפָהּ בשרף (not שו׳; Var. סֵירְפָהּ) if he covered it (the handle of a saw) with resin. ↗ expanded

שָׂרָף 1 burning, venomous serpent (v. Sm. Dict. s. v. Dipsas). Gen. R. s. 44; Lev. R. s. 13 (ref. to Deut. VIII, 15) ש׳ זו מדי saraf refers to Media; a. e.—Pl. שְׂרָפִים. Num. R. s. 19²² הנחשים הש׳ ששורפים את הנפש they are called burning serpents, because they burn the life out (with thirst); Yalk. ib. 764; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 19. Num. R. s. 23, beg.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׂרָף 2 (b. h.) Seraph, an angel.—Pl. שְׂרָפִים. Ḥag. 12ᵇ. Pirké d’R. El. ch. IV. Deut. R. s. 11 בשעה שראו … ושַׂרְפֵי להבה וכ׳ when the wheels of the chariot and the flaming Seraphim saw &c. Pesik. R. s. 20; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׂרָף same, v. סַרְפַיָּא. ↗ expanded

שָׂרָף 3 (b. h.) pr. n. m. Saraph. B. Bath. 91ᵇ ↗ expanded

שְׂרָף (שָׂרַף I) acrid substance, esp. vegetable sap made thick by inspissation; resin, gum (secreted by the heat of the sun). Ber. 44ᵃ כל סעודה שאין בה ש׳ וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שָׂרִיף) a meal without an acrid substance (bitter herbs &c.) is no meal. Pes. 39ᵃ, v. מַר II. Tosef. ib. I (II), 33 כל שיש בו ש׳ וכ׳ any plant which contains an acrid sap is fit to be used on the Passover night. Orl. I, 7 שְׂרַף העלים the sap of leaves; ש׳ העקרים of roots; ש׳ הפגים of unripe grapes. Y. ib. I, 61ᵇ bot. למה ש׳ פרי פגין פרי why (this difference in the law between resin and juice of unripe fruits)? resin is fruit and grapes are fruit. Ib. קטף בטל ע"י שִׂרְפּוֹ resin ceases to exist when its sap is pressed out; Y. Shebi. VII, end, 37ᶜ. Ib. אילן אינו בטל ע"ג שרפו the tree does not cease to exist when its sap is tapped. Ker. 6ᵃ; Sabb. 26ᵃ צרי אינו אלא ש׳ וכ׳ balsam is only a gum that drips from the balsam tree. Y. ib. II, 4ᵈ אין … מפני שהוא ש׳ you must not use balsam for the Sabbath light, because it is a gum. Gen. R. s. 94, v. סָפַג; Tanḥ. B’midbar 16 השבט (corr. acc.); a. e.—Trnsf. secretion, matter. Nidd. 10ᵇ זו שִׂירְפָּה מצוי וכ׳ with the one (the newly married virgin) secretion (from a wound caused by first coition) is frequent &c.; [oth. opin.: with the wife of older standing secretion is frequent].—Pl. שְׂרָפִים, שְׂרָפִין. Sabb. 23ᵃ כל הש׳ יפין וכ׳ all gums are good for ink, but the gum of the balsam tree is the best. ↗ expanded

שְׂרַף 2 , esp. balsam. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVII, 25 (h. text צרי). Ib. XLIII, 11 (h. text צרי). ↗ expanded

שְׂרֵפָה burning, fire. Snh. VII, 1 ארבע מיתות … ש׳ וכ׳ four modes of capital punishment …, stoning, burning &c. (expl. ib. 2). Ib. 52ᵃ שְׂרֵיפַת נשמה, v. נְשָׁמָה. Ib. ש׳ ממש execution by fire in its real sense. Ab. Zar. I, 3 כל מיתה שיש בה ש׳ וכ׳ the anniversary of an idolater’s death with which burning (of garments &c.) was connected (at the time of burial) is considered an idolatrous festival. Num. R. s. 11, v. קָלוֹן II. R. Hash. 18ᵇ שקולה … כשריפת בית וכ׳ the death of the righteous is equal to the burning of the Temple; a. fr.—[Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᶜ bot. שריפה, v. שְׂרִיפָה.]—Pl. שְׂרֵיפוֹת. Pes. 75ᵃ (ref. to Lev. XXI, 9) תשרף לרבות כל ש׳ הבאות וכ׳ ‘shall be burned’, this includes all burnings which are the result of fire (e.g. death through molten lead). Lev. R. s. 16 בוא וראה כמה ש׳ הוא שורף come and see how many fires it (the tongue) kindles (how much destruction it causes); a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁרַפְרַף (Shaf. of רפרף, v. רָפַף) a sort of camp stool. Kel. XXII, 3. Ḥag. 14ᵃ (ref. to Dan. VII, 9) כסא … ש׳ להדום רגליו a throne to sit on, and a sh’rafraf for his footstool. Pesik. R. s. 20 מתגלגלים … אדני ש׳ the wheels of his throne roll, and the rests of the footstool tremble.—V. שַׁרְשִׁיפָא. ↗ expanded

שָׁרַץ to bring forth moving creatures. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXVII המים … והן שׁוֹרְצִין the waters are the work of his hand, and they beget life. Hif. הִשְׁרִיץ same, to cast young, breed. Ex. R. s. 10 צפרדע … הִשְׁרִיצָה וכ׳ there was one frog, and it bred and filled the land &c.; Snh. 67ᵇ; Yalk. Ex. 183. Lev. R. s. 13 מה … מַשְׁרֶצֶת וכ׳ as the scorpion casts sixty at a time &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

שֶׁרֶץ Shaf. of רוץ) moving creature, esp. unclean reptile. Tosef. Taan. I, 8 אם יהא הש׳ בידו וכ׳ if a man has a reptile in his hand, he cannot become clean, even if he bathe &c.; השליך הש׳ וכ׳ when he throws the reptile out of his hand, a bath in a basin of forty S’ah avails him (fasting without restitution is of no avail); Y. ib. II, beg. 65ᵃ; Bab. ib. 16ᵃ. Erub. 13ᵇ היה מטהר את הש׳ וכ׳ could prove a reptile to be clean with one hundred and fifty reasons (was a dialectician). Snh. 17ᵃ אין … לטהר ש׳ וכ׳ none could be seated in the Sanhedrin, unless he could prove the cleanness of a reptile from Biblical texts; a. fr.—Pl. שְׁרָצִים. Sabb. XIV, 1 שמנה ש׳ וכ׳ the eight reptiles mentioned in the Torah (Lev. XI, 29, sq.). Yoma 22ᵇ, v. פַּרְנָס; a. fr.—פרשת ש׳ the section treating of unclean animals, in Sifra Sh’mini. ↗ expanded

שִׁרְצָא , a creeping (short-legged) animal. B. Kam. 80ᵃ, v. חַרְצָא I a. חַרְזָא. ↗ expanded

שָׂרָק paint, v. סָרָק. ↗ expanded

שָׁרַק onomatop.) to hiss, whistle; to quack. Ex. R. s. 10 צפרדע … ושָׁרְקָה להם וכ׳ there was one frog, and it quacked for them (other frogs), and they came; Snh. 67ᵇ; Yalk. Ex. 183. ↗ expanded

שְׁרַק Targ. Lam. II, 15, sq. Targ. Job XXVII, 23.—Ḥull. 63ᵃ ההוא … כרבא וש׳ one (bird raḥam) sat among cabbage and whistled. Ib. יתיב אמידי ושָׁרֵיק רקרק Ar. (ed. ועביד שרקרק, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. notes 40, 50) sits on some object (not on the ground), and sings raḳraḳ; אי יתיב אערעא ושריק וכ׳ when it sits on the ground and sings, the Messiah will come; Yalk. Lev. 537. ↗ expanded

שְׁרַק 2 = שְׁרַג, to glide, slide. Nidd. 3ᵇ מיא שָׁרְקֵי וכ׳ water (when poured out of an inclined vessel) slides, but fruits do not slide (and you must invert the vessel in order to empty it). Ḥull. 111ᵃ דמא מִשְׁרַק שָׁרֵיק (Ms. R. 2, a. Ar. משרג שריג, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 60) blood glides off, v. סְרַךְ II. Pa. שָׁרֵיק to cause to slip, make slippery. B. Kam. 30ᵇ top תבנו … דמְשָׁרְקֵי the Mishnah speaks of straw and stubble (deposited in the public road), because they make the ground slippery. Ithpa. אִשְׁתָּרֵק, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּרִיק, אִישְּׁרִיק to slip, glide. Zeb. 62ᵃ דלא נִשְׁתָּרְקוּ (Rashi to Ex. XXVII, 5 יִשְׁתָּרְגוּ) that the priests might not slip. Ḥull. 52ᵃ כל מידי דמִישְּׁרִיק וכ׳ (some ed. דמִשְּׁ׳, Rashi דמִשְׁתְּרִיק; Ms. H. דמשתריג … לא סריג וכ׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 90) in the case of an animal falling on things which slide (e.g. a pile of peas &c.), no internal injury is to be apprehended, but if it falls on things which do not slide &c. ↗ expanded

שְׁרַק 3 (v.סָרַק III) to paint; to paste (with red or yellow clay). Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᶜ top דשָׁרְקָא אפה who paints her face (on the Sabbath); דש׳ מעזלה who paints her yarn (to rub her face with it; v. Tosef. Sabb. IX (X), 13, quot. s. v. סָרָק). Ned. 90ᵃ top שַׁרְקֵיה טינא וכ׳ he painted the man’s face with clay (to disguise him), and brought him &c.; (Tosaf.: he smeared clay over his garments). Bets. 32ᵇ דמר שָׁרְקִין ליה תנורא וכ׳ that they smear (fill up the cracks of) the stove for you on the Holy Day.—Part. pass. שְׁרִיקָא. Ab. Zar. 31ᵃ ש׳ וחתימא pasted with clay and sealed. ↗ expanded

שִׁרְקָא , v. שִׁירְקָא ↗ expanded

שַׁרְקוּקִיתָה (שְׁרַק I) whistle, shepherd’s pipe. Y. Kidd. I, 60ᵇ top (v. פַּנְדּוּרָה, a. כַּרְכַּשְׁתָּא I). ↗ expanded

שְׁרַקְרִיק , v. next w. ↗ expanded

שְׁרַקְרַק (שְׁרַק III, cmp. יְרַקְרֵיקָא; popular etymol. fr. שְׁרַק I, q. v.) name of an unclean bird, gier-eagle or vulture. Ḥull. 63ᵃ (Ms. R. 2 a. 3 שְׁרִיקְרִיק, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 30), v. רָחָם; Yalk. Lev. 537 שרקריק. sh’raḳraḳ, the sound produced by the bird sh’raḳraḳ. Ḥull. l. c. ועביד ש׳ (Ms. M. שריקריק; Ar. ושריק רקרק); Yalk. l. c. ועביד שרקריק. ↗ expanded

שְׁרַקְרְקָא , name of a bird. Targ. Y. Lev. XI, 18 (ed. Vien. שַׁרְקָרְקָא); Deut. XIV, 17. ↗ expanded

שָֹרַר (b. h.) to be great, to rule. Hithpa. הִשְׂתָּרֵר to make one’s self lord; (homilet.; cmp. שִׁרְבֵּב) to stretch one’s self. Yoma 9ᵇ (play on מהשֹתֹרֹעֹ, Is. XXVIII, 20) קצר מצע זה מֵהִשְׂ֗תָּ֗רֵר עליו שני רׄעׄים כאחד this couch is too narrow for two lovers to stretch themselves on it (Ms. O. a. Yalk. Is. 302 מהשתרע, v. שָׂרַע); Snh. 103ᵇ מִלְּהִשְׂתָּרֵר. ↗ expanded

שָׁרָר , with suffix שָׁרְר׳; שרר to knot, chain) navel, umbilical cord. Num. R. s. 1⁴ (ref. to Cant. VII, 3) והיא משולה בש׳ and it (the Sanhedrin) is compared to the navel; מה הש׳ הזה וכ׳ as the navel is placed in the centre of the body, so are the Sanhedrin &c.; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 2 (in parallels טיבור). Ib. מה הש׳ הזה … ומן הש׳ הוא אוכל וכ׳ as with regard to the umbilical cord, so long as the child is in its mother’s womb, its mouth is closed, and it is fed from the umbilical cord, so &c. Tanḥ. Thazr. 5 שׁוֹרְרוֹ יוצא עמו וכ׳ its navel comes out with it (the infant) …, and the mother has to cut it off. ↗ expanded

שְׁרַר (preced.) to chain, knot.—Part. pass. שָׁרִיר, q. v. Pa. שָׁרֵיר to make strong, hard. Sabb. 74ᵇ מהו דתימא לשָׁרוּרֵי מנא וכ׳ you may have thought that (by putting a green plug into a stove) he intends to make of it a hard coulter (v. מָאנָא); Ab. Zar. 38ᵃ Ithpa. אִשְׁתָּרֵיר to become hard. Nidd. 48ᵇ top אִשְׁתָּרוּר דדיך Var. Ar. ed. Koh. s. v. כרף thy breasts have become hard, v. שְׁדַר II, a. כְּרף. ↗ expanded

שְׂרָרָה (שָׂרַר) rulership, authority, office. Y. Peah VIII, 21ᵃ לומר שכל ש׳ שניתנה וכ׳ to indicate that what authority is given to a man, is given by the Law. Lev. R. s. 20 (in the prayer of the high priest on the Day of Atonement) ואל יגביהו ישראל ש׳ וכ׳ and let Israel not assume high power one over the other; רבנן דקסרין … שלא יגביהו ש׳ the Rabbis of Cæsaræa say, (he prayed,) ‘concerning our brethren in Cæsaræa, that they may not assume authority’; Y. Yoma V, 42ᶜ top. Ib. VI, 43ᵈ top שברח מן הש׳ who fled in order not to take an office; ib. שלא נכנס לש׳ who did not enter office. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᶜ top אדם שהוא עתיד להנהיג ש׳ וכ׳ a man (Joshua) designated to exercise rulership over six hundred thousand men, does not know how to distinguish &c.? Cant. R. to IV, 7 מת ראובן נתנה ש׳ וכ׳ when Ruben died, the leadership was offered to Simeon; Num. R. s. 13⁸. Shek. V, 2 אין עושין ש׳ על הצבור פחות משנים Y. ed. (Mish. בממון פחות וכ׳) no office for communal (money) affairs must be created with less than two officers; B. Bath. 8ᵇ שְׂרָרוּת; a. fr.—V. סְרָרָה. ↗ expanded

שְׂרָרוּת , v. preced. ↗ expanded

שְׂרָרוּתָא B. Bath. 8ᵇ מאי ש׳ וכ׳ what is the power (of charity officers, that two must be appointed)? (v. preced.) … Because you may seize a man’s goods for the charity tax.—V. סְרָרוּתָא. ↗ expanded

שררתיה , Tanḥ. Aḥăré 1, קו ש׳, v. קוֹשַׁרְתָּא ↗ expanded

שֹׁרֶשׁ , v. שָׁרָר) [chain, knot,] root. — Pl. שֳׁרָשִׁים, שֳׁרָשִׁין; constr. שָׁרְשֵׁי, שׁוֹרְשֵׁי. B. Bath. V, 4 העולה … ומן הש׳ וכ׳ that which shoots forth out of the trunk, or out of the roots, belongs to the landowner (v. גֶּזַע), expl. ib. 82ᵃ כל שאינו … זהו מן הש׳ that which does not see the light of day (when it shoots forth) is out of the roots’. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 43ᵃ top; Y. Taan. I, 64ᵇ ש׳ חטה the roots of wheat; ש׳ תאנה of fig-trees. Tosef. Shebi. VII, 17; ‘Uktsin I, 4, v. קוֹלָס. Ab. III, 17 וְשֳׁרָשָׁיו מרובין whose roots are many; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שֹׁרֶשׁ ² Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXIX, 17. Targ. Job XIV, 8 (Ms. pl.).—Pl. שָׁרְשִׁין, שִׁוֹ׳. Ib. XVIII, 16. Targ. Is. LIII, 2. Targ. Ps. LXXX, 10 שׁוֹרָשֵׁיהוֹן (Ms. שׁוֹרְשְׁיָיהָא). ↗ expanded

שָׁרַשׁ (b. h.), Hif. הִשְׁרִישׁ (denom. of שֹׁרֶשׁ) to take root. Shebi. II, 7 שהִשְׁרִישׁוּ לפני וכ׳ which have taken root before the New Year; R. Hash. 13ᵇ. Ib.; Tosef. Shebi. II, 5 ומקצתו ה׳ לאחר וכ׳ and part of which took root after the New Year; a. fr. Pi. שֵׁרֵשׁ to uproot, tear out. Ib. 11, sq. אין … לשָׁרֵשׁ וכ׳ we do not force him to tear out &c. Shebi. IV, 4 יְשָׁרֵשׁ he must take it out with the root, opp. יגום, v. גָּמַם. B. Bath. 80ᵇ חופר ומְשָׁרֵשׁ he has the right to dig and take them out with the roots; Taan. 25ᵇ חופר … ומְשָׁרֵישׁ. Hithpa. הִשְׁתָּרֵשׁ, Nithpa. נִשְׁתָּרֵשׁ to be uprooted, plucked out. Tanḥ. M’tsorʿa 2 (ref. to Ps. LII, 7) דואג נ׳ וכ׳ Doeg was rooted out of the life of this world and of the hereafter. (of roots) to spread. Num. R. s. 14⁴ (ref. to Koh. XII, 11) כשם … מִשְׁתָּרְשִׁים … ומשתרשים וכ׳ as roots of a tree spread in all directions, so the words of the Law enter and penetrate the whole body; (Pesik. R. s. 3 משתילים). (v. next w.) to gain, profit (cmp. רָוַח). B. Kam. 67ᵇ sq. מפני שנ׳ בחטא because he became the gainer in sin (he gained possession of the stolen object by a change of form or ownership, v. שִׁינּוּי); אילימא לפני יאוש מי איכא נ׳ if you mean (that he slaughtered or sold it) before the owner had given it up (v. יֵאוּשׁ): there is no gain in sin in the case (since he has not gained possession through the change). ↗ expanded

שְׁרַשׁ Af. אַשְׁרֵישׁ same, to take root. Men. 68ᵇ מהנך דאַשְׁרוּשׁ וכ׳ of that barley that has taken root before the ʿOmer time. Gitt. 22ᵃ בדאשרוש כולי וכ׳ when the planted trees have taken root, all agree (that they are subject to tithes); a. e. Pa. שָׁרֵשׁ to cause to take root, plant. Targ. Ps. LXXX, 10. to uproot, tear out. Targ. Koh. III, 2. Paeli. שָׁרְשִׁי (v. P. Sm. 4340) [to expand,] to bring profit, benefit. M. Kat. 12ᵃ כיון … שָׁרָשׁוּיְי … מְשָׁרְשׁוּ ליה וכ׳ since they receive no wages, they (by working for him during the festive week) only intend to benefit him. Ithpe. אִישְּׁרִישׁ to be uprooted. B. Bath. 82ᵃ למחפר ולמִשְּׁרַשׁ קיימי ed. (Ms. M. לחפור ולשרש Hebr.) they are liable to be dug for and taken out (when they cease to bear fruit). Ib. למיחפר ולשרש (corr. acc., or לחפור ולשרש). Ithpaeli. אִשְׁתָּרְשִׁי to be profitable; א׳ ל־ to profit. Gitt. 35ᵃ א׳ לה מקום דינר (Rashi אשתרש) she saved as much dough (in the bread which she gave away) as would have been in the space which was occupied by the Denar (that came into it). Ib. 44ᵃ; Ḥull. 131ᵃ קא מִשְׁתָּרְשֵׁי ליה he is benefited (by being released from a debt). B. Mets. 42ᵇ והא קא משתרשי ליה but did he not have the benefit (of using his neighbor’s cuscuta for brewing and saving his own? why, then, should he not indemnify his neighbor?). Keth. 108ᵃ הא קא משתרשי ליה is he (for whom the debt was paid) not benefited? (better הא קא מְשָׁרְשֵׁי ליה does he who pays the debt for him not benefit him?, v. supra). ↗ expanded

שֹׁרְשָׁא , v. שֹׁרֶשׁ ch. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְשׁוּם Sharshum. B. Bath. 32ᵇ רבה בר ש׳ Ms. M. (ed. רבא; Ms. H. שרשו, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). ↗ expanded

שִׁרְשׁוּרָא , v. שִׁישׁוּרָא ↗ expanded

שָׁרְשִׁי , Paeli of שְׁרַשׁ. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְשִׁיפָא (= שרשריפא, redupl. of שרף, Shaf. of רפף, v. שְׁרַפְרַף) camp-stool, chair. Sabb. 129ᵃ לרבה צלחו ליה ש׳ (Ms. M. שרשפא) for Rabbah they chopped up a chair (for kindling wood for the preparation of the Sabbath meals). Keth. 61ᵃ רב פפא אש׳ for R. P. his wife placed the cup on a chair. Ber. 24ᵃ ↗ expanded

שרשך , v. שֵׁר ↗ expanded

שִׁרְשֵׁר (v. שָׁרַר) to form ropes, curls. Shebi. IV, 10 משיְשַׁרְשְׁרוּ Ar., v. שִׁלְשֵׁל II. ↗ expanded

שַׁרְשֶׁרֶת preced.) twisted chain. Cant. R. to IV, 4 שתי ש׳ גבלות וכ׳ the two twisted chains &c. Midd. III, 8 ש׳ של זהב golden rope (ladders). ↗ expanded

שָׁרַת , Pi. שֵׁרֵת (b. h.; [to dwell with,] to serve, minister, attend. Y. Erub. V, beg. 22ᵇ (ref. to I Sam. III, 1) והלא לא מְשָׁרֵת אלא לפני עלי but did not he minister before Eli only? ללמדך שכל שירות שש׳ וכ׳ to teach thee that all the ministrations that he rendered to Eli were accounted to him as if he had ministered before the Lord; (Midr. Sam. ch. VIII היה עומד). Ber. 63ᵇ הושע … משרת תחתיך Hoshea … shall serve in thy stead; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁרֵת (infin. Pi., preced.) service, ministration. Sot. II, 1, a. fr. כלי ש׳ vessels dedicated to the Temple service, sacred vessels.—מלאכי הש׳ ministering angels, v. מַלְאָךְ. ↗ expanded

שרתא Yalk. Gen. 115, v. שָׁרִיתָא ↗ expanded

שִׁרְתּוּעַ (Shaf. of רתע; cmp. Syr. רתיע pendulus, P. Sm. 3998) furcated spear. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 14 הש׳ … אחת משניהן וכ׳ a (fuller’s) fork … one of whose teeth was broken off and replaced by &c. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. I, 12, v. טַרְכֵּשׁ.—Esp. [pendule,] a furcated piece suspended under the head of an animal to prevent it from bending its head in order to suck. Y. Sabb. V, end, 7ᶜ (defining גימון) שִׁרְתּוּעָה (Chald.; ed. Krot. שרתי׳). Gen. R. s. 87, end נתנה ש׳ של ברזל וכ׳ she (Potiphar’s wife) put an iron shirtuʿa under his chin in order that he (Joseph) should have his head lifted up and look at her; Tanḥ. Vayesheb 8; Yalk. Ps. 863 שרתע (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שִׁרְתּוּעָה v. preced. ↗ expanded

שרתיעה , v. שִׁרְתּוּעַ ↗ expanded

שֵׁשׁ 1 (b. h.) marble, v. שַׁיִשׁ. ↗ expanded

שֵׁשׁ 2 (b. h.) white linen. Yoma 71ᵇ דברים שנאמר בהן שש … ששה וכ׳ those things concerning which shesh is used are woven of a sixfold thread, where moshzar is added, of an eightfold thread. Ib. מאי משמע דהאי שש כיתנא הוא what evidence is there that that shesh (Ex. XXXIX, 27) means flax? Y. Kil. IX, beg. 31ᵈ (ref. to Ex. XXXIX, 28; 29, a. Ez. XLIV, 18) את דרש שש משש שש מפארי ופארי מפארי you learn the meaning of shesh (in האבנט שש משזר) from shesh (in פארי מגבעות שש), and the meaning of this shesh from פארי (in ופארי פשתים Ez. l. c.), and the meaning of this paăré from paăré (in פארי מגבעות, Ex. l. c.). Midr. Prov. to ch. XXXI, 22 זו … שהיה מרוקם בשש וארגמן that is Bathsheba of whom came Solomon who was clad in embroidered garments of white linen and purple; Yalk. ib. 964. Cant. R. to IV, 12 (ref. to Ez. XVI, 10) תחת שש ועזים as a reward for the offering of white linen and goats’ hair (Ex. XXV, 4); a. e. ↗ expanded

שֵׁשׁ six. Pes. V, 1 (58ᵃ) בששה ומחצה (Y. a. Bab. ed. בשש) at six hours and a half (from sunrise). Y. ib. IV, beg. 30ᶜ משש שעות ולמעלן after six hours (noon); משש שעות ולמען before noon. Yoma 21ᵇ שש אשות הן there are six kinds of fire. Pes. 49ᵇ ש׳ דברים נאמרו וכ׳ six things have been said concerning ignorant people; a. v. fr.—Constr. m. שֵׁשֶׁת. Snh. 97ᵃ; Ab. Zar. 9ᵃ; v. שָׁנָה II; a. fr.—Pl. שִׁשִּׁים sixty. B. Kam. 58ᵇ סאה בש׳ סאין the damage to a field of one S’ah is assessed by calculation from a field of sixty S’ahs (so as to arrive at a fair estimate). Ib. בש׳ taking as a basis for calculation sixty times the quantity under dispute; ib. 59ᵃ; a. e.—Ḥull. 97ᵇ בש׳ (sub. בטל) is neutralized in a quantity sixty times as large. Ex. R. s. 1 ש׳ בכרס אחד sixty at one birth. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᶜ top ש׳ רבוא sixty myriads. Succ. 51ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שִׁשִּׁי preced.) sixth. Gen. R. s. 11 בש׳ נברא וכ׳ on the sixth day man and beast were created. Gen. R. s. 12. Taan. IV, 3; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שַׁשְׁיַין pl. = אֲשִׁישְׁיַין. Targ. Y. I Ex. XVI, 31 כש׳ Ar. (ed. כאש׳). Targ. Y. II, Num. XI, 8 Ar. (ed. בש׳, strike out ב). ↗ expanded

שִׁשִּׁים , v. שֵׁשׁ III ↗ expanded

שַׁשְׁיַן , v. שַׁשְׁיַין ↗ expanded

שִׁשִּׁית , v. שִׁשִּׁי ↗ expanded

שָׁשִׁיתָא , v. אֲשָׁשִׁיתָא ↗ expanded

שֵׁשַׁךְ (b. h.) Sheshach, surname of Babylonia (supposed permutation of בבל by Atbash, v. א"ת). Num. R. s. 18²¹, v. א"ת. Meg. 6ᵃ, v. רַקַּת. בר ש׳ pr. n. m. Bar Sheshach, a Persian officer. Ab. Zar. 65ᵃ Ms. M. (ed. שֵׁישַׁךְ). ↗ expanded

שָׁשַׁר (b. h.) red paint, vermilion. Yalk. Dan. 1061 ועושים להם בש׳ and painted it (the idol) with vermilion; (Lev. R. s. 33 וחוקקין אותם, add. בש׳). ↗ expanded

שֵׁשֶׁת 1 constr. of שִׁשָּׁה. ↗ expanded

שֵׁשֶׁת 2 Shesheth, name of a renowned Babylonian Amora. Y. Yeb. II, 3ᶜ bot.; ib. III, 4ᵈ bot. Ber. 12ᵇ top. Ib. 16ᵃ. Ib. 58ᵃ רב ש׳ סגי וכ׳ R. Sh. was blind; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׁת foundation. — Pl. שָׁתוֹת. Snh. 26ᵇ היכא … דאיקרי ש׳ where do we find that the righteous men are called foundations? (Answ. ref. to I Sam. II, 8 וישת וכ׳); Yalk. Ps. 653. ↗ expanded

שֵׁת (b. h.) pr. n. m. Seth, son of Adam. Num. R. s. 14¹² he called him שת שממנו הושתת העולם Seth (foundation), because with him the world’s foundation was laid. Cant. R. to VIII, 9; a. e. ↗ expanded

שִׁת , pl. שִׁתִּין, v. שִׁית II. ↗ expanded

שִׁתְּ , six, v. שִׁית IV. ↗ expanded

שַׁתָּא (= שנתא) = h. שָׁנָה, year. Targ. Gen. XXVI, 12. Targ. Ps. CXLIV, 13 (h. text זן); a. v. fr.—Ab. Zar. 34ᵃ, a. fr. תריסר ירחי ש׳ twelve months of the year, a regular year. Snh. 18ᵇ ועברוה … לההיא ש׳ and the Rabbis declared that year a leap-year. Lev. R. s. 34 בלילי ריש ש׳ in the night of the New Year. Ib. בסיפא דש׳ at the end of the year; a. v. fr.—Pl. שְׁנָתָא, v. שְׁנָא II. ↗ expanded

שְׁתָא , v. שְׁתֵי ↗ expanded

שָׁתַאי (שְׁתֵי I) drinker. Targ. Y. Deut. XXI, 20 (not שָׁתָאֵי).—Y. Sabb. VIII, beg. 11ᵃ או ש׳ חמר וכ׳ thou art either a wine drinker or &c.; Y. Shek. IV, 47ᶜ top שתויי (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שתאם , v. next w. ↗ expanded

שְׁתַאס (denom. of שִׁיתְאָסָא) to lay the foundation of, establish. Targ. Job XXXVIII, 4 במִשְׁתָּסִי (ed. במִשְׁתְּ׳). Af. אַשְׁתֵּס same. Targ. Ps. VIII, 3, v. שְׁתֵי II Ithpe. אִישְׁתָּאס to be founded. Ib. 38 ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. אֶשְׁתְּאַם, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שִׁתְאָסָא , v. שִׁיתְאָסָא ↗ expanded

שָׁתָה , v. שתי ↗ expanded

שְׁתוֹם , v. שְׁתָם ↗ expanded

שִׁתּוּמָא , v. sub שִׁיתּ׳. ↗ expanded

שָׁתוּק (שָׁתַק) silenced, one that is silent when reproached with spurious descent. Keth. 14ᵇ שְׁ׳ ממזרות (or ממזר) one who is silent when called a bastard; ש׳ נתינות when called a n’thini; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁתוּקָא (שְׁתַק) silence. Targ. I Chr. I, 30; Targ. Y. Gen. XXV, 14 (transl. of pr. n. דומה). ↗ expanded

שָׁתוֹקָא (preced.) silent, dumb. Targ. Ps. LVI, 1 (h. text אלם; Ms. שתיקותא, corr. acc., or שְׁתִיקְתָּא). ↗ expanded

שְׁתוּקִי (v. שָׁתוּק) one belonging to the class of שָׁתוּק, esp. an illegitimate child of unknown fatherhood. Kidd. IV, 1. Ib. 2 ש׳ כל שהוא מכיר וכ׳ a sh’thuḳi is he who knows his mother, but does not know who his father is, contrad. to אסופי. Yeb. 100ᵇ עשרה … הוולד ש׳ if ten priests stood together, and one (unknown which) separated and had intercourse, the child is a sh’thuḳi (admitted neither to inheritance nor to priesthood); Keth. 13ᵇ; a. e.—Fem. שְׁתוּקִית. Kidd. 73ᵃ אלא מעתה שתוקי ש׳ לא ישא if this be so, let a sh’thuḳi not be permitted to marry a woman whose father is unknown. Ib. בת ש׳ the daughter of a sh’thuḳith (who married a sh’thuḳi, a mamzer, etc.). Esth. R. to II, 7 (not שתוקת); a. e. ↗ expanded

שתות , Ber. 38ᵃ, v. שַׁתִּית ↗ expanded

שְׁתוּת (tradit. pronunc. שְׁתּוּת) f. (denom. of Chald. שִׁתְּ) one-sixth. B. Mets. IV, 3 ש׳ למקח one-sixth of the value of a purchased object (v. אוֹנָאָה). Ib. 49ᵇ רב אמר ש׳ מקח שנינו Rab says, the Mishnah means one-sixth of the value only; ושמואל אמר ש׳ מעות וכ׳ but Samuel says, the Mishnah means also one-sixth of the price paid (one-fifth of the value). B. Bath. 90ᵃ אין מוסיפין … יותר מש׳ you dare not decree the increase of a measure by more than one-sixth, nor of the weight of a coin &c.; המשתכר … יותר מש׳ he that makes profit (retailer) must not charge more than one-sixth profit; Men. 77ᵃ; B. Mets. 40ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁתוּתָא B. Bath. 90ᵇ ש׳ מלבר, v. בַּר I ch. Bekh. 50ᵃ דל זוזא וש׳ deduct one Zuz and a sixth. Ib. דל … שתי׳ deduct from them one-sixth; a. e. ↗ expanded

שתותיא , v. עַנְתִּיִּים ↗ expanded

שְׁתַחְוָיָה = הִשְׁתַּחְוָיָה q. v. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 43ᵈ top. ↗ expanded

שְׁתֵּי , v. שְׁנַיִם ↗ expanded

שתי (b. h.) [to be settled, satisfied,] to drink. Pes. 86ᵇ השׁוֹתֶה כוסו וכ׳ he who drinks his cupful at one draught is called greedy (גַּרְגְּרָן). Ber. 51ᵃ מקבלו … ושׁוֹתֵהוּ בשמאל he must receive it (the medicine, v. אִסְפַּרְגּוֹס) with his right hand, and drink it (take it to his lips) with his left hand. Ib.ᵇ השותה כפלים he who drinks an even number of cups (v. זוּג). Tosef. Sot. XV, 11; B. Bath. 60ᵇ כשחרב … ושלא לִשְׁתּוֹת יין when the Temple was destroyed, … there were many scrupulous persons (פרושים, determined) not to eat meat nor drink wine. Ib. נִשְׁתֶּה יין וכ׳ should we drink wine, of which libations were offered on the altar? Ib. מים לא נשתה וכ׳ then let us drink no water, because water libation has ceased. Keth. 8ᵇ רבים שָׁתוּ רבים יִשְׁתּוּ many have drank (the cup of mourning), many shall drink, v. מִשְׁתֶּה. Nidd. 24ᵇ כמה … שָׁתַת אמו וכ׳ how much unmixed wine the mother of this embryo must have drunk!; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁתוּי being under the influence of drink. Erub. 64ᵃ שְׁתוּי יין אל וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. only שָׁ׳) one feeling the wine must not pray, contrad. to שִׁכּוֹר, q. v. Lev. R. s. 12 שנכנסו שְׁתוּיֵי יין וכ׳ they (Nadab and Abihu) entered the Tabernacle while under the influence of wine; a. fr.—[Hif. from שָׁקָה q. v.] ↗ expanded

שְׁתֵי Targ. Gen. IX, 21. Targ. I Sam. XXX, 12; a. fr.—Targ. Deut. XXXIII, 22 שַׁתְיָא (Y. II שתימין, corr. acc.).—Y. Shek. IV, 47ᶜ top כד הוה שָׁתֵי וכ׳ when he had drunk the four cups of wine on the Passover night &c.; Y. Sabb. VIII, beg. 11ᵃ; Y. Pes. X, 37ᶜ. Erub. 64ᵃ כל כמה דלא שָׁתֵינָא וכ׳ so long as I have not drunk a fourth (of a Log) of wine, my mind is not clear. Sabb. 152ᵃ עד … מכאן ואילך מִשְׁתֵּי מעלי up to forty years eating is more salutary, after that drinking is more salutary. R. Hash. 4ᵃ כלבתא בת משתי חמרא היא (ed. משתיא) does a bitch drink wine?; Yalk. Neh. 1069 מי שַׁתְיָא חמרא; a. fr.—With prefixed אִשְׁתֵּי ׃א, אִישְׁ׳. Targ. O. Ex. XXXIV, 28 ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. שתי); Y. אש׳. Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 14 אִישְׁתְּ (ed. Vien. אֵשְׁתְּ) imperative; a. fr.—Erub. 54ᵃ חטוף … ואִישְׁתֵּי make haste and eat, make haste and drink (enjoy life, v. חֲטַף). Lev. R. s. 12 עשרה … אִישְׁתֵּית thou drankest ten &c., v. קִיסְטָא I. Yeb. 65ᵇ אִישְׁתִּיָא סמא וכ׳ she drank a drug causing barrenness; a. fr.—R. Hash. 4ᵃ מִשְׁתָּיֵא, v. supra. Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּתֵי to be drunk. Targ. O. Lev. XI, 34 דיִשְׁתְּתֵי (Y. דיִשְׁתֵּיתֵי; h. text יִשָּׁתֶה). ↗ expanded

שתי ² [to settle,] to lay the foundation of; v. שָׁתַת II. to fix the warp, start the loom, v. שְׁתִי. Hif. הִשְׁתָּה to found, establish, v. שָׁתַת II. to weave. Midr. Sam. ch. XIX (ref. to נסכתי, Ps. II, 6) הִשְׁתֵּיתִיו I have woven him (established him, ref. to מסכת, Jud. XVI, 14); Yalk. Is. 338; Yalk. Ps. 620 השיתיו (corr. acc.). Hof. הוּשְׁתָּה to be established, started. Y. Yoma V, 42ᶜ, v. שְׁתִיָּה II; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁתָּה same. Tosef. Yoma III (II), 6 ed. Zuck. (Var. נשתת), v. שָׁתַת II ↗ expanded

שְׁתֵי ² , to weave. Targ. Jud. XVI, 13 תִּשְׁתִּין (ed. Lag. a. oth. תִּשְׁתִּן, not תַּן …). Af. אַשְׁתֵּי , (Pe. with prefixed א) אִשְׁתֵּי, אִישְׁ׳ same, to start the loom, weave. Targ. Ps. CXXXIX, 13 אַשְׁתְּיָת, ed. Wil. (ed. Lag. אִישְׁתְּיָית; h. text תסכני). Targ. Job X, 11.—Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᶜ top כד מַשְׁתָּיָיא וכ׳, v. קוּבְיָה. Y. Taan. IV, 64ᶜ דלא למִישְׁתָּיֵיא מן וכ׳ not to start a loom from the beginning of the month of Ab; Y. Pes. IV, 30ᵈ top; Yalk. Ps. 653 למשתי יינא (corr. acc.). to found, establish. Targ. Ps. VIII, 3 ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. אַשְׁתֵּסְ׳, not אִ׳, v. שְׁתַאס; h. text יסד). ↗ expanded

שְׁתִי preced.) warp; trnsf. longitudinal direction, v. עֵרֶב. Y. Shek. VI, 50ᵃ top כחוט של ש׳ as thin as a thread of the warp. Mikv. VI, 9 כותל … שנסדק לש׳ a wall … which is cracked lengthwise; a. fr.—ש׳ וערב crosswise, v. עֵרֶב. ↗ expanded

שִׁתְיָא Targ. Lev. XIII, 48, sq.—Ab. Zar. 17ᵇ, v. עַרְבָא I. ↗ expanded

שַׁתְיָא I, part. of שְׁתֵי. ↗ expanded

שַׁתְיָא 2 = h. שְׁתִיָּה II, foundation. Targ. Koh. III, 11. Targ. Y. Ex. XXVIII, 30 שְׁתִיָּה (Hebr. form). ↗ expanded

שְׁתִיָּה drinking, satiety, gratification. Yoma VIII, 1 יום … באכילה ובש׳ וכ׳ on the Day of Atonement it is forbidden to eat, or to drink &c. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵇ bot. Succ. 49ᵇ; Num. R. s. 21¹⁷ לשין ש׳ וכ׳ (the word שֵׁכָר) expresses gratification, satiety &c., v. שְׂבִיעָה, a. רְוִיָּיה; (Y. Succ. IV, 54ᵈ top חיבה, v. חִבָּה). Nidd. 24ᵇ מי ששְׁתִיָּיתוֹ מרובה וכ׳ he that drinks more than he eats &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁתִיָּה ² (שָׁתָה II) foundation. Yalk. Ps. 653 שְׁתִיַּית עולם, v. מַשְׁתִּית. Ib.; Yoma V, 2 משניטל הארון … וש׳ וכ׳ since the Ark disappeared, there was a stone in its place, … which was called foundation stone; Snh. 26ᵇ. Y. Yoma V, 42ᶜ למה … אבן ש׳ שממנה הושתה העולם why was it called foundation stone? Because from it was the world founded (or started, v. שָׁתָה II); Lev. R. s. 20; Yoma 54ᵇ שממנה הושתת וכ׳; Tosef. Yoma III (II), 6; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁתַיי , v. שָׁתאי ↗ expanded

שְׁתִיָּיה , v. שְׁתִיָּה ↗ expanded

שְׁתֵיךְ , v. שְׁתַךְ ↗ expanded

שְׁתֵיל , v. שְׁתַל ↗ expanded

שָׁתִיל (b. h.) plant, set, v. שֹׁתֶל. ↗ expanded

שָׁתִיל ² —Pl. שְׁתִילִין, שְׁתִילַיָּיא. Targ. Ps. CXXVIII, 3. Targ. Jer. XXXI, 5 (ed. Lag. שִׁיתְלִין; h. text נֹטְעִים). ↗ expanded

שְׁתַּיִם , v. שְׁנַיִם ↗ expanded

שְׁתִימָה (שָׁתַם) boring, opening. Tosef. Ab. Zar. VII (VIII), 15 אם … על הש׳ (Var. השתייה incorr.) if he is suspected of taking wine out by boring a hole (and closing it up again). ↗ expanded

שְׁתֵיק , v. שְׁתַק ↗ expanded

שְׁתִיקָה (שָׁתַק) silence. Yeb. 87ᵇ, a. fr. ש׳ כהודאה דמיא silence is tantamount to admission. Zeb. 115ᵇ פעמים … על הש׳ וכ׳ at times one keeps silence and is rewarded for his silence, at times one speaks &c. Ab. III, 13, v. סְיָיג. Pes. 99ᵃ יפה ש׳ לחכמים וכ׳ silence becometh the wise, how much more the stupid; Treat. Der. Er. Zuṭṭa ch. VII. Sot. 39ᵃ (ref. to Neh. VIII, 5) אין עמידה אלא ש׳ standing means being silent; a. fr.—Y. Ḥag. II, 78ᵃ; Tosef. ib. II, 12; Bets. 20ᵇ מה זו ש׳ what does silence mean? (i.e. better be silent). ↗ expanded

שְׁתִיקוּת f. same. Gitt. IV, 8 אומר לה שְׁתִיקוּתָיךְ יפה וכ׳ he may say to her, silence is more profitable to thee than speech (by raising your claim you may endanger your legal status); Yeb. 65ᵃ ↗ expanded

שְׁתִיקוּתָא Targ. Ps. XXII, 3 (h. text דומיה). Ib. XCIV, 17 (some ed. שִׁתְקוּ׳; h. text דומה); a. e.—Taan. 9ᵇ קביל עליה ש׳ he resolved to keep silence. Ber. 62ᵃ, v. קִבְלָא III; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁתִּית f. h. = next w. Sabb. 156ᵃ; Ber. 38ᵃ שתות (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

שַׁתִּיתָא (Syr. שחתיתא, P. Sm. 4130; cmp. שַׁחַת II) flour of unripe barley mixed with honey; also a drink prepared of flour &c. (cmp. Lat. ptisana). Erub. 29ᵇ ש׳ … תרי וכ׳ for shattitha … take two ladlefuls of roasted barley &c. Ber. 38ᵃ. Ab. Zar. 38ᵇ שתיתאה (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. notes 9, 10); Yalk. Sam. 151 שתיתא. Snh. 67ᵇ אמר … קריבו ש׳ he said to them, give me a drink of water, and they offered him shattitha; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁתִּיתָאָה , v. preced. ↗ expanded

שְׁתִיתָאָה (שִׁתָּא) sixth. Targ. O. Gen. I, 31 תָי … ed. Berl. (oth. ed. a. Y. תָאי …, not תָאִי …, תָאֵי …). Targ. II Sam. III, 5; a. fr.—Fem. שְׁתִיתֵיתָא. Targ. Ex. XXVI, 9; a. e. ↗ expanded

שָׁתַךְ (sec. r. of נ־שך; cmp. שׁוּכְתָּא) to become rust-eaten, rust-colored. Taan. 8ᵃ (ref. to אם ישוך הנחש וכ׳, Koh. X, 11) אם … מְשַׁתְּכִין עליו כנחשת וכ׳ Rashi (ed. omitting עליו) when thou seest a generation over whom the heavens are rust-colored like copper, so as to let down no dew or rain; (Ar. מְשׁוּתָּכִין; Ms. M. 2 רקיע שמְשַׁתֶּכֶת וכ׳ …; ed. Pes. a. oth. דור שמשתכין שמשותן a generation whose suns are red-colored &c.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5). ↗ expanded

שָׁתַךְ ² , to be rust-bitten. B. Mets. 26ᵃ top דשְׁתִיךְ טפי (Ar. דאִשְׁתִּיךְ, with prefixed א) when the coin found in the ground is very much attacked by rust (showing that it has been in the ground a very long time). Pa. שׁתֵּךְ to make rusty, brittle. B. Bath. 19ᵃ משום דמְשַׁתְּכֵי לה לקדרה because they (the boulders, v. סֶלַע) would eat away the pot (placed between them). to get rusty. Sabb. 102ᵇ כיון דמְשַׁתְּכֵי וכ׳ they would not do that (keep their needles in a hole in the ground), because they would get rusty. ↗ expanded

שָׁתַל to set, plant. Yoma 38ᵇ ראה … עמד ושְׁתָלָן בכל דור ודור the Lord saw that the righteous men were few, so he planted them in every generation (distributed them &c., ref. to I Sam. II, 8; cmp. שָׁתַת II). Gen. R. s. 26; Yalk. Ps. 845 (ref. to Ps. XCII, 14) זה נח ששְׁתָלוֹ וכ׳ this refers to Noah whom the Lord planted in the ark. Gen. R. s. 61 (ref. to Ps. I, 3) ששתלו הקב"ה וכ׳ (Abraham) whom the Lord planted in the land of Israel. Snh. 37ᵇ (play on שׁלֹתֹיאֹלֹ, I Chr. III, 17 שאלת׳) ששׂתֹלוֹ אֹלֹ שלא כדרך הנִשְׁתָּלִין whom the Lord planted (caused to be begotten) not in the ordinary way of those that are planted (he having been begotten in prison); a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁתוּל; f. שְׁתוּלָה; pl. שְׁתוּלִים &c. Yalk. l. c. כגן … ש׳ מערוגה וכ׳ like a garden that is planted bed by bed; (Midr. Till. to Ps. XCII, 14 נטוע). Num. R. s. 3¹ עד שהם ש׳ הם בבית וכ׳ so long as they are planted (seated in rows), they are in the house of God, that is to say, the children at school; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁתִּיל (of roots) to spread. Pesik. R. s. 3 (ref. to Koh. XII, 11) כשם ששרשיו … מַשְׁתִּילִים לכל מקום כך … נכנסים ומשתילים וכ׳ as the roots of a tree spread in all directions, so the words of the Law enter and penetrate the whole body (Num. R. s. 14⁴ משתרשים). Nif. נִשְׁתַּל ; Hof. הוּשְׁתָּל to be planted. Snh. l. c., v. supra. Lev. R. s. 10; Cant. R. to VIII, 6 (ref. to שאלׄתׄיאל, v. supra) שממנו הוּשְׁ֗תְּ֗לָ֗ה מלכות וכ׳ from him was the dynasty of the house of David planted (procreated). Midr. Till. to Ps. IV מה היה … נִשְׁתְּלָה מבת שבע did David think that royalty would be planted from Bathsheba (that through her son the dynasty would be continued)?; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁתַל Taan. 23ᵃ כי היכי דשַׁתְלֵי … שַׁתְלִי וכ׳ as my ancestors planted for me, so I plant for my son; Yalk. Ps. 880 דשַׁתְלוּ … אִישְׁתִּיל וכ׳. Ib. אנת הוא דשתילתא (read: דשְׁתִילְתֵּיה) art thou he that planted it?; Taan. l. c. דשְׁתַלְתֵּיה; a. e.—Part. pass. שָׁתִיל; f. שְׁתִילָא; pl. שְׁתִילִין; שְׁתִילָן. Targ. Ez. XVII, 8; 10. Targ. Ps. XCII, 14; a. e.—V. שְׁתִילָא. ↗ expanded

שֹׁתֶל (preced.) set, plant. — Pl. שֳׁתָלִים, שֳתָלִין, שׁוֹתָ׳. Maasr. V, 1 חעוקר ש׳ מתוך שלו וכ׳ if one takes plants out of his own garden to set them in his own, he is exempt from tithes; Tosef. ib. III, 8 שות׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. שת׳). Ib. שְׁתִילִין ועטינין sets or young herbs; Y. ib. V, beg. 51ᶜ עטנין ושתלין. Ib. מה בין חטים מה בין ש׳ what is the difference between wheat (used for seed) and sets (with regard to tithes)? חטים גמר מלאכה ש׳ וכ׳ wheat is a finished object, sets are not; a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁתָּלָא (preced.) planter, gardener (with the right of tenancy, v. אָרִיס). B. Mets. 109ᵃ רב … ההוא ש׳ וכ׳ Rab Joseph had a certain gardener (on his farm). Ib.; B. Bath. 21ᵇ מקרי … ש׳ וכ׳ a primary teacher, a gardener, … are all considered as forewarned (may be discharged without notice); a. fr. ↗ expanded

שָׁתַם to unseal, open, esp. to bore a hole through a vessel in order to get wine out by means of a tube. Ab. Zar. V, 3, sq. כדי שיִשְׁתּוֹם ויסתום וכ׳ time sufficient to bore a hole, and close it again &c., v. נָגַב; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁתַם Part. pass. שָׁתִים; f. שְׁתִימָא. Y. Ab. Zar. V, 44ᵈ קולתא ש׳ (not קולא) a pitcher of wine that shows traces of having been bored at. ↗ expanded

שְׁתָם (preced.) boring. Tosef. Ab. Zar. VII (VIII), 13 והלא הש׳ ניכר בין למעלה וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. פשתם, פשתן, corr. acc.) would not the boring (for the sake of getting wine out) be recognized whether on the top or at the bottom?; Ab. Zar. 69ᵇ שְׁתָמוֹ Ms. M. (Rashi שִׁתּוּמוֹ; early ed. סתמו; later ed. סתומו). Tosef. l. c. 14 אם היה מכיר חותמו ושְׁתָמוֹ ed. Zuck. (Var. וסתמו; ושמו, corr. acc.) if he can identify his seal and the spot and manner of his boring (Var. וסתמו the spot and manner of his closing up); a. e. ↗ expanded

שַׁתָּם (preced.) one known to be skilled in boring and stealing wine. Tosef. Ab. Zar. VII (VIII), 14 יין אצל גוי הש׳ וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. מהסתם, הסתמם, corrupt. of המְשַׁתֵּם) if one deposited wine with a gentile who is known as an expert borer, it is forbidden &c. (v. נֶסֶךְ). ↗ expanded

שָׁתַן , Hif. הִשְׁתִּין (b. h.; , Ges. Thes. s. v.), with, or sub. מים, to urinate. Bekh. 44ᵇ ביקש להַשְׁתִּין מים ולא ה׳ needed to make water, and forewent it. Sabb. 67ᵇ (a superstitious custom) המַשְׁתֶּנֶת בפני וכ׳ who urinates before her pot that it may boil quickly; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁתַן ch., Af. אשְׁתֵּין same. B. Bath. 19ᵇ (ref. to I Kings XIV, 10) אפי׳ מידי דדרכיה לאַשְׁתּוּנֵי בקיר וכ׳ (some ed. לאִישְׁתּוּנַי) even a being which is wont to urinate against the wall I shall not leave to him: that means a dog. Bekh. 44ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שֶׁתֶן (preced.) urine. Bekh. 44ᵇ אחד מוציא ש׳ וכ׳ one channel discharges urine, and another &c. ↗ expanded

שְׁתַס , v. שְׁתַאס ↗ expanded

שָׁתַף , Pi. שִׁתֵּף (Shaf. of תף; cmp. Assyr. tappû, Del. Assyr. Handw. p. 712) to join, combine, attach; to form a partnership. Y. Taan. II, 65ᵈ שי׳ … בישראל the Lord combined his great name with Israel’s (ישר־אל). Ib. הרי אני מְשׁתֵּף וכ׳ I will have my great name bound up with theirs, that they may live. Snh. 63ᵃ כל המשתף שם שמים וכ׳ he who combines the name of God with something else (imparting divine honor to God and a material object at the same time) will be uprooted from the world; Succ. 45ᵇ. Ib. והא קא משתף וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. משתתף, corr. acc.) but (in saying, ‘unto Yah and unto thee, O altar’) does not one combine the name &c.? Ber. 63ᵃ כל המשתף … בצערו וכ׳ as for him who includes the name of God in the expression of his trouble (blesses God in his calamity), his means of support will be doubled. Ex. R. s. 42 (ref. to Ex. XXXII, 4) זה אלהים … שִׁיתְּפוּ אותו עמו (not עמהן) they did not say, ‘this (calf) is God’, but ‘these are thy gods’, they combined Him and it; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשׁוּתָּף. Y. Taan. l. c. ומה תעשה … שהוא מש׳ בנו and what wilt thou do with thy great name (Josh. VII, 9), which is embodied in ours?; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּתֵּף, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּתֵּף to be combined, to have a part in. [Succ. l. c., v. supra.] Gen. R. s. 99 בנימין שלא נ׳ במכירתו וכ׳ Benjamin, who had no part in the selling of Joseph. Tanḥ. Noah 13 (Satan said to Noah) בא ונִשְׁתַּתֵּף שנינו בכרם זה come and let us work together in this vineyard; a. e.—Esp. (Sabbath law) to form a fictitious partnership in an alley (מָבוֹי) by depositing in it some food to the expense for which the inmates of the buildings concerned contribute, contrad. to laying an ʿerub (עֵירוּב). Erub. 71ᵇ מִשְׁתַּתְּפִין במבוי ביין … להִשְׁתַּתֵּף וכ׳ the partnership in an alley is formed with wine, but if some wish to do it with bread, they may do so. Ib. מערבין בחצירות ומשתתפין במבוי you must lay an ʿerub for courts (by depositing a common object in one of the courts), and also form a partnership for the alley; או מערבין או משתתפין you may do the one or the other. Ib. III, 1 בכל מערבין ומשתתפין you may use any eatable for ʿerub or for shittuf; a. fr. ↗ expanded

שְׁתַף Targ. Ps. LXIX, 10. Pa. שַׁתֵּיף same. Targ. Cant. I, 7.—Ab. Zar. 8ᵇ תלתין … עד דשַׁתְּפִינְהוּ לישראל בהדייהו for thirty-two years did the Romans wage war with the Greeks, and could not conquer them, until they made Israel their allies. Gen. R. s. 36; Yalk. ib. 61 (the demon said to Noah) שׁוּתְּפִי עמך וכ׳ (some ed. שִׁיתְּפִי) I go into partnership with thee, but be careful &c. (v. preced.). Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּתֵּף, אִישַּׁתֵּף to be joined, make an agreement, form a partnership. Targ. Prov. V, 17. Targ. Y. Ex. XVI, 5 (v. preced. Hithpa.).—Ber. 29ᵇ sq. לעולם לִישַּׁתֵּף נפשיה וכ׳ (Ms. M. לִשְׁתַּתֵּף) man (in his prayer) should always include himself in the community (pray for all people in the same condition). Sabb. 23ᵃ מִשְׁתַּתַּפְנָא בפריטי וכ׳ (Ms. M. מִשְׁתַּתֵּיפְנָא) I used to make myself a partner by contributing some money (towards the expense of the Ḥănuckah lights); a. e. Ittof. אִשְׁתּוֹתַף same. Targ. II Esth. III, 14. ↗ expanded

שָׁתַק (b. h.) to be quiet, silent. Keth. 14ᵇ ממזר וצווח חלל ושׁוֹתֵק one who cries (protests) when called a bastard, but keeps his peace when called a ḥalal (v. חָלָל II). Sabb. 33ᵇ יוסי שש׳ וכ׳ Jose, who kept silence (when the Roman government was criticised), shall be exiled to Sepphoris. Men. 72ᵃ הוי פקח ושְׁתוֹק be wise and keep thy peace. Gen. R. s. 51 שתיקה שש׳ לאברהם וכ׳ (God remembered to Lot) the silence which he observed towards Abraham when he said &c.; a. fr. Pi. שִׁיתֵּק to cause to be silent, silence, stop. Tosef. Ḥag. II, 12 שִׁיתְּקוֹ בגערה he silenced him with a rebuke; Y. ib. II, 78ᵃ bot. ושִׁתְּקוֹ בנזיפה. Sabb. 67ᵇ המְשַׁתֶּקֶת (or המַשְׁתֶּקֶת Hif.), v. צָוַוח; Tosef. ib. VI (VII), 15 השׁוֹתֶקֶת. Ber. V, 3 האומר … מְשַׁתְּקִין אותו he who (in reading the prayers) says … modim modim (we offer thanks, twice) must be stopped (as suspected of heresy). Tanḥ. Aḥăré 9 בקש יהושע לשַׁתֵּק וכ׳ Joshua wanted to silence the sun (keep him from giving praise, ref. to Josh. X, 12); a. fr.—Esp. to deny the claim of, dismiss. Yeb. 100ᵇ מאי שתוקי … שמשתקים אותו מנכסי אביו in what respect is he considered a sh’thuḳi (v. שְׁתוּקִי)? Is it that we deny him a share in his father’s estate?; ib. משתקין אותו מדיני כהונה we deny him the privileges of priesthood (declare him a ḥalal); Keth. 13ᵇ מַשְׁתִּיקִין Hif. Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּתֵּק to stop speaking, close the argument. Gen. R. s. 49, end נ׳ הסניגור וכ׳ when the defense stops, the judge rises; עמד … נ׳ הסניגור when the judge rises, the defense is bound to stop; Yalk. ib. 84; a. e. to become speechless, be struck dumb. Gitt. VII, 1 נ׳ ואמרו לו וכ׳ if a man has lost his speech, and they say to him, shall we write a letter of divorce &c.? Y. Snh. VI, beg. 23ᵇ; Bab. Snh. 43ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded

שְׁתֵק with prefixed א: אִשְׁתּיק, אִישְׁ׳ same, to be silent. Targ. Lev. X, 3. Targ. Job XIII, 5 מִשְׁתַּק תִּשְׁתְּקוּן (ed. Lag. מִשְׁתּוֹק; Ms. מַשְׁתּוֹקי Af.). Targ. I Sam. VII, 8 (ed. Wil. תַּשְׁתִּיק Af.). Targ. Ez. XXIV, 17; a. fr.—B. Mets. 37ᵇ האי דשְׁתִיקִי וכ׳ the reason why I was silent at the claim of both &c. Keth. 14ᵇ דקרו ליה ממזר וש׳ they called him a bastard, and he kept his peace; והאי דש׳ וכ׳ and the reason why he was silent &c. Shebu. 40ᵃ, a. e. מישהא … וש׳, v. שְׁהֵי. Ib. איכא דאמרי מישתא … וש׳ some say, he was just taking a drink, and kept silence (and in the meanwhile the reporter left). Ned. 77ᵃ א"ל אי׳ he said to him, he (Rab, did not say so, but) was silent (seemed to assent); אי׳ קאמרת או שתי קאמרת dost thou say, he kept silence, or dost thou say, he was taking a drink (and he may have decided differently after thou wast gone)?; [differ. vers., v. infra]. to silence, quiet. Targ. Y. Num. XIII, 30. Targ. Ps. CXXXI, 2 (Bxt. שַׁתֵּיק׳ Pa.). Af. אַשְׁתֵּיק to be silent, v. supra. intercb. with Pa. שַׁתֵּיק to silence, quiet. Targ. Job XI, 3 (Ms. Pa.). Targ. Ez. I, 24 מְשַׁתְּקָן (not מְשַׁתְ׳; some ed. Af.).—Keth. 104ᵇ אַשְׁתִּיקָן קאמרת או אַשְׁקְיָאן קאמרת (some ed. אִישְׁ׳) (in asking me, ‘did Rab say so’?) didst thou mean to say, ‘I will silence them’ (show them my disapproval), or didst thou mean to say, ‘I will give them to drink’ (show my approval)?; Ned. l. c. (Vers. in Asheri and Tosaf.). Ber. 33ᵇ מגונה … שַׁתּוּקֵי לא מְשַׁתְּקִינָן ליה he is blameworthy, but we do not stop him (in his prayer); a. e. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּתֵּק to become mute, still. Targ. Ps. XXXI, 18 Ms. (ed. Pe.). Targ. Y. I Ex. XV, 16.—Y. Taan. IV, 68ᵈ bot. ואינון בכיי ומִשְׁתַּתְּקִין וקיימין and they (the old men among his hearers) wept, and they were quieted (by Rabbi), and they (the assembly) rose. ↗ expanded

Jastrow (original) — ש (2118)