ב

בָּבֶל (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun Babel, the city of Babylon; Babylonia, a country of varying limits, chiefly comprising Mesopotamia, a portion of Great Armenia and some neighbouring countries east of the Tigris (see Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 320). [Owing to the continued political disturbances in Palestine, Babylonia gradually became the centre of Jewish scholarship; hence both the frequent comparisons and jealousies between the East and the West (Babyl. a. Palest.); compare אֶרֶץ, חֲנַנְיָה, תַּלְמוּד. Kiddushin 69ᵇ; 71ᵇ. Sotah 49ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 19ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 6, 40ᵃ bottom of the page כי מב׳ תצא וכ׳ (sarcastic imitation of Isaiah 2, 3). Sanhedrin 24ᵃ תלמודה של ב׳ Babylonian method (Talmud). עולי ב׳ those coming from Babylonian to visit the Temple, pilgrims. Nedarim 5, 4 דבר של ע׳ ב׳ that in which pilgrims from Babylonian (i.e. Jews living abroad) have a share, as the Temple Mount etc. [Makkoth 24ᵃ, and elsewhere המונה של ב׳, read רומי as Munich manuscript; compare אֲרָמִי.] ↗ original

בַּבְלָאָה , Babylonian. Targum Joshua 7, 21 (some edition בַּבְלִי).—Shabbath 105ᵇ ב׳ O, thou Babylonian! Bava Metzia 85ᵃ גמרא ב׳ (Munich manuscript תלמודיה דבבל) the method he had learned in Babylonia; compare the preceding—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵃ bottom of the page; and frequently—plural בַּבְלָאֵי. Targum Psalms 137, 3. Chullin 45ᵃ חברין ב׳ our Babyl. colleagues. Kethuboth 75ᵃ, and frequently ב׳ טפשאי foolish Babylonians.—Fem. בַּבְלִיתָא. Targum the passage cited see 8.—plural בַּבְלָיָתָא, בַּבְלָיָיתָא. Targum 2 Esther 1, 10.—Shabbath 81ᵃ ↗ original

בַּבְלוֹן , proper noun (Βαβυλών) Babylon. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 6 (a legend about the origin of Rome) and they called it רומי ב׳ Rome-Babylon. ↗ original

בַּבְלִי (the preceding words) Babylonian. Pesachim 66ᵃ הילל הב׳ Hillel the Babylonian; and frequently—plural בַּבְלִיִּים, בַּבְלִיִּין. Yoma 66ᵇ; Menachoth 100ᵃ. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 9; Echah Rabbah to 1, 13 ספסלין מלאין ב׳ וכ׳ students’ seats in Palestine occupied by Babylonians; [for מונחי Echah Rabbah the passage cited probably to be read מומחין]. ↗ original

בַּבְלָיָיא , see בַּבְלָאָה ↗ original

בבליקון , read בָּבִילָנִיקוֹן masculine (Babylonicum) Babylonian tapestry. Yalkut Shimoni Joshua 18 פורפירא ב׳; (Bereshith Rabbah section 85 בבליא). ↗ original

בַּבְלִיתָא , see בַּבְלָאָה ↗ original

בְּבָעוּ , see בָּעוּ ↗ original

בַּבְתָּא , see בָּבִיתָא I ↗ original

בָּבְתָא , see בָּאוָת ↗ original

בַּג Ben Bag Bag. Bava Kamma 27ᵇ; and frequently Kiddushin 10ᵇ Joh. son of B. B. ↗ original

בָּגָא , see בָּאגָא ↗ original

בָּגַד see below) to act violently, to rebel, be faithless. Sanhedrin 37ᵃ (allud. to Genesis 27, 27) א"ת בְּגָדָיו אלא בּוֹגְדָיו do not read b’gadav (his garments), but bog’dav (his faithless ones). Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᵇ top; Bamidbar Rabbah section 10, beginning; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 16, see בְּגִידָה.—Mechilta Mishpatim, N’zikin 3 מאחר שב׳ בה וכ׳ (b’bigdo bah, Exodus 21, 8) since he etc., treated her contemptuously (opposite to the interpretation of בגדו as his garment, שפירש בגדו עליה he spread his bed-cloth over her). [From Targum renderings as well as from Agadic interpretations it appears that the primitive meaning of בגד (√בג) is, to tear; also to despise, corresp. to the meanings of √בז; see Targum Job 6, 5; Isaiah 33, 1; Proverbs 21, 18; Sanhedrin 94ᵃ, cit. under the word בזוזא; Esther Rabbah to 1, 10, cit. under the word בּוּז; Mechilta the passage cited; compare also K’thib בג for K’ri בַּז Ezek. 25, 7.—בֶּגֶד seems to be a piece, web, corresp. in meaning and use to φᾶρος.] ↗ original

בֶּגֶד the preceding) web, garment. Menachoth 40ᵇ היא של ב׳ וכ׳ if (the garment) itself is a web, but its borders are of leather. the same place (ibid.) the principal element ב׳ בעינן must be a web (in order to require Tsitsith). Mechilta Mishpatim, N’zikin 3, see the preceding Shabbath 26ᵇ; and frequently—plural בְּגָדִים, construct state בִּגְדֵי. Bereshith Rabbah section 20 ב׳ א"הר Adam’s garments, see אוֹר 2, 3. Yoma 60ᵇ ב׳ לבן the Highpriest’s white garments (for the Day of Atone, Leviticus 16, 4), contradistinguished to ב׳ זהב gold-embroidered etc. the same place (ibid.) 68ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original

בַּגְדָּא , see אֲוָנָא 2 ↗ original

בַּגְדַּת Bagdath (probably Eski Bagdad, Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 360), birth place of R. Ḥanna. [Kiddushin 71ᵇ, see אֲוָנָא 2.]—Hence: ↗ original

בַּגְדַתָּאָה of Bagdath. Yevamoth 67ᵃ; and elsewhere—Sukkah 52ᵇ Munich manuscript (edition באגדתא, correct accordingly). ↗ original

*בגומא , read בַּרְגִּימִינִין or בַּרְגִּימִינָא masculine plural (farcimen,—ina) stuffings of sausage, sausages. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ bottom of the page כד מקטע ב׳ when cutting the sausages through (dividing them off), see באנטרין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 4, 62ᶜ bottom of the page the sausage-maker is forbidden to work on a Holy Day משום מקטע ב׳ because he cuts the sausage-bags apart; see סיקורא. ↗ original

בְּגִידָה (בָּגַד) faithlessness, rebellion.—plural בְּגִידוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᵇ top (play on bigdothekha, Psalms 45, 9) כל בגידות שבגדת וכ׳ all sinful acts thou hast committed, shall (after repentance) be like myrrh etc.; Bamidbar Rabbah section 10, beginning; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 16. ↗ original

בְּגִין , see גִּין ↗ original

*בַּגִּיר (בגר) rough. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 27, 11 quoted in Tosefta Yom Tob to Kethuboth 3, 8, and elsewhere (edition סערן). ↗ original

בִּגְלָאי , see גְּלָאי ↗ original

בָּגַן , see פָּגַן ↗ original

בָּגַר (√בג, see בָּאגָא; compare חֲזָזִית) [to be rough (of surface, voice etc.);] to be wrinkled (of a female’s nipples), whence; to become of age (at twelve years and a half). Kethuboth 3, 8 הבּוֹגֶרֶת a girl of beginning maturity (see Tosefta Yom Tob ad loc. (on the passage)). Niddah 5, 7 כיון שבָּגְרָה as soon as she is mature, see צֶמֶל. Pesachim 113ᵃ (proverb) בתך ב׳ וכ׳ has thy daughter become of age? Set thy slave free and give him to her (as husband); and frequently—Tosefta Kethuboth 3, 8 תִּיבָּגֵר (Nif'al); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 27ᶜ bottom of the page תִּבְגּוֹר. ↗ original

בְּגַר to be of age. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 30, 11, and the following to be rough, harsh, husky. Bava Bathra 167ᵇ בגר לה קלא her voice has become rough (from old age).—Denom. בַּגִּיר. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַבְגַּר to produce a rough surface, to heat and bruise by friction. Niddah 66ᵃ שפופרת אַבְגּוּרֵי מבגר לה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (variant reading אנג׳ מנג׳, edition אפג׳ מפג׳) will not a tube bruise her?—Kethuboth 65ᵃ מבגר לה (the ropes of the bedstead) hurt her. ↗ original

בֶּגֶר (the preceding words) age of majority (of females). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 59ᵇ ימות הב׳ the period of majority. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 9, beginning 16ᵈ. Kiddushin 4ᵃ ב׳ דאיילונית majority of a barren (or wombless) woman (who has no signs of maturity and becomes of age at twenty years). Kethuboth 38ᵇ יש ב׳ בקבר can the legal consequences of becoming of age enter after the woman’s death? [Other form: בּוֹגֶר. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 5, 29ᵈ לאחר בּוֹגְרָהּ after her becoming of age.] 5. בַּגְרוּת. ↗ original

בַּגָּר (the preceding) a woman of age. Tosefta Kethuboth 5, 1 הב׳ כתביעה (read בת׳, variant reading edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) הבּוֹגֶרֶת בתביעה) she who is of age when asked (by her betrothed) to be married; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 29ᵈ הב׳ בשעה (correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) נותנין לב׳ וכ׳ a girl of age is allowed twelve months for preparation for her wedding.—Chaldaic see בַּגִּיר. ↗ original

בגרון , Vayikra Rabbah section 28, end, קומוס ב׳, read קוֹמִיס פְּרִיבָטוֹן (κόμης πριουάτων) = comes privatarum, see דומין. ↗ original

בגרונדי , see גּוּנְדְּרָא ↗ original

בַּגְרוּת (see בֶּגֶר) womanhood, (after twelve years and a half), opposite to נערות, maidenhood (between twelve and twelve and a half) and ילדות childhood (from three to twelve years). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 1, 3ᵃ top אין בין … לימות הב׳ וכ׳ between the period of maidenhood and that of womanhood there is no more than a six months’ interval; Kethuboth 39ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original

בִּדְּ־ prefix (compound or composed of בְּ a. דְּ = Hebrew בְּשֶׁ־, בְּשֶׁל) concerning that (those) of; at the time of; treating of what refers to. Shabbath 112ᵃ בדטייעי in the case of those (sandals) of the travelling merchants (Arabs). Yoma 78ᵇ, see הוּצָא. Chullin 20ᵃ ומתני׳ בדלא אהדר our Mishnah treats of a case when he did not turn. Gittin 49ᵃ בדניזק וכ׳ we go in our assessment by (the property) of the injured; and very frequently if, when. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 43, 5 בִּדְּלֵית unless. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 9, 4 בִּדְּיִתְּבַר; and elsewhere ↗ original

*בַּד 1 = אֲבַד. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 21, 29 ובָדְתוּן (variant reading וּבַדְתּוּן = וַאֲ׳). Ithpeel אִתְבִּיד, see אֲבַד ↗ original

בַּד 2 (בדד) olive press (compare גַּת), tank. Shevi'ith 8, 6 אין … בַּבַּד you must not press olives in the tank (in the Sabbath year).—בית הַבַּד the building containing the tank and all implements for pressing olives. Shabbath 1, 9 קורת ב׳ הב׳ the beam of the press; and frequently—Betzah 19ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 7, see גַּב.—plural בַּדִּים, בַּדִּין. Bava Bathra 4, 7 בית הב׳. Tohoroth 9, 7 בד אחד או שני ב׳ a quantity of olives for one tank or for two; and frequently ↗ original

בַּד 3 single, separate. Berachoth 63ᵇ (play on baddim, Jeremiah 50, 36) שיושבין ב׳ ב׳ who study separately (without interchange of ideas). Kerith 5ᵃ explained Exodus 30, 34 ב׳ בב׳. with pref. לְ, לְבַד (Biblical Hebrew) alone, only. Sotah 8ᵃ אותה לְבַדָּהּ her (Numbers 5, 19) indicates her alone (each separately); and frequently—בִּלְבַד (adverb) only. Berachoth 1, 1 ולא זו ב׳ (usually with אמרו) and not only in this case did they make such a rule. Megillah 1, 5 אין בין … אלא … ב׳ there is no difference between Festivals and the Sabbath (as to forbidden labors) except only as to the preparation of the necessaries of life; and frequently—וּבִלְבַד but only, provided. Zevachim 5, 8; and frequently ↗ original

בַּד 4 chosen, fine linen. Zevachim 18ᵇ ב׳ שיהו של בוץ וכ׳ wherever the Law speaks of garments of bad, it means that they must be of byssus, new etc. the same place (ibid.) how do we know דהאי ב׳ כיתנא הוא that bad (as material for garments) means linen (and no other fine stuff)? Answ. Something which grows בד בבד in single stalks (see the preceding a. next word); Yoma 71ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 35ᵃ bad is used four times, intimating מובחר בב׳ the choicest of etc. (for different interpretation or differently interpreted version see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note); [compare Targum Jeremiah 48, 30]. ↗ original

בַּד 5 (בדד) single stalk, twig; also (Biblical Hebrew) pole, bar. Zevachim 18ᵇ; Yoma 71ᵇ; see the preceding Kethuboth 17ᵃ ב׳ של הדס myrtle twig. Sukkah 44ᵇ even one leaf וב׳ אחד and (on) one twig. Bava Metzia 24ᵃ anything on which something is suspended ב׳ קרו ליה is called bad.—plural בַּדִּים. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 5, 42ᵇ bottom of the page, and elsewhere בין הב׳ between the bars projecting from the Ark (i.e. their corresponding place in the Second Temple). Bava Metzia the passage cited בַּדֵּי מחטין וכ׳ poles of peddlars for needles etc. the same place (ibid.) מאי בדי what does baddé mean? Answ. Twigs.—And why do they call them baddé? Answ., see above. 5. אַנְפּוֹרְיָא. ↗ original

בַּדָּא 1 .—plural בַּדַּיָּא. Targum Joël 2, 24 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בֵּירַיָּא). Sanhedrin 95ᵃ תותי בי ב׳ under the wine press (variant reading בי סדיא). ↗ original

בַּדָּא 2 = Hebrew בַּד 4, fine linen woof. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 13, beginning 14ᵃ ↗ original

בָּדָא , see בדי ↗ original

בְּדָא in this case, see דָּא. ↗ original

בַּדָּאָה masculine Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew בַּדַּאי. Chullin 63ᵃ ההוא ביידא הוה (correct accordingly; Yalkut Shimoni Zechariah 578 בדאה) that man was a liar. ↗ original

בַּדָּאוּת , see בַּדָּיוּת ↗ original

בַּדַּאי (בדי 1) liar, misrepresenting. Sanhedrin 89ᵇ (proverb) כך עונשו של ב׳ וכ׳ such is the punishment of the liar etc.; Avoth d’R. Nath. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 30; Bereshith Rabbah section 94 מה טיבו של ב׳ הזה; see טִיב. Kiddushin 49ᵃ he who translates a Bible verse literally (see צורה), הרי זה ב׳ is a liar (misrepresenting the sense). invention, fiction. Devarim Rabbah section 5, and frequently דברים של ב׳ fictitious words (mitigating the original report); the same place (ibid.) דברי ב׳.—plural בַּדָּאִים, בַּדָּאִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 4, 46ᵃ bottom of the page נמצאו הדברים ב׳ things turned out to be false. Bava Bathra 74ᵃ; Sanhedrin 110ᵃ; 110ᵇ Moses and his laws are true והן ב׳ and they (euphem. for we) are liars. Tosefta Kethuboth 2, 1 ב׳ אנו (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) מבודין) we have been telling a falsehood. ↗ original

בָּדָאן , see בָּאדָן ↗ original

בָּדַד to scatter. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 5, 42ᶜ top בּוֹדְדָהּ ברגלו he scatters it (the frank-incense) with his foot (shoves it apart). to dig out, create, choose, invent. Denom. בַּד 2, בַּדִּים. to be lonely. participle בּוֹדֵד lonely. Pesikta Rabbati section 29 (30), explained בדד (Lamentations 1, 1) = בּוֹדֵד lonely, forsaken. participle pass. בָּדוּד exiled. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 בגדים בדודים Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (read בגדי) garments of the exiled (כלי גולה, Jeremiah 46, 19); [edition בגדי בָדָד, a. בְּדָדִין, see next word]. Hithpol. הִתְבּוֹדֵד to be exiled, homeless. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Alexandri 1) (referring to Psalms 102, 8) as the bird מִתְבּוֹדֵד וכ׳ is driven (separated from the rest) from roof to roof. ↗ original

בָּדָד the preceding) loneliness, (adverb) in a lonely state, in exile. Sanhedrin 104ᵃ יהיה ב׳ מושבם the exile shall be their dwelling. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 בגדי ב׳ garments (outfit) of exile, see the preceding—plural בְּדָדִים, בְּדָדִין. the same place (ibid.) בגדי ב׳ (plur. abstr. as חיים etc.). ↗ original

בַּדָּד (denominative of בַּד 2) olive-treader, workingman in the olive press. Gittin 62ᵃ.—plural בַּדָּדִין. Tohoroth 10, 1 and the following Shabbath 19ᵇ שמן של ב׳ וכ׳ the oil (remnants in corners) belonging to the pressers, and the mats which they use. Bava Kamma 119ᵃ והב׳ לוקחין מהן וכ׳ (read מנשותיהן, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 40) you may buy from the oil pressers’ (Rashi: oil producers’) wives etc. Tosefta Maasroth 1, 10 הב׳ (ה)מדליקין וכ׳ the oil pressers who take their lighting oil (alternately) from one press and another. ↗ original

בדדיות , see בְּדִידָה ↗ original

בָּדָה , see בדי ↗ original

בְּדָה , see בְּדִי 2 ↗ original

בדו , see next word ↗ original

בְּדוּבַר (Arab. dubr, back) with one’s back to.—Berachoth 6ᵇ (speech of an Arab) ב׳ קיימת וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Munich manuscript בדו בר, edition כדו בר, correct accordingly) with thy back (to the Synagogue) standest thou before the Lord? ↗ original

בדודיות , see כַּדּוֹרִית ↗ original

בָּדוֹחָא (בדח) merry-maker.—plural בָּדוֹחֵי. Taanith 22ᵃ אינשי ב׳ וכ׳ we are merry-makers and cheer up the sad. ↗ original

בְּדוֹחָא (see the preceding) cheerfulness. Targum Psalms 150, 5 דמשמעין לבדוחא manuscript (edition incorr. דשמעין בלחודיהון) which are sounded for rejoicing. the same place (ibid.) 68, 32 בבודחא manuscript (edition בנוי דחם). ↗ original

בָּדוּי , see בדי ↗ original

בְּדוֹלַח (Biblical Hebrew) b’dolaḥ, name of a jewel, also of a gum, bdellium. Bereshith Rabbah section 16, beginning את סבור כב׳ וכ׳ you might think, b’dolaḥ (Genesis 2, 12) means the druggists’ bdellium—let its neighbor (next word אבן השוהם) explain it (correct. according to Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 21). ↗ original

בְּדוּלְחָא Targum Genesis 2, 12; and elsewhere ↗ original

בדולקי , read בְּרוּקְלֵי. ↗ original

בָּדוּקָא (בדק) searching, penetrating.—plural בְּדוּקַיָּא בְּדוֹ׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 5, 19; and elsewhere ↗ original

בְּדוּקִי (בדק) one requiring examination, i.e. one whose father is unknown, usually שְׁתוּקִי. Kiddushin 4, 2 Abba Saul called the sh’thuki ב׳ b’duki. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 65ᵈ bottom of the page; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 74ᵃ ↗ original

בִּדּוּר (בדר) dispersion, scattering. Targum Isaiah 8, 22 (edition Vienna edition בַּדּוּר), and elsewhere one exiled. Targum 2 Samuel 14, 13 and the following ↗ original

בדורוילו , see פַּרְוִילָא ↗ original

בָּדוּתָא (בדי 1) fiction, mistake. Bava Bathra 145ᵃ, and frequently הא דר׳ … ב׳ היא R. …’s account (or opinion) is a mistake. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) reads בָּרוּתָא which see] ↗ original

בְּדַח (denominative of √דח, see דְּחַהּ; compare בִּזְרָא) to be cheerful. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 18, 9; and frequently—Berachoth 30ᵇ, and frequently ב׳ טובא was very cheerful. Moed Katan 17ᵃ בְּדִיחָא דעתאי I feel happy. Shabbath 77ᵇ.—*Chullin 32ᵃ לא הוה בדיחנא ביה וכ׳ I could not make light of my uncle so as to ask him (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition pr. בדיקנא). Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּדַּח to cheer up, make laugh. Taanith 22ᵃ, see בָּדוֹחָא. Nedarim 51ᵃ have I not cautioned thee דלא תבדחן not to make us laugh? the same place (ibid.) 50ᵇ bottom of the page תבדיחן (En Yaak. תבדחן). ↗ original

בדי , see בדד) to dig out, whence (compare ברא) to take out (a piece of dough) and shape, to form. Menachoth 5, 1; Sifra Emor Parah 10, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 13 השאור בּוֹדֶה וכ׳ he gets the leaven required for the loaves out of themselves (taking a piece of dough out of that intended for the loaves). to create, invent. Nedarim 10ᵃ לשון שבָּדוּ וכ׳ terms (for vows) which the Scholars have (arbitrarily) invented (as disguises). Vayikra Rabbah section 9 לשון בָּדוּי an invented expression. Bereshith Rabbah section 100 דברים בְּדוּיִים fictitious words. the same place (ibid.) section 48 בדויים (supply (understood word) דברים, some edition בדאות). Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּידָּא, בִּידָּה same. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᶜ top בי׳ להן וכ׳ made up for them a false Latin translation (of the Bible) from the Greek; see בָּרַר.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2, 26ᵇ bottom of the page מְבַדִּין היינו we have been inventing, i.e. speaking in fun; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 1 מבודין אנו (correct accordingly; variant reading בדאים). [Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵈ מבדין אתם וכ׳, probably to be read מן הדין.] [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵇ bottom of the page מבדין בחדשים, see בָּהָה.] to disprove, refute. Tanchuma Balak, 14; edition Buber edition 23 (referring to baddim, Isaiah 44, 25) מְבַדִּין וכ׳ they frustrate their predictions. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְבַּדָּה to be tempted to a falsehood, turn a liar. Berachoth 4ᵃ; Derekh Erets Zut. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 3 train thy tongue to say, I do not know, שמא תִּתְבַּדֶּה וכ׳ lest thou be induced to tell a falsehood and be caught. ↗ original

בְּדִי 1 , to invent. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2. Numbers 16, 28 בְּדֵית (variant reading בָּדִית). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְבַּדִּי to be declared wrong, to be mistaken. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 8, 9ᶜ עברת בִּידָּךְ תלתא נהרין ואִיתְבַּדַּת thy story crossed three rivers (coming from Babylonia) and is found to be a mistake; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 9ᵃ top ואיתבר׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original

בְּדִי 2 , Pa'el בַּדֵּי, בַּדֵּה (dialect. = בזי) to despise. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 1 (referring to לא יבזו לי ibid.; read:) לית דו מבדה לי there is none can despise me (for kissing my brother); [Shemoth Rabbah section 5 beginning corrupt]. ↗ original

בדי ² , Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 913 ב׳ פלסטין, see דִּיפְּלֵי ↗ original

בְּדִיאֵי (בדי) fictions. Bechoroth 8ᵇ מילי דב׳ edition (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כדי, En Yaak. כדיבי) some stories. ↗ original

בָּדִיד (בדד) digging instrument, spade, mattock. Kelim 29, 7 יד הב׳ the handle of a spade.—plural בְּדִידִין. Ylamdenu Sh’laḥ quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ב׳ בברזל(?).—2) rut, cavity (compare next word).—plural as above. Moed Katan 4ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 2; the same place (ibid.) Shevi'ith 1, 7 ב׳ שבעיקרי וכ׳ the cuts around the roots of trees; see אוּגְיָה. ↗ original

בְּדִידָה (בדד, see בַּד 2) small olive press. Sifra B’har Chaldaic (Aramaic) I one may grind the olives in the large tank ומכניס לבד׳ and then put them into the small press; Shevi'ith 8, 6 לבוד׳.—plural בְּדִידוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 31 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בדדיות, בדריות, correct accordingly). ↗ original

בַּדָּיוּת (בדי) fiction, falsehood. Vayikra Rabbah section 9. Bereshith Rabbah section 48, see בָּדָא. ↗ original

בְּדִיחַ , see בְּדַח ↗ original

בְּדִיחָא (בדח) joy. Constr. בְּדִיחַת. Targum Esther 8, 17. ↗ original

בְּדִיחוּתָא (see the preceding) cheer. Shabbath 30ᵇ מלתא דב׳ something humorous. Berachoth 55ᵃ בדיחותֵיה מפכחא ליה its very cheerfulness frustrates it (the good dream). ↗ original

בְּדִיל (compound or composed of בְּ, דִּי, a. לְ = Hebrew בְּשֶׁל) as to what refers to—whence; on account of, for the sake of, in order that. Targum Onkelos Genesis 6, 3; and elsewhere—Vayikra Rabbah section 28, end אזל ב׳ בלנאי he went for (the sake of getting) a bather. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵃ ב׳ דלא יכפור וכ׳ in order that he may not deny his owing a cup. Yoma 75ᵇ ב׳ רבא וכ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) through the merit of the teacher is the scholar supported.—בְּדִילִי, בְּדִילָךְ etc. on my, thy account etc. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 3, 26; and elsewhere (Yerushalmi (prefix) בגלל; Biblical Hebrew למען). ↗ original

בְּדִילָה (בדל) separation. Tanchuma Mishpatim 17 לשון ב׳ an expression meaning ‘creating a partition’. ↗ original

בְּדִין by right, see דִּין. ↗ original

בִּדִּין fictions, whence lying oracles; in a transferred sense conjurers. Targum Isaiah 44, 25. Targum Leviticus 20, 27; and frequently ↗ original

בְּדִיק , see בְּדַק ↗ original

בְּדִיקָה (בָּדַק) search, examination, test. Pesachim 1, 1. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, beginning 27ᵃ בְּדִיקַת היום ב׳ search (after leavened bread) made in day-time is a (valid) search. Kilayim 9, 7; and frequently—Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 לב׳ דידיה referring to his search; i.e. intimating that the test by the ‘bitter waters’ (see סוטה) will also affect him (the adulterer) (Sotah 28ᵃ לידיעה).—plural בְּדִיקוֹת; especially cross-examinations of witnesses as to minor circumstances; see חֲקִירָה. Sanhedrin 5, 2 (40ᵃ); and frequently ↗ original

בְּדִיקוּתָא , especially examination of slaughtered animals as to the condition of the lungs etc., see בְּדַק. Chullin 48ᵃ לית להו ב׳ וכ׳ no examination will avail them to make them permitted; (the same place (ibid.) 46ᵃ לית להו בדיקה). the same place (ibid.) 10ᵇ מצריך ב׳ וכ׳ declares an examination (of the slaughtering knife) necessary etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original

*בְּדִיתָא B’ditha, name of a canal of the Euphrates, see פּוּמְבְּדִיתָא. Moed Katan 11ᵃ ב׳ לבאי כוורי (read בב׳, Alfasi בפומבדיתא) in the B’ditha the fish were laid dry. [variant reading בריתא, ברייתא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 300.] ↗ original

בָּדַל (√בד, see בדד) to separate, divide, distinguish; (neut. see) בָּדֵל to keep aloof. Pesachim 87ᵇ בְּדוֹל עצמך וכ׳ withdraw thyself from (touching) her. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 78ᵇ top כדי שיהא בָּדֵל מן התרומה in order that he may be careful in handling T’rummah. Bava Metzia 59ᵇ it seems to me שחברים בְּדֵילִים וכ׳ that the colleagues hold themselves aloof from thee (i.e. thou art excommunicated). the same place (ibid.) 89ᵃ ב׳ בתמרים to separate (with a tool) dates which stick together (compare Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)); Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 2, 50ᵃ top הבדיל בתמרים (read הבודל). Berachoth 5ᵃ יסורין בְּדֵילִין וכ׳ pains will stay away from him; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְדִּיל to sever, set apart, distinguish. Chullin 21ᵇ מולק ואינו מַבְדִּיל he nips the bird’s neck but must not sever a limb or cut with his nail deeper than required (Leviticus 1, 17). the same place (ibid.) 1, 7 המבדיל בין וכ׳ He who established distinctions between (the) sanctity (of the Sabbath) and (the) sanctity (of the Festivals); and frequently (denominative of אַבְדָּלָה or הַבְדָּלָה) to recite the benediction Hammabdil on the exit of the Sabbath or Festival, to say Habdalah. Ibid. כיצד מבדילין what formula must you use (at the exit of the Sabbath and the simultaneous beginning of a Festival)? and frequently—participle Hof. מוּבְדָּל separated, distinguished. Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 beginning מוּבְדָּלִים וכ׳ are different from the doings of other nations. Nazir 7ᵃ מוּבְדָּלוֹת זו מזו are separated one from another. Tosefta Peah 3, 5; and frequently ↗ original

בְּדַל as Hebrew Kal. (neut.) Chullin 116ᵇ וכ׳ בדלינן we abstain from them. the same place (ibid.) לא בדילי וכ׳ do not abstain; and elsewhere (as foregoing Hif'il 2) to say Habdalah. Eruvin 40ᵇ מי בדלת hast thou said Habd.? … אין בדילנא yes, I have etc. ↗ original

בָּדָן , see בָּאדָן ↗ original

בדסין , see בִּרְסִין ↗ original

בָּדַק , see בדד) to split, break into, penetrate. Kethuboth 13, 9 הנוה היפה בּוֹדֵק the removal to a better residence (and style of living) penetrates (the body and creates disease); see the same place (ibid.) 110ᵇ מאי ב׳ כדשמואל וכ׳ what does bodek mean? Answ. As it is expressed by Samuel …, a change of the mode of living (see וֶסֶת) is the beginning of abdominal disease.—Esp. to search, examine, investigate, try. Sotah 5, 1 as well as the water בּוֹדְקִין אותה וכ׳ tries her (eventually makes her sick), so does it try him (the adulterer). Pesachim 1, 1 ב׳ את החמץ leavened bread is searched after (for the sake of removing it). the same place (ibid.) 9ᵇ (בית) בָּדוּק a house which has been searched. Sanhedrin 3, 6 ב׳ את העדים the witnesses are cross-examined. the same place (ibid.) 4, 5; see דְּרִישָׁה. Shabbath 139ᵃ וכ׳ בְּדוֹק בדיינו investigate the doings of the Israelitish judges. Kethuboth 7, 8 הוא בּוֹדְקָהּ וכ׳ he has her examined (as to bodily soundness) by his female relatives. the same place (ibid.) 75ᵇ חזקה אין … אא"כ בּוֹדְקוֹ the presumption is that nobody will drink out of a cup, unless he has examined it (will not marry a woman before ascertaining her physical condition). Kiddushin 4, 4 צריך לבְדוֹק אחריה וכ׳ must investigate her family records up to four mothers etc. the same place (ibid.) 5 אין בודקין מן וכ׳ no family records are searched beyond the altar, i.e. the ascertained fact of a person’s admission to priestly services is sufficient evidence of unblemished descent for marriage purposes. Niddah 30ᵇ ובדקן ומצאן (read ובדקו ומצאו) they (the scholars) examined (made a post mortem examination); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 17; Bechoroth 45ᵃ; and frequently to tend, cure (plants), especially to cover with earth or manure. Tosefta Shevi'ith 1, 12; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 35ᵇ bottom of the page Nif'al נִפְעַל נִבְדַּק to be examined etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 1, 43ᵇ; 9, end, 50ᵈ נ׳ השם the report was traced. Niddah 5, 6 נדריה נִבְדָּקִין her vows are subject to examination (to find out whether she knows the import of a vow); and frequently ↗ original

בְּדַק to split, burst, break into. Chullin 105ᵃ חזא צינורא דבדקא וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דבידקא) he saw that a sewer had burst into his field (inundating it); see בִּדְקָא. to examine, espy; to test. Targum Judg. 18, 2; and frequently—Yevamoth 65ᵃ אִיבְדוֹק נפשאי I will test myself (as to my virility). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 2, 37ᵇ bottom of the page בעי חיפה מִיבְדְּקוּנֵיה Ḥefa wanted to sound his knowledge. Taanith 21ᵇ; and frequently to cure the body by means of a purgative. Nedarim 50ᵇ הוה בָּדִיק נפשיה וכ׳ purged himself with etc.; and elsewhere—participle passive בְּדִיק tested, sure, known. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 5, 20ᶜ bottom of the page לא הוות בדיקה לי was unknown to me (I had not experienced). Taanith 23ᵇ לא בדיקתו לי (not בדקיתו) ye are unknown to me (as to your honesty).—בְּדִיקְנָא I am sure, I know. Pesachim 111ᵇ בדיקנא ביה במר דלא וכ׳ I am sure you do not know (Munich manuscript ב׳ ליה וכ׳, manuscript 2 Oxf. בקינא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). *Chullin 32ᵃ לא הוה בדיקנא ביה וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) variant reading (edition בדיחנא) I was not so familiar with my uncle that I should have asked him. Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּדֵּק to discover (by sorcery), to find out secrets. Targum Onkelos Genesis 44, 5; 15. Cmp. בְּדִיקְנָאָה. ↗ original

בֶּדֶק the preceding) breach, defect. attendance, repair. ב׳ הבית (2 Kings 12, 8) keeping the Temple in repair. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 8, 36ᵃ top of the page Temurah 1, 6 קדשי ב׳ הב׳ (Mishnah קרבנות) offerings for the Temple repair, opposite to קדשי מזבח objects dedicated for sacrifices. Ibid. 7, 1; and frequently—plural בְּדָקִים, construct state בִּדְקֵי. Shabbath 32ᵃ ב׳ מיתה breaches through which death enters, i.e. sins for which one is visited with death; see דֶּבֶק. ↗ original

*בֶּדֶק , defect, sin. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 5, 19 these waters searching לב׳ האילין the defect. [Probably a corrupt reading.] ↗ original

בִּדְקָא breaking into, freshet, bursting dam. Bava Metzia 66ᵇ אתא ב׳ וכ׳ a freshet came and overflooded etc. Bava Bathra 41ᵃ שקל בי׳ וכ׳ a freshet swept his field (taking away the fence). Chullin 105ᵃ צינורא דב׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a channel caused by a freshet, see בְּדַק. Sanhedrin 7ᵃ strife is likened לצינורא דבי׳ (דמיא) וכ׳ to an inroad made by a burst (of water), once entering it widens more and more; and frequently—plural בִּדְקֵי, בִּידְקֵי. Eruvin 21ᵃ דשכיחי בי׳ where freshets are of frequent occurrence. breach, defect. Targum Onkelos Genesis 42, 9 (Hebrew ערוה). Targum 2 Kings 12, 6 and the following—plural Targum Lamentations 1, 8 בִּדְקָהָא her shortcomings (Hebrew עֶרְוָתָהּ). [Bava Bathra 61ᵃ בדקא, see בַּרְקָא 3.] ↗ original

*בָּדַר , Pi'el בִּידֵּר as following. Ruth Rabbah to 2, 15 היה מְבַדֵּר וכ׳ scattered coins. [Prob. to be read מבקר or מבקיר.] ↗ original

בְּדַר (√בד; compare בזר, פזר) to scatter, strew.—Pa. בַּדֵּר same, also, to distribute freely. Targum Psalms 68, 31; and frequently—Chullin 54ᵃ אי בַּדְּרֵי לה סמא וכ׳ if a powder is strewn upon its wound, it may recover; [Rashb. to Bava Bathra 74ᵇ quotes דעבד ליה סמתרי]. Gittin 56ᵇ ובַדְּרוּ לקיטמיה וכ׳ and scatter ye his (my) ashes over seven waters. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, end, 14ᵈ בשעה דמכנשין בַּדַּר וכ׳ when people gather (are willing to listen to instruction), distribute (teach); when people scatter (throw religion away in neglect), gather in (live in retired study). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 9 בדרו גרמיכון disperse ye (do not stand in crowds).—participle passive מְבַדַּר scattered. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 81ᵈ top אית סגין מנהון מְבַדְּרַן וכ׳ there are more than those (twenty four cases) scattered in Mishnah and Boraitha. Shabbath 20ᵃ, see below. to shake (in a sieve). Targum Amos 9, 9. [Ibid. מחזרין, probably מבדרין.] Cmp. בַּזֵּיל. to tread olives. Targum Micah 6, 15 (perh. בדד?). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיתְבַּדַּר, אִיבַּדַּר ; Ithpeel אִיתְבְּדַר, אִיבְּדַר to be scattered, to disperse. Targum Isaiah 33, 3; and frequently—Shabbath 20ᵃ קנים מִיבַּדְּרִין (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 300, edition מבדרן) loose staves in the stove will fall apart (and may require stirring). Vayikra Rabbah section 6 and the denars began מִתְבַּדְּרִין to be scattered. Gittin 33ᵇ ליבַּרְּרוּ אִיבַּדּוּרֵי (not איבדורו) let them disperse (so as not to be found together). Sanhedrin 8ᵃ bottom of the page ואיבדור and they (the judges) dispersed.—Denom. בִּדּוּר, בִּדּוּרָא. ↗ original

בדרסין , see בִּרְדְּסִין ↗ original

בָּהָא , see בהי ↗ original

בַּהֲדֵי , see הַד־ ↗ original

בֹּהוּ chaotic condition; always with תהו. Bereshith Rabbah section 2; and frequently ↗ original

בָּהוּ = אַבָּהוּ. Berachoth 45ᵃ; and frequently (Munich manuscript). ↗ original

בְּהוֹ with, in them. Pesachim 72ᵇ; and frequently; see הוּ. ↗ original

בַּהוּלְתָּא , see בֵּיהוּלְתָּא ↗ original

בָּהוֹר , see בָּהִיר ↗ original

בָּהוּתָא (בהי) confusion. Targum Proverbs 26, 21 edition Vilna edition (manuscript בְּהַוְתָא; other edition כהותא). ↗ original

בהי , to be broken into; to gasp; to burst forth, see בהק, בהר; see Ges. Hebr. Dictionary under the word) to be stirred up, confounded, in disorder.—Bereshith Rabbah section 2, beginning תוהא ובוֹהִא; the same place (ibid.) fem. תוהא ובוֹהָא bewildered and confounded. *. הִבְהָה to clear (the field), compare בָּעָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ top המברה בחרשים (read המַבְהֶה). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵇ ומבדין (read ומַבְהִין or ומַבְהֶה) you may clear thickets (in the Sabbath year); see בָּרַךְ Pi'el ↗ original

בְּהִי participle בָּהֵי, fem. בַּהֲיָא chaotic. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 12, 42. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 1, 2. ↗ original

בְּהִילוּ (בהל) haste. Ezra 4, 23. Targum Exodus 12, 11; and elsewhere ↗ original

בָּהִיק (בהק) bright, distinguished. Targum Song of Songs 7, 3; and elsewhere ↗ original

בָּהִיר (בהר; Biblical Hebrew white, white spot (cloud).—plural בְּהִירִין, בְּהוֹ׳. Taanith 7ᵇ (referring to Job 37, 21) אפי׳ בשעה שהעננים עומדין בהי׳ בהי׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript, even when the clouds stand in white spots, there comes a wind etc.; edit. שרקיע נעשה בהו׳ בהו׳ the sky is made (to appear) full of white clouds. ↗ original

בְּהִירָא same. Targum Job 37, 21 ב׳ מן וכ׳ white clouds without giving rain etc. ↗ original

בְּהֵית , see בְּהַת ↗ original

בָּהַל , see בהי) to hurry, be excited, anxious. participle passive בָּהוּל excited, pressed. Pesachim 11ᵃ and the following אדם ב׳ הוא וכ׳ man is excited when his property is at stake. the same place (ibid.) 72ᵇ זמנו ב׳ his time (for doing the thing) is pressed (it cannot be postponed). Yoma 85ᵃ, and elsewhere ב׳ על מתו anxious to save his dead relative from the fire. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיהֵל to agitate, frighten. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 6, 43ᶜ bottom of the page למה אתה מְבַהֲלֵינוּ why dost thou agitate us. Hithpa'el a. Nithpa'el הִתְבָּהֵל, נִתְבָּהֵל to be excited, confounded. Bamidbar Rabbah section 14 (referring to tibbahel, Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 8, 3) אל תִּתְבָּהֵל וכ׳ be not intimidated by his wrath, the same place (ibid.) לא נ׳ מן מעשיה he was not carried away by her (tempting) actions. the same place (ibid.) לא נ׳ מפנאי וכ׳ he was not confounded on account of his being alone in the house. Pesikta Rabbati section 36 מתרעשים ומִתְבַּהֲלִים were in commotion and alarm.— participle Hof. מוּבְהָל , or Pual מְבוֹהָל confounded, hard to pronounce or remember. Gittin 14ᵇ שמותיהן מוב׳ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition מבו׳) their names are bewildering, beginning with Arda, Arta, Phile.—[Devarim Rabbah section 9 דעתו מובלגת, read מוּבְהֶלֶת his mind is confused, he cannot collect himself for prayer.] ↗ original

בְּהַל —Pa. בּהֵיל to be precocious, inconsiderate, hasty. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 5, 1; and elsewhere Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְבַּהֵל, Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּהִיל, אִיתְבְּהַל to be hurried, to hurry. Targum Esther 2, 9. to be agitated. Targum I Samuel 28, 21; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 1, 25ᵃ is it possible that the whole town מִתְבַּהֲלָה וכ׳ was excited on account of Naomi? ↗ original

בֶּהָלָה suddenness, sudden calamity, shock. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 2, 64ᵈ top; Treatise Smachoth, Treatise 3, 9 לשנים מיתה של ב׳ death after two days’ sickness is a shocking death.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 2, end, 8ᵈ a rending of garments שאינו של ב׳ וכ׳ which is not done under the influence of the first shock (after the sad news) is considered as if not performed at all.—plural בֶּהָלוֹת. Bamidbar Rabbah section 11; Tanchuma Naso, 10 באנגריא ובב׳ as a forced duty and in a hurried manner; and frequently ↗ original

בַּהָם (denominative of next word) cattle-driver, cattle-raiser, driver. Devarim Rabbah section 3 והבהם עמו and the driver (leader of the ass) was with him. *[Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 11, end, 42ᵈ הבַּיאָם שלי פיתני (= בַהָם) my stable-man (a gentile) has seduced me. the same place (ibid.) אין הביאם אוסר (not אסור) (do you believe) the stable-man’s connection with thee has no restrictive consequences? [5. Noda Bihudah, 2ⁿᵈ edition, Eb. Haëz. Nr. 12.] Bereshith Rabbah section 86 בהמי (Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 145 אדם, probably בהם).—plural בַּהָמִים, בַּהָמִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 1, 27ᵇ (in gen. servants). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 4 (play on ובבהמתך Deuteronomy 7, 14) there shall be none barren (of knowledge) among thee, אפי׳ בב׳ שבכם even among your cattle drivers; Devarim Rabbah section 3; and elsewhere; Bereshith Rabbah section 32 בבהמות (correct accordingly)—Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 2, 50ᵃ bottom of the page התריגו לבהמין (not התריגי) give the drivers (field laborers) oranges to eat; [Eruvin 53ᵇ אתריגו לפחמין in different interpretation or differently interpreted connection]. ↗ original

בְּהֵמָה , Æthiop. to be dumb; √בה, see בהי) cattle, quadruped domestic animal (mostly of the horned race); in gen. dumb beast, opposite to man. Bereshith Rabbah section 20 ב׳ חיה ועופות domestic animals, wild beasts, and birds; and frequently—ב׳ גסה large cattle (of the bovine race); ב׳ דקה small cattle (sheep, goats etc.). Bechoroth 8ᵃ; and frequently—בֶּהֱמַת מלוג, ב׳ ארנונא etc., see מְלוּג, אַרְנוֹנָא etc.—plural בְּהֵמוֹת Bereshith Rabbah section 86; and frequently ↗ original

בְּהֵמוֹת Coptic p-ehe-mau, water-ox, Ges.) in Rabbin. lit. B’hemoth, a legendary animal reserved for the righteous in the hereafter; compare לִוְיָתָן. Vayikra Rabbah section 22 in place of the forbidden animals from which you here abstain, ב׳ בהררי אלף (I shall give you in the hereafter) ‘the b’hemoth on the thousand mountains’ (Psalms 50, 10). the same place (ibid.) section 13 ב׳ ולויתן וכ׳ b’hemoth a. leviathan are the game of the righteous etc. the same place (ibid.) ב׳ נותץ וכ׳ b’hemoth shall attack the leviathan with his horns etc. ↗ original

בָּהַק , see בהי) to shine with a pale light, be white, glisten. Bechoroth 45ᵇ בּוֹהֵק one glistening (with unsteady eyes, albino), different interpretation or differently interpreted frequently לבן white-complected. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְהִיק to shine, be bright. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 1, beginning 27ᵇ top בשעה שהיו מבהיקים when the candles burned brightly. the same place (ibid.) מַבְהִיקוֹת; Bereshith Rabbah section 31 מַבְהֶקֶת (of glistening jewels). Bereshith Rabbah section 40 הבהיקה כל וכ׳ the whole land of Egypt was brightened by her (Sarah’s) beauty; and frequently to brighten, make bright. Sanhedrin 100ᵃ.—participle Hof. מוּבְהָק distinguished, prominent. Kiddushin 33ᵃ ברבו המ׳ when his teacher is a distinguished scholar. Gittin 11ᵃ שמות מוּבְהָקִין names of a distinctly gentile character (which Jews do not assume). [Sifra Thazr. Chaldaic (Aramaic) I שאת מובהקת, read with Rabbenu Shimshon to Nega'im 1, 1 מוגבהת, see גָּבַהּ.] ↗ original

בְּהַק Af. אַבְהִיק to shine. Targum 2 Samuel 22, 13. ↗ original

בֹּהַק , see בֹּוהַק ↗ original

בַּהֲקָא (plural בַּהֲקֵי), בַּהֲקִי, בַּהֲקִיתָא feminine = Hebrew בַּהֶרֶת. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Leviticus 13, 2, Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Leviticus 13, 2; 14, 56; and elsewhere ↗ original

בָּהֲקָן (בהק) one afflicted with bohak (Leviticus 13, 39), one having an eruption resembling leprosy, see בּוֹהַק. Bereshith Rabbah section 98 מי שהוא ב׳ וכ׳ one who is a bahakan is hot-tempered. plural בָּהֲקָנִין. the same place (ibid.) (edition בּוֹהֲ׳) ריבה בהן ב׳ (referring to Genesis 49, 7) he let rise among them a large number of bohakanin (hot-tempered men). 5. next word ↗ original

בֹּהֲקָנִי same, one full of whitish pustules. Berachoth 58ᵇ Munich manuscript (edition בהקנים plur.). Fem. בֹּהֲקָנִית, בּוֹהֲ׳, fem. בֹּהֲקָנִיּוֹת, בּוֹ׳. Megillah 24ᵇ ידיו ב׳ one whose hands are etc. ↗ original

בָּהַר , see בהי; compare the preceding words); Pi. בִּיהֵר or Hif'il הִבְהִיר to shine brightly, be glossy; in a transferred sense to make one’s self conspicuous, to boast. Vayikra Rabbah section 15; Tanchuma Thazr. 11 bahereth (Leviticus 13, 2) that is Yavan (Græco-Syria) שהיתה מְבָהֶרֶת על וכ׳ (or מַבְהֶרֶת) that lorded it over Israel by her decrees; see קֶרֶן.—[Pi. בִּיהֵר to make clear. Pesikta Rabbati section 33, see בָּחַר.] ↗ original

בְּהַר Chaldaic (Aramaic), Shaf. שַׁבְהַר which see ↗ original

בַּהֲרָא , see בַּהַרְתָּא ↗ original

בהריקאי , see חֲרִיקָא ↗ original

בַּהֶרֶת bright white spot on the skin, eventually one of the symptoms of leprosy. Nega'im 1, 1 ב׳ עזה כשלג bahereth means an intensively bright spot (sparkling) like snow. the same place (ibid.) 2, 1 ב׳ עזה וכ׳ an intensely bright spot appears faint on the skin of a Germanus (Teuton), and the faint spot appears bright on a Cushite; (Sifra Thazr., Nega'im Chaldaic (Aramaic) I, edition Weiss כג׳, ככ׳; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 551 גרדמ׳, corrupted בגרמ׳, בכושי); and frequently—plural בֶּהָרוֹת. Nega'im 7, 1. the same place (ibid.) 8, 6; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 12. ↗ original

בַּהַרְתָּא Targum Onkelos Leviticus 13, 2; and elsewhere—plural בַּהְרָן. the same place (ibid.) 38; 39. see בַּהֲקָא. ↗ original

בְּהַת (√בה, see בהי) (= Hebrew בּוּשׁ, compare רוּץ a. רְהַט) to be confounded, abashed, ashamed. Targum Onkelos Genesis 49, 8; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 1, beginning 45ᵈ (in Hebr. phraseology) הן נקרא ולא נבהית (Babylonian edition הנקרא … נבעית) can we read this and not feel ashamed? Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ top, if I rise among the righteous, לא נבהת I may not feel ashamed. the same place (ibid.) ומה אנא בהית בעבדאי (read בעובדיי) why should I be ashamed of my doings? Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 4, 65ᶜ top בָּהֲתִין וכ׳ they are ashamed of one another. Yerushalmi (prefix) Orlah 1, 61ᵇ top בהית מסתכל ביה is ashamed to look at him. Vayikra Rabbah section 31 לא בהתין yet are not ashamed (to worship them). (= בְּעֵית) to be bewildered. Kethuboth 62ᵃ (proverb) a woman used to abortion (or loss of children through death) לא בהתה is no longer besides herself (when it reoccurs; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): is not ashamed). Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּהַית, Af'el הִפְעִיל אַבְהֵית to put to shame. Targum Psalms 14, 6. the same place (ibid.) 119, 116; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 5, beginning 55ᵈ ומבהתין ליה דיעבד and bend the tree down as if in shame, in order that it may bear fruits (compare Shabbath 67ᵃ ‘that people may pray for it’). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth the passage cited if I rise among the wicked לא נַבְהִית (or נְבָהֵת) I may not put (them) to shame. to frighten, confound.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 2, 58ᵃ bottom of the page לא תבהית וכ׳ confound not thy Master’s children (the Israelites). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְבַּהֵית, Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּהֵית , contracted אִבְּהִית to be put to shame. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 5 והוא מתב׳ וכ׳ and he felt ashamed and went away. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᶜ top מִבַּהֲתָא she is ashamed. ↗ original

בַּהֲתָא shame, disgrace; nakedness (= Hebrew עֶרְוָה). Targum Job 8, 22; and frequently—Sanhedrin 102ᵇ; Bereshith Rabbah section 49 סבי דב׳ elders of disgrace, see אַשְׁמָה. Chullin 56ᵇ איגלאי בהתייהו their shame (diseased condition) has been revealed. Targum 2 Chronicles 32, 21 בֵּיהוּת. ↗ original

בּוֹ , see בְּ־ ↗ original

בּוֹא to enter, come. Rosh Hashanah 1, 2 בָּאֵי העולם those come into the world, i.e. mortals. Chullin 54ᵇ בּוֹאֲכֶם בשלום be welcome!—Tanchuma Vaëra 14; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 78, 47, and elsewhere (play on בׄחׄנׄמׄלׄ ibid.) [בׄא נׄחׄ מׄלׄ] בׄא חׄןׄ מׄלׄ it (the locust) comes, encamps [rests], and plucks. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 8, 38ᶜ top, and elsewhere במקום שבאת, see גְּזֵרָה.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᶜ top, and frequently יָבֹא עלי אם וכ׳ may (evil) befall me, if—; compare אֲתָא; Koheleth Rabbah to 10, 8 אם לא יבא וכ׳ (correct accordingly). with על (Biblical Hebrew to have sexual connection. Kerith. 1, 1; and frequently with לְיַד or לִידֵי to fall into the power of.—Aboth 2, 1 ואין אתה בא לידי עבירה and sin will have no power over thee. Yoma 86ᵇ בא לידו דבר וכ׳ (not באת) he had the power (the chance) to commit a sin etc.; Kiddushin 39ᵇ; and frequently—בּוֹא וראה come and see (I will prove). Yoma the passage cited; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֵבִיא to bring, carry. Gittin 1, 1 המֵבִיא וכ׳ he who brings (as a messenger) a letter of divorce from abroad; and frequently to offer. Bikkurim 1, 1; and frequently to draw an object toward’s one’s self, opposite הוֹלִיךְ, see הָלַךְ. Chullin 2, 3 הוליך ולא ה׳ he put the knife out (in slaughtering) but did not draw it backward; ה׳ ולא וכ׳ or drew it toward himself but did not then move forward; and frequently to bring about, produce, cause. Aboth 1, 17 מביא חטא begets sin; and frequently to lead, procure admittance. Avodah Zarah 20ᵇ Torah מביאה לידי וכ׳ (see above) leads to careful conduct etc. the same place (ibid.) 18ᵃ אתה מְבִיאֵנִי וכ׳ wilt thou procure me (promise me) admittance into the world to come?; and frequently ↗ original

בואנא , see כְּוָאנָא ↗ original

בואת , see בָּאוַת ↗ original

בּוּבְיָא 1 (Syriac (Peshitta) bubia sartago, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus; probably = בי אפיא, פ softened through assimilation, compare תפייא a. בי תפי) a frying pan, sometimes used as a coal pan containing the coal over which things are roasted. Pesachim 30ᵇ האי בוב׳ (Munich manuscript 2, manuscript Oxf. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) and old edition, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 10); Zevachim 95ᵇ (Manuscript Rome 1 מביא, corrupted בו׳; Manuscript Karlsruhe בוכיא). Shabbath 29ᵃ he threw the date stones לבוביא Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 4, 62ᶜ לתפייה, see Rashi to Shabbath the passage cited) into the pan. [Editions vary betw. כוביא a. בוכיא.] ↗ original

בּוּבְיָא 2 image, see בָּבוּאָה. ↗ original

בוביא , Echah Rabbah to 2, 2, see בִּיבָא ↗ original

בוביאר , see בּוּכְיָאר ↗ original

בּוּבְיָה , see בּוּבְיָא ↗ original

בּוּבִיתָא , see בָּבִיתָא ↗ original

בובן the word נָבוּב reversed. Shabbath 104ᵃ ↗ original

בּוֹגֶר , see בֶּגֶר.—בּוֹגֶרֶת, plural בּוֹגְרוֹת, see בָּגַר. ↗ original

בּוֹדִידָה , see בְּדִידָה ↗ original

בּוּדְחָא , see בְּדוֹחָא ↗ original

בּוֹהוּ , see בֹּהוּ ↗ original

בּוֹהֲיָין Bohăyon. Pesachim 57ᵃ (Munich manuscript בוהין); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2 (3), 20 (variant reading נבו היו, בן נבו היין). ↗ original

בֹּוהַק white scurf. Nega'im 1, 5. Sifra Thazr., Nega'im, Chaldaic (Aramaic) X. ↗ original

בּוֹהֲקָא Targum Onkelos Leviticus 13, 38 (edition Berlin edition בּוּהְקָא). ↗ original

בּוֹהֲקָנִי , see בֹּהֲקָ׳ ↗ original

בַּוְותָא , see בַּתְוָא ↗ original

בּוּז to tread upon, whence despise. Aboth 4, 3 אל תהי בָז despise not etc. to divide; see בִּזְבֵּז. ↗ original

בּוּז ² to plunder, ransack. Targum Genesis 34, 27; and frequently—Esther Rabbah to 1, 10 (play on בזתא ibid.) בוז ביתיה plunder his house. to tread. the same place (ibid.) (play on בגתא ואבגתא ibid. as if from בג, compare בגד) בוז ובזבז tread and shatter (see Targum Esther ad loc. (on the passage); compare בָּזוֹזָא). [Most of the forms may be derived frequently בזז.] ↗ original

בּוּזָאָה the Buzite. Targum Job 32, 2; 6. ↗ original

בּוּזְתָא (see בוז) contempt, contumely. Targum Psalms 119, 22.—5. בִּיזָּא 2. ↗ original

בּוֹחַל (בחל 1) properly aversion, sickness, hence (compare באש) a certain stage in the growth of the fig (intermediate between פגה and צמל), when its head becomes white; in a transferred sense the stage of female puberty intermediate between childhood (ילדות) and full womanhood (בגרות). Niddah 5, 7 the Scholars have introduced figurative terms for the stages of womanhood: paggah, boḥal etc.; ב׳ אלו ימי נעוריה boḥal means the days of maidenhood. 5. בָּחַל. ↗ original

בּוּטָא Buta, father of Baba, see בָּבָא 2. ↗ original

בּוֹטְטָא (see the preceding), ב׳ דנורא spark (blossom of light, compare Hebrew נִיצוֹץ).—plural בּוֹטְטֵי, בּוֹטִיטֵי. Bava Metzia 85ᵇ בוטטי דנ׳ מחיוה וכ׳ … Munich manuscript (edition בוטי׳ … ומחייה, correct accordingly) two sparks came forth and struck the eyes of etc. Berachoth 58ᵃ מילתא אמר ר׳ ששת ונפקו ב׳ דנ׳ וכבינהו לעיניה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) (Munich manuscript הב ביה מילתא ונפק בוטיתא דנ׳, omitted in edition, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) R. Sh. spoke a word, and there came forth sparks and blinded him. ↗ original

בּוּטֵּי (בטט) the poor (broken ones). Gittin 37ᵃ; see בּוּלְבּוּטֵיס. ↗ original

בּוֹטִיטָא , see בּוֹטְטָא ↗ original

בּוֹטִיטָה , see בְּטִיטָא ↗ original

בּוּטִּיתָא (בטט; compare בּוֹטְטָא) flower-bud of the caper tree, capers. Berachoth 36ᵇ ושקליה לניצא דפרחא וחייא בו׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition לפרחא דבי׳ ואיקיים … Munich manuscript … לניצא דפרחא והויא בי׳) the blossom of the caper was cut off, but the bud survived. [the same place (ibid.) 58ᵃ בו׳ דנורא Munich manuscript read בּוֹטִיטָא, see בּוֹטְטָא.]—plural בּוּטְיָתָא, בִּיטְיָתָא. Chullin 59ᵃ שב ב׳ וכ׳ seven blossoming capers (Rashi: stones of the caper fruit). Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 4, end, 51ᶜ מרימין … בי׳ to remove the buds. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 1, beginning 27ᵃ באילין בוטיתא, see בְּטִיטָא.] ↗ original

בּוּטְלָן (בטל) idleness. Targum Onkelos Exodus 21, 18 (being incapacitated). indemnity for loss of time. the same place (ibid.) see 19. see בְּטֵילָא. ↗ original

בּוּטְמָא (בטם, √בט, see next word) terebinth (fruit and tree), pistacia terebinthus (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Tereb.). Targum Onkelos Genesis 35, 4; and elsewhere—plural (Hebr., frequently בּוּטְמָה) בּוּטְמִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵃ bottom of the page הלוזין והב׳ וכ׳ nuts and terebinths combined produce pistachio.—Chaldaic (Aramaic) בּוּטְמֵי. Rosh Hashanah 23ᵃ אלונים ב׳ edition (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) אלמונים ב׳; Bereshith Rabbah section 15 אלונים בְּלוּטֵי, Bava Bathra 80ᵇ בּוּטְנֵי, Munich manuscript בוטמי), see אַלּוֹן, אַלְמוֹן I. pistachio (tree or nut). Shevi'ith 7, 5 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word אלה (edition בָּטְנֶה); see next word—plural בּוּטְמִין. Targum Onkelos Genesis 43, 11 edition Berlin edition (other edition a. Yerushalmi (prefix) בוטנין). ↗ original

בּוּטְנָא 1 , √בט to be hollow, swell, see Ges. H. Dictionary under the word בטן) pistachio (nut or tree). Shevi'ith 7, 5 Munich manuscript a. Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Babylonian edition בטנה), see the preceding; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 11 בּוֹטְנֶה;—plural בּוּטְנִין, בּוּטְנֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) (a. O. some edition) Genesis 43, 11; see the preceding Bava Bathra 80ᵇ; see the preceding ↗ original

בּוּטְנָא 2 (בטן) swollen belly, swelling. Vayikra Rabbah section 18, end; Bamidbar Rabbah section 7. ↗ original

בּוֹטְנֶה , see בּוּטְנָא I ↗ original

בּוּטְנָה Batanæa, town and district east of the Jordan, reputed for large commercial fairs (יָרִיד). Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᵈ; Bereshith Rabbah section 47 בָּטְנָן. Cmp. בָּשָׁן (Biblical Hebrew) a. בּוּתְנַן. ↗ original

בוטרגונין Pesikta Rabbati section 10, read טֶטְרָגוֹנִין; see אִסְטְרוֹנְגִּילוֹן ↗ original

בּוּטְשָׁא , see בִּיטְשָׁא ↗ original

בּוֹיְשָׁן , see בַּיְישָׁן ↗ original

בּוּךְ (Biblical Hebrew; √בו or בה, see בהי, בהל)to run to and fro, be agitated. participle בָּיֵיךְ, feminine בָּיְיכָא. Bereshith Rabbah section 87, beginning (explained הומיה וכ׳ Proverbs 7, 11) בייכא היא וטעיא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition שגשיא; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 940 בוכה, correct accordingly) she runs about (revelling) etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵇ (referring to Micah 7, 4) (read:) מן גו דא אנן בָּיְיכִין ובכון וכ׳ therefore we are now in trouble. And they wept etc. Ruth. R. section 3 (before 1, 18) קל ברייתא בייבין (read בייכין) the sound of people runing in excitement (on business). ↗ original

בּוּכָאנָא , see בּוּכְנָא ↗ original

בּוּכְיאר (see the preceding; ר formative, compare חליטר) the weaver’s clue. Shabbath 96ᵇ edition a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Munich manuscript בוב׳, manuscript Oxf. בּוּכְיָיאר, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) variant reading בּוּכְיָאן). ↗ original

בוכלין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 7, beginning 50ᶜ, see כּוֹכְלְיָיס ↗ original

בּוּכָנָא (Syriac (Peshitta) בוקלא; בכן, בקל √בך, בק to split; compare Ges. H. Dictionary under the word בכא) a club, a stripped smooth pole, bar. Eruvin 102ᵃ ב׳ קאמרת (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) בכנא) you speak of a club (with a handle used as a door-bar).—plural בּוּכָאנֵי. Bava Kamma 93ᵇ it says (in the Mishnah), ‘If one robbed pieces of wood and made utensils out of them’ בב׳ דהיינו וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition ב׳ with one ב, Manuscript Hamburg בביכאני) it means that he made them into clubs, that is ‘he polished them’. especially a club (with handles) used as a pestle for crushing olives etc. Shabbath 77ᵇ (playful etymology) בוכנא בׄוׄא ואכׄנה (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) it is called bukhana, ‘come and I shall strike’. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, 60ᶜ bottom of the page ובוכנה דו כתת ביה and concerning a club, for he pounds with it; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 17, 16ᵇ top במכונה (read בבוכנה). Niddah 36ᵇ I am ב׳ דפרזלא וכ׳ an iron pestle which breaks the copper mortar. Betzah 14ᵃ בו׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) בכ׳).—Transferred the rib resting in the pelvis, hip-joint. Chullin 52ᵃ, see אֲסיתָא. ↗ original

בּוּכְנָה (the preceding) the peduncle (or upper stem) deeply seated in the Ethrog (like the rib in the pelvis). Sukkah 35ᵇ בּוּכְנָתוֹ, explained פִּיטֵּם. ↗ original

בּוּכְרָא 1 (בכר) = Hebrew בְּכוֹר, first-born. Targum Exodus 12, 29; and frequently—Chullin 44ᵇ; and frequently—Bava Bathra 126ᵇ ב׳ סכלא (Hebrew בכור שוטה) foolish (wild) first-born, i.e. a first-born by his mother but not by his father (having no privileges).—plural בּוּכְרַיָּא, בּוּכְרִין. Targum Psalms 135, 8; and elsewhere—Fem. בּוּכְרְתָא. Berachoth 6ᵃ ב׳ בת ב׳ a first-born cat whose mother is a first-born.—[ = Hebrew בִּכּוּרָה. plural בּוּכְרֵי first fruits. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 33, 14. (Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2. בִּכְרָא).] ↗ original

בּוּכְרָא 2 (see the preceding) the first, i.e. lowest layer in the clay dam; see אַרְכַּבְתָּא. Bava Metzia 103ᵇ ↗ original

*בּוּכַּרְיָא (masculine plural?) feminine (baccar, baccaris; βάκχαρις = ἄσαρον; see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Asaron, Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 370) baccar, an aromatic plant supposed to be hazelwort or spike-nard. Shevi'ith 7, 2 (Munich manuscript כובריא). Tosefta Kilayim 3, 12 בורכייר edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (other edition ברכוייר, ברכוייד). ↗ original

בּוּל 1 to mix, see בִּיל. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 27ᵈ קום ב׳ read כּוּל.] ↗ original

בּוּל 2 (see the preceding a. בָּלַל) something kneaded together, a handful, ball, lump. Shabbath 67ᵇ; 128ᵇ ב׳ של מלח a lump of salt. Bava Metzia 90ᵃ ב׳ מאותו המין a handful (fodder) of the same species; see below.—plural בּוּלוֹת, בּוּלִים, בּוּלִין clods, see next word—Bereshith Rabbah section 13 ב׳ ב׳ של אדמה clods of moist ground. Bamidbar Rabbah section 2 sand is thrown into the fire ומוציאו בולים and he brings it out as lumps (of glass); see בּוּלָס. fodder. Vayikra Rabbah section 22 (explained בול הרים Job 40, 20); Tanchuma Pinḥ. 12. ↗ original

בּוּל 3 (probably frequently נבל) Bul, the biblical name for the eighth month (Marḥeshvan); see מַרְחֶשְׁוַן. Rosh Hashanah 1, 56ᵈ bottom of the page (etym. of בול) שהעלה נובלת וכ׳ the leaves decay and the ground is cloddy; see the preceding—Tanchuma Noaḥ 11, the month is named bul, ירח שבוללין לבהמות וכ׳ the month when cattle is given mixed fodder from what is in the house; Pesikta Rabbati section 7. ↗ original

בּוּלָאוֹת , see בּוּלִי ↗ original

בּוּלְבּוּטֵיס (corruption of βουλευτής) senator. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵃ ארכינטס וב׳ (correct accordingly) archont or senator; see בּוּלֶבְטֵס.—plural בּוּלְבּוּטֵי. Gittin 36ᵇ and the following (explain. פרוסבול) פרוס בולי ובוטי (probably a Babyl. corruption of בולי בולבוטי πρὸς βουλῇ βουλευτῶν) before the council of senators. the same place (ibid.) 37ᵃ (as if two words) בולי ובו׳ וכ׳ bulé are the rich, bute (as if frequently בטט, play on עבט) the poor (broken ones). ↗ original

בּוּלְבּוֹס (βολβός, bulbus) in gen. bulbous root, especially bulbus, a delicious kind of onion, or musk-hyacinth. — plural (בולפ׳) בּוּלְבְּסִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 22ᶜ bottom of the page (edition כולכסין, correct accordingly). ʿUktsin 3, 2 בולבסין variant reading in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word בלפסין (edition בלוסין, כלוסין; Maimonides: ענב אלדיב = Solanum nigrum, see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 296 a. 393). [Bereshith Rabbah section 41 בולבוס some edition, read: בולמוס.] ↗ original

בּוּלֶבְטֵס (incorr. … טוס) masculine (βουλευτής, see בולבוטס) senator, councilman. Bereshith Rabbah section 76 this one is rich נעבדיניה בל׳ (Yalkut Shimoni Daniel 1064 בולטוס, correct accordingly) let us make him a senator (to ruin him, see ארכונטוס). Koheleth Rabbah beginning בלווטוס (correct accordingly); Shir HaShirim Rabbah beginning בוליוטוס.—Sifré Deuteronomy 309 בליוסטוס, בלאיוסטוס; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 942 בליוסטוס, correct accordingly—plural בּוּלֶוְוטִין, בּוּלֶבְטֵי, טַיָּיא …, טַיָּיה … Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page Echah Rabbah to 2, 2. Ibid, לאיבדא (לע׳) בוליוטין, read לאיעבדא בוליוטיס; see אַרְכוֹנְטוֹס. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᵃ בולווטיה דציפורין the council of Sepphoris. Vayikra Rabbah section 11 אלו הבוליותוס (read … טין). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 12, 13ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 3, end, 48ᶜ בולווטייא family heads entitled to seats in the Bulé of Sepphoris. ↗ original

בּוּלְבְּסִין , see בּוּלְבּוֹס ↗ original

בּוּלְדָּאר , see בַּלְדָּר ↗ original

בּוּלֶוְוטֵס , see בּוּלֶבְטֵס ↗ original

בּוּלוֹס , see בּוּלָס ↗ original

בּוּלְטִיתָא (בלט, see בלל; Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 533) crumbling, corrosion, being worm-eaten. Targum Job 41, 19 קיסא ב׳ (read דב׳) worm-eaten wood. Targum Proverbs 25, 20; 12, 4 manuscript (edition מַלְטִיתָא, Pesh. בל׳). ↗ original

*בּוּלִי 1 Buli (probably the assembly building of the Senate in Sepphoris, compare בּוּלֶבְטֵס end). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 7, 50ᶜ bottom of the page (Babylonian edition כולי, other כולית׳, קוליתא, edition Just. ב׳; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) p. 62, note 30); Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᵃ bottom of the page כנישתא דב׳ assembly (or synagogue) of B.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 43ᵇ bottom of the page צלמא דב׳ (edition Krot. דכ׳) a statue (idol) in front of the Bulé(?). ↗ original

בּוּלִי 2 (βουλή) council, assembly, especially senate, city council. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᶜ top בפני כל ב׳ שלו in the presence of the whole council over which he presided; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᵇ top of the page the same place (ibid.) פטר ב׳, see פַּטְרוֹבּוּלוֹס. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 1, 39ᵃ top כולי (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 2, 81ᵇ אם הזכירוך לב׳ וכ׳ if they have mentioned (nominated) thee for the bulé, let the Jordan be thy neighbor, i.e. hide thyself in the bushes near the Jordan. the same place (ibid.) להפטר מב׳ to be exempt from serving in the bulé; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 8, 26ᵇ top of the page Bereshith Rabbah section 6 ב׳ ודימוס senate and people (senatus populusque). Shemoth Rabbah section 15 וכן דימוס וכן כולם (read בולי) and so did the people and so the senate. Gittin 37ᵃ, see בּוּלְבּוּטֵס.—plural בּוֹלִייּוֹת, בּוֹלָאוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, 38ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 3, 34ᵈ bottom of the page כ"ד ב׳ twenty four city councils, i.e. cities or districts having their own councilmen; [Tanchuma Vayikra 7; Matt. 1 ב׳ אלפים עיירות]; Pesikta Rabbati section 22 אלות (read בולאות). Gittin 37ᵃ ↗ original

בוליוטוס , see בּוּלֶבְטֵיס ↗ original

בוליטין , see בּוּרְגִּין ↗ original

בולים , see בּוּלָס ↗ original

בּוּלְמוֹס (βούλιμος, bulimus) ravenous hunger, bulimy, especially faintness from fasting. Yoma 8, 6 (83ᵃ). Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 11 (some edition incorr. … ות); and frequently—Transferred ב׳ של עריות morbid carnal appetite, sexual passion. Bereshith Rabbah section 51; section 41; and elsewhere ↗ original

בּוּלָס (בלס; compare ὕαλος, ὕελος) a shapeless mass, a glass-ball. Bamidbar Rabbah section 2 ומוציאו בולים (see בּוּל 2, some edition בוליס). Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᵈ top נוסך כלים (correct accordingly); Bereshith Rabbah section 12 מוצק כלים read: נוסך ב׳, see Aruch (Sefer HeArukh)) casts a lense; see אֲנַנְקֵי.—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Parah p. 39ᵇ גלויים לכם כהדין ב׳; Pesikta Rabbati section 14; Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 759 צפים כהדין ב׳ perspicuous (clear) as crystal; compare Bamidbar Rabbah section 19 כהדין סמיא a. Mat. Keh. ad loc. (on the passage) ↗ original

בּוּלְסָא , especially glass-lump, unshaped and prepared for casting into vessels. Shabbath 154ᵇ בבלוסא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בכולסא, read as Rashi a. manuscript בבולסא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 1) what is meant here are glass lumps (which may be broken without loss).—plural בּוּלְסַיָּיא, בּוּלְסִין crystals or glass vessels. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 60ᶜ top אילין ב׳ those glass vessels (what is the law concerning their division among heirs)? the same place (ibid.) חכים … בולסיין סגין (correct accordingly) thou art known to have plenty of glass vessels. ↗ original

בּוֹלְסִיף , see בּוֹרְסִיף ↗ original

בולפסין , Tosefta Kilayim 3, 12, see בּוּלְבּוֹס ↗ original

בולקס , Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 66ᵃ, see כַּלְקִיס ↗ original

בּוֹלְרָא (follis, follera; see next word a. Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Senatus) follera, name of a Roman land-tax, adopted by the Persians. Bava Kamma 113ᵇ בב׳ וכרגא וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition דברלא ארעא וכרגא, read בב׳ ארנונא וכ׳, Munich manuscript בכולארא וכ׳, Manuscript Rome בכלודא וארנונא ואכרגא, correct accordingly) with reference to follera, annona and charga of the ensuing year. ↗ original

בּוֹלְרִין (φολλερόν, S.) obol, a small coin. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1 if one drops סלע או ב׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) בלורין, edition כילרין) a Sela or (even) a folleron. 5. פּוֹלָר. ↗ original

בולרין Bereshith Rabbah section 8, see בלורין ↗ original

בולשפטי , see בֵּלְשָׁפָט ↗ original

בּוֹלֶשֶׁת , see בַּלֶּשֶׁת ↗ original

בּוּן 1 Bun, abbreviated or abbreviation of אַבּוּן; name of several Amoraim. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 4, end, 48ᶜ ר׳ אבון ור׳ ב׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 6ᶜ בין some edition (correct accordingly); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 56ᶜ top, and frequently R. B. bar Ḥiya.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 45ᶜ, and frequently R. B. bar Kahana; see Friedman M’bo p. 67ᵇ and the following ↗ original

בּוּן 2 to understand, see בִּין. ↗ original

בּוּנָה Bunah, abbr. of אַבּוּנָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 2, 44ᵇ ב׳ בר שילא (edition Krot. בינה שילוח, see marginal note ad loc. (on the passage)). ↗ original

בּוּנִי Buni or Bunai; name of one of the alleged disciples of Jesus of Nazareth. Sanhedrin 43ᵃ Munich manuscript a. edition Venice (omitted in later edition, see Graetz Gesch. d. Judges 3 (2ᵈ edition) p. 243; Rœsch Jesusmythen p. 99). name of a pious and liberal man, otherwise named Nakdimon. Taanith 20ᵃ ↗ original

בּוּס , see בָּסַס ↗ original

בּוּסְיָא , see בַּסְיָא ↗ original

בֹּוסֶם flavor, perfume, spices. Sanhedrin 108ᵃ מקום הב׳ (variant reading מבושם) place for spices, opposite מקום הטנופת.—[Tosefta Kiddushin 2, 4 נעשה בוסם, edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), read בַּסָּם.] ↗ original

בֹּוסַם Targum Exodus 30, 25; and frequently—plural בּוּסְמִין, בּוּסְמַיָּא, בּוּשְׂ׳, בֻּסְ׳, בֻּשְׂ׳. the same place (ibid.) 27; 34; and frequently ↗ original

בּוּסְמָן (the preceding) aromatic fluid for sprinkling.—plural בּוּסְמָנִין, construct state בּוּסְמָנֵי. Bamidbar Rabbah section 13 ב׳ ג"ע (some edition בִּי׳) the aromas of paradise (carried by winds). ↗ original

בּוּסְמָנָא . Targum 2, Esther 1, 2. see בּוּסְמָנַיָּא. ↗ original

בּוּסְמָנוּ (the preceding) art of making perfumes, Targum Onkelos Exodus 30, 25; and elsewhere ↗ original

בּוּסְמָנַיָּא (the preceding words) aromas, ointments etc. Targum I Kings 10, 10. Targum Ruth. 3, 3; and elsewhere ↗ original

בֹּוסֶר half-ripe fruit, especially grapes. Shevi'ith 4, 8 הב׳ משהביא וכ׳ the boser from the time it contains liquid. Gittin 3, 8 (31ᵃ) בשעת כניסת המים בב׳ when the liquid is beginning to gather in the boser; (other opinion when it can be put in water for making vinegar; see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)). Pesachim 53ᵃ הוא ב׳ וכ׳ boser indicates the same stage of ripening as gerua, see גָּרַע Hif'il Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 49ᵃ top; Sukkah 36ᵃ אתרוג הב׳ a half-ripe Ethrog. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 6, 5ᵇ bottom of the page; and frequently ↗ original

בּוּסְרָא Targum Psalms 58, 10 (Hebrew text חַי); and elsewhere ↗ original

בּוּסְרַן (בסר 1) contempt; see בַּסְרָנוּתָא. Targum Ezek. 7, 19. ↗ original

בּוּסְתָּנָא (Pers. bûstân) garden, orchard. Shabbath 30ᵇ. Eruvin 25ᵇ.—plural בּוּסְתָּנֵי. Bava Bathra 61ᵇ.—Targum 2 Esther 3, 8 בּוּסְתְּנָנָא our orchards (collect.). ↗ original

בּוּסְתְּקָא , see בִּסְתְּקָא ↗ original

בּוּעַ (√בע, compare נבע, בץ, בט) to swell, burst forth, whence (of sound) to shout, rejoice. Targum Isaiah 14, 7 (Hebrew text פצח). the same place (ibid.) 65, 19; and frequently—participle feminine בְּיָעָא. the same place (ibid.) 18 (variant reading בִּיעָא). ↗ original

בּוּעָא (see the preceding) swelling, abscess, mostly applied to tubercles of the lungs. Chullin 46ᵇ and the following; and frequently 5. בּוּעֲתָא I. ↗ original

בועדא , see next word ↗ original

*בּוּעֲתָא 1 (see בּוּעָא) abscess. Sanhedrin 84ᵇ למיפתח בוע׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (variant reading Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בותא, edition כוותא) to cut open an abscess. [Targum Proverbs 23, 29 (variant reading פודעתא).—plural בּוּעֲתָתָא. the same place (ibid.) 20, 30 (variant reading פודעתא).] ↗ original

בּוּעֲתָא 2 (בוע) bursting forth, rejoicing. Targum Job 20, 5. Targum Psalms 43, 4 בָּעוּתִי (probably בּוּעָ׳). ↗ original

*בּוּעֲתָא 3 (בוע) alarm-post, signal-pole. Targum Isaiah 30, 17 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition pr. (Hebrew תֹּרֶן, taken frequently רנן; other edition Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בועדא, Targum edition בֹּועֲרָא which see). ↗ original

בּוּץ 1 (compare בּוּעַ) to swell, bubble, burst forth, shine. Pilp. בִּצְבֵּץ. ↗ original

בּוּץ 2 see the preceding) linen, byssus. Yoma 7, 1 (68ᵇ and the following), see בַּד 4; and elsewhere ↗ original

בּוּץ same. Targum Esther 8, 15. Targum Genesis 41, 42; and elsewhere—plural בּוּצִין. Targum Job 18, 13 manuscript variant reading (edition בּוּצְנִין) linen garments (Hebrew text בַּדֵּי). (see בּוּצִין) wick. Targum Isaiah 42, 3; 43, 17 (variant reading בוצין; Hebrew text פשתה). swamp, see בִּצָּא. ↗ original

בוציא , Tosefta Shabbath 7 (8), 1 a word in a charm formula; see יממיא ↗ original

בּוּצְיָאתָא , see בִּיצִיתָא ↗ original

בּוּצִין (frequently בוץ to shine; orig. a plur. of בּוּצָא) wicks; see בּוּצָא.—In gen. candle, lamp, light. Targum I Samuel 3, 3; and elsewhere—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 4 (explained Isaiah 21, 5) אקימת מנרתא אדליקת ב׳ thou hast put up the lamp, lighted the wicks. Shabbath 30ᵃ לכבות ב׳ דנורא to put out a lamp (Munich manuscript omits דנורא).—Sanhedrin 14ᵃ ב׳ דנהורא bright light (wise man). Bereshith Rabbah section 85 (play on שוע, Genesis 38, 2, see שַׁעֲוָה) ב׳ דאתרא the light of the town (leader); and frequently—plural בֹּוצִינַיָּא. Targum Exodus 30, 7 and the following; and elsewhere (in Babylonian dialect; compare בטי) a young pumpkin, contradistinguished to קרא the full-grown one. Berachoth 48ᵃ (proverb) ב׳ ב׳ מקיניה ידיע Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Rashi (edition מקטפיה; Munich manuscript בוצינא מקיטפיה ידע, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) the young pumpkin is known by its shaft [by what oozes out of it, מקיטפיה], i.e. the future scholar is recognized by his utterings in childhood. Sukkah 56ᵇ a young pumpkin (now) is better than a large one (later); (different interpretation or differently interpreted in Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage)); and elsewhere—plural בֹּוצִינַיָּא, בֹּוצִינֵי. Targum Onkelos Numbers 11, 5.—Nedarim 66ᵇ (a misunderstanding of בוציני betw. a Babylonian husband and a Palestinean wife). Yoma 78ᵃ מצטנן בב׳ Munich manuscript (edition בינוקא) cooled his hands with young pumpkins.—Megillah 12ᵃ and the following (proverb) איהו בקרי וכ׳ (variant reading בי וכו׳; Sotah 10ᵃ בי קארי וכ׳) the husband between the old pumpkins, his wife between the young ones, i.e. a faithless husband makes a faithless wife.— (from its shape) ב׳ דריחייא the pivot (Rashi); the hole (socket) in the lower millstone (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh)). Pesachim 94ᵇ (variant reading סדנא). ↗ original

בּוּצִית , see בִּיצּ׳ ↗ original

בּוּצְלָא (Hebrew בָּצֵל, see בְּצַל) onion. — plural בּוּצְלַיָּא, בּוּצְלֵי, בָּצְ׳. Targum Numbers 11, 5.—Kiddushin 62ᵃ; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, 34ᵃ bottom of the page ב׳ כופריא וכ׳ country onions which mature no seeds; Bereshith Rabbah section 82, see בָּצֵל. *Bereshith Rabbah section 95, end וקלף ב׳ peel the onions (i.e. take all we have); [the passage seems to be corrupt; the explanation beginning with פי׳ is a glossator’s note].—Kiddushin 62ᵇ; see next word ↗ original

בּוּצְלָנָא (see the preceding) onion-like plants, leeks. Kiddushin 62ᵇ; see אֲגַם 2. ↗ original

בּוּצָנָא linen garment; plural בּוּצְנִין, see בּוּצָא. ↗ original

בוצציא , see יממיא ↗ original

בֹּוצְרָאָה , see next words ↗ original

בֹּוצְרָה , see בצר) Bozrah (Fortress), an Idumean town, the home of several scholars. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 7, 56ᵃ bottom of the page—Denomin. ↗ original

בֹּוצְרָיָיה of Bozrah. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 6, beginning 39ᶜ. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 1. Echah Rabbah to 4, 20 בָּצְרָאָה.—Fem. Hebrew בֹּוצְרִית. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 3, beginning 65ᶜ a Bozrah fig. ↗ original

בֹּוצְרָתָא , see בַּצֹּורְתָּא ↗ original

בּוּקָא (compare אָבִיק, Biblical Hebrew בַּקְבּוּק for which 70, βύκος, βίκος; compare בועא, בוצין) an earthen vessel, pitcher. — plural בּוּקֵי. Avodah Zarah 37ᵇ, and elsewhere לא תתלו ביה ב׳ וכ׳ hang not empty pitchers on R. N., i.e. do not pronounce him the author of such an absurdity; and frequently (frequently its shape) hind leg, thigh. Chullin 42ᵇ; 54ᵃ; 54ᵇ; see אַטְמָא. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word פטם quotes בוכנא.] ↗ original

בּוּקְיָא Beth Bukya. Yevamoth 84ᵃ ↗ original

בּוּקְיוֹן (βουκκίων, bucco; see Sachs Sachs, Beitrage 2, 121; Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Atellanæ Fabulæ) bucco, the clown in the Atellanæ Fabulæ of the Romans. Avodah Zarah 18ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 6 ב׳ ומוקיון; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 40ᵃ מוקיון מופיון (correct accordingly) Bucco and Macchus. ↗ original

בוקינוס (bucina, βυκάνη) bucinæ, horns used in the Roman camps to proclaim the watches of the day and the night. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 12 he appointed over them (read:) קלאנין בב׳ ושופר (see Yalkut Shimoni Song of Songs 983) criers with bucinæ and Shofar. Vayikra Rabbah section 29; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod. p. 152ᵃ; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 645; Numbers 782; Psalms 840 (correct accordingly). [Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 81, 4 ספק ידים, read קרנות ב׳ וסלפינגין.] ↗ original

בוקלסא , see בַּקְלָסָא ↗ original

בֹּוקֶר , see בֹּקֶר ↗ original

בּוּקְתָא , see בִּקְתָא end. ↗ original

בּוּר 1 (√בה, see בהה) to be empty, waste, uncultivated. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 6, 25ᵇ top שלא תָבוּר א"י in order that Palestine should not lie waste. the same place (ibid.) יובירו ואל וכ׳; (read as) Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, end, 40ᵇ יָבוּרוּ let them rather lie waste than rent them to a gentile.—participle בָּר, בָּרָה a. בֹּורָה. Bava Metzia 101ᵃ שתהא ברה בידו in order that the field may rather lie waste in his own possession; compare Yerushalmi (prefix) the passage cited [Rashi frequently ברר to be clear and firm in his possession, by buying it back from the gentile. R. Ḥan., in Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage), בֹּורָה, lying waste in the gentile’s possession; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 90.] Bava Bathra 168ᵃ לא צריכא [דאפי׳] בבורה (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) it means to say that even in the case of an unbroken field being rented, the tenant has to pay the scribe’s fees; Rashi: even if the field will have to lie fallow for some time to come yet. [Cmp. participle fem. חוֹלָה frequently חוּל.] Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֵבִיר a. הוֹבִיר (frequently יבר, or אבר) to let lie waste; to neglect. Arachin 9, 1 (29ᵇ) הֵבִירָהּ (הוֹ׳) if he let it untilled. Shemoth Rabbah section 27, end הוֹבִירָהּ. Bava Metzia 9, 3 הו׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition הב׳). Bereshith Rabbah section 82 מֵבִירָן (מוֹבִירָן; Koheleth Rabbah to 4, 6 מְבַיְּירָן Pi'el). Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיֵּיר same. Koheleth Rabbah the passage cited, see above. Shemoth Rabbah section 32 (play on שית in אשיתך Jeremiah 3, 19) בִּיַּירְתֶּם עצמיכם ye neglected yourselves (mentally).— (denominative of בּוֹר 2 or בִּיר) to prepare a pitfall, to entrap. Vayikra Rabbah section 19; see בִּירָנִית 2). ↗ original

בּוּר Chaldaic (Aramaic) as the preceding Kal. Targum Onkelos Genesis 47, 19.—participle בָּיִיר. Taanith 6ᵇ לא בָּיְירֵי וכ׳ the halls (academies) are not empty (other explained: the gardens do not lie waste). Vayikra Rabbah section 1, beginning he sees חקליה בָּיְירָה וכ׳ (variant reading ביירא) his field waste (in the Sabbath year) etc. Af'el הִפְעִיל אוֹבֵיר as the preceding Hif'il—Bava Metzia 9, 3; the same place (ibid.) 104ᵇ אי מוֹבַרְנָא לה if I should let it lie waste. *. אִתְּבָר to become empty (stupid). Targum Jeremiah 10, 14 (Hebrew text נבער). ↗ original

בּוּר 2 (compare בֹּור I) something waste, wild-growing, whence weed, brier. Targum Isaiah 7, 23; and elsewhere (always with הוֹבַאי which see; Hebrew text שמיר ושית). (adjective) coarse, indigestible. plural בּוּרִין. Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 18 the one ate מלין ב׳ coarse food. ↗ original

בֹּור to choose, see בָּרַר. ↗ original

בֹּור 1 (see בּוּר I) uncultivated, an uncultured person, mannerless, ruffian. Aboth. 2, 5; and frequently—Mikvaoth 9, 6 של בור, see בַּנָּאִים.—plural בֹּורִים. Bamidbar Rabbah section 3, beginning ↗ original

בּוֹר 2 (rarely fem.) (Biblical Hebrew; see בּוּר I a. pit, cistern, often = בְּאֵר. Eruvin 2, 4 contradistinguished to בְּאֵר, see the same place (ibid.) 18ᵃ ב׳ מכונסין … באר מים חיים.—Bava Bathra 64ᵃ ב׳ בחפירה bor means a pit or well gained by mere digging (without masonry), see דּוּת. Bava Kamma 5, 5 (50ᵇ), and frequently ב׳ שיח ומערה a narrow pit (about ten hand-breadths deep), a lengthy ditch, and a spacious cavity. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 2, 18ᵃ, see בְּאֵר. Bava Kamma 6ᵃ ב׳ תוכיח the word bor proves. Taanith 8ᵃ, see חוּלְדָּה.—Transferred obstacle, danger (see Exodus 21, 33 and the following). Bava Kamma 6ᵃ ב׳ המתגלגל a moving danger (e.g. a rolling stone).—ב׳ וסירה, see סִירָה.—ב׳ הגדול the Large Well, ב׳ הגולה the Pilgrims’ Well, names of cisterns in the Temple premises. Eruvin 10, 14; Middoth 5, 4.—ב׳ ספינה אלכסנדרית the tank of sweet water in Alexandrian merchantmen. Oholoth 8, 1; Shabbath 35ᵃ; and elsewhere—[the same place (ibid.) 77ᵇ ב׳ זינקא, see בּוּרְזִינְקָא.] a receptacle for oil or wine in the press. Maasroth 4, 1 כב׳ קטן like an oil tank on a small scale. Avodah Zarah 4, 8 עד שירד לב׳ until the wine comes into the tank.—plural בּוֹרוֹת. Bava Bathra 17ᵇ; and frequently—Eruvin 104ᵇ ב׳ הקרות, see הָקֵר.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 19ᵃ bottom of the page אני ובורך = ובוראך I and thy Creator.] ↗ original

בּוֹרֵא Creator. Avoth 4, 22; and frequently Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 19ᵃ bottom of the page, see the preceding ↗ original

בּוּרָא 1 Targum Proverbs 12, 1; 30, 2 (Hebrew text בַּעַר).—plural [בּוּרֵי. the same place (ibid.) 22, 3 manuscript a. edition Venice probably a gloss for ושברי.] בּוּרַיָּא. Vayikra Rabbah section 18, beginning (opposite חבריא). ↗ original

בּוּרָא 2 (doubtful) little cavity, hole. Shabbath 103ᵃ לב׳ דקרא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) לבֵירָא, edition בִּיזְרָא which see). female’s pudenda. the same place (ibid.) 140ᵇ Rashi, variant reading (probably cler. error; edition כורא), see בִּזְרָא. ↗ original

בורבלין , see כּוֹרַבְלִין ↗ original

בּוּרְגִּין (πυργίον, πύργος) burgus) little turret, isolated place of residence, often used as a station for travellers (castellum; see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Mansio). Vayikra Rabbah section 7 הגיע לב׳ וכ׳ he arrived at the first station etc.; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Eth. Korb. p. 61ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בורגנין, Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 479, end כור דגן, correct accordingly). Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 10, 1.—plural בּוּרְגְּנִים, בּוּרְגְּנִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 75ᶜ bottom of the page הדר בב׳ he who takes lodging in etc. (contradistinguished to פונדקי).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 5, 22ᵇ bottom of the page ע"י מערות וב׳ on account of a connected Sabbath line by means of underground walks and of turrets; (Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6 (5), 8 מגדלות). Eruvin 21ᵃ אין ב׳ בבבל the law as to stations in the neighborhood of towns eventually counted as outskirts for measuring Sabbath limits, cannot be applied to Babylon etc. the same place (ibid.) 55ᵇ והב׳ שבתוכן Munich manuscript (edition שבתוכה) and the station houses in the fields (containing provision and lodging rooms). Maasroth 3, 7, see אִלְקָטִית. Mechilta Yith. Baḥod. 1 הרי … את הבּוּרְגְּסִין ואת הבורגמין וכ׳ (read ואת הבּוּרְגִּינִין) ye are now forced to keep in repair the large and small stations for those going to the royal vineyards (probably to be read כרכים fortresses).—Vayikra Rabbah section 37; Eruvin 64ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 40ᵃ bottom of the page (בורנין, correct accordingly); Tosefta Pesachim I (2), 27 מעיירות (הללו) של ב׳ אני I am one of those station guards. Echah Rabbah to 1, 4 it does not read (the roads are in mourning) מבלי ב׳ מבלי בוליטין (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בליוטין, read בַּלִּיסְטִין) because they are not guarded with turrets and catapults. [Midrash Tehillim the passage cited הבורגן, see בּוּרְגָּנִי.] ↗ original

בורגמין , see the preceding ↗ original

בּוּרְגִּן , see בּוּרְגִּין a. next article ↗ original

בּוּרְגָּנָה , see next word ↗ original

בּוּרְגָּנִי (denominative of בורגין) keeper or resident of a station house. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 10, 1 when it grew dark, בא לו הבורגן (read … ני) the burgani came to him. the same place (ibid.) חזר … אצל הב׳ he turned back and came to the burgani. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 4, 43ᵈ אתא גביה בורגנה edition Krot. (other edition בורגנרה, read בורגני or בורגרי) a station guardsman (burgarius) came to him. ↗ original

בורגנרה , see the preceding ↗ original

בּוּרְגָּר (burgarius) castle-guard, station soldier. Bereshith Rabbah section 36; see next word—5. the preceding ↗ original

בּוּרְגָּרוּת (denominative of the preceding) station. Bereshith Rabbah section 36 Noah is called ‘a man of the ground’ (Genesis 9, 20) בורגר לשם ב׳ as the burgarius is called by the name of the castle; (Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 61 בורגרתֵיה, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) תֵה … his station). ↗ original

בּוּרְגָּתָה Burgatha, Barkatha, a Galilean place north of Samaria; see Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 173. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ; Babylonian Avodah Zarah 31ᵃ ברק׳. ↗ original

בורדיקי Pesachim 40ᵇ, see אַכְוַנְגַּר ↗ original

בּוּרְדְּלָא (a corruption of flagellum, compare פַּרְגַּל; late Lat. burdillus; compare late Greek βουρδουλίζειν, Sachs Sachs, Beitrage 2, 88 note) club, whip. — plural בּוּרְדְּלִין blows, lashes. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 81ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 225 בורלודין (correct accordingly; Mechilta Beshallach 1 מכות).—בַּרְדִּילַיָּא. Bamidbar Rabbah section 13 חמית שוטיא וב׳ she beheld the rods and whips. ↗ original

בורדס , see the preceding ↗ original

בּוּרְדְּסִין , see בִּרְדְּסִין ↗ original

בורדקאי Pesachim 40ᵇ, see אַכְוַנְגַּר ↗ original

בּוֹרָה fallow ground, see בּוּר I. ↗ original

בּוֹרוּת (בּוֹר 1) emptiness, senselessness.—דברי ב׳ unmeaning things, nonsense. Niddah 69ᵇ; 70ᵇ ↗ original

בּוּרְזִינְקָא (a compound or composed of בור a. זינקא, see זנק) a leaping well, i.e. a well which springs forth periodically to disappear again (see Isaiah 58, 11). Shabbath 77ᵇ edition in two words (correct accordingly; compare בּוּרְדָּם; Munich manuscript בור זיקנא, correct accordingly), phonetic etymol. בור זה נקי this well is empty. [Syriac (Peshitta) בר זנקא ocrea, בור זינקא tiara, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 586 and the following, Nöld. Mand. Gr. p. 20 (compare בֵּירִית, בּוּרְכַּיָּיר) have nothing to do with our word] ↗ original

בּוֹרָי , plural בּוֹרָאוֹת, בּוֹרָייוֹת (בּוּר 1) trees which fail to thrive after transplantation. Bava Bathra 95ᵃ מקבל עליו עשר ב׳ למאה Manuscript Hamburg a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בורייות, בוריות, Munich manuscript טראות לסאה correct accordingly) the owner must be prepared for ten failures out of one hundred trees planted (and has no claim on the contractor). ↗ original

בּוֹרִי (see בָּרִי) strength, health, normal condition. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 7, 48ᶜ bottom of the page נשתתק מתוך בּוֹרְיוֹ lost his speech while in his normal health (suddenly), opposite מתון חוליו. Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 1, 49ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 5, 30ᵃ bottom of the page פירש מתוך (בָּרְיוֹ) בוריו the child ceased to suck while in normal health. Mechilta Mishpatim N’zikin. 6; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 4, 28ᶜ top (explained על משענתו Exodus 21, 19 ‘on his own support’) על בוריו restored to his former health. Mechilta the passage cited 13 על בריו. compare אָשַׁר) certainty, evidence, assertion. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 16ᵈ עמדי על בורייך stand by thy assertion (be not intimidated). Bereshith Rabbah section 70 מעמידין אותו על בוריו they establish it (the law) on its strength, i.e. arrive at a final decision. ↗ original

בּוּרְיָא 1 Targum Onkelos Exodus 21, 19 על בּוּרְיֵיה, see the preceding ↗ original

*בּוּרְיָא 2 (see בַּר I; = Hebrew חוֹצֶלֶת, מַחֲצֶלֶת) reed-matting used for partitions, coverings etc. [variant reading בּוּדְיָא, against Syriac (Peshitta) בוריא a. best manuscripts, see בַּד 3.] Sukkah 20ᵇ מסככין בב׳ Munich manuscript 2 (edition a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) with ד, Munich manuscript 1 בכ׳) you may cover the festive booth with matting. Bechoroth 8ᵇ. Bava Metzia 67ᵇ תמרי דאבודיא edition (Munich manuscript דעל בורי׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) dates spread on mattings. Eruvin 8ᵃ an alley כריך ב׳ (with ד, edition, Munich manuscript with ר) surrounded by a partition of matting.—the same place (ibid.) 102ᵃ זיל כרוך ב׳ וכ׳ go and fold the matting up (for the night), but leave a handbreadth of it spread.—plural בּוּרְיָתָא. Sukkah the passage cited Munich manuscript בוריתא a. ביריתא (Munich manuscript 2 בריתא). ↗ original

בּוֹרְיָא Creator, see בָּרְיָא. ↗ original

בּוֹרֵיק , see בָּרַק ↗ original

בּוֹרִית a sort of soap, lixivium, Niddah 9, 6. Shabbath 9, 5. the same place (ibid.) 90ᵃ; Niddah 62ᵃ, see אֳהָל, אַהֲלָא, זֵיתָא 2 a. כַּבְרִיתָא. Kerith. 6ᵃ ב׳ כרשינה a borith won out of a leek. ↗ original

בּוּרִית , see בֵּירִית ↗ original

בּוֹרֶךְ , see בֶּרֶךְ ↗ original

בּוּרְכָּא (see ברך) something hollow, absurdity; compare בּוֹר I. Kethuboth 63ᵇ; Chullin 88ᵇ; Shevuoth 12ᵇ הא ב׳ this is entirely unfounded (or absurd). מאי בורכתיה (… תא) wherein does its absurdity (or hollowness) consist?—[בּוּרְכָּא knee, shoot, see בִּרְכָּא.]. ↗ original

בורכייר , Tosefta Kilayim 3, 12 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), see בּוּכַּרְיָא ↗ original

בּוּרְכַּיָּיר , see בִּרְכַּיָּיר ↗ original

בּוּרְכְּתָא , see בּוּרְכָּא ↗ original

בּוּרְלָא , see בִּירְלָא ↗ original

בורלא Bava Kamma 113ᵇ variant reading, see בּוֹלְרָא ↗ original

בורלודין , see בּוּרְדְּלָא ↗ original

בּוּרְמָא (ברם = פרם, compare Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1, 616) a wedge. Echah Rabbah to 3, 12, see אִסְפְּרִיסָא. ↗ original

בּוּרָן , see בְּרִין ↗ original

בּוּרְנִי 1 (ברני) feminine (Λιβυρνίς, supply (understood word) ναῦς) Liburnian (ship), a light fast-sailing vessel. Targum Isaiah 33, 21; Yoma 77ᵇ (citation of Targum the passage cited). Rosh Hashanah 23ᵃ. Bava Metzia 80ᵇ ג׳ כורין לב׳ וכ׳ an addition of three khor is a culpable overload for a large liburna. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᵃ bottom of the page בורניות, see בִּרְיוֹן.] [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 36, 2 בורנייתא some edition, see כּוּדְנָא.] ↗ original

בּוּרְנִי 2 Burni, a place near Lydda. Sanhedrin 32ᵇ ↗ original

בּוּרְנִין , see בִּירַנְתָּא. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 40ᵃ bottom of the page, see בּוּרְגִּין.] ↗ original

בורסגניות , Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 2, read כְּרוּסַרְגוּרִיּוֹת, see כְּרִיסוֹאַרְגִּירָא ↗ original

בורסטייתא , Echah Rabbah to 1, 5 variant reading, see כַּרִיסְטְיוֹנָא ↗ original

בּוּרְסִי 2 (βυρσεύς) tanner. Kiddushin 82ᵃ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ברסי, edition בורסקי which see) read: הגרע והבלן והב׳ אין וכ׳ (see Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 14; Kes. Mishnah to Maimonides M’lachim 1, 6). Kethuboth 77ᵃ ב׳ גדול a tanner on a large scale, ב׳ קטון on a small scale (who collects the excrements himself). Tosefta Kiddushin 2, 2; 4 בורסקי edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בורסי). Pesachim 65ᵃ; Kiddushin 82ᵇ; and frequently—plural בּוּרְסִיִּים. Sukkah 51ᵇ Munich manuscript (edition טַרְסִיִּים). ↗ original

בּוּרְסִי II ² pr. plural Bursi, probably identical with בּוֹרְסִיף which see Kiddushin 72ᵃ ↗ original

בּוּרְסִים , see בִּרְסִין ↗ original

בּוֹרְסִיף (Βόρσιππα) Borsif, a city near the site of Babylon, frequently identified with Babel. Sanhedrin 109ᵃ (phonetic etymol.) בור שפת Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition שאפי, variant reading שפיא; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 62 שפוי, variant reading ספר, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 5, a. Schrader KAT. p. 124; p. 278 and the following) an empty pit. Shabbath 36ᵃ. Bereshith Rabbah section 38 (calling it Bolsif, by play on בׄלׄל שׄפׄת, Genesis 11, 9). Avodah Zarah 11ᵇ בית נכו בכורסי edition (Munich manuscript בית נבו שבבורסין, correct accordingly) the temple of Nebo in Bors. (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Kiddushin 72ᵃ פרת דבורסי the Euphrates land near B.—Yoma 10ᵃ כלח זו פרת דבורסיף. ↗ original

בּוּרְסְקִי (βυρσική supply (understood word) τέχνη) the tanning process, tannery, [frequently (= בעל ב׳) the tanner; see בּוּרְסִי]. Shabbath 1, 2 ולא לב׳ nor must one enter the tannery (to look after the process, shortly before Sabbath). the same place (ibid.) 9ᵇ התחלת כ׳ the beginning of the tanner’s work. the same place (ibid.) ב׳ גדולה a tannery on a large scale; see בּוּרְסִי. Bava Bathra 21ᵇ ולא ב׳ nor to put up a tanner’s workshop; and frequently Bursiké, a suburb of Tiberias. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 4. ↗ original

בּוּרְצָא , see בִּירְצָא ↗ original

בּוֹרְקַי 1 morning star, see בְּרַק. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, 1 Mishnah; 40ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 2, beginning 57ᵃ. see בַּרְקַאי. ↗ original

בּוֹרְקַי 2 Bor’kay, an Amora. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 63ᵈ bottom of the page; and elsewhere Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 9; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 979 בַּרְקַאי. ↗ original

בורקיא , Yalkut Shimoni Job 924, see בורדיקא ↗ original

בורתידה , read קַתִּידְרָא. ↗ original

בורתיה , Targum Job 15, 33 some edition, read בוסריה, see בּוּסְרָא ↗ original

בּוֹשׁ , see בְּהַת); (as adjective) masculine confounded, abashed, ashamed. Zevachim 101ᵃ הודה ולא ביש וכ׳ he confessed and was not ashamed so as to say, ‘I have not learned it’, but he said etc.; the same place (ibid.)ᵇ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)).—Chagigah 22ᵇ בּוֹשְׁנִי = בוש אני; Tosefta Oholoth 5, 11 בּוֹשְׁתִּי. Kiddushin 81ᵇ בּוֹשָׁה she is too bashful to etc. Kethuboth 8, 1 אנו בוֹשִׁין we are confounded (to find a reason); and frequently—בוש פנים (not בושת) bashful, chaste. Aboth 5, 20. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיֵּישׁ to put to shame, insult, disgrace. Bava Kamma 8, 1 המְבַיֵּישׁ את הישן he who exposes a sleeping person to shame. the same place (ibid.) הזיק וב׳ he injured and exposed (a person at the same time). the same place (ibid.) הכל לפי המְבַ׳ והמתבייש all (the fine) according to the social position of the insulter and of the insulted. Sukkah 53ᵃ happy our youth שלא בִּיְּישָׁה וכ׳ which casts no reflection on our old age; and frequently *. הוֹבִישׁ (compare הוֹבִיר frequently בור) to trouble, spoil. Tosefta Bava Kamma 5, 12 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading הבאיש, see בָּאַשׁ, as Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 5, 3). Hithpa'el a. Nithpa'el הִתְבַּיֵּישׁ, נִתְבַּיֵּישׁ to be put to shame, be exposed, insulted; to be bashful. Bava Kamma the passage cited Nedarim 20ᵃ. Bamidbar Rabbah section 15 התב׳ והטמין he felt ashamed (to offer the king common accommodations) and hid etc. the same place (ibid.) נִתְבַּיַּישְׁתִּי; and frequently ↗ original

בּוּשָׁה the preceding) shame. Bava Bathra 75ᵃ אוי לה לאותה ב׳ Oh, for that shame! Zevachim 113ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 7, 38ᵃ top מפני הב׳ in order that they should be ashamed of each other (to swear falsely). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 5, 39ᵇ מפני הב׳ in order to make reparation for putting his neighbor to shame; and frequently ↗ original

בּוּשְׁלָא (בשל) warm and moist (of a fresh stripped hide). Shabbath 79ᵃ התם בבו׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בבישולה, early edition בבושלה, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) there a fresh hide is meant (not dry enough for the first process of tanning). plural בּוּשְׁלֵי ripened fruits. Berachoth 40ᵇ ב׳ כומרא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כמרא) figs ripened by shrinking (placed in the ground, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), overripe through exposure to the sun; Rashi). ↗ original

בּוֹשֶׁת (frequently with פנים) shame, insult; bashfulness, chastity. Berachoth 32ᵃ; and frequently—Kethuboth 67ᵇ בּוֹשְׁתָּהּ של וכ׳ the shame of a woman (in remaining single).—Transferred (supply (understood word) דמי) indemnity for exposure. Bava Kamma 8, 1 and the following the same place (ibid.) 85ᵇ ב׳ דרק ליה וכ׳ an indictable insult (without physical injury) is (e.g.) spitting in one’s face. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 6, 7ᵇ, and frequently בית הב׳ pudenda. Vayikra Rabbah section 14 במקום בָּשְׁתָּהּ near her pudenda. ↗ original

בּוּת , see בִּית ↗ original

בּוּתָא , see בּוּעֲתָא I ↗ original

בָּוְתָא , see בָּאוַת ↗ original

*בּוֹתְנִיאָס (?) proper noun of a male person a. plural Bothneas, founder of Sidon. Targum I Chronicles 1, 13 (variant reading כותניאס). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 10, 19 (כותנייס, Hebrew text צידן). ↗ original

בּוֹתְנַיֵּי = Hebrew בָּשָׁן Bashan, country East of the Jordan; compare בּוּטְנָה. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 32, 14. Ib. I a. 2, 33, 22. Targum Psalms 68, 23 (some edition כ׳).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 4, 51ᵇ bottom of the page ביתניין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, beginning 54ᵈ כות׳ (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᵃ (read:) בוּתְנַאי, see חֲנוּתָא.—5. מַתֲנַן. ↗ original

בותרא , Targum Job 15, 33 בותריה manuscript a. Regia, read בוסריה, see בּוּסְרָא ↗ original

בַּז , see בָּזַז, בְּזַז. ↗ original

בְּזָא I, II, see בזי I, 2 Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

בִּזָּא , see בִּיזָּא ↗ original

בַּזְבּוּזָא (בזז) plunder, spoil, ill-gotten goods. — plural בַּזְבּוּזַיָּא. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 7 (explained נבזביתך Daniel 5, 17) בַּזְבּוּזַיִךְ וכ׳ thy ill-gotten goods; you are plunderers, sons of etc. ↗ original

בִּזְבֵּז (Pilp. of בז, see בְּזָא 2, a. Biblical Hebrew in H. in H. Dictionary) to divide, distribute. Tosefta Megillah 4 (3), 21 אין אדם מְבַזְבֵּז בידיו לעצמו (see edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) variant reading) one who distributes (honors) must take none to himself. Bava Bathra 142ᵃ a convert died ובזבזו וכ׳ and Israelites divided his property among themselves (he having left no legitimate heirs). to give away liberally, to give charity on a large scale. Kethuboth 50ᵃ הַמְבַזְבֵּז אל יְבַזְבֵּז וכ׳ he who wants to be liberal, must not give away more than etc. the same place (ibid.) קטנים כתבו ובזבזו ‘minors’ ‘wrote’ and ‘gave away’ (referring to the order of three traditions concerning minors, transfer of property and charity, related the same place (ibid.) 49ᵇ and the following). Bava Bathra 11ᵃ שבזבז וכ׳ who gave away to charities his own and his father’s treasures; and frequently to spend unnecessarily, squander. Bereshith Rabbah section 80. [ to divide spoils, to plunder, see בָּזַז, בַּזְבּוּזָא etc.] ↗ original

בַּזְבֵּז to shatter. Esther Rabbah to 1, 10; see בּוּז Chaldaic (Aramaic) to give away, to squander. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 3, 22 למא אנא מְבַ׳ וכ׳ why should I waste money in doing charity?—Kethuboth 67ᵇ בַּזְבְּזֵיה וכ׳ he gave away (on charity) half of etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, 19ᵃ, and elsewhere הוות מְבַזְבְּזָה וכ׳ was squandering the estate. (see בּוּז) to treat lightly. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 11, 48ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 4ᵈ top (read:) וכולא מן הדין שמשא [בביתיה] מְבַזְבְּזָא בהקדישא and all this discussion arose from that servant [in R. Ammi’s house] dealing lightly with sacred property. ↗ original

בזבזא , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 4ᵈ top, see the preceding ↗ original

בִּזְבְּזֵי , see בְּזִיזֵי ↗ original

בַּזְבְּזַיָּה [breakers], name of messengers from Sodom [or Edom]; a word in a charm formula. Shabbath 67ᵃ (edition בז בזייה, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)). ↗ original

בזבזיך Shabbath 67ᵃ, a word in a formula of incantation; see the preceding ↗ original

בזבינא , see next word ↗ original

בַּזְגָּא (בזג, compare פַּתְכָּא) that which is divided off, whence sheaf, bundle. Chullin 52ᵃ straw ועביד ב׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) בִּיזְ׳) made into bunches. ↗ original

בזגיתא Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 60ᵇ top (edition Krot. כזניתא), see זַגִּיתָא ↗ original

בָּזָה , see בזי ↗ original

בָּזוֹז (בזז) robber, plunderer. plural בָּזוֹזִים. Bereshith Rabbah section 1 אומה של ב׳ a nation of robbers. ↗ original

בָּזוֹזָא Targum Proverbs 27, 19.—plural בָּזוֹזִין, בָּזוֹזֵי, בָּזוֹזַיָּא. Targum Psalms 25, 3. the same place (ibid.) 119, 158; and elsewhere—Sanhedrin 94ᵃ (referring to ובגד וכ׳ Isaiah 24, 16) עד דאתי ב׳ וכ׳ until the robbers (of the Holy Land) shall have come and those that shall rob it from its robbers. Kethuboth 112ᵇ.—Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Yits. 1) איך הות לנא מב׳ (some edition מבזונים, correct accordingly) what an affliction has come to us from the plunderers; see בּוֹזָנָא ↗ original

בִּזּוּזָא (בזז) robbery, plunder. Targum Isaiah 24, 16. ↗ original

בָּזוֹזִיתָא (see בָּזוֹזָא) plunderer. Targum Psalms 137, 8 (manuscript בזונ׳; Hebrew text שְׁדוּדָה!). [Targum Job 15, 21 בזוזיתיה, בזוזת׳, בזיזות׳, read בָּזוֹזָא.] ↗ original

בזוזתא , see the preceding ↗ original

בְּזוּל , see בְּזֵיל ↗ original

בִּזּוּעַ , see בִּיזוּעַ ↗ original

בָּזַז √בז to divide, to distribute, to make spoil. Yerushalmi (prefix) Makkoth 2, 31ᵈ bottom of the page היה בוֹזֵז made booty.—participle passive בָּזוּז, feminine בְּזוּזָה robbed, illegitimately conquered. Bereshith Rabbah section 1 ב׳ היא בידכם it is robbery what ye possess (ye have no title). ↗ original

בְּזַז 1 Chaldaic (Aramaic) (בַּז) same. Targum Hosea 7, 9; 10, 2; and frequently—Esther Rabbah to 1, 10, see בּוּז. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 7 (proverb) take presents from an heir ולא מן דבַזִּין ליה but not from one for whom they make spoil (king). Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּזֵּיז same. *Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 דהוא בזיז וכ׳ he robs (the youths of) the noon-day lessons (transl. ישוד Psalms 91, 6); see גְּזַז Af'el הִפְעִיל אַבֵּיז to cause to be plundered. Targum Isaiah 24, 1 מַבֵּיז (variant reading מֵבִיז). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּזִיז to be robbed. the same place (ibid.) 3; and elsewhere—the same place (ibid.) 16 מִתְבַּזִּין = מתבזזין. ↗ original

*בְּזַז 2 to be shy, see כְּזַז. ↗ original

בזזותא , Targum Job 15, 21, see בָּזוֹזִיתָא ↗ original

בָּזְזָנָא , Targum Psalms 137, 3, see בְּזִיזָא 2). ↗ original

בזי √בז to tread, see בּוּז) to tread upon, whence to despise, spurn, degrade. Avoth d’R. Nath. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 29 הבּוֹזֶה את חבירו וכ׳ he who spurns his neighbor (rebuking him) for a sacred cause. the same place (ibid.) הן בּוֹזִין בעצמן they make themselves contemptible (neglecting their appearance). participle passive בָּזוּי, feminine בְּזוּיָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 5, end, 20ᵈ שהיתה נבואתו ב׳ his prophetic gift was degraded (by him). Ruth. R. to 1, 1 מי שהוא ב׳ בדבריו he who becomes contemptible through his own words (in not practicing what he teaches). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 5 מה עז זו ב׳ as the goat is despised כך בְּזוּיִין וכ׳ so were the Israelites made despicable at Shittim (through debauchery); and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיזָּה, בִּזָּה same. Avoth d’R. Nath. the passage cited Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah the passage cited he (Isaac) is called Buzi, שבי׳ את וכ׳ because he made all idolatrous temples appear contemptible (by his willingness to be sacrificed to the Lord). Bereshith Rabbah section 30 (play on בוז Job 12, 5) שהיו מְבַזִּים עליו they sneered at him. Sanhedrin 65ᵇ בִּיזִּיתוֹ thou hast insulted him. Aboth 3, 11 המְבַזֶּה את וכ׳ he who disregards the festive weeks (treating them as week days); and frequently—participle Pu. מְבוּזֶּה, plural מְבוּזִּין. Avodah Zarah 3, 3 המב׳ common vessels, opposite מכובדין ornamental; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) V (6), 1 בזויין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading מב׳); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 42ᵈ; and elsewhere Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְבַּזָּה to be despised, humbled, exposed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, beginning 65ᵃ you cannot compare המִתְבַּזֶּה מעצמו וכ׳ one who humbles himself to one who is humbled by others. Kethuboth 97ᵇ. Ruth. R. to 1, 1 אימתי ד"ת מִתְבַּזִּין וכ׳ when are the words of the Law despised by the people? When the scholars make them contemptible (through their conduct); and frequently ↗ original

בְּזֵי Targum Proverbs 13, 13; and frequently—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 18, 8 and the following (interchanging with Pa'el) לא תבזי not expose. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page לא תִיבְזֵי וכ׳ despise not the children of thy Master (thy fellow-creatures).—participle passive בָּזֵי, feminine בַּזְיַת. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 16, 5. Pa'el פִּעֵל בּזֵּי same. Targum Song of Songs 8, 1; and frequently—Bereshith Rabbah section 63 לא תְבַזּוּן וכ׳ never despise, see גּוּלְיָיר. Megillah 25ᵇ if one is ill-reputed שרי ליה לבַזּוּיֵיה בגי׳ 'מל וש"ין you are permitted to show him your contempt with Gimmel and Shin (see commentary or commentaries). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְבַּזֵּי, Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיתְבְּזִי , contracted אִיבְּזִי to be despised. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 17, 5 ויתבז איקרי (read ואיתבזי).—Kethuboth 97ᵇ דתִיתְבַּזֵּי that she (his wife) should be exposed to publicity in court. the same place (ibid.) דלִיבְּזוּ that they (his heirs) should etc. ↗ original

בְּזֵי ² (= בְּזַע which see) to break, divide. participle passive Pesachim 110ᵃ דיקולא בָזְיָיא edition (Munich manuscript 2 דיקולי בזיין plural, see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage) a. Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) a broken basket.—*Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 דהוה בזא וכ׳ for he breaks into (compels to interrupt) the lessons of the day (as a referring to קטב, see בְּזַז). Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּוֵּי to divide, change off. Bava Bathra 37ᵃ דבוִּי בַּזּוּיֵי Munich manuscript (edition דבאזי באזוזי, read with Rashi דבזְּאֵי בזויי or בּזּוּאֵי; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) he divided the usufruct of each year betw. the trees of each division of the orchard (so as to have actually been in undisturbed possession of the entire orchard for three consecutive years. *. אִתְבְּזֵי to be divided, cut apart. Targum Job 10, 1 אתבזיית manuscript variant reading (edition Vienna edition אתגזרת, manuscript אתכזרית; Hebrew text נקטה). ↗ original

בִּזָּא ² , see בִּיזָּא ↗ original

בִּזָּה , see בִּיוָּה ↗ original

בִּזְיָא , see בִּיזְיָא ↗ original

בִּזָּיוֹן contempt, disgrace. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᵈ דבר של ב׳ a common vessel (see בָּזָה participle Pu.). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 11, 13ᵃ top, and frequently נהג ב׳ ב־ to treat disrespectfully. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 78ᵃ top נהג עצמו בב׳ conducted himself disgracefully. Sanhedrin 47ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original

בִּזְיוֹנָא Sanhedrin 46ᵇ קבורה משום ב׳ is burial required in order to prevent disgrace (to the dead and his relatives)? the same place (ibid.) א"א משום ב׳ הוא לא כל וכ׳ (Munich manuscript … ני דחיי … כל) if you say, burial is required in order to prevent disgrace, he has no such power (as to prohibit it by his last will). the same place (ibid.) 45ᵃ [read:] בזיוניה דאינש עדיף וכ׳ (the prevention of) disgrace stands to man higher than bodily ease (absence of pain), i.e. one would rather suffer protracted agony than exposure; (variant reading lect. see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8); Sotah 8ᵇ ↗ original

בִּזְיוּנָא 1 (בֵּי a. זְיוּנָא; see זוּן 2 a. זְיָינָא 2) place or means of detention, whence prison. Berachoth 56ᵃ manuscript, see בְּדַיְינֵי. Eruvin 11ᵇ קם אבבא דבי זיינא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (in edition last two words omitted) placed himself at the prison gate.—plural בִּזְיוּנֵי. Shabbath 32ᵃ (proverb) at the gate of shops (you have) many friends …, אבב ב׳ וכ׳ (manuscript Oxf. אבי ב׳) at the prison gate—no friends etc. (plural as a singular noun) lock, clasp, buckle. Shabbath 57ᵇ what is ist’ma? Answ. בזיוני. What is bizyuné? Answ. כליא פרוחי what imprisons the flying (curls), see אִיסְטְמָא. ↗ original

בִּזְיוּנָא , 2 (בְּזֵי 2, see Nöld. Mand. Gr. § 119) slit.— plural בִּזֵיוּנֵי, בִּיזְיָינֵי. Nedarim 56ᵇ; Sanhedrin 20ᵇ a couch is called mittah, אעולי ואפוקי בב׳ when the straps go in and out through slits (incisions in the boards), contradistinguished to אֲבַקְתָּא; (Munich manuscript emendation בי זיני, Munich manuscript ביזייני; Nedarim the passage cited בזיני; see Rashi to Sanhedrin the passage cited). ↗ original

בְּזִיזָא (participle passive of בְּזַז I) despoiled. Targum Isaiah 18, 3; 7 (Hebrew text מְבוּסָה). sneerer. — plural Targum Psalms 137, 3 בְּזִיזָנָא (manuscript בְּזו׳, edition Vienna edition בְּזָזָנָא). ↗ original

*בְּזִיזִי (see בזבז) probably distributors, hence = בָּזִיכָא (compare אַפְתְּקָא) vessels, dishes with handles. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 25, 29 בְּזִיזוֹי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), בִּזְבְּזוֹי Musafia (edition בְּזִיכוֹי). ↗ original

בזיזי a word in an incantation. Shabbath 67ᵃ, see בזבזיך ↗ original

בָּזְיָיא , see בְּזֵי ↗ original

בָּזַיָּיה , see בִּיזְלֵי ↗ original

בִּזְיָינֵי , see בִּזְיוּנָא 2 ↗ original

בָּזִיךְ , masculine (בזז, with format. ך; see בְּזִיזֵי) vessel, dish, censer (Biblical Hebrew כף). Tamid 4, 3 entrails הנתונים בב׳ which had been put in a vessel. the same place (ibid.) 5, 4. והב׳ היה וכ׳ in the larger vessel was the baz., filled to the brim with incense. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 2, 39ᶜ; and frequently—plural בְּזִיכִים, בְּזִיכִין. Menachoth 11, 5; and frequently—Bamidbar Rabbah section 4 (explained Biblical Hebrew כַּפֹּות) בְּזִיכֵי לבונה censers. ↗ original

בָּזִיךְ ² Chaldaic (Aramaic) feminine same. Targum Numbers 7, 14; and frequently—plural בָּזִיכַיָּא, בַּזִּיכַּיָּא, בָּזִכַּיָּא. the same place (ibid.) 4, 7. Targum Exodus 25, 29; and frequently ↗ original

בזיני , see בִּזְיוּנָא 2 ↗ original

בְּזִיעָא (בזע) rent, participle Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 3, 7.—plural בְּזִיעָן. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 14, 21. [Hebr. בְּזִיעִים, explained בִּזְיוּנֵי in Rashi to Sanhedrin 20ᵇ.] ↗ original

בְּזִיקַיָּא , see בִּזְקָא.—בזיקים, Tosefta Nedarim 1, 3, read בְּזִיכִים. ↗ original

בָּזָךְ , see בָּזִיךְ Hebrew a. Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

בַּזֵּל (Pa'el of בזל, √בז, see בְּזָא 2) to scatter, to distribute by shaking (compare בְּדַר Pa'el 2). Shabbath 66ᵇ וליבַּזּוּלֵיה וכ׳ Munich manuscript a. other (edition לברזוליה, לברזליה) let him shake it (the ant in the tube) to pieces and carry it off. ↗ original

בִּזְלֵי , see בִּיזְלֵי ↗ original

בְּזַע (√בז, see בְּזֵי 2; compare בצע, פצע etc.) to split, perforate, rend. Targum Genesis 37, 29 (edition Berlin edition Pa'el). Targum Psalms 78, 13; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᵈ top ובְזָעוֹן and rent them (his garments); Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, 20ᵃ top ובזעיה (correct accordingly). Vayikra Rabbah section 6; Echah Rabbah to 2, 17 (explained בצע אמרתו the same place (ibid.)) פורפיריה ב׳ He rent His purple (allowed the Temple curtain to be cut through by Titus). Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּזַּע same. Targum Psalms 78, 15; and elsewhere (variant reading Pe., see above).—participle passive מְבַזַּע. Targum Joshua 9, 4.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵃ top מאנוי מבזעין his garments torn. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 60ᵃ top והיא מְבַזְּעָא בידיה and it (the wine botte) bursts in his hand; see below. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְבַּזַּע, Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּזַע , contracted אִיבְּזַע to be split, rent. Targum Numbers 16, 31; and frequently Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ top א׳ ימא וכ׳ the lake of Tib. was split. the same place (ibid.) מִתְבַּזַּע. the same place (ibid.) 2, 41ᶜ top אתבזעת זיקיה his wine bottle burst. the same place (ibid.) 5, 45ᵃ top והיא מִיבַּזְּעָא בידיה, see above. Bechoroth 36ᵃ איבזע׳ שיפתיה his lip was slit; and elsewhere ↗ original

בָּזָק see next word) [shattering, splitting,] lightning. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 5, 11ᵃ top (citing the Mishnah) והִבְרִיקָהּ הַבָּ׳ [not דב׳] and lightning struck her (affecting her feet, see אַבְזָקַת). ↗ original

בָּזַק (√בז, see בזי 2; compare בדק) to break, crush. Eruvin 10, 14 (104ᵃ) בֹּוזְקִין מלח וכ׳ you may crush salt (lumps) on the steps (that the priests should not slip). Bereshith Rabbah section 50, beginning (explained כמראה הבזק, Ezek. 1, 14) כזה שהוא בוזק וכ׳ as one who crushes pieces of peat in the stove (when the flames break forth). *. נִבְזַק (compare בָּזָק) to be split in flashes, to flash (used of the divine spirit). Bereshith Rabbah section 26 הרוח היא נִבְזֶקֶת וכ׳ the spirit flashes in (seizes) one of man’s limbs, … בכל הגוף the entire body. ↗ original

בְּזַק —Pa'el בַּזֵּק to cast (or shoot) a mass of fragments (as from a catapult). Sanhedrin 108ᵇ ב׳ בהון עפרא וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition והוה שדינן) he shot at them with dust and it turned into swords etc. *Bava Bathra 73ᵃ והוה כי מבזק ארבעין גירוי דברזלא and there was a flash as if one shot forty arrows of iron (see Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word בזק, note 5).—Eduyoth כי מבזר ארב׳ גריוי דחרדלא like one scattering forty measures of mustard [from a confusion of which two versions the variants in manuscripts a. in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) arose, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note.—Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כמיבזק Ithpeel]. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיבְּזִיק to be broken. Yoma 22ᵇ how do you know that Bazek (I Samuel 11, 8, see next word) is here used לישנא דמיבזיק in the sense of being broken (a fragment of pottery); perhaps it is the name of a place? Bava Bathra 73ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see above. ↗ original

בֶּזֶק (the preceding) fragment, piece of pottery, pebble (testa). Yoma 22ᵇ, see the preceding Tanchuma Ki Thissa 9 ומהו ב׳ וכ׳ what is bezek? Answ. he took a pebble etc. ↗ original

בִּזְקָא Targum Proverbs 26, 8 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition ניקצא, manuscript ניסקא).—plural בִּזְקַיָּא. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shekalim p. 18ᵃ when they were poor, באילין ב׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בזיקיא) they were counted with broken pieces of pottery, when rich with lambs (edition reverse order); Bamidbar Rabbah section 2 בִּזְקַיָּיה. ↗ original

בזקה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 60ᵇ top, see זִיקָא 3 ↗ original

בָּזַר , see בזע) to strew, scatter. Kerith. 6ᵇ בֹּוזְרָהּ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition incorr. בזורה, see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)) he scatters it, lest it may decay. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּזֵּר same. participle passive מְבוּזָּר. Sifra B’har Chaldaic (Aramaic) I אבל אתה בוצר מן המב׳ edition Venice a. other (variant reading המופקר) but you may gather (in the Sabbath year) the grapes from (broken) branches lying scattered on the ground, opposite השמור בארץ the vine seated in the ground (Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 7, 38ᵇ top המובקר). ↗ original

בְּזַר Pa'el בַּזַּר. Bava Bathra 73ᵃ, see בְּזַק. ↗ original

בִּזְרָא (= בר זרעא, see Nöld. Mand. Gr. p. 55) seed. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 1, 11 and the following (O. בר זרעא). the same place (ibid.) see 29.—Sanhedrin 93ᵃ, see אַסְפַּסְתָּא. Bava Metzia 74ᵇ אריסא יהיב בי׳ the tenant furnishes the seed; and frequently Eruvin 53ᵃ ביזרא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (manuscripts a. edition בירא, see also Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 1); see אֶצְבְּעָא. Bava Bathra 73ᵃ; see בִּזְקָא.—Shabbath 140ᵇ נקיט ב׳ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition reversed order a. כורא, variant reading ברזא, סורא, a. בורא דחספא, see בּוּרָא 2) he (R. Ḥisda) took a (valueless) seed grain in one hand and a pearl in the other; the pearl he showed to them (his daughters), but he would not show them the seed grain until they were excited, and then he showed it (as an illustration of the folly of curiosity). [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), with a variant reading ברזא, translates, a valueless pebble = בִּזְקָא which see, which seems to be confirmed by the version בורא דחספא (read בז׳ for בו׳) a fragment of an earthen vessel.] [Rashi’s interpretation is grammatically forced and out of harmony with the natural reserve of a father towards his daughters.] [the same place (ibid.) 103ᵃ לביז׳ דקרא for (putting in) the seed of a pumpkin (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) לבורא, edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) לבירא, Munich manuscript לבירא דקירא as a cavity for planting etc.).]—plural בִּזְרִי, בִּיזְ׳. Chullin 51ᵇ דעביד ב׳ when the flax stalks have seminal vessels. the same place (ibid.) 60ᵇ שדא ביה ב׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition ביזרני) he put seed into it. ↗ original

בִּזְרָנָא (collect. noun, see the preceding); plural בִּזְרָנֵי, בִּי׳ various seeds. Kiddushin 39ᵃ. Chullin 60ᵇ; see the preceding Betzah 15ᵃ דב׳ (צררי) the folds (pockets) wherein the seeds are carried. Gittin 68ᵇ ↗ original

בִּזְתָא (בוז) disgrace. Targum Job 12, 19. ↗ original

בִזְּתָא feminine, see בִּיזָּא ↗ original

בָּחוּר chosen. Shabbath 105ᵃ (referring to אׄבׄ, Genesis 17, 5) I have made thee אׄב a father of the nations, בׄ' נתתיך וכ׳ I have made thee a chosen one among the nations. Bereshith Rabbah section 76, beginning; and frequently young man, youth, unmarried. Kethuboth 7ᵇ, opposite אַלְמוֹן.—Bereshith Rabbah section 39 ב׳ ובתולה מיכן a young man and a virgin on the one side (of the coin). Chagigah 14ᵃ; and frequently—Fem. בַּחוּרָה. Bereshith Rabbah section 71; and elsewhere—plural בַּחוּרִים, feminine בַּחוּרוֹת. Bamidbar Rabbah section 10, beginning לב׳ קול וכ׳ to the young (the strong) ‘the voice of the Lord (at revelation) sounded with might’, opposite תשים; and elsewhere ↗ original

בחורא , see בְּחִירָא ↗ original

בחורתא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 21, 27 (28), some edition, read בתודתא, see חִידָתָא ↗ original

בְּחִיר (בחר) = Hebrew בָּחוּר, בָּחִיר, chosen, select. Targum 2 Samuel 21, 6; and elsewhere—plural בְּחִירִין. Targum Psalms 105, 6; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᶜ bottom of the page תמנין גוברין ב׳ eighty select (young) men; Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 78ᵃ top בחו׳ (correct accordingly).—Fem. בְּחִירָן. Targum Onkelos Exodus 14, 7. (compare בָּחַן) tried, purified. Targum Psalms 18, 31; 2 Samuel 23, 31. ↗ original

בְּחִירָה (בחר) selection, being chosen. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 72ᵈ top מה ב׳ שנ׳ וכ׳ as the selection (expression בחר) used there etc.—בֵּית הַבְּ׳ (also with omission of בית) the Temple of Jerusalem. Sanhedrin 20ᵇ; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 1, 38ᶜ bottom of the page עידיכם הב׳ וכ׳ your witness, the Temple, shall prove it (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 9ᵇ בִּירָה). ↗ original

בְּחִירְתָּא (see the preceding) B’ḥirta (selection), surname of the Talmudic treatise named Eduyoth or Ediyoth (עדיות). Kiddushin 54ᵇ bottom of the page; Bechoroth 26ᵃ ↗ original

בָּחַל 1 [1] to be disordered, sick; whence בּוֹחַל which see].—2) (denomin. of בֹּוחַל) to be in that stage of ripening when the fig is called boḥal; compare בָּאַשׁ. Niddah 47ᵃ (quoted frequently Maasroth 1, 2) התאנים משיִבְחֲלוּ … משילבינו וכ׳ figs are subject to tithes from the time they are called boḥal, which R. … defines, from the time their heads grow white. Pi'el פִּעֵל (בִּיחֵיל) בִּיחֵל, Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְחִיל same. Shevi'ith 4, 7 בִּיחֲלוּ וכ׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition בִּיחֵילוּ). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 35ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 48ᵈ (חִיְּתָה) מאי ביחילו חִיְּיתָה וכ׳ what is biḥ.? It (the fig) creates aversion (see חוּת), as we read (Zechariah 11, 8) etc. Maasroth 1, 2 משיַבְחִילוּ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition שביחילו), see above. [Cmp. בָּכַר as to spelling in Talmud Yerushalmi (prefix)] ↗ original

בָּחַל 2 (= בהל, see Proverbs 20, 21, compare the preceding) to hasten. Pi'el בִּיחֵל to come early. Mechilta Bo, Pisḥa, 2 בי׳ אביב ובא edition Livorno (other edition כי חל correct accordingly) when the ripening of grains came very early. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְחִיל to advance growth. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ top כל דבר שהוא מַבְחִיל (not שהיה מכחיל) whatever is done for advancing the fruits. the same place (ibid.) לְהַבְחִיל (edition Krot. להכחיל, correct accordingly). ↗ original

בָּחַן , see Ges. H. Dictionary under the word; compare בה under the word בהי) properly to distinguish, examine (compare בון, חזי), hence to try, probe (of metals); to find out. Sanhedrin 107ᵃ בְּחָנֵנִי try me.—participle passive בָּחוּן. Pesachim 87ᵃ בְּחוּנֶיךָ Munich manuscript (edition חנוניך, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) thy tried servants. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ בְּחוּנַי my tried servants. Yalkut Shimoni Hosea 515; and elsewhere Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיחֵן to inquire. Yoma 73ᵇ; Shevuoth 35ᵇ לא ביחנו they did not ask distinctly. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 4, 4ᵇ bottom of the page שב"ד מְבַחֲנִין וכ׳ for the court (appointing him guardian) inquires after his character. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְחִין to distinguish. Sanhedrin 8ᵇ and elsewhere להַבְחִין בין וכ׳ in order to be able to distinguish between the ignorant and the willful transgressor. Yevamoth 42ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original

בְּחַן Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 2, 6; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 5, beginning 55ᵈ (read:) דבָחִינַת ליה וכ׳ by whom every Mishnah has been critically examined. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּחַן to be tried, tested. Targum Onkelos Genesis 42, 15 and the following (variant reading אתבחר, see Berlin edition Targum Onkelos 2, p. 15). ↗ original

בָּחַר , see the preceding) to try, examine; see below. see below. (with ב) to choose, select, prefer. Tanchuma Mishpatim 11 בָּחַרְתָּ ביסורים יותר וכ׳ thou didst prefer sufferings to poverty. Massekheth Sof’rim 13, 9; and elsewhere—participle Hof. מוּבְחָר chosen. מן המ׳ of the best, the best way. Bikkurim 1, 3; and frequently—מצוה מן המ׳ the most preferable way of performing a religious active Bava Kamma 78ᵇ; and frequently—מ׳ מן המ׳ the very best. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 6, 33ᵇ top מ׳ דוחה וכ׳ for doing a thing (in the Temple) in the preferable way, you may set aside (the Sabbath law); for doing it in the best way, you dare not etc.; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיחֵר to examine. Pesikta Rabbati section 33 (referring to אבחר Job 29, 25) הייתי שואלו וּמְבַחֲרוֹ I was in the habit of investigating and examining it; [edition Friedman emends ומְבַהֲרוֹ, see בָּהַר]. ↗ original

בְּחַר to try, test. Targum Jeremiah 17, 10 (Hebrew text בחן); and frequently to choose, select. Targum Psalms 33, 12.—participle בָּחֵר. Targum Job 15, 5 (not בָּחִיר).—5. בְּחִיר. *. אַבְחַר to pick out. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ bottom of the page כד מַבְחַר בקלופייתא when one picks out (the pieces of garlick) in the husks. the same place (ibid.) כד מכחד (correct accordingly). ↗ original

בַּחֲרוּת (see בָּחוּר) youth. Tana d’be El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 18. ↗ original

בָּחַשׁ (√בח, see בחן) to search, examine; see next word to stir, to go to the bottom of a thing (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 508). Berachoth 38ᵃ; Shabbath 156ᵃ, see שָׁתִית. ↗ original

בְּחַשׁ to search, examine. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 39, 11 למֵיבְחוּשׁ וכ׳ to examine … the accounts.—Shabbath 152ᵃ אדלא אבידנא בָחִישְׁנָא I am searching for what I have not lost (of the aged man’s unsteady walk and bent figure). Bava Metzia 5ᵇ עד דב׳ וכ׳ until I may search and find it. the same place (ibid.) 86ᵃ בחוש אבתריה וכ׳ (not בחיש, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 90) search for him and find him. Bava Kamma 97ᵇ to stir. Targum Esther 1, 14.—Shabbath 30ᵇ קא בחיש באילני Munich manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) he shook the trees. the same place (ibid.) 140ᵃ. Gittin 45ᵃ בחשן וכ׳ stirred a (hot) pot with their hands. the same place (ibid.) 69ᵇ top of the page ↗ original

בַּחֲשָׁא (the preceding) stirring ladle, pot-ladle. Pesachim 111ᵇ [read:] ומיחזי כי ב׳ והדר בי כדא דכמכא (see commentary or commentaries) and he (the shadow-demon) looks like a ladle turning in a vessel etc.— rakings, hot ashes. Sanhedrin 39ᵃ [read:] אותיבתה תותי ב׳ she placed it (the roast) under the grate (in the ashes); (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) אותיבתיה קמיה בבִיחוּשֵׁיה she placed it before him with the raked ashes clinging to it; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 23 אותבי׳ תותי רגליה ב׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note).—[בחשי, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) frequently Avodah Zarah (60ᵇ), תותי ב׳, read בֵּי שַׁחְיָא, arm-pit; see Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 41ᵃ bottom of the page] ↗ original

בָּטָא , see בטי ↗ original

בטאריקי , Shemoth Rabbah section 11, read קַטָּאדִיקִי. ↗ original

בִּטְבּוּט (see next word; compare Biblical Hebrew בּוּץ) hemp. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, end, 45ᵇ בט׳; Babylonian Avodah Zarah 75ᵃ בצ׳; Niddah 65ᵇ.—Tosefta Tohoroth 11, 16 בצבץ. ↗ original

בִּטְבֵּט (Pilp. of בוט or בטט, see בטי) to swell. —Hithpa'el הִתְבַּטְבֵּט; Nithpa'el נִתְבַּטְבֵּט to swell, grow. Tanchuma Mishpatim 9 as the bite of a snake is not felt עד שנ׳ עליו until a swelling sets in, so is usury not felt עד שמִתְבַּטְבֶּטֶת עליו until it has grown upon him (the debtor). Shemoth Rabbah section 31 שמתבעט, correct accordingly). ↗ original

בִּטְדָא , see בִּטְרָא ↗ original

בִּטּוּי , see בִּיטּ׳ ↗ original

בְּטוּנָא (בטן, compare Song of Songs 7, 3) rounded sheaf, bunch. — plural בְּטוּנֵי. Chullin 51ᵇ ↗ original

בטונין , see בָּטְנוֹן ↗ original

בָּטַח , see בטי; compare רָוַח) to be at ease, without trouble, whence to trust. Berachoth 6ᵇ הו"ל לבְטוֹחַ וכ׳ he ought to have trusted in the name of the Lord, but did not trust.—participle passive בָּטוּחַ assured. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 4, end, 53ᶜ.—Vayikra Rabbah section 31 ב׳ שגוזר he may rest assured that etc.; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְטִיחַ to assure, promise. Berachoth 17ᵃ הבטחה שה׳ the assurance which the Lord has given. Pesikta Rabbati section 1, beginning אע"פ שמתו המַבְטִיחִין וכ׳ though those who gave the assurances, the prophets, are dead, but the Lord who promised (through them) is ever-living; and frequently—participle Hof. מוּבְטָח (= בָּטוּחַ) confident, sure. Berachoth 4ᵃ מ׳ אני בך וכ׳ I am sure that thou rewardest etc. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ מ׳ לו may rest assured. Gittin 58ᵃ מוּבְטַחְנִי = מ׳ אני; and frequently ↗ original

בְּטַח 1 Taanith 22ᵇ הואיל וקא ב׳ בע"א since he trusts in idols. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַבְטַח = the preceding Hif'il Targum Ruth 2, 13. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּטַח to feel safe. Targum Jeremiah 12, 5. ↗ original

בְּטַח 2 (בטח, בטי, see Ges. H. Dictionary under the word בטח; compare מִקְוֶה) a hollow column-like receptacle of rain water near the house. [Maimonides, a projection in front of the window to stand upon in climbing.] Oholoth 12, 3 הבטח (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) variant reading אבטח). Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 13, 3 אבטי (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) אבטו, correct accordingly). [Cmp. פותי for פותח, טְפֵי 4 for טפח.] 5. בִּטְוַיָּא. ↗ original

בִּטָּחוֹן trust, faith, hope. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵇ bottom of the page יש להם ב׳ there is hope for them (that they will not be punished, if they repent before dying). Shabbath 139ᵃ תלו בִטְּחוֹנָם ב־ they put their trust in etc. Menachoth 29ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original

בְּטַט (√בט) (see בטי) to swell, burst forth; to shine. Denom. בּוֹטֵט, בּוֹטְטָא. (= √פץ, compare בדד) to tread, to dash to pieces. Denom. בְּטִיטָא.—Cmp. בְּטַשׁ. ↗ original

בָּטִי , see בָּאטִי ↗ original

בטי to be hollow, to swell; see בטן, בטט , בטל etc.; see Ges. H. Dictionary under the word) to talk inconsiderately, make hasty vows. Eruvin 64ᵇ (referring to Proverbs 12, 18) כל הבּוֹטֶה whoever vows or swears inconsiderately.—Denom. בִּיטּוּי. ↗ original

בְּטִי (see the preceding) bottom, bathing basin; see אַמְבְּטִי. bottom, depth. Bereshith Rabbah section 68 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition אמבטי); section 50; section 86 (edition ביטי); see דְּיֵיטָא. ↗ original

בַּטִּיחַ Ben Battiaḥ, nephew of R. Johanan b. Zaccai, one of the leaders of the terrorists during the siege of Jerusalem by the Romans. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 11; Echah Rabbah to 1, 5; (Gittin 56ᵃ אבא סקרא). Kelim 17, 12. ↗ original

בְּטִיטָא (בְּטַט) cleft, grotto; ruins. Bereshith Rabbah section 31 בהדא ב׳ דטבריה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בו׳) in the grotto (or ruins) of Tiberias; compare אִלְסִיס.—*plural בּוֹטִיטָתָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 1, beginning 27ᵃ בוטיתא דסדרא רבא (correct accordingly) the ruins of the large colonnade (of Tiberias); compare Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 93, under the word דִּיפְּלֵי. ↗ original

בְּטִיטַיי B’titay. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 5, 9ᶜ bottom of the page ↗ original

בְּטֵיל , see בְּטֵל; בָּטֵיל, v, בָּטֵל. ↗ original

בְּטִיל (בטל) loose, demoralized (= בטל מן המצוות). Targum Onkelos Exodus 32, 25 (Hebrew text פרע, see Rashb. ad loc. (on the passage)). idle, vain. plural בְּטִילִין, בְּטֵלִין. the same place (ibid.) 5, 9. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 5, 2. idle, resting. Targum 2 Esther 3, 3. invalid, void, see בְּטֵל. ↗ original

בְּטֵילָא (בטל; Hebrew idleness, loss of time. Kethuboth 105ᵃ אגר ב׳ indemnity for loss of time. the same place (ibid.) קרנא ב׳ דמוכחא (in the case of) Karna, the loss of time was ostensible (i.e. all knew that the fee he took for judging was needed to indemnify him for his loss of time). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 4, 38ᶜ bottom of the page שכר בְּטֵילָן (in Hebrew phraseology) indemnity for their loss of time. ↗ original

בְּטֵין , see בְּטן ↗ original

בטינין , see בָּטְנוֹן ↗ original

בטינתא , Targum Judges 15, 15, see טִינָתָא ↗ original

בָּטֵל 1 see בטי) [to be hollow]; to be void, abolished, suspended; to cease to exist. Kethuboth 103ᵇ בָּטְלָה קדושה sanctity of life ceased; [other opinion: the levitical law concerning the contact with a corpse was suspended in favor of Rabbi; see Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage)]. Avoth 5, 16 ב׳ דבר בְּטֵלָה וכ׳ as soon as the (sensual) attraction disappears, love will disappear. the same place (ibid.) 21 as if dead ועבר וב׳ מן העולם and passed away and disappeared from this world. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᵈ top, and elsewhere בטלה מגלת תענית the Scroll of Fasts has been abolished (the festive commemorations enumerated therein are no more observed). Sotah 9, 9 (47ᵃ); and frequently to rest from labor, be at ease, be idle. Avoth 4, 10 אם בָּטַלְתָּ מן וכ׳ if thou choosest not to study the law, there will be many disturbances (excuses) to assist thee. the same place (ibid.) 1, 5 בּוֹטֵל מד"ת he neglects the study of the Law; and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נִבְטַל to be abolished, suspended. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᵈ bottom of the page עתידין לִיבָּטֵל (= לְהִיבָּטֵל) shall in future be abolished (neglected). Gittin 32ᵃ, see below. to be excused, be exempt. the same place (ibid.) 2, 16 thou art not a free man להִבָּטֵל ממנה so as to be exempt from life’s duties. to remain single. Gittin 4, 5 (41ᵇ) יִבָּטֵל shall he never marry? Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיטֵּל, בִּטֵּל to abolish, suspend, cancel, undo, neglect. Avoth 2, 4 בַּטֵּל רצונך וכ׳ set aside thy will for the sake of the Lord’s will, in order that He may set aside the will of others (euphem. for His will) for the sake of thy will (withdraw evil decrees at thy prayer). the same place (ibid.) 4, 9 המְבַטֵּל וכ׳ he who neglects the study of the Law on account of his wealth. Sotah 9, 10 (47ᵃ) אף הוא בִּטֵּל את המעוררין he also abolished (the custom of) the wakers, see עָרַר. Shabbath 63ᵃ מְבַטְּלָהּ he (the observer of the Law) will cancel it (avert God’s evil decree). Mechilta Beshallach, Amalek, 2, see אִיפָּטִיקוֹס. Makkoth 24ᵃ. Avodah Zarah 4, 7 למה אינו מְבַטְּלָהּ why does He not destroy it (the objects of idol worship)?—Gittin 4, 1 שוב אינו יכול לבַטְּלוֹ he can no longer annul it (his letter of divorce). the same place (ibid.) 2 in former times a man could summon a court in a strange place ובִּטְּלוֹ and declare it (the letter of divorce which he had sent off) void. the same place (ibid.) 32ᵇ אתי דיבור ומבטל דיבור a word (declaration) comes and cancels a word.—Avodah Zarah 4, 4 (42ᵇ) an idolator (gentile) מבטל אליל שלו וכ׳ may (by mutilation etc.) cancel his own or his neigbor’s idol (so that it is no longer subject to the law forbidding Jews to derive any benefits from idolatrous paraphernalia), but an Israelite cannot etc. the same place (ibid.) המב׳ אליל ב׳ וכ׳ in cancelling an idol, one has at the same time cancelled its attachments; and frequently—ב׳ רשות to resign possession, a legal fiction by which the carrying of objects on the Sabbath from one’s own place to one common to several persons, may be permitted. Eruvin 6, 7 מְבַטֵּל את רשותו he (the brother who forgot to lay the Erub, see עֵירוּב) must resign his share in the common property. the same place (ibid.) 68ᵇ מבטלין וחוזרין ומב׳ you may resign your share to your neighbor, and then he may resign to you; and frequently—ב׳ חמץ to renounce (by declaration) the possession of anything leavened that may have remained undiscovered in one’s possession. Pesachim 6ᵇ הבודק צריך שיְבַטֵּל after one has searched the house for leavened things, he must renounce (whatever he may have failed to find); and frequently—participle passive מְבוּטָּל, feminine מְבוּטֶּלֶת. Eruvin 69ᵇ רשותי מב׳ לך my possession be resigned to thee (for Sabbath purposes). Gittin 32ᵃ if a recipient says, מתנה זו מב׳ ‘this donation be void’, תִּיבָּטֵל ‘shall be void’, opposite to בְּטֵלָה היא ‘is a void one’, i.e. has been annulled.—Eduy. 1, 5; Gittin 36ᵇ, and frequently אין ב"ד יכול לבַ׳ וכ׳ no court can repeal (overrule) the decisions of another court, unless etc. to neutralize an admixture of forbidden food etc. in a certain quantity. Chullin 108ᵃ ושאינו מינו … ומבטלו and the portion of the mixture which is not its kind is prevailing and neutralizes the forbidden portion (as if did not exist at all); and frequently to disturb, cause suspense, interfere with. Eruvin 63ᵇ; Megillah 3ᵃ בִּיטַּלְתֶּם וכ׳ ye interfered with the daily offering; and frequently—Berachoth 2, 5 לבטל ממני וכ׳ to suspend (shake off) the yoke of heavenly government even one minute. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְטִיל to cause interruption, to order suspension. Sukkah 5, 5 להַבְטִיל את העם וכ׳ to cause the people to cease working. Hithpa'el a. Nithpa'el הִתְבַּטֵּל, נִתְבַּטֵּל to be interrupted etc., see Nif'al—Tan. d’be El. 1, 5; 2, 3. ↗ original

בְּטֵל ; 1) as Hebrew Kal 1). Targum Lamentations 5, 15; and elsewhere—Sotah 33ᵃ בטילת עבידתא וכ׳ the decree enforcing idol worship in the Temple has been repealed. Megillah Taanith 11 on the twenty second (of Shebat) ב׳ עבידתא was the decree etc. revoked. Shabbath 139ᵃ, Sanhedrin 98ᵃ אי בטלי וכ׳; see אַמְגּוֹשָׁא. Rosh Hashanah 18ᵇ בטילת אדכרתא (Megillah Taanith 7 אתנטילת, read אתב׳), see אַדְכַּרְתָּא; and frequently—2) as Hebrew Kal 2). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 17, 1 [read:] דבְטִילוּ אידיהון when their hands were lazy etc.—participle passive בָּטִיל annulled; neutralized (in a larger quantity, see the preceding Pi'el). Chullin 100ᵃ, and frequently (in Hebr. phraseology) מין במינו לא ב׳ in a mixture of homogeneous things (of which one is forbidden) the rule of neutralization by quantity takes no effect. the same place (ibid.) 99ᵃ ברובא ב׳ it is neutralized in any larger quantity (than the forbidden ingredient); and frequently—the same place (ibid.) 100ᵃ top ותבטיל, see Ithpeel Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּטֵּיל as Hebrew Pi'el Targum Psalms 33, 10 (some edition incorr. בְּטִיל); and elsewhere—Eruvin 66ᵇ למאן נִיבַטֵּיל to whom should he resign his right of usage (for Sabbath purposes)? לִיבַטֵּיל וכ׳ shall he resign etc.? the same place (ibid.) 67ᵃ בַּטּוּלֵי … מְבַטֵיל. Pesachim 6ᵇ לְבַטְּלֵיה let him renounce it (the leavened thing). the same place (ibid.) וניבטליה בארבע let him renounce it at four hours of the day. Gittin 36ᵇ אֲבַטְּלִינֵיה I would repeal it (that law). the same place (ibid.) 32ᵃ דבטולי בטליה that he revoked it (the letter of divorce); and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַבְטֵיל = Pa'el Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 6, 7 1) = Pa'el Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 6, 7 אַבְטִיל I will undo (Hebrew text אמחה); and elsewhere = Hebrew Hif'il Targum Isaiah 30, 11 אַבְטְלוּנָא מ־ make ye us free from tradition. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּטִיל , contracted אִיבְּטִיל. to be abolished, removed, undone. Targum Job 17, 11; and frequently—Gittin 32ᵃ; 32ᵇ בָּטֵל has two meanings משמע דבטל ומשמע דלִיבְּטִיל it may mean ‘it is void’, and may mean ‘be it declared void’. Chullin 100ᵃ ותבְּטִיל ברובא (or ותִבְטִיל) let it be neutralized in the larger mixture; (why is it not etc.?) to be disturbed, to be forced to be idle. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 3; and elsewhere ↗ original

בָּטֵל 2 (the preceding words) null, void; vain. Gittin 4, 1 ב׳ הוא is void (revoked); see בְּטֵל Ithpeel; and frequently—plural בְּטֵלִים, בְּטֵלִין, בְּטֵי׳.—דברים ב׳ vanities, absurdities. Avodah Zarah 16ᵇ; and frequently idle, unemployed, not needed. Sanhedrin 21ᵃ one horse והוא ב׳ when not needed (for war). Koheleth Rabbah to 6, 8.—plural as above. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᵇ bottom of the page עשרה בטילין … לביה"כ (where there are) ten men at leisure for attending Synagogue, see בַּטְלָן. Berachoth 16ᵃ והוא שב׳ ממלאכתן provided they stop working. the same place (ibid.) 17ᵇ ת"ח ב׳ scholars have to abstain from work; and frequently—Fem. בְּטֵלָה, בְּטֵילָה. Avoth 5, 16, see בָּטֵל I. Gittin 32ᵃ, see בָּטֵל I, Pi'el; and frequently ↗ original

בַּטָּלָה (the preceding) vanity, idleness. Kethuboth 5, 5 הב׳ מביאה וכ׳ idleness leads to immorality. Avoth 3, 4 המפנה לבו לב׳ who turns his mind to vanities. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵃ bottom of the page להזכיר ש"ש לב׳ to pronounce the name of the Lord for no purpose.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 7, 31ᵇ bottom of the page דברים של ב׳ useless labors (as carrying water and pouring it out again). Bereshith Rabbah section 91 דבר של ב׳ irrelevant argument. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 4, 53ᵇ על הב׳ for no use. Kiddushin 16ᵇ שכר ב׳ compensation for interrupted labor; and frequently ↗ original

בִּטָּלוֹן , see בַּטְלָנוּת ↗ original

בַּטְלָן (בטל) unemployed. — plural בַּטְלָנִים, בַּטְלָנִין. Sanhedrin 21ᵇ סוסים הב׳ horses not needed for the army. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 20ᶜ. Megillah 1, 3 עשרה ב׳ ten persons having leisure; see Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 70ᵇ bottom of the page ↗ original

בַּטְלָנָא ; idler, lazy; unemployed. plural בַּטְלָנִין. Targum Exodus 5, 8; 17.—בַּטְלָנֵי. Pesachim 51ᵇ; 55ᵃ; Berachoth 17ᵇ ↗ original

בַּטְלָנוּת (בטל) idleness, loss of time. Treatise Abad. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2 בִּטְּלוֹנוֹ; Sifré Deuteronomy 118 בַּטְלָנוּתוֹ his idleness (during sickness), ↗ original

בְּטַן (see בטי) to be pregnant. Targum Proverbs 25, 23.—Bereshith Rabbah section 98 (play on triyah, Judges 15, 15, as if τρία, three) בָּטְנָה תרין she was going with two (making together three). Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי (חד מאת׳ 7). [Targum Judges 15, 15 בטינתא, see טִינָתָא.] ↗ original

בֶּטֶן see בטי) belly. Niddah 31ᵇ. Sotah 28ᵃ בִּטְנוֹ וכ׳ the belly of the adulterer; and frequently ↗ original

בִּטְנָא Chaldaic (Aramaic) feminine same. Targum Judges 13, 5; and elsewhere ↗ original

בָּטְנַאי Botnai, name of a bird. Chullin 63ᵃ ↗ original

בָּטְנֶה , see בּוּטְנָא I.—plural בָּטְנִים, see also next word ↗ original

בָּטְנוֹן (בטן) a musical instrument, a sort of bagpipe; (other opinion) cittern fastened around the body; (other opinion) workingman’s pinafore. Kelim 15, 6 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בטנים, other version בטונין, בטינין, see Aruch Completum (Kohut) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) under the word). ↗ original

בָּטְנִי Botni, name of a bird. Chullin 63ᵃ (different interpretation or differently interpreted frequently בטנאי). ↗ original

בָּטְנִית Botnith. Pesachim 57ᵃ Abba Saul ben B. ↗ original

בָּטְנָן , see בּוּטְנָה ↗ original

בִּטְרָא (= בֵּי עִטְרָא, see עִיטְרָא) space for spanning one’s hand around an object = Hebrew תְּפִיסָה or אֲחִיזָה. Chullin 50ᵇ.—plural בִּטְרֵי. the same place (ibid.) 76ᵃ (edition ד for ר, as Bava Metzia 39ᵇ עיטדא for עיטרא). [Differ. of opinion as to measure: one finger or four fingers.] ↗ original

בְּטַשׁ (see בְּטַט to tread; to kick, knock down (with one’s foot), crush. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 24, 10.—Shabbath 116ᵇ אתא חמרא וב׳ לשרגא the ass (offered to the judge as a bribe) came and knocked the (gold) lamp over. Bava Kamma 62ᵃ דב׳ בכספתא וכ׳ who kicked the money box aside so that he threw it into the river. Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּטֵּישׁ to stamp. Targum 2, Esther 3, 8.—Bava Kamma 99ᵃ he hired him לבַטּוּשֵׁי (Rashi a. Manuscript Rome) for stamping; see בִּיטְשָׁא.—Transf. to treat with contempt, sneer at. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 14, 9.—Eruvin 54ᵃ top of the page *Shevuoth 30ᵇ בטש ביה ואוקמיה לע"ה (Manuscript Florence only … אוקמיה) he insulted the ignorant man and made him stand up; see, however, בְּתַשׁ. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְבַּטֵּשׁ to be stamped in, mixed up. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 24, 10. ↗ original

בִּטְשָׁא , see בּיטְשָׁא ↗ original

בֵּי (= (= בְּ־ I) in, with, at. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 22, 28 בי ההיא שעתא at that time. Targum Song of Songs 1, 9; 13; 14 (edition Vienna edition בההיא). (= בין) between, among. Sotah 10ᵃ; Megillah 12ᵃ; see בּוּצִינָא.—Shabbath 109ᵇ בי מיללי (manuscript במ׳) between the embers; and frequently—בי שמשי (= Hebrew בין השמשות) during sunset. Berachoth 43ᵇ קדושא דבי ש׳ the Kiddush said on Friday night. Kethuboth 103ᵃ כל בי ש׳ every Friday night. (= בְּ 2) son of; see בְּרַבִּי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 7ᶜ bottom of the page; and frequently (= בֵּית) house of, school of; home, place of etc. Targum Job 7, 9; and elsewhere—… תנא דבי ר׳ (supply (understood word) תני) a student of the school of R. … taught. Chullin 42ᵃ; and frequently—Avodah Zarah 6ᵇ בדבי ר׳ או׳ (Munich manuscript ב"ר) in (the Boraitha) of the school of R. O.—Yevamoth 21ᵇ דבי אימא רבתי one of the family of the grandmother (whether mother’s or father’s mother). the same place (ibid.) דבי אבא רבה of the grandfather’s family; דבי דודי one of the uncle’s relation.—דבי רב the Boraitha of Be Rab (Sifra). Chullin 66ᵃ (see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)); and frequently—בי רבנן college. Berachoth 17ᵃ; and frequently [For other compounds with בי, see respective determinants.] ↗ original

בִּיָּא (via, late Gr. βία) highway, road. [As regards the import, in the Roman government, of the office of commissioner on highways, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Via.] Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᶜ bottom of the page; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 114, beginning; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 794; Bereshith Rabbah section 12 (corrupted version by comparison) אין לך (מקום ומקום) מדינה ומדינה שאין (לו) לה (איש) אדם ממונה על ב׳ שלו there is not a district (place) which has not an officer appointed over its highways; see אגדיקוס a. אנגיטוס. the same place (ibid.) do not read בְּיָהּ שמו but בִּיָיה שמו (Yerushalmi (prefix) the passage cited כי יה correct accordingly) (the overseer of) via (the maintenance of the world’s roads) in His name; compare מָקוֹם. [For βία force, see בִּיָיא 2.] ↗ original

בִּיאָה 2 coming in, entrance. Menachoth 4ᵃ; Sifra Metsor. Nega'im Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4, Parah 7 (referring to ושב, Leviticus 14, 39 a. ובא, the same place (ibid.) 44) זו היא שיבה זו היא ב׳ the same rule applies to his coming the second time and to his entering (after a week). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 6 (referring to ביתך …, Deuteronomy 6, 10) (on the door post to the right) of thy coming from the street to thy house. Yoma 86ᵇ ולואי … כב׳ oh, that the going out (of office) be (as pure) as the coming into! the same place (ibid.) and the following ב׳ כיציאה … oh, that the coming home (from court) be (as sinless) as the going out (for holding court)! Bava Metzia 107ᵃ ב׳ לעולם birth. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 7, 56ᵈ top, and frequently בִּיאַת המקדש entering the Temple. Yoma 53ᵇ ב׳ ריקנית entering (the Holy of Holies) without incense, i.e. needlessly.—ביאת שמש sunset. Berachoth 2ᵃ ב׳ שמשו וכ׳ the sunset of his last day of levitical uncleanness prevents him from etc., i.e. is indispensable for his permission to eat T’rumah, see טְהֵר: and frequently—plural בִּיאוֹת. Kiddushin 37ᵇ נאמרו ב׳ וכ׳ bibl. passages mentionning entrance into the promised land; and frequently (see בּוֹא; = בְּעִילָה) coition, connection. Kiddushin 1, 1; and frequently—ביאת ערוה incestuous connection. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 2, 3ᶜ bottom of the page; and frequently—ב׳ מצוה, see מִצְוָה.—plural as above. Kerith. 2, 3; and frequently—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 12 שתי ב׳ two ways of etc. ↗ original

ביארי , see פליא ↗ original

בִּיב (בוב, see בָּב) pipe, gutter, canal. Eruvin 8, 10 (88ᵃ). Avodah Zarah 3, 4. Bereshith Rabbah section 12 בִּיבָהּ על פתחה its water-spout over its entrance. the same place (ibid.) בִּיבוֹ man’s spout (nose). Shemoth Rabbah section 36 מצא ב׳ he strikes against a gutter; and elsewhere—plural בִּיבִים, בִּיבִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page במקום ב׳ on a place where there were sewers; Bereshith Rabbah section 1.—Shemoth Rabbah section 6 גורף ב׳ cleaning sewers. Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 2 בכיבין (corrupted acc)—בִּיבוֹת. Bava Kamma 6ᵃ; 30ᵃ ↗ original

בִּיבָא ; duct, underground walk. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᵈ עאל ליה מן ב׳ דמדינתא; (Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 עליל ביה בבובי׳ correct accordingly) he came up to him from the duct of the besieged fortress.—[Echah Rabbah to 1, 5 וביבא, see בִּיבֵי.] ↗ original

בֵּיבַאי , see בֵּיבַי ↗ original

ביבון proper noun of a male person Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 7, 48ᵈ ר׳ ב׳, read as Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 8, 16ᶜ top, בּוּן. ↗ original

בִּיבֵי (vive) long live! Echah Rabbah to 1, 5 ב׳ דומינו וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (read דומיני, vive domine imperator) long live my lord the Emperor. [Eduyoth וביבא מארי אפלטור, Syriac, corrupted ביבי.] ↗ original

בֵּיבַי , 11; Nehemiah 7, 16) Bebai. Shekalim 5, 1 בן בבי; Yoma 23ᵃ בי׳. the same place (ibid.) 34ᵇ רב ב׳ R. B., an Amora. Bava Bathra 36ᵇ; and elsewhere—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 5, 52ᵃ בעל ביבי, read בֶּכִי which see] ↗ original

בִּיבָר (vivarium, βιβάριον) vivarium, an enclosure in which live game, fish etc. (also wild beasts) are kept. Sanhedrin 39ᵃ לשדיוה לב׳ must be thrown into the vivarium. the same place (ibid.) שדיוה וכ׳ they threw him etc. but they (the beasts) did not eat him. Betzah 24ᵃ; and frequently—plural בִּיבָרִים, בִּיבָרִין. the same place (ibid.) 3, 1; and frequently see בִּיבָרְיָא. ↗ original

ביברי , Chullin 127ᵃ, read בי ברי, see בֵּירַאי ↗ original

בִּיבָרְיָא (plural of vivarium, see בִּיבָר) animals kept in the vivarium, game. Pesikta Rabbati section 16; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Eth Korb. p. 58ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 777; Kings 176; Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 7 (corrupted ציב׳, ברב׳ etc.; explained בַּרְבֻּרִים אֲבֻסִים I Kings 5, 3 chosen, fattened) מיני ב׳ various kinds of game (deer etc.) from the vivarium. 5. בַּרְבַּרְיָא, end. ↗ original

בִּידְ־ , see בִּדְ־ ↗ original

בִּידָּא , Pi'el of בָּדָא. ↗ original

בִּידָּא ² (בְּדִי 1; compare בִּדִּין) fiction, false report, information. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, 23ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 16, 15ᶜ ואתצידו כולהון מן ב׳ and they were all taken prisoners owing to the information against them. [Rabad Seder hak-Kabb. a. other chroniclers have erroneously ונתלה ר׳ שרירא מידו אחת, read … מן בידה or בידו.] ↗ original

בִּידּוּר , see בִּדּוּר ↗ original

בִּידִּין , see בִּדִּין ↗ original

בִּיהוּלְתָּא feminine Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew בֶּהָלָה. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 26, 16; and elsewhere (edition also בַּהוּלְתָּא). ↗ original

בִּיהוּתָא (בהת) shame. Targum 2 Chronicles 32, 21, construct state בִּיהוּת; see בַּהֲתָא. ↗ original

ביוכא , see בַּיְיכָא ↗ original

בִּיּוּנָא (בין) = בֹּינָא understanding. Targum Proverbs 2, 3; and frequently ↗ original

בִּיזָּא 1 (בזי 2) rent, cleft. Vayikra Rabbah section 19 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) [לא] דמי הדין ריסא להדין ב׳ (edition, see אָלִיס a. בִּיזְעָא).—plural בִּיזֵּי. Bava Bathra 74ᵃ; Sanhedrin 110ᵃ אחוי ליה תרי ב׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) he showed him two clefts in the ground (edition חזאי תרי ביזעי); Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition pr. variant reading … חזאי ביזתא דסליק תננא מינה (Manuscript Rome כוותא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) I saw a cleft out of which smoke rose. ruin, destruction. Targum Isaiah 60, 18 (Hebrew text שׁדׄ); see next word ↗ original

בִּיזָּא = Hebrew בִּזָּה dividing; plunder, spoil. Nahum, Book of 3, 1. Targum Onkelos Exodus 15, 9; and frequently—Echah Rabbah to 2, 13 בערביא וכ׳ in Arabia they call spoil (ביזתא) ăditha (with referring to אעידך the same place (ibid.)). Cmp. עֲדוּדָה. [Targum Isaiah 60, 16 (Hebrew text שׁדׄ); see the preceding word]—Transferred בִּיזְתָא robbed woman. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 1, 2 הא ב׳ עלובתא this poor robbed woman; Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 750 (incorr. version). ↗ original

בִּיזָּא 3 (בִּיזְתָא feminine) (בזז, compare בְּזִיזֵי; compare שׁדׄ, שַׁד) feeder, whence pap, breast. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 11, 8 (brisket, see ביזיאה; Hebrew text לְשַׁד, compare שַׁד).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵇ top ליט ב׳ וכ׳ cursed be the breast which nursed such a man.—plural בִּיזַּיָּא. Targum Job 21, 24 בִּיזוֹי (variant reading תדיוהי).—Bereshith Rabbah section 5 לייטין ב׳ וכ׳, see above; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Zakhor p. 23ᵇ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) singular). Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page ↗ original

בִּיזְגָּא , see בַּזְגָּא ↗ original

בִּיזָּה spoil. Bamidbar Rabbah section 13, end בִּיזַּת הים spoil made at the Red Sea, ב׳ מצרים made in Egypt; and elsewhere—plural בִּיזּוֹת. Echah Rabbah to 2, 13 (referring to אעידך the same place (ibid.); compare בִּיזְּתָא under the word בִּיזָּא 2) כמה ב׳ וכ׳ how often did I give you the spoils of your enemies. ↗ original

בִּיזּוּעַ (בזע) rending, rent. Targum Joel 2, 13.—[ביזועותא, see בִּיזְעָא.] ↗ original

*בִּיזְיָא (בזי 2) rag, wreck. Bereshith Rabbah section 30 ב׳ סבא old rag (contemptuous designation of an old man). ↗ original

בִּיזָּיוֹן , see בִּזָּ׳ ↗ original

ביזיונא , see בזיו׳ ↗ original

בִּיזְלֵי (בזי 2, ל format.) cuts, rents, whence disconnected outskirts of a community. Bava Bathra 68ᵇ (explained שייריה) ביזלי. What is bizlé? פיסקי בגי, see בָּאגָא; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 14ᶜ bottom of the page שוריה בזייה (read שְׁיָרֶיהָ). ↗ original

בִּיזְעָא (בזע) rent, split, cleft. Avodah Zarah 70ᵃ הוה ב׳ בדשא there was a crack in the door. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 14 (Koheleth Rabbah to 10, 18 בקיעה), see אָלִיס; Vayikra Rabbah section 19, see בִּיזָּא I.—plural בִּיזְעֵי. Taanith 21ᵇ דאית ביה ב׳ ב׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word כסילתא (edition קרנא דהוה בזיע, Munich manuscript see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)), see כּוֹסִילְתָּא. Bamidbar Rabbah section 18 אזלי וחזאי תרי ב׳; Sanhedrin 110ᵃ, see בִּיזָּא I. ↗ original

בִּיזְרָא , see בִּזְרָ׳ ↗ original

בִּיזְּתָא , see בִּיזָּא ↗ original

*בֵּיזְתָא Bez’tha (contracted of בי זיתא Olive-town), near Pumbeditha. Eruvin 52ᵃ תהא שביתתי [ב]ב׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בצינתא; Munich manuscript בני זיתא read בבי; Oxford manuscript בזיתא; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) my central point for Sabbath distances be in B. ↗ original

בִּיחֵיל , see בָּחַל ↗ original

ביט , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 3, 34ᵈ bottom of the page, read בֵּיעָא. ↗ original

בֵּיטָא 1 (βῆτα) Beta, second letter of the Greek Alphabet. Shekalim 3, 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Babylonian בי"תא correct accordingly). ↗ original

בִּיטּוּי (בטי) vain, useless talk, referring to vows and oaths which neither benefit nor injure anybody; שבועת ב׳ a useless oath, contradistinguished to ש׳ שוא a false oath or one asserting something impossible. Shevuoth 3, 9 and the following the same place (ibid.) 49ᵇ; Bava Metzia 36ᵃ an oath imposed in court אין בה משום שבועת ב׳ does not come under the law of vain oaths (as to sacrifices). the same place (ibid.) ב׳ שפתים erroneous statement without legal consequences, oppos. to כפירת ממון whereby somebody lost money. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 1, beginning 51ᵃ שביטוי שבועה, read שכִּינּוּיֵי.] ↗ original

בִּיטּוּל (בטל) interruption, loss of time; abrogation; relinquishment, renunciation. Kiddushin 33ᵃ קימה שאין בה ב׳ rising (in honor of an elder etc.) which causes no interruption of labor.—ב׳ תורה neglect of the study of the Law. Shabbath 32ᵇ; and frequently—Menachoth 99ᵃ and the following פעמים שבִּיטוּלָהּ וכ׳ sometimes the neglect of the Law is its establishing. Shabbath 16, 1 ב׳ בה"מ neglect of lectures (through reading at home). Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 4, 18ᵇ, and elsewhere ב׳ עניים loss of time to the poor (when compelled to wait for their share in the crop).—Eruvin 66ᵇ ב׳ רשות, see בָּטֵל Pi'el—Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 4, 46ᵃ top, and frequently ב׳ פריה ורביה neglect of marital life.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 43ᵈ bottom of the page יש לה ב׳ can be cancelled, see the same place (ibid.) 4, 4 under the word בָּטֵל Pi'el—Pesachim 4ᵇ בב׳ בעלמא וכ׳ a mere relinquishment of possession would be sufficient.; and very frequently ↗ original

בִּיטּוּלָא Targum Proverbs 15, 22.—Avodah Zarah 53ᵇ ↗ original

בִּיטָּחוֹן , see בִּטָּחוֹן ↗ original

בִּיטִי , see בְּטִי ↗ original

בִּיטִיתָא , see בּוּטִּיתָא ↗ original

בִּיטְנָתָא (בטן) pregnancy, growth of the embryo. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי (חד מאת׳ 6) אילין ירחי דב׳ דילידתא (strike out one of the two terms). ↗ original

בִּיטְשָׁא (בטש) stamping, fulling. Bava Kamma 99ᵃ ב׳ ב׳ וכ׳ (בִּט׳) for every stamping manipulation one M’ah.—plural בִּיטְשֵׁי the same place (ibid.) (variant reading לבטושי), see בְּטַשׁ. ↗ original

בַּיִי , = בַּיִת, see בַּרְבַּיִי ↗ original

בִּיָיא 1 (via), see בִּיָּא ↗ original

בִּיָיא 2 (βία) force, act of violence, extortion, wrong. Bereshith Rabbah section 93 (play on bi, Genesis 44, 18) ב׳ אתה מעביר עלינו thou passest violence over us (thou treatest us unjustly). Shemoth Rabbah section 20 שמא … ב׳ וכ׳ do I ever wrong any creature? Devarim Rabbah section 2 (play on בבאה Ezekiel 8, 5) הא ב׳ רבא לעלמא וכ׳ Oh, this great wrong in this world, see below. *Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, 38ᵃ כן … כורוסתי בייה that is the way one says to his neighbor (read כריזסתי χαρίζεσθαι βίᾳ) to do a favor perforce (referring to an invitation accompanied with a vow in case of refusal). interjection (= Hebrew וי) woe! help! Yoma 69ᵇ ב׳ ב׳ וכ׳ woe, woe, it is this (the tempter) that destroyed the Temple etc. Yevamoth 97ᵇ ב׳ ב׳ מאה וכ׳ woe, woe over the brother who is etc. Vayikra Rabbah section 17, end (play on בבאה, see above) ב׳ ב׳ תותבא וכ׳ woe, woe, that the stranger dislodges the owner (idolatry in the Temple). ↗ original

בייבא , see בַּיְיכָא ↗ original

בייבין , read בייכין, see בּוּךְ ↗ original

בַּיְידָּא , see בַּדָּאָה ↗ original

בִּיָיה road, see בִּיָּא; wrong, see בִּיָיא. ↗ original

בָּיֵיךְ , see בּוּךְ ↗ original

בַּיְיכָא (בוך; compare סְבָכָה, סְבַכְתָּא) net, head-dress. Bava Bathra 146ᵃ ‘small presents’, תרגמה רבא בייכא וסבכתא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word ייכא (edition בייבא, Munich manuscript ביוב׳, Manuscript Hamburg ביוכא, compare commentary or commentaries כגון ב׳; see Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word) said R., This means e.g. a net or a cap. ↗ original

בָּיֵיל , see בִּיל ↗ original

ביילין , Tosefta Bava Metzia 9, 14, see כַּיָּיל ↗ original

בַּיֵּין , see בִּין Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

בִּיֵּיר , see בּוּר I Hebrew a. Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

בַּיָּיר (denominative of בֵּיר or בֹּור, compare בּוּר Pi'el 2) superintendent of the well in rural communities. Shevi'ith 8, 5 אין נותנין לא לב׳ וכ׳ (out of the money realized from the fruits of the Sabbath year) you must not pay the well-master etc.; אבל נותן הוא לב׳ לשתות but you may pay the well-master a fee for giving you water to drink. Tosefta Bava Metzia 9, 14 הב׳ והבלן וכ׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) beginning 12ᵃ edition Krot. הכ׳, correct accordingly) the well-master, the bather etc. when collecting their fees from the owner (individually), may attach only the owner’s share in the produces. the same place (ibid.) 8, 11ᵈ top שאלה מן הב׳; [Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 97ᵇ למישאל מידי מחבריה, read מבַּיָּירָא Chaldaic (Aramaic)]. ↗ original

בַּיִּיר (בּוּר) untilled, waste ground. Targum Deuteronomy 21, 4 (virgin land, Hebrew text אֵיתָן).—Targum Isaiah 28, 25. Targum Jeremiah 12, 13 בְּיַר(!).—Vayikra Rabbah section 1, beginning, see בּוּר Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

בַּיְישֹׁונִי , see בֵּישָׁנִי ↗ original

ביישיא , Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, 60ᶜ bottom of the page, read בִּישַׁיָּיא. ↗ original

בַּיְישָׁן (בּוּשׁ) bashful, chaste; chaste person, bashful man. Nedarim 20ᵃ סימן יפה באדם שהוא ב׳ it is a favorable indication in a man that he is bashful. Avoth 2, 5. הב׳ he who is ashamed (to ask questions at school); and elsewhere—plural בַּיְישָׁנִים, בַּיְישָׁנִין. Yevamoth 79ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᵈ בויישנין(?); Bamidbar Rabbah section 8; Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 28; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms I. see בֵּישָׁן ↗ original

בַּיְישַׁנָּאָה , see בּישָׁנִי ↗ original

בַּיְיתָא , see בֵּיתָא I ↗ original

בַּיְיתוֹס , see בַּיְתוֹס ↗ original

בַּיָיתוֹת (denominative of בַּיִת) animals lodged (at certain seasons) in sheds within town-limits. Betzah 5, 7 (40ᵃ, Munich manuscript ביאתות); Shabbath 45ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original

בִּיכּוּרָה , see בִּכּוּרָה ↗ original

*בּיל Hif'il הוֹבִיל to mix, see next word ↗ original

בִּיל (compare Biblical Hebrew בָּלַל) to mix, knead; in a transferred sense (compare גרס, דרש) to study thoroughly. Menachoth 65ᵃ (play on בלשן, Nehemiah 7, 7; compare בלשׁ) הוה בָּיֵיל … ודריש he studied languages and explained them. *. בַּיֵּיל same; in a transferred sense to discuss. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 43ᵃ מאן דתני אוֹבִיל נייבל (read נְבַיֵּיל) he who reads in the Mishnah (3, 5; see בִּין Hif'il) obil, means, Let us discuss the subject. ↗ original

בִּילְגָּה (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Bilgah, chief of a priests’ division; whence, fem. (supply (understood word) משפחת) name of a priests’ division, see מִשְׁמָר. Sukkah 5, 8 ב׳ לעולם וכ׳ the Bilgah division at all times distributes its shares of the show-bread in the Southern part of the Temple courts. the same place (ibid.) 56ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 28 בִּילְגָּא edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) ↗ original

בילדין , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 12, 7, see לַבְלָר ↗ original

בִּילָה (= בְּלִילָה, frequently בלל, compare נִידָה Lamentations 1, 8; עִילָה a. עֲלִילָה) thorough mixture, even distribution of mixed objects. Zevachim 80ᵃ יש ב׳ a mixture is considered evenly distributed in all its parts. Rosh Hashanah 13ᵇ לכל אין ב׳ none of the mixtures named is a real mixture (of even distribution), except wine and oil (being liquid). Chullin 83ᵇ, and frequently כל הראוי לב׳ וכ׳ wherever from the proportions and properties of the mixture a perfect fusion is possible, the real act of mixing thoroughly is not indispensable. ↗ original

בילוות , Targum Job 38, 37, see כילוות ↗ original

בִּילוֹן , Bechoroth 7, 1, see כִּילוֹן ↗ original

בילוניא , see בִּלְיוֹנָא ↗ original

*בילוס , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵇ bottom of the page משיח ב׳ (variant reading כ׳), read חייב משום לש. [Read the passage as follows: ההן דאגין גירקררין שרי זיפות שרי משרין חייב משום לש—all of which belongs to line 26 frequently bottom] ↗ original

בילמי , Pesikta Rabbati section 21, read צַלְמִי, see צֶלֶם. [Read: הא בריית לך חברותך את וחברך בדמותי וצלמי behold, I created for thee thy company; thou and thy neighbor (were made) in my image etc.] ↗ original

בילן , Bechoroth 43ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see כִּילוֹן; Kelim 20, 6 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see וִילוֹן; Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 25, 25 manuscript, Leviticus a. other, see כִּילַן. ↗ original

בילני , see בַּלְנֵי ↗ original

בילפט , see בֵּלְשָׁפָט ↗ original

בילקאות , Sifré Deuteronomy 36, read בסילקאות, see בָּסִילְקִי ↗ original

בילרין , see בֹּולְרִין ↗ original

בִּילְתִּין , see בַּלְתִּין ↗ original

בִּימָא , Avodah Zarah 16ᵇ, = next word ↗ original

בִּימָה (compare בָּמָה) elevated stand for public meetings (for speakers, readers, holding court etc.). Sotah 7, 8. Sukkah 51ᵇ. Avodah Zarah 1, 7 (the same place (ibid.) 16ᵇ בימא). Bereshith Rabbah section 76 as if seated על ב׳ ודן upon the platform and holding court. Vayikra Rabbah section 13 ונראית כאילו מצעת ב׳ and gives itself the appearance as if holding court (giving the form of legality to robberies). Bereshith Rabbah section 37 ב׳ של רשע the court of injustice (Rome).—Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 8 (Avodah Zarah 16ᵇ גרדום; Tosefta Chullin 2, 24 במה); and frequently—plural (of בימא) בִּימָאוֹת. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 84ᵃ (Oxford manuscript כסאות; Tanchuma edition Buber edition Beshallach 5 מגדלים) (wooden) platforms.—בִּימוֹת. Megillah 32ᵃ הלוחות והב׳ (Munich manuscript והבמות; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 73ᵈ bottom of the page בימה ולווחין) the tablets (in Synagogues, probably used for announcements) and the raised seats (for readers or distinguished persons to speak from). [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word במות, referring to Megillah the passage cited, explains, לוחות the board-covers of books, במות wooden stands (עמוד) for exhibiting the Torah scrolls during the services; another opinion quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): לוחות the blank margins between the columns of the scroll, במות the upper and lower as well as the front and back margins; compare אריח a. לבנה.] [A derivation of our word frequently βῆμα is excluded, because the singular, in that case, would be בימא or בימטא a. the plural בימטין or בימטאות.] ↗ original

בִּימוּס (an adaptation of βωμός, treated in inflection as a cacophemism = בי מיאוס, see Tosefta Avodah Zarah 5, 6, quoted bel., compare איצטריא; Syriac (Peshitta) בומסא, Chaldaic בַּמְסָא, בִּימְסָא, בָּמוֹסָא) pedestal of idolatrous statuary. Avodah Zarah 3, 7 a stone originally hewn לב׳ for an idol’s pedestal. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) V (6), 8 ב׳ שנפגם a broken bomos, (contradistinguished to מזבח); Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 53ᵇ bottom of the page ב׳ אבן וכ׳ a bomos is made of one stone, an altar of several. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6, 10; and frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 10, end, 12ᶜ העלה על גבי ב׳, read דִּימוֹס.]—plural בִּימוּסָאוֹת, בִּימוּסְיָאוֹת, בִּימוֹסִיֹּות, בִּימְס׳. Avodah Zarah 4, 6 (53ᵇ) ב׳ של מלכים (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage), Mishnah N. בומסיות) pedestals temporarily put up for the reception of princes (governors). the same place (ibid.) 54ᵃ בימסיאות בשעת השמד Munich manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) idolatrous pedestals (or altars) erected during (the Hadrianic) persecution, אע"פ שהשמד בטל אותן הב׳ לא ביטלו although the persecution has been repealed, they (the Romans) have not cancelled these altars; see בָּטֵל Pi'el—Bereshith Rabbah section 53, and elsewhere (some edition בִּימָסוֹת) altars. Tosefta Avodah Zarah V (6), 6 בֵּי מוּסְיָיאוֹת edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בימסיות). [Avodah Zarah 1, 7 (16ᵃ) בימוסיאות, בימסיות, read with Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דִּימוֹסְיָאוֹת.] ↗ original

בִּימִי Bimi = אַבִּימִי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 14ᵃ top אדא ור׳ ב׳ read: אדא בר ב׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᵇ top בר איבומ׳ (איכומ׳); see Frankel M’bo p. 62ᵃ ↗ original

בימין , Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 670, see בָּאיָין ↗ original

בִּימָס , see בִּימוֹס ↗ original

בִּימְסָא Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew בִּימוֹס. Avodah Zarah 53ᵇ ↗ original

בִּין , see בוא) to pierce, split, penetrate; whence, to discern, understand; see Hif'il *. בֹּונֵן (compare בֵּין) to cause to penetrate, to saturate. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Parah 12, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 14 (referring to Leviticus 2, 13) יכול תְּבוֹנֵּהוּ from bammelaḥ I might judge, ‘thou must thoroughly saturate it, ת"ל תמלח therefore it says, ‘timlaḥ’ (thou shalt strew). Menachoth 21ᵃ (quoting Sifra the passage cited) מאי תבונהו what does the word t’bonnehu mean? Said R. b. U. ה"ק יכול יִתְבֹּונֶנּוּ כתבן (taking ת as radical, as if imperat. of a verb תבן, denominative of תֶּבֶן) it means, I might suppose, he must mix it up like straw in clay (see below). Said A. to him א"ה יתבוננו מיבעי ליה if so, then it ought to read (in the Sifra) yithbonennu (third person). But said A. (taking it frequently בנה) יכול יעשנו כבניין I might suppose, he shall heap the salt upon it like a building (a pile). Said R. to him, א"ה יבננו מיבעי ליה then it ought to read yibnennu. But said R. (you must correct the Sifra so as to read) יכול תבוניהו (corrupted תָּבִינֵיהוּ) thou shalt make it savory … יתן בו טעם כבינה he shall put a taste into it as does understanding into a man, see טַעַם. [Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 454: מאי יתבנהו … יכול יתבלנו כתבן וטיט … תבלנו מ"ל … יכול יעשנו כבנין … א"ה .יבנהו מ"ל … יכול תבינהו … יכול יתן בו טעם בבינה—Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth): יכול תבניהו … מאי תבניהו … יכול יתבלנו (הרבה במלח) כתבן בטיט … יכול יתן בו טעם, correct: יכול תבינהו יתן וכ׳.] Hif'il הִפְעִיל הוֹבִין (compare הוֹבִיר, under the word בּוּר) (denomin. of בֵּין) to mediate, to be interpreter. Avodah Zarah 3, 5 (45ᵃ) אני אוֹבִין לפניך (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8) let me be thy interpreter (let me explain what you mean) כל מקום וכ׳ (the words על ההרים וכ׳, Deuteronomy 12, 2, are explanatory) wherever thou findest a high mountain etc., know there must be an idol. [In the version אני אהיה אובין וכ׳, אוֹבֵין is used as a participle of a verb אָבֵין, denomin. of בֵּין, to act as a mediator or interpreter.] 2) הֵבִין (Biblical Hebrew) to perceive, make intelligible, especially to find analogies (between two cases). ה׳ דבר מתוך דבר properly to bring out one thing from between another, i.e. to form a conclusion by analogy. Shabbath 31ᵃ הֵבַנְתָּה וכ׳ hast thou cultivated thy mind to conclude etc. (referring to דעת Isaiah 33, 6). Sanhedrin 93ᵇ; and frequently Chagigah 2, 1 (11ᵇ) חכם מֵבִין מדעתו (not ומבין, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) a student able to speculate by himself, a thinker.—the same place (ibid.) 13ᵃ bottom of the page היה מֵבִין בהשמל speculated over the ḥashmal (Ezek. 1, 27); and frequently Hithpolel a. Nithpo. הִתְבֹּונֵן, נִתְבֹּונָן to understand one’s self, to be careful, to reflect. Bava Kamma 27ᵇ להתבונן בדרכים to look around on roads (to be prepared for something in their way against which they might strike). Bereshith Rabbah section 34 ויבן כתי׳ נתבונן the word ויבן (he built, Genesis 8, 20) may be read vayaben, i.e. he reflected, argued. ↗ original

בִּין ² ; see below.—Pa'el בַּיֵּין, בַּיֵּן to teach, make wise. Targum Psalms 119, 27. Targum Job 32, 8. the same place (ibid.) see 9 יְבַיְּנוּן דינא explain the law (edition Vienn. יְבִינוּן, Pe., understand). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּיַן to reflect upon, to understand. Targum Job 32, 12. the same place (ibid.) 28, 23; and frequently Ithpol. אִתְבּוֹנַן to be considerate, cautious. Echah Rabbah to 1, 16, beginning, see בְּחִי. ↗ original

בַּיִן , only in construct state בֵּין, בינת־ (Biblical Hebrew; the preceding, compare ביין, באיין) something split, or placed between; preposition between, among.—אין בין … ל there is no difference betw. … and … Megillah 1, 5; and frequently—בין השמשות (abbr. בה"ש) at twilight, dusk; see בֵּי. Avoth 5, 6; and frequently—… ב׳ … ב׳ both … as well as … Bava Kamma 4, 3; and frequently—Yevamoth 23ᵃ ב׳ אומרים לו וכ׳ whether the law says to thy father …, or etc. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 11 בין ווי לוה וכ׳ owing to the difference between vay (woe) and vah (ah), R. J. escaped.—דברים שֶׁבֵּינוֹ לְבֵינָהּ private affairs concerning him (the husband) and her (the wife). Nedarim 79ᵇ; and frequently—Dual בֵּינַיִים, בֵּנַיִים, בֵּינְתַּיִים, בֵּנְתַּיִם (for בֵּינוֹתַיִם) between two, among, amid. Bereshith Rabbah section 4 ביניים ובינתיים in the very centre. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵇ top of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, beginning 48ᶜ טול מבנת׳ take from what is between the two, i.e. qualifications common to both; and frequently—Constr. בֵּינֵי־. Niddah 67ᵇ מפסקת בֵּינֵיהֶן intervening between; and frequently ↗ original

בֵּין usually plural בֵּינֵי Chaldaic (Aramaic) same. Targum Genesis 1, 6; and frequently—Chullin 114ᵃ; Shabbath 132ᵇ אתיא מִבֵּינַיָּיא from between the two (from both cases combined) it may be concluded.—מאי בֵינַיְיהוּ (abbr. מ"ב) wherein do they differ? איכא בינייהו (abbr. א"ב) they differ as to … Bava Metzia 15ᵇ; and very frequently—ביני וביני a) in the meantime. Yevamoth 71ᵇ; and frequently—b) the difference between (these and other goods). Betzah 7ᵃ; and frequently—Chullin 47ᵃ ההוא ב׳ וב׳ a case (of an abnormal lobe) between the normal lungs. [Targum Amos 9, 9 מִבֵּינָהּ, variant reading מבינא, read מִבֵּינֵיה from between its meshes.] ↗ original

בִּינָא 1 feminine Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew בִּינָה. Targum Psalms 49, 4. Targum Job 12, 12; 13; see בִּיּוּנָא ↗ original

*בִּינָא 2 (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 519) tamarisk, (commentary or commentaries: willow). Gittin 68ᵇ שורבינא וב׳ (perh. a tautography of שורבינא?). ↗ original

בִּינָא 3 (בִּין, compare בַּיִן) a thin thing, hair; ב׳ דמיא (compare נִימָא) leech. plural בִּינֵי. Gittin 69ᵇ. [Shabbath 67ᵃ, see בִּינְתָא I a. 2.] Cmp. בִּינִיתָא. ↗ original

בִּינָה intelligence, wisdom. Niddah 45ᵇ (play on ויבן, see בִּין Hithpa'el) the Lord has given to woman ב׳ יתירה greater (earlier maturity of) judgment. Berachoth 10ᵃ במקום ב׳ at the place of understanding (near the heart); and frequently ↗ original

בֵּינוֹנִי (בין) central, mean (between extremes), average. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 2ᵈ bottom of the page לא לח וכ׳ neither wet, nor dry, but between the two (moist). אדם ב׳ a man of average strength. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᶜ bottom of the page; and frequently—Sotah 42ᵇ ב׳ שבאחיו the middle betw. his brothers (the third of five).—plural בֵּינוֹנִים, בֵּינוֹנִיִּים. Vayikra Rabbah section 30 בֵּינוֹנֵי המדינה people of the middle class, opposite גדולי; Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 7 הבינונים; Tanchuma Emor 22 בריוני (correct accordingly). Rosh Hashanah 16ᵇ ב׳ those between the very good and the very bad; and frequently—Fem. בֵּינוֹנִית. Gittin 5, 1, and frequently (supply (understood word) שדה) a field of average fertility; betw. עידית a. זיבורית.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᵃ bottom of the page הב׳ the intermediate rainy season.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 5, 9ᶜ bottom of the page there are three things of which too much or too little is obnoxious ובֵינוֹנִיתָן יפה but a reasonable quantity good. Kelim 17, 7; and frequently—plural בֵּינוֹנִיּוֹת. the same place (ibid.) 10 היו ב׳ were mean cubits; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 49ᵈ top הוא כבניינות; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 8, 22ᶜ bottom of the page בבינויות (correct accordingly). ↗ original

בִּינוּתָא feminine = בִּינָא I. Targum 2 Esther 1, 2, beginning בינות ליבא. ↗ original

בִּינְזָא Binza. Betzah 28ᵇ (Munich manuscript ביסנא; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original

בֵּינֵי , see בֵּין Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

בִּינֵי plural of בִּינָא 3, a. of בִּינְתָא. ↗ original

בֵּינַיִין (בין) intervals, empty spaces between the rows of vine. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 4, 29ᶜ top (Rabbenu Shimshon to Kilayim 4, 5 בינים). the same place (ibid.) beginning 29ᵃ, see כַּרְמוֹן. Cmp. בַּתְוָותָא. ↗ original

בִּינְיָין , see בִּנְיָן ↗ original

בִּינִיתָא (compare בִּינָא 3; Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 520) binitha; a small fish (collect.). Bava Kamma 19ᵇ חמרא דאכל ב׳ an ass that swallowed fish (something unusual). Bava Metzia 79ᵇ bottom of the page ב׳ אכרסה תקלא according to the size of its belly is the weight of fish (if you buy by weight, have the belly first removed; different interpretation or differently interpreted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh)). the same place (ibid.) 59ᵇ bottom of the page (proverb) if one has a hanged one in his family, say not in his presence זקוף בי׳ hang the fish up; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 349 בינתא (correct accordingly); the same place (ibid.) Leviticus 617 בֵּנִיתָא. Gittin 69ᵇ (masc.!) ניתי ב׳ וכ׳ let him take fish and roast it in the smithy.—Betzah 28ᵃ שב בֵּנִיתָא (variant reading בִּינְיָיתָא plural, נוניתא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 9). name of a worm. Makkoth 16ᵇ ב׳ דבי כרבא (Munich manuscript מניתא) a worm found between cabbage. [Shabbath 139ᵇ ב׳ some edition, see צינייתא.] hair; see בִּינְתָא 2. ↗ original

בֵּינָת , see בַּיִן, בֵּין. ↗ original

בִּינָתָא understanding, see בִּינָא I. ↗ original

בִּינְתָא 1 collect. noun, or בִּינָתָא plural (see בֵּינָת) the inside part, whence the kernel of seeds. Bava Bathra 18ᵇ bottom of the page אי בב׳ as to the grains (of mustard). Gittin 69ᵇ ניזדהר מב׳ let him guard against swallowing the seeds. Shabbath 67ᵃ בִּינֵי כמונא Munich manuscript (edition בוני) cumin seeds. ↗ original

בִּינְתָא 2 (בִּינִיתָא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word בין feminine (see בִּינָא 3) thread, a single hair, (collect.) hair. Targum Judges 20, 16 בֵּינַת שערא.—Shabbath 140ᵃ מב׳ דראשי from the hair of my head. Nazir 39ᵃ עיקבא דב׳ the root of the hair, ריש׳ דב׳ the top of etc.—Yoma 69ᵇ אשתמיט ב׳ וכ׳ (Munich manuscript בניתה) a hair of his beard fell out. Berachoth 8ᵃ כמשחל ב׳ וכ׳ (edition בניתא) as easy as taking a hair out of the milk.—plural בִּינֵי. Shabbath 67ᵃ seven cumin seeds (see the preceding) and ז׳ ב׳ מדיקנא seven hairs from the beard.—בִּינָתָא. Targum Job 9, 17 חוטי ב׳ (Hebrew text שְׂעָרָה!). ↗ original

בֵּינְתַּיִם , see בַּיִן ↗ original

בִּיסָא common gender (= בֵּי עִיסָא) basin for kneading the meat-offering. Menachoth 7ᵃ; 24ᵃ; 24ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 57ᵇ ב׳ למילש ביה a basin in which to knead. ↗ original

ביסא proper noun of a male person Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 4, 46ᵃ top, read נִיסָא. ↗ original

ביסי thorns (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh)), see כֵּיסָא. ↗ original

*בִּיסַי (בוס, see בְּסִיסַי) tray for wine cups. Echah Rabbah to 3, 17 מן כל ב׳ וב׳ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition פטיס) from each tray (which was handed around) one cup. ↗ original

בִּיסֵּם Pi'el of בָּסַם. [Freq. incorr. for בִּיסֵּס, see בָּסַס.] ↗ original

בִּיסְמָן , see בּוּסְמָן ↗ original

בִּיסְנָא Bisna. Kethuboth 100ᵃ; and elsewhere 5. בינזא. ↗ original

בִּיסְתַּרְקָא common gender (= בֵּי אִסְתַּרְקָא, Ithpeel noun of סרק) receptacle of hackled or hatcheled wool, whence mattress, cushion. Bava Kamma 117ᵃ חד ב׳ Manuscript Rome (edition חדא fem.).—Pl. בִּיסְתַּרְקֵי, בִּסְ׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 34, 6 בב׳ מילת (not כב׳) with fine woolen mattresses.—Bava Kamma the passage cited Bechoroth 8ᵇ. Taanith 21ᵇ bottom of the page מאיך להו ב׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition מך) laid down before them mattresses (to sleep on). Yevamoth 63ᵃ. Sanhedrin 95ᵃ. Bava Bathra 58ᵃ (= חביתא דאודדא in an enigma). ↗ original

בִּיעַ rejoicing; see בּוּעֲתָא 2. Targum Isaiah 16, 10; and elsewhere (variant reading בְּיַע incorr.). ↗ original

בְּיָעָא , participle feminine of בּוּעַ. ↗ original

בֵּיעָא (= Hebrew בֵּיצָה; בוע) egg. Targum Job 6, 6; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, 38ᵃ top (Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 3, 34ᵈ bottom of the page סגין, correct accordingly) כגון ב׳ ומרגליתא as e.g. one swearing of an egg that it was a pearl (as an instance of שבועת שקר). Yoma 69ᵇ ב׳ בת יומא a fresh egg of the same day; and frequently—plural בֵּיעִין, בֵּיעַיָּא, בֵּיעֵי, בֵּע׳. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 22, 6 (Yerushalmi (prefix) ביעיין); and frequently—Kethuboth 61ᵃ top of the page Betzah 6ᵇ and the following ב׳ דפחיא the eggs of a cackling hen, opposite those found in the killed hen. the same place (ibid.) ב׳ דדיכרא eggs from a hen impregnated by a cock, opposite ב׳ דספנא מארעא by friction on the ground. Chullin 93ᵃ ב׳ חשילתא, see חֲשִׁילָא. Shabbath 109ᵃ פיעפועי ב׳ beaten eggs.—Vayikra Rabbah section 16; and frequently—זבן בכל בֵּיעָתָא to buy (the hen) with all the eggs, i.e. to do a thing thoroughly. Vayikra Rabbah section 11; Ruth Rabbah (introduction) to 1, 2; Esther Rabbah beginning ביתא (correct accordingly); see בֵּיצָה. ↗ original

בִּיעוּט (בעט) stamping, kick. Bava Kamma 19ᵃ. [Targum Isaiah 63, 3, see בְּעוֹט.] ↗ original

בִּיעוּר (בער) removal. Maʿǎser Sheni 5, 3; Shevi'ith 7, 1, and frequently (removal of the fruits of the third and sixth years of the Sabbath period).—ב׳ חמץ, see בָּעַר Pi'el—plural בִּיעוּרִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 4, 60ᵃ bottom of the page לב׳ as to laws of removal of fruits. ↗ original

בִּיעוּרָא same. Pesachim 6ᵇ. clearing, taking off the last olives. Targum Isaiah 17, 6; 24, 13 (Hebrew נֹקֶף). ↗ original

בִּיעוּתָא (see בִּיעֲתוּתָא) fright. Targum Job 6, 4; a, e.—plural בִּיעוּתִין. Targum Isaiah 21, 4; and elsewhere ↗ original

בֵּיעֲתָא egg, see בֵּיעָא. ↗ original

בִּיעֲתָא rejoicing, see בּוּעֲתָא 2. Targum Psalms 32, 7. ↗ original

בִּיעֲתוּתָא (בעת; = Biblical Hebrew בְּעָתָה) fright, see בִּיעוּתָא. Pesachim 3ᵃ; 3ᵇ ב׳ דגמלים fear of falling down from the camel’s back; ב׳ דליליא fear of the night. Shabbath 41ᵃ ב׳ דנהרא fear of being drowned. Gittin 68ᵇ הוה ליה ב׳ מיניה he was afraid of him. Sotah 20ᵇ fear (פחדא) detains the blood (menstruation), ב׳ וכ׳ sudden fright loosens (produces menstruation). Niddah 71ᵃ ↗ original

בִּיצָּא , plural בִּיצִּין, see בִּצָּא. ↗ original

בִּיצָּה swamp, see בִּצָּה. ↗ original

בֵּיצָה [the bubbling,] egg. Betzah 1, 1; and frequently—Shabbath 8, 5 (80ᵇ) ב׳ קלה a light (easily boiling) egg. an egg-shaped object, ball, lump. the same place (ibid.) בֵּיצַת הגיר Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition הסיד) cement (lime) in a lump; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8 (9), 20 בזמן שביצה, variant reading שהיא כביצה, when it is as compact as a ball, opposite חבוט.—Parah 5, 6; Vayikra Rabbah section 23, end ביצת היוצרים the potter’s lump of clay. in a transferred sense germ, root, especially קעקע ב׳ to stamp out, to exterminate (the last germ). Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 4, 44ᵃ top of the page Vayikra Rabbah section 26. Vayikra Rabbah section 11; Ruth Rabbah (introduction) to 1, 2; Esther Rabbah beginning; see בֵּיעָא plural Betsah, name of a Talmudic treatise, beginning with that word (in Tosefta יום טוב).—plural בֵּיצִים, בֵּצִים, construct state בֵּיצֵי. Shabbath 8, 5; and frequently—Avodah Zarah 3ᵇ; and elsewhere ביצי כנים, see כִּינָּה.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 11, 30ᵇ bottom of the page, [read as] Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 5 פתפותי בצים הם כאן scrambled eggs are here, i.e. confusion of persons. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 5, 35ᵈ bottom of the page עשה ביצים a. עשה ביצה if the leek has formed bulbs. the same place (ibid.) 7, 37ᵇ bottom of the page ביצי נץ חלב, see חַלְבֵּצִין. ↗ original

בִּיצּוּעַ (בָּצַע) adjustment, compromise (usually פְּשָׁרָה). Sanhedrin 6ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 18ᵇ; and elsewhere—[plural בִּיצּוּעִין, see בִּצְעָה.] ↗ original

בִּיצּוּעָא (בְּצַע) piece, morsel, crumb. — plural בִּיצּוּעִין, בִּיצּוּעֵי, בִּיצְעֵי. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 2, 6; and elsewhere—Shabbath 140ᵇ לא ליבצע ב׳ he must not eat it by morsels (but enough at a time). Sukkah 26ᵃ תרתי או תלת ביצעי Munich manuscript (edition ביעי, see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)) two or three morsels. ↗ original

בִּיצּוּר (בָּצַר Pi'el) besieging, in a transferred sense (by play on בַּצַּר Psalms 18, 7) beseeching, entreaty. Devarim Rabbah section 2, beginning (in Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 157 our word omitted; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 811 בצר). ↗ original

בִּיצּוּרְתָּא , see בַּצּוּרְתָּא a. בְּצוֹרְתָא. ↗ original

בִּיצְיָאתָא plural of בִּיצִּיתָא. ↗ original

בִּיצִּית (see בִּצָּה) dyke-boat, lighting boat, Babylonian name for Palestinean דּוּגִית. Bava Bathra 73ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 1 בּוּ׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, beginning 15ᵃ בו׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim to Bava Bathra the passage cited, note 5). ↗ original

בִּיצִּיתָא . Bava Bathra 73ᵃ edition בו׳ (Munich manuscript בי׳, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בוצייתא); Shabbath 101ᵃ בי׳ דמישן the canal boats of Meshan. ↗ original

בִּיצְעָא , plural בִּיצְעֵי morsels, see בִּיצּוּעָא. ↗ original

בִּיצְעֵי ditches, see בִּצְעָה. ↗ original

בִּיצַרְתָּא , see בַּצּוֹרְתָא ↗ original

בִּיקּוּעַ (בקע) splitting, chopping. Kelim 13, 3 בית ב׳ that part of the spade (or shovel) which is used for chopping. the same place (ibid.) 29, 7; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᵇ top קרדום של ב׳ an axe for chopping, opposite של ניכוש (a hoe) for weeding; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 4, beginning 38ᶜ קורדום של בקעי (correct accordingly). (see בָּקַע) trimming the (olive) tree. Sifra B’har, beginning ↗ original

בִּיקּוּר (בָּקַר) examination, investigation. Pesachim 96ᵃ; Arachin 13ᵇ; Menachoth 49ᵇ טעון ב׳ requires examination (as to physical defects). Chullin 2, 3 (32ᵃ) כדי ב׳ as much time as the examination (of the slaughtering knife) requires; the same place (ibid.) 9ᵃ; [the same place (ibid.) 32ᵃ ביקרו של חכם, read ביקור חכם or בִּיקּוּרוֹ של]. Kerith. 11ᵃ (referring to בִּקֹּרֶת Leviticus 19, 20) בב׳ תהיה she must first be examined (whether she can endure the punishment required by law). visiting (the sick), visit. Nedarim 39ᵇ ב׳ חולים אין וכ׳ the duty of visiting the sick knows no limits (of time or rank). Bava Metzia 30ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original

בִּיקּוֹרֶת , see the preceding) examination, assessment. אגרת ב׳ a public announcement inviting buyers to examine the property assessed, i.e. an announcement of public sale = אַכְרָזָה. Kethuboth 11, 5 (99ᵇ); and frequently—5. אִגֶּרֶת. (Biblical Hebrew punishment). Kerith. 11ᵃ (referring to Leviticus 19, 20) ב׳ תהיה מלמד שהיא לוקה there shall be bikkoreth, this teaches that she shall be lashed. ומיניין דהדין ב׳ לישנא וכ׳ how do we know that this bikkoreth has the sense of chastisement? Answ. תהא בקריאה … Rashi (edition בקראי) she shall have the Bible verses read to her (as customary when chastising in court, see Makkoth 3, 14); other homilet. interpret. בביקור תהא, see the preceding [Tosefta Moed Katan 2, 11 ביקורת edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), see בַּקְרוּת.] ↗ original

בִּיקְיָא (vicia, βίκιον) vetch. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 5, end, 52ᵃ. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, end בִּקְיָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 4, 60ᵇ בִּקְיָיה. ↗ original

ביקעי , Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 4, beginning 38ᶜ, see בִּיקּוּעַ ↗ original

ביקרא , Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ, see בַּרְקָא 2 ↗ original

בִּיקְתָא , see בִּקְתָא ↗ original

בִּיר (= בַּר) son. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 1, 15; a. e—Berachoth 5ᵇ; Bava Bathra 116ᵃ this is the bone (tooth) דעשיראה ב׳ of the tenth son (that died).—plural construct state בִּירֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 33, 31 and the following ב׳ עקתא (Hebrew text. בני יעקן!). ↗ original

בֵּיר common gender Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew בְּאֵר. Targum Genesis 16, 14; and elsewhere Berachoth 56ᵃ. מיבעי עסקך כי הני מידי דנפל לב׳ Munich manuscript, thy goods will be sought for like something fallen into a well (i.e. thy business will thrive; different interpretation or differently interpreted version in edition a. manuscripts, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Shabbath 66ᵇ נפל פותא לב׳ Dyer’s Madder, as a remedy, has fallen into the pit (is not practiced). Bava Kamma 92ᵇ (proverb) ב׳ דשתית וכ׳ cast no stone into a well out of which thou once didst drink (never despise what once benefitted you).—Chullin 106ᵃ בַּת בֵּירְתָא a little gutter fed by a well.—plural בֵּירִין, בֵּירֵי. Targum Genesis 26, 15; and elsewhere (= Hebrew בּוֹר) pit, hole. Bava Metzia 85ᵃ ב׳ מליא וכ׳ … the cavity (created by the taking out of a radish) stood full of water; [Munich manuscript כי ב׳ דמיא like a well; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note].—plural as above. Targum Genesis 14, 10 (Hebrew text בֶּאֱרוֹת); Bereshith Rabbah section 42.—Sanhedrin 7ᵃ (proverb) שב ב׳ וכ׳ seven pits are open for the righteous man (and he escapes), and one for the evil-doer (into which he falls). Shabbath 110ᵇ בֵּירָא proper noun of a place Bera (probably ident. with בֵּירַאי 2, a), native place of R. Simlai. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵈ bottom of the page ר׳ ש׳ דיב׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 72ᶜ bottom of the page דב׳; Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 14 דברויירא (correct accordingly). ↗ original

בֵּירָאָה (see next word) of Berai, surname of Ulla. Moed Katan 26ᵃ; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 2, 73ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᵇ bottom of the page בֵּירָיָא. ↗ original

בֵּירַאי (denominative of בַּיִר, בְּאֵר) watering station, especially in Palestine for Temple pilgrims.—plural בֵּירָאוֹת, בֵּירָייוֹת, בֵּירָיוֹת. Eruvin 2, 1; and frequently Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 20ᵇ top לביריי׳ ולא לבירות (read לבירייות ולא לבורות) for watering stations but not for cisterns; see Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 18ᵃ proper noun of a place Berai or Beri; a) in Galilee. Yevamoth 83ᵇ. Bava Metzia 84ᵇ בני בירי the inhabitants of B. (Munich manuscript בני בר מריון). Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 30ᵈ top of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ top ביריי רבתא (a border-town); (see, however, Hildesh. Sachs, Beitrage z. Geogr. p. 21).—b) B. or Be-B. in Babylon, native place of Ulla, R. Dostai, a. other Avodah Zarah 40ᵃ. Eruvin 56ᵃ מולייתא דבי ב׳ וכ׳ the ascents between Berai a. Narash. Sotah 10ᵃ בי בארי. Eruvin 45ᵃ בירי. [Chullin 127ᵃ ביברי דנרש, read בי בירי ונרש.] ↗ original

בירבלין , read כּוֹרַבְלִין. ↗ original

בִּירָה cut off, surrounded, whence castle, fort. Bereshith Rabbah section 39; and frequently a group of buildings forming one residence. Bava Bathra 61ᵇ בית בב׳ גדולה a house in a large residence (court). Betzah 25ᵃ בטפיחין ובב׳; (the same place (ibid.) 24ᵃ בט׳ בבירות); see טפיח I, 2. (= בית הבחירה, I Chronicles 29, 1; 19) the chosen Divine residence, Temple. Zevachim 119ᵃ והא בעי ב׳ does it not require a chosen residence (Deuteronomy 12, 18)? Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 2, 35ᵃ top כל הר וכ׳ the whole Temple mount is named Birah; Pesikta Rabbati section 14. Zevachim 12, 5 (104ᵇ) בבית הב׳; see the same place (ibid.) ad loc. (on the passage)—Yoma 9ᵇ עידיכם הב׳ your witness is the Second Temple (which has not been rebuilt; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 38ᶜ bottom of the page הבחירה). Eduy. 7, 3 בִּירַת הפליא (Munich manuscript הפליי׳) Fort Haflaya(?).—plural בִּירוֹת. Betzah 24ᵃ, see above. Zevachim 119ᵃ שלש ב׳ וכ׳ there are three Divine residences, Shiloh etc. Chaldaic בִּירְתָא.—Denom. בִּרְיוֹן. ↗ original

בירן , Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 30ᵈ top, read בֵּירַי, see בֵּירַאי ↗ original

בִּירוָון cypress trees; singular בְּרוֹתָא, see בְּרָתָא. ↗ original

בֵּירוּלִין (βηρύλλιον) beryll, a precious stone. Targum Job 28, 16. the same place (ibid.) 18 (some edition בִּירוּצִין which see, manuscript variant reading פִּירוּצִין). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 28, 19 בירזלין (correct accordingly). 5. בִּירְלָא. ↗ original

בִּירוֹס (birrus, βίρρος) birrus, a travelling cloak, see בִּרְסִין. Tosefta Megillah 4 (3), 30 כידום, כידוס (correct accordingly). ↗ original

בֵּירוּץ (ברץ) heaping, crowding. plural בֵּירוּצִים, בֵּירוּצִין, בֵּר׳. Menachoth 88ᵃ ב׳ or בֵּירוּצֵי המדות the quantities which remain, when filling from a brimful measure into smaller ones. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 4, 48ᵃ bottom of the page לב׳ goes to the collection of etc. the same place (ibid.) בירוצי לח the remnants of the overflow of liquids, ב׳יבש those of dry things emptied over. ↗ original

בֵּירוּר (ברר) clearness, correct sense. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 658 ב׳ של הלכה (compare בּוֹרִי) the true sense of the law. plural בֵּירוּרִין, בֵּר׳ arbitration. Bava Metzia 1, 8, and elsewhere שטרי ב׳ documents referring to the choice of arbiters, see קוֹמְפְּרוֹמִיסִין; [anoth. opinion the same place (ibid.) 20ᵃ שטרי טענתא records of evidences, minutes of court proceedings]. בֵּרוּרֵי המדות exact account of wine measures, whence, the surplus in the shopkeeper’s wine account arising from measuring quickly and not allowing the wine to settle in the measures. Betzah 3, 8 (29ᵃ) edition (properly omitted in Munich manuscript, see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage); variant reading in Rashi manuscript בֵּרוּצֵי). the same place (ibid.) 29ᵃ three hundred gereb (see גרב) of wine מב׳ המ׳ from the surplus found in his account. ↗ original

בירזלין , see בֵּירוּלִין ↗ original

בֵּירַי , see בֵּירַאי—[בירי, Chullin 139ᵇ, see כִּירִי I.] ↗ original

בִּירְיָא 1 see בִּרְיְתָא a. בִּירְיָה. ↗ original

בִּירְיָא 2 (βίῤῥια, plural of βίῤῥιον) birrus, a kind of cloak, see בִּרְסִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵈ top quoted in Rabbenu Shimshon to Kilayim 9, 7 (edition בריה, correct accordingly). ↗ original

ביריאתא , see בְּרִירוּתָא ↗ original

בִּירְיָה creature, see בִּרְיָה. ↗ original

בִּירְיוֹן palace-guard, see בִּרְ׳. ↗ original

בֵּירַיי , see בֵּירַאי ↗ original

בִּירְיִי Biryi, an Amora. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 10, 47ᵇ bottom of the page (Chullin 98ᵃ ביריים). Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 2, end, 29ᶜ (Asheri to Pesachim I1, section 13, quotes פדאי). ↗ original

בֵּירָיָיה , see בֵּירָאָה ↗ original

בִּירְיָים , see בִּירְיִי ↗ original

בירייתכון , Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, 20ᵃ top, read בּוֹרְיֵיכוֹן, see בָּרְיָיא ↗ original

בֵּירֵישָׁא Beresha (probably Baris), in the territory of Ruben. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 32, 37 (Hebrew text קריתים). ↗ original

בֵּירִית (בָּרָה, compare בְּרִית) something cut out; ring, hoop. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 5, 7 כל הבורית טהורה בֵּרִית מחרישה טמאה edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בירית, בורות) every thing cut in circular form is clean (not susceptible of levitical uncleanness), except the hoop of the plough (compare חתיכה ibid.).—Esp. knee-band, garter. Shabbath 6, 4. the same place (ibid.) 63ᵇ ב׳ of the Mishnah is the Biblical אצעדה. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 8ᵇ בי׳ כל שהיא וכ׳ it is called birith when single, k’balim, when the two bands are coupled with a chain. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) בו׳, other edition בֵּרִית. Cmp. Assyr. birîtu chain, Schrader KAT 542.] ↗ original

בִּירְכָא , see בִּרְכָא, בִּרְכְּתָא. ↗ original

בִּירְכָּא knee, shoot, see בֶּרֶךְ. ↗ original

בִּירְלָא (βήρυλλος) beryll, a precious stone, probably the Chrysoberyll or yellow emerald (Hebrew שֹׁהַם). Targum Onkelos Exodus 28, 9; 20; and elsewhere—Targum Song of Songs 5, 14 (some edition בִּרְלָא).—plural בּוּרְלִין. Targum Esther 1, 4.—5. בֵּירוּלִין.—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 39, 13 בּוּרְלַת חַלָּא sand-colored beryll. the same place (ibid.) (1) 28, 20 ובירליות חלא, probably to be read בירולין דחלא; the same place (ibid.) (2) בדולחא (correct accordingly). [Shemoth Rabbah section 38, end פראלוקין, probably a corruption of our word, compare 70]. ↗ original

בִּירָם Biram, also called Beth Baltin. Rosh Hashanah 23ᵃ; 23ᵇ, a signal station for announcing the New Moon (betw. Syria and Mesopotamia, Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 354). Kiddushin 72ᵃ.—Sanhedrin 108ᵃ ועינא רבתי דב׳ Munich manuscript (edition ועיניה, correct accordingly) the Great (hot) Spring of B.; see Hildesh. Sachs, Beitrage z. Geogr. p. 29, note 206. ↗ original

בִּירְנִין , see בִּירַנְתָּא ↗ original

בִּירָנִית castle, palace. Pesachim 118ᵇ (Munich manuscript 2 בירה).—plural בִּירָנִיֹּות Ibid. (description of Rome; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) for variant reading Lect.). (compare בִּרְיוֹן) a palace-woman, court-lady. — plural as above. Vayikra Rabbah section 19 הושיב ב׳ וכ׳ (Yalkut Shimoni Kings 249 נשים ב׳) he placed court ladies in Jerusalem (forced them to leave home and serve at the palace); מהו ב׳ what is meant by (why are they named) biraniyoth? ביירן ציידן וכ׳ (not ציירן), he laid a trap for them, he caught them (ensnared them). ↗ original

בִּירַנְתָּא 1). Targum Esther 1, 2 (Hebrew text הבירה); and frequently—plural בִּירְנָיָתָא, בִּרְ׳; construct state בִּירְנְיָת. Targum Psalms 48, 4 (Hebrew text ארמון). Targum Amos 3, 9 באשדור בִּרְנְיָת (!).—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 25, 29 בִּירְנִין masc. (some edition בּוּרְנִין) fortified places ↗ original

בִּירְצָא (ברץ) brim. plural בִּירְצַיָּיא. Avodah Zarah 74ᵇ וחתים להו אבִּירְצַיְיהוּ (some edition אבּוּרְ׳) and sealed the kegs on their brims. [Gittin 69ᵇ בירצא, some edition, see כַּרְצָא.] ↗ original

בִּירְקָא Birka, in Babylon. Kiddushin 72ᵃ, see בִּירְתָא. ↗ original

בירקא , Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ פתילתא ב׳, see בַּרְקָא 2, 2. ↗ original

בֵּירְתָא well, see בֵּיר. ↗ original

בִּירְתָא Ezra 6, 2. Targum 2 Esther 9, 6, see בִּירַנְתָּא; and elsewhere—Freq. as proper noun of a place Fort. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ top בִּירַת מלכא וכ׳ the royal fort of Bethlehem; (Echah Rabbah to 1, 16, end בירת ערבא). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shim. p. 117ᵃ; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 263 כד תימוט בירה ב׳ שמה (read בירתא) when a capital declines, it is still called the Capital.—Sotah 38ᵇ (דשיחורי) ב׳ דשחורי the Fort of Shiḥori. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ בירת סיריקה (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 31ᵃ בירת סריקא (not בירא; Munich manuscript ב׳ סירקי׳) Fort Sirikah in Samaria. Kiddushin 72ᵃ ב׳ דסטיא; the same place (ibid.) ב׳ דנדה manuscript Oxf. (edition only בִּירְקָא) opprobrious by-names of Babylonian places (see Graetz Messene, in Progr. of Bresl. Jew. Semin. 1879); and frequently [Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵃ bottom of the page ב׳ דחרובתא, see כְּוַורְתָּא.]—[plural בִּירָתָא (?). Targum Proverbs 1, 21, probably to be read בִּירְיָתָא streets, see Nöld. Mand. Gr. p. 17.] ↗ original

בִּירְתִין masculine plural, see בְּרָתָא ↗ original

בִּירְתִית (see preceding article) of Birtha. — plural בִּירְתִיּזֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 3, 30ᵃ, see קוּבְטָיוֹת. ↗ original

בִּישׁ 1 (see באיש) bad, wrong (of persons and deeds); also ill, sick. Targum Genesis 6, 5; and very frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 22 (proverb) טב לב׳ וכ׳ when thou hast done good to a bad man, thou hast done evil (to thyself). Bava Kamma 115ᵃ חנן בישא Ḥanan, the bad man.—Bava Metzia 75ᵇ bottom of the page דב׳ ליה וכ׳ he who fares badly in one place; and frequently—plural בִּישִׁין, בִּישַׁיָּא, בִּישַׁיָּיא. Targum Genesis 13, 13; and very frequently—בִּישַׁיָּיא frequently the sick. Koheleth Rabbah to 4, 6 ומפלגא לב׳ and distributes (the apples) among the sick.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, 60ᶜ bottom of the page מבקרא ביש׳ (not בייש׳) to visit the sick.—Fem. בִּישָׁא, בִּישְׁתָּא (adjective) bad; (noun) evil, wickedness, illness. Targum Genesis 37, 20; and frequently—the same place (ibid.) 6, 5, and frequently בִּישַׁת construct state—Shabbath 129ᵃ ב׳ מי וכ׳ can bad be good? Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 14, 14ᶜ bottom of the page טב לבישתא וכ׳ (vinegar is) good for a sore, but bad for a sound tooth. Vayikra Rabbah section 33, beginning, from it (the tongue) comes the good ומינה ב׳ and from it the evil; and frequently—plural בִּישָׁתָא, בִּישָׁאתָא, בִּישָׁן.—Targum Genesis 28, 8 (edition Vienna edition O. בישא, correct accordingly); and frequently—Sanhedrin 7ᵃ happy is he who hears (himself insulted) and keeps silence חלפוה בישתיה מאה (corrupted חלפוהו בישתא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 7) a hundred evils pass by him (he escapes etc.); and frequently ↗ original

בִּישׁ 2 K’far Bish, probably Capharabis in upper Idumæa. Echah Rabbah to 2, 2; Gittin 57ᵃ ↗ original

בִּישׁוּ (בִּישׁ 1) bad quality. Targum Jeremiah 24, 2; and elsewhere wickedness, evil. Targum Onkelos Genesis 31, 52; and frequently—Shabbath 156ᵃ חדא לב׳ one quality on the bad side; כולי לב׳ all bad. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 בישו עבדית וכ׳ (רבתי) (not בישי) have I done wrong that I etc.? Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Zakhor p. 24ᵇ [read twice:] למיגזי לבישא בִּישׁוּתֵיה; (Tanchuma Ki Thetse 6 בִּישְׁתֵּיה, edition Buber edition the same place (ibid.) בישותיה) to repay the bad man his badness. Bava Kamma 115ᵃ מפורסם לב׳ notorious for vice.—Menachoth 52ᵃ מבישותין וכ׳ of our shortcomings they speak to them. Avodah Zarah 65ᵃ עינא … ב׳ the eye which desires to see your misfortune. Kethuboth 25ᵇ; Makkoth 5ᵇ הדר הזייה לר׳ א׳ בישות he turned around and looked at R. E. with displeasure; Pesachim 53ᵇ חזא ביה … ב׳ (Munich manuscript 2 a. Oxf. בבישות, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 400).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᶜ bottom of the page ומדינתא אזלא בבאישות and the city perishes in wickedness (by pestilence). ↗ original

בִּישּׁוּל , see בִּשּׁוּ׳ ↗ original

בִּישׁוּת , see בִּישׁוּ ↗ original

בִּישֵּׂם , see בָּשַׂם,.—Pesikta Rabbati section 21, read בִּיסֵּס, see בָּסַס. ↗ original

בֵּישָׁן (contracted of בית שאן, see שְׁאָן) Beshan (Scythopolis), in Galilee. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 10, 12ᶜ top דרייא דב׳ the dwelling houses of B.—Pesachim 50ᵇ בני ביישן (manuscript Oxf. בישן, Munich manuscript מישן). ↗ original

בֵּישָׁנִי (see the preceding) inhabitant or native of Beshan. Megillah 24ᵇ (edition בשיני, Munich manuscript בשני, correct accordingly).—plural בֵּישָׁנִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᵈ bottom of the page; (Megillah the passage cited אנשי בית שאן).—Chaldaic בַּיישַׁנָאֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, beginning 73ᵈ beshani, name of a species of olives. Peah 7, 1 an olive called ב׳ … (Munich manuscript ביי׳) beshani. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 20ᵃ top אית דבעי מימר ב׳ ממש וכ׳ some would say, it means really a beshani (named after Beshan), others would derive its name from the fact (see בּוֹשׁ) that it shames its neighbor (trees by its richness). [Oth. opinion a dry olive, not used for manufacturing oil.] ↗ original

בִּישְׂרָא , see בִּשְׂרָא ↗ original

בִּישְׂרָנָא (see the preceding) fleshy, stout. — plural בִּישְׂרָנֵי. Kethuboth 61ᵃ ↗ original

בִּישְׁתָּא , see בִּישׁ I fem., a. בִּישׁוּ. ↗ original

בי"ת Beth, the second letter of the Alphabeth. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 16, 15ᶜ top; and frequently; see אל"ף.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, 38ᵃ bottom of the page בי"ת תרי וכ׳ the Beth (in ביצחק Genesis 21, 12) intimates two, a son that is destined to inherit two worlds. Vayikra Rabbah section 19 אם אתה עושה ב׳ כ"ף if thou changest the Beth into a Kaf; and frequently—plural בֵּיתִין. Shabbath 103ᵇ one must not write … בי׳ כפין (Munich manuscript בָּתִּין) the Beths so as to be taken for Kafs.—Chaldaic (Aramaic) בי"תא. Shir HaShirim Rabbah beginning; and frequently [Shekalim 3, 2 Mishnah edition ביתא, read בֵּיטָא.] ↗ original

בִּית , inf. בּוּת (sec. root or radix of בוא) to go in, lodge, pass the night. Daniel 6, 19. Targum Genesis 32, 22; and frequently—Pesachim 107ᵃ בת טוות (Daniel the passage cited) he went to bed without tasting food. Sanhedrin 95ᵃ (proverb) בת דינא וכ׳ if punishment is procrastinated, punishment is gone. Taanith 24ᵇ ביתו כולי וכ׳ go ye all to bed fasting. Pesachim 42ᵃ מיא דביתו (Chaldaic (Aramaic) transl. of the ambiguous מים שֶׁלָּנוּ) water kept in vessels over night. Berachoth 60ᵇ בת בדברא he slept in the open field. Sanhedrin 63ᵇ.—the same place (ibid.) 109ᵃ top בעי למֵיבַת he wanted to stay over night; and elsewhere—participle בָּאֵית. Targum Isaiah 58, 5. Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּיֵּית same. Eruvin 73ᵃ (opposite to taking meals). Af'el הִפְעִיל אָבִית to keep over night, postpone burial. Sanhedrin 47ᵃ מֵבִית ליה למת dare one postpone the burial of the dead? ↗ original

בַּיִת compare the preceding; see Ges. H. Dictionary under the word as to various etymological attempts), construct state בֵּית, plural בָּתִּים. house, household, home. Yoma 11ᵇ ב׳ מיוחד לדירה bayith means a building intended for a dwelling. the same place (ibid.) מי שמייחד ביתו לו (variant reading see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) he who devotes his house (its contents) to himself exclusively (unaccommodating); Arachin 16ᵃ מי שמיוחד וכ׳.—בעל הב׳ (abbreviated or abbreviation בע"ה) owner, landlord; host; private man, opposite to trader, artisan etc. Berachoth 46ᵃ בע"ה בוצע וכ׳ the host breaks the bread, and the guest says the blessing. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 14 של בע"ה home-made (bread), opposite גלוסקין; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 10ᵇ bottom of the page—Shabbath 1, 1 בע"ה the donor, opposite עני the recipient. Bereshith Rabbah section 22; and very frequently—בן ב׳ inmate, attendant. Avoth 1, 5; and frequently—פסול הב׳ the degraded (slave) of the house. Bereshith Rabbah section 70. Esp. (הַ)בַּ׳ the Temple. בפני הב׳ in days when the Temple exists, שלא בפני הב׳ when it does not exist. Chullin 5, 1; and frequently—ב׳ שני or ב׳ אחרון the Second Temple. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 9; and frequently—הר הב׳ Temple Mount, see הַר. school, college, (collect.) disciples; בֵּית הלל Hillelites etc. Betzah 1, 1; and frequently Treatise Sof’rim 4, 1 של ב׳ וכ׳ those of the house of etc. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, 33ᵈ bottom of the page, and elsewhere דבית … ר׳, usually דבי, see בֵּי]. body. Berachoth 44ᵇ אוי לו לב׳ וכ׳ that human body (Rashi: stomach) is to be pitied where vegetables are a constant guest (being the only food). wife. Yoma 1, 1 ביתו זו וכ׳ ‘his house’—that means his wife. the same place (ibid.) 13ᵃ והך לאו ביתו היא but this one (designated for him in case of his wife’s death) cannot be called ‘his house’. Shabbath 118ᵇ; and frequently Euphem. pudenda; marital intercourse. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 9, 12ᵃ top; Mikvaoth 8, 4 שמשה את בֵּיתָהּ she had intercourse. the same place (ibid.) כבדה את הב׳ she washed etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 16ᶜ bottom of the page אסורה לביתה is forbidden to her husband. Niddah 5ᵃ מהומת לביתה she hastens to perform her marital duty. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, beginning 48ᵈ. Cmp. חֶדֶר. store-house, store-room. בֵּית העצים wood-room; ב׳ התבן straw-magazine; ב׳ הבקר stable; etc. Yoma 11ᵃ; and frequently (geogr.) place, town, in compounds (for which see the respective determinants), e.g. ב׳ בוקיא Beth-Bukya etc. (anat.) limb, organ, in compounds (see above 8)), e.g. ב׳ הבליעה œsophagus, etc. shed for plants, covering. Shevi'ith 2, 4 (plural). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 33ᵈ.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ.—1 receptacle, cover etc., e.g. ב׳ הדיו inkstand. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 4, 11; ב׳ יד sleeve, see אוּנְקְלַי 2, etc.—Menachoth 34ᵇ, and elsewhere cases of the T’fillin Chief compounds:. בֵּית אָב , plural בָּתֵּי אָבוֹת paternal home, family. Sanhedrin 38ᵃ שני ב׳ א׳ two families (dynasties); and frequently—Tosefta Terumoth 2, 11 בתי אבות = אריסי ב׳ א׳ hereditary land-tenants; Bava Bathra 46ᵇ priest’s division. Taanith 2, 6; and frequently; see אֱנוֹשׁ plural origin of a law, rule etc.; compare אָב 2. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 4 ב׳ א׳ של הלכה the origin (principle) of a legal rule. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 104, 29 wherever the root רעש is used, it means cessation of government, ואיזהו ב׳ א׳ שלהם וכ׳ and where is the origin (determining the meaning) of all of them? (Answ. Jeremiah 51, 29). Vayikra Rabbah section 1, beginning מב׳ א׳ שלהן וכ׳ from the chief passage (Haggai, Book of 1, 13 ‘Haggai, the messenger’ etc.) we learn that prophets are called messengers (or angels).—בֵּית דִּין (abbr. ב"ד) court.—ב"ד של שבעים ואחד or ב"ד הגדול the Great Sanedrin of seventy one members. Sanhedrin 1, 5. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 19ᵃ bottom of the page; and frequently—ב"ד נוטה court of an odd number of judges. ב"ד שקול of an even number of judges. Sanhedrin 3ᵇ.—ב"ד שריא a permitting court, opprobrious name of a court too lax in religious affairs. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 7, 48ᵈ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 3, 50ᵈ bottom of the page—[For all other compounds not self-evident, see respective determinants.] [בית תר, see בִּיתֵּר.—Bereshith Rabbah section 12 בית שלו, בית של עולם, see בִּיָּא.] ↗ original

בֵּיתָא 1 same. Targum Exodus 12, 3; and very frequently—Megillah 16ᵃ ווי מב׳ וכ׳ woe inside, woe outside! Bereshith Rabbah section 32 ההוא ב׳ קלקלתא that house which is a ruin (a Samaritan’s designation of the Jerusalem Temple). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 18ᶜ ההן ב׳ דלרע that house down there (Rabbi’s college); Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 2, 58ᵃ bottom of the page והן בייתא.—Yevamoth 109ᵇ דבייתיה כי בייתיה דמי for his (the trustee’s) house is like his (the neighbor’s) own house (he is familiar with the interior); and frequently—Pi'el בָּתִּין, בָּתַּיָּא, בָּתֵּי. Targum Exodus 1, 21; and very frequently—Bava Bathra 61ᵇ and the following the same place (ibid.) 67ᵃ, see דַּרְתָּא.—Berachoth 6ᵃ the case of T’fillin, see the preceding [Playful etymol. בׄוא איׄתׄיב בה. Shabbath 77ᵇ.] night-lodging. Gittin 57ᵃ לא יהבי ב׳ לאושפיזא they would not designate a house as a lodging for strangers (Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 דלא הות מקבלא אכסניא). ↗ original

בֵּיתָא 2 (= Hebrew בַּת) bath, a measure. Targum Isaiah 5, 10. Targum Ezek. 45, 11; and elsewhere—plural בַּתִּין, בֵּיתִין. the same place (ibid.) 14. Targum I Kings 7, 26. ↗ original

בַּיְתָא night-bird, see בָּאוָת. ↗ original

בי"תא , see בי"ת ↗ original

בַּיְתוֹס (Βοηθός) Boëthus; the founder of a sect similar to that of the Sadducees, named בַּיְיתוֹסִין Boëthusians. Avoth d’R. Nath. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 5. father of one Martha or Miriam, a rich woman in the days of the siege of Jerusalem by Titus. Gittin 56ᵃ. Echah Rabbah to 1, 16 מרים; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 5, 30ᵇ bottom of the page מרתא. B. ben Zonin. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 5, 10ᵇ top; and frequently R. B.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 6, 23ᶜ bottom of the page ↗ original

בַּיְתוּסִי Boëthusian, see the preceding Shabbath 108ᵃ שאל ב׳ אחד (Massekheth Sof. 1, 2 שאל אחד, correct accordingly) a Boëthusian asked. Tosefta Yoma 1, 8 (Yoma 19ᵇ צדוקי).—plural בַּיְתוֹסִים, בַּיְתוֹסִין, בַּיי׳. Menachoth 10, 3. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 1, 39ᵃ bottom of the page מפני הב׳ (for which the same place (ibid.) a. Babylonian Yoma the passage cited הצדוקים); Tosefta the passage cited [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition pr. בית סי, בית סין, read as one word, like Tosefta the passage cited variant reading] ↗ original

ביתור , see בִּיתֵּר ↗ original

בית־יוני , see הִינִי 3). ↗ original

בִּיתוּתָא (בית) dwelling. Targum Job 30, 23 manuscript (variant reading a. edition בית קבורתא). ↗ original

ביתיס , Tosefta Yoma 1, 18, variant reading for בַּיְתוֹסִי. ↗ original

בִּיתֵּר (probably a contracted of בית תרעא) Bithter (Βιθθηρά), known as Bettar, a town in Southern Palestine, renowned as the centre of the Bar-Kokhba revolution against Hadrian. [As to its situation, see Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 130; Graetz Gesch. der Judges 4, 168). Gittin 57ᵃ כרך ב׳ the Fortress of B.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵃ top of the page Echah Rabbah to 2, 2; 4, 18; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᵈ, and frequently הרוגי ב׳ those killed in the Bar-Kokhba revolution (whom Hadrian would not allow to be buried). Challah 4, 10 (11) (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition ביתור; edition Nap. בייתר, Venice ביתיר) mentioned as a place not belonging to Palestine proper. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 17 בית תר. ↗ original

בְּכָא , see בכי ↗ original

בכוליאר , Yoma 25ᵃ, see כּוֹכְלְיָיס ↗ original

בְּכוֹר first-born (opposite פשוט, a plain, unprivileged son); also of animals. Bava Bathra 126ᵃ ב׳ ופשוט; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 10, beginning 37ᵇ הוה ב׳ והוה אכיל was a first-born and yet did not fast (on the eve of Passover).—Yevamoth 16ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 3ᵃ bottom of the page ב׳ שטן (play on קטן) the first in obstinate dispute.—Bereshith Rabbah section 91 (referring to Genesis 42, 37) הרי זה ב׳ שוטה וכ׳ is this a foolish first-born son! are thy children not my children? [ב׳ שוטה a first-born son by his mother, see בּוּכְרָא I.]—Bechoroth 8, 1, and frequently ב׳ לנחלה a first-born with the privileges of a double share of inheritance (Deuteronomy 21, 15 and the following), ב׳ לכהן one who must be redeemed from the priest (Exodus 13, 2). the same place (ibid.) 4, 4 ראה את הב׳ examined the first-born animal (and declared it defective); and frequently—plural בְּכוֹרִים, בְּכוֹרוֹת. Shemoth Rabbah section 18 בְּכוֹרֵי מצרים the first-born of Egyptian cattle; the same place (ibid.) מכת בכורות the plague of the first-born in Egypt; Bamidbar Rabbah section 4; and frequently—Bechoroth 4, 5 he who receives payment להיות רואה ב׳ for examining first-born animals (as to bodily defects, see above); and frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 3, beginning 47ᵇ הבכו׳, read הבַּכִּירוֹת.] Chaldaic בּוּכְרָא. ↗ original

בִּכּוּרָא (= next word) early fig. Targum Hosea 9, 10. Targum Isaiah 28, 4.—plural בִּכּוּרִין, בִּכּוּרַיָּא masculine first fruits. Targum Leviticus 2, 14; and elsewhere ↗ original

בִּכּוּרָה early fruit, especially fig. plural בִּכּוּרוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 22 היה אוכל הב׳ וכ׳ ate the early fruits himself and offered the late to the king. Sanhedrin 91ᵇ; Vayikra Rabbah section 4 ב׳ נאות fine early figs. Terumoth 4, 6 בב׳ at the time of early ripening.—2) plural בִּכּוּרִים masculine (Biblical Hebrew) first fruits (to be offered), (supply (understood word) מנחת) offering of first fruits. Bikkurim 1, 1; and frequently—Biccurim, name of a treatise of the Mishnah, belonging to the order of Seeds (זרעים). ↗ original

בְּכוֹרָה first-born. plural בְּכוֹרוֹת. Shemoth Rabbah section 18 הנקבות הב׳ the first-born females (in Egypt). first birth, birth-right. Bava Bathra 123ᵃ נטל ב׳ מראובן וכ׳ took the birth-right from Reuben and gave it to Joseph. the same place (ibid.) ראויה היתה ב׳ וכ׳ the first birth (of Jacob’s children) was destined to issue from Rachel. the same place (ibid.) 124ᵃ חלק ב׳ the share of the first-born; and frequently the law appertaining to first-born animals, see בְּכוֹר.—Bechoroth 1, 1 חייב בב׳ is subject to the law etc., פטור מן הב׳ is exempt from etc.; and very frequently—plural בְּכוֹרוֹת, see above a. בְּכוֹר.—B’khoroth (Bechoroth), name of a Talmudic treatise, belonging to the order of Kodashim (קדשים). ↗ original

בְּכוֹרוּתָא , birth-right. Targum Onkelos Genesis 25, 31 and the following; see בְּכֵירוּתָא. ↗ original

בָּכוּתָא , see בְּכִיתָא ↗ original

בכי √בך to break through, split, see Ges. H. Dictionary under the word; see בכר) to weep. Chullin 7ᵇ; and frequently Oholoth 18, 4 שדה בּוֹכִין weepers’ field, a place where the funeral cortege disperses; see Moed Katan 5ᵇ שדה שמפטירין בה מתים (Munich manuscript שמפסידין) where the funeral addresses are held. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּכָּה to cause to weep, make cry. Echah Rabbah to 1, 2 (referring to בכה תבכה) בוכה ומְבַכָּה מה"ש עמה she cries and makes the angels cry with her. Shemoth Rabbah section 1 היו מְבַכִּין אותו they made it (the Egyptian child) cry. to mourn, lament (Ezek. 8, 14). Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 2, 8 מְבַכּוֹת מיתיהן lament their dead. ↗ original

בכי ² , also (active see) to lament. Targum Genesis 23, 2; and frequently—participle בָּכֵי. Berachoth 5ᵇ לההוא שופרא … קא בכינא I cry over that beauty that it should rot in the ground. the same place (ibid.) אמאי קבכית why criest thou? the same place (ibid.) דהוה קא בכי (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) that he was crying. Echah Rabbah to 1, 17 בָּכְיָה סלקא בָּכְיָה נחתא weeping she (Israel) goes up (to the ruins of Jerusalem), weeping she goes down. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 2, 39ᵈ top שרון … בָּכְיִין all the people began to cry.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 1, 76ᶜ bottom of the page בכי בעיינוי blear-eyed.—Taanith 5ᵇ וכי בכדי בכו בָּכַיָּיא Munich manuscript (edition ספדו) is it for naught the weepers wept? Bereshith Rabbah section 68, see next word; and frequently ↗ original

בְּכִי 1 the preceding) weeping. Bereshith Rabbah section 68; Vayikra Rabbah section 8, and elsewhere (playing on בכושרות, Psalms 68, 7) ב׳ ושירות weeping and songs, מאן דבעי אומר וכ׳ he who loves (his wife) sings, he who does not, weeps; Sanhedrin 22ᵃ ↗ original

בְּכִי I ² Targum 2, Samuel 13, 36; see בְּכִיתָא ↗ original

בְּכִי 2 Baalbek (En-Bekhi, later Heliopolis), an ancient city of Syria, renowned for its temples and bazaars (יריד). Avodah Zarah 11ᵇ יריד שבעין ב׳ the bazaar at En B. (with its idolatrous rites). Maasroth 5, 8 שום ב׳ ב׳ Baalbek garlic. ↗ original

בְּכָי בָּכָא?) a species of pears, probably the pyrum Syrium of the Romans (compare 70 a. Vulg. I Chronicles 14, 15). . Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵃ ↗ original

בִּכְיָא feminine = בְּכִי. Targum Isaiah 38, 3; and elsewhere ↗ original

בַּכְיָא (בכי) weeper, wailer. plural בָּכַיָּיא. Taanith 5ᵇ, see בכי Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

בְּכִיָּה , feminine = בְּכִי I. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᵈ top בכיי׳ של תפלות; Babylonian Taanith 29ᵃ בכי של חנם weeping for no cause. Gittin 58ᵃ, and frequently געו בב׳ they sobbed loudly. ↗ original

בִּכְיוּתָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 35, 8; (2 the same place (ibid.) בְּכוּתָא), see בְּכִיתָא ↗ original

בְּכִייָּה , see בְּכִיָּה ↗ original

*בַּכְיָין (the preceding words) weeper. Targum Esther 2, 21 (Esther Rabbah the same place (ibid.) בַּרְבָּרִי). ↗ original

בְּכֵין then, see כֵּן. ↗ original

בַּכִּיר a Chaldaic (Aramaic) (Biblical Hebrew בַּכֻּרָה; בכר) early, first-ripening, opposite לקיש or אפיל. Sanhedrin 18ᵇ אם ב׳ ולקיש וכ׳ when the early and the late seeds blossom simultaneously etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 18ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 58ᵇ bottom of the page (correct accordingly). Bereshith Rabbah section 61; Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 6 (referring to Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) the same place (ibid.)) אם זרעת בב׳ if thou hast sown in the early season. the same place (ibid.) הב׳ the early seed. the same place (ibid.) to 7, 26 לקיש לסטים ב׳ וכ׳ (read ללס׳) the latest of the robbers is the first to be hanged.—Fem. Hebrew בַּכִּירָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᵃ bottom of the page הב׳ וכ׳ the early rain sets in on the third (of Marḥeshvan), see בֵּינוֹנִי. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, 19ᵃ top תאינה ב׳, see בִּכּוּרָה.]—plural בַּכִּירוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 1, beginning 21ᶜ (Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 3 בִּכּוּרוֹת). Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 56ᵈ top אלו הב׳ those are the early-bearing sheep; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 3, beginning 47ᵇ הבכורות, correct accordingly). ↗ original

בְּכֵירוּתָא feminine Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew בְּכוֹרָה 2). Targum Genesis 25, 31 (edition Berlin edition בְּכוֹ׳); and frequently—Berachoth 7ᵇ זבנה לבכירותֵיה (not זבניה) he (Esaw) sold his birthright; the same place (ibid.) שקלו בכירותיה מיניה ויהביה ליוסף Munich manuscript (read ויהבוה; edition incorr.) his (Reuben’s) birthright was taken from him and given to Joseph (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Sotah 13ᵃ נהי דזביני לבכירותי וכ׳ though I sold my birthright, have I ever sold my plain heir’s right? ↗ original

בְּכִיתָא (= Hebrew בָּכוּת, בָּכִית) weeping, mourning. Targum Genesis 50, 4. Targum Deuteronomy 34, 8 (Yerushalmi (prefix) בכותא); and elsewhere—Bereshith Rabbah section 15, end, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (missing in edition); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Ronni p. 142ᵇ; see אַלְיָתָא. ↗ original

בכלוספין , see כְּלוּפְסִין ↗ original

בכנא , see בּוּכָנָא ↗ original

בָּכַר [to break forth,] to be early. [Kal probably not used.] Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיכֵּר to be early, produce first fruits. Tanchuma Vayḥi 14; Bereshith Rabbah section 99 מְבַכֶּרֶת (פירותיה) has early crops, opposite מלקשת, מאפלת. [the same place (ibid.) end מבכרין מפירותיהם read מכבדין, see כָּבַד.] to bear for the first time (of animals). Bechoroth 1, 3 and the following שלא בִיכְּרָה that never before had given birth; and frequently (neut. see) to be first in ripening. Bikkurim 3, 1 and sees תאנה שבִּכְּרָה a fig which is first ripe, אשכול שביכר a cluster of grapes which etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 49ᵃ top משיְבַכֵּר צמייא וכ׳, see צמייא. the same place (ibid.) משבִּיכֵּירוּ בנות שבע, see בְּרַת. the same place (ibid.) בִּיכֵּירוּ, משיְבַכְּרוּ (see בָּחַל as to spelling). (Biblical Hebrew) to recognize as first-born (בכור). Bava Bathra 130ᵃ and the following Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְכִּיר same. Bechoroth 3, 2 המַבְכִּירוֹת those animals which have given birth for the first time. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְבַּכֵּר tohasten. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 161 שהיא מִתְבַּכֶּרֶת בפירותיה, see above. ↗ original

בְּכַר —Pa. בַּכִּר to produce, mature. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 33, 14 דמְבַכְּרָא וכ׳ which his land produces. to recognize as first-born. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 21, 16. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְבַּכֵּר to be dedicated as the first-born. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 27, 26. ↗ original

בִּכְרָא , see בּוּכְרָא I, 2. ↗ original

בֻּכְרָא , see בּוּכְ׳ ↗ original

בְּכֵרוּתָא , see בְּכֵיר׳ ↗ original

בַּכַּרְיָא , see בּוּכַּרְיָא ↗ original

בַּל , see Ges. H. Dictionary under the word) not, frequ. used, in connection with a verb, in the sense of a prohibitive law. Eruvin 100ᵃ עובר על בל תגרע he transgresses the law which says ‘thou shalt not diminish therefrom’ (Deuteronomy 13, 1). Pesachim 3, 3 שמוזהרים עליו בבל יראה וכ׳ concerning which we are cautioned by the law prohibiting leavened things to be seen or to be found (Exodus 13, 7; 12, 19); and very frequently [Our word is also applied to Bible texts in which לֹא appears.] ↗ original

בֵּל Bel, the Babylonian deity. Avodah Zarah 11ᵇ בית ב׳ בבבל the temple of Bel in Babylon. ↗ original

*בָּל (contracted of בהל, compare בָּאלֵי) care, anxiety. Daniel 6, 15. ↗ original

בָּלָא , see בָּאלָא ↗ original

בַּלָּא destroyer, see בִּלְעָם. ↗ original

בְּלָא to be worn out, see בְּלֵי. ↗ original

בְּלֹא without, see לֹא, לָא. ↗ original

בְּלָאוֹת (of בְּלָי; בלי) outworn garments. Kethuboth 5, 8 מתכסה בבְלָאוֹתֵיהֶן וכ׳ she wears her winter clothes in their outworn condition in the summer. the same place (ibid.) 65ᵇ מותר ב׳ the entirely outworn clothes (= שחקים Mishnah the passage cited); and frequently—2) the woman’s right to claim compensation for the wear or ruin of the things which she brought along as her property (see מלוג, a. צאן ברזל). Yevamoth 10, 1 ולא ב׳ … nor can she claim compensation for used or spent property (but may take the things in what condition they are, see commentary or commentaries). Kethuboth 11, 6.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, 30ᵇ bottom of the page; 11, 34ᵃ bottom of the page, as in Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 11, 7 בליות.] ↗ original

בלאי , Nedarim 91ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), read with edition כְּלָאֵי. ↗ original

בְּלָאֵי those of (the family or town of) Bela, in Babylon, (probably a nickname). Kiddushin 70ᵇ; see טְלָאֵי. ↗ original

בְּלָאִים , see בְּלָאוֹת) fragments, rags. Sukkah 15ᵇ and the following בְּלָאֵי כלים torn pieces of garments. the same place (ibid.) 5, 3; and elsewhere—Chullin 107ᵇ בלאי חמתות fragments of wine bags.—Kelim 27, 5 בְּלוֹיֵי נפה וכ׳ (leather) pieces from a winnow or sieve. ↗ original

בְּלָאִין Targum Jeremiah 38, 11; and elsewhere ↗ original

בלארי , see בַּלְנְרִין ↗ original

בלבוטס , read בּוּלֶבְטֵס. ↗ original

בִּלְבֵּל (Pilp. of בלל or בול; compare בהל) to mix up; to disarrange, upset, disturb. Bechoroth 38ᵇ (explained תבלל, Leviticus 21, 20) דבר המבלבל וכ׳ something which disturbs the arrangement (of the white and the black) of the eye. Sanhedrin 108ᵃ עמד ובלבל את וכ׳ (variant reading ופזר) he upset the bridal canopy. Sotah 46ᵇ לא בִילְבְּלָהּ did not disturb the town (by pillaging, removing the inhabitants etc.). Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 4, end, 4ᶜ one struck him fatally ובא השני ובִילְבְּלוֹ and the other came and made him senseless (accelerating his death).—participle passive מְבוּלְבָּל, feminine מְבוּלְבֶּלֶת. Sukkah 22ᵃ סוכה מב׳ a festive booth the covering of which is disarranged, see דָּבַל. [Pesikta Rabbati section 4 נתבלבל, see כִּלְכֵּל.] ↗ original

בַּלְבֵּל Targum Onkelos Genesis 11, 9. Targum Isaiah 28, 28 ומְבַלְבֵּל and mixes up (the grain with the chaff, Hebrew text המם); and elsewhere—participle passive מְבַלְבַּל. Bechoroth 44ᵃ משום דמְבַלְבְּלָן because they (the white and the black of the eye) are mixed up, see the preceding—Denom. מְבַלְבְּלִיתָא mixture of white and black (Hebrew תְּבַלֻּל, see the preceding). Ibid. (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition pr. מברב׳). Ithpalp. אִיבַּלְבֵּל to be disturbed, mixed up. Chullin 26ᵇ מִיבַּלְבְּלֵי they (water and wine) mix well. Moed Katan 9ᵇ לִבַּלְבֵּל פתורם thy table (meals) be disturbed (by the noise of children). ↗ original

בלבסים , see לִבְסִים a. כְּלוּפְסִין. ↗ original

בלבקיא , see גְּלַבְקְיָא ↗ original

בִּלְגָּה , see בִּילְגָּה ↗ original

בַּלְדָּר (veredarius, βερεδάριος, with change of liquida) courier. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᶜ bottom of the page ביום ולילה נפק בלדרה וכ׳ could the courier go in one day and night from Jerusalem to Tyre? Bereshith Rabbah section 10. Bereshith Rabbah section 78; and elsewhere—plural בּוּלְּדָּרִין, בּוּלְדָּארִין. Esther Rabbah to 1, 8 הכתבים והב׳ (strike out either of the two, see Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shekalim p. 14ᵃ, Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 4). the same place (ibid.) ושלח בולדארין והחזיר וכ׳ and sent couriers (after them) and had the letters brought back. ↗ original

בַּלְדַּרְסִין (a corruption of Brundisii, Βρεντέσιον) Brundisium, a port in Calabria, Italy. Eruvin 4, 1 (41ᵃ); 43ᵃ Munich manuscript (edition פלנדרסין, variant reading פלנדסין, פרנדסין, פלנדיסין, פרדיסין; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) notes). Cmp. בַּרְדְּסִין. ↗ original

בָּלָה , see בלי ↗ original

בְּלוֹ a tax (compare Assyr. biltu, see Schrader KAT Glossary 2, under the word ובל). Ezra 4, 13; and elsewhere—Bava Bathra 8ᵃ explained capitation tax; Nedarim 62ᵇ. Bereshith Rabbah section 64; Esther Rabbah introduction, see פרובגירון. ↗ original

בָּלוּט (בלט) acorn, nut.—plural בְּלוּטִים, בְּלוּטִין. Menachoth 63ᵃ בְּלוּטֵי היונים Grecian nuts (nut-ben; see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Balanus). oak. plural as above. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 7, end, 31ᵈ; Bereshith Rabbah section 15, explained אַלֹּונִים (see next word) (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Porta) peg placed in the door-bars when quite home in the socket. Pesikta Rabbati section 6 if the gate-bars were wanting ב׳ אחד only one peg.—plural as above. Ibid. key-bit. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 8, 11ᵇ bottom of the page כלוט (correct accordingly); see חָף. ↗ original

בְּלוּט , oak. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 35, 8 (Hebrew text אַלֹּון); and elsewhere—plural בְּלוּטִין, בְּלוּטֵי.—Targum Ezek. 27, 6.—Rosh Hashanah 23ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בוטמי a. בלוטי transposed; see בּוּטְמָא); Bava Bathra 80ᵇ ↗ original

בְּלוֹיִים , see בְּלָאִים ↗ original

בָּלוּל (בלל) mixed up, see בָּלַל. cloudy. Bava Bathra 147ᵃ, see בָּרוּר. ↗ original

בלולין , see לוּל ↗ original

בְּלוֹנְיָא , see בִּלְיוֹנָא ↗ original

בלוניא , Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 10; Yalkut Shimoni Song of Songs 983 כלוניא, כלונייס, read כְּלִינְיָא, see לִינְיָא a. חָרַז. ↗ original

בלוסא , see בּוּלְסָא ↗ original

בלוספין , see כְּלוּפְסִין ↗ original

בְּלוּעָה (בלע, see בְּלִיעֵי) vortex, gulf. Sanhedrin 108ᵃ ב׳ דגדר (Oxford manuscript בְּלִיעָה דגדור, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 300) the gulf of G. ↗ original

בלופסין , see כְּלוּפְסִין ↗ original

בלורי , see בַּלְנְרִין ↗ original

בְּלוּרְיָא B’luria (Valeria). Rosh Hashanah 17ᵇ, a proselyte. Cmp. בְּרוּרְיָא. ↗ original

בְּלוּרִיֹּות , Bereshith Rabbah section 28; Yalkut Shimoni Zephaniah, Book of 566, see בְּלוּרִית ↗ original

*בלורין , read בַּלְנְרִין feminine (balnearia) bath-house. Bereshith Rabbah section 8; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 13 וראה ב׳ אחת מושלכ׳ saw a bath-house cast down.—[Avodah Zarah 18ᵇ, see בלרין.] ↗ original

בְּלוּרִית (בלר, √בל, see בלל) something twisted, whence chain, rope or wreath (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1, 532 בלורא = Hebrew מעשה מקשה, a. בלוריא vincula jugi).—plural בְּלוּרִיּוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 28; Yalkut Shimoni Zephaniah, Book of 566 ב׳ של זהב (Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited some edition בְּלֵרִיֹּות) thick gold chains (as translation of יתר, Job 22, 20). plait or locks, especially the long hair worn by the Roman and Greek youths of the upper classes and offered to the gods on arriving at puberty (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word κόμη). Avodah Zarah 1, 3 יום תגלחת זקנו ובלוריתוֹ the day of shaving his (the gentile’s) beard and cutting his locks (see Maimonides ad loc. (on the passage)). the same place (ibid.) 29ᵃ. Tosefta Shabbath 6 (7), 1. Devarim Rabbah section 2 העושה ב׳ וכ׳ he who grows a wig does so for none but an idolatrous purpose. Vayikra Rabbah section 23; and frequently—Sanhedrin 82ᵃ תפשה בבלוריתָהּ he seized her by her plait. ↗ original

בְּלוֹרִיתָא , woman’s plait. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 25, 6 (referring to Sanhedrin 82ᵃ, see the preceding). ↗ original

בְּלוּשָׁא (בלש) search, examination. Targum Psalms 64, 7. ↗ original

בָּלוֹשָׁא , see בַּלְשָׁא, בַּלֶּשֶׁת. ↗ original

בלזמיות , see בְּלוּזְמָא ↗ original

בִּלְחוֹד , see לְחוֹד ↗ original

בָּלַט (√בל, see בָּלַל; compare פלט, מלט, ולד; compare Assyr. בלט to live, Schrader KAT gloss. 1, 2) (neut. see) to stand forth, project; to be cut in relief, opposite שקע to sink, be engraven. Rosh Hashanah 24ᵇ טבעת שחותמה בֹּולֵט Munich manuscript (edition incorr.) a ring whose seal is cut in relief; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ bottom of the page Gittin 20ᵃ and the following Sotah 3, 4 עיניה בוֹלְטוֹת her eyes protruded; Bamidbar Rabbah section 9.—Yoma 54ᵃ דוחקין ובולטין pressing forth and protruding (from behind the curtain); and frequently (active see) to drive forth, beat. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 12, 13ᵈ בבולט מקום הכתב וכ׳ when he beats out the place of writing, opposite חוקק. ↗ original

בְּלַט participle passive בָּלִיט. Targum 2 Chronicles 5, 9. Chullin 45ᵇ בְּלִיטָן, the same place (ibid.) 76ᵃ בְּלִיטֵי protruding sinews, opposite בלועי sunk in the flesh, indistinguishable. ↗ original

בלטוורא , read בַּבֹּושָׁרוֹת. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 15 קיניגין מכללה ודיארטיה עתידים מן ב׳ דא דיחתו וייטורד זה שטיחם אחריהם, read, according to intimation in commentary or commentaries Mattnoth Khunnah, as follows: קיניגין ותייטרן הה"ד מוציא אסירים בכשרות ואח"כ התייטרון זה שנ׳ הבאים אחריהם בים (the passage through the Red Sea and the coming of the noble Egyptians afterwards was) like the order of the kynegion (the actors in the fights of the arena) and the theatron (the spectators), as it says (Psalms 68, 7), ‘He leadeth forth the captives with their outfits’, and then come the spectators, as we read (Exodus 14, 28), ‘who came after them into the Sea.’ ↗ original

בלי , Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, 38ᵃ top, see בריכסון.—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod. p. 107ᵇ, see כִּילִי. ↗ original

בלי ² , see בלל; compare נבל) to be crumbled; to be worn out, to fail, decay, perish. Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 4 הוא בוֹלֶה it (the generation of man) decays (dies out), אינה בוֹלָה it (the earth) does not grow old. Taanith 9ᵃ (play on עד בלי די Malachi 3, 10) עד שיִבְלוּ שפתותיכם מלומר די until your lips grow tired from saying, It is enough; (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 66ᵈ bottom of the page שיבללו, see בָּלַל); and frequently—participle passive בָּלוּי outworn. plural בְּלוּיִים. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 25, 1. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּלָּה to wear out, outlive, survive. Vayikra Rabbah section 4 הנפש מְבַלָּה וכ׳ the soul survives the body. Vayikra Rabbah section 19 (play on אין בלתך, I Samuel 2, 2) אין לְבַלֹּותֶךָ there is none to outlive thee. Koheleth Rabbah the passage cited; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 15 one erects a building ואחר מְבַלֶּה אותו (not מכלה) and another man ruins it. Sanhedrin 105ᵃ, see בִּלְעָם. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִבְלָה, , Nithpa. נִתְבַּלָּה to become outworn, fade away. Esther Rabbah introduction עתידין לְהִבָּלוֹת (Bereshith Rabbah section 42 לִבְלוֹת) are destined to decay. Devarim Rabbah section 7, end נִתְבַּלּוּ (the garments) were worn out. Bava Metzia 87ᵃ נ׳ הבשר her body was withered. Bava Bathra 146ᵃ עשויין לִיבָּלוֹת made to be used up. ↗ original

בְּלֵי 1 Targum Deuteronomy 8, 4; Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 29, 4 בלמו, variant reading כלמו, read בלת; and frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 19 כולו בלה all goes to ruin. Berachoth 5ᵇ, see בְּכָא. the same place (ibid.) 6ᵃ. Bechoroth 9ᵃ ובלו להו ואזול they failed and went to destruction. Avoth 5, 22 סיב ובְלֵה בה grow old and frail in it (the study of the Law).—[Targum Psalms 62, 11; 91, 2 manuscript, see כְּלִי I.] Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּלֵּי as the preceding Pi'el—Targum Isaiah 3, 15; and elsewhere—Avodah Zarah 20ᵃ that this beauty ב׳ עפרא dust will destroy.—participle passive feminine מְבַלְּיָא. Vayikra Rabbah section 33 (interpret. בלה נאפים Ezek. 23, 43) Aquila translates παλαιὰ πόρνη (old harlot), דהוא מבליא גייארא edition (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דהיא מב׳ גיירייא, Yalkut Shimoni Daniel 1061 only דהיא מבליא) which means, a wasted harlot (wasted through fornication). ↗ original

*בְּלֵי 2 construct state (the preceding, compare בְּלָאוֹת, בְּלוֹיִים) rotten pieces of (wood). Targum Isaiah 44, 19 (Hebrew text בּוּל, see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage); variant reading יִבְלֵי). ↗ original

בְּלִי see the preceding words) properly destruction, naught; not; see בְּלִימָה. Berachoth 44ᵇ מב׳ בשר if without meat. ↗ original

בליוטוס , see בּוּלֶבְטֵס ↗ original

*בִּלְיוֹנָא (בלי, formed like בזיונא) [destruction,] a cacophem. for idolatrous phylactery, amulet (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Amuletum). ב׳ דגושפנקא (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בילוניא) an amulet (stone) set in a ring. Gittin 57ᵃ עד דמתחזי ב׳ וכ׳ so that the stone of a ring could be distinguished (as to shape, legend etc.) at a distance of a mile (from the illuminated town). the same place (ibid.) 58ᵃ נקטי ב׳ וכ׳ (Yalkut Shimoni Lamentations 1242 כיליינא, כול׳) they took an amulet (believed to effect the begetting of healthy and handsome children). ↗ original

בְּלָיוֹת , see בְּלָאוֹת ↗ original

בְּלִיָּיתָא , see בְּלִיתָא ↗ original

בְּלִילָה (בלל, see בִּילָה) mixing, mixture. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 2, 53ᶜ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 5, 24ᵈ top אין ב׳ אלא וכ׳ b’lilah (an even distribution) applies only to wine or oil. Menachoth 3, 2 זו בְּלִילָתָהּ עבה וכ׳ the one forms a thick mixture (one Log of oil to one Issaron of flour), the other forms a loose mixture (three Log to one Issaron).—plural בְּלִילוֹת. Tosefta Demai 2, 7; Menachoth 18ᵇ; Chullin 132ᵇ הב׳ the priest’s mixing the offerings (Leviticus 2, 5; and frequently). ↗ original

בְּלִים participle passive of בְּלַם. ↗ original

בְּלִימָה see בְּלִי) [nothing,] air (frequently Job 26, 7). Bamidbar Rabbah section 14 עשר ספירות ב׳ (some edition בלי מה) the ten heavenly spheres (compare Sepher Yetsir. beginning). Shemoth Rabbah section 15 על אויר העולם על ב׳ … he rested it (the upper story, the sky) on the atmosphere, on b’limah (Tanchuma Ḥaye 3 על מה על האויר). ↗ original

בלינוס , Pesikta Rabbati section 42, read כָּלִינוֹס. ↗ original

בַּלִּינֵי , see בַּלְנֵי ↗ original

בלינירין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 29ᵃ top, read כְּלִינִידִין. ↗ original

בליסטורי , see בַּלִּיסְטָרִי ↗ original

בליסטין , Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 14, read כלִיסְטִין; compare Shemoth Rabbah section 21. ↗ original

בַּלִּיסְטְרָא (ballistra, βάλιστρα) catapult, a war engine for throwing stones, or (b. manualis) for arrows. Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 אבני ב׳ stones thrown from the catapult. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 8, 22ᵇ bottom of the page ברד כנגד בליצטורא שלהן; (Mechilta Bshall. section 2 בלסטראות, plural; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 232 בלסיטראות, read בליסט׳) the hail stones correspond to the catapults in the warfare of men. Pesikta Rabbati section 17; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi p. 67ᵃ אבני בלסתרא (correct accordingly). Pesikta Rabbati section 29—30 (p. 139ᵇ edition Friedman) את האבן בליסטרה (read אבן הבל׳). Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joshua 2) אבני בליסטרוס (read … רא); and frequently—plural בַּלִּיסְטְרָאוֹת. Yalkut Shimoni the passage cited, see above. Tanchuma Bo 4; Shof’tim 14. Mechilta the passage cited Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 18. ↗ original

בַּלִּיסְטָרִי (ballistarius, βαλιστάριος) attendant of the catapult, also archer. Chullin 60ᵇ או ב׳ היה … was Moses a hunter or an archer (to have known the nature of animals so well)? ↗ original

בליספימיא , see בְּלַסְפֵ׳ ↗ original

בְּלִיעָה (בלע) swallowing, gluttony. Bamidbar Rabbah section 14 (play on בֶּלַע Genesis 36, 32) he sold his birthright בשביל בְּלִיעָתוֹ to satisfy his gluttony.—בית הב׳ œsophagus. Tohoroth 1, 1; and frequently—2) vortex, see בְּלוּעָה. ↗ original

בְּלִיעֵי (= Hebrew בית הבליעה, see the preceding) gullet, whence (compare וֶשֶׁט) straits (probably Scylla and Charybdis). Bechoroth 9ᵃ.—Sanhedrin 110ᶜ בלועי דקרח (correct accordingly) the chasm created for Korah. ↗ original

בְּלִיַּעַל (Biblical Hebrew) availing nothing, wickedness. Sanhedrin 111ᵇ (playing on עוֹל) בני ב׳ means בנים … עול וכ׳ sons who shook off the yoke etc. ↗ original

בְּלִיעֲתָא (= Hebrew בְּלִיעָה) swallowing, Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 26, 11, construct state בְּלִיעַת. ↗ original

בליצטורא , see בַּלִּיסְטְרָא ↗ original

בליקוס , see כַּלְקִיס ↗ original

בְּלִיתָא (בלי) rag, shred. Shabbath 134ᵃ. Chullin 8ᵇ ב׳ דפרסא a shred of a curtain (soft rag). Kiddushin 48ᵇ צייר בב׳ tied up in a rag.—plural בְּלִיָּיתָא. Yevamoth 120ᵃ (some edition בליתא). ↗ original

בָּלַל sec. root or radix of בול, ביל; √בו, בה, compare בִּין, to penetrate, break through, see בלט; b) √בל to crumble, soften, compare √מל; see בלי, נבל, בלט in בולטיתא) to mix (with oil), knead, stir; to mix fodder. Zevachim 14, 3 (112ᵇ) הבּוֹלֵל the priest who kneads the meat-offering with oil, see בְּלִילָה. Demai 5, 5 בולל ונוטל (strike out ואוכל in Babylonian edition, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) variant reading בורר) he mixes the fruits and takes the tithe. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 4, beginning 4ᵃ לִבְלוֹל to mix up (coins in a bag.) Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 56ᵈ bottom of the page; Tanchuma Noah 11, see בּוּל 3; and frequently—participle passive בָּלוּל, feminine בְּלוּלָה. Sanhedrin 24ᵃ (play on בבל) ב׳ במקרא וכ׳ mixed up (confused) in Bible study etc. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 8, end, 9ᵈ קריבה בבלל, read בכָלִיל.] 5. בָּלוּל. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִבְלַל, , Hof. הוּבְלָל to be mixed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 2, 53ᶜ, see חָפַן. Menachoth 12, 4 (103ᵇ; 18ᵇ) ששים נבללין sixty measures of flour can be thoroughly mixed; see בִּילָה. the same place (ibid.) יכולים לְהִבָּלֵל.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 49ᵈ bottom of the page אש מוּבְלָלָה באש fire mixed with fire.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᵈ bottom of the page עד שיִבָּלֲלוּ וכ׳ until your speech shall become confounded from repeatedly saying, Enough; see בלי.] Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵃ top (play on בַּל) יִבָּלֲלוּ וכ׳ all blessings shall be kneaded thogether—Pilp. בִּלְבֵּל. ↗ original

בָּלַם 1 , fodder-bag, nose-bag, muzzle) to muzzle, restrain. Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 743 (read in place of כדו בלום וכ׳:) פיו בָּלוּם לעמו של משה יכול הוא לִבְלוֹם צפורנו של אחד מהם the mouth of the people of Moses is tied up (we dare not talk), but can he tie up (disable) the nail of any of them (the Canaanites)? Chullin 89ᵃ (play on בלימה, Job 26, 7) שבּוֹלֵם וכ׳ who restrains himself in strife (refrains from violence, keeps silence etc.).—2) participle passive בָּלוּם (compare אִלֵּם) unfit for use, lame, sore, swollen, closed by a tumor. Bechoroth 40ᵇ פיו ב׳ one whose mouth is swollen (one opinion in Rashi: shrunk); רגליו מְבוּלָּמוֹת (Pu.) one whose feet are swollen (shrunk). the same place (ibid.) 43ᵇ חוטמו ב׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בולם, correct accordingly) whose nose is obstructed.—Gittin 67ᵃ אוצר ב׳ a packed treasury of knowledge; see בָּלַס.—participle Pu. מְבוּלָּם, see above. *. הִבְלִים to restrict … Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 78ᵃ bottom of the page ובלבד שיַבְלִים לעיסתו provided that (when cutting etc.) he does only as much as is needed for his dough for the offering; [Tosafoth to Chagigah 17ᵇ, under the word אלא, cites שיכלה עיסתו, see כָּלָה.] ↗ original

בָּלַם 2 (see the preceding; compare Syriac (Peshitta) בלמא halter) to attempt to get rid of the halter; to kick, strike (of an unruly horse). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Zakhor p. 24ᵇ (referring to Psalms 32, 9) thou puttest a bit on him והוא בוֹלֵם and he strikes. the same place (ibid.) קריב לגביה והוא ב׳ (strike out לא, as Tanchuma edition Buber edition Ki Thetse, 6 a. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 719) you come near him and he strikes; Tanchuma Ki Thetse, 6; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 938, Psalms the passage cited (with var. version). ↗ original

בְּלַם 1. participle passive בְּלִים tied, mute. Targum Isaiah 32, 4; and elsewhere [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 29, 4; see בְּלֵי I.] (compare כרך) to put meat between bread, wrap up. Chullin 107ᵇ ב׳ ליה אומצא wrapped up a piece of meat for him (see Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage)). ↗ original

בַּלָּן (βαλανεύς) bathing master, bathing attendant (who receives a small coin as fee, compare אוֹלְיָיר). Shevi'ith 8, 5; see בַּיָּיר. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 4, 14ᶜ bottom of the page מקום הב׳ the bathing master’s station (the income therefrom); and frequently—plural כַּלָּנִין. Shabbath 4, 2 קורות הב׳ the beams whereon the bathing masters are stationed. ↗ original

בַּלַּן Vayikra Rabbah section 28 אזל בדיל ב׳ he went after a bather. the same place (ibid.) אתעביד ב׳ וספר has become a bather and hair cutter; Esther Rabbah to 6, 10 (בלן); Pesikta Rabbati section 18. ↗ original

בלנטיא , Sifra B’har Parah 5, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 7 (Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 666 בגלטקא), see לֶקְטִיקָא a. גְּלוּגְדְּקָא. ↗ original

בַּלָּנִי , see בַּלָּן, בַּלַּן. ↗ original

בַּלְנֵי (balnea, balineæ) bath, bathing. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᶜ bottom of the page כהדין דשתי חמרא בתר בילני (read בליני) as if one drinks wine after bathing (for medicinal purposes, when the wine which he drinks after meal cannot be considered as a continuation of the draught taken before meal; see אֲלוּנְטִית 2). Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 54ᵈ bottom of the page as much as one will ask (for the fruits left over) on a hot summer day בתר ב׳ after bathing time (when he is anxious to sell).—*Denom. בַּלָּנִיּוֹת feminine plural (= balnearia) bathing apparel. Bava Bathra 4, 5 (67ᵇ, Babylonian edition) ואת הב׳ (variant reading וִילָאוֹת which see). ↗ original

בלנידיא , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵇ bottom of the page, transl. of רעלות Isaiah 3, 19, read כְּלָנִידְיָיא. ↗ original

בַּלְנְרִין construct state construct state (בַּלְרֵי) בַּלְנְרֵי masculine plural (balnearia) bathing apparel, bathing utensils. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵃ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 82ᵃ ב׳ נשים women’s bathing clothes; Shabbath 147ᵇ בלרי (some edition בלורי, corrupted בלנ׳); Tosefta Kilayim 5, 16 בלארי (correct accordingly). bath-house, see בלורין.—5. בַּנְּרִיּוֹת. ↗ original

בָּלַס (√בל, see בָּלַל) to mix with all sorts of things, to mix indiscriminately. participle pass. בָּלוּס, feminine בְּלוּסָה. Shabbath 76ᵇ עיסה ב׳ a dough of unsifted flour (with bran etc.). Bava Bathra 58ᵃ אוצר ב׳ a store room of mixed things (lumber room).—Gittin 67ᵃ אוצר ב׳ a mind full of all kind of knowledge (other version בלום, see בָּלַם).—plural בְּלוּסִין. Mikvaoth 9, 5 הב׳ utensils soaked with a mixture of colors (stains from use), opposite נקיים shining, polished. (compare בלי) to rot. Bereshith Rabbah section 28 אוצרות בְּלוּסִים store of spoiled fruits. ↗ original

בלסימיה , see בְּלַסְפֵימְיָא ↗ original

בַּלְסָם (בסם, with inserted ל = ר; hence βάλσαμον which was readopted as בלסמון; compare בְּלוּזְמָא) balsam, aromatic gum. Bereshith Rabbah section 91 (interpr. צרי) בלסם קטף the gum of the balsam tree.—Targum Song of Songs 7, 14. Vayikra Rabbah section 31; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 15; and elsewhere Cmp. פַּלְסְמוֹן a. אַפַּרְסָמוֹן. ↗ original

בְּלַסְפֵימְיָא (βλασφημία) blasphemy. Ylamdenu to Numbers 28, quoted (בליספ׳) in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh)—Tanchuma edition Buber edition Tol’doth 21 בלסימיה (correct accordingly). ↗ original

בְּלַסְפֵימִיסון , read בְּלַסְפֵימֵיסִין (ἐβλασφήμησεν) he blasphemed. Ylamdenu, referring to I Kings 21, 13 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (interpret. בֵּרַךְ). ↗ original

בלסתרא , see בַּלִּיסְטְרָא ↗ original

בָּלַע , see בלל) to absorb, opposite פלט; to swallow, consume. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 49ᶜ bottom of the page… שהאור בּוֹלֵעַ בּוֹלַעַת … בּוֹלְעִין the flame absorbs a portion of the oil, and so do the wood and the kettle. Chullin 110ᵇ the liver when boiled with other meat פולטת ואינה ב׳ gives out (blood) but absorbs nothing from the other pieces. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, 14ᵈ top; Tosefta Shabbath 12 (13), 9 but he may sip vinegar ובוֹלֵעַ and swallow it (opposite פלט to spit it out). Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 45ᵇ bottom of the page הלעוס כבָלוּעַ what is chewed is to be considered as swallowed. Chullin 71ᵃ טומאה בְלוּעָה an unclean object (food) that has been swallowed.—Sanhedrin 110ᵃ הַבְּלוּעִין those (of the band of Korah) that were swallowed up. Kelim 9, 6, see דָּֽרְבָן; and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נִבְלַע to be swallowed; with בין, to be absorbed, disappear. Sotah 36ᵇ; Tanchuma Vayigg. 4; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 150 (interpret. the name Bela, Genesis 46, 21) שנ׳ בין האומות for he (Joseph) has disappeared among gentiles. Bereshith Rabbah section 94; Yalkut Shimoni the passage cited שנבלע ממני he disappeared to me. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְלִיעַ to cause swallowing, to make absorb. Shemoth Rabbah section 33 הִבְלַעְתָּ לקרה thou mad’st (the earth) swallow Korah. Berachoth 24ᵇ מַבְלִיעוֹ בטליתו he hides the spittle in his cloak; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵇ top of the page Chullin 113ᵃ מַבְ׳ דם באברים causes the blood to remain in the meat (prevents it from flowing out).—Transferred to sell something in connection with other things, in a lump, in the bargain. Bechoroth 31ᵇ מבליעו וכ׳ he sells it (the meat) in the bargain with the hide etc. Bava Metzia 64ᵃ; Bava Kamma 118ᵇ one who robs his neighbor וה׳ לו בחשבון and makes up for it implicitly on settling his accounts. 5. הַבְלָעָה. Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּבְלַע to be swallowed up; to mingle with, see above Nif'al—participle מוּבְלַע. Berachoth 31ᵇ מ׳ בין אנשים mixing with people, explained לא ארוך וכ׳ neither very tall etc. (of average qualities). Eruvin 4, 6 מ׳ ביניהן his property is enclosed between theirs (reaches into the limits of each). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 21ᵈ bottom of the page עיירות המוּבְלָעוֹת inland-towns, opposite border-towns. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 7, 15ᶜᵈ מוּבְלָעִין בה fields which are enclosed by others belonging to the same estate. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְבַּלֵעַ to be swallowed up, to disappear. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 19, beginning מִתְבַּלֵּעַ מן וכ׳ he disappears from the world (forfeits his life). ↗ original

בְּלַע Targum Exodus 7, 12; and frequently—Chullin 111ᵃ כי היכי דפליט הדר ב׳ as it gives out, so does it again absorb; and frequently—participle passive בְּלִיעַ, בְּלִיעָא. the same place (ibid.) בליעא דמא filled with blood.—Sanhedrin 110ᵃ בלועי דקרח, see בְּלִיעֵי.— Transferred to receive blows (compare סָפַג). Menachoth 7ᵃ קולפי טאבי בַּלְעִי וכ׳ I received many blows at the hands of Avoth over etc. Arachin 22ᵃ. Berachoth 56ᵃ.—Targum 2, Esther 3, 7 בְּלִיעָן אינון בידי they are swallowed up (bound to be destroyed) by my hand. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַבְלַע , as Hebrew Hif'il Chullin 67ᵇ אַבְלַע לי let me swallow them (put them in my mouth). Menachoth 17ᵃ, see below. Bava Metzia 64ᵃ וא׳ ליה בחשבון, see the preceding Hif'il Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיתְבְּלַע, אִיבְּלַע = as Hebrew Nif'al to be swallowed up, to disappear. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 46, 21 אתב׳ מניה he was swallowed up (disappeared) from his side; see the preceding Targum Joshua 6, 5 יתבלע וכ׳ shall sink into the ground beneath it; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 2, 58ᵃ bottom of the page איתב׳ מן קומוי (the moon) disappeared from his sight. to be given to eat; in a transferred sense to be taught. Berachoth 24ᵇ הא מילתא אִבְלְעָא לי בי וכ׳ see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) this I have been taught in the school of R. etc.; (Menachoth 17ᵃ הא מילתא אבלע לי וכ׳ this has R. Ḥ. taught me). ↗ original

בֶּלַע (the preceding) absorption, natural loss, leakage. Bava Metzia 3, 8 (40ᵃ) לוג ומחצה ב׳ a Log and a half is a reasonable leakage (absorbed by new vessels); and elsewhere proper noun of a male person (Biblical Hebrew) Bela; see בָּלַע a. בְּלִיעָה. בֶּלַע or בַּלַּע (compare בְּלִי) a nothing, a mote. Tanchuma Vayak. 7 (referring to כְּבַלַּע Numbers 4, 20) כב׳ הזה שהוא נופל בעין; (Bamidbar Rabbah section 5 מן העין) as much as a mote which enters one’s eye. ↗ original

בַּלָּע swallower, glutton. Bamidbar Rabbah section 14; see בְּלִיעָה. Sanhedrin 105ᵃ, see בִּלְעָם. ↗ original

בְּלַע ² Chaldaic (Aramaic) masculine (compare בֶּלַע) the thing swallowed, choking fit. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᵈ אהן בלעה שרי in a choking attack it is allowed (to apply remedies on the Sabbath) the same place (ibid.) הוה ליה בלע had a choking fit; Koheleth Rabbah to 10, 5 הוה ליה חד בלעא. the same place (ibid.) לאפקא בִלְעֵיה to get out what he had swallowed. ↗ original

בלעין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 3, 23ᵇ מחוסר לב׳, read בְּעָלִין = בְּעָלִים, see בַּעַל ↗ original

בִּלְעָם (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Balaam, the gentile prophet of the Pentateuch. Sanhedrin 105ᵃ ב׳ בַּלַּע עם Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (variant reading in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), a. edition בַּלָּא) devourer (destroyer) of the people; other homilet. etymology ibid. שבִּלָּה עם he ruined the people (through debauchery; Rashi: = בִּלְבֵּל). Bereshith Rabbah section 65. Avoth 5, 19 (as type of false teachers); and frequently ↗ original

בַּלְעֵס (בלע with ס intensive; compare בלס, לעס); Ithpeel אִתְבַּלְעֵס to be choked, to choke. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 46ᵃ ואיתכ׳, ואיתכלעסון (correct accordingly). ↗ original

בִּלָּק , see בִּילָּק ↗ original

בָּלָק (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Balak, King of Moab. Berachoth 7ᵃ. Bamidbar Rabbah section 20; and frequently ↗ original

בלקטורים …, see כּוֹלֶּקְטָר (collectarius), and כַּלַּקְטֵירִין (χαρακτῆρες). ↗ original

בלקיא , see גְּלַבְקְיָא ↗ original

בלרא , see בּוּלְרָא ↗ original

בַּלְרֵי , see בַּלְנְרִין ↗ original

בלריון , see בלרין ↗ original

בְּלֵרִיּוֹת , see בְּלוּרִית ↗ original

בָּלַשׁ (√בל, see בלל) *to hack and break the clods of earth (see בּוּל 2; see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Raster). Vayikra Rabbah section 36 on setting a vine בּוֹלְשִׁין אותה וכ׳ (read אותן) you first break them (the large stony clods) under it and then you plant it. Cmp. אַבְלוֹשָׁא. (law) to search (for concealed goods etc.) to hold a visitation. Denom. בַּלְשִׁי etc. (milit.) to patrol. Middoth 1, 7 לִבְלוֹשׁ וכ׳ to patrol the Temple. ↗ original

בְּלַשׁ ; to search, examine. Targum Onkelos Genesis 31, 35; and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּלֵּשׁ same. Targum Isaiah 22, 5 מְבַלְּשִׁין (edition Vienna edition מַבְלְשִׁין Af'el); and elsewhere Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְבַּלַּשׁ, Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּלִּישׁ to be searched, ransacked. Targum Obadiah, Book of 1, 6, quoted Bava Kamma 3ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original

בַּלְשָׁא (see next word) searcher; constable. Niddah 52ᵃ שדר ב׳ וכ׳ he sent a constable and forced her to leave her (second) husband.—plural בָּלוֹשִׁין, בָּלוֹשַׁיָּיא. Targum Zephaniah, Book of 1, 12; and elsewhere—Berachoth 44ᵃ בָּלוֹשֵׁי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Manuscript Florence (edition בָּאלוֹשֵׁי). ↗ original

בַּלְשִׁי (בלש) detective, investigator, searching tax-commissioner, constable. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 7, 26ᵃ מקל ב׳ (not מיקל) the commissioner’s pointed staff (with which he searches). Ylamdenu to Genesis 38, 1 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בלשיי מסר וכ׳ the constable delivers the prisoner over to the executioner.—plural בַּלְשִׁין. Kelim 15, 4 מקל הב׳, see above.—בַּלְשִׁיִּין. Ylamdenu to Numbers 23, 7. [variant reading in Hai Gaon בַּלְסַיי.] ↗ original

בֵּלְשָׁפָט Belshafat (contracted of בי אלישפט), a staple town in Susiana (Khazistan), Syriac name Beth-Lapetha = Ahwaz (Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 380). Taanith 22ᵃ בי לפט edition (variant reading בילפט, בולשפטי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8). Bava Metzia 73ᵇ זולשפט edition (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) לולשפט, Manuscript Hamburg בלשפט); Bava Bathra 98ᵃ וול שפט edition (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) לולש׳; Munich manuscript ולשפט; variant reading ויל שפט, וילש׳, לישפט, בי לישפט, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). [Yoḥăsin under the word ברוקא: בי אלישפט.] ↗ original

בַּלֶּשֶׁת (בלש) reconnoitring troop, quartermaster’s division, marauders. Betzah 21ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 6. Avodah Zarah 5, 6 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition בו׳). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 45ᵃ top בשלום בו׳ ובמלחמת בו׳ the Mishnah means when the troop comes in peace, or when it comes with hostility. Shabbath 145ᵇ edition בו׳, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בל׳. ↗ original

בַּלְתִּי Beth-Baltin etc., see בִּירָם. Rosh Hashanah 2, 4 (22ᵇ; Munich manuscript בילתי, בלתי; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim common gender l. note). the same place (ibid.) 23ᵃ bottom of the page מאי בית ב׳ (Munich manuscript 1 בילתי, 2 בלחי, manuscript L. בילתין) what is B. B.? Answ. בירם. ↗ original

במגנימין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 57ᵇ, כהדא ב׳, probably to be read: כהדין אִיפוֹמְנִימָטִין (ὑπομνήματα) like the minutes of the court proceedings, opposite to the preceding דירין, read דִּיקִין (δίκη, plural). ↗ original

בְּמִדְבַּר the fourth book of Moses (Numeri). Bereshith Rabbah section 3; and elsewhere—ב׳ רבה the fourth book of Midrash Rabbah (Bamidbar Rabbah). ↗ original

בָּמָה entrance, gathering place, ascent (compare Biblical Hebrew מָבוֹא a. מַעֲלֶה); especially Bamah, name of the legitimate altars prior to, and of the illegitimate after, the establishment of a central sanctuary (at Shiloh) and of the Temple at Jerusalem; temporary or improvised altar; see Zevachim 14, 4—8.—Megillah 1, 10 ב׳ גדולה national altar; ב׳ קטנה local altar (during their period of legitimacy); Tosefta Zevachim 13, 17 and the following; and frequently—plural בָּמוֹת Zevachim the passage cited the same place (ibid.) 114ᵇ בשעת היתר הב׳ at the period when bamoth were permitted. see above; and frequently [Megillah 32ᵃ הלוחות והב׳, see בִּימָה.] Cmp. בִּימָה. ↗ original

בָּמוֹסָא , see בָּמָסָא ↗ original

בָּמוֹתָא , see בָּמְתָא ↗ original

במיסטאות , Midrash Thron. Salom., Beth-Hammidr. edition Jellinek 5, 2, read בָּימוֹסָאוֹת, see בִּימוֹס ↗ original

במרזה , Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 10 some edition, read ככּוֹמֶר הזה. ↗ original

בָּמְתָא Targum I Kings 3, 4; and elsewhere—plural (בָּמוֹתָא) בָּמָתָא. Targum the same place (ibid.) 2; and elsewhere—[Targum 2 Chronicles 11, 15 בָּמָתַיָּיא.] ↗ original

בֵּן , construct state בֶּן (Biblical Hebrew; בנה) offspring, son, child. שבוע הב׳ the male child’s week, a disguise for circumcision day, adopted during the Hadrianic persecutions. Sanhedrin 32ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 1, 25ᶜ; and elsewhere—ישוע הב׳ a disguise for פִּדְיוֹן הבן. Bava Kamma 80ᵃ.—… בְּנוֹ של the son of, see שֶׁל. בְּנָן של קדושים descendant of holy men. Avodah Zarah 50ᵃ; and elsewhere—plural בָּנִים, construct state בְּנֵי. Avoth 3, 14 ב׳ למקום chosen children of God. Bereshith Rabbah section 82 בָּנֶיהָ של תורה children (followers) of the Law.—Transferred belonging to, fit for etc.; e.g. בני גולה those belonging to the colony of exiles, Babylonians etc.; בני גליל Galileans; בני אכילה things fit to be eaten etc. [For such compounds as are not self-evident, see the respective determinants.] [בני פיקרין, see בְּנִיפיקָרִין.] ↗ original

בְּנָא , see בני ↗ original

בַּנָּאָה (contracted of בַּלְנָא) bather. Targum 2, Esther 6, 12 manuscript (edition בַּאנְיָא). proper noun of a male person, see בַּנַּאי 2 ↗ original

בַּנַּאי (בני) builder, mason. Bava Metzia 118ᵇ; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵇ top אומנתיה דהן ב׳ this boy’s trade should be that of a builder. Shabbath 156ᵇ ב׳ וסתיר וכ׳ (shall grow to be one) who builds and destroys, destroys and builds (restless). the same place (ibid.) 115ᵃ; and frequently 5. אַרְרִּיכָל.—[5. בַּנָּאִים, בַּנָּאִין.] ↗ original

בַּנַּאי 2 (= רב ב׳) proper noun of a male person Bannai, Bannaah, Rabbannai, name of an Amora. Kethuboth 50ᵇ. Berachoth 38ᵇ. [the same place (ibid.) 55ᵇ Munich manuscript נהוראי. Bava Metzia 2ᵃ, and elsewhere רב׳, Munich manuscript רבינא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note.] ↗ original

בַּנָּאִים singular a. plural (contracted of בן נאים, see נָאֶה) one of becoming conduct, refined, a cultured person; opposite בּוֹר; (compare Shabbath 114ᵃ top, as to a scholar’s duty to pay attention to dress). [For other opinion, see Sachs Sachs, Beitrage 2, 199; Frankel Monatsschr. 1846, p. 855.] Mikvaoth 9, 6; Shabbath the passage cited של ב׳ וכ׳ the garments of a Bannaïm, if stained with pitch on one side cannot be immersed for levitical purposes before the stain is removed (because their owner is more fastidious). Tosefta Mikvaoth 6 (7), 14 (where גדולה a. קטנה refer to the stain; as to correct version see Rabbenu Shimshon to Mikvaoth the passage cited). Shabbath the passage cited מאי ב׳ what does B. mean? Answer: אלו וכ׳ it means the scholars who are engaged in building up the world (of civilization) all their lives (as if frequently בָּנָה). the same place (ibid.) (dresses of the B.) אלו כלים וכ׳ are the court-garments imported etc., see אוֹלָרִין. ↗ original

בנאיתא , see בִּנְיָיתָא ↗ original

בְּנָאתָן , plural of בְּרַתָּא. ↗ original

בָּנוֹיָא (בני) builder. . Yoma 10ᵃ ב׳ ביר וכ׳ shall the builders (of the Temple, the Persians) be delivered into the hands of the destroyers (the Romans)? ↗ original

בָּנוֹת plural of בַּת. ↗ original

בני [to combine,] to build. Shabbath 12, 1 הַבּוֹנֶה he who builds (on the Sabbath). the same place (ibid.)] 102ᵇ משום בונה (isguilty) because it is one of the labors classified under ‘building’; and frequently—Metaph. to educate, train. Berachoth 64ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 54, 93) א"ת בָּנַיִךְ אלא בוֹנַיִּךְ read not banayikh (thy children), but bonayikh (thy builders, trainers); see בַּנָּאִים.—Shemoth Rabbah section 23 (play on b’noth, Song of Songs 1, 5) בּוֹנוֹת וכ׳ the authorities directing the building of Jerusalem; see Pi'el—Chullin 78ᵇ זה בנה אב, see אָב, a. בִּנְיָן. [Tosefta Parah 7 (6), 4 בְּנָאוֹ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), see כָּנַן.] Nif'al נִפְעַל נִבְנֶה to be built up. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 3, 14ᵇ, and frequently לְהִיבָּנוֹת, לִיבָּנוֹת. (denominative of בֵּן) to get children. Bereshith Rabbah section 71. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְבַּנֶּה (denominative of בֵּן) to be adopted, naturalized. Pesikta Rabbati section 43 נִתְבַּנּוּ בישראל they became full Israelitish citizens. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּינָּה to lay out, plan a city, determine its limits. Shemoth Rabbah the passage cited the Great Sanedrin held sessions ומְבַנָּים אותה (not אותם) and determined the limits of Jerusalem; see Sanhedrin 1, 5.—participle Pu. מְבוּנֶּה cultivated; built (of human stature), well-proportioned. Kethuboth 112ᵃ; Sotah 34ᵇ היתה מְבוּנָּה על וכ׳ it (Hebron, in spite of the rocky nature of its soil) was seven times better cultivated than Zoan (one measure of its land yielding as much as did seven measures of the soil of Zoan). the same place (ibid.) 42ᵇ (play on benayim, I Samuel 17, 4) מב׳ מכל מום his build was without blemish. ↗ original

בֵּנוֹנִי , see בֵּינוֹנִי ↗ original

בְּנֵי Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew בָּנָה. Targum Deuteronomy 25, 9 (Yerushalmi (prefix) יִבְנֶה); and frequently—participle בָּנֵי. Targum Genesis 4, 17.—Moed Katan 10ᵇ מִיבְנֵי to erect; and elsewhere Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּנֵי as Hebrew Nif'al a. 2). Targum I Kings 3, 2; and frequently—Targum Genesis 16, 2; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ מִתְבַּנְיֵי will be rebuilt; and elsewhere ↗ original

בִּנְיָאתָא , see בִּנְיָיתָא ↗ original

בַּנָּיָה , builder. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, 40ᶜ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 7, 48ᵈ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 8, 16ᶜ top ב׳ דאורייתא a builder of the law (forming ingenious conclusions).—plural בַּנָּיִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵃ top; see אוּמַן. ↗ original

בַּנָּיָיה 2 Bannayah, an Amora. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᵇ bottom of the page; and frequently (Babylonian Bava Bathra 57ᵇ בַּנָּאָה, see בַּנַּאי 2). ↗ original

בֵּנַיִים , see בֵּין ↗ original

בִּנְיָינָא , see בִּנְיָנָא ↗ original

בניינות , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 49ᵈ top, see בֵּינוֹנִי ↗ original

בִּנְיָיתָא (בני; compare ארב, ארג a. denominative) net-work, veils, curtains etc. Berachoth 61ᵃ; Shabbath 95ᵃ; Eruvin 18ᵃ; Niddah 45ᵇ שכן בכרכי הים קורין לקלעייתא ב׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) for version) at the sea-towns they call all net-works binyatha; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 2 בִּנְיָאתָא (variant reading בנאיתא). ↗ original

בִּנְיָן building, structure; erection. Sukkah 51ᵇ מי שלא ראה בה"מ בבִנְיָנוֹ whoever has not seen the Temple in its finished state, explained ibid. בִּנְיַן הורדוס the Herodian Temple (Munich manuscript … ראה בנין בה"מ; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note).—אַמַּת הב׳, see אַמָּה.—Shabbath 102ᵇ דרך ב׳ בכן such kind of labor belongs to builders’ work. the same place (ibid.) דמי לב׳ it looks like builders’ work; and frequently—בִּנְיַן אב standard rule, see אָב; see Chullin 78ᵇ, Bava Kamma 77ᵇ זה בנה אב this (Exodus 12, 5) forms the rule, wherever שה is used etc. (see Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage)).—Shabbath 114ᵃ בִּנְיָנוֹ של עולם the preservation of the (mental and moral) world. human frame, skeleton. Oholoth 2, 1 רוב בניינו the greater portion of a corpse as to size of limbs, contradistinguished to רוב מניינו the larger as to the number of joints and limbs. ↗ original

בִּנְיָנָא Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 3, 3; and elsewhere ↗ original

בְּנִיסָא (בנס) sour; angry, sad. plural בְּנִיסִין; feminine בְּנִיסָתָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 40, 6 (O. נסיסין). Targum Proverbs 25, 23. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 4, 48ᵇ bottom of the page בניסין, read: בֵּינֵיהוֹן, see בֵּין Chaldaic (Aramaic)] ↗ original

בניסן , Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵃ תמני … ב׳, see כְּנִישָׁא ↗ original

בְּנִיפִיקִין (beneficium, βενεφίκιον) favor, grant, esp. the rights of a privileged person concerning the protection of his character. Tanchuma Korah (edition Buber edition) addit. 2 (compare Tanchuma the same place (ibid.) 8) משל לשושבינה של בת המלך שביקש בני פיקון מן המלך (correct accordingly) this is to be compared to a sponsor of the King’s daughter who claimed satisfaction of the King on the ground of his privileges. He said to the King אם אינך תובע ב׳ שלי if thou wilt not stand up for my privileges etc.; Bamidbar Rabbah section 18 בנפקין שלך (correct accordingly). ↗ original

בְּנִיפִיקָרִין (beneficiarii, βενεφικάλιοι) the commander’s attendants, orderlies. Sifrè Deuteronomy 317 (בני פיקרין, בני פוקרים correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 944 אלו ב׳ שלהם those are their (the Roman) beneficiarii. ↗ original

בִּנְיָתָא , see בִּנְיָיתָא ↗ original

בְּנָן plural, see בְּרַתָּא.—[5. also בֵּן.] ↗ original

בְּנַס (sec. root or radix of בס, see בסם) to ferment, get sour; in a transferred sense to be angry, agitated. Daniel 2, 12. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 40, 2. Targum Esther 2, 21 בנסו וקצפו (edition Vienna edition כְּנַסּוּ, correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) 4, 17 ונסס וב׳ (edition Vienna edition וכ׳, correct accordingly, Hebrew text ויעבר!); see נְסַס.—participle passive בְּנִיס, see בְּנִיסָא. Denom. בַּסִּין. ↗ original

בְּנָסָא (the preceding) anger, ill-humor. Targum Job 16, 10 (manuscript כנסא, some edition בַּנָּסָא). ↗ original

בנפיקין , see בְּנִיפִיקִין ↗ original

בַּנְּרִיּוֹת (= בלנרין; compare βανίαριν for βαλνιαρία, S.) bathing apparel. Bereshith Rabbah section 45 דליים וב׳ וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כנריות, some edition פנדיות) buckets and bathing apparel did she make her carry etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 79 סנדלריאות (correct accordingly). ↗ original

בַּנַּרְיָיתָא Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 7, end 6ᵃ אנא נסיב בַּנַּרְיָיתֵיה I will carry his bathing clothes (i.e. I will be his servant; compare Bava Metzia 41ᵃ; Eruvin 27ᵇ; Sanhedrin 62ᵇ). ↗ original

בנרסיי , Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ top, see דַּרְדֵּסִין ↗ original

בְּנָתָא , plural of בְּרַתָּא. ↗ original

בֵּנְתַּיִים , see בַּיִן, בֵּין. ↗ original

בנתיקה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, 25ᵈ, see נְתִיקָה Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

בְּסָא , see בסי ↗ original

בסבסטי , Bamidbar Rabbah section 10, see סְבַסְטִי ↗ original

בס"גר a mnemotechnical device, representing בׄהמה, חסׄרון, גׄלודה and חרׄותא. Chullin 42ᵃ; 42ᵇ ↗ original

בסגר , Echah Rabbah to 3, 7 ב׳ של ערבייא (Yalkut Shimoni ad loc. (on the passage) גנד (גונדא) של ערביים) probably to be read: הֶסְגֵּר the locking up of Jerusalem by the Arabs, see the same place (ibid.) to 1, 5.—[For קסטרא של פרסיים ibid., read רוֹמִיִּים.] ↗ original

בְּסוּמָא (בסם) sweet-meat, delicacy. — plural בְּסוּמֵי. Eruvin 82ᵇ; Megillah 7ᵇ רווחא לב׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition singular, variant reading in edition בסימא, בסימה) for delicacies there is always room (appetite). 5. בָּשׂוּם. ↗ original

בסוס , read בָּסִיס. ↗ original

בְּסוֹרָא , see בְּשׂו׳ ↗ original

בְּסוֹרָה , plural בְּסוֹרוֹת (בסר) first-ripe fruits, first priestly gifts. Kethuboth 16ᵇ כוס של ב׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בשורה), explained כוס יין של תרומה. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 26ᵇ top חבית של בסורות (edition Krot. בשורות). ↗ original

בסי (see בסס) to trample upon; hence (with ב־) to despise; see בְּזֵי I; compare בְּטַשׁ. Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּסֵּי same. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, end, 46ᶜ לא מבסי לא ברומי וכ׳ (read תְבַסֵּי) despise neither a Roman of low standing etc.; (Bereshith Rabbah section 63 לא תבזון).— (Arab. בסّ) to drive, instigate. Bereshith Rabbah section 79, end, heard an Arab say to his neighbor מה את מְבַסֵּה בי וכ׳ (some edition מכ׳, correct accordingly) why art thou driving me? and he meant to say מה את מְעַשֶּׂה בי (variant reading מְעַסֶּה) why wilt thou force me?—from which they learned the meaning of ועסותם, Malachi 3, 21. ↗ original

בִּסְיָא (see the preceding; = Hebrew פְּשִׁיעָה) indifference, willful negligence. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 22, 8 בכו׳ (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 5, 10ᵇ bottom of the page מתה בב׳ if the animal died through negligence; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 10 בבוסיא edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בכ׳). Bava Kamma 116ᵇ בבו׳ וכ׳ (variant reading בכ׳; Munich manuscript בבִיסְיָא, בבו׳). ↗ original

בסילגוס , read בָּסִילְיוֹס. ↗ original

בָּסִילֵיאוֹס (βασιλέως, Genit. of βασιλεύς); see בָּסִילְיוֹס. Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 57ᵃ bottom of the page, see אַגְרָפוֹס. ↗ original

בָּסִילְיוֹן ( masculine (βασίλειον, τὸ) royal seat, palace. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, 20ᶜ מלכא יתיב על ב׳ דידיה וכ׳ (read בי ב׳) the King sits in his palace, and thou sayest thou art the King? (genit. of βασίλεια, τὰ) of the palace, or of the royal affairs. Bereshith Rabbah section 93 פטרון ב׳ (πάτρων τῶν βασιλείων) superintendent of etc. ↗ original

בָּסִילְיוֹס (βασιλεύς) king. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 12ᵈ bottom of the page; Bereshith Rabbah section 8 (correct accordingly). ↗ original

בָּסִילְקִי (βασιλική, supply (understood word) στοά) basilica, a building with colonnades for holding courts, also meeting place for merchants, exchange, forum. Yoma 25ᵃ כמין ב׳ גדולה was built in the style of a large basilica (semicircular). Tosefta Sukkah 4, 6 (describing the Alexandrian Synagogue); Sukkah 51ᵇ. Bereshith Rabbah section 68 עולים לב׳ וכ׳ one goes up to the basil. and finds the King holding court. Shemoth Rabbah section 15; Tanchuma Ḥaye 3 שמא אצל ב׳ וכ׳ perhaps he wanted me to wait for him near the basilica (on the forum). Esther Rabbah to 1, 3. Tohoroth 6, 8; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 7, 12; and frequently [Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 4, 14ᶜ bottom of the page בסלקי, see כַּלְכּוֹס.]—plural בָּסִילְקָאוֹת. Avodah Zarah 16ᵇ שלש ב׳ הן וכ׳ there are three kinds of basilicas, for Kings (holding court), for baths, and royal treasuries (τὸ βασιλικόν, supply (understood word) ταμεῖον, S.). Tosefta Oholoth 18, 18 selling wheat בב׳ שלהן in their (the gentiles’) exchanges. [Vayikra Rabbah section 34 בסלקי, read בפִילָקִי.] ↗ original

בְּסִים , see בְּסַם ↗ original

בָּסִים (בסם) boiled, ripe, whence (variant reading בְּסִים, בַּסִּים, בַּסִּימָא) sweet, pleasant, well-seasoned etc. (= Hebrew ערב). Targum Psalms 141, 2 (Hebrew text ערב, translated in both senses); and frequently—Kethuboth 104ᵃ top דמדליא וב׳ אוירא which lies high and whose air is pleasant (temperate). Rosh Hashanah 21ᵃ ב׳ תבשילא וכ׳ (Munich manuscript 2 margin כמה ב׳; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 80) how well tastes the food of the Babylonians on the day when in Palestine they observe the Day of Atonement! Bava Metzia 60ᵃ לא הוה ב׳ (the wine) was not good. the same place (ibid.) 69ᵇ דאיכא דב׳ וכ׳ that there is good and bad wine. Berachoth 56ᵃ ב׳ חמרך thy wine will be good.—plural בְּסִימִין, fem. בְּסִימָן, בְּסִימָתָא (also as nouns, as Hebrew נעימים, נעימית). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 33, 28 and the following; and elsewhere—5. בַּסִּימַיָּא. (compare חַלָּא) fermenting, sour. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 55ᶜ top חמרא … מיפוק בסים this man’s (thy) wine shall turn sour (ferment); see בַּסִּין. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 (חד מאתינס 7) וחד דבסים and one bag with sour wine. the same place (ibid.) דבסימא תסיס the dripping of the sour wine bubbles. the same place (ibid.) (חד כותאי) ונפיק כוליה בסים and it will all turn sour. ↗ original

בְּסִימָא (see the preceding fermenting wine, wine turned into vinegar. Echah Rabbah to 3, 40 אין דעולית׳ מרירן בסימא חמיע Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition אית כרנבי ב׳ דסימא חמיע; read אין דכר׳, strike out דסימא) when the endive (the cabbage) is bitter, the fermenting wine turns sour (sin begets sin). Shir HaShirim Rabbah end, if the vineyard is cut before its time, אפי׳ בִסְמֵיה וכ׳ even its vinegar is not good. ↗ original

בְּסִימָה feminine same. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 3, beginning 29ᵈ formerly … the wine (in Judæa) never turned sour, and they put in barley to make it sour, whence it was called ב׳ דרומיא Southern vinegar (fermentation, = Hebrew חומץ האדומי). ↗ original

בְּסִימוּתָא (בסם) sweetness. Targum Psalms 27, 4; and elsewhere ↗ original

בַּסִּימַיָּא (בסם; = Hebrew חֲנֻטִים) embalming process. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 50, 3. ↗ original

בְּסִיס , see בְּסַס ↗ original

בָּסִיס (בוס, בסס; formed like עָצִיץ) anything to tread upon; footstool, stand, base (= Biblical Hebrew כַּן, מְכוֹנָה). Kelim 11, 7 הפרח והב׳ the bud (receptacle of the candlestick) and the stand. Vayikra Rabbah section 25; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 15 like a column which has ב׳ מלמטן וכ׳ a base beneath etc.; Tanchuma B’har 1. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᵈ top בשאין עליהן ב׳ when there is upon them (the idolatrous emblems) no stand (indicating that they were intended for practical use). the same place (ibid.) כוס בסוס לדרקון וכ׳ (correct accordingly) if the cup serves as a stand for the dragon (idolatrous emblem), it (the cup) is forbidden; and frequently—Transferred (in Sabbath law) whatever is subservient to another object, e.g. the case in which a book is kept, the table upon which a lamp is placed. Shabbath 117ᵃ ב׳ לדבר האסור subservient to an object which must not be handled on the Sabbath; and frequently—5. בְּסִיסַי, בְּסִיסִית. ↗ original

בְּסִיס ² Targum I Kings 7, 30; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 17, 16ᵇ top ב׳ דידיה its (the delphica’s) pedestal. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 5, 55ᵇ bottom of the page whatever (structure) stands isolated being one hundred feet high בעי ב׳ וכ׳ requires a buttress (in the shape of an ascent) of thirty three cubits on each side.—plural בְּסִיסַיָּא. Targum I Kings 7, 27; and elsewhere ↗ original

בְּסִיסַי (= בָּסִיס; בסס) foot-stool, base, stand, step. — plural בְּסִיסָאוֹת Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), בְּסִיסִיּוֹת, בְּסָסִיּוֹת. Kelim 24, 6 שלש בְּסָ׳ הן (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בסי׳) there are three stands, one before the bed (step) etc. Bamidbar Rabbah section 10, beginning בסיסיות, see בָּסִיס. ↗ original

בְּסִיר (בַּסִּ׳) (בסר) contemned, contemptible. Targum Psalms 15, 4; and frequently—plural בְּסִירִין, fem. בְּסִירָן. Targum Malachi 2, 9; 1, 12. Targum Judges 9, 4, see בַּקָּרָא 2. ripening, see בְּסַר 2. ↗ original

בְּסִירוּתָא (the preceding) contempt. Targum Psalms 123, 3. ↗ original

בסלקי , see בָּסִילְקִי ↗ original

בָּסֵם (√בס, בש, compare בָּשַׁל, to boil, ripen, be warm, ferment) to be sweet, pleasant, pleasing. Echah Rabbah to 1, 9 יערב לך ויִבְסַם לך may (the sacrifice) be sweet unto thee (Moloch), may it be pleasing unto thee. Bereshith Rabbah section 85 יערב לכם יבושם וכ׳ (Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 144, Joshua 35 יבסם) may (the wine you drank) be sweet to you, may it well agree with you.—Denom. בּוֹסֶם. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּסֵּם, בִּיסֵּם, , בִּישֵּׂם to make a person look well, especially (denominative of בּוֹסֶם) to perfume with oil etc. Shemoth Rabbah section 23 a bride מקשטין אותה ומְבַסְּמִין אותה is adorned and made handsome (her toilet is attended to).—participle passive מְבוּסָּם, feminine מְבוּסֶּמֶת, מְבוּשּׂ׳ perfumed, sweet etc. Bamidbar Rabbah section 20 מקושטת ומב׳ in full toilet. Tosefta Berachoth 6 (5), 5 it is not becoming for a scholar שיצא מבוסם to go out with perfumed oil on his head; Berachoth 43ᵇ מבוש׳. Bava Bathra 6, 3 יין מב׳ sweet wine (guaranteed as not sour). [Pesikta Rabbati section 21 בישם העולם; Ruth. R. beginning ביסם, read בִּיסֵּס, see בָּסַס.] Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְבַּסֵּם, הִתְבַּשֵּׂ׳ ; Nithpa. נִתְבַּסֵּם, נִתְבַּשֵּׂ׳ to perfume one’s self with oil etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 17. etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 17. to become exhilarated, to feel the wine. Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 9 אכל ושתה ונת׳ he ate and drank and felt well. in a transferred sense to grow better, improve. Bereshith Rabbah section 67, end נִתְבַּסְּמָה דעתו עליו his character grew better (play on בשמת Genesis 26, 34).—[Bereshith Rabbah section 66 נתבשם העולם, see בָּסַס.] ↗ original

בְּסַם Targum Exodus 15, 25; and frequently—participle pass. בְּסִים, see בָּסִים. Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּסֵּים to sweeten, season; in a transferred sense to make happy, to delight. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 18, 19. Targum Psalms 119, 122; and elsewhere—Sukkah 51ᵃ; Arachin 11ᵃ לבַסּוּמֵי קלא to sweeten the sound (by means of instrumental accompaniment). to embalm. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 50, 2; 26.—participle passive מְבַסַּם. Targum Onkelos 30, 25. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיתְבַּסֵּם, Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיתְבְּסַם , contracted אִיבְּסִים to be sweet, well-seasoned, prepared. Targum Job 24, 20. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 30, 25 מִתְבַּשֵּׂם; and elsewhere to be embalmed. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 50, 3. to be cheerful, feel the wine; compare בְּלוּזְמָא. Sanhedrin 38ᵃ כיון דאִיבְּסוּם when they were feeling the wine. Shabbath 66ᵇ. Bava Bathra 73ᵇ bottom of the page—Megillah 7ᵇ מיחייב אינש לִבְּסוּמֵי וכ׳ (= לאיבסומי, see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)) one must cheer himself up with wine etc. the same place (ibid.) איבסום they were feeling the wine (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). [Targum Song of Songs 2, 5 אתבסם, see בְּסַס.] ↗ original

בַּסָּם (the preceding) dealer in, or manufacturer of, spices, perfumes etc.; druggist. Kiddushin 82ᵇ. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 2; 4. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᶜ bottom of the page Bava Metzia 56ᵇ if one sells his (cancelled) notes לב׳ to a druggist (for wrapping paper); and frequently—[Tosefta Berachoth 6 (5), 8 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) בושם.]—plural בַּסָּמִים, בַּסָּמִין, בַּשָּׂ׳. Shabbath 81ᵃ ↗ original

בִּסְמָא , see בְּסִימָא ↗ original

בָּסַס (sec. root or radix of Biblical Hebrew to tread, stamp, pile up. ʿUktsin 1, 5 stalks of eatable plants (straw etc.) שבְּסָסָן בגרן which the owner packed in the barn; Sukkah 14ᵃ מאי בססן what does this b’sasan mean? R. … says ב׳ ממש he really stamped them (threshed); R. … says התיר אגדן he untied them (for the purpose of piling the stalks closer by treading upon them). [Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Haḥod. p. 45ᵃ; Pesikta Rabbati section 15 היו בוססות, read with Bamidbar Rabbah section 11 כּוֹסְסוֹת, see כָּסַס.] Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיסֵּס (denominative of בָּסִיס) to establish firmly, to found, to put on a secure basis. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 9 ומי ב׳ העולם and who gave the world a firm basis?; (ibid. 7, 1; Ruth. R. beginning; Pesikta Rabbati section 21 ביסם, בישם correct accordingly).—participle passive מְבוּסָּס firmly established. Bamidbar Rabbah section 15; Tanchuma B’haal. 11 כסאו מב׳ למעלן (not מבוסם) His throne is firmly established above, when Israel etc. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְבַּסֵּס to be firmly established, to rest safely. Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 after the Sanctuary was erected נתב׳ העולם the world became firm. the same place (ibid.) as soon as they made a third leg for the table (see טרסקל), נתב׳ it stood firm; Tanchuma T’rum. 9. Bereshith Rabbah section 66 נתבשם העולם (correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 811. ↗ original

בְּסַס participle passive בְּסִיס based, firm. Targum Song of Songs 5, 15. Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּסֵּיס as the preceding Pi'el Targum 2 Chronicles 3, 3. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְבַּסֵּס as the preceding Nithpa'el Targum Song of Songs 2, 5 (not אתבסם). ↗ original

בְּסָסִית , see בְּסִיסִית ↗ original

בָּסַר 1 (√בס, see בסס) to tread upon; in a transferred sense (see בעט) to contemn (with על); to be overbearing (with ב). Shemoth Rabbah section 42, end כך היתה בוֹסֶרֶת עלי so did she slight me. Shemoth Rabbah section 3 beginning; section 45 בּוֹסֵר הוא על וכ׳ he will treat his prophetic mission lightly. Tanchuma Ekeb 1 בָּסַרְתִּי בהן have I become overbearing because I observed thy commands? (Tanchuma edition Buber edition 2 כפרתי, see note ad loc. (on the passage)). the same place (ibid.) Mikkets 10 לא תהא בוסר בשעת וכ׳ be not haughty in happiness, so as to refuse to pray. the same place (ibid.) (edition Buber edition) Emor 29 בוסר עליהן; Tanchuma the same place (ibid.) 20 (some edition בוחר, correct accordingly) thinks lightly of them.—participle passive בָּסוּר, fem. בְּסוּרָה contemptible. Tanchuma Sh’moth 11. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיסֵּר same. Shemoth Rabbah section 1 וב׳ עליה (some edition וכופר) and he despised it (idolatry). Tanchuma Ekeb 1 some edition ביסרתי, see above. ↗ original

בְּסַר Targum Psalms 69, 34; and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּסֵּיר, בַּסַּר same. Targum Onkelos Numbers 15, 31 edition Berlin edition; and frequently; [in edition sometimes בשר].—Targum I Samuel 11, 12 מבסר למימר spoke sneeringly.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᶜ bottom of the page בר נש דאימיה מְבַסְּרָא ליה one whom his mother (Palestine) despises and his stepmother (Babylon) honors; see אֵם. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 19ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 6, 40ᵃ בעא מבסרתהון (מבסרתון; read מבסר בהון) he wanted to despise them (reject their authority). ↗ original

בָּסַר 2 (√בס, see בסם) to begin to boil, to be in the first stage of ripening; see next word—Denom. בּוֹסֶר, בְּסוֹרָה.—Transferred (see בָּשַׂר) to be glad. Bereshith Rabbah section 34 end (play on לב בשר, Ezek. 36, 26), [read as] Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 61 לב בוסר בחלקו של חבירו a heart rejoicing in the good fortune of his neighbor.—5. בָּשַׂר. ↗ original

בְּסַר ² participle בְּסִיר masculine, בְּסִירָא feminine, plural בְּסִירָן in the early stage of ripening. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 9, 34 סערייא … בסירן Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition סרתא … כסידא, כסירא, read בסירא; Hebrew text אביב). to be cheerful; see בְּשַׂר. ↗ original

בְּסַר 3 flesh, see בְּשַׂר, בִּשְׂרָא. ↗ original

בסרייא , Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod. p. 154ᵇ, read קיסרייא. ↗ original

בַּסְרָנוּתָא (בסר 1) contempt. Targum Job 12, 21; and elsewhere ↗ original

בִּסְתְּקָא (reduplic. of בסק = בזק; compare Mand. עסקא = עזקא, Nöld. Mand. Gr. p. 62; Syriac (Peshitta) ביסתא = ביזתא, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 520) jug, pitcher; compare בָּזָךְ. Chullin 49ᵇ ↗ original

בִּסְתַּרְקָא , see בִּיסְ׳ ↗ original

בְּעָא , see בעי ↗ original

בָּעָאתָא , see בַּעֲתָא ↗ original

בִּעְבּוּעַ (see next word) casting bubbles, bulging, bulge. Mikvaoth 10, 4 (of garments dipped in water until they are soaked through) וינוחו מבִּעְבּוּעָן and cease from bulging. T’bul Yom 2, 8 ב׳ שבחבית (an imperfection in an earthen jug) a protuberance ↗ original

בִּעְבֵּעַ (Pilp. of בּוּעַ; compare בִּצְבֵּץ) to cast bubbles, to form protuberances, to bulge. Mikvaoth 10, 4 עד שיְבַעְבְּעוּ until they (the garments dipped in water) form bulges; see the preceding Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 157; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 18, 3 (read:) שהיה שמן המשחה מְבַעְבֵּעַ ויורד עליו the oil of anointment came bubbling down upon him. to struggle in the water, swim. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 13, 14ᵇ top of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, 19ᵃ top of the page תינוק מב׳ וכ׳ a child struggling in the river. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, 41ᵃ התחיל מב׳ וכ׳ commenced casting up bubbles from under the ship (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 38ᵃ מבצבצת). ↗ original

*בַּעְבַּע (see בעי) to ask entrance, knock at the door. Vayikra Rabbah section 21; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Aḥare, p. 177ᵃ הוה מבעבע used to knock. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) reads כעכע, quoting Vayikra Rabbah the passage cited also for a Hebrew verb לכעכע; Rashb. to Pesachim 112ᵃ quotes נענע.] ↗ original

בעד (Arab.) to keep off. Imper. 4 אַבְעִד. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 1 (referring to מבעד the same place (ibid.)) ל׳ ערבי וכ׳ it is Arabic; if one desires to say to one, Make room for me (or, Let me alone), he says אבעד לי (some edition מבעד). ↗ original

בָּעָה , see בעי ↗ original

בָּעוּ (בעי) prayer. Targum Jeremiah 7, 16. Targum 2 Samuel 7, 20; and frequently—בְּבָעוּ (in prayer) I pray (Hebrew בִּי, נָא). Targum Genesis 19, 7. the same place (ibid.) 44, 18; and very frequently [Targum Psalms 43, 4, see בּוּעֲתָא 2.] ↗ original

בְּעוֹד , see עוֹד ↗ original

בְּעוֹט (בְּעַט) treading grapes, or trodden grapes. Targum Isaiah 10, 33; Targum Joel 4, 13 (edition בָּעוּט); Targum Isaiah 63, 3 בִּיעוּט. a kick with the foot. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᵈ bottom of the page יהב ליה חד ב׳ וכ׳ he gave him one kick and killed him; Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 חד בעיטא ברגליה. ↗ original

בָּעוּר (בער) torch, fire (Hebrew לַפִּיד). Targum Onkelos Genesis 15, 17 (Yerushalmi (prefix) מבעיר); and elsewhere—plural בָּעוּרִין, בְּעוּרַיָּא. Targum Nahum, Book of 2, 5 בְּעוּ׳ (edition Vienna edition). Targum Job 41, 11; and elsewhere—Bava Metzia 85ᵇ ב׳ דאשא (Munich manuscript דנור). ↗ original

בָּעוּתָא , see בָּ֗עוּ. ↗ original

בָּעַט 1 (√בע, see בוע) to swell, bulge. Middoth 3, 8 שלא יִבְעֲטוּ marginal version (or יִבָּעֲטוּ Nif'al; text יבעט singular) that the walls should not bulge. ↗ original

בָּעַט 2 to trample, strike, kick. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 8, 45ᵇ top בְּעָטָתוֹ פרדה a mule kicked him. Shemoth Rabbah section 30 ב׳ בפילקי knocked against the prison door (burst it open). Avodah Zarah 4, 8 גת בְּעוּטָה a wine press packed with stamped grapes.—Transferred (with ב) to resist, reject. Shabbath 104ᵃ, see אח"ס. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיעֵט same. Bava Kamma 2, 1. היתה מְבָעֶטֶת if the animal kicked. Berachoth 32ᵃ; and elsewhere—Transferred to kick against, rebel, be contumacious. Sotah 22ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 14ᵇ bottom of the page, and elsewhere מְבָעֵט בייסורין bearing suffering with contumacy (instead of showing repentance). Pesikta Rabbati section 47; Yalkut Shimoni Job 908 התחיל מב׳ (supply (understood word) בייסורין) began to be contumacious (challenging the Lord). ↗ original

בְּעַט Targum Hosea 4, 16; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 11ᵃ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 3, 47ᶜ ב׳ ביה rejected his authority. Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּעֵט, בַּעֵיט to tread (grapes). Targum Lamentations 1, 15. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּעִיט to be trodden. Targum Joel 4, 13; Targum Isaiah 63, 3; and elsewhere ↗ original

בַּעֲטָן (the preceding) habitual kicker, butting. Bava Metzia 80ᵃ; Tosefta Bava Bathra 4, 6. ↗ original

בעי א, a) to enter into, split; b) to be empty, bare). participle בּוֹעֶה, see below. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְעָה to lay bare, destroy the crop. Bava Kamma 1, 1 המַבְעֶה damaging the crop (referring to Exodus 22, 4). the same place (ibid.) 3ᵇ Rab says מבעה זה אדם the damaging force in the Mishnah means that of a human being (ransacking, searching); for we read (Isaiah 21, 12) אם תבעיון בעיו if ye desire to enter etc. (where בעה refers to human action); Samuel says, מבעה זה השן the mabeh of the Mishnah refers to the tooth, i.e. to an animal’s eating up the crop, for it says (Obadiah, Book of 1, 6) נבעו מצפניו its hidden treasures were laid bare (made empty,—which refers to eating up). the same place (ibid.) (argument against Samuel) מי קתני נִבְעָה the Mishnah does not use the Nifal (which may mean eaten up); (argument against Rab) מי קתני בּוֹעֶה the Mishnah does not use the Kal (which may refer to human action) but the Hifil “to cause damage”—through the animal.—Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 9, 1. ↗ original

בְּעֵי 1 (see the preceding; compare בין) to search, inquire, ask, examine. Targum Judges 6, 29 (Hebrew text בקש); and frequently—Berachoth 2ᵇ ובעו לה מבעיא האי וכ׳ and put it as a question (not as an argument), Does this uba hash-shemesh mean etc.? (opposed to preceding וממאי דהאי וכ׳ how can it be proven that etc.). Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 1, 57ᵇ רבנן … בעיין the Rabbis of … asked. Bava Kamma 33ᵃ בעא … מרב וכ׳ R. asked R. N.; and very frequently to ask, pray, frequ. ב׳ רחמין to ask for mercy, pray. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 12, 13; and frequently—Berachoth 8ᵃ לבעי אינש רחמי man should pray etc., see זיבולא. the same place (ibid.) 10ᵃ בְּעִי רחמי עלויהו וכ׳ pray thou for them that they may repent; and frequently to ask, want, desire; to require. Targum Exodus 2, 15; and frequently—Pesachim 9ᵃ ובָעֵי בדיקה and it (the house) requires searching over again. Kethuboth 39ᵇ לא בעינא לך I do not want thee. Bava Kamma 102ᵇ לא יקרייכו בעינא וכ׳ I want neither your honor nor your disrespect; and frequently—Pesachim 2ᵃ בעו שבוחי must give praise.—אי בעית אימא, usually איבעית אימא, see אִיבָּעִית. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 12, 13ᵃ top בְּעֵא תתן לנו, please, give us.] (elliptically) to beg leave to say; to remark, assert. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᵇ top of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 2, beginning 16ᵈ; and frequently Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּעִי to be searched for, to be wanted. Targum Jeremiah 50, 20; and frequently to be urged, hurried. Targum I Samuel 23, 26. Targum 2 Samuel 4, 4 בְּאִתְבָּעֲיוּתָהּ when she was hurried; see בְּעַע. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיבָּעֵי to be asked. Pesachim 4ᵇ, and very frequently אִיבָּעְיָא להו it was asked by them (the scholars), i.e. the argument came up. to be required; it ought to. the same place (ibid.) 7ᵇ יצא בו מיבעי ליה it ought to read yatsa bo (he has done his duty). the same place (ibid.) 15ᵃ מדבריו מ׳ ליה it ought to be midd’barav (not middibrehem); and frequently—Bava Kamma 21ᵇ א׳ ליה לאסוקי דעתא he ought to have borne in mind; and frequently—לא מיבעיא there is no question. לא מ׳ … אלא אפילו there is no question as to …, but even …; not only … but. Pesachim 4ᵇ לא מ׳ באתרא … אלא וכ׳ not only in a place where they pay no wages for searching, but do it themselves, (is there no cause for withdrawing from the agreement,) because a man likes to perform a religious duty: but even in a place where they pay wages, (there is no cause etc.,) for a man likes etc. Bava Kamma 54ᵇ לא מ׳ קאמר לא מ׳ שור וכ׳ the Mishnah states a case of ‘not only’; not only for an ox … is he responsible, but even etc.; and very frequently—מִיבָּעְיָא is there any question?; see הַשְׁתָּא. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַבְעֵי to let burst forth, see יְעָא a. נְבַע. ↗ original

בְּעֵי 2 (see בעי, בָּעָה)to open wide (the mouth), to yawn (of leopards). Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 נמרין בעיין. ↗ original

בַּעְיָא (the preceding) yawn, gap. Constr. בְּעֵי. ב׳ לבא greed. Targum Proverbs 21, 4 (Hebrew text רחב לב). (בעי 1) question. plural בַּעְיֵי. Sanhedrin 106ᵇ ד׳ מאות ב׳ four hundred questions. the same place (ibid.) רבותא למבעי ב׳ is there any greatness in asking questions? ↗ original

*בָּעְיָא (מעין) proper noun of a male person Baya (Mayan), name of a publican. Sanhedrin 44ᵇ ב׳ מוכסא (not מיכ׳); Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ מ׳ מיכס. ↗ original

בָּעְיָיא (participle of בעי) desirous. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᵇ bottom of the page אנא ב׳ וכ׳ I want to see what I can do to relieve him.—plural masculine בָּעְיֵי. the same place (ibid.)ᵃ top אימת דאתון בעיי הוא בָעֵי whenever ye are desirous (that he should come), he is willing to. ↗ original

בֵּעַיָּיא , see בֵּיעָא ↗ original

בְּעֵיט , see בְּעַט ↗ original

בְּעִיטָא , see בְּעוֹט ↗ original

בְּעִיטָה (בעט) kicking. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 1, beginning 2ᵃ (of animals). Babylonian Bava Kamma 27ᵇ לב׳ חמש for kicking with one’s foot etc. beating (with one’s fist). Menachoth 6, 5 (76ᵃ) שיפה וב׳ בחטין rubbing and beating refer to the preparation of the wheat of the meat-offering (prior to grinding); R. Yerushalmi (prefix) says בבצק (Mishnah אף incorr.) beating refers to the dough. the same place (ibid.) the same place (ibid.) variant reading שיפה בחיטים וב׳ בבצק; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 14. ↗ original

בְּעֵיל , see בְּעַל a. בַּעֲלָא. ↗ original

בְּעִילָה (בָּעַל) sexual intercourse. Kethuboth 3ᵃ שויוה רבנן לבְעִילָתוֹ בְּעִילַת זנות the Rabbis (in this case) have declared his coition (by which he wanted to establish marriage), a mere act of prostitution (annulled his marriage). the same place (ibid.) 73ᵃ, and elsewhere אין אדם עושה בעילתו בעילת זנות the presumption is that nobody wants to make his intercourse with a woman one of prostitution (but wants to make her his wife thereby).—the same place (ibid.) 4ᵃ בעילת מצוה the marital duty, i.e. first coition; frequ. ב׳ ראשונה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Makkoth 2, 31ᵈ; and frequently—plural בְּעִילוֹת. Shabbath 72ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original

בְּעִיץ 1 masculine, see בַּעֲצָא ↗ original

*בְּעִיץ 2 (participle passive of a verb בעץ, denominative of בעצא) tinned, wrapt in tin-foil. Targum Jeremiah 32, 11 (a. 14, in some edition) כתיב ב׳ וחתים written, wrapt in tinfoil and tied up (see חתם) with a seal, opposite to שטרא פתיחא. ↗ original

בְּעֵיר , see בְּעַר ↗ original

בְּעִיר common gender (Biblical Hebrew בְּעִיר; בער; compare also בָּעָה) grazing animal, cattle. Targum Genesis 1, 24 and the following; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 2, 8ᶜ bottom of the page; Vayikra Rabbah section 27, and elsewhere ב׳ דקיקא small cattle; see בְּהֵמָה.—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 93ᵃ אתקן לי ב׳ get an animal ready for me (for travel). Sanhedrin 105ᵃ (in Hebr. dict., play on בְּעוֹר). ↗ original

בְּעֵית , see בְּעֵת ↗ original

בָּעַל , see בָּעָה, to enter into, take possession) [in Biblical Hebrew to be master, protect;] to have sexual intercourse (both legal or illicit), to embrace a woman. Kiddushin 9ᵇ וּבְעָלָהּ מלמד וכ׳ ‘and he embraced her’ (Deuteronomy 24, 1), this intimates that woman can be acquired as wife by intercourse, see בִּיאָה.—בּוֹעֵל lover, adulterer, contradistinguished to בַּעַל husband. Sotah 5, 1, and frequently כשם שאסורה לַבַּעַל … לַבּוֹעֵל as well as the woman suspected of adultery is forbidden to her husband (who must separate himself from her), so is she forbidden to the lover (who cannot marry her after leaving her husband). Yevamoth 103ᵃ שבע בעילות ב׳ וכ׳ that wicked man had seven sexual connections etc.; and frequently—participle passive feminine בְּעוּלָה one no longer a virgin, opposite to בתולה; married woman, opposite to ארוסה, see אָרַס. Kethuboth 10ᵇ; and frequently—plural בְּעוּלוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 58ᵇ bottom of the page; and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נִבְעֲלָה she had intercourse. Kethuboth 5ᵃ נישאת … ונִבְעֶלֶת וכ׳ is married on the fourth day and embraced in the night of the fifth day of the week. the same place (ibid.) 3ᵇ תִּיבָּעֵל לטפסר וכ׳ must first be surrendered to the (Roman) officer (jus primæ noctis); and frequently—Masc. נִבְעַל (of the hermaphrodite). Tosefta Bikkurim 2, 5; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 8, 9ᵈ bottom of the page ↗ original

בְּעַל Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 21, 13; and frequently—Kethuboth 6ᵇ דבעי למִיבְעַל because he is anxious to perform his marital duty. the same place (ibid.) דטריד דלא בעיל he is excited because he has not etc.; and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּעֵל , participle passive feminine מְבַעֲלָא married, having had intercourse. Targum Ruth 1, 12; and elsewhere Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיבְּעֲלָא as the preceding Nif'al Yoma 19ᵇ ואִבְּעוּל כמה וכ׳, (Munich manuscript ואיבעיל) and how many virgins have been seduced (to-day) in Nahardea! ↗ original

בַּעַל the preceding) husband. Kiddushin 1, 1 and she becomes her own master בגט ובמיתת הב׳ through a letter of divorce or on the husband’s death; and very frequently the idol Baal. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 43ᵃ bottom of the page ב׳ ראש גוייה הוה וכ׳ the Baal was the phallus and had the shape of a bean [read וכאפון]. [the fructifier,] rain (see Taanith 6ᵇ; compare Isaiah 55, 10). בֵּית בַּ׳ a field sufficiently watered by rain and requiring no artificial irrigation. Tosefta Moed Katan 1, 1 שדה (בית) הב׳. Bava Bathra 3, 1. Tosefta Sukkah 2, 7 ערבה של ב׳ (supply (understood word) בית) a willow in a naturally watered field. the same place (ibid.) Shevi'ith 2, 4 בשל ב׳ (= בשדה של ב׳), opposite של שוקי. Bamidbar Rabbah section 16 the Egyptian gods של שקר הם (read שקי) are gods of artificial drainage, but those of Canaan של ב׳ הם are gods of rain; (Tanchuma Sh’laḥ 13, through misunderstanding, שקר … בעליכח. (mostly in compounds) owner of, master of, possessed of, given to etc.; e.g. ב׳ אבידה owner of a lost object; ב׳ אגדה master of Agadah, lecturer; ב׳ דין opponent in court; see below. Pesachim 86ᵇ ב׳ השם אני I am so named.—plural בְּעָלִים, בְּעָלִין owners; mostly as singular owner. Bava Metzia 8, 1; and frequently [Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 3, 23ᵇ bottom of the page לבלעין, read לבעלין.] Compounds: . ב׳ מחשבות He who knows man’s thoughts. Sanhedrin 19ᵇ.—the same place (ibid.) בעלי מ׳ those entertaining considerations (of fear), hesitating to do justice.—ב׳ שיבה gray-haired. Nedarim 3, 8.—ב׳ תשובה repentant sinner. Sukkah 53ᵃ; and frequently—ב׳ תשובות a man of many objections or excuses. Bereshith Rabbah section 20 beginning—[For other compounds, not self-evident, see the respective determinants.] ↗ original

בַּעֲלָא , construct state בְּעֵיל, בְּעַל Chaldaic (Aramaic) same. husband. Targum Onkelos Exodus 21, 3; and frequently—Taanith 6ᵇ מטרא ב׳ וכ׳ the rain is the husband (fructifier) of the field; see the preceding 3). Baal. Targum Judges 6, 25; and elsewhere—plural בַּעֲלַיָּא. the same place (ibid.) 2, 11; and frequently ↗ original

בַּעֲלָה (the preceding) mistress, owner etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 52 (rendering בְּעֻלַת, Genesis 20, 3, as though בּעֲלַת) מרתא דבעלה her husband’s mistress.—Compounds are mostly self-evident, e.g. בעלת הגט the woman receiving the letter of divorce;—ב׳ איברים an animal of large build. Berachoth 32ᵃ; see בַּעַל. ↗ original

בְּעַע (see בָּעָה; compare בהל) to be excited. —Af. אַבַּע to hurry. Targum I Kings 22, 9 א׳ מיכיה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition תבע, Hebrew text מהרה) bring … quickly. Targum Ezek. 24, 5.—participle passive מַבַּע, (מִבְ׳) מַבְּעָא quick. Targum Deuteronomy 32, 35.—plural מַבְּעִין. Targum Numbers 32, 17. Ittaf. הֻפְעַל אִתַּבַּע to be in a hurry, be anxious. Targum Psalms 31, 23 באִתַּבָּעוּתִי manuscript (edition באִתְבָּעוּתִי). Targum 2 Kings 7, 15; Targum 2 Samuel 4, 4, see בְּעֵי I. ↗ original

*בְּעַץ (dialectic for (dialectic for בְּעַט) to tread. Targum Psalms 91, 13 תבעוץ some edition (other תבעוט). to wrap in tin, see בְּעִיץ. ↗ original

בַּעַץ (compare בּוּץ, see עבץ a. אבצא)tin, plumbum album. Kelim 30, 3 עשאו בין בב׳ if he mended it either with etc. Bava Bathra 89ᵇ (different interpretation or differently interpreted frequently אבר, a. גיסטרא, cassiterum, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Plumbum). Menachoth 28ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original

בַּעֲצָא Targum Ezek. 22, 18. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 31, 22 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Levita (edition קסיטרא, O. אבצא). ↗ original

בָּעַר , see בָּעָה; compare בָּאֵר) [to clear,] to burn (active a. neut.). Shemoth Rabbah section 2 אש בּוֹעֶרֶת burning fire. the same place (ibid.) כשם שהסנה בּוֹעֵר וכ׳ as the bush is burning etc. [Bamidbar Rabbah section 9, end לבוערים בע"ז, read לבוסרים, see בָּסַר I, variant reading לכיפרים.] to be empty. Denom. בַּעַר. to eat up. Denom. בְּעִיר. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיעֵר to clear, remove (out of existence or out of possession). Pesachim 6ᵃ זקוק לבָעֵר is bound to remove (the leaven by burning or otherwise); and frequently—Shevi'ith 7, 7 חייב לב׳ is bound to remove (dispose of the fruits of the Sabbath year in due time). [Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 (p. 230ᵇ edition Amsterdam edition) מבערים את העון, read with Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 708, Sifré Numbers 11 מערערין; other version מבררין, see בָּרַר.] to clear, eat up. Bava Kamma 2ᵇ וּבִעֵר זו השן ‘and it clears’ (Exodus 22, 4) this refers to injury by the tooth (animal’s eating). [ (Biblical Hebrew) to start a fire, enkindle. 5. בְּעֵרָה.] Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְעִיר to start or entertain a fire, to clear a field. Shabbath 20ᵃ (referring to לא תבערו וכ׳ Exodus 35, 3) בכל … אי אתה מַבְעִיר ‘in all your dwellings’ thou art not permitted to start a fire; see הַבְעָרָה. Bava Kamma 60ᵇ הַבְּעֵרָה שהִבְעַרְתִּי the fire which I set (to Zion). the same place (ibid.) 55ᵇ (referring to Exodus the passage cited 5) עד דעביד כעין מבעיר only when he acts like the one setting fire (to clear the field, i.e. criminal negligence); and elsewhere Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּבְעָר to be rekindled, to burn again. Shabbath 37ᵃ; 37ᵇ ↗ original

בְּעַר 1 to burn. Targum Onkelos Exodus 3, 2 בָּעַר edition Berlin edition (other edition בָּעֵר, Part). Targum Isaiah 62, 1. Targum Psalms 18, 9; and frequently to remove; to dispose of. Pesachim 5ᵇ בְּעִירוּ חמירא וכ׳ dispose ye of the leavened bread of the (gentile) soldiers (deposited with you). Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּעֵר to enkindle, ignite. Targum Exodus 35, 3. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 6, 5 (manuscripts a. some edition יַבְעֵר Af'el). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַבְעֵר same. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 6, 5 (see above). *Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 15, 17 מַבְעִיר שביבין. ↗ original

*בְּעַר 2 (compare בְּעֵי 2) to open the mouth wide, to low (of oxen; compare פער). Targum 2 Eth. 1, 2 בוערין (some edit. געיין). ↗ original

בְּעֵרָה fire, conflagration. Bava Kamma 6, 4 השולח את הב׳ ביד וכ׳ he who sends out a deaf and dumb, an idiot or a minor with burning materials (live coal etc.) thus causing or ordering a conflagration. the same place (ibid.) השולח את הב׳ he who starts a fire (himself). the same place (ibid.) 60ᵇ, see בָּעַר. ↗ original

בְּעַשׁ = בְּאַשׁ to displease (in Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 15, 10 (edition Vienna edition באש). the same place (ibid.) 28, 54 תַּבְעַשׁ (read תִּבְעַשׁ); 56. ↗ original

בָּעַת ; interch. with בָּהַת which see) to startle. [Not used in Kal.] Nif'al נִפְעַל נִבְעַת to be startled, frightened, confounded. Bamidbar Rabbah section 18; Tanchuma Korah 6 נזדעזע אהרן ונ׳ Aaron trembled and was alarmed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 1, beginning Babylonian edition נִבָּעֵית, see בָּהַת. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְעִית to frighten, bewilder. Yoma 5, 1 (52ᵇ) שלא להַבְעִית וכ׳ in order not to alarm the people (by a long delay). the same place (ibid.) 39ᵇ למה אתה מבעית עצמך why wilt thou be the alarmer thyself (predicting thine own destruction; Munich manuscript a. Yalkut Shimoni Zechariah 578 את עצמך, incorr.; manuscript Oxf. בעצמך; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 43ᶜ bottom of the page מבהלינו, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְבָּעֵת to be agitated, excited. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵇ top שהוא מִתְבָּעֵת for he is excited. ↗ original

בְּעֵת (see the preceding) to be excited. Niddah 66ᵇ משום דבעיתא because she is excited (afraid of falling down). Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּעֵית, בַּעֵת to frighten. Targum Psalms 18, 5 (manuscript בְּעֵיתַת Pe.).—Kethuboth 77ᵇ דילמא מְבַעֲתַת לי lest thou frighten me. Chullin 53ᵃ and the following בַּעוּתֵי קא מְבַעֲתֵי אהדדי they frighten each other. Niddah 66ᵃ זיל בַּעֲתָהּ go and frighten her (by a sudden noise). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּעֵית, אִיבְּעֵית to be afraid; to be agitated, anxious, in haste (compare Biblical Hebrew חָרַד). Targum I Samuel 21, 2. Targum Isaiah 22, 4. Targum 2 Kings 7, 15 באִתְבְּעָתוּתְהוֹן Regia (edition באתבעותהון); see בְּעַע a. בְּעֵי I. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ bottom of the page והוא מתבעת and he is afraid (to touch the wine).—Megillah 3ᵃ האי מאן דמִיבְּעִית when one is suddenly seized with fright. the same place (ibid.) איבעיתו. Kethuboth 106ᵃ הוה מיבעית ליה בעותי he ran anxiously to meet him; compare Targum I Samuel the passage cited; and frequently ↗ original

בַּעֲתָא 1 (the preceding) terror.—plural בַּעֲתַיָּא. Targum Psalms 88, 17, see בִּיעוּתָא. ↗ original

בַּעֲתָא 2 (בעע) urging, stimulation. Targum Proverbs 13, 1; and elsewhere (Hebrew text גערה).—the same place (ibid.) 17, 10 some edition בָּעָאתָא. ↗ original

בפה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 72ᵃ top, see כִּיפָה ↗ original

בְּצָא (√בץ = בק, בע; compare בצע) [to split, break through;] (compare בְּעֵי I) to search, ransack. Targum Proverbs 2, 4 (edition Vilna edition תצביה, read תבציה). the same place (ibid.) 25, 27. the same place (ibid.) 20, 27 (variant reading בעיא).—participle בָּצֵי בָּאצֵי. the same place (ibid.) 25, 2. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּצֵי , contracted אִיבְּצֵי to be searched, found out. the same place (ibid.) 3. the same place (ibid.) 28, 12 מִבְּצֵי. ↗ original

בִּצָּא (= Hebrew בִּיצָּה) swamp, pond. Targum Job 8, 11 (variant reading כיסנא). Targum Psalms 69, 3 בוצא דמצולתא manuscript (edition מיא).—plural בִּצִּין, בִּצַּיָּא, בִּי׳. Targum Isaiah 14, 23. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 8, 1 (edition Vienna edition בֵּיצַיָּא). Targum Ezek. 47, 11. ↗ original

בִּצְבּוּץ hemp, see בִּטְבּוּט. ↗ original

בִּצְבֵּץ (Pilp. of בוץ or בצץ; see בְּצָא) to break through, bubble forth, burst forth. Sotah 11ᵇ; Shemoth Rabbah section 1 היו מְבַצְבְּצִין וכ׳ they burst forth and came out of the ground. Kethuboth 111ᵇ the righteous (dead) שמבצבצין וכ׳ will break through (the ground) and rise in Jerusalem.—Pesachim 13ᵃ היה חמץ מב׳ the leavened bread crumbled through the bag. Bamidbar Rabbah section 18, end; Gittin 56ᵇ דם מב׳ ויוצא blood bubbled forth. Chullin 56ᵃ אם מב׳ if the brains bubble through the hole in the scull. ↗ original

בַּצְבֵּץ Chullin 46ᵇ אי מבצבצא if the lungs (on being put in water, or water being put on the diseased spot) cast bubbles when blown up. ↗ original

בֵּצָה , see בֵּיצָה ↗ original

בִּצָּה ; compare בִּצְעָה, a. בִּצְאֹת Ezek. Ezek. 47, 11) channel, marsh, pond.— plural בִּצִּים, בִּי׳. Parah 8, 10. Tosefta Mikvaoth 1, 14. Sanhedrin 5ᵇ a teacher spoke of מי בֵיצִים the liquid of eggs, and the students understood בִּצִּים Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Manuscript Florence ביצים, edition בצעים, see בִּצְעָה). 5. בִּיצִּית. ↗ original

בְּצוֹצְטְרָא feminine, plural בְּצוֹצְטְרָאוֹת (reduplic. of בצר) = גִּיזְרָה a. גְּזוּזְטְרָא; compare בְּצוֹרְתָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 3, end, 14ᵇ (for which Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 17 גזוזטראות). 5. next word ↗ original

בְּצוֹצְרָה (reduplic. of בצר; compare חצוצרה) a compartment surrounded with bars, balustrade, balcony. Middoth 2, 5 והקיפוה ב׳ וכ׳ and they surrounded the cell (לשכה) with a balcony so that the women could sit above, while the men were seated beneath it; [Sukkah 51ᵇ גזוזטרא, Munich manuscript גזוזטראות; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 1 שלש גז׳]. [The variations כצוצרא, כצוצטרא etc., see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim to Shabbath 96ᵃ, Eruvin 78ᵇ notes, a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word גזוזטרא, are clerical errors induced by assonance with the synonymous גזוזטרא. Ἔξώστρα as balcony, for Hebrew עליה, Symm. 2 Kings 1, 2, is itself an adaptation of גזוזטרא.] ↗ original

בְּצוֹצְרִיּוֹת (בצר, see the preceding) engines of siege or defence (see אָהֳלִית). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Haḥod. p. 47ᵃ; Shub. p. 163ᵇ (for variant reading Lect., see Buber edition notes ad loc. (on the passage)); Pesikta Rabbati section 15. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 2, end שמא אהליות וב׳ אני צריך do I need camps and engines (for demolishing the world)?; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 623 צוצריות (correct accordingly). 5. קַסְטְרִיּוֹת. ↗ original

בַּצּוֹרֶת scarcity of provision, dearth. Avoth 5, 8 רעב של ב׳ וכ׳ a famine in consequence of high prices, when some are hungry, others are satisfied, רעב של מהומה ושל ב׳ a famine through political disturbances and through dearth. Bereshith Rabbah section 33 שנת ב׳ a year of dearth. Taanith 3, 1 מכת ב׳, explained the same place (ibid.) 19ᵇ מכה המביאה לידי ב׳ a calamity which will produce dearth (want of rain in season). ↗ original

בַּצּוֹרְתָא Targum Jeremiah 17, 8 (edition Vilna edition בְּצוּרְתָא); and frequently—Taanith 19ᵃ; 19ᵇ נהרא אנהרא ב׳ וכ׳ when provision has to be imported on rivers (canals), it is called ב׳, when from one country to another it is called כפנא. Kethuboth 97ᵃ.—plural בַּצּוֹרָתָא. Targum Jeremiah 14, 1 (some edition בּוּצְרָתָא). ↗ original

בְּצוּרְתָא = Hebrew גִּזְרָה, balcony (see בְּצוֹצְרָה). Targum Ezek. 41, 13 and the following; and frequently— ↗ original

בֵּצִים , see בֵּיצָה ↗ original

בִּצִּים , see בִּצָּה ↗ original

בָּצִיר 1 vintage, harvesting. Peah 7, 7; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 3, 14ᵃ top ג׳ שנים … ב׳ וכ׳ three undisturbed grain crops, three grape harvests etc.; see Babylonian Bava Bathra 36ᵇ. see בְּצִירָה. ↗ original

בָּצִיר 2 Chaldaic (Aramaic) masculine (בצר) diminished, small; (adverb) less, least. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 1, 16; and elsewhere—Sanhedrin 108ᵇ. Bava Metzia 21ᵇ ב׳ מהכי less than this; and frequently—5. בִּיצִירְתָּא. ↗ original

בְּצִיר to be less, see בְּצַר. ↗ original

בַּצִּירָא , see בְּצַר, end. ↗ original

בְּצִירָה = בָּצִיר I. Shabbath 17ᵃ בשעת הב׳ when they are cut; and frequently—plural בְּצִירוֹת. Bava Bathra 36ᵇ עד שיבצור ג׳ ב׳, see בָּצִיר. ↗ original

בְּצִירְתָּא , see בְּצוּרְתָא ↗ original

בְּצַל (√בץ, compare פצל) to peel; to split, branch off. Echah Rabbah introduction; Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 7 (interpret. אם הדרך Ezek. 21, 26) (אם) אמה דבצלית an arm which branches off (direction post on the cross-road). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיבְּצִיל (denominative of בָּצְלָא) to grow bulbous. Eruvin 29ᵇ top אי׳ זירתא (edition Pesaro a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) אפציל, variant reading אבציל) the bulb has grown to the length of a span. ↗ original

בָּצֵל see the preceding) onion. Niddah 17ᵃ; and frequently—Maasroth 5, 7 (8) ב׳ של רכפה, explained in Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 52ᵃ ‘the stalk of which is pressed inward’; other opinion ‘which has no acerbity’, see אֶרֶס.—plural בְּצָלִים. Shevi'ith 2, 9 הב׳ הסריסים which produce no seeds. the same place (ibid.) 5, 4 ב׳ הקיצונים summer onions; and frequently—ʿUktsin 2, 8 עלי ב׳ ובני ב׳ the leek-like sprouts, and the central sprouts of onions. Bereshith Rabbah section 82 (referring to Obadiah, Book of 1, 6) קליפת ב׳ (not בצליא) like peeling onions (laying bare Esau’s shame). ↗ original

בָּצְלָא , see בּוּצְלָא ↗ original

בְּצַלְאֵל (Biblical Hebrew) Bezaleel; the artificer of the Tabernacle. Berachoth 55ᵃ. Shemoth Rabbah section 48; and frequently R. B., an Amora. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 11 ר׳ ברכיה בשם ר׳ ב׳ (Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 בצלה; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 4ᵇ לוי; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 369 only בשם ר׳). ↗ original

בצלה , see the preceding ↗ original

בְּצָלִים Ăle B’tsalim (Onion Leaves). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page Miriam, the daughter of A. B. (probably a nickname). ↗ original

בְּצַלְצוּל (diminutive of בָּצֵל) dwarf-onion, (pallacana). Kilayim 1, 3; see Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 27ᵃ. [Maimonides: desert onion.] ↗ original

בָּצַע to cut, break, especially to break bread and say the blessing. Chullin 7ᵇ מימיו לא ב׳ על וכ׳ never said grace over a piece of bread which was not his own (never accepted an invitation). Berachoth 46ᵃ בע"הב בּוֹצֵעַ וכ׳ the host breaks the bread and the guest says grace after meal. the same place (ibid.) 47ᵃ אין הבוצע רשאי לִבְצוֹעַ וכ׳ he who is chosen to break the bread, must not begin to break until the Amen of those that respond (to the blessing) is finished; and frequently to split the difference, to adjust, compromise. Sanhedrin 6ᵇ top נגמר … לבצוע after the legal proceedings are closed, thou must not act as an arbiter in a compromise. the same place (ibid.) אסור לב׳ the court is forbidden to attempt a settlement (you must let the law take its course). the same place (ibid.) מצוה לב׳ it is a meritorious act to bring about a settlement. the same place (ibid.) (before having formed an opinion the judge may say) צאו ובִצְעוּ go out and settle; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּצַּע to adjust. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 18ᵇ top המְבַצֵּעַ חוטא the judge who settles a case is a sinner. the same place (ibid.) לְבַצֵּעַ (interch. with לבצוע). 5. בִּיצּוּעַ. ↗ original

בְּצַע to break. Bava Bathra 91ᵇ כד הוה ב׳ ינוקא וכ׳ when a child broke apart a piece of St. John’s bread. Shabbath 140ᵇ, see בִּיצּוּעָא.— to tear away, rescue (compare פצי). Targum Job 33, 18 יבצע manuscript (edition ימנע). Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּצַּע to break. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 2, 6 (variant reading בְּצַע Pe.). [Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᵃ bottom of the page מבצע (Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 16 מצנעה) read: מנצב, מנצבה, see נְצַב.] ↗ original

בִּצְעָה (בצע, compare בִּצָּה) ditch, dike, pond. — plural בִּצְעִים, בִּצְעִין, בִּי׳. Tosefta Sanhedrin 3, 4 שתי בצעין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading ביצועין); Shevuoth 16ᵃ שני בצעים וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (read שתי, edition ביצעין, Munich manuscript בצעי׳) there were two ponds (reservoirs) in Jerusalem, the upper etc. Shabbath 31ᵃ בין בִּצְעֵי המים between the dykes (of the Nile). Sanhedrin 96ᵃ בִּיצְעֵי וכ׳. the same place (ibid.) 5ᵇ, see בִּצָּה. ↗ original

בָּצַץ (see בצבץ) to break through, divide; to ooze, trickle, drip. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 7, beginning 34ᵃ כל העצים בּוֹצְצִין משקין all other sorts of wood (used for roasting spits) will drip moisture. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, beginning 80ᵃ; Tosefta Mikvaoth 1, 13 ההרים בוצצין (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) ביצין) the mountains are trickling (sending the rain water into the rivers; compare the preceding). ↗ original

בָּצֵק dough. Pesachim 3, 2 (46ᵃ) ב׳ הַחֵרֵשׁ deaf dough, i.e. having no indications of rising (which makes it doubtful whether or not fermentation has set in); [other reading ב׳ הַחֶרֶשׂ hard and smooth as a potsherd]. the same place (ibid.) 4; and frequently—plural בְּצֵקוֹת. the same place (ibid.) 40ᵃ ↗ original

בָּצַר to cut grapes. Pesachim 3ᵇ בּוֹצְרִין בטהרה one must cut grapes under the rules of levitical cleanness. Gittin 57ᵃ בָּצְרוּ … את כרמיהן וכ׳ the gentiles held vintage in vineyards soaked with Israel’s blood; and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נִבְצַר to be cut. Shemoth Rabbah section 30, beginning עד שתגיע עונתן לִיבָּצֵר until their (the nations’) time has arrived to be cut (ripe for punishment). to be cut off, diminished. Tanchuma Noah 18 נִבְצָרִים מן וכ׳ cut off from the world (destroyed). Bereshith Rabbah section 38 יִבָּצֵר מהם shall be denied them. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּצֵּר, בִּיצֵּר to cut off, whence (compare גדר) to surround, fortify. participle passive מְבוּצָּר. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 7, 35ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 8, beginning, 38ᵇ גג מב׳ a roof surrounded with railings, see בְּצוֹצְרָה.—Nega'im 1, 5 מְבוּצֶּרֶת an eruption surrounded with sound flesh; the same place (ibid.) 10, 2 and the following מבוצר (of the hair in the flesh affected by the eruption). Devarim Rabbah section 1 (referring to עיר מצור Psalms 60, 11, a. מבצר the same place (ibid.) 108, 11) עיר שמבוצרת וכ׳ the city (of Rome) which is well fortified etc. to diminish. the same place (ibid.) שמצירה ומבצרה לישראל (Mattnoth Khunnah ומְבַצֶּרֶת, Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 779 מבצרא Chaldaic (Aramaic)) the city which troubles and diminishes Israel. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְבַּצֵּר to be railed around, be set apart. Megillah 14ᵃ; Sanhedrin 110ᵃ; Bamidbar Rabbah section 18 מקום נ׳ להם וכ׳ a place was set apart for them in Gehenna; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 2. ↗ original

בָּצֵר (see the preceding a. next word) to be diminished. Kethuboth 7ᵇ דבָצְרָה מיום אחד who has less than one day’s (celebration of marriage with benedictions at meals). ↗ original

בְּצַר (neut. see) to be cut, lessened; to be small; to want. Avodah Zarah 9ᵃ כמה בצרן (Rashi בצירן) how much is wanting yet? Targum Proverbs 14, 28 בציר עמא the population is diminishing.—Chullin 42ᵇ בצר להו חדא there is, according to him, one less (than the number stated); and frequently (active see) to diminish, lessen. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 13, 1; 4, 2 (variant reading תבַצְּרוּן Pa'el). Targum Job 15, 4.—Niddah 65ᵃ למִבְצַר לה חדא to allow her one night less; and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּצַּר to cut off; to diminish, deduct. Menachoth 37ᵇ האי מאן דבַצְּרֵיה לגלימיה he who cuts one corner of his cloak off.—Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 3, 5. Targum Deuteronomy 4, 2, and elsewhere, see above.—Avodah Zarah 9ᵇ ונְבַצַּר וכ׳ we let him deduct therefrom forty eight. Bava Metzia 103ᵇ בַּצְּרִי לך I let thee have it for less.—Denom. בַּצִּירָא one who uses the vowel letters sparingly. Avodah Zarah 9ᵃ; 9ᵇ and as a mnemonical sign (for remembering when to add and when to deduct) ספרא ב׳ וכ׳ the writer of Bible copies writes many words without the vowel letters (defective) which the Mishnah teacher writes plene ↗ original

בֶּצֶר (Biblical Hebrew) = בָּצִיר crop, in a transferred sense means of support, (family-) trade. Shemoth Rabbah section 40, end לעולם … מניח בִּצְרוֹ one should never give up his trade; Pesikta Rabbati section 6, end מחליף בְּצִירוֹ (Arachin 16 אומנותו ואומנות אבותיו). Shemoth Rabbah the passage cited (insert Job 22, 24—25 as text) the Lord says, אני הוא בִצְרְכֶן … בִצְרָן וכ׳ I am your support, give ye never up your support (faith); but also the support of your fathers ye must not give up (labor) etc. Pesikta Rabbati the passage cited thou art our God ובְצִירֵנוּ and our support (referring to Psalms 95, 6). plural בְּצָרִים fort. Shemoth Rabbah the passage cited (referring to Job the passage cited; compare Targum) שנעשה חומותיך He will be thy fortification. [Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 811, see בִּיצּוּר.] ↗ original

בָּצְרָאָה etc., see בּוֹצְ׳ ↗ original

בַּקָּא (בקק to enter into, search, see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 573; compare בִּינָא 3, בִּינִיתָא a. פִּשְׁפָּשׁ) gnat. Chullin 58ᵇ לית ב׳ בר יומא no gnat lives an entire day. the same place (ibid.) תלו ליה לב׳ וכ׳ they suspended on the gnat’s proboscis sixty etc. the same place (ibid.) אמראי בקת׳ לבקא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition אמרא ב׳ מבקא) the she-gnat quarrelled with the he-gnat, see מרי.—plural בַּקֵּי. Sukkah 26ᵃ משום ב׳ on account of the gnats. Shabbath 77ᵇ, see כַּשְׁכֵּשׁ. ↗ original

בְּקָא (√בק, see the preceding; compare בצא, a. בין; see בקר, בקש etc.) to search, investigate, examine, find out. participle בָּקֵי. Targum Proverbs 17, 3 צרפא בקי Bxt. (edition נקי). the same place (ibid.) 24, 12 בָּאקֵי manuscript (Bxt. a. other בצי; corruption באהי; Hebrew text יבין).—Bava Metzia 84ᵇ בְּקִי באבוך וכ׳ (Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 964 בַּקְרִי) find out what thy father is doing now. Pesachim 3ᵇ בקי מאי דיניה Munich manuscript (edition בדוק) find out his ways and manners. Gittin 69ᵇ ליבקי וכ׳ let one search for the body of one who died on a Sabbath. Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 2 (read:) עד דאינון בקיין תרין חיואן וכ׳ (strike out אזלון בעיין … ונפקין) while they were searching (for the grave), two serpents of fire etc. ↗ original

בקוותא , Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, end, 25ᵈ, read בַּקְרוּתָא. ↗ original

בַּקּוֹלְסָא , see בַּקְלָסָא ↗ original

בקורות , see בַּקְרוּת ↗ original

בִּקּוֹרֶת , see בִּיקּוֹרֶת ↗ original

בְּקִי , see בְּקָא ↗ original

בָּקִי (בקא) expert, versed, familiar. Targum I Chronicles 11, 11.—Kiddushin 10ᵇ ב׳ בחדרי תורה well acquainted with the chambers (intricacies) of the Law; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 5, 29ᵈ bottom of the page ב׳ בסתרי וכ׳. Sanhedrin 7, 2 שלא היה ב"ד ב׳ the court was not versed in the law. Yoma 49ᵃ ב׳ ברפואות an expert in medicine. Yevamoth 102ᵃ כלום אתה ב׳ בר׳ וכ׳ art thou acquainted with R. etc.?; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 12, 11 ב׳ היה לך בר׳ וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (read ב׳ הי׳ לך ר׳ as other edition) was R. … well known to thee? Kethuboth 6ᵇ; and frequently—plural בְּקִיאִין, בְּקִיאֵי. Targum I Chronicles 12, 32 (variant reading בקיעין). Chullin 4ᵃ אין ב׳ וכ׳ (the Samaritans) are not so well versed in the details of the Law as etc. Gittin 86ᵇ. Kiddushin 30ᵃ אינהו ב׳ … אנן לא בְקִיאִינָן they (the ancients) were versed in Biblical orthography (in defective and plene), we are not.—Fem. בְּקִיאָה. Chagigah 5ᵃ. [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 49, 12 בַּקְיִין בהלכה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), edition כה׳, incorr., Levita in Tishbi בְּקִיאין; Yerushalmi (prefix) I נקיין מן חלבא!] ↗ original

בִּקְיָא vetch, see בִּיקְיָא. ↗ original

בְּקִיעַ 1 (בקע; compare בִּצְעָה) fissure, ditch, especially small pond for washing clothes. Moed Katan 8ᵇ נברכת וב׳, explained as גיהא ובר גיהא a large pond and a small pond. Tosefta Bava Bathra 1, 2. the same place (ibid.) Moed Katan 1, 9 זו היא נ׳ … ב׳ Nibrekheth a. B’kia are the same; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 80ᵈ כל שהוא תושב וכ׳ any permanent cut in the ground is called בקיע (fissure, a grave, wash-pond etc.). [Another opinion in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ב׳ = אבן ב׳ a flat stone whereon washers beat their clothes; Yerushalmi (prefix) the passage cited כל שהוא וכ׳ any stone fixed in the ground is called a b’kia.—Munich manuscript a. edition Venice נְקִיעַ, see נֶקַע.] ↗ original

בְּקִיעַ 2 (בקע = בקא) = בָּקִיא. Sanhedrin 5ᵇ ב׳ במומי (Munich manuscript פקיע) an expert in judging bodily defects. Bava Bathra 164ᵇ בקיע some edition (Munich manuscript בקי, F. פקיע).—plural בְּקִיעִין, בְּקִיעֵי. Targum I Chronicles 12, 32 variant reading, see בָּקִי. Shevuoth 42ᵃ דכמה דנפישי בקיעי טפי (some edition בקיאי, Manuscript Florence פ׳) the majority of the experts are supposed to be better versed (than the minority). ↗ original

בְּקִיעָא (בקע) that which is demolished by chopping. Vayikra Rabbah section 19, see אָלִיס. ↗ original

בְּקִיעָה (בקע) cleaving, cleft; that which is cloven, a log. plural בְּקִיעוֹת. Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 23 בקע לי שתי ב׳ chop for me two logs; (Bereshith Rabbah section 27 בקעיות, see בְּקַעַת). Koheleth Rabbah to 10, 9; Bereshith Rabbah section 55, end בשכר שתי ב׳ שבקע וכ׳ as a reward for the two pieces of wood which Abraham chopped (Genesis 22, 3). crossing, passing over. Shabbath 101ᵃ בְּקִיעַת דגים the crossing of fish under the ship. ↗ original

בְּקִיעִין B’kiin, (K’far) P’kiin, modern Fukin, a place in Southern Palestine between Lydda and Jabneh, residence of R. Joshua. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 1, beginning 75ᵈ. Sanhedrin 32ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original

בְּקִיקָא (בקק; compare בקע, בקיעא) a broken piece, potsherd. plural בְּקִיקִין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 12, 12; Numbers 33, 4. ↗ original

בקלאנין , Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 12 ב׳ בוקינוס וכ׳, read קַלָּאנִין בבוק׳ וכ׳, see קַלָּן; see Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 983. ↗ original

בָּקַע , see בְּקָא) to split, chop; to break through. Bava Metzia 99ᵃ בָּ׳ בו; (Kiddushin 47ᵇ בִּיקַּע) if he chopped wood with it. Bereshith Rabbah section 55, end; Koheleth Rabbah to 10, 9; 2, 23, see בְּקִיעָה. Shemoth Rabbah section 21 אני בוֹקֵעַ להם וכ׳ I am going to split the sea for them; and frequently—Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 בקעו בחיילותיו וכ׳ broke through the lines of N.’s armies; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵇ top ברחו לתוך. to cross, make a short cut, pass over. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 1, 27ᵇ bottom of the page חצר שהרבים בּוֹקְעִין וכ׳ a court which people use for crossing. Eruvin 16ᵇ; Shabbath 101ᵇ (a low wall) שהגדיים וכ׳ ב׳ over which the kids pass; see בִּקְעָה. (compare בִּצְבֵּץ) to break through the ground, especially as a legal fiction for a levitical impurity the cause of which is underground, but which affects the things above and beneath. Oholoth 6, 6 טומאה בּוֹקַעַת וכ׳ the impurity breaks through the ground and rises, and breaks through and goes down; and frequently—Koheleth Rabbah 3, 16 היה הדם בו׳ ועולה the blood broke through and rose. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 78, 45 ב׳ את הצור, ב׳ בצור break through (take root in) the rock; and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נִבְקַע to be split, to burst open. the same place (ibid.) הסיפין נבקעין וכ׳ the door sells were burst before them. the same place (ibid.) נ׳ הספל מאליו the vessel went to pieces of itself. Bereshith Rabbah section 55, end זכה להִבָּקַע הים וכ׳ he was rewarded by the sea being divided before the children of Israel. Chullin 14ᵇ שמא יִבָּקַע הנוד the wine bottle may burst; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּקַּע, בִּיקַּע to split, chop, tear. Kiddushin 47ᵇ, see above. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, 60ᵃ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 41ᶜ bottom of the page שביקעו (שבקעו) להם וכ׳ of whose flocks the wolves had torn more than etc. Betzah 4, 3 אין מְבַקְּעִין וכ׳ one must not split woods (on Holy Days) etc. Sifré Deuteronomy 183 (referring to Deuteronomy 19, 5) מן העץ המְבַקֵּעַ from the splitting wood (the handle), opposite העץ המִתְבַּקֵּעַ the split wood (the tree). Tanchuma Vayetse 9 בַּקְּעִי וכ׳ chop thou etc.—participle passive מְבוּקָּע. Avodah Zarah 65ᵇ מְבוּקָּעוֹת grapes burst open. to jam in, wedge. Shabbath 67ᵇ המְבַקַּעַת ביצים (Rashi variant reading המקבעת, Munich manuscript עצים) one who squeezes egg-shells etc. (a superstitious practice; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6 (7), 18 הנותנת בצים … בכותל). Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְקִיעַ to cut, clear. Shevi'ith 4, 5 המַבְקִיעַ בזתים וכ׳ he who cuts olive-trees down (in the Sabbath year) must not cover the stump with ground. to lead a line crosswise. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 3, 28ᵈ top להַבְקִיעַ וכ׳ to plant four rows across a valley from end to end. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְבַּקֵּעַ to be split; to burst, break. Sifré Deuteronomy 183, see above.—Shabbath 16, 5. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 4. ↗ original

בֶּקַע [a split,] beka, a weight and a coin, equal to half a Shekel. Bereshith Rabbah section 84; and elsewhere ↗ original

בִּקְעָא , see בִּקְעֲתָא ↗ original

בִּקְעָה cut, notch, whence valley, plane; a group of fields; see בָּאגִא; especially a short cut for farm-laborers etc. Tohoroth 6, 7, and elsewhere הב׳ בימות החמה וכ׳ the path through the fields in summer-time (when used by field laborers) is considered as private ground with regard to Sabbath laws, as public with regard to levitical purity. Bava Bathra 61ᵇ when one sells … a field בב׳ גדולה within a large group of fields (all belonging to the seller). the same place (ibid.) (in a place) where they call לשדה ש׳ ולב׳ ב׳ a field sadeh and an estate bikah; and frequently—Transferred an unguarded field, moral danger. Eruvin 6ᵃ; 100ᵇ; Chullin 110ᵃ רב ב׳ מצא וכ׳ Rab found an unguarded field and fenced it in, i.e. found people transgressing the law in ignorance and instituted preventive regulations.—plural בְּקָעוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 98.—2) (construct state) בִּקְעַת proper noun of a place Valley of—, as ב׳ יזרעאל, ב׳ ידים etc., for all of which see the respective determinants. ↗ original

בקעי , Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 4, beginning 38ᶜ, see בִּיקּוּעַ ↗ original

בְּקַעַת (בקע) chip, piece of wood; log to be chopped. Bava Kamma 32ᵇ נתזה ב׳ וכ׳ a chip slipped out (of the carpenter’s hand) and struck his face; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, end, 3ᵈ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Makkoth 2, 31ᶜ bottom of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 4, 62ᶜ bottom of the page אין מכבין את הב׳ you must not extinguish the log; see כָּסַס. Shabbath 29ᵃ top; and frequently—plural (compare plural of כְּנֶסֶת) בִּקְעִיּוֹת. Chullin 37ᵇ אפי׳ אוכלת ב׳ even if strong enough to bite wood. Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 17 (a gloss explained גזירין). Bereshith Rabbah section 27, see בְּקִיעָה. dial. for פְּקַעַת which see ↗ original

בְּקַעֲתָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 19, 6. ↗ original

בַּקְעֲתָא Targum Genesis 11, 2; and frequently—plural בַּקְעָתָא.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 3, 34ᶜ top, see פְּקוּעָה.—Constr. בַּקְעַת, proper noun Valley of … Bereshith Rabbah section 10; and frequently ↗ original

בָּקַר , see בקע) to enter into, to clear, split; whence (= בער) to eat up. Denom. בָּקָר (= בְּעִיר). (= בער) to break forth, shine. Denom. בֹּקֶר. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּיקֵּר, בִּקֵּר (Biblical Hebrew) to enter into, examine, search, distinguish (compare בִּין). Kethuboth 106ᵃ מְבַקְּרֵי מומין those entrusted with the examination of sacrificial animals. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, 61ᶜ top ובִיקְּרָן ממומן and had them examined (and declared free) from bodily defects. Chagigah 9ᵇ אין אומרים בַּקְּרוּ וכ׳ we do not say, Examine ye a camel, a swine etc. (i.e. only the deeds of distinguished persons are scrutinized); and frequently—participle pass. מְבוּקָּר examined and found fit. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 7ᵇ top טליים מְבוּקָּרִים lambs which passed examination. to inquire after one’s health, to visit the sick. Nedarim 4, 4 (38ᵇ). ונכנס לְבַקְּרוֹ and comes to see him. Sanhedrin 68ᵃ; and very frequently [Ruth. R. to 2, 15, see below.] Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְבַּקֵּר, , Nithpa. נִתְבַּקֵּר to be examined. Bereshith Rabbah section 81 פנקסו נִתְבַּקְּרָה his account is examined (his sins visited); Tanchuma Vayishlaḥ 8 מִתְבַּקֶּרֶת. Bereshith Rabbah section 84, read with Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 141 נתב׳ פנקסי my account etc. to be visited, attended to. Bamidbar Rabbah section 18 as all sick persons מִתְבַּקְּרִין are tended (by physicians). Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְקִיר (Yerushalmi (prefix) Dial. for הִפְקִיר, see פָּקַר; see next word) to give free, to resign ownership, to declare a property ownerless. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 4, 38ᵈ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 5, beginning 19ᵇ [read:] כיון שאדם מַבְקִיר דבר יצא מרשותו as soon as one declares a thing to be free, it has gone out of his control; Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 3, 23ᵇ bottom of the page כיון שאדם מ׳ … ויצא … הבקירו הבקר as soon as one gives a thing free and it has left his possession, his act is valid; and frequently [Ruth. R. to 2, 15 מבקר, מבדר, probably מבקיר; see בָּדַר.] Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּבְקַר to be declared free, to be free. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 6, 19ᶜ top of the page—participle מוּבְקָר the same place (ibid.) 19ᵇ bottom of the page שדי מוּבְקֶרֶת וכ׳ (Tosefta Maasroth 3, 11. הרי … מופ׳) my field shall be free for one day etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original

בְּקַר —Pa'el בַּקַּר to search, examine. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 13, 36; and frequently to clear, glean. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 24, 20 (2 תתב׳, read תבקרון, Hebrew text תפאר). to let the herd graze (compare בער), to drive unmuzzled animals. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 13, 7. to visit the sick. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 18, 20; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᶜ bottom of the page; and frequently (= the preceding Hif'il) to abandon, leave unclaimed, declare free. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 23, 11 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (some edition ותפקד, read ותפקר). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 9, 39ᵃ top וַאֲבַקְּרָה קומיהון and I will declare it free goods in their presense. the same place (ibid.) ומְבַקְּרִין ליה and declare ye it free property. ↗ original

בֹּקֶר see בָּקַר) morning, early day; metaph. light, salvation. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᵃ top ב׳ לצדיקים וכ׳ a morning for the righteous, a night for the wicked. Ruth. R. to 3, 13 בַּבּ׳ בעולם וכ׳ ‘in the morning’—that means in the world which is all-good. Esther Rabbah, introduction (referring to Deuteronomy 28, 67) בבָקְרָהּ של בבל וכ׳ in the morning (ascendancy) of Babel thou shalt say, Oh that her evening (downfall) would come! Bereshith Rabbah section 21 (referring to Daniel 8, 14) לִכְשֶׁיֵּעָשֶׂה בָּקְרָן וכ׳ when the morning of the (persecuting) nations shall become evening, and the evening of Israel morning; Tanchuma edition Buber edition Bereshith 23. Mechilta Bo, section 6 in order to define it: לבָקְרוֹ של ב׳ at the very break of morning; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᶜ top of the page—plural בְּקָרִים. Yoma 33ᵇ חלקהו לשני ב׳ divide the acts prescribed into two mornings, i.e. let another act be inserted between. Berachoth 27ᵃ חלקהו לשני ב׳ take only one half of the morning hours. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 5, 31ᵈ top אית לך מימר תמן בין הַבְּקָרַיִם then it ought to have read there ben hab-b’karaim (as you read בין הערבים, Dual). ↗ original

בָּקָר see בָּקַר) a beef; (collect.) oxen, cattle. Sifra Vayikra Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2, Parah 2 אין לך בבהמה אלא ב׳ וכ׳ under b’hemah for offerings (Leviticus 1, 2) are meant only beeves and sheep; and frequently בן ב׳ young cattle, calf. the same place (ibid.); and frequently—רועי ב׳ herders (suspected of feeding upon other people’s fields). Sanhedrin 3, 2 נאמנין עלי שלשה ר׳ ב׳ (if one says) I have faith in (the arbitration of) three herders. ↗ original

בַּקָּר (the preceding) neat-herd, cow-herd; cattle-driver. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 5, 63ᵇ, see רֶגֶל. ↗ original

בַּקָּרָא 1 Bava Metzia 42ᵇ.—plural בַּקָּרֵי. Sotah 48ᵃ זמרא דב׳ the song of the drivers (at ploughing). ↗ original

*בַּקָּרָא 2 , plural בַּקָּרִין (see בָּקַר, compare Biblical Hebrew בַּעַר a. בּוֹר I) [empty,] light-minded, thoughtless. Targum Judges 9, 4 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Kimḥi (edition בסירין). ↗ original

בַּקְרָא common gender (בקר) herd. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 7, 13 בַּקְרַת תוריך (Hebrew text שגר אלפיך). Bava Metzia 84ᵃ ב׳ דתורי a herd of oxen, (variant reading פדנא, see Rashia. l. a. Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 2).—plural masculine בַּקְרִין, construct state בַּקְרֵי. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy the passage cited; Targum the same place (ibid.) 28, 4.—Fem. בַּקְרָן. Targum Joel 1, 18; Isaiah 7, 25. ↗ original

בַּקְרוּת (בָּקָר) cattle-yard, cattle-farm, stock of cattle. Moed Katan 12ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 11 ביקורת (variant reading בקירות, בקרות); Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 31ᵇ top בקורת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 4, 6ᵃ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 1, 49ᵇ top; Bereshith Rabbah section 20 [read:] בקרות של בית אנטונינוס היתה עוֹבֶרֶת והרביעו (שוורים) ממנה בַקְרוּת של בית רבי the herd of the estate of A. passed by and (some oxen) thereof covered the herd of Rabbi’s estate; [perhaps the second בקרות is to be read בְּקָרוֹת fem. plural of בִּקְרָה; see variant reading lect. in the passage cited] ↗ original

בַּקְרוּתָא 1 Echah Rabbah to 1, 9 חד בענא וחד בב׳ one is employed in the fold and one in the cattle-farm. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, 25ᵈ bottom of the page גנב עגל מן בקוותא וכ׳ (corrupted … מן בקר׳ ואייתיה ליה) he stole a calf from the yard and brought it to him. ↗ original

בַּקְרוּתָא 2 (see בַּקָּרָא 2) levity, thoughtlessness. Targum Jeremiah 23, 32. Targum I Samuel 17, 28. ↗ original

בַּקְרַת , see בַּקְרָא ↗ original

בָּקַשׁ , see בקא; corresp. to Chaldaic (Aramaic) בעי); Pi'el בִּיקֵּשׁ, בִּקֵּשׁ to seek, desire, beg, ask. Kiddushin 65ᵃ מְבַקְּשִׁין וכ׳ the court begs him to give her a letter of divorce, opposite to כופין. Berachoth 12ᵇ בִּקְּשׁוּ לקבוע וכ׳ they (the Rabbis) intended to insert the chapter about Balak etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 84 ב׳ לישב וכ׳ he intended to live in peace; and frequently—ב׳ רחמים to pray (for mercy), see בעי. Berachoth the passage cited Bava Bathra 91ᵇ; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְבַּקֵּשׁ, , Nithpa. נִתְבַּקֵּשׁ to be sought, to be hunted for (by detectives); to be summoned. Taanith 29ᵃ (a disguised warning given to R. Gamliel) בעל החוטם מִתְבַּקֵּשׁ the well-known man is wanted; see חוֹטֶם. Bava Metzia 86ᵃ, see יְשִׁיבָה. ↗ original

בַּקָּשָׁה the preceding) desire, prayer. Nedarim 11, 12 דרך ב׳ in the way of a request (to give a divorce, see the preceding). Berachoth 9ᵃ, and frequently אין נא אלא לשון ב׳ the word נָא in the Bible means prayer (I pray etc.). the same place (ibid.) 57ᵃ תלויה בַקָּשָׁתוֹ his prayer is held in suspense (its fulfillment is doubtful).—בב׳ ממך I pray thee, see בָּעוּ. the same place (ibid.) 9ᵃ. Bereshith Rabbah section 75 end; and frequently—plural בַּקָּשֹׁות ↗ original

בִּקְתָא (= בקעתא, see בָּאגָא a. בִּקְעָה)valley, short cut; group of fields. Berachoth 34ᵇ bottom of the page I consider him arrogant מאן דמצלי בב׳ (Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בפִקְתָא which see) who prays in a valley (where people pass by). Kethuboth 54ᵃ; 103ᵃ בביתי ולא בביקתי ‘in my house’ (‘as long as you will spend your widowhood in my house’—the marriage contract reads) but not in my estate, i.e. she must be content to live in her late husband’s house with his heirs, but she cannot claim a separate residence. [Comment. בקתי = בי עקתי house of my distress, narrow house, i.e. when there is no room for her and the heirs, she loses her claims, see Shabbath 77ᵇ, etymol. of ב׳ = בי עקתא narrow place.]—בר בי׳ (בת) one of the same rural community; in a transferred sense of the same class or category; neighbor. Menachoth 24ᵇ כולהו בני ב׳ they all belong together. Meïl. 17ᵇ בני חדא ב׳ of the same category.—Yevamoth 84ᵃ בת בי׳ (edition בּוּקְתָא) a parallel case stated immediately after. ↗ original

בַּקְּתָא , see בַּקָּא ↗ original

בַּר 1 [empty, open] uncultivated ground, forest, prairie; opposite יישוב. Kilayim 8, 6. Chullin 80ᵃ שור הבר the ox of the prairie, buffalo. the same place (ibid.) איל הב׳ forest ram. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, 14ᵇ bottom of the page חזיר של ב׳ wild swine. clear, visible, whence the outside, surface, opposite תוך. Yoma 72ᵇ a scholar שאין תוכו כבָרוֹ whose inside is not as his outside (who is insincere); Berachoth 28ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 7, 34ᵃ bottom of the page תוך בר the inner parts of the Passover lamb must hang outside (not be put inside, see R. Akiba in Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 7, 1); Mechilta Bo, 6 תוך ובר (read תוכו בר); Pesachim 74ᵃ R. Ish. called it תוך בר Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word תך 2 (edition תוך תוך, variant reading in Rashi a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) תוכברא which see). ↗ original

בַּר (= Hebrew שָׂדֶה, יַעַר) forest, prairie etc. Targum Psalms 50, 10 and the following etc. Targum Psalms 50, 10 and the following Targum Onkelos Genesis 3, 1; and elsewhere (adjective) living in the forest etc., wild. Targum Psalms the passage cited variant reading תרנגול ברא; Shabbath 78ᵃ תרנגולא ב׳ Munich manuscript (edition … לת) woodcock (hen of the prairie).— peel. the same place (ibid.) 139ᵇ ב׳ דתומא the peel of garlic; [Rashi, explained צלע, must have read אברא]. (= Hebrew חוּץ) outside, outdoors, street. Targum Genesis 34, 31 נפקת ב׳ a prostitute, see חוּץ 2; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ מאן בעי לך לבר who wants thee outside? (an intimation to leave the room). Sanhedrin 62ᵃ; 62ᵇ; Shabbath 106ᵃ, and elsewhere פוק תני לברא go out and teach it in the street (i.e. your tradition is rejected).—תנא ברא a Tannai not recorded in the Mishnah, see בָּרַיְיתָא. Moed Katan 17ᵇ (Rashi: האי תנא דברייתא); Bava Bathra 93ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בתרא); compare בָּרָאָה.—4) (preposition a. adverb) outside; בר מן outside of, except, without. Targum Onkelos Genesis 14, 24; and frequently—Berachoth 38ᵇ ב׳ מן דין וב׳ וכ׳ without this and without that, i.e. apart from these two arguments. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 7, end 24ᵈ ב׳ מדעתיה without his knowledge; and frequently—Chullin 62ᵇ וסימניך בׄרׄ מיניה and thy mnemonical sign (as to צרדא a. בׄרׄדא, the one being forbidden, the other permitted) be: keep aloof from it (בׄרׄדא).—Transferred restriction (everywhere except …), proviso. Sukkah 45ᵇ; Sanhedrin 97ᵇ who enter the heavenly courts בב׳ with certain qualifications (by special grant), בלא ב׳ without any restrictions.—לְבַר, מִלְּבַר apart from, outside, exclusively. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 8 לב׳ מישראל except the Israelites. Chullin 98ᵃ sixty one, בהדי דידה או … לב׳ מינה the one (egg) included or excluded? Bava Bathra 90ᵇ שתותא מלב׳ the sixth part (as an addition) is outside, i.e. to each five portions one is added, an addition of twenty percent, opposite מִלְגֵו. Bava Metzia 53ᵇ, see חוּמְשָׁא. ↗ original

בַּר 2 (Biblical Hebrew בַּר poetic; ברי) son, offspring. Targum Genesis 4, 25; and very frequently—ב׳ שמואל son of Samuel; … בְּרֵיה דר׳ son of … Berachoth 3ᵃ. Chullin 11ᵃ; and very frequently—Bava Metzia 110ᵃ … בְּרָהּ דבת the son of the daughter of … Shabbath 116ᵇ במקום ברא ברתא וכ׳ where there is a son, the daughter cannot inherit. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 9, 39ᵃ bottom of the page אמה דהן ילדת ב׳ this nan’s mother has born a son, i.e. she may be proud of him; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 4, 43ᵈ אית לאימיה ב׳ (not ואית); and very frequently—plural [בְּרִין, בְּרֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 10, 9 (some edition). Targum Psalms 127, 5 manuscript] בְּנִין, בְּנֵי, בְּנַיָּא. Targum Genesis 5, 4 בְּנִין וּבְנָן sons and daughters; and frequently—Kethuboth 4, 10 (in a marriage contract) בנין דכרין male issue, opposite בְּנָן נוקבין, the same place (ibid.) 11.—Berachoth 10ᵃ ב׳ דמעלו good children. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 8, 16ᵇ bottom of the page אין הוון בנוי דהנייה (read בָּנַיי) if my children turn out well; and very frequently—בר בר, בר בת grandson. Esther Rabbah introduction (explained נין ונכד) בר ובר בר (not וברבר) son and grandson; and frequently Fem. בְּרַת [The meaning of בר in compounds is generally the same as of בן a. בעל, e.g. ב׳ אולפן a scholar, ב׳ אמודאי a diver, ב׳ שטיא a maniac, ב׳ דעת a rational being. בר בי רב, see בֵּי. For compounds which are not self-evident, see the respective determinants.] ↗ original

בַּר 3 clear, bright, clean, pure. Tosefta Kilayim 3, 6 (missing in edition Zuckermann Talmudische Munzen und Gewichte, Breslau 1862, see variant reading ad loc. (on the passage)) שהוא בר ובקי וכ׳ who is clear and well-versed in etc. Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 (referring to ברי Proverbs 31, 2, a. בר Psalms 2, 12) the Law שהיא נקראת בר which is called bar (clear, pure, Psalms 19, 9).—plural בָּרִים. the same place (ibid.) ↗ original

בַּר 4 see בָּרַר) [sifted] grain. Berachoth 55ᵃ כשם שא"א לבר בלא וכ׳ as there can be no grain without straw, so there is no dream without idle things; Nedarim 8ᵃ ↗ original

בָּרָא 1 outside, forest etc., see בַּר I Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

בָּרָא 2 , בְּרָא I to create, see ברי. ↗ original

בְּרָא 2 son, see בַּר 2. ↗ original

בָּרָאָה (see בַּר I Chaldaic (Aramaic)) external, foreign, not belonging to, opposite גַּוָּאָה. Targum 2 Kings 16, 18; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 7, beginning 34ᵃ תנא ב׳, see בַּר I Chaldaic (Aramaic)—Bereshith Rabbah section 49; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 83 (interpret. חָלִילָה Genesis 13, 25) (בריה) ברייה הוא לך it is foreign to thy nature; see הִיצָה I.—plural בָּרָאֵי. Kiddushin 33ᵃ בתי ב׳ the outer chambers of the bath-house. Chagigah 5ᵇ בתי ב׳ the outer chambers of the heavens. Bava Bathra 30ᵃ בשוקי ב׳ in the market places abroad.—Fem. בָּרַיְתָא, בָּרַיְיתָא. Targum Ezek. 42, 1; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, beginning 81ᶜ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 10, 42ᵇ top ארעא ב׳ (= Hebrew חוץ לארץ) abroad; see אֶרֶץ.—plural בַּרְיָתָא, בַּרְיָיתָא. Targum Proverbs 30, 4 ב׳ דארעא the extreme ends of etc. (as noun) street, open place, field. Bava Bathra 40ᵇ sit down בשוקי ובב׳ Rashi (edition בשוקא) in markets and open places (i.e. in public). Chullin 43; 47ᵃ; 58ᵇ חיוי ב׳ the animals of the prairies, see בַּר I Chaldaic (Aramaic)—Esp. בָּרַיְיתָא, בָּרַיְתָא (supply (understood word) מתניתא = Hebrew משנה החיצונה) Baraitha (or Boraitha), traditions and opinions of Tannaim not embodied in the Mishnah as compiled by R. Judah han-Nasi. [A collection of such Baraithas is found in the Tosefta (תוספתא) which bears the nearest resemblance to the Mishnah and is called by that name in Talmud Yerushalmi (prefix)—The B. in frequently called מתניתא (Chaldaic) in contradistinguished to משנה (Hebr.), see Bamidbar Rabbah section 18 (referring to Song of Songs 6, 8); Vayikra Rabbah section 30.]—Shabbath 19ᵇ; Eruvin 19ᵇ; and elsewhere ב׳ לא שמיע׳ ליה (compare Shabbath 61ᵃ; Pesachim 101ᵇ מתנית׳ לא וכ׳) he did not know that Boraitha. Berachoth 19ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original

בְּרָאִי (see the preceding) = אַבְרָאִי outside. Avodah Zarah 28ᵃ מכה דב׳ an external wound.—(Adv.) Zevachim 15ᵃ דקאי זר ב׳ the layman stands outside. the same place (ibid.) לב׳ נפיק וכ׳ does (the blood) run only outside (away from the altar) and not also inside (in all directions)? ↗ original

בְּרֵאשִׁית (Biblical Hebrew) in the beginning, as a cosmological term (referring to Genesis 1, 1) creation, primeval period, Nature, Universe. Targum Isaiah 28, 29; and elsewhere—מִבְּ׳ from the beginning. the same place (ibid.) 41, 4.—מעשה ב׳ a) creation. Bereshith Rabbah section 3; and frequently—b) cosmogony, contradistinguished to מעשה מרכבה theosophy, Chagigah 2, 1; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 1, beginning 33ᵃ שבת ב׳ the Sabbath commemorative of creation, i.e. the regular weekly Sabbath, contradistinguished to Holy Days. [In later Hebr. שבת ב׳ the Sabbath on which the first section of the Pentateuch is read.]—Berachoth 9, 2 ברוך עושה (מעשה) ב׳ praised be the Author of creation—a formula of benediction for awe-inspiring natural phenomena; see the same place (ibid.) a. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 13ᶜ bottom of the page—ששת ימי ב׳ from the six days of creation. Kethuboth 8ᵇ נתיב הוא מש׳ וכ׳ this is the way (the lot of humanity) since the world existed.—Tosefta Maasroth 3, 14: and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵃ bottom of the page מי ב׳; Echah Rabbah to 3, 40 מימי ב׳ primeval waters, Ocean etc. (see Genesis 1, 9 and the following).—ספר ב׳ The Book of Genesis. Bereshith Rabbah section 3; and elsewhere—ב׳ רבה B’reshith Rabbah (Bereshith Rabbah), name of the first book of the Midrash Rabbah. ↗ original

ברבוי , see בַּרְבַּיִי ↗ original

בַּרְבּוּרִים , see בַּרְבַּרְיָא ↗ original

בְּרַבִּי (contracted of בי רבי, belonging to a school of an eminent teacher, see בֵּי 4) B’rabbi, B’ribbi, title of scholars, most frequently applied to disciples of R. Judah han-Nasi and his contemporaries, but also to some of his predecessors, and sometimes to the first Amoraim, see אֲמוֹרָא. Bava Metzia 85ᵃ אסמכיה ב׳ he gave him the title of B’rabbi (a scholar of Rabbi Judah). Chullin 137ᵃ דברי ברי׳ (referring to R. Yosé). the same place (ibid.) 11ᵇ ברבי; Makkoth 5ᵇ בריבי (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 100). Shabbath 115ᵃ רבן גמליאל ברי׳ (Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 13 (14), 2; Massekheth Sofrim 5, 15 only ר׳ גמ׳) R. Gaml. son of R. Judah han-Nasi. Eruvin 53ᵃ רבי אושעיא ברי׳ (Munich manuscript ברב׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) notes 70; 80) R. O. scholar of Rabbi Judges han-N.—Sifré Deuteronomy 1, end יהודה ברב׳ (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 792 only יהודה). Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 82ᶜ bottom of the page; Bereshith Rabbah section 100 חד בר׳ אמר a student (Amora) recited etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 8, end, 23ᵃ לית רבי ב׳ [insert או] not even a teacher or a student was exempt. [Sanhedrin 17ᵇ רמי בר ברבי, read ברוכי.] ↗ original

ברבר , see בַּרson, a. בַּרְבָּרִי. ↗ original

בַּרְבְּרָאָה = בַּרְבְּרִי. . Targum Psalms 114, 1. ↗ original

בַּרְבַּרוֹן (βαρβάρων, gen. plural of βάρβαρος) of the barbarians. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joshua 2) נקיטא ב׳ (read ניקיטא, νικῆτα βαρβάρων) O conqueror of the Barbarians (Jews). Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 2, 8ᶜ, see בַּרְבְּרַי. ↗ original

בַּרְבָּרִי (βάρβαρος, babbler, Curt. Griech. Etym. p. 290) foreigner (in a contemptuous sense), barbarian. Esther Rabbah to 2, 21 הב׳ הזה this barbarian (Mordecai, contradistinguished to Cœlesyrians as Greeks); Targum Esther the same place (ibid.) בכיין.—plural בַּרְבְּרִיִּים, בַּרְבָּרִים. Shemoth Rabbah section 20. Vayikra Rabbah section 11; and frequently an inhabitant of Barbaria (see בַּרְבַּרְיָא). Bereshith Rabbah section 60 beginning כושי אחד או ב׳ אחד a Cushite or a Barbar; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 8 (for כותי read: כושי). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 5, 55ᵇ top, see next word ↗ original

בַּרְבְּרַי . Echah Rabbah to 1, 16; 4, 19; Esther Rabbah introduction עד דאת מכבש ב׳ וכ׳ instead of subjecting the Barbarians (Germans, Britains etc.); Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 5, 55ᵇ top (Hebr. diction).—Vayikra Rabbah section 22 נקיטה ב׳, see בַּרְבַּרוֹן. ↗ original

בַּרְבַּרְיָא (barbaria) foreign (not Roman) country, especially Germania Barbara; also Britannia (as hostile to Rome); East African coast, Azania, see בַּרְבָּרִי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 10, 3; Targum I Chronicles 1, 6 (for תוגרמה), see גרמניקיא.—Yevamoth 63ᵇ אנשי ב׳ … מרטניא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition מרטנאי, correct accordingly); Sifré Deuteronomy 320 … מב׳ ומטונס וממורטניא; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 945 מב׳ ומבריטניא those from Barbaria [,Tunes] and Mauretania [Britannia] who go naked etc. (see Brüll, Trachten d. Judges p. 4 and the following). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 8 אחד מכם גולה לב׳ … לסמרטיה (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 586 … לבריטניא) one of you is exiled to B., another to Sarmatia [Britannia]. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 109.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵃ top; Bereshith Rabbah section 23, end כיפי ב׳ the rocks of B. (Azania).—Bereshith Rabbah section 75 בני ב׳ ובני גרמניא.—Shemoth Rabbah section 18 a king שהלך בנו לב׳ whose son went to a foreign land (conquered province). Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 7 (referring to barburim I Kings V, a bird etc. היה בא מב׳ וכ׳ came from B. every day. [the same place (ibid.); Pesikta Rabbati section 16; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Eth. Korb. p. 58ᵇ, מיני ב׳, read with Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word ברבר: בִּיבָרְיָא.] ↗ original

ברברית , Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 81ᵈ bottom of the page תונין בב׳, probably to be read בפַרְדֵּיסָא; compare Babylonian Moed Katan 17ᵃ ↗ original

בַּרְגְּזָא , see גַּזָּא ↗ original

בָּרָד , see ברר) [bright, white,] hail (see Ges. H. Dictionary under the word). Mikvaoth 7, 1; and frequently—אבן הב׳ block of ice (or hail stone). the same place (ibid.); see next word ↗ original

בַּרְדָּא 1 Targum Exodus 9, 18; and frequently—Moed Katan 25ᵇ כיפי דב׳ hail stones. Berachoth 18ᵇ; see גְּזִיזָא ↗ original

בַּרְדָּא 2 (compare the preceding a. אַשְׁלֵג) barda, a cosmetic lotion used as a detergent, a mixture of aloes, myrtle and violet. Shabbath 50ᵇ (Munich manuscript, once, a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בר אדא, Alfasi manuscript a. other בדרא; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original

בַּרְדָּא 3 (see the preceding) barda, name of an unclean bird. Chullin 62ᵇ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בר אדא). ↗ original

בַּרְדִּילָא , see בּוּרְדְּלָא ↗ original

ברדין , Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia X, end (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) גרדין), read גַּרְדּוֹן. ↗ original

ברדינין , Shemoth Rabbah section 38, end, read כַּדְכְּדוֹן. ↗ original

בַּרְדִּיסִין , see בַּרְדְּסִין ↗ original

בַּרְדְּלָא (compare Biblical Hebrew דְּלָיָה, דְּלָיָהוּ) Bard’la, surname of several persons. Bava Metzia 10ᵇ אבא כהן ב׳ (variant reading כהנא; Munich manuscript בר דלא); Bereshith Rabbah section 76, end; Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 8, 49ᶜ top; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 4, 18ᵃ bottom of the page בר דליא).—Sukkah 26ᵃ (Munich manuscript 2 בר דלא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note); Gittin 14ᵃ רב אחא ב׳. 5. בַּרְדְּלָיָא. ↗ original

ברדלה , see בַּרְדְּלִיס ↗ original

בַּרְדְּלָיָא (compare ברדלא) proper noun of a place Bard’laya, near Lydda (see below). Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 6, 24ᵃ top אנשי בר דליה the inhabitants of B. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, 33ᵈ bottom of the page דברדלייה of B. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 3, 17ᵈ bottom of the page R. Judges b. Pazi דבר דליא (for which Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᵃ דברזילה); compare Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 18ᶜ bottom of the page where R. Judges b. P. is mentioned as of Lydda. [Bamidbar Rabbah section 13 ברדליא, some edition, see בּיּרְדְּלָא.] ↗ original

בַּרְדְּלִיס (πάρδαλις, pardalis; πάρδος, pardus; probably of Semit. orig.; compare Biblical Hebrew בְּרֻדִּים) a spotted beast, whence (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 section vv.) leopard or hyena, usually in connection with נָמֵר. Sanhedrin 1, 4. Bava Kamma 1, 4 (explained the same place (ibid.) 16ᵃ אָפָא which see). Bechoroth 8ᵃ. Bava Metzia 7, 9. (probably) marten, or mariput (Rashi: putois); usually in connection with חוּלְדָּה. Pesachim 9ᵇ; Niddah 15ᵇ; Avodah Zarah 42ᵃ; Tosefta Oholoth 16, 13 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) ברדלה. ↗ original

ברדניקוס , see הדרניקוס ↗ original

ברדס , see בּוּרְדָּם ↗ original

בַּרְדְּסִין (… סִים) masculine plural (a corruption of Brundusina, see בלדרסין) Brundisian cloaks, thicker than בִּרְסִין which see Kilayim 9, 7. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 32ᵈ top בַּרְדִּיסִין. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 5, 11 ברתסין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading ברתצין, ברתתצ׳). 5. פַּלְדֵּיס, פַּלְדֵּיסִין. ↗ original

בָּרָה fem. of 1) fem. of בָּר. see ברי ↗ original

בִּרְוָון , see בִּירְוָון ↗ original

ברובה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 1, 57ᶜ, read כְּרוּבָּא. ↗ original

ברויירא , Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 14 שמלאי דב׳., see בֵּיר, בֵּירָא 3). ↗ original

בְּרוֹכִי B’rokhi. Sanhedrin 17ᵇ רמי בר ב׳ Munich manuscript, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. other (edition ברבי, correct accordingly). ↗ original

ברולקי , see ברוקלי ↗ original

בִּרְיָן , see בִּירְוָון ↗ original

בְּרוּנָא 1 (diminutive of בְּרָא; compare אֲבוּנָא) dear little son, darling. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 83ᵃ (allud. to termination נִי in Rubeni etc.) כאינש דאמר בְּרוּנִי סברוני סכיוני as if one says, My own dear son, my features, my looks; Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 773; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 12 (correct accordingly); [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word ברן, adds מאבוי from his father (has he this).] ↗ original

בְּרוּנָא I ² B’runa, a Babyl. Amora. Berachoth 9ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original

בָּרוֹקָא 1 smaragd, see בַּרְקָן. ↗ original

בָּרוֹקָא 2 Baroka, father of R. Johanan. Avoth 4, 4. Eruvin 8, 2; and very frequently ↗ original

בָּרוֹקָא 3 morning star, see בָּרַק a. בְּרַק. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, beginning 40ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, beginning 57ᵈ ↗ original

בְּרוּקְתִּי , see בְּרַקְתִּי ↗ original

בָּרוּר (ברר) clear, bright; certain, firm. Bava Bathra 147ᵃ יו"ט … ב׳ וכ׳ when the day of Pentecosts is bright, sow wheat; opposite בָּלוּל; Tosefta Arachin 1, 9.—Sanhedrin 7ᵇ אם ב׳ וכ׳ if the case is as clear to thee as the morning, speak out (thy opinion). Gittin 89ᵃ דבר הב׳ an ascertained fact.—Pesachim 50ᵃ עולם ב׳ a rightly-conducted world, opposite הפוך.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ יחזור … הב׳ לו he must begin to re-read from the place which he is certain of having read correctly. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 49ᵇ חלוט ב׳, see חָלַט I; תבשיל ב׳ real boiling (about which there is no legal doubt). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 4, 5ᶜ bottom of the page חלב ב׳ ascertained existence of forbidden fat. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 9, 50ᶜ bottom of the page קיים שריר וב׳ (the formula) valid, firm and established. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 4, 66ᵃ top כהן ב׳ a priest of undoubted genealogy; and frequently (Biblical Hebrew , Nehemiah 5, 18) chosen, best. Bereshith Rabbah section 23 הב׳ שבהם the best one among them.—plural בְּרוּרִים, בְּרוּרִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 4, 66ᵃ bottom of the page הב׳ שבאחיך the chosen among thy brethren (whose genealogy has been established; see above); Bamidbar Rabbah section 9. ↗ original

בֵּרוּר , plural בֵּרוּרִין, construct state בֵּרוּרֵי, see בֵּירוּר. ↗ original

בְּרוֹר B’ror Ḥayil (Ḥail), seat of R. Johanan b. Zaccai’s college, near Jabneh. Sanhedrin 32ᵇ (variant reading גדור ח׳). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 1, 25ᶜ; and frequently ↗ original

בְּרוּרְיָא B’ruryah, daughter of R. Ḥanania b. T’radjon and wife of R. Meïr, reputed as a learned woman. Avodah Zarah 18ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) 18ᵇ משום מעשה ב׳ Munich manuscript (edition ממ׳ דב׳) (R. Meïr left for Babylon) in consequence of what occurred to B. (who defied her husband’s opinion regarding woman’s weakness and came very near being ensnared by a plot laid against her chastity; see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)). Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 1, 6. ↗ original

בְּרוֹשׁ (Biblical Hebrew) cypress. Rosh Hashanah 23ᵃ; Taanith 25ᵇ, and elsewhere (as a species of cedar); see בְּרוֹת a. בְּרָתָא. ↗ original

ברושייתא , Gittin 69ᵇ ב׳ דשערי, see כְּרוֹשְׁיָיתָא ↗ original

בְּרוֹת feminine = בְּרוֹשׁ. Sifra Metsora, beginning שהיא של ב׳ that it (עץ ארז, Leviticus 14, 49) means a branch of a cypress; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 2, 18ᵃ top שלברית (correct accordingly); Tosefta Nega'im 8, 2 של אברית edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading שלא ברית; Rabbenu Shimshon to Nega'im 14, 1 אַבְרוֹת). ↗ original

בְּרוֹתָא see בְּרָתָא ↗ original

בָּרוּתָא (see בַּר I Chaldaic (Aramaic))outside, rejected; compare בָּרַיְיתָא. Bava Metzia 9ᵃ; and frequently Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition sometimes בָּדוּתָא which see). ↗ original

בְּרַז (√בר, see ברר) [to get through,] to bore, perforate, transfix. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 25, 8; and elsewhere [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 44, 34 דתִבְרַז, read דתירן or דתתרן as Targum Esther 8, 6, see ארע a. ערע.]—Sanhedrin 52ᵇ דבָרֵיז ליה מִיבְרַז that one may put a culprit to death by piercing. Shabbath 146ᵃ, see בּוּרְטְיָא. Sanhedrin 56ᵃ; and frequently *. אַבְרֵיז to sting. Gittin 84ᵃ אי בעי מַבְרִיז וכ׳ if he chooses, he may sting himself with thorns and he will not fall asleep (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) מחריז, see חֲרַז). ↗ original

בִּרְזָא 1 (the preceding) bung-hole, bung. Avodah Zarah 59ᵇ דאישתקיל ברזיה Munich manuscript (edition דאישתקיל לברזא) whose bung was taken out. the same place (ibid.) כל דלהדי ב׳ all the wine facing the bung-hole (the first gush of wine). the same place (ibid.) 60ᵃ עד דב׳ Munich manuscript (edition הב׳, Rashi ב׳) to a level with etc., i.e. the wine above the bung-hole. Shabbath 139ᵇ. Bava Bathra 98ᵃ שני בב׳ (Manuscript Hamburg בברזָהּ) changed the bung-hole (or the bung). ↗ original

בִּרְזָא 2 (בזא 2; see אֲבִרְזִין) cut (leather), strap; horse-line. Chagigah 9ᵇ כי ב׳ סומקא וכ׳ as a red line for a white horse (Munich manuscript כוַרְדָּא). [Berachoth 59ᵃ דברזא, read דברדא, see גְּזִיזָא.]—plural בִּרְזֵי. Shabbath 117ᵃ שקיל ליה בב׳ he stripped the hide strap-wise. Cmp. בִּיזְלֵי. ↗ original

בַּרְזֵג (denominative of בר זוג) to couple, join (compare איתברנש Syriac (Peshitta), Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 582). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 32, 4 מכרזג, read מְבַרְזֵג (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 זַוֵּוג). the same place (ibid.) 34, 6 (variant reading למזווגא). Targum Psalms 68, 7 לבר זוגא (read לבַרְזוּגָן). ↗ original

ברזות , see בִּרְזַית ↗ original

בַּרְזֵיל , see בַּזֵּל ↗ original

ברזילא , see כַּרְזִילָא ↗ original

בַּרְזִינָא (see בְּרַז a. בִּרְזָא I) a tap, sample of wine, whence barzina, a liquid measure, one thirty-second of a Log (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh)). Shabbath 109ᵇ ב׳ לזיבורא a barzina (of urin) is a remedy for a hornet’s sting. ↗ original

בִּרְזַיִת (ברזות Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Birzayith (I Chronicles 7, 31). Bereshith Rabbah section 71 end (explained = בִּיר זַיִת). ↗ original

בַּרְזִיתָא (ברז) spit, see בּוּרְטְיָא. ↗ original

בַּרְזֶל iron, iron tool. Bereshith Rabbah section 75 לובשי ב׳ clad in iron armor; and frequently—צאן ב׳ flock sold to payment in terms under the condition that the young be divided until the payment in full has taken place. Bechoroth 2, 4, see וָלָד.—(נכסי) עבדי צאן ב׳ mort-main, wife’s estate held by her husband, which, in case of her death or divorce, he must restore in specie, being responsible whith all his landed property for loss or deterioration. Yevamoth 7, 1; and frequently; see נְכָסִים. ↗ original

בַּרְזֶל ² Targum I Kings 22, 12; and elsewhere—Shabbath 66ᵇ קול ב׳ (Munich manuscript קל פ׳). 5. פַּרְזְלָא ↗ original

בַּרְזָנִיתָא (ברז) boring, tapping. Bava Metzia 40ᵇ טרחיה ודמי בַרְזָנִיתֵיה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בַּרזַנְיָיתָא plural; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 30) his (the seller’s) trouble and the value of his tapping (the sample; see בַּרְזִינָא). [variant reading in Rashi כוז׳ his calling out, offering for sale, see כְּרַז.] ↗ original

בָּרַח , see ברר) to break through, pass through (Exodus 36, 33). Denom. בָּרִיחַ. to flee. Eruvin 13ᵇ הבּוֹרֵחַ מן הגדולה he who flees office. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 13, 13ᶜ, and elsewhere בְּרַח מן ג׳ וכ׳ shun three things. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵇ top, see בָּקַע; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְרִיחַ to cause to flee, drive out, exclude. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 15, 15ᵃ top להַבְרִיחוֹ מנכסיו to force him to flee and abandon his property. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 5, 47ᵃ אדם מַבְרִיחַ עצמו מן השבועה one will try to shirk the responsibilities of a guardian on account of the oath (which the court asks of him) but one will not do so on account of payment (to which he may eventually be subjected, see Tosafoth to Bava Kamma 39ᵇ). to abstract, steal, defraud. Bava Kamma 113ᵃ ה׳ את המכס to smuggle. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 6, beginning 30ᶜ שלא תהא מַבְרֶחֶת משל וכ׳ that she should not take stealthily something which belongs to her husband. Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּבְרַח to be chased, scattered. Echah Rabbah to 1, 21 הוּבְרְחוּ ענני וכ׳ the clouds of glory were withdrawn (Rosh Hashanah 3ᵃ נסתלקו). ↗ original

בְּרַח Af'el אַבְרַח as the preceding Hif'il, to withhold. Bava Kamma 88ᵇ לאברוחינהו לנכסיה מניה in order to withhold his property from etc., i.e. to disinherit. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּרַח to be driven off, withheld. Targum Job 6, 13 (Hebrew text נדחה). ↗ original

בַּרְחָא (ברח, see בָּרַח ) [one that breaks through, compare Micah 2, 13;] leader of the flock (Hebrew עַתּוּד), bell-wether, buck. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 10, end, 7ᶜ if the restored sheep is as distinguishable כגון אהן ב׳ as the barḥa. the same place (ibid.) what does כגון אהן ב׳ mean? Some say חוטרא etc., see פַּנְדּוּרָא a. מַשְׂכּוֹכִית. Babylonian Bava Kamma 20ᵃ top of the page the same place (ibid.) 48ᵃ. Shabbath 18ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 152ᵃ ב׳ קרחא a bald buck (sneer at R. Joshua b. Karḥa; see גַּוְזַנְיָא). ↗ original

בְּרִטַנְיָא , see בְּרִיטַנְיָא ↗ original

בֵּרַי , see בֵּירַאי 2). ↗ original

ברי 1 , see ברר) to hollow out, perforate, see Hif'il a. בָּרָה. to think out, plan (compare בָּדָא, חָקַק); to create. Sanhedrin 38ᵇ when the Lord wanted לִבְרֹאות את וכ׳ to create man. Bereshith Rabbah section 8 שב׳ … ואח"כ בְּרָאוֹ for He first created all the means of his support and then created him (Adam); and very frequently—participle active בּוֹרֵא which see—participle passive בָּרוּא, feminine בְּרוּאָה. Bereshith Rabbah section 44 (referring to Isaiah 4, 5 וּבָרָא) כבר היא ב׳ וכ׳ it (the futurity) is already created and prepared. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִבְרָא to be created. the same place (ibid.) section 8 אל יִבָּרֵא let him not be created. Sanhedrin 38ᵃ; and very frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְרִיא (denominative of (denominative of בַּר) to come outside, bore, perforate. Chullin 43ᵇ שמא ה׳ lest it (the thorn found in the throat) may have perforated (the gullet); see below. (denominative of בָּרִיא) to get well, recover; to be strong or stout (fat). Meïl. 17ᵃ יכחיש או יַבְרִיא does he wish him to be lean (feeble) or to be strong?—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 3, 17ᵈ bottom of the page שמא יבריא for he may get well again. Chullin 33ᵃ הרוצה שיַבְ׳ he who wants to be strong. Shabbath 19, 5; and frequently [Chullin 43ᵇ שמא ה׳ lest the wound created by perforation be healed, Rashi; see above.] ↗ original

ברי to create. Targum Genesis 1, 1; and frequently [Targum Proverbs 20, 12 אלהא אברי, probably to be read אלהא ברא as the same place (ibid.) 22, 2.]—Sanhedrin 65ᵇ ברו עלמא they might create a world. the same place (ibid.) 67 לא מצי ברי he (the demon) cannot create. [the same place (ibid.) ומיברי, ומיברו, see Ithpeel] (see the preceding Hif'il) to get well, strong etc. Chullin 93ᵇ מדלא קא בַרְיִין since they do not grow (develop). the same place (ibid.) 46ᵇ הדרא בַרְיָא gets well again. [Taanith 21ᵇ זיל בריא, see Af'el] to cut, shape. Targum Isaiah 40, 20.— (see בַּר I Chaldaic (Aramaic), Pi'el 2) to expel, exile. Targum Proverbs 24, 24 (Hebrew text זעם). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַבְרִי to strengthen, make well, make grow. Targum 2 Samuel 3, 35 (variant reading לאוֹכָלָא, see הַבְרָאָה). Sukkah 44ᵇ; Moed Katan 3ᵃ אַבְרוּיֵי אילני to make the trees stronger (facilitate their growth); Avodah Zarah 50ᵇ אברויי וכ׳, opposite אוקומי to preserve the trees. Niddah 47ᵇ; Yevamoth 97ᵃ אַבְרְיוּהוּ make him grow fat (feed him well). Taanith 21ᵇ זיל אַבְרֵי נפשך (edition בריא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) go and strengthen thyself. to permeate, perforate. Chullin 112ᵃ דאבריה (the blood) soaked through the bread. the same place (ibid.) 93ᵇ דץ ביה מידי דמברי ליה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition only דץ ביה מידי) if he stuck something into it which perforated it (making a passage for the blood). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיתְבְּרִי, אִתְבְּרִיא , contracted אִיבְּרִי. to be created. Targum Genesis 2, 4; and frequently—Bereshith Rabbah section 78 מן הן דאתבריין (to) where they were created from. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 5 וכדון אִתְבְּרִיַית וכ׳ now thou hast been created again a new creature (having escaped a great danger).—Berachoth 54ᵇ איברי ליה וכ׳ a well was created (arose) before him. Sanhedrin 65ᵇ; 67ᵇ ומִיבְּרִי להו וכ׳ (not ומיברו, Yalkut Shimoni manuscript איברי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 4) and a three years’ calf was created (arose) before them (Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 182 ומַבְרֵי they created). to become strong. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 8, 26ᶜ מכיון דאִבְּרִי ליביה עלוי וכ׳ since his heart (passion) became so strong over him as to do this (or דאַבְרֵי Af'el he allowed his passion to become so strong etc.). (see בַּר I, בָּרָא) to grow wild. Niddah 50ᵇ (explain. the expression תרנגול ברא used by a scholar) דאיבראי ממרה (= שמרדה) that became too wild (uncontrollable) to her owner. ↗ original

ברי 2 (Biblical Hebrew) to cut out (see בָּרָא). participle passive בָּרוּי, fem. בְּרוּיָה hollowed out. Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 3, 3, see חִידּוּק a. כָּרָה. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְרָה denominative of בָּרִי , see ברי I Hif'il) to strengthen, to offer refreshment, especially to mourners on coming from the funeral. Moed Katan 3, 7 ואין מַבְרִין and no mourner’s meal is offered (during the festive week). Sanhedrin 2, 3. the same place (ibid.) 20ᵃ, see כָּרָה; and frequently 5. הַבְרָאָה. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ top המברה בחרשים read המבְהֶה, see בהי Hebrew] ↗ original

בָּרִי see בָּרָא) in natural condition, whence (compare אֵיתָן) healthy, strong, stout, fat. Bava Bathra 147ᵇ and the following (opposite sick). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 6, 55ᵇ top (opposite תש, of tender build); and frequently sound, sure, evident. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 1, 52ᵇ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 2, 29ᵇ bottom of the page דבר ב׳ שלא וכ׳ it is sure that he did not etc.—ב׳ לי I am sure. Chullin 10ᵃ; and frequently—ב׳ ושמא ‘sure’ and ‘perhaps’, the plea of two litigants, one asserting a certainty, the other pleading ignorance or offering a possible alternative. Kethuboth 12ᵇ; Bava Metzia 37ᵇ; and frequently sound, firm. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 4 honey ב׳ כאבן as solid as a stone; and frequently—plural בְּרִיאִים. Vayikra Rabbah section 17 ב׳ כאולם as sound as the Temple hall.—Chullin 84ᵃ ממשפחת ב׳ of a healthy, stout family; and frequently—Fem. בְּרִיאָה. Kiddushin 71ᵇ בבל ב׳ Babylon is sound (as to purity of descent). Eruvin 62ᵃ שכירות ב׳ a sound (legitimate) lease, opposite רעועה rickety; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 1, 19ᵃ בְּרִיָּיה a strong, solid rafter.—plural בְּרִיאוֹת, בְּרִיּיוֹת. the same place (ibid.) top ברויות edition Krot. (correct accordingly). ↗ original

בְּרִי Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 10, 6.—Taanith 29ᵇ דב׳ מזליה when his (the Israelite’s) luck is good, opposite ריע מ׳ bad luck.—Yoma 57ᵃ top השתא ברי וכ׳ now it is sure ye are unclean (rejected by the Lord).—plural בְּרִיֵי. Kethuboth 60ᵇ and the following בני ב׳ strong children.—Fem. בַּרְיָא, בַּרְיָיא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 4, 7. ↗ original

בָּרְיָא Creator, see בָּרְיָיא. ↗ original

בְּרִיאָה (Biblical Hebrew) feminine (ברא) creation, formation. Bereshith Rabbah section 1; Vayikra Rabbah section 36 לב׳ שמים וכ׳ as to creation (plan), the heavens were the first; as to finishing (execution) etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 7, end בְּרִיָּיתוֹ של עולם the creation of the world. Bereshith Rabbah section 17 man looks למקום ברייתו to where he was created from (the earth), woman … למקום בְּרִיָּיתָהּ to where she was made from (the rib); and frequently—Mikvaoth 6, 7 כל שהוא מבְּרִיַּית המיים whatever originates in the water (aquatic plants or animals).—Makkoth 17ᵃ, and frequently חיטה אחת כברייתה one wheat grain in its natural condition, נמלה כברייתה an ant in its natural condition (though small). the same place (ibid.) בריית נשמה the natural condition of an animated being.—Niddah 3, 7 בריית הזכר the formation of a male embryo. Bava Kamma 94ᵇ חוזר לברייתו is changed into its original condition. ↗ original

בְּרִיאוּת (בָּרִי) health, strength, fleshiness. Esther Rabbah to 1, 3. ↗ original

בְּרִיאוּתָא Niddah 47ᵇ מחמת בריאותֵה (or read … תא) on account of (his) obesity. Bechoroth 45ᵇ ב׳ אתחלא וכ׳ it is (unusual) strength which happened to rest in the left hand (and left-handedness is therefore no defect), opposite כחישותא weakness. ↗ original

בְּרִיבִּי , see בְּרַבִּי ↗ original

בִּרְיָה (ברא) creature; human being; (frequently masc.) man. Tosefta Kilayim 1, 9 ביריא. Berachoth 17ᵃ; and frequently—plural בְּרִיּוֹת. Chullin 127ᵃ ב׳ גְּדֵלוֹת בים creatures living in the Sea.—הַבְּ׳ (often masculine) people, mankind. Yoma 86ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original

בָּרָיָה , see בָּרָאָה ↗ original

*בריה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵈ top, see בִּירְיָא 2 ↗ original

בִּרְיוֹן (denominative of בִּירָה) palace-soldier, castle-guard, keeper. Shemoth Rabbah section 30 משל לב׳ וכ׳ this is to be compared to a palace-soldier who was drunk etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1056 ללבריון (read לב׳).—plural בִּרְיוֹנִים, בִּירְ׳. Shemoth Rabbah the passage cited ב׳ שלו וכ׳ his palace-guard sneered at his purple cloak.—בִּרְיוֹנוֹת. Mechilta Beshallach, Amalek 1, העמידו עליו ב׳ קשים they appointed over him cruel guards; Tanchuma the same place (ibid.) 25 עמדו עליו בריונים וכ׳ (read העמידו); Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᵃ bottom of the page בורניות (correct accordingly). Cmp. בִּירָנִית. ↗ original

בַּרְיוֹנָא (see בְּרָא Ithpeel 3, compare בַּרְיוּתָא) rebel, outlaw, highway-man.—plural בַּרְיוֹנֵי, בִּי׳. Gittin 56ᵃ הנהו ב׳ those rebels (the war party during the last siege of Jerusalem by the Romans). the same place (ibid.) Abba Sikra ריש ב׳ chief of the rebels.—Berachoth 10ᵃ הנהו ב׳ דהוו וכ׳ there were some highway-men living in the neighborhood of etc. Taanith 23ᵇ א"נ הנהו בי׳ וכ׳ edition (omitted in Munich manuscript a. other). the same place (ibid.) 24ᵃ הנך ב׳ Munich manuscript (edition בני מאתיה, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim l. note 2). Sanhedrin 37ᵃ בַּרְייוֹ׳; and frequently ↗ original

בְּרִיּוּת health, see בְּרִיאוּת; בְּרִיּוּתָא, see בְּרִיאוּתָא. ↗ original

בַּרְיוּתָא (see בַּרְיוֹנָא) rebellion, defiance of the law. Sotah 19ᵇ; 20ᵃ מחמת ב׳ (refusal to drink the searching water) in defiance, opposite רתיתא, ביעתותא. *[Targum Proverbs 25, 20, probably to be read בְּדִיחוּתָא; edition Lagarde edition כַּרְיוּתָא. The entire verse is a corrupt combination of two versions.] ↗ original

בְּרֵיז , see בְּרַז ↗ original

בָּרֵיז (ברז) channel, stream. Targum I Samuel 14, 26 (Hebrew text הלך). ↗ original

בָּרִיחַ bolt.—plural בְּרִיחִים, בְּרִיחִין. Shemoth Rabbah section 52; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 417. ↗ original

בְּרִיחָה (ברח) flight. Bereshith Rabbah section 74; and elsewhere ↗ original

בריחי , Shabbath 21ᵃ; 145ᵇ sick persons, see כְּרִיהָא. ↗ original

בְּרִיטַנְיָא Britannia, Great Britain. Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 945. the same place (ibid.) Song of Songs 586, see בַּרְבַּרְיָא. ↗ original

בָּרְיָיא , Creator, God. Targum Proverbs 17, 5 בָּרְיֵהּ his Maker; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᵈ איקריה דבָרְיִי the honor of my Maker. Bereshith Rabbah section 68 מה אנא מובד סברי מן בריי why should I give up my hope in my Creator? Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 3, beginning 47ᵃ דמי לבָרְיֵיכוֹן is like that of your Maker, see דּוּגְמָא; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, 20ᵃ top לבירייתכון (correct accordingly). Vayikra Rabbah section 15 ובוֹרְיָיךְ קאים לך and thy Maker will assist thee; and frequently ↗ original

בָּרָיָיא external, see בָּרָאָה. ↗ original

בְּרִיָּיה creation, see בְּרִיאָה. ↗ original

בִּרְיָיה creature, see בִּרְיָה. ↗ original

בָּרָיָיה foreign, strange, see בָּרָאָה. ↗ original

בָּרַיְיתָא , see בָּרָאָה ↗ original

בִּרְיְיתָא , plural בִּרְיָיתָא, see בִּרְיְתָא. ↗ original

בְּרִיכָא shoot, see בִּרְכָּא. ↗ original

בְּרִיכָה (ברך) bending the knee. Bereshith Rabbah section 39; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᶜ bottom of the page (different interpretation or differently interpreted frequently כריעה). the same place (ibid.) 3ᵈ top לך ב׳ unto thee bending is due; and elsewhere (denomin. of בֶּרֶךְ) knee, young shoot. Orlah 1, 5 if a tree has been dying ובו ב׳ וכ׳ but there is a shoot on it …: the old stem is again like a young shoot (with referring to the fruits of the first years, see עָרְלָה). Rosh Hashanah 15ᵇ; Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 20 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) אילן העושה ב׳ אחת (edition ברך) a tree which shoots only once a year (its fruits growing all at once), opposite שתי בריכות (explained Rosh Hashanah the passage cited כעין שתי ב׳) two crops, i.e. early and late fruits. (from the position of the hatching bird) brood, especially of doves. Bava Bathra 5, 3; Betzah 10ᵃ ב׳ ראשונה the first brood of the year.—plural בְּרִיכוֹת. Rosh Hashanah the passage cited; Tosefta Shevi'ith the passage cited Yevamoth 63ᵃ בִּרְכּוֹת, see בָּרַךְ Hif'il ↗ original

בְּרֵיכָה pond, lake. Mikvaoth 6, 11 אחד משלש … לב׳ one three hundred and twentieth part of the bathing pond. Bereshith Rabbah section 39 (referring to בְּרָכָה Genesis 12, 12) קרי ביה ב׳ וכ׳ read b’rekhah, a pond, as the pond cleanses the unclean (by immersion) etc.; Bamidbar Rabbah section 11; and frequently—plural בְּרֵיכוֹת, בְּרֵכ׳. Makhshirin 2, 3.—Cmp. נִבְרֶכֶת. ↗ original

בְּרֵיכְתָא feminine Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew בְּרֵיכָה. Targum Isaiah 22, 9; and elsewhere ↗ original

*בָּרִין Ram Barin, a border town of Northern Palestine (district of Tyre; perh. Kefr Bureim, Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 23). Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 22ᵈ top; Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 10 רמכוך, variant reading רומברך. Yerushalmi (prefix) the passage cited עד כדון for which Rabbenu Shimshon to Demai 2, 1 בּוּרָן (probably the same). ↗ original

בְּרֵיק , see בְּרַק ↗ original

בריקא , see בורדיקא׳ ↗ original

בריקשון , see בריכסון ↗ original

בָּרִיר clear, pure, certain; polished, bright. Targum Psalms 18, 27 (Hebrew text נָבָר). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 22, 2 (variant reading בָּרוּר); and frequently—plural בְּרִירִין, בְּרִירָן. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 8, 9, Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 8, 9; and frequently chosen, peculiar. Ibid. 29, 12. ↗ original

בְּרִירָה (ברר) sifting, assorting. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵇ top [read:] כל מה שהותר מכלל ב׳ וכ׳ what is allowed on Holy Days as coming under the category of sifting, is not always allowed … on the Sabbath; Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, 60ᵈ (usually משום בורר). ↗ original

בְּרֵירָה (ברר) choosing, choice, especially as a dialectic term, B’rerah, subsequent selection, retrospective designation, i.e. the legal effect resulting from an actual selection or disposal of things previously undefined as to their purpose, e.g. a letter of divorce must be written, with special intention, for the persons concerned; now, “if one says to a scribe, ‘Write for me a letter of divorce for one of my wives whom I may choose to divorce’, none of them can be divorced with it” (Gittin 3, 1), upon which the remark is made (the same place (ibid.) 24ᵇ) הא קא משמע לן דאין ב׳ this rule of the Mishnah implies the adoption of the principle that subsequent disposal does not react on the original status of the letter of divorce, so as to say that this subsequent selection is equal to a defined intention at the time when the deed was to be written. [The question of B’rerah, i.e. whether a subsequent disposal has or has not a retrospective legal effect, is widely spread in the Talmud, referring both to judicial as well as to ritual cases.] Yoma 55ᵇ ר׳ … לית ליה ב׳ R. Judah rejects the principle of B’rerah; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵇ אי אמרינן ב׳ וכ׳ if we adopt the principle of B., let four Zuz (the value of one offering) be taken out of the bag and thrown into the water, and the balance of the money be permitted for use. Chullin 14ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original

בָּרִירוּ , see בְּרִירוּתָא ↗ original

בְּרִירוּת (ברר) clearness, pureness, innocence. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 67ᵃ ב׳ כפיך innocence of thy hands (explained bor, Job 22, 30). ↗ original

בְּרִירוּתָא Targum Onkelos Exodus 24, 10 (brightness, Hebrew text טהר); and elsewhere—Targum Proverbs 16, 15 edition Lagarde edition (variant reading ביריאתא). ↗ original

בְּרִית properly circle, ring, chain, hence oath (of fidelity), solemn injunction; covenant treatise. [כרת ב׳ to cut a ring out; to make a covenant; בא בב׳ to enter into the ring, to promise fidelity; הפר ב׳ to break the ring, to break one’s oath etc.] Shabbath 137ᵇ; בריתו של אברהם אבינו (sign of) the covenant of Abraham, circumcision. Avoth 3, 11; and frequently Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵃ מפני ב׳ של א"א on account of the covenant of Abraham (for the sake of human dignity). Bamidbar Rabbah section 18, and frequently ב׳ כרותה לשפתים a law is made for the lips, i.e. words are ominous (referring to לא נעלה, Numbers 16, 12). Bereshith Rabbah section 34, see אָוִיר; and frequently—הַבְּ׳ וכ׳ by the covenant (an oath), indeed. Tosefta Challah 1, 6 ב׳ וכ׳ (variant reading הב׳); Pesachim 38ᵇ indeed, those are the very words etc.; (some explain) indeed?, are those the very etc. (is it a tradition for which no reason needs to be given)?; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 5, 19ᵇ bottom of the page הב׳.—plural בְּרִיתוֹת. Berachoth 48ᵇ and the following שלש ב׳ three covenants (three times the word b’rith, Deuteronomy 28, 69; 29, 8). Tosefta Sotah 8, 10; 11 ב׳ variant reading (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) כְּרִיתוֹת); Sotah 37ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original

בֵּרִית a ring, band, see בֵּירִית. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᵇ top, see כְּרִית.] ↗ original

בִּרְיְתָא = Hebrew בִּרְיָה creature. Targum Isaiah 29, 16; and frequently Targum Ezek. 1, 9; 11 בִּרְיָא each (Hebrew text איש).—plural בִּרְיָתָא, בִּירְיָאתָא, בִּירְ׳. the same place (ibid.) 13 and the following (Hebrew text חַיּוֹת); and frequently Bereshith Rabbah section 60 הדא דב׳ אמרין that is what people say. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי (חד כותאי 1) מפליא בב׳ makes sport of men (interpreting dreams to suit himself). natural state, see בְּרִיָּיה. Bava Kamma 93ᵇ ↗ original

בָּרַיְתָא , see בָּרָאָה ↗ original

בריתא , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 24, 6 כב׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see בְּרָתָא end. ↗ original

בָּרַךְ to cave out. Denom. בְּרֵכָה, בֶּרֶךְ; compare בּוּרְכָּא, בּוּרְכְּתָא. (compare ברר) to select, point out (compare especially Genesis 2, 3) whence to bless (Pi'el).—participle passive בָּרוּךְ chosen, blessed, praised. הקדוש ב׳ הוא (abbr. הקב"ה) the Holy One, blessed be He. Pesachim 118ᵃ; and very frequently the same place (ibid.) 104ᵇ, and frequently פותח בב׳ וכ׳ he (who prays) opens the benediction with barukh and closes with barukh (i.e. ברוך אתה ה׳). Tosefta Sotah 1, 10 ב׳ בכלל, see כְּלָל; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל בֵּרַךְ, בֵּירַךְ (Biblical Hebrew) to praise, bless, especially to recite the due benediction. Berachoth 6, 1. the same place (ibid.) 5 בי׳ על היין having recited the blessing over wine etc. Pesachim 10, 9 ב׳ ברכת הפסח having recited the blessing over the Paschal lamb. the same place (ibid.) 5 אנחנו חייבים … לְבָרֵךְ we are bound to … praise etc.; and very frequently (compare נקב) to blaspheme. Sanhedrin 56ᵃ עד שֶיְבָרֵךְ שם בשם until he blasphemes the Lord by His name. the same place (ibid.) שבי׳ את השם בכינוי who blasphemed the Lord by an attribute.—participle Pu. מְבוֹרָךְ blessed, praiseworthy. Berachoth 7, 3; and frequently *to cut through, to clear virgin ground or forest. Tosefta Shevi'ith 3, 20 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading מגדר); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 35ᵇ bottom of the page מבדין; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ top המברה, see בהי Hebrew [Tosefta Shevi'ith 1, 6 מבורכות, see below.] Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְבָּרֵךְ, , Nithpa. נִתְבָּרֵךְ to be blessed (praised); to be increased (see בְּרָכָה). Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 14ᵃ top ויִתְבָּרַךְ and be blessed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, beginning 80ᵃ if the waters were scanty ונִתְבָּרְכוּ and grew plentiful. Yevamoth 63ᵃ; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְרִיךְ (denominative of בֶּרֶךְ or בְּרִיכָה) to form a knee, to engraft; especially to bend a vine by drawing it into the ground and making it grow forth as an independent plant, to sink. Shevi'ith 2, 6; Rosh Hashanah 10ᵇ; and frequently—Tosefta Shevi'ith 1, 6 אם היו מוּבְרָכוֹת (incorr. מבורכ׳) if they have been sunk before New Year etc.—Yevamoth 63ᵃ (allud. to Genesis 12, 3) שתי ברכית טובות יש לי להַבְרִיךְ בך two good shoots (proselytes) have I to engraft on thee, Ruth and etc. (Bava Kamma 38ᵇ … פרידות וכ׳). ↗ original

בְּרַךְ participle Peil בְּרִיךְ blessed. Targum Genesis 9, 26; and frequently—Shabbath 67ᵃ, and frequently קודשא ב׳ הוא the Holiness (Holy One), blessed be He. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to. 4, 4; Bereshith Rabbah section 32 הדין טורא בְּרִיכָא this blessed mount (Gerizim, revered by the Samaritans; Devarim Rabbah section 3 קדיש). Pa'el פִּעֵל בָּרֵיךְ, בָּרִיךְ as the preceding Pi'el to bless etc. Targum Deuteronomy 8, 10; and frequently—Esp. to say grace after meal. Berachoth 46ᵃ כי מטי לְבָרוּכֵי וכ׳ when it was time to say grace, he said, Will you please, say grace for us. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 10ᵇ מהו למיבָרְכָה בסופה what benediction must be said after it? the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page לא אנא חכים מברכא I do not know how to say grace after it.—participle passive מְבָרַךְ. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 49, 2. to blaspheme. Targum Job 2, 9.—Sanhedrin 56ᵃ לישנא דברוכי in the sense of blaspheming. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבָּרֵיךְ as the preceding Hithpa'el Targum Genesis 12, 3; and frequently ↗ original

בֶּרֶךְ the preceding) knee. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᵈ top of the page a knee-shaped pole. Taanith 25ᵇ כמלא ב׳ חמחרישה (variant reading כוך, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) (until the rain penetrates) as far as the knee of the plough enters the soil; Oholoth 17, 1 בו׳. Kelim 21, 2 בו׳. [Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 20 ברך, see בְּרִיכָה.]—Dual בִּרְכַּיִם. Berachoth 34ᵇ; Megillah 22ᵇ; Shevuoth 16ᵇ כריעה על ב׳ the word כרע means falling on one’s knees. [בִּרְכּוֹת, see בְּרִיכָה.] ↗ original

בֶּרֶךְ ² knee. Targum Isaiah 45, 23.—plural בִּרְכַּיָא, בִּרְכֵּי, בִּי׳. Targum Judges 7, 6; and elsewhere—Berachoth 6ᵃ הנהו ב׳ וכ׳ those fatigued knees (of scholars) must be ascribed to them (the demons). Pesachim 108ᵃ, see זְגָא. = Hebrew בְּרִיכָה. plural בִּירְכֵּי shoots, branches. Tamid 30ᵃ top (variant reading in Rashi בְּרִיכֵי, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בורכי). ↗ original

בִּרְכָא , feminine Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew, blessing, plenty. Targum Isaiah 19, 24.—בִּרְכָאן plenty for us, we have enough with. Bereshith Rabbah section 78 אית במאתן ב׳ we have enough with two hundred fables; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 133 בִּרְכָן.—plural בִּרְכָן, בִּי׳; Targum Onkelos Genesis 27, 12 (Yerushalmi (prefix) בִּרְכָאָן; the same place (ibid.) 13 בִּירְכַן). [בִּרְכַיָּא Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 28, 2, some edition] 5. בִּרְכְתָא. ↗ original

בְּרָכָה blessing, bestowal of prosperity, good wishes, choice, plenty. Kethuboth 5ᵃ הואיל … ב׳ לדגים because on it the blessing was given to the fish (Genesis 1, 22, to be fruitful). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, beginning 24ᵈ אין כתיב ב׳ וכ׳ the blessing (Genesis 2, 3) refers not to man but to the day.—Eruvin 63ᵇ, and frequently תבא עליו ב׳ blessing rest upon him (he acts rightly). Kethuboth 103ᵃ; Bava Bathra 144ᵇ בִּרְכַת הבית ברובה the blessing of a house consists in the number of inmates (every member of a household contributes to its comfort); Tosefta Kethuboth 12, 3 ב׳ הבית מרובה. Bava Metzia 42ᵃ אין הב׳ מצוייה וכ׳ blessing (unexpected supply, miraculous increase) will not take place in things which are weighed etc.; Taanith 8ᵇ; and frequently—Pesachim 50ᵇ, and frequently אינו רואה סימן ב׳ לעולם will never see a sign of prosperity; and frequently benediction, prayer to be recited on certain occasions. Berachoth 35ᵃ man must not taste anything בלא ב׳ without a blessing. the same place (ibid.) 40ᵇ כל ב׳ שאין וכ׳ a benediction in which the Name of the Lord is not invoked, is no benediction; and frequently—plural בְּרָכוֹת. 1) blessings, benedictions. the same place (ibid.) 45ᵇ; and very frequently—Shabbath 115ᵇ כותבי ב׳ those who write out the formulas of prayer.—2) B’rakhoth, the first treatise of the Mishnah, Talmud, a. Tosefta.—Compounds: בִּרְכַת אבלים the prayer for consolation inserted in the mourners’ grace after meal. Kethuboth 8ᵇ; and frequently—ב׳ ארוסין benediction preceding betrothal, see אֵרוּסִין the same place (ibid.) 7ᵇ.—ב׳ הארץ that portion of the grace after meal which refers to Palestine. the same place (ibid.) 8ᵇ.—ב׳ הזבח the benediction before partaking of the festive offering (חֲגִיגָה) which accompanies the Paschal lamb. Pesachim 10, 9 (120ᵃ).—ב׳ הזימון the appeal to the partakers of a meal to say grace, common prayer. Berachoth 45ᵇ.—ב׳ חתנים benediction on performing the marriage ceremony, also inserted in the grace after wedding meals during seven days. Kethuboth 8ᵇ.—ב׳ כהנים the priestly benediction (Numbers 6, 24—26). Sotah 7, 6.—ב׳ המזון grace after meal. Kethuboth the passage cited—ב׳ המצוות benediction on performing a divine command (of a symbolic nature). the same place (ibid.) 7ᵇ.—ב׳ רחבה benediction of consolation pronounced in open air on the mourners’ return from burial (see הַבְרָאָה). the same place (ibid.) 8ᵇ.—ב׳ התורה benediction before and after reading the Law. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᶜ.—[For other compounds see the respective determinants.] blasphemy. בִּרְכַת השם. Sanhedrin 56ᵃ and the following; (Tosefta Avodah Zarah 8 (9), 4 קיללת). ↗ original

ברכוייד , Tosefta Kilayim 3, 12, read בּוּכַּרְיָא or בּוּכַּרְיָיא. ↗ original

בִּרְכַּיָּיר (= בֵּיר כַּיָּיר, see בֵּירִית a. כּוּר)the stove-setter’s knee-band, the brick-layer’s cushion (on which he kneels at work). Kelim 26, 3 (Talmud edition בור׳). ↗ original

ברכר , Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵃ, see כַּרְכָּר ↗ original

בְּרֵכַת = בְּרֵכָה. Tosefta Mikvaoth 4, 8. ↗ original

בִּרְכְתָא Targum Genesis 27, 36; and frequently—Berachoth 51ᵇ כסא דב׳ (= Hebrew כוס של ברכה) the cup for the grace after meal. Chagigah 5ᵇ איכו השתא מנעתן מהאי בי׳ how near thou camest depriving us of this blessing; and frequently—plural בִּרְכָתָא, בִּי׳. Targum Deuteronomy 28, 2; and frequently ↗ original

בְּרַכְתָּא B’rakhta. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵇ bottom of the page; compare, however, מַבְרַכְתָּא. ↗ original

בְּרַם conj. (ברם to split, √בר, compare פרם, see בּוֹרְמָא) besides. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 36, 7. however. Daniel 4, 12; 5, 17.—Targum Psalms 58, 3; and frequently only, but. Targum Genesis 7, 23. Targum Lamentations 3, 3 (Hebrew text אַךְ). Targum Psalms 58, 2 הב׳ בקושטא is it only in truth (indeed)?—Shabbath 63ᵇ; Eruvin 16ᵇ, and frequently ב׳ כך אמרו but in fact they said this. Bava Metzia 114ᵃ.—3) interjection truly!, surely! Shabbath 13ᵇ; Chagigah 13ᵃ; Menachoth 45ᵇ ב׳ זכור וכ׳ truly! this man be remembered for blessing!—[Chullin 112ᵃ דאברים some edition, read: דאבריה, see בְּרָא.] ↗ original

בַּרְנֵישׁ , see בַּרְנֵשׁ ↗ original

ברנקיא , Targum Isaiah 3, 22 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), edition לבורניקיא which see ↗ original

בַּרְנֵשׁ Barnesh, in Babylon, probably the modern Khar-Birnus, near Helle (Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 345), having in its vicinity a Synagogue named after Daniel. Eruvin 21ᵃ. Bava Metzia 73ᵇ ↗ original

בִּרְסִין (birrus, βίῤῥος, see בִּירוֹס; formed with a geographical termination, compare בִּרְדְּסִין) birrus, a cloak of thick woolen material. Kilayim 9, 7 (Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בד׳); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 32ᵈ top בּוּרְסִין; explained בריה, see בִּירְיָא 2. Sifré Deuteronomy 234 סדסים read as Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 933 בורס׳. ↗ original

ברסנה , see כַּרְסָנָא ↗ original

בָּרַץ (√בר; compare ברז, see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 618) to break through. Pi'el פִּעֵל בֵּרֵץ to cut through from end to end. participle Pu. מְבוֹרָץ. Tosefta Kilayim 3, 10 חריץ המב׳ a ditch which is cut through, going from end to end of the vineyard (Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 5, 3 מפולש). Menachoth 1, 2 קמצו מב׳ the priest’s grasp of the meal offering must be coming forth on both sides. ↗ original

בְּרַץ ; Pa'el בָּרֵץ to bore. Avodah Zarah 59ᵇ ובִירְצוּהָ עד דשייפא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition ובָרצוה) and bore into the keg, until it is emptied (Rashi: bend it towards the bung-hole). ↗ original

בַּרְצוּץ (the preceding, compare Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 618 under the word ברץ, a. Ges. H. Dictionary under the word פאר) the crown of the turban. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 39, 28 (Hebrew text פארי). ↗ original

בַּרְצִיתָא Be-Bartsitha. Moed Katan 4ᵇ לבי ב׳ early edition (late edition לבני בר ציתאי, Munich manuscript בר צרתא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)). ↗ original

בָּרַק , see ברר) to be bright, shine, flash. Bava Bathra 97ᵇ (יין) בּוֹרֵק white effervescent wine (not fully fermented; variant reading בּוֹדֵק searching in the bowels, i.e. causing diarrhœa, see בָּדַק); Tosefta Menachoth 9, 9 הַבּוֹרֵיק (supply (understood word) יין) the effervescent (wine), see בָּארַג; Yoma 28ᵇ top, see next word Tosefta Terumoth 7, 16 [read:] ב׳ והניחו if it was effervescent when he left it. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִבְרִיק (compare (compare ברץ ברח) to cut through from end to end. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 5, 29ᵈ bottom of the page עד שיהא מַבְרִיק כדי וכ׳ until it (the ditch in the vineyard) passes through from end to end, wide enough for man and his tilling cattle. (denominative of בָּרָק) to be affected by lightning, get blind (or get vermin). Bava Metzia 6, 3, explained the same place (ibid.) 78ᵃ אבזקת a. נהוריתא. ↗ original

בְּרַק 1 , to shine, rise. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, beginning 40ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 2, beginning 57ᵈ what is בורקי (Mishnah Yoma 3, 1)? It means בָּרֶקֶת, the rising light, as people say in Babylonia (בְּרַק ברוקא) בְּרוּק ברוקה the sparkling (star) shines, meaning אנהר מנהורא the light-giver (morning star) gives light. [Babylonian Yoma 28ᵇ (hebr.) בָּרַק ברקאי.] Berachoth 59ᵃ (explained רעמים) ברקא תקיפא דבריק בעננא וכ׳ an intense lightning which flashes through the cloud and breaks pieces of hailstone, (variant reading see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַבְרֵיק to send forth lightning (fulminare). Targum Psalms 144, 6.—Targum 2 Esther 3, 8 מבריקין עיניהון their eyes sparkling (in defiance). [Chullin 112ᵃ דאבריק some edition, read דאבריה, see בְּרָא.] ↗ original

בָּרָק the preceding) lightning. Vayikra Rabbah section 31.—plural בְּרָקִים. Berachoth 9, 2; and frequently ↗ original

בְּרַק 2 (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a place B’ne B’rak (Joshua 19, 45, modern Ibn Ibrak) near Japho, seat of R. Akiba’s college. Sanhedrin 32ᵇ. Vayikra Rabbah section 21. Tosefta Shabbath 3 (4), 3. ↗ original

בְּרַק 3 = Hebrew בָּרָק. Targum Deuteronomy 32, 41 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 בְּרָקָא); and frequently—Berachoth 59ᵃ ב׳ יחידאה a single flash (for version see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)); and frequently—plural בְּרָקִין, בַּרְקִין, בַּרְקַיָּא, בַּרְקֵי. Targum Psalms 18, 15; and frequently [Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 2, beginning ברק ברקא, read בַּרְקַאי.] Berachoth the passage cited וברקיא ירוקתא some edition (read ירוקרקי as Munich manuscript). the same place (ibid.) דבריק ברקי ומנהמי וכ׳ (read דברוק, see also Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) the lightnings break through and make the clouds rumble etc. white cataract (see בָּרַק Hif'il), compare בַּרְקִית. Bechoroth 38ᵇ וסימנך ברקא and thy sign (by which to remember which of the two affections of the eye is considered a blemish) take barka (meaning white and cataract, and like the cataract is the floating white spot in the eye a disqualifying blemish). 5. next word ↗ original

בַּרְקָא 2 (ברק) (adjective) shining, white. Sanhedrin 98ᵃ סוסיא ב׳ a white horse, see בָּארַג.—plural בַּרְקֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 8, 16ᵇ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 60ᶜ bottom of the page he let him ride אתרי ריכשי ב׳ on two white steeds (i.e. the donator gave him a doubly fortified document; another opinion: he made him ride on two …, which run in different directions, i.e. the document is invalid; see explanation ibid., compare Bava Bathra 152ᵃ, Kethuboth 55ᵃ. Gittin 69ᵃ שודרא ב׳ a string of white hair. Shabbath 67ᵃ; Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ נירא ב׳ a white thread (of hair). (as a noun) something white, white thread. the same place (ibid.) וליתוב ב׳ וכ׳ and let him put a white thread around one end. the same place (ibid.) פתילי ב׳ Munich manuscript (edition פתילתא ביקרא, correct accordingly) strings of white stuff. ↗ original

*בַּרְקָא 3 (see בָּרַק Hif'il) a compartment near the house with windows on all sides, a kind of piazza. Eruvin 15ᵃ (Rashi Munich manuscript בדקא). Bava Bathra 61ᵃ ב׳ חלילא Munich manuscript a. other (edition בדקא; explained יציע) a piazza open all around. ↗ original

בַּרְקַאי 1 morning star. Yoma 3, 1; 28ᵇ; see בְּרַק. [Yerushalmi (prefix) edition בּוֹרְקַי which see] ↗ original

בַּרְקַאי 2 , see בּוֹרְקַי 2. כְּפַר ב׳ K’far Barkai, in Palestine; compare בורגתא. Pesachim 57ᵃ; 57ᵇ ↗ original

ברקום , Bereshith Rabbah section 98, read לִיבְדְּקוֹס.—Targum Song of Songs 2, 1, read נַרְקִיס. ↗ original

בַּרְקוּרְיָאנִי (disguise of Herculiani, compare דּוּרְמוֹס) Herculiani, a cohort of pretorians named after Diocletian (Heraclius). Esther Rabbah to 1, 3 יכולני וכ׳ (read יוֹבְיָינִי); some edition בר קוריאני (in two words) Joviani and Herculiani. see Sachs Sachs, Beitrage 1, 113 and the following, referring to Amm. Marc. 22, 3, 2. ↗ original

בַּרְקוּת , see בַּרְקִית ↗ original

בְּרַקִּין , see אַבְרְקִין ↗ original

בַּרְקִירְיָא p. n. masculine Barkirya, an Amora. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵈ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵇ bottom of the page בר קריא. ↗ original

בַּרְקִית (ברק, see בַּרְקָא I) cataract of the eye. Shabbath 78ᵃ שכן כוחלין לב׳ for they paint the eye with blood as a remedy for a cataract. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6 (7), 7 ברקוּת (variant reading ברקי׳). 5. בְּרַקְתִּי. ↗ original

בַּרְקָן masculine, see בַּרְקְתָא ↗ original

בַּרְקָנַיָּא Chaldaic (Aramaic) = next word Targum Judges 8, 7; 16. ↗ original

בַּרְקָנִים (Biblical Hebrew) thistles. Yoma 69ᵃ (quoted frequently Megillah Taanith Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9) they dragged them על הקוצים ועל הב׳ over thorns and thistles. ↗ original

בָּרֶקֶת (ברק) morning star (in Biblical Hebrew a jewel, see next word). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, beginning 40ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 2, beginning 57ᵈ, explained בּוֹרְקַי; see בְּרַק I. ↗ original

בַּרְקָתָא = Biblical Hebrew בָּרֶקֶת, a jewel, probably smaragd. Targum Exodus 28, 17; and elsewhere Targum Ezek. 28, 13. Targum Song of Songs 5, 14 (edition Vienna edition בִּרְקַן, correct accordingly); and elsewhere—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 2, 3 ברוקא. ↗ original

בַּרְקָתָא ² , see בּוּרְגָּתָה ↗ original

בְּרַקְתִּי feminine Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew בַּרְקִית. Pesachim 111ᵇ קשה לב׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition לבְרוּקְתִּי) is liable to produce a cataract. Gittin 69ᵃ top לברוק׳ a remedy for etc. ↗ original

בָּרַר [to clear, clean; to place outside, whence] to make clear, prove, ascertain. Kethuboth 46ᵃ (interpret. Deuteronomy 22, 17) ובוֹרְרִין את הדבר וכ׳ and they make the fact as clear (bright) as a new garment.—participle passive בָּרוּר which see to single out, select, sift, assort. Maasroth 2, 6 שאָבוֹר לי which I may select for me. the same place (ibid.) בּוֹרֵר ואוכל he has a right to pick out and eat (one after the other). Kilayim 2, 1 יָבוֹר he must take it out entirely. Shabbath 7, 2 הבּוֹרֵר he who sifts (a labor forbidden on the Sabbath). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7, 10ᵃ, and frequently משום בורר (is guilty) because it comes under the class of sifting. Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 74ᵃ בורר ואוכל וכ׳ he may take out singly and eat, take out singly and put it down (rejecting it) ולא יִבְרוֹר but he must not assort (see discussion ibid.). Gittin 5, 9 לא תָבוֹר she must not help her to sift the grain. Sanhedrin 45ᵃ בְּרוֹר לו וכ׳ choose for the convict the most gentle method of execution; Sotah 8ᵇ, and frequently—Sanhedrin 3, 1 זה בורר וכ׳ each party chooses one judge, and the two judges בּוֹרְרִין וכ׳ elect a third. Pi'el פִּעֵל בֵּרַר, בֵּירַר to prove, ascertain. Sanhedrin 23ᵇ צריך לבָרֵר the claimant must offer clear evidence. Kerith. 24ᵃ לב׳ עוון to ascertain whether or not the woman was guilty; Bamidbar Rabbah section 9, see בָּעַר. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 63ᵈ, see סִימְפּוֹן. Vayikra Rabbah section 11; see Nithpa'el to sift, select. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᶜ top דש זרה ובי׳ he threshed, winnowed and sifted. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 1, beginning 51ᵃ לשונות שביררו להן וכ׳ the terms (for oaths, vows etc.) which the Mishnahs have selected (as substitutes for the real expressions of oaths etc.); Babylonian Nedarim 10ᵇ שבדו, see בָּדָא. [Esther Rabbah to 1, 22 [read:] בירר להם בלשון … רומי מלשון יוני interpreted for them (the Bible) in Latin etc., see בָּדָא. The passage is defective; compare Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᶜ top of the page] [Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᵃ בחרו להם ביררו הברזל וכ׳, read בְּרִיּוּת, they selected (as similes for the Law) the soundness of the iron and the fixedness of the tree; compare Bamidbar Rabbah section 14; Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 11.] Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּבְרָר to be cleared up, to be decided (between two alternatives); see בְּרֵירָה. Betzah 4ᵃ (a hen is bought either for consumption or for breeding) נשחטה הובְרָרָה וכ׳ by its being killed, it appears that it was originally intended for slaughtering; Chullin 14ᵃ Nif'al נִפְעַל נִבְרָר to be selected. Tanchuma Sh’laḥ. 4 נִבְרְרוּ צדיקים they were righteous at the time they were selected. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְבָּרֵר to desire clearness, to seek evidence, search for truth. Vayikra Rabbah section 11 (referring to 2 Samuel 22, 26 and the following) בשעה שנ׳ על עסקיו הק"בה בירר לו וכ׳ when he desired to be enlightened about his affairs (asking, ‘Whereby shall I know, Genesis 15, 8), the Lord enlightened him etc. (the same place (ibid.) 13). the same place (ibid.) בשעה שנ׳ וכ׳ (with referring to Moses); Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 18, 26 and the following to be confirmed, established. Tanchuma T’tsavveh 9, end [read:] נִתְבָּרְרָה כהונה בידם through them the priesthood became established. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Dibré p. 115ᵇ [read as:] Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 258 לא נ׳ … עד שעמד וכ׳ their prophecies were not fulfilled until Jeremiah arose. ↗ original

בְּרַר Pa'el בָּרֵיר same. Targum I Chronicles 21, 13. Targum Isaiah 1, 25; and elsewhere—Bechoroth 57ᵃ לִיבְרוֹר חד וכ׳ let him take out (for destruction) one lamb as an equivalent of the dog; see בְּרֵירָה; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵇ נברור וכ׳ let him etc. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְבְּרִיר to be clear, pure. Targum Job 25, 5. ↗ original

בְּרָרָא (ברר) pureness, unalloyed metal. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᵈ top עד דלא יקום על בְּרָרֵיה וכ׳ as long as the gold ore is not reduced to its pure state, it looses much in the smelting process; but when once brought to its pure state, nothing is lost. clearness, truth. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 8, 9ᵇ top; 15, 15ᵃ דו משים (מקים) … על ב׳ because he based the matter on truth (gave a clear decision). ↗ original

*ברשאן , Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (under the word בר) בר שאן, in ecstacy(?); naked(?). Targum I Samuel 19, 25 (see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage); Hebrew text ערום; variant reading lect. ביישן). ↗ original

בְּרַת 1 (see בַּר 2) daughter, child, issue; young tree. Targum Genesis 30, 21; and frequently—Bava Bathra 141ᵃ ב׳ נמי וכ׳ the Lord did not suffer Abraham to be even without a daughter. Moed Katan 9ᵇ ב׳ אוכמתא Munich manuscript, see אוּכָּם. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 3, 8ᶜ bottom of the page ב׳ נוקבה female issue. Vayikra Rabbah section 25 ב׳ פחין a mean woman.—ב׳ קלא = בַּת קוֹל.—ב׳ שבע a species of figs. Bereshith Rabbah section 15, end (Hebrew בנות שבע). Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 2, end, 13ᶜ ב׳ שובעין חיורין white figs; and frequently [For other compounds, see respective determinants.]—plural בְּנָן, בְּנָאתָן, בְּנָתָן. [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 10, 9 בְּרַתָנָא our daughters.] Targum Genesis 5, 4; and frequently—Kethuboth 4, 11 ב׳ נוקבין, see בַּר 2. Kiddushin 71ᵇ בְּנָתִין our daughters. Bava Bathra 141ᵃ לדידי בנתן וכ׳ I prefer daughters etc.; and frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵃ bottom of the page ב׳ דחרובתא; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 17ᵇ top אורתא, see כְּוַרְתָּא.] ↗ original

בְּרַת 2 B’rath Ḥavran (or Horan) probably ident. with Beth-Horon, see חוֹרוֹן. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 1, 46ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, 23ᶜ top of the page ↗ original

בְּרַתָּא , see בְּרַת I ↗ original

בְּרָתָא common gender (= Hebrew בְּרוֹשׁ; ברת or ברי, see plural בִּרְוַן; √בר, see ברר) [the chosen or strong,] cypress, or pine-tree. Targum 2 Esther 2, 7 (transl. of Isaiah 55, 13). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 7, end, 31ᵈ; Bereshith Rabbah section 15; Bava Bathra 80ᵇ בראתא Munich manuscript (edition בְּרָתֵי plural; for other var. see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)); Rosh Hashanah 23ᵃ (transl. ברוש). [Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 20ᵈ bottom of the page לְהָן אֲהָן צררא סמך הדא ב׳ what has this pebble to do near this cypress?—an evasive answer or a rebuke; probably to be read בִּירְתָא.]—plural בְּרָתִין, בְּרָתֵי, בְּרָא׳. Targum Song of Songs 1, 17. Targum Psalms 104, 17; and elsewhere—(Fem.) בִּרְוַן, בִּירְוַן, בִּרְוָון. Targum Isaiah 41, 19; and frequently [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) בִּירְתִין, Targum 2 Samuel 6, 5.—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 24, 6 בכריותיה edition, כבריתא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), read כבְרָתַיָּא.] ↗ original

בַּרְתּוֹתָא Bartotha, in Upper Galilee. Avoth 3, 7; Orlah 1, 4; and frequently ↗ original

בְּרָתֵי , see בְּרָתָא.—בִּרְתִּים, בִּרְתִּיִּים, see כְּרֵתִי. ↗ original

ברתצין , see בִּרְדְּסִין ↗ original

בִּשּׁוּל (בשל) ripening, cooking; dish. Sanhedrin 95ᵇ זמן בי׳ פירות the season of the ripening of fruits.—Chullin 115ᵇ and the following איסור ב׳, see אִיסּוּר. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, 60ᵇ top הותר מכלל בי׳ permitted as coming under the category of cooking (on Holy Days); and frequently—plural בִּשּׁוּלים, בִּי׳. Avodah Zarah 38ᵃ בִּישּׁוּלֵי נכרים dishes prepared by gentiles. the same place (ibid.) בישולי של עכ"ום (strike out של, see Munich manuscript); and frequently [Bereshith Rabbah section 49 אמר בישולה, see בָּשֵׁל.] ↗ original

בִּשּׁוּלָא Pesachim 27ᵃ דהא קא מקבלא ב׳ מקמיה דניתו וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition דהא קבלה … דניתן) for it receives the dish (to be prepared), before yet they put the wood etc. Avodah Zarah 38ᵃ קרובי ב׳ וכ׳ to accelerate boiling (make it quicker done) is something essential. Chullin 111ᵇ ↗ original

בָּשׂוּם (בשם) delicate food, dainty. plural בְּשׂוּמִין, construct state בְּשׂוּמֵי. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 12 ריח טוב מב׳ ג"ע the smell of the dainties of Paradise (stimulating their appetites), see קָהָא. ↗ original

בשומין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ טריקסימון ב׳, read שׁוּמִין. ↗ original

בְּשׂוֹרָא , see בְּשׂוֹרְתָּא ↗ original

בְּשׂוֹרָה joy, glad tiding; in gen. tidings. Kethuboth 16ᵇ כוס של ב׳ cup of joy (wine carried in the bridal procession of a virgin), see explanation the same place (ibid.)—Mechilta Bo. section 12 ב׳ רעה evil prediction. Tanchuma Ki. Thetse 4; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Zakhor p. 24ᵃ בְּשׂוֹרַת אמו the news of his mother’s death; and elsewhere—plural בְּשׂוֹרוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2, 26ᵇ top חבית של ב׳ the keg of wine carried in the bridal procession, see above. Bamidbar Rabbah section 14 (play on בשר Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 12; Ezek. 36, 26) the Lord sends thee ב׳ טובות good tidings. Berachoth 9, 2 ב׳ טובות … שמועות רעות Mishnah edition (Talmud edition 54ᵃ ב׳ רעות, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 4) good tidings … bad news. Shabbath 63ᵃ אין … ב׳ רעות no bad tidings will reach him. ↗ original

בְּשׂוֹרְתָּא Targum Job 3, 26 (in an evil sense). Targum 2 Samuel 18, 22; and elsewhere—Rosh Hashanah 19ᵃ; Taanith 18ᵃ (quoted frequently Megillah Taanith Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12) אתת ב׳ טבתא good news came. Echah Rabbah to 1, 5 ט׳ איתבשרת ב׳ thou hast received good tidings. Bereshith Rabbah section 81 (in Hebr. phraseology) ב׳ שמתה אמו the news that his mother died; see the preceding—plural בְּשׁוֹרָן, בְּסוֹ׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 49, 21. ↗ original

בְּשִׁיל , see בְּשַׁל ↗ original

בְּשִׂירוּתָא , see בִּשְׂרוּתָא ↗ original

בָּשַׁל to ripen, boil, be done (through natural or artificial heat). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 8, beginning 26ᵃ ב׳ הזרע וכ׳ when the seed boils inside (maturity of genital organs), the pot outside becomes dark (genitals are covered with hair). Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּשֵּׁל, בִּישֵּׁל to mature, cook, roast. Sanhedrin 95ᵇ לבַשֵּׁל פירות to make the fruits ripen. Chullin 98ᵇ; and frequently—Pesachim 112ᵃ לא תְבַשֵּׁל וכ׳ cook not in a pot which thy neighbor has used before thee (i.e. marry not a divorced woman).—participle Pu. מְבוּשָּׁל. Nedarim 6, 1 הנודר מן המב׳ וכ׳ he who vows abstinence from anything boiled, is permitted to partake of roasts etc. the same place (ibid.) 49ᵃ באתרא … קרו מב׳ in R. J.’s place they call roast likewise m’bushshal (compare 2 Chronicles 35, 13); and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְבַּשֵּׁל, , Nithpa. נִתְבַּשֵּׁל to be boiled, done, ripe. Terumoth 10, 11. Chullin 7, 4; and frequently—the same place (ibid.) 98ᵇ top, see בָּשֵׁל.—Sotah 11ᵃ; Shemoth Rabbah section 1 בקדרה שבשלו וכ׳ in the pot they boiled in, they were boiled, (they were done by as they did by others). ↗ original

בְּשַׁל as the preceding Kal. Targum Onkelos Genesis 40, 10 edition Berlin edition בְּשִׁילוּ (edition בַּשִּׁילוּ, Pa'el); Yerushalmi (prefix) בָּשְׁלוּ; the same place (ibid.) 9, 20.—participle passive בָּשִׁיל, בְּשִׁילָא. Targum Onkelos Numbers 6, 19; and elsewhere—Avodah Zarah 38ᵃ אי לא הוה הפיך בה הוה ב׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition less corrupted) if he (the gentile) had not turned it, it would have been done in two hours. Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּשֵּׁיל, בַּשֵּׁל as the preceding Pi'el Targum I Kings 19, 21; and frequently; see above.—Avodah Zarah 38ᵃ לבַשּׁוּלֵי מנא to bake (in the furnace) the earthen vessel, contradistinguished to לשרורי to glaze, finish. Chullin 110ᵃ ריבעא … בעי לב׳ how much milk is required to boil a quarter of a litra of meat? Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיתְבַּשַּׁל, אִיבְּשַׁל as the preceding Hithpa. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 26, 2; and elsewhere—Targum I Samuel 2, 13 כמִיבְּשַׁל (variant reading כמְבַשֵּׁל).—Avodah Zarah 29ᵇ אִיבְּשִׁיל. ↗ original

בָּשֵׁל the preceding) ripe, boiled, done. זרוע בשלה the boiled shoulder due to the priest (Numbers 6, 19). Chullin 98ᵃ bottom of the page both derive it מז׳ ב׳ from the process prescribed for the priest’s gift etc. the same place (ibid.) 98ᵇ top אין ב׳ אלא שלמה when it says, ‘the shoulder boiled’ it means entire (not carved). the same place (ibid.) אין ב׳ אלא שנתבשל וכ׳ when it says, ‘He shall take etc. from the ram’ it means that it must be boiled joined to (or jointly with) the body of the ram. Tanchuma Vayera 5 Abraham בלעה בשילה swallowed the fig ripe, i.e. spoke deliberately, opposite פגה; Bereshith Rabbah section 49 אמר בישולה (correct accordingly). ↗ original

בַּשְׁלָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 12, 9. ↗ original

בַּשָּׁלָא (the preceding) cook.—plural בַּשָּׁלַיָּא. Targum Ezek. 46, 24 (some edition בַּשְׁלַיָּא). ↗ original

בִּשְׁלָמָא (see שְׁלָמָא) in peace, well, whence (as a dialectic term) granted, it is right, it would be right. Pesachim 7ᵃ ב׳ שבת … אלא וכ׳ it is right as far as ‘a Sabbath’ is concerned, for it may happen on an eve of Passover concurring with a Sabbath, but (when it says) ‘on a Holy Day’, how can etc.? the same place (ibid.) 24ᵇ ב׳ אי … שפיר וכ׳ I grant, if …, it would be right (to infer that etc.), but now etc. the same place (ibid.) 50ᵃ ב׳ למאן דאמר … היינו it is right according to him who says …, but according to etc.; and very frequently אי אמרת ב׳ = ב׳ אי אמרת, see אִי 2. ↗ original

בָּשַׂם etc., see בָּסַם etc. ↗ original

בֹּשֶׂם , plural בְּשָׂמִים (Biblical Hebrew, the preceding) spices, perfumes, especially those used for blessings at the exit of the Sabbath. Berachoth 8, 5 and the following; and frequently ↗ original

בָּשַׂר (see בָּסַר 2 a. בָּסַם)to be sweet, pleasant. Pi'el פִּעֵל בִּשֵּׂר, בִּישֵּׂר to gladden, to bring good tidings to; in gen. to announce. Chullin 87ᵃ מְבַשֵּׂר טובות וכ׳ I am bringing good news. Shabbath 63ᵃ, see בְּשׂוֹרָה; and frequently—participle passive מְבוּשָּׂר informed of good news, assured. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ top יהא מב׳ מחיי העו"הב he shall receive a message from the life in the world to come, i.e. he may be assured of salvation; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵃ מכושר לחיי וכ׳ … (correct accordingly); Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 3, end, 47ᶜ יהא מב׳ שבן עו"הב הוא. Shemoth Rabbah section 46 אתה מב׳ שמחלתי וכ׳ thou art informed that I have forgiven thee etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 5, end, 9ᵈ; and elsewhere Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְבַּשֵּׂר to be gladdened, to receive good tidings. Pesikta Rabbati section 42 נ׳ בבנים he was assured that he would have children. Bereshith Rabbah section 47; section 53 נתבשרה בחלב she was assured that she would nurse her child. [5. בָּסַר 2.] ↗ original

בְּשַׂר to be glad;— = Pa'el Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 21, 7. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2 the same place (ibid.) 49, 21 למִיבְשַׂר. Pa'el פִּעֵל בַּשֵּׂר, בַּסֵּר as the preceding Pi'el Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 49, 21. Targum Jeremiah 20, 15; and frequently [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 4, 34, see בַּשְׁקַר.] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְבַּשַּׂר as the preceding Nithpa. Targum Ruth 1, 6; and elsewhere ↗ original

בְּשַׂר ² , see בִּשְׂרָא ↗ original

בָּשָׂר see the preceding) [ripe, warm, sweet, well-looking; see Freitag Arab. Dictionary under the word bšr, a. compare לֶחֶם] body (Biblical Hebrew); flesh, meat. Chullin 8, 1 כל הב׳ any kind of meat. the same place (ibid.) 16ᵇ בְּשַׂר תאוה meat eaten for satisfying the appetite, i.e. secular meal of meat, opposite to sacrificial meals (see Deuteronomy 12, 20). the same place (ibid.) 17ᵃ, see נְחִירָה; and frequently—ב׳ ודם (abbr. ב"וד) flesh and blood, i.e. mortal man. Berachoth 33ᵃ; and very frequently ↗ original

בִּשְׂרָא body, flesh, meat. Targum Genesis 2, 21. Targum Leviticus 13, 2; and very frequently—Chullin 109ᵇ בעינא … בי׳ וכ׳ I desire to eat something tasting like meat with milk. Shabbath 140ᵇ; and very frequently mortal. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 40, 23. Targum Jeremiah 17, 5; and elsewhere ↗ original

בִּשְׂרָא ² feminine (בשר) = בְּשׂוֹרְתָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 21, 7. ↗ original

בְּשַׁשׁ (√בש, see the preceding words) seasoning, relishes. Targum Job 6, 6 (Hebrew text טָפֵל.—Berachoth 40ᵃ לית דין צריך ב׳ this (bread, being well seasoned) requires no seasoning relishes to go with it; see לִיפְתָּן. ↗ original

בּשֶׁת , see בּוֹשֶׁת ↗ original

בַּת 1 daughter; maiden, girl; servant-girl (opposite שפחה slave). Gittin 89ᵃ בת לא"א a daughter of Abraham our father, a Jewess. Bava Bathra 109ᵃ בן וב׳ כי הדדי נינהו son and daughter are legally the same. Kiddushin 2, 3 בת או שפחה גדלת (Babylonian edition מגוד׳) a maid or a slave as hair-dresser; and frequently—plural בָּנוֹת, construct state בְּנוֹת. Shabbath 6, 6 הבָּ׳ girls. Kiddushin 64ᵃ בְּ׳ ישראל מקוה וכ׳ Israelitish daughters (married to a degraded priest, see חָלָל) are a well of purification (means of restoration to priestly ranks); and frequently—Also Chaldaic בַּת (see בְּרַת). Targum Deuteronomy 15, 12.—Mostly in compounds. Targum I Samuel 1, 16 ב׳ רשעא (Hebrew text בת בליעל); see below.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2, 26ᵈ bottom of the page, read: בתר איתתיה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 9, 50ᵈ top כבת יוני, read: כתב.] Compounds of . בַּת a. בְּנוֹת (see בֵּן, בַּר): ב׳ אור fuel, fit for fuel. Shabbath 25ᵇ. בנות אזנים, see אֹזֶן.—בת ארעא a sore on the foot, see אַרְעָא. Shabbath 65ᵃ (Mishnah צנים).—ב׳ מזגא חמרא Little Wine-Mixer, name of a clean bird. Chullin 63ᵃ top of the page—ב׳ מינא of the same class or size. Avodah Zarah 28ᵃ.—ב׳ מלך, ב׳ חורין King’s, Noblemen’s Daughter, name of a demon. Shabbath 109ᵃ. [ב׳ עין, Shemoth Rabbah section 30, some edition, see בָּבָה.]—בת עינא the hole in the millstone through which the grain passes. Moed Katan 10ᵃ (Munich manuscript בית טינא).—בת קבריא a species of raven. Esther Rabbah to 1, 4, see גַּלְגֵּל.—ב׳ קול echo, reverberating sound. Shemoth Rabbah section 29, end. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 3 as the oil (when poured out) אין לו ב׳ קול gives forth no reverberating sound, so does Israel (suffer silently). Bath-Kol, divine voice, a sort of substitute for prophecy. Yoma 9ᵇ; and frequently—בְּנוֹת שֶׁבַע a species of figs, see בְּרַת. Maasroth 2, 8; and frequently—ב׳ שׁוּחַ a species of white figs. Demai 1, 1; and elsewhere—ב׳ שקמה young sycamore-figs. the same place (ibid.); Berachoth 40ᵇ, see דּוּבְלָא.—בת תיהא the small bung-hole in the spicket, to be opened for examining the flavor of the wine. Avodah Zarah 66ᵇ.—[For other compounds, see respective determinants.]—Chaldaic (Aramaic) plural, see בְּרַת. ↗ original

בַּת 2 , adverb בְּבַת [daughter, product of], בב׳ ראש (= בב׳ זקירת ראש) headlong; בב׳ אחת (= בב׳ עשייה אחת, בב׳ כתיבה etc.), at once, simultaneously, suddenly. Yoma 38ᵇ נזקרים בב׳ ר׳ לאחוריהם (Munich manuscript בב׳אחת) staggered backward with a sudden movement (enchanted with the beauty of the music); Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 6 נסקרין וכ׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, 48ᵈ bottom of the page נזקרין לו בת ראש (read בב׳) rushed forward to him headlong (to congratulate him). Yoma 67ᵇ זוקרו בב׳ ר׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. manuscript Oxf. (edition זורקו) he pushes the scapegoat down the precipice headlong. Sukkah 14ᵇ כדי שיזדקר בה גדי בב׳ ר׳ (Munich manuscript גדי ראשו בב׳ אחת …, read בב׳ ראשו) wide enough for a goat to leap through with one headlong rush. Eruvin 16ᵃ כדי שלא יזד׳ הגדי בב׳ ר׳ (Munich manuscript … שלא ירקד הגדי בב׳ א׳; Tosefta Kilayim 4, 6 … שלא יכנס הגדי; Eruvin the passage cited bottom of the page בב׳ א׳) less space than a goat would require etc.—Yoma 38ᵇ היה כותבה בב׳ א׳ would write a word of four letters (with four pens between his fingers) at a time. Pesachim 86ᵇ who empties his goblet בב׳ א׳ in one draught. Bamidbar Rabbah section 4 they did not drop the curtain בב׳ א׳ at once, opposite קימעא קימעא; and frequently ↗ original

בַּת 3 common gender (Biblical Hebrew) bath, a measure; see בֵּיתָא 2. ↗ original

*בַּתְוָא same, especially the untillable cuts in the valley or field (compare בַּתּוֹת Isaiah 7, 19). Shabbath 110ᵇ let him cut porret מב׳ דמישרא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (variant reading גובתא edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth); other edition בוותא; Munich manuscript ממכתוותא, edition מכבתותא דמישרי) from the waste parts of the valley; see כָּתָא. ↗ original

בְּתוּלָא , see בְּתוּלְתָּא ↗ original

בְּתוּלָה [retired, untouched,] virgin. — plural בְּתוּלוֹת. Tosefta Shevi'ith 3, 14 and the following שלש ב׳ הן b’thulah is used in three ways, בְּתוּלַת אדם וכ׳ of a human being (virgin), of soil (unbroken), and of sycamores (untrimmed); Niddah 8ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 49ᵃ. Yevamoth 61ᵇ אין ב׳ אלא נערה under b’thulah (in a legal sense) a girl between twelve and twelve and a half years is meant, see בַּגְרוּת. Oholoth 16, 4 עד שמגיע … לב׳ until he reaches a rock or unbroken ground. Shabbath 90ᵃ בתולת הוורד a closed rose (variant reading quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), a. Oxford manuscript פְּתִילַת). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, 19ᵃ ב׳ ציימנית an ascetic maid (retired from social pleasures); Sotah 22ᵃ (צליינית) ב׳ ציילנית a prayerful (bigoted) maid; and frequently (only in plural) the two posts supporting the beam in the wine-press (Lat. gemelli, sorores). Bava Bathra 4, 5 (67ᵇ), explained כלונסות. Virgo, sign of the Zodiac. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 418. the same place (ibid.) I Kings 185. Pesikta Rabbati section 20. ↗ original

Jastrow — ב (1313)