כKaf, the eleventh letter of the Alphabet. It interchanges with ג which see; with ק, e.g. כּוֹבַע a. קוֹבַע; with ח, compare חבש a. כבש a. derivatives. ↗ original
כְּ־ prefix, Hebrew (see כֵּן) as, like. Targum Genesis 9, 3. Targum Hosea 4, 9; and very frequently—Berachoth 1, 2 כאדם וכ׳ like one reading in the Torah. the same place (ibid.) 3 כדרכו as usual; and very frequently— whereas. Tosefta Sanhedrin 2, 6 כגוזלייא … וכאימרייא וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading דגוזלייא … ואמרייא, as Sanhedrin 11ᵃ, Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 18ᵈ top) whereas the spring pigeons are yet tender etc.—[the same place (ibid.) 5 בגוזלייא וכ׳.]—[Compound particles כְּדֵי, כְּוָת etc., see section vv. or second component.—ך as affix, frequ. indicating place (כ locale) or instrument, as בָּזָךְ, דוּךְ, אוּשְׁפְּזִיכָא etc.] ↗ original
כָּא (Biblical Hebrew כֹּה, see the preceding) adverb of place: here, see הָכָא; of time: now. Targum Genesis 22, 5. Targum Job 38, 11; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 7ᶜ top וכא אמר הכין and here he says so? the same place (ibid.) וכה; and very frequently—לְכָא hither; מִיכָּאfrom here. Targum Joshua 8, 20. Targum Exodus 17, 12; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 5, 63ᵃ פצל … לכא ולכא skimmed the water in both directions. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 6, 11ᵃ top מיכא ללוד from here to Lydda; and frequently—see אִיכָּא, לִיכָּא etc.; כַּאַן, כַּן etc. ↗ original
כָּאֵב (Biblical Hebrew) to be heavy, to feel pain. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 9, 12ᵃ the same place (ibid.) 19, 17ᵃ bottom of the page (referring to Genesis 34, 25) בהיותו כּוֹאֵב כל איבריהם כּוֹאֲבִים עליהם … it does not say, ‘when it (the wound) was painful’, but …, which intimates that all their limbs pained them. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְאִיבto cause pain, grief. Shemoth Rabbah section 3 (referring to Exodus 3, 7) ידעתי … להַכְאִיבֵנִי וכ׳ I know how much they will grieve me etc. Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12 שלא להַכְאִיבוֹ so as to make him feel no pain. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 94 (referring to Proverbs 3, 12) א"ת וּכְאָב אלא וּכְאֵב … שמַכְאִיבוֹ read not ukh’ab (and like a father) but ukh’eb (and pain), when He sends him pain. ↗ original
כְּאֵב 1 Targum Proverbs 14, 13.—participle כָּאֵב, כָּאֵיב, כָּיֵב. Targum Job 14, 22. Targum Psalms 69, 30; and frequently—Targum Jeremiah 4, 19 כֵּיבִין (edition Lagarde edition כָּיְיבָן).—Bava Kamma 46ᵇ מאן דכאיב ליה כאיבא וכ׳ Manuscript Florence (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note, Manuscript Hamburg כיבא) he who feels sick, goes to the physician. the same place (ibid.) 85ᵇ הוה כ׳ ליה מידי וסליק ואיתיב וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition ואייתי) he had a sore and it was going away, and one put on a corrodent drug for him etc., see חֲוַר. Gittin 68ᵇ כָּיֵיב; and frequently—Bava Kamma 35ᵃ כיבין, see חִינְכֵי. Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּאֵיב, כַּיֵּיבto cause pain, wound, grieve. Echah Rabbah to 2, 1 translating יעיב, the same place (ibid.)) איך כ׳ וכ׳ how did the Lord wound etc., see כֵּיבָא. ↗ original
כְּאֵב 2the preceding) heaviness, pain. Berachoth 55ᵃ כ׳ לב heaviness of heart (fretfulness). Bereshith Rabbah section 67, end כ׳ על כ׳ grief added to grief; and elsewhere grievous offence. Devarim Rabbah section 3 (referring to מכאביו, Exodus 3, 7) יודע אני מה כ׳ וכ׳ I know what grievous offence they are going to commit, see כָּאֵב. ↗ original
כַּאַן (see כָּא) here; now. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 7ᶜ bottom of the page, and elsewhere כ׳ נתפלל וכ׳ here (in this inn) did my father say the prayer of etc. Betzah 4, 7 מִכַּ׳ ועד כ׳ from here to there (will I use). Berachoth 1, 2, and frequently מכ׳ ואילך, see אֵילֵךְ. Sanhedrin 9, 1 ולאחר מכ׳ and subsequently; and frequently—מכ׳ אמרו (חכמים) from this originates what the scholars said. Avoth 1, 5; and frequently—מִכַּ׳ ל־, מִכַּ׳ ש־ from this is derived, do we learn. Berachoth 64ᵃ מכ׳ לבעל וכ׳ from this (that Jacob is mentioned and not his ancestors) we learn that the owner of the beam must carry the heaviest side of it. Bava Metzia 87ᵃ מכ׳ שצדיקים אומרים וכ׳ from this we see that the righteous promise little etc.; and frequently—כ׳ … כ׳ here (in this case) …, there (in another place, in that case). Sukkah 44ᵇ; and very frequently—Contr. כַּן, with pref. מ, מִיכַּן. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 7ᶜ top [read:] כן ליחיד כן לציבור in this case (when Levi disfavored many prayers), it is meant for individuals, in the other case, it is meant for congregations.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 7, 24ᵇ bottom of the page מ׳ ומ׳ on both sides; and frequently ↗ original
כַּאר (Pers. khar, ḥar) ass. Sanhedrin 98ᵃ, see הֲזָר. ↗ original
כַּבָּבָא (the preceding) burning to coals, charring. Zevachim 46ᵇ לאפוקי כ׳ (Munich manuscript בטבא, some edition חטבא) to exclude charring the meat (instead of burning it to ashes); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 445 כבתה (correct accordingly).—5. כִּיבָּא. ↗ original
כָּבֵד 1 (Biblical Hebrew) to be heavy, weighty, important; compare יָקַר. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּבֵּר, כִּי׳to honor, hold precious; to show honor. Avoth 4, 1 איזהו מכובד המְכַבֵּד וכ׳ who will be honored? He who honors men. Shabbath 113ᵇ ר"י קרי למאניה מְכַבְּדוֹתַי Rabbi Joh. called his garments ‘my honorers’; Bava Kamma 91ᵇ; Sanhedrin 94ᵃ; and frequently—Berachoth 46ᵇ bottom of the page אין מְכַבְּדִין וכ׳ we must not show honors (saying, ‘you go first’) on highroads etc. participle passive מְכוּבָּד, plural מְכוּבָּדִים, מְכוּבָּדִין. Avoth the passage cited, see above. the same place (ibid.) 6 כל המכבד … גופו מ׳ על וכ׳ he who honors the Law, will himself be honored of men. Berachoth 60ᵇ, see below. Avodah Zarah 3, 3, see בָּזָה; and frequently (compare אִיקְרָא, יְקַר) to offer a gift. Tanchuma Vayḥi 13 שמְכַבְּדִין מפירותיהם וכ׳ they offer of their fruits to kings; Bereshith Rabbah section 99, end והם מבכרין (correct accordingly); and elsewhere [to make look respectable,] to sweep, adjust the room. Berachoth 8, 4 מכבדיו את הבית וכ׳ (after meal) the room is put in order (the crumbs swept), and then etc. Betzah 2, 7 (22ᵇ) מכבדין בין המטות (Babylonian edition בית המטות) (on Holy Days) you may sweep between the dining couches (the dining room); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 61ᶜ bottom of the page Tamid 5, 5 היה מְכַבְּדָן לאמה one swept them (the coals) into the duct; and frequently—Mikvaoth 8, 4 כִּיבְּדָֹה את, הבית, see בַּיִת 6.—[Ruth Rabbah end וכבד some edition, read: וכָבַר.] Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכַּבֵּד,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְכַּבֵּדto be honored; to pride, exalt one’s self. Bereshith Rabbah section 1 כל המִתְכַּבֵּד בקלון וכ׳ whoever elevates himself at the expense of his neighbor’s degradation, has no share in the world to come; Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᶜ. Megillah 28ᵃ מימי לא נִתְכַּבַּדְתִּי וכ׳ I never elevated myself etc. Berachoth 60ᵇ הִתְכַּבְּדוּ מכובדים be in honor dismissed, you honored ones (angels); and elsewhere—2) to be cleaned, swept; to be dressed, adorned. Pesachim 7ᵃ שוקי … עשויין להתכ׳ וכ׳ the streets of Jerusalem used to be swept every day. Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 1, beginning 48ᵈ כמבוי שהוא מתכבד וכ׳ like an alley which is regularly swept and flushed. Babylonian Niddah 56ᵃ חזקתז מתכבד it is presumed to be clean. Bamidbar Rabbah section 13 לאכול ולשתות ולהתכבד to eat and drink and dress. [Tosefta Terumoth 10, 15 ליכבד, read with edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) ליכבר, see כָּבַר.] Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְבִּידto be heavy. Nazir 1, 2 ה׳ שערו if his hair is too heavy on him. to make heavy. Shemoth Rabbah section 9; Tanchuma Vaera 12 (play on כָּבֵד, Exodus 7, 14, a. הִכָּבְדִי 14, 18) בלשון שהִכְבֵּדְתָּ בו בלשון אני מתכבד with the same expression (כבד) with which thou didst make heavy (Israel’s yoke), I shall be honored; Tanchuma edition Buber edition the same place (ibid.) 14 שהכבדת את לבך wherewith thou didst harden thy heart. to grow worse, be very sick (compare טָעַן 2), opposite היקל. Sanhedrin 9, 1 ה׳ ומת grew worse and died; the same place (ibid.) 78ᵇ; and elsewhere to sweep. Bamidbar Rabbah section 23; Tanchuma Masʿé 13 הִכְבִּידָן he swept (drove) them out, see מַכְבֵּד a. הָמַם. ↗ original
כְּבַד ; Pa. כַּבֵּידto clean, sweep. Niddah 56ᵃ bottom of the page כַּבִּיד ולא בדיק (= כַּבְּדִי) I swept (the alley) but did not search (for unclean objects). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְכַּבֵּדto be swept. the same place (ibid.) 56ᵇ גומה לא מתכבדא a cavity is not swept (the broom does not strike it). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְבֵּיד (see כָּבֵד 3) to irritate, grieve. Targum Proverbs 17, 25 edition Lagarde edition (edition Venice מכביר, manuscript מככיר, Hebrew text כעס). ↗ original
כָּבֵד 2 (the preceding words) weight, pressure. Chagigah 21ᵃ כְּבֵידוֹ של כלי the pressure of the (inner) vessel. Sanhedrin 63ᵇ; Megillah 25ᵇ (sarcasm on כבודו, Hosea 10, 5) א"ת כְּבוֹדוֹ אלא כְּבֵידוֹ (Munich manuscript כּוֹבְדוֹ) read not ‘his dignity’ but ‘his weight’ for it is gone, i.e. the idol’s weight is reduced; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 326 כְּבֵדוֹ. importance, see כָּבוֹד. ↗ original
כָּבֵד 3 common gender (Biblical Hebrew; the preceding words) [heaviness, seat of anger and melancholy,] liver. Berachoth 61ᵇ top כ׳ כועס ומרה וכ׳ the liver is excited, and the gall pours a drop over it and quiets it. Chullin 3, 1 ניטל הכ׳; the same place (ibid.) 2 ניטלה הכ׳ if the liver of an animal is gone. Arachin 5, 2 (20ᵃ) ערך כְּבֵדִי עלי (Babylonian edition כְּבֵידִי) I vow the value of my liver (being a vital organ); and frequently ↗ original
כַּבְדָּא Targum Exodus 29, 13; 22. Targum Lamentations 2, 11; and elsewhere—Chullin 109ᵇ; and frequently—Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 7; Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joshua 2) וחמי בכַבְדֵּיה, see אִימַּר↗ original
כָּבוֹדimportance. Arachin 18ᵃ ולידון בכְבוֹדוֹ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בכבידו) and that the value of a limb be judged according to its importance (vitality); the same place (ibid.) 4ᵇ; Bava Metzia 114ᵃ honor, respect; dignity. Berachoth 19ᵇ, and elsewhere, see חָלַק. the same place (ibid.) משום כְּבוֹד מלכים on account of the respect due to royalty. the same place (ibid.); Menachoth 37ᵇ גדול כְּ׳ הבריות וכ׳ human dignity (in proper appearance) is very important, for it may even suspend a Biblical law. Berachoth the passage cited ואינו לפי כְבוֹרוֹ and it is not becoming his dignity (to drive an ass). Sotah 13ᵃ הניחו לו כְּבוֹדוֹ במלכים יותר וכ׳ let him alone, the honor shown to him (Jacob) by princes is higher than that by private men. the same place (ibid.) נהגו בהן כ׳ they treated them with respect. Nedarim 39ᵇ בכְבוֹדִי לא מחיתם בכְ׳ וכ׳ as long as My honor was concerned, you did not interfere, and when the honor of a human being is at stake etc. Avoth 4, 12 יהי כְ׳ תלמידך וכ׳ let the honor of thy pupil be as dear to thee as thine own, and thy fellow student’s honor as that of thy teacher; and very frequently—כסא הכ׳, see כִּסֵּא. מחל על כבודוto forego due honors, see מָחַל. ↗ original
כִּבּוּד , see supply (understood word) כִּיבּ׳. ↗ original
כָּבוּל 1 (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun Cabul, אֶרֶץ כ׳ a district in Northern Palestine presented by Solomon to Hiram, king of Tyre. Shabbath 54ᵃ, see כָּבַל, כְּבַל, כַּבְלָא. Cabul, (Kābūl,) a place south-east of Accho. Tosefta Moed Katan 2, 15; Tosefta Shabbath 7 (8), 17; Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 30ᵈ top; Babylonian Pesachim 51ᵃ ↗ original
כָּבוּל 2 (כָּבַל) (compare אִיסְטְמָא) hair-net, a cap worn under the head-dress. Shabbath 6, 1; 5.—Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7ᵈ ולא בכבולי טבזסה, read: ולא בכ׳ שבכה ‘and not in a Kabul’ (Mishnah the passage cited), that is a hair-net. Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 57ᵇ כ׳ זה איני יודע אי וכ׳ this Kabul (Mishnah the passage cited) I do not know whether it means a slave’s chain etc. chain.—plural כְּבוּלִיןchain-works for drawing water. Tosefta Mikvaoth 4, 2. ↗ original
כביto grow dim, to be extinguished, go out. Shabbath 21ᵃ כָּבְתָה זקוק לה if the Ḥănuckah light went out, he is bound to attend to it. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 2, 39ᵈ קטורת שכָּבַת frankincense which went out (was not entirely burnt). Shabbath 30ᵇ מוטב תִּכְבֶּה נרו וכ׳ it is better that a human light (candle) be extinguished, than that God’s light (life) be extinguished; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיבָּה, (כִּיבָּא) כִּבָּהto extinguish. the same place (ibid.)ᵃ לא יְכַבֶּה ואם כִּבָּה פטור he must not put it out, but if he did etc. the same place (ibid.) 2, 5 המְכַבֶּה את הנר he who puts the (Sabbath) lamp out. Bereshith Rabbah section 68 (play on כי בא, Genesis 28, 11) כִּיבָּא השמש (some edition כיבה) He extinguished the sun (made the sun set earlier). Tosefta Shabbath 13 (14), 9 נכרי שבא לכַבּוֹת אין אומ׳ לו כַּבֵּה ואל תְּכַבֶּה if a gentile comes (on the Sabbath) to extinguish (a fire), we say to him neither ‘extinguish’ nor ‘do not’. Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited אמר המלך כַּבּוּ וכ׳ (not כיבו) said the king, put out etc.; and frequently ↗ original
כְּבִי [Shabbath 21ᵇ כבתה; the same place (ibid.) 30ᵃ לכבות, Hebrew forms.] Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּבֵּיto extinguish. Berachoth 58ᵃ וכַבִּינְהוּ לעיניה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Munich manuscript ונכבינהו, correct accordingly; edition חברוהי כחלינהו וכ׳) dimmed his eye-sight, see בּוֹטְטָא. the same place (ibid.) 60ᵇ bottom of the page אתא … כַּבְּיֵיה לשרגיה there came a wind and put out his lamp. Shabbath 44ᵃ אתי לכַבּוּיֵי he may be induced to extinguish the fire; Yoma 85ᵃ ↗ original
כְּבֵינָא (participle passive of כבן) = Hebrew רחל הכבונה (see כָּבַן) a sheep wearing a wrap, fine sheep. Targum Ezekiel 27, 18 (compare Shevuoth 6ᵇ, under the word כָּבַן). ↗ original
כְּבֵינָה (כָּבַן) brooch or buckle. Bava Bathra 9, 7 תנו כְבֵינָתִי וכ׳ give my brooch to my daughter. ↗ original
כְּבֵינְתָּא , plural כְּבֵינָתָא (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (see the preceding words) a garment pinned or buckled on. Targum Isaiah 3, 23 (Hebrew text רדידים; compare περόνημα). ↗ original
כְּבִיסָה (כָּבַס) washing. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 8, 38ᵇ top כְּבִיסָתָן וחיי אחרים וכ׳ as between the use of the spring for their (the inhabitants’) washing purposes and for strangers’ living (drinking purposes); and frequently—[Mikvaoth 8, 1, see כְּבִישָׁה.] (also כְּבוּסָה) water mixed with alkaline substances, lye-water etc. Tosefta Shevi'ith 6, 25 פירות שביעית המשרה ולא לתוך הכ׳ … produces of the Sabbath year must not be used for an infusion nor for preparing lye-water; Sukkah 40ᵃ; Bava Kamma 102ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith the passage cited—plural כְּבִיסוֹת. the same place (ibid.) 7, beginning 37ᵇ מיני כ׳ (edition Krot. כניס׳, correct accordingly) alkaline plants. ↗ original
כְּבִישׁ (כְּבַשׁ) stepping stool (scamnum). Targum Psalms 110, 1 (Hebrew text הֲדֹם), see כְּבַשׁ 2. paved path. the same place (ibid.) 78, 50 (Hebrew text נתיב).—Targum I Samuel 6, 12, and elsewhere (Hebrew text מסלה), see כְּבַשׁ 2. Targum 2 Samuel 20, 12 כבישתא edition Lagarde edition (other edition כִּבְשָׁא).—plural כְּבִישִׁין. Targum Isaiah 40, 3 edition Lagarde edition (other edition כִּבְשִׁין); and elsewhere recess, secret. Targum Lamentations 3, 10 (Hebrew text מסתרים).—plural כְּבִישֵׁי. Berachoth 10ᵃ bottom of the page בהדי כ׳ דרחמנא וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כִּבְשֵׁי) what hast thou to do with the secret ways of the Lord? ↗ original
כְּבִישָׁה (כָּבַשׁ) making a path, side-path. Mikvaoth 8, 1 מפני הכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) on account of the passing by (of travellers that leave the highway for some cause). [Eduyoth מפני הכְּבִיסָה on account of the ponds being used for washing clothes, see commentary or commentaries] ↗ original
כַּבְכָּב (reduplic. of כבב or כפף, see כְּבַב) an arched round vessel. Kelim 2, 3 כ׳ שעשאו לסל הפת a kabkab which was intended for a cover for the bread-basket (and not as a receptacle). Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 2, 5 כסוי כ׳ וכסוי אלפס edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (edition only כסוי אלפס) the lid of a k. and that of a pot. the same place (ibid.) 8 העשוי לכך ולכך כגון הכ׳ וכ׳ Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 3, 1 (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) a. other כנכב) a vessel made for both purposes (for liquids and for solid food), e.g. the k., the stew-pot etc. ↗ original
כָּבַל [to press, to impede, whence כֶּבֶלthe foot-chain; denominative כָּבַל] to chain. Bereshith Rabbah section 87 כּוֹבַלְתְּךָ אני I have the power to put thee in chains. Tanchuma Thazr. 8 מביא וכוֹבְלוֹ … he orders chains and chains him.—participle pass. כָּבוּל, feminine כְּבוּלָה, plural כְּבוּלוֹתtied, prevented, especially sheep prevented from conceiving by having their tails tied down. Shabbath 5, 2 רחלות יוצאות … כ׳ ewes may be led out (on the Sabbath) … tied up; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4 (5), 1 כ׳ שלא יעלה עליהן זכר. Shabbath 54ᵃ מאי כ׳ שכּוֹבְלִין אליה וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition שמְכַבְּלִין) what is k’buloth? They tie their tails downward etc. the same place (ibid.) מאי משמע דהאי כבול וכ׳ where is the evidence that kabul has the meaning of sterility? (Answ. referring to I Kings 9, 13, see next word); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, 7ᵇ bottom of the page Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיבֵּלsame, see above.—participle pass. מְכוּבָּל. Shabbath the passage cited the district was called Cabul, שהיו בה ב"א שמְכוּבָּלִין בכסף וכ׳ because there were people there who were chained with silver and gold. ↗ original
כְּבַל , participle passive כְּבִיל, feminine כְּבִילָאimpeded, detained. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 4 ריגלך כְּבִילָן וכ׳ thy feet are detained from going out etc. (Hebrew text סגרו). Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּבֵּלsame; participle passive מְכַבַּל, feminine מְכַבְּלָאtied up, (compare עצר) sterile. Shabbath 54ᵃ (referring to I Kings 9, 13, see the preceding; see חוּמְטוֹן) ואמרו אינשי ארעא מ׳ דלא עבדא פרי (Oxford manuscript מְכַבַּלְתָּא) and people say, it is a tied up land, which bears no fruits. ↗ original
כֶּבֶלthe preceding words), plural כְּבָלִים, כְּבָלִיןfoot-chains, irons. Bereshith Rabbah section 91 ליתן עליהם כ׳ to put them in chains. Tanchuma Thazr. 8, see כָּבַל. Devarim Rabbah section 4 כ׳ של ברזל iron chains, opposite מונייק של זהב. Tosefta Avodah Zarah 2, 4 אין מוכרין … ולא כ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) כּוֹבְלִין) we must not sell them torturing blocks or irons.—Shabbath 6, 4 כ׳ טמאין וכ׳ a woman’s ankle-chains are fit for levitical uncleanness etc. (contradistinguished to בירית). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 8ᵇ, see בֵּירִית; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 63ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) עשו להן כ׳ וכ׳ they made for them ankle-bands and put a chain between, that their steps may not be wide; and elsewhere ↗ original
כַּבְלָא Shabbath 57ᵇ כ׳ דעברא a slave’s neck-chain, see כָּבוּל 2. the same place (ibid.) 58ᵃ כ׳ דעבדא תנן the Kabul of the Mishnah means etc. the same place (ibid.) 54ᵃ (see כָּבוּל I) it was named Cabul דמשתרגא בה כרעא עד כ׳ edition (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דמשתקעא) because the foot is entangled in (sinks into) the sandy soil up to the ankle-band; [other version in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דמשתקעא כרעא בגווה כי כ׳ (read דמשתרגא) because the foot is entangled in it as if in a foot-chain.]—plural כְּבָלִין, כַּבְלֵי. Targum Lamentations 3, 7. Targum Psalms 149, 8 (manuscript sing). ↗ original
כָּבַן (compare כָּבַל) to clasp, fasten. participle passive כָּבוּן, feminine כְּבוּנָה, plural כְּבוּנוֹתclasped, especially sheep wearing a clasped cover (see כְּבֵינְתָּא) for the protection of their wool. Shabbath 5, 2; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4 (5), 1 כ׳ למילת covered for the sake of the fine wool. Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 54ᵃ שמְכַבְּנִין אותן למילת (not אותו).—5. כְּבֵינָא. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּבֵּןto clasp a wrap; to wrap up. Shabbath the passage cited, see above. the same place (ibid.) (defining צמר לבן) כצמר נקי … שמְכַבְּנִין אוֹתוֹ למילת like the wool of a new-born lamb which they wrap up for the sake of the wool; Shevuoth 6ᵇ שמכבנין אותו Munich manuscript (edition incorr. בו). ↗ original
כְּבַן , Pa. כַּבֵּין to fasten; to put on aכְּבֵינְתָּא. Targum Job 23, 9 (Hebrew text יעטף). the same place (ibid.) 31, 36 אֲכַבְּנִינֵיה manuscript variant reading (edition Lagarde edition אֲכַרְכִּינֵיה, see כְּרַךְ; other edition אֲכַרְבִּינֵיה, see כְּרב I; edition Vilna edition אַרְכְּבִנֵיה, see רְכַב; Hebrew text ענד). ↗ original
כָּבַס (Biblical Hebrew) to press, tread. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּבֵּסto wash (clothes). Moed Katan 3, 1 ואלו מְכַבְּסִין במועד and these are permitted to wash their clothes during the festive week. Taanith 29ᵇ; Moed Katan 18ᵃ, and elsewhere מותר לְכַבְּסוֹ וכ׳ is permitted to wash it; and frequently—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Eth Korb., p. 61ᵇ; Pesikta Rabbati section 16 (play on כבשים, Numbers 28, 3) שהם מְכַבְּסִים וכ׳ for they (as sacrifices) wash (cleanse) the sins of Israel.—participle passive מְכוּבָּס, feminine מְכוּבֶּסֶת; plural מְכוּבָּסִין; מְכוּבָּסוֹת. Mikvaoth 10, 4 בגדים שהטבילן מכ׳ garments immersed while still wet from washing. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכַּבֵּסto be washed. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 5 (play on שלמה) [reads:] מה שַׂלְמָה זו מתלכלכת ומִתְכַּבֶּסֶת וכ׳ as a garment is soiled and washed again etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 982. Tanchuma Vayḥi 10 (referring to Genesis 49, 11) אם יטעו בהלכה תהא מתכבסת בתחומו וכ׳ when they err in a decision, it shall be cleansed (atoned for) in his (Judah’s) dominion (the Temple); Bereshith Rabbah section 99 (not מתכסום). ↗ original
כְּבַס , Targum I Chronicles 11, 5, and the following, edition Lagarde edition a. other, see כְּבַשׁ↗ original
*כֶּבֶס , masculine (the preceding) cleansing material.—plural כְּבָסִים. Ylamdenu to Numbers 28, 3 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word כבשים (referring to כבשים, the same place (ibid.)) אע"פ שכתוב כבשים אנו קורין כ׳ וכ׳ though it is written K’basim (with Sin, sheep), we read K’basim (with Sammekh), for they cleanse Israel’s sins. ↗ original
כְּבָסָא (כבס) something pressed, ball, lump, especially cluster of dates. Shabbath 67ᵃ כמאן תלינן כבסא בדיקלא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כּוּבְסֵי, Oxford manuscript כְּבָסֵי plural, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 70) by what authority dare we suspend a cluster of dates on a sterile date-tree (and not consider it a forbidden superstitious practice)? Makkoth 8ᵃ ומחייה לכ׳ (edition לכְּבָאסָא, Munich manuscript a. Rashi לכובסא) and it (the struck twig) struck the cluster. (in a transferred sense) testicles. Shevuoth 41ᵃ נקטיה בכוּבְסֵיה … לגלימיה הוא that is “held him by his testicles that he may give up his cloak’; i.e. this is force worse than laying distress on his property; Bava Metzia 101ᵇ ↗ original
כְּבָר 1 (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun, נְהַר כ׳river (or channel) K’bar (Chebar) in Babylonia. Bereshith Rabbah section 16 הוא פרת הוא נ׳ כ׳ Euphrates and K. are the same. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ בפני עצמו וכ׳ K. and Euphrates are different rivers. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ שמימיו כלין it is called K’bar (see next word), because its waters give out; שפירותיו גסין ואינן יורדין בכברה because its fruits are large and go not into the basket; (Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 22 שמימיו קַלִּין). ↗ original
כְּבָר 2 (Biblical Hebrew; = זמן כבר; כברto be thick, strong, round) a long time since; long ago, already; once. Shabbath 51ᵃ, and elsewhere כ׳ הורה זקן it has already been decided by an authority. Berachoth 63ᵃ bottom of the page כ׳ בנית וכ׳ you have once built and can no more tear down, (having once praised me, you cannot now censure me). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, 14ᶜ bottom of the page וכ׳ חלה וכ׳ and once when he was taken sick, and etc. Bamidbar Rabbah section 3, end כ׳ נקדתי עליהם have I not put does upon them (to mark that the words are spurious)? [the same place (ibid.) כ׳ אמחוק וכ׳, read: אוֹמַר I shall say, I will erase etc.]—Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 7, end, 49ᵃ מִכְּ׳ (retroactively) at once; and frequently ↗ original
כְּבַר 1 Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 1, 10. Targum Jeremiah 38, 9 כ׳ מית he would have been dead by this time; and frequently—Bava Bathra 167ᵃ, and elsewhere כ׳ קדמוך רבנן our rabbis have long preceded thee (have warned us before this); and frequently ↗ original
כָּבַר (denominative of כְּבָרָה) to sift. Bereshith Rabbah section 4 אדם כּוֹבֵר בכברה … if one sifts wheat or straw in a sieve. Oholoth 18, 2 וכוֹבְרוֹ בשתי כברות and sifts it twice. Maasroth 1, 6 הקיטניות משיִכְבּוֹר peas are subject to tithes from the time he sifts them. Ruth Rabbah, end וכ׳ את הצבר וכ׳ (not וכבד) and sifted one pile. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 4, 44ᵇ top … טוחנין כוללין, read כּוֹבְרִין; and frequently—participle passive כָּבוּר. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 49ᵃ bottom of the page מן הכ׳ וכ׳ from the portion which has been sifted in behalf of that which has not. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְבָּרto be sifted. Tosefta Terumoth 10, 15 שדרכו לִיכָּבֵר (not לוכבד) which it is customary to sift. ↗ original
כְּבַר 2 , Pa. כַּבֵּיר (denominative of כַּבָּרִיתָא) to fumigate with sulphur, to bleach. Berachoth 27ᵇ לכַבָּרוּיֵי סלי to fumigate baskets. Bava Kamma 93ᵇ דכַבְּרֵיה כברויי when he (in addition) bleached the wool with sulphur. ↗ original
כְּבָרָה see כְּבָר 2) a large round vessel (compare כְּוֶורֶת). Shabbath 35ᵃ כמין כ׳ בים a rock in the sea of the shape (and size) of a K’barah; Tosefta Sukkah 3, 11 סלע מלא כ׳ a rock of the size etc.; Tanchuma, edition Buber edition, B’midb. 2 סלע כמין כ׳ Manuscript Rome (see the same place (ibid.) note 21); see כְּוֶורֶת. basket used as a sieve (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Vannus). Kelim 15, 4 כ׳ של בעה"ב a household sieve, contradistinguished to כִּבְרַת גרנות the large sieve of the threshing floor. Tosefta Betzah 1, 20, contradistinguished to נפה. Taanith 22ᵇ עשו כל גופו ככ׳ they made his body (perforated with arrows) like a sieve; Moed Katan 28ᵇ עשאוהו ככ׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᵃ; and frequently—plural כְּבָרוֹת. Oholoth 18, 2, see כָּבַר. Devarim Rabbah section 6 כִּבְרוֹתָיו his sieves. Parah 3, 11 כ׳ של אבן perforated stone vessels for sifting ashes. ↗ original
כַּבְרִיתָא 1 (manuscript כָּבֵרִיתָא) feminine (see the preceding words; compare נוֹפֶת) [the sieve,] honey-comb. Targum Proverbs 5, 3 (edition Lagarde edition ככ׳, variant reading כב׳). the same place (ibid.) 16, 24 (edition Lagarde edition ככ׳). Targum Psalms 19, 11 (manuscript כווריתא). 5. כַּכָּרִיתָא. ↗ original
כַּבְרִיתָא 2 (the preceding; compare נפת, Targum פלכין, Joshua 12, 23; 17, 11; I Kings 4, 11) Kabritha, K’bartha (el-Kabîre, see Hildesh. Sachs, Beitrage p. 15), a border town of northern Palestine. Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 11 כברי׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading כברתא); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 36ᶜ כברתה; Sifré Deuteronomy 51 סברתה; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 874 נברת׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כָּבַשׁto press, squeeze. Oholoth 8, 5 כ׳ את האבן וכ׳ if one pressed a stone on (weighted) the sheet. Betzah 23ᵇ שהיא כּוֹבֶשֶׁת because it (the wagon) presses (the ground) down. Shabbath 20, 5 לא כוֹבְשִׁין you must not screw down, see מַכְבֵּשׁ; and frequently—participle pass. כָּבוּשׁ, feminine כְּבוּשָׁהpressed, compressed; pressing. the same place (ibid.) 135ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 15 (16), 9; and elsewhere ערלה כ׳ היא the foreskin (which seems to be wanting) is pressed (to the membrum). Tosefta Oholoth 9, 4 כאילו אבנים כְּבוּשׁוֹת וכ׳ as if stones were placed tightly upon them. Shemoth Rabbah section 15 ההר … כְּבוּשִׁין על וכ׳ a mountain on each side pressing upon (preventing the run of) the springs; and frequently כ׳ פנים (בקרקע) to press the face into the ground, to hide one’s self in fear or shame. Sanhedrin 19ᵇ כָּבְשׁוּ פניהם בקרקע they cast their looks down (were afraid to give an opinion). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 10, 27ᵈ (referring to Isaiah 7, 3) א"ת כובס אלא כּוֹבֵשׁ שהיה כובש פניו וכ׳ read not kobes, but kobesh, for he hid his face and fled before him; (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 104ᵃ דכבשינהו לאפי Chaldaic (Aramaic)).—3) to press vegetables, meat &c.; to preserve, pickle. Tohoroth 2, 1 האשה … כּוֹבֶשֶׁת וכ׳ if a woman was pressing vegetables in a pot. ʿUktsin 2, 1 זתים שכְּבָשָׁן וכ׳ olives which one pressed with their leaves; and frequently—participle passive כָּבוּשׁpreserved substance, pickle. Chullin 97ᵇ, and frequently כ׳ הרי הוא כמבושל preserved substances are in ritual law like cooked.—plural כְּבוּשִׁין. Pesachim 2, 6. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᶜ bottom of the page כְּבוּשֵׁיהֶן preserves made by gentiles; and frequently Transferred to store, hide. Chagigah 13ᵃ (referring to Proverbs 27, 26) א"ת כבשים אלא כְּבוּשִׁים Munich manuscript (missing in edition; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) read not K’basim (sheep) but K’bushim (hidden things), see כִּבְשָׁן; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 961.—Sotah 10ᵇ; Makkoth 23ᵇ (referring to Genesis 38, 25) יצאת … ממני יצאו כבושים a divine voice went forth and said, ‘from me went forth the secret things’ (I declare that Judah is the father of Tamar’s children; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): ממני היו הדברים כ׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 6); Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 145; Yalkut ShimoniSamuel 112., see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 6); Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 145; Yalkut ShimoniSamuel 112. to detain (compare עצר). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Bayom, p. 193ᵇ; כָּבְשָׁה אותם מטרונא וכ׳ the matron detained them one day longer; כבשה אותן התורה וכ׳ the Law detained them one day longer (before the Lord); the same place (ibid.) 195ᵃ, and the following; Pesikta Rabbati supplement to Pesikta Rabbathi, section 4. Bereshith Rabbah section 8, end האיש כּוֹבֵשׁ וכ׳ the man detains his wife from going out; and elsewhere to suppress, restrain, conquer. Sanhedrin 11, 5 (89ᵃ) הכּוֹבֵש את נבואתו (a prophet) who suppresses his prophecy (being afraid to proclaim it). Avoth 4, 1 הכיבש את יצרו who conquers his passion. Echah Rabbah to 5, 1 כובש את הגדול (not כביש), see זַרְזִיר I. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 5, 55ᵇ top עד שאתה מְכַבֵּשׁ … בוא וכְבוֹש וכ׳ instead of conquering the barbarians, come and subdue the Jews; Echah Rabbah to 1, 16; the same place (ibid.) to 4, 19. Shemoth Rabbah section 25 הוא כוֹבְשׁוֹ וכ׳ he suppresses (withholds the evidence) and does not produce it.—כ׳ עון to suppress guilt, to forgive, cause forgiveness. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Eth Korb., p. 61ᵇ; Pesikta Rabbati section 16, see כֶּבֶשׁ; and frequently to violate. Esther Rabbah to 7, 7 [read:] הרי הוא כּוֹבְשֵׁנִי וכ׳ behold, he is attacking me in thy presence. to pave, grade a road.—participle passive כָּבוּשׁ, feminine כְּבוּשָׁה. Tanchuma Chukkath 20 דרך כ׳ a graded road; the same place (ibid.) edition Buber edition 47; Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 764. [Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 52 כובשים במזלות, read with Yalkut Shimoni Joshua 22: חושבים; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 77 רוגשים.] Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיבֵּשׁto press, squeeze.—participle passive מְכוּבָּשׁ, plural מְכוּבָּשִׁים. Tosefta Mikvaoth 6 (7), 17 לכלוכי צואה … המ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) והמכושים, correct accordingly) secretory substances … which are compressed, i.e. dried up by being sat upon. (compare סָלַל 2) to press down, make even, grade. Betzah 4, 5 מְכַבְּשִׁין you may press the ashes down (make a graded surface for baking); and elsewhere—Transferred to level, make plain. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 2 (play on כבשים, Proverbs 28, 26, see כֶּבֶשׁ) … כְּבָשִׁים … תהי׳ מְכַבֵּשׁ לפניהם וכ׳ it may be read K’bashim (grades), as long as thy pupils are young, make the words of the Law plain before them; when they are older reveal to them the secrets (reasons) of the Law; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 985 הֱיֵה כוֹבֵשׁ לפניהם (another explained, see below).—כ׳ את הריחיים [to carve steps for the grain,] to put the millstones in working order. Moed Katan 1, 9; explained the same place (ibid.) 10ᵃ to sharpen the millstones (see נָקַר I), (other opinion) to cut the hole out for the hopper. (interch. with Kal) to conquer, defeat. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᶜ top שבע שכִּיבְּשׁוּ seven years during which they were engaged in conquering the land; Chullin 17ᵃ שכבשו. Sifré Deuteronomy 51 לכַבֵּש ח"ל עד שלא יְכַבְּשׁוּ וכ׳ to conquer foreign land before they shall have conquered Palestine. Pesachim 5ᵇ נכרי שכִּיבַּשְׁתּוֹ a gentile who is in thy power. Yevamoth 65ᵇ (referring to וכבשה, Genesis 1, 28) איש דרכו לכַבֵּשׁ וכ׳ it is man who conquers (the earth) but not woman; Kiddushin 35ᵃ; and frequently to suppress, withhold. Shir HaShirim Rabbah the passage cited תהי׳ מכבש לפניהם וכ׳ withhold from them, i.e. teach them merely the words of the Law without arguments; (another explained, see above). (denominative of כֶּבֶשׁ) to storm, climb over. Tosefta Sotah 6, 6 מכבש את הגנות וכ׳ climbing over the garden fences and violating the women; Bereshith Rabbah section 53; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 94 מַכְבִּישׁ Hif'ilNif'al נִפְעַל נִכְבַּשׁto be pressed down, suppressed. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Eth. Korb. p. 61ᵇ כל דבר שהוא נ׳ סופו לצוף whatever is pressed down, is liable to come to the surface again; Pesikta Rabbati section 16. to be submissive. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 30, end when scholars sit down ונִכְבָּשִׁין אלו לאלו and are submissive (respectful) to one another; (Shabbath 63ᵃ ונוחין). to have surreptitious intercourse. Sifra Emor, Parah 6, Chaldaic (Aramaic) V נ׳ עם; Yevamoth 7, 5 נ׳ על. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְבִּישׁto climb, see above. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכַּבֵּשׁ,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְכַּבֵּשׁto be conquered, be taken. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ bottom of the page כמי שנִתְכַּבְּשׁוּ they are to be treated as if they had been subdued (in the days of Joshua). the same place (ibid.) שמא נִתְכַּבְּשָׁה מד"ת perhaps it was to be taken by the command of the Law; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 7, 8ᵃ bottom of the page (correct accordingly). Shemoth Rabbah section 18 עכשיו … מִתְכַּבֶּשֶׁת בידו just now Jerusalem may be taken by him (Sennacherib). [Psikta Zutrathi, ed. Buber, Ekeb, edition Buber edition p. 30 מתכבשים, מתכבשות, see כָּתַשׁ.] ↗ original
כְּבַשׁto press, grade, make a path. Targum Job 19, 12 (Hebrew text סלל). Targum Isaiah 40, 3; and elsewhere— participle passive כָּבִישׁ, feminine כְּבִישָׁא. Targum Onkelos Numbers 20, 19 (not כְּבָשָׁא). Targum Isaiah 11, 16; and elsewhere—plural כְּבִישִׁיןdams. the same place (ibid.) 19, 10.—Eruvin 34ᵇ כְּבוּשׁוּ כבשי וכ׳ make a dam (or embankment) in the reed-marshes. to press on, to put on (the head). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 8, 13 (Hebrew text חבש). to bind, fillet; to inlay. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 38, 28 (Hebrew text חשק; O. Pa.). Targum Isaiah 54, 11.—participle passive as ab.; plural feminine כְּבִישָׁן. (with על) to tread upon, to stamp out. Targum Micah 7, 19. Targum Esther 1, 5. (interch. with Pa.) to suppress, oppress; to conquer, force; to violate. Targum Joshua 8, 21. Targum Psalms 4, 6. Targum 2 Esther 7, 8; and frequently—participle passive as ab. Targum Hosea 5, 11.—Zevachim 73ᵇ, נִיכְבְּשִׁינְהוּ, see נוּד Chaldaic (Aramaic) Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 4, end, 7ᵃ דילמא לא כ׳ צינתה will it (the band around the head) not overcome (counter-act the effect of) the cold? to withhold, detain. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 29, 22.—Niddah 39ᵇ a hen that laid one day וכַבְשָׁה יומא וכ׳ and held back (failed to lay) one day etc. to hide (the face); to close (the eyes). Targum Exodus 3, 6. Targum Leviticus 20, 4; and frequently—Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 22, 1 edition Berlin edition (edition Ithpeel); the same place (ibid.) 4 (supply (understood word) עינין).—Bava Bathra 40ᵇ כְּבִישְׁנָא לשטר וכ׳ I shall hide the deed of mortgage. Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּבֵּישׁsame. Targum Proverbs 16, 32 מְכַבֵּישׁ manuscript (edition מַכְבֵּישׁAf.) who conquers. Targum Joshua 8, 19.—Targum Onkelos Exodus 38, 28 (see above). Targum Lamentations 3, 34; and frequently—Sanhedrin 95ᵃ דכַבְּשִׁית בתקוף ידי which I conquered with the strength of my hand; [the same place (ibid.) כבשית כל מדינתי, read כנשית;] Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 284.—participle passive מְכַבַּשׁ, feminine מְכַבְּשָׁא; plural מְכַבְּשִׁין; מְכַכְּשָׁן. Targum Exodus 38, 17 (Hebrew text מחשקים). the same place (ibid.) 27, 17 (not מְכֻבָּשִׁין, see O. edition Berlin edition). Targum Amos 6, 4.—Targum Jeremiah 18, 15 (Hebrew text סלולה); and elsewhere Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְבֵּישׁ , see above. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּבֵישׁto be conquered; to be subdued, oppressed. Targum Numbers 32, 22. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 16, 9 (some edition אתכנעי); and elsewhere (of the face) to be sunk (in fear, shame), to grieve. Targum Genesis 4, 5; 6 (Hebrew text נפל). to withdraw one’s self. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 22, 1, see above. ↗ original
כֶּבֶשׂ probably frequently כבשto be thick, strong; compare Arab. kabš, a. see אִימַּר) sheep (at least one year old). Menachoth 13, 7, and the following; and frequently—plural כְּבָשִׂים. the same place (ibid.) 9 אחד מִכְּבָשַׂי one of my sheep. Zevachim 9, 5; and frequently—Fem.כִּבְשָׂה or כַּבְשָׂה. Bereshith Rabbah section 44 כ׳ של יחיד the sheep which is offered as an individual’s sacrifice. Tosefta Yevamoth 3, 4; Yoma 66ᵇ (see Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage))—Vayikra Rabbah section 37; Tanchuma Vayishl. 8 מביא (אדם) כִּבְשָׂתוֹ וכ׳ let man bring his sheep directly to the Temple court (without previous dedication by a vow); Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 1, 36ᵈ כִּשְׂבָּתוֹ. Tanchuma Tol’d. 5; Esther Rabbah to 9, 2 גדולה היא הכ׳ וכ׳ great is the sheep (Israel) that lives among seventy wolves (nations). Tanchuma Ki Thissa 4 אדם ששבה את הכ׳ וכ׳ a man who captured the lamb (Bathsheba, see 2 Samuel 12, 3, and the following) and killed the shepherd (Uriah); and frequently ↗ original
כֶּבֶשׁ m (Biblical Hebrew; press.—plural כְּבָשִׁים, כְּבָשִׁין. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Eth. Korb., p. 61ᵇ (play on כבשים, Numbers 28, 3) כ׳ שהן כובשין וכ׳ (the sacrifices are) presses, for they suppress the sins etc.; Pesikta Rabbati section 16. ascent, grade, landing bridge. Zavim 3, 1; 3. Shabbath 16, 8; and elsewhere—Esp. the inclined plane leading to the altar. Middoth 3, 3. Zevachim 5, 3; and frequently—plural as ab. the same place (ibid.) 62ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 63ᵃ כל כִּבְשִי כבשים … חוץ של מזבח וכ׳ all grades of ascents (in the Temple) were at the rate of three cubits per one cubit (of vertical elevation), except the ascent of the altar which was at the rate of three cubits and a half and etc.; (for variant reading lect. see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage), and Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage) a. Menachoth 41ᵇ under the word ארבעה); Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 2, 24ᵇ bottom of the page, see כִּיבּוּשׁ Hebrew—Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joshua 2); Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 7 (explained דָּיֵק, Ezekiel 21, 27) כ׳ embankments round a besieged city (Lat. agger, see כּוֹבֵשׁ). preserving fruit. Terumoth 2, 6 זיתי כ׳ olives good for preserves, opposite זתי שמן.—plural as ab. pressed, preserved vegetables etc., Shevi'ith 9, 5 הכובש שלשה כ׳ וכ׳ if one puts three sorts of pressed vegetables into one vessel. Shabbath 108ᵇ; and elsewhere—[Bereshith Rabbah section 66 כבשיהן some edition, see כִּיבּוּשׁ Hebrew] ↗ original
כֵּבַשׁ 2ascent (scamnum), stepping stool. Targum I Chronicles 26, 16 (Hebrew text מסלה). the same place (ibid.) 28, 2 כבש (construct state); Targum Psalms 132, 7 (Hebrew text הדם). Targum Isaiah 66, 1 כְּבַשׁ (edition Lagarde edition כֵּיבַשׁ). pressboard and loading stone.—plural כִּבְשֵׁי, כִּי׳. Bava Bathra 67ᵇ (explained עבירים, Mishnah the same place (ibid.)) כִּי׳ Munich manuscript (edition כב׳). grade; בֵּי כ׳a graded field which requires no artificial irrigation, opposite בי שקיא. Kiddushin 62ᵇ dam or embankment. plural as ab. Eruvin 34ᵇ, see כְּבַשׁ. the hot ashes (pressed and levelled) in the oven (see Betzah 4, 5 quoted under the word כָּבַשׁPi'el). Chullin 93ᵇ רישא בכ׳ a head put in ashes (for removing the hair before boiling). path. Targum 2 Samuel 20, 12, and the following כי׳ edition Lagarde edition (edition Vilna edition כַּבְ׳). Targum I Samuel 4, 13 כִּבֶּשׁ construct state, see כְּבִישׁ.—6) (archit.) recess, enceinte. Targum Ezekiel 45, 4; the same place (ibid.) 48, 21 construct state כֵּיבַשׁ edition Vilna edition (Hebrew text מקדש). ↗ original
כַּבְשָׁא feminine Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew כֶּבֶשׁ 3. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 4, 5ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 5, end, 15ᵇ, see אֲהִינָא↗ original
כִּבְשָׂה , see כֶּבֶשׂ. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 7, beginning 40ᵇ הנודר מן כבשה, read פירות שנה as Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 1.] ↗ original
כִּבְשָׁןkiln, furnace. Kelim 8, 9 כ׳ של סיידין וכ׳ the furnace of lime burners, glass-makers and potters. Sukkah 7ᵇ עשויה ככ׳ shaped like a furnace (round). Bereshith Rabbah section 44 כִּבְשַׁן האש the heated furnace. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 16 היוצר … בודק כִּבְשָׁנוֹ when the potter examines a batch of his kiln; and frequently—plural כִּבְשׁוֹנוֹת. Bava Kamma 82ᵇ אין עושין בה כ׳ no furnaces were erected in Jerusalem; Chagigah 26ᵃ; Zevachim 96ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) נהדרינהו לכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition אהדר׳) let them be put back into the furnaces (to be baked over). Tosefta Bava Bathra 1, 10 מרחיקין את הכ׳ וכ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) כבשנית, correct accordingly) furnaces must be removed from the town fifty cubits.— that which is withheld, secret. Chagigah 13ᵃ (play on כבשים, Proverbs 27, 26) א"ת כבשים אלא כְּבוּשִׁים דברים שהם כִּבְשׁוֹנוֹ של עולם וכ׳ Munich manuscript read not K’basim but K’bushim, things which are the secret of the world (esoteric doctrines) must be kept under one’s garment (in one’s bosom). ↗ original
כַּד 1 (a compound or composed of כ a. ד, corresp. to Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר or כְּשֶׁ־) when, as, as though. Targum Exodus 17, 11. Targum Psalms 119, 109 כיד על גב manuscript (edition only ע"ג) as though (carried) on etc.; and very frequently—Targum Isaiah 29, 15 כִּדְבְּקִבְלָא (edition Lagarde edition כיד בק׳) as though in darkness. Targum Onkelos Numbers 29, 18 כדחזי, see חֲזִי, as it is proper; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ top of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 7, 44ᵇ top כד דהיא וכ׳ when there is etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᵃ bottom of the page כד הוינן; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, 74ᵇ bottom of the page כרי דהוינן, see נְהַר I. Bava Kamma 52ᵃ (proverb) כד רגיז וכ׳ when the shepherd is angry with his flock, he makes a blind sheep the leader. the same place (ibid.) 64ᵇ, and frequently כִּדְּאַמְרֵי וכ׳ as they say etc. the same place (ibid.) 64ᵇ כִּדְּתָנָא דבי וכ׳ as (that which) the scholars of the school of … said. the same place (ibid.) מיבעי ליה לכִדְּתָנִי it is needed for (something like) what has been taught. the same place (ibid.) לְכִדְּרָבָא for what Raba said. Bava Metzia 99ᵇ כדרבא agreeably to what R. said; and very frequently—[Bamidbar Rabbah section 14 א"ת כדרבונות אלא כִּדֵּרַבָּניּת read not (Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 11) kaddarbonoth, but kidd’rabbanuth, like a command of authority.] ↗ original
כַּד 2 (כדד, compare כָּדַר, to be rounded) (adjective) arched, opposite חד pointed. Avodah Zarah 40ᵃ; Chullin 64ᵃ, see חַד I.—plural כַּדִּין, the same place (ibid.) common gender (Biblical Hebrew) an arched, pouched vessel, jug etc.; compare חָבִית. Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 מתגלגל ככד rolling like a jug. Bava Kamma 3, 1 (identical with חבית). Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 10, 1 כַּדּוֹ ריקנית (fem.) one’s vessel when empty; and frequently—plural כַּדִּים, כַּדִּין. Tanchuma Vayigg. 11 (referring to Psalms 16, 7) נעשו … כשתי כ׳ של מים וכ׳ his two kidneys became like two water pitchers and they were giving forth a flow of religious wisdom; the same place (ibid.) edition Buber edition 12 שלמים (correct accordingly); Bereshith Rabbah section 61 כמין שני רבנים (correct accordingly); Midrash Tehillim to Psalms I כעין שני כדים edition Buber edition (other edition כשני רבנן, correct accordingly); Avoth d’R. Nath. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 33 חכמים (correct accordingly).—Kethuboth 13, 4 כַּדֵּי שמן vessels with oil, opposite קנקנים empty vessels; and frequently ↗ original
כַּדָּא Bava Kamma 27ᵃ באתרא דכ׳ לא קרו וכ׳ in a place where they distinguish between kadda a. ḥabitha (see the preceding). Bava Metzia 59ᵃ (proverb) כמשלם שערי מכ׳ וכ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) when the barley is gone from the pitcher, strife knocks and enters; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 888 כַּדָּה.—Chullin 58ᵇ top הני תמרי דכ׳ (variant reading דכרים, see כְּרוּם Chaldaic (Aramaic)) dates kept in a vessel (which became worm-eaten); and frequently—plural כַּדִּין, כַּדַּיָּא. Targum I Kings 18, 34. Targum Judges 7, 20; and elsewhere—Transferred כַּדָּאa big figure, important personage. Yevamoth 70ᵃ בן בתי כ׳ my grandson, the big vessel (high-priest), opposite כוזא the little jug (bastard). ↗ original
כְּדַב (see כזב) to be false. Targum Hosea 4, 2. Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּדֵּיבto lie, give false evidence; to be faithless; to deny. Targum Onkelos Genesis 18, 15. Targum Job 31, 28 (manuscript כַּדְבֵּיב׳); and frequently to give the lie, to refute. the same place (ibid.) 24, 25. to flatter. Targum Psalms 18, 45; and elsewhere Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְכַּדֵּיבto be proved false. Targum 2 Kings 4, 16. Targum Proverbs 30, 6. to flatter, be submissive. Targum 2 Samuel 22, 45. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 33, 29 יִתְכַּדְבוּן (Yerushalmi (prefix) יִתְכָּ׳). ↗ original
כַּדָּבָא (the preceding) liar; false. Targum Proverbs 19, 22 (manuscript כַּדָּאבָא).—Berachoth 59ᵃ, see the preceding—plural כַּדָּבִין, כַּדָּבַיָּיא, כַּדִּי׳. Targum Isaiah 30, 9; and elsewhere fiction-teller, story-teller.—plural as ab. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, end, 14ᵈ כל כ׳ טבין וכ׳ all fiction-tellers are good, but those who tell their own inventions concerning the Law are bad; (variant reading חרשׁיא, see חַרְשָׁא; anoth. variant reading ברכיא correct accordingly);—[perh. to be read: כִּדְבַיָּאfictions, see the preceding]. ↗ original
כַּדָּד (denominative of כַּד 2) potter. Moed Katan 13ᵇ; Pesachim 55ᵇ Munich manuscript (edition כדר). [Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 10, 6 כדדין, some edition, see גַּרְדּוֹם.] ↗ original
כַּדָּה , see כַּדָּא.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 8, 44ᵈ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᶜ תחות כ׳, read: כָּרֵיה, see כָּרָא.] ↗ original
כְּדוּ (compound or composed of כַּד הוּ, see כַּד I, compare דּוּ) when it (happens that), whenever, when. Targum Lamentations 3, 50 עד כ׳ ד־ until what time he etc.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᶜ bottom of the page כ׳ נפיק וכ׳ (edition Krot. כד) whenever he comes from school. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 1, end, 58ᵃ כידו אתי וכ׳ (not בידו) whenever he went to take (bread) into his hand. as it is(כִּדְהוּ), now. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 26, 28 כ׳ נפקת now that thou hast gone away. Targum Judges 5, 9. Targum Jeremiah 31, 18. Targum Isaiah 32, 14.—Sukkah 44ᵇ כ׳ הוית דייר וכ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) I have now been in this country etc.; and frequently—[Bereshith Rabbah section 44 מן כ׳, see מִלְכְיָא.]—5. כְּדִי. ↗ original
כדוכסין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 2, 8ᶜ bottom of the page variant reading, see פְּרַכְסִין↗ original
*כַּדּוּם (denominative of כַּד 2) a sort of lever with which a pitcher is fished out of the well; other opinion: a pitcher-stand, watercooler.—plural כַּדּוּמִים, כַּדּוּמִין. Kelim 13, 7; T’bul Yom. 4, 6, see אַשְׁקְלוֹן. ↗ original
כְּדוּן , (כַּדּוּן manuscript) (contracted of כְּעַידַּן, see כְּעַן; compare הָאִידְּנָא) now, at that time. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 22, 4; 6 (O. כְּעַן; Hebrew text עתה). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 13, 7 עד כ׳ as yet; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᵈ bottom of the page דעד כ׳ וכ׳ for up to that time people are awake. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 2, beginning 58ᵇ עד כ׳ לחה thus far (so much about) fresh flour. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 5, 20ᵇ bottom of the page כ׳ right now, opposite בתר זמן. Bereshith Rabbah section 22, beginning (referring to Psalms 25, 6) לא מן דכ׳ וכ׳ not from this day, but from eternity; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 702 מן הדין (read: מן כ׳).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᶜ מאי כ׳ how is it now? (what is the result, the law etc.?); Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 4, 18ᵇ bottom of the page מיי כ׳; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 6, 44ᵃ bottom of the page ולית אתון אמרין מהָן כ׳ ונתן וכ׳ (not מהו) and you did not say whence it was derived. Now (I will tell you, We read,) ‘and he shall give’ etc.—the same place (ibid.) ולית אתון מיניהון מהו כ׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כַּדּוּר common gender (Biblical Hebrew; ball, globe. Tosefta Shabbath 9 (10), 6 כדי ליתן לתוך כ׳ וכ׳ as much as is required to stuff a small ball. the same place (ibid.) X (11), 10 המשחקין בכ׳ who play at ball. Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 11 (play on כדרבנות, the same place (ibid.)) ככ׳ שלבנות like the girls’ ball; מה כ׳ זה וכ׳ as the ball etc., see כָּדַר; Bamidbar Rabbah section 14; section 15 (correct accordingly); Tanchuma B’haăl. 15; Pesikta Rabbati section 3. Vayikra Rabbah section 23 לבנה בכַדּוּרָהּ the moon on re-entering her periodical orbit (after nineteen years); (Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵈ בתקופתה, Babylonian Berachoth 59ᵇ בגבורתה). Avodah Zarah 3, 1 כל שיש בידו … או כ׳ a statue holding in its hand … a ball (globe); the same place (ibid.) 41ᵃ כ׳ שתופש את עצמו … וככ׳ the ball (means symbolically) that he causes himself to be caught like a ball in behalf of the entire world (vicarious sacrifice); Bamidbar Rabbah section 13; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ bottom of the page כ׳ שהעולם עשוי ככ׳ the ball symbolizes the world which has the shape of a ball; and elsewhere ↗ original
כַּדּוּרָא Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ bottom of the page [read:] בגין כן … ליה בכ׳ בידיה therefore he (Alexander the Macedonian) is represented in statuary with a ball in his hand; Bamidbar Rabbah section 13. ↗ original
כַּדּוֹרִיתsame. Tanchuma B’midb. 2 סלע כמין כוורת או כ׳ (the well moving with the Israelites in the desert was) a rock in the shape of a bee-hive or a globe (see Tanchuma edition Buber edition the same place (ibid.) note 21).—plural כַּדּוֹרִיּוֹת. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 87ᵃ (description of Roman tortures) שהיו נותנים כ׳ של אש וכ׳ they put glowing iron balls under their armpits; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 7; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 16; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 667 בדודיות (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כְּדִי 1 (= כַּד הִי, see כְּדוּ) when; now (that). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 27, 34. the same place (ibid.) 39, 10; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᵈ top כ׳ טבא when it (the eye-paint) is good. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 6, 25ᶜ bottom of the page כ׳ יהב ליה כ׳ when he gives him the whole of it. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, 74ᵇ bottom of the page כ׳ דהוינן, see כַּד I.—2) [as it is,] incidentatly, without special reason, not meaning it exactly. Rosh Hashanah 5ᵃ פסח כ׳ נסבה the writer uses the word Pesaḥ (the same place (ibid.) 4ᵃ, quoted frequently Tosefta Arachin 3, 17) incidentally (compare אַשְׁגָּרָה); Zevachim 99ᵇ. Kiddushin 5ᵇ סיפא כ׳ נסבה the second proposition was incidentally asserted (is not to be pressed), opposite דַּוְקָא.—3.) as such, alone, merely. Kethuboth 36ᵇ bottom of the page מעיד בה כ׳ if he merely testifies in her favor (without having been instrumental in redeeming her from captivity). Gittin 55ᵃ יאוש כ׳ וכ׳ the mere giving up of robbed property (without a change of hands after the renunciation) gives the robber no rights. מילי דכ׳־words spoken merely for saying something, for fun. Sanhedrin 29ᵇ כל מילי דכ׳ וכ׳ people do not remember words thrown out in a jocular way.—[Bechoroth 8ᵇ מילי דכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) fictions, stories; see כַּדְבָא).—בִּכְ׳ for whatever it be, for a trifle; for no cause. Yevamoth 39ᵇ בכ׳ תיפוק can she be dismissed without any formality (with his mere refusal to marry her)?—Taanith 5ᵇ, see בְּכָא. Kethuboth the passage cited לא שדי … בכ׳ one does not throw away one’s money at random (unless sure that there is no legal impediment to marrying the woman whom he is about to redeem). Nedarim 22ᵃ בכ׳ לא אדרתה for a paltry reason she would surely not have forbidden her, see נְדַר. the same place (ibid.) 29ᵃ פקעה בכ׳ ceases without any formality; and elsewhere—מִכְּ׳ from such (a condition) as it is, now, well, you know. Gittin 68ᵇ מ׳ כי מיית וכ׳ now when you die, you will have etc. Shabbath 78ᵃ מ׳ כל מילתא וכ׳ you know, whenever there is an ordinary and an extraordinary way of using an object, etc. Chullin 109ᵇ; and elsewhere—Esp. (introducing an argument) now, is it not so? the same place (ibid.) 29ᵃ מ׳ על עיף קאי וכ׳ does not the writer of the Mishnah treat of birds? Well then, if he meant sacrificial fowls he ought to have said hammolek! Bava Kamma 3ᵃ מ׳ שקולין וכ׳ now that they are alike, let both be included, for which will you exclude?—Betzah 2ᵇ מ׳ מאן סתמה וכ׳ now, who is it that states that proposition in the Mishnah anonymously? Of course, Rabbi. Now, why etc.; and frequently ↗ original
*כְּדִי 2K’di(?). Bava Metzia 2ᵃ; Yoma 44ᵃ; 72ᵇ, and frequently ואמרי לה כ׳ and some say. It was K. [Prob. meaning: as the case may be, i.e. and some introduce respectively other persons, see the preceding] ↗ original
כְּדָיי (formed from כְּדֵי, see דַּי) adequate, worthy, competent, deserving. Bereshith Rabbah section 76 (referring to Genesis 32, 11) איני כ׳ I am not deserving (of any of all the mercies); כ׳ אני אבל וכ׳ I am worthy (of some) but too small for all etc. Bava Bathra 165ᵇ אני איני כ׳ שאתם וכ׳ I do not deserve the honor of having that question put to me by you. Gittin 90ᵇ; Tosefta Sotah 5, 9 כ׳ הוא במיתה he deserves death. Berachoth 9ᵃ, and frequently the authority of כ׳ הוא וכ׳ R. … is sufficient to be relied upon etc.; and frequently—plural כְּדָאִים, כְּדָאִין, כְּדָיִין. Mechilta Yithro, Amalek, section 1 אין אנו ב׳ שישמשנו (edition Weiss כְּדָיִן) we are not worthy to be served by him; and elsewhere—Fem. כְּדָאִית. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 2 איני כ׳ לשפחתו I am not worthy to be his handmaid. ↗ original
כְּדָיי ² (the preceding) sufficiency, worthiness. Tosefta Sotah 3, 19 אין כְּדַיי באי העולם וכ׳ human beings are not worthy for me to live among them; (Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 אין באי … כְּדָאִין, a. כְּדַאי, see the preceding).—Bereshith Rabbah section 46, see אֱלָהוּת. ↗ original
כַּדְכֹּד see כַּדְכְּדוֹן) chalcedony, a gem. Pesikta Rabbati section 32 אלו אבני כ׳ these are the gems of kadkod. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 4, 48ᵇ bottom of the page, see שבטא דכ׳, Babylonian edition דכדכדא, see כַּרְכָּר). ↗ original
כַּדְכְּדוֹן (χαλκηδών, see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Talmud Dictionary 2, p. 449ᵇ) chalcedony, Judah’s gem in the high priest’s breastplate. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 28, 18 כדכודי (incorr. a. misplaced); Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 כדכדנא (Hebrew text נפך). Shemoth Rabbah section 38, end ברדינין, ברדנין (correct accordingly).—plural כַּדְכְּדוֹנִין. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Aniya p. 136ᵃ כדכריינין, כדכדיינון (correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) אבני כַּדְכְּדַיָּיה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כידכייא, correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 339 כַּדְכּוֹדַיָּיה; Pesikta Rabbati section 32 אבני כדכדנא Chalcedonian stones; see כַּדְכֹּד. Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 כַּדְכּוֹדָנִין↗ original
כדכיאות , Sifré Deuteronomy 204 תקון וכ׳, Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 923 תיקון ודוגיאות, a corruption, read: תִּיקּוּנֵי כַרְכּוֹמִיןpreparations for sieges; compare Targum Deuteronomy 20, 20 a. Psikta Zutrathi, ed. Buber ad loc. (on the passage) (Deuteronomy p. 67). ↗ original
כָּדַן , (compare Assyr. kidînu servant, Friedr. Delitzsch, Prolegomena p. 200 note 7) [to bend,] to yoke, put to work. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᵇ (בריחיים) כּוֹדְנוֹ לריחיים he puts his father to treading the mill (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 31ᵃ bottom of the page מטחינו, see טָחַן). Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 31ᵃ top לכשיזקין הוא כודנו בריחיים when the horse grows old, he puts him etc. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּידֵּןsame.—participle passive מְכוּדָּן. Echah Rabbah to 1, 14 (referring to נפש חיה, Genesis 2, 7, as if meaning self-supporting) עשאו עבד מ׳ בפני עצמו וכ׳ the Lord made man a slave put to work for himself, for if he does not work, he has nothing to eat; Bereshith Rabbah section 14 מכורן, מחורר; Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 17 מכורן עבד (correct accordingly).—plural fem. מְכוּדָּנוֹת. Vayikra Rabbah section 16 (play on יְשִׂפַּח, Isaiah 3, 17) עשאן שְׁפָחוֹת מכ׳ the enemies made them handmaids, forced to hard labor; the same place (ibid.) מהו מ׳ אמהן משעבדן; Echah Rabbah to 4, 15 מכודניות (correct accordingly).—5. כּוּדְנָא. ↗ original
כָּדַר (see כַּד 2) to be arched, rounded. Avodah Zarah 40ᵃ; Chullin 64ᵃ (sign of eggs of clean birds) כל שכּוֹדֶרֶת ועגולגולת (variant reading קוֹדֶרֶת, קוֹדֶדֶת, כּוֹדֶדֶת) that which is arched (on top not pointed) and rounded (rolling); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3 (4), 23. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכַּדֵּר (see כַּדּוּר) to be thrown around in a circle of players. Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 11 מה הכדור הזה מִתְכַּדֵּר וכ׳ as the ball is thrown around from hand to hand. ↗ original
כֹּה (Biblical Hebrew) here; thus. Bereshith Rabbah section 56 (referring to עד־כה, Genesis 22, 5) נלך … בסופו של כה we shall go and see what will be the outcome of koh (the promise, ‘thus shall be thy seed’, Genesis 15, 5); Tanchuma Vayera 23. ↗ original
כֵּהֶהthe preceding) (of light) dim. Bereshith Rabbah section 31 בשעה שהיא כ׳ when it (the jewel) shone faintly.—plural כֵּהִים, כֵּהוֹת, כֵּי׳. the same place (ibid.); Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 1, beginning 27ᵃ בשעה שהיו כ׳ וכ׳ when the lights burned dimly, we knew it was day-time. the same place (ibid.) 27ᵇ top בשעה שהיו כיהות when the jewels were dim.—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Kumi, p. 145ᵇ (referring to כׄהׄחלנות Ezekiel 40, 25) חלונות כ׳ היו the windows were dim (stained glass). Chagigah 16ᵃ עיניו כ׳ his eyes will grow dim; and elsewhere (of leprosy) faint, dull, opposite עזה. Nega'im 2, 1, see בַּהֶרֶת. the same place (ibid.) 2 לפי שהכ׳נראית עזה because (in the early morning etc.) the faint spot appears bright; Sifra Thazr., Nega'im, Parah 2, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 1, 32ᵈ הִכְהָה טמא הִכְ׳ מן הַכֵּ׳ טהור if it grows one shade fainter, it is unclean, but when it grows fainter than the next fainter shade, it is clean; Sifra the passage cited edition Venice; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 551 כִּיהָה מן הכֵּ׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) the passage cited; and frequently— (in a transferred sense) doubtful. Niddah 19ᵃ; Nazir 65ᵇ; Sanhedrin 87ᵇ; Kethuboth 75ᵇ ר׳ י׳ אומר כ׳ R. Joshua says, It is doubtful; (Nega'im 4, 11 ר׳ י׳ קֵיהָה or כִּיהָה, see כהי, קהי). ↗ original
כְּהוּנָּהpriesthood, priestly privileges; priestly community. Avoth 4, 13. Sotah 11ᵇ בתי כ׳ priestly families. Middoth 1, 8, and frequently פרחי כ׳ young priests (novices). Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 6ᵃ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 7, 56ᵃ top אין כ׳ היום there is no priesthood to-day (the laws for priests are suspended on the day of Rabbi’s funeral). Tosefta Challah 2, 7, and frequently כ"ד מתנות כ׳ twenty-four gifts of priesthood (priestly prerogatives). Kethuboth 14ᵃ כשרה לכ׳ fit to marry into the priesthood; and very frequently ↗ original
כְּהוּנְּתָא Targum Exodus 29, 9. Targum Numbers 16, 10 כ׳ רבתא high-priesthood; and frequently—Targum Onkelos Exodus 40, 15 כְּהוּנַת edition Berlin edition (edition כַּהֲנוּת).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 1, 25ᶜ סליקא לכ׳ she rose to priesthood (as a priest’s wife); נחיתא מן כ׳ went down from priesthood (ceased to enjoy priestly privileges as a priest’s wife). ↗ original
כֵּהוּת (כָּהָה) dimness. Megillah 28ᵃ (referring to Genesis 20, 16) א"ת כסות … אלא כ׳ עינים Munich manuscript (edition כסיית) read not ‘cover of the eyes’ but ‘dimness of eye-sight’; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 91. ↗ original
כהיto be dim (of sight, light). Bereshith Rabbah section 65 כָּהוּ עיניו his eyes grew dim. the same place (ibid.) שיִכְהוּ עיניו that his eye-sight shall fail. Kiddushin 24ᵇ …הכהו וכָהֲתָה if the master struck him on his eye, and it grew dim; and frequently—participle passive כָּהוּי, feminine כָּהוּיָה. the same place (ibid.) הרי שהיתה עינו כ׳ וכ׳ if his eye-sight was dim, and he (the master) made him perfectly blind. (of color) to be dull, see כֵּהֶה. [Tosefta Eruvin 11 (8), 8; Tanchuma Noah 9, see כָּחַח.] Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיהָה, כִּהָהto grow duller, to be shaded. Sifra Thazr., Nega'im, Parah 2, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2 אם העז וכ׳ if the spot grew brighter and grew duller again; and frequently—2) to declare doubtful. Nega'im 4, 11 ר׳ י׳ כ׳, see כֵּהֶה. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְהָהsame. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 1, 32ᵈ, see כֵּהֶה. Nega'im 11, 5 ה׳ בתחלה if the suspicious spot grew fainter at once (before the ordered isolation was begun); ה׳ בראשון if it grew faint in the first week; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 6 quoted in Rabbenu Shimshon to Nega'im the passage cited (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) כהה כתחלה, other edition only כתחלה, correct accordingly); and frequently to make dim. Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited הריני מַכְהֶה וכ׳ I will make his eye-sight dim. Yalkut Shimoni Ruth 601 ייסורין מַכְהִין וכ׳ … sufferings of poverty dim men’s eyes. Pesikta Rabbati section 14 מכהה גלגל חמה dimmed (outshone) the sun in brightness; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Parah, p. 37ᵃ שיַכְהֶה; and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּהִי Targum Genesis 27, 1. Targum I Kings 14, 4; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 9, 41ᵇ bottom of the page עיני כַּהֲיָיא my eye-sight is failing. Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּהֵי, כַּהֵהto dim, make blind. Yoma 69ᵇ; Sanhedrin 64ᵃ כַּהֲיִינְהוּ לעיניה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כחלינהו, compare כְּבִי) they made his eye-sight dim. the same place (ibid.) 27ᵃ ליכַהֲיוּהוּ לעיניה (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 80) he shall be blinded. (supply (understood word) לִבֵּיה) to be angry; (with ב־ of person) to rebuke. Targum I Samuel 3, 13. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְהֵיto dim. Targum Ezekiel 32, 7 באַכְהָיוּתִי when I make dim (Hebrew text בכבותך). to make the heart faint, to annoy, reproach (falsely). the same place (ibid.) 13, 22 אַכְהֵיתִין לב וכ׳ ye denounced the heart of the righteous to be false (Hebrew text הכאות). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּהִיto be reproached. the same place (ibid.) (Hebrew text הכאבתיו). ↗ original
כֵּהָיוֹן (the preceding words) dimness, fainter color. Tosefta Nega'im 5, 6 חזר לכ׳ if the suspicious spot again turned fainter. ↗ original
כֹּהֵן , see כּוּן; compare Biblical Hebrew כַּן) [standing, stationed,] officer, especially priest. Yoma 6ᵃ, and frequently כ׳ גדול (abbr. כ"ג) high priest, כ׳ הדיוט ordinary priest. Megillah 1, 9 כ׳ משוח an anointed high priest, contradistinguished to מרובה בגדים a high priest distinguished only by his robes (but not anointed, as in the days of the Second Temple). the same place (ibid.) כ׳ משמש officiating highpriest, כ׳ שעבר a substitute of the high priest no longer required, ex-substitute. Horayoth 3, 8 ממזר … קודם לכ"ג ע"ה a bastard who is a scholar has the precedence of an ignorant high priest; and very frequently—plural כֹּהֲנִים. Yevamoth 86ᵇ, and elsewhere בכ"ד מקומות נקראו הכ׳ וכ in twenty four Biblical passages the priests are designated as Levites; and very frequently—תּוֹרַת כֹּהֲנִים (abbr. ת"כ) Torath Kohănim, a) name of the third book of Moses, Leviticus. Kiddushin 33ᵃ. Vayikra Rabbah section 7 מפני מה … בת"כ why do we, in teaching children, commence with Leviticus? and elsewhere—b) name of an halachic commentary to Leviticus, also named Sifra. Yevamoth 72ᵇ; and frequently—Fem. כֹּהֶנֶת, כּוֹהֶ׳a priest’s daughter or wife. Chullin 131ᵇ, and the following—Kethuboth 4, 8 ובכ׳ and in the case of a priest’s wife. the same place (ibid.) 7, 1, and the following (70ᵃ) ובכ׳ Mishnah a. Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Babylonian edition ובכהן). the same place (ibid.) 71ᵃ; and frequently—plural כֹּהֲנוֹת, כּוֹהֲ׳. Berachoth 44ᵃ. Yevamoth 3, 10 אם היו כ׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition כוה׳) if they are daughters of priests; and elsewhere ↗ original
כָּהַן , (Biblical Hebrew), Nithpa'elנִתְכַּהֵן (denominative of כֹּהֵן) to be appointed priest, to act as priest. Zevachim 101ᵇ לא נ׳ פנחס וכ׳ Phineas was not appointed high priest until etc. the same place (ibid.) 102ᵃ לא נ׳ משה וכ׳ Moses acted as priest only during etc. ↗ original
כָּהֵן Targum Jeremiah 14, 18. Targum Malachi 2, 7. Targum Leviticus 1, 7; and very frequently—Sanhedrin 110ᵃ, and frequently כ׳ רבא high priest. Chullin 49ᵃ ישמעאל כ׳ מסייע כהני Ishmael, being a priest, favors the priests. Gittin 59ᵇ קרי בכ׳ read from the Torah in the priest’s place, i.e. was called up the first; Megillah 22ᵃ Oxford manuscript (edition בכהני plural); and frequently—plural כַּהֲנִין, כַּהֲנַיָּא, כַּהֲנֵי. Targum Exodus 19, 6. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 1, 5; and frequently—Gittin the passage cited כ׳ חשיבי דא"י highly esteemed Palestinean priests; and frequently—Fem. (כֹּהֶנֶת) כַּהַנְתָּא. Chullin 131ᵇ … יהיב לכ׳ gave priestly gifts to a priest’s daughter (married to an Israelite). Pesachim 49ᵃ נסיב כ׳ married a priest’s daughter.—plural כַּהֲנָתָא. Berachoth 44ᵃ ↗ original
כָּהֵן ² (or כֹּהֵן), כַּהֲנָא 2 proper noun of a male person Kahen, Kahăna, name of several Amoraim. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 6ᵃ, and frequently ר׳ כהן.—Bava Kamma 117ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 4, beginning 59ᵇ; and frequently—Eruvin 8ᵇ רב כ׳ רביה דרב (see, however, Munich manuscript a. Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) notes); and frequently—see Friedman M’bo, p. 109ᵇ, and the following ↗ original
כֹּהֲנִי (denominative of כֹּהֵן) one proving priestly descent, belonging to the priestly caste. Kiddushin 4, 1; Yevamoth 37ᵃ (collective noun).—plural כֹּהֲנִים. the same place (ibid.) 85ᵃ; see יִשְׂרְאֵלִי. ↗ original
*כַּהֲנָכָא (כהן, with format. כ; see letter כ) the attendant’s or priest’s lustral basin (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Chernips).—plural כַּהַנְכָתָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 31, 23; compare כַּרְנִיבָּאוֹת. ↗ original
כּוּב (כָּבַב, see כְּבַב) [ball,] thorn, a prickly salt-plant.—plural כּוּבִּים, כּוּבִּין. Bereshith Rabbah section 49 למגל כוסחת כ׳ like a sickle mowing thorns; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 950 כוב. Shemoth Rabbah section 42 נעשו כזבים (correct accordingly), see סֵרָיוּת. מדבר כ׳ proper noun Desert of Kub (compare Ezekiel 30, 5) = Biblical שׁוּר. Shemoth Rabbah section 24; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 255; (Tanchuma Beshallach 18; Mechilta the same place (ibid.), Vayassa 1; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 266 בזב). ↗ original
כּוּבָּא 1 Targum Proverbs 26, 9 (Hebrew text חוח).—Bereshith Rabbah section 44; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 285 (proverb) עד דסנדלך … כ׳ while the sandal is on thy foot, tread the thorn down; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Asser, p. 99ᵇ כבוש בופה (correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 892.—plural כּוּבִּין, כּוּבַּיָּא, כּוּבֵּי, כֻּבּ׳. Targum Genesis 3, 18 (some edition כּוּבִין, incorr.). Targum 2 Samuel 23, 6. Targum Hosea 2, 8.—Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 1), see גְּבַב,—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ לאילין כ׳, see סְדַר. the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page סייגין כ׳ (read דכ׳) hedges of thornbushes. Bereshith Rabbah section 2 (referring to Genesis 1, 2) עד דהיא פגה אפיקת כ׳ while she (the earth) was yet in her incipiency, she produced thorns; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 4 כובה (correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 274 כובי; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 959. ↗ original
כּוּבָּא 2 (see the preceding; compare כַּד 2) wine cask(Hebrew . Shabbath 48ᵃ. Avodah Zarah 60ᵃ נכרי אדנא וישראל אכ׳ the gentile attending to the barrel (emptying it) and the Israelite to the cask (receiving the wine). the same place (ibid.) כ׳ מליא (if the gentile carries) a cask which is brimful. Shabbath 141ᵃ [read:] לא ליצדד … כ׳ בארעא (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) one must not (on the Sabbath) bend sideways a cask which rests in the ground; and elsewhere—plural כּוּבֵּי. Avodah Zarah 33ᵇ אנס הני כ׳ וכ׳ carried casks away from Pumbeditha by force. Bava Metzia 25ᵇ.—בי כ׳ the retailer’s wine shop. Bava Kamma 86ᵃ; Bava Metzia 64ᵇ מרקיד בי כ׳ he dances in the wine house. (compare כּוֹבַע, אֲקוִּנְבִּי), plural כּוּבֵּיturrets of a fort. Yoma 11ᵃ חזוק אקרא דכ׳ a support for the Fort of Turrets (of M’ḥuza); [manuscript L. ליוקרא דכ׳ for the weight of etc.; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 400.]—Kiddushin 70ᵇ בי כ׳ דפומבדיתא the fort of P.—[Megillah 6ᵃ בי כ׳ edition (Munich manuscript כסי, Oxford manuscript מִכְסֵי); Kethuboth 112ᵃ מִיכְסֵי.] ↗ original
כּוּבָּא 3 (see כְּבַבPa.) roasted or charred dough, כ׳ דארעאroasted (over coals) in a cavity of the ground, name of a pastry baked in a cavity made in the stove. Berachoth 37ᵇ, explained טרוקנין. the same place (ibid.) 38ᵃ. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word ככא, reads כוכא.] [Gittin 68ᵃ bottom of the page, see כּוֹכָא.] ↗ original
כּוֹבֶדweight, heaviness, pressure. Sanhedrin 63ᵇ א"ת כבודו אלא כּוֹבְדוֹ Munich manuscript, see כָּבֵד 2. Yoma 41ᵇ בעי כ׳ it requires weight (must be heavy so as to sink into the fire). the same place (ibid.) כדי שיהא בהן כ׳ (they are tied together) in order that they may be heavy. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ צריך לכבוש את כּוֹבְדוֹ (in putting his hands on the sacrifice) he must press his weight on it; (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 16ᵇ סמיכה בכל בחו). Nazir 5ᵃ כ׳ the feeling of heaviness (of the hair).—כ׳ ראש bending down the head; humble, solemn disposition, opposite קלות ראש. Berachoth 5, 1 אין עומדין … כ׳ ראש we must not rise for prayer in any other than a humble etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᵈ top; Tosefta Avodah Zarah 1, 2 שואל בשלומו בכ׳ ר׳ greet him with a bent head (without ostentation). Moed Katan 21ᵇ בשפה רפה ובכ׳ ר׳ in an undertone and with solemnity. roller or beam of a loom; כ׳ העליון the upper beam from which the warp depends; כ׳ התחתון the lower beam, the roller on which the web is wound as it advances. Kelim 21, 1 (Talmud edition כֹּבֶד). Nega'im 11, 9 (fem.). Shabbath 113ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 17, 16ᵃ bottom of the page ↗ original
כּוֹבַעhelmet, turban. Berachoth 24ᵃ מניחן בכ׳ וכ׳ let him put them (the T’fillin) into the turban under his pillow. Gittin 14ᵇ (of the Persians) כּוֹבְעָן אמה their turban is one cubit high; and elsewhere—plural כּוֹבְעִים, כּוֹבְעִין. Bereshith Rabbah section 99 לובשי כ׳ wearing helmets. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 1, end, 43ᵈ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵃ bottom of the page כּוֹבְעֵיהֶן אמה (see above).—Transferred the thyroid cartilage, Adam’s apple. Chullin 19ᵃ משיפוי כ׳ וכ׳ from where the thyroid cartilage begins to protrude and downward. ↗ original
כּוֹבְעָא , especially the priest’s turban.—plural כּוֹבְעִין, כּוֹבְעַיָּא. Targum Exodus 28, 40; 39, 28; and elsewhere (edition Berlin edition ק׳; Hebrew text מגבעות).—Transferred חודא דכובעא the highest point of the thyroid cartilage, see the preceding Chullin 18ᵇ ↗ original
כּוֹבְעָה , plural כּוֹבְעוֹת (the preceding words) the tops of stalks of sheaves. Peah 5, 8 המעמר לכ׳ he who binds sheaves for covering the stalks; explained Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, end, 19ᵃ מן לעיל sheaves to be put on top, opposite לכומסות; see כּוֹמְסָה. ↗ original
כוברים , Pesikta Rabbati section 14 לולייאני בר׳ כ׳, Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Parah, p. 39ᵃ שוורי׳, read: טַבְרִינִי, as Tanchuma, edition Buber edition, Bereshith 4 (see Pesikta d'Rav Kahana the passage cited note 167). ↗ original
כּוֹבֵשׁ , plural כּוֹבְשִׁים, (כָּבַשׁ) כּוֹבְשִׁיןtroops of siege, stormers. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi p. 67ᵃ העמיד עליהן כ׳ כגון האדבה he orders against them the storming troops which corresponds to the plague of locusts; Pesikta Rabbati section 17.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 2, 24ᵇ bottom of the page כובשי כבשים, read: כִּבּיּשֵׁי]. [Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 3, 14 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), see כּוֹבֵס.] ↗ original
*כּוּדָא (= כבדא, compare Syriac (Peshitta) כודא, כודתא, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1690 and the following, a. קָשָׁה) suffering in child-birth. Avodah Zarah 29ᵃ לכ׳ בשיכרא for a woman in child-birth the mixture is made with beer. ↗ original
כּוּדְנָא common gender (כדן) [working beast,] mule. Targum Psalms 32, 9 (manuscript כונדא).—Shabbath 110ᵇ כפותא דכ׳ חיורא (Rashi חיוורתא) excrements of a white mule.—Bava Bathra 91ᵃ כ׳ עקרה במאי פרע לי Munich manuscript (edition פרעא, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כודניא) the mule (Manoah) being barren, how will he pay me back?—plural כּוּדְנַיָּא. Targum Zechariah 14, 15.—Fem. כּוּדְנָיָא, כּוּדַנְתָּא. Targum 2 Samuel 13, 29; and elsewhere—Bechoroth 8ᵇ.—plural כּוּדַנְיָן, כּוּדַנְיָן, כּוּדְנַיָּיתָא. Targum I Kings 10, 25; Targum 2 Chronicles 9, 24. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 36, 24 (not כּוֹדְנַיְיתָא). Targum Isaiah 66, 20 כודנוון edition Lagarde edition (edition Vilna edition כִּדְנְיָן); and elsewhere—Chullin 7ᵇ כ׳ חיוורתא white mules. [Bava Metzia 97ᵃ כודנייתא, Munich manuscript כונדתיה, read כּוּדַנְתֵּיה his mule.] ↗ original
כַּוָּוא (√כו, see כבב, to be arched, hollow) = Hebrew חַלּוֹן, aperture, window. Targum Zephaniah, Book of 2, 14 (edition Lagarde edition כַּוָּה). Targum Proverbs 7, 6 edition Lagarde edition (other edition כַּוַּיָּא plural). Targum Hosea 13, 3 כַּוַּת נורא smoke-hole; and elsewhere—Moed Katan 11ᵃ כוותא דדשא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Rashi manuscript (edition קביותא, Munich manuscript קבוותא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) the arch of the door, upper door-post. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 4, 6ᵇ bottom of the page אודיק ר׳ מן כ׳ Rabbi looked out of the window. Shabbath 35ᵃ וסימניך כ׳ (or כַּוָּותָאplural) thy sign by which to remember be ‘window’ (which reflects the light of the setting sun); and frequently—pluralכַּוִּוין, כַּוַּויָּא, כַּוָּותָא, כַּוֵּי etc. Targum I Kings 6, 4. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 49, 22. Targum Song of Songs 2, 9.—Bava Bathra 6ᵃ בֵּי כַּוֵּי לא וכ׳ apertures in the party wall (for beam-rests) are no evidence of the neighbor’s share in the wall. the same place (ibid.) 75ᵃ כ׳ דבי זיקא (Oxford manuscript כַּוֵּי זיקא) apertures for the air (windows, contradistinguished to openings for doors).—Hebr. pluralכַּוִּין. Sifré Deuteronomy 309 (play on ויכוננך, Deuteronomy 32, 6) עשאך כ׳ כ׳ he made thy body full of cavities (see Psikta Zutrathi, ed. Buber edition Buber edition, Deuteronomy p. 111); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 942 כיון כיון (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כַּוָּוי (see כַּוָּוא) aperture. Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 276 (referring to כַּוָּנִים, Jeremiah 7, 18) היה חופר בתוך ביתו כ׳ קטנה והיו מכוונים וכ׳ used to make in his house a small aperture which was directed exactly towards the east, so that when the morning star rose, he might rise and worship it; Pesikta Rabbati section 31 קטה כמין ניכו׳ (correct accordingly); see כּוֹכֶבֶת. ↗ original
*כַּוָּוןexactly determined place (for worship).—plural כַּוָּונִים. Pesikta Rabbati section 31; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 276 (referring to Jeremiah 7, 18) מהו כ׳ what is kavvanim?, see the preceding [In Biblical Hebrew our word seems to mean certain cakes placed due east.] ↗ original
כִּוּוּן (כּוּן, compare כַּוָּנָה) exact selection of place. Bereshith Rabbah section 15, beginning צריכה כ׳ (planting) requires exact selection; the same place (ibid.) צריך לכַוֵּון את רוחותיה one must determine its position with reference to the cardinal points. ↗ original
כַּוְורָא (see כְּוֶורֶת) [basket, cauf, compare נָחִיל,] fish in the cauf, in gen. fish. Moed Katan 11ᵃ [read:] כ׳ טווייה באחוה וכ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) roast the fish with its brother (salt) etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ ההן דצייד כ׳ he who catches fish (on the Sabbath). Gittin 36ᵃ, and elsewhere צייר כ׳ drew the figure of a fish (in place of his signature); and frequently—plural כַּיְורַיָּא, כַּוְורֵי, כַּוְי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 1, 26, and frequently (only in Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan)).—[Targum Job. 41, 26 בני כוורי, manuscript כונדי, Regia טורי; Hebrew text בני שחץ.]—Taanith 24ᵃ פירא דכ׳ the fish-pond. Kiddushin 72ᵃ.—Moed Katan the passage cited לבאי כ׳ (variant reading כַּוָּארֵי), see בְּדִיתָא; and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּוֶורֶת (כור, compare כְּבָרָה; see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Targum Dictionary 1, p. 428ᵃ) a large round vessel, receptacle of grain, water etc.; כ׳ דבוריםbee-hive. Bamidbar Rabbah section 1; Tanchuma B’midb. 2, see כַּדּוֹרֶת. Shevi'ith 10, 7. Kelim 15, 1 כ׳ הקש וכ׳ הקנים a receptacle made of straw or reeds. the same place (ibid.) 8, 1; Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 6, 3 כ׳ פחותה וכ׳ a defective k’vereth which was repaired with a stuffing of straw. the same place (ibid.) 5, 8 [read:] כָּאוֶרֶת של מתכת וכ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) ניארת, correct accordingly) a metal k. used in the household. Menachoth 95ᵃ כמין כ׳ a kind of bee-hive (honeycombed plate in the stove); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 11, 2 מזרת, מורת (correct accordingly); and elsewhere—plural כְּוָורוֹת. Tosefta Oholoth 10, 5 שתי כ׳ (כוורת edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), variant reading כוארת, correct accordingly). the ramifications of the vine, espalier, the widest extent of branches. Tosefta Kilayim 3, 4; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, 29ᵈ הכ׳ מְכוּוָּן והגוף וכ׳ (sub בֵּית) if the espalier is in a certain direction, but the body of the vine is not in the line. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 3, 21ᵃ top בשהיתה כְּוַרְתּוֹ ארבעה when its ramifications had a circumference of four cubits; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 2, 52ᵈ bottom of the page ככרתו (correct accordingly or כְּבַרְתּוֹ). Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᶜ bottom of the page, see נוֹף I; and elsewhere—Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 13 קוֹרָתוֹ של חרוב (= כְּוַ׳), see next word—plural masculine כְּוָורָתִים, כְּוָורָתִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 4, 29ᵇ top הכוור׳ Rabbenu Shimshon to Kilayim 4, 3 (edition כָּֽרָתִים contracted, compare דָּֽרְבָן). the same place (ibid.) 6, beginning 30ᵇ כרתין. the same place (ibid.) 4, 29ᶜ כרתין; the same place (ibid.) V, 30ᵃ top כרתון (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כְּוַורְתָּאbee-hive. Targum Jeremiah 5, 27 ככ׳ דמליא זיבורייתא Vers. in edition Lagarde edition (see preface to Proph. 34, 13) like a hive full of bees. ramification. Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 כ׳ דחרוביתא the circumference of a carob-tree; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 17ᵇ top edition Amsterdam edition (edition Krot. אורתא, correct accordingly); Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵃ bottom of the page בירתא (correct accordingly); (Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 13, see the preceding). ↗ original
כַּוְּותָא 2 (כְּוִי) searing, blister from a burn. Sanhedrin 84ᵇ edition, see בּוּעֲתָא I. ↗ original
כּוּז (compare כַּד 2) an oil vessel, used in the Temple. Tamid 3, 6 והכ׳ דומה וכ׳ the kuz had the shape of a large wine cup. the same place (ibid.) 9. ↗ original
כּוּזָא , wine pitcher, jug. Targum 2 Esther 2, 21.—Shabbath 77ᵇ (playful etymology) כּוּזָה כָּזֶה edition (Rashi כוזא) it is named kuza—‘like this’ (give us to drink from). Chullin 107ᵃ כ׳ בת רביעתא a Kuza must contain one fourth of a Log. Shabbath 33ᵇ. Taanith 20ᵇ (Munich manuscript אֲכוּזָא); and frequently—Yevamoth 70ᵃ, see כַּדָּא. ↗ original
כּוֹזְכָא(בַּר) בֶּן כ׳ proper noun of a male person Ben-(Bar-) Koz’ba, name of the leader of the Jewish uprising against Hadrian, usually named בר כוכבאBar-Kokhba. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᵈ bottom of the page עקיבא … דרך כוכב … דרך כ׳ Akiba, my teacher, preached, ‘A star goes forth from Jacob’ (Numbers 24, 17) Koz’ba went forth; Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 א"ת כוכב אלא כּוֹזָב read not Kokhab but Kozab. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith the passage cited בן (בר) כוזבה. the same place (ibid.) 69ᵃ top כזובה (correct accordingly). Echah Rabbah the passage cited בן (בר) כוזיבא; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 946.—Denom. כּוֹזְבִי; feminine כּוֹזְבִית, plural כּוֹזְבִיּוֹת. Tosefta Maʿǎser Sheni 1, 6; Bava Kamma 97ᵇ מעות כ׳ coins issued by Bar-K.— בֵּית כ׳ proper noun Beth-Koz’ba, name of a valley. Tanchuma Chukkath 1; (edition Buber edition the same place (ibid.) טופח; Bamidbar Rabbah section 18 תופת; Bereshith Rabbah section 10 בי טרפא; Vayikra Rabbah section 22 בית שופרי; Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 8 טופת; Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 972 נטופא). ↗ original
כּוּזַנְתָּא = כּוּזָא, jug. Avodah Zarah 71ᵇ; Moed Katan 12ᵃ quoted in Rashi to Avodah Zarah the passage cited (edition כּוּזְתָא, Munich manuscript כּוּזָא). Shabbath 139ᵇ אפומא דכוזנתא Rashi manuscript (edition בפומיה דכוזני דחביתא; Oxford manuscript בפומא דכוזתא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) on the mouth of the jug (used for taking wine out of the larger vessel). ↗ original
כּוֹחָל (compare גחל, see Lane Customs, 1837, p. 51 and the following) koḥl, a powder used for painting the eye-lids, stibium. Shabbath 8, 3 (78ᵇ) כּוֹ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כְּח׳); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 11ᵇ bottom of the page כו׳. Chullin 88ᵇ השחור והכ׳ powdered coal and stibium. Sanhedrin 14ᵃ; Kethuboth 17ᵃ (in a song) לא כֹּחָל here is no paint (no showiness). [Tosefta Niddah 6, 4 כוחל, read: בּוֹחַל.] ↗ original
כּוֹחֲלָאsame. Targum 2 Esther 1, 3 (2); Berachoth 18ᵇ, see גּוּבְתָא.—Chullin 47ᵇ ככ׳ as black as stibium. Gittin 69ᵃ top תרתי מנתא כ׳ וכ׳ two portions of stibium and one of etc. אבנא דכ׳ a species of black marble(Biblical Hebrew , see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Carbunculus). Kiddushin 12ᵃ אקדיש בא׳ דכ׳ betrothed a woman by giving her a piece of black marble (of little value). Bava Bathra 4ᵃ; Sukkah 51ᵇ, see מַרְמָרָא. ↗ original
כּוֹחֲלִין (used as singular; see the preceding words; compare Biblical Hebrew נֹפֶךְ a. פּוּךְ) carbuncle, name of a jewel. Shemoth Rabbah section 38, end (corresp. to לשם, Exodus 28, 19). [5., however, כַּחֲלֵי.] ↗ original
כּוֹחֲלִיתKoḥălith, a district conquered by John Hyrcan, [perh. = לפַח, Numbers 21, 30, compare the preceding words a. פֶּחָם]. Kiddushin 66ᵃ כ׳ שבמדבר K. in the desert.—אזוב כ׳ a species of hyssop named after that district. Nega'im 14, 6 כּוֹחֲלִי; Sukkah 13ᵃ לית … Munich manuscript (edition … לי). Parah 11, 7; Chullin 62ᵇ; Sifré Numbers 129. ↗ original
כוי [to cause discoloring,] to sear, cauterize; to scald. Bava Kamma 8, 1 כְּוָאוֹ בשפוד וכ׳ if a person hurt another with a hot spit etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6ᵃ; 6ᵇ (Mishnah a. the same place (ibid.)) כְּוָייוֹ, כְּוָויוֹ; and elsewhere—participle pass. כָּווּיburn-marked, flame-spotted. Vayikra Rabbah section 15 … חמורה ונכוית ויצא בנה כ׳ a she-ass was sick and was cauterized, and her child was born with a flame-mark; (Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 מרושם). Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְוָהsame. Nega'im 7, 4 וה׳ את המחיה if one cauterized the cicatrizing spot. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּייָּהsame. Bamidbar Rabbah the passage cited הוליכה … וכי׳ אותה he took her to the veterinary surgeon, and he cauterized her. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְוֶהto be burnt; to be cauterized. Bava Bathra 75ᵃ כל אחד וא׳ נִכְוָה חופתו מחופת וכ׳ Munich manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) each man’s tent will be stained by fire from his neighbor’s tent. Vayikra Rabbah the passage cited נִכְוֵית, see above. Bamidbar Rabbah the passage cited ממה שנִכְוֵת אמו because his mother had been cauterized. Shabbath 30ᵇ; Pesachim 117ᵃ תִּכָּוֶינָה (his lips) be burnt. Tosefta Chagigah 2, 6 היטה לכאן וניכ׳ בארו … ונכווה בשלג if he deviates this way, he will be burnt by the fire, if that way, he will be frost-bitten; (Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 28 לוקה בצינה). Tosefta Chullin 3, 6 יכולה לִיכָּווֹת וכ׳ she may be cauterized and recover.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 3, 6ᵇ top והיא נכוית and it (the hand) is scalded (see סָלַד). Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵇ bottom of the page כמדומה … שאתם נִיכְוִין בפושרין וכ׳ I thought you would be scalded with tepid water (understand a slight hint), but you do not feel even hot water (distinct intimation); Babylonian Berachoth 16ᵇ.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 3, 50ᵈ [read:] רישיה דרישך יִכָּוֶה בפושרין ואתה לא תִיכָּוֶה אפי׳ ברותחין thy head’s head (thy teacher’s teacher) feels tepid water, but thou etc., i.e. you must not claim superiority to your predecessors (compare Shabbath 55ᵃ); and frequently ↗ original
כְּוִי Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, 61ᶜ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 5, 56ᶜ top, and elsewhere (כָּוְיָה) כַּוְיָא, see גּוּמְרָאIthpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְכַּוִּיto be burnt. Targum Proverbs 6, 28 מִתְכַּוְיָן manuscript (edition כְּוִין …, correct accordingly). ↗ original
כּוֹיKoy, (probably) a kind of bearded dear or antelope (τραγέλαφος). [The rabbis leave it undecided whether K. belongs to the genus of cattle (בְּהֵמָה) or beasts of chase (חַיָּה).] Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 2, end, 65ᵇ, see עִיזָּה. Chullin 80ᵃ (various opinions). Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6 (5), 1. Tosefta Bechoroth 2, 9; and frequently ↗ original
כּוּךְ (= כוכו, see כַּוָּוא) cavity, cave, especially sepulchral chamber. [Taanith 25ᵇ כ׳ המחרישה R. Gersh. (Munich manuscript כון, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note, edition בֶּרֶךְ) the cavity made by the plough.]—Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 3, beginning 13ᵈ חמוכר … בכ׳ חזקה לכל הכ׳ if one sells a burial place (קבר) to his neighbor, as soon as the latter has buried one dead in the chamber, he has the possession of the entire chamber; and elsewhere—plural כּוּכִין. the same place (ibid.) קבר … בג׳ כ׳ וכ׳ when he buried three dead in three different chambers etc. Tosefta Oholoth 17, 11 [read:] … שדה … בתוכה היא כשדה כ׳ ואיזו היא שדה כ׳ כל חכ׳ לצדדין a field in which a grave (known to have been there) has disappeared, is like a field of sepulchral chambers. And what is a field etc.? Where you dig out (a square) in the ground, and make chambers in the walls. Bava Bathra 6, 8; and elsewhere ↗ original
כּוּךְ ²same. Targum Job 30, 2; the same place (ibid.) 5, 26 (Hebrew text כלח).). an improvised subterranean dwelling. Taanith 22ᵃ ככ׳ דציידי Rashi (edition ככוּכֵי, plural, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word ככי: לא נצרכה אלא לבי כ׳ דאגמא) like the hunters’ cave. Gittin 68ᵃ bottom of the page מטא גבי כ׳ דההיא וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כובא, correct accordingly) he came to the hut of a certain widow. [Berachoth 37ᵇ כ׳ דארעא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see כּוּבָּא 3.] ↗ original
כּוֹכָב (Biblical Hebrew; = כבכב, see כבב) [rounded, globe,] star, planet. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᵇ כ׳ אחד ודאי יום as long as one star only is visible, it is surely day-time. Horayoth 10ᵃ כ׳ אחד יש ועולה וכ׳ Munich manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) there is a certain star (comet) which appears once in seventy years. Bereshith Rabbah section 100 עשרה כוכבים בקשו לאבד כ׳ אחד ten stars (sons of Jacob) desired to destroy one star (Joseph); and frequently—plural כּוֹכָבִים, כֹּכָ׳. the same place (ibid.)—Berachoth 10ᵃ כ׳ ומזלות stars and planets; and frequently—עובד כ׳, עובד כ׳ ומזלות (abbr. עו"כ, עכו"ם), עבודת כ׳, see עָבַד, עֲבוֹדָה. Sukkah 22ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, beginning 22ᵈ כּוֹכְבֵי חמה scintillations of the sun as seen through the covering of the festive booth. Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1053 כ׳ חנגה, see next word↗ original
כּוֹכָב ² Targum Amos 5, 26.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 55ᵇ bottom of the page; and frequently—Esp. the planet Mercury. Shabbath 156ᵃ האי מאן דבכ׳ he who was born under Mercury.—כ׳ נוגה, כ׳ נוגהאVenus. Targum 2 Esther 2, 7 (see אִיסְתִּירָא); Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1053 (hebr.), see אִסְתְּהַר.—Shabbath the passage cited; and elsewhere—כ׳ רשביט comet. Berachoth 58ᵇ.—plural כּוֹכְבַיָּא, כּוֹכְבֵי, כֹּכְ׳. Targum Genesis 1, 16; and frequently—Sanhedrin 39ᵃ מצינא למימני כ׳ I can count the stars. the same place (ibid.) מני לי כ׳ the number of the stars is known to me. Avodah Zarah 29ᵃ דתלי לה בי כ׳ which he suspended under the stars (in open air over night); and frequently—[Bava Metzia 86ᵃ כֹּכְבִין דנרדא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) balls of nardus, edition כִּכְּרִין.] ↗ original
כּוֹכְבִיתָאa little globe, see כּוּבִּיתָא. ↗ original
כּוֹכֶבֶת (the preceding words) the planet Venus, morning star, evening star. Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 276 (referring to Jeremiah 7, 18) שהיו עובדים למלכת השמים זו היא חכ׳ (not מלאכת) they worshipped the queen of the heavens, that is Venus; Pesikta Rabbati section 31 הכוכבים (correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) היו בנו ירושלם עובדים לכ׳ וכ׳ (not לכוכבים) the Jerusalemites worshipped Venus openly etc. the same place (ibid.) שכשתעלה הב׳ (not הכוכבים), see כַּוָּוי. ↗ original
כּוֹכַבְתָּא Targum Jeremiah 7, 18, and elsewhere כּוֹכְבַת שמיא, see the preceding—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᵇ ובלחוד … בר מן הדא כ׳ provided three stars are seen besides the evening star.—the same place (ibid.)ᶜ מאן דאמר כ׳ וכ׳ he who says ăyalta d’shaḥra is the morning star, is mistaken; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, beginning 40ᵇ; Bereshith Rabbah section 50 כ׳ דצפרא. ↗ original
כּוֹכְלִיאָר (cochlear) [a kind of spoon pointed on one end for drawing snails out of their shells,] a pin of the shape of a cochlear. Shabbath 6, 3 כוכלייר Yerushalmi (prefix) edition, Oxford manuscript כוכליאר (Mishnah a. Babylonian edition 62ᵃ כוליאר, Munich manuscript in the same place (ibid.) כובליאר, correct accordingly, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) notes 20 a. 70); explained the same place (ibid.) 62ᵃ מַכְבַּנְתָּא. 5. next word↗ original
כּוֹכְלִיאָס (κοχλίας, cochlea) any thing spiral, a spiral stair-case, screw etc. (see Gr. a. Lat. Dictionary under the word). Tosefta Sukkah 4, 16 מקיפין ועומדין כקבולין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בכולייס, ככולייר, read בכוכלייס) stood around in a spiral figure; Tosefta Yoma 1, 10 בקבילין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בכלאים, ככוליור); Yoma 25ᵃ כמין בכוליאר (Munich manuscript כולייר, O. a. L. ככולייר, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 7, beginning 50ᶜ כמין כובלין היו עשויין (correct accordingly) the boxes in the Temple for contributions were put up so as to form a spiral figure; (Babylonian edition קובליים, בוכלייאר, כובליי׳, correct accordingly). ↗ original
כּוּל (Biblical Hebrew) [to enclose,] to measure. Terumoth 10, 8 וכָל גרב manuscript (edition כל), see גָּרָב I.— Pilp. כִּלְכֵּל which see ↗ original
כּוּל ² Perf. כָּל; participle כָּאֵיל, כָּיֵיל. Targum Onkelos Exodus 16, 18 (Yerushalmi (prefix) אָכִילוּAf.). Targum Ruth. 3, 15. Targum Isaiah 27, 8.—Menachoth 53ᵇ כי קא כייל וכ׳ when he measures, he measures by etc. Avodah Zarah 71ᵇ אק כ׳ ודמי וכ׳ he measures and pours (the wine) into etc. Nedarim 51ᵃ, see אֲכַל 2.—Chullin 12ᵃ, and elsewhere לכי תֵיכוּל עלה כורא דמילחא (I will tell you,) if you will measure out for it a kor of salt (a jesting remark). Kiddushin 79ᵇ כולי עלמא כַּיְילֵי ליה וכ׳ to all the world (wisdom) has been measured in a small kab, and to this scholar in a large kab, i.e. he wants to be wiser than all the world. Af'el הִפְעִיל אָכִילsame. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 16, 18, see above. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 38, 26 מָכִיל (not מְ׳). Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּיֵּיל (denominative of כְּלָלָא) to generalize; lay down a rule. Kethuboth 60ᵃ, see כְּלָלָא. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכִּיל, אִתְכַּלto be measured. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis the passage cited Targum Isaiah 40, 12; and elsewhere ↗ original
כּוֹלall, every one; any. Constr. כָּל (frequ. used absolutely). Targum Onkelos Genesis 16, 12, and the following Targum Exodus 20, 9. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 32, 49 לא כל היאך not at all as (thou sayest); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 8, 45ᵇ bottom of the page לא כולא מן הדין וכ׳ all does not depend upon this man (it is not at all within his power) to say to the king, Thou art no king, i.e. his saying that the Day of Atonement has no atoning power, cannot affect its power; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 2, 33ᵇ bottom of the page—Sanhedrin 46ᵇ, and frequently (לאו) לא כל כמיניה all is not as if dependent on him, i.e. he has no power to etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 79, beginning (explained בכלח, Job 5, 26) תבא בכולא אלי וכ׳ (some edition בכוֹלָּה) thou shalt enter the grave in fulness, full, wanting nothing.—כָּל דְּכֵן = Hebrew כָּל שֶׁכֵּן, see כֹּל. Targum Job 4, 19; and frequently—Niddah 51ᵃ; and frequently—כָּל עלמא, see below.—With suffix כּוּלָךְ, כּוּלֵיה etc. (Buxt. כֻּלָּךְ etc.) all of thee, of him etc., entire. Targum Genesis 25, 25; and frequently—Yoma 14ᵇ כוליה יומא the entire day; the same place (ibid.) 19ᵃ (not כולי). the same place (ibid.) 26ᵃ כּוּלְהוּ מצפרא אתו (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 10) all of them come in (for their share) by the lots cast in the morning; and frequently—plural construct state כּוּלֵיall of. Targum Esther 6, 1 כ׳ ליליא (edition Lagarde edition כוליה). Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 10, 12 כ׳ עלמא (edition Lagarde edition כוליה).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᵇ כ׳ עלמא ידעין edition Lehm. (edition כל) all the world, all people know (abbr. כ"ע); Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᶜ bottom of the page כל עמא; see עָלְמָא. Kiddushin 79ᵇ, see כּוּל Chaldaic (Aramaic)—כ׳ האי all of that, to that extent. Eruvin 61ᵃ. Bava Metzia 84ᵇ כ׳ ה׳ ודאי וכ׳ after it has come to all this (it being so well known), it is surely not proper. Avodah Zarah 24ᵃ; and very frequently—Chagigah 4ᵇ כ׳ ה׳ ואולי all this (is required of us) and yet only ‘perhaps’ (Zephaniah, Book of 2, 3)! Taanith 25ᵃ כ׳ ה׳ ואפשר all this (trouble) and ‘only perhaps’!— capacity, power (compare יכל). Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 20ᵈ bottom of the page לא כָּלָּן מסתור וכ׳ our (my) strength consists not in tearing down but etc. ↗ original
כּוּלָב (see כָּלַב; compare פֶּה, στόμα for edge) a sharp instrument, axe. Targum I Samuel 13, 20 (some edition כלוב׳, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כולכא; Hebrew text קרדם).—Bereshith Rabbah section 38 אייטו לי כולב Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition אייתי לי קולב), see יְטִי.—Vayikra Rabbah section 4 הן די … זיינא כּוּלְבֵיה וכ׳ (not זייניה כולבא) where the owner of arms (warrior) hangs up his battle axe, the shepherd hangs up his bag, i.e. in the place of justice sits wickedness; Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 16 קולביה; (Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 969 באתרא … זייניה where the lord hangs up his armor). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 1, 51ᵇ כולבה a. כולבא; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 1, 36ᵈ top כולכה, see קַנְתָּא.—plural כּוּלְבַיָּיא. Targum I Samuel 13, 21. Targum Judges 9, 48 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כולכ׳). Targum Psalms 74, 5.—5. כָּלוּב. ↗ original
כּוֹלִיקוֹס (χολικός, in the sense of μελαγχολικός) one afflicted with melancholy. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 1, 40ᵇ המקרע את כסותו כ׳ if one tears his clothes, I may say, he is melancholy (but not insane); Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 7, beginning 48ᶜ המקרע … קינוקוס (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כּוּלְּכָא , cissaros-blossom (see אַגְבִּין). Shabbath 20ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, beginning 4ᵈ, explained כַּלָּךְ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵃ top כַּלְּכָה שמו its name is kall’kha. [כולכא, כולכה, for כולבא, see כּוּלְבָא.) ↗ original
כּוֹלֵף (כלף, compare קלף, גלב) plane. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 7, 3 יד הכ׳ ובֶן כ׳ (not ובין) the handle of a large or of a small plane (some edition הכילוף וכן הכילוף, correct accordingly). ↗ original
כּוּמָז an opprobrious name for an ornament bearing the impress of the female breast or pudenda. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 5, 8ᵇ bottom of the page; Babylonian Shabbath 64ᵃ ↗ original
כּוֹמְסָה , plural כּוֹמְסוֹת, (כָּמַס) כּוֹמְסָאוֹתsheaves put at the bottom of a stack as foundation, contradistinguished to כּוֹבְעָה. Peah 5, 8; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, end, 19ᵃ, explained מן לרע (with referring to Deuteronomy 32, 34). ↗ original
כּוּמְצָא (כמץ, compare כמן) trap, pit. Targum Isaiah 24, 17, and the following; Targum Jeremiah 48, 43, and the following (Hebrew text פחת). 5. קוּמְצָא 2, compare גּוּמְצָא. ↗ original
כּוֹמֶר 1 (כָּמַר) a mass of olives or grapes shrunk from exposure to the sun or from being put in the ground, prior to being placed in the press. Bava Metzia 74ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᵇ bottom of the page ככ׳ הזה של ענבים וכ׳ like the mass of heated grapes that drips of itself; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 10 כבמרזה וכ׳ some edition (read ככֹּמֶר הזה); Yevamoth 97ᵃ; Bechoroth 31ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 2, end, 47ᵃ כֹּמֶר. ↗ original
כּוֹמֶר 2to guard, compare כֹּהֵן. In Syriac כומרא interchanges with כהנא, see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1757 under the word) attendant, priest, always used of idolaters. Kiddushin 20ᵇ נעשה כ׳ לע"ז (Arachin 30ᵇ משרת) became an attendant of an idolatrous temple. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᵈ. Pesikta Rabbati section 35 יתרו לא כ׳ וכ׳ was not Jethro an idolatrous priest?; and frequently—plural כּוּמָרִים, כּוּמָרִין. Avodah Zarah 51ᵇ בטובת כ׳ for the benefit of the idolatrous priests, opposite עובדיה worshippers; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 43ᵈ bottom of the page Eruvin 79ᵇ bottom of the page Munich manuscript (edition משרתי ע"ז). Bereshith Rabbah section 65, beginning; and frequently ↗ original
כּוּמָרָא Targum Judges 17, 5; 13 (interch. with כהין the same place (ibid.) 10; 12; Hebrew text כֹּהֵן); and elsewhere—Echah Rabbah to 1, 9 ההוא כ׳ (Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 356 ההיא אפיקורוס).—plural כּוּמָרִין, כּוּמָרַיָּא, כּוּמְ׳. Targum Judges 18, 30. Targum 2 Kings 23, 5; and frequently—Bereshith Rabbah section 26, see אֱלָהּ. Shemoth Rabbah section 9 (proverb) מחי אלהיא ויבעתון כ׳ strike the gods, and the priests will be frightened. ↗ original
כּוּמְרָא 2 (see כּוֹמֶר I) withering. Berachoth 40ᵇ בושלי כ׳ Munich manuscript a. other (edition כמרא, explained נובלות) dates ripened through withering. ↗ original
כּוּמְרָנָא = כּוּמָרָא.—plural (כּוּמַרְנַיָּא) כּוּמְרָנַיָּא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 39, 20; and elsewhere (in Yerushalmi (prefix)). ↗ original
כּוּמְתָא (כמם, see כמן; compare Arab. kummath, Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Talmud Dictionary 2, 450ᵇ) skull-cap, worn under the turban (סוּדְרָא). Eruvin 84ᵇ דילמא כשהרבים … בכ׳ וסודרא perhaps the public use of them (the low roofs) refers to people putting their cap and turban on them? the same place (ibid.) 91ᵃ bottom of the page בכ׳ וס׳ it may be possible with cap etc. (by putting them on in the house and taking them off in the court). Moed Katan 15ᵃ אכ׳ וס׳ it refers to (the mourner’s) cap and turban. Gittin 39ᵇ שקל כּוּמְתֵיה וכ׳ he took his cap and threw it at her. Shabbath 147ᵃ הב לי כּוּמְתָאִי hand me my cap. ↗ original
כּוּן (Biblical Hebrew) to stand, exist, be firm. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיוֵּוןto straighten. Sifré Deuteronomy 308 מְכַוְּונוֹ במעגילה he tries to straighten the wood in a press; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 942 (not מכינן); Psikta Zutrathi, ed. Buber Haăz. (edition Buber edition 5, p. 111) נתנו לאומן שיְכַוְּונוֹ he gave it to a mechanic to straighten it. to place in a line, direct. Makkoth 2, 5 (9ᵇ) מְכַוְּונִין להן דרך וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition ומְכוּוָּנוֹת להן דרכים, see below) we make for them direct roads from one place of refuge to the other. to determine exactly (place, time etc.). Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 5, 22ᶜ לְכַוֵּין את הרוחות how to determine exactly the four cardinal points (see רָבַע). the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page הארון היה מְכַוֵּין וכ׳ the Ark indicated for them the points of the compass. Bereshith Rabbah section 15, beginning, see כִּוּוּן. Moed Katan 10ᵃ אין יכול לכַוֵּין אימרא וכ׳ is unable to sew the fringe accurately on the bosom of the shirt. Berachoth 7ᵃ לכַוֵּין אותה שעה to seize the opportunity of just that moment; and frequently (with לב or supply (understood word) לב) to direct or prepare one’s mind, to pay attention, to do a thing with an intention. Berachoth 2, 1 אם כ׳ לבו if he (while reading in the Law) had his mind directed (to the Sh’ma); the same place (ibid.) 13ᵃ אם כ׳ לבו לקרות it means, he read with attention (to the sense, not merely like one going over the text for correction). Rosh Hashanah 28ᵇ כ׳ לבו לצאת he had the intention of complying with the law (see יָצָא); opposite (כ׳) לשמוע he directed his attention to listening, i.e. heard the sound with consciousness (but without devotion); see כַּוָּונָה. Berachoth 5, 1 היו שוהין … כדי שיְכַוְּונוּ לבם וכ׳ tarried a while before prayer, in order to direct their hearts to their Father in heaven. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 5ᵃ חזקה כִּוֵּין the presumption is that he read with attention; and frequently—participle pass. מְכוּוָּן, feminine מְכוּוָּנָה, מְכוּוֶּנֶת; plural מְכוּוָּנִים, … נִין; מְכוּוָּנוֹת a) in a line, corresponding. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 5, beginning 30ᵇ עריס המכ׳ a straight bed of vines, opposite מעוקם. the same place (ibid.) מכ׳ הן they (the vines) are in a straight line. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 8ᶜ top בית … מ׳ כנגד … של מעלן the situation of the earthly Holy of Holies corresponds with that of the heavenly etc. Makkoth 2, 5 ומכוונות להן דרכים (not … נת), see above. the same place (ibid.) 9ᵇ ומכוונות היו כמין וכ׳ (Munich manuscript ומכוונין הן) and they (the three towns on this side and those on the other side of the Jordan respectively) were in straight parallel lines like two rows in a vineyard; and frequently—b) exact, precise. Tohoroth 3, 1 and the following כביצה מ׳ exactly the quantity of an egg. Mikvaoth 7, 6; Chagigah 19ᵃ; Gittin 16ᵃ Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֵכִיןto put in proper position, to prepare; to hold ready, to designate. Betzah 2ᵇ (referring to Exodus 16, 5) חול מֵכִין לשבתוכ׳ a week day prepares for the Sabbath (that which has become ready for use on a week day may be used on the Sabbath), but a Holy Day does not prepare for the succeeding Sabbath, ואין שבת מֵכִינָה ליו"ט nor can the Sabbath prepare for a succeeding Holy Day, see הֲכָנָה.—Megillah 12ᵇ (play on ממוכן, Esther 1, 14) כלום הֵכִינוּ וכ׳ have they (the Persians) arranged a table before thee?; Esther Rabbah to the passage cited מי מֵכִין וכ׳ who arranges an altar etc.?; and frequently—[Tosefta Maasroth 1, 4 משיכינו edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), variant reading משייבינו, read: משיניצו.]—participle pass. מוּכָןprepared, designated, ready. Betzah 1, 2 עפר מ׳ מבעוד יום dust (for covering the blood) made ready a day before. the same place (ibid.) אפר כירה מ׳ הוא ashes of the stove are considered ready (destined to be used for the purpose). the same place (ibid.) 3, 4 אין זה מן המ׳ this is not among the things designated for use on the Holy Day. the same place (ibid.) 4, 6.—Megillah the passage cited (play on ממוכן, see above) שמ׳ לפורענות he was ready for evil; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכַּיֵּון, הִתְכַּוֵּון,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְכַּוֵּיןto be made straight, to be remedied (compare תכן). Psikta Zutrathi, ed. Buber the passage cited אין אתם מִתְכַּוְּונִים אלא באור you (your crookedness) can be remedied only through fire; Sifré Deuteronomy the passage cited אין אתם הולכים אלא לאור; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy the passage cited הולכין אלא לאחור (correct accordingly). to prepare one’s self. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᶜ (referring to הִכּוֹן, Amos 4, 12) הִתְכַּוֵּון לקראת וכ׳ put thyself in proper condition to meet thy God. to intend, propose. Bava Kamma 8, 1 עד שיהא מִתְכַּ יֵן unless he did it with malicious intent. Tosefta Nazir 3, 10 לא נִתְכַּוַּונְתִּי אלא כמותה my intention was to be exactly like her (as to her vow). the same place (ibid.) 14 מי שנ׳ לעלות וכ׳ if he who had the intention to eat the flesh of swine etc.; see עָלָה. Shabbath 22ᵃ ובלבד שלא יִתְכַּוֵּין וכ׳ provided he has not the intention of making a groove.—Betzah 23ᵃ, and frequently דבר שאינו מִתְכַּ׳ a forbidden act which was produced without intent, i.e. an unintended but unavoidable effect of a permitted active Rosh Hashanah 28ᵇ. Pesachim 53ᵇ, and frequently שניהם … נִתְכַּוְּונוּ both meant the same thing; and frequently Polel. כּוֹנֵןto establish, base firmly. Shemoth Rabbah section 15 מבקש לְכוֹנֵן עולמים wanted to establish worlds. the same place (ibid.) על אלו אני מְכוֹנֵן וכ׳ upon those (the patriarchs) I will establish the world.—participle passive מְכוֹנָן, feminine מְבוֹנֶנֶת. Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 16 (referring to הכינני, I Kings 2, 24) בזכות התורה המ׳ בארון (the world exists) for the sake of the Law that is put up straight in the holy Ark. ↗ original
כּוּן ² ; Pa. כַּוֵּון to direct, aim, draw a direct line. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 22, 23. Targum Numbers 34, 7, and the following (Hebrew text תאה). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 10, 5 וכוונית (Hebrew text פנה). the same place (ibid.) 19, 3 (Hebrew text תכין, see the preceding); and elsewhere to draw a parallel, compare. Targum Isaiah 46, 5 (Hebrew text תמשילני). (with דעתא, or supply (understood word) דעתא) to direct the mind, to pay attention; to do a thing intentionally. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 11, 1 מכ׳ והגיאן ביש intentionally speaking evil.—Berachoth 17ᵇ לא מצי לְכַוּוּנֵי דעתיה he cannot collect his mind (for prayer). the same place (ibid.) 30ᵇ מעיקרא לא כ׳ וכ׳ the first time he read without attention. Chullin 31ᵃ דלא קָמְכַוֵּין (or קָמִכַּוֵּיןIthpaal) when he had no intention whatever (to cut); and frequently—participle pass. מְכַוַּון a) directed towards, corresponding. Targum Ezekiel 1, 9. Targum Exodus 26, 5; and frequently—b) straight, firm, upright. Targum Job 21, 8 מְכַוְּונִין Bxt. (manuscript מְכַוְּונַן; edition מכוין, מְכַוַּון, correct accordingly; Hebrew text נכון). Targum Psalms 51, 12. the same place (ibid.) 57, 8 (edition Vilna edition מכוֵן, correct accordingly); and frequently—Yoma 28ᵇ לא מְכַוְּונֵי Munich manuscript (edition לא מ׳ טובא) the Temple walls were not exactly straight (the lower portions being thicker than the upper); [Munich manuscript 2 משום דמכווני because the walls were exactly built in correspondence with the points of the compass]. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 4, beginning 22ᵃ; 3, 21ᶜ top [read:] כד הוא חמי סהדו מכַוְּונָא … הכן והכן מְכַוֵּון when he found evidences (of two) exactly corresponding, he cross-examined; but when he found them turning hither and thither (differing in details), he tried to harmonize (allowing for errors in time etc., see חֲקִירָה). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיתְכַּוֵּון, אִיכַּ׳, , כַּוֵּין …to place one’s self, to stand. Targum Psalms 101, 7. to be precise in doing. the same place (ibid.) 90, 12 מן יִתְכַּ׳ להודע edition Lagarde edition (other edition כן, correct accordingly) who can exactly make known? (Hebrew text כן הודע). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 13, 12. to be trained, to be in the habit of. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 22, 30 (Hebrew text הסכן). to intend, mean. the same place (ibid.) 30, 5 ויתכ׳ וישתוק and keeps silence intentionally. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 19, 4; and elsewhere—Chullin 95ᵃ דאיכ׳ לצעורי׳ וכ׳ who meant to vex his neighbor. the same place (ibid.) 31ᵃ מִיכַּוֵּין לשום חתיכה had the intention merely to cut (not to slaughter according to the ritual, see זְבִיחָה). the same place (ibid.) מה כלים דלא מִיכַּוְּונֵי וכ׳ as vessels (lifeless things) which have no thought etc.; and elsewhere Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיתְכָּןto be prepared, ready (מוּכָן, see the preceding). the same place (ibid.) 14ᵃ כיון דלא א׳ וכ׳ because it was not prepared (designated for use) yesterday.—5. תכן. ↗ original
כַּוְנָא (see כַּוָּוא; compare חוֹפֶן a. כַּף) the hollow of the hand, handful (as a measure), spoonful (mostly in medicine; compare Lat. coclear). [Editions, except edition Soncino, have ב׳, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. manuscripts כ׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) common gender below.] Shabbath 110ᵇ כ׳ דכמונא וכ׳ (Munich manuscript כי׳) one handful of cumin-seed, and one of etc. Gittin 70ᵃ כ׳ דחמרא וכ׳ a spoonful of old wine.—plural כַּוְנֵי or כּוּנֵי. Eruvin 29ᵇ (edition Soncino כַּוְונֵי, see Rabbinovicz Rabbenu Shimshon ad loc. (on the passage) note). Gittin 69ᵃ edition כ׳. the same place (ibid.) 69ᵇ (edition ב׳). ↗ original
כַּוָּנָה (כּוּן, Pi'el a. Hithpa'el) intention; attention; devotion. Berachoth 13ᵃ ש"מ מצוות צריכות כ׳ shall we derive fom this (Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 2, 1 אם כיון לבו וכ׳) that religious exercises require the intention (of complying with the law, and must be repeated if performed without such intention)? Rosh Hashanah 28ᵇ, and frequently מצוות אין צריכות כ׳ the intention of compliance is not indispensable; Eruvin 95ᵇ לצאת בעי כ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) notes 90 a. 100) in order to have complied with the law, intention of compliance is required. Berachoth 13ᵇ כ׳ בלא קריאה meditating (on the Biblical passage to be recited) without audible recitation. the same place (ibid.) עד כאן צריכה כַּוָּנַת הלב up to this (sh’ma to eḥad) attention to the meaning is indispensable. Megillah 20ᵃ (referring to Deuteronomy 6, 6) אחר כ׳ הלב הן הן הדברים the value of ‘the words’ (the recitation) depends on the attention of the mind (devotion). Chullin 31ᵃ כ׳ לשחיטה the intention to slaughter according to the ritual; opposite לחתיכה; and frequently ↗ original
כַּוָּנוּתָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 35, 20 בכַוָּונוּת לבא with premeditation (Hebrew text בצדיה). Targum Psalms 7, 4. ↗ original
כּוֹנָנִית , plural כּוֹנָנִיּוֹת (כון, compare כַּוָּון) [arrangements,] chambers, applied to the entrails arranged above each other. Chullin 56ᵇ (referring to ויכננך, Deuteronomy 32, 6) שברא הקב"ה כ׳ באדם וכ׳ the Lord has created carefully arranged chambers in man, one of which being disturbed man cannot live; Sifré Deuteronomy 309 עשאך כנונים כנונים מבפנים וכ׳ (probably to be read כּוֹנָנִים); (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 942 בסיסים, see בָּסִיס; compare כֵּן 2). Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 547 כּוֹנָנִין (Vayikra Rabbah section 14 קִינִּין). ↗ original
כּוֹנֵס (כָּנַס) receiver, the lower part of the winnowing shovel. Bava Metzia 105ᵃ.—כ׳ משקה, see כָּנַס.—Bava Bathra 68ᵃ. see כִּינּוּס. ↗ original
כּוּנְתָּא (כתת, with inserted נ, compare כּוּנְשְׁרָא) [that which is pounded,] spelt. Moed Katan 13ᵇ כי … אמר כ׳ when Rab Dimi came (to Babylonia) he defined ḥelka (see חֶילְקָא 2) as kunta.—plural כּוּנְתַּיָּא, (כּוּנָּתַיָּא) כּוּנְתִּין. Targum Exodus 9, 32 כּוּנָּ׳ edition Berlin edition (edition Amsterdam edition כּוּנָ׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) כּוּנְתַּ׳, variant reading כָּנְתַּ׳, כֻּנְתַּ׳). Targum Isaiah 28, 25; Targum Ezekiel 4, 9 (edition Vilna edition כּוּנְתִין, other edition כונתּ׳). ↗ original
כּוֹס 1 common gender (Biblical Hebrew; or כנס, see Ges. Thes., a. Hebr. Dictionary10 under the word) cup, also a drink. Tamid 3, 4. Eruvin 65ᵇ בג׳ … בכיסו בכוֹסוֹ בכעסו man’s character is found out in three things, in his money bag, in his cup (when drinking) and in his anger; Derekh Erets Zutta Chaldaic (Aramaic) 5.—Kethuboth 75Kethuboth 75ᵇ, and the following, see בָּדַק. Pesachim 105ᵃ קדושה על הכ׳ sanctification (of the Sabbath or Holy Day) over a cup of wine. the same place (ibid.) אם אין לו אלא כ׳ אחד if he has only enough wine for one cup. Shabbath 14, 3 כ׳ עיקרים, see עִיקָּר; and frequently—plural כּוֹסוֹת. Kelim 22, 1; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, end, 42ᵃ, see הַנָּחָה. Menachoth 28ᵇ, see אֲלֶכְסַנְדְּרִי. Pesachim 10, 1, and frequently ארבע כ׳ four cups of wine to be drunk on the Passover night; and frequently cavity. Parah 2, 5 (two black or white hairs) בתוך כ׳ אחד in one follicle (see גוּמָּא).—plural as ab. the same place (ibid.) Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah the passage cited הן כ׳ הן גומותkosoth and gummoth mean the same things.—בֵּית הכּוֹסוֹת the second stomach of ruminants. Chullin 3, 1 (42ᵃ), see commentary or commentaries a. הַבְלִילָא. Chullin 49ᵃ; 50ᵇ עובי בית הכ׳ the folds (thick walls) of the etc.; and frequently ↗ original
*כּוֹס 2 (כסס, see כֵּיסָא) thorn.—plural כּוֹסִים. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 92ᵃ (Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 3, 50ᵈ bottom of the page קוצין), see כָּסַח. ↗ original
כּוּסְבָּר (see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 209) coriander (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Coriandrum). Kilayim 1, 2 כ׳ וכוּסְבַּר שדה וכ׳ (garden) coriander and field (wild) coriander … are not heterogeneous plants. Shevi'ith 9, 1. Demai 1, 1. Yerushalmi (prefix) edition כוס׳ (Mishnah a. Babylonian edition כֻּסְ׳); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 21ᵈ top, see next word—Tosefta Bava Bathra 5, 6 כוסברת בפלפלין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading כסבורא; correct accordingly) he who adulterates pepper by admixing coriander; Koheleth Rabbah to 6, 1 כרשנים (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כּוּסְבַּר Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 16, 31; Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 11, 7 (Hebrew text גד).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 1, 21ᵈ top כוסבר(ה) כוסברתאkusbar (of the Mishnah) is kusbarta. the same place (ibid.) (derisive play on the word) [read:] כּוּס בְּרָה כּוּס בְּרַתָּה וכ׳ ‘chew the son, chew the daughter’, who classed thee among the spices?—Avodah Zarah 10ᵇ (expressing an advice symbolically = כוס ברתא put the daughter to death, see נְכַס; see גַּרְגִּילָא). ↗ original
כוסטריינים , Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 11; קוסטרינוס Vayikra Rabbah section 35, a corruption of quaestionarius, executioner; see קוּסְטִינָר. ↗ original
כוסיא , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 22, 8, and elsewhere, see בִּסְיָא↗ original
כּוֹסֵילְתָּא (כסל, see כֶּסֶל; compare Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus under the word 1786, and the following; compare Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus under the word 1786, and the following) the space between the shoulders (interscapilium), shoulder-blade. Taanith 21ᵇ [read:] לבושא דיתיב ביה קרנא והוה בזיעא בי כ׳ (see variant reading in Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) a garment in which there was placed (fastened) a cup (for receiving the blood) which (garment) was cut in at the shoulder (so that the operator could let blood standing behind the female patient); [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) לבושא דאית ליה ביזעי ביזעי באפי כ׳ a garment in which there were several incisions to correspond to the shoulder-blade.] the lancet for blood-letting. ריבדא דכ׳ the puncture made by the lancet. Shabbath 129ᵃ עד דנפיק מר׳ דכ׳ until the puncture was healed up. Sanhedrin 93ᵇ. Makkoth 21ᵃ. Kethuboth 39ᵇ כי ר׳ דכ׳ as much pain as is caused by the puncture of the lancet. Niddah 67ᵃ הני רבדי דכ׳ the marks of the punctures etc. ↗ original
כּוּסְּמִיםspelt. Challah 1, 1. Pesachim 2, 5. the same place (ibid.) 35ᵃ כ׳ מין חטים הוא Kuss’min is a species of wheat. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 1, 57ᵇ top (referring to Isaiah 28, 25) כּוּסֶּמֶת זה הכ׳kussemeth is spelt; and frequently ↗ original
כּוּסְפָּא (כְּסַף) paring, husk; כ׳ דתמריsubstance of ground dates after the juice is pressed out. Taanith 24ᵇ אכ׳ דת׳ קיימי דקא מזדבן they stand around a mass of ground dates which is to be sold (there being a famine). Shabbath 50ᵇ כ׳ דיסמין puppy pomace flavored with jasmin (used for a lotion). ↗ original
כּוּסְפָן masculine Hebrew same (collect. noun). Avodah Zarah 38ᵇ הכ׳ של נכרים וכ׳ (Rashi: הכּוּסְפִין) pomace of dates belonging to gentiles which was boiled (brewed a second time) in a large caldron. ↗ original
כּוּף , to bend (active a. neuter verb).—participle כָּאִיף, כָּיִף, כָּיֵיף. Targum Psalms 57, 7. Targum Job 40, 17 manuscript (edition Lagarde edition כפיף; edition Vilna edition כָּפַף, variant reading כפין).—Sanhedrin 36ᵃ מֵיכַף הוה כָּיֵיף ליה לרב וכ׳ he bent (yielded preference) to R. A.; Gittin 59ᵇ מיכף הוו כָיְיפֵי ליה. Pesachim 51ᵃ אנן כַּיְיפִינָן להו we pay reverence to them. Shabbath 77ᵇ, see כְּפַף.—Chagigah 16ᵃ, see יִצְרָא. Sanhedrin 107ᵃ; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 765 אי … למִיכְפְּיֵיה … הוה כַיְיפִינָא ליה if I had desired to bend my passion, I should have succeeded. Bava Bathra 4ᵃ דכייף ליה וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition אכפי, מיכפי) he bends the pegs of the wall inside, … outside, see חָזִית. ↗ original
כּוּף 2 (כְּפַף) cover, basket. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 7, beginning 24ᵇ למיכבש עלוי כ׳ to press a cover over it. ↗ original
כּוּפָּח (כָּפַח) [a pouched receptacle,] a small stove, brazier. Shabbath 3, 2. the same place (ibid.) 38ᵇ כ׳ מקום שפיתת וכ׳ a kuppaḥ is a stove which has room only for one pot. Menachoth 5, 9 מאפה כ׳ what is baked in a brazier. Kelim 5, 2 הכ׳ עשאו לאפייה … לבישול a k. made for baking, … for cooking. ↗ original
כּוּפְיָאKufia, name of afish, supposed to be identical with colias, see אִסְפָּנִי. Pesachim 39ᵃ מרירתא דכ׳ the gall of etc. ↗ original
כּוֹפֶר (Biblical Hebrew) cyprus flower (see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 212). Shevi'ith 7, 6 והכו׳ Munich manuscript (edition והכפ׳); Niddah 8ᵃ.—Chaldaic (Aramaic) כְּפוֹרָא. ↗ original
כּוֹפֶר 2indemnity, fine; [atonement.] Bava Kamma 4, 5 משלם כ׳ must pay indemnity for a life lost. the same place (ibid.) 40ᵃ חצי כ׳ half the assessed fine. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ שלם אמר רחמנא וכ׳ the law (Exodus 21, 30) speaks of a full indemnity (as an atonement) etc., see next word; and frequently—Treatise Sof’rim 21, 4 לשם כ׳ as an obligatory ransom, opposite לשם נדבה.—plural כּוֹפְרִין. Bava Kamma the passage cited חייבי כ׳ מאי how is it about seizing the property of those bound to pay indemnities?; and frequently ↗ original
כּוּפְרָא 1 Bava Kamma 40ᵃ כ׳ כפרה the fine is intended for an atonement (like a sacrifice); כ׳ ממונא it is an indemnification; and frequently ↗ original
כּוּפְרָא 2pitch. Targum Onkelos Genesis 6, 14.—Arachin 19ᵃ באתרא דתקלי כ׳ where they sell pitch by the weight. Gittin 69ᵇ משחא דכ׳ oil of pitch (tar). Shabbath 74ᵇ האי מאן דארתח כ׳ he who heats pitch (on the Sabbath). Bava Metzia 23ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 70ᵃ top בני כ׳sailors (‘tars’).—plural כּוּפְרֵי. Shabbath 67ᵃ ז׳ כ׳ מז׳ ארכי seven kinds of pitch taken from seven ships. [Bava Kamma 101ᵃ top of the page see כַּפְרָא.] ↗ original
כּוּפְרָא 3 (כפר) the inflorescence of palms, a spike covered with numerous flowers, and enveloped by one or more sheathing bracts called spathes (see Cyclop. Brit. under the word Palm, a. Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 118); the date-berry in its early stage. Pesachim 56ᵃ מנהי כ׳ דיכרא וכ׳ (for fertilization) they put the male flower (scatter the pollen) over the female tree. Bava Kamma 59ᵇ האי מאן דקץ כ׳ וכ׳ if one cuts a date flower what damages has he to pay?—Sukkah 32ᵃ ואימא כ׳ perhaps (Leviticus 23, 40) the spike is meant?—Berachoth 36ᵇ בכ׳ in the early stage of the berry.—plural כּוּפְרֵי. Pesachim 52ᵇ (Munich manuscript singular), see כָּפְנִי.—Kethuboth 10ᵃ אסבוהו כ׳, see סְבָא. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, 34ᵃ bottom of the page כופריא, see next word] ↗ original
כּוּפְרָאָה —plural כּוּפְרָאֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, 34ᵃ bottom of the page בצליא כ׳ Rabbenu Shimshon to the same place (ibid.) 2, 9 (edition כופריא, correct accordingly) wild onions, see כּוּפְרִי. ↗ original
כּוּפְרָהKufra. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, 48ᵈ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵃ כַּפְרָה.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᵃ bottom of the page כִּיפְרָא (near Tiberias); and elsewhere ↗ original
כּוּפְרִי 1 (denominative of כְּפָר) belonging to the village, wild.—כלב כ׳ village dog, ferocious dog. Tosefta Kilayim 5, 8 כלב כ׳ וכ׳ a Kuf’ri dog is a species of wild beasts (not a domestic animal). Kilayim 1, 6 כלב הכ׳ והשועל וכ׳ the wild dog and the jackal … are heterogeneous (כלאים). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 27ᵃ bottom of the page (not כופרין). Echah Rabbah to 1, 4; and elsewhere—בצל כ׳ wild onion, opposite to ב׳ בני המדינה townsmen’s (garden) onion. Nedarim 26ᵇ; 66ᵃ הכ׳ יפה וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הכּוּפְרִים יפין) the wild onion is good for the heart (stomach); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 1 הכופרין יפה (correct accordingly), opposite בני בצלים (variant reading שאר) small onions.—plural כּוּפְרִיִּים, כּוּפְרִים, כּוּפְרִין. Terumoth 2, 5, see פוליטיקין. Tosefta Bava Kamma 8, 17. Tosefta Avodah Zarah 2, 3. Tosefta Nedarim the passage cited; Nedarim the passage cited, see above; and elsewhere ↗ original
כּוּפְשָׁנָא , plural כּוּפְשָׁנֵי (see the preceding) a species of tamed doves (kept in coops). Chullin 62ᵇ צוצייני כ׳ edition K. of Zeizûn(?); Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כּוּבְשָׁנֵי דצ׳ (see כְּבַשׁ). ↗ original
כּוֹפֶת common gender (כָּפָה, compare מטה כפויה under the word כָּפָה) [an inverted vessel,] a low seat, a block with a concave top to sit upon; bolster, stool. Kelim 22, 9. Tosefta Shabbath 13 (14), 17 וכ׳ חקוק בין כ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) כרפ׳, variant reading כיפ׳, correct accordingly) a block whether caved out etc. Kelim 20, 5 כ׳ שקבעו וכ׳ if one put a stool in the rubble of a wall (see נִדְבָּךְ; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 11, 6 כסא … בבנין). Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 2, 1 [read:] כ׳ חלקה שאין בה וכ׳ (see Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 22, 9; edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) כיפת חלק) a plain (not shaped) block which has not the height of etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 7, 28ᵈ bottom of the page בצק שעשאו כ׳ a mass of hardened dough which one made into a seating block. Oholoth 11, 3 וכ׳ עבה a thick carpet-cover of a seating block (compare Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 11, 10). Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 7, 24ᵇ bottom of the page כ׳ שהדריגוה a seating block into which steps were cut. Tosefta Oholoth 12, 2 שתי … וכ׳ ע"ג האבן Rabbenu Shimshon to the same place (ibid.) 11, 3 (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) a. other וכי׳) two stones above one another and a seating block on top etc.; and elsewhere—plural כּוֹפְתִין. the same place (ibid.) in Rabbenu Shimshon to Ohol the passage cited (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) a. other כָּפִיתִין). ↗ original
כּוּפְתָּא 1same. Shabbath 77ᵇ (phon. etymol.) כ׳ כׄוףׄ ותׄיב invert and sit on it. invert and sit on it. prisoner’s stocks. Targum Jeremiah 20, 2 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Hebrew text מהפכת), see כֵּיפְתָא. [Bava Bathra 73ᵇ, see כַּפּוּתָא.] ↗ original
כּוּפְתָּא 2 = Hebrew כְּפִיפָה, basket. Gittin 32ᵃ קניא בכ׳ the reed in the basket. ↗ original
כּוּפְתָּא 3 (כְּפַת) being tied on the altar (= Hebrew עֲקֵדָה). Targum Job. 3, 18 (19). ↗ original
כְּוֵץ (compare קָוַץ, גָּוַע) to curl, shrink. Shabbath 20ᵇ צמר מִכְוַוץ כָּוֵויץ wool (if used as a wick) curls. Niddah 3ᵃ מוך … מכוץ כויץ the lint … shrinks (and leaves room for the blood to pass). Sukkah 23ᵇ כיון דמייתא כַּוְוצָא when the animal is dead, the body shrinks. Chullin 43ᵇ כל שחותכו וכויץ that portion of the gullet which shrinks when you cut it. the same place (ibid.) 46ᵇ, see below. Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּוֵּוץto cause to shrink. Shabbath 19ᵃ וכַוְּוצֵיה for he made it shrink (by using too hot water). Chullin 46ᵇ; 47ᵇ [read:] בחמימי לא דמְכַוְּוצֵי not in boiling water, for it causes the lungs to shrink (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) בקרירי לא דכווצא not in cold water, for it will contract, see טְרַשׁ I). ↗ original
כּוֹר , see כָּרָה) [a heap,] Khor, a measure of capacity, בֵּית כ׳ (or כ׳, supply (understood word) בית) an area requiring a Khor of seed. Bava Metzia 105ᵇ כ׳ זרע a field requiring a Khor of seed; כ׳ תבואה a field yielding a Khor of grain. the same place (ibid.) ד׳ סאין לכ׳ four S’ah of seed for a Beth Khor of land, see נְפִילָה. Bava Bathra 7, 1; 2 בית כ׳. the same place (ibid.) 104ᵃ נותן … לכל כ׳ וכ׳ we allow a surplus or deficit of seven Kab and a half for each Beth Khor; and frequently—Dualכּוֹרַיִים, כּוֹרַיִם. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ—Oholoth 8, 3; Kelim 15, 1 ארבעים סאה בלח שהן כ׳ ביבש forty S’ah in liquid measure which is equal to two Khor in dry measure. ↗ original
כּוֹר ² Targum Leviticus 27, 16 (Hebrew text חֹמֶר); and frequently—Bava Metzia 105ᵃ, see אַלְלָא.—plural כּוֹרִין, כּוֹרֵי. [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 8, 10 כורין Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) heaps; edition כַּרְוַון, see כַּרְיָא.]—Targum I Kings 5, 25; and frequently—Bava Metzia the passage cited—Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 10ᶜ bottom of the page Shabbath 35ᵃ, see חַלְתָּא; and frequently—[Chullin 62ᵇ בי כודי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), variant reading כירי, between heaps (edition כַּרְבֵּי).]—5. כּוֹרִיתָא. ↗ original
כּוּר 1 מִלְּתָא דְּכ׳ Fort of Khur, a northern Palestinean border-town. Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 11 variant reading (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) מומתא דבור); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 36ᶜ מילתא דביר; Sifré Deuteronomy 51 (במותה דביריין) כמותה דכריין; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 874 במתא דביריין; Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 34, 9 כִּירַיָּיא דבית סכל (see כּוּרַיי). 5. Hildesh. Sachs, Beitrage p. 20, and the following ↗ original
כּוּר 2smelting pot, smelting furnace. Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 6, 16. Kelim 8, 9 כ׳ … של עושה זכיכית (variant reading בור) the glassmaker’s pot. Shabbath 8, 4 כ׳ של צורפי זהב the gold refiners’ pot. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 114 כאדם … מתוך הכ׳ וכ׳ like a man that takes gold out of the smelting pot without tongs etc. Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 48 כ׳ של אש a burning furnace; and elsewhere ↗ original
כּוּרָא 1 Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 4, 20 (Yerushalmi (prefix) גִּיר); and elsewhere ↗ original
*כּוּרָא 2 (see the preceding) (supposed to be a disguise for) female pudenda. Shabbath 140ᵇ; see, however, בִּזְרָא. ↗ original
כּוֹרַבְלִין (χοραύλης) flute-players accompanying the chorus of dancers. Bereshith Rabbah section 23; section 50 (variously corrupted), see אִדְרַבְלָא. ↗ original
כּוּרַיי כ׳ רכתא Great Khuray, a northern Palestinean border town. Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 11 variant reading (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) note כּוּרְיָן, see כּוּר I); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 36ᶜ בֵּירַיי. (5. Hildesh. Sachs, Beitrage p. 21). ↗ original
כורים , Kelim 12, 8 some edition, see כִּירִים ↗ original
כּוֹרִיתָא (see כּוֹר) a Khor-ful. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 כ׳ (העיר) דדינרין (some edition כּוֹרְיָיתָאplural) a Khor-ful (Khor-fuls) of Denars. ↗ original
כּוּרְכָּא = כְּרַכָּאfort. Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 8 כו׳ דבית חרב Fort Beth Ḥereb, in the district of Nivay; Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 22ᵈ top כרכה דבר הזרג. ↗ original
כּוּרְכְּיָא (onomatopoetic; compare אַקְרוֹקְתָּא) crane. Targum Jeremiah 8, 7 (Hebrew text סוס).—Kiddushin 44ᵃ צווה ר"ל כי כ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כְּרוּכְיָא) Resh Lakish cried like a crane. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 22ᶜ top כהדא כ׳, see סִידְקִי.] ↗ original
כּוּרְכְּמָא Targum Proverbs 7, 17 Levita (edition כורק׳, Hebrew text אהלים).—Shabbath 110ᵃ כ׳ רישקא garden crocus (Rashi; see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 216). ↗ original
כּוֹרֵםvintager, gardener.—plural כּוֹרְמִים. Tanchuma Bo 4; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 182 המה … כּוֹרְמֵיהֶן they (the Egyptians) planned that they (the Israelites) should be their gardeners. ↗ original
כּוּרְמֵיזָא (כמז with inserted ר; compare Hebrew קֹמֶץ) fist. Targum Onkelos Exodus 21, 18. Targum Isaiah 58, 4.—Midrash Proverbs to 22, 6 (proverb) לחכימא ברמיזא ולשטיא בכ׳ to the wise man a hint, to the fool a fist. ↗ original
כּוּרְסַיָּא (used as singular), construct state כּוּרְסֵי, כָּרְסֵא (כרס; compare כַּר) divan, upholstered chair, throne. Daniel 5, 20; 7, 9.—Targum I Kings 10, 19. Targum Exodus 17, 16; and frequently—Chullin 59ᵇ [read:] נפל מִכּוּרְסַיֵּיה וכ׳ he fell from his throne to the ground. Yevamoth 118ᵇ; Kethuboth 75ᵃ דשומשנא גברא כּוּרְסְיָהּ … רמי לה if her husband be (as small as) an ant, put up her seat among the women of nobility, i.e. a woman feels elevated by marriage. Yevamoth 83ᵇ אותבוה אבי כורסי׳ they put him on an operator’s chair. the same place (ibid.) 110ᵃ אותבוה אבי כ׳ ואהדרוה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition omit ואהדרוה) they put her on a bridal chair (see אַפִּרְיוֹן) and carried her around in procession. Vayikra Rabbah section 27 תחות כ׳ דאמהון under their mothers’ chair (of delivery); Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 2; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 165; Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1055 (only תחות כורסי). Gittin 35ᵃ הפכוה לכוּרְסְיֵה (fem.) turn his judicial chair over; הפכוה לכ׳ ותרצוה (Rashi: הפכו) they turned his chair over and set it up again; and frequently—plural כּוּרְסָוָון, כָּרְסָוָן, כּוּרְסְוָתָא. Daniel 7, 9 (cited Chagigah 14ᵃ; Sanhedrin 38ᵇ). Targum Psalms 122, 5.—Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 9 אית דאייתי כ׳ some brought divans (for the banquet). the same place (ibid.) to 1, 8 (in Hebr. Dictionary) יעשו כ׳ לרבים (supply (understood word) בתי) let them be made into privies for the public. ↗ original
כּוּשׁ 1 (compare כּוֹס, כִּיס) [something hollow,] reed, especially reed used as spindle (see Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word); also as fork. Yoma 82ᵃ תוחבין לה כ׳ ברוטב we put for her a reed into the juice (and let her suck it); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) V (4), 4 (correct accordingly). Shabbath 123ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 17, 16ᵇ top, see כַּרְכָּר. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 3, 20ᵈ bottom of the page לתחוב בכ׳ ובקיסם to stick it on a reed or a chip. Kelim 9, 8 מלא כ׳ the size of a reed. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 6, 12 בכ׳ בכ׳ הבינוני wherever the size of a reed (or spindle) is mentioned, a middle-sized reed is meant. Kelim 9, 7 כ׳ שבלע את הצנורא a reed in which the iron hook has disappeared. Parah 12, 8; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 12 (11), 16, see אָרְבָּן; and frequently—plural כּוּשִׁין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 12, 12ᵈ bottom of the page (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) diction, in a disguised answer to a ritual question propounded to R. Akiba by a pretended street vendor) אית לך כ׳ אית לך כשר hast thou spindles? hast thou ‘Kasher’? (play on כִּישׁוֹר, see כּוּנְשְׁרָא; intimating ‘It is legal’). ↗ original
כּוּשׁ 2 (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun Cush, son of Ham. Targum Genesis 10, 6; and elsewhere—2) the land of Cush, Aethiopia. Targum 2 Kings 19, 9. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 12, 1; and elsewhere—Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 168. Pesachim 94ᵃ; Taanith 10ᵃ מצרים … בכ׳ Egypt is one sixtieth as large as Aethiopia. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᶜ bottom of the page תמצית כ׳ וכ׳ the juice (moisture) of Aeth. is absorbed by Egypt; and elsewhere ↗ original
כּוּשִׁיCushite, negro; Aethiopian. Bereshith Rabbah section 60, beginning; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 8 (not כותי), see בַּרְבָּרִי. Bereshith Rabbah section 73, end; and frequently [Bava Kamma 113ᵇ, and elsewhere in later edition כושי for גּוֹי or נָכְרִי.]—Sukkah 3, 6 אתרוג הכ׳, explained the same place (ibid.) 36ᵃ דומה לכ׳ a Palestinean Ethrog resembling an Aethiopian one; (other opinion) a real importation from Aethiopia. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 53ᵈ אתרוג הכ׳ פסול the Aeth. Ethrog is ritually unfit; הבא מן הכ׳ כשר one of Palestinean growth descended from an Aethiopian Ethrog is available for ritualistic use.—Transferred abnormally dark-complexioned. Bechoroth 7, 6. Berachoth 58ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 7 (6), 3; and elsewhere—עֵין כּוּשִׁי proper noun of a place En Kushi. Avodah Zarah 31ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, 44ᵈ ע׳ כושי׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 5, 36ᵃ top ע׳ כּוּשִׁין. ↗ original
כּוּשָׁיָיא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 12, 1. plural כּוּשָׁאֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers the passage cited—Sukkah 53ᵃ.—Fem. כּוּשְׁיָיתָא, כּוּשַׁיְיתָא. Targum 1, 2, Numbers the passage cited ↗ original
כּוֹשְׁפָן (כָּשַׁף) a believer in sorcery or omens. Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 3, end, 59ᵃ ↗ original
כּוֹשֶׁר (כָּשֵׁר) fitness, legitimacy, beingכָּשֵׁר. Pesachim 83ᵃ היתה לו שעת הכ׳ was at one time fit for use. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 8, 9ᵈ top כל … החמה בכ׳ וכ׳ whom the light of the sun has never seen in a condition of sexual fitness, see סָרִיס. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 3, 62ᵃ top חזקת בני מעיים לכ׳ the presumption in the case of entrails is in favor of their being כָּשֵׁר, see חֲזָקָה; Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 46ᵃ top (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 5, 55ᵇ bottom of the page (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) עבדין בכ׳ behaving with propriety (during worship), opposite בפחז irreverently; and frequently ↗ original
כּוּשְׁרָא 1 (כְּשַׁר) attachment. Bava Metzia 93ᵇ כ׳ דח׳ the attachment which one has for one’s animal. ↗ original
כְּוָת , construct state כְּוַת, כְּוַות (see יַת) [likeness,] like, in agreement with. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 44, 18. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 12, 7; and elsewhere—With pronoun suffix: כְּוָתִי, כְּוָתָךְ, כְּוָתִיךְ, כְּוָתֵיה etc. like me etc. Targum Psalms 113, 5. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 15, 11; and very frequently—With prefix דִּ, see דִּכְוָת־.—Berachoth 36ᵃ, and frequently הלכתא כותיה ד־ the practice is in agreement with the opinion of—(see הֲלָכָה). the same place (ibid.) קיימי כותיה agree with him. the same place (ibid.) כותך מסתברא reason agrees with thee. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ כותיה דרב כהנא וכ׳ reason is in favor of R. Kahana’s opinion. Bava Bathra 65ᵃ הילכתא כְּוָותִין או … כְּוָתַיְיכוּ must the rule be adopted agreeably to our opinion or to yours? (Munich manuscript כְּוָתֵיךְ … כְּוָתִין); the same place (ibid.) 142ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᵃ top עבד עובדא כוותיה acted in accordance with his own opinion; and frequently ↗ original
כּוּתCuth, Cuthah, a Babylonian town whence Assyrian colonists were introduced into Samaria (see Schrader KAT2, p. 278). Targum 2 Kings 17, 24; 30. [Targum Isaiah 34, 9 דכות some edition (edition Lagarde edition דרומי; missing in edition Vilna edition)—an inserted gloss, see Lagarde edition Prophetae 1, p. 3033.]—see כּוּתִי. ↗ original
כּוֹתֵב (כְּתַב) writing, writer, see כָּתַב. the pointed end of the writing instrument (stilus), contradistinguished to מוחק the flat end for erasing. Kelim 13, 2; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 3, 4; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 8, 11ᵇ bottom of the page ↗ original
כּוֹתְבָן (see the preceding) writer, calligrapher.—plural כּוֹתְבָנִים. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᵈ bottom of the page כ׳ אומנים professional writers of Biblical books. ↗ original
כּוֹתֶבֶת (compare קִשְׁבָּא) date of a certain species, kothebeth, used as a measure of size כַּכֹּ׳ (compare זַיִת). Yoma 8, 2. Betzah 1, 1 חמץ בְּכַכֹּ׳ the standard for leavened bread (on Passover, as for being guilty of a transgression) is the size of a kothebeth (less than an olive); and frequently—plural כּוֹתָבוֹת. Sukkah 2, 5 (26ᵇ) שתי כ׳ Munich manuscript (edition שני) two dates. ↗ original
כּוּתָּח (Pers. kataḫ, see Perl. Et. St. p. 85, note; Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Talmud Dictionary 2, p. 459ᵇ) a preserve consisting of sour milk, bread-crusts and salt. Pesachim 3, 1 כ׳ הבבלי the Babylonian k., described the same place (ibid.) 42ᵃ, see אוּמָא a. נַסְיוּבֵי. ↗ original
כּוּתַּח Kethuboth 60ᵇ; Eruvin 62ᵇ אפי׳ ביעתא בכ׳ וכ׳ even as plain a case as the question about an egg that fell into k., a student must not decide in the presence of his teacher. Kerith. 6ᵃ מכ׳ דרמי כיפי than a k. which is hard enough to break rocks; Horayoth 12ᵃ (Munich manuscript כמכא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Eruvin 65ᵃ קריב לי כ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כּוּתָּא) hand me the k. Shabbath 145ᵇ רייק מכ׳ דבבלאי (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) מכותא) spat out when thinking of the k. of the Babylonians. ↗ original
כּוּתִי 1 (see כּוּת) Kuthi, a Babylonian town. Bava Bathra 91ᵃ Abraham was imprisoned שלש בכ׳ וכ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note, a. Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word כרדו) three years in Kuthi etc.; Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 26 כותא. ↗ original
כּוּתִי 2 (כּוּת) Cuthean, a member of the sect of Samaritans. [In editions published under censorial influences our word frequently takes the place of גוי, עכו"ם, מין etc., a. vice versa.] Chullin 3ᵇ. Tosefta Avodah Zarah 3, 5 (distinction between כ׳ a. גוי). the same place (ibid.) 13ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 3, beginning 27ᵃ; and frequently—plural כּוּתִים, כּוּתִיִּים, כּוּתִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 7, 8ᵇ bottom of the page Chullin 3ᵇ Sotah 33ᵇ ספרי כ׳ the books of the Samaritans, see זוּף I; Sanhedrin 90ᵇ צדוקים edition (Munich manuscript כ׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note); and frequently—Fem. כּוּתִית. Kethuboth 3, 1. Tosefta Oh. 18, 6; and frequently—plural כּוּתִיּוֹת. Niddah 4, 2; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 2; and elsewhere ↗ original
כּוּתַיי . Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᵈ bottom of the page; and elsewhere—plural כּוּתָאֵי, כּוּתָיֵיא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ. Chullin 6ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original
כְּוָתִירִין (?) proper noun of a place K’vathirin, Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 4, 43 (Hebrew text בֶּצֶר). ↗ original
כּוֹתָלכֹּתֶל; כתלto press together, [something solid, compare אָטוּם, אוֹטֶם,] wall. Bereshith Rabbah section 68 (referring to Genesis 28, 11 ‘he struck’) נעשה … כמין כ׳ וכ׳ the whole world was before him blocked as by a wall. Oholoth 6, 3 כ׳ שהוא לאויר a wall which faces the air (which is continued above the roofing, or faces the court yard). the same place (ibid.) כ׳ המשמש את הבית a wall made for forming an enclosure, contradistinguished to the same place (ibid.) 6 בית המשמש את הכ׳ a wall formed by digging two cavities next to each other. Bava Bathra 1, 1; and frequently—plural כּוֹתָלִים, כּוֹתָלִין, כְּתָלִ׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 4, 48ᵃ bottom of the page כתלין (Babylonian edition כתלים, Munich manuscript כותל). Bereshith Rabbah section 18, beginning כ׳ של זהב golden partitions (of Adam’s tent). Bava Metzia 59ᵇ כּוֹתְלֵי בה"מ וכ׳ let the walls of the school house decide. Niddah 3ᵃ כותלי בית הרחם the enclosures of the womb; and frequently ↗ original
כּוֹתְלָא Targum I Samuel 20, 25. Targum 2 Kings 4, 10; and frequently—Shabbath 80ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵃ top; and elsewhere—[Berachoth 58ᵇ נפל כתלא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), edition בתלא, see תַּלָּא.]—plural כּוֹתְלִין, כּוֹתְלַיָּא, כּוֹתְלֵי, כָּתְ׳. [Esra 5, 8 כֻּתְלַ׳.] Targum Leviticus 14, 37; and frequently—Yoma 28ᵇ מכי משחרי כ׳ from the time the walls throw a shadow (in the afternoon); and frequently—כותלי דחזירי (כת׳) bacon (compare אַטְמָא). Chullin 17ᵃ כת׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כות׳). Megillah 13ᵃ Munich manuscript a. Rashi (edition קדלי). ↗ original
כּוֹתֶרֶתcrown, capital. Tanchuma B’har 1 כ׳ מלמעלן ובסיס וכ׳ a capital above and a pedestal beneath; Yalkut Shimoni Song of Songs 990; (Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 15 קיפלורוסים). ↗ original
כּוֹתַרְתָּא Targum Ezekiel 41, 18, and the following (Hebrew text תמרה).—plural כּוֹתְרָן, כִּוֹתְרָתָא. the same place (ibid.) 20. the same place (ibid.) 40, 16; 22 (edition Vilna edition singular); and elsewhere ↗ original
כָּזַב [to shrink, compare כָּחַשׁ,] to fail, dry up (of watercourses); to be false, to lie; to flatter. Tosefta Parah 9 (8), 2 מפני שכָּזְבָה וכ׳ because it gave out during the war.—Sanhedrin 82ᵇ (play on כזבי, Numbers 25, 15) כזבה באביה she was false to her father (in disobeying his instructions). Tanchuma Sh’laḥ 5 לא כָזַבְתִּי לך I did not tell thee a falsehood; and elsewhere Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיזֵּבsame. Parah 8, 9 המים המְכַזְּבִים waters which fail at certain times. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵇ bottom of the page (referring to Numbers 23, 19) אם יאמר … מְכַזֵּב הוא if a man says, I am a God, he is a deceiver. Bamidbar Rabbah section 23 (referring to Numbers the passage cited) איש עושה לאל שיְכַזֵּב a man (through his prayer) may cause God to fail (to execute his evil decrees); Tanchuma Masé 7 לא איש עושה לאל שיכ׳ does not a man cause God etc.?—Yoma 69ᵇ לא כִיזְּבוּ לו Munich manuscript (edition בו) they would not be false in His praise (flatter); and frequently—participle pass. מְכוּזָּב, plural מְכוּזָּבִיםreduced. Ruth. R. to 1, 1 (play on כזבה, I Chronicles 4, 22) אלו בניו שהיו מכ׳ that refers to his (Elimelech’s) sons who were reduced (died). ↗ original
כָּזָבthe preceding) falsehood.—plural כְּזָבִים. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod., p. 154ᵃ; Vayikra Rabbah section 29 הבלים וכ׳ vain and false things. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 13 (play on סתו, the same place (ibid.) 11) that is the wicked (Roman) government שמסיתה … בכְזָבֶיהָ which entices the world and leads it astray with its falsehoods. Pesikta Rabbati section 40 כ׳ שישראל מכזבים וכ׳ the falsehoods which the Israelites commit during the whole year.—[Shemoth Rabbah section 42 כזבים, see כּוּב.]—[מדבר כזב, see כּוּב.] ↗ original
כַּזְבָּן (the preceding) liar. Tanchuma Masé 5 אתחשב כ׳ I shall he considered a liar; Bamidbar Rabbah section 23. ↗ original
כַּזְבָּנָא Bereshith Rabbah section 47. ↗ original
כְּזִיב (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a place Chezib, see אַכְזִיב. Challah 4, 8 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition גְּזִיב). Demai 1, 3 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition ג׳, Munich manuscript גויב, correct accordingly); and frequently ↗ original
כזניתא , Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 60ᵇ top, see זַגִּיתָא ↗ original
כְּזַר (compare כזז) to shrink; to be hard (see אַכְזָר a. denominative). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּזַרto loathe. Targum Job. 10, 1 אִתְכַּזְרִית וכ׳ manuscript (variant reading אתבזיית, edition אתגזרַת) I myself loathe my life. ↗ original
כֹּחַ see יָכַח) firmness, strength, power. Horayoth 9ᵃ בנוי בכ׳ וכ׳ in beauty, in physical strength, etc. Chagigah 12ᵃ. Sanhedrin 96ᵃ תשש כֹּחוֹ his strength failed him. Berachoth 63ᵃ כל … אין בו כח וכ׳ he who is careless about the study of the Law, will have no strength to endure on the day of trouble; and very frequently—Betzah 2ᵇ, and frequently (mixed diction) להוריעך … כֹּחָן to show the power of …, i.e. how far-reaching are the consequences of the opinion of … the same place (ibid.), and frequently כח דהיתרא עדיף showing the power of the more lenient opinion is preferred (as an evidence of courage of conviction, while the more rigid opinion may be the outcome of doubt).—כח כֹּחוֹ indirect action, opposite כֹּחוֹ direct action. Bava Kamma 18ᵃ שאני … בין נזק כחו לכח כחו S. distinguishes between direct and indirect injury. the same place (ibid.) 19ᵃ. Makkoth 8ᵃ.—Avodah Zarah 60ᵃ כ׳ כ׳ pressing wine by turning a wheel. Bava Kamma 10ᵇ, see לַאו.—Sanhedrin 77ᵇ כ׳ ראשון direct agency, כ׳ שני indirect agency.—Shevuoth 48ᵃ, and frequently יפה כ׳, see יָפֶה.—Oholoth 18, 6 שכֹּחָן יפה who (which) can endure pressure without shaking, opposite כחן רע; Zavim 3, 1; Bava Metzia 105ᵇ; and elsewhere—Bereshith Rabbah section 98, see לִיבְדְּקוֹס. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 1, 27ᶜ bottom of the page ל"ת שבא מכח עשה a prohibition derived from a positive law, see לַאו; and frequently—Transferred coition. Yevamoth 34ᵃ ↗ original
כֹּחַ ²same. Targum Lamentations 1, 6.—Betzah 2ᵇ, and frequently (mostly in Hebrew form), see above. name of a lizzard. Targum Leviticus 11, 30 (Hebrew text כח). בַּר כּוֹחָא proper noun of a male person Bar-Koḥa. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, 14ᵈ bottom of the page ↗ original
כָּחַדto diminish. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיחֵדto withhold, deny. Bamidbar Rabbah section 13 לא כ׳ מיעקב did not withhold (the truth) from etc. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְחִידto destroy. Bamidbar Rabbah section 20 לקללן ולהַכְחִידָן to curse and destroy them. Shemoth Rabbah section 12; and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְחָדto be destroyed. the same place (ibid.) היית נ׳ מן וכ׳ thou wouldst have been wiped out from the earth. ↗ original
כְּחַד [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ bottom of the page מכחד, see בְּחַר.] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְכַּחַדto be destroyed. Targum Job 4, 7. ↗ original
כַּחַד construct state (the preceding) missing, being missed. Targum Psalms 139, 16 (edition Lagarde edition a. other בחד, variant reading כ׳). ↗ original
כָּחַח (onomatopoetic, compare חָכַךְ 2) [to scratch,] to cough, to bring up mucus. Eruvin 99ᵃ כָּח בפני רבו (not כיח, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 16) he who coughs in sight of his teacher, explained the same place (ibid.) כח ורק (not כיח) when he coughs and spits out. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 11 (8), 8 הכּוֹחֶה וכ׳ (frequently כָּחַהּ) he who coughs (brings mucus up in his mouth) in the street. Tanchuma Noah 9 גונח וכוֹהֶה דם coughing and spitting blood; (Tanchuma edition Buber edition the same place (ibid.) 14 גונח מלבו), see גָּנַח. ↗ original
כָּחִישׁ (כְּחַשׁ) lean, weak. Kiddushin 24ᵇ נהורא כ׳ feeble eye-sight, opposite בריא normal. Bava Bathra 155ᵇ אי כ׳ … ליברי if he is lean, we let him be fattened. Bava Metzia 105ᵇ הוה כ׳ ארעא the soil was exhausted, opposite שמינא.—plural כְּחִישִׁין, feminine כְּחִישָׁתָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 41, 27.—Bava Kamma 118ᵇ, opposite ברייתא. ↗ original
כְּחִישׁוּתָא (the preceding) reduction, weakness, leanness. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 5.—Yevamoth 79ᵇ כ׳ דאתחילא ביה it was weakness that befell him (but no organic defect). Bechoroth 45ᵇ כ׳ אתחלא וכ׳ it is a weakness of the right hand, see בְּרִיאוּתָא. Bava Bathra 155ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original
כָּחַלto paint the eyelids (for medical or for cosmetic purposes). Shabbath 8, 3 (78ᵇ) כדי לִכְחוֹל וכ׳ a quantity sufficient for painting one eye. Shabbath 80ᵃ צנועות כּוֹחֲלוֹת וכ׳ chaste (veiled) women paint only one eye. the same place (ibid.) 10, 6 הכּוֹחֶלֶת she who paints her eyes (on the Sabbath); and frequently—participle passive כָּחוּל; feminine כְּחוּלָה, plural כְּחוּלוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 98 (play on חׄכׄלׄילי, Genesis 49, 12) שעיניהם כׄחׄולׄות וכׄחׄם יפה וכ׳ whose eyes are bright as if painted, and whose abilities for study are fine. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ top להכחיל, מכחיל, see בָּחַל 2.] ↗ original
כְּחַל 1same. Targum 2 Kings 9, 30; and elsewhere—Shabbath 80ᵃ עין … הא לא כַחֲלֵי but people never paint one eye only! (ironically, see below) to blind the eyes. Berachoth 58ᵃ חברוהי כַחְלִינְהוּ וכ׳ his associates put his eyes out, see כְּבִי.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᵈ top כחל לה, read in one word, see חֲלָלָא.] Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיכְּחַלto be painted. Niddah 55ᵇ if one desires to become blind, לִיכְּחוֹל מארמאי (מעכ"ום) let him have his eyes painted by gentiles; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah the passage cited מִיכְּחוּל מינהון. ↗ original
כָּחָל (tradit. pronunc. כְּחַל) masculine (probably from its reddish color, see כַּחֲלֵי) udder, bag. Chullin 8, 3. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 8 כ׳ של מניקה the bag of a milk-cow; and frequently ↗ original
כְּחַל 2 [Targum Psalms 74, 6 some edition, read כַּחֲרָא.]—Chullin 110ᵃ תבשילא דכחלא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition דכחל) a dish made of udder.—plural כַּחֲלֵי. the same place (ibid.) בסורא … כ׳ in Sura they do not eat udders. the same place (ibid.) אפקינהו כ"ע לכַחְלַיְיהוּ (not לכחלינהו) all of them brought out the udders they were about to cook. ↗ original
כַּחֲלֵי = Hebrew כּוֹחֲלִין, carbuncle. Targum Song of Songs 5, 14 (corresp. to נֹפֶךְ, Exodus 28, 13). ↗ original
כָּחַשׁto fail, be reduced, be lean, opposite בריא, שמן. Bava Kamma 34ᵃ כ׳ כשעת וכ׳ if the injured ox became reduced after being wounded, damage is assessed according to the value at the time of standing before court; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, end, 3ᵈ הִכְחִישׁ. Bereshith Rabbah section 53 (referring to Habakkuk 3, 17) כּוֹחֲשִׁים היו (Sarah’s face) was haggard (and the announcement of the angels made it shine like olive oil); Yalkut Shimoni Habakkuk 565 כְּחוּשִׁים; [other interpret., see below].—participle pass. כָּחוּשׁ, feminine כְּחוּשָה; plural כְּחוּשִׁים, כְּחוּשׁוֹתlean, reduced, weak. Sanhedrin 78ᵃ כח כ׳ a weak force. Chullin 97ᵃ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) diction). Bava Kamma 6ᵇ אכל כ׳ if he ate fruits of a garden-bed with scanty fruits; Gittin 48ᵇ; and frequently (compare כָּזַב) to be false. Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited כּוֹחֲשִׁים היו were they (the angels) false (deceiving)?— Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְחִישׁto be reduced, fail, deteriorate. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma the passage cited, see above.—Meïl. 17ᵃ מי שיש … יַכְחִישׁ וכ׳ if you have an enemy, do you desire him to be weak or strong? the same place (ibid.) ימולו … ויַכְחִישׁוּ let their children be circumcised …, and they will become weak. Yevamoth 34ᵇ ויַכְחִישׁ יופיה her beauty may be ruined. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, beginning 80ᵃ עמדה מלהַכְחִישׁ if the field ceased to deteriorate; and elsewhere to lessen, reduce, ruin, weaken. Gittin 70ᵃ ג׳ … מַכְחִישִׁים כחו וכ׳ three things lessen a man’s energies. Sanhedrin 84ᵇ הִכְחִישָׁחּ באבנים he ruined the animal by loading stones upon her (without causing a wound). Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma the passage cited הִכְחִישׁוֹ חמשים וכ׳ he lessened his (the ox’s) value by fifty Zuz. Esther Rabbah to 1, 1 (play on אחׄשׄורׄשׄ) שהכחׄישׄ רׄאשׄן וכ׳ he caused haggardness to the heads of etc. Shabbath 22ᵃ מַכְחִישׁ מצוה he impairs the religious act (lessens the brightness of the Ḥănuckah lights). Sanhedrin 67ᵇ; Chullin 7ᵇ, see כְּשָׁפִים; and frequently—[Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 627 אַכְחֵישׁ, see כָּעַס.] to declare false, deny, contradict, see הַכְחָשָׁה. Kethuboth 20ᵃ כשם שאין מזימין … אין מַכְחִישִׁין וכ׳ as an evidence of alibi cannot be taken up except by confrontation, so cannot contradictory evidence etc. Berachoth 27ᵇ יכול החי להַבְחִישׁ וכ׳ can the living contradict the living? Bereshith Rabbah section 48, beginning מפני מה אתה מַכְחִישֵׁנִי וכ׳ why dost thou contradict me (declare me wrong) in the presence of my servant?—Sifra introduction, see כָּרַע; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיחֵשׁto be false; to flatter. Sifré Deuteronomy 356 בשעת מְכַחֲשִׁים להם … when the Israelites prosper, the nations flatter them; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 967. Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּכְחָשׁto be contradicted, rebutted. Bava Kamma 74ᵇ עדים שהוּכְחֲשׁוּ בנפש witnesses that have been contradicted in a capital case.—the same place (ibid.) מוּכְחָשִׁין witnesses whose evidence has been contradicted (but not rebutted through an alibi). Kethuboth the passage cited עדות מוּכְחֶשֶׁת a rebutted evidence; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכַּחֵשׁto contradict each other. Sifré Deuteronomy 37 מִתְכַּחֲשׁוֹת; see, however, כָּתַשׁ. ↗ original
כְּחַשׁ , to be lean, weak; see כָּחִישׁ.—Sanhedrin 95ᵃ כ׳ חיליה his strength failed him. Bava Metzia 104ᵇ (proverb) תִּכְחוֹשׁ ארעא ולא לִיכְּחוּשׁ מרה Munich manuscript (edition כחשא) let the land deteriorate (exhausted by strong seeds) rather than that its owner become reduced (by reduced income); and elsewhere Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְחַשׁto reduce, weaken, impair. Niddah 47ᵇ; Yevamoth 97ᵃ אַכְחֲשׁוּהוּ reduce him (by scanty food); Bava Bathra 155ᵇ אכחשיה Munich manuscript (correct accordingly, edition ליכחוש, see below). Bava Kamma 34ᵃ את מַכְחֲשָׁהּ ואנא וכ׳ thou didst ruin her (by neglect), and I should pay for it? to contradict. Bereshith Rabbah section 48, beginning אַכְחֲשָׁהּ קדמה he contradicted her (his wife) in her (the servant’s) presence. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּחִישׁ, אִיכְּחוּשׁto reduce one’s self, to be reduced. Bava Bathra the passage cited לִיכְּחוּשׁ let him reduce himself. Bava Metzia the passage cited, see above. to be contradicted, rebutted. Bava Kamma 74ᵃ מִתְכַּחֲשֵׁי are contradicted, contradistinguished to מיתזמי, see זְמַם I.—Sanhedrin 81ᵇ אִתְכְּחוּשׁ בבדיקות they contradicted each other in cross-examinations, see בְּדִיקָה. ↗ original
כַּחֲשָׁא (the preceding) reduction, deterioration. Bava Kamma 59ᵃ כַּחַשׁ גופנא the weakening of the vine (by allowing the grapes to remain on it until they are ripe). Bava Metzia 101ᵇ משום כ׳ דארעא because he exhausted the soil by planting trees. the same place (ibid.) 104ᵇ מנכי ליה כ׳ דארעא he must allow him a reduction of his rent in consideration of the lesser exhaustion of the soil (by having planted wheat in place of poppy). ↗ original
כטספטייס , Avodah Zarah 39ᵃ edition, Munich manuscript כספטייס, Chullin 66ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3 (4), 27 כספתיאס, a corruption of כְּסִיפְיָיס, כְּסִיפְיָאס (ξίφιας) sword-fish, see אכספטיאס. ↗ original
כיthe Greek letter Chi (χ). Menachoth 6, 3 כמין כי, explained the same place (ibid.) 75ᵃ כמין כי יוני (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) יונית) drawing the figure of a Greek Chi; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 8; 10; Kerithoth 5ᵇ; Horayoth 12ᵃ, explained כמין כף יוני edition (Munich manuscript כי). Kelim 20, 7. ↗ original
כֵּי (= כְּאֵי, see אֵי 3) like which?; כֵּי זֶה צַד, כֵּיזֶה צדhow?, in what manner? Tosefta Bava Kamma 3, 4. Tosefta Terumoth 1, 5; and frequently edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (edition usually כֵּיצַד). ↗ original
כִּי see כּ־) like. Sotah 35ᵇ כי סיד like lime. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 16, end, 16ᵃ כי חיה like a lying-in woman; and frequently when. Shemoth Rabbah section 9, beginning (referring to Exodus 7, 9) … אם ידבר אלא כי וכ׳ it does not read, ‘if Pharaoh …, but when …; he will say so. Rosh Hashanah 3ᵃ, see אִי 2. so, thus. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 3, 77ᵇ וכי היה המעשה and thus it came to passive Yevamoth 8, 3 לא כי הלכה וכ׳ (some edition לא כי אלא וכ׳) it is not so; I am reciting a Halakhah. Shekalim 1, 4 לא כי אלא וכ׳ it is not so, but etc. Bava Kamma 25ᵇ; and frequently for. Yoma 87ᵇ (quoting from a prayer) כי עונותינו וכ׳ for our iniquities are etc. וְכִי (introducing a question to which a negative answer is expected) is it really so that? Rosh Hashanah 9ᵃ וכי בתשעה … והלא וכ׳ do we fast on the ninth? Is it not the tenth etc.? Shabbath 4ᵃ וכי אומרים וכ׳ dare we say to a man etc.?; Menachoth 48ᵃ. Yoma 7ᵃ; and very frequently ↗ original
כִּי ²as, like. Targum Isaiah 14, 19, see יְחַט; and frequently, see כְּ־.—Moed Katan 28ᵇ מותא כי מותא וכ׳ death like death, i.e. death must naturally ensue, see חֲבוּלְיָא. Shabbath 140ᵇ. see אוּרְכָּא.—Kiddushin 81ᵃ יומא כי האידנא on a day like this.—כי הא ד־ as that which is told of etc. Pesachim 117ᵃ; and frequently—Chagigah 2ᵃ, and frequently דלא כי האי תנא which is not in agreement with the opinion of etc.—Bava Kamma 46ᵃ לְכִי הא דאיתמר for a case like the one that is told.—Nedarim 49ᵃ, and frequently כי אתריה, see אֲתַר.—Horayoth 13ᵇ נתקין … כי לדידן let us institute something like that which has been done concerning ourselves; and frequently when. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Leviticus 26, 44; and frequently—Chullin 110ᵃ; Bava Bathra 87ᵃ כי סליק וכ׳ when R. El. went to Palestine. Sanhedrin 74ᵃ, and frequently כי אתא וכ׳ when R. … came (from Palestine).—וכי תימא (abbr. וכ"ת), see אֲמָא 2.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, end, 25ᵈ כי יתבון וכ׳ (not כיי) when they sat down to eat; and very frequently—כי היכי a) in order that, see הֵיכִי.—b) as well as, in the same way as. Taanith 9ᵇ כי ה׳ … הכי וכ׳ as the Babylonians are deceitful, so are their rains; and frequently—[כַּי, see כַּיי.] ↗ original
כֵּיבָא (the preceding) pain, sore, see כְּאֵבָא. Targum Job 5, 18; and elsewhere—Bava Kamma 46ᵇ, see כְּאֵב I. Echah Rabbah to 2, 1 אית … לכ׳ עייבא there is a place where they call a sore ͑ayba (heaviness), see כְּאֵב I Pa.—Esp. ulcer, ulceration (mostly as a collective noun). Shabbath 62ᵇ (referring to Isaiah 3, 24) חלף שופרי כ׳ instead of beauty ulcers; [Kimḥi quotes כְּוָאָה; Munich manuscript כיבא כיאורא, combining two versions]. Kiddushin 39ᵇ שיחנא וכ׳ scabs and ulcers. the same place (ibid.) 81ᵃ [read:] יתיב עליה מלא נפשיה שיחנא וכ׳ he sat down before it (the tray), his body being full of etc.—Shabbath 67ᵃ לכ׳ לימא הכי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כיפא, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word כס :כיסא) against ulcers say the following charm.—plural כֵּיבִין. the same place (ibid.) שיחנין וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition שחינ׳ כְּאֵיבִין, read ש׳ וכ׳).—[Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 2, see בִּיב.] ↗ original
כִּיבּוּד (כָּבֵד) doing honor to; respect, reverence. Peah 1, 1 כ׳ אב ואם filial respect. Sifra K’dosh. beginning; Kiddushin 31ᵇ, and elsewhere (referring to Leviticus 19, 3, a. Exodus 20, 12) איזהו מורא ואיזהו כ׳ what constitutes filial fear (reverence), and what filial respect?—Pesikta Rabbati section 23—24; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᵇ top אדיין לחצי הכ׳ וכ׳ he has not come up yet to half of the filial duties which the Law implies; and frequently—2) sweeping, cleansing. Niddah 7, 2 (56ᵃ) עד שעת כִּבּוּד up to the time of sweeping; Niddah 3ᵃ עד שעת הכי׳. Treatise Smachoth, Treatise Chaldaic (Aramaic) 11; and elsewhere—plural כִּיבּוּדִים, כִּבּ׳. Niddah 56ᵇ בשעת כִּבּוּדֵיהֶם when they are being swept. ↗ original
כִּיבּוּי (כָּבָה) extinguishing. Shabbath 120ᵇ גרם כ׳ causing extinction indirectly. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 17, end, 15ᵈ [read:] יש לו צורך בכ׳ he has use for (profits by) the extinction. ↗ original
כיבוי , Targum Proverbs 30, 14, some edition, read: נִיבוֹי, see נִיבָא. ↗ original
כִּיבּוּס (כָּבַס) washing. Zevachim 11, 3. the same place (ibid.) 94ᵇ, see כִּסְכּוּס; and frequently—plural כִּיבּוּסִים, כִּבּ׳. Niddah 56ᵇ בשעת כִּבּוּסֵיהֶן when they are being washed. ↗ original
כִּיבּוּשׁ (כָּבַשׁ) conquest, dominion. Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 3, 48ᶜ top בכ׳ הארץ for the conquest of Palestine. Gittin 8ᵇ (referring to Syria) כ׳ יחיד … כ׳ the conquest of an individual (David) is not called a (national) conquest (so as to give the land the sacred character of Palestine); the same place (ibid.) 47ᵃ, and frequently—[Bereshith Rabbah section 17 לכבוש, see כִּינּוּס.] = כֶּבֶשׁ 2, ascent, grade. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 2, 24ᵇ bottom of the page [read:] כל כִּיבּוּשֵׁי כבשים … מכִּי בּוּשׁוֹ וכ׳ all grades of ascents in the Temple …, with the exception of the grade of the altar-bridge which was at the rate of about ten handbreadths to three handbreadths and one third of a finger’s width (of vertical height; i.e. 10 to 3 1/12), see כֶּבֶשׁ.—plural כִּיבּוּשִׁים, כִּיבּוּשִׁין, construct state כִּיבּוּשֵׁי, see above. (only in plural) means of subduing one’s pride; reproof; evil prediction, penitence. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana V’zoth, p. 197ᵃ הן וכִיבּוּשֵׁיהֶן they (the blessings) but also the reproofs connected therewith (Deuteronomy Chaldaic (Aramaic) 32); Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 550. Bereshith Rabbah section 66 (referring to Genesis 27, 28) [read:] יתן לך ברכות ויתן לך כיבושיהן; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 115 כיבושין הראויות לך may He give thee blessings, but also such means of preventing overbearing as may be proper for thee.—דברי כ׳ admonitions to penitence. Taanith 2, 1 (15ᵃ); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 8. ↗ original
כִּיבּוּשׁ ² (see כְּבַשׁ 3) fastening, connection, hammering in, welding. Targum I Kings 7, 29 עובד כ׳ welding work (Hebrew text מורד). the same place (ibid.) 30 ככְבַשׁ construct state (Hebrew text מֵעֵבֶר!). the same place (ibid.) 36 (כֵּי׳) כֵּבַשׁ חד one connected body (Hebrew text כמער איש).—plural כִּיבּוּשִׁין. Targum Exodus 27, 10, and elsewhere sockets for the hooks (Hebrew text חֲשֻׁק־). Targum I Kings 7, 33 naves (Hebrew text חִשֻּׁר־). ↗ original
כִּידוֹן 1 (Biblical Hebrew) name of a tree, in a transferred sense light spear, javelin. Kelim 11, 8. Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 יכול ככ׳ you might think (Absalom with his head of hair was slender, looking) like a kidon, opposite כחרובית; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 17ᵇ בכ׳ (correct accordingly); Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 13; the same place (ibid.) 27; and elsewhere—plural כִּידוֹנִים. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 133. ↗ original
כִּידוֹן 2 (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Kidon; גורן כ׳ the threshing floor of K. (I Chronicles 13, 9), in place of נָכוֹן (2 Samuel 6, 6). Sotah 35ᵇ; Bamidbar Rabbah section 4 בתחלה כ׳ וכ׳ at first (the Ark was shaking like) a javelin (see the preceding), but afterwards (it was) firmly established; [other interpret., see Rashi to Sotah the passage cited] ↗ original
כִּיהוּן (denominative of כֹּהֵן) priestly outfit. Yoma 43ᵃ הכהן בכִיהוּנוֹ ‘the priest’ (as such) in his priestly garments (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 7); Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 760. ↗ original
כִּיּוּן (Biblical Hebrew) Kiyyun, name of an idol. Targum Amos 5, 26 (some edition כִּיוּוּן). ↗ original
כִּיוָּן (כּוּן) [firmness, directness, fitness;] (adverb) directly, exactly. Pesachim 37ᵃ אפשר … ויקבענה כ׳ he may form the dough in a mould and attach it to the cake directly (well fitting, without loss of time). Tamid 3, 6 אחד … ואחד פותח כ׳ (with one key) a priest puts his hand through an opening in the door (see אַמָּה), and another priest opens (with the other key) directly; (Talmud edition 30ᵇ ואחד שהוא פותח כ׳ and another key which opens directly). (conj. followed by ש־) as soon as, since. Makkoth 3ᵃ, and frequently כ׳ שהגיד וכ׳ as soon as a witness has finished his evidence, he is not permitted to testify again (retract or modify). Kethuboth 11ᵃ כ׳ שהגדילה וכ׳ as soon as she was of age for one while without protesting etc. Eruvin 93ᵇ כ׳ שהותרה הותרה being once permitted (for one part of the Sabbath), it remains permitted; and very frequently ↗ original
כֵּיוָןfirmly established, true, straightforward. Targum Deuteronomy 13, 15 (Hebrew text נָכוֹן). Targum Habakkuk 1, 4 לא כ׳ (Hebrew text מעוקל).—plural כֵּיוָנֵיhonest men. Targum Onkelos Genesis 42, 11; 19; and elsewhere (conj. followed by ד־) as soon as, when, since(also כִּיוָּן). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 21, 15. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 28, 10; and frequently—Berachoth 8ᵃ כ׳ דאמרי ליה when they told him. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ דשמענא להא וכ׳ when we heard that which etc.; and very frequently ↗ original
כֵּיוָנָא 1 common gender (the preceding) straight, proper. Targum 2 Samuel 22, 31 (edition Lagarde edition כֵּוָונָא).—plural feminine כֵּיוָנָן. Targum Psalms 18, 31 (edition Lagarde edition כֵּוָו׳); and elsewhere ↗ original
כֵּיוָנָא 2 (the preceding) propriety, proper thing(Hebrew . Targum Job 42, 7 (edition Vilna edition כְּוַ׳); the same place (ibid.) 8 (edition Lagarde edition כֵּיוָו׳). Targum Micah 3, 9 (edition Lagarde edition כֵּיוָונִיתָא). Targum Amos 5, 10 (edition Lagarde edition בֵּוָונִיתָא; Hebrew text תמים).—plural כֵּיוָנָן. Targum Isaiah 33, 15; 45, 19 (Hebrew text מישרים).—[Targum Psalms 32, 9 כיונא, some edition, read: בִּיּוּנָא.] ↗ original
כִּיּוּר (כִּיר, כִּיד) paneling work, panel (abacus). Bava Bathra 53ᵇ וסד בהן סיוד אחד או כ׳ אחד and added one piece of stucco or one panel. Middoth 4, 6 אמה כ׳ one cubit for the paneling work (tablature of the ceiling in the Temple). Zevachim 62ᵃ, see כַּרְכּוֹב. ↗ original
כִּיּוֹרbasin, especially the laver for the priests in the Temple court. Middoth 3, 6. Tosefta Yoma 2, 2; and elsewhere ↗ original
כִּיוֹרָא Targum Exodus 30, 18; and frequently—plural כִּיוֹרִין, כִּיוֹרַיָּא. Targum 2 Chronicles 4, 6. Targum I Kings 7, 40; and elsewhere ↗ original
כִּיוּרָאpanel-work. Targum 2 Chronicles 6, 13 (Hebrew text כִּיוֹר).—plural construct state כִּיוֹרֵי; כ׳ ארזיאcedar panels in ceilings. Targum 2 Samuel 7, 2; 7; Targum I Chronicles 17, 1 (edition Rahm. כייורי).—Targum Jeremiah 22, 14. Targum Chagigah 1, 4 (edition Vilna edition נִסְרֵי). ↗ original
כִּיחַ (כָּחַח) coughing, phlegm of the lungs. Eruvin 99ᵃ בכִיחוֹ it refers to the phlegm in his mouth. the same place (ibid.) כיחו שנתלש phlegm which is loose in the mouth. [the same place (ibid.) כיח ורק, כ׳ בפני, see כָּחַח.]—Bava Kamma 3ᵇ כיחו וניעו the phlegm brought out by coughing or hawking. Niddah 55ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 56ᵃ כיחו וניעו ורוקי phlegm, mucus and spittle (probably to be read כרוקו). Kiddushin 81ᵇ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) כיחו, see אִכְמַר. ↗ original
כַּיָּיל (כּוּל) measurer, a rural officer. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 9, beginning 12ᵃ.—plural כַּיָּילִין. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 9, 14 הביי׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כַּיְילָא (the preceding) measure. Bava Metzia 40ᵃ (Manuscript Hamburg בכילתא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 6). Betzah 38ᵇ כיי׳ חסריה Munich manuscript (edition כי׳) he lessened the measure (quantity) of his wheat by taking out the pebbles. the same place (ibid.) 29ᵃ מנא דכ׳ a vessel used for measuring. ↗ original
כילדין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 3, beginning 29ᵈ והוא עביד כ׳ (?)—probably a corruption to be restored after Babylonian Pesachim 42ᵇ שואבת הזוהמא. ↗ original
כִּילָה (כּוּל or כָּלַל) [enclosure,] curtain, curtained bed, canopy. Bereshith Rabbah section 36, beginning כדיין שמותחין כ׳ על פניו like a judge before whom they spread the curtain (that he may be undisturbed; Vayikra Rabbah section 5 את הוילון). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 20, beginning 17ᶜ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) ההן כ׳ דעל וכ׳ that curtain before the ark. Sukkah 10ᵇ מותר לישן בכ׳ וכ׳ it is permitted to sleep in the Succah in a tester-bed though it has a top cover. the same place (ibid.) 11ᵃ כִּילַת חתנים a bridal bed (without cover overhead). Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 (referring to Song of Songs 3, 9, see אַפִּרְיוֹן) ‘the king … made for himself a bridal litter’, that is the world שהוא עשוי כמין כ׳ which is formed like a canopy (see Psalms 104, 2, and the following). the same place (ibid.) section 13; and frequently—plural כִּילָיוֹת, כִּילָאוֹת (frequently כִּילַי or כִּילָא). Bereshith Rabbah section 28 (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 47 וִילָאוֹת, some edition פלאות, read: כִּילָ׳). ↗ original
כִּילּוּי (כָּלָה) finishing. Sifra K’dosh. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 1; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 4, 18ᵇ בשעת הכ׳ at the time when the end of the field is cut (with referring to תכלה, Leviticus 19, 9); and elsewhere extinction, destruction. Vayikra Rabbah section 7, beginning (referring to שמד, Deuteronomy 9, 20) כ׳ בנים וכ׳ the extinction of his family; the same place (ibid.) section 10. Mechilta Bo section 8 מצות כִּילּוּייוֹ בכל דבר it (the leavened bread) may be destroyed in any manner, opposite מצות כ׳ בשריפה it must be destroyed by fire. ↗ original
כִּילּוּיָא , destruction.—*כּילּוּי סִילְוֵי (or סִילְיֵי) destruction of thistles, name of an insect, probably caterpillar (or bruchus (?), see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word). Bereshith Rabbah section 51, beginning (explained שבלול, Psalms 58, 9) [read:] כהדין כ׳ סיליי כשלשול וכ׳ [לימצא is a gloss borrowed from a commentary or commentaries to Psalms the passage cited and absent in Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 776] like the caterpillar, like the abdominal secretion etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵃ top כקרני סיליי וכיליי (Babylonian edition to 6, 2 Munich manuscript סילוי וכילוי, early edition only ס׳) the water coming forth from the Temple (Zechariah 14, 8) will be … as minute as the horns (feelers) of the caterpillar (thinner than those of חגבים). ↗ original
כִּילּוּלָא (כלל) crowning, finishing; כִּילּוּל בָּתֵּיhouse-finishing, the reception given on the finishing of a house. Tanchuma Bereshith 2 (Sh’ilt. 1 הילול בתי). ↗ original
כִּילוֹן (see אוּבְלָא 2) one whose head has the shape of a basket (calathus), wedge-shaped. Bechoroth 7, 1, explained the same place (ibid.) 43ᵇ. [Musafia refers to Lat. cilo.] ↗ original
כילוס , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵇ bottom of the page, see בילוס ↗ original
*כילופיס , Pesikta Rabbati section 23 כשהן כ׳, read: כשהוא פִּילוֹטִימוֹס (φιλότιμος) when he is liberal (see פילוטמיא). ↗ original
כִּילִי (χιλι-) one thousand-. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod., p. 107ᵇ; Pesikta Rabbati section 21; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 796 [read:] כילי כיליאדין מירי מיריאדין (χιλι-χιλιάδες, μυρι-μυρίαδες) a thousand times thousand, a myriad of myriads. ↗ original
כיליונין , Echah Rabbah to 1, 4 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), probably a corruption of בִּירְיוֹנִין (see בִּירְיוֹן); edition בוליוטין, see בּוּלֶבְטֵס. ↗ original
כיליי , Bereshith Rabbah section 51, beginning כ׳ סילוי; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵃ top סיליי וכ׳, see כִּילּוּיָא↗ original
כיליינא , Yalkut Shimoni Lamentations 1042, see בִּלְיוֹנָא ↗ original
כִּילְכִּית (= כילכלית, see כלכל; or denominative of כלב, compare כּוּלָב) name of a small fish, supposed to be stickleback. Tosefta Avodah Zarah 4 (5), 11 כל שכילכ׳ אחת או שתי כּוּלְכִּיּוֹת וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading כלכלת … כלכליות, כלבת … כלביות) when one or two k. swim in it (the brine); Avodah Zarah 39ᵇ bottom of the page כילבית … כילביות edition (Munich manuscript מלכי, read כי׳ as the same place (ibid.) 40ᵃ; Alfasi edition Cost. כלכלית, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Shabbath 77ᵇ אימת כילב׳ וכ׳ edition (Munich manuscript כּוּלְכִּית, Oxford manuscript כילכ׳) the fear which the Leviathan has of the k.—Chullin 97ᵃ ↗ original
כִּילַן , curtain, cover. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 25, 25 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 כִּבְלַן read: כָּכְלַן, which see).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, 73ᵈ bottom of the page [read:] תחתוי דההן כ׳ under the curtain or wrapper (for the chest containing the Book of the Law). ↗ original
כִּימָה or כמם, compare Assyr. Kimmut, Rawl. Five Gr. Mon. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 7; Kimtu family, Schrader KAT2 p. 557) Kimah (gathering), a constellation, probably Draco (not Pleiades). Berachoth 58ᵇ (etymol. play) כׄמׄאהׄ ככבי as bright as a hundred stars. the same place (ibid.) 59ᵃ; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 56 נטל … מכ׳ וכ׳ the Lord took two stars away from K. and brought the flood etc.; Rosh Hashanah 11ᵇ, and the following Bava Metzia 106ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᵃ bottom of the page Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 הדעת … ככ׳ knowledge is compared to the K … מה כ׳ מבשלת וכ׳ as the Kimah causes the ripening of the fruits and gives them taste, so does knowledge etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 10 כ׳ מעדנת וכ׳, see עָדַן; and elsewhere ↗ original
כִּימְתָא Targum Amos 5, 8 (edition Lagarde edition כימה). Targum Job 9, 9 כימא (manuscript כימתא). the same place (ibid.) 38, 31. Targum 2 Esther 3, 3 כימה. ↗ original
כִּינָּה (כנן, compare קנן) nest, cavity, chamber.—plural כִּינִּים, כִּינִּין, כִּנִּ׳. Vayikra Rabbah section 14 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קינין); Yalkut Shimoni Job 905; compare כּוֹנָנִית. (Biblical Hebrew plural כִּנִּים, collect. כִּנָּם) vermin, louse (also collect.). Parah 9, 2 הכ׳ שבתבואה the vermin in grain. Chagigah 5ᵃ; and elsewhere—plural as above. Bava Kamma 82ᵃ הורג כ׳ שבבני מעיים (variant reading in manuscript הכינה) (garlic) kills the parasites in entrails. Pesachim 112ᵇ. Kiddushin 49ᵇ; Esther Rabbah to 1, 3; and frequently—Shabbath 107ᵇ ביצי כ׳ nits, or a species of vermin called lice-nits; Avodah Zarah 3ᵇ ↗ original
כִּינּוּי (כָּנָה) by-name, surname; attribute, substituted word. Sanhedrin 7, 5 דנין … בכ׳ the witnesses are examined by using a substitute for the Divine Name (see יוֹסֵי). Sotah 7, 6 במקדש … ובמדינה בכִינּוּיוֹ in the Temple the Divine Name is pronounced as it is written, in the country (outside the Temple) by its substitute (Ădonai). the same place (ibid.) 38ᵃ בכ׳, opposite שם המפורש; and elsewhere—plural כִּינּוּיִים, כִּינּוּיִין, כִּנּ׳. Nedarim 1, 1 כִּינּוּיֵי נדרים words used as substitutes for vows (נדר); the same place (ibid.) 2 כ׳ לחרם substitutes for ḥerem (see חֵרֶק); and frequently—כִּינּוּיֵי כִּינּוּיִין secondary substitutes, e.g. the use of g’rog’roth for tirosh and this for eshkol, see גְּרוֹגֶרֶת. Tosefta Nazir 2, 1; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, beginning 51ᵈ ↗ original
כִּינּוּיָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 24, 15 construct state כִּינּוּי. ↗ original
כִּינּוּס (כָּנַס) gathering, piling up. Kelim 15, 5 העשוי לכ׳ a vessel used for piling up (shovel etc.), opposite לקבלה as a receptacle. Niddah 49ᵇ כ׳ ע"י הדחק receiving (absorbing) liquids under pressure (through pores, perforations etc.) Bava Bathra 68ᵃ בית כ׳ העצים (Oxford manuscript כּוֹנֵס; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 3 כְּנִיסַת) store-room for wood. Sanhedrin 8, 5 כ׳ לרשעים כו׳ gathering (living together) of the wicked is bad etc., opposite פִּיזּוּר. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 59ᵈ top מקום כ׳ שיער a spot of the body where hair grows in quantities. Bereshith Rabbah section 32 (referring to Genesis 7, 5) זה שיכון לכ׳ וכ׳ this is the execution of the command to gather in the animals. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 8 (referring to ויצר, Genesis 2, 19) לשון כ׳ it means the gathering (the animals before Adam); Bereshith Rabbah section 17 וכאן לכבוש (correct accordingly); and frequently (compare כְּנֶסֶת) retirement for prayer. Bereshith Rabbah section 84, beginning (referring to קבוציך, Isaiah 57, 13) כִּינּוּסוֹ וכ׳ בניו וכ׳ his (Jacob’s) and his sons’ prayers saved him etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 140; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 349. ↗ original
כִּיסreceptacle, pouch, bag; purse, fund. Bechoroth 39ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 6, see זוּבָּן. Bava Kamma 10, 1 כ׳ של גבאין the collection fund of (royal) collectors. Eruvin 65ᵇ בכִיסוֹ, see כּוֹס I. Kethuboth 10, 4 שהטילו לכ׳ who formed a partnership for business. Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 3, 48ᶜ (referring to Proverbs 16, 11) כולהם … מכ׳ אחד all of them receive their wages out of the same fund (of divine rewards).—חסרון כ׳, see חֶסְרוֹן.—Shabbath 53ᵃ הזב בכ׳ שלו the gonorrhoist with his bag (for his genitals); העזים בכ׳ וכ׳ the goats with the bag over their teats; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4 (5), 5 בכיסין. Vayikra Rabbah section 12 (referring to כיס, K’ri כוס, Proverbs 23, 31) הוא נותן עינו בכוס וחנוני … בכ׳ he (the drunkard) sets his eye on the cup, the shopkeeper—on the money bag. the same place (ibid.) בכיס כתיב לשון נקי הוא it is written (Proverbs the passage cited) ‘on the bag’ which is a euphemism (for illicit intercourse) as in (Proverbs 1, 14) etc. Tanchuma Sh’mini 11; and frequently—plural כִּיסִים, כִּיסִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᵈ bottom of the page—Tosefta the passage cited; and elsewhere ↗ original
כִּיס ² Targum 46, 6. Targum Proverbs 1, 14; and elsewhere—Berachoth 58ᵇ לא שקל ידא מן כ׳ never took his hand out of his pocket (always prepared for charity). Pesachim 113ᵃ שרי כִּיסָיךְ וכ׳ untie thy purse, open thy sack, i.e. sell only for cash (variant reading lect., see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). [Shabbath 67ᵃ לכ׳ לימא הכי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) for a bag (ulcer), see כֵּיבָא.]—plural כִּיסַיָּא, כִּיסֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 60ᵈ, see גְּרַר. Avodah Zarah 70ᵃ כמה כ׳ וכ׳ how many money-bags ought to be found on the street! Shabbath 147ᵃ כִּיסֵי בבלייתא pouches (a sort of cape or hood) worn by the Babylonian women; (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): כישי, Munich manuscript כושי, see כִּישָׁא a. מַרְזֵב).—5. כִּיסְתָא. ↗ original
כֵּיסָא (כְּסַס) thorn (compare קֵיסָא).—plural כֵּיסִין, כֵּיסֵי, כִּיסּ׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᶜ bottom of the page מקטוע כ׳ to cut thorns. Shabbath 77ᵇ אכל כ׳ (Munich manuscript בוצי, ביני, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ביסי) (the camel) eats thorns. Bava Metzia 42ᵇ, and the following בכ׳ … דמי כ׳ (Manuscript Hamburg ב׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 6) when what he gave him in trust was thorns (on which the cuscuta was hanging), and he pays him the value of thorns. fodder, see כִּיסְתָא 2. ↗ original
כִּיסּוּחַ (כָּסַח) cutting down, clearing. Moed Katan 3ᵃ. Bereshith Rabbah section 12; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1; Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 12 דרך הכ׳ in the path made by clearing the thicket; and elsewhere ↗ original
כִּיסּוּי (כָּסָה 2) act of covering. Chullin 6, 1 כ׳ הדם the law concerning the covering with ashes of the blood of killed animals (Leviticus 17, 13). the same place (ibid.) 4 כ׳ אחד לכולן for all of them one covering up is sufficient.—Koheleth Rabbah to 4, 6 (referring to וכסה, Leviticus 16, 13) הכ׳ הזה וכ׳ what this expression ‘to cover’ meant etc. cover, lid, roofing. Bamidbar Rabbah section 4 כי׳ interch. with כסוי (Biblical Hebrew כְּסוּי construct state). Bereshith Rabbah section 1 וכִיסּוּיוֹ, see אִלְפֵּס. Pesachim 94ᵃ ככ׳ קדירה like the lid of a pot. Kelim 12, 3, see טְנִי. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 4, 11 כ׳ קביא, see קַבְיָא; and frequently—[Pesikta Rabbati section 39 בחדש שהוא כי׳, read: כָּסוּי, see כָּסָה I.]—plural כִּיסּוּיִין, כִּסּ׳. Tosefta the passage cited; and elsewhere—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 45ᵈ הכיסוין, read: הכְּסוּיִין, see כָּסָה 2.] ↗ original
כִּיסּוּיָאcovering, roofing. Taanith 22ᵇ ככ׳ דתנורא (Munich manuscript כי כיסתא, correct accordingly) as high up as the arch of the oven. cover, cloak. Kethuboth 68ᵃ לבושא וכ׳ garment and wrap.—plural כִּיסּוּיִין. Targum 2 Esther 6, 10 [read:] מן כִּיסּוּיַי.— secret.—plural fem. כִּיסּוּיָין, כִּסּ׳. Targum Job 11, 6. ↗ original
כִּיסּוּפָא (כְּסַף) putting to shame; disgrace, shame. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 3, 10 (nakedness). Targum Psalms 69, 8 (fem.); and frequently—Horayoth 13ᵇ אתיא מילתא לידי כ׳ this may lead to putting (Rabbenu Shimshon) to shame. Taanith 9ᵇ רחמנא … מכ׳ דשימי the Lord save us from being put to shame through Shimi (by his questions). Sanhedrin 11ᵃ מחמת כ׳ in order to save the man from shame. Taanith 25ᵃ top משום כ׳ to avoid exposure, see אַקְטַרְתָּא. Bava Kamma 86ᵇ כ׳ feeling of shame, contradistinguished to זילותא disgrace though not felt. Bamidbar Rabbah section 14 בלשון ירושלמי … כס׳ in the Jerusalem dialect (of the Chaldaic) they say for ḥerpah, kissufa. [כיסופין Targum Proverbs 2, 22 some edition, read: נסופין, see סוּף 2 Chaldaic (Aramaic)] ↗ original
כִּיסִיתָא (diminutive of כִּיס) a little bag. Megillah 26ᵇ bottom of the page מיעבדיה … כ׳ לסיפרא Munich manuscript (Munich manuscript 2 כִּסְוָאתָא plural of כִּסְוָא; Oxford manuscript כִּיסְתָא; edition פריסא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) to alter it into a bag for a book of the Law. ↗ original
כִּיסְכּוּס (כִּסְכֵּס) rubbing (clothes, in washing). Zevachim 94ᵇ כיבוס … כ׳ washing without rubbing. ↗ original
כִּיסָנִין (כסס, adopt. frequently Chaldaic (Aramaic); compare מְלִילָה) nibblings, dessert. Tosefta Berachoth 4, 4 כסאנ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading כיסאנ׳, כיסנ׳). Berachoth 41ᵇ פת הבאה בכ׳ bread offered as dessert. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᵈ top נשים … מיני כ׳ women selling all kinds of sweetmeats (Sifré Numbers 131 בשמים). Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 10, beginning 37ᵇ מיני כִּיסָנִית nibblings. ↗ original
כִּיסְנִין Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 24, 25 (see Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin quoted in the preceding). Targum I Kings 14, 3 (Hebrew text נקדים). Targum Joshua 9, 5; 12 crumbling (Hebrew text נקדים).—Eruvin 29ᵇ כיסא׳, כסא׳ edition (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) כוסאני, other edition כי׳). Kethuboth 17ᵇ ארמלתא לית לה כ׳ at the wedding of a widow no nibblings (roasted ears) are distributed. ↗ original
כִּיסְתָא 1 = כִּיסָא, bag. Berachoth 24ᵃ bottom of the page בכ׳ (Manuscript Florence בכִיסְתֵיה) in the bag (of the T’fillin). Shabbath 105ᵇ top דעבדה כי׳ Munich manuscript (edition כי כסתא, Rashi כי כי׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) when he shapes the garment so as to form (a kind of) a pocket. Pesachim 72ᵃ ודמי ליה כמאן דמנחא בכִיסְתֵיה and it was to him as if lying in his pocket (ever ready to recite it); Kethuboth 50ᵃ; Megillah 7ᵇ בכִיסֵיה. [Kethuboth 98ᵃ, see כְּסִיתָא.] ↗ original
כִּיסְתָא 2 (כְּסַס) fodder. Targum Onkelos Genesis 24, 25; 32 (see Berlin edition Targum Onkelos 2, p. 9; Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) אספסתא, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כַּסָּא). Targum Judges 19, 19; 21 (some edition כִּסְתָא); and elsewhere—Bava Metzia 85ᵃ כדהוה רמי כ׳ וכ׳ when casting fodder for the animal. ↗ original
כִּיעוּר (כָּעַר) hideousness. Chullin 44ᵇ (proverb) הרחק מן הכ׳ וכ׳ keep aloof from everything hideous and from whatever seems hideous; Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2; Tosefta Yevamoth 4, 7; and elsewhere ↗ original
כֵּיף [ball,] rock.—plural כֵּיפִים, construct state כֵּיפֵי, כֵּפֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵃ; Bereshith Rabbah section 23, see בַּרְבַּרְיָא. (see כִּיפָּה) arch, tuft, umbel. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 5, 5 כ׳ של נייר a tuft of papyrus; כ׳ של סיב of hemp.—plural כֵּיפִין, כֵּפִ׳. the same place (ibid.), and the following; see כִּיפָּה. ↗ original
כֵּיף ² , rock, stone, ball. Targum Isaiah 32, 2. Targum Proverbs 17, 8; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, 48ᵈ היי דין כ׳ מקורר וכ׳ which rock (when bored) will give forth water, and which etc., see שְׁרַבְרוּבֵי.—plural כֵּיפִין, כֵּיפַיָּא, כֵּיפֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 32, 13. Targum I Kings 19, 11. Targum Psalms 104, 18; and frequently—כיפי טבתא pearls, jewels. Targum Proverbs 3, 15; and elsewhere—Moed Katan 25ᵇ כ׳ דנורא (Munich manuscript טיפי) fire-balls; כ׳ דברדא hail-stones. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 4, 43ᵈ דאת אילין כ׳ … thou must remove these stones. Kethuboth 112ᵃ bottom of the page מנשק כ׳ דעכו kissed the rocks (Rashi: corals) of the shore of Ptolemais (as sacred ground); Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, end, 35ᶜ לכֵיפָתָא. the same place (ibid.) מתקל כֵּיפֵי weighed the stones (to demonstrate his appreciation of the sacred ground); and frequently—Esp. כֵּיפֵי (see above) precious stones, jewelry (probably amber, see כֵּיפָה). Eruvin 96ᵇ; Kethuboth 81ᵇ כ׳ תלא לה has he jewelry suspended on it (his opinion)?, i.e. must his opinion absolutely be accepted?—Bava Bathra 52ᵃ. Bava Metzia 35ᵃ אפקיד כ׳ וכ׳ gave jewelry in trust etc. the same place (ibid.) הב לי כֵּיפַי (Munich manuscript כֵּיפַאי) give me my jewelry back; and elsewhere—3) also כַּפָּא (compare גֵּיף, כַּף etc.) shore, border. Targum Judges 7, 12. Targum Isaiah 19, 7 ככֵיפֵיה (edition Lagarde edition ככפיה; edition Vilna edition בכיפי, correct accordingly) like its shore.—Pesachim 4ᵃ, see אֲסִיסְנָא. Nedarim 40ᵃ bottom of the page נהרא מכֵּיפֵיה וכ׳ the Euphrates grows from (the waters coming down) its shores (not from rain); Shabbath 65ᵇ; Bechoroth 55ᵇ. Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 1 הוה מיטמר בכיף ימא (some edition בכֵף) was hiding himself at the sea-shore; and elsewhere—plural as ab. Targum Isaiah 8, 7 כֵּיפוֹהִי; Targum Joshua 3, 15 (some edition כַּפּוֹהִי).—Shabbath 65ᵇ מכֵּיפֵי some edition (see above).—Moed Katan the passage cited נשוק כ׳ … אהדדי the shores of … touched each other (the waters rising to the level of the shores; Rashi: the arches of the ruined bridges, see below).—4) arch, vault, see כִּיפְתָא.—5) cap, see כִּיפָּה.—6) bundle, sheaf, see כַּפָּא. [כיפא, Tosefta Mikvaoth 4, 5, see כִּיפָּה, end.] ↗ original
כֵּיפָה (see כֵּיף) ball, stone. Oholoth 8, 5 כֵּיפַת הברד hail-stone. resin (or something similar) found in balls. Tosefta Demai 1, 29 כֵּפַת המרחץ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בפת, emend. by El. Vilna edition קופת) resin used (with oil) in the bath-room.—כֵּיפַת הירדן Jordan-resin, amber (an adapt. of Eridanus, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Electrum, Lübker’s Reallex. under the word Electron). Kerith. 6ᵃ (one of the ingredients of frankincense). ball, lump. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 5, 7ᵇ bottom of the page (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.), see גְּבִינְתָּא. ↗ original
כִּיפָה = כְּפִיפָה, bending. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 3, 54ᵃ top (in mixed dict.) כ׳ קומוי (not קומי) bending is due before Him; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 72ᵃ top בפה קומך (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כִּיפָּהarch, doorway, bow. Yevamoth 80ᵇ עושה כ׳ forms a bow (when urinating). Yoma 11ᵇ; Eruvin 11ᵇ כ׳ ר"מ וכ׳ as to an arched doorway R. M. says, it requires a M’zuzah. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 7 (5), 2 עד מקום הכי׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) הקופא) to the site of the (now ruined) arch (of Tiberias); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, 22ᵈ bottom of the page עד הכ׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 7, 56ᵃ top הגיעו לכ׳ when they arrived at the arch (or arcade). Avodah Zarah 1, 7 (16ᵃ) כ׳ שמעמידין וכ׳ the arched chamber in the bath where they put up idolatrous statues. Pesikta Rabbati section 41 כ׳ של חשבונות … אותה כ׳ an arcade named Arch of Accounts (a sort of Exchange) existed outside of Jerusalem, and they used to go out and settle their accounts under this arcade etc. Tanchuma Beshallach 17 (referring to קפאו, Exodus 15, 8) כמין כפה (Mechilta the same place (ibid.), Shir. section 6 קופה) like a vault; and elsewhere—Esp. כִּיפַּת הרקיע, or כִּופָּהthe heavenly arch, sky (believed to be a solid mass). Bereshith Rabbah section 48, beginning Bereshith Rabbah section 4 הרקיע … ולמעלה … כ׳ וכ׳ the firmament is like a lake, and above the lake is the arch, and owing to the heat of the lake the arch exudes drops etc. Bava Bathra 25ᵇ אחורי כ׳ back of (above) the sky. Megillah 11ᵃ ג׳ מלכו תחת הכ׳ Munich manuscript 2 (edition בכ׳, Munich manuscript 1 בקופה) three persons ruled over the whole world; and elsewhere a vaulted chamber, prison. Sanhedrin 9, 3 כונסין אותן לכ׳ they put them in prison (for life). the same place (ibid.) 5. skull-cap, cap. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 4, 45ᵈ bottom of the page; Babylonian Gittin 20ᵃ; see אנדכתרי; Treatise ʿĂbadim Chaldaic (Aramaic) 3 (edition Kirchh.) קיפה. Shabbath 57ᵇ כ׳ של צמר a woolen cap, see כָּבוּל 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, end, 7ᶜ כ׳ של צמר a woolen cap on the head of a lamb, see חָנוּן I; and elsewhere—Tosefta Mikvaoth 4, 5, see below. (compare קוּפָּה) heap, pile. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 27ᵈ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᶜ top כ׳ של אבנים a heap of stones; Bereshith Rabbah section 100 כִּיפַּת אבנים. Chullin 129ᵃ כִּיפַּת שאור וכ׳ a heap (lump) of leavened dough which one intended to use as a block to sit on; Pesachim 45ᵇ כופת some edition (correct accordingly; Munich manuscript 2 כי׳; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 90); see כּוֹפֶת.—plural כִּיפִּין, כִּפִּים (or כֵּיפִ׳ frequently כֵּיף) a) top-branches (arches) of palm-trees. Tosefta Shevi'ith, 7, 16 על (של) בין הכֵּיפִ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading על מה שבכי׳, שבכופין); Pesachim 53ᵃ על של בין הכ׳ as long as there are fruits in the tops. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 2, 1 שכיפת שתי כ׳ של תמרה וכ׳ (Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 22, 9 כופות) who tied together two palm branches and sat upon them. Shabbath 24, 2 מפספסין את הכ׳ you may spread the bunches of branches (for fodder), contradistinguished to זִירִין a. פְּקִיעִין. the same place (ibid.) 155ᵃ כ׳ תלתא bunches are called kippin when tied with three bands.—b) billow-crests, surf. Sotah 34ᵃ. Chagigah 19ᵃ; Chullin 31ᵇ אין מטבילין בכ׳ you must not immerse vessels in the surf (caps of waves), contradistinguished to ראשין; Tosefta Mikvaoth 4, 5 בכיפא edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (other edition בכיפה). ↗ original
כִּיפֵּחַ (כָּפַח, קָפַח, see כּוּפָּח) (supply (understood word) שוקים) one having high and arched shoulders, hump-backed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 7, end, 31ᵈ עובדא … בכ׳ (not בכופיח) a case (petition for divorce) came before R. J. against a husband who had become hump-backed (after marriage), and he forced him (to a divorce). (see גִּבֵּחַ, גְּבִיחַ)an extremely tall and unshapely person. Bechoroth 7, 6 (45ᵇ) כ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קפ׳), see גִּבֵּחַ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵇ bottom of the page כ׳; Babylonian Berachoth 58ᵇ קפח edition (Munich manuscript קי׳; Manuscript Florence כופה, correct accordingly); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 7 (6), 3 כ׳ (variant reading כִּיפֵּיחַ, קפח); Tanchuma Pinḥ. 10; edition Buber edition 1 ק׳. 5. הִדְרָנִיקוֹס. ↗ original
כֵּיפֵיBe-Khefé in Babylonia. Berachoth 31ᵃ (Munich manuscript קופאי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original
כֵּיפְלָא (כְּפַל) duplication; בכ׳double. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 43, 12. Targum Job 42, 10; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 30ᵈ bottom of the page [read:] וקנסיה בכֵיפְלָה and he fined him double the amount. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵇ top בכפ׳ הוות מעביד׳ it would have yielded twice the quantity. Bereshith Rabbah section 91 יהבון לי בכ׳ give me double the amount. Echah Rabbah to 1, 5 אוכלוסין בכ׳ twice as many troops; and elsewhere—5. כְּפֵילָא. ↗ original
כיפליסין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵃ top דיעבי׳ ד׳ כ׳, read: דיעביד כְּלוּפְסִין. ↗ original
כִּיפַּרKippar. Gittin 14ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, end, 43ᵈ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵃ ר׳ יוסי (בר) בן כ׳; Tosefta Shevi'ith 2, 5; and frequently ↗ original
כִּיפַּת , construct state of כִּיפָּה; כֵּיפַת, construct state of כֵּיפָה.—[Tosefta Oholoth 12, 2, and elsewhere כיפת edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), see כּוֹפֶת]. ↗ original
כִּיפְתָאvault, vaulted chamber; arcade. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, 25ᵈ top תפשיתון כיפ׳ the vaulted chamber (in the bath) seized them (kept them spell-bound). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 7, 56ᵃ top כ׳ דקסרין the arcade of the gate of Caesarea (considered unclean); Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 6ᵃ כִּפְתָה דק׳.—plural כִּיפִּין. Targum 2 Esther 1, 5, see כְּפַף. bow, curve. Targum Job 41, 12 דעביד כיפא which forms a bow (in boiling over; Hebrew text ואגמן); compare כִּיפָּה beginning ↗ original
כֵּיפְתָא (כְּפַף) stocks, an instrument of torture in the shape of a wooden collar. Targum Jeremiah 20, 2, and the following; the same place (ibid.) 29, 26 (Hebrew text מהפכת, which Rashi explains by כיפה). (see כְּפִיפָה) muzzle with fodder basket. Sanhedrin 98ᵇ בטולא דכי׳ דחמריה Munich manuscript (edition דכופיתא, see כַּפּוּתָא) in the shadow of the basket of the Messiah’s ass.—plural כֵּיפָתָא, כֵּפָ׳. Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 21 (explained ירומו, Psalms 140, 9, see זְמָם) רומם כֵּפָתוֹי (some edition כְּפֵפָתוֹי) lift high his muzzle (strengthen his enemies); Vayikra Rabbah section 21; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 126 חזק כתפוי (correct accordingly) tighten his muzzle.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, end, 35ᶜ כֵּיפָתָא, see כֵּיפָא I.] ↗ original
כֵּיצַד (contracted of כְּאֵי זֶה צַד, see כֵּי) how?, in what manner?, in what respect? Bava Kamma 2, 1 כ׳ הרגל וכ׳ in what respect is the foot of an animal a constant danger (no forewarning being required to make the owner responsible)? the same place (ibid.) 5, 4 כ׳ משלם וכ׳ how is the value of the embryo assessed? Zevachim 5, 3 כ׳ in what manner (is the sprinkling performed)?—Bava Metzia 3, 12; and very frequently—Tosefta Bava Kamma 9, 2, and frequently edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) כֵּיזְצַד.—Bamidbar Rabbah section 4 הא כְּאֵי צַד וכ׳ (some edition כיצד) how now etc.? ↗ original
כִּיר , Pi'el(כִּיֵּיד) כִּיֵּיר (denominative of כִּירָה 2 or of כַּד 2) [to do the work of the stove-setter or of the potter (כַּיָּיר or כַּיָּיד, see בִּרְכַּיָּיר),] to cement; to lay out with tiles, panels etc. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) reads ר, editions mostly ד.] Bava Kamma 51ᵃ bottom of the page אחד … וסייד וכ׳ (Manuscript Florence וסייר וכייר) if one dug a pit ten handbreadths deep, and another came and lined it with plaster and cemented it; Mechilta Mishpatim, N’zik., section 11. Avodah Zarah 3, 7 (47ᵇ) סיידו וכִיְּירוֹ לאליל Mishnah (Babylonian edition וכיידו לע"ז) he plastered the room and put tiles on (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Abacus) designing it for idolatrous purposes. the same place (ibid.) סיידה וכִיְּירָהּ וכ׳ (Munich manuscript וציירה) if one plastered and stuccoed a stone (slab) for an idolatrous purpose. Bereshith Rabbah section 28 סיידה וכיירה וציירה he plastered and panelled and painted the wedding chamber; Echah Rabbah to 4, 11 וכיידה. Tosefta Sotah 8, 7 כִּיְּירוּהוּ וסיידוהו וכ׳ (variant reading כִּיְּדוּהָ, כִּיְּרוּהָ) they panelled the stone and stuccoed it and wrote upon it. Bava Bathra 60ᵇ אין מסיידין ואין מְכַיְּירִין וכ׳ we must not decorate our rooms with plaster, panels and paintings in these days (after the destruction of the Temple); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 17.—participle passive מְכוּיָּיר, feminine מְכוּיֶּירֶת. the same place (ibid.) ↗ original
כֵּירָהa circle, especially banquet. Bava Bathra 75ᵃ (explained יכרו Job 40, 30, with referring to 2 Kings 6, 23) אין כ׳ אלא סעודהkerah means banquet. ↗ original
כִּירָה 1 (כָּרָה) digging, making a pit. Mechilta Mishpatim, N’zik., section 11 (probably to be read: כְּרִיָּה). [selecting,] buying, sale. Rosh Hashanah 26ᵃ היו קורין למכירה כ׳ (in the sea-towns) I heard them call a sale kirah (which accounts for כריתי, Genesis 50, 5); Sotah 13ᵃ ↗ original
כִּירָה 2a portable stove on feet, with caves for two pots, see כּוּפָּח. Shabbath 38ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 3, 1. the same place (ibid.) 138ᵇ, see יָרֵךְ. Kelim 6, 1 העושה שתי … כ׳ if one improvises a stove by means of two stones; Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 5, 3 כרה edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 6, 4 כירה). Kelim 6, 2 כִּירַת הטבחים the butchers’ stove (improvised with several stones). Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, 61ᶜ top בשאה שכִּירָתְךָ סתומה at a time when thine own (private) stove is closed (when you are not permitted to cook), opposite כירת רבך thy Master’s stove (the altar); Babylonian Betzah 20ᵇ; Tosefta Chagigah 2, 10; and frequently—plural כִּירִים. Kelim 6, 3 שתי כ׳ two fire-places.—Dual form: כִּירַיִים, כִּירַיִם. Shabbath 3, 2. Bava Metzia 8, 7. Sifra Sh’mini Mill. לא … אלא מן הכ׳ they brought the fire in from the (private) stove; Vayikra Rabbah section 20; Tanchuma Aḥaré 6; edition Buber edition 7 מבית (ה)כ׳ from the kitchen. Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12 כ׳ זה טמא (variant reading כ׳ זו טמאה; see 2 Vers., edition Schechter, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 28) this stove is unclean. ↗ original
כִּירוֹמָנִיקְיָא (χειρομάνικα = μανίκια, S.) [tight sleeves,] handcuffs, manacles (compare Lat. manicae). Targum 2 Chronicles 36, 6 (a gloss to שושלון דנחשא). the same place (ibid.) 33, 11 כירומנק׳ edition Lagarde edition (Hebrew text חחים);—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᶜ bottom of the page; Ruth. R. to 2, 14 כירומניקאה; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shub. p. 162ᵃ כידי ומנקייה (correct accordingly). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 8 (referring to זקים, Isaiah 45, 14) קרקומניקיא, Bxt. כרקומ׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כֵּירִי (χαῖρε, imper. of χαίρω) hail! Bereshith Rabbah section 89 (play on כר, Isaiah 30, 23) (when thy cattle has pasture) כ׳ כ׳ מרובה בעולם Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ‘hail! hail!’ is largely heard in the world (good-will prevails); [edition כ׳ עבד קירי אדון; ‘Rashi’: כ׳ קירי מרובה בעולם (χαῖρε κύριε, hail, O Lord etc.), misinterpreting: כ׳ עבד קירי אדון (see next word), which gloss came into the text of the edition in place of the original passage]. Tanchuma Mikk. 9 א"ל קירי כ׳ Musafia (edition ברא; edition Buber edition 11 בדא; correct accordingly), he said to him, hail mylord! ↗ original
כִּירִי 1 (χείριε, vocat. of χείριος = ὑποχείριος) in the control of, captive. Eruvin 53ᵇ (of a Galilean woman who wished to say קירי, κύριε, O Lord) מרי כ׳.—Chullin 139ᵇ (of doves which uttered a sound like קירי קירי) אמרה … קירי בירי (correct accordingly) said she, blind one, say rather κύριε χείριε lord slave (an allusion to Herod the Great, see הַרְדְסִיאוֹת).—[Bereshith Rabbah section 89 כ׳ עבד קירי אדון, see preceding word↗ original
*כִּירִי 2 , כ׳ רָםKiri Ram, an imitation of a musical sound for beating time for dancers. Bamidbar Rabbah section 4 (explained מכרכר, 2 Samuel 6, 14) שהיה מקיש … ואומר כ׳ רם he clapped his hands and kalled kiri ram. ↗ original
כִּישׁ (compare כִּשְׁכֵּשׁ) kish, an imitation of a clapping sound. Bava Metzia 85ᵇ (proverb) אסתירא … כ׳ כ׳ קריא Manuscript Hamburg a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קִישׁ) a coin in a bottle cries kish kish (clappers, i.e. an ignorant man boasts of what little knowledge he has). ↗ original
כִּישָׁא (כוש or כנש, compare כיס) bunch. Bava Bathra 146ᵇ כ׳ דירקא a bunch of vegetables. Kiddushin 45ᵇ. Chullin 105ᵇ מכ׳ דאסר וכ׳ out of a bunch which the gardener has tied. Shabbath 140ᵇ כ׳ כי כ׳ (Munich manuscript ב׳, incorr.) a bunch is a bunch, see אוּרְכָּא. the same place (ibid.) כִּישְׁתָּא fem. (Munich manuscript בישא, correct accordingly; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הוּצָא).— a pouch (of a garment).—plural כִּישֵׁי. the same place (ibid.) 147ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Munich manuscript כּוּשֵׁי), see כִּיסָא a. מַרְזֵב.—[the same place (ibid.) 108ᵇ, see כָּשׁוֹרָא.] ↗ original
כִּישּׁוּף (כָּשַׁף) sorcery, witchcraft. Sanhedrin 56ᵇ אף על הכ׳ the prohibition of sorcery is also included in the Noachidic laws (see נֹחַ). the same place (ibid.) פרשת כ׳ (Munich manuscript a. Rashi מכשף) the passage referring to sorcery (Deuteronomy 18, 10, and the following). Pesikta Rabbati section 14 לא כ׳ ולא כשפים וכ׳ I applied neither sorcery nor witchcraft; and elsewhere ↗ original
כִּישָּׁרוֹןvirtue, fitness. Bamidbar Rabbah section 3 (referring to בכושרות, Psalms 68, 7) בכ׳ אין כתיב כאן וכ׳ it is not written here ‘in fitness’ but bakkosharoth, that means through the merits of noble and worthy women. ↗ original
כִּיתּוּנָא (see כִּיתַּן) = Hebrew כֻּתּוֹנֶת, linen coat, in gen. undergarment, shirt. Targum Onkelos Genesis 37, 3; and frequently—Rosh Hashanah 27ᵇ דהפכיה ככ׳ that he turned it like a shirt (the inside outside). Nedarim 55ᵇ כ׳ דצלא a leather coat (see אִיסְקוֹרְטְיָא). Chullin 46ᵃ, see וְרַד; and elsewhere—plural כִּיתּוּנִין, כִּיתּוּנַיָּא, כִּתּ׳. Targum Exodus 28, 40. Targum Isaiah 3, 22; and frequently ↗ original
כִּיתּוּנִיתָא (diminut. of the preceding) fine linen shirt. Shabbath 140ᵇ דזבן כ׳ וכ׳ he who wishes to buy etc. the same place (ibid.) מאי כ׳ כיתנא נאה Oxford manuscript (not כיתניתא) what is a k.?—Fine flax; edition כיתא נאה ‘fine beating’, see כִּיתָּא I.—plural כִּיתְוַונְיָיתָא. the same place (ibid.)ᵃ bottom of the page Munich manuscript (edition כִּיתָּנִיתָא which see). ↗ original
כִּיתַּן (כתן, compare כתת, a. כּוּנְתָּא) [beaten,] flax. Targum Deuteronomy 22, 11. Targum Exodus 9, 31; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 29ᵃ bottom of the page (in Hebr. dict.) זרעו חטים וכ׳ sow wheat and flax. Yoma 71ᵇ מאי … כ׳ הוא what proof is there that shesh means flax?; the same place (ibid.) כ׳ אגב לקותיה וכ׳ flax splits into branches only when beaten (while it grows in plain stalks); Zevachim 18ᵇ. Bava Metzia 29ᵇ bottom of the page כ׳ רומיתא (fem.; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. M. R. רומאה) Roman (fine and expensive) linen; Chullin 84ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 51ᵇ כ׳ דעביד בטוני flax-stalks in bundles. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ דדייק וכ׳ flax which has been pounded etc., see נְפַץ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, beginning 4ᶜ (explained יָרוֹקָה) כ׳ דמיי ‘water-flax’ (a sort of lichen); and frequently—plural כִּיתָּנַיָּיא. the same place (ibid.) 7, 10ᵃ bottom of the page ההן כ׳ (insert דעבד) he who works in flax-stalks etc., see אֲפַסְטִיתָה. ↗ original
כִּיתָּנִיתָא collect. noun (the preceding words) washed linen clothes, underwear. Shabbath 140ᵃ כסכוסי כ׳ edition (Or Avodah Zarah Shabbath, end כיתונא, R. H. quoted the same place (ibid.) כִּתַּנְיָאתָא plural, Munich manuscript כִּיתְוַונְיָיתָא, plural of כִּיתּוּנִיתָא; Alfasi a. Ash. כִּיתּוּנְתָּא, כִּתּוּ׳) to rub the starch out of linen underwear; לרכוכי כ׳ וכ׳ he intends only to soften the linen etc. the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page האי כ׳ וכ׳ (Or Zer. the passage cited a. Ash. כיתונא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) for variant reading lect.). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, 20ᶜ bottom of the page אותניתיה read: כִּיתָּנִיתֵיה (= חלוקא דכיתנא the same place (ibid.)) his linen garments. ↗ original
כָּךְthus, so. Avoth 4, 5 וכך הי׳ הלל וכ׳ and even so (in the same sense) did Hillel say. Bava Kamma 61ᵃ כך מקובלני וכ׳ such is my tradition from etc. Tosefta Kethuboth 5, 9 כך תתנו וכ׳ even so much (and no more) may you have wherewith to endow your daughters; Babylonian Sanhedrin 66ᵇ; the same place (ibid.) 65ᵃ כך תפסקו; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, end, 30ᶜ כָּכָה; and frequently—כך וכך so and so many, a certain number, date etc. Rosh Hashanah 18ᵇ בשנת כך וכך ליוחנן וכ׳ in the year—of John etc.; and frequently—אחר כך, see אַחַר.—לְכָךְ (compare Biblical Hebrew לָכֵן) for such a purpose, therefore. Avoth 2, 8, see יָצַר. Bamidbar Rabbah section 4, beginning ל׳ דַּקְדֵּק וכ׳ therefore be exact in recording the numbers etc.; and frequently—5. הִילְכָךְ, לְפִיכָךְ. ↗ original
כַּכָּא (collect. noun), plural כַּכֵּי (אכך or חכך, dropped guttural; compare אַכָּכָא) molars, in gen. teeth. Targum Judges 15, 19 edition Lagarde edition, a. Kimḥi variant reading (edition כֵּיפָא, Hebrew text מכתש). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 21, 35 כַּכֵּיה ושיניה his molars and his (front) teeth. the same place (ibid.) 11, 33; and frequently—Pesachim 113ᵃ לא תעקר כ׳ never have a molar tooth extracted. Gittin 69ᵃ לכ׳ for pain of the molars. Bava Kamma 92ᵇ (proverb) שיתין … לכ׳ דקל וכ׳ sixty pains befall the teeth of him who hears his neighbor’s sounds (at meals) and is himself not permitted to eat (not being invited). Avodah Zarah 28ᵃ; and elsewhere—כ׳ דאקלידא, see אַקְלִידָא.—Bava Bathra 167ᵃ כַּכֵּיה דבי"ת Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), Manuscript Hamburg (Munich manuscript בבי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note; edition גַּגֵּיה דבי"ת וכרעיה) the teeth, the upper and the lower horizontal lines of the letter Beth.—[כַּכֵּי cakes, see כַּעֲכָא.] ↗ original
כְּכָי (= כיכי, √כו, compare כַּוָּא) [small apertures, meshes,] spiderweb; in a transferred sense the web-like marrow of reeds. Oholoth 13, 5 כ׳ שיש בה ממש substantial spiderweb; [other opinion:] substantial reed marrow. Kelim 17, 17 עד שיוציא את כל הכ׳ (variant reading כבאי, read כְּכַאי) until he has taken out the entire marrow; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 7, 12 כ׳ quoted by R. section to Kelim the passage cited (edition זָכָר). ↗ original
ככר , Targum Proverbs 17, 25 מככיר manuscript, see כְּבַדAf. ↗ original
כִּכָּר , see כִּרְכֵּר) [circle,] district. Bereshith Rabbah section 41 כל ערי הכ׳ all the towns of the (Jordan) district. loaf. Eruvin 8, 2; Kelim 17, 11 מכ׳ בפונדיון וכ׳ bread for two meals consists of a loaf bought for a dupondium when four S’ah of wheat are worth one Sela; the same place (ibid.) משתי ידות לכ׳ וכ׳ of two thirds of a loaf three of which represent a Kab of grain. Sifré Deuteronomy 40 כ׳ ומקל ירדו וכ׳ bread and stick (reward and punishment) came down from heaven tied together; and very frequently—plural כִּכָּרִים, כִּכָּרוֹת. Tohoroth 5, 6 שני כ׳. Berachoth 39ᵇ שתי כ׳; and frequently Kikkar, a weight of silver or gold, talent (= 3000 Shekel, see Zuckermann Talmudische Munzen und Gewichte, Breslau 1862 Talmud Münz. p. 7). Avodah Zarah 44ᵃ שוה כִּכַּר זהב worth a gold talent; and frequently—plural כִּכָּרִים, construct state כִּכְּרֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵇ top of the page ↗ original
כִּכְּרָאtalent. Targum Onkelos Exodus 25, 39; and elsewhere—plural כִּכְּרִין, כִּכְּרֵי, כַּ׳. the same place (ibid.) 38, 27; and elsewhere—Bechoroth 5ᵃ כללי קחשיב בכ׳ וכ׳ large round sums the Bible counts by Kikkars, units of Kikkars it does not (but counts by Shekels). ball.—plural as ab. Bava Metzia 86ᵃ, see כּוֹכְבָא. ↗ original
ככרתו , Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 2, 52ᵈ bottom of the page, see כְּוֶורֶת↗ original
כֹּל , construct state כָּל (Biblical Hebrew; כָּלַל) all, every one. Sotah 5ᵃ הקב"ה הניח כל הרים וכ׳ the Lord passed over all mountains and hills and caused his Presence to rest on Sinai. the same place (ibid.) (referring to ככל Job 24, 24) כאברהם … בַּכֹּל מִכֹּל כֹּל like Abraham, Isaac and Jacob of whom is written ‘with everything’ etc. (Genesis 24, 1; 27, 33; 33, 11).—Chullin 1, 1 הַכֹּל שוחטין וכ׳ all persons are competent to slaughter etc.; וכוּלָּן וכ׳ but all those (mentioned as unfit), if they etc. the same place (ibid.) 2 ובַכֹּל שוחטין וכ׳ and you may slaughter with any cutting tool except etc. Temurah 1, 1; and very frequently—דברי הכל the words of all, (it is) the unanimous opinion, all agree. Betzah 9ᵃ ד׳ ה׳ מותר all agree that it is permitted; and frequently—אין … כל עיקר not at all. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 1, 21ᵈ אינו מפריש כל עיקר he does not set aside at all; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 8, beginning 37ᵈ, and elsewhere לא הכל ממנו it is not in his power to do so, see הֵימ־.—כָּל העולם כּוּלּוֹ the whole world. Berachoth 17ᵇ; and frequently—כל ה־, כל ש־whosoever, whatsoever. Gittin 11ᵇ כל האומר תנו וכ׳ whoever says, ‘Give you’ (a letter of emancipation etc.), is considered as having said, Take possession (in behalf of the person concerned). Kiddushin 43ᵇ כל שאין יכולה וכ׳ whatever woman is incapable of guarding her letter of divorce, is incapable of being divorced. Chagigah 4ᵇ, see יֵשׁ; and very frequently—כָּל שֶׁהוּא whatever it be, i.e. the smallest quantity. Makkoth 17ᵃ, and elsewhere כ׳ ש׳ למכות for punishment with lashes, the partaking of any quantity is sufficient, opposite כזית, see זַיִת. Shevuoth 3, 1 ואכל כ׳ ש׳ and ate the least thing; and very frequently—כָּל שֶׁכֵּן (abbr. כ"ש) there is every reason that it is even so, i.e. so much the more, a matter of course. Shabbath 63ᵃ … אורך וכ"ש וכ׳ there is length of life promised and, as a matter of course, wealth and honor; and frequently—לא כ"ש, see הַשְׁתָּא. ↗ original
כִּלְאָב (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Chileab, son of David. Tanchuma Tol’doth 6 כׄלׄאׄבׄ שהיה כׄולׄו אׄבׄ Kilab, he was entirely (like) his father; Ylamdenu to Genesis 25, 19 כׄאילׄו אׄבׄיו. ↗ original
כְּלָאָה , extinction. Echah Rabbah, introduction (R. Joh. 1) לא תשוון כ׳ גמירא do not exterminate (them) entirely. ↗ original
כְּלָאֵי (כְּלָא I), כ׳ בבאguard-house at the gate (compare הַרְזִיקֵי). Nedarim 91ᵇ אִיתִּיב בכ׳ ב׳ he was placed in the guard-house etc. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word בב: בלאי, edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) כלאי.] ↗ original
כִּלְאַיִם du. (Biblical Hebrew; כלא, see Ges. H. Dictionary under the word) junction of two, especially Kilayim, the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field, of heterogeneous animals by hybridization or by harnessing together, of wool and linen in the same web (Leviticus 19, 19; Deuteronomy 22, 9 to 11). Bereshith Rabbah section 82; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 8, 12ᵇ top האש והכ׳ וכ׳ fire and hybrids (mules) although not having been created in the six days etc. Kilayim 8, 1 כְּלָאֵי הכרם mixed seeds in the vineyard. the same place (ibid.) 1, 1 אינם כ׳ זה בזה are no forbidden junction. the same place (ibid.) 9 משום כ׳ as coming under the law of K.—Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 16 כשית אינו כ׳ cuscuta is not forbidden (in the vineyard); Shabbath 139ᵃ; and very frequently—Kilayim, name of a treatise of the Mishnah and Tosefta, of the Order of Z’raïmasculine ↗ original
כָּלַב (compare כָּלַל) to seize.—Denom. כֶּלֶב. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּלֵּב,Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְלִיב (denominative of כֶּלֶב) [to make stitches resembling dog-bites (compare our ‘cat-stitching’),] to stitch, opposite to תָּפַר to sew in a workmanlike manner. Moed Katan 1, 8 (8ᵇ) האומן מְכַלֵּב Munich manuscript a. Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Mishnah a. Babli מַכְלִיב) the professional tailor is permitted (during the festive week) to stitch (but not to sew); explained the same place (ibid.) 10ᵃ מפסיע he makes wide steps (cross-stitches); (another opinion) שיני כלבתא (Munich manuscript only כַּלְבְּתָא which see) dog’s teeth, i.e. irregular stitches; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 80ᵈ bottom of the page מפסיע; (other opinion) אחת אחת each stitch singly. the same place (ibid.) הרוצענין מְכַלְּבִין the saddlers are permitted to do dog-stitching. ↗ original
כֶּלֶבthe preceding) dog. Sanhedrin 63ᵇ (explained נבחן, 2 Kings 17, 31) כ׳ they worshipped a dog. Yoma 8, 6, and elsewhere כ׳ שוטה a mad dog. Kilayim 1, 6, see כּוּפְרִי. Kelim 17, 13 כ׳ המים sea-dog. Bereshith Rabbah section 77, see אַגְרִיאוֹן. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, 23ᶜ top (referring to Psalms 22, 21) מכַּלְבּוֹ של וכ׳ from the dog (the vicious accuser) of that pious man, see the same place (ibid.) 23ᵇ bottom of the page, and the following); and frequently plural כְּלָבִים. Berachoth 3ᵃ. Tosefta Bava Kamma 8, 17. Shemoth Rabbah section 20 עשו … כ׳ של וכ׳ the Egyptians made golden dogs by sorcery that they should bark etc.; and frequently ↗ original
כְּלֵב Targum Psalms 59, 7. Targum Proverbs 7, 22 (manuscript כְּלֵיבָא; Hebrew text עכס); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᵈ top, explained נבחן, see the preceding—Eruvin 61ᵃ (proverb) כ׳ בלא מתיה וכ׳ a dog away from home barks not for seven years, i.e. however quarrelsome a man may be, he will not fight in a strange place; and frequently—Transferred a mean person. Vayikra Rabbah section 9.—plural כַּלְבִּין, כַּלְבַּיָּא, כַּלְבֵּי. Targum Psalms 22, 17. Targum Isaiah 56, 10; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᵇ, see דּוּשׁ Chaldaic (Aramaic)—Shabbath 152ᵃ כַּלְבּוֹהִי לא וכ׳ his (euphem. for my) dogs no longer bark, i.e. my voice is weak from old age. Bava Metzia 94ᵃ top כך וכך כ׳ איכא וכ׳ so and so many dogs have we with us. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 86ᵃ תרין כלבי דחרשין (not כלבא) two dogs (of gold) made by the sorcerers (see the preceding). the same place (ibid.), and the following כ׳ דקושטא the real (natural) dogs do not bark at us (referring to Exodus 11, 7); and elsewhere—[Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 4, 6 כלב גזילא, some edition, read בלא ג׳.—Echah Rabbah to 1, 4 כלבא, read: כַּלְבָּה.] ↗ original
כַּלְבָּא 2 , proper noun of a male person בֶּן כ׳ שְׂבוּעַBen Kalba S’buʿa, name of a wealthy citizen of Jerusalem. Gittin 56ᵃ ↗ original
כַּלְבָּא 3 , variant reading of אַכְלְבָא. 5. Aruch Completum (Kohut) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 4, 235. ↗ original
כַּלבָּה (see כֶּלֶב) she-dog. Echah Rabbah to 1, 4 (not כלבא). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᵇ bottom of the page נזקקין לכ׳ having connection with a dog. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 26. tongs, pinchers. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 3, 11 כ׳ של ספרין וכ׳ the barbers’ tongs, the physicians’ etc.; see כַּלְבּוּס. ↗ original
כַּלְבּוּס (enlarg. of כלב, see כַּלְבָּה 2) tongs, pinchers, Sotah 19ᵇ כ׳ של ברזל (Alfasi ק׳) iron tongs (to force her mouth open; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 3 צבת). Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 3, 11 some edition, see כַּלְבָּה. Menachoth 63ᵃ כמין כ׳ עמוק (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כיל׳) a baking form in the shape of forceps with cavities (which clapped together give the dough the shape of an apple etc.). (see כָּלַב) shape of cross-stitches, zigzag of nails in the sole. Shabbath 60ᵇ עשאו כמין כ׳ (Munich manuscript כלכוס, Alfasi ק׳) if he drove the nails in in the shape of etc. Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 11 הכ׳ אינו וכ׳, see כַּלֶּבֶת.—[Bava Kamma 100ᵇ כ׳, see כַּלְכּוּס.—Tanchuma Balak 13, read: כָּלִינוֹס.] ↗ original
כַּלֶּבֶת (כָּלַב, see כַּלְבּוּס) dog-stitch, the shoemaker’s pegging of the sandal. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᵃ כ׳ אינה עולה וכ׳ the kallebeth does not count among the number of nails to be driven into shoes; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵃ כלי בית (correct accordingly, or כְּלִיבִית); Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 11 הכלבוס אינו וכ׳. ↗ original
כַּלְבְּתָא (tradit. pronunc. כְּלַבְתָּא) feminine Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew, bitch. Rosh Hashanah 4ᵃ. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 721, see כִּלְבִּיָּא; and elsewhere—שיני כ׳ (compare preceding word) dog-stitch. Moed Katan 10ᵃ, see כָּלַב. ↗ original
כַּלְדָּאָהChaldeans, soothsayers. Shabbath 119ᵃ. Yevamoth 21ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original
כַּלְדִּי . Pesachim 113ᵇ אין שואלין בכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כַּלְדָּאִין) we must not consult soothsayers. ↗ original
*כְּלָה (see אוּכְלָא, עוּכְלָא)K’lah, a measure for spices. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 3, end, 62ᵇ תן לי כ׳ וכ׳ give me a k’lah of spices, for housekeepers are in the habit of putting a k. of spices etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 20ᵈ bottom of the page כולה תבלין a K. is the ordinary quantity for spices; (Eruvin 29ᵃ; Rabbenu Shimshon to Peah 8, 5 עוכלא). ↗ original
כַּלָּה [crown, ornament, see Isaiah 49, 18,] (supply (understood word) בעלת or בת, compare אִיתּוּ, חוֹרִים a. בֶּן חוֹרִים) bride; daughter-in-law. Yevamoth 1, 1 וכַלָּתוֹ and his (deceased) son’s wife. Sotah 9, 14 שתצא הב׳ וכ׳ that the bride on her wedding day may be taken around in procession, see אַפִּרְיוֹן. Kethuboth 71ᵇ; Pesachim 87ᵃ ככ׳ שנמצאת וכ׳ like a bride (daughter-in-law) found perfect in the house of her father-in-law. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ בבית אביה a bride in her father’s house (not yet taken to her husband’s paternal house). Shemoth Rabbah section 41 (play on ככלתו, Exodus 31, 18, compare כְּלַלPa.) מה כ׳ זו מקושטת וכ׳ as the bride is adorned etc.; and frequently [Tanchuma Ki Thissa 18 כ׳ נופי, read with edition Buber edition the same place (ibid.) 9 קלי נינפי.]—plural כַּלּוֹת. Sotah the passage cited עטרות כ׳ (Talmud edition sing.) the bridal wreaths. the same place (ibid.) 49ᵇ; a. fr general assembly, especially Kallah, the assembly of Babylonian students in the months of Elul and Adar. Berachoth 8ᵇ פרשייתא דכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (manuscript Paris דכַלָּא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim, Vol. 1, p. 384; edition דכולא שתא) the weekly Scripture lessons of the Kallah weeks (during which R. Bibi could not find time to peruse the section of each week). the same place (ibid.) 6ᵃ, see דּוּחֲקָא. the same place (ibid.) 57ᵃ ראש לבני כ׳; Bava Bathra 22ᵃ ריש כ׳ the president of the Kallah.—plural (of כַּלָּא) כַּלֵּי. Chullin 49ᵃ רישי כ׳.—מסכת כלה, מסכתא דכ׳ a (small) treatise of the Talmud named Kallah (from its first word). Shabbath 114ᵃ; Kiddushin 49ᵇ; Taanith 10ᵇ; [other opinion: a subject which has been discussed in the general assembly]. ↗ original
כָּלוּל masculine = כָּלִיל; participle passive of כָּלַל. [Tanchuma Bo 5 כ׳ לדברות; Mechilta Bo, beginning כלל לדברות, read: כֶּלִי (see Levy, Catal. of Rabbinovicz Semin. of Breslau 1889, p. 38, note).] ↗ original
כְּלוּם (= כל מ, compare מְאוּם) anything, something, somebody (Lat. ullus). Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 1, 9 לית כ׳ (Hebrew text אין כל).—Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 730 (referring to Numbers 10, 35) מפניך … ואין אנו כ׳ לפניהם before thee they flee, and are we nothing before them? אלא כשפניך אתנו אנו כ׳ לפניהם וכשאין פניך אתנו אין אנו כ׳ לפניהם but (it means) when thy countenance is with us we are something before them etc.; Sifré Numbers 84 (correct accordingly).—Kelim 24, 1 טהורה מכ׳ is clean from any (of the aforementioned impurities). Berachoth 22ᵇ, and frequently פטור מכ׳ is entirely exempt. Nedarim 1, 1, and frequently לא אמר כ׳ he has said nothing, i.e. what he said is void.—לא כ׳ not the least, nothing at all. Eruvin 11ᵃ לא עשה ולא כ׳ (Rashi לא עשה כ׳) he has done nothing at all, i.e. what he has done has no legal consequences. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ הכל מודין … לא כ׳ היא Munich manuscript all agree that if …, there is nothing at all (to consider; edition ולא כ׳ = פטורה ולא כ׳ it is exempt, and there is nothing etc.); Yoma 11ᵇ ולא כ׳ (ולאו) היא (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) Munich manuscript and note).—Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 10 מאן הוא דכ׳ ודבר בגרמיה כ׳ וכ׳ if a person is somebody and comports himself as somebody (is proud of his value), it were better he had not been born; and frequently (interrog.) introducing a question to which a negative answer is expected, is there any? has any? etc. Sanhedrin 105ᵃ כ׳ יש לזה על זה כ׳ has the one still any claim on the other? Shabbath 31ᵃ כ׳ מעמידין וכ׳ is there ever a king appointed except etc.? Nedarim 8, 7 כ׳ אמרת וכ׳ wouldst thou have said it, but for thy wish to honor me?; and frequently—[Tosefta Menachoth 13, 19; Tosefta Bava Kamma 7, 8, see דֶּלֶם.] ↗ original
כְּלוֹמַר (= כְּאִילּוּ אָמַר) as though one said, that is to say, this means. Nazir 2, 3 (11ᵃ) לא נתכוונה זו אלא כ׳ וכ׳ (Mishnah edition לומר) she had no intention except that of one who says, ‘This be unto me a sacrifice’, i.e. she meant only to forbid herself this cup (compare the same place (ibid.) כמאן דאמר). Sanhedrin 6, 4 (interpret. כי קללת וכ׳, Deuteronomy 21, 23) כ׳ מפני מה וכ׳ which means as much as, (people will say,) Why has this man been hanged? etc.—the same place (ibid.) 6 כ׳ שאין וכ׳ as if saying (intimating), we bear no grudge etc. Shemoth Rabbah section 41 היא מגלה פניה כ׳ וכ׳ she uncovers her face, as if saying etc.; and very frequently ↗ original
כלונוס , Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 44, edition Schechter, see כָּלִינוֹס↗ original
כְּלוֹנָס (a singular of κελεόντες, as if κελέονς) beam of the loom, in gen. beam, pole. Kelim 20, 3 קבעו בכ׳ if he inserted the transverse staff of the loom in the beam; כסא שקבעו בכ׳ if one fixes a chair on the top of a beam; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 11, 5. Zavim 3, 3 על הכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition האכ׳) was seated on a beam. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 2, 2 כליניס edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) 7, 2 כליונים edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (edition כלינוס, correct accordingly). [Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 24, see כָּלִינוֹס.]—plural כְּלוֹנְסוֹת, כְּלוֹנְסִיּוֹת, כְּלוֹנְסָאוֹת. Bava Bathra 67ᵇ (explained בתולות) כ׳ של ארז וכ׳ cedar beams supporting the transverse press beam. Rosh Hashanah 2, 3 (22ᵇ) כלונסא׳ (Munich manuscript 2 קְלוֹנְסוֹת). Sifré Numbers 160. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 2, 2; and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּלוֹנְסָא Targum I Kings 6, 4; 7, 5 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), Rashi a. Kimḥi (edition כּלִינְסָא, כְּלֵנ׳, Levita variant reading קלונסא; Hebrew text שקף) beam used for arches (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Camara). the same place (ibid.) 4.—plural כְּלוֹנְסָן. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 35, 20 (see Sifré Numbers 160). ↗ original
כְּלוּפְסִין (Lesbii; see גְּלוּסְקָא a. גְּלוּגְדְּקָא)Lesbians, a species of figs. Nedarim 50ᵇ (quoting Maasroth 2, 8) היה עושה בכ׳ if one is doing hired labor among Lesbian figs; Maasroth the passage cited לבסים; Mishnah Yerushalmi (prefix) edition לכסים; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 50ᵃ כלוסין. Nedarim the passage cited מאי כ׳ what is K.? Answ. מינא דתאיני וכ׳ a species of figs used for cooking purposes. the same place (ibid.) 49ᵇ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) בלוספיין, read כְּלוּסְפִּיִּין (or … פָּיִין); [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) reads בלופסין; Musafia refers to φιβαλέως, a species of early figs.] (compare גְּלוּסְקָא) a species of table-olives, opposite זיתי שמן. Tosefta Terumoth 4, 3 קלופסין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading גלופ׳; Terumoth 2, 6 זיתי כבש). the same place (ibid.) 3, 15 ק׳ (variant reading קולפ׳, קלפין); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, end, 41ᵃ כלוכסין (read: כלוב׳ or כלופ׳). ↗ original
כְּלִיnext word) vessel, receptacle; bag etc. Bava Bathra 85ᵃ כֶּלְיוֹ של אדם וכ׳ a man’s vessel takes possession for him (of its contents). Berachoth 23ᵃ כ׳ שהוא כֶלְיָין a receptacle which is intended for them (the T’fillin). the same place (ibid.) כ׳ בתוך כ׳ one wrapper within the other. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵈ top הגודל כְּלִי צורה he who shapes an earthen vessel; הנופח כ׳ זכוכית who shapes a glass vessel by blowing; העושה כ׳ בדפוס who makes a vessel in a mould. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 3, 79ᵃ top, and frequently נזקקו לכֶילְיָין they are tied to their vessel, i.e. the vessel in which they are offered makes them to be considered one mass, though they are otherwise disconnected; Chagigah 3, 2 הכ׳ מצרף וכ׳. Mechilta Yithro, Amalek, 2 (referring to Exodus 18, 19) היה להם ככ׳ מלא דברות be unto them like a vessel filled with divine revelations. Aboth dRabbi Nathan, 2 version, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2, see יָחַד. Mechilta Bo., beginning כלל לדברות; Tanchuma Bo. 5 כלול לד׳ (read כלי) a vessel of revelation; and frequently—plural כֵּלִים, construct state כְּלֵי. Chagigah 3, 1 כ׳ בתוך כ׳ vessels put into larger vessels. Kelim 1, 1. the same place (ibid.) 2, 1; and frequently outfit, apparel, garment, tool, weapon. plural as ab. Kethuboth 59ᵇ כ׳ פשתן linen garments. Shabbath 114ᵃ כ׳ לבנים white garments; and very frequently—Bereshith Rabbah section 90 (explained Genesis 41, 44) כ׳ ידים official badge of the hands (bracelets, rings etc.), כ׳ רגלים greaves etc.; (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Rashi כלידרים, כלידרין, corruption of כלי ידים). Bereshith Rabbah section 89 שאין עבד … כ׳ ידים (some edition כלידים, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כלידרין; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 147 כלודי, correct accordingly) that no servant was to hold office or wear rings etc. (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Annulus).—כלי זיין, see זַיִין.—Bava Metzia 9, 13 חייב משום שני כ׳ he is guilty of having seized two implements (the upper and the lower millstone). the same place (ibid.) שני כ׳ two objects of use (a mattress and a plough). Bava Bathra 5, 2 כֵּלָיו the outfit of the ass (saddle etc.); and frequently ↗ original
כלי see כָּלַל) to enclose; to restrain, keep back. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 113 לִכְלוֹת את המכה וכ׳ to ward this plague off from thee. Middoth 4, 6 כֹּלֵה עֹרֵב ‘keeping off the raven’, an arrangement of iron points on the roof of the Temple; Shabbath 90ᵃ כּוֹלֵי עורב (plural) Munich manuscript (edition כַּלְיָיא Chaldaic (Aramaic); see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note); Menachoth 107ᵃ כולי Munich manuscript (edition כַּלְיָה); Moed Katan 9ᵃ כולי Munich manuscript (edition כליא); Arachin 6ᵃ כליה.—participle passive כָּלוּי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 2, beginning 51ᵈ כ׳ אני ממנו I will be restrained from it (for ‘I will abstain’). (compare שלם) to be full, to be finished, to cease. Berachoth 39ᵃ צריך שתִּכְלֶה ברכה וכ׳ the benediction must be finished simultaneously with breaking the bread. Tanchuma Ki Thissa 5 כבר כָּלוּ ישראל וכ׳ Israel would have ceased to exist; (Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shekalim, p. 13ᵇ חיו … מְכוּלִּין, see below). Sanhedrin 97ᵇ כלו כל הקצין all the predicted terms of redemption are ended (have passed by); and frequently—[Pesikta Rabbati section 12 מת וכלה בקבר, read: ובלה.]—participle (frequently כּוּל, compare חוּל, participle חולות a. חלות) כָּל. Sanhedrin 17ᵃ (referring to כלאם, Numbers 11, 28) הטל … והן כָּלִין מאליהם throw upon them the care for the public, and they will cease (to prophesy) of themselves; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּלָּהto finish, cease. Yoma 60ᵇ (ref to Leviticus 16, 20) אם כפר כ׳ when he has atoned (for the sanctuary etc.), he has finished (his task). the same place (ibid.) אם כ׳ כפר when he has done all (the prescribed ritual), he has achieved atonement; Sifra Aḥăré Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4, Parah 4; and elsewhere—Tanchuma Vayetse 2 מְכַלִּין את שדותיהן they reap their fields entirely (leaving no corners for the poor). Sanhedrin 67ᵇ כַּלֵּה מִדַּבְּרוֹתֶיךָ ולך וכ׳ (some edition כלך, see Rab. D. S. ad loc. (on the passage) note) cease from thy homiletical interpretations, and turn to etc.; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 104, 6; Shemoth Rabbah section 10, see כַּלֵּךְ. to finish, destroy. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵇ top (referring to מכלות, 2 Chronicles 4, 21) הן כִּילּוּ וכ׳ they (these vessels) consumed all the gold (of the country); Menachoth 29ᵃ שכִּילַּתּוֹ וכ׳ it consumed etc. Pesikta Rabbati section 2 שכי׳ אותה וכ׳ whom the Lord destroyed. Bamidbar Rabbah section 3 היה הארון מְכַלֶּה בבני וכ׳ the Ark made havoc among the sons of Kehath (who had charge of it; compare 2 Samuel 6, 7). Mechilta Beshallach, Amalek, section 2 לכַלָּן to destroy them. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 78ᵃ bottom of the page (cited in Tosafoth to Chagigah 17ᵇ a. see אלא) ובלבד שיְכַלֶּה עיסתו (edition שיבלים) provided he has used up all his dough for the day; and frequently—participle passive מְכוּלֶּה, plural מְכוּלִּין. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shekalim, p. 13ᵇ כבר היו ישראל מ׳ וכ׳ Israel would then have been destroyed; and elsewhere Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכַּלֶּה,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְכַּלֶּהto be destroyed, visited by death. Bamidbar Rabbah section 5 היו מִתְכַּלִּין they were diminished. the same place (ibid.) שלא יִתְכַּלּוּ מן וכ׳ that they may not be destroyed from the world. Bamidbar Rabbah section 3 לא נ׳ וכ׳ not one of them was missing on being counted etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּלֵיto keep enclosed, to withhold, restrain. Targum I Samuel 6, 10. Targum Psalms 21, 3. Targum Isaiah 33, 15 כָּלֵי (edition Vilna edition כָּל) restrains his eyes. Targum Proverbs 11, 26 כָּאלֵא edition Lagarde edition; the same place (ibid.) 17, 28 כָּאלֵי edition Lagarde edition—participle passive כְּלֵי. Targum Jeremiah 32, 2; (Targum Psalms 88, 9 כָּלוּא, Hebrew form).—Shabbath 57ᵇ כַּלְיָא פרוחי, see בִּזְיוּנָא I; [variant reading Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דידבי, reminiscence frequently Niddah 17ᵃ, see בָּאלֵי.]—כַּלְיָא עורב, see the precedingto be finished, gone. Berachoth 39ᵃ כַּלְיָא ברכה the benediction is finished etc., see the preceding Bava Metzia 79ᵃ וקא כליא קרנא and the capital itself is used up (see below). Yoma 69ᵇ כ׳ עלמא the world would come to an end; and frequently (compare שלם) [to be entirely with,] to trust. Targum Psalms 31, 7. the same place (ibid.) 25 כַּלְיָין (edition Lagarde edition a. other כיילין, correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) 32, 10; and elsewhere; see תְּכַל. [Differ. frequently Biblical Hebrew כָּלָהto be consumed by anxiety, to long, die for.] Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְלֵיto lock up, restrain. Targum 2 Chronicles 7, 13.—Kiddushin 81ᵇ מַכְלֵי להו מִכּוּלָּהּ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Tosafoth (edition מכלליה, read: מכלי ליה) kept the cattle off from the entire field (in which he walked); (edition: kept himself aloof from the entire pasture ground). Bava Bathra 5ᵃ, see next wordPa'el פִּעֵל כַּלֵּיto destroy, use up, diminish. Bava Metzia the passage cited מְכַלִּינָן קרנא (when hiring the usufruct of an object,) we are permitted to use up the stock itself, e.g. if you hired an ass for travelling, and it died on the road, you may sell its carcass, and hire another ass for the money; the same place (ibid.) לא מכ׳ קרנא we must not use up the stock, i.e. you may buy another ass for the carcass, but not hire one. the same place (ibid.) Munich manuscript לכַלּוּיֵי קרנא לא חיישינן (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8) and as for using up the stock, we need not take that into consideration. Bava Kamma 3ᵃ דמְכַלְּיָא קרנא when the obnoxious subject destroys the object itself (not only the fruits). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּלִיto be closed up, withheld; to refrain. Targum Onkelos Genesis 8, 2. Targum Proverbs 3, 27; and frequently ↗ original
כְּלֵי ² , Af. אַכְלֵי (see the preceding) [to assemble, call together (compare אוֹכְלוֹסָא),] to call, give a signal. Targum Jeremiah 1, 15. Targum Zephaniah, Book of 2, 15; and elsewhere (of the lion) to roar; to shout, thunder etc. Targum Psalms 104, 21, see אַכְלִי. the same place (ibid.) 29, 3. the same place (ibid.) 74, 4; and elsewhere—Bava Bathra 5ᵃ עיזא בעלמא אַכְלוּיֵי מַכְלִינָן בה see Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word כל; (incorr. in editions לאו לאכלויי בעיא) as to a goat, we need only shout at her (to drive her off). the same place (ibid.) ולאו גברא בעי לאכלויי Rashi (edition דמיכלי, read דמַכְלֵי) and need you not a man to shout at her?; [other opinion we need only keep her off, see the preceding] ↗ original
כְּלִיבָה (see כְּלוּב) box, consisting of movable tenoned links. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 9, 1 כ׳ של חייטין the tailors’ box.—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Ănokhi, p. 138ᵃ ונתנום בכ׳ and put them (the Cherubs of the Temple) in a box; and elsewhere—Esp. coffin with bier. Moed Katan 27ᵃ, and the following ועניים בכ׳ (not בכליכה) and the poor were carried out on a common bier; opposite דרגש; Tosefta Niddah 9, 16 בכְלִיבָא. Parah 12, 9 קרן של כ׳ the movable support of the bier, Maimonides; (other opinion: the ring for keeping the corpse in position). Echah Rabbah to 3, 16 כליבא. ↗ original
כַּלִּיד (χάλις, -ιδος, only in χαλιδοφόρος; κύλιξ, κάλιξ, calix) cup. Targum 2 Chronicles 4, 5. Targum Onkelos Genesis 44, 12, and elsewhere (variant reading ק׳, see Berlin edition Targum Onkelos 2, p. 16). Targum Psalms 11, 6; and elsewhere—plural כַּלִּידִין. Targum Jeremiah 35, 5. calyx of flowers. plural as ab. Targum Exodus 25, 33, and the following (manuscript I ק׳). ↗ original
כִּלְיָה , see כּוֹלְיָא) kidney. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 2, beginning 8ᵇ. Chullin 55ᵃ כוליא; and frequently—plural כְּלָיוֹת, construct state כִּלְיוֹת. the same place (ibid.) 3, 2. Berachoth 61ᵃ, and elsewhere, see יָעַץ. Tanchuma Vayigg. 11, and elsewhere כִּלְיוֹתָיו, see כַּד 2; and frequently the belly of a stove. Bava Bathra 2, 11 כליא (Manuscript Florence a. H. כיליא). the same place (ibid.) 20ᵇ כ׳ דתנור טפח the protuberance of the belly of the stove is one hand-breadth beyond the rim; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 3 כיליא edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading כִּלְיָיה, כּוּלְיָיה). [R. Ḥănanel: כיליא = κοιλία.] ↗ original
כְּלָיָיה (כָּלָה) destruction, diminution, extinction. Avoth 5, 8 רעב של כ׳ a destructive famine (general miscrop). Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᶜ bottom of the page Sanhedrin 63ᵃ נתחייבו שונאיהם … כ׳ the enemies of Israel (censorial change רשעיהם, euphem. for Israel) would have been condemned to destruction. Bereshith Rabbah section 10 אין ויכלו … לשון כ׳ vaykhullu (Genesis 2, 1) has the meaning of affliction, of diminution (referring to the reduction of the planetary courses after Adam’s sin). Bereshith Rabbah section 49 (explained כלה, Genesis 18, 21) כ׳ הן חייבין they deserve extinction; [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis the passage cited כַּלַּיָּיה עבדו גמירא, read: עבדו כְּלָיָיה גמירא]. Mechilta Beshallach, Shirah, section 5 גמרת … כ׳ thou hast passed the verdict of destruction etc.; and frequently ↗ original
כָּלִילentire, especially Kalil, a sacrifice burnt entirely. Sifra Tsav, Parah 3, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 5; Menachoth 51ᵇ בכ׳ תקטר shall be burned as a Kalil. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, 19ᵇ top קריבה בכלול is offered as a K.—Menachoth 74ᵃ; and elsewhere—Tosefta Parah 1, 2; Zevachim 5, 4 כ׳ לאישים, see אִישֶּׁה. ↗ original
כְּלִיל common gender (כְּלַל) circle, wreath, crown. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 25, 11. Targum Numbers 6, 7 (Hebrew text נֵזֶר). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 14, 1 כ׳ דיסער (compare כִּלְכּוּל). the same place (ibid.) 34, 5 fem. (also כְּלִילַת construct state). Targum Isaiah 28, 5; and frequently—Shabbath 152ᵃ, see חִילְפָא 2. Bereshith Rabbah section 98, end (referring to נזיר, Genesis 49, 26) כְּלִילֵיהוֹן דאחוך the crown of thy brothers. Gittin 7ᵃ כ׳ לברתיה a bridal wreath for his daughter. Bava Bathra 4ᵃ, see יָילָא; and elsewhere—plural כְּלִילַיָּא, כְּלִילָן, כְּלִילֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy the passage cited Targum Job 31, 36. Targum Judges 8, 26 edition Lagarde edition (other edition sing.); and elsewhere—Bava Bathra 16ᵇ כלילי הוו להו Munich manuscript (edition sing.) they had wreaths (each dedicated to a friend). דמי כ׳ or כ׳ coronation tax (aurum coronarium, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word). the same place (ibid.) 8ᵃ כההוא דמי כ׳ וכ׳ as in the case of a coronation tax which they put on the city of Tiberias. the same place (ibid.) פקע כ׳ (Munich manuscript בטל) the tax was repealed. כ׳ מלכא or כ׳ melilot. Kethuboth 77ᵇ. Shabbath 109ᵇ חד כ׳ one dose of melilot.—plural כְּלִילֵי. the same place (ibid.) חמשא כ׳ five parts of melilot (Rashi: roses). [Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 2, 81ᵈ bottom of the page וגנבון מנהין כליליא, read: כל ליליא.] ↗ original
כְּלִילָאֵי (see the preceding) coronation tax. Megillah Taanith 2 אתנטילו כ׳ the coronation tax was remitted (see I Makkoth 13, 39); [Scholion to Megillah Taanith: wreaths, an idolatrous rite forced upon the Jews by the Syrians.] ↗ original
כָּלִינוֹס (χαλινός) bridle. Tanchuma Balak 13 כלבוס (correct accordingly); Bamidbar Rabbah section 20 בלינוס; Ylamdenu to Numbers 23, 5 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see פָּקַם.—Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 24 לסוס שיש לו כלינס Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כלים נאים, variant reading כלונס, correct accordingly) like a horse which is bridled. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 4, 7 כלינס, כלוניס, כולוניס (correct accordingly). Pesikta Rabbati section 42 בל׳ (correct accordingly) ↗ original
כְּלִינִידִין (χλανίδιον meant for χλαμύδιον, compare Cast. Lex. Syriac (Peshitta) under the word) a fine mantle, an officer’s distinction. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 29ᵃ top, see זוֹנָרָא. ↗ original
כָּלִיס , plural כְּלִיסִים, כְּלִיסִין (כלס, enlarg. of כל; compare Ges. H. Dictionary10 under the word כרשׂ) bags. Tosefta Kilayim 5, 26 אהולין והכ׳ הגרגים וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) tents and bags, filters etc., see אכסלי.—Transferred pods, a dehiscent fruit, similar to carob. Terumoth 11, 4 כ׳ וחרובים k’lisin and carobs; ʿUktsin 1, 6 כְּלוּ׳ (Maimonides: a species of figs, see כְּלוּפְסִין).—Chullin 67ᵇ (a species of peas, Rashi); Sifra Sh’mini, Parah 10, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12, and elsewhere יתושין שבכ׳ the bugs found in etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 45ᵇ bottom of the page Tosefta Terumoth 5, 7; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 3, beginning 65ᶜ; and elsewhere—[ʿUktsin 3, 2, see בּוּלְבּוֹס. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 2, 50ᵃ, see כְּלוּפְסִין.] ↗ original
כַּלָּךְ (see כּוּלְכָא) cissaros-blossoms, a woolly substance, see אַגְבִּין. Kilayim 9, 2, explained Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 32ᵃ top אגבין קיסריי. Shabbath 2, 1. the same place (ibid.) 20ᵇ היינו כ׳ this (metaxa) is kallakh. the same place (ibid.); Menachoth 39ᵇ השיראים והכ׳ וכ׳ (garments of) silk, K. etc. (see סְרִיקִין). Shabbath 27ᵃ. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 9 (10), 3 צמר כ׳ Kallakh wool. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 5, 11 כולך edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 28, 8 כלך). ↗ original
כַּלֵּךְ (contracted of כַּלֵּה וָלֵךְ, see כָּלָה) cease and turn!, go! Yevamoth 44ᵃ כ׳ אצל שכמותך turn towards one corresponding to thine own age. Bava Metzia 22ᵃ כ׳ אצל יפות go to better fruits (to take T’rumah from); Eruvin 71ᵃ. Bava Bathra 164ᵇ כ׳ מלשון וכ׳ turn away from this kind of slander. Sifra Thazr., Nega'im, Parah 2, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2 או כ׳ לדרך זו or turn this way, i.e. I may argue thus; (the same place (ibid.) Emor, Parah 12, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 17 או לכה וכ׳). the same place (ibid.) Vayikra, Ḥobah, Parah 7, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 11 או כ׳ לך (correct accordingly); and elsewhere ↗ original
כִּלְכּוּל (כִּלְכֵּל) hair-crown (compare כְּלִילָא), front hair from temple to temple. Shabbath 8, 4 (78ᵇ) כדי לעשות כ׳ (Babylonian edition כלכל; Munich manuscript כדי לסוד כי׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) enough to produce a crown by depilation of undergrowth. the same place (ibid.) 80ᵇ, see אַנְדִּיפֵי. Nazir 3ᵃ (referring to Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 1, 1 הריני מכלכל) how do we know דהאי כ׳ שערו הוא that this vow refers to letting the hair grow?—Niddah 52ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6, 6 (referring to the hair around the pudenda as evidence of maturity) כ׳ זה איני יודע (מהו) about this kilkul I know nothing. support, sustenance. Nazir the passage cited אימא מיזן עניי I may say that the kilkul (of the Mishnah, see above) means supporting the poor. ↗ original
כַּלְכִּיד (χαλκίς, -ίδος) chalkis, a small fish resembling sardines (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 6, 39ᶜ bottom of the page if one says, I will taste no דָּגָה, אינו … אלא בכ׳ he is forbidden ony ch. (small fish). the same place (ibid.)ᵈ top כיל׳ אנא טעים I feel as if I were eating ch.—the same place (ibid.) לית … והוא זבין ליה כ׳ is it not often the case when a man says to his neighbor, buy me a fish, that he will buy ch. for him?—Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 3, 20ᵈ top כלבודא (correct accordingly); Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵃ top (סלק׳) כלקורא, read: כַּלְקִידָא. ↗ original
כִּלְכֵּל [to surround,] to provide with everything; to sustain. Nazir 3ᵃ, see כִּלְכּוּל. Berachoth 58ᵇ וכ׳ אתכם בדין וכ׳ and provided for you (while alive) in justice, and gathered you in justice. (compare כְּלִילָא) to raise a crown of hair, to be a nazir. Nazir 1, 1 הריני מְכַלְכֵּל I will grow a crown (as a substitute for, ‘I will be a nazir’, see כִּינּוּי). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 51ᵇ top כאומר הריני מן המְכַלְכְּלִין as if he said, I will be one of those who wear a crown of hair.—Tosefta Niddah 6, 6; Niddah 52ᵇ עד שתְּכַלְכֵּל (euphem.) until she has a full growth of hair (around the pudenda).— denominative of כֶּלִי) to arm, fit out. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 7 א"ל הקב"ה ולא אני כלכלתי בה (read: כִּלְכַּלְתּיו) said the Lord to him (Doëg), is it not I that fitted him (David) out with it (the sword of Goliath deposited in the Sanctuary)?—[The entire sentence is missing in edition Buber edition; note 69 ad loc. (on the passage) quotes frequently mss. קלקלתי.] Nithpalp. נִתְכַּלְכֵּלto be supported. Pesikta Rabbati section 4 אליהו נ׳ וכ׳ (not נתבלבל) Elijah was supported by the woman of Zarephath. ↗ original
כַּלְכָּלָה (preceding article) support, provision. Berachoth 44ᵃ על המחיה ועל הכ׳ (be blessed etc.) for sustenance and support. supply, especially basket containing chosen fruits designated for use. Eduy. 4, 10 (9); Maasroth 4, 2 כַּלְכָּלַת שבת supply of fruits for the Sabbath (not for sale). the same place (ibid.) הלוקט הכ׳ וכ׳ he who selects figs to send as a present. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 51ᵇ כ׳ שבת אינה וכ׳ Sabbath supply must not be sold. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 2, end, 41ᵈ תאינים שבכ׳ figs in the provision basket, opposite מוּקְצֶה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 1, 21ᶜ bottom of the page כ׳ אחת וכ׳ there is only one basketful (of the late fruits) which I reserve etc. Vayikra Rabbah section 33, beginning כ׳ של תאנים a basket of figs for use (subject to tithes even for luncheon, see טֶבֶל); and frequently—plural כַּלְכָּלוֹת. Demai 7, 6; and frequently ↗ original
כָּלַל see כּוּל) to surround, comprise, include. Bereshith Rabbah section 4 חזר וכְלָלָן כולן וכ׳ (not וכללו כולו) he again included them all in the praise (Genesis 1, 31). Shevuoth 23ᵇ בכוֹלֵל המותרים וכ׳ when he (in his vow) includes permitted things as well as forbidden things. the same place (ibid.) 24ᵃ, and frequently איסור כולל, see אִיסּוּר. Rosh Hashanah 4, 5 וכולל מלכיות עמהן and inserts that section of prayers concerning the divine rulership, see מַלְכוּת; and frequently—participle pass. כָּלוּל, feminine כְּלוּלָה a) included. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 5, 32ᶜ bottom of the page ירידת גשמים כ׳ וכ׳ the praise for the rain-fall is included therein (Psalms 135, 7); Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 67ᵃ, end.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᶜ top עשרת הדברות כְּלוּלִין בהן the Ten Commandments are contained therein.—b) entire, see כָּלִיל. to generalize (see כְּלָל). Bava Kamma 63ᵃ חזר (הדר) וכ׳ the text generalizes again.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 4, 44ᵇ top טוחנין … כוללין, read: כּוֹבְרִין, see כָּבַר.] Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְלָלto be implied, to be stated in general terms, opposite נפרט. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 7, 21ᵈ top דברים שנִכְלָלוּ ונפרטו things which have been stated both implicitly and specifically. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּילֵּלto crown. Tanchuma R’eh 7 אם נוצחין … ומְכַלְּלִין אותו when they (the legions) are victorious, they come and make a wreath, and crown him (the king). to include, imply. participle pass. מְכוּלָּל, plural מְכוּלָּלִיםenclosed (as a germ), potential. Bereshith Rabbah section 10 (referring to ויכלו, Genesis 2, 1) מ׳ היו המעשים things had been created potentially, and then they developed more and more.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵃ top יכללו, read: יִבָּלֲלוּ, see בָּלַל.] Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְלִילto crown, finish, perfect. participle pass, מוּכְלָל. Yoma 54ᵇ (explained מכלל, Psalms 50, 2) מציון מ׳ יופיו וכ׳ from Zion the beauty of the world was perfected (by religion). [Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 11, end מוכללת, read: מוּבְלֶלֶת, see בָּלַל.] ↗ original
כְּלַלto surround, crown. Targum Song of Songs 3, 11. (denominative of כּוֹלָּא) to make whole, combine. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 75ᵇ bottom of the page לינן חזרין וכָלְלִין לון do we not again combine them (the separated portions)? Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּלֵּילto surround, crown. Targum Psalms 5, 13. (see כִּילָה, כִּילְתָא I) to prepare a bridal room. Bava Metzia 101ᵇ כַּלְּלֵיה לבריח if the owner of the rented dwelling gave it to his son as a bridal room (Rashi: if he was making preparations for his son’s wedding, and needed the dwelling for the young couple). Bereshith Rabbah section 70; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 125 כולי יומא הוו מְכַלְּלִין (ביה) ליה the whole day they were helping him to prepare the bridal chamber (decorating it). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְלֵילto crown, surround. Targum Psalms 65, 12. the same place (ibid.) 103, 4; and elsewhere—[Kiddushin 81ᵇ מכלליה, read: מכלי להו, see כְּלֵי I.] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיתְכַּלֵּל, אִיכַּלֵּל,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיכְּלִילto be crowned, to adorn one’s self. Bereshith Rabbah section 34, beginning (explained Psalms 142, 8) יִתְכַּלְּלוּן בי וכ׳ the righteous shall adorn themselves with me. to be led into the bridal room, be married. Megillah 27ᵇ כי איכ׳ רבה וכ׳ when his son R. was to marry. ↗ original
כְּלָל (the preceding words) general rule, principle. Sifra K’dosh., Parah 2, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4 (referring to Leviticus 19, 18) זה כ׳ גדול וכ׳ this (‘love thy neighbor as thyself’) is the most important principle in the Law. Shabbath 7, 1. Chullin 3, 1 זה הכ׳ this is the general rule; and very frequently—Transferred בִּכְלַל, לִכְלַלunder the influence of. Sifré Numbers 157 לפי שהיה בכ׳ כעס בא לכ׳ טעות because he was under the influence of anger, he came under the influence of mistaken judgment; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 786; and frequently community. Berachoth 49ᵇ לעולם אל … מן הכ׳ a person must never exclude himself from the community (by saying, ‘Praise ye’, instead of ‘Let us praise’). Mechilta Bo., Pisḥa, section 18 ולפי שהוציא … מן הכ׳ וכ׳ and as he excluded himself from the community (by saying ‘you’) etc.; and elsewhere total, sum. Bava Bathra 123ᵃ בכְלָלָן אתה וכ׳ as their sum total you find seventy (Genesis 46, 27), whereas the detailed record counts only sixty nine. generalization, statement by implication, opposite פרט specification; inclusion, comprehension under a class. Berachoth 26ᵇ, and frequently עד ועד בכ׳, see עַד.—Sifra introduction מכ׳ ופרט מפרט וּכְ׳ וכ׳ interpretation based upon a general law followed by specification, or specification followed by generalization. the same place (ibid.) כל דבר שהיה בכ׳ וכ׳ when a law is once laid down in general, and in another place a specification is given (e.g. Leviticus 7, 37, a. the same place (ibid.) 20), it is stated specifically not for its own sake alone, but as applicable to the whole class. the same place (ibid.) beginning מכ׳ ופרט וּכְ׳ אי אתה דן וכ׳ if a general rule is followed by a specification and this again by a generalization, you must be guided by the specification (e.g. Deuteronomy 14, 26). Tosefta Sotah 8, 10; Sotah 37ᵃ ברוך בכ׳ … ארור בכ׳ וכ׳ ‘blessed be’ was pronounced on Mount Gerizim in general (corresp. to the general curse, Deuteronomy 27, 26) and was specified (corresp. to the same place (ibid.) 15—25) ; ‘cursed be’ was pronounced on Mount Ebal in general (the same place (ibid.) 26) etc.; and frequently—מִכְּ׳ by implication. Nedarim 11ᵃ, and frequently מכ׳ לאו אתה שומע הן from no you understand yes, see הֵן.—Pesachim 16ᵇ שהותרה מִכְּלָלָהּ וכ׳ which was permitted (dispensed with), by implication, for a community (if unclean, derived frequently Numbers 9, 2, see Pesachim 77ᵃ). Chullin 37ᵇ מכ׳ דטרפה וכ׳ this proves by implication that t’refah is not the same as etc.; and very frequently—לאו … כ׳ not at all (compare כְּלוּם). the same place (ibid.) 20ᵇ; and frequently—[Mechilta Bo, beginning כ׳ לדברות, read: כֶּלִי.]—plural כְּלָלוֹת (fem.). Nazir 48ᵇ. Sotah 37ᵇ. Eruvin 27ᵃ אין למדין מן הכ׳ וכ׳ from general rules (the use of the word כל, as the same place (ibid.) 3, 1) we must not derive anything, not even when an exception is stated (as there may be other exceptions); and frequently—Shemoth Rabbah section 32, beginning כְּלָלִים. ↗ original
כְּלָלָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 27, 26 ברכתא בכ׳ וכ׳ blessings in general etc. (see Sotah 37ᵃ quoted in the preceding).—Shabbath 147ᵃ, and frequently נקוט האי כ׳ בידך take this as a rule. Bava Metzia 103ᵇ, and elsewhere כ׳ דמילתא the general rule is etc. Chullin 95ᵃ הא דרב לא בפירוש איתמר אלא מכ׳ איתמר this opinion of Rab has not been delivered explicitly but only arrived at by implication; Berachoth 9ᵃ; and frequently—Yevamoth 21ᵇ וכ׳ הוא is this rule without exceptions?—Shevuoth 26ᵃ אהני כ׳ לאתויי וכ׳ the generalization (after specification) has the effect of including etc.; and very frequently—plural כְּלָלִין, כְּלָלַיָא, כְּלָלֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 1, 40ᶜ לית (כללי׳) כְּלָלוֹי דרבי כ׳ the general rules of Rabbi (in the Mishnah; expressions like זה הכלל or הכל, כל etc.) are not without exceptions. Kethuboth 60ᵃ לא … להני כ׳ דכייל וכ׳ do not heed those rules which my brother … laid down. Bereshith Rabbah section 33 [read:] אליף … כל כ׳ דאורייתא ואילין אינון הלכתא דבבלאי (see ‘Rashi’ ad loc. (on the passage)) he taught Rab … all the general rules (of interpretation) of the Law, and these became the guiding laws of the Babylonians. ↗ original
כָּלַםto be restrained, to be retired. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְלָםto be retired, (compare כְּזַז) to be put to shame, be rebuked. Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9 (referring to Numbers 12, 14) שתִּכָּלֵם ז׳ ימים that she should live in retirement for seven days (and not appear before the king); (Sifré Numbers 106 שתהא מוּכְלֶמֶת). Berachoth 16ᵇ שלא נבוש ולא נִכָּלֵם מאבותינו (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 4) that we may not be put to shame and not be abashed when compared with our fathers (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 7ᵈ bottom of the page שלא נבוש מאבותינו לעו"הב). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 14 בהִכָּלְמוֹ in his shyness. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְלִיםto cause to retire, to rebuke, shame. Kiddushin 31ᵃ bottom of the page ולא הִכְלִימָהּ and he did not scold her. the same place (ibid.) 31ᵇ כלום … ולא הִכְלַמְתָּהּ did she (thy mother) throw a bag of money into the sea in thy presence, and thou didst not reproach her?—Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 4, 3 עד מתי אתם מַכְלִימִין וכ׳ how long will you slander me and my dignity?; and elsewhere—participle Hof. מוּכְלָם, feminine מוּכְלֶמֶת, see above. ↗ original
כְּלַם [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 29, 4 כלמו, variant reading בלמו, read: בָּלַת or בְּלִיאוּ, see בְּלֵי 1.] Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְלֵם as the precedingHif'il Targum I Samuel 20, 34. the same place (ibid.) 1, 16; and elsewhere—Bava Kamma 86ᵃ bottom of the page דמַכְלְמוּ ליה ומִיכְּלֵם when you rebuke the child and he shrinks back in shame; the same place (ibid.) 86ᵇ (not דמיכלמו).—participle passive מַכְלַם. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 12, 12ᵈ bottom of the page והיא מַכְלְמָה עלך and she (the young woman) will be put to shame on account of thee (the old man); the same place (ibid.) והוא מכלמה וכ׳ (read: מַכְלַם). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיתְכַּלֵּם,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיתְכְּלַם, אִיכְּלַם as the precedingNif'al Targum Onkelos Numbers 12, 14. Targum 2 Samuel 10, 5; and elsewhere—Bava Kamma the passage cited, see above. ↗ original
*כְּלָמָא (the preceding) refraining, warding off.—plural כְּלָמֵי. Bava Metzia 103ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (manuscript כלומ׳, edition בְּלָמָא which see). ↗ original
כְּלָמוּס (χλαμύς) chlamys, officer’s cloak (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word). Ylamdenu to Genesis 25, 23; 25, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), corresp. to the Jewish garment טַלִּית, see כֹּכְלָא.—Tanchuma Vayera, edition Buber edition, 21 [read:] כל הימים … היה מהלך בסגון כיון שנכנס הלביש הכלמוס שלו (see the same place (ibid.) notes 124; 125) as long as he was on the road, he travelled in a sagum (common soldier’s cloak), when he entered to take office, he put on the chlamys; Bereshith Rabbah section 50, beginning כפגן … כקאלמין; Vayikra Rabbah section 26 כפגן … כקלאמין; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 84 כגפ׳ … כקאלמין (read: בסגון … בכְלָאמִין or בקְלָאמִין). ↗ original
כַּלְמְתָא (collect. noun; a dialect. adapt. of Hebrew [nesting, compare כלם,] vermin. Targum Onkelos Exodus 8, 12 and the following ק׳ (cod. 10 כ׳, see Berlin edition Targum Onkelos 2, p. 21).—כַּלְמֵי, קַ׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) ק׳.—Berachoth 51ᵇ ממהדורי … כ׳ from peddlers comes gossip, from rags—vermin. Niddah 20ᵇ כ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word סרק: קלמי). ↗ original
כָּלָּן , Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 20ᵈ bottom of the page, see כּוֹל↗ original
כְּלָנִידְיָיא (χλανίδιον,—ια) fine cloaks for women. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵇ bottom of the page כ׳ (explained הרעלות, Isaiah 3, 19; not ב׳). ↗ original
כלעס , Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 46ᵃ ואיתכ׳, see בַּלְעֵס↗ original
כְּלַפֵּי (= כִּ (וון) לאפי, see אַף, אַפָּא a. כּוּן)directed towards, opposite, against. Targum Job 24, 15; and elsewhere—Sanhedrin 6, 4 פניו כ׳ העם his (the culprit’s) face towards the people; כ׳ העץ towards the cross. the same place (ibid.) 105ᵃ, see חוּצְפָּא. Pesachim 8ᵇ כ׳ שאמרה תורה in the face of what (considering that) the Law says; Yerushalmi (prefix) Makkoth 2, 31ᵈ top כ׳ שנאמר; and frequently—כ׳ לייא, אליה, see אַלְיָה. ↗ original
כַּלַּקְטֵירִין (masculine plural χαρακτῆρες) features of the face. Vayikra Rabbah section 23 הריני צר את כל קטורין וכ׳ (correct accordingly) I will shape his features in resemblance to etc.; Pesikta Rabbati section 24 בלקטרים, בלקטירים (correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) יושב וצר בל׳ וכ׳ (correct accordingly) was painting the picture of the ruler (Vayikra Rabbah the passage cited איקונין). [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word קנכתר: קנכתירין.]—5. also כּוֹלֶּקְטָר. ↗ original
כַּלְקִיס (Χαλκίς) Chalkis, a town of Cœlesyria. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᶜ bottom of the page פליטת … במדינת כ׳ וכ׳ refugee scholars in the city of Chaldaic and in Beth Zibdin; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 66ᵃ (כול׳) בולקוס; Megillah Taanith 12 בליקו׳ (correct accordingly). [Schol. to Megillah Taanith defining our word: במדינת קוסליקוס, probably a corruption of Cœlesyria.] ↗ original
כלרייה , Tosefta Bava Kamma 7, 4 את הכ׳ some edition, read: דייה, את הכל. ↗ original
כַּלְּתָא , bride; daughter-in-law. Targum Isaiah 61, 10 (edition Vilna edition כַּלְתָּא). Targum Genesis 11, 31; and frequently—Gittin 57ᵃ כי הוו מפקי חתנא וכ׳ when they led forth bride and groom in procession. Bava Bathra 143ᵇ כַּלְּתֵיה his daughter-in-law. Meïl. 19ᵃ דהבא דכלתיה דנון the gold ware of the daughter-in-law of Nun (which was found to have lost in weight); and frequently—[Targum Job 15, 32 וכַלְתַיה, see כִּילְתָא I.]—plural כַּלָּתָא, כַּלָּתָה, כַּלָּן. Targum Ruth 1, 6. Targum Jeremiah 7, 34.—Meïl. the passage cited דהבא דרמיין כַּלָּתָיךְ the gold ware which thy daughters-in-law cast carelessly about (by which they wear off). Kethuboth 17ᵃ משרי קמי כ׳ they sang before (the processions of) brides. Yevamoth 21ᵇ כלתה דבי … the daughters-in-law of the house of … (where there were wives of his daughter’s sons and wives of his son’s sons).—5. כַּלַּיָּיה, כַּלִּין. ↗ original
כְּמָא (see כְּ־ a. מָא) (followed by ד־) like that which. Targum Judges 11, 39 and frequently [Usu.: הֵיךְ מָא, הֵיכְמָא.]— (mostly כמה) how! how many!, how much!, how long!; (also interrog.) how much? etc. Targum Psalms 139, 17. the same place (ibid.) 35, 17; and frequently—Bereshith Rabbah section 6 כ׳ נפשיה וכ׳ how the soul of this man’s (my) brother is now chopping cedars and sawing etc. (is in the agony of death)! (Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 743, only נפשיה וכ׳). Yoma 22ᵇ, see חֲלִי. Berachoth 14ᵇ כ׳ מעליא וכ׳ how excellent etc. Bava Metzia 86ᵃ כ׳ ככרין וכ׳ how many cakes of nardus do we owe to etc.!—Moed Katan 16ᵇ כל כ׳ דהוה וכ׳ as long as etc.; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 41ᵃ top כְּמָן קטל how many of them did he kill? ↗ original
כְּמַאי (see the preceding) as much as. Yoma 43ᵇ כ׳ דמסיק וכ׳ (variant reading כמה) as much as a fox carries (on its feet) from a ploughed field; (Niddah 65ᵇ כדמסיק). ↗ original
כַּמֶּה (the preceding words) how much?, how many? Kiddushin 9ᵇ ב׳ אתה נותן וכ׳ how much (dowry) wilt thou give etc.? Berachoth 14ᵃ עד כ׳ up to how much? the same place (ibid.) 30ᵇ כ׳ ישהה וכ׳ how long must he pause between etc.?; and frequently how!, how many!, how much! Shabbath 12ᵇ כ׳ גדולים דברי וכ׳ how grand are the words of etc.; and frequently—על אחת כ׳ וכ׳, see אֶחָד. (I don’t know) how many, many. Moed Katan 16ᵇ איבדתי כ׳ דוד מפניו I should have destroyed many Davids for his sake. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 5, 30ᵃ bottom of the page לאחר כ׳ ימים after ever so many days. the same place (ibid.) אפי כ׳ even much longer; and frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 1, 51ᵈ top גבוה מכמה, probably to be read: מכ׳ אמה = מעשרים the same place (ibid.)] ↗ original
כְּמֵהוֹת common gender plural (כָּמַהּ to be hot, to thirst, long for) a kind of mushroom, morils. Bereshith Rabbah section 69, beginning (referring to כמה, Psalms 63, 2) ככ׳ הללו שהן מצפין וכ׳ like those morils which look out for water; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 119 כַּכְּמֵהִיּוֹת (not כמ׳); Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 786 כאמבטאות (correct accordingly). Nedarim 55ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 48ᵈ top, כ׳ ופטריות morils and truffles which are not planted; Berachoth 40ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original
כְּמֵהִין Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 5, end, 63ᵇ ↗ original
כְּמוֹ see כְּמָה) as, like. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 246 הקשו לבם כ׳ אבן they made their hearts hard like stones (Mechilta Beshallach, Shirah, section 5 כאבן). With suffixes: כָּמוֹנִי, כָּמוֹךָ etc. like me, like thee etc. Nedarim 9ᵇ, see כְּמוֹת. Mechilta the passage cited, section 8; and frequently—5. כְּמוֹת. ↗ original
כמון , a word in a charm formula. Shabbath 67ᵃ (see next words). ↗ original
כַּמּוֹןcumin. Demai 2, 1. Terumoth 10, 4 בכ׳ של וכ׳ with cumin stalks of T’rumah. ↗ original
כַּמּוֹנָא Targum Isaiah 28, 25; 27.—Avodah Zarah 29ᵃ, see כְּרַוְיָא.—plural כְּמוֹנַיָּא, כְּמוֹנֵי. Shabbath 67ᵃ כמוניא (Rashi: כמוני; Munich manuscript singular), see בִּינְתָא I. ↗ original
כָּמוֹנָא (כְּמַן) insidiousness, crafty plan. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 21, 14 (Hebrew text ערמה).—5. כְּמָנָא. ↗ original
כְּמוֹת (= כְּמוֹ את, compare כְּוָת) like, as. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 54ᵈ כ׳ שהוא מוכר according to the selling price. Shabbath 51ᵃ, and frequently כ׳ שהוא (חי) in its natural condition (raw). Kethuboth 17ᵃ כלה כ׳ שהיא the bride at weddings must be praised according to her perfections (without exaggeration); and frequently—With suffixes: כְּמוֹתִי, כְּמוֹתְךָ etc. like myself, like thyself etc. Bava Metzia 59ᵇ אם הלכה כ׳ if the law is in accordance with my opinion, see כְּוָת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 1, 36ᵈ bottom of the page כ׳ ירבו וכ׳ may there be many like thee etc.; (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 9ᵇ כָּמוֹךָ). Berachoth 5, 5, and frequently שלוחו של אדם כְּמוֹתוֹ a man’s messenger is like himself, i.e. action by proxy is legal; and frequently ↗ original
כָּמַךְ , masculine (Pers. Kâmakh, Arab. Kâmaḥ, Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Talmud Dictionary 2, 4522) Kamakh, a Persian sauce of milk, curdled milk etc.; compare כּוּתָּח. Niddah 51ᵇ שבת העשויה לכ׳ dill intended to be put into the k↗ original
כָּמְכָא Pesachim 30ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כותחא). the same place (ibid.) 76ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כותחא). Horayoth 12ᵃ Munich manuscript (edition כות׳). Chullin 112ᵃ; and elsewhere ↗ original
כָּמַן (compare כָּמַר) [to be heated in the ground,] to be hidden, lie in wait. *. כִּמֵּןto hide fruits in the ground. Maasroth 4, 1 המְכַמֵּן Mishnah a. Babylonian edition (Munich manuscript המכמיר, Yerushalmi (prefix) edition המכמר, see כָּמַר). Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְמִיןto keep witnesses hidden, a proceeding applied only against seducers to idolatry (see מֵסִית). Sanhedrin 7, 10 מַכְמִינִין לו עדים וכ׳ the court puts witnesses in wait for him behind an enclosure. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 16, 15ᵈ bottom of the page; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 8, 21ᶜ top המַכְמִין עדיו וכ׳ he who keeps witnesses hidden (while eliciting a confession of indebtedness from his debtor), has done nothing, i.e. the confession has no legal consequences. ↗ original
כְּמַן Targum Onkelos Exodus 21, 13; and frequently—participle כָּמֵין, feminine (כָּמְנָא) כָּמֵינָא. Targum Jeremiah 9, 3 מִכְמַן כ׳ (Hebrew text עקב יעקב). Targum Proverbs 7, 12.—Koheleth Rabbah to 4, 14; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 9, see כַּשְׂכֵּשׂ. Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּמֵּיןto hide, cover. Targum Proverbs 10, 18 מְכַמֵּין manuscript (edition מַכְמֵיןHif'il).—participle passive מְכַמַּןlurking. Targum Lamentations 3, 10 (edition Amsterdam edition מְכַמֵּן; Hebrew text אׄרֵב). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְמִיןsame, see above.—2) as the precedingHif'il Sanhedrin 29ᵇ. ↗ original
כְּמָנָא (the preceding words) ambush, trap; insidiousness. Targum Judges 9, 35. Targum 2 Samuel 13, 32 (edition Lagarde edition כְּמֵינָא; Hebrew text שימה); and elsewhere—plural כְּמָנַיָּא, construct state כְּמָנֵי. Targum I Chronicles 1, 20 (edition Lagarde edition כמינא). Targum Psalms 10, 8; 10.—5. כָּמוֹנָא. ↗ original
כְּמָנָה —plural כְּמָנוֹת. Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 804 … אין שאין בה כ׳ there is no road on which ambushes are not to be apprehended; Sifré the same place (ibid.) 20 מקומות (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כִּמָּנוֹן (the preceding words) craft, artfulness. Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 14 (explained מצודים the same place (ibid.)) כ׳ ועקמון Craft and Trap (allegorical names of towers); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 989 כַּמָּן; Bereshith Rabbah section 33 עַקְמָן וכַמְנָן Tricky and Wily. ↗ original
כָּמַסto hide, store away. participle passive כָּמוּס. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 165 הוא כ׳ מעינינו he is hidden from our sight; Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 48.—5. כּוֹמְסָה. ↗ original
כְּמָס (the preceding) subterranean prison (carcer). Yalkut Shimoni Hosea 532 בתחלה קורא אילוגין … נותן לו כ׳ וכ׳ first he reads the charge, then he strikes him (to extort confession), and then he assigns to him a prison etc.; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shub., p. 159ᵇ (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כְּמָס ² (see the preceding) store-room, cellar (Assyr. כמס, Schrader KAT2 p. 559). Bava Bathra 145ᵇ עתיר כ׳ rich of stores. ↗ original
כְּמֵסַת common gender (see מִסְּתָא; a phrase borrowed frequently Deuteronomy 16, 10; 17, see Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan); = Hebrew כְּדָיי) adequate, able, worthy. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Leviticus 23, 29 דכ׳ וכ׳ that is able (or of adequate age) to fast. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 20, 16. Targum 2 Samuel 7, 18; Targum I Chronicles 17, 16 לית אנא כ׳ I am not worthy (Hebrew text מי אנכי). ↗ original
כָּמַר see כָּמַהּ, [to heat,] to makeכּוֹמֶר (see כּוֹמֶר I), to produce shrinking and maturing of fruits by underground storage or by exposure to the sun. Tosefta Menachoth 9, 10 לא היו … וכוֹמְרִין אותן (variant reading וכורמין) they did not cut the grapes and let them shrink (before putting them in the press), but cut and immediately pressed them. Bava Metzia 89ᵇ ולא יִכְמוֹר באדמה וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) יְכַמֵּרPi'el, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 90) the laborer must not hide grapes in the ground (to eat them afterwards). (in a transferred sense) to watch, guard.—Denom. כּוֹמֶר 2. to lay a trap, see below. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּימֵּר,Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְמִירto hide in the ground, heat. Maasroth 4, 1, see כָּמַן. Bava Metzia the passage cited, see above. (denominative of מִכְמָר) to lay a trap, net. Tosefta Yevamoth 14, 6 שהיו מְכַמְּרִין מכמרות that were laying nets; Yevamoth 121ᵃ מְכַ׳ מכמורין; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 16, 15ᵈ top לִכְמוֹר מ׳. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְמַרto shrink, fall in by the effect of the heat, to tumble inward. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 10, beginning 12ᶜ נ׳ כתנור if the house fell in like a furnace, opposite נפל לחוץ. (in a transferred sense) with רחמים, to be bent over, to feel compassion (compare גִּלְגֵּל). Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 150 נִכְמְרוּ רחמיו של יוסף Joseph was moved to compassion; (Tanchuma Vayigg. 4 נתגלגלו ר׳). ↗ original
כְּמַרto hide, keep warm (corresp. to Hebrew טָמַן). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 4, beginning 6ᵈ (read:] כַּמְרָאִי גו גיפתא, see גִּיפְתָּא. the same place (ibid.) כַּמְרָהּ גו וכ׳ put it in etc. Bava Metzia 74ᵃ מחוסר מִכְמַר ועיולי וכ׳ requiring heating (of grapes) and carrying to the press. to shrink, be wrinkled. Pesachim 58ᵃ מכמר בישרא the shrinking and drying up of the meat (from lying over too long). (with רחמין as object) to feel compassion. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 13, 18. Targum Psalms 77, 10.—[Kiddushin 81ᵇ, see אִכְמַר.] ↗ original
כְּמַרְיָאתָא (the preceding words) withered, black fruits. Echah Rabbah to 5, 10 (explained נכמרו the same place (ibid.)) כאילין כ׳ wrinkled like withered fruits. ↗ original
כָּמַשׁ (compare כָּמַר) to wrinkle, wither. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 54ᵈ bottom of the page עד שיִכְמוֹשוּ until they are withered.—participle passive כָּמוּשׁ, feminine כְּמוּשָׁה; plural כְּמוּשִׁין, כְּמוּשׁוֹת. Vayikra Rabbah section 23; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 2 מה שושנה … והיא כ׳ וכ׳ as the lily, when the heat comes upon it, is withered, but blooms again when the dew falls … נראין כ׳ וכ׳ so does Israel … seem to be withered etc. Sukkah 31ᵃ bottom of the page כמושין withered fruits, contradistinguished to יבשין dried up; and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְמַשׁsame. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 1 נוחה להִכָּמֵשׁ withers easily. ↗ original
כְּמַשׁ Bava Bathra 16ᵇ וכיון דכַמְשֵׁי וכ׳ and when they withered, they knew (that an accident had befallen their friend).—participle כָּמִישׁ, plural כְּמִישִׁין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, end, 31ᶜ; Esther Rabbah to 1, 4, see זְלִיל↗ original
כְּמָת־ (see כְּמָא a. דִּכְמָא)like.—Targum Psalms 73, 15 דְּמִכְּמָתְהוֹן edition Lagarde edition (other edition דכמתהון) (something) which is of the nature of their speeches. ↗ original
כֵּן 1 see כִּי, so, thus. Berachoth 11ᵇ וכן הוא אומר and so we read; and very frequently—אם כן, אלא אם כן, see אִם.—לָכֵן for such a purpose. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 2, 53ᵇ bottom of the page דרכו ל׳ it is usually employed for such a purpose. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 7, beginning 24ᵇ ייחדו ל׳ he devoted it to such etc.—יתר על כן, יתר מִכֵּן, see יֶתֶר I. ↗ original
כֵּן , Chaldaic (Aramaic) same. Targum Isaiah 51, 6. Targum Onkelos Exodus 1, 12; and frequently—Berachoth 11ᵇ וכן אורי ליה וכ׳ and so taught R. El. etc.; and very frequently—בתר כן, contracted בְּכֵן, after this; therefore. Targum 2 Samuel 2, 1; and frequently—the same place (ibid.) 22, 47; and elsewhere—וּלְהָלָא מִבְּכֵן, וּלְהָלָה מִבְּכֵין from now and further on = Hebrew מכאן ואילך. Targum I Kings 14, 14.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, 14ᵈ ר"י מטתיה כן such (disease) befell R. J.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᵈ הוה ליה כן. the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page ימות ולא כן let him rather die than do this (idolatrous cure); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 6ᵇ top לָכֵן דאתינן (see the preceding) it is for this purpose that we came here (to be reminded of death).—דִּל כֵּן, דִּלָכֵן, see דִּל.—כל דכן, see כּוֹל.—כֵּינִי = כין היit is so; (interrog.) is it so, indeed? Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 2, 17ᵃ bottom of the page וכ׳ אלא כ׳ is that so? (No,) but it is thus. the same place (ibid.) 3, 17ᶜ top כ׳ (insert מתניתא); the same place (ibid.) 2, beginning 16ᵈ כ׳ מתניתא (not ב׳) so is the Mishnah to be read. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 3, beginning 9ᵃ וְאִין כ׳ but if this be so; and frequently ↗ original
כֵּן 2 , with suff. כַּנּ־, masculine (Biblical Hebrew; כּוּן or כָּנַן) base, stand, rest. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1 (referring to והנה חלום, I Kings 3, 15) החלום … על כַּנּוֹ the dream (after he awoke) remained standing on its firm stand (was realized); Yalkut Shimoni Kings 175. Yoma 5, 3, and the following הניחו על כ׳ וכ׳ he set it down on the stand. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 2, 17 מחוסרין כן vessels that have lost their rest; and frequently—plural כַּנִּים, construct state כַּנֵּי. Kelim 11, 3.— Transferred social status. Yevamoth 77ᵇ גיורת מכַּנָּהּ a proselyte of her own status, i.e. born after the conversion of her parents both of whom were of the same nation. (compare כּוּןPi'el) ruler. the same place (ibid.) 12, 8; Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 7, 12 הכן והכַּנָּה (variant reading והכַּנָּא) the ruler and that which is ruled (the writing material); other opinion: the ruled material and the ruler; [other opinion: (compare σταθμός) the base of the scales and the scales; other opinion the strike and the measure.] ↗ original
כַּנָּאbase, fixed place, line.—plural כַּנַּיָּיא. Berachoth 57ᵇ בכַנַּיְיהוּ חזי (Munich manuscript בב׳) he saw them (in his dream) in the regular places (as planted in the field). 5. כַּנְהָא. kanna, a small measure (see the preceding). Kethuboth 99ᵇ; Meïl. 21ᵇ כ׳ כ׳ בפרוטה each k. for a P’rutah (no reduction for larger quantities).—plural כַּנֵּי. the same place (ibid.) ↗ original
כִּנָּאlouse, see כִּינָּא. [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 38, 26 בכנא some edition, read: בדינא.] ↗ original
כַּנְדָּא 1 (κάνδυς, Pers.) a gown with wide sleeves.—plural כַּנְדֵּי. Moed Katan 24ᵃ תליסר כ׳ מאני Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition תריסר מני; Munich manuscript תל׳ בגדי מני, מני being a gloss to our word). ↗ original
כַּנְדָּא 2 (dial. for כַּרָּא, compare גּוּנְדְּרָא) pitcher, pot. [Pesachim 111ᵇ, see כִּנָּרָא.]—plural כַּנְרֵּי. Pesachim 30ᵃ מזבני כ׳ sellers of earthen ware. the same place (ibid.) אשוו זביני אכַּנְדַּיְיכוּ (not דיכי …; Munich manuscript אשוו זבינייכו) set a fair price on your pots.—Chullin 48ᵇ דקיימו כ׳ כ׳ lungs upon which there are pot-like excrescences.—[Berachoth 40ᵇ, see כִּנָּרָא.] ↗ original
כַּנְדּוֹקָאKandoka, surname of one Minyomin. Chullin 49ᵇ. [Rashi: dealer in pottery, compare Syriac (Peshitta) כנדוקא, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1764; see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Talmud Dictionary 2, 452ᵇ.] ↗ original
כַּנָּה (see כֵּן 2) base, stand. Kelim 7, 6 נותן את חכ׳ וכ׳ he places the base of a stove between them; [other opinion he puts a ruler between, measuring a straight line.] ruler or ruled material. the same place (ibid.) 12, 8, see כֵּן 2. ↗ original
כְּנוּפְיָא (כְּנַף 1) crowd, assembly (compare דּוֹחֲקָא). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 33, 25 (transl. מקהלות) אתר כ׳.—Shabbath 60ᵇ איכא כי׳ there is a large gathering (in synagogues etc.). the same place (ibid.) כי׳ דאיסורא gathering on a day when labor is not permitted. Rosh Hashanah 27ᵃ כל כי׳ דכסף הוא all signals for assemblies were blown on silver horns. Yoma 51ᵃ אתי בכ׳ is offered by large crowds. Gittin 11ᵃ כ׳ דארמאי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Rashi (edition כְּנוּפְיָאתָא plural) popular assemblies of gentiles, opposite ערכאות, see עַרְכִי. Bava Kamma 113ᵃ וכי לדידכו כְּנוּפַיְכוּ is your gathering (see כַּלָּה) held for your individual benefit? (variant reading see כְּנַף I).—plural כְּנוּפְיָאתָא, see above. ↗ original
כִּנּוֹרlute, cithern. Arachin 13ᵇ כ׳ של מקדש וכ׳ the kinnor of the Temple was seven-stringed. Berachoth 3ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 2ᵈ כ׳ היה תלוי וכ׳ David had a lute suspended etc. Sanhedrin 101ᵃ עשאוני בניך ככ׳ וכ׳ thy children made me (the Law) like an instrument upon which the scorners play; and frequently—plural כִּנּוֹרוֹת, כִּנּוֹרִים, כִּי׳. Arachin 2, 5. Shevuoth 15ᵇ. Kinnim 3, 6 בני מעיו לכ׳ its small bowels are used for strings for the cithern; Avodah Zarah 47ᵃ מהו לכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition לפארות). Pesikta Rabbati section 26; and elsewhere ↗ original
כִּנּוֹרָא Targum Genesis 4, 21 (see Berlin edition Targum Onkelos 2, p. 3). Targum Job 30, 31 כִּינָּ׳ (edition Vilna edition כִּנָ׳); and frequently—plural כִּנָּרַיָּא, כִּנָּרִין, כִּנְּ׳, כִּי׳. Targum Psalms 92, 4. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 31, 27 (O. חִנְגִּין, see Berlin edition the passage cited p. 12). Targum Isaiah 16, 11 (edition Lagarde edition singular); and frequently ↗ original
כני , Pi'elכִּנָּה, כִּינָּה (Biblical Hebrew, see כֵּן I) to qualify, define; to surname, to nickname; to modify an expression, circumscribe; to compare. Bava Metzia 58ᵇ המְכַנֶּה שם רע וכ׳ he who calls his neighbor by a nickname. Shevuoth 36ᵃ כַּנֵּה circumscribe (use the third person as euphemism). Sifré Numbers 84, and frequently כי׳ הכתוב the Bible modifies the expression (to avoid anthropomorphism, e.g. Zechariah 2, 12 עינו for עיני). Megillah 4, 9 המבנה בעריות he who modifies (symbolizes) in translating the laws of incest (e.g. Leviticus 18, 7, ‘uncover not thy parents’ weakness or disgrace’). Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 771, see פּוֹלְיָיטוֹן; and frequently participle passive מְכוּנֶּה. Tanchuma Ki Thissa 17 (referring to באדם, Psalms 68, 19) מכ׳ משה באדם (not לאדם) the name of Moses is here disguised by the substitute Adam.—[Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 832 מכונה, see כָּנַן.] ↗ original
כני ² , Pa. כַּנֵּי Chaldaic (Aramaic) same. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 4, 26.—Shevuoth 36ᵃ לא מְכַנִּינָן we must not modify the (Biblical) expression (to avoid cacophemism).—[Betzah 33ᵇ מכניא, read: מכניף, see כְּנַף I.] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְכַּנֵּי,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּנֵיto be surnamed. Targum Isaiah 1, 4.— to associate one’s self (see כַּנְהָא). Targum Ezekiel 29, 7 באִתְכְּנָיוּתְהוֹן וכ׳ when they form an alliance with thee (Hebrew text בתפשם; Kimḥi quotes a variant reading באתכנעותהון, see כְּנַע). ↗ original
כַּנְיָאKanya Parva, name of an unclean bird. Chullin 62ᵇ כ׳ פ׳ אסיר Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בוניא שרי פ׳ אסיר). ↗ original
כְּנִימָּה (denominative of כִּנָּם; compare כַּלְמְתָא) vermin, moth. Sifré Deuteronomy 40. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 9, beginning 6ᵈ הרקיבו מן הכ׳ if the grain became ruined by moths, contradistinguished to תולעים. Makhshirin 6, 1; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 1 מפני הכ׳ in order to prevent the grain from getting mothy.—plural כְּנִימּוֹת. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 23, ולא היו עושין כ׳ (edition Buber edition עושין בהם כִּנָּמִיּוֹת …; see note ad loc. (on the passage)) but did they not get vermin?; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 11 כִּנָּמִיּוֹת; (Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 691 בלאות; Devarim Rabbah section 7 מאכולת) ↗ original
כְּנִיסָה (כָּנַס) gathering, assembly. Megillah 1, 1 מקדימין ליום הכ׳ read the M’gillah in advance on the gathering (market) day before Purim. the same place (ibid.) 4ᵇ; and elsewhere entering, opposite יציאה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 5, 22ᶜ; Middoth 1, 3, see יְצִיאָה.—Bava Metzia 104ᵃ בשעת כְּנִיסָתָן לחופה when they were being led to the wedding chamber. Kethuboth 12ᵃ. Berachoth 4, 2 בכְנִיסָתוֹ לבה"מ on his entering college (for teaching and judging). Bava Metzia 83ᵇ בכְנִיסָתוֹ the time consumed in going home, see פּוֹעֵל; and frequently keeping in, detention. Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 782, see עֲצִירָה.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 7, beginning 37ᵇ כניסות, see כְּבִיסָה.] recess, settle. Menachoth 97ᵇ, interch. with כּוֹנְסָה a. כְּנָסָה. ↗ original
כְּנִישׁ (כְּנַשׁ) festive gathering. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 16, 8. Targum 2 Chronicles 7, 9 (Hebrew text עצרת). ↗ original
כְּנִישָׁא (the preceding) gathering; assembly. Targum Onkelos Genesis 1, 10 בית כְּנִישַׁת מיא (Hebrew text מקוה). Targum Exodus 35, 1 (edition Amsterdam edition כְּנִישְׂ׳). Targum Joel 1, 14. Targum Psalms 48, 12 (some edition כְּנִישָׁתָא plural, Hebrew text בנות); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᵈ איזיל צור כ׳ עליה shall I call a meeting against him?; and elsewhere כ׳ or (בי) בית כ׳synagogue, school-house. Targum Ezekiel 11, 16; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 81ᵈ bottom of the page קומי חדא כ׳ before a certain synagogue. Berachoth 7ᵇ; and frequently—כ׳ רבתא the Great Synagogue, Synagoga Magna, see כְּנֶסֶת. Targum Song of Songs 6, 5; and elsewhere—plural כְּנִישָׁתָא, see above; כְּנִישָׁן, כְּנִיסָן. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ top אשירוניה תמני עסרי כ׳ they stopped the funeral procession eighteen times for mourning assemblies; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵃ בניסן (correct accordingly).—[Bava Metzia 21ᵃ כ׳ דבי דרי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see מַכְנַשְׁתָּא.] ↗ original
כָּנַן (compare כּוּן a. כּוֹנָנִית) to nest.—Denom. כִּינָּה. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּנֵּןto form circles, to wind around. Parah 7, 7 המְכַנֵּן … על יד על יד (Talmud edition only once על יד) he who winds the rope (for drawing the bucket up) around his hand until a sufficient length is wound up; ואם כִּנְּנוֹ באחרונה but if he winds it after he has finished drawing; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 7 (6), 4 וחזר ובנאו edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading וכי, read: וכיננו as Rabbenu Shimshon to Parah the passage cited).—participle pass. מְכוּנָּן a) wound around. Makhshirin 4, 1 בחבל שהוא מכ׳ וכ׳ with the rope which is wound around the neck of the vessel.—2) nested. Bereshith Rabbah section 37 מכ׳ כביצה shut up in the nest like an egg, i.e. selfish; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 832 מכונה (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כָּנַס see כּוֹס I) to collect, gather; to cover, shelter, bring home. Bava Kamma 6, 1 הכּוֹנס צאן לדיר he who takes the flock into the stall; and frequently—כ׳ משקה to absorb liquids through pores, opposite to הוציא to let liquids escape through pores. Niddah 49ᵃ יביא … אם כָּנְסָה וכ׳ get a tub full of water and put the pot in, if it draws water etc. Kelim 10, 8 היו בכוֹנֵס משקה (supply (understood word) נקובין) if the vessels were so porous as to be called absorbers of liquids. Niddah the passage cited כיצד … לידע אם ניקב בכונס משקה how do we examine to find out whether a vessel is porous to the extent of absorbing liquids? (see above); and frequently—Esp. to take a woman home, to consummate a marriage by conducting a woman to one’s house, to wed, see אֵירוּסִין a. נִישּׂוּאִין. Kethuboth 3ᵇ וברביעי כּוֹנְסָהּ and on the fourth day of the week he weds her. the same place (ibid.) ומסכנה ואילך נהגו … לִכְנוֹס וכ׳ and from the days of persecution … the people adopted the custom to wed on the third day; … ובשני לא יִכְנוֹס but on the second day one must not marry. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 4, 6ᵇ כְּנָסָהּ ולא וכ׳ he took her to his home but did not touch her etc.; and frequently—participle passive כְּנוּסָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 2, 18ᵇ top שומרת יבם וכ׳ neither while waiting for the yabam nor after having been taken to his house. (of a sore) [to gather,] to grow smaller, to contract, opposite פשה. Nega'im 4, 7; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 6; Sifra Thazr., Nega'im, Parah 2, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2; and elsewhere (archit.) to recede, to form a settle or recess in a wall. Middoth 3, 1 עלה אמה וכ׳ אמה (the altar) rose one cubit and then receded one cubit; Menachoth 97ᵇ.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 7, 24ᵇ bottom of the page (of an inclined plane) עולה אמה וכוֹנֵס שלש it rises vertically one cubit, while the incline measures three cubits, see כִּיבּוּשׁ.—participle passive כָּנוּס, feminine כְּנוּסָה. Tosefta Eruvin 1, 10 כותל שצידו אחד כ׳ מחבירו וכ׳ a wall which is more receding on one side than on the other, either the inner wall being even etc.; Eruvin 9ᵇ; 15ᵃ; (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 19ᵇ top כותל הנכנס). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 1, 52ᵃ אפי׳ כנוסה כמה even if the reduction be ever so large. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְנַסto be brought in, to enter, opposite יצא; to assemble, meet. Eruvin 65ᵃ, see סוֹד. the same place (ibid.) 15ᵇ נ׳ ויוצא is easily passed in and out. Kelim 9, 7 מלא … נ׳ when a piece of the size … can be passed, לא נ׳ when it cannot pass (exactly fitting in). Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 1, 18ᶜ bottom of the page אין … לִיכָּנֵס וכ׳ it is not the habit of man to enter through one door and leave through another.—Chullin 3ᵃ, and frequently יוצא ונ׳ superintending by going in and out. Shabbath 137ᵇ כשם שנ׳ … יִכָּנס וכ׳ as he (the child) has been entered into the covenant, so may he be introduced to the study of the Law etc. Sanhedrin 101ᵃ נִכְנְסוּ תלמידיו וכ׳ his pupils came together to visit him. Tosefta Berachoth 7 (6), 19, and elsewhere לא יִכָּנֵס אדם להר וכ׳ one must not enter the Temple mount etc.—Megillah 1, 3 מקום שנִכְנָסִין וכ׳ a place where the country people are in the habit of assembling on Mondays etc.; and frequently to form a recess or settle. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 1, 19ᵇ top, see above. to be married, see above. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 4, 6ᵇ הִיכָּנְסִי וכ׳ be my wife and raise thy sister’s children; Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 9; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּינֵּסto gather, collect. Tosefta Berachoth 7 (6), 24 בשעת המְכַנְּסִין … כַּנֵּס when people collect (learning), scatter, when they scatter (are indifferent), gather in (withdraw); see בְּדַר; Berachoth 63ᵃ המכניסים (read: המְכַנְּ׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 9). Shemoth Rabbah section 17, beginning שכִּינְּסָן מעל הארץ which (waters) he gathered from upon the land. Devarim Rabbah section 3 כִּינְּסָה את בניה she assembled her children; and frequently—participle passive מְכוּנָּס, feminine מְכוּנֶּסֶת; plural מְכוּנָּסִין, מְכוּנָּסוֹת. Eruvin 21ᵃ (מים) מ׳ collected water, opposite מים חיים. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 70 הרי הצאן מכ׳ the flock is gathered again. Nega'im 4, 3 במ׳ when the hairs on the leprous spot are close together, opposite מפוזר; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְנִיסto bring in, to lay in, store up; to introduce, pass; to initiate. Vayikra Rabbah section 9 הִכְנִיסוֹ לביתו he invited him to his house. Shemoth Rabbah section 20 אם אני מַכְנִיסָן וכ׳ if I lead them now into the land. the same place (ibid.) ה׳ יינו וכ׳ he stored his wine in the cellar. Menachoth 97ᵃ ומכניס קנה וכ׳ and passes a tube under it. Shabbath 118ᵇ ה׳ ידו וכ׳ put his hand under his belt. the same place (ibid.) מַכְנִיסֵי שבת who usher the Sabbath in (with prayer). the same place (ibid.) 137ᵇ להַכְנִיסוֹ בבריתו וכ׳ to initiate him into the covenant etc. (see above). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 1, 3ᵃ bottom of the page הרי אתם מַכְנִיסִין ראשי וכ׳ you want me to put my head between two great mountains. Mechilta Beshallach, Shir., section 6 לא מוציא ולא מַכְנִיס neither lets escape nor receives, see נוֹד; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכַּנֵּס,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְכַּנֵּסto assemble, meet, be reunited. Taanith 27ᵇ מִתְכַּנְּסִין לבה"כ meet at the synagogue. Bereshith Rabbah section 39, and elsewhere אם מתכנסין כל וכ׳ if all human beings were to join for creating etc.; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 3 מִתְכַּנְּשִׁין. Mechilta Beshallach section 6 אין הגליות מִתְכַּנְּסוֹת וכ׳ the diaspora will be reunited only as a reward for faith; and frequently—Bereshith Rabbah section 12, beginning מתכנסין ויוצאין; (Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 12 נכנסין) they go in and out. to gather, become closer (see above). Nega'im 1, 6 נִתְכַּנְּסָה the sore gathered. ↗ original
כְּנַסto gather, receive. Targum Psalms 41, 7 manuscript (edition כנף, Hebrew text קבץ). Targum Esther 4, 16 (Targum 2 Esther the same place (ibid.) כנוש). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 18, 3 אֵיכְנוֹס וכ׳ I shall receive the passers-by.—5. כְּנַשׁ. to marry. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 3, 21ᵇ top ומִיכְנַסְנִיךְ ליום פלן and to marry thee before such a date; Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 7, end, 49ᵃ ומנכסיך (correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) ולא כְנַסְתִּיךְ and I shall not have married thee. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 1, beginning 24ᵈ אילין דכַנְסִין וכ׳ those who marry widows; and frequently to enter. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᶜ bottom of the page כיון דכ׳ when he had entered; and elsewhere—[Targum Esther 2, 21; 4, 17, see בְּנַס.] Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּנֵּסto gather, heap. Targum Psalms 33, 7 manuscript (edition מַכְנִיסAf.). the same place (ibid.) 147, 2 (manuscript Pe.). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּנֵסto be gathered, to assemble. Targum I Chronicles 11, 1 (edition Lagarde edition a. Rahmer אתכניש׳). Targum Psalms 47, 10 manuscript (edition אתכנש׳). ↗ original
כְּנֵסִיָּה (the preceding words) gathering, union. Avoth 4, 11 כל כ׳ וכ׳ every union for a sacred purpose. Shemoth Rabbah section 21; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 19; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 88, end כ׳ האחרונה the latest gathering (for prayers); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 840 כנסת; and elsewhere—[Bamidbar Rabbah section 1 אני בונה כ׳, read: אַכְסַנְיָא, see Tanchuma B’midb. 2.]—plural כְּנֵסִיּוֹת, see next word↗ original
כְּנֶסֶת (the preceding) gathering, storage. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 4, 14ᶜ bottom of the page בית הכ׳ שלעצים a store-house for wood (= אוֹצָר). assembly, community, congregation, especially congregation of worshippers. Shemoth Rabbah section 21 (interch. with preceding word); Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 840, see the preceding—בית הכ׳ (abbr. בה"כ) synagogue. Berachoth 6ᵃ. Megillah 3, 1 (25ᵇ); and frequently—Sotah 7, 7 חזן הכ׳ the sexton of the synagogue within the Temple precincts; Sukkah 51ᵇ of the synagogue of Alexandria, see חַזָּן; and frequently—כ׳ ישראל (abbreviated or abbreviation כ"י) the congregation of Israel, the Ecclesia, (often personified as a woman betrothed to the Lord). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 4; and frequently—כ׳ הגדולה (abbr. כה"ג) the Great Assembly, Ecclesia or Synagoga Magna, a supreme authority established under Ezra and Nehemiah. Avoth 1, 1, and frequently אנשי כ׳ הג׳ the men of the original Great Synagogue. the same place (ibid.) 2 שירי כה"ג the last members of the Great Synagogue.—plural כְּנֵסִיּוֹת, כְּנֵיסִ׳. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Yitsḥ. 3) בני כְּנֵסִיּוֹתָיו his fellow-members in the royal council; (Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 318 בני המלך).—בתי כ׳ synagogues. Megillah 6ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, beginning 73ᵈ ארבע … ב׳ כ׳ וכ׳ there were four hundred and eighty synagogues in Jerusalem, and each had a school etc. Chullin 51ᵃ מפטיר כ׳ janitor at meetings of scholars in college. Pesachim 49ᵇ ראשי כ׳ chiefs of congregations or synagogues. ↗ original
כְּנַעto press, oppress.—participle passive כְּנִיעַ, plural כְּנִיעִיןdepressed, mournful. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 11, end, 48ᵇ ע"י דאינון כ׳ because they are low-spirited. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְכַּנַּע,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיכְּנַעto lower one’s self, be humble. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 16, 9 (Hebrew text התעני). Targum I Kings 21, 29. Targum Isaiah 41, 11 (Hebrew text יכלמו); and frequently—Targum Ezekiel 29, 7 באִתְכְּנָעוּתְהוֹן variant reading, see כני Chaldaic (Aramaic)—Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᶜ bottom of the page מִתְכַּנְּעִין they humble themselves (in penitence).—Esp. to bow to a superior, to salute. Bereshith Rabbah section 33 ולא א׳ מיניה and he did not salute him. Moed Katan 16ᵇ ולא אִיכְנְעָא מקמיה and she did not bow to him; and elsewhere ↗ original
כנעה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, 37ᵈ bottom of the page, read: נַנְעָה. ↗ original
כְּנַעַן (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun Canaan, son of Ham. Bereshith Rabbah section 36 חם חטא וכ׳ וכ׳ Ham sinned and C. was cursed?; Tanchuma Noah 15; and elsewhere the land of Canaan. Rosh Hashanah 3ᵃ כ׳ על שם מלכותו (Sihon is named) C. from his kingdom; and frequently ↗ original
כְּנַעֲנָאָה Targum Onkelos Genesis 12, 6.—plural כְּנַעֲנָאִין, כְּנַעֲנָאֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) Targum Genesis 10, 18; and frequently ↗ original
כְּנַעֲנִי (Biblical Hebrew) Canaanite. Tosefta Bava Kamma 8, 19. Mechilta Mishpatim, Nzikin, section 7 (referring to Exodus 21, 26) בכ׳ וכ׳ the text speaks of a Canaanite slave, opposite to עבד עברי. Kiddushin 1, 3 עבד כ׳ נקנה וכ׳ a Canaanite slave is taken possession of etc.; and frequently—plural כְּנַעֲנִים. Tosefta Bava Kamma 9, 10. Mechilta the passage cited section 3 כדרך שהכ׳ וכ׳ as the Canaanite slaves go free. Sotah 35ᵇ כ׳ שבח"ל Canaanites outside of Palestine. Phœnician, merchant. Sifré Deuteronomy 306; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 942 (referring to יערף, Deuteronomy 32, 2) לשון כ׳ וכ׳ it is a merchant’s expression, feminine i., a man says not to his neighbor, ‘change for me etc.,’ but ‘break etc.’ (ערוף). ↗ original
כָּנַף (Biblical Hebrew) to bend; to cover. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְנַףto be covered, hidden. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Zachor, p. 29ᵃ, and elsewhere, see כָּנָף. ↗ original
כְּנַף 1 , to press, crowd; to gather. Targum Psalms 41, 7 (see כְּנַס).—Taanith 23ᵇ ניתי לִיכְנוֹף גבי הדדי Munich manuscript (edition נִיכְּנִיף הדדי) let us go and crowd together (for prayer). Avodah Zarah 19ᵇ כָּנוּף ואתי וכ׳ all the world crowded about him.—participle passive כְּנִיף. Sanhedrin 29ᵇ כְּנִיפֵי ויתבי if they (before whom he made the admission, see אוֹדִיתָא) were assembled (for some other business), opposite to כּנּפִינְהוּ איהו if he himself called them to a meeting. Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּנֵּיףto collect, grab (corresp. to גָּבַב). Shabbath 73ᵇ האי מאן דכ׳ וכ׳ he who grabs (skims with his palm) salt out of the salina. Betzah 33ᵇ מחזי כמאן דמְכַנֵּיף וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition מכניא, correct accordingly) it looks as though he raked together for the next day. to assemble, call a meeting. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 1, 1.—Sanhedrin the passage cited, see above. Bava Kamma 113ᵃ לדידכו כַּנְּפִינְהוּ Munich manuscript (edition see כְּנוּפְיָא) have we assembled them for your individual benefit?—participle passive מְכַנַּף. Berachoth 58ᵇ כמאה … דמְכַנְּפֵי like one hundred stars … collected in one spot, opposite מבדרי. Gittin 20ᵃ, see below. (corresp. to קָפַל) to fold, crease. Shabbath 147ᵃ אדעתא דלכַנּוּפֵי with the intention of creasing. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְכַּנַף,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּנִיף, אִיכְּנִיףto be assembled, to meet, join. Targum Song of Songs 8, 7.—Taanith 23ᵇ, see above. to be compressed. Gittin 20ᵃ כַּנּוּפֵי מִכְּנִיף (edition Rashi מְכַנַּף), see חֲרַץ. ↗ original
כָּנָף (mostly) masculine(Biblical Hebrew; [bend,] wing, wing-feather. Kelim 17, 14 כְּנַף העוז things made of feathers of the sea-eagle; and elsewhere—Dualכְּנָפַיִם, plural כְּנָפִים, כַּנְפוֹת. the same place (ibid.) Tohoroth 1, 2. Chullin 3, 4 נמרטו כנָפֶיהָ if the wing-feathers are plucked out, see נוֹצָה. the same place (ibid.) 7 כל שיש לו ארבע כ׳ … וכְנָפָיו וכ׳ … that (locust) which has four feet and four wings …, and whose wings cover the larger portion of its body (is clean); and frequently border, lap. Sifré Numbers 115 מן הכ׳, see גְּדִילָה 2. the same place (ibid.) מצות כ׳ the law concerning the borders of garments (Numbers 15, 38).—plural as ab. Vayikra Rabbah section 18; Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 3 (referring to הראות the same place (ibid.)) אלו כַּנְפֵי הריאה those are the laps (extreme ends) of the lungs. Chullin 45ᵃ עד כנפי ריאה התחתונה to the borders of the lowest lung (of the animal suspended by its feet).—Euphem. for a woman’s lap (pudenda). Yevamoth 4ᵃ; 49ᵃ (explained Deuteronomy 23, 1) כ׳ שראה אביו the lap which his father has seen, i.e. any woman with whom his father has had sexual connection. cover. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Zakhor, p. 29ᵃ; Pesikta Rabbati section 12; Tanchuma Ki Thetsé 11 (referring to יִכָּנֵף, Isaiah 30, 20) … כל זמן כ׳ מכסה וכ׳ as long as the seed of Amalek survives, it is as if a cover hid the face (of Divinity) etc. (plural) hands, arms; (of animals) shoulders, fore-legs. Pesachim 7, 11 (84ᵃ) ראשי כ׳ the cartilaginous tops of the fore-legs. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 6, 55ᶜ bottom of the page (referring to Numbers 6, 19) בין שיש לו כ׳ וכ׳ whether or not he has hands (to receive the offerings; Babylonian Nazir 46ᵇ כַּפַּיִם). Tosefta Demai 2, 11 מקבלין לכ׳ we accept a ḥaber (see חָבֵר), if he promises to observe levitical cleanness of hands; Bechoroth 30ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 23ᵃ top מקריבין לכ׳. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ מדפות וכ׳ the laws concerning hands, etc., see מִדָּף.—אלישע בעל כ׳ one Elisha, a ḥaber observing cleanness of hands. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 4ᶜ bottom of the page; Shabbath 49ᵃ; 130ᵃ (legendary origin of the surname).—Vayikra Rabbah section 32 בעל כ׳ the winged angel. curved attachments, handles etc. Kelim 11, 6; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) Bava Metzia 1, 7, see סִימְפּוֹנְיָא. Kelim 14, 4 הכ׳ המקבלות וכ׳ the curves on the harness for holding the reins; the same place (ibid.) 5 כ׳ העשוים לנוי for ornament.—Transferred כנפי השכינה or כ׳ divine protection; תחת כ׳ הש׳ under the wings of divine Majesty, i.e. belief and faith in God, Jewish religion. Vayikra Rabbah section 2 פושטין … להכניסו תחת כ׳ הש׳ we must reach out a hand to him (the proselyte) in order to take him in etc. Mechilta Beshallach, Amalek, section 2 לאבד … מתחת כְּנָפֶיךָ to lead thy people away from the faith in thee.—Ruth Rabbah to 2, 12; and frequently ↗ original
כְּנַף 2wing, lap. Targum I Kings 6, 24; and frequently—Targum Zechariah 8, 23; and frequently—Bava Metzia 85ᵃ בכַנְפֵיה דרבו in the lap of Rabbi’s garment. Shabbath 5ᵃ פשיט כנפיה וכ׳ he spread the lap of his garment and received it. Bava Bathra 12ᵇ בכנפיה דאבוה on her father’s lap. the same place (ibid.) 58ᵃ בכַנְפָהּ דשרה in Sarah’s lap; and frequently—[Euphem. Targum Deuteronomy 23, 1, see the preceding]—Transferred protection. Targum 2 Esther 9, 14.—plural כַּנְפִין, כַּנְפַיָּא, כַּנְפֵי. the same place (ibid.) Targum Ezekiel 17, 3. Targum Onkelos Numbers 15, 38; and frequently—[כַּנְפָתָא, construct state כַּנְפָת. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2 the same place (ibid.), emend. by Bxt., edition צָנְפַת.] בַּת כַּנְפָא name of an unclean bird. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 14, 13 (Hebrew text הראה). ↗ original
כִּנָּר masculine, plural כִּנָּרִים, כִּי׳ = next word Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᵃ bottom of the page, see next word↗ original
כִּנָּרָא name of a shrubby tree, Christ’s-thorn or lote (Greek adapt. κόνναρος, see Löw, Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881, p. 283 and the following). Megillah 6ᵃ Kinnereth is Ginnosar (Gennesareth) and why is it called Kinnereth משום דמתיקי פירהא ככ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim note 3) because its fruits are as sweet as those of the Kinnara; [variant reading quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כי קלא דכ׳ as sweet as the sound of the lute; Oxford manuscript כקוליא דכ׳]. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 70ᵃ bottom of the page (hebr.) שהן מגדלות כִּינָּרִים because they produce Kinnars. Pesachim 111ᵇ טולא דכינורא Munich manuscript (edition דכנדא, Munich manuscript 2 דכנארא; Oxford manuscript דכנרא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) the shade of a K. Bava Bathra 48ᵇ תלא לפאפי אכי׳ Tabi suspended P. on a Kinnara (to force him to sell a field of his; for other opinion, see commentary or commentaries).—plural כִּינָּרֵי, כִּי׳. Berachoth 40ᵇ רימין כ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Manuscript Florence (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 30; edition כנדי) Rimin (Demai 1, 1) means K. ↗ original
כִּנֶּרֶת (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun Kinnereth (Gennesareth), name of a town and of a lake in Galilee. Megillah 6ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 70ᵃ bottom of the page, see כִּנָּרָא. ↗ original
כְּנַשׁ (see the preceding) to gather, collect; to gather in. Targum Exodus 35, 1 (edition Amsterdam edition כְּנַשׁ). Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 2, 8. Targum Isaiah 24, 22; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, end, 55ᶜ לית את כ׳ thou shalt not harvest; and frequently (compare גבב) to rake together, to sweep. Bava Metzia 85ᵃ קכַנְשָׁא ביתא Munich manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) was sweeping the house. Chullin 60ᵃ אתא … כַּנְשֵׁיה לימא a blast of wind came and swept it (the store of provision) into the sea. Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּנֵּישׁsame. Targum Micah 2, 12; and elsewhere—Vayikra Rabbah section 25 היא מְכַנְּשָׁא להון she calls the chickens together. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, end 14ᵈ דמְכַנְּשִׁין, see בְּדַר; and elsewhere Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְנֵישׁsame. Targum Ezekiel 11, 17 (edition Lagarde edition אִיכְנֵישׁPe.); and elsewhere Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְכַּנַּשׁ,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּנִישׁ, אִתְכְּנַשׁto be gathered, to be called in; to retire. Targum Judges 12, 1 (edition Vilna edition … שׂ) Targum Genesis 25, 8. Targum Jeremiah 47, 6; and frequently—Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 10 אִתְכַּנְּשׁוּן כל קרייתא וכ׳ all the towns (people) met to mourn for him. Tanchuma Ki Thetsé 4 טב ליה לצדיקא דאי׳ בשלם (not לצדיקיא) it is better for the righteous man to be gathered in (die) in peace; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Zakhor, p. 23ᵃ טב ליה מִתְכְּנַשׁ בשלם; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 868 טב ליה לההיא סבא דמִתְכְּנִישׁ וכ׳. ↗ original
כִּנְשָׁא (the preceding) gathering, people.—plural כִּנְשָׁן, כִּי׳. Targum Onkelos Genesis 17, 16 (Yerushalmi (prefix) כִּנְשִׁין masculine; Hebrew text גוים). ↗ original
כַּנְתָא (כנן) winding, convolution, (supply (understood word) דמעיא) ileum, the third division of the small intestines. Chullin 48ᵇ; 113ᵃ, see הֲדוּרָא. Gittin 69ᵃ כ׳ פטירתא the ileum of a first-born.—Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 976 (counting ten stations of the digestive process) מכרוכא עבה לכְנַת מעיא from the large winding (jejunum) to the ileum (corresp. to סני(א) דיבי, Vayikra Rabbah section 3, a. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 19). [Koheleth Rabbah the passage cited כנת מעיא some edition, read בנת.] (compare כֶּרֶךְ, אִמְבּוּרְקְלוֹן) wrapper of loosely woven matting. Sukkah 20ᵇ חזו לכ׳ דפירי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition לכינ׳, Munich manuscript לבנ׳; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) are fit for baling fruits. Kethuboth 105ᵇ כ׳ דפירי a bale of fruits, כ׳ דגלדני of small fish. ↗ original
כנתי , a word in a charm formula. Yoma 84ᵃ כ׳ כ׳ קלירוס (Munich manuscript קנגי קנדי קליריס). ↗ original
כַּסָּא 1 , cup, calyx. Targum Genesis 40, 11; and frequently—Targum I Kings 7, 26; and frequently—Targum 2 Samuel 12, 3 כָּסֵיה edition Lagarde edition (other כּוֹסֵיה).—Berachoth 28ᵃ, see יְקָרָא. the same place (ibid.) 51ᵇ, see בִּרְכְתָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 78ᵃ bottom of the page, see בִּשְׂרוּתָה. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ דקיסא וכ׳ out of a cup of sharp-edged glass drink quickly (ere it cut your lip); [Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, 61ᶜ top סמא; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 5, 56ᶜ top סבא, Meïri to Betzah 20ᵇ ססא]; and frequently—plural כַּסִּין, כַּסַּיָּיא, כַּסֵּי, כָּס׳. Targum Jeremiah 35, 5.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 2, end, 50ᵇ כ׳ טיברייאי (not … אה) Tiberian glass cups (transparent). Pesachim 110ᵃ; and frequently—(בּית) בּי כַּסַּיָּא = Hebrew בית הכוסות, see כּוֹס. Vayikra Rabbah section 3; [Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 19 (of the human body) בית כסא, by mistake borrowed from Vayikra Rabbah the passage cited; see Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 976]. ↗ original
כִּסֵּאbolsters, chair, throne. Tosefta Betzah 3, 11. the same place (ibid.) 17 אין יוצאין בכִּסֵּה edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בכסא) you must not be carried out on a sedan chair (on Holy Days); Betzah 25ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ מה אתון ביה what is your opinion about carrying a person on a chair etc.?—Kelim 22, 3 הכ׳ שלפני קתידרא the bolster in front of the cathedra (a kind of footstool). the same place (ibid.) 4, see חִפּוּי; and frequently—כ׳ הכבוד the throne of Divine Majesty. Chagigah 13ᵃ; and frequently—כ׳ הדין the throne of Divine judgment; כ׳ רחמים mercy-seat. Vayikra Rabbah section 29 אני עומד מכ׳ הדין וכ׳ I rise from the throne of judgment and seat myself on the throne of mercy; and frequently—Euphem. בית הכ׳privy. Tamid 1, 1 בית הכ׳ של כבוד a chaste privy. Berachoth 25ᵃ; and frequently—plural כִּסָּאוֹת, כִּסָּיוֹת, כִּי׳; with suff. כִּסְאֵי־. Shemoth Rabbah section 31; and frequently—Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 10, 6 הכיסיות שבבימה (not הכו׳) the (stationary) seats in public courts. Pesikta Rabbati section 23-24 עמדו מכִּסְאֵיהֶם arose from their thrones.—[Zavim 4, 4 כסאות, see כֶּסֶת.] ↗ original
כֶּסֶא (כָּסָה 1) mark, distinction; marked, appointed time. Vayikra Rabbah section 29; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod., p. 153ᵃ (referring to Psalms 81, 4) וכי כל החדשים אינן חדש אלא בכ׳ ‘on the New Moon’, are all other new moons no New Moons (festive days)?; but (therefore is added) bakkesé, on the distinguished (month), see כָּסָה I. [Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 7, end, a. Betzah 16ᵃ our word is taken in the sense of cover.] ↗ original
כָּסוּל (denominative of כֶּסֶל) an animal with a deformed hip. Bechoroth 6, 7 (40ᵃ) כ׳ שאחת מירכותיו גבוהה (Talmud edition גבוהות, correct accordingly) a kasul is one whose one hip is higher than the other. the same place (ibid.) 40ᵃ כ׳ שרגלו אחד וכ׳ a k. is he whose one foot is seated in the loin and the other over the loin; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 10 איזהו פסול (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כְּסוּתcover, clothing. Bava Bathra 9ᵃ אין בודקין לכ׳ we must not investigate in the case of a poor man asking for clothes; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵃ, see דִּקְדֵּק. Tamid 1, 1 ומתכסין בכ׳ עצמן and covered themselves with their own (private) garments; and frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, end, 78ᶜ ואפי׳ כ׳, read כָּפוּת, see יָבַל.] ↗ original
כְּסוּתָא Targum Onkelos Exodus 22, 8 כסו edition Berlin edition (other edition a. Yerushalmi (prefix) כּסוּיm.). the same place (ibid.) 25; and frequently ↗ original
כָּסַחto cut down, clear (of thorns, bushes etc.); to trim. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1; Bereshith Rabbah section 12; (Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 12 כיסח Pi'el). Bereshith Rabbah section 49 למגל כּוֹסֶחֶת וכ׳ like a scythe cutting thorns and not being satisfied etc.; and frequently—participle passive כָּסוּחַ, plural כְּסוּחִים, כְּסוּחִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 3, 50ᵈ bottom of the page קוצין כ׳ כָּסַחְתִּי (not כסיחין) I cut mowed thorns, i.e. I only put to death doomed culprits; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 92ᵃ כוסים כוסחים (correct accordingly), see כּוֹס 2. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיסֵּחַsame. Kilayim 2, 5 אם נכש או כ׳ if he weeded or cut. Shevi'ith 2, 10 אין מְכַסְּחִין you must not cut (trim) rice plants (in the Sabbath year). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, beginning 48ᶜ הראשונים … כִּיסְּחוּ וכ׳ our predecessors sowed …, cleared …, yet we have nothing to eat, i.e. they did their utmost for the Law, but we do not profit by their labors. Sifra Bechukkothai Parah 2, Chaldaic (Aramaic) V כיסת, כיסה edition Weiss (correct accordingly); and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּסַח Targum Onkelos Leviticus 25, 3, and the following; and elsewhere—Sanhedrin 26ᵃ. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, end, 8ᵈ קריב למכסח, see מוֹכְסָא.] Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּסֵּחַsame. Targum Psalms 80, 13. ↗ original
כסי (compare כסח) to make incisions, mark, count. participle pass. כָּסוּיmarked, distinguished. Pesikta Rabbati section 39 (referring to Psalms 81, 4, see כֶּסֶא) מהו בכסא בחדש שהוא כ׳ (not כיסוי) what is bakkesé? In the month which is marked (see below). Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְסֶה,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְכַּסֶּהto be marked, distinguished. Vayikra Rabbah section 29 (referring to Psalms the passage cited) וכל החדשים אינן נִכְסִין אלא ליום חגנו are all other months (or New Moon Days) not marked?—But (it must be marked by) ‘a festive day’; [read:] חגו בפני עצמו והלא ניסן חדש נִכְסֶה ויש לו חג: (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) … חדש ונתכסה) but is not Nisan a marked month with a festival? (Answ.) Its festival is separate from it (not coinciding with the New Moon Day); אלא איזהו חדש נ׳ ויש לו חג וכ׳ but what month is there that is marked and has a festival, and that on the same day?; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod., p. 153ᵃ ↗ original
כסי ² (Biblical Hebrew) to cover.—participle passive כָּסוּי, feminine כְּסוּיָה; plural כְּסוּיִים, כְּסוּיִין; כְּסוּיוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 52 אתם כִּסִּיתֶם … כְּסוּי עינים you have concealed from me the sight (of truth), therefore the son that you will raise will be of covered eyes (blind); Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 91 כסות (correct accordingly); Bava Kamma 93ᵃ הואיל וכִיסִּית … בנים כְּסוּיֵי עיניים (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 45ᵈ הכְּסוּיִין (not הכיסוין) the covered liquids. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיסָּה, כִּסָּהto cover, hide. Chullin 6, 4 … שחט ולא כ׳ לכַסּוֹת if one slaughters and fails to cover the blood, and another person sees it, he is bound to cover it. Pesachim 119ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 23, 18) זהו המְכַסֶּה דברים וכ׳ he who keeps secret the things which the Old of Days has covered (mysteries). Bava Kamma the passage cited; Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited, see above. Pesikta Rabbati section 26 מְכַסָּה אני ממך shall I conceal it from thee?—Bereshith Rabbah section 87 כִּסְּתָה פניה she covered her (the idol’s) face. the same place (ibid.) לא כ׳ עליהם הכתוב the Bible did not cover their guilt (see חָפָה); and frequently—participle passive מְכוּסֶּה, feminine מְכוּסָּה; plural מְכוּסִּים, מְכוּסִּין; מְכוּסּוֹת. the same place (ibid.) section 52 (referring to Genesis 20, 16 [read:] עשאה מטרונה כסות עינים שהיא מכ׳ מן העין he (Abimelech) made a matron of her (Sarah) (giving her) ‘a cover of the eyes’, by which she was protected from the gaze (of men). Pesachim 54ᵇ שבעה … מכ׳ וכ׳ seven things are hidden from man; and frequently—[Bereshith Rabbah section 79, end מה את מכסה בי, read: מב׳, see בְּסָא.—Sifra Bechukkothai, Parah 2, Chaldaic (Aramaic) V כיסה, see כָּסַח.] Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְסָהto be covered, hidden. Sanhedrin 2, 1 (18ᵃ; 19ᵃ) הן נִכְסִין … והוא נ׳ when they (who form the funeral cortege) are hidden from his view (when entering an alley), he (the high priest) appears; when they emerge, he disappears (in the alley). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 9 נראה וחוזר ונ׳ is visible and disappears again; Ruth. R. to 2, 14; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Haḥod., p. 49ᵇ. Bamidbar Rabbah section 22 (play on נְכָסִים) נ׳ מזה וכ׳ they disappear from one and appear to the other; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכַּסֶּהto be covered, clothed. Betzah 16ᵃ (referring to בַּכֶּסֶה, Psalms 81, 4) איזהו חג שהחדש מִתְכַּסֶּה בו what festival is that on which the new moon is hidden (seen only by a few)?; Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 7, end ביום שמ׳ כולו on the day when the moon is entirely covered. Devarim Rabbah section 3 מתכ׳ משלו clothed himself at his (the fosterfather’s) expense. the same place (ibid.) כל … אוכל ומתכ׳ וכ׳ all that is spent on you for eating and clothing etc. Kethuboth 5, 8 מִתְכַּסָּה, see בְּלָאוֹת. Tamid 1, 1 מִתְכַּסִּין, see כְּסוּת; and frequently ↗ original
כְּסֵי ² , participle pass. כְּסִי, feminine כַּסְיָאhidden. Targum I Samuel 3, 1 כְּסִי Bxt. (edition כַּסִּי, כַּסֵּי; Hebrew text יקר). Targum 2 Kings 6, 8 (Hebrew text פלני). Targum Job 28, 21. Targum 2 Kings 6, 9 כָּסָן (Hebrew text נְחִתִּים). Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּסֵּיto cover, hide, conceal. Targum Onkelos Genesis 38, 15 (Yerushalmi (prefix) כעיסת). the same place (ibid.) 47, 18; and frequently—participle pass. מְכַסָּאunknown, remote. Targum 2 Kings 19, 2. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 4, 13. Targum 2 Samuel 13, 2 (Hebrew text ויפלא); and elsewhere—Shabbath 156ᵇ כַּסִּי רישיך וכ׳ keep thy head covered in order that the fear of the Lord may rest upon thee. the same place (ibid.) 125ᵃ לכַסּוּיֵי בהו וכ׳ to cover a nuisance with it. Bereshith Rabbah section 52, [read as:] Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 91 וכסי עיניך מינאי and close thine eye from upon me, i.e. take the indulgence money. Taanith 25ᵃ רקיע … כסי פניך ולא אִיכַּסִי ‘cover thy face, O sky,’ but the sky was not covered. Chullin 87ᵃ אפשר … ומְכַסֵּי בחדא he may kill with one hand and cover (the blood) with the other; and frequently Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיתְכַּסִּי, אִיכַּסִּיto be covered, hidden; to cover one’s self; to conceal one’s self, withdraw. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 20, 16. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 4, 13. Targum Genesis 18, 14 (Hebrew text יפלא, see above); and frequently—Targum Psalms 139, 6 מִכַּסְיָא.—Taanith the passage cited, see above. the same place (ibid.) 23ᵃ א׳ מעינא ונים וכ׳ he disappeared and slept seventy years. Kethuboth 63ᵃ שאילי … ואִיכַּסָּאִי borrow some garments and dress thyself; and frequently ↗ original
כַּסִּיhidden, see the preceding—[כסי, Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 2, 9, see כִּיסּוּי.] ↗ original
כְּסִיָּיה (כָּסָה 2) covering; כְּסִיַּית עיניםblindness. Megillah 28ᵃ א"ת כסות אלא כ׳ ע׳ edition, see כֵּהוּת. ↗ original
כְּסִיל (Biblical Hebrew) (a denominative of כֶּסֶל which see) [one with thick loins, stout,] (compare טִפֵּשׁ) fool, foolish, overbearing. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᵇ bottom of the page; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 415 (referring to Proverbs 3, 26) דברים שאתה כ׳ בהם וכ׳ in things in which thou art foolish (ignorant), He will guard thy foot etc.—plural כְּסִילִים. Bamidbar Rabbah section 16 (referring to Proverbs 26, 6) עשו עצמן כ׳ they (the spies) made fools of themselves. K’sil, the constellation Orion (see Winer, Reallex. under the word Nimrod). Berachoth 58ᵇ ↗ original
כְּסִילָאfool.—plural כְּסִילַיָּיא. Targum Psalms 49, 11 (Bxt. sing.). the same place (ibid.) 94, 8 (some edition כְּסִילֵי). [In Targum mostly סכלא.] Orion. Targum Amos 5, 8 (see נִיפְלָא).—Berachoth 58ᵇ כִּסְלָא (Munich manuscript כּוּסְלָא, Manuscript Florence כִּיסְ׳). ↗ original
כְּסִיסְטָא (ξέστης, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word) xestes, sextarius, a dry and liquid measure (nearly a pint).—plural כְּסִיסְטָאוֹת, כְּסוּ׳. Bereshith Rabbah section 4; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 5. [‘Rashi’ reads גְּזוּזְטְרָאוֹת.] ↗ original
כְּסִיקַבְיָא = כִּיסּוּי קַבְיָא. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 2, 9 some edition (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) כסי קמיא). ↗ original
כסירא , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 9, 31, see בְּסַר 2↗ original
כְּסִיתָא (כְּסֵי 2) [the covered, rare,] coral; coral-wood. Bava Bathra 80ᵇ, and the following; Rosh Hashanah 23ᵃ, see אַלְמוּג; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 314 סכסיתא (correct accordingly). Rosh Hashanah the passage cited דבי ארמאי מסקן כ׳ the light ships (see בּוּרְנִי) of the Romans are employed for fishing corals. the same place (ibid.) (describing the diving process) … וקטר בכ׳ and flax ropes are tied to the coral plants etc. Kethuboth 98ᵃ כ׳ דיתמי variant reading in Rashi (edition כיסתא) corals belonging to minor orphans. ↗ original
*כְּסִיתָּא a phonetic rendition of קְשִׂיטָה which see Bereshith Rabbah section 79 (corrupted version after Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word קשיטה) (they heard one woman say to another) אשאלי לי כְּסִיתְּתָךְ (for קשיטתך, meaning to say מרגליתיך); (and furthermore) אפיק הדא כ׳ למרעיא lead this K’sitta out to pasture (meaning to say אִימַּרְתָּא); [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) reads קשיט׳]. ↗ original
כֶּסֶךְ (transpos. of סכסך which see; compare גַּעְגֵּעַ), plural כְּסָכִים, כַּסְכַּסִּיםleather thongs for crosswise fastening (compare Biblical Hebrew שָׂרַךְ a. שְׂרוֹךְ נַעַל). Shabbath 138ᵇ הגוד בכְסָכָיו Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Oxford manuscript בכַסְכַּסָּיו; edition בכיסנא, read: בכיסכא; Munich manuscript חגור בנסבא, read: הגוד בכסכא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) it is permitted to stretch the milk (or wine) bag by its thongs, see גּוֹד. the same place (ibid.) 139ᵇ בכילה ובכְסָכֶיהָ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition ובכַסְכַּסֶּיהָ) wrapt in a bed-curtain with the thongs attached. ↗ original
כִּסְכּוּס (next word) rubbing. Zevachim 94ᵇ כיבוס דלית ליה כ׳ וכ׳ washing without rubbing is not called kibbus↗ original
כִּסְכֵּס (see כְּסַס) to rub, scour. Niddah 9, 7 וצריך לכַסְכֵּס וכ׳ one must scour with these substances three times. Shabbath 141ᵃ מְכַסְכְּסוֹ מבפנים he may rub the mud off from the inside. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7, 10ᵃ bottom of the page ובלבד שלא יְכַסְכֵּס provided that he does not rub. to chew, gnaw, see כָּסַס. ↗ original
כַּסְכֵּס , to rub, to polish. Shabbath 140ᵃ כַּסְכּוּסֵי, see כִּיתָּנִיתָא. Moed Katan 10ᵇ לכַסְכּוּסֵי קירמי to gloss fine clothes by rubbing with a substance. Zevachim 94ᵇ top שכשוכי אין כסכוסי לא (quoted in Sh’ilt. d’R. Aḥai section 86; edition שכשוך … כיבוס …) cleansing by rinsing is permitted, by rubbing is forbidden. [Shabbath 147ᵃ כגון כסכוסי מאנא דמחזי כמרזב Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), a gloss, interpreting כיסי בבלייתא.] ↗ original
כַּסְכְּסַיָּיה (see the preceding) makers of confusion, of strife (compare Isaiah 19, 2), allegorical name of messengers from Sodom (Edom), see בַּזְבְּזַיָּיה. Shabbath 67ᵃ Munich manuscript (edition כס כסיא, read: כַּסְכְּסַיָּא). ↗ original
כסכסייך , a word in a charm formula (see the preceding). Shabbath 67ᵃ Munich manuscript (missing in edition). ↗ original
כֶּסֶל common gender (Biblical Hebrew; [incision,] groin, loin.—Bechoroth 40ᵃ, see כָּסוּל. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 133 (quoted frequently Midrash Vayisu) בכסא ימנית (correct accordingly) in the right loin.—plural כְּסָלִים, כְּסָלִין. Tosefta Bechoroth 4, 10 [read:] כל שכְּסָלָיו יוצאין a kasul is one whose loins protrude. Shabbath 31ᵇ וישׁ להם חלב על הכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כִּסְלָם) and yet have fat on the groins (are careless).—Transferred (compare טפש) laziness, inactivity; trust; thought. Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 742; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 819 quoted frequently Ylamdenu (see Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word כסל) כִּסְלָם … מחשבתם וכ׳kislam (Psalms 78, 7) means their thought, as we read (Leviticus 3, 4, compare כִּלְיָה) ‘that which is by the loins’; (other opinion) טיפשותן it means their inactivity, as it is said (Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 4, 5) etc.; (other opinion) בטחונן their trust as we read (Job 31, 24) etc. ↗ original
כִּסְלֵו see Schrader KAT2, p. 380) Kislev, the ninth month of the Jewish calendar, of thirty or twenty-nine days, beginning between the third of November and the first of December, and ending between the third of December and the second of January. Targum Zechariah 7, 1; and elsewhere—Shabbath 21ᵇ. Megillah Taanith Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9. ↗ original
כְּסַן (compare כְּסַס) [to scrape, compare חָסַד 2,] to rebuke, chastise. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 21, 18; and elsewhere, see below. Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּסֵּין, כַּסֵּןsame. Targum Psalms 38, 2; and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְסֵיןsame. the same place (ibid.) 17, 4. the same place (ibid.) 118, 18 מִכְסְנָא אֲכְסְנַנִי (some edition מִכְסָא); and frequently ↗ original
כְּסָן (the preceding; compare חֶרֶס I) mud, mire (from its white and glistening surface). Targum Psalms 40, 3 edition Lagarde edition (edition סיין, סאין, סכן; Regia כַּסְיָאן). Targum Job 8, 11 כיסנא edition Lagarde edition (edition ביסנא, בִּצָּא). the same place (ibid.) 41, 22 כְּסָאן manuscript (edition כַּסָּאן, סָאָן), see סְיָן. ↗ original
כָּסַסto cut, grind, chew, nibble. Tosefta Berachoth 4, 6 הכּוֹסֵס חטים he who chews wheat grains; Berachoth 37ᵃ; and frequently—Bamidbar Rabbah section 11 (referring to אש אכלת, Exodus 24, 17) … שבע היו כוֹסְסוֹת זו בזו seven partitions (strata) of fire were eating into one another; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Haḥod. p. 45ᵃ; Pesikta Rabbati section 15 בוססות (correct accordingly); see טָכַס. (Biblical Hebrew) to make incisions, to mark, count. Mechilta Bo. section 3; Pesachim 61ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, 32ᵃ bottom of the page, see נָכַס. Pilp. כִּסְכֵּסto chew etc. Tanchuma Vayigg. 3 מְכַסְכֵּס בשיניו cut (the bronze peas) with his teeth.—5. סִכְסֵךְ 2. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְכַּסְכֵּס, נִיכַּ׳to be gnawed at (by fire), be charred. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 4, 62ᶜ bottom of the page בשביל שלא תִכַּסְכֵּס (probably to be read תתכ׳) that it (the log) may not catch fire. ↗ original
כְּסַסto cut, chew. Yoma 81ᵇ; Berachoth 36ᵇ כַּס פילפלי וכ׳ if one chewed pepper on the Day of Atonement. Megillah 7ᵇ בעאי למֵיכַס וכ׳ I should have liked to chew the plate after it; Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1059 דאִיכְסִיסֵיה (not דאיב׳). [to cut or scratch off, peel, diminish, (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1777),] to rebuke, chastise (see כְּסַן). Targum Proverbs 9, 8 תִכוּס (edition Lagarde edition תָכֵיסAf.). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכֵּס, אָכֵיסto give to chew. Kethuboth 77ᵃ אַכְסוּהוּ שערי וכ׳ give El. barley to chew (as to an animal, i.e. he is an ignoramus). the same place (ibid.) על דא אכסוה וכ׳ on account of this (opinion), they gave El. barley to eat in Babylonia. to rebuke, chastise. Targum Proverbs the passage cited, see above. the same place (ibid.) 28, 23. ↗ original
כָּסַף (Biblical Hebrew) to peel, whiten (compare חָסַף).—participle passive כָּסוּף, plural כְּסוּפִיםbright. Sifré Deuteronomy 13 וותיקים כ׳ distinguished (of position), bright of intellect; the same place (ibid.) Numbers 92 וכסופים. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְסִיףto grow pale, fade, wither. Pesachim 3, 5 (explained שיאור) כל שהִכְסִיפוּ פניו כאדם וכ׳ a dough the surface of which becomes pale and wrinkled, like (the sight of) a man whose hair (שַׂעַר) stands up from fright. Niddah 47ᵃ משיַכְסִיף ראש וכ׳ when the centre of the oblate portion of the breast begins to be wrinkled; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6, 4 משיִכָּסֵף (Nif'al). Shabbath 34ᵇ ה׳ התחתון when the lower horizon becomes pale (is no longer red); Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᵇ bottom of the page—Pesachim 39ᵃ פניו מַכְסִיפִין the leaves look faded (and curled); and elsewhere to deteriorate, fall in value, opposite השביח (compare חָסַר). Arachin 30ᵃ וה׳ ועמד על מנה and fell until it was worth only one Manah. Kethuboth 80ᵇ שמא תַכְסִיף the soil may deteriorate (through neglect); and elsewhere to put to shame; to frighten, to alarm. Shemoth Rabbah section 35 (play on כֶּסֶף, I Chronicles 29, 4) שהיה מַכְסִיף כל הזהבים it alarmed all gold-workers (emptying their shops); Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 10; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᵈ top שהיה מ׳ בעד וכ׳ spread alarm among all the shops of etc. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְסַףto grow pale etc., see above. ↗ original
כְּסַף 1 , to feel ashamed, frightened. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 12, 14 (Hebrew text הכלם); and elsewhere—Arachin 16ᵇ דלִיכְסוֹף זרעיה וכ׳ that the seed of Rab should be put to shame through me. Taanith 22ᵃ וכְסִיפָא להו מילתא וכ׳ Munich manuscript 2 a. Rashi (Munich manuscript 1 only וכסיפא להו, edition ואִכְּסִיפוּIthpeel) and the gentlemen (you) felt abashed to tell us; and frequently—[Targum Psalms 41, 7 יכסף some edition, read: יכנף, see כְּנַף I.] Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּסֵּיף, , Af. אַכְסֵיףto frighten; to put to shame. Targum Psalms 44, 10; and frequently—Kiddushin 81ᵃ כַּסִּיפְתִּינָן (כַּסַּפְ׳) thou didst frighten us (by a false alarm). Chagigah 5ᵃ וכַסַּפְתֵּיה and thou didst put him to shame; Koheleth Rabbah end וכַסִּיפְתֵּיה. Shabbath 3ᵇ דאי לאו … כספתיה וכ׳ for if he were not a great man, thou mightst have put him to shame, for he might have given thee an inappropriate reply. Horayoth 13ᵇ מַכְסְפִיתוּ לי Munich manuscript (edition כסיפיתנן, corrupted כַּסִּיפְתּוּנָן) you might have put me to shame; and elsewhere to reduce in value, to cause deterioration. Kethuboth 104ᵇ מְכַסְּפֵי (or מַכְסְפֵי) they (the heirs) will neglect it (instead of improving).—[ to feel ashamed. Targum Psalms 74, 21 מַכְסִיף (probably to be read: מַכְסַף or מְכַסַּף, participle passive).] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְכַּסַּף, אִיכַּ׳,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּסֵף, אִיכְּסִיףto be made pale, to be frightened, to be put to shame. Targum Job 6, 20; and elsewhere—Kiddushin the passage cited מוטב תִּיכַּסְּפוּ … ולא תיכספו מיני וכ׳ it is better that you of the house of Amram be frightened through me in this world, than that you should be ashamed of me (as a sinner) in the world to come. Bava Bathra 111ᵃ; Avodah Zarah 36ᵃ איכ׳ he felt alarmed. Taanith 25ᵃ אִיכַּסְּפָא ועיילא וכ׳ (missing in Munich manuscript) she felt abashed and went etc.; and frequently ↗ original
כֶּסֶףthe preceding words) silver; (supply (understood word) מעה) a silver piece, M’ah (one sixth of a Denar, see Zuckermann Talmudische Munzen und Gewichte, Breslau 1862 Jüd. Münz. p. 15; p. 33, note 203); in gen. money, value. Kiddushin 1, 1 בכ׳ by (handing to her) an object of value. Yevamoth 63ᵇ שמזונותיו תלויין בכַסְפּוֹ whose livelihood depends on his money (a money-lender). Shevuoth 6, 1 הטענה שתי כ׳ the claim must amount to no less than two M’ah. Tosefta Kethuboth 13 (12), 3 כ׳ בבל the Babylonian silver standard; כ׳ א"י the Palestinean etc. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ שדיברה … זו היא כ׳ צורי זה ירושלמי wherever the Torah speaks of Kesef (as fines), it must be paid according to the Tyrian standard … that is the Jerusalem kesef (eight times the provincial kesefכ׳ מדינה, see Zuckermann Talmudische Munzen und Gewichte, Breslau 1862 the passage cited); and very frequently—plural כְּסָפִים. Bava Metzia 42ᵃ; Pesachim 31ᵇ כ׳ אין להם שמירה וכ׳ coins given in trust are not duly guarded unless they are buried in the ground. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, beginning 41ᵇ בשלשה … ובכ׳ by three methods was the land of Israel divided, by lots, by the Urim and Tummim, and according to the value of property; and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּסַף 2 Targum Genesis 20, 16. the same place (ibid.) 44, 8; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 58ᵈ יַקִּירָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 3, 65ᵈ top מתמני בכ׳ appointed to office for money. Bava Kamma 87ᵃ אפחתה מכַּסְפָּהּ Munich manuscript he lessened her value; and frequently—plural כַּסְפַּיָּיא. Targum Genesis 42, 25; 35.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim the passage cited לא בכ׳ אתמני was it not through gifts of money that he was appointed? ↗ original
כַּסְפָּא 2 (in Nabatean dialect) = חַסְפָּא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 1, 37ᵃ and elsewhere, see חַסְפָּא 2↗ original
כָּסִפְיָא (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a place Casifia. Vayikra Rabbah section 5 (referring to ארץ רחבת ידים, Isaiah 22, 18) זו כ׳ (some edition כסיפא, see Rashi to Isaiah the passage cited) that means the exile to C. ↗ original
כְּסַפְתָּא (denominative of כַּסְפָּא) money-chest. Bava Kamma 62ᵃ. Chullin 133ᵇ ↗ original
כסרא , Targum Job 18, 13 edition Lagarde edition, read: בִּסְרָא or כְּבִסְרָאas meat, a gloss to תקוף משכיה. ↗ original
כֶּסֶתbag, bolster, cushion. Mikvaoth 10, 2 הכר והכ׳ של עור mattress and pillow cases of leather; כ׳ עגולה a round cushion (closed all around). Berachoth 8, 3; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6 (5), 3 על הכ׳ on the cushion (whereon the diner reclines); and frequently—plural כְּסָתוֹת. Gittin 56ᵃ. Kilayim 9, 2; and frequently—כִּסִּיּוֹת, כִּיסִּ׳. Tosefta Zavim 4, 4 מוטל על ה׳ כ׳ stretched on five (separated) bolsters; Zavim 4, 4 (Talmud edition כסאות, edition Dehr. כסיות). (in a transferred sense) thick flesh.—plural כְּסָתוֹת. Bechoroth 45ᵃ כ׳ calves. Bereshith Rabbah section 17; Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 19 לתחתיתו כ׳ thick flesh of the ischium; Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 969 כסות (correct accordingly). הכ׳, Hakkeseth, surname of one Ben Tsitsith. Gittin the passage cited [כסת, Sifra Bechukkothai Parah 2, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 5, see כָּסַח.] ↗ original
כָּעוּס (participle passive of כָּעַס) an excited serpent. Shabbath 62ᵇ (play on תעכסנה, Isaiah 3, 16) ומכניסות … כארס בכ׳ they caused lust to seize their (the men’s) hearts (as hot as) as the venom of the excited serpent; (older editions כארס נחש כעוס; Oxford manuscript כא׳ של עכנה, Munich manuscript כאש בנעורת); Yoma 9ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 264.—5. כָּעַס. ↗ original
כְּעִירוּת (כָּעַר) ugliness, repulsiveness. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 9, end, 50ᵈ אוף היא עצמה מביאה לידי כ׳ even this very thing (neglect of toilet) will make her repulsive (in her husband’s eyes); Sifra M’tsora, end (נכנס הדבר לידי איבה). Esther Rabbah to 1, 3 (opposite ניֹי). ↗ original
כַּעַךְ , plural כַּעֲכִים, כַּעֲכִין (= כעכע, transpos. of עכעך, formed like כֶּסֶךְ; compare כַּכָּא) [teeth,] pronged and lengthy unleavened cakes. Tosefta Challah 1, 7 עשאה כ׳ if he shaped ‘the dogs’ dough’ into prongs, opposite לימודין; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, end, 58ᵃ כעבין (correct accordingly); Berachoth 38ᵃ top כעכים a. לימודין Munich manuscript (edition כעב׳ a. כלימודין). Pesachim 48ᵇ ↗ original
כַּעֲכָא, plural כַּעֲכֵי same. Berachoth 42ᵃ top ריפי כ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition only ריפתי, Manuscript Florence כעכי ריפתא; variant reading in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כַּכֵּי). ↗ original
כְּעַן (contracted of כְּעִידָּן, see כְּדוּן) now. Targum Onkelos Numbers 24, 4; 6 (Yerushalmi (prefix) כדון, Hebrew text עתה). Targum 2 Samuel 3, 8 מכ׳ (Hebrew text היום); and frequently—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1 הוינה כד הוינא ברם כ׳ וכ׳ I was (king) when I was, but now I am no more. ↗ original
כְּעֶנֶת adverb (עני) correspondingly, וּכְ׳and so forth, i.e. and as the corresponding titles may be. Ezra 4, 10; and elsewhere—the same place (ibid.) 17 וּכְעֶת. ↗ original
כָּעַס (Biblical Hebrew) [to be dark, hot, compare חמץ,] to be angry, displeased. Berachoth 61ᵇ top, see כָּבֵד 3. Temurah 16ᵃ (play on עַכְסָה) כל … כּוֹעֵס על וכ׳ whoever saw her became displeased with his own wife. Nedarim 22ᵃ, and frequently כל הכועס whoever allows himself to be carried away by his wrath. Shemoth Rabbah section 45 מטרונה שכָּעֲסָה על וכ׳ a matron (queen) that was angry with the king’s daughter; and frequently—participle passive כָּעוּס, feminine כְּעוּסָה; plural כְּעוּסִים, כְּעוּסוֹת. the same place (ibid.) כשיהיו פניך כ׳ וכ׳ when thou shalt be angry, I shall conciliate thee etc.; (Tanchuma Ki Thissa 27 כשאהיה אני בכעס); and elsewhere—5. כָּעוּס.— to grow hot in the stomach, to ferment, swell. Gittin 70ᵃ לכשתִּכְעוֹס תעמוד על מליאה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition מילואך) when it (the food) swells, it will just fill the capacity of thy stomach. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְעִיסto provoke to anger. Devarim Rabbah section 3. שהם עתידים להַכְעִיס אותי that they are going to provoke me (through idolatry). Avoth 5, 2 היו מַכְעִיסִין וכ׳ were constantly provoking (the Lord). Sanhedrin 27ᵃ, and frequently להַכְעִיס in a spirit of defiance, see מוּמָר; and frequently—Imper. אַכְעִיס (for הכעיס). Ruth Rabbah end (referring to Psalms 4, 5) ארגיז יצרך … א׳ יצרך ולא תחטא let thy tempter rage, but sin not; but the Rabbis say, arouse thy (good) inclination to indignation, and thou shalt not sin. [Midrash Tehillim to Psalms the passage cited אַכְחֵישׁ … ואל יחטיאך weaken thy tempter (by ascetics) etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 627;—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shubah, p. 158ᵃ אכופס, correct accordingly] ↗ original
כְּעַס Targum Psalms 112, 10.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 7, 11ᵇ bottom of the page שמע … מלכא וכ׳ King Jannai heard of it and became angry; Bereshith Rabbah section 91; and frequently—[Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 38, 15 כְּעִיסַת אפין angry-looking, morose (Hebrew text כסתה פניה); probably a. corruption of כַּסִּיאַת, and רחים, at the end of the sentence, to be read חכים; compare Bereshith Rabbah section 85]. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְעַסto provoke to anger; א׳ (עובדא) קדםto act provokingly, defiantly against. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 32, 19. the same place (ibid.) 21.—Esther Rabbah introduction מדאַכְעֲסוּ … עובדיהון וכ׳ when the beloved children (Israel) defied etc.; (Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1044; Yalkut Shimoni Job 920 ארגיזו). ↗ original
כַּעַסthe preceding) anger, grief. Tosefta Yevamoth 6, 6 היה לה כ׳ מבעלה if she had been living on bad terms with her husband; Yevamoth 42ᵇ; Kethuboth 60ᵇ בבית בעלה; Eruvin 47ᵃ עם ב׳. Shemoth Rabbah section 45 כשאהיה בכ׳ וכ׳, see כָּעַס. Avoth 4, 18 אל … בשעת כּעֲסוֹ do not try to pacify thy neighbor while he is excited. Sifré Numbers 157, see כְּלָל; and frequently ↗ original
כַּעֲסָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 32, 19. the same place (ibid.) 27. ↗ original
כָּעַר (compare כָּעַס) to be dark, ugly, repulsive (compare אוּכְמָא).—participle passive כָּעוּר, כָּאוּר; feminine כְּעוּרָה; plural כְּעוּרִים, כְּעוּרִין; כְּעוּרוֹת, כְּא׳ a) ugly, ungainly. Bereshith Rabbah section 36 לפיכך … כ׳ ומפוחם therefore shall this man (thou) be ugly and black. Bava Kamma 9, 4 (100ᵇ) צבעו כ׳, see כַּלְכּוּס. Esther Rabbah to 1, 12 אם רואין אותי כ׳ if they find me ungainly. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 11; and frequently—b) unbecoming, indecent. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 7, 31ᶜ top כא׳ הדבר תצא that is indecent conduct, and cause for divorce; (Yevamoth 24ᵇ, and the following מכוער). Bereshith Rabbah section 60 שכ׳ לאיש וכ׳ for it is unbecoming for a man to walk behind a woman.—c) (compare חָוַר) not evident, strange, implausible. Chullin 115ᵇ; 117ᵃ; Kiddushin 9ᵇ כעורה זו ששנה וכ׳ is what R. … taught to be rejected?—Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 2, 2 כ׳ מזו טימא וכ׳ something more strange than this (or more inappropriate to be used as a seat) did R. … declare unclean. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיעֵרto make or declare repulsive.—participle passive מְכוֹעָר, feminine מְכוֹעֶרֶת; plural מְכוֹעָרִין, מְכוֹעָרוֹת = כָּעוּר etc. Kethuboth 105ᵃ מ׳ הדיין וכ׳ contemptible is the judge who receives fees for giving judgment. Yevamoth 24ᵇ, and the following, see above. Yoma 86ᵃ כמה מכ׳ דרכיו how mean are his ways!; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכָּעַרto appear ugly, become ungainly. Bereshith Rabbah section 17 הִתְכָּעַרְתִּי בעיניו I appeared repulsive to him. Bereshith Rabbah section 45 מִתְכָּעֶרֶת ומתעזבת she becomes ungainly and is neglected. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 14 מתכ׳ ומתועבת, see תָּעַב. ↗ original
כְּעַר ; Pa. כַּעֵר, participle passive מְכַעַר, feminine מְכַעֲרָאrepulsive, ugly. Naḥ. 3, 6 (Hebrew text כראי).—Kethuboth 60ᵇ bottom of the page בני מְכַעֲרֵי (not מכוערי) ugly children (different interpretation or differently interpreted from אוכמי). ↗ original
כַּף common gender (Biblical Hebrew; [something arched, hollow,] palm of the hand, hand.—Dualכַּפַּיִם. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᶜ bottom of the page, see חָטַף. Nazir 46ᵇ, see כָּנָף; and frequently—נשא כ׳ to raise the hands, to pronounce the priestly benediction. Berachoth 5, 4 לא ישא את כַּפָּיו must not pronounce etc.; and frequently sole of the foot. Du. as ab. Chullin 70ᵇ מהלכי כ׳ animals walking on soles (having no split hoofs, Leviticus 11, 27).—Transferred glove; sole of the shoe. Kelim 26, 3 כף לוקטי(ם) קוצים (Rabbenu Shimshon כפלוקטי) the thorn-pickers’ glove. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 4, 5 רוב כף אחת, the larger portion of one sole; כל כף אחת the whole of etc. the crest (fleshy elevation) over the genitals. Tosefta Niddah 6, 4, and the following עד שתפשט את הכף (variant reading משתתפשט) when the crest (of the girl) begins to flatten; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 1, 2ᵈ bottom of the page עד שתתפשט הכף; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 8, beginning 26ᵃ משתתפשט הכ׳ (of a male); Niddah 47ᵃ, and the following נתמעך הכ׳ the crest grows lower. the same place (ibid.) 52ᵇ אחת על הכ׳ one hair on the crest; and elsewhere pan, censer. Tamid 5, 4 (containing the בָּזָךְ). the same place (ibid.) 7, 2 כף וכסויה the censer and its lid; and frequently—plural כַּפּוֹת. Bamidbar Rabbah section 14; and elsewhere spoon, mason’s trowel etc. Kelim 13, 2; 4; and frequently Shabbath 8, 5 כ׳ סיד, explained the same place (ibid.) 80ᵇ כ׳ של סיידין the plasterers’ trowel.—plural כַּפִּים, כַּפִּין. Middoth 3, 4 כפין של ברזל Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כפיס, variant reading כפים) iron trowels. (with, or without מאזנים) scale of the balance. Avoth 2, 8. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Aḥăré, p. 167ᵃ כ׳ עוונות וכ׳ the scale of sins on the one side, and that of merits on the other; והקב"ה מטה לכ׳ זכות and the Lord bends (the balance) towards the scale of merits. Avoth 1, 6, see זְכוּת; and frequently—Du. כַּפַּיִים, כַּפַּיִין. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 2, 5 (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) כיפין, read: כפיין). shore, banks (see כֵּיפָא). Bamidbar Rabbah section 13, see חָף.—plural כַּפִּים, construct state כַּפֵּי. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Ḥăn. 3) (transl. גיא המלח, 2 Chronicles 25, 11) כ׳ המלח the salt shores. ↗ original
כַּף ²palm, hand. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 3, 19.—plural כַּפַּיָּא. Targum Psalms 98, 8 (see, however, Bamidbar Rabbah section 13, under the word חָף). border, shore, see כֵּיפָא. bundle, sheaf. Sanhedrin 26ᵇ bottom of the page חד גנב כ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 6, variant reading in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הזמת כ׳, see הזמת; edition קבא דשערי) one stole a sheaf.—plural (כֵּיפֵי) כַּפִּין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 3, 5ᵈ bottom of the page מיתן תלתא כ׳ וכ׳ to bring three bunches (of twigs) and put dishes upon them. Gittin 86ᵇ דביני כיפי, see דִּידְבָא. Pesachim 40ᵃ, see הֲפַךְ. Nedarim 48ᵇ top כי׳ דכיתנא flax bunches, see שְׁמַט; and elsewhere—the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page דשדיא בכיפי, see כְּפֵילָא. top branch of palm trees (see כִּיפָּה).—plural כַּפֵּי. Sukkah 32ᵃ ואימא תרתי כ׳ דתמרי perhaps kappoth (Leviticus 23, 40) means two tops of palm trees? pan, spoon etc. Pesachim 28ᵃ, see חֲטַט I. Shabbath 142ᵇ מנח כ׳ אכיפי (Munich manuscript כיפא) placed a ladle on a pile of sheaves. Chullin 54ᵃ מאי כ׳ what kappa do yon mean?—כ׳ דידא pan of the fore foot (shoulder), כ׳ דמוחאscullshoulder(also of human beings). Bava Bathra 96ᵇ top אכ׳ Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition אכתפא); Sotah 34ᵃ bottom of the page בכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition לכתפיה); Taanith 23ᵇ אחד כַּפֵּיה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כתפיה), see כַּתְּפָא.—Sotah 6ᵇ … אטו בכַפָּהּ תלי לה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בכיפה) do the young priests (that guard the woman) suspend her by her shoulder (Rashi: by her cap), i.e. can they watch all her movements? ↗ original
כַּפָּא 2 (Κάππα) the Greek letter Kappa, as a numeral (κʹ) twenty. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 (חד בר נש) רבתי, see דּוֹקְיָיא. ↗ original
כִּפּוּרredemption, atonement; mostly plural כִּפּוּרִים, כִּי׳. Meïl. 2, 1 מחוסר כ׳ one wanting the ceremony of atonement for full restoration to cleanness; and frequently—יוֹם כִּפּוּר, mostly יום הַכִּפּוּרִים (abbr. יוה"כ, יה"כ, י"ה) Day of Atonement, the tenth day of Tishri. Yoma 85ᵇ יום כפור edition (Munich manuscript יום הכפורים). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 1, 32ᵈ bottom of the page י"ה a. יום הכפו׳. Zevachim 5, 1. Yoma 1, 1. the same place (ibid.) 4 ערב יוה"כ on the eve of the Day of Atonement (the ninth of Tishri). the same place (ibid.) 8, 9 אחטא … אין יה"כ מכפר if one says, I will sin, and repent, the Day of At. will bring him no atonement. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7, 45ᵇ bottom of the page, see אֶפֶשׁ; a frequently—Sifré Numbers 24 ומה כפורים וכ׳ (= יה"כ) the institution of the Day of Atonement being a strict one etc.—יה"כ Yom hak-Kippurim, name of a treatise of the Tosefta, see יוֹמָא. ↗ original
כִּפּוּר ² Targum Hosea 3, 2.—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Leviticus 23, 29 יום צום כִּפּוּרֵיה.—plural כִּפּוּרַיָּא, כִּפּוּרֵי, כִּי׳.—Targum Exodus 29, 36; and frequently—יומא דכפורא, י׳ דכפורי, י׳ דכפוריאDay of Atonement. Targum Leviticus 23, 27; and frequently—Yoma 20ᵃ; and frequently—Kethuboth 67ᵇ מעלי יומא דכ׳ = ערב יה"כ, see the preceding↗ original
כְּפוֹר 1 [crust,] hoar-frost, compare גָּלִיד. Oholoth 8, 5; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 14, 6. Mikvaoth 7, 1. ↗ original
כְּפוֹר 2 see the preceding) (probably) plated vessel.—plural כְּפוֹרִים, construct state כְּפוֹרֵי. Zevachim 25ᵃ; 93ᵇ; Menachoth 7ᵇ (referring to Ezra 1, 10, etymol. frequently כפרto wipe off). ↗ original
כְּפוֹרָא 1 Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew כְּפוֹר I. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 16, 14. ↗ original
כְּפוֹרָא 2 . Targum I Chronicles 28, 17.—plural construct state כְּפוֹרֵי. the same place (ibid.) ↗ original
כְּפוֹרָא 3 , cyprus flower.—plural כְּפוֹרִין. Targum Song of Songs 4, 13. ↗ original
כַּפּוֹרֵי (see כִּפּוּרָא) atonement; בית כ׳the place of atonement, see next word—Targum Leviticus 16, 2 (some edition O. כַּפּוּרְתָּא). Targum I Chronicles 28, 11 (Hebrew text בית הכפרת). Targum I Kings 6, 5 (Hebrew text דביר); and elsewhere ↗ original
כַּפּוֹרֶת see the preceding) [cover; in symbolical language place of atonement,] cover of the Holy Ark. Sifra Vayikra, N’dabah, Parah 1, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2. Menachoth 27ᵇ אל פני הכ׳ up to the very front of the kapporeth, contradistinguished to מבית לפ׳ the room occupied by the k., Holy of Holies. the same place (ibid.) מקדש שני דלא הוו ארון וכ׳ during the Second Temple when ark and cover no longer existed. Yoma 55ᵃ; and elsewhere (= בית הכ׳) the innermost of the Temple, the Holy of Holies(מקדש הקדש). Shekalim 6, 5; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 1 זהב לַכַּ׳ (inscription on one of the offering boxes) ‘Gold for the k.,’ explained the same place (ibid.) 6 עושין … ציפוי לבית קה"ק of these offerings were made gold foils for the inside of the Holy of Holies. Tosefta Temurah 4, 8 אין … אפי׳ לאחורי בית הכ׳ we dare not use it for gold foils even for the back wall of etc.; [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): כְּפוֹרֶתplating for the Temple roof; commentary or commentaries כְּפֹ׳ (collect. noun) vessels, see כְּפוֹר 2.] ↗ original
כָּפוּת participle passive of כָּפַת. bandage.—plural כְּפוּתִים. Pesikta Rabbati section 31 כְּפוּתֵינוּ חזקים וכ׳ our bandages were as strong as iron.—[כְּפוּתִין, Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 7, 7, see קָבוּת.] ↗ original
כַּפּוּתָא (כְּפַף, compare כֵּיפָא I, כְּבוּיָא) ball, excrement. Bava Bathra 73ᵇ אפיק כ׳ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition רמא כופתא, Manuscript Hamburg רמא כפו׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 2; Rashi to Sanhedrin 98ᵇ רמי כופיתא) it cast a ball of excrement with which it obstructed the Jordan; Zevachim 113ᵇ כַּבָּא (Munich manuscript קלא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Shabbath 110ᵇ.—[Sanhedrin 98ᵇ, see כֵּיפְתָא; Rashi: excrement.—the same place (ibid.) 110ᵃ כי כופתא edition, Munich manuscript כפותא, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) מלפפונא]. ↗ original
כפי see כָּפַף) to bend over, invert, turn upside down. Tamid 5, 5 היה כּוֹפֶה עליהן וכ׳ he inverts a large vessel and puts it over them (the coals). the same place (ibid.) כּוֹפִין אותה וכ׳ they invert it over etc. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Ekhah, p. 123ᵃ כ׳ סיח את המנורה the ass (of gold, given as a bribe to the judge) has upset the lamp (offered on the other side; whence a proverbial expression for litigants outbidding each other in bribery); Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 1, 38ᶜ bottom of the page; Vayikra Rabbah section 21; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Aḥăré, p. 177ᵃ.—Esp. כ׳ את המיטהto upset the couch, to place the mattresses on or near the floor, as a sign of mourning, opposite to זָקַף. Moed Katan 15ᵇ top [euphemistic version, read with Munich manuscript:] דמות … בכם ובעונותיכם … כְּפוּ מיטותיכן וכ׳ I (the Lord) had placed my image among you, and for your sins I upset it (decreed death), upset now your beds; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 6ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᵃ top כְּפֵה מיטתך. the same place (ibid.) כבר כְּפִינוּם we have already lowered them (the couches); Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 5ᵈ bottom of the page כפיטם (correct accordingly). Kethuboth 4ᵇ כּוֹפֶה מיטתו he lowers his couch (when his wife is in mourning); כּוֹפָה מיטתה she lowers etc. (when her husband is in mourning); and frequently—participle passive כָּפוּי, feminine כְּפוּיָה, plural כְּפוּיִים, כְּפוּיוֹת. Tosefta Oholoth 12, 2 סאה כ׳ על פיה a dry measure turned upside down. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Ḥăn. 3) (play on כפי המלח, see כַּף) כְּפוּיֵי מלחמה those upset by war. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 6ᵃ top מטה כ׳ a lowered couch; and frequently—Esp. כְּפוּי טובהone on whom kindness is upset, ungrateful, unappreciative. Avodah Zarah 5ᵃ כפויי טובה בני וכ׳ you ungrateful ones, sons of ungrateful ones. Vayikra Rabbah section 4; and frequently to press, force. Kethuboth 5, 5 כּוֹפָהּ לעשות וכ׳ he may compel her to work in wool. Yevamoth 106ᵃ, and frequently כּוֹפִין אותו עד וכ׳ the court uses means of coercion, until he says ‘I will’, opposite to בעל כרחו. Sotah 46ᵇ כ׳ ללויה we force a host to escort (protect) his guest on parting. Bava Bathra 12ᵇ כגון זו כ׳ על מדת סדום in such a case we apply force on the ground of the law of equity (see סְדוֹם). Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᵈ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᶜ top וכוֹפִין do we compel (a son to support his father)? the same place (ibid.) כופין את הבן we do compel etc.—Rosh Hashanah 28ᵃ כְּפָאוֹ ואכל וכ׳ if somebody forced him, and he ate Matsah (on the first Passover night). the same place (ibid.) כ׳ שד a demon possessed him. the same place (ibid.) כְּפָאוּהוּ פרסיים Persians (gentiles) forced him; and frequently—[Sanhedrin 70ᵇ כפאתו, see כָּפַת.]—5. כּוּף I a. כָּפַף. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְפָּהto be inverted, upset; to be forced. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan the passage cited ויִכָּפֶה הסרסור let the agent (of sin, the evil inclination) be overpowered (by mourning ceremonies); Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth the passage cited ויכ׳ כפה (correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) 5ᵈ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan the passage cited אינה נִכְפֵּית need not be upturned, see דַּרְגֵּשׁ; and frequently to be overtaken by a demon, especially to be epileptic. Vayikra Rabbah section 26 ישראל … שנִכְפּוּ an Israelite and a priest that were afflicted etc.—Pesachim 112ᵇ אותו תינוק נִכְפֶּה that child will become epileptic. the same place (ibid.) בנים נִכְפִּין epileptic children; Kethuboth 60ᵇ (Chaldaic (Aramaic) form) בני נִכְפֵּי. Tosefta Bava Bathra 4, 5 נִכְפֵּית היא she is subject to epileptic attacks; Bava Metzia 80ᵃ. Yevamoth 64ᵇ משפחת נִכְפִּין a family subject to epilepsy. ↗ original
כְּפִיto bend, upturn, invert. Gittin 68ᵇ top כפא לקומתיה מיניה he bent his body away from it (the wall of the hut). Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page וכְפוּנוּן על רישיהון and they inverted the pots and put them over their heads; and elsewhere to force. Targum Esther 1, 22.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 1, 43ᵇ כָּפוּנֵיה ויהב לה חורן the court compelled him to give her another letter of divorce. Sanhedrin 107ᵃ, see כּוּף I Chaldaic (Aramaic) Bava Bathra 8ᵇ רבא כַּפְיֵיה וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition אַכְפִּיהAf.) Raba forced R. N. Kiddushin 45ᵇ כַּפְתֵיה עד וכ׳ she forced him, until etc. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְפֵּיsame. Bava Bathra 4ᵃ, see כּוּף I Chaldaic (Aramaic) Berachoth 56ᵃ ואַכְפָּה לך וכ׳ (Beth Nathan ואַכְפַּת) and she shall finally make thee yield, and thou shalt give them (thy daughters) away to her relatives; and elsewhere Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיתְכְּפִיto be upset. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ top איתְכְּפוּן, see אַנְדְּרָטָא. ↗ original
כְּפִיָיה (כָּפָה) inverting, כְּפִיַית המטה the lowering of the couch in mourning. Moed Katan 15ᵃ bottom of the page אבל חייב בכ׳ המ׳ a mourner is bound to have his couch lowered. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 9 מי שקיים כ׳ המ׳ וכ׳ he who has been observing the lowering of the couch for three days etc., needs not invert it etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 83ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original
כְּפֵילָא = Hebrew כֶּפֶל. Bava Kamma 65ᵇ כ׳ ד׳ וחומשא זוזא the thief’s fine amounts to four Zuz and the one-fifth-fine (see חוּמְשָׁא) to one Zuz; and elsewhere twofold condition. Nedarim 48ᵇ לאתויי מילתא דשדיא בכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (marginal version כפילה) to include that case (mentioned before) which was decided on the basis of a twofold eventuality (either the son or the grandson becoming a scholar); [edition הא … דשדיא בכיפי that case which came up in consequence of the son’s roaming about (stealing) sheaves of flax]. ↗ original
כְּפֵילָה (the preceding words) the double share of the first-born. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 8, 16ᵇ top, opposite פשוטה the single share. the same place (ibid.) כְּפֵילַת אביו the double share to which his (deceased) father would have been entitled. folding door.—plural כְּפֵילוֹת, כְּפֵל׳. Vayikra Rabbah section 16 כפו׳ (correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 557, see כָּפַל. twofold condition, see the preceding↗ original
כָּפֵילְתָּא (the preceding), מערת כ׳the double cave, Makhpelah. Targum Genesis 23, 19; and frequently [variant reading כַּפֵּי׳, כָּפֶי׳, כַּפֵי׳.] ↗ original
כָּפִין (כְּפַן) hungry, starving. Targum Psalms 107, 9; and elsewhere—5. כְּפַן I.—Megillah 7ᵇ (proverb) כ׳ עניא ולא ידע the poor man is hungry and knows it not (until food is placed before him). Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 12 ‘an evil disease’ מסכן ותשיש ערטיל וכ׳ one poor and feeble (unable to work), naked (unfit to go out) and hungry (see דגלוס).—Berachoth 58ᵇ; and frequently—plural כְּפִינִין, כְּפִינֵי. Targum Job 5, 5. Targum Psalms 107, 5. the same place (ibid.) 36 כפינין manuscript (edition Lagarde edition כפינים, other כָּפְנִים!) ↗ original
כְּפֵינֵי construct state (the preceding) want, need, desire. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 42, 19; 33 (Hebrew text רעבון). ↗ original
כָּפִיס see כְּפַס) girder, bond-lath. [Middoth 3, 4 כ׳ של ברזל, read כפים, see כַּף.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 3, 62ᵃ top שבכ׳, read: שבכִּפִּים, see שֵׁיץ.]—plural כְּפִיסִים, כְּפִיסִין. Bava Bathra 1, 1, see אָרִיחָא. Bava Metzia 117ᵇ תחתון שבא לשנות … בכ׳ when the owner of the lower story desires to make an alteration … in the girders. Tosefta Eruvin 11 (8), 2 כפיס׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כפיתים). Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 2, 3 שני כ׳ Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 22, 9 (edition כתיפין, כתפין, correct accordingly). ↗ original
כְּפִיפָה (כָּפַף) bending, being bent. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᵈ top לך כ׳ unto thee is bending due. the same place (ibid.) תזקפנו מכְּפִיפָתֵינוּ erect us from our humiliation. Sanhedrin 65ᵃ כְּפִיפַת קומתו bending one’s body (before the idol). Shabbath 104ᵃ (referring to the shape of certain letters, see כָּפַף) הוסיף … כ׳ על כְּפִיפָתוֹ the Lord has given thee repeated admonitions to humility, see מָנוֹד. (see קְפִיפָה; compare Assyr. kuppu, Schrader KAT2, p. 582) cage, prison. Kethuboth 72ᵃ, and frequently אין אדם דר עם נחש בכ׳ nobody can be expected to dwell in a cage with a serpent, i.e. no man or woman can be compelled to live with an obnoxious consort. Tosefta Demai 3, 9; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 22ᵈ bottom of the page [muzzle, in gen.] a basket of osier, see זְמָמָא. Kelim 26, 1 כ׳ מצרית a basket made of palm twigs; Sotah 2, 1; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 8, end, 45ᶜ אין … מתוך כ׳ וכ׳ an ass brays only when a basket of carobs is before him, i.e. living in plenty makes haughty, compare Berachoth 32ᵃ.—Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 5, 8 variant reading, see כְּפִישָׁה; and frequently—plural כְּפִיפוֹת. Terumoth 9, 3 תולה כ׳ וכ׳ we may muzzle beasts by hanging baskets with fodder etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, 46ᵈ top תולה כ׳ … בדישו you may hang a basket over the neck of a beast in threshing. ↗ original
כְּפִירָה (כָּפַר) denial. Bava Metzia 4ᵃ טענה וכ׳ claim and denial. Shevuoth 39ᵇ כְּפִירַת טענה, see טַעֲנָה. Bava Metzia 36ᵃ כ׳ ממון, see בִּיטּוּי. the same place (ibid.) 4ᵇ, and elsewhere כ׳ שעבוד קרקעות a disputed hypothecary obligation; and frequently ↗ original
כְּפִישָׁה (כָּפַשׁ) an inverted vessel, usually a vessel divided into two compartments by the bottom between. T’bul Yom 4, 2 בכ׳ מצרית או וכ׳ on an inverted basket of twigs or on a tray (which have no distinct receptacles, בית קבול); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 14; Niddah 7ᵃ; Tosefta Demai 3, 1 לפי כפישא edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading לתיך) on the rim of an inverted vessel; Gittin 62ᵃ בכפישא או באנחותא. Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 5, 8 עשויה ככ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בכפיפה, read ככ׳) formed like a k’fisha, i.e. resting on the projecting sides, not on pegs. Oholoth 5, 6 וכ׳ נתונה עליה and an inverted vessel put on it as a tight lid. the same place (ibid.) 7 כ׳ שהיא … שבתוך הכ׳ וכ׳ if a k’fisha is put on pegs … with an unclean object beneath, the things which lie in the (upper compartment of the) k. are clean. the same place (ibid.) 11, 8 וכ׳ נתונה … וכ׳ עומדת an inverted vessel is so put over it, that it would remain in position if you removed etc. the same place (ibid.) 9 בין שפתי הכ׳ לבין וכ׳ between the sides (the hollow space) of the inverted vessel over the cistern and the sides of the cistern; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 8, 38ᵃ זה שהוא מודד בכ׳ וכ׳ one who measures fruits in a k. whose capacities he has found out by using it twice or three times.—Transferred מדד בכ׳to deal unfairly. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 13, 13ᶜ, see כָּפַשׁ. Tanchuma Thazr. 6 variant reading; edition Buber edition 8 אין הקב"ה מודד בכ׳ (not בנפישה) the Lord has not two measures for man. (colloquial expression) כְּפִי׳ or כְּפוּשָׁהan ungainly woman. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 24 [read as] Yalkut Shimoni Job 917 אבוד הבחור הזה על הכ׳ הזו this fine young man has thrown himself away on this etc. [Midrash Tehillim the passage cited באפריון ככ׳ הזאת, edition Buber edition דכ׳, strike out ככ׳ הזאת or דכ׳, see Yalkut Shimoni the passage cited] ↗ original
כָּפַלto bend over, fold, double. Berachoth 63ᵃ כּוֹפְלִין לו וכ׳ his means of support will be doubled to him. Bereshith Rabbah section 95, end כל מי שכ׳ שמו וכ׳ every one whose name the Scripture mentions twice in the blessings of Moses; (Bava Kamma 92ᵃ אותן שהוּכְפְּלוּ בשמות). Sukkah 3, 11 … מקום לִכְפּוֹל יִכְפּוֹל where it is customary to recite twice (each verse of Psalms 118, 21—29), let one do so. Tosefta Pesachim 10, 9 רבי היה כּוֹפֵל בה דברים Rabbi used to repeat certain words (in singing the Hallel); Pesachim 119ᵇ; Sukkah 39ᵃ מוסיף לכפול מאודך וכ׳ adds (to Rabbi’s repetitions) by doubling the verses from Od’kha (Psalms the passage cited). Sifra Vayikra, N’dabah, Parah 10, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12; Menachoth 6, 4 (75ᵇ) כופל אחד וכ׳ (Babylonian edition קופל) he folds it twice over and breaks it (into four parts). Nedarim 61ᵇ יכפלו, see קָפַל. Gittin 62ᵃ כּוֹפְלִין שלום וכ׳ we must double the greeting (say twice shalom) etc. Bava Metzia 104ᵇ לכפול וכ׳ where it is costumary to write out the K’thubah for double the amount of the dowry, half the amount is collected; and frequently—participle passive כָּפוּל, feminine כְּפוּלָה; plural כְּפוּלִים, כְּפוּלִין; כְּפוּלוֹת. Kelim 27, 5 נמדד כ׳ is measured as it is doubled (folded). the same place (ibid.) 6.—Oholoth 11, 3 כ׳ variant reading in Rabbenu Shimshon ad loc. (on the passage) (edition ק׳) folded up one above the other. Nedarim 66ᵇ כ׳ הן her ears are bent over (deformed).—Treatise Sof’rim 2, 11 אותיות הכ׳ letters which have two forms (מנצפך); and frequently—תנאי כ׳, see תְּנַאי. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְפַּלto be doubled. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᶜ top נִכְפְּלוּ לו שניו his years of life were doubled to him. Bereshith Rabbah section 30, beginning; Tanchuma Sh’moth 18, and elsewhere כל מי שנ׳ שמו every one whose name appears twice in immediate succession (as Noah Noah, Genesis 6, 9); and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְפִּילto double, fold up. Nedarim 61ᵇ, and the following, see קָפַל. Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּכְפָּלto be doubled, bent. the same place (ibid.), see קָפַל. Moed Katan 25ᵇ (in a poetic eulogy) קאת … הוּכְפְּלוּ לראות וכ׳ pelican and owl were bent upon looking (took pains to see, compare next word Ithp.).—Bava Kamma 92ᵃ, see above.—participle passive מוּכְפָּל (Pu. מְכוּפָּל) doubly guarded, surrounded. Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 557 מוכ׳ כמה כְפֵלוֹת; Vayikra Rabbah section 16 מכו׳ בכמה כפולות (the tongue) is guarded by several folding doors (teeth, lips). Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיפֵּלto fold. Sifra the passage cited; Menachoth the passage cited לא היה מְכַפְּלָהּ (Babylonian edition מק׳) he did not fold it (in four parts, see above). ↗ original
כְּפַל participle passive כָּפִילdouble. Targum Song of Songs 8, 7.—Gittin 62ᵃ דכַפְלִינָן שלמא וכ׳, see the precedingIthpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּפֵיל, אִיכְּפִילto be folded up, doubled. Targum Isaiah 38, 12 (edition Lagarde edition אתק׳). Targum Ezekiel 21, 19.—Bava Metzia 104ᵇ אי מקנא לא מִיכְּפֵל if formal obligation is to be entered into (see קִנְיָן), the document must not be made out for double the amount, see the preceding; and frequently to be bent upon, take pains. Shabbath 5ᵃ איכ׳ תנא וכ׳ was it necessary for the Tannai to take pains to let us hear all this (to be so explicit)?—Bava Metzia 46ᵃ וא׳ תנא וכ׳ should the Tannai have taken the trouble to speak of such an exceptional case as that of a naked man etc.?—Bava Bathra 91ᵃ אִיכְּפֵל ואוליד וכ׳ apply thyself (Rashi: marry again), and beget etc. Shevuoth 48ᵇ אִיכְפְּלִי ואתאי וכ׳ have I taken the trouble to come all this distance for the sake of upsetting etc.?; and elsewhere—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 46ᵃ top אכפלן edition Zyt., see אֲפַךְ.] ↗ original
כֶּפֶלthe preceding words) doubling, double amount, especially (תשלומי) כ׳ the additional amount to be paid as fine on restoring stolen goods (Exodus 22, 3; 6—8). Sanhedrin 1, 1. Bava Kamma 7, 1; and frequently—the same place (ibid.) 65ᵃ עולה לו בכְפֵילוֹ (frequently כָּפֵל; Rashi: בתוך הכפל) is credited to him as the thief’s fine; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 8 מתוך כפילו … is deducted from etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, end, 19ᵇ; Kiddushin 18ᵃ ולא בכפילו cannot be sold for the fine; and frequently—Du. כִּפְלַיִם, כִּפְלַיִים. Sukkah 51ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 6 כ׳ כיוצאי מצרים twice as many as those who went out of Egypt; and elsewhere—plural כְּפָלִיםeven numbers. Pesachim 110ᵃ השותה כ׳ Munich manuscript he who drinks even numbers of cups, see זוֹגָא.—כְּפֵלוֹת folding doors, see כָּפַל. ↗ original
כַּפְלָא (or כִּ׳) masculine (the preceding words) curve, winding road. Targum Isaiah 40, 4 (Hebrew text עָקֹב). the same place (ibid.) 42, 16 (Hebrew text מעקשים). (compare כֶּסֶל) groin, loin. Targum Job 15, 27.—Chullin 93ᵃ חמשא … ביה בכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בהו בכַפְלֵי) there are five veins (of forbidden fat) in the loin.—plural כַּפְלֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 3, 4 (edition pr. כָּ׳); and elsewhere—Targum Psalms 38, 8, see כִּסְלָא.—Chullin 8ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 93ᵃ; and elsewhere = Hebrew כֶּפֶל, see כְּפֵילָא↗ original
כפלון , Bereshith Rabbah section 59 בא בכ׳ מפולש, read as Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 103 a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word פלן: בפִילוֹן. ↗ original
*כִּפְלָיוֹת (κέφαλος) a species of mullet, a delicious fish (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Cephalus). Bereshith Rabbah section 98 (explained מעדני מלך, Genesis 49, 20), כ׳ ואנפקינון (not … טן) mullets and oil of unripe olives. Sifré Deuteronomy 355 (referring to Deuteronomy 33, 24) שהיה … בשמן אנפיקין ובקי׳ וכ׳ (correct accordingly) Asher made himself agreeable to his brother tribes by furnishing them oil … and mullets, while they supplied him with grain; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 962 (commentary or commentaries: fine fruits). ↗ original
כפליין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 2, 50ᵃ bottom of the page כפ׳ של ראש וכ׳, read: כפִילְיוֹן like the color of a felt cap etc.; see אַפִּילְיוֹן 3 ↗ original
כָּפַןto bend; participle passive כָּפוּןbent upon, eager for. Bereshith Rabbah section 79, beginning (referring to Job 5, 22) זה לבן שבא כ׳ וכ׳ that refers to Laban who rushed with eagerness at his (Jacob’s) money to plunder it. ↗ original
כְּפַן 1sameto bend.—participle passive כָּפִין. Targum Job 40, 17 (edition Lagarde edition כפיף, edition Vilna edition כפף, manuscript כאיף; Hebrew text יחפץ). to pine (for food), to starve. Targum Psalms 34, 11. Targum Genesis 41, 55; and frequently—Berachoth 62ᵇ (proverb) עד דכַפְנַת אכול eat while thou art hungry (delay nothing). Pesachim 107ᵇ bottom of the page כי היכי דאגיר׳ ואִכְפַן אמצה וכ׳ Munich manuscript (read: דאיגרר, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note; edition דניגרריה לליביה) that I may get an appetite and be eager for the Matsah in the evening. Bava Metzia 83ᵃ וכְפִינָן and we are hungry; and frequently—[Esther Rabbah to 1, 4 כַּפְנָאִי I am hungry (?).] Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְפֵּיןto cause to hunger. Targum Deuteronomy 8, 3; and elsewhere—Shabbath 33ᵃ מַכְפֵּין נפשיה he starved himself (and grew sick in consequence). ↗ original
כְּפַן 2 (the preceding) hunger, famine. Targum Ruth 1, 1. Targum Genesis 12, 10; and frequently—Shabbath 33ᵃ נפיחי כ׳ swelling (and lying) from starvation.—Taanith 19ᵇ top, see בַּצּוֹרְתָא. the same place (ibid.) 8ᵇ כ׳ ומותנא famine and pestilence; and frequently—plural כַּפְנִין. Targum Ruth. the passage cited—5. כְּפֵינֵי. ↗ original
כָּפְנִית (כָּפַן, compare כּוּפְרָא 3 a. גפן) the inflorescence of palms, date-berry in its early stage.—plural כָּפְניּוֹת. Orlah 1, 9. Tosefta Maʿǎser Sheni 1, 14 כ׳ הרי הן כפרי וכ׳ Kofniyoth are in every respect to be considered as fruits, except etc.; and frequently ↗ original
כָּפְנִיתָא , Chaldaic (Aramaic) same. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 6, 5ᵇ bottom of the page גנב חדא כפוני (correct accordingly) stole one palm-flower (compare Babylonian Bava Kamma 59ᵇ under the word כּוּפְרָא 3).—plural כָּפְנִיָּיתָא, כּוּפְ׳. Bechoroth 18ᵃ; Bava Bathra 107ᵇ עד דאכלת כ׳ וכ׳ while thou wert yet eating date-berries in Babylonia, did we expound etc. Pesachim 52ᵇ (identified with כופרי).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 9, end, 39ᵃ [read:] מייבלא כּוּפְנְיָין לאשקלון to export date-berries to A. (in the Sabbatical year). ↗ original
כְּפַס (compare כפת) to tie, fasten.—participle passive כָּפִיס, feminine כְּפִיסָא, plural כְּפִיסָן. Targum Esther 1, 6. ↗ original
*כָּפַע (see כָּפָה), Hif'il הִכְפִּיעַ to upset, make havoc. Bereshith Rabbah section 28 מַכְפִּיעַ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition מפקיע), see חִיצָא. ↗ original
כְּפַעIthpeelאִתְכְּפַע, Targum 2 Chronicles 33, 13, see נְפַע. ↗ original
כָּפַף (Biblical Hebrew) to bend, curve. Bereshith Rabbah section 87, end כּוֹפֶפֶת אני את קומתך … כְּפוּפִים (Potiphar’s wife said to Joseph) I shall bend thy proud stature (humiliate thee with slave labor); said he, The Lord erects those who are bowed down. Bava Kamma 55ᵇ הכּוֹפֵף … בפני וכ׳ he who bends his neighbor’s grain stalks before the fire (so as to make them catch fire). Bamidbar Rabbah section 6, beginning נביא כופף ידיו וכ׳ the prophet must bend his hands and feet to sit before (surrender his power to) the high priest; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 3, 48ᵇ bottom of the page מְכַפֵּת). Shir HaShirim Rabbah beginning לָכוֹף אזניך וכ׳ to bend thy ear and listen; and frequently—participle passive כָּפוּף, feminine כְּפוּפָה, plural כְּפוּפִים, כְּפוּפִין; כְּפוּפוֹת. Shabbath 17ᵃ היה הלל כ׳ ויושב וכ׳ Hillel sat bent (in submission) before Shammai. Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited, see above. Rosh Hashanah 3, 4 בשל זכרים כ׳ with bent horns of rams. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 276 דווים וכ׳ suffering and humbled (see סָגַף, סָחַף); and frequently—Esp. the curved lettersכ, נ, פ, צ, opposite פשוט the straight-lined, the shape of the final letters. Shabbath 104ᵃ (symbolization of letters) נו"ן כ׳ … נׄאמן כ׳ וכ׳Nun bent, Nun straightened, faithful when bent (in distress), faithful when straightened (raised up) etc. the same place (ibid.) 103ᵇ כ׳ פשוטין וכ׳ that one must not write the curved letters straightened etc. to bend, force, conquer. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 18ᵃ bottom of the page מומחה שכ׳ ודן an authorized judge that forced (the law requiring three judges) and judged singly. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 12, 12ᶜ ר׳ יצחק כ׳ R. J. forced (the law requiring three judges for ḥălitsah); the same place (ibid.) הא רבן כ׳ it was our teacher who did it. Kethuboth 4ᵇ אין לָכוֹף וכ׳ … no husband dares force his wife (in mourning) to paint etc. Bamidbar Rabbah section 14 (play on כף) זה אברהם שכַּף את יצרו וכ׳ (some edition שכפף) that refers to Abraham who conquered his inclinations etc. to invert, upset. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 6ᵃ top גרמתני לכוֹפְפָהּ thou didst cause me to upset it (the divine image), see כָּפָה; (Moed Katan 15ᵇ ובעונותיכם הפכתיה). Yerushalmi (prefix) the passage cited מטות כְּפוּפוֹת = כְּפוּיוֹת, see כָּפָה; and frequently—[Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 כפפתו אימו, read כפתתו, see כָּפַת.—Shabbath 106ᵃ הסיט כפוף Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), edition כָּפוּל, see סיט.] to bend one’s self upon, to take pains (compare כְּפַל). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 17 כפפתי לעקור וכ׳ I took pains to destroy the passion for idolatry. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְפַּףto be bent. Pesikta Rabbati section 28 [read:] עד שנִכְפְּפָה קומתם וכ׳ so that their statures were bent under their load. Arachin 19ᵃ שרביט שאינו נכפף a staff (of gold or silver) which cannot be bent. Bamidbar Rabbah section 5, end נִכְפְּפָה היריעה וכ׳ the curtain around the Ark was bent aside (probably to be read נכפלה). Bava Kamma 61ᵃ בנִכְפֶּפֶת when the fire is diverted from its course through the wind; (other opinion: when the fire is subdued (low) and creeping over the plants on the ground), opposite קולחת or קודחת. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 17. Pesikta Rabbati section 14 שתי השערות נִכְפָּפוֹת (not … פים) the two hairs (on the neck) are bent, opposite נזקפות; and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּפַף , Chaldaic (Aramaic) same, to bend. Targum Job 40, 17, see כְּפַן I. Targum Ezekiel 17, 7 כָּפַת (Hebrew text כפנה, see כָּפַן). Targum 2 Esther 1, 5 כַּף אילנא וכ׳ bent tree to tree and made arches. Targum Isaiah 58, 5; and elsewhere—participle passive כָּפִיף, feminine כְּפִיפָא, plural כְּפִיפִין. the same place (ibid.)—Targum 2 Esther 5, 1. Targum Isaiah 60, 14. to invert. Moed Katan 25ᵃ כף כדא וכ׳ inverted a pitcher on the ground and placed thereon etc. Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּפֵּףsame. Targum Ezek. 17, 6. the same place (ibid.) 7 כַּפַּת some edition, see above. ↗ original
כָּפַרto bend, arch over, cover; see כְּפוֹר, כּוֹפֶר etc. [to pass over with one’s palm etc., to wipe out, rub (compare חפף),] to deny, withhold the truth by claiming ignorance; to ignore (mostly with ב of the object). Bava Metzia 4ᵃ הכּוֹפֵר במלוה he who denied having received a loan (and was refuted before being sworn, see הֶיסֵּת). the same place (ibid.) על מה שכ׳ וכ׳ he is sworn on what he denied. Shevuoth 4, 1 עד שיִכְפְּרוּ בהן בב"ד until they declare their ignorance (of the testimony) before court. the same place (ibid.) 4 כָּפְרוּ שניהן וכ׳ if both witnesses pleaded ignorance at the same time. the same place (ibid.) כָּפְרָה הראשונה if the first set of witnesses pleaded ignorance. the same place (ibid.) 6, 3 והודה … וכ׳ בקרקעות and defendant admits the debt concerning vessels, but denies it as to landed estate. Shabbath 116ᵃ מכירין וכוֹפְרִין they know (true religion) and yet are disbelievers. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 14 (play on הכפר, the same place (ibid.)) שכ׳ באו"ה He disowned the gentiles (did not assist them), opposite הודה; and very frequently—כ׳ בעיקר to deny the principle of religion (unity of God etc.). Bava Bathra 16ᵇ; and frequently—Sanhedrin 39ᵃ א"ל כּוֹפֵר edition (Munich manuscript קיסר) an infidel said etc. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְפִּיר (see כַּפָּרָה) to say of a person, ‘May his death be an atonement for his sins!’ euphem. for to be angry at. Pesachim 69ᵃ אל תַּכְפִּירֵנִי בשעת הדין edition (Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) תְּכַפְּרֵנִי) do not make me an atonement (saying תהא מיתתו כפרה) at the time of judgment (different interpretation or differently interpreted in comm.); Avodah Zarah 46ᵇ (some editions תכפריני). Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיפַּר, כִּפֵּר [to wipe out,] to forgive, atone; to procure forgiveness. Yoma 5ᵃ כאילו לא כ׳ וכפר as if he (the priest) had not procured atonement (in the proper manner), although he has procured atonement (for the person concerned); Nega'im 14, 10 כ׳ ומעלין עליו כאילו לא כ׳ he has brought atonement, but it is accounted to the officiating priest as if he had not done so. Berachoth 55ᵃ … כל זמן מזבח מְכַפֵּר על וכ׳ as long as the Temple existed, the altar was the means of atonement for Israel, but now each man’s table must be the means of atonement (referring to Ezekiel 41, 22). Tanchuma Vayishl. 6 כשם … מְכַפֶּרֶת וכ׳ as the altar brings atonement, so does she (the chaste wife) atone for her household. Kiddushin 57ᵃ, and elsewhere מכשיר ומכפר, see כָּשֵׁר I; and very frequently—[Avodah Zarah 46ᵇ, see above]. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכַּפֵּר,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְכַּפֵּרto be expiated; to be forgiven. Rosh Hashanah 18ᵃ; Yevamoth 105ᵃ (referring to I Samuel 3, 14) בזבח … מִתְכַּפֵּר וכ׳ through sacrifice … it will not be expiated, but it may be so by the study of the Law. Shevuoth 12ᵃ אשם … שנִתְכַּפְּרוּ בעליו an animal dedicated for a guilt-offering … whose owner has otherwise obtained atonement; (Temurah 3, 3 שכִּפְּרוּ וכ׳ whose owner has procured atonement etc.). Yoma 50ᵇ, and elsewhere המִתְכַּפֵּר he for whose atonement the animal is dedicated. the same place (ibid.) 51ᵇ שאין הצבור מִתְכַּפְּרִין בו as the community is not to obtain forgiveness through it (the bullock); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Makkoth 2, 31ᵈ bottom of the page יעשה … ויִתְכַּפֶּר לו let him repent and he shall be forgiven; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shub. p. 158ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 358; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 702. Tanchuma T’rum. 8 נתכ׳ להם they were forgiven; and frequently ↗ original
כְּפַר , to deny, renounce. Targum Jeremiah 2, 27. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 5, 21, and the following; and frequently—Bava Kamma 107ᵃ בכוליה בעי דנִכְפְּרֵיה edition (Munich manuscript דנכפר ליה, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) he would have liked to deny the whole of his indebtedness, והאי דלא כָפְרֵיה and the reason why he did not do so. the same place (ibid.) 105ᵇ ממונא קא כ׳ ליה through his denial he withholds from him value. Moed Katan 18ᵇ כַּפְרַת בה Munich manuscript thou growest a disbeliever through it (when thy prayer is not answered; edition כ׳ בה׳ thou renouncest the Lord); and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּפֵּרto wipe out, efface. Targum Proverbs 30, 20.—Bava Bathra 167ᵃ כ׳ ליה וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition מחקיה) he erased the horizontal lines of the Beth (see כַּכָּא). Chullin 8ᵇ למִיכַפְּרֵיה with which to wipe the knife off. Yevamoth 115ᵇ מיכַפַּר הוה כַפֵּר he would have obliterated the mark. Gittin 56ᵃ ואתי לכַפּוּרֵי וכ׳ and wants to wipe his hands off on this man (me), i.e. desires to put the responsibility on me; and elsewhere to forgive, atone, procure forgiveness. Targum Leviticus 16, 17; and frequently—Zevachim 6ᵃ מקיבעא לא מְכַפְּרָא וכ׳ as a specially appointed offering it has no atoning effect, by implication it has; and frequently Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכַּפֵּר, אִיכַּ׳to be wiped out, obliterated. Targum 2 Esther 3, 8. to be forgiven, to be expiated. the same place (ibid.) Targum Deuteronomy 21, 8; and frequently—Yoma 50ᵇ בקביעותא מִתְכַּפְּרֵי וכ׳ (Munich manuscript 2 מִיכַּ׳) do they (the high priest’s kindred and fellow priests) obtain forgiveness by special appointment (so as to be considered fellow owners of the sacrifice) or by implication? Kerith. 24ᵃ מִיכַּפַּרְנָא באידך חבריה my atonement shall be effected through the other animal; and elsewhere ↗ original
כָּפָר כפר to be round, [circle,] village, country town. Megillah 1, 3 פחות מכאן הרי זה כ׳ if a place has less (than ten persons of leisure), it is considered a country place, opposite עיר גדולה. Chagigah 13ᵇ see יְחֶזְקְאֵל. Eduy. 2, 3; and frequently—plural כְּפָרִים. Megillah 1, 1, and the following; and frequently [In compounds:… כְּפַר proper noun of a place, see respective determinants.] ↗ original
*כַּפְרָא (כְּפַר) wipings, or covering, כ׳ דודי (read: דדודי) sediments of dye (or rust) of the kettles. Bava Kamma 101ᵃ top (Rashi כּוּפְ׳), see כַּלְכּוֹס. ↗ original
כַּפָּרָה (כָּפַר) atonement, expiation, expiatory service. Zevachim 8ᵃ שתהא כ׳ וכ׳ that the act of expiation (sprinkling) be performed with the understanding that the sacrifice is a sin-offering. Tosefta Yoma V (4), 6, and elsewhere חלוקי כ׳, see חָלַק.—Nega'im 2, 1 אני כַפָּרָתָן my life be an expiatory sacrifice for them (an expression of love); Esther Rabbah to 1, 11 א"ר איבו [אני] כ׳ של ישראל. Kiddushin 31ᵇ (one reporting an opinion of his deceased father must say) כך הריני כַפָּרַת משכבו … so said my lord my father, may I be an expiation for his rest. Yoma 40ᵇ כפרת דמים atonement through blood; כ׳ דברים atonement by confession; and frequently—plural כַּפָּרוֹת. Zevachim 52ᵃ (explained Leviticus 16, 20) שלמו כל הכ׳ with this are all the acts of expiation (of the Day of Atonement) finished. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 1, 33ᵃ מחלוקי כ׳ about the classes of atonements (see חָלַק). Bereshith Rabbah section 44 כל הכ׳ הראה לו he showed him all expiatory sacrifices; Vayikra Rabbah section 3; and frequently ↗ original
כַּפְרוּסָאֵי , nom. gent. Kafruseans. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 10, 17 (Hebrew text סיני), see אָרְתּוּסְיָיה. ↗ original
כַּפְרִיKafri in Babylonia. Kiddushin 44ᵇ. Sanhedrin 5ᵃ. Bava Bathra 153ᵃ כופרי (Munich manuscript בי כפרי׳). Bava Metzia 73ᵃ (Manuscript Hamburg כופרי); see Berlin edition Geogr. p. 37, and the following ↗ original
כַּפְרָן (כָּפַר) denier, liar. Shevuoth 41ᵇ הוחזק כ׳ he is presumed to be a liar (and cannot be sworn). the same place (ibid.) 42ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original
כַּפְרָנָא , village.—plural כַּפְרָנַיָּא, כַּפְרָנִין, כּוּפְ׳. Targum Numbers 32, 41, and the following (Hebrew text חוות).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᵃ, see דַּקִּיק. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 5 (explained בנות, Ezekiel 16, 61) כופרנין country towns.—Targum 2 Esther 9, 19 כַּפְרוֹנַיָּא (variant reading כּוּפְרְנָאִין). ↗ original
כַּפְרָנוּת (see כַּפְרָן) an obligation decreed in court over the defendant’s denial. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 5, 46ᶜ bottom of the page מלוה שנעשית בו כ׳ אינה נשמטת (strike out בו) a loan which has been passed in court over the debtor’s denial, does not fall under the law of prescription in the Sabbatical year; כ׳ שנעשית מלוה נשמטת a decreed obligation which has been converted into a loan (the defendant giving his note in settlement) is subject to prescription. the same place (ibid.) [read:] מלוה שנעשית כ׳ גובה בעידית כ׳ וכ׳ a loan which has been passed etc. is collectible from the best class of landed property; a decreed obligation which has been converted into a loan is collectible from the middle class etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 10, 39ᶜ כַּפְרָנִית; the same place (ibid.) מלוה שהיא נעשית מלוה (read: כ׳ שהיא וכ׳). ↗ original
כָּפַשׁ (compare כפף) toinvert. מִדָּה כְּפוּשָׁהan invertible measure, a measure containing two uneven compartments separated by the bottom; מדד במדה כ׳to deal unfairly, see כְּפִישָׁה. Yevamoth 107ᵇ פישון … במ׳ כ׳ מדד לפיכך וכ׳ Pishon … acted unfairly towards his wife, therefore the court dealt with him unfairly (against the rule).—כפושה (supply (understood word) אשה) an ungainly woman, see כְּפִישָׁה. [Tosefta Oholoth 6, 3 היתה כפושה, read: כְּפִישָׁה, see Rabbenu Shimshon to Oholoth 5, 7.] ↗ original
כָּפַת (compare the preceding) to twist, tie. Tamid 4, 1 לא היו כוֹפְתִין וכ׳ they did not twist (tie together the four feet of) the lamb, opposite העקיד, see עָקַד. Sanhedrin 70ᵇ (referring to Proverbs 31, 1) שכְּפָתתּוֹ אמו וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition שכפאתו) his mother tied him to a post; Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 כפפתו (correct accordingly). Parah 3, 9 כְּפָתוּהָ וכ׳ they tied her (the red heifer) with a rope etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 56 כל מה … עוקד … כופת וכ׳ (some edition כובש) as much as Abraham bound Isaac …, the Lord tied (held in check) the genii of the gentiles; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 101; Yalkut Shimoni Nahum, Book of 561. Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited כְּפָתֵנִי וכ׳ tie me well. Makkoth 3, 12 כופת שתי ידיו וכ׳ (some edition כופה) one puts both his hands in stocks on the pole. Gittin 14ᵇ אומרין כְּפוֹתוּ כּוֹפְתִין when they (the officers) say, put him in stocks, they put him etc. Sukkah 32ᵃ (referring to כפת, Leviticus 23, 40) כָּפוּת אם היה פרוד יִכְפְּתֶנּוּ (Munich manuscript omits כפות) it must be tied; if the branch is spread, one must tie it closely. the same place (ibid.) כָּפוּת מכלל וכ׳ ‘tied’ implies that it is sometimes spread, while this (the stalk) is always tied (closely pressed together). Tohoroth 7, 5 אפי׳ כפות, see יָבַל. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 1, end, 43ᵈ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵃ bottom of the page ויוסי אחי כ׳ וכ׳ and (I saw) my brother J. in stocks and the lash passing over him. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 2, 3 (referring to ‘their bands’, the same place (ibid.)) אלו שבע מצות שהן כְּפוּתִין בהן (not כתופין כתיפ׳, see edition Buber edition note) those are the seven (Noachidic) laws by which they (the gentiles) are tied (restrained); and elsewhere Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיפֵּתsame. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 2, 1. Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 3, 48ᵇ bottom of the page מְכַפֵּת, see כָּפַף.—participle passive מְכוּפָּת, plural מְכוּפָּתִין. Esther Rabbah to 1, 6, see כְּפָתָא. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְפָּתto be tied. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to. 1, 14. ↗ original
כְּפַת Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 22, 9. Targum Psalms 118, 27; and elsewhere—participle passive plural כְּפוּתִין (hebr.) put in stocks. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 21, 29.—Tamid 31ᵇ דכַפְתֵיה בשיראי if one tied the sacrifice (hands and feet) with silk ropes. Bava Bathra 167ᵃ כפתיה ואודי he put him in stocks (or in prison), and he confessed. Gittin 14ᵃ דכַפְתֵי ושקלי וכ׳ who use force (have him arrested) and collect their due immediately (allowing no time). Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 1, end, 43ᵈ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵃ כַּפְתוּן ואפקון מיניה they put him in stocks and forced him to pay; and elsewhere—[Gittin 62ᵃ מִכְפַּת וכ׳, see אִכְפַּת.] Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּפֵּיתsame. Targum Song of Songs 7, 5.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, end, 32ᵈ דהוא מְכַפֵּת ביה he (the weaver) uses it for tying (or knotting, see below). (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1803) to produce knots, to mature fruits. Targum Onkelos Numbers 17, 23 edition Berlin edition (variant reading כָּפֵית, כְּפֵית; Hebrew text גמל); cmp כַּפְתּוֹר. ↗ original
כְּפָתָא (כְּפַת) tie, knot.—plural כְּפָתַיָּא, כְּפָתִין. Bereshith Rabbah section 56; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 101; Yalkut Shimoni Nahum, Book of 561 אילין כ׳ those bonds (with which the genii of the nations were tied, see כָּפַת).—Esther Rabbah to 1, 6 (in Hebr. dict.) היו מכופתין בכְפָאתִין של כסף the couches were tied with silver straps. ↗ original
כְּפָתָה (see the preceding) travelling implements tied up, bundle.—plural כְּפָתוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 100 קשרי כְּפָתוֹתֵיהֶן התירו (some edition קשרות) they (the Canaanites) untied the knots of their (the pall-bearers’) bundles (assisted them in their preparations for camping); Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 161 בתרי כתפותיהם; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 17ᵇ bottom of the page קשרי כתפיהן (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כַּפְתּוֹר with format. ר; see כְּפַת Pa'el 2, a. the preceding words) ball, especially an ornament of the candlestick in the shape of apomegranate. Bereshith Rabbah section 91 end כ׳ ופרח pomegranate and blossom!, i.e. well and nicely said!—Menachoth 28ᵇ.—plural כַּפְתּוֹרִים, כַּפְתּוֹרִין. the same place (ibid.) ↗ original
כַּפְתּוֹרִים gent. Kaftoreans. Bereshith Rabbah section 37; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 62; Yalkut Shimoni Chronicles 1074 כ׳ ננסין Kaft. were dwarfs. ↗ original
כַּר , see כָּרָה) bolster, mattress. Mikvaoth 10, 2. Kelim 26, 5, see כֶּסֶת; and frequently—plural כָּרִים. Kilayim 9, 2; and frequently—Megillah 12ᵃ (explained כרפס, Esther 1, 6) כ׳ של פסים mattresses of striped goods. rounded; (compare כֶּבֶשׂ) fat lamb. Menachoth 66ᵇ, and elsewhere, see כַּרְמֶל.—Esther Rabbah to 1, 14 (play on כׄרׄשׄנׄא) מי … כׄרׄ בן שׄנׄה (not פר) who offers unto thee a lamb one year old?—plural as ab. Megillah 12ᵇ כ׳ בני שנה; Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1051 פרים (correct accordingly). [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 5, 7ᵇ bottom of the page כ׳ יוצאין לבובין edition Krot., read: זכרים.]—Transferred commander.—plural as ab. Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 7, and elsewhere, see כלירכין.—4) runner, roller.—plural as ab. Bereshith Rabbah section 69 מעבירין כ׳ עליהם pass the paving rollers over them; (the same place (ibid.) section 41 רדיה; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 337 דדין). ↗ original
כַּר ² , bolster. Gittin 47ᵃ כריסי כָּרִי my fat belly is my bolster. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 8, 44ᵈ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᶜ [read:] (תותי) תחות כָּרֵיה under his bolster.—plural כָּרִין. Targum Lamentations 2, 21. ↗ original
*כְּרַב 1 (compare כָּרָה), Af'el אַכְרֵבto surround, crown. Targum Job 31, 36, see כְּבַן. ↗ original
כְּרַב 2 (the preceding) [to dig around, denominative כְּרוֹבָא, frequently which כְּרַב] to plough. Bava Kamma 96ᵇ כ׳ בהו כרבא (Munich manuscript omits כרבא) he ploughed with them. Shabbath 33ᵇ … חזו כַּרְבֵי וזרעי they saw people plough and sow. the same place (ibid.) 73ᵇ מכדי מִכְרַב כרבי ברישא do not people first plough (and then sow)? the same place (ibid.) בא"י … והדר כרבי the Mishnah speaks of Palestine where they first sow and then plough. Bava Metzia 105ᵃ כָּרֵיבְנָא לה I shall plough it over. the same place (ibid.) 107ᵃ כָּרֵיב ותני he ploughs twice (after harvesting and before seed-time); and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּרָבָא 1 (the preceding) ploughing. Bava Kamma 96ᵃ, see the preceding—Bava Bathra 12ᵃ יומא כ׳ one day’s ploughing (Rashi: at ploughing season, opposite to the second ploughing before seed-time).—בי כ׳ a ploughed field. Yoma 43ᵇ; Niddah 65ᵇ, see כְּמַאי. ↗ original
כְּרָבָא 2 , cabbage. Makkoth 16ᵃ, see בִּינִיתָא; [Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage) a ploughed field, see the preceding]. Bava Kamma 92ᵃ, see הוּצָא I. Shabbath 115ᵃ; and elsewhere—plural כַּרְבֵּי. Chullin 62ᵇ דבי כ׳ (Rashi singular; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כּוֹרֵי) those (locusts) found among cabbage. ↗ original
כִּרְבִּל (see כְּרַב I) to turn around, shake a sieve (compare חֲזַר). Ylamdenu to Genesis 22, 21, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) מְכַרְבֵּל. ↗ original
כַּרְבֶּלֶת (see כִּרְבֵּל, compare הדר), crown, crest. Shabbath 110ᵇ יטול כַּרְבַּלְתּו let him cut off his (the cock’s) crest. ↗ original
כַּרְבַּלְתָּאhelmet, crest. Berachoth 7ᵃ; Avodah Zarah 4ᵇ כי חוורא כ׳ דתרנגולא when the crest of the cock is white. Eruvin 100ᵇ [read:] שונרא לישמטיה לכַרְבַּלְתֵּיה דההוא תרנגולא וכ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) may the cat tear off this cock’s (my) crest, if I have (wherewith to buy) and do not buy for thee.—plural כַּרְבְּלָתָא. Ylamdenu to Genesis 3, 22, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (explained כרבלתהון, Daniel 3, 22) קסידיןcassides (see Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word).—2) (compare אַדֶּרֶת) a certain kind of cloak. Berachoth 20ᵃ חזיה … דהות לבישא כ׳ saw a Samaritan woman (whom he believed to be a Jewess) wearing a karbalta (which was considered improper for a Jewish woman).—plural as ab. Ylamdenu the passage cited, (another opinion) explained כרבלתהון (see above) טליות, see טַלִּית. ↗ original
כַּרְגָּא (compare חֲרִיקָא, a. Arab. ḫaraġ) capitation tax, tax, tribute. Targum Lamentations 1, 1; and elsewhere—Bava Bathra 55ᵃ כ׳ אקרקף וכ׳ karga rests on the head of man, i.e. is a personal liability, opposite to טַסְקָא. the same place (ibid.) אפי׳ … משתעבדי לכ׳ even the barley in the pot is seizable for k.—Bava Metzia 73ᵇ דיהבי זוזי אַכַּ׳ דאינשי וכ׳ who pay the taxes for other people and force them to unreasonable services. Kethuboth 87ᵃ, see אַכְרַזְתָּא. ↗ original
כַּרְדּוּט (chiridota, χειριδωτός) a tunic with sleeves. Targum I Samuel 2, 18; and elsewhere (Hebrew text אפוד).—plural כַּרְדּוּטִין. Targum 2 Samuel 13, 18 (Hebrew text מעילים).—5. next article↗ original
כְּרַהּ (see כרח) to shrink, be narrow, (with or supply (understood word) רוחא) to be ill-tempered.—participle כְּרִי, feminine כַּרְיָא (= כריה, כריהא); plural כְּרִין. Targum Proverbs 14, 17; 29 דכ׳ רוחיה (Hebrew text קצר רוח, קצר אפים).—ענבי דכְרִין grapes which shrunk, undeveloped (blackish) grapes. Nazir 34ᵇ, and elsewhere, see כְּרוּם Chaldaic (Aramaic) Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיכְּרַהּto be ill. Targum Proverbs 23, 35. ↗ original
כָּרְהָא (the preceding) distress, illness. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 7, 15 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Levita כרחא, edition מרעין, see Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word). ↗ original
כְּרוּב 1 , however, Schrader KAT2 p. 39; p. 609) [head,] Cherub. Sukkah 5ᵇ; Chagigah 13ᵇ … מאי כ׳ כרַבְיָא וכ׳ what is K’rub?—… ‘Childlike’, for in Babylonia they call a child rabia. the same place (ibid.) והפכו לכ׳ and he changed it (the face of the ox, Ezekiel 1, 10) into that of a Cherub. the same place (ibid.) היינו פני כ׳ וכ׳ the face of the Chaldaic is the same as that of man, the one being large, the other small. Yoma 77ᵃ. Vayikra Rabbah section 32; and elsewhere—plural כְּרוּבִים. Tanchuma edition Buber edition Bereshith 25 לפיכן נקראו כ׳ שהן רבים (read: רוֹבִים, see רוֹבֶה) they are called Chaldaic, because they are young (childlike), see above. Yoma 54ᵇ מעורים וכ׳ הכ׳ ראה saw the figures of the cherubs twined around each other. the same place (ibid.) 54ᵃ כ׳ דצורתא וכ׳ painted cherubs were in the Second Temple; and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּרוּב 2 (see the preceding) [rounded,] cabbage. Terumoth 10, 11 כ׳ של שקייא cabbage from an irrigated field, opposite כ׳ של בעל, see בַּעַל 3.—Berachoth 44ᵇ קלח של כ׳ cabbage stalk. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ למזון cabbage is good for a satisfying meal. Nedarim 6, 10, see אִיסְפַּרְגּוֹס; and frequently ↗ original
כְּרוּבָּא , see כְּרָבָא 2. Berachoth 38ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition pr. (edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) a. Talmud edition כרבא).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 57ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 1, 57ᶜ top [read:] צם … אַפְּסַק כרובה (see פִּסְקָא) fasted two days in succession on a last meal of cabbage, and died.—plural כְּרוּבָּתָאvarious species of cabbage, compare אִיסְפַּרְגּוֹס. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 7, beginning 40ᵇ ↗ original
כְּרוּבָא Targum Exodus 25, 19; and elsewhere—plural כְּרוּבִין, כְּרוּבַיָּא. the same place (ibid.) 18, and the following; and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּרוֹבָא (כְּרַב 2) dug around, marked off; כרוב ארעא (compare חַקְלָא) a certain measure of land. Targum Onkelos Genesis 35, 16; 48, 7; Targum 2 Kings 5, 19 (Hebrew text כברת ארץ). ↗ original
כְּרוֹזa vessel. Vayikra Rabbah section 10 כי כ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition ככַדִּין; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shub. p. 163ᵃ; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 303 ככלי), see קְרוֹז. ↗ original
כְּרוּז (כָּרַז) public announcement. Vayikra Rabbah section 6 הוציא כ׳ he issued a proclamation. Sanhedrin 6, 1 (43ᵃ) והכ׳ יוצא וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition וכ׳) and it is cried out before him (the delinquent). the same place (ibid.) 43ᵃ (missing in later edition) והכ׳ יוצא לפניו וכ׳ and forty days before his (Jesus’) execution, it was published etc.; and frequently ↗ original
כָּרוֹז (the preceding) public crier. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 5, 55ᵇ bottom of the page גביני כ׳ (not גבי) G. the Temple crier. Pesikta Rabbati section 5 שילח את הכ׳ he sent the crier forth. Esther Rabbah to 6, 12 כּוֹרֵז, see גּוּלְיָיר.—plural כָּרוֹזוֹת. Devarim Rabbah section 4. ↗ original
כָּרוֹז ² Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew כְּרוּז. Targum Onkelos Exodus 36, 6 כָּרוֹז (Yerushalmi (prefix) כְּרוּזָא, some edition כְּרוֹ׳).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 16, 15ᵈ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim lV, 38ᵈ top אפיק … כ׳ R. 1. issued a proclamation; and frequently ↗ original
כָּרוֹזָא Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew כָּרוֹז. Daniel 3, 4.—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 13, 45 וּכְרוֹ׳ (read: וכָרוֹ׳).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, 48ᵈ bottom of the page (transl. קרא הגבר) אכריז כ׳ the Temple crier has announced the morning; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 5, 55ᶜ ↗ original
כָּרַוְיָא (careum, supply (understood word) cuminum, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word) כַּמּוֹנָא כ׳caraway. Avodah Zarah 29ᵃ (a remedy for nausea, see אוּנְקְלַי I) מייתי כ׳ כ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כרויא כמונא, see Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word כמן, 4, p. 247, note 15) let him take caraway etc. [Rashi: (כמון) כמין כף אגרוף, obviously a corruption of a Provençal word.] ↗ original
כְּרוּךְ (the preceding) band, priestly division. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 18, 6 (compare Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 11, 12ᵃ bottom of the page בכל משמר שירצה). ↗ original
כְּרוֹכָא (כְּרַךְ) winding, intestines; כ׳ קטונא small winding (duodenum), כ׳ עביא the large winding (jejunum). Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 19; Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 976; Vayikra Rabbah section 3, see כַּנְתָא. [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 11, 22 כרוכא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Levita, see כַּרְזְבָא.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 57ᵇ bottom of the page כרוכה, see כְּרוּבָּא.] ↗ original
כְּרוּם (כָּרַם) [coating,] color, especially yellow or green. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 14 (play on בכרמי, the same place (ibid.)) זה יעקב … בכ׳ פניו וכ׳ that alludes to Jacob who went in to his father with paleness of face, trembling in his shame etc. K’rum, name of a bird changing colors in the sun. Berachoth 6ᵇ ↗ original
כְּרוּם ² , color, see אִכְרוּם.—כ׳ יַמָּא sea-green, name of a beryll (aqua marina). Targum Exodus 28, 20; and elsewhere—*עִינְבֵי דִכְ׳ [green berries,] undeveloped grapes, worm-eaten grapes. Bava Metzia 106ᵇ ע׳ דכדום edition a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Manuscript Hamburg a. Rome 2, Alfasi דקרום; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 50). Nazir 34ᵇ (38ᵇ) ע׳ דכרין (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דכדום, Rashi frequ. ענבין דיכרין), see כְּרַהּ. Chullin 58ᵇ top variant reading דכרים. ↗ original
כְּרוּמְשָׁאservice-tree. Pesachim 111ᵇ כרו משא edition (Munich manuscript כרכמושא, emend. כררמ׳); see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 287. ↗ original
כְּרוּסְפְּדָא (κράσπεδον, mostly plural κράσπεδα) edge, border, fringe. Targum Onkelos Numbers 15, 38 כְּרוּסְפַּד כנפא edition Berlin edition (manuscripts a. edition כרוספדא דכ׳).—plural כְּרוּסְפְּדִין. the same place (ibid.), and the following Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 22, 12. ↗ original
כְּרוֹפְיָיתָא (probably frequently כרוף, dial. = כרוב, compare כְּרַף) dealers in vegetables, greens etc. Moed Katan 13ᵇ כ׳ דפומבדיתא (Alfasi קְרוֹפְיָאתָא). ↗ original
כרופסלה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵇ bottom of the page some edition, see פּוֹדוֹפְסִילָא↗ original
כְּרוֹשְׁיָיתָא (כרש, compare כרס) balls, cakes. Gittin 69ᵇ כ׳ דשערי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition ברושייאתא; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word כמך :קְרוֹשְׁיָתָא) barley cakes; כ׳ דחיטי wheat cakes. ↗ original
כְּרוּשְׁתֵּינָא (= כרושת עינא; see the preceding) [with large eye-balls,] name of a species of bats. Shabbath 78ᵃ edition (Munich manuscript כרושתנא, Oxford manuscript ברושטינא; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) כרשתינא). ↗ original
כָּרַזto call together (compare כְּלֵי 2); to call out, announce. Tanchuma Mishpatim 19 וכשהמלאך כּוֹרֵז האדם בשלום as long as the angel cries out (‘give honor to the image of God’), man is safe. the same place (ibid.) (referring to Job 33, 23) אם יהא מן אותן אלף כורז וכ׳ if there be one out of the thousand (angels) crying out before him, to proclaim a man’s righteousness. Esther Rabbah to 6, 12 כּוֹרֵז, see כָּרוֹז. Devarim Rabbah section 4 והכרוזות כּוֹרְזִין וכ׳ and the criers (angels) call out before him, Give room etc., see below. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְרִיזsame. Tanchuma the passage cited ואחד מהם מַכְרִיז … תנו וכ׳ and one of them (the angels) cries out before him, saying, Give honor etc.; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 17; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 670 מַכְרִיזִין, see אִיקוֹנְיָא. Bava Metzia 2, 1, and the following אלו חייב להַכְרִיז the following finds one must publish. the same place (ibid.) 28ᵇ אבידתא מַכְרִיז the crier announces that something has been found (not defining the object), opposite to גלימא מכריז ‘a cloak’ (or whatever the object may be).—Pesachim 113ᵃ שלשה הקב"ה מכריז עליהם וכ׳ Munich manuscript there are three persons for whose sake the Lord sends out the crier every day (to announce their praise); and frequently ↗ original
כְּרַז , Af. אַכְרֵיז same. Targum Jonah 3, 7 (Hebrew text ויזעק); and frequently—Targum Psalms 105, 16 manuscript (edition ואכלי, see כְּלֵי 2). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 24, 3 אַכְרִיזוּ וכ׳ it has been announced (decreed) in heaven.—Kiddushin 81ᵃ מר זוטרא מלקי ומַכְרִיז M. Z. punished (a woman for being closeted with a man) and published the fact (in order to protect her children’s legitimacy). the same place (ibid.) אי לאו דקא מַכְרִיזֵי (מַכְרְזֵי) וכ׳ if it had not been called out in heaven, Beware of R. M. etc. Yoma 72ᵇ, and frequently ↗ original
כְּרָזָא , plural כְּרָזֵי name of two species of winged locusts. Chullin 62ᵇ כ׳ דבי חילפי וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כְּרָאזֵי) those living in rushes are permitted, דבי כורי וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כרבי, see כְּרָבָא 2) those among heaps are forbidden (see Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage)). ↗ original
כַּרְזְבָא a species of locusts. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 11, 22 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Levita כרוכא; Hebrew text חגב). Targum Psalms 78, 47 (Hebrew text חנמל). Cmp. אַרְזְבוֹנִית. ↗ original
כַּרְזִילָא (כְּרַז, with format, ל) the shepherd’s assistantthat gathers the scattered flock. Bava Kamma 56ᵇ מסרו לרועה לכַרְזִילֵיה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition לב׳, correct accordingly) ‘he surrendered it to the shepherd’ (in Mishnah) means to his assistant. he who calls to, and leads in prayer.—plural כַּרְזִילִין. Targum Song of Songs 1, 8 כַּרְזִילָהָא (not בַּ׳, see edition Lagarde edition 2, p. 14) her (the congregation’s) leaders. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 10, 10. ↗ original
כַּרְזַיִםKarzayim, near Jerusalem. Menachoth 85ᵃ חיטי כ׳ (Munich manuscript כרוים, Manuscript Rome 2 a. Manuscript Karlsruhe ב׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) wheat of K. ↗ original
כָּרַח (see כְּרַהּ a. כָּרַךְ)to be tied, narrowed in.—Denom. כֹּרַח. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְרִיחַto force, subdue. Bereshith Rabbah section 75, beginning (referring to הכריעהו, Psalms 17, 13) הַכְרִיחֵהוּ וכ׳ force him down on the scale of guilt, break his resistance; (Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 130 הכריעהו). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 12 אם בנפשותן הן מַכְרִיחִין וכ׳ (not בעשותן) if they did violence to their souls, how much more etc.; (Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 82ᵇ שליטין). ↗ original
כֹּרַח (the preceding) force, unwillingness, necessity. על כרח־ (or בעל) against or without one’s will. Avoth 4, 22 על כָּרְחֲךָ וכ׳ without thy will thou hast been created etc. Gittin 21ᵃ בעל כּוֹרְחָהּ against her will, opposite מדעתה, see דַּעַת; and frequently ↗ original
כָּרְחָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 44, 18. Targum I Samuel 2, 16 (Hebrew text בחזקה).—[Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 7, 15, see כָּרְהָא.] ↗ original
כַּרְטֵיס (χάρτης) document. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 9, end, 33ᶜ כהן דמר אבד כַּרְטֵיסוֹ וכ׳ (not סן …) in accordance with the opinion of him who says, if one’s document (of indebtedness) is lost, write a duplicate for him. the same place (ibid.) לבד מן כרטוסה קדמייא וכ׳ (read: כַּרְטֵיסָה or כַּרְטֵיסַיָּהplural) irrespective of a previous document (or previous documents, against me) which may be in thy possession. the same place (ibid.) [read:] אלא כי אורחא דבר נשא מימר אבד כַּרְטֵיסִי עבד חורן but is it a usual matter for a man to say (to his debtor), my document has been lost, write another for me?—5. קַרְטֵיס. ↗ original
כרי (Biblical Hebrew) [to round, heap, cave,] to dig. Mechilta Mishpatim, N’zikin, section 11 כּוֹרֶה מנין how am I to know that he who digs a pit is responsible?—Bava Kamma 51ᵃ כורה אחר כורה one who digs after another one, i.e. who completes the pit to its legal size. Sukkah 53ᵃ; Makkoth 11ᵃ בשעה שכ׳ דוד וכ׳ when David dug for the foundations; and frequently—participle passive כָּרוּי, feminine כְּרוּיָהhollowed out. Kelim 3, 5, and elsewhere, see חִידּוּק a. בָּרָה. to sit in a circle, see below. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְרָהto heap, pile. Bereshith Rabbah section 100 (referring to כריתי, Genesis 50, 5) הרבה ממון תַּכְרֶה עליה much money shalt thou pile up (give me) for it (the grave); (some edition הכרה Jacob piled up in settling with Esau). the same place (ibid.) הִכְרֵתִי (corrupted הִכְרֵיתִי); see כְּרִי; Pesikta Rabbati section 1 וכל ממון שהיה לו ה׳ וכ׳ (not מסר לו) and he (Jacob) piled up whatever money he had to place it before Esau etc. to invite to a banquet; (with play on כרת) to excise, to destroy. Sanhedrin 20ᵃ; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 142 (referring to להברות, 2 Samuel 3, 35, where Raba had before him a K’thib. להכרות) כתיב להכרות … בתחלה להַכְרוֹתוֹ וכ׳ it is written l’hakhroth (to entertain) and read l’habroth (see בָּרָה): originally they came with the intention of destroying him (for the murder of Abner), and finally (when convinced of his innocence) they came to comfort him; [Yalkut Shimoni manuscript to Samuel the passage cited, quoted in Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim Sanhedrin the passage cited note 9: כתיב לִבְרוֹת וקרינן להַבְרוֹת בתחלה לברות וכ׳ it is written libroth (to pierce, compare Ezekiel 23, 47), and we read l’habroth etc.]. ↗ original
כְּרֵי , to dig, bore. Targum Onkelos Exodus 21, 33 יִכְרֵי edition Berlin edition (other edition יִכְרֶה). Targum Psalms 40, 7; and elsewhere—Bava Kamma 51ᵃ אמרי ליה זיל כְּרֵי לן ואזל כְּרָא להו (some edition כָּרָה hebr.) they said to him, go and dig for us, and he went and dug etc. the same place (ibid.) 48ᵃ כמאן דכַרְיֵיה דמי he is as responsible as if he had dug it. Sukkah 53ᵇ בְּרִינָן פורתא וכ׳ we bore only a little and there comes water; and elsewhere—*Taanith 24ᵃ דהוה כָּרֵיא בהוצא that he was boring a hole in the fence (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note for variant reading lect.).—[כרי to be narrow, distressed, participle כְּרִי, כַּרְיָא, plural כְּרִין, see כְּרַהּ] ↗ original
כְּרִי (the preceding) heap, pile. Shemoth Rabbah section 31 (referring to כריתי, Genesis 50, 5, see כָּרָה) נטל … ועשה אותו כ׳ he (Jacob) took all the money he possessed and made a pile of it; כ׳ של דינרין וכ׳ a pile of denars have I given to Esau. Tosefta Terumoth 3, 17. Terumoth 3, 5. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 40ᵇ bottom of the page הבקיר כֶּרְיוֹ (not כריי) if a man renounced possession of his pile (store) of grain. the same place (ibid.) 4, 42ᵈ top לפטור את כִּירְיוֹ to discharge the duty of T’rumah for his entire store. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 7, 48ᶜ bottom of the page תרם את כִּירְייוֹ if he gave T’rumah for his store; and frequently—plural כְּרָיִים. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 3, end, 47ᶜ אילו שני כ׳ וכ׳ if it were a case of two piles for which a person had discharged T’rumah etc. ↗ original
כַּרְיָא 1same. Bava Metzia 105ᵃ (in a tenant’s contract) ואוקים כ׳ וכ׳ and I will place the pile (of my crop) before thee. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 49ᵃ bottom of the page (explained משיתמרח) מן דו ישפר אפוי דכ׳ from the time he gives shape to the pile; and elsewhere—plural כַּרְוָון, כֵּירָוָון, כֵּירָוָותָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 8, 10, see כּוֹרָא. Targum 2 Chronicles 31, 6; 7, and the following (Hebrew text ערמות). digging, ditch; well. Bava Bathra 8ᵃ רמי כ׳ חדתא וכ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 80) put on orphans (heirs) the obligation of contributing towards a new ditch. the same place (ibid.) (הכל) לכ׳ (ד)פתיא וכ׳ (Manuscript Florence בֵּירָא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) even scholars must lend their services in digging a street-well; Bava Metzia 108ᵃ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 60). the same place (ibid.) 110ᵃ וכרי כ׳ and must do what digging may be required (ditch, well), see טַסְקָא. the same place (ibid.) לכ׳ דנהרא for dredging the river (or channel).—*בית כ׳ House of Heaps (Ruins), a cacophemistic change of the name בֵּית גַּלְיָא, see גַּלְיָא 2. Avodah Zarah 46ᵃ; Temurah 28ᵇ (variant reading כַּלְיָיאdestruction).—[5., however, גַּדָּא a. גַּלָּא.]—Megillah 6ᵃ בית כ׳ שלהן Munich manuscript (edition במיא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original
כְּרִיָה (כָּרָה) digging, especially digging a pit through which an animal was injured (Exodus 21, 33). Mechilta Mishpatim, N’zikin, section 11; Tosefta Bava Kamma 6, 13 נפל לפניו מקול כ׳ if the animal fell forward (into the pit) frightened by the sound of digging (within the pit), נפל לאחריו מקול הכ׳ if it tumbled backward etc. Bava Kamma 49ᵇ על עסקי כ׳ for the act of digging a pit (although not on his own soil). the same place (ibid.) 50ᵃ ה"א כ׳ הוא דבעי כיסוי I might have thought only when he dug the pit he is bound to cover it up; and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּרִיהָא (see כְּרַהּ) sufferer.—plural כְּרִיהֵי, כְּרִיחֵי. Shabbath 21ᵃ כל כ׳ דמערבא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בריחי, correct accordingly) all sufferers of Palestine, see קִיקָיוֹן. the same place (ibid.) 145ᵇ כריחי edition Soncino (edition ב׳; manuscript Rashi כְּרִיכֵי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original
כְּרִיהוּתָא (the preceding) distress, misfortune. Shabbath 10ᵃ כ׳ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) is it such a misfortune etc., see טַרְחוּתָא. ↗ original
*כָּרִיךְ , plural (כָּרַךְ) כָּרִיכִיןparasites, lichens, moss. Vayikra Rabbah section 15 כל זמן … היא עושה כ׳ as long as the well empties into the garden, it will grow lichens (compared to leprous spots on the body, see חְזָזִית; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 554 היא עשויה בִּיצִּין). ↗ original
כְּרִיכָא 1 (כְּרַךְ) winding; rounded. Bava Kamma 50ᵇ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 6); Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 341. ↗ original
כְּרִיכָא 2 , sheaf.—plural כְּרִיכַן. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 37, 7 מכרכן כ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (quoted in Rashi to Bava Metzia 2, 1; edition מפרכן פירוכין). ↗ original
כְּרִיכָא 3 (the preceding) bundle or band.—plural כְּרִיכֵי. Sanhedrin 67ᵇ (of a juggler) שדי כ׳ וכ׳ cast ribbons (or bundles) of silk out of his nose.—5. כְּרָכָא. ↗ original
כְּרִיכָה (כָּרךְ) winding around. Tanchuma Vaëra 4 (referring to Berachoth 5, 1) מה … כְּרִיכַת נחש למלכות what led the scholars to place the serpent winding itself around a person side by side with the (Roman) government?; Shemoth Rabbah section 9. bundle, bunch, small sheaf, contradistinguished to אְלוּמָּה.—plural כְּרִיכוֹת. Bava Metzia 2, 1. the same place (ibid.) 22ᵇ; and elsewhere—[the same place (ibid.) 37ᵇ כְּרֵיכוֹת, see בֶּרֶךְ.] ↗ original
כְּרִיסוֹ (χρυσοάργυρον, usually χρυσάργυρον) gold and silver tax levied by Constantine the Great (see Sachs Sachs, Beitrage 2, 140; Rapap. Er. Mill. p. 193, a. authors there quoted). Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 3, 3ᶜ top אהן כ׳ א׳ וכ׳ as to the chrysargyron: before that tax is arranged, it is permitted to say (to the officers), ‘this man is my fellow-trader’; when it has been arranged (and is being collected), it is not permitted (because it would injure the person omitted in the list without alleviating the burden of others); compare אכסניי.—plural כְּרִיסַרְגּוּרִיּוֹת. Shir HaShirim Rabbah 2, 2 (variously corrupted).—Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 12 מרגזאות, edition Buber edition מזה נמסאות; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 656 מדגראות, read: כְּרִיזַרְגְּרָאוֹת (ascribed to Hadrian). ↗ original
כְּרִיסוֹלָכַנוֹן (χρυσολάχανον) orach. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵃ bottom of the page כירבי לבנון (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כַּרִיסְטְיוֹנָא (χαριστίων) charistion, an instrument for weighing or lifting (Lidd. et Scott. Gr. Dictionary); scales for minute weights (Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus under the word כרסטונא, p. 1836). Echah Rabbah to 1, 5 כרסטייתא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (correct accordingly; edition קְרִצְטְיוֹנָא). ↗ original
כְּרֵיסִית (denominative of כֶּרֶס) a leather bag, (as a measure) K’resith containing one S’ah. Kelim 20, I Talmud edition (Mishnah edition a. edition Dehr. כריתית, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) כרתית, denominative of כַּר). ↗ original
כְּרִיסְפָּא (Crispus) Crispa, name of an Amora. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shubah, p. 157ᵇ; (Rosh Hashanah 16ᵇ כרוספדאי); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 57ᵃ bottom of the page קרוספא edition Krot.—the same place (ibid.) 2, 58ᵇ top קריספא; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 18ᶜ bottom of the page קריספדא. Pesikta Rabbati section 15 קריספא. ↗ original
כְּרִיעָה (כָּרַע) kneeling. Berachoth 34ᵇ; Megillah 22ᵇ, contradistinguished to קִידָּה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᶜ bottom of the page, and elsewhere, see בְּרִיכָה. the same place (ibid.)ᵈ top לך כ׳ unto thee is kneeling due.—plural כְּרִיעוֹת. Berachoth 31ᵃ, see הִשְׁתַּחֲוָאָה. ↗ original
כָּרֵישׁ (כרש, compare כְּרוֹשְׁיָיתָא) name of a fish, probably shark. Bava Bathra 74ᵃ bottom of the page כריש Munich manuscript (edition כרישא, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כרשא). ↗ original
כָּרֵישָׁא 2 (see the preceding; compare כַּרְשִׁינָה) leek. Shabbath 8, 5 (80ᵇ) כדי לזבל כ׳ as much manure as is required for one leek plant. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7, 9ᵈ bottom of the page כדי ליטע כרישה as much space as is required for planting one leek. Makhshirin 1, 5; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 5.—plural כָּרֵישִׁים, כָּרֵישִׁין. Kilayim 1, 2 כ׳ וכְרֵישֵׁי שדה וכ׳ (garden) leek and field-leek … are not heterogeneous, see כִּלְאַיִם. Tosefta Shabbath 15 (16), 14 גוזזין לו כ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading כרשינן) we may cut leek for him (on the Sabbath, as a remedy for a serpent’s bite). Nedarim 6, 9; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 6; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 39ᵈ bottom of the page, see קִפְלוֹט; and frequently—5. כָּרָתֵי. ↗ original
כְּרִית (כָּרָה) the groove in the mountain slopes made by running water. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᵇ top עד כדי שתפרח הכ׳ (edition הב׳, correct accordingly) until the grooves bloom (are covered with vegetation). the same place (ibid.) פרחה כ׳ ולא פסקו if the grooves have bloomed, but the rains have not ceased (set in again); Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 46ᵃ top עד כדי שתפוח הכ׳ (correct accordingly). (Biblical Hebrew) K’rith, name of a brook. Targum I Kings 17, 3. ↗ original
כְּרֵיתK’reth, a district near Philistia. Targum I Samuel 30, 14 (edition Lagarde edition כרת; Hebrew text הכרתי). ↗ original
כְּרִיתָה (כָּרַת) cutting of genitals, mutilation. Yevamoth 75ᵇ, see שָׁפַךְ. divorce by means of a deed(סֵפֶר כְּרִיתוּת). Gittin 10ᵇ והא לאו בני כ׳ נינהו but they (the gentiles) are not subject to the Jewish mode of divorce (how, then, can they act as judges in divorce cases)? (supply (understood word) ברית) the making of a covenant.—plural כְּרִיתוֹת. Tosefta Sotah 8, 10; 11 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), see בְּרִית. = כָּרֵתexcision. Makkoth 3, 15, see כָּרֵת.—plural כְּרִיתוֹת, see כָּרֵת. decision. plural as ab. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 3 (referring to כרתי, 2 Samuel 15, 18) כורתי כ׳ (edition Buber edition בריתות) those who pass (final) decisions. ↗ original
כְּרִיתוּתfinal divorce. Sifré Deuteronomy 269 (referring to Deuteronomy 24, 1) שיהא כורת מכאן … אין זה כ׳ he must make the thing final, from this we derive that if a man says, this is thy letter of divorce under the condition that thou wilt never go …, this is no final (valid) divorce; Gittin 83ᵇ. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 9 (7), 1; and frequently—Gittin the passage cited; the same place (ibid.) 21ᵇ; Sukkah 24ᵇ, and elsewhere כרת כ׳ the legal deduction from the use of the word כריתות (Deuteronomy the passage cited) where the word כָּרֵת might have been used. ↗ original
כָּרַךְ (compare כָּרָה) to encircle, twine around, embrace, wrap. Menachoth 39ᵃ תכלת שכ׳ רובה a fringe the larger portion of which he twined together (see תְּכֵלֶת). the same place (ibid.) כדי שיִכְרוֹךְ וישנה וכ׳ enough to twine around three times. Yoma 38ᵃ כְּרָכָהּ embraced it (clung to the bronze door). Shabbath 133ᵇ וכָרְכֵהוּ בשיראין נאין Munich manuscript (edition וכוֹרְכוֹ) and twine handsome ribbons around it. Pesachim 115ᵃ; Zevachim 79ᵃ היה כוֹרְכָן וכ׳ used to wrap them together (insert the Passover meat and the bitter herb between the Matsah). Avodah Zarah 18ᵃ כְּרָכוּהוּ בס"ת וכ׳ they wrapped him in a scroll of the Law and burned him. Tosefta Megillah 4 (3), 20 כּוֹרְכִין תורה וכ׳ you may wrap the Pentateuch in covers intended for etc.; (Megillah 27ᵃ גוללין); and frequently—Pesachim 4, 8; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2 (3), 19 כּוֹרְכִין את שמע they recited the confession of faith (Deuteronomy 6, 4 and the following) in one כֶּרֶךְ, without the proper pauses (or without inserting ‘Blessed be the Name of His glorious kingdom etc.’ between verses 4 and 5), see Pesachim 56ᵃ, a. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 31ᵇ.—participle passive כָּרוּךְ, feminine כְּרוּכָה; plural כְּרוּכִים, כְּרוּכִין; כְּרוּכוֹתtwined around, wrapped up; in a transferred sense (with אחר) clinging to, running after. Berachoth 5, 1 אפי׳ נחש כ׳ וכ׳ even if a serpent is wound around his heel, he must not interrupt his prayer, see כְּרִיכָה. Kiddushin 66ᵃ הרי כ׳ ומונחת וכ׳ behold it (the Law) is wrapped up and lies in the corner, whoever wishes may study it. Bereshith Rabbah section 78 בפנים כ׳ אני מהלך I shall walk with my face wrapped up (in humility).—Chullin 78ᵇ (explained Leviticus 22, 28) מי שׁבנו כ׳ אחריו that animal to whom the young clings (the mother). Shabbath 52ᵃ כרוכין with the chain or halter twined around them, opposite נמשכין led by the chain etc. Chullin 59ᵇ (קרנים) כרוכות horns the layers of which encircle one another. Shemoth Rabbah section 33 היו כ׳ זה בזה their bodies were twisted around each other; and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְרַךְto be twined around; to be wrapped up. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 7, 46ᵇ bottom of the page יִכָּרֵךְ המת בסדינו shall the dead be wrapped up in his sheet?, i.e. shall that man be abandoned to his fate?—Yoma 69ᵃ שמא תִכָּרֵךְ וכ׳ lest one thread wind itself around (stick to) his body. Pi'el פִּעֵל כֵּרֵךְ, כֵּי׳ ; Hif'il הִכְרִיךְ to wind around, wrap. Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 3, beginning המַכְרִיךְ סמרטוטין וכ׳ he who ties a bandage over his eyes (pretending blindness) etc. Menachoth 39ᵃ אפי׳ לא כי׳ בה וכ׳ even if he formed only one link by winding the twine around. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 3, 79ᵃ top וִיכָרְכֶינָּה בסיב ויטבילה let him wrap bast around it and so immerse it; the same place (ibid.) 2, end, 78ᶜ (correct accordingly). Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 9, 6 שהוא מְכָרֵךְ בו וכ׳ which one twines around the couch. the same place (ibid.) מַכְרִיךְ.—participle passive מְכוֹרָךְ, plural מְכוֹרָכִין. Vayikra Rabbah section 35 הסייף … ניתנו מכ׳ וכ׳ (Sifré Deuteronomy 40 כְּרוּכִים) the sword and the book have been handed from heaven wrapped up together; and elsewhere—[Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 6, 1, see כִּרְכֵּם.] ↗ original
כְּרַךְ 1same. Targum Job 31, 36, see כְּבַן. Targum Proverbs 6, 21. Targum I Kings 19, 13; and frequently (interch. in edition with Pa.).—Taanith 22ᵃ top לצפרא כַרְכִינְהוּ וכ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) in the morning they rolled the mattresses up and carried them off. Yoma 78ᵇ; Yevamoth 102ᵇ כריך סודרא וכ׳ tied a cloth around his legs. Shabbath 110ᵃ האי מאן דכַרְכֵיה וכ׳ he around whom a serpent has twined itself. Bava Bathra 14ᵇ דכ׳ ביה פורתא ומנח ליה לכַרְכֵיה לעיל Manuscript Hamburg (edition פורתא וכַרְכֵיה לעיל …, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 40) he rolled up a small portion (of the scroll) and placed that rolled portion on top (of the scroll). Avodah Zarah 18ᵇ כְּרַכְתֵּיה she embraced him; and frequently—participle passive כָּרִיךְ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 45ᵈ top כ׳ עליה wound around it.—Esp. כ׳ ריפתאto double the bread, placing salt, herbs etc. between (see the preceding), in gen. כ׳ ר׳ (or supply (understood word) ר׳) to begin a meal, to dine. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 32, 50 ובעו … למִכְרַךְ ר׳ and the guests were about beginning to eat.—Berachoth 22ᵇ כְּרוֹכוּ ר׳ sat down to dine together. Taanith 23ᵇ יתיב וכ׳ ר׳ … איתו כְרוֹכוּ he sat down to eat and did not say to the scholars, come eat with us; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 64ᵇ bottom of the page, and the following אתון כריכין (correct accordingly).—Transferred כְּרוֹךְ ותני combine the two versions into one. Shabbath 34ᵇ. Menachoth 87ᵃ to surround, fortify. Targum Jeremiah 51, 53.—participle passive כָּרִיךְ, feminine כָּרִיכָא, כְּרִיכְתָּא; plural כְּרִיכִין, כְּרִיכַיָּא; כְּרִיכַן, כְּרִיכָתָא. Targum Isaiah 2, 15. the same place (ibid.) 27, 10. Targum Psalms 31, 3; 22. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 3, 5; and frequently—[5. כְּרִיכָא.] Pa'el פִּעֵל כָּרֵיךְsame, see above.—2) to turn around. Targum Proverbs 26, 14 (Hebrew text סבב).—Shabbath 129ᵃ, see זִיקָא I. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִכְּרִיךְto be wrapped up. Targum Esther 8, 15 מִיכְּרִיךְ וכ׳ clothed in etc. (Hebrew text תכריך). Koheleth Rabbah to 8, 11; 9, 10 ורישיה מִיכְּרַךְ with his head wrapped up (in mourning). Shabbath 110ᵇ אִיכְּרַךְ גנא ביה he wrapped himself up in the cloak and slept in it.—Transferred to attach one’s self. Kethuboth 77ᵇ מי אִיכַּרְכַת וכ׳ hast thou mingled with gonorrhoeists etc.? the same place (ibid.) א׳ בהו mingled with them. ↗ original
כֶּרֶךְ (the preceding words) twining. Menachoth 39ᵃ חוט של כ׳ the thread which is used for twining (see תְּכֵלֶת). roll, volume (of a book). Bava Metzia 29ᵇ ולא יהיו ג׳ קורין בכ׳ אחד Munich manuscript (different interpretation or differently interpreted in edition) three persons must not read together in one volume (of a book held in trust by the finder). bundle; in a transferred sense a combined action; בכ׳ אחדsimultaneously; without intermission. the same place (ibid.) 37ᵃ כמי שהפקידו לו בכ׳ א׳ as if they had entrusted their money to him by one act (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 50), opposite to שני כְּרֵיכוֹת. —Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 3, 47ᵇ bottom of the page בכ׳ א׳ (drinking four cups) in immediate succession (Pesachim 108ᵇ בבת אחת), opposite בפיסקין (see כָּרַךְ)—Tosefta Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 11 [read:] נתנן כולן בכ׳ וכ׳ if he put all of them into one fund, he takes the money realized from their sale out of the common fund. Tosefta Megillah 4 (3), 17, and the following ג׳ פסוקים בכ׳ אחד three verses without intermission (for the expositor, see מְתוּרְגְּמָן).—plural (frequently כָּרֵךְ) כְּרֵיכוֹת, see above; Bava Metzia 37ᵇ שתי כ׳. ↗ original
כְּרָךְ common gender (see כְּרַךְfortified place, in gen. city, capital. Megillah 3ᵇ כ׳ שישב ולבסוף הוקף a place which was first settled and then fortified. Chagigah 13ᵇ בן כ׳ an inhabitant of a city, a refined person, opposite בן כפר. Sukkah 51ᵇ he who has not seen Jerusalem in her glory, לא ראה כ׳ וכ׳ has never seen a beautiful city; and frequently—כ׳ גדול (של רומי) Rome. Sanhedrin 21ᵇ כ׳ ג׳ שברומי edition (manuscript של ר׳); Shabbath 56ᵇ. Pesachim 118ᵇ בכ׳ ג׳ edition (Munich manuscript של רומי). Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 759 לדחוף את שרה של כ׳ ג׳ וכ׳ to drive out the genius of Rome etc.; Pesikta Rabbati section 14 (correct accordingly); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Parah, p. 41ᵃ (correct accordingly); and frequently—plural כְּרַכִּים, כְּרַכִּין. Eruvin 21ᵇ judge me not כיושבי כ׳ like the dwellers in large cities (where there are many vices). Megillah 1, 1. Kethuboth 110ᵇ ישיבת כ׳ קשה living in large cities is a hardship. Sifré Deuteronomy 52 Remus and Romulus arose ובנו ב׳ כ׳ ברומי and built two forts in Rome (Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 6; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᶜ צריפים); and frequently—כְּרַכֵּי הים sea-towns, mercantile ports (Tyre etc.). Rosh Hashanah 26ᵃ. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 4; and frequently—[Ruth. R. to 2, 4 בין הכרכים, read: באַרְכִיָים, see אַרְכִי I.]—כְּרַךְ Fort …, see respective determinants. ↗ original
כְּרַךְ 2 Targum 2 Samuel 20, 19. Targum Jeremiah 51, 25 (Hebrew text הר); and frequently—Yoma 53ᵇ דתרום רישך אכולה כ׳ that thy head be raised over the whole city (that thou become the leader of the Jewish community). Taanith 22ᵃ מגנית אכולה כ׳ thou art the protector of the whole community. Chullin 56ᵇ כ׳ דכולה ביה a community in which everything (all classes) can be found; and frequently—plural כְּרַכִּין, כְּרַכַּיָּא, כַּרְכּ׳. Targum Numbers 13, 19 (O. edition Berlin edition כַּרְכִין, variant reading כַּרְכִּין, כְּרָכִין, כְּרַכִין). Targum Job 4, 10 edition Lagarde edition מרתיתין כרכיא (edition מרתיחין כרביא, correct accordingly).—[כְּרַכָּא ד־, כְּרַכָּה ד־Fort …, see respective determinants.—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 34, 8 כַּרְכּוֹי דבר סניגורא the forts of etc. the same place (ibid.) כדכוד דבר זעמה or כדכור, read: כַּרְכּוֹי.] ↗ original
כְּרָכָא (כְּרַךְ) roll. Bava Bathra 14ᵇ כַּרְכֵיה, see כְּרַךְ I. plural כְּרָכֵיmatting which can be rolled up. Shabbath 19ᵇ (Oxford manuscript כְּרָאכֵי); the same place (ibid.) 156ᵇ (Oxford manuscript כְּרִיכֵי), see זָוָוא I. ↗ original
כִּרְכֵּב (redupl. of כרב, see כְּרוּב) to round off, to make a rim by hollowing out the centre (as on a mechanic’s stool, a pot-lid etc.). Chullin 25ᵃ bottom of the page unfinished wooden vessels שעתיד … לכַרְכֵּב which require polishing … or caving out; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 2, 17 כרכב (read לכ׳). the same place (ibid.) 10 (of metal ware) לכרכב; Chullin 25ᵇ לכַרְכֵּר (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) לכרכם). ↗ original
כַּרְכּוֹב , see כִּרְכֵּב) a rim around the altar. Zevachim 62ᵃ איזהו כ׳ … זה כיור what is meant by Karkob Rabbi says, a panel work; R. J. says, the rim (סוֹבֵב) the same place (ibid.) כ׳ בין קרן לקרן (another) rim between one horn and the other; Tosefta Shekalim 3, 19; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, end, 51ᵇ (referring to Shekalim 8, 8; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 18). ↗ original
*כַּרְכּוּז , name of a goat-like animal, Carcuz-goat. Chullin 59ᵇ edition עיזא כ׳ edition (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) עיוא דכרבין goat of Carbin (a place); variant reading כרביז, כרכין, see Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word). ↗ original
כַּרְכּוֹם 1 , masculine(Biblical Hebrew [paint,] crocus, saffron. Kerith. 6ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᵈ (one of the ingredients of frankincense).—Niddah 2, 6 כקרן כ׳ of the color of the bright-colored crocus; explained the same place (ibid.) 7 ברור שבו like the choicest of all (explained the same place (ibid.) 20ᵃ as the middle leaf of the middle row); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 50ᵇ top; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 11; and elsewhere—Tosefta Kilayim 1, 1 כרקם edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (other edition כרפס, correct accordingly).—[the same place (ibid.) 3, 12 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), see כַּרְפַּס 2.]—[Targum Song of Songs 2, 1 כרקום some edition, read: נַרְקִיס.]—plural כַּרְכְּמִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 5, end, 52ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 9, end, 17ᵇ כּוּרְכְּמִין (Chaldaic (Aramaic) form). ↗ original
כַּרְכּוֹם 2 (see כָּרַם, compare כָּרָךְ) [encircling,] troop of siege, stage of siege. Kethuboth 2, 9; Avodah Zarah 71ᵃ עיר שכבשוה כ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 80) a town which troops of siege have taken. Gittin 3, 4 על עיר שהקיפה כ׳ concerning a husband living in a town during a siege (that he is legally presumed to be alive), opposite to עיר שכבשה כ׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2, 26ᵈ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 3, 45ᵃ top איזהו כ׳ what is called a stage of siege (for legal purposes); the same place (ibid.) כ׳ של אותה מלכות a siege by the government troops of the country, opposite to a siege by the enemy. camp of besiegers, the Roman castra. Avodah Zarah 18ᵇ ההולך … ולכ׳ whosoever goes to the arena or the camp; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 6 ולכַרְקוֹמִין (plural). the same place (ibid.) 7 ולכ׳ (מותר) מפני וכ׳ and going to the camp is permitted for the sake of maintaining the political order, see חָשַׁבHithpa'el—plural כַּרְכּוֹמִין, (כַּרְקֹ). Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 7 (referring to לשום כרים על שערים, Ezekiel 21, 27) עשה כ׳ he erected camps of siege (Echah Rabbah introduction, R. Joshua 2 טירונין, see טִירוֹן 2). Tosefta the passage cited, see above. ↗ original
כַּרְכּוֹם , mostly plural (כַּרְקֹ׳) כַּרְכּוֹמִיןworks of siege. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 20, 20 כרכ׳ (edition Berlin edition כרק׳; Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) קַרְקוֹמִין). Targum Lamentations 1, 19. Targum Isaiah 29, 3 כרקום (edition Lagarde edition קַרְקוֹם; Hebrew text מֻצָּב). Targum I Samuel 26, 5; 7 כרכומא (edition Lagarde edition כרק׳, Hebrew text מעגל). ↗ original
כַּרְכּוֹמָא 2 (see כּרְכּוֹם I, compare כְּרוּם) bronze, brazen (compare יָרַק 2). Targum Job 20, 24 (some edition כרבוניי, correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) 40, 18 manuscript (edition נחשא). Targum Psalms 18, 35 (edition Lagarde edition כרכומיא, Targum 2 Samuel 22, 35 נחשא). ↗ original
כִּרְכּוּר (כִּרְכֵּר) circle, circuit, round about way.—plural כִּרְכּוּרִים, רִין …, כִּירְ׳. Bereshith Rabbah section 20; section 45, end; section 63; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 80; 82 כמה כ׳ כרכר בשביל להסיח וכ׳ how many circuits did the Lord make before he addressed Sarah directly (referring to Genesis 18, 13 to 15, and interpreting ויאמר, verse 15, ‘and the Lord said’); Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 7, beginning 21ᵇ [read:] כמה כִּירְכּוּרֵי כ׳ חקב"ה מתאוה בשביל להשיח עם אותה צדקנית how many circles around circles did the Lord draw in order etc. whirl, see כַּרְכָּר. ↗ original
כַּרְכּוּשְׁתָּא (see כַּרְכֵּשׁ I) weasel. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 11, 29 (Hebrew text חלד).—Bava Metzia 85ᵃ בני כ׳ young weasels (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) for correct version). Sanhedrin 105ᵃ (proverb) כ׳ ושונרא וכ׳ weasel and cat (making peace) feast on the fat of the luckless. Megillah 14ᵇ (translation of Huldah), see חוּלְדָּה 3.—[Bava Kamma 52ᵃ, see כַּרְכַּשְׁתָּא I.] ↗ original
כִּרְכִּם (reduplic. of כרם) to draw a circle; denominative כַּרְכּוֹם 2. (compare כְּרוּם) to paint, varnish; to polish, bronze. Kelim 15, 2 סירקן או כִרְכְּמָן if he painted or varnished the boards. the same place (ibid.) 22, 9 כופת שסירקו או כִרְכְּמוֹ וכ׳ a block which one painted or varnished so as to give it a distinguishable surface. Chullin 25ᵇ לכַרְכֵּם Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) to polish or bronze (metal vessels), see כִּרְכֵּב. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 6, 1 ואם … לכרכם עד שיְכַרְכֵּם if he intends to varnish (the leather goods), they cannot become unclean until he has varnished them. Shir HaShirim Rabbah beginning סיתתה וכִירְכְּמָהּ he chiseled and polished the stone, see מָרַק.—כ׳ פנים [to braze the face,] to be bold, defiant (compare יָרַק). Ylamdenu to Numbers 20, 8 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) והוא מְכִרְכֵּם פניו כנגדן (some edition Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) מכרכס, (see Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word) and he (Moses) defied them; Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 763 נִתְכַּרְכְּמוּ פניו, see below.—participle passive מְכוּרְכָּם פנים מְכוּרְכָּמוֹת; green, pale face. Bereshith Rabbah section 99 יצאו ופניהם מכ׳ they went out pale-faced (abashed).—Denom. כַּרְכּוֹם I. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְכַּרְכֵּם (denominative of כַּרְכּוֹם I, compare יָרַק), with פניםto look saffron-like, pale, abashed, grieved. Bereshith Rabbah section 20 נִתְכַּרְכְּמוּ פניו he turned pale. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 19ᵃ bottom of the page Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Parah p. 38ᵃ; Bamidbar Rabbah section 19 (some edition נתכרמו, correct accordingly).—Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 18, 35 ופניו מִתְכַּרְכְּמִין and his (Abraham’s) face turned pale (from jealousy); Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 162 ופני אברהם מִתְכַּרְכְּמוֹת. to become bronze-colored. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 6 נתכ׳ פניו his face was tanned (from exposure to the sun; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 982 נפחם). to become angry, defiant. Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 763, see above. ↗ original
כרכמא , Shabbath 139ᵃ כשותא בכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see כַּרְמָא↗ original
כַּרְכְּמִישָׁא (probably a. denomin. of כַּרְכְּמִישׁ) lead (plumbum). Targum Job 19, 24. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 31, 22. ↗ original
כַּרְכְּמִיתKark’mith, a freed woman. Eduy. 5, 6; Berachoth 19ᵃ; Sifré Numbers 7;—Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 706; Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 כור׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 2, end, 18ᵇ כור׳ תוכיח let the case of K. come in as evidence. ↗ original
כַּרְכַּס (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Carcas, one of the seven attendants of King Ahasuerus. Esther Rabbah to 1, 10 (interpret. by way of acrostics) [read:] זׄתׄרׄ וכׄרׄכׄס זׄנותׄ רְ֗אֵה של אותו רשע וְכָרְכֵם (the Lord said to the angel) see the profligacy of this wicked man, and tie them (like sheaves for threshing; see Matt. K. ad loc. (on the passage)); see כרכסין. ↗ original
כַּרְכָּסָא form of the preceding Esther Rabbah to 1, 10 (an objection to the interpretation וכָרְכֵם (see the preceding), because of ignoring the ס) כ׳ כתיב but it is written Carcasa (and not Carcam). ↗ original
כרכסין , read: כֵּרוּכְסִין (ἐκήρυξεν, supply (understood word) ὁ κῆρυξ; compare בריכסון) it has been announced. Esther to 1, 10 (referring to זׄתׄרׄ וכׄרׄכס, see כַּרְכַּס) לשון יוני הוא היך מה דאת אמר כ׳ Carcas it a Greek expression (‘see the profligacy … and publish it’, κήρυσσε) as you say ἐκήρυξεν, proclamation has been made. ↗ original
כִּרְכֵּר (Pilp. of כרר, see כָּרָה) to go around, go about; [Biblical Hebrew to dance]. Bereshith Rabbah section 20, and elsewhere, see כִּרְכּוּר. to finish by designing circles, emblazon. Chullin 25ᵇ, see כִּרְכֵּב. to form a circle in order to make an announcement. Pesikta Rabbati section 21 למלך שהיה עומד ומְכַרְכֵּר על וכ׳ like a king standing and gathering a circle around him at the entrance of his palace; כך … כשעמד ומכ׳ על הר סיני so the Lord when he stood addressing a meeting on Mount Sinai. ↗ original
כַּרְכָּר (the preceding) whorl of the spindle (vorticulus), also shuttle (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Tela). Shabbath 8, 6 (81ᵃ) ראש הכ׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition a. Mishnah, editio Pesaro הכרכד, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) the top of the whorl; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 17, 16ᵇ. Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 123ᵃ תוחכין בכוש או בכ׳ (Munich manuscript בכַרְכִּיר) you stick it up with a reed or a whorl; Yerushalmi (prefix) the passage cited top of the page Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 9 (10) 10; Shabbath 92ᵇ; Sifra Vayikra, Ḥobah, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9, Parah 7, see לָגַז. Sifré Deuteronomy 96; Avodah Zarah 3, 9 (49ᵇ) נטל הימנה כ׳ Munich manuscript (edition כַּרְכּוֹר, variant reading כִּירְכּוּר, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) if one took from it (the Asherah) a piece to use it as a shuttle; and frequently [turner,] a rod used for shaking olives down. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵃ ברכר, ברכרה, read: כַּרְכָּר, כַּרְכָּרָה (feminine), see מחֲבֵא a. מַחֲבוֹא. ↗ original
*כַּרְכָּר Chaldaic (Aramaic) as the preceding 1. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 4, 48ᵇ bottom of the page שבטא דכדכד ביניהן (Babylonian edition דכדכדא, correct accordingly) the staff of the shuttle (the cane which brings the threads of the web into their place [arundo]), is between them, i.e. there is a great difference between them (compare ‘stamen secernit arundo’, Ovid M. 6, 55). ↗ original
כִּרְכְּרָן (see כִּרְכֵּר) dances, rejoicing. Targum Isaiah 66, 20 בכ׳ ותושבחן (missing in edition Lagarde edition; Hebrew text בכרכרות, compare Targum 2 Samuel 6, 14 שבח for Hebrew כרכר) with dances and songs of praise. ↗ original
כַּרְכֵּשׁ (reduplic. of כרש, see כְּרוֹשְׁיָיתָא a. כֶּרֶסto hollow out, see כַּרְכּוּשְׁתָּא, כַּרְכְּשָׁא. (compare Biblical Hebrew קרס) to bend, bow.—רישא(ב) כ׳ to nod assent. Eruvin 65ᵇ כ׳ … רישיה R. nodded etc. Niddah 42ᵃ כ׳ ליה ברישיה showed his approval of it by nodding; Bava Bathra 143ᵃ top of the page ↗ original
כַּרְכֵּשׁ ² = כַּשְׁכֵּשׁto knock, strike. Shabbath 77ᵇ לכַרְכּוּשֵׁי edition (Munich manuscript לכַשְׁכּוּשֵׁי), see כַּשְׁכֵּשׁ. ↗ original
כַּרְכְּשָׁא (כַּרְכֵּשׁ 1) large intestines, great-gut and rectum). Shabbath 82ᵃ [read with Rashi:] האי כ׳ … יתיב (or with Oxford manuscript כַּרְכַּשְׁתָּא … יתבא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) the rectum is supported by three teeth-like glands. the same place (ibid.) שיני דכרכשתא the glands of etc. Gittin 57ᵃ; Berachoth 62ᵇ שמטיה לכַרְכְּשֵׁיה he dropped his gut (from fright). Chullin 49ᵇ חיטי דכ׳ the fat glands surrounding the large intestines. the same place (ibid.) 113ᵃ כ׳ ומעייא great-gut and (small) intestines. ↗ original
כַּרְכַּשְׁתָּא 1 (כַּרְכֵּשׁ 2) the shepherd’s bell. Bava Kamma 52ᵃ (explained משכוכית) כ׳ Munich manuscript (Manuscript Rome כרכוש׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note; edition קרק׳). ↗ original
כַּרְכַּשְׁתָּא 2 (כַּרְכֵּשׁ 1) = כַּרְכְּשָׁא which see (compare כְּרוֹשְיָיתָא) tufts, tassels (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Fimbriae). Bava Metzia 7ᵃ דתפיסי בכ׳ (Manuscript Rome 2 בכרשתא, corrected into בכרדשתא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 60) both taking hold of the fringes of the cloth (which they claim as finders). ↗ original
כְּרַכְתָּא (כְּרַךְ) a plantation fenced in from all sides. Bava Metzia 22ᵇ (Manuscript Rome 1 כַּרְכָאתָא plural; Munich manuscript כרארכת׳, correct accordingly, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original
כָּרַם (see כָּרָה) to surround, cut off. Denom. כֶּרֶם, כַּרְמְלִית, כַּרְכּוֹם 2. to pile up. Kelim 23, 4 the washer’s chair שהוא כוֹרֵם עליו את הכלים (edition Dehr. כּוֹרֵס) upon which he piles the clothes (to press them); Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 2, 9 שמוכרין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (other edition שמוכרים, read: שכּוֹרְמִ׳); Shabbath 88ᵇ (play on כרמי עין גדי Song of Songs 1, 14) עון גדי שכָּרַמְתִּי לי וכ׳ the guilt of the kid (= golden calf; other opinion גַּדִּי the idol Gad) which I piled (stored up) for me (for future punishment). the same place (ibid.) מאי … כרמי לישנא דמכניש הוא (Munich manuscript כרם … דמכמש, Oxford manuscript דמכבש, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) what evidence is there that the word Kerem has the meaning of gathering (or of pressing, preserving)?—Answ. (by referring to Kelim the passage cited) שכּוֹרְמִים עליו את הכלים. to cover, paint, see כְּרוּם, כַּרְכּוֹם I.—[Tosefta Menachoth 9, 10 וכורמין variant reading, see כָּמַר.] ↗ original
כֶּרֶםthe preceding) [enclosure,] plantation, especially vineyard. Berachoth 35ᵃ, and elsewhere כ׳ זית איקרי כ׳ סתמא לא אקרי an orchard of olive trees is called kerem zayith, but not plain kerem. the same place (ibid.) (referring to Maʿǎser Sheni 5, 1 and the following, and frequently) חד תני כ׳ רבע … נטע רבעי one authority reads everywhere a kerem of the fourth year’s crop, the other nʾtʿa (plantation) etc. Vayikra Rabbah section 32 (play on כְּרֻם, Psalms 12, 9) כַּרְמָן של ממזרים the plantation (genealogy, compare יִחוּס) of the bastards. Peah 7, 6. Kilayim 4, 1, see קָרַחַת; and very frequently—Transferred circle of scholars, college, especially כ׳ ביבנה the college of R. Johanan b. Zaccai in Jamnia (see יַבְנֶה). Kethuboth 4, 6; Bava Bathra 131ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 7ᵈ top; and frequently—[Berachoth 63ᵇ כ׳ ביבנה for which Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 5: אוּשָׁא.]—plural כְּרָמִים. Menachoth 8, 6 (86ᵇ) כ׳ העבודים carefully cultivated vineyards (dug over twice a year); and elsewhere—בֵּית כֶּרֶם proper noun of a place Beth-Kerem. Niddah 2, 7 בקעת ב׳ כ׳ the valley of Beth K. (whose soil was red); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 11. ↗ original
כְּרָם Targum Exodus 22, 4; and frequently—Bava Metzia 104ᵃ; Bava Bathra 7ᵃ if one says (כרם) כרמא אני מוכר לך וכ׳ ‘I sell thee a vineyard’, although there are no vines in it etc.; והוא דמתקרי כ׳ provided the property goes by the name of vineyard (Karma); and frequently—Yevamoth 42ᵇ ממתניתן דכ׳ וכ׳ he changed his opinion on account of what had been taught in the college (at Jamnia), see the preceding—[Yevamoth 121ᵃ בכרמא, see כַּרְמִי.]—plural כַּרְמִין, כַּרְמַיָּא, כַּרְמֵי. Targum Deuteronomy 6, 11. Targum Judges 15, 5. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 2, 4 כ׳ ביבנה schools, (see the preceding); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 4, beginning 29ᵃ, see next word—Sukkah 44ᵇ, see קַשְׁקֵשׁ. ↗ original
כַּרְמִיCarmi in Babylonia. Yevamoth 121ᵃ דאטבע בכ׳ וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בכרמא) a man that was drowned at C. and whose body was found etc. ↗ original
כַּרְמֶל see כֶּרֶם) a well-cultivated plot; whence (supply (understood word) גרש) (grist of) early ripened and tender barley. Menachoth 66ᵇ; Sifra Vayikra, N’dabah, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 14, Parah 13 (referring to Leviticus 2, 14). כׄרׄמׄלׄ רׄךׄ ומׄלׄ soft yet brittle; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 2ᵈ bottom of the page [read:] רך מל לא לח וכ׳ soft yet brittle, neither green nor dry, but between the two. Sifra the passage cited; Menachoth the passage cited (another explanation) כׄרׄ מׄלׄא rounded and full. proper noun Carmel; (probably everywhere) Mount Carmel. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 3, 53ᵈ כשעוה וכשושנת כ׳ of the color of wax or of the lily of Carmel (see יְרַקְרַק); (Tosefta Nega'im 1, 5 כשעוה וכקורמל, variant reading וכקורמן; Rabbenu Shimshon to Nega'im 11, 4 וכקורמין).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᵇ bottom of the page ראש הר הכ׳; Shabbath 35ᵃ ראש הכ׳ (Munich manuscript ראש הר הכ׳) the summit of M. C. Bereshith Rabbah section 99; Mechilta Yithro, Baḥod., section 5 (alluding to Jeremiah 46, 18) תבור … וכ׳ מאספמיא Tabor came (to the desert for the law-giving) from Beth-Elim and C. from Ispamia; Megillah 29ᵃ ↗ original
כַּרְמְלִי (supply (understood word) יין; see the preceding) Carmel wine. Tosefta Niddah 3, 11 [read:] היין השרוני הדומה לכ׳ חי ולא מזוג חדש ולא ישן Sharon wine (mixed) which resembles in color the Carmel wine pure but not mixed, new etc.; Niddah 21ᵃ ↗ original
כַּרְמְלִית (see כֶּרֶם) a marked off plot in a public thoroughfare, in gen. an area which cannot be classified either as private ground (רשות היחיד) or as public ground(רשות הרבים). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 11, 13ᵃ כל המעכב … נקרא כ׳ whatever obstructs the public road is called karm’lith. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 1; Shabbath 6ᵃ, see רָשׁוּת. the same place (ibid.) אבל … ואיסטוונית והכ׳ but the sea, the valley, the colonnade and the carm’lith; explained the same place (ibid.) 7ᵃ קרן זוית הסמוכה לרה"ר a corner plot adjoining the public road; and frequently—plural כַּרְמְלִיּוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 11, end, 13ᵇ ↗ original
כָּרֶמֶת (denominative of כֶּרֶם) vines trained over the wall of the vineyard. Tosefta Menachoth 9, 10 לא מן הכ׳ וכ׳ (variant reading הכדמת) neither from vines trained over the wall nor from those trained on espaliers, see דָּלִית. ↗ original
כְּרָן , construct state כְּרַן (see כרי, compare קרן) roundness, fullness, essence; כ׳ יומאthe very day (Hebrew עצם היום). Targum Ezekiel 24, 2. Targum Leviticus 23, 28; and frequently [Naḥmasculine to Leviticus the passage cited quotes a version קְרַן.] ↗ original
כֶּרֶס [bag,] stomach, belly. Taanith 26ᵃ top על נפש … וכ׳ מלאה when the appetite is satisfied and the stomach filled. Shabbath 151ᵇ (referring to Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 6) זה הכ׳ ‘the pitcher is broken’, that means the stomach. the same place (ibid.) לאחר שלשה … כְּרֵיסוֹ נבקעת וכ׳ three days after burial one’s stomach bursts open … saying (to the mouth), Take what thou hast put into me; Koheleth Rabbah to the passage cited; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 16, 15ᶜ bottom of the page; Bereshith Rabbah section 100. Kethuboth 16ᵃ, and frequently כְּרֵיסָהּ בין שיניה her belly extends to her teeth, i.e. she cannot deny her pregnancy. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 8 [read:] היה מפעפע בכְרֵיסָהּ כאריסה וכ׳ burned in her stomach like the venom of etc.; [Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᵈ top ככריסה, see חֲכִינָה]; and frequently—Esp. the stomach of ruminants, maw. Chullin 3, 1 הכ׳ הפנימית the inner stomach, explained the same place (ibid.) 50ᵇ כל הכ׳ כולו … ואיזהו כ׳ החיצון וכ׳ (masc. !) the whole maw is called the inner stomach, and the outer stomach is the flesh (muscle) which covers the largest portion of the stomach; the same place (ibid.) (another opinion) טפח בוושט סמון לכ׳ וכ׳, corrected; טפח בכ׳ סמוך לוושט one handbreadth of the stomach where it joins the gullet is called the inner stomach; [other defin., see אִסְתּוֹמְכָא, דִּיבָא a. מֵילַת].—plural כְּרֵיסוֹת. Sukkah 21ᵇ שכְּרֵיסוֹתֵיהֶן רחבות whose bellies are broad (projecting further than the rider’s body; Tosefta Parah 3 (2), 2 שכְּרֵיסָן רחבה). ↗ original
כַּרְסָא , also womb. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 5, 21. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 4, 8 (O. גַּוָּא; Hebrew text קֶרֶב). Targum Job 31, 18; and frequently—Chullin 50ᵇ see אִסְתּוֹמְכָא. the same place (ibid.) נפל כ׳ בבירא the stomach fell into the well, i.e. your definition of the ‘inner stomach’ is of no value. Bereshith Rabbah section 70 (proverb) כ׳ טענא רגליא the stomach carries the feet, i.e. cheerful prospects lend physical energy; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 123. Gittin 12ᵃ דנהום כַּרְסֵיה לא שוי (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דנהם כריסא) who is not worth the bread he eats; Bava Kamma 97ᵃ. Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 9 כְּרֵיסֵיה דהאי גברא קומך בזעה this man’s (my) stomach is before thee, cut it open (I cannot pay for my meal); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shub., p. 164ᵇ הא כ׳ … בזעיה (masc.); and frequently—Yevamoth 65ᵇ bottom of the page איכו ילדת לי חדא כ׳ אחריתי Oh that you would bear unto me one more issue of the womb!—Bereshith Rabbah section 68 מני … בכ׳ דביתך (= Hebrew בקרב ביתך) count twenty beams in the inner chamber of thy house; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 55ᵇ bottom of the page גו בייתיך).—plural כְּרֵי סַיָּא (masculine); כְּרֵיסַן, כַּרְסָתָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 5, 22 (not כְּרִיסָן). Targum Psalms 17, 14.—Kethuboth 103ᵃ תרתי כ׳ לית לה she has not two stomachs (double alimentation is of no use to her). ↗ original
כַּרְסָנָאCarsana. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 9, 39ᵃ אילין דבית ברסנה (correct accordingly) those of the family (or school) of C.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 3, 21ᵃ bottom of the page; 5, 22ᵈ, and elsewhere ר׳ שמעון בר כ׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 3, 23ᵇ bottom of the page בר בר סנא (correct accordingly). [Friedman M’bo, p. 129ᵇ: Carsana, proper noun of a place, frequently which כּוּרְסָאיֵי.] ↗ original
כַּרְסֶפֶת (compare כַּרְזְבָא) a species of locusts. Chullin 65ᵇ (variant reading in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כַּרְפֶּסֶת, כרסנית). ↗ original
כַּרְסָתָן (denominative of כַּרְסָא) large-bellied, stout. Chullin 60ᵃ שור כ׳ וכ׳ an ox (in order to fetch a high price) must be stout, have large hoofs etc. ↗ original
כָּרַעto bow, bend the knee. Berachoth 12ᵃ כשהוא כוֹרֵעַ וכ׳ when bowing in prayer, one must bow at the word barukh, opposite זָקַף. the same place (ibid.) 34ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 3ᶜ bottom of the page (interch. with שחה); and very frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְרִיעַto cause to kneel; to subdue; to humiliate, sadden. Bereshith Rabbah section 65; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 114 אני מַכְרִיעַ את אוהבי I shall sadden my friend. Bereshith Rabbah section 75, beginning, see כָּרַח. Bereshith Rabbah section 67 מה אני מכריע וכ׳ (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 116 מַעֲכִיר) why shall I sadden my father? to put the knee of the balance down; to overbalance; to outweigh. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᵇ bottom of the page הזכיות מַכְרִיעוֹת the good deeds overbalance (the sins). Avoth 2, 8 מַכְרִיעַ את כלם outweighs them all. Bava Bathra 5, 11 חייב להַכְרִיעַ לו טפח (weighing a litra of meat or more) he must allow the scale (which contains the meat) to sink one handbreadth lower than the scale of weights, i.e. he must give overweight, opposite עיין to weigh exactly. the same place (ibid.) 89ᵃ שקול לי … והַכְרִיעָהּ weigh for me each litra for itself and give me the legal overweight on it; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᶜ bottom of the page הַכְרַע עליו כסף put money to it in the balance (bribe him). Bereshith Rabbah section 80 כמה ממון ה׳ how much money he put in the balance (paid for it).—Transferred to cast the deciding vote, to decide. Tosefta Chullin 7, 1; Chullin 90ᵇ; Pesachim 83ᵇ הדעת מַכְרַעַת reason decides, see דַּעַת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2, 26ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 10, 10ᵈ bottom of the page הדעת מכרעת בעידי מיתה (not לידי) reason decides in favor of trusting the witnesses testifying to the death of a person. to keep the balance; in a transferred sense to harmonize two contrary opinions, to compromise. Sifra introduction שני כתובים המכחישים … ויַכְרִיעַ ביניהם when two Biblical verses contradict each other, you must not draw any conclusions until a third verse is found which harmonizes them. the same place (ibid.) end (referring to Exodus 19, 20 a. Deuteronomy 4, 36) הכ׳ השלישי a third passage (Exodus 20, 22) harmonizes (that the Lord lowered the heavens so as to make them rest on Mount Sinai); Mechilta Yithro, Baḥod. section 9. Sifré Numbers 58.—Kiddushin 24ᵇ המַכְרִיעִים לפני חכמים the harmonizers arguing before the scholars. Shabbath 39ᵇ כל מקום … ואחד מכריע הלכה כדברי המכ׳ whenever you find two scholars differing and one compromising, the practice follows the opinion of the compromiser; and frequently—5. הֶכְרַע, הַכְרָעָה. ↗ original
כְּרַעto bow, bend the knee. Targum Onkelos Genesis 24, 26 (Yerushalmi (prefix) גחן). Targum 2 Esther 3, 2; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ bottom of the page הוא כ׳ מגרמיה it (the head) bowed spontaneously. (of the balance) to sink, outweigh. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 1, 15. to decide by majority. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 25, 1 (see Sanhedrin 10ᵃ). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְרַעto sadden. Targum Judges 11, 35. to weigh. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 82ᵃ באכרעתא דאַכְרְעוּן וכ׳, see אַכְרַעְתָּא. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּרעto be weighed. the same place (ibid.) ↗ original
כֶּרַע common gender (Biblical Hebrew; [hollow, compare בֶּרֶךְ,] knee, leg. Zevachim 8, 5 כַּרְעוֹ של וכ׳ the leg of one of them (Talmud edition 77ᵇ כרעים du.). Kelim 18, 7 כ׳ שהיתה וכ׳ a knee-shaped piece of wood which became unclean … and which one fastened to a bedstead; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 9, 3. the same place (ibid.) 8, 8 כ׳ שפרש וכ׳ a leg of a bedstead which was taken off with the longside etc.; and elsewhere—Du. כְּרָעַיִם, כְּרָעַיִים; plural כְּרָעִים, כְּרָעִין. Tamid 4, 2. Zevachim 8, 5. Sukkah 15ᵇ, see אֲרוּכָה. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 3 מה כרס … והכ׳ וכ׳ as the belly is bounded by the heart (chest) on the one, and the legs on the other. Kelim 18, 5; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 8, 5; and frequently ↗ original
כַּרְעָא Berachoth 7ᵃ קאי אחד כ׳ stands on one leg. Menachoth 34ᵃ; Yoma 11ᵇ כי עקר איניש כַּרְעֵיה וכ׳ when a person starts to walk, he moves his right leg first. the same place (ibid.) 78ᵃ הוה כאיב לי כַּרְעָאִי my leg was hurting me. the same place (ibid.) גבא דכ׳ הוה I mean the upper portion of the leg. Kiddushin 49ᵃ מסאנא דרב מכַּרְעָאִי וכ׳ I want no shoe larger than my foot, i.e. I want no husband too high in rank.—Shabbath 104ᵃ כַּרְעֵיה דגימ"ל, דדל"ת the foot of the letter Gimmel, … Daleth; and frequently—plural כְּרָעַיָּא, כַּרְעִין. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 1, 13 (Yerushalmi (prefix) ריגלי). the same place (ibid.) 9 כְּרָעוֹהִי. Targum Amos 3, 12; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, 49ᵃ bottom of the page חמון כ׳ look at these legs (how fat); Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 3, 65ᶜ bottom of the page; Vayikra Rabbah section 34; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 665; Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 13.—Avodah Zarah 38ᵇ עד טופרי דכְרָעַיְיהוּ to the nails of their feet; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, end, 55ᶜ כּוּרְעָתָא דערסא legs of the bed. ↗ original
כרפוונה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵃ top (referring to פול הלבן Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 1, 1; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ספרווה, Rabbenu Shimshon to Kilayim the passage cited מרשיא) corruption of a probably Greek name for white beans. ↗ original
כַּרְפַּס 1 compare κάρπασος, carbasus, Sanscrit carpâsa cotton) fine linen. Esther Rabbah to 1, 6, explained קַרְפָּסִינוֹן. Megillah 12ᵃ, see כַּר. ↗ original
כַּרְפַּס 2 (compare כְּרוּב 2, כְּרַף) an umbelliferous plant, celery, parsley. Shevi'ith 9, 1 כ׳ שבנהרות (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Krot. כוסבר, correct accordingly) water-parsley, explained Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 38ᶜ פיטרוסילינון (πετροσέλινον), contradistinguished to garden-parsley; Sukkah 39ᵇ (Rashi: cress, or ‘apium’, parsley). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ; and elsewhere—[Tosefta Kilayim 1, 1 הכוסבר והכ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) והכרקם, see כַּרְכּוֹם I.]. ↗ original
כַּרְפְּסָא 1 Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew כַּרְפַּס I. Targum Esther 8, 15. ↗ original
כַּרְפְּסָא 2 Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew כַּרְפַּס 2. Avodah Zarah 28ᵃ כ׳ בטילא parsley put in strong wine. the same place (ibid.) 38ᵇ ביזרא דכ׳ parsley-seed. Kethuboth 61ᵃ.—[Tosefta Kilayim 3, 12 והכרפסא edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), variant reading והרִכְפָּא.] ↗ original
כִּרְצָא (כרץ, compare קרץ) intestinal worms. Gittin 69ᵇ לכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition לכי׳) a remedy for etc. the same place (ibid.) לכ׳ חיורא for white worms. ↗ original
כַּרְשִׁינָא 1 (see כָּרֵישׁ) ball, pebble.—plural כַּרְשִׁינֵי. Shabbath 81ᵃ כ׳ בבלייתא Babylonian pebbles (cloddy and brittle). ↗ original
כַּרְשִׁינָה 1 (compare כְּרֵישָׁה) a porraceous plant.—בורית כ׳ an alkaline solution of carshina. Kerithoth 6ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᵈ.—plural כַּרְשִׁינִים, כַּרְשִׁינִין. Shabbath 1, 5 (17ᵇ) אין שורין … וכ׳ אלא וכ׳ (shortly before Sabbath) we must not lay in ink-material, … or alkaline plants; [commentary or commentaries refer to next word]. ↗ original
כַּרְשִׁינָה 2 (compare כַּרְשִׁינָא I) a species of vetch, probably horse-bean, rarely used as human food. Bechoroth 6, 1 (37ᵃ) ניקבה מלא כ׳ if there is a hole in the ear lap of the size of a carshinah; Bechoroth 37ᵇ, explained הינדא; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 1. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 59ᵈ top פחות מן הכ׳ less than the size of etc.; and elsewhere—plural כַּרְשִׁינִים, כַּרְשִׁינִין. Bava Metzia 90ᵃ. Challah 4, 9, and frequently כַּרְשִׁינֵי תרומה beans set aside for the priest’s share. Maʿǎser Sheni 2, 4; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 1. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 4, 60ᵇ אימתי גזרו על הכ׳ (contradistinguished to בִּיקְיָא) when was the law declaring carshinah subject to T’rumah enacted?—Answ. בימי רעבון in days of famine (when it served as human food). Esther Rabbah to 1, 14 (play on כׄרׄשׄנׄא, the same place (ibid.)) אני בוזק לפניהם כׄרׄשׁינׄין ומשׄירן מן העולם I shall crush vetch (to be placed) before them (send a famine compelling them to eat vetch) and make them fall off (fade away) from the world. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 2, 53ᶜ קל … בכרשיני (read: בכרשינין) they made the law concerning carsh. less stringent. the same place (ibid.) עיסה של כ׳ a dough made of common gender—Meïl. 3, 6 כרשיני הקדש; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 21 כַּרְשִׁנֵּי edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (some edition כר שני, correct accordingly), see הֶקְדֵּשׁ; and frequently—Koheleth Rabbah to 6, 1 כַּרְשִׁנִּים בפלפלין he who puts vetch into pepper; (Tosefta Bava Bathra 5, 6 כּוּסְבֶּרֶת). ↗ original
כָּרַתto cut. Bamidbar Rabbah section 16 ונקרא אשכול … לִכְרוֹת וכ׳ and he (Abraham’s ally) was named Eshkol (Cluster), on account of the cluster of grapes which the Israelites were destined to cut in his home.—Esp. to cut genitals, mutilate. Bechoroth 33ᵇ נותק אחר כּוֹרֵת, see נָתַק.—participle passive כָּרוּת. the same place (ibid.); and frequently—כְּ׳ שפכה one that is mutilated at his membrum, see שָׁפַךְ. Tosefta Yevamoth 11, 2. Yevamoth 8, 2; and frequently [to draw a circle, place outside, compare meanings of חרם, ברי,] to cut off, excommunicate, see כָּרֵת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 2, beginning 64ᶜ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 11, 30ᵇ צא … עונשין וכוֹרְתִים deduct twenty years up to which age the divine court neither punishes nor decrees excision. to separate, divorce; to make final. Gittin 21ᵇ; Sukkah 24ᵇ (referring to Deuteronomy 24, 3) ספר כּוֹרְתָהּ וכ׳ the delivery of the deed divorces her and nothing else does. the same place (ibid.) דבר הכּוֹרֵת בינו לבינה something (a condition) which (if fulfilled) severs definitely the connection between him and her (e.g. a condition that she will drink no wine for the next thirty days, after the lapse of which time the letter of divorce takes its effect retroactively, opposite to a condition that she will abstain from wine all the rest of her life in which case the letter of divorce cannot take effect).—participle passive כָּרוּתdefinite. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 7, 48ᵈ כגט כ׳ הוא it is like a final divorce (taking effect immediately); Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 8, 16ᶜ top כ׳ הוא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 3, 44ᵈ top; 9, 50ᵇ bottom of the page זה כ׳ לשמה ווה כ׳ לשמה (not זו) this letter was definitely made out for this woman, and so was the other for the other woman. the same place (ibid.) 3, beginning 44ᶜ אלא שלא הי׳ לה כ׳ … ראשונה (strike out לה); and frequently—3) to decide, make final. Berachoth 4ᵃ; Sanhedrin 16ᵇ (referring to כְּרֵתִי as a symbolical name for the Urim and Tummim, or for the Sanhedrin) שכּוֹרְתִים את דבריהם they give definite and precise decisions; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 3 כּוֹרְתֵי כריתות, see כְּרִיתָה; and elsewhere—כ׳ בְּרִית (see בְּרִית) to covenant, make a firm promise. Bereshith Rabbah section 44 כָּרַתָּ ב׳ עם וכ׳ thou hast promised to Noah that thou wilt not destroy his descendants; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 76 כָּרַתָּה.—participle passive כָּרוּת, feminine כְּרוּתָה. Moed Katan 18ᵃ, and frequently ברית כ׳ לשפתים, see בְּרִית. Rosh Hashanah 17ᵇ ב׳ כ׳ לי"ג מדזת וכ׳ there is a solemn insurance given that the invocation of the thirteen divine attributes (Exodus 34, 6, and the following) will never be without effect (referring to Exodus 34, 10).—Transferred ב׳ כ׳it is a necessity, unavoidable. Niddah 58ᵇ ב׳ כ׳ לו שכל וכ׳ whoever crushes it cannot help smelling it. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְרַתto be cut, mutilated. Yevamoth 8, 2 (explained כרות שפכה, Deuteronomy 23, 2) כל שנ׳ הגיד when the membrum is mutilated. the same place (ibid.) 75ᵇ נִכְרְתוּ ביצים when the testicles are cut out; and frequently—2) to be covenanted. Sotah 37ᵇ שלא נִכְרְתוּ עליה וכ׳ upon which were not closed forty eight covenants; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 11; and frequently to be cut off, destroyed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᵈ bottom of the page (referring to Numbers 15, 31) מלמד שהנפש נִכְרָתָה ועונה בה which intimates that (the idolater’s) soul is cut off (through premature death, כָּרֵת), while her guilt remains with her (unexpiated by death); Sanhedrin 64ᵇ (referring to the emphasized expression הכרת תכ׳, Numbers the passage cited) הִכָּרֵת בעו"הז וכ׳hiccareth refers to this world etc.; and frequently—Verbal noun הִיכָּרֵת, see כָּרֵת. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְרִיתto destroy, exterminate. Tanchuma R’eh 7 והַכְרִיתֵם and exterminate them. the same place (ibid.) כשיַכְרִית וכ׳ when the Lord … shall have destroyed …, you will enter. Tosefta Sanhedrin 4, 5 להַכְרִית זרעו וכ׳ to exterminate the seed of Amalek; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל כֵּרֵתto doom to destruction. Arachin 15ᵇ שכבר כֵּרְתוֹ וכ׳ for David has doomed him etc. (referring to Psalms 12, 4); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 559. ↗ original
כְּרַת , especially to separate, divorce. Gittin 21ᵇ, and frequently עידי מסירה כַּרְתֵי it is the witnesses of delivery (in whose presence the deed of divorce is handed to the wife) that effect the divorce (and the signature of the witnesses is unessential); opposite to עידי חתימה כרתי it is the signing witnesses etc.—Imper. כְּרוֹת (only in) כ׳ גיטאmake the divorce final, definite (see the preceding). the same place (ibid.) 9ᵃ היינו טעמא משום דלאו כ׳ ג׳ היא the reason (that the manumission of the slave is not lawful) is because the form was not in compliance with the rule, ‘make the divorce definite’; Bava Bathra 150ᵇ ↗ original
כָּרֵת (= הִכָּרֵת, see כָּרַתNif'al) excommunication, extermination; (in Talmud law) divine punishment through premature or sudden death, opposite to מיתה בידי אדם capital punishment. Sanhedrin 60ᵇ זובח … כ׳ הוא is not slaughtering consecrated animals outside of the Temple punishable with extinction?, opposite קטלא death by execution. Moed Katan 28ᵃ מת בחמשים שנה זו היא מיתת כ׳ if one dies at the age of fifty, that is death of divine visitation; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 2, beginning 64ᶜ בהִיכָּרֵת; Treatise Smachoth, Treatise 3, 8 בהִכָּרֵת. the same place (ibid.) 10 וכי מה מודיענו שמיתתם בהכרת what is there to indicate that they died by divine visitation?; Yerushalmi (prefix) the passage cited 64ᵈ top שהוא בהיכרת.—Moed Katan the passage cited נפקי לי מכ׳ I have escaped the punishment of kareth (being sixty years old). the same place (ibid.) כ׳ דשני the kareth of years, premature death; כ׳ דיומי the k. of days, sudden death. Chullin 31ᵃ עון כ׳ a transgression punishable with k., opposite איסור מיתה. Makkoth 3, 15 (23ᵃ) נפטרו מידי כְּרֵיתָן Munich manuscript (edition ידי כְּרִיתָתָם) are released from k. (which would otherwise await them). the same place (ibid.) 13ᵇ ולמה יצאת כ׳ באחותו why is the punishment of k. specifically mentioned with reference to incest with a sister (Leviticus 20, 17, being included in Leviticus 18, 29)?—Bereshith Rabbah section 28 (referring to כְּרֵתִים, Zephaniah, Book of 2, 5, see Targum ad loc. (on the passage)) גוי שהוא ראוי כ׳ a nation deserving extermination; (Yalkut Shimoni Zephaniah, Book of 567 ראוי לִיכָּרֵת); and very frequently—plural כְּרִיתוֹת (frequently כְּרִיתָה). Kerithoth 1, 1 שלשים ושש כ׳ בתורה there are thirty six transgressions mentioned in the Torah as (eventually) punishable with kareth. Makkoth 3, 15, and frequently חייבי כ׳ those on whose transgressions the penalty of k. is pronounced; and frequently—K’rithoth, a treatise of the Mishnah, Tosefta, and Talmud Babli, of the Order of Kodashim. ↗ original
כרתון , Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 5, 30ᵃ top, read: כרתין, see כְּוֶורֶת↗ original
כְּרֵתִי (Biblical Hebrew) gent. n. K’rethi, Cherethi; (collect.) the body-guard of David; (homilet.) the Sanhedrin (or Urim and Tummim). Berachoth 4ᵃ, see כָּרַת. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 3, 5. כְּרִיתָה; and elsewhere—plural כְּרֵתִיִּים. Menachoth 28ᵇ כמין תפוחי הכ׳ edition (edition Venice, a. other, and Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הבִּרְתִּיִּים) the shape of the apples of the K’rethiim (Cretans?); the same place (ibid.) 63ᵃ הכ׳ Manuscript Rome 2 (edition הברתים), see בִּירְתִית. ↗ original
כָּרֵתִי (Hebr. denominative of Chaldaic ) porraceous (of color), leek-green stuff. Berachoth 1, 2 (משיכיר) בין תכלת לכ׳ when one can distinguish between blue and green; (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition כְרֵתָן; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) variant reading כרתא, כרתה). Sukkah 3, 6 הירוק ככ׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition ככרתן) an Ethrog green like a porraceous plant (see כְּרֵתִינוֹן).—Gittin 31ᵇ סרבלא דכ׳ a cloak of green wool. ↗ original
כָּרָתֵי (see כָּרֵישָׁה) leek. Targum Numbers 11, 5 edition Berlin edition כָּ׳ (other edition כְּ׳; Yarg. Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 כְּרָתַיָּא, some edition כְּרַתְיָא; Hebrew text חָצִיר).—Avodah Zarah 10ᵇ שדר ליה כ׳ he (the emperor) sent him leek (symbolically alluding to כרת, ‘my progeny will be cut off’, Rashi). Kerithoth 6ᵃ; Horayoth 12ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 4, end, 29ᶜ זרע כרמיה כרתין planted leek in his vineyard. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ ההן דגזז … כ׳ וכ׳ he who cuts (on the Sabbath) coriander …, leek etc. Babylonian Shabbath 110ᵇ, see בַּתְוָוא a. כָּתָא; and frequently ↗ original
כְּרֵתִינוֹן (a denominative of כְּרֵתָן, כָּרֵתִי, formed after the Greek πράσινον) leek-colored, green. Ylamdenu to Genesis 49, 1 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בין תכלת לצבע כ׳ (Berachoth 1, 2 לכרתי), see כָּרֵתִי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 3, 53ᵈ (referring to Mishnah ירוק ככרתן, see כָּרֵתִי) כהן כ׳ או דדמי להן כרתינין (correct accordingly) does the Mishnah mean exactly as green as leek, or any shade like leek? ↗ original
כַּשְׂדִּי , plural) Chaldean. Megillah 12ᵇ כלי … כשדיי the vessel which I use (my wife) is neither …, but a Chaldean.—pluralכַּשְׂדִּים, כַּשְׂדִּיִּים. Sukkah 52ᵇ. Pesikta Rabbati section 37 כשנפרע מן הכ׳ when the Lord punished the Chaldeans (Babylonia, see Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 93, 1).—Bava Bathra 15ᵇ. Echah Rabbah to 1, 14 כ׳ קשה the Chaldean government was tyrannical (contradistinguished to בבל); and elsewhere—Fem.כַּשְׂדִּית, plural כַּשְׂדִּיּוֹת. Sanhedrin 92ᵇ ↗ original
כָּשׁוֹרָא (כשר; compare גִּשְׁרָא) joist, beam, post. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 19, 8 (O. שָׁרִיתָא; Hebrew text קֹרָה). Targum 2 Kings 6, 2 (edition Lagarde edition שדי, variant reading שרי, כ׳); and elsewhere—Bava Kamma 66ᵇ, see טְלָלָא. the same place (ibid.) 11ᵃ, see זוּזָא I. Horayoth 3ᵇ כי היכי דנימטין שיבא מכ׳ in order that each of us may carry off a chip of the beam (that you may share the responsibility with me). Kethuboth 17ᵃ אין דמיין עלייכי ככ׳ if they (the brides you carry in procession) are on your shoulders like a beam (awaking no sensual desire). the same place (ibid.) 86ᵇ; Bava Kamma 98ᵇ כי כ׳ לצלמי like a beam fit for decorative mouldings (proverbial expression for straight and exact), see גְּבִי. Kiddushin 80ᵇ … מיחברי כ׳ וכ׳ ten persons combine to steal a beam and are not ashamed of one another; and elsewhere—plural כְּשׁוֹרִין, כְּשׁוֹרֵי. Targum 2 Chronicles 34, 11. Targum Song of Songs 1, 17 כְּשׁוֹרוֹהִי (some edition כָּשְׁרוֹהִי); and elsewhere—Shabbath 67ᵃ ז׳ ציבי מז׳ כ׳ seven chips from seven beams. Bava Kamma 96ᵃ גובי ועבדינהו כ׳ if one stole trunks and made them into joists (by trimming). Gittin 67ᵇ איעסק בכ׳ busied himself with carrying (or trimming) beams; and elsewhere—Transferred lengthy slices of a radish. Shabbath 108ᵇ במערבא מלחי כ׳ כ׳ Munich manuscript (edition כִּישְׁרֵי, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כִּשְׁרֵי, variant reading כִּישֵׁי; Alfasi פישרי) in Palestine they salt them (on the Sabbath) each slice by itself (just as they are eaten). ↗ original
כָּשׁוֹרְתָּא feminine same. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, 61ᶜ top quoted in Ḥidd. Meiri, see מוּלְיֵי↗ original
כָּשׁוּת (compare כִּישָׁא) tuft, pubescence, fine hairs or fibres. ʿUktsin 2, 1. Mikvaoth 9, 4 כ׳ של קטן the downy hair growth of a youth before puberty; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6, 10 כ׳ של נדיל וכ׳ quoted by Rabbenu Shimshon to Mikvaoth the passage cited (edition כתות) the hair growth of one entering on puberty, about which he cares not.—Esp. (also masc. supply (understood word) שער) cuscuta, a parasite growing on shrubs (see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 230, and the following). Tosefta Kilayim 1, 11 (variant reading קשות), see הִיזְמָא. the same place (ibid.) 3, 16 כ׳ אינו וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (other edition אין); Shabbath 139ᵃ Munich manuscript (edition כישות), see כִּלְאַיִם. (collect. noun, supply (understood word) מיני) cucumbers or melons in an early stage when they are pubescent. the same place (ibid.) 109ᵃ כ׳ אין בהם משום רפואה pubescent cucumbers or melons are not considered medicinal (in Sabbath law). the same place (ibid.) כל מיני כ׳ שרו וכ׳ (Oxford manuscript כישות, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word טרז: קִישׁוּת or קִישׁוֹת which see) all kinds of downy plants are permitted (on the Sabbath as not medicinal), except t’ruza, see טְרוּזָא. ↗ original
כָּשׁוּת ² , especially cuscuta. Eruvin 28ᵇ כ׳ נמי מארעא קא רבי וכ׳ cuscuta, too, draws its nourishment from the ground, for behold, as soon as you cut the shrub, the cuscuta on it dies. Shabbath 107ᵇ האי מאן דתלש כ׳ וכ׳ he who tears common gender loose from the shrubs etc. Shabbath 139ᵃ כ׳ בכרמא עירבובא cuscuta in a vineyard is a forbidden mixture (see כִּלְאַיִם). the same place (ibid.) 109ᵇ bottom of the page אוכליה כ׳ וכ׳ ordered him to eat common gender with salt and to run etc. Gittin 69ᵃ, see חוּמַרְתָּא.—Chullin 47ᵇ דדמיא ככ׳ looking like common gender (yellowish).—see כָּשַׁרְתָּא. ↗ original
כַּשִּׁילa carpenter’s tool for chipping, axe. Bava Kamma 10, 10 ובכ׳ של בעה"ב when working with the axe, the chips belong to the owner, contradistinguished to מעצד. the same place (ibid.) 119ᵇ, see חֲצִינָא.—plural כַּשִּׁילִים, כַּשִּׁילִין. Sotah 8, 6 כ׳ של ברזל iron axes (as a weapon in war). Sifré Deuteronomy 337 כשלים (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כַּשִּׁילָא —plural כַּשִּׁילִין. Targum Jeremiah 46, 22 (Hebrew text קרדמות). ↗ original
כִּשְׁכּוּשׁ (כִּשְׁכֵּשׁ) striking (with the tail). Bava Kamma 19ᵇ כ׳ יתירא a more than ordinary habit of knocking about. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ באמתא Munich manuscript (edition כשכשה באמתה, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note), see כִּשְׁכֵּשׁ. ↗ original
כַּשְׁכָּרCashkar, Cascara (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1843) in Babylonia. Yoma 10ᵃ אכד זה כ׳ Munich manuscript 2 a. manuscript L. (edition ב׳; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 10) Accad is C. Shabbath 139ᵃ בני ב׳. Gittin 80ᵇ אסטנדרא דב׳, see אִסְטַנְדְּרָא. [5. Schrader KAT2, p. 3465 Arku, Nipur, Kiš.] ↗ original
כִּשְׁכֵּשׁ (כשש; compare גִּשְׁגֵּשׁ) to knock, strike, move to and fro, shake. Betzah 20ᵃ כ׳ להם בזנבה (Munich manuscript כ׳ לה) he made for them (in their presence) striking movements with the animal’s tail (making believe it was a female); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 61ᶜ top התחיל מְכַשְׁכֵּשׁ בזנבה; Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 78ᵃ bottom of the page—Chullin 2, 6 עד שׁתְּכַשְׁכֵּשׁ בזנבה unless the animal strikes about with its tail (an evidence of vitality). the same place (ibid.) 38ᵃ top כִּישְׁכְּשָׁה באזנה if it shook its ears (with vital force). Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 2, beginning 2ᵈ; Babylonian Bava Kamma 19ᵇ כ׳ בזנבה if the beast struck (and did damage) with its tail. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ באמתה (see the preceding) if she struck (and did damage) with her fore-leg.—5. שִׁכְשֵׁךְ 2.—[ (= שִׁכְשֵׁךְ; compare גִּעְגֵּעַ) to soothe, pat. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Zakhor p. 24ᵇ (את) מְכַשְׁכְּשׁוֹ, see שִׁכְשֵׁךְ I.] ↗ original
כַּשְׁכֵּשׁ , to shake, knock about etc. Yoma 84ᵇ ומְכַּשְׁכֵּישׁ ליה באמגוזי Munich manuscript (edition משביש, variant reading in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word שבש: מְקַשְׁקֵישׁ) he may rattle nuts for it (to entertain the child). Shabbath 77ᵇ לכַשְׁכּוּשֵׁי בקי Munich manuscript (edition לכַרְכּוּשֵׁי) to chase off gnats by striking (with the tail). ↗ original
*כַּשְׂכֵּשׂ (transpos. of שכשך, see סִכְסֵךְ I) to entangle, catch, confound. Koheleth Rabbah to 4, 14 (referring to בית הסורים the same place (ibid.)) דהוא מְכַשְׂכֵּשׂ לברייתא כמן ביני סריאתא he (the seducer) catches the people like one coming forth from between the bushes; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 9. ↗ original
כָּשַׁלto strike against, stumble. Vayikra Rabbah section 19 (referring to Isaiah 35, 3) שהן נראות כאילו כּוֹשְׁלוֹת knees which have the appearance of stumbling (threaten to stumble). the same place (ibid.) שכְּשַׁלְתֶּם וכ׳ for you have really stumbled (sinned) through your evil deeds. Bamidbar Rabbah section 16 כְּשַׁלְתֶּם you have stumbled (were discouraged; Tanchuma Shlaḥ 2 נתרשלתם); and elsewhere—כּוֹשֵׁל (law) weak, under legal disadvantages (in adapt. of Isaiah the passage cited a. Job 4, 4). Kethuboth 9, 2 ינתנו לַכּ׳ שבהן let it be given him who is under the greatest disadvantage of all (the claimants being the deceased man’s widow, his creditor and his heirs); explained the same place (ibid.) 84ᵃ לכ׳ שבראיה to him who is under disadvantage for evidence (whose document is of the latest date); [other opinion] לכתובת אשה to the widow, see חִינָּא; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, 33ᵃ top לכ׳ שבראיותיו וכ׳ to him who is the weakest as to evidence, e.g. he who loaned without witnesses as against him who has witnesses. the same place (ibid.) לכ׳ בגופו to him who is in feeble health (and poor). Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְשַׁלto be struck, meet with an accident. Mechilta Beshallach section 2 לא נ׳ אחד וכ׳ not one of them (the Egyptians) met with an accident (was detained) on the road. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᶜ bottom of the page נ׳ באצבעו got a sore finger; the same place (ibid.) 16, 15ᶜ top; Echah Rabbah to 4, 20; and elsewhere to stumble, fall; to be led to sin. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shub., p. 165ᵃ והיו … נִכְשָׁלִין בו and people stumbled over it (the rock); Yalkut Shimoni Hosea 533. the same place (ibid.) אדם נ׳ בעכירה if man becomes a victim of sin. Gittin 43ᵃ אין אדם … אא"כ נ׳ בהן one never gets at the true sense of the words of the Law, except after mistakes; Chagigah 14ᵃ; Shabbath 120ᵃ.—Berachoth 28ᵇ ולא אֶכָּשֵׁל בדבר הלכה and that I may not err against a hălakhah; ולא יִכָּשְׁלוּ וכ׳ nor may my colleagues etc. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22 בשביל … איני נִכְשֶׁלֶת because I am a queen, I shall not come to grief; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְשִׁילto cause to stumble, to be an obstruction; to weaken; to cause sin. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 3, end, 34ᵈ a breach in the fence מַכְשֶׁלֶת את הרבים annoying the public (an obstruction to traffic). Rosh Hashanah 1, 6 נמצאת מַכְשִׁילָן לע"ל thou wilt make them sin in future cases (by their refraining from going to court); Yoma 77ᵇ שלא תהא מַכְשִׁילָן וכ׳ that thou mayest not cause them to sin (by staying away from college); Kiddushin 33ᵃ; Chullin 54ᵇ מְכַשְּׁלָן (Pi'el).—Avodah Zarah 11ᵇ פיהם הִכְשִׁילָן לרשעים Munich manuscript (edition ה׳ פיהם) their own (ominous) words brought these wicked men to fall; Bamidbar Rabbah section 18. Bava Kamma 16ᵇ; Bava Bathra 9ᵇ (referring to מכשלים, Jeremiah 18, 23) הַכְשִׁילֵם וכ׳ make them stumble by sending them unworthy subjects of charity. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 90 לעצמי הייתי מַכְשִׁיל I should have injured myself. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּישֵּׁל same, see above.—2) to weaken, break the force of. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᶜ bottom of the page מְכַשְּׁלוֹ בגבעות (Bereshith Rabbah section 24 מרשלו), see חָשַׁל. ↗ original
כְּשַׁל , Af. אַכְשַׁלto bring to fall. Gittin 57ᵃ אַכְשְׁלֵיה פומיה לבר וכ׳ his own mouth (his presumptuous prayer) caused Bar-Daroma’s downfall. ↗ original
כִּשָּׁלוֹןthe preceding) downfall, stumbling, weakness. Chagigah 14ᵃ; Shabbath 119ᵇ אפי׳ בשעת כִּשְׁלוֹנָהּ וכ׳ even at the period of Jerusalem’s downfall (moral decay) the men of faith did not fail her. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22 (referring to Proverbs 24, 16) תכף לכ׳ רעה the evil immediately follows their stumbling (leaving no time to rise). Yalkut Shimoni Job 897 (referring to Job 4, 4) היית מנחם כל בעלי כ׳ thou didst console all the afflicted (Tanchuma Vayishl., edition Buber edition 8 יסורין). ↗ original
כָּשַׁף [to whisper, see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Talmud Dictionary 2, p. 459,] to think, devise, see כּוּשְׁפָּא. Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּישֵּׁףto charm, practice sorcery (compare לָחַשׁ). Sanhedrin 43ᵃ (suppressed in later editions, see יֵשׁוּ) על שכי׳ והסית וכ׳ because he practiced sorcery and enticed etc. the same place (ibid.) 7, 4 המְכַשֵּׁף he who practices witchcraft, explained the same place (ibid.) 11 המכ׳ העושה מעשה וכ׳ he who produces a real effect is guilty, not he who produces an optical delusion, see אָחַז; and frequently—5. מְכַשֵּׁף. מְכַשֵּׁפָה. ↗ original
כֶּשֶׁף , masculine, plural כְּשָׁפִים(Biblical Hebrew; the preceding) sorcery. Chullin 7ᵇ (referring to Deuteronomy 4, 35) אין עוד מלבדו ואפי׳ כ׳ ‘there is none (no power) besides Him’, … not even sorcery (can do anything without the will of God); Sanhedrin 67ᵇ (edition ואפי׳ לדבר כ׳; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 2); Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 828.—Berachoth 53ᵃ בנות ישראל מקטרות לכ׳ daughters of Israel (in large places) are suspected of letting incense rise for sorcerous practices. Eruvin 64ᵇ בדורות אחרונים … פרוצות בכ׳ in these latter days when daughters of Israel are unrestrained in practicing sorcery. Sanhedrin 67ᵃ מצויות בכ׳ habitually inclined to sorcery, see כַּשְׁפָּנִית. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 4, end, 66ᶜ בעלת כ׳ sorceress; and frequently ↗ original
כַּשָּׁףthe preceding) sorcerer.—plural כַּשָּׁפִים, כַּשָּׁפִין. Chullin 7ᵇ; Sanhedrin 67ᵇ למה … כׄשׁפׄים (Munich manuscript מכשפים) why are they called kashshafim? מפני שמכֹחישׁין פׄמליא של מעלה because they lessen the power of divine agencies. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 80, end כשפין (edition Buber edition כַּשְׁפָּנִין; other edition מְכַשְּׁפִין); and elsewhere—5. מְכַשֵּׁף. ↗ original
*כְּשָׁף (supposed to mean) wild plum-tree. Shabbath 23ᵃ שרף כ׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh); copyist’s correction in Munich manuscript כטף; edition קטף) resin of the plum-tree is the best for making ink. ↗ original
כָּשְׁפָּאdesign, embroidery, see כּוּשְׁפָּא. ↗ original
כַּשְׁפָּנִית (כָּשַׁף) engaged in, inclined to sorcery. . Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, 25ᵈ top (referring to Exodus 22, 17) (the text speaks only of females) מפני שרוב הנשים כ׳ because most women are inclined to sorcery (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 67ᵃ מצויות בכשפים, see כֶּשֶׁף). Yoma 83ᵇ נשים כ׳ women engaged in sorcery. Pesachim 110ᵃ, see דִּשְׁתַּיְיהִי. ↗ original
כָּשֵׁר 1 [to be well-joined, (compare יָפֶה, אֲרִיךְ 2),] to be proper, fit, right; to turn out well, to succeed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 1, 57ᵇ top החטים שׁכָּשְׁרוּ לשאר וכ׳ wheats which are fit for all other meat offerings; the same place (ibid.) 57ᶜ; Sifra Vayikra, N’dabah, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 14, Parah 13; and frequently—5. כָּשֵׁר 2. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְשִׁיר (ritual, see (ritual, see כָּשֵׁר 2) to pronounce kasher, to permit. Chullin 3, 2 ר׳ … מַכְשִׁיר R. pronounces it fit to be eaten, opposite פוסל; and very frequently to make fit, to prepare. Avoth 6, 1 מַכְשַׁרְתּוֹ להיות וכ׳ enables him to be righteous etc. Chullin 140ᵃ מַכְשִׁיר an offering which makes fit for admission to the Temple or eating sacred food, contradistinguished to מכפר an offering which procures atonement; Kiddushin 57ᵃ, and elsewhere—Sanhedrin 42ᵇ הוצא … מכשיר ומכפר ‘the carrying outside of the camp’ (Leviticus 4, 12; 21) makes the act legal and procures atonement; the same place (ibid.) מכשיר ממכשיר עדיף ליה the analogy between one fitting act and another is preferred.—Bava Kamma 1, 2 הִכְשַׁרְתִּי את נזקו I have prepared (am responsible for) the damage, see חוּב. the same place (ibid.) הכשרתי (ב)מקצת נזקו וכ׳ wherever I am the partial cause of a damage (e.g. by completing a pit to its legally indictable depth), I am as responsible as if I had been the entire author. Bereshith Rabbah section 56 the slaughtering knife is called מַאֲכֶלֶת (causing the eating) לפי שׁמַכְשֶׁרֶת את האוכלים (not שמכשר) because it makes the food fit for eating.—Esp. (with or without לקבל טומאה) to make an object fit for levitical uncleanness (see Leviticus 11, 34; 38). Chullin 35ᵇ וכי הדם מַכְשִׁיר … מַכְשֶׁרֶת is it the blood (as a liquid) which fits the meat for uncleanness?; is it not rather the slaughtering (because it makes it ‘an eatable’)?—the same place (ibid.) 33ᵃ חיבת הקדש מַכְשַׁרְתָּן, see חִבָּה; the same place (ibid.) 36ᵇ מַכְשַׁרְתָּהּ. Makhshirin 6, 6. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 1, 43ᶜ על מי בצים שאינן מַכְשִׁירִין that the liquid of eggs does not fit for uncleanness; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ top שאין כשירין (correct accordingly); and very frequently—5. הֶכְשֵׁר, מַכְשִׁירִין. Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּכְשַׁרto be made fit; to be pronounced fit; to be prepared; to be fitted for levitical uncleanness. Yoma 50ᵃ במה ה׳ אהרן וכ׳ through what act is Aaron (a high priest) made fit to enter etc.?—Shabbath 76ᵃ כל שאינו כשר … וה׳ לזה וכ׳ that which is not fit for preservation but appeared fit to this man, and he did preserve it. Chullin 22ᵇ הוּכְשְׁרוּ are pronounced fit for sacrifices. the same place (ibid.) 2, 5 הוכשרו בדם they became fit for uncleanness through the blood (flowing out at killing); ה׳ בשחיטה they became fit through the act of slaughtering (see above); and very frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵃ מכושר, read: מב׳, see בָּשַׂר.] Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכַּשֵּׁרto adapt one’s self, to work with zeal and conscientiousness. Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 11 מִתְכַּשֵּׁר במלאכתו וכ׳ more skilled and zealous in his work than etc. (compare זָרִיז). Bereshith Rabbah section 9; and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּשַׁר , to be right, pleasing, fit. Targum I Samuel 18, 20. Targum Judges 14, 3. Targum Ezekiel 15, 4; and frequently Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְכַּשַּׁר,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּשַׁר, אִיכְּשַׁרto be (made) fit etc. (see the precedingHof.). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 29, 22. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 11, 2; and frequently—Gittin 87ᵃ לִיתְכַּשַּׁר האי וכ׳ let the one deed be declared valid through the signature ‘Reuben ben’ etc.—Chullin 36ᵇ איתכ׳ במשקי וכ׳ it was made fit for uncleanness through the fluids etc.; the same place (ibid.) אתכ׳ בחבת הקדש, see חִבָּה; and elsewhere Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְשַׁר as the precedingHif'il Targum I Samuel 17, 8. Targum Ruth 2, 13.—Bava Metzia 89ᵇ top לאַכְשׁוּרֵי גברא וכ׳ as to making the man fitter, i.e. as to the laborer in fruits being permitted to use means for increasing his appetite, there is no question, opposite to לאכשורי פירא using means for making the fruits more appetizing.—Zevachim 25ᵃ בשמאל אכשורי מַכְשַׁר he (Rabbenu Shimshon) declares it permissible to use the left hand (for קְמִיצָה). Shabbath 154ᵃ; Yevamoth 45ᵇ אַכְשְׁרֵיה וכ׳ pronounced R. Mari … to be legally a Jew. Chullin 58ᵇ סבר … לאַכְשׁוּרָהּ R. … wanted to pronounce it kasher; and frequently to grow better, improve. the same place (ibid.) 39ᵇ; Yevamoth 39ᵇ, see דָּרָא I. ↗ original
כָּשֵׁר 2the preceding) fit, esp. kasher, ritually permitted, legal, opposite פסול, טרפה. Fem.כְּשֵׁרָה, כְּשֵׁירָה. Chullin 1, 4 כ׳ בשחיטה פסול במליקה what is legal in slaughtering (cutting the throat) is illegal in pinching (the neck). the same place (ibid.) שְׁחִיטָתוֹ כ׳ his act of slaughtering has been properly executed. Kiddushin 4, 6 בתו כ׳ לכהונה his daughter is fit to marry a priest. Gittin 9, 4 הולד כ׳ the issue is legitimate, is under no religious or civil disabilities; and very frequently—plural כְּשֵׁרִים, כְּשֵׁרִין, כְּשֵׁי׳; feminine כְּשֵׁרוֹת, כְּשֵׁי׳. Chullin 3, 2 אלו כ׳ בבהמה the following defects in a domestic animal are kasher, i.e. do not make the animals unfit for eating. the same place (ibid.) 3 אם אדומים כ׳ if they (the entrails) are red (have their natural color) they are (the animal is) kasher; and very frequently worthy, honest, of noble conduct. Berachoth 2, 7 כ׳ היה he was a worthy man. Kiddushin 4, 14 הכ׳ שבטבחים the best of butchers; and frequently—plural as ab. the same place (ibid.) רובן כ׳ are mostly honest men, opposite רשעים. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, end, 41ᵇ כְּשַׁירֵי כל דור ודור the worthiest of every generation; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, beginning 48ᶜ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 6, 25ᵈ top (referring to Mishnah Demai 6, 6 צנועי בית הלל) מהו צנועי כְּשֵׁירֵי in what sense is צנועי here used? In the sense of K’sheré (the worthies of the house of Hillel). Yoma 19ᵇ, see חָשַׁד; and frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ top שאין כשירין, read: מַכְשִׁירִין, see כָּשֵׁר I.] apt, convenient. Mechilta Bo, section 16; Tanchuma Bo 11 חדש שהוא כ׳ וכ׳ a month convenient to you, when it is not too warm etc. ↗ original
כָּשַׁרsame, fit, adapted, proper. Targum Numbers 20, 5 edition Berlin edition כָּ׳ (other edition כְּ׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) כְּשָׁר). Targum Judges 17, 6. Targum Zechariah 3, 5; and frequently (compare זָרִיז, חָרוּץ) well-equipped; quick, zealous, industrious, worthy. Targum Proverbs 6, 11 (Hebrew text איש מגן).—Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 9 וכ׳ בכשרותיה and what has the industrious profited by his industry? (see אוּמָנוּתָא); and frequently [Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵇ, see חָצִיף.]—plural כַּשְׁרִין, כְּשֵׁירִין; feminine כָּשְׁרָן. Targum Leviticus 4, 2. Targum Zechariah 3, 3, and the following; and frequently ↗ original
כַּשְׁרוּת (כָּשֵׁר) fitness, worthiness, legitimacy. Yevamoth 57ᵃ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) diction) כ׳ מיתוספא בה וכ׳ (by her mother being a native Jewess) has her fitness been increased (so that a priest may marry her) … or has her sanctity also been increased (so as to be subject to the restrictions placed upon a native Jewess, according to Deuteronomy 23, 2) and she may not eat T’rumah (when married to an impotent); [other opinion: כ׳ legal status, Jewish citizenship; קדושהfitness to marry a priest, see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)].—Kiddushin 72ᵇ כל ארצות בחזקת כ׳ וכ׳ the Jewish inhabitants of all countries (outside of Babylonia) are presumed to be of legitimate descent, opposite עִיסָה. Bamidbar Rabbah section 20 בתחלה הבריות נוהגות בכ׳ formerly people conducted themselves morally, opposite בעֲרָיוֹת. Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 11 יגע זה … בכַשְׁרוּתוֹ (not בכושרות) this man in his zeal has accomplished more etc., see יָגַע. ↗ original
כֵּשְׁרוּתָא Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 9 בכַשְׁרוּתֵיה (some edition בכְשֵׁירוּתֵיה), see כָּשַׁר↗ original
כָּשַׁרְתָּאa fragrant root (same as קוֹשְׁטְ, the Latin costum, see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 357), putchuck. Berachoth 43ᵃ ↗ original
כְּשַׁשׁ (see כִּשְׁכֵּשׁ) to knock, strike.—Denom. מַכּוֹשָׁה. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכֵּישׁto strike, chase away by knocking. Bereshith Rabbah section 44 נסב … והוה מַכֵּישׁ להון … מִתְכַּשִּׁין Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition מכתשין) Abraham took a knocker and tried to frighten them away by knocking, but they minded it not; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 77 והוה מכיש להון ולא הוו מתכתשין.… Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּשַׁשׁ, אִתְכַּשׁto be frightened off by knocking, see above. ↗ original
כְּשַׁת , (costum), putchuck (see כָּשַׁרְתָּא). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 30, 34 (Hebrew text שחלת). ↗ original
כַּתְּ common gender (כָּתַת) band, party, class. Pesachim 5, 7 כת ראשונה the first division. the same place (ibid.) של כ׳ שלישית those of the third division; and very frequently—Kelim 25, 4 של כת קודמין הוא וכ׳ this belongs to the class of things of which you cannot tell which was first; may be the one-quart measure is the lower side of the half-quart measure (Maimonides; for other explanation, see commentary or commentaries); [edition Dehr. של בת, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) שלחת, variant reading שלבת, Musafia שלכב, Bartenora, Bertinora שלות].—plural כִּתִּים, כִּתִּין, כִּתּוֹת, כִּי׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵈ top ארבע כ׳ נעשו וכ׳ our ancestors at the Red Sea were divided into four parties (opinions); Mechilta Beshallach section 2. Bereshith Rabbah section 8 נעשו מה"ש כ׳ כ׳ the ministering angels formed parties (of divided opinions concerning the creation of man). Shevuoth 47ᵇ; Bava Bathra 31ᵇ שתי כִּיתֵּי עדים two sets of witnesses. Vayikra Rabbah section 9 כ׳ כ׳ של ליסטים bands of (captured) robbers (rebels). Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 11, 7; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 656 שבע כ׳ הן וכ׳ there are seven classes of people who will (after death) be admitted into the presence of the Ever-living. the same place (ibid.) אלו שבע כ׳ של צדיקים these are the seven classes of righteous men. Shabbath 104ᵃ (see א"ל) ט"ר י"ש כ"ת טר יש לי כ׳ כ׳ וכ׳ wait, I have many classes of gentiles etc.; and frequently ↗ original
כִּתָּא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I a. 2 Exodus 14, 13, and the following (see Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵈ top, cited in preced).—[Shabbath 140ᵇ, see כִּיתָּא I.]—plural כִּיתַּן, כִּיתִּין, כִּתּ׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the passage cited Targum Psalms 29, 1 כִּתֵּי construct state; and elsewhere—Bava Kamma 24ᵃ תלתא כִּיתֵּי סהדי three sets of witnesses; and elsewhere ↗ original
כָּתָא (כְּתַת) = Hebrew סָפִיחַ, concretion, glebe, or alluvial mound.—plural כָּתִין, כַּתִּין, with suffix (כַּתָּהָא) כָּתָהָא. Targum Job 14, 19. after-crop.—plural as ab. Targum Isaiah 37, 30; Targum 2 Kings 19, 29. Targum Leviticus 25, 5 (some edition O. singular, see Berlin edition Targum Onkelos 2, p. 38). the same place (ibid.) 11 כָּתָהָא edition Berlin edition (other כַּתָּ׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) כַּאֲוָותָהָא, some edition בַּ׳, perh. to be read: כַּתְוָותָהָא).—[Shabbath 110ᵇ מכבתותא דמישרי, perh. מכַּתְוָותָא of the after-crop of valleys, see בַּתְוָא].—כָּתְכָּתִין, כַּתְכַּתִּיןthird crop. Targum Isaiah the passage cited; Targum 2 Kings the passage cited (Hebrew text שחיס, סחיש). ↗ original
כָּתַב H. Dictionary under the word) [to join sign to sign,] to compose, write; to promise in writing, to will, assign, consign. Gittin 20ᵃ וכ׳ ולא חקק it says (Deuteronomy 24, 1) ‘and he shall write’ but not engrave; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 44ᵇ top, see כְּתִיבָה. Makkoth 3, 6 (referring to Leviticus 19, 28) עד שׁיִכְתּוֹב וכ׳ unless he writes (designs) and etches with ink, stibium or anything that marks; Sifra K’doshim, Parah 3, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 6, see כְּתוֹבֶת.—Megillah 9ᵃ כִּתְבוּ לי תורת וכ׳ write (translate) for me the Law etc. the same place (ibid.) 7ᵃ כִּתְבוּנִי בספר Munich manuscript (edition לדורות) write me down (record my deeds) in a book (Book of Esther). Shemoth Rabbah section 47, beginning כְּתוֹב אתה write thou thyself. Shabbath 12, 3 הכּוֹתֵב וכ׳ he who writes two letters (on the Sabbath). the same place (ibid.) 5 נתכוין לִכְתּוֹב ח"ית if he intended to write a Ḥeth.—Kethuboth 9, 1 הכּוֹתֵב לאשתו וכ׳ he who declares to his wife etc.; the same place (ibid.) 83ᵃ תני ר׳ חייא האומר R. Ḥ. interpreted it, ‘he who says’ (verbally). the same place (ibid.) 102ᵇ מאי כּוֹתְבִין אומרים ‘they write’ (in the Mishnah) means merely they declare. the same place (ibid.) 5, 1 והיא כוֹתֶבֶת וכ׳ and she may write (a receipt), I have received etc.—Pesachim 50ᵇ כּוֹתְבֵי ספרים וכ׳ copyists of sacred books, or T’fillin etc. Bava Bathra 14ᵇ משה כ׳ ספרו וכ׳ Moses is the author of his book, the chapter of Balaam, and the Book of Job; and very frequently—participle passive כָּתוּב, feminine כְּתוּבָה; plural כְּתוּבִים, כְּתוּבִין; כְּתוּבוֹת. Megillah 31ᵃ דבר זה כ׳ בתורה וכ׳ this is written in the Law, and repeated in the Prophets etc. the same place (ibid.) 7ᵃ כבר כ׳ אני וכ׳ I am already recorded in the chronicles of etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 49ᵈ bottom of the page כיצד היו הלוחות כ׳ how was the writing on the tablets arranged?—Gittin 54ᵇ כל ס"ת … כ׳ לשמן any scroll of the Law in which the Divine names are not written with full consciousness, see שֵׁם; and frequently—5. כָּתוּב. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְתָּבto be written, be reduced to writing; to be written upon. Megillah 1, 8 הספרים נִכְתָּבִים בכל לשון the Biblical books may be written in (translated into) any language (see the same place (ibid.) 9ᵃ); the same place (ibid.) לא התירו שׁיִכָּתְבוּ וכ׳ they permitted them to be translated only into Greek. the same place (ibid.) 7ᵃ נאמרה לִיכָּתֵב was indited (by the divine spirit) for the purpose of being written (as a book); Yoma 29ᵃ נתנה ליכתב (some edition לִכְתּוֹב); and very frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְתִּיבto cause to be written or recorded, to dictate, indite. Bereshith Rabbah section 22 כבר הִכְתַּבְתִּי לך וכ׳ I have already ordered to be written in the Law etc. Ruth Rabbah to 2, 14 אילו היה ראובן יודע שהק"בה מַכְתִּיב עליו וכ׳ if R. had known that the Lord would cause to be written about him (Genesis 37, 21) etc.; and frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 24 ג׳ פרשיות ה׳ לנו וכ׳ (Pesikta Rabbati section 15; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 307 כתכ) there are three sections that Moses indited for us in the Law. to consign, enlist in the army, levy. Shemoth Rabbah section 15 (מלך) ב"וד מַכְתִּיב לו וכ׳ a human king levies soldiers for himself, strong etc.; Tanchuma Ḥayé 3 מסביב (correct accordingly). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 8, and elsewhere מַכְתֶּבֶת, see טִירוֹנְיָא.—participle passive מוּכְתָּבrecorded; levied. Kiddushin 4, 5, see אִסְטְרַטְיָא 2.—Tosefta Bava Bathra 4, 7; Bava Bathra 92ᵇ; Kethuboth 58ᵃ מ׳ למלכות levied for royal service (commentary or commentaries: sentenced to death); Kiddushin 11ᵃ נִכְתָּב.—Bereshith Rabbah section 89 (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 147 כתיב), see סַקְרָרִין. ↗ original
כְּתַב 1 Targum Deuteronomy 6, 9 (see Berlin edition Targum Onkelos 2, p. 51). the same place (ibid.) 31, 24. Targum Joshua 18, 4; and very frequently—participle passive (כְּתוּב) כְּתִיב. Targum Exodus 31, 18. Targum Onkelos Numbers 11, 26 (Yerushalmi (prefix) כתוביא); and frequently—Bava Kamma 88ᵃ bottom of the page כְּתַבְתִּינְהוּ לניכסי וכ׳ she willed her property to etc. Gittin 20ᵃ איהי קא כָתְבָה ליה she (the wife) had it written (at her expense). Bava Bathra 168ᵇ ולִיכְתּוֹב לן מר וכ׳ write for us another document (copy) in addition to this; and very frequently—Shabbath 115ᵇ היכא דכְתִיבֵי תרגום וכ׳ when the books are written in Chaldaic or any other tongue (than Hebrew); and frequently—Esp. (in arguments on Biblical texts) כ׳ or כ׳ רחמנא the Lord has written, the text reads. Pesachim 21ᵇ טעמא דכ׳רחמנא וכ׳ this is so because the text reads לא יֵאָכֵל (passive voice), but if it did not read so etc. the same place (ibid.) לִכְתּוֹב רחמנא וכ׳ it ought to read etc. Berachoth 3ᵇ א"ה לכתוב מהנשף וכ׳ if this were so (that נשף invariably means evening), it ought to read (I Samuel 30, 17) מהנשף ועד הנשף; and very frequently—כְּתִיב it is written, it reads (used also in Hebr. diction). the same place (ibid.) 13ᵇ דִּכְ׳ לדבר בם for it says (Deuteronomy 11, 19) ‘to speak thereof’; ה"נ הא כ׳ ודברת בם here, too, (in the first part of the Sh’ma) it says (6, 7), ‘and thou shalt speak thereof’!—Megillah 10ᵇ כ׳ הכא ויהי … וכ׳ התם ויהי here (Leviticus 9, 1) vayhi is used, and there (Genesis 1, 5) vayhi is used. the same place (ibid.) והָכְ׳, והא כ׳ but does it not also read etc.?—Bereshith Rabbah section 1 ומאי כ׳ אחריו and what do we read after this?—הדא הוא דכ׳, see דָּא I.—Sanhedrin 71ᵃ, and elsewhere בעינן קרא כְּדִכְ׳ we must construe the Biblical text as it is written (literally, e.g. Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 8, 4 as an interpretation of Deuteronomy 21, 19); and very frequently—Bava Kamma 66ᵃ שינוי קונה כְּתִיבָה ותנינא כ׳ that a change of form of a stolen object gives possession (compelling the thief to restore in value) is written (intimated in the Biblical text) and has been taught in the Mishnah.—5. כְּתִיב. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְכְּתִיב, אִיכְּתִיבto be written, recorded etc. Targum Esther 1, 19. Targum Psalms 40, 8. the same place (ibid.) 87, 6 דמִכָּתְבִין manuscript (edition דמְכַתְּבִיןPa.); and frequently—Megillah 7ᵃ דאיבעי איכתיב וכ׳ (Munich manuscript מאי דבעי כתיב, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note; Rashi: דאי בעי כתב) that which was liked was written down etc.; and frequently ↗ original
כְּתָבthe preceding) writing, writ; character. Avoth 5, 6; Pesachim 54ᵃ; Sifré Deuteronomy 355 (of things created in the last hour of the sixth day) הכתב והמִכְתָּב the art of writing and the writing on the tablets (Exodus 32, 16; Rashi to Pesachim the passage cited והמְכַתֵּב and the pencil); Mechilta Beshallach, Vayassa, section 5 only כתב. Avodah Zarah 10ᵃ אין להם לא כ׳ ולא לשון they (the Romans) have neither (original) types nor language; Gittin 80ᵃ (of פרסיים!). Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᵇ bottom of the page, see אַשּׁוּרִי. Sanhedrin 21ᵇ; Megillah 8ᵇ כ׳ עברי(ת), see לִיבּוֹנָאָה. [the same place (ibid.) עד שיכתבנו בכתב אשורית, strike out בכתב, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage), a. Megillah 9ᵃ.]—תורה שֶׁבִּכְּ׳ written Law, opposite שבעל פה. Yoma 28ᵇ; and frequently—Megillah 18ᵇ שלא מן הכ׳ without a written copy, from memory.—Pesachim 21ᵇ, and elsewhere דברים כִּכְתָבָן וכ׳ וכ׳ construe the Biblical words as they are written (Deuteronomy 14, 21) , to the resident stranger give it as a present, to the foreigner sell it.—כְּתַב יד signature. Kethuboth 2, 3 and the following; and frequently—Tosefta Bava Kamma 7, 4 כ׳ היכר יד שלו.—Bereshith Rabbah section 48 בכל מקום … הכ׳ רבה על הנקודה אתה דורש את הכ׳ וכ׳ wherever you find in the Biblical text the plain writing, i.e. the number of undotted letters in a word, prevailing over the number of the dotted, you must interpret the undotted (ignoring the dotted); where the dotted prevail, you must interpret the dotted, e.g. אׄליׄוׄ (Genesis 18, 9) read אַיּוֹ, where is he (Abraham)?; the same place (ibid.) section 78; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 5.—Tosefta Megillah 4 (3), 41 (referring to 2 Kings 10, 27 מחראות) קורין אותו ככְתָבוֹ we read it as it is written (not as emended in the K’ri); and frequently—plural כְּתָבִים, כְּתָבִין. Tanchuma Masé 1; Bamidbar Rabbah section 23, beginning כ׳ רעים מן המלכות government papers containing orders of hard measures against the Jews. Esther Rabbah introduction כְּתָבָיו של מלך royal decrees. Shemoth Rabbah section 20 עד שילמוד בני כ׳ (some edition כתובין) until my son shall have studied documents; and elsewhere ↗ original
כְּתַב 2 Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 19, 28 (Hebrew text כְּתֹבֶת).—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 48, 9 (marriage contract, see כְּתוּבָּה). Targum Exodus 32, 16 (Hebrew text מכתב); and frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 28, end מה דאמר כְּתַבְכוֹן what your sacred writ says.—plural (כָּתְבִין) כְּתָבִין, כִּתְבִין, כִּתְבֵי. Targum 2 Esther 4, 12. the same place (ibid.) 7, 10; and elsewhere—Bereshith Rabbah section 10; Vayikra Rabbah section 22 כ׳ בישין וכ׳ evil decrees against the Jews of Caesarea (see the preceding); Tanchuma Chukkath 1. ↗ original
כָּתְבָן , writer, copyist (of Biblical books). Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 18 R. Meïr was כ׳ טב מובחר an exceedingly skillful copyist, see לַבְלָר. ↗ original
כָּתוּב (כָּתַב) Biblical verse, passage; הַכָּ׳the Bible text. Chagigah 18ᵃ, and frequently במה הכ׳ מדבר of what does the text speak? the same place (ibid.) הא לא מסרן הכ׳ אלא וכ׳ this proves that the Law intended to leave it to the discretion of the scholars to decide etc.—Pesachim 3ᵃ עקם הכ׳ שמנה וכ׳ the text made a circumlocution of eight letters (more than would have been required). Sifra introduction, beginning בנין אב מכ׳ אחד a standard rule derived from one verse. the same place (ibid.) end כ׳ אחד אומר וכ׳ one verse reads …, and another reads etc.; and frequently—plural כְּתוּבִים, כְּתוּבִין. Sifra the passage cited Sanhedrin 45ᵇ; Meïl. 11ᵇ, see לָמַד; and frequently—[Shemoth Rabbah section 20, see כְּתָב.]—Esp. K’thubim, Hagiographa, the third part of the Bible. Kethuboth 50ᵃ תורה נביאים וכ׳ (abbreviated or abbreviation תנ"ך) Pentateuch, Prophets and Hagiographa. Bava Bathra 14ᵇ סידרן של כ׳ וכ׳ the order of the books of the Hagiographa is: Ruth etc. Megillah 31ᵃ ומשולש בכ׳ and for the third time intimated in the Haggai, Book of; and frequently ↗ original
כְּתוּבָא —plural כְּתוּבַיָּא, כְּתוּבֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 1, end, 37ᵃ כקדושת כ׳ as sacred as the Biblical writings.—Esp. כְּתוּבֵיthe Hagiographa.—Taanith 9ᵃ מי איכא מידי דכתיבא בכ׳ וכ׳ is there anything written in the Hagiographa that is not intimated in the Law? Bava Bathra 8ᵃ עברת אדאורייתא ואדכ׳ … thou didst act against what is written in the Law, the Prophets and the Hagiographa. Kethuboth 106ᵇ דאקרייך כ׳ לא וכ׳ he who taught thee the Hagiographa has not taught thee the Prophets; and elsewhere ↗ original
כָּתוֹבָא = כָּתְבָן, writer, notary. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 9, 50ᶜ bottom of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, beginning 19ᵈ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 3, beginning 47ᵃ ר׳ חנינא כ׳ R. Ḥ., the notary. ↗ original
כְּתוּבָּה (the preceding words) writ, deed, especially marriage contract, containing, among other things, the settlement of a certain amount due do the wife on her husband’s death or on being divorced; K’thubah, the wife’s settlement, widowhood. [For the formula of the marriage contract, see Kethuboth 4, 7—12.] Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 15, 14ᵈ ב"ש עבדי כ׳ מדרש the Shammaites made the wording of the marriage contract the text for legal interpretation; מספר כְּתוּבָּתָהּ נלמוד וכ׳ from her marriage contract we learn (that she must receive her widowhood), for he writes to her etc. the same place (ibid.) ר׳ מאיר עבד כ׳ וכ׳ R. M. made the formula of the deed of sale the text etc. (see Bava Metzia 9, 3).—Kethuboth 1, 2 בתולה כְּתוּבָּתָהּ מאתים the widowhood of one marrying as a virgin is two hundred Zuz. Shabbath 14ᵇ; 16ᵇ שמעין … תיקן כ׳ לאשה Simon b. Shetaḥ introduced the written marriage contract (with the promise of a widowhood, in place of a deposit of the widowhood in securities); Kethuboth 82ᵇ תיקן כל נכסיו אחראין לכתובתה ordained that the contract must contain a clause making all his landed estate a mortgage for her widowhood; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, 32ᵇ, and the following Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 10ᵃ כְּתוּבַּת אשה מן התורה the widowhood endowment is intimated in the Torah. the same place (ibid.) כתובת אלמנה אינה וכ׳ the endowment of one that married as a widow is not Biblical. the same place (ibid.) 56ᵃ כ׳ דרבנן the widowhood is a Rabbinical institution. the same place (ibid.) 4, 2 כְּתוּבָּתָהּ שלו her widowhood belongs to him (her father). the same place (ibid.) 9, 8 הפוגמת כתובתה, see פָּגַם. the same place (ibid.) 9 … הוציאה גט גובה כתובתה if she produces evidence of divorce but has no contract to show, she is entitled to her settlement; and very frequently—plural כְּתוּבּוֹת. the same place (ibid.) שני … כ׳ גובה שתי כ׳ if she produces two letters of divorce (evidence of having been divorced and remarried to her former husband and again divorced) and two contracts, she is entitled to two widowhoods; and frequently—כְּתוּבּוֹת K’thuboth, name of a treatise of Mishnah, Tosefta, Talmud Babli and Y’rushalmi, of the Order of Nashim. ↗ original
כְּתוֹבֶת ; the preceding words) writing, inscription; כ׳ קעקעetched-in inscription on the skin (Leviticus 19, 28). Makkoth 3, 6. Vayikra Rabbah section 19 שנמצאת כ׳ ק׳ חקוקה וכ׳ an etched-in writing was found on his (Jojakim’s) body. Gittin 20ᵇ בכ׳ ק׳ in the case of the slave’s emancipation being etched in on his hand (so as to be indelible). ↗ original
כְּתוּבְתָּא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 34, 12 (Hebrew text מַתָּן).—Kethuboth 4, 7 (in a Chaldaic (Aramaic) formula of the marriage contract) אחראין לכְתוּבְתִּיךְ security for thy widowhood. the same place (ibid.) 10 אינון ירתון כסף כתובתיך they shall inherit the amount of widowhood stated in thy K’thubah. the same place (ibid.) 87ᵃ ושקילנא מכְּתוּבְתָּאִי and I may take it in advance as partial payment of my widowhood; and elsewhere—plural כְּתוּבָתָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 31, 15 לחוד כְּתוּבָתָן except our settlements (deposited with our father).—Kiddushin 70ᵇ אקרען כמה כ׳ וכ׳ many marriage contracts were torn (marriages cancelled) in Nehardea. ↗ original
כְּתוֹנֶת see כִּיתַּן, [linen,] shirt, undergarment, especially the priest’s undercoat. Yoma 7, 5. the same place (ibid.) 35ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 21. Zevachim 88ᵇ. Bereshith Rabbah section 84, see פַּרְגּוֹד; and elsewhere—plural כָּתְנוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 20, see אוֹר 2, 3, [Post-biblical חָלוּק.] ↗ original
כְּתִיב (כְּתַב 1) written; it is written, see כְּתַב I.—[Targum 2 Esther 7, 10 כְּתִיבֵי some edition, read כִּתְבֵי, see כְּתַב 2]. (Massorah) כְּתִיבK’thib, the traditional spelling of Biblical words, opposite to קרי, K’ri, the Massoretic instruction for reading, e.g. Genesis 8, 17: K’thib (הוֹצֵא) הוצא, K’ri הַיְצֵא; see Treatise Sof’rim 6, 5; 7, 4. Avodah Zarah 24ᵇ (referring to I Samuel 7, 9) ויעלה כ׳ the K’thib allows the reading וַיַּעֲלֶהָ (with feminine suffix). Sanhedrin 20ᵃ, see כָּרָה; and very frequently—plural כְּתִיבָן. Nedarim 37ᵇ קריין ולא כ׳ וכ׳ ולא קריין וכ׳ the rules about reading words not written (omitted in the text) and such as are written but not read (marked as superfluous) are a Mosaic (ancient, traditional) halakhah (see הֲלָכָה). the same place (ibid.) הלין קדיין ולא כְתִבָן those (quoted) are those read but not written; וכְתִבָן ולא קריין וכ׳ and those written but not read are etc.; see Treatise Sof’rim 6, 8—9. ↗ original
כְּתִיבָה (כָּתַב) writing. Shabbath 104ᵇ כ׳ היא אלא וכ׳ it is a writing, and what is needed to make it one word is bringing the two ends of the papers close together. Menachoth 34ᵃ כ׳ הנוהגת לדורות a mode of writing used at all times (not stone inscriptions). Shabbath 103ᵃ אין דרך כ׳ בכך this (using the left hand) is not the way of writing. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ (referring to וכׄתׄבׄתׄםׄ, Deuteronomy 6, 9) שתהא כׄתׄיבׄה תׄמׄה that the writing must be perfect. the same place (ibid.) 105ᵃ (explained אׄנׄכׄיׄ, Exodus 20, 2, see אָנֹכִי) אׄמירה נׄעימה כׄ' יׄהיבה a sweet proclamation, a writing, a gift; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 81. Gittin 17ᵇ משעת כ׳ ועד וכ׳ from the time the letter of divorce was written to the time of its delivery. the same place (ibid.) 45ᵇ (referring to Deuteronomy 6, 8—9) כל שישנו בקשירה ישנו בכ׳ only he who is under the obligation of binding (the T’fillin on his arm), is fit for writing (the scrolls of the Law etc.). Kethuboth 102ᵇ וקרי ליה לאמירה כ׳ and is ‘saying’ (verbal declaration) called ‘writing’ (consignment)?; and frequently the word כתב in Biblical texts. Berachoth 16ᵃ בין כ׳ לכ׳ וכ׳ if a person in reading the Sh’ma is in doubt as to whether he is at וכתבתם (of Deuteronomy 6, 9) or at וכתבתם (of the same place (ibid.) 11, 20), he must go back to the first וכתבתם; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 5ᵃ כתיבת (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כְּתִישָׁא (כְּתַשׁ) a scab on a camel’s back. Bava Metzia 38ᵇ דבש לכ׳ דגמלא spoiled honey is fit for a liniment for a camel’s sore back, see כְּתִיתָא. ↗ original
כְּתִישָׁה (כָּתַשׁ) crushing, pounding. Shabbath 74ᵃ עני … בלא כ׳ a poor man eats his bread without pounding the grain before grinding (to remove the husks), see כָּתַשׁ. Betzah 7ᵇ והא קא עביד כ׳ but (by crushing the clods of earth) does he not do the (forbidden) act of pounding? Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 3 מה השמן … אלא ע"י כ׳ וכ׳ as the oil cannot be improved except by pounding (the olives), so can Israel only by suffering; Menachoth 53ᵇ מה זית … ע"י כ׳ Munich manuscript (edition כתית, correct accordingly) as the olive gives forth its oil only through pounding etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 289. ↗ original
כָּתִיתoil gained from pounded olives. Menachoth 8, 5. the same place (ibid.) 86ᵇ אין כ׳ אלא כָּתוּשׁ the Biblical kathith means pounded. [the same place (ibid.) 53ᵇ, see the preceding]. plural כְּתִיתִין (supply (understood word) פַּת, see the preceding) bread or pastry made of pounded wheat, delicacies. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 15, 1; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 664 שמוכרין מיני כ׳ וכל דבר [טוב] who had for sale various fine pastries and all sorts of [good]things. (compare Biblical Hebrew ספחת) scab on an animal’s back from friction. Shabbath 8, 1 (76ᵇ) דבש כדי ליתן על פי כ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) honey, as much as required for putting on a scab (see כְּתִישָׁא); the same place (ibid.) 77ᵇ, see מוֹרְשָׁא a. הוֹדְרנָא. the same place (ibid.) ברא שבלול לכ׳ He created the snail as a remedy for a scab; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᶜ bottom of the page שבלון לכ׳ edition Lehm. (edition לחזיות, see חְזָזִית). (also כָּתוּת) compress of rags (compare שְׁחָקִים, בְּלָיוֹת); pad. [Tosefta Mikvaoth 6, 10 כתות של גדיל, see כָּשׁוּת.]—plural כְּתִיתִים, כְּתִיתִין, כְּתוּ׳. Tosefta Shabbath 12 (13), 14; Shabbath 134ᵇ כ׳ יבשין dry compresses. the same place (ibid.) 53ᵃ כ׳ ע"ג השבר Munich manuscript (edition קשישין, Oxford manuscript כַּבְשִׁישִׁין) pads upon a fractured limb. the same place (ibid.) 6, 8 (66ᵃ); Yoma 78ᵇ אם יש לו בית קבול כתי׳ Munich manuscript (edition כתו׳) if the wooden leg has a cavity for the reception of pads, see next word↗ original
כְּתִיתָאscab. Shabbath 154ᵇ לכ׳ דגמלי (Rashi: לכתוּתי דגמלא); Bava Metzia 38ᵇ (quoted in Rashi to Shabbath 76ᵇ a. see הכתית) כתותא, see כְּתִישָׁא. pad.—plural כְּתִיתִין, כְּתִיתֵי. Shabbath 134ᵇ, see נִקְרָא 2. Yoma 78ᵇ דאית ביה כ׳ when the wooden leg has pads. the same place (ibid.) כ׳ משוי ליה מנא (omitted in Munich manuscript, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) notes 20, 30, 50) do the pads make it a garment? Yevamoth 102ᵇ דאית ביה כ׳ when the felt-shoe has pads inside. ↗ original
כָּתַם (Biblical Hebrew) to be compressed, dark, hidden (compare אטם, טמא, טמן). Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְתָּםto be stained, marked. Rosh Hashanah 18ᵃ; Yevamoth 105ᵃ (referring to Jeremiah 2, 22) taken as equivalent with נחתם.—participle Pu. מְכוּתָּםstained. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 16 (play on מכתם) David said to the Lord מכ׳ אני edition Buber edition (other edition מכתם, correct accordingly) I am stained (with sin). ↗ original
כֶּתֶםthe preceding) dark-red stain, especially stain on a woman’s clothes or body, as an indication of uncleanness (see נִדָּה). Niddah 4ᵇ כִּתְמָהּ טמא למפרע a stain found on her makes her unclean retrospectively (up to the time when she last washed herself). the same place (ibid.) 5ᵃ יש לה כ׳ is subject to the law concerning kethem. the same place (ibid.) 8, 1. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 49ᶜ אין לה כ׳ is not subject to the law etc., see above; and frequently—plural כְּתָמִים, כְּתָמִין. the same place (ibid.) 7, 3, and the following Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 12; and frequently gold. Shemoth Rabbah section 8; Tanchuma Vaëra 8, see פָּז. Rosh Hashanah 4ᵃ (referring to Psalms 45, 10) זכיתם לכ׳ אופיר you are rewarded with gold of Ophir. ↗ original
כִּתְמָא , blood-stain. Targum Jeremiah 2, 22.—plural כִּתְמִין, כִּתְמֵי, כִּי׳. Niddah 5ᵃ. [Sanhedrin 95ᵃ חזינהו כתמי דמא, a corruption, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) Munich manuscript a. note, a. Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 155.] ↗ original
כָּתַף (compare כָּתַת) to join; denominative כָּתֵף.—[Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 2, 3 כתופין, edition Buber edition כתיפין, read: כפותין, see כָּפַת.] Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיתֵּף (denominative of כָּתֵף) to carry; to shoulder. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 8, 38ᵇ מְכַתְּפֵי פירות carriers of fruits (in the Sabbatical year). Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 2, beginning 49ᵈ היתה מְכַתֶּפֶת יינות וכ׳ carried vessels with wine for libations; (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 6ᵇ גפה, see גָּפַף).—Bava Kamma 31ᵃ עמד לכַתֵּף he halted for the sake of shifting the burden on his shoulder; Kethuboth 31ᵃ, and the following; Shabbath 5ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 8ᵃ; Eruvin 33ᵃ רבים מְכַתְּפִין עליו people rest and rearrange their burdens on it. [Betzah 25ᵇ ובלבר שלא יְכַתֵּף provided one allows not the chair to be carried on shoulders, see אֲלַנְקִי; perhaps to be read: יִכָּתֵףNif'al] ↗ original
כְּתַף , Pa. כַּתֵּף same. Shabbath 8ᵃ ולא כַתּוּפֵי מְכַתְּפֵי עלויה Munich manuscript nor do they not use it for rearranging burdens; ודאי מְכַתְּפִין עילויה people surely use it etc. the same place (ibid.) 119ᵃ מְכַתַּף ועייל וכ׳ carried things in and out. the same place (ibid.) מי לא מְכַתִּיפְנָא קמייהו should I not carry things in and out for their reception?—Esp. to carry a person (in a chair) on shoulders, see אֲלַנְקִי. Yoma 87ᵃ; Sanhedrin 7ᵇ. Betzah 25ᵇ הוו מְכַתְּפֵי להו (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8) they carried them; (edition מִכַּתְּפוּ להוIthpaal allowed themselves to be carried). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיכַּתֵּףto be carried on shoulders, see above. ↗ original
כַּתָּף (the preceding) carrier, porter. Tosefta Berachoth 2, 7. Kelim 26, 5 עור הכ׳ the hide which the porter uses to protect his clothes. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 2, beginning 62ᵃ ע"ר הכ׳ on the testimony of the carrier (that delivered the goods); and elsewhere—plural כַּתָּפִים, כַּתָּפִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 82ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 6ᵃ top נמסר לכ׳ when the corpse has been given over to the pall-bearers. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 8, 38ᵇ [read:] החמרין הכ׳ וכל העושין בשביעית שכרן וכ׳ the drivers and porters and all employees in the Sabbatical year take their wages in fruits of that year (see Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6, 26); and elsewhere—שבח המגיע לכ׳ an improvement touching the carriers, i.e. an increase of the value of the crop, opposite to an increase of the value of the land. Bava Kamma 95ᵇ; Bava Metzia 15ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original
כַּתַּף —plural כַּתָּפִין, כַּתָּפַיָּא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 7, 38ᵃ top סמכון כ׳ גבי וכ׳ paid the porters with orders drawn on the retailers (sellers of provision etc.). ↗ original
כָּתֵף see כָּתַף) joint, shoulder. Shevi'ith 3, 9 אבני כ׳ באין וכ׳ heavy stones may be taken in the Sabbatical year from any place (their size showing their designation for building purposes); כל שהן נטלות … על הכ׳ those which are carried, two or three at a time, on the shoulder. Bava Metzia 68ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 6 מקום שנהגו להעלות שכר כ׳ למעות where it is customary to add a remuneration for carriage to the money (to be paid to the partner on settling). Bereshith Rabbah section 56 (referring to Genesis 22, 6) כזה שהוא טוען … על כְּתֵפוֹ like him (the culprit) who carries his cross on his shoulders; and frequently grapes on an arm of a vine which branches off into twigs, contradistinguished to נטף grapes hanging down from the trunk. Peah 7, 4 what is gleaning (belonging to the poor, Leviticus 19, 10)? כל שאין לה כ׳ וכ׳ the grapes remaining on a stalk which has no arm (its grapes having been collected) etc.; explained Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 11; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7, 20ᵃ bottom of the page, see פְּסִיגָה.—plural כְּתֵפִים, כְּתֵיפִים, construct state כִּתְפוֹת. Pesikta Rabbati section 20 נאה להרכיבה על כ׳ it is proper to carry her on (human) shoulders; and elsewhere—[Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 161; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 17ᵇ bottom of the page, see כְּפָתָה.—Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 2, 4, see כָּפִיס.] ↗ original
כְּתַף ² Targum Zephaniah, Book of 3, 9. Targum Job 31, 22 כִּתְפִי; and frequently—Kiddushin 81ᵃ מותיב … על כִּתְפֵיה placed a halter over his shoulder. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᵃ bottom of the page מסתמיך אַכִּתְפֵיה וכ׳ leaning on the shoulder of etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᵃ כְּתַפְתֵּיה.—plural כַּתְפִין, כִּתְפֵי. Targum Exodus 28, 12; and frequently—Bava Metzia 107ᵇ כמלא כ׳ נגדי וכ׳ as much space along the riverside as is occupied by those dragging the tow.—[Vayikra Rabbah section 21; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 126 חזק כתפוי, see כֵּיפְתָא.] ↗ original
כַּתְּפִי (sub לשון) Coptic language (?). Sanhedrin 4ᵇ; Zevachim 37ᵇ; Menachoth 34ᵇ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word טט, some edition גדפי, compare גִּיפְטִי). ↗ original
כָּתַר (Biblical Hebrew) to knot, tie, join closely.—Denom. כֶּתֶר, כּוֹתֶרֶת. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִכְתִּיר (denominative of כֶּתֶר) to tie a wreath, to offer a crown. Vayikra Rabbah section 24 העליונים מַכְתִּירִין להקב"ה וכ׳ the angels wreathe three ‘holies’ to the Lord (Isaiah 6, 3); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 603 העליונים מַכְתִּירִים לפני וכ׳; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 272 מה"ש מכתירין ג׳ קדושות.—Eruvin 53ᵇ (in enigmatic speech) נתייעץ במַכְתַּיר he took counsel with the crown-maker (him who ordains the scholars, the Nasi).—[Tanchuma Ki Thissa 6 שהכתיר, read: שהבחיר, as Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shekalim, p. 15ᵇ.]—participle pass. מוּכְתָּרadorned, distinguished. Megillah 12ᵇ (in being called Jehudi, Esther 2, 5) מרדכי מ׳ בנימוסו היה (כעדי) (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 300) Mordecai was intended to be described as adorned with his faith (as with an ornament), i.e. Jehudi is meant not as a gentile noun but as an epithet of religious devotion (than whom no better Jew was found). ↗ original
כְּתַרPa. כַּתֵּר (the preceding) [to turn around, compare יָחַל,] to wait upon, hope for. Targum Job 36, 2 Bxt. (edition אמתין). Targum Isaiah 42, 4 (Hebrew text יחל). the same place (ibid.) 51, 5 יִכְתְּרוּן edition Vilna edition (other edition יַכְתִּי׳, Af.). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַכְתִּירsame, see above.—participle passive מַכְתַּרmade to wait, dependent upon. Targum Micah 5, 6 (Hebrew text יְיַחֵל). ↗ original
כֶּתֶרthe preceding) garland, crown. Chullin 60ᵇ the Moon said אפשר … בכ׳ אחד is it possible for two kings to use the same crown (to occupy an equal rank)? Shemoth Rabbah section 1 כִּתְרוֹ של פרעה Pharaoh’s crown. Shabbath 104ᵃ (play on letters כׄ לׄ) וקושר לך כׄ' לׄעוה"ב and he will wreathe a crown for thee in the world to come; and frequently—plural כְּתָרִים. Avoth 4, 13 שלשה כ׳ הן … על גביהין there are three crowns, the crown of the Law (learning) …, but the crown of a good name rises above all of them. Shabbath 88ᵃ; and frequently—the same place (ibid.) 89ᵃ; Menachoth 29ᵇ קושר כ׳ לאותיות providing certain letters with crownlets (see זִיּוּן). ↗ original
כָּתַשׁ see כָּתַת) to crush (olives), to pound, beat Shevi'ith 4, 9 כּוֹתֵש וסך וכ׳ he may crush olives and use the oil for ointment in the field. Shabbath 74ᵃ וליחשוב נמי כותש let the Mishnah (Shabbath 7, 2) count (among the forbidden labors) also pounding (grain), see כְּתִישָׁה. Menachoth 8, 4 (86ᵃ), Tanchuma Chukkath 8; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Parah, p. 40ᵃ וכוֹתְשִׁין אותה and pound it (the burnt body). Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 2 ולמה כותשין על הלב why do mourners beat their hearts?; and elsewhere—participle passive כָּתוּשׁ, feminine כְּתוּשָׁהcrushed. Menachoth 86ᵇ, see כָּתִית.—Transferred defloured. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 59ᵃ top, see חָרַף.—2) to press, to be closely joined, grouped; שער כּוֹתֵשׁa thick hair crown, i.e. ramifications forming a sort of arbor. Peah 2, 3 אם היה ש׳ כ׳ if the ramifications are intertwined; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 17ᵃ top [read:] מה כ׳ כעלי במכתש וכ׳ (see Rabbenu Shimshon to Kilayim 5, 3) what does this כותש mean? Does it mean, like the pestle in the mortar (i.e. the partition is formed by a depression in the ground between the two fields, out of which the fence rises), or does it mean, pressing upon (overgrowing) the fence? Answ. מן מה דתנינן סער כותש ואין הגדר כותש וכ׳ reading as we do ‘the hair (ramification) presses’, and not ‘the fence presses’, it is evident that it means ‘overgrowing the fence.’ Nif'al נִפְעַל נִכְתַּשׁto be crushed, pounded. Tanchuma Ki Thabo 3 מה השמן הזה נ׳ וכ׳ as oil is pounded, and the more it is pounded, the better it becomes, see כְּתִישָׁה. Terumoth 1, 8 זתים הנִכְתָּשִׁין crushed olives. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 14 עתידין לִיכָּתֵשׁ designated for pounding; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיתֵּשׁto crush to powder.—participle passive מְכוּתָּשׁ, feminine מְכוּתֶּשֶׁת. Tosefta Oholoth 2, 5 some edition (other מְכוּתֶּתֶת, edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) מכתתת; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 8, 56ᶜ מְכוּתָּתִין). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְכַּתֵּשׁ [to come in contact with,] to wrestle, fight (compare גָּשַׁש). Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 4, 18ᵇ top שנים שהיו מִתְכַּתְּשִׁין וכ׳ if two persons were fighting about a (forgotten) sheaf; Tosefta Peah 2, 2 מִכַּתְּשִׁין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading מתכשין, correct accordingly). Sifré Deuteronomy 37 ד׳ מלכיות מִתְכַּתְּשׁוֹת וכ׳ (edition Friedman מתכחשות) four governments disputed about it (each naming it differently); Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 743 מתרחשות (correct accordingly); Psikta Zutrathi, ed. Buber Deuteronomy edition Buber edition p. 9 מלכים מִתְכַּתְּשִׁין …; the same place (ibid.) p. 30 מתכבש׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original
כְּתַשׁto crush. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 30, 36.—participle passive כָּתִישׁ, feminine כָּתִישָׁא; plural כָּתִישִׁין; כָּתִישַׁן. Targum Exodus 27, 20. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 22, 24 (Hebrew text כָּתוּת). (= Hebrew נגע) to touch, strike, afflict. participle passive as ab. Targum Psalms 73, 14 (edition Vilna edition כַּתִּישׁ). Targum Isaiah 28, 1 (Hebrew text הלומי). the same place (ibid.) 54, 4; and elsewhere—Demai מַכְתַּשׁ. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְכַּתַּשׁ, אִכַּתַּשׁto wrestle, fight. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 32, 25, and the following—Bereshith Rabbah section 48, beginning הות מִכַּתְּשָׁא וכ׳ was quarrelling with her maid. Vayikra Rabbah section 9 ולא חמית … מִתְכַּתְּשִׁין וכ׳ and I never saw two quarrel with one another without making peace between them. Vayikra Rabbah section 22 פשושין מכתשין Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) (edition ציפרין מתנציין). mostly Ithpeel אִתְכְּתַשׁ to be smitten, afflicted (with leprosy). Targum Psalms 73, 5. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 2, 23 (compare Shemoth Rabbah section 1). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 16, 1.—[Bereshith Rabbah section 44; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 77, see כְּשַׁשׁ.] *. כַּתַּשׁto press, beg persistently. Shevuoth 30ᵇ; Chullin 7ᵇ, see בְּתַשׁ. ↗ original
כָּתַת (Biblical Hebrew) [to join closely (in a friendly or hostile sense);—Denom. כַּתְּ;] to press, crush. participle passive כָּתוּת, one whose parts are crushed. Sifra Emor Parah 7, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 7; Kiddushin 25ᵇ; Bechoroth 39ᵇ Pi'el פִּעֵל כִּיתֵּתto strike. Bereshith Rabbah section 22 (with referring to Psalms 89, 24) התחיל מְכַתְּתוֹ he began to strike him; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 36; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 840. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 23 היה מה"מ מְכַתֵּת וכ׳ the angel of death smote fifteen thousand and some of them. Berachoth 63ᵇ (play on הׄסׄכׄתׄ, Deuteronomy 27, 9) כַּתְּתוּ עצמיכם וכ׳ expose yourselves to being smitten (by death) over the study of the Law. to pound, pulverize. Avodah Zarah 44ᵃ כִּיתְּתוֹ ground it (the bronze serpent) to powder.—Transferred (compare גרס) to discuss, argue. Berachoth the passage cited הֹסֹ ואח"כ כַֹּתֵֹּת first listen (and receive) and then discuss.—participle passive מְכוּתָּת, feminine מְכוּתֶּתֶת, plural מְכוּתָּתִין, see כָּתַשׁ.D ↗ original
כְּתַתto join closely, be grouped. Targum Job 30, 7 בתתין manuscript variant reading, read: כָּתְתִין (edition מתחברין, Hebrew text יְסֻפָּחוּ).—Denom. כָּתָא, כִּתָּא. to strike, see below. Pa'el פִּעֵל כַּתֵּתto pound, crush. Avodah Zarah 44ᵃ בדין הוא דכַתּוּתֵי לא וכ׳ by law it was necessary to grind it (the bronze serpent) to powder, see the precedingto ally, form into factions. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 24, 23 (play on כִּתִּים, the same place (ibid.) 24) מְכַתֵּת וכ׳ causes nations … to form alliances and incites them against one another.—participle passive מְכַתַּת, see below. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיכַּתֵּתto be powdered, crushed. Sukkah 31ᵇ כַּתּוּתֵי מִיכַּתַּת שיעוריה the size which the Lulab must have, is (in the eyes of the law) crushed to powder (as an object of idolatry); Chullin 89ᵇ כתותי מִכַּתַּת שיעורא (or מְכַתַּת. see above). the same place (ibid.) כל מה דמכ׳ וכ׳ the more it is crushed to powder, the better it is fitted (for covering the blood). Yevamoth 103ᵇ כִּדְמִכַּתֵּת דמי (or כִּדְמְכַתַּת) the house doomed to destruction (Leviticus 14, 45) is to be considered as crushed to powder. to come in contact (hostile or friendly, compare זווג). Bereshith Rabbah section 78 (referring to פגש, Genesis 33, 8) א"ל מִיכַּתֵּת אנא גביהון א"ל וכ׳ said he (Esau), I had a meeting with them. Said he (Jacob) they came to find grace etc. Said he, I have had enough blows; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 133. ↗ original