ק

קָבַל 1 [to seize; to join, meet, correspond.] Pi'el פִּעֵל קִבֵּל to receive, accept; to take an obligation upon one’s self; to contract, agree. Zevachim 2, 1 כל הזבחים שק׳ דמן זר וכ׳ all sacrifices whose blood was received (in a vessel) by a non-priest etc. the same place (ibid.) 4 ק׳ והלך וזרק וכ׳ if he received the blood, or carried or sprinkled it with the thought of disposal at an unlawful time. the same place (ibid.) 3; and frequently—Avoth 1, 1 משה ק׳ וכ׳ Moses received the (traditional) law from Sinai, and handed it over to etc. the same place (ibid.) 4 קִבְּלוּ מהם (variant reading ממנו) received the traditions from them. the same place (ibid.) 3 לקַבֵּל וכ׳, see עֶבֶד. Eruvin 72ᵇ מְקַבְּלֵי פרס; the same place (ibid.) 73ᵃ מְקַבְּלוֹת, see פְּרָס. Avoth 1, 15 הוי מְקַבֵּל את כל וכ׳ receive every man etc., see סֵבֶר. Kethuboth 58ᵃ (a mnemonical formula) ק׳ מסר והלך if he (the betrothed) accepted (was satisfied to marry her in spite of blemishes discovered), or if the father handed his daughter over to the groom’s delegates, or if the father (or his delegates) went along with the groom’s delegates; Kiddushin 11ᵃ. Kethuboth 56ᵇ, and frequently ק׳ עליו אחריות if he assumed the guaranty. Demai 2, 2, and the following המקבל עליו וכ׳ he that obligates himself etc., see נֶאֱמָן. Shemoth Rabbah section 3 והם לא קבלו על וכ׳ and did they not receive (punishment) for what they did? the same place (ibid.) אינו מקבל מוסר does not accept correction. Menachoth 96ᵇ, and frequently מקבל טומאה susceptible of levitical uncleanness; and very frequently—Esp. to take on lease, to rent a field either on shares (see אָרִיס) or at a fixed rent (see חָכִיר). Bava Metzia 9, 1. the same place (ibid.) 9 קִבְּלָהּ הימנו לשבע וכ׳ if he rented it of him for seven years. the same place (ibid.) 10 קבלה הימנו שבע … בשבע וכ׳ if he rented it for ‘seven years at a rent of seven hundred Zuz’, the Sabbatical year is not included; and frequently—ק׳ פנים, see Hif'il—ק׳ קיבולת, see קִיבּוֹלֶת.—participle pass. מְקוּבָּל a) accepted, acceptable, well-liked, beloved. Berachoth 5, 5, see טָרַף. the same place (ibid.) 17ᵃ ויהא מק׳ על הבריות and that he may be well-liked of men.—b) holding a tradition. Peah 2, 6 מק׳ אני מר׳ … שקבל וכ׳ I hold a tradition from R. M. who received it of etc.; Nazir 56ᵇ כך מְקוּבְּלַנִי וכ׳; and elsewhere Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְבִּיל (with פנים or supply (understood word) פנים; interch. with Pi'el) to ask for a favorable reception, to visit, pay one’s respects to. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 5, beginning 22ᵇ אילולא דייו אלא שהיה מקבל פני רבו שכל המַקְבִּיל פני רבו כאילו מקבל וכ׳ (not דיין; = אילו לא עשה כלום אלא … דייו) had he done nothing (during the thirteen years of his waiting on his master) but greet his teacher, it were sufficient; for he that pays his respects to his teacher is considered as one waiting on the Divine Presence; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 11, 30ᵇ top of the page Chagigah 5ᵇ אתם הִקְבַּלְתֶּם … תזכו להַקְבִּיל וכ׳ you have greeted a countenance that is seen but cannot see (a blind man), may you be permitted to greet the Countenance that sees and cannot be seen. Sanhedrin 42ᵃ אילמלא … להַקְבִּיל פני וכ׳ if Israelites were permitted to greet their Father in heaven only once a month etc.; כל המברך … כאילו מקבל וכ׳ saying the blessing over the new moon in its due time, is, as it were, greeting the Divine Presence; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 189 מקביל. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 1, beginning 75ᵈ והִקְבּילוּ ר׳ י׳ בבקיעין and waited upon (visited) R. J. in B’ḳiin; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, 18ᵈ bottom of the page; Tosefta Sotah 7, 9, והקבילו פני וכ׳; Chagigah 3ᵃ הלכו להקביל פני וכ׳; and frequently—Shabbath 152ᵃ, see below. Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּקְבַּל (with פנים, or ל־) to be placed opposite, be admitted to the presence of, (a polite expression for:) to be visited. Shabbath 152ᵃ מפני מה לא הוּקְבַּלְנוּ פניך … שהוּקְבְּלוּ אבותי לאבותיך early editions (Munich manuscript לא הוקבלו, incorr.; later editions הִקְבַּלְנוּ … שהִקְבִּילוּ Hif'il; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) why were we not permitted to see you on the festive day, as my ancestors used to receive thy ancestors? Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַבֵּל, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַבֵּל to be received, accepted. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4, Parah 4 הדם הדם שנ׳ בכלי ‘they shall sprinkle the blood’ (Leviticus 1, 5), the blood which has been received in a vessel. Zevachim 34ᵇ, and the following; and elsewhere—Pesikta Rabbati section 44 ספק מִתְקַבֵּל ספק אינו מתקבל it is doubtful, will he or will he not be favorably received. Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4 תפלתו מִתְקַבֶּלֶת ברצון his prayer was accepted with favor; and frequently to make one’s self the recipient of, to receive, accept. Kethuboth 5, 1 הִתְקַבַּלְתִּי ממך וכ׳ I have received at thy hands (on account) one hundred etc. Gittin 6, 1 הִתְקַבֵּל גט זה וכ׳ make thyself the receiver of this letter of divorce in behalf of my wife. the same place (ibid.) התקבל לי גטי accept my letter of divorce in my behalf; and frequently ↗ original

קְבַל (with אפי) to visit. Targum Psalms 41, 7. the same place (ibid.) 45, 10. ק׳ למימרא to listen, obey, see below. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַבֵּל, קַבֵּיל to receive, take, accept. Targum Exodus 23, 8. Targum 2 Samuel 14, 14 (Hebrew text ישא נפש!). Targum Psalms 24, 5. Targum Isaiah 12, 3. Targum Leviticus 20, 17; and frequently—Targum Psalms 62, 11 edition Lagarde edition (edition תהבלו = חבל׳ seize), see הֲבַל.—Esp. ק׳ למימרא to accept, consent, listen to, obey. Targum Genesis 3, 17 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Vienna edition קְבֵלַת Pe.). the same place (ibid.) 16, 2. Targum Deuteronomy 26, 17; and frequently—Bava Metzia 117ᵃ קַבִּילִי עלאי I took upon myself (consented to, was prepared for), see עֲלִיָּה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ מרתא דביתא דקַבַּלְתָּן the mistress of the house who received us (whose guests we were). Shabbath 17ᵃ גזור וקַבְּלוּ מינייהו they decreed the prohibition, and the people accepted it of them. Bechoroth 38ᵃ בר קַבּוּלֶי טומאה susceptible of levitical uncleanness; and frequently Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְקַבֵּל to be received, accepted. Targum Numbers 15, 7; 10; 13. Targum 2 Chronicles 30, 27; and frequently (see the precedingHithpa'el) to be made the recipient of, to have assigned to. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 33, 21 ויתקבל בקדמיתא דיליה edition Berlin edition (other edition ואתק׳) to him (to God) shall be (has been) assigned a share in the foremost part of it (of the land; Hebrew text וירא ראשית לו). ↗ original

קָבַל 2 (compare חבל) to feel oppressed; to cry; (compare צָוַח) to complain, bring charges. Yadayim 4, 6 קוֹבְלִין אנו עליכם we cry out against you (we say, ‘woe unto you’). the same place (ibid.) 8 קוֹבֵל אני עליכם I accuse you. Bereshith Rabbah section 96 (referring to ויקרבו, Genesis 47, 29, see קָרַב) אמר [לו] הקב"ה היום קובל עליך לומר בי הוא יקום (not כי) the Lord said to him, the day brings suit against thee (summons thee before court) saying, with me (on this day) he shall stand (before the throne of justice); Tanchuma Vayḥi 2; Yalkut Shimoni Kings 168. Devarim Rabbah section 9 (referring to Deuteronomy 31, 14 הן קרבו) היום קבל לפני הקב"ה וכ׳ (some edition קובל) the day cried out before the Lord saying, O Lord, I will not move, I will not set, and Moses shall live; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 941 כאדם שאומר פלוני קובל … כך היום קובל וכ׳ (not קיבל) as one says, that man is bringing charges against thee …, so (the Lord said,) the day is summoning thee, but the sun said, I will not move etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᶜ אמו של … וקָבְלָה עליו לרבותינו וכ׳ R. Yishmael’s mother … came and complained of him before our teachers, saying etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᵇ; and elsewhere Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְבִּיל same. Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 16 הִקְבִּילָה וכ׳ she complained to her mistress. ↗ original

קְבַל ² , to cry out, complain, lament. Targum Esther 4, 1 (Hebrew text זעק). Targum Psalms 77, 2 (edition Lagarde edition a. other קַבֵּילִית Pa.; Hebrew text צעק). Targum Onkelos Exodus 22, 22 (Yerushalmi (prefix) צוח); and frequently—Sanhedrin 31ᵇ עוקבן … ק׳ קדמנא ʿU. the Babylonian brought suit before us. Kiddushin 59ᵃ אזיל … קַבְלֵיה לר׳ זירא R. G. came and complained against him to R. Z.; אזל ר׳ ז׳ וקבליה וכ׳ R. Z. went and laid the suit before etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᶜ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᵈ ק׳ לי על בריה וכ׳ he brought complaint before me against his son (asking) that he should support him; Pesikta Rabbati section 23-24; and elsewhere Pa'el פִּעֵל קַבֵּיל same. Targum Job 35, 9 (Bxt. מַקְבְּלִין Af.; Hebrew text יזעיקו); see above. ↗ original

קְבַל 3 (compare the preceding) [to be thick,] to be misty, dark. Targum Micah 3, 6. Targum Isaiah 13, 10; and elsewhere—participle קָבֵיל, קָבֵל, קְבִילָא. Targum Psalms 139, 11 (not קַ׳, קֳ׳; Hebrew text אוֹר!). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 14, 57 יומא ק׳ a cloudy day, opposite נהירא; and elsewhere—5. next article Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְבֵּיל to darken. Targum Amos 5, 8. the same place (ibid.) 8, 9. ↗ original

קַבָּל masculine Hebrew, see קַבּלָן ↗ original

קַבָּל ² (preceding article) foggy, dark; in a transferred sense obscure. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 15, 12 בבל קַבְּלָא Babylonia the foggy (see חֲשׁוֹכָא 2).—Sanhedrin 14ᵃ; 92ᵃ לעולם הוי ק׳ וקיים remain always obscure (without office) and live. ↗ original

קְבל 4 (the preceding) darkness, fog. Targum Onkelos Genesis 15, 12. the same place (ibid.) 17 (edition Amsterdam edition קַבְלָה). Targum Onkelos Exodus 10, 21 קֵבַל ליליא edition Berlin edition (other edition קְבֵיל, קְבַל). the same place (ibid.) 22 חשוך ק׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) חשוך דקביל. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 28, 29 קַבְ׳ (edition Amsterdam edition קַבְּ׳); Yerushalmi (prefix) קִיבְ׳. Targum Job 3, 3 (some edition קְבָ׳); and frequently—plural קִבְלַיָּא, קִי׳. Targum Psalms 73, 18 (Hebrew text חלקות). vapor, vanity. Targum Job 6, 26 ולקִבְ׳ (edition Lagarde edition ולקִיבְ׳; Hebrew text ולרוח).—5. קַבָּלָא. ↗ original

קִבְלָא (see קָבַל I) junction, meeting; (preposition) construct state קְבֵל, קְבֵיל, קָבֵל (corresp. to Hebrew לעמת, מול, נגד, נכח) towards, corresponding to, alongside of, opposite; כָּל־קְ׳; לִקְ׳, מִקְּ׳, מִלִּקְ׳; also plural קָבְלֵי־. Targum Onkelos Genesis 28, 17 (edition Vienna edition קֳ׳); Yerushalmi (prefix) מכוון כל ק׳ corresponding to. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 25, 18 כל ק׳ (Hebrew text על פני). Targum Onkelos Leviticus 5, 8 מִקְּ׳ edition Berlin edition (other editions מַקְבֵּיל); Yerushalmi (prefix) לקביל. Targum Ruth 4, 4. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 5, 15. Targum Psalms 10, 5 מן קִבְּלֵיה edition Vilna edition (manuscript קוּבְלֵיה). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 33, 20 לְקָבְלֵיכוֹן against you; and very frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 41ᵇ איקפד לקוּבְלֵיה he was angry with him. the same place (ibid.) top ולא על יאות … לקִיבְלֵיה R. H. was not right in speaking harshly against him; Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 3, 23ᶜ bottom of the page ולא עאל … לקבל (correct accordingly); and elsewhere ↗ original

קִבְלָא ² (the preceding) [a means against,] charm (to ward off danger). Berachoth 62ᵃ אנא ק׳ גמירי Munich manuscript (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) קי׳; edition קבלה) I have learned a charm (by which to ward off demons); the same place (ibid.) ק׳ דבית וכ׳ a charm against the demons of the privy is silence; ק׳ דיסורי וכ׳ a charm for sufferings is silence and prayer; [edition emended after Rashi: קַבָּלָה a traditional rule of conduct]. ↗ original

קִבְלָא ³ (see קְבַל 2) woe, pain.—plural קִבְלֵי, קִי׳. Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 20 בר קִיבְלַיי O, thou son (cause) of my woes!; Vayikra Rabbah section 25 קבלוי (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קַבָּלָא , construct state קַבָּלַת (see קְבַל 4) vapor, vanity. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 5, 15 לק׳ רוחיה for the vanity of his spirit (Hebrew text לרוח). ↗ original

קַבְלָה , see קְבַל 4 ↗ original

קַבָּלָה 1 (קָבַל 1) receiving, acceptance. Pesikta Rabbati section 44 קַבָּלַת שבים the reception (in grace) of the repentant. Zevachim 13ᵃ וק׳ מי פסלה does the receiving (of the sacrificial blood by a non-priest) make the sacrifice unfit? the same place (ibid.) קבלת הדם receiving the blood in a vessel. the same place (ibid.) 1, 4 שלא בק׳ without the act of receiving the blood; and frequently—Gittin 62ᵇ שליח לק׳ one deputed by the woman to receive the letter of divorce in her behalf, see הוֹלָכָה. the same place (ibid.) אק׳ referring to the reception of the letter of divorce in her behalf; and frequently—Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 5, 10 בית ק׳ receptacle, see קִיבּוּל. tradition, traditional law; post-Mosaic Scriptures, opposite to תורה or תורת משה. Rosh Hashanah 7ᵃ דבר זה מתורת … מדברי ק׳ למדנו this (that the months are counted from Nisan) we learned not from the Law of Moses, but from the words of tradition (historical accounts, referring to Zechariah 1, 7; Esther 2, 16 etc.). the same place (ibid.) 19ᵃ גדליה … דברי ק׳ הוא ודברי ק׳ וכ׳ the account of Gedaliah, son of A., is traditional (historical, Jeremiah 41), and the words of tradition (post-Mosaic records) are as authoritative as the words of the Torah. Chagigah 10ᵇ דברי תורה מדברי ק׳ וכ׳ we must derive no interpretation of Mosaic laws from analogies of expression in post-Mosaic books (e.g. Amos 5, 25 as illustrating the sense of Exodus 5, 1); Bava Kamma 2ᵇ; Niddah 23ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 1, 57ᵇ top ולמידין מן הק׳ can we derive a legal rule from a post-Mosaic book (Isaiah 28, 25)?—Bereshith Rabbah section 7 ומן הק׳ אתה מלקני wilt thou condemn me to lashes on an inference from a post-Mosaic book?; Tanchuma Chukkath 6; and frequently—[Berachoth 62ᵃ, see קִבְלָא 2.]—[In later Hebrew ק׳ Kabbalah, mystic lore.] ↗ original

*קַבָּלָה 2 ) feminine (קָבַל 2) outcry, rebuke. Taanith 2, 1 (15ᵃ) ובק׳ הוא אומר וכ׳ and in his rebuke, he (the prophet) says, ‘Rend your heart etc.’ (Joel 2, 13); see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage) ↗ original

קַבָּלוּת , see קַבְּלָנוּת, a. קִיבּוֹלֶת. ↗ original

קַבָּלוּתָא = Hebrew קַבָּלָה I, reception, taking. Targum 2 Chronicles 19, 7. ↗ original

*קַבָּלָן (קְבַל 1) guards receiving signals from one another, signal stations. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 6, end, 44ᵃ (explained דידכיות, see דִּידְכֵי). ↗ original

קַבְּלָן (קָבַל 1) receiver of stolen goods.—plural קַבְּלָנִים, קַבְּלָנִין. Vayikra Rabbah section 6, see גִּיֵּיד; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 471; the same place (ibid.) שאין הכל אלא מן הק׳ it is all the fault of the receivers. one who assumes another man’s obligation unconditionally, different interpretation or differently interpreted frequently עָרֵב; surety. Bava Bathra 173ᵇ bottom of the page וק׳ אע"פ … מן הק׳ but in the case of a Ḳabb’lan, even if the debtor has property, the creditor may sue the surety. the same place (ibid.) 174ᵃ תן לו ואני ק׳ … לשון קבלנות הן when one says, give him (not, lend him), and I am surety, give him, and I will pay …, all these phrases mean absolute assumption of the obligation; and elsewhere contractor, a hired man paid for certain work when it is done, contradistinguished from day-laborer; also tenant of land at a fixed rent. Tosefta Bava Metzia 7, 3, see קַבְּלָנוּת. Shevi'ith 3, 9 והק׳ מביא מכל מקום and the building contractor may take stones (during the Sabbatical year) from any place; [other opinion: the tenant etc.]—plural קַבְּלָנִים, קַבְּלָנִין. Moed Katan 11ᵇ הק׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 82ᵇ bottom of the page קַבָּלָיו (from קַבָּל) his laborers hired for a certain work. ↗ original

קַבְּלָנָא receiver (of deposits etc.). Ylamdenu to Exodus 38, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) והוה לה ק׳ בחיי בעלה and she had a receiver (trustee) during her husband’s life-time. one receiving and transmitting a tradition, authority.—plural קַבְּלָנֵי. Nazir 56ᵇ כל שמעתתא … תלתא ק׳ קמאי וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (in edition our word omitted) whenever a tradition passes through three (or more) authorities, we must mention the first and the last authorities, the intermediate we may omit. ↗ original

קָבְלָנָא , see קוּבְלָנָא ↗ original

קַבְּלָנוּת (see קַבְּלָן) assumption of an obligation, unconditional surety. Bava Bathra 174ᵃ, see קַבְּלָן. the same place (ibid.) 173ᵇ (referring to Genesis 42, 37) הא ק׳ היא this is a case of absolute obligation. work on contract, opposite to time work. Bava Metzia 112ᵃ ק׳ עובר עליו וכ׳ as regards contract work, does the employer that withholds the wages transgress the law (Leviticus 19, 13) etc.? Tosefta Bava Metzia 7, 3 קבלן … לפי קַבְּלָנוּתוֹ if the contract laborer meets with an accident which prevents his finishing the work, you must pay him in proportion, according to his contract.—3) land tenancy on a fixed rent. Tosefta Avodah Zarah 2, 8 אין נותנין להם עיריסיות וק׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (other edition אריסיות וקַבָּלוּת; variant reading edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) וקִבֹּלֶת) you must not give them (the gentiles in Palestine) tenancies on shares or on fixed rents. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 82ᵃ bottom of the page שטרי ארסיות וקבלנית (read: אריסות וקבלנות, or אריסיות וקַבְּלָנִיּוֹת, plural) contracts of tenancy etc.—5. קִיבּוֹלֶת ↗ original

קבלנית , see the preceding ↗ original

קְבֵלְתָּא (קְבַל 2) outcry, plaint. Targum Genesis 18, 20 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Amsterdam edition קבילית, read קְבֵילַת). Targum Onkelos the same place (ibid.) 21 (edition Vienna edition קְבִלְ׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) I קִיבֵּילְתָּא; Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 קְכָלַתְ׳). Targum Onkelos Exodus 22, 22. Targum Job 34, 28; and frequently—Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 7, 6 קִיבְלַת כובין the plaintive sound of crackling thorns. ↗ original

קבסיו , see קְבוּסַאי ↗ original

קְבַסְתָּן , see קְבַס ↗ original

קָבַע 1 (Biblical Hebrew) [to cover, press,] to overpower, rob. Tanchuma T’rumah 9 (referring to Malachi 3, 8) לשון ערבי … מה אתה קוֹבְעֵנִי it is an Arabic expression; when an Arab argues with his neighbor and wants to say, why wilt thou rob me?, he says, why art thou ḳob’ʿeni?; Yalkut Shimoni Malachi 587 (read גוזלני for גמלני). to prevent. Yadayim 4, 3 קוֹבֵעַ אתה … מלהוריד וכ׳ (by allowing the priests’ share to be given to the poor) thou preventest the heaven from sending down dew and rain. ↗ original

קְבַע Rosh Hashanah 26ᵃ and the following a man came to Levi and said קַבְעַן פלניא וכ׳ that man is a ḳabʿan, and he (Levi) did not know what it meant; (on asking at college, he was told) גזלן פלניא וכ׳ it means that man is a robber etc. (referring to Malachi 3, 8 היקבע). the same place (ibid.) אי הוינא … היכי קַבְעָךְ במאי קבעך ואמאי קבעך had I been there, I should have said to the man (using the same expression), how did he ḳ’bʿa thee?, wherewith?, and wherefore?, and thus I should have found out what it meant. ↗ original

קָבַע 2 (the preceding) [to squeeze in, make a hole,] to insert, drive in; to fix. Bava Bathra 7ᵇ קְבַע וכ׳, see מַסְמָר. Tanchuma B’haʿal. 15 (referring to Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 11 משמרות) אם קָבַעְתָּ אותם כמׄסׄמׄרׄ בלבך הן מׄשׄמׄרׄין אותך if thou hast driven them (the words of the Law) like a nail into thy heart, they will guard thee. Vayikra Rabbah section 5 (referring to Isaiah 22, 16) אפי׳ איזה מסמר קבעת כאן what nail hast thou driven into it (to acquire ownership)? Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 10, 6 אע"פ שקְבָעָן וכ׳ (not שקבאן) although he fastened them with nails; and frequently—participle passive קָבוּעַ; feminine קְבוּעָה etc. the same place (ibid.) צריך אדם … יתד ק׳ וכ׳ a man ought to have a nail or a peg fixed in the burial ground so as to take possession and be sure to be buried in the designated place. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 5, beginning 55ᵈ אבן ק׳ a stone affixed to the ground, stationary, opposite תלושה; and frequently—Transferred to fix, appoint, make permanent. Berachoth 6ᵇ כל הקוֹבֵעַ מקום וכ׳ he who designates a certain place where to pray regularly; the same place (ibid.) 7ᵇ. Shabbath 31ᵇ קָבַעְתָּ וכ׳, see עֵת. Megillah 7ᵃ בתחלה קְבָעוּהָ וכ׳ at first they instituted the feast of Purim for Shushan, and afterwards for the whole world. the same place (ibid.) שלחה … קִבְעוּנִי לדורות Esther sent word to the scholars, Appoint my memory to be celebrated for all generations. Avoth 3, 2 הקב"ה קובע לו שכר the Lord will determine his reward. Betzah 20ᵃ בקשו לִקְבּוֹעַ הלכה וכ׳ they attempted (by vote) to establish the law in agreement with their opinion; Tosefta Chagigah 2, 11; and frequently—participle passive as ab. Tosefta Avodah Zarah 1, 1 אידין הקְבוּעִין regular (annual) festivals. Avodah Zarah 11ᵇ חמשה בתי ע"ז ק׳ הן five idolatrous temples (and the fairs connected therewith) are permanent; explained the same place (ibid.) לעולם תדירא וכ׳ permanent, regular, and all the year through etc. Bava Bathra the passage cited הלכות קְבוּעוֹת הן they are established laws; and frequently (denominative of קֶבַע) to impart the character of a regular appointed meal. Betzah 34ᵇ שבת מהו שתִּקְבַּע מוקצה למעשר does the Sabbath give, to fruit not yet ready for regular use, the character of an appointed meal with reference to the duty of tithing (so that you dare not eat of them on the Sabbath even as a luncheon, אכילת עראי)? the same place (ibid.) שבת קוֹבַעַת וכ׳ the Sabbath gives that character, whether the food you partake of be sufficiently ready for consumption or not. Pesachim 105ᵃ כשם שהשבת … קובעת לקידוש as the Sabbath makes every meal an appointed one with regard to tithes, so does it with reference to Ḳiddush (that you dare not taste anything before reciting the Ḳiddush, see קִידּוּשׁ). the same place (ibid.) קָבְעָה להבדלה the exit of the Sabbath makes every meal an appointed one as regards the Habdalah (see הַבְדָּלָה); and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל קִבֵּעַ to wedge in, set. Shabbath 67ᵇ המְקַבַּעַת Rashi variant reading, see בָּקַע.—participle passive מְקוּבַּע; feminine מְקוּבַּעַת. Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 כעטרה הזאת שמק׳ באבנים וכ׳ like the royal crown which is beset with precious stones and pearls. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְבַּע to be appointed, established. Tosefta Chagigah 2, 11 נִקְבְּעָה הלכה כדברי וכ׳ the law was established (by vote) in accordance with the opinion of etc.; (Betzah 20ᵇ וקבעו וכ׳). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 5, beginning 42ᵇ שאין … נִקְבָּעִין אלא וכ׳ congregational sacrifices are designated as such only by the act of slaughtering. Challah 4, 11 שלא יִקָּבַע הרבר חובה that this usage may not become an established obligation; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְבַע ² to stick into, fix. Targum I Samuel 2, 14. the same place (ibid.) 19, 10. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 25, 7; and elsewhere—participle passive קָבִיעַ; feminine קְבִיעָא etc. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 28, 12. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 20, 21. Targum Song of Songs 4, 9 (engraven); and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 3, 78ᵈ, see מַסְמְרָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 5, 32ᵇ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 13, 13ᶜ top; see מַסְמְרָא; and elsewhere to fix, appoint, establish. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 32, 8. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 12, 2; and frequently—participle passive as ab. the same place (ibid.) 3; and elsewhere—Avodah Zarah 11ᵇ חגתא … דלא קביעא an Arabian fair which has no fixed date. Berachoth 43ᵇ, see עִידָּנָא; and elsewhere—Kerithoth 18ᵃ, see below. to impart the character of an appointed meal. Pesachim 105ᵃ נפסיק ונִקְבְּעֵיה לשבתא let us interrupt our meal, and (resuming it) appoint it as a Sabbath meal; לא … שבתא קָבְעָה נפשה you need not interrupt your meal, the Sabbath itself makes it an appointed meal. Betzah 34ᵇ כיון דאמר … ק׳ ליה עילויה as soon as he says, ‘from here I will take to eat to-morrow’, he makes it an appointment (and it is subject to tithes); and elsewhere Pa'el פִּעֵל קַבַּע to set, garnish with.—participle passive מְקַבַּע; plural מְקַבְּעִין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 33, 21 מ׳ אבנין וכ׳ (not מִקְבַּע) beset with precious stones; Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 מקבעין אבנין וכ׳ precious stones are set (in it). Targum Esther 8, 15. Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 מְקוּבַּע, מְקוּבָּעִין some editions (Hebr. forms). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְבַּע same, to set, fasten. Bava Bathra 6ᵃ אַקְבּוּעֵי Manuscript Rome a. Rashi, see קַבְעָתָא. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְבִיעַ, אִיקְּבַע to be appointed, established. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 14, 1.—Kerithoth 18ᵃ שתי חתיכות א׳ איסורא לא קבעה וכ׳ where there are two pieces (one forbidden and one permitted) the presence of a prohibited element is established; one piece (of doubtful quality) does not establish the presence of a prohibited thing; Nazir 23ᵃ. Shabbath 86ᵇ, and the following, see יַרְחָא; and elsewhere ↗ original

קֶבַע (the preceding) appointment, permanency, institution; regular, perfunctory act. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᶜ bottom of the page אכילת ק׳ a regular meal; שינת ק׳ a regular sleep, see עַרְאַי. Yoma 10ᵇ, see דִּירָה I. Berachoth 4, 1 תפלת … אין לה ק׳ for the evening prayer there is no fixed law, explained the same place (ibid.) 27ᵇ רשות it is optional. the same place (ibid.) 4, 4 העושה … ק׳ וכ׳ the prayer of one who treats it as a perfunctory obligation, is not a means of grace. Avoth 2, 13 אל … ק׳ אלא רחמים וכ׳ make not thy prayer a perfunctory act, but a means of mercy and grace. the same place (ibid.) 1, 15 עשה תורתך ק׳ make thy study of the Law a regular engagement. Bamidbar Rabbah section 2, beginning משם … ק׳ שמתפללים וכ׳ from this the institution of three daily prayers is derived; and frequently ↗ original

קִבְעָא , appointment, fixed time or place. Pesachim 101ᵇ לק׳ קמא הדר (some edition לקִיבְעֵיה) he goes back (refers in his mind) to his first appointed place for the meal. Zevachim 7ᵇ top מק׳ לא מכפרא וכ׳ a dedicated sin-offering does not effect pardon (for a sin of commission) directly by its dedication, but only by implication (when going along with a sin of omission). the same place (ibid.) 6ᵃ מק׳ לא מכפרא וכ׳ it (the designated meal offering left to heirs) has its pardoning effect not through appointment (as if the heirs had a share in it) but merely by implication, see קְבִיעוּתָא. ↗ original

קַבְעָן (קְבַע 1) violent man, robber. Rosh Hashanah 26ᵇ top, see קְבַע I; [Rashi takes our word as verb קַבְעָן he has done us (me) violence.] ↗ original

קַבְעָתָא (קְבַע 2) setting, frame. Bava Bathra 6ᵃ ק׳ דכשורי (Manuscript Rome a. Rashi אַקְבּוּעֵי) the wooden lining of the cavities in the wall in which the beams are fixed. ↗ original

קָבַץ (Biblical Hebrew) to press, gather. Avodah Zarah 19ᵃ (referring to Proverbs 13, 11) ואם קוֹבֵץ על יד ירבה but if he collects learning little by little, he will increase it, see חֲבִילָה; Eruvin 54ᵇ (correct accordingly).—participle passive קָבוּץ; plural קְבוּצִים, קְבוּצִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, 33ᵈ top נוטל את הק׳ עמו (not עמה) he may take with him the collected rakings. Gittin 56ᵇ (referring to Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 8, 10) א"ת קבורים אלא קבוצים read not ḳ’burim (buried) but ḳ’butsim (the wicked taking up heaps of spoil). Pi'el פִּעֵל קִבֵּץ same, to collect. the same place (ibid.) 7ᵃ quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (referring to Joshua 15, 21 קבצאל ועדר ויגור) כל המְקַבֵּץ עדרים … יגור וכ׳ he who gathers flocks (students) to the study of the Law, shall dwell in the partition of the Lord. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 107 אני אֲקַבֵּץ וכ׳ I (the Lord) will gather you in due time; and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְבָּץ, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַבֵּץ to be collected, gathered. Sanhedrin 112ᵃ נִקְבָּצִין לתוכה those things which can be brought together to the condemned city (with referring to Deuteronomy 13, 17). Megillah 17ᵇ כיון שנִתְקַבְּצוּ גליות וכ׳ when the diasporas are collected, judgment is executed on the wicked. Zevachim 116ᵃ נִתְקַבְּצוּ כולם אצל וכ׳ they all gathered themselves around Balaam; and frequently ↗ original

קְבַץ to leap. Berachoth 63ᵃ edition קְבוֹץ, see זוּל I Chaldaic (Aramaic); [Rashi = the preceding gather]. ↗ original

קֶבֶץ (the preceding) joint. Tosefta Bechoroth 4, 14; (Bechoroth 41ᵃ קֶפֶץ), see עַרְקוּב. ↗ original

קָבַר (Biblical Hebrew) [to cave out; to arch,] to bury. Sanhedrin 52ᵃ הנראה מי קוֹבֵר את מי (Munich manuscript הא נראה) we shall see, which will cover which (which will die first). Sotah 14ᵃ הקב"ה ק׳ … קְבוֹר מתים the Lord buried the dead, … thou, too, bury the dead (consider attending to the dead a religious duty). Niddah 24ᵇ קובר מתים הייתי I used to be a grave-digger. Bava Bathra 15ᵇ לא … לִקְבּוֹר וכ׳ he had no place where to bury Sarah; Shemoth Rabbah section 6. Treatise Smachoth, Treatise Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12 קָבְרֵנִי תחלה וכ׳ first bury me in the valley, and then collect my bones. the same place (ibid.) קִבְרוּ אותי תחת וכ׳ bury me at the feet of my father. Shabbath 114ᵃ אל תִּקְבְּרוּנִי לא וכ׳ bury me neither in white clothes nor in black etc.; and frequently—participle passive קָבוּר; feminine קְבוּרָה. Kethuboth 111ᵃ כל הק׳ בא"י כאילו ק׳ וכ׳ he that is buried in Palestine is as though buried under the altar. Berachoth 18ᵇ שאני ק׳ במחצלת וכ׳ for I am buried in a reed mat. Gittin 56ᵇ (referring to Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 8, 10) קְבוּרִים ממש וכ׳ it really means buried things, for even hidden things were discovered by them, see קָבַץ; and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְכַּר to be buried. Sanhedrin 47ᵃ לא נספד ולא נ׳ if a body has been neither lamented over (see סָפַד) nor buried. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ לא יִקָּבֵר בו וכ׳ he must never be buried in that place; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיבֵּר to bury (one after the other). the same place (ibid.) 113ᵃ היה מְקַבֵּר והולך וכ׳ he successively buried (his children) beginning with Abiham etc. ↗ original

קְבַר same, to bury. Targum Genesis 23, 4. Targum Psalms 79, 3; and frequently—participle passive קְבִיר; feminine קְבִירָא etc. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 33, 21 (Yerushalmi (prefix) קָבוּר, Hebr. form). Targum Ruth 1, 17. Targum Job 27, 15; and frequently—Sanhedrin 46ᵇ לא בעינא דלִיקְבְּרוּהָ וכ׳ I do not want them to bury this man (I want not to be buried when I am dead). the same place (ibid.) מדקַבְרֵיה וכ׳ because the Lord buried Moses. Shabbath 151ᵇ וקביר, see חֲפִיר; and frequently—Avodah Zarah 38ᵃ וק׳ ביה ישראל וכ׳ after an Israelite had hidden a pumpkin in it (the oven). (of tide) to overflow, inundate. Bereshith Rabbah section 13; Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 7 דמרבי וקָבֵר which grows and floods, see קַבְרִיאֵל. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַבֵּר as the preceding Pi'el Targum Numbers 33, 4; and elsewhere Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְקַבַּר, Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְבַר, אִיקְּכַר to be buried. Targum Genesis 15, 15. Targum Jeremiah 8, 2; and frequently—Sanhedrin the passage cited מדאִיקְּבוּר צדיקי since righteous men are buried (it would seem that burial is not for the sake of purging the dead from sin). the same place (ibid.) הנך נמי לִיקַּבְּרוּ וכ׳ they (the other members of the house of Jeroboam) ought also to have been buried for the sake of atonement. the same place (ibid.) 104ᵃ קברה ולא אִיקְבְּרָא וכ׳ he buried it (Joiakim’s skull), and it would not remain under ground, buried it again etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original

קֶבֶר the preceding) grave. Sanhedrin 47ᵇ ק׳ חדש a fresh grave (that has been dug but not used). the same place (ibid.) ק׳ בנין a grave on which something has been built, i.e. an arched grave (not flat). the same place (ibid.) שלשה קברות הן ק׳ הנמצא there are three kinds of graves (with reference to law): a grave that has been discovered (a fresh grave in which somebody was buried without the consent of the owner of the ground); ק׳ הידוע a known grave (in which one was buried with the owner’s consent); ק׳ המזיק את הרבים a grave which interferes with public comfort (made in a thoroughfare). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 9, 57ᵈ top of the page, see תְּהוֹם. Oholoth 17, 1 החורש את הק׳ if one passes the plough over a grave. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 8 וכיון שקברוהו … את קִבְרוֹ when they had buried him (Elisha-Aḥer), a fire came to burn his grave; and very frequently—plural קְבָרִים, קְבָרוֹת. Taanith 25ᵇ תקנתם ק׳ וכ׳ have you prepared graves for yourselves (are you ready to die)? the same place (ibid.) 22ᵇ שלא יהא בתיהם קִבְרֵיהֶם that their houses may not become their graves (that their dwellings may not fall down from excessive rains); Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 5, 42ᶜ top שלא יעשו … קִבְרֵיהֶן. Chagigah 22ᵇ נשתטח על קִבְרֵי וכ׳ he prostrated himself over the graves of etc. Yevamoth 47ᵇ שני ק׳ נמסרו וכ׳ the court has charge of two burial places (for culprits). Sanhedrin 6, 5 ולא היו קוברין אותו בקִבְרוֹת אבותיו they did not bury him (the culprit) in the burial place of their ancestors; and frequently—בֵּית הקברות (abbr. בה"ק) cemetery; plural בָּתֵּי ק׳. Berachoth 18ᵇ הלך ולן בב"הק he went and spent the night in the cemetery. Sanhedrin the passage cited (46ᵇ) שני בתי ק׳ וכ׳ two burial grounds were at the disposal of the courts, one for those put to death by the sword, and one etc.; and frequently—Transferred uterus (containing an embryo). Niddah 21ᵃ באיפשר לפתיחת הק׳ וכ׳ they differ as to whether the uterus can open (to pass the embryo) without discharging blood. Shabbath 129ᵃ חיה כל זמן שהק׳ פתוח וכ׳ for a woman in confinement you must violate the Sabbath laws as long as the uterus is open, whether she says that she needs it or that she needs it not. the same place (ibid.) מאימתי פתיחת הק׳ when does the opening of the womb begin (in regard to Sabbath laws)?; עד מתי … הק׳ how long is it considered open? Oholoth 7, 4 אין לנפלים פ׳ הק׳ וכ׳ in the case of abortions the laws of levitical cleanness connected with the opening of the womb do not apply, unless etc., see פִּיקָא I; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 8; and frequently ↗ original

קִבְרָא Targum Jeremiah 5, 16. Targum Onkelos Numbers 19, 18 קַבְרָא edition Berlin edition (other edition קִ׳); and frequently—Bava Bathra 58ᵃ, see חֲבִיט. Taanith 23ᵇ אישתטח על ק׳ וכ׳ he threw himself prostrate over his father’s grave. Chagigah 15ᵇ סליק קיטרא מקִבְרֵיה וכ׳ smoke rose from Aḥer’s grave; and frequently—plural קִבְרִין, קִבְרַיָּא, קִבְרֵי, קִי׳. Targum Onkelos Exodus 14, 11 (edition Berlin edition קַ׳; edition Vienna edition קְבָ׳). Targum Isaiah 65, 4. Targum Numbers 11, 34; and frequently—Yevamoth 86ᵇ אהדריה … לבי ק׳ R. A. turned the entrance towards the cemetery. Bava Metzia 107ᵇ רב סליק לבי ק׳ וכ׳ Rab went to the cemetery etc.; and frequently—בַּת קִבְרַיָּא [Daughter of Graves,] name of a bird, probably raven, see צַרְצְרָא. Esther Rabbah to 1, 4, see גַּלְגֵּל.—קְבַר נוּנָא, see נוּנָא. ↗ original

(קְבַרְיָא) river (Ḳ’baria,) Ḳabriël. Bereshith Rabbah section 13 כמין תובייא כהדין קבריא וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word תווי (edition תוכייא דהדין; ‘Rashi’ קבריאל) like a flood, like the Ḳ. that swells and inundates; Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 7, see קְבַר 2. ↗ original

קברין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, 37ᵈ bottom of the page, see קָרוּכִין ↗ original

קברין ² , Esther Rabbah to 3, 6, see קַבְּרָן ↗ original

קברינט , see קְבַרְנִיט ↗ original

קַבְּרָן (קָבַר) grave-digger, name of a bird (that buries its eggs at the sea-shore). Esther Rabbah to 3, 6 quoted in Matt. K. to Esther Rabbah to 1, 4 קברין some edition (edition עוף; Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1054 אברני). ↗ original

קְבַרְנוּנָא , Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see נוּנָא ↗ original

קברנט , see next words ↗ original

*קְבַרְנִיט 1 (a corruption of labyrinthus, induced by phonetic association with קֶבֶר) labyrinth, cavern. Sotah 13ᵃ בק׳ של מלכים היה קבור (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בקברנט, some edition בקברנטו, read טָן …) he (Joseph) was buried in the labyrinth where the kings were buried (see Sachs, Sachs, Beitrage 1, p. 54); Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 227; see קיפוסולין. ↗ original

קְבַרְנִיט 2 (κυβερνήτης) steersman, pilot. Tanchuma Sh’laḥ. 15 הושיט לו הק׳ וכ׳ the helmsman threw a rope to him, saying, hold to this rope etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 750. Bava Bathra 91ᵃ and the following (on Abraham’s death) [read:] אוי לו … שאבד קְבַרְנִיטָהּ woe to the world whose leader is gone, woe to the ship whose helmsman is gone; and elsewhere—Transferred (compare רב החבל, Jonah 1, 6, a. תּחְבּוּלָה) prudent manager. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Aḥăré, p. 176ᵃ (referring to תחבלות, Proverbs 24, 6) לעולם יעשה אדם עצמו ק׳ וכ׳ man should always be at the helm (to look out,) how to do good; Vayikra Rabbah section 21; and elsewhere—plural קְבַרְנִיטִין. the same place (ibid.) פתר קריא בק׳ interpreted the verse (Proverbs the passage cited) as referring to the art of the helmsmen. Pesikta Rabbati section 47 (referring to Proverbs the passage cited) מה הספינה … אם אין לה ק׳ וכ׳ as the ship without a helmsman is bound to go down, so is Israel without leaders etc. ↗ original

קְבַרְנִיטָא Esther Rabbah introduction to section 5 (referring to Proverbs 23, 34) כהדין ק׳ דיתיב וכ׳ like the pilot that sits on the top of the mast etc.; Vayikra Rabbah section 12 קְוַורְנִיטו׳ (edition Vilna edition קוורנוטין, read: קְוַורְנִיטֵיס); Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 960 קרבניט׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קֵבְתָא = Hebrew קֵבָה. Targum Deuteronomy 18, 3. ↗ original

קֻבְּתָא , see קוּבְּתָא ↗ original

קָדַד Biblical Hebrew)to bow. Shemoth Rabbah section 5 (referring to Exodus 4, 31) וַיּקְּדוּ על הפקידה, see פְּקִידָה.—5. קָדָה. (compare כַּד a. כָּדַר) to cave, cut out, see קָדַר. ↗ original

קְדַד Chaldaic (Aramaic) as the preceding 2, see קְדַר ↗ original

קָדָה , see קדי ↗ original

קִדָּה (Biblical Hebrew) cassia, bark of the tree called cassia (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word) Kerithoth 5ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, beginning 49ᶜ. ק׳ לבנה white Ḳiddah, a tree. Kilayim 1, 8; Eruvin 34ᵇ name of a seasoning plant. the same place (ibid.) הקנים והק׳ וכ׳ (variant reading והקִידִּין plural) seasoning reeds, Ḳiddah, and Urbanin belong to the vegetable class (ירק). the same place (ibid.) ק׳ לחוד ק׳ לבנה לחוד Ḳiddah and white Ḳ. are different species. ↗ original

קָדוֹחָא (קְדַח) borer (of pearls); in a transferred sense one able to enter into the depth of a Biblical subject. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 10 אנא הוינא חרוזא … ק׳ I am a stringer of pearls and I am also a borer, see חֲרַז. ↗ original

קדוחים , see קְרוּחַיִים ↗ original

קִדּוּם , see sub קִידּ׳, a. also קָדִים. ↗ original

קדור , Pesachim 11ᵇ, read: קֵרוּד. ↗ original

קָדוֹשׁ holy, sacred; holy man, saint. Yevamoth 20ᵃ כל המקיים … נקרא ק׳ he who observes the ordinances of the scholars (with regard to marriage laws) is called holy (chaste). the same place (ibid.) 105ᵇ; Megillah 27ᵇ עם ק׳ the holy assembly, see פָּסַע; (Sanhedrin 7ᵇ עם קוֹרֶשׁ; Yevamoth the passage cited also עם קֹדֶשׁ). Vayikra Rabbah section 24 כשם שאני ק׳ כך וכ׳ as I am holy, so be you holy. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 16, 15ᶜ bottom of the page; Treatise Sof’rim 16, 12 הללו אל בקדשו לקְדוֹשׁוֹ לאהרן קְדוֹשׁ ד׳ ‘praise the Lord in his holiness’ (Psalms 150, 1) according to his holy servant, according to (the years of life of) Aaron, the holy servant of the Lord (123 Hallelujahs). Temurah 14ᵇ, and elsewhere כל הקרב ביום אינו ק׳ אלא ביום וכ׳ whatever must be offered in day-time, becomes sacred (by being put in a sacred vessel) only in day-time etc. Megillah 23ᵇ; Sanhedrin 15ᵃ אדם מי ק׳ is a human being ever sacred (dedicated to be Temple property)? Berachoth 10ᵇ (referring to 2 Kings 4, 9) הוא ק׳ … אינו ק׳ he (the prophet) is a pure man, but his servant (Gehazi) is not; and very frequently—רבינו הק׳ our teacher, the saint, i.e. R. Judah Hannasi. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, 74ᵃ; and frequently—הק׳ ברוך הוא (abbreviated or abbreviation הקב"ה, הב"ה, הק"ה) the Holy One, blessed be He, the Lord. Berachoth 6ᵇ. Bamidbar Rabbah section 20; and very frequently—plural קְדוֹשִׁים. Vayikra Rabbah the passage cited Shabbath 86ᵃ, and elsewhere ישראל ק׳ הן the Israelites are a chaste people. Pesachim 104ᵃ בנן של ק׳ the descendant of holy men (R. Menaḥem); Avodah Zarah 50ᵃ; and frequently—פרשת ק׳ the section of the Torah beginning with ḳ’doshim (Leviticus 19). Vayikra Rabbah the passage cited; and elsewhere—Fem. קְדוֹשָׁה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 2, end, 53ᵈ; and elsewhere, see עֵדָה. (see קְדוּשָּׁה) Ḳadosh, the recitation of Ḳadosh (Isaiah 6, 3). Treatise Sof’rim the passage cited קטן … ק׳ ביוצר (not כיוצא) a minor … must not recite Ḳadosh in the morning prayer (see יָצַר). the same place (ibid.) ק׳ של עמידה the Ḳadosh recited in the ‘standing prayer’ (see עֲמִידָה), the Ḳ’dushshah ↗ original

קְדוֹשׁ (denominative of the preceding) to become sanctified, consecrated. Menachoth 100ᵃ לִיקְדּוֹשׁ, see פְּסוֹל; Yoma 29ᵇ תִּקְדּוֹשׁ; and elsewhere to be betrothed. Kiddushin 12ᵇ תיקדוש וכ׳ let her be betrothed by means of the four Zuz which are wrapped up etc. ↗ original

קִדּוּשׁ , see sub קִידּ׳ ↗ original

קְדוּשָּׁא , see קְדוּשְׁתָּא ↗ original

קְדוּשָּׁה (קָדַשׁ) holiness, sanctity, sacredness; chastity. Yevamoth 2, 3, and elsewhere איסור ק׳, see אִיסּוּר. Kiddushin 55ᵃ, and frequently קְדוּשַּׁת הגוף an object which is consecrated as such (irredeemable), opposite ק׳ דמים that which is consecrated for its value (redeemable). Temurah 10ᵇ משום דמפרש ק׳ על הולד because he has pronounced sanctity on the embryo (by dedicating the mother). the same place (ibid.)ᵃ אין ק׳ חלה על עיברין no sanctification takes effect on embryos (by the dedication of the mothers). Nazir 7, 1 נזיר שאין קְדוּשָּׁתוֹ קדושת עולם the Nazarite whose sanctification is not an everlasting one (it ceasing with the expiration of his vow). Chagigah 3ᵇ ק׳ ראשונה קִדְּשָׁהּ לשעתה as to the first consecration (of the holy land by Joshua), he consecrated it only for the time being (as long as inhabited and ruled by Israelites); Megillah 10ᵇ, and the following; Zevachim 60ᵇ; and elsewhere—Horayoth 13ᵃ זה גדל עמנו בק׳ וזה לא וכ׳ the one (the nathin, see נָתִין) has grown up with us in holiness (under the influences of the Jewish religion), and the other (the proselyte) has not etc. Sanhedrin 58ᵃ לידתו בק׳ born in holiness (after his mother’s conversion); Yevamoth 98ᵃ, see הוֹרָת; and very frequently sanctification, proclaiming the holiness of the Lord, solemn public act connected with the idea of Israel’s priesthood. Megillah 23ᵇ; Berachoth 21ᵇ כל דבר שבק׳ לא יהא וכ׳ no sacred public act should be performed with less than ten persons.—Esp. קְדוּשַּׁת הַשֵּׁם a) sanctification of the Name, fidelity to the Jewish faith, martyrdom. the same place (ibid.) 20ᵃ מסרי נפשייהו אק׳ ה׳, see מְסַר. Sanhedrin 74ᵇ מצווה על ק׳ ה׳ bound to sanctify the Name (with his life); and frequently—b) ק׳ השם, or קדושה the third section of the Prayer of Benedictions (תְּפִלָּה), praising the holiness of the Lord; the appeal to the congregation to join in the ‘holy, holy etc.’ (see קָדוֹשׁ). Rosh Hashanah 4, 5 סדר ברכות … וק׳ ה׳ the order of the benedictions (for the New Year’s Day) is: Aboth (see אָב), G’buroth (see גְּבוּרָה) and the sanctification. Berachoth 21ᵇ עד שלא יגיע … ק׳ before the reader reaches the ḳ’dushshah. the same place (ibid.) אין היחיד אומר ק׳ one praying alone should not recite the ḳ’dushshah; and frequently—קדושת היום (ק׳ שבת, ק׳ יום טוב), also ק׳ declaration of the sanctity of the day (the Sabbath etc.) in prayer or at meals. Rosh Hashanah the passage cited ק׳ היום that section of the Prayer of Benedictions which closes with the benediction ‘who sanctifiest the day etc.’ Betzah 15ᵇ לוו עלי וקדשו ק׳ היום וכ׳ borrow on my (the Lord’s) account and celebrate the sanctity of the day, and trust me etc. Berachoth 33ᵇ בין ק׳ שבת לק׳ יו"ט הבדלת thou hast made a distinction between the way of sanctifying the Sabbath and that of sanctifying the Holy Day. Pesachim 105ᵃ ק׳ על הכוס the proclamation of the sanctity of the Day over a cup of wine (קִידּוּשׁ); and frequently—plural קְדוּשּׁוֹת. Kelim 1, 6 עשר ק׳ הן there are ten degrees of territorial sanctity. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵃ top; Tanchuma K’dosh. 4 (referring to Joshua 24, 19) שהוא קדוש בכל מיני ק׳ וכ׳ he is holy in all kinds of holy acts, for all his doings are in holiness, his speech is in holiness etc. Vayikra Rabbah section 24 שלש ק׳ three times ‘holy’, see כָּתַר; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 272. Berachoth 33ᵃ אנשי … ק׳ והבדלות the men of the Great Assembly instituted for Israel blessings (on enjoyments of food etc.), daily prayers, sanctification of sacred days (over wine), and the blessing at the exit of sacred days (see הַבְדָּלָה); and frequently a title, his holiness. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 6, end, 40ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 19ᵃ top (in irony) לקדושת חנניה to his holiness Hanania (who had usurped the functions of the Palestine authorities). ↗ original

קְדוּשְׁתָּא construct state קְדוּשַּׁת. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 21, 9. Targum Ezekiel 16, 11.—Megillah 27ᵇ בית … דקביע קְדוּשְׁתֵּיה (Munich manuscript קדושתא; supply (understood word) זמן) a synagogue whose sacred character is permanent; ארבע … קְדוּשְׁתַּיְיהוּ the four cubits surrounding a synagogue whose sacredness is not permanent (as it would cease with the removal of the synagogue). Bechoroth 3ᵇ מפקע להו מקדושתייהו he deprives them of their sacred character; and elsewhere ↗ original

קָדַח to bore, perforate, penetrate. Shabbath 12, 1 הקוֹדֵחַ וכ׳ he who bores a hole ever so small. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 11 (12), 3 עד שיִקְדַּח את כולו until he bores as far as is needed for his purpose; Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 6, 33ᵇ top of the page Vayikra Rabbah section 4 נטל … והתחיל קוֹדֵחַ תחתיו one of the passengers of the ship took a borer and began to bore under the place assigned to him; לא תחתי אני קודח have I no right to bore in my place? Avodah Zarah 58ᵃ, see מֵינֶקֶת; and frequently—[Tosefta Bava Bathra 5, 4 קודח edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), read: קוֹנֵחַ.] (Biblical Hebrew; to burn, rise in a column and spread sparks; [Biblical Hebrew also to enkindle]. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 6, 5ᶜ top (referring to Mishnah Bava Kamma 6, 4) בקוֹדַחַת … אבל במקטפת וכ׳ the Mishnah speaks of a fire which (unexpectedly) blazes up and spreads, but in the case of a creeping fire all agree etc.; Babylonian Bava Kamma 61ᵃ בקודחת Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בקולחת). Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְדִּיחַ to cut out, make an opening. Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 2, 58ᵃ bottom of the page ה׳ לו … ככברה the Lord made for him an opening (in the clouds) of the size of a K’barah (see כְּבָרָה), and the moon became visible within it. to cause burning, to spoil a dish, a dye etc. Bava Kamma 9, 4 (100ᵇ) הִקְדִּיחָתוֹ יורה (Babylonian edition הִקְדִּיחוֹ), see יוֹרֶה 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, 6ᵈ bottom of the page שהִקְדִּיחוּ סממנין when the dyes burned the material, אבל הִקְדִּיחָה יורה וכ׳ but if the boiler burned etc. Eruvin 53ᵇ הִקְדִּיחָתָן במלח she spoiled them (the beans) by oversalting. Gittin 9, 10 אפי׳ הקדיחה תבשילו if she spoiled a dish for him (he may divorce her). Betzah 29ᵃ כדי שלא יַקְדִּיחַ תבשילו so as not to spoil his dish (by spicing it too much or too little); Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) שלא יַקְדִּיחוּ וכ׳ that they (the spices) may not burn etc. Tosefta Bava Kamma 10, 9 המוליך … והִקְדִּיחוֹ if one gives meat to a cook, and he spoils it; and frequently—Transferred ה׳ תבשילו to misapply learning, disgrace one’s education; to degenerate. Berachoth 17ᵇ לא יהא … שמַקְדִּיחַ ת׳ ברבים that we may not have a son or a pupil that disgraces his education in public; Sanhedrin 103ᵃ to have fever. Sifra Bechukkothai Parah 2, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4 נוח לו ואינו מקדיח he is comfortable and has no fever; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 673.—[Tosefta Maasroth 1, 2 משיקדיחו edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), see קָרַח.] ↗ original

קְדַח to bore, perforate. Targum Job 40, 25 (edition Vilna edition תַּקְדַח Af'el).—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 10 למִקְדַּח, see חֲרַז. [to break through,] to grow forth, sprout. Berachoth 56ᵃ חזן … דקַדְחָא וכ׳ I saw (in my dream) a pomegranate sprouting through the mouth of a wine jar. Bava Bathra 28ᵇ דקַדְחָה ואכלה וכ׳ Munich manuscript (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דקדח, edition דקדיח) it (clover or grass) grew forth, and he made use of it, and as it grew again (the next day), he made use of it etc. Chullin 110ᵃ קדְחֵי, see חִילְפָא 3. Sanhedrin 109ᵇ (Sodomitic justice) הבה … עד דקדחא (Munich manuscript דקדחה) give him the ass (whose ear he had cut off), until its ear is grown again; and elsewhere to be inflamed. Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ דקדחה לה עינא her eye was inflamed. Chagigah 5ᵃ קדחה her knee was burned. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְדַּח to dig out, make a path for. [Targum Job the passage cited, see above.]—Moed Katan 4ᵇ לאַקְדּוּחֵי נהר וכ׳ to clean the canal of B. (in the festive week). ↗ original

קֶדַח (the preceding) inflammation, blister. Nega'im 6, 8; 8, 5; Sifra Thazr., Nega'im, Chaldaic (Aramaic) I קרח (correct accordingly); and frequently, see מָרַד 2. ↗ original

קִדְחָא , inflammation. Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ דימעתא וקי׳ tearing and inflammation of the eyes; Betzah 22ᵃ קדחא Munich manuscript (edition קדחתא). ↗ original

קַדְחוּתָא (the preceding) = Biblical Hebrew קַדַּחַת fever. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 26, 16 קַדַּחְ׳ edition Berlin edition (edition Vienna edition קָדַחְ׳); Yerushalmi (prefix) קַדְחוּ׳; Targum Deuteronomy 28, 22. inflammation of the eye, see the preceding—5. קְדִיחוּתָא. ↗ original

קדי to bow. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 35 edition Buber edition (missing in other editions) בראשי אני כופף וקוֹרֶה וכ׳ (I praise God) with my head, when I bend and bow in my prayer; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 723 רופפו וקורא וכ׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original

*קְדֵי , Af'el אַקְדֵּי (compare the preceding, a. meanings of גבב; compare Syriac (Peshitta) קרי, Brockelm. 312) to pile up. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 1, 16 edition Berlin edition דמַקְדִין (edition Vienna edition a. Yerushalmi (prefix) דמוֹקְדִין; frequently יקד (?); edition Lsb. דמוֹשְׁדִין, frequently אֲשַׁד; see Berlin edition Targum Onkelos 2, p. 32). ↗ original

קַדְיָא Ḳadia, name of an unclean bird, Little Owl (?). Targum Onkelos Leviticus 11, 17; Deuteronomy 14, 16 edition Berlin edition a. early editions (later editions קריא; Hebrew text כּוֹס, see צַדְיָא 2).—Berachoth 57ᵇ קד׳ Munich manuscript (edition קר׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8); Niddah 23ᵃ manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim the passage cited; edition קר׳). ↗ original

קדיא , Targum Proverbs 17, 14 edition Lagarde edition quid? (edition אצטדיא; Levy Targum Dictionary קריא, see קַרְיָא I). ↗ original

קְדִידָה , see קְדִירָה ↗ original

קְדִיחַ , see קְדַח ↗ original

קְדִיחוּתָא (קְדַח) burning, inflammation. Targum Psalms 38, 8 manuscript (edition קְדִיחֲתָא; Hebrew text נקלה, see קָלָה 2). ↗ original

קָדִים with רוּחַ, or supply (understood word) רוח, east wind. Mechilta Beshallach section 4; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 300. Kelim 20, 2 הניחה … בק׳ וכ׳ if he exposed the trough to the east wind, and it cracked. Gittin 3, 8 בק׳ של מוצאי החג (Babylonian edition 31ᵃ בקדום) after an east wind following the end of the Succoth festival; the same place (ibid.) 31ᵇ בקִידּוּם; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְדִים , see קֳדָם ↗ original

קְדִימָה (קָדַם) antecedent, early period.—plural קְדִימוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 1 (referring to Proverbs 8, 22-29) as the builder needs six things … כך התורה קדמה אותן שש ק׳ וכ׳ so the Torah preceded creation by these six early periods, ḳedem, meaz etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 942. ↗ original

קְדִימְתָּא = Hebrew קָדִים, east wind. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 3, end, 45ᵇ (not קדמיתא), see קְטַף I. ↗ original

קדיקה , Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 10 בכל ק׳, read: בכְלֶקְדִּיקָה, see גְּלוּגְדְּקָא ↗ original

קְדֵירָא , see קִדְרָא ↗ original

קְדֵירָה , see קְדֵרָה ↗ original

קְדִירָה (קָדַר) round segment, hole. Chullin 57ᵇ קְדִירַת קנה בכמה (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Rashi manuscript קְדִידַת) how large must a hole in the windpipe be (to make the animal ṭ’refah)? ↗ original

קדירתא , Esther Rabbah to 1, 2, read: קתִידְרָא. ↗ original

קַדִּישׁ = Hebrew קָדוֹשׁ, holy, sacred, pure. Targum Numbers 16, 5 (some edition O. קַדֵּישׁ, קַדֵּשׁ). Targum Isaiah 1, 4. the same place (ibid.) 57, 15; and frequently—[Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 11, 7, read: קַרִישׁ.]—Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 118, 8, see עִיר I. Megillah 27ᵇ מעיר … מעיקרא ק׳ השתא נמי ק׳ if you sell a sacred object to be taken from a large town to a small place, it was sacred (used for public services) before, and is so now. Berachoth 9ᵇ העיד … משום קהלא ק׳ וכ׳ R. J. … declared in behalf of the holy congregation of Jerusalem; and frequently—Sanhedrin 109ᵇ see below.—plural קַדִּישִׁין, קַדִּישַׁיָּא, קַדִּישֵׁי; קַדִּישָּׁתָא. Targum Numbers 16, 3; and frequently—Sanhedrin the passage cited ירענא דכולהו כנישתא קדישי נינהו Munich manuscript (edition קדישתא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) I know that the whole congregation are holy. Pesachim 113ᵇ בחייהן דרבנן ק׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript by the life of the holy (revered) Rabbis in the land of Israel (see קְדוּשָּׁה end); and elsewhere—[ קַדִּישׁ, קַדִּישָׁא Ḳaddish, the doxology beginning with יתגדל ויתקדש וכ׳ magnified and sanctified be his great name. Treatise Sof’rim 10, 7; and elsewhere] ↗ original

קַדִּישָׁא 2 ring, see קָדָשָׁא. ↗ original

קְדָל (compare קדד) hindpart of the head with neck, neck, back (corresp. to Hebrew עֹרֶף). Targum Onkelos Leviticus 5, 8 קְדָלֵיה; Yerushalmi (prefix) קוּדְלֵיה, קִדְ׳, קְרָ׳. Targum Genesis 49, 8; and frequently—Shemoth Rabbah section 51 (referring to Exodus 33, 8) they said חמו קְדַל בריה וכ׳ see the (fat) neck of Amram’s son! Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 5, 63ᵃ bottom of the page קְדָלֵיה דר"מ, see פִּיקְיָילִין. Vayikra Rabbah section 28 אנא מימיך לך ק׳ וכ׳ I shall lower my back for thee, tread upon me and mount the horse; and elsewhere—plural קְדָלִין, קְדָלֵי. Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 665 (not קדרון), see עָרְפָּא.—קרלי דחזירי bacon. Megillah 13ᵃ, see כּוֹתְלָא. ↗ original

קדלהי , Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 801, see קַלְרָהִי ↗ original

קָדַם (Biblical Hebrew) [to bend, go forward,] to advance, precede; to anticipate. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, 74ᵃ bottom of the page צפה … מוטב שיִקְדּוֹם … לכספו וכ׳ the Lord foresaw that Haman the wicked would weigh his silver for Israel’s destruction (Esther 3, 9), and he said, it is better that my children’s silver (the half-Shekel, Exodus 30, 11 and the following) anticipate Haman’s silver (to act as a protection from evil designs); the same place (ibid.) 1, 70ᵈ bottom of the page שיַּקְדִּים (Hif'il). Sifra Vayiḳra, Ḥob., Parah 3, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 5, see below. Bereshith Rabbah section 1 ששה דברים קָדְמוּ וכ׳ six things preceded the creation of the world. the same place (ibid.) איני יודע איזה מהן קוֹדֵם אם התורה קָדְמָה וכ׳ I know not yet, which of them was first, whether the Torah was created before the throne of glory etc. the same place (ibid.) התורה קדמה וכ׳, see קְרִימָה. Chullin 100ᵃ, and the following ק׳ וסלקו he removed it first (before putting in other pieces). Sanhedrin 38ᵃ; Vayikra Rabbah section 14, beginning יתוש קְדָמְךָ, see יַתּוּשׁ. Bava Metzia 2, 11 אבדתו … אבדתו קוֹדֶמֶת if a man’s own loss and his father’s loss are to be attended to, his own has the precedence; the same place (ibid.) שלו קודמת (Babylonian edition 33ᵃ קודם). Avoth 3, 9 כל … קודמת לחכמתו וכ׳ he to whom fear of sin comes before his learning, his learning will endure. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 9, 42ᶜ bottom of the page חיי העיר הזאת קוֹדְמִין וכ׳ the supply of provisions for the people of one’s own town has the precedence over etc. Kelim 25, 4, see כַּתְּ; and frequently [. נִקְדָּם , Taanith 20ᵃ נקדמה, see נָקַד I .] Pi'el פִּעֵל קִדֵּם to get the start of. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, end, 64ᵈ שלא יְקַדְּמֶנּוּ אחר lest another man get ahead of him (in proposing to a woman he desires to marry); Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 5, 63ᵃ bottom of the page Sifré Deuteronomy 34 לא קִידְּמוּם מצוות וכ׳ no other commands were promulgated before them; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְדִּים to advance; to do first; to anticipate, provide against. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah the passage cited לפיכך מַקְדִּימִין וקירין וכ׳ therefore we read the section of Sh’ḳalim first (before the first of Adar, and before the Sabbath Zakhor); Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 13ᵇ לפיכך ה׳ שקליהן וכ׳ therefore the Lord ordered their Shekels in anticipation of his (Haman’s) Shekels, see above. the same place (ibid.) 30ᵃ מקדימין לשבת שעברה we read it the Sabbath before, opposite מאחרין. the same place (ibid.) when Purim falls on a Friday, מקדימין פרשת זכור we read the section Zakhor on the Sabbath previous. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 8, 22ᵈ bottom of the page ה׳ לו שכרי if he paid the builder in advance. Zevachim 106ᵃ (referring to Leviticus 4, 12) שיהא שם דשן שיַקְדִּים לשם דשן this means that ashes must be there, that he must first have put ashes there; Sifra Vayikra the passage cited שׁיִקְדּוׄם; and frequently—ה׳ שלום to salute first. Berachoth 6ᵇ כל שיודע … יקדים לו שלום he who knows his neighbor to be in the habit of greeting him, should salute him first. the same place (ibid.) 17ᵃ לא הִקְדִּימוֹ אדם וכ׳ never was a man the first in saluting him, not even a stranger etc. Shemoth Rabbah section 23 באו … להַקְדִּים שירה the angels came wanting to be the first to offer song; יַקְדִּימוּ בני תחלה let my children be the first; and very frequently—participle passive מוּקְדָּם; feminine מוּקְדֶּמֶת; plural מוּקְדָּמִים etc. Pesachim 6ᵇ, and frequently אין מ׳ ומאוחר וכ׳, see אָחַר. Shevi'ith 10, 5, see פְּרוֹזְבּוּל. the same place (ibid.) שטרי חוב המ׳ antedated notes of indebtedness. M. Mets. 5, 10 נתן עיניו … זו היא רבית מ׳ if he intends to borrow money, and he sends his neighbor a gift and says, ‘in order to make thee inclined to lend me money’,—this is interest paid in advance; and frequently—2) to be early, zealous. Nazir 23ᵇ, and elsewhere לעולם יקדים אדם לדבר וכ׳ man should always be anxious to do a good deed as early as possible. Pesachim 4ᵃ, and elsewhere מקדימין וכ׳, see זָרִיז; and frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 5, 22ᵈ top שמקדימין העליון, read: שמקדירין or שמקדרין, see קָדַר I.] ↗ original

קְדַם ; Pa'el קַדֵּם to precede; to do early, be early, first. Targum Psalms 69, 32 דקַדִּימוּ קרנוי וכ׳ (some edition דקָדִ׳) whose horns grew prior to its hoofs. Targum Genesis 19, 2; and frequently—Berachoth 8ᵃ מְקַדְּמֵי וכ׳; קַדִּימוּ וחשיכו, see חֲשַׁךְ I. Tamid 27ᵇ וקַדֵּים וכ׳, see הֲשַׁךְ I; and elsewhere to go before, come to meet. Targum Psalms 88, 14. the same place (ibid.) 79, 8 יקדמון לן manuscript (edition לך, correct accordingly); and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְדֵּים to be early. Targum Genesis 26, 31. Targum I Samuel 17, 16; and frequently to precede, anticipate. Targum Job 41, 3; and elsewhere to get the start of; to prevent. Targum Psalms 17, 13; and elsewhere—3) to be earlier than, be quick in doing. the same place (ibid.) 119, 147, and the following; and frequently—Shabbath 119ᵃ אי רגיליתו לאַקְדּוּמֵי … אַקְדִּימוּ if you are accustomed to take an early meal, make it later (on the Sabbath), and if you are used to dine late, dine earlier. the same place (ibid.) 151ᵇ when a poor man comes, אַקְדִּים … דליקַדְּמוּ וכ׳ be quick in giving him bread, in order that people may be ready to do so to thy children. to give preference to. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 18ᶜ bottom of the page אַקִדְּמוּן ליה … בעיבור they preferred a certain old man to him at the session for intercalation; Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 2, 58ᵇ top; and elsewhere ↗ original

קֶדֶם (Biblical Hebrew) olden time, (adverb) before, see קוֹדֶם. ↗ original

קֶדֶם ² Targum Ezekiel 38, 17; and elsewhere ↗ original

קָדָם (the preceding) [precedence,] (prepos. of time and place) before. Targum Genesis 29, 26. the same place (ibid.) 43, 29; and frequently—With suffix of personal pronoun mostly in plural Targum Proverbs 23, 1 קָדָמָךְ edition Lagarde edition (other edition קָדָמָיִךְ). Targum Psalms 96, 9 מן קֳדָמוֹי. the same place (ibid.) 8 לִקְדָמוֹי; and frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 37 נפק … קדמוי וכ׳ a proclamation went before him, and all the people came out to meet him. Echah Rabbah to 3, 16; and frequently (conj.) a) ere, before; b) מן ק׳ since, because(Hebrew . Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 13, 10 ק׳ עד לא. Targum Proverbs 8, 23. the same place (ibid.) 25 manuscript (edition קְדִים); and frequently—Targum Onkelos a. Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 Exodus 19, 18 מן ק׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) I מן בגלל).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 12, 13ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 19ᵃ bottom of the page קרבת קַדְמָנָא she came before us; ורקת קדמנא and spat in our presence; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 82ᵃ bottom of the page קוּדְמֵינָא; Yevamoth 39ᵇ; and elsewhere—5. קַדְמִין. ↗ original

קַדְמָאָה , see קַדְמַי ↗ original

קַדְמוֹן the preceding words) ancient, originator. Bereshith Rabbah section 38 (play on מקדם, Genesis 11, 2) מקַדְמוֹנוֹ וכ׳, see נָסַע; the same place (ibid.) section 41. ↗ original

קַדְמוֹנָאָה , see קַדְמַי ↗ original

קַדְמוֹנִי the preceding words) ancient, first, primeval. Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 אדם הק׳ (usually הראשון) the first man. Bereshith Rabbah section 22 נחש הק׳ the ancient serpent (of Eden); and frequently ↗ original

קַדְמוּתָא (the preceding words) previous condition. Targum Job 42, 12.—Bechoroth 31ᵃ זיל לקַדְמוּתֵיה (read אזל) he went back to his former condition (resigned his office). early morning. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ ושנייה בק׳ וכ׳ and he solved that problem the next morning by reference to a Boraitha. the first time. Devarim Rabbah section 1, beginning קַדְמוּתֵיךְ היא תניינותיך היא is this thy first or thy second offence?; the same place (ibid.) קַדְמוּתְכוֹן וכ׳ is it your first etc.?; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 392 קדמתכון (correct accordingly). לְקַדָּמוּת, לִקְדָמוּת, לָקֳדָמוּת = Hebrew לקראת to meet, towards. Targum Exodus 19, 17. Targum Psalms 59, 5; and frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 37 יפקון … לקדָּמוּתִי let all the people (of the place) come out to meet me. the same place (ibid.) לקדָּמוּתֵיה, see קֳדָם. (adverb) first, in front. Targum Onkelos Genesis 33, 2 edition Berlin edition, see next word ↗ original

קַדְמַי (the preceding words) first, former, previous. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 1, 5 (edition Vienna edition קֳרָמָי). Targum Isaiah 8, 23. Targum Psalms 92, 1 אדם ק׳ (see קַדְמוֹנִי). Targum Genesis 25, 25; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) B. Hash. 2, 58ᵇ top כהנא אתמני קדמיי מן וכ׳ K. was appointed (member of the court) before R. Jacob; עאל … ק׳ מיניה לעיבורא but R. J. entered the meeting for intercalation before him. Echah Rabbah to 3, 7 ק׳ מנהון, see קְרַץ 2; and elsewhere—plural קַדְמָאִין, קַדְמַיִין, קֳדָמָאֵי, קַדְ׳. Targum Job 29, 2 (edition Vilna edition קַדְמָיָן, read מָיִן …). the same place (ibid.) 8, 8. Targum Jeremiah 16, 18; and frequently—Targum Job 18, 20 קדמאי manuscript (edition קַדְמוֹנָאֵי).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 21ᵈ bottom of the page אי הוון ק׳ מלאכים וכ׳ (not בני מל׳) if our ancestors were angels, we are human beings, and if they were human etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, beginning 48ᶜ קדְמָאיֵי; Bereshith Rabbah section 60; and elsewhere—Fem. קַדְמֵיתָא, קַדְמַיְיתָא. Targum Jeremiah 25, 1. Targum Isaiah 43, 2 בק׳ in ancient times. Targum Onkelos Genesis 11, 2 בק׳ (Hebrew text מקדם). the same place (ibid.) 33, 2 קַדְמֵתָא edition Amsterdam edition edition Vienna edition קדמאין; (edition Berlin edition קַדְמוּתָא; Yerushalmi (prefix) בק׳ דמיתא) in front; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, beginning 63ᶜ היא דעתיה … ק׳ היא וכ׳ R. Eliezer’s opinion in the former quotation (Mishnah) is the same as in the latter. the same place (ibid.) בק׳ in the early prayer (שחרית). Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 5, end, 19ᵃ (in a defective passage) מה בינה לק׳ what is the difference between this and the former case? Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 6, end, 40ᵃ ק׳ ואיקרון when the first (of the three letters) was read, he showed them honor; and elsewhere—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 3, end, 45ᵇ, read: קְדִימְתָּא.] ↗ original

קַדְמִין (the preceding words) beginning, olden days. Targum Onkelos Genesis 1, 1. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 33, 27 מִלְּקַ׳ (edition Berlin edition מִלְקָ׳); Yerushalmi (prefix) מן לק׳ from of old. Targum Onkelos Genesis 3, 15. the same place (ibid.) 31, 2 ומִדְּקַדְּמוֹהִי (edition Berlin edition מִדְּקָמוֹהִי) and before yesterday (Yerushalmi (prefix) כִדְקָדְמוֹי); and frequently front; east. Targum Onkelos Genesis 3, 24. Targum Isaiah 2, 6 כמלקדמין as in the east (or: as in former times?); and elsewhere ↗ original

קַדְמֵתָא = קַדְמֵיתָא, see קַדְמַי ↗ original

קַדְמְתָא (the preceding words) past time; only in מן קַדְמַת דנא, or מִלְּקַ׳ before this. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 28, 19 (O. בקדמיתא, edition Berlin edition מלקדמין; Hebrew text לראשונה). Targum Ezekiel 38, 17; and elsewhere—Taanith 12ᵃ early morning. Bava Metzia 30ᵇ.—[Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 392 קדמתכון, see קדְמוּתָא.] ↗ original

*קַדְקַד (compare נָקד I) to speckle. participle passive מְקַדְקַד; plural מְקַדְקְדִין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 31, 10; 12 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition גביהון חיורין). ↗ original

קָדְקֹד head, skull, vertex; summit. Nega'im 10, 10, and elsewhere, see גַּבַּחַת. Menachoth 37ᵃ בין עיניך זו ק׳ ‘between thy eyes’ (Deuteronomy 6, 8), that means the vertex; explained the same place (ibid.) מקום וכ׳ the place on the head where the child’s brain is seen to pulsate; (Sifré Deuteronomy 35 בגובה של ראש); Eruvin 95ᵇ. Bereshith Rabbah section 62, end בא מקָדְקֳדוֹ של מדבר he came all the way from the highest point of the desert. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 23, 4 (explained גיא צלמות the same place (ibid.)) בק׳ של מדבר; and elsewhere—plural קָדְקֳדִים. Vayikra Rabbah section 9; section 25, and elsewhere בקָדְקֳדֵי ראשיהן by the tops of their heads. ↗ original

קָדְקְדָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 33, 16, Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 33, 16. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I the same place (ibid.) 20.—Bechoroth 43ᵇ ק׳ דבישרא וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קרקורא) a hump in which there is no bone, is merely an elevation of flesh (swelling). ↗ original

קָדְקוֹד , see the preceding words ↗ original

קָדַר 1 (compare כָּדַר, גָּדַר, גָּדַד) to cut around, perforate, cut out. Shabbath 116ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 16, 15ᶜ bottom of the page קוֹדֵר (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קוֹדֵד), see אַזְכָּרָה. Sanhedrin 103ᵇ מנשה ק׳ וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קדר) Manasseh cut the divine names out (of the Scriptures). Kiddushin 22ᵇ קוֹדֵד ויורד וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition דוקד והולך) one must bore (through the slave’s ear) until the door is reached. Chullin 77ᵃ כל שהרופא קוֹדְרוֹ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Munich manuscript correct. קוֹדְדוֹ, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) such flesh as the physician cuts out; and elsewhere—participle passive (קָדוּד) קָדוּר. Avodah Zarah 32ᵃ (explained עור לבוב) כל שקרוע … וק׳ וכ׳ a hide which is slit open opposite the heart and cut out like an air-hole; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4 (5), 7 כל שק׳ כנגד לבו variant reading edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (text שנקוב, other edition שקרוע). ʿUktsin 2, 4 קְדוּרָה (edition Dehr. קְדוּדָה) cut into, opposite שלמה. Pi'el פִּעֵל (קִדֵּד) קִדֵּר to cut through; (in measuring distances) to estimate the level distance between two places separated by mountains. Eruvin 5, 4 (58ᵃ) שמעתי שמְקַדְּרִין בהרים (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Venice שמְקַדְּדִין; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 90) I have heard a tradition that in measuring Sabbath distances elevations are considered as cut through. the same place (ibid.) 58ᵇ כיצד מְקַדְּרִין וכ׳ how is the measuring done to obtain the tunnel distance? He who stands below holds the rope against his heart, while he who stands above holds the other end of the rope against his feet. the same place (ibid.) אין מקדרין אלא בחבל וכ׳ only a rope of four cubits can be used for measuring etc. the same place (ibid.) אין מקדרין לא בעגלה וכ׳ this method of measuring distances is not applied in the case of a slain body found in the field (see עֶגְלָה), or for cities of refuge. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6 (5), 11 מְקַדֵּר ועולה מק׳ ויורד וכ׳ we go up measuring the air-line and down again (on the other side), and consider the elevation as if it were cut through before us. Eruvin 58ᵃ מַקְדִּיר ועולה וכ׳; Tosefta the passage cited 12 מקדר. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, 22ᵈ (repeatedly מְקַדְּדִין). the same place (ibid.) מקדימין (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 5, 20ᵇ bottom of the page מקדדין; Yerushalmi (prefix) Makkoth 2, end, 32ᵃ מקדרין; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 13, 36ᵇ top מקדר ויוצא וכ׳ he may cut his way through the vines and get out (see פָּסַג).—[Pesachim 11ᵇ מקדרין, read: מקרדין, see קָרַד.] (denominative of קָדֵר or קַדָּר) to make pots, pretend to be a potter. Ruth Rabbah to 1, 1 (section 2), see קַדָּרוּת. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְדִּיר to cut through; to penetrate. Eruvin 58ᵃ, see above. Niddah 56ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6, 13 מַקְדִּיר, see גָּלַד; [perh. frequently קָדַר 2, becomes dull]. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְדַּר to be cut out. Chullin 77ᵃ נ׳ כמין טבעת (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) נִקְדַּד) if the flesh over a fracture is cut out like a ring. the same place (ibid.) 57ᵇ רחל … שנ׳ קנה שלה וכ׳ a lamb … whose windpipe was perforated, and they inserted a tube of reed, and it recovered. ↗ original

קְדַר , to penetrate. Menachoth 83ᵃ בשר אגב דשמין קָדֵיר (Munich manuscript קריר, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) meat being fat penetrates (the fat is communicated to an object with which it comes in contact); Zevachim 98ᵃ משום דקריר (Manuscript Karlsruhe דקדיר; Manuscript Rome 1 דקריד; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 6). the same place (ibid.) 79ᵇ שאני רוק דקדיר Munich manuscript (edition דקריר; Manuscript Rome 2 a. Manuscript Karlsruhe דקריד; Manuscript Rome 1 דקרור) it is different with saliva, because it penetrates. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַדֵּר to measure level distances. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 1, end, 64ᵇ מאן דמְקַדֵּר וכ׳, see שִׁגְרוֹנַיָּיה. Ithpeel נִפְעַל (אִתְקְדַד) אִתְקְדַר to be caved or arched. Targum Esther 8, 10 אִתְקַדְּרוּ פיסת וכ׳ (edition Lagarde edition אתקדדו) the soles of their feet were arched (so that they, in running, touched the ground only with their toes). ↗ original

קָדַר 2 compare Arab. ḳaḍar) [to be soiled,] to be dull black; in a transferred sense to be sad. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְדִּיר to become, or be black. Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 2, 50ᵇ top שחור מַקְדִּיר a dull black color, opposite מצחצח shining. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 10, 12ᶜ bottom of the page היו פניו של ר׳ מַקְדִּירוֹת Rabbi’s face darkened (he grew sad). Bereshith Rabbah section 12 הרשעים … ופניהם מקדירות וכ׳ in the future world the statures of the wicked shall be bent (their pride broken), and their faces shall be sad. ↗ original

קְדַר ² Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 28, 15.—[Yalkut Shimoni Job 901 וקדיר יתיה, read as Vayikra Rabbah section 22: ומקים.] Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקַדֵּר to become black. Targum Song of Songs 1, 5. Targum Lamentations 5, 10. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 2. ↗ original

קֵדָר (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun Kedar, name of a tribe of Arabs. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 5 (Shemoth Rabbah section 23 ישמעאלים). Betzah 20ᵇ צאן ק׳ sheep from Kedar; and elsewhere—Denom. קִדְרִי; plural קִדְרִיִּים. Taanith 5ᵇ ק׳ עובדין למים the Kedarites worship water. ↗ original

קַדָּר (see next word) (compare כַּדָּר) potter. Tohoroth 7, 1.—plural קַדָּרִים, קַדָּרִין. Bamidbar Rabbah section 16, beginning (referring to חרש, Joshua 2, 1, see חֶרֶס I) עשו עצמן ק׳ וכ׳ they pretended to be potters and called out, who wants pots?; Tanchuma Sh’laḥ 1; Yalkut Shimoni Joshua 7; [Ruth Rabbah to 1, 1 (section 2), see קַדָּרוּת]. Bereshith Rabbah section 86 ק׳ בכפר וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קרוזים) will you import potters to K’far Ḥanina? (Matt. K. קְדֵרִים pots); see גַּזָּז. ↗ original

קָדֵר (קָדֵר 1) pot. Pesachim 41ᵃ צלי ק׳ roasted through the heat of the pot. Megillah 7ᵇ, see צָלִי; and elsewhere—plural קְדֵרִים, see the preceding ↗ original

קְדַר ³ Targum Onkelos Numbers 11, 8 (Hebrew text פרור). Targum Micah 3, 3 (Hebrew text קלחת); and frequently—Targum Joel 2, 6; Targum Jeremiah 8, 21, and elsewhere, see אִכְרוּם.—Vayikra Rabbah section 19, beginning יהבינון בקי׳ חדתא he put them (the young ravens) into a new pot. Esther Rabbah to 3, 6 (proverb) נפלה כיפה ק׳ ווי לק׳ וכ׳ if the stone falls on the pot, woe to the pot; if the pot falls on the stone, woe to the pot; (Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1054 נפל קופה לקדרה וכ׳). Eruvin 3ᵃ, and elsewhere ק׳ דשותפי, see חַמִּים; and frequently—Transferred intestines, rectum, bladder. Berachoth 62ᵇ עד דרתחא קִדְרָךְ וכ׳ while thy pot is hot, empty it (do not delay discharge). Shabbath 33ᵃ נפישי קטילי קדר וכ׳ more numerous are those killed by the pot (by delay of discharge) than those killed by starvation.—[Bamidbar Rabbah section 7; Vayikra Rabbah section 18 לקדרא some edition, see קַרְדָּא.]—plural קִדְרִין, קִדְרַיָּא, קִי׳, קְדֵירָתָא. Targum 2 Chronicles 35, 13. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 31, 23.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᶜ bottom of the page; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְדֵרָה , pot, contents of the pot, dish. Chullin 8, 3 אם יש … באותה ק׳ if there is enough milk to give a taste to the entire contents of the pot. Avodah Zarah 67ᵇ, and frequently ק׳ בת יומא, see יוֹמָא. Shemoth Rabbah section 1; Sotah 11ᵃ (referring to Exodus 18, 11) בק׳ שבישלו, see בָּשַׁל. the same place (ibid.) מאי משמע דהאי זדו לישנא דק׳ הוא what is your evidence that this zadu (Exodus the passage cited) has the meaning of cooking in the pot? Pesachim 112ᵃ לא תבשל בק׳ וכ׳ cook not in a pot which thy neighbor has used, i.e. marry not a divorced woman. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 8, beginning 26ᵃ בשל … השחירה הקדרה וכ׳ when the semen within begins to boil, the pot blackens without (the hair grows); and frequently—Transferred skull. Chullin 45ᵃ כל מה שבק׳, see מוֹחַ. the same place (ibid.), and the following כמין שני … על פי הק׳ two bean-like glands lie at the mouth of the skull (at the end of the cerebellum).—plural קְדֵרוֹת, קְדֵי׳. Pesachim 30ᵃ; Zevachim 95ᵇ ק׳ בפסח ישברו earthen pots in which leavened matter has been cooked on Passover, must be broken. Bamidbar Rabbah section 16, and elsewhere, see קַדָּר; and frequently ↗ original

קדרו , see קַרְדּוּ I ↗ original

קדרום , see קַדְרוֹס ↗ original

קִדְרוֹן (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun, נחל ק׳ Torrent (or Brook) of Kidron, near Jerusalem. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 67ᵃ top, and elsewhere, see קִשְׁקֵשׁ I. ↗ original

קַדְרוֹן Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 8, 4, see קַרְדּוּ I ↗ original

קדרון , Echah Rabbah to 1, 16 ק׳ גלוסקאן some edition, read: קֶרֶן.—Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 665 חמי ק׳, read: קְדָלִין. ↗ original

קִדְרוֹנִין , see קַדְרִינוֹן ↗ original

קַדְרוֹס 1 (κέδρος) cedar. Targum Onkelos Genesis 6, 14 (Hebrew text גפר).—Rosh Hashanah 23ᵃ (among the species of ארז) ק׳ Munich manuscript 2 (Munich manuscript 1 קדרום; edition קתרום, קתרוס; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) notes 50, 60). ↗ original

קַדְרוֹס 2 proper noun of a male person, see קַתְרוֹס 2 ↗ original

קַדָּרוּת (denominative of קַדָּר) potter’s trade. Ruth Rabbah to 1, 1 (section 2) referring to היוצרים, I Chronicles 4, 23, in connection with Joshua 2, 1 חרש) כלי ק׳ היו בידם מקדרין they (the spies) carried potters’ tools with them, pretending to be potters, see קַדָּר. ↗ original

קדריה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵃ bottom of the page, see פִּרְסְקָא ↗ original

קדריונטס , see קוּדְרַנְטיס ↗ original

קַדְרִינוֹן (κέδρινος, -ον) of cedar, cedar wood. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 6, 14 (quoted Bereshith Rabbah section 31) דאעין דק׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) I דקיסין קדרונין (edition Amsterdam edition קרדונין, correct accordingly).—Tanchuma Beshallach 24 (referring to Exodus 15, 25) קרדנין, read with Ylamdenu ad loc. (on the passage), quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קדרינון; Mechilta Beshallach Vayassʿa, section 1 עץ קתרוס, see קַדְרוֹס I ↗ original

קַדְרִיתָא (קְדַר 2) black; in a transferred sense miserable. Targum Song of Songs 1, 6. ↗ original

קַדְרַנְטֵיס , see קוּדְרַנְטֵיס ↗ original

קָדשׁ , see קָדוֹשׁ ↗ original

קָדַשׁ (Biblical Hebrew) [to be cut off, separated, see Ges. Hebr. Dictionary¹² under the word; compare פָּרַשׁ,] to be, become pure, sacred, holy. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 3, 5ᵈ bottom of the page; the same place (ibid.) 4, end, 7ᵃ ק׳ עליו היום the day became holy upon him, i.e. the Sabbath commenced while he was engaged in doing something. Meïl. 2, 8 (10ᵃ) קָדְשׁוּ בכלים (Talmud edition קדשן) after they have become sacred by being put in a sacred vessel (see below); Shevuoth 11ᵃ (Manuscript Florence קידשן). Bechoroth 4ᵇ קדשו בכורות וכ׳ the firstborn in the desert were consecrated; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל קִדֵּשׁ, קִי׳ to sanctify, especially ק׳ שם שמים, or ק׳ את השם to sanctify the name of the Lord, to manifest fidelity to religion by noble deeds, by martyrdom etc. Sotah 10ᵇ; 36ᵇ יוסף שק׳ שם וכ׳ Joseph who sanctified the name … in secret (when he resisted temptation); יהודה שק׳ וכ׳ Judah who sanctified … in public (when he admitted his guilt, Genesis 38, 26); and frequently to sanctify, consecrate; to purify, keep pure. Berachoth 17ᵃ טהר וקַדֵּשׁ עצמך מכל וכ׳ keep thyself clean and pure (aloof) from every guilt etc. Yoma 39ᵃ (referring to Leviticus 11, 44) … אדם מְקַדֵּשׁ מְקַדְּשִׁין אותו הרבה if a man sanctifies himself a little (trains himself to self-restraint), they (the divine agencies) will help him much to sanctify him; מלמטה מקדשין אותו מלמעלה if he (sanctifies himself) below, they will sanctify him from above; בעולם הזה מקדשין וכ׳ he in this world, they will declare him holy in the hereafter. Yevamoth 20ᵃ, and elsewhere קדש עצמך במותר לך sanctify thyself by self-restraint from what is permitted to thee. Chagigah 3ᵇ, and elsewhere קִדְּשָׁהּ לשעתה, see קְדוּשָּׁה. Sebu. 15ᵃ … כל הכלים מְקַדַּשְׁתָּן as regards all vessels that Moses made, the ointing of them gave them their sacred character; Sanhedrin 16ᵇ מקדשן (correct accordingly). Menachoth 95ᵇ תנור מְקַדֵּשׁ the oven (the baking of the showbread) gives it its sacred character. the same place (ibid.) 100ᵃ כלי שרת מְקַדְּשִׁין the vessels of the service consecrate (the things put into them); and very frequently—participle passive מְקוּדָּשׁ; feminine מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת; plural מְקוּדָּשִׁים etc. Shabbath 55ᵃ (referring to Ezekiel 9, 6) א"ת מקדשי אלא מְקוּדָּשַׁי וכ׳ read not miḳdashi (my sanctuary) but m’ḳuddashai (my sanctified ones), that means those who fulfilled the whole Law etc.; Avodah Zarah 4ᵃ. Zevachim 115ᵇ (referring to Psalms 68, 36 מִמִּקְדָּשֶׁיךָ) read מִמְּקוּדָּשֶׁיךָ וכ׳ ‘from thy sanctified ones’, when the Lord passes judgment on his holy servants etc.; and frequently (with, or supply (understood word), ידיו ורגליו) to wash hands and feet prior to a sacred act. Yoma 3, 6. the same place (ibid.) 4, 5. the same place (ibid.) 22ᵃ; and frequently to prepare the water of lustration (Numbers 19). Parah 6, 1 המקדש ונפל הקִדּוּשׁ על ידו if he prepares the lustration, and some of the consecrated water falls upon his hand. the same place (ibid.) 2 נוטל ומקדש he may take (of the ashes) and prepare the water with them. the same place (ibid.) 3 המקדש בשוקת וכ׳ he who puts ashes into a large vessel of water; and frequently (of seasons) to proclaim the sanctity of especially, a) (ק׳ החדש) to proclaim in court that the new month had begun (see below). Rosh Hashanah 2, 7 אם לא … אין מקדשין אותו שכבד קִדְּשׁוּהוּ שמים unless the new moon is seen in its due time (on the evening of the twenty-ninth day), no announcement is made, for the heavens have already proclaimed it (and the new month begins with the thirty-first day). the same place (ibid.) 24ᵃ בין כך שנים אתה מקדש וכ׳ … in neither case is the ceremony of announcement required, for we read (Leviticus 25, 10), ‘ye shall sanctify the fiftieth year’, years thou must sanctify etc. Shemoth Rabbah section 15 אני ואתם נְקַדֵּשׁ את החדש I and you, let us (as a court) proclaim the month (of Nisan); and frequently—participle passive as ab. Rosh Hashanah 2, 7 ראש ב"ד אומר מק׳ וכ׳ the president of the court says, ‘(the new month is) proclaimed’, and all the people say after him, ‘proclaimed, proclaimed.’ the same place (ibid.) 3, 1 נחקרו … ולא הספיקו לומר מק׳ וכ׳ when the witnesses were examined, and the court had no time to say m’ḳuddash before night set in; and elsewhere—b) ק׳ השבת, היום to pronounce the sanctity of the Sabbath, the Holy Day etc., to recite the Sabbath or the festive benediction (over wine), to say Ḳiddush. Pesachim 105ᵃ מי שלא ק׳ בע"ש מקדש וכ׳ he who fails to bless the Sabbath on the Sabbath eve, may do so during the entire day. the same place (ibid.) 106ᵇ טעם אינו מקדש if a man tasted something without Ḳiddush, he must not bless the Sabbath; the same place (ibid.) 107ᵃ טעם מקדש even if he has tasted something, he must bless the Sabbath. the same place (ibid.) כגון זה ראוי לקַדֵּשׁ עליו a beverage like this is fit for Ḳiddush; and frequently ק׳ אשה [to consecrate a woman,] a) to betroth (explained Kiddushin 2ᵇ לישנא דרבנן דאסר לה … כהקדש the rabbinical term, in place of the Biblical קנה,—because he makes her forbidden to others like a consecrated object, see הֶקְדֵּשׁ). Kiddushin 2, 1 האיש מקדש בו וכ׳ a man may betroth a woman either in person or through a deputy. the same place (ibid.) 41ᵃ אסור לאדם שיְקַדֵּשׁ … עד וכ׳ a man is forbidden to betroth a woman to himself, before he has seen her. the same place (ibid.) 2, 4 האומר … צא וקַדֵּשׁ … והלך וקִדְּשָׁהּ וכ׳ if a man said to his deputy, go and betroth to me that certain woman in that certain place, and he went and betrothed her in a different place, she is not betrothed (the betrothal is invalid); and very frequently—participle passive מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת; plural מְקוּדָּשׁוֹת. the same place (ibid.) הרי זו מק׳ in such a case the betrothal is binding. the same place (ibid.) 7; and frequently—b) (of the father of a minor נַעֲרָה) to accept a betrothal in behalf of one’s daughter. the same place (ibid.) 1 האיש מקדש את בתו וכ׳ a man may accept his daughter’s betrothal, if she is a naʿărah, either in person or through a deputy. the same place (ibid.) 41ᵃ אסור לאדם שיקדש את בתו וכ׳ a man is forbidden to betroth his daughter as a child, (but must wait,) until she is grown up and says, I like this man; and frequently to cause a thing to be prohibited, especially (by referring to Deuteronomy 22, 9) by planting seeds in a vineyard, or vines among seeds; to cause condemnation. Kilayim 4, 5 הזורע … ק׳ שורה אחת if a person sows within four cubits of a vineyard, he has caused the condemnation of one row of vines. the same place (ibid.) 5, 5 הרי זה מקדש ארבעים וכ׳ he has made forty-five vines forbidden. the same place (ibid.) 7, 2 גפן … ואינה מְקַדֶּשֶׁת to plant seeds near a dried-up vine is forbidden, but it (the vine) does not cause the condemnation of the seeds. the same place (ibid.) 3 אלו אוסרין ולא מְקַדְּשִׁין the following plants make the planting of seeds in their neighborhood forbidden, but do not cause condemnation of the seeds, if planted, or their own condemnation. the same place (ibid.) 5 אין אדם מקדש דבר וכ׳ no man can cause condemnation of a thing not his own. the same place (ibid.) הרי זה ק׳ וכ׳ he has caused the condemnation of his neighbor’s seeds and must pay damages; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַדֵּשׁ, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַדֵּשׁ to be sanctified, glorified as holy. Yevamoth 79ᵃ מוטב … ויִתְקַדֵּשׁ שם וכ׳ let a letter of the Law be uprooted (disregarded), but let the name of God be sanctified in public. Tanchuma Sh’mini 1 מִתְקַדֵּשׁ אני שם במכבדי there (at the dedication of the Tabernacle) I shall be sanctified by (the death of) those that honor me. Vayikra Rabbah section 12; and frequently to be consecrated, dedicated; (of the New Moon) to be proclaimed. Rosh Hashanah 21ᵇ יכול … עד שיִתְקַדְּשׁוּ וכ׳ you may have thought, as well as the Sabbath is to be disregarded (by the witnesses travelling to the seat of the court), until they (the months) are proclaimed, it may also be disregarded (by the messengers carrying the announcement), until they are established. Shemoth Rabbah section 15 היה הכהן … והכלי מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת the priest received in it some sacred object, by which the vessel was consecrated; וכלי חול מִתְקַדֵּשׁ and a profane vessel became sacred. Shevuoth 15ᵃ אין העזרה מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת וכ׳ the Temple hall was not consecrated, until the priests ate therein the remnants of the meal-offering. the same place (ibid.) 16ᵃ תחתונה נִתְקַדְּשָׁה בכל אלו the lower reservoir became consecrated through all these (ceremonies mentioned); and frequently (of mixed seeds) to be condemnable, condemned. Kilayim 7, 7 מאימתי … מתקדשת from what time are seeds of grain (planted among vines) to be condemned? the same place (ibid.) אין מִתְקַדְּשׁוֹת are not to be condemned; and frequently to be betrothed. Kiddushin 2, 1 האשה מתקדשת בה וכ׳ a woman may be betrothed in person or through her deputy. the same place (ibid.) האומר … הִתְקַדְּשִׁי לי וכ׳ if a man says to a woman, be betrothed to me with this fig. the same place (ibid.) 45ᵇ נִתְקַדְּשָׁה לדעת אביה וניסת וכ׳ if she (the minor) was betrothed with her father’s consent, but was married without it; and frequently to sanctify one’s self. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2, Parah 2 מי שהוא עתיד להִתְקַדֵּשׁ he that is ready to sanctify himself (by vowing a sacrifice). Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְדַּשׁ to be sanctified; to become consecrated. Temurah 14ᵃ כאן לִיקָּדֵשׁ כאן ליקרב in the one case it refers to being consecrated (by being put in a sacred vessel), in the other to being offered. Bechoroth 4ᵇ הוֹזהרו … ליקדש they were admonished concerning the firstborn, that they be consecrated; and elsewhere to be betrothed. Kiddushin 48ᵃ if she says, עשה לי … ואֶקָּדֵשׁ וכ׳ make for me chains etc., and I shall be betrothed unto thee. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְדִּישׁ to cause sanctification. Zevachim 115ᵇ לא מתו … להַקְדִּישׁ שמו וכ׳ thy (Aaron’s) sons died only in order to give thee an opportunity to sanctify the name of the Lord. to sanctify, dedicate an object as Temple property (Leviticus 27, 14-24). Arachin 6, 2 המַקְדִּישׁ נכסיו וכ׳ if a person dedicates his property to the Temple, but owes his (divorced) wife her k’thubah (כְּתוּבָּה) etc. the same place (ibid.) 7, 1 אין מַקְדִּישִׁין לפני היובל וכ׳ you cannot dedicate landed property within less than two or three years before the jubilee. the same place (ibid.) 3 הִקְדִּישָׁהּ וגאלה if he dedicated and then redeemed it. the same place (ibid.) 5 אין אדם מַקְדִּישׁ דבר וכ׳ nobody can dedicate a thing not belonging to him. Bava Kamma 7, 2; and very frequently Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּקְדַּשׁ to be dedicated, consecrated. Meïl. 2, 8 המנחות … משהוּקְדָּשׁוּ the law concerning misappropriation of sacred things applies to meal-offerings as soon as they have been dedicated. the same place (ibid.) 1 משהוּקְדָּשָׁה as soon as it has been designated for a sin-offering; and frequently—participle מוּקְדָּשׁ; feminine מוּקְדֶּשֶׁת; plural מוּקְדָּשִׁים etc. Nedarim 5, 6 (48ᵃ) אם … הרי הם מוק׳ לשמים if they are mine, be they dedicated to the Lord. the same place (ibid.) כל מתנה … מקודשת אינה מתנה (read: מוקדשׁת) a gift which is not made so that if the recipient dedicates it to sacred use, it is dedicated, is no gift. Bechoroth 5, 1 כל פסולי המוק׳ all dedicated sacrifices which became unfit for the altar; and frequently ↗ original

קְדַשׁ , to be sanctified, sacred (see קְדוֹשׁ). Shevuoth 15ᵇ שתי הלחם … דקַדְשֵׁי (Rashi דמִיקַּדְּשֵׁי Ithpaal) it is through the slaughtering of the sheep that the two loaves received their sacred character. Bechoroth 4ᵇ דקְדוּשׁ קדוש וכ׳ those firstborn that were consecrated, were consecrated etc. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַדֵּישׁ as the preceding Pi'el, to sanctify; to proclaim; to betroth etc. Targum Exodus 28, 41. the same place (ibid.) 29, 1 לקַדָּשָׁא (Yerushalmi (prefix) לקַדְשָׁא). the same place (ibid.) 44; and frequently—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 20, 7 (not דקָדֵישׁ; Hebrew text ארש). the same place (ibid.) 22, 16 (Hebrew text נתתי); and elsewhere—Shevuoth 16ᵃ ועזרא קַדּוּשֵׁי ק׳ וכ׳ and Ezra consecrated (the various places), although the Urim and Tummim were no longer extant. Pesachim 106ᵃ עיקר קידושא … דכי ק׳ תחלת יומא בעי לקַדּוּשֵׁי the actual sanctification of the Sabbath must take place in the evening, for when one sanctifies the Sabbath, one must sanctify the beginning of the day. the same place (ibid.) ליקַדֵּישׁ לן וכ׳ please, sir, recite for us the great Ḳiddush, see קִידּוּשָׁא. the same place (ibid.) 101ᵃ לקדושי בביתא to recite the Ḳiddush in the house. the same place (ibid.) 106ᵇ זימנין … מקדש אריפתא at times, when he cared more for bread, he recited the Ḳiddush over bread.—Rosh Hashanah 25ᵃ זיל … וקַדְּשֵׁיה וכ׳ go to ‘En-Ṭab and proclaim the New Moon Day. the same place (ibid.) אמר … בעינן לקדושי בך וכ׳ he said (to the moon), to-night we desire to initiate the new month through thee, and thou standest here? the same place (ibid.)ᵇ ולִיקַדְּשֵׁיה בליליא Munich manuscript and we may proclaim it at night. Shevuoth 15ᵇ דעד דקַדֵּישׁ יומא וכ׳ so that immediately after one has recited the blessing at the exit of the day (הַבְדָּלָה), one might finish the building and consecrate it.—Kiddushin 50ᵇ באתרא דמְקַדְּשֵׁי והדר מסבלי where it is customary to send the gifts after betrothal, see סְבַל. the same place (ibid.) 59ᵃ לקדושי … לבריה to betroth a wife for his son (as his deputy); and very frequently—participle passive מְקַדַּשׁ; feminine מְקַדְּשָׁא, etc. Shevuoth the passage cited תרוייהו … מְקַדְּשֵׁי both of them are consecrated at the same time. the same place (ibid.) חדא מי מק׳ how can even one of them be consecrated?—Pesachim 101ᵃ ולא מק׳ לכו בבית אכילה (Munich manuscript 2 מתקדש) and no Ḳiddush will be recited for you in your dining place; and frequently Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְקַדֵּשׁ, אִיקַּדֵּשׁ ; Ithpeel אִיקְּדִישׁ to sanctify one’s self; to be sanctified; (of mixed seeds) to be condemnable; (of woman) to be betrothed. Targum Exodus 29, 37. Targum Leviticus 20, 7. Targum Onkelos the same place (ibid.) 10, 3; and frequently—Kiddushin 54ᵃ ירושלים מי מִיקַּדְּשָׁא is Jerusalem itself consecrated ground? Nedarim 31ᵃ כיון דאיק׳ אברהם וכ׳ when Abraham was consecrated (as the bearer of religion), they (the Israelites) were called after him (they are no longer included among ‘the sons of Noah’).—Kethuboth 62ᵇ אי מִיקַּדַּשְׁנָא (some edition מְקַדַּשְׁנָא) if I consent to be betrothed unto thee, wilt thou go to college? the same place (ibid.) אִיקַּדְּשָׁא ליה וכ׳ she was betrothed to him in secret, and she sent him (Akiba) away (to study). Kiddushin 9ᵃ אי … מִיקַּדְּשַׁת לי if I give it thee, wilt thou be betrothed to me? the same place (ibid.) 12ᵃ אשה … לא מִיקַּדְּשָׁא a woman cannot be betrothed with a P’ruṭah; and frequently—Pesachim 105ᵃ זיל חזי אי מִקְּדִישׁ יומא (Munich manuscript קדיש) go and see whether the sacred day has begun. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְדֵּישׁ, אַקְדַּשׁ to sanctify, dedicate. Targum Leviticus 27, 14 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Vienna edition יִקְדַּשׁ). the same place (ibid.) 15. Targum Judges 17, 3; and frequently to betroth. Kiddushin 9ᵇ עד דמַקְדִּישׁ והדר בעיל (Rashi דמקדש) until he betroth her and consummates. the same place (ibid.) 12ᵃ ההוא גברא דא׳ וכ׳ a man betrothed a woman with a piece of etc., see כּוֹחֲלָא. the same place (ibid.) 12ᵇ; and frequently (interch. with Pa'el). ↗ original

קַדֵּשׁ masculine, see קַדִּישׁ ↗ original

קָדֵשׁ [cut off, rejected, compare חרם] sodomite. Sifré Deuteronomy 260 ק׳ חמור the sodomite whose crime is the severer one (see below).—plural קְדֵשִׁים. Esther Rabbah to 1, 9 (explained מעולל, Isaiah 3, 12) ק׳ בהון sodomites were among them (with referring to ויתעללו, Judges 19, 25).—Fem. קְדֵשָׁה prostitute. Sifré the passage cited ק׳ קלה the Ḳ’deshah whose crime is a minor one (compared with that of the Ḳadesh). ↗ original

קֶדֶשׁ (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a place Kedesh in Naftali, one of the cities of refuge. Makkoth 9ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᵃ bottom of the page, see אַגָּנָא. ↗ original

קַדַשׁ , see נוּנָא ↗ original

קֹדֶשׁ , see קוֹדֶשׁ, קוֹדַשׁ, קוּדְשָׁא. ↗ original

קָדָשָׁא (קדש) [cut out,] ear-ring, nose-ring(Biblical Hebrew . Targum Job 42, 11. Targum Genesis 24, 22. Targum Judges 8, 24; and frequently—plural קְדָשִׁין, קְדָשַׁיָּא, קְדָשֵׁי, קָ׳. the same place (ibid.) (edition Vilna edition קָדְשֵׁי). Targum Onkelos Genesis 35, 4 (edition Amsterdam edition O. a. Yerushalmi (prefix) קַדָּ׳). Targum Onkelos Numbers 31, 50 edition Berlin edition (edition Vienna edition קַדָּ׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) I קַדִּישַׁיָּא, Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 קַדְשַׁיָּא; Hebrew text עגיל). Targum Proverbs 11, 22 קָדָשַׁיָּה edition Lagarde edition (other edition קדשי, קדשא); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵇ bottom of the page (transl. עגיל, see above) קדשייא. the same place (ibid.) קדשיא (transl. לחשים, Isaiah 3, 20), see לְחִישָׁה. Vayikra Rabbah section 33 קדשין (transl. צמידים, Ezekiel 23, 42); Yalkut Shimoni Daniel 1061. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 687 אנא נסיב שיריא וקדשיא I shall take (Esther’s) chains and rings; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22 edition Buber edition שירייה וקדשייה. ↗ original

קָהָא , see קהי ↗ original

קֵהֶה , קֵהָה, קֵי׳ feminine (the preceding; compare כֵּהֶה) dull, faint; (of cutting tools) blunt; (of teeth) blunt and loose. — plural קֵהִים, קֵהִין, קֵי׳; קֵהוֹת, קֵי׳. Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 16 as with the grape vine כל מי … שיניו ק׳ וכ׳ he that eats of its unripe fruit, will have his teeth set on edge, so it is with Israel etc.; Vayikra Rabbah section 36 (corrupted version after Midrash Samuel). (of limbs) wearied, benumbed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 8, 44ᵈ בבא מן … ק׳ עליו in the case of one that had come from a journey, and his feet were benumbed; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵇ bottom of the page; and elsewhere tough, hard, unyielding. Taanith 7ᵇ (referring to Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 10, 10) אם ראית רקיע שק׳ כברזל וכ׳ when thou seest the sky as tough as iron not sending down dew or rain; Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 979 אם … דור שהשמים קהין וכ׳ when thou seest a generation over which the heavens are as tough etc. Avoth 4, 20 ענבים קהות hard (unripe) grapes, opposite בשולות.—Transferred (of intellectual subjects) tough, difficult, unsolvable. Yalkut Shimoni the passage cited אם … שתלמודו ק׳ עליו כברזל when thou seest a student to whom his lesson is as tough as iron (Taanith 8ᵃ שלמודו קשה; Munich manuscript כהה). Pesikta Rabbati section 33 והמעשה שהיה ק׳ וכ׳ and when a case was too difficult for me to decide, I asked etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Job 917. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 11; and elsewhere fainting, having a morbid appetite. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, end, 35ᶜ שכן דרך הק׳ אוכלות אותו for craving women are in the habit of eating it (the unripe grape). ↗ original

קהי to be dull, blunt; (of a sword) to slide off a hard object. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵃ וקָהַת החרב מעל וכ׳ and the sword slid off Moses’ neck and broke; Devarim Rabbah section 2; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 167 וקהית (correct accordingly). Bereshith Rabbah section 78; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 5 וקָהוּ שיניו וכ׳ and the teeth of the wicked (Esau) became blunt and loose. to be tough, unyielding, hard. Bamidbar Rabbah section 3 (referring to Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 10, 10) אם ראית שקהו השמים וכ׳, see the preceding—Transferred to be difficult, unsolvable. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 7 שהיו כולן שונין … הלכה קוֹהָא להם they all sharpened the discussion like a sword, so that, when a case came before them, the decision might not be too difficult for them. the same place (ibid.) to 4, 4 שאין הלכה קוהא להם never was there a subject too difficult for them to decide; and elsewhere to be wearied; to faint; especially to have a morbid appetite (caused by the smell of a dish). the same place (ibid.) to 1, 12 the Lord sent them a sweet scent from Eden והיתה נפשם קוהא לאכול and they were dying to eat (of the Passover sacrifice), see עָיֵף; and elsewhere Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְהָה (with שן) to make blunt and loose; in a transferred sense to refute; to break the power of; to grieve. Mechilta Bo, section 18 אף אתה הַקְהֵה את שיניו thou, too, make his teeth blunt (refute his arguments). Bereshith Rabbah section 99 (play on יקהת, Genesis 49, 10) מי שמַקְהֶה שני וכ׳ he (the Messiah) that shall break the power of all nations; the same place (ibid.) section 98. Sotah 49ᵃ [read:] אומרים … למה הִקְהִיתָ וכ׳ (see Rashi) they (the children of the wicked that died in their parents’ lifetime) argue before him, … if thou intendedst to punish them in the hereafter, why didst thou cause them grief while living? the same place (ibid.) שמחת … והקהית השיני thou hast gladdened my heart (with the evidence of thy purity) and given me pain (by showing more affection for thy son than for myself). Sanhedrin 109ᵇ (play on בן קהת, Numbers 16, 1) בן שה׳ וכ׳ a son that brought grief over his parents; and elsewhere Pi'el פִּעֵל קֵיהָה to pronounce unsolvable. Nega'im 4, 11, see כָּהָה. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְהָה to become faint, powerless. Koheleth Rabbah to 10, 10 אם נִקְהֵת אומה וכ׳ if the nation whose power was as hard as iron, has grown powerless. to be tough, difficult. the same place (ibid.) אם נ׳ תלמודך וכ׳ if thy lesson is as tough to thee as iron (see preced). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקָהֵא, הִתְקָהֶה ; Nithpa'el נִתְקָהֶה to faint, long for. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 186 (referring to מתלקחת, Exodus 9, 24) מִתְקָהָא לעשות שליחותה (not שליחותיה) it (the fire) was dying to perform its mission; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 4ᵃ מיתה מתקהא וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition מתקריא, correct accordingly) dying, that is longing etc.; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 11 מיתה ומתקלהא בשביל לעשות רצון בוראם (correct accordingly, a. read בוראה); Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 (combining both versions) מיתה ומתקהלא לעשות … בוראה (correct accordingly). to become tough, hard, unyielding, grievous, irksome. Koheleth Rabbah the passage cited אם נִתְקָהוּ שמים שעל וכ׳ if the heavens above you have become hard as iron etc., see above. the same place (ibid.) אם נתק׳ הרב על התלמיד וכ׳ if the teacher has been unyielding to the pupil like iron (out of patience, and refusing to teach him) …, and the teacher shows not a friendly face (does not relent) etc. the same place (ibid.) אם נתק׳ התלמיד על הרב וכ׳ if the pupil has been annoying to his teacher (through his obtuseness or wearisome questions) …, and the teacher refuses to explain etc. ↗ original

קְהֵי to be blunt (and loose); to be dull, faint. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 33, 4 (Yerushalmi (prefix) I אתמזמיזו). the same place (ibid.) 32, 26 וקהת (some edition וקחת, see קְחַח; Yerushalmi (prefix) I זעזע; Hebrew text ותקע).—[Targum I Kings 14, 4 קהאה (edition Vilna edition כהאה; edition Lagarde edition קמא; Hebrew text קמו.] to be stale, distasteful. Berachoth 56ᵃ קהא עסקך וכ׳ Manuscript Florence (edition קָאוֵי frequently קְוָא; Munich manuscript פסיד עסקך וקאזיל, read וקאוי) thy business (wine store) will be stale (and taste) like a pomegranate.—participle passive קְהִיהַ, pl. קְהִיתִין (compare חֲמִי, a. חַמְת׳). Vayikra Rabbah section 19 הא קהיתין are they (the vessels with wine you have been examining) spoiled?; [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word קה: הָקְהֵיתָה is it spoiled?]. to be unrelenting, rigorous. Bava Metzia 52ᵇ דקָהֵי אזוזי מקרי נפש רעה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition דמוקים) he who is rigorous in matters of coins (refusing a coin for slight imperfections) is called ‘a malevolent soul’ (see נֶפֶשׁ). Pa'el פִּעֵל קַהֵי to give an acrid taste to. Pesachim 116ᵃ צריך לְקַהוּיֵיה one must give the pap (חֲרוֹסֶת) an acrid taste (with apples and wine). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְהֵי [to blunt a person’s teeth,] to refute, argue. Yevamoth 110ᵇ מַקְהוּ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. variant reading in Rashi (edition מַקְווּ), see אַקְוָוא. ↗ original

קַהֲיוּת (the preceding), ק׳ שינים bluntness of teeth; in a transferred sense old age. Yalkut Shimoni Lamentations 996 בן שנתן לו בק׳ ש׳ וכ׳ the son that was given him (Abraham) in his old age, when he was one hundred years old. ↗ original

קַהֲיָיא , plural קַהֲיָיתָא arguments. Yevamoth 110ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see אַקְוָוא. ↗ original

קְהִילָּה , see קְהִלָּה ↗ original

קָהַל to call. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְהִיל to assemble. Berachoth 61ᵇ; Avodah Zarah 18ᵃ מַקְהִיל קהילות ברבים called public assemblies (to teach). Bereshith Rabbah section 99 כשיַקְהִיל קרח וכ׳ (some edition כשיַקְהֵל) when Korah will gather his followers for strife, my (Jacob’s) name shall not be joined with them. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 408 כדי שילמדו … להַקְהִיל וכ׳ that coming generations may learn from thee to assemble congregations every Sabbath; and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְהַל to be assembled. Bereshith Rabbah section 98 בשעה שהן נִקְהָלִין על וכ׳ when they will be assembled against Moses in the party of Korah etc. Vayikra Rabbah section 24 פרשה … בהִקָּהֵל וכ׳ this section (Leviticus 19) was proclaimed in full assembly (see the same place (ibid.) 2), because etc. Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 1, see קֹהֶלֶת. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקָהֵל same. Bereshith Rabbah section 99 (referring to יקהת, Genesis 49, 10) מי … מִתְקָהֲלִין עליו he around whom the nations will group themselves.—[Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 מתקהלא, see קָהָה.] ↗ original

קָהָל the preceding) gathering, congregation. Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 1, 46ᵃ bottom of the page (referring to Numbers 15, 24, העדה) כל השבטים קרויין ק׳ all tribes together are called ḳahal; כל שבט … ק׳ every tribe for itself is called ḳ.; Babylonian Horayoth 3ᵃ כגון … רובו של ק׳ וכ׳ when six tribes have sinned, and they form the majority of the congregation (the entire people) etc. the same place (ibid.) הני הוא דאיקרו ק׳ only they (the entire people) are called ḳ.—Kiddushin 73ᵃ קְהַל ודאי a community of Israelites of undoubted legitimacy; קְ׳ ספק of doubtful legitimacy; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 8, 9ᵇ bottom of the page קָ׳ ברור; קְ׳ ספק. the same place (ibid.) [read:] ארבע קְהִילּוֹת אינון קְ׳ יי׳ קְ׳ כהנים וכ׳ four communities are meant by ‘the congregation of the Lord’ (Deuteronomy 23, 2; 3; 4; 9): the community of priests, of Levites, of Israelites, and of proselytes. Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 8, 2 ואינן … אלא מלבא בק׳ and they are forbidden only to enter the congregation (to intermarry with Israelites); and frequently—plural, see קְהִלָּה ↗ original

קָהָל ² Targum Numbers 16, 3. the same place (ibid.) 20, 4; and frequently—Kiddushin 73ᵃ מחד קהל נפקו edition (Rashi קהלא) the (laws concerning priests and Levites) are derived from one of the verses (Deuteronomy 23, 3; 4; 9) in which ḳahal occurs.—plural קַהֲלֵי. the same place (ibid.) הנהו נמי תרי ק׳ נינהו these (priests and Levites) are also two communities (requiring two verses with the word ḳahal in them); and elsewhere ↗ original

קְהִלָּה (Biblical Hebrew) same. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 7, 11ᶜ top במקהלות כל ק׳ וק׳ ‘in assemblies praise God’ (Psalms 68, 27), in every kind of assemblies (use a different phraseology for the appeal to praise God, according to the size of the assembly). Megillah 2ᵃ י"ג זמן ק׳ וכ׳ the thirteenth of Adar was the date of gathering all Jews (Esther 9, 18). Vayikra Rabbah section 9 (referring to Deuteronomy 33, 4) מורשה קְהִלַּת ינאי אין וכ׳ it is not written here, ‘an inheritance of the congregation of Yannai’ (privileged scholars), but of the congregation of Jacob (see יְרוּתָּא); and elsewhere—plural קְהִלּוֹת, קְהִי׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 8, 9ᵇ bottom of the page, see קָהָל. Avodah Zarah 18ᵃ, and elsewhere, see קָהַל; and frequently ↗ original

קֹהֶלֶת (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Koheleth, traditional surname of King Solomon. Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 1 למה נקרא שמו ק׳ … בהִקָּהֵל וכ׳ why was his name Koheleth? Because his words were proclaimed in public meeting, as it is written (I Kings 8, 1) etc.; and elsewhere—ק׳ (ספר) the Book of Koheleth, Ecclesiastes. Bava Bathra 14ᵇ סידרן … ק׳ וכ׳ the order of the books of Hagiographa is: Ruth, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes etc. the same place (ibid.) 15ᵃ משלי … ק׳ אנשי וכ׳ the men of the Great Assembly composed Proverbs, Song of Songs and Ecclesiastes. Shabbath 30ᵇ בקשו … ספר ק׳ וכ׳ the scholars wanted to exclude from the canon (see גָּנַז) the book of E., because its words contradict one another; Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 3; and frequently ↗ original

קָהַרְמָנָא (Pers. Ḳaharmân) administrator, curator. Bava Bathra 46ᵇ ק׳ שוויה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (read: שויוהו; see הַרְמנְיָא) they made him an administrator (of their property, and as such he let it out to tenants). Eruvin 59ᵃ דשכיחי גבי ק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition הרמנא) they are accustomed to meet at the office of the curator of the city, see הַרְמָנָא. ↗ original

קוּ , in תֵּיקוּ, נֵיקוּ etc., see קוּם Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

קַו see קָוָה) circle, zone. Chagigah 12ᵃ תהו קו ירוק וכ׳ tohu (Genesis 1, 2) is the green (or yellow) circle which surrounds the whole world (the horizon); Yalkut Shimoni Kings 185 (referring to I Kings 7, 23) זה קו ירוק וכ׳ this is typical of the green circle etc. Bamidbar Rabbah section 13 קו הים שעשה וכ׳ the circle encompassing the basin which Solomon made (I Kings the passage cited); and elsewhere— [cavity,] the lower part of a trumpet. Kelim 11, 7, see קב.—[Tanchuma Aḥăré 1 קו שררתיה, see קוֹשַׁרְתָּא.] ↗ original

קַיָּא (the preceding, see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3510; compare כַּוָּא) [circle, window,] web. —plural קַיִּין. Targum Isaiah 59, 5, and the following (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קֵיוָן feminine plural; Hebrew text קורי).—5. קִיוָּאֵי. ↗ original

קוּא (Biblical Hebrew) to spit. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֵקִיא same, to vomit. Sifra Aḥăré, end (referring to Leviticus 18, 25) כאדם שמֵקִיא את מזונו like a man vomiting his food; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 599. Esther Rabbah introduction to Parah 3 (play on קיקלון Habakkuk 2, 16) מקיא מלמעלן קלון מלמטן (thou shalt be) vomiting above together with disgrace (nuisance) below; וכיון שראו … שמקיא וכ׳ and when the two chiefs of his legions saw that he was vomiting etc. Mikvaoth 10, 8 טבל והֵקִיאָן if he vomited them after the immersion; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוּאַי Ḳuay, name of an unclean bird. Chullin 63ᵃ ק׳ וקקואי (Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim has קוקי; Munich manuscript קרי; Manuscript Rome 2 קקואי וקקי). ↗ original

קוֹב (denominative of נָקב) cursing, see קַבָּה. ↗ original

קוּבָּא , see next word—[קובאיא, see קוֹבְעַיָּא]. ↗ original

קוּבָּה , see קב) arched room, compartment. Taanith 8ᵇ כמין ק׳ יש וכ׳ there is a sort of room in heaven from which the rains proceed; (Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 789 קורה web; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8). Menachoth 31ᵇ שלא יעשנה כק׳ that he do not write the door-post inscription in the shape of an arch. tent of prostitution (Numbers 25, 8). Avodah Zarah 17ᵇ, and the following על בתו לישב בק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בק׳ של זונות) his daughter was condemned to sit in a brothel. Bereshith Rabbah section 91 שמא בק׳ הוא (some edition בקובא) perhaps he (Joseph) is in a brothel (sold, for sodomy); and elsewhere ↗ original

קוּבְטָאוֹת (קבט, see קָבוּט) pressed or pickled substances, sauces etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 41ᵈ ק׳ … שלהן sauces (or pickles) prepared by gentiles; Tosefta Avodah Zarah 4 (5), 11 קַפְטָאוֹת edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קפאטיות, missing in other editions); Babylonian Avodah Zarah 38ᵇ קפלוטות (?). Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 3, 30ᵃ ק׳ בירתייות וכ׳ sauces from Birtha must be removed before Passover (on account of an admixture of leavened matter); compare פְּלוּלִינַיָּא. ↗ original

קובטין , see אַקּוּבִּיטוֹן ↗ original

קובטירה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, beginning 7ᵈ, a corruption, probably for פִילַקְטִירְיָא (φυλακτήρια) charms, amulets, see טוֹטָפֶת a. חוּמַרְּתָּא. ↗ original

קוּבְטָרָא (denominative of קובטאות; compare חֲלִיטָר a. חֲלִיטָא 3) maker of pickles or sauces. — plural קוּבְטָרַיָּא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᶜ bottom of the page ק׳ אלפון וכ׳ the (Jewish) sauce-makers taught (gentiles) their trade, and were ruined; [commentary or commentaries jewellers.] ↗ original

קוּבְיָא (κυβεία) dice-playing, gambling. Sanhedrin 3, 3 (among those disqualified as witnesses) המשחק בק׳ the habitual dice-player; Rosh Hashanah 1, 8; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 57ᶜ top בקוּבְיָיא. Shabbath 23, 2 משום ק׳ (omitted in Babylonian edition 148ᵇ) it is forbidden, because it is like gambling; the same place (ibid.) 149ᵃ; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוּבְיָה (compare Syriac (Peshitta) קויא, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3510) loom. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᶜ top כד משתייא בק׳ when he inserts the warp in the loom. ↗ original

קוּבְיוּסְטוֹס (וס for יס; κυβευστης = κυβιστής, S.) gambler; (= κυβευτικός) crafty person. Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 847 זה הוא ק׳ וכ׳ this man is a gambler, and he may go and gamble and lose etc. Tosefta Bava Bathra 4, 7 המוכר … ונמצא גנב או ק׳ if one sells a slave …, and he turns out to be a thief or a crafty person (swindler), contradistinguished to ליסטיס; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7, end, 15ᵈ; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 92ᵇ. Chullin 91ᵇ גנב אתה או ק׳ וכ׳ art thou a thief or a burglar that thou art afraid of the morning?; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 133. Bechoroth 5ᵃ משה … או ק׳ וכ׳ your teacher Moses was either a thief or a swindler, or else a bad arithmetician. ↗ original

קוּבְיוֹסְטֵיסָא Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 5, end, 39ᵇ [read:] א"ל וכן בר נש עביד אמר ליה בק׳ (see Asheri to Gittin 35ᵇ) he said to him (who had vowed that he would make no profits), does a man do that? Said he to him, (I vowed to make no profits) as a gambler (Asheri the passage cited quotes קוּבְיוֹסְטָא). ↗ original

קוביטין , see קובטין ↗ original

קוּבְלָא , see קִבְלָא 2 ↗ original

קובליים , see כּוֹכְלִיאָס ↗ original

קובלין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵈ top, see קוֹלְבִין ↗ original

קוּבְלָנָא (see קִבְלָא 3) a formula to ward off danger, e.g. when complaining of a trouble to a friend, to say, ‘may it never occur to you!’ Sanhedrin 104ᵇ (referring to Lamentations 1, 12 לא אליכם) מכאן לק׳ מן התורה (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) לקָבְלָ׳) here we have a Biblical support for the custom of saying, ‘not to you’; [another interpret. in Rashi: complaint (see קְבַל 2), i.e. that a man in trouble should make it known to friends and appeal to their sympathy; see Chullin 78ᵃ]. ↗ original

קוּבְנָאָה (קבב; compare אֲקוּנְבִּי) turret, battlement. Bava Bathra 73ᵃ bottom of the page דהוה קא משואר אק׳ דמחוזא Manuscript Hamburg was jumping on the battlements of Maḥoza; (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דהוה נקיטא אק׳, read רהיט, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 100; edition, see קוּפְיָא). ↗ original

קוֹבְעָא = כּוֹבְעָא, helmet, turban. — plural קוֹבְעָין, קוֹבָ׳, קוֹבְעַיָּא. Targum Ezekiel 44, 18 (Hebrew text פארי). Targum Onkelos Exodus 28, 40; 39, 28 edition Berlin edition, see כּוֹבְעָא. ↗ original

קוֹבְעַיָּא Ḳobʿaya (Tops or Hollows) of Aitha (see Hildesh. Sachs, Beitrage p. 19 and the following). Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 11 קביא רעיתא edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קובע׳ דראתון, קובּאיא); Sifré Deuteronomy 51 קנייא רעייא; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 874 קבייא רעייתא; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ קובעיא (only). ↗ original

קובעת , see next word ↗ original

קוֹבְעָתָא (the preceding words; compare כּוֹבְעָה) [caps,] clods covering the field after the first ploughing, which require to be broken by being thrown up and scattered. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵃ רמיין ק׳ (not דמיין); Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 3, 21ᵇ top קובעתי׳, קובעת (correct accordingly), see הָאַסְטוּ. ↗ original

קוּבְּתָא = Hebrew קוּבָּה tent of prostitution. Targum Onkelos a. Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 Numbers 25, 8 (O. edition Vienna edition קֻכָּתָא). arched room, store-room. Targum Job 38, 25. Targum Psalms 65, 10 (compare Taanith 8ᵇ quoted under the word קוּבָּה). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 1, 7. ↗ original

קוֹד ) masculine (קדד; compare כַּד) wooden bowl. Kelim 16, 1 ק׳ הבבלי the Babylonian ḳod (a deep bowl, fragments of which may be used as receptacles); Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 3, 11 הקיד (correct accordingly); the same place (ibid.) Bava Metzia 5, 10 הקור (correct accordingly). Sanhedrin 20ᵇ קוּדּוֹ Munich manuscript his bowl (was all that was left to king Solomon, see גוּנְדָּא 2); Yalkut Shimoni Kings 177; Tanchuma Aḥăré 1; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוּדָּא Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 10 קוּדֵּיה; the same place (ibid.) to 9, 11 (not קוריה), see the preceding—Sanhedrin 103ᵃ קוּדְּתֵיה variant reading quoted in Rashi, see קוּלְתָא. ↗ original

קודייקוס , see קוּרְדְּיָיקוֹס ↗ original

קוּדְלָא , see קְדָל ↗ original

קוֹדֵם feminine, see קָדַם ↗ original

קוֹדֶם (קָדַם) antecedent; (conj. a. preposition) before. Pesachim 54ᵃ ק׳ שנברא העולם before the world was created. Bereshith Rabbah section 1 ק׳ לאותו שכתוב בו וכ׳ prior to that (divine throne) about which is written, ‘firm is thy throne etc.’ (Psalms 93, 2). the same place (ibid.) section 9 ק׳ לכן ere this. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ עד שלא נוצרה וכ׳ long before etc., see יָצַר. the same place (ibid.) section 21 (referring to מקדם, Genesis 2, 8) מק׳ לג"ע נבראת וכ׳ Gehenna was created before the garden of Eden; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 34 מקֶדֶם. Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited קֶדֶם לג"ע וכ׳ the angels were created before etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the passage cited מקדם. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 24 כמקדם as before; and frequently ↗ original

קוּדְמָא , plural קוּדְמֵי, see קָדָם. ↗ original

קוֹדְקְדָא , see קָדְקְדָא ↗ original

קוּדְרַנְטֵיס singular a. plural (κοδράντης = quadrans) quadrans, a Roman value equal to three Roman ounces (also called teruncius). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 58ᵈ Musafia (edition קדריונטס, edition Krot. קרד׳; Musafia also קדרנטיס), see מְֹסִימִיס; Tosefta Bava Bathra 5, 12 קונטרונין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קונטריס, plural קונטריסין); Kiddushin 12ᵃ קונטרנק, plural קונטרונקין (corruption arisen frequently confusion of quadrans a. teruncius). ↗ original

קוֹדֶשׁ sanctity, sacred affair, sacred ground, dedicated object. Yoma 12ᵇ, and frequently מעלין בק׳, see עָלָה. Shabbath 16, 1 כל כתבי הק׳ וכ׳ all sacred scriptures must be saved from fire (on the Sabbath). Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 13 (14), 1 אין קורין בכתבי הק׳ we must not read from the Hagiographa (on the Sabbath); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 16, 15ᶜ top אין קורין בכתבי הק׳ אלא וכ׳ we must not read from the Hagiographa except from the afternoon service onward. Betzah 5ᵃ נוהגין אותו היום ק׳ וכ׳ we observe the rest of the day as a holy day and the next day likewise. Pesachim 104ᵃ; Chullin 26ᵃ, see חוֹל 3. the same place (ibid.) 1, 7 בין ק׳ לק׳, see בָּדַל; the same place (ibid.) בין ק׳ חמוד לק׳ הקל between the stricter and the lighter sanctities; and very frequently—שם ק׳ or ק׳ (supply (understood word) שם) sacred name, name of the Lord. Shevuoth 35ᵇ, see חוֹל 3. Treatise Sof’rim 4, 6, and the following; and frequently—רוח הק׳, see רוּחַ.—Esp. a) sacred precincts, Temple ground. Zevachim 9, 2 כל שפסולו בק׳ הק׳ מקבלו whatever has become unfit within the sanctuary, the sanctuary accepts (it cannot be removed from the altar, if it was put on); לא היה פסולו בק׳ וכ׳ if its unfitness did not arise within the sacred precincts, the sanctuary does not accept it; and frequently—b) הק׳ the Holy, contradistinguished to עֲזָרָה, a. to ק׳ הקדשים, see below. Yoma 3, 3; 6 בק׳ within the precincts of the Holy. Middoth 4, 5; and frequently—plural קֳדָשִׁים.—קודש הק׳, also קָדְשֵׁי ק׳ most holy, especially the Holy of Holies, the westernmost compartment of the Temple. Middoth the passage cited Yoma 5, 1; and frequently—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1 כל הכתובים קדש וזה ק׳ הק׳ all Biblical scriptures are holy, but this (Song of Songs) is most holy. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, 74ᵃ, and elsewhere נחום איש קדש הק׳ Nahum, the man of extreme holiness; and elsewhere—Esp. קֳדָשִׁים consecrated objects, sacrifices. Zevachim 5, 4 העולה קדשי ק׳ the burnt-offering belongs to the highest class of sacrifices. the same place (ibid.) 6, and the following ק׳ קלים sacrifices of a minor grade. the same place (ibid.) 10, 2 מפני שהוא קדשי ק׳ because it belongs to the highest grade; and frequently—קדשי מזבח things dedicated for the altar, sacrifices; קדשי בדק הבית objects dedicated (for their value) to be used for the needs of the Temple building. Temurah 7, 1, and the following; and frequently—ק׳ (סדר) Kodashim, the fifth of the six orders of the Mishnah, Tosefta, a. Talmud Babli. Shabbath 31ᵃ. Esther Rabbah to 1, 2. ↗ original

קוֹדַשׁ holiness, sanctuary etc. Targum Exodus 29, 29. Targum Psalms 51, 13. Targum Exodus 28, 29; and frequently—plural קוּדְשִׁין, קוּדְשַׁיָּא. Targum Leviticus 21, 22. the same place (ibid.) 22, 2; and frequently—קודש ק׳ the Holy of Holies. Targum Exodus 26, 33; and frequently the Holiness, the Lord, usually with בריך הוא (abbreviated or abbreviation קב"ה), see קָדוֹשׁ. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 21, 34. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 25, 21; and frequently—Berachoth 7ᵃ ומי … דק׳ ב"ה is wrath before (to be ascribed to) the Lord? Kethuboth 77ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original

קוּדְּתָא feminine = קוּדָּא, which see ↗ original

קַוָּואֵי , see קִיוָּאֵי ↗ original

קְוָואקֵי , see קְוָוקֵי ↗ original

קְוָוחָא , see קְחָחָא ↗ original

קִוּוּי , see קִיוּוּי ↗ original

קְוִויָּה , see קְוִיָּה ↗ original

קָוַוץ , see קָוַץ, קְוַץ. ↗ original

קִוֵּוץ , see קִיוֵּוץ ↗ original

קָווּץ (קָוַץ) [shrunk,] undersized. Sukkah 32ᵃ top, see קָוַץ.—plural קְווּצִים. Sifré Deuteronomy 343 in the suite of a king יש בה בני אדם נאים ויש … ק׳ there are persons statelier (than he), and undersized etc.; (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 951 ארוכים ממנו … גּוּצִים ממנו).—5. קִיוֵּוץ. ↗ original

קְווּצּוֹת curls, locks. Nedarim 9ᵇ וקְווּצּוֹתָיו סדורות תלתלים and his curly hair was arranged in locks; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 36ᵈ bottom of the page; Tosefta Nazir 4, 7; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, end, 51ᶜ; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 4ᵇ; and elsewhere—Pesikta Rabbati section 26 העמדת … בעל ק׳ … מסלסל קווצותיו thou didst put up for them Elijah, the curly-headed man, and they sneered and laughed at him, (saying,) behold etc., see סִלְסֵל; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 262.—Masc. form: קְווּצִּין. Devarim Rabbah section 2 תפיסת קורצין (correct accordingly; edition Vilna edition תפיסות) the front hair cut so as to form ‘a handle of the locks’ (a gentile custom, see בְּלוּרִית). ↗ original

קְוָוקֵי (a cacophemism for κυριακαί; see next word) churches. Sanhedrin 74ᵇ, see דּוֹמִינְקֵי. ↗ original

קְוַוקְיָא singular a. plural (קוקו, onomatopoetic, compare קַוְקַו a. קָאקָא) [bleaters,] flock of sheep. Bereshith Rabbah section 74; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 130 אי הוה חמי ק׳ טבא וכ׳ when he saw a fine flock, he (Laban) took it for himself. Bereshith Rabbah section 64 לשעבר הוה לך חדא ק׳ … ק׳ סגין formerly thou hadst one flock only, but now thou hast many of them; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 111 קְוַוקְיָה חד … קווקיה סגיאין (masc.).—[Targum Proverbs 27, 23 קְוָוקיִיךְ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (see Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word קווק 2); see קְוָוטִין.] ↗ original

קווקין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᵈ, a corruption for קִיתוֹן. ↗ original

קוּזְדּוֹר , see קוּסְדּוֹר ↗ original

קוזות , see קוּזִּית, a. next word ↗ original

קוֹזְזוֹת (קזז), only in ק׳ אדמה cut pieces, clods of earth. Maʿǎser Sheni 5, 1; Bava Kamma 69ᵃ קְזוֹזוֹת (Manuscript Florence קוּזּוֹת; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 20). Bereshith Rabbah section 42, beginning היה אוכל ק׳ א׳ וכ׳ he (R. El. b. Horḳ’nos) ate (sucked) lumps of earth; Yaik. the same place (ibid.) 72 קזוזות. ↗ original

קוּזִּית (?) Ḳuzzith. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 6 סימון בן ק׳ (some edition קוזות); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vattomer, p. 134ᵃ סימאי בר קוסי. ↗ original

קוזמוזקוטרין , see קוֹזְמוֹקְרָטוֹר ↗ original

קוזמוטמוריסין , see קומטומוריסין ↗ original

קוזמוקטור , see next word ↗ original

קוֹזְמוֹקְרָטוֹר (κοσμοκράτωρ) lord of the world, cosmocrator (a title of the Roman emperor); in gen. universal chief. Tanchuma Vaëra 5 והיו … שיהיה ק׳ על כל המלכים all kings came and crowned him (Pharaoh) the cosmocrator over all kings; Shemoth Rabbah section 5 שהוא יום ק׳ (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ bottom of the page ואם תאמר ק׳ וכ׳ and if you say, he is cosmocrator, he rules over the dry land, does he rule over the sea?; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵇ top קוזמוקל׳. Esther Rabbah to 1, 2 כל מלך שאינו ק׳ וכ׳ no king that is not cosmocrator of the world, dare sit in it (Solomon’s throne). Pesikta Rabbati section 3 הק"בה … קזמיק׳ וכ׳ (correct accordingly) the Lord has made him (Joseph) a ruler, and should I not do him honor? Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 6 אע"פ שמניתיך ספיקולטור ק׳ על וכ׳ (not קפוקלטור) although I have appointed thee chief executioner of my creatures etc.; Vayikra Rabbah section 18 שעשיתיך קוזמוקטור (correct accordingly); and elsewhere—plural קוֹזְמוֹקְרָטוֹרִין. Bereshith Rabbah section 58 שרדף … ארבע מלכיות ק׳ (read: מלכים) he (Abraham) pursued four kings with the titles of cosmocrator. Esther Rabbah introduction to 1, 9 שלשה … ק׳ מסוף וכ׳ three kings that shall be rulers from end to end of the world; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 4 קוזמוקרוטין (correct accordingly); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shekalim, p. 14ᵃ קוזמוקלוט׳; Yalkut Shimoni Kings 247 קוזמוקוט׳, קוזמוקיט׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קוֹזְמִידְיָא (κοσμίδια S.) ornaments, jewelry. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 4, beginning 38ᶜ אילין ק׳ דאית וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קוֹזְמָרְיָא κοσμάρια) dare they not lend them the jewelry which they wear? ↗ original

קוזמיין , see next word ↗ original

קוֹזְמִין (also used as singular feminine) (κόσμος) jewelry. Devarim Rabbah section 2 end לאחד שגנב ק׳ וכ׳ like the case of one that stole jewelry from the royal palace, and gave it to his wife. Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 732 (not קוזמיין); Ylamdenu to Numbers 11, 1 quot in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh)—Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 854 אני נתתי ק׳ … אותה I gave (my daughter) jewelry, and you lost it. Pesikta Rabbati section 12. Tanchuma edition Buber edition Miḳḳets 9 אם בא … ק׳ שלך וכ׳ if a man should come to borrow thy jewels, wouldst thou lend them to him?; Yalkut Shimoni Job 919. Bereshith Rabbah section 19 כל ק׳ … וליתנם לה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) קוזמירין; edition קוזמיקון) all his jewels are there (in that barrel), and he wants to marry another wife and give them to her; Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 13 קומיס, קומיא (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קוֹזְמִיקוֹן (κοσμικός) universal; (of a wind) extending over the whole world. Bereshith Rabbah section 24 ואין לך ק׳ אלא וכ׳ there is no universal wind (mentioned in the Scriptures) except that in the case of Elijah (I Kings 19, 11); Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 6 (not קין …); Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵈ top קוֹסְמִיקוֹן; Yalkut Shimoni Kings 219 קזמ׳ (correct accordingly).—[Bereshith Rabbah section 19, see קוֹזְמִין.] ↗ original

קוזמירין , Bereshith Rabbah section 19 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth), read: קוֹזְמָרִין (see next word), see קוֹזְמִין. ↗ original

קוֹזְמָרְיָא masculine plural, see קוֹזְמִירְיָא ↗ original

קוּזְקְזָתָא (נקז) vessels for blood-letting. Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 2, 50ᵇ top אייתי … באילין קוּזְקְזַתְהוֹן brought (for comparison) … the various sorts of blood contained in their (the blood-letters’) vessels. ↗ original

קְוָחָא , see קְחָחָא ↗ original

קוּט [to shrink,] to feel aversion, be disgusted. Nif'al נִפְעַל נָקוֹט same. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 81ᵇ לא הספיק … עד שנָקְטָה נפשו עליו (for נָקוֹטָה, see Job 10, 1) he had not eaten much of the foul things, when he felt disgust; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 225. ↗ original

קוּט ² Ithpol. אִתְקוֹטָט, see קְטַט. ↗ original

קוֹטֶב , see next word ↗ original

קוּטְבִּי (קטב) small wine or olive press with a cylindrical beam. Sifra B’har, Parah 1, Chaldaic (Aramaic) I אין עושין זתים בבד ובק׳ (in the Sabbatical year) you must not press olives in a bad (see בַּד 2) or in a ḳuṭbi; Shevi'ith 8, 6 Munich manuscript a. Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Mishnah a. Babylonian edition קוֹטֶב); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 38ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6, 27 קתבי (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) קינבי, correct accordingly). Tosefta Tohoroth 10, 22 קתכו (correct accordingly). [In later Hebr. קוטב pole; Arab. polar star.] ↗ original

קוטיזמי , see קְטִיזְמָא ↗ original

קְוָטִין , see קְוָוטִין ↗ original

קוּטִּין , see קִיטֵּעַ ↗ original

קוּטִּית Ḳuṭṭith, a small liquid measure. Sifra K’dosh., Parah 3, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 8 (explained משורה, Leviticus 19, 35); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 617. ↗ original

קוטלא , Sifré Numbers 89 סק בק׳, read: אסקוטלא, as Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 735; see אִסְקוּטְלָא 2 ↗ original

קוּטְלָאוֹת chains, see קַטְלָא Hebrew ↗ original

קוּטְלֵזִין , see קַטְלָזוֹן ↗ original

קוטמא , Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 12, see קוּפְסָא ↗ original

קוּטְמִית , see קִטְמִית ↗ original

קוֹט (קָטָן) minority, childhood. Kethuboth 2, 10 ואלו … בגודלן מה שראו בקוֹטְנָן the following are admitted, when they are of age, to testify to what they have seen as minors. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 27ᵃ top הא בקוטנן לא but as long as they are minors are they not admitted? ↗ original

קוּטְנָא (the preceding) the thinner side. Shabbath 134ᵃ, see אוּלְמָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 7, 21ᵈ, see עוּבְיָא. tail. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 4, 4 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 קוֹטְנוֹי plural). ↗ original

קוּטְנִין (see קִיטְנִית) the beans of colocasia (ciborium). Maasroth 5, 8 אף הק׳ פטורין וכ׳ Babylonian edition (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition הקרטנים; Mishnah edition קוטנית) the colocasia beans are likewise exempt etc.; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 14 הקִיטִּין שלמטה וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading הקִנְטִּין; other edition הקניטין, correct accordingly) the beans beneath them (the colocasia leaves). ↗ original

קוטנית , see the preceding ↗ original

קוֹטֵעַ , see קִיטּוּעָה ↗ original

קוּטָּעִים = מְקוּטָּ׳, see קִיטֵּעַ ↗ original

קוּטְרָא , see קִיטְרָא I ↗ original

קוטרינין , see קונטרינים ↗ original

קוטריס , Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 45, see קַרְטֵיס ↗ original

קוי (Biblical Hebrew) [to circle, see קַו,] to cave or heap up, gather. participle passive קָווּי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵈ ואפי׳ ק׳ לתוך ידו even when the oil is held in the hollow of his hand. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְוָה, הִקְוָוה to gather, to conduct water courses into a common bed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵇ bottom of the page דוקל׳ ה׳ נהרות ועשאו Diocletian united several rivers and made it (the bay of Emesa); Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 24 (correct accordingly), see חֲמָץ. Bamidbar Rabbah section 13 כשה׳ הקב"ה וכ׳ when the Lord, on the third day of creation, gathered all the waters in one place; and elsewhere to add to the capacity of a bath. Tosefta Shekalim 1, 2 כל מקוה … כשר להַקְווֹת עליו a bath which has the (legally required) capacity of forty S’ah is fit to be added to (by carrying water into it in vessels). Tosefta Mikvaoth 3, 6; and elsewhere Pi'el פִּעֵל קִוָּוה, קִוָּה to look out (compare קַוָּא a. כַּוָּוא) to wait, hope. Bereshith Rabbah section 5 (play on יִקָּווּ, Genesis 1, 9) יְקַוּוּ לי המים מה וכ׳ let the waters look out for me (to see) what I shall do etc.; the same place (ibid.) section 28; Echah Rabbah to 1, 17; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 7; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 848; [perh. to be read יִקָּווּ Nif'al]. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 6 והיה … מְקַוֶּה לרופא וכ׳ and the patient anxiously waited for the physician (asking), when will he come? etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 635. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 3, see next word; and frequently ↗ original

קְוִיָּה (the preceding) hope, wish. — plural קְוִיּוֹת, קְוִויּ׳. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 3 שלש ק׳ … קִוּוּ וכ׳ three noble wishes did the Israelites entertain at the Red Sea, they wished for the Law etc. ↗ original

קְוִינָא , see קוּנְיָא ↗ original

קְוִיסְטוֹר (quaestor) quaestor, chancellor (corresp. to the office of סוֹפֵר). Echah Rabbah to 2, 1 (referring to Ezekiel 9, 2) שלשה … ק׳ ספקלטור וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קייסטור, edition קסנטור; correct accordingly) that angel served in three capacities, as chancellor, executioner and high priest; Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 349 קריס׳ (correct accordingly).—5. קוּסְדּוֹר. ↗ original

קוֹכְלִיאָס , see כּוֹכְלִיאָס ↗ original

קוֹל see קהל) voice, call, sound. Kerithoth 6ᵃ; Pesachim 26ᵃ ק׳ מראה וריח וכ׳ the enjoyment of sound, sight or smell does not come under the category of misuse of sacred property (מְעַילָה). Zevachim 88ᵇ יבא דבר שבק׳ ויכפר על ק׳ הרע let that which is accompanied by sound (the high priest’s robe) bring atonement for evil sound (evil talk). Bereshith Rabbah section 17 קוֹלָהּ הולך woman’s voice is penetrating. Pesachim 56ᵃ בק׳ רם in a loud voice, opposite בחשאי. Kethuboth 16ᵃ bottom of the page יש לה ק׳ is spoken about, is known among people; and very frequently—בת ק׳, see בַּת I.—plural קוֹלוֹת, construct state קוֹלֵי. Shemoth Rabbah section 5 הקול יוצא ונחלק לשבעים ק׳ וכ׳ the voice (of revelation) went forth and was divided into seventy voices corresponding to seventy languages. Berachoth 15ᵇ בקולי ק׳ under loud cries; and frequently—[קול מזמסיא, see מַזְיָא.] ↗ original

קוּל to be light, see קִיל. ↗ original

קוּל ² (the preceding; see קָלַל) light matter. — plural קוּלִּין, construct state קוּלֵּי. Shabbath 29ᵃ ומק׳ מטלניות שנו כאן and they teach here rules about one of the pettiest kinds of strips. the same place (ibid.) 39ᵇ חוץ מק׳ מטלניות except the rule concerning the lightest kinds etc. lenient practice, opposite חוֹמֶר. Challah 4, 5 נמצא חומרו קוּלּוֹ consequently the stricter opinion (of R. Akiba) implies the eventual lenient ruling. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 59ᵈ bottom of the page קולו חומרו the lenient rule implies eventually the stricter rule. Sanhedrin 11, 2 נמצא חומרו קולו his severer offence (in giving a practical decision without authorization to teach) is the cause of his acquittal from responsibility.—plural קוּלִּים, קוּלִּין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 11, 30ᵃ bottom of the page Chullin 43ᵇ bottom of the page מקוּלֵּי בית שמאי ומק׳ וכ׳ he that follows the school of Shammai where its rulings are the easier, and again the school of Hillel where its rulings are the easier. the same place (ibid.) 44ᵃ כקוּלֵּיהֶן, see חוֹמֶר I. Kethuboth 110ᵇ מקולי כתובה וכ׳ they taught here one of the lenient practices concerning the wife’s dowry; and elsewhere—קוּלּוֹת (frequently קוּלָּה) light, minor sins. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᵇ top קוּלּוֹתָיו … חומרותיו וכ׳ Ahab’s minor offences were as heavy as Jeroboam’s heaviest sins; (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 102ᵇ קַלּוֹת … כחמורות). ↗ original

קוּלָּא , lenient rule, easier practice. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ את סבר הדא … לק׳ וכ׳ you may think that this opinion of Rabbenu Shimshon b. G. is an alleviation, but it is nothing but a restriction. Betzah 3ᵇ כל ספיקא דרבנן לק׳ a doubtful case in which a rabbinical enactment is under consideration, is decided in favor of the easier practice; and frequently—plural קוּלִּין, קוּלֵּי. Pesachim 55ᵃ top תנא ק׳ ק׳ קתני the teacher (in saying there is no difference etc., 54ᵇ) speaks only of alleviations (permitted acts). ↗ original

קוֹלָא 1 (קלא, compare כְּלֵי I a. כְּלָאֵי) compartment, enclosure. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 25, 8 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קובתא).—plural קוֹלִין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 24, 25 (corresp. to Hebrew קלעים, Sanhedrin 106ᵃ). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 6, 14.—5. קִיל I a. קוֹלִין. snare. Targum Amos 3, 5. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 9, 12 Bxt. (edition תקולא). Targum Psalms 69, 23 (edition Vilna edition קוּ׳; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קלא, manuscript תקלא). the same place (ibid.) 124, 7 Regia (edition פַּחֵי).—plural as ab. Targum Hosea 9, 8. ↗ original

קוֹלָא 2 (the preceding; compare כֶּלִי) bowl. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ הדא ק׳, see קוּלְתָא.]—plural קוֹלִין, קוֹלַיָּא, קוּ׳. Targum 2 Kings 12, 14. Targum 2 Samuel 17, 28. Targum I Kings 7, 50. Targum Jeremiah 52, 19.—Esther Rabbah to 1, 8 חמרא דקוליה, see קוּלְתָא.— (compare כֶּלִי) dress. Vayikra Rabbah section 37 דאנן זבנין חד ק׳ להדא וכ׳ for we want to buy a (wedding) dress for that orphan girl; [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חדא קולב; comment: an ornament, clasp (?).] ↗ original

קָולא , Vayikra Rabbah section 15, see קִילָא 2, a. קוּרָא 2. ↗ original

קוֹלָאר , see קוֹלָר ↗ original

*קוֹלָב (κολόβιον) a tunic with short sleeves. Vayikra Rabbah section 37 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קוֹלָא 2, 2.—5. קוֹלְבִין. ↗ original

קוּלָב 1 (compare next word) [grappler,] a stand with steps, and with nails and hooks for the exhibition of goods in front of a shop; rack. Shabbath 60ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 8ᵇ; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 3, 13. Sifra Sh’mini, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 7, Parah 6 (quoted in Maimonides to Kelim 16, 7 הקֶלֶב); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 538. ↗ original

קוּלָב 2 (= כּוּלָב) axe. Bereshith Rabbah section 35; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 61 ק׳ רותח a hot axe (?). ↗ original

קוּלַב Bereshith Rabbah section 38; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 62, see כּוּלָב. Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 6 קוּלְבֵי, see כּוּלָב. [Sanhedrin 103ᵃ קולבא Rashi, (edition קולבאי), a gloss for זייניה, see קוּלְתָא. Rashi: ק׳ רעיא the mean shepherd, taking ק׳ = כַּלְבָּא.]–plural קוּלְבַיָּא. Targum Jeremiah 46, 22 quoted in ‘Rashi’ to Bereshith Rabbah section 35 (see the preceding; edition כשילין).—[קוּלְבָאֵי Sanhedrin the passage cited; Bava Metzia 84ᵇ Manuscript Florence (Manuscript Rome 2 קלביא; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 80), see above, a. כּוּלָב.] ↗ original

קוֹלְבּוֹן (κόλλυβος) rate of exchange, agio. Shekalim 1, 6 ואלו שחייבין בקו׳ Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Mishnah a. Babylonian edition בקל׳) the following persons are bound to pay agio (on their half-Shekel). the same place (ibid.) 7 וכמה הוא ק׳ וכ׳ and how much is the agio? A M’ʿah silver. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 46ᵇ קוֹלְבָּנוֹ תורה (Babylonian edition קל׳) the premium he has to pay is intimated in the Torah (Exodus 30, 13, because he has to pay the silver value of half a Shekel). the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 8; and elsewhere—Bechoroth 50ᵃ ק׳ לפרוטרוט (not קיל׳) the dipondium is agio (an addition) to the units (making fifty, as a round sum, instead of forty-eight, see Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage)).—plural קוֹלְבּוֹנִין, קוֹלְבּוֹנוֹת, קָלְבּוֹ׳. Tosefta Shekalim the passage cited חייב שני ק׳ is bound to pay double the agio. the same place (ibid.) וק׳ אלו מה עושין להם and what is done with those agios? Shekalim 1, 6 ק׳, a. קוֹלְבָּנ׳ Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Mishnah edition קלבו׳; Babylonian edition קולבנ׳). ↗ original

קוֹלְבִין singular a. plural (κολόβιον) a tunic without or with short sleeves. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵈ top קובלין (correct accordingly), see דַּלְמָטִיקִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵇ bottom of the page (explained מעטפות, Isaiah 3, 22), see מַעֲפָרָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 16, 15ᵈ (among the garments permitted to be saved from fire on the Sabbath) ק׳ של פשתן a linen tunic; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 120ᵃ קלבוס (Munich manuscript קנבוס; correct accordingly). ↗ original

קוֹלְבָן (denominative of קוּלָב 2) one whose legs are axe-shaped, club-footed. Sifra Emor, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2, Parah 3; Tosefta Bechoroth 5, 9; Bechoroth 45ᵃ הקי׳. ↗ original

קוֹלְבָּן , see קוֹלְבּוֹן ↗ original

קולוטוס , read: קֵילֵיטֵיס which see ↗ original

קוֹלוֹן (Colonus) אבא ק׳ AbbaḲolon, a legendary person connected with the foundation of Rome. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 6. ↗ original

קוֹלוֹס (probably a corruption of κολικός, supply (understood word) חולי; compare Syriac (Peshitta) כאבא דקולון Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1659) colic. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, 14ᵈ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᵈ ↗ original

קולורית , see קִילּוּרִית ↗ original

קוֹלֵחַ , plural קוֹלְחוֹת, see קֶלַח. ↗ original

קוּלְחָא , see קִלְחָא ↗ original

קוּלְטָא , see קִלְטָא ↗ original

קוּלְיָא (קְלֵי 2) parched grain; flour made of parched grain. Targum Ezekiel 27, 17 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קִילְ׳; edition Venice I קִילּוּיָא; some edition קוּלַיָּא plural; edition Lagarde edition קלוויא; Hebrew text פגן).—see קֳלִי. ↗ original

קוּלְיָא 2 (the preceding) ashes of an alkaline plant. Eruvin 28ᵇ מערבין בקול׳ Munich manuscript (edition בקל׳) you may use ḳulia for an ‘Erub (see עֵירוּב), explained בירקא דק׳ the plant from which ḳ. is won. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 9, end, 12ᵇ, see קִימוֹלְיָא. ↗ original

קוֹלְיָאס , see קוֹלְיָיס ↗ original

קוליינון , see next word ↗ original

קוֹלְיָינִין (קלי; compare קוֹלָא I) curtained enclosures, canopies. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 4 (explained עגלות צב, Numbers 7, 3) דומות לק׳ (not נון …) resembling canopies (see אִסְקְפַסְטִי); Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 לקל׳; (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 713 לקליעות; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 8ᵃ לקילקילין, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) לקוליינין). ↗ original

קוֹלְיָיס (κολίας) colias, a kind of tunny fish. Tosefta Chullin 3 (4), 27, see אֲקוּנָס. Makhshirin 6, 3 ק׳ האספנין (edition Dehr. האספנן), see אִסְפָּנִי; Tosefta Betzah 2, 1 קולייס האיספון edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (edition only קוליס). Tanchuma Ki Thissa 32 היה משה … כק׳ הזה וכ׳ Moses moved in the heavens like a colias (swimming in the water), until he arrived etc. ↗ original

קוֹלִין (see קוֹלָא I) בֵּית ק׳ (= Biblical Hebrew בית הכלא) prison. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 13. ↗ original

קוֹלְיָס , see קוֹלְיָיס ↗ original

קוּלִיס , see מֶרְקוּלִיס ↗ original

קוֹלִּירָא , see קִילּוּר ↗ original

קוּלִית (see קוֹלָא, a. קוּלְתָא) [something hollow and round,] ball; globule. T’bul Yom 1, 1 ק׳ של מים המחולחלת (not שלמים) a hollow ball of water, bubble, froth; the same place (ibid.) 2 ק׳ של מים שאינה מחולחלת a solid water globule, drop marrow-bone, especially thigh-bone. Tosefta Pesachim 6, 10 מוח שבראש ושבק׳ the marrow in the head (brain) or in a bone; Pesachim 84ᵇ. Tosefta Oholoth 4, 3 ק׳ המת וכ׳ if one makes a handle for a knife out of a marrow-bone of a human body. Tosefta ʿUktsin 2, 5. Bereshith Rabbah section 10; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוֹלְמוֹז , see קוֹלְמוֹס Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

קוֹלְמוֹס (calamus) reed, writing pen. Shabbath 92ᵇ שנים … בק׳ כותבין if two take hold … of a pen and write; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 9 (10), 10; Sifra Vayiḳra, Ḥob., Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9, Parah 7. Shabbath 1, 3 בקוֹלְמוֹסוֹ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3ᵇ, see לִבְלָר. Taanith 20ᵇ לפיכך זכה קנה … ק׳ וכ׳ therefore (because of its yielding nature) the reed was privileged to supply the pen with which to write the Torah etc. Tanchuma Ki Thissa 37 עד שמשה … נשתייר בק׳ וכ׳ when Moses wrote the Torah, something (of the fire-ink) was left in the pen, and he passed it over his head etc. Pesachim 118ᵇ (referring to Psalms 68, 31) געור בחיה … בק׳ אחד rebuke the beast (Rome) all of whose deeds are written down with the same pen (of tyranny); and frequently—Chullin 30ᵇ שחיטה העשויה כק׳ a cut (of the animal’s throat) shaped like the cut of a writing reed (slanting).—plural קוֹלְמוֹסִים, קוֹלְמוֹסִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 12, 13ᶜ bottom of the page כמין ק׳ היו עשויין the boards were cut like pens (thinner and slanting on top). Bereshith Rabbah section 58, and elsewhere כמה ק׳ משתברין how many pens were broken etc., see דְּיוֹ. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 7, 12 הק׳ metal pens (styluses; Kelim 12, 8 singular). Shabbath 11ᵃ אם יהיו … ואנמים ק׳ וכ׳ if all seas were ink, and all reeds pens etc.; Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 25 קלְמוֹסִים (edition Schechter קול׳, variant reading קוּלְמְסִין). ↗ original

קוֹלְמוֹס ² Targum Judges 5, 14. Targum Job 19, 24 (manuscript קולמוז). Targum 2 Esther 3, 9; and elsewhere—Gittin 6ᵃ top, see קַן.—plural construct state קוּלְמְסֵי, see מַזְיָא. ↗ original

קולמז , see מזְיָא ↗ original

קולמיות , Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 87ᵃ Oxford manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קְרוֹמִית ↗ original

קולמן , see מַזְיָא ↗ original

קוּלְמְס־ , see קוֹלְמוֹס ↗ original

קוֹלָן 1 (κόλλα, accus.) glue. Pesachim 3, 1 ק׳ של סופרים the glue which the scribes use (to paste together strips of papyrus etc.), see פֵּירוּרָא. the same place (ibid.) 42ᵇ ק׳ של רצענין the leather-workers’ paste. ↗ original

קוֹלָן 2 (denominative of קוֹל) shouter, especially night-guard, crier. —plural קוֹלָנִים, קוֹלָנִין. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 66ᵇ ואח"כ הביא עליהם ק׳ כגון הצפרדעים and then the Lord brought shouters against them (like troops preparing an attack), that is the frogs; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 182; Pesikta Rabbati section 17 קָלָנִים; Tanchuma Bo 4 קָלָאנִים (frequently Chaldaic (Aramaic) קָלָא). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 12 העמיד עליהם ק׳ וכ׳, see בוקינוס; the same place (ibid.) התחיל העמיד … בקלאנים (correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 983 העמיד … קלנים לעוררן he appointed criers over them to wake them up. Vayikra Rabbah section 16 אילין צפריא ק׳ … יבא הקול וכ׳ birds (for the leper’s sacrifice, Leviticus 14, 4) are noise-makers; the Lord said, let the voice come and bring atonement for the sin of the voice (evil gossip); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 559. Tanchuma T’tsavveh 11 (play on מׄרׄיםׄ קׄלׄון, Proverbs 3, 35, with allusion to וירם תולעים, Exodus 16, 20) היתה קׄלׄאנׄין של תולעים וכי a night watch of vermin (that keep people awake) went forth etc.; Ylamdenu to Exodus 28 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קלנין; (Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 935 היו תולעים וכ׳).—Fem. קוֹלָנִית a screaming woman. Kethuboth 7, 6 אף הק׳ also a screamer (may be sent away without a dowry); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 7, 7; (variously explained) Kethuboth 72ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7, 31ᵇ and the following—plural קוֹלָנִיּוֹת. Tanchuma Naso 2 דרך … לא ק׳ וכ׳ the daughters of Israel are not loud, nor walk with uplifted foot etc. (Tanchuma edition Buber edition the same place (ibid.) 4 sing.). ↗ original

קוֹלָס (קלס to be round; compare קוֹלָא, קוּלִית etc.) cap, helmet. — plural קוֹלָסִים, קוֹלָסִין, קוֹלָסוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 99 אילו לובשי כובעים ואילו לובשי ק׳ Midrash Haggadol (communic. by S. Schechter; edition קיסים, correct accordingly) they (the priests) wear turbans, and they (the Greek soldiers) wear helmets. Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 885 הואיל והם יוצאין בקלוסין … יוצא בקלוסין (correct accordingly) as they (the gentiles) go out with helmets, so will I etc.; Sifré Deuteronomy 81 בתולסין (correct accordingly). Zevachim 88ᵇ קונאות של קולסות (Musafia under the word קונאות; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 5), see קוֹנָאוֹת.—[Bereshith Rabbah section 19 קולסין (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 27 דקיסלוון) girdles tied around like a turban, see קוּלְסִיתָא.] קוֹלְסֵי כרוב cabbage-heads. ʿUktsin 1, 4 שרשי ק׳ הכרוב (edition Dehr. קָלְסֵי אכרוב) cabbage stalks; (Maimonides: the shoots under the head, which are thrown away). Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 5, 63ᵃ top of the page Tosefta Shevi'ith 7, 17 שורשי ק׳ הכ׳ וכ׳ cabbage stalks in the ground even if they are dried up.—5. קָלַס 2. ↗ original

קוֹלַס helmet. Targum I Samuel 17, 5 (Rashi to Zevachim 88ᵇ קל׳); and elsewhere—plural קוּלְסִין, קוּלְסַיָּא, קַלְ׳. Targum Ezekiel 23, 15 (Hebrew text טבולים). the same place (ibid.) 24. Targum Jeremiah 46, 4; and elsewhere— cabbage-head; in a transferred sense one of repulsive appearance (or perh. blockhead). Yevamoth 118ᵇ דק׳ גברא וכ׳ when the husband is a cabbage-head, the wife requires no lentils for the pot, i.e. a woman is contented with any husband, in the poorest circumstances, rather than remain single; [Rashi: ק׳ of a disreputable family, see קְלַס; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): קַלָּסָא a cabbage gardener, see נַפָּצָא]; Kethuboth 75ᵃ דקלסא (Rashi דקול׳). ↗ original

קוּלְסִיתָא (the preceding) turban, head-dress. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 2, 62ᵈ דמטמרא לה תחות קלוסיתה דראשה (correct accordingly) she had hidden it (her blemish) under her head-dress. belt. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sebu. 6, 37ᵃ bottom of the page והוה … דקוּלְסִיתָהּ וכ׳ she had two Denars tied up between the folds of her belt. ↗ original

קוּלְפָא (קְלַף) a peeled pole, lance. Shabbath 63ᵃ (explained אַלָּה) ק׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Oxford manuscript קופל). [peeled or scraped leather,] strap. Berachoth 58ᵃ יהבו ליה ק׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 5) they gave him the strap, i.e. gave him the privilege of inflicting punishment; Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 362 קיל׳. Berachoth the passage cited מחייא ליה בקוּלְפֵיה דפרזלא וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition בקולפא only) he struck him with his iron-pointed whip and killed him; Yalkut Shimoni the passage cited בקיל׳. Kethuboth 65ᵃ מחתה לה בק׳ דשידא she struck her with the strap of a chest (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בק׳ דשיראי with a silken strap).—plural קוּלְפֵי. Berachoth 56ᵃ תרין ק׳ בלעת thou shalt receive two lashes. Menachoth 7ᵃ; Arachin 22ᵃ, see בְּלַע. Sanhedrin 110ᵃ; Pesachim 119ᵃ, see קוּפְלָא I. parchment, see קִלְפָא. ↗ original

קולקין , see קִילְקִי ↗ original

קולקלון , see קִילְקִלִּין ↗ original

קולקלין , see קִילְקִי ↗ original

קוּלְקַלְתָּא , see קִיקֶלְתָּא ↗ original

קוֹלְקָס colcas, colocasia, an edible root of the Egyptian bean (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Colocasia). Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᶜ bottom of the page [read.] ק׳ כירק למעשרות וכ׳ colocasia is treated as greens (יֶרֶק) as regards tithes etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 7, beginning 40ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 31ᵃ. Tosefta Maasroth 3, 14; Maasroth 5, 8 קרְקָס (Bartenora, Bertinora קוּרְקָס; Yerushalmi (prefix) edition קריקם, correct accordingly; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 52ᵃ bottom of the page קריקם. ↗ original

קוֹלְקַסְיָיא feminine same. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, end, 34ᵇ עלי ק׳ (not קולקסיי) the leaves of colocasia; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 7, beginning 40ᵇ קלוקסייה. the same place (ibid.) קלוקסיה. ↗ original

קוֹלָר (collare) collar, (Roman) prisoner’s band or chain around the neck. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 9, beginning 41ᵇ הנודר … ק׳ על צוארו he who makes a vow is like one putting a collar around his neck. the same place (ibid.) [read:] לקוסטודיא … וראה ק׳ אחד פנוי וכ׳ it is as if a guard passed by (with prisoners), and some one seeing a collar vacant would put his head into it. Gittin 6, 5 היוצא בק׳ וכ׳ if one is led out in chains (a prisoner) and says, write ye a letter of divorce etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 48ᵃ bottom of the page לא סוף דבר בק׳ של סכנה אלא אפי׳ בק׳ של ממון this refers not only to a prisoner in danger (to be tried for his life), but also to a prisoner to be tried for a money matter; שכל הק׳ וכ׳ for every prisoner is to be considered in danger of his life. Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 65ᵇ גניבא יוצא בק׳ הוה G’niba was taken prisoner; (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) the passage cited אתאפק למתקטלא). Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Z’ʿera) העביר ק׳ מצוארו וכ׳ he (King Hosea) removed the collar (of responsibility) from his neck, and put it on the neck of the people etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Kings 236. Sanhedrin 7ᵇ, and elsewhere עשרה … ק׳ תלוי וכ׳ if ten men sit in court, the responsibility rests upon every one of them; and frequently—plural קוֹלָרִים, קוֹלָרִין.—[Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 10, 10 מפיל בקולרים, see קְלִירוֹס.]—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 7, 11ᶜ (Daniel said,) בניו … בק׳ וכ׳ His children are in chains (in the Babylonian exile), where is His strength (that we should say הגבור)? (Yoma 69ᵇ נכרים משתעבדים בבניו). Yalkut Shimoni the passage cited אחר מפלתו … שבאו עמו בק׳ וכ׳ after the downfall of Sennacherib Ezekiah arose and freed all the people that had come with him in chains (the Egyptian prisoners) etc.; and elsewhere—Transferred a chain of men, gang. Yevamoth 122ᵃ ק׳ של בני אדם וכ׳ a party of men travelling to Antiochia; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 14, 7 קוֹלָאר (variant reading קולר).—plural as ab. Kiddushin 72ᵇ ק׳ ק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition only once ק׳), a variant reading to צוורני (see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)), see צוְורָנָא. ↗ original

קוֹלָרָא —plural קוֹלָרַיָּא, קוֹלָרִין. Targum Ezekiel 19, 9 (perh. singular = collarium). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 21, 29 (edition Amsterdam edition קוֹלַרְיָיא = collaria). ↗ original

קולריא , Vayikra Rabbah section 16, some edition קולירא, see קִילּוּר. ↗ original

קוֹלַרְיָיא , see קוֹלָרָא ↗ original

קולרית , see קִילּוּרִית ↗ original

קוּלְשָׁא (קְלַשׁ) thinness, flat part, opposite סוּמְכָא. Chullin 55ᵇ בקוּלְשֵׁיה on the flat part of the milt. ↗ original

קוּלְתָא (see קוֹלָא 2) pitcher, jar. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 41ᵈ top איתגליית ק׳ דמיא a pitcher of water had been left uncovered; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 10, 3ᵈ top קלותא (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ הדא ק׳ וכ׳ (not קולא), see שְׁתַם. Vayikra Rabbah section 33 (play on נׄבׄוכׄדׄ נׄצׄרׄ) נׄבׄח ככלבא נפיח כק׳ נׄצׄרׄ וכ׳ bark like a dog, be blown up (distended) like a pitcher (כַֹּדֹ), and chirp like a cricket; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 14. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Aḥăré, p. 176ᵇ קוּלְתִיךְ; Kethuboth 62ᵇ קוּלְתִךְ, and elsewhere, see מְלֵי. Bava Metzia 84ᵇ; Sanhedrin 103ᵃ [read:] באתר דמרי ביתא תלא זייניה תמן רעיא קוּלְתֵיה תלא (variant reading quoted in Rashi קוּדְּתֵיה, see קוּדָּא; כולבא, or קולבא, קולבאי, a gloss for זייניה, or the reverse) where the master of the house hangs up his armor, the shepherd hangs up his pitcher (said of an unworthy successor of a distinguished man); Vayikra Rabbah section 4; Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 16, see כּוּלָב [where correct pitcher for bag]; and elsewhere—plural masculine קוּלַיָּא, קוּלַיָּה. Esther Rabbah to 1, 8 חמרא דק׳ wine from jars, opposite דזיקין kept in leather bottles. ↗ original

קולתא , Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22, read: קִילְתָא, see קִילָא 2, a. קוֹרָא 2. ↗ original

קוּם (Biblical Hebrew) to stand up, rise; to stand, exist. Sifré Deuteronomy 357 (referring to Deuteronomy 34, 10) אבל באומות קָם וכ׳ but among the nations he (a prophet like Moses) has existed etc.; Rosh Hashanah 21ᵇ בנביאים לא קם וכ׳ among the prophets never one arose like Moses, but among the rulers one did arise (Solomon). Tanchuma Beshallach 16 שכל הַקָּם … כאילו קם וכ׳ whoever rises against Israel is considered as if he rose against the Sh’khinah. the same place (ibid.) (referring to Exodus 15, 7) הרבית … כל הקָּמִים לנגדך thou hast often shown thyself glorious over all that rose against thee; and very frequently—קוּם עֲשֵׂה rise and do, a transgression of a prohibitive law which you must repair by an action, see נָתַק. Chullin 12, 4. Makkoth 15ᵇ, see below; and frequently—5. קַיָּים. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיֵּים to establish; to attest, identify. Gittin 2ᵇ אין עדים מצויין לקַיְּימוֹ no witnesses are likely to be found to attest it (identify the signatures). the same place (ibid.) 6ᵃ כולי עלמא בעינן לקיימו all agree that identifiation by witnesses is required. Bava Metzia 7ᵃ מודה בשטר … צריך לקיימו even if the debtor admits that he has written the note, the creditor must establish its identity (or else the debtor may maintain that the debt has been paid). Gittin 3, 4 וקיְּימוּ את דבריו and they sustained his opinion. Kethuboth 20ᵃ אין מְקַיְּימִין … אלא משטר וכ׳ a document can be identified only by comparison of the signatures with those on a document that had been disputed and declared valid in court. the same place (ibid.) אין מקיימין … משתי כתובות וכ׳ a document can be identified only by comparison of signatures with two marriage deeds or deeds of sale of two fields etc. Nedarim 72ᵃ שמע וק׳ if he heard her vow and confirmed it. Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 56ᶜ top קִיַּימְתִּיהָ כשחל וכ׳ I sustain that opinion for a case when etc.; and frequently—participle passive מְקוּיָּים. Bava Metzia the passage cited במק׳ דברי וכ׳ if the document has been identified, all agree etc.; and elsewhere to fulfill, carry out, execute. Yoma 28ᵇ ק׳ אברהם וכ׳ Abraham fulfilled the whole Law. Makkoth the passage cited כל מצות … ק׳ וכ׳ in the case of a transgression of a prohibitive law for which reparation is commanded, if the transgressor fulfills the prescribed reparation, he is free (from legal punishment), but if he made the reparation impossible etc. the same place (ibid.) ור"ש בן ל׳ קִיְּימוֹ ולא קִיְּימוֹ Rabbenu Shimshon ben L. reads, if he makes reparation (he is free), and if he refuses, (he is punished); the same place (ibid.) 15ᵃ למאן דאמר ק׳ ולא ק׳ according to him who reads ḳiyy’mo v’lo ḳiyy’mo (punishment can be executed as soon as one refuses to make reparation, although reparation is not made impossible); Chullin 141ᵃ. Avoth 4, 9 כל הַמְקַיֵּים … לקַיְּימָהּ מעושר he who maintains (studies and observes) the Law in poverty, shall finally maintain it in wealth. Sotah 13ᵃ and the following אמרו ק׳ זה כל וכ׳ they said, this one (Joseph in the coffin) has fulfilled what is written in this (the tablets in the ark of the covenant). Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 57ᵇ top רצה מְקַיְּימָהּ if he so desires, he observes it (his own decree). Berachoth 9ᵇ ועבדום … ק׳ בהם וכ׳ the Lord fulfilled on them ‘and they shall make them serve etc.’ (Genesis 15, 14), but he did not fulfill on them etc.; and very frequently—מה אני מקיים וכ׳ how can I maintain the words etc., i.e. in what way can this Scriptural verse which seems to conflict with my opinion be interpreted? Rosh Hashanah 21ᵇ אלא מה אני מקיים ביקש וכ׳ and how do I interpret the verse biḳḳesh etc. (Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 10)? Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᶜ bottom of the page מה מקיים … בנים how does R. Elazar interpret banim etc. (Deuteronomy 14, 1)?; and frequently to sustain, preserve alive, save. Sanhedrin 4, 5 כל המקיים … כאילו ק׳ וכ׳ he who saves one life … is considered … as if he had preserved the whole world; Bava Bathra 11ᵃ. Avoth 5, 1 צדיקים שמקיימין את העילם וכ׳ the righteous who sustain the world which was created etc. Kilayim 5, 8 המקיים קוצים בכרם he who keeps (cultivates) thorns in a vineyard. the same place (ibid.) דבר שכמוהו מקיימין a plant of the kind that people are wont to cultivate; and elsewhere—4) to place (on the chafing stove). Tosefta Shabbath 3, 1 ואין מקיימין עליה וכ׳ (not לה) you must not place dishes on it, until it is swept or covered with ashes. the same place (ibid.) 3; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, beginning 5ᶜ; and elsewhere Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַיֵּים, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַיֵּים to be established, identified. Gittin 1, 3 יִתְקַיֵּים בחותמיו let the genuineness of the document be established through its signers (the witnesses subscribed or through others identifying their signatures); and frequently to be fulfilled, realized. Makkoth 24ᵇ עד שלא נִתְקַיְּימָה … שלא תִתְקַיֵּים נבואתו וכ׳ as long as the prophecy of Uriah (Micah 3, 12) was not fulfilled, I was afraid lest Zechariah’s prophecy (Zechariah 8, 4) fail to come true; עכשיו שנתקיימה … מִתְקַיֶּימֶת now that Uriah’s prophecy has been fulfilled, it is sure that Zechariah’s will come true. Tosefta Sanhedrin 11, 8; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 11, 30ᵃ bottom of the page וכולן נִתְקַיְּימוּ, see מִדָּה. Berachoth 55ᵃ מקצתו מתקיים וכ׳ part of a dream may come true, but the whole of it will not. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 1, 3 מִתְקַיְּימוֹת are executed, see עֵצָה 2; and frequently to be preserved; to last, endure. Gittin 2, 3 בכל דבר שאינו מתקיים with any writing-ink which does not endure. Pesachim 68ᵇ אילמלא … לא נתקיימו וכ׳ but for the Law, heaven and earth would not continue to exist. Taanith 7ᵃ מה … מִתְקַיְּימִין וכ׳ as these three liquids can be preserved only in the lowest kind of vessels, so will the words of the Law stay with him only whose mind is lowly. Eruvin 54ᵃ תלמודו מתק׳ בידו his learning will remain with him (in his memory). Shevi'ith 7, 2 מתק׳ בארץ plants the roots of which continue in the ground (perennials). Avoth 4, 11 כל כנסיה … סופה להִתְקַיֵּים every union for a sacred purpose is destined to last. the same place (ibid.) 5, 17 כל מחלוקת … סופה להתק׳ a contest for a sacred purpose is bound to have an enduring effect; and frequently to be maintained, be harmonised. Mechilta Mishpatim section 20 כיצד יִתְקַיְּימוּ שני מקראות הללו how can these two verses be harmonised?; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֵקִים to put up, erect. Shemoth Rabbah section 52 בואו שנָקִים וכ׳ come, for we will put up the Tabernacle. the same place (ibid.) שרתה … והֵקִימוֹ the holy spirit came upon him, and he put it up. Tanchuma P’ḳudé 11 אני כותב עליך שאתה הֲקִימֹתוֹ I will record about thee, that thou didst put it up; and frequently to confirm (a woman’s vow). Nedarim 67ᵇ אי ה׳ ה׳ if he (the father) has confirmed it, it stands confirmed (the betrothed cannot annul it). the same place (ibid.) 69ᵃ יש שאלה בהָקֵם can a confirmation (by one of the two, the father or the husband) be reconsidered? (see שְׁאֵלָה), see הָקֵם; and elsewhere Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּקַם to be put up. Tanchuma the passage cited כיון שה׳ המשכן מיד וכ׳ as soon as the Tabernacle was erected, the Divine Presence came down etc. Tanchuma Naso 23. Bamidbar Rabbah section 12; and frequently ↗ original

קוּם ² same. Targum Genesis 22, 3. Targum Leviticus 25, 30; and very frequently—participle קָאֵים, apocop. קָאֵי (which see); קָיֵם, קָיֵים; feminine קָיְימָא; plural קָיְימִין; קָיְימָן, קָיְמ׳. Targum Joshua 4, 10. Targum Onkelos Exodus 26, 15 (Yerushalmi (prefix) קַיָּמִין); and very frequently—Bava Metzia 19ᵃ (explained דייתיקי) דא תהי למֵיקַם וכ׳ this is to stand and be, that when I die etc. Bava Bathra 43ᵇ bottom of the page ארעא היכא דקָיְימָא תֵיקוּם let the land remain where it is (in the possession of the present incumbent). Bereshith Rabbah section 65 ברייך יְקוּם לך may thy Creator stand by thee. Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 1 היידי הוא גברא דקָם ליה עיגוליה here is (I am) the man whom his loaf of bread assisted (who was rewarded for throwing his bread into the sea). Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᶜ bottom of the page וקָמוּן and they remained (in the trade), see עֲקַר I. Makkoth 22ᵇ דקָיְימֵי מקמי וכ׳ who stand up before a scroll of the Law and do not stand up before a great man. Kiddushin 33ᵇ קום מקמיה אביך stand up before thy father. the same place (ibid.) קָאִימְנָא מקמיה I should stand up before him. the same place (ibid.)ᵃ מֵיקַם לא קָאֵי הידור וכ׳ he stood not up before them (gentile old men), but he showed them honor. Bava Metzia 7ᵃ ברשותיה קָיְימָא it is in his possession. Vayikra Rabbah section 16 (referring to Isaiah 5, 19) נדע דמן הוא דקיימא וכ׳ that we know whose counsel will stand (prevail), ours or his; the same place (ibid.) לא ק׳ דידי וק׳ דלהון my counsel does not stand, shall theirs stand?; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 266 הא קָמַת דידהון דידי לא now, theirs is carried out, and mine should not be?; Yalkut Shimoni Lamentations 1033, and the following (read עצא for על); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vattom., p. 133ᵃ (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 1, 40ᵇ top בחרש אנן קָיְימִין we are standing at (are treating of) the case of a deaf mute. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 51ᵇ, and frequently (ב)מה (א)נן קיימין what are we treating of?; and very frequently—Yevamoth 32ᵃ וקם ליה באשר לא יבנה וכ׳ (by giving ḥălitsah to one of his brother’s widows) he has been declared one ‘who does not build up his brother’s house’ (Deuteronomy 25, 9), and the Law says, when one has once refused ‘to build’, one must not ‘build’ again (marry another of his brother’s widows); the same place (ibid.) 44ᵃ.—Shevuoth 26ᵃ כי הוו קיימי מקמיה דרב (Manuscript Florence מפטרי) when they were out of Rab’s sight, opposite כי אתו לקמיה.—ק׳ על, also ק׳ ב־ (compare עמד) a) to ascertain. Avodah Zarah 35ᵇ ליכא למֵיקַם עלה דמילתא it cannot be ascertained; and elsewhere—Bava Metzia 19ᵃ קָמוּ … במילתא the Rabbis ascertained the case, see קִים. Yevamoth 31ᵃ; and frequently—b) to bargain for. Bereshith Rabbah section 11 אנא … קיימין עילויה myself and a certain Jew were bargaining for it (the fish); and elsewhere—קם ליה בדרבה מיניה, see קִים.—תֵּיקוּ, נֵיקוּ = תֵּיקוּם, נֵיקוּם. Bava Kamma 96ᵃ תקנתא לעכ"ום נ׳ ונעביד shall we get up and make rules for the benefit of gentile (robbers)? Zevachim 17ᵃ כל חדא וחדא ת׳ בדוכתה (not בדוכתיה; Munich manuscript תיקום) let each verse stand in its own place, i.e. you can draw no analogies between them.—Esp. תיקו let it stand, i.e. the question remains undecided. Bava Kamma the passage cited Chullin 46ᵃ; and frequently (see עָמַד) to curdle. Avodah Zarah 35ᵇ נישקול מיניה קלי ונֵיקוּם (probably to be read ונוֹקִים) let one take a little of it and curdle it. the same place (ibid.) קיימי, see נַסְיוּבֵי. to cause to stand (see קִים).—Inf. מִיקְמָא, מִיקְמָה, see Af Af'el הִפְעִיל אָקֵים, אוֹקִים, , אוֹקֵי to put up, erect; to appoint, place; to maintain. Targum Onkelos Exodus 40, 2 תָּקִים (edition Berlin edition a. Yerushalmi (prefix) תְּקִים). the same place (ibid.) 18 ואָקֵים (edition Berlin edition ואָקֵים a. ואֵקִים). Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 25, 7 לאָקָמָא edition Berlin edition (other edition לַאֲקָ׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) למִיקְמָא). Targum Psalms 78, 13. Targum Proverbs 29, 4; and frequently—Bava Metzia 39ᵇ מוֹקְמִינָן … לינוקא we (the court) appoint a guardian over it in behalf of the minor. the same place (ibid.) מיגו דמוֹקִים … מוקמינן וכ׳ since one appoints a guardian for the one-sixth portion, we may just as well appoint one for the other sixth. Bava Bathra 33ᵃ אוֹקְמָהּ … בידיה R. Ḥ. placed it in his possession, i.e. decided that it belonged to him. the same place (ibid.) 34ᵃ מוֹקְמִינָן לה בידיה we would place (or leave) it in his possession; and very frequently—Taanith 8ᵃ, and frequently אוקים … אמורא, see אֲמוֹרָא.—Esp. a) to put a case, to treat with reference to. Bava Bathra 44ᵃ ולוֹקְמָהּ בגזלן why does he not put the case as treating of a robber?; ולוקמה ביורש let him say, it refers to the case of an heir!; and frequently—b) to let stand, place, leave (under the presumption). Kethuboth 12ᵇ, and elsewhere אוקי ממונא בחזקת מריה leave the money where it is, on the presumption that it belongs to its present owner, i.e. possession has the benefit of the doubt. the same place (ibid.) אוֹקְמָהּ אחזקה leave the woman in her ascertained condition (see חֲזָקָה), i.e. consider her as having married as a virgin. Yevamoth 31ᵃ אוקי תרי להדי תרי ואשה אוקמה אחזקה leave the two witnesses (on the one side) against the two witnesses (on the other side), and leave the woman etc.; and frequently—c) to establish, prove. Bamidbar Rabbah section 6, end ורבנן מוֹקְמִין מהאי קרא וכ׳ and the Rabbis prove from this verse, that as atonement takes place in day-time, so etc.; and elsewhere—d) א׳ טבאות [to place right] to guarantee, secure. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 1, end, 43ᵈ אנן בעי תְּקִימִינָן ט׳ (not טבאת) we want thee to secure us (against an eventual loss of the money which thou art collecting from us for our creditors); בההוא דלא יכיל למִיקְמָה גרמיה ט׳ in the case of one who has no opportunity to secure himself (who cannot get a collector to take the risk), ברם ההוא דיכיל למיקמה וכ׳ but if he finds a collector to take the risk, he may take it away from the one and give it to the other; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵃ.— (see עָמַד) to make consistent, curdle. Avodah Zarah 35ᵃ [read:] כיון דאוֹקְמֵיה איסורא הוא דקא מוֹקִים ליה וכ׳ (see Munich manuscript in Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage), a. note) since it had the effect of curdling the milk, it is the forbidden matter that gave it substance, and therefore it (that forbidden substance) is to be considered as if it were there in its natural state. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ, see above. Ittaf. הֻפְעַל אִיתָּקַם, אִתּוֹקַם to put up; to be placed. Targum Exodus 40, 17. Targum Leviticus 16, 10; and elsewhere Polel. קוֹמֵם to put up, erect. Targum Isaiah 44, 26; and elsewhere Pa'el פִּעֵל קַיֵּם, קיֵּים as the preceding Pi'el, to establish, confirm, fulfill etc. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 32, 8 (Yerushalmi (prefix) Af.). Targum Numbers 30, 14. Targum Isaiah the passage cited Targum Psalms 119, 106; and frequently—Nedarim 70ᵃ דהא קַיְּימֵיה לנדריה היום (not קיימי, see Rashi) for he has confirmed the vow to-day. the same place (ibid.) (Hebrew form) כיון דקִיְּימוֹ קִיְּימוֹ since he once confirmed it, it remains confirmed. Kethuboth 19ᵃ זילו קַיְּימוּ שטרייכו go and get evidence for the identification of your documents, and then come to court. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 1, end, 43ᵈ קיַּימְתֵּיה מדאמר וכ׳ thou canst substantiate thy opinion by referring to what R. … said. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Haʿomer, p. 72ᵇ למְקַיְּימָא לכון וכ׳ in order to fulfill on you the prophecy (Deuteronomy 33, 29) etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 643; Pesikta Rabbati section 18. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ ואנא יכיל קַיֵּים and I can ascertain it (by experiment); and very frequently—participle passive מְקַיַּים. Berachoth 55ᵃ לא חלמא טבא מק׳ וכ׳ (Manuscript Florence מתקיים) neither a good dream comes true entirely, nor a bad dream etc. (see קְיָים) to swear, vow. Targum Numbers 30, 3. Targum Genesis 28, 20. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 5, 4; and elsewhere Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְקַיַּים as the preceding Hithpa'el Targum Numbers 14, 38. Targum Ezekiel 33, 12; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, end, 8ᵈ [read:] תִּתְקַיֵּים לכון נפשיכין בהדין יומכון היך דקַיַּימְתּוּן וכ׳ may your life be restored on that day of yours (when your time comes), as you have restored my life on this day. Eruvin 54ᵃ כי היכי דתתקיים בידך ותוריך חיי (not ביך, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) in order that it (thy learning) may be preserved in thy possession, and thou mayest live long; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוֹם (see the precedingPe. 2, a. Af. 2) curdled milk, curd; [Maimonides whey]. Nedarim 6, 5. the same place (ibid.) 52ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 39ᵈ top מהו בק׳ חלבא מקטרא what is ḳom? ‘Bound milk.’ ↗ original

קומ־ , see קוֹמֵי ↗ original

קוֹמָא 1 Nedarim 52ᵇ באתרא דרבנן … ולק׳ ק׳ at the place of the Rabbis (that allow curd to him who vowed abstinence from milk) they call milk ḥelba and curd ḳoma (without any additional qualification) באתרא … לק׳ … ק׳ דחלבא at R. Jose’s place they call curd also the ḳoma of milk; (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 39ᵈ top שם אביו קרוי עליה it is designated by its origin). ↗ original

קוֹמָא 2 , plural קוֹמִין, see קוֹמְתָא. ↗ original

קוֹמָא 3 masculine = קוֹמֵיס. Avodah Zarah 11ᵃ ↗ original

קוּמָּא masculine = Hebrew קוּמּוֹס. Gittin 19ᵃ, see קוּמּוֹס; Shabbath 104ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 110ᵃ, ק׳ אלכסנדרי׳ Alexandrian gum (of the Spina Aegyptia, see Löw, Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881, p. 197). ↗ original

קוֹמָה height, stature, man’s height. Esther Rabbah to 1, 6 מלא ק׳ וכ׳ space for the whole length of a human body etc., see פֶּרח. Bereshith Rabbah section 12; Bamidbar Rabbah section 13 (among the seven things that were taken away from Adam) זיוו וחייו וקוֹמָתוֹ his beauty, his life’s length, and his high stature (which was diminished). the same place (ibid.) ק׳ של מיות, see מֵיוֹת. Bechoroth 45ᵇ, and frequently בעלי ק׳ men of high stature. Bava Kamma 60ᵃ, see קָמָה; and frequently—ק׳ זקופה, see זָקַף. [Bereshith Rabbah section 53 קומתו של אברהם, see קָמָה.]—plural קוֹמוֹת. Sanhedrin 6, 4 שתי ק׳ the height of two men. ↗ original

קוּמּוֹס (compare κόμμι, cummis) gum, resin, especially ink prepared with gum (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Atramentum, a. Löw, Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881, p. 197). Gittin 2, 3, explained the same place (ibid.) 19ᵃ קומא. Shabbath 12, 4; the same place (ibid.) 104ᵇ. Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 אין כותבין לא בק׳ וכ׳ you must not write (the oath of the suspected woman, סוֹטָה) with gummed ink etc.; Sotah 2, 4; Sifré Numbers 16 בקימוס. Megillah 2, 2; and elsewhere—Tosefta Mikvaoth 6 (7), 16 המור והק׳ (variant reading והקִימּיֹץ) myrrh or (acacia) gum. Koheleth Rabbah to 6, 1; 9, 13 ק׳ במור putting gum in myrrh (for adulteration); Sifra Vayiḳra, Ḥobah, Parah 12, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 22 קימוס; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 479; Tosefta Bava Bathra 5, 6 קִמּוֹץ. ↗ original

קומוס comes, see קוֹמֵיס. ↗ original

קוּמָּט (קָמַט) fold, wrinkle, a folded part of the body as arm-pit etc. (compare סֵתֶר). Niddah 42ᵇ שרץ בקוּמְּטוֹ if a person holds a creeping (unclean) thing in a fold of his body. the same place (ibid.) 43ᵃ; and elsewhere—plural קוּמְּטִים. Tosefta Nega'im 1, 8 מפשטין את קוּמְּטָיו you must straighten out its creases.—5. קֶמֶט. (compare קוּמְצָא 2) pit, especially the pupil of the eye. Treatise Derekh Erets Zuṭṭa Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9 ק׳ שבשחור ירושלם the ‘pit’ in the black of the eye (iris) is typical of Jerusalem; פרצוף שבק׳ וכ׳ the image in the pupil is typical of the Temple. ↗ original

קומטומוריסון , a corruption for קוֹמְטְרוֹבִירְסִין masculine plural (controversiae) controversies, arguments. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 680 (referring to הגישו עצמותיכם, Isaiah 41, 21) ק׳ של בני עשו the pleas of the sons of Esau; והם אומרים מי עושה ק׳ של ישראל וכ׳ and they will say, who will make up the pleas for Israel? Said the Lord, I will (referring to תעצמות, Psalms 68, 36); Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 20 (defective version; edition Buber edition קוזמוטמ׳). ↗ original

קומטון , Shabbath 145ᵇ Rashi, see קוֹמֵיס ↗ original

קומטיטון (comessatum, κομεσσᾶτον S.; compare אֶפִּיקוֹמָן) (comissatio,) the aftermeal entertainment consisting of an open door reception, at which food and drink are served (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Comissatio). Esther Rabbah to 1, 5 הדא שושן … כבית ק׳ היה וכ׳ that (entertainment at) Susa was like the house of a comissatio, food and drink being served there. ↗ original

קוּמְטְרָא , see קַמְטְרָא ↗ original

קוֹמֵי construct state (contracted of קדם) preposition before, in the presence of, prior to. Targum Psalms 50, 21 קוֹמָךְ manuscript (edition קדמך). the same place (ibid.) 57, 7 קוֹמַיי manuscript (edition קדמי). the same place (ibid.) 69, 23 קוֹמֵיהוֹן manuscript (edition קדמ׳); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 72ᵃ top ר׳ זירא בעי קומי וכ׳ R. Z. asked in the presence of etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 3, 62ᵃ top קוֹמֵיה דר׳ וכ׳ (not ר׳) before R. Ḥ. the elder. the same place (ibid.) 2, 62ᶜ top עבר ק׳ סדרא passed before the school house. the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page נפלת … קוֹמֵיהוֹן the lamp fell down in their presence; and frequently—5. קָמ־, קַמָּא. ↗ original

קוֹמִי 1 (κόμη) hair, especially the gentile fashion of cutting and wearing the hair; ספר ק׳ to trim the front of the hair like a fringe on the forehead (capronæ), and let the curls hang down on the temples (antiæ; see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Coma). Sifra Aḥăré, Parah 9, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 13 (referring to Leviticus 18, 3) שלא תגדל ציצית ושלא תספור ק׳ (not ק׳ שפה, see Rabad) that thou grow no side-locks and trim not the front. Bava Kamma 83ᵃ המספר ק׳ וכ׳ he who cuts the coma transgresses the law forbidding the ways of the Amorite. the same place (ibid.) אבטוליס … התירו לו לספר ק׳ וכ׳ they allowed A. b. R. to wear his hair in Roman fashion, because he associated with government people; and elsewhere ↗ original

*קוֹמִי 2 feminine = קוֹמָה. Vayikra Rabbah section 4 כיון שעומד על ק׳ שלו ויוצא וכ׳ when the youth has reached his full growth and goes out for business. ↗ original

קומיא , Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 13, see קוֹזְמִין ↗ original

קומיטיטון (comitatus) imperial court. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 12, 7 [read:] בכל ק׳ דידי הימן היא (ריש לבילרין ק׳ being a gloss, see לִבְלָרָא) he is most trusted in my whole court. ↗ original

קומיס , Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 13, see קוֹזְמִין ↗ original

קוֹמֵיס (comes) attendant of magistrates, especially Comes, a member of the imperial cabinet (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word). Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵈ העמידו ק׳ על תיסבריות שלו (not קומוס) he made him superintendent of his treasures (Comes largitionum privatarum); Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 5 קומסין תסברין (correct accordingly); Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 11, 30ᵇ bottom of the page ק׳ תיסוורין על בית המקדש chief treasurer of the Temple (Comes largitionum sacrarum). Shemoth Rabbah section 37 עשה … למשה ק׳ וכ׳ the Lord made Moses superintendent of the palace (Comes palatii) etc. (referring to Numbers 12, 7; compare קומיטיטון). Bamidbar Rabbah section 15, see סְרַדְיוֹט; Tanchuma Bhaʿăl., edition Buber edition 20 קומוס (correct accordingly). Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 11 אתמול עביד ק׳ קלטור וכ׳ yesterday he (Moses) was made Comes Calator (officer arranging the king’s receptions) in Pharaoh’s palace, and to-day—‘call him that he may eat bread’ (Exodus 2, 20); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 989 קמסקלתור (correct accordingly). Vayikra Rabbah section 5, see איספיסריאון; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 291 קומוס ואיפרכום בירושלם. Vayikra Rabbah section 28 [read:] מאן דעביד ק׳ פריבטון … ק׳ קלטור וכ׳ he who used to appoint the Comes Privatarum (see above), he who used to appoint the Comes Calator etc., see מָגִיסְטֵיר; Esther Rabbah to 6, 10 דומין פנטון וכ׳ (correct accordingly); Pesikta Rabbati section 18 מיעביד קומספנטון קומסקרטור (correct accordingly). Esther Rabbah to 1, 12, see אִסְטַבְלָאטָא; and elsewhere—plural (comites) קוֹמִיטִין. Shabbath 145ᵇ [read:] הגמון וק׳ ובעלי זמורה (edition וקמטון ובעל, Rashi וקומטון, Munich manuscript וקומטרי; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) a general with his Comites and Centuriones. ↗ original

קוּמַּנְטָרִיסִין (plural of κομμενταρήσιος, S. = commentariensis) those having charge of public records, especially registrars of prisoners, jailers (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Commentarius). Gittin 28ᵇ מק׳ של נכרים וכ׳ if one heard from gentile jailers, ‘such and such a man is dead’, ‘such and such a man has been put to death’, you cannot allow his wife to marry again; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 16, 15ᵈ מקֹמַנְטְרִיסֵי המלך from the (Roman) king’s jailers. ↗ original

קוּמְנִיתָא (קמן; compare Syriac (Peshitta) קמל, a. קומלא. mucor panis, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3647) mould. Pesachim 42ᵃ, see אוּמָא. ↗ original

קוּמְפּוֹן , see קַמְפּוֹן ↗ original

קוֹמְפְּרוֹמִיסִין (plural of compromissum) agreement between parties to submit to arbitration. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 82ᵃ bottom of the page, explained שטרי בירורין, see בֵּירוּר. (see Harper’s Lat. Dictionary under the word Compromitto) reciprocal promises. Vayikra Rabbah section 6 קופרמסאות נתנו וכ׳ (read: קוֹמְפְּרוֹמִיסָאוֹת) they made promises to each other, that he would never disown them, nor they him. ↗ original

קוֹמֶץ bending the three middle fingers over the hollow of the hand; (with מלא, or supply (understood word) מלא) grab, handful, contradistinguished to חוֹפֶן. Berachoth 3ᵇ אין הק׳ משביע וכ׳ one grab cannot satisfy a lion. Bereshith Rabbah section 20 ק׳ עפר וכ׳ is not the handful of dust of the ground of which thou hast been made, booty in thy possession (which thou must give back to the earth)? Bereshith Rabbah section 90 אין בה ק׳ ק׳ there would not be a handful for each person; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 148 אינן מספיקין מק׳ ק׳; and elsewhere—Esp. the handful of the meal offering which the priest takes to be put on the altar (Leviticus 6, 8). Menachoth 3, 2 נתערב קוּמְצָהּ בק׳ וכ׳ if the handful of one meal offering became mixed up with that of another meal offering. the same place (ibid.) 3 ק׳ שנתערב וכ׳ if a ḳomets became mixed up with a meal offering from which no ḳomets was yet taken. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, end, 50ᵇ בקֻמְצוֹ של כהן measured by the officiating priest’s handful; בק׳ של בעלים by the owner’s handful. Koheleth Rabbah to 4, 6 חביב עלי מלא קמצו של עני וכ׳ the handful of the poor man’s offering is more precious to me than the fistfuls of the high priest’s frankincense; and frequently—plural קְמָצִים, קְמָצִין, קוּמְצִין. Bereshith Rabbah section 5 חפנו … שמונה ק׳ Moses’ one fistful contained eight ordinary handfuls. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim the passage cited (edition Zyt. קומצין); and frequently ↗ original

קוּמְצָא Targum Leviticus 2, 2; and frequently—Megillah 16ᵃ מייתי מלי קוּמְצֵיה וכ׳ offered a handful of flour and was forgiven. Vayikra Rabbah section 34 יהיבין … בגו קָמְצֵיה they put six Denars in his bent hand; and elsewhere—plural קוּמְצִין, קוּמְצֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 41, 47.—Megillah the passage cited אתא מלי ק׳ וכ׳ your handfuls (of offerings) have come to counteract my ten thousand talents of silver. ↗ original

קוּמְצָא ² common gender (= גּוּמְצָא, כּוּמְצָא) pit. Targum 2 Samuel 18, 17.—Esp. the pit in which grain is kept in years of plenty, when the granaries are overflowing. Bereshith Rabbah section 90 (explained לקמצים, Genesis 41, 47) מקומצא לריחיא (edition מן קוצא, מקוצץ, correct accordingly) from the pit they carried the grain to the mill (leaving the granaries untouched); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 148 מקמצא.—plural feminine קַמְצָתָא. the same place (ibid.) ורבנן אמרי דק׳ ודלא דק׳ the Rabbis say, they carried to the mill grain which had been put in pits and such even as had not been put in pits; Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited; [strike out דק׳ ובלא ק׳ after לריחיא]. ↗ original

קוּמְקָא , see קוּמְקוּמְסָא ↗ original

קוּמְקוּם (cucuma, κουκκούμιον, probably of Semitic origin; the form cucumus is not recorded in Lat. Dictionary) kettle (smaller than מיחם). Kelim 3, 7 קומקום Mishnah edition (Talmud edition קומקומוס; Maimonides קומקומס). the same place (ibid.) 14, 1 קומקום (edition Dehr. קומקמוס). Tosefta Mikvaoth 7 (8), 1 קומקומים edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (correct accordingly; other edition קומקום). Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 6, 33ᵃ bottom of the page כבק׳ הזה אני יורד לו (not בק׳) I would meet him as if attacking him with a (boiling) kettle; מה הק׳ הזה וכ׳ as a kettle scalds and wounds and blackens (if thrown at a person), so would I etc.; Menachoth 109ᵇ אני מטיל עליו ק׳ וכ׳ I would throw a kettle of hot water at him. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, 61ᶜ. Devarim Rabbah section 2; Yalkut Shimoni Hosea 517 קוּמְקְמִין; and frequently—plural קוּמְקוֹמוֹסִין, קוּמְקְמוֹ׳, קוּמְקְמִין. Shabbath 151ᵃ קומקמוסין Munich manuscript (edition קומקמין). Avodah Zarah 75ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, end, 45ᵇ; Sifré Numbers 158 קוּמְקְמָסִים; Tanchuma Chukkath 2 קוּנְקוֹמוֹסִין (edition Buber edition קומקמסין). ↗ original

קוּמְקוּמְסָא Bava Bathra 73ᵇ קומקומס׳ (some edition קומקומא, קומקמא, Munich manuscript קוּקְמָא; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Tanchuma Chukkath 2 ואע"ג דקומקא לאו וכ׳ (correct accordingly; edition Buber edition קוקמסין, read מסא …) although ordinarily men do not cook in a kettle; and elsewhere—plural קוּמְקוּמוּסַיָּא, קוּמְקְמִין, קוּמְקְמֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 31, 23 (not סְיָא …). Targum 2 Esther 1, 7. ↗ original

קוּמְקְמָא , see the preceding words ↗ original

קוּמְרָא , see קָמוֹר ↗ original

קוּמְרוֹטוֹן , see קַמְרוֹטוֹן ↗ original

קומרין , Shabbath 80ᵃ Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קלְמָרִין ↗ original

קוֹמְתָא = Hebrew קוֹמָה. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 26, 13 (not קוּ׳). Targum 2 Esther 5, 1. Targum Isaiah 10, 33 (edition Lagarde edition קומה); and elsewhere—plural קוֹמִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 9, beginning 12ᵃ תרתין ק׳ double a man’s height. ↗ original

קוּן to arrange, order, plan (applied to art, compare חָרַשׁ; to music, see קִינָה). Pol. קוֹנֵן to arrange a song of lamentation (ḳinah, compare קשר הספד, see הֶסְפֵּד). Gittin 58ᵃ עליה ק׳ ירמיהו וכ׳ on her account Jeremiah sang etc. the same place (ibid.) ועליהן קינה וכ׳ (correct accordingly; see En Yaʿăḳob). Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Naḥman) התחיל … מְקוֹנֵן עליהם איכה Jeremiah began to sing Ekhah (Lamentations 1, 1) over them. the same place (ibid.) (R. Pinḥas) הרי … מקונן עליכם קינות וכ׳ behold, Jeremiah will sing lamentations of seven alphabets (of) Ekhah over you. Moed Katan 3, 9 אבל לא מְקוֹנְנוֹת but they (the lamenting women) must not sing dirges, see קִינָה a. עִינּוּי I; and frequently ↗ original

קונבי , see קוֹנְכִי ↗ original

קוּנְבִּיתָא (קְנַב) snuffers. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, 41ᵃ (explained נברשת). ↗ original

קוֹנְדָּא (κονδο = κόντο—), see מְכֵירִין ↗ original

קוֹנְדִּיטוֹן (conditum, κονδῖτον) (supply (understood word) vinum) spiced wine. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 45ᶜ החד ק׳ ḥad (sharp) means spiced wine; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 41ᵃ top of the page Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod., p. 102ᵇ מה ק׳ הזה וכ׳ (not טין …) as spiced wine contains wine, honey and pepper etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 10, 11ᵇ אנא משקי ליה ק׳ I shall give him spiced wine to drink; הא אזיל ק׳ the spiced wine (that was promised) is gone (forfeited). Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᵇ bottom of the page Echah Rabbah to 2, 12 קונט׳, קנוט׳ (correct accordingly); and elsewhere spices to be put in wine (probably to be read: קוֹנְדִּיטִין plural). Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, 60ᵈ מהו מישחוק ק׳ וכ׳ how about grinding spices for wine on the Holy Day? the same place (ibid.) [read:] שחק מר ק׳ וכ׳ do you grind spices etc.? Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 19, 16ᵈ bottom of the page; and elsewhere ↗ original

קונדיס , see קוּנְדָּסָא, a. קוֹנְטוֹס. ↗ original

קונדיקוס , see קוּרְדְּיָיקוֹס ↗ original

קונדיריקון , see קוּרְדְּקִין ↗ original

קוּנְדָּס , see קוֹנְטוֹס.—[Betzah 34ᵃ; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 32, see קִינָרָס, a. next word] ↗ original

קוֹנֶה purchaser, see קָנָה. owner, master; the Lord. Bamidbar Rabbah section 4 end כעבד לפני קוֹנוֹ like a slave before his master. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22 כבוד קוֹנִי my Master’s honor. Sanhedrin 81ᵇ bottom of the page לו ולקוֹנוֹ ולמקנו (a curse) on him (euphem. for thee), thy Owner, and him that gave thee possession, see קַיְינָא; and elsewhere—[Esther Rabbah introduction מנין של ק׳, read: ד"א ואין קונה.]—[Tosefta Bava Kamma 7, 6 דבר אחר … להשתעבד לקוניו וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), read as in other edition דאמרי אינשי לא רצה להשתעבד לבניו יבוא וישתעבד לבנותיו.] ↗ original

קוֹנָח ḳonaḥ, a substitute for קרבן (see כִּינּוּי), used for a vow of abstinence or consecration. Nedarim 1, 2, and elsewhere, see קוֹנָם. ↗ original

קוֹנְטָא (—κόντα) a termination of several Greek numerals, meaning ten times; see אוֹגְדּוֹיִיקוֹנְטָא. ↗ original

קוֹנְטַבְרָא (plural of contabrum) standards in the Roman army. Midrash Tehillim to Ps 45 אקלפרין טעונין ק׳ של מלך edition Buber edition (other edition ריא …, correct accordingly) ensigns carrying the royal standards. ↗ original

קוֹנְטוֹס (κοντός, contus) pole, shaft of a pike; pike. Eruvin 3, 3 (34ᵇ) בראש הק׳ Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Mishnah a. Babylonian edition ד for ט; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 10) on the top of a pole (which is stuck in the ground); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 21ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 66ᵃ top ותליין בק׳ נגד וכ׳ and he suspended them (Nicanor’s head and hands) on a pike put up in the sight of Jerusalem; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᶜ bottom of the page; and elsewhere—plural קוֹנְטוֹסִים, קוֹנְטוֹסִין, קוֹנְטָסִ׳ (קוֹנְדּ׳). Sukkah 4ᵇ נעץ ארבעה קונדיסין וכ׳ if one drove four poles in the ground and put the covering of a Succah on them; (Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 12 העמיד … קורות). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 4ᵇ היה לו … קינטיסין וכ׳ (correct accordingly) he might have taken four poles and spread etc.; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 11 קונדסין; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 370 קונדיסין. Bamidbar Rabbah section 4 קונטיטון … וצינורות וכ׳ (correct accordingly) large shafts with hooks on top; והיו מגביהין … בק׳ וכ׳ and they lifted the curtain on the poles and unhooked it. the same place (ibid.) נושאים … בקונטיטון (some edition בקונטיס׳; correct accordingly) lifted it on poles. Pesikta Rabbati section 12 קבע … קונדיסים וכ׳ he fixed four pikes in the ground etc.; Tanchuma Ki Thetsé 9 קנטסין; Echah Rabbah to 3, 64 קונדיס׳; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 938. ↗ original

קונטיטון , see the preceding—Echah Rabbah to 2, 12, read: קוֹנְדִּיטוֹן. ↗ original

קונטיס , see קוֹנְטוֹס ↗ original

קונטסרין , see קוּסְטִינָר ↗ original

קוּנְטְרָא common gender (קְטַר 2, with anorg. נ) knot, knotted web as of matting, sieves etc.; laces or ropes drawn transversely. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, 74ᵇ bottom of the page (describing the arrangement of Esther 9, 6-10, beginning with איש on one side, under which the names of the sons of Haman are arranged in a column, and with ואת on the other side, see אָרִיחַ) [read:] שכן הוא שניץ ונחיץ כהדין קינטרה so that (in reading transversely) it appears laced and closely corded like transverse lacing (of a web); [Beth Josephus to Ṭur Or. Ḥayim 691 קנטירא, read: קינטרא; Treatise Sof’rim 13, 6, variously corrupted].—plural קוּנְטְרָן. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 8, 10ᶜ top ההן דעבד ק׳ נפן וכ׳ (Or Zaruʿa Shabbath 64 קוּשְׁרָן מנפן) he who makes (on the Sabbath) knotted (corded) webs, sieves, mats etc. ↗ original

קונטרונין , see קוּדְרַנְטֵיס ↗ original

קונטרוקוס , name of a Roman general, see אגניטוס. Bechoroth 5ᵃ (Rashi a. Tosafoth to Chullin 27ᵇ קונטריקון, manuscript Rashi קונטרקוס, edition Soncino קונטריקו׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 30). ↗ original

קוּנְטְרִין , see קִנְטִינָר ↗ original

קוּנְטְרִינִים (corruption of קוּנְטִרְיוֹנִ׳, centuriones) centurions, commanders of centuries. Sifré Deuteronomy 317 (play on בׄנׄי בשׄןׄ, Deuteronomy 32, 14) אלו ק׳ שמכישין מבׄיןׄ שׄנׄיהם (not שמכינין) that means the (Roman) centurions that cause striking from between their teeth (command attacks on unarmed people); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 944 קוטרינין שמכישין וכ׳. ↗ original

קונטריסין , see קוֹדְרַנְטֵיס ↗ original

קונטרס , Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 749, see קַרְטֵיס ↗ original

*קוֹנְיָא (κονία) powdered lime, plaster; (in Talmud Babli:) molten lead, glaze. Zevachim 54ᵃ, see מָהָה. Avodah Zarah 33ᵇ מאני דק׳ glazed vessels; Pesachim 30ᵇ; Kethuboth 107ᵇ. Chullin 147ᵇ, see צָעָא; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוּנְיָא Ḳunia. Tosefta Makhshirin 3, 3 Rabbenu Shimshon to Makhshirin 6, 2 (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) a. other קְוִינָא). ↗ original

קוֹנְיָה , see קוֹנְיָיה ↗ original

קוּנְיוֹן (קָנָא) revengeful. Bereshith Rabbah section 42 אברם זה הוא ק׳ וכ׳ this man Abram is vindictive, and when I tell him that his brother’s son was captured etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 72 קַנַּאי. ↗ original

קוֹנְיָיה (קָנָה) possession, dear wife. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22, 20 קוֹנְיָיתְךָ עומדת וכ׳ thy dear wife stands without, and thou sittest within?; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 687 קוֹנְעָתְךָ, see קוֹנְעָה. ↗ original

קוּנְיָיתָה ḳunyatha, a plant resembling colocasia. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 5, end, 52ᵃ ↗ original

קוֹנְכִי (κόγχη) mussel, shell, pearl oyster; also pearl; a vessel for oil, unguents etc. Ylamdenu to Numbers 8, 2, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) מנורה של ברזל ק׳ של נחושת an iron candlestick, a bronze bowl.—plural same (conchæ). Bereshith Rabbah section 60 (explained מגדנות, Genesis 24, 53) ק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קונבי) pearls(?); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 109 קונפי. ↗ original

קוֹנָם (see קִינוּמָא) ḳonam, a substitute for קרבן (see כִּינּוּי), used for a vow of abstinence and for the consecration of an object (see קָדַשׁ Hif'il). Nedarim 1, 2 האומר ק׳ קונח וכ׳ if one introduces a vow with the words ḳonam, ḳonaḥ, ḳonas, such words are substitutes for ḳorban. the same place (ibid.) 4 if one says to his neighbor, ק׳ פי מדבר עמך ידי וכ׳ ḳonam (forbidden) be my mouth speaking to thee, my hand working for thee etc., he is bound by his vow. the same place (ibid.) 2, 1 ק׳ שאיני ישן וכ׳ (Babylonian edition 14ᵇ שאני) if a man says, ḳ. that I will not sleep …, he is subject to the law of לא יחל (Numbers 30, 3). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 36ᵈ bottom of the page [read:] אמר לו השאילני קרדומך אמר ק׳ קורדום יש לי ק׳ נכסיי עלי שאין לזה קורדום ויש לו קורדום נכסיו אסורין if one says to a man, lend me thy axe, and he says, ḳ. be the axe I have, ḳ. be my property to me, that this man (1) has no axe, and he has an axe, his property is forbidden (consecrated); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 6 [add:] יש לו קרדום נכסיו אסורין (as edition Friedl.); Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 35ᵃ; and frequently—plural קוֹנָמוֹת. the same place (ibid.) אף ק׳ יש בהן מעילה the law concerning appropriation of sacred property (מְעִילָה) applies also to dedications introduced with ḳonam. the same place (ibid.) 85ᵇ שאני ק׳ it is different with vows of abstinence; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוֹנָמָא oath, covenant, see קִינוּמָא. ↗ original

קוֹנָס (see next word) ḳonas, a substitute for קרבן (see כִּינּוּי). Nedarim 1, 2, see קוֹנָם. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 37ᵃ top, see next word ↗ original

קוּנְסָה (see קְנַס) fine. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 1, 37ᵃ top דבר … והא תנינן קונס ק׳ שמה if a word has a certain meaning in ordinary language and is also used for indicating ḳorban (consecration), does a man bind himself (when using it to introduce a vow)? (Answer) we have it in the Mishnah (Nedarim 1, 2, see קוֹנָם) which makes ḳonas stand for a binding vow, and yet ḳonas has the meaning of (ḳunsah) fine ↗ original

קוֹנְעָה (קנע; compare קָנָה) right of acquiring property, citizenship. Bereshith Rabbah section 32, beginning הַתֵּיר קוֹנְעָתוֹ ועשה וכ׳ untie (declare as forfeited) his (David’s) citizenship and make him an outlaw (see זִיטִיטוֹס); the same place (ibid.) section 38 הסיר ק׳ (correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 631. possession, dear wife, see קוֹנְיָיה. ↗ original

קוּנְפּוֹן , see קַמְפּוֹן ↗ original

קונפי , Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 109, see קוֹנְכִי ↗ original

קונרוס , see קִינָרָס ↗ original

קונשוברינין , Ylamdenu to Genesis 32, 7, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), a corruption, probably for קִינְטוֹרְיוֹנִין (centuriones), see קונטרינים; [Bereshith Rabbah section 75 ראשי גייסות]. ↗ original

קוּנְתְּיָה Ḳuntiah (see קְנָת). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 10, 42ᵇ top גמלייל דק׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 2, 82ᶜ גמליאל דיק׳. ↗ original

קָוַס , Pi'el קִוֵּס, see קָוַץ. ↗ original

קוֹס (קסס, compare כסס, a. קוץ) [cutting,] a rough-edged cup.—plural קוּסִּים or קוֹסִים. Kelim 4, 3 ק׳ הצידוניים Sidonian cups; Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 3, 11 קיסום edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קוּסָא (the preceding; compare קָצֶה) cut off corner, small remote place. Taanith 24ᵃ (דחיקא) דיירנא בק׳ רחיקא Munich manuscript 2 a. ‘En Yaaḳ. (edition בקוּסְטָא; Munich manuscript 1 בדוכתא; Agadoth hat-Torah בקוצא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) I live in a remote (or poverty-stricken) place.—[Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 973 קוסיא, read: קיסיא, see קִיסָא.] ↗ original

קוּסְדֹּור (quæstor) quæstor, military adjutant, inquisitor (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word). Shabbath 49ᵃ ראהו קוס׳ אחד וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition קס׳; variant reading in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קוז׳, קז׳) a quæstor saw him (wearing T’fillin), and he fled before him; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 795. Tosefta Eruvin 8 (5), 4 קצדור הבא לעיר וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קסדר) when a military quæstor (commissary) takes up his station in a town for thirty days; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 23ᵇ bottom of the page הקוּסְטוֹר. Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1049 ולא היית כק׳ וכ׳ (some edition כקיס׳) and thou wast not even so much as a quæstor (worthy) to run before my father’s chariot. ↗ original

קוּסְדַּרְיוֹת (denominative of the preceding) commission of inquiry. Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 25 (referring to Psalms 51, 16) [read:] מדמו של אוריה שהיה דוד משלח ק׳ לאחריו לידע אם מפזר הוא דברים אילו לא היה מפזר דברים לא היה הורגו (save me) from punishment for Uriah’s blood, for David had sent detectives after him to find out whether he would divulge the things (that had happened between him and David); if he had not done so, he (David) would not have had him killed; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 765 אם מחזיר הוא את דבריו אילו היה וכ׳ whether he would take back his words (his refusal to go home to his wife); had he done so etc. ↗ original

קוּסְטָא masculine (קסס), see קוּסָא ↗ original

קוּסְטָה , see קִיסְטָה ↗ original

קוּסְטוֹדְיָא (custodia) a guard. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 9, beginning 41ᵇ קסטוריא (correct accordingly), see קוֹלָר. ↗ original

קוּסְטוֹר , see קוּסְדּוֹר ↗ original

קוּסְטִינָר (quæstionarius) torturer, executioner. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shub., p. 159ᵃ; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 854; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 961 end, see פַּרְקוּלָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵃ נתזה החרב … של קוסנתירו … וקוסנתר נהרג (correct accordingly) the sword rebounded from Moses’ neck against that of his executioner; … and the executioner was killed; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 4; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 5 קוסנטר, קסטנר (correct accordingly); Devarim Rabbah section 2; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 167 (not קסט׳). Bamidbar Rabbah section 1 (referring to שאו את ראש, Numbers 1, 2) כאדם האומר לק׳ סב וכ׳ (some edition לקיס׳, correct accordingly) as a man says to the executioner, take this man’s head. Vayikra Rabbah section 35 הושיב בו קוסטרינוס בשביל לשמרו (some edition ום …, read קוסטנריוס) he appointed an executioner to be the governor of the place (disturbed by rebellious hordes); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 670 קיסטינוס (correct accordingly); Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 11 כוסטריינים (correct accordingly). Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 10, 10 כגון הק׳ שהיה מכה וכ׳ like the torturer that strikes and dislocates a rib and a vertebra at the same time; edition Buber edition, a. Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 650 הקיסטור (correct accordingly).—plural קוּסְטִינָרִים, רִין …, קוּסְטְנָרִ׳. Pesikta Rabbati section 10 שמעו הק׳ ונטלוהו וכ׳ (some edition קוסברי׳, correct accordingly) the executioners heard (the king’s order), and they took him (his son) to cut his head off. Ylamdenu to Deuteronomy 1, 1, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) עשה … ולק׳ פסחין he made Pharaoh deaf and the executioners lame (Shemoth Rabbah section 1 סנקליטין). Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 6 האף והחימה שני קוסטנרין של מית הן edition Buber edition (other edition קוסטנרות) anger and wrath are death’s two executioners. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ רעים (not קוסטנד׳) cruel quæstionarii; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 635 קונטסרין (correct accordingly); and elsewhere ↗ original

קוּסְטַל (castellum) castle. Targum Psalms 61, 4 edition Vilna edition (other edition קושטא; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קוּשְׁקָא, which see). ↗ original

קוּסְטַנְטִינָא (abbreviated or abbreviation of Constantinopolis) Constantinople (Byzantium), the capital of the Lower Roman empire (frequ. identified with Rome-Edom). Targum Psalms 108, 11 קושנ׳ דאדום (read קושטנ׳; other edition קרתא; edition Vilna edition אדום only). Targum Lamentations 4, 21 קושט׳ קרתא דאדום edition Lagarde edition (other edition ברתא דאדום; variant reading קרתא דמתבניא בארע ארמניאה). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 24, 19; 24 קוס׳.—Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 9 קוסטאנטינוס בנה ק׳ Constantine built Constantinople; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 642. ↗ original

קוּסְטַנְטִינוֹס , proper noun of a male person (Constantinus) Constantine, Roman emperor, see the preceding ↗ original

קוסטר , see קוּסְדּוֹר ↗ original

קוסטנרות , see קוּסְטִינָר ↗ original

קוּסִּי , proper noun of a male person, see קוּזִּית ↗ original

קוסי , see next word ↗ original

קוֹסִיטְרַפִּיזִין (κοσσοτράπεζον, Du Cange 1, 722) parasites, toad-eaters. Echah Rabbah to 2, 22 (explained מגורי, the same place (ibid.); see מָגֵיר) בני אדם שהיו קוסי טר׳ הבאתם עלי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (combine קוסיטר׳, and insert שלי) men that were parasites at my table didst thou lead against me; (edition corruption). ↗ original

קוֹסֵם , see קָסַם ↗ original

קוּסָּם , see קִיסָּם ↗ original

קוֹסָם , see קֶסֶם ↗ original

קוּסְמָא , see קְסַם 2 ↗ original

קוֹסְמָא , see קסָּמָא ↗ original

קוֹסְמִיקוֹן , see קוֹזְמִיקוֹן ↗ original

קוּסְנֵי , see קִינְסָא ↗ original

קוסת , Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 8, 2, read with Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 8, 2 קוּפּוֹת, see קוּפָּה ↗ original

קוֹעָא (compare נקע) throat, gullet, windpipe. Avodah Zarah 29ᵃ (to one that entrusted himself to a gentile barber) יאי קוֹעָיךְ לזוגא thou hast a fine neck for the shears. Chullin 28ᵃ; 53ᵇ, see מַסְמֵס I. Bava Kamma 117ᵃ שמטיה לקוֹעֵיה מיניה tore his windpipe out of him (a colloquial expression for: forced him to give up the threatened information against his neighbor; different interpretation or differently interpreted in Rashi). the same place (ibid.) 55ᵃ אריך קועיה (Manuscript Hamburg קַאֲק׳, emended קַעְק׳; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קַקֵּיה; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 200) has a long neck, זוטר ק׳ a short neck. the same place (ibid.) אלים קועיה (Munich manuscript קאקיה) has a thick neck; קטין ק׳ slender neck. Berachoth 49ᵃ זקפיה … לקועיה וכ׳ (Munich manuscript מתחיה … לצוארי׳) R. Shesheth stretched his neck over me like a serpent (was angry). Yoma 87ᵃ bottom of the page בהדי דקא … מחייה בקועיה וקטליה (not בקועייה) while he was splitting a head, a bone flew off and struck his throat (severing an artery), and killed him; and elsewhere—[Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 111 קועי׳, see מַקּוֹרָא.] ↗ original

קַוְעַד , see קוְועַד ↗ original

קוּף = נָקַף 2, to go around.—Denom. תְּקוּפָה. ↗ original

קו"ף Ḳof, the nineteenth letter of the alphabet. Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 11 המוצא כלי … ק׳ קרבן if you find a vessel on which Ḳof is written, it indicates that the contents are consecrated. Shabbath 104ᵃ (in children’s conversations) קׄ קׄדוש רי"ש רׄ Ḳof intimates the Holy One, Resh, the wicked; מ"ט … דק׳ מריש why is the face of Ḳof turned away from Resh (why does Resh turn its back to Ḳof)? the same place (ibid.) תגיה דק׳ the crownlet on the Ḳof; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוֹף 2 (Biblical Hebrew) ape. Kilayim 8, 6. Bechoroth 8ᵃ הפיל והק׳ והקיפוף וכ׳ the elephant, the ape, and the long-tailed ape (cercopithacos) give birth after three years of pregnancy. Bava Bathra 58ᵃ כק׳ בפני אדם as inferior in looks as the ape is to man. Yoma 29ᵇ כמו שסדרו הק׳ as if an ape had arranged it on the table (as an unconscious act). Tanchuma P’ḳudé 3; and elsewhere—[Parah 3, 5 בן הקוף, Mishnah edition, see קַיָּף.]—plural קוֹפִים, קוֹפִין, קוֹפוֹת. Bava Kamma 80ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 17. Sanhedrin 109ᵃ נעשו ק׳ ורוחות וכ׳ were turned into apes, spirits, demons and night-demons. Bereshith Rabbah section 23 (in the days of Enosh) נעשו … כק׳ men’s faces were made to be ape-like. Koheleth Rabbah to 6, 11 (referring to מרבים הבל, the same place (ibid.)) כגון מגדלי ק׳ וכ׳ as those who rear apes, cats etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוֹף Nedarim 50ᵇ. Bava Kamma 101ᵃ וקאתי קוף וכ׳ and an ape came and dyed the (stolen) wool (with dye stolen from another person). the same place (ibid.) כגון שצבע בהו קופא edition he painted a (stolen) ape with the stolen paint (so that he improved nothing thereby); [other opinion קוִּפָּא basket; Munich manuscript קופה, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 1].—plural קוֹפִין. Targum I Kings 10, 22; Targum 2 Chronicles 9, 21. ↗ original

קוֹפָא 2 (קפף; compare Syriac (Peshitta) קופא vectis, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3551) lever, carrying pole. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 4, 12 (Hebrew text מוֹט). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2 the same place (ibid.) 13, 23 קוֹפָה. (compare גֶּפֶן) trunk, vine. Bava Metzia 109ᵇ ק׳ סבא פלגא (Manuscript Hamburg קַפָּא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 6) of the trunk of an old vine (that is cut down) the gardener gets an even share with the tenant. Chullin 110ᵃ ק׳ סבא הוה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Manuscript Hamburg קי׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 10; missing in edition) it was an old trunk.—plural קוֹפָאֵי. Bava Bathra 24ᵃ בי ק׳ (Manuscript Florence קַפָּאֵי) between the trunks of vines. that which hangs on the carrying pole. Chullin 111ᵃ קניא בקופיה (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בקַפֵּיה) the windpipe with all that hangs on it (lungs, heart etc.). ↗ original

קוּפָּא 1 (קפף) = Hebrew קוּפָּה, basket, tub. Bava Kamma 101ᵃ, see קוֹף Chaldaic (Aramaic)—plural קוּפִּין, קוּפַּיָּא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᶜ top, see צְפַר 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 3, 29ᵈ and the following דלא מיתן ק׳ וכ׳ not to place the tubs with flour one on top of the other. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 4, end, 44ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᵈ bottom of the page מטמר ביני ק׳ hidden among the baskets. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 8, end, 49ᵈ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 2, end, 50ᵇ כמה ק׳ דעובדין וכ׳ how many basketfuls of cases came etc.—5. קוּפְתָא. ball, especially ק׳ דמחטא the head of a pin or needle, eye. Berachoth 55ᵇ; Bava Metzia 38ᵇ, see פִּילָא I. Chullin 48ᵇ אי ק׳ לבר וכ׳ if the head is directed outward …, if inward etc.; the same place (ibid.) 49ᵃ; and elsewhere pinnacle. — plural קוּפֵּי, see קוּפְיָא. ↗ original

קוּפָּא 2 = כִּיפָּה, arch, doorway. Tosefta Eruvin 7 (5), 2, see כִּיפָּה. ↗ original

קוּפָּאֵי proper noun of a place Be-Ḳuppaë. Berachoth 31ᵃ, see כֵּיפֵי. proper noun gent. Beth-Ḳuppaë. Yevamoth 15ᵇ משפחת ב׳ ק׳ מבן מקושש the family of Beth-Ḳuppaë (in Jerusalem) of Ben-M’ḳoshesh; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 3ᵃ bottom of the page משפחת בית נקיפי מבית קושש. ↗ original

קוּפַּד , see קוּפְדָא 2 ↗ original

קוּפָּד hedgehog. Shabbath 5, 4 (54ᵇ) עור הק׳ Yerushalmi (prefix) edition a. Oxford manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition הקופר) the skin of a hedgehog (tied around the udder). the same place (ibid.) 53ᵇ bottom of the page עור של קופר Munich manuscript (edition only עור); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, end, 7ᶜ עור הקופד. ↗ original

קוּפְדָּא 1 Targum Isaiah 34, 15 (Hebrew text קפוז).—plural קוּפְדִּין. the same place (ibid.) 14, 23 (edition Vilna edition קוּפְּדִ׳). the same place (ibid.) 34, 11 edition Lagarde edition (other edition קִפּוֹדִין). Targum Zephaniah, Book of 2, 14. ↗ original

קוּפְדָּא 2 (compare the preceding) [a ball, compare אוּמְצָא,] a piece of meat, in gen. meat; [the Greek κοπάδιον is probably an adaptation of our word]. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, end, 49ᵇ [read:] הא לך טימיתה וזיל זבין ק׳ (Babylonian edition קופר; Munich manuscript קופך בשר, read ד …; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) here is the price for it, go and buy a piece of meat. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᶜ bottom of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 6, 33ᶜ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, end, 37ᵃ עבד ליה ק׳ he prepared a piece of meat for him. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 2, 53ᶜ bottom of the page קוּפְדָּה שמינה a piece of fat meat. Bereshith Rabbah section 19, beginning ק׳ צלי (some edition קופר) a piece of roast. Bereshith Rabbah section 63 (explained כי ציד וכ׳, Genesis 25, 28) קופרא טבא וכ׳ a good piece of meat—for his (Isaac’s) mouth, a good cup of wine etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 110 קופרא; and frequently—Berachoth 44ᵇ על מיני ק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קופרא; Munich manuscript על הקופרא) over all kinds of meat dishes.—plural קוּפְדָּן, קוּפְדִּין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, 49ᵃ bottom of the page חמון קופדן look at these pieces of flesh (on his body)!; Vayikra Rabbah section 34 קפדון (read: ין …, some edition קפדן, other קפרן); Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 13 קופדין (some edition קופר׳). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 8, 38ᵃ מקטעתה ק׳ וכ׳ to cut it in pieces and sell it in the market. ↗ original

קוּפְּדַאי , see קוּרְפְּדַאי ↗ original

קוּפְדָּה , see קוּפְדָּא 2 ↗ original

קוֹפְדָן , see קַפְדָּן ↗ original

קוֹפָה , see קוֹפָא 2 ↗ original

קוֹפֶה , see קיפֶא ↗ original

קוּפָּה (קפף, see כָּפַף; compare כִּיפָּה) heap, pile. Yoma 22ᵇ אלא אם כן ק׳ של שרצים וכ׳ unless a heap of reptiles hangs behind him, see פַּרְנָס. Berachoth 32ᵃ, see נָהַם; and elsewhere archway, vault, see כִּיפָּה. (see כְּפִיפָה) basket, large vessel. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᵃ ק׳ מלאה וכ׳ a basket full of bones. Bereshith Rabbah section 13 הבא קוּפָּתְךָ וכ׳ bring thy tub and measure (fill it); Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 1, 52ᵇ bottom of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 10, 12ᶜ top ק׳ פרוצה a basket which is broken through (the contents of which protrude). Babylonian Shabbath 91ᵇ קוּפַּת הרוכלין a spice-dealers’ basket. Gittin 67ᵃ ר׳ יוחנן … קופת הרוכלים R. Joḥ. ben Nuri is a spice-peddlars’ basket (ready in all branches of learning); ר׳ … ק׳ של בשמים R. El. is a spice box; Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 18; the same place (ibid.) ק׳ של הלכות a basket (or a pile) of laws (an erudite scholar). Kethuboth 6, 4 החתן … עשרה דינרין לק׳ וכ׳ the bridegroom must obligate himself to give his wife ten Denars for the ḳuppah for each Maneh (which she brings in), explained the same place (ibid.) 66ᵇ ק׳ של בשמים for perfumes; and very frequently—Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 3, 7 קיפה (correct accordingly).—Esp. ḳuppah, the communal fund for dispensing sustenance to the poor every Friday, contradistinguished to תמחוי. Bava Bathra 8ᵇ. Peah 8, 7 לא יטול מן הק׳ must not take support from the ḳuppah; and elsewhere—plural קוּפּוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᵈ היה למוד … ק׳ והוציא עשר if one was in the habit of exhibiting five baskets with goods, and exhibited ten (on account of the gentile festival). Tosefta Maʿǎser Sheni 1, 10 אם היו ק׳ if the dates are in baskets, opposite של פטליא in bales; and frequently—Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 8, 2 מעקה שבמגדל והק׳ שבו Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 18, 2 (edition קוסת) the railing attached to a turret (spice-box) and the cupolas thereon (compare אֲקוּנְבִּי). ↗ original

קופון , see קַמְפּוֹן ↗ original

קוּפְיָא (קוף or קפף) wall, parapet. Bava Bathra 73ᵃ רהיט אק׳ וכ׳ ran on the parapet of the wall of Maḥoza (Rashi: אקוּפֵי on the pinnacles). circuit, in a transferred sense indirectness, implication. Yoma 50ᵇ, see קְבִיעוּתָא; Zevachim 6ᵃ; 7ᵇ, see קִבְעָא; [Rashi frequently קְפָא floating, unsettled condition.]—[Chullin 111ᵃ בקופיה, see קוֹפָא 2.] ↗ original

קוֹפִינָא (see קוֹפָא 2), ק׳ דמרא the handle of a hoe, contradistinguished to פדא blade; [other opinion: קוּפִּינָא (compare קוּפָּא I, 2) that part of the hoe which contains the hole for the insertion of the handle, the blade, see פַּדָּא]. Bava Kamma 27ᵇ. Gittin 32ᵃ; Shabbath 102ᵇ שופתא בק׳ דמרא the pin which fastens the handle to the blade. ↗ original

קוּפִּיס = next word ↗ original

קוּפִּיץ form) (קְפַץ; compare קָפִיץ, a. קֶפֶץ) [curved cutting tool,] hatchet or bill for chopping bones. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 21, 4 (edition Vienna edition קוּפִיץ).—Betzah 4, 3 אין מבקעין … אלא בק׳ you must not split wood (on the Holy Day for immediate use) with an axe …, but only with the butcher’s hatchet. the same place (ibid.) 3, 6 כנגד הק׳ by putting on the scale a hatchet (instead of the commercial weights); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 62ᵃ bottom of the page קופיס. Sotah 9, 5, see עָרַף. Pesachim 70ᵃ ק׳ קשורה וכ׳ (fem.) the hatchet tied to the slaughtering knife; and frequently—Tosefta Bechoroth 1, 17 עורפו בקוּפָּץ וכ׳ (variant reading בקֻפִּיץ) he breaks its neck with a hatchet from behind. ↗ original

קוּפְלָא 1 (קְפַל 1, compare כבל) metal rim on bags, lock.—plural קוּפְלֵי. Sanhedrin 110ᵃ Manuscript Florence (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word קלד: גופלי, variant reading ק׳; edition קילפי; Munich manuscript קולפי; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note); Pesachim 119ᵃ Munich manuscript (edition קליפא, Rashi קולפי), see גִּלְדָּא. ↗ original

קוּפְלָא 2 (קְפַל 2) scraping off. Bava Bathra 4ᵇ Rashi, see קִילּוּפָא, a. קִיפּוּלָא. ↗ original

קופלא , Ylamdenu to Leviticus 9, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קופלארגיא. ↗ original

קוּפְלָאוֹת , see קוּפְלָיוֹת ↗ original

קופלארגיא , Ylamdenu to Leviticus 9, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) (other edition קופלא רגיא) quid? [Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) suggests κουφολογία light talking.] ↗ original

קוּפְלָיוֹת (compare קוּפְלָא I, a. Arab.ḳufl sera, pessulus) bolts, padlock with chains. Bereshith Rabbah section 48, end לאחד שהיו בידו שתי ק׳ וכ׳ (some edition קִפְ׳) like one who held in his hand two parts of a lock and took them to the smith etc. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 2, 3 שרשרת … של ק׳ the chain of a padlock. Shemoth Rabbah section 40, beginning קפ׳ של תורה וכ׳ the lock which guards learning is fear of sin (referring to Isaiah 33, 6). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Aḥăré, p. 175ᵃ [read:] רמ"ח ק׳ … על רמ"ח איברים שהיו בו the Lord put 248 iron locks on his (Goliath’s) 248 limbs; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 706; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 126; (Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 21 כבלים). (by adapt. of κεφαλίς) wreaths around a column, capital. Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 מה העמודים … ק׳ וכ׳ as columns have wreaths above and pedestals beneath etc. (Vayikra Rabbah section 25 קיפלוס; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 15 קיפלורוסים; Tanchuma B’har 1 כותרת); see קִיפָלִיס. ↗ original

קופנדר , see קָפַּנְדַּרְיָא ↗ original

קוֹפָנָה (compare קוֹפָא 2, a. קוֹפִינָא) bent stick, flail. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ bottom of the page [read:] ההן דעביד כיתנייא בק׳ וכ׳ he that works flax stalks with a flail (on the Sabbath) commits the offense of threshing. ↗ original

קוּפְסָא (capsa) box for books etc. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 31, 26.—Kelim 16, 7 כסוי של ק׳ (edition Dehr. קפצה) the lid of a box. Menachoth 41ᵃ כלי ק׳ (Maimonides to Kelim the passage cited edition Dehr. קופצא) garments in a box; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 933 קוּפְסִין (plural). Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 12 ק׳ מלאה וכ׳ a box full of gold Denars; the same place (ibid.) קוטמא כולה וכ׳ (edition Buber edition קיט׳, correct accordingly) the whole box is of gold on the outside; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 656. ↗ original

קוּפְסַאי , see קְבוּסַאי ↗ original

קוּפָּץ , see קוּפִּיץ ↗ original

קופצא , see קוּפְסָא ↗ original

קופר , see קוּפָּד, a. קוּפְדָּא 2. ↗ original

קופרמסאות , see קוֹמְפְּרוֹמִיסִין ↗ original

קופרצין , see קַפְרָס ↗ original

קוּפְתָא = Hebrew קוּפָּה, basket, tub. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 4, beginning 6ᵈ כמרה גו ק׳ ויהבא ק׳ וכ׳ to keep it warm, put it in a large vessel, and put the vessel on peat (גִּיפְתָּא). Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᶜ bottom of the page יאות … זכותיה גו קוּפְתֵיה (not קופתה) well the millers say, every man carries his worth in his own tub, i.e. there is a different way of doing good for every man; and elsewhere—plural, see קוּפָּא I. ↗ original

קָוַץ (compare כְּוֵץ) to shrink, be dried up. Chullin 43ᵇ שחותכו וקווֵֹץ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see כְּוֵץ.—participle passive קָווּץ. Sukkah 32ᵃ top ק׳ (לולב) a Lulab which is shrunk (Rashi: thorn-like, see קוֹץ).—5. קָווּץ.—Denom. קוֹץ, קַיִץ. to curl. Denom. קִיוֵּוץ, קְווּצּוֹת. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִוֵּוץ (denominative of קוֹץ) to clear of thorns, weed. Moed Katan 6ᵃ יוצאין לקַוֵּוץ וכ׳ they go out to clear the roads (for the Passover pilgrims). Tosefta Shevi'ith 3, 7 מְקַוְּצִין וכ׳ variant reading edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) מְקַוְּסִין; other edition מקומין, correct accordingly) you may remove the stones, thorns etc. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַוֵּוץ, נִתְקַוֵּץ to be cleared. Shevi'ith 4, 2 שדה שנִתְקַוְּצה (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition שנִתְקַוְּו׳) a field that has been cleared; Bechoroth 34ᵇ; Moed Katan 13ᵇ; Gittin 44ᵇ ↗ original

קְוַץ Sukkah 23ᵇ קַוְוצָא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כוו׳), see כְּוֵץ Pa'el פִּעֵל קַוֵּוץ to curl. —participle pass. מְקַוַּוץ dishevelled, unkempt. Vayikra Rabbah section 5 שעריה מק׳ (not מקצץ) with unkempt hair, opposite סריק, see סְרַק 2. ↗ original

קוּץ 1 see the preceding) to shrink; to feel aversion, loathe, fear etc. Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 863 אל תָּקוּצוּ בדברי וכ׳ be not wearied of studying the words of the Law, but let the last day be like the first. Sifra K’dosh., Parah 4, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 11 (referring to ואקץ, Leviticus 20, 23) כאדם שהוא קָץ ממזונו like a man that is sick of his food (and vomits; Yalks. Leviticus 626 קָמֵט במזונו). Megillah 28ᵃ קַצְתָּ בחיי art thou wearied of my long life?; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוּץ Targum Judges 9, 38. Targum Hosea 4, 6. Targum Lamentations 2, 1 (Hebrew text יעיב); and frequently ↗ original

קוּץ 2 to summer (see Isaiah 18, 6). Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיֵּיץ to cause to summer. Bereshith Rabbah section 34 (play on קַיִץ, Genesis 8, 22) מְקַיֵּיץ אני עליהם את העוף I shall make the birds feed on them in the summer (with referring to וקץ, Isaiah the passage cited).—2) (see קַיִץ) to supply the altar during the dull season. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 5, beginning 42ᵇ מְקַיְּיצִים בה וכ׳ they supply the altar with it, i.e. use it for sacrifices when the altar is otherwise unemployed; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 1, 48ᵃ bottom of the page; Shevuoth 12ᵃ מְקַיְּצִין בהן וכ׳. the same place (ibid.) אין מקיצין בגופן וכ׳ we do not use them bodily as sacrifices, but what we buy with their value. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ אין מקיצין בעולת העוף you must not buy birds for burnt offerings out of the funds designated for public free-will offerings. Tosefta Menachoth 10, 8 (explained קַיִץ המזבח) לוקחין … ומקיצין וכ׳ they buy therewith burnt offerings to supply the altar etc. ↗ original

קוּץ 3 to cut, see קָצַץ. ↗ original

קוּץ ² Targum Onkelos a. Yerushalmi (prefix) I Numbers 13, 23 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 קטעו). Targum Onkelos the same place (ibid.) 24 (Yerushalmi (prefix) קציצו); and frequently—participle קָיִץ, קָיִיץ. Targum Jeremiah 10, 3.—Bava Metzia 107ᵇ נֵיקוּץ מר cut the forest, sir (to allow a tow-path along the river). the same place (ibid.) קָיִיצְנָא, see below; and elsewhere [the same place (ibid.) קוצו עילאי וכ׳, see below].—Transferred (compare פָּסַק) to determine, agree, appropriate. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 5, 15 דקָיִץ עלה וכ׳ (not דקַיִץ) for which he makes an appropriation in her behalf out of her property.—Bava Metzia 67ᵃ לא קָץ ליה he did not explicitly allow him the usufruct of the mortgaged property (מַשְׁכַּנְתָּא), see קִיצוּתָא.—participle passive קִיץ which see Pa'el פִּעֵל קַיֵּיץ same. [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers the passage cited, see above.]—Bava Metzia 107ᵇ נִיקַיְּיצוּ עילאי … והדר ניקוץ אנא Rashi (edition קוצו, incorr.; Munich manuscript ניקצו … וקציינא, frequently קְצֵי) let the owners of the upper and those of the lower parts of the forest cut (a path), and then I shall do likewise. the same place (ibid.) אי קיְּיצוּ קָיִיצְנָא וכ׳ had they cut (their part), I should cut, but as they have not, why should I? the same place (ibid.) 108ᵃ מאן קַיְּיצֵיה להאי לִיקּוֹץ ענפיה Manuscript Hamburg (edition מַאן קַצְיֵיה תִּקּוֹץ וכ׳) who ordered the cutting of this (my forest)? may his branch (offspring) be cut off; and elsewhere Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִקּוֹץ (frequently קְצַץ) to be cut off, see above.—5. קְצַץ, קְצִי. ↗ original

קוּץ 4 , Hif'il הֵקִיץ to awake, see קִיץ. ↗ original

קוֹץ 1 thorn. Rosh Hashanah 17ᵃ bottom of the page (referring to Micah 7, 18) אליה וק׳ בה וכ׳ a fat tail with a thorn in it (a consolation implying an evil prediction), ‘to the remnant of his inheritance’ (pardon will be granted), but not to his entire inheritance. Bereshith Rabbah section 20 [read:] ק׳ זה קינרס by ‘thorn’ (Genesis 3, 18) artichoke is meant. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 136 ישב לו ק׳ וכ׳ a thorn got into the foot of one of them (which prevented him from travelling); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 9, 11ᵈ עין כוס עין קוץ if an idolatrous place is called ʿEn K’os (well of the cup) call it (cacophemistically) ʿEn Ḳots (well of the thorn); Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 43ᵃ bottom of the page—plural קוֹצִים, קוֹצִין. Bereshith Rabbah section 45, see נָכַשׁ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 3, 50ᵈ bottom of the page, see כּוֹס 2. Shemoth Rabbah section 1 (referring to ויקצו, Exodus 1, 12) שהיו דומין … כק׳ the Israelites were like thorns in their eyes; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 162 שהם בעיניהם כק׳ they (the Egyptians) were in their own eyes like thorns (dwarfed and dry plants). Bamidbar Rabbah section 20 (referring to ויקץ, Numbers 22, 3) שהיו … כק׳ בפניהם they looked upon themselves as if they were thorns compared with them (the Israelites). Kiddushin 75ᵇ (play on מקצותם, 2 Kings 17, 32) מן הק׳ שבעם from the thorns (the basest) of the people, opposite הבחירים; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, beginning 39ᵃ. Bava Metzia 83ᵃ ק׳ … מן הכרם (in serving the Roman government as an executioner) I only destroy the thorns out of the vineyard; יבא … את קוֹצָיו let the owner of the vineyard (God) come and destroy his thorns; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 3, 50ᵈ bottom of the page; (Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 92ᵃ כוסים וכ׳), see כָּסח; and frequently—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 11, see below.—Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 14 בתי ק׳ (cacophem.) idolatrous temples (see above); Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 662.—2) (also קוֹצָה feminine) prick, stroke on letters, apex. Tanchuma Bereshith 1; Menachoth 29ᵇ לדרוש על כל ק׳ וק׳ וכ׳ to teach mounds of rules on every tip (of letters in the Torah). the same place (ibid.)ᵃ קוֹצוֹ של יו"ד Munich manuscript a. Rashi (edition קוצה) the prick on the top of the letter Yod (Rashi: the foot of Yod); the same place (ibid.) 34ᵃ. Shemoth Rabbah section 6, beginning שלמה … וקוצה ממך וכ׳ Solomon and a thousand like him shall pass away, but not a tittle of thee (the Torah) will I allow to be expunged; and elsewhere—plural as ab. Vayikra Rabbah section 19 (referring to קוצותיו, Song of Songs 5, 11) אלו קוֹצֵי האותיות this means the strokes of the letters. the same place (ibid.) אפי׳ דברים … שהן ק׳ וכ׳ even things which you consider to be merely strokes (ornamentations of letters), in the Torah they are mounds upon mounds (see above); Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 11 בתורה הן קוצי ק׳ in the Torah these strokes are thorns of thorns (intimating thorny problems). ↗ original

קוֹץ 2 (קָצַץ) piece.—plural קוּצִּים, קוּצִּין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, 74ᵇ bottom of the page (referring to Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 3, 7, ‘you must not interrupt the reading of the curses’, with play on תָּקֹץ, Proverbs 3, 11) אל תַּעֲשֶׂהָ ק׳ ק׳ do not make it (the rebuke) appear cut up in pieces; Devarim Rabbah section 4; Treatise Sof’rim 12, 1. ↗ original

קוֹצָא thorn, see קִיסָּם.—[Shevi'ith 7, 1, see קוֹצָה 2.] ↗ original

קוּצָא , see קוּסָא.—[Bereshith Rabbah section 90 מן ק׳ לריחי׳, see קוּמְצָא 2.] ↗ original

קוֹצָה 1 , see קוֹץ ↗ original

קוֹצָה 2 madder, a plant used in dying red. Shevi'ith 7, 1 (Munich manuscript קוֹצָא). Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 5, end, 52ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 3, beginning 29ᵈ (referring to זומן של צבעים) דו יהב בגויה קוצם וכ׳ (correct accordingly) he (the dyer) puts the madder into it to make it adhesive (see זוֹמָא I). ↗ original

קוֹצִירָא , proper noun of a male person, see קַצְרָא 2 ↗ original

קוצם , see קוֹצָה 2 ↗ original

קוצץ , Bereshith Rabbah section 90, מן ק׳, see קוּמְצָא 2 ↗ original

קוּצְרָא common gender (קְצַר) short, dwarfish. Targum 2 Esther 7, 9. ↗ original

קוֹצְרִי proper noun of a male person, see קַצְרָא 2 ↗ original

קוּק , see קִיק I ↗ original

קַוְקַאי , Chullin 63ᵃ Ar, see קַקְוַאי ↗ original

קוקאיני , see קוּקְיָאנֵי ↗ original

קַוְקַו ḳavḳav, an imitation of the frog’s croaking. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 182 (some edition קְוָקִי). ↗ original

קוקוניא , see קוּרְקוּנְיָא ↗ original

קְוַקְיָא , see קְוַוקְיָא ↗ original

קוּקְיָאנֵי name of parasite worms, 1) in man. in man. Berachoth 36ᵃ קשה לק׳ (some edition לקוּקָאנֵי; edition Soncino לקוּרְקְיָאנֵי) it is injurious because it begets worms (tape-worms?). Shabbath 109ᵇ לקוקאיני edition (Munich manuscript קורקקנו; Oxford manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קוּקָנֵי) as a remedy for worms. in fish (Rashi: in cattle). Chullin 67ᵇ (Munich manuscript קיקני, קוּקָנֵי; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) קוקני, edition pr. קוּקָאנֵי); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 537 קיקאני. ↗ original

קוּקְיָיאתָא (used as singular) ḳuḳyatha, name of a clean bird (passing as forbidden in Palestine). Chullin 63ᵃ קוקייא׳ Manuscript Hamburg, קוּקְיָ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קַקְוָאתָא, Munich manuscript קקאותא; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original

קוּקְלָא , see קִיקְלָא, קִיקֶלְתָּא. ↗ original

קוֹקְנִיתָה (= קונקנ׳; see קָנֶה) a sort of clepsydra made of reeds or tubes. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin X end, 26ᵈ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קוּנְקְנִ׳; explained עדק); see עִירְרָה. ↗ original

קוֹקָרָא (= קורקר׳, see קוֹרָה 3) a trap made of little joists.—plural קוֹקָרֵי. Shabbath 18ᵃ (marginal correct. in Munich manuscript קוּרְקָ׳; Oxford manuscript קוֹקָארֵי; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 60); Gittin 61ᵃ top, see לוֹחָא. ↗ original

קור , Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 5, 10, see קוֹד ↗ original

קוֹר , Pol. קוֹרֵר, Ithpol. אִתְקוֹרָר, see קְרַר I, 2. ↗ original

קוֹר 1 (נָקַר 1; compare מוֹקְרָא 2) [marrow,] the white heart or terminal bud of a palm (cabbage tree) used as food. ʿUktsin 3, 7 הק׳ הרי הוא כעץ וכ׳ ḳor is like wood in every respect (not susceptible of levitical uncleanness), but may be bought for tithe-money (being considered as food); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 10; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, end, 35ᶜ; Eruvin 28ᵇ. Tosefta Shevi'ith 3, 21; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוֹר 2 cold, cold season. Bava Metzia 106ᵇ (referring to Genesis 8, 22) חצי שבט … ק׳ half of Shebat, the whole of the month of Adar, and half of Nisan form the season of Ḳor; Bereshith Rabbah section 34. ↗ original

קוֹרָא 1 Targum Genesis 8, 22 (O. edition Berlin edition קוּ׳). Targum Job 24, 7. Targum Psalms 147, 17; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוֹרָא 2 = Hebrew קוֹר I. Berachoth 36ᵃ דקלא … אדעתא דק׳ people do not plant palms with the view of using the ‘heart’ (by the cutting of which the tree is ruined); Eruvin 28ᵇ דקורה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵇ bottom of the page Babylonian Berachoth 43ᵇ (proverb) תלה ליה ק׳ לדבר אחר וכ׳ hang the heart of a palm tree on a swine, and it will do its own (drag it in the mud). Vayikra Rabbah section 15, end (proverb) [read:] דאכיל בהדין ק׳ ילקי בהדא קילא he who eats of the palm’s heart, will be smitten with the stick (of the dried up palm), i.e. if you enjoy the emoluments of an office, you must not shirk its obligations; Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1056 הא קורה והא קילה אכלתון קורה לקון בקילה (not כילה, בכ׳) here is the palm-heart, and here the stick; you have eaten the heart, therefore be smitten with the stick (having done wrong, you must suffer the consequences); Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22 הא ק׳ והא קולתא … לקון וכ׳ edition Buber edition (other edition לקתון, correct accordingly).—בר ק׳ a young palm tree. Shabbath 30ᵇ, see נְבָרָא.—plural קוֹרַיָּא. Bava Kamma 92ᵃ אייתי לי מִקּוֹרַיְיהוּ bring me of their hearts to eat (let the palms perish) (Manuscript Florence מוֹקְרַיְיהוּ, see מוֹקְרָא 2; other opinion in commentary or commentaries מְקוֹרַיְיהוּ roots, substance, see מָקוֹר). ↗ original

קוֹרָא 3 (נְקַר 1) [picker,] heron. Bereshith Rabbah section 64, end; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 111, see מַקּוֹרָא.— young bird.—plural קוֹרִין. Targum Isaiah 34, 15. ↗ original

קוֹרָא 4 = Hebrew קוֹרָה, beam. Tamid 30ᵃ ק׳ עבדא וכ׳ it will produce a (trunk fit for a) beam, but no fruits.—Kelim 11, 2, see קוֹרָה 3. ↗ original

קוֹרֵא partridge. Chullin 12, 2 ק׳ זכר a male partridge (which is believed to join the female in brooding). the same place (ibid.) 140ᵇ ק׳ נקבה a female partridge. Tanchuma Ki Thetsé 2 הק׳ הזה מביא וכ׳ the partridge brings eggs of other birds and hatches them; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוֹרֵאָה Targum I Samuel 26, 20 (Kimḥi קוֹרֵיא). Targum Jeremiah 17, 11 (edition Vilna edition קוֹרָאָה). ↗ original

קוֹרְבָא Chaldaic (Aramaic) = next word Kiddushin 50ᵃ דלק׳ קאתי where the messenger comes for the sake of forming a connection (to betroth a wife), opposite לרחוקה for severing a connection. ↗ original

קוֹרְבָה (קָרַב) nearness, approach, contact. Shabbath 13ᵃ ק׳ של גילוי עריות sexual contact; שום ק׳ בעלמא any bodily contact whatsoever; Avodah Zarah 17ᵃ Munich manuscript (edition קְרֵיבָה); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 589 קריבה.—Bava Bathra 23ᵇ ק׳ דאורייתא that in doubtful cases we are guided by what is nearest is a Biblical rule (derived from Deuteronomy 21, 3). ↗ original

קוּרְבִיטִין , see קַרְבִיטִין ↗ original

קוֹרְבִין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 1, 22ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᶜ top, see קְרֵב ↗ original

קוּרְבָּן , see קָרְבָּן Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

קוּרְדּוֹם , see קַרְדּוֹם ↗ original

קוֹרְדְּיָינָא , see גוֹרְדְּיָינִי ↗ original

קוּרְדְּיָיקוֹס (καρδιακός) delirious; (supply (understood word) חולי) delirium. [This meaning of καρδιακός is not recorded in dictionaries.] Gittin 7, 1 מי שאחזו ק׳ וכ׳ one who was seized with delirium and said, Give my wife a letter of divorce etc.; אמר … אחזו ק׳ וכ׳ if he said, Write etc., and then in a state of delirium said, Do not write etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 48ᶜ (explained הָמִים). the same place (ibid.) ק׳ שאמרו חכמים פעמים וכ׳ the kardiakos of whom the scholars speak, is one who is at times sane and at times insane; Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 1, 40ᵇ קונדייקוס (correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) קונדיקוס ק׳ (strike out קונדיקוס, as a corrupt dittography). Gittin 67ᵇ (explained our word) דנכתיה חמרא וכ׳ one whom new wine from the pit has bitten (given delirium tremens); הא קמ"ל דהא רוחא ק׳ שמיה the Mishnah, in using that word, intended to teach incidentally that that demon (disease) is named k. ↗ original

קורדימא , see קֵירוֹמָא ↗ original

קוֹרְדְּיָנָא , see קוֹרְדְּיָינָא ↗ original

קוֹרְדּ (see קוּרְדְּקִין) a certain style of shoes, dancing shoes. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵇ bottom of the page (explained עכסים, Isaiah 3, 18, Vulgate: calceamenta). ↗ original

קוּרְדִּיקִין same, see קוּרְדְּקִין ↗ original

קורדיקיני , see קוּרְדְּיָינָא ↗ original

קוּרְדַּנְיָיתָא , see קרְדּוּנְיָא ↗ original

קורדסן , Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 3, 12, see קִרְדֵּס ↗ original

קוּרְדְּקַיָּא (?) masculine plural name of a fruit. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 8, 38ᵃ (probably a corruption). ↗ original

קוּרְדְּקִין (also used as singular; a denominative of κόρδαξ, cordax, the dance of the Greek comedians) low and loosely fitting shoes not fastened by any ties, slippers (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Soccus). Esther Rabbah to 1, 16 שהיתה מסטרתה בקורדקין וכ׳ she slapped him in the face with her slipper. Bereshith Rabbah section 45 טפחתה בקורדקייסון (read: סין …; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) טפחה סקורדקיה על פניה, read: קוּרְדַּקְסֶיהָ) she slapped her etc. Vayikra Rabbah section 16, beginning (referring to Isaiah 3, 16) she put on her feet קורדיקין עבין וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קונדיריקון עבה) high-soled shoes to appear taller; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vattom., p. 132ᵇ קורדקין Oxford manuscript (edition קורקון, correct accordingly); Echah Rabbah to 4, 15 קרקוסין (correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 1031 קורדיקין. Tosefta Moed Katan 2, 16 שהיו … בקורדקייסין וכ׳ (variant reading קיסין של זהב …) went out in (gilt) slippers on the Sabbath; the same place (ibid.) אין נוהגין … בקורדקיי׳ בשבת (variant reading בקורדקיס׳ של זהב) it is not the custom here to go out in (gilt) slippers etc.; Pesachim 51ᵃ קורדקיסון (read: סין …; Munich manuscript קורדייקסין; Munich manuscript 2 קורדקסין; Oxford manuscript קורדקייסין); the same place (ibid.) בק׳ נמי דילמא משתלפין וכ׳ we also know the reason for not wearing slippers on the Sabbath, because they may slip off, and one may carry them etc. Yevamoth 102ᵇ לא … בקורדקיס׳ וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בקורדקייס׳) one must not walk around in slippers in one’s house (on the Day of Atonement). Ylamdenu to Deuteronomy 12, 29, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ↗ original

קוֹרָה 1 Chaldaic (Aramaic), see קוֹרָא 2 ↗ original

קוֹרָה 2 cold, cooling; קוֹרַת רוח [cooling of the spirit,] satisfaction, pleasure, comfort. Avoth 4, 17 יפה … של ק׳ ר׳ וכ׳ better one hour of gratification in the hereafter than a whole life of this world. Yevamoth 63ᵇ אין אדם מוצא ק׳ ר׳ וכ׳ a man finds contentment only with his first wife. Vayikra Rabbah section 3, end ברוך … לך ק׳ ר׳ be blessed and contented. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 7ᵈ bottom of the page ותבא לפניך קורת נפשנו לטובה and may our contentment come before thee for good; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוֹרָה 3 joist, beam, post. Bereshith Rabbah section 42, and elsewhere, see עוֹבִי.—קוֹרַת בית הבד, see בַּד 2. Kelim 12, 1 קוֹרַת החצים (not קורות) the (iron-shod) post used as a target for arrows; של אסירין the beam with holes for the hands of prisoners on a transport. Echah Rabbah to 3, 12, see חֵץ; and frequently—Kelim 11, 2 הק׳ (Mishnah edition הקורא) the long iron bolt of a city gate (corresp. to נגר, see Maimonides edition Dehr. ad loc. (on the passage) explained נגר). the trunk of a tree with its ramifications. Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 13, see כְּוֶורֶת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 10, 10ᵃ קורת שקמה the trunk of a sycamore tree; and elsewhere—plural קוֹרוֹת, קוֹרִים. Yoma 47ᵃ, see קֶלַע 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, end, 20ᶜ; Pesachim 57ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2 (3), 22. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 2, 41ᵇ bottom of the page—Bereshith Rabbah section 41, beginning; Bamidbar Rabbah section 3, beginning שפעת ק׳; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 845 שפעת קוֹרֶיהָ, see שִׁפְעָה I; and frequently—[Bereshith Rabbah section 71 מאחורי הקורים, see קוֹרִיִּים.] ↗ original

קוֹרָה 4 (participle fem. of קָרָה I) accident, event. — plural קוֹרוֹת. Tanchuma P’ḳudé 3 גוזר על כל קוֹרוֹתָיו וכ׳ he decrees concerning all things that will happen to him, except whether he is to be righteous or wicked. ↗ original

קוּרָה cavity, window; web. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 789, see קוּבָּה. ↗ original

קורוי , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 3, 40, see אֲפִיקֵירוֹס ↗ original

קוּרְחֲתָא , see קַרְחוּתָא ↗ original

קוֹרֶט (קדט, compare קָרַץ) a particle, grain, (coagulated) drop. Sanhedrin 43ᵃ, see לְבוֹנָה. Avodah Zarah 2, 6, see חִילְתִּית. Menachoth 11ᵃ ועמדה על ק׳ אחד so that only one grain of frankincense remained. Chullin 50ᵇ, and the following ק׳ דם a drop of coagulated blood; and frequently—plural קוֹרָטִין, קֳרָטִין, קֳרָטִים. the same place (ibid.) 58ᵇ בק׳ concerning the tears of assafœtida, opposite to עלין leaves. Menachoth the passage cited Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 3, end, 6ᶜ ק׳ של בוסם grains of burnt spices (remnants in the coal pan); Babylonian Shabbath 47ᵃ דאית ביה ק׳ some grains were yet left in it. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ בי רבי וכ׳ did those of the house of Rabbi care for the grains left unburnt? Tosefta Menachoth 1, 17; and frequently ↗ original

קוֹרְטָא Niddah 20ᵃ, see גַּרְגִּשְׁתָּא. Chullin 105ᵇ ומשתכח כי ק׳ בכורא it (the injurious kind of Sodomitic salt) is found in the proportion of one grain in a Kor; and elsewhere—plural קוֹרְטִין, קוֹרְטֵי. the same place (ibid.) 43ᵇ תרי ק׳ דמא two drops of coagulated blood; and elsewhere—Transferred a man of minute weight, pigmy. Bereshith Rabbah section 16 פישון … ננסא ק׳ קטוע פושכא manuscript Parah quoted Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) קרטא; edition only פישון זו בבל) Pishon (Genesis 2, 11) refers to Babel, (Nebuchadnezzar) the dwarf, the pigmy, the stunted, of the size of a hand-breadth (see Yalkut Shimoni Daniel 1062, quoted under the word פּוּשְׁקָא). ↗ original

קוּרְטְבָא , see קַרְדּוּ 2 ↗ original

קוּרְטַבְנִיוֹת , see קַרְדּוּנְיָא ↗ original

קוּרְטוּב , see קַרְטוּב ↗ original

קוֹרְטוֹר (קרטר, Parel of קְטַר 2; compare play on קטורה, Bereshith Rabbah section 61, quoted under the word גַּנְזַכָּה) [that which is tied up = אוֹצָר] store-room, treasury. Targum I Chronicles 29, 8. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 24, 13; the same place (ibid.) 22, 18 (strike out ביתיה).—plural קוּרְטוֹרִין. Targum Job 38, 22. the same place (ibid.) 3, 14. Targum I Chronicles 28, 11 (Hebrew text גנזכ־). ↗ original

קוּרְטְמֵי (see קִרְטֵם) [thorns, see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3743,] safflower, bastard saffron (carthamus). Pesachim 42ᵇ תלתא ק׳ (Munich manuscript 2 קטומי, emended קַרְטוּמֵי) one third portion (of the mixture) safflower. Berachoth 38ᵃ (some edition קיר׳; Manuscript Florence קורטני, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 60). Gittin 70ᵃ, see חָרֵי. ↗ original

קוּרְטְמָן (see the preceding; compare Syriac (Peshitta) קורטמא verba crassa et stupida, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3743) [stinging,] sharp, acute. Sanhedrin 100ᵇ (Munich manuscript קורש׳, correct accordingly; marg. gloss גרדמן; Manuscript Florence קורמטן, correct accordingly), see זַלְדְּקַן. ↗ original

קוּרְטֵסָא , see קַרְטֵיסָא ↗ original

קורי , Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, 38ᵃ top, see קִירִי ↗ original

קוּרְיָא , see קִרְיָיא ↗ original

קוֹרֵיא , see קוֹרֵאָה ↗ original

קוּרְיוֹטָה cariota, caryota, a species of dates. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᵈ bottom of the page (explained חֲצָד); Babylonian Avodah Zarah 14ᵇ (explained נקלס) קוּרְיָיטֵי plural (Munich manuscript קולאטא, קורי אטא, קוריטי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)). Berachoth 50ᵇ חזי לקורייטי is fit for a drink made of cariota (cariotum), see Löw, Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881, p. 111. ↗ original

קוריות , Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 850, כלי ק׳, see קוֹרְיָיס I ↗ original

קוּרְיָיא place, town, see קִרְיָיא. ↗ original

קוּרְיָיאָה (the preceding) inhabitant of a small place, villager.—plural קוּרְיָיאֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 4ᵃ top כגון אילין ק׳ דלא וכ׳ as is the case with country people who are not particular (about their linen ware). ↗ original

קוּרְיָיה Ḳuryah. Bereshith Rabbah section 19 אבא בר ק׳; see בַּרְקִירְיָיא. ↗ original

קוּרְיָיטֵי , see קוּרְיוֹטָה ↗ original

קוֹרִיִּים (denominative of קוֹרָה 3) those handling the press-beam, pressers. Bereshith Rabbah section 71 אף הגיתיות מאחורי הקורים וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הנשים … הקורייס; correct accordingly), see גִּתִּית; Esther Rabbah to 1, 10 הקורייס (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 6, 33ᵃ bottom of the page אפי׳ נשים מאחורי הק׳ וכ׳ even the women (wine-treaders) behind the pressers knew that David was to be king. ↗ original

קוֹרְיָיס 1 (corius, corium) leather, skin, bark; כלי ק׳ leather garments, working clothes. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 17, 16ᵃ bottom of the page מהו לטלטל כ׳ ק׳ וכ׳ is it permitted to handle working garments on the Sabbath? Bereshith Rabbah section 49, beginning שמותם … לכ׳ ק׳ וכ׳ the names of the wicked are like leather garments; as long as you use them, they wear well; when you let them lie, they rot. Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 17 נתעטף בכ׳ ק׳ שלו he wrapped himself in his working clothes. Devarim Rabbah section 7 (referring to Deuteronomy 29, 4) (כלום) כ׳ ק׳ וכ׳ were leather garments carried with the Israelites out of Egypt (that they did not wear out)?; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 11; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 92ᵃ, a. Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 850 קוריות (read: קוֹרְיוּם); Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 691; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 23 קוריים (edition Buber edition קואים, read: קוריום).—[Bereshith Rabbah section 71 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh); Esther Rabbah to 1, 10, see קוֹרִיִּים.—Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 11 שפעת ק׳, read: קוֹרִים, see שִׁפְעָה I, a. קוֹרָה 3.] ↗ original

קוֹרְיָיס 2 Ḳorias. Yerushalmi (prefix) Orlah 2, 62ᵃ ר׳ ק׳ (edition Amsterdam edition ביריית; see Friedman M’bo, p. 122ᵃ; p. 69ᵃ). ↗ original

קורינוס , see קִרְיָינוֹס ↗ original

קורכין , Bamidbar Rabbah section 23, end בק׳, see קְרוּכִין ↗ original

קוֹרָלִין (corallium, corallum) corals. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ ההן דגזז … קרולין (correct accordingly) he that cuts … corals (on the Sabbath). ↗ original

קורם , Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 4 some edition, see קֵירָס ↗ original

קוּרָמֵי ḳuramé, name of a water plant bearing fruit the kernels of which can be made edible by cooking (see Löw, Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881, p. 202). Eruvin 22ᵃ (R. Adda to his wife asking what she could do for his children during his absence at college) מי שלימו ק׳ באגמי (Munich manuscript, with slight difference of diction, קִירָמֵי; Oxford manuscript קוּרָאמֵי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) are the ḳ. in the marshes all gone?—5. קְרָמִית. ↗ original

קוּרְמִין , see קַרְמוּלִין ↗ original

קוּרְנוֹס , see קוּרְנָס ↗ original

קוּרְנֵיסָא , see קוּרְנְסָא ↗ original

קורניסין , see קֵירָס ↗ original

קוֹרָנִית (compare קֶרֶן) thyme or origanum (see Löw, Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881, pp. 181; 329). Tosefta Shabbath 14 (15), 12; Shabbath 128ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, 11ᵇ. Maasroth 3, 9; Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 1, beginning 21ᶜ; and elsewhere ↗ original

קוֹרָנִיתָא Shabbath 128ᵃ, see חֲשָׁאֵי ↗ original

קוּרְנָס , masculine (enlargement of קֶרֶן) mallet; smith’s hammer (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Malleus). Shabbath 12, 1. the same place (ibid.) 17, 2. Kelim 29, 6 (7) הק׳ של זהבים (edition Dehr. נוס …) the goldsmiths’ hammer; Shabbath 123ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ של בַּשָּׂמִים the spice-dealers’ mallet. Tosefta Avodah Zarah V (6), 7 עד שיכה בק׳ ויחבל (not ויאכל) until he strikes upon it with the hammer and batters it. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 43ᵈ bottom of the page מתרין בו על כל ק׳ וק׳ he is forewarned at every stroke of the mallet (with which he chisels the idol). Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 369 מעשה ק׳ beaten work; and frequently—[קורנסין, Bereshith Rabbah section 58 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קְלִירוֹס.] ↗ original

קוּרְנְסָא Targum Psalms 74, 5. Targum Isaiah 41, 7 (Hebrew text פעם). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 8, 4 עובד אומן בק׳ gold-beating work (Hebrew text מעשה מקשה).—Nedarim 10ᵇ ק׳ לא אמר כלום Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קוּרְנְשָׁא) if a person used the word ḳurn’sa for a vow (in place of קונם), he has said nothing (it is no vow).—Transferred proboscis. Chullin 58ᵇ בקוּרְנְסֵיה, see בַּקָּא. ↗ original

קורס , see קֵירָס ↗ original

קוּרְסֵל , see קַרְסוּל ↗ original

קוּרְסַם (see קִרְסֵם; compare מגלב, frequently גלב) a blow or lash. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᶜ bottom of the page ↗ original

קוּרְפְּדַאי (compare קוּפָּד) mole. Chullin 63ᵃ באות … ק׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קַרְפְּ׳; Manuscript Rome 1 קרופ׳), see בָּאוָת.—Berachoth 57ᵇ [read:] כל מיני שרצים יפין לחלום חוץ מק׳ (Munich manuscript קוּפְּדַאי, edition קורפראי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8) dreams of all kinds of creeping things, except moles, are auspicious. ↗ original

קוּרְפְּדַיָּיא (compare the preceding) long and narrow jars. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 4, beginning 62ᵇ אילין ק׳ דקיקתה וכ׳ the slender jars two or three of which can be carried in one hand. ↗ original

קוּרְפָּיוֹת a kind of cups or bowls with pointed bottoms. Kelim 4, 3 (Rabbenu Shimshon קַרְפָּאוֹת; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קִירְפָּ׳); Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 3, 11 קַפְרָאוֹת edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קרפאות). ↗ original

קורפסה quid?—Ylamdenu to Numbers 8, 2 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), and explained קונקי (= קוֹנְכִי?). ↗ original

קורפראי , see קוּרְפְּדַאי ↗ original

קוּרְצָא , see קרְצָא ↗ original

קורצד , Tosefta Makhshirin 1, 7 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), other edition קירצוד, read with Rabbenu Shimshon to Makhshirin 2, 3: בור ציר a pitful of brine (variant reading in Rabbenu Shimshon בור סיד a lime pitful). ↗ original

*קוֹרְצִין (קָרַץ; compare קָרוֹצָא) destructive insects, worms. Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 31 ברא ק׳ בעולם וברא ק׳ באדם זה בני מיעיו וכ׳ (not זה אזניו; variant reading edition Schechter כִּרְצִים, see כִּרְצָא) he created destroyers in the world (vegetable kingdom), and so he did in man, namely the intestinal worms. [The entire passage is a variant reading of the the preceding ברא חיה וכ׳.] ↗ original

קוּרְצִין (see קַרְצָא) destruction. Treatise Derekh Erets Chaldaic (Aramaic) 11 [read:] האוכל ק׳ הרי זה וכ׳ the informer belongs to the class of shedders of blood (referring to Leviticus 19, 16).—[Tosefta Bava Metzia 9, 19, see קֶרֶץ.] ↗ original

קורצין , Devarim Rabbah section 2 תפיסת ק׳, see קְווּצּוֹת ↗ original

קוּרְקָא (perh. a corruption of קורדקא, see קוּרְדְּקִין) a shoe made entirely of goats’ hair or of cloth, slipper. Yevamoth 102ᵇ ההוא קו׳ מקרי Rashi (edition קרקא) such a shoe has the special name of ḳurḳa (and is not included in נעל or מנעול). ↗ original

קוֹרְקְבָן (= קבקב׳; compare קוֹבַע, כּוֹבַע) the thick muscular stomach of birds, craw. Chullin 3, 3. the same place (ibid.) 6 (among the characteristics of clean birds) קוֹרְקְבָנוֹ נקלף whose craw peels easily; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3 (4), 22; Chullin 61ᵃ וקוּרְקְבָנָן נקלף (not וקורקבן); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 537 וקרקבנו (correct accordingly); and frequently—plural קָרְקְבָנִין (with singular meaning). Tosefta the passage cited 16 באלו … אמרו בק׳ וכ׳ by these intestines are meant: the craw, the liver, and the heart. Sifra Vayiḳra, N’dabah, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 8, Parah 7.—In gen. stomach (= הֶמְסֵס). Berachoth 61ᵇ top ק׳ טוחן the stomach (of man) grinds. Shabbath 152ᵃ (referring to Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 4) בשביל ק׳ שאינו טוחן on account of the stomach’s failing to grind. ↗ original

קוּרְקְבָנָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Leviticus 1, 16. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) 11, 13; Deuteronomy 14, 11. ↗ original

קוּרְקוּנְיָא Ḳurḳunia in Babylonia. Avodah Zarah 16ᵇ (Munich manuscript אַקְרוֹקוּנְיָא). Bava Kamma 7ᵇ אקרוקניא Munich manuscript (Manuscript Hamburg אקרקוניא; edition אקרוניא). the same place (ibid.) 88ᵃ אקרוקניא Munich manuscript (Oxford manuscript ארוקינייא; edition הגרוניא). Eruvin 60ᵃ בני קוקוניא Munich manuscript (Oxford manuscript קקוניא; edition קקונאי, correct accordingly, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original

קורקון , see קוֹרְדְּקִין ↗ original

קוּרְקוֹס , see קוּרְקָס, קוּרְקְסָא. ↗ original

קוּרְקוּר (see קִירְקוּר) croaking. Bava Bathra 23ᵃ אפיקו לי ק׳ get that croaking (those ravens) away from here. ↗ original

קוּרְקוּרָה , see קַרְקָרָה ↗ original

קוּרְקְיָאנֵי , see קוּקְיָאנֵי ↗ original

קוּרְקִין , see קוּרְדְּקִין a. קוּרְקָא. ↗ original

קוֹרְקִיסָתָא , see קִרְקְסָא ↗ original

קוּרְקָנוֹת , see קִירְקָנוֹת ↗ original

קוּרְקָס (reduplic. of קֶרֶס) hook, ring, clasp.—plural קוּרְקָסִים, קוּרְקָסִין, קוּרְקוֹסִ׳. Bereshith Rabbah section 18 אפי׳ ק׳ של זהב וכ׳ even gold curtain rings he made for him. Bamidbar Rabbah section 4 היו מגביהין … ופורקין את הק׳ they lifted the curtain on poles and unhooked it. Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 3 קוּרְקוֹסֵי השמים במימי וכ׳ the hooks of the heavenly canopy are fastened to the waters of the Ocean (that surrounds the earth). ↗ original

קוּרְקְסָא *עיזא דק׳ ‘a goat with hooks’, name of a threshing sledge (see טוּרְבֵּיל). Avodah Zarah 24ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 122 קוּרְקְשָׁא; Menachoth 22ᵃ (Manuscript Rome 1 קורפסא, 2 קורקסאי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 100); Zevachim 116ᵇ קוּרְקְסֵי Munich manuscript (edition קרקשא, Rashi קורקשא).—plural קוּרְקְסַיָּא, קוּרְקְסֵי, קוּרְקוֹס׳, Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 9, end, 41ᶜ אין אתין … ק׳ דאפותיקיא דידי (edition Krot. קי׳; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קר׳) if all the camels of Arabia came together, they could not carry the clasps (bolts) of my treasuries. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah. 3, 17ᵈ top אשכח … על קַרְקְסוֹי found a snake wound around his locks; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 404 קוּרְקוֹסוֹי; Yalkut Shimoni Kings 222 קירקוסיי (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קוּרְקַסְוָון (the preceding) threshing sledges. Targum I Chronicles 21, 23. ↗ original

קורקסיו , Pesikta Rabbati section 6 תיאטרון וק׳, read: וקִירְקְסִין; see קִרְקְסָיוֹת ↗ original

קוּרְקְסָתָא , see קִרְקְסָא ↗ original

קוּרְקָרָה , see קַרְקָרָה ↗ original

קוּרְקְשָׁא (see next word) a frame of boards; עיזא דק׳ threshing sledge; see קוּרְקְסָא. ↗ original

קוּרְשָׁא = Hebrew קֶרֶשׁ, board. Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 1 ק׳ דספינתא the board of a wrecked ship. ↗ original

קוֹרָתָא cold, see קָרְתָא. ↗ original

קוּשׁ , see קשש ↗ original

קוֹשְׁטְ common gender Ḳoshṭ (costum, κοστός), name of a fragrant root or shrub, putchuck. ʿUktsin 3, 5; Niddah 51ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 3, 79ᶜ כוש׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 9, end, 25ᵈ כּוֹשְׁתְּ; Sifré Deuteronomy 107. Kerithoth 6ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᶜ (one of the ingredients of frankincense). Chaldaic כָּשַׁרְתָּא. ↗ original

קוֹשֶׁט straightness, truth. Bereshith Rabbah section 55 (referring to Psalms 60, 6) וכל כך למה מפני ק׳ בשביל שתתקשט וכ׳ and wherefor all this (trial)? For the sake of truth, in order that divine justice be justified in the world; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 95; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 777 כדי ליתן … בק׳ in order to give them their reward in truth (referring to Isaiah 61, 8); Yalkut Shimoni Job 906. ↗ original

קוּשְׁטָא see קְשׁוֹט.—[Targum Psalms 61, 4, see קוּסְטַל a. קוּשְׁקָא.] ↗ original

קוּשְׁטָן (the preceding) true. Vayikra Rabbah section 26 כבר מילא ק׳ (some edition קַשְׁטָן) surely, the thing is true. ↗ original

קוּשְׁטַנְטִינָא , see sub קוּסְטַ׳. ↗ original

קוּשְׁטָנִית , see קַשְׁטָנִית ↗ original

קוֹשִׁי (קָשָׁה) [hardness, stiffness,] erection. Sanhedrin 55ᵃ, opposite מת (אבר). protracted travailing (see Genesis 35, 17). Sifra Thazr. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2; Niddah 38ᵇ, opposite שופי. the same place (ibid.) 4, 6. Yevamoth 83ᵃ; and frequently hard effort; בק׳ by an effort, reluctantly. Shabbath 12ᵇ בק׳ התירו לנחם וכ׳ it was with reluctance that they allowed mourners to be comforted and the sick to be visited on the Sabbath (because it disturbs the Sabbath joy). ↗ original

קוּשְׁיָא (the preceding) difficulty, question, objection, argument. Sanhedrin 75ᵇ, and the following מהאי ק׳ לא נידונה we cannot draw the analogy on account of this argument. Bava Kamma 117ᵃ אמר להו האי ק׳ והאי ק׳ וכ׳ he told them of one difficulty and of another, and how they were solved. Menachoth 95ᵇ, and frequently מאי ק׳ what argument is this?, i.e. this is no argument. the same place (ibid.) מאי קַשְׁיָא (Manuscript Karlsruhe קוש׳). Chullin 3ᵇ כי קוּשְׁיֵיה in accordance with his argument; and very frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 19, 17ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 6, 33ᵈ top מן קוֹשַׁיי מקשי לה וכ׳ what was the difficulty that R. J. found (to induce him to say), provided that etc.?—plural קוּשְׁיָיתָא. Horayoth 13ᵇ, see פִּיתְקָא. Yoma 3ᵇ לאפוקי כולי קוּשְׁיָיתִין excluding all the cases which we argued. Yevamoth 77ᵃ top, see קְשֵׁי; and frequently ↗ original

קוֹשַׁיי , see the preceding ↗ original

קוּשְׁקָא (Pers. ḳushḳ aedificium magnum et altum, Vollers; probably Semitic, compare קִישְׁקוּשָׁא) high building, tower. Targum Psalms 61, 4 ק׳ עשינא manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition Lagarde edition בקושטא עישונא), see קוּסְטַל.—plural קוּשְׁקֵי. Targum 2 Chronicles 36, 15.—Shabbath 11ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a Oxford manuscript, see קִישְׁקוּשָׁא 2. ↗ original

קַוְשֶׁקֶר (= קַו שֶׁקֶר) Ḳavsheḳer (Rule of Falsehood), a fictitious name of one of the judges of Sodom. Bereshith Rabbah section 50 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition, a. Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 84 קץ שקר, see קָצַץ). ↗ original

קוּשְׁקְרָא , see גּוּשְׁקְרָא ↗ original

קושרי , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᶜ ק׳ פיאה, read: קישורי פואה, see קִישּׁוּר ↗ original

קוֹשַׁרְתָּא (קשר) belt of knotted rope, poor man’s belt. Tanchuma Aḥăré 1 קו שררתיה, read: קוֹשַׁרְתֵּיה his belt (was all that was left to Solomon, see קוֹד); Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, 20ᶜ bottom of the page קִישַׁרְתֵּיה; Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 10; 9, 11 קְשַׁרְתֵּיה.—plural קוּשְׁרָן. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 10ᶜ top, see קוּנְטְרָא. ↗ original

קוֹשֵׁשׁ (?) Beth Ḳoshesh. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 1, 3ᵃ bottom of the page, see מְקוֹשֵׁשׁ 2. ↗ original

קותונה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵃ, see קִיתוֹנָא ↗ original

קוֹתְלָא , plural קוֹתְלֵי; ק׳ דחזירי bacon. Chullin 17ᵃ; Megillah 13ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see כּוֹתְלָא. ↗ original

קָזָא , see קָאזָא ↗ original

קזדור , see קוּסְדּוֹר ↗ original

קְזַז (compare קצץ, נקז) to cut, divide. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַזֵּז (to mark; to calculate, settle, strike the balance. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 14ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 5, 20ᶜ bottom of the page (explained פרוש קיזי) עביד … ומְקַזֵּז חדא עם חדא he commits one sin and does one good deed, and strikes the balance, ‘one against one.’ Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page דהוות ציימא … ומְקַזָּה ליה תריי she used to fast one day and mark down two (deceiving herself in her account with God). ↗ original

קזמיקרטור , see קוֹזְמוֹקְרָטוֹר ↗ original

קָח , Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3516) stalk, shoot. Sukkah 34ᵃ, see צַפְצָפָה; Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 357. ↗ original

קְחַח to be dull, faint. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 32, 26 some edition, see קְהֵי. ↗ original

קְחָחָא (the preceding) faint-colored, gray (?).—plural קְחָחִין. Targum Zechariah 1, 8 edition Lagarde edition (other edition קְוָוחִין, קְוָח׳; Hebrew text שרקים). ↗ original

קְטָא 1 (= קְטַע) to cut, pluck; (compare קְטַף) to harvest. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 45ᵈ top (proverbial expression) אין ק׳ ק׳ שיחור וכ׳ if he plucks (gains anything), he plucks a piece of coal, if he loses, he loses a pearl (i.e. he risks his life for a trifle); Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 41ᵃ bottom of the page ק׳ שידו (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קְטָא 2 (the preceding) fragment, chip. Pesikta Rabbati section 21 ההוא תלמידא ק׳ מן וכ׳ that student is a chip from (the rock of) Mount Sinai; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 4, beginning 22ᵃ קְטוֹעַ. ↗ original

קַטָּא , see קַטַּיָּיא ↗ original

קָטָאבָה (κατάβα) descend! Tanchuma Tsav 2, see אֲלִנִסְטִי. ↗ original

קטאדיקון , see next word ↗ original

קָטָאדִיקוֹס (κατάδικος) collector of fines. [This meaning of our word is not recorded in Dictionaries.] Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 305 משל לארכיטקטון שבנה מדינה ועשה … ואחר כך יצא ק׳ על אותה מדינה (not קאטרקי) like the case of an architect that built a fortress and made underground passages and caves and secret chambers therein, and who afterwards came forth as a collector of fines against that same city; Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 705 לארכיטקסן … שהשליך קטיריס למדינה (corrupted and supplement according); Tanchuma Naso 5 לארכיטקטון שהיה קאטריקוס על מדינה; edition Buber edition 8 יצא קאטריקון; Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 beginning לארכיקיטון קטאדיקוס על אותה מדינה (supplement and correct accordingly); (see Bereshith Rabbah section 24 beginning לאחר ימים נעשה גבאי). ↗ original

קָטָאדִיקִי (καταδίκη) judgment, sentence, fine. Shemoth Rabbah section 11 [read:] כאדם שאומר לחבירו לא יטול פלוני ק׳ זו … עליו like a man saying to his neighbor, that man will not undergo that sentence, for such and such stands by him as his patron. Shemoth Rabbah section 30 [read:] נתן ק׳ לקומיס he passed sentence on the Comes; נתן ק׳ לאברהם he sentenced Abraham (thy seed shall be strangers etc., Genesis 15, 13). Vayikra Rabbah section 18, end בו"ד גובה ק׳ וכ׳ (not קטירקי) a human being (king) collects a fine, and so does the Lord (referring to Deuteronomy 22, 19); Bamidbar Rabbah section 7 יש לו קטריקס (correct accordingly). Devarim Rabbah section 3 בניך חוטאין ואתה נותן עלי ק׳ thy children sinned, and me thou punishest? the same place (ibid.) לתת עליך ק׳ אתה וכ׳ (I want) to fine thee; thou hast broken them (the tablets) and thou must replace them. Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 12 היא ק׳ דידיה … ק׳ דמלכות וכ׳ it (his wealth) is his punishment; when a verdict from the government comes out against him, he will give whatever he has (to be released). Pesikta Rabbati section 10 מהו ק׳ שלו what is the fine he has to pay?; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִטָּאוֹת , see קִיטָּי ↗ original

קטב , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 30, 34, see קְטַף 2 ↗ original

קְטַב to cut, split. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 19, 5 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קטע). ↗ original

קֶטֶב see the preceding) [cutting down,] pestilence; ק׳ or ק׳ מרירי [bitter, deadly disease], Ḳeṭeb (M’riri), name of a demon. Echah Rabbah to 1, 3 ביומן דעקא … שבהם ק׳ מ׳ מצוי in the days of anguish, from the seventeenth of Tammuz to the ninth of Ab, during which Ḳ. M. is about. Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 (referring to Psalms 91, 6) שד … שמו ק׳ וכ׳ it is a demon, and why is his name Ḳeṭeb? etc., see בְּזַז, גְּזַז. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ מ׳ עשוי וכ׳ Ḳ. M. is covered with peeling crusts, with hairs and with eyes; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 842; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 91. Pesachim 111ᵇ חזייה להאי ק׳ מ׳ וכ׳ he said K. M. coming to his left side. ↗ original

קִטְבָּא —plural קִטְבֵּי. Pesachim 111ᵇ תרי ק׳ הוו וכ׳ there are two Ḳeṭebs, one before noon etc.; that of the forenoon is named Ḳeṭeb M’riri, that of the afternoon, ‘Ḳeṭeb that wasteth at noon’ (Psalms 91, 6). ↗ original

קָטָבוֹלְיָא (corresp. to a word καταβολία; compare κατάβλημα) a (leather) curtain, spread, cover. Kelim 16, 4 ק׳ the hide spread over the bed-frame. Tosefta Shabbath 3 (4), 17 קיטבליא חדשה (variant reading קטבליא, טבלה) a new leather spread; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 8ᵃ קטיבלייא; Tosefta Terumoth 10, 11 קיטבילא edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קטבוליא); Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᵃ bottom of the page קטיב׳. Kelim 26, 5 (6) עור קטבוליא Mishnah edition (Talmud edition קטבולין) the hide which is used as a spread. Bava Metzia 90ᵇ פרס לה קיטבליא ע"ג דישה (Munich manuscript קטביל׳; Manuscript Florence קרטבליא) if he spread a leather cover over the grain to be threshed (preventing the ox from eating); and elsewhere—plural (frequently קָטַבְלִי καταβολή) קָטָבְלָאוֹת, קָטַבְלָיוֹת. Shekalim 3, 4 מחפה בק׳ (Munich manuscript קיטבל׳) he covered (last year’s contributions) with leather spreads. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, end, 47ᶜ שמט את הקטבליו׳ (edition Krot. הקטבליי׳; Babylonian edition קטבליאות; Munich manuscript קיטבלאות) when the covers are removed; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 4 שמנו ק׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קָטָבְלָא , see קַרְטוּבְלָא ↗ original

קטבלטון , see קָטָבְלִימָטִין ↗ original

קָטָבְלִי , see קָטָבוֹלְיָא ↗ original

קטבליטון , read: ↗ original

קָטָבְלִימָטִין (καταβλήματα) proceeds of taxes (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Eisphora). Bamidbar Rabbah section 4 אותו … חייב ק׳ that (deposed) banker owes the proceeds (which he had failed to deliver). ↗ original

קָטָדִיקוֹס , see sub קָטָאדִ׳. ↗ original

קָטָה (= קטע) to cut off. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 4, 28ᵇ top, see קָטַע. ↗ original

קְטָה Chaldaic (Aramaic), see קְטָא ↗ original

קִטָּה , Nega'im 11, 7 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קִיטָּי ↗ original

קטה , Pesikta Rabbati section 31 קטה כמין ניכו׳, a corruption, see כַּוָּוי ↗ original

קְטוּ , see קְטוּתָא ↗ original

קִטּוּל , see קִיטּוּל ↗ original

קָטוֹל (קְטַל) manslayer, murderer. Targum Isaiah 14, 12 (edition Vilna edition קְ׳, correct accordingly). Targum Numbers 35, 16; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, 24ᵃ (explained בן הרוצחן) [read:] בריה דקָטוֹלָה son of a murderer; and elsewhere—plural קָטוֹלִין, קָטוֹלַיָּא, קְ׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 20, 13. Targum Psalms 62, 4 (manuscript קַטּ׳); and elsewhere ↗ original

קְטוֹל (the preceding) slaying, death. Targum Isaiah 21, 15. Targum Job 5, 15 manuscript (edition קְטִילָא). Targum I Kings 2, 26; and frequently—Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joḥ. 1) ק׳ אכזראה (some edition קטי׳), see אַכְזְרָאָה.—5. קְטָלָא, a. קִיטּוּל. ↗ original

קָטוֹלָא , see קָטוֹל ↗ original

קטומא , see קְטִיזְמָא ↗ original

קָטוֹן , see קָטָן ↗ original

קטוניות , Yoma 15ᵇ, see קִיטוֹן Hebrew ↗ original

קִטּוּנִית proper noun of a place Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᵇ bottom of the page (rend. of קַטָּת, Joshua 19, 15), see Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 189. ↗ original

קִטּוּנְתָּא , see קִיטּוּנְתָּא ↗ original

קְטוּסְפָּאָה , see sub קְטִיסְפּ׳. ↗ original

קָטוֹעַ (קְטַע) chopper, hewer. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 29, 10.—plural קָטוֹעַיָּא, construct state קְטוֹעֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2 the same place (ibid.)—Targum 2 Chronicles 2, 9 קַטָּעַיָּא. ↗ original

קְטוֹעַ (the preceding) chip. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 4, beginning 22ᵃ, see קְטָא 2. ↗ original

קִטּוּף , see sub קִיטּ׳. ↗ original

קְטוֹף , see קְטַף 3 ↗ original

קָטוֹפָא (קְטַף) cutter, grape-gatherer.—plural קָטוֹפִין, קְ׳. Targum Obadiah, Book of 1, 5; Targum Jeremiah 49, 9 (some edition קַטְפִ׳; Hebrew text בצרים). the same place (ibid.) 4, 16 (Hebrew text נצרים!). ↗ original

קְטוֹפָא (the preceding) [ready to be cut,] vine with ripe clusters. — plural קְטוֹפֵי. Kethuboth 112ᵃ חזנהו להנהו ק׳ וכ׳ (some edition קְטִיפֵי) saw the laden vines standing (looking) like calves. ↗ original

קִטּוּר , see sub קִיטּ׳. ↗ original

קְטוֹר (קְטַר 2) knot. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 33, 23 ק׳ דתפילי (strike out דבידא, or דבירא, which came over from Yerushalmi (prefix) 2). band, girdle. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 18, 4 (see Chullin 138ᵃ).—plural construct state קְטוֹרֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 50, 11 (edition Vienna edition קְטוּ׳).—5. קִיטְרָא 2. ↗ original

קְטוּרָה (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a female person Keturah, the second wife of Abraham. Bereshith Rabbah section 61 ק׳ … זו הגר K. is Hagar; Tanchuma Ḥayé 8; the same place (ibid.) ק׳ שהית׳ קשורה כנוד she was called K. (the tied up, see קָטַר 2), because she was tied up like a water bag (was chaste). Zevachim 62ᵇ קרי עלייהו בני ק׳ (not עליהם, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 70) he cried out over them, sons of K. (i.e. sons of Abraham, but not of Sarah); and frequently ↗ original

קטורין , see כַּלַּקְטֵירִין ↗ original

קטורנים , see קִטְּרוֹנִים ↗ original

קְטוֹרֶת , see קְטֹרֶת, קְטָרְתָּא. ↗ original

קְטוּתָא (קְטָא) branch, switch. Echah Rabbah to 1, 3 (some edition קְטִיתָא); Bamidbar Rabbah section 12. ↗ original

קָטַט (compare קצץ) to cut, diminish. Pilp. קִטְקֵט [to make fine,] (compare דִּקְדֵּק) to even the woof by beating. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 12, 13ᶜ bottom of the page השובט והמְקַטְקֵט על האריג he who beats to make the web close or to make the woof even; the same place (ibid.)ᵈ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 6, 33ᵇ top of the page Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֵיקֵט , see next word ↗ original

קְטָטָה (the preceding; compare meanings of חסד, חרף etc.) quarrel, dispute, discord, opposite שלום. Yevamoth 15, 1 ק׳ בינו לבינה וכ׳ if there had been a dispute between husband and wife (at the time of, or before his alleged death) etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 14ᵈ top לא קדשתני … אין זה ק׳ if she had said (at the time of the dispute), thou hast never betrothed me …, this is not a dispute (on account of which her statement concerning her husband’s death is to be rejected); קידשתני … הרי זה ק׳ thou didst betroth me, but thou hast divorced me and not given me my ḳ’thubah, that is a dispute (which makes her untrustworthy); Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 116ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) מאי טעמא דק׳ what is the reason that her statement is disbelieved in the case of a dispute? the same place (ibid.)ᵇ דארגיל הוא ק׳ (Tosafoth דארגיל בה ק׳ when he was in the habit of quarrelling (whereas she loved him). the same place (ibid.) עד אחד בק׳ מהו if there is one witness testifying to the husband’s death, is it sufficient also if disunion was known to have existed between them? the same place (ibid.) כיון דאית ליה ק׳ וכ׳ because there has been discord between them, (we apprehend that) she will not be careful to ascertain her husband’s death, and get married again. Shabbath 130ᵃ מצוה שקבלו עליהם בק׳ a law that the Israelites accepted under quarrel (protest) etc., opposite בשמחה. Pesikta Rabbati section 38 אם היתה ק׳ וכ׳ if there has been a quarrel between a man and his neighbor, how can he obtain forgiveness on the Day of Atonement? Bereshith Rabbah section 8 שלום … דכוליה ק׳ Peace said (to God), let him (man) not be created, for he will be all quarrel. Koheleth Rabbah to 4, 9 (when he saw two men walking on the road, he said) שלום לכון מרי ק׳ peace to you, men of quarrel (sure to have a dispute); and elsewhere ↗ original

קִטָּי , see קִיטָּי ↗ original

קַטַּיָּא , see קַטַּיָּיא ↗ original

קטיבלייא , see קָטָבוֹלְיָא ↗ original

קָטֵיגוֹר (κατήγορος) accuser, public prosecutor. Avoth 4, 11 העובר … קונה לו ק׳ אחד he who commits one sin, acquires one prosecutor for himself, opposite פרקליט. Rosh Hashanah 26ᵃ, see סְנֵיגוֹר. Shemoth Rabbah section 43, beginning Vayikra Rabbah section 19 עלה קָטֵיגוֹרוֹ וכ׳ his (Solomon’s) accuser (before the Lord) arose etc. Vayikra Rabbah section 30; and frequently—[Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2 קושרין ק׳, read: קָטֵיגוֹרְיָא.]—plural קָטֵיגוֹרִים, קָטֵיגוֹרִין. Pesikta Rabbati section 40 וק׳ עומדים לפניך … קטיגוריא (not רים …) the accusers stand before thee, and the advocates stand before thee, these pleading in our favor, and those bringing charges against us. Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 57ᵇ top of the page Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 8, 2 בכל יום הייתם ק׳ וכ׳ edition Buber edition (edition קטיגטין, correct accordingly) at all times you have been accusers (creating mischief) between me and Israel; and elsewhere—Bereshith Rabbah section 31, beginning הגיע ק׳ some edition, read: קָטֵיגוֹרְיָא. ↗ original

קַטֵיגוֹרָא —plural קַטֵיגוֹרַיָּא. Targum Job 33, 23. ↗ original

קָטֵיגוֹרְיָא (κατηγορία) accusation, denunciation, prosecution. Echah Rabbah to 1, 13 קפצה ק׳ לפני כסא וכ׳ Prosecution sprang up before the throne of glory, and spoke etc. Shemoth Rabbah section 15 end אחד מלמד ק׳ שלו וכ׳ one pleads for his prosecution (proving him guilty), and the other for the defence; אבל הקב"ה … והוא מלמד ק׳ but not so the Lord, he defends and he accuses. Pesikta Rabbati section 40 אומרים ק׳ (not רים …), see קָטֵיגוֹר. Bereshith Rabbah section 31, beginning הגיע ק׳ שלהן לפני the charges against them have come before me; and frequently—Kethuboth 112ᵇ דור … ק׳ בתלמידים in the period of the advent of the Messiah there will be prosecution (ill-will) against scholars. Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2 היו … קושרין ק׳ על משה (not קטיגור) the angels conspired to speak ill of Moses. ↗ original

קטיגטין , see קָטֵיגוֹר ↗ original

קטיגמא , see קְטִיזְמָא ↗ original

קִטָּיוֹת , see קִיטָּי ↗ original

קְטִיזְמָא (κτίσμα) creature, creation. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 18, 36 בו"ד … ק׳ שלו אלא מזכיר ק׳ וכ׳ edition Buber edition (not קטיגמא) when a human being sets a memorial to his name, he mentions first his name, and then his creation, but not so the Lord, he records his creation first and then his name, as we read (Genesis 1, 1), ‘In the beginning created God;’ Bereshith Rabbah section 1 (misplaced and curtailed, see Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word קטיזמא); Tanchuma edition Buber edition Bereshith 4 קטומה (correct accordingly); the same place (ibid.) 5 הטיומא (correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 162 קטיומא (correct accordingly).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 5, 5ᵃ top [read:] רשב"ג אומר אומר קְטִיזְמִי היא זו (not קוט׳) Rabbenu Shimshon b. G. says, he (the purchaser of a breeding slave) may say, it is my creation (i.e. damages for injury to his slave’s embryo belong to him). ↗ original

קַטַּיָּיא (see קְטָא I) cucumbers. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 11, 5, Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 11, 5. ↗ original

קְטֵיל , see קְטַל ↗ original

קְטִיל , participle passive of קְטַל. ↗ original

קְטִילָא = קְטוֹלָא, putting to death. Targum Job 5, 15, see קְטוֹלָא.—Constr. קְטִילַת. Targum Ruth 1, 17; Targum Esther 9, 5 ק׳ סייפא death by the sword. ↗ original

קָטִילָא chain, see קַטְלָא Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

קַטִּין 1 Ḳaṭṭin. Yoma 3, 10 (37ᵃ) בן ק׳ (Oxford manuscript קטן) Ben Ḳ.; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 2; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, beginning 48ᶜ ↗ original

קַטִּין 2 (קטן) slender, thin, fine. Zevachim 62ᵇ דאריך וק׳ that the altar may be long and narrow (an oblong instead of a square). Bava Metzia 85ᵃ, see חֲרוֹכָא. Arachin 13ᵇ ק׳ קלייהו their voices were fine (high tenor), opposite עב, see קְטַט. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, end, 55ᶜ חמית … רגלי ק׳ I saw in my dream that my foot was emaciated. Chullin 48ᵇ ק׳ a thin pin. Echah Rabbah to 3, 19 (proverb) עד דשמינא עביד ק׳ נפשיה דק׳ וכ׳ by the time the stout becomes thin, the life of the thin is gone out (until the mighty are punished, the weak perish); and elsewhere—ארעא ק׳, see next word—plural קַטִּינֵי; feminine קַטִּינָתָא. Bava Metzia 89ᵃ משליף ק׳ וכ׳ he pulls out the slender onions from among the large. Yevamoth 43ᵃ ק׳ thin (fine) combs, see אַלִּים. Pesachim 112ᵇ גרמי ק׳ thin bones. Eruvin 65ᵃ, see נוּם Chaldaic (Aramaic); and elsewhere ↗ original

קַטִּינָא 2 (the preceding) something small; ק׳ דארעא (or supply (understood word) דארעא) a small piece of ground. Bava Kamma 59ᵃ אגב ק׳ דא׳ in connection with a small piece of ground. Kethuboth 91ᵇ שבק ק׳ דא׳ וכ׳ left to his heirs a small piece of ground worth fifty Zuz. the same place (ibid.) הני חמשין זוזי דמי דארעא ק׳ (Rashi: דמי ק׳) these fifty Zuz I give in payment for the small field. Gittin 30ᵇ כמעשה ק׳ דאביי like the case of the small field that Abayi had to decide upon (Kethuboth the passage cited).—plural קַטִּינֵי. Kethuboth the passage cited תרי ק׳ דא׳ two small fields. ↗ original

קַטִּינָא 3 Ḳaṭṭina, name of an Amora. Berachoth 59ᵃ. Bava Metzia 79ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original

קַטִּינָאֵי (see קַטִּינָא I) slender onions (with small heads and long stems, see פְּלַלְגּוּלָא, a. Sm. Dictionary Antiquities (Josephus) under the word Caepa). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 5, 36ᵃ top (explained קיצונים); [Rabbenu Shimshon to Shevi'ith 5, 4 reads: קַיְיטְנָאֵי (denominative of קַיְיטָא) summer-onions.] ↗ original

קַטִּינוּתָא , see קַטְנוּתָא ↗ original

קַטִּינְתָּא , see קַטִּין 2 ↗ original

קטיסין , Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 362; Yalkut Shimoni Daniel 1061, a perversion of דְּיוֹנִיסִין, see קאניסין ↗ original

קְטִיסְפָּאָה (next article) of Ctesiphon. Bava Bathra 93ᵇ חייא קטו׳ (Manuscript Hamburg כטיפסאה, emended ק׳); Betzah 38ᵇ ↗ original

קטיספו , see next word ↗ original

קְטִיסְפּוֹן Ctesiphon, a city in the southern part of Assyria, on the eastern bank of the river Tigris. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 10, 10 (edition Vienna edition קְטִסְפּוֹן); Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 קַטִּיסְפּוּ (Hebrew text כלנה).—Bereshith Rabbah section 37 (not קטוספין, קטיספין). Vayikra Rabbah section 5; Bamidbar Rabbah section 10; Yalkut Shimoni Amos 545 קטס׳; and elsewhere; 5. אִקְטִיסְפּוֹן. ↗ original

קַטִּיעַ (קְטַע) mutilating, barbarous. Avodah Zarah 10ᵇ קרו לך מלכותא ק׳ they will call thee (thy government) a mutilating government (that kills its own subjects); Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 373; Pesachim 87ᵇ ↗ original

קְטִיעָא (the preceding) dwarfed, puny. Yalkut Shimoni Daniel 1062, see פּוּשְׁקָא. proper noun of a male person Ḳ’ṭiʿa. Avodah Zarah 10ᵇ ק׳ בר שלום name of a gentile Roman counsellor, who suffered death for pleading in favor of the Jews, saying to the emperor, They will call thee מלכותא קטיעא (see the preceding); Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 373. ↗ original

קַטִּיעֲתָא , see קֵטִּיעַ ↗ original

קְטִיף (קְטַף) [the movement of the grape-cutter,] cut. Koheleth Rabbah to 10, 2 מחמי ליה ק׳ מן הדין גיסא showed him (with his hand) a cut from that (left)side (threatening punishment; variant reading in Matt. K. מחי וכ׳ he struck him a cutting blow with his hand).—[Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 9, see קְטַף I.] ↗ original

קְטִיפָא , plural קְטִיפֵי, see קְטוֹפָא. ↗ original

קְטִיפָה 1 (קָטַף) plucking. Pesachim 11ᵃ בשעת ק׳ while engaged in plucking (instead of cutting the ears for the ʿOmer with the sickle), see קִיטּוּף. ↗ original

*קְטִיפָה 2 (קָטַף; compare Arab.ḳaṭifath vestis externa incisis fimbris instructa) a sort of cloak with fringes. plural קְטִיפוֹת. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word קטף, quoted from a second version of Sifré (Midrash Sefer Vay’dabber), and explained as Arabic, corresponding to סָגוּס. ↗ original

קטיפריסות , see קָטָפְרֵיס ↗ original

קְטִיר (קְטַר 2) [knot,] conspiracy. Yevamoth 61ᵃ ק׳ קחזינא הכא I see here a conspiracy (a nomination achieved through bribery). ↗ original

קטירה , Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 4, 3 variant reading, see טִירָה ↗ original

קטיריקי , see קָטָאִדִיקִי ↗ original

קְטִיתָא , see קְטוּתָא ↗ original

קְטַל to cut. Sanhedrin 74ᵇ if a gentile says to a Jew, קְטוֹל אספסתא וכ׳ cut grass on the Sabbath and throw it to the cattle, or I shall kill thee, לִיקְטִיל ולא לִיקְטְלֵיה let him cut, that he (the gentile) may not kill him; שדי לנהרא ליקטליה ולא ליקטול but if he says to him, (cut grass and) throw it into the river, let him (the gentile) kill him, but he must not cut, because the gentile’s intention is merely to make him commit a sin; Yevamoth 121ᵇ. Shabbath 95ᵃ רבך קָטֵיל … הוה thy teacher must have been a cutter of reeds in the marsh (an ignorant man); Sanhedrin 33ᵃ אטו אנן קַטְלֵי וכ׳ are we reed-cutters?; and elsewhere to kill. Targum Genesis 5, 8. Targum Exodus 4, 23, and the following; and frequently—participle passive קְטִיל, קְטִילָא; feminine קְטִילָא; plural קְטִילִין, קְטִילַיָּא; קְטִילָן. Targum 2 Samuel 23, 8. Targum Proverbs 7, 26; and frequently—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 4 אריא קטילא קְטִילַת thou hast killed a dead lion; Sanhedrin 96ᵇ עמא ק׳ קַטְלַת thou hast killed a dead people, see טְחַן. the same place (ibid.) 74ᵃ אמר … זיל קַטְלֵיה … ואי לא קַטְלִינָא לן the governor of my place told me, go and kill that man, or I shall kill thee; א"ל לִיקְטְלוּךְ ולא תִיקְטוֹל וכ׳ said he (Raba) to him, let them kill thee, but do thou not kill; who tells thee that thy blood is redder etc.? Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 1 (explained טרף, Genesis 8, 11) קטיל וכ׳ killed, as we read (Genesis 37, 33) ṭarof etc.; אמר לה אילו לא קְטַלְתִּינֵיה וכ׳ he (Noah) said to her (the dove), hadst thou not killed it, it would have become a big tree; Vayikra Rabbah section 31 אילו לא קְטַלְתֵּיה; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 59; (Bereshith Rabbah section 33 אילו שבקתה); and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל קַטֵּיל same, to Kill. Targum Exodus 17, 3. Targum 2 Kings 17, 26; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵃ והוון רומים … ומְקַטְּלִין לון the Romans came and massacred them (the inhabitants); and elsewhere Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְטִיל, אִיקְּטִיל to be killed, put to death. Targum Exodus 21, 15. Targum Proverbs 22, 13; and frequently—Kethuboth 35ᵇ אע"ג דמִיקְּטִיל משלם although he is to be put to death, he must pay damages; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְטָלָא (the preceding) killing, death-penalty. Targum Leviticus 20, 9; 11 (O. edition Berlin edition קַטְּ׳). Targum Proverbs 24, 11; and elsewhere—Sanhedrin 11ᵃ שמעון … לחרבא וחברוהי לק׳ Simon and Yishmael are destined to fall by the sword, and their colleagues to be executed. Avoth 1, 13 ק׳ חייב deserves death. Sanhedrin 73ᵇ מסרה נפשה לק׳ she was prepared to die (resisting her assailant). the same place (ibid.) 78ᵇ בר ק׳ הוא … קְטָלֵיה במאי he was guilty of a capital crime, but Moses did not know in what manner he was to be executed. the same place (ibid.) 79ᵇ אי בר ק׳ הוא וכ׳ if he is to be put to death etc. Kethuboth 35ᵃ האי בק׳ כתיב this (makkeh, Leviticus 24, 2 ↗ original

קַטְלָא (catella) chain, necklace. Kelim 11, 8 ק׳ שחוליות שלה וכ׳ a chain the links of which are of metal and strung on a linen or a woolen thread. the same place (ibid.) שירי ק׳ וכ׳ the fragments of a necklace (in order to be susceptible of levitical uncleanness) must be large enough etc. Meïl. 5, 1. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 1, 9; and frequently—plural קַטְלָאוֹת, קַטְלָיוֹת. the same place (ibid.) 13; Kelim the passage cited Avodah Zarah 1, 8 (19ᵇ) אין עושין … קוטלאות וכ׳ (omitted in Yerushalmi (prefix) edition) you must not manufacture jewelry for idols: necklaces etc.; and elsewhere—Bereshith Rabbah section 98 שירין וקַטְלִין וכ׳ chains, necklaces etc. ↗ original

קַטְלָא ² —plural קַטְלָאִין, קטְלַיָּא, קַטְלִין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 49, 22 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 קָטִילִין). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 31, 50; and elsewhere ↗ original

קטלא , Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 848 ק׳ דימא, see קָלִיט ↗ original

קַטְלָה , see קַטְלָא Hebrew ↗ original

קַטְלוֹזָא (קטלז, enlargement of קטל) [chopping place,] counter for retail sale of provisions etc., opposite to אוצר, הפתק etc. Avodah Zarah 40ᵇ יין תפוחים … הנמכר בק׳ וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קַטְלֵיזָא) apple wine of gentiles … which is sold over the counter is forbidden, because they mix it with wine; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4 (5), 12 בקטלזון בשוק הרי זה אסור … edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (edition incorr.) at retail, in the market. [Avodah Zarah the passage cited הנמכרין בק׳ לפני חנוני, read as Tosefta the passage cited: בסלולה.] Tosefta Bava Bathra 5, 4, see פִּיקְטְנִי. Tosefta Bava Metzia 6, 13 המוכר … כדרך שמעמיד בקטלזון edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בקַטְלוֹזִין, בקוּטְלֵזִין, plural) if one sells his neighbor wine or oil to be delivered during the whole year (taking payment in advance), he must charge him as he would charge at retail (being paid as he delivers; otherwise it would be usury). ↗ original

קַטְלֵיזָא , see the preceding ↗ original

קטליקוס , see קָתוֹלִיקוֹס ↗ original

קַטְלִית (קטל) [club-shaped,] the thigh with the kneepan. Oholoth 1, 8 שלשה בק׳ there are three limbs in the ḳaṭlith ↗ original

קָטָלֶפְטָא (κατὰ λεπτά) piece by piece, in small quantities. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 (העיר) Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see לוּקְטָא. ↗ original

קָטַם 1 (compare גדם) to cut, chop, lop. Shevi'ith 2, 4 וקוֹטְמִין אותן and trim them; [other opinion, see קָטַם 2]. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵇ bottom of the page הקוֹטְמָהּ he that clips it (the wing-feather); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 9 (10), 20; Babylonian Shabbath 74ᵇ הקוֹטְמוֹ. Betzah 33ᵇ לא יִקְטְמֶנּוּ … ואם קְטָמוֹ וכ׳ one must not nip it in order to smell at it, but if one did etc.; and frequently—participle passive קָטוּם; feminine קְטוּמָה; plural קְטוּמִים etc. Sukkah 3, 4 שנים ק׳ ואחד אינו ק׳ if two (of the three myrtle sprigs) are broken on the top, and one is not. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 53ᶜ bottom of the page ק׳ הדר even if the point is broken off, it may still be called hadar (beautiful); the same place (ibid.)ᵈ top ק׳ הדור; and elsewhere Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיטֵּם same. Tosefta Bava Kamma 2, 1, see קִרְטֵם Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְטָם to be lopped, nipped. Sukkah 3, 1 נ׳ ראשו if its top is broken off; the same place (ibid.) 2; 3; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְטַם 1 same, to break off, pluck.—participle passive קְטִים. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 8, 11 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition לקיט; Hebrew text טרף). to crumble, crush.—Denom. קְטַם 3. ↗ original

קָטַם 2 (denominative of קְטַם 3) to cover with ashes or powder. Shevi'ith 2, 4 קוֹטְמִין אותן you may cover them with powder (see אָבַק); [other opinion, see קָטַם I.]—Esp. to cover embers with ashes on which to put dishes to be kept warm for the Sabbath. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 3, beginning 5ᶜ הקוֹטֵם עד שיִקְטוֹם וכ׳ he that covers must not put dishes on until he has sufficiently covered (choked the flame). the same place (ibid.); Babylonian Shabbath 37ᵃ קְטָמָהּ, see לָבָה; and elsewhere—participle passive קָטוּם; feminine קְטוּמָה etc. the same place (ibid.) Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, (2) 3 אחת גרופה וק׳ one part of the double store being swept or covered. the same place (ibid.) 2 הרי הן כק׳ they are considered as if they were covered; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְטַם 2 Tamid 29ᵇ משום דקָטְמֵי version of Ḳorban Ahăron and of Rabad to Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Parah 4, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 6 (edition דקטרי) because these kinds of wood cover up the flames with their ashes. ↗ original

קְטַם 3 (קְטַם 1, 2) ashes, powder. Targum Genesis 18, 27. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 9, 8 ק׳ דקיק (Hebrew text פיח). Targum Leviticus 1, 16 (Hebrew text דשן); and frequently—Chullin 51ᵇ ק׳ נהילא (fem.), see נְהַל. Berachoth 28ᵃ, see חַצְבָּא; and frequently—[Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 12 קיטמא כולה edition Buber edition, see קוּפְסָא.]—[Targum Zechariah 6, 3 קטמין Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קִטְמָנָא.] ↗ original

קִטְמָא (קְטַם 1, 1) that which is lopped; (euphem.) בית ק׳ (compare גְּזֵירְתָא) membrum virile. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 25, 11 בית קִיטְמֵיה (not קיטמי; Hebrew text מבשיו). ↗ original

קטמוס , Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵃ bottom of the page, read: הטוֹמוֹס or קִינְסוֹס. ↗ original

קִטְמִית (see קְטַם 3) powdered earth.—plural קִטְמִיּוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 90 נתן בהם עפר וק׳ וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קוּטְמִיּוֹת) he put in them (the grain stores) dust and powder, things which preserve the fruits (compare חוּמְטוֹן); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 148 קמאיות (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קִטְמָנָא (קְטַם 3) ash-colored. — plural קִטְמָנִין, קִי׳. Targum Zechariah 6, 83 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קטמין, correct accordingly; Hebrew text אמצים). ↗ original

קטן , Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 124, ק׳ השמן, read: קִיתוֹן. ↗ original

קֹטֶן , see קוֹטֶן ↗ original

קָטֹן (Biblical Hebrew) to be short, small, inferior. Bereshith Rabbah section 76 (explained קטנתי, Genesis 32, 11) איני כדאי … כדאי אני אכל קָטֹנְתִּי מכל וכ׳ I am not deserving (of any of the mercies etc.); R. L. says, I am deserving, but I am too small for (unworthy of) all the mercies etc. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְטִין to make small; to subordinate. Bava Bathra 90ᵇ מַקְטִינֵי איפה those who make the Ephah (measure) small (Amos 8, 5). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, 24ᵇ Samuel was surnamed ‘the small’, לפי שהוא מַקְטִין את עצמו because he made himself small (bore himself humbly). Bereshith Rabbah section 37 (play on יקטן, Genesis 10, 25) מקטין את עסקיו made his affairs small (was contented with subordinate services); מקטין את עצמו ואת עסקיו subordinated himself and his affairs, see צָעַר. Megillah 11ᵃ, see קַטְנוּת; and elsewhere to grow smaller, be narrower. Vayikra Rabbah section 31 מַקְטִינוֹת, see רָחב; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Ḳumi, p. 145ᵃ; the same place (ibid.) 145ᵇ מקיטנות (correct accordingly). Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּקְטָן to shrink. Sanhedrin 81ᵇ עד שיוּקְטָן, see מַעְיָן. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַטֵּן to be reduced, become less. Tosefta Sotah 15, 5 variant reading משמת … נִתְקַטְּנָה חסידות וכ׳ when Abba José ben Ḳiṭnith died, piety became rare in Israel; see קִיטּוּנְתָּא. ↗ original

קָטָן the preceding) small, young; inferior. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 4, beginning 29ᵃ. Avoth 4, 19, and frequently שמואל הק׳ Samuel the junior; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, 24ᵇ, see the preceding Yevamoth 2, 8 הק׳ a younger brother. Bereshith Rabbah section 37 ומה אם הק׳ שהוא מקטין וכ׳ if an inferior person that is contented with a subordinate position (see the preceding) is thus rewarded, how much more a great man etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 93 קְטַנָּן של שבטים one of the youngest of the tribes; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 152 (not קטנו); Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 762; and frequently—Esp. minor, a boy under thirteen, a girl under twelve years. Gittin 65ᵃ שלש מדות בק׳ וכ׳ there are three legal stages of a minor: when he throws away a pebble etc., see צְרוֹר 2; וכנגדן בק׳ מתקדשת וכ׳ and in the corresponding stage a girl may be betrothed subject to protest (מִיאוּן). the same place (ibid.) 2, 6 קבל הק׳ והגדיל if he received a letter of divorce (as a carrier) while he was a minor, and reached majority before delivery. Berachoth 47ᵇ; and frequently—Sotah 22ᵃ (among those who are a ruin to the world) ק׳ שלא כלו לו וכ׳ a child whose months are not complete (a prematurely born child), explained the same place (ibid.) ‘a student who disregards his teacher’, or ‘a student who constitutes himself a teacher before regular ordination.’—plural קְטַנִּים; קְטַנּוֹת. Tosefta Sanhedrin 13, 1 קטנים בני רשעי ארץ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קְטַנֵּי) children of the wicked of the land that died in childhood; Sanhedrin 110ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, end, 35ᶜ ק׳ ישראל children of Israelites (that died); ק׳ גוים of gentiles. Kethuboth 2, 3 ק׳ היינו we were minors (when we signed as witnesses). the same place (ibid.) 7, 9 מומין הק׳ minor physical blemishes. Sotah 48ᵇ ק׳ אמנה, see אֲמָנָה. the same place (ibid.) 49ᵇ מק׳ חסידים of the youngest (last) of the pious men (see next word); and frequently—Euphem. קְטַנִּים (supply (understood word) נקבים) the minor functions of the body, urinating. Berachoth 23ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original

קַטְנוּת (the preceding) youth; inferior position. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joh. 1) אוי … שבקַטְנוּתוֹ וכ׳ woe to the king who succeeded when he was young but failed in his old age. Megillah 11ᵃ (referring to הקטן, I Samuel 17, 14) כשם שבקטנותו הקטין וכ׳ as in his inferior position he (David) subordinated himself to one greater …, so when he was king etc.; and elsewhere humility, modesty. the same place (ibid.) הוא בקטנותו he was always the same as to his humility. (supply (understood word) אמנה) want of faith, pusillanimity. Sotah 48ᵇ (referring to Zechariah 4, 10) מי גרם … ק׳ שהיתה בהן שלא האמינו וכ׳ (not שהיה) what causes the table of the righteous in the hereafter to be contemptible? The pusillanimity that was in them, in that they had no faith in God; Yalkut Shimoni Zechariah 571. the thinner end, tail-end (compare קוֹטֶן). Sotah 9, 15 (49ᵃ) Abba José was surnamed קטונתא, שהיה קַטְנוּתָן של וכ׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition תמצותן; Babylonian edition קטנתא) because he was the tail-end (the last) of the pious men (see קָטֹן, Nithpa'el); (the same place (ibid.) 49ᵇ שהיה מקטני חסידים, see preceding word). ↗ original

קַטְנוּתָא , younger days. Gittin 29ᵇ הא דאבא דק׳ היא (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דקַטִּינוּתָא) this my father’s opinion dates from his early days. ↗ original

קְטַנְטִין (reduplic. of קטן) a subordinate officer, attendant of a magistrate. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 54, 3 ק׳ שהוא רודף לאדם וכ׳ edition Buber edition (other edition אחר חבירו, correct accordingly) if an attendant persecutes a man, he may complain against him to the lieutenant (hyparch), and if the lieutenant persecutes him, he may complain to the king; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 771 קְטַנְתָּן … קובל עליו לאפיקורוס וכ׳ (read: לאפיטרופוס) if an attendant …, he appeals to the proconsul etc. ↗ original

קִטְנֵי , see sub קִיטְ׳. ↗ original

קְטַנְתָּא , see קִיטּוּנְתָּא a. קַטְנוּת. ↗ original

קְטַנְתָּן , see קְטַנְטִין ↗ original

קָטַע (compare גָּדַע) to cut off, lop, mutilate. Bava Kamma 8, 1. the same place (ibid.) 7 האומר … קְטַע את ידי וכ׳ if one says to one’s neighbor, cut my hand off, he (who did so) is bound to pay damages. Avodah Zarah 1, 5 קוֹטֵעַ את וכ׳ one may cut off its toe and sell the cock to the idolater. the same place (ibid.) 10ᵇ יִקְטְעֶנָּה, see נוֹמִי; and frequently—participle passive קָטוּעַ. Niddah 64ᵇ; Kethuboth 10ᵇ דור ק׳, see דּוֹרְקְטִי. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיטֵּעַ same, also to cut through. Bava Kamma 83ᵇ יכול … מְקַטֵּעַ את ידו (Munich manuscript נְקַטֵּעַ) (from Exodus 21, 24) you might think, if a person cut a man’s hand off, one (we, the court) should cut his hand off. Tanchuma Ḥayé 3 מְקַטְּעִין ויוצאין וכ׳ they (the waters) cut through and come forth between the mountains.—participle pass. מְקוּטָּע; feminine מְקוּטַּעַת; pl. מְקוּטָּעִים, מְקוּטָּעִין; מְקוּטָּעוֹת lopped, defective. Pesikta Rabbati section 31 שהיו אצבעותיהם מק׳ their fingers were mutilated (bitten off).—חדשים מק׳ (or supply (understood word) חדשים) incomplete months, a fraction of the last month of pregnancy. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, beginning 60ᵃ, see סוּם I. Bechoroth 21ᵃ אינה יולדת למק׳ an animal does not give birth before the due number of months is completed; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַטֵּעַ, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַטֵּעַ to be cut off, crippled. Pesikta Rabbati the passage cited ונִתְקַטְּעוּ אצבעותינו our fingers were mutilated (by the handcuffs); Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 137; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 884. Taanith 21ᵃ רגלי … יִתְקַטְּעוּ may my feet that paid no regard to thy feet be crippled. ↗ original

קְטַע to cut off, break off. Targum 2 Chronicles 34, 4 (Hebrew text גדע). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 19, 5. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 13, 23. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 39, 3; and frequently—Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 (העיר) קְטַע קִטְעָךְ cut thy cut (garment, i.e. mind thy own business). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᶜ bottom of the page מִיקְטוֹעַ, see כֵּיסָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 75ᵇ bottom of the page, see דִּיבּוּרָא. the same place (ibid.) אין קַטְעוּן רישך וכ׳ and if they were to cut thy head off, do not listen to them; and frequently—participle passive קְטִיעַ; feminine קְטִיעָא; plural קְטִיעִין; קְטִיעָן. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 11, 32 דק׳ he that was crippled. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 21, 21 תרין יומין ק׳ two days incomplete (see the preceding). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 46, 29; and elsewhere—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Naḥămu, p. 125ᵇ, and elsewhere—ק׳ לישנא tongue-cut, stammerer, see פְּסִילּוֹסָא. to cut short, end. Bereshith Rabbah section 44; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 77, see מִלְכָי. to form cakes (see קְטַף). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 12, 39. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַטַּע same. Targum Job 16, 13 manuscript (edition Pe.; Hebrew text יפלח). Targum 2 Chronicles 2, 9; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 4, 62ᶜ bottom of the page, see בגומא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah the passage cited ולינן מְקַטְּעִין לון וכ׳ do we not break a portion of the Pentateuch (סִדְרָא) for their sake (divide the recitation of a Sidra among the school children)? Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 9, 41ᶜ (we say to him who vowed revenge, referring to Leviticus 19, 18) הוה מְקַטָּע … תחזור ותמחי לידיה he chopped meat, and the knife struck his hand, wilt thou again strike his hand?, i.e. if he did wrong, he hurt himself. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 12, beginning 13ᶜ, see פְּסִיפָּס. Betzah 25ᵇ מקטע רגליהון וכ׳, see חֲצוּבָא 2, a. נְטִיעָה. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְטַע to be cut, shortened. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 24, 61. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 8, 13.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, end, 21ᵇ ידיה … יִתְקַטְעוּן, see פְּשַׁט. ↗ original

קַטָּע , see קָיטּוּעָה ↗ original

קִטֵּעַ , see קִיטֵּעַ ↗ original

קִטְעָא (preceding article) cut, the garment under the tailor’s hand. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 (העיר), see קְטַע. ↗ original

קַטָּעָא , see קָטוֹעַ ↗ original

קָטַף to cut, break off, pluck. Echah Rabbah to 1, 12, see עוֹלֵלָה.—participle passive קָטוּף; feminine קְטוּפָה. Berachoth 47ᵃ; Tosefta Megillah 4 (3), 27, and elsewhere אמן ק׳, see below.—Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 29 עוללות קְטוּפִין premature (undeveloped) grapes. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְטָף, Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקטֵּף to be plucked, broken off. Tosefta the passage cited העונה אמן … קטופה יִקָּטְפוּ שנותיו he who pronounces a broken Amen (see אָמֵן 2), his years shall be broken off; Berachoth the passage cited יִתְקַטְּפוּ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, end, 12ᶜ תִּקָּטֵף נשמתו his soul shall be plucked off (he shall die before his time). Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיטֵּף same. Esther Rabbah to 1, 9, see עוֹלֵלָה.—Esp. ק׳ בעוללות [to do plucking among the small single bunches,] to initiate persecution with attempts to destroy the young generation. Bereshith Rabbah section 42 הראשון התחיל מְקַטֵּף בע׳ וכ׳ the first enemy began with breaking off the young bunches, the second with thinning the clusters (see וִּנֵּב) etc.; Vayikra Rabbah section 11; Ruth Rabbah introduction (ושם האיש).—Niddah 66ᵇ בנתר משום דמקטף she must not wash her head with natron, because it plucks (uproots) the weakly rooted hairs (which left on the head prevent the water from immediate contact with the body; see חוּץ I); and frequently—Transferred (of fire) to creep along the ground of a field, opposite קָדַח. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 6, 5ᶜ top במְקַטֶּפֶת (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 61ᵃ בנכפפת), see קָדַח. to tear in pieces a lump of dough to form cakes, for which purpose the kneader moistens his hands with water, oil etc.; hence: to form dough and smoothen its surface. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 2, end, 29ᶜ אין לשין … אבל מְקַטְּפִין וכ׳ you must not knead unleavened bread (for the Passover night) with liquors (juice of fruit, oil etc.) but you may form it with liquors; Babylonian Pesachim 36ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) את שלשין בו מקטפין בו only such liquid as may be used for kneading, should be used for forming. the same place (ibid.) 42ᵃ אחד שמְקַטֶּפֶת וכ׳ one vessel in which she dips her hand when forming the cakes, and another etc.; and elsewhere—participle passive מְקוּטָּף; feminine מְקוּטֶּפֶת etc. broken off, nipped Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 73, 4 האשה … אחת מק׳ ואחת מעוכה edition Buber edition (edition מעוסה, correct accordingly) when a woman spins a yarn, once a thread is broken (and must be knotted), and once it is rubbed off (crumbled, too thin). Bereshith Rabbah section 99 יצא … ואזניו מק׳ Reuben came forth with his ears clipped (his pride humbled); (commentary or commentaries: his ears hanging down like a nipped plant, i.e. saddened). ↗ original

קְטַף 1 Targum Onkelos Leviticus 25, 11 (Yerushalmi (prefix) Pa'el; Hebrew text בצר). Targum Deuteronomy 23, 26. Targum I Samuel 2, 31 (Hebrew text גדע). Targum Ezekiel 5, 11 (Hebrew text !גרע); and frequently—Echah Rabbah to 1, 22 קַטֵּיף … דקְטַפְתְּ וכ׳, see עוֹלְלָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 3, end, 45ᵇ דאינון קָטְפִין בתר קדימתא וכ׳ (not קדמיתא) they cut the grapes after the first east wind after Succoth; and frequently—participle passive קְטִיף. Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 9 כדון נחירך ק׳ וכ׳ now that thy nose is nipped (hanging down like a faded plant), thy ear heavy of hearing etc. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַטֵּיף same. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 25, 11; and elsewhere—Echah Rabbah the passage cited, see above.—2) same. to break off, interrupt. Avodah Zarah 72ᵇ דקא מְקַטֵּיף קַטּוּפֵי (Rashi דמפסוקי פסוקי, read דמפסיק) he breaks off (the connection of the flow, withdraws the pouring vessel before the jet reaches the vessel into which the wine is poured). the same place (ibid.) קַטְּפוּ קטופי (not קטפי; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) קטיפתו) interrupt you the flow! Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְטֵיף to be broken off, lopped, mutilated. Targum Isaiah 46, 1, and the following (Hebrew text קרס). Targum Jeremiah 48, 25 (Hebrew text נגדע); and frequently ↗ original

קְטָף (the preceding) [incision,] resin gained by tapping, balsam; עץ הק׳ (or supply (understood word) עץ) balsam-tree. Shevi'ith 7, 6 אין לק׳ וכ׳ the law of the Sabbatical year does not apply to the balsam tree; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 12 יש לק׳ שביעית (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) לקט בש׳, correct accordingly) the law does apply; Yerushalmi (prefix) Orlah 1, 61ᵇ bottom of the page Niddah 8ᵇ קְטָפוֹ זה פריו its resin is its fruit. Kerithoth 6ᵃ הצרי … מעצי ק׳ tsŏri is the sap that drips from resinous trees. Bereshith Rabbah section 91, see בַּלְסָם; and frequently ↗ original

קְטַף 2 Targum Genesis 37, 25. the same place (ibid.) 43, 11 (Yerushalmi (prefix) קָטָף). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 30, 34 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 edition Vienna edition קְטַב, correct accordingly; Hebrew text נטף); and elsewhere—Avodah Zarah 35ᵇ ק׳ דגוזא, see גַּוָּוזָא I; ק׳ דפירי the sap which flows out of incisions in fruits; Niddah 8ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ פירא resin is considered as fruit (see the preceding). Berachoth 48ᵃ מקִּטְפֵיה, see בּוּצִינָא; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְטַף 3 (קְטַף) plucking, cutting grapes, vintage. Targum Micah 7, 1 (edition Lagarde edition a. other קְטוֹף). Targum Leviticus 26, 5. Targum Jeremiah 48, 32; and elsewhere ↗ original

קטפורוס , see next word ↗ original

קָטָפוֹרַס (καταφοράς, according plural) downward strokes, in gen. blows, lashes. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 81ᵇ עשר ק׳ אתה לוקה וכ׳ thou art doomed to receive ten strokes,—they are the ten Egyptian plagues—, and to pay a fine etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 225. Vayikra Rabbah section 18 בו"ר נותן ק׳ וכ׳ a human authority decrees lashes, so does the Lord; Bamidbar Rabbah section 7 יש לו קטפירס (read: נותן קטפו׳). Shemoth Rabbah section 30 [read:] לוקה ק׳ (not לקח ה׳ ק׳) receives a certain number of strokes; and elsewhere the same place (ibid.) קטפורוס (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קטפירס , see the preceding ↗ original

קטפרטקיס , see קָטָפְרקְטוֹס ↗ original

קָטָפְרֵיס (καταφέρης) sloping downward; gutter (= Hebrew מדרון). Oholoth 3, 3 אם היה מקומו קטפריס edition Dehr. (edition רס …) if the place whereon he stood was sloping. the same place (ibid.) והיא ק׳ Mishnah edition (Babylonian edition והק׳, correct accordingly) and it (the sill) is sloping. Tohoroth 8, 8; and the following Gittin 78ᵇ היתה ידה … כק׳ if she held her hand (to receive the letter of divorce) like a gutter (sloping downward). Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 8, end, 25ᵇ כד הוות ק׳ מבפנים (not היה בר קטיפרס) when the trough slopes inward; and elsewhere—plural קָטָפְרִיסוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵃ top מי ק׳ הן וכ׳ (not קטיפ׳) they are gutter waters (and therefore) unfit for etc. ↗ original

קָטָפְרַס , see קָטָפוֹרַס ↗ original

קָטָפְרַקְטוֹס (κατάφρακτος, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Cataphracti) mailed in full armor (on horseback). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 9 יצא פרעה ק׳ (not קטפרטקיס) Pharaoh went forth in full armor, so, as it were, did the Lord (Isaiah 42, 13). ↗ original

קִטְקֵט , see קָטַט ↗ original

קָטַר 1 [to circle,] to rise in circles, to smoke. Kerithoth 6ᵇ דבר שקוֹטֵר ועולה וריחו וכ׳ (not שקיטר) something which circles and rises, and whose savor spreads. the same place (ibid.) מה לשון קטרת דבר שקוטר ועולה ḳ’ṭoreth means something which circles etc. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיטֵּר to offer incense (mostly with referring to idolatrous rites). Tosefta Sanhedrin 10, 2 אחד העובד … ואחד המְקַטֵּר וכ׳ whether one worships (an idol), or sacrifices, or offers incense etc.; Kerithoth 3ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) מקטר לשד וכ׳ who makes incense rise to a demon in order to exorcise him; Sanhedrin 65ᵃ. Berachoth 53ᵃ, see כֶּשֶׁף. Vayikra Rabbah section 7, see below; and frequently—participle pass. מְקוּטָּר; feminine מְקוּטֶּרֶת perfumed. Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 30 (play on קטורה) שהיתה מק׳ מכל וכ׳ she was (through her good deeds) more savory than all kinds of spices; Bereshith Rabbah section 61 שמק׳ מצות וכ׳ she was perfumed with godly deeds and good works (see קָטַר 2). Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְטִיר same (mostly with referring to the Lord). [Tosefta Sanhedrin 10, 3 והמקטיר, probably to be read: והמְקַטֵּיר.] Menachoth 110ᵃ (referring to Malachi 1, 11) אלו … כאילו מַקְטִירִין וכ׳ this refers to the students engaged in the Law; wherever it be, I account it to them as if they were offering incense and bringing sacrifices to my Name. Vayikra Rabbah section 7 (referring to מקטר קטרת, Exodus 30, 1) מִתְקַטֵּר בקטרת אין כתיב כאן אלא מְקטֵּר … המזבח היה מַקְטִיר וכ׳ it says not ‘being perfumed with incense’, but ‘perfuming with incense’, the altar gave forth incense of itself. Berachoth 7ᵃ פעם … לְהַקְטִיר קטרת וכ׳ once I entered to let incense rise in the Holy of Holies; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַטֵּר to be perfumed, see above. ↗ original

קְטַר see below. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְטַר to let incense rise. Targum Onkelos Exodus 30, 1. the same place (ibid.) 7 (Yerushalmi (prefix) some edition Pe.). Targum Onkelos the same place (ibid.) 40, 27; and elsewhere ↗ original

קָטַר 2 see the preceding) to wreathe, tie. Bereshith Rabbah section 61 (play on קטורה) קָטְרָה מצות וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition שמקוטרת, see קָטַר I) she wreathed (made a crown of) godly deeds etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 109; Yalkut Shimoni Chronicles 1073.—[Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited מן קטר, a grammatical gloss, see Yalkut Shimoni Genesis the passage cited, and Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word קטר 2.]—participle passive קָטוּר; feminine קְטוּרָה etc. Middoth 2, 5 (referring to קְטֻרוֹת, Ezekiel 46, 22) אין קְטוּרוֹת אלא שאינן מקורות ‘fenced in’ means that they were not roofed; Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 381. ↗ original

קְטַר ² , to tie. Targum Judges 15, 4. Targum Genesis 38, 28; and frequently—participle passive קְטִיר; feminine קְטִירָא, קְטִירַת etc. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) 22, 4 (edition Amsterdam edition קָטֵר, read: קָטִר). Targum Proverbs 22, 15; and frequently—Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 2 [read:] הן דאת קָטֵיר לולבך קְטֹר אלפך when thou tiest thy Lulab, tie thy ship; Bereshith Rabbah section 6, and elsewhere, see לוּלָבָא. Berachoth 16ᵃ, see גְּנוּנָא. Bechoroth 31ᵃ דאתו קטיר, see תַּכְתַּקָּא. Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 10 אייתון … וקַטְרוּ ברגלי get a rope and tie it to my feet. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 10, 26ᶜ top קטיר בגמי (not קטר) tied with reed-grass. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 4, 46ᵃ (we must not help captives to escape) מפני … דלא יהוון קַטְרִינוֹן this law is made for the benefit of the (remaining) captives, that they (the captors) may not chain them; and frequently—2) (see קָשַׁר) to gather, be covered. Berachoth 59ᵃ, see עֵיבָא a. עֲנָנָא. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַטֵּר same. participle passive מְקַטַּר, מְקַטְּרָא etc. Targum Ezekiel 46, 22 מְקַטְּרָן fenced in (see the preceding).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 6, 39ᵈ top חלבא מקטרא bound (curdled) milk, see קוֹם. ↗ original

קִטְרָא , see קִיטְרָא ↗ original

קַטְרֵב a cross-piece in front of yoked animals; [other opinion, see Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word: the pin fastening the ropes of the yokes to the pole]. Kelim 14, 4. the same place (ibid.) 21, 2. ↗ original

קְטַרְבָּא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 19, 2. ↗ original

קִטְרֵג (a transposed denominative of קָטֵיגוֹר) to denounce, bring charges; to incite anger against. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 5ᵇ top אין השטן מְקַטְרֵג וכ׳ Satan brings charges against man only in the hour of danger. the same place (ibid.) בשלשה … מצוי לקַטְרֵג on three occasions Satan is ready to bring charges; Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 2 (not למקטרוג). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, 20ᶜ bottom of the page קִיטְרְגוֹ, see יו"ד; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 11; Vayikra Rabbah section 19. Bereshith Rabbah section 49, end עמד הדיין … והמְקַטְרֵג הולך וכ׳ when the judge rises, the advocate is silenced, and the accuser goes to carry out his mission (of punishment). Esther Rabbah to 3, 8 כל מה שהיה המן מקטרג וכ׳ against every charge that Haman preferred against Israel here below, Michael spoke in their defence above. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 74 (referring to Isaiah 66, 6) ההיכל מקטרג (edition Buber edition) the destroyed Temple is the accuser; ומהו מק׳ וכ׳ and what does it say in the way of accusation? Hear the voice of the Lord etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 809; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַטְרֵג to be denounced. Esther Rabbah the passage cited אין בניך מִתְקַטְרְגִין וכ׳ thy children are denounced (by Haman) not for worshipping idols, nor for unchastity or bloodshed, but they are denounced only because they observe thy laws. ↗ original

קַטְרֵג Targum Job 37, 20 (Hebrew text יְבֻלָּע). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 29, 1. ↗ original

קִטְרוֹן (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a place Kitron (Judges 1, 30). Bereshith Rabbah section 87 end שמעון איש ק׳ Simon of K.; Tanchuma edition Buber edition Naso 34. Megillah 6ᵃ ק׳ זו ציפורי K. is the modern Sepphoris; וק׳ … והא ק׳ וכ׳ can K. be Sepphoris? was not K. in Zebulun etc.? ↗ original

קִטְרוֹן ² (a contraction of centurio, κεντυρίων, see קיּנְטְרִינִים) commander of a century. Sifré Deuteronomy 309 אם היה ק׳ שגדול וכ׳ if it were a centurio who is more powerful than he (the buleutes) etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 942 קרטון (correct accordingly). Tosefta Sotah 15, 7 (two versions confounded, one having בעל זמורה, and the other קי׳), see זְמוֹרָה. Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 321 קרטון (correct accordingly). Tosefta Demai 6, 3 שוקל לאוצר שוקל לק׳ וכ׳ he that pays taxes to the (Roman) treasurer or to the Centurio, gives first the tithes and pays his taxes (on the remainder). Sifré Numbers 131, see פְּלוֹמוֹפִּילוֹן; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 631; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 178 (not קיטרין).—plural קִטְרוֹנִים. Pesikta Rabbati additamenta section 2 (edition Friedman p. 197ᵃ) הקנטורים (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קִטְּרוֹנִים (compare קִנְטֵר) a species of hard nuts. Pesikta Rabbati section 11; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 11 קַנְטְרָנִים; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 992 קטורנים (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קְטַרְזְיָא Ḳ’ṭarzia (?). Megillah 21ᵇ (Munich manuscript קטרזא a. קטריא; Rashi manuscript קַטְרִיזְיָא; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original

קִטְרָטוֹן , see קִיטְרָטוֹן ↗ original

קטריגון , Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 17, 3, edition Buber edition קטיריקי, read: קָטָדִיקִי. [The entire passage is corrupted, see edition Buber edition] ↗ original

קַטְרִיזְיָא , see קְטַרְזְיָא ↗ original

קטריטון Vayikra Rabbah section 15 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) קטרקון, see קְטִיקְטוֹן. ↗ original

קָטָרִיקִי Ḳaṭariḳi (?), surname of R. Yitsḥaḳ. Pesikta Rabbati section 14; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Parah, p. 39ᵃ (probably to be read קרטגיני, see Buber edition note 168). ↗ original

קטריקי , see קָטָאדִיקִי ↗ original

קטרקון , see קטריטון ↗ original

קָטָרַקְטִין (not טון …) masculine (καταράκτης, S.) a kind of sluice or trap-door. Bereshith Rabbah section 31 כמין ק׳ היה לו וכ׳ he (Noah in the ark) had a sort of trap-door, through which he shovelled etc., see פָּסַס; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 54 טרקלין (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קְטֹרֶת incense. Kerithoth 6ᵃ, see פִּיטּוּם. the same place (ibid.) 6ᵇ מה לשון ק׳, see קָטַר I. Shekalim 4, 5 מותר הק׳ the remaining supply of incense (in the Temple, not used during the year); and frequently ↗ original

קְטָרְתָּא Targum Ezekiel 8, 11 (edition Vilna edition קְטַרְ׳). Targum Exodus 30, 1 קְטֹרַת, קְטוֹרַת construct state (not רֶת …); and frequently—5. אַקְטַרְתָּא ↗ original

קִיא , see קוּא ↗ original

קיאות , Tosefta Terumoth 10, 2 variant reading, see קָאָת ↗ original

קִיאַטְרוֹן , plural קִיאַטְרוֹנִין (caconomy for תִּיאַטְרוֹן) theatres. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 28, 19. ↗ original

קֵיבָה , see קֵבָה ↗ original

קִיבּוּל (קָבַל 1) taking, catching. Sifré Numbers 129 (referring to Numbers 19, 18) אשר היו שם בשעת ק׳ טומאה ‘which had been there’ at the time of catching the uncleanness. receiving. Zevachim 5, 1 ק׳ דמן וכ׳ their blood must be received in a consecrated vessel (see שָׁרֵת). the same place (ibid.) 1, 4 (13ᵃ) הזבח נפסל … בק׳ וכ׳ the sacrifice becomes unfit through wrong intentions in one of four acts, in slaughtering, receiving (the blood) etc.; and frequently—כלי ק׳, בית ק׳ (or supply (understood word) כלי) a receptacle, opposite פָּשׁוּט. Betzah 2, 9 משום כלי ק׳ is susceptible of uncleanness, because it is a receptacle. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 6, 1, see פָּשׁוּט. Kelim 17, 16. Shabbath 84ᵃ; and frequently acceptance. Sifré Numbers 115; Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 750 פרשה שיש בה ק׳ מלכות שמים a Biblical section in which is expressed the acceptance of the divine kingdom. ↗ original

קִיבּוּלָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 19, 18 בעדן קבול סובתא (to be placed after דהוו תמן), see Sifré Numbers 129, quoted in the preceding ↗ original

קִיבּוֹלֶת (קָבַל 1) contract-labor, job. Moed Katan 11ᵇ היתה מלאכת אחרים בידו אע"פ שבק׳ וכ׳ if the mourner has work for others on hand, even if it be contract-labor, he must not work; (emended) בין ק׳ בין שאינה ק׳ whether it be contract-labor or not (whether he is paid for the job or by the day. the same place (ibid.) 12ᵃ מקבלי ק׳ בתוך וכ׳ if gentiles take labor on contract within the Sabbath limits (of the Jewish employer), it is forbidden to let them work on the Sabbath. the same place (ibid.); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 5 מקבלין ק׳ במועד וכ׳ you may contract during the festive week for work to be done after the festival. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 4ᵃ bottom of the page בין בשכיר בין בק׳ whether he is hired by the day or by the piece; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᵇ bottom of the page; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 3 אם היה שְׂכִיר קַבָּלוּת (not שכר) if he was hired by the piece. ↗ original

קִיבּוּץ (קָבַץ) gathering, reunion. Pesachim 88ᵃ, see גָּלוּת. Kethuboth 8ᵃ בק׳ בניה וכ׳ when her children shall be reunited in her midst (in Palestine); and elsewhere ↗ original

קִיבּוּרָא (קְבַר) [something arched,] coil. Bava Metzia 24ᵇ, see אֲזַל 2. Chullin 95ᵇ ק׳ בתכלתא a skein of blue wool.—plural קִיבּוּרֵי. Avodah Zarah 17ᵇ אייתו ליה תרי ק׳ וכ׳ they brought two coils before him and said to him, which is warp, and which is woof? cluster of fruit. Shabbath 156ᵇ פסקיה לק׳ בשיניה he severed a cluster of dates with his teeth. the same place (ibid.) 67ᵃ; Chullin 78ᵃ כמאן תלינן ק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Manuscript Hamburg (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 20; edition כובסא), see כְּבָסָא. Sanhedrin 26ᵇ ק׳ דאהיני a cluster of inferior dates. ↗ original

קיבוריא , Kethuboth 112ᵃ, see קִיבָר ↗ original

קִיבּוֹרִית , see next word ↗ original

קִיבּוֹרֶת (see קִיבּוּרָא) the elevation on the arm, biceps muscle. Menachoth 37ᵃ על ידך זו ק׳ ‘upon thy hand’ (Deuteronomy 6, 8) that means on the biceps muscle; Eruvin 95ᵇ; Arachin 19ᵇ קִיבּוֹרִית; Menachoth 37ᵇ (see גּוֹבַהּ); and elsewhere ↗ original

קִיבֵּילְתָּא , see קְבֵלְתָּא ↗ original

קִיבְלָא , see קִבְלָא.—[קִיבְלָאוֹת, see next word] ↗ original

קִיבְלַי a species of quails (שְׂלָו), partridge. Yoma 75ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 260, see כִּיכְלֵי. Sifra M’tsorʿa, Parah 1, Chaldaic (Aramaic) I הברורה שבמינה זו קיבלי Rabbenu Shimshon to Nega'im 14, 1 (some edition קובלי; edition Sifra קיפל, read קיפלי; Rabad to Sifra שכלי וקבלי) the chosen of its kind, that means the quail; [Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 559 ולקח זו קבלה?]—plural קִיבְלָאוֹת. Tosefta Nega'im 8, 3 (variant reading edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) מקובלאות, correct accordingly; see Rabbenu Shimshon to Nega'im the passage cited). ↗ original

קִיבְלְתָא , see קְבֵלְתָּא ↗ original

קִיבְעָא , see קִבְעָא ↗ original

קִיבָר (cibarium) the coarser meal which remains after the fine wheat flour, shorts. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵃ bottom of the page סאה ארבלית … סולת … קמח סאה וכ׳ one Arbelian S’ah of wheat yielded one S’ah pollen, one first flour, one cibarium etc. (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858³ 1, 66ᵇ); Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 17ᵇ; the same place (ibid.) 9, 24ᵇ bottom of the page (insert סאה סולת); Tanchuma T’tsavveh 13; Kethuboth 112ᵃ קיבוריא (read: קִיבָרְיָא cibaria); and elsewhere—פת ק׳ (panis cibarius) black bread. Makhshirin 2, 8 אוכלי פת ק׳ the class of eaters of black bread (slaves, poor men etc.). Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵇ bottom of the page פת ק׳, opposite פת נקייה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 4, beginning 59ᵈ נקי וק׳ (supply (understood word) פת) two women baking together, one white bread, and the other black bread. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 6 (referring to Jeremiah 37, 21 מחוץ האפים, changed to לאפים) מחוץ לאופים … זו פת ק׳ שנמכרת חוץ לפלטיר וכ׳ (not לפלטיא) ‘outside of the bakers’, … that is, common bread which is sold outside of the bakershops, and which is darker than the seconds of barley flour; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 982.—Transferred (see Lat. Dictionary under the word cibarius) common. Bereshith Rabbah section 48 (referring to חמאה וחלב, Genesis 18, 8) המעולה … הבינוני … והק׳ אחד ועשרים the uppermost (cream) is one sixtieth portion of a given quantity of milk, the middle (milk) is one fortieth, and the common (remainder) contains 5 percent. milk substance. ↗ original

קִיבְרָא , see קִבְרָא ↗ original

קֵיבְתָא , see קֵבְתָא ↗ original

קיד , Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 3, 11, see קוֹד ↗ original

קֵידָא , see יְקֵידָא ↗ original

קִידָּה , see קִדָּה ↗ original

קִידָה (קָדַד or קָדָה) bowing to the ground. Sukkah 53ᵃ נועץ שני … והיא ק׳ he pressed both his big toes against the floor and bowed and kissed the pavement …, and this is ḳidah. Megillah 22ᵇ and elsewhere ק׳ על אפים ḳidah means falling on the face (referring to I Kings 1, 31). the same place (ibid.) אחוי ק׳ וכ׳ showed the way of ḳidah …, and became lame; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᶜ bottom of the page הראה כריעה); and elsewhere ↗ original

קִידּוּם (קְדַם) early morning. Targum Proverbs 27, 14. east. Targum Genesis 25, 6. Targum Onkelos Numbers 34, 3; and frequently (with רוח, or supply (understood word) רוח) east-wind(Hebrew . Targum Genesis 41, 6. Targum Habakkuk 1, 9 (some edition כרוח קדים ק׳, strike out קדים); and frequently ↗ original

קידור , see קֵירוּד ↗ original

קִידּוּשׁ (קָדַשׁ) sanctification, especially ק׳ השם the sanctification of the Name (of the Lord, see קְדוּשָּׁה), loyalty to the Jewish faith, martyrdom. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵃ bottom of the page Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 87ᵃ. Devarim Rabbah section 2 (referring to Proverbs 24, 21) אמר לו דבר של ק׳ שמי וכ׳ (not קידש שמא) the Lord said to Solomon, a thing which concerns the sanctification of my name (the unity of God) dost thou express by a brief allusion? Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 4, 65ᶜ bottom of the page גדול הוא ק׳ השם מחילול השם a positive act of sanctification of the Name is superior to (supersedes) a law which is to prevent profanation of the Name; בחילול השם כתיב … ובק׳ השם מתחלת וכ׳ concerning the profanation of the Name it is written (Deuteronomy 21, 23), ‘thou shalt not suffer his body to remain (even) over night etc.’, but when the Name was to be sanctified (by an act of retributive justice), it is written (2 Samuel 21, 10), ‘from the beginning of the harvest etc.’; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᵈ (correct accordingly); and frequently—plural קִידּוּשִׁין laws of sanctity. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 2, 3ᵈ top למה סמך … לפרשת ק׳ why does the Biblical text join the chapter on sanctity (Leviticus 19) to that on incest (Leviticus 18)?; (Vayikra Rabbah section 24 לפרשת קְדוֹשִׁים, see קָדוֹשׁ). proclamation of sanctity; a) of the New Moon, seasons etc. (by the authorities). Tosefta Sanhedrin 2, 1 ק׳ החדש ועיבור וכ׳ the proclamation of the New Moon and the intercalation of a month require a court of three. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 18ᶜ top חבירים … לק׳ הח׳ dare untitled scholars (see חָבֵר) be admitted to sit on the proclamation of the New Moon?; and frequently—Bava Bathra 121ᵃ מועדי יי׳ צריכין ק׳ בית דין וכ׳ the festivals of the Lord require to be regulated by the proclamation of the court, but the weekly Sabbath does not. Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 3, 58ᵈ bottom of the page ק׳ ב"ד the official proclamation of the jubilee; and frequently—plural as ab. Shemoth Rabbah section 15 קִדּוּשֵׁי החדשים the proceedings at the proclamation of the New Moon.—b) proclamation of the sanctity of the day by special prayer, Ḳiddush. Pesachim 100ᵃ מפסיקין לק׳ when the Sabbath or Holy Day begins, we must interrupt a meal to recite Ḳiddush. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ ידי ק׳ יצאו they (that heard the Ḳiddush at synagogue) have complied with the duty of ushering the Sabbath in with Ḳiddush. the same place (ibid.) 105ᵃ and the following אם אין לו … ק׳ היום מפני שק׳ היום וכ׳ he who has only one cup of wine, recites over it the Ḳiddush of the day, because the sanctification of the day takes precedence of honoring the day (by grace after meal with wine). Megillah 27ᵇ מכרה … והביאה לי ק׳ היום sold the bonnet on her head and procured for me the wine for the Ḳiddush of the day; and frequently washing hands and feet prior to a priestly function. Zevachim 19ᵇ כיצד מצות ק׳ how is the act of washing done? the same place (ibid.) לינה מועלת ק׳ וכ׳ the intervention of the night has an effect on the sanctification of hands and feet, makes a renewed washing of hands and feet necessary. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ שני the second sanctification (immediately before approaching the altar); Yoma 32ᵇ; and frequently—plural as ab. the same place (ibid.) 3, 3. the same place (ibid.) 32ᵇ; and elsewhere (of mixed seeds) condemnation (see קָדַשׁPi'el 7). Yevamoth 83ᵃ putting ashes in the water of lustration; the ashes put in. the same place (ibid.) 42ᵃ bottom of the page אסיפת אפרה … וק׳ (not לק׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 50) the collecting of its ashes, the drawing of water and the putting in of the ashes; the same place (ibid.)ᵇ Parah 6, 1 ונפל הק׳ וכ׳ and ashes fell on his hand. the same place (ibid.) 2. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6 (5), 1 עוסק עם הק׳ is engaged in the act of ḳiddush. the same place (ibid.) 3 צריך ק׳ שני requires an additional putting in of ashes; and frequently—plural as ab. the same place (ibid.) 5; and elsewhere betrothal. Mechilta Mishpatim section 3 ק׳ אחר ק׳ וכ׳ the father of a minor has the authority to give her away in marriage a second time etc., see אַמְהוּת; אבל לא אמהות אחר ק׳ but he cannot hire her out after having once given her away. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 2, 62ᶜ top נכללין בק׳ … בשלשה קידושין they (the three objects he gave her, when he said, ‘be betrothed with this, and this and this’) are combined to form one act of betrothal (which is valid, if the three objects combined have the legally prescribed value), and are separated (if he said, ‘be betrothed with this, with this, with this’) to form three acts of betrothal (and one of the objects at least must have the legal value); and frequently—plural as ab. the same place (ibid.)—Esp. ḳiddushin, the act of betrothal, legal and legitimate marriage (connubium). Kiddushin 4, 9 קִידּוּשֶׁיהָ ק׳ her acceptance of the betrothal is a valid marriage; קִדּוּשָׁיו ק׳ his (the authorized messenger’s) acceptance is valid. the same place (ibid.) 3, 12 כל מקום שיש ק׳ ואין עברה וכ׳ wherever a betrothal is valid (where there is connubium), and no sin is connected with it, the issue follows the legal status of the male parent; וכל מקום שיש ק׳ ויש עברה וכ׳ but where the betrothal, if performed, is valid but sin is connected therewith, the issue has the status of the inferior parent, for example a widow married to a high priest. the same place (ibid.) כל מי שאין לה עליו ק׳ אבל יש לה על אחרים ק׳ וכ׳ in a case where a marriage cannot take place with that special person (on account of consanguinity etc.), but may take place with others, the issue is a bastard (מַמְזֵר); וכל מי שאין לה לא עליו … ק׳ וכ׳ where a marriage cannot take place either with that special person or with other Israelites (she having no right of connubium), the issue follows the status of the mother. Yevamoth 10ᵇ, and frequently אין ק׳ תופסין וכ׳ betrothal takes no effect in the case of etc. Kiddushin 60ᵇ, and frequently קִידּוּשֵׁי ודאי an undisputed betrothal; קידושי ספק a legally doubtful betrothal; and frequently—Transferred קִידּוּשִׁים, קִידּוּשִׁין, קִדּ׳ betrothal festivities, contradistinguished to wedding festivities. Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 ועשה לה ק׳ גדולים and arranged for her sake large festivities; the same place (ibid.) (referring to Exodus 20, 18) ולא היו אלא ק׳ and these were merely the solemnities of (Israel’s) betrothal (referring to וקדשתם, the same place (ibid.) 19, 10); Pesikta Rabbati section 5; Tanchuma Naso 17.—Ḳiddushin, name of a treatise of the Mishnah, Tosefta, Talmud Babli and Y’rushalmi, of the Order of Nashim. Bava Bathra 52ᵇ (a reference to Tosefta Kiddushin 1, 5) תני רב … בק׳ דבי לוי Rab … taught from the treatise of Ḳiddushin of the school of Levi (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 1). ↗ original

קִידּוּשָׁא the washing of hands and feet. Targum 2 Chronicles 4, 6.—Yoma 32ᵃ ק׳ בתרא the last ablution of the high priest (after putting off the priestly garments); and elsewhere the prayer of Ḳiddush (see the preceding). Pesachim 101ᵃ בק׳ דהכא וכ׳ with the Ḳiddush that you hear here with me you will not have complied with the duty of etc. the same place (ibid.) 106ᵃ ק׳ רבה the large Ḳiddush (jestingly for ‘small’), i.e. the mere blessing over wine preceding the meal on the festive day, contradistinguished to the Ḳiddush on the festive eve. Megillah 27ᵇ לא הוה לי ק׳ וכ׳ I had no wine for Ḳiddush, so I pawned etc.; and frequently (see קְדוּשָּׁה) doxology, Ḳ’dushshah. Sotah 49ᵃ ק׳ דסדרא the Ḳ. recited after the lesson of the day (see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)).— token of betrothal, betrothal-gift. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 9, end, 7ᵃ מידמכא … אהן קי׳ דברתי when she was dying, she said, this is my daughter’s betrothal-gift (belongs to her); [probably to be read: קַדִּישָׁא or קָדָשָׁא ring]. ↗ original

קִידְרָא , see קִדְרָא ↗ original

קֵיהֶה , see קהֶה ↗ original

קִיהוֹת , see קִיחָה 2. ↗ original

קֵיוָא , plural קֵיוָן, see קַוָּא. ↗ original

קִיוָּאֵי (denominative of the preceding) weavers. Shabbath 113ᵃ כלי ק׳ וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קַוָּו׳) weavers’ implements as the upper beam etc. the same place (ibid.) 140ᵇ כְּלִי ק׳ a reed which the weavers use. ↗ original

קִיּוּהָא (קְהֵי) [that which blunts or loosens the teeth,] acid, acrid taste. Pesachim 74ᵇ and the following התם איתא לק׳ … ליתיה לק׳ וכ׳ there (in the case of stale vinegar) the acid of the fruit is present (in its natural condition), here (in vinegar which has once been used for drawing the blood from meat) the acid is no longer pure. Kethuboth 61ᵃ כל … ואית ליה ק׳ any food that has a penetrating savor or an acrid taste (is injurious to him in whose presence it is partaken of without his being permitted a taste of it). the same place (ibid.) 75ᵃ ק׳ דחמרא (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word משק: מקוה) wine that has turned sour. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 75, 9 יכול ק׳ lest you think, sour (stale) wine is meant; (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 813 דוחה, see דָּהָה). ↗ original

קִיוּוּי (קָוָה) hope, faith. Bereshith Rabbah section 98 הכל בק׳ יסורין בק׳ וכ׳ in every condition of life faith is a potent factor, sufferings are borne by faith, sanctification of the Name (martyrdom) rests on faith etc. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 736 (referring to Psalms 40, 2) אם אין ביד ישראל אלא הק׳ כדאי הן לגאולה בשכר הק׳ if Israel possess no merit except faith, it is worthy of redemption as a reward for its faith; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms the passage cited (correct accordingly). Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 241 (referring to Psalms the passage cited) מתוך הק׳ ויט אלי וכ׳ out of this hope it came to pass that he inclined to me etc.; Tanchuma edition Buber edition, Beshallach 12; the same place (ibid.) (referring to Psalms 27, 14) אם בא קִוּוּיְךָ יפה וכ׳ (not קויך) if what thou hast hoped for, comes to pass, it is well; if not, hope again; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִיוּוּיָה (קָוָה Hif.) addition to the capacity of a bath, increase. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 4, 43ᵃ bottom of the page שני מקוות … רצה להוציא ק׳ פסולה וכ׳ if there are two connected baths each containing twenty S’ah, and three Log of water (in vessels) fell into one of them, and it is unknown into which, you may take the illegitimate addition out of the one or the other, as you may desire etc. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ top אמר מה שלמטן ק׳ כשירה וכ׳ one may say, what is in the lower tank is a legitimate increase, and what is in the upper, is illegitimate etc. (see Tosefta Mikvaoth 3, 6). ↗ original

קִיוֵּוץ (קָוַץ) one with curled hair, opposite קרח bald-headed. Bereshith Rabbah section 65. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 3, 47ᶜ ק׳ לא יתרום וכ׳ a curly-headed person must not handle the Temple treasure on account of suspicion (that he may hide coins in his hair), see פִּסְפֵּס I.—plural קִיוְּוצִים, קִוְּו׳. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 796 מלך … כמה ק׳ כיוצא בו when a human king marches to the camp, how many are there, handsome like him, curly-haired like him!—[Sifré Deuteronomy 343, see קָווּץ.] ↗ original

קִיּוּם (קוּם) preservation; storage. Peah 1, 4 ומכניסו לק׳ and what one brings in for storage (not for immediate use); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 16ᶜ top of the page the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page דבר שאינו לק׳ a thing which is not intended or fit for storage. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 9ᵃ top; Babylonian Shabbath 68ᵃ. Avodah Zarah 74ᵇ זה מכניסו לק׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition בק׳) the one (vessel) one brings in for storage (to leave the wine there for some time) etc., see מוּכְנָס. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 2, 27ᵈ bottom of the page מקומו … שאינו רוצה בקִיּוּמוֹ the place where it grows is evidence that he does not want its preservation (to cultivate it). Yoma 45ᵃ אחת של ק׳ האש one pile for the purpose of keeping up the fire; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3 (2), 23 אחת לק׳ האש (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) לקיים, correct accordingly); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 41ᵈ bottom of the page מערכת קִיּוּמֵי אש (plural); and elsewhere basis, foundation. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵃ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) אילין פליגין על דרב ולית להון ק׳ (not דבר) these opinions conflict with Rab’s, and have no foundation; Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, end, 78ᶜ (law) substantiation, attestation, identification. Gittin 3ᵃ ק׳ שטרות the identification of signatures on documents (certification before court). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, beginning 44ᵃ כלום קִיּוּמוֹ של גט וכ׳ is there any other way of authenticating a letter of divorce than through the declarations of its signers? Bereshith Rabbah section 78 (referring to Esau’s declaration, Genesis 33, 9) אין ק׳ חגט וכ׳ there is no better attestation to the legality of a document than through its signers. Bava Metzia 21ᵃ עדי ק׳ signature of witnesses to the authentication before court. Bava Bathra 10, 6 ועושין לו ק׳ איש וכ׳ and the court makes out a certificate, This man’s document was effaced etc.; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 11, 8, and the following; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 10, 17ᶜ bottom of the page; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִיּוּם ² preservation, maintenance. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 12, 23. existence, being, duration. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, 20ᵇ top (explained לחי, I Samuel 25, 61) לק׳ (so may it be) for life; Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 23 לקיומו (correct accordingly). Koheleth Rabbah to 6, 3, see יְקוּם; Bereshith Rabbah section 32 קִיּוּמַיָּה (plural) living beings; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 56. substantiation, confirmation. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 3, 79ᵇ top מתניתא מינה קִיּוּמָהּ וכ׳ from the Mishnah we can derive the confirmation of this opinion and also its refutation. M. Mets. 20ᵇ לא משהי אינש קִיּוּמֵיה וכ׳ no man leaves a certified document of his with the scribe; (Munich manuscript a. other קִיּוּמֵי plural). oath. Targum Onkelos Numbers 30, 11 בקיום, Yerushalmi (prefix) בקיומא; Hebrew text בשבעה); and elsewhere—5. next word ↗ original

קִיּוּמְתָּא (the preceding) oath. Targum Onkelos Numbers 30, 14 קִיּוּמַת construct state (Yerushalmi (prefix) קִיּוּם); and elsewhere ↗ original

קִייֵּץ , see קִיוֵּוץ—[קיוצין, Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 2, 11, see קַיָּיץ.] ↗ original

קִיזַּאי (קְזַז) calculator, accountant. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 5, 20ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 14ᵇ bottom of the page פרוש ק׳ a book-keeping Pharisee, see קְזַז. (see נְקַז) bleeder. Sotah 22ᵇ פרוש ק׳, explained הּמקיז דם לכתלים, see נָקַז. ↗ original

קִיחָה (לָקַה) = לְקִיחָה, taking, acquiring. Yevamoth 97ᵃ (referring to Leviticus 20, 11-14) בכולן נאמר שכיבה וכאן נאמר ק׳ וכ׳ with reference to all of them the word ‘sleeping’ is used, but here (see 14) ‘taking’ is used, to intimate that the law punishes the marriage only (and not the sexual connection out of wedlock). the same place (ibid.) הכי נמי הנך ק׳ הוא וכ׳ do you really say with reference to these (see 17) that the law forbids only marriage? (Answer) ליקוחין … הראוי לק׳ ק׳ וכ׳ the verb laḳaḥ is used as a general term: where a regular marriage might have taken place (under other circumstances), the text prohibits marriage; where only sexual connection can be meant, the verb laḳaḥ has the meaning of shakhab. Kiddushin 2ᵃ, and elsewhere גמר ק׳ ק׳ וכ׳ we learn the mode of acquiring (לקח in Deuteronomy 22, 13) from the acquisition of the field of Ephron (Genesis 23, 13 קח); Chullin 82ᵃ; and frequently—plural קִיחוֹת. Yoma 3ᵇ בק׳ דעלמא וכ׳ in general cases where the text uses קח, …, but here (Exodus 30, 23) it says expressly קח לך (take unto thee, at thy own expense). [handle,] leather thong, loop. — plural as ab. Kelim 16, 4 התורמל … קִיחוֹתָיו (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קיה׳, variant reading קיח׳) the shepherd’s bag is susceptible of uncleanness, when one has made the rim, trimmed it, and attached the thongs with which to tie it up. the same place (ibid.) קִיחוֹתֶיהָ the thongs of the leather spread. ↗ original

קַיְטָא (קוּט to shrink, be hot) = Hebrew קַיִץ, heat, summer, ripening. Targum Onkelos Genesis 8, 22 (edition Berlin edition a. Yerushalmi (prefix) קִיְטָא). Targum Isaiah 28, 4. Targum Amos 3, 15; and frequently—Yoma 29ᵃ שילהי דק׳ וכ׳ the expiration of the summer is more trying than the summer itself. the same place (ibid.) אישתא … מדק׳ a fever in winter is severer than in summer. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵇ top, see סִתְוָא. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joh. 1), see טִיהֲרָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 49ᵃ top, see צַמְיָיא; and frequently sun-dried fruit, especially figs. Targum Amos 8, 1, and the following Targum Micah 7, 1 (usually דבילתא). ↗ original

קִיטָא (נְקַט) object held in the hand while making oath. Tosefta Sanhedrin 5, 1 בק׳ ובמקטייא, (not בקייטא); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, beginning 21ᵃ קִיטָה; see מִקְטַיָּא. ↗ original

קִיטָּאוֹת , see קִיטָּי ↗ original

קיטבלאות , see קָטָבוֹלְיָא ↗ original

קִיטָה , see קִיטָא ↗ original

קִיטּוּל (קְטַל) slaughter, massacre. Targum Isaiah 22, 5 (edition Vilna edition קְטוֹל). the same place (ibid.) 30, 25 (edition Vilna edition קְטוֹל). ↗ original

קִיטּוּם , see קִירְטוּם ↗ original

קִיטוֹן (κοιτών) bed-chamber. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 11, end, 30ᶜ, and elsewhere, see טְרִיקְלִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 9, 16ᵈ bottom of the page היתה חופתו בק׳ וכ׳ if his bridal chamber was in the bedroom (of his father’s house), and he (the father) made the wedding meal for him in the dining room. Bereshith Rabbah section 87. Shemoth Rabbah section 33 כל מקום … ק׳ אחד וכ׳ wherever you go, have a bedroom ready for me that I may dwell with you; and frequently—plural קִיטוֹנוֹת. Middoth 1, 6 four cells כק׳ פתוחות וכ׳ like bedrooms communicating with the dining room; Yoma 15ᵇ כקטוניות (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קִיטוֹן ² Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 43, 30. Targum Esther 1, 9; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, end, 25ᵈ ↗ original

קִיטוֹנִית (an adapt. of the preceding, as if frequently קָטֹן) small room, recess. Sukkah 3ᵃ ואיהי יתבה בק׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition ניות …, correct accordingly) she (the queen) sat in the recess (of the Succah) as a matter of decency.—plural קִיטוֹנִיּוֹת. the same place (ibid.) סוכה עשוייה ק׳ ק׳ a festive booth consisting of a group of small compartments.—[Yoma 15ᵇ, see קִיטוֹן Hebrew] ↗ original

קִיטּוּנְתָּא Ben-Ḳiṭṭunta, surname of one José (see קִטּוּנִית). Sotah 9, 15 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition 17; Sotah 49ᵃ) יוסי בן ק׳ Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Babylonian edition בן קטנתא, Mishnah edition יוסי קטנותא); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, end, 24ᶜ יוסי קטו׳; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 15, 5 אַבָּה יוסי … בן קיטנית (variant reading איש קטנתא). Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 3, 3ᵈ הוא יוסי הבבלי … הוא יוסי קטונתה José the Babylonian, J. b. Judah, and José Ḳiṭṭunta are one and the same person (compare Pesachim 113ᵇ). ↗ original

קִיטּוּעַ (קָטַצ) section. —plural קִיטּוּעִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 2, beginning 73ᵃ, see סֵירוּג. ↗ original

קִיטּוּף (קָטַף) plucking ears, opposite to קציר cutting. Sifra K’dosh. Parah 1, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 3, 17ᶜ לקט קצירך לא לקט ק׳ ‘the gleanings of thy harvest’ (Leviticus 19, 19), but not the gleanings of plucking. Pesachim 11ᵃ; Menachoth 68ᵃ מתוך … אלא ע"י ק׳ וכ׳ because you allow him to take of the new crop only by plucking (forbidding regular harvesting before the ‘Omer is cut), he will be mindful (that he dare not eat of the produce before the second day of Passover); and elsewhere forming and smoothing the surface of dough. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 3, 30ᵇ top גמרה … זה קִיטּוּפָהּ וכ׳ with the one woman her finishing means her kneading, with the next, her forming the cakes, with the third, her baking. ↗ original

קִיטּוּפָא (the preceding) plucking, sudden death. Targum Song of Songs 2, 12 קִטּוּף בוכריא death of the firstborn (Hebrew text הזמיר). ↗ original

קִיטוֹר 1 smoke. Menachoth 26ᵇ אין … מעלה ק׳ וכ׳ a kiln raises no smoke until the fire has seized the larger portion of the fuel. ↗ original

קִיטוֹר 2 Ḳiṭor, capital of Sheba. Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 (3). ↗ original

קִיטּוּר (קָטַר 1) offering incense. Sanhedrin 65ᵃ זיבוח וק׳ וכ׳ sacrificing (to the idol), offering incense etc. ↗ original

קִיטּוּרָא (קְטַר 2) wreathing, ק׳ בידי (= בי ידי) plaiting the sleeves of garments; (קְטַר 1) perfuming. Betzah 23ᵃ קי׳ שרי Munich manuscript (edition קט׳) ḳiṭṭura on the Holy Day is allowed; מאי ק׳ אי ק׳ בידי (Munich manuscript קִיטּוּרֵי, plural construct state) what ḳiṭṭura is meant? If plaiting be meant, (how can it be permitted,) is it not an artisan’s work? and if perfuming be meant, etc. Moed Katan 10ᵇ קִיטּוֵּרי בידי וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition בירי; manuscript Alfasi בי ידי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) plaiting sleeves during the festive week is forbidden. ↗ original

קִיטָּי (קָטָה) a curtain or sheet consisting of patches pieced together, rug. Tosefta Nega'im 5, 10 (variant reading edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) חיטי), see פְּסִיפָּס; Nega'im 11, 7 קיְיטָא (frequently קוּט; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קִטָּה).—plural קִיטָּאוֹת, קִיטָּיוֹת, קִטָּ׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 8, end, 25ᵇ שלטון … ותלו לו קט׳ a governor came to Sepphoris, and they suspended rugs in his honor (connecting the columns of a colonnade; compare Babylonian Eruvin 86ᵇ). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 1, 52ᵇ bottom of the page תלה בה קי׳ (not תולה) if one suspends rugs in the Succah (corresp. to סדין, Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 1, 3). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shor, p. 74ᵃ עמודים … מכורכין בק׳ marble columns (statuary) wrapped in sheets; Tanchuma Emor, edition Buber edition 8; Tanchuma edition 6 בקניות (correct accordingly); see טַפִּיטָּא. Ylamdenu to Numbers 15, 37, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ק׳ של בוץ וכ׳ byssus curtains, purple curtains. the same place (ibid.) פרט לפרסין ולק׳ excepting (from show fringes) curtains and sheets. Vayikra Rabbah section 5 (referring to Amos 6, 4) אלו ק׳ משופעות וכ׳ that means the overhanging rugs which each of them had (on their couches). ↗ original

קִיטַיָּא masculine plural = לְקִיטַיָּא, see לָקִיט I. Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word גרב (missing in edition); Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵃ קייטא (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קִיטִּין , Tosefta Maasroth 3, 14, see קוּטְנִית.—Tosefta Terumoth 3, 6, see קִיטֵּעַ. ↗ original

קיטליאקי , see next word ↗ original

קִיטְלִיזְקֵי (a corruption of κοιτωνίσκοι) small bed-chambers. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 8, 3, see גָּשִׁישׁ. ↗ original

קִיטְמָא , see sub קִטְמָ׳. ↗ original

קִיטְנֵי (see next article) pulse. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 15, 19. ↗ original

קִיטְנְיָיתָא , Kethuboth 61ᵇ, see קִיסְנְיָיתָא ↗ original

קִיטְנִית (קָטֹן) small fruit, pulse, beans, peas etc. Betzah 1, 8 הבורר ק׳ וכ׳ he that picks out (green) peas on the Holy Day. Bava Metzia 9, 8 תבואה … ק׳ ק׳ וכ׳ if a person rents a field for the purpose of planting grain (תבואה), he has no right to plant pulse, if for pulse, he may plant grain (Var: the reverse); and elsewhere—plural קִיטְנִיּוֹת, קִטְ׳. Betzah 1, 9. Tosefta Terumoth 10, 15; and frequently ↗ original

קִיטְנִית ² , בן ק׳ proper noun of a male person, see קִיטּוּנְתָּא ↗ original

קִיטֵּעַ (קָטַע) broken, crippled, stumped, paralyzed. Taanith 21ᵃ ק׳ בשתי וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition משתי) crippled on both legs. Yevamoth 102ᵇ; Shabbath 6, 8, see קַב 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 7, end, 31ᵈ ק׳ באחת מידיו mutilated on one hand; and frequently—plural קִיטְּעִים, קִיטְּעִין, קִטְּ׳. Bereshith Rabbah section 32 פרט למורטים ולק׳ excluding bald or mutilated birds. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 8, end, 6ᶜ מצווין … עבדים ק׳ וכ׳ Israelites are more earnestly commanded to sustain (from the public charity fund) crippled slaves than sound (Jews); Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 5, 30ᵃ מצווין … ק׳ אפי׳ וכ׳ (not מצויין, not קוט׳) Israelites are bound to sustain cripples, even if they be slaves.—Esp. (supply (understood word) שיבלים) קִיטְּעִים, קִיטְּעִין, contracted קִיטִּין tiny ears which escape the threshing sledge. Maasroth 1, 6 נוטל מן הק׳ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition הקוּטָּעִים = המְקוּטָּ׳) he may take (without tithing) of the tiny ears and from the sides of the pile. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 5, 51ᵈ התורם בלבו על הק׳ וכ׳ he that gives T’rumah, has in his mind also the unthreshed ears and those on the sides (as the quantity from which to separate the gift); Tosefta Terumoth 3, 6 על מה שבקיטין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading שבקוטין) the grain in the unthreshed ears.—Fem. קִיטַּעַת. Bava Kamma 78ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 7, 15 הגונב את הק׳ וכ׳ if one steals a stump-legged animal or a lame etc. ↗ original

קִיטְעָא , see קִטְעָא ↗ original

קִיטְפָא , see קְטַף 2, 3. ↗ original

קִיטְרָא (קְטַר 1) knot, band. — plural קִיטְרִין, קִיטְרֵי, קִטְ׳, קוּטְ׳. Targum 2 Esther 6, 10 קִ׳ חרציה וכ׳ (some edition קַ׳, see Daniel 5, 6) the knots of (the belt of) his loins were loosed, see קְטוֹר.—Chullin 51ᵇ, see אִיזְלָא. the same place (ibid.) 51ᵃ אי אית ביה ק׳ if the stick is knotty (has hard protuberances). Pesachim 74ᵃ שיעי ק׳ (Oxford manuscript קיטריה, Rashi קוטריה) the knots on the branch of a pomegranate tree are smooth. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 7, beginning 50ᶜ יחכמון … קִיטְרֵיהוֹן let the wine sellers identify their knots (made as seals, see חוֹתָם). Kethuboth 93ᵃ, and elsewhere חייתא דק׳, see חַיְיתָא 4; and frequently—Transferred a) bands, alliances. Targum Isaiah 7, 18 (?).—b) restrictions. Yevamoth 107ᵇ תרי ק׳ עבדו ביה they put him under two disadvantages. ↗ original

קִיטְרוֹן , see קִטְרוֹן ↗ original

קִיטְרָטוֹן (citratus, κιτρᾶτον, S.) a beverage flavored with citron. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 7, beginning 37ᵇ ק׳ שרי wine flavored with citron is permitted in the Sabbatical year. ↗ original

קָיָיא , see קָאיָא ↗ original

קִיּיוּם , see קִיּוּם, קִיּוּמָא. ↗ original

קַיָּיט (denominative of קַיְטָא) one that gathers and dries figs. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᶜ bottom of the page חמתיה חד ק׳ וכ׳ a fig-cutter saw a serpent run after him. ↗ original

קַיְיטָא 1 summer; fruits, see קַיְטָא. ↗ original

קַיְיטָא 2 (קוּט to cut) pieced sheet, see קִיטָּי. ↗ original

קייטא , Tosefta Sanhedrin 5, 1, see קִיטָא.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵃ לק׳, see קִיטַיָּא a. לָקִיט I. ↗ original

קַיְיטִינָאֵי (see קַיְטָא) summer onions, see קַטִּינָאֵי. ↗ original

קָיִים , participle of קוּם Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

קְיֵים (imperat. of קוּם, formed frequently קַיָּים) live! Targum Proverbs 7, 2 manuscript (edition חיה). ↗ original

קַיָּים (קוּם) existing, enduring, lasting; valid. Berachoth 32ᵃ מה … חי וק׳ … אף שבועתך ק׳ וכ׳ as thy great name lives and endures for ever and ever, so thy oath holds good for ever and ever; opposite בָּטֵל. Nedarim 62ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, 20ᵇ bottom of the page, and elsewhere, see מוֹנִיטָא. Nedarim 69ᵃ ק׳ ליכי ק׳ ליכי if the husband said twice, thy vow is valid (confirmed by me), opposite מופר. Gittin 88ᵃ ועדיין … ק׳ while those exiled under Jeconiah are yet alive; and frequently—plural קַיָּימִים, קַיָּימִין; קַיָּימוֹת; קַיָּמ׳. Bava Bathra 8, 5, and frequently דבריו ק׳ his words (testamentary dispositions) are valid, opposite לא אמר כלום. Shabbath 30ᵃ משה רבינו … וק׳ הם וכ׳ Moses, our teacher, has issued many decrees and introduced many institutions, and they endure for ever and ever; and frequently ↗ original

קַיָּים ² Targum Judges 8, 19. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 3, 22. Targum Joshua 3, 10. Targum Onkelos Genesis 24, 62. Targum I Samuel 2, 35 (edition Vilna edition קְיָ׳, correct accordingly); and frequently—Bava Bathra 160ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 9, 50ᶜ bottom of the page, see שָׁרִיר; and elsewhere—Bava Bathra 91ᵃ, see מָנוֹבַיְיתָא.—plural קַיָּימִין, קַיְּי׳, קַיָּימַיָּא, קַיָּמ׳. Targum Genesis 18, 14. Targum Deuteronomy 4, 4; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 2ᶜ top (explained קאמיא, Daniel 7, 16) קיימיא the standing (that do not sit down); Bereshith Rabbah section 65; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 115 קיָּימַיָּה; Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 340; Ruth Rabbah introduction (not קיימא); and elsewhere—5. קַיָּימָא. ↗ original

קְיָים (the preceding) [that which is established,] law, statute; covenant; oath, vow. Targum Psalms 99, 7. Targum Genesis 9, 9; 11. Targum Numbers 30, 3 (edition Amsterdam edition קְיַם; Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Vienna edition קַיָּם, correct accordingly); and frequently—plural קְיָמַיָּיא, קְיָימִין, קְיָמ׳. Targum Exodus 18, 16. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 27, 26; and frequently ↗ original

קַיָּימָא (see קיָּים) existence, duration, permanence (used in Hebr. dict.). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 4, 5ᶜ בן ק׳ a viable child. Chullin 12, 3 (referring to Deuteronomy 22, 6) מה אפרוחים בני ק׳ אף בצים בני ק׳ as ‘the young’ means having vitality, so ‘the eggs’ must have vitality (by hatching). Gittin 2, 3 (19ᵃ) דבר שהוא של ק׳ (variant reading רושם) any ink which lasts (see קוּם Hebrew); and frequently ↗ original

קַיֶּימֶת , see קַיָּים Hebrew ↗ original

קַיָּין (denominative of קָאָה, with referring to the effusion of semen) one having abnormally large testicles. Bechoroth 44ᵇ משובן זה הק׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קיק) m’shubban is the ḳayyan. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ בבצים (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בעל קיק) ḳ. refers to the testicles; see גְּרַבְתָּן. ↗ original

קַיְינָאֵי , see קֵינַי ↗ original

קייסטור , see קְוִיסְטוֹר ↗ original

קַיָּיף , see קַיָּף ↗ original

קַיִיץ , see קַיִץ ↗ original

קַיָּיץ (denominative of קַיִץ; see קַיָּיט) attendant of summer fruits, watchman, fruit-picker etc. Kiddushin 82ᵇ מימי … צבי ק׳ וכ׳ I have never seen a deer engaged in gathering fruits, a lion carrying loads etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, end, 66ᵈ ארי ק׳ (correct accordingly); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 15 variant reading edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.)—plural קַיָּיצִים, קַיָּיצִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, end, 8ᶜ ברועים ובק׳ in the case of shepherds and field-watchers (who are separated from communities assembling for prayer). Kelim 24, 15 של ק׳ leggings (or gloves) of fruit-pickers (see פְּרַקְלִימִין); Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 2, 11 קיוצין (correct accordingly). Kelim 26, 3. Mikvaoth 9, 7 מטפחת … של ק׳ the apron … of the fruit-pickers.—[ (denominative of קוֹץ) thorn-picker.—plural as ab. Kelim 24, 15; 26, 3; Mikvaoth the passage cited (according to Rabbenu Shimshon).] ↗ original

קייצאי , Targum Esther 5, 14, see קֵינַי ↗ original

קַיְיצוּתָא , see קִיצוּתָא ↗ original

קיכלי , see קִיבְלַי ↗ original

קִיל 1 (compare קוֹלָא I, a. כִּילָה) enclosure, compartment. Bereshith Rabbah section 31 הקילא עשר אמות וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition only עשר וכ׳) each compartment (in Noah’s ark) was ten by ten cubits; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 53 כל קיל וק׳ וכ׳. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ מכאן וק׳ מכאן one room on this, and one on the other side (of the aisle).—plural קִילִין. the same place (ibid.) ↗ original

קִיל 2 (see קְלַל) to be light.—participle קִיל; plural קִילֵי. Sanhedrin 46ᵇ, see קַלִּיל 2. Gittin 35ᵃ בשני דרב ק׳ נדרי in Rab’s days vows were lightly treated. to be lenient. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 12, 13ᵈ top קָלַת וחמרת (perh. קַלַּת frequently קְלַל) thou art more lenient in one respect and more strict in another. the same place (ibid.) קלת על דרבנן thou art more lenient than the Rabbis. Af'el הִפְעִיל אָקֵיל to make light of, treat with contempt. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 21, 23.—to insult, curse. Targum Onkelos Exodus 22, 27 תַקִּיל edition Berlin edition (other edition תְקִיל; Yerushalmi (prefix) תְקִילוּן).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 1, 22ᵃ top מאן דידע בנפשיה דלא א׳ לבר וכ׳ he who is sure of himself that he never insulted a man, may cross etc.—3) to be lenient, lax. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 7, 50ᶜ bottom of the page חמתון מְקִילִין (not מקילון), see חֲמַר I.—5. קְלַל. ↗ original

קִילָא 1 , see קִיל I ↗ original

קִילָא 2 (compare קִיל I, a. קוֹלִית) hollow stick, especially the stem of a withered young palm (cabbage-tree). Vayikra Rabbah section 15; Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1056 (not קילה), see קוֹרָא 2; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22 קולתא, read: קִילְתָא. ↗ original

קִילָּארִין , see קִילָּרִין ↗ original

קילבון , Bechoroth 50ᵃ, see קוֹלְבּוֹן ↗ original

קִילְבָן , see קוֹלְבָן ↗ original

קִילְוָון , see קִלְוָואן ↗ original

קילווני׳ , see קְלִוְוסִין ↗ original

קִילּוּחַ (קָלַח) spouting forth, continuous flow, jet. Chullin 36ᵃ דם ק׳ the blood which comes forth in a jet (in blood-letting); Kerithoth 22ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, end, 49ᵇ להערות עם הק׳ to pour (boiling water) from vessel to vessel in a jet (instead of in short spurts); Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 3, 6ᵇ לערות מן הק׳. T’bul Yom. 2, 7. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 3, end, 14ᵇ מקום קִילּוּחוֹ בחצר the place where the water gushes forth (from the spout) in the neighbor’s court; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 13. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 4, 44ᵃ bottom of the page, see נָסַךְ; and elsewhere—5. קֶלַח. ↗ original

קִילּוּחָא —plural קִילּוּחַיָּא, קִלּ׳. Targum Job 24, 8 (manuscript singular; Hebrew text זרם). ↗ original

קִילּוּיָא , see קוּלְיָא I ↗ original

קילוילוסיו , see קְלִוְוסִין ↗ original

קילולות , see קָלָל ↗ original

קִילוֹן (κήλων) swipe and bucket for drawing water. Moed Katan 1, 1 אין משקין … ולא ממי ק׳ during the festive week you must not water a field with rain water or with water drawn with the swipe; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 1 ואין ממלין הימנו בק׳ you must not draw water from it (the well) with the swipe; אפי׳ … בק׳ not even from a pond which has been filled with buckets. Makhshirin 4, 9 הממלא בק׳ עד וכ׳ if one draws water with the swipe, up to three days the water remaining in the bucket makes things susceptible of uncleanness, Maimonides (differently explained in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Rabbenu Shimshon); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 9. Bava Bathra 99ᵇ בית הק׳ Munich manuscript (edition הקלון, correct accordingly; variant reading in commentary or commentaries הסילון) a field irrigated by swipe and bucket; see סִילּוֹן 2. ↗ original

קִילּוּס 1 (see next word) Ḳillus (Praise), name of a general under Vespasian. Echah Rabbah to 1, 5, see פַּנְגַּר. ↗ original

קִילּוּס 2 (קָלַס) praise. Bereshith Rabbah section 78 הגיע זמן קִילּוּסִי לקלס וכ׳ my turn has come to give praise etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 5, 55ᵇ bottom of the page ולקִילּוּסָן הוא צריך is he in need of their praise? the same place (ibid.) חביב קילוסן של ישראל וכ׳ (not קילוסין) Israel’s praise (of the Lord) is preferred to etc. Vayikra Rabbah section 5, end (referring to Psalms 19) בתחלה משורר בק׳ he begins by singing praise. Shemoth Rabbah section 15 הכל נותנין לי ק׳ all will do me homage; and frequently—plural קִילּוּסִין, קִלּ׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah the passage cited אע"פ שיש לפניו כמה ק׳ וכ׳ although there are before him many praises (Daniel 7, 10), yet Israel’s praise etc., see above. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 8, 36ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᵈ top מהו דברים … ק׳ what words?… praises (of the departed whose bones are collected). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 16, 15ᶜ bottom of the page כל הק׳ שישראל מקלסין וכ׳ all the praises which Israel offers to the Lord (the psalms) correspond in number to the years of Jacob’s life; Treatise Sof’rim 16, 11. Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 4, 59ᶜ עשרה ק׳ וכ׳ ten praises (Halleluiahs) which David spoke (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 32ᵃ הילולים); and frequently—[Bereshith Rabbah section 5 נעשה ק׳ להקב"ה, see קְלִוְוסִין.—Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 885 בקלוסין, read: בקולסין, see קוֹלָס.] making noise, tramping, clapping. Moed Katan 27ᵇ ק׳ ברגל ḳillus is done with the foot; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 17 ק׳ זה פישוט וכ׳ (not קילום) ḳillus is stretching out the arms (and clapping), contrad to טיפוח. Bereshith Rabbah section 84; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 142 בק׳ היה בא he (Joseph) came with noise (cheer). ↗ original

קִילּוּסָא —plural קִילּוּסַיָּא, קִלּ׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 6, 31ᵇ בתר כל אילין ק׳ וכ׳ after all these praises (bestowed on R. Johanan), I may explain it etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵇ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 1, 2ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 2, 18ᵇ ↗ original

קילוסין , Vayikra Rabbah section 7 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קְלִוְוסִין. ↗ original

קִילּוּפָא (קְלַף) peeling, decortication. Targum Onkelos Genesis 30, 37 קִילּוּף construct state (Hebrew text מחשף).—Bava Bathra 4ᵇ, see קִיפּוּלָא.—plural קִילּוּפֵי, קִלּוּ׳, קִלּוֹ׳ scab. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Leviticus 13, 2 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 קַלְפָא); 6; 7; and elsewhere—[Pesachim 119ᵃ קִלּוּפֵי Rashi, see קַלְפָא.] ↗ original

קִילּוּפָה (the preceding) rind, name of an ingredient of frankincense. Kerithoth 6ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᵈ ↗ original

קִילּוּר (κολλύριον, collyrium) a (red) eye-salve. Tosefta Shabbath 1, 23 נותנין ק׳ לעין וכ׳ you may put collyrium on the eye on the eve of the Sabbath etc.; Shabbath 18ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 3ᵈ bottom of the page קילורית. the same place (ibid.) 7, 10ᵇ bottom of the page ההן דגבל … עפר קילורין וכ׳ he who kneads … powder for collyrium (on the Sabbath) etc. Vayikra Rabbah section 16, beginning (referring to Isaiah 3, 16) they painted their eyes בקולרית אדומה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בקולריא, some edition בקוֹלִּירָא) with red collyrium; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vattom., p. 132ᵃ בקולרית; Echah Rabbah to 4, 15 בקִלּוּרִית. Devarim Rabbah section 8 ק׳ לעינים וכ׳ the Law is a salve for the eyes, for it is written (Psalms 19, 9) etc.; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms the passage cited; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 675; Vayikra Rabbah section 12. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 8, 11ᵇ top מים … את הקולורית water as much as is required for rubbing collyrium; and frequently—plural קִילּוּרִין. Babylonian Shabbath 108ᵇ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) לישדר … מהנך ק׳ וכ׳ (Munich manuscript קִילּוּרֵי) please send me some of Mar Samuel’s eye-salves. the same place (ibid.) טובה … מכל ק׳ שבעולם better than all eye-salves in the world is a drop of cold water (on the eye) in the morning and bathing hands and feet in the evening. ↗ original

קִילּוּרִין 2 provision, pantry, see קִילָּרִין. ↗ original

קִילּוּרִית , see קִילּוּר.—[Vayikra Rabbah section 20 קילורית Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קִילָּרִין.] ↗ original

קִילּוּרִיתָא feminine = Hebrew קִילּוּרִית. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᵈ top of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 4, 62ᶜ bottom of the page קִלּוּרִיתָה. ↗ original

קִילוּתָא (קִיל 2) disregard, disgrace. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 21, 23 (Hebrew text קללת). Targum Job 28, 18, see זִילוּתָא. ↗ original

קִילְחָא , see קֶלַח, קֻלְחָא. ↗ original

קִילְטָא , see קִלְטָא ↗ original

קֵילֵיטֵיס (κηλήτης) one who is ruptured. Tosefta Bechoroth 5, 4 (explained מרוח אשך, Leviticus 21, 20) זהו הקולוטוס edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading הקליטיס; correct accordingly) that is one suffering from scrotal hernia. ↗ original

קיליקה , read: ↗ original

קִילִיקְיָא Cilicia, a district in the south-east of Asia Minor, bordering on the east on Syria. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 4, 60ᵇ זה הובא מק׳ this wine has been imported from Cilicia; Tosefta Shevi'ith 5, 2 זה בא לידי מקלקיליאה edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading מקילקיליא, מקלקיא; correct accordingly).—5. קִילְקִי. ↗ original

קילנית , see קוֹלָנִית ↗ original

קִילְעָא , see קִלְעָא.—[Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 539 קילעין, see קִילְקִי.] ↗ original

קִילְפָא , see קַלְפָא.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 5, end, 43ᵈ קילפי איסור, see קְלִיפָה.] ↗ original

קִילְקָאֵי (see קִילִיקְיָא) Cilicians. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 34, 8, see אַבְלַס. ↗ original

קִילְקוּל (קִלְקֵל) deterioration, disorder.—plural קִילְקוּלִים, קִילְקוּלִין, קִלְ׳. Moed Katan 1, 2 (2ᵃ) ומתקנין את קִילְקוּלֵי המים וכ׳ and you may cure the spoiled waters (clean the pools) during the festive week. disarrangement. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᶜ ק׳ חשבונות יש כאן there is a disarrangement of dates here (a new era was started with the destruction of the Temple), see קִלְקֵל. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 6, end, 40ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 19ᵃ top הן דלא … בק׳ where he (R. Judah) did not get (to announce the decision of the Palestinian court on the intercalation), they were guided by the disarrangement (the calendar established by Hananiah). moral corruption, degeneracy. Avodah Zarah 64ᵃ שמא יחזור לקִלְקוּלוֹ lest he (the proselyte) may go back to his corruption (idolatry); (Kiddushin 17ᵇ לסורו, see סוֹר). Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 תחלת קלקולו בעזה וכ׳ the beginning of his degeneration took place at Gaza, therefore he was punished at Gaza; Tosefta Sotah 3, 15; Mechilta B’shall, Shir., section 2 קִלְקָלוֹ; Tanchuma Beshallach 12 קַלְקָלָתוֹ; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִילְקוּלָא disarrangement, faulty action. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 17, 15 קִילְקוּל נכסתא faulty slaughtering. disgrace, degradation. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 6, 2. dunghill, see קִיקְלָא.—[Pesachim 114ᵃ דאכיל קילקולא Munich manuscript, see קָקוּלָא.] ↗ original

קִילְקִי (see קִילִיקְיָא) Cilician. Nega'im 6, 1; Kelim 17, 12, see גָּרִיס; and frequently—plural קִילְקִים, קִילְקִין, קִלְ׳. Maasroth 5, 8, and frequently, see גָּרִיס. (compare κιλίκιον, cilicium, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word) cloth made of Cilician goat’s hair, coarse and shaggy cloth, horse-cover etc. Sifra Sh’mini, Parah 6, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 8 (referring to Leviticus 11, 32) אין לי … לרבות את הק׳ Rabad (edition הקלקלים) this would mean only sackcloth, whence do we learn to include cilicium?; Shabbath 64ᵃ Oxford manuscript (edition הקילקלי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 3); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 539 (not הקילעין). the same place (ibid.) והא אפיקתיה לק׳ but you have once excepted cilicium. Bava Bathra 78ᵃ חמור וכליו … ואת הק׳ Munich manuscript (edition הקילקלי) if a man says, I sell thee the ass and its outfit, he has sold the saddle …, the cover and the saddle band (or the housing); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 2; and elsewhere—plural as ab. Kelim 29, 1 קלקין edition Dehr. (Mishnah edition קולקין; Babylonian edition קולקלין, correct accordingly).—3) entangled and matted hair.—plural as ab. Sifra M’tsorʿa, Zabim, Parah 2, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 3 ‘the flesh’ (Leviticus 15, 7) ולא בק׳ שעליו but not when touching entangled hair on his body; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 568. Mikvaoth 9, 2 קִלְקי הלב וכ׳ matted hair on the chest etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 6, 55ᵇ top קילקין (not קליק׳); Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 4, 62ᶜ קִלְקִים (not ס …); Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 3, 47ᶜ, see פִּסְפֵס I. ↗ original

קִילְקֵי , Kerithoth 6ᵃ, see קִיקְלָא ↗ original

קילקיליא , see קִילִיקְיָיא ↗ original

קִילְקִילִּין , see קִילְקִלִּין ↗ original

קילקלי , see קִילְקִי ↗ original

קִילְקִלִּין (an adaptation of cancelli; reduplic. of קִיל I; compare קוֹלְיָינִין) curtained enclosures, compartments. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayḥi, p. 8ᵃ, see קוֹלְיָינִין.—Esp. the curtained enclosures of an idolatrous temple. Avodah Zarah 51ᵇ כל שהוא לפנים מן הק׳ וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קלוקלון, קולקלון, correct accordingly) whatever is found within the enclosures is forbidden, even if it be water or salt; whatever is outside etc. the same place (ibid.) אין ק׳ לא לפעור וכ׳ no difference is made between things within and without the enclosures as regards the idol Peor etc.—Cmp. קַנְקָל. ↗ original

קִילְקֶילְתָּא , see קִלְקֶלְתָּא, קִיקֶלְתָּא. ↗ original

קִילָּרִין common gender (cellarium) receptacle for food, pantry; provisions. Vayikra Rabbah section 20 (referring to Exodus 24, 11) וכי קילורין עלת וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קילורית, correct accordingly) were provisions taken with them up to Sinai?; Tanchuma Aḥăré 6 קלו׳; edition Buber edition 7 קלורין עלו (plural); Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 362 קלר׳. Bereshith Rabbah section 11 וכי יש ק׳ … חסר כלום does the King’s pantry lack anything?; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 16. Bereshith Rabbah 54; and elsewhere—Tanchuma Ḳ’doshim 12 פרדס … היה כל קִלָּארִין וכ׳ (not היו) one garden out of which all his provisions came; א"י שהיא ק׳ וכ׳ Palestine which is the pantry of the Lord; from it the sacrifices, the show-bread etc.; edition Buber edition קלאדין (correct accordingly; Manuscript Rome קִילָּארִ׳); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 615 קלר׳; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 270 קילר׳. ↗ original

קִילְשׁוֹנָא , see קִלְשׁוֹנָא ↗ original

קִילְתָּא (see קִיל 2) a light case (compare קוּלָּא). Nazir 20ᵇ השתא … ק׳ לא אמר would you say, in a heavier case (when two sets of witnesses differ as to numbers) Rab said (that this is not contradictory evidence), but in a lighter case (one witness against one), he did not say the same? ↗ original

קִילְתָא , see קִילָא 2.—[Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 57, see קִיקֶלְתָּא.—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Parah, p. 35ᵇ and the following, see קִלְטָא.] ↗ original

קִים (קוּם) standing; (it is) established, certain; ק׳ ל־ to be certain, to know. Shabbath 136ᵃ ק׳ לי ביה וכ׳ I am certain that its (the infant’s) months were complete (that it was no abortion). Avodah Zarah 76ᵇ מר ק׳ לי בגוויה וכ׳ I am sure about this gentleman (that he is a strict observer); about you I am not. Kiddushin 66ᵃ אי לאו דק׳ ליה בנפשיה וכ׳ unless he was sure of himself that etc.; and frequently—ק׳ ליה בדרבה מיניה (also קָם) he is sure of the larger portion of it, a proverbial expression for the rule, that he who has committed two offences simultaneously, must be held answerable for the severer only. Gittin 52ᵇ מנסך קם ליה בדר׳ מ׳ he who uses his neighbor’s wine for idolatrous libation (and makes the remainder unavailabe), is exempt from making restitution for the wine, because he has to suffer the severer penalty, which is death. the same place (ibid.) 53ᵃ משום דלא ק׳ ל׳ בדר׳ מ׳ because this is no case of a severer penalty (when he makes his neighbor’s wine unclean). Chullin 81ᵇ קם ל׳ בדר׳ מ׳ (Munich manuscript קָאִים) he suffers the severer penalty (for slaughtering for idolatrous purposes, and is exempt from the penalty of stripes for slaughtering the dam and her child in one day); and frequently ↗ original

קַיָּם , see sub קיי׳. ↗ original

קִימְאָה , see קִמְעָה ↗ original

קִימָה standing up, rising. Berachoth 11ᵃ (explained ובקומך, Deuteronomy 6, 7) בשעת ק׳ ק׳ ממש at the time of rising, whereby rising in its proper sense is meant (rising from bed, and not in the sense of standing erect at recital). Kiddushin 32ᵇ (referring to Leviticus 19, 32) לא אמרתי ק׳ אלא וכ׳ the text means only the rising that is a token of respect, see הִידּוּר. the same place (ibid.) מה ק׳ שאין בה וכ׳ as rising is something with which no material sacrifice is connected etc. the same place (ibid.) 33ᵃ, see בִּיטּוּל; and frequently—2) erection, putting up. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 4, 44ᵃ (referring to Leviticus 26, 1) לא היא עשייה לא היא ק׳ are ‘making’ and ‘erecting’ not the same? Answ. עשייה בתחילה ק׳ וכ׳, see עֲשִׂיָּה; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִימוֹלְיָא (Κιμωλία, supply (understood word) γῆ) Cimolian earth, a clay used in cleaning clothes and also in medicine (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Cimolia). Niddah 9, 6 (62ᵃ) קימול׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קמוניא); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 10 קימילייא (correct accordingly). Shabbath 9, 5 (89ᵇ) קמול׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition קימונ׳, variant reading in Babylonian edition קמונ׳; Munich manuscript קמומא; Oxford manuscript קמונ׳). the same place (ibid.) 90ᵃ קימוליא (some edition incorr. קמולי); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, end 12ᵇ ק׳ קליא (not קימון) cimolia is ḳalia (an alkaline earth). ↗ original

קימון , see the preceding—[Avodah Zarah 10ᵇ קימוניא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קָמוּנְיָא.] ↗ original

קִימּוֹס , see קִימּוֹשׁ, a. קוּמּוֹס. ↗ original

קימוץ , Tosefta Mikvaoth 6 (7), 16 variant reading, see קוּמּוֹס. ↗ original

קִימּוֹשׁ a species of thorns, nettles. Bava Kamma 16ᵃ ערפד … נעשה ק׳ וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Manuscript Hamburg קימוס, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 9) the ʿarpad, after seven years, changes into ḳimmosh, the ḳ., into a thorn. ↗ original

קִימּוֹשָׁא Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᵇ קמקמה (correct accordingly), see חוֹחָא ↗ original

קִימְחָא , see sub קִמְח׳. ↗ original

קימיליא , see קִימוֹלְיָא ↗ original

קימליא , Bereshith Rabbah section 79, end, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), read: ק׳ מיליא, see טריון ↗ original

קִימְעָא , see קִמְעָא ↗ original

קימפון , see קמְפּוֹן ↗ original

קַיִן (Biblical Hebrew) Cain, son of Adam. Sanhedrin 4, 5 שכן מצינו בק׳ וכ׳ for so we find with reference to Cain when he had killed his brother etc. the same place (ibid.) 37ᵇ מלמד שעשה ק׳ וכ׳ this use of the plural (דמי, Genesis 4, 10) shows that C. inflicted many wounds and bruises on his brother etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 2 ובהו זה ק׳ וכ׳ ‘and void’ (Genesis 1, 2), this refers to Cain who intended to reduce the world to waste and voidness; and very frequently ↗ original

*קִין , Pa'el קַיֵּין (see קוּן) to arrange, shape. Bereshith Rabbah section 23 קַיְּנָן קנתורין Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קִינְטוֹר. ↗ original

קִינּ־ , see קֵן, קִנָּא. ↗ original

קִינָא = Hebrew קִינָה, rhythmic song. —Pl. קִינִין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 4, 22 מרת ק׳ וכ׳ the originator of songs and music. ↗ original

קֵינָאָה , see קֵינַי ↗ original

קִינְאָה , see קִנְאָה Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

קִינְבָּא , see קְנִיבָה ↗ original

קינבי , see קוּטְבִּי ↗ original

קינגאי , see קְנִיגִיזְיָא ↗ original

קינדים , see קִינָרָס ↗ original

קִינָה [rhythmic song (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3603 under the word קינא),] lamentation, dirge. Moed Katan 3, 9 ק׳ שאחת מדברת וכ׳ a lamentation is called ḳinah, when one speaks etc., see עִינּוּי I. Berachoth 7ᵇ (referring to Psalms 3, 1) מזמור … ק׳ וכ׳ ‘a song of David’? it ought to read, ‘a lamentation of David.’ Echah Rabbah to 4, 11 (referring to Psalms 79, 1) לא הוה קרא … בכי … נהי … ק׳ לאסף the text ought to read, ‘a weeping of Asaf’, ‘an elegy of Asaf’, ‘a lamentation of Asaf’. the same place (ibid.) introduction, end (referring to Jeremiah 9, 9) על נאותיו … שנהפכו לק׳ over the beauties (pleasures) of Jacob which have been changed into mourning; and frequently—[Gittin 58ᵃ ועליהן קינה, see קוּן.]—plural קִינוֹת, especially ספר ק׳, מגילת ק׳, or ק׳ the Book of Lamentations. Bava Bathra 14ᵇ סדרן … ק׳ וכ׳ the order of the books of Hagiographa is: Ruth … and Lamentations etc. the same place (ibid.) 15ᵃ ירמיה … וקנות (correct accordingly) Jeremiah composed the book that bears his name, the Book of Kings, and Lamentations. Chagigah 5ᵇ רבי … ספר ק׳ Rabbi took up the Book of Lamentations and read etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 16, 15ᶜ top היו … במגילת ק׳ were sitting and explaining the scroll of Lamentations; Echah Rabbah to 4, 20; Vayikra Rabbah section 15; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 8, end, 36ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᵈ top קִינִים ונהי lamentations and elegies. ↗ original

קִינָּה , see קִנָּה ↗ original

קִינּוּחַ (קָנַח) wiping. Chullin 105ᵃ אין ק׳ הפה אלא בפת wiping the mouth (to remove particles of cheese before eating meat) must be done with bread. the same place (ibid.) בכל מילי הוי ק׳ וכ׳ anything (eaten) will serve the purpose of wiping the mouth, except etc.; and elsewhere—ק׳ סעודה desert. Pesachim 57ᵃ; Sanhedrin 94ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 935; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִינּוּי (קָנָא) manifestation of jealousy, warning given to the suspected wife. Sotah 2ᵇ (referring to Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 1, 1, ‘he must warn her in the presence of two witnesses’) אמר קרא בה ולא בק׳ the text (Numbers 5, 13) says, bah (there is no witness to it) that is to say, to it (her defilement) one witness would suffice, but not to her warning. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ על פי עצמו the act may be certified by the husband’s own testimony; ק׳ על פי שנים two witnesses must testify to etc. the same place (ibid.) 3ᵃ אין ק׳ … התראה ḳinnuy means warning (in the presence of two witnesses). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, beginning 16ᵇ הק׳ … חובה וכ׳ to warn is the husband’s duty; R. J. says, it is optional. the same place (ibid.) קִינּוּיוֹ ק׳ a warning (under such conditions) is legally valid; and frequently ↗ original

קִינוּמָא (קנם to establish, compare קנן; see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3667 under the word קנום) covenant, oath. Targum 2 Chronicles 23, 1 (edition Vilna edition קִיּוּמָא). the same place (ibid.) 15, 15 (edition Lagarde edition קוֹנָּמָא); and elsewhere—plural קִינוּמִין, construct state קִינוּמֵי. the same place (ibid.) 34, 24. ↗ original

קִינוֹנְיָא (κοινωνία) partnership; (used in an evil sense) conspiracy to defraud and divide the profits. Bava Bathra 10, 7 (173ᵇ) הערב … שמא יעשו קינ׳ וכ׳ Yerushalmi (prefix) edition a. Babylonian (Mishnah edition קנ׳) if one has become surety to a woman for her jointure, and her husband divorces her, the husband must vow that he will never accept any benefit from her (so that he cannot remarry her), lest they form a conspiracy against the guarantor’s property and (after collecting the jointure) he take his wife back. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 1, end, 8ᵃ a note of indebtedness found must not he returned מפני ק׳ because a conspiracy may be formed (between the creditor and the debtor to collect the debt, already cancelled, from the purchaser of the debtor’s land, see לְקוּחוֹת); Babylonian Bava Metzia 13ᵃ חייש לפרעון ולק׳ (Abayi forbids the restoration of the note, because) he apprehends that it may have been paid, and a conspiracy may be formed; לא חיישינן … וק׳ we do not apprehend etc. Tosefta Kiddushin 3, 5 על מנת … שמא עשו ק׳ if one says to a woman, be betrothed unto me on the condition that …: she is betrothed, because we apprehend a conspiracy (between them to annul the betrothal without a formal Geṭ); and elsewhere ↗ original

קִינוֹף (קנף, sec. root or radix of קף, compare צִינוֹק, צִנּוֹר etc.; an adaptation of κωνωπεῖον) the framework of a baldachin or canopy, consisting of four columns over which a flat cover is spread, contradistinguished to נַקְלִיטִין. Sukkah 1, 3 (10ᵃ) או שפירס ע"ג ק׳ (not שפירסה) or if he spread a sheet over a frame (so as to form a tent within the Succah); the same place (ibid.) 10ᵇ Munich manuscript (edition קינופות). Sanhedrin 68ᵃ הוא יושב בק׳ שלו he was seated on his curtained couch.—plural קִינוֹפוֹת, קִינּ׳. Sukkah the passage cited וק׳ ארבעה, see נַקְלִיטִין. the same place (ibid.) שאני ק׳ דקביעי it is different with baldachin frames, for they are stationary, opposite to כִּילָה. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 2, 8.—[Κωνωπεῖον means the net, our word refers to the frame.] ↗ original

קִינוֹפִין (κωνωπεῖον, see the preceding) curtained couch. Targum 2 Samuel 16, 22 (Hebrew text האהל). ↗ original

קינוקוס , Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 7, beginning 48ᶜ, see כּוֹלִיקוֹס ↗ original

קִינוֹקְנוֹת , see קְנוֹקְנוֹת ↗ original

קִינְטוֹר , plural קִינְטוֹרִין (Κενταυροί) Centaurs, savages represented as half-horses and half-men. Bereshith Rabbah section 23 ע"כ בצלם … ונבראו ק׳ up to that time (of Enosh) men were created in the (divine) image and likeness, thenceforward the generations degenerated, and centaurs were created (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) וקַיְּנָן קנתורין and he shaped them as centaurs); Yalkut Shimoni Chronicles 1072 קנטרין (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קִינְטוּר (קִנְטֵר) opposition, remonstrance; reproach. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 241 קִינְטוּרוֹ באז his (Moses’) remonstrance is introduced with אָז (Exodus 5, 23).—plural קִינְטוּרִין, קִנְ׳. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shimʿu, p. 117ᵇ שמעו דברי תוכחות … דברי ק׳ listen to the words of rebuke, that you may not have to hear words of reproach. the same place (ibid.) דברים ק׳ (insert של or read: דברי) reproachful words, opposite נִחוּמִים; (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 265 קִנְתּוּרִין). Koheleth Rabbah beginning ע"י שהיה נבואתן דברי קַנְתְּרִין because their prophecy contained reproaches; and elsewhere—[Pesikta Rabbati, addit. section 2 (edition Friedman p. 197ᵃ) הקנטורים, see קִטְרוֹן 2.] ↗ original

קִינְטֵינָר , see קִנְטֵינָר ↗ original

קינטיסין , see קוֹנְטוֹס ↗ original

קִינְטֵירָא , see קִנְטֵינָר ↗ original

קִינְטְרָה , see קוּנְטְרָא ↗ original

קֵינַי (see קוּן; compare תובל קין Genesis 4, 2 artist, especially metal-worker, silversmith. Targum Jeremiah 10, 9 (Hebrew text צורף). Targum Psalms 66, 10 קינאה (edition Vilna edition קֵנָ׳). Targum Judges 17, 4; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 2, beginning 13ᵇ אין הוה כגון ק׳ וכ׳ if a workshop has been there before, for example that of a silversmith or a smith etc.—plural קֵינָאֵי. Targum Esther 5, 14 ית נגרייא וית ק׳ the carpenters and the forgers of arms. the same place (ibid.) קַיְינָאֵי דמתקנין וכ׳ edition Lagarde edition (other edition קייצ׳, correct accordingly) the smiths, that they may make a knife. the same place (ibid.) ולקיינ׳ edition Lagarde edition (other edition ולקיצ׳, correct accordingly). Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 וכל קינאי edition Lagarde edition (other edition קניגייא, correct accordingly). ↗ original

קֵינִי Ḳeni (see Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868, p. 276). Oholoth 18, 9. ↗ original

קינִיגִי , see sub קְנִי׳. ↗ original

קִינְיָין , see sub קִנְ׳. ↗ original

קִינִים , plural of קִינָה. ↗ original

קִינִּין , see קַן ↗ original

קִינְיָן , see sub קִנְ׳. ↗ original

קִינָּמוֹן (קנם, compare קִינּוּמָא) (Biblical Hebrew) cinnamon-tree, cinnamon. Shabbath 63ᵃ עצי … של ק׳ היו the kindling wood in Jerusalem was of the cinnamon tree. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵃ bottom of the page ק׳ … היה והיו וכ׳ (not היו) the foliage of the cinnamon tree was food for goats, and the Israelites cultivated it. Bereshith Rabbah section 33. Kerithoth 5ᵃ; and frequently (compare קִינּוּמָא) [something enduring,] principle. Bereshith Rabbah section 46 אמר הקב"ה ק׳ אני מעמיד בעולם מה ק׳ וכ׳ (not ריש לקיש) the Lord said, (by delaying the conception of Isaac until Abraham was ninety-nine years old,) I will establish a ḳinnamon (an everlasting principle), as the ḳinnamon (the cinnamon tree, no matter how old) will grow fruit when you manure and hoe around it, so shall Abraham (bear fruit) after his blood is tied up (runs slowly), and his desire is gone etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 80; Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 968 (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קִינְסָא (קנס; see קֵיסָא) piece of wood, chip. Shabbath 22ᵇ בק׳ kindling a light from another light by means of a chip. Chullin 105ᵃ איכא בינייהו ק׳ the difference between them comes in, when you wash your hands over chips. Avodah Zarah 33ᵇ ק׳ וכ׳ as to causing the pitch in a wine cask to melt off by holding a burning chip in it etc.—[Betzah 22ᵃ קינס Munich manuscript, see קְנִיבָה.]—plural קִינְסֵי. Eruvin 100ᵇ נתרי ק׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קנסי, edition Soncino קסמי) dry twigs will break off (by his being on the tree); [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word קסן, reads קוּסְנֵי, compare קִיסְנְיָיתָא]. ↗ original

קינסון , see next word ↗ original

קינקילון , see sub קַנְק׳. ↗ original

קִינָרָא , see next word ↗ original

קִינָרָס (κινάρα, according plural) artichokes (used as singular, collective noun). Kilayim 5, 8 והק׳ כלאים בכרם (Mishnah edition ם …, correct accordingly; Munich manuscript והקנדס, edition Venice קינדס, correct accordingly; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) artichokes in a vineyard are kilayim; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 12 הכינריס (variant reading קִנָרָא, קינרס). Bereshith Rabbah section 20 (explained דרדר or קוץ) ק׳ (editions vary between קנדים, קינרים etc.); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 32 קונדס (correct accordingly). ʿUktsin 1, 6; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 6 קינרוס (variant reading קתרוס, correct accordingly). Betzah 34ᵃ קונדס (Rashi manuscript קינרס; compare קוּנְדָּסָא).—Esther Rabbah to 1, 4 they found themselves short of one plate מאן דאמר קנדס ומאן דאמר כַּפְנָאֵי one says, it was artichokes, another says, it was a dish of the efflorescence of palms (see כָּפְנִית, and קוֹר I).—plural קִינָרִים. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 9, 38ᵈ top (edition Krot. קינריס). Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited (see above). ↗ original

קִינְרָסָא (Eruvin 83ᵃ, see קוּנְדָּסָא).—plural קִינְרָסַיָּא, קִינְרָסַיָּה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, 60ᵈ bottom of the page (variant reading קינסיה, corruption). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 9, end, 39ᵃ קונדס׳ (see קוּנְדָּסָא). ↗ original

קִיס (see קוֹס) rough-edged.—plural קִיסִּין. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 7, 10 הכוסות הק׳ הצידנים וכ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) הקִיצִּין הסודניים, variant reading הכיסין; Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 30, 3 omits our word) the rough-edged Sidonian cut-glass cups. ↗ original

קֵיסָא (the preceding) rough edge. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 78ᵃ bottom of the page, see כַּסָּא I. twig, chip, wood; tree (compare גַּיָּוזָא I). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 14, 4. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 35, 18. Targum Proverbs 25, 20. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 21, 22 (gallows). Targum Job 19, 10 edition Lagarde edition (edition Vilna edition קֵסָא; other edition קְסָא, correct accordingly); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, 61ᶜ top, and elsewhere, see סָסָא.—plural קֵיסִין, קֵיסַיָּא, קֵיסֵי, קִי׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 15, 32. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 22, 3. Targum Psalms 74, 5. Targum Proverbs 26, 20; and frequently—Sanhedrin 93ᵃ תרי ק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition אודי), see אוּדָא. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 6; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 973 (not קוס׳), see סִירְתָּא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵇ top הבון … ק׳ בסופא take care in eating that you leave the chips (woodlike, bad beans) for the end. ↗ original

קִיסְוָוא , see קִסְוָה ↗ original

קיסום , Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 3, 11, read: קוֹסִים, see קוֹס.—Kilayim 5, 8, and elsewhere, read: קִיסוֹס. ↗ original

קִיסּוּמָא (קְסַם) divination.—plural קִיסּוּמִין, קִסּ׳. Targum Ezekiel 21, 28.—[Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 18, 14 קיסומי, read: קָסוֹמֵי.] ↗ original

קִיסּוּמָא ² (see קֵיסֶם) rakings. Targum Habakkuk 3, 17 לא יגבון ק׳ וכ׳ they shall not gather rakings from (shall not enjoy the destruction of) Jerusalem (Hebrew text אין בקר ברפתים!). ↗ original

קִיסוֹס (κισσός) ivy. Kilayim 5, 8 (not קיסום, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 20); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 13. Sukkah 1, 4 (11ᵃ) הדלה … ואת הק׳ (Mishnah edition קיסום) if he trained, over the Succah, a vine, gourd, or ivy. Oholoth 8, 1 (Mishnah edition, a. edition Dehr. ם …). Tosefta Eruvin 1, 7; and frequently ↗ original

קִיסוֹסָא Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 5, end, 30ᵃ (explained קיסוס).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, beginning, 4ᶜ (explained שמן קיק) ק׳ oil of ivy-seeds(?), see קָאזָא ↗ original

קיסופורון , see קַסִּיטְרוֹן ↗ original

קִיסְטְ (a corruption of ξέστης) ḳisṭ, ḳisṭa (Sixtarius), see כְּסִיסְטָא. Bereshith Rabbah section 49 חד ק׳ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קסיט) one xestes of wine (which you had) makes ten follera. Pesachim 109ᵃ ק׳ דמורייסא וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קסתא, Munich manuscript קיסתא; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) the xestes for muries (kept as a standard) in Sepphoris was about the same as the Temple Log. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Ekhah, p. 122ᵇ ק׳ דחמר Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קסיט) a. x. of wine; and elsewhere—plural קִיסְטִין. Vayikra Rabbah section 12 שתי שיכרא חמשא ק׳ (not קיסטון) he (the drunkard) drinks five xestes of beer, they tell him, thou hadst ten. the same place (ibid.) הוה אליף … ק׳ וכ׳ was accustomed to drink twelve x. of wine a day etc.; and elsewhere—[5. Friedman Aram. Fremdw. p. 205]. ↗ original

קִיסְטָא 2 (cista) chest, box. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 9, end, 27ᵇ (explained קִסְוָה, Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 9, 6) ק׳ a chest (containing sacred objects, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Cista).—plural קִיסְטוֹת. Kelim 15, 1 קוסטות המלכים (edition Dehr. קוסטַת sing.; Rabbenu Shimshon קסתות, קנתות, correct accordingly) the provision boxes of kings. ↗ original

קיסטור , see קוּסְטִינָר ↗ original

קיסטרא , see קַסִּיטְרָא ↗ original

קיסים , Bereshith Rabbah section 99, לובשי ק׳, see קוֹלָס ↗ original

קיסיניתא , see קִיסְנְיָיתָא ↗ original

קיסלוון , Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 27 ציצלין דק׳, see קוֹלָס ↗ original

קִיסָּם (קָסַם) chip, fragment. Sanhedrin 64ᵃ כל … אפי׳ ק׳ whatever people make their ruler (worship), be it a stone, or a piece of wood, see מוֹלֶךְ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7, 25ᶜ top of the page Tosefta Betzah 3, 18 ק׳ לחצות וכ׳ a chip with which to pick his teeth. Bava Bathra 15ᵇ ‘a generation which judges its judges’, אומר לו טול ק׳ מבין עיניך וכ׳ (Oxford manuscript קוצא thorn; Manuscript Hamburg ק׳ מבין שיניך) when he says to a person, take the chip out of thy eye (teeth), he answers, take the beam etc.; Arachin 16ᵇ (variant reading שיניך); and frequently—plural קִיסְּמִים, קִיסְּמִין. Shabbath 6, 6 (65ᵃ) בק׳ שבאזניהם (Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 70 cites קוס׳; in Rashi a. Bartenora, Bertinora קִסְּמִ׳) with chips in their ears (to prevent the growing up of the perforations); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 8ᶜ אבל לא בק׳ וכ׳ but they must not (go out on the Sabbath) with chips etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original

קֵיסֶם [Targum Proverbs 14, 30 edition Lagarde edition, read with edition Vilna edition קיסא.] Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 25, 3; and elsewhere—Shabbath 54ᵇ, see רִתְמָא. ↗ original

קֵיסַם Ḳesam. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 34, 4, and the following (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 קְסַם; Hebrew text עצמון). ↗ original

קִיסְמָא 1 chip, see קֵיסֶם. ↗ original

קִיסְמָא 2 Ḳisma. Sanhedrin 98ᵃ יוסי בן ק׳; and frequently ↗ original

קִיסְמָא 3 charm, divination, see קְסַם 2. ↗ original

קִיסְמִית (see קִיסָּם) a mass of chips. Berachoth 15ᵃ ↗ original

קִיסְנְיָיתָא (קסן, see קְסַם) carved. Kethuboth 61ᵇ דמיטללא בגורייתא ק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (variant reading בקְסִינְיָי׳ זוטרתי, בקִיסִינְ׳; edition קִיטְנְיָיתָא little) she plays with carved (little) cubs. ↗ original

קיספורון , see קַסִּיטְרוֹן ↗ original

קֵיסַר (Cæsar, Καῖσαρ) Cæsar, Roman emperor. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 12ᵈ bottom of the page; Bereshith Rabbah section 8, see אָגוּסְטוֹס. Avodah Zarah 10ᵇ קטיעא חד מחשיבי דמלכותא דק׳ הוה וק׳ הוה סני וכ׳ Munich manuscript Ḳ’ṭiʿa was one of the nobles of the imperial government, and the emperor hated the Jews (edition ההוא קֵיסָרָא דהוה סני וכ׳). Sanhedrin 98ᵇ, see פַּלְגּוּ; and frequently ↗ original

קֵיסָרָא see the preceding ↗ original

קִיסְרָאנָא (the preceding) Cæsarean. Avodah Zarah 6ᵇ (some edition קִיסְרְנָאָה, Rashi קִסְ׳; Munich manuscript דקיסר), see דִּינָרָא. ↗ original

קֵיסַרְוָון (the preceding) the district of Cæsarea (Philippi), in the north of Palestine (Paneas). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 34, 1 דן דק׳ Dan in the district of etc.; Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 14, 14 (edition Vienna edition רִיּוֹן …). ↗ original

קִיסְרִי Cæsarean, see קִיסְרִין. ↗ original

קִיסְרֵי Cæsarea, see קִיסְרִין. ↗ original

קִיסְרָיָא = Hebrew קִיסְרִי, Cæsarean. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, beginning 65ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 5, end, 20ᵈ תחליפא ק׳; Bereshith Rabbah section 50 חלפתא ק׳; and elsewhere—plural f. קִיסְרָיָיתָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 7, end, 40ᶜ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 6ᵃ top, see עַרְסָא. ↗ original

קֵיסַרִיּוֹן , see קֵיסַרְוָון, a. קִיסְרִין. ↗ original

קִיסַּרְיִי belonging to the plant cissarios; אגבין ק׳, see אַגְבִּין. ↗ original

קִיסְרָיָיא , see קִיסְרָיָא ↗ original

קִיסְרִין Cæsarea, name of several cities, especially Cæsarea (Palestina), a maritime city founded by Herod the Great on the site of Straton’s Tower. Megillah 6ᵃ (referring to עקרון, Zephaniah, Book of 2, 4) זו ק׳ בת אדום וכ׳ this means (symbolically) C., the daughter of Edom (seat of the Roman government) etc., see חוֹל I. the same place (ibid.) מלכי ק׳ וירושלים the governors of C. and of Jerusalem. Echah Rabbah to 4, 21 ‘daughter of Edom’ זו ק׳ this means C.—Tosefta Oholoth 18, 16 ק׳ שהחזיקו בה וכ׳ C. which was always considered unclean (see מָדוֹר). the same place (ibid.) 13 מזרח ק׳ the eastside of C.; Oholoth 18, 9 (edition Dehr. קסרון, correct accordingly; some edition קֵיסַרִיּוֹן). Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 3, end, 30ᵇ רבנן דק׳ the Rabbis of C.; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 2, end, 4ᵇ, and elsewhere ק׳ שבקפודקיא Cæsarea in Cappadocia, see מְגִיזָה. Mechilta Beshallach, Amal., section 2 קסריון, see מְחִלָּה.—Denom. קִיסְרִי, קִסְ׳ Cæsarean. Tosefta Demai 4, 23 הניח ק׳ ומצא אגרי (variant reading ומצא עִגְּרוֹן) if he left Cæsarean wheat (bought for immediate use) and found storage wheat in its place (see אֵגוֹרִי). ↗ original

קִיסְרְנָאָה , see קִיסְרָאנָא ↗ original

קיסרקיסון , Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 302, see קְסִרְקִיטוֹן ↗ original

קַיָּף הַקַּ׳ Haḳḳayaf. Parah 3, 5 הקיף (Mishnah edition הקוף; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. edition Dehr. הקייף). ↗ original

קֵיפֶא (קָפָא, קָפָה) coagulation, jelly, sediments of boiled meat. Chullin 9, 1 (explained the same place (ibid.) 120ᵃ פִּירְמָא, which see; another explanation the same place (ibid.) תבלין the settled spices in the meat pot). the same place (ibid.) 112ᵇ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קופה, some edition קיפא). Nedarim 6, 6; the same place (ibid.) 52ᵇ (some edition קו׳); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 2. T’bul Yom 2, 5 בשר הקדש שקרם עליו הקי׳ (edition Dehr. הקו׳; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) שקרש … הקו׳) sacred flesh on the top of which a layer of jelly was formed. Mechilta Beshallach, Shir., section 6 (referring to קפאו, Exodus 15, 8) עשאן כמין ק׳ וכ׳ he made them like a congealed mass in the heart of the sea; (Tanchuma Beshallach 17 כִּפָּה). Sifra Sh’mini, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4, Parah 3 הקפֶה. ↗ original

קִיפּוֹד , see קִיפּוֹף ↗ original

קִיפּוּי (preceding article) formation of a coagulated substance, froth, spume. Avodah Zarah 56ᵃ (explained משיקפה, see קָפָה) ק׳ דבור do you mean the formation of froth (fermentation) in the pit, or ק׳ דחבית the fermentation in the cask?—Transferred the skimming of the surface, the quantity taken from the top of a pile. Terumoth 4, 11; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 43ᵃ bottom of the page ↗ original

קִיפּוּל (קָפל 1) folding up, creasing. Shabbath 28ᵇ ק׳ אינו מועיל the mere creasing (of an old garment with the purpose of making wicks of it) does not affect it as regards the laws of uncleanness. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 4ᵈ bottom of the page שכן … רוצים בקִיפּוּלָהּ for professional attendants (dressers) like a garment to be creased. the same place (ibid.) 15, beginning 15ᵃ ק׳ בשנים וכ׳ folding a garment (on the Sabbath) by two persons is treated as forbidden work. ↗ original

קִיפּוּלָא (קְפַל 2) scraping off. Bava Bathra 4ᵇ ק׳ מידע ידיע Munich manuscript (edition קִילּוּפָא; Rashi קופלא) the scraping off of the plaster is noticeable. the same place (ibid.) קיפולי Munich manuscript read: קיפולא. ↗ original

קִיפוֹנוֹס Ḳifonos, name of a Temple gate (probably genitive of Καιπίων = Cæpio). Middoth 1, 3. ↗ original

קִיפוֹנוֹת (compare קוֹפִינָא) ḳifonoth, name of a fish, sword-fish (compare ξίφιος, gladius) (?). Sifra Sh’mini, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4, Parah 3 (Rabad כפונית שבים); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 537. ↗ original

קִיפּוֹף (compare קוֹף 2) long-tailed ape (cercopithacus). Bechoroth 8ᵃ, see קוֹף 2. Berachoth 57ᵇ Munich manuscript (edition קִיפּוֹד, קִפּוֹד). the same place (ibid.) 58ᵇ (Rashi: a species of owls). a species of owls. Chullin 63ᵃ באות שבעופות ק׳ the bâvath among the birds is the ḳippof (see next word). ↗ original

קִיפּוּפָא , owl. Targum Leviticus 11, 17 (O. edition Berlin edition קִיפּ׳, other edition O. a. Yerushalmi (prefix) קִיפ׳, קִפ׳; Hebrew text ינשוף); Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 14, 16 (Hebrew text ינשוף); Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Amsterdam edition קְפוּ׳ (edition Vienna edition כְּפוּפָא; Hebrew text כוס).—Niddah 23ᵃ קפ׳ (Rashi קיפ׳). Berachoth 57ᵇ קפ׳. ↗ original

קִיפּוּץ (קָפַץ) leaping, jumping. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 5, 63ᵃ bottom of the page ק׳ עוקר וכ׳ (not קיפיץ) jumping means lifting both feet simultaneously, opposite ריקוד. ↗ original

קִיפֵּחַ , see כִּיפֵּחַ ↗ original

קיפל , see קִיבְלַי ↗ original

קִיפְלָאוֹת , see קִפְלָיוֹת ↗ original

קיפלוס , see קִיפָלִיס ↗ original

קִיפְלוּרְיָא , see קִפְלוּרְיָא ↗ original

קִיפְלַי , see קִיבְלַי ↗ original

קִיפָלִין , see next word ↗ original

קִיפָלִיס (not קיפלוס) masculine (κεφαλίς) capital of a column. Vayikra Rabbah section 25, see קוּפְלָיוֹת.—plural (formed from genitive κεφαλίδος) קִיפָלִידוֹסִים. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 15 (not קיִפלירוסים). Ylamdenu to Deuteronomy 7, 12 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קיפלרין של עמודים (read: קִיפִילָדִין; some edition קִיפָלִין). ↗ original

קיפלירוסים , see the preceding ↗ original

קִיפְרוֹס (Κύπρος) Cyprus, an island lying off the coast of Phœnicia and Syria. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 5, 55ᵇ והלך הדם בים עד ק׳ and the blood (of those slain by Trajanus) went (could be traced) in the sea as far as Cyprus; Echah Rabbah to 1, 16; 4, 19 (strike out נהר); see Graetz Hist. of the Jews, (Jew. Publ. Soc. of A.) 2, p. 398. ↗ original

קִיץ , Hif'il הֵקִיץ (Biblical Hebrew) [to stir,] (neut. verb.) to wake up. Bereshith Rabbah section 21 (referring to Psalms 17, 15) לכשיָקִיץ אותו וכ׳ when he whom thou hast created in thine image shall wake up (arise from the dead); Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 671 לכשיָקוּץ; and elsewhere to awaken. Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 היו מתיראים לַהֲקִיצוֹ they were afraid to wake him (Solomon) up; והלכה היא והֱקִיצַתּוֹ וכ׳ but she (Bethsheba) went and waked him up and rebuked him. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms the passage cited (referring to Psalms the passage cited) אלו … שמְקִיצִין שינה וכ׳ that means the scholars that chase the sleep from their eyes etc.; Bava Bathra 10ᵃ Munich manuscript (edition שמנדדין); and elsewhere ↗ original

קַיִץ heat, midsummer, harvest time for figs, grapes etc., contradistinguished to קציר harvest time for grains. Bava Metzia 106ᵇ (referring to Genesis 8, 22 חצי ניסן … אב ק׳ וכ׳ half of Nisan, the whole of Iyar, and half of Sivan is ḳatsir (cutting season), half of Sivan to half of Ab is ḳayits (midsummer) etc.; Bereshith Rabbah section 34. Shemoth Rabbah section 15 עשיר … בשעת הק׳ a rich man who went out at harvest time (when grapes were cut). Nedarim 8, 4 עד הק׳ עד שיהא הק׳ וכ׳ if one vows abstinence ‘until harvest time’, it means until harvest begins, until people begin to bring fruits home in baskets (see כַּלְכָּלָה); עד שיעבור הק׳ וכ׳ ‘until harvest is past’, it means etc., see מַקְצוּעָה; and frequently summer fruits, figs, grapes etc. Bava Bathra 3, 1 (28ᵃ) כנס (קֵיצוֹ) את קַיְיצוֹ after storing up his fruits. Tosefta Nedarim 4, 1 הנודר מן הק׳ אין אסור וכ׳ if one vows abstinence from ḳayits, he is forbidden figs only; the same place (ibid.) 2 (anoth. opinion) ענבים בכלל ק׳ grapes are included in ḳayits; Nedarim 61ᵇ מפירות הק׳ from the fruits of midsummer; (the same place (ibid.) ענבים בכלל תאנים). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, 41ᵃ top ביכר ק׳ בעמקים if the first summer fruits are ripe in the valleys; (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 62ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 7 הגיע הק׳ the harvest has begun). Nazir 8ᵇ כהילקטי ק׳, see הֶילְקֵט; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 3; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 51ᵇ bottom of the page (not כמלקטי); and elsewhere—Transferred ק׳ המזבח the altar’s summer time, a time when the altar was unemployed for private offerings, and free-will burnt-offerings had to be supplied from the Temple fund. Shekalim 4, 4 מותר הפירות לק׳ המ׳ the net income from the sale of fruits (of the Sabbatical year) was applied to the purchase of sacrifices for the altar’s summer time; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 48ᵇ top (not למזבח). Sukkah 56ᵃ. Tosefta Menachoth 10, 8, see קוּץ 2. ↗ original

קַיָּץ , see קַיָּיץ ↗ original

קִיץ ² (קָצַץ) a clearly defined subject.—plural קִיצִין. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 11 אפי׳ דברִים … שהן ק׳ וכ׳ even things in the Law which you would consider clearly defined are piles upon piles (contain material for much discussion). ↗ original

קִיץ ³ (the preceding) term, stipulation; (adjective) defined. Nedarim 86ᵃ, see קִיצוּתָא. Gittin 30ᵇ כיון דק׳ the quantity being defined. Kethuboth 43ᵃ לא שביק אינש מידי דק׳ … דלא ק׳ a man will not forego the claim of a definite quantity, and demand something undefined (requiring appraisement); and elsewhere—plural קִיצֵי. Bava Bathra 88ᵃ דק׳ דמיה (Rashb. דקָיְיצֵי) when its price is fixed; דק׳ דמיהו when their prices are fixed. ↗ original

קִיצּ־ , see קֵץ, קִצָּא. ↗ original

קִיצָא , Tosefta Kethuboth 4, 7 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), see קִיצָה I ↗ original

קַיְצָא , see קַיְצָה ↗ original

קִיצְבָה , see קִצְבָה ↗ original

קַיְצָה (see קַיִץ), שדה ק׳ a field of summer fruits. Tosefta Bava Metzia 9, 5 הלוקח שדה ק׳ … והיו בה וכ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) קַיצא, variant reading קיצה, קוצה) if a man buys … the crop of the summer fruits of a field, and there are in it apples …; whatever is not included in ḳayits (see קַיִץ) belongs to the seller. ↗ original

קִיצָה 1 (= קציצה; קָצַץ) cutting, felling. Tosefta Shevi'ith 3, 14 שתהא קִיצָתָהּ שוה (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) שיהא קִיצָתוֹ) that the felling be even (the stumps all alike, see דָּרַג); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 35ᵇ bottom of the page קיצצתן (correct accordingly, or קְצִיצָתָן). (compare פָּסַק) stipulation, agreement. Tosefta Kethuboth 4, 7 אין כלום לאחר הק׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) הקיצא) after this agreement (that she would support herself and her husband) there can be no claim; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, 29ᵈ קניין (correct accordingly).—Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 29ᵃ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 9, 17ᵃ top מכה שיש לה ק׳ a disease on the treatment of which there is a definite agreement (with the physician as to his charge), see קִצְבָה. Tosefta Kethuboth 6, 6 אם עשתה קִיצָתָהּ if she made her own stipulation, see קִיצוּתָא.—Bava Bathra 8ᵇ על קִיצָתָן, see נָסַע. ↗ original

קִיצָה 2 (קִיץ or קוּץ, Hif'il) awakening. Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 34 קִיצַת הבקר וכ׳ the awakening in the morning is like the world to come; the same place (ibid.) שינת הבקר (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קִיצוֹנָא , see קִיצוֹצָא ↗ original

קִיצוֹנִים (קצץ) slender, dwarfed; בצלים הק׳ onions with minute heads and slender stems. Shevi'ith 5, 4, see קַטִּינַאי; [commentary or commentaries קַיְ׳ (denominative of קַיִץ) summer-onions, see קַיְיטִינָאֵי]. ↗ original

קִיצּוּעַ (קָצַע) trimming the ends of a skin. Bava Kamma 66ᵇ, see עוּצְבָּה. ↗ original

קִיצוֹצָא (compare קִיצוֹנִים) [slender,] name of a lizard. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 11, 30 (edition Amsterdam edition קִיצוֹנָא; Hebrew text חמט). ↗ original

קִיצוּצְוָתָא , see קְצוּצְתָּא ↗ original

קִיצוּתָא (= קְצִיצוּתָא) = Hebrew קִיצָה, definite term, stipulation. Nedarim 4ᵇ משום דלא אית ליה ק׳ because there is no definite term for it (a vow of abstinence, unless explicitly limited, is for ever); אבל … דאית ליה ק׳ וכ׳ but as to a Nazarite’s vow where there is a definite term (a Nazarite’s vow, unless qualified, being for thirty days) etc. the same place (ibid.) 86ᵃ התם קיץ אשה … ק׳ there (in the case of the transfer of a field for ten years) there is a definite end stipulated, but can a woman (dedicating her handiwork to the sanctuary after she shall be divorced) define the time? Bava Metzia 67ᵇ בק׳ by definite stipulation of the time up to which the mortgagee may have the privilege of usufruct. the same place (ibid.) קצו׳ (correct accordingly). Kethuboth 54ᵇ מהו דתימא קַיְיצוּתָא עבדו וכ׳ you may have thought that the Rabbis instituted a definite sum as the wife’s jointure in order not to put the poor to shame. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 30ᵈ top (in Hebr. dict.) אם עשת ק׳ if she had a stipulation to that effect made (in her marriage contract); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6, 6 קִיצָתָהּ, see קִיצָה. Shevuoth 42ᵃ קי׳ דתרעא וכ׳ Manuscript Florence (edition קצ׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8) stipulations of prices one is likely to remember well.—5. קְצִיצָה. ↗ original

קִיצְחָא , see קִצְחָא ↗ original

קיציון , see קְרַצְיוֹן ↗ original

קיצצה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵇ bottom of the page קיצצתן, see קִיצָה ↗ original

קיצרה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 16, end, 15ᵈ, see קַצְרָה 2 ↗ original

קִיק 1 (reduplic. of קא; compare קָאַת) name of a bird, pelican. Chullin 63ᵃ קאת זה הק׳ Munich manuscript (edition הקוק, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note), the Biblical ḳaath is the modern ḳiḳ, see קָאַת; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 537 הקוק; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, beginning 4ᶜ. the same place (ibid.) (referring to שמן קיק Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 2, 1) עוף הוא ושמו ק׳ it is a bird whose name is ḳiḳ. [For other opinions on the meaning of שמן ק׳, see קָאוָא, קִיסוֹסָא, קִיקָיוֹן.] ↗ original

קִיק 2 abnormally large membrum virile; [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): abnormally large testicles]. Bechoroth 44ᵇ, see גְּרַבְתָּן, a. קַיָּין. ↗ original

קיקאני , see קוּקְיָאנֵי ↗ original

קִיקוּלִים (= קלקיל׳, compare קִיקָלוֹן) disgrace, prostitution. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 662 העמיד בתי קוצים ובתי ק׳ וכ׳ he put up houses of idolatry (see קוֹץ I) and houses of prostitution etc.; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 14 קִלְקְלִין (edition Buber edition קִיקְלִין). ↗ original

קִיקָיוֹן (Biblical Hebrew) ricinus-tree, or the shrub bearing the castor-berry (Greek κίκι, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Cici, a. Löw, Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881, p. 353 and the following). Shabbath 21ᵃ (explained שמן קיק, Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 2, 1) ר"ל אמר ק׳ דיונה Resh Laḳish says, it means oil from Jonah’s Ḳiḳayon. the same place (ibid.) לדידי … ק׳ דיונה וכ׳ I was shown Jonah’s Ḳ., it resembled etc., see צְלוּלִיבָא ↗ original

קִיקֶילְתָּא , see קִיקֶלְתָּא ↗ original

קִיקְלָא common gender (= קלקל׳; קלקל) [refuse,] dunghill. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shimʿu, p. 117ᵃ and the following כד הימוט … וכד תרום ק׳ ק׳ שמה when a palace sinks, its name remains palace, and when a dunghill rises, its name remains dunghill. Echah Rabbah to 4, 5, see טְרַף I; and elsewhere—plural קִיקְלַיָּא, קִיקְלֵי, קוּ׳, קִקְ׳. Kerithoth 6ᵃ על קיקלי דמתא וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition אקִילְקֵי, Rashi קִלְקֵי) rather dwell on the dunghills of Matha Meḥasia, than in the palaces of Pumb’ditha. Gittin 69ᵃ בקיקליא דמתא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) (edition בקלקולי) on the dunghills of the town. Pesachim 114ᵃ, see קָקוּלָא; and elsewhere—5. קִיקֶלְתָּא. ↗ original

קִיקָלוֹן , see the preceding) disgrace. Esther Rabbah introduction to Parah 3, see קוּא. ↗ original

קִיקְלִין , see קִיקוּלִים ↗ original

קִיקְלִיתָא , see next word ↗ original

קִיקֶלְתָּא (see קִיקְלָא) dunghill, ruins. Targum Psalms 113, 7 (edition Vilna edition קַלְקַלְ׳). Targum Jeremiah 19, 2 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) קיקליתא; Targum edition קלקל׳, edition Lagarde edition קִילְקילְ׳).—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 4 לא תצלי בההיא ק׳ pray not on this dunghill (the Temple ruins), opposite בריכא; Bereshith Rabbah section 81 קלקל׳; the same place (ibid.) section 32 ביתא קלקל׳ (omit ביתא); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 57 קילתא (correct accordingly). Vayikra Rabbah section 25 עדור בקוֹקֶלְתָּךְ (some edition בקולקל׳), see עֲדַר I; Yalkut Shimoni Job 925 בקלקליתיך (read בקִלקֶילְתָּיךְ). Avodah Zarah 28ᵃ קיקילתא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Munich manuscript קילקל׳; edition קִילְקְתָא); and elsewhere—plural קִילְקְלָתָן. Targum Lamentations 4, 5 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קִקְלָאתָן; Hebrew text אשפתות). ↗ original

קִיר 1 common gender (Biblical Hebrew; [surrounding, enclosure,] wall, recess, chamber. Rosh Hashanah 16ᵇ; Sanhedrin 109ᵃ, see נָטָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 8ᵇ bottom of the page (referring to Isaiah 38, 2) באיזה ק׳ נשא עיניו to what wall did he direct his eyes? בקִירָהּ של רחב to the wall of Rahab’s house (referring to Joshua 2, 15); the same place (ibid.) בקירה של שונמית to the ḳir (chamber) of the Shunamite; השונמית ק׳ אחת וכ׳ the Shunamite made one chamber for Elisha etc.; Babylonian Berachoth 10ᵇ. Zevachim 65ᵃ ק׳ העליון the upper portion of the side of the altar; ק׳ הכבש the masonry of the ascent to the altar; and frequently—plural קִירוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth the passage cited בק׳ בה"מ וכ׳ he directed his eyes to the walls of the Temple; בק׳ לבו וכ׳ to the recesses of his own heart he directed his eyes; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) the passage cited התפלל מק׳ לבו he prayed out of the recesses etc.—2) rim, border of mats, (see גְּדָנְפָא). Sukkah 20ᵇ ↗ original

קִיר 2 (or קוּר), Pa'el קַיֵּיר (sec. verb of קרר) to cool. Avodah Zarah 38ᵇ וקַיְּירֵי מבינתא וכ׳ (Munich manuscript וקרירי) and they cool (the body) from the hair of the head to etc. ↗ original

קיר , Targum 2 Esther 3, 8 some edition, see קִירָא ↗ original

קִירָא (cera, κηρός) wax. Targum 2 Esther 3, 8 (not קיר).—Shabbath 110ᵇ (Munich manuscript קו׳), see נִישְׂתְּרוּפֵי. the same place (ibid.) 133ᵇ, see קַלְבָּא. Bava Metzia 40ᵃ באתריה … בק׳ וכ׳ in the place of one of the differing teachers they line the barrels with wax, which does not absorb much etc. Sanhedrin 95ᵃ (proverbial phrase) בר ברך ק׳ וכ׳ let thy grandson sell wax (be a poor man), so that thou be spared suffering (do not sacrifice the present for the sake of the future); and elsewhere—plural קִירֵי. Pesachim 8ᵃ בי ק׳ wax-store. ↗ original

קִירָאָה (the preceding) dealer in wax. Bava Metzia 63ᵇ.—plural קִירָאֵי. the same place (ibid.) 69ᵇ.—[Avodah Zarah 40ᵃ קיראי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קַרָא.] ↗ original

קירבי , Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵃ bottom of the page ק׳ לבנין, quoted in Rabbenu Shimshon to Kilayim 1, 4, see כְּרִיסוֹלָכַנוֹן ↗ original

קירדו , see פִּרְסְקָא ↗ original

קִירְדֵּס , see קִרְדֵּס ↗ original

קִירְוָא , see קִרְוָא ↗ original

קֵירוּב (קָרַב) nearness, contact. Kethuboth 48ᵃ שארה זו ק׳ בשר וכ׳ her sh’er (Exodus 21, 10), this means the immediate contact of bodies, that he must not treat her in the manner of the Persians etc. Shabbath 13ᵇ ישן עמי בק׳ בשר he slept by my side (under one cover) undressed; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 4, 66ᶜ וישן עמהן בק׳ בשר and he may sleep with them etc.—Bava Bathra 7ᵇ לפי ק׳ בתים הן גובין fortification taxes are raised in proportion to the propinquity of the houses to the city wall. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 1, end, 53ᵃ (referring to Deuteronomy 14, 24) בק׳ מקום when the place is near Jerusalem, opposite בריחוק.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 4, beginning 65ᵇ ק׳ פנים bringing the face near, i.e. welcome reception (of proselytes). Sotah 49ᵃ; Yalkut Shimoni Habakkuk 563 (referring to Habakkuk 3, 2) א"ת בקרב שנים בק׳ שְׁנַיִם read not b’ḳereb shanim (in the midst of years), but b’ḳerub sh’nayim, in the contact of two (poor scholars wrapped in one cloak); and elsewhere ↗ original

קֵירוּד (קָרַד) scraping, currying. Tosefta Betzah 2, 17 איזוהי ק׳ אילו קטנים וכ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) קירור) ḳerud is currying with strigils with small teeth which wound the skin; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, end, 61ᵈ; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 23ᵃ; see קִירְצוּף; Pesachim 11ᵇ קידור, קדור (correct accordingly, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original

קִירְוָוא , see קִרְוָא ↗ original

קִירְוָוחִין , see קְרוּחַ ↗ original

קֵירוּי 1 (קָרָה 2) arched ceiling. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 5, beginning 39ᵃ ק׳ שמועיל לתנור an arched cap which is of use to the oven. ↗ original

קֵירוּי 2 (קָרָה 1) accident; בק׳ (compare עַרְאַי) temporary. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, beginning 49ᶜ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 7, 22ᶜ top (referring to בסכות, 2 Samuel 11, 11) סכך שהיה בק׳ וכ׳ it means a shelter (like booths) which was temporary, since the Temple was not yet built; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 101 ספר שהוא קרוי (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קִירְוָיָא , see קִרְוָיָא ↗ original

קֵירוָּיה , see קֵרוּיָה ↗ original

קירום , Esther Rabbah to 1, 13, see קֵירָס ↗ original

קֵירוֹמָא (κήρωμα) wrestling ground. Shabbath 22, 6 (147ᵃ) אין יורדין לק׳ Rashi manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 30; edition קורדימא, Munich manuscript a. Yerushalmi (prefix) edition לפִילוֹמָא, which see) you must not go down (on the Sabbath) to a wrestling ground (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Ceroma). ↗ original

קֵירוֹמָה (καίρωμα) arrangement of slips or thrums. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 13, 14ᵃ; see קֵירוֹס I. ↗ original

קֵירוּן (denominative of קֶרֶן) providing with horns; in a transferred sense horned animal. Tosefta Menachoth 13, 6 הרי עלי ק׳ והביא גמום וכ׳ (not הביא נימוס) if one says, I vow a sacrifice of a horned animal, and brings one whose horns are levelled, or I vow a hornless animal, and brings a horned one (see גָּמַם).—[קירונין, Echah Rabbah to 4, 15 some edition, see קָרוֹן, a. קָרוּכִין.] ↗ original

קֵירוֹס 1 (καῖρος) the row of slips or thrums in the loom to which the threads of the warp are attached. Shabbath 13, 2 (105ᵃ), see נִיר 4; explained Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 14ᵃ בק׳ קירומה (not בקיריס) ḳeros is (καίρωμα) the arrangement of slips etc. ↗ original

קֵירוֹס 2 opportunity, see קֵירָס. ↗ original

קירוס , Yalkut Shimoni Daniel 1064, see מַקְרִין I ↗ original

קִירוּתָא (denominative of קִירָא) a mass of wax into which a wick is stuck. Shabbath 20ᵇ (explained שעוה, Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 2, 1). ↗ original

קִירְטוּם (קִרְטַם) nipping, destroying the top of plants. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 2, 3ᵃ top; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 1 קִיטּוּם. ↗ original

קירטון , Tosefta Betzah 4, 10, see גְּרֵתִיקוֹן.—Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 332, see קָרְטוֹן. ↗ original

קִירְטֵם , see sub קִרְטֵ׳. ↗ original

קִירִי (vocat. of κύρις, S.) O, master! Chullin 139ᵇ, see כִּירִי I. Bereshith Rabbah section 89, see כֵּירִי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 3, 34ᵈ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, 38ᵃ top (not קורי); Pesikta Rabbati section 22 קרי (correct accordingly), see בריכסון.—Avodah Zarah 11ᵇ (supposed to stand for κυρίου, genit.), see פְּלַסְטֵיר. ↗ original

*קֵירִי (see קֵירָס; compare καίριον) in due time. Sifré Deuteronomy 323 משל … עבד ק׳ אני מוכר לך אבל וכ׳ like one saying to a neighbor, I sell thee a slave to be delivered at a certain time; but I (the Lord) do not do so, but I sell at once and deliver at once; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 946 עבד קרי. ↗ original

קִירְיָאָה , see קוּרְיָיאָה, a. קִרְיָה 2. ↗ original

קִירְיוֹסִים (curiosi) detectives, spies. Pesikta Rabbati section 3 קריוסי הושיב וכ׳ (correct accordingly) Joseph placed agents in the palace. Pesikta Rabbati section 8 כשם שלמלכי בו"ד ק׳ … כך יש לפני הקב"ה ק׳ וכ׳ as human kings have agents who report …, so are agents before the Lord etc.; ואלו הן הק׳ … זו הנפש וכ׳ and these are the Lord’s agents, the soul that reports to the angel etc.—Denom. קִרְיוֹסוּת report of agents. Vayikra Rabbah section 32 יש קול קריאסות לטובה … ויש קול קריאסות לרעה וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (correct accordingly, a. omit קול; edition יש קול יוצא וכ׳) there is a report of agents for good (Deuteronomy 5, 25) …, and a report of agents for evil (the same place (ibid.) 1, 34); Koheleth Rabbah to 10, 20 יש קרסיות וכ׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קִירְיוּתָא , see קִרְיוּתָא ↗ original

קִירַיָּיא , see קָרָא I ↗ original

קִירְיָינָא Ḳiryana, Ḳyrene (corresp. to Biblical Hebrew קִיר). Targum 2 Kings 16, 9. Targum Amos 2, 5; 9, 7 קיריני edition Lagarde edition (other edition קִירְנֵי, קְרִינֵי; see Vulg.). ↗ original

קיריס , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 13, 14ᵃ בק׳, see קֵירוֹס I ↗ original

קִירִיס (not קֵי׳) (κύρις = κύριος, S.) lord, as a title, master. Targum Job 3, 18 (19). the same place (ibid.) 5, 2.—Esp. the Lord. Targum Psalms 53, 1. the same place (ibid.) 97, 10. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 11, 26; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִירִיס ² (compare Biblical Hebrew קֵירֹס) Ḳeris, an Amora. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, end, 61ᵈ ק׳ דאירמא; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 5, end, 7ᶜ ק׳ דידמא (see Friedman M’bo, p. 122ᵃ). ↗ original

קִירְמָא , see קִרְמָא, a. קוּרָמי. ↗ original

קִירְמוֹלִין , see קַרְמוּלִין ↗ original

קִירַמְיוֹן , see קִרַמְיוֹן ↗ original

קִירְנֵי , see קִירְיָינָא ↗ original

קֵירָס (καιρός) opportunity, season. Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 3 אם הגיע קִירְסוֹ של תלמיד וכ׳ when the proper time comes for the scholar to teach etc. the same place (ibid.) אם הגיע קִירְסָן וכ׳ when the turn of the prophets comes to prophesy etc. Esther Rabbah to 1, 13 (referring to לעתים, I Chronicles 12, 23) שהיו יודעין לרפאות את הקֵירוֹס (not הקירום) they knew how to mend the time (destiny); [a gloss: קליפה העולה מחמת מכה, from misreading קֵירוּם, see קָרַם]; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 4 לרצוא את הקורם (edition Vilna edition לרפות את הקורס; correct accordingly).—plural קִירְסִים, קִירְסִין (קִרְ׳). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayḥi, p. 9ᵃ (referring to לעתים, see above) לק׳ understanding of the seasons (see 70, I Chronicles the passage cited); Esther Rabbah the passage cited; Shir HaShirim Rabbah the passage cited (not לקו׳); Bamidbar Rabbah section 13; Bereshith Rabbah section 72 לקורניסין (correct accordingly, or לקֵירוֹסִין); [variant reading in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) לקִירְטִין].—[Bereshith Rabbah section 58 בקרסין, see קְלִירוֹס.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, 33ᵈ קירסים, see next word] ↗ original

קִירְסוּם (קִרְסֵם) plucking the tops off. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, 33ᵈ [read:] דר"ש כר׳ יהושע בק׳ that Rabbenu Shimshon agrees with R. J. concerning the plucking of ears in the Sabbatical year. ↗ original

קִירְסוּף , see קִירְצוּף ↗ original

קִירְסֵי , see קִרְסֵי ↗ original

קִירְפָּיוֹת , see קוּרְפָּיוֹת ↗ original

קירצוד , see קורצד ↗ original

קִירְצוּף (קִרְצֵף) scratching, currying with a strigil. Tosefta Betzah 2, 17 איזהו ק׳ גדולים וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קִרְסוּף) what kind of currying is called ḳirtsuf? That which is done with large-toothed combs, which do not wound, opposite קֵירוּד; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, end, 61ᵈ; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 23ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) בין ק׳ בין קרוד שרי currying is permitted (on the Holy Day) whether with large or with small strigils; see קירוּד. ↗ original

קִירְצֵף , see קִרְצֵף ↗ original

קירקוס , Yalkut Shimoni Daniel 1064, see מַקְרִין I ↗ original

קִירְקוּר (קִרְקֵר 3) croaking (of frogs). Tanchuma Bo 4 קִרְקוּרָן היה קשה וכ׳ their croaking was harder to bear than their ruining; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 66ᵇ quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ↗ original

קִירְקָנוֹת (= קירקרנ׳, see the preceding) clappers, a sort of castanets, used at wedding processions. Pesikta Rabbati section 43 טוענים קי׳ וכ׳ (edition Friedman קו׳) carrying castanets and marching before her. ↗ original

קִירְקָנֵי (see the preceding words) croaking. Nedarim 51ᵃ שתינא … ובק׳ דאימן I shall drink wine to thy father’s dancing and thy mother’s croaking (singing); [Rashi: handing the cup]. ↗ original

קירקוסיי , Yalkut Shimoni Kings 222, see קוּרְקְסָא ↗ original

קִישׁ 1 (Biblical Hebrew) Kish, the father of king Saul. Megillah 12ᵇ בן קׄישׄ הקׄישׄ וכ׳, see נָקַשׁ; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִישׁ 2 (נָקַשׁ) clapping, the sound ḳish-ḳish. Bava Metzia 85ᵇ, see כִּישׁ. ↗ original

קִישׁ 3 , participle of קְשַׁשׁ 2. ↗ original

קִישְׁבָּא , see קִשְׁבָּא ↗ original

קִישּׁוּאִים , see קִשּׁוּאִים ↗ original

קִישּׁוּט (קָשַׁט) dress, toilet, ornament. — plural קִישּׁוּטִים, קִישּׁוּטִין, קִשּׁ׳. Echah Rabbah to 2, 13 (play on אעידך, the same place (ibid.); compare עֲדִי 2) כמה ק׳ קשטתי אתכם with how many ornaments did I adorn you!; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Naḥ., p. 124ᵇ. Kethuboth 71ᵇ נהנית מריח קִשּׁוּטֶיהָ וכ׳ is benefited by the perfume of her toilet for thirty days (can be thirty days without perfumery). the same place (ibid.) (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) diction) דתלנהו לקשוטיה וכ׳ (read: דתלתנהו) when she attached her vow of abstinence from perfuming herself to marital intercourse etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִישּׁוּטָא Targum Isaiah 49, 18 קִישּׁוּט construct state (edition Vilna edition קָשׁוּט, correct accordingly).—plural קִישּׁוּטַיָּא, קִשּׁ׳. Targum Jeremiah 2, 32 קִישּׁוּטָהָא (Hebrew text קִשְּׁרֶיהָ). ↗ original

קִישּׁוּי (קָשָׁה) protracted travailing, laws of cleanness concerning discharges during protracted travailing. Niddah 4, 5 (36ᵇ) כמה הוא קִשּׁוּיָהּ (Babylonian edition היא קִישּׁ׳) how long may her travailing last (in order to apply to her the laws concerning etc.)?; Yevamoth 83ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 6ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 1, 49ᵇ top קִישּׁוּיָיהּ; the same place (ibid.) אין ק׳ יותר וכ׳ the laws apply only during two weeks. Babylonian Niddah 66ᵃ אין ק׳ לנפלים the law of ḳishshuy does not apply to cases of abortion; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִישּׁוּיָא (קְשֵׁי) objection, argument.—plural קִישּׁוּיֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 7, 35ᵇ top לית ליה כאילין ק׳ (not קישויא) does not agree with those arguments (does not consider them convincing). ↗ original

קִישּׁוּר (קָשַׁר) binding, contraction. Shabbath 16ᵇ בשעת ק׳ עבים when the clouds were gathering, opposite פיזור. the same place (ibid.) 15, 1 כשם שהוא חייב על קִישּׁוּרָן וכ׳ as well as he is guilty (of violating the Sabbath laws), when he ties them (the knots) etc., opposite התיר. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 7ᵃ top; and elsewhere—plural קִישּׁוּרִים, קִשּׁ׳ (Biblical Hebrew קִשֻּׁרִים) beads, decorations. Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 32, end ככלה בקִשּׁוּרֶיהָ like a bride in her attire; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 114. Shabbath 66ᵇ (explained קשרים, Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 6, 9), קִשּׁוּרֵי פואה (Munich manuscript קישור פיאה), see פּוּאָה; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 8ᶜ בקושרי פיאה (correct accordingly); and elsewhere ↗ original

קִישּׁוּרָא Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 4, 7ᵃ top קִישּׁוּרֵיה דרב וכ׳ the tying of which Rab speaks, referring to tying twigs for the purposes of a tent; קישוריה דר׳ אבא the tying of which R. Abba speaks, referring to tying twigs for the purpose of making an implement (seats); and elsewhere—plural קִישּׁוּרֵי. Babylonian Shabbath 66ᵇ ק׳ Munich manuscript a. Rashi (edition קשירי) a sort of stilts, tied to the legs; see אָנְקִטְמִין. ↗ original

קִישׁוֹשׁוֹת (קָשַׁשׁ 1) rakings, chips. Tosefta Shevi'ith 2, 14. Tosefta Eruvin 11 (8), 10 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) קִישׁוֹשִׁיּוֹת; other edition קַשְׁקַשִּׁיּוֹת), see קַשְׁקַשִּׁים. splints put on a fracture, see קְשִׁישִׁין. ↗ original

קִישׁוּת 1 (compare כָּשׁוּת) [tufted fruit,] cucumber (sing, a. plural). Tosefta Demai 5, 10 ניטל מכל ק׳ וק׳ he takes tithe from each bunch of cucumbers. Terumoth 3, 1 התורם ק׳ ונמצאת וכ׳ if one separates a cucumber for T’rumah, and it is found to be bitter. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 5 אין לך מר בק׳ וכ׳ there is nothing bitter in the cucumber except the central part (the central cucumber in the bunch (?)); and elsewhere—plural (see above). the same place (ibid.) 5, 14. Shabbath 109ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word טרז; see כָּשׁוּת.—5. קִשּׁוּאִים. ↗ original

קִישׁוּת 2 (נָקַשׁ) comparison, likeness. Bereshith Rabbah section 35 (play on קַשְׁתִּי, Genesis 9, 13) קִישׁוּתִי וכ׳ my likeness, that which comes near to me (the halo of glory); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 61 קָשׁוּתִי; see קַשָּׁא I. ↗ original

קִישָׁן (נָקַשׁ) one whose legs knock against each other, bandy-legged. Bechoroth 45ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 9 היַקְשָׁן (edition Vienna edition העַקְשָׁן, compare עָקַשׁ). ↗ original

קִישְׁקוּשׁ (קִשְׁקֵשׁ 1) hoeing the ground (around olive trees). Moed Katan 3ᵃ מנין לעידור וק׳ וכ׳ whence is it learned that hoeing of vines, and hoeing of olive trees, and clearing are forbidden in the Sabbatical year? the same place (ibid.) וק׳ … שרי is hoeing in the Sabbatical year permitted?; Sukkah 44ᵇ Munich manuscript (edition קַשְׁקוּשֵׁי). ↗ original

קִישְׁקוּשָׁא —plural קִישְׁקוּשֵׁי, קִשְׁ׳. Moed Katan 3ᵃ; Sukkah 44ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 354 תרי ק׳ הוו וכ׳ there are two kinds of hoeing, one intended to make the tree stronger etc., see פִּילָא 3. ↗ original

קִישְׁקוּשָׁא ² (קשש; compare Zephaniah, Book of 2, 1) gathering place (in war times); tower, fort.—plural קִישְׁקוּשֵׁי, קִשְׁ׳. Shabbath 11ᵃ אבל בק׳ וכ׳ but as to towers and turrets, we care not (they may be higher than the synagogue). ↗ original

קִישְׁר־ , see קֶשֶׁר ↗ original

קִישַׁרְתָּא , see קוֹשַׁרְתָּא ↗ original

קישת , Tosefta Niddah 5, 8, see קָשָׁהPi'el ↗ original

קִיתוֹן (κώθων, confounded with κύαθος) ladle for drawing wine out of the mixing bowl into the cup; also for washing hands. Tosefta Betzah 2, 9; Tosefta Shabbath 16 (17), 13 ממלא הוא … או ק׳ לשתות וכ׳ he may (dip in and) fill a cup, bucket or ladle for drinking purposes, and intend to immerse them (for ritual purposes). the same place (ibid.) 14 (15), 3. Sukkah 2, 9 לעבד … ק׳ וכ׳ like the case of a servant that comes in to mix the cup for his master, and he pours the ladle in his face; the same place (ibid.) 29ᵃ שפך לו רבו ק׳ וכ׳ his master poured etc. Sanhedrin 52ᵇ בתחלה דומה לק׳ וכ׳ at first acquaintance he (the scholar) appears to him (the ignorant man) like a golden kithon; if he holds conversation with him, he appears like a silver kithon; if he accepts a benefit of him, he appears like an earthen kithon, which once broken cannot be mended. Yoma 4, 5 מקדש … מן הק׳ וכ׳ he sanctifies his hands and feet with a golden ladle; and frequently—Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 124 נטל קטן השמן וכ׳ (correct accordingly) he took the pitcher of oil and poured etc.—plural קִיתוֹנִים, קִיתוֹנוֹת. Sifré Numbers 158. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 4, 1 הלבס כדי לקבל ק׳ וכ׳ a defective caldron remains susceptible of levitical uncleanness so long as there is enough left to receive ladles, ladles, so long as they can contain small coins. Bereshith Rabbah section 74 קִיתוֹנִיּוֹת; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 130 קיתונות; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִיתוֹן ² Esther Rabbah to 2, 1 (introduction) the drunkard says, מה דהדין ק׳ דנחשא וכ׳ what this copper ladle serves for, an earthen ladle will do etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵃ הב לי ק׳ דאית וכ׳ give me the cyathus which I have with thee; הב לי קותונה וכ׳ (read: קִיתוֹנִי) give me my cyathus, and get the Denar (which I owe thee). Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᵈ הוה ליה קווקין וכ׳ (correct accordingly) had a ladle on which was the figure of a Roman deity; אהן ק׳ מכיון וכ׳ a ladle, since it is dipped in water, is considered a common vessel (ornamentations of which have no idolatrous character); and elsewhere—plural קַיתוֹנַיָּא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 31, 23 (edition Amsterdam edition קַתּוּנְיָא, correct accordingly). ↗ original

קִיתְרֹס , see קַתְרוֹס 3 ↗ original

קַל 1 to be light, see קָלַל. ↗ original

קַל 2 the preceding) light; unimportant, of minor value; easy to achieve.—קל וחומר, see חוֹמֶר I. Chullin 12, 5 מצוה ק׳ שהיא כאיסר a slight religious act which is performed at a sacrifice of one Isar. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᵇ bottom of the page השוה הכתוב מצוה ק׳ שבקַלּוֹת וכ׳ the Bible put the lightest of the light acts (Deuteronomy 22, 7) on the same level with the most serious (Exodus 20, 12). Tosefta Yoma V (4), 4 מאכילין אותו הקל הקל you must give him to eat (of forbidden things on hand) that which is of comparatively minor import; and frequently—plural קַלִּים, קַלִּין; קַלּוֹת.—קלים וחמורים, see חוֹמֶר I.—Demai 1, 1 הק׳ שבדמאי those fruits with which, in cases of doubt as to tithes (see דְּמַאי), the law deals most leniently. Yoma 8, 8 על עבירות ק׳ for minor transgressions (to which the lowest penalty is attached); the same place (ibid.) 85ᵇ אלו הן ק׳ וכ׳ these are the minor transgressions: omission of a positive command etc. (see עָשָׂה); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) V (4), 5. Rosh Hashanah 25ᵇ, and elsewhere שלשה קַלֵּי עולם the three worthless (chiefs) in Israel’s history, opposite חמורי עולם. the same place (ibid.) אפי׳ קל שבק׳ וכ׳ (not קלין) even the most worthless of worthless men, if once appointed a leader, should be respected like the strongest etc.; and frequently lowly, poor.—plural as ab. Arachin 24ᵃ שלא ישהא מרגלית לק׳ one must not delay the valuation of a jewel dedicated for its value by poor men (for the sake of taking it to a large town where a higher price can be obtained, but it must go by its local value); the same place (ibid.) 18ᵃ מרגלית לק׳ as to local valuation. quick. Avoth 3, 12, see נוֹחַ 2. the same place (ibid.) 5, 20 הוי … קל כנשר וכ׳ be … swift as an eagle, and run like a deer to do the will of thy Father in heaven. Shabbath 8, 5 ביצה ק׳ שבבצים the lightest of eggs; explained the same place (ibid.) 80ᵇ ק׳ לבשל quick to boil; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, 11ᵇ top of the page Bereshith Rabbah section 16, see חַד I. Kethuboth 112ᵃ (referring to Jeremiah 3, 19 נחלת צבי) מה צבי זה קל … ק׳ לבשל וכ׳ as the deer is the swiftest of beasts, so the land of Israel is the swiftest of all lands to ripen its fruits. Shemoth Rabbah section 19, and frequently לשעה קלה after a short time; and frequently—plural as ab. Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited; and elsewhere ↗ original

קַל 3 common gender = Hebrew קוֹל, voice, sound; rumor. Targum Ezekiel 11, 13. Targum Genesis 27, 22. Targum Psalms 92, 12; and frequently—Moed Katan 18ᵇ ק׳ דלא פסיק, see פְּסַק. Bava Bathra 5ᵃ רמא ביה ק׳ raised his voice against him (rebuked him). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ top [read:] ואזל ק׳ דקרעין לגופפתה and the sound of (the lamentations at) the rending of garments went as far as Gof’fatha; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵃ ואזיל קָלָה לקרעין וכ׳ (correct accordingly); and frequently—בת ק׳, ברת ק׳ = Hebrew בת קול (see בַּת I) divine voice. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 38, 26; and elsewhere—Sanhedrin 96ᵇ נפקת בת ק׳ (not נפקא ק׳) a divine voice came forth; and frequently—plural קָלַיָּא, קָלִין, קָלֵי. Targum Exodus 9, 23. the same place (ibid.) 29; and frequently—Targum Psalms 93, 4 קָלָן.—Bava Metzia 85ᵃ מעבר ליה קָלֵיה לקָלַיְהוּ the sound of his cry (in pain) drowned their (the beasts’) voices. Rosh Hashanah 27ᵃ תרי ק׳ two simultaneous (or immediately consecutive) sounds; and elsewhere ↗ original

קָל 2 (the preceding) Ḳal (Voice), name of the genius of Nebuchadnezzar. Shemoth Rabbah section 21 (referring to Daniel 4, 28). ↗ original

קָלָא voice, see קל 3.—[Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 662 קלא באטין, read: אַקּוּבִיטוֹן.] ↗ original

קֹלָא , see קוֹלָא I ↗ original

קְלָא 1 (compare קוֹלָא I, 2) [something round,] clod, stone. Avodah Zarah 18ᵇ שקל ק׳ וכ׳ he took up a clod and threw it at them; Pesachim 62ᵇ, and elsewhere Bava Kamma 92ᵇ, see כֵּיר. Taanith 4ᵃ, see פַּרְצִידָא; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְלָא 2 to burn, see קְלֵי. ↗ original

קְלָא 3 , see קְלָאִילָּן ↗ original

קלא , see קְלָאפַנְדָּר ↗ original

קלאונא , Devarim Rabbah section 10, see קְלָנְיָא ↗ original

קְלָאִילָּן (קְלָא 2 a. אִילָּן) [ashes of a tree,] a vegetable blue dye, an imitation of the genuine purple-blue (תְּכֵלֶת); [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): indigo, an adaptation of καλλάΐνον, callainum, Sachs, Sachs, Beitrage 1, p. 132]; woolen threads dyed with ḳ’la-illan. Tosefta Avodah Zarah 6 (7), 1 ק׳ שדשו בעצי וכ׳ ḳ’la-illan wool which has been stamped with wood of an ăsherah (אֲשֵׁרָה) must be burnt; others say, it is under the restriction of the law until it resumes its natural color (by washing etc.). Meïl. 13ᵃ הדש קלעילון בשדה וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קלעילין) he that stamps ḳ’laillan wool in a field belonging to the Temple. Bava Kamma 93ᵇ בק׳ א׳ דלא עבר a ḳ. dye which cannot be removed with soap (see צָפוֹן I). Bava Metzia 61ᵇ מי שתולה ק׳ א׳ בבגדו וכ׳ he that attaches ḳ. threads to his garment and says, it is t’kheleth. Menachoth 41ᵇ טלית שכולה … מן ק׳ א׳ if a cloak is entirely of purple wool, any threads of a different color may be used as show-fringes, except ḳ. (because it may be mistaken for t’kheleth). Tosefta Kilayim 5, 26 ק׳ א׳ וכ׳ (variant reading קלע אילן) threads of ḳ. (used in place of t’kheleth) … are not subject to the laws of mixed materials (כִּלְאַיִם). ↗ original

קְלָאִים , see קָלִי ↗ original

קלאמין , see כְּלָמוּס ↗ original

קְלָאפַנְדָּר (a compound or composed of κλεπ- and ανδρ-) ḳ’lafandar (Man-Stealer), fictitious name of one of the judges of Sodom. Bereshith Rabbah section 50 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קלא פ׳, combine); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 84 קלפ׳. ↗ original

קִלָּארִון , see קִילָּרִין ↗ original

קָלְבּוֹן , see קוֹלְבּוֹן ↗ original

קלבוס , Shabbath 120ᵃ, see קוֹלְבִין ↗ original

*קְלִיבִּינִטִירִין (a corruption of κλινο-βατήριον = βάθριον, corresp. to Lat. scamnum) step placed before the bed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 5ᵈ bottom of the page שומט קלבינטרין וכ׳ (edition Lehm. קרביטין, correct accordingly; Musafia in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) קלבינטירין, other edition קלבינטר׳; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קליבנטירין) he detaches the footstool from the state-bed (דרגש), and that is enough (as a sign of mourning); Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 7, end, 40ᶜ קלונטרון edition Krot. (Musafia the passage cited קלינטרין, correct accordingly); Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᵃ top קלמנטרין (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קלבסים , see קְלִוְוסִין ↗ original

קְלַבְרִיאָה Calabria, the peninsula in the south-east of Italy. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵃ; Bereshith Rabbah section 23, end בראשונה עלה עד ק׳ וכ׳ the first time the flood rose as far as Calabria, the second time as far as the rocks etc., see בַּרְבַּרְיָא. ↗ original

קַלְגָּס (caliga, accus. plural) soldier’s nail-studded shoe.—plural קַלְגָּסִים, קַלְגָּסִין. Sotah 8, 1 שפעת הק׳ the noise of the trampling shoes; Sifré Deuteronomy 192 עקלגסים (correct accordingly; variant reading גַּלְגָּסִין, see גַּלִּיגָאס). ↗ original

קלגריפון , see קלִּיגְרָפוֹן ↗ original

קְלַד , Af. אַקְלֵיד (denominative of אַקֶלִידָא) to lock up, insert the key Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיקְּלִיד to be inserted like a key; to be swallowed up, disappear. Chullin 93ᵇ אִיקְּלוּדֵי מִיקְּלִיד (or אַקְלוּדֵי; Manuscript Rome אַקְלִידֵי; Manuscript Rome 2 קַלּוּדֵי מִקְּלַד, or מְקַלַּד; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 4) the sinew disappears in the flesh. ↗ original

קלדה , see קַלְרָהִי ↗ original

קַלָּה 1 , fem. of קַל. ↗ original

קַלָּה 2 Ḳallah, name of a servant of R. Judah the Nasi. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, 60ᵈ ק׳ דרומא. ↗ original

קָלָה 1 voice, see קָלָא. ↗ original

קָלָה 2 , see קלי ↗ original

קְלוּבְקרִין , see גְּלוּפְקְרִין ↗ original

קַלּוּדַיָּא (calida) hot drink of wine and water, kept in a large bowl (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word); [the spelling קלור׳ induced by Latin calor]. Vayikra Rabbah section 5 קלוד׳ edition Vilna edition (other editions קלור׳); Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 קלור׳; Yalkut Shimoni Amos 545 קלור׳. ↗ original

קִלְוָואן (κελεύων) commanding. Bereshith Rabbah section 63 אנא ק׳ אנא וכ׳ I do order that etc.—[the same place (ibid.) יהיב קילוון, see next article]—plural קִלְוָואנִין, קִלְוָונִ׳, קִילְ׳. Vayikra Rabbah section 25 ק׳ אנא וכ׳ (not קלווניא) we do order that etc.; Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 20.—[Echah Rabbah to 1, 5 קלוונין דידי, see next article] ↗ original

קלוויא , see קוּלְיָא I ↗ original

קִלְוָון , see קִלְוָואן ↗ original

קלווסים , see next word ↗ original

קְלִוְוסִין (κέλευσις) command. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 9, end, 41ᶜ נפקת ק׳ וכ׳ (not סים …) an order was issued by the king etc. Pesikta Rabbati section 10 כבר הוצאתי קלווני׳ עליו וכ׳ (correct accordingly) I have once issued a decree concerning him that they should ‘lift up’ his head etc. the same place (ibid.) יכולה קילוילוסיו שלך קיימת וכ׳ (read: קילווסין) thy decree may stand, and yet thy son may remain in his place (rank) uninjured. the same place (ibid.) ונמצא ק׳ שלך קיימת וכ׳ (not סים …) and thus thy decree will be upheld, and high rank will be thy son’section Bereshith Rabbah section 5 נלך ונעשה ק׳ של הקב"ה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קילוסין להקב"ה, correct accordingly) let us go and carry out the Lord’s command. Echah Rabbah to 5, 5 אדריינוס … אפיק ק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (see Matt. K. ad loc. (on the passage); different interpretation or differently interpreted in edition) Hadrian … issued a decree. the same place (ibid.) to 1, 5 בגין דעברת על קלוונין דידי (correct accordingly) whereas thou hast disobeyed my order. Bereshith Rabbah section 63 אנא יהיב קילוון וכ׳ (correct accordingly) I give out an order etc. Vayikra Rabbah section 7 נימוס וקלוסים הוא וכ׳ (correct accordingly; some edition נ׳ ק׳ correct accordingly; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) נ׳ הוא וקילוסין הוא) it is a custom and a decree that he etc.—[Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Abbahu 2) קלבסים Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קלסים); Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 363 קלווסי׳, see קְלִירוֹס.] ↗ original

קִלּוּחַ , see sub קִילּ׳. ↗ original

קלולי , Tosefta Parah 3 (2), 4 variant reading, see קָלָל ↗ original

קלומית , see קְרוֹמִית ↗ original

קָלוֹן 1 degradation, disgrace, opposite כָּבוֹד. Bereshith Rabbah section 1, and elsewhere בקְלוֹן חבירו, see כָּבֵד I. Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 29 המכבד … שנפטר ממנו בק׳ he that honors his fellow-man for the sake of wealth, will finally part with him in disgrace. Sanhedrin 55ᵃ (of an animal that has been carnally abused) תקלה וק׳ בעינן (to condemn it to death) is it necessary that it must have been both a stumbling-block (cause of a scandal) and a disgrace (to the criminal and his survivors)? the same place (ibid.) זה קָלוֹנוֹ … קלונו מועט in this case (of a Jew being the criminal) his disgrace is great, and in the other (that of a gentile) his disgrace is little (it being not unusual). the same place (ibid.) והרי אילנות דאין קָלוֹנָן וכ׳ but in the case of trees (that have been worshipped and must be destroyed) the disgrace through them is not great, and yet etc. Esther Rabbah introduction to Parah 3, see קוּא; and frequently—Esp. prostitution, house of prostitution; sodomy. Echah Rabbah to 1, 16 אספסיאנוס … להושיבן בק׳ של רומי Vespasian filled three ships with the nobles of Jerusalem to place them in the Roman houses of prostitution. the same place (ibid.) to 4, 2 תינוק אחד … בק׳ a Jewish boy is in prison doomed to prostitution; Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 3, 48ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) שניהם עומדין בק׳ וכ׳ if a man and a woman are (in prison) threatened with exposure to prostitution, the redemption of the man has the precedence etc.; and frequently—Transferred idolatrous statue or temple. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ top (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) כד דמך … נפל ק׳ דטיבריא when R. H. died, the idol (or temple) of Tiberias fell in (compare טִימִי I). ↗ original

קָלוֹן 2 (קָלָה 2) combustion. Bamidbar Rabbah section 11 (play on קלין, Proverbs 3, 35). ירימו בחלקם ק׳ … לאש they shall carry off combustion as their share, because finally they will go into fire; ואין ק׳ אלא שריפה וכ׳ ḳalon means burning (referring to Jeremiah 29, 22).—[Bava Bathra 99ᵇ בית הק׳, see קִילוֹן.] ↗ original

קַלּוֹן (calo) I proclaim. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᶜ top, see דיאו. ↗ original

קלונטרון , see קְלִיבִּינְטִירִין ↗ original

קָלוֹנְיָא , see קָלָנְיָא ↗ original

קלונינפי , see נִינְפֵי ↗ original

קָלוֹנִית (קָלוֹן 1) brothel-keeper. Ylamdenu to Genesis 43, 14 אמרו זה לזה נלך אצל הק׳ וכ׳ (not חקול׳, הקיל׳) they (Joseph’s brothers) said to one another, let us go to the brothel-keeper’s, perhaps he has been sold thither. ↗ original

קלוניתא , see קְלִנְתְּיָא ↗ original

קִלּוּס , see sub קִילּ׳. ↗ original

קלוסטור , see קְלַסְטֵיר I ↗ original

קְלוֹסְטְרָא , see גְּלוֹסְטְרָא ↗ original

קְלוֹסְטְרִין , see קְלוּסַנְטְרִין ↗ original

קלוסים , Vayikra Rabbah section 7, see קְלִוְוסִיס. ↗ original

קלוסיתה , see קוּלְסִיתָא ↗ original

קְלוּסְקָא , see גְּלוּסְקָא ↗ original

קְלוּסְקוֹם = גְּלוּסְקוֹם. Oholoth 9, 15 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition ג׳, not גלוסקוס). ↗ original

קְלוּסְקִין , see גְּלוּסְקָא ↗ original

קלוע , Targum I Kings 14, 3 some edition, read: זְלוּעַ. ↗ original

קִלּוּפָא , see sub קִילּ׳. ↗ original

קְלוֹפָא , plural קְלוֹפִין (קְלַף) peel, husks. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 6, 4 [read:] מִקְּ׳, see מקלופין. ↗ original

קְלוּפַטְרָא , see קְלִיאוֹפַטְרָא ↗ original

קְלוּפִיתָא (קְלַף) peel, husk; thin skin (gut for sausages).—plural קְלוּפְיָיתָא, קְלוּפְיָיתָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ bottom of the page כד מבחר בק׳ when he makes a selection from among the guts; the same place (ibid.) בקלופיתיה (correct accordingly). [Levy, Neuhebr. Wört. quotes קְלִיפַיָּיא.] ↗ original

קְלוּפְסִין , see כְּלוּפְסִין ↗ original

קלוקלון , see קִילְקִלִּין ↗ original

קְלוּקַסְיָה , see קוֹלְקַסְיָיא ↗ original

קלורוס , Yoma 84ᵃ, see קלירוס ↗ original

קלוריא , see קַלּוּדַיָּא ↗ original

קִלּוּרִין , see קִילּוּר, a. קִילָּרִין. ↗ original

קִלּוּרִית , see sub קילּ׳. ↗ original

קַלּוּת (קַל 2) lightness, swiftness. Tanchuma Vayḥi 16; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 161 קַלּוּתוֹ של איל the swiftness of the hart; and elsewhere—ק׳ ראש (or supply (understood word) ראש) light-mindedness, irreverence, disregard of custom. Kethuboth 8ᵇ ונהג ק׳ בעצמו וכ׳ and set the example of disregard of custom through himself (inaugurated simplicity at burial), when (according to his request) they buried him in linen garments; Moed Katan 27ᵇ ק׳ ראש; Tosefta Niddah 9, 17 הנהיג … ק׳ ר׳ וכ׳. Sukkah 51ᵇ והיו באים לידי ק׳ ר׳ and they were led into irreverence (through the presence of women); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 1. Avoth 3, 13 שחוק וק׳ ר׳ מרגילין וכ׳ laughter and frivolity make man familiar with unchastity. Tanchuma Miḳḳ. 9 שלא ינהוג ק׳ ר׳ בגבורה lest man become irreverent towards the Almighty. ↗ original

קלותא , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᵈ top, see קוּלְתָא ↗ original

קָלַח (denominative of קֶלַח) to rise in a column. Bava Kamma 61ᵃ בקוֹלַחַת, see קָדַח. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִילֵּחַ to bring forth an uninterrupted jet, cause an uninterrupted flow; to splash. Avodah Zarah 12ᵃ פרצופות המְקַלְּחִין, see פַּרְצוֹף. Tosefta Eruvin 9 (6), 23 המְקַלֵּחַ, see צִנּוֹר. Kerithoth 22ᵃ כל זמן שמקלח as long as the blood gushes forth, see תַּמְצִית; and frequently to cause gushing forth by interposing an object, to dam in and cause an overflow. Eduy. 7, 4; Zevachim 25ᵇ זוחלין שקִילְּחָן וכ׳ dripping liquids caused to overflow in a continuous current by a dam of burs of nuts. (of locusts) to come in dense columns. Tosefta Shabbath 12 (13), 5; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 14, beginning 14ᵇ; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 106ᵇ אם היו מְקַלְּחוֹת ובאות if they come on in dense columns. to collect (coins in a tube). Tosefta Shekalim 3, 2; 4, and the following כהנים מקלחין אזתן (variant reading מקבלין) the priests collect these moneys (put them in a horn, see שׁוֹפָר). ↗ original

קְלַח , Pa'el קַלַּח Chaldaic (Aramaic) same, to cast with force, (of trees) to shed fruit prematurely. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 26, 20. ↗ original

קֶלַח (compare קִילָא 2, a. קוּלִית) tube, stem, stalk. Kethuboth 111ᵇ, and frequently ק׳ של כרוב a cabbage stalk; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵇ top ק׳ אחד של חרדל a mustard stalk. Pesachim 39ᵇ אק׳ referring to the stalk (of the herbs mentioned); and frequently—plural קְלָחִים, construct state קִלְחֵי, קִילְ׳; קוֹלְחוֹת, קִילְחוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 3, 28ᵈ bottom of the page בעושה ק׳ יחידים when planting single stalks, opposite רצף. Parah 11, 9. Peah 3, 2. the same place (ibid.) 5 המוכר קלחי אילן וכ׳ if a man sells the stems of plants in his field (without selling the soil); and elsewhere—Menachoth 10, 4 (66ᵃ) בקנים ובקליחות וכ׳ (read: ובקיל׳; Babylonian edition ובקולחות; Mishnah Cambr. ובקִלְחוֹת, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 4) they threshed it with reeds and stalks of plants (instead of using flails); Vayikra Rabbah section 28; Pesikta Rabbati section 18 ובקולח׳; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Haʿomer, p. 69ᵃ ובקלקת (correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 643 ובקו׳. Eruvin 16ᵃ קו׳ (edition Soncino קי׳); and elsewhere (of liquids) column, jet. Tohoroth 2, 1 ספק שהק׳ וכ׳ if there is a doubt whether the jet touched her hand. Tosefta T’bul Yom 2, 9; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִלְחָא , stalk, stem. Chullin 119ᵃ בקל׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בקו׳) the stem (of the plants) is meant.—plural קִלְחִין, קִי׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 19, 18. ↗ original

קַלַּחַת the preceding words) flesh-pot. Bava Bathra 74ᵃ כבשר בק׳ as flesh is turned in the pot. ↗ original

קָלַט (Biblical Hebrew) [to surround,] to close, press.—participle passive קָלוּט; feminine קְלוּטָה; plural קְלוּטִים; קְלוּטיֹת. Sifra Emor, Parah 7, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 7 (explained קלוט, Leviticus 22, 23) פרסוֹת וכ׳ an animal whose hoofs resemble those of a horse etc.; Bechoroth 6, 7 (40ᵃ) שרגליו ק׳ וכ׳. Bechoroth 6ᵃ פרסותיה ק׳ its hoofs are closed, opposite סדוקות cloven. the same place (ibid.) 7, 6 אצבעותיו … או ק׳ וכ׳ if his fingers lie one above the other or are grown together up to the root (פֶּרֶק). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, 23ᵈ; and elsewhere—In gen. קָלוּט an animal with uncloven hoofs (having the sign of uncleanness) born of a clean animal, monster or hybrid. Bechoroth 7ᵃ ק׳ בן פרה a ḳaluṭ born of a cow; Chullin 68ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ במעי פרה a ḳaluṭ found in a cow (after ritual slaughtering); the same place (ibid.) 69ᵃ. Shabbath 67ᵃ זרעיך כק׳ וכפרדה וכ׳ thy seed be like a ḳ. and like a mule etc. (Rashi: ‘like one whose semen is locked up’); and elsewhere to clutch, intercept, receive; to conceive, retain, absorb. Chullin 65ᵃ כל עוף הקוֹלֵט מן האויר וכ׳ any bird that snatches in the air (for things thrown to it) is unclean. Bereshith Rabbah section 41 אינה קוֹלֶטֶת, see פֶּרֶד 2. Kerithoth 5ᵃ וק׳ את הריח and the oil retained (absorbed) the scent. Bereshith Rabbah section 5 קְלָטָן הים the sea absorbed them (the waters of the rivers); Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 848 קְלָטָם. Avoth 5, 15 שמוציאה את היין וקולטת וכ׳ which passes the wine and retains the lees; שמוציאה … וק׳ את הסולת which passes the common flour and retains the fine flour (see צוּף). Sanhedrin 108ᵇ כל שהתיבה קוֹלַטְתּוֹ whatever animal the ark received. Shabbath 1, 6 כדי שיִקְלוֹט העין when there is time enough before the Sabbath for the wool to assume the color of the dye. Vayikra Rabbah section 14 אין האשה קולטת וכ׳ a woman conceives only shortly after menstruation. Shevi'ith 2, 6 כל הרכבה שאינה קולטת וכ׳ a grafting which does not take root within three days, will never do so; and very frequently—Shemoth Rabbah section 1 ק׳ דרך וכ׳ he (Moses) adopted the manner of his ancestors (finding wives at the well); Tanchuma Sh’moth 10 לקח.—Esp. (see מִקְלָט) to protect, give the shelter of an asylum. Makkoth 12ᵃ אינו קולט אלא גגו only the top of the altar protects him that flees to it; אינו קולט … עולמים only the altar of the permanent sanctuary (in Jerusalem) offers protection; אינו קולט אלא כהן וכ׳ protects only the priest while at service etc. the same place (ibid.) אינה קולטת אלא בצר only Bezer is an asylum (but not Bozrah). the same place (ibid.)ᵇ פלכו קוֹלְטוֹ his (the Levite’s) district protects him. the same place (ibid.) עיר שקְלָטַתּוּ כבר a town which has received him once before. Sifré Numbers 160 אין לי אלא שקוֹלְטוֹת בארץ this would indicate only that they (these cities) offer asylum for manslaughter committed in Palestine. the same place (ibid.) לא קָלְטָה אחת מהם עד וכ׳ none of those cities had the right of asylum until all of them had been designated; and frequently—Makkoth 10ᵃ מנין … קוֹלְטִין whence do you learn that the words of the Law offer protection (to its students)?; the same place (ibid.) קולטין ממלאך וכ׳ they protect from the angel of death. (of sacred precincts) to retain; to make export illegal. the same place (ibid.) 19ᵇ קְלָטוּהוּ מחיצות the sacred precincts have retained it (and it cannot be redeemed and taken out of Jerusalem again); the same place (ibid.) 20ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) מחיצה לִקְלוֹט דרבנן that the precincts have retaining power is merely a rabbinical enactment; Sanhedrin 113ᵃ; Bava Metzia 53ᵇ.—participle passive as ab. Shabbath 4ᵃ, and frequently קלוטה כמי שהונחה דמיא, see נוּחַ. ↗ original

קְלַט to close.—participle passive קָלִיט, pl. קְלִיטִין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 21, 20. to clutch, intercept, receive; to absorb. Chullin 65ᵃ ציפרתי נמי מִקְלַט קָלְטָא the tsipparti, too, snaps at things in the air (and yet it is a clean bird). Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 3, beginning 29ᵈ דיִקְלוֹט, see צִבְעָא I; and frequently—Meïl. 11ᵇ, see below. to offer an asylum, protect. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 35, 6; and elsewhere (of sacred precincts) to retain. Pesachim 52ᵃ אטו גבא דחמרא קַלְטִינְהוּ (not אגבא) does the back of the ass (on which the fruit was brought to the place) form a sacred precinct (so that it cannot be exported again)? Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיקְּלַט, אִיקְּלִיט to be received, intercepted. Sukkah 49ᵇ בדא׳ when the remnant of the libation poured into the depth was intercepted in a vessel; Meïl. 11ᵇ דאי קְלַט (קתני) it refers to a case when one intercepted the libation (see Rashi a. Tosafoth for variant reading Lect.). ↗ original

קַלְטָא (the preceding) reception, asylum. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 35, 25, and the following קַלְטֵיה (Hebrew text מקלטו). ↗ original

קָלְטָא (the preceding) receiving, protecting. — plural קָלְטַן. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 35, 11; 13, and the following ↗ original

קִלְטָא (the preceding words; compare סָפַג, בְּלַע) [absorbing,] receiving punishment. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 2, 4ᵃ top חבוט … דהוא טבא בק׳ go on beating, for there is a benefit in taking it (it will teach me a lesson); Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵈ bottom of the page בקִלְטָה; Bereshith Rabbah section 7; Tanchuma Huḳḳ. 6; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 23; Pesikta Rabbati section 14 בקליטי, read: בקִילְטִי; the same place (ibid.) בקליטה (correct accordingly); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Parah, p. 35ᵇ, and the following בקילתא (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קָלָטוֹר (calator) an officer arranging the royal receptions. Vayikra Rabbah section 28; Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 11, and elsewhere, see קוֹמֵיס. ↗ original

קלטיקה , read: לֶקְטִיקָה or קְלֶקְטִיקָה masculine (see גְּלוּגְדְּקָא) (the teacher’s) litter in college or synagogue. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, 73ᵈ bottom of the page ↗ original

קַלֵּי (καλή) handsome. Shemoth Rabbah section 52, end, and elsewhere, see נִינְפֵי. ↗ original

קַלִּי adverb (apocop. of קליל), ק׳ ק׳ little by little, slowly. Eruvin 51ᵃ כי מסגי ק׳ ק׳ when he walks step by step, opposite רהט. Shabbath 153ᵇ דוקא רץ אבל ק׳ ק׳ לא only when one runs (is it permitted), but when one walks leisurely is it not? ↗ original

קלי (Biblical Hebrew) to be light, disregarded. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִלָּה, קִילָּה (by referring to ונקלה, Deuteronomy 25, 3) to disgrace (one’s self), to have loose bowels; to collapse under the lashes. Makkoth 23ᵃ ק׳ בין בראשונה וכ׳ if he collapses either at the first or at the second lash, he must be released. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) V (4), 14 אם קי׳ באחד מהן if he collapsed at one of them. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ עד שלא לקה if he collapsed (from fear) before receiving lashes. the same place (ibid.) אמדוהו שאם ילקה וקי׳ (variant reading יקלקל) if the experts opine that he will collapse, when he is lashed; שאם יוצא מב"ד קי׳ (variant reading וקלקל) that he will collapse on leaving the court; Makkoth the passage cited יְקַלֶּה Munich manuscript (or יִקָּלֶה; edition קלה). the same place (ibid.) והכהו … ולא שיקלה כבר וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition שלקה, correct accordingly; variant reading שנִקְלָה) we read, ‘lest if he should exceed …, thy brother be disgraced’, but he must not be beaten at all, if he has collapsed in court ere this; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 937 שנקלה וכ׳; and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְלָה to be disgraced. the same place (ibid.) כפתוהו … מ"ט ונקלה והא נ׳ if he runs away from court after they have tied him, he is released; why? The text says, v’niḳlah, and he has been disgraced; Makkoth the passage cited Munich manuscript (not in edition), see above; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְלֵי , to be disgraced. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 25, 3 ויִקְלֵי manuscript 3 (edition Berlin edition ויִקַּל, other edition ויֵקַל, frequently קְלַל). Pa'el . קַלֵּי, Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְלֵי to hold in light esteem, revile. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 27, 16 דִּיקַלֵּי edition Berlin edition (other edition דיַקְלֵי; edition Vienna edition דיִקְלֵי, correct accordingly; Regia דיֵקַל frequently קְלל; see Berlin edition Targum Onkelos 2, p. 57). ↗ original

קלי ² to consume, burn; to roast, parch. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Chaldaic (Aramaic) 14, Parah 13 אפשר יִקְלֶנּוּ גרש the text might have meant that one must parch it as grit; יקלנו אביב one must parch it in the ear. Pesachim 75ᵃ ונִקְלֶהָ, see next word—participle passive קָלוּי. Sifra the passage cited, see קָלִי. Menachoth 66ᵇ אם אביב ק׳ אם גרש ק׳ whether parched in the ear or as grit; and elsewhere *. הִתְקַלֶּה to consume one’s self in longing. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 11 מִתְקַלְהָא, see קָהָה. ↗ original

קְלֵי ² Targum Jeremiah 29, 22. Targum Onkelos Numbers 21, 6 חיוין קָלָן (Hebrew text הנחשים השרפים); and frequently—[Targum Hosea 9, 16 דקלא, read as edition Lagarde edition דילְקָא.]—participle passive קְלֵי, קָלִי; קַלְיָא. Targum Leviticus 2, 14. Targum I Samuel 30, 3; and elsewhere—Pesachim 75ᵃ נקיף … ונִיקַלְיָיהּ Munich manuscript (edition ונקלה) (may we not understand the text so) that we put bundles of twigs around her and burn her to death? Bava Metzia 74ᵃ הא מחוסר מִקְלֵי ואפוקי וכ׳ (some edition מִקְלֵה) but it (the lime) lacks burning and taking out of the kiln and crushing! Sanhedrin 31ᵃ, and the following אי בעיא קלְתֵיה if she wanted, she might have burned it (the document). Chullin 52ᵇ לא קָלֵי זיהריה, see זִיהֲרָא 2. Avodah Zarah 28ᵃ קְלַנְהִי אמרא וכ׳ roast them on a new shovel. Sanhedrin 96ᵇ היכלא קליא קְלִית a burnt temple thou didst burn (see טְחַן); and frequently—Transferred to expose to the evil eye or to the covetousness of thieves. Bava Metzia 30ᵃ דמִקְלָא קָלֵי לה וכ׳ (by exhibiting the found object) he exposes it to loss through the evil eye or through thieves. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיקְּלֵי to be burnt. Sanhedrin the passage cited מטא … היכלא מִיקְּלֵי the time has arrived for the sanctuary to be destroyed and the Temple to be burnt. ↗ original

קָלִי the preceding) parched ears. Menachoth 10, 4 (66ᵃ) כדי לקיים בו מצות ק׳ in order to comply with the law requiring it to be parched (Leviticus 2, 14); Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Chaldaic (Aramaic) 14, Parah 13 קָלוּי (see קָלָה 2). Menachoth 66ᵇ אין לשון ק׳ אלא דבר אחר Munich manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note, a. Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 456) by ḳoli (parched) we understand the intercession of something else between the fire and the object to be affected by it; קליל וכ׳ (דבר) ל"א אין לשון ק׳ אלא another version reads: by ḳoli we understand, parched in a vessel (in something hollow); how is this? A tube for parching grain was there etc. Sifra Emor Chaldaic (Aramaic) 11, Parah 10 קמח ק׳ flour made of parched grain; Menachoth 10, 5 קמח וק׳ (Babylonian edition 67ᵇ קמח ק׳); Pesachim 10ᵇ bottom of the page קמח וק׳ (correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) 11ᵃ מק׳ ואילך from the time the grain is parched and onward (when the soft grain is unfit for immediate consumption); עד ק׳ up to the time when grain can be parched; Menachoth 68ᵃ. Shabbath 155ᵇ אין גובלין את הק׳ you must not mix flour of parched grains (with oil etc., on the Sabbath). Tosefta Pesachim 2 (3), 4 ק׳ שירד לתוכו דלף (not לתוכה) parched grain on which drippings have fallen; and frequently—plural קְלָיוֹת, קְלָאִים, קְלָאִין. Menachoth 66ᵇ אבוב של ק׳ (not אביב); Kelim 2, 3; Sifra Vayikra, the passage cited; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 456, see אַבּוּב. Kethuboth 2, 1 חלוק ק׳, see חִילּוּק. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 28ᵇ top בתולה … אין לה חילוק ק׳ at the wedding of a virgin that had been married before, no distribution of roasted ears takes place; and frequently ↗ original

קָלִי ² Targum Leviticus 23, 14 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Amsterdam edition קְלִי). Targum Ruth 2, 14. Targum I Samuel 17, 17 (some edition קָלְיָא). the same place (ibid.) 25, 18 (edition Vilna edition קָלַיָּא plural).—5. קוּלְיָא I. ↗ original

קַלְיָא 2 (the preceding words) fiery (poisonous) serpent. Targum Onkelos Numbers 21, 8. ashes of an alkaline plant, see קוּלְיָא 2. ↗ original

קְלִיאוֹפַטְרָא Cleopatra, queen of Egypt. Niddah 30ᵇ ק׳ מלכה אלכסנדרוס (read: מ׳ אלכסנדרית or מלכת אלכסנדריא) C. the queen of Alexandria; the same place (ibid.) קלפטרא מלכת יוונית (correct accordingly); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 17 גלפטרה מלכת אלכנדריס edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (other edition גלופטרא … אלכסנדרית, קלופטרא). ↗ original

קְלִיבוֹסֶת (compare כַּלְבּוּס) the lowest end of the vertebrae, coccyx. Shabbath 152ᵃ (explained השקד, Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 5) זו ק׳ that means the coccyx (see לוּז 2). ↗ original

קְלִיבוּסְתָּא Chullin 93ᵃ תרבא דאַקְּ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition דק׳) the fat on the coccyx. ↗ original

קליבסים , see קְלִוְוסִין ↗ original

קַלִּיגְרָפוֹן (καλλιγραφῶν) [fine writer,] name of a baker’s tool resembling the stylus, with one pointed end to pick up the bread, called ‘the tooth’, and one flat and broad end to scrape the ashes out (see גָּרַף), called ‘the palm.’ Kelim 13, 2 ק׳ שניטלה כפה וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קוליגריפון; edition Dehr. קלגריפון) a ḳ. that has lost its palm, is susceptible to uncleanness on account of its tooth etc. (see Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 3, 7, quoted under the word צִנּוֹרָא 3). ↗ original

קַלִּיד , see כַּלִּיד ↗ original

קְלִידָא , see אַקְלִידָא ↗ original

קָלִיט (קָלַט) suction, (with יַם or יַמָּא) gorge. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 5, 10ᶜ bottom of the page קָלִיטוֹ של ים (not שלים) the gorge (resorbing the rivers flowing into the sea); in a transferred sense a certain form of usury (τόκος ναυτικός, fenus nauticum, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 3ʳᵈ edition London 1890, under the word Fenus, a. Lübker Reallex. under the word Ἔμπορος, a. Zinsen), the creditor advancing money on a ship load at his own risk in case of shipwreck, explained the same place (ibid.) בר נש דיהיב לחבריה מהו דינרין כגון אילין דיהבין וכ׳ if one advances a certain number of Denars to his neighbor in the same manner as those who give goods etc., see קסוסטבן.—plural (Chaldaic (Aramaic)) קְלִיטִין. Bereshith Rabbah section 5 (explained עד נבכי ים, Job 38, 16) עד ק׳ דימא (some edition קְלוּטִין) to the gorges of the sea; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 848 קטלא (read: קָלִיטָא or קָלְטָא). ↗ original

קְלִיטָה (קָלַט) receiving, offering an asylum. Makkoth 13ᵃ מר סבר לכם לק׳ וכ׳ one scholar is of the opinion, ‘unto you’ (Numbers 35, 12) means yours merely as an asylum (מקלט, where the refugees have to support themselves), the other is of the opinion, ‘yours’ for all your needs.—2) (of a graft) taking root. Rosh Hashanah 10ᵇ ↗ original

קליטה , Pesikta Rabbati section 14, see קִלְטָא ↗ original

קָלִיל (see קוֹלָא) [something hollow,] receptacle. Menachoth 66ᵇ, see קָלִי.—plural (of קְלִילִית) קְלִילִיּוֹת. Tosefta Parah 3 (2), 4, see קָלָל. ↗ original

קַלִּיל 1 (see next word) a little, a short while. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 24, 17 (edition Amsterdam edition קַלֵּיל). Targum Proverbs 6, 10. the same place (ibid.) 15, 16 (edition Vilna edition קָ׳). the same place (ibid.) 16, 8 (edition Vilna edition קָלֵיל). the same place (ibid.) 5, 14 (not כ׳). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 17, 4; and frequently—Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 9 עביד עימיה אויר ק׳ he spent with him a short moment of rest. ↗ original

קַלִּיל 2 common gender = Hebrew קַל, light of weight; quick. Targum 2 Samuel 2, 18. Targum Proverbs 19, 2 (edition Vilna edition קָלֵיל). Targum Jeremiah 2, 23; and frequently—Gittin 56ᵃ חייא ק׳ ממיתא a live body is lighter than a dead one. Chullin 16ᵇ בעופא דק׳ in the case of a bird, which is of light weight. Sanhedrin 46ᵇ כמאן דאמר ק׳ לי עלמא Munich manuscript (edition קִיל) as one says, the world is light to me (meaning to say, I feel heavy); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 23ᵈ bottom of the page, see קָלַל; and elsewhere slight, of little esteem; little, small (in numbers); easy. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 18, 22 (edition Amsterdam edition קָלִ׳). Targum Lamentations 3, 28. Targum Jeremiah 3, 9 (Hebrew text קֹל!). Targum 2 Kings 3, 18. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 24, 15; and frequently—Bava Kamma 6ᵇ, see לִישָׁן. Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 1, 49ᶜ top הדא … ק׳ וכ׳ the opinion of R. M. is more lenient than that of R. J.; and elsewhere—plural קַלִּילִין, קַלִּילַיָּא; קַלִּילָן, קְ׳. Targum Isaiah 18, 2. Targum Lamentations 4, 19. Targum 2 Chronicles 29, 34. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 14, 32; and frequently—Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 18 אכל מלין ק׳ he ate light things (easy to digest), opposite בורין coarse things. ↗ original

קַלִּילוּ (the preceding) lightness, rapidity. Targum Zechariah 5, 7; 9. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 29, 1. a little. the same place (ibid.) 43, 2, see קַלִּיל I. ↗ original

קלינטרין , see קְלִבִּינְטִירִין ↗ original

קְלִיסְטַנְרִ־ (corruption of questionarius) executioner. Avodah Zarah 18ᵃ Munich manuscript, see קָלַסְטוֹר. ↗ original

קליסטרא , Shabbath 123ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קְלוֹסְטְרָא ↗ original

קְלִיסְטְרִין , see קְלוּסַנְטְרִין ↗ original

קְלִיסְיָיא Ḳ’lisia (?). Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 4, 46ᵃ ↗ original

קְלִיעָא , see קְלִיעֲתָא.—[Eruvin 63ᵇ edition Cost., see קִלְעָא I.] ↗ original

קְלִיעָה (קָלַע 2) twist, network; screen. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 8, 51ᵇ top אילו אמר חוט … ק׳ שלשה וכ׳ if the text (Exodus 26, 31) had the word ḥuṭ, it would mean a double thread, if ḳ’liʿah, a triple thread etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 3, 53ᶜ bottom of the page; Sifra Emor Parah 12, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 16, see עָבוֹת. Yoma 67ᵇ (explained קלען במקלעות, Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 6, 7) כמין ק׳ he intertwined the limbs of the animals so as to form a network. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵇ top (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.), see עַבְיָא.—Transferred band, league. Pesikta Rabbati section 33 (referring to עבתים, Ezekiel 31, 3) משעה … ק׳ אחת להכעיס וכ׳ as soon as the whole world became one league to provoke the Lord, he (Ashur) left their council etc.—plural קְלִיעוֹת. Eduy. 3, 4 כל הק׳ וכ׳ all networks (woven sheets) are clean etc. Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 713, see קוֹלְיָינִין. ↗ original

קְלִיעֲתָא , network, plait; also carved relief work. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 28, 14; 22 (Hebrew text עֲבֹת).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, end, 24ᶜ, see מַקְלִיעֲתָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, end, 25ᵈ בקַלְעִיתָא דשערה by the plait of her hair; and elsewhere—plural קְלִיעָן, קְלִיעָתָא, קַלְעֲיָתָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 28, 24, and the following Targum I Kings 6, 29; 32. the same place (ibid.) 7, 31 קְלִיעִין.—Shabbath 95ᵃ; Berachoth 61ᵃ, and elsewhere, see בִּנְיָיתָא; Bereshith Rabbah section 18, beginning קִלְעָתָא; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְלֵיף , see קְלַף ↗ original

קְלִיפָא , see קלְפָא, קְלוּפִיתָא, a. next word ↗ original

קְלִיפָה (קָלַף) peeling, scaling. Pesachim 76ᵃ סגי ליה בק׳ it is sufficiently remedied by paring the surface. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ מיהא ניבעי let it at least be pared; and elsewhere scale, husk, skin. Sanhedrin 95ᵇ שריון ק׳ (= ש׳ קשקשים, I Samuel 17, 5) a scaly coat of mail. Niddah 3, 2; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 2 המפלת מין ק׳ an abortion that has the appearance of a mass of membranes. Oholoth 6, 5, and the following כקְלִיפַת השום as thin as the husk of garlic. Avodah Zarah 76ᵃ עד שתשיר קְלִיפָתָן until the crusty accretion of the vessels falls off (by exposure to heat); and frequently—Bechoroth 58ᵃ כל … כק׳ השום וכ׳ all Jewish scholars appear to me (as paltry) as the husk of garlic, except etc.—[Bereshith Rabbah section 82 קליפת בצלים, see קְלַף.]—plural קְלִיפוֹת, קְלִיפִים, קְלִיפין. Tosefta Niddah 4, 3 כמין קליפין אדומין (masc.); כמין קליפות אדומות the appearance of red membranes. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 11 מה אגוז … שתי ק׳ וכ׳ as the nut has two shells etc. Shabbath 9, 5 קְלִיפֵי רמונים shells of pomegranates. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 5, end, 43ᵈ קילפי איסור (read: קליפי) shells of forbidden fruits. Bamidbar Rabbah section 12, see קֶטֶב; and elsewhere—Pesachim 112ᵇ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) מאן דמדרך אקליפים (some edition אקְלִיפַיָּא; Munich manuscript אקליפי דבצים) he that treads on egg-shells.—[In later mystic literature קליפה, pronounced קְלִיפָּה, a certain class of demons, compare Bamidbar Rabbah the passage cited] ↗ original

קליקין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 6, 55ᵇ top, see קִילְקִי ↗ original

*קְלִירוֹס (κλῆρος) lot, destiny. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 10, 10 אין הרשע מפיל בק׳ שלו וכ׳ Rashi to Psalms the passage cited (edition בקולרים, edition Buber edition בקילורין, correct accordingly) the wicked man involves in his own evil destiny none but wicked strong men like himself (referring to Daniel 3, 20).—plural קְלִירוֹסִין, קְלִירְסִין. Bereshith Rabbah section 58 (referring to חברון and קרית ארבע) שהוא עולה בקרסין של וכ׳ (some edition a. Matt. K. בקרנסין, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בקורנס׳, ‘Rashi’ בקינסרין; correct accordingly) for Hebron came up in the lot of (was in turn assigned to) four owners, first to Judah etc. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Abbahu 2) בשעה שהפלתי קלבסים וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קלסים, read קלירסים) when I cast lots upon the nations to exile them etc. (referring to Ezekiel 24, 6 גורל); Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 363 קלווסי׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קלירוס , a word in an incantation. Yoma 84ᵃ, see כנתי ↗ original

קָלִישׁ , see קְלַשׁ ↗ original

קָלָל (see קָלִיל) a vessel, especially the pitcher containing the ashes of the red cow. Parah 3, 3; 10, 3 ק׳ של חטאת the vessel containing the ashes for lustration; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 9 (10), 5; and elsewhere—plural קְלָלוֹת. Parah 10, 4. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3 (2), 4 קְלִילִיּוֹת (variant reading קלולי; Rabbenu Shimshon to Parah 3, 3 קילולות, correct accordingly). ↗ original

קָלָל ² Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 19, 9. ↗ original

קָלַל (Biblical Hebrew) [to swing] to be light, slender, unimportant.—participle קַל. Sanhedrin 6, 5 (referring to קללת, Deuteronomy 21, 23) בזמן … קַלַּנִי מראשי וכ׳ when man suffers punishment, what does the Shekhinah say? ‘I am lighter than my head, than my arm’ (euphem. for, I feel my head heavy etc.); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 23ᵈ bottom of the page אנן תנינן קַלֵּינִי (= קל איני) we read ḳalleni, I am not lighter; אית תניי תני קל אני some Tannai reads ḳal ăni; מאן דאמר קליני לית הוא אלא קליל according to him that reads ḳalleni, it is a euphemistic expression for ‘light’ (i.e. my head is light, I feel giddy; my arm is light, I feel weak); מאן דאמר קלני … נטיל according to the version ḳallani, it is a euphemistic expression for ‘heavy’ (i.e. my head, my arm is heavy); Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 46ᵇ Abbayi says כמאן דאמר קל לית (read ḳalleni) as one says, ‘light (I am) not’ (i.e. I feel heavy, without euphemism)—(which is refuted by Raba, who explains the word in question) קליל לי עלמא, see קַלִּיל 2. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֵיקַל, הֵקַל, , הֵקיל I) to lighten. Moed Katan 17ᵇ הכביד … מֵיקַל וכ׳ if the mourner’s hair is too heavy, he may make it lighter with a razor; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 82ᵃ top of the page Eruvin 4, 9 להָקֵל על העשיר to make it easy for the rich man; and frequently—Transferred ה׳ ראשו to be irreverent, talk frivolously (see קַלּוּת). Berachoth 9, 5 לא יָקֵל אדם את ראשו כנגד וכ׳ man (a pilgrim coming to Jerusalem) must not behave irreverently in sight of the eastern gate etc. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 24 מֵיקֶלֶת ראשה she is frivolous (light-minded); Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 265 מֵקֶילֶת ראש; (Bereshith Rabbah section 18 מיקרת, see יָקַר).—2) to be lenient; to incline towards the less restrictive practice, opposite החמיר, see חָמַר I. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan the passage cited הלכה כדברי מי שהוא מיקל the adopted practice follows the opinion of him who is more lenient; Eruvin 46ᵃ, and frequently כדברי המיקל וכ׳. Yevamoth 88ᵃ הֵיקַלְתָּ עליה, see חָמַר I. Pesachim 52ᵇ, see מַגִּיד. Eruvin the passage cited wherever you find יחיד מיקל ורבים וכ׳ an individual scholar favoring the more lenient practice against several in favor of restriction. Shabbath 129ᵃ, and frequently ספק נפשות להָקל where there is a doubt involving the endangering of human life, the more lenient rule is applied; and frequently—3) to be sparing, beggarly. the same place (ibid.) כל המיקל … מְקִילִין לו מזוניתיו וכ׳ he that stints himself at the meal taken after blood-letting, to him they in heaven will give his sustenance stintingly; and elsewhere Pi'el פִּעֵל קִלֵּל [to diminish,] to curse. Kethuboth 7, 6 מְקַלֶּלֶת, see יִוֹלֵד. Shabbath 62ᵇ שאשתו מְקַלַּלְתּוֹ בפניו whom his wife curses in his presence. Pesachim 87ᵇ (referring to Proverbs 30, 10 and the following) אפו׳ דור שאביו יְקַלֵּל וכ׳ even if it be a generation of men that curse their father …, do not denounce etc. Yoma 75ᵃ ק׳ את הנחש וכ׳ God cursed the serpent, yet it climbs up the roof and finds its food. Sotah 11ᵃ (explained ועלה, Exodus 1, 10, as euphem. for ועלינו) כאדם שמְקַלֵּל את עצמו וכ׳ like a man that wants to curse himself (express an ill omen about himself), and hangs his curse on others. Bava Bathra 88ᵇ הקב"ה בירך … וקִלְּלָן וכ׳ the Lord blessed Israel with the twenty-two letters of the alphabet (from א of אם, Leviticus 26, 3, to ת of קוממיות, the same place (ibid.) 13), and cursed them with eight letters (from ו of ואם, the same place (ibid.) 14, to ם of נפשם, the same place (ibid.) 43). Sanhedrin 70ᵃ מתוך שקלקלו … קִלְּלוֹ ברביעי because Ham injured him by (preventing his begetting) a fourth son, he (Noah) cursed him by his fourth son (Canaan). the same place (ibid.) 91ᵇ כל המונע … שבמעי אמן מְקַלְּלִין אותו (not אמו) he that withholds a tradition from his pupil, even the embryos in their mother’s womb will curse him; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 947; and frequently Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַלֵּל to be cursed. Berachoth 61ᵃ בתחלה נ׳ … נִתְקַלְּלָה וכ׳ the serpent was cursed first, and then Eve etc.; Bereshith Rabbah section 20; Eruvin 18ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) 18ᵇ נתקללה בבל נִתְקַלְּלוּ וכ׳ when Babylon was cursed, her neighbors were cursed. Bechoroth 8ᵃ אם מבהמה נתקללה וכ׳ if she (Eve) was cursed (with prolonged pregnancy) more than cattle etc. the same place (ibid.) נ׳ הוא … אחת לשבע it (the serpent) was cursed seven times more than certain cattle. the same place (ibid.) נ׳ הוא מחיה (not נתקלקל); and frequently—[Tosefta Sotah 2, 3 ניקללה ניוולה, variant reading ניקל, read: ניקתה בניוולה, see נָקָה Nif'al] ↗ original

קְלַל to be light; to be of light esteem. Targum Onkelos Genesis 16, 4, and the following to be reduced. the same place (ibid.) 8, 8; 11 קַלּוּ edition Berlin edition (edition Vienna edition קַלִּיאוּ). Ithpol. אִתְקוֹלָל to be reduced. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) Pa'el פִּעֵל קַלֵּיל (denominative of (denominative of קַלִּיל) to be quick, to pass swiftly. Targum Job 7, 6; 9, 25. to make light; in a transferred sense to ease, relieve. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 93ᵃ קַלֵּיל גרמך וכ׳ make thyself light of weight, or I will throw thee off.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 2, 62ᵈ bottom of the page הוון מחמרין וק׳ עליהון they were strict in their practice, and he lightened their burden (allowed them what they considered forbidden). Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 82ᵃ הן דהוינן סברין דו מְקַלְּלָה חמר he whom we thought to be lenient made it stricter; and elsewhere—[Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 133 ומקללה בשוק, see קְלַק.] Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקֵּיל, אָקֵיל to disregard, dishonor; also to curse. Targum Exodus 22, 27 (see קִיל 2). Targum Psalms 55, 13 (Hebrew text חרף); and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 3, 65ᵈ top ר׳ מני מֵיקיל לאילין וכ׳ R. M. spoke with disrespect of those that get appointments to office for money; Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 7 ר׳ אמי הוה מֵקֵיל (or מַקֵּיל). Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 1, 22ᵃ top, see קִיל 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵃ אַקְלוּנָךְ they cursed thee; and elsewhere to relieve, to favor the more lenient rule. Targum Exodus 18, 22 (some edition O. וְיִקְלוּן, read וְיַ׳). Targum I Kings 12, 4; 9.—Eruvin 46ᵃ באבילות הוא דאַקִּילוּ וכ׳ (or דַּאֲקִילוּ) only as to mourning ceremonies the Rabbis adopt the more lenient rules. Yevamoth 88ᵃ ולא לֵיקֵיל, or חֲמַר I; and frequently—5. קַלְקֵל. ↗ original

קְלָלָה the preceding) dishonor; curse. Bava Metzia 75ᵇ גורם ק׳ לעצמו brings dishonor upon himself (people believing him to be dishonest). Megillah 15ᵃ, and elsewhere אל תהי קִלְלַת הדיוט וכ׳ let not the curse of a common man be a slight thing in thy eyes. the same place (ibid.) 28ᵃ לא עלתה … קללת חבירי the thought of my neighbor’s curse never went to bed with me (see צְעַר). Sotah 11ᵃ תולה קִלְלָתוֹ וכ׳, see קָלַל. Yoma 54ᵇ חללו … וקִלְלָתָן ק׳ וכ׳ those whose blessing is blessing, and whose curse is curse (whose blessings and curses are efficacious) are engaged in such things!—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, 25ᵃ bottom of the page קיללת השם (usually ברכת) blasphemy. the same place (ibid.) מהו לקרוע על קיללת הגוי how about rending one’s garments on hearing blasphemy by a gentile?; and frequently—plural קְלָלוֹת. Megillah 31ᵇ ק׳ שבתורת כהנים the curses in Leviticus (26, 14-43); שבמשנה תורה the curses in Deuteronomy (28, 15-68). the same place (ibid.) שתכלה השנה וקִלְלוֹתֶיהָ that the year and its curses my end together. Eruvin 100ᵇ עשר ק׳ וכ׳ Eve was cursed with ten curses; and frequently ↗ original

קַלְמָא , plural קַלְמִין, קַלְמֵי, see כַּלְמְתָא. ↗ original

קלמא , Targum Ezekiel 27, 17, quoted in Rashi ad loc. (on the passage), misreading for קלווא, see קוּלְיָא I ↗ original

קָלָמוֹס (κάλαμος) reed, pen. Shabbath 80ᵃ Oxford manuscript, see קוֹלְמוֹס.—plural קָלָמִין. Bereshith Rabbah section 1; Ylamdenu to Numbers 23, 9, see מִילָן.—קַלְמוֹסִים, see קוֹלְמוֹס. ↗ original

קלמז , see מַזְיָא ↗ original

קָלָמִין , see קָלָמוֹס ↗ original

קלמסמסיא , see קלמז ↗ original

קלמרים , see next word ↗ original

קַלְמָרִין (καλαμάριον) pen-case. Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 766, see מִילָן. inkstand. Mikvaoth 10, 1 ק׳ הדיוטות וכ׳ (read: הדיוטית or של הדיוטות) the inkstand of ordinary men (with a rim bent inside to prevent spilling) does not become clean by immersion until you make a hole in its side; וק׳ של יוסף הכהן וכ׳ and the inkstand of Joseph the priest (Josephus Flavius?) had a hole in its side (through which it could be emptied and cleaned). Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ bottom of the page הנייר … ק׳ צריכה paper and pen are considered ornamental objects (with regard to idolatrous decorations on them); as to the inkstand, it is doubtful. Shabbath 80ᵃ בק׳ (Munich manuscript בקומרין, edition Soncino בקלרין, correct accordingly) forming a letter by dropping ink out of the inkstand.—plural קַלְמָרִים, קַלְמָרִין. Kelim 2, 7 ק׳ המותאמות edition Dehr. (other edition המתואמות; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) המתאמת singular) a double inkstand (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Atramentum). ↗ original

קַלְמְתָא , see כַּלְמְתָא ↗ original

קַלָּן or קָלָן, plural קַלָּנִים, קַלָּנִין, קָלָ׳, see קוֹלָן 2. ↗ original

קָלָן = Hebrew קָלוֹן, shame, disgrace, disgraceful deed; nakedness. Targum Isaiah 22, 18. Targum Deuteronomy 22, 21. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 20, 18; and frequently ↗ original

קַלְנְבוֹ Ḳaln’bo in Babylonia. Sanhedrin 63ᵇ (Manuscript Florence a. K. קל נבו, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 50). Zevachim 96ᵃ שמעיה מק׳ (רב) (not בק׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 40) (Rab) Sh’maya of Ḳ.; Yoma 21ᵃ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 9); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 490 (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קלנדא , see next word ↗ original

קָלִנְדַּס common gender (calendæ, accus.) kalends, the first day of the Roman month, (applied only to the kalendæ Januariæ) the Roman New Year. Avodah Zarah 1, 3 (8ᵃ) קלנדס Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Mishnah a. Babylonian קלנדא). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 39ᶜ top ק׳ אדם וכ׳ Adam instituted the kalends; כיון דחמא … ק׳ קלון וכ׳ when he observed that the days were growing longer, he exclaimed, kalendas etc., see דיאו. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ יינובריס, see יָינוּבְרִיס. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ אסורה לכל on the Roman New Year it is forbidden to deal with all gentiles; [other opinion] אין אסורה אלא לפלחין בה it is forbidden to deal with those only who worship on it; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 8ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 4 קלנדא edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading ה …, ס …). Avodah Zarah the passage cited ק׳ שמנה ימים אחר וכ׳ the New Year takes place eight days after the solstice, the Saturnalia eight days before the solstice; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) the passage cited (correct accordingly). Babylonian the same place (ibid.) the passage cited רומי שעשתה ק׳ וכ׳ (Alfasi עיר) if a Roman city (as Cæsaræa) introduced the Roman New Year, and all the townships near her are subject to her rule, are these townships forbidden or not?; and elsewhere ↗ original

קָלָנְיָא (colonia) a Roman colony (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Colonia). Avodah Zarah 10ᵃ ותתעביד טבריא ק׳ and that Tiberias be declared a Roman colony. Sukkah 45ᵃ, see מוֹצָא 2; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, beginning 54ᵇ קָלוֹנְיָיא. Devarim Rabbah section 10 לאיסטרטיגין ששימש … פרס וקלאונה (read רומי for פרס, a correct accordingly) a general that held offices in two provinces, one a Roman province, the other a colony; (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 942 פרס וק׳, omitted). Bava Bathra 4ᵃ את הורודוס עבדא בישא מתעביד ק׳ Manuscript Rome (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 70) thou, Herod, being a bad servant (of Rome), (thy country) be declared a colony (an anachronistic allusion to the reduction of Judæa to a Roman province on the banishment of Archelaus).—Yevamoth 115ᵇ בצד קלוניא מתא by the side of the town of Colonia (?). ↗ original

קַלָּנִיתָא (קְלַל) name of a very lean bird, ḳallanitha. Chullin 102ᵇ בק׳ such is the case with the ḳ.; והא ק׳ עוף טמא הוא but the ḳ. is an unclean bird?; כעין ק׳ a clean bird similar in build to the ḳ.—Bava Bathra 20ᵃ ק׳ לא מסרטא but the ḳ. does not scratch (and a child may play with it)!; כעין ק׳ (a bird that does scratch, but is) similar etc. ↗ original

קלניתא , see next word ↗ original

קְלִנְתְּיָא common gender (Κορίνθιος) Corinthian. Tosefta Yoma 2, 4; Yoma 38ᵃ קלוניתא (Munich manuscript קלניתא), see נְחוּשְׁתָּן I. ↗ original

קָלַס 1 , Pi'el קִלֵּס (denominative of קוֹלָס) to put a helmet on; participle passive מְקוּלָּס an animal roasted in its entirety with the entrails and legs on the head. Pesachim 74ᵃ R. Ṭarfon called it גדי מ׳ a kid with a helmet on. Tosefta Betzah 2, 15 איזוהי גדי מ׳ … וקרבו (not בקרבו) what is a g’di m’ḳullas? Entirely roasted, with head, legs, and entrails. the same place (ibid.) עגל מ׳ a calf roasted with the head etc. the same place (ibid.) Todos taught the Roman Jews to take lambs ועושין אותו מְקוּלָּסִין וכ׳ and prepare them ‘helmeted’ on Passover nights.—[Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 92 מקולסין, see נִיקְלְוָוס.] ↗ original

קָלַס 2 , Pi'el קִלֵּס, קִי׳ (denominative of קוֹל, Pales) [to shout, make noise,] to praise; [Biblical Hebrew to decry, deride]. Bava Bathra 176ᵃ אע"פ שק׳ ר"י וכ׳ although R. Yishm. praised Ben N. (commended his argument) the practice follows his (R. Yishmael’s) opinion; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 10, end, 17ᵈ על מדרשו קִילְּסוֹ he commended him for his mode of argumentation. Vayikra Rabbah section 30 ניקח … ונְקַלֵּס להקב"ה let us take up the Lulab and Ethrog and offer praise to the Lord. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 114 (explained סֹלּוּ, Psalms 68, 5) קַלְּסוּ (not קילסו) praise him. the same place (ibid.) Psalms 104; and very frequently to tramp or clap (in wailing ceremonies or on joyous occasions), see קִילּוּס 2, 2; Moed Katan 27ᵇ המְקַלֵּס לא יְקַלֵּס וכ׳ the tramper (at mourning ceremonies) must not tramp with a sandal on his foot, but with a shoe, to avoid accident. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַלֵּס to be praised; to be done honor to by song, clapping etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 1, 76ᶜ כשהיה רואה … מִתְקַלְּסִין (not סון …) whenever he saw a deceased person or a bride honored. ↗ original

קְלַס , Pa'el קַלֵּס Chaldaic (Aramaic) same, to call out; to praise; to tramp. Targum Esther 6, 9; 11 (Hebrew text קרא). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 32, 43. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 32, 18; and frequently—Kethuboth 21ᵇ משום דקַלְּסָהּ … את נמי מְקַלְּסַת לה because thy mother’s father commended it, thou commendest it likewise. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 8, 31ᵇ, and elsewhere והוה … מְקַלֵּס ליה הזלים וכ׳ R. J. praised him by applying the verse (Isaiah 46, 6) etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 1, end, 53ᵃ אמרה … וקַלְּסֵיה he said it before R. Abina, and he applauded him, opposite קנתריה; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15d; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 42ᶜ top מקלס קומי וכ׳ did honor to bridal couples (singing, dancing etc.); (Kethuboth 17ᵃ מרקד). ↗ original

קֹלָס , see קוֹלָס, קוּלְסָא. ↗ original

*קַלָּסָא , see קָלַס) shouting, derision. Targum Psalms 44, 14 manuscript (edition קלנא). ↗ original

קָלַסְטוֹר (better קוֹלַסְטֵיר) masculine (κολαστήρ) torturer, executioner. Avodah Zarah 18ᵃ ר׳ חנינא … וּקְלַסְטוֹרוֹ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition וקלצטוניריה; Munich manuscript וקלסטינריה, arisen from confusing our word with questionarius, see קוּסְטִינָר, קְלוּסִינְטְרִין) R. Ḥanina … and his executioner are destined to enjoy the happiness of the hereafter. the same place (ibid.) אמר לו קלצטונירי (Munich manuscript קליסטנרי, En Yaʿăk. קליסטנירוֹ, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 60) the (his) executioner said to him. ↗ original

קְלַסְטוֹרָא , see קְלַסְטֵירָא ↗ original

קְלַסְטֵיר (a transpos. of κάρταλλος, see טְרַסְקָל a. קְרַסְטָל)basket, especially fodder-basket used instead of a muzzle. Kelim 20, 1 קלסטר edition Dehr. a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קלוסטור, קלוסטר; R. H. G. קרסטל); Sifra, M’tsorʿa, Zavim, Parah 1, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2 קְלַסְתָּר.—plural קְלַסְטֵירִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 5, beginning 7ᵇ ↗ original

קְלַסְטֵיר ² (κρύσταλλος, crystallum) crystal; in a transferred sense brightness, (with, or supply (understood word) פנים; compare זִיו) beauty of features, countenance. Berachoth 7ᵃ בשכר … זכה לק׳ פנים as a reward for hiding his face (Exodus 3, 6) he was granted the shining face (Exodus 34, 29 and the following). Niddah 31ᵃ והקב"ה נותן … וק׳ פנים וכ׳ and God gives it (the embryo) spirit and soul, and beauty of features, and power of sight etc. Bava Metzia 87ᵃ נהפך ק׳ פנים וכ׳ Isaac’s features were changed and made to resemble Abraham’section Vayikra Rabbah section 18, beginning (referring to Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 2) השמש זו ק׳ פ׳ ‘the sun (is darkened)’, that means the bright countenance; and frequently—plural (used as singular) קְלַסְטֵירִין. Shemoth Rabbah section 28, beginning עשה (בו) הקב"ה ק׳ של פניו … דומה וכ׳ the Lord made Moses’ features resemble those of Abraham.—[Sanhedrin 104ᵇ קלסתר Rashi, see קְלַסְתָּא.] ↗ original

קְלַסְטֵירָא Targum Job 14, 20 קְלַסְתְּרֵיה (edition Lagarde edition קְלַסְתֵּיר׳; Regia קלסטור׳; Hebrew text פניו). the same place (ibid.) 29, 24 קְלַסְטֵר אַפַּי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition תּוֹר …; manuscript תַּר …); and elsewhere—[Sanhedrin 104ᵇ, see קְלַסְתָּא.]—plural קְלַסְטֵירִין, קְלַסְתּוֹרִין. Targum Job 17, 7 קְלַסְטֵירַי manuscript (edition קלסתורַי, not רֵי …; Hebrew text יְצֻרַי). ↗ original

קְלַסְתָּא (adapt. of γελοιαστής, as if a redupl. of קְלַס) jester, dancer, buffoon; ק׳ של מלך King’s fool. Sanhedrin 104ᵇ Munich manuscript (in a passage omitted in edition; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word קלסטר: קלסתרא; Rashi קלסתר; Rev. des Ét. Juives 11, p. 215 קלסטר γελοιαστήρ; Yalkut Shimoni Lamentations 1000 רקד שהיה זמר dancer and musician).—5. קְלוּסַנְטְרִין. ↗ original

קְלַסְתּוֹרָא , see sub קלסט׳. ↗ original

קָלַע 1 (Biblical Hebrew) [to swing,] to cast, sling. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִילֵּעַ same. Shabbath 152ᵇ ומְקַלְּעִין נִשְׁמָתָן זה לזה and they (the angels) cast their (the sinners’) souls to one another (like washers) (with referring to I Samuel 25, 29, see זוּם); Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 134. ↗ original

קְלַע Af'el אַקְלַע same. Targum I Samuel 17, 49. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 10, 19 אקלע Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition טלק). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיקְּלַע to be thrown; to happen to come, happen to fall (on a certain day). Chullin 110ᵃ א׳ לסורא וכ׳ happened to come to Sura on the eve of etc. the same place (ibid.) אִיקְלְעוּ לבי וכ׳ happened to come to the house (were the guests) of etc. Pesachim 46ᵇ הואיל ומִיקְלְעֵי וכ׳ since guests may happen to come to him. Nedarim 8ᵃ עד דמִקְלְעֵי ליה וכ׳ until ten persons … pass by him. Rosh Hashanah 20ᵃ דא׳ יום שלשים וכ׳ if the thirtieth day happens to fall on a Sabbath. Berachoth 53ᵇ אי מִקְּלַע לי ממילא if I happen to get it. Shabbath 117ᵇ כי מיקלע להו וכ׳ if they by chance had bread that had been used for an ʿErub (עֵירוּב); and frequently ↗ original

קָלַע 2 to twist, plait; [Biblical Hebrew to form a raised figure, compare גָּדַל 2]. Yoma 6, 7 קְלָעָן, see מַקֵּל. Shabbath 64ᵃ עני קוֹלֵעַ שלש וכ׳ a poor man twists three threads and hangs the cord around his daughter’s neck. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 10, 12ᶜ bottom of the page הקולע שלש וכ׳ he that plaits three strings of hair on a person’s head. Tosefta Maasroth 1, 6 היה עתיד לִקְלוֹעַ בשום ולאגוד וכ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) ליקָּלֵעַ … וליאגד, Nif'al) if the intention was about the garlic crop to plait, and about the onions to tie them in bunches, אינו חייב עד שיִקְלַע ויאגד he is not bound to give the tithes until he plaits or ties (or עד שיִקָּלֵעַ ויֵאָגֵד until the things are plaited or bunched); and elsewhere—Transferred [to weave a wreath,] to adorn, praise. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 92, end; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 846 הוא קוֹלֵעַ על יריאיו … קוֹלְעִים לו וכ׳ he (God) praises those who fear him, and those who fear him praise him; you say (Psalms 92, 16) etc., and I say, (Zephaniah, Book of 3, 13) etc. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִילֵּעַ same. Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 היא קִילְּעָה לו וכ׳ (not קולעה) she plaited her hair to please him (her paramour), therefore the priest loosens her hair; Tosefta Sotah 3, 3 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) note קלעה; and elsewhere קִילְּעֶה or קִלְּעֶה (compare נתעלפה, under the word עָלַף 2) to plait a person’s hair, dress, adorn (see above). Berachoth 61ᵃ; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 2; Shabbath 95ᵃ; Eruvin 18ᵃ; Niddah 45ᵇ; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 2 (referring to ויבן, Genesis 2, 22) מלמד שקילעה הקב"ה לחוה וכ׳ this intimates that the Lord dressed Eve etc., see בִּנְיָיתָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, 20ᵃ bottom of the page (referring to 2 Samuel 20, 3 ויכלכל, see כִּלְכֵּל) מלמד שהיה דוד מְקַלַּעֲתָן וכ׳ this teaches that David had them dressed and adorned and made them come before him every day, and said to his evil inclination etc. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְלַע to be plaited, see above. ↗ original

קְלַע ² , to plait. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 5, 18 (see Bamidbar Rabbah section 9, quoted in the preceding). ↗ original

קֶלַע 1 sling. Sifra Sh’mini, Parah 6, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 8 כל כלי לרבות הק׳ וכ׳ ‘any receptacle’ (Leviticus 11, 32), to include the sling etc. Eduy. 3, 5 הק׳ שבית וכ׳ a sling the receptacle of which is of woven material. Shabbath 67ᵃ ק׳ נטושה (fem.), see נָטַשׁ I. ↗ original

קֶלַע 2 common gender (קָלַע 2) twisted cord, rope; plait. Bereshith Rabbah section 22 (referring to Isaiah 5, 18) כק׳ הזו של ספינה (probably to be read עגלה) as the rope of a ship (a wagon), see עֲבוֹת.—plural קְלָעִים. Yoma 47ᵃ מימי … קִלְעֵי שערי never did the beams of my house see the plaits of my hair (I always wear a cap in the house). ↗ original

קֶלַע 3 plural; the preceding) curtain, sail. Tosefta Bava Kamma 8, 17 ובלבד שלא יפרוס את הק׳ וכ׳ provided one does not spread the sail and detain the boat (when fishing in the waters of a neighboring tribe).—plural קְלָעִים, קְלָעִין. Eduy. 8, 6; Zevachim 107ᵇ; Megillah 10ᵃ, and elsewhere כשהיו … ק׳ להיכל וק׳ לעזרות when they were rebuilding the Temple, they made curtains for the Temple and curtains for the courts.—Esp. the curtains of the Tabernacle; in a transferred sense the partitions of the Temple corresponding to those of the Tabernacle. Zevachim 5, 3 לפנים מן הק׳ inside of the enclosures (in the Temple court); and elsewhere (pl.) tents at fairs, shops. Sanhedrin 106ᵃ עֲשֵׂה להן ק׳ וכ׳ put up shops for them and place therein prostitutes etc.; עָשָׂה להן ק׳ וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קעילין) he put up shops for them etc.; Sifré Numbers 131 ק׳ variant reading (edition מקולין; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 771 קעילין; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᵈ top קנקלין). ↗ original

קְלַע ³ sail, curtain. Targum Isaiah 33, 23.—plural קִלְעִין, קִי׳, קְלָעַיָּיא. the same place (ibid.) 18, 1. the same place (ibid.) 60, 9.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 20, beginning 17ᶜ הוון פרסין קִילְעַיָּה וכ׳ they spread the curtains a day before to the length of four cubits. curtained enclosure. Eruvin 63ᵇ (in Hebr. dict.) הישן בק׳ וכ׳ (Munich manuscript a. Yalkut Shimoni Micah 551 הלן בכילה; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. En Yaăḳ. edition pr. בקעילה; edition Cost. בקליעא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) he that sleeps in a compartment in which husband and wife are. Nedarim 22ᵇ זיל לקִילְעָךְ go to thy room (I cannot help thee).—Esp. ante-room, hall. Berachoth 22ᵇ top בק׳ דרב וכ׳ in the anteroom of Rab O. Moed Katan 24ᵇ; and elsewhere—[plural קִלְעָתָא, see קְלִיעֲתָא.] ↗ original

קִלְעָא = Hebrew קֶלַע I. Targum Judges 20, 16. Targum Proverbs 26, 8. Targum Job 41, 18 קַ׳. the same place (ibid.) 20 (manuscript קַ׳). ↗ original

קַלָּעָא (the preceding) slinger.—plural קַלָּעַיָּא, קַלְעַיָּא. Targum 2 Kings 3, 25 (not קִ׳). Targum I Kings 1, 38; 44 (Hebrew text פלתי); and elsewhere ↗ original

קְלָעִילּוֹן masculine = קְלָאִילָּן which see ↗ original

קַלְעִיתָא , see קְלִיעֲתָא ↗ original

קָלַף (compare גָּלַף) to scrape, peel, pare. Pesachim 7, 2 (75ᵇ) יִקְלוֹף את מקומו (Babylonian edition יְקַלֵּף) let him pare off the place where it touched the wall of the stove. the same place (ibid.) 3 יקלוף את החיצון let him pare off the surface. Tosefta Nega'im 6, 8 היה קוֹלֵף וכ׳ he scraped off the sand (cement) between one stone and another; and frequently—participle passive קָלוּף; feminine קְלוּפָה etc. Niddah 17ᵃ שום ק׳ … וביצה ק׳ וכ׳ peeled garlic, peeled onions or peeled eggs … which were let lie over night. Bikkurim 3, 8 ערבה ק׳ peeled willow twigs; and elsewhere Pi'el פִּעֵל קִילֵּף same. Maasroth 4, 5 שעורים מקלף וכ׳(ב) המְקלֵּף (Mishnah edition המקליף, correct accordingly) he who husks barley-corns (to eat them before tithes are given), must husk each singly and eat; Betzah 13ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 2, 50ᵃ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 7, beginning 11ᵇ שלא יְקַלֵּף, see מִצְמֵץ. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Yoḥ. 1); Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 4 מלאך היה יורד ומְקַלְּפוֹ an angel came down and scraped the Divine Name off. Sotah 35ᵇ וקִילְּפוּ את הסיד they scraped the lime off (which covered the inscription); and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נֵקְלָף, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַלֵּף to be peeled off. Echah Rabbah the passage cited; Shir HaShirim Rabbah the passage cited מאליו היה נ׳ it (the Divine Name) was erased of itself. Chullin 3, 5, see קוֹיְקְבָן. the same place (ibid.) 49ᵇ מה חלב … קרום ונ׳ וכ׳ as ‘the fat that covers the inwards’ has a skin which can be peeled off, so all fat with a skin that can be peeled off (is forbidden), see תּוֹתָב; and elsewhere—Kelim 10, 5 חבית שנִתְקַלְּפָה וכ׳ an earthen jug which is peeled off (crumbled away), the pitch lining standing by itself; Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 7, 8 [read:] נתקלפה והזפת וכ׳. ↗ original

קְלַף Targum Joel 1, 7; and elsewhere—participle passive קָלִיף. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 14, 11.—Bereshith Rabbah section 82 (referring to Jeremiah 49, 10) קַלְפִית בצלייה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קליפת בצלים, referring to Obadiah, Book of 1, 6, correct accordingly) I stripped the onions (laid bare Esau’s corruption); Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 332 קְלִיפִית (not קליפות); Yalkut Shimoni Chronicles 1073 (correct accordingly). Bereshith Rabbah section 95, end, see בּוּצְלָא. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 4 (explained חשפי שבל, Isaiah 47, 2) קְלוֹפִי סובלתא דנהרא (see שׁוּבַּלְתָּא) lay bare (the bed of) the current of the river (dig channels to divert the river from its course). Betzah 14ᵇ קָלִיף וכ׳, see צִיהֲרָא; and elsewhere—Bava Bathra 4ᵇ, see קְפַל 2. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַלֵּף same. Targum Onkelos Genesis 30, 37 (Yerushalmi (prefix) קְלֵף Pe.). the same place (ibid.) 38. Targum 2 Kings 18, 16; and elsewhere—participle passive מְקַלַּף peeling, flaky. Targum Onkelos Exodus 16, 14 (Hebrew text מחספס).—Betzah 13ᵇ מְקַלְּפָא ליה וכ׳ his wife husked (barley) for him by the cupfuls. Chullin 62ᵇ לא … מְקַלַּף וכ׳ its craw could not be peeled. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְקַלַּף, אִיקַּלַּף, Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיקְּלִיף to be peeled, stripped, scraped off. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 11, 13 מִקְּלִיף (not מַקְ׳).—Chullin the passage cited לא מִקְּלִיף וכ׳ could be peeled with a knife only. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 4, 22ᵇ top, see מַרְקוֹעַ 2. Moed Katan 13ᵇ כגון דמִיקַּלְּפָּן when the grains are husked; אי לאו … מִיקַּלְּפָא if they had not steeped them in water, the husking could not have been done (different interpretation or differently interpreted in Munich manuscript, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)); and elsewhere ↗ original

קֶלֶף ) masculine (the preceding) split parchment (of superior quality than דּוּכְסוּסְטוֹס). Menachoth 32ᵃ, and elsewhere ק׳ במקום בשר on ḳ. your writing must be done on the flesh side (inside). the same place (ibid.) (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) כתבינהו אק׳ במקום וכ׳ he wrote them on ḳ., on the skin side (outside); and frequently ↗ original

קַלְפָא same. Menachoth 35ᵃ קי׳ דתפלין (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) the parchment of the T’fillin.) the parchment of the T’fillin. scaly surface, scab. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Leviticus 13, 2, see קִילּוּפָא. streak made by peeling.—plural קִלְפִין, קִי׳. Targum Onkelos Genesis 30, 37 (some edition קַ׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) קְלִיפִין, קַלִּיפִ׳). (plural) scales; scaly shield. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 11, 9; Deuteronomy 14, 9, and the following (edition Berlin edition ק׳). Targum Job 41, 7 קְלִפוֹהִי manuscript (missing in edition; Hebrew text מגנים).—Sanhedrin 110ᵃ קִילְפֵי (Munich manuscript קוּלְפֵי) the scaly (metal) rims of bags; Pesachim 119ᵃ קליפא (Rashi קִלּוּפֵי), see קוּפְלָא I. Kethuboth 65ᵃ מחתא לה בקולפי דשידא she struck her with the metal straps of a chest (see קוּלְפָא).—[Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 362 קילפא, see קוּלְפָא.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ bottom of the page קְלִיפַיָּיא, see קְלוּפִיתָא.] ↗ original

קַלְפּוֹנִין (καλλίφωνοι) (young men) with fine voices. Targum I Chronicles 15, 20 (edition Beck. קִ׳; Hebrew text עלמות, compare עֶלֶם). ↗ original

קַלְפִּי (κάλπη) urn for drawing lots. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 16, 8 (not קְלַפֵּי).—Tosefta Yoma 3 (2), 1; Yoma 4, 1 טרף בק׳ he shook the urn. the same place (ibid.) 3, 9 וק׳ היתה וכ׳ an urn was there (in the Temple) containing two lots. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, beginning 41ᵇ לא סוף דבר ק׳ וכ׳ it was not at all necessary to use an urn, a basket might have served the purpose; but why did they say, ‘an urn’?, see פּוֹמְפִּי. Bava Bathra 122ᵃ ק׳ של שבטים an urn containing the names of the tribes; ק׳ של תחומין an urn containing the names of the districts (to be allotted); Bamidbar Rabbah section 21; and frequently—plural קַלְפִּיּוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma the passage cited בשתי ק׳ וכ׳ by means of two urns the land of Israel was divided, see above. ↗ original

קְלַצְטוֹנִירִי (corruption of questionarius) executioner. Avodah Zarah 18ᵃ, see קָלַסְטוֹר. ↗ original

קלק , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 7, 50ᶜ נתקלקה, see קִלְקֵל ↗ original

קְלַק (apocop. of קלקל) to throw, cast. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 15, 25 (edition Vienna edition טלק).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 46ᵃ גוויה(ב) וק׳ גרמיה and it (the serpent) threw itself into it. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַלֵּק same. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 93ᵃ אנא מְקַלֵּק לך, see קְלַל. Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 1 בכל יום … ומקלק לימא וכ׳ every day he took a loaf of bread and threw it into the great sea. Bereshith Rabbah section 79 ומקלק בשוק and scattered them in the open place; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 133 ומקללה (correct accordingly).—participle pass. מְקַלַּק thrown away, decaying. Vayikra Rabbah section 22 מית ומק׳ באורחא dead and decaying on the road; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִלְקָאֵי , see supply (understood word) קִילְ׳. ↗ original

קלקיא , see קִילִיקְיָא ↗ original

קלקיס , Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 4, 62ᶜ, see קִילְקִי ↗ original

קִלְקֶילְתָּא , see קִלְקֶלְתָּא ↗ original

קִלְקֵל (קָלַל, compare קְלַק) to upset, disarrange, damage, ruin, opposite תקן. Bereshith Rabbah section 98 ק׳ את היצועין upset the couches. Chullin 8ᵃ מותר … מְקַלְקֵל הוא it is permitted to slaughter with a knife belonging to idolatrous service, because slaughtering is doing damage (a living animal being more useful than a dead one). Shabbath 13, 3 כל המְקַלְקְלִין פטורין all those who perform an act (on the Sabbath) by which they do ruin, are exempt (from sin-offering); והמקלקל ע"מ לתקן וכ׳ but he that undoes a thing for the purpose of reconstructing it is guilty. Kethuboth 5ᵇ; and frequently (with or supply (understood word) מעשה = Biblical Hebrew הִשְׁחִית) to be corrupt, to disgrace one’s self by immorality. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, end, 64ᵈ חם … קִילְקְלוּ מעשיהן Ham, the dog, and the raven acted mischievously (by sexual connection in the ark, see Sanhedrin 108ᵇ; Bereshith Rabbah section 36). Rosh Hashanah 12ᵃ ברותחין קלקלו וכ׳ with heat (of passion) they sinned, and with hot waters they were punished; Sanhedrin 108ᵇ. Tosefta Sotah 2, 2 אפי׳ תְקַלְקֵל וכ׳, see עָרַר; and frequently—[Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 7, edition Buber edition note 69 קלקלתי, see כִּלְכֵּל.]—participle passive מְקוּלְקָל; feminine מְקוּלְקֶלֶת; pl. מְקוּלְקָלִים, מְקוּלְקָלִין; מְקוּלְקָלוֹת. Moed Katan 1, 2 (2ᵃ) ומתקנין את המקולקלת Yerushalmi (prefix) a. Babylonian edition (Mishnah המקולקלות, incorr.) and you may mend a channel that is out of order during the festive week. Sanhedrin 39ᵇ (referring to Ezekiel 5, 7) כמתוקנין … כמק׳ שבהם עשיתן you did not do according to the good usages among them, but according to their corrupt usages. Bava Bathra 109ᵇ, see קַלְקָלָה; and frequently (Biblical Hebrew) to sharpen; in a transferred sense (compare חָדַד, שָׁנַן) to repeat, study. Koheleth Rabbah to 10, 10 אם נקהה … קַלְקֵל עליו בחילך if thy lesson is as tough to thee as iron (see קָהָה), and … none is on hand to explain it to thee, go over it studying with thy own strength. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַלְקֵל, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַלְקֵל to be disarranged, ruined, spoiled. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᶜ bottom of the page נִתְקַלְקְלוּ חשבונותיו וכ׳ his dates were disarranged, and he said, let this begin a new era; נתקלקלו לשעבר the dates were disarranged (confused) with regard to the events of the past, see קִילְקוּל. Demai 3, 6, see חָלַף. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 7, 50ᶜ נִתְקַלְקְלָה צורתן (not נתקלקה), see צוּרָה; and elsewhere (see קָלָה I) to commit a nuisance, to collapse under the influence of corporal punishment. Sifré Deuteronomy 286; Makkoth 3, 14; and elsewhere—[Bechoroth 8ᵃ נתקלקל, see קָלַל.] ↗ original

קַלְקֵל to ruin etc. Targum Isaiah 3, 12 (Hebrew text בלע). Targum Jeremiah 2, 36 (Hebrew text שנה). Targum 2 Samuel 15, 31 (Hebrew text סכל). Targum 2 Chronicles 27, 2 (Hebrew text השחית).—participle passive מְקַלְקַל; feminine מְקַלְקְלָא; plural מְקַלְקְלִין, מְקַלְקְלַיָּא; מְקַלְקְלָתָא. Targum Esther 5, 1 הוות מק׳ was soiled. Targum Job 29, 17 manuscript (edition מְקַלְקִל; Hebrew text עַוָּל). Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 4, 12. Targum Zechariah 1, 4. Targum Judges 2, 19; and elsewhere—Yevamoth 119ᵇ, and the following היא לא מְקַלְקְלָא נפשה she is not likely to injure her own case (by a false statement). the same place (ibid.) לקַלְקָלָא לצרה היא וכ׳ she has the intention of injuring the case of her rival. Vayikra Rabbah section 37 מְקַלְקְלֵי they ruin (play with), see מְיַנּוֹק. Ithpalp. אִתְקַלְקֵל, אִיקַּ׳ to be disarranged, corrupted, ruined. Targum Jeremiah 49, 7. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 17, 13 מִתְקַלְקְלָא ניכסתיה its slaughtering was ruined (illegal through faulty manipulation). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 14, 21 מִיקּ׳ בניכסא made unfit through faulty slaughtering; and elsewhere—Eruvin 49ᵃ bottom of the page אתי עירוב לאִיקַּלְקוּלֶי the practice of ʿErub (see עֵירוּב) may come to harm (get into disuse); and elsewhere ↗ original

קִלְקָל , see קִילְקוּל ↗ original

קַלְקַל , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 27, 4, see קנְקַל ↗ original

קַלְקָלָה (קִלְקֵל) degradation, disgrace. Avoth 4, 18 אל … בשעת קַלְקָלָתוֹ do not strive to see thy neighbor at the moment of his disgrace. Horayoth 3, 7 (13ᵃ) בזמן ששניהם עומדים לק׳ (Babylonian edition בק׳) when both (a man and a woman) are exposed to disgrace (prostitution, see קָלוֹן). Bereshith Rabbah section 20 בק׳ מתחילים וכ׳ in degradation (punishment) the beginning is made with the lowest, opposite גדולה elevation; Sifra Sh’mini, Milluim; Berachoth 61ᵃ Munich manuscript (edition בקללה); Taanith 15ᵇ; and frequently corruption, degeneration, sin, mischief. Tanchuma Beshallach 12, see קִילְקוּל. Sanhedrin 102ᵇ הוא היה תחלה לק׳ he (Jeroboam) initiated corruption (idolatry). Bava Bathra 109ᵇ תולין את הק׳ במקולקל every corruption is fastened to the corrupt (is named after him who started it). Berachoth 60ᵃ ואל … דבר ק׳ ועון that no mischief or sin may occur through me; and frequently ↗ original

קִלְקַלְתָּא = קִיקֶלְתָּא, dunghill, ruins. Targum Jeremiah 19, 2; and frequently—Shabbath 156ᵇ כי יתיב אקִילְקְלִיתָא (Oxford manuscript אקִיקְלִיתָא דמתא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 80) while sitting near the place where the refuse of the town is collected, see קִיקְלָא. Bava Kamma 21ᵃ בנה … אק׳ דיתמי built a villa on the ruins belonging to minors. Avodah Zarah 28ᵃ קילקלתא Munich manuscript (edition קיקלתא), see נִקְרָא; and frequently—[Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 75 כהדא קלקילתא שהיא וכ׳ (edition Buber edition איך חדא קילקלתא) (a cup of punishment) shaped like a vessel for refuse, wide below and narrow above (?)]—plural קִלְקְלָתָא, קִי׳. Targum Psalms 68, 14 (Hebrew text שפתים). ↗ original

קלקת , Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Haʿomer, p. 69ᵃ, see קֶלַח ↗ original

קַלְרָה , see next word ↗ original

קַלְרָהִי (Καλλιῤῥόη) Callirrhoe, warm springs on the eastern side of the Jordan, near the Dead Sea. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 10, 19 (not קלד׳; Hebrew text לשע). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 1, 7 קלדוהי (read: קלְרוֹהִי).—Bereshith Rabbah section 37 קלרה (some edition קלדה, correct accordingly); Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᵇ bottom of the page קלרה; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 801 קדלהי (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קִלָּרִין , see קִילָּרִין ↗ original

קְלַשׁ (compare קלף) to plane, make thin, weaken. Eruvin 3ᵃ אמרינן קְלוֹשׁ we say, plane it, i.e. consider it reduced to a fine film. the same place (ibid.) אי קַלְשַׁה if thou makest it very thin. Nedarim 68ᵃ מִיקְלַשׁ קָלֵישׁ does he plane (weaken) it?, see גּוּז Chaldaic (Aramaic)—participle pass. קָלִישׁ, קְלִישָׁא; feminine קְלִישָׁא, קְלִישְׁתָּא thin, weak. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 7, 13 (edition Vienna edition קַלִּישָׁא); the same place (ibid.) 19 (opposite סמיך); and elsewhere—Taanith 9ᵇ עיבא ק׳ a light cloud, opposite סמיכתא. Sotah 34ᵇ איידי דק׳ ארעא because the layer of earth (over the rocky soil) is very light. Yevamoth 113ᵃ bottom of the page דעתא ק׳ וכ׳ his reason is weak, but it is doubtful whether it is equally clear etc., see צִילָא; the same place (ibid.) 113ᵇ. Sukkah 48ᵇ חמרא סמיך מיא ק׳ wine is thick (does nor run out quickly), water is thin. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְלֵישׁ to make thin, cover with a thin layer. Moed Katan 13ᵇ מחפין אַקְלוּשֵׁי m’ḥappin (Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 2, 5) means covering lightly, opposite אסמוכי. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְלִישׁ to become thin, lean. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 21, 15. to become smooth of surface. Targum Job 33, 25 Regia (edition אתחליש). ↗ original

קִלְשׁוֹנָא pointed tool, wedge(?).—plural קִלְשׁוֹנִין. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 11 (Hebrew text משמרות). ↗ original

קִלַּת construct state of קִלָּה = קְלָלָה, disgrace of. Sanhedrin 46ᵇ א"כ נימא קרא ק׳ מאי קללת if this were so, the text (Deuteronomy 21, 23) might have read ḳillath, why does it read ḳil’lath? [missing in Munich manuscript] ↗ original

קֶלֶת (compare קוּלִית, קִיל I) the framework under the millstone to receive the flour-dust; [Rashi = אפרכסת hopper]. Tosefta Bava Bathra 1, 3; Bava Bathra 20ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 4, 3. Zavim 4, 3; and elsewhere ↗ original

קַלָּת (κάλαθος, probably of Semitic origin, see the preceding; see Lewy, Sem. Fremdw. p. 109) vase-shaped basket, especially woman’s work-basket. Gittin 8, 1 זרקו … לתוך קַלָּתָהּ if he throws the letter of divorce into her lap or into her basket. the same place (ibid.) 78ᵃ כל דבר שהוא כקלתה any receptacle that is designated for her specific use like her basket. Bava Metzia 9ᵇ ק׳ מינח נייחא וכ׳ (if he throws the document into her basket on her head,) her basket is at rest, but she moves under it. Kethuboth 72ᵇ top ק׳ שפיר דמי if she goes out with her basket on her head, it is right (she cannot be legally sued for indecent conduct); דת יהודית אפי׳ ק׳ וכ׳ but so far as Jewish custom is concerned, it is improper to go out uncovered even with the basket on the head. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 8, beginning 49ᵇ היתה ק׳ של זהב if the basket (into which he threw the letter of divorce) was of gold; and frequently—plural קַלָּתוֹת. Bikkurim 3, 8 העשירים … בק׳ של וכ׳ the rich brought the first-fruits in baskets of silver or of gold. Gittin the passage cited מוכר ק׳ a dealer in baskets. Kelim 16, 3; and elsewhere ↗ original

קֹלְתָא (or קִלְתָא) feminine (see קוֹלָא I a. קִיל I) curtained couch. Kethuboth 17ᵇ ק׳ דמנמנמא Rashb. to Bava Bathra 92ᵇ (edition קריתא), see הֵינוּמָא. ↗ original

קַלָּתָה , see קַלָּת ↗ original

קַלָּתוּת (compare קֶלֶת) masonry under a stationary stove, fire place under a portable stove. Kelim 7, 1; Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 5, 5.—*plural קַלְתּוֹתִים. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵇ top ברחו לתוך ק׳ של בה"מ וכ׳ they fled into the fire places (stoves) of the Temple, and they were all burned etc. (commentary or commentaries: chambers). ↗ original

קָם one standing up against, adversary. — plural קָמִים. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᵈ bottom of the page הכנע קָמֵינוּ humble thou our adversaries. ↗ original

קַמּ־ , see קַמֵּי ↗ original

קָמ־ (see קַמָּא a. קוֹמֵי)before, in the presence of. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 43, 9 קָמָךְ. the same place (ibid.) 33, 3 לקָמֵיהוֹן; and frequently ↗ original

קָמָא 1 (= קָא אֲמָא) he says. Pesachim 3ᵇ מאי דק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) what is it he says? (edition מאי האי דקמן; Munich manuscript מאי דקמן what is this before us?). Bava Bathra 140ᵇ מאי דק׳ (variant reading דקאמא) Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition מאי קאמר). Kethuboth 67ᵇ אמר מאי דקאמא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition דקמא) he (the beggar) said what he said (as mentioned before); [Rashi: אמר רבא מאי דקַמָּא Raba said, what is this before me?, i.e. what does this mean?]. [Sotah 2ᵇ bottom of the page, read as Rashi מאי דקמָּא.] ↗ original

קָמָא 2 = Hebrew קָמָה standing grain. Targum Hosea 8, 7 (edition Lagarde edition a. other קמה). Targum Onkelos Exodus 22, 5 קמא edition Berlin edition (other edition קָמְתָא, קַ׳).—plural קָמָתָא, construct state קָמַת. Targum Judges 15, 5. pillar, statue. Targum Genesis 28, 18 (Hebrew text מצבה). Targum Onkelos the same place (ibid.) 19, 26 (Hebrew text נציב). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 22, 24. Targum Judges 9, 6 (edition Vilna edition קָמָתָא plural; Hebrew text מצב). Targum 2 Kings 10, 27 קָמַת construct state; and frequently—plural קָמָן, קָמָתָא, קָמָאתָא. the same place (ibid.) 17, 10. the same place (ibid.) 18, 4. Targum 2 Chronicles 31, 1; and elsewhere—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 23, 24 קָמָתֵי construct state ↗ original

קַמָּא (= קדמא) first, former, previous. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 40, 2. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 23, 11; and frequently—Berachoth 13ᵇ בפסוקא ק׳ at the recitation of the first verse of the Sh’mʿa; and frequently—תנא ק׳ (abbreviated or abbreviation ת"ק) the first of the quoted authorities. the same place (ibid.) 48ᵇ; and frequently—בבא ק׳, see בָּב I.—plural קַמָּאֵי. Nazir 56ᵇ Rashi (edition קדמאי). Bereshith Rabbah section 38 לא הוה להון למילף מן ק׳ ought they not to have taken a lesson from (the fate of) their predecessors? Berachoth 20ᵃ ק׳ … מסרי וכ׳ the former generations gave up their lives etc. Bava Bathra 46ᵇ ק׳ דקמך those who have long preceded thee; and frequently—Fem קַמַּיְיתָא. Targum Proverbs 24, 14 (edition Lagarde edition a. other קדמיתא).—Kiddushin 66ᵃ הך ק׳ that first clause. Bava Bathra 89ᵃ bottom of the page הך ק׳ דמאי that first described balance, what is it used for?; and frequently—plural קַמְּיָיתָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 41, 20. before, in presence of, see קמֵּי. ↗ original

קִמְאָה , see קִמְעָה ↗ original

קמאיות , Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 148, see קִטְמִית ↗ original

קָמָה standing corn. Peah 6, 8 הק׳ מצלת וכ׳ standing corn saves the sheaf (in the field from being considered a forgotten sheaf belonging to the poor); איזוהי ק׳ שהיא וכ׳ how much standing corn must there be to save the sheaf? Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 19ᵈ top עומר שסביבותיו ק׳ a sheaf surrounded by standing corn. Bava Kamma 60ᵃ (referring to Exodus 22, 5) ק׳ למה לי כל בעלי קימה what is ḳamah to intimate? It is to include all things of erect stature (as trees, living beings etc., Rashi). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, beginning 5ᵇ; and frequently—Pesikta Rabbati section 43 (play on מלל, Genesis 21, 7) קָמָתוֹ … ונעשה מלילות the standing crop of Abraham was dried up, but it became again full of ears (his virile strength was restored); Bereshith Rabbah section 53 קומתו (correct accordingly).—plural construct state קָמֵי halms, stalks; ק׳ שפה the stiff cords in the border (around the neck) of a garment. Moed Katan 22ᵇ מבדיל ק׳ ש׳ (in rending a garment in mourning) one must (may) sever the stiff border around the neck; (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 83ᵈ top קנה שפה). Horayoth 12ᵇ למטה מק׳ ש׳ beneath the border (leaving the border uncut); למעלה מק׳ ש׳ he rends from over the border (all through); (Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan the passage cited קנה ש׳). ↗ original

קָמָה ² Chaldaic (Aramaic), see קָמָא 2 ↗ original

קְמוּאֵל proper noun (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Kemuel, name of an angel. Pesikta Rabbati section 20. ↗ original

קמולא , Bereshith Rabbah section 79, end; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 133 קמיליא, read ק׳ מיליא, see טריון ↗ original

קִמוֹלְיָא , see קִימוֹלְיָא ↗ original

קמון , see קָמִין ↗ original

קִמוֹנְיָא , see קִימוֹלְיָא ↗ original

קַמּוּנְיָא (καμίνιον) furnace. Avodah Zarah 10ᵇ שדו ליה לק׳ חלילא (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) לקי׳) they threw him into a circular furnace (pottery kiln; Rashi: a room full of ashes). ↗ original

קִמּוֹס , see קִימּוֹשׂ ↗ original

קִמּוֹץ , see קוּמּוֹס ↗ original

קָמוֹר (קְמַר) belt. Targum Psalms 18, 33 (edition Vilna edition קָמוּר); the same place (ibid.) 40. the same place (ibid.) 109, 19. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 16, 4 (edition Amsterdam edition קַמּוּרָא); and elsewhere—Shabbath 59ᵇ ק׳ שרי a woman is permitted to go out on the Sabbath with a (gold) belt. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ עילוי וכ׳ how about wearing a ḳamra over a hemyan (see הֶמְיָין). Horayoth 13ᵇ נהי דאהני לך ק׳ וכ׳ (En Yaaḳ. קוּמְרָא) because thy father’s (official) belt helped thee to be president of the court, must we make thee Nasi? ↗ original

קָמַז (compare קמץ, קָוַץ) to squeeze, contract. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְמַז to be squeezed in. Tosefta Eruvin 11 (8), 18 נגר … נ׳ if the bolt is sqeezed into a hole in the ground, opposite נשמט detached and lying about without a special place assigned to it; Eruvin 102ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 17, end, 16ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 6, end, 30ᶜ עד מקים שהוא נ׳ (not נקמן) as far as the projecting limb is fast (not shaken by the wind). to contract, curl. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 5, 22ᵈ top ולא יתר שהוא נ׳ ומפסיד nor must the measuring rope be longer (than fifty cubits), because then it curls and causes loss of distance in measuring (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 58ᵃ שממעט). ↗ original

קְמַח (denominative of קִמְחָא) to dress hides with flour. participle passive קָמִיחַ. Megillah 19ᵃ, see דִּיפְתְּרָא; Gittin 22ᵃ; Shabbath 79ᵃ, see מַצָּה; and elsewhere Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְמַח to pulverize. Nazir 53ᵇ דאַקְמַח אַקְמוּחֵי he pulverized (the bones). ↗ original

קֶמַח common gender (Biblical Hebrew; Assyr. Wœrterb. p. 586²) flour, first flour, contradistinguished frequently סֹלֶת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵃ bottom of the page; Kethuboth 112ᵃ, and elsewhere, see קִיבָר. Challah 1, 6, see חֲלִיטָה 2; and frequently—Avoth 3, 17 אם אין ק׳ אין … אין ק׳ without flour (sustenance) no learning, without learning no flour (enjoyment of life).—plural קְמָחִים, קְמָחִין. Kiddushin 53ᵃ; Menachoth 73ᵃ הללו … והללו מיני ק׳ these (the animal sacrifices) are blood offerings, those (the cakes etc.) are flour offerings. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 1, 57ᵇ תבואה ק׳ ובציקות grains, flours, and doughs; and elsewhere (from its color) mould gathered on wine. — plural as ab. Menachoth 8, 7 אינו … מפני הק׳ one must not take for libation from the top of the cask on account of the mould. the same place (ibid.) יין … ק׳ פסול wine on which mould is gathered is unfit for the altar. ↗ original

קֶמַח ² , flour. Targum Onkelos Genesis 18, 6. Targum Numbers 5, 15; and elsewhere—Kethuboth 62ᵇ קא נהלא ק׳ sifting flour. Betzah 29ᵇ, see נְהַל; and frequently—Pesachim 84ᵃ; Yoma 46ᵃ, and elsewhere לקִימְחֵיה, see חוּשׁ Chaldaic (Aramaic); [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) quotes variant reading לא חש לקַמֵּיה cares not what comes before him; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim to Yoma the passage cited, note 3].—plural קִמְחִין, קִמְחַיָּא, קִי׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 1, 38ᵈ top, and elsewhere, see קִמְחִית. ↗ original

קִמְחוּנְיָא Ḳimḥunia, in Babylonia. Kethuboth 67ᵃ הנהו אשלי דק׳ וכ׳ as to the ropes of Ḳ. (where they are staple goods), a woman may levy them for her jointure (כתובה). Kiddushin 25ᵇ ↗ original

קמחיה , see next word ↗ original

קִמְחִית Ḳimḥith, the mother of seven sons who served as highpriests in turn. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 72ᵃ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 1, 38ᵈ top כל קימחיא קמח וקימחא דק׳ וכ׳ (not דקימחיה) all flours are flour, but the flour of Ḳimḥith is fine flour; Vayikra Rabbah section 20. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 5, 42ᵇ בן ק׳ a son of Ḳ.; and elsewhere ↗ original

קָמַט (Biblical Hebrew) to compress; (neut. verb) to contract, curl. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 151 מעי קוֹמְטִין עלי וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קמתין, correct accordingly) my bowels curl themselves within me like a rope (compare קָמַז).—participle pass. קָמוּט folded, creased. Tosefta Nega'im 1, 8 כק׳ שנפשט like a folded sheet that has been straightened out. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִימֵּט to fold, wrinkle. Chagigah 14ᵃ (referring to Job 22, 16 קמטו) אלו … שמְקַמְּטִין עצמן וכ׳ that means the students that wrinkle themselves (cause wrinkles on their foreheads) over the words of the Law; Yalkut Shimoni Job 908.—participle passive מְקוּמָּט. Tosefta Nega'im the passage cited סדין המק׳ a creased sheet, see פָּשַׁט. to press, crowd. Chagigah 13ᵇ and the following (referring to Job the passage cited) שקִימְּטוּ עצמן להיבראות וכ׳ Munich manuscript 2 (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 20) who pressed themselves (rushed) forward to be created before the world was created, see below. Pu. פֻּעַל קוּמָּט to be crowded, rushed. the same place (ibid.) על אשר קוּמְּטוּ בלא עת Munich manuscript because they rushed (to be created) before their time; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 304.—participle מְקוּמָּט, see above. ↗ original

קְמַט , Chaldaic (Aramaic) same, to seize, hold fast; to tie. Targum Proverbs 4, 4 (edition Vilna edition יְקַמֵּט Pa'el; Hebrew text תמך). the same place (ibid.) 5, 22 (Hebrew text לכד).—Shabbath 110ᵃ קָמֵיט ליה, see below.—participle pass. קָמִיט bound, constipated. Yevamoth 64ᵇ איכא … דק׳ דמא there are families in which the blood is tied up (whose members bleed little when wounded), opposite דרפי דמא who bleed profusely. Pesachim 42ᵇ דק׳ מרפא ליה ודרפא מַקְמִיט ליה on him who is constipated it acts as a laxative, and him who is loose it constipates; Shabbath the passage cited דק׳ … קָמֵיט ליה. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַמֵּיט, Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְמֵיט to press down, double; to tie. Targum Proverbs 4, 4, see above.—Sanhedrin 95ᵃ תפשיה וקַמְּטֵיח Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) he seized and tied him (edition כפתיה קמטיה he tied him, he pressed him down); Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 155 נקטיה וק׳. Gittin 47ᵃ בעינא מְקַמְּטִינְכוּ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition אַקְמְטִינְכוּ, Rashi אִיקַמְּטִי׳) I want to tie you; קַמְּטִינְהוּ he did tie them. to cause constipation. Pesachim the passage cited; Shabbath the passage cited, see above. ↗ original

*קָמֵט (the preceding; compare קוּץ I) [shrinking,] feeling aversion. Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 626, see קיּץ I. ↗ original

קֶמֶט (the preceding words) fold, crease, wrinkle, crumple. Nega'im 7, 1 בק׳ ונגלה when the white spot was covered up by a wrinkle, and then became visible; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 13 והק׳ שנפשט. Niddah 5, 8 משיעלה הק׳ וכ׳ when wrinkles are formed under the breast; explained the same place (ibid.) 47ᵃ כדי שתחזיר ידיה … הק׳ וכ׳ when she turns her arm backwards, and it has the appearance as if there were wrinkles; and elsewhere—plural קְמָטִים, קְמָטִין. Nega'im 6, 8 הק׳ והק׳ שבצואר וכ׳ the folds on the body (armpit etc., see קוּמָּט), and the folds on the neck etc. Mikvaoth 8, 5 בית הק׳ parts of the body which have folds, contradistinguished to בית הסתרים, see סֵתֶר; Niddah 66ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) בית קְמָטֶיהָ. Bava Bathra 120ᵃ, see עָדַן; and elsewhere ↗ original

קמטון , Shabbath 145ᵇ, see קוֹמֵיס ↗ original

קַמְטְרָא (κάμπτρα = κάψα) box, chest (for clothes, books etc.). Kelim 16, 7, contradistinguished to קופסא. Oholoth 9, 15. Berachoth 25ᵇ and the following גלימא אק׳ a cloak spread over a box (containing sacred books); and elsewhere—plural (Chaldaic (Aramaic)) קוּמְטְרַיָּא, קוּמְטְרִין, קַמְטְרֵי. Targum 2 Kings 10, 22 (Regia קֻמְ׳). Targum Ezekiel 27, 24 (Regia קוּמְטַרְוָן; edition Lagarde edition קַמְטַרְוָון).—Megillah 26ᵇ ק׳ דספרי book chests. ↗ original

קַמְטְרָיָא (the preceding; compare Lat. capsarius) Ḳamṭraya (Superintendent of Clothes, see Targum 2 Kings 10, 22), surname of one Simon. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵈ top of the page ↗ original

קָמֵי , see קָמָה ↗ original

קַמֵּי construct state = קוֹמֵי before, in the presence of. Berachoth 3ᵃ; Gittin 6ᵇ ק׳ שמיא, see סְפֵקָא. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Abbahu 2) (referring to Ezekiel 24, 6) אוי מן ק׳ דקרתא וכ׳ woe on account (compare Hebrew מִפְּנֵי) of the town in which they shed blood! Betzah 27ᵃ שדריה לקַמֵּיה דר׳ וכ׳ he sent it before R. A. (for his decision). Berachoth 6ᵇ [read:] ק׳ מרך or קַמֵּיה דמרך, see בְּדוּבַר. the same place (ibid.) 16ᵃ קתני קמיה דר׳ וכ׳ reported in the presence (under the presidency) of R. J. the same place (ibid.) 24ᵃ הוה קאימנא קמיה דרבא I was standing before (attending) Raba. the same place (ibid.) 42ᵃ אייתו לקַמַּיְּיהוּ וכ׳ they placed before them bread etc. the same place (ibid.) לבתר … מקמייהו after the tray was removed from before them; and very frequently—Sotah 2ᵇ מאי דקַמָּא what is this before (us)?, i.e. what does this mean? Kethuboth 67ᵇ, see קָמָא I. Pesachim 3ᵇ דקַמָּן, see קָמָא I. the same place (ibid.) 84ᵃ; Yoma 46ᵃ לא חש לקמיה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קִמְחָא.—2) before, ere. Chullin 39ᵃ מק׳ דשמעה וכ׳ before he had heard it from R. etc.; the same place (ibid.) 139ᵃ (not מקמיה); and frequently ↗ original

קמיליא , see קמולא ↗ original

קָמִין (κάμινος) furnace, kiln. Tosefta Sotah 15, 7 והטילוהו בק׳ they threw him into a furnace; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, 24ᵇ top והחזירו לק׳ (read: והטילו).—Esp. the furnace room of the bath-house. Vayikra Rabbah section 14 אם המתין אדם בק׳ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition אם ישהא … בחמין) if a person stays in the furnace room any length of time; Tanchuma edition Buber edition Thazriʿa 4 נתין בקמון (correct accordingly; Tanchuma the same place (ibid.) 3 בחמין). Tosefta Mikvaoth 5, 7 המת במרחץ ק׳ טמא וכ׳ if a corpse lies in the bath-house, the furnace room is unclean etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 3, 6ᵃ top היו סותמין את הק׳ וכ׳ they used to stop off the furnace on Friday, and people went in and bathed etc. Tosefta Bava Bathra 3, 3 variant reading (see יֶקֶם); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 14ᶜ bottom of the page ↗ original

קָמֵיעַ (קָמַע) [suspended,] amulet. Kelim 23, 1 הק׳ the (parchment) amulet. Shabbath 6, 2, see מוּמְחֶה. the same place (ibid.) 61ᵃ ק׳ של כתב a written amulet; ק׳ של עיקרין an amulet containing roots; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 8ᵇ top ק׳ … בעשבים. the same place (ibid.) נאמן … ק׳ זה וכ׳ a physician may be relied upon when he says, this amulet is approved, I cured with it etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 45 ק׳ היא צריכה she (Sarah) needs an amulet (for sterility). Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 יהא הק׳ הזה עליך וכ׳ wear this amulet that the evil eye may no longer have power over thee; Tanchuma Naso 17; Pesikta Rabbati section 5; and frequently—[Tanchuma the passage cited נתן לה קמיעה, correct accordingly]—plural קְמֵיעִים, קְמֵיעִין. Bereshith Rabbah section 77 הוא בא אליך וחמשה ק׳ וכ׳ (not וחמש) he (Jacob) comes to thee provided with five amulets: his own merit, his father’s merit etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְמֵיעָא Kiddushin 73ᵇ תלי … ק׳ a child found with a tablet or an amulet suspended from its neck. Pesachim 111ᵇ לק׳ in order to know how to write the amulet; and elsewhere ↗ original

קמיעה , see קְמֵיעַ ↗ original

קְמִיצָה (קָמַץ) taking a fistful of the meal-offering. Menachoth 9ᵃ מק׳ ואילך מצות כהונה all the manipulations from the taking of the fistful and onward are priestly functions. Megillah 16ᵃ הלכות ק׳ the rules concerning ḳ’mitsah; and frequently—Menachoth 11ᵃ; Kethuboth 5ᵇ זו ק׳ this (the third finger) is used for ḳ.— plural קְמִיצוֹת. Menachoth 18ᵇ; Tosefta Demai 2, 7; and frequently ↗ original

קמירות , see קָמַר ↗ original

קמלפי , Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 841 סיב ק׳, see סִיבַק ↗ original

קמן , Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 6, end, 30ᶜ נקמן, see קָמַז ↗ original

קַמָּן , see קַמֵּי ↗ original

קמסקלתור , Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 989, see קוֹמֵיס ↗ original

קָמַע (compare קָמַט) to press, squeeze; to pass and knot straps. Bechoroth 30ᵇ מעשה באשה … והיתה קוֹמַעַת וכ׳ a woman was married to a ḥaber (חָבר), and she fastened the straps of the T’fillin for him, and when afterwards married to a publican, she knotted the custom seals for him; Avodah Zarah 39ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קושרת); Tosefta Demai 2, 17. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 6, 1 הסנדל משיִקְמַע the sandal is susceptible of uncleanness when the straps are attached. ↗ original

קִמְעָא common gender (the preceding; compare קוֹמֶץ) a little, somewhat. Pesachim 113ᵇ אוכל … ק׳ eats much and passes little. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, beginning 40ᵇ בתחלה ק׳ ק׳ וכ׳ first the redemption comes little by little, and then etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᶜ קִימְאָה; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 10. the same place (ibid.) to 4, 4, see זוּעַ Hebrew; and frequently ↗ original

קַמְפּוֹן (campus, κάμπος, accus.) plain for exercise and amusement. Kelim 23, 2 מפני שעומדין עליו בקמ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בקומ׳; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word קנפון: בקנפון) because soldiers at sports stand on it. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach 82ᵇ כל עמא יפקון לק׳ let all people go out to the campus (for public court); Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 14; Vayikra Rabbah section 6. Vayikra Rabbah section 31 יהו מחזירין אותו בק׳ they shall make him go around in the campus (for public disgrace); Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 810; Devarim Rabbah section 2 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) variant reading קנ׳, see עֲקִיפִים. Pesikta Rabbati section 21 מלך … בקימ׳ (correct accordingly) a king going out to the plain for sport, opposite יוצא למלחמה. Kelim 24, 1 שמשחקין בו בקוּנְפּוֹן (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בקנ׳; Hai G. בקופ׳, correct accordingly) with which they play in the field; and frequently ↗ original

קָמַץ (Biblical Hebrew) to compress, close the hand, grasp. Pesachim 7, 2 יִקְמוֹץ את מקומו he must grab (take a handful of the flour from) its place (where the juice has dripped on it).—Esp. to take a fistful (קוֹמֶץ) of the meal-offering (by bending three fingers over to the wrist and striking the flour off with the thumb on top and with the little finger below). Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Chaldaic (Aramaic) 10, Parah 9 יכול יקמוץ וכ׳ you may think he may grab with the tips of his fingers. the same place (ibid.) יכול מצוה שיִקְמְצֶנָּה … קְמָצָהּ וכ׳ you may think the proper thing is for the priest to take off the fistful, but if a layman did it, it is legal. Menachoth 2, 1 הקוֹמֵץ את וכ׳ if the priest takes a grab of the meal-offering with the intention of eating etc.; and frequently—participle pass. קָמוּץ closed. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 14 צבי … ועינו אחת קְמוּצָה the deer when sleeping has one eye open and one closed. to leap. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 685 קומץ כאיל, see קָפַץ. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְמִיץ to perform the קְמִיצָה. Vayikra Rabbah section 3 ה׳ ואכל וכ׳ he took the handful for the altar, and ate the rest. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְמָץ to be grabbed from. Menachoth 3, 3 שתי … שלא נִקְמְצוּ וכ׳ two meal-offerings which were mixed up before the altar’s share had been taken off. the same place (ibid.) 18ᵇ בנִקְמָצוֹת concerning such offerings as are subject to קְמִיצָה; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל קִימֵּץ to scrape off (with bent fingers). Chullin 50ᵃ מְקַמְּצִין you must take off a little from the surface.—Transferred to take off a share. Bava Bathra 106ᵇ שני אחין שחלקו … מקמצין if two brothers divide an estate, and then a third brother comes from abroad …, they have to give him each a share from their portion, opposite בטלה מחלוקת the division is null and void (and a new division by lot has to be made); the same place (ibid.) 107ᵃ; and elsewhere to scrape together, collect. Pesikta Rabbati section 20 מְקַמֵּץ (not מקמיץ), see סַרְֹטָן. Kethuboth 7, 10 אלו … והמקמץ the following are those whom the court forces to release their wives, … and the scraper; explained the same place (ibid.) 77ᵃ המקבץ צואת כלבים he that collects excrements of dogs; (another interpret.) המק׳ זה בורסי ‘the scraper’ (of excrements) means the tanner; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 7, 11 המקמץ את הצואה (not הצועה) who collects excrements; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7, end, 31ᵈ. Chagigah 4ᵃ; 7ᵇ to be parsimonious. Chullin 46ᵃ וסימניך עשירין מקמצין and as a mnemonical sign (to remember which of the two it was that threw the liver away, and which used it) it may serve thee: ‘the rich are parsimonious’ (R. Simon who was rich used it); Menachoth 86ᵃ ↗ original

קְמַץ to grab, take a fistful. Targum Leviticus 2, 2; 5, 12.—Menachoth 11ᵃ כדקַמְצֵי אינשי as people ordinarily grab (putting the hand in and taking a handful of flower out). Bereshith Rabbah section 5, see חֲפַן; and frequently to press, close (the eye). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, beginning 14ᵇ דו קָמֵיץ חדא וכ׳ for it (the deer in sleep) closes one eye etc., see the preceding—participle passive קְמִיץ. Targum Song of Songs 8, 14. to scrape off. Chullin 50ᵃ קְמוֹץ הב וכ׳ scrape the surface off and give me (the fat) to eat. the same place (ibid.) קַמְצוּ וכ׳ they scraped the surface off and etc. to leap. Berachoth 63ᵃ קְמֹץ Munich manuscript (edition קבוץ; Manuscript Florence קפוץ), see זוּל I Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

קֹמֶץ , see קוֹמֶץ ↗ original

קָמְצָא , see קוּמְצָא I, 2. ↗ original

קַמְצָא 1 common gender (קְמַץ 4) [hopper,] locust. Targum Nahum, Book of 3, 15 (Hebrew text ילק).—Eduy. 8, 4, and elsewhere איל ק׳, see אַיִל. Shabbath 77ᵇ מ"ט קרנא דק׳ וכ׳ why is the proboscis of the locust soft (flexible)?; [Rashi: = נמלה, see below; early edition Rashi: שבלול]. the same place (ibid.) האי מאן … לק׳ וכ׳ if you want to make a locust blind, break off its proboscis. Yevamoth 121ᵇ ודילמא ק׳ בעלמא וכ׳ perhaps it was merely a dead locust (or ant) to which playing children gave a man’s name?; and frequently—plural קַמְצִין, קַמְצֵי. Targum Numbers 13, 33 (Hebrew text חגבים). Targum Proverbs 30, 27 (Hebrew text ארבה); and elsewhere—Taanith 21ᵇ אמרו … אתו ק׳ וכ׳ when they told R. J. that the locusts were coming, he ordered a fast; and frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ bottom of the page אכל קמצין, probably to be read: חמיצן, see חָמֵץ 2.] (קְמַץ 1) [scraper, collector,] ant. Shabbath the passage cited; Yevamoth the passage cited, see above.—plural as ab. Berachoth 54ᵇ אייתי … ק׳ וכ׳ the Lord sent ants which made holes in the mountain etc.— snail. Bereshith Rabbah section 21 כהדין ק׳ דלבושיה וכ׳ (‘Rashi’ קומצא) like the snail whose garment is part of its body. [The entire phrase is a gloss, see Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 34, and קמצא is perhaps a clerical error for לימצ"א which see] ↗ original

קַמְצָא 2 Ḳamtsa; בר ק׳ Bar Ḳamtsa. Gittin 55ᵇ אק׳ ובר ק׳ חריב וכ׳ through an affair concerning Ḳ. and Bar Ḳ. Jerusalem was destroyed; Echah Rabbah to 4, 2 בין ק׳ ובין בן ק׳ חרב מקדשא. ↗ original

קמצון , see next word ↗ original

קַמְצוּץ (קָמַץ) compressed condition, bent up, doubled. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 9, 57ᵈ אם מצאו ק׳ וכ׳ if one finds a corpse, in the ground, doubled, we say, debris fell upon him, opposite פשוט. the same place (ibid.) [read:] סברין מימר ראשיהם בצד מרגלותיהם זהו ק׳ they thought ‘their head beside their feet’ (of corpses found in the ground) meant ḳamtsuts (that each body’s head was lying by its feet). Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 7, 34ᵈ קַמְצִיץ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 5, beginning 55ᵈ מת ק׳ היה נתון וכ׳ (not קמצון) a doubled (mangled) body is under it (i.e. a mangled body was found there, and a mark was put over it); Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, 23ᶜ top קמציץ. ↗ original

קַמְצָן (קָמַץ) grasping, greedy; בן ק׳ a greedy person. Tosefta Sotah 13, 8 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading חַמְסָן), see חַמְצָן. ↗ original

קַמְצָר Ben Ḳamtsar (denominative of קֹמֶץ, writing four letters simultaneously with four pens between his fingers). Yoma 3, 11. the same place (ibid.) 38ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, end, 41ᵇ; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 6 של בית ק׳ those of the house of Ḳ. ↗ original

קמקמה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᵇ, see קִימֹּושָׁא ↗ original

קָמַר (compare כָּמַר) to bend, arch over, cover. Eruvin 8, 9 שמבחוץ צריך לִקְמוֹר the pit (עוּקָה) outside of his private ground he must arch over; and elsewhere—participle passive קָמוּר; feminine קְמוּרָה etc. the same place (ibid.) 10 ביב שהוא ק׳ וכ׳ a gutter covered up four cubits on public ground; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 9 (6), 18; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, end, 25ᵇ. Oholoth 3, 7. the same place (ibid.) 5, 1 תנור … ועינו ק׳ לחוץ an oven which stands in the house, but the arch over its ‘eye’ (fire-place) is outside the house; (R. Hai G. explained כָּמוּר וסדור; see Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word קמר). Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 אין צב אלא קְמוּרוֹת (not קמי׳) tsab (Numbers 7, 3) means wagons with vaulted covers; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְמַר , to bend; (compare כפת, כפף) to tie.—Denom. קָמוֹר. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַמֵּר to girdle. Targum Lamentations 2, 10 קַמָּארוּ edition Lagarde edition (other edition קְמַרוּ Pe.). Targum Psalms 65, 13.—[Zend ḳamara, arch, girdle, Greek καμάρα, of Semitic origin.] ↗ original

קַמְרָא girdle, see קָמוֹר. ↗ original

קַמְרוֹטָא , see next word ↗ original

קַמְרוֹטוֹן (καμάρωτον, supply (understood word) ὄχημα, S.) vaulted, arch-covered carriage. — plural קַמְרוֹטִין, קַמְרוֹטָא (= καμάρωτα). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 4 (explained צב, Numbers 7, 3, see קָמַר) כמין ק׳ היו וכ׳ (not קמרי׳) the wagons were like the tilted carts, in order that the sacred vessels might not be split (through close packing), see אִסְקְפַסְטִי; Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 כמין כמרוסא היו כיפין עשויות (read קמרוטא, and strike out כיפין as a gloss explained our word); Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 2ᵈ קמרסטא; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 1, 52ᵃ top קמרסטה; Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 713 קמרסטא (obviously καμαραστα, frequently a verb καμαράζω). Bereshith Rabbah section 31 כמין קומרוטין וכ׳ (some edition קומרוטון, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קמרוטין) Noah’s ark was shaped like the tilted wagons, and it was so curved that the top was one cubit broad; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 54 קמרוטין. ↗ original

קִמְרוֹן (קָמַר) arched lid. Kelim 16, 7. the same place (ibid.) 18, 2. ↗ original

קמריטון , see קַמְרוֹטוֹן ↗ original

קַמְרַסְטָא , see קַמְרוֹטוֹן ↗ original

קָמְתָא , see קָמָא 2 ↗ original

קמתין , Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 151 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קָמַט ↗ original

*קַן (see קוּן) preparation, arrangement. Gittin 6ᵃ top קן קולמוסא וקן מגילתא (שמע) אפי׳ even if the husband ordering a letter of divorce to be written heard only the sound produced by the cutting of the pen and the unfolding of the parchment; [Rashi: קן onomatopoetic: crackling, crepitation; variant reading קַל sound]. ↗ original

קֵן common gender (Biblical Hebrew; nest; birds in a nest. Chullin 12, 1, and frequently שילוח הקן the duty of letting the mother bird go when a nest is taken out (Deuteronomy 22, 6 and the following). Bereshith Rabbah section 19 אש יוצאה מקִינֹּו fire goes forth from its nest and burns it (the phœnix, see חוֹל 2); Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12; Yalkut Shimoni Job 917 מקִנֹּו. Shemoth Rabbah section 20 מצאו להם קן they (the Israelites) found a nest for themselves (with referring to Psalms 84, 4); and frequently (fem.) the couple of sacrificial birds (Leviticus 12, 8; 14, 30; and elsewhere). Ḳinnim 2, 1 קן סתומה a couple of birds concerning which it has not yet been decided which is to be the burnt offering, and which the sin offering; the same place (ibid.) 4 קן מפורשת which has been decided upon; and frequently—plural קִנִּים, קִנִּין, קִי׳. Kerithoth 28ᵃ אין הק׳ מתפרשות וכ׳ the special designation of the couples is made either by the owner or by the priest’s action. Nedarim 4, 3 קִינֵּי זבין the bird sacrifices of those cured from gonorrhœa; ק׳ יולדות those of women after confinement; and frequently—Ḳinnim, Ḳinnin, name of a treatise of the Mishnah, of the Order of Ḳodashim. cavity, chamber. — plural as ab. Vayikra Rabbah section 14, see כִּינָּה, a. כֹּונָנִית. Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 9 שלא נבראו בי ק׳ וכ׳ because no chambers (for the reception of prophecy) were created within me until now etc.; (Shemoth Rabbah section 28 לא נתנה לו רשות להתנבאות no permission to prophesy had been given him). ↗ original

קֵן ² nest, swarm. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 22, 6 (edition Berlin edition קִינָא). Targum Isaiah 10, 14 (edition Vilna edition קִנָה, correct accordingly). Targum Judges 14, 8. Targum I Samuel 14, 27 (Hebrew text יערת); and frequently—Chullin 141ᵇ זיל טרוף אקן וכ׳ go and knock at the nest, that the birds be moved, and thus take possession of them. Gittin 68ᵇ ק׳ דתרנגולא ברא the nest of a woodcock; חפיוה לקִינֵּיה וכ׳ they covered his nest with white glass; and frequently—Sanhedrin 102ᵇ (proverb) דפרע קִנְאֵיה מחריב קִינֵּיה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) he that wreaks his vengeance destroys his own nest (edition דפרע קיניה מחריב ביתיה, read with Manuscript Florence קנאיה).—plural קִנֵּי, קִי׳. Eruvin 3ᵃ (explained אמלתרא) ק׳ nest-shaped cornices.—קַן נִשְׁרַיָּיא proper noun of a place Eagles’ Nest, Ḳan-Nishraya (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3673), Kennesrin on the Euphrates. Rosh Hashanah 26ᵃ (Munich manuscript קנשרייא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). close place. Bava Kamma 58ᵇ תלתא … בק׳ וכ׳ three date-trees stood in one place (close together). the same place (ibid.) 92ᵇ, see שְׂרָכָא. Sukkah 32ᵇ תלתא תלתא טרפי בק׳ three leaves close together (Rashi: on one stem, = קַן, קָנֶה). ↗ original

קָנָא , Pi'el קִנֵּא, see קני I. ↗ original

קְנָא , Pa'el קַנֵּי, see קְנֵי I. ↗ original

קְנֵא to buy, see קְנֵי 2. ↗ original

קַנָּא , see קַנַּאי ↗ original

קִנְאָה jealousy, envy, passion; emulation, zeal. Avoth 4, 21 הק׳ והתאוה וכ׳ jealousy, lust, and ambition carry man out of the world (see יָצָא). Bava Bathra 21ᵃ; 22ᵃ קִנְאַת סופרים וכ׳ emulation among scholars increases wisdom. Megillah 7ᵃ ק׳ את מעוררת עלינו וכ׳ thou wilt arouse the envy of the nations against us. Gittin 7ᵃ (play on קינה וכ׳, Joshua 15, 22) כל מי שיש לו קׄ' … ודׄומׄס שוכן עׄדׄי עׄדׄ וכ׳ if a man has cause for anger against a fellowman and keeps silence, he who is enthroned for evermore will do justice to him. Sotah 2ᵇ (explained קִינּוּי) דבר המטיל ק׳ וכ׳ something which causes ill feeling between her and others (the witnesses that tell); המטיל ק׳ בינו לבינה which causes ill feeling between himself (the husband) and her. Berachoth 33ᵇ מטיל ק׳ במעשה וכ׳ he causes jealousy among the works of creation (intimating that God’s love of his creatures is partial). Shabbath 89ᵃ ק׳ יש ביניכם is there envy among you (the angels, that you must be warned not to commit murder etc.)? Bava Kamma 82ᵃ מכניס … את הק׳ causes love to enter (into man’s heart) and ill-will to escape; and frequently—plural קְנָאוֹת. Bamidbar Rabbah section 9; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִנְאָה ² Targum Numbers 5, 14, and the following; the same place (ibid.) 18 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Vienna edition קִנְאֵיתִי, correct accordingly). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 5, 9. Targum Proverbs 27, 4; and frequently—Sotah 2ᵇ אתו למיעבד ק׳ בהדה they will be the cause of rancor (towards her husband) in her heart; איהו … ק׳ בהדה he will be the cause of her rancor.—Sanhedrin 102ᵇ קִנְאֵיה (frequently קנא), see קִנָּא. ↗ original

קַנַּאי zealous. Sanhedrin 82ᵇ ק׳ בן ק׳ הוא he (Eleazar) is a zealous man, son of a zealous man; Vayikra Rabbah section 33 ק׳ בר ק׳. revengeful. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 72, see קוּנְיוֹן.—plural קַנָּאִים, קַנָּאִין. Sanhedrin 9, 6 (81ᵇ) הק׳ פיגעין בו (בשעת מעשה) Munich manuscript (edition ק׳ פוגעין בו; Yerushalmi (prefix) edition פיגעין בהן, omitting ק׳) zealous people (like Phineas) have a right to strike him (them) when caught in the act; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, end, 27ᵇ; Bamidbar Rabbah section 20 end.—Esp. the zealots, the terrorists during the siege of Jerusalem by the Romans. Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 6, end בקשו ק׳ לשרוף וכ׳ the zealots wanted to burn all this wealth (see סִיקָרִין).—Fem. קַנָּאִית; see קִנְאָנִית. ↗ original

קַנַּאי ² Targum Exodus 20, 5; Deuteronomy 5, 9. Targum Exodus 34, 14; a. e—plural קַנָּאִין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 4, 24. ↗ original

קַנָּאִית , see קִנְאָנִית ↗ original

קִנְאֵיתָא , see קִנְאָה Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

קִנְאָנִית (the preceding words) inclined to jealousy. Bereshith Rabbah section 18 ולא מן הלב שלא תהא קנאת׳ (some edition קִנָּתָנִית) nor will I create her from Adam’s heart, lest she be of a jealous disposition; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 24; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 265 קנאנית.—plural קִנְאָנִיּוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 45; Devarim Rabbah section 6 (some edition קַנָּאִיּוֹת, frequently קַנָּאִית). ↗ original

קִנְאֲתָא , see קִנְאָה Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

קִנְאֲתָנית , see קִנְאָנִית ↗ original

קָנב , Pi'el קִינֵּב to strip, trim, make even, clean (vegetable). Kelim 16, 2 משיחסום וִיקַנֵּב when he has peeled them (the wicker baskets) and trimmed them (pinched off the projecting pricks); the same place (ibid.) 3. the same place (ibid.) 4 (of leather implements). Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 7, 11 (not וינקב); 12. Tosefta Demai 4, 5 לְקַנֵּב, see אִיסְפַּרְגּוֹס. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 31ᵃ bottom of the page מְקַנֵּב he may clean (vegetable); and elsewhere—participle passive מְקוּנָּב. Tosefta Kelim the passage cited חתוכין ומְקוּנָּבִין cut and cleansed. ↗ original

קְנַב , Pa'el קַנֵּיב Chaldaic (Aramaic) same. Shabbath 73ᵇ האי מאן דקַנֵּיב סלקא (or דקָנֵיב) he who trims beets (in the ground). the same place (ibid.) 115ᵃ מְקַנְּבֵי כרבא cleaned cabbage (on the Day of Atonement towards evening).—5. קוּנְבִּיתָא. ↗ original

קִנְבָּא , see קְנִיבָה ↗ original

קַנְבּוֹס (κάνναβος, κάνναβις) hemp. Kilayim 2, 5 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קנביס). the same place (ibid.) 5, 8 הק׳ hemp planted in a vineyard; and frequently—[Shabbath 120ᵃ הקנבוס Munich manuscript, see קוֹלְבִין.] ↗ original

קנביטון , Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 479, see אַקּוּבִּיטוֹן. ↗ original

קַנְבִּיס , see קַנְבּוֹס ↗ original

קנגי , words in an incantation. Yoma 84ᵃ, see כנתי ↗ original

קְנִגְיוֹן , see קְנִיגְיוֹן ↗ original

קנדי , see קנגי ↗ original

קַנְדִּילָא (candela) candle, in gen. lamp, light. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 11, and elsewhere, see עֲשָׁשִׁיתָא. Bereshith Rabbah section 4 כהדין ק׳ (supply (understood word) דעששיתא) like the oil floating on the water in a lamp; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 5 קנדליא (correct accordingly). Esther Rabbah to 1, 3 קַנְדֵּלָה, see פַּטִּים; and elsewhere—plural (Hebrew form) קַנְדִּילִים; קַנְדִּילִין, קַנְדִּילַיָּא. the same place (ibid.), see פִּקְטִים. Echah Rabbah to 3, 7 הוה מסדר קנדילי־ה (not מסדרא) prepared his Sabbath lights; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 5, 56ᵃ top עביד קַנְדִּילוֹי. ↗ original

קַנְדֵּלָה , see the preceding ↗ original

קנדס , see קִינָרָס ↗ original

קנדקי , Targum 2 Esther 1, 14, some edition, read: הִנְדִּיקִי. ↗ original

קָנָה , see קני 2 ↗ original

קִנָּה = = קֵן nest; (קָנַן) affirmation, oath, vow. ק׳ מאי ק׳ של תרנגולין … לשון דקונם מיבעי if a person used the word ḳinnah to introduce a vow, how is it? did he mean a nest of chickens (in which case there would be no vow), or has it the meaning of confirmation like ḳonam? It remains doubtful. ↗ original

קָנֶה calamus, reed; anything resembling a reed, branch of a candlestick; windpipe etc. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 6 (legend about the origin of Rome) ירד … ק׳ גדול וכ׳ Michael the archangel came down and planted a large reed in the sea etc. Taanith 20ᵃ לעולם … רך כק׳ וכ׳ man must at all times be yielding like a reed and not unbending like a cedar, see קוֹלְמוֹס. Tosefta Shabbath 12 (13), 14 ק׳ של מנורה the branch of a candlestick; Shabbath 47ᵃ קְנֵה מנורה; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 12, 13ᶜ קְנֵי. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ של ציידין a part of the composite pole which the hunters use (to reach the nests); Babylonian the passage cited קְ׳ סיידין of the whitewashers; Tosefta the passage cited ציידין (variant reading ס׳). Kerithoth 5ᵃ קְנֵה בשם sweet calamus. Kelim 17, 16 קְ׳ מאזניים the beam of the balance. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ של עני וכ׳ the poor man’s cane which has a receptacle for water.—דחה בק׳, see דָּחָה.—Berachoth 61ᵃ bottom of the page ק׳ מוציא קול the windpipe produces sound. Chullin 21ᵇ; Zevachim 65ᵇ עד שמגיע … לק׳ until he reaches (with his nail) the gullet or the windpipe. Chullin 28ᵇ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) נבדקיה לק׳ וכ׳ let him examine the windpipe and cut it etc. Menachoth 11, 6 עשרים … כחצי ק׳ חלול twenty-eight staves shaped like a segment of a hollow reed; and frequently—Oholoth 1, 8 ק׳ = קְנֵה זרוע forearm.—קְנֵה שפה, see קָמָה.—הושיט בק׳ [to hold forth on a cane,] to treat lightly, consider unimportant. Bamidbar Rabbah section 8 end דבר … והושיטו לו בק׳ (not והושיטה) something for which that ancestor prostrated himself in prayer (Genesis 28, 20) …, and now comes this man (Aquila) and holds it up to contempt!; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 123; Bereshith Rabbah section 70. the same place (ibid.) את מושיטו לזה בק׳ dost thou make it appear contemptible to this man?; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 8.—plural קָנִים, קָנִין. Menachoth the passage cited the same place (ibid.) סידור ק׳ the arrangement of the staves between the cakes of the show-bread. Kelim 17, 17, and frequently מחצלת ק׳ a reed mat. Shemoth Rabbah section 35 (referring to Psalms 68, 31) חיה הדרה בין הק׳ the beast that dwells among the reeds (Rome, see Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 6, quoted above). Bereshith Rabbah section 1 עשיר … לק׳ he is a rich man and needs no reeds (for his house); הרי הוא צריך לקְנֵי המדה he still needs the measuring rods; and frequently ↗ original

קָנֶה ² Chaldaic (Aramaic), see קָנֵי ↗ original

קְנוּבְקָאוֹת cakes made of flour of parched grain, kneaded with oil, and intended to be reduced again to flour by rubbing between one’s hands; brittle cakes. Challah 1, 5 וכן הק׳ חייבות and so are brittle cakes subject to Ḥallah; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 57ᵈ and the following [read:] וכן הק׳ חייבות … שלא תאמר וכ׳ and so are the brittle cakes subject etc., that you may not think, because they are to be reduced to flour, they ought to be exempt. ↗ original

קְנוֹבֶת , see קְנִיבָה ↗ original

קְנוּבְתָּא , see קְנִיבְתָּא ↗ original

קִנּוּחַ , see קִינּוּחַ ↗ original

קנוטרוכוס , see גַּנְדְּרוֹפּוֹס ↗ original

קִנּוּי , see קִינּוּי ↗ original

קָנוֹן (denominative of קָנֶה) a reed basket, contradistinguished to סַל, a common wicker basket. Moed Katan 3, 7. Betzah 1, 8 (14ᵇ) (missing in Munich manuscript; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 20; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 4, 51ᵇ bottom of the page; and elsewhere—plural קְנוֹנִים, קְנוֹנִין. Kelim 16, 3; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 5, 13 (not קני׳). ↗ original

קְנוֹנְיָא , see קִינוֹנְיָא ↗ original

קִנּוֹף , see sub קִינּ׳. ↗ original

קְנוֹקְנוֹת (reduplic. of קָנֶה) [little reeds, tubes.] branch sinews of the nervus ischiadicus; thin branches of the grape vine. Chullin 92ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 92ᵃ ק׳ שבה וכ׳ the rods on the grape vine are typical of the empty (meritless) in Israel.—[Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 40 קינוקנות (variant reading כִּידוֹן) chastising rods.] ↗ original

קִנוֹת , see קִינָה ↗ original

קנח , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ, see קְנָת ↗ original

קָנַח , Pi'el קִינֵּחַ to wipe off, cleanse. Tosefta Bava Bathra 5, 4 קוֹנֵחַ מן האגן (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) קודח מן האגד, correct accordingly) he may wipe off (the wine or oil which is left after measuring) on the rim of the measure. Berachoth 8, 3 מְקַנֵּחַ ידיו וכ׳ a person may wipe his hands with the napkin and let it lie on the table. Shabbath 21, 3 מְקַנְּחִין בו you may wipe the table with it. the same place (ibid.) 81ᵇ לקַנֵּחַ וכ׳ to wipe off (the posteriors) with etc. Bava Bathra 5, 10 הסיטון מקנח וכ׳ the wholesaler must cleanse (by rubbing) his measures once in thirty days; and frequently Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַנֵּחַ to be wiped off. Chullin 36ᵃ בנ׳ הדם וכ׳ when the blood was wiped off between the cutting of one organ (סִימָן) and the other. ↗ original

קְנַח , Pa'el קַנַּח Chaldaic (Aramaic) same. Vayikra Rabbah section 28, end וקַנְּחֵיה, see אֲזָא; and elsewhere—Nedarim 10ᵇ מְקַנַּחְנָא, see קְנַם.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 43ᵃ מתקנחא, read as Yerushalmi (prefix) Orlah 1, end, 61ᶜ מתקנתה, see תְּקַן.] ↗ original

קָנַט (sec. root or radix of קוּט or קָטַט) [to cut; to shrink], see קָנִיט. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְנִיט [ [to cut,] to vex, annoy, make angry. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 3 בוכה אני שהִקְנַטְתִּי את אבא (edition Buber edition שהכעסתי) I weep because I provoked my father. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shubah, p. 165ᵃ לא … לא הִקְנַטְנוּ אותו have we not provoked him to anger? have we not annoyed him? Chullin 122ᵇ; 55ᵇ, and elsewhere אל תַּקְנִיטֵנִי שבלשון יחיד וכ׳ do not weary me (with thy arguments), for I am teaching this as an individual opinion (not as an adopted rule); and frequently to shrink, fail. Tanchuma edition Buber edition Thazriʿa 4 נפשו מַקְנֶטֶת עליו (Manuscript Rome קניטה) his soul within him would faint (edition Tanchuma 3 מצירה).—5. קָנִיט. ↗ original

קְנַט , to loathe. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 21, 4 (Hebrew text קצר); the same place (ibid.) 5 (Hebrew text קוּץ). Pa'el פִּעֵל קַנֵּט to vex. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 22, 20. Targum Job 19, 2 manuscript (edition תנקט׳, correct accordingly). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְנֵיט same. Targum Psalms 69, 6 מַקְנִיטַי (some edition מקטיני, correct accordingly). Targum Ruth 1, 15 (Hebrew text פגע). ↗ original

קִנְטוֹר , see sub קִינְ׳. ↗ original

קנטורים , Pesikta Rabbati addit. section 2 (edition Friedman p. 197ᵃ), see קִטְרוֹן 2 ↗ original

קִנְטִין , Tosefta Maasroth 3, 14 variant reading, see קוּטְנִין ↗ original

קִנְטִינָר (centenarium) (= centuria) [a number of acres of ground,] large court. Tosefta Bava Bathra 6, 24 ק׳ אני מוכר וכ׳ if a man says, I sell thee a centenar, he must deliver to him an area of twelve (cubits) by twelve; Bava Bathra 98ᵇ קנתיר (Munich manuscript קנתור; Manuscript Hamburg קנתינר; Manuscript Rome קנטינר); explained the same place (ibid.) תרבץ אפדני court for a villa. a hundred thousand sesterces, a weight corresp. to Hebrew כִּכָּר; (abbreviated or abbreviation) קִנְטֵיר, קִנְטֵר, קִנְטְרָא, קִי׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 25, 39 קנטנר. the same place (ibid.) 37, 24 קנטינר (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קנטר). Targum I Chronicles 20, 2 קנטר, קנטינר edition Lagarde edition (edition Rahmer קנטיניר, variant reading קנטר). Targum 2 Chronicles 23, 11; and elsewhere—Bechoroth 50ᵃ איכא … לקינטרא תיקלא there is a place where the centenarium is called tikla; Bava Metzia 87ᵃ לקנטירא.—plural קִנְטִינָרִין, קִנְטֵירִין, קִינְטְרִין, קִנְטְרֵי, קִנְטְרַיָּא, קַ׳, קִי׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 38, 24; 25; 27. Targum I Chronicles 19, 6; and elsewhere—Bechoroth the passage cited כל כסף … דכתובין ק׳ וכ׳ wherever ‘silver’ is mentioned in the Pentateuch, it means Sela, in the Prophets, litrae, in the Hagiographa, centenaria, except the silver mentioned in the transaction of Ephron (Genesis 23) where it means centenaria; Bava Metzia the passage cited דלא שקל מיניה אלא ק׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 70) he (Ephron) would not accept anything of him (Abraham) but centenaria; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 102; Bereshith Rabbah section 58 קונ׳. Shemoth Rabbah section 42, see מֶסֶךְ. Vayikra Rabbah section 28 עשרת … ק׳ דכספא the ten thousand hundredweights of silver (Esther 3, 9). the same place (ibid.) בעשרה ק׳ worth ten centenaria; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Haʿomer, p. 71ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִנְטֵיר , see the preceding ↗ original

קִנְטֵר (compare קָנַט) [to sting,] to chide. Pesachim 66ᵃ התחיל מְקַנְטְרָן בדברים he began to chide them with words; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 33ᵃ מקנתרן. Bereshith Rabbah section 98. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 7 מפני שקִינְטְרָן ולפי וכ׳ because he rebuked them, and as they took their father’s rebuke (in silence), they were allowed to be recorded side by side with Aaron etc.; Bamidbar Rabbah section 13 שקִינְתְּרָן. the same place (ibid.) בירך … ומְקַנְתֵּר וכ׳ he blessed the tribes (his sons) and chided Reuben etc.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 16ᵈ bottom of the page מבריחן … ומקנתרן בקלה would he let them escape (unrebuked) from the heavier sin, and rebuke them for the lighter? Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, 24ᵈ bottom of the page מבריחו … ומְקַנְתְּרוֹ וכ׳ you cannot forego his heavier offence, and rebuke (punish) him for the lighter; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַנְטֵר, הִתְקַנְתֵּר, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַנְטֵר, נִתְקנְתֵּר to be rebuked. Sifré Deuteronomy 1 נ׳ עלי ר"ע וכ׳ R. Ak. was rebuked on my account before R. G. etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 789. to make one’s self disagreeable; to vex. Bamidbar Rabbah section 11 מִתְקַנְטְרִים לפניהם וכ׳ they (the angels of destruction) vex them (the wicked) and say, ‘no peace’ etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 711. ↗ original

קַנְטֵר Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 1, 38ᵈ top כד … מְקַנְטְרָה וכ׳ when he wanted to rebuke R. L. b. J., he used to say, ‘formerly (the Lord was) was with him’ (allusion to I Chronicles 9, 20); Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 72ᵃ bottom of the page למקנתרה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 3, end, 51ᵃ מְקַנְתֵּר לאילין וכ׳ chided those teachers of the Agadoth, and called the latter charm-books. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 16ᵈ bottom of the page הוי היא דו מקנתר לון (not הרי) it is this for which he chides them (I Samuel 2, 29); and elsewhere ↗ original

קַנְטָר (see the preceding words) a pronged tool, bit, or auger. Kelim 14, 3 הק׳ של בנאי the builder’s ḳanṭar; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 4, 5 קַנְתּוֹר. ↗ original

קִנְטֵר ² , see קִנְטִינָר ↗ original

קנטרה , Yalkut Shimoni Lamentations 1037, read: קַסְטְרָה. ↗ original

קַנְטְרוֹפּוֹס , see גַּנְדְּרוֹפּוֹס ↗ original

קַנְטְרָן (see the preceding articles) a quarrelsome person, disputatious. Esther Rabbah to 2, 5 וכי קנת׳ היה ועיבר וכ׳ was he (Mordecai) contumacious and one who disregards the king’s decree?—plural קַנְטְרָנִים, קַנְטְרָנִין, קַנְתְּ׳. Nedarim 48ᵃ אנשי גליל ק׳ היו וכ׳ the Galileans were quarrelsome and wont to forswear enjoying benefits from one another. Nazir 49ᵇ מפני שקנת׳ הן וכ׳ because they are disputatious, and do not come to learn etc.; Kiddushin 52ᵇ.—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 11 אגוזים ק׳, see קִטְּרוֹנִים. ↗ original

קני (compare Arab. ḳana) to be hot. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִינֵּא, קִנֵּא (Biblical Hebrew) to be jealous; to envy. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joḥ. 1) לא קִנֵּאתִי בה I was not jealous of her; מפני מה קִנֵּאתָ לע"ז וכ׳ why art thou jealous of an idol in which there is no reality?; and elsewhere—Esp. ק׳ לאשתו to suspect one’s wife of unbecoming conduct; to accuse of faithlessness; to warn one’s wife. Sotah 1, 1 המְקַנֵּא … מקנא לה על פי שנים he who suspects his wife … must bring charges against her based on a warning given in the presence of two witnesses. the same place (ibid.) 2 כיצד מקנא לה אומר לה בפני שנים אל תדברי וכ׳ how must he warn her? If he says before two witnesses, do not speak (associate) with that man, and she does so, she is still permitted to him for marital life etc. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 1 [read:] המקנא לאשתו מקנא על פי עד אחד וכ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) המְקַנֶּה, variant reading מקנה) he who wants to proceed against his wife, must bring charges based on a statement of warning by one witness or on his own statement; Sotah 2ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 2ᵃ אסור לקַנְּאוֹת it is forbidden to warn one’s wife (in the presence of witnesses). the same place (ibid.) 3ᵃ מותר לק׳ it is permitted etc. Moed Katan 18ᵇ (referring to Psalms 106, 16) שכל … קי׳ לאשתו ממשה every one of them warned his wife in jealousy of Moses. Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 ע"י איש הוא מקנה אותה וכ׳ he may bring charges on the ground of suspicious conduct towards a man (human being) but not etc. the same place (ibid.) בית רין מְקַנְּאִין להם וכ׳ (some edition מְקַנִּין) the court takes proceedings in their (the husbands’) behalf etc.; and frequently to arouse jealousy; to provoke. Megillah 15ᵇ קִנְּאַתּוּ במלך וכ׳ she (by inviting Haman) aroused against him the jealousy of the king and the jealousy of the (other) princes. Bamidbar Rabbah the passage cited שהיא מְקַנְּאָה להקב"ה וכ׳ for she provokes the Lord and her husband; and elsewhere Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַנֵּא, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַנֵּא to be jealous; to be incensed. Menachoth 109ᵇ נ׳ בו … בשמעי אחיו Onias was jealous of his brother Shimei. Sanhedrin 105ᵇ בכל אדם מִתְקַנֵּא וכ׳ a man is envious of all except his son and his pupil. Megillah 13ᵃ מִתְקַנְּאָה, see יָרֵךְ. Avodah Zarah 54ᵇ מפני מה מתקנא בעובדיה וכ׳ why is he jealous of (incensed against) those who worship it (the idol), and is not jealous of (takes no revenge on) itself? Megillah 19ᵃ מה … שנ׳ בכל וכ׳ what reason had Haman to take revenge on all the Jews?; and frequently ↗ original

קְנֵי Chaldaic (Aramaic), see below. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַנֵּי to be zealous for; to be jealous; to suspect of unfaithfulness. Targum Numbers 11, 29. the same place (ibid.) 25, 11. Targum Genesis 30, 1. Targum Numbers 5, 14; and frequently to make jealous. Targum 2 Esther 2, 19 קַנְּאָהּ וכ׳ (edition קָנְאָה, edition Vienna edition קָנְאָתָּהּ) make her jealous by marrying other wives. to warn one’s wife. Sotah 2ᵇ זמנין דלא ק׳ ואמר קַנָּאִי it may happen that he did not warn her and yet he may declare, I did warn her. the same place (ibid.) וכ"ע ידעי דק׳ לה and all will know that he did warn her; and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְנֵי to make jealous; to provoke. Targum Psalms 78, 58. Targum I Samuel 1, 6, see אַקְנָיוּתָא. Targum Deuteronomy 32, 16 (Yerushalmi (prefix) I קְנוֹן, read: קַנּוֹן). the same place (ibid.) 21; and elsewhere Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיקְּנֵי, אִקְּ׳ to be jealous, incensed. Megillah 16ᵃ אי׳ בה … א׳ בי וכ׳ he (Haman) had a grudge against Vashti and put her to death, and now he has a grudge against me etc. the same place (ibid.) 13ᵃ דמִיקְּנֵי ביה המן against whom Haman was enraged. the same place (ibid.) 19ᵃ מה … דאי׳ וכ׳ what reason had Mordecai to be hostile to Haman?; and elsewhere ↗ original

קני ² (Biblical Hebrew) [to establish,] (compare קום, Genesis 23, 17) to create; to acquire, own; to take possession. Rosh Hashanah 31ᵃ (referring to Psalms 24 recited in the Temple on the first day of the week) על שם שק׳ והקנה וכ׳ because he (the Lord in establishing the world) took possession and gave (his creatures) possession (invested them with a fief), and became the sovereign of the world. Kiddushin 1, 1 האשה קוֹנָה את עצמה וכ׳ a wife acquires herself (becomes independent) when she receives her divorce etc. the same place (ibid.) 20ᵃ כל הקוֹנֶה … כקונה וכ׳ whoever buys a Hebrew bondman creates, as it were, a master over himself. Bava Metzia 75ᵇ הקונה אדון לעצמו he who creates a master over himself, explained תולה נכסיו בנכרי who (in order to evade obligations) hangs his property on a gentile (pretends to be merely the agent of a gentile); (another explanation) הכותב נכסיו וכ׳ who transfers his property to his children during his lifetime. Gittin 37ᵇ and the following (referring to Leviticus 25, 45) אתם קוֹנִים וכ׳ you may buy (as a slave) one of them, but they cannot buy one of you, nor can they buy of one another. the same place (ibid.) יכול לא יִקְנוּ זה את זה למעשה ידיו you may think, they cannot buy one another for the work (as long as the serf choses to be in the master’s power); ולא הם קוֹנִים … לגופו they cannot buy of one another a bodily slave (who requires formal manumission to be a freeman). Bava Metzia 46ᵇ bottom of the page מכור לי באלו ק׳ if one says, sell me (a certain object) for these (coins which I hold in my hand), he has bought (the sale is valid). the same place (ibid.) 4, 1 הזהב קונה וכ׳, see זָהָב. the same place (ibid.) מעות הרעות קוֹנוֹת וכ׳ the delivery of cancelled coins effects the purchase of the valid coins. the same place (ibid.) 47ᵇ מעות קונות the delivery of the purchasing money gives possession (no formal possession of the purchased object (מְשִׁיכָה) being required). Kiddushin 22ᵇ הגבהה קונה lifting up the purchased object makes the sale binding; and very frequently to make sure; to obligate a person by a special symbolical act (קִנְיָן); to enter into an obligation by a special symbolical form. Gittin 51ᵃ בשקָנוּ מידו when they (the court, witnesses etc.) made him obligate himself (that his widow should receive support from his estate); בשקנו לזו ולא קנו לזו when such an obligation was entered with reference to this (his wife’s case), but not with reference to that (his daughter’s case). Bava Metzia 47ᵃ במה קונין … בכליו של קונה wherewith is the bargain made sure?… By handing over one of the garments (or any object) belonging to the purchaser; דניחא ליה לקונה דליהוי מקנה קונה וכ׳ for the purchaser likes the seller to obligate himself, in order that he may be sure to give him possession; and frequently—the same place (ibid.) 48ᵇ when he said to him, ערבוני יָקוּן (frequently קון = קנה) my earnest money shall serve to make the purchase sure.—participle passive קָנוּי; feminine קְנוּיָה; plural קְנוּיִים, קְנוּיִין; קְנוּיוֹת. Kiddushin 16ᵃ עבד עברי גופו ק׳ והרב וכ׳ a Hebrew bondman is owned bodily (to the end of his term), and if the master allowed him a reduction of his time, his allowance is not legally binding (the slave not being able to acquire himself); the same place (ibid.) 28ᵃ; Bava Kamma 113ᵇ. Bereshith Rabbah section 86 (referring to Genesis 39, 1) הקנויין קונין וכל וכ׳ as a rule those who are owned make themselves owners (slaves enrich themselves by robbing their master), and all slaves cause decrease to their master’s house, but in this case ‘the Lord blessed etc.’ (the same place (ibid.) 5); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 145 הקונין קונין (correct accordingly); and frequently—Tosefta Nedarim 4, 6 קונם … שאני קנוי the axe of which I am possessed be forbidden (see קוֹנָם), i.e. I swear that I have no axe; Nedarim 35ᵃ (Rashi שאינו ק׳ I swear that another axe is not owned by me).—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 4, 18ᵇ השעה קנויה, read: פְּנוּיָה, see פָּנוּי.] Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְנֶה to be acquired, owned, bought. Kiddushin 20ᵃ (referring to Leviticus 25, 14) דבר הנ׳ מיד ליד this refers to what is bought from hand to hand (movable goods). the same place (ibid.) 1, 1 האשה נִקְנֵית וכ׳ a wife can be acquired in three ways. the same place (ibid.) 6ᵇ אין אשה נ׳ בחליפין a wife cannot be taken possession of by symbolical delivery (חֲלִיפִין). the same place (ibid.) 1, 3 עבד כנעני נ׳ בכסף וכ׳ a Canaanite slave is taken possession of (is considered owned) either by delivery of the purchasing money, or by a deed, or by undisturbed possession (חֲזָקָה). the same place (ibid.) 5 נכסים שיש … נִקְנִין וכ׳ landed property is acquired by means of handing over the money etc., but movables cannot be acquired otherwise than by taking hold (מְשִׁיכָה). the same place (ibid.) 22ᵇ תִּקָּנֶה בביאה let her be acquired (become his slave) by coition; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְנָה to give possession, sell, transfer. Rosh Hashanah the passage cited, see above. Sanhedrin 81ᵇ ולמַקְנוֹ, see קוֹנֶה. Kethuboth 82ᵇ אשה הִקְנוּ לו וכ׳ it is heaven that gave him a wife (through his brother’s death without issue); Yevamoth 39ᵃ. Bava Metzia 47ᵃ בכליו של מַקְנֶה, see above. the same place (ibid.) 33ᵇ, and frequently אין אדם מקנה דבר וכ׳ none can give possession of (sell) what does not yet exist (future crops etc.); and frequently—Esther Rabbah introduction (referring to Deuteronomy 28, 68 and the following) למה ואין קונה … ע"י שלא הִקְנִיתֶם אלה וכ׳ why ‘no purchaser’?… Because you have not transmitted ‘these words of the covenant’, for there is none among you making the five books of the Law his own (see קוֹנֶה). ↗ original

קְנֵי ² Targum Genesis 31, 18. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) 47, 23; and frequently—Kethuboth 82ᵇ דקְנָאִי ודקָנִינָא which I have acquired (own), and which I may acquire in the future. Bava Bathra 44ᵇ דאִיקְנֵי קנה וכ׳ if the document reads ‘that which I may obtain’ (shall be seizable for my debt), and be bought and sold again …, it cannot be seized; the same place (ibid.) 157ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) 168ᵃ אסמכתא קַנְיָא, see אַסְמַכְתָּא. Bava Metzia 66ᵇ וא"ל קְנִי קְנֵי and he said to him, take possession (of the collateral, I shall not redeem it), he has obtained it. the same place (ibid.) כל דְּאִי לא קָנֵי an obligation with an ‘if’ (conditional forfeiture) gives no title; and very frequently—Chullin 77ᵃ דקני, דקנא, דקנה, see רִירָא. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְנֵי to make one a bondman. Targum Zechariah 13, 5. to give possession, sell. Targum 2 Chronicles 21, 3.—Bava Bathra 44ᵇ אי א׳ … אגב וכ׳ if he gave him possession of movable chattel by dint of immovables jointly sold (see אַגַּב) etc. Bava Metzia 72ᵃ אַקְנְיֵיה לבנו וכ׳ he signed it over to his minor son. Kiddushin 7ᵃ מַקְנְיָא נפשה she may give possession of herself (become his wife); and frequently Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיקְּנֵי to be obtained, acquired. Bava Bathra 77ᵃ מִיקְּנִין (Rashb. מִיקְּנוּ), see מִילָּא 2. ↗ original

קָנֵי , construct state קְנֵי = Hebrew קָנֶה, reed, stalk, branch, etc. Targum Psalms 68, 31 (some edition קָנַיָּא plural). Targum Isaiah 19, 6 (edition Lagarde edition קנה). Targum 2 Kings 18, 21.—Targum Exodus 30, 23 (some edition קנה).—Targum Ezekiel 40, 3. the same place (ibid.) 41, 8 (not קָנַיָא). Targum Exodus 25, 31 (edition Vienna edition קְנַה); and frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 6 נטל חד קנה וכ׳ he took a cane and made a cavity in it into which he put those Denars; א"ל צור הדין ק׳ בידך וכ׳ he said to him, hold this cane in thy hand while I am being sworn; נסתיה לקָנֵיה וכ׳ he took his cane and knocked it to the ground etc.; Nedarim 25ᵃ (the same occurrence before Raba). the same place (ibid.) לאפוקי מק׳ דרבא to prevent such an occasion as occurred before Raba; Shevuoth 29ᵃ. Chullin 111ᵃ ק׳ בקופיה, see קוֹפָא 2; and elsewhere—plural קָנִין, קָנַיָּא, קָנֵי. Targum Exodus 25, 33. Targum 2 Esther 1, 2; and elsewhere—Chullin 53ᵇ על לביני ק׳ went among the reeds. the same place (ibid.) 45ᵇ תלתא ק׳ הוו there are three branches (of the windpipe), one branches off towards etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְנִיבָה (קָנַב) cutting, trimming vegetable; snuffing the wick. Betzah 22ᵃ ק׳ שרי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קִנְבָּא, Rashi manuscript קִינְבָּא; Munich manuscript קינסא; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) to snuff (or trim) the wick is permitted (on the Holy Days). Shabbath 114ᵇ קְנִיבַת ירק trimming (stripping) vegetable. קניבת ירק (or קְנוֹבֶת) those parts of vegetables which are stripped off, refuse. Eduy. 3, 3; Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 11, 48ᵃ top of the page Tosefta Demai 4, 4 קנו׳ י׳ שבגינה edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קני׳) the cut off portions of vegetables trimmed in the garden. Tosefta Terumoth 9, 10 קְנוֹבוֹת (plural); Tosefta Shevi'ith 6, 2; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, 38ᵃ top of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 3, 30ᵃ. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms I [read:] לטבלא … וק׳ י׳ בתוכה a plate laid in with precious stones and jewels, and in it lie trimmings of vegetable (edition Buber edition נקיבת ירק, other edition נקובות ידים); and elsewhere ↗ original

קְנִיבָה ² Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 7, 37ᵇ bottom of the page ק׳ דירקא, see the preceding Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 4, 60ᵃ top אית תמן קניבה אפריש מן קְנוּבְתָּה are the trimmings (of the parsnip) still there? If so, set (the T’rumah) aside from the trimmings. ↗ original

קניגון , see קְנִיגִין ↗ original

קְנִיגִי (corresp. to a form κυνηγευς = κυνηγός) hunter. Chullin 60ᵇ (variant reading in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) גְּנִיגִי), see בַּלִּיסְטָרִי. Bereshith Rabbah section 32 א"ל נח ק׳ אנא said Noah to him, am I a hunter (that I should get these animals into the ark)?; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 56. ↗ original

קְנִיגְיָא (κυνηγία) chase, hunt.—[Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 וכל קניגייא, see קֵינַי.]—Bava Bathra 74ᵇ and the following עתיד גבריאל לעשות ק׳ עם וכ׳ in the future Gabriel shall arrange a chase of the Leviathan. ↗ original

קְנִיגְיוֹן (κυνήγιον, S.) the contest of wild beasts or of wild beasts with men (ludus bestiarius). Avodah Zarah 18ᵇ (referring to Psalms 1, 1) זה שלא עמד בקיניג׳ Munich manuscript (edition בקנגיון) that is he who does not stand as a spectator at bestial contests (arranged by the Romans). the same place (ibid.) לא עמדתי בק׳ I do not attend the shows of etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 613; and elsewhere the actors in the fights of the arena. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 5, see בלטוורא.—5. קְנִיגִין. ↗ original

קְנִיגִיזְיָא feminine (κυνηγεσία) same. Pesikta Rabbati addit. section 4 (edition Friedman p. 201ᵃ קניניזא, correct accordingly); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Hashsh’mini, p. 191ᵇ קינגאי (Oxford manuscript קנגריא; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word טבריטי: קנוגיא, correct accordingly or קניגיא), see טברוטי. ↗ original

קְנִיגִין (κυνήγιον) same, hunt, chase, beasts of chase. Esther Rabbah to 1, 12 אין הרשע … מראה ק׳ דידיה היאך וכ׳ the wicked man does not leave this world before God shows his chase, (that is,) how he has been caught. Vayikra Rabbah section 13 בהמות … הם ק׳ וכ׳ (not קניגון) Behemoth and Leviathan shall be the beasts of contest (the show) for the righteous in the hereafter, and whosoever abstains from witnessing the beast fights of the nations in this world, shall be admitted to see them etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 161 קניגיון. ↗ original

קְנִיגְיָיא , see קְנִיגְיָא ↗ original

קניות , Tanchuma Emor 6, see קִיטָּי ↗ original

קָנִיט (קָנַט) [shrinking,] fainting, sick. Tanchuma Thazr. 3 ואין נפשו ק׳ עליו and its vitality is not impaired; edition Buber edition 4, see קָנַט.—[Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 932; Yalkut Shimoni Lamentations 998, see נָקִיט.] ↗ original

קְנִיטְרוֹפּוֹס , see גַּנְדְּרוֹפּוֹס ↗ original

קָנְיָיא (קְנֵי 2) owner, maker. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 9, end, 27ᵇ, see קַיְינָא. ↗ original

קנייא , Sifré Deuteronomy 51, see קוֹבְעַיָּא ↗ original

קַנְיָיה ʿĂlé Ḳanyah. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 46ᵇ bottom of the page [read:] ר׳ יוחנן איקפח בע׳ ק׳ R. Joh. was robbed at A. Ḳ.; [commentary or commentaries: בבַעֲלֵי ק׳ by the men of Ḳ.] ↗ original

קִנְיָין , see next words ↗ original

קִנְיָן purchase, ownership, right of possession. Gittin 47ᵇ יש ק׳ לנכרי בא"י וכ׳ a gentile has the right of possession in Palestine inasmuch as his produces are exempt from tithes. the same place (ibid.) קִנְיַן פירות כק׳ הגוף דמי the acquisition of usufruct is like the acquisition of the soil itself (and the Jewish owner of the usufruct has to offer the first fruits as if he were the owner of the land). Gittin 1, 6 מפני שהוא קִנְיָנוֹ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition קִנְיָינוֹ) because he (the slave) is his property. Esther Rabbah introduction (referring to Leviticus 25, 45) אתם יש לכם ק׳ וכ׳ you have the right of possession (of slaves) of the nations, but the nations have no right of possession of you, see קָנָה; and frequently property, especially cattle. Bamidbar Rabbah section 22 הפרישו … בשביל קִנְיָנָם they separated themselves from their brethren for the sake of their cattle; and elsewhere affirmation, making sure; symbolical form of making an agreement binding, by handing over an object from one to the other of the contracting parties (see קָנָה 2). Bava Bathra 40ᵃ ק׳ בפני שנים ואינו … כתיבו an agreement by symbol is made in the presence of two (forming a court), nor is it then necessary to say, ‘write’, i.e. a document is made out without special authorization. the same place (ibid.) סתם ק׳ לכתיבה עומד an agreement by symbol, unless otherwise stipulated, is intended to be written out. the same place (ibid.) 3ᵃ ק׳ דברים בעלמא חוא it is merely an agreement on words (no transfer of a tangible object being agreed upon); and frequently—plural קִנְיָנִים, קִנְיָנִין, קִנְיָי׳. Pesachim 87ᵇ אחד מארבעה ק׳ שקניתי בעולמי one of the four possessions which I own in my world. Sifré Deuteronomy 309 (referring to Deuteronomy 32, 6) ק׳ אתם לי וכ׳ (not זקנים) you are to me an acquired property, and not an inheritance. Avoth Chaldaic (Aramaic) 6; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִנְיָן ² possession, especially cattle. Targum Genesis 14, 11, and the following (Hebrew text רכש). Targum Onkelos the same place (ibid.) 19; and frequently—Sotah 34ᵇ עבדא רעיא ושמן ק׳ it (the soil) produces pasture, and the cattle grows fat on it.—plural קִנְיָנִין, קִנְיָי׳, קִי׳. Targum Ezekiel 38, 12, and the following; and elsewhere agreement by symbol, the object exchanged to make the agreement binding. Targum Ruth. 4, 7, and the following ↗ original

קנינים , Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 5, 13, see קָנוֹן ↗ original

קְנִישְׁקִין (compound or composed of קָנֵי, a. שקי) drinking tubes, a cup with tubes for several persons to drink from. Shabbath 62ᵇ (explained מזרקי, Amos 6, 6) חד אמר ק׳ one authority says, it means ḳ’nishḳanim. the same place (ibid.) שתה בק׳ וכ׳ he drank from ḳ., and he (Rabbah) did not object to it (as an enjoyment forbidden after the destruction of the Temple). Avodah Zarah 72ᵇ ק׳ שרי it is permitted to drink from ḳ. at the same time with a gentile. ↗ original

קַנְכֵּירִי (corresp. to κέγχρη = κέγχρος) a small kind of diamond. Targum Onkelos Exodus 28, 19 (Hebrew text לשם). ↗ original

קַנְכִּירִינוֹן masculine (κέγχρινον) same. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 28, 19. ↗ original

קַנְּכֵּרִי , see קַנְכֵּירִי ↗ original

קְנַם [to make firm, see קוֹנָם, קִנָּמוֹן, קִינוּמָא.] Pa'el פִּעֵל קַנֵּם to make a vow of abstinence by using the verb קנם (as a substitute for קוֹנָם, itself a substitute for קָרְבָּן). Nedarim 10ᵇ היכי דמי … מְקַנַּמְנָא וכ׳ like what are substitutes of substitutes of vows?… M’ḳannamna, m’ḳannaḥna, m’ḳannasna ↗ original

קִנָּמוֹן , see קִינָּמוֹן ↗ original

קנמון , Esther Rabbah to 6, 10, ק׳ קלטור, read: קוֹמֵיס. ↗ original

קנמיא , registered in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) as quoted frequently Echah Rabbah and unexplained, ק׳ דמרי ביתא, probably a misreading for קומיה, in Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי, where editions have קומיה גברא. ↗ original

קנמין , see קנמון ↗ original

קִנָּמֹן , see קִינָּמוֹן ↗ original

קָנַן (Biblical Hebrew) to put up, build (compare כָּנַן).—Denom. קֵן. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִנֵּן, קִינֵּן (denominative of קֵן) to build a nest, to nest. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵇ top; Kethuboth 111ᵇ, see לֶפֶת. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 14 ומצא … מְקַנֵּן and found there a serpent nesting; and elsewhere—participle passive מְקוּנָּן. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 62 (Bereshith Rabbah section 37 מְכוּנָּן), see כָּנַן. ↗ original

קְנַן , Pa'el קַנֵּין Chaldaic (Aramaic) same. Targum Isaiah 34, 15. ↗ original

קָנַס (sec. root or radix of קס, see קסס) [to cut,] (compare גזר) to decree; to fine, punish. Bava Bathra 75ᵇ top קָנַסְתִּי מיתה על וכ׳ I decreed death over Adam. Bamidbar Rabbah section 18 אין קוֹנְסִים אלא וכ׳ none are punished below twenty years of age, see עָנַשׁ. Bereshith Rabbah section 20, beginning למה הייתם קוֹנְסִין את בני why did you fine (confiscate the property of) my children?; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 888; and frequently—Esp. to decree a penalty beyond the strict law. Bava Metzia 72ᵃ, and elsewhere שטר … קונסין אותו וכ׳ if interest is stipulated in a document, we fine him (the creditor) so that he cannot collect either the principal or the interest. Bava Kamma 30ᵇ קָנְסוּ גופן משום שבחן they decreed the forfeiture of the objects themselves on account of the illegitimate gain intended. Shabbath 3ᵇ, and elsewhere קָנְסוּ שוגג אטו וכ׳, see אָטוּ. Bava Kamma 38ᵇ קנס הוא שקנס וכ׳ (not שקניס) R. M. put a penalty on their property (declared their goods eventually unclean). the same place (ibid.) הכי נמי נִקְנוֹס let us also fine (the Samaritan woman, by disallowing her the fine due for seduction). Yevamoth 86ᵇ קנסו לוים במעשר they punished the Levites by depriving them of the tithes (in favor of the priests); and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְנָס to be decreed (as a punishment). Eruvin 18ᵇ כיון שראה שנִקְנְסָה מיתה וכ׳ when he (Adam) perceived that through his fault death was decreed (over the human race), he fasted etc. ↗ original

קְנַס , to fine, punish. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 8, end, 6ᶜ וקַנְסֵיה ליטר דדהב he fined him one litra of gold. Babylonian Bava Kamma 30ᵇ לאלתר קַנְסִינָן וכ׳ do we fine him (decree the forfeiture of the material deposited in the street) at once, or when he derives the intended benefit? Shabbath 3ᵇ מי קַנְסוּהָ רבנן לאהדורי וכ׳ do the Rabbis punish him by forbidding him to withdraw his hand? the same place (ibid.) בשוגג לא קנסוה וכ׳ if he did it by mistake, the Rabbis do not punish him. the same place (ibid.) ליקנסוה רבנן let the Rabbis punish him (by forbidding him to withdraw his hand)!; and frequently—Bava Metzia 72ᵃ קנסינן התירא וכ׳ we decree the forfeiture of the legitimate claim (the principal) on account of the illegitimate (the interest; and elsewhere). Pa'el פִּעֵל קנֵּס same. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 15, 25 דמְקַנְסֵּי (not דמִקְנְסֵי). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְקַנַּס, Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְנַס to be punished, fined, condemned. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 35, 25. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 32, 50. to be assessed for fine. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 21, 22 מתקנסא יתקנס וולדא the lost embryo must be paid for according to assessment (Hebrew text ענוש יענש). ↗ original

קְנָס (the preceding) fine, penalty, especially the fine for seducing a girl (Deuteronomy 22, 29). Bava Kamma 38ᵇ, see קָנס. Kethuboth 43ᵃ top, and elsewhere מודה בק׳ פטור he who confesses an act with which a fine is connected, is exempt from the fine; the same place (ibid.) 42ᵃ; Shevuoth 5, 4 אינו משלם ק׳ על פי עצמו none needs to pay a fine on his own confession (if he cannot be convicted otherwise). Kethuboth the passage cited (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) ק׳ הוי it is the case of a fine, opposite ממונא the case of a real debt or indemnity. the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page יצאו אלו שהן ק׳ exclude those cases which concern only a fine, opposite ממון. the same place (ibid.) 3, 1 יש להן ק׳ a fine is due for seducing them. the same place (ibid.) 29ᵃ יש לה מכר ואין לה ק׳ she can be sold (by her father), and no fine is due for her seduction. the same place (ibid.) 3, 8 כל … מכר אין ק׳ wherever sale can take place, there is no fine for seduction. the same place (ibid.) 3 קְנָסָהּ לעצמה the fine for her seduction belongs to herself (and not to her father); and frequently—plural קְנָסוֹת. Sanhedrin 8ᵃ דיני ק׳ בכמה how many judges are required for the adjudication of a fine? Kethuboth 43ᵃ; and frequently—[קנסות, Zevachim 88ᵇ edition, see קוֹלָס.] ↗ original

קְנָסָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 21, 30 (Hebrew text כפר). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 15, 32 ק׳ דשבתא the penalty for violating the Sabbath laws.—Sanhedrin 3ᵃ; Bava Kamma 15ᵃ, see מָמוֹנָא. Kethuboth 29ᵇ בני ק׳ persons for whose seduction a fine is due. Pesachim 29ᵃ; 30ᵃ ר"ש ק׳ קניס וכ׳ Rabbenu Shimshon (in declaring leavened matter kept over Passover forbidden even after Passover) imposes a penalty, because the person has transgressed the law etc. Yevamoth 86ᵃ ק׳ לעניים the penalty (the forfeit of the tithes decreed over the Levites) was to benefit the poor; and frequently—plural קְנָסִין, קְנָסַיָּא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 15, 25.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 14, beginning 14ᵇ עוד היא באילין ק׳ she is still subject to those penalties (that she must leave both husbands). ↗ original

קנסודס a sort of sandals with heels (probably named after a place in Babylonia, compare קנשרין, see קֵן, Chaldaic (Aramaic), end). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 12, 12ᶜ bottom of the page תמן אמרין כגון אילין ק׳ there (in Babylonia) they say, like those ḳ. ↗ original

קנצן , Targum Proverbs 23, 29 edition Lagarde edition, see יורם. ↗ original

קנקולין , see next word ↗ original

קַנְקָל (cancellus, κίγκλις) any reticulated object, a perforated vessel for fumigation. Devarim Rabbah section 10 (referring to Isaiah 55, 3) האזן לגוף כקי׳ לכלים the ear is to the body what the fumigating vessel is to garments; שכן הקי׳ כמה כלים וכ׳ as many garments are put on the ḳ. and all are fumigated, so there are 248 limbs in man, and all live through the ear (by listening to the word of God); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shim’ʿu, p. 117ᵃ קנקל; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 264, a. Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 341 קנקן.—Kelim 22, 10 קנקילין שיש בה … כסות feminine (Babylonian edition קנקילן … כוסות, correct accordingly) a fumigating vessel with a receptacle for garments. latticed gate or bar. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 5, beginning 7ᵇ קִינְקִילוֹן גורר a latticed gate which drags along on the ground when opened; Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 10, 26ᵇ bottom of the page קנְקִילוֹן גודר; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 11 (8), 13 קַנְקַלִּין הגוררין variant reading (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) קנקנין); Eruvin 101ᵃ קנקן הנגרר.—Esp. plural קַנְקַלִּים, קַנְקַלִּין, קַנְקִילִּ׳, קִינְ׳ screens, bars of the court of justice, of idolatrous temples, etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 78 (referring to Genesis 33, 3) הוי … משבעה קי׳ וכ׳ consider thyself as if placed behind seven bars and sitting as judge etc. Y’land. to Leviticus 19 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) המולך … קנקלים וכ׳ how was the Moloch worship arranged? There was an idol behind seven enclosures etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Orlah 1, end, 61ᶜ הכניסה לפנים מן הקנקי׳ when he brought it (the egg) behind the enclosures of the idolatrous temple; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 43ᵃ הקנקל׳. the same place (ibid.) 42ᵈ bottom of the page כל שהכניסו … הק׳ אסרו whatever one brings within the enclosures one makes forbidden (as an object dedicated to idolatry). the same place (ibid.) 2, 41ᵇ ע"ז שאין לה ק׳ … ידון לשם ק׳ if an idolatrous temple has no bars, the whole building is considered as bars (whatever is brought within the premises, is forbidden). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 4, see צְנִיעוּת. Vayikra Rabbah section 19, end דרך ק׳ שלשלוה לו they let her down to him over the bars; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᵈ top, see קֶלַע 3. ↗ original

קַנְקַל grating, network. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 27, 4; (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 קלקל; Hebrew text מכבר). the same place (ibid.) 5; and elsewhere—plural קַנְקַלֵּי. the same place (ibid.) 38, 30 (with singular meaning). plural קַנְקְלִין, קַנְקְלַיָּא, קִי׳ lattice-work, bars, enclosures. Echah Rabbah to 1, 5 יהבוניה לגיו … ק׳ they put him within the seven bars (showed him royal honors). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 86ᵇ כאילין קינקילייא the piles of water in the Red Sea between which the Israelites passed were like those latticed bars; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 152 קנקיליא; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, 34ᵃ (explained תִּרְמֵל) עבדון קנקולין (correct accordingly) when the bean plants begin to form gratings (the stalks being closely interwoven; compare קְלִיעָה a. עָבוֹת). ↗ original

קנקלטון , read: ↗ original

קַנְקְלָטִין (supply (understood word) מִלִּין; cancellatus) grating or network (in weaving, moulding etc.). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᶜ ↗ original

קַנְקָן 1 (קָנַן) a cylindrical vessel let into the ground of the cellar (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Dolium), in gen. wine- or oil-vessel. Avoth 4, 20 אל תסתכל בק׳ וכ׳ look not at the vessel but at what it contains; יש ק׳ חדש וכ׳ many a new vessel is full of old wine (many a young man is a fine scholar) etc. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 28 ק׳ … מקַנְקַנּוֹ וכ׳, see below. Bereshith Rabbah section 85 נטלו ק׳ אחד וכ׳ they took one cask in the cellar etc.; החזירו את הק׳ למקומה (read: למקומו) put the cask back into its place. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 1, 52ᵇ bottom of the page כמשלח … וקַנְקַנָּהּ like one sending to his neighbor a cask of wine and the storage vessel with it (making a present of both); Bereshith Rabbah section 13; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 882. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 4, beginning 62ᵇ מביאה על גב קנקנה he brings the load of wine in its original vessel (not bottle-wise); and frequently—plural קַנְקַנִּים, קַנְקַנִּין. Bereshith Rabbah section 32 היוצר … בודק ק׳ מרועעים וכ׳ the potter does not try (knock at) the defective vessels …, but he tries the sound (so God tries not the bad but the good men). Kethuboth 13, 4 והודה בק׳ but admits that he owes the (empty) vessels, see כַּד 2. the same place (ibid.) 108ᵇ יש בלשון הזה לשון ק׳ the expression ‘vessels of oil’ includes vessels, i.e. one who claims vessels of oil claims not only a certain quantity of oil, but also the vessels. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 28 צפה הקב"ה בכל הק׳ ולא מצא וכ׳ the Lord looked at all vessels (fit to receive the Law), and found none better pitched than that of Moses etc.; and frequently (compare קֶנֶת, a. מָנָא) coulter. Bava Metzia 6, 4 (80ᵃ).—[Eruvin 101ᵃ ק׳ הנגרר a plough used as a bar, Rashi; see next word] ↗ original

קַנְקָן 2 dial. for קַנְקָל, which see ↗ original

קַנְקַנָּא 1, vessel. Bava Bathra 22ᵃ פוק תהי ליה בקַנְקַנֵּיה go and smell at his vessel, i.e. examine his mental capacity; and elsewhere coulter, plough. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ top שרי … קַנְקַנָּיךְ וכ׳ untie thy ox and untie thy plough, for the Temple has been destroyed; קטור … קנקניך וכ׳ tie thy ox and tie thy plough, for king Messiah was born; Echah Rabbah to 1, 16 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition פדנך). ↗ original

קַנְקַנְתּוּם , see קַלְקַנְתּוֹס ↗ original

קַנִּשְׁרַיָּא , see קֵן Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

קְנָת (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a place Kenath, on the east of the Jordan (see Hildesh. Sachs, Beitrage, p. 49 and the following). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ (not קנח); Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 11 (see edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) note); Sifré Deuteronomy 51; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 874 יינקת (correct accordingly, or קוּנְתְּיָיה). ↗ original

קֶנֶת (see קָנַן; compare קַנְקַן I) [that which is inserted,] handle, helve. Makkoth 2, 1 מקַנְתּוֹ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (or מקַנָּתוֹ frequently קַנָּה; edition מקַתּוֹ, see קַתְּ).—plural קַנְתּוֹת. Ylamdenu to Leviticus 19 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ק׳ של רמחים וכ׳ handles of spears and knives.—[Kelim 15, 1 Rabbenu Shimshon Vers., see קִיסְטָה.] ↗ original

קַנְתָּא Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 1, 51ᵇ אורהיה … ק׳ דכולבא וכ׳ man is in the habit of saying, ‘the handle of an axe’; does any one say, ‘the axe of the handle’?, i.e. in making a vow one begins with the word שבועה, but does not place it at the end; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 2, 36ᵈ top of the page—5. קַתָּא ↗ original

קַנְתּוֹר , see קַנְטָר ↗ original

קִנְתּוּר , see קִינְטוּר ↗ original

(קנתור) , see קִנְטִינָר ↗ original

קַנְתֵּל (κανθήλια, plural) the pannier on the side of the pack-saddle, large basket. Parah 12, 9 הסלים שבק׳ the baskets in the pannier. ↗ original

קַנָּתָנִית , see קַנְּאָנִית ↗ original

קִנְתֵּר , see קִנְטֵר, קַנְטֵר. ↗ original

קַנְתְּרוֹס , see קַתְרוֹס 3 ↗ original

קַנְתְּרִין , see קִינְטוּר ↗ original

קַנְתְּרָן , see קַנְטְרָן ↗ original

קֵסָא , see קֵיסָא ↗ original

קְסָאוֹת , see קִסְוָה ↗ original

קִסְבָּא , see קִשְׁבָּא ↗ original

קַסְגַּלְגָס Ḳasgalgas, a contraction of Caius Caligula, the Roman emperor. Tosefta Sotah 13, 6 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading גס קלגוס, גסקלנוס), see גַּיּוּס. ↗ original

קַסְדָּא (cassis, -idis) casque, helmet. Shabbath 6, 2 (explained the same place (ibid.) 62ᵃ סַנְוַורְתָּא). Kelim 11, 8 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) קַסִּידָא). Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 3, 1. Shemoth Rabbah section 15 כדי ללבוש ק׳ ושריון וכ׳ strong enough to wear helmet, mail and (carry) arms.—plural קַסִּידִין. Ylamdenu to Genesis 3, 22, quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (referring to כרבלתהון) אלו הק׳ that means the helmets. ↗ original

קִסְדּוֹר , see קוּסְדּוֹר ↗ original

קַסְוָא , see קַסְוָוא ↗ original

קִסְוָה marked measure, especially vessel for libation. Sanhedrin 9, 6 הגונב את הק׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition הקסווא) if one steals the ḳisvah, explained the same place (ibid.) 81ᵇ מאי ק׳ כלי שרת (Munich manuscript קיסווא) ḳ. means service vessels (referring to Numbers 4, 7); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, end, 27ᵇ, see קִיסְטָא 2. Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 82ᵇ. Tosefta Zevachim 1, 12 היין שניסכו בקיסוא וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בקסווה) if wine for libation was poured into the ḳ. and thence into a hin measure.—plural קִסְוָואוֹת, קִשְׂוָו׳. Sukkah 48ᵇ שני קס׳ וכ׳ (supply (understood word) מיני) edition Pesachim a. other (Munich manuscript 1 קִשְׂוָא׳; Munich manuscript 2 קְסָאוֹת; edition קשוו׳) two sets of bowls were there, one for water, and one for wine libations. ↗ original

קַסְוָוא —plural קַסְוָותָא, קַסְוָ׳, קַשְׂ׳. Targum Onkelos Exodus 25, 29 (Yerushalmi (prefix) קַשְׂ׳). the same place (ibid.) 37, 16. Targum Onkelos Numbers 4, 7 קַסְוַת construct state edition Berlin edition (other edition a. Yer. קַסְווֹת). Targum I Chronicles 28, 17. ↗ original

קָסוֹמָא (קְסַם) charmer, diviner. — plural קְסוֹמַיָּא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 22, 21 (not קְסוּ׳). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 18, 10 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 לאקסומי, read: לא קְסוֹמֵי). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) 14 קיסומי (correct accordingly).—5. קַסָּמָא. ↗ original

קִסּוּמָא , see קִיסּוּמָא ↗ original

קסוסטבן (plural of ξεστός or of sextarius, transposed) sextarii (one sextarius = 1/16 of a modius). Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 5, 10ᶜ bottom of the page כגון אילין … מתרתין ק׳ … ק׳ as those who advance the money with which to buy to those who sail to (do business at) the races, at a share in the profits of two or three sextarii for each modius; see קָלִיט. ↗ original

קסוסנון (a corruption for קְסוּנְטוֹן, transpos. of סקונטון) Saguntum in Spain. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2, 26ᶜ bottom of the page אפי׳ עידיה בק׳ תמתין even if her witnesses are as far away as Saguntum, she must wait (compare Bava Bathra 3, 2, quoted under the word אִסְפַּמְיָא). ↗ original

קִסְטְ , see sub קִיסְ׳. ↗ original

קסטוריא , see קוּסְטוֹדְיָא ↗ original

קסטיא , Tanchuma Shof’ṭim 14, read: קַסִּיטְרָא. ↗ original

קסטיטיריון , see קַסִּיטְרוֹן ↗ original

קסטינר , see קוּסְטִינָר ↗ original

קסטירא , see קַסִּיטְרָא ↗ original

קסטל , Vayikra Rabbah section 19 ק׳ מלכים Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), read with edition טרסקל נקוב. ↗ original

קַסְטְלִין (castellum, καστέλλιν S.) fort, castle. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ נפל ק׳ דטיבריא (edition Krot. קסיטולין, correct accordingly) the castle of Tiberias fell in (burying the idol placed therein). reservoir. Tosefta Mikvaoth 4, 6 ק׳ המחליק מים וכ׳ a reservoir which distributes water (in pipes) in the cities. ↗ original

קַסְטְרָא (castra, plural) fortification, military camp. Bava Kamma 98ᵃ היו לו מעות בק׳ או וכ׳ if one has money deposited in the (Roman) camp or in the (forts of the) king’s Mountain. Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 (explained מצודתי, Psalms 91, 2) ק׳ דירי my fortification; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms the passage cited (not קסטרי). Echah Rabbah to 3, 7 זה ק׳ של פרסיין (read: רומיים) this alludes to the camp of the Romans; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 1037 קנטרה (correct accordingly). Devarim Rabbah section 1 (explained נציבים, 2 Samuel 8, 6) ק׳ (not קסטרס); and elsewhere—plural קַסְטְרָאוֹת, קַסְטְרָיוֹת. Tosefta Oholoth 18, 12 הק׳ והלגיונות the dwellings in forts and in the (camps of the) legions. Vayikra Rabbah section 1 היו … אהליות וק׳ they would have surrounded it (the Tabernacle) with tents and forts (to protect it); Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 3; Bamidbar Rabbah section 1; and elsewhere—5. גַּסְטְרָא.—2) proper noun of a place Castra, near Haifa (Castellum peregrinum). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 2; Echah Rabbah to 1, 17 as hostile as ק׳ לחיפה Castra to Haifa.—5. קַצְרָא 3. ↗ original

קַסִּטְרוֹן , see קַסִּיטִרוֹן ↗ original

קסטרס , see קַסְטְרָא ↗ original

קסיא , see קְסִיָּיה ↗ original

קסיוהא , Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 75 edition pr., read: קִיּוּהָא. ↗ original

קסיט , see קִיסְטְ ↗ original

קסיטולין , see קַסְטְלִין ↗ original

קַסִּיטְרָא (κασσίτερος, cassiterum) tin. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 31, 22, Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 31, 22 קסטירא, קיסטרא (correct accordingly; Hebrew text בדיל).—Tanchuma Shof’ṭim 14 כלי זין קסטיא (correct accordingly) tinplated armor (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Stamnum). ↗ original

קַסִּיטְרוֹן masculine same. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, 24ᵇ bottom of the page (explained בעץ) אבר וקסטיטיריון מעורבין (correct accordingly, or קַסִּיטִירוֹן) lead and tin mixed. Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 7, 7 אין מקיפין בק׳ וכ׳ you must not make a rim of tin, because etc., see פָּתִיל. the same place (ibid.) 3, 4 ועשאה בבעץ ובקנטרין (correct accordingly) and mended it with tin or cassiterum (see בַּעַץ); the same place (ibid.) Bava Metzia 1, 8. Tosefta Bava Bathra 5, 9 של בעץ ושל אבר ושל קסטירון edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (other edition קיספורון, correct accordingly) weights of tin, or of lead, or of cassiterum; Bava Bathra 89ᵇ גיסטרין, see גַּסִּיטְרוֹן. ↗ original

קְסִיָּיה (קסי = כָּסָה 2) [cover, protection,] a sort of glove for laborers. Kelim 16, 6 (edition Dehr. קְסִיָּה). ק׳ של שלחנות table cloth, a sheet spread over the set table to protect it from flies etc. Makhshirin 5, 8 קסיה edition Dehr. (edition קסיא); [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): vessels, compare קִסְוָה,—which, however, does not suit the context]. ↗ original

קסילופונוס (compound or composed of ξύλον a. φάνος, a compound not otherwise recorded) a torch made of wooden staves, especially of vines. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Ḳumi, p. 144ᵇ and the following עתידה … לעשות ק׳ וכ׳ (edition קסילפנוס, Oxford manuscript כסיל פנים, correct accordingly) in the future Jerusalem shall be a torch for the nations, and they shall walk by its light (referring to Isaiah 60, 3); Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 359 only פָּנָס; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 36, 10 (missing in edition Buber edition) מטרפולין (correct accordingly). Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 9 פעם אחת … ק׳ אחד משלכם (edition קסלפנוס, ניס …) once the (Roman) government sent word to our teachers, ‘send us one of your torches.’—plural קְסִילוֹפַנְסִין. the same place (ibid.) [read:] אמרו כמה ק׳ יש להם והם מבקשין ממנו קסילופנוס אחד כמדומין וכ׳ (strike out כמה מקות פנסין יש להם, as a corrupt variant reading Lect., and כמה אבנים טובים ומרגליות יש להם as an erroneous gloss) they said, they have ever so many torches, and they ask us for one torch? It seems to us, they mean one enlightening the countenances of men with his learning. ↗ original

קסלפונוס , see the preceding ↗ original

קָסַם (Biblical Hebrew) to cut, carve. Sanhedrin 9, 6 המקלל בקוֹסֵם (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition בקַסָּם) he that curses (his neighbor) invoking God as ‘a carver’ (instead of creator ex nihilo); explained the same place (ibid.) 81ᵇ יכה קוֹסֵם את קוֹסָמוֹ (Munich manuscript את קוסו, emended קוסמו, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קִסְמוֹ, קִיסְמוֹ) may the carver strike his carving; anoth. explanation יכהו קוסם לו ולקונו ולמקנו may the carver strike him (euphem. for thee), himself (thyself) etc., see קָנָה; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, end, 27ᵇ, see קַיְינָא. to decide (compare גָּזַר). Chagigah 14ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 3, 2) קוסם זה מלך ḳosem means king (with referring to Proverbs 16, 10); Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 261. (see קֶסֶם) to divine. Sifré Deuteronomy 171 איזהו קוסם זה האוחז וכ׳ who is a ḳosem? He that seizes his staff (and measuring it fist-wise says), shall I or shall I not go? (referring to Hosea 4, 12); Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 918. Sanhedrin 106ᵃ (referring to Joshua 13, 22) קזסם נביא הוא a charmer? is he not a prophet? בתחלה נביא ולבסוף קוסם at first a prophet, and in the end a charmer. Bamidbar Rabbah section 20 (referring to Numbers 22, 7) הוליכו … קסמים שהיו קוֹסְמִין בהן they carried with them all kinds of divining implements with which people divine. Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 7 לִקְסוֹם קסמים, see קֶסֶם; and elsewhere Pi'el פִּעֵל קִסֵּם to divine. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 79, beginning עמד לו מְקַסֵּם וכ׳ he stood up and divined to find out whether or not to go up. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַסֵּם , see קִרְסֵם ↗ original

קְסַם 1 to cut, chip. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, 34ᵃ וקַסְמָהּ בידיה וכ׳ he chipped it (their argument) with his hand, i.e. made a motion with his hand to indicate his dissent (and said) etc. to divine. Targum Ezekiel 21, 26. Targum Deuteronomy 18, 10 קָסֵים edition Berlin edition (other edition קָסֵם, incorr. קוֹסֵם); and elsewhere—Gittin 68ᵇ חזי … קָסֵים אחיך saw a diviner who was divining, and laughed (at him). the same place (ibid.) לִקְסוֹם … תותיה let him divine what is under him. ↗ original

קֶסֶם the preceding) chip, carving, see קָסַם.—plural קְסָמִים, קְסָמִין, see קִיסָּם. decision, especially decision by lot or sign, divination, augury; means or tools of divination. —plural as ab. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joshua 2) התחיל קוסם ק׳ he began to make divinations (by throwing arrows etc.); Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 7 לקסום ק׳. Bamidbar Rabbah section 20, see קָסַם. the same place (ibid.) שידעו בק׳ שלהם וכ׳ they knew that there was no profit in their divining signs; and frequently ↗ original

קְסַם 2 decision. Targum Proverbs 16, 10. divination, divining tools. Targum Ezekiel 21, 26 (edition Vilna edition קֶסֶם); 27; and elsewhere—plural קִסְמִין, קִסְמַיָּא, קֻ׳, קוּ׳, קִי׳. Targum Deuteronomy 18, 10 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 קַסְ׳). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 30, 27. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 18, 14 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2, see קַסָּמָא); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 3, end, 51ᵃ, see קַנְטֵר. ↗ original

קִסָּם chip, see קִיסָּם, קֵיסֶם. ↗ original

קְסַם 3 proper noun of a place, see קִיסַם ↗ original

קַסָּם (קָסַם) carver. Sanhedrin 9, 6 Yerushalmi (prefix) edition, see קָסַם. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 14 כל מי שנעשה ק׳ וכ׳ he that makes himself a carver (skilful worker) in the words of the Law shall finally become a king (leader) through them (with referring to Proverbs 16, 10). [the same place (ibid.) שנעשה בהם ק׳ some edition, read: סַפִּיר; see Matt. K. ad loc. (on the passage)] ↗ original

קַסָּמָא (קְסַם 1) diviner, charmer. Targum Joshua 13, 22 (not קִ׳).—Gittin 68ᵇ, see קְסַם I.—plural קַסָּמַיָּא, קָסָ׳, קָסְ׳, קוֹסְ׳. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 18, 14 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 קִסְמֵי, correct accordingly).—Targum Zechariah 10, 2. Targum I Samuel 6, 2; and frequently ↗ original

קִסְמָא , see קְסַם 2 ↗ original

קִסְמִית , see קִיסְמִית ↗ original

קסנטור , see קְוִיסְטוֹר ↗ original

קָסַס Polel) to cut, see קְסָסָה.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵇ top הקוֹסֵס את החטים Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), edition הכוסס, see כָּסַס.] (of wine) to bite, have a pungent taste, be sourish. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 2, end, 29ᶜ היה לו יין קוֹסֵס וכ׳ had a sourish wine, and he put barley into it that it might become sour (vinegar). Tosefta Bava Bathra 6, 6 if one sells a cellar full of wine, מקבל … קוֹסְסוֹת למאה he (the purchaser) must accept ten casks of pungent wine for every hundred. Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 2 היין שקסס Munich manuscript (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition שקִיסֵּס; edition שקרם, variant reading שהִקְסִיס) wine that has turned sourish; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיסֵּס ; Hif'il הִקְסִיס, see above. ↗ original

קְסָסָה , plural קְסָסוֹת (the preceding) lumps, balls (compare קְזוֹזוֹת). Nazir 65ᵃ נוטל את הקיסמין ואת הק׳ he takes up the chips (of the coffin) and the lumps of earth (formed by congealed blood and secretions from the decaying body) etc. ↗ original

קַסְקַסִּין , see קַשְׂקֶשֶׂת ↗ original

קֵסַר , see קֵיסַר ↗ original

קסרטל , see קְרַסְטְלִין ↗ original

קִסְרִי , see sub קִיס׳. ↗ original

קסרין , Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 11 ראש ק׳, a gloss explained ממונה על האוצרות, probably meant for קַסְטְרִין; perh. for סִיקָרִין. ↗ original

קְסִרְקִיטוֹן (exercitus, ἐξέρκετον, S.) army. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Naḥmasculine) (referring to Isaiah 29, 1) קריה … דוד לק׳ שלו the city which David built for his army; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 302 קיסרקיסון (correct accordingly). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 13 נטל קצרקטין שלו וכ׳ (read: קְצִרְקְטוֹן) he took his entire army and his servants (cabinet) etc. ↗ original

קִסְתָּא , see קִיסְטְ ↗ original

קסתות , Kelim 15, 1 Rabbenu Shimshon, see קִיסְטָה ↗ original

קְעִילָה , Eruvin 63ᵇ, see קִלְעָא I.—plural קְעִילִין, Sanhedrin 106ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh); Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 771, see קֶלַע 3. ↗ original

קְעִילִית (denominative of קעילה) of Keilah, a town in the lowland district of Judæa. Yoma 76ᵃ, and elsewhere דבילה ק׳, see דְּבֵילָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 3, beginning 65ᶜ בקש … נאמר אם היתה ק׳ וכ׳ if one wants to bring (as first fruits) pressed figs, shall we say, if they are from Keilah, he may, if from Bozrah, he dare not? ↗ original

קִעְקֵעַ 1 (onomatopoetic) to cackle; to call hens by imitating their cackling. Kiddushin 31ᵃ (sarcastically) הטל … וקַעְקֵעַ להן וכ׳ put water in a bowl and call them as you do hens. ↗ original

קִעְקֵעַ 2 (transpos. of עקעק, see עוּק; compare גִּעְגֵּעַ) to engrave (compare חָקַק); to etch in. Makkoth 3, 6 כתב ולא ק׳ ק׳ … וִיקַעְקֵעַ if he writes (on his skin) but makes no impression, or makes an impression but does not write, he is not guilty (of trespassing the law, Leviticus 19, 28) until he writes and stamps with ink etc.; Sifra K’doshim, Parah 3, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 6; and elsewhere to stamp out, exterminate. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 4, 44ᵃ top, and elsewhere, see בֵּיצָה. Tosefta Bava Kamma 10, 5; Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 5, 47ᵃ bottom of the page יְקַעְקֵעַ כל הבירה וכ׳ he must (if necessary) take down the entire group of buildings in order to restore it (the stolen beam). Shemoth Rabbah section 35 החריבה אותו אלא שלא קִעְקְעָה אותו וכ׳ she (Babylon) laid the Temple in ruins, but she did not stamp it out, whereas of Edom it is written (Psalms 137, 7), ‘raze it, raze it etc.’ Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַעְקֵעַ, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַעְקֵעַ to be stamped out, see בֵּיצָה. Esther Rabbah to 1, 7 מי גרם … שתִּתְקַעְקֵעַ ביצתו וכ׳ what was the cause that Belshazzar’s dynasty was entirely exterminated? Ruth Rabbah to 4, 14 מברכותיהן … לא נִתְקַעְקְעָה ביצתו וכ׳ owing to the blessings of the women, the seed of David was not entirely exterminated in the days of Athaliah. Pesikta Rabbati section 12 ואימתי שמשו שוקעת וביצתו מִתְקַעְקַעַת וכ׳ and when shall his (Amalek’s) sun go down and his egg be stamped out and his seed uprooted? ↗ original

קַעְקַע the preceding) impression; כתובת ק׳ etched inscription. Makkoth 3, 6; Vayikra Rabbah section 19, and elsewhere, see כְּתוֹבֶת. ↗ original

קַעְקָא neck, see קוֹעָא. ↗ original

קְעָרָה קער to be sunk, dish, charger. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ bottom of the page אלכסנדרוס … ואת הים כק׳ when Alexander the Macedonian attempted to ascend to heaven, he rose higher and higher, until he saw the earth beneath him like a ball and the sea like a dish; ויצורינה ק׳ בידיה and why is he not represented with a dish in his hand?; Bamidbar Rabbah section 13. the same place (ibid.) הקריב ק׳ … ודומה לק׳ he offered a charger which is typical of the sea that surrounds the whole world and resembles a dish. Kerithoth 7ᵇ, see גָּדַף. Bava Bathra 16ᵃ בקש איוב להפוך ק׳ על פיה Job attempted to turn the dish upside down, i.e. to challenge Providence; and frequently—plural קְעָרוֹת. Menachoth 97ᵃ, see דָפוּס; and elsewhere ↗ original

קָפָא see קפי ↗ original

קַפָּא 1 (κάππα) the letter kappa (k′) as numeral, twenty. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי (חד בר נש), see דּוֹקְיָיא; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 55ᵇ bottom of the page [read:] מני עשרין … ק׳ דוקייא count twenty beams in thy house (counting upwards and downwards until you arrive at twenty), and thou shalt find thy father’s savings, kappa dokia (twenty beams; oneirocritical play on Cappadocia; see Bereshith Rabbah section 68). ↗ original

קַפָּא 2 (קפף) trunk, vine, see קוֹפָא 2.— (see קוֹפָא 2, 1) pole, beam. Berachoth 56ᵇ, see דִּיקָא. the same place (ibid.) זיל חזי ק׳ דריש עשרה וכ׳ go and examine the beam which heads the number ten, and you shall find (in number eleven) etc.; see, however, the preceding ↗ original

קַפָּא 3 (or קָפָא) name of a worm in herbs which causes disease of the bowels; (other opinion) a poisonous substance in vegetables. Pesachim 115ᵇ צריך לשקועיה … משום ק׳ you must dip the bitter herb into the ḥăroseth to counteract the effect of the ḳappa. the same place (ibid.) לא … וק׳ מריחא מיית it is not necessary to dip it, for the ḳ. dies from the smell (of the ḥăroseth). the same place (ibid.) 116ᵃ, see חַמָּא.—Tosefta Terumoth 7, 11 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קַפָּה. ↗ original

קפאטיות , see קוּבְטָאוֹת ↗ original

קָפַד (Biblical Hebrew) to contract, convolve, see קוּפָּד. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְפִּיד (compare קָצַף) to be angry, lose temper. Taanith 20ᵇ מימי לא הִקְפַּדְתִּי וכ׳ never did I lose my temper in my house; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, end, 67ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 7ᵈ (prayer on entering the schoolhouse) שלא אַקְפִּיד … יַקְפִּידוּ וכ׳ that I may not get excited over my colleagues, and my colleagues may not get excited over me. Shabbath 31ᵃ והלל לא יַקְפִּיד and Hillel (1) shall not get impatient. Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) I מַקְפִּיד על דבריו, see מָתַן. Shemoth Rabbah section 6 ואף הוא מקפיד (not מקפידו) and he (Moses) also lost his temper. the same place (ibid.) ואתה מקפיד על דברי and thou losest thy temper in spite of my word (that declared thee the most patient of men)?; and frequently to provoke, insult. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 4, 28ᵈ bottom of the page ה׳ את וכ׳ he insulted an elder and struck him. to be strict, particular; to care for, mind. Mikvaoth 9, 3; 7 כל המקפיד עליו הוצץ whatever one minds (on one’s body) causes a partition for immersion, see חָצַץ I. Bava Metzia 75ᵃ בני חבורה המַקְפִּידִין וכ׳ members of a party that are particular with one another (in lending and borrowing); Shabbath 149ᵃ. Chullin 107ᵇ שני אחין ומקפידין וכ׳ two brothers (taking separate meals at the same table) who are particular with each other. Bereshith Rabbah section 65 לא היתה מַקְפֶּדֶת וכ׳ did not mind the pollution through idolatry; and very frequently ↗ original

קְפַד , to be angry, sensitive; to be particular, care for, mind. Sanhedrin 113ᵇ, see קַפְדָּן. Chullin 107ᵃ קַפְדִּיתוּ אמנא are you particular about the condition of the vessel (used for ablution)? the same place (ibid.) אמנא ואחזותא קַפְדִּינָן we are particular about the vessel and about the color (of the water), אשיעורא לא קַפְדִּינָן we are not so about the quantity. Shabbath 147ᵃ והוא דקָפֵיד עלייהו provided a person is particular about his garments’ being shaken before he puts them on; אנן לא קפדינן we do not care about it. Pesachim 110ᵇ כל דקפיד קָפְדֵּי בהדיה וכ׳ he that minds (such practices) is strictly dealt with (suffers for disregarding them); he that does not care etc. Sanhedrin 67ᵇ דקפיד אמנא שד a magician that is particular about the vessel he uses is a conjurer of demons; and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל קַפֵּיד same. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 4ᵃ top מְקַפְּדִין, see קוּרְיָיאָה Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְפַד, אִיקְּפַד to be contracted, shortened. Targum Isaiah 38, 12 (edition Lagarde edition איתקפלו). the same place (ibid.) 50, 2. Targum Micah 2, 7. to be angry, excited. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵇ top שמע … וא׳ עילוי Samuel heard of it and was angry with him. Kiddushin 33ᵃ; and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְפַּד to provoke, insult. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 8, end, 6ᶜ חד בר נש א׳ לר׳ וכ׳ (not איק׳) a man insulted R. Ḥ. ↗ original

קַפְדָּן (the preceding words) hot-tempered, impetuous, opposite עִנְוְתָן. Avoth 2, 5 לא הק׳ מלמד (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הקו׳) an impatient man cannot be a teacher. Shabbath 30ᵇ bottom of the page, see עִנְוְתָן; Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 15. Sanhedrin 113ᵃ and the following (in Chal. dict.) אבא אליהו ק׳ הוה father Elijah (the prophet) was hot-tempered (dealing with Ahab too severely); א"ל ק׳ קרית לי … דקא קפיד מר said he (Elijah) to him, thou didst call me hot-tempered! Said he, this very case before us proves it, for thou art resentful; and elsewhere ↗ original

קַפְדָּנוּת (the preceding) impatience, anger, irritability, opposite עִנְוְתָנוּת. Bereshith Rabbah section 74, and elsewhere קַפְדָּנוּתָן, see עִנְוְתָנוּת. Shabbath 31ᵃ קַפְדָּנוּתוֹ של שמאי וכ׳ Shammai’s impatience came near driving us out of the world (of salvation); Aboth dRabbi Nathan 2 (edition Schechter) Chaldaic (Aramaic) 29 קִפְדָּנוּתְךָ שמאי וכ׳ thy impatience, O Shammai, etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original

קָפָה , see קפי ↗ original

קֵפֶה , see קֵיפֶא ↗ original

קַפָּה name of a worm in herbs. Tosefta Terumoth 7, 11 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קפא), see קַפָּא 3. ↗ original

קִפּוֹד , see קִיפּוֹד ↗ original

קַפּוּדְקָאָה , see קַפּוּדְקָיָא ↗ original

קַפּוּדְקְיָא Cappadocia, a district of Asia Minor. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 2, 23 קַפּוּטְקַ׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Vienna edition קְיָאָה …; Hebrew text כפתר). Targum Amos 9, 7.—Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי (חד בר נש); Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 55ᵇ bottom of the page; Berachoth 56ᵇ, see קַפָּא I, 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 2, end, 4ᵇ, see קִיסְרִין; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 5 קפוט׳. Kethuboth 13, 11 קפוט׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) edition קפוד׳. Shabbath 26ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 3, see נֵפְטְ; and elsewhere ↗ original

קַפּוּדְקָיָא (the preceding) Cappadocian. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᶜ top ר׳ יודן ק׳. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 23 ר׳ שמואל ק׳; Pesikta Rabbati section 14; and elsewhere—plural קַפּוּדְקָאֵי, קַפּוּטְ׳. Targum Genesis 10, 14 (Hebrew text כפתרים). Targum Ezekiel 27, 11 (Hebrew text גמדים); and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 9, 39ᵃ top ק׳ דציפורין the Cappadocian students at Sepphoris. ↗ original

קָפוֹז (קְפַז) jumper, runner. Bereshith Rabbah section 86 (explained איש מצליה, Genesis 39, 2) גבר ק׳ a running (quick) man (with referring to וצלחו, 2 Samuel 19, 18); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 145 קָפֵיז. ↗ original

קפוטורין , see פִּיטּוּרֵי ↗ original

קַפּוּטִיקִי = קַפּוּדְקְיָא (?) Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 148; see, however, פְּלַסְטִינִי. ↗ original

קַפּוּטְקָאָה , see sub קַפּוּדְקְ׳. ↗ original

קִפּוּי , see sub קִיפּ׳. ↗ original

קְפוֹלָאָה (קְפַל 2) grave-robber. — plural קְפוֹלָאֵי. Shabbath 152ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 376; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 33, see קְפַל 2. ↗ original

קפונדרא , see קָפַּנְדַּרְיָא ↗ original

קְפוּסַאי , see קְבוּסַאי ↗ original

קִפּוֹף , see sub קִיפּ׳. ↗ original

קָפוּף (= קוּפָּה) basket; ק׳ ומחוק the peddlar’s basket with the strike which he carries with him. Tosefta Chullin 8, 4 [read:] נותנן בק׳ ובמ׳ ומפשילן וכ׳ he may put them (the fowl and the cheese) into the basket and throw them over his shoulder. ↗ original

קִפּוּץ , see קִיפּוּץ ↗ original

קְפוּצַאי , see קְבוּסַאי ↗ original

קָפֵז (compare קָפַץ) to leap, dance. Bereshith Rabbah section 68 קוֹפְזִים בו Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קְפֵזִים), see אָפֵז. Bereshith Rabbah section 87 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קפץ). ↗ original

קְפַז Targum Song of Songs 2, 8 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition טְפַז, which see).—Bereshith Rabbah section 86, end כל דקָפֵיז לה נסיב וכ׳ whoever jumps up on her (the bear), shall get all the ornaments upon her. the same place (ibid.) [read:] מסתכלין אתון … בניביה של אותה דובה ואתון קְפוֹז קַפְזִין אתמהא (strike out אמר ר׳ ברכיה) you look at what is on her, but I look at the tusks of that bear; and will you jump?; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 145 ואיתקפז, read: וְאַתְּ קפז and jump thou. ↗ original

קָפַח (compare (compare גבח, כופח) to arch, bend.—Denom. קִיפֵּחַ. to slap (with the palm of the hand); to strike. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 79 קְפָחַתָּהּ, see טָפַח I. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 15, 14ᵈ אין החמה קוֹפַחַת על וכ׳ the sun strikes the head of man only in the harvesting season. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 6 קְפָחַתּוֹ החמה על וכ׳ the sun struck his head, and his face became bronzed. the same place (ibid.) 6, 10.—Bereshith Rabbah section 67 (referring to Genesis 27, 46) קופחת זו לזו וזו לזו slapping this against that, and that against this’ i.e. (compare נָקַשׁ) believing all of them equally bad.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 20, end, 17ᵈ קפוח, see next. word—Horayoth 11ᵇ, see below.] Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיפֵּחֵ same. Bereshith Rabbah section 23 (referring to וזה, Genesis 11, 6) ק׳ על ראשו וכ׳ he put his hand upon Nimrod’s head, saying, this man etc.; the same place (ibid.) section 26. to bend, force, outrage, overwhelm. Pesachim 118ᵃ הקב"ה איֹנו מְקַפֵּחַ שכר וכ׳ the Lord does not outrage (by withholding) the reward of any creature, i.e. even the wicked are rewarded for what good they may do; Nazir 23ᵇ אין … מקפח אפי׳ שכר וכ׳ God does not withhold the reward even for a decorous word. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 1, 22ᵃ איפשר … והוא מְקַפְּחוֹ במים(= מק׳ שכרו) is it possible? he honored his Creator with water, and he should outrage him with water (allow his daughter to be drowned)?; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, 48ᵈ bottom of the page מקפתו (correct accordingly). Kiddushin 52ᵇ לקַפְּחֵנִי בהלכות וכ׳ they come to overwhelm me with citations of traditions (of which they will prove me to be ignorant); Nazir 49ᵇ. Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 (31) קִיפְּחָה נזירות בראשה she forced the nazarite obligations upon her head (the vow was of her own doing); and frequently—participle pass. מְקוּפָּח; feminine מְקוּפַּחַת forced, perverted, distorted. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, 18ᵈ bottom of the page נמצאת מידת הדין מק׳ justice would appear perverted; Bamidbar Rabbah the passage cited Oholoth 16, 1 אקפח … שזו הלכה מק׳ may I bury my children (see below), if this is not a distorted (misrepresented) hălakhah; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 15, 12. to overpower, take from one by force. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 8, 26ᵇ bottom of the page יושב … ומקפח הבריות וכ׳ he will sit at cross-roads and rob the people and kill etc.; (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 72ᵃ ומלסטם); Vayikra Rabbah section 30 ומק׳ לעוברים ושבים. Yoma 83ᵇ קִפַּחְתָּ את הרועה thou hast forced the shepherd (to give thee his bread); אני קִפַּחְתִּי … ואתה קפחת וכ׳ I laid the shepherd under contribution, but thou didst so to the whole town (when they all came to his rescue with refreshments). Pesikta Rabbati section 3 ראה כמה קי׳ לוט וכ׳ see to what extent Lot deprived Abraham of the divine communication!; and frequently to cover, bury, survive. Oholoth the passage cited; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 16, 15ᶜ bottom of the page אֲקַפֵּחַ את בניי וכ׳ may I bury my children if etc. (an oath frequently used by R. Ṭarfon). Bava Metzia 85ᵃ אותו צדיק שהיה מקפח את בניו that righteous man (Ṭarfon) who used to swear by the life of his children. Pesachim 87ᵇ אין לך כל נביא … שלא ק׳ וכ׳ there was not a single prophet that did not survive four kings etc.; and frequently—Transferred a) to ruin. Shabbath 147ᵇ חמרא … קִיפְּתוּ וכ׳ the wine of P’rugitha and the baths of D. (luxurious life) ruined ten tribes of Israel. Kiddushin 4, 14 (82ᵃ); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 15 קיפחתי את פרנסתי I have ruined my livelihood (forfeited the privilege of support without toil like dumb animals); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, end, 66ᵈ (not קופחתי).—b) to cover up, retain. Kerithoth 5ᵃ bottom of the page קלט את הריח וקִיפְּחוֹ the oil resorbed the scent and retained it; Horayoth 11ᵇ קולט … וקפחו (edition Venice וקופיחו; correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 387 (not וקיפחן). (denominative of קִפֵּחַ) to make high and arched shoulders, to cause or pretend to be humpbacked. Sotah 8, 6 כל המבקש … לקַפֵּחַ את שוקיו if anybody attempted to go back (desert the army), he (the officer) was empowered to beat him until he was humpbacked; Sifré Deuteronomy 198; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 923. Tosefta Peah lV, 14 המקפח את שוקיו (a beggar) who simulates a hump; Kethuboth 68ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵇ top המנפח (read: המְכַפֵּחַ). ↗ original

קְפַח , to force, overwhelm; to rob. Targum Hosea 7, 1 קָפְחִין (not קַפָּחִין).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 20, end, 17ᵈ קְפוֹחַ קְפִיחָה rob him that has been robbed (see צְנִינִים). Pa'el פִּעֵל קַפֵּחַ same. Yoma 83ᵇ קַפְּחֵיה לרועה וכ׳ he overpowered the shepherd and ate his bread. Bereshith Rabbah section 75, beginning שרי מְקַפֵּחַ ביה began to rob him. Bereshith Rabbah section 87 הא … קום קַפְּחִינָהּ the she-bear is before thee, rise and overpower her, i.e. here is a temptation, conquer it. Vayikra Rabbah section 18 לסטין אתאן למְקַפְּחָא יתי robbers are coming to rob me. Vayikra Rabbah section 30 קַפְּחֵיה ונסב וכ׳ he overpowered him and took all he had. the same place (ibid.) הב … דקַפַּחְתַּנִי give me back what thou hast robbed me of. the same place (ibid.) מן כל מה דקַפְּחִית וכ׳ of all I forced (out of thee) and of all I took, this man has (I have) nothing left except this rug. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 26 והוא נפיק ומקפח בליליא and he used to go out by night for robbery; and frequently—Gittin 29ᵇ קַפְּחִינְהוּ רב ספרא וכ׳ R. Safra got the better of three ordained rabbis; קפחינהו … בטעותא Rabbenu Shimshon got the better of …, by showing them their mistake. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיקְּפַח to be overpowered, robbed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 46ᵇ bottom of the page [read:] ר׳ יוחנן א׳ בעלי וכ׳, see קַנְיָיה. the same place (ibid.) אִיקַּפְחִית וכ׳ (not איקפחת) I have been robbed etc. ↗ original

קִפֵּחַ , see כִּיפֵּחַ ↗ original

קַפָּחוּתָא (preceding article) overthrow, victory. Gittin 29ᵇ מאי ק׳ Rashi (edition במאי קפחינהו) where is his victory?, i.e. his argument is not unanswerable. ↗ original

קַפְטָאוֹת , see קוּבְטָאוֹת ↗ original

קפי (Biblical Hebrew) [to bend, arch, be arched,] to be on top, float on the surface. participle pass. קָפוּי; feminine קְפוּיָה; plural קְפוּיִים, קְפוּיִין; קְפוּיוֹת light of weight. Pesachim 50ᵃ (referring to יקרות וקפאון, Zechariah 14, 6) אור שיקר בעוה"ז ק׳ הוא וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition וק׳) light which is weighty (precious, rare) in this world shall be light (little esteemed, an ordinary thing) in the world to come; the same place (ibid.) נגעים … וקפויין וכ׳ (Munich manuscript קפויות) the treatises Negaim and Oholoth, which are heavy (difficult, obscure) in this world, shall be light (easily understood) etc., the same place (ibid.) אלו בני אדם … (ו)ק׳ הם וכ׳ those who are weighty (important on account of their wealth, though otherwise without merit) in this world, shall be light (disregarded) etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Zechariah 583. to coagulate, be curdled. Bereshith Rabbah section 4 כיון שירד … מיד הוא קוֹפֵא ועומד edition Vilna edition (other edition קוֹפֶה) as soon as a drop of m’so (see מְסוֹ) is put in, the milk curdles and ‘stands’ (see עָמַד); the same place (ibid.) section 14 קופה (edition Vilna edition קָפוּי); Vayikra Rabbah section 14 נִקְפָּא. Tanchuma Beshallach 17; Mechilta the same place (ibid.), Shirah, section 6 קפא עליהם וכ׳ the sea around them was congealed as far as etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 248 נִקְפָּה; and elsewhere—[Tosefta Maasroth 1, 7, see below.] Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיפָּה to skim, take off the scum and the substances that gather on wine when it begins to ferment. Maasroth 1, 7 היין משיְקַפֶּה אע"פ שקי׳ וכ׳ Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Babylonian and Mishnah edition שקִפָּה) wine is subject to tithes when the manufacturer begins to skim; but although he has skimmed, he may take etc.; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 7 אע"פ שקופה edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading שקיפה); Avodah Zarah 56ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 7, beginning 11ᵇ; [Maimonides to Maasroth the passage cited seems to read משיִקְפֶּה, explained to form scum]. Tosefta the passage cited שולה וקופה edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading שילה וקיפה), see שָׁלָה. Maasroth 4, 1 המְקַפֵּא לתבשיל he that skims for the purpose of taking wine for a dish; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 9 המְקַפֶּה בעריבה he that skims and takes wine out in a trough; and frequently—In gen. to take from the top. Terumoth 4, 11 סאה … וְקִפְּאָהּ if one S’ah of T’rumah fell on top of a pile, and he took it off. the same place (ibid.) יְקַפְּאֶנָּה Mishnah edition (Babylonian edition יַקְפִּיאֶנָּה Hif'il; Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Krot. ייקפינה, read: יְקַפֶּינָּה; Munich manuscript יקיפנה, correct accordingly) let him take it off. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 43ᵃ bottom of the page קפה וחזר וק׳ if he took from the top once and again; and elsewhere Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְפִּיא, הִקְפָּה same, see above.—2) to cause to float. Berachoth 40ᵃ המַקְפֶּה אכילתו במים he that makes his food float in water (who drinks freely after meals). Shabbath 21ᵃ להַקְפּוֹת to keep the wick floating.—3) to curdle, congeal; to cause coagulation; to become thick. Chullin 120ᵃ; Menachoth 21ᵃ ה׳ את הדם if he made the blood thick (through boiling); the same place (ibid.) הִקְפָּהוּ באור manuscripts (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 30) if he made it thick by means of artificial heat; הקפהו בחמה by exposure to the sun. Vayikra Rabbah section 14 (referring to Job 10, 10) הִקְפִיאֲתָנִי אינו אומר וכ׳ it does not read, thou hast curdled me, but thou wilt etc.; Bereshith Rabbah section 14 הִקְפֵּאתַנִי (some edition הִקְפֵּתַנִי). Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 (referring to Exodus 15, 8) ה׳ שלישו של ים he made one-third of the sea thick (see above); and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְפָּא, נִקְפָּה to be curdled, made thick. Vayikra Rabbah the passage cited; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 248, see above.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 7, end, 40ᶜ ניקפת, read: נִיכְפֵּית, see כָּפָה.] ↗ original

קְפֵי , to float, be on top. Targum 2 Kings 6, 6 (Hebrew text ויצף). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 15, 8.—Sukkah 53ᵃ ק׳ תהומא וכ׳ the waters of the deep came on top and threatened to flood the world; Makkoth 11ᵃ. Chullin 26ᵇ איידי דמיא … ק׳ מלעיל because water is heavier, it rests below, and the fruit floats on top of the page the same place (ibid.) 111ᵇ דמא … דכבדא ק׳ the blood of flesh sinks, that of the liver floats. Eruvin 53ᵇ ותִיקְפֵּי עלת וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition ותתקפו, Rashi ותתקפי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)), see עַלַּת; and elsewhere—2) to coagulate, curdle. Targum Onkelos Exodus 15, 8.—Chullin 93ᵇ מִיקְפָּא קָפֵי the blood coagulates, opposite דייב. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְפֵּי to cause to float. Chagigah 16ᵇ אַקְפּוּ ידייכו let your hands float (rest lightly on the head of the sacrifice). Shabbath 128ᵇ דמַקְפְּיָא נפשה (or דמְקַפְּיָא Pa.) she (the hen) makes herself float (raises her feet and spreads her wings, so that you have to carry her instead of making her walk). to overflow; to be flooded. Kiddushin 72ᵃ א׳ פירא דכוורי וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בכוורי) a fish pond overflowed on the Sabbath, and they went and caught fish etc. Bava Metzia 12ᵇ דא׳ אגמא בכוורי (Rashi a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דאַקְפָּאִי; Manuscript Rome 2 קְפָאִי; Manuscript Rome 1 אכפאי, correct accordingly) when a meadow was flooded with fish (the flood carrying fish over the meadow). to cause coagulation. Chullin 120ᵃ כיון דאַקְפֵּיה וכ׳ since he took pains to make the blood thick (by boiling), he proved that he had his mind on it. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְפֵי to float, see above. ↗ original

קְפֵידָא (קְפַד) minding, caring for, an intimation that you care for a thing to be exactly as you want it, a legal objection. Kethuboth 72ᵇ מידי … הוי קְפֵידֵיה ק׳ if the vow concerns a thing which people (husbands) generally mind (e.g. a wife’s abstinence from meat and wine or from ornamenting her body), his objection to it is valid (and if he betrothed her with the condition that she had no vows to bind her, he has a right to dismiss her without her jointure), but etc. Bava Bathra 165ᵃ האשה שאמרה … מר סבר ק׳ ומר וכ׳ if a woman said, receive a letter of divorce for me at such and such a place, and they received it at a different place …, one is of the opinion, it was an intimation that she was particular about the place (and the act is invalid); the other says, it was merely an intimation of the place where the messenger was likely to find her husband. the same place (ibid.) . באתרא דנהיגי פשוט … ועבד ליה מקושר ק׳ where the usage is to make a plain document, and he said, make it plain, and the writer made a rolled up document, the objection is valid; Kiddushin 49ᵃ; and frequently—Sotah 26ᵇ, see next word—plural קְפֵירִין. Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 28 (explained עיניו, Job 36, 7) עייניהון קְפֵידֵיהוֹן what they have in sight, what they care for (see, however, פֹּורָא). ↗ original

קְפִידָה , minding, objection. Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 מהו דתימא בקְפִידַת הבעל וכ׳ you may have thought that the Scripture makes the case dependent on the husband’s objection, and the husband shows here that he does object (to her conduct); Sotah 26ᵇ בקפידא דבעל (Chaldaic (Aramaic)). ↗ original

קְפִידוּתָא (קְפַד) shrinking, shortness. Targum Isaiah 59, 1 קְפִידוּת ידא lack of power. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 6, 9 ק׳ רוחא (Hebrew text קצר רוח). ↗ original

קְפִיזָא ḳ’fiza, name of a small measure (Pers. ḳawij, Greek καπίθη). Menachoth 24ᵃ ק׳ בקבא if one hollowed out a ḳ. within a kab measure. Pesachim 48ᵇ נהוג למיפא ק׳ ק׳ are in the habit of baking only a ḳ. at a time. Chullin 25ᵃ חק ק׳ בקבא he hollowed out a ḳ. in a block intended for a kab measure; Shabbath 103ᵃ; and frequently—plural קְפִיזֵי. the same place (ibid.) 110ᵇ. Menachoth 78ᵃ; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְפִיחָה , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 20, end, 17ᵈ, see קְפַח ↗ original

קפיטורין , see פִּיטּוּרֵי ↗ original

קְפֵילָא (κάπηλος) huckster, dealer in victuals; tavern-keeper. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 5, 10ᶜ bottom of the page יהב חד דינר לק׳ ונסב מיניה בשער זלילה וכ׳ (not בשעה) advanced one denar to a huckster and received all he bought of him at the lowest prices of the entire year. Vayikra Rabbah section 12 (referring to Proverbs 23, 29 and the following) זה שנכנס לבי ק׳ וכ׳ he who is the first to enter the tavern and the last to leave it; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 960 קְפֵלָא; and frequently—Esp. keeper of a cook-shop, professional cook. Chullin 97ᵃ ליטעמיה ק׳ ארמאה let a gentile cook taste it. the same place (ibid.) אמור רבנן בק׳ there are cases when the rabbis make the decision dependent on the taste of a gentile cook; and frequently—plural (Hebrew) קְפֵילָאוֹת, (Chaldaic (Aramaic)) קְפֵילַיָּא. Tosefta Bava Metzia 11, 30 הנחתומים והק׳ the bakers and the tavern-keepers. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 7, 38ᵃ top, see כַּתַּף. ↗ original

קַפִּילִיטָא (capillitium) hair, wig; hair-dress. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, beginning 7ᵈ קַפִּילִיטָהּ (Musafia in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קפליטא), see לִיבְרָה.—5. קַפְלָטִין. ↗ original

קְפֵילִין (καπηλεῖον) cook-shop, tavern. Bereshith Rabbah section 19, beginning; Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 967. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, 19ᵃ אעלוניה לק׳ וחסרוניה וכ׳ they took him to a tavern and made him one ḳaraṭ poorer; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵃ bottom of the page ↗ original

קְפִיפָה (קָפַף) = כְּפִיפָה, basket. Kelim 26, 1 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. edition Dehr. (edition כ׳); Shabbath 20, 2 (139ᵇ) Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Babylonian a. Mishnah כ׳); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, 11ᵇ ק׳ מצרית, see כְּפִיפָה. plural קְפִיפִים, קְפִיפִיֹּות (frequently קְפִיפִית) circular enclosures. Tosefta Oholoth 8, 8; Bechoroth 22ᵃ, see טְפִיפִית. ↗ original

קָפִיץ , plural קְפִיצִין (compare קָפַץ; קֶבֶץ, a. Syriac (Peshitta) קופסא poples, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3696) joints, hams of the knee. Bereshith Rabbah section 65 (referring to Ezekiel 1, 7) אין להם ק׳ they have no joints (cannot bend their knees). Vayikra Rabbah section 6; Pesikta Rabbati section 22 מלאכי … ק׳ the angels of destruction have no joints (cannot sit or lie down); and elsewhere—Tosefta Parah 11 (10), 1 ספק הקְפָצִין a doubtful levitical uncleanness based on contact with one’s legs, opposite to הידים. ↗ original

קֻפִּיץ , see קוּפִּיץ ↗ original

קְפִיצָה (קָפַץ) leaping. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22 אותה ק׳ edition Buber edition (edition הקְפָצָה), see קָפַץ; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 687.—plural קְפִיצוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 5, 55ᶜ top היה … בקְפִיצוֹתָיו prided himself on his leaping performances. miraculous translation from place to place. Eruvin 43ᵃ רקאזיל בק׳ he traversed a large distance by miraculous flight; Yevamoth 116ᵃ skipping, intermission. Niddah 11ᵃ בלא ק׳ regularly.—plural as ab. the same place (ibid.); and elsewhere [closing of lips,] mimic intimation of, or to a deaf and dumb person.—plural as ab. Gittin 71ᵃ לא הלכו … ואחר קפיצותיו וכ׳ we follow his intimations by hints or motions of the lips or by writing only in the disposal of chattel, but not for letters of divorce. ↗ original

קפיקליטור , Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 6, read: סְפִיקָלָטוֹר; see קוֹזְמוֹקְרָטוֹר ↗ original

קָפַל 1 (see כָּפַל) to double, fold, roll up. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, 61ᶜ bottom of the page סדיני‌ן … היו קוֹפְלִין אותן they spread sheets on the floor, and, when the guests left, they folded them up. Menachoth 6, 4 (75ᵇ), see כָּפַל. Bereshith Rabbah section 52 היה קוֹפֵל את הוילון וכ׳ he had the curtain rolled up and spoke to him; the same place (ibid.) section 74 מְקַפֵּל. Esther Rabbah to 1, 5. Shemoth Rabbah section 52 שלשה … קְפָלוּהוּ for three months they kept the Tabernacle rolled up (did not put it up); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 417; (Tanchuma P’ḳudé 11 היה מונה ומפורק). Chullin 91ᵇ קְפָלָהּ הקב"ה לכל וכ׳ (Manuscript Hamburg קִיפֵּל) the Lord rolled up the entire land of Israel and placed it under him (Jacob); Bereshith Rabbah section 69 קפלה כפינקס he folded it together like a book of writing tablets; and frequently—Transferred to overlap, combine. Tanchuma Lekh 11 תשע … הקב"ה וכ׳ the Lord combined 980 generations in order to give the law of circumcision to Abraham (alluding to Psalms 105, 8); the same place (ibid.) תתקע"ד דור וכ׳ the Lord combined 974 generations in order to give the Law to the generation of the wilderness; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 4 (referring to אלף המגן, the same place (ibid.)) אלף דור קָפַלְתִּי וכ׳ I combined a thousand generations and brought that shield (the Law) which was the desire of your heart. Bava Bathra 121ᵇ שבעה קָפְלוּ וכ׳ (Rashb. קִיפְּלוּ) seven persons overlapped an entire world (lived through many generations): Methusalem saw Adam, Shem saw Methuselah etc.—participle passive קָפוּל; plural קְפוּלִים. Oholoth 11, 3 ק׳ זו ע"ג זו folded up (packed) one above the other. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיפֵּל same. Bereshith Rabbah section 52 לנביאי או"ה אינו מְקַפֵּל אותו וכ׳ for the gentile prophets the Lord does not lift the curtain, but speaks to them from behind it. Shabbath 2, 3 פתילת … שקִיפְּלָהּ וכ׳ a wick made of rags which one has twisted but not yet singed. the same place (ibid.) 15, 3 מְקַפְּלִין את הכלים וכ׳ you may fold garments etc. Parah 2, 3, see מוֹסֵרָה. Sotah 36ᵃ וקִיפְּלוּ את האבנים and they doubled up (packed) the stones, see below; (Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 8 ונטלו); and frequently—participle passive מְקוּפָּל; feminine מְקוּפֶּלֶת; plural מְקוּפָּלִים, מְקוּפָּלִין; מְקוּפָּלוֹת. Shabbath 58ᵃ; 147ᵃ היוצא בטלית מק׳ וכ׳ he that goes out with a cloak rolled up and laid over his shoulder. the same place (ibid.) סוחרי כסות … מק׳ וכ׳ dealers in clothes who go out with cloaks rolled up and laid etc. Sifré Numbers 84 וכשהם חונין … מק׳ ועומד and when they encamped, the pillar of cloud remained rolled up. Taanith 31ᵃ אפי׳ מק׳ וכ׳ even when folded and lying in the chest; and elsewhere—Nedarim 8, 4, see below. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְפִּיל to double up, lay up in layers, pack. Nedarim 8, 4 (61ᵇ) עד שיַקְפִּילוּ המקצועות Babylonian edition (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition שיכפילו; Mishnah שיְקַפְּלוּ), see מַקְצוּעָה; (the same place (ibid.) 61ᵇ Gemarah שיכפלו, שיכפילו); Tosefta Demai 1, 3 משיקפלו; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, beginning 21ᶜ משיקפלו. Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּקְפָּל to be laid up in layers, be folded up. Nedarim 62ᵃ הוּקְפְּלוּ רוב וכ׳ if most of the figs have been packed (most of the knives have been folded up). ↗ original

קְפַל Pa'el קַפֵּל same, to fold, roll up. participle passive מְקַפַּל. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 10, 35 (not מְקַפֵּל; see Sifré Numbers 84, quoted in the preceding).—Shabbath 58ᵃ ומְקַפֵּל ליה וכ׳ Rashi (edition ומיקפל, correct accordingly) he might roll the cloak up and put it over his shoulder; and elsewhere— to go up and down. Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 1 בר קפרא מקפל וכ׳ Bar Ḳ. was walking up and down the bluffs of etc.; [commentary or commentaries suggests emendation: מְטַיֵּיל]. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְפַל to be rolled up. Targum Isaiah 38, 12, see קְפַד. ↗ original

קָפַל 2 (transpos. of קלף; compare Syriac (Peshitta) קפל, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3691, and the following) to scrape, eat away. Sifré Numbers 85 [read:] ירדה … קוֹפֶלֶת ומחתה בהם מתחתיהם fire came down from heaven, and it was eating away and digging among them from under them; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 732 [read:] קופלת ומחתה בהם. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיפּל to scrape off. Moed Katan 9ᵇ בסיד … לקַפְּלוֹ במועד a lime paste which you may scrape off during the festive week.—[Sotah 35ᵇ, Rashi to Chullin 44ᵃ וקפלו את האבנים, ‘they scraped the stones’ by confounding with the same place (ibid.) 36ᵃ וקילפו את הסיד.] Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַפֵּל to be scraped; (of glassware) to be cut or engraven. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 4, 54ᵈ top מהו … שהיתה מִתְקַפֶּלֶת what kind of white glass is meant? Cut (or engraved) glass. ↗ original

קְפַל ² Pa'el קַפֵּל same, to scrape off. Bava Bathra 4ᵇ דקָפֵיל ליה חבריה וכ׳ (Rashi: מְקַפֵּל; Munich manuscript מְקַפּיל) the neighbor might scrape off (the clay) etc. the same place (ibid.) מקפיל ליה Munich manuscript (edition קליף ליה, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). to dig, unearth (especially used of grave robbers). Shabbath 152ᵇ הנהו קפולאי דהוו קָפְלֵי וכ׳ grave robbers that were unearthing (bodies) in the field of etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 376; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 33 מְקַפְּלֵי. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיקְּפִיל to be peeled off. Chullin 44ᵃ [read:] דאִיקְּפוּל אִיקְּפוּלֵי the gullet and windpipe were loosened by peeling, opposite דאפרוק איפרוקי they were torn off forcibly. ↗ original

קֶפֶל (קפַל 1) surrounding, guard (compare קוּפְלָיוֹת); proper noun of a place Ḳefel. Bava Bathra 75ᵇ (the Lord shall add to Jerusalem) אלף ק׳ וכ׳ one thousand times the area of Ḳefel for towers; Yalkut Shimoni Zechariah 568; [for variant reading lect., see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim to Bava Bathra the passage cited, note 40; commentary or commentaries take קפ"ל as numerals = 210). ↗ original

קְפֵלָא , see קְפֵילָא ↗ original

קִפְלָאוֹת , see כִּפְלָיוֹת ↗ original

קַפְלוֹט (κεφάλωτον, supply (understood word) πράσον) leek with a head (porrum capitatum), porret. Tosefta Pesachim 2 (3), 20 they left a corner (פֵּאָה) only ללפת ולק׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) ולקפליטאות) of turnips and porret; Pesachim 56ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᶜ top; and frequently—plural קַפְלוֹטוֹת, קַפְלוֹטָאוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 2, 41ᶜ bottom of the page ראשי ק׳ heads of leeks. ʿUktsin 1, 2 (not קפלטית). Nedarim 6, 9 (53ᵃ) קפלטות Mishnah (Yerushalmi (prefix) a. Babylonian edition קפלו׳). Tosefta Pesachim the passage cited קפליטאות (correct accordingly). Maʿǎser Sheni 2, 1; and frequently—Avodah Zarah 38ᵇ, see קוּבְטָאוֹת. ↗ original

קַפְלוֹטָא Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᶜ top; and elsewhere—plural קַפְלוֹטַיָּא, קַפְלוֹטִין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 11, 5 Bxt. (edition כרתיה; Hebrew text חציר).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth the passage cited Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 22ᵈ; and elsewhere ↗ original

קִפְלוּרְיָא , see קִפְלַרְיָא ↗ original

קַפְלָטוֹת , see קַפְלוֹט ↗ original

קַפְלָטִין (capillitium = capillatura) false hair, wig (or head-dress). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 7, 31ᵇ bottom of the page היוצאה בק׳ שלה וכ׳ if a woman goes out with her wig (or head-dress), she is not to be considered as one that goes out with her head uncovered (as disregarding the Jewish customs of decency). ↗ original

קפלטית , see קַפְלוֹט ↗ original

קִפְלָיוֹת , see קוּפְלָיוֹת ↗ original

קִפְלַרְיָא Ḳiflaria, Ḳifluria, name of a summit of Mount Amanus, probably Mons Casius in North Syria (see Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 8). Tosefta Terumoth 2, 12 (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) קיפלו׳); Tosefta Challah 2, 11 (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) קפלו׳); Gittin 8ᵃ קפלו׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᵈ ↗ original

קָפַּנְדַּרְיָא (compendiaria, supply (understood word) via) a short cut, path. Berachoth 9, 5 (54ᵃ) לא יעשנו ק׳ one must not use the Temple mount for a short cut. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 2ᵇ bottom of the page ההוא דאזיל ליה בקפונדרא one that walks (from the top of Mount Carmel to the Ocean) by the short cut, opposite איסרטא. Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 62ᵇ (phonetic etymol.) דמקׄׄׄ אדׄׄ וכ׳, see דָּרָא I; Megillah 29ᵃ. Tanchuma K’doshim 8 וקרב לפני המלך בקופנדר (manuscript Michael O. קומפנדר) approached the king on a side road (instead of being duly announced); and frequently ↗ original

קָפַס , dial. for קָפַץ which see ↗ original

קַפְסָא , see קוּפְסָא ↗ original

קָפַץ (Biblical Hebrew) to contract, shrink; to close. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22, 20 היה השרביט קוֹפֵץ the scepter grew smaller and smaller; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 687. Bereshith Rabbah section 39 קוֹפֶצֶת באחת מאגפיה וכ׳ contracts herself with (flaps) one wing etc., see יוֹנָה 2. Sanhedrin 95ᵃ שלשה קָפְצָה להם הארץ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הדרך) for three persons did the earth (the road) shrink (they were suddenly transferred to a distant place); Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 107. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵇ קפצה לה א"י Palestine has shrunk; and frequently—ק׳ פה (or supply (understood word) פה) to close the mouth, to indicate one’s will by mimic motions. Gittin 5, 7 קוֹפֵץ ונִקְפָּץ a deaf and dumb person may transact business by motions with closed lips and by being spoken to in the same way.—participle passive קָפוּץ; feminine קְפוּצָה etc. Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 14 כשאדם … ידין הן קְפוּצוֹת וכ׳ when man enters the world, his hands are clenched, as if saying, the whole world is mine etc., opposite פשוטות straight, open. to leap (with joined feet), jump; to be excited. Midrash Tehillim the passage cited אותה קפיצה שקָפַצְתָּ על אבותי בים כן תִּקְפּוֹץ עלי היום ותפלטני edition Buber edition (edition אותה הקפצה שהִקְפַּצְתָּ על אבותינו כן וכ׳) with the same leap with which thou didst leap like a hart in aid of my ancestors at the sea, leap now to my aid and save me; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms the passage cited Midrash Tehillim the passage cited 1 קוֹפֵץ כאיל edition Buber edition, see Pi'el Oholoth 8, 5 הקופץ ממקום וכ׳ he that jumps from one place to another, contradistinguished to הדולג (see קִיפּוּץ). Sukkah 49ᵇ שמא תאמר כל הבא לִקְפּוֹץ קוֹפֵץ lest you say, whosoever comes to jump may jump (whosoever wishes to do good succeeds in doing real good), we read etc. (Psalms 36, 8). Shabbath 152ᵃ זקנה קופצת עליו old age will spring upon him (will overtake him prematurely). Taanith 5ᵇ זקנה קפצה עליו he grew old before his time. the same place (ibid.) מיד קפצה וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition אמר הקב"ה אקפוץ, read אַקְפִּיץ). Sifra Sh’mini, Milluim קפצה פורענות על וכ׳ punishment overtook Nadab etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 10, beginning 33ᵈ קפצה עליהן ירושת תורה the legal succession according to Biblical law was sprung upon them (they have the precedence); the same place (ibid.) 4, 28ᵈ bottom of the page קָפְסָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 4, 46ᵈ top כדי … קוֹפְצִין וכ׳ in order that all may be anxious to marry her. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᶜ top איני קופץ אלא למה וכ׳ I will jump only at (betake myself to) what my grandfather told me, who said to me קְפוֹץ … לשלשה דברים וכ׳ betake thyself to three things, and thou shalt be safe, they are: prayer etc. Berachoth 39ᵃ ק׳ וברך וכ׳ he hastened and said the benediction etc. Yevamoth 32ᵇ ק׳ ר׳ חייא וכ׳ R. Ḥ. jumped up (got excited) and swore etc. Tosefta Kethuboth 2, 3 היאך ק׳ זה לכהונה how did this man jump into priesthood (by what right does he enjoy the privileges of a priest)? Bamidbar Rabbah section 15 ולא יִקְפּוֹץ להשיב and must not be rash to reply; and frequently to skip. Niddah 11ᵃ קפצה וראתה וכ׳ if she skipped (one period) and menstruated, skipped etc. (did so three times).— (denominative of קוּפִּיץ) to chop meat. Tosefta Betzah 3, 5 קיפץ בכלי (variant reading חותך) he cuts with some implement. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיפֵּץ same, same, to leap; to skip. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵃ bottom of the page והיו … מְקַפְּצִין וכ׳ and the ministering angels leaped before them like wedding guests rejoicing etc. Pesikta Rabbati section 15 (referring to Song of Songs 2, 8) מדלג … ומְקַפֵּץ על החשבונות וכ׳ leaping over the destined terms of redemption, and skipping over the calculations of years and epochs (hastening the redemption), see עִיבּוּר. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22, 1 מְקַפֵּץ כאיל edition Buber edition (other edition קופץ); the same place (ibid.) קופץ edition Buber edition (other edition מקפץ) leaps like a hart; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 685 קומץ (correct accordingly); and frequently to cause to leap. Tanchuma Sh’mini 11 הקב"ה מקפץ להם את הזקנה God springs old age upon them (to make them look venerable). Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְפִּיץ as as Pi'el 2. Taanith 5ᵇ אמר הקב"ה אַקְפִּיץ וכ׳ (not אקפוץ, see above) the Lord said, I shall cause old age to spring upon them prematurely. Bereshith Rabbah section 56 וה׳ את בנו עמו and made his son leap with him (saved himself and his son; see, however, אגינו). to leap. Midrash Tehillim the passage cited, see above. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְפָּץ to be spoken to by mimic motions. Gittin 5, 7, see above. ↗ original

קְפַץ to contract, close etc. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 15, 7. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 28, 10.—Chullin 91ᵇ קָפְצָה ליה ארעא the earth shrank under him (see the preceding). to leap, be anxious for. Niddah 8ᵇ מידי דקָפִיץ עליה זבונא something at which the purchaser jumps (i.e. a quality which makes the object more desirable). ↗ original

קֶפֶץ , see קֶבֶץ.—plural קְפָצִין, see קָפִיץ. ↗ original

קְפָצָה , see קְפִיצָה ↗ original

קַפְצָה (an adapt. of capsa, as if from קָפַץ) chest, box. Kelim 16, 7 edition Dehr. (edition קופסא). Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 2, beginning 49ᵈ ק׳ של זכוכית a glass box.—plural קַפְצָיוֹת. the same place (ibid.) ↗ original

קַפָּר Haḳḳappar surname of R. Eliezer. Avoth 4, 21. Berachoth 63ᵃ.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ בן הק׳, see next word ↗ original

קַפָּרָא (the preceding) Bar Ḳappara (son of Eliezer Haḳḳappar), a disciple of R. Judah the Nasi (see Friedman M’bo, p. 71ᵃ). Yevamoth 32ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, beginning 81ᶜ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ top of the page Moed Katan 16ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 3, end, 48ᶜ משנתו של בר ק׳ the Mishnah (Boraitha) of Bar Ḳ.; Echah Rabbah, introduction (R. Joshua 2); and very frequently ↗ original

קַפְרָאוֹת , see קוּפְרָיוֹת ↗ original

קַפְרִיסִין , see next word ↗ original

קַפְרָס (κάππαρις, capparis) caper-bush, especially the flowers of the caper-bush. Maasroth 4, 6, see צְלָף; Berachoth 36ᵃ קַפְרִיסִין. the same place (ibid.) 36ᵇ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) האי ק׳ ליתא וכ׳ the flower is no longer in existence, when the fruit is developed.—plural קַפְרִיסִין. the same place (ibid.) 36ᵃ, see above; and frequently—Kerithoth 6ᵃ יין ק׳ caper wine (as an ingredient of frankincense; other opinion in Rashi: Cyprus wine); Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᵈ.—Avodah Zarah 38ᵇ הק׳ … שלהן caper flowers (or fruits) preserved by gentiles; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4 (5), 11 קופרצין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קפריסין); (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 41ᵈ פנקריסין). ↗ original

קָפַשׂ (compare קָפַץ) to bend in the hand, clench, grab. Challah 2, 5 מעשה וקְפָשָׂהּ וכ׳ it happened that an old man … grabbed (and ate) it. ↗ original

קֶפֶשׂ (the preceding) plait, gathering stitch, a kind of border. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᵈ הסולם והק׳ אין וכ׳ the borders formed by chain stitches or by plaiting are no hindrance (for the rending of the garment in mourning), see סוּלָּם. ↗ original

קפת , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, 48ᵈ bottom of the page מקפתו, read: מקפחו, see קָפַח ↗ original

קָץ (קצץ) Decreer of Falsehood, legendary name of one of the Sodomitic judges. Bereshith Rabbah section 50; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 84, see קַוְשֶׁקֶר. ↗ original

קַץ , see קְצַץ ↗ original

קֵץ end, term, designated time, especially the time of redemption. Bereshith Rabbah section 44 (referring to Isaiah 41, 5) זה שרוי בקִיצּוֹ של עולם וכ׳ this one (Abraham) dwelt in one extreme part of the world, and that one (Shem) in the other etc. Nedarim 41ᵃ כיון שהגיע קיצו וכ׳ when a man’s time (to die) has come. Megillah 3ᵃ משום דאית ביה קץ משיח because therein (in the Hagiographa) are contained intimations about the Messianic term (the Book of Daniel). Sanhedrin 92ᵇ שמנו לקץ וטעו who ventured calculations as to the time of the redemption from Egypt, and made a mistake; Shemoth Rabbah section 20 יצאו … שלם הקץ they left Egypt before the predestined term had expired; and frequently—plural קִצִּים, קִצִּין, קִי׳. Avodah Zarah 61ᵇ ממונה הבא לק׳ a superintendent that comes at regular times. Sanhedrin 97ᵇ מחשבי ק׳, see חָשַׁב. the same place (ibid.) כלו כל הק׳ ואין וכ׳ all the dates of redemption (calculated from the Scriptures) have passed, and the thing depends only on repentance. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 8; Vayikra Rabbah section 19, see עִיבּוּר. Pesikta Rabbati section 15, see קִפַץ; and frequently—[קיצין, Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 11, see קִיץ.] ↗ original

קֵץ ² Targum Onkelos Genesis 6, 13. Targum Ezekiel 7, 6. Targum Jeremiah 8, 20 edition Lagarde edition (edition קִבָּא); and frequently—Echah Rabbah to 2, 2; to 4, 18 קרב קצנו ק׳ דההיא ביתא ‘our end has come near’, the end of that house (the Temple); Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵃ קִיצֵּיה דההוא וכ׳; and elsewhere—plural קִצַּיָּא, קִי׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 49, 1. Targum Job 7, 12, see גְּרַף. ↗ original

קָצָא , see קָצַע ↗ original

קְצָא , see קְצֵי ↗ original

קָצַב (Biblical Hebrew) to cut, decide, determine, limit, bound. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 4, 51ᵇ top ק׳ להיסב וכ׳ if he had determined to recline for a meal, but did not do so. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 78ᵃ bottom of the page חוגג וקוצב, read: וקוֹצֵר.]—participle passive קָצוּב; feminine קְצוּבָה; plural קְצוּבִים, קְצוּבִין; קְצוּבוֹת. Tosefta Terumoth 1, 10 דבר הק׳ מן התורה a thing (duty) the scope of which is clearly defined in the Torah, see קִצְבָה. Gittin 50ᵇ לפי שאין ק׳ because they (the alimonies of a widow and of orphaned daughters) are not definite (vary according to social position). Betzah 16ᵃ top כל … ק׳ וכ׳ the means of support are definitely assigned to man from the beginning of the year, except the expenses for the Sabbaths … and for education etc. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 2 (referring to קצובות, the same place (ibid.)) מלין ק׳ definitely regulated things (laws); the same place (ibid.) 4 (some edition קְצִי׳). Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 5, beginning 8ᵈ הלכות ק׳ decided (settled) questions of law; (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 31ᵃ הלכה פסוקה); and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיצֵּב to carve, chop (meat). Betzah 1, 5 לקַצֵּב עליו בשר to carve meat on it. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 11 אם קי׳ על העלי if he used the pestle to carve meat on it. Yerushalmi (prefix) Makkoth 2, beginning 31ᶜ טבח שהוא מְקַצֵּב וכ׳ a butcher that chops meat and kills a man (by a slip of the hatchet etc.); and elsewhere ↗ original

קַצָּב (the preceding) butcher. Eduy. 8, 2, and frequently זכריה בן הק׳.—plural קַצָּבִים. Betzah 25ᵃ והוא הדין לק׳ but it applies also to the butchers (that they must not sell meat before flaying and dissecting). ↗ original

קַצָּבָא —plural קַצָּבַיָּא. Betzah 25ᵇ, see נְטִיעָה. ↗ original

קִצְבָה (קָצַב) decision, definition, limit, definite scope. Gittin 52ᵃ דבר שיש לו ק׳ a thing (religious duty) for which there is a definite time and limit see קָצַב. Pesachim 6, 5 אם אמרת … שיש להן ק׳ וכ׳ you cannot draw an analogy between congregational offerings (on the Sabbath), which are definite, and the Passover sacrifice, which is indefinite; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 33ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) 33ᶜ bottom of the page [read:] מאי אית לך דבר שאין לו ק׳ what do you mean by saying, a thing which is undefined? שלא נתנה התורה ק׳ וכ׳ the Law does not define how many Passover sacrifices supersede the Sabbath each year (whereas the number of the daily sacrifices is definite). Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 5, 9ᶜ top כנותן קי׳ וכ׳, see מִדָּה. Bava Kamma 113ᵃ, see מוֹכֵס Hebrew Bava Metzia 9, 5 מה ק׳ (ב) כרי what standard is ‘a pile of grain’? i.e. this cannot be made a standard alike for large and small fields. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 2, 46ᵈ top שקִצְבָתָן מן התורה (edition Krot. שקִצְוָו׳) which are defined in the Biblical law (as to numbers and times); and frequently ↗ original

קַצְדּוֹר , see קוּסְדּוֹר ↗ original

קָצָה , see קצי ↗ original

קצה , Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 9ᵃ בר ק׳, see קצְרָה I ↗ original

קִצְוָוה , see קִצְבָה ↗ original

קְצָווֹת , see קְצָת ↗ original

קִצּוּעַ , see קִיצּוּעַ ↗ original

קָצוֹעַ , plural קָצוֹעוֹת (קָצַע) those who cut down trees for war purposes, sappers. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, 38ᵃ ראה ק׳ המלך וכ׳ (not קצי׳) if he saw the king’s sappers come (to raze plantations). ↗ original

קְצוּפָה (קָצַף) visitation by divine anger, death; בית ק׳ house of mourning. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 5 (referring to הקצפתם, Deuteronomy 9, 8) עשיתם … לבית אבלה בית ק׳ you caused the Lord, as it were, to be a mourner for you; there are places where they call the house of mourning beth ḳ’tsufah (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3706 under the word קצף).—5. קִצְפָּא. ↗ original

קְצוּצָא (קְצַץ; compare גַּוָּוזָא 2) castrate, eunuch. — plural קְצוּצֵי. Berachoth 16ᵇ bottom of the page ואע"ג דקיימי ק׳ עילויה דרבי although ennuchs (constables) were at Rabbi’s disposal. ↗ original

קְצוּצָה , plural קְצוּצוֹת (קָצַץ; see Exodus 39, 3) cut metal, strip, wire. Kelim 11, 3 (edition Dehr. קְצוֹצֶת); Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 1, 1. cut fruits, see קְצִיצָה. ↗ original

קְצוּצִים , see קְצִיצִים ↗ original

קְצוֹצֶת , see קְצוּצָה ↗ original

קְצוּצְתָּא (see the preceding words) timber, cut board, plank. Bava Kamma 67ᵃ דמעיקרא ק׳ וכ׳ Manuscript Rome (edition קְצִיצְתָּא; Manuscript Hamburg קְצַצְ׳) before (it was made a trough) it was called plank, and now tsinnora.—plural קְצוּצְיָיתָה, קְצוּצְיָיתָא. the same place (ibid.) 96ᵃ stolen beams עבדינהו קצ׳ (Manuscript Rome קְצוּצָתָא; Manuscript Hamburg קְצַצְיָיתָא) which he cut into planks. (compound or composed כְּשׁוֹרָא) slice.—plural קְצוּצְוָתָא. Bereshith Rabbah section 79 הוה מקצץ … ושדי קְצוּצְוָתֵיה וכ׳ (‘Rashi’, קְצִיצָתֵיה; Matt. K. קְצוּצָתֵיה) he cut a lupine and threw its slices about etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 133 והוה קצרן … קִיצּוּצְוָתֵיה (correct accordingly) ↗ original

קְצוֹרָא = קְצִירָא; קְצוֹר ערסא sick in bed. Targum Job 29, 15. ↗ original

קצותא , see קִיצוּתָא ↗ original

קֶצַח (Biblical Hebrew) black cumin. ʿUktsin 3, 6. Berachoth 40ᵃ הרגיל בק׳ וכ׳ he that is in the habit of using black cumin will never have pain in the heart (stomach). the same place (ibid.) ק׳ אחד מששים וכ׳ black cumin is one of sixty poisonous drugs. ↗ original

קִצְחָא Targum Isaiah 28, 25. ↗ original

קַצְטְרָא , see קַצְרָא 3 ↗ original

קצי (Biblical Hebrew) to scrape. Sifra M’tsorʿa, Nega'im, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4, Parah 7 חולץ וקוֹצֶה וטח he must tear out (the leprous stone) and scrape (the wall) and plaster, see קָצַע. (of figs) to cut, dry, and store; to harvest. Maasroth 2, 7 השוכר … לִקְצוֹת עמו וכ׳ if a man hires a laborer to help him in the fig harvest. the same place (ibid.) 3, 1 המעביר … לקצות if a person brings figs over to his court to prepare them for storage. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 50ᵃ bottom of the page להיות … וקוֹצִין אחת that they eat nine portions and store one; and frequently—5. מוּקְצֶה. to separate, set aside. Niddah 10, 7 (71ᵇ) קוֹצָה לה חלה she may separate the priest’s share of the dough; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 8, 12ᵃ; and elsewhere to carry off, reduce, level a hill. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 11 the fool says, מי יכול לקצות את זה who can level this (mound)?; הריני קוֹצֶה וכ׳ I will carry off two loads to-day …, until I have levelled the entire mound; Vayikra Rabbah section 19 לקצות … קוצץ; (Yalkut Shimoni Song of Songs 989 לפנות … קודח). Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּקְצָה to be cut off, separated. Tosefta Bava Bathra 3, 5 החורשין המוּקְצִין בפני עצמן the forests (near a township) which are isolated (a plantation detached from the town); Bava Bathra 68ᵇ המוקצין לה which are separate but opening into it; corrected המוקצין ממנה separated from it; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 14ᶜ bottom of the page החורשים המוקצין ממנה (not הטרשים; corrupted quoted under the word טֶרֶשׁ).—Esp. to be set aside, be designated for a special purpose and forbidden for any other use (see מוּקְצֶה). Shabbath 45ᵃ הואיל וה׳ למצותו ה׳ לאיסורו as the oil was set aside for its religious purpose (for the Sabbath light), it was at the same time set aside as an object prohibited to be used otherwise (during the Sabbath day). the same place (ibid.) ולית ליה ה׳ למצותו and does he (R. Simon) not adopt the opinion that an object set aside for a religious act is forbidden for any other use (for the time being)?; and elsewhere—participle מוּקְצֶה which see ↗ original

קְצֵי , to cut, break into pieces. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 2, 6 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition רסיק).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵃ bottom of the page כד הוה קָצֵי הוה טעים וכ׳ whenever he broke bread, he tasted (carrying a piece to his mouth) with his left hand, and distributed with the right hand. the same place (ibid.) 8, 12ᵃ bottom of the page [read:] יהב ליה עגולה דיִקְצֵי he handed him a loaf to break it. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, end, 8ᵈ [read:] קְצִינָן פלגא וכ׳ we broke off one half and gave it to him; and elsewhere—Bava Metzia 108ᵃ מאן קַצְיֵיה, see קוּץ 3 Chaldaic (Aramaic) Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְצֵי to set aside, make unavailable for any other purpose. Sukkah 37ᵇ כי אַקְצְיֵיה מריחא אקצייה when he designated it (the myrtle branch) for religious use, he made it unavailable for smelling; מאכילה אקצייה made it unavailable for eating. Betzah 31ᵇ אַקְצִינְהִי, see שְׂרַג or שְׁרַג I. to place in a corner.—participle passive feminine מַקְצְיָא. Yoma 17ᵃ האי לשכה אַקְצוּיֵי מקציא וכ׳ that cell was situated in an angle (south-west corner); to him that came from the north it appeared to be in the south etc. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְצָאִי to be set aside, be made unavailable. Shabbath 43ᵃ מיגו דא׳ לבין השמשות א׳ וכ׳ since it was forbidden to handle it at twilight (when the Sabbath entered), it became so for the entire day; Sukkah 46ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) למצותה א׳ it was designated only for the religious ceremony (and forbidden for any other use until the ceremony has been performed); לכוליה יומא א׳ it is unavailable for the entire day (even after the ceremony has been performed); and elsewhere ↗ original

קָצַיָּא (the preceding) cut pieces, planks. Shemoth Rabbah section 6, end; Tanchuma Vaëra 2, see הֲנָיָיה Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

קַצְיָא Ḳatsia, name of a legendary king residing behind the Dark Mountains (see חשֶׁךְ). Bereshith Rabbah section 33; Vayikra Rabbah section 27; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 2, 8ᶜ bottom of the page; Tanchuma Emor 6; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 727. ↗ original

קְצִיבִין , Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 4 some edition, and elsewhere = קְצוּבִין, see קָצַב ↗ original

קציון , Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 5, end, 63ᵇ, see קְרַצְיוֹן ↗ original

קַצְיָיא , see קַצְיָא ↗ original

קָצַיָּיא , see קָצַיָּא ↗ original

קַצְיָין (see קְצֵי) pieces of bread. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 2, 6 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition ריסוקין). ↗ original

קָצִין [one who decides, arbitrates,] magistrate, leader, prominent man. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 1, 43ᵈ top הגע … של ק׳ וכ׳ suppose he was the bondman of an influential man, then his emancipation would be a disadvantage to him. Echah Rabbah to 2, 1 בשביל … של ק׳ וכ׳ since thou livest in that leader’s house, why dost thou not correct them (the inmates)? ↗ original

קְצִיעָא (participle passive of קְצַע) cut.—plural קְצִיעֵי. Shemoth Rabbah section 41 (in Hebr. dict.) ק׳ צואריא you whose throats deserve to be cut. ↗ original

קְצִיעָה 1 (קָצַע) cutting and packing figs, fig-harvest. Maasroth 2, 7; and elsewhere plural קְצִיעוֹת figs packed or to be packed. Terumoth 4, 10 בדורס ליטרא ק׳ וכ׳ if one has packed a litra of figs (of T’rumah) on top of a barrel and knows not of which; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 11; Betzah 3ᵇ; Zevachim 73ᵃ. Taanith 28ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4 (3), 7 לעשות ק׳ הללו שתי וכ׳ to make of these figs two balls; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 68ᵇ bottom of the page; and elsewhere—[Maasroth 3, 4; Bava Metzia 21ᵇ, see קְצִיצָה.] [store, capsule,] a compartment of the T’fillin. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 4, 1 משיתיר … בין ק׳ וכ׳ when he detaches one compartment from the other on three sides; [El. Vilna edition emends: קְצִיצָה which see]—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, 38ᵃ קציעות, see קָצוֹעַ.] ↗ original

קְצִיעָה 2 (Biblical Hebrew) cassia, an aromatic bark, an ingredient of frankincense. Kerithoth 6ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᵃ; and elsewhere proper noun of a female person Keziah, one of Job’s daughters. Bava Bathra 16ᵇ ק׳ … כקציעה she was named K., because her savor spread like that of cassia. ↗ original

קְצִיעֲתָא , cassia. Targum Job 42, 14. Targum Exodus 30, 24 (Hebrew text קִדָּה).—plural קְצִיעָתָא. Targum Psalms 45, 9 manuscript (edition singular). ↗ original

קְצִיפָה (קָצַף) anger. Echah Rabbah to 5, 20 ק׳ הושב ע"י וכ׳ the prediction of God’s anger was contradicted by Isaiah (Isaiah 57, 16). the same place (ibid.) 22; the same place (ibid.) to 1, 2, see מְאִיסָה; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vattom., p. 130ᵇ קצפין (read: קִצָפוֹן). Esther Rabbah to 1, 18 כדי … לק׳ הזאת this shame is enough to cause such anger. ↗ original

קְצִיצָא (קְצַץ) cut, figure; (compare French taille) waist. Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 (3) כולהון … בני ק׳ חדא all of them of the same height …, of the same figure. ↗ original

קְצִיצָה (קָצַץ) cutting, felling. Bava Kamma 91ᵇ אילן העומד לק׳ (Manuscript Florence לִיקָּצֵץ) a tree which must be cut. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Z’ʿera) שבו זמן ק׳ יפה וכ׳ on it (the 15^ᵗʰ of Ab) begins the good season for cutting trees for fuel, see מַאֲכוֹלֶת. Bechoroth 34ᵇ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) איכוין … בהאי ק׳ וכ׳ he intended to make himself appear clean by cutting off (the leprous spot), and the rabbis punished him for this very cut (so that he could never be declared clean from this cut-off leprous spot); and elsewhere stipulation (of price etc.), bargain. Shevuoth 45ᵇ ק׳ ודאי וכ׳ stipulations of prices one surely remembers, see קִיצוּתָא. plural קְצִיצוֹת cut fruits. Maasroth 3, 4 מצא ק׳ בדרך ואפי׳ בצד שדה ק׳ (Munich manuscript קציעות) if one finds cut fruit (single berries) on the road or even beside a field where cut fruit has been spread to dry; Bava Metzia 21ᵇ variant reading (edition קציעות). (see קְצִיצָה a. next word) the capsule of the T’fillin containing Biblical sections. Berachoth 24ᵃ. Sukkah 26ᵇ top of the page Kelim 18, 8 התיר ק׳ וכ׳ if he opened the first of the four compartments of the T’fillin and repaired it; and elsewhere—plural קְצִיצִין, see next word separation, severance of connection, see קְצָצָה. ↗ original

קְצִיצִים (קָצַץ, compare מוּקְצֶה) [stores,] capsules, pods. Tosefta Shevi'ith 2, 6 אם עשה ק׳ גמורין וכ׳ (variant reading קְצוּצִים) if the plant has produced ripe capsules (or pods) before the New Year; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 34ᵃ קְצָצִין. capsules containing Scriptural portions, T’fillin, (see the preceding 4). Gittin 57ᵇ and the following ארבעים סאה קְצִיצֵי תפלין וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קְצוּצֵי; Rashi to Sukkah 26ᵇ קיצוצי) forty S’ahs of capsules of T’fillin were found on the heads of those slain at Bethar; Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 קצוצי; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵃ top קצוצי. ↗ original

קְצִיצְתָּא , see קְצוּצְתָּא ↗ original

קְצֵיר־ , see קָצֵר ↗ original

קָצִיר cutting, harvest, ripening season. Rosh Hashanah 9ᵃ ק׳ של שביעית וכ׳ a ripening in the Sabbatical year which goes over into the eighth year, i.e. plants which were partly ripe in the Sabbatical year are subject to the laws of the Sabbatical year. the same place (ibid.) קְצִיר העומר the cutting of the ʿOmer (see עוֹמֶר); and frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 18 (referring to Isaiah 17, 11) קְצִירָן של מלכיות (קְצִירִין) the cutting down (destruction threatened) by the government; ק׳ של יסורין by sufferings; קְצִירוֹ של מלאך וכ׳ the cutting down by the angel of death, see נִדְנֵד; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 287.—plural קְצִירִין, see above. ↗ original

קְצִירָא (קְצַר) [cut, afflicted,] sick. Bava Bathra 16ᵇ, see דְּלֵי. Shabbath 12ᵇ לשיולי בק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בתפיחה) to inquire after the health of (to visit) a sick person.—plural קְצִירֵי. Rosh Hashanah 16ᵃ; Nedarim 49ᵇ, see מְרִיעַ. Gittin 56ᵃ, see נְקַט; and elsewhere—[קציריא, Targum Isaiah 7, 3 edition Vilna edition, see קַצָּר.]—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ קציריא דגליל, see קַצְרָא 3.] ↗ original

קְצִירָה = קָצִיר cutting, harvesting. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, beginning 15ᵃ קְצִירַת שבולת וכ׳ the cutting of the first ear has the same effect (on the duty of leaving a corner) as the striking off of the pile has (on the duty of giving T’rumah). Shabbath 70ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original

קָצַע to scrape. Nega'im 12, 6 שניהן … קוֹצְעִין both neighbors must bear the expense for tearing out (the leprous stone) and for scraping (the wall); Sifra M’tsorʿa, Nega'im, Parah 6, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4; and elsewhere to cut, dry, and pack figs (see קְצִיעָה). Taanith 28ᵃ קוֹצְעֵי קציעית those pretending to be engaged in packing figs; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4 (3), 7 (variant reading קוֹצְאֵי); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 68ᵇ bottom of the page to trim, see below. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיצֵּעַ to cut the ends, trim. Kelim 27, 4 המְקַצֵּע מכולם וכ׳ if in trimming any of them he cuts off a piece one handbreadth square. Zevachim 94ᵃ עוצבא … לקַצְּעָהּ … עד שיְקַצְּעֶנָּה a fur intended to be trimmed (see עיּצְבָּא) remains unsusceptible of uncleanness until it has been trimmed; Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 4, 10. Bava Kamma 66ᵇ כגון שקִיצְּעָן (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) שקצען) when he trimmed the stolen furs. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 11, 8 אם היה גדול וקִיצְּעוֹ (not וקיצעו) if the cloth was large and he shortened it by trimming; the same place (ibid.) 9. the same place (ibid.) 2 עד שיְקַצֵּעַ (or שיִקְצַע) until he cuts off (the defective portion). Chullin 123ᵇ במקצע ובא לו וכ׳ when he trimmed (the skin) going all around; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְצַע Pa'el קַצֵּעַ same, to trim, cut. Zevachim 94ᵃ דחשיב עלה לקַצְּעָהּ when he had planned to trim it. the same place (ibid.) עד דמְקַצַּע לה, see the preceding ↗ original

קָצַף (Biblical Hebrew) [to be rough, excited,] to be angry. Esther Rabbah to 1, 18, see קִצָּפוֹן. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 38 אנו … ואתה קוֹצֵף we sin, and thou art angry. Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1053 קָצְפוּ ואמרו וכ׳ they grew excited and said etc.; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְצִיף to arouse to anger, excite, incite. Megillah 13ᵇ (referring to Genesis 40, 2 a. Esther 2, 21) ה׳ הקב"ה אדון על עבדיו וכ׳ the Lord incited a master against his servants, in order to satisfy the desire of a righteous man …, servants against their master, in order to perform wonders for a righteous man; Bereshith Rabbah section 88; Esther Rabbah to 2, 21; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 146 מַקְצִיף; and elsewhere ↗ original

קצף , Targum Lamentations 2, 3 edition Vienna edition, see קְצַץ ↗ original

קֶצֶף preceding article) anger. Bamidbar Rabbah section 1, end שלא יהא ק׳ עליהן that the divine anger be not on them. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 38; and frequently—Esp. Ḳetsef name of an angel of destruction. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 17, 11, and the following—Shabbath 55ᵃ (referring to Ezekiel 9, 2) ‘six men’, they are ק׳ אף וחימה וכ׳ Ḳ. (Wrath), Af (Anger) etc. Shemoth Rabbah section 41; and frequently—2) destruction, harm. Devarim Rabbah section 11 איך … לעשות לו ק׳ how can I do harm to him (Moses)?; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 940. ↗ original

קִצְפָּא , divine anger, visitation, (mourning over a) death. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 106 אית … לאבלא ק׳ there are places where they call mourning ḳitspa; see קְצוּפָח. ↗ original

קִצָּפוֹן (the preceding words) anger. Vayikra Rabbah section 32 (referring to ויקצף, Deuteronomy 1, 34) להם הוא ק׳ ולי מה אני ק׳ וכ׳ to them it appears as anger, but to myself what does anger mean? ‘I swore by my anger’ (Psalms 95, 11), I swear by my anger and reconsider; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 657. Esther Rabbah to 1, 18 כדאי הוא הבזיון … לק׳ שקצף וכ׳ the disrespect with which her (Vashti’s) father treated the vessels of the Temple is enough to deserve the wrath which he (Ahasverus) vented on her and put her to death. the same place (ibid.) כדי הק׳ לבזיון זה the anger (of Ahasverus) corresponds to this contempt (shown by Vashti), see קְצִיפָה. the same place (ibid.) to 2, 21 מה ק׳ היה שם what cause was there for discontent? Sifra Sh’mini, Parah 1, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2 (referring to Leviticus 10, 16) אף אהרן היה בק׳ Aaron, too, was included in the anger (of Moses). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vattom., p. 130ᵇ אין ק׳ הוא (not קצפין), see קְצִיפָה. ↗ original

קצפין , see the preceding ↗ original

קָצַץ (Biblical Hebrew) to cut, fell. Shevi'ith 4, 10 מותר לקוֹצְצוֹ it is permitted to cut the tree down (in the Sabbatical year). the same place (ibid.) כמה … ולא יְקוֹצֶּנּוּ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition יקצונו, correct accordingly; Babylonian edition יְקוֹצְצוֹ; Munich manuscript יִקְצְצֶנּוּ) how much must an olive tree bear so that one dare not cut it down (because it is an act of wilful destruction, Deuteronomy 20, 19–20); Bava Kamma 91ᵇ יקצצנו Manuscript Florence a. R. (later edition יִקְצְצוֹ; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 10). the same place (ibid.) נטיעותי קָצַצְתָּ thou hast cut down my young trees; אתה אמרת לי לקוֹצְצָן (not לקוצצו, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 7) thou hast told me to cut them. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵇ bottom of the page לָקוֹץ … יָקוֹץ, see נָתַק. the same place (ibid.) הקוצץ בקורות he that cuts trunks for beams. Vayikra Rabbah section 23, see below.—Sifré Deuteronomy 212 (explained ועשתה, Deuteronomy 21, 12) תָּקוֹץ let her cut (her nails). Makkoth 22ᵃ הקוצץ את בהרתו he that cuts off a white spot (suspicious of leprosy, see קְצִיצָה); Nega'im 7, 5 קְצָצָהּ מתכוין if he cut it intentionally. Tosefta Shabbath 11 (12), 3; and frequently—Bereshith Rabbah section 85 (referring to Daniel 5, 1 a. 6, 1) והיכן הוא … קוצץ לקוצץ where is Evil Merodach?… (He is left out) in order to join a wicked man to a wicked man, a destroyer to a destroyer. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 2, 4ᵃ top קוצץ בן קוצץ a destroyer son of a destroyer (wicked by heredity); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana S’liḥ. p. 167ᵇ אין בישראל קו׳ בן קו׳ there is no hereditary wickedness in Israel. Shemoth Rabbah section 1 וקוץ … שק׳ עצת וכ׳ Koz (I Chronicles 4, 8) is Caleb, for he destroyed the counsel of the spies; and frequently—2) (compare קָצַב, גָּזַר) to stipulate, agree upon. Shevuoth 45ᵇ אפי׳ ק׳ נמי let it be the same even if a stipulation has been made (and the amount is in litigation). the same place (ibid.) אומן … קָצַצְתָּ … לא קָצַצְתִּי וכ׳ if the mechanic says, thou hast stipulated to pay me two (Zuz), and he (the employer) says, I have stipulated one only; and elsewhere—participle passive קָצוּץ; feminine קְצוּצָה. Bava Metzia 61ᵇ רבית ק׳ stipulated, direct usury, opposite אבק רבית, see אָבָק. the same place (ibid.) 62ᵇ; and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְצָץ to be cut. Nega'im the passage cited מי … ונִקְצָצָה if one had a white spot, and it was cut off (accidentally). Niddah 2, 1 תִּקָּצֵץ let the hand be cut off. Bava Kamma 91ᵇ, see קְצִיצָה; and frequently to be cut off, excluded. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 60ᶜ, and elsewhere, see קְצָצָה. to be stipulated, definitely assigned. Vayikra Rabbah section 30, beginning מראש השנה נִקְצָצִין וכ׳ from the beginning of the year the means of support are definitely assigned to men, except etc., see קָצַב. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִיצֵּץ to scrape, cut off; to fell. Pesachim 56ᵃ ק׳ דלתות וכ׳ (2 Kings 18, 16) he took the gold off the Temple doors. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 8, 12ᵃ bottom of the page אפי׳ מְקַצֵּץ וכ׳ even when cutting lupines. the same place (ibid.) 2, 5ᶜ top היה מקצץ כל וכ׳ he cut down all he had planted. Pesikta Rabbati section 31 ומְקַצְּצִים, see רָצַץ. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 2 לקַצְּצוֹ; Vayikra Rabbah section 23 לָקוֹצּוֹ, see קַצָּץ.—Esp. ק׳ בנט עות [to cut down the shoots in the garden of religion,] to be hostile to religion, corrupt the youths; to be a heretic. Chagigah 14ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 77ᵇ top, see נְטִיעָה. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 4 כיצד ק׳ בנ׳ in what way did he manifest his hostility to religion? Bereshith Rabbah section 19 לא תעשה … וִיקַצֵּץ וכ׳ make not the fence (around the religious laws) more important than the essentials, lest it fall down and ruin the shoots. to stipulate. Shevi'ith 4, 1 ואין … שיְקַצֵּץ להם מזונות (Rabbenu Shimshon שיִקְצוֹץ) it is unnecessary to say, that he must not stipulate to give them their food (for their work). Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֵקֵיץ to cut off, deduct. Sifré Numbers 8 ומֵקֵיץ מכתובתה he may deduct (his outlay for her) from her jointure. ↗ original

קְצַץ to cut etc. Targum Judges 6, 30. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 19, 5; and frequently—participle passive קָצִיץ; feminine קְצִיצָא; plural קְצִיצִין; קְצִיצָן. Targum Judges 6, 28. Targum I Samuel 5, 4; and elsewhere—Sanhedrin 58ᵇ רב הונא קץ ידא Rab Huna ordered the hand (of one in the habit of striking his neighbors) to be cut off; Niddah 13ᵇ. Bava Kamma 91ᵇ דקץ תאינתא וכ׳ he cut fig-trees down before their time; and frequently to stipulate. Bava Metzia 67ᵃ לא קץ ליה he had not stipulated a fixed amount of interest; and elsewhere Pa'el פִּעֵל קַצֵּיץ (קָצֵיץ) to cut; to mutilate. Targum Psalms 107, 16. Targum Lamentations 2, 3 (edition Lagarde edition קיצץ, edition Vienna edition קצף, correct accordingly). Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 7, 5 תְּקָצְצוּן edition Berlin edition (other edition תְּקוֹצְצוּן; Yerushalmi (prefix) תְּקַצְּצוּן); and elsewhere—Bava Kamma the passage cited דיקלא … לִמְקַצְּצָה it is forbidden to fell a date-tree as long as it bears a Kab of dates. Bereshith Rabbah section 6 (of the agony of death) כמא נפשיה … מְקַצְּצָא ארזין ומקצצא וכ׳ how the soul of this man’s (my) brother is cutting cedars and cutting trees, and you sit laughing and know it not; and elsewhere—[Vayikra Rabbah section 5 שעריה מקצץ, see קְוַץ.] ↗ original

קַצָּץ (the preceding) wood-cutter (compare קָצוֹעַ).—plural קַצָּצִים. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 2 הביא ק׳ לְקַצְּצוֹ he brought on cutters to raze the plantation; Vayikra Rabbah section 23. ↗ original

קְצָצָה (the preceding words) timber. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 12 ק׳ של ארזין cedar planks; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 84ᵃ ק׳ של ארז; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 225 קְצָצִים (only).—plural קְצָצוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 8, 32ᵇ bottom of the page אילנות וק׳ וכ׳ if heirs seize trees or timber, old or young, it is taken away from them. cutting off, severing family connections; ḳ’tsatsah, a ceremony attending the sale of an heirloom to an outsider, and the marriage of a man beneath his social rank. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 60ᶜ הזרו להיות קונים בק׳ then again the custom arose to take possession of an estate by ḳ’tsatsah (instead of taking off the shoe); מהו בק׳ … נקצץ פלוני מאחוזתו what is ḳ.? When a man sold his paternal estate, his relatives brought casks filled with parched ears and nuts, and broke them in the presence of children: the latter picked them up, and they said, this man has been cut off etc.; and when he bought it back, they did the same and called out, this man has returned to his heirloom etc.; Ruth Rabbah to 4, 7; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2, 26ᵈ bottom of the page קְצִיצָה; the same place (ibid.) שאכלנו בקְצִיצַת פלוני adults are admitted to testify, ‘we (as children) ate (grain and nuts) at that man’s ḳ.’; Babylonian Kethuboth 28ᵇ בקצצה של וכ׳ at the ḳ. when that man’s daughter was married; וזו היא הק׳ וכ׳ and this is the ḳ. to which a child can testify (when grown up); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 3. ↗ original

קְצָצִים (the preceding) cut plants, timber, etc. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 225, see the preceding Tosefta Bava Kamma 3, 2 if a man cut his neighbor’s plants, the latter has no right to say, טול את הק׳ וכ׳ take thou the cut plants and restore to me the plants, but we assess the value etc. capsules, pods, see קְצִיצִים. ↗ original

קְצָצִין , capsules, pods. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵃ קְצָצוֹי, see חֲרוּבָא I. ↗ original

קְצַצְתָּא 1 timber.—plural קְצַצְיָיתָא, see קְצוּצְתָּא. ↗ original

קְצַצְתָּא 2 proper noun of a male person, see קַצְרָא 2 ↗ original

קָצַר (Biblical Hebrew) to cut, reap. Shabbath 7, 2 (among the labors forbidden on the Sabbath) הקוֹצֵר cutting plants. the same place (ibid.) 73ᵇ משום קוצר as an act coming under the category of reaping. Pesachim 4, 8 קוֹצְרִין וגודשין וכ׳ they reaped (the barley) and piled it before the ʿOmer was offered. Peah 2, 7 שדה שקְצָרוּהָ וכ׳ a field which gentiles reaped (for themselves) or which robbers reaped. the same place (ibid.) 8 נותן … שק׳ he must give up the poor man’s share from what he reaped. the same place (ibid.) 3, 6 כדי לִקְצוֹר ולשנות large enough for cutting (swinging the sickle) once and a second time; and frequently to be short, see קָצֵר. (with נפש) to be impatient, vexed; to be sick of. Bereshith Rabbah section 52 אבל היא לא קָצְרָה נפשה וכ׳ but she was not vexed (did not suffer from unsatisfied desire) etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 5, 30ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Judges 70. Tanchuma Chukkath 19 קצרה נפשם בדרך they were sick of marching. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִצֵּר to shorten, be brief in doing. Berachoth 1, 4 מקום … לקַצֵּר וכ׳ where they prescribed a lengthy benediction, one is not permitted to shorten, where they prescribed a short formula etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 6, beginning 43ᵇ שלא יהא … קַצֵּר (ב)דבריך not that one of the contestants be permitted to speak as long as he needs, and the other be told, make thy speech brief; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 3, 21ᶜ top of the page Berachoth 34ᵃ היה מְקַצֵּר וכ׳ gave a very brief prayer. Mechilta Beshallach, Vayassʿa, section 1 ק׳ (ב)ברכותיו gave short benedictions (prayers); לא ק׳ … ממשה he was not briefer than Moses (in his prayer, Numbers 12, 13). the same place (ibid.) יש שעה לְקַצֵּר וכ׳ there is a time to be brief etc.; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַצֵּר, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַצֵּר to be shortened. Vayikra Rabbah section 21 היו … מִתְקַצְּרוֹת their years (of life) were shortened. (with נפש) to be impatient, sick. Tanchuma the passage cited נִתְקַצְּרָה נפש העם בדרך (not נתקצר), see above. ↗ original

קְצַר to be short. Targum Psalms 102, 24 קְצָרוּן manuscript (edition איתקצרון). to shorten, see below., see below. (see קְצִירָא) to be sick. Bava Kamma 91ᵃ למימד גברא כמה מיקצר … לא מִקְצַר וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition כמה לִיקְצַר) as to estimating how long a person is likely to suffer from such a wound and how long he will not, i.e. as to estimating positively the time needed for recovery, I have no doubt that we can do it. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַצֵּר to shorten. Targum Psalms 89, 46 manuscript (edition קְ׳, Pe.). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיתְקַצַּר to be shortened, reduced. Targum 2 Kings 19, 26; Targum Isaiah 37, 27. the same place (ibid.) 28, 20. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 28, 10; and elsewhere ↗ original

קָצֵר (Biblical Hebrew) short. Avoth 2, 15 היום ק׳ וכ׳ the day (of life) is short, and the work large. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 7, 35ᵇ bottom of the page ילך לו בק׳ let him take the shortest road to it; and frequently—Fem. קְצָרָה. Mechilta Beshallach, Vayassʿa, section 1 תפילת הצדיקים ק׳ the prayer of the pious is short. Berachoth 1, 4 אחת … ואחת ק׳ one lengthy and one short benediction. the same place (ibid.) 4, 2 היה … תפלה ק׳ used to say a short prayer on entering and on leaving the school-house. the same place (ibid.) 4. Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 2, 46ᵈ top בא לו … בק׳ if he came by the shortest road; and frequently—Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 53 ע"י שהיתה ידו ק׳ במצות because his hand was short (he was wanting) in good deeds; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 769; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 135 נפשו ק׳; and frequently—plural קְצָרִים; קְצָרוֹת. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 2 ארוכות וק׳, see אָרוּךְ. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 68, ולא היו קִצְרֵי יד בו they were not short-handed with it, i.e. they did not have to economize. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 119, 81 אתה ארך אפים ואנו קְצֵירֵי רוח thou art long-suffering, but we are hasty of spirit; and elsewhere—5. קְצָרָה. ↗ original

קַצָּר (the preceding words) [one who causes shrinking,] fuller, washer. Targum Joshua 15, 7, and elsewhere עין ק׳ (Hebrew text עֵין רֹגֵל) the washer’s well.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 7ᵈ top (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 28ᵃ כובס); and frequently—Bava Kamma 119ᵇ ק׳ שמיה וק׳ שקיל ליה a fuller is named ḳatsra (a shortener), let the ḳatsra take it (the dark border of a white cloth belongs to the fuller).—plural קַצְרַיָּא, קַצְרֵי. Targum I Samuel 13, 21. Targum Isaiah 7, 3 (edition Vilna edition קציר׳, correct accordingly).—Sanhedrin 92ᵃ, and elsewhere, see אוּבְלָא 2. Taanith 29ᵇ בטלי ק׳ דבי רב the fullers of the house of Rab are idle (during the week preceding the ninth of Ab); and elsewhere ↗ original

קַצְרָא 2 (the preceding) proper noun of a male person Ḳatsra (Fuller). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵃ; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 11.—Esther Rabbah to 1, 13 ר׳ יוסי בר ק׳ (some edition קַצְרַת); Bereshith Rabbah section 72 בן קוצרי; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 4 בר קסרין; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 9ᵃ ר׳ יוסי ובר קצה (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 10, 17ᶜ ר׳ יסא קוצירא. Shabbath 151ᵇ bottom of the page ר׳ יוסי בן קְצַרְתָּה (Munich manuscript קצרתא). Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 26 ר׳ יצחק בר קצרתה; Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 56ᵇ בר קצצתה. ↗ original

קַצְרָא 3 = קַסְטְרָא, fort, camp. Arachin 9, 6, see צִיפּוֹרֵי; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 16, end, 15ᵈ (not קיצרה). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 8, beginning 51ᵃ קַצְרָן של גוים היה שם (some edition קַצְרִין, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 60) a camp of gentiles (Romans) was there, [commentary or commentaries a fuller, see קַצָּר). Bamidbar Rabbah section 18 (referring to הקם על, 2 Samuel 23, 1 [read:] שהקים עולה של תורה בעולה של קצרה he (David) restored the yoke (rulership) of the Law through the yoke of the camp (used his military power to restore the government of the Law; Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 29 קיים … בעילה של מלכות).—plural קַצְרִים, קַצְרִין; Chaldaic (Aramaic) קַצְרַיָּא (with singular meaning). Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 5, 22ᵇ bottom of the page את רואה … והק׳ … לאיצטדין ובית מעון … לק׳ consider the ruins (near Tiberias, see אִיצְטַדִּין) as if they were inhabited buildings, and the fort is within seventy odd cubits near the ruins, and Beth Maon is within seventy odd cubits near the fort (by which calculation Beth Maon and Tiberias may be considered one township, see עָבַר Pi'el 4). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim the passage cited, see above. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ ק׳ דגליל (not קציריא) the Fort of Gelil (see Hildesh. Sachs, Beitrage Geogr. p. 17, and the following); Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 11 קַצְטְרָא (variant reading קצטרי); Sifré Deuteronomy 51 קצרא דגלילא; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 874 ק׳ רגליא (correct accordingly).—Transferred קַצְרִים wax-cells in the honeycomb. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 2 מה דבש יש בו ק׳ וכ׳ as there are wax-cells (unenjoyable parts) in the honey, so you might think the same was the case with the Law. ↗ original

קְצָרָה fem. of קָצֵר. short board, the board at the head and at the foot of the bed, opposite אֲרוּכָה. Kelim 18, 5; and elsewhere רוח ק׳, see next word ↗ original

קַצְרוּת (the preceding) רוח ק׳ asthma, or incubus [or nervous prostration,] believed to be caused by a demon, Ben N’filim. Bechoroth 7, 5 (44ᵇ) רוח קצרית באה עליו Mishnah (Babylonian edition קצרה) a person subject to asthmatic spells (is unfit for priesthood). the same place (ibid.) 44ᵇ רוח קצרות, see נָאלָא 2 a. נָפִיל. ↗ original

קַצְרִים , see קַצְרָה 2 ↗ original

קַצְרָן (קָצַר) one who gives short prayers, opposite אַרְכָן. Berachoth 34ᵃ; Mechilta B’shall, Vayassʿa, section 1. ↗ original

קצרן , Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 133 והוה ק׳, read: מְקַצֵּץ, see קְצוּצְתָּא ↗ original

קְצִרְקְטוֹן , see קְסִרְקִיטוֹן ↗ original

קַצְרַת , see קַצְרָא 2; [probably proper noun of a female person Fuller Woman]. ↗ original

קְצָת end.—plural קְצָווֹת; construct state קִצְווֹת. Tanchuma Vayesheb 2 לק׳ המדבר to the ends of the desert.—5. מִקְצָת. ↗ original

קְצַת participle Targum Onkelos Numbers 22, 41. Targum Job 4, 12. Targum Genesis 47, 2 edition Bon. (other edition מקצת); and elsewhere extreme end. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers the passage cited ↗ original

קָקָא = Hebrew קָאָת, pelican. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 11, 18; Deuteronomy 14, 17.—Targum Psalms 102, 7 קקתא edition Lagarde edition (other edition קאתא).—[Berachoth 20ᵃ, and elsewhere קָקֵי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see קָאקָא.] ↗ original

*קַקָּא (נקק, compare נָקִיק) = קוֹעָא, throat, neck. Taanith 24ᵃ שדו ליה … בקַקּיה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition רמו … בצואריה) they put a cloth into his throat (or around his neck, to torture him). ↗ original

קקבטון , see אַקּוּבִּיטוֹן ↗ original

קָקוֹ , see פְּדִיפְטֵי ↗ original

קַקְוַאי name of an unclean bird. Chullin 63ᵃ (Manuscript Rome 3 קקנאי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 10). ↗ original

קַקְוָאתָא , see קוּקְיָיאתָא ↗ original

קָקוּזִית , see next word ↗ original

קָקוּזְתָּא (?) Ḳaḳuzta. Shabbath 156ᵃ דימי בר ק׳ (Oxford manuscript קָקוּזִית; early edition קָקוּזִיתָא; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 20). ↗ original

קָקוּלָא , plural קָקוּלֵי, קָקוּלִין (= קלקול׳; קלל) a sort of cress used by the poor (cardamum or nasturtium, Löw, Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 349). Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 3, 20ᵈ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵃ top, explained פעפועין.—Pesachim 114ᵃ (proverb) דאכיל אליתא טשי בעליתא דאכיל קקולי אקיקלי וכ׳ (Munich manuscript קילקולא אקילקולי) he that eats fat-tail will have to hide himself (before his creditors) in the loft, who eats cress may rest quietly by the dunghill of the town. ↗ original

קקונאי , see קוּרְקוּנְיָא ↗ original

קקיס , Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 4, see באמי ↗ original

קִקְלָא , see קִיקְלָא, קִיקֶלְתָּא. ↗ original

קָקְתָא , see קָקָא ↗ original

קַר to be cold, see קָרַר 2, קְרַר 2.—[Eruvin 10, 14, and elsewhere באר (בור) הקר, see הָקֵר.] ↗ original

קָרָא 1 (קְרַר 2) pumpkin, gourd. Sukkah 56ᵇ; Kethuboth 83ᵇ, and elsewhere טב מק׳, see בּוּצִין. Yoma 78ᵃ מצטנן בק׳ cooled his hands with a pumpkin. Kerithoth 6ᵃ; Horayoth 12ᵃ; and frequently—plural קָרֵי, קָרַיָּא. Megillah 12ᵃ, see בּוּצִין; Sotah 10ᵃ קָארֵי. Nedarim 51ᵃ Rashi (edition קרא, correct accordingly). Bava Metzia 64ᵃ ק׳ בני זרתא pumpkins of the size of a fist. Bava Bathra 88ᵃ קארי. Shabbath 129ᵇ מאה ק׳, see קַרְנָא I; and elsewhere—קָרַיָּיא וְקָרָוָותָא large and small gourds, all kinds of gourds. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 7, beginning 40ᵇ (not וכרובתא); Yerushalmi (prefix) Orlah 3, 63ᵇ top קירייא וקרותוא (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קָרָא 2 to call, see קרי. ↗ original

קְרָא 1 see קְרֵי ↗ original

קְרָא 2 (the preceding) = Hebrew מִקְרָא, Biblical verse. Targum Esther 6, 1.—Berachoth 2ᵃ אק׳ קאי, see קָאֵי. the same place (ibid.) 27ᵃ אמר ק׳ וכ׳ the text reads babboḳer etc. the same place (ibid.) 29ᵇ מאי קראה where is the Biblical passage to prove it? Sanhedrin 45ᵇ; 71ᵃ, and elsewhere בעינן ק׳ וכ׳, see כְּתַב I. Kerithoth 11ᵇ bottom of the page ק׳ בעי do we need a Bible verse for it?; and very frequently—Berachoth 30ᵇ פוק קרא קְרָאָיךְ לברא go out, read thy verse in the street, i.e. thy authority is not recognized at college; Kethuboth 56ᵃ; Yevamoth 40ᵃ קַרְיָיךְ, see קַרְיָיא.—plural קְרָאֵי. Moed Katan 3ᵇ והני … ק׳ נינהו are these traditional rulings? are they not intimated in the Biblical text? Pesachim 4ᵇ תרי ק׳ כתיבי there are two verses (seemingly contradictory); and very frequently ↗ original

קַרָא (the preceding) a Biblical scholar, Bible teacher. Kiddushin 49ᵃ אבל אמר לה ק׳ אנא וכ׳ but if he said to her, (thou art betrothed unto me under the condition that) I am a Biblical scholar, she is not betrothed unless he can read the Pentateuch, Prophets and Hagiographa correctly (understandingly), contradistinguished to קַרְיָנָא. Berachoth 30ᵇ, and elsewhere ר׳ חנינא ק׳ R. Ḥanina, the Bible teacher.—plural (Hebrew form) קַרָאִים; (Chaldaic (Aramaic)) קַרָאֵי. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shubah, p. 165ᵇ ק׳ טובים וכ׳ good Bible teachers, good preachers, like Levi etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Hosea 533. Avodah Zarah 40ᵃ מתלתא ק׳ שמיע לי (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קיראי) I have it from three authorities (as reliable as the Scriptures, Rashi).—5. קַרָיָיא.—[Megillah 24ᵇ in Mishnah דרך הקראים, a censorial change for המינות, as in Mishnah edition 4, 8, a. Munich manuscript, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)—In later literature קראים Karaites, a Jewish sect recognizing the Bible as sole authority.] ↗ original

קְרָאָה , see קְרָא 2 ↗ original

קְרָאוֹי , see קַרָיָיא ↗ original

קראות , Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 74ᵈ, see קְרוּיוֹת ↗ original

קראטוסם , see קְרָטִיסִין ↗ original

קְרָאִי , see אֶקְרָאִי. Rosh Hashanah 29ᵇ דק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ↗ original

קָרֵב (Biblical Hebrew) to join, come near, be near; to be offered as קָרְבָּן. Zevachim 8, 2 יִקְרַב לשם מי שהוא let it be offered in behalf of him to whom it may belong. the same place (ibid.) 5 אם ק׳ … יִקְרְבוּ וכ׳ if one of the heads has been offered, let all of them be offered. the same place (ibid.) 67ᵇ; Ḳinnim 3, 3 חטאת קְרֵיבָה למעלה וכ׳ the sin-offering may have been offered on top and the burnt-offering beneath it. Menachoth 6, 1 הקומץ ק׳ … קְרֵבִים לעצמן the handful (of the priests’ meal-offering) is offered separately and the remainder separately; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, 19ᵇ top קְרֵיבִין. Sifré Numbers 29 קבע זמן לקריבים … למקריבים a time is fixed for the things to be offered (Leviticus 22, 27), and a time for those who offer (Numbers 6, 10); and frequently to come before court; to sue, complain. Bereshith Rabbah section 96 (referring to ויקרבו, Genesis 47, 29) כאדם … ק׳ על וכ׳ as one says, that man has brought suit against his neighbor, see קָבַל 2; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 156 קבל (correct accordingly). Pi'el פִּעֵל קֵירֵב same, same, to come near. Shemoth Rabbah section 20, beginning לא קי׳ אצל וכ׳ he had not come near Sarah.—Esp. to approach; to pray, intercede, mediate, conciliate. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 8ᵇ top זה שעובר … בא וקָרֵב עשה קרבנינו וכ׳ we do not say to him who is to pass before the ark (see תֵּיבָה), ‘come and pray’, but, ‘come, draw near’, (which means) ‘do our offerings’, ‘satisfy our needs’ etc. to bring near; to befriend, attract, invite. Bava Kamma 24ᵃ ק׳ נגיחותיו if the ox did his gorings in near intervals (of less than three days). Eduy. 8, 7 אין אליהו … לרחק ולְקָרֵב … המְקוֹרָבִין בזרוע וכ׳ Elijah shall come not to decide between clean and unclean, nor to expel (declare genealogically degraded) and to receive (reinstate), but to expel those who have been received by force, and to reinstate those who have been expelled by force. the same place (ibid.) משפחת … וקֵרְבָהּ בן וכ׳ there was a family … which Ben-Zion expelled by force, and another which they received by force (Babylonian edition וקֵרְבוּהָ בני וב׳; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 40); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 4; Kiddushin 71ᵃ. Eduy. the passage cited לא לרחק ולא לקרב וכ׳ neither to expel nor to reinstate, but to make peace etc. Shabbath 31ᵃ קֵירְבָנוּ תחת וכ׳, see עִנְוְתָנוּת. the same place (ibid.) שקֵרַבְתַּנִי וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition שהקרבתני) thou hast brought us near etc. Tanchuma Tsav 8 (referring to Psalms 65, 5) אשרי מי שבחרו … קֵרְבוֹ blessed he whom the Lord has chosen, although he did not bring him near; Bamidbar Rabbah section 3 הקריבו. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ את עצמו he brought himself near (to God, through his own deeds); the same place (ibid.) יתרו קרבו הקב"ה the Lord brought Jethro near (caused him to be converted); Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 379; and frequently—Sifré Numbers 94 (explained לזרא, Numbers 11, 20, compare זָר) שתהיו מרחיקים … מְקָרְבִים אותו you will keep it at a distance (loathe it) more than you have been inviting (wishing for) it; Vayikra Rabbah section 48.—participle passive מְקוֹרָב; plural מְקוֹרָבִין, see above. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְרִיב to bring near, receive. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 23ᵃ top מַקְרִיבִין לכנפים, see כָּנָף. Bamidbar Rabbah the passage cited; Shabbath the passage cited, see above; and frequently to offer, sacrifice. Menachoth 13, 10 יַקְרִיבֶנָּה במקדש he must offer it in the Temple (of Jerusalem), ואם הִקְרִיבָהּ וכ׳ but if he offered it in the Temple of Ḥonyo (in Egypt). Zevachim 67ᵇ ותַקְרִיבֶנָּה למעלה and let her offer it on top, (see above Kal); Kinn. 3, 6 ויַקְרִיבֶנָּה וכ׳ Mishnah (Babylonian edition ויקרבנה, correct accordingly) and he (the priest) must offer it etc. Berachoth 6ᵇ כאילו ה׳ תודה as if he had offered a thank-offering. the same place (ibid.) 17ᵃ as long as the Temple stood אדם חוטא ומַקְרִיב וכ׳ a man sinned and brought a sacrifice; ואין מקריבין וכ׳ yet only its fat and its blood were offered; כאילו הִקְרַבְתִּיו לפניך וכ׳ as if I had offered it (my fat and blood) on the altar before thee; and very frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְרַב to be offered. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᶜ top ונִקְרְבוּ מהן וכ׳ and from their contributions was taken the wood for sacrifices; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 4, beginning 47ᵈ וקרבו). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקָרֵב, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקָרֵב to be brought near, be received. Bamidbar Rabbah section 3 יש נבחר ונדחה ונ׳ וכ׳ some are chosen and repelled (disgraced) and received again etc. Sifra Tsav, Milluïm ידע משה שנ׳ אהרן Moses learned that Aaron was received again (in grace); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 515; and frequently to be offered, sacrificed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith the passage cited שלא יהא קרבן מִתְקָרֵב וכ׳ that none but their contributions should be offered first. Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 31 אותו האיל … ובא להִתְקָרֵב וכ׳ that ram … ran and came to offer himself as a sacrifice in place of Isaac etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 101; and elsewhere to claim relationship. Devarim Rabbah section 2 אם קרובו עני … פלוני מתקרב לי if a man’s relative is poor, he makes himself the main person and him subordinate, saying, this man claims relationship to me; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵇ (in mutilated text) ההן פלן מתקרב לן. ↗ original

קְרֵב to be near, come near, touch. Targum Numbers 27, 1. Targum Exodus 36, 2. Targum I Kings 2, 1; and frequently—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Zakhor, p. 24ᵇ קריב לגביה, see בָּלַם 2. Eduy. 8, 4 דיִקְרַב במיתא he who touches a corpse; and elsewhere to intercede, protect. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 1, 22ᵃ בני קרתי קוֹרְבִין לי (not קרתיה) fellow-citizens, protect me!; בני דודי קורבין לי (not דידי) children of my friend (the Lord), protect you me!; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᶜ top בני דילי וכ׳ (correct accordingly). to complain, sue. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 9, beginning 16ᵈ אתון בנוי קַרְבוּן וכ׳ his sons came and complained before R. E. the same place (ibid.) אתת וקְרֵיבָה וכ׳ she came and complained etc. to bring near; to offer, see below. Pa'el פִּעֵל קָרֵיב, קָרֵב to bring near; to offer. Targum Genesis 48, 9, and the following the same place (ibid.) 13 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Vienna edition קְריב; Hebrew text ויַּגֵּשׁ). Targum Isaiah 58, 3 (Hebrew text תִּנְגּשׁוֹּ!). Targum Onkelos Leviticus 1, 2 יְקָרֵיב (Yerushalmi (prefix) יִקְרַב). the same place (ibid.) 3 (Yerushalmi (prefix) יַקְרִיב Af'el). the same place (ibid.) 14 (Yerushalmi (prefix) also יַקְרִיב); and frequently—Gittin 56ᵃ סבור רבנן לקָרוּבֵיה the rabbis were of the opinion that it should be offered. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵈ top הוה … אתי למִיקָרְבָה וכ׳ (or למִיקְרְבָה) when a man came to offer, to the idol, an ox etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 29ᵇ מְקָרְבָא לגיחזי to bring Gehazi near (befriend him again). Bamidbar Rabbah section 3 אלהכון מאן הוא בעי מְקָרֵיב does your God bring near him (grace) whomever he chooses to? Bava Bathra 168ᵃ אפי׳ צורבא … לְקָרוּבֵיה even in the case of a young scholar whom it may be supposed his intended father-in-law likes to bring into his family; and frequently—participle pass. מְקָרַב; feminine מְקָרְבָא, מְקָרְבָה; plural מְקָרְבִין; מְקָרְבָן near, friendly. Shabbath 104ᵃ מ"ט שקר ק׳ מיליה אמת וכ׳ why are the letters of שקר (falsehood) near together (in the order of the alphabet), and those of אמת (truth) far apart? Sanhedrin 29ᵃ מק׳ דעתיה he is friendly, see רְחַק.—3) to intercede, lead in prayer. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 19 חזיוה לחזנא דקָרֵיב וכ׳ they noticed that the officer of the synagogue led in prayer and said etc. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְרֵיב to bring near; to offer. Targum Malachi 2, 12; and frequently—Gittin the passage cited אי מַקְרְבִין ליה (or מְקָרְבִין Pa'el), see קָרְבַּן. Chagigah 8ᵇ האי דלא אַקְרְבִינְהוּ וכ׳ the reason why they did not offer them was etc.; and frequently—Yevamoth 39ᵇ איקרבת ית וכ׳ (read: אַקְרִיבַת) she brought before us (the court) such and such a person etc. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְקָרֵיב, Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְרִיב, אִיקְּרִיב to approach, come near. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 20, 3; O. the same place (ibid.) edition Berlin edition (other edition קריבין). the same place (ibid.) 25, 9; and frequently—Kethuboth 56ᵃ משום אִיקָּרוּבֵי דעתא הוא והא אִיקָּרְבָא דעתא (when a man promises his bride an additional jointure,) it is in order that an attachment be formed; well, now, the attachment has been formed (and we have a right to assume that he wanted his bride to get that addition, even if he should die before the wedding). to claim relationship, see the preceding ↗ original

קֶרֶב the preceding) inside, intestine.—Dual קְרָבַיִם, קְרָבַיִים; construct state קִרְבֵּי, קִירְ׳. Bamidbar Rabbah section 7 (referring to Numbers 14, 11 בקרבו) אטר אעשה עמו … בקרבו כמה … עשיתי בקִרְבֵּיהֶן וכ׳ it does not read, ‘which I do with them’, but ‘which I do within them’:… how many signs and wonders have I done in their intestines (that the manna was entirely resorbed in their bowels) etc. (with referring to קֶרֶב Leviticus 8, 21). Tamid 4, 2. Chullin 16ᵇ קירבי דגים entrails of fish. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 4ᵈ ק׳ דגים כל זמן וכ׳ the fat of fish entrails (used as oil) has no bad odor as long as it burns. Bava Metzia 60ᵇ, see נָפַח; and frequently—Nedarim 54ᵇ ק׳ לאו בשר וכ׳ entrails are no meat and he who eats them is no man; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7, beginning 40ᵇ קרבייא (Chaldaic (Aramaic) form). Berachoth 10ᵃ; and frequently innermost; בְּקֶרֶב within. Pesikta Rabbati section 13 בְּקִרְבַּנוּ, see רָחַשׁ; and elsewhere ↗ original

קָרֵב ² masculine, see קָרֵיב ↗ original

קְרָב the preceding words) hostile contact, attack, war. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 8, 21ᶜ top רומי לק׳ the Roman (Latin) language is adapted for military affairs; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᵇ bottom of the page; Esther Rabbah to 1, 22. Shabbath 59ᵃ בשעה שבורח מן הק׳ וכ׳ when he flees from the battle, he puts it on etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְרָב ² Targum 2 Samuel 21, 15. Targum Psalms 27, 3. the same place (ibid.) 35, 1; and frequently—the same place (ibid.) קְרַבְתִּי, see קְרָבוּ.—Tosefta Sotah 13, 5, see נְגַח; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, 24ᵇ; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 33ᵃ. Vayikra Rabbah section 22 דעבד ק׳ עם וכ׳ who wages war with a king etc. Gittin 56ᵃ ניפוק … ק׳ בהדייהו let us go out and offer them (the Romans) battle; and frequently—plural קְרָבִין, קְרָבַיָּא. Targum Numbers 21, 14. Targum I Chronicles 28, 3; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְרֵבָה , plural קְרֵבוֹת or קְרָבוֹת, see קְרֵיבָה.—Vayikra Rabbah section 20 ועל הקרבה, read: ההַקְרָבָה. ↗ original

קְרָבוּ feminine = קְרָב. Targum Psalms 35, 1 קְרָבוּתִי manuscript (edition קְרֵבְתִּי, קְרַבְתִּי). ↗ original

קְרֵבוּת , see קְרֵיבוּת ↗ original

קרבות , Tosefta Avodah Zarah 4 (5), 9, read with edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) רקובות, see רוּקְבָּא 2 ↗ original

קְרָבוּתָא , see קְרָבוּ ↗ original

קַרְבִיטִין (formed like שַׁרְבִיט; קבט, compare חֶבֶט) thongs. Moed Katan 27ᵃ מתיר קַרְבִיטָיו וכ׳ (קוּרְבִיטָיו) you untie its thongs, and it (the couch) falls down of itself; Nedarim 56ᵇ; Sanhedrin 20ᵃ.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, 5ᵈ bottom of the page edition Lehm., see קְלִבִּינְטִירִין.] ↗ original

קִרְבַּיָּיא , see קֶרֶב ↗ original

קָרְבָּן gift, offering, sacrifice. Berachoth 15ᵃ מעלה … והקריב עליו ק׳ it is accredited to him, as if he had built an altar and offered a sacrifice on it; Sukkah 45ᵃ. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2, Parah 2 כל מקום שנאמר ק׳ אמור ביו"ד ה"א wherever in the Scriptures ‘sacrifice’ is used in connection with the divine name, the latter is written with Yod He (יהוה, never אלהים). Nedarim 1, 4 האומר ק׳ … שאני וכ׳ if one making a vow says, ḳorban … that I will (not) eat etc. the same place (ibid.) 2 כינויין לק׳ substitutes for ḳorban. the same place (ibid.) 2, 5 בק׳ וכ׳ (נדר) if a man in making a vow uses the word ḳorban, and then says, I vowed only by the gifts to kings; and frequently—plural קָרְבָּנוֹת. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ של מלכים. Zevachim 14, 10 קָרְבְּנוֹת הצבור congregational sacrifices, ק׳ היחיד sacrifices offered by individuals. Taanith 27ᵇ כבר תקנתי להם סדר ק׳ וכ׳ I have arranged the order of sacrifices for them (in the Torah), and when they read these sections, I will account it to them as if they offered them. Shemoth Rabbah section 30 בקש הקב"ה … ועבודת ק׳ וכ׳ the Lord wanted to give them (the generation of the flood) four things (to purify them), the Law, sufferings, the sacrificial service, and prayer, but they refused; and frequently ↗ original

קָרְבַּן Targum Hosea 12, 2. Targum Onkelos Genesis 4, 3 edition Berlin edition (other edition תקרבתא, see Berlin edition Massekheth, p. 73); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) the same place (ibid.) 4; and frequently—Chullin 8ᵃ דקיימין לק׳ are designated to be sent as gifts. Zevachim 116ᵇ the mother of king Shabur שדרה ק׳ וכ׳ sent a sacrifice to Raba, sending word, ‘offer it to the Lord.’ Gittin 56ᵃ שדר להו ק׳ וכ׳ send them a sacrifice and see whether they will offer it (in the Temple); and frequently—plural קָרְבָּנִין, קָרְבָּנַיָּא, קוּרְ׳. Targum Amos 5, 22. Targum Leviticus 7, 35; and frequently—Echah Rabbah to 4, 2 כל אילין ק׳ וכ׳ all those sacrifices which you send them, they eat themselves etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 91; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 5, end, 54ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original

קרבניטא , see קְבַרְנִיטָא ↗ original

קָרַד (compare גָּרַד), Pi'el קֵירֵד to scrape; to curry (with a small-toothed strigil), see קֵירוּד. Betzah 2, 8 מְקָרְדִין את וכ׳ you may curry an animal on the Holy Day. the same place (ibid.) אין מקרדין … אבל מקרצפין you must not curry … with small-toothed strigils …, but you may do so with large-toothed ones. Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 938 מְקָרְדוֹ והוא בולם (את) thou curriest him, and he kicks, see בָּלַם 2; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 4, end, 7ᵃ שיקרדם, see קִרְדֵּס.] ↗ original

קַרְדָּא (the preceding; compare Arab. ḳurd, ricinus) [scraping,] abdominal pain caused by a parasitic worm. Vayikra Rabbah section 18; Bamidbar Rabbah section 7 (referring to לזרא, Numbers 11, 20) [read:] לק׳ שאהיה נותן דורא במעיהן (some edition לקדרא) it will cause ḳurda, as I will put a parasite (dura) in their bowels; see דְּרַרְיָא. ↗ original

קַרְדּוּ 1 Ḳardu, Ḳardun, the district of Cordyene (corresponding to Biblical Hebrew אררט; see Schrader KAT², p. 53). Targum Onkelos Genesis 8, 4 (Yerushalmi (prefix) קרדון, some edition קַדְרוֹן). Targum 2 Kings 19, 37; Targum Isaiah 37, 38. Targum Jeremiah 51, 27. ↗ original

קַרְדּוּ 2 Ḳardu in Babylonia (compare Kardunias, Schrader KAT², p. 348; KGF, p. 534). Bava Bathra 91ᵃ עשר … ושבע בק׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בכַרְדּוּ) Abraham was ten years in prison, three in Cuthi and seven in Ḳardu; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 77 בקדרו; Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 26 קרדי.—Yevamoth 115ᵇ קוּרְטְבָא. ↗ original

קַרְדּוּט = כַּרְדּוּט, a tunic with sleeves.—plural קַרְדּוּטִין. Aboth dRabbi Nathan, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 6 edition Schechter (edition קרדמין, correct accordingly). ↗ original

קַרְדּוּיֵי , see next word ↗ original

קַרְדּוּיִים (קַרְדּוּ 1) Cordyenians. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 4, 65ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 1, 3ᵇ top מקבלין גרים מן הק׳ וכ׳ we may accept proselytes from the Cordyenians and the Tadmorites; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 16ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) קַרְדּוּיֵי (Chaldaic (Aramaic) form), contradist. from קרתויי, see קַרְתּוּיִים. ↗ original

קַרְדּוֹם cutting tool, spade, mattock, hatchet (with a pointed and a broad side). Avoth 4, 5 ולא ק׳ לחפור בהם make not the words of the Law a spade to dig with them (the means for selfish ends). Tosefta Moed Katan 1, 4 תוחב בשפוד ומכה בק׳ וכ׳ he sticks (into the ground where moles are suspected to hide) a spit, or strikes with a mattock and stamps the ground under him; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 80ᶜ; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 7ᵃ. Betzah 4, 3 ואין … בק׳ (when splitting wood for immediate use on the Holy Day) you must not use the hatchet, explained the same place (ibid.) 31ᵇ נקבות שלו the broad side of it. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ וקופיץ a tool combining axe and bill, see קוּפִּיץ; and frequently—Gittin 30ᵇ מלא ק׳ a ground having room for the mattock to work in, a common-sized field, opposite to מלא מחט a diminutive patch of ground.—plural קַרְדּוּמּוֹת. Tosefta Bava Metzia 2, 1, see מַחֲרזוֹת; and elsewhere ↗ original

קרדום Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 45 some edition, see קַרְטֵיס ↗ original

קַרְדּוּן , see קַרְדּוּ I ↗ original

קַרְדּוּנְיָא (see קַרְדּוּ I) Ḳardunia, Cordyene, a district lying to the east of the river Tigris, south of Armenia. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 8, 4 קרדנ׳ (name of a mountain).—Bereshith Rabbah section 33 (explained הרי אררט, Genesis the passage cited) טורי ק׳ the mountains of Ḳardunia.—Denom. feminine plural קוּרְדֵּנְיָיתָא, קוּרְדַּנְיָתָא. Pesachim 7ᵃ; 21ᵇ אפי׳ בחיטי ק׳ even with wheat of Cordyene (when it has become moistened, although it is very hard); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 27ᶜ bottom of the page אפי׳ חטים קוּרְטַבְנִיּוֹת במדבר וכ׳ (not אילו) even with Cordyenian wheat in the desert; for would they be worth anything during the Passover (to be considered an object of value for betrothal)? ↗ original

קרדונין , see קַדְרִינוֹן ↗ original

קרדוס , Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 45 some edition, see קַרְטֵיס ↗ original

קרדי , Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 26, see קרְדּוּ 2 ↗ original

קדריונטס ² , see קוּדְרַנְטֵס ↗ original

קַרְדִּימָא Bar Ḳardima. Koheleth Rabbah to 10, 8 שוק דבר ק׳ the market or open place of B. Ḳ. ↗ original

קרדם , see קִרְרֵּס ↗ original

קרדמין , Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 6, see קרְדּוּט ↗ original

קרדנון , see קַדְרִינוֹן ↗ original

קַרְדַּנְיָא , see קַרְדּוּנְיָא ↗ original

קרדנין , see קרדנון ↗ original

קִרְדֵּס (see קָרַד) to scrape. Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 3, 12 קִירְדְּסָן שפן וכ׳ (not קורדסן שהן) if he scraped or planed them and made vessels of them; the same place (ibid.) 7, 15 קִרְדְּסָן שהן (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 4, end, 7ᵃ עד שיְקַרְדֵּס (not דם …) until he scrapes (the stones). 5. קִרְטֵס. ↗ original

קָרָה , see קרי ↗ original

קָרֶה , construct state קְרֵה, see קַרְיָא I ↗ original

קִרְוָא = Hebrew קִרְיָה, town, village. Targum Hosea 11, 9. Targum Onkelos Exodus 20, 10.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᵈ top כל קירווא דהינן וכ׳ in every place that we came to, we found etc. the same place (ibid.) כל קִירְיָיא דהוון וכ׳ in every place that they came to etc.—plural קִרְוִין, קִרְוַיָּא, קִרְוו׳, קִי׳. Targum Numbers 13, 28. Targum Onkelos the same place (ibid.) 32, 33; 36 (Yerushalmi (prefix) קוֹרְיֵי, קוֹרְיָיהָא, see קִרְיָיא). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 20, 10; and frequently—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 31, 50 קִרְוַיָּא דדהבא (not קוּרַיָּא) golden forts (a female head-dress; compare עיר של זהב, see יְרוּשְׁלֵם). ↗ original

קִרְוָא ² = Hebrew קֵרוּיָה, pumpkin-shell, or pumpkin-shaped vessel for water, cooler. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 21, 14 (Hebrew text חֵמֶת). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I the same place (ibid.) 15 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 קַרְנַת, correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) 19 (some edition קרוות, correct accordingly). ↗ original

קֵרוּב , see קֵירוּב ↗ original

קָרוֹב 1 near; related, relative. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵃ top (referring to Deuteronomy 4, 7) ק׳ בכל מיני קריבות (God is) near in every way of nearness (at all times, in all places, in sympathy etc.). Sanhedrin 9ᵃ נמצא … ק׳ וכ׳ if it appears that one of the witnesses is a near relative (of the defendant) or disqualified. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ אדם ק׳ אצל עצמו ואין וכ׳ every man is considered a relation to himself, and none can incriminate himself. the same place (ibid.) 10ᵃ אדם ק׳ … ואינו ק׳ אצל ממונו a man cannot testify against himself, but he is not a relative to (disqualified to testify against) his property. the same place (ibid.) 3, 4 היה ק׳ ונתרחק if a person was a relation (by marriage, so as to be disqualified), and became a stranger again. Bava Metzia 39ᵃ שבוי … מורידין ק׳ וכ׳ if a person has been carried off captive, they (the court) appoint a relative to manage his estate. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ מחמת ק׳ an indirect relative (e.g. one’s step-brother’s step-brother); and very frequently—plural קְרוֹבִים, קְרוֹבִין. Gittin 14ᵇ ק׳ למלכות connected with royalty, influential. Sanhedrin 3, 4 ואלו הן הק׳ the following are considered relatives (disqualified to act as judges or witnesses); and frequently—Shabbath 152ᵃ ק׳ נעשו רחוקים near objects have become distant (my senses are dull from old age).—[Tanchuma Beshallach 18 ועברה קרובים; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 66ᵃ top שהגיע לקרובין, see קָרוּכִין.]—Fem. קְרוֹבָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth the passage cited ע"ז נראית ק׳ ואינה וכ׳ the idol is apparently near, but in fact distant. Esther Rabbah to 3, 1 Haman reflected in his heart אם אסתר … קְרוֹבָתִי if Esther is a Jewess, she is my relative. Megillah 14ᵇ חולדה קְרוֹבַת וכ׳ Huldah was a relative of Jeremiah’s; and frequently—plural קְרוֹבוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 18 נשא … מקְרוֹבוֹתָיו וכ׳ if a man marries one of his relatives, of him it is said ‘bone of my bones’ (Genesis 2, 23). Vayikra Rabbah section 18 רחוקות נעשו ק׳ ק׳ וכ׳ distant objects have become near (things that I could discern at a distance must be brought near me), near objects have become distant, see above; and frequently ↗ original

קָרוֹב 2 (קְרֵב Pa'el 3) leader in prayer, hymnologist, reader. Vayikra Rabbah section 30 קרוב ופייטן Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition, a. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Ul’ḳaḥ. p. 179ᵃ פייטן ודרשן) hymnologist and poet; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 6 קָרֵיבוֹי ופייטויי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᶜ bottom of the page [read:] ר׳ … הוה סמיך לק׳ וכ׳ R. Z. (in his prayer of the section Modim) kept pace with the reader in order to bow simultaneously with him at the beginning and at the end. Vayikra Rabbah section 19; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 11 ר׳ אלכסנדרי ק׳ R. A. the hymnologist.—[In liturgy קרובות (not קרובץ): the poetical insertions, on special occasions, in the Prayer of Benedictions.] ↗ original

קְרוֹבָה , see קָרוֹב I ↗ original

קֵרוּד , see קירוּד ↗ original

קִרְוָה , see קִרְוָא I, 2. ↗ original

קְרוּחַ = Hebrew קֵרֵחַ, bald. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 13, 40. white-spotted. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 30, 32 (Hebrew text טלוא); the same place (ibid.) 33 קִירוּחַ.—plural קְרוּחִין, קְרוּחיָּיא; feminine קְרוּחָתָא. the same place (ibid.) 35; 39 (Hebrew text נקדים); and elsewhere—the same place (ibid.) 31, 10 קִירְוָוחִין, קִירְוָחִ׳. ↗ original

קְרוּחַיִים Ḳ’ruḥayim, a Palestinian place producing the best wine. Menachoth 8, 6 (86ᵇ, some edition קרוחים, Mishnah edition קרותים, correct accordingly; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קַרְחַיִים; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 2). ↗ original

קֵרוּחְתָּא , see קַרְחוּתָא.—קְרוּחָתָא, see קְרוּחַ. ↗ original

קֵרוּי , see קֵירוּי ↗ original

קָרוֹי (קְרֵי 1) reading.—plural קָרוֹיֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 75ᵃ top שמע קלן ק׳ וכ׳ he heard them read (from the Torah) without benedictions. Biblical scholar, see קַרָיָיא. ↗ original

קֵרוּיָא 1 (see קֵירוּי I) scaffold for laying joists. Shemoth Rabbah section 13, beginning ↗ original

קֵרוּיָא 2 , see קֵרוּיָה ↗ original

קִרְוָיָא masculine of Ḳirva; proper noun of a male person Ḳirvaya. Shabbath 45ᵇ, see סִרְוָיָא.—Tosefta Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 5 אבא חילפא בן ק׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading חלקיה מן קרויה); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, beginning 54ᵈ אבא בר חילפיי בר קריי׳ (Levy, Neuh. Wört. quotes קירויא); Bava Bathra 123ᵃ אבא חליפא קרויא (Munich manuscript only אבא חלפתא; Manuscript Rome קִרְוָיָיה; Manuscript Hamburg קִירְוָיָה; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 90). ↗ original

קֵרוּיָה (see קָרָא I) pumpkin-shell used as a drawing vessel, cooler. Shabbath 17, 6 (125ᵃ) האבן שבקי׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition קֵירוּיָא; Munich manuscript קֵרוּיָיא) the stone which is put into a drawing vessel (to weight it); the same place (ibid.) 125ᵇ שבקרויה (Munich manuscript שבקריא, correct accordingly). Chullin 57ᵇ (Munich manuscript קרא); Kelim 3, 5; Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 3, 3, see חִידּוּק; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְרוּיוֹת (קָרָא 2) persons called up to read from the Scriptures. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᵃ bottom of the page שלשה ק׳ … לא וכ׳ the three persons called to read from the Torah must read no less than ten verses altogether; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 75ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 8, 11ᵇ top אילין ג׳ ק׳ מאי וכ׳ how do you consider those three readers from the Torah (as regards benedictions)? the same place (ibid.) 5, 9ᶜ bottom of the page ק׳ בתורה ואין ק׳ וכ׳ several persons are called to read from the Law successively, but not to read from the Prophets; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 74ᵈ קראות (correct accordingly).—5. קְרִיאָה. ↗ original

קרוינין , Shemoth Rabbah section 36, see קֵרְיוֹן ↗ original

קָרוּכִין (singular a. plural) (carrucha, carruca) travelling and state carriage. Tanchuma Beshallach 18 מעשה … ועברה קרובים וכ׳ (correct accordingly) it happened to King Shabur when he passed there (in the desert of Kub), that one of his carriages passed and a serpent swallowed it, a second etc.; (Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 255 שיירה); Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 3, 34ᵈ חיויא … בלע כרוכין Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קרונין, correct accordingly) the serpent, in the case of King Shabur, swallowed camels, swallowed carriages; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, 37ᵈ קברין (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth the passage cited אנא חמית משך … ק׳ דמלכותא I saw the skin of a serpent that went on (was used as a cover for) the royal carriage; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim the passage cited בדיויין למלכותא (correct accordingly). Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᶜ bottom of the page עד שהגיע לק׳ שלו until he reached his (Nicanor’s) carriage; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 66ᵃ top לקרובין (correct accordingly); Megillah Taanith Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12. Bereshith Rabbah section 8 למלך … שהיו בק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בקרונין, correct accordingly) the king and the viceroy were in a carriage; Koheleth Rabbah to 6, 10; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 261 (correct accordingly). Vayikra Rabbah section 16 ומלאו כל הכ׳ דם Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition, see קָרוֹן) all the carriages were filled with blood; Yalkut Shimoni Lamentations 1033, and the following קרוקין. Bamidbar Rabbah section 23, end בכורכין (correct accordingly), see יָקר; and frequently (corrupt קרובין, קרונין). ↗ original

קרולין , see קוֹרָלִין ↗ original

קְרוּם (קָרַם) skin, membrane. Nega'im 1, 1, and elsewhere כק׳ ביצה the color of the membrane surrounding the egg. Chullin 3, 1, see מוֹחַ. the same place (ibid.) 43ᵃ ק׳ שעלה … אינו ק׳ a membrane formed in consequence of a wound in the gullet is no membrane (to make the gullet sound). the same place (ibid.) 56ᵃ קְרוּמוֹ רך its membrane is tender; and frequently—plural קְרוֹמִין. the same place (ibid.) 57ᵇ, see קְרוֹמִית. ↗ original

קרומדים , see קִרְמִיד ↗ original

קְרוֹמִית (see קְרוּם); ק׳ של קנה (or supply (understood word) של קנה) the skin-like, scaly envelope of reed, haulm (used as knife, see Löw, Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 344). Tosefta Chullin 1, 5; Chullin 15ᵇ, and elsewhere בכל … בק׳ וכ׳ you may cut ritually with any tool, … with glass or with a reed haulm. the same place (ibid.) 57ᵇ עשו לה ק׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קרומין, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) they prepared for it (to be inserted in the perforated windpipe) the haulm (edition haulms) of reed, and the animal recovered.—plural קְרוֹמִיּוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 56 (used as singular); Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 8, end, 11ᶜ קלומות (correct accordingly).—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 87ᵃ שהיו נותנים … וק׳ של קנה וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) וקולמיות, correct accordingly) they put glowing iron balls under their armpits, and drove pieces of reed under their nails; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 16; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 667; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 7 קרטיות (correct accordingly). Shabbath 125ᵃ ק׳ של מחצלת shreds of reeds detached from mats. ↗ original

קרומית , Tosefta Challah 1, 1, edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), see קַרְמִית ↗ original

קְרוּמְלִים , see קַרְמוּלִין ↗ original

קָרוֹן (see קָרָר) wagon, travelling coach. Avodah Zarah 5, 4 המניח יינו בק׳ וכ׳ if a person left his wine in a coach … and walked on a short-cut (leaving the wine under the care of a gentile driver) etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 44ᵈ bottom of the page מעשה בק׳ … שהפליגה וכ׳ it happened with a coach of the house of Rabbi that its passenger left it unwatched for more than four miles. Kilayim 8, 3 היושב בק׳ he that sits in a coach (drawn by heterogeneous animals). the same place (ibid.) 4. Vayikra Rabbah section 16 a general saw them ומושיב אותן בק׳ and made them sit in his coach; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vatt. p. 133ᵃ על קרונין שלו (read קָרוּכִין or קרון). Vayikra Rabbah the passage cited הק׳ עוברת וכ׳ the coach passed over them etc.; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana the passage cited 133ᵇ הקרונין (correct accordingly); Echah Rabbah to 4, 15 קרונין, קירונין (correct accordingly); and frequently—plural קְרוֹנוֹת. Shabbath 122ᵃ ק׳ של בית רבי וכ׳ the light coaches of the house of Rabbi may be moved on the Sabbath. the same place (ibid.) לשתות יין בק׳ של נכרים וכ׳ to drink wine carried with him in coaches (and left temporarily in charge of gentiles), see above. Kiddushin 76ᵇ ק׳ של זהב Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קְרוֹנִיּוֹת, frequently קְרוֹנִית) gilt coaches. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 2 שיהו עגלות וקְרָנִיּוֹת וכ׳ (frequently קְרָנִית) wide enough for wagons and coaches to passive Bereshith Rabbah section 75 יושבי קְרָנוֹת (frequently קֶרֶן?) sitting in coaches; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 130. B. B. 146ᵃ מאה ק׳ וכ׳ one hundred wagon loads etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, 17ᵃ קריות (correct accordingly).—5. next word ↗ original

קְרוֹנָה , plural קְרוֹנוֹת (the preceding) open place for wagons on market days, station; market day. Megillah 5ᵇ רבי רחץ בקרונה של וכ׳ Rabbi bathed in the bathhouse of the station of Sepphoris on the 17^ᵗʰ of Tammuz. Kethuboth 15ᵃ נבעלת בק׳ וכ׳ if a woman had intercourse with an unknown man in the market; בק׳ ס"ד אלא … בשעת ק׳ you cannot mean on the wagons in the market, but … at market time. the same place (ibid.) בק׳ … היה מעשה the occurrence (recorded in the Mishnah) took place at the station of Sepphoris; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 25ᵈ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) בהן קרונה וכ׳ (not כהן). ↗ original

קְרוֹנְתָּא (Κόρυνθος, by adaptation to קַרְנָא) (Corinthian) capital of a column (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Columna). Targum I Kings 7, 20. Targum 2 Kings 25, 17; and frequently—plural קְרוֹנְתְּוָן. Targum I Kings the passage cited; and frequently—the same place (ibid.) 2 קְרוֹנַתְהוֹן דארזיא edition Lagarde edition (edition קַרְנַתְהוֹן; Hebrew text כרתית); the same place (ibid.) 12 קַרְנְוַתְהוֹן Levita (edition מרישא). ↗ original

קרוס , Bereshith Rabbah section 67, see מַקְרִין I ↗ original

קְרוּסְטוּמִיל , see קְרוּסְטְמִיל ↗ original

קְרוּסְטָלִינִין (κρυστάλλινος) rock-crystal decorations. Targum Esther 1, 6. ↗ original

קְרוּסְטְמִיל (crustuminum, supply (understood word) pirum) Crustumenian pear (red on one side). Tosefta Kilayim 1, 4 היו מרכיבין ק׳ על גבי עוגס edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קְרוּסְתְּמִין) they grafted a Crustumenian on a native pear-tree; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 27ᵃ קרוסטמיל and קְרוּסְטַמְלִין (sing.).—plural קְרוּסְטְמִילִין. Tosefta Shevi'ith 7, 16 (variant reading קרסטמול׳). Tosefta ʿUktsin 3, 7 קְרוּסְטוֹמְלִין. Kilayim 1, 4 קרוסטמילין Munich manuscript (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition קרוסטמלין, Mishnah a. Babylonian edition קרסתומלין). Maasroth 1, 3 קרוסטומלין Mishnah edition (Munich manuscript קרוסטמילין, Yerushalmi (prefix) edition קרוסטמ׳, Babylonian edition קריס׳). ↗ original

קְרוּסְפָּא , see כְּרִיסְפָּא a. קְרִיסְפָּא. ↗ original

קָרוֹצָא (קְרַץ 1) biting insect.—plural קָרוֹצֵי. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1, see חִיפּוּשִׂיתָא. ↗ original

קָרוּקִין , see קָרוּכִין ↗ original

קרוקיתא , Nedarim 41ᵃ ההוא ק׳ דעקרבא, read, as Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 877; ההוא עקרבא, see אַקְרוֹקְתָּא ↗ original

קרורטין , (Musafia קרידטין), name of a potion, probably to be read: קִדְרִיטִין (κεδρίτης) wine flavored with resin of cedar. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 14ᶜ ↗ original

קְרוּשָׁא (קְרַשׁ) frost. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 31, 40 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קְרִישָׁא). ↗ original

קְרוֹשְׁיָתָא , see כְּרוֹשְׁיָיתָא ↗ original

קִרְזֵל (see קְרוֹז) to round, roll, form a ball. participle passive מְקוּרְזָל; feminine מְקוּרְזֶלֶת; plural מְקוּרְזָלִין; מְקוּרְזָלוֹת. Tosefta Shabbath 13 (14), 17 צרור המק׳ a rounded and smooth lump (of earth or stone); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, end, 11ᶜ; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 81ᵃ אבנים מק׳. the same place (ibid.) 43ᵃ; and elsewhere ↗ original

קֵרֵחַ see next word) bald, bald head. Bereshith Rabbah section 65, see קִיוֵּוץ. Bechoroth 7, 2 הק׳ פסול a bald-headed person is unfit for priestly functions; איזה ק׳ כל וכ׳ bald-headed (in a legal sense) is he who has not a line of hair from ear to ear. the same place (ibid.) 58ᵃ הק׳ הזה that bald head (R. Akiba). Bava Kamma 60ᵇ נמצא ק׳ מכאן וק׳ מכאן finally he is bald from here and bald from there (has neither white nor black hair); and frequently—Gittin 8, 9, and elsewhere גט ק׳ a letter of divorce that lacks signatures on each of its folds (see קָשַׁר).—plural קֵרְחִים, קֵרְחִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 2, end, 40ᵃ הכהנים לרבות הק׳ ‘the priests’ (Leviticus 1, 5), this includes the bald heads (as fit for that function); Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Parah 4, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 6 קַרְחָנִים; Bechoroth 43ᵇ קרְחָנִין.—Fem. קֵרַחַת. Bava Bathra 132ᵃ ק׳ מכאן ומכאן she is bald on both sides, i.e. has forfeited both claims on her husband’s estate. ↗ original

קֵרֵחַ ² Targum Onkelos Leviticus 13, 40 (edition Berlin edition קְרֵיחַ; some edition קְרַח); Yerushalmi (prefix) קְרוּחַ. ↗ original

קָרַח (Biblical Hebrew) [to be round and smooth,] (denominative of קֵרֵחַ) to make a bald spot. Makkoth 3, 5 הקוֹרִחַ קרחה וכ׳ he that makes a baldness upon his head. the same place (ibid.) 20ᵃ יכול אפי׳ ק׳ … קריחות וכ׳ lest you think that even if one makes four or five spots, he is guilty only of one act; Kiddushin 36ᵃ; and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְרַח to become bald, hairless, smooth. Maasroth 1, 3 האגסים … משיִקָּרְהוּ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition משׁיַקְרִיחוּ, a. משיקרחו) pears … are subject to tithes when their surface begins to grow smooth, see below. Nega'im 8, 5 חזר … ונִקְרְחוּ if head and chin changed and became bald; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 10 (not שנ׳); and elsewhere Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְרִיחַ same. Tosefta Maasroth 1, 2 משיַקְרִיחוּ (not משיקד׳), see above. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 48ᵈ bottom of the page משיקריחו … משיעשו קרחות … לבנות ‘when they get smooth’ (Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 1, 3, see above) …, that means, when they begin to get white, smooth spots (compare קְרוּחַ). the same place (ibid.) וכי מחמת האוכל הן מַקְרִיחִין וכ׳ do the fruits get white spots because of the development of the eatable matter (flesh), is it not on account of worms?; and elsewhere to make bare, raze. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 4, beginning 29ᵃ קרחת … מקריחין אותו וכ׳ ‘a bald portion of a vineyard’ (Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 4, 1) is one which is razed in the centre; כרם שחרב מקריחין וכ׳ ‘a waste vineyard’ (the same place (ibid.) 2) is one which is razed on all sides. Sotah 46ᵇ (play on קרח, 2 Kings 2, 23) שהִקְרַחְתָּ עלינו את המקום thou hast made the place bare for us (ruined our water trade by healing the well); and elsewhere—participle passive מוּקְרָח; pl. מוּקְרָחִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵇ bottom of the page ששה על ששה מוק׳ וכ׳ when one throws mixed seeds into a plot of six (cubits) by six which lies vacant within a field of grains or which is fenced in. ↗ original

קְרַח 1 , to make bald; to become bald. Pesachim 110ᵃ bottom of the page (in an incantation) ק׳ קרחייכי bald be your baldness (may the hair with which you practice your witchcraft fall out). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 20, end, 17ᵈ (perh. Hebrew) קְרוֹחַ קריחה make bald a bald head (?), see צְנִינִים.—[Sanhedrin 109ᵇ עד דקרחא some edition, read: דקדחא, see קְדַח.] ↗ original

קֶרַח (the preceding words) baldness. Kiddushin 36ᵃ (referring to קרחה Leviticus 21, 5) א"כ נכתוב קרא ק׳ וכ׳ if this were so, the text should read ḳeraḥ, why is it ḳorḥah? ↗ original

קרח , Sifra Thazr., Nega'im Chaldaic (Aramaic) I; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 550, read: קֶדַח. ↗ original

קֹרַח (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Korah, leader of a rebellion against Moses. Tosefta Sanhedrin 13, 9 ק׳ ועדתו וכ׳ Korah and his followers have no share in the world to come; Sanhedrin 109ᵇ עדת ק׳ וכ׳ the followers of K. have etc. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ שנעשה קרחה וכ׳ (Munich manuscript שעשה) he is named Korah (Bald), because baldness (depopulation) was created in Israel; and very frequently ↗ original

קְרַח 2 = Hebrew קֵרֵחַ, see קֵרֵחַ Chaldaic (Aramaic)—Targum 2 Kings 2, 23 קרְ׳ (edition Venice קָרָ׳).—Sanhedrin 63ᵇ ברחא ק׳, see אֲשִׁימָא. Shabbath 152ᵃ, see בַּרְחָא, a. מַצּוּיָינָא. (compare גולבינא a. גלב) a species of peas (Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus under the word קרחא, 3740 ‘peanuts’).—plural קַרְחִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 4, 38ᵈ top מי סורס וק׳ an infusion of sores and ḳarḥim ↗ original

קַרְחָא 2 = Biblical Hebrew קֶרַח, frost, ice, hail. Targum Psalms 147, 17. Targum Job 37, 10; and elsewhere ↗ original

קָרָחָא 2 (קְרַח 1) [scraper, wool-dresser; compare גַּרְדַּי,] common weaver. Megillah 12ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1051, see פַּרְדַּשְׁכָּא. ↗ original

קָרְחָא 2 feminine = next word Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 14, 1 (some edition קָרְחָה). ↗ original

קָרְחָה 1 baldness. Sifré Deuteronomy 96; Makkoth 20ᵃ לחייב על כל ק׳ וק׳ to be punishable for each act of making a bald spot; Sifra Emor, Parah 1, Chaldaic (Aramaic) I קְרִיחָה. Makkoth 20ᵇ וכמה שיעור ק׳ what is the legal size of baldness (to be punishable)?; and frequently—Transferred gap, depopulation. Sanhedrin 109ᵇ, and elsewhere, see קֹרַח. Megillah 13ᵇ שמא תאמר ק׳ אני וכ׳ lest thou say that I may create depopulation in thy empire (by the extermination of the Jews); and elsewhere—plural קָרְחוֹת. Kiddushin 36ᵃ (Makkoth 20ᵃ, and elsewhere קריחות), see קָרַח. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 48ᵈ bottom of the page, see קָרַח Hif'il—Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 75ᵃ top (to those who read from the Law without benedictions) עד מתי אתם … ק׳ ק׳ how long will you make the law into bare patches (sterile of spiritual seeds)? ↗ original

קָרְחָה 2 Ḳorḥah, father of R. Joshua (see Friedman Darkhé, p. 178). Megillah 28ᵃ. Shabbath 152ᵃ, see גַּוְזַנְיָא. Sanhedrin 7, 5; and frequently ↗ original

קַרְחוּתָא (קְרַח) baldness of the back of the head. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 13, 42 (Yerushalmi (prefix) קֵרוּחְתָּא, קוּרְחֲתָא, קוּרַחְתָּא). ↗ original

קַרְחַיִים , see קְרוּחַיִים ↗ original

קַרְחִין a species of peas, see קְרַח 2. ↗ original

קַרְחִינָא Ḳarḥina. Shabbath 152ᵃ, see גַּוְזַנְיָא.—Denom. קַרְחִינָאָה. Sanhedrin 92ᵃ אדא ק׳; Berachoth 33ᵃ אדא בר אהבה ק׳ Munich manuscript (edition אחא ק׳, some edition קַרְחִינַאי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original

קַרְחָן = קֵרֵחַ.—plural קַרְחָנִים, קַרְחָנִין, see קֵרֵחַ. ↗ original

קָרַחַת baldness; ק׳ הכרם razed portion of a vineyard. Kilayim 4, 1, see קָרַח Hif'il; and elsewhere smooth back or inside of cloth; worn cloth. Sifra Thazr., Parah 5, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 15 בקָרַחְתּוֹ אלו השחקים b’ḳaraḥto (Leviticus 13, 55) means worn cloth, opposite גַּבַּחַת. a leprous affection on the back of the head (making it bald). Nega'im 10, 10 איזו היא ק׳ מן הקדקד וכ׳ which portion of the head is meant by ḳaraḥath? From the crown sliding backward etc.; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 9; Sifra the passage cited Chaldaic (Aramaic) 10; and frequently ↗ original

קְרַט (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 3741; compare קרץ) to break, take a bite. Vayikra Rabbah section 22; Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 8 יתיב למְקַרְטָא וכ׳ sat down on the road to eat something (Tanchuma Chukkath 1 שהיה אוכל לחם). ↗ original

קָרָט (the preceding, see קוֹרֶט) ḳaraṭ, a small coin. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, 19ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵃ bottom of the page, see קְפֵילִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 4, beginning 9ᶜ ק׳ בק׳ שרי to lend money on ḳaraṭ against ḳ. (counting ḳaraṭs in place of denars) is permitted; compare לָקָן.—plural קְרָטִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 2, 46ᵈ ביקשו לשקול דינרין ק׳ וכ׳ ‘they wanted to pay their half-shekels in denars’ (Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 2, 4), that is in ḳaraṭs, but it was not accepted.—קֳרָטִים, קֳרָטִין, see קוֹרֶט. ↗ original

קַרְטַבְלָא , see קַרְטוּבְלָא ↗ original

קרטבליא , see קָטָבוֹלְיָא ↗ original

קַרְטְגינָא , see קרְטִיגְנִי ↗ original

קַרְטוּב (קרטב, Parel of קטב; compare קַרְטוּפְנָא a. קָטָף) ḳarṭub, ḳurṭub, a small liquid measure equal to ¹/₆₄ of a Log. Tosefta Bava Bathra 5, 10; Bava Bathra 90ᵃ (Rashb. ad loc. (on the passage) quoted of Tosefta the passage cited וחצי שמינית וכ׳ one sixteenth of a Log). Menachoth 12, 4 (103ᵇ) קר׳ (Munich manuscript קור׳); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 12, 9 קור׳. Mikvaoth 3, 1. the same place (ibid.) 7, 5; Chullin 26ᵃ; Makkoth 4ᵃ; and elsewhere ↗ original

קַרְטוּבְלָא (a Babyl. corruption of קָטָבוֹלְיָא) leather cover, spread. Shabbath 79ᵃ bottom of the page ההיא בק׳ (Munich manuscript בקורטבלא, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בקרטב׳) this refers to a leather spread. Chagigah 24ᵃ שצברן ע"ג קרטב׳ (Munich manuscript קָטָבְלָא) he piled them on a leather spread. Niddah 28ᵃ שרפו ע"ג קטבלא he burned the corpse on a leather spread (which is not consumed in fire). ↗ original

קרְטוּם , see קִירְטוּם ↗ original

*קָרְטוֹן (cors, -tis = cohors) an enclosure for a division in a military camp, square. Berachoth 32ᵇ, see גַּסְטְרָא; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 332 קירטון (probably to be read: קוֹרְ׳). ↗ original

קרטון , Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 942; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 321, see קִטְרוֹן 2 ↗ original

קַרְטוּפְנָא (קרטף, Parel of קטף; compare קָטָף) incision, scratch, crack.—plural קַרְטוּפְנֵי. Bava Kamma 86ᵃ דאית ליה ק׳ וכ׳ if he has sores from scratches on his head etc., see צְוַוח. Kethuboth 107ᵇ דלית בהו ק׳ when the glazed vessels have no cracks. Pesachim 30ᵇ היכא דאית בהו ק׳ when they have cracks, opposite שיעי. ↗ original

קַרְטֵט (see קְרַט) to break, cut into small pieces. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 54ᵈ נסתון … וקַרְטְטָן קומוי וכ׳ Bar Ḳ. took them (the fruit) and cut them in his presence, saying, is this worth anything?—participle passive מְקַרְטַט, מְקַרְטְטָה. the same place (ibid.) עד כדון מילה מק׳ ולא טבא מילה מק׳ וכ׳ (edition Zyt. מקרטמה) so far (you are right) as to a thing which is worth nothing when cut; how about a thing which is valuable when it is cut? ↗ original

קַרְטִיגְנָא , see next word ↗ original

קַרְטִיגְנִי (Cartago, Carthago, -inis) Carthage (rebuilt under the Roman empire), on the northern coast of Africa. Menachoth 110ᵃ מצור ועד ק׳ מכירין וכ׳ from Tyre to Carthage they know (respect the past history of) Israel and their Father in heaven, but from Tyre westward and from Carthage eastward they do not know etc.; Isaiah 316. Vayikra Rabbah section 27 אזל … קרטיגנא והוות וכ׳ (Alexander the Great) came to a city called Ḳarṭigna which was occupied (guarded) by women only (see Tamid 32ᵃ). Bereshith Rabbah section 44, end (explained הקדמני, Genesis 15, 19) קרטגינה (some edition קרטנונא, correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 78 קרטניי׳ (correct accordingly). Berachoth 29ᵃ קרטגני Munich manuscript (edition קרטיגנין; some edition קרטיגנן, קרטיגנון, correct accordingly; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note); see קַרְתִּיגְנִי.—Denom. קַרְטִיגְנָאָה, see sub קַרְתִּ׳. ↗ original

קרטיות , Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 7, see קְרוֹמִית ↗ original

קַרְטִילָּא , see קַרְטַלָּא ↗ original

קַרְטֵיס (χάρτης) paper, document. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 45 נטל ק׳ (חלק) ונתן וכ׳ edition Buber edition (other edition קוטריס, קרדום, correct accordingly) he took a blank paper and handed it to the judge; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 749 קונטרס (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קַרְטֵיס ² … Chaldaic (Aramaic) same. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵃ חד בר נש … בק׳ a man owed his neighbor one hundred denars on a note; אי לא יהב לך ק׳ וכ׳ unless he hand thee the note, give him no money. Gittin 69ᵃ קוּרְטֵסָא a piece of paper.—plural קַרְטִיסַיָּיא. Vayikra Rabbah section 34 הא ק׳ קדמך וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כתבא) the documents (accounts) are before thee, read and count. ↗ original

קרטיסים , see next word ↗ original

קְרָטִיסִין (not ים …) feminine (κράτησις, S.) dominion, power, possession, especially (supply (understood word) יום) a Roman festival commemorating the conquest of eastern countries. Avodah Zarah 1, 3 (8ᵃ) (Mishnah Nap. קריטיסים; Yerushalmi (prefix) edition קרטסים; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 5); the same place (ibid.) 8ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 39ᶜ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 4 קרטיסים (variant reading קראטיס׳, טוסם …). royal prohibition. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod., p. 104ᵇ and the following קבע ק׳ בני וכ׳ he issued a prohibition, that the Romans must not go down to Syria etc.; התיר ק׳ he cancelled the prohibition; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 273 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קבע קרטיסים בים, correct accordingly). ↗ original

קְרֵטִיקוֹן , see גְּרֵתִיקוֹן ↗ original

קַרְטַלָּא (κάρταλλος, probably of Semitic origin; compare קוֹרְטוֹר) a kind of basket. Vayikra Rabbah section 25; Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 20 (Tanchuma K’dosh. 8 סַלְסַלָּה). ↗ original

קַרְטַלִּין (κάρταλον) same. Tosefta Shabbath 4 (5), 5 variant reading, see קְרַסְטְלִין ↗ original

קַרְטְלִיתָא same, a female’s working basket. Bava Bathra 74ᵃ bottom of the page ק׳ דהוו קא מקבעי וכ׳ a basket (Rashi: a chest) in which jewels were set. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ מאי אית לכו בהדי ק׳ וכ׳ what have you to do with that basket designated for the wife etc.? ↗ original

קִרְטֵם (Parel of קָטַם) to pluck, lop. Maasroth 3, 9 מְקַרְטֵם עלה וכ׳ he may pluck leaf by leaf and eat (without tithing); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 50ᶜ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 2, 3ᵃ top וקִירְטְמוּ החילפין and they (the chickens) ruined the young shoots; (Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 1 וקִיטְּמוּ). Ylamdenu to Numbers 22, 4 quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) כל בהמה מְקַרְטֶמֶת אחד אחד וכ׳ any other beast on pasture plucks one part of the field after the other, but the ox etc. ↗ original

קַרְטֵם Chaldaic (Aramaic), see קַרְטֵט ↗ original

קִרְטֵס (Pales of קרט) to scrape. Kelim 30, 1 קִירְטְסָן, see קִרְדֵּס. ↗ original

קַרְטֵס , see קַרְטֵיס ↗ original

*קַרְטְסָא 2 (a contraction of Cretensis, compare Κρητικόν, supply (understood word) ἱμάτιον) a short and light linen dress.—plural קַרְטְסַיָּא. Targum Isaiah 3, 23 (Hebrew text סדינים). ↗ original

קרטסים , see קְרָטִיסִין ↗ original

קִרְטֵעַ (Parel of קָטַע) [to cut; compare גּוּז,] to caper, leap. Bereshith Rabbah section 38 ארכיליסטיס מְקַרְטֵעַ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) the chief robber (Satan) cuts his capers (edition השטן מקטרג). Bereshith Rabbah section 74 מְקַרְטְעִים בו variant reading, see קִרְקֵר 2. Tanchuma Ki Thissa 19 נוער כשהוא מְקַרְטֵעַ (read: נראה) appearing as if it (the golden calf) were leaping, see רָטַט. Chullin 75ᵃ דג מקרטע (Manuscript Hamburg המִתְקַרְטֵעַ; Manuscript Rome 1 המקורטע; 2 המטרטע correct accordingly; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 2) a fish jumping (in the death agony); and elsewhere—Pesikta Rabbati section 40 [read:] שלא נראה המאכלת בא(ה) עלי ונְקַרְטֵעַ ונִיפָּסֵל וכ׳ lest we (1) see the knife coming on me, and make a convulsive movement, and become unfit for a sacrifice; [Friedm. corrects: שלא אראה … וַאֲקַרְטֵעַ ואִיפָּסֵל lest I see the knife etc.] Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַרְטֵעַ same, see above. ↗ original

קַרְטֵעַ , to leap. Targum Job 41, 14 מקרטע quoted in Tosafoth to Chullin 75ᵃ (edition תדיץ).—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 4 מְקַרְטְעָא כהדא חפיתא, see חָפִיתָא; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Ronni, p. 141ᵇ מְקַרְטְעָה בהדא חפצתא (correct accordingly; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word קרטע: כהדא ריפתא, correct accordingly). ↗ original

קרי , Pesikta Rabbati section 22, see קִירִי.—Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 946, see קירִי. ↗ original

קרי ² (Biblical Hebrew) to call, name; to invite. Berachoth 7ᵇ מיום שברא … שקְרָאוֹ … וּקְרָאוֹ אדון from the day that the Lord created the world there was no man that called the Holy One, blessed be He, lord, until Abraham came and called him lord (Genesis 15, 2 אדני). Bereshith Rabbah section 56 אברהם קראו יראה Abraham called it (the Temple site) yeraëh (Genesis 22, 14), שם ק׳ אותו שלם Shem called it Salem (the same place (ibid.) 14, 18), הריני קוֹרֵא אותו ירושלם I will call it Jerusalem. Sanhedrin 70ᵇ אין … לִקְרוֹא אבא וכ׳ no sooner does a child know to call ‘father’ and ‘mother’, than it tastes grain food. Bamidbar Rabbah section 15, beginning ק׳ אותו אוהב he invited that friend. the same place (ibid.) והיה קורא אומניות, see אוּמָנוּת; and very frequently—participle passive קָרוּא, קָרוּי; feminine קְרוּאָה, קְרוּיָה; plural קְרוּאִים, קְרוּאִין, קְרוּיִים, קְרוּיִם, קְרוּיִין, קְרוּיִן; קְרוּאוֹת, קְרוּיוֹת. Bava Metzia 114ᵇ, and elsewhere (referring to Ezekiel 34, 31) אתם ק׳ אדם וכ׳ you are called men, but idolaters etc. Sifra Aḥăré, end כל העריות ק׳ טומאה all illicit connections are called uncleanness; and frequently—Esp. קְרוּאִים, קְרוּיִין those called up to read from the Torah (see below). Bereshith Rabbah section 70 (referring to Genesis 29, 2) אלו שלשה ק׳ this is typical of the three persons called up to read from the Torah (priest, Levite, and Israelite). Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, 74ᵇ ולא שבעה ק׳ אינון are not seven persons called up (on the Sabbath)?; and frequently—5. קְרוּיוֹת.—2) to read, recite (especially from the Scriptures). Yoma 1, 6 אם רגיל לִקְרוֹת … קוֹרִין לפניו if he (the high priest) is accustomed to read (the Scriptures), he reads himself, if not, they read to him; ובמה קורין לפניו and from what books do they read to him? the same place (ibid.) פעמים הרבה קָרִיתִי וכ׳ many a time I read to him from Daniel. Megillah 2, 1 הקורא את המגילה וכ׳, see מִפְרֵעַ. the same place (ibid.) 2 קְרָאָהּ סירוגין, see סֵירוּג. the same place (ibid.) 3 קורא כמקומו he must read in accordance with the usage of the place he came from. the same place (ibid.) 4 הכל כשרין לִקְרוֹת וכ׳ all persons are qualified to recite the Book of Esther (before the congregation). Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 74ᵈ bottom of the page וקְרָיָיהּ and read from it; and frequently—Esp. to read from the Torah at public services. the same place (ibid.) 3, 4 קורין בפרשת שקלים they (those who are called up, see above) read the section of Sheḳalim (Exodus 30, 11-16). the same place (ibid.) 6 אחד קורא את כולן one person must read the entire chapter (of the curses). the same place (ibid.) 4, 1 בשני … קורין שלשה on Mondays … three persons read. the same place (ibid.) 4 הקורא בתורה לא יפחות וכ׳ he who is designated to read from the Torah must read no less than three verses; לא יִקְרָא למתורגמן וכ׳ he must read to the interpreter one verse at a time, but from the Prophets, three verses. Bikkurim 1, 1 יש מביאין … וקורין וכ׳ there are those who are bound to bring the first-fruits and to read (Deuteronomy 26, 5-10), and those who must bring but not read etc. the same place (ibid.) 4; and very frequently—Esp. (את שמע) ק׳ to recite the Sh’mʿa in the morning and in the evening prayer. Berachoth 1, 1 לא קָרִינוּ וכ׳ we omitted to read the Sh’mʿa. the same place (ibid.) 2, 3 ק׳ וטעה if one read the Sh’mʿa and made a mistake. the same place (ibid.) 4 האומנין קוֹרְאִין וכ׳ (Babylonian edition 16ᵃ קורין) workingmen read the Sh’mʿa on top of a tree, or on the scaffolding; and very frequently—אל תִּקְרֵי … אלא (or תִּיקְרִי Chaldaic (Aramaic) form; abbreviated or abbreviation א"ת) read not … but—, i.e. change the traditional (Massoretic) reading (for homiletical purposes). the same place (ibid.) 64ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 54, 13 א"ת בָּנַיִךְ אלא בּוֹנַיִךְ read not banayikh (thy children) but bonayikh (thy builders, the scholars). Moed Katan 9ᵇ (referring to Psalms 49, 12) א"ת קִרְבָּם אלא קִבְרָם read not ḳirbam (their innermost) but ḳibram (their grave); and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל קֵרֵא same, to call, invite. participle passive מְקוֹרָא, plural מְקוֹרָאִים, מְקוֹרָאִין. Bamidbar Rabbah section 13 יש חתן … למק׳ וכ׳ does a bridegroom give a banquet for the invited guests and not sit with them?; and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְרָא to be called. Vayikra Rabbah section 1, beginning נִקְרְאוּ הנביאים וכ׳, see בַּיִת. Shemoth Rabbah section 1 (referring to Exodus 2, 13) מכאן … נ׳ רשע from here we learn that when a man lifts up his hand to strike his neighbor, even if he does not strike, he is called a wicked man; Sanhedrin 58ᵇ. Avodah Zarah 19ᵃ (referring to Psalms 1, 2) בתחלה נִקְרֵאת … נקראת וכ׳ first it (the Law) is called the Lord’s, and then his (the student’s); and frequently— to be read, recited. Megillah 1, 1 מגלה נקראת וכ׳ the Book of Esther may be read at public service on the eleventh etc. the same place (ibid.) 4, 10 מעשה ראובן נ׳ ולא וכ׳ the story of Reuben (Genesis 35, 22) is read at public service but not translated. the same place (ibid.) לא נִקְרָאִין וכ׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition נִיקְרִין) must be neither read nor interpreted. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4 (3), 31 יש נקראין ומתרגמין וכ׳ certain verses are read but not interpreted etc.; Megillah 25ᵃ נִקְרִין; and very frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְרִיא to cause to call, to lead in reading. Sotah 10ᵃ and the following (referring to Genesis 21, 33) א"ת וַיִּקְרָא אלא וַיַּקְרִיא read not vayiḳra (and he called) but vayaḳri (and he made call), מלמד שה׳ וכ׳ intimating that Abraham caused the name of the Lord to be called by the mouth of every passer-by. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, 20ᶜ top קטן שהוא מַקְרֵא וכ׳ a child that reads the Hallel at school, and they (the class) respond by repeating each sentence (see עָנָה I); גדול שהוא מקרא וכ׳ an adult that leads in reciting …, when the congregation responds with the first sentence (as refrain). Sukkah 3, 10 מי שהיה … מַקְרִין אותו וכ׳ if a slave, a woman, or a child reads to him, he responds with Hallelujah. Gittin 3, 1 שמע קול סופרים מקרין וכ׳ heard the teaching scribes as they made the practicing children read, ‘such and such … divorces etc.’—Esp. to teach the Scriptures (מִקְרָא). Echah Rabbah to 1, 6 הַקְרינִי דף אחד … השניני וכ׳ teach me a page of the Scriptures, teach me a chapter of the Mishnah; and frequently—[Eruvin 104ᵇ שהקרו, see קָרַר I.] ↗ original

קְרֵי 1 , to call, name, invite; to read. Targum Genesis 29, 34. Targum I Samuel 3, 6. Targum Genesis 2, 19, and the following Targum Deuteronomy 17, 19. Targum Esther 6, 1; and very frequently—Megillah 18ᵇ דקָרוּ ליה וכ׳ when they call him (in his sleep), and he answers. Bereshith Rabbah section 17; Vayikra Rabbah section 34 קְרוּן בשכונתיה וכ׳ they called (begging for alms) in the neighborhood etc. Berachoth 13ᵇ מִקְרָא הוא דלא לִיקְרֵי וכ׳ one is not permitted to read the Sh’mʿa (while lying on one’s back), but etc.; מקרא … נמי אסיר to read is forbidden even when turning sideways. the same place (ibid.) 11ᵇ כתיב רע וקְרִינָן הכל it is written (Isaiah 45, 7) ‘and creates evil’, and we read (in the morning prayers) ‘all’! Pesachim 3ᵃ קָרוּ נגהי, see נָגְהָא. the same place (ibid.) קַרְיֵיה … לנהורא וכ׳ the Lord called the light and appointed it etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 40 הוה קָרֵי עליהין נותן וכ׳ applied to them the verse (Isaiah 40, 29), he giveth etc. Moed Katan 5ᵇ top, and frequently ק׳ עליה וכ׳ applied to him the verse etc. Kethuboth 17ᵃ and the following למאן דקרי ותני וכ׳ (at the funeral) of one that read the Bible and studied Mishnah, but of one that taught others etc. Shabbath 152ᵇ גלית … נביאי לא קְרֵית thou showest that thou hast not even read the Prophets (see below). Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, 74ᵇ bottom of the page אילין … מאי דיִקְרִינָן וכ׳ as to the curses (see אֲרַר), dare one person read them and recite the benediction before and after them? Shemoth Rabbah section 47 למדו … ודקָרִין בלילה learn the Torah from such teachers as get up early and study while it is yet night, see אִימְּטִין; and very frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 75ᵃ bottom of the page, and elsewhere קְרָאיֵי they recite.—participle passive קְרִי, קְרִיא; plural קְרִיָּין the Massoretic reading, opposite כתיב. Treatise Sof’rim Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9, 8. Nedarim 37ᵇ, see כְּתִיב; and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְרֵי (Pa'el קָרֵי) to make read, to teach (the Scriptures). Shabbath the passage cited דקָרְיָיךְ קהלת לא אַקְרְיָיךְ משלי (Munich manuscript דאַקְרְיָיךְ) he that taught thee Koheleth (Ecclesiastes) failed to teach thee Mishlé (Proverbs); Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 33; Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 376 דאקרייך. Yevamoth 9ᵃ מדמַקְרֵי ליה וכ׳ as R. J. taught his son the interpretation of etc. Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 14 מקרתה, read: מקרי ליה, see קַרְיָיא; and frequently—5. מַקְרֵי.—[Tanchuma Bereshith 2 ולקרוייה, read: וליַקּוּרֵיה.] Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְקְרִיא, אִתְקְרֵי, , אִיקְּרֵי to be called, named; to be called upon, visited. Targum Esther 3, 12. the same place (ibid.) 4, 11. Targum Genesis 17, 5; and frequently—Sanhedrin 26ᵇ היכן … דאִיקְּרוּ שָׁתוֹת where do we find that the righteous are called ‘foundations’? Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 376 אפי׳ … אִיקְּרוּ לך even Prophets have not been taught thee; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 133 לא אַקְרוּ they have not taught thee (see above); and frequently ↗ original

קרי ³ (Biblical Hebrew) to join.—Denom. קוֹרָה 3.—לִקְרַאת to meet. Shabbath 31ᵃ ויצא לִקְרָאתוֹ and came out to meet him. the same place (ibid.) 119ᵃ; Bava Kamma 32ᵃ top לקראת כלה to meet the bride (the Sabbath); and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְרָה to meet, join, especially נִקְרֵי, נִיקְרֵי (denominative of קֶרִי) to lose semen. Bereshith Rabbah section 52; section 74, and elsewhere אין הלשון הזה וַיִּקָּר אלא לשון טומאה this expression vayiḳḳar (Numbers 23, 4) has the meaning of uncleanness (by analogy from Deuteronomy 23, 11).—Megillah 15ᵃ; Taanith 5ᵇ. Yevamoth 76ᵃ Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּקְרָה same, to have (nocturnal) pollution; to lose semen. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, 20ᵇ top; Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 23 (referring to I Samuel 25, 20) ותפגש אותם הוּקְרוּ כולן ‘she struck them’ (with her charms), all of them met with etc. ↗ original

קְרֵי 2 , to join. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיקְּרֵי to do something by accident; to happen. Sanhedrin 33ᵃ א׳ ועבד כחד וכ׳ if he happened to act in accordance with the opinion of one of them, when the common usage agrees with the other. Kethuboth 26ᵃ אִיקְּרוּ ויהבו ליה accidentally they gave it to him. ↗ original

קרי ⁴ , Pi'el קֵרָה (Biblical Hebrew) (denominative of קוֹרָה, which see) to lay beams; to cover. (denominative of קִיר I, which see) to wall up, close. Berachoth 10ᵇ (referring to 2 Kings 4, 10) עלייה … וקֵירוּהָ it was an open upper room (a balcony), and they closed it up. Moed Katan 1, 4 מְקָרִין את הפירצה וכ׳ you may close up a breach during the festive week. the same place (ibid.) 7ᵃ כיצד מקרין וכ׳ in what way is it to be done?… With shrubbery or bay-trees. Sukkah 1, 8 המְקָרֶה סוכתו וכ׳ he who covers his Succah with spits or boards of a bed-side. Vayikra Rabbah section 1 היה מקרה בקורות וכ׳ he covered the building with joists, and wrote the name of the king on them; and elsewhere—participle passive מְקוֹרֶה; feminine מְקוֹרָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 1, 51ᵈ top סוכה מ׳ פסולה a Succah covered with beams is ritually unfit; מבוי מ׳ כשר a covered alley is fit (for Sabbath movements). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 9, 57ᵈ מערה מ׳ a vaulted cave. Shabbath 5ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original

קְרֵי 3 = קִרְיָיא, town, place. Targum Onkelos Genesis 47, 21 (some edition קְרִי). Targum Isaiah 19, 2; and elsewhere—plural, see קִרְיָיא ↗ original

קְרִי , participle passive of קְרי I, which see ↗ original

קְרִי ² accident, mishap. Rosh Hashanah 16ᵃ תבואה שאירע בה ק׳ וכ׳ a crop to which an accident happened (an injury from natural causes) or a misfortune (through human agencies). the same place (ibid.) אדם … ק׳ וכ׳ a man whom a mishap befell or etc. (euphem.) nocturnal pollution. Avoth 5, 5. Middoth 1, 9. Yoma 88ᵃ בעל ק׳ one to whom pollution happened; and frequently—plural קְרָיִין. Berachoth 22ᵇ; Bava Kamma 82ᵃ (Manuscript Hamburg קְרָאִין); Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 75ᵃ top; and elsewhere ↗ original

קַרְיָא 1 accident, mishap. Targum Proverbs 17, 14 quoted Levy Targum Dictionary (edition Lagarde edition קדיא; edition אצטדיא). construct state קְרֵי pollution. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 23, 11 edition Berlin edition (edition Vienna edition = Hebrew text קְרֵה; other edition סואבת). ↗ original

קַרְיָא 2 name of a worm in poppy. Sotah 3ᵇ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word כד: כַּרְיָא), see זְנוּתָא. ↗ original

קַרְיָא 3 Bible verse, see קַרְיָיא. ↗ original

קִרְיָא place, see קִרְיָיא. ↗ original

קְרִיאָה (קָרָא) call. Sifra Vayikra, Parah 1 (referring to Leviticus 1, 1) הקדים ק׳ לדיבור the Lord sent the call in advance of the speech. the same place (ibid.) על כל ק׳ הוא אומר הנני to every call he responded with ‘here am 1.’ Devarim Rabbah section 11, beginning חתם יצחק בק׳ Isaac closed his blessings with a call (Genesis 28, 1); אני … אלא בק׳ I will commence with a call (the same place (ibid.) 49, 1); and frequently reading especially from the Scriptures. קְרִיאַת שמע (קְרִיַּת) (abbreviated or abbreviation ק"ש), or ק׳ (supply (understood word) שמע) the recitation of Sh’mʿa (Deuteronomy 6, 4-9; 11, 13-21; Numbers 15, 37-41) in the morning and in the evening prayer. Berachoth 13ᵇ מצות ק׳ the duty of reciting, contradistinguished to מצות כונה, see כַּוָּנָה. the same place (ibid.) זו ק"ש של ר׳ וכ׳ this (the verse Deuteronomy 6, 4) was all that R. Judah han-Nasi read (when engaged in teaching); and frequently—5. שְׁמַע 2.—קריאת המגלה the recitation of the Book of Esther. Megillah 1, 4; and frequently—the same place (ibid.) 14ᵃ קְרִיָּיתָהּ זו הלילא (not קרייתא), see הַלֵּלָא.—Makkoth 18ᵇ הראויין לק׳ those first-fruits which are fit for reciting over them (Deuteronomy 26, 3 and the following); and frequently—plural קְרִיאוֹת, קְרִיּוֹת. Devarim Rabbah section 4, beginning מהו לקרות … בק׳ הרבה how about reading ‘the reproofs’ (תּוֹכָחָה) by several calls (by calling up several persons successively). the same place (ibid.) אם יקראו … ק׳ הרבה וכ׳ if they do read … by several calls, each called-up person should not recite the benediction before and after etc.—Cmp. קְרוּיוֹת. ↗ original

קריאסות , see קִירְיוֹסִי ↗ original

קְרֵיב , see קְרֵב ↗ original

קָרֵיב , קָרֵיבָא, קָרִי׳, קָרֵיבְתָּא feminine (קְרֵב) near, related. Targum Deuteronomy 22, 2. Targum Leviticus 21, 3. the same place (ibid.) 18, 6; and very frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 9, 33ᵃ top כהדא קְרִיבְתֵּיה דרב וכ׳ as in the case of that relative of Rabbenu Shimshon—plural קָרִיבִין, קָרִיבַיָּא; קָרִיבַן, קְרִיבָתָא. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 18, 17. Targum Psalms 38, 12. Targum Ezekiel 23, 5; and frequently ↗ original

קְרֵיבָה (קָרַב) coming near, use of the root קָרַב. Bereshith Rabbah section 96 (referring to Genesis 47, 29) כל מי שנ׳ בו ק׳ למות וכ׳ he of whom the expression ‘come near to die’ is used, has not reached the age of his fathers; דוד כתיב בו ק׳ וכ׳ of David the expression קרב is used (I Kings 2, 1) etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Kings 168. Sanhedrin 3ᵇ (referring to Exodus 22, 7 ונקרב) משעת ק׳ שלשה from the time of the approach (before court) there must be three judges. Bereshith Rabbah section 71 בזה ק׳ ובזה ק׳ coming near is mentioned in connection with the tribe of Judah (Psalms 65, 5) and with the priestly tribe (Exodus 28, . Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, 25ᵃ מכיון דכתיב ק׳ ק׳ וכ׳ since with regard to illicit connections the word קרב is used etc. Shabbath 104ᵇ מחוסר ק׳, מחוסר מעשה דק׳ it lacks being brought together (joined into one word); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 2, 46ᵈ ק׳ פרישה the root קרב may also mean separation (coming near one’s self, referring to Isaiah 65, 5).—plural קְרֵיבוֹת. Pesachim 118ᵇ (referring to Psalms 68, 31) מי גרם … ק׳ שהיו חפצין בהן what caused the dispersion of Israel among the nations? The approaches (to the nations) which they desired; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 800 קְרֵבוֹת (or קְרָבוֹת). Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵃ top, see קָרוֹב I. ↗ original

קָרִיבוֹי , see קָרוֹב 2 ↗ original

קְרֵיבוּת (קָרֵב) friendship, relationship. Shemoth Rabbah section 5, and elsewhere, see נְשִׁיקָה. ↗ original

קְרֵיבוּתָא feminine = קְרֵיבָה. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 31, 14. ↗ original

קָרִיד (קרד; compare גְּרִיד) (a pot) covered with a crust formed of hardened sediments. Avodah Zarah 76ᵃ האי ק׳ והאי לא ק׳ (Munich manuscript קריר, compare גָּרַד a. גָּרַר) the one (a vessel taken from gentiles) has crusty accretions, the other (a sacred vessel) has none. ↗ original

קִרְיָה 1 a. 2) town, settlement, fort. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Naḥman) (referring to Isaiah 29, 1) ק׳ שחנה וכ׳ the town in which David put up his camp; ק׳ דלא חניא וכ׳ the place where etc., see חַנְיָא. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ שעשה וכ׳, see קְסִרְקִיטוֹן; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 302. Tanchuma K’dosh. 9 מעשה היה בקִרְיָתֵנוּ it happened in our place; Vayikra Rabbah section 24, beginning בקרתני (correct accordingly; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 680 בעירנו).—plural קִרְיוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 18ᶜ bottom of the page מעשה … ק׳ וכ׳ it happened with (representatives of) 24 townships belonging to the house of Rabbi, that they were assembled to proclaim an intercalation at Lydda.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 9, 17ᵃ קריות, read קרנות, see קָרוֹן.] ↗ original

קִרְיָה 2 (= קִרְיָאָה, see קוּרְיָיאָה a. קִרְיָיא)townsman, villager. Bereshith Rabbah section 18 (referring to Genesis 2, 22) טבוי לק׳ דמלכא שושביניה lucky is the townsman whose groomsman is the king (‘Rashi’ טבות לקרתא דמלכא שושבינה); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 24 טובוי לקי׳. ↗ original

קְרִיָּה , see קְרִיאָה ↗ original

קריוניוס , see קִרְיָינוֹס ↗ original

קִרְיוֹסִי , see קִירְיוֹסִי ↗ original

קִרְיוּתָא = Hebrew קָרֶה or קֶרִי, accident; קִרְיוּת הִרְהוּר effusio seminis in consequence of heated fancy or dream. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 23, 11. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 49, 3. ↗ original

קְרֵיחַ , see קֵרֵחַ Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original

קְרִיחָה (קָרַח) making bald, baldness. Sifra Emor Parah 1, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 1, see קָרְחָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 20, end, 17ᵈ, see קְרַח I.—plural קְרִיחוֹת. Makkoth 20ᵃ, see קָרַח. ↗ original

קַרַיי , see קרָיָיא ↗ original

קִרְיָיא = Hebrew קִרְיָה, town, settlement, village. Targum 2 Esther 4, 1. the same place (ibid.) 9, 28. Targum Proverbs 18, 19; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ top הוה עייל ק׳ ונפיק ק׳ (not ונפקא) he went from place to place; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 6 הוה עליל לק׳ ונפיק לק׳. the same place (ibid.) to 5, 14 למזבן עיבור מן ק׳ to buy up the grain of the place; and elsewhere—plural קִרְיָין, קוּ׳, קִרְיָיתָא קוֹ׳, קִרְיָתָא, קִי׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 35, 2 (not קִרְיָת). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) 7; 8; and frequently—Constr. קוּרְיֵי, קוֹ׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) 32, 26; 33; 36; and elsewhere, see קִרְוָא.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 1, 76ᶜ ר׳ יודה … בק׳ דארעא וכ׳ R. Judah, the Nasi sent forth … to visit the small places of Palestine and arrange for them primary teachers etc.; Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Abba 2). Sukkah 44ᵇ ק׳ אית לי I own villages (or singular). the same place (ibid.) בני ק׳ the villagers. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 2, 49ᵈ דנפקין וסחרין … קוריין וכ׳ who go out trading in four or five places (during the day) and sleep in their own homes; and elsewhere ↗ original

קַרָיָיא = קַרָא Biblical scholar, Bible teacher. Vayikra Rabbah section 30 ק׳ ותניי וכ׳ a Biblical scholar, a Mishnah student, poet, and preacher (see קָרוֹב 2); Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 6 קְרָאוֹי ותנויי; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Ul’kaḥ. p. 179ᵃ קָרוֹי ותנוי. ↗ original

קַרְיָיא common gender = קְרָא, Scriptures; Bible verse. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 74ᵈ bottom of the page יכיל … ק׳ מן פומי I can write the entire Scriptures from memory; יכיל … ק׳ בתרין מניי I can write the whole Bible at a cost of two Manehs; וכתב כל ק׳ על וכ׳ and wrote the whole Bible on their hides. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᵈ bottom of the page כמא דאישתעי ק׳ כך וכ׳ the phraseology of the Bible must be adopted in Talmudic diction; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 8, 25ᶜ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᵈ bottom of the page שמע … מן הדין ק׳ understood (derived) all this from the following verse. Vayikra Rabbah section 22 אי מן הדא ק׳ לית וכ׳ if you mean to prove from this verse, you cannot derive from it anything; and very frequently—plural קָרַיָּיא (see קְרָא 2), קַרְיָין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᵇ הא רב"ה מקיימין תרין ק׳ (not מקימון) with this interpretation of Beth Hillel the two texts are harmonized. Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 14 היאך מרי … אילין ק׳ וכ׳ how do you explain these verses?, and he delivered them to him; ואילין ק׳ מקרי ליה (not מקרתן) and these are the verses he interpreted to him. Vayikra Rabbah the passage cited אית ליה ק׳ סגיין he has many Biblical verses to prove his opinion; and frequently ↗ original

קְרִיָּיה , see קְרִיאָה ↗ original

קַרְיָיה , see קַרְיָיא ↗ original

קִרְיָיה , see קִרְיָה ↗ original

קרייון , see קְרַמְיוֹן ↗ original

קַרְיָין , plural of קַרְיָיא.—[Targum 2 Esther 6, 10, see קְרַק.] ↗ original

קַרְיָינָא (קְרֵי 1) one able to read in the Bible. Kiddushin 49ᵃ על מנת שאני ק׳ כיון וכ׳ if one betrothes a woman with the condition ‘that I am a ḳaryana’, she is betrothed as soon as he can read three verses in the synagogue. the same place (ibid.) והני מילי דאמר ק׳ וכ׳ this is the case only when he says ḳaryana, but if he says ḳara etc., see קַרָא. one who dictates a letter. Sanhedrin 82ᵃ, and frequently, see פַּרְוַונְקָא. ↗ original

קִרְיָינוֹס K’far Ḳiryanos (probably = קַרְנַיִם, see Grætz, Gesch. d. Judges 2, 2, p. 456). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 66ᵃ; Vayikra Rabbah section 17; Pesikta Rabbati section 17 כ׳ קרנים; Ruth Rabbah to 1, 5 קִרְיָנוֹס. Esther Rabbah to 6, 10 כ׳ קריוניוס (correct accordingly); Megillah 16ᵃ קרינוס Munich manuscript (edition קרצום, correct accordingly); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Haʿomer, p. 72ᵇ; Vayikra Rabbah section 28; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 643 קריטם (correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1058 קורינוס (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קריית , Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 2, 13ᵇ bottom of the page מכוח ק׳, probably to be read: מכוח קְרָנוֹת from the shock of passing vehicles. ↗ original

קִרְיְיתָא , see קִרְיָיא ↗ original

קְרִימָה (קָרַם) formation of a light crust on dough in baking. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 2, beginning 58ᵇ; the same place (ibid.) 3, 59ᵇ top of the page ↗ original

קרימיון , see קְרַמְיוֹן ↗ original

קַרְיָנָא , see קַרְיָינָא ↗ original

קְרִינָא (κάρινον, κάρυνον, carenum; compare, however, Assyr. karanûv, Schrader KAT², p. 560, kurunnu, Delitzsch, Friedrich Assyr. Handw., p. 355) name of a sweet wine. Avodah Zarah 30ᵃ ק׳ חמרא חליא וכ׳ ḳ’rina is a sweet (weak) wine that comes from ʿAsia (see עַסְיָא); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 41ᵃ ↗ original

קְרִינוֹן (κρίνον) (white) lily. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, end, 30ᵃ (not קרינטון), explained שושנת המלך, see שׁוֹשַׁנָּה (see Löw, Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 380). ↗ original

קִרְיָנוֹס , see קִרְיָינוֹס ↗ original

קרינטון , see קְרִינוֹן ↗ original

קרינין , Shemoth Rabbah section 36, see קֵרְיוֹן ↗ original

קריסטאלי , Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1046, a gloss to זכוכית, crystal. ↗ original

קריסטור , see קְוִיסְטוֹר ↗ original

קְרִיסְטַמְלִין , see קְרוּסְטְמִיל ↗ original

קְרִיסְפָּא Ḳ’rispa, see כְּרִיסְפָּא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᵈ (variant reading קְרִיסְפְּדַאי). Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 57ᵃ bot קרוס׳ edition Krot. the same place (ibid.) 2, 58ᵇ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 18ᶜ bottom of the page קְרִיסְפְּדָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 7, 50ᶜ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 1, 2ᶜ top קְרִיסְפִּי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 3, 21ᵇ bottom of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, end, 83ᵈ קְרוּסְפִּי. ↗ original

קְרִיסְפְּדָא , see the preceding ↗ original

קְרִיעָה (קָרַע) rending, tearing. Yoma 80ᵃ בן … טעון ק׳ an animal taken alive out of the slaughtered mother’s womb (see פְּקוּעָה) requires ripping (to let the blood escape). Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 1, 76ᵃ ק׳ היא שגרמה the operation (on the טוּמְטוֹם) caused him to be legally recognized as a male. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᵈ bottom of the page, and frequently קְרִיעַת ים סוף the division of the Red Sea for the passage of the Israelites; and frequently—Esp. the rending of the garment in mourning. M. K. 22ᵇ כל ק׳ שאינו מבדיל וכ׳ a rending whereby one fails to sever the border (see קָמָה) is a meaningless act; and frequently—plural קְרִיעוֹת. the same place (ibid.) 26ᵃ חייב לקרוע שתי ק׳ must make two rents; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְרִיץ (קרץ; compare קְרַע) [breaking through,] dawn, early morning. Targum Job 38, 12 (some edition קריצתא, קרצתא, correct accordingly). Targum Psalms 57, 9; and frequently—5. קְרִיצְתָּא. ↗ original

קְרִיצָה (קָרַץ) compressing the lips, gesture of anger, scorn etc.—plural קְרִיצוֹת. Yevamoth 108ᵇ מכרת ברמיזותיו וקְרִיצוֹתָיו she is familiar with his hints and gestures (by which she may be influenced). the same place (ibid.) קְרִיצוֹתֵיהֶם ורמיזותיהם their gestures and hints. ↗ original

קְרִיצְתָּא feminine = קְרִיץ. Targum Psalms 22, 1. the same place (ibid.) 50, 12. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 14, 44; and elsewhere—[Targum Job 38, 12, see קְרִיץ.]—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᶜ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, beginning 40ᵇ; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 10 בק׳ at day-break. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 5, 63ᵃ bottom of the page בק׳ דשובתא early on a Sabbath morning; and elsewhere ↗ original

קריקם , see קוֹלְקָס ↗ original

קָרִיר 1 crusty, see קָרִיד. ↗ original

קָרִיר 2 (קְרַר 2) cool, cold. Targum Nahum, Book of 3, 17.—Bereshith Rabbah section 48 בארבע … טולא ק׳ וכ׳ at four hours of the day the shade is cool, and the sun hot. Shabbath 53ᵃ (proverb) חמרא … ק׳ ליה the ass feels cold even at the solstice of Tammuz. Bava Bathra 24ᵇ, and elsewhere ולא ק׳, see חַמִּים. Bereshith Rabbah section 99, see עִילִיתָא 2; and elsewhere—[Zevachim 79ᵇ; 98ᵃ, see קְדַר I.]—plural קָרִירֵי. Targum Proverbs 25, 25.—Niddah 36ᵇ עיילוה … אפקוה מק׳ they got him hot to relieve him from chills; עיילוה בק׳ וכ׳ they got him cold to relieve him from fever. Avodah Zarah 28ᵃ מק׳ ק׳ דחיטי from eating very cold wheat dishes; and elsewhere—Esp. קרירי (מיא) cold water. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ לא ק׳ וכ׳ neither cold nor hot, but tepid. Chullin 46ᵇ, see טְרַשׁ I. Shabbath 55ᵃ, see חַמִּים; and frequently (compare קוֹרָה I) satisfaction, pleasure. Bereshith Rabbah section 47 לא תמלי … קריר וכ׳ fill not my spirit with too much pleasure (awaken not in me too high aspirations), Oh that thou wouldst not withdraw from me the present grant!; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 82. ↗ original

קְרִירוּתָא (the preceding) cold. Targum Proverbs 25, 13. ↗ original

קרירטין , see קרורטין ↗ original

קַרִישׁ (קְרַשׁ) congealed, hard, frozen. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 11, 7 (not קדיש).—Chullin 120ᵃ, see חָלָא 3.—plural קַרִישִׁין; קַרִישָׁן. Targum Job 38, 30 (manuscript קְרִי׳). ↗ original

קְרִישָׁא , see קְרוּשָׁא ↗ original

קִרְיְתָא , see קִרְיָיא ↗ original

*קְרִיתָא (קרי, see קָרָה 2) a covered arched vehicle. Kethuboth 17ᵇ, see, however, הֵינוּמָא. ↗ original

קָרַם (Biblical Hebrew) [to contract, join,] to form a skin, cover. Tosefta T’bul Yom 2, 10 חוט … שק׳ על וכ׳ if the film of an egg floated on the top of a pot; T’bul Yom 3, 3. T’bul Yom 3, 3. the same place (ibid.) קטניות שקָרְמוּ על וכ׳ cooked peas which formed a skin on the rim of a pot. Berachoth 25ᵃ כיון שקרמו פניה when its surface formed a crust. Menachoth 7, 3 (78ᵇ) עד שלא קרמו בתנור (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 90) before the loaves had formed a slight crust in the oven. Shabbath 1, 10 כדי שיִקְרְמוּ פניה וכ׳ in time for the cake to form a crust on the surface etc.; שיִקְרוֹם התחתון וכ׳ for the bottom to form a crust; and frequently—participle passive קָרוּם. Chullin 49ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 9, 14, see תּוֹתָב. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְרִים same. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 10, 47ᵇ bottom of the page בצים שהִקְרִימוּ (abortive) eggs which have formed a membrane. Berachoth 40ᵇ; Bava Bathra 95ᵇ היין שה׳ wine which has formed a film; see קָרַס ↗ original

קְרַם , to form a skin; to cover, overlay. Targum Proverbs 7, 16 ובקרמא מצראה קְרִמְתָּהּ edition Lagarde edition (edition incorr.) and I covered it with Egyptian (fine) cloth.—participle passive קְרִים. the same place (ibid.) 26, 23 (some edition קריס, correct accordingly; Hebrew text מצפה).—[Targum Job 6, 12, see קְרַס.] Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְרִים (of wine) to form a film. Avodah Zarah 30ᵃ bottom of the page (edd. Const. a. Venice דאקריס); Bava Bathra 95ᵇ; see קְרַס. ↗ original

קֶרֶם (the preceding) fine cloth, gauze, hanging.—plural קְרָמִים, קְרָמִין. Sukkah 10ᵃ; Shabbath 22ᵃ; 45ᵃ; Betzah 30ᵇ ↗ original

קְרָמָא = Hebrew קְרוּם, skin, membrane. Chullin 45ᵃ ק׳ עילאה the upper (outer) membrane of the brain; ק׳ תיתאה the lower (inner) membrane. the same place (ibid.) 46ᵃ ק׳ עילאה וכ׳ the outer membrane of the lungs etc.; and elsewhere fine cloth, see next word ↗ original

קִרְמָא = Hebrew קֶרֶם, fine cloth, hanging. Targum Proverbs 7, 16 (some edition קְרָמָא), see קְרַם.—plural קִרְמֵי, קִי׳. Moed Katan 10ᵇ, see כַּסְכֵּס.—[Eruvin 22ᵃ, see קוּרָמֵי.] ↗ original

קרמודין , see קַרְמִיד ↗ original

קַרְמוּלִין (enlargement of קרם; compare כְּרוּם a. כַּרְכּוֹם I) [green or yellow plants,] ḳarmulin, name of a sort of gourd, the leaves of which are eatable. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, end, 34ᵇ ק׳ פטורין וכ׳ ḳ. are exempt from tithes, … as long as they have not formed gourds; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 7, beginning 40ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) קִירְמוֹלִין. Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 19 קְרוּמְנִין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קרמלוס, קְרוּמְלִים). Tosefta Nega'im 1, 5 (explained ירקרק) כשעוה וכקוּרְמָל edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading וכקוּרְמָן; Rabbenu Shimshon to Nega'im 11, 4 וכקורמין) of the color of wax or of ḳ., see כַּרְמֶל. ↗ original

קַרְמִיד (κεραμίς, -ίδος) roof-tile. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᵇ top כדי שיודחו פני הק׳ (not שידוחו) so that the surface of the roof-tiles appears washed (by the rain); Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵈ bottom of the page שיודחו פניה (correct accordingly); Bereshith Rabbah section 13 (not שידחו).—plural קִרְמִידִים, קִרְמִידִין. Sifra M’tsorʿa, Parah 6, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4 יכול אפי׳ ק׳ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קרומדים, correct accordingly) lest you think that you may use also tiles or bricks. Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 2, 3 הסילונות והקרמודין וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (other edition קרמיון, correct accordingly) gutters or tiles in which etc. ↗ original

קְרַמְיוֹן river, Ḳ’ramyon, probably a tributary of the Jordan. Parah 8, 10; Sanhedrin 5ᵇ (Munich manuscript קרימ׳). Bava Bathra 74ᵇ (Munich manuscript קור׳; Oxford manuscript קירמון; Manuscript Hamburg קדרון); Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 24 קירמ׳ edition Buber edition (other edition קרייון, correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 697.—[Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 2, 3, see the preceding] ↗ original

קַרְמִינָאֵי , see קַרְמְנָאֵי ↗ original

קַרְמִית (from its color; compare קַרְמוּלִין) cow-wheat (Melampyron) of which a coarse bread is made. Tosefta Challah 1, 1 אף הק׳ חייבת וכ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) קרומית) ḳ. is also subject to the priest’s gift; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, beginning 57ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 2, 29ᵇ top; Babylonian Pesachim 35ᵃ, explained שיצניתא דמשתכחא וכ׳ a weed found among Papaver Spinosum. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) I (2), 29 אף הק׳ יוצא וכ׳ one may comply with the duty of eating matsah (on the first night of Passover) by eating bread made of ḳ.—5. קוּרָמֵי. ↗ original

קַרְמְנָאֵי Carmanians, inhabitants of Carmania, a province of the ancient Persian empire, with the capital Carmana; [other opinion (from קִרְמָא) sellers of linen garments; compare, however, meanings of טַרְסִי I, 2]. Shabbath 138ᵃ בדק׳ Oxford manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כדק׳; Munich manuscript בדקמינאי) it refers to a folding bed or frame (like that) used by the Carmanians (to exhibit their wares). Nazir 31ᵇ תורא דקרמנאי an ox of the Carmanians (good for ploughing); the same place (ibid.) דקרמינ׳.—Bava Kamma 21ᵃ מעיקרא ק׳ וכ׳ originally Carmanians had been living on the abandoned property belonging to the orphans, and had been paying a nominal rent; [Munich manuscript קַדְמָאֵי, Manuscript Rome a. version in Raschi קַדְמוֹנָאֵי old settlers or nomads = בני קדם]. ↗ original

קְרִמְתָּא , Targum Proverbs 7, 16, see קְרַם. ↗ original

קָרַן to emit horns or rays. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְרִין to be horned. Chullin 60ᵃ (referring to Psalms 69, 32) מַקְרִין ברישא והדר מפריס first it got horns and then hoofs; see מַקְרִין 2.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 3, 58ᵈ top (strike out מקרן כתיב). ↗ original

קְרַן 1 (compare Arab. ḳaran junxit etc.) to join, harness, put to. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵃ ק׳ זבונה וכ׳ the trader put the beasts to and went off; [variant reading קרץ, see קְרַץ 2]. ↗ original

קֶרֶן common gender (Biblical Hebrew; see the preceding) [joint, attachment; roundness, fulness,] horn. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 1, 19ᵇ bottom of the page זכרותו של ק׳, see זַכְרוּת. Rosh Hashanah 3, 2 כל השופרות … ק׳ all shofars (horns) are fit for use on the New Year’s day, except that of a cow, because it is called ḳeren (and not shofar); והלא כל … ק׳ do not all shofars also go by the name of ḳeren? the same place (ibid.) 26ᵃ; and very frequently—Kethuboth 13, 2, see צְבִי.—Esp. (supply (understood word) נזק) damage done by an animal’s horn, goring. Bava Kamma 2ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 4ᵃ; and frequently—Transferred horn, trump, wind instrument. Kelim 11, 7 ק׳ עגולה a round (wound) metal horn; contradistinguished to פשוטה a plain (straight) horn; Shabbath 47ᵃ; and frequently—Dual קַרְנַיִם, קַרְנַיִים, קַרְנַיִין; plural קְרָנִים, קְרָנִין, קְרָנוֹת. Tosefta Parah 2 (1), 2; Bechoroth 44ᵃ. Parah 2, 2 פרה שקַרְנֶיהָ וכ׳ a red cow whose horns and hoofs are black; Bechoroth the passage cited שקרנים וכ׳ (correct accordingly). Chullin 60ᵃ, and elsewhere שור … קְרָנָיו קודמות וכ׳ the ox which Adam sacrificed was born with his horns (full grown) in advance of his hoofs. Parah 12, 9 ק׳ של יוצאי דרכים the travellers’ drinking horns. Bereshith Rabbah section 99 אלו תוקעי ק׳ וכ׳ these (the Levites) blow horns, and those (the Greeks) blow trumpets. the same place (ibid.) זה בעל ק׳ וזה בעל ק׳ this one (Joseph) is described as endowed with horns (power, Deuteronomy 33, 17), and that one (Rome) is etc. (Daniel 7, 24). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵃ top כקַרְנֵי וכ׳, see כִּילּוּיָא. the same place (ibid.); Yoma 77ᵇ קרני חגבים the antennæ of locusts; and frequently any projection, point; a) beam, ray. —Pl. as ab. Shemoth Rabbah section 47; Tanchuma Ki Thissa 37 קרני ההוד the beams of glory, halo; and elsewhere—b) projecting staff or handle. Parah 12, 9, see כְּלִיבָה. Echah Rabbah to 1, 16 [read:] קרן גלוסקאן זו this point of the roll of white bread; and elsewhere—c) (with זוית or without) corner, see זָוִית. Berachoth 17ᵃ שתעמידנו בק׳ אורה … בק׳ חשכה that thou place us in the corner of light (position of honor), and not in the corner of obscurity. Menachoth 42ᵃ הטיל על הק׳ if one attaches the show-fringes exactly in the corner; and frequently—plural as ab. Chullin 31ᵃ, see אִיזְמֵל. Makkoth 12ᵃ תפש בקַרְנוֹתָיו took hold of the projections of the altar; and frequently—יושבי קרנות those seated at street corners, see יָשַׁב.—[Bereshith Rabbah section 75, see יָשַׁב a. קָרוֹן.] (compare כְּרַן) fulness, essence. Niddah 2, 6, see כַּרְכּוֹם I.—Esp. principal, capital. Bava Kamma 9, 7 משלם ק׳ וחומש וכ׳ must pay the principal (the full value of the stolen goods) and the fine of one-fifth, and bring a guilt-offering; and very frequently—Transferred the capital of reward or punishment laid aside for the hereafter. Peah 1, 1; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 2, and the following, see פֶּרִי; and frequently—[ק׳ אפל, see אָפִל 2.] ↗ original

קְרַן 2 horn; in a transferred sense strength; beam, ray. Targum Joshua 6, 5. Targum I Samuel 16, 1. Targum Psalms 89, 18. Targum Job 42, 14; and frequently—Bava Bathra 16ᵇ, see קֶרֶשׁ 2. Berachoth 62ᵇ (proverb) ק׳ קריא ברומי וכ׳ when the horn calls in (the market of) Rome, son of a trader in figs, sell thy father’s figs (wait not for thy father’s return, if he is absent). Makkoth 16ᵇ, and elsewhere ק׳ דאומנא the surgeon’s horn (in which he receives the blood); and frequently—plural קרְנִין, קַרְנֵי. Targum I Kings 22, 11. Targum Psalms 69, 32 (see Chullin 60ᵃ, quoted in the preceding); and frequently—Shabbath 154ᵇ ק׳ דאומנא, see above. the same place (ibid.) 129ᵇ מאה ק׳ בזוזא וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Oxford manuscript (edition קרי, see Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage)) a hundred horns (hundred blood-lettings) for a Zuz, a hundred heads (hair-cuttings) for a Zuz, a hundred lips (trimmings of mustaches) for nothing. Bava Bathra 74ᵃ; and frequently projection; corner. Targum Proverbs 21, 9; and elsewhere—Kethuboth 111ᵃ וקרו לה ק׳ וכ׳ (not ליה) and they shall call it (Babylonia) the corner of salvation. Bava Kamma 27ᵇ, see עַצְרָא. Menachoth 34ᵃ פיתחא דאַקַּ׳ a door at the corner (having only one post); and elsewhere—plural קַרְנִין, קַרְנָתָא, קַרְנָאתָא; construct state קַרְנַת. Targum Exodus 29, 12. the same place (ibid.) 30, 10. Targum Psalms 69, 13; and elsewhere—Bava Bathra 95ᵇ דמיזדבין אק׳ which is sold at the street-corners. Pesachim 12ᵇ שית יומא בי ק׳ קאי (not בק׳) at six hours (at noon) the sun stands between the corners (of the globe, equally distant from east and west etc.). essence, see כְּרֵן. principal, stock. Bava Metzia 79ᵃ; Bava Kamma 3ᵃ, see כְּלֵי I. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 2, 81ᵇ top אגרא וק׳ קרן הוא וכ׳ the expected profit and the principal (cost price) are together considered as principal etc.; and elsewhere—[קרנא זול, see קַרְנָזוֹל.] ↗ original

קַרְנָא 2 Ḳarna. Shabbath 108ᵃ. Bava Bathra 89ᵃ ↗ original

קַרְנָדוֹל , see קַרְנָזוֹל ↗ original

קַרְנוּנָא (a fictitious denomin. of קרנא) [horned, stupid,] Ḳarnuna. Kiddushin 25ᵃ לאו המנונא אלא ק׳ thy name ought not to be Hamnuna, but Ḳarnuna; [other interpret. = יושב קרנות sitting at the corners, idler; other = קר נונא cold fish, opposite to הם נונא (= חם) hot fish]. ↗ original

קַרְנַיִם K’far Ḳarnayim, near Bethshean. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 22ᵈ top of the page ↗ original

קְרָנִית , plural קְרָנִיּוֹת, see קָרוֹן. ↗ original

קַרְנַת , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 21, 15 (Levita קרנתא), a corruption of קִרְוָוא 2. ↗ original

קָרַס (Biblical Hebrew) to curve, contract, shrink. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְרַס to warp; to crack from contraction. Bereshith Rabbah section 12, end אם אני נותן … הם נִקְרָסִין Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition מַקְרִיסִין Hif'il) if I put hot water into them, they will burst; if cold, they will crack. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְרִיס same, see above.—2) (of wine) to become sourish. Berachoth 40ᵇ היין שה׳ Manuscript Florence a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition שהִקְרִים); Bava Bathra 95ᵇ Manuscript Hamburg (edition שהקרים), see קָרַם. ↗ original

קְרַס ; participle pass. קְרִיס shrunk, dense. Targum Job 6, 12 edition Lagarde edition (other edition קרים, correct accordingly). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְרֵיס , or Ithpeel אִקְּרִיס to become sourish. Avodah Zarah 30ᵃ bottom of the page דאקריס Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. edition Cost. a. Vienna edition (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 1; edition דאקרים); Bava Bathra 95ᵇ דאיקריס Manuscript Hamburg (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8; edition דאקרים), see קְרַם. ↗ original

קֶרֶס hook, clasp. plural קְרָסִים. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 5ᵃ היו קַרְסֵי זהב וכ׳ the golden clasps were seen in the Tabernacle as stars are seen in the sky; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 11; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 72ᶜ and the following; Shabbath 99ᵇ top; and elsewhere ↗ original

קַרְסוֹל bent, joint, ankle. Oholoth 1, 8 עשרה בק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בקוּרְסֵל) ten joints are in the ankle.—Dual קַרְסוּלַּיִם; plural קַרְסוּלִּים, קַרְסוּלִּין. Tosefta Chullin 3 (4), 25 כל שיש לו ארבע … וק׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) וקרסוליו, read: לין …) locusts which have four wings and jointed legs (hindlegs for leaping); Chullin 3, 7 (Babylonian edition 59ᵃ קרצ׳; Munich manuscript קרסולין, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note); the same place (ibid.) 65ᵇ Manuscript Rome 2 a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קרצ׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 9). Tosefta Sukkah 3, 3 (referring to אפסים, Ezekiel 47, 3) עד קַרְצוּלָּיו edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading קרס׳) up to the ankles; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵃ top עד קַרְסוּלָּה (Chaldaic (Aramaic)). Bereshith Rabbah section 32 אלולי … קַרְסוּלָּיו וכ׳ but for the water coming up to his ankles, he would not have gone into the ark. Kethuboth 111ᵇ והלכתי עד קַרְסוּלַּי וכ׳ I waded up to my ankles in honey that had dropped from dates. Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 5 החגב אלו קרסוליו ‘the hagab’ (locust, the same place (ibid.)), that is his ankles (legs, see above); Vayikra Rabbah section 18 השקד אילין קַרְסוּלּוֹת (correct accordingly). ↗ original

קַרְסוּלָּא 1 Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 21, 35 בקַרְסוּלֵּיה (not בקרסולי).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵃ top, see the preceding Bava Bathra 73ᵇ ההוא … עד קרסוליה Oxford manuscript (edition קַרְצוּלֵּיה) a bird standing in water up to its ankles. Berachoth 54ᵇ ומחייה בקרסוליה and he (Moses) struck him (Og) on his ankle; and elsewhere—plural קַרְסוּלִּין. Targum Leviticus 11, 21 (leaping legs; Hebrew text כרעים). Targum Ezekiel 47, 3 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. edition Lagarde edition קרצ׳). Targum Psalms 50, 11 manuscript (edition קרצ׳). ↗ original

קַרְסוּלָּא 2 , plural קַרְסוּלִּין (compare קֶרֶס) nettles. Targum Isaiah 34, 13; Targum Hosea 9, 6 (Hebrew text קימוש). ↗ original

קִרְסוּם , see קִירְסוּם ↗ original

קִרְסוּף , see קִירְצוּף ↗ original

קרסטילין , see קְרַסְטְלִין ↗ original

קְרַסְטָל (a corruption of κάρταλος, see טְרַסְקָל) basket. Shabbath 53ᵃ Oxford manuscript, see טְרַסְקָל. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 11, and elsewhere—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 10, 12ᶜ bottom of the page עד שיטלנו בק׳, a corruption; Babylonian Shabbath 94ᵇ בכלי.] ↗ original

קְרַסְטְלִין same. Tosefta Shabbath 4 (5), 5, see טְרַסְקְלִין. Tosefta Bava Metzia 8, 10 (variant reading קרצט׳); Bava Metzia 90ᵃ קרסטילין Munich manuscript (other mss. קרסטל׳, קסרטל, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note), see טְרַסְקְלִין. ↗ original

קרסיות , see קִירְיוֹסִים ↗ original

קִרְסִין , see קֵירָס.—[Bereshith Rabbah section 58, see קְלִירוֹס.] ↗ original

קִרְסֵם כִּרְסֵם; Parel of קָסַם) to cut, trim. Shabbath 12, 2 המְקַרְסֵם he that trims trees. Shevi'ith 2, 3 מְקַרְסְמִין וכ׳ you may trim trees etc.; [Maimonides cut the earsoff, leaving the halms stand]. Avodah Zarah 3, 10; and frequently (of insects) to nibble, bite off. Peah 2, 7 קִרְסְמוּהָ נמלים a field the grain of which ants have bitten off (at the roots); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 8. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַרְסֵם to be chopped, cut up (compare קִיסָּם). Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 1, 9 השלחן … שנִתְקַרְסְמוּ (variant reading שנִתְקַסְּמוּ) a table … which have been cut up (Kelim 22, 1 שנפחתו). ↗ original

קַרְסֵם , bite, nibble. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 28, 38 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 יקרסום, correct accordingly; Hebrew text יחסל׳). ↗ original

קִרְסֵף , see קִרְצֵף, קַרְצֵף. ↗ original

קָרַע (Biblical Hebrew) to tear, split; especially to rend the garment in mourning. Kelim 16, 5 עד שיִקְרְעֶנּוּ (Mishnah edition שיַקְרִיעֶנּוּ Hif'il) until he tears the bale open. Moed Katan 22ᵇ על כל … אינו קוֹרֵעַ אלא עליון for all dead (except parents) … one must rend only the upper garment. the same place (ibid.) האשה קוֹרַעַת וכ׳ a woman (mourning for her parents) rends the lower garment and puts it back in its place, and then rends the upper garment. Sanhedrin 60ᵃ אחד השומע … חייב לִקְרוֹעַ both he that hears a blasphemy directly, and he that hears it from one that heard it (and reports as witness before court) must rend his garment; and very frequently—participle passive קָרוּעַ; plural קְרוּעִים, קְרוּעִין. Moed Katan 26ᵇ היוצא בבגד ק׳ וכ׳ he that marches before a corpse with a garment rent (for a previous case) robs (deceives) the dead and the living. the same place (ibid.)ᵃ (referring to 2 Kings 2, 12) ק׳ ועומדים לשנים remaining always rent in two; the same place (ibid.) 22ᵇ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 4); Sanhedrin the passage cited; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל קֵרֵעַ same. Moed Katan 26ᵇ ואין מְקָרְעִין בפניו you must not rend your garment in his (the sick man’s) presence. the same place (ibid.) מקרעין לקטן וכ׳ we rend a minor’s garment in order to make him feel sad; the same place (ibid.) 14ᵇ. Rosh Hashanah 16ᵇ ארבעה … מקרעין גזר וכ׳ four things cause an evil decree passed on man to be torn (cancelled), they are: charity, prayer etc.; and frequently (compare גָּרַע) to scrape, to mark the outlines of letters by abrasion. Gittin 19ᵇ עדים … מקרעין להם וכ׳ for witnesses that know not how to sign their names, grooves are made on blank paper, and they fill the grooves out with ink; the same place (ibid.) 9ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 44ᵇ top ומְקָרֵעַ; [Tosafoth to Gittin 9ᵇ: you cut the names out on blank paper and put it on the document, and the witnesses fill the cuts out]. Tosefta Shabbath 11 (12), 8, contradistinguished frequently רשם; and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְרַע to be torn; to be cut open, be operated upon by a section. Yevamoth 8, 6, and elsewhere טומטום שנ׳, see טוּמְטוּם. Bechoroth 42ᵇ שמא יִקָּרֵעַ וכ׳ he may have an operation performed, and be found a eunuch; Tosefta Yevamoth 11, 1; Yevamoth 83ᵇ. Bava Bathra 168ᵇ נ׳ פסול נִתְקָרֵעַ כשר if a document is found torn, it is invalid; if it appears torn by accident, it is valid as evidence; the same place (ibid.) נ׳ קֶרַע של בית דין נתק׳ וכ׳ miḳrʿa refers to the rent as made in court for cancellation, nithḳareʿa refers to a rent different from the manner customary in court; Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 2, 44ᵇ; and elsewhere Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקָרֵעַ to become torn, see above. ↗ original

קְרַע Moed Katan 20ᵇ אמימר … ק׳ עילויה when Amemar’s grandson died, he rent his garment for him. Kethuboth 104ᵃ קַרְעִיה וכ׳, see קִרְעָא; and elsewhere Pa'el פִּעֵל קָרַע same. Targum Psalms 35, 15 manuscript (edition בזע).—participle passive מְקָרַע. Berachoth 58ᵇ, see וִילוֹן Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיקְּרַע to be torn, cut open. Bechoroth 42ᵇ אטו כל דמִיקְּרַע וכ׳ is every ṭumṭum that is operated upon found to be a male?; Yevamoth 83ᵇ ↗ original

קֶרַע the preceding) rent; piece. Bava Bathra 168ᵇ ק׳ של בית דין, see קָרַע; Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 2, 44ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) איזהו ק׳ … בין כתב לעדים which is a rent made in court? A cut between the writing and the signatures of the witnesses; (different in Bava Bathra the passage cited); and elsewhere—Esp. the rent in the garment as a symbol of mourning. Moed Katan 24ᵃ כל ק׳ שאינו … אינו ק׳ a rent not made at the moment of excitement (see חִימּוּם) is no rent (has no symbolical meaning); Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 2, end, 8ᵈ, see בֶּהָלָה. Moed Katan 22ᵇ, see קְרִיעָה; and frequently—plural קְרָעִים, קְרָעִין. the same place (ibid.) 26ᵃ ואלו ק׳ שאין וכ׳ and these are the rents which must never be stitched together. Sifra Thazr. Parah 5, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 16 (referring to Leviticus 13, 57) לימד על כל הק׳ וכ׳ this shows that all the torn-off pieces must be burnt. Sanhedrin 60ᵃ נתמלא כל הבגד ק׳ one’s entire garment might soon be full of rents. Tosefta Bava Kamma 3, 2 לא יאמר … ואת הק׳ וכ׳ the injured person cannot say, take thou … the pieces (the torn garment) and restore to me a cloak; and frequently the groove made by marking the outlines of letters. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 3, 44ᵇ מרחיב בפניהן את הק׳ (in the case of witnesses that know not how to sign their names) one must make wide grooves for them (so as to leave room for individual characters in filling out the outlines).—plural as ab. Babylonian Gittin 19ᵇ, see קָרַע. ↗ original

קֶרַע ² Kethuboth 104ᵃ קַרְעֵיה … לקִרְעֵיה וכ׳ he rent his garment (at Rabbi’s death), and turned the rent inside (to hide it); and elsewhere—plural קְרָעִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ top וקרעון ואזל קלא דקרעין וכ׳ (not דקרעון) they rent their garments, and the lamentations accompanying the rending were heard as far etc., see גּוֹבְבָתָא; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵃ top קלה לק׳ (read: דק׳); Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 11, a. 9, 10 קליה דקריעה, read: דקִירְעָה (singular). ↗ original

קַרְפָּאוֹת , see קוּרְפָּיוֹת ↗ original

קַרְפְּדַאי , see קוּרְפְּדַאי ↗ original

קִרְפּוּף , see קַרְפִּיף ↗ original

קַרְפָּיוֹת , see קוּרְפָּיוֹת ↗ original

קַרְפִּיטָא , see אַקְרַפְטָא ↗ original

קַרְפִּיף (Parel of קפף, compare נָקַף 2 Hif'il) enclosure, especially an enclosed space outside of a settlement, for storage of wood etc. Eruvin 2, 3 לא אמרו … לגנה ולק׳ they limited the area to two S’ahs only for a garden and a storehouse. the same place (ibid.) 5 הגינה והק׳ שהן וכ׳ a garden or a ḳarpif of seventy (cubits) and a fraction by seventy and a fraction, surrounded by a fence ten handbreadths high etc. Betzah 4, 2 מביאין … ומן הק׳ וכ׳ you may bring in (on the Holy Day for immediate use) wood from the field, taking from what is piled up, and from the k. even from what lies around scattered; איזהו ק׳ כל וכ׳ what is understood by k.? An enclosed space near the town. Bava Bathra 24ᵇ ק׳ … שהוקף לדירה a ḳ.… which has been enclosed for living purposes; and frequently an area (of seventy square cubits) outside of a town, added to the city limits for the purposes of Sabbath distances. Eruvin 5, 2 נותנין ק׳ לעיר for measuring Sabbath limits we allow a ḳ. to each town; וחכמים … ק׳ אלא בין וכ׳ but the scholars say, a ḳ. as an extension to city limits is allowed only in the case of two neighboring towns; אם יש לזו … עושה ק׳ לשתיהן להיותן כאחת (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition קִרְפּוּף) if there is a space of seventy cubits for one and an equal space for the other, this forms a ḳ. for both, so that they may be considered as one town. the same place (ibid.) 57ᵃ מאי ק׳ תורת ק׳ by ḳ. the scholars mean the application of the law of ḳ. (as an extension to the town); and frequently—plural קַרְפִּיפוֹת. the same place (ibid.) 9, 1 אחד גגות … ק׳ רשות וכ׳ joint roofs, courts, and enclosures are each considered as one area (for Sabbath movements). the same place (ibid.) 89ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original

קַרְפִּיפָא Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 2, beginning 62ᵃ אפקיד … גבי ק׳ דחבריה gave his wine vessels in charge at his neighbor’s enclosure. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 2, 8ᶜ top (explained מצובה) כגון אהין ק׳ וכ׳ (in a pyramid) in the manner as goods are stored up in an enclosure belonging to three persons. ↗ original

קַרְפָּסִינוֹן (καρπάσινον) (made of) fine linen. Esther Rabbah to 1, 6, see כַּרְפַּס I. ↗ original

קַרְפִּף , see קַרְפִּיף ↗ original

קָרַץ (Biblical Hebrew) to make an incision; to cut. Yoma 3, 4 קְרָצוֹ ומרק וכ׳ he made the ritually required cut, and some one else finished etc., see מָרַק. the same place (ibid.) 32ᵇ מאי קרצו … לישנא וכ׳ what is meant by ḳ’ratso?… It has the meaning of slaying (by referring to Jeremiah 46, 20); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 40ᶜ top, see נָכוֹסָא. Tosefta ʿUktsin 2, 8 כיון שקרצו as soon as he has made an incision into it (although he did not cut it apart, see ʿUktsin 2, 5).—Esp. to cut dough on the baker’s board. Kelim 15, 2 אם … קוֹרֵץ עליו if he prepares it to cut dough on it; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 5, 4; and frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 31ᵇ top מודיי שקורצין, read: שקוצרין.] to bite, pinch. Niddah 6, 12 כדי לִקְרוֹץ בצפורן a hair large enough to seize with the nails. [to form a groove,] to press the lips close together; to gesticulate with closed lips. Mikvaoth 8, 5 קָרְצָה שפתותיה if (in taking a ritual immersion) she pressed her lips together.—Yoma 19ᵇ הקורא … ולא יִקְרוֹץ בשפתותיו reading the Sh’mʿa one must not blink with one’s eyes, nor gesticulate with one’s lips etc. (make motions to his neighbor). Pi'el פִּעֵל קֵרֵץ same. the same place (ibid.) הקורא … ומְקָרֵץ וכ׳ of him who reads the Shmʿa and blinks with his eyes and gesticulates with his lips and points with his fingers, the Scriptures say, ‘not me didst thou call etc.’ (Isaiah 43, 22); Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 318) וקוֹרֵץ. Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְרַץ to be nipped off. Peah 7, 4 אם נִקְרֶצֶת עם וכ׳ if it (the isolated bunch on the knee of a vine) can be nipped off as a cluster, it belongs to the owner (Munich manuscript נקצרת, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note); Sifra K’dosh., Parah 1, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 3 (variant reading נקצרת); Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 605 נקצרת; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵃ bottom of the page אני אומר את הנִקְרָצוֹת עם האשכולות (not עם) I mean those which have been nipped off in clusters; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְרַץ 1 , to bite, pinch, sting. Eruvin 65ᵃ אי קְרַצְתָּן כינה וכ׳ I could not study, if a vermin were to bite me. ↗ original

קְרַץ 2 (denominative of קְרִיץ, קְרִיצְתָּא) to get up early, to do a thing early. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 11, end, 48ᵇ ע"י כן הוה שהר … הוה ק׳ through that (burning lamp) he was wakeful, and through that he arose early; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 4ᵈ top of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ נִקְרוֹץ וכ׳, see סְדַר. the same place (ibid.) וק׳ ונפק ליה he got up early and went off. Vayikra Rabbah section 25 אי קַרְצַת לא חשכת if thou hadst worked early (while young), thou wouldst not have to work late (in old age). the same place (ibid.) קַרְצִית וחשכית (not קריצת) I did work early, and do work late. Vayikra Rabbah section 32 ק׳ נוגש וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קדם), see נָגַשׂ. Echah Rabbah to 3, 7 לא הוה בר נש קָרֵיץ לתאיניא וכ׳ (not לתאינה) and none came in the morning to gather the figs earlier than they; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 5, 56ᵃ top of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵃ ק׳ זבונה וכ׳ the trader got up early etc., see קְרַן; and frequently ↗ original

קֶרֶץ (קָרַץ) division, partition. Kelim 8, 6 השאור … והק׳ וכ׳ the leaven and the reptile in it (in the vessel with two compartments), and the squeezed-in partition between them; [Hai Gaon: a piece of dough, see מִקְרֶצֶת].—plural קְרָצִים, קְרָצִין. Tosefta Bava Metzia 9, 19 פשתן עד שיעשנו ק׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (other edition קורצין) he that rents (on shares) a field on which to raise flax, must attend to it until he has made it into divisions (piles ready for division into shares). ↗ original

קְרַץ 3 (קְרַץ 1) biting, cutting, destruction; only in אכל ק׳ (mostly plural קַרְצִין, קוּרְ׳) (see אֲכַל I) to inform against. [Targum Isaiah 58, 1 אכלי ק׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), read with edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) only אכלי, quoted to prove the meaning of אכל = קרא, see כְּלֵי 2.] Targum Proverbs 11, 13 קֻרְצָא edition Vilna edition (manuscript קורצין). the same place (ibid.) 20, 19. Targum Leviticus 13, 16 (O. edition Berlin edition קִירְצִין); and frequently—Echah Rabbah to 4, 2 קַרְצְהוֹן, see אֲכַל I; Gittin 56ᵃ קורצא; and frequently—Aboth dRabbi Nathan Chaldaic (Aramaic) 16 (in Hebr. dict.) אוכילו קורצא אצל וכ׳ (?). ↗ original

קַרְצוֹבָא (Parel of קצב) thorn.—plural קַרְצוּבי. Targum Proverbs 15, 19. ↗ original

קרצוד , see קורצד ↗ original

קַרְצוֹל , see קַרְסוֹל, קַרְסוּלָּא. ↗ original

קרצום , see קִרְיָינוֹס ↗ original

קִרְצוּף , see קִירְצוּף ↗ original

קְרִצְטְיוֹנָא , see כַּרִיסְטְיוֹנָא ↗ original

קְרַצְיוֹן Ḳ’ratsion (Chorazin, Chaldaic Keraze), near Capernaum. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 8, 12ᵇ bottom of the page ר׳ יוחנן דק׳ (edition Lehm. דקסריון); Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 5, end, 63ᵇ דקציון (some edition דקיצ׳, correct accordingly). ↗ original

קְרָצִית (קָרַץ; compare קוֹרְצִין) a big fly or locust. Gittin 86ᵇ ק׳ שבעמיר, explained the same place (ibid.) רידבתא דביני כיפי flies among sheaves. ↗ original

קִרְצֵף (compare קָצף) [to use a rough tool,] to scrape, curry with a large-toothed strigil, contradistinguished to קָרַד. Betzah 2, 8 מְקַרְצְפִין you may curry etc. (on the Holy Day); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, end, 61ᵈ ↗ original

קְרִצְתָּא , see קְרִיצְתָּא, a. קְרִיץ. ↗ original

קַרְקָא , see קוּרְקָא ↗ original

קָרְקְבָן , see sub קוֹרְקְ׳. ↗ original

קַרְקוּזָאָה (compare כַּרְכּוּז) of Ḳarḳuz.—plural קַרְקוּזָאֵי. Nedarim 51ᵃ (explained דלעת הרמוצ׳) קרי ק׳ (not קרא) Ḳarḳuz pumpkins. ↗ original

קַרְקוֹם , see כַּרְכּוֹמָא I ↗ original

קרקומניקיא , see כִּירוֹמָנִיקְיָא ↗ original

קִרְקוּר , see קִירְקוּר ↗ original

קרקיא , Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 838 כל ק׳, see גְּלוּגְדְּקָא ↗ original

קרקייאות , see קִרְקְסָיוֹת ↗ original

קַרְקֵיפֶל , see קַרְקֵפֶל ↗ original

קַרְקִישָׁא , see קַרְקְשָׁא ↗ original

קַרְקָס , see קוֹלְקָס ↗ original

קַרְקְסָא clasp, see קוּרְקְסָא. ↗ original

קִרְקְסָא (see קִרְקְסָיוֹת) circus, place of amusement.—plural קִרְקְסָתָא, קִרְקְסָוָותָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 28, 19 בתי קִיאַטְרוֹנֵיכוֹן וקוֹרְקִיסַתְכוֹן (for תיאט׳) edition Vienna edition (other edition קוּרְקְסַתְ׳) your theatres and circuses. Targum Psalms 69, 13 בית קִרְקַסְוָון (some edition קַרְ׳; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) בתי קִרְקְסֵיהוֹן, variant reading קרקסוון) (see Echah Rabbah introduction 17).—[Echah Rabbah to 1, 18 קרקסוון, see קִרְקַסְיוֹן.] ↗ original

קִרְקְסָאוֹת , see קִרְקְסָיוֹת ↗ original

קִרְקַסְיוֹן (Κιρκήσιον) Circesium (כַּרְכְּמִישׁ). Echah Rabbah to 1, 18 (referring to 2 Chronicles 35, 20) בק׳ דעל פרת (not בק … וון) at Circesium on the Euphrates. ↗ original

קִרְקְסָיוֹת (an adapt. of κίρκος, circus) circuses, buildings used for chariot races and other entertainments. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᶜ bottom of the page בשעה … בבתי תיטריות ובבתי ק׳ וכ׳ when God looks down on the theatres and circuses as they stand undisturbed …, while his Temple is destroyed etc. Megillah 6ᵃ (referring to Zechariah 9, 7) אלו … וק׳ שבאדום וכ׳ (Munich manuscript קִרְקַסְיָאוֹת שלהן) this refers to the theatres and circuses in Edom (Rome) where in the days to come Judah’s chiefs shall teach the Law in public. Kethuboth 5ᵃ קרקסאיות Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קרקייאות, correct accordingly), see פָּקַח; Shabbath 150ᵃ קרקסאות (Oxford manuscript קרקיסיאות). Bereshith Rabbah section 67. Bereshith Rabbah section 80 צריכין אנו … ולבתי ק׳ שלהם וכ׳ we must give credit to the nations that they bring actors to their theatres and circuses and amuse themselves with them, so that they may not talk with one another and come to vain quarrels. Echah Rabbah to 3, 13; the same place (ibid.) introduction 17. Ruth Rabbah to 1, 16. Pesikta Rabbati section 6 יום תיאטרון וקורקסיו, read: וקִירְקְסִין, see תִּיאַטְרוֹן; and frequently ↗ original

קַרְקַע see Schrader KAT², p. 583, ground, soil; bottom. Bava Metzia 31ᵃ אבידת ק׳ a loss to the ground, i.e. the duty of preventing damage to a fellowman’s ground through a stray animal. Bava Bathra 5, 7 (84ᵇ) ואם היה (ב) מחובר לק׳ if the flax was bought while standing in the field, see חָבַר. the same place (ibid.) 4 הקונה שני … לא קנה ק׳ if a person buys two trees in a neighbor’s field, he has not bought the ground belonging thereto. the same place (ibid.) בעל הק׳ the owner of the ground. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 1, 51ᵈ מן הק׳ from the floor of the Succah. Sifré Numbers 126 קַרְקָעוֹ של בית וכ׳ the ground on which the house stands down to the deep; and frequently—Sanhedrin 74ᵇ אסתר ק׳ עולם היתה Esther was merely like natural ground (that is ploughed), i.e. in submitting to the embraces of the heathen king she did no act on her participle—Esp. immovable property, opposite מְטַלְטְלִין. Bava Metzia 11ᵇ לקנות על גבי ק׳ to be acquired in connection with immovable property, see אַגַּב. Bava Bathra 156ᵇ; and frequently—plural קַרְקָעוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, 17ᵃ bottom of the page כשהיו ק׳ ומטלטלין וכ׳ when his immovable and his movable properties were in the same place. Kethuboth 87ᵇ, and elsewhere שעבוד ק׳, see שִׁעְבּוּד; and frequently—Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 7, 15 קַרְקְעוֹת הכלים, see קַרְקָרָה. ↗ original

קַרְקַע ² Targum 2 Chronicles 21, 3. ↗ original

קַרְקָעִית (the preceding) ground, bottom. Shabbath 147ᵇ, see דִּימְסִית. Yevamoth 116ᵇ בק׳ של ספינה at the bottom of the ship; Chagigah 23ᵃ בקַרְקְעִיתָהּ וכ׳. ↗ original

קַרְקָעִיתָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 19, 14. ↗ original

קַרְקַף (= קפקפ׳, קפף; compare קוֹרְקְבָן) [round,] skull, head. Bava Bathra 121ᵇ bottom of the page לשבטים … לקרקף גברי וכ׳ (Munich manuscript לקרקפא דג׳) was the land divided by tribes (each tribe getting an equal share) or by the heads of men? Shabbath 67ᵃ (in an incantation) אקרקף דארי וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition אקרקפי, read: אקַרְקְפֵיה) on the head of a lion, and on the nostrils etc. Bava Bathra 55ᵃ אקרקף וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) אקרקפא; Rashb. אקרקפתא), see כַּרְגָּא; and elsewhere—Fem. form קַרְקַפְתָּא. Rosh Hashanah 17ᵃ ק׳ דלא מנח תפלין (Tosafoth מנחא) the head (of him) that puts no T’fillin on. Bava Bathra the passage cited, see above. ↗ original

קַרְקֵפֶל (the preceding, with format. ל; compare כַּרְמֶל etc.) scalp (used as a charm in battle). Avodah Zarah 11ᵇ (describing a sort of secular game) אחת לשבעים … קַרְקִיפְלוֹ של וכ׳ once in seventy years they make a well man ride on a lame man and dress him in the garments of Adam and place on his head the scalp of R. Ishmael etc. Chullin 123ᵃ קרְקֵפְלוֹ של ו׳ וכ׳ R. Ishmael’s scalp was put on the head of kings (as a charm.). plural קַרְקַפְלִין. the same place (ibid.) אין לך לגיון … וכ׳ there is not a Roman legion that does not carry with it several scalps; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 16. ↗ original

קַרְקַפְתָּא , see קַרְקַף ↗ original

קִרְקֵר 1 to storm a wall, batter, destroy. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵇ and the following בשביעי נכנסו … מְקַרְקְרִין בו וכ׳ on the seventh of Ab they entered it, on the eighth they worked to demolish it, on the ninth they set fire to it; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᶜ top; Tosefta Taanith 4 (3), 10 והיו מקרקרין שביעי וכ׳ they worked at its demolition on the seventh, the eighth etc. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joḥ. 1) שהיו מְקַרְקְרִים קירות וכ׳ they tore down the walls of their houses and made of them breastworks and placed them around their forts, see שׁוֹעַ; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 289. ↗ original

קִרְקֵר 2 (compare כִּרְכֵּר) to dance, revel. Bereshith Rabbah section 64 (see גָּרַר 2) שנכנסו … והיו מְקַרְקְרִין בו וכ׳ lawless people came to his house and revelled with him (Abimelech) the whole night; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 111. Bereshith Rabbah section 74 והיו מקרקרין וכ׳ (variant reading מְקַרְטְעִים) and revelled with him (Laban) etc.; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 130. ↗ original

קִרְקֵר 3 (onomatopoetic) to cackle; to quack; to cry etc. Taanith 29ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 22, 5) הקב"ה מְקַרְקֵר עליהן כתרנגולת שמְקַרְקֶרֶת על בניה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Munich manuscript 1 הקב"ה מקרקר אחריהם כתרנוגלין; Munich manuscript 2 קִירְקר עליהם; omitted in edition, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) the Lord moans for them like a hen that cackles for her young; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 289. Shemoth Rabbah section 9 התחיל … ומקרקר וכ׳ Pharaoh began to laugh at them and crow at them like a cock. ↗ original

קַרְקַר Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 תרנגולין מְקַרְקְרִין the cocks (on Solomon’s throne) crowed.—Chullin 53ᵃ bottom of the page איהו … ואינהו קמְקַרְקְרָן when he (the lion) roars, and they (the domestic animals) make a noise (mow, bleat etc.). the same place (ibid.)ᵇ top of the page ↗ original

קַרְקָרָה (compare קַרְקַע) rimmed bottom of a vessel; lower border of a web. Oholoth 9, 16 כנגד קַרְקָרָתָהּ edition Dehr. a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) (edition קוּרְקוּרוּתָהּ, קוּרְקְרוּתָהּ) corresponding to (under or on the rim of) its bottom; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 10, 9 קורקורתיה edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (read קוּרְקוּרְתָּהּ or קוּרְקְרוֹתֶיהָ); the same place (ibid.) קוּרְקַרְתָּהּ, קוּרְקוּרְתָּהּ. Kelim 28, 10 עד שיגמור את קַרְקַרְתָּהּ edition Dehr. (edition קורקורתה; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) קוּרְקְרוֹתֶיהָ, edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) קר׳ plural) until he finishes the lower border of the network.—plural קַרְקָרוֹת. the same place (ibid.) 2, 2 קַרְקְרוֹתֵיהֶן. Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 2, 2 קרקרנות (correct accordingly; Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 2, 2 תוך). the same place (ibid.) 7, 15 קַרְקְעוֹת הכלים the bottoms of vessels. ↗ original

קרקרנות , see the preceding ↗ original

קִרְקֵשׁ (= קשקש; compare כַּרְכֵּשׁ 2) to knock, clap, ring. Tosefta Shabbath 13 (14), 17 אין מְקַרְקְשִׁין לא וכ׳ you must not ring a bell or a clapper for a child etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 12 מְקַרְקֶשֶׁת בקרניה she knocks with her horns (against the rocks); Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 862 מְקַשְׁקֶשֶׁת; (Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9 מַקֶּשֶׁת, see נָקַשׁ). ↗ original

קַרְקֵשׁ Berachoth 62ᵃ מְקַרְקְשָׁא, see לְקִינָא. Pesachim 112ᵃ נְקַרְקֵשׁ נכתמא וכ׳ (not מקרקש; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 9) let him knock the lid against the pitcher. Kethuboth 86ᵃ מְקרְקֵשׁ ליה זוזו he makes the coins clapper to him, i.e. offers him a few Zuz; Gittin 40ᵇ top of the page Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 9 הוון נסבין … והוון מְקַרְקְשִׁין בהון they (Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah) took their idols, broke them and made of them bells which they hanged on their dogs and asses, and they clappered with them (referring to Isaiah 46, 1); and elsewhere ↗ original

קַרְקָשׁ (the preceding) clapper, bell. Tosefta Shabbath 13 (14), 17. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 7ᵈ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, end, 61ᵃ ↗ original

קַרְקְשָׁא —plural קַרְקְשַׁיָּא, קַרְקִי׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵇ bottom of the page (explained קשרים, Isaiah 3, 20). ↗ original

קַרְקַשְׁתָּא feminine same. Bava Kamma 52ᵃ, see כַּרְכַּשְׁתָּא I ↗ original

קָרָר (קרר to roll, drag; compare גָּרַר 2) wagon-driver (dialect. interch. with קַדָּר frequently קדר, compare כַּדּוּר a. גַּנְדַּר I). Kiddushin 4, 14 (82ᵃ) לא ילמד … חמר גמל קדר ספן וכ׳ Babylonian edition (Mishnah ספר for קדר; Yerushalmi (prefix) edition ספר a. ק׳) no man should train his son to be an ass-driver, a camel-leader, wagoner, sailor, shepherd, or tavern-keeper; Treatise Sof’rim 15, 10; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 4, 66ᶜ קרר קדר (strike out either). Bava Metzia 6, 1 (75ᵇ) שכר את החמר ואת הקדר וכ׳ (Manuscript Rome 1 הקרד, correct accordingly) if one hires an ass-driver or a wagoner etc. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 1, 13 ישיבת הקארר וקושרה edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading הקרר; Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 22, 9 הקרון וקישרה) the driver’s seat when he has tied it (to the wagon).—plural קָרָרִים, קָרָרִין (קַדָּ׳). Bava Kamma 3, 4 שני קד׳ (Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 9 חַמָּרִין). ↗ original

קָרַר 1 [to bore, break through,] to well forth. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֵקֵר to cause to well forth. Eruvin 104ᵇ (explained בור הקר, see הָקֵר) בור שהֵקֵרוּ עליה דברים והתירוה (Or Avodah Zarah Eruvin 216 הֵקֵירוּ) a well over which they (the scholars) caused words (arguments) to burst forth, and which they finally permitted; the same place (ibid.) שהקרו דברים עליה. ↗ original

קְרַר Polel. קוֹרֵר to cause to spring forth, give forth. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, 48ᵈ הוה ידע … מְקוֹרֵר וכ׳ he knew what rock gives forth water (when bored at), and in what rock there is dry heat. ↗ original

קָרַר 2 (compare קרש) [to contract,] to be cold. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֵקֵר same. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 5 there were two families etc. אחת מֵיקֶרֶת וכ׳ (not מקרית) one was cold-blooded etc., see רָתַח Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּקַר to be chilled, feel cold. Bamidbar Rabbah section 23 כאן … הוּקַרְנוּ here we slept, here we felt cold. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקָרֵר to be cooled off; (with דעת) to be pacified, feel satisfied. Bamidbar Rabbah section 2 נ׳ בצילו he cooled himself in its shade.—Yevamoth 63ᵃ ולא נִתְקָרְרָה דעתו עד וכ׳ and he found no satisfaction until etc. Bamidbar Rabbah section 14, beginning ולא נתקררה דעתו and he (the Lord) was not pacified. Tanchuma Vaëthḥ. 6 באותה שעה נתקררה רוח הקדש that moment the divine spirit was cooled off (from its anger); and elsewhere—5. קוֹרָה 2. ↗ original

קְרַר ² Pa'el פִּעֵל קָרֵיּר to cool. Shabbath 8ᵇ דעבידי אינשי לקָרוּרֵי נפשייהו when people are wont to cool themselves (by walking in pools), see רָקָק. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקֵּר same. Pesachim 76ᵃ אַקּוּרי קא מֵיקַר ליה it cools the juice off; and elsewhere Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְקָרָר, , Ithpol. אִתְקוֹרָר to be cooled off, cool one’s self. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 2, 5 לאִתְקַרְרָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2 the same place (ibid.) 7, 15 למַתְקוֹרְרָה על מיא (edition Vienna edition למתקודרה עלמיא, correct accordingly). ↗ original

קֶרֶשׁ 1 ḳarash collegit … et partes junxit) board. Shabbath 102ᵇ ק׳ שנפלה וכ׳ a board attacked by a worm, see דַּרְנָא; and elsewhere—plural קְרָשִׁים. Shemoth Rabbah section 52 הרי ק׳ הרי וכ׳ here are the boards (for the Tabernacle), here are the bolts etc. Shabbath 12, 3 קַרְשֵׁי המשכן the boards of the Tabernacle; and frequently ↗ original

קֶרֶשׁ 2 ḳeresh, name of a kind of antelope, unicorn. Chullin 59ᵇ ק׳ טביא וכ׳ the ḳ. is the gazelle of Be-Ilai (see טִגְרוֹס). the same place (ibid.) ק׳ אע"פ שאין לו וכ׳ the ḳ. is permitted, although it has only one horn. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 4ᵈ bottom of the page ק׳ היה שמה וכ׳ it (the taḥash) was named ḳeresh … having one horn. Bava Bathra 16ᵇ (referring to קרן הפוך, Job 42, 14) שדומה לקרנא דק׳ she had the complexion of the horn of the ḳ.; קרנא דק׳ לקותא היא but this would mean a defect (not a description of beauty). ↗ original

קָרַשׁ (compare קָרַס) [to be joined, see קֶרֶשׁ I,] to become solid, congeal, contract. Bereshith Rabbah section 4; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᶜ bottom of the page ובשני קָרְשׁוּ, see לַח. the same place (ibid.) יִקְרַשׁ הרקיע let the heavens congeal. Bereshith Rabbah section 33 עמודים … בצנה שלא יִקְרְשׁוּ marble columns covered with carpets in the winter, lest they contract (and crack), see קָרַס. Pesachim 5, 5 ויקרש הדם and the blood may congeal; and frequently—participle passive קָרוּשׁ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 3, beginning 50ᶜ דם הוא שהוא ק׳ וכ׳ it is blood which congealed and formed a lump. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 4ᵈ כל שמתיכין אותו ואינו ק׳ whatever you melt, and it becomes not solid again. Sukkah 12ᵃ יין ק׳ הוא משניר וכ׳ it means a jelly of wine from Senir that resembles fig cakes. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְרִישׁ to cause to congeal. Tosefta Chullin 6, 7 השוחט וה׳ וכ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) והקדיש, correct accordingly) if one slaughters and allows the blood to congeal. ↗ original

קְרַשׁ (neut. verb) to congeal, become solid. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 14, 22 קַרְשׁוּן (not קרשוון). to cause to congeal, curdle; to freeze. Targum Job 10, 10.—5. קַרִישׁ. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִקְּרִישׁ same. Chullin 120ᵃ דא׳ some edition (other דקַרִישׁ), see חָלָא 3 ↗ original

קַרְשִׁינָא (the preceding) ball, pebble.—plural קַרְשִׁינֵי. Shabbath 81ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition כַּ׳), see כַּרְשִׁינָא I. ↗ original

קֶרֶת (Biblical Hebrew) = קִרְיָה, town, city. Niddah 16ᵇ, see מָרוֹם. ↗ original

קַרְתָּא Targum Genesis 4, 17. Targum Isaiah 19, 18; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᵈ, see מֵרוֹן. the same place (ibid.) top טב ק׳, see טַב 2. the same place (ibid.), see יָלֵיל. ↗ original

קָרְתָא (קְרַר) cold. Targum Proverbs 25, 20 (edition Lagarde edition קור׳). ↗ original

קַרִתּוּיֵי , see next word ↗ original

קַרְתּוּיִים (Κόρτιοι, Polybius 5, 52, 5; Strabo 11, 13) natives of Ḳartu (mountaineers of Media). Yevamoth 16ᵃ ק׳ איתמר וכ׳ the traditional spelling is Ḳartuyim (and not Ḳarduyim), as people say, disqualified Kartuenians. the same place (ibid.) (Chaldaic (Aramaic) form) קַרְתּוּיֵי וכ׳ Kartuenians are not the same as Ḳarduenians, as people say ק׳ פסילי; see קרְדּוּיִים. ↗ original

קרתחייה , see next word ↗ original

קַרְתִּיגְנִי (Carthago, -inis) Carthage (rebuilt under the Roman empire). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᵇ bottom of the page (explained קנזי, Genesis 15, 19) ק׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 61ᵈ top קרתיגנ׳; see קַרְטִיגְנִי.—Denom. קַרְתִּיגְנָאָה, קַרְתִּיגְנָיָיא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 8, 31ᵇ bottom of the page; and frequently בא ק׳ (א); Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 9ᵈ קרט׳. the same place (ibid.) 16, 15ᶜ bottom of the page חיננא ק׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, 60ᶜ bottom of the page קרתחייה (correct accordingly); Kethuboth 27ᵇ חנן קרט׳; Bava Kamma 114ᵇ חנא קרתיגנאה Munich manuscript (edition קרטיגנא, correct accordingly); the same place (ibid.) אחא ק׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 4). ↗ original

קַרְתִּיסָיָה of Ḳartes (perh. Carthæa, on the island of Ceos). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2, 26ᵈ bottom of the page חנניה ק׳. ↗ original

קַרְתָּנִי (see קֶרֶת) townsman, provincial. Demai 6, 4 הק׳, opposite to ירושלמי; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 25ᶜ bottom of the page—[Vayikra Rabbah section 24 מעשה בק׳, read: בקריתנו, see קִרְיָה.]—Fem. קַרְתָּנִית. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 6. ↗ original

קַשׁ old, see קְשַׁשׁ. ↗ original

קַשׁ ² קשש to be hard, stiff; compare קָשֶׁה) straw, stubble. Shabbath 3, 1 בקש ובגבבא with straw or rakings. the same place (ibid.) 66ᵃ כוורת של קש; Kelim 15, 1 כוורת הקש, see כְּוֶורֶת. the same place (ibid.) 17, 17, see שְׁפוֹפֶרֶת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 4, beginning 18ᵃ הנח … בקַשָּׁהּ leave for them (the poor) the grain with its straw (stalks); and frequently—[Tosefta Shabbath 9 (10), 2 הקש שבחזיר some edition the stiff bristle etc., see קָשֶׁה.]—plural קַשִּׁים, קַשִּׁין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 5, end, 19ᵃ בזוכר את הק׳ when he recalls the straw (with which he covered the sheaves). Taanith 6ᵃ בקַשֶּׁיהָ, see מַלְקוֹשׁ. ↗ original

קַשָּׁא 1 Targum Exodus 15, 7. Targum Isaiah 40, 24.—plural קַשִּׁין. Bereshith Rabbah section 35 (play on קשתי, Genesis 9, 13) ק׳ דפֵירַי the straw of my fruit (the least of my works); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 61. ↗ original

קַשָּׁא 2 (קְשַׁשׁ; compare קַשִּׁישׁ), בַּר ק׳ elder, officer. Shabbath 110ᵃ top of the page Bava Bathra 110ᵇ top מאן כו לירות אטו בר ק׳ וכ׳ (כּוּ = כְּהוּ, not בו) who else should be the heir? should the officer of the town be the heir? [other opinion (see קָשַׁש I) collector.] ↗ original

קְשָׁא , see קְשֵׁי ↗ original

קָשַב (Biblical Hebrew) to be hard, stiff. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְשִׁיב [to prick up the ear,] to listen. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 13 אני … מַקְשִׁיבִים וכ׳ I and my household will listen to thy voice (of prayer). Shabbath 63ᵃ הקב"ה מַקְשִׁיב להם the Lord listens to them. the same place (ibid.) שני … המקשיבים זה לזה וכ׳ two students who patiently listen to each other in discussions of the halakhah; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְשַׁב , to be attentive, watchful. Gittin 56ᵃ דאינהו קַשְׁבֵי דחייא וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition ידעי) read: דאינהו ק׳ וידעי דחייא וכ׳ for they are watchful (distrustful), and they know that a live body is lighter etc. ↗ original

קִשְׁבָּא a species or variety of dates; date-tree (see כּוֹתֶבֶת). Avodah Zarah 14ᵇ, see חֲצָב I. Bava Kamma 58ᵇ קץ ק׳ מחבריה (Manuscript Hamburg קִישְׁ׳; Alfasi קסבא; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 20) cut one of his neighbor’s date-trees.—plural קִשְׁבֵּי. Megillah 7ᵇ מלא טסקא דק׳ Munich manuscript (edition דקשבא) a basketful of dates; Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1059. ↗ original

קָשָׁה , see קשי ↗ original

קְשֵׁה , see קְשֵׁי ↗ original

קָשֶׁה , קָשָׁה feminine (Biblical Hebrew; the preceding) stiff, hard, difficult, severe; strong. Tosefta Shabbath 9 (10), 2 שני זייפין מן הק׳ וכ׳ (some edition הקַשׁ) two of the stiffest bristles of the swine; Shabbath 90ᵇ מקָשָׁה של חזיר אחת carrying one of the stiff bristles of the swine is punishable. Taanith 20ᵇ ק׳ כארז, see קָנֶה. Bava Bathra 88ᵇ ק׳ עונשן של וכ׳ the responsibility for fraud in measures is severer than that for incest. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ גזל הדיוט וכ׳ robbing an individual is worse than robbing the altar. Bereshith Rabbah section 26, end ק׳ היא המחלוקת וכ׳ strife is as bad as (the sins of) the generation of the flood. Bereshith Rabbah section 71 ק׳ היא התפלה וכ׳ prayer is a powerful factor, for it reversed the divine decree. Taanith 8ᵃ שלמודו ק׳ עליו וכ׳ to whom his study is as hard as iron. the same place (ibid.) 8ᵇ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) ק׳ יומא וכ׳, see קָשֵׁי. Shemoth Rabbah section 6 היה ק׳ בעיניהם וכ׳ it seemed too hard a task for them to give up idolatry; and very frequently—Eruvin 83ᵇ בק׳ with difficulty, see נַחַת.—[Bamidbar Rabbah section 16 end קשה ערפם, see קְשִׁי.]—plural קָשִׁים, קָשִׁין; קָשׁוֹת. Yevamoth 47ᵇ, and elsewhere ק׳ גרים וכ׳, see סַפַּחַת. Sotah 2ᵃ ק׳ לזווגן (Sanhedrin 22ᵃ קשה), see זָוַג. Pesachim 118ᵃ ק׳ … כקריעת וכ׳ the providential support of man is as difficult (wonderful) as the splitting of the Red Sea. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ … כפלים וכ׳ man’s support is twice as hard (painful) as travailing. Berachoth 57ᵇ (etymolog. play on קישואים) מפני שהם ק׳ לגוף וכ׳ because they are as hard on the body as swords. Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 7 נבואות ק׳ hard (evil) prophecies; and very frequently ↗ original

קִשְׂוָא , see קִסְוָה ↗ original

קִשּׁוּאִים , see קִישׁוּת I) cucumbers. Berachoth 57ᵇ, see קָשֶׁה. Bava Kamma 8, 1 שומר ק׳ watchman in a cucumber field. Kilayim 3, 4; and frequently ↗ original

קִשְׂוָה , see sub קִסְ׳, קַסְ׳. ↗ original

קְשׁוֹט (קְשַׁט) [straightness,] truth, righteousness. Targum Genesis 24, 48, and the following Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) 5, 22; 24. Targum 2 Chronicles 6, 18 (Hebrew text האמנם); and frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 26 אנא בעלם דק׳ … מילין דק׳ I (Samuel) am now in the world of truth (see עָלְמָא), and thou shalt hear from me none but words of truth; Tanchuma Emor 2. Shabbath 104ᵃ ק׳ קאי truth stands firm (see לְבַן). Sanhedrin 97ᵃ מריש … ליכא ק׳ בעלמא וכ׳ formerly I thought there was no truth in the world. the same place (ibid.) איקלע … ק׳ שמיה he came to a place named Ḳushṭa (Truth); and frequently—plural קוּשְׁטִין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 22, 37 מן ק׳ (Hebrew text האמנם).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, beginning 77ᵃ ק׳ אתון אמרין דהין וכ׳ do you (Jews) indeed say that the world is maintained by air? (supply (understood word) גבר) true. Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 תמים וק׳ upright and true. ↗ original

קִשּׁוּט , see sub קִישּׁ׳. ↗ original

קָשׁוּת 1 , Tosefta Kilayim 1, 11 variant reading, see כָּשׁוּת ↗ original

קָשׁוּת 2 , see קִישׁוּת 2 ↗ original

קָשַׁט (Biblical Hebrew) [to be straight, strong,] to go in a straight line, to shoot forth. Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 יש מזיק … וקוֹשֵׁט כחץ some demon flies like a bird and shoots through the air like an arrow; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 91; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 842 וקוֹשֵׁת; Tanchuma Naso 23 וקושש (correct accordingly); edition Buber edition 28.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 72ᵇ מאיכן ק׳ הקוֹשֵׁט הזה וכ׳ whence did this archer shoot (whence did he derive the opinion) that etc. (compare יָרָה Hif'il). to correct. Bava Metzia 107ᵇ, see below. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִישֵּׁט to shoot, aim, direct. Tosefta Eruvin 9 (6), 26 ביבין המְקַשְּׁטִין וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading המשקטין, המְקַשְׁקְשִׁין, see קִשְׁקֵשׁ 2) gutters which gush under the houses (compare קָלַח). Echah Rabbah to 3, 12 מקושטים בה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word קורה, read: מְקַשְּׁטִים (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) מְקוֹשְׁשִׁים; edition מוֹרִים), see חֵץ.—participle passive מְקוּשָּׁט; feminine מְקוּשֶּׁטֶת; plural מְקוּשָּׁטִים, מְקוּשָּׁטִין; מְקוּשָּׁטוֹת. Pesikta Rabbati section 40 (play on מוריה, with referring to ירה יירה, Exodus 19, 13) שהיתה מק׳ כנגד וכ׳ it (the holy land) was aimed towards (directly under) the heavenly altar (see כּוּן); Yalkut Shimoni Song of Songs 988. the same place (ibid.) כשם שגודלת הזו … להיות מקושטים וכ׳ (not מקושטת) as the hair-dresser dressing the bride puts every ornament in its proper place, so must the words of the Law be aimed, every word in its due place. (compare תקן) to dress, adorn, prepare. the same place (ibid.) שמְקַשֶּׁטֶת לכלה, see above. Bereshith Rabbah section 8 מְקַשֵּׁט כלות he (the Lord) attires brides; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 2. the same place (ibid.); Bereshith Rabbah section 18 משקִשְּׁטָהּ וכ׳ after having fitted her out with twenty-four kinds of ornaments; and frequently—participle passive as ab. Shabbath 25ᵇ מטה מוצעת ואשה מק׳ לתלמיד חכם the scholar’s happiness when the couch is spread and the wife dressed (for the Sabbath). the same place (ibid.) 153ᵃ כשהן מק׳ in festive dress, opposite מלוכלכין; and frequently—Transferred to set right, correct. Sanhedrin 18ᵃ (referring to התקוששו וקושו, Zephaniah, Book of 2, 1) קַשֵּׁט … קשט אחרים first correct thyself, then correct others; the same place (ibid.) 19ᵃ; Bava Bathra 60ᵇ; Bava Metzia 107ᵇ קְשׁוֹט וכ׳; Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 302; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 53 אם תרצה לקַשֵּׁט אחרים וכ׳ if thou wishest to correct others, correct thyself first. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְשִׁיט to prepare, make ready. Bereshith Rabbah section 28 הקב"ה היפך … והִקְשִׁיטָן וכ׳ the Lord turned day into night and prepared them for visitations; (Yalkut Shimoni Job 920 והתקינן). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַשֵּׁט to dress, adorn one’s self. Bamidbar Rabbah section 2 אבן יקרה שמִתְקַשְּׁטוֹת וכ׳ a precious stone with which women adorn themselves; and elsewhere to be verified, justified (compare קְשׁוֹט). Bereshith Rabbah section 55 בשביל שתִּתְקַשֵּׁט וכ׳, see קוֹשֶׁט; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 95; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 777. ↗ original

קְשַׁט —Pa'el קַשֵּׁט to straighten, correct. Targum I Chronicles 29, 18. to go in a straight line, to shoot forth. Targum Hosea 6, 3 מְקַשֵּׁיט (not מִ׳; edition Lagarde edition מקשט; Hebrew text נכון). to prepare. Yevamoth 63ᵇ (of a bad wife) מְקַשְּׁטָא … ומקשטא וכ׳ has a tray ready for him, and has her mouth ready for him (to scold); מק׳ … ומחדרא וכ׳ prepares a tray for him, and turns her back to him. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְקַשֵּׁט, אִיקַּשַּׁט to be shot. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 19, 13 (edition Vienna edition יתקשתין). to be dressed, prepared. Targum Isaiah 61, 10. Targum Amos 4, 12 (Hebrew text הכין).—Taanith 23ᵇ כי מִיקַּשְּׁטָא is well dressed; and elsewhere ↗ original

קַשָּׁט (the preceding) shooter, archer.—plural קַשָּׁטִים, קשָּׁטִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵇ bottom of the page בחרבן הראשׁון … ק׳ וכ׳ at the destruction of the first Temple she (Tadmor-Palmyra) furnished eighty thousand archers etc.; Bereshith Rabbah section 56 קַשָּׁתִים (variant reading קשט׳); Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 קשת׳.—5. קשָּׁת. ↗ original

קַשְׁטוּתָא , see קשִּׁיטוּתָא ↗ original

קַשְׁטָן , see קיּשְׁטָן ↗ original

קַשְׁטָנִית (preceding article) bow-shaped handle of a borer, ‘bow-drill’ (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858³ under the word Terebra). Kelim 21, 3 (edition Dehr. קוּשְׁטָ׳). Tosefta Shabbath 13 (14), 17 מטלטלין את הקשט׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition הקַשְׁתָּ׳) you may handle the bow-drill (on the Sabbath); ולא יקדיח בק׳ וכ׳ but you must not bore (a wine cask etc.) as you do on week days. ↗ original

קשי (Biblical Hebrew) to be stiff, hard, difficult. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᶜ top קָשְׁתָה על דעתך this is difficult according to (not reconcilable with) thy opinion; the same place (ibid.) למה א"ל קשתה (not קשתיה) why did he say to him, it is difficult?—5. קָשֶׁה. Pi'el פִּעֵל קִישָּׁה (קִישְּׁתָה, with לילד or without) to have hard labor in travailing. Chullin 4, 1 בהמה המְקַשָּׁה לילד וכ׳ if an animal is in labor, and etc., see עוּבָּר. Niddah 4, 4 קִשְּׁתָה שלשה וכ׳ if she was in pain for three days within eleven days; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 8 קִישֵּׁת, קִשֵּׁת. the same place (ibid.) 10; and frequently—[Bereshith Rabbah section 61 שהיו מקשין וכ׳, read: מקישין, see נָקַשׁ.] Hif'il הִפְעִיל הִקְשָׁה to stiffen, harden. Niddah 13ᵇ המַקְשֶׁה עצמו וכ׳ he who causes erection wilfully. Shemoth Rabbah section 11 הרשע הזה ה׳ את לבו וכ׳ this wicked (Pharaoh) hardened his heart against the first three signs; and elsewhere to become hard. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 6, 35ᵇ top שסופו להַקְשׁוֹת which gets hard in the course of time. Shevi'ith 2, 10 אם הִקְשׁוּ וכ׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition a. Bartenora, Bertinora הוּקְשׁוּ Hof.) if they became hard (dry) and unfit for man to eat before New Year. (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 34ᵃ bottom of the page הקשו a. הוקשו). to be severe. Bereshith Rabbah section 19, opposite ריתה, see רָתָה. Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּקְשֶׁה to become hard, see above. to be found hard, distasteful. Tanchuma Sh’laḥ 5; Bamidbar Rabbah section 16 ה׳ הדבר והרע וכ׳ the thing was distasteful to and displeased his father. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַשֶּׁה, Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַשֶּׁה to suffer severely (in travailing). Bereshith Rabbah section 84 נִתְקַשֵּׁת אמו וכ׳ his mother was in hard labor at his birth. to become hard, stiff. Tosefta Niddah 6, 4 משׁיִתְקַשּׁוּ, see קִשְׁקֵשׁ I, a. 2. Bereshith Rabbah section 98, a. שׁנִתְקַשֵּׁיתָה, see קַשְׁיוּת. to find one’s self in difficulty, to be perplexed, unable to understand or remember. Bamidbar Rabbah section 15 beginning נ׳ משה במעשה וכ׳ Moses found the work of the candlestick more difficult to understand than etc.; כיון שנ׳ אמר וכ׳ when he still could not remember it, the Lord said etc. the same place (ibid.)¹⁰; Tanchuma B’haʿăl. 6 נִתְקַשֵּׁיתִי לעשותה I could not understand how to do it. the same place (ibid.) נ׳ על משה it was too difficult for Moses; and frequently to be reluctant, strive against. Tanchuma Sh’moth 18 כמה נ׳ יונה שלא וכ׳ how hard did Jonah strive not to go on his mission. Devarim Rabbah section 9 מִתְקַשֶּׁה כנגדו (the sun) refused to obey; and elsewhere to make one’s self obnoxious. Bereshith Rabbah section 61; Yalkut Shimoni Chronicles 1073 (play on יקשן, Genesis 25, 2) שהיו מִתְקַשִּׁין בעולם they were obnoxious to the world (were hard to deal with); (Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 92 edition Buber edition שהיו בני אדם קשין). ↗ original

קְשֵׁי to be hard, difficult. Targum Deuteronomy 1, 17. the same place (ibid.) 15, 18; and elsewhere—Yoma 28ᵇ קָשׁוּ משמשא are harder (on the eye) etc., see שַׁבְרִירֵי; and frequently to find a thing difficult to understand, to object, argue against, dispute. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 5, 43ᶜ bottom of the page ר׳ סימון קַשְׁיְיתָהּ … קיימה R. Simon argued against it (refuted it), but R. Ba. … proved it to be correct. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᶜ top [read:] לא כבר קְשׁוּנְתָּהּ הרי עולם לא כבר קַשְׁיְתָהּ וכ׳ have not mountains of the world (great scholars) disputed it? did not R. El. dispute it in the presence of etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 8, 40ᵈ and the following (correct accordingly). Bava Kamma 66ᵇ האי מילתא ק׳ בה רבה לרב וכ׳ Rabbah argued this difficulty before R. Joseph for twenty-two years, and it was not solved; Kethuboth 42ᵇ האי … קְשָׁאֵי רבה ורב וכ׳ Rabbah and R. Joseph discussed this difficulty etc.—participle קָשֵׁי; feminine קַשְׁיָא, which see to get old, see קְשַׁשׁ 2. Pa'el פִּעֵל קַשֵּׁי to be in pain of travailing. Targum Genesis 35, 17 בקַשָּׁיוּתָהּ (not בקַשְׁיוּ׳). Targum Onkelos the same place (ibid.) 16 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 Ithpaal). to perplex. Pesachim 78ᵇ מתניתן קַשִּׁיתֵיה וכ׳ the Mishnah perplexed him; why does it read etc. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַקְשֵׁי, אַקְשֵׁה to harden, make difficult. Targum Exodus 7, 3. Targum 2 Kings 2, 10. Targum I Kings 12, 4. Targum Psalms 95, 8; and frequently to be hard on, press heavily. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 16 כד הוה צערא קשי עלוי … וכד הוה מַקְשֵׁי וכ׳ when his suffering was severe, he said, God the faithful, but when it was severer on him than necessary etc. to argue against, object, dispute. Targum Job 6, 6 manuscript variant reading מדלית מַקְשׁה עליה when there is none to dispute it.—Yevamoth 77ᵃ top א׳ להו דואג כל הני קושייתא Doeg brought up before them all those arguments. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 1, 38ᵈ bottom of the page עד דאת מַקְשֵׁי … קְשַׁיְיתָהּ על וכ׳ (not קשייתא) instead of offering objection against R. J., rather offer it against etc.; and very frequently Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְקֵשֵּׁי, Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיקְּשֵׁי to be in pain of travailing. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 35, 16, see above. to be difficult, perplexing. Yevamoth 40ᵃ ומִיקְּשֵׁה היא דאיקשי לך וכ׳ (Rashi דקשיא) it was perplexing to thee, and thou didst reverse it. ↗ original

קְשִׁי (Biblical Hebrew) = קוֹשִׁי, hardness, stiffness; difficulty. Tanchuma Sh’laḥ edition Buber edition, supplement 14 אל תבט בק׳ ערפם look not at their stiffneckedness; Bamidbar Rabbah section 16 end בקשה (correct accordingly).—plural קְשָׁיִין. Sifré Deuteronomy 305 אין חבר נקנה אלא בקשי ק׳ a friend can be acquired only with the greatest difficulty. ↗ original

קָשֵׁי common gender = Hebrew קָשֶׁה, hard, strong, heavy, difficult. Targum Exodus 6, 9. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) 12. Targum Genesis 49, 7. Targum Isaiah 19, 4. Targum Psalms 60, 5; and frequently—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 8, 4 מינא ק׳ something hard to understand (see Bamidbar Rabbah section 15, quoted under the word קָשָׁה Nithpa'el).—Yoma 28ᵇ ק׳ משימשא is harder to bear etc., see זוֹהֲמָא. the same place (ibid.) 29ᵃ ק׳ ,מקייטא see קַיְטָא. Bava Metzia 85ᵃ ק׳ יומא דמיטרא וכ׳ a rainy day (preventing people from pursuing their vocations) is as hard as the day of judgment; Taanith 8ᵇ קשה (Rashi קשי); and very frequently—plural קָשִׁין, קָשַׁיָּיא, קָשָׁן; קַשְׁיָין, קַשְׁיָיתָא. Targum I Samuel 20, 10. Targum 2 Samuel 3, 39. Targum 2 Esther 4, 1; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 8, 11ᵇ. Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 2 מן קל מיליא קַשְׁיָיאתָא וכ׳ on account of the hard things that I hear etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original

קַשְׁיָא 2 (the preceding) difficult, open to objection; unanswerable objection; contradiction. Eruvin 13ᵃ הא גופא ק׳ וכ׳ this in itself is a contradiction; you said, R. 1. did not say such a thing, which implies that this opinion is to be rejected, and then you said, this opinion is the adopted rule. the same place (ibid.) ק׳ שימוש אשימוש there is a contradiction between the two narratives of R. Meir’s ministrations; ק׳ אסרה אאסרה there is a contradiction between the relations concerning the teacher who forbade it; שימוש אשימוש לא ק׳ וכ׳ there is no contradiction between the two relations concerning the ministrations, (for I may say.) first he went etc.; אלא אסרה אאסרה ק׳ ק׳ but between the relations as to who prohibited it, is there not a contradiction? There is a contradiction (it remains unanswered). Berachoth 22ᵇ לא ק׳ וכ׳ there is no contradiction (between the two traditions): the one speaks of a case where the thing is possible, the other etc. Shabbath 22ᵇ ק׳ the argument (of R. Papa) is unanswerable. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 12, end, 13ᵈ וק׳ על דרבן וכ׳ and this is an argument against the opinion of Rabban G.; and very frequently ↗ original

קַשְׁיָאתָא , see קַשְׁיְתָא ↗ original

קַשְׁיוּ , see קַשְׁיוּתָא ↗ original

קַשְׁיוּת (the preceding words) (supply (understood word) עורף) stiffneckedness; (supply (understood word) לב) hard-heartedness. Taanith 6ᵃ, see מַלְקוֹשׁ. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joḥ. 1) (play on מקשת אסרו, Isaiah 22, 3) מקַשְׁיוּתָם נמסרו וכ׳ for their stubbornness they were given over to the governments. Bereshith Rabbah section 53 (referring to רבה קשת, Genesis 21, 20) רָבָה וקַשְׁיוּתוֹ עמו he (Ishmael) grew, and his stubbornness with him; [anoth. version] רבה וקשיותו אמו he grew, and the cause of his renitence was his mother (who encouraged him in his sinful ways); and elsewhere erection, sensual desire. the same place (ibid.) section 98 (play on קשתו, Genesis 49, 24) ק׳ שנִתְקַשֵּׁיתָה וכ׳ the sensual desire which seized thee when thou wast with thy mistress. ↗ original

קַשְׁיוּתָא hardness, severity. Targum Exodus 1, 14 (Hebrew text פרך). stiffneckedness, renitence. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 7, 11ᵇ bottom of the page עד כדון את בקַשְׁיוּתָךְ dost thou still persist in thy renitence?; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 11. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵇ top of the page Esther Rabbah introduction (play on ממקשי, Job 34, 30) מן קַשְׁיוּתֵיהֶן וחיביהן וכ׳ for the renitence and the guilt of men who do not the will of the Creator; and elsewhere ↗ original

קַשִּׁיט (קְשַׁט) straight, upright, true. Targum Deuteronomy 32, 4 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Vienna edition קָשִׁ׳; Hebrew text ישר). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) 6, 5; and elsewhere—plural קַשִּׁיטִין, קְשִׁ׳. Targum Onkelos the same place (ibid.) 4, 8 (Hebrew text צדיק׳). Targum Numbers 23, 10; and elsewhere ↗ original

קְשִׂיטָא , see כְּסִיתָּא ↗ original

קְשִׂיטָה (Biblical Hebrew) Ḳ’siṭah, name of a standard value; a jewel, also a lamb (see כְּסִיתָּא). Rosh Hashanah 26ᵃ כשהלכתי … קורין למעה ק׳ when I was on my way to Africa, (I heard them) call a m’ʿah ḳ’siṭah; לפרושי מאה ק׳ דאורייתא it serves to explain the Biblical ‘one hundred ḳ.’ (Genesis 33, 19). Bereshith Rabbah section 79, end, see אוּנְקְיָא.—5. חוּרְפָא. ↗ original

קַשִּׁיטוּתָא (קַשִּׁיט) uprightness. Targum 2 Esther 8, 13. Targum Onkelos Genesis 20, 5, and the following (Yerushalmi (prefix) קַשְׁטוּת). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 28, 47 edition Lsb., see שַׁפִּירוּתָא; and elsewhere ↗ original

קַשְׁיָיאתָא , see קָשֵׁי, a. קַשְׁיְתָא. ↗ original

קְשִׁירָא , plural קְשִׁירֵי, see קִישּׁוּרָא. ↗ original

קְשִׁירָה (קָשַׁר) knotting; tying. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᶜ; the same place (ibid.) 15, beginning 15ᵃ מה ק׳ וכ׳ what was the knotting done at the making of the Tabernacle? Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 3, 21ᵃ, see נְעִילָה. ↗ original

קַשִּׁישׁ (קְשַׁשׁ) [strong, hard, compare יָשַׁן,] old; old man, elder. Targum Job 3, 18. Targum I Kings 2, 22; and elsewhere—Bava Metzia 60ᵇ אנא ק׳ מאבוך I am older than thy father. Yevamoth 16ᵇ מי ק׳ כוליה האי was David so very old? Taanith 23ᵇ ינוקא ק׳ the older child. Kethuboth 94ᵃ אביי ק׳ Abaye senior; and frequently—Bava Bathra 142ᵇ קַשִּׁישְׁנָא מינייכו I am older than you.—plural קַשִּׁישִׁין, קַשִּׁישַׁיָּא, קַשִּׁישֵׁי, קְשִׁ׳. Targum Job 32, 6. the same place (ibid.) 12, 12; and elsewhere—Horayoth 11ᵇ מי מלכי זוטרי מקמי ק׳ do the younger sons ascend the throne before the older? Berachoth 30ᵃ רבנן ק׳ מינן teachers older than we are. the same place (ibid.) 46ᵇ. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 9 (explained הדברי, Daniel 3, 27) ק׳ ואסטרולוגיסי (not קשיש) elders and astrologers; and frequently ↗ original

קַשִּׁישׁוּתָא (the preceding) old age, seniority. Bava Bathra 142ᵇ מידי בק׳ וכ׳ does this depend on age? It depends on reason. ↗ original

קִשִׁישִׁין (קשש to be straight, stiff, see קַשׁ) splints put about a fracture. Shabbath 53ᵃ ק׳ שעל גבי השבר (Munich manuscript כְּתִיתִין, which see); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4 (5), 5 בקַשְׁקַשִּׁין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בקְשׁוֹשִׁין); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, 7ᵇ, and the following קִישׁוֹשׁוֹת. ↗ original

קַשְׁיְתָא (קְשֵי) stone of date or olive. Chullin 49ᵃ האי ק׳ דאשתכחא וכ׳ (not דאשתכח) a date stone was found in the gall etc.—plural קַשְׁיָאתָא, קַשְׁיָיתָא. Berachoth 56ᵃ thou shalt see in thy dream that the Romans capture thee וטחני בך ק׳ וכ׳ (different in Munich manuscript) and make thee grind date stones in a golden mill. Yoma 79ᵇ (proverb) תרי … דק׳ וכ׳ in two kabs of dates there is one kab of stones and more. Avodah Zarah 28ᵃ ק׳ דזיתי olive stones.—5. קָשֵׁי. ↗ original

קִשְׁקוּשׁ , see sub קִישְׁ׳. ↗ original

קִשְׁקֵשׁ 1 (קשש; cmp, כִּשְׁכֵּשׁ) to knock, strike, shake, tingle. Sotah 9ᵇ (referring to לפעמו, Judges 13, 25) שהיתה שכינה מְקַשְׁקֶשֶׁת וכ׳ the Divine Presence rang before him as with a bell (see פַּעֲמוֹן); Bereshith Rabbah section 18 לקַשְׁקֵשׁ ‘Rashi’, see נָקַשׁ. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 862, see קִרְקִשׁ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 5ᵇ bottom of the page כיון … מקשקשת עיסתה וכ׳ when the woman slaps her dough with water etc. (see לָטַשׁ, a. קָטַף); Bereshith Rabbah section 14, beginning מְשַׁקְשֶׁקֶת; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 20; 32; Tanchuma Noah 1 (edition Buber edition נותנת מים בעיסה, incorr.). Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 67ᵃ top כדי … ומקשקש וכ׳ when a person may be placed on the summit of ʿofel, and dangle his feet in the brook of Kidron; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3 (2), 1 מְשַׁקְשֵׁק edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading מְקַשְׁקֵישׁ); Babylonian Taanith 22ᵇ וִישַׁכְשֵׁךְ. Bereshith Rabbah section 69 אפי׳ כן … מקשקשין וכ׳ yet it is for thy own good that they slap thee and polish (cleanse) thee from thy guilt (see מָרַק); the same place (ibid.) section 41 מְשַׁקְשְׁקִין; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 337. to slap and crush the earth under the olive tree; to hoe. Bava Metzia 89ᵇ, see עָדַר. Moed Katan 3ᵃ יכול לא יְקַשְׁקֵשׁ תחת וכ׳ lest you think that one may not hoe under the olive trees etc. (in the Sabbatical year). the same place (ibid.) תשמטנה מלְקַשְׁקֵשׁ וכ׳ ‘thou shalt let it rest’ (Exodus 23, 11) from hoeing etc.; Sukkah 44ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 354 (correct accordingly); and elsewhere Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַשְׁקֵשׁ to be shaken; to clap, ring. Chullin 74ᵇ כאגוז המִתְקַשְׁקֵשׁ וכ׳ like a nut that rattles in its shell. the same place (ibid.) 94ᵃ לגין המתקשקש a bottle which gives a sound when shaken (half-filled). the same place (ibid.) 125ᵃ מוח המתק׳ brain that shakes in the skull; and elsewhere—[Niddah 47ᵃ משׁיִתְקַשְׁקְשׁוּ הדדין when the breasts begin to shake (in walking), commentary or commentaries; see, however, קִשְׁקֵשׁ 2.] ↗ original

קַשְׁקֵשׁ to knock, strike, ring. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 43, 33. to hoe. Sukkah 44ᵇ לקַשְׁקוּשֵׁי כרמיא Munich manuscript (edition כרמים) to hoe in vineyards. the same place (ibid.) ומְקַשְׁקְשִׁין בכרמיא and hoe in etc. the same place (ibid.) וקַשְׁקוּשֵׁי מי שרי is it permitted to hoe (in the Sabbatical year)?; (Moed Katan 3ᵃ וקִשְׁקוּשׁ בשביעית וכ׳). ↗ original

קִשְׁקֵשׁ 2 (see קָשַׁשׁ 2) to straighten, shoot forth. Tosefta Eruvin 9 (6), 26, see קָשַׁט. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְקַשְׁקֵשׁ to become stiff, hard, be erected. Niddah 47ᵃ משׁיִתְקַשְׁקְשׁוּ הדדין when the breasts become stiff; (Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6, 4 משׁיִתְקַשּׁוּ; variant reading משיתקשקשו). ↗ original

קִשְׁקֵשׁ 3 to collect wood, rubbish etc., see קָשַׁשׁ I. ↗ original

קַשְׁקַשִׁיּוֹת , see next word ↗ original

קַשְׁקַשִּׁים (see קַשׁ) pieces of straw, chips etc. Kethuboth 60ᵃ צינור שעלו בו ק׳ a spout into which rubbish entered (stopping its outflow); Tosefta Eruvin 11 (8), 10 קִישׁוֹשׁוֹת (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) קִישׁוֹשִׁיּוֹת, other edition קַשְׁקַשִּׁיּוֹת). ↗ original

קַשְׂקַשִּׂים , see next word ↗ original

קַשְׂקֶשֶׂת [incision,] rough skin, coat of scales. Chullin 3, 7. Niddah 6, 9; Chullin 66ᵇ, see סְנַפִּיר. the same place (ibid.) 27ᵇ עופות … ק׳ ברגליהן וכ׳ fowls have on their feet a scaly skin like fishes, see חַסְפְּנִיתָא. the same place (ibid.) 66ᵇ הוה אמינא מאי ק׳ סנפיר I might have thought ḳasḳeseth (rough skin) refers to fins. the same place (ibid.) וממאי דק׳ לבושא הוא (Manuscript Rome 2 קלפי נינהו) and whence do we learn that ḳ. means a covering (scales)? (Answ. referring to I Samuel 17, 5); and frequently—Sifra Sh’mini, Sh’ratsim, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4, Parah 3 ק׳ אחת one set of scales.—plural קַשְׂקַשִּׂים, קַשְׂקַשִּׂין. the same place (ibid.) המרבה בק׳ וכ׳, see סְנַפִּיר. the same place (ibid.) (referring to אפיקי מגנים, Job 41, 7) אלו ק׳ that means scales; Chullin 67ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 3, 7 ואלו הן ק׳ הקבועין בו וכ׳ by ḳaskassin we mean those which are inflexible, by s’nappirin those with which the fish moves.—Tosefta Oholoth 17, 3 שדה ק׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) a. Rabbenu Shimshon to Oholoth 17, 1 קַסְקַסִּים) a field full of scales (where all sorts of refuse are deposited). ↗ original

קָשַׁר (Biblical Hebrew) [to strengthen, see Genesis 30, 41, and the following] to join, knot, tie; to fold. Shabbath 7, 2 הקוֹשֵׁר והמתיר he that makes a knot or unties it. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 10ᶜ שהיו קוֹשְׁרִין וכ׳ they knotted the ropes (of the Tabernacle). the same place (ibid.) נפסק היה קוֹשְׁרוֹ when a thread was broken (in weaving), one knotted it. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 8, end, 49ᵈ אפי׳ קושר וכ׳ even if he folds (the document) up, and then has it signed. the same place (ibid.) בשׁקְשָׁרוֹ וחתמו וכ׳ when he folded it and had it signed inside; and frequently—Transferred a) (compare חָרַז) to compose and arrange (a funeral song or eulogy). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 1, 38ᵇ קָשְׁרוּ הספידו they arranged his eulogy. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joḥ. 1), see מִסְפֵּד; and frequently—b) conceive, form an affection. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana B’shallaḥ, p. 80ᵃ הוא קושר לו אהבה וכ׳ he acquires love and affection for him; Bereshith Rabbah section 54; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 954; and elsewhere—participle passive קָשׁוּר; feminine קְשׁוּרָה etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 1, 49ᵇ top אילו יהושע שהיה ק׳ למשה וכ׳ a Joshua who was tied to Moses (his constant attendant) could not have spoken so (that Moses had not said a certain thing), and he says so (of R. Jeremiah)? Eruvin 2, 1 קְשׁוּרוֹת, see נָתַר. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 16, 15ᵈ top, see הֶסְפֵּד; and elsewhere Pi'el פִּעֵל קִישֵּׁר same, especially to fold a document, to write a portion and fold it and have witnesses signed on the fold, and so continue to the end of the document. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin the passage cited היה מְקַשֵּׁר ראשון ראשון if he folded up the signatures one by one; and elsewhere—participle passive מְקוּשָּׁר. מק׳ (גט) a folded document, opposite פָּשׁוּט. Bava Bathra 10, 1 גט פשוט … ומק׳ עדיו אחוריו a plain document has its signatures of witnesses inside, a folded one, on its back. the same place (ibid.) 160ᵃ and the following (referring to Jeremiah 32, 44) וכתוב … וחתום זה מק׳ ‘and write the deed’, this refers to the plain document, ‘and sign’, this means the folded document; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 10, beginning 17ᶜ (referring to Jeremiah the same place (ibid.) 11) את החתום זה המק׳ ואת הגלוי זה הפשוט שבמק׳ ‘the sealed’ means the folded, ‘and the open’ means the plain document which goes with the folded. the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page טופס שטרות מְקוּשָּׁרוֹת וכ׳ such is the formula of folded documents; and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נִקְשָׁר to be tied. Sanhedrin 108ᵇ כלב נ׳ the dog was doomed to be tied. to be joined, harden, become knotty. Shevi'ith 3, 1 משׁיִקָּשֵׁר (Mishnah edition משיקשור, incorr.) when the mathoḳ (see מָתוֹק 2) gets knotty excrescences; (Rabbenu Shimshon: when the dung in its juice becomes bound, begins to harden); explained Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 34ᶜ top משיעשה קשרין קשרין when it gets full of knotty excrescences; the same place (ibid.) מכיון שנקשר בו קשר וכ׳ Rabbenu Shimshon to Shevi'ith the passage cited (edition שנִתְקַשֵּׁר) as soon as the uppermost protuberance is formed, it begins to dry up. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְקַשֵּׁר same, to become knotty; to become thick. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith the passage cited, see above. Taanith 20ᵃ נִתְקַשְּׁרוּ שמים וכ׳, see עָב 2. Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּקְשָׁר to be tied, joined. Vayikra Rabbah section 30 יוּקְשְׁרוּ כולם אגודה וכ׳ let all of them be tied together with one band (of brotherhood; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 651 יֵעָשׂוּ כולן וכ׳). ↗ original

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