חḤeth, eighth letter of the Alphabet. It interchanges with א. ה a. ע, see letters א, a. ה; also with ג a. ק, as חבב, גבב, a. קבב; חָרָה a. גָּרָה etc.—For dialectical pronunciation, see ה"א a. חי"ת. ↗ original
חָאפוּן (see חָפַן) a handful, a grab. בן ח׳grabber (a play on כְּאָפוּן, see אָפיּן). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 43ᶜ bottom of the page (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 39ᵃ and the following בן חַמְצָן). ↗ original
חָבַב 1 (Biblical Hebrew) [to be arched; denominative חוֹב 2;] to bosom, love. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיבֵּב, חִבֵּבsame, same, to love, cherish; with לפני or בפני, to prefer. Shemoth Rabbah section 27; Tanchuma Yithro 4 Yithro is named חוֹבָב, שח׳ את וכ׳ because he loved the Law; Sifré Numbers 78. Shabbath 13ᵇ היו מְחַבְּבִין את הצרות they cherished the memory of past troubles (devoting memorial days to the relief from them). the same place (ibid.) 51ᵃ, and elsewhere כמה מחבבין זה את זה how they honor each other. Pesachim 100ᵃ בכל יום היית מחבב … בפני thou didst always prefer my opinions to those of R. J., and now thou embracest his opinion in my presence; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 10, beginning 37ᵇ; Tosefta Berachoth 5, 2; and frequently (denominative of חָבִיב) to make beloved. Bereshith Rabbah section 39 כדי לחַבְּבָהּ בעיניו in order to make him feel the dearness of home; כדי לחַבְּבוֹ וכ׳ to make him feel how dear was his son to him. ↗ original
חֲבַבPa'elחַבֵּיב same, to love, honor. Targum Proverbs 4, 8 חַבִּבְיָהּ honor her. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 33, 3; and frequently to make beloved. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.)—Shabbath 130ᵃ is it משום חַבּוּבֵי מצוה (Rashi חִיבּוּב) in order to show the high appreciation of the ceremony (of circumcision)?—the same place (ibid.) אלא לחַבּיּבֵי (Munich manuscript לחַבֵּב). Chullin 133ᵃ חבובי קא מְחַבֵּב וכ׳ does he (by taking hastily) prove his anxiety for the divine command, or etc.? Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיתְחַבֵּיבto be tied together (in affection). Targum I Samuel 18, 1 (Hebrew text נקשרה). ↗ original
*חָבַב 2 (see the preceding words) to embrace (in a fight), to wrestle. Tosefta Shevuoth 6, 2 כל זמן שהיו חוֹבְבִין זה את זה (variant reading חוֹכְכִין) as long as they were fighting each other, i.e. if the case comes up immediately after the fight took place; the same place (ibid.) Bava Kamma 9, 28 חוככין; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 7, 37ᵈ bottom of the page חוככין.—5. חֲבִיבָאֵי. ↗ original
חִבָּה (the preceding words) love, esteem, honor. Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) K. to 5, 14 בא לעולם בח׳ וכ׳ man enters the world with love (caressed by his nearest), and leaves with love. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 2, 64ᵈ top לשבעה מיתה של ח׳ a death after seven days of sickness is a death of (divine) love; (the same place (ibid.)ᶜ bottom of the page לשבעים מיתה של ח׳, read שֵׂיבָה).—Avoth 3, 14 ח׳ יתירה וכ׳ the greater divine love consists in its being made known to him etc. Chullin 33ᵃ, and elsewhere חִיבַּת הקדש מכשרתן the honor in which sacred objects are held makes them fit for levitical uncleanness (even without contact with liquids, see כָּשַׁר). Shemoth Rabbah section 2, and frequently לשון ח׳ the repetition of a name intimates endearment. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 4, 54ᵈ top לשון ח׳ (the word שֵׁכָר, Numbers 28, 7) expresses something dear; (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 49ᵇ; Bamidbar Rabbah section 21 שתייה).—Kethuboth 56ᵃ חיבת חופה וכ׳ the affection produced by the seclusion in the bridal department is the final act of possession. Bereshith Rabbah section 93; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 150 [read:] על חיבת העין כך על בעל אכסניא וכ׳ if this was done for a dear object of sight (our sister), how much more shall we do in defence of the host of the Lord (Benjamin, see אוּשְׁפִּיזְכָן); and frequently—Chaldaic חִיבְּתָא. ↗ original
חֵבָה (חבא) reserve, storage. Bava Kamma 101ᵇ שגיבבן בחיבה Munich manuscript (other בחבה; edition בחֵבָא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) which he gathered up for storage; Sukkah 40ᵃ לחוּבָה edition (manuscript manuscript 2 בחיבה, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 200). ↗ original
חָבוּט (חָבַט) pressed down, especially ḥabut, a legal fiction by which an inclined projection is assumed to be like a horizontal plane. Eruvin 9ᵃ או לבוד … או ח׳ אמרינן וכ׳ either we assume the fiction of a junction (see לָבוּד) or of ḥabut, but both of them we do not assume. [Rashi reads חֲבוֹט or Chaldaic (Aramaic) חביט, as imperative: press it down.] ↗ original
חֲבוֹלָהpledge. Tanchuma Beshallach 19 (referring to חבל תחבל, Exodus 22, 25) … חָבַלְתָּ ח׳ אחת חֲבוֹלוֹת הרבה if thou seizest a pledge once, thou wilt finally be seized many times (compare Shemoth Rabbah section 31, quoted under the word מַשְׁכּוֹן); Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 257; Mechilta Beshallach, Vayassa, section 1 (correct accordingly). Tosefta Kethuboth 11, 8 המלוה … על חֲבִילָה וכ׳ if one gives a loan on a pawn etc.—plural חֲבוֹלוֹת, see above (Yalkut Shimoni the passage cited חֲבֹלוֹת). ↗ original
חֲבוּלְיָא (חבל; see Nöld. Mand. Gr. p. 146, and the following) interest, usury (Hebrew נֶשֶׁךְ). Targum Onkelos Exodus 22, 24 חֲ׳ edition Berlin edition (other edition חִ׳). Targum Psalms 15, 5; and elsewhere—Moed Katan 28ᵇ (in a funeral dirge) מותא כי מותא ומרעין חי׳ death is death (paying a debt), but sufferings are the interests. ↗ original
חַבּוּרָא 2 (חבר) charmer.—plural construct state חַבּוּרֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 18, 11 חַבּוּרֵי חֲבוּרֵי בישין (not חֲבוּרָא) those who conjure up companies of evil (demons). ↗ original
חֲבוּרָה 1 (חָבַר) company, association, party; esp. those united for eating the Passover lamb in company (Exodus 12, 4); the colleagues at school (see חָבֵר); the college. Pesachim 7, 3, and frequently בני ח׳ the members of a Passover party. the same place (ibid.) אם חֲבוּרַת כהנים if it is a party consisting of priests only. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 10, 37ᵈ top שלא יהא עומד מח׳ זו וכ׳ that one should not rise from one party and join another; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 119ᵇ, see אֶפִּיקוֹמָן; and frequently—Berachoth 9ᵇ במעמד כל הח׳ in the presence of the whole college. Nedarim 81ᵃ הזהרו בח׳ beware of disregarding the benefits of collegiate studies. Vayikra Rabbah section 2, end חֲבוּרָתוֹ של משה the disciples of Moses; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 23ᵃ top דוחין אותו מחבורתו, see חֲבֵירוּת.—plural חֲנוּרוֹת. Pesachim 9, 10; and frequently ↗ original
חַבּוּרָהa mark of violence, wound, discoloring. Bava Kamma 8, 1 מקום שאינו עושה ח׳ a spot on which no wound is made by burning (e.g. on the nail). Sanhedrin 11, 1 (85ᵇ) עד שיעשה בהן ח׳ unless by striking them he creates a wound; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 11, beginning 30ᵃ באיזו ח׳ כחַבּוּרַת שבת כח׳ נזקין what wound is meant here? One the creating of which would be a Sabbath offence (discoloring), or one of the kind required for claiming damages?; Mechilta Mishpatim, N’zikin, section 5 מכה שיש בה ח׳ (in order to be punishable with death) it must be a beating which makes a wound (or a sore). Shabbath 107ᵇ ח׳ שאינה חוזרת a permanent discoloring, the same place (ibid.) מניין לח׳ שאינה וכ׳ whence is it proven that by ḥabburah a permanent (not a momentary) discoloring is meant?— Kethuboth 3ᵇ עושה ח׳ he makes a wound (by tearing the hymen). the same place (ibid.) 5ᵇ מקלקל בח׳ destroying by making a hole, מתקן בח׳ amending by etc.; and very frequently—plural חבּוּרוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 23; and elsewhere ↗ original
חַבּוּרְתָּא Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 38, see חִגַּרְתָּא ↗ original
חֲבוּרְתָּא , company etc.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᶜ top וחֲבוּרְתֵּיה and his disciples. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 2, 41ᶜ כד הוה מורי בחבורתיה when teaching in his college; and elsewhere—plural חֲבוּרָתָא. Moed Katan 27ᵇ ח׳ איכא במתא there are burial societies in the place. ↗ original
חָבוּשׁ (Syriac (Peshitta) חבושא, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1187) name of a fruit, quince (see, however, Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 143)—plural חֲבוּשִׁין. Shabbath 45ᵃ: Betzah 26ᵇ. Tosefta Terumoth 7, 13 חובשין ודרמסקנין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading עובטין; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, 45ᵈ ענבים ואובשין). [חָבוּשׁ prisoner, see חָבַשׁ.] ↗ original
חָבוּשָׁא Kethuboth 60ᵇ.—plural חֲבוּשֵׁי. Sanhedrin 39ᵃ ↗ original
חֲבוּשָׁא (חבש) imprisonment. Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 9 לחֲבוּשִׁי לית את סקר my being imprisoned thou dost not take into consideration.—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 39, 20 בית חֲבוּשָׁה (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חֲבוּשְׁיָא) prison↗ original
חָבַט [to use force,] to press down. Eruvin 42ᵇ תקרת … חוֹבֶטֶת the roofing of the house presses upon him (keeps him mindful of the Sabbath limit); see חָבוּט. Bava Metzia 80ᵇ חֲבָטוֹ לאלתר (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חבסו, see חָבַס) the load pressed him down immediately (before he could find out that it was too heavy for him). Sanhedrin 19ᵇ חֲבָטָן בקרקע pressed them into the ground. Sukkah 4, 6 (45ᵃ) חוֹבְטִין אותן ע"ג קרקע בצידי המזבח Munich manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 10) they laid them down closely upon one another on the ground by the altar (opposite to זוקפין, the same place (ibid.) 4, 4). Kethuboth 39ᵃ צער שחֲבָטָהּ ע"ג וכ׳ ‘the pain’ (Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 3, 4) refers to his pressing her down on the hard ground. to force, to knock open, especially to knock upon olives to make them burst, before putting them under the press, or upon ears to thresh the grain out. Shemoth Rabbah section 36, beginning מורידין … ונחבט ומשחוֹבְטִין וכ׳ they take the olive down and it is knocked upon, and after knocking it, they put it into the vat (corresp. to כתש, Menachoth 8, 4). the same place (ibid.) באין או"ה … וחובטין … ממקום וכ׳ the gentiles come and knock them (the Israelites) from place to place. Menachoth 10, 4; and elsewhere—participle pass. חָבוּטmashed. Shabbath 80ᵇ בח׳ when the lime is mashed (and mixed with water); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, 11ᵇ bottom of the page בחביט (correct accordingly). to lay down for receiving lashes, in gen. to punish, bind over. Gittin 9, 8 ובנכרים חובטין אותו וכ׳ but when the gentile authorities bind him over and say, Do as the Israelites tell thee, (the letter of divorce so enforced) is valid (different interpretation or differently interpreted version in Yerushalmi (prefix) edition); Tosefta Yevamoth 12, 13.—Tosefta Sotah 15, 7 מסרוהו לבעל זמורה וחֲבָטוֹ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) variant reading (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, 24ᵇ top וחבשו) they gave him in charge of the rod-bearer (see זְמוֹרָה), and he tried to force him (into submission). Middoth 1, 2 חוֹבְטוֹ במקלו he punishes him with his cane. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְבַּטto be knocked upon; to strike against. Shemoth Rabbah section 36, see above.—Kethuboth 36ᵇ מפני שנֶחְבֶּטֶת וכ׳ because the blind girl may have struck against something (and fallen, so as to have lost her virginity by the shock). Chullin 51ᵇ עוף שנ׳ על וכ׳ a bird that fell with force upon water.—Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 8, see below. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיבֵּטto press down, throw down. Kethuboth the passage cited חִיבְּטָהּ ע"ג שיראין if he forced her down on (soft) silk garments. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַבֵּט, נִתְחַבֵּטto prostrate one’s self (in prayer, in deep commotion). Bereshith Rabbah section 91 היה מִתְחַבֵּט לפני רגליו וכ׳ he threw himself to the feet of every one etc. (with referring to Genesis 42, 21). Bereshith Rabbah section 70; Bamidbar Rabbah section 8, end; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 123 דבר שנתח׳ וכ׳ a thing for which that patriarch (Jacob) begged in prostration; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 8 שנֶחְבַּט. Devarim Rabbah section 2, beginning עכשיו הוא מתחנן ומתח׳ now he supplicates and prostrates himself; and frequently ↗ original
חֲבַטto knock; to strike, punish. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 24, 20. Targum Judges 6, 11. Targum Isaiah 28, 27 (Regia: מְחַבְּטִיןPa'el).—Targum Proverbs 28, 3 מטרא חָבֵיטָא (not חֲבִיטָא) a prostrating rain (Hebrew text סחף). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 17, 16ᵇ top דו חָבֵיט ביה; Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, 60ᶜ חֲבַט, see זַיָּירָא.—Bereshith Rabbah section 7, and elsewhere חֲבוֹט חבטך, see חֲבָטָא. Bava Bathra 58ᵃ חֲבוֹטוּ (not חובטו), see חֲבִיטָא. to throw down. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᶜ top חַבְטִין תורא בחילא Ash. to Chullin 51ᵃ (edition בחייליה) threw an ox down with force (before slaughtering).—participle pass. חְבִיט, feminine חֲבִיטָאprostrated. Kethuboth 10ᵃ מברכתא ח׳ ליה is Mabrakhta (i.e. all the women of ill repute of M.) prostrated before him (so that he is an expert in such matters)? [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 8, 11ᵇ bottom of the page בחביט, see the preceding] Pa'el פִּעֵל חַבֵּיטto shake, agitate. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 25, 8 (edition Amsterdam edition Pe.) he shook (the spear). Targum Esther 6, 1.—Sukkah 44ᵇ ח׳ ח׳ ולא וכ׳ he shook it repeatedly but said no benediction. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיחַבֵּט as the precedingNif'al Kethuboth 36ᵇ כולהו במי חַבּוּטֵי מִיחַבְּטֵי all girls (even if not blind) may receive a shock by falling. ↗ original
חֶבֶט 1 common gender (חָבַט 1) fastening; ח׳ של סנדל thongs of a sandal joined in a knot (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Sandalium). Mikvaoth 10, 3.—plural (חוֹבְטִין) חֲבָטִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 12, 12ᵈ top והן שיהו חו׳ של עץ this means that the thongs be of wood (of the vegetable kingdom; other version מעמידין, תרסיות). the same place (ibid.) נפסקו חֲבָטָיו (omitted Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 4, 5, a. Shabbath 112ᵃ) if its thongs are broken; נפסקה … אחת מח׳ if one set of its thongs is broken; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 5, 8ᵃ חבתיו (correct accordingly; omitted Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 12 (13), 14). ↗ original
חֶבֶט 2 (חָבַט, see Nif'al) shock, lesion through a fall. Bava Kamma 50ᵇ לחֲבָטוֹ, see הֶבֶל. the same place (ibid.) חבטו קרקע וכ׳ (not חבטה or חבטא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 1; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 341) as to the shock which the animal suffered, it is the natural ground which injured it, see קַרְקַע↗ original
חֲבָטָא , also stroke, blow. Chullin 8ᵃ ח׳ קדים וכ׳ does the effect of the blow come first (and create an inflammation, שחין), and the effect of the heat follows (creating a burn, מכוה) etc.?—Bava Metzia 116ᵇ אי בחבסא נפל אי בה׳ נפל whether the building fell through pressure (in which case the lower portion of the materials would be more affected), or through a shock.—Bereshith Rabbah section 7 חבוט חֲבָטָךְ go on with thy beating; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 23; Tanchuma Chukkath 6 חֲבִיטָךְ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᶜ bottom of the page חבוטך.—Esp. the beating of olives. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 2) בשעת ח׳ in the season of beating; the same place (ibid.) חבטה (correct accordingly).—plural חֲבָטַיָּאolives ready for beating. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 55ᵇ bottom of the page [read:] ההוא הוה בנציא ואת בח׳ that one (dreamt of olives) in the blooming stage, but thou of olives ripe for beating. ↗ original
חבטי , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 7, 37ᵈ, see חֲבִיבָאֵי ↗ original
חבי (Biblical Hebrew) to cover, hide.—participle pass. (frequently חבה) חָבוּי, feminine חֲבוּיָה. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 1 (play on חׄבׄצׄלׄת, the same place (ibid.)) חׄבׄויה בצׄלׄן של מצרים hidden (disregarded) in the shade of Egypt; ח׳ בצלו של ים nearly covered up by the darkness of the Sea; ח׳ בצלו של סיני nearly covered up by the shade of Sinai (threatening to fall upon me) etc.—the same place (ibid.) שח׳ בְצֵלָהּ its (the young lily’s) onion is hidden (its leaves not being unfolded).—the same place (ibid.) כל מתי … חֲבוּיִים בי all the dead of the world are buried in me (the earth). Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְבָּאto be hidden. Shabbath 60ᵃ היו נֶחְבָּאִין וכ׳ they hid in a cave. Taanith 23ᵇ, see below. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְבִּיאto hide. Taanith the passage cited they named him חנן הנחבא מפני שה׳ עצמו Munich manuscript (edition שהיה מַחְבִּיא) because he hid himself (in his modesty). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 5, 30ᵃ top (play on בתי כְלָאִים, Isaiah 42, 22) בית שמַחְבִּיאִין … כִּלְאַיִם a garden house in which it is permitted to keep plants of a different species (from the surrounding vines). Sotah 34ᵇ (play on נחבי) שה׳ וכ׳ he hid (suppressed) the word of God (truth); Tanchuma Sh’laḥ 6 שה׳ את דבריו he suppressed the words he ought to have said; the same place (ibid.) Haăz. 7. [Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joshua 2) מחבי חביים, read: מחבר חברים, see חָבַר.] Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַבֵּאto hide one’s self. Midrash Proverbs Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9; Tanchuma Ki Thabo 2 מִתְחַבְּאִים trying to hide themselves. ↗ original
חֲבֵי Bechoroth 43ᵇ, see below. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַבֵּא,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיחְבֵּיto hide one’s self; to be hidden, covered. Targum Lamentations 1, 3. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 7, 19, and the following (edition pr. = O. אתחפ׳).—Bechoroth 43ᵇ דחַבְיָא מִיחְבֵּי (Rashi, edition מִחְ׳) when the head is hidden (between the shoulders). Bava Kamma 60ᵇ מִחְבֵּי חַבּוּיֵי וכ׳ he hides himself and walks (by the way-sides). ↗ original
חָבִיב 1 (חָבַב) beloved, dear, precious; favored, privileged. Avoth 2, 10 יהי … ח׳ עליך וכ׳ let thy neighbor’s honor be as dear to thee as thine own. the same place (ibid.) 3, 14 ח׳ אדם וכ׳ man is privileged (favored of God) in that he was created etc.; and very frequently—plural חֲבִיבִים, חֲבִיבִין. Berachoth 5ᵇ ח׳ עליך וסורין are sufferings dear to thee (as divine trials)?—Yoma 52ᵃ ח׳ ישראל וכ׳ Israel is favored, for the Lord made them independent of a mediator; and very frequently—Fem.חֲבִיבָה. Tosefta Berachoth 7, 24; Berachoth 63ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 9, end, 14ᵈ ח׳ תורה וכ׳ the Law is appreciated. Pesachim 68ᵇ כמה ח׳ מצוה בשעתה how much more preferable is a religious act when done betimes; and elsewhere—plural חֲבִיבוֹת. Sotah 13ᵃ כמה ח׳ … על וכ׳ how dear were religious acts to Moses. ↗ original
חָבִיב Targum Jeremiah 31, 19; and frequently—plural חֲבִיבִין, חֲבִיבַיָּא. Targum Isaiah 1, 4. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 26, 18; and elsewhere—Fem.חֲבִיבָא; חֲבִיבְתָּא (as noun). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 44, 30 (Hebrew text קשורה, compare חֲבַבIthpaal).—Targum Song of Songs 6, 4. ↗ original
חָבִיב ² (the preceding) [connected,] uncle, father’s brother. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 10, 4; and elsewhere—Bava Bathra 41ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 10, beginning, 7ᵇ; and frequently—Fem.חֲבִיבְתָּאaunt, father’s brother’s wife. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 6, 20; and elsewhere— mother-in-law. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 27, 23 (Hebrew text חתנת־). ↗ original
חֲבִיבָא 3Ḥăbiba, name of several Amoraim. Yoma 10ᵃ; Bava Metzia 85ᵇ רב ח׳ בר סורמקי (Munich manuscript חֲבִיבַי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note).—the same place (ibid.) אמר רב ח׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim the passage cited). Shabbath 54ᵇ, and elsewhere, see זָוָוא I. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᵇ top ר׳ חביבה; and frequently—5. Friedman M’bo p. 79ᵇ ↗ original
*חֲבִיבָאֵי (see חָבַב 2) wrestlers, a case of assault and battery without witnesses. Tosefta Shevuoth 6, 2 ר׳ יהודה היה קורא אותה ח׳ (variant reading edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) הנחכין) R. Judah called such a case (in Chaldaic (Aramaic))ḥăbibaé; the same place (ibid.) Bava Kamma 11, 28 (our word a. אותה omitted in edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), variant reading אותה הכחכא, אותה כאי); Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 7, 37ᵈ bottom of the page קורא חבטי. ↗ original
חֲבִיבוּתָא (חֲבִיב) love, attachment, divine favor. Shabbath 88ᵇ ועדיין ח׳ היא גבן (Munich manuscript חֲבִיבוּתֵיה הוא) and yet (in spite of our defection) the divine love is with us; Gittin 36ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Song of Songs 983. Arachin 16ᵇ אגב ח׳ וכ׳ on account of the extreme friendship etc. ↗ original
חֶבְיוֹנָא (חבי; Biblical Hebrew secret place, recess.— plural construct state חֶבְיוֹנֵי. Targum Song of Songs 2, 14 ח׳ דַּרְגָּתָא (edition Lagarde edition דַּרְגִּיתָא, Hebrew text סתר המדרגה). Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 10, 20. ↗ original
חֶבְיוֹנָה (diminutive of חָבִית) a small vessel, flask with flat sides.—plural חֶבְיוֹנוֹת. Kelim 2, 2; Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 2, 2 אֶבְיוֹנוֹת (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) אובינות). ↗ original
חֲבִיט participle passive of חֲבַט. (חֲבַט) flail, cudgel. [Tanchuma Chukkath 6 חביטך, see חֲבָטָא.]—plural חֲבִיטֵי. Bava Bathra 58ᵃ [read:] שקילו ח׳ חבוטו אקיברא וכ׳ (see Munich manuscript a. Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) take cudgels and beat on the grave of your father, until etc. ↗ original
חביים , Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joshua 2) מחבי ח׳, read: מחבר חברים, see חָבַר↗ original
חֲבִיל (see חֲבַל I) to get sick. Bava Metzia 97ᵃ ח׳ ומית got sick (from overeating itself) and died. ↗ original
חֲבֵילwoe!, see חֲבַל 2. [Targum Proverbs 4, 13, see הֵיכֵיל.] ↗ original
חֲבֵיל ² (see חַבְלָא 2) proper noun Ḥăbel Yamma (district of the sea), a Babylonian district (see Berlin edition Geogr. p. 34, and the following; Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 327). Kiddushin 72ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 65ᵈ top (not חבול); Bereshith Rabbah section 37 חֲבֵל. ↗ original
חֲבִילא 1 (חבל) injury, loss. Moed Katan 28ᵇ ויי לאזלא ויי לח׳ (Munich manuscript לחִבּוּלָא) woe for him that is gone, woe for the loss!—Bechoroth 8ᵇ מנא דלא שוי חֲבִילֵיה (Rashi חבליה) a utensil which is not worth the damage which it causes. ↗ original
חֲבִילָא 2 (see next word) bundle.— plural חֲבִילִין. Vayikra Rabbah section 14 (proverb) אשתרי חד חבלא אשתרו תרין ח׳ if one rope is untied, two bundles are loosened. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth), a. edition Vilna edition חַבְלִין.] ↗ original
חֲבִילָה (חָבַל 2) connection, whatever is in a connected state. Kelim 18, 9 המטה מיטמאת ח׳ וכ׳ a couch gets unclean only when combined, and can become clean again etc., opposite איברים; Sukkah 16ᵃ bundle, load, baggage, luggage. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 10, 47ᵇ top, see זֵיר. Bava Metzia 72ᵇ המוליך ח׳ וכ׳ if one carries a load (as a messenger) from one place to another (where prices are higher). Kiddushin 65ᵇ וח׳ עמהם and have luggage with them. Bava Metzia 78ᵃ כשבאת ח׳ לידו when the working man has left a bundle (of tools) with him (as a pledge that he will come to work); and frequently—plural חֲבִילוֹת, חֲבִילִין, construct state (mostly) חֲבִילֵי. Shabbath 18, 2 ח׳ קש וכ׳ bundles of straw etc.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 7, beginning 11ᵃ מג׳ ח׳ from three different bundles (of hyssop). Bava Kamma 10ᵃ bottom of the page מרבה בח׳ Munich manuscript (edition singular) one adding bundles (of dry twigs) to the fire.—Berachoth 49ᵃ, and elsewhere אין עושין מצות ח׳ ח׳ we must not perform religious duties bundle-wise (but pay attention to each singly). Eruvin 54ᵇ (referring to Proverbs 13, 11) אם עושה … ח׳ ח׳ מתמעטת Oxford manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) if one studies bundle-wise (too many subjects at a time), his learning will decrease (edition מתמעט he will become poorer in learning). Bava Metzia 84ᵇ הקפתנו ח׳ תשובות וכ׳ Munich manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) thou hast surrounded us with bundles of arguments which contain no substance; and frequently band, bandage. Avodah Zarah 10ᵇ, and the following נתפרדה ח׳ the bond (of friendship between the two nations) is severed—plural חֲבִילִין. Vayikra Rabbah section 14; Yalkut Shimoni Job 905 עשוייה … ח׳ ח׳ consists of cells, convolutions and bands (muscles). pledge, see חֲבוֹלָה. ↗ original
חָבִיץ (חבץ) a dish of flour, honey and oil beaten into a pulp;חֲ׳ קדרה a ḥabits boiled in a pot. Berachoth 36ᵇ, see אַבְרוֹשַׁךְ.—Bereshith Rabbah section 48. ↗ original
חָבִיצָאsame. Berachoth 37ᵇ; Menachoth 75ᵇ חֲבִיצָה (fem.; Munich manuscript חמעא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 6, beginning 39ᶜ ח׳ דתמרי a cake of pressed dates. Bava Metzia 99ᵇ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חִיבּוּצָא, Manuscript Hamburg הוצצא). ↗ original
חֲבִישָׁה (חָבַשׁ) imprisonment. Sanhedrin 78ᵇ ח׳ מנא לן whence do we derive the right of committing to prison (to await the result of wounds afflicted)?—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 12, 12ᵈ bottom of the page בית ח׳ דר׳ וכ׳ the prison where R. Akiba was confined. ↗ original
חָבִית (חבב, as גָּזִית frequently גזז, see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Talmud Dictionary 2, 2021) an arched, pouched vessel, (earthen) wine jug. Bava Kamma 3, 1 (27ᵃ, identical with כַּד); and frequently—Kelim 2, 3 ח׳ של שייטין the swimmers’ bottle (used for practicing).—plural חָבִיּוֹת. the same place (ibid.) 2 ח׳ לודיות Lyddean jugs, smaller than לחמיות Bethlehem bottles. Niddah 6ᵇ, see גּוּף I Hebrew; and frequently ↗ original
חָבִיתָא Bava Kamma 27ᵃ. Shabbath 74ᵇ דעביד ח׳ who makes an earthen jug (on the Sabbath); and elsewhere—plural חָבִיָּיתָא. the same place (ibid.) 110ᵃ אתרתי ח׳ Munich manuscript (edition חָבִיָּתָא) on two jugs. ↗ original
חֲבִיתִּים a sort of cakes (compare מַחֲבַת). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 1, beginning 38ᵃ נאמר תמיד בח׳ the word tamid is used in connection with ḥăbittin (Leviticus 6, 13). the same place (ibid.) אין ח׳ מעכבת (supply (understood word) הקרבת) the offering of the cakes at the Highpriest’s inauguration is no indispensable requirement. Menachoth 11, 3 חֲבִיתֵּי כ"ג the cakes at the Highpriest’s inauguration. ↗ original
חָבַלto seize, to take a pledge. Mechilta Beshallach, Vayassa, section 1, and elsewhere, see חֲבוֹלָה.—Bava Metzia 9, 13 (115ᵃ) החוֹבֵל את הריחים he who seizes millstones (for his debt); and frequently to twist (see חֶבֶל); to do violence, unshape; to inflict a wound, to hurt (followed by ב of the object). Bava Kamma 8, 1 החוֹבֵל בחבירו he who injures his neighbor. Shabbath 14, 1. the same place (ibid.) 106ᵃ חובל בצריך לכלבו one who wounds (an animal on the Sabbath is guilty) when he needs the blood for his dog. the same place (ibid.) חובל בעלמא one who wounds generally (not for a purpose); and frequently to writhe, travail, see Pi'elNif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְבַּלto be seized. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 351 שניתן לֵיחָבֵל ביום (Bava Metzia 114ᵇ לַחֲבוֹל) which may be seized as a pledge in day time. to be injured. Tosefta Bava Kamma 9, 29 אע"פ שלא … מן הנֶחְבָּל וכ׳ although the injurer does not ask the injured (to pray for him), the injured must pray etc.; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיבֵּלto injure, wound; to unshape, ruin, spoil. Berachoth 51ᵃ יש לי … לחַבֵּל I have permission to injure (kill). Bava Kamma 91ᵇ לחַבֵּל בעצמו to mutilate one’s self.—Kelim 14, 2 משיְחַבֵּל from the moment he batters (the tube, for fitting it into the top of the staff); Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 4, 5 משיִחְבּוֹל, see חָבַר. Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 (play on חִבֵּל, Proverbs 23, 34) שחִבְּלָתוֹ יעל וכ׳ whom Jael mutilated on his head. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 301 חִבַּלְתֶּם מעשיכם you have ruined (turned to evil) your deeds. Sanhedrin 24ᵃ מְחַבְּלִין זה לזה וכ׳ (Manuscript Karlsruhe זה את זה) wound each other’s feelings in discussions; and frequently to travail. Taanith 8ᵃ bottom of the page מְחַבֶּלֶת ואינה יולדת (Rashi: חוֹבֶלֶת) travails but cannot give birth.—Pass. pass. מְחוּבָּלruined. Shemoth Rabbah section 30. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַבֵּלto be spoiled, ruined. Mechilta Beshallach, Vayassa, section 1 נותן דבר המְחַבֵּל לתוך דבר המִתְחַבֵּל he puts a thing which spoils (the taste) into a thing which is spoiled. ↗ original
חֲבַל 1 , fut. יַחְבּוֹלsame, to wrong, be violent. Targum Job 34, 31. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַבֵּילto injure; to ruin, destroy etc. (corresp. to Biblical Hebrew הִשְׁחִית). Targum Onkelos Leviticus 19, 27. Targum Genesis 6, 12; and frequently—participle pass. מְחַבַּלmutilated, blemished. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 23, 2. Targum Malachi 1, 14.—Bava Kamma 87ᵃ אי בעי מְחַבֵּל בה לא מצי חַבֵּיל Munich manuscript (edition מתח׳, incorr.) if he desired to wound her (his daughter), he dared not. to travail. Denom. מְחַבַּלְתָּא. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַבַּלto be corrupted, destroyed. Targum Genesis 6, 11, and the following Targum Job 17, 1; and elsewhere [Targum Psalms 62, 11, see הֲבַל.]—Ithpeel אִיחֲבַל to get sick. Bava Metzia 97ᵃ ואי׳ ומית Manuscript Hamburg (edition חֲבִיל). ↗ original
חֲבַל 2 (the preceding) injury, see חַבְלָא I. 1. woe!, Oh! (compare בִּיָּיא 2). Targum Job 10, 15 (variant reading חֲבֵיל, חֲבוֹל); and elsewhere—[Also in Hebr. diction] Nedarim 74ᵇ ח׳ עליך וכ׳ woe unto thee! (a pity) that etc. Sanhedrin 111ᵃ; Shemoth Rabbah section 6, and elsewhere ח׳ על דאבדין וכ׳ Oh, for those who are gone and cannot be replaced! Shemoth Rabbah section 26; Mechilta Beshallach, Vayassa, section 6 (proverb) נפל ביתא ח׳ לכוותא (not אבל) when the house falls, woe to the windows!; and frequently (adverb) to ruin. Pesachim 20ᵇ תשפך ח׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 9) it must be poured out (and go) to ruin; Bava Kamma 116ᵃ (edition הכל, correct accordingly, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 30), opposite to תעשה זילוף, see זִילּוּף. ↗ original
חֶבֶלrope, a measure of dimensions, rope’s length. Bereshith Rabbah section 93 קשר ח׳ בח׳ tied rope to rope, see נִימָא; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1. Eruvin 5, 4 וכ׳ אין מודדין אלא בח׳ Sabbath distances must be measured with a rope of fifty cubits’ length. the same place (ibid.) 58ᵃ, see אַפְסְקִימָא. Bava Bathra 7, 2 (103ᵇ) מדה בח׳ measured with the rope (exact dimensions). Peah 4, 5 על הח׳ in a straight line, see לָקַט; and frequently—plural חֲבָלִים. Eruvin the passage cited ג׳ ח׳ הם וכ׳ there are three kinds of ropes (used for legal purposes).—Transferred share, possession. Sifré Deuteronomy 312 אין ח׳ אלא גורל ḥebel means lot; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֵבֶלwrithing, throes of birth, agony. Sanhedrin 98ᵇ, and elsewhere חֶבְלוֹ של משיח the sufferings which are to precede the advent of the Messiah.—plural חֲבָלִים, construct state חֶבְלֵי. Niddah 31ᵃ ח׳ נקבה the pains at giving birth to a female. the same place (ibid.) חבלי של נקבה (read: חבלים). the same place (ibid.) וזהו ח׳ אשה and this is the cause of woman’s throes. damage, injury. Mechilta Mishpatim, N’zikin, section 8 ח׳ אשה לבעל the damages for a wife’s injury belong to her husband. ↗ original
חֶבְלָא —plural חֲבָלִין, חֶבְלִין, חִיבְ׳. Targum Isaiah 13, 8. the same place (ibid.) 21, 3; and elsewhere ↗ original
חַבְלָא 1 (the preceding) injury, ruin. [Daniel 3, 25 חֲבַל. Ezra 4, 22 חֲבָלָא.]—Constr. חֲבַל. Targum Job 5, 21. the same place (ibid.) 22 (edition Vilna edition חַבֵּל). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 22, 10 גובא דח׳ (= Hebrew בְּאֵר שַׁחַת). Targum Jonah 2, 7; and elsewhere—Bava Kamma 89ᵇ בחַבְלֵיה for the injury he sustained. Bechoroth 8ᵇ חַבְלֵיה Rashi, see חֲבִילָא. Sanhedrin 100ᵇ ליזול לח׳ go to ruin. ↗ original
חַבְּלָא = Hebrew חַבָּלָה, destruction. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 4, 25 מלאך ח׳ (2 מְחַבְּלָא). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 22, 10 (2 some edition חַבָּלָה), see the preceding↗ original
חַבְלָא 2 Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew חֶבֶל, rope, measure. Targum 2 Samuel 8, 2.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 8, end, 23ᵃ צווח לסיפיה דח׳ וכ׳ called the ending point of a rope measure its head. Vayikra Rabbah section 14, see חֲבִילָא 2.—Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 10 אייתון חַבְלָה וכ׳ get a rope and tie it etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 49 את תפיש ח׳ וכ׳ thou seizest the rope by both ends (demanding justice and mercy); Vayikra Rabbah section 10, beginning; and frequently—plural חַבְלִין, חַבְלֵי. Targum 2 Samuel the passage cited Targum Proverbs 5, 22; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᶜ top, see אֶלִּיקָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 74ᵈ bottom of the page עבד ח׳ וכ׳ make ropes and catch deers. district. Constr. חֲבַל, see חֲבֵיל. ↗ original
חֲבָלָה (חָבַל) injury, mayhem; damages for mayhem. Bava Kamma 87ᵃ ח׳ למי to whom belong the damages? the same place (ibid.) 91ᵃ bottom of the page כי לא … לח׳ דחסריה ממונא we disallow payment in instalments only for the injury, because he caused a loss of money (to the wounded person); and frequently—plural חֲבָלוֹת. the same place (ibid.) Sanhedrin 1, 1, see גְּזֵילָה; and frequently ↗ original
חָבַס (compare חָבַט) to crush, press down. Bava Metzia 80ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see חָבַט. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְבַּסto be crushed. Chullin 42ᵇ גולגולת שנֶחְכְּסָה וכ׳ a skull the larger portion of which is crushed. ↗ original
חָבַץ , Pi. חִיבֵּץ (compare חָבַט) to beat milk etc. into a pulp, to make a pulp, to scramble. Shabbath 95ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 9 (10), 13 המְחַבֵּץ והמגבן he who makes thick milk (on the Sabbath, other opinion in Rashi: who presses thick milk in a bag to let the fluid run out). the same place (ibid.) 12 (13), 14 ובלבד שלא יְחַבֵּץ (variant reading יַחְבֹּוץ, see edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) note) provided, he does not beat it into a pulp. T’bul Yom 2, 4 אם חי׳ if the unclean person stirred (the jelly with the oil on top). Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 2, 50ᵃ top; and elsewhere [Yerushalmi (prefix) Orlah 1, 61ᵇ top המחבץ, read: המחמץ.] ↗ original
חֲבַצֶּלֶת , see חוֹב 2, a. בצל; see Ges. H. Dictionary10 under the word) young lily, before its leaves are unfolded. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 1 כ"ז שהיא קטנה קורא אותה ח׳ וכ׳ as long as the lily is small, it is named ḥ., when it is full-grown it is named shoshannah; see חָבָא. ↗ original
חָבַקto embrace, press, fasten. participle pass. חָבוּק, plural חֲבוּקִיןclinging to, creeping (of vines). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 6, beginning, 30ᵇ ח׳ לכותל creeping up the wall. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיבֵּקto embrace. Pesikta Rabbati section 3 באין ומְחַבְּקִין וכ׳ they shall come and embrace Rachel’s grave; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַבֵּקto embrace one another, make love. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, 61ᶜ מִתְחַבֵּק עם וכ׳ making love to thy wife; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 6ᵃ bottom of the page מְחַבֵּק. ↗ original
חֲבַק , Pa'elחַבֵּקsame. Targum Proverbs 4, 8 חַבֵּיקְיָהּ embrace her (Wisdom). the same place (ibid.) 5, 20; and elsewhere—Pesachim 111ᵇ חַבְּקֵיה לדיקלא (Munich manuscript חנקיה, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note, Rashi נפלא אדיקלא, Rashb. נפקא אד׳) he threw his arms around the tree. to fold hands, compare חֲבִינָנוּתָא. Targum Proverbs 6, 10 (Hebrew text חִבֻּק). ↗ original
חֶבֶק (the preceding words) junction;loop of ribands on the shoe, ankle loop. Niddah 58ᵃ עד מקום ה׳ the part of the leg to the place where the loop sits (is called the inside of the leg); וח׳ עצמו and (if blood is found) on the ankle itself. [Oth. opinion: ‘the place where the leg meets the thigh in a squatting position’, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh)—‘the knee-hole with its sinews’, Rashi.] riband around the neck.— plural חֲבָקִין. Shabbath 57ᵃ a band with which the saddle or housing of an animal is fastened around its belly; [other opinion: the housing itself]. Kelim 19, 3. Sifra Sh’mini, Sh’rats., Parah 6, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 8; Shabbath 64ᵃ. Bava Bathra 78ᵃ, see קִילְקִי. ↗ original
חָבַר (Biblical Hebrew) to join, befriend, assist. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᵇ top (referring to Psalms 58, 6) [read:] כל מי שהיה חוֹבְרוֹ הוא חוברו whoever assisted him (in his political ambition), him he befriended.—Esp. חוֹבֵר, plural חוֹבְרִים, חוֹבְרִיןhaving a share in the ownership of a sacrifice, see חֲבוּרָה. Menachoth 9, 9 (93ᵇ bottom of the page) אחד מניף לכל החו׳ Munich manuscript (edition חֲבֵרִים) one of the company does the waving in behalf of all of them. the same place (ibid.) 94ᵃ נתמעטה בחו׳ is reduced in numbers as regards the participants (only one of them being required to act). Temurah 2ᵃ; Arachin 2ᵃ בעלי ח׳ (supply (understood word) קרבן) partners of a sacrifice (also בעלי קרבן). with על (compare זָוַג) to join against, protest. Bava Bathra 11ᵃ חָבְרוּ עליו וכ׳ his brothers etc. combined to protest against his actions. to tie, fascinate, charm. Echah Rabbah to 1, 5 מביאין חוֹבֵר וחוֹבְרִין וכ׳ they procure a charmer and charm the serpent. Sifré Deuteronomy 172 ה׳ מרובה he who charms large objects; Kerithoth 3ᵇ ח׳ גדול; Sanhedrin 65ᵃ חַבָּר גדול. Kerithoth the passage cited חוֹבֵר חֶבֶר דבלאו הדין הוא but what kind of charmer (Deuteronomy 18, 11) is he that is liable only to lashes (see לַאו)?; and frequently—[ (compare חָבַל) to unshape, wound. Denom. חַבּוּרָה.] Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיבֵּרto join, fasten. Yalkut Shimoni Job 927 (referring to Job 40, 30) מי שח׳ עצמו במצות whoever befriended himself with good deeds; Tanchuma Nitsab. 4 (correct accordingly). Kelim 14, 2 וחִבְּרָהּ לו (or וחֲבָרָהּ) and he fastened the tube to it (the staff). the same place (ibid.) משיְחַבֵּר from the moment he attaches it, opposite משיחבל, see חָבַל.—participle passive מְחוּבָּר. the same place (ibid.) 12, 2 כל המ׳ וכ׳ whatever is fastened (belonging) to an object fit to become unclean etc.—מ׳ (לקרקע) fixed, immovable, opposite תלוש. Bava Metzia 89ᵃ אוכל במ׳ may eat of what is standing in the field (Deuteronomy 23, 25, and the following). Peah 4, 1, see דָּלִית. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 18ᵃ ואינו מ׳ and when the Mishnah says בדלית ובדקל, it does not mean במ׳ בדלית וכ׳ ‘of that which is attached to the vine and tree’; אין תימר מ׳ הוא וכ׳ if you say, it means that which is attached, then the Mishnah means to say that the owner must designate the Peah while it is up (on the tree) etc.—the same place (ibid.) 2, beginning 16ᵈ (in a passage misplaced and corrupted) הא גדר מ׳ ואינו מ׳ this ‘fence’ (Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 2, 3) is to be considered as something attached to the ground (like a growth) and (in other respects) as not attached. to charm. Echah Rabbah, introduction (R. Joshua 2) התחיל מְחַבֵּר חֲבָרִים (not מחבי חביים) he began to consult charmers (with referring to Ezekiel 21, 26). Sanhedrin 65ᵃ מקטר לחַבֵּר he burns incense for charming purposes (to exorcise the demons); and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְבַּרto be joined, gathered. Bereshith Rabbah section 80 (referring to Hosea 6, 9) as the priests נֶחְכָּרִים על וכ׳ are grooped around etc.; Makkoth 10ᵃ מִתְחַבְּרִין וכ׳. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַבֵּר,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַבֵּרsame; see above.—2) to associate, make friends with. Avoth 1, 7.—Bamidbar Rabbah section 20, beginning נִתְחַבְּרוּ מואב וכ׳ Moab and Midian formed an alliance; Tanchuma Balak 3.—3) to be charmed, spellbound. the same place (ibid.) Beshallach 18 מיד נתח׳ וכ׳ at once the bird is spellbound (by the snake looking at its shadow) and falls to pieces; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 255 מת (read מתחבר); Mechilta Beshallach, Vayassa, section 1 מִתְחַבֵּר על צלו (not ומת׳ אל) it remains spell-bound over its own shadow. ↗ original
חֲבַר , Pa'elחַבֵּר Chaldaic (Aramaic) same, to fasten, join. Targum Psalms 119, 69 (manuscript חָבְרוּPe.; Hebrew text טפלו). to combine against. Targum Job 16, 4 (Hebrew text אחבירה). to charm. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 18, 11. to wound, see below. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 5, 56ᵇ bottom of the page, see חֲכַר.] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַבַּר, אִיחַבַּרto associate. Targum Hosea 4, 17; and elsewhere to be wounded. Kethuboth 5ᵇ דם מיפקד פקיד או חַבּוּרֵי אִיחַבַּר is the blood (in the womb) stored up, or is it the result of a wound?; the same place (ibid.) 6ᵃ דם חבורי מִיחַבַּר. ↗ original
חָבֵרthe preceding words) (with suff. חֲבֵיר־) associate, friend, partner (in sacrifices); colleague, fellow-student; fellow-being; of the same kind(also of things). Avoth 2, 9 ח׳ טוב a true friend; ח׳ רע a false friend. the same place (ibid.) 10 כבוד חֲבֵרְךָ thy neighbor’s honor. Shabbath 63ᵃ top בח׳ טוב with a good friend (an obscene disguise for a fair woman, see גּוּרְדְּלִי); and very frequently—ח׳ ותלמיד, (in Babli) תלמיד ח׳ colleague and pupil, a title of distinction for a student, fellow. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 3, beginning 47ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 9, end, 17ᵇ, and elsewhere ח׳ ות׳ הוה וכ׳ was a fellow under R. Ak.; Babylonian Bava Bathra 158ᵇ. Berachoth 27ᵇ דתלמיד ח׳ הוה who was a fellow (under Rab). Ḥaber, Fellow, a scholar’s title, less than חַכִּים or זָקֵן. Kiddushin 33ᵇ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) phras.) אנא ח׳, אתון חכימי ye are ḥakkime (doctors), and I merely a fellow. Sanhedrin 8ᵇ, and elsewhere ח׳ אינו וכ׳, see הַתְרָאָה; and frequently—Bereshith Rabbah section 84 (play on חֶ֗בְ֗ר֗וׄן֗) חׄבׄרׄ הנׄאה וכ׳ that worthy scholar buried etc. Ḥaber,member of a religious or charitable association, especially member of the order for the observance of levitical laws in daily intercourse. Demai 2, 3. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 2 מקבלין אותו להיות ח׳ is accepted as a member of the order; and very frequently—plural חֲבֵרִים, חֲבֵי׳. Berachoth 28ᵇ ולא יכשלו חֲבֵרַי וכ׳ that my colleagues (in court) may not fail in a decision of the law. the same place (ibid.) הזהרו בכבוד חֲבֵירֵיכֶם take heed of your fellow-students’ honor. Bechoroth 30ᵇ בפני שלשה ח׳ in the presence of three members of the order. Pesikta Rabbati section 11 חֲבֵרֵיהֶם שלהם עוסקים וכ׳ the members of societies among them are engaged in charitable work. the same place (ibid.) ואין חביריהם מרגישים and their neighbors (the fruits in the same bag) are not affected; and very frequently—Fem.חֲבֵירָה, חֲבֵרָה, חֲבֶרֶת, חֲבֶירֶת. Sanhedrin 8ᵇ אשה חבירה a scholarly woman (acquainted with the law). Berachoth 48ᵇ, and frequently אין מלכות נוגעת בחֲבֶרְתָּהּ וכ׳ one term of office does not touch upon its successor even at a hair’s breadth (duration of power is preordained). Devarim Rabbah section 7 אין טיפה מתערבת בחברתה one rain-drop does not mix itself with the other; and frequently—plural חֲבֵרוֹת. Shabbath 129ᵃ חֲבֵרוֹתֶיהָ וכ׳, see אֲגַף; and frequently ↗ original
חֶבֶרthe preceding words) association.—חֶבֶר עיר a town organization, congregation (for divine services, study, charities). Berachoth 4, 7. Rosh Hashanah 34ᵇ. Megillah 27ᵇ top (Rashi: חֲבַר עיר a scholar maintained by the town, see preceding word). charm. Sanhedrin 65ᵃ; Kerithoth 3ᵇ, see חָבַר.—plural חֲבָרִים. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joshua 2), see חָבַר, Pi'el ח׳ גואלקי a load of sacks tied across an animal’s back, to unload which you must lift them before untying, contradistinguished to אֵבֶר גואלקי a load kept in balance by equal weight on both sides, to unload which you need only untie the knot on the animal’s back. Shabbath 154ᵇ מאי לאו בחבר גוולקי וכ׳ edition (Munich manuscript באבר גזול or גדול) do you not think (when it says, the same place (ibid.) 24, 1, ‘he unties the ropes and the sacks drop of themselves’) a ḥeber is meant which must be lifted along the sides of the animal?; לא באבר גואלקי וכ׳ Rashi manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בחבר אגלווקי, Munich manuscript בגאלקי מפייהו, read: גופייהו, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 7) no, a balanced load is meant etc.; see Aruch Completum (Kohut) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) under the word חבר. Cmp. אַבְרַוְורֵי. ↗ original
חַבָּרassociate; Talmud = חוֹבֵר, see חָבַר) charmer. Sanhedrin 65ᵃ, see חָבַר. Devarim Rabbah section 7; and elsewhere magus (see אַמְגּוּשָׁא), Parsee priest, guebre in gen. Parsee government. Shabbath 11ᵃ תחת נכרי ולא תחת ח׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 80) rather under heathen (Roman) government, than under a Parsee.—plural חַבָּרִין, חַבָּרִים. Kiddushin 72ᵃ הראני ח׳ let me see (give me a description of) the Parsees (as opposed to Persians). Pesachim 113ᵇ. Yevamoth 63ᵇ (referring to Deuteronomy 32, 21 גוי נבל) אלו ח׳ this means the Parsees. ↗ original
חַבָּר ²charmer, see חַבּוּרָא 2.—Vayikra Rabbah section 22; Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 972 אתא חד חבר (Bereshith Rabbah section 10; Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 8 גבר, correct accordingly) a charmer (of snakes) came; Tanchuma Chukkath 1.—plural חַבָּרַיָּא. Sanhedrin 65ᵇ מן ח׳ את thou art a creation of the charmers. Parsee. Gittin 16ᵇ, and the following אתא ההוא ח׳ וכ׳ a Parsee came and took the lamp from them.—plural חַבָּרֵי. Shabbath 45ᵃ מקמי ח׳ from fear of the Parsees (that they might see the lights). Yevamoth 63ᵇ אתו ח׳ לבבל the Parsees have entered the Jewish colonies of Babylonia. Betzah 6ᵃ but nowadays דאיכא ח׳ when there are Parsees (forcing to public labors). ↗ original
חַבְרָא = Hebrew חָבֵרfriend, neighbor, fellow-being etc. Targum Proverbs 10, 24 (Hebrew text רַע!); and frequently [Targum Hosea 3, 1 בחבריּה, see חַמְרָא I.]—Bava Bathra 28ᵇ, and frequently חַבְרָךְ ח׳ אית ליה וכ׳ thy friend has a friend, and thy friend’s friend has a friend (you cannot claim ignorance). Shabbath 31ᵃ דעלך סני לחברך וכ׳ do not unto thy neighbor what would be hateful to thee; and very frequently—plural חַבְרִין, חַבְרֵי. Targum Judges 14, 11; and frequently—Bava Bathra 16ᵇ אי חברא כח׳ דאיוב וכ׳ either a friend like those of Job, or death; and elsewhere—Esp. Ḥaber, a) scholar (see the preceding), fellow-student; b) member of an order. Betzah 25ᵃ חַבְרִין our fellow-student (Rab Ḥisda); בר ח׳ the son of etc. (Rab Huna).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᶜ ר׳ חנניא חֲבֵרְהוֹן וכ׳ R. H. the ‘Fellow of the Rabbis’.—plural חַבְרַיָּיא, חֲבֵרִין, חַבְרִין. Targum Job 12, 2. the same place (ibid.) 40, 30 manuscript (edition חַכִּימַיָּא). Niddah 6ᵇ ח׳ מדכן וכ׳ the Ḥăberim observe etc., see דְּכִי. Chullin 12ᵇ אושעי׳ זעירא דמן ח׳ O. junior, of the Ḥabẹrim (Tosafoth: of Ḥabaria, proper noun of a place); Taanith 24ᵃ. Bereshith Rabbah section 13, end אבימי מן ח׳ וכ׳ A., one of the Ḥ., visited a sick person, see חֲבוּרְתָּא.—Fem. חֲבֶרְתָּא, חֲבֶירְ׳. Targum Psalms 110, 1 (see Berachoth 48ᵇ quoted under the word חָבֵר fem.). Targum Onkelos Exodus 11, 2; and elsewhere—Yevamoth 63ᵇ (proverb) בחֲבֶרְתָּה ולא בסילתא correcting a bad wife by giving her a rival will be more effective than thorns; and frequently—pluralחֲבֵרָתָא, חֲבֵי׳. Targum Judges 11, 37, and the following [בית חבירתא, see ביתרתה.] ↗ original
חֲבַרְבַּר (denominative of חֲבִירָא) to darken. Targum Psalms 139, 11 מַחֲבַרְבַּר, מְחַבַּ׳ (edition Vilna edition מַהֲ׳). ↗ original
חֲבַרְבָּר (see the preceding) [hiding in the dark,] ḥăbarbar, a species of lizard. Sifra Sh’mini, Sh’rats., Chaldaic (Aramaic) 6, Parah 5 (a subspecies of צב; Chullin 127ᵃ ערוד). Bereshith Rabbah section 82, end ויצא מהם ח׳ (not ויצאת; Chullin the passage cited ערוד); Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 8, 12ᵇ, see חֲכִינָה. the same place (ibid.) 5, 9ᵃ bottom of the page (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 33ᵃ, Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 20 ערוד).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 8, 45ᵇ top חֲװַרְבָּר. ↗ original
חֲבַרְבָּרָא Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 5, 9ᵃ bottom of the page הדין ח׳ (not בריא …). ↗ original
חֲבַרְבְּרֵי (the preceding words) groping in the dark, temporary loss of direction. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 19, 11 variant reading (edition חַרְבָּרֵיה, read חברברַיָּה); see חִיוַּרְוָרַיָּא. ↗ original
חֶבְרוֹן (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a place Hebron, in Judea. Makkoth 9ᵇ. Bereshith Rabbah section 84 (referring to Genesis 37, 14) והלא אין ח׳ וכ׳ is not H. situated on a mountain? Yoma 3, 1 עד שבח׳ up to the horizon over H.; and frequently ↗ original
חַבְרוּרָא (reduplic. of חבר) companionship, association. Kethuboth 65ᵃ לך ולחברך ולחַבְרוּרָךְ for thine own sake, and for the sake of thy friend and thy association (social standing). [Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 292, edition Salon., frequently Pesachim 118ᵇ לחַבְרוּרָיךְ, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 300.] ↗ original
חֲבֵרוּת (חָבֵר) the condition of a Ḥaber with reference to levitical pureness; the Order of Ḥăberim. Bechoroth 30ᵇ הבא לקבל דברי ח׳ he who comes before scholars to take upon himself the obligations of a ḥaber. Tosefta Demai 3, 4 דוחין אותו מחֲבירוּתוֹ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading מחבורתו) is expelled from the order; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 23ᵃ top מחבור׳ (cor. acc); and frequently the position of a scholar, ‘fellowship’. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 5, 9ᵃ bottom of the page אפי׳ תואר ח׳ וכ׳ even the appellation of fellowship (if you had called us ḥăberim) would not have been unbecoming to us. ↗ original
חַבָּרוּתָא (the preceding) attachment; companionship, friendship. Targum Psalms 139, 2 (Hebrew text רֵעִי).—Taanith 23ᵃ (proverb) או ח׳ או מיתותא (Munich manuscript אי חברא אי מותא) either companions or death; Bava Bathra 16ᵇ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 90). Berachoth 34ᵃ top ח׳ כלפי שמיא (מי איכא) is there a social equality with reference to Heaven (dare man treat prayer as he would a talk with a friend)?; Megillah 25ᵃ (collect. noun) scholars of the college. Yevamoth 96ᵇ ח׳ נמי the fellows (my pupils), too, are quoted against me?—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 7, 37ᶜ top ר׳ יוחנן וחברותיה (see חֲבוּרְתָּא).—plural חַבְרָוָותָא. Chullin 57ᵇ Rashi (edition חבוורתא, correct accordingly). ↗ original
חברית , Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᵇ top, see כְּרִית↗ original
חָבַשׁ (Biblical Hebrew) to tie;to saddle, harness. Bereshith Rabbah section 55, end חבשה שח׳ וכ׳ the harnessing which Abraham did. to imprison, chain. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, 24ᵇ top; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 15, 7 (variant reading lect.) חֲבָשׁוֹ attempted to force him by imprisonment, see חָבַט. Devarim Rabbah section 2 היה חוֹבֵשׁ וכ׳ he could imprison (condemn) whom he wanted to, opposite פָּדָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 8, 36ᵃ bottom of the page חֲבָשׁוּהוּ ישראל if Israelites keep him in prison (and promised to let him free for Passover); and frequently—participle passive חָבוּשׁ, חֲבוּשָׁה. Berachoth 5ᵇ, and elsewhere אין ח׳ מתיר וכ׳ a prisoner cannot release himself from prison (one cannot do as much for himself as he can for others). the same place (ibid.) 54ᵇ. Bava Bathra 20ᵃ חֲבוּשֵׁי מלכית imprisoned by royal authority; and frequently (agric.) to narrow in, to plant one species too near another species, to produce Kilayim(כִּלְאַיִם). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 3, beginning, 28ᶜ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 9, 11ᵈ bottom of the page אין מין פוגע בחברו לחוֹבְשׁוֹ one species must not meet with the other (in the soil) so as to prevent its growth. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 3, 28ᵈ אורכו בכמה חוֹבֵשׁ at what distance, lengthwise, does one interfere with the other (so as to be forbidden to plant)? the same place (ibid.) 2, 28ᵃ אין אדם חובש וכ׳ one cannot make forbidden as Kilayim that which is not his own (by planting too near); and frequently—participle pass. חָבוּשׁ, feminine חֲבוּשָׁהtoo closely planted between different species. the same place (ibid.) 1, end, 27ᶜ שעורה ח׳ באמצע barley planted between. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְבַּשׁto be imprisoned, be detained. Kethuboth 2, 9 האשה שנֶחְבְשָׁה וכ׳ a married woman that has been detained in the power of gentiles, if for money etc.; and elsewhere to be planted too closely, to become forbidden as Kilayim. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 3, 28ᵈ bottom of the page נ׳ בשמונה becomes forbidden by a neighborhood of eight cubits. the same place (ibid.) שלא יֵחָבֵשׁ אלא וכ׳ that it is not made forbidden at a distance of more than eight cubits. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְבִּישׁto be the cause of prohibition as Kilayim. the same place (ibid.) שלא יַחֲבִישׁ וכ׳ that it does not cause a prohibition at a distance of more etc. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתִחַבֵּשׁto be kept as prisoner. Shabbath 152ᵇ והן יִתְחַבְּשׁוּ וכ׳ (Munich manuscript יֵחָבְשׁוּ) and they, themselves, shall be kept in prison. ↗ original
חֲבַשׁ , to imprison. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 5, end, 15ᵇ חַבְשִׁין ליה ought to be put in prison.—participle pass. חֲבִישׁclosely packed. Chullin 52ᵃ כל דח׳ חיישינן Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (variant reading חביט, edition דלא משריק יש בו וכ׳) whatever is closely packed (e.g. wheat) is liable to cause injury to an animal falling upon it. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַבֵּשׁto be imprisoned. Vayikra Rabbah section 30 אתח׳ בפילקי he was put in prison; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Ul’kaḥ., p. 182ᵃ אִיחַבַּשׁ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition אתייהב). ↗ original
חֲבָשָׁה (the preceding words) saddling, harnessing. Bereshith Rabbah section 55, end (referring to Genesis 22, 3, a. Numbers 22, 21) תבוא ח׳ ותעמוד על ח׳ let (Abraham’s) act of harnessing (anxiety to obey the Lord’s behest) come and stand (protect) against (Balaam’s) harnessing (anxiety to curse); Mechilta Beshallach section 1 חוּבְשָׁה. ↗ original
*חַבְתָּאḤabta, home of a Highpriest Phineas (Josephus B. J. 4, 3, 8 Aphtha). Tosefta Yoma 1, 6 פנחס איש ח׳ (Vayikra Rabbah section 26, end פנחס הסתת). ↗ original
חָג ²anniversary, festival. Vayikra Rabbah section 29; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod. p. 153ᵃ ויש לו חג וחַגּוֹ בן יומו a New-Moon of a month in which there is a festival and whose festival coincides with the New-Moon, see כָּסָה I. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵇ bottom of the page, see דְּרוֹמָאָה. Sotah 36ᵇ יום חַגָּם their (the Egyptians’) festive day; and frequently—Esp. ḥag (festive period), the Feast of Booths with its Eighth Day of Convocation(שמיני עצרת). Sukkah 4, 2 י"ט הראשון של חג the first Holy Day of the ḥag; the same place (ibid.) 5 י"ט האחרון וכ׳ the last etc. (the eighth day); and frequently pilgrim’s festive offering. Chagigah 10ᵇ, see next word, a. חֲגִיגָה.—plural חַגִּים, construct state חַגֵּי. Berachoth 33ᵇ ח׳ נדבה periods of free-will offerings. ↗ original
חַגָּא 1 Targum Deuteronomy 16, 16.—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 18, 14 זמן ח׳ (Hebrew text מועד); and frequently—Chagigah 10ᵇ (referring to Exodus 12, 14) how can you prove that this ḥag means (festive) offering, דילמא חוגו חגא וכ׳ perhaps it means ‘celebrate a feast’?—the same place (ibid.) דילמא … אכלו … וחוגו ח׳ וכ׳ perhaps the text means to say, ‘eat and drink and have a feast (rejoice) before me’ (without alluding to special pilgrims’ offerings)?—the same place (ibid.) (referring to Exodus 23, 18) ואי ס"ד דחגא הוא וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition דחוגא) if you would say, חַגִּי means feast (merry-making) etc.—Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 2 בין ח׳ וכ׳ between the Feast of Booths and Ḥănuckah. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 8, beginning 11ᵃ; and frequently—plural חַגַּיָּא, חַגִּין. Targum Ezekiel 46, 11; and frequently ↗ original
חַגָּא 2 (abbr. of Haggai) Ḥagga, an Amora. Avodah Zarah 68ᵃ. Bava Kamma 42ᵃ Munich manuscript (edition חַגַּי). ↗ original
חָגָב (Biblical Hebrew) hopper, locust. Shabbath 9, 7 ח׳ חי טהור a living clean (eatable) locust.—plural חֲגָבִים, חֲגָבין. Chullin 63ᵇ מיני ח׳ species of locusts. Pesachim 3, 5 (spreading apart) כקרני ח׳ like the proboscides of locusts. Shabbath 106ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 12 (13), 5. Bereshith Rabbah section 38 the palm-trees appeared to them כאלו ח׳ as though they were locusts (see חֲגָזָא). (metaph.) pudenda. Shabbath 152ᵃ, see עֲגָבָה. 5. also קַרְסוֹל. ↗ original
חָגָבָא Targum Onkelos Leviticus 11, 22 edition Berlin edition (other edition חַגְבָא; Yerushalmi (prefix) כרזובא). ↗ original
חָגַג [to turn,] (denominative of חַג) to celebrate an anniversary, to observe a festival, to make a periodical pilgrimage. Bamidbar Rabbah section 20 אומה החוֹגֶגֶת וכ׳ a nation that celebrates three pilgrims’ festivals.—Esp. to offer the pilgrim’s festive sacrifice(חֲגִיגָה). Chagigah 1, 6 מי שלא חַג … חוֹגֵג וכ׳ he who failed to offer on the first day …, may do so during the entire festive season. Pesachim 70ᵇ חֲגַגְתֶּם חגיגה you have offered etc.; and frequently ↗ original
חֲגַגto turn, draw a circle. Targum Proverbs 8, 27 (manuscript חֲגַל). to celebrate a festival; to feast. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 16, 15 תֵּיחוֹג (Yerushalmi (prefix) תְּחַגּוּן). Targum I Samuel 30, 16.—Chagigah 10ᵇ חוֹגוּ חגא, see חַגָּא I. ↗ original
חַגְוָאrugged places, clefts. Targum Song of Songs 2, 14. ↗ original
חֲגוֹרָהgirding, wearing apparel for travelling, outfit.—plural חֲגוֹרוֹת, construct state חֲגוֹרֵי. Bereshith Rabbah section 19 (referring to Genesis 3, 7) חגורה אין … אלא חגורות חגורי חגורות it does not say ḥagorah (a girdle) but ḥăgoroth which means sets of outfits; [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חגור חגורי חגורות]; see אִסְטְכִיוָא. an enclosure, rope-fence, contradistinguished to מְחִיצָה a. פַּסִּין. Eruvin 2, 4 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חֲגִירָה). ↗ original
חָגָז (compare חגב, חגס) a species of wild bees, or locusts. Shabbath 106ᵇ הצד חגבים ח׳ וכ׳ Oxford manuscript (Alfasi edition Const. חִיגְזִין, Rashi הֲגָ׳, edition גזין, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 200) if one catches (on the Sabbath) locusts, ḥăgazin etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 14, beginning 14ᵇ חגיין ותושין, read חגזין ויתושין.—Bechoroth 7ᵇ דבש הגזין והצירעין (= הַה׳, compare הֶמְסֵס; Makhshirin 6, 4 הגזין omitted) the honey of etc. ↗ original
חַגַּי (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Haggai, the Prophet. Nazir 53ᵃ. Yevamoth 16ᵃ; and frequently also חַגַּיי, name of several Amoraim. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵇ top of the page—Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 3, 23ᵇ bottom of the page Bava Kamma 42ᵃ, see חַגָּא 2. 5. Friedman M’bo, p. 79ᵇ, and the following ↗ original
חֲגִיגָה (חָגַג) celebration, especially pilgrimage to Jerusalem for the festivals. Berachoth 33ᵇ חֲגִיגַת הרגל the pilgrimage of the festive season. Echah Rabbah to 1, 17, see הֲמוֹנוּת. the festive offering of the visitors of the Temple on the festivals (Exodus 23, 14, and elsewhere). Chagigah 1, 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 76ᵃ bottom of the page חֲגִיגָתוֹ his festal sacrifice; and frequently—plural חֲגִיגוֹת. Chagigah 1, 8 the laws concerning festive sacrifices; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 9. Ḥăgigah, a treatise of the Mishnah, Talmud Babli a. Y’rushalmi, a. Tosefta. ↗ original
חֲגִירָה ; see חֲגוֹרָה 2).—בֵּית ח׳ proper noun Beth-Ḥăgirah, name of a family. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᵈ bottom of the page של ב׳ ח׳ (edition Krot. חגידה) those of the family of etc. ↗ original
חֲגַל (compare חגג) to draw a circle. Targum Proverbs 8, 27 manuscript, see חֲגַג. to go around, see below. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַגֵּלto go around (visiting, peddling, begging; compare Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1191). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, 19ᵃ bottom of the page (explained שובבית) [read:] מְחַגְּלָה ונסבת וכ׳ she goes about visiting and gets a bad reputation. [Bereshith Rabbah section 17 והוות חַגְלַת נגידה לה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth); Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 352 והוות חגלה נגידא ליה and she (his wife) went around begging, leading him.] ↗ original
חָגָס (compare חגז, חגב) rabbit, or cony.—plural חֳגָסֵי. Targum Proverbs 30, 26 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word גס: הגסי; some edition חנסי, correct accordingly). ↗ original
חָגַר 1 (Biblical Hebrew) to encircle; to gird. Shabbath 63ᵃ אם ת"ח חָגְרֵיהוּ על מתנך … if a scholar be even revengeful … like a serpent, bind him around thy loins (be not afraid of him). Middoth 3, 1 וחוט … חוֹגְרוֹ וכ׳ and a red line went around it.—Bereshith Rabbah section 71 לא ח׳ מתניו כנגדה did he not gird his loins (in bold prayer) in her presence (Genesis 25, 21)? Shemoth Rabbah section 43, beginning התחיל חוֹגֵר בתפלה (supply (understood word) מתניו) he began to pray boldly. Taanith 14ᵇ לַחֲגוֹר שק to put on sackcloth (for prayer); and frequently ↗ original
חֲגַר Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, beginning 37ᵈ ח׳ עליה מותנא. tied a rope around it, i.e. made the law more stringent. Babylonian Nedarim 49ᵇ וחוֹגְרַנִי צדעי (Rashi: וחוגר אני, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) וה׳) and I had my forehead tied up. ↗ original
חָגַר 2 (see חִגֵּר) to halt, to limp; to hesitate. Chullin 18ᵃ כדי שתַּחְגּוֹר וכ׳ a notch deep enough for the nail to halt on passing over the edge; Bechoroth 37ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 1 והיא חוֹגֶרֶת and it (the finger nail) is caught. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְגִּירsame. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 7, 35ᵇ top כדי שתהא היד מַחְגֶּרֶת enough for the finger to be caught. Zavim 3, 1 מַחְגִּירִין they halt (do not stand firm). Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַגֵּרto become lame. Tosefta Eduy. 1, 14. ↗ original
חֲגַר ² , to be lame. Targum 2 Samuel 4, 4. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְגִּירsame. Targum 2 Esther 1, 2. Targum 2 Samuel 19, 27 מַחְגִּיר edition Venice (edition Lagarde edition מחוגר, other edition חַגִּיר). [חֲגַר construct state of חִגְּרָא which see] ↗ original
חִגֵּר (חָגַר 1; compare אִלֵּם) [tied,] limping, lame. Chagigah 1, 1. Sanhedrin 91ᵇ; and frequently—plural חִגְּרִים, חִגְּרִין, חִי׳. the same place (ibid.) 8, 4. Mechilta Yithro, Baḥod., section 9; and elsewhere—Fem. חִגֶּרֶת, חִי׳. Bava Kamma 78ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 7, 15 החי׳ a lame animal. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 7, 37ᶜ top החגר, read: התַּגָּר.] ↗ original
חָגָרḤagar (Petra), a district, compare next word Gittin 1, 1 ומן הח׳ and from the district of Ḥ., see next word↗ original
חַגְרָא 1Ḥagra, a town and province in the desert of Shur. Targum Onkelos Genesis 16, 14 (Hebrew text ברד). the same place (ibid.) 7 (Hebrew text שור). Targum Genesis 20, 1.—Targum Onkelos Genesis 25, 18 (see חֲלוּצָא). Petra. Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 11 רקם דח׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading ורכה דדוגרא, corruption); Sifré Deuteronomy 51 תחגרא; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 874 רגם דח׳. 5. Hildesh. Geogr. p. 51, and the following [Yevamoth 116ᵃ Anan b. Ḥiya מח׳, see מְחַגְּרָא.] ↗ original
חַגְרָא 2Ḥagra. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᶜ bottom of the page—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 6, end, 18ᶜ (Tosefta Kilayim 1, 12, and elsewhere אַגְרָא which see). ↗ original
חִגְּרָאlame. Targum Job 29, 15 variant reading—Shabbath 32ᵃ (proverb) רעיא ח׳ וכ׳ the shepherd lame, and the sheep running (i.e. in critical moments man’s sins come home to him). construct state חֲגַרhesitating in speech. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Exodus 4, 10 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 חַגּוּר). the same place (ibid.) 6, 12; 30 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition קשי). ↗ original
חַגְּתָא (see חַגָּא) pilgrims’ festive season. Avodah Zarah 11ᵇ ח׳ דטייעי the travelling merchants’ season (Arabic fair). ↗ original
חַד 1pointed, sharp. Chullin 64ᵃ ראשה אחד חד if one side of the egg is pointed, the other rounded (כַּד); the same place (ibid.) (Chaldaic (Aramaic)) רישיה חד חד.—plural חַדִּין. the same place (ibid.)—Fem. חַדָּה. Sanhedrin 94ᵃ. Berachoth 10ᵃ אפי׳ חרב ח׳ וכ׳ even if a sharpened sword is laid on one’s throat, one must not despair of praying for divine mercy. Bereshith Rabbah section 16 (play on חׄדׄקׄלׄ, Genesis 2, 14) שהיתה קׄלׄה וחׄדׄה וכ׳ (Greece) who was rash and sharp in her decrees. swift. plural as ab. Berachoth 59ᵇ (play on חדקל) its waters ח׳ וקלין are swift and light.—5. חַדָּה. ↗ original
חַד 2 , חֲדָא common gender = Hebrew אֶחָד, one, singular, particular. Targum Genesis 1, 5; and very frequently—חד בשבא first day in the week. Targum 2 Esther 3, 7.—Targum Psalms 27, 4. Targum Ezekiel 18, 10 (some edition חדת); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᵇ bottom of the page בחד בשובא, see above. Megillah 11ᵃ, and frequently חד … וחד וכ׳ one authority …, another authority etc. Berachoth 28ᵃ חדא היא לך או חדת וכ׳ is this a unique subject to thee (the only thing learned from R. Joḥ.) or a novel (strange) thing?—Gittin 44ᵃ; Bechoroth 3ᵃ טפי חד one time more (eleven times the value of the sold object); and very frequently—[Shabbath 67ᵃ bottom of the page חד חד, see חַרְחַר.]—כַּחֲדָא [like one,] together, simultaneously. Targum Psalms 2, 2; and frequently—לַחֲדָא singularly, very much, too much. Targum Genesis 1, 31. Targum Psalms 119, 8; and frequently ↗ original
חדאקנו , Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 63ᵇ, see הֱרַקְלִיאוֹפּוֹלִיס ↗ original
חָדַד (Biblical Hebrew) [to cut, point,] to be sharp, pointed. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִידֵּדto sharpen, whet, point. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 5, 63ᵇ top לחַדֵּד ראשו וכ׳ they differ as to pointing the top of the spit (on the Holy Day)—Transferred to whet the mind, to try somebody’s acumen, to puzzle. Taanith 7ᵃ (referring to Proverbs 27, 17) אף … מְחַדְּדִין וכ׳ so do two scholars whet each other’s mind etc. Nazir 59ᵇ, and elsewhere לא אמר … לחַדֵּד בה וכ׳ R. J. said it only in order to encourage the students in raising points; and elsewhere—participle pass. מְחוּדָּדsharpened, well discussed, clear and ready. Kiddushin 30ᵃ (referring to ושננתם, Deuteronomy 6, 7) שיהו ד"ת מְחוּדָּדִים בפיך that the words of the Law be ever ready in thy mouth (Sifré Deuteronomy 34 מְסוּדָּרִים), see גִּמְגֵּם. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַדֵּדto be whetted. Bereshith Rabbah section 69 אין סכין מִתְחַדֶּדֶת וכ׳ a knife is whetted on the broad side of another, כך אין ת"ח מִתְחַדֵּד וכ׳ so is a student’s mind whetted by a fellow-student, see above. ↗ original
חֲדַד Targum Job 41, 22. [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 1, 44 דחַדְדָן which sting; some edition דחדרן, see חֲדַר.] Pa'el פִּעֵל חַדֵּד as the precedingPi. Shabbath 32ᵃ (proverb) נפל תורא חַדְּדֵיה לסכינא Munich manuscript (edition חדד, Oxford manuscript חַדְּדוּ) when the ox is thrown down, sharpen the knife (in critical moments man’s sins are visited, see חִגְּרָא). Chullin 43ᵇ, and frequently לחַדּוּדֵי וכ׳ to try Abbayis’ acumen.—participle pass. מְחַדַּדready in answering questions, well-versed, quick (see the preceding). Eruvin 13ᵇ האי דמְחַדַּדְנָא מחבירי Munich manuscript (edition מחבריא) the reason that I am readier than my fellow-students. Yevamoth 14ᵃ ב"ש מְחַדְּדֵי טפי those of the school of Sh. were more acute. Niddah 14ᵇ מחדדי שמעתתיה (read: מְחַדְּדָן), see below. to cheer up, entertain. Gittin 68ᵇ, see חַדְוְותָא. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיתְחַדַּדto be well studied, ready at hand. Kethuboth 62ᵇ [read:] מִתְחַדְּדָן שמעתתיה (Rashi: מחדדן) he recited his lessons (traditions) well. ↗ original
חַדָּה fem. of חַד I; sharp side, edge. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᵇ bottom of the page [חדה, Tosefta Shabbath 6 (7), 11 variant reading, see הָדָה 2.] ↗ original
חֵדוּ (חדי) joy. Targum Isaiah 32, 14.—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 4, see חֶדְוְתָא. Berachoth 55ᵃ חֶדְוֵיה, see מִסְתְּיָּיא. ↗ original
חֶדְוָאsame. Targum Onkelos Genesis 31, 27 חִדְוָא edition Berlin edition (Yerushalmi (prefix) חדווא; some edition חֶדְוָן plural). plural). Targum Isaiah 32, 14; and elsewhere (an exclamation of joy) aha! (Hebrew הֶאָח). Targum Psalms 35, 21 (variant reading חֶדְוָה). the same place (ibid.) 25 manuscript (edition חדיאת וכ׳, see חֲדֵי).—plural חֶדְוָן, see above; חֶדְוָתָא, see חֶדְוְתָא. enigma, allegory; plural חֶדְוָן, see חוּדִיתָא. ↗ original
חדודי , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 18, 10; 14 some edition, see חָרוֹרָא↗ original
חֶדְוָהjoy, rejoicing. Betzah 15ᵇ (referring to Nehemiah 8, 10) וקיימו מצות ח׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (missing in edition) and fulfill the law of festive rejoicing. Kethuboth 8ᵃ (in the wedding benediction).—5. חֶדְוָא 2). ↗ original
חֶדְוְתָא Targum Psalms 4, 8. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 16, 10 חֶדְוַת; and frequently—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 4 האי ח׳ שלימא חדו על חדו (נגילה) this is a complete rejoicing, joy upon joy. Vayikra Rabbah section 20; Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 2, see דְּחוּכָא. Bereshith Rabbah section 27 בשעת ח׳ ח׳ (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 47 חדוה חדוה Hebr.), see אֶבְלָא.—plural חֶדְוָתָא, חֶדְוָו׳. Targum Psalms 16, 11; and elsewhere [חַדְוָתָא, חֶדְוָו׳, plural of חַדְיָא 2.] ↗ original
חַדְוְתָא (the preceding, compare דַחֲוָא) dancer, reveller. Kiddushin 81ᵇ אנא ח׳ דהדרי מיומא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חרותא דהדר, correct accordingly) I am a reveller returning from a day (of carousing). a wedding party. Gittin 68ᵇ he saw ח׳ דהוו מְחַדְּדָן לה a wedding party whom people entertained with riddles etc. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵃ top לבי חנוותא (edition Lehm. למי חטתא) probably to be read לבי חד׳ to a wedding.] ↗ original
חֲדֵיto be bright, glad; to rejoice. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 28, 63 edition Berlin edition (other edition a. Yerushalmi (prefix) חַדֵּי, incorr.). Targum Psalms 122, 1; and frequently—Pesachim 68ᵇ חֲדָאִי נפשאי (Munich manuscript נפש, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) be glad, my soul!—Sanhedrin 39ᵇ; Megillah 10ᵇ מי ח׳ קודשא וכ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) does the Lord rejoice in the downfall etc.?; and elsewhere [Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 78ᵃ top, see next word] Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְדֵּיto gladden. Targum Psalms 30, 2; and frequently—[Targum Onkelos Exodus 28, 28 ויַחֲדוּן, frequently אֲחד.]—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin the passage cited, see below. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַדֵּיsame. Targum Psalms 21, 7; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah the passage cited ומְחַדְּיֵי לכין who will entertain you (Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin the passage cited ומַחְדֵּי). to observe a festival, see חֶדְוָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 2, 81ᵇ top מְחַדֵּי את מועדא וכ׳ wouldst thou enjoy the festival? Drink etc. ↗ original
חַדְיָאbright, clean, glossy.—plural חַדְיֵין, חַדְיֵי, feminine חָדְיָן. Targum Proverbs 17, 24 (variant reading חרין, incorr.).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 4, 23ᶜ bottom of the page לבושי מאנין נקיים חדי (read: נקיי וחדיי) dressed in clean and glossy garments (in spite of the rain, see Rashi to Sanhedrin 44ᵇ); Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 78ᵃ top הווי עמכין חדיי (correct accordingly). merry, noisy.—Fem.חַדְיְתָא. Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 289 (transl. עליזה, Isaiah 22, 2), see חֲדָאָה a. דַּחְיָיא.—plural חַדְיֵי (abstr. noun) joy. Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 (3), opposite נְסִיס. ↗ original
חַדְיָא ² = Hebrew חָזֶה, breast, chest, bosom. Targum Exodus 29, 26, and the following; and elsewhere—Targum Proverbs 24, 33.—בֵּי ח׳ bosom. Kiddushin 70ᵇ מבי חַדְיֵה out of his bosom. Shabbath 13ᵃ אבי חֲדַיְיהוּ on their bosoms.—plural (fem.) חַדְוָתָא, חֶדְוָותָא. Targum Leviticus 9, 20. ↗ original
חָדִיד (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a place Hadid, near Ono. Arachin 9, 6 (32ᵃ, and the following); Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᵃ bottom of the page (not הדיר). ↗ original
חַדְיָיתḤadiath, in Assyria. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 10, 11, and the following (variant reading חר׳, הר׳, Yerushalmi (prefix) 1, verse 11, פריות, Hebrew text כלח). 5. Schrader KAT2, p. 98. ↗ original
חָדַל (Biblical Hebrew) [to be cut off,] to cease, to omit. Bereshith Rabbah section 48 (explained חדל, Genesis 18, 1, by referring to Deuteronomy 23, 23 and Numbers 9, 13) פסק. ↗ original
חדס , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 25, 9, see דְּחַס↗ original
חַדְסַר (= חד עסר) eleven, eleventh. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 1, 2. the same place (ibid.) 3 ח׳ ירח eleventh month. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 26, 7; and elsewhere—Rosh Hashanah 21ᵃ top בח׳ וכ׳ on the eleventh of Tishri. Arachin 12ᵃ חדסרי (some edition חד ס׳). Taanith 18ᵇ חֲדֵיסַר (Munich manuscript חד סר) the eleventh (of Adar). ↗ original
חַדְסְרָאָה (the preceding) the eleventh. Targum I Chronicles 24, 12 (edition Lagarde edition two words). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 25, 8 (edition Amsterdam edition חַדְסְרָאֵי). ↗ original
חָדַקto cut into, prick.—participle pass. חָדוּק, fem. חֲדוּקָה, plural חֲדוּקוֹת. Chullin 59ᵇ ח׳ בעינן Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) the horns must be prickly (rough); edition חרוקות, see חָרַק. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִדֵּקto squeeze into, drive in. Eruvin 101ᵃ (play on חדק, Micah 7, 4, a. והדקות, the same place (ibid.) 4, 13) שמְחַדְּקִין אוה"ע וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition שמְהַ׳ את הרשעים) those who force the nations into Gehenna; Yalkut Shimoni Micah 556. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 10, end, 12ᵈ להַדֵּיק בה וכ׳ to close with it (to stuff it into) defective bags. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַדֵּקto be driven into, to stick to. Tanchuma Ki Thissa 1; Pesikta Rabbati section 10, beginning (referring to Proverbs 15, 19) as the thorn מִתְחַדֶּקֶת בבגדיו וכ׳ sticks to the garments etc. ↗ original
חֲדַקparticiple חָדֵיק pricking, injuring (by being forced into). Shabbath 78ᵇ כיון דח׳ במנא Munich manuscript because a rope injures a vessel by being forced into a hole (edition חריק, see חֲרַק). Pa'el פִּעֵל חַדֵּקto force into, to fill a gap. Yoma 72ᵃ חדְּקִינְהוּ fasten them by forcing the chords through the rings. Shabbath 125ᵇ כיון דחַדְּקָהּ Munich manuscript (edition דהַ׳) since he squeezed the stone in (made it immovable). ↗ original
חֶדֶק (the preceding) thorn. Eruvin 101ᵃ it is written about you (Jews) טובם כח׳ (Micah 7, 4) the best among them is like a thorn. anything used for filling a gap, stop-gap.—plural חֲדָקִים, חֲדָקִין, הֲ׳. the same place (ibid.) כשם שח׳ וכ׳ (Oxford manuscript שה׳) as the stop-gaps protect the breach etc.—the same place (ibid.) 10, 8 (101ᵃ) וח׳ שבפרצה (Babylonian edition חוֹדְקִים, Munich manuscript הדקין, variant reading חרקין, חורקין, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) and the stop-gaps in a breach. ↗ original
חִדְקָאthorn. Targum Micah 7, 4.—plural חִדְקַיָּא, חִי׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵇ top (referring to Micah the passage cited, see the preceding). חִידְקֵי parts or limbs of a candlestick fastened in their places, opposite חוליות movable limbs. Shabbath 46ᵃ edition a. Munich manuscript (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חרקי). ↗ original
חִדְקָא ²Ḥidka, a Tannai, disciple of R. Akiba. Shabbath 117ᵇ; Kethuboth 64ᵇ. Bava Bathra 119ᵃ ↗ original
חִדְקָאָה (derisive denominative of חִדְקָא I) descendant of a thorny race. Eruvin 101ᵃ; Yalkut Shimoni Micah 556 (with referring to Micah 7, 4, see חֶדֶק; our word absent in Munich manuscript, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original
חִדֶּקֶל (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun Hiddekel, Tigris. Bereshith Rabbah section 16; Berachoth 59ᵇ, see חַד I. ↗ original
חָדַר (Biblical Hebrew) [to cut off,] to surround, enclose. participle pass. חָדוּרrounded, see הָדַר. ↗ original
חֲדַר , to swarm around. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 1, 44 היכמא דחַדְרָן וחיישן וכ׳ (some edition דחדדן, see חֲדַד) as the wasps swarm around (man) and hie away (compare חזר in Targum Psalms 118, 11, and the following). ↗ original
חֶדֶרthe preceding words) enclosure, chamber, secret compartment. Bava Bathra 4, 1 הח׳ וכ׳ the special enclosure for storage inside of the building; and frequently—Transferred the inner part of the female genitals, the upper end of the vagina or uterus. Niddah 2, 5. the same place (ibid.) 17ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 50ᵃ top of the page—plural חֲדָרִים. בחַדְרֵי ח׳ in the remotest recesses, in strict secrecy. Betzah 9ᵃ, and frequently, see מַרְאִית. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 4 (הביאני) ח׳ בהמות וכ׳ the mysteries of Behemoth etc.; ח׳ מרכבה, see מֶרְכָּבָה; Yalkut Shimoni Song of Songs 982. ↗ original
חַדְרָךְ (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a place Ḥadrakh. Sifré Deuteronomy 1; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 5 (referring to Zechariah 9, 1) I am from Damascus ויש שם מקום ושמו ח׳ and there is a place there named Ḥ.; Yalkut Shimoni Zechariah 575. the same place (ibid.) (play on the word) חׄדׄ … ורׄךׄ וכ׳ severe … and mild. Shir HaShirim Rabbah the passage cited שעתיד להׄדׄרׄיךׄ וכ׳ he (the Messiah) will lead the entire world etc. ↗ original
חָדַשׁ (Biblical Hebrew) [to be bright,] to be new. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִדֵּשׁ, חִידֵּשׁto renew, renovate, polish. Vayikra Rabbah section 29 (referring to בחדש, Psalms 81, 4) תְּחַדְּשׁוּ מעשיכם ye shall polish (cleanse) your doings. Bereshith Rabbah section 78, beginning (referring to Lamentations 3, 23) אתה מְחַדְּשֵׁנוּ וכ׳ thou renewest our lives every morning; אתה מח׳ לבוקרן וכ׳ thou inspirest us with new life in the morning (rise to power) etc., see בֹּקֶר; and frequently to commence anew, do again. Rosh Hashanah 7ᵃ, and elsewhere (referring to Numbers 28, 14) חַדֵּשׁ והבא וכ׳ commence a new account and offer T’rumah of the new produces. to promulgate a new law, to establish a new interpretation of a Biblical law; to find a new point. Shabbath 104ᵃ, and frequently (referring to Leviticus 26, 46) אין נביא רשאי לְחַדֵּשׁ וכ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) since the promulgation of these laws no prophet has a right to issue a new law. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 5, 22ᶜ bottom of the page it is called the New Gate, because there חִידְּשׁוּ וכ׳ (not חו׳) the Sof’rim instituted the interpretation (Halakhah); and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַדֵּשׁ,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַדֵּשׁto be renewed, to be established as a new interpretation (compare Lat. novellae); to be offered as a new point(דבר חדש). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 8, 9ᶜ top (referring to I Chronicles 8, 9) שעל ידיה נִתְחַדְּשָׁה הלכה וכ׳ at her instance the new interpretation (of the law Deuteronomy 23, 4) was established; Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 22; Ruth Rabbah to 2, 5 כבר נ׳ הלכה the law has been interpreted long before. Sotah 3ᵇ, and frequently לא נשנית אלא בשביל דבר שנ׳ בה the section is repeated for the sake of a new point added. to change turns. Yoma 26ᵃ משמרות מִתְחַדְּשׁוֹת the Temple attendants are relieved. ↗ original
חָדָשׁthe preceding) new, fresh, additional. Berachoth 9, 3. Sifra introduction לידון בדבר ח׳ in order to be defined by a new point (not included in the general law); and frequently—Esp. הֶחָ׳ or חָ׳the new produces of the field not permitted for use before the Omer day (Leviticus 23, 10—14). Kiddushin 1, 9 (37ᵃ) אף (מןּ) הח׳ also with the exception of the new produces (the law concerning which applies even to foreign countries). the same place (ibid.) 39ᵃ תני ח׳ read ‘the new fruit’ (leaving out ‘also’). Demai 4, 7 שלי ח׳ הוא mine is new fruit (not yet permitted); and frequently—plural חֲדָשִׁים. Yoma 2, 4 ח׳ לקטורת בֹּאוּ new men for offering incense (such as never before have performed that function), come and etc. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ גם ישנים new men and also old ones (who have officiated before this). Vayikra Rabbah section 2, end (referring to Song of Songs 7, 14) ח׳ the later leaders, opposite to ישנים the patriarchs; and frequently—Fem. חֲדָשָׁה. Vayikra Rabbah section 13 תורה ח׳ a new law, explained חִדּוּשׁ תורה a novel interpretation of the law (concerning slaughtering). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod., p. 102ᵃ פרוזדוגמא ח׳ a recent decree; and frequently ↗ original
חֹדֶשׁthe preceding) new moon, i.e. the first appearance of the crescent. Rosh Hashanah 1, 9, and elsewhere מי שראה את הח׳ he who sees the new moon (when it was his duty to travel to the place of the Supreme Court to testify). the same place (ibid.) יוצאין לעדות הח׳ they travel for the purpose of testifying to the sight of the new moon; and frequently month. Sanhedrin 5, 1 באיזה ח׳ in what month?; בכמה בַּח׳ on what day of the month?; and very frequently—ראש ח׳ (abbr. ר"ח) the first day of the month, the festival of New Moon. Megillah 21ᵇ פרשת ר"ח the section of the Law read on the New Moon Day (Numbers 28, 1—15); and frequently—plural חֳדָשִׁים. the same place (ibid.) 3, 4 בראשי ח׳ on New Moon Days. Rosh Hashanah 1, 3 על ששה ח׳ וכ׳ for the proclamation of six New Moon Days messengers are sent abroad. Kethuboth 60ᵃ שלשה ח׳ at an age of three months; and frequently [Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod., p. 154ᵇ ניטש מח׳ וכ׳, read חוֹרֶשׁ.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵇ bottom of the page בחדשי׳, read בחרשי׳, see חוֹרֶשׁ.] ↗ original
חֲדָשָׁה 1 fem. of חָדָשׁ. dedication of a new building. Sifré Deuteronomy 229 (referring to חדש, Deuteronomy 22, 8) משעת חֲדָשָׁתוֹ וכ׳ (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 930 חִדּוּשׁוֹ) you must make a battlement as soon as you dedicate it (not delay). ↗ original
חֲדָשָׁה 2 (Biblical Hebrew), עיר ח׳ proper noun of a place Ir Ḥădashah, in Judæa. Eruvin 5, 6 (see, however, Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 23ᵃ top). ↗ original
חֲדַת Targum Numbers 6, 3. Targum Exodus 1, 8 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Amsterdam edition חָדַת); and elsewhere—Targum Deuteronomy 24, 5 (edition Berlin edition חֲדַתָּא); and elsewhere—Targum Jeremiah 31, 21 חדתא a new event.—Berachoth 28ᵃ, see חַד 2.—Yoma 19ᵇ (explained אחת, the same place (ibid.) 1, 7) על חדת for (showing) something novel.—plural חַדְתִּין; fem. חַדְתָּן, חֲדַתָּן, חַדְתָּתָא. Targum Isaiah 65, 17. the same place (ibid.) 48, 6; and elsewhere—Shekalim 6, 5 תקלין ח׳ new Shekels (of this year’s contributions). Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 5, 47ᵃ מה ח׳ יימרון (read: יומא דין) what were the novel things to-day (at college)?; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, 40ᶜ bottom of the page חדתון (correct accordingly); Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 9, 6ᵈ bottom of the page חידות.—Menachoth 35ᵃ, and the following חדתתא new T’fillin.—Denom.: ↗ original
חַדִּת = Hebrew חִדֵּשׁto renew, restore. Targum I Samuel 11, 14; and frequently—[Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 32, 12, see below.] to add something new, to change; to make an exception. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 27, 34 (see חָדַשׁ, Pi'el 3); and elsewhere—Kethuboth 45ᵃ ח׳ רחמנא the biblical text states an exceptional law. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַדֵּתto be renewed etc. (see חָדַשׁ). Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 32, 12 לאִתְחַדָּתָא edition Berlin edition (other edition לחַדָּתָא, לחַדְתָּא which He will renew).—Targum I Chronicles 8, 9 (see נִישּׂוּאִין Chaldaic (Aramaic)). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 32, 1. ↗ original
חוּב (Biblical Hebrew), perf. חָב, participle חַיָיב, חָב [to be bound over, seized,] to be declared guilty, be sentenced; to be punishable; to be (legally, morally or religiously) bound, to be responsible. Bava Kamma 1, 1 חב המזיק he who caused the damage must pay. the same place (ibid.) 6ᵇ חב … חייב … מיבעי לה the Mishnah says ḥab, ought it not rather to read ḥayab (participle)?—[Answ.: they are the words of a Jerusalem Tannai.]—the same place (ibid.) 1, 2 כל שׁחַבְתִּי בשמירתו וכ׳ for whatever I am legally bound to guard, I am legally answerable in case of injury. Shabbath 1, 1 העני חייב the recipient (the person standing outside) is guilty (of transgressing the Sabbath law).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 1, 36ᵈ top חב על כל וכ׳ he is punishable for each separately.—Berachoth 9, 5 חייב אדם וכ׳ man must praise the Lord etc. Chagigah 4ᵃ, and elsewhere כל מצוה שהאשה חַיֶיבֶת בה וכ׳ whatever religious act is obligatory on woman, is also obligatory etc.—the same place (ibid.) מה להלן נשים חַיָיבוֹת as there (Deuteronomy 31, 12) women are included in the obligation; and very frequently to act in behalf of a person to the latter’s disadvantage. Eruvin 7, 11 ואין חָבִין וכ׳, see זָכָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 4, 4ᵇ bottom of the page בתחלה … ע"מ לָחוֹב להן וכ׳ originally guardians are not assigned to minors that they may eventually act to their disadvantage etc.; ואם חָבוּ חָבוּ but if they have done so, their action is legal (and they cannot be held responsible); Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 5, 47ᵃ top of the page—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 11, 34ᵇ bottom of the page נמצאתה חב וכ׳ then you would cause a disadvantage to the relics; and frequently—ח׳ בעצמו to be alone answerable for one’s loss. Berachoth 1, 3 כדאי היית לָחוֹב בעצמך thou wouldst have deserved to be made answerable etc., i.e. if you had met with an accident you would have had none but yourself to blame. to owe, be indebted. Shevuoth 7, 5; and frequently—ח׳ חטאת to be bound to bring a sin-offering; ח׳ מיתה to be subject to death penalty. Shabbath 7, 1. the same place (ibid.) 11, 6 כל חַיְיבֵי חטאת וכ׳ all those eventually bound to bring etc., are not bound, unless etc. Sanhedrin 58ᵇ; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיֵּיבto declare guilty, to convict, sentence (opposite זִיכָּה, פָּטַר). Sanhedrin 6ᵃ ח׳ את הזכאי if a judge (by an illegal decision) convicted one who ought to have been acquitted. the same place (ibid.) 3, 6 ואחד מְחַיֵּיב and one votes for acquittal. Shevuoth 4, 13 ר׳ מאיר מח׳ וכ׳ R. M. says, he is guilty (of blasphemy); and very frequently—Shemoth Rabbah section 32, beginning חִיַּיבְתֶּם עצמיכם you have given judgment against yourselves. Bava Metzia 3ᵇ פיו אין מְחַיְּיבוֹ ממון וכ׳ the defendant’s own statement cannot cause a judgment against him to pay a penalty, but causes the imposition of an oath. Yoma 35ᵇ הלל מח׳ וכ׳, see הִלֵּל.—participle pass. מְחוּיָּיב, מְחוּיָּב = חַיָיב, sentenced, bound. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 3, 27ᵇ מְחוּיְּיבֵי מיתות those sentenced to death, מ׳ מכות sentenced to lashes.—Berachoth 20ᵇ, and frequently כל שׁאינו מ׳ בדבר וכ׳ whatever is not obligatory upon a person himself, cannot be done by him as a representative of the community, see חוֹבָה; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַיֵּיב,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַיֵּיבto be convicted, amenable to law. Kethuboth 30ᵇ מי שנ׳ סקילה he who (under Jewish jurisdiction) would have been sentenced to death through stoning. the same place (ibid.) כבר נ׳ בגניבה וכ׳ he was amenable to punishment for theft, before he transgressed etc. the same place (ibid.) מִתְחַיֵּיב בנפשו לא הוה וכ׳ but guilty of a deadly sin he was not until he ate it; and frequently to be responsible. Avoth 3, 4, and frequently הרי זה מתח׳ בנפשו he is responsible for his life, would have himself to blame, if any accident should befall him (see Berachoth 3 quoted above). to be doomed, to have the misfortune to. Tosefta Shevuoth 3, 4 אין אדם מתח׳ לשמוע וכ׳ one has not the misfortune to hear (a curse etc.), unless he sinned himself (referring to Leviticus 5, 1). the same place (ibid.) הרואה … עבירה נ׳ לראות if one sees people sin, (we say) he had the misfortune to see, opposite זכה. ↗ original
חוּב ² perf. a. participle חָב, חַב same, especially to incur guilt, to sin. Targum Exodus 32, 31. Targum Leviticus 4, 22; and frequently—Targum Onkelos Numbers 15, 28 בִּמְחֲבֵיה edition Berlin edition (other edition בְּמֵחֲבֵיה, בְּמֶחֲ׳). Pa'el פִּעֵל חַיֵּיב as the precedingPi. Targum Job 34, 17; and frequently—Echah Rabbah to 2, 1 (explained יָעִיב, the same place (ibid.)) איך ח׳ וכ׳ how did the Lord … condemn etc.; there are places דצווחין לחַיָיבָא עייבא where ḥayaba (the guilty) is pronounced ͑ayaba, see עוּב.—Bava Kamma 68ᵇ לא לִיחַיְּיבֵיה (omitted in Manuscript Florence) do not condemn him (to pay a fine). Berachoth 20ᵇ וכל מ"ע נְחַיְּיבִינְהוּ וכ׳ we might just as well by rabbinical ordinance declare them subject to all positive religious duties; and frequently—participle pass. מְחַיַּיב (interch. with מִיחַיַּיב, see below). to induce to sin. Targum 2 Kings 21, 16; and elsewhere Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיתְחַיַּיב, אִיחַיַּיבto become guilty, to be induced to sin. Targum I Samuel 19, 5 (edition Lagarde edition את מחייב). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 5, 19; and elsewhere to be convicted, sentenced etc.; to be amenable to law, be bound. Targum Psalms 34, 23; and elsewhere—Kethuboth 85ᵃ ההיא … דאִיחַיְּיבָא שבועה וכ׳ a woman was declared bound to make oath in the court of etc. Rosh Hashanah 29ᵃ מִיחַיְּיבֵי are bound (subject to the law about Shofar). the same place (ibid.) אימא … לא לִיחַיְּיבוּ I might have thought they ought not to be bound. Bava Kamma 72ᵇ כי קא מְחַיַּיב (see above) when does he become responsible; and very frequently ↗ original
חוֹב 1the preceding words) debt, indebtedness.—בעל ח׳ (abbr. ב"ח) creditor. Kethuboth 9, 2 והניח … וב"ח וכ׳ and left a widow, a creditor (claiming a debt) and heirs. the same place (ibid.) 3 וב"ח יותר על חוֹבוֹ and the creditor (seized) more than his debt amounted to. the same place (ibid.) 69ᵃ בת בעלת ח׳ הויא a daughter (of a deceased father) has the privileges of a creditor, contradistinguished to יורשת, heiress; and frequently—שטר ח׳ note of indebtedness. the same place (ibid.) 13, 8 המוציא ש׳ ח׳ וכ׳ if one produces a note against etc.; and frequently—plural חוֹבִין. Nedarim 47ᵇ בעלי ח׳ creditors. ↗ original
חוֹב 2bosom, in a transferred sense the full ramification of a tree, opposite חוּד the point, the body of the tree reaching above the main branches. Bava Kamma 81ᵃ bottom of the page חוּבּוֹ של אילן Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), Manuscript Hamburg a. F. (Rashi version: חיבו; edition אִיבֹּו, see אֵב). seam, rim.—plural חוּבִּין. the same place (ibid.) 119ᵇ top ולא … שלשה ח׳ he must not use (of the cloth for stretching and hackling) more than three widths of a seam; [Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 11, 13 edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) חכין, also some manuscripts Bava Kamma the passage cited, Manuscript Florence a. R. חֻבִּין, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage), note; see חַכָּה]. ↗ original
חוֹבָאdebt. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 19, 15 חוֹב ממון. Targum Isaiah 3, 12 מרי ח׳ creditors (Hebrew text נָשִׁים!). sin, guilt. Targum Genesis 20, 9 (O. edition Amsterdam edition חוֹבָאָה); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page דין עבד חדא ח׳ this one comitted one sin and died in it; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᶜ חד חובה. the same place (ibid.) ומה ח׳ וכ׳ and what was the sin he committed?—plural חוֹבִין, חוֹבַיָּא, חוֹבֵי. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 10, 4. Targum I Samuel 13, 1; and elsewhere—Echah Rabbah to 1, 2 ח׳ בישיא וכ׳ (not בישא) bad debts have you contracted etc. ↗ original
חוֹבָה (חוּב) obligation, duty; (supply (understood word) קרבן) obligatory sacrifice, opposite נְדָבָה. Nazir 2, 8 הרי אני נזיר ח׳ I am a Nazir by obligation (because the condition of my vow was fulfilled), opposite נזיר נדבה a voluntary nazarite without a conditional vow. the same place (ibid.) הראשון ח׳ in that case my first nazariteship was obligatory. Kinnim 1, 1 הח׳ the obligatory sacrifices, opposite נדרים ונדבות. Berachoth 27ᵇ תפלת … רשות או ח׳ is the evening prayer elective or obligatory? Zevachim 1, 1 לא עלו … לשם ח׳ they are not accounted to those who offered them as a compliance with the obligation under which they are. Berachoth 8ᵇ, and frequently יוצא … ידי חוֹבָתוֹ has paid his obligation (of reading the Sh’ma). the same place (ibid.) 20ᵇ, and frequently אינו מוציא … ידי חוֹבָתָן cannot be the medium through which others pay their obligation (see חוּב); and frequently חוֹבַת הגוף, חוֹבַת גברא etc., see גּוּף, גַּבְרָא etc.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 14ᵇ bottom of the page פרוש אדע חוֹבָתִי וכ׳ a Pharisee of the class (of those who say), ‘I want to know my obligation, and I will pay it’, explained הי דא חובתא וכ׳ what wrong have I done that I may do a good act to make up for it.—plural חוֹבוֹת. Sukkah 56ᵃ, see רֶגֶל; and elsewhere—2) condemnation, doom.—plural as ab. Midrash Tehillim to Ps 4, 8 פותחין בח׳ begin with predictions of doom, opposite נחמות. [חוֹבָה Chaldaic, see חוֹבָא.] ↗ original
*חוּבְטָא (חבט) [hash,] giblets. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 נסב ח׳ ומעיא (רבתי) Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) חבו׳, variant reading קרביא; edition בני מעיא) he took the giblets with the entrails. ↗ original
חוֹבְלָן (חָבַל) a wasteful, reckless person. Treatise Smachoth, Treatise 9, end שלא יהא ח׳ (variant reading חבלן) not to be reckless by throwing garments upon the dead to be buried with them. ↗ original
חוֹבְלָנִית (see the preceding) a court which does not spare human lives, tyrannical. Makkoth 1, 10 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition a. Makkoth 7ᵃ חַבְלָנִית). ↗ original
חוּבָּץ 1Bar-Ḥubbats. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᵃ see next word the same place (ibid.) בר חביץ (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חוּבָּץ 2 (חבץ) soft cheese. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 1, 33ᶜ.—Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי (חד מאת׳ 4) ח׳ דעיזא וכ׳ cheese from a white goat.—plural חוּבְצִין. the same place (ibid.) Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᵃ אמר חד ח׳ said one, Let us have cheese (indirectly denouncing one Bar-Ḥubbats who had absented himself from a meeting, see the preceding). ח׳ דתמרי a mash of pressed dates. Kethuboth 80ᵃ (different interpretation or differently interpreted frequently חֲבִיצָא; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חִיבּוּצָא), see שִׁיגְרָא. ↗ original
חוֹבֵר (חָבַר) (Biblical Hebrew) charmer, see חָבַר 3). 3). assistant, partner, see חָבַר 1). ↗ original
חוֹגֵג (= Biblical Hebrew חַגְוֵי, see חֲגַג a. חַגְוָא)clefts, precipices. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 42, 5 (referring to חוגג, the same place (ibid.)) לשון יוני הוא ח׳ של מים (edition חוגים, Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 742 חוגגים) it is a Greek phrase ‘precipices of water’ (καταρράκτης); compare אָגוֹגָא. ↗ original
חוּגְתָא (חֲגַג) circle, limit. Targum Proverbs 8, 27. ↗ original
חוּד (see אֲחַד) to connect, finish an arch by inserting the keystone. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 40ᵃ bottom of the page דהוא חָיֵיד כל וכ׳ for he finishes the entire arch (compare Babylonian Avodah Zarah 19ᵇ מכוש אחרון, see מַכּוֹשׁ 2). (compare Syriac (Peshitta) אחד claudere enigma, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 116) to bring to a point, to compose an enigma, allegory etc. Targum Judges 14, 12, and the following Targum Ezekiel 17, 2. [. אָחֵידto connect. Targum Isaiah 44, 13 מְאָחֵיד (מְאַחֵיד, frequently אֲחַד).] ↗ original
חוֹד (חדד) point, thin participle Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 2 כחוּדָּה של מחט as the point of a needle. Bava Kamma 81ᵃ bottom of the page, see חוֹב 2. Zevachim 53ᵃ (חוּדָּהּ) חוּדּוֹ של קרן the point of the horn of the altar. [Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 3, 9, see חוֹר I.] 5. חַדָּה. ↗ original
חַוָּהּ (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a female person Ḥavvah, Eve, Adam’s wife. Bereshith Rabbah section 22 ח׳ הראשונה the original Eve. Shabbath 95ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original
חַוְורָן to Delitzsch Job p. 597, compare חָרַר) Havran, Auran, a signal station, for proclaiming the New-Moon, in the country east of the Jordan named Auranitis. Rosh Hashanah 2, 4 (22ᵇ) (Mishnah, editio Pesaro חורון, Mishnah Nap. חברון; Oxford manuscript חורון); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2 (1), 2 (variant reading חַוְרָן).—(בְּרַת) בֵּית ח׳Beth-(Brath-) Havran, probably the same place. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 1, 46ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᵇ bottom of the page, and elsewhere ר׳ חונייה דב׳ ח׳; Babylonian Moed Katan 3ᵇ ר׳ נחוניא איש בקעת בית חֲוַרְתָּן (Munich manuscript בקעת חוו׳); Sukkah 34ᵃ Munich manuscript (missing in edition). Eruvin 11ᵃ בקעת בית חורתן Munich manuscript (edition חרוותן). ↗ original
חוֹזָאָה 1 (חזיּ) a visionary, fiction-teller. Pesachim 105ᵇ לא ח׳ אנא ולא חכימא אנא Munich manuscript (edition לא חכימאה … ח׳ וכ׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) I am neither a poet (inventing a story) nor a speculator. [Rashi explains: מַגִּיד.] ↗ original
חוֹזָאֵיBe-Hozaë, a district, on the caravan road, along the Tigris and its canals. Moed Katan 20ᵃ (Munich manuscript 2 בי חוזאה). Shabbath 51ᵇ sent money לבי ח׳ וכ׳ to (the merchants in) Be-H. to buy him a Lybian ass (see Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 380). Taanith 21ᵇ איכא מותנא בי ח׳ there is an epidemic in B. H.—Kethuboth 85ᵃ הוו מסקי … בי ח׳ men of B. H. had a claim against him.—Denom. חוֹזָאָה. Avodah Zarah 41ᵇ רב חנינא ח׳; Shabbath 130ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original
חוֹזֶהseer. Bereshith Rabbah section 90; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 148 (interpret. חׄ of צׄפׄנׄתׄ פׄעׄנׄחׄ, Genesis 41, 45).—plural חוֹזִים. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joh. 1). ↗ original
חוֹזִי (חָזָה; formed like חוֹלִי) aspect, nature. Tosefta Oholoth 15, 12 איני יודע חוֹזְיוֹ … מהו וכ׳ I do not know the nature of the case, but (I do know) that etc. ↗ original
חוֹזְרָנָאsurroundings. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 35, 5. the same place (ibid.) 41, 48. ↗ original
חוֹזְרָנוּתָא feminine (collect. noun) same. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 13, 8. see חַזְרָנוּתָא↗ original
חוֹחָא Targum 2 Kings 14, 9.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᵇ (read:] קמושא מתעביד ח׳ דאפר ח׳ דאפר מתעביד שד (not קמקמה … חורב וכ׳) the kimmosh (see קִימּוֹשׁ) changes into a thorn of the meadow (to distinguish frequently ח׳ plum-tree), the thorn … changes into a demon; see Bava Kamma 16ᵃ.—plural חוֹחִין, חוֹחֵי. Targum Isaiah 34, 13. Gittin 70ᵃ, see דַּרְדָּרָא. [Syriac (Peshitta) חוחא, plum-tree, see אַחְוָנַיָּיא.] ↗ original
חוֹט (חטט) incisors. Bechoroth 6, 4 (39ᵃ) ח׳ החיצונות (Mishnah edition חִיטָּיו, read חוּ׳) the central two incisors, הפנימיות (Babylonian edition הפנימים) the one each to the right and left of the central incisors. the same place (ibid.) 35ᵃ; 37ᵃ ↗ original
חוּטPa'elחַיֵּיט same. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 21, 6.—Bava Bathra 58ᵃ, see חַטִּיטָא. ↗ original
חוּט 2to fasten, especially (denominative of חֲוַט) to provide a shoe with straps. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵈ top לא יֵחוֹט ליה מסאניה that he should not make for his (woolen) shoes straps of flax but leather thongs. the same place (ibid.) מהו מֵיחוֹט מסאניה בכיתן (not דכ׳) is it permitted to put flax straps on etc.? Pa'el פִּעֵל חַיֵּיט, חַיֵּטsame, same, to fasten, strap. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 25, 9. to sew. Targum Job 16, 15; and elsewhere—Menachoth 37ᵇ האי מאן דחַיְּיטֵיה לגלימיה he who sewed the trail of his cloak up. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵃ bottom of the page הוה מְחַיֵּיט וכ׳ was doing tailor’s work at etc.; and frequently to mend, patch. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 1) ח׳ ליה מן וכ׳ he patched it in one place etc.; and elsewhere to form a net of straps, plait. Avodah Zarah 75ᵃ דחַיְּיטֵי בחבלי וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition דחַיְּטֵי) which they plait with chords etc. ↗ original
חֲוַט , shoe-thong. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵈ top, see חוּט 2. ↗ original
חוּט 3the preceding words) thread, chord, strap; sinew. Kelim 29, 3 ח׳ משקולת chord of the plumb-line; the same place (ibid.) 4 ח׳ מאזנים of the balances.—Yevamoth 121ᵇ, and frequently ח׳ השערה a single hair, see דִּקְדֵּק.—Chullin 3, 1, a frequently ח׳ השדרה the spinal chord.—Chagigah 12ᵇ הקב"ה … ח׳ של חסד the Lord strings around him a chord of grace (protection). Megillah 13ᵃ ח׳ של חסד וכ׳ a chord of (divine) grace was strung etc. Menachoth 39ᵃ נפסק הח׳ מעיקרו the twining thread of the show-fringes is broken at the top of the page the same place (ibid.) ח׳ של כרך the thread used for twining; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵇ bottom of the page חוטמה וכ׳, read: חוט דומה לשערה a band (of hair) resembling her own hair.—plural חוּטִים, חוּטִין. Sanhedrin 52ᵃ, and elsewhere שני ח׳ של אש two threads (lines) of fire. Vayikra Rabbah section 14, see זְהוֹרִית.—Menachoth 39ᵇ חוּטֵי צמר woolen threads (as show-fringes). Shabbath 6, 5 חוטי שיער bands made of hair. the same place (ibid.) 6 בח׳ וכ׳ with threads … in their ears (in place of earrings). Chullin 93ᵃ ח׳ שביד the veins of the fore-foot; and frequently (Geogr.) air-line. Tosefta Terumoth 2, 12. the same place (ibid.) 13 מן הח׳ ולפנים וכ׳ what is inside (East) of the line is considered as belonging to the land of Israel.—[Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 5, 14 יוצאת החוט, see חוּץ 2.] ↗ original
חוּטָאthread etc. Targum Genesis 14, 23 (compare חֲוַט); and frequently—Bava Bathra 91ᵇ ח׳ דדובשא a continuous flow of honey; and frequently border-line (see the preceding 2). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ bottom of the page ח׳ דנוה the border-line of Naveh (separating the territory occupied by Jews from the neighboring heathen colony for levitical purposes).—plural חוּטִין, חוּטַיָּא, חוּטֵי. Targum Onkelos Exodus 39, 3; and frequently—Chullin 93ᵃ חמשא ח׳ הוו there are five veins or sinews which must be removed; and frequently—Esp. the show-fringes(צִיצִית). the same place (ibid.) 110ᵃ לא רמי ח׳ had no show-fringes put on his garment; and frequently ↗ original
חוֹטְבָא (חֲטַב) embroidery, design.—plural חוֹטְבֵי. Nedarim 49ᵇ גלימא דח׳ (Rashi a. Tosafoth דתו׳, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) דהִיטְ׳) an embroidered cloak. (see חָטַב I) chiselling; in a transferred sense design, plot. Targum Psalms 73, 7 חוֹטְבֵיהוֹן (Leviticus חָטְ׳). ↗ original
חוֹטָם (חטם, see חתם) [seal, mark,] the distinctive feature of the face, nose, nostril. Yevamoth 16, 3 (120ᵃ) identification of a corpse can be established only בפרצוף פנים עם הח׳ on seeing the face with the nose on. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, 23ᶜ bottom of the page, see הַכָּרָה. Vayikra Rabbah section 18, beginning והירח זה הח׳ ‘the moon’ (Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 2) is a metaphorical expression for the nose; Shabbath 151ᵇ; and frequently—Taanith 29ᵃ בעל הח׳ a disguise for the well-known man, see בָּקַשׁ. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵇ bottom of the page חוטמה, see חוּט 3.]—2) the oblate part of a spheric body. Niddah 47ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6, 4 ראש הח׳ the top (central circle) of the oblate part of a female breast. Sukkah 35ᵇ bottom of the page חוֹטְמוֹ the oblate top of the Ethrog; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 53ᵈ; and frequently—plural חוֹטְמִין. Tosefta Niddah 4, 10 שני חוֹטְמָיו the indications of the two nostrils of the embryo; Niddah 25ᵃ חוטמין (read חוטמין); Vayikra Rabbah section 14 (Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 3, 50ᵈ נקובי חוטמו). Bechoroth 39ᵃ ניקבו ח׳ וכ׳ if the partitions of the nostrils are perforated into one another.—Transferred snout. plural as ab. Middoth 3, 2 (Mishnah some edition חוטין, incorr.). Sukkah 4, 9 (48ᵇ) ומנוקבין כמין שני ח׳ the two bowls had cavities (outlets) like two slender snouts, see דָּקַק (see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)). the knotted strappings of a shoe. Tosefta Shabbath 12 (13), 14 (compare חַרְטוּמָא). ↗ original
חוֹטֶר common gender (= Biblical Hebrew חֹטֶר, see חֲטַר; compare גִּזְרָא I) staff, scepter. Targum Numbers 17, 17. Targum Psalms 45, 7; and frequently [Also חֹטֶר, חֻטְרָא, construct state חֲטַר.].—Bereshith Rabbah section 53, see זְרַק. Yevamoth 65ᵇ; Kethuboth 64ᵃ, see מָרָא 2.—Vayikra Rabbah section 18 ח׳ ותרתין וכ׳ the (old man’s) staff and two feet. Shabbath 109ᵇ ח׳ דרעיא Munich manuscript (edition יחידאה) the Shepherd’s Staff (the Lonely Staff), name of a plant, see חוּמְטַרְיָא.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 60ᵇ top, and elsewhere, see מַשְׁכּוֹכִית; and frequently—plural חוּטְרִין, חוּטְרַיָּא. Targum Genesis 30, 37; and frequently ↗ original
חוּטְרָא 2 (see חֲטַר, compare גִּזְרָא 2) fold, enclosure. Targum Micah 2, 12.—Shabbath 32ᵃ (proverb) אבב ח׳ מילי וכ׳ at the gate of the fold, there are words (bargaining), but in the stalls (where the sheep are delivered), strict account (in critical moments a woman’s sins are visited, see חִגְּרָא).—plural חוּטְרִין, חַטְ׳. Targum Onkelos Numbers 32, 16 חַטְ׳ edition Berlin edition (edition Lisb. חֹטְ׳). Targum I Samuel 24, 4 חוּ׳ edition Lagarde edition (other edition חַטְ׳). ↗ original
חוּטְרָא 3Ḥutra, Ḥutraya, near Nehardea. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 4ᵃ bottom of the page the same place (ibid.) 5, end, 7ᶜ R. Idi דחוטריה; Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, end, 61ᵈ דחוטר׳. ↗ original
חוּטְרָנָא (חוּטְרָא 1) striped like a staff (see Genesis 30, 37). Shabbath 110ᵇ דבר אחר ח׳ a striped (checkered) swine. [Oth. opinion in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): hump-backed, see next word, a. Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1250.] ↗ original
חוֹטֶרֶת = חֲטוֹטֶרֶת, camel’s hunch. Shabbath 54ᵃ ובחוֹטַרְתֹּו (Alfasi בחֲטוֹטַרְתּו) and tied to is hunch. ↗ original
חוי , Pi. חִיוָּה (Biblical Hebrew) to point. Megillah 16ᵃ היתה מְחַוָּוה וכ׳ she was pointing at Ahasver. to show, teach, tell. Bereshith Rabbah section 20 (play on חַוָּה) ח׳ לה אדם וכ׳ Adam told her etc. ↗ original
חוי ²Pa'elחַוֵּי same, to show;to tell. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 34, 1. Targum Judges 4, 12; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 7, 31ᵃ top ח׳ סלעא וכ׳ (not סלעיה) showed a Sela to R. E. (for examination). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֲוֵיsame. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy the passage cited; and elsewhere—Bava Kamma 100ᵃ א׳ ליה דינרא וכ׳ showed a Denar to R. E. (see above). the same place (ibid.) 116ᵇ דאחוי אַחְיָיֵי (not אחוי) he pointed the field out (to the officials for confiscation). the same place (ibid.) ואמרי ליה אַחְוִי ארעתיה (not אחויי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 70) and the officials said to him show (us) his field. Sanhedrin 107ᵇ manuscripts a. old editions (omitted in later edition) א׳ ליה בידיה he made a sign to him with his hand; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 12, 12ᶜ top … ר׳ מַחֲוֵי וכ׳ R. Z. told R. Ba that etc. [Targum 2 Esther 2, 21 מחוי חיויא, read with edition Lagarde edition ויִמְחֵיה, see מְחָא 2.] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַוֵּיto be announced; to be told. Targum Genesis 27, 42. Targum Psalms 88, 12 (not די תחוי). ↗ original
חוּךְ 1 Shabbath 54ᵇ דלא הדר חָיֵיךְ ביה that the animal might not turn to scratch (and make the wound sore again). ↗ original
חוּךְ 2 (onomatopoetic, see the preceding) [to hawk,] to laugh, (= צָחַק) to jest with, caress; to laugh at. participle חָאִיךְ, חָיֵיךְ. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 26, 8. Targum Proverbs 29, 9 חָאֵךְ, edition Lagarde edition חאיך (Leviticus אָחֵיךְAf'el).—Gittin 55ᵇ לא תְחוּכוּ, see below. Moed Katan 17ᵃ לא בדידך קא חָיִיכְנָא Munich manuscript (edition מְחַיַּיכְנָא) I do not laugh at thee; and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל חַיֵּיךְ, חָאֵיךְsame, to hawk. Bereshith Rabbah section 67, see חָכַךְ. to laugh. Targum Judges 16, 25. Targum Onkelos Genesis 21, 9 מְחָאִיךְ (manuscript מְאָחֵיךְ). the same place (ibid.) 18, 12; and frequently—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 90ᵃ אנא … ומְחַיֵּיךְ בהדין וכ׳ (Oxford manuscript מדחיך, manuscript Carm. מגחך) I will go and make sport of etc. (see דְּחֵיךְ). Sanhedrin 26ᵇ אֲחוּכֵי קא מְחַיְּיכַת בן does thou make sport of us?—Moed Katan 17ᵃ חייך edition (Munich manuscript אָחֵיךְ). the same place (ibid.) קא מחייכנא, see above. Af'el הִפְעִיל אָחֵיךְsame. Targum Onkelos Genesis 21, 9; and elsewhere, see above.—Berachoth 18ᵇ מ"ט אֲחִיכַת (Munich manuscript חייכת) why didst thou laugh (with joy)? the same place (ibid.) 19ᵇ לא תָחִיכוּ עלה do not laugh at it (see above).—Nedarim 51ᵃ א׳ רבי (not אחוך); and frequently—5. מִחַךְ. ↗ original
חוֹךְ 2 (חוּךְ 2) laughter, gladness, object of derision. Targum Onkelos Genesis 38, 23. Targum Judges 16, 27; and frequently—Targum Job 12, 4 חיך (edition Lagarde edition חַיַיךְ).—Berachoth 9ᵇ לא פסק ח׳ וכ׳ laughter did not vanish from his lips (he felt happy) etc. Shevuoth 34ᵇ מאי ח׳ what is the cause of the laughter?—Eruvin 68ᵇ, see אִטְלוּלָא; and elsewhere ↗ original
חוּכְמָא (חכם) wisdom, learning. Targum Exodus 28, 3; and frequently—Shabbath 90ᵇ לח׳ for acquiring wisdom. the same place (ibid.) 30ᵃ אן חָכְמְתָךְ where is thy wisdom? Moed Katan 28ᵃ חוּכְמְתֵיה וכ׳; and elsewhere subtlety. Targum Genesis 27, 35. ↗ original
חוּל [to turn around, circle,] to dance. participle חָל, חוֹל; perf. חָל. Taanith 4, 8 יוצאות וחוֹלוֹת וכ׳ used to go out and dance in the vineyards; Echah Rabbah introduction וחָלוֹת (ר׳ זעירא) (edition Vilna edition וחולות). Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 11 חָלִין לפניו dance before Him, see חוֹלָה. Bereshith Rabbah section 74 חָלִים; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 1; and elsewhere (compare חַג) to come in turn, to occur. Megillah 1, 1 חל להיות וכ׳ if the fourteenth fell on a Monday. Rosh Hashanah 4, 1; and very frequently (with על) to hover around one’s head, to rest upon one as a duty; to take effect (as a law). Shevuoth 25ᵃ הנדרים חָלִים על וכ׳ vows are binding even if referring to a religious obligation. the same place (ibid.) שבועות חָלוֹת וכ׳ oaths are binding etc.; Nedarim 15ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) 17ᵃ אין חָלָה וכ׳ one vow of nazaritism does not take effect etc.; Chullin 101ᵃ איסור חל וכ׳, see אִיסּוּר. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 9ᵃ top; and very frequently Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּחַל [to be made to circle,] to be commenced, established. Berachoth 31ᵃ הוּחֲלָה it (prayer at fixed times) was instituted. ↗ original
חוּל ²to dance. participleחָיֵיל. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 15, 20 חיילין (read חַיְילָן). to take effect. Yoma 14ᵃ חַיְילָא עליה וכ׳ the observation of mourning rests upon him. Nedarim 17ᵃ ח׳ נזירות וכ׳, see the preceding Shevuoth 24ᵇ ח׳ אתאנים takes effect with reference to figs. Chullin 103ᵃ אתי … ח׳ comes and takes effect in addition to etc. the same place (ibid.) … ובמיתי מֵיחַל (מֵיחוּל) וכ׳ and they differ as to whether or not the prohibition of … comes to take effect etc.; and frequently to hover over one’s head, be impending. Targum Jeremiah 7, 20; and elsewhere Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחָיִילto turn in a circle, dance. Targum Psalms 42, 5 (Hebrew text אדדם). ↗ original
חוּל 2 (see חָלָה) to be smooth, quiet, see below. Hithpol. הִתְחוֹלֵלto be quieted. Berachoth 30ᵇ כדי שתִּתְחוֹלֵל דעתו עליו (Munich manuscript, Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 392, Deuteronomy 813 שתָּחוּל) until his mind is quieted (collected for prayer). ↗ original
חוּל ³ , to be smooth, lax; to be forgiving, renounce; to be sweet. Targum Onkelos Genesis 4, 26 חָליּ וכ׳ men became lax in worshipping.—Kethuboth 86ᵃ top תיזיל ותֵיחוּל וכ׳ Alfasi (edition ותיחלה, Asheri ותימחל) let her go and renounce her mother’s widowhood in favor of her father.—Gittin 47ᵃ דלֵיחוֹל אַדְּמֵיה that he (the gladiator) may be in a forgiving mood for his life (which he is forced to risk); [other opinion דלֵיחוֹל אִדְמֵיה that his blood may be sweet, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word אדמא]. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַיֵּילto sweeten (by adding good wine), to improve. Bava Metzia 60ᵃ דילמא טפי ומְחַיְּילֵיה וכ׳ lest he may add unmixed wine and improve it, and then sell it (for pure wine). Af'el הִפְעִיל אָחֵיל (אַחֲלֵי, frequently חלי) to be liberal, to forgive. Berachoth 12ᵇ אֲחִילוּ ליה מן וכ׳ they in heaven forgave him. Shabbath 30ᵃ דא׳ להו עון וכ׳ He pardoned them for the violation of the Day of Atonement; Moed Katan 9ᵃ. Kethuboth the passage cited אֲחִילְתָּהּ she renounced it, see above.—Bava Metzia 73ᵃ אֲחוּלֵי … מַחֲלֵי וכ׳ Manuscript Rome (edition אוזולי … מוזלי, see זוּל I Chaldaic (Aramaic)) they were liberal towards you. Bava Bathra 144ᵃ אחולי אַחֲלָה she resigned her claim. [Moed Katan 17ᵃ מיתחיל = מִתְחֲלִיל, see חֲלַל.] 5. מְחַל. ↗ original
חוֹל 1sand, sand-region, esp. the sand used for glass-making. Shabbath 8, 5 ח׳ הדק fine sand (marl used for manure); ח׳ הגס coarse sand (for cementing). Megillah 6ᵃ, see זְכוּכִית. [Shabbath 90ᵃ בורית זה ח׳, see אֳהָל.]—plural חוֹלוֹתsandy region, sea-shore, desert. Shabbath 31ᵃ בין הח׳ on an oasis surrounded with sand-land. Megillah 6ᵃ Cæsarea שהיא יושבת בין הח׳ which was situated between the sea-places, see חוֹלַת.—Vayikra Rabbah section 5 ח׳ אנטוכיא, see חוֹלַת.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 1, 2ᶜ top בחופר בח׳ if one digs a pit in sandy ground. Sifré Deuteronomy 39 בית הח׳, see חוֹלָסִית. ↗ original
חוֹל 2Ḥol, name of a fabulous bird (Phoenix). Bereshith Rabbah section 19 (referring to Job 29, 18); Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12; Yalkut Shimoni Job 917. Cmp. אַיְורַשְׁנָא. ↗ original
חוֹל 3 [outside of the sanctuary, foreign,] profane, common, opposite קוֹדֶשׁ; week-day, opposite שַׁבָּת, מוֹעֵד. Pesachim 104ᵃ; Chullin 26ᵇ בין קודש לח׳ between what is sacred and what is secular. Shevuoth 35ᵇ כל שמות … חוץ מזה שהוא ח׳ all names of lordship (Adonay) … are sacred, except the following which is secular (referring to persons).—חוֹלוֹ של מועד, or חול המועד the half-festive days intervening between the first and the last days of Passover or of Succoth. Megillah 22ᵇ; and frequently—Maʿǎser Sheni 3, 8 פתוחות לח׳ having an entrance on secular ground; the same place (ibid.) תוכן ח׳ their inside is secular ground. Bava Metzia 84ᵇ כלי … ישתמש בו ח׳ shall the vessel once used for sacred things, be used for secular purposes (shall R. Eleazar’s widow marry Rabbi)?; and very frequently—plural חוּלִּיןprofane things, animals etc. not consecrated, ordinary objects. Chullin 2ᵇ, and elsewhere ח׳ שנעשו על וכ׳ ordinary food (not T’rumah) prepared with the precautions required for the levitical cleanness of consecrated food.—Pesachim 22ᵃ, and frequently ח׳ שנשחטו בעזרה animals not consecrated for sacrifices which were slaughtered in the Temple court. the same place (ibid.), and frequently ח׳ … דאורייתא the law forbidding the use of ordinary animals slaughtered etc., is not Biblical. Gittin 62ᵃ עיסת חוּלָּיו his ordinary dough; זיתי חוליו (not ים …), see טָהֳרָה. Chagigah 1, 3 באות מן הח׳ are procured from secular funds, opposite to proceeds from second tithes; and frequently—Berachoth 32ᵃ (play on ויחל, Exodus 32, 11) ח׳ הוא לך וכ׳ it is too foreign to thy nature to do such a thing; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 83, see חָלִילָה.—Ḥullin (= שְׁחִיטַת ח׳), name of a treatise of the Mishnah, Tosefta and Talmud Babli, of the Order of Kodashim, containing the laws concerning ordinary meat. ↗ original
חוּלָּא Targum Leviticus 10, 10; and frequently—plural חוּלִּין, (חוֹל׳) חוּלֵּי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 22, 30 ח׳ בדכותא (= חולין שנעשו על טהרת הקדש, see the preceding). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 6, 21.—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 18, 25 ח׳ הוא לך, see the preceding↗ original
חוֹלָא 2 (compare חֵיל) a fortified place, castle. Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 743 שלא קנה חוֹלָאוֹ וכ׳ who does not own his castle (named after him; Sifré Deuteronomy section 37 חוֹלָאוֹת).—plural חוֹלָאוֹת. the same place (ibid.) (Sifré the passage cited variant reading חֲוִילָאוֹת, see edition Friedman note; the same place (ibid.) חויילאות, correct accordingly). ↗ original
חוּלְדָּא Chaldaic (Aramaic) = next word Targum Onkelos Leviticus 11, 29 (Hebrew text חֹלֶד; Yerushalmi (prefix) כרכשתא). ↗ original
חוּלְדָּה 1 (חָלַד; compare Biblical Hebrew חֹלֶד) mole. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 1, 80ᶜ, see אָשׁוּת.—Kelim 15, 6. weasel. Pesachim 1, 2. the same place (ibid.) 118ᵇ. Taanith 8ᵃ מח׳ ובור from the story about weasel and well (see commentary or commentaries). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, 14ᶜ top; and frequently—חוּלְדַּת הַסְּנָאִים (סְנָאִין, סְנָיִי׳) the porcupine, see חַרְזָא. Kilayim 8, 5. Tosefta Bava Kamma 8, 17.—plural חוּלְדּוֹת. Vayikra Rabbah section 6, beginning—Bava Kamma 80ᵃ ח׳ הסנאין Manuscript Hamburg (edition סנאים). ↗ original
חוּלְדָּה 2 (see the preceding; compare חַלֹּון) a back-gate. חוּלְדַּת המוליםthe mule-drivers’ gate, entrance for loads. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 1, 38ᶜ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, end, 75ᶜ.—Middoth 1, 3 שני שערי ח׳ two Temple-Mount gates formed like a ḥuldah; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 9 שער ח׳. ↗ original
חוּלְדָּה 3Huldah, the prophetess. Megillah 14ᵇ (transl. כַּרְכּוּשְׁתָּא). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 9, 57ᵈ bottom of the page קברי בני ח׳ the graves of the sons of H.; Treatise Smachoth, Treatise Chaldaic (Aramaic) 14 קבר ח׳; and elsewhere ↗ original
חוֹלֶהsick; a patient. Berachoth 10ᵃ לך ובקר את הח׳ go and visit the sick (King). the same place (ibid.) 54ᵇ מי שהיה ח׳ וכ׳ he who has been sick and recovered. the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page ח׳ חתן וכ׳ a sick person, a bridegroom etc.; and very frequently—plural חוֹלִים, חוֹלִין. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 5 ח׳ מן השעבוד suffering from oppression. Gittin 28ᵃ, and frequently רוב ח׳ לחיים the majority of the sick recover again. the same place (ibid.) 61ᵃ מבקרין חוֹלֵי נכרים וכ׳ you are bound to visit the sick of the gentile community alike with etc.; and frequently—ביקור ח׳, see בִּיקּוּר.—Fem.חוֹלָה. Sotah 36ᵇ ח׳ היא that she was sick.—Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 48, 14 (play on לחילה, the same place (ibid.)) לאותה הח׳ שהיא עתידה להיות ח׳ (pay attention) to that sick (nation), for she is destined to be sick (suffering). Shir HaShirim Rabbah the passage cited; and frequently ↗ original
חוֹלָה 1 (see the preceding) evil, bad. Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 12 וכי יש רעה ח׳ וכ׳ is there a bad evil and a good evil? ↗ original
חוֹלָה 2 (חוּל; = Biblical Hebrew מָחוֹל) chorus of singers and dancers. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 2, 73ᵇ (referring to חילה, Psalms 48, 14) עתיד … להיעשות ראש ח׳ וכ׳ the Lord will be chosen the leader of the chorus (choragus) etc.; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 3; 7, 1 [read:] לֵיעָשׂוֹת וכ׳; Vayikra Rabbah section 11, end להיות ראש ח׳; (Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 294 מחול; Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 11 מחולה); the same place (ibid.) לחילה לחו׳ כתיב read l’ḥolah. Shir HaShirim Rabbah the passage cited כח׳ שנעשה וכ׳ like the chorus which was arranged for us etc. ↗ original
חוּלְיָא 1 [loose part, something movable,] limb, link; vertebra of the spinal column. Bechoroth 6, 5 בין ח׳ לח׳ (Talmud edition 39ᵇ מח׳ לח׳) between two vertebrae.—Chullin 52ᵃ if a rib is displaced וח׳ עמה and a vertebra with it. the same place (ibid.) 42ᵇ; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 1, 51ᵈ ח׳ של עמוד a segment of a column. Menachoth 38ᵇ ח׳ a joint of the plaited show-threads.—plural חוּלְיוֹת, חֲלָיוֹת. Kelim 11, 8 a chain שח׳ שלה וכ׳ the links of which are of metal stringed on etc. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ של אבנים וכ׳ links consisting of jewels, pearls etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 79, see דְּיָקִינְתִּין. Oholoth 1, 8 שמונה עשרה ח׳ eighteen vertebrae.—Betzah 22ᵃ מנורה של חליות a candlestick which can be taken apart. Shabbath 46ᵃ, see חִדְקָא. Kelim 5, 8; 10 חתכו ח׳ if he cut the burned clay of an oven into tiles; and frequently—Esp. a segment of earth cut out in digging a pit and piled up on its borders; (collect.) the entrenchment around a well (increasing its capacity). Berachoth 3ᵇ; 59ᵃ (proverb) אין הבור מתמלא מחוּלְיָתוֹ a pit cannot be filled up with its own earth, i.e. a community cannot live on its own resources. Shabbath 11, 2 (99ᵃ) חוּלְיַת הבור (חוּלְיַית, Mishnah חוּלְיוֹת, plural) the entrenchment of a well. Eruvin 78ᵃ; Shabbath 99ᵃ בור וחוּלְיָתָהּ (וחוּלְיָי׳) וכ׳ the depth of the well and its entrenchment are counted together to make up ten hand-breadths. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ בור תשעה … ח׳ if the pit was nine hand-breadths deep, and he took out of the bottom one segment (which had been cut before this). the same place (ibid.) ונתן לתוכה ח׳ and threw a segment in. Bava Kamma 51ᵃ עקרו שניהם ח׳ וכ׳ both of them took the last segment out together, so as to complete the legal depth etc. Yoma 84ᵇ עוקר ח׳ break loose one segment of the entrenchment; and frequently ↗ original
חוּלְיָא 2 (see חָלֵי) something sweet, sweetness. Targum Judges 14, 14. the same place (ibid.) 9, 11.—Megillah 7ᵇ אנא שדרי ליה ח׳ I sent him something sweet. Pesachim 115ᵇ אגב חוּלְיָיהּ Rashb. (edition חלייה דתבלין, read: חוליא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 60) on account of the sweetness in it etc. ↗ original
חוֹלָסִית (denominative of חוֹל I) sand-field, ground from which sand for glass-making is dug. [Cmp. Gr. ὕαλος, ὕελος.] Bava Bathra 67ᵃ (Munich manuscript חִילְ׳, variant reading חִלְ׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note); Arachin 32ᵃ; Megillah 6ᵇ (missing in censured editions) ח׳ ומצולה (Munich manuscript חרסית, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)), see מְצוּלָה.—Sifré Deuteronomy 39 variant reading בית הח׳ glass-sand soil, see חוֹל I.—Pl. חוּלְסָאוֹת.—בית הח׳ glass-shop on sandy soil. Bava Bathra the passage cited (Manuscript Florence החוֹלְסוֹת, Manuscript Hamburg ובתי החילסאות, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 60). ↗ original
חוֹלֵף (חָלַף) slaughtering knife. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 7, 3 ושל ח׳ and the handle of etc. the same place (ibid.) בן ח׳ (not בין, see Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 29, 8) a small slaughtering knife. ↗ original
חוּלַּק , portion, share. Targum Deuteronomy 14, 27. Targum Genesis 48, 22; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 7, 8ᵇ top נסבה ח׳ וכ׳ she is entitled to a share with her sisters. Bava Bathra 142ᵇ אית ח׳ לטליא או וכ׳ is the young man (to whom a share equal to that of the eventual future issue from a second wife was promised as a donation) entitled to that share besides the inheritance with the other children, or not?—plural חוּלָּקִין, חוּלָּקַיָּא. Targum Genesis 47, 24 (Yerushalmi (prefix) חוּלְקִין). Targum Ezekiel 48, 21 (edition Lagarde edition חֻלְקַיָּא); and elsewhere 5. חֶלְקָא. ↗ original
חוּלְשָׁא (חלש) faintness, weariness. Targum Isaiah 40, 23.—Bava Metzia 80ᵇ. Yoma 56ᵇ משום ח׳ דכה"ג וכ׳ on account of the faintness of the Highpriest (under the excitement of the services of the Day of Atonement) he may not take notice of it. Shabbath 87ᵃ ח׳ דאורחא weariness from travelling. Berachoth 40ᵃ ח׳ דלבא indigestion. ↗ original
חוֹלַת (חוֹל 1) sand-plain, sterile shore-land. Arachin 3, 2 (14ᵃ) חולת המחוז the sand-plain of the Maḥoz (district of Samaria), opposite to pleasure gardens of Sebaste; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 8 חולית של מחוזא. the same place (ibid.) חולית של יבנה, opposite to pleasure gardens of Jericho. [Comment. take our word frequently חוֹל 3: the surroundings of a town, promenade.] ח׳ אנטוכיא proper noun of a place the Harbor [Suburb] of Antiochia. Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 3, 48ᵃ bottom of the page; Devarim Rabbah section 4 חוּלְתָּא של א׳ (edition Vilna edition חִילְתָּה); Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 956; Vayikra Rabbah section 5 חולות א׳. ↗ original
חוּלְתָּא (the preceding) proper noun of a place ח׳ של אנטוכיא, see the preceding ימא דח׳ Sea or Lake of Ḥulta, probably the navigable portion of the Orontes up to Antiochia. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, end, 32ᶜ; Bava Bathra 74ᵇ ימה של חולתא Munich manuscript (edition חילת׳; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 697 עכו). ↗ original
חוּלְתָאḤultha (the Week-Day-Servant). Targum Esther 2, 9 (attendant on the first day of the week, see גְּנוּנִיתָא). ↗ original
חוּם (see חמם) to be warm. participle חָיֵים, חָאֵים. Chullin 8ᵇ לכי חָיְימָא when it (the knife) gets warm; see below. Af'el הִפְעִיל אָחַיםto warm; to affect (hearers). Moed Katan 12ᵇ מיא דא׳ וכ׳ water which a gentile cook had warmed.—Shabbath 153ᵃ א׳ באספידא דהתם וכ׳ edition (manuscript א׳ מר … דאנא, Oxford manuscript א׳ לי) arouse the feelings of the people when delivering my funeral address, for I (my soul) shall be present. the same place (ibid.) הא דמַחֲמוּ ליה וחאים Munich manuscript (Rashi manuscript וחָיֵים; edition ואחים, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) in the one case (that of the righteous man) they speak warmly of him, and one becomes warm etc.—the same place (ibid.) מאן א׳ הספ׳ (Munich manuscript חאים, correct accordingly) who will arouse mourning for thee? ↗ original
חוֹםsummer, heat. Bava Metzia 106ᵇ; Bereshith Rabbah section 34. Bereshith Rabbah section 48 בארבע … אין ח׳ אלא וכ׳ four hours after sunrise there is heat only where the sun shines; and elsewhere ↗ original
חוּמָּא masculine same. Targum Genesis 8, 22; and elsewhere, see חוּמְּתָא.—Bereshith Rabbah section 87 (in Hebr. dict.) בכל חוּמָּאוֹ in his full heat (of youth). ↗ original
חוֹמָא 2Ḥoma, wife of Abbayi. Kethuboth 65ᵃ; Yevamoth 64ᵇ חוֹמָה. ↗ original
חוֹמָה חָמָה to surround, protect, see Ges. H. Dictionary under the word חמה) wall, especially fortification Yevamoth 62ᵇ (referring to Jeremiah 31, 21) בלא ח׳ lives without (moral) protection. Megillah 5ᵇ שימה חוֹמָתָהּ whose lake is her fortification. the same place (ibid.) 1, 1 מוקפין ח׳ fortified all around; and frequently—plural חוֹמוֹת. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 7 חוֹמוֹתֶיהָ של וכ׳ the walls of; and elsewhere ↗ original
חוּמְטָא 2 (see the preceding; probably from its gray-blackish color) a lizard (chamæleon). Targum Onkelos Leviticus 11, 30 (Hebrew text חֹמֶט). ↗ original
חוּמְטוֹן (חמט, compare חמץ, to be salty, bitter, see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Talmud Dictionary 2, p. 205ᵇ) ḥumton, a sandy soil containing salty substances and used for the preservation of wheat. Shabbath 31ᵃ קב ח׳ (Munich manuscript חוּמְטִין) a Kab of h powder.—ארץ ח׳ proper noun Land of Ḥ., a district of northern Palestine. the same place (ibid.) 54ᵃ א׳ ח׳ וכ׳ the district presented to Hiram was the Land of H. ↗ original
חוּמְטַרְיָא (a popular corruption of εὐπατώριον, ἡπατόριον, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word; see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 80; 83, 995) Eupatorium, a drink made of liver-wort. Shabbath 109ᵇ, see אַבּוּב.—5. הֵמְטַלְיָא. ↗ original
חוֹמֶס (a corruption of ἡμισάβανον) a half-size sabanum, linen cloth. Gittin 59ᵃ (sent to Rabbi) סובני וח׳ סובני וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition סיבני וח׳ only) a full-size sabanum and a half-size, which were compressed to the respective sizes of a nut and half a nut. ↗ original
חוֹמֶץvinegar. Pesachim 3, 1 ח׳ האדומי Edomite (Roman) vinegar (wine fermented with barley). the same place (ibid.) 42ᵇ (when the wine of Judæa could only be soured by an admixture of barley) היו קורין אותו ח׳ סתם וכ׳ they called it plain vinegar, and now … they call it Edomite (Roman, Cæsarean) vinegar (to distinguish it from pure vine vinegar). Demai 1, 1 הח׳ שביהודה the vinegar made in Judæa, see above. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, 14ᶜ bottom of the page חוֹמְצָן של פירות fruit-vinegar; and frequently—Bava Metzia 83ᵇ ח׳ בן יין vinegar son of wine (bad son of a good father). ↗ original
חוּמְצָןdishes prepared with vinegar(חוֹמֶץ), salads (for cooling). Ruth Rabbah to 2, 14 מיני ח׳; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 603 חִימּוּצִין; Vayikra Rabbah section 34 חֲמֵצִים. ↗ original
חוֹמֶר 1 (חָמַר 2) [weight, load,] ritual restriction; great importance. Chagigah 3, 1, and the following ח׳ בקודש מבתרומה there are restrictions in the law regarding Temple sanctuaries which do not apply to T’rumah. the same place (ibid.) 4 ח׳ בתרומה (supply (understood word) מבקודש); and frequently—plural חוֹמָרִים, חוֹמָרִין. Tosefta Kilayim 5, 4 מטילין אותו לשני ח׳ we subject it to both restrictions (by classifying it with domestic animals and with beasts of the field). Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 9, end, 25ᵈ (ח׳) לח׳ double restrictions are imposed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 11, 30ᵃ bottom of the page; and frequently—חוֹמְרֵי בית הלל restrictions adopted by the Hillelites. Chullin 44ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) אי כב"ש בקוליהן וכחוֹמְרֵיהֶן וכ׳ either you follow the Shammaites in their easier and their stricter practices, or etc. the same place (ibid.) 18ᵇ ח׳ המקום וכ׳ the restrictive usages of the place etc.; and frequently—קַל וָחוֹמֶר Kal Vaḥomer, a conclusion a minori ad majus. Sifra introduction (referring to Numbers 12, 14, and the following, a. Genesis 44, 8). Pesachim 66ᵃ קו"ח הוא מה תמיד וכ׳ we conclude (that the Passover sacrifice must be offered on a Sabbath day) by the syllogism etc.: if the daily sacrifice etc., see דִּין; and frequently—Bereshith Rabbah section 23 קו"ח של חושך an absurd syllogism.—plural קַלִּים וַחֲמורִים (frequently חָמוּר). Bereshith Rabbah section 92, end אחד מעשרה ק׳ וח׳ וכ׳ one of the ten conclusions a minori in the Bible; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 132. ↗ original
חוֹמֶר 2 (חָמַר 1; see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1310 under the word חומרא) [whatever joins or is joined,] bead, little ball (bulla) hung around the neck; jewel, clasp, seal; in a transferred sense כמין ח׳ like a jewel, i.e. a precious ethical principle (compare Proverbs 1, 9, a. מַרְגְּלִיתָא), a symbol. Kiddushin 22ᵇ היה דורש כמין ח׳ … interpreted this in a symbolical way (giving the practical Biblical law about perforating the slave’s ear an ethical signification); Mechilta Mishp, N’zik., section 2 כמו חומר (variant reading אומר, correct accordingly). Sotah 15ᵃ אדרשנה כמין ח׳ I shall interpret it symbolically.—plural חֲמוּרוֹת (frequently חמור, compare חֲמוּרְתָּא). Chullin 134ᵇ דורשי ח׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הוֹמְרוֹת) symbolizing interpreters. ↗ original
חוּמְרָא 1 masculine = חוֹמֶר I. Sanhedrin 49ᵇ ח׳ בעלמא a mere restrictive measure (which does not allow a conclusion as to the rank of the successive functions of the High-priest), the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page ומאי ח׳ wherein consists the greater import (the greater gravity of the crime)? Pesachim 11ᵃ משום ח׳ דשבת וכ׳ on account of the great import of the Sabbath (the grave penalty for its desecration) people are careful etc.—Chullin 9ᵇ ספק סכנתא לח׳ where there is a doubt about a prohibition based on danger to health the stricter practice is preferred; the same place (ibid.) ספק איסורא נמי לח׳ the same is the case with a doubt about a ritual prohibition. Betzah 3ᵇ; and frequently—[Targum 2 Esther 3, 3, see חֵימָרָא.] ↗ original
חוּמְרָא 2 (see חוֹמֶר 2) joint, knot, bead, amulet. Kiddushin 73ᵇ תלי ח׳ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition רמי חוּמְרֵי) if the child is found with an amulet (beads, by which the mother intimated the hope of future identification) … it is not considered a foundling (see אֲסוּפִי).—plural חוּמְרֵי. the same place (ibid.) 9ᵃ top ח׳ פתכייתא glass-beads. Shabbath 147ᵇ bottom of the page ח׳ שדרא the vertebrae (see חוּלְיָא I). Gittin 69ᵃ top עקרבא דשב ח׳ a scorpion with seven joints (Rashi: seven shades of color, stripes); see חוּמַרְתָּא. ↗ original
חוּמְרָא 3 (see the preceding) accumulated sum, result of calculation. Avodah Zarah 9ᵃ ומשכח ליה לחוּמְרֵיה (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) אחמריה, אהמריה) and he will find the sum he wants. ↗ original
חוֹמְרָא (חמר) weight for holding the tent, socket. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 38, 27 (Hebrew text אדן).—plural חוֹמְרִין, חוֹמְרַיָּיּא, construct state חוֹמְרֵי. the same place (ibid.); and frequently ↗ original
חוּמַרְתָּא (see the preceding words) a ball (bulla), bead, charm. Shabbath 57ᵇ (explained טוטפת) ח׳ דקטיפתא a charm containing balsam. the same place (ibid.) 62ᵃ (explained כוכלת); Gittin 69ᵇ ח׳ דפילון a charm containing phyllon. Moed Katan 12ᵇ; Eruvin 69ᵃ ח׳ דמדושא (Oxford manuscript מר׳) a bulla containing a jewel for sealing (different interpretation or differently interpreted opinion see Rashi to Eruvin the passage cited). bud, (ball). Gittin 69ᵃ bottom of the page ח׳ דכשותא the bud of cuscuta. weight-stone, lever. Bava Bathra 67ᵇ (explained גלגל) ח׳ the weight used for hoisting the beams of the press. Zevachim 21ᵇ בחוּמַרְתֵּיה with its wheel work. smoothing weight in the laundry. Kethuboth 10ᵇ top of the page stone or sand in the bladder. Gittin 69ᵇ bottom of the page ח׳ דנפקא מיניה the stony substance which he passes. ↗ original
חוֹמֶשׁone fifth, especially one fifth of the value to be added as fine on restoring misappropriated property or redeeming dedicated property (Leviticus 5, 16; 24; 27, 27). Bava Kamma 9, 6. Bava Metzia 54ᵃ חוֹמְשׁוֹ של קרן the fifth part of the principal (assessed value), i.e. one plus one fifth, see next word; and frequently Ḥomesh, one of the five books of Moses, also one of the five books of Psalms. Sotah 36ᵇ ח׳ הפיקודים the Book of Numbers; ח׳ שני the Book of Exodus; and frequently—plural חוֹמָשִׁים, חוֹמָשִׁין. Bava Metzia 6, 8 חמשה ח׳ הן there are five things to which the law ordaining the addition of one fifth applies.—Chagigah 14ᵃ חמשה חוֹמְשֵׁי תורה the five books of the Law. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 3, 74ᵃ top ח׳ single parts of the Pentateuch. Kiddushin 33ᵃ שני ח׳ two books of the Psalms. ↗ original
חוּמְשָׁא Targum Leviticus 5, 24. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 47, 26; and elsewhere—Bava Metzia 53ᵇ ח׳ מלגיו the one fifth is included in the amount, i.e. the addition is one fifth of the principal (see preceding word); ח׳ מלבר the one fifth is excluded, i.e. the addition must form one fifth of the principal plus the addition (25 percent), see בַּר I Chaldaic (Aramaic)—the same place (ibid.) 54ᵇ ח׳ דח׳ a fine of one fifth for misappropriating the addition of one fifth; and frequently—plural חוּמְשֵׁי. Bava Kamma 108ᵃ ↗ original
חוּמְּתָא = חוּמָּא, heat. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 12, 39 (edition Amsterdam edition חוּמְתָּא). Targum Song of Songs 1, 7 (edition Amsterdam edition חוּמָתָא, plural).—[Targum Proverbs 29, 11, see חֵימְתָא.] ↗ original
חוֹמְתָא Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew חוֹמָה; construct state חוֹמַת. Echah Rabbah to 2, 2. ↗ original
חוּמְתִי (חמם; corresp. to Gr. πύρεθρον) name of a plant, pellitory (Parietaria). Gittin 69ᵃ bottom of the page ח׳ כי ממרו וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) incorr. ח׳ ומ׳) pellitory leaves are in such a case as good as Mamru, but the root of p. etc. ↗ original
חוֹנִי (abbreviated or abbreviation of נְתוּנְיָא) Ḥoni, Onias, Ḥ. surnamed M’aggel (circle-drawer). Taanith 3, 8; Berachoth 19ᵃ his grandson. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᵈ bottom of the page; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 126.—Tosefta Rosh Hashanah IV (2), 11 ח׳ הקטן. ↗ original
חוּנְיָא (the preceding) Ḥonia, name of several Amoraim. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, 14ᶜ bottom of the page R. H. Jacob of Ephrataim. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 1, 46ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᵇ bottom of the page; and elsewhere see חַוְורָן.—5. נְחוּנְיָא. ↗ original
חוֹנְיוּ (the preceding) Onias, the founder of the Onias Temple, בֵּית ח׳, in Egypt. Menachoth 13, 10. the same place (ibid.) 109ᵇ; and elsewhere—5. נְחוּנְיוֹן. ↗ original
חוּס (Biblical Hebrew) [to bend over, have affection for (see Jonah 4, 10),] to protect, spare, have consideration for (with על). Nega'im 12, 5 אם כך חָסָה התורה וכ׳ if the Law has such consideration for man’s property of small value etc. Sotah 14ᵃ אם ככה ח׳ וכ׳ if the Law made such considerate provision for those transgressing etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 4, end, 29ᵇ חָסוּ על כבודן וכ׳ cared more for their honour than etc.; and very frequently—[ to be connected, related.—Denom. חַיִיס.] ↗ original
חוּס ² Targum Exodus 12, 27 (Hebrew text פסח). Targum 2 Chronicles 36, 15 חָאִיס edition Lagarde edition (other edition חָס); and frequently—Taanith 24ᵃ גברא … חָס עלי דידי היכי חָיֵיס will a man that has no consideration for his son …, care for my concerns? Pesachim 39ᵃ מאי חסא דחס וכ׳ what typical meaning has ḥasa (חָסָא)? The Lord spared us (in Egypt, see Targum Exodus the passage cited); and elsewhere Pa'el פִּעֵל חַיֵּיסto commiserate, grace, favor (Hebrew חָנַן). Targum Psalms 37, 21; and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אָחִיס, אֲחִיסto have affection for. Targum Malachi 3, 17 (edition Lagarde edition חייס; Hebrew text חמל).—[Targum Isaiah 30, 14 ניחיס some edition, read בחֲיָס.] ↗ original
חוּסָּכָא (חֲסַךְ) rubbing off, reduction by wear and tear. Bava Metzia 70ᵃ; compare חֲסוֹךְ 2. ↗ original
חוֹסֶן (חסן 1; compare Biblical Hebrew חָסוֹן) strength. Shemoth Rabbah section 30 (referring to Daniel 4, 27) הח׳ שלי the strength is Mine. tow, oakum. Shabbath 2, 1, explained the same place (ibid.) 20ᵇ ‘flax pounded but not carded’; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, beginning 4ᶜ ↗ original
חוּסְנָא (see the preceding) fort, castle. Targum Psalms 31, 3 (Hebrew text צוּר). strength, dominion. Targum Song of Songs 5, 16. store-house, see חִסְנָא. ↗ original
חוּף Gittin 68ᵃ bottom of the page חַף ביה he scratched himself against it. Sanhedrin 95ᵃ הוה קא חָיֵיף רישיה he cleansed his head. the same place (ibid.) 107ᵃ (חָיְיפָה) חָיְיפָא she etc. Niddah 66ᵇ למֵיחַף (frequently חפף) to wash her hair. ↗ original
חוֹפָא (חפף 1) rim, felloe.— plural חוֹפִין, construct state חוֹפֵי. Targum I Kings 7, 33 (Hebrew text חשק׳). ↗ original
חוֹפָאָה (חפא) cover, roofing. Targum Exodus 26, 14; and frequently—Targum Ezekiel 27, 6 בית ח׳ a house (theatre) with awnings. coating, plate. Targum Onkelos Numbers 17, 3, and the following (edition Berlin edition חוּפָ׳), see חַפְיָא. ↗ original
חוּפָּהcovering, canopy, especially bridal chamber; also (= כניסה לח׳) the entrance of the bride into the bridal chamber; wedding. Kiddushin 5ᵃ, and frequently ח׳ קונה the introduction into the bridal chamber constitutes possession (legitimate marriage). the same place (ibid.) 3ᵃ למעוטי ח׳ to exclude, as a form of marriage, the delivery by her father to take her into the bridal chamber. Bereshith Rabbah section 94 לא ראה בחוּפָּתִי was not present at my wedding. Sanhedrin 108ᵃ עשה ח׳ לבנו arranged a bridal room for his son. Avoth 5, 21 בן י"ח לח׳ at eighteen years one is fit for marriage. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 2, 53ᵃ top; Babylonian Sukkah 25ᵇ בני ח׳ wedding party; and frequently—plural חוּפּוֹת. Echah Rabbah to 3, 19 כך וכך ח׳ וכ׳ so many state rooms will I arrange etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, end, 24ᶜ; Tosefta Sotah 15, 9 אלו הן ח׳ חתנים these are the bridal canopies (which were interdicted after the destruction of the Temple); (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 49ᵇ חוּפַּת singular). Vayikra Rabbah section 25, beginning; and frequently seat of the Divine Majesty, sanctuary.—plural as ab. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 72ᵈ top כל ח׳ שהיו וכ׳ all sanctuaries (Shiloh, Gilgal etc.) which existed etc. ↗ original
חוּפְיָא (חוּף 1) rubbing. Berachoth 6ᵃ מח׳ דידהו from their (the demons’) rubbing against their clothing. broom. Sukkah 32ᵃ דעביד כי ח׳ it has the shape of a broom. Bava Kamma 96ᵃ if one stole palm-leaves ועבדינהו ח׳ and made a broom of them. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הָפְיָא, variant reading הוּפְיָא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim to Sukkah the passage cited note 2.] ↗ original
חוּץ 1 (compare אוּץ), perf. a. participle חָץ [to squeeze in; to be wedged in,] to be tight, immovable. Makhshirin 3, 8 בשביל שיָחוּצוּ that they may become tight (by swelling). Mikvaoth 10, 3 בזמן שהיא חוֹצָה (compare participle fem. חוֹלָה, frequently חוּל) if it is tight (immovable). to tighten, tie closely. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 3, 79ᵃ top (חָצִין) חָצִים אותה they tie it watertight. חוּץ or הָצַץto wedge in, form a partition; to intervene, especially (at bathing) to prevent the water from touching the body. Eruvin 3, 1 (27ᵃ) יכול לָחוּץ (לָחוֹץ) ולאכול Munich manuscript (Babylonian edition לח׳ ולילך וכ׳, Mishnah לילך לח׳ ולאכ׳, Yerushalmi (prefix) edition לח׳ ולוכל, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) he may form a partition (between himself and the uncleanness, by sitting in a vehicle etc.) and eat. Zevachim 19ᵃ מהו שיָחוּץ (שתָּהוּץ) does it form a partition between the body and the water (so as to make the immersion ineffective)?—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, beginning 7ᵈ שהן חָצִין וכ׳ for they form an interposition at bathing after menstruation. 5. חָצַץ. ↗ original
חוּץsame. participle חָיֵיץ, feminine חָיְיצָא same. Zevachim 19ᵃ, see the preceding the same place (ibid.) חָיְיצֵי (Rashi: חָיְיצָן) (see חַיִיץ) to form a partition, to build a wall by piling up material without cementing; (of persons) to form a lane. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 3, end, 34ᵈ חָיֵיץ ליה, see חַיִיץ.—Kethuboth 17ᵃ; Megillah 29ᵃ דחָיְיצֵי וכ׳, see אִבּוּלָא. ↗ original
חוּץ 2the preceding) that which is divided off, outside, street. Kelim 28, 9 חלוק של יוצאת הח׳ the shirt of the runabout (prostitute; see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Coa Vestis a. Diaphane Heimata; Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 5, 14 יוצאות החוט going out of the line of custom). Zevachim 57ᵇ; Yoma 57ᵃ ח׳ ופנים Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim a. l note 2, a. Tosafoth to Zevachim the passage cited) what is done outside the Temple and what inside. Chullin 6, 2 השוחט … בח׳ he who slaughters unconsecrated animals within the Temple court, or consecrated animals without. the same place (ibid.) 85ᵃ שחוטי ח׳ consecrated animals slaughtered outside the Temple court. the same place (ibid.) 68ᵃ וצתה ח׳ למחיצתו was carried outside of its legal limits; and frequently—בַּח׳, מִבַּח׳outside, from outside, לַח׳out (through the window etc.). Shabbath 1, 1. Avodah Zarah 11ᵃ; and very frequently (followed by מ־) except, without. Chullin 1, 1 ח׳ מחרש וכ׳ except a deaf and dumb etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 49 ח׳ מדעתו without consulting him; and very frequently ↗ original
חוּצָה (Biblical Hebrew) = חוּץ 2; (followed by ל־) outside of, out of. Avodah Zarah 1, 4 ח׳ לה outside the town limits.—ח׳ לארץ outside of Palestine, foreign territory. Chullin 5, 1 בח׳ לא׳ abroad; and very frequently an outskirt, not included in the Sabbath community (ערוב). Eruvin 5, 6. ↗ original
חוּצָה 2 (the preceding) = חִיצוֹנָה, outsider, stranger (not related). Yevamoth 13ᵇ (interpret. Deuteronomy 25, 5) אשת המת הח׳ the deceased’s wife who is a stranger (to the brother); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 3ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) דאינון דרשין הח׳ החיצונה (the Samaritans) who interpret haḥutsah like haḥitsonaha strange, unnatural act. Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 303, see חִיצָה I. ↗ original
חוֹצֶלֶת (חצל, see חצץ; compare מַחֲצֶלֶת, בּיּרְיָא 2) matting used for partitions, coverings etc.—Plחוֹצְלוֹת. Eduy. 3, 4; Sukkah 20ᵃ כל הח׳ וכ׳ all kinds of mattings are liable to uncleanness by contact with corpses; see מַרְזוּבְלֵי. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 4, 14 החוֹצְלִים edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading חולצות; edition חוצלות). ↗ original
חוּצְנָא (denominative of חוץ) outworks, outposts. Targum Jeremiah 51, 12 (Hebrew text אֹרְבִים). ↗ original
חוֹצַף (חצף) barefacedness, boldness, impudence. Targum Jeremiah 3, 3. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 16, 2; and elsewhere—Sotah 49ᵇ (9, 15) in the Messianic period ח׳ יסגא impudence will prevail (Sanhedrin 97ᵃ העזות תרבה). Sanhedrin 105ᵃ ח׳ אפי׳ וכ׳ boldness will carry its point even against heaven. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ מלכותא וכ׳ insolence is a royal power without a crown. Bava Bathra 155ᵇ, and elsewhere ↗ original
חוּצְפִּיתḤutspith, surnamed the Interpreter, a Tannai, one of the martyrs of the Hadrianic persecution. Shevi'ith 10, 6; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 10. Chullin 142ᵃ. Berachoth 27ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 7ᵈ top (some edition חצפית). ↗ original
חוּק ² —participleחָאִיק. Targum Job 24, 16 edition Lagarde edition (variant reading הָאֵיק, edition Vilna edition הָאֵק, other edition דאיק, correct accordingly; Hebrew text חתר). Pa'el פִּעֵל חַיֵּיקto dig out. Shabbath 109ᵇ ולִיחַיְּיקֵיה לגויה Rashi a. Oxford manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 200) let him dig out its interior. Sanhedrin 56ᵃ (referring to נקב, Leviticus 24, 16) ואימא דח׳ שם וכ׳ may it not mean that he cut out the Divine Name in the edge of the knife?, see נָקַב. ↗ original
חוֹק , see the preceding) [circle, drawing, engraving,] law, rule, custom; assigned share, mark. Eruvin 54ᵃ אניח לבני ח׳ I will leave to my sons a due share (a fixed living). Shabbath 137ᵇ ח׳ בשארו שם He ordered a mark to be put on his (Abraham’s) flesh. Sanhedrin 111ᵃ שמשייר אפי׳ ח׳ אחד (some edition חֹק) who leaves even one law unobserved. the same place (ibid.) למי שלא עשה אפי׳ ח׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition different interpretation or differently interpreted, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) who observed not even one law; and frequently—plural חוּקִּים, חֻקִּים. Kiddushin 39ᵃ (referring to Leviticus 19, 19) ח׳ שחקקתי נכ׳ the lines which I have drawn long ago (by creating separate species); Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵇ top (it is forbidden) משום ח׳ … בעולמי as coming under the interpretation of (Leviticus the passage cited) “the lines which I have drawn etc.” Tamid 31ᵇ חוּקֵּי העמים customs of gentiles. Sifra Aḥăré Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12, Parah 9 ח׳ החקוקים וכ׳ (idolatrous) usages practiced by them and their fathers &c, see next word; and frequently ↗ original
חוּקָּה (Biblical Hebrew) same, especially firmly established distinctive usage, religious observance. Avodah Zarah 11ᵃ שריפה לאו ח׳ היא the burning of costly materials at funerals is not a specific (gentile) religious custom. Bamidbar Rabbah section 19, beginning חקה חקקתי I have ordained a ceremony (without giving a reason). the same place (ibid.) four (laws) דכתיב בהן ח׳ in reference to which the word ḥukkah (rule without reason) is used. the same place (ibid.) לך אני מגלה … אבל לאחר ח׳ unto thee I reveal the reason …, but to anybody else it is a rule; and frequently—plural חוּקּוֹת, חֻקּוֹת. Tanchuma Bechukkothai 4 מצותי וחֻקּוֹתַי; and frequently ↗ original
חָוַרto perforate; to be transparent, white, clear. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִוֵּור, חִי׳to make clear, evident. Mechilta Mishpatim, N’zikin, section 13 (referring to Deuteronomy 22, 17) מְחַוְּורִין … כשמלה they must make the fact as clear as a (white) sheet. Bereshith Rabbah section 98 (referring to כבס, the same place (ibid.) 49, 11) שהוא מְחַוֵּור וכ׳ he will make clear to them the words of the Law; שהוא מח׳ להם טעיותיהם he will prove to them their errors; and elsewhere—participle pass. מְחוּוָּרclear, proved, evident. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 3, end, 47ᶜ מ׳ שבכולן the clearest of all the quoted Biblical evidences. Bereshith Rabbah section 47, end; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᵈ top מ׳ שבכולן the least doubtful of all. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 5, beginning 55ᵃ משם שאינו מח׳ because the use of the flute is not clearly stated in the Law. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 2, 41ᶜ bottom of the page זה אחד … שהן מְחוּוָּרִין וכ׳ this is one of the three interpretations (of the Rabbis) which are clearly indicated in the Bible text. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 3, 21ᵃ bottom of the page הגיעוך סוף … שאינן מח׳ thou must finally admit that the law of Sabbath limits finds no proof in the Biblical words. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ bottom of the page הגיעוך סוף מלאכות תפלה שאינן מח׳ מד"ת edition Lehm. (other edition correct accordingly) thou must admit that for labors permitted or forbidden during prayer no support is to be found in etc.; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַוֵּורto be made clear. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 4, 28ᶜ top (referring to Deuteronomy 22, 17) עד שיִתְחַוְּורוּ וכ׳ the facts must be as clear etc., see above. ↗ original
חֲוַרto be white, to shine. Targum Joel 1, 7. Targum Onkelos Genesis 49, 12 יְחִוְּרַן edition Berlin edition (edition Lsb. יַחְוְרָן, other edition יְחַוְּ׳). Targum Isaiah 1, 18 (some edition Pa'el); and elsewhere—Kethuboth 61ᵇ top דחֲוַור אפיה that he looked pale. Bava Kamma 69ᵃ כי היכי דנִיחֲוַור טפי that it may appear still more white (glistening from a distance). Nazir 39ᵃ, and the following חַוְורִין עיקבי נימהון the lower ends of dyed hair are white (which proves that the growth comes from beneath); and frequently (of eyes) to be bright, to look with gratification. Targum Proverbs 23, 33. the same place (ibid.) 17, 24 חָיְירָן manuscript (edition חדיין, see חדי). [the same place (ibid.) 4, 25, emend. by Luzzatto Oheb Ger p. 108, see, however, אוֹר I Chaldaic (Aramaic)]—Kiddushin 39ᵃ לא חַוְורִיתוּ you do not see clearly (the law is not clear to you). Pa'el פִּעֵל חַוֵּורto whiten, wash, cleanse. Targum 2 Samuel 19, 25; and frequently—Bava Metzia 60ᵇ חַוְּורֵיה וכ׳, see דְּקַן. Chullin 95ᵇ top מְחַוֵּור, see חֲלַל 2. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵇ bottom of the page מרוח, read מְחַוֵּר or מִחְוַר to wash.]—participle pass. מְחַוַּור, feminine מְחַוְּוָראblanched. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 4, 6. to make evident, to prove. Bereshith Rabbah section 27 דמְחַוֵּור וכ׳ which will prove it better; Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 968.—מְחַוַּורְתָּא it is proven, obvious. Chullin 117ᵃ. Pesachim 55ᵇ; and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְוַורto make white. Bava Kamma 85ᵇ ואַחְוְורֵיה לבשריה and it (the corrodent) made his skin look white (like a leper’s; variant reading see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)). Bava Metzia 58ᵇ באַחְוְורֵי אפי (they guard against) whitening faces (putting persons to shame); Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 349. ↗ original
חוּר 1 (compare the preceding words) to bore. Shabbath 103ᵃ חָר חורתא he bored a hole. ↗ original
חוֹר 1the preceding words) hole, cavity. Pesachim 8ᵃ ח׳ שבין אדם לחבירו a cave between two residences of neighbors.—Shabbath 52ᵇ מחט שניטל חוּרָהּ (Munich manuscript חוּדְדָהּ, Oxford manuscript חֲרָרָהּ, some edition חוּדָּהּ) a needle whose eye is broken off; the same place (ibid.) 123ᵃ חֲרָרָהּ (Munich manuscript חוּדָּהּ); Kelim 13, 5 חֲרִירָהּ; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 3, 9 חודה.—plural חוֹרִין. Pesachim the passage cited the same place (ibid.) חוֹרֵי בית וכ׳ the upper and the lower holes in the wall; and frequently ant’s store, see חוֹרָר. [Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shor p. 74ᵇ חורין דדהב, see חַזּוּר.] [Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 5, end, 52ᵃ חור אחד, see זוּר 2.] ↗ original
חוֹר 2 (Biblical Hebrew), plural חוֹרִין [white garments,] freedom;בֶּן ח׳, בַּת ח׳free, freed, opposite to slave. Gittin 4, 4 ועושה … בן ח׳ and he must declare him free. the same place (ibid.) 5 חציו עבד וחציו בן ח׳ half a slave and half a freedman; and frequently—plural בְּנֵי ח׳. Bava Kamma 1, 3 עדים ב׳ ח׳ וכ׳ witnesses who are freemen and of the Jewish faith. Esther Rabbah to 1, 6 (explained חוּר the same place (ibid.)) בגדים שב׳ ח׳ וכ׳ garments which freemen wear; and frequently—(נכסים) בני ח׳free (not mortgaged) property, opposite משועבדים. Bava Kamma 8ᵇ; and frequently [Bibl. Hebr. חוֹרִים, חֹרִיםnoblemen↗ original
חוּר 3 (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Hur, the husband of Miriam. Mechilta Beshallach, Amalek 1. Pesikta Rabbati section 12. Shemoth Rabbah section 48 (grandfather of Bezaleel); and frequently ↗ original
חוֹרָא 1 , hole. Targum 2 Kings 12, 10 (edition Vilna edition חוּ׳); and frequently—Arachin 30ᵃ, and elsewhere (proverb) לאו עכברא גנב אלא ח׳ גנב not the mouse is the thief but the hole (which hides the theft, i.e. fine the purchaser of the slave but not the seller). the same place (ibid.) אי לאו … ח׳ מנא ליה but for the mouse (which steals), whence would the hole have something to hide?—plural חוֹרָאֵי. Targum I Samuel 14, 11.—Megillah 12ᵃ (explained חור Esther 1, 6) manuscript חוֹרֵי חוֹרֵי F. (edition חֹרֵי חֹרֵי) webs full of holes, net-work↗ original
חוֹרָא 2 , plural חוֹרִין, חוֹרֵי, חֹרֵי; בַּר ח׳free man. Targum Exodus 21, 2; 5. Targum Deuteronomy 15, 13; and frequently—Bereshith Rabbah section 92 בר חֹרַיָּא thou freedman.—Bava Metzia 13ᵃ, and the following בני ח׳ unencumbered property; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 10, beginning 7ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original
חוּרְבָּא 1 (see the preceding) heat, dryness. Targum Psalms 90, 6. desolation, waste. Targum Ezekiel 29, 10 חוֹרֶב (construct state). injurious confusion of ideas. Arachin 12ᵃ (edition חורבה). 5. next word↗ original
חוּרְבָּא 2 , construct state חָרְבַּת = next word Targum Ezekiel 29, 9; and frequently—Kethuboth 13ᵇ (חורבה) ח׳ דדברא a ruined building standing in the field. Sotah 48ᵃ, see זִמְרָא I; and elsewhere—plural חוֹרְבָתָא, חָרְבָתָא; construct state חָרְבַת. Targum Malachi 1, 4. Targum Isaiah 61, 4; and frequently—Sanhedrin 71ᵃ ח׳ סגירתא (Tosefta Nega'im 6, 1 חוֹרְבָתָה סגירתה) a place named Leprous Debris (deposit of debris of leprous houses). ↗ original
חוֹרְבָּהruin, ruins, deserted building. Berachoth 3ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 6, 25ᶜ top אויר חוֹרְבָּתוֹ (if one sells) the space filled with debris belonging to him. the same place (ibid.) תלוש מן הח׳ וכ׳ break some stones from this ruin by which thou mayest take possession of the space; and frequently [Arachin 12ᵃ, see חוּרְבָּא I.]—plural חוֹרָבוֹת, חֳרָבוֹת. Berachoth the passage cited חורבה אחת מחוֹרְבוֹת וכ׳ one of the ruins of Jerusalem. ↗ original
חוֹרְבָּן (see the preceding) destruction, desolate condition. Chagigah 5ᵇ חָרְבַּן בה"מ the destruction of the Temple. Moed Katan 26ᵃ בחוֹרְבָּנָן in their ruined state. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 4 end, 29ᶜ בחוֹרְבָּנוֹ in its (the vineyard’s) waste state, opposite מַטָּעָה. Avodah Zarah 9ᵇ לח׳ הבית from the destruction of the Second Temple. Yoma 39ᵇ; and frequently—plural חוֹרְבָּנוֹת, חָרְ׳. Bereshith Rabbah section 56; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 102 שהיתה … בשני ח׳ for she (Palmyra) took a part in both destructions of the Temple; Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 בשתי ח׳ (fem.). ↗ original
חוּרְבָּנָא Targum Isaiah 34, 11. Targum Lamentations 1, 2 חוּרְבַּן (construct state).—Sanhedrin 96ᵇ. Bava Bathra 14ᵇ סופיה ח׳ the end of the book speaks of destruction. the same place (ibid.) סמכינן ח׳ לח׳ in arranging the order of the Biblical books, we join the record of destruction (at the end of one book) to that of destruction (at the beginning of the other). ↗ original
חוֹרֵג (חרג) [filling a gap, see חֲרִיקָא,] step-son. Sanhedrin 3, 4 (27ᵇ) (חֹרְגוֹ) חוֹרְגוֹ לבדו his step-son alone (not his relations). Yevamoth 21ᵃ; and elsewhere—plural חוֹרְגִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 3ᵈ bottom of the page שני ח׳ וכ׳ two step-children (of different parents) brought up in the same house. ↗ original
חוֹרְגָה (the preceding) step-daughter. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 2, 3ᵈ bottom of the page חוֹרְגָתוֹ one’s step-daughter; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 21ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original
חוּרְגְּתָא Sotah 43ᵇ ח׳ הגדילה וכ׳ a man’s wife’s daughter brought up among step-brothers. ↗ original
חֲוַרְוָור (חָוַר, see Sm., see Sm. 1231) white spots on the cornea (λεύκωμα). Bechoroth 6, 3 (38ᵇ; Mishnah edition חורוד, see Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word); see וָרִיר. Cmp. חִיוַּרְוָרַיָּא. ↗ original
חוֹרוֹןBeth-Horon, a border town between Benjamin and Ephraim. Niddah 61ᵃ. Sanhedrin 32ᵇ מעלות בית ח׳ the ascent to Beth-H. (narrow); Eruvin 22ᵇ מעלות בית ח׳ edition Soncino (edition מָרוֹן; edition Sal. בית מ׳ a. בית ח׳, see Rosh Hashanah 18ᵃ, a. D. S. ad loc. (on the passage) note 4). [Rosh Hashanah 2, 4, see חַוְורָן.] ↗ original
חוֹרֵי construct state = אֲחוֹרֵי (see אֲחוֹרָא) behind, after. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵃ bottom of the page פרי ח׳ חמרא וכ׳ running after (driving) an ass on a Sabbath (being forced to public labor). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 18ᶜ bottom of the page [read:] קם ליה מן חוֹרוֹי מצלי (Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 2, 58ᵇ top מן אחורויי) stood up from behind him to pray. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 7, end, 22ᵃ לח׳ פרוכתא, see גּוּל Chaldaic (Aramaic)—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ bottom of the page תרין … לחוֹרוֹיי two thirds of the load on his back; and frequently ↗ original
חוֹרִי 1 = אֲחוֹרִי, another, second. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵃ אתא חד סיעא ח׳ a second caravan came.—plural חוֹרְיֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 14ᵃ bottom of the page אית לך ח׳ there are other cases for you to quote.—Fem.חוֹרִי, חוֹרַיְתָא, חוֹרַיְי׳ (noun) something else. Vayikra Rabbah section 33 אמר ח׳ gave another explanation. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᶜ bottom of the page ח׳ היא it is another sore (not the one seen before). the same place (ibid.) 2, 81ᵇ top בשתא ח׳ (edition Krot. חוריתאי) in the year following. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 5, beginning 55ᵃ בשובתא ח׳ the next Sabbath; and elsewhere ↗ original
חוֹרָן = אוֹחֲרָן, another, next; last. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 19, 6. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 9, 6. Targum Job 20, 18; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 6, 33ᵃ bottom of the page דח׳ מקדש וכ׳ that another man will sanctify etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 2, 17ᵃ bottom of the page וחרנה אמר and the other (scholar) says; Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 2, 41ᶜ top וחרינה; and frequently—plural חוֹרָנִין, חוֹרוֹנִין. Targum I Chronicles 23, 17; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵇ top לח׳ to other people (not himself).—Fem.חוֹרָנַיְתָא, חוֹרָנַיְי׳, חוֹרַנְתָּא (… תָּה). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 21, 10 (edition Amsterdam edition אוֹחְרַנְתָּא). Targum 2 Chronicles 3, 12; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 5ᵃ and the following ח׳ למה why the other sacrifice?—plural חוֹרַנְיָין, חוֹרַנְיָיתָא. Targum I Chronicles 23, 27.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 10, end, 12ᵈ; and frequently ↗ original
חוֹרֶף [severe season,] Midwinter. Bava Metzia 106ᵇ, and elsewhere (referring to Genesis 8, 22) חצי כסלו … ח׳ half of Kislev, Tebeth and half of Sh’bat form the midwinter. Yoma 10ᵃ בית ח׳ וכ׳ they are called Winterhouse or Summerhouse, but not house without qualification. Koheleth Rabbah to 6, 3; Esther Rabbah to 1, 2 ימות הח׳ winter-season. ↗ original
חוּרְפָּא (חרף) sharpness, edge; pungent taste. Sanhedrin 56ᵃ ח׳ דסכינא the sharp edge of the knife. Avodah Zarah 39ᵃ חוּרְפָּהּ דחלתיתא (not פיה …) the pungency of assa foetida; and frequently—Transferred acumen, ingenuity. Bava Metzia 96ᵇ לפום ח׳ וכ׳ as great as a man’s ingenuity, is the mistake he makes; Niddah 33ᵇ. Eruvin 90ᵃ אגב חוּרְפֵּיה לא וכ׳ relying on his ingenuity he did not study it carefully; Bava Bathra 116ᵇ.—plural חוּרְפֵּי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 19, 16 תרין חוּרְפּוֹי its double edge. ↗ original
חוּרְפָא (see Ges. H. Dictionary10 under the word חרף I; compare, however, Rosh Hashanah 8ᵃ under the word אֲפֵילָא) a young lamb (used as a standard value in exchange). Targum Job 42, 11 (Hebrew text קשיטה, manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) variant reading מעא, מרגליתא; see Bereshith Rabbah section 79, end).—plural חוּרְפָן. Targum Onkelos Genesis 33, 19 (Yerushalmi (prefix) מרגליין). the same place (ibid.) 21, 28; and frequently ↗ original
חוּרְפִיתָאḤurphitha (the quick maid), name of one of Esther’s servants (for Friday). Targum Esther 2, 9; see גְּנוּנִיתָא. ↗ original
חוֹרָר (חרר 4) pile, especially ant’s store.—plural construct state חוֹרְרֵי, contracted חוֹרֵי; only in ח׳ הנמלים. Peah 4, 11 edition חורי (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition חוררי, Mishnah Nap. חֲרָרֵי); Maasroth 5, 7 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition חוררי; Munich manuscript חררי); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 52ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᶜ חוררי. ↗ original
חוֹרֶשׁ [difficult of accession,] thicket, wild-growing bushes. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᶜ ונעשה ח׳ גדול and it grew to a large thicket of reeds; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 6. Vayikra Rabbah section 29 ניתש מח׳ זה וכ׳ tears himself loose from one thicket and is caught in another; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵈ top; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod., p. 154ᵇ חדש (correct accordingly), see נָטַשׁ; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 645.—plural חוֹרָשִׁים, חוֹרָשִׁין, חֳרָשִׁים. Bava Kamma 81ᵃ top שהיו מרעין בח׳ that people shall have the privilege of pasture on untilled lands. the same place (ibid.) 79ᵇ, opposite יישוב. the same place (ibid.) 80ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ top, see בָּהָה; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵇ bottom of the page בחד׳ (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חוּרְשָׁאsame. Targum Psalms 80, 14; and frequently—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1 ח׳ של קנים, see חֲרִישָׁה 3. the same place (ibid.) to 3, 4 (referring to Psalms 80, 14 יער with suspended ע) אם זכיתם … מן ח׳ if you will do good, your invaders shall be (like animals) from the water (יְאֹר), if not, they shall be (like animals) from the forest; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 830.—2*) (Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1386 angina) narrow place in the throat, windpipe. Shevuoth 6ᵇ בחוּרְשֵׁיה קא אכיל ליה that man eats into his windpipe (asks a dangerous question; Rashi: eats in his forest, i.e. knows not what is going on in the world; R. Hai G. in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): he scratches his eye-sore).—plural חוּרְשַׁיָּא, חוּרְשֵׁי. Targum Jeremiah 4, 29.—Bereshith Rabbah section 24, beginning (referring to Isaiah 29, 17, compare Targum ad loc. (on the passage)) ח׳ דבני אינש thickets of people (crowded population). ↗ original
חוּרְתָּא = חוֹרָא I, cave. Nedarim 50ᵇ על לח׳ (edition לחֻרְתָּא) the monkey went into a cave. [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 21, 27, see חוּדִיתָא.] ↗ original
חוּשׁ 1 (חָשַׁשׁ, compare גּוּשׁ) thick substance.—plural חוּשִּׁים. Bava Bathra 143ᵇ (play on חושים, Genesis 46, 23) מרובים כח׳ של קנה numerous as the leaves [or the knots] of reeds.—5. חִישָׁה. ↗ original
חוּשׁ 2 see the preceding) [to feel, press,] to feel pain, be affected. Eruvin 54ᵃ חָשׁ בראשו if one has a head-ache; ח׳ בגרונו one whose throat is affected; and frequently to apprehend, consider. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 5, 18ᵈ bottom of the page וחש לומר וכ׳ but then he reconsidered saying etc.—Shemoth Rabbah section 3 אל תָּחוּשׁ do not mind it. to be anxious, quick, to hurry. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 8, 9ᶜ top (play on חׄושׄים … בׄעׄרׄא, I Chronicles 8, 8) חׄשׄ כנמר ובׄיאׄרׄ וכ׳ he was quick like a panther and made clear etc. to think, be silent, see חָשָׁה.—5. חָשַׁשׁ. ↗ original
חוּשׁ pret. חָשׁ, participle חָשׁ, חָיֵישׁ, same, to feel, suffer, be troubled. Targum Psalms 73, 21. Targum Proverbs 26, 10; and elsewhere—Shabbath 140ᵃ חש ביוקרא דלבא suffered with heaviness of the heart.—the same place (ibid.) וחֲשָׁאִי בנפשאי וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition וחֲשִׁי, manuscript P. וחשי בי, frequently חֲשָׁא, חֲשִׁי) and I felt the cooling effect from the hair etc. to apprehend, care for. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 12, 3; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵇ bottom of the page הואיל וחש לה … מֵיחוּשׁ since R. Z. cared to do it, we must do likewise. Pesachim 84ᵃ; Yoma 46ᵃ, and elsewhere לא (חייש) חש לקימחיה cares not what flour he grinds (what argument he offers). Kethuboth 21ᵃ וחש … לב"ד טועין and S. took into consideration that a court might have a mistaken opinion (and was more explicit in his document than the law required); Yevamoth 106ᵃ דחַיְישִׁינָן וכ׳ for we must take into consideration etc.; Bava Bathra 164ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) (ונֵיחוּש) ולֵיחוּשׁ וכ׳ but should we not apprehend that perhaps etc.; and frequently to be anxious, hasten to, flee. Targum Song of Songs 2, 9. Targum Psalms 141, 1 חִישׁ לי hasten to my help. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 1, 44, see חֲדַר. Af'el הִפְעִיל אָחֵישׁto provide for with anxiety. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 32, 11 מְחִישׁ (Yerushalmi (prefix) מֵחִישׁ). [Targum Psalms 55, 9 אוֹחִישׁ manuscript (edition אַרְחֵישׁ).] ↗ original
חוּשְׁבָּנָא = Hebrew חֶשְׁבּוֹן, calculation, number, measurement. Targum Exodus 30, 12. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 9, 10 (manuscript חֶשְׁבּוֹנָא); and elsewhere—Yoma 17ᵇ ח׳ בעלמא הוא it is merely an account of measurements (without observing a particular order). Chullin 95ᵇ השתא ח׳ בעלמא ידע now I see only that he understands astronomical calculations. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ top חוּשְׁבָּנֵיה דהדין וכ׳ the numerical value of the letters of the one (צׄמׄחׄ) is the same as of those of the other (מׄנׄחׄםׄ). Vayikra Rabbah section 30 מן הכא נחיל ח׳ from now let us commence a new account; Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 7; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Ul’kaḥ. p. 103ᵃ. Shabbath 32ᵃ, see חוּטְרָא 2. Echah Rabbah to 1, 5 ח׳ דאצבע (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חוּשְׁבָּנַיָּא דאצבעי) calculation with fingers (Roman notation?); and frequently—plural חוּשְׁבָּנַיָּא, construct state חוּשְׁבָּנֵי. Targum Song of Songs 7, 5.—Echah Rabbah the passage cited, see above. ↗ original
חוּשְׁלָא (חשל; see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1404) pounded grain. Targum Ezekiel 27, 17 quoted in Rashi (edition ריחוש). peeled barley. Yoma 79ᵃ without the husk ח׳ קרי לה Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition אוּשְׁלָא) it is called ḥushla (not שעורה). Sanhedrin 27ᵃ bottom of the page Chullin 51ᵃ.—plural חוּשְׁלֵי. Bava Kamma 30ᵇ bottom of the page אפקר ח׳ edition (Munich manuscript אוּשְׁלֵי, Manuscript Hamburg חֲשִׁילֵי) declared as free property peeled barley (which one had spread on public ground for drying). Moed Katan 16ᵇ קא מניפה חוּשְׁלָאֵי (omitted in manuscript, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) was winnowing peeled barley. ↗ original
חוֹשֶׁןbreast-plate. Zevachim 88ᵇ ח׳ מכפר וכ׳ the Highpriest’s breast-plate brings atonement for wrong judgments. Shabbath 139ᵃ זכה לח׳ המשפט וכ׳ was privileged to wear the breast-plate of judgment upon his heart. Yoma 72ᵃ המזיח ח׳ מעל וכ׳ he who loosens the breast-plate from the Ephod; and frequently ↗ original
חוֹשֶׁן ² Targum Exodus 28, 4; and frequently ↗ original
חוּת (compare חתת) to shrink from, to loathe.—participleחָת, feminine חָתָה, חוֹתָה (compare חָלָה a. חוֹלָה frequently חוּל). Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 45ᶜ top (referring to שקץ) כל דבר שנפשו … חָתָה ממנו anything loathsome. Pesikta Rabbati section 11 ונפשו של אדם חתה מהם וכ׳ and one shrinks from eating them. Esther Rabbah to 1, 7 והלא נפשו של אדם ח׳ וכ׳ does not man rather loathe to drink out of golden cups? [Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᶜ bottom of the page לחות, read לחתות, see חָתָה I.] Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיֵּית, חִיֵּתto create aversion. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 48ᵈ, see בָּחַל. ↗ original
חוֹתָל common gender (חתל Biblical Hebrew to tie around, swaddle) wrapper of reed-matting in which dates are packed, bale. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 6, 4 ח׳ של וכ׳ a mat for dates which is intended to be thrown away when the dates are eaten. Kelim 16, 5 ח׳ שהוא וכ׳ a bale which you can add to or take from (without cutting it open) etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, end, 4ᵇ ח׳ שהוא מלא וכ׳ a bale filled with fruit stones. ʿUktsin 2, 2, see חוֹתָם.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 8, 32ᵇ top מלא חותלה אסי וכ׳, read ר׳ אסי וכ׳, חותל …]—plural חוֹתָלוֹת. Shabbath 146ᵃ ↗ original
חוֹתָםseal, stamp, die; enclosure locked up with a mark. Shabbath 8, 5 כח׳ המרצופין as much sealing clay as required for a seal on bags. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ האיגרות seal on letters. Sanhedrin 4, 5 אדם טובע … בח׳ אחד a human being prints many coins from one die etc., but the Lord טבע … בחוֹתָמוֹ של וכ׳ stamped every human being with the die of Adam, and yet not one is like the other; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 22ᵇ bottom of the page מח׳ וכ׳. Shabbath 58ᵃ העבד בח׳ שבצוארו the slave with the mark hanging down from his neck, בח׳ שבכסותו with the mark tied to his garment; and frequently—Transferred sexual innocence; purity. Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 766, see below.—plural חוֹתָמוֹת, חוֹתָמִים. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin the passage cited—Betzah 31ᵇ ח׳ שבקרקע וכ׳ knots which serve as marks on doors of subterranean stores, may be untied etc.; and elsewhere—Tan. d’be El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 20, בחוֹתָמֵיהֶן in their innocence. [lock,] the oblate side of a berry to which the stalk is attached. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ top of the page Tohoroth 10, 5 גרגר … ח׳ a single berry, if its oblate part with the stalk is intact; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 11, 10. the same place (ibid.) מקום ח׳ the place where the stalk (now torn out) was seated (and where now juice is oozing out). the membraneous enclosure separating the stone of a date from its flesh, pericarp (as far as not eatable). Tosefta Chullin 1, 23 הח׳ טמא ביבשה quoted by Rabbenu Shimshon to ʿUktsin 2, 2 (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) הח׳ omitted; other edition הזיתים in place of the preceding העמים) the pericarp is counted in with the unclean matter in dry dates; ʿUktsin the passage cited ח׳ של יבשה Rabbenu Shimshon (edition a. Maimonides חותל). concluding formula of prayers.—plural as ab. Taanith 2, 3 חוֹתָמֵיהֶן. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᵈ bottom of the page חוֹתְמוֹתֵיהֶן, see חִיתּוּם. ↗ original
חוֹתָמָא Targum Job 41, 7. the same place (ibid.) 38, 14 (manuscript חוֹתָמִין, plural). ↗ original
חֵזוּ = next word Targum Onkelos Genesis 24, 16 (edition Berlin edition למיחזי).—the same place (ibid.) Numbers 12, 8; and elsewhere—plural, see חָזוּתָא↗ original
חֶזְוָא (חזי) looks, appearance; vision. Targum Genesis 29, 17. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I the same place (ibid.) 16, 13 (edition Amsterdam edition חֶזְיָא).—Targum Isaiah 53, 2 (חֲזוּ) חֵיזוּ חולא the appearance of an ordinary being; and frequently—Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 2 ח׳ הוא דין this is a vision (not a mere dream); Yalkut Shimoni Esther 1057 [read:] דין בחילמא חזאי או ח׳ הוא (for חיזוזא some edition, read חֵיזְוָוא) did I see this in a dream, or was it a vision?—plural חֶזְוִין, חֵיזְוִין, חֵיזְוַיָּא. Trag. O. Numbers 12, 6 (some edition חִיזְוָן, frequently חֵיזוּ). Targum Esther 6, 1; and elsewhere—2) look-out, crossroad.—plural construct state חֶזְוֵי, (חֵיזוֹי) חֵיזְוֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 13, 18; 14, 13; Deuteronomy 11, 30, see next article↗ original
חֶזְוָנָא (the preceding words) vision, astounding spectacle; wonder. Targum Onkelos Exodus 3, 3; and elsewhere—plural חֶזְוָנִין. Targum Deuteronomy 26, 8 (edition Berlin edition singular). the same place (ibid.) 34, 12 (edition Berlin edition singular; Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 חֵזְוָותָא, plural of חֵזוּ). [Targum I Chronicles 29, 29, see the preceding] ↗ original
חַזּוּר (see the preceding; compare הָדָר) apple; apple-tree; apple-shaped ball, bell etc. Targum Joel 1, 12 (edition Lagarde edition plural). Targum Exodus 25, 33 (Hebrew text כפתר); and frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 12 trees are called by their names (of the fruits) חזורא מתקרי חיזור there is the apple, it (the tree) is also called apple(-tree).—plural חִזּוּרִין, חִזּוּרֵי, חִי׳. Targum Proverbs 25, 11; and elsewhere—Vayikra Rabbah section 27. Bereshith Rabbah section 93 (retransl. from Aquila Proverbs the passage cited); Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 961; and elsewhere—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 39, 25 חִיזוֹרְיַין. ↗ original
חָזוּת (חָזָה) polish, lustre, beauty. Yoma 70ᵃ כדי להראות חָזוּתוֹ וכ׳ to show the people the beauty of it (his copy of the Law); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4 (3), 18 חֲזִיָּיתָן.—Bava Metzia 21ᵇ חזותו מוכיח עליו (masc.) the looks of the olive proves the owner; [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) variant reading זֵיתוֹ]. ↗ original
חָזוּתָאvision. Targum Job 20, 8.—plural חֶזְוָותָא, חֵיזְ׳, see חֶזְוָנָא. watch-tower.—plural as ab. Targum Isaiah 23, 13. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 35, 11 (see חַיּוּתָא). appearance, color. Bava Kamma 101ᵃ ח׳ מילתא היא appearance (improved by dying) is a substantial improvement. Chullin 47ᵇ בח׳ resembling wood in appearance, see גִּשְׁתָּא I. Shabbath 77ᵃ התם משום ח׳ there it treats about color.—plural as ab. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 28, 27 דמסמיין ח׳ which dull the eye-sight (Hebrew text עפלים).—Chullin 46ᵇ ח׳ ח׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חֶזְוָתָא) several spots of abnormal colors. ↗ original
חֲזָזִית (חזז to make incisions) lichen, a cutaneous disease connected with desquamation and sometimes ulceration. Bechoroth 6, 12 בעל ח׳ an animal afflicted with lichen. the same place (ibid.) 41ᵃ (explained ילפת, Leviticus 22, 22) ח׳ המצרית Egyptian lichen; ח׳ דעלמא ordinary lichen.—Sukkah 3, 6 (34ᵇ) עלתה ח׳ if an Ethrog is covered with lichen (scabs). Ruth Rabbah to 3, 8 (referring to וילפת the same place (ibid.), a. יַלֶּפֶת) לפפתו (לפתתו) כח׳ she twisted herself around him like lichen.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 8, 45ᵇ top רוח ח׳, see תְּזָזִית.] ↗ original
חֲזָזִיתָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Leviticus 21, 20 ח׳ מצריתא (Hebrew text ילפת), see the preceding—Gittin 70ᵃ top (some edition חָזִיתָא). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, 14ᵈ top לחֲזָזִיתָה (putting spittle on) a scab; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᵈ top לחזויתיה (correct accordingly).—plural חֲזָזִין (חֲזָזָא masculine). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Leviticus the passage cited ↗ original
חֲזָזָן (the preceding) one afflicted with lichen. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 21, 20; 22, 22. ↗ original
חזי (Biblical Hebrew) [to divide,] to discern, see (compare בּוּן). Bava Bathra 91ᵃ חֲזִיתֶם נעמי וכ׳ have you seen what has become of Naomi etc.? Pi'el פִּעֵל חִזָּהto distribute kindled chips between logs of wood. Shabbath 1, 11 (19ᵇ) ומְחַזִּין manuscripts (edition Venice מחיזין; Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Krot. ומחזיזן, read ומַחֲזִיזִין, Hif'il of חזז, or מְחַזְּזִין), see אָחַז.—5. חָזִית. ↗ original
חֲזִי , to see, recognize, to decide. Targum Onkelos Genesis 29, 10; and frequently—Berachoth 45ᵃ; Eruvin 14ᵇ, and elsewhere פוק חֲזִי וכ׳, see דְּבַר. the same place (ibid.) 13ᵇ דחֲזִיתֵיה לר"מ וכ׳ (not דחזיתא) because I have seen R. M. etc. Chullin 59ᵇ בעינא דאֶיחְזֵי וכ׳ I want to see your God Eruvin 63ᵃ ח׳ לנפשיה may examine the knife for his own use; and frequently—participle pass. חָזֵי, חֲזֵי, feminine חַזְיָא (compare רָאוּי) pointed out, fit for, prepared; (it is) proper. Targum Job 15, 11. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 5, 10; and elsewhere—Kethuboth 21ᵃ כְּדַחֲ׳, כִּדְחָ׳ as it is proper. Bava Bathra 19ᵇ ח׳ לבהמתו fit for his cattle as feed; and frequently—Shabbath 90ᵃ, and frequently למאי חזיא what is it good for (what use can be made of it)?—plural חָזוּ, חֲזוּ. the same place (ibid.) top ח׳ למתק וכ׳ they may be used for seasoning etc. Betzah 26ᵇ; and frequently—חזי לי it was pointed out to me, I saw. Gittin 57ᵃ. Taanith 25ᵇ; and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֲזֵיto show, let see, reveal; to lay before a teacher for examination or decision. Targum Onkelos Genesis 41, 28; and frequently—Chullin 59ᵇ בעינא דמַחֲזִית וכ׳ I want thee to show it to me. Betzah the passage cited אַחֲזַיֵיה לחכם וכ׳ as soon as he showed it to an expert (and the latter decided favorably) etc.; and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל חַזֵּיsame. Targum 2 Esther 2, 8.—Bava Metzia 67ᵃ ואודיק חַזִּיתָן איילונית and when he looked at me (and noticed that I was going to object by referring to אוֹנָאָה), he pointed out to us the case of אַיְילוֹנִית (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 50; Manuscript Rome חַזְּתָן). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיתְחֲזֵי, אִיחֲזֵי, , אִחְזֵיto be seen, to appear. Targum Judges 13, 10; and frequently—Berachoth 17ᵇ מִיחֲזֵי כיוהרא it looks like assumption; and frequently to look at each other. Targum Onkelos Genesis 42, 1. to become fit, adapted for use. Betzah 26ᵇ אי דאִחֲזוּ בה"ש א׳ if on the entrance of the Sabbath they became fit for use, they have become so (for the entire Sabbath). the same place (ibid.) אחזו והדר … אחזו they had been fit (on the entrance of the Sabbath), and were unfitted (through rain), and became fit again; and frequently to be shown, to be laid before the scholar for decision. the same place (ibid.) אתח׳ לחכם וכ׳ it had been shown to (and decided upon by) the expert on the eve etc.; and frequently ↗ original
חֶזְיָא 2 (the preceding) mirror. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 38, 8 (edition Amsterdam edition חֶזְיַית construct state). ↗ original
חֵזְיוּ feminine same. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 12, 6 (Hebrew text מַרְאָה); compare אִסְפַּקְלַרְיָא. [the same place (ibid.) 8 חיזיו, some edition, read with edition Amsterdam edition: חֵיזוּ, Hebrew text מַרְאֶה.] ↗ original
חִזָּיוֹן 1the preceding words) vision.—plural חֶזְיוֹנוֹת (fem.). Sanhedrin 39ᵇ (play on והזנות, I Kings 22, 38) כדי למרק שתי ח׳ Munich manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) in order to polish (make clear) two visions. the same place (ibid.) (play on לתמו, the same place (ibid.) 34) כדי לתמם שתי ח׳ to fulfill two visions. Bereshith Rabbah section 13; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 20 (referring to חָזִיז, which see) שעושה ח׳ ברקיע וכ׳ He creates (awe-inspiring) sights in the sky and causes holy inspiration to rest etc. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word אד: חֲזִיזִיּוֹת, frequently חֲזיזִית, breaks, splits.] ↗ original
חִזָּיוֹן 2 or חֶזְיוֹנָה (see חֲזָזִית) lichen, moss. Bava Metzia 105ᵇ ramification (סוכה) is considered weak, שנחבאת בחֶזְיוֹנָהּ (or בחזיונָה) when it is hidden under (fully covered with) moss. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition בחיזונה, edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) בחזיונה; commentary or commentaries: the grip of the hand, frequently אחז; marg. emend.: באֲחַזְיוֹנָה, see Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage)]—Eruvin 28ᵃ אבל לא בחזין ולא בחזניות Munich manuscript (Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note quotes חזיונות) but neither with lichens nor with lichen dishes (Lecanora esculenta). plural חֶזְיוֹנוֹתlichen, scab; in a transferred sense irregular lumps of clouds. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᶜ bottom of the page a cloud is called ḥaziz (see next word) שהוא עושה … ח׳ ח׳ וכ׳ for He makes the sky full of irregular lumps (cumuli), as we read (Zechariah 10, 1), the Lord makes ḥăzizim↗ original
חָזִיז see חֲזָזִית) cloud with uneven surface (like scabs or swollen lumps), cumulus (which brings rain). Bereshith Rabbah section 13 (allegorical explanation), see חִזָּיוֹן I. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᶜ bottom of the page, see the preceding—Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 9ᵇ.—plural חֲזִיזִים. the same place (ibid.) מאי ח׳ what are ḥazizim (Zechariah 10, 1)? Answ. פורחות eruptions (defined: ‘a thin under a thick cloud’). [Readings vary between חזיז a. חִזִּין, plural of חֵז] lichen, used as food (Lecantora esculenta). Eruvin 28ᵃ, see חִזָּיוֹן 2.—Bava Kamma 119ᵇ כשות וח׳ וכ׳ the law of robbery does not apply to cuscuta and lichen. Kethuboth 60ᵇ [Readings vary as ab.] young blades of grain used for pasture. Taanith 5ᵃ אוכל ח׳ מן התלמים Munich manuscript (some edition הזיז) eats the young green from the furrows. Bava Kamma 58ᵇ bottom of the page [Tosefta Oholoth 13, 11 שני חזיזין, read: הזיזין, see זִיז 2.] ↗ original
חֲזִיז 1 (or חַזְיַן feminine plural) same, young green. Targum Psalms 126, 6 edition Lagarde edition חזיז (Leviticus חזין, not found in other editions). ↗ original
חֲזִיז 2K’far Ḥaziz. Kilayim 6, 4 Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition עֲזִיז). ↗ original
חֲזִיזָא 1 , cloud. Targum Song of Songs 2, 9.—plural חֲזִיזֵי. Targum Job 28, 26. ↗ original
חֲזִיזָא 2 (see חָזִיז) shaggy. Bechoroth 44ᵃ גדיא ח׳ a shaggy goat (called צִימֵּחַ, with long hair lumps and long-dependent ears, Capra Syriaca, see Encyclop. Brit. under the word Goat). ↗ original
חַזְיָנָא (חזי, compare חָזִיז, חֲזִיזָא etc.) prickly bur, chestnut. Kelim 14, 2 a cane with a metal knob כמין ח׳ (edition Dehr. חזינה) of the shape of a chestnut bur (as a weapon). ↗ original
חֲזִיר (Biblical Hebrew) swine. Chullin 9, 2 ח׳ של ישוב domesticated swine; ח׳ הבר wild boar. Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 מה איסור … לְהַחֲ׳ וכ׳ is the swine more strictly forbidden than other unclean animals?—Vayikra Rabbah section 13 ואת הח׳ זו פרס (read רומי or אדום). the same place (ibid.) מה ח׳ וכ׳ as the swine … stretches out its cloven feet (sign of cleanness), … so does the Roman government etc., see בִּימָה. Bereshith Rabbah section 65, beginning; and frequently—plural חֲזִירִים, חֲזִירִין. Kiddushin 49ᵇ תשעה נטלו ח׳ nine (measures of plagues) did swines receive. Bava Kamma 7, 7; and elsewhere—Fem. חֲזִירָה, חֲזִירְתָּהsow. Esther Rabbah to 3, 1. the same place (ibid.) to 1, 15 לח׳ כדת וכ׳ the swine (Vashti) to be treated according to law, but the holy people etc.!, see אַכְזְרִיּוּת. ↗ original
חֲזִיר ² Targum Psalms 80, 14. Targum Leviticus 11, 7 (some edition חֲזֵי׳).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᶜ bottom of the page אהן ח׳ וכ׳ the swine is a moving privy. Shabbath 155ᵇ לית … מן ח׳ none is poorer than the dog, none richer than the swine (finding its food everywhere); and elsewhere—plural חֲזִירִין, חֲזִירֵי. Bereshith Rabbah section 63; Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, end, 46ᶜ, see דִּיקְלִטְיָאנוֹס. Taanith 21ᵇ איכא מותנא בח׳ there is an epidemic among the swine; and elsewhere—Fem. חֲזִירְתָּא, Echah Rabbah to 1, 16, end כהדא ח׳ וכ׳ like the (nursing) sow, the more their young fatten etc. ↗ original
חֲזִירָה 2 (חָזַר) return, going back, opposite הֲלִיכָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 6, beginning 10ᵈ שכר הליכה וח׳ indemnification for loss of time in going to the field and returning. Vayikra Rabbah section 5 בחֲזִירַת רבותינו לשם when the teachers came again to that place, see הֲדוּרָה.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, 43ᶜ bottom of the page דרך ח׳ on the way homeward. Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 9 … מעט בריצה בח׳ slacken thy speed, that thou mayest not have too far to return (regret and punishment will reach you); and frequently reconsideration, reversion of judgment. Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 1, beginning 45ᵈ bottom of the page וכן בח׳ the same rule applies when the court reverses etc. going round. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 16ᶜ bottom of the page כדי חֲזִירַת דקל (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 4ᵃ חֲזָרַת) the time required for going round a palm-tree. restoration, see חֲזָרָה. ↗ original
חָזִית (חזז; compare גָּזִית frequently גזז) cutting; rough, unfinished side. Tamid 2, 4 חֲזִיתָהּ מזרחה the uneven side of the pile (where the thinner and pointed ends of the logs leave gaps and make the front uneven) was eastward. Parah 3, 8. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, end, 75ᶜ bottom of the page נותן בח׳ he puts (the M’zuzah) on the rough door (which is more used by the inmates); היו שניהן ח׳ if both are of rough work.—Esp. the rough side of a fence or wall, indicating that the neighbor had no right to it, border-mark. Bava Bathra 1, 2 (2) כונס … ועושה ח׳ מבחוץ he moves back on his own ground and builds, and makes the border-mark outside. the same place (ibid.) 4ᵃ מאי ח׳ וכ׳ wherein consists the border-mark? Answ. He bends the pegs on top outward.—2) rough sore, contusion.—plural חָזִיּוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᶜ bottom of the page (emended in edition Lehm. כתית, as Shabbath 77ᵇ). Cmp. חֲזָזִית. ↗ original
חָזַם , Hif'ilהֶחֱזִים (compare גָּזַם) to cut, trim, thin. Demai 3, 2 הרוצה לַחֲזוֹם וכ׳ he who desires to trim leaves of vegetables for the sake of lightening the burden; Tosefta b. 4, 2 להַחֲזִים variant reading edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (edition להחזיר, correct accordingly). ↗ original
חֲזַם , to cut off, nip off. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Leviticus 1, 15 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 יַעֲזֵם; Hebrew text מלק). ↗ original
חַזָּן (חזי) superintendent, officer; (school) governor superintending children at their studies. Shabbath 1, 3 הח׳ רואה וכ׳ on Friday night the governor may look in where the children read, but must not read himself. (in collegiate debates) one who announces the order of proceedings, crier, janitor etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 7ᵈ top אמרו לר׳ זינון הח׳ וכ׳ they said to R. Zinon the ḥazan, ‘Say, Commence’ (the debate)! (in synagogue) superintendent at prayer-meetings, giving the signals for responses, assigning seats etc., sexton. Sukkah 51ᵇ וח׳ הכנסת וכ׳ and the sexton stood upon it with the flag in his hand. Yoma 7, 1; Sotah 7, 8. (in court) crier, sheriff (collecting the votes, executing punishment). Makkoth 3, 12. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 7, 21ᵈ top of the page—plural חַזָּנִים, (חֲזָ׳) חַזָּנִין. Tamid 5, 3 (Temple sextons).—Tosefta Sanhedrin 9, 1 הח׳ קורין וכ׳ the criers call out each judge’s name (to take his vote); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, end, 23ᵃ חַזָּנֵי כנסיות. Makkoth 23ᵃ אין מעמידין ח׳ וכ׳ we must appoint as constables (for punishing) men of lesser physical strength etc. Shabbath 56ᵃ ↗ original
חַזָּנָאsame. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 5, 9ᶜ bottom of the page עאל ח׳ וכ׳ the sexton came and urged one to go up (to read the prayers). Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 75ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 7, end, 22ᵃ חַזַּן מתא town-guard (watching the flocks of the common and guarding the town by night). Bava Metzia 93ᵇ.—plural חַזָּנֵי מתא. the same place (ibid.) ↗ original
חָזַק [to squeeze together,] (neut. verb) to be thick, solid; to be strong. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᶜ bottom of the page (referring to Genesis 1, 6) יֶחֱזַק הרקיע וכ׳ let the expanse become solidified, let it coagulate, congeal; Bereshith Rabbah section 4; (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 5 יתחזק, Hithpa'el). Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיזֵּקto join, repair, tighten, strengthen. Sanhedrin 94ᵃ (explained חזקיה) שחי׳ את ישראל וכ׳ (Munich manuscript שהחזיק, Hif'il) he joined Israel to their Father etc. the same place (ibid.) שחִזְּקוֹ יה the Lord strengthened him. Pesachim 45ᵃ שעשוי לחַזֵּק Munich manuscript where the dough in the cracks is put in for repairing the trough. Shabbath 146ᵇ (העשוי) לחַ׳ when the hole was filled up for making the vessel sound, opposite לשמר to prevent evaporation; and frequently—participle pass. מְחוּזָּק, plural מְחוּזָּקִים. Sifré Numbers 1 אין מְחַזְּקִים אלא המח׳ (edition תמוחז׳) only the strong-minded it is worth while to strengthen (encourage). Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱזִיקsame, see above.— same, see above.—ה׳ טובה ל־ to attach merit to, to account as merit, to be grateful. Avoth 2, 8 אל תַּחֲזִיק ט׳ לעצמך do not claim credit for it (be not proud). Yoma 86ᵇ אלא שמַחֲזִיק לו ט׳ but He even gives him credit (for his sins when he repents). Menachoth 53ᵃ הַחֲזֵק לי וכ׳ give me credit for making Thee known etc. Kethuboth 68ᵃ, and elsewhere בואו ונַחֲזִיק וכ׳ let us be thankful to the fraudulent poor etc.; and frequently (with יד) to strengthen, to encourage, abet. Gittin 5, 9 לפי שאין מַחֲזִיקִין וכ׳ because we must not encourage (by favors) those who do wrong. the same place (ibid.) ומחזיקין ידי עכו"ם וכ׳ we may encourage (greet with תחזקנה ידיכם, Zechariah 8, 9) gentiles at agricultural work in the Sabbatical year; and frequently to hold, contain. the same place (ibid.) 57ᵃ אין עורו מחזיק וכ׳ its skin (once flayed) can not again cover its entire body (it shrinks). the same place (ibid.) (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.) אפי׳ שתין … לא מ׳ it would not have room even for sixty myriads of reeds. Parah 7, 8 בשביל שתַּחֲזִיק וכ׳ in order that it (the reservoir) might hold more water. ʿUktsin 3, 12 לא מצא … מחזיק וכ׳ the Lord found no vessel so fit to contain all blessings as peace; Devarim Rabbah section 5 end; and frequently (with ב) to take a hold of, seize, take possession. Chullin 4ᵃ, and elsewhere כל מצוה שהֶחֱזִיקוּ וכ׳ whatever Jewish law the Samaritans have adopted etc., see דִּקְדֵּק. Bava Metzia 1, 4 וה׳ בה and took a hold of it. Bava Bathra 3, 3 במַחֲזִיק when one is in possession (basing his claim on possession). the same place (ibid.) המַ׳ בנכסי הגר he who takes possession of the estate of a convert (who has no heirs in law). the same place (ibid.) 2 ויַחֲזִיק שנה that he may be in possession for one year, see אִסְפַּמְיָא; and frequently; see חֲזָקָה.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 1, 76ᶜ, and elsewhere שלא הֶחֱזִיקוּ בשכר וכ׳ they did not cling to the duty of maintaining teachers etc. (see חֲזָקָה) to presume, to be under a certain impression, to be convinced. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 4, 66ᵇ היו מַחֲזִיקִין בו שהוא בנו וכ׳ if people were under the impression that a certain person was their neighbor’s son, but in his dying hour he declared etc. the same place (ibid.) היו מ׳ אותו שהוא וכ׳ if people took him to be a relation of his; and elsewhere—Chagigah 19ᵃ, see below. Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּחֲזָק (denominative of חֲזָקָה) to be presumed, be held for, be known for. Gittin 14ᵃ בשה׳ כפרן when the man is known to be a liar. Shevuoth 34ᵇ, and frequently ה׳ כפרן (in such a case) he is considered a confirmed liar.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin the passage cited bottom of the page הוּחְזְקוּ if they were generally assumed (to be husband and wife); and frequently—Chagigah 19ᵃ הטובל לחולין וה׳ לחולין if one takes an immersion for the purpose of being enabled to partake of ordinary food and is considered (by himself) to have immersed for that purpose. the same place (ibid.) טבל ולא ה׳ if he did immerse but did not have a certain purpose in view. the same place (ibid.) עודיהו … ה׳ לדבר קל מחזיק עצמו וכ׳ as long as he has one foot yet in the water, when he had had in view a minor purpose for his bath, he may still change it for a higher purpose. the same place (ibid.) אם לא ה׳ מחזיק if he had had no particular object in view, he may on coming out define the object for which he has bathed.—participleמוּחֲזָקheld in possession, adhered to. Bechoroth 8, 9 ולא בראוי כבמ׳ nor does he take a double share of what is coming due to the estate as he does of what is held in possession; Bava Bathra 55ᵃ; and frequently—Shabbath 130ᵃ עדיין היא מוּחֲזֶקֶת בידם it is still strongly adhered to, opposite מרופה, see רָפָה. being known, approved. Sifra K’dosh. Parah 3, Chaldaic (Aramaic) V במ׳ לך when he is known to thee (to be a proselyte); and elsewhere being sure, convinced, knowing from experience. Kethuboth 25ᵇ מוּחֲזַקְנִי בזה וכ׳ (= מ׳ אני) I know this man to be a priest; and elsewhere—Sifré Numbers 1, see above. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַזֵּק,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַזֵּקto become solid, strong. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 5 יִתְחַזֵּק, see the precedingto feel encouraged, take courage. Berachoth 32ᵃ נ׳ בתפלה became emboldened to pray. ↗ original
חֲזַקsame.—participle pass. חֲזִיקtied up, bandaged. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᶜ top דהוה ח׳ רישיה when his head was tied up (with a turban); Pesikta Rabbati section 22 (not רישין, see notes in edition Friedman). Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 10, 37ᶜ וח׳ רישיה וכ׳ and his head was tied up (or he felt like having a bandage around his head) etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 3, 47ᶜ top והוה חזוק (read חזיק); וחזק (correct accordingly). to take possession. Bava Bathra 52ᵇ, and the following חֲזַק וקני take possession and acquire; and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל חַזֵּיקto fasten.—Vayikra Rabbah section 21 [read] חַזֵּק כפתוי tighten his muzzle, see כֵּיפְתָא.—participle pass. מְחַזַּק. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 50, 1. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֲזֵיק as the precedingHif'il; (with טיבו etc.) to give credit to. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ bottom of the page אנא מַחֲזִיק טיבו לראשי וכ׳ I give credit to my head, which bends of itself etc. Babylonian Berachoth 19ᵃ לאַחֲזוּקֵי ליה וכ׳ that due credit for the preservation of Israel be given to Moses. to presume. Shevuoth 46ᵇ לאַחֲזוּקֵי אינש בגנבי לא מַחְזְקִינָן we must not put a person in the category of thieves (on the charge of one individual); and elsewhere to adhere to, adopt. Chullin 4ᵃ כיון דאַחֲזִיקוּ בהו א׳ בהו since they (the Samaritans) have adopted it, they observe it (also for Israelites). the same place (ibid.) אַחֲזוּק ולא א׳ וכ׳ as to their observance or non-observance of adopted unwritten customs for Israelites there are differences of opinion; and frequently to take possession, to claim possession. Bava Bathra 29ᵇ כי היכי דלא תַחְזְקוּ אהדדי edition (different interpretation or differently interpreted in Munich manuscript, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) that you might not claim possession against one another. the same place (ibid.) 36ᵃ האי מאן דא׳ וכ׳ if one claims a field on the ground of possession, if it lies outside etc., see גּוּדָּא I. the same place (ibid.) לא מַחְזְקֵי בן ולא מַחְזְקִינָן בהו they have no claim of possession against us (for one might have been afraid to disturb them), and they have no claim against us (for, being wealthy, they might not have cared to drive one out); and frequently to be strong, encouraged. Gittin 62ᵃ אַחֲזוּקוּ ‘be strong’ (a greeting to field laborers, see the preceding). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַזֵּק,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְחֲזֵיקto adhere to. Targum Proverbs 4, 13; and elsewhere to be known, be under the presumption. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 19, 33 (see the preceding).—Chullin 10ᵇ היכא דלא א׳ where no presumption (of leprosy) has as yet been formed. Sanhedrin 89ᵇ דמִיתְחֲזַק וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition מוחזק) where one is approved (as a righteous prophet), it is different. ↗ original
חֶזְקָא = next word, presumption, ascertained status. Chullin 10ᵇ אוקי אַחֶזְקֵיה (strike out מילתא) place everything on its once ascertained status as long as you have no evidence of a change. Yevamoth 31ᵃ אַחֶזְקָהּ upon her condition as it would be if there were no evidence at all. ↗ original
חֲזָקָה (חָזַק) taking hold. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᶜ top (referring to 2 Samuel 1, 11) אין ח׳ וכ׳ taking hold (of a garment to rend it in mourning) means no less than a hand-breadth of it. (law) taking posssession, posession, usucaption; claim based on undisturbed possession during a legally fixed period. Bava Bathra 3, 1 חֶזְקַת הבתים וכ׳ the legal period of undisturbed possession (in order to give a title) is for houses … three years. the same place (ibid.) 29ᵇ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) diction) אכלית שני ח׳ I had the undisturbed usufruct for the period prescribed by law. the same place (ibid.) 36ᵃ עבדים יש להם ח׳ does the law of possession apply to slaves?—the same place (ibid.) אין להם ח׳ לאלתר וכ׳ present possession gives no title (as is the case with inanimate movable chattel), but a possession of three years does. the same place (ibid.) 3, 2 שלש ארצות לח׳ there are in Palestine three districts with different usages of possession. the same place (ibid.) 3 כל ח׳ שאין וכ׳ possession without a plea (of purchase or any other mode of legal acquisition) gives no title; and very frequently presumption, presumptive continuance of an actual condition until evidence of a change is produced; legal status. Chullin 9ᵃ בהמה בחייה בחֶזְקַת איסור וכ׳ the anima l when alive, has the status of a forbidden object (see אֵבֶר), until you ascertain by what means it has been ritually slaughtered; when it is slaughtered הרי היא בח׳ היתר וכ׳ it has the status of a permitted object, until you find out how it became forbidden. Gittin 3, 3 בחזקת שהוא קיים under the presumption that her husband (though sick or old when the messenger was deputed) is alive. Kethuboth 75ᵇ ח׳ דגופא a presumption as regards physical condition, ח׳ דממונא the fact of possession against which the claimant has to produce satisfactory evidence. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ אין אדם שותה וכ׳ the presumption is that no man drinks out of a cup without examining (that none will marry without having ascertained the woman’s physical condition). Yevamoth 31ᵇ top חזקת בר שטיא the legal status of an insane person’s property; and very frequently—plural חֲזָקוֹת. Kiddushin 80ᵃ סוקלין … מלקין על הח׳ we execute punishment on the basis of actual facts (though not provable by legal evidence, e.g. man and wife and children living together and treating each other as such, are legally considered as being one family), see חָזַקHof.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 4, 60ᵃ bottom of the page לח׳ with reference to the local usages of usucaption (Gittin 3, 2, see above); and elsewhere ↗ original
חִזְקִיָּה (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Ezekiah, Hizkiah, Hizkiahu; King of Judæa. Sanhedrin 98ᵇ. Bava Bathra 15ᵃ ח׳ וסיעתו וכ׳ Ezekiel and his assistants edited the books of Isaiah, Proverbs etc.; and frequently name of several Amoraim. Zevachim 75ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 8, 38ᵃ top; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 3, 21ᵈ ח׳ חוקוק (see Friedman M’bo, p. 81ᵇ).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, 14ᵈ top of the page—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 3, 34ᵈ top of the page ↗ original
חֶזְקְתָא feminine Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew חֲזָקָה. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 13, 17. [In Talmudic Chạld. the Hebrew forms are retained; see also חֶזְקָא.] ↗ original
חָזַרto go around (searching). Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 8 הוא חוֹזֵר עליה he searches it again (tries to recover his scholarship); the same place (ibid.) יכול הוא לַחֲזוֹר עליה he may recover it; and elsewhere; see below. to turn around, return; to retract, repent. the same place (ibid.) חֲזוֹר בך come back (repent)! Eduy. 5, 6 חזור בך withdraw thy opposition.—Demai 4, 1 חָזְרָה למקומה came back to its place (was mixed up again). Maʿǎser Sheni 1, 5 יֶחְזְרוּ דמים וכ׳ the money shall return to its former condition, i.e. the sale is annulled, and the money has again its sacred character. Kerithoth 8ᵃ נַחֲזוֹר על הראשונות let us go back to what was said first. Shabbath 118ᵇ; Arachin 15ᵇ מימי … וחָזַרְתִּי לאחורי I never said a word (about a fellowman) on which I went back (when confronted with him). Kiddushin 59ᵃ וחָזְרָה בה and she reconsiders (her consent to be married); חוֹזֶרֶת she may do so; Gittin 32ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) חוזר ומגרש בו dare he use the same letter of divorce again (after he has revoked it)? Terumoth 4, 3 ח׳ והוסיף then again he added. Gittin 4, 5 חָזְרוּ לומר then again they said (added); and very frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיזֵּרto go around from one to the other. Yevamoth 53ᵃ צריכה לְחַזֵּר על וכ׳ she must apply to all the brothers successively; (the same place (ibid.) 26ᵇ; 51ᵇ לַחֲזוֹר). Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᵃ bottom of the page חִיזַּרְנוּ על כל וכ׳ we searched the whole Bible; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, beginning 39ᵃ חי׳ בכל וכ׳; (Sifré Deuteronomy section 1 חָזַרְנוּ). Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 8, 16ᶜ top, see דיאתימון. Kiddushin 2ᵇ לחַזֵּר על אשה to go around in search of a wife (to woo). the same place (ibid.) מי חוֹזֵר על מי (Kal) which of them goes around etc.?; Niddah 31ᵇ מי מְחַזֵּר וכ׳. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱזִירto restore, give back. Berachoth 27ᵇ המַחֲזִיר שלים לרבו he who returns the plain salutation (shalom) of his teacher (without adding, ‘My teacher’). the same place (ibid.) 32ᵇ לא ה׳ לו שלום did not answer his greeting. Bava Metzia 7ᵇ יַחֲזִיר לאשה he must restore (the lost document) to the wife. Kethuboth 73ᵇ והֶחֱזִירָהּ and re-married her; and frequently to revoke; to reconsider, to grant a new trial. Gittin 6, 3 אם רצה להַחֲזִיר לא יַחֲזִיר if the husband wants to revoke the letter of divorce, he cannot do so.—Sanhedrin 4, 1 דיני נפשות מַחֲזִירִין וכ׳ in capital cases verdicts may be reconsidered in favor of the defendant. the same place (ibid.) 6, 1 מחזירין the convict is brought back for a new trial; and frequently—[the same place (ibid.) 33ᵇ חוזר, אין מחזירין Manuscript Florence (edition חוזרין).]—Eduy. 5, 7 החזרת בך, Mishnah edition חָזַרְתָּ, see above. to make one read over, to cause correction. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 74ᵈ מחזירין אותו we order him to read it over again correctly. Berachoth 29ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original
חֲזַר Targum Psalms 48, 13. the same place (ibid.) 114, 3. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 49, 19; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, end, 49ᵇ א"ל מִיחֲזַר he said to him, on coming back (I shall give thee something); ח׳ ואשכחיה מית when he came back, he found him dead. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 8 חֲזוֹר עול לך go home again. the same place (ibid.) ולית את חוֹזֵר בך (Hebrew form) and thou dost not repent? [Usually הֲדַר.] Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְזַר, אַחֲזַרto surround, go around. Targum Psalms 22, 13. the same place (ibid.) 26, 6; and elsewhere—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 21, 4 לאַחֲזָרָא (not לאָחַזְ׳). to cause to turn back, to cause to flee. Targum Psalms 44, 11. to turn (one’s face). (one’s face). Targum 2 Chronicles 6, 3. to restore. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 24, 13; and elsewhere—Targum 2 Kings 2, 8 וא׳ he rolled up (his cloak).—participle pass. מַחְזַר, see below. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַזֵּרto turn around, twist. Targum Hosea 10, 2. to move to and back, to winnow. Targum Amos 9, 9 (compare חִיזְרָא 2). [Targum Job 40, 22 יְחַזְּר׳ some edition, read יַחְזְ׳.]—participle pass. מְחַזַּרturned off, going backward. Targum Onkelos Genesis 9, 23 (edition Berlin edition מַחְזְרִין; Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) אפיהון מְאַחְזְרִין, Hebrew text אחרנית).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 74ᵈ bottom of the page חד מְהַזֵר מנא וכ׳ one (of the scholars mentioned) ordered the translator using the word mâna (vessel, in translating טנא, Deuteronomy 26, 2) to go over it again (and say סַלָּא, basket) etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 3, end, 65ᵈ חד אמר מח׳ (strike out אמר); see יֵרוֹקָנָא. ↗ original
חַזְּרָא (the preceding) [turner,] spit, a pointed twig improvised as a spit. Betzah 33ᵃ Munich manuscript (edition fem., Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חִיזְרָא). ↗ original
חֲזָרָה (חָזַר) return; retraction, reconsideration. Kethuboth 73ᵇ אין חֲזָרָתָהּ ח׳ גמורה her return (as a minor, to her husband after divorce, i.e. her remarriage) is not fully valid. Chullin 116ᵇ קידם ח׳ before the editor of the Mishnah had changed his opinion. Yevamoth 64ᵇ אבין ישנו בח׳ Abin (being constantly with R. Joh.) is aware of an eventual change of his teacher’s opinion; [other explanation: is in the habit of reviewing his traditions). restoration, amendment; atonement, repentance. Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 57ᶜ top ויבדק ויחזור בו ח׳ גמורה and he is examined and gives evidence of true reformation; the same place (ibid.) חֲזִירַת ממון לא חֲזָרַת דברים (by which is meant) restoration of ill-gotten gain, not a mere return in words; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 7, 37ᵈ bottom of the page; Sanhedrin 25ᵇ חֲזָרַת ממון. turning backward, turning inside. Moed Katan 24ᵃ חֲזָרַת קרע לאחוריו turning the rent in the mourner’s garment inside (during the Sabbath); Bereshith Rabbah section 100; Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 82ᵈ bottom of the page חֲזִירַת. going around, see חֲזָרָה. ↗ original
חַזְּרָן (הָזַר, see הָדַר) zealous in the execution of religious duties. Shabbath 156ᵃ ח׳ במצות. [Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 9, 6 ח׳ some edition, read מִזְרָן.] ↗ original
חַזְרַן , busy. Shabbath 156ᵃ גבר ח׳ a busy, active man, explained חזרן במצות, see the preceding↗ original
חַזְרָנוּתָא (see חוֹזְרָנוּתָא) surrounding. Targum Psalms 44, 14 (edition Lagarde edition חזרני׳). Targum Job 41, 6 (construct state); and elsewhere ↗ original
חַזְרָר (see חַזּוּר) [little apple,] crab-apple (Malus Coronaria), similar yet heterogeneous to apple. Kilayim 1, 4 Munich manuscript (edition חזרד).—plural חַזְרָרִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 2, 41ᶜ bottom of the page קטנות כח׳ (not בח׳) as small as crab-apples; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 3, 5ᵈ כחוז׳; Babylonian Shabbath 38ᵃ כעוזרדין, see חִיזְרָר). Maasroth 1, 3 Munich manuscript (edition עוזרדין). ↗ original
חֲזֶרֶתlettuce. Kilayim 1, 2 ח׳ וח׳ גלין (garden) lettuce and hill-lettuce (wild lettuce). Pesachim 2, 6 (explained the same place (ibid.) 39ᵃ חסא). the same place (ibid.) 10, 3; and elsewhere—plural חֲזָרִים, חֲזָרִין. ʿUktsin 1, 2. the same place (ibid.) 2, 7. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᵇ bottom of the page לקנב חיזרין (read: חזרין). ↗ original
חֵטְאthe preceding) failure, sin. Berachoth 4ᵃ שמא יגרום הח׳ perhaps sin is the cause (preventing the fulfillment of divine promise). the same place (ibid.) אלא שגרם הח׳ but for sin that prevented it. Shabbath 119ᵇ, see הֶבֶל; and frequently—יְרֵא ח׳, יִרְאַת ח׳, see יָרֵא a. יִרְאָה.—In Talmud Yerushalmi (prefix) also חֵט. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᶜ top; and frequently—plural חֲטָאִים. Berachoth 10ᵃ (referring to חַטָּאִים, Psalms 104, 35) מי כתיב חוֹטְאִים ח׳ כתיב does the text read ḥot’im (sinners), it may be read ḥătaim (sins). the same place (ibid.) כיון דְיִתַּמּוּ ח׳ וכ׳ when sins shall cease, the wicked shall be no more. Yoma 4, 2; and frequently ↗ original
חֲטָאָה (חֲטָא) sinner. Berachoth 60ᵃ ח׳ את art thou a sinner?—plural חַטָּאַיָּא, חַטָּאִין, חַטָּאֵי, חַטָ׳, חַטַּיָּיה, חַטַּיָּא. Targum Proverbs 1, 10. Targum Psalms 104, 35.—Bereshith Rabbah section 12; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 19. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Naḥ. p. 128ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 391; and elsewhere searcher of sin, accuser. Targum Zechariah 3, 1 (edition Lagarde edition יַחֲטָא). ↗ original
חֶטְאָה Targum Deuteronomy 19, 15. Targum I Samuel 10, 26. Targum Genesis 4, 7 (edition Berlin edition חִטְאָה, some edition חַטַּאת). Targum Proverbs 21, 4 (edition Lagarde edition חטהא); and elsewhere—Moed Katan 16ᵃ פרטינן חֶטְאֵיה וכ׳ we must specify his sin publicly. Sanhedrin 37ᵇ חטא אחריתי the sin of another active—plural חֶטְאִין, חִיטְ׳, חֶטְאֵי. Targum Jeremiah 14, 19 (edition Lagarde edition חובין). Targum Onkelos Leviticus 18, 7 (see זִימָּה 2). Targum Proverbs 14, 34 (edition Lagarde edition חֶטִהֵי); and frequently [the same place (ibid.) 28, 13 חֶטּוֹי, see חֲטָי.] ↗ original
חַטָּאתmistake, inadvertence, sin.—plural חַטָּאוֹת. Bava Metzia 33ᵇ (referring to Isaiah 58, 1) חַטֹּאתָם אלו וכ׳ ‘their mistakes’, this refers to the ignorant whose wilful sins are accounted to them as errors. sacrifice expiating inadvertent sin, sin-offering. Bava Bathra 10ᵇ (referring to Proverbs 14, 34) וחסד לישראל ולאמים ח׳ (different interpretation or differently interpreted in Munich manuscript, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) but benevolence is a sin-offering for Israel as well as for gentiles. the same place (ibid.) כשם שהח׳ מכפרת וכ׳ (different interpretation or differently interpreted in Munich manuscript) as well as the sin-offering brings atonement to Israel etc. Zevachim 1, 1; and frequently—plural חַטָּאוֹת; construct state חַטְּאוֹת, חַטֹּאת. the same place (ibid.) 5, 3 ח׳ הצבור congregational sin-offerings. the same place (ibid.) 112ᵃ הפריש שתי ח׳ וכ׳ if he sets apart two sin-offerings for security’s sake; and very frequently ↗ original
חַטָּאתָאsin, stumbling. Targum Proverbs 10, 16 manuscript (edition חַטּוּתָא). [the same place (ibid.) 21, 4 חטתא manuscript (edition חטאה, חטהא).]—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2, 26ᶜ bottom of the page חטאת דחנניה (probably חֶטְאֵיה). sin-offering. Targum Exodus 29, 36; and frequently—plural חַטְוָתָא, חַטְוָו׳. Targum Numbers 18, 9. Targum Hosea 4, 8. ↗ original
חָטַב 1to split, cut, chop.—participle passive חָטוּב. Makkoth 8ᵃ אם מצא חָטוּב (אינו חוֹטֵב) if he finds cut wood (for the religious purpose), he need not cut it. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיטֵּבto eraze. Treatise Sofrim 5, 1 מְחַטֵּב (variant reading lect. מעטב, מעכב); (Treatise Sefer Torah, edition Kirchh. 5, 1 מַחֲטִּיב Hif'il). ↗ original
חָטַב 2 (compare Arab. ḫatab, a. חטף) to fall in love, to woo. Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 26 היתה חוֹטֶבֶת באדם וכ׳ she would propose to a man in the street (some edition חוֹטֶפֶת). [Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 חטבו ממנה, see חָטַף.]—5. חֲטִיבָה. ↗ original
חֲטַבsame, to select, betroth one’s self to. Targum Deuteronomy 26, 17, and the following (= חטף) to seize violently. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 49, 5 (Hebrew text חמס). to embroider, design, see חוֹטְבָא. ↗ original
חֲטָבָה (חָטַב 1) cutting, chopping. Makkoth 2, 2 חֲטָבַת עצים; Sifré Deuteronomy 182 חֲטִיבַת. Makkoth 8ᵃ ממאי דמח׳ עצים דרשות וכ׳ how can you prove that we derive the rule from an ordinary cutting of wood, perhaps a cutting of wood for a Succah is meant etc.? ↗ original
חִטָּה see חָנַט) [the clean, bright, compare פת נקיה, under the word נָקִי,] wheat-grain, (collect.) wheat. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 2, 12; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 3 מה ח׳ זו סדוקה as the wheat-grain is slit. Shevuoth 5, 3 אמר ח׳ if he says ḥittah (in the singular). the same place (ibid.) 38ᵃ אפי׳ ח׳ בכלל חטין even ḥittah means a quantity of wheat. Tosefta Nedarim 3, 7; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, end, 40ᵃ חי׳ שאני וכ׳ if one vows, ‘I will not taste ḥittah (wheat-grains)’, contradistinguished to חִטִּין; and frequently—plural חִטִּים, חִטִּין, חִי׳. the same place (ibid.) Pesachim 2, 5. the same place (ibid.) 35ᵃ כוסמין מין ח׳ spelt is a species of wheat; Menachoth 70ᵃ. Bereshith Rabbah section 15 ח׳ היו ‘the tree of knowledge’ was wheat. Shevuoth the passage cited; and frequently ↗ original
חָטַטto dig, cut out (of the sucket), hollow out. Mikvaoth 4, 3 החוֹטֵט בצינור וכ׳ if one makes a cavity in a water pipe for the deposit of pebbles. Bereshith Rabbah section 34 היה חוטט את וכ׳ the embryo would cut its way through etc. Kiddushin 24ᵇ וחֲטָטָהּ and he (the master) cut it (the eye) out. to rake, clean a well. Moed Katan 1, 2 וחוֹטְטִין אותן and you may clean the wells. the same place (ibid.) 5ᵃ ח׳ … ואין חופרין וכ׳ you may clean …, but not dig (deepen) etc. [the same place (ibid.) ולא חוטטין לתוכן you must not rake pebbles into them; see, however version Munich manuscript, Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)]—Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 80ᵇ bottom of the page חוטטין אותן גרפין לון וכ׳ (not חוטטן) ḥot’tin means ‘they rake them’, as we read (Mikvaoth the passage cited). to take sheaves out with a rake. Sukkah 1, 8 החוטט בגדיש וכ׳ if one takes sheaves out of a stack, so as to form a shed (Succah). the same place (ibid.) 15ᵃ Pi'el פִּעֵל חִטֵּטto rake. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 3, beginning 5ᶜ צריך לחַטֵּט ביד וכ׳ he must rake (coals and ashes out of the oven) with a handle, which proves that he must clean thoroughly. to make holes, to pick. Tosefta Mikvaoth 7 (8), 2 אוצין צריך לחטט variant reading (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) לחַטְחֵט) if the holes in the baskets are filled up with grapes etc., one must clean them by picking. Bava Kamma 18ᵃ תרנגולין שהיו מְחַטְּטִין וכ׳ chickens that picked on the rope of a bucket. Tosefta Bava Metzia 8, 30 שמְחַטְּטִין את וכ׳ (variant reading שמְחַטְחֲטִין) for they pick holes in the walls. (with אחר) to dig after, to trace with the knife. Chullin 74ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 7, 4. to trim. Shabbath 90ᵃ; Menachoth 107ᵃ, see מָחַט. Pilp. חִטְחֵטsame. Yerushalmi (prefix) Orlah 3, 63ᵃ מצוי לחַטְחֵט אחריו it is likely that they dig after it (to take it out of the ground); and elsewhere (see above). Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחֱטַטto be dug out, picked out. Kiddushin 24ᵇ נֶחְטְטָה עינה if the bird’s eye was picked out; Zevachim 7, 5 (68ᵇ) Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition נסמית). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַטֵּטto be exhumed. Yevamoth 63ᵇ מתים מִתְחַטְּטִין the dead are exhumed (by the Guebres). Polel. חוט ), participleמְחוֹטֵט (see מַחַט) stinging (the eye), dazzling, see below. Hithpol. הִתְחוֹטֵטto be cut (of jewels), to be polished, glisten. Megillah 12ᵃ (play on בהׄטׄ, Esther 1, 6) אבׄנים שמִתְחׄוֹטְֹטוֹת על בעליהן וי"א אבׄנים המְחׄוֹטְֹטוֹת לעינים במקומן Manuscript Florence (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 5) stones which glisten on those who wear them, and some say, Stones which dazzle the eyes in the place where they are found. ↗ original
חֲטַט 1 , to dig, hollow out. Chullin 25ᵃ; Shabbath 103ᵃ דחַט קפיזא וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition דחק) he hollowed out a K’fiza (smaller measure) whereas the material was large enough for a Kab. Pesachim 28ᵃ (proverb) כפא דחט נגרא בגויה נשרי חרדלא ונישלוף Munich manuscript (read: ונישרוף; edition דחט׳ נגרא בגווה נשרוף וכ׳; variant reading דחק) in the ladle which the artisan hollowed out, he shall have mustard soaked and shall swallow it (man is paid with his own coin). Pa'el פִּעֵל חַטֵּטto dig after, exhume. Yevamoth 63ᵇ קא מְחַטְּטֵי שכבי they (the Guebres) exhume the (Jewish) dead. [Bava Bathra 58ᵃ, see חַטֵּיטָא.] ↗ original
חֲטַט 2 , Pa'elחַטֵּיט (sec. root or radix of חוּט 2) to sew. Targum Genesis 3, 7. Targum Ezekiel 13, 18. ↗ original
חטי [to stroll idly, saunter (see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Targum Dictionary 1, 4242),] to live in luxury, to be like a nobleman, to be well-dressed, clean etc. (compare פנק, פרנק). Pi'el פִּעֵל חִטֵּא, חִטָּהto make look well, polish, dress, cleanse, prepare. Chullin 27ᵃ (play on ושׄחׄטׄ, Leviticus 1, 5) ממקום ששׄחׄ חַטֵֹּהוּ from the place where the animal bends (its head, the front of the neck), cleanse it (let its blood run out). the same place (ibid.) ממאי דהאי חטהו לישנא דדכויי הוא how can you prove that this ḥattehu has the meaning of cleansing?—the same place (ibid.) ממקום שסׄחׄ חׄטׄהו from where it utters sound, cleanse it. [Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 2, see below.] Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַטֵּא, הִתְחַטָּה,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְח׳to enjoy, to be gratified. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 2 [read:] כל חִיטּוּיִין … שישראל מִתְחַטִּין וכ׳ all luxuries and enjoyments which Israel indulge in and enjoy. Menachoth 66ᵇ (play on נׄתׄעׄלׄסׄהׄ, Proverbs 7, 18) נׄשא ונתׄן ונעׄלה ונׄשמח ונִתְחַטֵּא באהבים let us have a conversation, then let us go up and rejoice and delight ourselves with dalliances; Sifra Vayikra, N’dabah, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 14, Parah 13. Menachoth the passage cited (play on נׄעׄלׄסׄהׄ Job 39, 13) נׄושׄא עולׄה ונתחׄטא; Sifra the passage cited נושא ועולה ומִתְחַטֵּא he (the bird) raises (his wings) and rises and enjoys himself (different interpretation or differently interpreted interpret. in Rashi). to show one’s self a nobleman, to be generous, proud. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 7 שהיה מתחטא על וכ׳ he was generous towards etc. (referring to Genesis 14, 23, Daniel 5, 17). to be imperious, to lord it, to ask petulantly. Taanith 3, 8 אתה מתח׳ לפני thou comest petulantly before the Lord כבן שהוא מתח׳ על וכ׳ like a son that lords it over his father etc. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 6 (explain. חמק, the same place (ibid.)) נתח׳ וכ׳ he became petulant, he got angry with me. ↗ original
חֲטִי ; participle חַטְיָא used to comfort, tender, delicate. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 33, 13 טליא חַטְיָין (Hebrew text רכים). Pa'el פִּעֵל חַטֵּאto cause to be generous, to persuade to leniency. Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 18 אנא אזלא ומְחַטָּא ליה I will go to appeal to his generosity (Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 32 ומפייסה). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִחְטֵיto be raised in luxury. participle pass. מִחְטֵי, fem. מֶחְטָיָא, מֶחְטַיְיתָאdelicate. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 28, 54, Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 28, 54; 56. ↗ original
חטי ² (Biblical Hebrew) [to miss,] to fail, err, sin. Yoma 4, 2, and the following Berachoth 17ᵃ; and frequently Rosh Hashanah 26ᵃ חוֹטֵא בל יקריב he that sinned (with gold by making the golden calf) shall not bring nigh (the gold, enter with gold garments); ח׳ בל יתגאה he that sinned (with gold) shall not parade himself (with it).—Kethuboth 11ᵃ שלא יהא חוטא נשכר that the sinner may not profit by his sin; Yevamoth 92ᵇ; and elsewhere Pi'el פִּעֵל חִטֵּאto expiate (cleanse from sin, see חָטָא I). Yoma 5, 5 (58ᵇ) מְחַטֵּא ויורד he expiates (sprinkles) and goes down (sprinkling downward; Rashi: moves his arm downward). the same place (ibid.) במקומו היה עומד ומח׳ he remained in his place and sprinkled. Zevachim 53ᵃ Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְטִיאto cause to sin. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 4, 5; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shubah, p. 158ᵃ. Avoth 5, 18; and frequently ↗ original
חֲטִי ² Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 49, 3. Targum Joshua 7, 11; and frequently—Shabbath 56ᵃ מֶהְטָא נמי לא חטאו but at all events they did not sin; the same place (ibid.) 56ᵇ ומיחטא וכ׳.—Pesachim 113ᵇ; Makkoth 11ᵃ, see זִיגּוֹד; and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְטֵיto cause to sin. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 27, 3; and elsewhere Pa'el פִּעֵל חַטֵּיsame. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 24, 14 חַטֵּי יתהון (edition Venice חָטֵי) seduce them (to immorality). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְחֲטִי, אִיחֲטִיto be tempted. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᵇ bottom of the page תִיחְטְיִי that thou be not tempted to sin (through thy husband’s absence). ↗ original
חֳטִי = חֵטא, especially unexpiated sin, consequence of sin. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᶜ top חֶטְיוֹ של וכ׳, see אוּנְקְיָא. 5. חֶטְיָיה. ↗ original
חֲטָי Daniel 4, 24.—plural with suffix חֲטוֹי. Targum Proverbs 28, 13 (manuscript חַטּוֹי, some edition חֶטֹּוי). ↗ original
חֲטִיבָא feminine Chaldaic (Aramaic) = next word Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 26, 17, and the following ↗ original
חֲטִיבָה 1 (חָטַב 2) object of love. Berachoth 6ᵃ; Chagigah 3ᵃ (referring to Deuteronomy 26, 17) אתם עשיתוני ח׳ אחת וכ׳ you made me the only object of your love in the world, and I shall make you etc. (referring to 2 Samuel 7, 23); Tanchuma Ki Thabo 2. declaring love. the same place (ibid.) עושין ח׳ וכ׳ declare their love to God; Tanchuma, edition Buber edition, the same place (ibid.) 4. ↗ original
חַטֵּיטָא (חֲטַט 1) digger;חַטֵּיט שכבי one who exhumes the dead, grave-robber. Bava Bathra 58ᵃ הוה ח׳ ש׳ (Manuscript Hamburg קא מְחַיֵּיט מערתא, early editions חַיַּיט, frequently חוּט I).—plural construct state חַטִּיטֵי. Yevamoth 63ᵇ (some edition חָטוֹטֵי). ↗ original
חֲטִיטָה (חָטַט) cleaning a well, raking. Moed Katan 5ᵃ ח׳ אין וכ׳ cleaning is permitted, but digging etc. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ מי שרי is cleaning permitted?; and elsewhere hollowing out. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 2, 17; Chullin 25ᵃ מחוסר ח׳ a block requiring hollowing out for becoming a receptacle. the same place (ibid.) מחוסר ח׳ פשיטא is it not a matter of course that a block requiring hollowing out is not fit for uncleanness?; see חֲטַט. ↗ original
חֶטְיָיא = חֲטָי, sin, misconduct, failing. Shemoth Rabbah section 26 (ref to Exodus 17, 5) עבור על ח׳ שלהם pass over (ignore) their misconduct; (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 262; Mechilta Beshallach, Vayassa, section 6 חֵטא). Pesikta Rabbati section 13 והואיל ומפני ח׳ של אבותיהם וכ׳ (not עונותיהם) since Amalek came in consequence of the sin of their fathers (at Rephidim), says He to them, Remember etc. (Deuteronomy 25, 17)?—Bereshith Rabbah section 18, end מאיזו ח׳ וכ׳ (Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 25 מאיזה טעם) on account of what impropriety of conduct etc. Bamidbar Rabbah section 9, end מפני ח׳ אחת וכ׳ on account of one single misconduct (in making the golden calf) etc. Devarim Rabbah section 2 תכתב ח׳ שלי וכ׳ let my failing be recorded (Yoma 86ᵇ, and elsewhere סורחני). ↗ original
חֲטִיפָה (חָטַף) pinching off the rough edges. Kelim 14, 1 מחוסר ח׳ (edition Dehr. חֲטָפָה, variant reading הֲגָפָה) a fragment of a vessel needing etc. in order to be used; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 4, 1 הטפה, see הֲשָׁפָה. ↗ original
חֲטָם (see חוֹטָם) the young camel’s ring or staff put through the nose, see זְמָמָא. Shabbath 5, 1 (51ᵇ); Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, 61ᶜ bottom of the page ↗ original
חטן , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 7, beginning 37ᵇ, see טִין, טָנַן.↗ original
חָטַףto seize, rob. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᶜ bottom of the page (referring to I Kings 8, 54) ככפים הללו שלא חָטְפוּ בבנין וכ׳ edition Krot. (other edition נטפו, probably נִטְנְפוּ, see טָנַף) like those hands which did not rob anything at building the Temple. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 וחֲטָפוֹ ממנה and snatched it (the letter of divorce) out of her hands; and frequently—Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 26, see חָטַב. (compare Lat. carpo) to do a thing with haste, especially (see Berachoth 35ᵃ and the following, Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 1) to break without benediction. Tosefta Pesachim 10, 9 חוֹטְפִין מצה לתינוק matzah is distributed among the children before the regular turn in the Passover ceremonies, in order that they may not fall asleep; Pesachim 109ᵃ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 50; other opinion in commentary or commentaries). participle pass. חָטוּף, feminine חֲטוּפָהsnatched, abrupt. Moed Katan 28ᵃ מת פתאם מיתה ח׳ if one dies suddenly, it is called an abrupt death (snatched by death); Treatise Smachoth, Treatise Chaldaic (Aramaic) 3 לארבעה … מיתה ח׳ after four or five days of sickness, it is called etc.; see דָּחַף.—אמן ח׳, see אָמֵן 2. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַטֵּףto be snatched, hurried. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 8, end, 12ᶜ he who says ‘a hurried Amen’—יִתְחַטְּפוּ שנותיו his years will be hurried (he will die an untimely, sudden death, see above); Babylonian Berachoth 47ᵃ ↗ original
חֲטַףto seize, snatch. Targum Judges 21, 21. Targum I Kings 20, 33 וחטפוהא מיניה they snatched the word hastily from him (Hebrew text ויחלטו הממנו); and elsewhere—Bava Bathra 33ᵇ, and the following דמִיחֲטַף חַטְפָהּ מיניה that he took it from him forcibly. Chullin 133ᵃ היה חֲטִיפְנָא מתנתא I used to take the priest’s gifts eagerly (see חֲבַב). Eruvin 54ᵃ חֲטוֹף ואכול וכ׳ make haste and eat etc. (enjoy life, while you live). to do violence, strain (the text), to misinterpret. Targum Ezekiel 22, 26. (of animals of prey) to tear. Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 דובין חטפין (read: דֵּיבִין) the wolves (on Solomon’s throne) made an attempt to tear (the false witness). the same place (ibid.) למחטיף לבהון וכ׳, as if to tear the hearts etc. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַטֵּףsame. the same place (ibid.) (of hawks). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַטַּףto be robbed, be snatched. Targum Proverbs 13, 2.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 60ᵇ top והיא מִתְחַטְּפָא and it is taken by force (confiscated). ↗ original
חֲטָפָא (the preceding) robbery, violence. Targum Ezekiel 45, 9. Targum Isaiah 60, 18. ↗ original
חַטְפִיתָא (the preceding words) name of an unclean bird (Hebrew , ostrich(?). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 11, 16; Deuteronomy 14, 15. ↗ original
חֲטַרto cut off (denominative חוּטְרָא I, twig, compare גֶּזַע etc.). etc.). to fence in (compare גדר, גזר etc.). Targum Job 19, 8.—Denom. חוּטְרָא 2. (denominative of חוּטְרָא I) to whip, strike. Shabbath 67ᵃ בלועא דחמרא חֲטַרְתֵּיה (Munich manuscript חטבתיה) with an ass’ jaw I should strike him. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַטֵּרto provide with a vertical stroke(חוּטְרָא). Menachoth 29ᵇ דחַטְּרֵי להו לגגיה דחי"ת (Munich manuscript דהוו חַטְרֵי ליה Pe.) they used to put a vertical stroke on the roof of the Ḥeth. ↗ original
חֹטֶר , see חוּטְרָא. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᵈ top נחית מן חטריה, read: חַמְרֵיה.] ↗ original
חַיliving, alive; living creature; healthy. Berachoth 27ᵇ אלמלא אני חי והוא מת יכול החי וכ׳ if I were alive and he dead, the living one might give the lie to the dead. the same place (ibid.) 5, 5 זה חי this one is destined to live (recover). Shabbath 94ᵃ, and elsewhere החי נושא את עצמו a living being carries itself (the carrying of a living being on the Sabbath is not unlawful). the same place (ibid.) 10, 5 את החי במטה (he who carries) a living person on a couch; and very frequently—אבר מן החי, see אֵבֶר.—plural חַיִּים, חַיִּין. Avoth 4, 22 והח׳ לידון and the living are destined to be judged. Shabbath 94ᵃ בין ח׳ ובין שחוטין whether alive or slaughtered; and frequently—Avodah Zarah 5ᵇ (referring to החי, Genesis 6, 19) שחיין ראשי וכ׳ the ends of whose limbs live (exist). in natural condition, raw (opposite בשול); unmixed (opposite מָזוּג). Sanhedrin 70ᵃ בשר חי raw meat, יין חי unmixed wine. Avodah Zarah 38ᵃ, and frequently הנאכל כמות שהוא חי what is eatable in its natural state; and frequently—Fem.חַיָּה. Chullin 42ᵃ (referring to Leviticus 11, 2) ח׳ אכול וכ׳ what is in a healthy condition (viable), you may eat, see טְרֵפָה. [5. חַיָּה.] ↗ original
חַי ² Targum Genesis 9, 3; and frequently—Targum Exodus 12, 9 כד חי (half-)raw; and frequently—Shabbath 18ᵇ קרא חייא raw cabbage.—Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22, 7 [read:] חשיך חי דבעי למיתא luckless in the living one that is dependent on the dead; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 686; and frequently—Pl. חַיִּין, חַיַּיָּא, חַיֵּי. Targum Psalms 38, 20. Targum Numbers 17, 13; and frequently—Sanhedrin 98ᵇ אי מן ח׳ הוא if he is one of the living (the present age); Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ top; and frequently—Fem.חַיָּיא, חַיָּא, חַיְּתָא, חַיְּי׳. Targum Genesis 1, 20. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) 37, 2; and elsewhere—Shabbath 18ᵇ קדרא ח׳ a raw dish.—plural חַיָּיתָא, חַיָּין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 1, 21; and frequently—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 1, 19 (strong).—[Bava Kamma 38ᵇ דהוה חַיָּה (Hebrew form.) that she would have lived. ↗ original
חִיבּוּבָא (חבב) love; loved object. Targum Micah 6, 7; and elsewhere—Shabbath 130ᵃ, see חֲבַב. ↗ original
חִיבּוּט (חָבַט) laying down, pressing. Sukkah 4, 6 יום ח׳ חריות the day of laying down the twigs. the same place (ibid.) 43ᵇ. ↗ original
חִיבּוּלwound, injury. Targum Leviticus 19, 28; 21, 5.—Moed Katan 28ᵇ, see חֲבִילָא I. moral defect, corruption. Targum Job 11, 15. the same place (ibid.) 31, 7; and elsewhere ↗ original
חִיבּוּר (חָבַר) junction, connection. Kelim 3, 6 אינה ח׳ is not considered a connection (touching the stopper by an unclean person etc. does not affect the contents of the cask). the same place (ibid.) 18, 2; Shabbath 44ᵇ; 46ᵃ.—Avodah Zarah 56ᵇ, and elsewhere נצוק ח׳ the jet produced by pouring out is a connection (the liquid at one end, if touched by a gentile etc., affects that in the vessel); Tohoroth 8, 9; and very frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 8, 22ᵈ אין … ח׳ לעיר we do not consider it as connected with the town (as regards Sabbath limits). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, end, 32ᵈ ח׳ לבגד considered as connected (woven) with the garment; and frequently ↗ original
חִיבּוּרָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Leviticus 19, 10 בחִיבּוּרְהוֹן on the tree (see Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 4, 18ᵃ, under the word חָבַר). ↗ original
חִיבְּתָא Targum Song of Songs 2, 4; and frequently—plural חִיבָּתָא. the same place (ibid.) 4, 10. ↗ original
חִידּוּד (חָדַד) the effect of the sharp edge, cut. Chullin 8ᵃ חִידּוּדָהּ קודם וכ׳ (in cutting with a heated knife) the effect of its edge precedes the effect of the heat. (Biblical Hebrew pointed projection, prong. Kelim 2, 5 ויש לו ח׳ and (the lid) has a pointed knob (which prevents the use of it separately as a receptacle). the same place (ibid.) ואין לו ח׳ (edition Dehr. ואינו חָדוּד, see חָדַד). the same place (ibid.) 4, 1 או שהיה בו ח׳ or (the vessel cannot stand straight) because it has a pointed bottom which makes it incline; and frequently—plural חִידּוּדִים, חִידּוּדִין, חִדּ׳. the same place (ibid.) 3 היו בה ח׳ יוצאין if there are prongs projecting from the bottom of the misshaped vessel.—Sanhedrin 94ᵃ (play on ויחד, Exodus 18, 9) נעשה בשרו ח׳ ח׳ Munich manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) he felt like cuts in his body; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 268 חי׳ חי׳. sharpening, whetting (euphem. for unnatural gratification). Sanhedrin 66ᵇ, see הִרְדּוּס. ↗ original
חִידּוּק (חָדַק, הָ׳) that which is sqeezed in to fill a gap, repair, insertion. Chullin 57ᵇ one who had a hole in the (fractured) scull, ועשו לו ח׳ של קרויה וכ׳ edition (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ה׳ של קרא …) and they inserted a piece of a pumpkin shell, and he recovered. Kelim 3, 5 ח׳ ק׳ הכרויה Rabbenu Shimshon (edition only ח׳ ק׳) the lining of a pumpkin shell that has been hollowed out (to be used as a drawing vessel, i.e. the earthen vessel or clay which has been fitted in as a protection); Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 3, 3 ח׳ הק׳ הברויה (see בָּרָה a. כָּרָה); Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 3, 30ᵃ top ה׳ קירויה וכרויה (read הכרויה). ↗ original
חִידּוּשׁ (חָדַשׁ) renovation, the first stage of the crescent moon. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵈ הרואה … בחִידּוּשָׁהּ he who sees the moon in her first stage. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 1, 46ᵃ bottom of the page שמרהו שיבוא בחִירּוּשׁוֹ observe it that it (the maturing of the crops) should coincide with the first part of the month of Nisan. Rosh Hashanah 25ᵃ אין חִרּוּשָׁהּ של לבנה וכ׳ (Munich manuscript חָדְשָׁהּ, see חֹדֶשׁ) the renovation of the moon takes no less than twenty nine days and a half etc. restoration. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᶜ bottom of the page ח׳ בית וכ׳ the restoration of thy sanctuary. novel interpretation, novel idea, additional legislation (novellae). Chagigah 3ᵃ א"א לבה"מ בלא ח׳ it is impossible for a college session to pass without a novel remark. the same place (ibid.) מה ח׳ היה וכ׳ what was the news in college to-day?—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 16 ובואי דבר של ח׳ ‘and come’ (the same place (ibid.)) intimates a novel rule (adding thanks-offerings); Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 72ᶜ top, and elsewhere—Vayikra Rabbah section 13, see חָדָשׁ; and frequently strange law, exception, unique law (which allows of no conclusion by analogy), anomaly. Sanhedrin 27ᵃ עד זומם ח׳ הוא וכ׳ the law concerning the punishment of false witnesses is an anomaly, (for why must we trust the one set more than the other?) אין … חִידּוּשׁוֹ ואילך therefore you cannot go beyond what it says distinctly, i.e. previous evidences of refuted witnesses cannot be assailed. Pesachim 44ᵇ מבשר וחלב … דח׳ הוא you can draw no analogy from the law concerning the mixture of flesh and milk, for it is an anomaly; ומאי חידושו and wherein is it an anomaly? Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 7, beginning 44ᶜ לחִידּוּשׁוֹ יצא the law (Deuteronomy 22, 13 and the following) is specified for its anomalous nature; and frequently ↗ original
חידות , Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 9, 6ᵈ bottom of the page, read: חִידּוּשׁ or חדתין הוו, see חֲדַת↗ original
חַיָּה 1 (adjective) see חַי. animal, especially beast of chase, deer etc., contradistinguished to בְּהֵמָה. Chullin 6, 1 ונוהג בח׳ ובעוף and applies to beasts of chase and birds; and frequently—Avoth 5, 9, and frequently ח׳ רעה the plague of wild beasts. Shemoth Rabbah section 35 (referring to Psalms 68, 31) ח׳ הדרה וכ׳ the beast that lives between the reeds (Rome).—Shabbath 151ᵇ; Sanhedrin 38ᵇ, and elsewhere אין ח׳ רעה שולטת וכ׳ no wild beast has power over man, unless he appears to it to resemble a brute creature; and frequently—plural חַיּוֹת. Taanith 8ᵃ לע"ל … כל הח׳ וכ׳ in the future all the wild beasts shall gather and come to the serpent etc. Betzah 25ᵇ כלב בח׳ the dog (is the most irrepressible) among the wild beasts. Berachoth 61ᵇ פקח שבח׳ the shrewdest of all animals; and very frequently—Esp. Ḥayoth, legendary celestial creatures (Ezekiel 1, 5). Chagigah 13ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original
חַיָּה 2 (חָיָה) [recovering,] lying-in woman, woman in confinement. Yoma 8, 1 הח׳ תנעול וכ׳ a woman after confinement may wear shoes (on the Day of Atonement). Berachoth 54ᵇ חולה ח׳ וכ׳ a sick person, a lying-in etc.; and frequently—plural חַיּוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ bottom of the page; Bereshith Rabbah section 96, end אי לכם ח׳ וכ׳ woe to you, lying-in women in Palestine; and frequently [physician,] midwife. Tosefta Bava Bathra 7, 2 נאמנת ח׳ וכ׳ the midwife is an admissible witness as to which (of twins) was the first-born; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 4, 69ᵈ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 3, beginning 13ᵈ הח׳ בשעה וכ׳ the midwife (is an admissible witness) only as long as she is seated by the obstetric chair (not after she left the mother). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 16, end, 16ᵃ עשו אותו כח׳ וכ׳ they place him in the same category as a midwife whose testimony is valid on the spot; and elsewhere—plural as ab. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 5 מרים … חַיּוֹתֵיהֶן וכ׳ Miriam … were the midwives of Israel; and frequently ↗ original
חֵיוָא = Hebrew חַיָּה I, animal, mostly collect. beasts. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 37, 2. Targum Genesis 1, 25; and frequently—Yevamoth 121ᵇ ושדי לחֵיוָאִי and cast it before my cattle; Sanhedrin 74ᵇ לחֵיוְתָא (edition Soncino לחֵיוְתָאִי); and frequently—plural חֵיוָון, חֵיוָאן. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 25, 27.—Koheleth Rabbah to 11, 2 תרין ח׳ דנור two animals of fire (M. K. חִוְיָן serpents). the same place (ibid.) חֵיוָן.—(Masc. plural) חֵיוֵי. Chullin 43ᵇ, and elsewhere ח׳ ברייתא, see בָּרָאָה.—5. חֵיוְתָא↗ original
חִיוַאיHivai. Yevamoth 121ᵇ מאן איכא בי ח׳ וכ׳ who is here belonging to the house of Ḥ.? ↗ original
חִיּוּב (חוּב, see חַיָּיב) obligation; restriction, disadvantage; conviction. Shabbath 2ᵇ מהן לח׳ ומהן לפטור some of them are mentioned for conviction (as punishable), and some as not punishable. the same place (ibid.) 3ᵃ ח׳ חטאת obligation to bring a sin-offering. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 9, beginning 32ᵈ מזכותו אתה למד חִיּיוּבו from his privilege you can deduct his restriction (what he has no right to).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 3, beginning 59ᵃ מפטור על ח׳ from what is exempt (from Ḥallah) for what is subject (to Ḥallah); and frequently ↗ original
חִיּוּב ²guilt, wickedness. Targum Job 35, 8. obligation, conviction. Rosh Hashanah 28ᵃ בח׳ as an obligation; זמן ח׳ the time when one is bound to hear the Shofar; מקום ח׳ a place where one is bound. Sukkah 56ᵃ ח׳ דיומא the obligation of the day (to dwell in booths). Bava Kamma 68ᵃ חִיּוּבֵיה לאחר יאוש הוא his obligation begins after the object has been despaired of; and frequently—plural חִיּוּבֵי, חִיּיוּ׳. Shabbath 2ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original
חִיוֵי (חוי, see Ges. H. Dictionary10 under the word חוה) serpent. Targum Genesis 3, 1. Targum Onkelos Exodus 4, 2 חִיוֵּי edition Berlin edition (variant reading חֵיוִי, חֵוֵי); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᵇ ודבר נשא ח׳ and the spine of a human being is turned into a serpent. Shabbath 85ᵃ (play on הַחִוִּי) שהיו טועמין את הארץ כח׳ they tasted the ground (for agricultural purposes) like a serpent. Bereshith Rabbah section 20 (play on חַוָּה) ח׳ חִוְיָךְ ואת ח׳ דאדם the serpent is thy (Eve’s) serpent (seducer), and thou art Adam’s serpent. Shabbath 110ᵃ ח׳ דרבנן טרקיה the Rabbis’ serpent bit him, i.e. he was bitten by a serpent as a punishment for disregarding rabbinical ordinances (with referring to Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 10, 8); Avodah Zarah 27ᵇ. Berachoth 12ᵇ זקף כח׳ erected himself (in prayer) like a serpent (raising his head first); and frequently—plural חִיוַּיָּא; (fem. plural) חִיוָּן, חִיוָוָן, חִיוָיָן. Targum Numbers 21, 6, and the following; and frequently—[5. אִוְיָא.] ↗ original
חִיוָּר (חֲוַר) white. Targum Genesis 30, 35; and frequently—Bava Metzia 58ᵇ דאזיל … ואתי ח׳ the red color (of the face) disappears, and the white takes its place; and frequently—plural חִיוְּרִין, חִוָּרִין, חִיוְּרֵי. Targum Zechariah 6, 3 (edition Vilna edition חַוָּ׳); and frequently—Berachoth 28ᵃ, see חַצְבָּא; and frequently—Fem.חִיוָּרָא, חִיוָּו׳, חִיוַּרְתָּא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 13, 4 (edition Berlin edition חַוְרָא); and frequently—(As a noun) white skin, white spot etc. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 22, 22.—Gittin 68ᵃ ח׳ באוכמתא a white spot on a dark skin, see אוּכָּם. the same place (ibid.) 56ᵃ חיורתא (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חִיוָּרִיתָא) white flour, see גּוּשְׁקְרָא; and frequently—plural חִוְּרָן, חַוְּ׳, חִיוְורַן, חִיוָּורָתָא, חִוָּו׳. Targum Leviticus 13, 38, and the following—Berachoth 28ᵃ לית לך ח׳ thou hast no gray hair (art too young for the office); see דָּרָא I. Shabbath 110ᵃ top תליסר חמרי ח׳ thirteen white she-asses. Chullin 7ᵇ; Yoma 49ᵃ דח׳ (ריש) כרעייהו when their legs are white; and frequently [Sanhedrin 98ᵃ חיור גוני, see הֲזָר.]—[Pesachim 42ᵇ מיא דחיורי, see חִיזְרָא 2.] leprous, leper, white-spotted (from disease), blanched. Targum Onkelos Exodus 4, 6 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Amsterdam edition מְהַוְּורָא, Hebrew text מצרעת).—Gittin 68ᵃ טעמא דח׳ the taste of a leprous (white-spotted) animal. Sanhedrin 98ᵇ ח׳ דבי רבי שמו the name of the Messiah is ‘the leper of the house of Rabbi’; and frequently [חמר חיור יין, see חִיוַּרְיַיִן.] ↗ original
חִיוַּרְוָרַיָּא (see the preceding) [dazzling appearances, (compare שַׁבְרִירַיָּא a. Biblical Hebrew סַנְוֵרִים),] temporary loss of direction, bewilderment. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Genesis 19, 11 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) (edition R. חִוַּורְוָורַיָּא; Targum edition חוודרוריא, חווררור׳, חוורר׳), see חֲבַרְבְּרֵי; compare חָרוֹרָא. ↗ original
*חִיוַּרְיַיִן (also חיור יין) proper noun of a place Ḥivvaryayin, Ḥivv’rayin.—חֲמַר ח׳ name of a wine of inferior quality and color, compare בָּרַק. Bava Bathra 97ᵇ חמר חיוריין מהו (Manuscript Hamburg חיור יין, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 20) how about the use of Ḥ. wine for religious purposes?—Kerith. 6ᵃ חמר חיור יין עתיק old Ḥ. wine (used as a substitute of caper wine for soaking onycha); Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᵈ חיורין. ↗ original
חַיּוּתliving, support. Berachoth 61ᵇ במקים חַיּוּתֵנוּ (חַיּוּתֵינוּ) in the element in which we live (the water). Bereshith Rabbah section 20 (play on חַוָּה) ניתנה לו לחַיּוּתוֹ וכ׳ she had been given to him for his strength, but she advised him like a serpent; and elsewhere—plural חַיּוֹת, see next word↗ original
חַיּוּתָאsame, life, livelihood. Yoma 85ᵃ עיקר ח׳ וכ׳ the real life is in the nose (cessation of breath from the nostrils is the main sign of death); Sotah 45ᵇ.—Chullin 19ᵇ כי נפקא ח׳ when life escapes. Bava Bathra 21ᵇ פסקת לה לחַיּוּתָאִי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חַיּוּתִי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 20) thou disturbest my livelihood. Makkoth 10ᵃ עבד ליה ח׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition עביד … מידי דתיהוי ליה ח׳) make life for him so that he may live (give him security of life); the same place (ibid.) עביד ליה מידי דתיהוי ליה ח׳ prepare for him something which secures life (religious study); Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 829; 921.—Gittin 12ᵃ עביד ליה ח׳ טפי you must allow him a more ample living (than under ordinary conditions).—Pesachim 89ᵃ (referring to מהיות, Exodus 12, 4) מחַיּוּתֵיה דשה from the lamb while it is yet alive (you may withdraw). the same place (ibid.) וד"ש סבר מחַיּוֹתָיו דשה Munich manuscript 2 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) מחיותיה, edition מהֲוַיָּיתֵיה) Rabbenu Shimshon says, from the life of the lamb in both senses (during life proper and as long as the blood has not yet been sprinkled; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 70). womb. Bechoroth 21ᵇ, see אֲצַר 2. animal, see next word↗ original
חֵיוְתָא (the preceding) = חֵיוָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 9, 5 חַיּוּתָא. Targum Isaiah 38, 13.—Sanhedrin 74ᵇ, see חֵיוָא. Bava Metzia 5ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) 93ᵃ. Bava Bathra 29ᵇ אוקומי בה ח׳ to place cattle there for grazing. Vayikra Rabbah section 13; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 4, see מְכֵי.—plural חֵיוָתָא, construct state חֵיוַות; חֵיוָון, see חֵיוָא. (see the preceding) living, provision.—plural חֵיוָותָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 35, 11 בתי ח׳ edition pr. (edition חיזותא, correct accordingly) deposits of breadstuff (see מִחְיָה). ↗ original
חִיזּוּק (חָזַק) repairing, supporting. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 5, 22ᵈ bottom of the page לח׳ בתים וכ׳ (the handle of an axe wedged in between two buildings) was intended to support the houses, see דִּיסְתְּקָא. effort, mental energy. Berachoth 32ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Joshua 5. fastening, stringent measures for the protection of the law. Kethuboth 83ᵇ, and elsewhere חכמים עשו ח׳ לדבריהם וכ׳ the scholars protected their own enactments more than the biblical laws. Eruvin 3ᵃ סוכה דאורייתא לא בעי ח׳ וכ׳ the law of Succah being Biblical requires no protection, but that about etc. Kethuboth 56ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original
חִיזֵּק (חָזַק) fastening, band, ring etc. Bamidbar Rabbah section 3, beginning even its bast הולך לח׳ (edition Vilna edition לחִיזּוּק) is used for bandage; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 92, 13 (Bereshith Rabbah section 41 לחבלים). ↗ original
חִיזְקָא , clasp, ring.—plural חִיזְקַיָּא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵇ bottom of the page (explained טבעות, Isaiah 3, 21); compare עִיזְקָא. ↗ original
חִיזְרָא common gender (חזר, compare חֲזִיר) prickly, knotty thorn. Bava Metzia 103ᵇ קני דח׳ וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) variant reading חרזא, חירזא, see Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) under the word ארכבתא) the poles for the shrub (to be put up as a hedge on top of the earth mound) must be supplied by the landlord, but the shrub itself by the tenant. Nedarim 41ᵇ top כח׳ לדיקלא as its prickles protect the palm-tree (see Bamidbar Rabbah section 3, beginning). Berachoth 8ᵃ כח׳ בגבבא דעמרא וכ׳ (Munich manuscript לח׳ דשלפא מגבבא וכ׳) as a thorn in a ball of wool which (if one tries to tear loose) lacerates backward (in the opposite direction of its knots), see נְשַׁר I.—plural חִיזְרֵי. Shabbath 63ᵇ; Betzah 29ᵇ, and elsewhere (proverbial expression) (שקילי … ושדי) שקילא טיבותיך ושדיא אח׳ thy good-natured advice is taken and thrown over the hedge, i.e. thy advice comes too late. a flexible and strong reed, bamboo-cane. Berachoth 12ᵇ כרע כח׳ he bent (in prayer) like a cane (when it is swung). ↗ original
חִיזְרָא ² (חֲזַר; compare הַדְרָאָה) second course, bran. Bava Metzia 60ᵇ מיא דח׳ (Manuscript Florence דחזירא, Manuscript Rome 1 דחִזְרֵי, Manuscript Rome 2 דחזירי) bran-broth (which bloats the animal fed on it); Pesachim 42ᵇ מיא דחיז׳ Munich manuscript, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. other (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note; edition דחיורי, read: דחִיזְרֵי plural), see זוֹמָא I. ↗ original
חיזרין , Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᵇ bottom of the page, see חֲזֶרֶת↗ original
חִיזְרָר (compare חַזְרָר) medlar (Mespilus Azarolus, see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881, p. 288, a. Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Mespile), being considered homogeneous to quincy. [In Mishnah a. Babyl. dialect (עוּזְרָד) עוּזְרָר, but different from הַזְרָר.] Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵃ תפוח ע"ג חיזרד; (Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 3 אוּזְרָד).—plural חוּזְרָרִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 3, 5ᵈ קטנים כח׳ boiled down to the size of medlars; (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 38ᵃ עוזרדין; Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 2, 41ᶜ bottom of the page, see הַזְרָר). ↗ original
חִיטָּא (= Hebrew הִטָּה) wheat. Targum I Chronicles 21, 20. Targum Psalms 81, 17; and elsewhere—Berachoth 58ᵇ חִטֵּי.—the same place (ibid.) 64ᵃ; Bava Bathra 145ᵇ; Horayoth 14ᵃ (proverb) הכל צריכין למרי ח׳ all people depend on the owners of wheat, i.e. sound learning is the bread, while dialectics and homiletics are the spices of study; and frequently glands, nipples, protuberances. Chullin 18ᵇ פגע בח׳ if, in slaughtering, the knife struck the glands near the windpipe. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page ח׳ ביזייא the nipples of the breasts; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᶜ bottom of the page ח׳ מחייא (correct accordingly). 5. חִנְטָא a. חִיטְּתָא. ↗ original
חִיטּוּי (see חטי I, 2) cleansing, purification. Sifré Numbers 126 לכלל ח׳ under the law of purification (referring to Numbers 19, 12, Nazir 61ᵇ טהרה). delicacy, luxury, enjoyment.—plural חִיטּוּיִין. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 2 חיטטין (correct accordingly), see חָטָא I. ↗ original
חִיטּוּיָא (see the preceding , being raised in luxury, being delicate. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 28, 56. [Some edition חִיטוֹיָא.] ↗ original
חִיטְּתָא (see חִיטָּא) wheat crop of a field. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 4, end, 22ᶜ אפי׳ תינתא או ח׳ וכ׳ (edition Krot. חיתטא, correct accordingly) even the crop of figs or of wheat of one field is not like the other. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 6, end, 40ᵃ הדין ח׳, read: חִיטָּא.] ↗ original
חיי (Biblical Hebrew) to live. Tamid 32ᵃ מה … ויִחְיֶה what must man do in order to live (long)?; and very frequently—participleחָי (see חַי).—Kethuboth 1, 6 לא מפיה אנו חָיִין we do not live on what comes from her lips, i.e. we do not go by her evidence. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 26ᶜ bottom of the page אנו כחיין מפיה we (the court) are again in the condition of dependence on her own evidence. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, 34ᵃ top שהן חָיִין מִמֵּי וכ׳ they live (draw nourishment) from the waters of last year; the same place (ibid.) (הוא חָיָיה) הוא חָיָה it draws etc.—Sanhedrin 108ᵃ לא חיין ולא נידונין they have no share in the resurrection nor will they be judged; and frequently to heal; to recover, regain health. Kethuboth 6ᵃ, and elsewhere עד שתִּחְיֶה המכה until the wound is healed up. Chullin 7ᵇ וחָיָה and did recover; וחָיָת and it (the wound) healed up; and frequently [Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 48ᵈ חיתה; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵇ bottom of the page חייתה, see חוּת.] Nif'al נִפְעַל נִחְיָיהto be recalled to life, to resurrect. Avoth 4, 22 והמתים להֵחָיוֹת and the dead are destined to be revived. Sanhedrin 90ᵇ שעתיד להחיות that he (Aaron) will resurrect. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיָּיה, חִיָּהto keep alive, sustain. Tamid 32ᵃ יְחַיֶּה את עצמו let him feed himself (his passions, be selfish). Yoma 71ᵃ מְחַיֶּה חיים He who sustains the living; and frequently to recall to life, to revive. Sanhedrin the passage cited הקב"ה מְחַיֶּיה מתים the Lord revives the dead. the same place (ibid.) מה שאני ממית אני מְחַיֶּה what I put to death, I revive again; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְיָה, הֶחְיָיהsame. the same place (ibid.) 92ᵇ מתים שה׳ יחזקאל the dead whom Ezekiel revived (Ezekiel 37). the same place (ibid.) והַחֲיֵיה מתים וכ׳ and revive the dead in the valley of Dura; and frequently ↗ original
חֲיִי Targum Genesis 5, 3; and very frequently—participle חָאִי, חָיֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 21, 8. Targum Deuteronomy 8, 3; and frequently—Taanith 25ᵃ דחֲיִית … או דחָיֵינָא (see Munich manuscript a. Rashi) is what I have lived more or what I have yet to live? Answ. דחֲיַית what thou hast lived. Sanhedrin 81ᵃ מאן דעביד לכולהו הוא דח׳ will he only live who practiced all these virtues?; and frequently—Chullin 7ᵇ הא קחזינא דחָיֵי but do’nt we see that they do recover?—Sanhedrin 91ᵃ דחָיִין מיתי דמיתי חָיִין if those who live must die, can those who died, live again?; and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל חַיֵּי as the precedingPi. Targum Psalms 71, 20 תְּחַיֵּי (some edition תֶּחִי). Targum Job 36, 6; and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֵי, אַחְיֵי, , אַחְיָיאsame. Targum 2 Kings 8, 1.—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 3, 1; and elsewhere ↗ original
חִיָּיא (abbr. of אֲחִיָּה) Ḥiyya, name of several Amoraim. Esp. R. Ḥ. Robah (the elder, רובה, רבא, רבה), the redactor of the Tosefta in conjunction with R. Oshaya. Taanith 21ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 74ᵈ bottom of the page Kethuboth 103ᵇ; and very frequently—R. Ḥ. of Sepphoris. Yerushalmi (prefix) Orlah 3, 63ᵃ.—R. Ḥ. bar Abba (Ba). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᵃ; and frequently—R. Ḥ. bar Ada I a. 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 48ᵈ top; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 22ᶜ top; and frequently; and many more, see Friedman M’bo, p. 81ᵇ, and the following ↗ original
חַיָּיב (חוּב) debtor. Bava Metzia 12ᵇ בשח׳ מודה when the debtor admits (that the note has not been paid); and frequently (he is) bound, (he is) guilty. Peah 4, 7 ח׳ he is bound (to leave the poor man’s corner). Kethuboth 30ᵇ ולרבא ח׳ and according to Raba’s opinion he must pay; and very frequently—Shabbath 1, 1 ח׳ is guilty (of Sabbath-breaking, eventually bound to bring a guilt-offering); and very frequently—plural חַיָּיבִין. Berachoth 3, 1 ח׳ are bound (to read the Sh’ma); and frequently—Fem.חַיֶּיבֶת. Chagigah 4ᵃ, and elsewhere שהאשה ח׳ בה which woman is bound to observe; and frequently—plural חַיָּיבוֹת. the same place (ibid.); and frequently wicked.—Fem. as ab. Mechilta Beshallach section 1 מלכות ח׳ wicked government (usually רְשָׁעָה). ↗ original
חַיַּיב (the preceding) sinner, wicked man. Targum Genesis 18, 23; and frequently—Echah Rabbah to 2, 1, see חוּב Pa'el—plural חַיָּיבַיָּא, חַיָּיבִין. Targum Job 38, 13. Targum 2 Samuel 22, 5; and frequently—Sanhedrin 91ᵃ; and elsewhere ↗ original
חַיָּיט (denominative of חוּט 3) seamster, tailor, cloth-mender. Shabbath 1, 3; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 8; and frequently—plural חַיָּיטִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 31ᵇ top of the page ↗ original
חַיָּיט ² Bereshith Rabbah section 11; Koheleth Rabbah to 4, 1, see דָּנִיאֵל. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 15, beginning 15ᵃ חיוטא (correct accordingly). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 12, see יוּסְטָא. ↗ original
חַיִיל [surrounding, protection,] army.—plural חֲיָילִים, חֲיָילוֹת. Mechilta Beshallach section 1. the same place (ibid.), Shirah, section 3. the same place (ibid.) 4 לספק אכסניות לכל חֲיָילוֹתָיו to provide pay for all his troops. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 48, 14 (referring to לחֵילָה the same place (ibid.) = לחֵילָהּ) לחֲיָילוֹתֶיהָ וכ׳ to her (Jerusalem’s) hosts that shall enter it (as pilgrims); and frequently strength, health. Bereshith Rabbah section 54 יישר חֵילְכֶם may your strength be confirmed (I thank you)!; Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12 חֵילֵיכֶם; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 103 חֵילֵיכֶן. Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 (referring to Proverbs 31, 3) זה חֵילָהּ של תורה that is the strength which the Law gives.—בְּרוֹר חַ׳, see בְּרוֹר↗ original
חיילותא , Targum Song of Songs 8, 4, read: חֵילְוָת׳, see חֵילָא↗ original
חַיִּיםlife, support; health. Shabbath 33ᵇ חַיֵּי עולם everlasting life (future world), ח׳ שעה temporary life (physical wants).—חיי נפש necessaries of life. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 9, 42ᶜ the support of the poor of one’s own place. Pesachim 113ᵇ חַיֵּיהֶם אינם חיים whose life is no life (deserving the name); and very frequently—חַיֶּיךָ, בְּחַ׳ by thy life!, as thou livest! Vayikra Rabbah section 15; and very frequently—Berachoth 3ᵃ, and elsewhere חַיֶּיךָ וחַיֵּי ראשך by thy life, and by thy head!—יורד עמו (עד) לחַיָּיו persecutes him even as far as to deprive him of his livelihood. Kiddushin 28ᵃ. Shemoth Rabbah section 1, beginning; and frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 19 בית חַיֵּינוּ our house of life (the Temple). Mechilta Yithro, Amal., section 2 (referring to Exodus 18, 20) הודע להם בית חַיֵּיהֶם make known to them their house of life (prayer, study; see Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus the passage cited); Bava Metzia 30ᵇ; Bava Kamma 99ᵇ, and the following (see commentary or commentaries).—[חַיִּים the living ones, see חַי.] ↗ original
חַיִּין Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 45, 28. Targum Genesis 2, 7. the same place (ibid.) 9 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Amsterdam edition חַיָּיא); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ top חייא דאהן וכ׳ Oh, what a (blessed) life that man has led that etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᵈ חיוי (correct accordingly; Bereshith Rabbah section 59 חמון וכ׳). Bava Bathra 58ᵇ בראש כל חיין אנא חמר at the head of all life-giving things, am 1, the wine. Shabbath 67ᵇ (drinking toast) חמרא וח׳ וכ׳ wine and health to our teachers!; and frequently ↗ original
חַיִיס 1 (חוּס 2) connection, relationship, legally recognized ancestry or descent. Kiddushin 69ᵃ עבד אין לו ח׳ a slave has no legal relations (paternity); Yevamoth 23ᵃ. Bava Kamma 88ᵃ שאין להם ח׳ בנים who have no legitimate sons (i.e. slaves); שאין להם ח׳ אבות who have no legitimate parentage. the same place (ibid.) גר נהי דאין לו ח׳ למעלה וכ׳ the proselyte, though he has no relationship upwards (with his relations before his conversion), has relations downwards (with his children born in Judaism); and elsewhere ↗ original
חַיִיס 2 (חוּס 1) protection. Mechilta Bo, Pisḥa, section 11, see חָסִית 2. ↗ original
חַיִיץ a. Chaldaic (Aramaic)) a pile of loose and uneven material, a rough extemporised embankment, opposite to earth-covered and finished. Shevi'ith 3, 8 עושה הוא ח׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition עוֹשֵׂהוּ) he may make (it) a loose embankment; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 34ᵈ מהו ח׳ חָיֵּיץ ליה what is ḥayits? He partitions it up (referring to Ezekiel 13, 10, see Targum a. Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)). ↗ original
חַיְיתָא 1 (adjective), see (adjective), see חַי. (noun) living creature. Targum Onkelos Genesis 1, 28. the same place (ibid.) 30 חַיַת (construct state); and elsewhere ↗ original
חַיְיתָא 2lying-in woman. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 28, 12 (compare Taanith 2ᵃ, and the following). Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 2 ולמה … לה ח׳ וכ׳ and why do they call her ḥay’tha? Because she was dying and is recovering.—3) midwife. Targum Genesis 35, 17.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 5, 30ᵃ, see חֲכַם. Bereshith Rabbah section 60 (proverb) בין ח׳ למחבלתא וכ׳ between the midwife and the travailing woman, the child of the poor woman dies.—plural חַיָּיתָא, חַיָּ׳. Targum Exodus 1, 15.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 13, end, 16ᶜ שאלון לח׳ ask the midwives (about their usages on the Sabbath); אמרה ליה ליכא חַיָּיא said she to him, there is no midwife (in the place). ↗ original
חַיְּיתָא 3 , see 2 Samuel 23, 13) encampment, lodge. Targum Psalms 68, 11. Targum 2 Samuel 23, 11. ↗ original
חַיְּיתָא (חות, compare נְחַת a. Syriac (Peshitta) חתאpera a. trabs, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1408) pouch, bag. Gittin 45ᵇ ח׳ דתפילי a bag containing T’fillin. Chullin 45ᵃ (by play on חייתאlife a. bag) וסימניך ח׳ דמתנח ביה וכ׳ and thy sign (to remember which of the two skins is essential for life), the bag in which the cerebrum lies. Kethuboth 93ᵃ; Bava Kamma 9ᵃ, and elsewhere ח׳ דקטרי וכ׳ thou wast satisfied to buy a pouch sealed with knots, i.e. it is your fault that you did not examine the purchase.—Gittin 47ᵃ, see גַּלְגַּלְתָּא. the same place (ibid.) כל … אמחיה ח׳ ופלגא I will give each of you one blow with the whole bag, and one blow with half of it. ↗ original
חֵיךְpalate; taste. Bereshith Rabbah section 99 (play on חכלילי, Genesis 49, 12) חִיכִּי ערב לי the taste in my mouth is sweet to me (Matt. K. חִיכּוֹ its taste); חיך לי לי sweet taste is mine, is mine; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 160; Kethuboth 111ᵇ כל ח׳ שטועמו וכ׳ every palate which tastes it, says, (Give) me; Tanchuma Vayḥi 10 ח׳ לי לי מיינה וכ׳ (give) me a taste of the wine of the Law.—Transferred (compare טַעַם) good sense, persuasive word. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 16 (referring to חִכּוֹ, the same place (ibid.)) יש לך ח׳ גדול (מתוק) מזה is there anything more persuasive than this? ↗ original
חֵיל 1 (חוּל, see חַיִיל) surrounding, especially Ḥel, a place within the fortification of the Temple. Middoth 1, 5. Sanhedrin 88ᵇ. Parah 3, 11; Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 19, 9; and frequently ↗ original
חִיל , Pa'elחַיֵּיל, חַיֵּל (denominative of חֵילָא) to strengthen. Targum Job 4, 4. the same place (ibid.) 16, 5 (incorr. edition אאח׳); and elsewhere to serve. Targum Numbers 4, 23; and elsewhere Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַיֵּילto be strengthened. Targum Job 6, 16; and frequently to move into war, to gather together. Targum Numbers 31, 7. Targum Job 10, 17 (some edition מתייחל׳, correct accordingly). ↗ original
חֵיל 2 (see חַיִל) (adjective) strong. Targum Job 8, 2 manuscript (edition רַבָּא). Kethuboth 62ᵃ דחיל מר כולי האי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) (variant reading דחֵילָא דמר; edition דהכי) that you are so strong (that such is your strength). (noun) strength. Targum Job 20, 11 (edition Lagarde edition חִיּוּל׳; some edition חֲיָיל׳). Targum Proverbs 5, 10; and frequently—Kethuboth 62ᵃ, see above. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 4, beginning 9ᶜ עד דהוה חֵילָךְ עלך while thou wast yet in thy strength (of manhood). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 4, 6ᵇ לית בחֲיָילִי I cannot do it. Bava Metzia 84ᵃ חילך לאורייתא give thy physical strength to the study of the Law; and frequently—Transferred logical support, evidence, argument. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 5, 32ᵃ top נסיב חֲיָילֵיה מן וכ׳ borrowed his argument from etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 49ᵇ top; and elsewhere army, host; service. Targum Numbers 1, 3; and frequently—Targum Psalms 68, 12 manuscript (edition חֵילְוַת).—plural חֵילַיָּא, construct state חֵילֵי; חֵילְוָתָא, construct state חֵילְוַת. Targum Exodus 12, 41. Targum I Kings 22, 19; and frequently—Targum Psalms 33, 16; and frequently Targum 2 Esther 1, 4 edition Amsterdam edition חֶלְוָתָא. Targum Psalms 44, 10 edition Lagarde edition חֵילְוָתָנָא (other edition חֵילְוָנָא, חַלְוָנָא).—Chullin 60ᵃ נפישן חֵילְוָותֵיה (not נפישי) his troops are too numerous. ↗ original
חֵילָה = חוֹלָה 2, dance, song; rejoicing. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 48, 14 ד"א לח׳ לשירה another interpretation (see חַיִיל), l’ḥelah (Psalms the passage cited) means, to song; עתיד הקב"ה לעשות ח׳ וכ׳, see חוֹלָה 2.—Devarim Rabbah section 1 (referring to התחולל Psalms 37, 7) when afflictions befall thee, קבל אותן בח׳ receive them with rejoicing; (Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 729 כחוֹלְלִים like dancers). ↗ original
חִילּוּי (חָלָה, Pi'el) sweetening, softening; in a transferred sense entreaty, ḥilluy, one of the expressions for prayer (see זְעָקָה). Shemoth Rabbah section 43 (referring to ויחל, Exodus 32, 11) לשון ח׳ it means sweetening.—Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 811; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 157; (Sifré Deuteronomy section 26 חילול, correct accordingly). ↗ original
חִילּוּל (חָלַל) desecration, defamation. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 6, end, 37ᵇ ח׳ שבועה the desecration committed by an unnecessary oath. Shabbath 33ᵃ, and frequently ח׳ שבת desecration of the Sabbath; ח׳ השם defamation of the Name of the Lord, disgracing the Jewish religion. Yoma 86ᵃ ה"ד ח׳ השם what act, for instance, would be a profanation etc.?—Kiddushin 40ᵃ אין מקיפין בח׳ וכ׳, see נָקַף I, 2. Berachoth 19ᵇ; and frequently redemption of sacred objects, secularization. the same place (ibid.) 35ᵃ טעון ח׳ requires redemption. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 2, beginning 51ᵈ משמשין לשון ח׳ mean redemption; and frequently—plural חִילּוּלִים, חִלּ׳. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵇ bottom of the page (interpret. הלולים, Leviticus 19, 24), see ה"א. the loss of priestly status, becoming a ḥalal (see חָלָל 2). Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 7, 44ᵈ bottom of the page את שחִילּוּלָהּ וכ׳ whose loss of priesthood was caused by etc.—plural חִילּוּלִין, חִלּ׳. Kethuboth 29ᵇ ח׳ הוא עושה he causes loss of priesthood (to his offspring). Sanhedrin 50ᵇ בחִילּוּלֵי שבזנות וכ׳ the text speaks of desecration effected through illicit intercourse (not of Sabbath breaking).—[Sifré Deuteronomy section 26, see the preceding word] ↗ original
חִילּוּף (חָלַף) exchange, relief.—plural חִילּוּפִים, חִילּוּפִיןthose who relieve. Berachoth 3, 1 the carriers וחִילּוּפֵיהֶן וחִילּוּפֵי וכ׳ and those designated to relieve them, and those who are to relieve the relief.—Bereshith Rabbah section 91 יש להם ח׳ can be replaced; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᶜ חֲלִיפִין). Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 (referring to חלוף, Proverbs 31, 8) שהן חִלּוּפֵי אביהם for they take the place of their father; and frequently the contrary, reverse. Avodah Zarah 46ᵇ או ח׳ is it not rather the reverse?; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 67ᵃ או חֵלֶף); Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 45ᵇ top; and frequently—ח׳ הדברים the things are just the reverse. Avodah Zarah 51ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 2, 41ᶜ bottom of the page; and frequently—plural as ab. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᵇ top אבל בגוים ח׳ but as regards gentiles, the opposite takes place. ↗ original
חִילּוּפָאopposite, reverse. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 11, 26; and elsewhere—Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ, and the following וח׳ סכנתא and to do the reverse is dangerous.—plural חִילּוּפִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, 40ᵈ top לא מסתברא אלא ח׳ the reverse stands to reason; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 1, 33ᵇ bottom of the page דאילא ח׳ (correct accordingly).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 4, 45ᵈ bottom of the page לא מסתברא ח׳ does not the reverse stand to reason? exchange, substitute. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 27, 10.—plural construct state חִילּוּפֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 18, 31 in exchange of; and elsewhere (plural) change from life to death. from life to death. Targum Job 14, 14. (plural) crisis, decision. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 17ᵇ bottom of the page things were coming לידי ח׳ to a crisis (either David or Absalom must be king); Bamidbar Rabbah section 9. ↗ original
חִילּוּק (חָלַק) distribution. Kethuboth 2, 1 ח׳ קליות וכ׳ testifying to the distribution of roasted ears (at the wedding) is an evidence (of the bride having been a virgin). Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 1 ח׳ גרנות taking a share at the distribution of priest’s gifts of the threshing floor; and frequently division, separation, specification. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, end, 9ᶜ bottom of the page יצא … לח׳ it was specified, after being implicitly intimated, for division of the general law, i.e. that each of the implied acts is punishable for itself. Babylonian Shabbath 70ᵃ ח׳ מלאכות the separate treatment of each labor as a transgression of the Sabbath law. Makkoth 21ᵇ; and frequently [חלוקי כפרה, see חָלק.] ↗ original
חֵילֶף (חלף) a species of rush (so named from its sharp edges, see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Targum Dictionary 1, 4251, a. Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Schoenus). Tosefta Sukkah 1, 10 של קנים ושל ח׳ (a matting) of reeds or rushes; Sukkah 20ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חילת, Munich manuscript חולית). Sotah 49ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חילת).—Kelim 17, 17.—[plural חִילְפִין, see חֲלִיפִין a. חֵלֶף.] ↗ original
חִילְפָא 1 Gittin 68ᵇ bottom of the page—plural חִילְפֵי, חִלְ׳. Chullin 62ᵇ, see כְּרָזָא.—ח׳ דְיַמָּא sea-rush, Schoenanth, Juncus odoratus (see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881, p. 168; Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Schoenus), a spice. Gittin the passage cited חילפא וח׳ דימא rush and sea-rush. Berachoth 43ᵇ.—[Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 21, 12 only חילפי, see גַּלִּי.] ↗ original
חִילְפָא 2 (חלף) a species of willow with serried leaves (see the preceding; Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Targum Dictionary 1, 4251 “so called from its fast growth”). Sukkah 34ᵃ משכחת לה בח׳ גילא Munich manuscript a. Rashi (edition כי תניא האי בח׳ וכ׳) (‘a willow the leaves of which are not serried like the teeth of a saw, but like those of a sickle’) refers to a willow with rounded leaves.—[the same place (ibid.) ח׳ ערבתא Rashi, see חִלְפְתָא.]—plural חִילְפֵי. Shabbath 152ᵃ סבותא כלילא דח׳ old age is a crown of willow rods (heavy to wear). the same place (ibid.) 77ᵇ. Sanhedrin 44ᵃ, see אָסָא 3. ↗ original
חִילְפָא 3 = Hebrew חֲלִיפִין, shoots rising out of a trunk. Chullin 110ᵃ קדחי בהו ח׳ shoots had made their way through them (proving that the peats of grapes deposited there had been abandoned by its owner). ↗ original
חִילְפַיḤilfay (Graecised Ἀλφαῖος, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1292), an Amora (in Babli אִילְפָא, אִילְפַי). Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 2, 49ᵈ bottom of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 6, end, 31ᵃ; and elsewhere Ḥ., grandson of R. Abbahu. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 2, 64ᵈ top of the page ↗ original
חֵילֶק 1ḥelek, name of a small fish preserved in brine, ḥelek-brine. [Latin: alec, alex, halec, allec, the variations indicating foreign origin; compare חֶילְקָא 2.] Avodah Zarah 2, 6 (Mishnah Nap. חלק). the same place (ibid.) 39ᵃ, explained סוּלְתָּנִית. the same place (ibid.) 34ᵇ ח׳ אומן ḥelek-brine prepared by a professional man. ↗ original
חֵילֶק 2 (חָלַק) a tree too smooth for climbing, young or clipped tree. . Peah 4, 1 ח׳ אגוזים Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Babylonian edition a. Mishnah חֲלִיקֵי) smooth nut trees. ↗ original
חִילָּקḤillak, a fictitious name, see בִּילָּק. ↗ original
חֶילְקָא 2 (חָלַק; compare Lat. alica, halica, a. חֵילֶק I) split grain, grist, spelt used for halica (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Alica). Makhshirin 6, 2 חילקה Mishnah (Talmud edition חֲלִיקָה). Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᶜ bottom of the page Moed Katan 13ᵇ ח׳ חדא לתרתי it is called ḥelka when each grain is broken in two parts; Berachoth 37ᵃ manuscript ח׳ דמתברי באסיתא תרתי תרתיḥilka is wheat pounded etc.—Moed Katan the passage cited (another opinion) ח׳ כונתא ḥ. is spelt. the same place (ibid.) it is called ḥelka (smooth), דשקיל חלקייהו Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition דשקל) because its husks have been taken off (compare חֵילֶק 2); see חִלְקָא. ↗ original
חֵילַשׁ construct state (see חָלַשׁ) (something rounded, hollow, see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1295 חלשא specillum) reed. Targum Zechariah 11, 13 חי׳ כתבא (edition Lagarde edition חלש, edition Venice חִילַּשׁ) writing reed. ↗ original
חֵילַת 2Ḥelath. Targum Ezekiel 27, 18 (Hebrew text חֶלְבּוֹן, see Schrader KAT2 p. 425, and the following); compare חִילְתִּית a. חֶלְבְּנָה—Bava Bathra 74ᵇ ימה של ח׳ (Munich manuscript שחלי׳); Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 697; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, end, 32ᶜ ימא דמילחא).] ↗ original
חֵילְתָא (חלל) hollow, glen, valley. Targum Deuteronomy 3, 29. Targum Isaiah 28, 1; and elsewhere—plural (masculine) חֵילַיָּא. the same place (ibid.) 40, 4; and elsewhere—[Bava Bathra 74ᵇ, see חוּלְתָּא.] ↗ original
חִילְתִּית (see חֵילַת 2) assa foetida, an umbelliferous plant used, as a resin or in leaves, for a spice and for medicinal purposes. ʿUktsin 3, 5. Shabbath 20, 3 (140ᵃ) אין שורין את הח׳ וכ׳ (Mishnah edition חִילְתִּין) you must not dissolve the resin of asa-foetida in warm water (on the Sabbath). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 20, 17ᶜ bottom of the page מי ח׳ a solution of etc. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ עצמה וכ׳asaf. itself is used in food for healthy persons. Chullin 58ᵇ (distinction between the medicinal properties of the gum and those of the leaves). Avodah Zarah 2, 6 קורט של ח׳ tears of etc. (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) עלה וכ׳ leaves). Sifré Deuteronomy section 107; and frequently ↗ original
חִילְתִּיתָא Avodah Zarah 39ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 7, 37ᶜ top חלתותא (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חִימּוּד (חָמַד) desire, lust. Niddah 20ᵇ דם ח׳ discharge of blood owing to sexual appetite. ↗ original
חִימּוּם (חָמַם) warming, sitting in the sun. Bereshith Rabbah section 48 הח׳ יפה וכ׳ basking in the sunshine is good for a wound; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 82 החמין (correct accordingly). heated state, excitement. Moed Katan 24ᵃ בשעת ח׳ at the moment of excitement (immediately after a death in the family). Yoma 18ᵃ לידי ח׳ to sexual excitement (pollution). a spice, see חֲמָם. ↗ original
חִימּוּס (חָמַס) violence, oppression. Bereshith Rabbah section 31, beginning ח׳ ממון oppression in money affairs, ח׳ דברים violence in speech (blasphemous language). ↗ original
חִימּוּעַ masculine Chaldaic (Aramaic) (חמע) = next word Pesachim 39ᵇ, and the following Munich manuscript (edition חִימּוּץ). ↗ original
חִימּוּץ (חָמֵץ 1) becoming sour, fermentation, leavening. Pesachim 39ᵇ שאינן באין לידי ח׳ which will not ferment (so as to become חָמֵץ). the same place (ibid.), and the following (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) diction) ואתי לידי ח׳ and may ferment. Betzah 7ᵇ שחִמּוּצוֹ קשה which is a strong leavening agent. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 1, beginning 57ᵃ אין חִימּוּצוֹ חמץ ברור the fermentation which it produces is not real leavening. Niddah 63ᵃ כמה חִמּוּצָן how long must urin stand to be considered as fermenting?—plural חִימּוּצִיןsalads, see חוּמְצָן. ↗ original
חִימּוּצָא (חמץ, see Ges. H. Dictionary10 under the word חמץ) shame. Targum Proverbs 17, 21 (Hebrew text תוגה). ↗ original
חִימּוּצָתָא (חמץ, see Ges. H. Dictionary10 under the word חמץ; compare Isaiah 63, scarlet-colored garments, in gen. ח׳ רוֹמְיָתָא dyed Roman garments, contradistinguished to white (compare אוֹלָרִין a. בּוּרְדִּיקָא). Moed Katan 23ᵃ ח׳ ר׳ סומקתא חדתי edition Munich manuscript חימוציאתא דרומי, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) המיצתא, Musafia חמיצתא) Roman dyed garments, red and new. ↗ original
חימסא , Bereshith Rabbah section 45 some edition, see חָמַס↗ original
חִימְצָא a species of small peas (Cicer Arietanus).—plural חִימְצֵי. Yevamoth 63ᵃ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חוּ׳). Chullin 52ᵇ (some edition חִמְצֵי). see הִימְצָא↗ original
חֵימָרָא , asphalt (from its dark color, Ges. H. Dictionary10 under the word), used as cement. Targum Onkelos Genesis 11, 3. Targum Exodus 2, 3.—Targum 2 Esther 3, 3 וריחא דגלגלוי כחוּמָרָא edition Lagarde edition (other edition וריחא לגלוי בחו׳, read: דגַלּוֹי כח׳) and the odor of its billows is like that of asphalt. ↗ original
חֵימְתָא , anger, passion. Targum Proverbs 27, 4. the same place (ibid.) 29, 11 (some edition חוּ׳); and elsewhere ↗ original
חִינְגָּא (חגג, with נ inserted) circle; dancing, chorus, feast.—plural חִינְגַּיָא, חִינְגִּין, חִינְגֵּי, חִנְ׳. Targum Judges 9, 27 (vintage feast).—Gittin 57ᵃ, see הִילּוּלָא. dancing place in the vineyards (see מָחוֹל). Targum Lamentations 1, 4 (compare Taanith 4, 8).—plural as ab. Targum Judges 21, 21; 23. Targum I Samuel 18, 6. ḥinga, name of a musical instrument (Hebrew . Pesachim 111ᵇ תלו ח׳ בגויה they had aḥ. suspended in the hollow of the tree.—plural as ab. Targum I Kings 1, 40. Targum Psalms 5, 1 (Hebrew text נחילות). the same place (ibid.) 150, 4; and frequently fair, especially cattle market. Shabbath 54ᵇ; Betzah 33ᵃ כמאן דאזיל לח׳ like one going with his beast to market. ↗ original
חִינּוּגָא (חַנֵּג, a denominative of חִנְגָּא) festivity. Targum Lamentations 5, 15.—plural חִינּוּגִין. the same place (ibid.) 1, 4. ↗ original
חִינּוּךְ (חָנַךְ) finishing. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᵈ top איזהו ח׳ קברים what finishing of tombs (is meant in the Mishn. the same place (ibid.) 6)? inauguration. Menachoth 78ᵃ חִינּוּכוֹ his inauguration as a common priest, contradistinguished to המשחו his anointment as highpriest. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 50ᵈ top חִינּוּכוֹ his (the highpriest’s) inauguration. gradual introduction of children into religious practice, training. Yoma 82ᵃ אי זה ח׳ wherein does the child’s training (to fast on the Day of Atonement) consist?—the same place (ibid.) ומי קרי לח׳ השלמה is fasting the entire day called initiation?—Nazir 29ᵃ ח׳ מדרבנן the training of minors for religious practices is a rabbinically ordained duty; and elsewhere ↗ original
חִינּוּכָא —plural חִינּוּכֵי, חִנּ׳. Yoma 82ᵃ תרי ח׳ הוו there are two modes of initiation (gradual training to fasting by hours, and making the child fast a whole day before he has reached religious maturity). ↗ original
חִינּוּן (חָנַן) prayer for grace, ḥinnun, one of the expressions for prayer, see זְעָקָה. Sifré Deuteronomy section 26 (referring to Deuteronomy 3, 23); (Devarim Rabbah section 2 תחנונים; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 157; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 811 תחנה). ↗ original
חינוניתא , Sotah 49ᵃ, see דַּהֲנוּנִיתָא. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word חן: Ḥinnunitha, proper noun of a place] ↗ original
חִינְכֵי , jaws. Gittin 69ᵃ לח׳ for pains of the jaws. Bava Kamma 35ᵃ כייבין ליה חִינְכֵיה Manuscript Hamburg (edition כיבין) had pains in his jaws. ↗ original
חִינְנָאHin’na, name of several Amoraim. [Vers. frequ. vary with הנינא, חגא). Pesachim 75ᵃ רב ח׳ סבא (Munich manuscript חגא).—the same place (ibid.) Ḥ. bar Idi (Munich manuscript חנינא). Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 2, beginning 53ᵇ; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 8, 45ᵃ top חנניה); and frequently 5. Friedman M’bo, p. 84ᵃ, and the following ↗ original
חִיסּוּד (חָסַד 2) shame, rebuke; revilement.—plural חִיסּוּדִים. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shekalim, p. 12ᵇ (referring to וחסד וכ׳, Proverbs 14, 34) מקבלין … ח׳ וכ׳ the Israelites must bear reproaches from the nations, when they sin. ↗ original
חִיסּוּדָא Targum Onkelos Genesis 34, 14 (edition Berlin edition חִיסְדָּא). Targum Proverbs 14, 31; section frequently (interch. in edition with חִיסְדָּא, חִסְרָּ׳).—plural חִיסּוּדִין, חִסּ׳. Targum Isaiah 37, 3; and elsewhere ↗ original
חִיסּוּלָא (חֲסַל) finished work, perfection.—plural חִיסּוּלִין, חִסּ׳. Targum Psalms 103, 2 חִיסּוּלוֹי His perfect deeds (see Berachoth 10ᵃ, Hebrew text גמוליו). ↗ original
חִיסּוּם (חָסַם 2) [finish, polish,] the steel-coating of cutting tools, steel-edge (compare אִסְטְמָא). Kelim 13, 4 נטל חִיסּוּמָן if their steel-edge is worn off. varnish, coating, uppermost layer. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 14ᵃ אין הארץ … לפי חִיסּוּמָה the earth drinks (absorbs the rain) only as far as its upper layer (crust) goes; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᵇ; Bereshith Rabbah section 13, end; and elsewhere—Tosefta ʿUktsin 2, 4 (T’bul Yom) ח׳ העליון (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) סל) the uppermost layer of the bone. ↗ original
חִיסּוּר (חָסַר) lack, want. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 11 אם חסרה ח׳ וכ׳ if she is suffering from the absence of one of them. ↗ original
חִיסָּכוֹן (חָסַךְ) sparing, regard to expense in religious laws. Menachoth 86ᵇ (explained התורה חסה וכ׳, see חוּס); the same place (ibid.) 76ᵇ חיסחון (manuscript Vatic. חיסכ׳); and elsewhere ↗ original
חִיפָּא (חפף 1; compare Biblical Hebrew חֹף) border in webs. Shabbath 96ᵇ מטו הדדי בח׳ Munich manuscript (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חִיפָּה, חִפָּה, edition חֶפֶת, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) the weavers, if placed near each other, would have touched one another on making the border. ↗ original
חֵיפָה 1Ḥaifā, Beth-Ḥaifā, a harbor of the Mediterranean Sea, south of Ptolemais. Shabbath 26ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 2, 20ᵃ top (חיפא). Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 7 חיפס (correct accordingly). Megillah 24ᵇ בית ח׳ (Munich manuscript only ח׳).—Denom. חֵיפָנִי an inhabitant of Ḥ (noted for indiscriminate pronunciation of א a. ע). the same place (ibid.)—plural חֵיפָנִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᵈ bottom of the page, see ה"א.—5. חֵפָנִי. ↗ original
חֵיפָה 2 (or חִיפָּה) feminine (חפף 1, חוף) ḥefa (or ḥippa) a skin which has been salted, but has not gone through the consecutive stages of tanning with flour and gall-nut. Shabbath 79ᵃ; Gittin 22ᵃ. Sifra Sh’mini, Sh’ratsim, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 7, Parah 6 עור האֵיפָה. ↗ original
חֵיפָה 3Ḥefa (= עֵיפָא). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 2, 37ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 3, 34ᵈ top, (Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 28ᵇ עֵיפָא, Manuscript Florence איפה). Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 56ᵇ top of the page ↗ original
חִיפּוּפֵי (חפף 1; compare חִיפָּא) border-stones, pegs or stakes along the road, to prevent vehicles from trespassing on private property. [Rashi: from חפף 2, pegs against which vehicles rub.] Shabbath 6ᵃ ↗ original
חִיפּוּפִין masculine plural Hebrew, construct state חִיפּוּפֵי same. Kethuboth 24ᵇ ↗ original
חִיפּוּפִיתָא (חפף 2) scabs, scurf, arising from uncleanness. Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 787 (frequently Nedarim 81ᵃ, where edition have עִירְבּוּבִיתָא, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חרפופיתא, see Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word חרף). 5. חֲפָפִית. ↗ original
חִיפּוּשׂ (חָפַשׂ) search, use of the rootחפש. Pesachim 7ᵇ we learn מציאה מח׳ the meaning of מצא (Exodus 12, 19) from the expression חפש (connected with מצא, Genesis 44, 12), i.e. you must search after leavened bread before Passover, etc. ↗ original
חִיפּוּשָׁא [mud-fish,] name of an unclean fish. Avodah Zarah 39ᵃ דהיה דמי לה׳ (manuscript לאי׳). 5. חָפִיתָא. ↗ original
חִיפּוּשִׂית (חָפַשׂ) scarabee, beetle. Sifra Sh’mini, Sh’ratsim, Parah 10, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12; Chullin 67ᵇ.—Parah 9, 2 (doubtful; perh. scorpion, see next word). ↗ original
חִיפּוּשִׂיתָא Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1 (proverb) מה ילדת ח׳ וכ׳ what does the beetle beget? Insects worse than itself; (Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 134 חפושית, explained scorpion).—Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ ח׳ גמלניתא a large-sized beetle (Rashi: ‘hanneton’, cockchafer). ↗ original
חִיצָא (חוּץ 1) partition, screen.—plural חִיצָאוֹת. Bereshith Rabbah section 28 מפקיע בח׳ breaking into the screens (of the bridal chamber); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 47 בחַיְיצָאוֹת. ↗ original
חִיצָה 1 (or חוּצָה) feminine (חוּץ 2, compare חָלִילָה) a strange act, unnatural deed. Pesikta Rabbati section 40 (play on חצה, Isaiah 33, 7) חי׳ כתב read ḥitsah, the angels cried חי׳ היא בידך מכושיני (read: מיכוס יתיה) it is unnatural on thy part to have him (Isaac) slaughtered; Bereshith Rabbah section 56 ח׳ היא בִּרְיָה וכ׳ it is an outrage! A creature to kill his own son!; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 303 חו׳ היא לך חו׳ היא לאבא למיכס ית בריה; Echah Rabbah to 1, 2 חי׳ היא גביה וכ׳ it is unnatural for him (Abraham) etc., compare בָּרָיָיה. ↗ original
חִיצָה 2 (חוּץ, compare חַיִץ) partition, only in חִיצַת קניםsingle reeds planted around a well. Eruvin 15ᵃ; 19ᵇ; Sukkah 24ᵇ מחיצת; Tosefta Eruvin 2, 4 (variant reading מחיצת); (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 20ᵃ אישות).—Tosefta Shevi'ith 3, 19 חישת edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading חִיצוֹת plural). 5. חִישָׁה. ↗ original
חִיצּוּי (חָצָה) dividing off, especially dividing the altar into two compartments by means of a net (Exodus 27, 5). Zevachim 119ᵇ יש ח׳ division is required. ↗ original
חִיצוֹןouter, external. Zevachim 5, 1 מזבת הח׳ the outer altar (in the Temple court); and frequently—Niddah 5, 1 בית הח׳ vagina.—Fem. חִיצוֹנָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 1, 3ᵃ, see חוּצָה 2.—Bamidbar Rabbah section 18 משנה הח׳ = בָּרַיְיתָא.—plural חִיצוֹנוֹת. Shabbath 31ᵇ מפתחות הח׳ the outside keys (of the treasury); Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 855; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 302; En Yakob Shabbath the passage cited (מפתחות) החִיצוֹנִית the keys to the outer room. ↗ original
חִיצוֹנִי (the preceding) strange; separatist; heretical.—plural חִיצוֹנִים. Megillah 4, 8 (24ᵇ) דרך הח׳ the manner of the separatists (who follow their own interpretations of the Law, irrespective of public usages). Sanhedrin 10, 1 (90ᵃ) ספרים הח׳ profane books, explained Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 28ᵃ top; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 100ᵇ.—Fem.חִיצוֹנית, see the preceding↗ original
חֵיקlap, bosom, embrace. Moed Katan 24ᵃ a child יוצא בח׳ is carried out in one’s arms (without a coffin); Kiddushin 80ᵇ; Treatise Smachoth, Treatise 3, 2.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, beginning 81ᶜ הניח ה׳ אמו וכ׳ left his mother’s lap (Palestine). Tosefta Yevamoth 9, 4 מח׳ בעלה directly from the embrace of her husband; and elsewhere receptacle, cavity, bottom. Menachoth 97ᵇ; Eruvin 4ᵃ (referring to Ezekiel 43, 17), see יְסוֹד. ↗ original
חִיקוֹק (see Joshua 19, 34; I Chronicles 6, 60) Ḥikok (Ḥukok), in Northern Palestine. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 9, beginning 38ᶜ.—Denom.: חִיקוֹקָאָה, חִיקוֹקָיָא (חֲקוֹקָאָה, חֲקוֹקָא, חֲקוֹקָה) masculine of Ḥ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 1, 27ᶜ bottom of the page יוחנן חי׳; Babylonian Pesachim 3ᵇ חק׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note); and elsewhere ↗ original
חָיְרָא , Targum Psalms 57, 5, some edition, see חֲרִי↗ original
חִירָה (חוּר) cavernous rocks resembling human figures. Mechilta Beshallach section 1 (referring to Pi-Haḥiroth, Exodus 14, מה ח׳ וכ׳ what was the nature of these rocks?—They were not slanting but abrupt etc. the same place (ibid.) הח׳ מצד וכ׳ the rocks were on one side, and Migdol etc. the same place (ibid.) איו ח׳ אלא מקום חֵירוּתָן וכ׳ḥiroth means the place of Israel’s liberty (licentiousness); Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 230; Bamidbar Rabbah section 20. ↗ original
חֵירוּם (חָרַם) exclusion, disassociation, especially interdiction of travel between two countries at war with each other. Bava Bathra 38ᵃ בשעת ח׳ at a time when commercial intercourse was cut off. the same place (ibid.) 38ᵇ יהודה … ח׳ דמו Judaea and Galilee are generally to be considered as if in a state of interdiction (possession in one country is no valid claim when the owner lived in the other); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 14ᵃ top of the page ↗ original
חֵירוּף (חָרַף) blasphemy.—plural חֵירוּפִין, חֵר׳. Shemoth Rabbah section 41, beginning Vayikra Rabbah section 7; and frequently ↗ original
חֵירוּפָאsame. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 16, 27. ↗ original
חֵירוּת (חוֹר 2) freedom, liberty, libertinism; leisure. Mechilta Beshallach section 1, see חִירָה. Gittin 42ᵃ יצא לח׳ becomes free (the same place (ibid.) 8ᵇ, and frequently בן חוֹרִין). Eruvin 54ᵃ (play on חָרוּת, Exodus 32, 16) א"ת חרות אלא חי׳ read not ḥaruth (engraven) but ḥeruth (liberty) on the tablets (you are free, if you observe the law); Shemoth Rabbah section 32, beginning ח׳ מן המלכיות liberation from political oppression, ח׳ ממלאך המות liberation from the angel of death (pestilence); and frequently ↗ original
חֵירוּת ² Targum Leviticus 25, 10. Targum Isaiah 61, 1; and elsewhere ↗ original
חִירְזָא (חֲרַז) a thorny shrub used for hedges. Bava Metzia 103ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) variant reading, see חִיזְרָא I. ↗ original
חִירְחוּר (חִרְחֵר) heated contest. Gittin 57ᵇ (referring to Job 5, 2) בחִירְחוּרֵי לשון תחבא in the contests of the tongue (prayer) thou shalt seek refuge (when persecuted). ↗ original
חִישָׁה (see חוּשׁ I) thicket, inaccessible place to be cleared by fire in order to be made arable, see אַגָּם.—(חֵישֶׁת) חִישַׁת קניםreed-thicket. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵃ top המצית את האור בח׳ ק׳ he who sets fire to a reed-thicket; [Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵇ bottom of the page באִישַׁת; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 41ᵈ bottom of the page באשת, compare אוּשׁ a. אָשַׁשׁ].—Tosefta Shevi'ith 3, 19, see חִיצָה 2. ↗ original
חִישּׁוּב (חָשַׁב) (astronomical) calculation. Shabbath 75ᵃ. Sanhedrin 10ᵇ ↗ original
חִישְׁתָּא 1 ch, construct state חִישַׁת, same. Targum Micah 3, 12; Targum Jeremiah 26, 18 (Hebrew text בָּמוֹת). ↗ original
*חִישְׁתָּא 2Ḥishta, a canal in Babylonia. Pesachim 40ᵇ edition (Munich manuscript אישתא, compare חִישָׁה). ↗ original
חי"תḤeth, the eighth letter of the Alphabet. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 7, 20ᵇ bottom of the page, and elsewhere, see ה"א. Vayikra Rabbah section 19; and frequently—plural חֵי"תִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᵈ bottom of the page Shabbath 103ᵇ ↗ original
חִיתּוּךְ (חָתַךְ) cut, incision, articulation. Niddah 25ᵃ ח׳ ידים וכ׳ indications (in the embryo) of hands and feet. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᶜ bottom of the page *(compare גְּזֵירָה) sentence, (condemning) verdict.—plural חִיתּוּכִין, חִתּ׳. Echah Rabbah to 2, 1 (explained תָּו, Ezek. 9, 4) ח׳ ופספס sentences and verdicts (Musafia under the word פסיפון: כתיטא בפ׳ like the letter Θ, for θάνατος, at voting; Yalkut Shimoni Ezekiel 349 only פס׳; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word פספס: חתיכה פספסן, edition pr. התֵּיבָה). ↗ original
חִיתּוּכָאcut. Chullin 47ᵇ ח׳ דאוני the incisions marking the lobes of the lung.—plural חִיתּוּכֵי. the same place (ibid.) 48ᵃ ח׳ דאוני edition (Rashi: מקום חיתוכה דאוני) the place in the neck where the lungs begin to separate. a portion cut off, segment(חֲתִיכָה). the same place (ibid.) 48ᵇ מחטא … בח׳ דריאה (Rashi: בחִיתּוּכָהּ) a needle was found in a segment of the lungs. ↗ original
חִיתּוּם (חָתַם) signature. Bava Bathra 10, 8 לאחר ח׳ שטרות after the deeds were signed. the same place (ibid.) 176ᵃ; and frequently (ברכות) ח׳ the formula with which a prayer closes, concluding benediction (‘Blessed be thou, O Lord. who etc.’). Berachoth 12ᵃ הכל הולך אחר ח׳ ב׳ Munich manuscript (edition only הח׳) the concluding formula decides the appropriateness of a prayer. the same place (ibid.) או אחר ח׳ ב׳ אזלינן Munich manuscript (edition חתימה) or do we go by the concluding phrase?—plural חִיתּוּמִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᵈ bottom of the page אחר חִיתּוּמֵיהֶן according to their conclusions; (the same place (ibid.) חוֹתְמוֹתֵיהֶן, see חוֹתָם); Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᶜ bottom of the page ↗ original
חִיתּוּן (חָתַן) marriage; wedding ceremony, only in plural חִיתּוּנִים, חִיתּוּנִין. Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 (referring to Song of Songs 3, 11) ח׳ היו וכ׳ the law-giving on Sinai was a wedding (between God and Israel), as we read (Exodus 19, 10) etc., see קִידּוּשִׁין; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 5ᵃ; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to the passage cited כחתנים (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חִיתִּיתbeing broken, subdued; especially dread inspired by superiors, fear. Bereshith Rabbah section 34 (referring to Genesis 9, 2, compared with 1, 28) מורא וח׳ חזרו (not וחתות) the fear and dread (of man) were restored (after the deluge), but subjection was not. Rosh Hashanah 17ᵃ (applying Ezekiel 32, 24 and the following) שנתנו חִיתִּיתָם וכ׳ those (leaders) who tyrannize the land of the living.—Vayikra Rabbah section 18; Koheleth Rabbah to 12, 5 (referring to חתחתים, the same place (ibid.)) [read:] חִיתִּיתָהּ של דרך וכ׳ the dread of travelling befalls him. ↗ original
חַכָּהhook, fish-hook. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 30ᵈ top of the page Moed Katan 25ᵇ בנחל … נפלה ח׳ וכ׳ if the fish-hook is thrown into the rapid river (to catch the fish), what can the waters in the pond do (if the great die, what can common humanity expect)?—Eruvin 19ᵃ מטילין לו ח׳ וכ׳ they put a hook into the convict’s mouth etc.; and elsewhere—plural חַכִּין. Tosefta Bava Kamma 8, 17. Sifré Numbers section 44 גררום בחַכֵּי ברזל they dragged them out of the sanctuary with iron hooks (on shafts, see בַּקְלוֹסָא); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 712 בקני (correct accordingly); Sifra Sh’mini, introduction חנית של ברזל (read: חַכִּים). Tosefta Bava Kamma 11, 13 שלש חכין (variant reading חוטין, כופין) three fuller’s hooks (for stretching clothes; see חוֹב 2, 2). ↗ original
חֲכוּכָא , construct state (חֲכַךְ) חֲכוּךְscratching.—ח׳ חספא scratching with a potsherd, eruption. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 28, 27, see חִיכּוּכָא. ↗ original
חכי (Biblical Hebrew), Pi. חִכָּה (denominative of חַכָּה) to insert a hook, to fish with the angle, to fasten. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 4, end, 7ᶜ אם לחַכּוֹת בו if it is a sûgar (see סוּגַר) with which to fasten a dog (by inserting the hook of a chain), opposite בשביל שלא לאכול one intended to prevent from eating (a muzzle); Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, end, 61ᵈ (not להכות). Bava Kamma 81ᵃ ומְחַכִּין בימה וכ׳ and that people be free to fish with the angle in the lake of Tiberias. (Biblical Hebrew) to lie in wait (see Hosea 6, 9); to wait for, hope, be anxious for (with ל). Sanhedrin 97ᵇ (frequently Habakkuk 2, 3) הַכֵּה לו wait for it (the redemption); the same place (ibid.) אנו מְחַכִּין והוא אינו מְחַכֶּה we are anxious, but He is not (referring to Isaiah 30, 18). Pesikta Rabbati section 34; Yalkut Shimoni Zephaniah, Book of 567; and elsewhere [Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 604 מחכה, see הָקָה.] ↗ original
חכי ² , Pa'elחַכֵּי Chaldaic (Aramaic) same. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana V’zoth, p. 196ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 30, 18) כהדין ציידא דמחכי וכ׳ like the hunter that waits for prey; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 950. ↗ original
חַכִּים 2 , wise; sage, scholar. Targum I Kings 3, 12. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 19, 32; and frequently—Avodah Zarah 76ᵇ מאן ח׳ למיעבד וכ׳ who but R. … is wise enough to do that?; Pesachim 76ᵃ.—Tamid 32ᵃ אידן מתקרי ח׳ who is to be called a wise man?; and frequently—Esp. Ḥakham, a scholar’s title, inferior to Rabbi. Bava Metzia 86ᵃ top ח׳ יתקרי וכ׳ shall be called a Ḥakham, but not a Rabbi. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 68ᵃ דמנייתך ח׳ that I have appointed thee a Ḥ. (intimating that he would never be a Rabbi); and elsewhere—plural חַכִּימִין, חַכִּימַיָּא, הַכִּימֵי. Targum Deuteronomy 1, 13. Targum Job 40, 30 (Hebrew text חַבָּרִים, compare חָבֵר); and frequently—Niddah 20ᵇ כמה ח׳ יהודאי how wise the Jews are. Sotah 9, 15 (49ᵃ) שרו ח׳ וכ׳ the Ḥăkhamimmim began to be (in scholarship) like common school teachers. Sukkah 38ᵇ; and frequently—Fem.חַכִּימָא, חַכִּימְתָּא. Targum 2 Samuel 20, 16; and elsewhere—plural חַכִּימָתָא. Targum Jeremiah 9, 16. Targum Judges 5, 29 חַכִּימַת (construct state plural). ↗ original
חַכִּימָאָה (the preceding) one pretending to be a scholar. Pesachim 105ᵇ edition (manuscript a. commentary or commentaries חַכִּימָא). ↗ original
חַכִּימוּתָא , wisdom. Targum Exodus 35, 35; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲכִינָה (חכן, compare עכן) ḥăkhina, name of a large snake, probably annulated snake. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 5, 9ᵃ bottom of the page (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) dict.), see זְהַר. the same place (ibid.) 8, 12ᵇ; Bereshith Rabbah section 82, end (Chullin 127ᵃ נחש). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᵈ top כרִיסָהּ של ח׳ (not ככריסה) like the venom of a ḥ.; Ruth Rabbah to 3, 13. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵃ top ח׳ כריכה עליו (read: כרוכה) a snake wound around him; (Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 עכנא כריכא).—plural חֲכִינִים. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 8 [read:] חבר שהיה לו שתי ח׳ a charmer who had two snakes. ↗ original
חכינה , Megillah 28ᵃ בחכינתו, see הֲכִינָה ↗ original
חֲכִינָנָא (see חֲכִינָא) wound, snake-like; insidious. Targum Proverbs 18, 8 variant reading edition Lagarde edition (edition Lagarde edition a. other חבננא, other edition שיגושא; Hebrew text נרגן). ↗ original
חָכִיר (חָכַר) tenant on a fixed rent payable in kind, see אָרִיס 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 1, end, 64ᵇ ח׳ לשעה a tenant for a fixed term, ח׳ לעולם a permanent tenant (on ground rent). Bava Metzia 104ᵃ חוֹכֵר; and frequently—plural חֲכִירִין, חֲכוּ׳, חֲכִירוֹת, (חוֹכְרִין) חֲכוּרוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim the passage cited חֲכוּרֵי בתי אבות hereditary tenants. Tosefta Peah 3, 1. the same place (ibid.) Terumoth 2, 11 חוכרין edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading חכורות, חכירות). Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 82ᵇ bottom of the page חֲכִירָיו. the fixed annual rent in kind. Bava Metzia 9, 2 (103ᵇ) מנכה לו מן חֲכִירוֹ Talmud edition (Mishnah חֲכוּ׳) he deducts from the stipulated rent (in proportion). the same place (ibid.) 4 (105ᵃ) הואיל ואני נותן לך חֲכִירְךָ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition חֲכוּרְךָ, Mishnah חֲכוּרָהּ) as long as I give thee thy rent (Mishnah: the rent for it). ↗ original
חֲכִירוּת (see חָכִיר) tenancy, tenure on rent in kind. Bikkurim 1, 11 בעלי אריסות וח׳ landlords of properties held in tenure, on shares, or on fixed rent; or tenants on etc.; explained Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 64ᵇ either חכירי בתי אבות (see חָכִיר), or בעלי אריסיות וחֲכִירִיּוֹת (not וחכורות). stipulated rent. Tosefta Bava Metzia 9, 24 ח׳ של שתי שנים variant reading (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) only חכורי) the rent for two years in advance.—plural חֲכִירִיּוֹת, see above. ↗ original
חָכַךְ 1 (see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Talmud Dictionary 2, 2042) to restrain, fasten, hook.—Denom. חַכָּה. to grasp (one another), to wrestle; see חָבַב 2. ↗ original
חָכַךְ 2 (onomatopoetic) to be rough; to rub, scratch. Nazir 59ᵃ מהו לָחוֹךְ how about (removing the hair by) rubbing (Tosafoth: לחוך ולהִתְחַכֵּךְ about rubbing or being rubbed)? (compare חָרַט, a. חַיָּיךְ) to hesitate. Nedarim 1, 1 היה חוֹכֵךְ בזה להחמיר had some hesitation about deciding in favor of greater stringency (for the expression מנודה; other opinion in R. N. to Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 7ᵃ: denominative of חֵךְ, had a taste for etc.). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַכִּךְ,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַכֵּךְto rub one’s self against a rough object; to be rubbed. Bava Kamma 4, 6 שור שהיה מִתְחַכֵּךְ וכ׳ an ox that scratched himself against a wall; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 6. Bava Kamma 3ᵃ נִתְחַכְּכָה וכ׳ she (the animal) scratched herself against a wall for her gratification (without intention to do injury) etc.—Nazir 59ᵃ, see above; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיכֵּךְ (see חוּךְ 2) to hawk; to deride. Bereshith Rabbah section 67 (play on הכי, Genesis 27, 36) התחיל מְחַכֵּךְ בגרונו וכ׳ he began to hawk with his throat (to express contempt), like one that hawks and spits; Tanchuma Ki Thetsé 10; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Zakhor, p. 27ᵇ, see זְמוֹרָה; [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) under the word זמר: חִיכְחֵךְ, Pilp.]—Cmp. כָּחַח. ↗ original
חֲכָךְ (the preceding) scab, sore; in a transferred sense tribulation, visitation. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 81ᵈ top; (Bava Metzia 59ᵇ אַךְ, variant reading אַף).—plural חֲכָכִיםinflammations. Bereshith Rabbah section 19, beginning (see, however, אַבְאָבִית). cough, catarrh. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 29ᵇ bottom of the page בתחלה הוא … ח׳ first He causes a cold to enter them; (Tanchuma, edition Buber edition, R’eh 10 חִיכּוּךְ); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Asser 97ᵇ הקב"ה ח׳ (insert מכניס בהם); see וָהּ. ↗ original
חָכַם see חָכָם) to be wise, to know. Niddah 70ᵇ מה יעשה אדם ויֶחְכַּם what must one do in order to be wise? (denominative of חָכָם) to meet for deliberation. the same place (ibid.) לכשיחיו נֶחְכַּם להן when they resurrect, we shall meet to discuss their case. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְכִּיםto grow wise, to become a scholar. Bava Bathra 25ᵇ הרוצה שיַחְכִּים he who desires to become a scholar; the same place (ibid.) 175ᵇ (Berachoth 63ᵇ שיִתְחַכֵּם). Avoth 2, 5 … לא כל … מַחְכִּים not every one that has a large trade, becomes wise (experienced); and frequently to make wise, to stimulate a person’s mind by ingenious suggestions, questions etc. Chagigah 14ᵃ תלמיד המַחְכִּים וכ׳ a student who enlightens his teachers. Bava Metzia 107ᵇ ומַחְכִּימַת פתי and makes the simple wise. to subtilize, philosophize. Shemoth Rabbah section 6, beginning ה׳ על גזרתו וכ׳ philosophized on (tried to find out the reasons for) the Lord’s law. the same place (ibid.) מה שהייתי מַחְכִּים וכ׳ when I philosophised … and made myself believe …, it was all vain boast etc. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַכֵּם,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַכֵּםto become wise. Berachoth 63ᵇ, see above. Bava Bathra 25ᵇ מתוך שמִתְחַכֵּם מתעשר because by becoming wise, he will get rich. Pesikta Rabbati section 33 beginning מאליו נתח׳ became wise by his own speculation. ↗ original
חֲכַם (adjective with verbal inflection) to be wise, shrewd; to be learned. Targum I Kings 5, 11. Targum Onkelos Exodus 15, 8 חֲכִימוּ (חַכִּ׳, Hebrew text נערמו!). Targum Isaiah 29, 16; and frequently—Gittin 56ᵇ דחַכְמִיתוּ וכ׳ that you are so wise. Taanith 23ᵇ דנִיחְכִּים טובא that we may become well-learned; and frequently to recognize, to know, remember. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 37, 33 (some edition חַכַּםPa'el).—Targum 2 Esther 2, 18; and frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 30 ח׳ את וכ׳ doest thou know anything in favor of this man?—Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᵇ top, see בְּאַר—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᵈ top וחַכְמִין אינון כלום do they (the dead) know anything?—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 7, 50ᶜ bottom of the page יֶחְכְּמוּן שפייא קיטריהון let the wine-dealers identify their knots (marks on the wine bottles). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 5, 30ᵃ bottom of the page [read:] חֲכִים אנא לחייתא דמילדא לי (or חַכִּים) I (as an infant) recognized the midwife that assisted at my birth (when she came to nurse my mother). Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 11, end, 48ᵇ לא אנא ח׳ לאבא I never knew my father. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 78ᵃ top יַחְכּוּם shall select (Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᵃ bottom of the page יטול), see זוֹגָא.—2) (euphem. = Biblical Hebrew יָדַע) to sleep with. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 4, 1 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition ידע). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2 the same place (ibid.) 20, 16; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, 55ᵇ bottom of the page; Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי (חד כותאי 1) a.e. to be clear, evident. Sanhedrin 42ᵃ, see זָקֵן I. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַכֵּיםto make wise, teach. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 34, 10. Targum Job 35, 11; and elsewhere to outwit. Targum Onkelos Genesis 27, 36 (Rashi ad loc. (on the passage) quotes וכמני, see כְּמַן, see Berlin edition Targum Onkelos 2, p. 10). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַכֵּיםto become wise. Targum Psalms 105, 22; and elsewhere to be informed, aware; to learn. the same place (ibid.) 35, 8. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 2, 4. to hold counsel. Targum Onkelos Exodus 1, 10. to be recognized. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, 23ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 16, 15ᶜ מאן דבעי דלא מִתְחַכְּמָה he who desires to disguise himself; לא מִתְחַכְּמִין they were not recognized, see נְחִירָא. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְכִּיםto teach, make wise. Targum Ezekiel 3, 2; and elsewhere—Bava Bathra 158ᵇ אוירא דא"י מַהְכּים the climate of Palestine makes wise. ↗ original
חָכָם see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Talmud Dictionary 2, 2042) [retentive,] one who knows. חֲכַם הרזים He who knows the secrets (minds of men). Berachoth 58ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 7 (6), 2; Bamidbar Rabbah section 21, beginning wise man, scholar; especially Ḥakham, a scholar’s title, less than Rabbi. Avoth 4, 1 איזהו ח׳ who is a wise man? Sanhedrin 21ᵃ (referring to 2 Samuel 13, 3) איש ח׳ לרשעה a man wise for wickedness (artful). Gittin 67ᵃ ח׳ וסופר is a scholar and a scribe; ח׳ לכשירצה might be a scholar, if he wanted. Horayoth 13ᵇ ר"מ ח׳ R. M. was the Ḥakham (counselor); and very frequently—plural חֲכָמִים, frequ. in the sense of a number of scholars, as opposed to a single authority. Chullin 85ᵃ ראה רבי … ושנאו בלשון ח׳ Rabbi approving of R. Meir’s opinion …, recorded it in the Mishnah as the opinion of ‘scholars’. Berachoth 1, 1; and very frequently—חַכְמֵי אומות העולם gentile scholars (philosophers), חכמי ישראל Jewish scholars. Rosh Hashanah 12ᵃ. Pesachim 94ᵇ; and frequently—תַּלְמִיד חָכָם (= תלמיד וח׳, compare חָבֵר, abbr. ת"ח) title of a student, disciple, scholar. Chagigah 15ᵇ ת"ח אע"פ שסרח וכ׳ a scholar’s learning is not to be despised, even if he has gone astray. Chullin 9ᵃ ת"ח צריך וכ׳ in order to be recognised as a Talmid Ḥakham, one must have learned three things etc.; and very frequently—plural תַּלְמִידֵי חֲכָמִים. Berachoth 64ᵃ ת"ה מרבים וכ׳ scholars increase the peace of the world; and very frequently ↗ original
חכם , Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 9, end, 25ᵈ והח׳, read והחמם, see חֲמָם↗ original
חַכְמַאיḤakhmai. Moed Katan 9ᵃ bottom of the page ר׳ יונתן בן ח׳ Munich manuscript (edition עסמיי, read: עכ׳); Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 11, end, 48ᵇ עַכְמַאי. ↗ original
חֲכָמָה fem. of חָכָם. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, 48ᵈ top הרי זו ח׳ that is a wise court; Sanhedrin 17ᵇ שלישית ח׳ a Sanhedrin containing three orators is a wise one. female physician, midwife. Rosh Hashanah 2, 5; Eruvin 45ᵃ ח׳ הבאה לילד a midwife called for assisting at birth. Shabbath 18, 3 וקורין לה ח׳ וכ׳ and we must call for her a midwife from another place (on the Sabbath); and frequently ↗ original
חָכְמָהwisdom, learning, art. Berachoth 17ᵃ תכלית ח׳ וכ׳ the perfection of wisdom is repentance and good deeds. the same place (ibid.) 33ᵃ ברכת ח׳ the benediction of wisdom (the fourth of the Prayer of Benedictions). Bereshith Rabbah section 17 חָכְמָתוֹ מרובה וכ׳ his (Adam’s) wisdom is greater than yours. Rosh Hashanah 29ᵇ שהיא ח׳ ואינה מלאכה it is an art and not a labor; and very frequently—לשון ח׳ enigmatical speech. Eruvin 53ᵇ.—חָכְמַת יונית, see יְוָנִי. ↗ original
חַכְמָנִית (the preceding) well-educated, smart.— plural חַכְמָנִיּוֹת. Bava Bathra 119ᵇ ↗ original
חכן , Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 6, 23ᵈ bottom of the page, read הָכֵן. ↗ original
חָכַר (compare חָכַךְ) to contract, farm, especially to give or to take in rent on a fixed annual rental payable in kind, contradistinguished to אָרַס, שָׂכַר or קִבֵּל which see—Bava Metzia 9, 2 חֲכוֹר לי וכ׳ give me in rent etc. Tosefta Demai 6, 2 החוֹכֵר שדה if one takes in rent a field. the same place (ibid.) מה בין שוכר לחוכר what is the difference between the sokher and the ḥokher?; and frequently—5. חָכִיר. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְכִּירto give in rent. participle מַחְכִּיר landlord. Bava Metzia 104ᵃ; and elsewhere—participle pass. מוּחְכָּר, feminine מוּחְכֶּרֶת. Bava Bathra 123ᵇ, and the following פרה מ׳ a cow rented out for half-profit (Rashi). ↗ original
חֲכַר Bava Metzia 68ᵃ חַכְרָהּ, see מַשְׁכֵּן. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 5, 56ᵇ bottom of the page [read:] כד … חַכְרִין … תַחְכְּרוּן וכ׳ when you rent land, rent only from God-fearing men. ↗ original
חל , Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 4, beginning 39ᶜ bot כגון החל מן נונייה, read: כגון הדין חֶלְמוֹן נ׳ as, for instance, fish-raw.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᵈ top כחל לה, read: כחללה, see חֲלָלָא. ↗ original
חַלָּא (חלל, compare גלל) a globular concretion.—plural חַלֵּי. Bechoroth 7ᵇ ח׳ דיחמורתא ball-like concretions found in the yaḥmur (fallow-deer), see יַחְמוּרָא. ↗ original
חָלָא 1 = Hebrew חוֹל I, sand. Targum Genesis 32, 13; and frequently—Pesachim 113ᵃ, see אַדְּ־.—plural חָלָתָא (fem.). Shabbath 110ᵃ בי ח׳ between the sand-mounds. ↗ original
חָלָב (Biblical Hebrew) [secretion,] milk. Avodah Zarah 2, 6 ח׳ שחֲלָבוֹ וכ׳ milk (of a cow) milked by a gentile. Makhshirin 6, 5 מי ח׳ serum of milk; and frequently—בשר בח׳ the boiling of meat with milk, the prohibitory law concerning etc. (Exodus 24, 19; 34, 26; Deuteronomy 14, 21). Pesachim 54ᵇ, see חִידּוּשׁ.—Chullin 110ᵃ לא גמירי דב׳ בח׳ אסור they did not know that boiling meat with milk was forbidden; and frequently—חֲלֵב בֵּיצִים white of eggs. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 10, 47ᵇ bottom of the page, compare חֶלְבּוֹן.—נֵץ (ה)ח׳ ornithogalum, Star of Bethlehem, a bulbous plant. Shevi'ith 7, 1, see חֶלְבֵּצִין; ʿUktsin 3, 2.—Transferred הח׳white wine. Bereshith Rabbah section 98, opposite אדום. ↗ original
חֲלָב Targum Genesis 18, 8. Targum Job 10, 10; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 46ᵃ חַלְבּוּן חֲ׳ milked. Chullin 109ᵇ, see בִּשְׂרָא I. the same place (ibid.) 110ᵃ; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָלַב (denominative of חָלָב) to milk; to yield milk. Avodah Zarah 2, 6, see חָלָב. Bechoroth 20ᵇ רוב … חוֹלְבוֹת וכ׳ the majority of animals secrete no milk unless they have given birth; and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחֱלַבto be milked. Shabbath 53ᵇ לֵיחָלֵב when the bag is tied on for milking purposes (to support the udders), opposite ליבש for drying up. ↗ original
חֲלַב Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 46ᵃ, see חֲלָב↗ original
חֵלֶב (Biblical Hebrew) fatty concretion (compare חַלָּא), especially that abdominal fat of cattle which it is forbidden to eat, ḥeleb (Leviticus 3, 17), contradistinguished to שומן. Kerith. 3, 1. Chullin 113ᵇ המבשל חֵ׳ בחָלָב if one boils fat with milk. Sanhedrin 4ᵇ חֵלֶב וחָלָב דכי וכ׳ ḥeleb a. ḥalab which are written alike, see אֵם; and frequently—plural חֲלָבִים, חֲלָבִין. Berachoth 1, 1 ח׳ ואברים the pieces of fat and the limbs belonging to the altar; Tamid 7, 3 שלחן הח׳ the (marble) table designated for the fat-pieces (and limbs).—Kerithoth 12ᵃ, and the following חֲלָבִין laws concerning the eating of ḥeleb; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 10, 11ᵃ top מדמי לה לח׳ (not לחלבון); and frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 10, 47ᵇ bottom of the page לובן חלבין, see חֶלְבּוֹן.]—גוּשׁ הֵ׳, see גּוּשׁ. ↗ original
*חֵלֶב Chaldaic (Aramaic) masculine (the preceding) a viscous substance, glair. Chullin 120ᵃ ח׳ דקריש edition (see Rashi); see חָלָא 3. ↗ original
חֶלְבּוֹן (see the preceding words) glair, white of an egg. Avodah Zarah 40ᵃ; Chullin 64ᵃ, see חֶלְמוֹן; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 10, 47ᵇ bottom of the page בלובן חלבין, read: בחלבון (see cit. in Tosafoth to Chullin 64ᵇ). ↗ original
חֶלְבְּנָה , see חִילְתִּית) galbanum, a gum-resin used as an ingredient of frank-incense, smelling like asafoetida. Kerithoth 6ᵃ. the same place (ibid.) 6ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 389 ח׳ ריחה רע ומנאה וכ׳ the smell of galb. is evil, and yet the Bible counts it among the spices (so are the wicked with the righteous combined in prayer). ↗ original
חַלְבֵּצִין (compound of חָלָב a. בֵּיצָה) bulb of ornithogalum. Shevi'ith 7, 2; explained Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 37ᵇ bottom of the page בֵּיצֵי נֵץ חָלָב eggs (bulbs) of etc., see חָלָב; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 6; Niddah 62ᵃ הַלְּבֵיצִין (absorbing ח); Shabbath 90ᵃ החל׳. Tosefta Kilayim 3, 12 הלבוצין. ↗ original
חֲלַגְלוֹג (חלג, compare חלק) purslane. Eruvin 28ᵃ ובחל׳ (Munich manuscript ובגלוגות, read: ובַלַּגְל׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note, ח׳ absorbed, see the preceding); Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 3, 20ᵈ top, explained פרפחיניה. Shevi'ith 9, 1 (Mishnah edition גית …, read: … גות; see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 38ᶜ (Rabbi’s maid said) נתפזרו חֲלוֹגְלגוֹתֶיךָ thy purslane plants have been scattered; Rosh Hashanah 26ᵇ חֲלוֹגְלוֹגְךָ (Munich manuscript לגלוגך). the same place (ibid.) לא ידעי רבנן מאי חלוגל׳ (manuscripts לגל׳). ↗ original
חָלַך (compare חלל) to undermine, cave, dig. Pesachim 118ᵇ שחוֹלֶדֶת בעיקרי וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition as in Chullin 20ᵇ הדרה) which undermines the foundations etc. 5. חוּלְדָּה. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְלִידsame. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᶜ top מַחִלִיד הב"ה … את וכ׳ the Lord caves the ground before them and they roll etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵇ top מהלך … אל (correct accordingly). Bava Bathra 19ᵇ מפני שמַחְלִידִין וכ׳ because their roots undermine the ground. to pass the slaughtering knife under cover, to squeeze in. Chullin 2, 4. the same place (ibid.) 20ᵇ; and frequently—Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 1, 5 מפני שהכובס אומן מַחֲלִידוֹ לתוכו (Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 21, 1) because so much of it does the professional fuller fold up for inserting a rod into it (see חוֹב 2, 2). ↗ original
חֲלַד ; participle passive חָלִידcovered with earth, mouldering. Targum Job 11, 17 manuscript (edition דחלך, דהלך, correct accordingly). ↗ original
חֶלֶדthe preceding) mould; in a transferred sense earthly life. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 17, 14 אין ח׳ אלא ארץ ḥeled means earth (referring to Psalms 49, 2). Tanchuma Ki Thabo 2 (referring to Psalms 17, 14) הן מתים מח׳ they die away from this world, see חֲלוּדָה. ↗ original
חֲלָדָה (חָלַד Hif'il) passing the knife under cover. Chullin 9ᵃ; 27ᵃ; and elsewhere ↗ original
חַלָּה [rolled, rounded] cake.—plural חַלּוֹת. ʿUktsin 3, 5 ח׳ חריע (Tosefta Maʿǎser Sheni 1, 13 חַלַּת (collect. noun), and elsewhere, see חֲרִיעַ.—Menachoth 3, 6 שתי ח׳ the two loaves (offered on the Feast of Weeks, Leviticus 23, 17).—Bava Bathra 5, 3; ʿUktsin 3, 11 ח׳ דבש honey-combs; and frequently (with referring to Numbers 15, 20, and the following) Ḥallah, the priest’s share of the dough. Shabbath 2, 6, see זָהִיר. Challah 1, 1 חייבין בח׳ are subject to the law of Ḥallah.—the same place (ibid.) 2, 7 שעור הח׳ the quantity to be set aside for the priest. the same place (ibid.) 8 מעיסה שלא הורמה חַלָּתָהּ Munich manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) from a dough from which the priest’s share has not yet been taken; and frequently—plural as ab. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shimu, p. 118ᵃ שתי ח׳ two portions (one for being burnt, and one for the priest); Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 3, end, 21ᶜ; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to I 6; and elsewhere—Transferred ḥallah, the sanctification of creation, man. Bereshith Rabbah section 14, beginning; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 962, and elsewhere (referring to Proverbs 29, 4, ואיש תרומות) that is Adam שהיה גמר חַלָּתוֹ וכ׳ who was the final sanctification of the world; Bereshith Rabbah section 17, end.—Ḥallah, name of a treatise of the Mishnah, Tosefta a. Talmud Yerushalmi (prefix), of the Order of Z’raïmasculine ↗ original
חֲלוּדָה (חָלַד) [covering of earth etc., mouldering from being in a cave,] rust, mould. Kelim 13, 5 העלתה ה׳ became rusty; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 3, 10; and frequently—Transferred sin. Tanchuma Ki Thabo 2 (referring to חלד Psalms 17, 14) [read:] אמרו זה לזה ח׳ הם מלאין חטאין יש בידן (see Tanchuma edition Buber edition the same place (ibid.) 4) they (the gentiles) say to one another, they (the Israelites) are full of rust, there are sins in their hands. a skin disease arising from living in caves. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 17, 14 (see above) אלו שהעלה גופן ח׳ they are those (persecuted Jews) whose bodies became afflicted with sores, etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 9, 38ᵈ; Bereshith Rabbah section 79.—plural חֲלוּדוֹת. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 88ᵇ; Esther Rabbah to 1, 9 חֲלוּדָאוֹת (some edition חלדואות, correct accordingly). ↗ original
חַלְוָוןHalvan (Ḥolvân) in Assyria (Biblical Hebrew , see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1277, Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 373). Kiddushin 72ᵃ; Yevamoth 16ᵇ Munich manuscript (edition חלזון, correct accordingly). ↗ original
חֲלוּז (חלז) knot or sling of the upper garment when lifted, (sinus). Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 (3) וחליזת חִילּוּזָהּ she lifted her garment.—Pesachim 113ᵃ תמרי בחֲלוּזָךְ וכ׳ if thou bringest dates home, with thy sinus (before ungirding) run to the brewery; [commentary or commentaries: with the dates tied up in thy bag]. 5. חוּלְזָא. ↗ original
חִלּוּט masculine = הֶחְלֵט. Tosefta Nega'im 8, 6 בימי חִלּוּטוֹ during his days of declared leprosy. ↗ original
חֲלוּטִין (חָלַט 2) final action, decision. לחֲ׳finally, permanently, absolutely (Biblical Hebrew לִצְמִיתוּת). Targum Leviticus 25, 23; and elsewhere—Shemoth Rabbah section 3; Arachin 15ᵇ; Sanhedrin 106ᵇ.—Vayikra Rabbah section 7, end, see יְרִיבָה.—5. חַלְטָנִית.—בח׳ by final decision (from which there is no appeal). Bereshith Rabbah section 42; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 72; Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 15 היך מה דאתא בחלו׳ וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בחלי׳) as man enters this world by final decision, so does he leave it it (compare Avoth 4, 22).—[Bereshith Rabbah section 94, beginning חלוטין, see חֲלִיטָא 3.] ↗ original
חָלוּל (חָלַל) hollowed; pipe, channel.—plural חֲלוּלִים, חֲלוּלִין. Sifra K’dosh. Parah 1; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 604 the idols are called אֱלִילִים, על שם שהם ח׳ because they are hollow.—Berachoth 60ᵇ ח׳ ח׳ Manuscript Florence a. other (edition חֲלָלִים) full of channels (bowels etc.). ↗ original
חֲלוֹם see חָלַם 2) dream. Berachoth 55ᵃ; and frequently—plural חֲלוֹמוֹת. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ; and frequently—the same place (ibid.) 10ᵇ בעל הח׳ the genius of dream.—[חלומות דהרואה that portion of the chapter Haroëh, in B’rakhoth, treating of dreams: Berachoth 55ᵃ to 57ᵇ; often quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. other] ↗ original
חַלּוֹן common gender (Biblical Hebrew; perforation, aperture, window. Bava Bathra 3, 6 ח׳ המצרית וכ׳ the Egyptian window (a very small aperture in the wall) gives no privilege (see חֲזָקָה), i.e. the neighbor may build against it, contradistinguished to הצורית a Tyrian window. Bereshith Rabbah section 31, explained צהר (Genesis 6, 16); and very frequently—plural חַלּוֹנוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 2, 58ᵃ; Shemoth Rabbah section 15 שס"ה ח׳ וכ׳ 365 apertures did the Lord create in the sky; and frequently ↗ original
חִלּוּץ (see חָלַץHif'il) strength, quickness. Berachoth 16ᵇ חיים של ח׳ עצמות (missing in manuscripts, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 5) a life of healthfull energy (see Isaiah 58, 11). ↗ original
חֲלוּצָא or district Ḥălutsa. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 16, 7; Exodus 15, 22 (Hebrew text שׁוּר). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 16, 14 (Hebrew text בָּרֶד).—Bereshith Rabbah section 45; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 79 (explained בדרך שור, Genesis 16, 7) באורחא דח׳ on the road of Ḥ.—5. חַגְרָא I. ↗ original
חָלוּק 1 (חָלַק, see חָלָק) plain, smooth garment, in gen. undershirt. Kelim 28, 9, see חוּץ 2.—Moed Katan 14ᵃ, and elsewhere כל … אלא ח׳ אחד he who has only one shirt. Avodah Zarah 34ᵃ ח׳ לבן a plain white frock, see אִימְּרָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵈ (referring to I Samuel 7, 6) לבש שמואל חֲלוּקָן וכ׳ Samuel put on the common shirt of all Israelites, i.e. included himself among the sinners; and frequently—Transferred a) a shirt-shaped bandage. Shabbath 19, 2 (drawn over the circumcised membrum).—b) a row, layer. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 1, 27ᵇ bottom of the page מפשיטו ח׳ אחד he strips it of one shirt, i.e. removes one row all around the pile of bottles.—plural חֲלוּקִים, חֲלוּקִין, חֲלוּקוֹת. Moed Katan 22ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) the passage cited שני חלקות (read: חלוק׳) two rows. Tosefta Kilayim 5, 6 שני ח׳ two shirts of different materials (כִּלְאַיִם). Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Abbahu 2); the same place (ibid.) to 3, 13 והח׳ שלו עליו (the camel) with his covers on; and frequently ↗ original
חֲלוּק Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew חָלוּק I. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 22, 26 ח׳ תותביה edition pr. (later edition only תות׳).—Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Abbahu 5); the same place (ibid.) to 3, 13 כח׳ דיהודאי וכ׳ as long as a Jewish Sabbath shirt (transmitted from father to son).—Shabbath 134ᵃ ח׳ דינוקא the child’s bandage, see חָלוּק I↗ original
חֲלוּקָּהdivision, partition. Bava Bathra 122ᵃ לא כח׳ של עוה"ז וכ׳ the distribution of land in the future will not be like the one of the present. the same place (ibid.) 126ᵃ יש לו לבכור קודם ח׳ the first-born is the legal owner of his share before the partition has taken place. Kethuboth 26ᵃ בתורת ח׳ as an heir’s share. the same place (ibid.) 94ᵇ ח׳ עדיפא division among two claimants (where evidence is wanted) is preferable (to discretionary adjudication to one, see שׁוּדָּא); and elsewhere ↗ original
*חֲלוּקָה , only in (פול) ח׳ נפש [smoothing the soul,] name of a species of bean = שעועית. Niddah 9, 7 (explained מי גריסין) לעיסת גריסין של פול ח׳ נ׳ a chewed mass of grist of beans named ḥălukath nefesh (Rashi: beans split to the core, see חֶילְקָא 2); [Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 9 עז עיקת נפש edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading ער עוקת נתש); Bereshith Rabbah section 94, beginning פול שהוא על עיקת נפש; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 152 שבאין על עקת נפש the bean-grist used for (relieving) the pressure of the soul; compare Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵇ top, etymol. of שְׁעוּעִית, a. Bava Bathra 16ᵃ, quoted under the word עֲדַשָּׁה.—Our word is probably a popular re-adaptation of Alica, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word] ↗ original
חֲלַז , Pa'elחַלֵּיז (compare חלץ) to gird, to form a sinus; to lift the cloak. Targum 2 Esther 1, 2 (3), see חֲלוּז.—participle pass. מְחַלַּז. the same place (ibid.) 4, 11 ומְחַלְּזִין חולזוי his loins girt (his cloak lifted up, ready for labor). ↗ original
חִלָּזוֹן (see the preceding) conchiferous animal, snail, oyster, especially purple-fish, purple-shell used for dying t’kheleth(תְּכֵלֶת). Sanhedrin 91ᵃ ח׳ אחד (edition אחת, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 60 a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word). Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 92ᵃ ח׳ הזה וכ׳ as the snail grows, its shell grows with it; Devarim Rabbah section 7, end—Shabbath 26ᵃ (explained יגבים, Jeremiah 52, 16) ציידי ח׳ וכ׳ the shellfishers from etc. Menachoth 44ᵃ. Megillah 6ᵃ; and frequently—plural חִלְזוֹנוֹת. Sanhedrin the passage cited name of a beetle or locust, see next word—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᵇ. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 185; Tanchuma Vaera, edition Buber edition 19. (compare Lat. Cochlea) a snail-shaped piece of a chain, screw. Kelim 12, 1; Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 2, 3. an eye-disease, also called נחש. Bechoroth 6, 2; the same place (ibid.) 38ᵇ. Sifra Emor Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2, Parah 3.—[Kiddushin 72ᵃ; Yevamoth 16ᵇ, see חַלְוָון.] ↗ original
חִלְזוֹנָאpurple-fish; snail. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 33, 19 (see Megillah 6ᵃ).—plural חִלְזוֹנֵי. Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ, see מִשְׁקְדֵי. beetle or locust. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 28, 42 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חלנונא, Hebrew text צלצל). an affection of the eye. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Leviticus 21, 20 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. other (edition חִלָּזוֹן; Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 יחלזווה, read: דחִלְזוֹנָה; see חִלִּיז). ↗ original
חִלְחוּל (חִלְחֵל) penetration of a poisonous substance, poison. Tanchuma Mishpatim 18; edition Buber edition 12 (חול׳, correct accordingly) הח׳ היה נכנס וכ׳ the poison (of the flies) entered their bodies; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 359. ↗ original
חַלְחוֹלִית (see the preceding) winding; plural חַלְחוֹלִיּוֹתintrigues. Vayikra Rabbah section 20 (explained להוללים, Psalms 75, 5) למערבביא אלו שלבם … ח׳ רעות (some edition חַלְחֹלִיּוֹת) to those creating confusion, those whose hearts are full of evil intrigues; Tanchuma Aḥăré 2 חלחל׳; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 524 חוּלְחָלִיּוֹת; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 811; [Vayikra Rabbah section 17 (referring to Psalms 73, 3) במערבא אומרים אלו … הוֹלֵלוֹת וכ׳ (read: במְעַרְבָּבַיָּא אלו), see הוֹלֵלָה]. ↗ original
חִלְחֵלto penetrate into cavities; to perforate. Sotah 7ᵇ; Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 מְחַלְחֵל ויורד (the powder on a wound) penetrates and goes down (into the body). Bereshith Rabbah section 98 ריסו מח׳ וכ׳ its venom penetrates (the body of the bitten one) after (the serpent’s) death. to shake, roll (in a vessel etc.); to rinse. Makhshirin 3, 6 ח׳ לתוכן if he washed olives by rolling them in the rain water.—participle pass. מְחוּלְחָל, feminine מְחוּלְחֶלֶתhollow, blown up; loosely put in. Oh. 9, 7 כלי מח׳ a hollow vessel (not packed entirely), opposite אֲפוּצָה. Kelim 10, 3 מגופת החבית המח׳ וכ׳ (Bartenora, Bertinora המִתְחַלְחֶ׳) the stopper of a keg which can be moved around, without, however, falling out of itself. Teb. Yom 1, 1; and frequently Hithpalp. הִתְחַלְחֵל, , Nithpalp. נִתְהַלְחֵלto permeate. Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 שהם מִתְחַלְחֲלִים וכ׳ that they will permeate all her limbs. to be shaken in a hollow space, to be thrown about. Mikvaoth 4, 3 היו צרורות מתח׳ וכ׳ if pebbles rolled about in the spout. to be permeated (with poison) to be affected, injured. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Kamma 1, beginning 2ᵇ ונתח׳ כולו and the whole of it is damaged (by the heat etc.). (compare חָלָה) to be weakened, be neutralized. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 46ᵃ top ע"י מליחה מתח׳ through salting it, the poison is neutralized. ↗ original
חַלְחֵל , to penetrate, to hollow out. Chullin 119ᵇ חַלְחוּלֵי מְחַלְחֵל the hair perforates the skin.—participle pass. מְחַלְחַלhollow; loosely filled. Berachoth 59ᵃ ענני חלחולי מְחַלְחֲלֵי (Manuscript Florence עיבא … מִיחַלְחַל) the clouds are not entirely filled with water. Pesachim 74ᵃ איידי דמח׳ because the wood is hollow (having marrow inside); and elsewhere Ithpalp. אִתְחַלְחַל, אִיחַלְחַלto be perforated, be open. Berachoth the passage cited Manuscript Florence see above.—Esp. to be permeated by poison, feel the effect of poison. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 41ᵃ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 45ᶜ bottom of the page לא אספיק … עד דאיתח׳ he had scarcely drank of it when he became affected (collapsed). Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᵈ top חמתה מִתְהַלְחֲלָה he saw that the plaster was poisoned. to tremble. Targum Psalms 97, 4. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 32, 11 (Hebrew text ויחל); and elsewhere ↗ original
חָלַט 1 (see חָלַט 2, a. Syriac (Peshitta) חלט Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1277) bind up, mix, especially to stir flour in hot water, see חֲלִיטָה 2.—participle pass. חָלוּט a paste prepared by stirring, dumpling. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 1, 58ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 49ᵇ ח׳ ברור a real ḥalut (concerning which there is no doubt as to the obligation of Ḥallah). Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 42ᵃ top ה׳ מחוסר וכ׳ the ḥalut (prepared by a gentile) wants finishing through fire (frying or boiling); and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְלַטto become consistent through stirring. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah the passage cited נֶחְלְטָה כל צורכה sufficiently stirred to be a consistent paste-ball. ↗ original
חֲלַטto make a paste. Targum 2 Samuel 13, 6. (compare next words a. צמת) to cause contraction by scalding or by putting in vinegar. participle pass. חָלִיט. Chullin 111ᵃ ח׳ הוי מעיקרא Rashi (edition מִיּחֲלַט הוה ח׳ ליה וכ׳) it (the liver) was first scalded (so as to emit no blood in boiling). Pa'el פִּעֵל חַלֵּיטto cause contraction, to scald, put in vinegar. the same place (ibid.) חַלְּטֵי ליה וכ׳. Pesachim 74ᵇ bottom of the page חלא דח׳ ביה וכ׳ vinegar which one has used once for drawing the blood from meat and contracting the blood vessels, must not be used a second time. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַלַּט,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיתְחֲלַט, אִיחְלטto be mixed up, to mingle. Targum Proverbs 20, 19; 24, 21 (Hebrew text תתערב). to be confused. the same place (ibid.) 14, 16 (Hebrew text מתעבר!). to be contracted, see above. ↗ original
חָלַט 2 [to surround, tie up (corresp. to Biblical Hebrew צמת),] to make final. participle pass. חָלוּט, feminine חֲלוּטָהpermanently sold, irredeemable. Arachin 9, 4 הגיע … היה ח׳ וכו׳ (Talmud edition 31ᵃ היתה ח׳, read: חלוטה) when the last day … had passed and it (the house) was not redeemed, it was his forever …, for we read לצמיתות (Leviticus 25, 30); (Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 5, 10 צמת). Arachin the passage cited בראשונה … שיהא ח׳ לו formerly the purchaser used to hide himself on the last day … in order that it might become his irredeemably; Sifra B’har Chaldaic (Aramaic) 5, Parah 4 שתהא חלוטה לו. Arachin 31ᵇ למי ח׳ to which (of the two buyers) did it belong finally?; and frequently—5. חֲלוּטִין. to pass final judgment on a leper after probationary enclosure (Leviticus 13). Zevachim 102ᵃ אני מסגירה ואני חוֹלְטָהּ וכ׳ I will lock her up, declare her a leper and discharge her. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱלִיטto pass final judgment, to make valid; to adjudicate. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 7, beginning 26ᵃ צריך להַחֲלִיט וכ׳ he must make the consecrating conditions valid by speech. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 10, 33ᵈ bottom of the page אי זה … להַחֲלִיט מַחֲלִיטִין which of them the court chooses to declare valid, it may etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 61 שלא תַחֲלִיט להם וכ׳ lest thou surrender the country to them (through bad argument); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 110 (insert להם). Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᵇ top גסות … היא הֶחֱלִיטָתוֹ his haughtiness made Jerob. a confirmed sinner; and elsewhere to declare a person a leper. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᶜ bottom of the page מטמא ומַחֲלִיט declares him unclean and this a decided leper; ורבנן … ומַחֲלִיטִין and the Rabbis say, he must be examined as if it were a new case, but at all events they declare etc.—participle pass. מוּחֲלָט, feminine מוּחֲלֶטֶת 1) irrevocable, confirmed. Yoma 86ᵇ תשובת המוּחֲלָטִין the repentance of the confirmed sinners.—2) the declared leper, opposite to מוּסְגָּר. Megillah 1, 7. Yevamoth 103ᵇ. Tosefta Nazir 6, 1 מ׳ בספק one declared a leper from doubt; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, end, 57ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original
חֲלַט ²participle pass. חָלִיט, חֲלִיטָאirredeemably sold. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 47, 20. to sentence a leper. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 21, 5 למִחְלוֹט, see Af'elPa'el פִּעֵל חַלֵּיטto sell irredeemably, to forfeit. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 31ᵇ bottom of the page ולא יְחַלְּטוּן בניהון that they might not forfeit their pledged children. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ bottom of the page [read:] בגין דלא תְחַלְּטוּן … בידן that you might not surrender the government to their (the Samaritans’) hands. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 9, 33ᵇ bottom of the page אנן מְחַלְּטִין וכ׳ we shall declare their property forfeited. Arachin 31ᵇ ולחַלְּטֵיה הקדש let the sacred treasury be declared its permanent owner; and elsewhere Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְלַטto sentence a leper. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 13, 11.—participle passive מַחְלַט, feminine מַחְלְטָא. the same place (ibid.) 51. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיחֲלַטto become irredeemable. Arachin 32ᵇ וירושלים מי מִיחֲלַט בה are buildings in Jerusalem ever irredeemable? ↗ original
חַלְטָא (the preceding) final decision, adjudication.—plural חַלְטָאתָא. Bava Metzia 16ᵇ שטרי ח׳ legal documents giving the claimant the title for the seized property. ↗ original
חַלְטָנִית = חֲלוּטִין, final action; לח׳ irredeemably. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 4, end, 46ᵇ (explained לצמיתות, Leviticus 25, 23) לחול׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 4, 24ᵈ bottom of the page—Bereshith Rabbah section 28, end, see זְרִיבָה; and elsewhere ↗ original
חליto be lax, to be sick, faint away, grieve. Shemoth Rabbah section 43 (explained ויחל, Exodus 32, 11 ח׳ משה Moses was sick (grieved). Kiddushin 71ᵇ, and elsewhere מדי חוֹלָה Media is sick, see גּוֹסֵס.—Berachoth 28ᵇ כשח׳ וכ׳ when R. … fell sick; and frequently—5. חוֹלֶה. to be smooth (to the taste), sweet. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִלָּהto soften, sweeten; to soothe, assuage (by prayer, gifts etc.). Shemoth Rabbah the passage cited מהו וַיְחַל שהכניס וכ׳ what does vayḥal (Exodus the passage cited) mean? He offered etc. (referring to Psalms 45, 13). the same place (ibid.) מהו ויחל עשה את המר וכ׳ he made sweet what was bitter. the same place (ibid.) חַלֵּי מרירתן וכ׳ sweeten thou the bitterness (sin) of Israel etc.—the same place (ibid.) מי שיְחַלֶּה וכ׳ one to sweeten the bitterness etc. (by prayer). Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 392 אביי אמר עד שחִילֵּהוּ להקב"ה בתפילתו (see below) Avoth explained vayḥal, until he assuaged (the anger of) the Lord etc. Devarim Rabbah section 3 הרי בניך מרים חַלֵּה אותן thy children are bitter, sweeten them. the same place (ibid.) היאך יהא א"ל הוי חל אתה רחמים, read: היאך אהא אומר א"ל הוי אומר חַלֵּה את המרים what shall I say? Said He, Say, sweeten etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 392. Echah Rabbah to 1, 2 לא חִלִּינוּ פניך we did not assuage thee by repentance; Shemoth Rabbah section 45 חלִּינוּ מלפני הקב"ה we prayed etc.; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱלָהto assuage, soften. Berachoth 32ᵃ אביי אמר עד שהֶחֱלֵהוּ להקב"ה בתפלה Munich manuscript (see D. S. ad loc. (on the passage)) until he assuaged etc., see above. [the same place (ibid.) שה׳ עליהם וכ׳, read: שהֵחֵל, see חָלַל.] to make sick, wear out. the same place (ibid.) עמד משה … עד שהחלהו (Munich manuscript עד שחלה) Moses stood in prayer … until He wore Him out (by his persistency, see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage) a. Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 3).—3) (see חָלַל a. חִלְחֵל) to permeate, affect. Bava Metzia 107ᵇ bile is called maḥlah (see מַחְלָה) שהיא מַחְלָה וכ׳ (Manuscript Florence שמְחַלֶּלֶת) for it goes through the entire body [perh. מְחַלָּה, frequently חָלַל]. Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּחֲלָהto be made sick. Berachoth the passage cited עמד … עד שה׳ edition Soncino a. other (see above) until He was worn out. ↗ original
חֲלִיto be soft, sweet. Targum Proverbs 27, 7. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Leviticus 2, 11 (Hebrew text דבש); and elsewhere— to be sick, grieve. Yoma 22ᵇ; Bava Kamma 20ᵇ כמה לא ח׳ וכ׳ how little does he whom the Lord supports need to grieve or trouble himself! to remit. Kethuboth 86ᵃ top ותִיחֲלָה, see חוּל 2 Chaldaic (Aramaic) Pa'el פִּעֵל חַלֵּיto sweeten.—participle pass. feminine מְחַלְיָא. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 4 בשעת מְחַלְיַית שינתא during the sweetest sleep. Avodah Zarah 39ᵃ מח׳ שמנוניתא Munich manuscript the fatty substance (absorbed in the knife) becomes sweet again (loses its bad taste); edition מְחַלְּיָּא ליה ש׳ (read: לש׳) it (the strong taste of assa foetida) sweetens etc. [Berachoth 6ᵇ קא מחליין edition, manuscript מחללי, see חֲלַל I.] Ithpeel נִפְעַל (אִתַּחֲלִי) אִתְחֲלִיto become sweet. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Exodus 15, 25. ↗ original
חָלֵי (the preceding) sweet. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 49, 21. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 29, 17 (edition Amsterdam edition חֲלֵי; Yerushalmi (prefix) I חוֹלֵי, חוּלֵי).—Arachin 10ᵇ (play on חָלִיל) דח׳ קליה because its sound is sweet.—Fem.חַלְיָא, חֲלִיאֲתָא, חֲלִיתָא. Targum Proverbs 24, 13 דחליא edition Lagarde edition (edition Vilna edition דחֵילָא, correct accordingly).—Targum Psalms 19, 11 (manuscript חֲלָיָיאתָא, plural)—Shabbath 109ᵇ אתרוגא חליתא a sweet orange.—plural חַלְיָן, (חוּלְיֵי) חַלְיָין. Targum Psalms 119, 103. Targum Proverbs 9, 17 (some edition חלים, correct accordingly) the same place (ibid.) 2, 16.—Avodah Zarah 38ᵇ חוּלְיֵי as to sweet ones, see אֲהִינָא. ↗ original
חֳלִיdisease. Sanhedrin 64ᵃ אם תעמוד … מחָלְיָהּ if this woman (1) shall rise from her sickness. the same place (ibid.) מוטב שתחזור … לחוֹלְיָהּ I would rather relapse into my disease; and frequently—Bava Metzia 87ᵃ דחָלָה ח׳ אחריתי (missing in manuscripts, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) that he had been sick once before.—plural חֳלָאִים, חֳלָאִין, חֳלָיִם, חֳלָיִים. Sotah 47ᵃ. Bereshith Rabbah section 56; and frequently (supply (understood word) בעל) patient, sufferer. Chullin 110ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original
חַלְיָא (חלי) secretion, serum. Pesachim 74ᵇ חַלְיֵיה אסיר its serum is forbidden. [the same place (ibid.) 115ᵇ חלייה דתבלין, see חוּלְיָא 2.] ↗ original
חִלִּיז (see חִלָּזוֹן) one afflicted with an eye-disease calledחִלָּזוֹן. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 21, 20 (edition Berlin edition חִלִּין, see Berlin edition Masorah p. 72). ↗ original
חֲלִיטָא 2 (see חָלַט 2) strings, necklace. Targum Isaiah 3, 20 (Hebrew text לחשים). Targum Hosea 2, 15 חֲלִיטַת וכ׳ (construct state) her pearl-strings (Hebrew text חליה). ↗ original
חֲלִיטָא 3 common gender Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew or חָלוּט (see חָלַט I). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 6, beginning 39ᶜ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 5, 55ᶜ top of the page Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ bottom of the page חֲלִיטָן their (the Samaritans’) ḥalut.—plural (fem.) חֲלִיטָתָא; (masc.) חֲלִיטִין. Targum 2 Samuel 13, 6; 8.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 1, 57ᵈ ח׳ דשוק ḥ. sold in the market (mixed with oil), see אִסְקְרִיטִין.—the same place (ibid.) (explained חלת מסרת) ח׳ דמיי water-ḥ. (for which Pesachim 37ᵇ חלוט של בעלי בתים). Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 3, 20ᵈ אכל חליטן (read: חליטין or חליטא); Bereshith Rabbah section 94, beginning חֲלוּטִין (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) אְלִיטִין, dial. for הֲ׳). ↗ original
חֲלִיטָה 1 feminine = Chaldaic (Aramaic) חֲלִיטָא 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᶜ bottom of the page היה עשוי כחצי ח׳ if the writing was in the shape of half a necklace (of three or more strings, i.e. in decreasing lines). ↗ original
חֲלִיטָה 2 (= חָלוּט, see חָלַט I) a paste made of flour stirred in boiling water, dumpling. Challah 1, 6; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 58ᵃ top ח׳ קמח לתוך חמיןḥălitah is flour put into hot water, contradistinguished to מעיסה which is חמין לתוך קמח (see Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 1); Pesachim 37ᵇ (Oxford manuscript החלטה; see version in Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 6); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 29ᶜ.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵇ ↗ original
חֲלִיטָה 3 (חָלַט 2, see הֶחְלֵט) the priest’s final decision on leprosy. Sifra Thazr. Parah 3, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 4 לאחר חֲלִיטַת מחיה וכ׳ (Rabbenu Shimshon to Nega'im 8, 1 חִלּוּט) immediately after having originally declared it unclean on account of a sound spot in the sore (Leviticus 13, 10, and the following). [the same place (ibid.) החלט מחיה]. ↗ original
חֲלִיטָר (denominative of חֲלִיטָא 3) seller of pastry, confectioner. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 2, beginning, 13ᵇ, see אִיסְטֵיב. Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 2, 58ᶜ bottom of the page; and elsewhere—plural חֲלִיטְרַיָּא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 7, 37ᶜ top חלטריא. ↗ original
חָלֵיל (see חָלַל) to turn, bore, chisel. Targum Isaiah 10, 15. ↗ original
חָלִיל , see the preceding) fife, flute; frequ. הֶחָלִילthe flute-players, the music in the procession. Arachin 2, 3 הח׳ מכה וכ׳ the fluters play in front of the altar. the same place (ibid.) 10ᵇ היינו ח׳ היינו אבוב ḥalil and abbub are the same. Bikkurim 3, 3 הח׳ מכה לפניהם the fluters precede them playing. Sukkah 5, 1 הח׳ חמשה וכ׳ for musical performance (on the Succoth festival) there are five and six days respectively; and frequently—plural חֲלִילִים, חֲלִילִין. Arachin 2, 3. Bava Metzia 6, 1 להביא ח׳ וכ׳ to bring pipers for a wedding or a funeral. Kinnim 3, 6; and frequently ↗ original
חָלִילָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 16, 14.—plural חֲלִילִין. Targum Psalms 150, 4 (Hebrew text מִנִּים). ↗ original
חֲלִילָא common gender (see the preceding) hollow. Constr. חֲלִיל. Targum Exodus 27, 8 (Hebrew text נְבוּב). rounded, going all around. Bava Bathra 61ᵃ, see בַּרְקָא 3.—Avodah Zarah 10ᵇ, see קמוניא.—plural חֲלִילַיָּא, feminine חֲלִילָתָא. Targum 2 Chronicles 26, 15.—Shabbath 57ᵃ תיכי ח׳ chains composed of chord rings (see חוּלְיָא I). ↗ original
חָלִילָה adverb (see the preceding) round about, in turn. Sukkah 5, 6 חוזרין ח׳ they take turns all around. Kethuboth 10, 6. Tosefta Zevachim 1, 1 חזרנו ח׳ we are moving in a circle, i.e. this way of arguing will lead to no conclusion; Zevachim 10ᵇ חוזרני ח׳ edition I am moving etc.; and elsewhere (Biblical Hebrew; outside, foreign to. Bereshith Rabbah section 49; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 83 (explained חללה, Genesis 18, 25), see בָּרָאָה, a. חוֹל 3; Tanchuma Vayera 8 חֲלָלָה כתיב it may be read ḥălalah (desecration), לא חול הוא לך is it not too profane for thee? ↗ original
חַלִּים (compare חָלוּם under the word חָלַם I) sound, capable of restoration to the original strength or form. Avodah Zarah 69qזימנין דח׳ sometimes the disturbed pitching of the stopper resumes its original shape (by melting and hardening again). Chullin 123ᵇ עור ח׳ leather (if split or rent) can be so mended as to regain its original strength. the same place (ibid.) כי אמרינן דח׳ וכ׳ when do we say, leather can be mended etc., when it is split straight through.—[Rosh Hashanah 28ᵃ, see חָלַם I].—[Targum Proverbs 9, 17 חלים some edition, see חָלֵי.] ↗ original
חַלִּיף (חָלַף) sharp knife, slaughtering-knife.—plural חַלִּיפוֹת.—בית הח׳ the place in the Temple where the slaughtering knives were kept. Middoth 4, 7 (Talmud edition פת …, correct accordingly); Yoma 36ᵃ מן בית הח׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition מן הח׳) inside of the knives’ cell. ↗ original
חֲלִיפָאḤălifa. Bava Bathra 123ᵃ bottom of the page אבא ח׳ (Munich manuscript חלפתא, variant reading חילפא, חלפא, סיל׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). ↗ original
חֲלִיפָהreplacement, substitution. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᶜ when a scholar dies, מי מביא לנו חֲלִיפָתוֹ who will get us one to take his place? plural חֲלִיפוֹתshoots, see חֵלֶף I. ↗ original
חֲלִיפִים (חָלַף) exchange, substitution. Kiddushin 1, 6 כיון … זה בחֲלִיפָיו as soon as one of the parties to the exchange has taken possession, the other takes the risk for its exchange. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᶜ, and elsewhere יש להן ח׳ can be replaced; and frequently—Esp. ḥălifin, a form of possession by handing to the purchaser an object as a symbolical substitute (see Ruth 4, 7). Kiddushin 22ᵇ אף כח׳ a slave, may be taken possession of also by symbol. Bava Metzia 45ᵇ, and frequently אין מטבע נעשה ח׳ coins cannot be used for symbolical delivery; and frequently young shoots (coming out of a stump). Shevi'ith 1, 8. Tosefta Bava Kamma 2, 1 (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3ᵃ top חִילְפִין). ↗ original
חָלִיץ (חָלַץ) knot, loop-knot.—plural חֲלִיצִין. Tosefta Nega'im 5, 10 ח׳ שבבקעת edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading שבפקע׳; some edition incorr. הליצו) the loops in a skein. ↗ original
חֲלִיצָה (חָלַץ) taking out; untying, putting off. Tosefta Nega'im 6, 10 בח׳ as regards taking out the leprous stone (Leviticus 14, 40), see נְתִיצָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 3, beginning 5ᵈ בח׳ as regards taking off the T’fillin.—Esp. (= חֲלִיצַת מַנְעָל) Hălitsah, the ceremony of taking off the Yabam’s shoe (Deuteronomy 25, 5—11). Yevamoth 12, 1 מצות ח׳ וכ׳ the proper way of performing the Ḥ. is before three men acting as judges. the same place (ibid.) חֲלִיצָתָהּ פסולה the act etc. is invalid; and very frequently ↗ original
חֲלִיצְתָּא Yevamoth 102ᵃ ח׳ מעליתא a fully legal Ḥălitsah. the same place (ibid.) 106ᵇ גיטא דח׳ a document testifying to the performance of the Ḥălitsah↗ original
חליקוסתא , Bava Kamma 31ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), Manuscript Hamburg, see סְלִיקוּסְתָּא↗ original
חֲלִיקוּפְרִי (patron. of Σόλοι Κύπριοι) one from Soloe (Aligora), a sea-port town of Cyprus. Makhshirin 1, 3 Abba José ח׳ איש טבעון Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition two words) of Soloe, a citizen of Tibon. ↗ original
חֲלִישׁ = Hebrew חַלָּשׁ, weak, sick. Targum Joel 4, 10 (edition Lagarde edition חֲלַשׁ).—Fem.חַלִּישָׁא. Targum Lamentations 1, 13 (variant reading חֲלִי׳; Hebrew text דָּוָה). Targum I Samuel 9, 21 חֲלָשָׁא. ↗ original
חֲלִישׁוּת (the preceding) weakening, faintness. ח׳ דעתhumiliation, defeated pride. Bamidbar Rabbah section 6 לא אעשה להם ח׳ ד׳ I will not make them feel humiliated. ↗ original
חָלַל H. Dictionary10 section vv. חלל I, 2) (see חוּל) to roll, turn. Berachoth 32ᵃ (referring to ייחל, Exodus 32, 11) שחַל עליהם מדת הדין למדת הרחמים Munich manuscript (see חָלָה) he (Moses) turned justice into mercy in their behalf; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 392 הֵחֵל (Hif'il).—[Tanchuma Yithro 1 מת חולל, read וחָלָל.] to bore, hollow, pierce, see חָלִיל, חָלָל I. 1. to surround; to place outside a circle, see חוֹל 3, חִילּוֹנִי. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְלַל (see חָלָל I) to be cut all around, be severed. Nazir 54ᵃ (referring to Numbers 19, 18) בחלל זה אבר הנ׳ מן החי וכ׳ ‘on something severed’, that means a limb which has been cut off a living body, and on which there was not flesh enough to have made healing possible; במת זה אבר הנ׳ וכ׳ ‘on something dead’, that means a limb severed from a corpse; the same place (ibid.) 53ᵇ Nif'al נִפְעַל נָחוֹלto becomeחוּלִּין, to cease to be sacred. Shevi'ith 1, 8 עד שיֵחוֹלּוּ until the fruits become available for private use; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 33ᶜ top מהו עד שיח׳ עד שיפדו או עד שיעשו חולין וכ׳ what does ad sheyeḥôllu mean? Until they are redeemed (in the fourth year), or until they become ḥullin of themselves (in the fifth year)? Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֵיחֵל [ [to set in motion,] to begin. Sifré Numbers 134 (referring to Deuteronomy 3, 24) אתה הֲחִילּוֹתָ וכ׳ thou hast begun to open the door etc. Demai 7, 4 ומֵיחֵל ושותה Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) and he may at once commence drinking (Maimonides; see below). to makeחוּלִּין; to break a vow; to profane. Berachoth the passage cited (referring to Numbers 30, 3) הוא אינו מֵיחֵל אבל אחרים מְחַלִּין לו he himself cannot break a vow, but others may break it for him (absolve him; Chagigah 10ᵃ … מיחל … מוֹחֲלִין; Shemoth Rabbah section 43 מוחל אבל … חכם מוֹחֵל, correct accordingly). Demai the passage cited ומיחל ושותה and thus he redeems, and he may drink (Rabbenu Shimshon); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 7 ומ׳ ושותה מיד.—Kiddushin 77ᵃ (referring to Leviticus 21, 15) מֵיחֵל he produces profanation (begets degraded priests), see חָלָל 2.—3) to turn, change. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 392, see above. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִלֵּלto break a vow, to profane, to desecrate; to degrade. Devarim Rabbah section 2 (play on החלת, Deuteronomy 3, 24) חִלַּלְתָּ וכ׳ hast thou not broken the oath? (Sifré Numbers 134 הֲחִלּוֹתָ, see above). Avoth 3, 11 המְחַלֵּל את הקדשים who treats profanely sacred things (causes them to be carried out and burnt). Avodah Zarah 28ᵃ מְחַלְּלִין עליה וכ׳ you may desecrate the Sabbath for the sake of curing it; and frequently—Esp. to cause the loss of the priestly status. Makkoth 2ᵃ המְחַלֵּל אינו מִתְחַלֵּל he (the priest marrying a divorced woman) who causes the loss of priestly status (to his issue) does not lose the priestly status himself; הבא לחַלֵּל ולא חִילֵּל he who intended to cause the loss of priestly status (by false testimony) and did not succeed. (see Deuteronomy 14, 24, and the following) to redeem, to make available for private use. Maʿǎser Sheni 1, 2; and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל חוּלָּלto be removed from the priestly status, become aחָלָל. Kiddushin 77ᵃ (referring to Leviticus 21, 15 ‘he shall not degrade’) לא יְחוּלָּל זה וכ׳ no degradation shall be caused—which can only refer to a person who had a status and now becomes degraded (i.e. his wife). to be redeemed, to become secular again. participle מְחוּלָּל, feminine מְחוּלֶּלֶת. Demai 5, 1, and frequently ומח׳ על המעות and it is redeemed by setting aside its value. Maʿǎser Sheni 2, 10 מה … סלע זו ח׳ עליו (not על זו, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) this Sela (which has been set apart as an equivalent for second tithes) shall be redeemed against the wine which the clean (sons of mine) may drink in Jerusalem, i.e. I buy with this Sela only that portion of the wine which the clean may drink. the same place (ibid.) הרי מעות האלו מְחוּלָּלִים וכ׳ that money (dedicated for purchasing equivalents in Jerusalem) shall be redeemed against thy fruits; and very frequently to be loosely joined, to be a movable link. Shabbath 52ᵇ במְחוּלָּלִין referring to movable links, (see חוּלְיָא I). Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 1, 27ᶜ top במְחוּלָּלוֹת when the vessels can be rolled about, opposite אפוצות close together (see חִלְחֵל). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַלֵּל,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַלֵּל [ [to be perforated,] (of bowels) to be loose. Esther Rabbah to 1, 8 שיִתְחַלְּלוּ מעיו. to be profaned, desecrated, degraded. Avoth 1, 11. Makkoth 2ᵃ, see above. Yevamoth 79ᵃ ואל יתְחַלֵּל וכ׳ rather than that the name of the Lord be profaned in public; and frequently ↗ original
חֲלַל 1to perforate, see חָלֵיל. to degrade, profane. participle passive חָלִיל, feminine חֲלִילָא. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 21, 14. (denominative of חוּלָּא) to be profaned. Targum Ezekiel 22, 26 וְחַלַת. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַלֵּילto desecrate, profane, degrade. Targum Proverbs 30, 9; and elsewhere—participle pass. מְחַלַּל, feminine מְחַלְלָא, מְחַלָּא. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 21, 7 (edition Berlin edition מַחְלָא, Regia מְחָלָא).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ top, and elsewhere דילמא דחַלְּלִינָן וכ׳ did we perhaps desecrate the Sabbath?—Berachoth 6ᵃ מְחַלְּלֵי manuscript (edition מחליין); and elsewhere to redeem. Bava Metzia 44ᵇ טבעא אפירא לא מְחַלְּלִינָן we dare not redeem coins with goods. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֵיל, אָחֵילsame, to desecrate. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 19, 8. Targum Amos 2, 7 לאָחָלָא (edition Lagarde edition לאפסא); and frequently—participle passive feminine מַחְלָא, see above. Ittaf. הֻפְעַל אִתָּחַל, אִתַּחַל, , אִתְּחַלto be profaned. Targum Ezekiel 36, 23 (not אַתְּחַל). the same place (ibid.) 7, 24; and frequently—Sanhedrin 51ᵃ היכא דמִיתַּחֲלָא השתא if she degraded herself now; מית׳ וקיימא she was degraded before this. ↗ original
חֲלַל 2 (compare חלחל), (mostly) Pa'elחַלֵּיל (see the preceding) [to turn in a hollow space,] to wash, rinse. Targum 2 Chronicles 4, 6. Targum Leviticus 1, 9; and frequently—Chullin 113ᵃ דחַלְּלֵי בי טבחא when they washed the meat in the slaughter house. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְלִילsame. Targum Ruth 3, 3.—Chullin 95ᵇ top מַחְלִיל רישא וכ׳ (or מְחַלֵּיל) Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition מחוור) he was washing an animal’s head in the river, see חֲוַר↗ original
חָלָל 1cut all around, beheaded, in gen. slain. Sotah 45ᵇ (referring to Deuteronomy 21, 1) ח׳ ולא חנוק slain but not strangled, ח׳ ולא מפרפר וכ׳ slain but not rolling in dying agony. the same place (ibid.) 9, 4 ממקום שנעשה ח׳ מצוארו from the place where he has been cut, that means, (the measurement starts) from his throat, see חָלָל 3. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 7, 56ᶜ (referring to Numbers 19, 18) בח׳ כל שהוא ח׳beḥalal means whoever is slain, בח׳ זה אבר וכ׳beḥalal means a severed limb … without sufficient flesh, see חָלַל, Nif'al—Chullin 3ᵃ, and elsewhere (referring to Numbers 19, 16) חרב הרי הוא כח׳ a sword (with which a person has been killed) has the same levitical status as a slain body. Koheleth Rabbah to 8, 10; Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 808, and elsewhere (play on מתחולל Job 15, 20) מת וח׳ (the wicked man even in his life-time) is dead and beheaded; Tanchuma Yithro 1 מת חולל (correct accordingly); the same place (ibid.) edition Buber edition; and frequently—plural חֲלָלִים. Sotah 45ᵃ; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָלָל 2 [put outside,] ḥalal, one unfit for priesthood on account of his father’s illegitimate connection (Leviticus 21, 7; 14, and the following). Kiddushin 4, 6. Sanhedrin 51ᵃ; and frequently—plural חֲלָלִים, חֲלָלִין. Kiddushin 77ᵃ, see מִקְוֵה; and elsewhere—Fem. חֲלָלָהthe female issue of a priest’s illegitimate connection, or a priest’s wife illegitimately married to him. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ מוזכרת, see זָכַר; and frequently—plural חֲלָלוֹת. the same place (ibid.), see מִקְוֵה; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָלָל 3 (חָלַל) cavity, empty space, hollow; throat; inside. ʿUktsin 2, 8 ממעך את חֲלָלָהּ you squeeze its cavity (compress it); Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 8, 44ᵈ bottom of the page (see Löw, Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 123). Avodah Zarah 28ᵃ מכה של ח׳ an internal sore (as in the mouth, throat etc.). Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 40ᵈ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 14, 14ᵈ top כל שהוא מן הח׳ ולפנים וכ׳ whatever is in the throat and farther inside may be cured on the Sabbath, opposite to מן השפה; compare Sotah 45ᵇ quoted under the word חָלָל I. Chullin 3, 1 if the heart is perforated לבית חֲלָלוֹ up to its chamber. Berachoth 19ᵇ ח׳ טפח a hollow space of one hand-breadth. Chullin 44ᵇ. Pesachim 54ᵃ חֲלָלָהּ the formation of its interior; and frequently—plural חֲלָלִים. Berachoth 60ᵇ, see חָלוּל. (compare חַלְחוֹלִית) intricacy, devices. Shabbath 11ᵃ חֲלָלָהּ של רשות the devices of political government. ↗ original
חֲלָלָאspace, cavern, hole. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 23, 42.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵇ יהבון בח׳ put them into a cavern. Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ ח׳ דבי צוארא neck-hole of a garment. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 40ᵈ top עביר עינא כחללה (not כחל לה) considers the eye like an inner organ (for treatment on the Sabbath, see the preceding). plural חֲלָלֵי, in ח׳ דעלמאthe underground treasures of the world. Sanhedrin 97ᵃ; Bava Metzia 49ᵃ (חללא, correct accordingly, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 6). secrets. Shabbath 77ᵇ if they asked him כל ח׳ עלמא about all the secret processes of nature. ↗ original
חָלַם 1 [to be soft, moist, viscous,] to have good humors, to be well. participle passive חָלוּם, feminine חֲלוּמָהsane, opposite to שוטה; well, opposite to חולה. Tosefta Terumoth 1, 3 פעמים … ח׳ if one is at times insane, at times sane; Rosh Hashanah 28ᵃ חַלִּים (Chaldaic form).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 7, beginning 48ᶜ.—Pesachim 78ᵇ.—Fem. חֲלוּמָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 14, beginning 14ᵇ ↗ original
חֲלַם see חַלִּיםPa'el פִּעֵל חַלֵּיםto join closely. Kiddushin 25ᵃ זמנין דח׳ שפוותיה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition שפתיה) sometimes a man closes his lips firmly. ↗ original
חָלַם 2 see the preceding words) [to gather humors, to sleep well (compare יָשַׁן).—Denom. חֲלוֹם (compare ἐνύπνιος, somnium) dream; from which חָלַם] to dream. Berachoth 55ᵇ חלום חָלַמְתִּי I had a dream. the same place (ibid.) חלום שׁח׳ לו חבירו a dream which his neighbor had about him. Tosefta Shabbath 6 (7), 7 שתהא חוֹלֵם חלומות that you may have dreams; and frequently ↗ original
חֲלַם ² Targum Genesis 37, 5. the same place (ibid.) 41, 1; and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְלֵםto consult an interpreter of dreams or a dreamer. Targum Jeremiah 29, 8, see חָלְמָא. ↗ original
חֶלְמָא Targum Genesis 37, 6; and frequently—Berachoth 56ᵃ חֶלְמָאִי my dream. the same place (ibid.) בחֶלְמִין in our dream; and frequently—plural חֶלְמִין, חֶלְמַיָּא, חִילְ׳. Targum Joel 3, 1; and frequently—[Targum Job 6, 6 מרי חלמיא, edition Lagarde edition לחמא, edition Vilna edition רירא דחלמונא.] ↗ original
חָלְמָא (the preceding, see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1284) dreamer, or interpreter of dreams.—plural חָלְמַיָּא, construct state חַלְמֵי. Targum Jeremiah 29, 8 חַלְמֵי חֶלְמֵיכוֹן וכ׳ (not חֶלְ׳, חִילְ׳) your dreamers (or interpreters) whom you consult. ↗ original
חֲלָמָא (חָלם 1) a sort of cement used for making vessels. Kelim 11, 4 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. edition Dehrenb. חלמה); Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 1, 4, and the following ↗ original
חֲלָמָה 2 (see the preceding) joint, seam in leather; compare חֲלִים. Shabbath 91ᵇ bottom of the page מקום ח׳ the place where the bag is joined (which the thief might rip to take possession of its contents). ↗ original
חֶלְמָה (חָלַם 1) name of several mucilaginous plants (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1284 under the word חלמתא), probably mallows. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 5, end, 30ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵇ bottom of the page חלימה (read: חֶילְ׳); Tosefta Kilayim 3, 12 חִילְמִית edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading חלמית). ↗ original
חֶלְמוֹן (see the preceding) yolk, yellow of an egg. Avodah Zarah 40ᵃ; Chullin 64ᵃ (corrupted as in Avodah Zarah the passage cited). Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 10, 47ᵇ bottom of the page בלובן חלמין (read: בחלמון, see Tosafoth to Chullin 64ᵇ, under the word והוא); see חֶלְבּוֹן. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) reads חלמון.] ↗ original
חֶלְמוֹנָא Targum Job 6, 6 edition Vilna edition (see חֶלְמָא). ↗ original
חַלָּמוּת (Biblical Hebrew?; see the preceding words) mucilaginous juice of mallows, used for the preservation of gourd seed. Kilayim 1, 8 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) …, Mishnah a. Babli edition ות …). ↗ original
חַלָּמִישׁḤallamish (Rock), a place near Naveh (see נָוֶה 3) and inhabited by hostile gentiles. Vayikra Rabbah section 23; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 2; Echah Rabbah to 1, 17. ↗ original
חָלַף [to be smooth, glistening, sharp-edged,] to cut. Denom. חַלִּיף, חֵילֶף. (cmp גּוּז) to pass by, be gone. Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 (referring to חלוף, Proverbs 31, 8) שח׳ והלך וכ׳ of him who passed away and went etc. to change, exchange. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᶜ top נַחֲלוֹף את וכ׳ let us change our meeting-place. Demai 3, 5 חשודה לַחֲלוֹף (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition לחַלֵּף, Pi'el) suspected of exchanging (the provision in her trust). the same place (ibid.) 6 לח׳ את המתקלקל to replace what has been spoiled; and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל חִלֵּףsame. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 148 מי מְחַלְּפוֹ who will replace him? (see חֲלִיפִין). Demai 3, 5, see above; and elsewhere Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱלִיףto exchange, barter. Bava Metzia 8, 4 המַחֲלִיף פרה ב־ if one exchanges a cow for an ass.—Demai the passage cited חשודה להַחֲלִיף, see above; Chullin 6ᵇ חשודה מַחֲלֶפֶת; and frequently to drive young shoots, to grow again. Eruvin 100ᵇ; and elsewhere, see גֶּזַע. Pesikta Rabbati section 11 מַחֲלִיף וכ׳, see גָּזַז. to change; to reverse. Eruvin 9ᵃ ובלבד שלא יַחֲלִיפוּ provided they do not change carriers. Shabbath 8ᵇ; and frequently—Eruvin 99ᵃ לעולם לא תַחֲלִיף it is not necessary to reverse (the authorities; Betzah 3ᵇ, and elsewhere תיפוך, see אֲפַךְ).—participle passive מוּחֲלָף, feminine מוּחֲלֶפֶת. the same place (ibid.) מ׳ השיטה the statement must be reversed (the authorities for the two opinions must be exchanged); Betzah 3ᵃ to be ambiguous, to equivocate. Sanhedrin 92ᵃ; and elsewhere כל המחליף וכ׳ he who equivocates in his speech, is like an idolater. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחֱלַף,Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַלֵּף, , Nithpa'elנִתְחַלֵּףto be exchanged, mixed up. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 6, 33ᶜ bottom of the page דבר שאין דרכו (לֵחָלֵף) לִיתְחַלֵּף a thing which is not likely to be exchanged (by mistake); the same place (ibid.) להִתְחַלֵּיף; the same place (ibid.)ᵈ top of the page Avodah Zarah 17ᵇ מעות … נִתְחַלְּפוּ לי וכ׳ money set aside for Purim was mixed up with money etc. Niddah 52ᵃ ונִתְחַלְּפָה לך וכ׳ and thou madest a mistake between Iyob and oyeb; Bava Bathra 16ᵃ ונתחלף. the same place (ibid.) לא נ׳ לי I make no mistake; and elsewhere to change (in appearance). Pesikta Rabbati section 29 (—30—30) נִתְחַלַּפְתֶּם מן הרעב you have changed (beyond recognition) through starvation; יש לכם להִתְחַלֵּף וכ׳ you will change through plenty. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 133 מאיזה שם אני מִתְחַלֵּף (probably לאיזה) what name I may be ordered to assume in turn. to be succeeded, relieved, transferred. Vayikra Rabbah section 23, end נתח׳ המלך the king has been succeeded (displaced; Bamidbar Rabbah section 9, beginning מת וכ׳). Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 813 כיון שנ׳ וכ׳ when the governor was recalled and another etc. Bamidbar Rabbah section 5, beginning להִתְחַלֵּף מעבודה וכ׳ to be transferred from one service to another. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, beginning 65ᵃ היו מִתְחַלְּפִין עליה took turns in guarding it. ↗ original
חֲלַף 1 , to pass by, be gone. Targum Song of Songs 2, 11. Targum Job 9, 11. the same place (ibid.) 26; and elsewhere Pa'el פִּעֵל חַלֵּיףto pass repeatedly, promenade. Kiddushin 12ᵇ ח׳ אבבא וכ׳ went up and down in front of the house of his father-in-law (to attract the attention of his mother-in-law). to exchange. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 27, 10; and elsewhere—Chullin 6ᵇ חַלּוּפֵי מבעיא so much the more may she be suspected of exchanging (substituting something of her own). Megillah 7ᵇ מְחַלְּפֵי וכ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8; some edition מִיחַ׳Ithpaal) used to exchange their meals (on Purim).—participle pass. feminine מְחַלְּפָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 4, 18ᵈ bottom of the page, and elsewhere מח׳ שיטתיה, see the precedingHif'ilAf'el הִפְעִיל אַחֲלִיףsame. Targum Onkelos the passage cited; and elsewhere Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַלֵּף, אִיחַלֵּף,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיחֲלִיףto be exchanged; to change; to disappear. Targum Psalms 90, 5; and frequently—Bereshith Rabbah section 78, beginning מִתְחַלְּפִין change their names. Chullin the passage cited ולאִיחַלּוּפֵי לא וכ׳ Rashi (edition לחַלּוּפֵי) and do we not apprehend an exchange?—Megillah the passage cited, see above.—Bava Metzia 59ᵇ, see חָסֵר 2. ↗ original
חִלֶף 1 (the preceding words) shoot.—plural חֲלָפִים, construct state הֶלְפֵי, חֶילְ׳. Betzah 3ᵇ; Yevamoth 81ᵇ; Zevachim 72ᵇ ח׳ תרדין the young shoots of beet growing out of the root; Orlah 3, 7 Munich manuscript (edition חוֹלְפוֹת; Yerushalmi (prefix) edition חִילְפּוֹת); Tosefta Terumoth 5, 10 חֲלִיפוֹת edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading חילפות); ʿUktsin 1, 4 חִלְפּוֹת. 5. חֲלִיפִין, חֲלִיפָה. rush, see חֵילֶף. ↗ original
חֵלֶף 2 (the preceding words) reversion. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 9ᶜ או ח׳ is not perhaps the reverse the case? ↗ original
חֶלֶף (Biblical Hebrew) Ḥelef, a place in Naftali. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᵃ bottom of the page (referring to Joshua 19, 33) מחלף ח׳me-Helef is (the present) Ḥ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 2, 20ᵃ top ר׳ … בהורי ח׳ וכ׳ R. Jerem. taught at Ḥ. etc. ↗ original
חֲלַף 2 st. construct state (חלף) in place of, instead. Targum Exodus 21, 24; and frequently—Shabbath 129ᵃ נפשא ח׳ נפשא life for life (meat is required after bloodletting), סומקא ח׳ סומקא red (wine) for red (blood).—plural חֲלָפֵי, with suffix חֲלָפוֹי in his place. Targum Proverbs 11, 8 manuscript (edition תחותוהי, edition Lagarde edition both words).—חֲלַף סִדְרָא feminine (an adaptation of κλεψύδρα) [change of order,] clepsydra, a water clock used in courts of justice for measuring the time given for argument. Bereshith Rabbah section 49 (not סרדה); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 83. ↗ original
חֲלַפְתָּאḤălafta, R. Ḥ., a Tannai, father of R. José. Avoth 3, 6. Taanith 2, 5. Bava Kamma 70ᵃ אבא ח׳ my father Ḥ.; Tosefta Bava Bathra 2, 10 (read: אבא ח׳); and frequently—5. חֲלִיפָא. ↗ original
חִלְפְּתָא (see חִילְפָא 2) a species of willow, corresp. to Hebrew צַפְצָפָה. Sukkah 34ᵃ ח׳ ערבתא וכ׳ what formerly was called ḥ. is now named ărabta and vice versa; (Rashi reads חילפא, Munich manuscript corrupt version, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note; Shabbath 36ᵃ ערבה צפצפה וכ׳). ↗ original
חָלַץ see Ges. H. Dictionary10 under the word חלץ I, 2) to surround, fortify; to gird, arm. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 133 (frequently Midrash Vayis‛u) חָלְצוּ עצמם they armed themselves, see Pi. a. Hif'ilto untie, loosen, tear out; to strip, lay bare. Moed Katan 22ᵇ חוֹלֵץ one bares the shoulder (in mourning). the same place (ibid.) 4, 7 (24ᵇ) חוֹלְצִין. Bava Metzia 59ᵇ וח׳ מנעליו and took his shoes off. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 82ᵇ חוֹלְצָן he takes them (the T’fillin) off; Berachoth 23ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 4ᶜ.—Pesachim 4ᵃ; Moed Katan 20ᵇ חֲלוֹץ לי מנעלי take my shoes off. Chullin 90ᵇ חוֹלְצוֹ לתפוח he takes the sinew out and puts it on the pile etc. Tosefta Nega'im 6, 10 בזמן שחוא חוֹלֵץ when he has to tear out (a leprous stone), see נָתַץ.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, end, 42ᵃ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4 (5), 8 כדי שיהו חוֹלְצִין את גלעיניהן in order to loosen the stones (of the olives); and frequently—participle passive חָלוּץ, feminine חֲלוּצָה, plural חֲלוּצִים, feminine חֲלוּצוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, beginning 16ᵇ וזרועותיה ח׳ her arms bared.—Shabbath 137ᵃ, and elsewhere חֲלָצַתּוֹ חמה the fever left him.—Esp. to perform the ceremony of taking off the Yabam’s shoe (see יָבָם); ח׳ ביבמהto arrange the Ḥălitsah, to act as judge; ח׳ ל־ to have the shoe taken off for refusing the leviratical marriage; ח׳ מ־ to take the shoe off. Yevamoth 102ᵃ כלום ראית שח׳ וכ׳ did you ever see him act as a judge at a Ḥălitsah? the same place (ibid.) 4, 1 החוֹלֵץ ליבמתו וכ׳ if one gave ḥălitsah to his sister-in-law, and it was found out afterwards etc. the same place (ibid.) 3, 1 חוֹלְצוֹת ולא מתיבמות they must be released by ḥăl., but must not be married by the yabam. the same place (ibid.) 12, 1 חָלְצָה במנעל if she performed the ceremony with a leather shoe. the same place (ibid.) 102ᵃ חוֹלְצִין במנעל you may have the ceremony performed with etc. the same place (ibid.) 102ᵇ שמא חָלְצָה סנדל לאחד וכ׳ perhaps she has performed the ceremony of ḥal. on one of the brothers. the same place (ibid.) החוֹלֶצֶת מן וכ׳ if one performed the ceremony on an adult … the same place (ibid.) (referring to Hosea 5, 6) מי כתיב ח׳ להם ה׳ מהם וכ׳ is it written, He had his shoe taken off by them (the Lord being the rejecting party)? It is written, He took their shoe off etc., see next word; and very frequently—חֲלוּצָה a woman released from leviratical marriage by ḥălitsah. the same place (ibid.) 7, 1. the same place (ibid.) 4, 12 חֲלוּצָתוֹ his rejected sister-in-law; and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחֶלַץto be peeled off. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 20, 17ᶜ bottom of the page ועורו נ׳ and his skin will peel itself off. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִלֵּץto extract, loosen, to deliver. to gird, strengthen. Yevamoth 102ᵇ (in a discussion about the meaning of וחלצה, Deuteronomy 25, 9) והכתיב יְחַלּץ עני but do we not read (Job 36, 15), He girds the poor? Answ. יְחַלְּצוֹ מדינה וכ׳ It means, He will deliver him from the judgment etc. the same place (ibid.) (after referring to יחליץ, Isaiah 58, 11) the root חלץ means both (girding and loosening), but here (Deuteronomy the passage cited), if it meant tying on, it would read וחלצה נעלו ברגלו she shall tie his shoe on his foot. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱלִיץto loosen, untie;to gird, arm;to deliver;to smoothen, give ease of mind. Vayikra Rabbah section 34 (referring to יחליץ, Isaiah the passage cited) יזיין (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ישלוף) ישמוט ישזיב ויניח (which means) He shall loosen as in Deuteronomy the passage cited, gird as the same place (ibid.) 3, 18, deliver as in Psalms 140, 2, and give ease as in the Sabbath prayer after meal רצה והַחֲלִיצֵנוּ be pleased to give us ease of mind. 5. חִלּוּץ. ↗ original
חֲלַץto take off, undress. participle passive חָלִיץ. Targum 2 Samuel 6, 20.—Echah Rabbah introd (R. Joh. 1) חֲלִיצֵי מסאני without shoes. Moed Katan 22ᵇ למִיחֲלַץ to bare their shoulders. to withdraw. Yevamoth 102ᵇ עמא דח׳ ליה … מיניה a people from which its lord has withdrawn (with referring to חלץ מהם, Hosea 5, 6). to perform the rite of ḥălitsah; see below. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַלֵּיץto perform or arrange the rite of ḥălitsah. the same place (ibid.) לה אחין וכ׳ (or דחלְצוּ) ואילו יבמה דחַלְּצוּ suppose brothers would untie the shoe of their sister-in-law, would this be of any legal consequence? the same place (ibid.)ᵃ אנא לא הואי חַלִּיצְנָא וכ׳ I should not have allowed a ḥălitsah except etc.; and frequently to undress, strip. Targum I Samuel 31, 9. the same place (ibid.) 8 (Hebrew text לפשט); Targum I Kings 11, 15 (Hebrew text לקבר!). ↗ original
חֲלָצַיִם du. (Biblical Hebrew; חָלַץ 1) loins. Chagigah 14ᵇ יצא מחֲלָצֶיךָ is thy offspring; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָלַק (Biblical Hebrew) to be smooth, to be viscous. 5. חָלָק. (denominative of חֵלֶק) to assign, allot.—ח׳ כבוד to honor, pay regards. Berachoth 19ᵇ, and elsewhere כל מקום … אין חוֹלְקִין וכ׳ wherever the desecration of the name of the Lord is threatened, no regards must be paid to a teacher. Zevachim 102ᵃ; and frequently (denominative of חֵלֶק) to divide (by lot); to part; to take a share. Peah 3, 5 האחין שחָלְקוּ brothers who divided an estate. Bava Metzia 1, 1, and frequently יַחֲלוֹקוּ they shall divide the object (equally). Zevachim 12, 1 אינן חוֹלְקִין וכ׳ take no share etc. Chullin 65ᵃ אם חוֹלֵק את רגליו וכ׳ if the birds parts its toes (on the rope) so that there be two on each side etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 9ᶜ bottom of the page דבר … אינו חולק if a prohibition (included in a law) is specified again for a purpose, it does not intimate a division (that each single act of the class must be atoned for singly, see הַבְעָרָה). Tosefta Demai 6, 1 חוֹלְקָן he divides the fruits with the landlord. [the same place (ibid.) 2 החולק, read: החוֹכֵר.] Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, beginning 25ᵃ מישראל חולק if the property is farmed from an Israelite, he divides the produces (before separating T’rumah); and very frequently (with על) to differ with, object, oppose. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 15, beginning 15ᵃ מה חוֹלְקִין על וכ׳ how is it? do they differ with etc.?—Berachoth 27ᵇ החולק על ישיבתו וכ׳ וכ׳; Sanhedrin 110ᵃ הח׳ על רבו (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הנֶחְלַק, Nif'al) he who opposes (the school of) his teacher. Berachoth the passage cited כלום יש אדם חוֹלֵק בדבר זה is there any one here differing from this opinion?; and very frequently—participle pass. חָלוּק, plural חֲלוּקִים, חֲלוּקִיןdivided, interrupted; disputed; of different opinion. Mikvaoth 8, 2 מים ח׳ interrupted flow of urin.—Bava Bathra 176ᵃ ח׳ היה ר׳ וכ׳ R. … differed etc. the same place (ibid.) 9, 10 (158ᵇ) על החֲלוּקִין ואתה בא לחַלֵּק עלינו וכ׳ … we grieve over the divided opinions, and you come to assert a division for us on things on which they (the schools of Shammai and Hillel) agree?; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 3, beginning 47ᵇ לַחֲלוֹק). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 1, end, 26ᵃ ח׳ על אביו differs with his father; and frequently—Tosefta Yoma V (4), 6, and elsewhere ארבעה חֲלוּקֵי כפרה there are four persons under different categories as to atonement. Arachin 10ᵇ דחֲלוּקָה בקרבנותיה which differs (from other days) as regards sacrifices. the same place (ibid.) חֲלוּקִין וכ׳ the numbers of sacrifices are different each day. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְלַקto be divided, distributed. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 27 (referring to אחלק, Exodus 15, 9) אֵיחָלֵק I shall be divided (plundered). to different interpretation or differently interpreted Chagigah 16ᵇ נֶחְלְקוּ בה וכ׳ the great men of the age differ about it. Berachoth 27ᵇ; Sanhedrin 110ᵃ, see above. Kethuboth 13, 1; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱלִיקto smoothen, make even, level; to improve the appearance. Maasroth 1, 8 משיַחֲלִיקֶנּוּ from the moment that he smoothens the cake of figs (by rubbing it with figs or grapes). the same place (ibid.) המַחֲלִיק בענבים if one uses grapes for smoothening.—Shevi'ith 4, 4 במַחֲלִיק when one levels a field (by taking out plants); explained the same place (ibid.) המח׳ ג׳ זה בצד זהlevelling means taking out (at least) three plants next to each other, contradistinguished to המדל, taking out one or two plants.—Peah 3, 3, see אֶחָד; and elsewhere—Transferred to close a tune softly (piano). Arachin 2, 3 (10ᵃ) ולא היה מַחֲלִיק אלא … מפני שהוא מחליק יפה (Talmud edition ולא היה מְחַלֵּק מחליק וכ׳ …) none but a flute solo was used for closing a tune, because it makes a pleasant finale.—3) to glide, slip. Eruvin 10, 14 בשביל שלא יַחֲלִיקוּ that the priests might not slip. Bava Metzia 6, 3 אם הֶחֱלִיקָה if the animal injured herself by slipping.—4) to be smooth. Yevamoth 80ᵇ בשרו מַחֲלִיק his flesh is smooth. Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּחֲלַקto be injured by slipping. Bava Kamma 47ᵇ הוּחְלְקָה בהן the animal was injured by tripping over the fruits. to be smoothed. participle מוּחֲלָק, plural מוּחֲלָקִין. Bava Metzia 103ᵇ קנים המ׳ smoothed (peeled) poles.—[ to be divided up, see below.] Pi'el פִּעֵל חִילֵּקto divide, distribute, participle Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2, beginning 26ᵃ בוא וחַלֵּק וכ׳ come and divide with me etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 20ᶜ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, beginning 36ᵇ שבע שחִילְּקוּ the seven years during which they distributed the land (among the tribes); Zevachim 118ᵇ.—Bava Bathra 9, 7 המְחַלֵּק נכסיו וכ׳ if one disposes (wills) … by word of mouth; and frequently—Shabbath 70ᵃ, and elsewhere לחַלֵּק, see הַבְעָרָה.—[Arachin 2, 3 (10ᵃ), see above.]—participle pass. מְחוּלָּק a) divided up, plundered. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 249 (referring to אחלק, Exodus 15, 9) מ׳ אני להם I shall be divided up among them, see Nif'al; Mechilta Beshallach, Shirah, section 7 מוחלק.—b) distinct, separate. Tanchuma Chukkath 6 והן מְחוּלָּקִין זה מזה and they are different from one another (in the range of their intellects). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַלֵּק,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַלֵּקto be divided, distributed; to part, separate. Parah 3, 11 היה מִתְחַלֵּק וכ׳ was distributed among etc.—Sanhedrin 34ᵃ, see נִיצוֹץ.—Sifré Numbers 132 ליוצאי מצרים נִתְחַלְּקָה וכ׳ the land was divided up according to the census taken at their going out from Egypt. the same place (ibid.) לא נתח׳ … לכל שנט וכ׳ the land was allotted to each tribe (in a lump), according to its population. the same place (ibid.) לא נתח׳ … אלא בשמיון it was divided according to value; Bava Bathra 122ᵃ לא נ׳ אלא בכסף.—Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 18, 2 היה מתח׳ מחיילותיו he separated himself from his armies (for prayer). the same place (ibid.) וכשהיה המחנה שלו מתח׳ and because his camp was thus divided (some praying, others not praying); and frequently ↗ original
חָלָק (the preceding) smooth, blank (paper); empty. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 8, 11ᵇ אם יש בו ח׳ וכ׳ if there is blank space on it enough for etc. Sanhedrin 17ᵃ ושנים הניח ח׳ and two ballots he left blank; and frequently—יצא ח׳ (= ריקם) to go out without having effected anything. Sifré Numbers 131 חלוק edition; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 631 (Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 178 ריקם); Yalkut Shimoni Hosea 517 חלוק.—Bereshith Rabbah section 11 להוציאך ח׳ אי אפשר I cannot dismiss you without an answer; and elsewhere—Fem. חֲלָקָה. Kelim 24, 7 וח׳ and a plain board (without a receptacle). Middoth 2, 5; Sukkah 51ᵇ ח׳ היתה בראשונה formerly the compartment was plain (without a guarded balcony), see בְּצוֹצְרָה.—plural חֲלָקוֹת. Tosefta Oholoth 15, 1.— division. Kerith. 7ᵃ, and frequently אך ח׳, see אַךְ I [probably to be read: חַלֵּק, divide!] ↗ original
חֵלֶקthe preceding words) [smooth stone used for casting lots, see I Samuel 17, 40 חַלֻּקֵי; compare גורל, גווזא; compare Isaiah 34, 17; Psalms 22, 19,] lot, share, portion. Sanhedrin X (11), 1 ח׳ לעו"הב a share in the world to come. Shabbath 118ᵇ יהא חֶלְקִי מ־ Oh, that my lot fell among etc.; Moed Katan 18ᵇ יהא חלקי עם; and frequently—Sifré Deuteronomy 312 תנו לי חֶלְקִי give me my estate (my title) back, see נָכַר.—plural חֲלָקִים. Bava Metzia 1, 1 שלשה ח׳ three portions (fourths). Shabbath 34ᵇ שלשה חֶלְקֵי מיל three parts of a mile, explained three fourths; ב׳ ח׳ מיל two thirds; and frequently ↗ original
חֲלַק (Biblical Hebrew חֶלְקָה, see חֵלֶק) lot, field. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 49, 21 (variant reading חַקְלָא).—plural construct state חַלְקֵי. Targum I Chronicles 8, 8 variant reading (edition חקלי). ↗ original
חֶלְקָא (the preceding) same, lot, field. Targum Proverbs 23, 10.—plural חֶלְקָתָא. Targum Micah 2, 4 חֶלְקַתְהוֹן (variant reading חֻלַּקְתְּהוֹן, edition Lagarde edition חַקְלַתְהוֹן; Hebrew text שָׂדֵינוּ). share, portion, ḥelka, a market term for a certain portion of meat; compare אוּזְיָא. Betzah 29ᵃ ↗ original
חִלְקָא (compare חָלוּק) [shirt,] husk.—plural חִלְקַיָּא. Moed Katan 13ᵇ דשקל חִלְקַיְיהוּ (Rashi דשקיל) its husks are taken off; (Munich manuscript דשַׁוֵּי חֶילְקַיְיהוּ he made its parts even, divided the grain into two); see חֶילְקָא 2. ↗ original
חִלְקִיָּה (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Ḥilkiya, Hilkiah, the high priest in the reign of Josiah. Megillah 14ᵇ; Yalkut Shimoni Joshua 9; and elsewhere father of Jeremiah the prophet. Bamidbar Rabbah section 8, end. Sanhedrin 95ᵃ, and frequently name of several Amoraim. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 3, 14ᵃ; Babylonian Bava Bathra 39ᵇ.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 1, 46ᵇ; and elsewhere (see Friedman M’bo p. 85ᵃ).—Kiddushin 33ᵇ.—Yevamoth 9ᵃ.—Bava Metzia 96ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָלַשׁ (Biblical Hebrew) to relax, be weak, prostrated (compare חָלָה).—5. חַלָּשׁ. [to round, smoothen, denominative חֵלֶשׁsmooth stone; (compare חֵלֶק) ballot; frequently which חָלַשׁ] to cast a lot; to assign. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Zakhor, p. 22ᵃ explained ויחלש, (Exodus 18, 13) הפיל עליהן גורלות he (Joshua) cast lots over them (for their destruction). Arachin 9, 4 (31ᵇ) שיהא חוֹלֵשׁ … ללשכה (Mishnah edition בלשכה) that he might assign his redeeming money to the Temple fund (deposit it there, to assert his privilege of redemption). ↗ original
חֲלַשׁto be weak, get sick. Targum Isaiah 2, 9. Targum Lamentations 5, 17; and elsewhere—Pesachim 50ᵃ; Bava Bathra 10ᵇ, see נְגַד.—Rosh Hashanah 17ᵃ; and frequently—Yoma 18ᵃ חַלְשָׁא דעתיה he might feel discouraged. to pass away. Rosh Hashanah the passage cited חזייה דחליש ליה עלמא (Yalkut Shimoni Micah 559 … חזא דחלש) he saw that his world (life) was passing away (he was sinking rapidly). to be smooth and fine. Chullin 48ᵃ סכינא דחָ׳ פומיה a knife whose edge is very fine.— to untie, undress. Bereshith Rabbah section 22 דין אמר חֲלוֹשׁ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) (edition, a. Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 38 חֲלוֹץ) the one (Abel) said, Take thy clothes off. Bereshith Rabbah section 75 ח׳ פורפירא Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition שלח) he took off the purple cloak. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַלֵּישׁto weaken, reduce. Targum Job 12, 21 manuscript (edition מַחֲלִישׁ, מַחֲלֵשׁAf'el). to smoothen, polish, forge (armour). Avodah Zarah 16ᵃ משׁום דחַלְּשֵׁי וכ׳ (Munich manuscript דחשלי; see below) because they forge of them their polished armour. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֲלִישׁto weaken, see above. to cut with a sharp and smooth edge, opposite to בזע to tear with a notched knife. Chullin 17ᵇ (Rashi quoting Avodah Zarah the passage cited דחשלי, a. Kethuboth 77ᵃ חשלי דודי appears to have read מחשיל).— to strip. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Leviticus 1, 6 (O. a. Yerushalmi (prefix) I שלח). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 20, 26 ותחלישׁ (some edition ותשליח). ↗ original
חִלֶשׁ (see חָלַשׁ, compare חֵלֶק) lot, ballot. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Zakhor, p. 22ᵃ (referring to ויחלש, Exodus 13, 13) בח׳ לקה וכ׳ Amalek was smitten by ballot (see חָלַשׁ). the same place (ibid.) ארבעה שמות נקראו לגורל ח׳ וכ׳ the lot has four names, Ḥêlesh, pûr etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 265.—plural חֲלָשִׁים, חֲלָשִׁין. the same place (ibid.) (quotation) וכאשר יטילו ח׳ על המנות; Shabbath 23, 2 (148ᵇ) מטילין ח׳ וכ׳ lots may be cast for shares of sacred meat etc. Shabbath 149ᵇ מאי משמע דהאי ח׳ וכ׳ what evidence is there that ḥălashim means lot? (Answ. referring to Isaiah 14, 12). ↗ original
חַלָּשׁweak. Shabbath 77ᵇ אימת ח׳ וכ׳ the fear with which the weak inspires the strong person.—Shemoth Rabbah section 24; Sifré Deuteronomy 309; and elsewhere—plural חַלָּשִׁים, חַלָּשִׁין. Shemoth Rabbah the passage cited ↗ original
חַלָּשׁ ² , see חֲלִישׁ. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 28, 44. Targum I Samuel 9, 21.—plural חַלָּשִׁין, חֲלָ׳. Targum Exodus 32, 18. ↗ original
חַלָּשׁוּת (the preceding) weakness, laxity. Targum I Kings 12, 10 Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 10, 17; and elsewhere ↗ original
חַלְּתָא ; especially the priest’s portion. Targum Numbers 15, 20.—Eruvin 83ᵃ אייתי ח׳ שדי עליהו he brought the priest’s portion in addition to it. ↗ original
חַלְתָּא (חלל, compare חֵילַת I) a loose wicker-work used for making bee-hives, strainers, for wine presses, screens etc. Sanhedrin 107ᵃ תותי ח׳ behind a screen (Rashi: bee-hive; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 148 כילתא). the same place (ibid.) פתקה לח׳ it (the arrow) made an opening in the screen. Shabbath 35ᵃ ח׳ בת תרי כורי a basket containing two khor. the same place (ibid.) 74ᵇ האי מאן דעבד ח׳ he who makes a wicker-work on the Sabbath (going through the whole process of cutting reeds etc.).—plural חַלָּאתָא, חַלָּתָא. Avodah Zarah 75ᵃ חלתא דיקולי וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition דקולי וחלא׳, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) incorr. ח׳ דדיק׳) the palm or reed strainers which are twined with ropes of palm-rind. ↗ original
חָם 1 (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Ham, the son of Noah. Sanhedrin 69ᵇ ח׳ גדול וכ׳ H. was the elder of Japheth by one year etc. the same place (ibid.) 108ᵇ ח׳ לקה בעורו H. was punished on his skin (was made black); Bereshith Rabbah section 36 יצא ח׳ מפוהם Ḥ. came out (of the ark) blackened; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָם 2warm, hot, boiling. Pesachim 75ᵇ, and the following; and frequently—Niddah 43ᵃ בשרו חם his membrum excited.—plural חַמִּים, חַמִּין (supply (understood word) מים) hot water. Shabbath 134ᵇ ח׳ שהוחמו וכ׳ hot water which was made hot on the Sabbath; and frequently—חַמֵּי טבריה the hot springs of Tiberias, in gen. natural hot water, opposite to חמי האור water heated by fire. Chullin 8ᵃ (Nega'im 9, 1 מֵי); and frequently—Fem.חַמָּה. Makhshirin 3, 3 פת ח׳ hot bread. ↗ original
חָם 3 see Ges. H. Dictionary10 under the word) father-in-law, husband’s father, wife’s father. Yevamoth 15, 7 חָמִי my husband’s father. the same place (ibid.) 1, 1 חָמִיו his (the yabam’s) father-in-law. Pesachim 87ᵃ כלה בבית חָמִיהָ a bride in the house of her father-in-law (after being conducted to the husband’s home); and very frequently—Fem.חָמוֹת which see ↗ original
חָמָא 1 Targum Genesis 38, 13 חָמוּיִיךְ (edition Berlin edition חֲ׳; other חָמוּךְ). Targum Onkelos the same place (ibid.) 25 חֲמוּהָא. Targum Onkelos Exodus 18, 2 חֲמוּהִי edition Berlin edition (other חָ׳, Yerushalmi (prefix) חָמוֹי); and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᵈ bottom of the page חמוי. Bava Metzia 74ᵇ בי חַמְוֵה in the house of his daughter’s father-in-law. Kiddushin 12ᵇ; Yevamoth 52ᵃ חמוה his father-in-law. the same place (ibid.) 117ᵇ חֲמוּהָ her father-in-law; and frequently ↗ original
חָמָא 2Ḥama, name of several Amoraim. Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 3, 50ᶜ bottom of the page R. Ḥ., father of R. Hoshaya.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, 21ᵇ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, 49ᵃ bottom of the page; and elsewhere (see Friedman M’bo, p. 85ᵇ).—the same place (ibid.) 49ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵃ; Bava Metzia 86ᵇ, and frequently R. Ḥ. bar Ḥănina.—Bava Kamma 99ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵈ, and frequently R. Ḥ. bar Gurya.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 7, 23ᶜ; Babylonian Eruvin 65ᵇ bottom of the page Munich manuscript (edition חנינא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) R. Ḥ. bar Joseph.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 8, 31ᶜ top, and frequently R. Ḥ. bar Ukba. ↗ original
חַמָּא (חמם; compare חַמָּם) radish. Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ bottom of the page ח׳ לחמה Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חַמָּה) radishes are good for fever. Pesachim 116ᵃ קפא דחסא ח׳ וכ׳ against the injurious effects of lettuce apply radishes etc. ↗ original
חֶמְאָה see חמי) [pressed, thick,] cream or butter. Berachoth 63ᵇ (referring to Proverbs 30, 33) ח׳ של תורה the cream of the Law (sound knowledge). Bava Metzia 86ᵇ בשכר ח׳ וכ׳ as a reward for the offer of cream and milk (Genesis 18, 8). ↗ original
חֶמְאֲתָא Targum Proverbs 30, 33, see חַאיְתָא. ↗ original
חָמַד [to be hot,] to desire, covet; to be carnally excited. Niddah 20ᵇ חֲמַדְתִּיו (or חִמַּ׳Pi'el) I had a desire for his embrace. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 19, 11 מי חְמָדָן which (of the two) holds them desirable; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 676 [read]: מי החוֹמְדִין. Mechilta Yithro, Baḥod. section 8 שאתה חומד וכ׳ that you may desire his daughter for your son; ח׳ בדבור expressing a desire by words (without thinking of means to obtain the object of his desire). [the same place (ibid.) edition Weiss, אם התאוה סופו לַחֲמוֹד if one desires (what belongs to his neighbor), he will finally covet it (think of means to obtain it). the same place (ibid.) אם ח׳ סופו וכ׳ if he covets, he will finally use force and rob. Bava Metzia 5ᵇ לאו דלא תַחְמוֹד, see לַאו; and frequently—participle pass. חָמוּד, feminine חֲמוּדָהdesirable, precious. Pesikta Rabbati section 36 ח׳ ונאה precious and fine (of conduct).—Shabbath 88ᵇ ח׳ גנוזה edition, see חֶמְדָּה.—[ (= חָמַר) to produce shrivelling by heat. Sanhedrin 7, 2 (52ᵃ) Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (referring to Daniel 10, 3; variant reading חמר). Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְמַדto be desired, desirable. Tanchuma Vayera 5 שאתה נֶחְמָד לפני וכ׳ that thou art held desirable before the Lord; and elsewhere—[ to be shrivelled. Chullin 3, 3 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), variant reading נחמר, see above.] Pi'el פִּעֵל חִימֵּדto covet. Makkoth 3, 15 שנפשו … מתאוה להן ומְחַמַּדְתָּן which man longs for and covets. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַמֵּד,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַמֵּד (with ל) to be anxious for; to be pleased with. Tanchuma Mishpatim 17 ארץ שנִתְחַמְּדוּ לה וכ׳ a land which all the great men were anxious to possess (Yalkut Shimoni Jeremiah 271 שהָמְדוּ). Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 7 בוראך מִתְחַמֵּד לך thy Creator is pleased with thee; תורתו מִתְחַמֶּדֶת לך His law is etc. ↗ original
חֲמַד Targum Isaiah 1, 29; and frequently—participle feminine (חֲמֵידַת) חְמֵידָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 4, 1. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַמֵּיד, חַמֵּדsame, to long. Targum Onkelos Genesis 31, 30 (Yerushalmi (prefix) מִתְחַמְדָּא חֲמִדְתָּא).—Niddah 66ᵃ bottom of the page מְחַמְּדָא, see חִימּוּד. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַמַּד,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְחֲמַדsame.—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis the passage cited—the same place (ibid.) 28, 10.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᵈ top מִתְחֲמַד וכ׳ being desirous to hear her talk. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᶜ bottom of the page הוו מִתְחַמְּדִין וכ׳ were anxious to see etc. Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 10; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֶמְדָּהthe preceding words) same. Shabbath 152ᵃ (explained אביונה, Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 5) זו ח׳ that means the sexual appetite; (Koheleth Rabbah to the passage cited תַּאֲוָה).). desirability, desirable object, precious gift. Tanchuma Sh’moth 29, and elsewhere דבר שהוא ח׳ מתוך ח׳ something which is the most desirable of all desirable things. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, beginning 65ᵃ כלי אחד של ח׳ the only precious vessel (the Torah) left to us. Shabbath 88ᵇ ח׳ גנוזה Munich manuscript (edition חמודה) a reserved treasure (the Law); and frequently ↗ original
חֵמָהheat, anger. Sanhedrin 82ᵇ משיב ח׳ בן וכ׳ he is an allayer of (divine) anger, the son of etc. Bamidbar Rabbah section 20 נתמלא עליה ח׳ he became angry at her. Echah Rabbah to 1, 6 חֲמָתוֹ של הב"ה the anger of the Lord; and frequently Ḥemah, allegorical name of one of the angels of justice. Shemoth Rabbah section 41, end; and elsewhere, see אַף 2. ↗ original
חַמָּהsun. Berachoth 59ᵇ ח׳ בתקופתה the sun starting on his new cycle (of twenty eight years). Bamidbar Rabbah section 14 י"ב הדשים לח׳ the twelve solar months. Nedarim 3, 7 רואי הח׳ those seeing (or feeling) the sun; שלא נתכוין … שהח׳ וכ׳ for he meant him whom the sun sees; and very frequently—Yevamoth 8, 4, and frequently סריס ח׳ a eunuch from the time of seeing the sun, i.e. born without visible testicles; opposite to סריס אדם. fever. Shabbath 137ᵃ, and elsewhere, see חָלַץ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 19, end, 17ᵇ, see אָחַז. Bereshith Rabbah section 19, and elsewhere, see אַבְאָבִית. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, end, 4ᵇ (proverb) פת חמה חַמָּתָהּ בצדה hot bread has its heat by its side, i.e. eating hot bread causes fever; and frequently radish. Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ bottom of the page, see חַמָּא.—5. חַמַּת. ↗ original
חַמּוּם (חמם) heated, rash.—plural חַמּוּמוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᵇ bottom of the page היו ידיו ח׳ his hands were heated, i.e. he was very severe in executing judgment. ↗ original
חַמּוּקrundle.—plural חַמּוּקִים. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 370 שתי ידות … ח׳ two handles (pins) of the shape of two rundles, see חָרַץ. ↗ original
חֲמוֹר common gender (Biblical Hebrew; see חָמַר 2 a. [load-carrier, compare גָּמָל.] ass. Niddah 31ᵃ, see גָּרַם. Shabbath 152ᵃ דעל ח׳ וכ׳ he who rides an ass is a freeman. Bava Bathra 143ᵃ את וח׳ thou and the ass (shall own my property, a form of donation implying a rational and an irrational being).—Bechoroth 1, 2 ח׳ שילדה וכ׳ if an ass gave birth to etc. Sanhedrin 33ᵃ הלכה חֲמוֹרְךָ וכ׳ thy ass is gone, Tarfon! (I shall have to make compensation for erroneous judgment); and frequently (compare various uses of horse) a contrivance for working-men, rest, jack, stocks etc. Kelim 14, 3 ח׳ של נפחין the smiths’ ass (‘on which the smith sits while using its head as an anvil’, Maimonides; ‘the rest of the bellows’, Rabbenu Shimshon). the same place (ibid.) 18, 3 וח׳ a stand on which the bedstead is placed. Bereshith Rabbah section 65, end ח׳ של חרשים carpenters’ sawing-jack (an instrument for torture); Bereshith Rabbah section 70 (alluding to Proverbs 27, 22) אפי׳ … בח׳ של חרשים וכ׳ even if you put the wicked man on a carpenter’s jack, you cannot make anything useful out of him (sufferings will have no effect on him); Yalkut Shimoni Kings 201; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 961; (Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shekalim, p. 15ᵃ במכתש).—plural חֲמוֹרִים. Shabbath 112ᵇ. Bereshith Rabbah section 75; and frequently—Denom. חַמָּר, חִמִּר.—Fem.חֲמוֹרָה. Tosefta Kilayim 5, 5. ↗ original
חָמוּר (חָמַר 1) heavy, weighty, important; strict, severe, stringent, restrictive. Kelim 1, 4 ח׳ שבכולם וכ׳ the most stringent of all are the laws concerning corpses.—איסור ח׳, see אִיסּוּר.—Sanhedrin 50ᵃ שריפה ח׳ וכ׳ death by burning is a severer punishment than etc. the same place (ibid.) 9, 4, and elsewhere נידון בח׳ he suffers the severer penalty of the two. Avoth 2, 1 כבחמורה as in the observance of a difficult commandment (requiring self-denial); and frequently—plural חֲמוּרִים, חֲמוּרִין, feminine חֲמוּרוֹת. Chullin 12, 5; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᵇ top חֲמוּרוֹתָיו של וכ׳ (not חומר׳) the heaviest sins that Jeroboam committed.—דורשי חֲמוּרוֹת, see חוֹמֶר 2. קלים וחֲמוּרִים, see חוֹמֶר I. ↗ original
חָמוֹת see חָם 3) mother-in-law. Yevamoth 1, 1 חֲמוֹתוֹ the yabam’s wife’s mother. the same place (ibid.) 16, 1 היתה לה ח׳ וכ׳ if the childless widow had a mother-in-law abroad (who may have given birth to a son), she need not take it into consideration (and may marry again); and frequently ↗ original
חֲמוֹתָא Targum Deuteronomy 27, 23; and elsewhere; see חֲמָתָא↗ original
חֲמַט 1 (compare חמץ) to be dark.—Denom. חוּמְטָא. to be bitter, salty, see חוּמְטוֹן. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיחֲמַטto be inflamed, become pestered. Shabbath 54ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see next word↗ original
חֲמַט 2 (compare חבט) to knock down.—participle pass. חָמֵיט, חֲמִיטprostrated, kneeling, (as verb) to kneel. Targum Isaiah 46, 1. Targum Psalms 95, 6 נַחֲמוֹט (some edition נַחֲמִיט). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 28, 35 חֲמִיטְתּוּן … עבירתא (some edition חַמִּי׳ incorr.; not עבידתא); compare Targum Job 4, 4 דחָמְטָן. [Koheleth Rabbah to 4, 9, end חמטת, some edition, read: דמָטַת.] Pa'el פִּעֵל חַמֵּיטto prostrate, subdue. Targum Psalms 17, 13. the same place (ibid.) 18, 40 Reg. (edition תברתא). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֲמִיטsame. the same place (ibid.) 78, 31. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיחֲמַטto knock against, be battered. Shabbath 54ᵇ דלא לִיחַמְטָן אליתייהו Munich manuscript (edition incorr.) that their tails may not knock against (the rocks etc., Rashi; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): ‘may not ulcerate’; see Syriac (Peshitta) חמטא pustula, ulcus, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1303; see the preceding). ↗ original
חֲמִי (Arab. ḥama tueri) [to surround, guard, see חוֹמָה,] to observe, see (in Yerushalmi (prefix) dialect). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 1, 4 (O. חזא); and very frequently—Targum Proverbs 23, 33 manuscript (edition ויחַוְור׳).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 3, 17ᵈ bottom of the page אתא חמי (= תא חזי, Hebrew בא וראה) come and see. Bereshith Rabbah section 14 דאת חָמֵי לאפויי וכ׳ (not דאתח׳) that thou shalt see his face in the hereafter; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 2; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 621 חמוי (correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) חַמְתֵיה (frequently חמה) he saw him. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Eth Korb. p. 57ᵇ (see Buber edition note 15) חַמְתִי אכיל חַמְתִי שתי did he (Moses) see me (the Lord) eat etc.?; Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 776 חַמְתֵיה וכ׳ did he see Him etc.?; and frequently—participle pass. חֲמֵי (see חֲזִי) fit, worthy. Targum Psalms 15, 1. the same place (ibid.) 58, 2 (edition חֲמִי); and frequently—Fem. חַמְיָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 22, 16. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֲמֵי (followed by (followed by מ־, compare סור) to turn (the eye) from. Targum Proverbs 28, 27 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) מהמי, Hebrew text מעלים, see Syriac (Peshitta) המא Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1017). to cause to see, to show. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 41, 28; and elsewhere—Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 ואַחְמִין ליה וכ׳ and showed him a measure full of denars. the same place (ibid.) רבתי (חד כות׳ 1) דכל עמא מַחְמִין לי וכ׳ that all people point at me with their fingers. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַמֵּיsame. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵃ bottom of the page חַמֵּי (לה) לי let me see it (the tooth). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַמֵּי,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְחֲמֵיto be seen, to appear. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 8, 5; and frequently—[Targum Psalms 42, 3 אִתַּחֲמֵי manuscript (Ittaf.) I shall appear before (Hebrew text אֵרָאֶה, variant reading a. edition אֶחְמֵי)].—Moed Katan 25ᵇ אִתְחֲמִיאוּ וכ׳ stars were seen in day time. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 8, end, 21ᵇ דחמי ולא מִתְחֲמֵי He who sees but cannot be seen. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joḥ. 1) מִתְחַמְאִין, see מַשְׁתָּיֵי; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲמִיטָה (חמט 2, compare חוּבְטָא, חָבִיץ) a batter of which flat cakes are made, batter-cake. T’bul Yom 1, 1. the same place (ibid.) 2, 4; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 2, 2 (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) חמיתה, correct accordingly). Maasroth 1, 7 נותן לחמי׳ edition Yerushalmi (prefix) a. Munich manuscript (Babylonian edition a. Mishnah לחֲמָטָה) he may put (the oil) on the cake (Maimonides: into the pan); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 7; 9 נותן להם מיטה edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading לחמיתה, carr. according)—plural חֲמִיטוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 10, 47ᵃ bottom of the page חמטתינו (read: חֲמִיטוֹתֵינוּ or חֲמָ׳). ↗ original
חֲמִילָה (חמל; compare Syriac (Peshitta) חמל, Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1303, and the following) a blanket of thick, coarse stuff. Nedarim 7, 3. the same place (ibid.) 55ᵇ; Tosefta Shabbath V (6), 14 מילא edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading המלא, חמלא).—plural חֲמִילוֹת. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 5, 11. Tosefta Nega'im 5, 14 חמולות (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חַמִּים common gender = Hebrew חָם 2, warm, hot, fresh. Targum I Samuel 21, 7; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, 35ᵃ bottom of the page, and elsewhere פיתא ח׳ fresh bread. Eruvin 3ᵃ; Bava Bathra 24ᵇ (proverb) קדרא … לא ח׳ וכ׳ a pot belonging to two partners is neither warm nor cold. Chullin 6ᵇ בר … ליכול ח׳ let the scholar eat fresh food, and I shall be contented with cold; and frequently—plural חַמִּימִין, חַמִּימֵיhot water (see חָם 2). Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 4, 44ᵇ bottom of the page חמר וח׳ wine mixed with hot water. Chullin 46ᵇ.—Shabbath 55ᵃ רישך בקרירי … בח׳ thy chief (1) shall be punished with cold water, but thy chief’s chief (the Resh Galutha) with boiling water (he is reponsible); and elsewhere ↗ original
חַמִּימוּתָא (the preceding) heat, heated state. Pesachim 76ᵃ מחמת ח׳ דחרס through the heat of the earthen vessel. ↗ original
חֲמִימָתָא (compare Arab. ḥamâm) [dark-colored] a species of doves, ring-doves (?). Gittin 69ᵇ (other opinion hens). ↗ original
חַמִּין masculine = חַמִּים. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 7ᵇ top שמשא ח׳ it is warm in the sun, טולא ח׳ in the shade. [Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 24 ימא דח׳, see חֲמָץ.] [ח׳, plural of חָם 2.] ↗ original
חֲמֵיסַר (= חמיש עסר) fifteen; the fifteenth. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 23, 6. the same place (ibid.) 12, 4; and elsewhere—Megillah 5ᵇ בר ח׳ one observing Purim on the fifteenth of Ădar; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲמִיר 1 = Hebrew חָמוּרloaded. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 49, 14 ח׳ באורייתא loaded with the (knowledge of the) Law. grave, strict, stringent. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 14, 30.—Chullin 10ᵃ ח׳ סכנתא וכ׳ regulations concerning health and life are made more stringent than ritual laws; and frequently—plural feminine חֲמִירָתָאrestrictions, strict measures. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 41ᵈ bottom of the page מן ח׳ דרב one of Rab’s strict regulations. ↗ original
חֲמִיר 2 (חֲמַר 2) strong leaven(Hebrew ; leavened bread. Targum Exodus 12, 15; and frequently—Pesachim 5ᵇ, see בְּעַר.—Avodah Zarah 66ᵃ ח׳ דשערי leaven of barley flour. Menachoth 43ᵃ, see אַרְכְּסָא; and frequently ↗ original
חֲמִישִׁיfifth; (supply (understood word) יום) the fifth day of the week. Megillah 1, 2, and the following; and frequently—Fem.חֲמִישִׁית. the same place (ibid.) 3, 4 בח׳ on the fifth Sabbath; and frequently—Esp. (Leviticus 5, 24) the penalty of the fifth part added to the indemnity. Bava Kamma 65ᵇ.—plural חֲמִישִׁיּוֹת. the same place (ibid.) (referring to חֲמִשִׁתָיו, Leviticus the passage cited) ח׳ הרבה וכ׳ (edition חֲמִשִׁ׳) repeated penalties connected with one object of indemnity. ↗ original
חֲמִישַׁי Targum Genesis 1, 23 (edition Amsterdam edition שָׁאִי …); and frequently—Fem.חֲמִישֵׁיתָא, שִׁיתָא … Targum Leviticus 19, 25.—Pesikta Rabbati section 23 (edition Friedman p. 115ᵇ) חֲמִישְׁתָּא; the same place (ibid.) (p. 120ᵃ) חמשיתא (correct accordingly) the fifth day of the week.—5. חֲמְשִׁיתָא. ↗ original
חָמַל (Biblical Hebrew) [to be warm,] to have compassion. Menachoth 53ᵇ (play on המולה, Jeremiah 11, 16) חָמַלְתִּי עליהם I had mercy on them. ↗ original
חֲמָם (see next word; compare ἄμωμον, see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word) amomum, an Indian (also Syriac) spice. ʿUktsin 3, 5 (some edition incorr. חמס); Niddah 51ᵇ חימות (correct accordingly); Sifré Deuteronomy 107 חימום; Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 9, end, 25ᵈ חכם (correct accordingly); Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 3, 79ᶜ חמה (correct accordingly).—Bereshith Rabbah section 45, beginning הִ׳ היא צריכה (הימוס, correct accordingly) she needs amomum (as medicine for sterility). Cmp. הִימַלְתָּא, אַמִּיתָא. ↗ original
חָמַם (Biblical Hebrew) to be warm, hot; [(of color) to be dark, red; (of taste) to be pungent, sour, bitter]. participleחָם, which see Pi'el פִּעֵל חִמֵּםto heat, warm, boil. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 4, 38ᶜ bottom of the page לחַמֵּם בו את ידיו to warm his hands against it (the bread). Bereshith Rabbah section 14, end מְחַמֶּמֶת הגוף keeps the body warm. Shabbath 40ᵇ ומְחַמַּמְתָּהּ וכ׳ and warms it (her hand) before the fire; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֵיחֵםsame. Betzah 2, 5 לא יֵחֵם וכ׳ one must not prepare warm water for etc. Shabbath 40ᵃ התחילו … להָחֵם בשבת the bathers began to heat (the water) on the Sabbath; and frequently—participle מֵיחֵם, מֵחֵם, plural מְחַמִּין. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3 (4), 7 מיחם אדם וכ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) מייחם, read: מֵיחֵים), see אְלוּנְטִית I; [Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 19, 17ᵃ bottom of the page מחמין הוא אדם (read as the same place (ibid.) 9, 12ᵃ bottom of the page מְחַמֵּם הוא וכ׳].—the same place (ibid.) אם מפני הסכנה מְחַמִּין לו וכ׳ if it is for the sake of averting danger to life, may we not even boil water on the Sabbath?—Betzah 22ᵃ; and very frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נָחַם, נֵחוֹםto be warmed. Shabbath 3, 5 (41ᵃ) בשביל שיֵחַמּוּ that they become warm; Shabbath 41ᵇ שיֵחוֹמּוּ; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3 (4), 5 שׁיֵיחַמּוּ; and elsewhere Hof. הֻפְעַל הוּחָםsame. Shabbath 134ᵇ שהוּחַמּוּ, see חָם 2. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, 61ᶜ; and frequently—Bava Metzia 6, 3 הוּחַמָּה the animal was overtaken by the heat. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַמֵּם,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַמֵּםto warm one’s self; to become heated. Betzah 2, 5; Tosefta Shabbath the passage cited Tamid 1, 1. Avoth 2, 10 הוי מִתְחַמֵּם וכ׳ warm thyself by the fire of the scholars (try to associate with them); and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 16ᶜ bottom of the page נתח׳ was heated (had pollution). Bereshith Rabbah section 24 מִתְחַמְּמִים, מִתְחַמְּמוֹתconceived↗ original
חֲמַם Targum Onkelos Genesis 18, 1; and elsewhere; see חוּםPa'el פִּעֵל חַמֵּיםto warm, heat.—participle pass. מְחַמַּם. Targum Hosea 7, 7. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֵיםto heat, excite, see חוּם.—2) אַחְמַםto become hot; to have pollution. Niddah 43ᵃ כל אחְמוּמֵי והדר א׳ וכ׳ getting heated once and again immediately after. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַמֵּם,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיחֲמַםto warm one’s self. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 18, 1.—Shabbath 110ᵇ כד איח׳ edition (Munich manuscript אַחְ׳, see above) when he had warmed himself.—* to restrain one’s anger. Targum 2 Esther 5, 10 [probably to be read: ואִתְחַמַּס, see חֲמַס; compare חֲסַן]. ↗ original
חַמָּן see חַמָּה) solar columns, [probably a phallus, compare חֲנִיסְנְסַיָּא]. Sifra B’har Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9, end (referring to לא תקימו, Leviticus 26, 1) אלו הח׳ וכ׳ that means the ḥammanim on roof-tops. Mechilta Bo, section 11 (referring to Exodus 12, 2 משכי מחַמָּנֵיכֶם withdraw from your ḥ. the same place (ibid.) Yithro, section 5, end לח׳. the same place (ibid.) section 6 מן הח׳ (edition Weiss a. Friedman everywhere ע"ז). ↗ original
חָמַס see Ges. H. Dictionary10 under the word) [to be heated, passionate,] to insult, do violence, to rob. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᵈ bottom of the page לא סוף … אלא חֲמוֹס וכ׳ finally one does not say to another man, Kill that man, but, Attack etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 45 (referring to חמסי, the same place (ibid.) 16, 5) חוֹמְסֵנִי את בדברים וכ׳ thou provokest me to speak harshly, because thou seest etc. Bereshith Rabbah section 65, beginning מלכות … גוזלת וחוֹמֶסֶת the wicked government (Rome) robs and extorts; and frequently—Vayikra Rabbah section 26 דור ודור וחוֹמְסָיו each generation with its violent men.—participle passive חָמוּס. the same place (ibid.) section 30 גזול אני ח׳ אני I have been taken by force, by extortion. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְמַסto be ruined (compare חָבַל). Echah Rabbah to 2, 6 כגנה שנ׳ מעיינה וכ׳ like a garden the spring of which has been ruined, so that its vegetables fade. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִימֵּס (of beasts of prey) to seize with fangs, scratch with nails. Bereshith Rabbah section 45 (play on חמסי, see above) חִימְּסָה פניו Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בפניו, some edition חימסא, incorr.) she scratched his face; Ylamdenu to Genesis the passage cited (quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh)) חיטטה אותו וחימסה פניו כנמיה she scratched him and marked his face like a marten; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 79 (not חומסה). ↗ original
חֲמַס —Denom. חומָסָא. *. אִתְחַמֵּסto do violence to one’s self, to restrain one’s self. Targum 2 Esther 5, 10, see חֲמַם. [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 7, 21 אתחמסי, read: אִתְמְסִי or אִתְהַמְסִי, see מְסִי.] ↗ original
חָמָסthe preceding) violence, extortion. Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 4, 9ᶜ bottom of the page (referring to Genesis 6, 13) מה היה חֲמָסָן what was the nature of their violence? Bereshith Rabbah section 31 (distinction between ח׳ a. גֶּזֶל); and elsewhere—plural חֲמָסִים. Bereshith Rabbah section 65 … שלא גזילות ח׳ that thou wilt not give me to eat what has been obtained by robbery or extortion. Vayikra Rabbah section 2. Koheleth Rabbah to 3, 9; and elsewhere ↗ original
חַמְסָן (the preceding) violent man, extortioner. Bava Kamma 62ᵃ (defining the difference between the ח׳ and the גַּזְלָן) ח׳ יהיב וכ׳ the ḥamsan takes by force and pays.—plural חַמְסָנִים, חַמְסָנִין. Sanhedrin 25ᵇ הוסיפו עליהן … והח׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) והחוֹ׳) they added to them (the class of persons disqualified for judges or witnesses) the robbers and those taking forcibly (and paying); Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 7, 37ᵈ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 1, 57ᶜ top of the page ↗ original
חֲמַע 1to be sour; to be leavened. Targum Onkelos Exodus 12, 34; and elsewhere; see חֲמִיעַ.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 2, end, 29ᶜ בגין דיִחְמַע that it might turn sour (vinegar). Pa'el פִּעֵל חַמֵּעַto leaven. Pesachim 41ᵃ חַמּוּעֵי מְחַמֵּעַ (not מחמעא; Rashi: אַחְמוּעֵי מַחְמַעAf'el) (the flour) causes leavening.—participle pass. מְחַמַּע, see below. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְמַעto turn sour, leaven, ferment. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus the passage cited to cause leavening. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Leviticus 2, 11 דמַחְמַע (variant reading דמְחַמַּע); see above. ↗ original
חָמַץ [to be hot,] to do violence, to wrong. Sanhedrin 35ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 1, 17) אשרו חָמוּץ ולא חוֹמֵץ right the oppressed, but not the oppressor (listen to the complainant first); Yoma 39ᵇ ↗ original
חָמֵץ 1 see the preceding) [to be hot,] to ferment, be sour. Ad. Avodah Zarah 68ᵇ מי גרם לה שתֶּחְמַץ וכ׳ what was the cause that it (the dough) became leavened (rose) in one hour? Pi'el פִּעֵל חִמֵּץto cause leavening. the same place (ibid.)ᵃ ראויה לחַמֵּץ וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition לחַמֵּעַ) fit to leaven with it many other doughs. the same place (ibid.) וחִימְּצוּ; Orlah 2, 11 נצטרפו וחִמְּצוּ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition הצטרפו וחִימֵּיצוּ) and the two combined produced the required leavening, the same place (ibid.) 9 וחִמְּצָהּ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition וחִימֵּיצָהּ; Avodah Zarah the passage cited והֶחְמִיצָהּ) and it made the dough rise. Orlah 2 6 כל המְחַמֵּץ whatever is used for producing fermentation; and frequently—Transferred to mature, to continue a case over night, to reserve judgment. Sanhedrin 35ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 1, 17, see the preceding) אשרו דיין שמְחַמֵּץ את וכ׳ Manuscript Karlsruhe (edition אשרי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 20) praise the judge (in capital cases) who reserves his judgment (over night); Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 257. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְמִיץsame. Pesachim 40ᵃ מי פירות אינן מַחְמִיצִין juice of fruits produces no leavening (in the ritual sense). Avodah Zarah 68ᵃ כדי להחמיץ (Orlah 2, 8 לחַמֵּץ) enough to leaven the dough. Mechilta Bo section 10 שאור שהוא מַחְמִיץ לאחרים leaven which is used for leavening other doughs; and frequently—Transferred to procrastinate. the same place (ibid.) section 9 (play on המַצּוֹת, Exodus 12, 17) כדרך … אין מַחְמִיצִין את המִצְוָה as well as you must not allow the matsah to become sour, so you must not allow the mitsvah (religious act) to become sour by postponement; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 201. to turn sour, to ferment. Avodah Zarah 68ᵇ ראויה להַחְמִיץ וכ׳ (Munich manuscript לחמע) is likely to ferment in two hours. Niddah 9, 7 מי רגלים שהֶחְמִיצוּ urin which ferments.—Transferred to degenerate, become wicked. Rosh Hashanah 3ᵇ קודם שה׳ before he (the Persian King) changed for the worse. Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַמֵּץto become sour(חָמֵץ). Pesachim 28ᵇ; 43ᵃ נ׳ מאליו became sour of itself (not through a leavening means). ↗ original
חֲמַץ (the preceding words) to be hot, (of color) red, see חִימּוּצָא, חִימּוּצָתָא.to be sour, salty etc. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַמֵּיץto put to shame. Targum Proverbs 10, 1 (Hebrew text תוגת), see חִימּוּצָא. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְמִיץsame. the same place (ibid.) 25, 8; 28, 7 (manuscript same. the same place (ibid.) 25, 8; 28, 7 (manuscript Pa'el; Hebrew text הכלים). to degenerate. Rosh Hashanah 4ᵃ מנלן דא׳ what evidence have we that he became wicked?, see the preceding↗ original
חָמֵץ 2the preceding words) leavened bread, anything containing leavened substance (of the five species of grain, see Challah 1, 1, and the following). Pesachim 1, 1, see בָּדַק. the same place (ibid.) 2, 2 ח׳ של עכ"ום וכ׳ ḥamets belonging to a gentile over which the Passover passed (which existed during the Passover week). the same place (ibid.) 3 על חֲמֵצוֹ (trad. pronunc. חֶמְצוֹ as if frequently חֵמֶץ) on ḥ. belonging to him. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 8, 38ᵇ bottom of the page חֲמֵיצָן של וכ׳ ḥ. belonging to Samaritans; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ bottom of the page אכל חמצין (read: חֲמֵיצָן) ate their (the Samaritans’) ḥ. (immediately after Passover); and very frequently—plural חֲמֵצִים, חֲמֵציןsalads, see חוּמְצָן. ↗ original
חֲמָץ (Gr. Ἔμεσα, Ἔμισσα) Ḥămâts, Emesa (mod. Hums) a city of Syria on the Eastern bank of the Orontes. Bereshith Rabbah section 37; Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᵇ bottom of the page (explained צמרי, Genesis 10, 18).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵇ bottom of the page ימא דח׳ the Lake of E. (an artificial bay made under Diocletian); Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 24 ימא דחמין (correct accordingly).—Denom. חֲמָצָאֵי, חוֹמְצָאֵי masculine plural inhabitants of Emesa. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 10, 18; Targum I Chronicles 1, 16. ↗ original
חִמְצָא , see חִימְ׳.—[חמצין, Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 5, 44ᵈ bottom of the page, see חָמץ 2.] ↗ original
חַמְצָן(חָמַץ), בן ח׳a grasping person. Yoma 39ᵃ, and the following (Oxford manuscript omits בן); Kiddushin 53ᵃ; see חָאפוּן. ↗ original
חָמַר 1 (compare חָבַר) to join; to pile up, to load. ʿUktsin 2, 5 והבצלים שחֲמָרָן and the onions which one has piled up; see אָמַן.—Zevachim 53ᵃ וחוֹמֵר בגודלו וכ׳ and loads (i.e. supports the index finger) with his thumb on top and the little finger below (like a balanced load, see חֶבֶר a. אֵבֶר); [variant reading סוֹמֵךְ, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 3]; Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 469. (denominative of חָמוּר) to be weighty, stringent. Oholoth 14, 3 אל יֶחְמוֹר זה וכ׳ this must not be made more stringent than etc.; [edition Dehr. יַחְמִיר.] Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְמִיר [to put a load on,] to pass a restrictive law, to incline to the stricter opinion, opposite היקל to make easy. Yevamoth 88ᵃ מתיך חומר שהֶחְמַרְתָּ עליה וכ׳ on account of the restrictions under which the law puts her in the end (if she marries again and her first husband appears), it is made easy for her in the beginning (by allowing her to marry again), i.e. her heavy responsibility will make her cautious; Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 1, beginning 43ᵃ (add: מתוך). Niddah 66ᵃ, and frequently הֶחְמִירוּ על עצמן they placed themselves under greater restrictions (than the law requires). Nedarim 1, 1 להחְמִיר, see חָכַךְ 2. Eduy. 3, 10, and elsewhere מַחְמִיר כדברי וכ׳ he adopts the stricter opinion of etc.; and very frequently [. חִמֵּר , see חַמָּר 2.] ↗ original
חֲמַרPa'el פִּעֵל חַמַּר,Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְמִיר as the precedingHif'il—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 7, 50ᶜ bottom of the page [read:] חמתון מקילין לון וחַ׳ וכ׳ he saw them to be lax in their practices, and he enjoined strictness on them. Yevamoth 88ᵃ לא לִיחַמֵּיר וכ׳ let one not put her under heavy restrictions (in the end), and not make it too easy for her (in the beginning, see the preceding). Niddah 66ᵃ היכא דאַחְמוּר וכ׳ in those cases in which they have placed themselves under greater restrictions (than the law requires, see the preceding), they have done so (and follow the usage like a law), but where they have not etc. (you cannot extend the adopted usage by analogy); and frequently—participle pass. מַחְמַר, מְחַמַּרpiled up, ruins; see מַחְמר a. דִּמְחַמְרָא. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַמַּרto be piled up, to form a pile of ruins (compare גַּל). Targum Isaiah 17, 9; 30, 13. ↗ original
חָמַר 2 (Biblical Hebrew) [to be hot,] to glow, to parch (compare כָּמַר). Sanhedrin 7, 2 וחוֹמֶרֶת את וכ׳ and parches his entrails; (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see חָמַד). Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְמַרto be parched. Chullin 3, 3 נפלה לאור ונֶחְמְרוּ וכ׳ if the bird fell into fire, and (on examination after slaughtering it was found that) its bowels were affected by inhaling heat (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see חָמַד). Bereshith Rabbah section 38, end. ↗ original
חֲמַר ²to be hot, parched. Targum Job 30, 27 חֲמַרוּ (variant reading חֲמָרוּ, manuscript חַמָּרוּPa'el; Hebrew text רתח׳). to ferment, see next word, a. חֲמִירָא. ↗ original
חֲמַר 3 (the preceding) wine(Biblical Hebrew . Targum Numbers 6, 3; and frequently—Targum Hosea 3, 1 בחַמְרֵיה edition Lagarde edition (edition בחבריה, correct accordingly) in his wine (intoxication).—Shabbath 77ᵃ, and elsewhere, see דְּרֵי 2. Chullin 112ᵃ קרי ליה חמר בשר (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) המר) called it (that juice) meat-wine.—Bereshith Rabbah section 91 end ח׳ קטף wine mixed with resin.—Eruvin 53ᵇ, see אִימַּר; and frequently—plural חַמְרִין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 50, 1. ↗ original
חֲמָרass; in a transferred sense workingman’s contrivance, jack etc. Targum Isaiah 21, 7. Targum Exodus 13, 13; and frequently—Shabbath 66ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 6, 8ᶜ, see אָנְקִטְמִין; and very frequently—plural חֲמָרִין, חֲמָרַיָּא, חֲמָרֵי. Targum Genesis 12, 16 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Amsterdam edition חַמְרִין). the same place (ibid.) 36, 24 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition Amsterdam edition חַמְרַיָּא); and elsewhere—Bereshith Rabbah section 38 (referring to בני האדם, Genesis 11, 5) וכי מה נאמר בני ח׳ could we think young asses (built it)?—Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 1, 21ᵈ bottom of the page the same place (ibid.) 22ᵃ top; and frequently ח׳ דמיא sea-ass, name of a sea fish, hake (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Onos). Avodah Zarah 39ᵃ ↗ original
חַמָּר 1 (see חֲמַר 2; compare חָמַם) dark; in a transferred sense mourning. Targum Psalms 35, 14; 38, 7 manuscript (edition חַכִּיר, Leviticus הביר; Hebrew text קֹדֵר). ↗ original
חַמָּר 2 (denominative of חֲמוֹר) ass-driver, attendant of beasts of burden. Kiddushin 4, 14, and elsewhere, see גַּמָּל. Kelim 26, 5 (6) עור החמיר ועור הח׳ Maimonides (see commentary or commentaries edition Dehr.; Mishnah edition עור הח׳, Talmud edition עור החמור) the ass’ leather cover and the ass-driver’s apron; and frequently—ח׳ גמל, see גַּמָּל.—plural חַמָּרִים, חַמָּרִין. Demai 4, 7. Kiddushin the passage cited and frequently—Denom.: חִמֵּרto direct a loaded beast’s motions by walking behind it, to load a beast. Shabbath 153ᵇ; Avodah Zarah 15ᵃ המְחַמֵּר אחר וכ׳ he who drives his beast of burden by walking behind it. Shabbath the passage cited והלא מחמר but does he not violate the Sabbath as a driver (by placing his money bag on the ass)?—Pesachim 66ᵇ מח׳ כלאחר יד הוא it is an act of driving in an unusual way (the lamb usually not being used as a beast of burden); and frequently ↗ original
חַמָּר Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 1, 64ᵇ bottom of the page ח׳ אנא I am an ass-driver. the same place (ibid.) פלן ח׳ יצלי let that certain ass-driver pray. [the same place (ibid.) חמר עבין ההוא גוברא וכ׳, read: חמש עבירן וכ׳, see margin edition Krot.]—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, beginning 23ᵇ הא שאלתא דח׳ in that form it would be an ass-driver’s question.—plural חַמָּרַיָּיא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 67ᶜ bottom of the page ↗ original
חַמֶּרֶת (חַמָּר) a company of ass-drivers, caravan. Sanhedrin 10, 5 (111ᵇ); Bava Bathra 8ᵃ. Tosefta Demai 1, 10 (contradistinguished to חַמָּר אהד); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 22ᵃ bottom of the page (incorr. version). ↗ original
חֲמָרְתָּא Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew חֲמוֹרָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 1, 21ᵈ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 5, 48ᵈ top; Bereshith Rabbah section 60 חֲמָרְתֵּיה דר׳ וכ׳ the sheass of R. etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 4, 6ᵃ bottom of the page חֲמָרְתִּי my ass. the same place (ibid.) חֲמָרְתִּה, see פָּחַת↗ original
חָמֵשׁ (Biblical Hebrew) five (numeral letter ה׳). Sanhedrin 5, 3 בחמש (supply (understood word) שעות) during the fifth hour of the day. the same place (ibid.) בחמשה (supply (understood word) ימים) on the fifth of the month.—Shabbath 77ᵇ חמשה אימות וכ׳ (supply (understood word) מִינֵי), see אֵימָה. Bava Metzia 4, 9 תשלומי ארבעה וח׳ fines of the fourfold or fivefold value (Exodus 21, 37); and very frequently—plural חֲמִשִּׁים (נ׳) fifty. Rosh Hashanah 21ᵇ. Avoth 5, 21 בן ח׳ at the age of fifty years; and very frequently—Denom. חִמֵּשׁto divide into five.—participle pass. מְחוּמָּשׁ; feminine מְחוּמֶּשֶׁת, plural מְחוּמָּשׁוֹת. Bava Bathra 150ᵃ ובלבד שיהו מח׳ provided the minimum of wool required is equally divided between the five lambs.—חֲמֵשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה feminine; חֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר masculine (ט"ו) fifteen. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 6, 8ᵇ (referring to וחמשים, Exodus 13, 18) בח׳ ע׳ מיני וכ׳ with fifteen kinds of arms. Taanith 4, 8 כח׳ ע׳ באב like the celebration of the fifteenth of Ab; and frequently—Constr. of חֲמִשָּׁה; חֲמֵשֶׁת. Kiddushin 30ᵃ ח׳ אלפים five thousand; and frequently ↗ original
חֲמֵשׁ Targum Genesis 45, 11. the same place (ibid.) 47, 2; and frequently—Yoma 84ᵃ ח׳ ומעלי וכ׳ on Thursday and on Friday; and frequently—plural חַמְשִׁיןfifty. Targum Numbers 31, 47; and frequently—Bava Metzia 51ᵃ; and frequently—חֲמֵישַׁת עַשְׂרָה (חֲמֵישְׁתְּ) fifteen. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 23, 6; and frequently; see חֲמֵיסַר. ↗ original
חַמְשִׁיתָא (the preceding words) a collection of five. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 2, 73ᵇ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 4ᵈ ח׳ קדמייתא the first five (mentioned Terumoth 1, 1); ח׳ בתרייתא the second five (mentioned the same place (ibid.) 6); (Readings vary חמשתיה, חמשתא). ↗ original
חֵמֶת (Biblical Hebrew) the skin of a goat drawn off the body without opening the belly and sewed up and pitched at the ends where the legs and the tail were cut off (see Sm. Bible Dictionary under the word Bottle), bottle, bag. Kelim 19, 8 הח׳ שבצים וכ׳ a bottle (of a skin of a he-goat) whose scrotum (originally made to receive liquids in connection with the bottle) became defective. the same place (ibid.) 20, 2 חֵמַת חלילין bag of the bagpipe (ascaula). the same place (ibid.) 28, 5 ח׳ שעשאה שטיח a closed up pouched skin which (by cutting open) was made a spread skin. Shabbath 152ᵃ a woman is ח׳ מלא דם(!) a bag full of blood (see version Oxford manuscript in Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 7). Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 6, 13. the same place (ibid.) 7, 11 הח׳ מעור הדג a bag made of the skin of a fish. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 4, end, 44ᵇ bottom of the page בחֶמְתּוֹ (not מח׳) in his wine bottle; and frequently—plural חֲמָתוֹת. Kelim 26, 4 (5) כל ח׳ Mishnah edition (Talmud edition כלי, correct accordingly); Menachoth 37ᵇ. Chullin 107ᵇ בבלאי ח׳ with pieces of goat skins wrapt around their hands (like gloves).—Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 137 חֵמוֹת. ↗ original
חַמָּתḤammath, name of a demon (fever, compare חֵימְתָא). Sanhedrin 101ᵃ זיקא דח׳ וכ׳ the blast (breath; Munich manuscript ריקא the spittle) of Ḥ. do I see in thy face (an eruption). ↗ original
חַמַּת , construct state of חַמָּהheat of; מֵחַ׳ through the heat of, from the effect of, in consequence of. Bava Metzia 6, 3 מח׳ המעלה overcome by heat through the exertion of climbing up the ascent. Chullin 4ᵇ מתו אחיו מח׳ מילה his brothers had died in consequence of the circumcision. Niddah 36ᵇ מח׳ עצמה spontaneously; מח׳ ולד in consequence of travailing; מח׳ אונס from an accidental cause; and frequently—(Also in Chaldaic (Aramaic) phraseology) Targum 2, Esther 7, 9 מחמת ד־ (edition Lagarde edition מהֵימַת) because they take etc.—Bava Kamma 114ᵃ כל אונסא דאתי מֵחַמְתֵיה any injury that may arise from his action (of selling). Avodah Zarah 15ᵃ אזל מחמתיה (the animal) moves at his instance; and frequently ↗ original
חֲמֵת (see חֵמְתָא) to get hot, angry. [חמת־, to see, see חֲמִי.] Pa'el פִּעֵל חַמֵּית,Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְמֵיתto make angry. Targum Proverbs 20, 2 מְחַמֵּית (variant reading מַחְמֵית). ↗ original
חֲמָת (Biblical Hebrew) Hamath, a Syrian city, near the later Antiochia. Targum Onkelos Numbers 13, 21 (Yerushalmi (prefix) אנטוכיא); the same place (ibid.) 34, 8 (Yerushalmi (prefix) טיבריא, see חַמְּתָא); and frequently—Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 (referring to Amos 6, 2) זו חֲמת אנטוכיא that is H. near Antiochia (Yalkut Shimoni Amos 545 זה אנט׳). ↗ original
חֲמָתָא feminine Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew חָמוֹת. Targum Onkelos 27, 23 (variant reading חֲמוֹתָא).—Gittin 67ᵇ bottom of the page (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חמותא), see דִּיסְתָּנָא I. Kiddushin 12ᵇ חֲמָתֵיה; Yevamoth 52ᵃ חימתיה (correct accordingly), see דּוּם; and frequently ↗ original
חַמְּתָאḤamm’tha, [Ḥot Springs], name of several Jewish places, especially a) Ḥ., near Tiberias. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 70ᵃ (explained חמת, Joshua 19, 35; Babylonian Megillah 6ᵃ top חמת זו טבריא). Tosefta Eruvin 7 (5), 2; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, 22ᵈ bottom of the page; and elsewhere—b) Ḥ., near Geder. [Megillah l, common gender (explained חמת, Joshua the passage cited) זו חמת גדר Munich manuscript 2 (edition חמי גרר).] Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 6, 23ᶜ bottom of the page; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 3, 64ᵈ top of the page—c) Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ bottom of the page ח׳ דפחלḤ. near Pella (see Neubauer Geographie du Talmud, Paris 1868 p. 274).—Echah Rabbah to 1, 16 ח׳ (Neub. the passage cited p. 115 חמתן) Emmaus in Judæa.—5. אִמָּאוּס. ↗ original
חַמְּתן (see the preceding) proper noun of a place Ḥamm’than. Megillah 2ᵇ כמח׳ לטבריא as far as from Ḥ. to Tiberias (one mile).—Echah Rabbah to 1, 16, see the preceding↗ original
חֶמְתָּנָא (see חֵימְתָא) irascible. Targum Proverbs 15, 18; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֵןgrace, favor; loveliness. Avodah Zarah 20ᵃ (referring to תחנם, Deuteronomy 7, 2) לא תתן להם חן ascribe no gracefulness to them (pay no attention to their beauty). Yevamoth 63ᵇ (quoted frequently Ben. Sira) אשת חןcoquette. Kethuboth 17ᵃ; Sanhedrin 14ᵃ, see יַעֲלָה. Sukkah 49ᵇ אדם שיש עליו חן (Munich manuscript לו; variant reading חסד) a person that makes a favorable impression on men. Berachoth 60ᵇ ותנני … לחן וכ׳ and let me find grace and favor etc. Kethuboth 77ᵇ אם חן מעלה וכ׳ if the Law makes pleasing those who study it, will it not also protect them?—Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 5, 46ᵈ top מפני חִינָּהּ וכ׳ for the sake of her grace (to raise her estimation in the eyes of men), that people may be anxious to marry her; see next word—Bereshith Rabbah section 34, end שנתן חן וכ׳ who made every place attractive to its inhabitants; and frequently—plural חִינּוֹת, חִינִּין. Sotah 47ᵃ ג׳ ח׳ הן וכ׳ there are three remarkable favors, the favor in which the inhabitants hold their place etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, beginning 41ᵇ ↗ original
חִנָּא Targum Proverbs 31, 30. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 6, 8.—Yevamoth 38ᵇ (the law is easy in the case of a woman’s widowhood) משום ח׳ in order to make her attractive (see the preceding); [other opinion: in order that women may be willing to marry; other opinion: in order to maintain pleasantness between husband and wife;] Kethuboth 84ᵃ; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֵנָא (חון, compare חבן under the word חֲבִינָנוּתָא) lap, bosom. Targum Isaiah 40, 11. Targum 2 Samuel 12, 3; 8 edition Lagarde edition (other edition חיק׳; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חֲיָינֵ׳). Targum I Kings 17, 19.—Cmp. לְחֵינָא. ↗ original
חֲנַג , Pa'elחַנַּג (denominative of חִינְגָּא) to employ the ḥinga, to dance, play. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 15, 20. the same place (ibid.) 32, 19. ↗ original
חֶנְוָונִי (see חָנוּת) shop-keeper, salesman; tavern-keeper. Shevuoth 7, 1 והח׳ על פנקסו and the store-keeper swears to the correctness of his book account. Kiddushin 4, 14 רועה וח׳ the trade of a shepherd or tavern-keeper; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 66ᶜ; Treatise Sof’rim 15, 10; and frequently—plural חֶנְוָונִים. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 82ᵇ bottom of the page שני ח׳ two shop-keepers (in the same shop).—Fem.חֶנְוָונִית. Kethuboth 9, 4 … המושיב ח׳ if one appoints his wife to be his sales-woman. ↗ original
חֲנוֹיָא בֶּן ח׳ Ben-Ḥănoya. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod., p. 105ᵃ; Bereshith Rabbah section 31 a. Yalkut Shimoni Psalms 876 בר חטיא (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חֲנוּכָּהinauguration, dedication, festival of dedication; especially Ḥănuckah, the eight days’ feast commemorating the rededication of the Temple after its desecration under Antioch Epiphanes, lasting from the 25ᵗʰ of Kislev to the second (or third) of Tebeth. Shabbath 21ᵇ מאי ח׳ why dedication ceremonies (illumination)? the same place (ibid.) מצות ח׳ the proper observation of Ḥ. (illumination). the same place (ibid.) נר ח׳ the lights kindled on Ḥ.—Pesikta Rabbati section 2 חֲנוּכַּת שמים וארץ the dedication of heaven and earth (by illumination, referring to Genesis 1, 18); ח׳ החומה the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem (Nehemiah 12, 27); ח׳ הכהנים the dedication (illumination) instituted by the Asmonean priests; and frequently—plural חֲנוּכּוֹת. the same place (ibid.) ↗ original
חָנוּן 1 participle passive of חָנַן. (see next word) supplied with an application of Henna; [other opinion: mercifully protected]; fem. חֲנוּנָה, plural חֲנוּנוֹת. Shabbath 5, 4 (explained the same place (ibid.) 54ᵇ a compress dipped in oil; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7ᶜ top a wool-cap; other opinion, see next word). [manuscript Maimonides יַחְנוּנוֹת, quoted Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 213.] ↗ original
חָנוּן 2Henna, Alcanet, a plant of the leaves of which a paste is made for dyeing nails, hair etc. Shabbath 54ᵇ (referring to חנינות, see the preceding) there is a tree in the sea-towns (Cyprus), וח׳ שמו וכ׳ edition (Munich manuscript יחנון) its name is ḥ., and a chip thereof is taken and put into the nostrils (of the sick ewe), that it may sneeze and be released of the worms in the head (see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 213 a. quotations).—Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, 7ᶜ top it is a root ושמיה יַחְנוּנָה its name is yaḥnunah↗ original
חֲנוּפָהhypocrisy, dishonesty, flattery. Sotah 41ᵇ אדם שיש בו ח׳ a man in whom there is insincerity. the same place (ibid.) אגרופה של ח׳ the power of flattery (towards Agrippa). the same place (ibid.) 42ᵃ עדה … ח׳ a community in which insincerity (flattery to power) prevails. Sanhedrin 52ᵃ בשביל ח׳ שהחניפו לקרח because they flattered Korah. Kiddushin 49ᵇ ח׳ וגסות וכ׳ cringing submission (to power) and haughtiness (towards the weak); and elsewhere faithlessness to religion, apostasy. Bereshith Rabbah section 48, beginning כל ח׳ וכ׳ where the root חנף is used in the Bible, it means heresy; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 304. ↗ original
חָנוֹקָא (חֲנַק) strangler, fighter. Bereshith Rabbah section 78, beginning; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 2, and elsewhere ח׳ סברת וכ׳ strangler, doest thou mean to choke me, i.e. do you think you can embarrass me with your arguments? ↗ original
חָנוּתtent, especially tradesman’s shop, tavern; meat-market etc. Tosefta Pesachim I (2), 19; Pesachim 31ᵇ. Avoth 3, 16 הח׳ פתוחה וכ׳ the shop is open, the shop-keeper gives on credit, i.e. man has free volition and Providence is long-suffering etc.—Gittin 67ᵃ ח׳ מיוזנת well-stocked shop (a man of vast learning and readiness), see יָזַן. Tohoroth 6, 3 ח׳ שהיא טמאה edition Dehr. (edition שהוא טמא); and frequently—plural חֲנֻיּ׳ חֲנוּיּוֹת. the same place (ibid.)—Bava Metzia 88ᵃ, see הִינִי 3). Chullin 95ᵃ תשע ח׳ וכ׳ if there are nine meat-shops (in one market) all of which sell etc.; Pesachim 9ᵇ; Niddah 18ᵃ; Kethuboth 15ᵃ. Shabbath 35ᵇ שניה להבטיל מלאכה מעיר וַחֲנוּיּוֹתֶיהָ Munich manuscript (edition להבטיל עיר וחנויות) the second signal was given to stop work in the town and in its shops. the same place (ibid.) וננעלו הח׳ and the stores were closed. the same place (ibid.) 15ᵃ גלתה … לה בח׳ the Sanhedrin were removed from the Temple and held their meetings in the market; (Avodah Zarah 8ᵇ בחנות); and frequently ↗ original
חֲנוּתָא Bava Metzia 60ᵃ חמרא מח׳ wine from the shop; and elsewhere—plural חֶנְוָתָא, חֶנְוָו׳, חֶנְוָא׳. Targum Jeremiah 37, 16; and elsewhere—Shabbath 32ᵃ, see בִּזְיוּנָא I. Bava Bathra 68ᵃ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᵃ and elsewhere [read:] חֶנְוָ׳ דבותנאי וכ׳ the shops (tradesmen) of Bashan. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 6, 10ᵃ top בי ח׳, see חַדְוְתָא.] ↗ original
חָנַט (Biblical Hebrew) to assume shape, form a texture; (of trees) to show a distinct shape of fruits, to form fruits; (of fruits and leaves) to assume a distinct shape (see חֲנָטָה). Rosh Hashanah 14ᵇ אתרוג שחָנְטוּ פירותיו Munich manuscript (edition פירותיה) an Ethrog-tree whose fruits were formed before the fifteenth of Shebat. the same place (ibid.) אילן שחנטו וכ׳ a tree whose fruits etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 5, beginning 35ᵈ אילן שח׳ a tree which formed fruits. Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 20; and frequently [to be handsome; (Arab.) to be red,] to make handsome, or flagrant, especially toembalm. Bereshith Rabbah section 100. ↗ original
חֲנַט , to embalm. Targum Onkelos Genesis 50, 2 (Yerushalmi (prefix) בסם); and elsewhere—Taanith 5ᵇ וכי בכדי … חַנְטוּ חנטייא was it for nothing that … the embalmers embalmed (Jacob)? ↗ original
חֶנֶט (the preceding words) formation of fruits or leaves. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 4, end 35ᶜ, and elsewhere שלשולן הוא חַנְטָן their formation of chains is what in other trees is the formation of fruits. the same place (ibid.) 5, beginning 35ᵈ עקרתה חַנְטוֹ thou disregardest the time of its formation. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 5, 51ᵈ bottom of the page בח׳ והשרשה as regards the law regulating the tithes according to the time of the formation of fruits and of taking root.—Rosh Hashanah 15ᵇ אחר חנטה לשביעית for the laws concerning the fruits of the Sabbatical year the formation of fruits is the deciding mark. the same place (ibid.)ᵃ (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) diction) זיל בתר ח׳ be guided by etc. Menachoth 69ᵃ ח׳ דפירא the formation of the fruit, ח׳ דעלה the formation of the texture of leaves; see הֲנָצָה. ↗ original
חַנָּטָא (חֲנַט) embalmer.—plural חַנָּטַיָּיא. Taanith 5ᵇ, see חֲנַט. ↗ original
חני [to be covered, surrounded,] to encamp, rest. Bamidbar Rabbah section 11 (referring to ויחנך, Numbers 6, 25) יַחֲנֶה ד׳ אצלך the Lord have His tent with thee. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Naḥmasculine) (referring to Isaiah 29, 1) שח׳ בה וכ׳ where David (lawfully) resided, see חַנְיָיא. the same place (ibid.) (R. Alex. 1) נוסעים … וחוֹנִים וכ׳ they moved in discord and encamped in discord; Mechilta Yithro, Baḥod., section 1; Vayikra Rabbah section 9; and frequently—Apocop. form: חָן (as if from חון). Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 78, 47 (play on בׄחׄנׄמׄל the same place (ibid.)) בׄא חׄןׄ מׄלׄ he (the locust) came, encamped, cut; (Tanchuma Vaëra 14 בא נ"ח מ"ל; Shemoth Rabbah section 12 interpol. from Midrash Tehillim the passage cited: נח). Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֱחֱנָהto cause to rest. Fut. apocop. יַחַן. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᶜ (play on יׄחׄנׄיףׄ, Numbers 35, 33) הדם יׄחׄן אףׄ וכ׳ bloodshed causes the anger (of the Lord) to rest upon the ground (rain being withheld); Sifré Numbers 161, Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 788 יחון (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חַנְיָא Chaldaic (Aramaic) = Hebrew חֲנִיָּיה. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 13, 19 חַנְיָין their encampment.—Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Naḥmasculine) לא ח׳ ליה בה וכ׳ (not לית; some edition חֲנָיָה Hebrew form) where none but David had a right of encampment. ↗ original
חֲנִיָּיה (חָנָה) encampment, rest; opposite נְסִיעָה. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 6, 22ᶜ bottom of the page בחֲנִיָּיתָן in the order of their encampment. Menachoth 95ᵃ בחנייתן Munich manuscript (edition incorr. תו …) when they were at rest. Sotah 34ᵇ.—Esp. right of colonization, acquiring property. Avodah Zarah 20ᵃ (referring to תחנם, Deuteronomy 7, 2, as if תַחֲנֵם) לא תתן להם ח׳ וכ׳ give them no chance of acquiring property (sell them no trees in the ground); Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 845. ↗ original
חֲנִיכָה (חָנַךְ) [rubbing the infant’s palate with a chewed fig, see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Talmud Dictionary 2, 206,] the name given to the child by the person rubbing is palate; in gen. surname. Gittin 9, 8 כתב חֲנִיכָתוֹ וחֲנִיכָתָהּ if in the letter of divorce his and her family names are written. the same place (ibid.) 88ᵃ הֲנִיכַת אבות the surname of ancestors. Taanith 20ᵇ; Megillah 28ᵃ I never called my neighbor בחֲנִיכָתִי וא"ל בחֲנִיכָתוֹ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh)) by an opprobrious surname given him by myself or, as others relate, by his by-name (which others had given him); edition: בהכינתו וא"ל בחניכתו by his ḥăkhina (see הֲכִינָה); some say, (Rab Ada used the expression)ḥăkhina. Moed Katan 25ᵇ בעת חֲנִיכָתוֹ אבד חַנִּיכוֹ (Munich manuscript 2) at the time when he was to receive his name (when his palate was rubbed) died he who was to rear him (his father); (edition, see חֲנִינָה 2). Bereshith Rabbah section 43, beginning (explained חניכיו, Genesis 14, 14) בעלי חֲנִיכָתוֹ וכ׳ those bearing his name, their name being Abram, like his own. ↗ original
חֲנִיכַיִים 1 du. (חָנַךְ; compare חִינְכֵי) palate and tongue, contradistinguished to teeth. Chullin 103ᵇ בין הח׳ in the posterior part of the mouth, i.e. if he spit out the forbidden foot just before swallowing. ↗ original
חַנִּין (חָנַן) he who bestows love, affectionate father. Moed Katan 25ᵇ, see חֲנִינָה 2. ↗ original
חַנִּין 2Ḥannin. Moed Katan 25ᵇ, and elsewhere, see חָנָן. ↗ original
חֲנִינָאḤănina, name of several Tannaim and Amoraim. Ḥ. b. Antigonos: Tosefta Arachin 1, 15 (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) חנניא); Arachin 2, 4 (10ᵃ) Talmud edition (Mishnah חנניא). Temurah 6, 5 חנינא.; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 10 חנניה. Niddah 52ᵃ. Bechoroth 6, 3; and frequently (see Frankel, Darkhe haMishnah p. 128).—Ḥ. b. Gamliel: Makkoth 3, 15 (23ᵃ) Munich manuscript (edition חנניא). Bava Bathra 10, 1. (Tosefta Yoma 1, 6 חנניא; Sifra Emor Chaldaic (Aramaic) 1, Parah 2, and elsewhere חנניה). Sanhedrin 111ᵃ ח׳ בן גמלא (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note).—Niddah 8ᵃ (see Frankel, Darkhe haMishnah p. 130).—Ḥ. b. Ḥăkhinai: Kilayim 4, 8 (Munich manuscript a. Yerushalmi (prefix) חנניה, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note). Menachoth 62ᵃ; and elsewhere (mostly חנניא, הנניה).—Ḥ., S’gan hak-Kohanim (see סָגָן). Eduy. 2, 1; and frequently (see Frankel, Darkhe haMishnah p. 59, and the following).—Rabbi Ḥ.: Shabbath 59ᵇ; and frequently (see Frankel M’bo, p. 86ᵇ, and the following).—Other Amoraim by that name, see Frankel the passage cited 87ᵇ, and the following—Sanhedrin 98ᵇ, see next word↗ original
חֲנִינָה 2mercy. Bereshith Rabbah section 78; section 92 שמענו ח׳ בי"א וכ׳ we find grace applied to the eleven tribes (before Benjamin was born; Genesis 33, 5). caressing (of the new-born child). Moed Katan 25ᵇ (play on Ḥannin) בעת חֲנִינָתוֹ אבד חַנִּינוֹ (see חֲנִיכָה) at the moment of his receiving caresses died he who was to caress him. (name of fiction, see the preceding) Ḥăninah (Love). Sanhedrin 98ᵇ דבי ר׳ חנינה אמרי ח׳ שמו the disciples of R. Ḥ. said, the Messiah’s name is Ḥ. ↗ original
חניניא , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 32, 24 some edition, read: תַּנִּינַיָּא. ↗ original
חֲנִיסְנְסַיָּאgauzy dresses or veils. Targum Isaiah 3, 19 (Hebrew text רעל). obscene statutary devoted to the Sun (Hebrew חַמָּנִים). Targum Onkelos Leviticus 26, 30. Targum Ezek. 6, 4; 6. Targum Isaiah 17, 8; and elsewhere [In various edition our word is written חניס נ׳ in two words, also חֲנִיסְסַיָּא. Our word seems to be a derivative of a stem חסס, with anorganic נ, having the meaning of nakedness, shame. (cmp חָסִית I, חֲסַד, חסף).] ↗ original
חֲנִיקָה (חָנַק) death by strangulation. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 7, beginning 24ᵇ, see חֶנֶק. ↗ original
חֲנִית חנה to bend, see Ges. Thes. under the word) spear. Yalkut Shimoni Job. 927.—plural חֲנִיתוֹת. the same place (ibid.) Genesis 133. ↗ original
חֲנִיתָאḤănitha, a place in the district of Tyre. Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 9 ח׳ עיליתא וח׳ ארעיתא Upper and Lower Ḥ.; Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 22ᵈ top עלייתה וח׳ תחתיה (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חָנַךְto rub, polish, finish; in a transferred sense to train; to dedicate. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִנֵּךְto train, initiate (a child); to inaugurate, prepare for office; to dedicate. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 1, 38ᵇ top … מה מְחַנְּכִין אותו וכ׳ as the Highpriest’s inauguration lasted seven days (Leviticus 8, 33, and the following), so is the Highpriest prepared for the service of the Day of Atonement seven days. Nazir 29ᵃ כדי לחַנְּכוֹ במצות in order to initiate his son into the performance of religious duties. Yoma 8, 4; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) V (4), 2 מְחַנְּכִין וכ׳ you must train them gradually (to fast on the Day of Atonement) a year or two before religious maturity.—Moed Katan 1, 6 מח׳ את הכוכין וכ׳ you may finish up the excavated chambers; see חִינּיּךְ; and frequently Pu. פֻּעַל חֻנָּךְ,Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַנֵּךְ, , Nithpa'el נִתְחַנֵּךְ to be inaugurated, to be dedicated. Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 964 יצחק ח׳ וכ׳; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Baḥod., p. 101ᵃ יצחק נתח׳ וכ׳ Isaac was initiated into the covenant on his eighth day. Sifra Vayikra, Ḥoba, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 3, Parah 3 שיִתְחַנֵּךְ המזבח וכ׳ that the altar must be dedicated by offering frankincense. Zevachim 40ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲנַךְ Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 20, 5; and elsewhere Pa'el פִּעֵל חַנֵּיךְ,Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְנִיךְsame. the same place (ibid.) חַנְּכֵיה (edition Berlin edition חַנְכֵ׳Pe.). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 32, 3, Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 32, 3 (sanctified his mouth); and elsewhere ↗ original
חִנָּםgratuitous act, favor, mostly adverb בח׳, לח׳, על ח׳gratuitously; for no reason. Shemoth Rabbah section 41 על ח׳ בראתני וכ׳ hast thou created me for no purpose?—Bava Kamma 92ᵇ, and elsewhere, see זַרְזִיר. Shemoth Rabbah section 28, beginning נטלה ח׳ he took it gratuitously. Bamidbar Rabbah section 1 מה אלו ח׳ וכ׳ as these things (fire, water etc.) are free to all etc.—מַתְּנַת ח׳ an undeserved gift. Bamidbar Rabbah section 11; and frequently—שִׂנְאַת ח׳ gratuitous hatred, hostility without cause. Shabbath 32ᵇ; and frequently ↗ original
חֲנַמְאֵל (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Hanameel, cousin of Jeremiah. Megillah 14ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲנָמַל (Biblical Hebrew) beetle, probably a species of locusts. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 185, quoted frequently Tanchuma (edition Buber edition, Vaëra 19) כח׳ הזה היה יורד the hail came down formed like the ḥănâmal, as it says (Psalms 78, 47) etc.—Midrash Tehillim to Psalms the passage cited, see חָנָה. ↗ original
חנן , Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᵇ מה ח׳ קיימין, read, as Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, beginning 27ᶜ, מה נן. [חנן Syriac (Peshitta), rare form, see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 250 under the word אנא.] ↗ original
חָנַן [to cover, surround,] to caress, grace, favor. Shabbath 104ᵃ (in children’s acrostics) זֹן אותך וחָ֗ן אותך sustains and graces thee. Bamidbar Rabbah section 11 (referring to Numbers 6, 25) יָחוֹן איתך בבנים may He favor thee with (good) children. the same place (ibid.) (quoted from daily prayers) אתה חוֹנֵן לאדם דעת thou graciously endowest man with knowledge. the same place (ibid.) עתיד הקב"ה לָחוֹן עליהם the Lord will in due time protect them. Sifré Numbers 41 יָחְנְךָ בתלמוד תורה may He grace thee by enabling thee to study the Law. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Asser, p. 97ᵃ (referring to מהונך, Proverbs 3, 9) ממה שחֲנָנְךָ out of what He has endowed thee with; and frequently—[Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 78 חָן, see חָנָה.]—participle pass. חָניּן, plural חֲנוּנִיםgraced, endowed. Bamidbar Rabbah the passage cited חֲנוּנֵי (ב)דעת endowed with knowledge. Pesachim 87ᵃ בני חֲנוּנֶיךָ children of thy favored ones, Abraham etc. (manuscript, see בָּחַן). bandaged. plural fem. חֲנוּנוֹת. Shabbath 5, 4, see חָנוּן I, 2. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחֱנָןto be shown favor. Devarim Rabbah section 7 (referring to Isaiah 26, 10) אבל אם למד … אינו נ׳ but if he has learned …, he will be shown no favor (will not be forgiven). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל מִתְחַנֵּןto bend one’s self, to supplicate (see תְּחִנָּה). Devarim Rabbah section 2, beginning מִתְחַנֵּן, see חָבַט. the same place (ibid.) התחיל להִתְחַנֵּן (התחיל מתחנן) he began to pray; and frequently Hithpol. חוּן = חָנָה) to come to rest, to be collected. Berachoth 30ᵇ (adopting the expression in conformity with ואתחנן, Deuteronomy 3, 23) until his mind be collected again (for prayer), see חוּל. ↗ original
חֲנַן Chaldaic (Aramaic), pret. חַן same. Targum Onkelos Genesis 33, 5.—Targum Onkelos Exodus 33, 19 אֵיחוֹן. Targum Judges 21, 22 חֲנוּנוּן להון edition Lagarde edition (other edition חנינינון) be gracious to them.—Pesachim 110ᵇ (in an incantation) אדחֲנַנִי וחֲנַנְכִי וכ׳ while He graced me and yourselves, I had not come to that (see Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word הר 8, a. Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note for variatio lectionis). ↗ original
חָנָן (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Hanan, name of several Tannaim and of several Amoraim, especially H., one of the Justices of Peace in Jerusalem, see אַדְמוֹן. Kethuboth 13, 1. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 35ᶜ and frequently—Ḥ. the Egyptian: Sanhedrin 17ᵇ; and elsewhere—H. (interch. with הנין). Moed Katan 25ᵇ אסיקו ליה ח׳ וכ׳ (Munich manuscript חנין) they gave him the name of H. from his father (Hanin).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 11, 12ᵃ top (edition Krot. חָנוּן). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 7, 21ᵈ bottom of the page חנינן.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, beginning 7ᵃ (ח׳ בר ווא) ח׳ בר אבא; Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 31ᵃ חנין; a. other—5. Frankel M’bo p. 86ᵃ ↗ original
חֲנַנְאֵל (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun of a male person Hananeel. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 13, 35ᵈ top; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲנַנְיָאHanania; H., one of the Babylonian exiles at the Babylonian court. Shabbath 67ᵃ אישתא דח׳ וכ׳ the fire prepared for H., Mishael and Azariah. Sanhedrin 93ᵃ כי היכי … לחּ׳ וכ׳ as I tested H. etc.; and very frequently several Tannaim and Amoraim (interchanging with חֲנִינָא which see); especially Ḥ. b. ʿAkashia: Makkoth 3, 16. Tosefta Shekalim 3, 18.—H. b. T’radion, a martyr of the Adrianic persecution. Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 4, 17. Avodah Zarah 17ᵇ, and the following (חנינא). Taanith 16ᵇ; and frequently—H. b. ʿAkabia: Moed Katan 21ᵃ; (Kethuboth 8, 1, and frequently חנינא); and elsewhere—H., ‘the Haber of the Rabbis’. Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 8, 45ᶜ; (Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 2ᶜ top of the page חנינא); and frequently—Other Amoraim by that name, see Frankel M’bo, p. 88ᵇ, and the following—כְּפַר ח׳ proper noun of a place K’far Hanania in Galilee. Shevi'ith 9, 2; and frequently ↗ original
חָנַף (Biblical Hebrew) [to bend, decline from the right path,] to be insincere, to flatter; to show favor in court; to deceive. Derekh Erets Zuta Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2 אֶחְנוֹף לזה וכ׳ I will flatter (lower myself before) this one that he may give me to eat etc. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְנִיףsame. Sotah 41ᵇ הִחְנִיפוּ לו וכ׳ thy flattered Agrippa (saying to him, ‘Thou art our brother’). the same place (ibid.) מותר להַחְנִיף וכ׳ it is permissible to flatter (submit to the power of) the wicked etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 7, 11ᶜ. Pesikta Rabbati section 25 (referring to Isaiah 24, 5) הבריות מַהֲנִיפִים זה לזה men deal insincerely with one another; והוא מַחֲנִיפוֹ וכ׳ and he puts him (the priest or Levite) off with deceptive intent, and says etc.; and frequently ↗ original
חֲנֵף , Pa'elחַנֵּיף Chaldaic (Aramaic) same. Moed Katan 17ᵃ דאפי׳ … לא חַנִּיפִי ליה not even a man like thee did I flatter. Shevuoth 30ᵃ לחַנּוּפֵי ליה that I should favor him in court?—Kethuboth 84ᵇ מְחַנְּפִיתוּ להו would you favor them?; the same place (ibid.) 63ᵇ מַחְנִיפִיתוּ ליה (Af'el) would you favor him?—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Asser, p. 98ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 24, 5) את סבר מְחַנְּפָא לה והיא מְחַנְּפָה לך thou meanest to deceive it (the land by withholding the tithes, see the preceding), but it will disappoint thee; Tanchuma R’eeh 14 את כבר מחנף וכ׳ (correct accordingly). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְנִיףsame, see above. ↗ original
חָנֵףthe preceding words) hypocrite, flatterer; faithless, arbitrary, fickle. Esther Rabbah to 1, 1 (referring to Job 34, 30) בשעה שהמלך ח׳ וכ׳ when a king is arbitrary and rules tyrannically etc. the same place (ibid.) שהיה ח׳ וכ׳ for he (Ahasverus) was arbitrary, for he put to death etc.—plural חֲנֵפִים, חֲנֵפִין, חֲנֵי׳. Tosefta Yoma V (4), 12; Yoma 86ᵇ מפרסמין את החנ׳ וכ׳ you may expose the hypocrites to prevent defamation of the divine Name. Koheleth Rabbah to 4, 1 חֲנֵיפֵי תורה pretenders of scholarship. Sotah 42ᵃ; Treatise Derekh Erets Chaldaic (Aramaic) 2. the same place (ibid.) חֲנֵפוֹת (masc., see מָסוֹר); and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲנֵפָא Targum Isaiah 10, 6.—Esther Rabbah to 1, 1 מלכא ח׳ an arbitrary King, see the preceding—plural חֲנֵפִין, חֲנִי׳. Targum Isaiah 9, 16. ↗ original
חָנַק [to press,] to seize by the throat, to choke. Tosefta Shabbath 3 (4), 6 ואין חוֹנְקִין בשבת you must not press (the jugular veins, to relieve from belly-ache) on the Sabbath; see below Pi'el—Bava Bathra 10, 8 (175ᵇ) הרי החוֹנֵק את וכ׳ if one seizes a debtor by the throat (threatening violence). the same place (ibid.) 176ᵃ בחָנוּק in the case of one being threatened (and another pledging himself for him). Shabbath 57ᵃ אין אשה חוֹנֶקֶת וכ׳ a woman will not choke herself (will not tie a band around her neck so closely that no water could get under it when bathing); the same place (ibid.)ᵇ אשה ח׳ וכ׳ a woman does tie a chain closely in order to appear fleshy. Bereshith Rabbah section 34 (referring to דם האדם באדם, Genesis 9, 6) אף החוֹנְקוֹ (the gentile is guilty of bloodshed) even if he only chokes a man (‘shedding the blood of man in man’); Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 58ᶜ top בחונקו מפני עצמו (read: ממונו) when he merely chokes him to take his money; and elsewhere—Esp. to strangle to death. Bava Kamma 47ᵇ ח׳ את עצמו (the ox) strangled himself (by being caught in a rope). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, 23ᶜ נמצא חָנוּק if he was found strangled; and elsewhere—Transferred to produce anguish, agony. Chullin 1, 2 מפני שהן חוֹנְקִין because they (a saw etc.) cause agony as if by choking (instead of cutting).—[Kiddushin 62ᵃ (referring to Numbers 5, 19—20) according to R. Meïr (who says that a condition is not valid unless both the negative and the positive alternatives are stated) חִנְקִי מיבעי ליה it ought to have been added (to vers 20) ‘die in agony’. א"ר תנחום הנקי כתיב said R. T. it says (verse 19) hnki (which may be read hinnaki for the one alternative and hinki for ḥinki for the other); Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) reads הנקי, see נָקִי.] Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְנַקto be strangled. Sanhedrin 11, 1 (84ᵇ) הנֶחְנָקִין those sentenced to death by strangulation. Pesachim 112ᵃ לֵיחָנֵק, see אִילָּן. to feel like choking, to be sorry (compare אָנַק). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 4, 12 התחיל … רואה ונ׳ the seller sees it and grieves (over his loss); Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 225 Mechilta Beshallach section 1 לֵיחָנֵק.—[Shabbath 66ᵇ, see below.] Pi'el פִּעֵל חִינֵּקto squeeze in, immure. Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 48; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 169 (היו) מְחַנְּקִין את ישראל וכ׳ pressed Israelites between the walls (having mingled their bodies with the clay). to strangle. Tosefta Moed Katan 1, 5 מְחַנְּקִין וכ׳ (Moed Katan 6ᵇ חונקין) the aunts choke each other to death. to press the throat, to squeeze the jugular veins (an operation applied in cases of abdominal affection, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word חנק; to reset a laryngal muscle or ring, Rashi; other defin., see Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word). Shabbath 66ᵇ לְחַנֵּק to perform the operation (Rashi a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) לֵיחָנֵק to have the operation performed). ↗ original
חֲנַקto strangle. Targum 2 Esther 1, 3.—Kethuboth 60ᵇ וחֲנַקְתֵּיה she choked her child to death; דלא … דחַנְקַן בנייהו for women (of sound mind) will not choke their children (in order to be allowed to marry again before the lapse of a certain time). Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵇ top … הוה והוה ח׳ ליה air burst forth out of the bottle and choked him. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 40ᵈ חַנְקַת גרמה she hanged herself. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ top בעייא … מִיחְנְקוּנֵיה I would rather choke him; and elsewhere—Gittin 67ᵇ דחַנְקָא, see דִּיסְתָּנָא I. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַנֵּקto hang one’s self. Targum 2 Samuel 17, 23.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 29ᵃ bottom of the page כדון דוד מִתְחַנֵּק now David will die in despair (compare the precedingNif'al). the same place (ibid.) יהא סופיה מִתְחַנְּקָא will end his life by suicide. ↗ original
חֶנֶק (the preceding words) execution by strangulation. Sanhedrin 7, 1; and frequently ↗ original
חֲנָקָא (the preceding words), plural חֲנָקִין, חֲנֵיקִ׳ropes or chains around the neck. Targum Jeremiah 2, 20. the same place (ibid.) 27, 2; and elsewhere ↗ original
חַס (חוּס) sparing, forbearance, only (adverbial) חַס וְשָׁלוֹםforbearance and peace!, God forfend!, don’t say that! Eduy. 5, 6 ח׳ וש׳ שעקביא וכ׳ God forbid (to think) that ʿAkabia was excommunicated! Shabbath 138ᵇ ח׳ וש׳ שתשתכח וכ׳ God forbid (to entertain the idea) that the Law will be forgotten etc. Bava Metzia 85ᵇ ח׳ וש׳ אי וכ׳ if, which God forfend, the Law should be forgotten etc.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 6, 33ᵃ bottom of the page (in Chaldaic (Aramaic) phraseology) ח׳ וש׳ דהוה בעי לה God forbid (to think) that he would have done it!; and very frequently ↗ original
חַס ² ; חס ל־ [God spare him!,] far from him! Targum Genesis 44, 7 (Hebrew text חָלִילָה); and elsewhere,—Kiddushin 44ᵇ וחס ליה לזרעיה וכ׳ and far it is from the son of Abba … (Samuel) to have said so; Chullin 111ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page חס ליה לא וכ׳ far from him! He never did etc. ↗ original
חָסָא 1 (probably frequently חוסto bend, compare Berachoth 56ᵃ quoted below) lettuce (Hebrew חֲזֶרֶת). Pesachim 39ᵃ, see חוּס Chaldaic (Aramaic) the same place (ibid.) 116ᵃ, see חַמָּא. Berachoth 56ᵃ (to one who dreamt that he saw lettuce on the wine keg) עיף עיסקך כח׳ thy business will be doubled (thrive) like lettuce; מריר … ח׳, see מָרִיר I. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵃ top (explained חזרת גלים) חַס דגורין (construct state), see דְּגוֹרָא.—plural חָסִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 4, end, 55ᶜ top of the page, see בַּסִּין. Bereshith Rabbah section 67 ח׳ רברבין large (old) lettuce plants. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 1) מיסרא דח׳ a bundle of etc. ↗ original
חסאין , Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 5, 13, read: הס׳, see סוּג 2↗ original
חָסַד 1 (see next word) to be white, pure, charitable, graceful.—participle passive חָסוּד, fem. חֲסוּדָה, endowed withחֶסֶד, graceful. Kethuboth 17ᵃ (in a bridal song) כלה נאה וח׳ handsome and graceful bride. Bamidbar Rabbah section 12; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 10 (not חסידה). ↗ original
חָסַד 2 ; Pi. חִסֵּד, חִשֵּׂד [to scrape off,] (compare גדף, גרף) to jeer, scoff at, to shame. Ruth Rabbah to 4, 8 שחִסְּדָן ברבים (or שחֲסָדָן; edition Vilna edition שחשדן) he scoffed at them publicly (speaking ironically, with referring to 2 Chronicles 13, 8); Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 17, beginning 15ᶜ שחִישֵּׂד וכ׳ he jeered at Jeroboam; Bereshith Rabbah section 65; the same place (ibid.) section 73 שחסדם edition Vilna edition (other שחש׳); Vayikra Rabbah section 33; Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 18 שחִיסְּדָן; Yalkut Shimoni Kings 205 ומְחַשֵּׂד.—Shemoth Rabbah section 30 (referring to Exodus 2, 14) שחִיסְּדוּ וכ׳ when Dathan and Abiram sneered at him. the same place (ibid.) בזה שחִיסַּדְתֶּם אותו וכ׳ with the very word (שופט) with which you sneered at him, I shall give him the rulership (משפטים). Pesikta Rabbati section 42 מְחַסְּדִים את שרה (not מחסרו׳) jeered at Sarah; and elsewhere—5. חִיסּוּד. ↗ original
חֲסַדto be put to shame (be whitened). Targum Psalms 34, 6 manuscript (edition עצבו). the same place (ibid.) 40, 15 (edition Lagarde edition a. other Ithpaal; some edition ר for ד). to shame etc.; see below. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַסֵּד,Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְסִידto jeer, blaspheme, disgrace (in edition frequ. Pe.). Targum I Samuel 17, 36. Targum Proverbs 25, 10 נַחְסִידָךְ Leviticus (edition נֶחְסְדָךְ); and frequently [Some edition ר for ד.] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַסַּדto be reviled, put to shame. Targum Psalms 71, 24; and elsewhere; see above. Targum Proverbs 20, 4 (see 70). ↗ original
חֶסֶדgrace, kindness, love, charity. Sifra K’dosh., Parah 4, Chaldaic (Aramaic) X (referring to חסד, Leviticus 20, 17) שמא תאמר … ח׳ הוא if you will object, why did Cain marry his sister? (Answ.) It was an act of kindness (to secure the propagation of the race); Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 11, 11ᵈ top ח׳ עשיתי וכ׳ I (the Lord) dealt kindly with etc.—חוט של ח׳, see חוּט. Sukkah 49ᵇ אין צדקה … לפי ח׳ שבה charity is rewarded only in proportion to the benevolence in it. the same place (ibid.) תורה של ח׳ a study of love (for its own sake); and frequently—Ruth Rabbah Parah 3, beginning, see חִסְדָּאָה.—Bereshith Rabbah section 8 ח׳ אומר Charity said etc.—plural חֲסָדִיםacts of kindness. Sukkah the passage cited; and frequently; see גָּמַל a. גְּמִילוּת. ↗ original
חֶסֶד ² Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 20, 17 (see Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth Xl, 11ᵈ top, quoted in preced). Targum Genesis 39, 21; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page, see גְּמַל; and elsewhere—plural חִסְדַּיָּא, חַסְ׳; חִסְדִּין, חַסְ׳, חִיסְ׳. Targum Onkelos Genesis 32, 11. Targum Psalms 107, 43; and elsewhere ↗ original
חִסְדָּא ²Ḥisda, name of several Amoraim. Berachoth 8ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 9ᵃ top of the page—Chullin 10ᵃ.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 1, 57ᶜ top; and frequently 5. Friedman M’bo, p. 89ᵇ, and the following ↗ original
חִסְדָּאָה (denominative of חִסְדָּא I) kind, pleasing.—plural חִסְדָּאִין. Gittin 7ᵃ חיסדא שמך וח׳ מילך thy name is Ḥisda (Love), and lovable are thy words; [Ruth Rabbah Parah 3, beginning את חסד ומה לך חסד, read: ומִילָּךְ]. ↗ original
חִסְדַּאיḤisdai (interch. with חִסְדָּא). Ruth Rabbah Parah 3, beginning חסדאי; (Gittin 7ᵃ חיסדא). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 1, 18ᵈ bottom of the page, Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 4, end, 22ᵃ; and frequently—5. Friedman M’bo, p. 90ᵃ ↗ original
חִסְדּוּתָא feminine = חֲסִידוּתָא. Targum Song of Songs 7, 6 (edition Lagarde edition חֲסִי׳). Targum Psalms 69, 11 manuscript (edition Lagarde edition חסיד׳, other edition חִסוּדְתּ׳). ↗ original
חֲסוּדָה 2 (probably frequently חָסַד 2) the vein opened for blood-letting. Shabbath 108ᵇ bottom of the page (old edition חסורה); (compare Taanith 21ᵇ bottom of the page). ↗ original
חֲסוֹךְ 1 (חֲסַךְ) sparing, clemency. Targum Jeremiah 30, 11; 46, 28. the same place (ibid.) 10, 24 edition Lagarde edition a. Rashi (edition חֲשׂוֹךְ, not הֲשׁ׳). ↗ original
חֲסוֹךְ 2 (see חֲסִיךְ) diminution; (adverb) less. Targum Ezekiel 16, 47. ↗ original
חִסְחוּס (חסחס, Pilp. of חסם, see חוּס a. preceding article) [projection, protection,] the cartilages forming the ear, helix etc. Bechoroth 6, 1 (37ᵃ) נפגמה אזני מן הח׳ (edition חסחום; Mishnah edition a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הסּחוֹס) if its ear it split (defective) from the cartilages (inward).—plural חִסְחוּסִים, סִין …gristles. Pesachim 7, 11 (84ᵃ) Yerushalmi (prefix) edition (Mishnah a. Babylonian edition הַסְּחוּסִין; Munich manuscript 2 also הסחיסין, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 30).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 8, beginning 26ᵃ אכלו הסוקים, read: אכל ח׳.—5. חַסְחָסִית. ↗ original
חַסְחוּס Targum Amos 3, 12 (Hebrew text בדיל). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 8, 23 (Hebrew text תְּנוּךְ, see גְּדֵירָא); and elsewhere ↗ original
חסחף , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 32, 11 מח׳, read: מחפחף, see חֲפַף I↗ original
חַסְחָסוּת (see חסחוס) the system of cartilages of the ear, helix and anti-helix. Bechoroth 40ᵇ אזניו … בח׳ אחת (Rashi חסחיס, read: חסחוס) double ears with one system of etc.—plural חַסְחָסִיּוֹת. the same place (ibid.)—5. חֲסִיסָה. ↗ original
*חֲסִי (compare חסד 2) to be scraped. Denom. חַסְיָא. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְסֵיto revile, sneer at. Targum I Samuel 1, 6 ומרגזה פנינה ארתח ומַחְסָא לה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word מחס (edition different interpretation or differently interpreted version). 5. מְחוֹסָא. ↗ original
חַסְיָא common gender (the preceding) scrubby, lean.—plural fem.חַסְיָין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 41, 3 (some edition חסכן; see 4 חסירן); the same place (ibid.) see 19. ↗ original
חָסִידkind, God-fearing, submissive, pious, abstemious. Temurah 15ᵇ כל היכא דאמר מעשה בח׳ אחד וכ׳ wherever we read (in Talmudic writings), ‘It is reported of a pious man’, either R. Juda b. Baba it meant or etc. Sotah 3, 4 ח׳ שוטה a foolish saint. Avoth 5, 10 שלי … ח׳ he who says, Mine is thine and thine is thine, is a ḥasid. the same place (ibid.) 11; and very frequently—plural חֲסִידִים. Berachoth 5, 1 ח׳ הראשונים the pious men of olden days; and very frequently ↗ original
חֲסִידsame. Targum Psalms 18, 26; and frequently—Bava Kamma 30ᵃ האי … למיהוי ח׳ he who desires to be a conscientious man (in business) let him live up to the laws laid down in N’zikin (see נֶזֶק). Bava Bathra 7ᵇ; and frequently—Frequ. as a distinguishing surname. Moed Katan 17ᵃ. Berachoth 29ᵇ; and frequently—plural חֲסִידַיָּא, חֲסִידֵי. Targum Psalms 145, 10; and elsewhere—Chullin 122ᵃ, and elsewhere ח׳ דבבל the meek men of Babylonia, opposite תקיפי. Moed Katan 17ᵃ למערתא דח׳ to the cave where the pious were buried; and frequently—Fem.חֲסִידָא, חֲסִידְתָּא. Shabbath 77ᵇ, see אֲסִיתָא. graceful. Targum Proverbs 11, 16. the same place (ibid.) 17, 8. ↗ original
חֲסִידָה fem. of חָסִיד; see also חֲסוּדָה, under the word חָסַד I. 1. (Biblical Hebrew) stork. Chullin 63ᵃ, see דַּיָּה; ולמה … ח׳ שעושה חסידות וכ׳ and she is named ‘the kind’ because she acts kindly with her kind; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 104, 17. Shemoth Rabbah section 35. ↗ original
חֲסִידוּת (חָסִיד) piety, scrupulousness, abstemiousness; kindness. Chullin 63ᵃ, see the preceding—Bava Metzia 52ᵇ; Chullin 130ᵇ, and frequently מדת ח׳ the conduct of a very scrupulous person. Avodah Zarah 20ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 1, 3ᶜ top; and frequently ↗ original
חֲסִידוּתָא Targum Song of Songs 3, 6; and elsewhere, see חִסְדּוּתָא.—Sanhedrin 110ᵇ שַׁבְקָהּ ר"ע לחֲסִידוּתֵיה R. Ak. has abandonned his (usual) kindness, i.e. his harsh opinion does not agree with the liberality shown elsewhere. ↗ original
חֲסִיךְ common gender (חסך 2, see חֲסוֹךְ 2 and חֲשִׁיךְ 2) rubbed off, lessened; (of animals or plants) stunted, lean. Menachoth 29ᵃ ומי ח׳ כולי האי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חסר; Rashi to Taanith 11ᵃ: חֲסִיכֵי, plural) is there so much reduction (loss in weight by smelting)?—plural חֲסִיכֵי; fem. חֲסִיכָן, חֲסִיכָתָא. Targum Genesis 41, 19; 20; 27 (interch. with חסיר׳ a. חסיי׳, see חַסְיָא).—Pesachim 48ᵃ חיטי ח׳ poor wheat. ↗ original
חֲסֵיכְנָא (the preceding) a little less. Targum Isaiah 26, 12 ח׳ מחובנא a little less that our sins deserved (Hebrew text גם, compare גמם). ↗ original
חֲסִימָה 1 (חָסַם 1) muzzling, the law forbidding muzzling (Deuteronomy 25, 4). Bava Metzia 88ᵇ אתה מצווה על חֲסִימָתוֹ thou art warned not to muzzle him. the same place (ibid.) 89ᵃ כל מילי איתנהו בח׳ all things (animals) are implied in the law etc. the same place (ibid.) 90ᵇ ח׳ מעלייתא הוא it is a real case of muzzling; and frequently ↗ original
חֲסִימָה 2 (חָסַם 2) = חִיסּוּם, steel-edge. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 3, 7. varnish, glaze. the same place (ibid.) 1, 3 (quoted in Rabbenu Shimshon to Kelim 11, 4), see מַחְסוֹמִית. ↗ original
חסין , Shemoth Rabbah section 43 קאלא ח׳, see קאלוחסין ↗ original
חָסִין (חֲסַן 1) strong; hard. Targum Ezekiel 23, 31 (32). Targum Amos 2, 9; and elsewhere—plural חֲסִינִין, חֲסִינַיָּא; feminine חֲסִינָן, חֲסִינָתָא. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 28, 23. Targum Isaiah 28, 2. the same place (ibid.) 21, 1; Targum Deuteronomy 10, 21 mighty deeds↗ original
חֲסִינָה (see חִסְנָא) [storage,] a wicker work used for purposes of storage. Kelim 16, 5. ↗ original
חֲסִיסָא (חסס, see חַסְיָא) stunted grains used for parching, see אַבְשׁוּנָא. Nedarim 49ᵇ. Pesachim 40ᵇ ↗ original
חֲסִיסָה (contracted of חסחיסה) = חַסְחָסוּת. Tosefta Bechoroth 4, 13 חסו׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading חסי׳).—plural חֲסִיסוֹת. the same place (ibid.) ↗ original
חָסִית 1 (= חססית; חסס, compare Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) ḥassa) peeling plants, alliacea, leek plants. Terumoth 10, 10 אלא עם הח׳ (Munich manuscript החִיסוֹת; Yerushalmi (prefix) edition החִיסִית) except they are combined with leek-plants. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 47ᵇ ח׳ בח׳ מין במינו if the same species of leek plants (of T’rumah and Ḥullin) are pressed together. Echah Rabbah to 2, 11, see דִּמְעָה.—plural חָסִיּוֹת. Tosefta Terumoth 9, 3 אלו הן מיני ח׳ וכ׳ (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) חרסיות, variant reading חוריות, חסיות) the following belong to the leek-plants, common leek, garlic, onion and allium porrum, see קַפְלוֹט. ↗ original
חָסִית 2 (חוּס) saving, protection. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 200 אין פסיחה אלא ח׳ passing over (the root פסח) means sparing; (Mechilta Bo, Pisḥa, section 11 חַיִיס). (חָסָה) shady place, see חָסוּת. ↗ original
חָסַךְ [to scrape off,] to diminish, deduct; to stint, withhold. Demai 7, 3 (4) וחוֹסֵךְ גרוגרת וכ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. edition Yerushalmi (prefix) (Mishnah a. Babylonian edition חוֹשֵׂךְ, Munich manuscript repeatedly חתך) and retains one fig (which he does not eat). the same place (ibid.) לא יַחְסוֹךְ (variant reading same).—participle pass. חָסוּךְstripped, wanting. Kelim 1, 2 (וחֲשׂוּכֵי) וחֲסוּכֵי בגדים and to make unclean the persons alone but not their clothes. Eruvin 28ᵃ חֲסוּכֵי בנים Munich manuscript a. other (edition חשוכי) those who want children, opposite מרובי בנים. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיסֵּךְto spare, be regardful, lenient. Tosefta Sotah 6, 7 ח׳ עליו הכתוב the Biblical text (the Lord) spared him (did not rebuke him). the same place (ibid.) מְחַסְּכִין לו they (in heaven) spare him. Zevachim 6ᵇ חי׳ הכתוב the Biblical law has regard to expenses; see חִיסָּכוֹן. ↗ original
חֲסַךְ participle passive חֲסִיךְ which see Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 41, 3 חַסְכָן, read: חֲסִיכָן. ↗ original
חָסַל compare the preceding words) to peel off, to bare. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᵈ the locust is called ḥasilשהוא חוֹסֵל וכ׳ because it bares everything. ↗ original
חֲסַל , [to scrape off; (compare חָנַךְ) to finish,] to cease, have done (compare גָּמַר). Targum 2 Chronicles 4, 11.—חֲסִיל to be exhausted, gone. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 47, 15. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 31, 24; and elsewhere—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 50, 19 חַסְלַת וכ׳ the evil is paid off (atoned for; compare גמל).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Rosh Hashanah 2, 58ᵇ top מן דַחֲסַל … מן וכ׳ when R. … had ceased from praying. Bereshith Rabbah section 17, beginning מן דחַסְלִין (not דמן ח׳) when they had finished their studies; and frequently to mature, ripen. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Numbers 17, 23 (Hebrew text גמל). to wean. Targum I Samuel 1, 24 (Hebrew text גמל); and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְסִיל,Pa'el פִּעֵל חַסַּלto peel off, lay bare. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 28, 38. to finish. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Genesis 46, 18.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Bikkurim 1, 64ᵃ מְחַסֵּל לה finished the sentence (by adding a general rule). Shir HaShirim Rabbah beginning זימנין מח׳ לה וכ׳ sometimes he goes through the entire alphabet etc.; (Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 13 חשל); and frequently Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְחֲסִילto be weaned. Targum Onkelos Genesis 21, 8 (edition Berlin edition אִתְחַ׳); and elsewhere ↗ original
חָסַם 1 compare the preceding words, [to withhold, prevent, see Ezekiel 39, 11,] to muzzle, especially to prevent the animal from eating while at work (with referring to Deuteronomy 25, 4). Bava Metzia 90ᵃ עובר משום בל תַּחְסוֹם he trespasses the law forbidding to muzzle (if he prevents the animal from eating). the same place (ibid.) חֲסוֹם פרתי muzzle my cow. the same place (ibid.)ᵇ, and elsewhere חֲסָמָהּ בקול if he prevents her from eating by shouting at her; and frequently—Transferred (an adaptation of Deuteronomy the passage cited which is followed by the law concerning leviratical marriage) to tie a woman to a man (Yabam) with whom she cannot live; [Rashi: to shut a woman’s mouth, ignore her objections]. Yevamoth 4ᵃ שאין חוֹסְמִין אותה that we do not coërce her (to be the wife of a leper). to form the rim of basket work or of a leather bag. Kelim 16, 2; 3; 4. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְסַםto be muzzled, to be prevented from eating while at work. Bava Metzia 89ᵃ לאקושי חוֹסֵם לנֶחְסָם וכ׳ to draw a parallel between the muzzler (human laborer) and the muzzled (laboring brute). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַסֵּם,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַסֵּםto be bent into a rim. Kelim 20, 2. ↗ original
חֲסַם , to muzzle; in a transferred sense to silence. Sotah 35ᵃ וחַסְמִין לי and they will silence me. Sanhedrin 32ᵇ Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְחַסַּםIthpeelאִתְחֲסַם, אִיחֲ׳to be muzzled, silenced. Targum Psalms 32, 9. the same place (ibid.) 107, 42.—Sanhedrin the passage cited ולִיחַסְּמוּ let them be silenced (intimidated). ↗ original
חָסַם 2 (compare חסל) to peel, scrape, to polish, glaze, harden (steel). Tosefta Shevi'ith 6, 10; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 8, 38ᵇ bottom of the page אין חוֹסְמִין וכ׳ you must not use it for glazing stoves or ranges. Tosefta Betzah 3, 16 כדי לחוֹסְמָן for the purpose of glazing them; Betzah 34ᵃ לחַסְּמָן (Pi'el).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, end, 81ᵃ, see below.—[Tosefta Demai 4, 12 משיחסום, read: משיתנם?] Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיסֵּםsame. Betzah the passage cited, see above. the same place (ibid.) מפני שצריך לחַסְּמָן because it is necessary to glaze the tiles (by heating them). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַסֵּםto be glazed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, end, 81ᵃ [read:] ואין מפיגין אותן בצונן כדי שיִתְחַסְּמוּ nor must you cool them off suddenly in order that they may be glazed (hardened). 5. חִיסּוּם. ↗ original
חֲסַם ²participle pass. חֲסִיםbright and hard, flinty.—plural חֲסִימִין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 8, 9; (Yerushalmi (prefix) I שאילן מסימן, read: הֲסִימַן fem. plural). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) the same place (ibid.) 33, 25. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַסֵּם [to scrape, compare גמגם, חָכַךְ 2] to hesitate, be uncertain what to do. Shabbath 147ᵃ הוה קא מְחַסֵּם וכ׳ he hesitated to hand it to him. Kethuboth 20ᵇ. Bava Metzia 23ᵇ. Chullin 50ᵃ. [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. some manuscripts have הסם; see Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) Aruch Completum (Kohut) under the word הסם a. Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim to Bava Metzia the passage cited] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַסֵּםto receive a steel edge; in a transferred sense (of the mouth) to become able to speak. Vayikra Rabbah section 23; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 2 אתח׳ ר׳ וכ׳ R. E. (who on a former occasion was unable to pronounce a blessing) has received a steel edge, and they named him R. E. Ḥisma; [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): הא חֲסִים אלעזר, see above]. to rub against, in a transferred sense (compare גָּרַר) to seek a quarrel, to vie with (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1333). Targum Proverbs 24, 19 (Hebrew text תתחר). ↗ original
חֲסַן 1to be strong. [Targum Isaiah 63, 15, see Ithpaal]—5. חוּסְנָא (compare חזק) to take possession (mostly in Af'el). Pa'el פִּעֵל חַסֵּיןto strengthen. Targum Isaiah 35, 3 (Hebrew text אמץ). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְסֵיןsame. Targum Onkelos Genesis 49, 24. Targum Amos 2, 14 (Hebrew text same. Targum Onkelos Genesis 49, 24. Targum Amos 2, 14 (Hebrew text אמץ); and elsewhere to take possession (for one’s self and heirs). Targum Psalms 37, 29. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 25, 46 (Yerushalmi (prefix) תִחְסְ׳, Pe.); and frequently—Bava Bathra 148ᵇ bottom of the page אף יַחְסִין וירת וכ׳ also if he uses the expression yaḥsin, he shall take possession, or yereth, he shall inherit, referring to an heir. to give possession, to bequeathe. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 32, 8 באחסנא (Yerushalmi (prefix) באַחְסָנוּת verbal noun, construct state). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 11, 26. to hoard up (see חִסְנָא). Targum Amos 2, 6; 8, 6 (Hebrew text נעלים, see נַעַל). (compare חָזַק Hif'il) to hold, have room for. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 29ᵃ top (referring to 2 Kings 6, 1) לא א׳ אוכלוסייא וכ׳ (not אסחין) it did no longer hold the masses etc. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַסֵּין, אִתְחַסַּןto strengthen one’s self, to betake one’s self; to control one’s own emotions. Targum Jeremiah 3, 8. Targum Isaiah 63, 15 edition Lagarde edition (other edition יֶחְסְ׳).—Targum Onkelos Genesis 43, 31 (see זְרַז). Targum I Samuel 13, 12; and frequently (Hebrew text התאפק). to be put in possession. Targum Job 7, 3 (Hebrew text הָנְחַלְתִּי). ↗ original
חֲסַן 2 (= חֲסַל I), Af'el אַחְסֵין to wean. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 21, 8. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַסַּןto be weaned. the same place (ibid.) to be fully compensated. Targum Proverbs 11, 31 (Hebrew text יְשֻׁלָּם). ↗ original
חִסְנָא (חֲסַן) strength, power. Daniel 2, 37; see חוּסְנָא. stronghold, store-house (Biblical Hebrew חֹסֶן).—plural חִסְנַיָּא. Targum Joel 1, 17 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition Lagarde edition חוּסְנַיָּא; see אִסְנָא). ↗ original
חֲסַף 1 (compare חָסַל) to peel off; (neut. verb) to be scaly, rough. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַסַּףto pound grain etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵇ bottom of the page ח׳ פלפלין pounds pepper (compare מחספס, Exodus 16, 14). [Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 2, 8ᶜ bottom of the page וחספתה, see חֲפַס.] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַסֵּף [to become white, compare כסף,] to feel ashamed. Targum 2 Esther 6, 12. ↗ original
חֲסַף 2 (the preceding) (= Hebrew חֶרֶשׂ) rough clay, מאנא דח׳clay vessel (common and easily broken). (common and easily broken). Targum Onkelos Leviticus 11, 33; and elsewhere [something with which to peel or scrape,] fragment of a vessel, potsherd. Targum Proverbs 26, 23.—Yevamoth 92ᵇ, and elsewhere, see דְּלֵי. Kiddushin 18ᵃ (proverb) נקיט … יהיבנא ליה ח׳ he had a pearl in his hand, and we give him a sherd, i.e. for a valuable object we give him a valueless paper; and frequently—plural חַסְפִּין, חִ׳. Bereshith Rabbah section 14, see דְּבַק; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 2; and elsewhere ↗ original
חַסְפָּא (חסף; compare כסופא) shame; (compare Biblical Hebrew בּשֶׁת) idol. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 1, 37ᵃ top (in answer to the question, ‘Does not ḥeres mean a sherd?’) לשון אומות … קריין לח׳ כספא (ḥeres may be used as a substitute for חֵרֶם) for it is a gentile dialect, the Nabatæans say ḥispa for kispa (כסופא) (which means shame or idol); Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 1, beginning 51ᵃ (correct accordingly); see Nedarim 10ᵇ top of the page ↗ original
חַסְפְּיָהḤaspiah (Hasbeya), a border town in Northern Palestine. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 22ᵈ top; Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 10 צפיח edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading חצפיא, צפיא). ↗ original
חַסְפְּנִיתָא (חֲסַף) scaly skin. Bamidbar Rabbah section 19; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 23 רגלוי … לח׳ דנונא the feet of chickens resemble (as to their covering) the scale-covered skin of the fish, see חַרְסְפִיתִין. scab, eruption. Shabbath 133ᵇ, and the following האי מאן דמשי … ליה ח׳ (Munich manuscript חוספנתא) he who washes his face and does not dry it well, will get a scab. Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ, and the following (Rashi: חוס׳). ↗ original
חָסַר [to scrape off,] to diminish, take off; to be diminished, less; to want, miss; to be imperfect. Sanhedrin 68ᵃ ולא חָסַרְתִּי מרבותי וכ׳ yet I skimmed of the knowledge of my teachers no more than a dog takes who licks out of the sea. the same place (ibid.) ולא חֲסָרוּנִי וכ׳ they skimmed of my knowledge etc.; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 3 לא חֲסַרְתִּיהָ וכ׳ what wisdom I skimmed of the Law, was no more than etc., see זַכְרוּת. the same place (ibid.) רבותי חֲסָרוּהָ וכ׳ my teachers carried off at least a real smattering of it etc. Bava Kamma 20ᵃ bottom of the page מאי חֲסַרְתִּיךָ what loss have I occasioned to thee?—the same place (ibid.)ᵇ, and frequently זה נהנה … חָסֵר the one profits while the other loses nothing (therefore can claim no damages). Vayikra Rabbah section 1 מה חָסַרְתָּ, see דֵּעָה. Menachoth 30ᵃ, and elsewhere is it possible ס"ת ח׳ אות וכ׳ that the Book of the Law wanted one letter yet (to be written) etc.?—Pesikta Rabbati section 3 (referring to מתה עלי, Genesis 48, 7) שחֲסרְתִּיהָ for I miss her; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיסֵּרto lessen, omit; to deprive. Kerithoth 6ᵃ חי׳ אחת וכ׳ if he left out one of its ingredients. Eruvin 13ᵃ שמא אתה מְחַסֵּר וכ׳ for if thou omit one letter. Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 15 (referring to חסרון, the same place (ibid.)) משאדם מְחַ׳ עצמו וכ׳ as soon as a man deprives himself of the words of the Law (neglecting them); the same place (ibid.) מַחֲסִיר (Hif'il). Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 11, beginning 30ᵃ אפי׳ לא חי׳ even if on inflicting an injury (see חַבּוּרָה) he did not create a diminution (open wound); and frequently—participle pass. מְחוּסָּר, construct state מְחוּסַּרwanting, requiring. Rosh Hashanah 6ᵃ מח׳ זמן wanting time, i.e. too young for sacrifice. Kerithoth 2, 1 מח׳ כפרה requires a ceremony of atonement (before he may partake of a sacred meal). Bereshith Rabbah section 32, and elsewhere מח׳ אמנה, see אֲמָנָה I. Chullin 25ᵃ, see חֲטִיטָה.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 5, 10ᶜ bottom of the page מח׳ מעשה אחד wanting one action to be available; and frequently—plural construct state מְחוּסְּרֵי. Kerithoth the passage cited ארבעה מ׳ וכ׳ there are four persons requiring a ceremony of atonement before being permitted etc., see above; and frequently Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְסִירsame, see above. ↗ original
חֲסַר Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 16, 18 (O. edition Berlin edition חַסָּר, other edition חֲסַר, חַסִּיר) had less. Targum Deuteronomy 2, 7; and frequently—Niddah 68ᵃ חַסְרַת, see דּוּדָא; and elsewhere Pa'el פִּעֵל חַסַּרsame, see above.—2) to lessen, deprive, reduce. Targum Psalms 8, 6. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 4, 8; and frequently—Sanhedrin 22ᵃ חַסְּרֵיה וכ׳ see גַּנָּבָא; and elsewhere—participle pass. מְחַסַּר (see the precedingPi'el) wanting. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 11, 32.—Betzah 24ᵃ; Bechoroth 39ᵃ, and frequently חַסּוּרֵי מְחַסְּרָא (or מִיחַסְּרָאIthpaal) the relation is defective (a clause has been omitted). ↗ original
חָסֵר 2wanting, defective; less. Shabbath 7, 2 ארבעים ח׳ אחת forty (labors) less one. Bava Bathra 7, 2, see הֵן. the same place (ibid.) 89ᵇ מדה ח׳ וכ׳ a measure too small or too large. Tosefta Taanith 1, 2 אם … השנה ח׳ if the year had a deficiency of rain; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 64ᵇ; and frequently—plural חֲסֵירִים, … רִין; חֲסֵירוֹת. Makkoth 23ᵃ חֲסֵירֵי כח of feeble physics; and frequently—Esp. a) (calendar) חָסֵרa defective month (of 29 days), opposite מלא of thirty days. Bava Metzia 59ᵇ ואיחליף מלא לח׳ … and he made a mistake between a full and a defective month (thought it was the thirtieth day of the preceding month). Rosh Hashanah 19ᵇ; and frequently—plural as ab. the same place (ibid.)— b) (orthogr.) a defective writing, omission of the vowel letter, opposite מלא (plene), for example חֹדֶשׁ, plene חוֹדֶשׁ.—plural feminine חֲסֵירוֹת. Eruvin 13ᵃ; Kiddushin 30ᵃ ח׳ ויתרות the rules concerning defective and plene; and frequently creating a defect. Chagigah 3ᵇ (referring to Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 12, 11) אי מה … ח׳ וכ׳ you might think, as the nail (driven in) creates a hole and not an addition, אף ד"ת חֲסֵירִין וכ׳ so do the words of the Law etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 989 end אף ד"ת מְחַסְּרִין וכ׳. ↗ original
חָסֵר Targum I Kings 11, 22. Targum I Samuel 21, 16; and frequently—Targum 2 Esther 3, 8 חד ח׳ one month is defective (of 29 days).—plural חֲסֵרִין, חֲסֵי׳. Targum Proverbs 27, 12 (edition Vilna edition חַסְרִין, see חֲסַר).—Targum 2 Esther the passage cited (edition Lagarde edition חֲסוֹרִין) starving↗ original
חֶסְרוֹן (the preceding) want, loss.—ח׳ כיס loss of money. Shabbath 157ᵃ, and frequently, see מוּקְצֶה. Kiddushin 32ᵇ שאין בה ח׳ כיס with which no material loss is connected. Vayikra Rabbah section 5 המקום ימלא חֶסְרוֹנְךָ the Lord replace thy deficiency; Berachoth 16ᵇ. Tosefta Taanith 1, 2 נותנין לה חִיסְּרוֹנָהּ the year’s deficiency (of rain) will be supplied to him (who prays); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 64ᵇ חסרונה. the same place (ibid.)ᵈ top (referring to Job 30, 3) אם ראית ח׳ בא וכ׳ when thou seest scarcity etc.; (Bereshith Rabbah section 31; section 34 חוֹסֶר), see גַּלְמוּד. Chullin 47ᵇ, and frequently נקב שיש בו ח׳ a perforation connected with a loss of substance. the same place (ibid.); Bechoroth 39ᵃ, and elsewhere ח׳ מבפנים … ח׳ a deficiency of substance inside of an organ is not considered a defect (in ritual law); and frequently ↗ original
חָף ² (compare Biblical Hebrew חֹף; חפף I) border, shore. Bamidbar Rabbah section 13 (referring to Numbers 7, 26) אין כף אלא חף וכ׳Kaf (bowl) means the same as ḥaf (shore), as it is said (Psalms 98, 8) rivers strike the Kaf. (compare חִיפָּא) [rim, ridge,] ward of a lock(פותחת); bit of a key (corresponding to the ward); pivot of a door (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 section vv. Cardo, Clavis). Shabbath 8, 6 כדי … חף bone large enough to make of it a ḥaf; explained the same place (ibid.) 81ᵃ חַפֵּי פותחת the rims (ward) of a lock; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 11ᵇ bot מהו חף סרגיד what ḥaf is meant? (Answ.) the key-ward; the same place (ibid.) תמן היא עביד חף בלוט וכ׳ (not כלוט) there (Kelim 14, 8) he (R. Judah) uses ḥaf in the sense of a key-bit, and here (Shabbath the passage cited) in the sense of a key-ward. the border of a web, used for starting a new web by fastening the warp to it. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7, 10ᶜ, see נִיר 4.—plural חַפִּים, חַפִּין. Kelim 13, 6 פותחת של עץ וח׳ וכ׳ if the lock is of wood and its key-bits of metal (edition Dehr. חָפִין). the same place (ibid.) 14, 8 ניטלו ח׳ if the teeth of the bit are broken off (damaged). Shabbath 81ᵃ, see above. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, 7ᵃ top חַפֵּי לסוטות borders used for weaving veils. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 10 (explained פתות, I Kings 7, 50) חפיפות, read: חַפֵּי פותחות the pivots; (Pesikta Rabbati section 6 בלוטין שבפותחות, see בָּלוּט).—Kelim 11, 4 הַפִּין = החפין. ↗ original
חֳפָאִים (plural of חֳפִי; חָפָה) covering over burnt clay vessels. Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 3, 14; the same place (ibid.) Parah V (4), 2 (לח׳) גילה ח׳ וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (edition corrupt) if he removes the covering and finds dust on the vessels (proving that none had touched them; see Rabbenu Shimshon to Parah 5, 1 for correct version). ↗ original
חִפּוּי (the preceding) covering, wrapping. Kelim 16, 8 (חעשוי) לח׳ whatever is intended for wrapping, opposite תיק, casing. the same place (ibid.) 26, 6. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 4, 11; and elsewhere—plural חִפּוּיִם, חִי׳. the same place (ibid.) 16, 8 חִפּוּיֵ האלה וכ׳ the wrapping of a lance etc. upholstered seat. the same place (ibid.) 22, 4 a bridal chair שנטל חִפּוּיוֹ whose seat is missing; (Eduy. 1, 11 חִפּוּיָו, Munich manuscript דפניו, Mishnah Nap. חופיו, see Rabad ad loc. (on the passage)). Kelim the passage cited 6 שנטל חִפּוּיוֹ האמצעי whose middle cushion (of the three forming the seat) is wanting.—plural as ab. the same place (ibid.) 5 שלא היו חִפּוּיָו יוצאין (edition Dehr. חִפּוּיָיו) whose seats were not movable (see Rabad to Eduy. the passage cited); and frequently—[Tosefta Shabbath 4 (5), 7 כל חיפוי edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.), read with edition: נוֹי.] ↗ original
חִפּוּיָאsame, covering, coating, overlaying. Targum Exodus 38, 17; 19 (Hebrew text צִפּוּי). Targum Isaiah 30, 22. ↗ original
חֲפוּרָה (חָפַר) pit. Yevamoth 121ᵃ; Berachoth 33ᵃ חפי׳; (Tosefta Yevamoth 14, 4; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 16, 15ᶜ בּוֹר). ↗ original
חֲפוּרָה ² (the preceding) products of the earth gained by digging, opposite to those gained by cutting; bulbs, roots etc. [Also used in Chaldaic (Aramaic) phraseology.] Tosefta Nedarim 4, 3 הנודר מן החפי׳ וכ׳ (variant reading הפירי) if one vows abstinence from ḥăfirah, he is forbidden melons etc.; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 7, beginning 40ᵇ האפייה (correct accordingly). Bechoroth 52ᵇ ח׳ והוה שובלי (if on the father’s death) what was available of the products of the ground was classed under ḥ. (vegetable, for example green of grains), and now it is shublé (ears); Bava Bathra 124ᵃ (Munich manuscript חֲפוּרֵי והוו). Yevamoth 63ᵃ מאה … מילחא וח׳ invest a hundred Zuz in land, and you will have salt and common vegetable. ↗ original
חֲפוּרִית (the preceding) fruits belonging to the class ofḥăfurah, inferior produces. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Asser, p. 100ᵃ; Tanchuma R’eh 18; Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 897. ↗ original
חֲפוּרְתָּא (the preceding words) digging, mine.—ח׳ לבא mine of the heart, seat of deep-laid plans. Targum Psalms 73, 7, see חוֹטְבָא. ↗ original
*חֲפוּשִׁית (חָפַשׁ) a grant of emancipation, pardon, liberty. Bereshith Rabbah section 53, a gloss explained דּוֹרִיָּיה (some edition חפושיה; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 92 חָפְשִׁיּוּת). ↗ original
חָפַז (Biblical Hebrew) to be in haste, to hurry. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְפָּזto be hurried, excited. Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 26 נבהל ונֶחְפָּז frightened and excited. ↗ original
חִפָּזוֹןthe preceding) haste, being hurried. Berachoth 9ᵃ (referring to Exodus 12, 11) עד שעת ח׳ (which means, you may eat of the Passover lamb) up to the time of leaving in haste. the same place (ibid.) על שעת ח׳ וכ׳ (they differ) as to the time of ḥippazon; R. El. saying ח׳ דמצריםhipp. refers to the hastening of the Egyptians (the same place (ibid.) 30, and the following, at night), while R. Ak. refers it to ח׳ דישראל the haste of the Israelites (in the morning, Numbers 33, 3); Mechilta Bo, section 7 זה חֶפְזוֹן מצרים this (Exodus 12, 11) refers to etc. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ שכינה the haste (anxiety) of the Deity. Sifré Deuteronomy 130 (referring to Deuteronomy 16, 3) יכול ח׳ לישראל ולמצרים you might think, there was anxiety (fear) on the part of Israel and of Egypt. Pesachim 9, 5. the same place (ibid.) 96ᵃ אותו נאכל בח׳ וכ׳ this was eaten in haste, but no other etc.—Shemoth Rabbah section 19; and elsewhere ↗ original
חפיto cover, spread over. Chullin 3, 7 וכנפיו חוֹפִין וכ׳ and whose wings cover the largest portion of its body. Sotah 9, 15 (49ᵃ) וחָפוּ ראשם and covered their heads (in shame).—participle passive חָפוּי. Esther Rabbah to 6, 12 וחֲפוּי ראש וכ׳ and his head covered (in shame) over what had happened to him; Megillah 16ᵃ to bend, curve. Yoma 47ᵃ חוֹפֶה שלש וכ׳ he bends three of his fingers (grasping with them) up to etc.; compare חָפַן. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיפָּהto cover, strew over. Tosefta Kilayim 1, 15 המְחַפֶּה who covers up (mixed seeds with earth); Moed Katan 2ᵇ; Makkoth 21ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) החופה edition (Munich manuscript המח׳). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 7, 31ᵇ לא במחפה is it not because in plowing over he covers the seeds up? Shevi'ith 4, 5 לא יְהַפֵּהוּ בעפר he must not cover it (the cut) with loose ground, opposite to (כסה) covering with stones. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, beginning 65ᵃ אבותינו חִיפּוּ … חִיפִּינוּ וכ׳ our ancestors covered it (the reader’s desk) with gold, and we with dust. Niddah 16ᵃ ותְחַפֶּנָּהּ וכ׳ and semen virile may have covered it up; and elsewhere to cover over, to protect from justice, to be partial. Shevuoth 39ᵃ מפני שמְחַפִּין עליו because they (the publican’s or robber’s relations) protect him. Shemoth Rabbah section 30 היו מְחַפִּין אותו tried to protect him; and elsewhere (compare גָּבַב) [to heap up words,] to invent fictions (see 2 Kings 17, 9). Bereshith Rabbah section 94 (play on הפים, the same place (ibid.) 46, 21) שחִיפּוּ עליו דברים וכ׳ about whom they invented a fiction (Genesis 37, 3). ↗ original
חֲפֵי , to cover, overlay. Targum Exodus 36, 34; and frequently—Targum Ezekiel 26, 19 ויִחֲפוּנִיךְ they shall cover thee up (bury).—Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 32, 11 וחָפָא וכ׳ he spread over them the shade etc.—Avodah Zarah 39ᵃ חַפְיֵיה בדיקולא Munich manuscript (edition חפיא, incorr.) he put a basket over it. Sotah 22ᵇ דחֲפוּ, see גּוּנְדָּא 2. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַפֵּיto cover, overlay. Targum Isaiah 40, 19; and elsewhere—participle passive מְחַפָּא, plural מְחַפִּין, feminine מְחַפַּן. Targum Exodus 26, 32. as the precedingPi. 2. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 20, 5 (compare Shevuoth 39ᵃ). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַהֲפֵיto cover, overlay. Targum Exodus 26, 29; and elsewhere (edition Berlin edition תִחְפֵּיPe.). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַפֵּי,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְחֲפִיto be covered. Targum I Kings 18, 45. Targum Isaiah 42, 22 אִתְחֲ׳ בהתא were covered with shame (Hebrew text הפח); and elsewhere ↗ original
חַפְיָא 1 (the preceding) cover, overlaying.—plural חפְיֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 17, 3, and the following; see חוֹפָאָה. (adjective; compare חוּס) bending over, concerned. Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 3 לגרמיה ח׳ הוא (some edition חַפְיָה) he is concerned about himself (his honor, because he has not been invited.) ↗ original
חַפְיָא 2 (see חפף 2 a. חוּף I; compare יָחֵף) barefooted (in mourning). Bereshith Rabbah section 100 נפיק ח׳ (some edition חפי) went out barefooted, opposite לביש סנדלוי. ↗ original
חֲפִינָה (חָפַן) the priest’s taking handfuls of incense (Leviticus 16, 12). Yoma 19ᵃ top ללמדו ח׳ (they took him to the house of Abtinas) to teach him the manipulation of ḥăfinah. the same place (ibid.) וגמר ח׳ and he learned ḥăf. the same place (ibid.) 49ᵃ בחֲפִינָתוֹ with what the dying highpriest had seized with his hands. Menachoth 11ᵃ והאיכא ח׳ is there not ḥăfinah among the difficult priestly functions?; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲפִיסָה (חפס to collect, compare Arab.ḥafaš, a. ḥafṣ) a small leather bag, valise (for documents etc.). Bava Metzia 1, 8, explained the same place (ibid.) 20ᵇ חמת קטנה; Gittin 3, 3; the same place (ibid.) 28ᵃ. Yoma 75ᵇ כמו שמונח בח׳ Munich manuscript (edition בקופסא) as if lying (pressed) in a valise. [Also in Chaldaic] Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 2, 8ᶜ top מכסי בח׳ covered up with a bag. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 93ᵃ [read:] הדה חֲפִיסְתִּי וכ׳ my valise here and my cloak. ↗ original
חֲפִיפָה 1 (חָפַף 1) covering. Moed Katan 12ᵇ ↗ original
חֲפִיפָה 2 (חָפַף 2) cleansing the head with a detergent, comb etc. Bava Kamma 82ᵇ top of the page תיקן ח׳ ordained (for women before bathing) cleansing etc. Niddah 66ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 2, 53ᶜ top; Tosefta Maʿǎser Sheni 2, 1 חֲפִיפָתָהּ when she cleanses her hair. ↗ original
*חֲפִיפוּתָא 1 (חֲפַף 1) being bent; חֲפִיפוּת לב humiliation, sorrow. Targum Lamentations 3, 65 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition תבירות, Hebrew text מְגִנַּת). ↗ original
חֲפִיפוּתָא 2 , Aruch (Sefer HeArukh)) feminine (הפף 1) preparation for the ḥuppah (see חוּפָּה). Kethuboth 17ᵃ מישחא דח׳ קאמר מר do you speak of oil used at bridal arrangements? Aruch (Sefer HeArukh); [other opinion (חפף 2) oil used for curing sores of the head, see חֲפָפִית]. ↗ original
חֲפִיצָה (חָפֵץ) use of the rootחפץ, finding pleasure. Bereshith Rabbah section 80; Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22 (referring to Malachi 3, 12). ↗ original
חֲפִיר (participle passive of חֲפַר) one for whom a grave is dug. Koheleth Rabbah to 10, 7 ח׳ טב וכ׳ a dead man is better off than he; Shabbath 151ᵇ דחפיר וקביר וכ׳ one who is dead and buried. ↗ original
חָפִיתָא (see חָף) fish remaining on the shore after the water receded, mud-fish. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 4 (referring to תדוץ דאבה, Job 41, 14, compare דָּאַב) מקרטעא כהדא ח׳ jumping like raked fish. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 42ᵃ חָפִיתָה; compare חִיפּוּשָׁא. ↗ original
חָפַן [to bend the fingers, form a hollow of the hand, denominative חוֹפֶן; whence] to take handfuls. Maʿǎser Sheni 2, 5 אם בלל וח׳ וכ׳ if he mixed the coins up and took by handfuls, you go by the proportion of the coins mixed. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 53ᶜ כבולל וחוֹפֵן it is as in the case of him who etc.—Esp. (of the priest) to take grabs of incense with both hands (see חֲפִינָה). Yoma 5, 1. the same place (ibid.) 47ᵃ היה חוֹפֵן וכ׳ used to grab etc.; and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְפַּןto be grabbed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni the passage cited הנבללין והנֶחְפָּנִין the coins which were mixed up and then collected by handfuls. ↗ original
חֲפַן Yoma 47ᵇ (referring to Leviticus 16, 12) כדחַפְנֵי אינשי as people usually grab. Bereshith Rabbah section 5 ההוא דח׳ תרי וכ׳ he who takes a grab takes twice as much as he who fills his fist, see קמץ; Yalkut Shimoni Joshua 14. ↗ original
חֹפֶןthe preceding words) the hollow of the hand formed by bending the fingers so as to touch the wrist, contradistinguished to קֹמֶץ; a handful. Bereshith Rabbah section 5 חָפְנוֹ של משה the quantity of a handful of Moses’ hand. Shemoth Rabbah section 11 מלא ח׳ שלו מלא ח׳ וכ׳ his (Moses’) handful and that of Aaron; and frequently—Dual חָפְנַיִם, חוֹפְנַיִם. Yoma 5, 1 מלא הָפְנָיו his two handfuls. the same place (ibid.) 47ᵃ חוֹפְנָיו. Shemoth Rabbah the passage cited לקחו … חָפְנֵיהֶם both of them took, each his handfuls; and frequently [Tosefta Bava Metzia 9, 14 חפן edition, read סַפָּן as edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.)]. ↗ original
חָפְנָא Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 4, 6 מלא חפני, read: חָפְנֵיה.—plural חָפְנִין, חָפְנֵי, חוּפְ׳. the same place (ibid.) Targum Exodus 9, 8. Targum Ezekiel 1, 8; and elsewhere—Shabbath 62ᵇ מלא ח׳ by handfuls, liberally. ↗ original
חֲפַס = Hebrew חָפַשׂ to dig. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 21, 33 (edition Amsterdam edition יַחְפֵּס). Targum Job 3, 20.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Metzia 2, 8ᶜ bottom of the page וחספתה, read: וחַפְסוּנָהּ and when they were digging it up. (compare חֲפִיסָה) to grab. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 1. Numbers 11, 8 (some edition חַפְּ׳Pa'el; Hebrew text שָׁטוּ). Targum Job 3, 21. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַפֵּס, חַפֵּשׂ same. the same place (ibid.) 39, 21 מְחַפְּשִׂין edition Lagarde edition (other edition מחפרין). ↗ original
חָפַף 1to bend over, to cover; in a transferred sense to be anxious, to care. Megillah 26ᵃ; Zevachim 53ᵇ and the following והיה … מצטער … שנ׳ חוֹפֵף וכ׳ Benjamin took pains … to conquer it, as it says (Deuteronomy 33, 12) he (Benjamin) is bent over it etc. [Rashi: rubs his head, see חָפַף 2.] ↗ original
חֲפַף , Polelחוֹפֵף Chaldaic (Aramaic) same. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 1. Deuteronomy 32, 11 חָפָא. (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 מחסחף, read: מְחַפְחֵף). Ithpol. אִתְחוֹפֵףsame. Targum Onkelos the same place (ibid.) (Hebrew text ירחף). Palp. חַפְחֵף , see above. ↗ original
חָפַף 2 (compare חֲפַס) to scrape, rub, especially to cleanse one’s head, rub, comb. Shabbath 31ᵃ והיה הלל חוֹפֵף וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition והלל חפף) and Hillel was washing his head. Nazir 6, 3 נזיר חופף וכ׳ a Nazir may wash (rub with his hand) his hair. the same place (ibid.) לא יָחוֹף באדמה he must not use an earth, see נָשַׁר. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 150 (play on חפים, Genesis 46, 21) לא חָפַפְתִּי וכ׳ I did not wash (my head) or comb. Tosefta Terumoth 10, 4 שחִיפָּת וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) which a priest’s daughter has used for washing her hair; the same place (ibid.) Maʿǎser Sheni 2, 1 שחפה. ↗ original
חֲפַף ² , to rub. Targum Jeremiah 6, 26 חפו וכ׳ rub your heads with ashes (Hebrew text התפלש).—participle passive חֲפִיף, plural חֲפִיפִין. Targum Ezekiel 27, 30. ↗ original
חָפַץto bend (see Job 40, 17); חָפֵץto be busy with, to be anxious, desire.—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Haḥod. p. 47ᵇ הוא ח׳ לגאול אתכם He is anxious to redeem you; the same place (ibid.) ח׳ בגאולתכם; Pesikta Rabbati section 15 ה׳ לגאולתכם; Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 8; and elsewhere—[ to hold in one’s hand, compare חָפַן; see next word] ↗ original
חֵפֶץthe preceding) thing (held in hand), object. Bava Metzia 4, 10 בכמה ח׳ זה how much is this worth? Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 4 כל ח׳ טוב any good thing; and frequently concern, business; desire, desirable object. the same place (ibid.); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Sos, p. 147ᵃ אין לי ח׳ טוב ממך I have nothing more desirable than thyself. Koheleth Rabbah to 5, 7 נעשה חֶפְצוֹ his desire was fulfilled. Bamidbar Rabbah section 19 אל תחזירני מן חֶפְצִי וכ׳ do not turn me off from (refuse) my desire which etc.; and frequently—plural חֲפָצִים. Moed Katan 9ᵇ (referring to Proverbs 3, 15, a. 8, 11) הא חֶפְצֵי שמים but heavenly affairs (religious deeds) are equal to it (the study of the Law). Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 15ᵈ bottom of the page (referring to Proverbs the passage cited) חפצים וכ׳ ‘desirable things’, that means jewels and pearls, ‘thy desirable things’, that means etc. the same place (ibid.) חֲפָצֶיךָ וחֲפָצַי וכ׳ thy treasures and my treasures cannot compare to what I sent you; Bereshith Rabbah section 35, end.—Shabbath 113ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 58, 13) חֲפָצֶיךָ אסורין ח׳ שמים וכ׳ thy pursuits are forbidden (on the Sabbath), but heavenly affairs (consultation about public welfare, education etc.) are permitted; the same place (ibid.) 150ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original
חֶפְצָא , especially a sacred object held in hand at the delivery of an oath. Shevuoth 38ᵇ צריך לאתפושי ח׳ בידיה the judge must make him hold an object (Torah) in his hand. the same place (ibid.) האי דיינא דאשבע … ולא תפיס ח׳ בידיה Manuscript Florence Margin (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim a l. note 40) a judge that administers an oath by the Lord …, while the affirmant holds no object etc. the same place (ibid.) דהא לא נקיט ח׳ (Munich manuscript מידעם) for he had nothing in his hand.—Bava Kamma 91ᵃ למימד ח׳ וכ׳ to give an opinion on the fact whether or not he has caused that injury. ↗ original
חַפְצָא a kind of peas. plural חַפְצֵי (חִיפְ׳ Rashi). Chullin 52ᵃ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הַפְצֵי, explained עפצים). ↗ original
חפַרto dig, hollow out. Bava Kamma 5, 5 החוֹפֵר בור וכ׳ if one hollows out a pit on private ground, but opens it on public ground; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 6, 4. Bava Metzia 50ᵃ, see אוּשׁ 2. Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 32, end לַחְפֹּור to dig graves, see חֵפֶר; and frequently ↗ original
חֲפַר 1to dig. Targum Psalms 7, 16 (manuscript כרא). Targum Genesis 26, 15; and frequently—participle pass. חֲפִיר which see (in a transferred sense) to plan, espy. Targum Proverbs 16, 27. Targum Job 39, 29. ↗ original
חֲפַר 2to be white, be ashamed. Targum Proverbs 13, 5. ↗ original
חֵפֶר (חָפַר) grave-digging. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, end, 69ᶜ בטל הח׳ the grave-digging (for the generation of the wilderness) ceased; Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Z’era). Yerushalmi (prefix) the passage cited צאו לח׳ go out for grave-digging; (Echah Rabbah the passage cited; Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 32, end לַחְפּוֹר). ↗ original
חַפְרִיתָה name of a root (?) Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 3, 34ᶜ bottom of the page ↗ original
חָפַשׂ , Pi. חִיפֵּשׂto dig, search. Pesachim 2, 3 כל … לחַפֵּשׂ אחריו what the dog cannot reach by digging for it. Shabbath 89ᵃ חִיפַּשְׂתִּי וכ׳ I searched all over the world. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1 אם אתה מחַפֵּשׂ אחר וכ׳ if thou wilt dig after the words of the Law as for secret treasures; and frequently ↗ original
חָפַשׁ (Biblical Hebrew) [to be white, compare Arab.ḥafaš decorticare, compare חֲפַר 2,] to be free (compare חוֹר 2). 5. next wordPi'el פִּעֵל חִיפֵּשׁto deliver. Pesikta Rabbati section 8 (referring to אֲחַפֵּשׂ, Zephaniah, Book of 1, 12) לא תהא קורא סמי"ך אלא שי"ן אֲחַפֵּשׁ וכ׳ read not the word with Samme but with Shin, ‘I shall deliver etc.’; Yalkut Shimoni Zephaniah, Book of 567. Pu. פֻּעַל חוּפָּשׁto be set free. Kerith. 11ᵃ (referring to Leviticus 19, 20) מכלל דהוא ח׳ this implies that he (her betrothed) has been liberated, is a freedman. ↗ original
חָפְשִׁיthe preceding) fem. freedom. Pesikta Rabbati section 8 (referring to Zephaniah, Book of 1, 12) מוציא אני אותה לח׳ I shall lead her out to liberty (see the preceding); and frequently— masc. free, exempt. Niddah 61ᵇ, and elsewhere (referring to Psalms 88, 6) כיון … נעשה ח׳ וכ׳ when one is dead, one is free from religious duties. Tanchuma Emor 2 (referring to ויתחפש, I Samuel 28, 8) נעשה ה׳ מן המלכות divested himself of the (insignia of) government; Vayikra Rabbah section 26 (not למלכות); Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 24, see פָּגָנִיקָא; and frequently ↗ original
חֵפֶת (חפף 1, see חִיפָּא) border of a garment (limbus), a kind of front bosom in which things can be hidden. Shabbath 10, 3 (92ᵃ) ובח׳ חלוקו Munich manuscript (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note, edition ובשפת) in the bosom of his shirt. Yoma 77ᵇ ובלבד … מח׳ חלוקו Munich manuscript (edition מתחת ח׳) provided he takes not his hand out of the bosom of his shirt (to throw his cloak over his shoulder). Shabbath 96ᵇ, see חִיפָּא.—Denom. ↗ original
חָפַתto provide with a bosom or border. participle passive חָפוּת. Shekalim 3, 2 אין התורם … בפרגוד ח׳ he who takes the money out of the Temple cell must not enter with a bordered cloak (in order not to create suspicion; Munich manuscript האפות, Mishnah, editio Pesaro הֶחָפוּת, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)).—plural חֲפוּתִין. Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 21 נמצאו ח׳ וכ׳ the garments were found (to fit David) forming a bosom, not dragging along etc.; (Vayikra Rabbah section 26, and elsewhere עשויין לו as if made for him). Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיפֵּתto fold the bosom. Tosefta Berachoth 7, 18 לחַפּוֹת לו חלוק והוא לא הי׳ וכ׳ edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading הפך) to form the bosom of his shirt, while he never had etc. ↗ original
חֵפְתָא Bereshith Rabbah section 75 יהיבתיה בחֵפְתִי (בחי׳) I put him in my pocket, i.e. I outwitted him.—Denom. חֲפַת, participle passive plural חֲפִיתִיןbosomed. the same place (ibid.) section 100; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵇ top (מאנין) חיורין ח׳ white, bosomed garments; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵃ top חפותין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 83ᶜ top (explained סנטיריה) מאנין רלא ח׳ garments without bosoms; (Bereshith Rabbah section 100 דלא בזיעין, see סַנְטֵרָא). Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֲפַתto put in the bosom, i.e. to outwit. Bereshith Rabbah section 80 סברון למַחֲפַת ואִתְחַפְּתוּן they intended to outwit (Jacob), and they were outwitted. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַפֵּתto be outwitted, see above. ↗ original
חֵץwedge, arrow. Mikvaoth 10, 8 חץ שהוא תחוב באדם an arrow sticking in a person’s body; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 7 (8), 9. Arachin 15ᵇ חץ עד מ"ה אמה the range of an arrow is forty five cubits. the same place (ibid.) אין חץ אלא לשון arrow means (an evil) tongue (referring to Jeremiah 9, 7); and frequently [Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2., beginning 26ᵃ שחיצה, read: שחֶצְיָהּ]—plural חִצִּים, חִצִּין, חִי׳. Echah Rabbah to 3, 12 (explained כמטרה לחץ the same place (ibid.)) כקורת ח׳ וכ׳ like the post for arrows (for military practice) at which all shoot etc.—Tanchuma Nitsab. 1 (referring to Deuteronomy 32, 23) חִצַּי כלין וכ׳ my arrows will be spent, but they (Israel) shall not cease; the same place (ibid.) חִצָּיו כלין וכ׳ his arrows will be spent, but the post will remain; Sotah 9ᵃ. Bava Kamma 22ᵃ אשו משום חִצָּיו he is responsible for his fire, because it is his arrows (i.e. his action), opposite משום ממונו because it is his property which caused the damage. the same place (ibid.) חציו דכלב it is the action of (his) dog; חציו דגמל of his camel; and frequently shaft.—plural as ab. Sukkah 12ᵇ; 15ᵃ ה׳ זכרים plain shafts, opposite נקבות shafts with a hole into which the arrow-head is sat. ↗ original
חָצַבto cut, chisel, hew, shape. Tosefta Yoma 1, 6 כשהוא חוֹצֵב engaged in stone-breaking; Sifra Emor Chaldaic (Aramaic) 1, Parah 2; Tanchuma Emor 4 ח׳ אבנים; Vayikra Rabbah section 26 ח׳ באבנים. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 1, 80ᵈ לא יַחְצוֹב one must not cut stones etc. Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 854 אתה חֲצוֹב וכ׳ chisel thou the tablets etc.; and frequently—participle passive חָצוּב, feminine חֲצוּבָה; plural חֲצוּבִים, חֲצוּבוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan the passage cited Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 49ᵈ bottom of the page; and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְצַבto be hewn, chiselled. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 3, 40ᶜ bottom of the page בקודש יֵחָצֵבוּ on sacred ground they must be chiselled.—Transferred (compare גזר) to be decided, decreed. Vayikra Rabbah section 5 (referring to Isaiah 22, 16) ממרום נ׳ עליו from on high it has been decreed over him; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 291 נֶחְצְבָה עליו גזירה. ↗ original
חֲצַבsame.; interch. with חֲצַד which see—participle passive חֲצִיב, see חֲצִיבָא.— (used of the Cistus) to cut through the ground, to grow. Pesachim 111ᵇ, see חֲצוּבָא 2.—[Vayikra Rabbah section 25 ח׳ חצובן, see חֲצַד I.] Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְחֲצַבto be hewn. Targum Isaiah 51, 1. ↗ original
חַצָּב (the preceding words) stone-cutter in the quarry. Bava Metzia 118ᵇ הח׳ … לסתת after the stone-cutter has surrendered (the stone) to the polisher; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 10, 12ᶜ bottom of the page החוֹצֵב לגַמָּל.—plural חוֹצְבִין. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shekalim 6, 48ᵃ top of the page ↗ original
חָצָב (the preceding words) stone pitcher, earthen jug.—plural חֲצָבִים, חֲצָבִין. Menachoth 8, 7. Kelim 2, 2; Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 2, 2. ↗ original
חֲצָב 1 a species or variety of dates (see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881, p. 109, and the following). Avodah Zarah 1, 5 (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition חצר, with ר). the same place (ibid.) 14ᵇ, explained קשבא. Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 39ᵈ bottom of the page חצד, see חֲצָדָא 2. [Maimonides: sugar cane, see Löw the passage cited] ↗ original
חֲצָב 2 (חצב) [cutter,] a shrubby plant, with deep and straight roots, used for hedges to mark boundaries, probably cistus. Bava Bathra 55ᵃ המצר והח׳ וכ׳ a landmark (stone etc.) and the ḥazab form a legal boundary etc. the same place (ibid.) 56ᵃ, see חֲצוּבָא I. Tosefta Shabbath 14 (15), 8; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 18, 16ᶜ bot; Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 128ᵃ מטלטלין את הח׳ וכ׳ you may (on the Sabbath) handle the (cut) ḥ., because it is food for gazelles. Kilayim 1, 8 חצוב (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חצב).—plural, see חֲצוּבָה I. ↗ original
חַצְבָּא Sukkah 29ᵃ. Berachoth 22ᵃ bottom of the page תקן ח׳ בת וכ׳ (Munich manuscript חוצבא) ordained that a pitcher containing nine kab must be used for purification. the same place (ibid.) אתבר חַצְבֵּיה וכ׳ R. N.’s pitcher is broken (the rule he laid down is rejected). Betzah 30ᵃ; and frequently—plural חַצְבִּין, חַצְבֵּי. Targum 2 Esther 3, 8 מלקטין פישרי טבת ויתיבין בחַצְבֵּי תמוז they collect the thawing snows of the winter and put them in summer pitchers (coolers).—Betzah the passage cited מליין חַצְבַּיְיהוּ וכ׳ filled their pitchers with water. Berachoth 28ᵃ ח׳ חוורין וכ׳ white pitchers full of ashes (unworthy students). the same place (ibid.) 58ᵃ, see יֵא I. ↗ original
חֲצַד 1 (compare חצב) to cut, mow (corresp. to Hebrew קָצַר). Targum Deuteronomy 24, 19; and frequently—Moed Katan 9ᵇ דתזרע ולא תִחְצַד that you may sow but not cut (that your children may not die in your life time). Taanith 10ᵃ עתירה בבל דחַצְדָּא וכ׳ (Munich manuscript עתידה … דחצרא) Babylonia is rich because she harvests without rain (independent of rain-fall on account of her canalization). Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 20; Vayikra Rabbah section 25 קאים וחָצֵיד חצובין וכ׳ (וחָצֵיב, also וחצד, והצב) cutting down cistus shrubs to plant shoots of fig-trees; and frequently [Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 3, 23ᵇ bottom of the page מיחצד, מחצדן, see חֲצֵי.] ↗ original
חֲצָדָא (the preceding) crop, harvest-time. Targum Genesis 8, 22.—Targum Leviticus 19, 9; and frequently—Moed Katan 12ᵇ חצדו ליה ח׳ וכ׳ had his crop cut etc. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ דחיטי הוה it was the wheat crop; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲצָדָא ² masculine = Hebrew חֲצָד or חֲצָב I. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᵈ bottom of the page (referring to חצד, Mishnah) מין הוא ושמו ח׳ it is a species (of dates) named Ḥ. ↗ original
חַצְדָּדḤatsdad, in Babylonia. Yoma 77ᵇ אמברא דח׳ at the ford of Ḥ. [variant reading הצדד, בי ה׳, חצידר, הצדר, הינדר, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8.] ↗ original
חֲצוּבָא 2 Bava Bathra 56ᵃ ח׳ שבו תיחם וכ׳ (Oxford manuscript חצב, Rashi חצובה) it is the ḥ. which Joshua introduced as landmarks. Betzah 25ᵇ ח׳ מקטע וכ׳ (some edition חצובה) the ḥ. cuts the feet of (convicts) the wicked (who remove the boundary lines).—Pesachim 111ᵇ בטולא דחצבא דלא חצב גרמידא (Rashi: דחצובא) in the shade of a ḥ that has not cut through (grown) to an arm’s length (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note); Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 945. ↗ original
חֲצוּבָה 1 , see חֲצָב 2, a. the preceding—plural חֲצוּבוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 2, beginning 16ᵈ ח׳ מפסיקין לפיאה cistus shrubs (between two fields) form a boundary line with regard to the poor man’s corner. Bereshith Rabbah section 31, end. ↗ original
חֲצוּבָה 2 (see חָצָב) a stand for a pitcher, tripod.—כח׳ in the shape of a tripod, triangulary arranged. Bava Metzia 25ᵃ כח׳ מהו (Manuscript Hamburg כחוצבא) if coins are found lying in a triangle; (Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 2, 8ᵇ, and the following מצובה, explained קרפיפא). Bava Bathra 83ᵇ (also כחצובא) planted in a triangle. Eruvin 85ᵇ דקיימי כח׳ (Munich manuscript דעבידת כי חציבא, read: חצובא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) the three ruins between two buildings stand in a triangle (so as to make only the central ruin equally near to both dwellings). ↗ original
חָצוֹדָא (חצד) mower, harvester. Targum Amos 9, 13. Targum Jeremiah 9, 21 edition Lagarde edition חצו׳ (other edition חַצָּדָא).—plural חֲצוֹדַיָּא. Targum Ruth 2, 3, and the following ↗ original
חֲצוֹצֶרֶת ; = חצרצר׳, redupl. of חצר) [closed all around,] trumpet. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 17, beginning 16ᵃ ח׳ תוקע וכ׳ as to the trumpet, he blows for the third time (announcing the Sabbath) and deposits it in the place designated for it (on the roof, see Babylonian Shabbath 35ᵇ bottom of the page).—plural חֲצוֹצְרוֹת. Rosh Hashanah 3, 4 שתי ח׳; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲצוֹצַרְתָּא Targum Hosea 5, 8 (edition Lagarde edition חֲצֹצַ׳).—Shabbath 36ᵃ; Sukkah 34ᵃ ח׳ שופרא וכ׳ what (before the destruction of the Temple) was called Shofar is now called ḥătsotsereth etc.—plural חֲצוֹצְרָן, חֲצוֹצְרָתָא. Targum Numbers 10, 2; 8; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָצוּתhalf, (supply (understood word) הלילה) midnight. Berachoth 1, 1; and frequently ↗ original
חצי see חָצַץ) to split, divide. Bava Bathra 3ᵃ שרצו לַחֲצוֹת, see מְחִיצָה. to pick one’s teeth. Tosefta Betzah 3, 18, see חָצַץ I. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱצָהto order a division, to assign half, divide. Bava Kamma 34ᵃ פחת שפחתתו מיתה מַחֲצִין בחי Munich manuscript a. Rashi (edition שפחתו) half of the loss of value which death has caused, is collected from the living animal; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, end, 2ᶜ מחצין את הנזק the loss is divided. ↗ original
חֲצֵי , to pick out (of birds, see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1349); to pick one’s teeth. Targum Proverbs 30, 17.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Challah 4, end, 60ᵇ מִיחֲצִי שיניי (not ניח׳) to pick my teeth with; Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 3, 23ᵇ bottom of the page מיחצד, מחצדן (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חֵצִיthe preceding words) half. Bava Kamma 4, 9 חֲ׳ נזק half the damage. Gittin 4, 5 מי שחֶצְיוֹ עבד וכ׳ he who is half a slave and half a freedman (having been emancipated by one of the partners); and very frequently—plural חֲצָיִים, חֲצָיִין, חֲצָאִים, חֲצָאִין. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Chaldaic (Aramaic) 10, Parah 9 לא יביאנה ח׳ he must not offer it in parts. Nedarim 83ᵃ אין נזירות לח׳ there is no nazaritism by halves, i.e. one cannot vow to be a nazarite by partial abstinence; ואין קרבן לח׳ nor is there a sacrifice for partial nazaritism. Yerushalmi (prefix) Horayoth 1, 46ᵇ top אין הפסח לה׳ the Passover offering does not take place in divisions (of clean and unclean parties). Kerith. 5ᵃ מפטם לח׳ taking only a part of each ingredient; Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᵈ bottom of the page פיטמה ח׳; and frequently ↗ original
חֲצִיבָא (חֲצַב) a hewn stone, block. Targum Isaiah 51, 1.—plural חֲצִיבִיןchiselled stones. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 20, 22. ↗ original
חֲצִיבָה (חָצַב) chiseling. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 2, 40ᶜ bottom of the page חֲצִיבָתָן בקדש their chiseling must take place in holiness.—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 2, beginning 16ᵈ חציבות, some edition, see חֲצוּבָה I.] ↗ original
חֲצִינָא (חצי) carpenter’s adze, also pick-axe or spade (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Dolabra). Targum Isaiah 44, 12 (Hebrew text מעצד); and elsewhere—Shabbath 123ᵇ ח׳ דנגרי carpenters’ adze. Bava Bathra 73ᵇ נפל ליה ח׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חציצא) a carpenter lost his adze there. Eruvin 77ᵇ, see מָרָא 2; and elsewhere—plural חֲצִינֵי. Bava Kamma 119ᵇ באתרא … תרי ח׳ וכ׳ in the place of our Tanna (in the Mishnah) there are two ḥătsiné a large one called כשיל (axe), and a small one called מעצד (adze). Yoma 37ᵇ; Betzah 33ᵇ, see נַרְגָּא. ↗ original
חָצִיף (חֲצַף, supply (understood word) אַפִּין) bare-faced, impudent, impertinent. Targum Psalms 17, 4. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 8, 1 חֲצִיף אפין (construct state); and elsewhere—Berachoth 34ᵇ; Sotah 7ᵇ ח׳ עלי מאן וכ׳ I consider him impertinent who etc. Kiddushin 33ᵃ כמה ח׳ האי גברא how irreverently behaves this man; and elsewhere—Fem.חֲצִיפָא, חֲצִיפְתָּא. Moed Katan 16ᵇ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᵈ top of the page—plural masculine חֲצִיפִין, construct state חֲצִיפֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 28, 37; and elsewhere undaunted, persevering, strong. Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 989, see נָטוֹרָא. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shub., p. 161ᵃ ח׳ נצח לבישא וכ׳ the persevering (in prayer) conquers even the bad man, so much the more the Good One of the world; Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 2, 65ᵇ חֲצִיפָח … לכשירא (correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Jonah 550. ↗ original
חֲצִיצָה (חָצַץ 1) interposition, an intervening object. Bava Kamma 82ᵃ bottom of the page משום ח׳ to prevent an interposition (to remove anything sticking to the body or in the hair before bathing). Zevachim 19ᵃ ותיפוק ליה משום ח׳ ought it not to be forbidden as an unlawful interposition between the priest’s hand and the object he has to handle?; and frequently—plural חֲצִיצִיןthe laws concerning interpositions. Eruvin 4ᵃ; Sukkah 5ᵇ ↗ original
חָצַף (compare חָסַף a. Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1353 חצפא = Chaldaic (Aramaic) חספא) to peel off, bare; participle passive חָצוּף (supply (understood word) אפיים); feminine חֲצוּפָהbarefaced, impudent, arrogant. Sanhedrin 3ᵃ ב"ד ח׳ an arrogant court (two sitting in judgment instead of three). Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, 66ᵈ top אחת ח׳ ואחת כשירה one was unabashed, the other chaste. Nedarim 20ᵇ; and elsewhere undaunted, energetic, strong. Tanchuma Vayera 23 הנפש ח׳ היא the instinct of life is strong. Shemoth Rabbah section 42 ג׳ חֲצוּפִים הם ח׳ בחיה וכ׳ (Betzah 25ᵇ עז) three (creatures) are persevering (undaunted by failure or opposition), among beasts it is the dog etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵇ מה חציפה וכ׳ (read: חצו׳) how irrepressible is the Land of Israel that it still is productive (after all devastations).—plural חֲצוּפִים, feminine חֲצוּפוֹת. Shemoth Rabbah the passage cited, see above.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 5, 8ᵈ bottom of the page שעות הח׳ וכ׳ those irresistible, hard and evil times. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱצִיףto bare (one’s face), to act irreverently. Koheleth Rabbah to 9, 18 כל המַחֲצִיף פניו וכ׳ whoever speaks irreverently of etc. the same place (ibid.) 3, 9 מַחֲצִיפִין אתם you embolden yourselves. ↗ original
חֲצַף participle passive חָצִיף which see Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְצֵיף as the precedingHif'il Targum Proverbs 7, 13. the same place (ibid.) 21, 29. Targum Ezekiel 13, 6 מַחְצְפִין וכ׳ (variant reading מְחַצְּפִין) they boldly insist upon it etc. [Daniel 2, 15; 3, 22 participle passive insisted upon, urgent.] ↗ original
חָצַץ 1 see חוּץ) to drive a wedge in (see Proverbs 30, 27).—Denom. חֵץ. to pick one’s teeth. Betzah 4, 6 לַחֲצוֹץ וכ׳; (Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 18 לחצות, see חָצָה). to interpose, see חוּץ I. Zevachim 19ᵃ מהו שיָחוֹצּוּ (or שיָחוּצוּ). the same place (ibid.) אפי׳ נימא אחת חוֹצֶצֶת even one thread forms an unlawful interposition. the same place (ibid.) חוֹצְצוֹת; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיצֵּץto pick one’s teeth. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 8, end, 11ᶜ; Chullin 16ᵇ אין מְחַצְּצִין וכ׳ one must not use it for etc. ↗ original
חָצַץ 2 (Biblical Hebrew) to cut off, divide; to line a wall so as to leave a space (חָצָץ) between the two partitions. Oholoth 15, 4 בית שחֲצָצוֹ וכ׳ a room which one partitioned off with boards or tapestry on the sides (walls) or on the ceiling. the same place (ibid.) 5 ח׳ מארצו if he partitioned it off from the floor (laying an additional floor with a vacuum between); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 15, 4. ↗ original
חָצָץ (the preceding) space between two partitions, vacuum. Oholoth 15, 4; 5; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 15, 4. [In Biblical Hebrew חָצָץ (see חָצַץ I) wedge-like objects, gravel, sand.] ↗ original
חֲצַץ , Pa'elחַצֵּץ (denominative of חֵץ, see חָצַץ) to sharpen, or to shoot an arrow. Targum Judges 5, 8. מְחַצְצֵי גיריא (missing in edition Lagarde edition) ↗ original
חֲצָצָא (= Biblical Hebrew חָצָץ, see חָצָץ, end) gravel, sand. Targum Proverbs 20, 17 (manuscript חֲצִיצָא).—plural חֲצָצֵי. Echah Rabbah introduction (R. Joh. 1) סגיתון בטורי בח׳ וכ׳ you have to walk over rocks and gravel without shoes etc. ↗ original
חַצְצַר (denominative of חצוצר) to blow the trumpet. Targum I Chronicles 15, 24 מְחַצְצְרִין. Targum 2 Chronicles 13, 14 מְחַצְּרִין.—5. מְחַצְּרָא. ↗ original
חֲצַצְתָּא (see חָצַץ 2, a. חצי; compare בָּצַע) arbitration, דייני דח׳ untrained judges who arbitrate from ignorance of the law. Bava Bathra 133ᵇ, see מְגִיזְתָּא 2. [R. Ḥăn.: ח׳ cemetery, from חוּץ 2 = חוּץ לעיר.] ↗ original
*חֲצַר (dial. for חֲצַד) to cut, harvest. Taanith 10ᵃ עתידה בבל דחַצְרָא וכ׳ Munich manuscript (see חֲצַד) Babylonia shall in the future harvest without rain (on account of the canalization introduced). Cmp. חָצִיר.—[מְחַצְּרִין, see חַצְצַר.] ↗ original
חָצֵר common gender (Biblical Hebrew; words; compare גָּזַר a. גִּזְרָה etc.) court, yard, in gen. private property. Bava Metzia 11ᵃ חֲצֵרוֹ של אדם וכ׳ the ground belonging to a person takes possession for him (of what is found there) even without his knowledge. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ המשתמרת a well-guarded ground (fenced-in). Bava Kamma 12ᵃ; Gittin 21ᵃ, and elsewhere ח׳ מהלכת a moving ground, e.g. the back of a slave. Eruvin 6, 1 הדר עם … בח׳ if one dwells in the same court yard with a gentile. the same place (ibid.) 3 אנשי ח׳ the residents of dwellings in one court yard; and very frequently—ח׳ הצירית Tyrian yard (with a lodge at the entrance). Maasroth 3, 5; Niddah 47ᵇ.—חֲצַר הקבר the excavated ground to which all the caves of a cemetery open. Oholoth 15, 8; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 15, 7.—חֲ׳ הכירה the rim of the cooking range. Kelim 7, 3; Tosefta Kelim Bava Kamma 5, 5.—חֲ׳ הכבד (= Biblical Hebrew יֹתֶרֶת) lobe of the liver. Yoma 8, 6; and elsewhere—חֲ׳ מות cemetery, see above. Berachoth 18ᵇ.—plural חֲצֵרוֹת, חֲצֵי׳. Eruvin 4, 6. the same place (ibid.) 6, 8; and frequently ↗ original
חַצְרָא , construct state חֲצַר Chaldaic (Aramaic) same.—ח׳ דעל כבדא, ח׳ כבדא = Hebrew חֲצַר הכבד, see the preceding Targum Exodus 29, 13; and elsewhere (Hebrew text יתרת). Targum 2 Chronicles 18, 33. ↗ original
חֲקוּלָא 1 = חַקְלָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 4, 24ᵃ top מן דבר ח׳ וכ׳ when the manager of the estate came out to him. ↗ original
חֲקוּלָא 2Ḥăkula, Ḥăkulai. Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 1, 16ᶜ bottom of the page; and elsewhere Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 3, 45ᵃ top אי … the same place (ibid.) 8, 49ᶜ bottom of the page חֲקוּלָה. ↗ original
חקי , Pi. חִיקָּה (Biblical Hebrew; denominative of חֹק) to draw circles, to survey. Bereshith Rabbah section 39, end (referring to Genesis 12, 9) מְהַקֶּה והולך וכ׳ surveying as he went along, with the direction towards the Temple. to imitate a person’s customs, to follow a person’s footsteps. Sifra K’dosh. beginning (referring to Leviticus 19, 2) פמליא של מלך מה עליה להיות מְחַקָּה למלך Rab. (edition פ׳ למלך ומה וכ׳) what is the duty of the King’s retinue?—To follow in the wake of the King; (Yalkut Shimoni Leviticus 604 מְחַכָּה). Chullin 2, 9 שלא יְחַקֶּה וכ׳ that he may not appear to imitate the customs of the heretics. ↗ original
חֲקִיקָה (חָקַק) digging out, engraving. Gittin 20ᵃ ח׳ לאו כתיבה היא engraving is not writing (for legal purposes). ↗ original
חֲקִירָה (חָקַר) search, speculation, study. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 7, 31ᶜ bottom of the page, and elsewhere נדר … חֲקִירַת חכם a vow which requires the study of a scholar (to find out means of absolving).—Esp. examination of witnesses, cross-examination. Rosh Hashanah 25ᵇ חקירת העדים the hearing of witnesses (testifying to having seen the first appearance of the new crescent). Sanhedrin 4, 1 בדרישה וח׳ require investigation and examination of witnesses; and frequently—plural חֲקִירוֹתcross-examination referring to date, time and place, contradistinguished to בדיקות referring to accompanying circumstances. the same place (ibid.) 5, 1 היו … בשבע ח׳ (in capital cases) they examined by means of seven questions, what year-week, what year, month, day, hour and place. the same place (ibid.) 2 מה בין ח׳ לבדיקות what is the difference in point of law between etc.? the same place (ibid.) 40ᵇ שמונה ח׳ eight questions; and frequently ↗ original
חֲקַל (חקל, compare חקר) [marked out,] field. Targum Genesis 2, 5. Targum Onkelos Numbers 20, 17; and frequently—Bereshith Rabbah section 74, see אִיזְגָּרָא; and frequently—plural חַקְלִין, חַקְלַיָּא. Targum Jeremiah 32, 15. Targum Joel 1, 10; and frequently ↗ original
חֲקַל ² (the preceding) estate, farm. Targum Isaiah 5, 8.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 2, 20ᵇ bottom of the page; Ruth Rabbah to 2, 9; Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 20 (translat. of (א)פס דמים, I Samuel 17, 1, I Chronicles 11, 13) חקל סומקתא Red Field.—plural חַקְלָן, חַקְלָתָא. Targum Jeremiah 4, 17. Targum Onkelos Exodus 8, 9.—חֲקַלְוָון, חֲקַלְוָותָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 10, end, 34ᵃ. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach p. 93ᵃ ↗ original
חַקְלָאָה (the preceding) field-laborer, peasant; in a transferred sense boor, ignorant man. Megillah 7ᵇ, see דִּיקוּלָא. Kethuboth 79ᵃ חזי מר נחמן ח׳ see, sir, how this ignoramus Naḥman etc.—plural חַקְלָאֵי. Berachoth 37ᵇ.—Mixed plural חַקְלָיָיתָאpeasantry. Shabbath 12ᵃ אבל דח׳ וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition דבני חַקְלָיָתָא) but the garments of the peasantry are easily distinguishable (as to men’s or women’s). ↗ original
חָקַקto draw a circle, to limit; (denominative of חֹק) to legislate. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵇ top, and elsewhere שחָקַקְתִּי, see חוֹק. Bamidbar Rabbah section 19, beginning, see חוּקָּה; and frequently to hollow out, to shape a receptacle. Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 1, 60ᵇ bottom of the page קערה שחֲקָקָהּ קוף a dish which an ape has hollowed out.—participle passive חָקוּק, feminine חֲקוּקָה. Tosefta Bava Bathra 3, 1; Bava Bathra 65ᵇ, and elsewhere מכתשת הח׳ the mortar which has been hollowed out (of stone etc.), opposite הקבועה stationary in the ground. to engrave, write with the stilus. Tanchuma Ki Thissa 14, see הָרַט. Gittin 20ᵃ וכתב ולא וח׳ ‘he writes’ (Deuteronomy 24, 1) but not ‘he engraves’ (on tablets etc.). the same place (ibid.) חָק תוכות he chisels out the surroundings (making the letters come out in relief); חק יריכות he digs the sides, i.e. he engraves the letters. Bereshith Rabbah section 68; section 78 שאיקונין שלך חֲקוּקָה וכ׳ whose picture is engraven above (in the heavenly throne). Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, beginning 41ᵇ חֲקוּקִים היו the inscriptions were engraven (not written with ink). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 6, 40ᵃ top מפני צלמי … שחקוקים וכ׳ on account of the Chaldean images which were engraven on the walls (Ezekiel 23, 14); and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְקַקto be hollowed out. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 2, 20ᵃ top אם תֵּיחָקֵק if the block be hollowed out. Sotah 36ᵇ שיֵחָקֵק על וכ׳ (not שיחקוק) to have his name engraven on the jewels etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲקַק Vayikra Rabbah section 6 נטל … וחַקְקֵיה he took a reed and hollowed it out. Chullin 25ᵃ; Shabbath 103ᵃ חַק קפיזא וכ׳ he hollowed out etc., see חֲטַט I.—participle passive חָקִיק, חֲקִיקengraven, marked. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 28, 11 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חקיין). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 19, 28 (Hebrew text קעקע). Targum Song of Songs 2, 9; and frequently Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַקֵּקto be engraven, to engrave itself. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 20, 2; 3. ↗ original
חָקַר (Biblical Hebrew) to go around, to espy, to examine; especially to cross-examine, see חֲקִירָה. Avoth 1, 9 הוי מרבה לַחְקוֹר וכ׳ cross-examine witnesses as much as possible. Sanhedrin 40ᵇ מדהוי ליה … חָקוֹר תַּחְקוֹר the text might have read (for emphasis) thou shalt diligently inquire, or thou shalt diligently investigate (instead of the unusual phrase ודרשת היטב, Deuteronomy 17, 4); and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְקַרto be investigated, examined. Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 16 הלב נ׳ the heart is examined (by the Lord). Rosh Hashanah 3, 1 נֶחְקְרוּ העדים when the evidence was closed. Tosefta Sanhedrin 6, 4 עד שתֵּחָקֵר עדותן וכ׳ until their examination in court has been closed; נֶחְקְרָה עדותן וכ׳ after it has been closed, they cannot retract. the same place (ibid.) 5; and frequently ↗ original
חֲקַר Targum 2 Samuel 10, 3. Targum Psalms 139, 23; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲרָא (= אחרא, see חוֹרִי), יומא ח׳next day, see יוֹמָחְרָא. Targum 2 Chronicles 20, 16 (edition Lagarde edition אחרא).—Bava Metzia 17ᵃ למחר וליומא ח׳ (Manuscript Hamburg a. other אוחרא, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 30) to-morrow or the day after. ↗ original
חָרִב 1 (Biblical Hebrew) to be burned, dried up, ruined, waste. Sanhedrin 22ᵃ כאלו ח׳ בה"מ וכ׳ as if the Temple had been destroyed in his days. Tosefta Menachoth 13, 22 מפני מה חָרְבָה וכ׳ why was Shiloh destroyed?; Yoma 9ᵃ. Kilayim 4, 1 (explained קרחת הכרם) כרם שח׳ באמצעו a vineyard the central part of which is laid waste. the same place (ibid.) 5, 1; and frequently [Bamidbar Rabbah section 7, end בבל ח׳ מקדש, read: החריב. Taanith 29ᵃ כשח׳ טורנוס, read: כשחרש, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)] Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחֱרַבto be destroyed. Eruvin 18ᵇ. Yoma 39ᵇ שסופך עתיד לֵיחָרֵב that it is thy final destiny to be destroyed; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחָרֵב,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחָרֵבsame. Pesikta Rabbati section 31 שיִתְחָרֵב. [Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 33, see חָרַךְ.] Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱרִיבto destroy, lay waste. Tosefta Moed Katan 1, 5 מַחֲרִיבִין חורי וכ׳ you may destroy ant-stores (during the festive week). Bamidbar Rabbah section 7, end שהֶחֱרִיבוּ בה"מ for they (the Romans) destroyed the Temple; and frequently *. הָחֳרָבto be destroyed. Pesachim 42ᵇ (referring to Ezekiel 26, 2) אי מלאה זו הָחְרְבָה זו Munich manuscript (edition חרבה, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 9) when the one (Jerusalem) is populated, the other (Caesarea) is laid waste; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 110 חֲרֵיבָה. ↗ original
חֲרֵב Targum Ezekiel 26, 2. Targum Hosea 13, 15. Targum Isaiah 19, 5; and frequently—Nazir 32ᵇ דח׳ בה"מ that the Temple has been destroyed. the same place (ibid.) דיִחְרוֹב that it will be destroyed. Gittin 56ᵃ דלא לִיחֲרוֹב וכ׳ that Jerusalem may not be destroyed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 2, 5ᵃ top דברגליה חריב with whose arrival it was destroyed; and frequently Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְרִיב, אַחְרוֹבto destroy, lay waste. Targum Isaiah 42, 15. Targum Judges 16, 24; and frequently—Yoma 69ᵇ דאַחְרְבֵיה וכ׳ who destroyed the Temple. Taanith 29ᵃ top לאַחְרוּבֵי Munich manuscript a. Rashi (edition לַחְרוּבֵי); Gittin 56ᵃ לַחְרוּבֵי; and frequently Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיחֲרוּב, אִיחֲרִיבto be destroyed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth the passage cited ↗ original
חָרֵב 2the preceding words) ruined. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 4, 8ᵃ. Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 110, p. חָרֵב I; and frequently—plural חֲרֵבִים, חֲרֵי׳; feminine חֲרֵבוֹת, חֲרֵי׳. Shemoth Rabbah section 31 (referring to Numbers 24, 5) ומַשְׁכנותיך כשהם ח׳ thy pledges, when they are in ruins, see מַשְׁכּוֹן; and frequently dry. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 3, beginning 18ᶜ ח׳ של חטין the dry (oil-less) offering of wheat, opposite בלול. Kiddushin 62ᵃ top; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֶרֶבsword. Chullin 3ᵃ, see חָלָל I. Bava Bathra 8ᵇ ח׳ קשה וכ׳ death in war is a greater affliction than natural death. Sanhedrin 116ᵃ מהם הרגו בח׳ some of them they put to death by the sword. Tanchuma Balak 8; Bamidbar Rabbah section 20 אא"כ שלף חַרְבּוֹ without drawing his sword. the same place (ibid.) בח׳ חייהם live on their sword. Taanith 3, 5 על הח׳ on the sword, i.e. when armies are passing the country. the same place (ibid.) 22ᵃ ח׳ של שלום a friendly army passing; and frequently the sword-shaped handle of a plough. Kelim 21, 2. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 1, 7.—plural חֲרָבוֹת. Pesikta Rabbati section 21 ח׳ מכאן וכ׳ (soldiers with) swords here etc.; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָרֶבsame. Targum Genesis 34, 26. the same place (ibid.) 3, 24; and frequently—Shabbath 123ᵇ, see אוּשְׁכָּפָא; (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) scraping knife). ↗ original
חַרְבָּה (see חֶרֶב) knife. Shevi'ith 8, 6 קוצץ אותם בח׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) בחורבה, Rabbenu Shimshon בחרבא) you may cut them with a knife, opposite to מוקצה the tool especially intended for cutting figs. ↗ original
חַרְבוֹנָא (Biblical Hebrew) Harbona, one of King Ahasver’s eunuchs. Bereshith Rabbah section 49; Treatise Sof’rim 14, 6 (צ"ל) גם ח׳ זכור לטוב one must say, Ḥ., too, be remembered etc. Megillah 16ᵃ; and elsewhere ↗ original
חִרְגָּא (see the preceding) [saw-dust,] sun-motes (compare נָסַר). Yoma 20ᵇ האי ח׳ דיומא לא וכ׳ those sun-motes are called la (Daniel 4, 32). ↗ original
חַרְגּוֹל name of an edible locust. Shabbath 6, 10 (67ᵃ) ביצת הח׳ the egg of a ḥargol (carried in the ear for ear-ache). ↗ original
חַרְגּוֹלָא Targum Onkelos Leviticus 11, 22 (edition Berlin edition חַרְגְּלָא). ↗ original
חַרְגִּינִּין (compound or composed of חר a. גִּינָּה, see חַרְחֲבִינָה) garden-ivy, the leaves of which may be used for bitter herbs on the Passover night. Pesachim 39ᵃ edition (Munich manuscript 1 הוגנין read with Munich manuscript 2: הַרְגִּנִּין). ↗ original
חָרֵד (Biblical Hebrew) to be excited, to tremble. Bereshith Rabbah section 67 (referring to מאד, Genesis 27, 33) מחרדה שח׳ וכ׳ more than the trembling which he felt on the altar; (Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 115 שהֶחֱרִיד). Tanchuma Tol’d 13 שתי חרדות ח׳ וכ׳ twice did Isaac tremble. Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited חָרֵיד is he frightened?; Yalkut Shimoni the passage cited חָרֵד; and elsewhere Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱרִידsame, see above.—2) to frighten. Bereshith Rabbah the passage cited חרדה שה׳ יעקב וכ׳ the fright which Jacob caused to Isaac; Tanchuma the passage cited; Ruth Rabbah to 3, 8. the same place (ibid.) חרדה שהֶחֱרִידָה וכ׳ the alarm which Ruth caused etc. the same place (ibid.) שהן מַחְרִידוֹת וכ׳ they (the fowl) excite the man (who tries to catch them); and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲרָדָהpreceding article) excitement, anxiety, fear, reverence. Bereshith Rabbah section 67; Ruth Rabbah to 3, 8, and elsewhere, see חָרֵד. Niddah 4, 7, and elsewhere ח׳ מסלקת וכ׳ excitement prevents the regular menstruation. Berachoth 30ᵇ (referring to Psalms 29, 2) א"ת בהדרת קדש אלא בחֶרְדַּת קדש Munich manuscript read not ‘in the glory’ of the sanctuary, but in reverence of etc.; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 78; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 5, 8ᵈ bottom of the page—[Tanchuma K’dosh. 9 כחרדת דם, see חֲרָרָה.]—plural חֲרָדוֹת. Tanchuma Tol’d. 13, see חָרַד. ↗ original
חַרְדּוֹנָא Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 11, 29 edition pr. (edition הדרונא, Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חדרונא; Hebrew text צב; see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Targum Dictionary 1, 4252). Targum I Chronicles 11, 22 edition Lagarde edition a. other (edition Beck חרדנא, edition Vilna edition חדרונא).—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 1, 3ᵈ top דלא יעביד כהדין חַרְדּוֹנָה he must not (in bowing at prayers) bend like the ḥardon (with head erect). ↗ original
חַרְדָּל (חד, with ר inserted; compare גַּד I) mustard. Kilayim 1, 2 ח׳ וח׳ המצרי common mustard and Egyptian mustard. Berachoth 40ᵃ הרגיל בח׳ וכ׳ he who is used to take mustard once in etc. the same place (ibid.) 31ᵃ, and elsewhere כח׳ as large as a grain of mustard; and frequently—plural חַרְדְּלִים, חַרְדְּלִין. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 6, 11 כמה ח׳ ever so many grains of etc. Bava Bathra 25ᵇ הרחק דבורך מן חַרְדְּלַיי keep thy bee-hive from my mustard plants; the same place (ibid.) 18ᵃ חַרְדְּלַאי (Manuscript Florence a. R. חרדלַי). ↗ original
חַרְדְּלִי (the preceding; supply (understood word) יין) mustard-colored, red wine. Bereshith Rabbah section 98. Shabbath 63ᵃ top יין ח׳ (an obscene disguise for a dark-complected woman), see גּוּרְדְּלִי. ↗ original
חַרְדְּלִית (the preceding words; compare חַד I, 2) rain water rushing down a slope, torrent. Eduy. 5, 2; Mikvaoth 5, 6; explained Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 4, 10, see מִדְּרוֹן. Chagigah 19ᵃ ח׳ של גשמים; Tosefta Mikvaoth 3, 4 חַרְדֶּלֶת; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָרוֹב (the preceding) ruined, desolate. Targum Haggai, Book of 1, 4; 9 (Levita חריב). Targum Psalms 60, 11 (edition Vilna edition חֲ׳, manuscript חריבא). Targum Ezekiel 26, 19 חרו׳ edition Lagarde edition (edition Venice I חֲרֵבָא, edition Vilna edition חָרְבָא).—plural fem. חֲרֵיבָן, חֲרֵבָ׳, חָרְבָתָא. Targum Ezekiel 36, 38. the same place (ibid.) 35. Targum Isaiah 61, 4; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲרוּב 1 (חרב) [dry,] carob-pod; carob-tree. Bava Bathra 4, 8 ח׳ שאינו מורכב a carob-tree which has not yet been ingrafted (bears no fruit). Bava Metzia 59ᵇ; and frequently—plural חֲרוּבִים, חֲרוּבִין. Rosh Hashanah 15ᵇ. Bava Bathra 70ᵃ. Vayikra Rabbah section 35, and elsewhere (play on חרב תאכלו, Isaiah 1, 20) ח׳ תֹּאכְלוּ (some edition וחרבין, correct accordingly) ye shall eat carobs (live in poverty); and frequently a variety of beans, the pods of which resemble the carob, see חֲרוּבָא. Kilayim 1, 2. ↗ original
חֲרוּב 2Ḥărub, מגדל ח׳ Tower of Ḥ., in Northern Palestine. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 6, 36ᶜ; Tosefta Shevi'ith 4, 11 (see Hildesh. Sachs, Beitrage p. 37). כפר ח׳ K’far (Village of) Ḥ. Yerushalmi (prefix) Demai 2, 22ᵈ top, כפר וח׳ (correct accordingly); see חֲרוּבָא 2. ↗ original
חֲרוּבָא , carob. Vayikra Rabbah section 35 צריכין ישראל לח׳ וכ׳ Israel needs carob (poverty) to do repentance; Yalkut Shimoni Isaiah 256; Vayikra Rabbah section 13 (not לחיר׳). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 1, 27ᵃ (explained חרוב Mishnah the same place (ibid.) 1, 2) כמין פול מצרי (פרסי) הוא … דמיין לח׳ it is a variety of the Egyptian (Persian?) bean, and its pods look like those of the carob. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sukkah 3, 53ᵈ top of the page ↗ original
חֲרוּבָא ²K’far Ḥăruba, on the lake of Genezareth (see Hildesh. Sachs, Beitrage p. 37). Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 4, 69ᵃ כ׳ חריבה; Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 (edition Vilna edition חרוכא, correct accordingly); Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 946 כפר חנניא. ↗ original
חֲרוּבִית (חֲרוּב 1) carob-tree. Bamidbar Rabbah section 9 (p. 232ᵇ edition Amsterdam edition); Midrash Samuel Chaldaic (Aramaic) 13 כח׳ גדולה היה Absalom was as tall as a large carob-tree; the same place (ibid.) Chaldaic (Aramaic) 27; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 17ᵇ top (not … בות). Pesikta Rabbati section 4 פערה הח׳ וכ׳ the carob tree opened itself and swallowed him (Isaiah). ↗ original
חֲרוּבִיתָא Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 1, 17ᵇ top (not חרובו׳); Bamidbar Rabbah section 9; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָרוֹזָא (חֲרַז) a stringer of pearls; in a transferred sense one who combines verses from various Biblical books for homiletical purposes. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 10, see קָדוֹחָא. ↗ original
חֲרוֹכָא (חֲרַךְ) burned, charred meat. Betzah 32ᵇ ואזדהר מח׳ but guard against its becoming charred (by touching a solid object in the oven). Pesachim 41ᵃ דשוייה ח׳ Munich manuscript (edition דשויא) he made (the Passover lamb) charred meat (instead of roast). Zevachim 106ᵃ; Yoma 68ᵇ דשויא ח׳ if it has been reduced to lumps of charred flesh (instead of being burnt to ashes), see נָתַךְ.—Bava Metzia 85ᵃ they surnamed R. Zeira ח׳ קטיו שקיה Munich manuscript (edition קטין חֲרִיךְ ש׳) the burnt one with dwarfed legs: Sanhedrin 37ᵃ חֲרִיכָא (early prints חרו׳); (Berachoth 46ᵃ קטינא חריך שקי).—[Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 כפר חרוכא, some edition, see חֲרוּבָא 2.] ↗ original
חָרוּל חרל to sting, burn, thorn, nettle.—plural חֲרוּלִים, construct state חֲרוּלֵי. Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 30; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 95. ↗ original
חָרוֹןanger. Bereshith Rabbah section 70 (play on מחרן, Genesis 29, 4) מחֲרוֹנוֹ של וכ׳ we flee from the anger of the Lord; Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 123. Zevachim 102ᵃ כל חרון אף וכ׳ wherever in the Scriptures the expression ‘anger of the Lord’ is used, there remains a lasting mark of it; Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 173. ↗ original
חֲרוֹסֶת (חרס; compare הַרְסָנָא) a pap made of fruits and spices with wine or vinegar, used for sweetening the bitter herb on the Passover night. Pesachim 10, 3. the same place (ibid.) 116ᵃ (play on חֶרֶס I) ח׳ זכר לטיט, see זֵכֶר. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 10, 9; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָרוֹפָה (חָרַף) scraper, rake.—plural חָרוֹפוֹת. Shevi'ith 5, 4 בח׳ של עץ Munich manuscript (edition במַאֲרוֹפוֹת) with wooden rakes. ↗ original
חֲרוּפָה (see חָרַף) designated, betrothed. Kiddushin 6ᵃ האומר חֲרוּפָתִי וכ׳ if one says to a woman, Be my ḥărufah, she is betrothed, for in Judæa they call the betrothed (אֲרוּסָה) ḥărufah.—Esp. שפחה ח׳ (see Leviticus 19, 20) a handmaid designated to become the wife of one selected by her master. Gittin 43ᵃ איזוהי שפחה ח׳ (Kerithoth 2, 5 only שפחה) what is the legal condition meant in the law concerning the designated handmaid?—Tosefta Kerithoth 1, 19 אשם ש׳ ח׳ the sacrifice due for sleeping with an engaged handmaid. the same place (ibid.) 16; and frequently—plural חֲרוּפוֹת. Kerithoth 9ᵃ; and elsewhere defloured, see חָרַף. ↗ original
חָרוּץone having an abnormal incision or cavity on his body (Leviticus 22, 22). Bechoroth 41ᵃ ח׳ במקום עצם having the depression in a bone, ח׳ במקום בשר in a fleshy participle 5. חָרִיץ. ↗ original
חָרוֹרָא (חור, see חִיוַּרְוָרַיָּא; compare Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1226, and the following under the word חור) dazzling the eye, deceiver.—plural חָרוֹרִין, construct state (חֲרוּ׳) חֲרוֹרֵי, with עיינין. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Deuteronomy 18, 10 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 edition Amsterdam edition חָרוֹדֵי, correct accordingly); the same place (ibid.) 14 (Hebrew text מְעֹנֵן, derived frequently עוּן, see Sanhedrin 65ᵇ quoted under the word זְכוּרוּ). [Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 19, 26 ולא אחורי סנהדרין עיינין, read: ולא חרורי עיינין, the word סנהדרין being a glossator’s reference to Sanhedrin the passage cited] ↗ original
חרורו , Yoma 68ᵇ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth), see הֲדוּרָא↗ original
חֲרוּרִי (חוֹר 2) one belonging to the class, having the status, of freedmen. Kiddushin 4, 1. ↗ original
חֲרוּרֵי (see the preceding) claims of liberation from slavery. Gittin 86ᵃ (in a formula of sale of a slave) ופטיר ועטיר מן ח׳ וכ׳ and is free and guarded from any claims of liberation. ↗ original
חֲרוּשְׁתָּא = חַרְשְׁיוּתָא, witchcraft. Pesachim 110ᵃ bottom of the page נשי דח׳ Munich manuscript (edition see חַרְשִׁי) women practicing witchcraft. ↗ original
חָרוּת 1 (חרת, sec. root or radix of חרה, see חֶרְיָה) dried up by heat, shrunk. Sukkah 32ᵃ top ח׳ פסול if the palm-branch is dried up, it is unfit for use; דומה לח׳ if it only looks as if dried up (blackish) etc.—Fem.חֲרוּתָה. Chullin 3, 2 ח׳ בידי שמים if the animal’s lungs are shrunk (wood-like) through an accident; the same place (ibid.) 55ᵇ ח׳ בידי אדם by violence done to it. Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 12 אי זוהי ח׳ וכ׳ what animal is called ḥărutha?—Answ. whose lungs are shrunk. engraven, see חָרַת. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Bava Bathra 4, 14ᶜ bottom of the page חרותין, see דּוּת.] ↗ original
חֲרוּתָא (the preceding) = Hebrew חֶרְיָה, a dried-up twig, hardened palm-twig, opposite כפות flexible. Sukkah 32ᵃ. Bava Bathra 161ᵇ; Gittin 36, and elsewhere צייר ח׳ drew a palm-twig (as his signature). [Targum Isaiah 60, 21 דחרותי edition Venice, read: דחדותי, see חֶדְוָא.]—plural חֶרְוָתָא, חֶרְוָו׳. Bava Bathra 101ᵇ דעביד להו כי ח׳ he makes the burial caves like palm-twigs (in the shape of a fan). Pesachim 82ᵃ קני ותרוותא Munich manuscript 2 (Munich manuscript 1 קני דחרות׳, corrupted וח׳, edition וחריואתא, read: וחֶרְוָואתָא; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חֶרְיָתָא, frequently חֶרְיָא) reeds and twigs. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevi'ith 2, 33ᵈ bottom of the page בכנישתא חדתא וחֶרְוָותָה (read: דח׳) with a new broom of palm-twigs. ↗ original
חָרוּתָא (חרר) blackness, black sediment. Niddah 20ᵃ, see חֶרֶת. [Kiddushin 81ᵇ אנא ח׳, see חַדְוְתָא.] ↗ original
חָרַז (Biblical Hebrew) [to bore holes, to carry thread through a hole,] to squeeze into. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 10 (referring to בחרוזים the same place (ibid.)) שחוֹרְזִים צואריהם וכ׳ (not שחוזרין) who squeeze their necks (through window holes, open doors etc.) to hear the words of the Law (see Yoma 35ᵇ; Berachoth 6ᵇ; see דּוּחֲקָא); Yalkut Shimoni the same place (ibid.) 983 שהם חוזרים אחרי וכ׳ (read: חוֹרְזִים אחוֹרֵי). to string. Shemoth Rabbah section 20 ישב וח׳ וכ׳ he sat down and strung (assorting) the larger pearls separately etc.—participle passive חָרוּז, plural חֲרוּזִים, חֲרוּזִין. Shir HaShirim Rabbah the passage cited [read:] אלו ע׳ זקנים שהיו חֲרוּזִים אחריהם כליניא וכ׳ (see Yalkut Shimoni the passage cited) those are the seventy elders who were strung (arranged) behind them (Moses and Aaron) like a string of pearls.—Chullin 95ᵇ בחרוזין (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חֲרִיזִים, noun) if the pieces of meat are strung together. Echah Rabbah to 5, 13 ג׳ מאות … ח׳ וכ׳ three hundred children were found strung up on the branches of one tree.—Transferred to draw parallels between Biblical passages, to explain one passage by another. Shir HaShirim Rabbah the passage cited הייתי יושב וחוֹרֵז וכ׳ I was sitting and comparing verses of the Pentateuch, and Pentateuch with Prophets etc.—the same place (ibid.) שהיו חוֹרְזִים וכ׳; Yalkut Shimoni the passage cited חוזרים (correct accordingly). Shir HaShirim Rabbah the passage cited שהן חֲרוּזוֹת וכ׳ which are strung together (illustrate one another). Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱרִיזsame. Vayikra Rabbah section 16 מַחֲרִיז ד"ת וכ׳ I was comparing etc. ↗ original
חֲרַזto sting, perforate. Yevamoth 75ᵇ top חַרְזֵיה סילוא וכ׳ a thorn wounded him etc. Avodah Zarah 28ᵇ זיבורא ודחרזיה וכ׳ he who suffers from the sting of a wasp, or of a thorn. to string beads; in a transferred sense to compare verses (see the preceding). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 10 אית דידע למֶיחֲרוֹז וכ׳ some know how to string but not how to bore pearls, i.e. some know how to bring on parallels without having the ability to enter into the depth of a subject. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֲריזto cause to sting, to prickle. Gittin 84ᵃ מַחֲרֵיז Aruch (Sefer HeArukh), see בְּרַז. ↗ original
חַרְזָא (the preceding words) stinging, spiny. Bava Kamma 80ᵃ (explained חולדת הסנאים) שרצא הוצא וא"ד ח׳ דקטיני וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition שרצא חרצא; for other var. see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 20; marginal version שרצא חרצא וא"ד חרצא) a creeping animal (which is) prickly, and some use the word ḥarza (spiny), with tiny legs. But why ‘creeping’?—Because its legs are low. 5. חַרְצָא.—Fem. חַרְזִיתָא, plural חַרְזְיָיתָא. Eruvin 26ᵇ אצוותא ח׳ Munich manuscript (edition חֲרוּזְיָאחָא, חֲרוּזְיָת׳), see אַצְוָוא. ↗ original
חַרְחֲבִינָא (a compound or composed of חרח = חרחר, to bore, sting, see חֲרַר 2, a. בּוּן, see בִּינָא 3, בִּינְתָא 2) a hair-like creeper, creeper on palm-trees (compare חַרְגִּינִּין, הַרְדֹּופַנִּין). Tosefta Shevi'ith 5, 3 הרחבינה edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading החרח׳). Pesachim 2, 6, explained the same place (ibid.) 39ᵃ, see אַצְוָוא.—plural חַרְחֲבִינִין. the same place (ibid.) בחרחלין ובח׳ edition (Munich manuscript 1 ובחרחבנין; Munich manuscript 2 ובחרבנין), see חִרְחַלִּין. the same place (ibid.) ובחַרְבִּינִין ובחרגינין וכ׳ edition (Munich manuscript ובחרחבינה, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 200) with palm-ivy, garden-ivy and wall-ivy. ↗ original
חַרְחוֹר (reduplic. of חור, see חָרַר I) [point of a lance, see Maimonides to Kelim 13, 3 edition Dehr.,] the coulter, inserted into the horizontal pole (מַרְדֵּעַ) in front of the ploughshare (דָּרְבָן). Kelim 13, 3. the same place (ibid.) 25, 2, see תָּוֶךְ. Tosefta Kelim Bava Metzia 3, 7. Tosefta Kelim Bava Bathra 3, 5. ↗ original
חַרְחוּר (חִרְחֵר) burnt part of a loaf, burnt crust. Teb. Yom 1, 3, and the following Cmp. חֲרוֹכָא. ↗ original
חַרְחוּרָא (the preceding; = Biblical Hebrew חַרְחֻר) fever. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 28, 22. (compare הרהר) heated imagination, fantasy, delirium. plural construct state חַרְחוּרֵי. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy the passage cited ח׳ דלוחי (some edition ה׳) the frightful fantasies of etc. ↗ original
חַרְחַלִּין (redupl. of חרל, see חָרוּל) a prickly plant, thistle, (see Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Third American Edition, New-York 1858 under the word Carduus). Pesachim 39ᵃ בח׳ ובחרחבינין וכ׳ (you may use for bitter herb) thistles, palm-ivy etc. ↗ original
חַרְחַר (onompatop.) ḥarḥar, a word in an incantation for choking. Shabbath 67ᵃ ח׳ נחית בלע Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חד חד, Oxford manuscript both versions combined, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 90) ḥ., go down swallowed thing. ↗ original
חִרְחֵרto set twigs on fire for driving out the bees. ʿUktsin 3, 11 משיְחַרְחֵר from the moment he smokes the bees out; [Maimonides: he heats the honey-comb; variant reading in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh): משיְהַרְהֵר]. (supply (understood word) ריב) to stir up strife. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 8, 13 ולא תְחַרְתֲרוּ זה עם זה do not quarrel with one another. to make hot with fever. Vayikra Rabbah section 17, see הִרְהֵר. [Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 58ᶜ top מחרחרין מוזהרין, a cacography of מוזהרין; in edition Amsterdam edition only מוזהרין.] ↗ original
חָרַט (Biblical Hebrew) to scrape; to chisel. Tanchuma Ki Thissa 14 below the Israelites were sitting חוֹרְטִין את העגל וכ׳ chiselling the calf …, and above the Lord engraving the tablets. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱרִיטto model. Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 3 אם איני מַחֲרִיט … יסודותיו וכ׳ unless he models … its foundations and its entrances and exits, he does not begin to build. the same place (ibid.) הקב"ה ה׳ לפניו וכ׳ the Lord modelled before Him the world, but it would not stand. Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחָרֵט [to scratch one’s self,] to regret, feel sorry. Chagigah 5ᵃ ומִתְחָרֵט בו and feels sorry for it. Niddah 31ᵇ מִתְחָרֶטֶת she regrets (her vow of abstinence); and frequently 5. חֲרָטָה. ↗ original
חֲרַט , to regret. Targum Song of Songs 5, 4 למֶחְרַט to repent.—Pesachim 113ᵃ ותֶחְרַט, see זְבַן. ↗ original
חֲרָטָה (the preceding words) regret, especially the expression, before a court, of regret for a vow made under misapprehension. Niddah 31ᵇ ובח׳ תליא מילתא and the case is dependent on a formal declaration (and decision by a court). Nedarim 8ᵇ שליח לחֲרָטַת אשתו a deputy to declare his wife’s regret (and procure absolution). the same place (ibid.) 77ᵇ פותחין בח׳ the court begins with suggesting reasons for regret; and elsewhere ↗ original
חַרְטוּם plural חַרְטֻמִּים; חרט; probably an adapt. of the Egyptian ḥer-tum) charmer, magician.—plural חַרְטוּמִּים. Shemoth Rabbah section 10. Bamidbar Rabbah section 18 כל חַרְטוּמֵּי העולם all the magicians of the world; and frequently—Tanchuma Sh’moth. 11 חַרְטוּמִּין (חַרְטֻמִּין, supply (understood word) מעשי) deceptions↗ original
חַרְטוֹם (חטם, with ר inserted) = חוֹטָם, nose, beak. Tohoroth 1, 2. Sifra Aḥăré, Parah 8, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 12 פרט לח׳ וכ׳ except the beak, the nails, feathers etc. [Tamid 4, 3 Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חוטמו) the nostrils.] ↗ original
חַרְטוּמָא , especially (see חוֹטָם 4) the knotted straps of the shoe. Echah Rabbah to 1, 1 רבתי (חד מאת׳ 8) איפסיק ח׳ דסנדליה Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חד סנד׳) the straps of his sandal were broken. ↗ original
חרי (Biblical Hebrew) to be hot, to glow. Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 158 ח׳ אפו וכ׳ His anger is enkindled etc., see אַפִּילוֹן. Pi'el פִּעֵל חֵרָהto ignite, stir. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 18, 8 מְחָרֶה אפו He stirs up His anger. ↗ original
חֲרֵי Targum Psalms 57, 5 חָרְיָא Leviticus (edition Lagarde edition חָיְירָא, other edition חָיְרָא frequently חוּר; manuscript דָּיְירָא, see דּוּר Chaldaic (Aramaic); edition Vilna edition חדיא, correct accordingly). [Targum Proverbs 17, 24 חַרְיָן, quoted in Luzz. Philox. p. 106, glowing (with wisdom).]—[Gittin 69ᵃ וליחרו לכלבא, see נְחַר.] Pa'el פִּעֵל חָרֵיto stir, rake. Avodah Zarah 38ᵇ ואתא ישראל וחרי חרורי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (probably חָרוּיֵי; edition וחתה בה חתויי) and raked the fire. Chagigah 5ᵃ top ומְחַרְיָא תנורא and raked the fire in the oven (Rashi: out of the oven). ↗ original
חָרֵי (חרר) excrements. Taanith 9ᵇ חריא דעיזי excrements of goats (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 7). Pesachim 110ᵃ bottom of the page ח׳ חמימי וכ׳ hot excrements in broken baskets (words in an incantation). Gittin 70ᵃ קורטמי דחרי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition דחחי) carthamus growing in dunged fields. ↗ original
חרידן , Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 12, 39 some edition, see חֲרָרָא↗ original
חֶרְיָהdried branches, twigs used for fuel. Sukkah 4, 6, see חִיבּוּט. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 3, beginning 5ᶜ שיורי ח׳ remnants of twigs (in the stove); and frequently ↗ original
חֶרְיוֹנִים , see חָרַיָּא) excrements. Megillah 25ᵇ ח׳ דביונים edition (explained in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) a. Rashi manuscript חָרֵי יוֹנִים excrements of doves?) for ḥeryonim they substituted etc., see דִּבְיוֹנִים. ↗ original
חֶרְיָנָא (חרי) glow (of face), anger. Targum Proverbs 30, 33 (edition Vilna edition חַרְ׳). the same place (ibid.) 21, 24 (edition Vilna edition חדי׳, correct accordingly). the same place (ibid.) 22, 8. ↗ original
חֲרִיעַ (Syriac (Peshitta) חריעyellowish, compare Biblical Hebrew חרוץgold; compare חרה) Bastard safron (Carthamus tinctorius, compare κνῆκος a. κνηκός). Kilayim 2, 8. Tosefta Maʿǎser Sheni 1, 13 (Chaldaic (Aramaic) form) בנת חריעא edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading בנות ח׳) the seeds of etc.; חלות ח׳ lozenges made of etc. (see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 218). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 2, 28ᵃ (explained מוריקא); and frequently ↗ original
חֲרִיף (see חָרַף) to be quick, acute. Chullin 110ᵇ חֲרִיפַת טובא thou art quick of perception. ↗ original
חָרִיף (the preceding) quick, sharp; pungent; acute. Targum Psalms 52, 4. Targum Isaiah 7, 20; and frequently—Horayoth 14ᵃ ח׳ ומקשה is acute and inclined to raise questions. Niddah 45ᵇ דח׳ טפי that she is very bright (for her age). Bava Bathra 111ᵇ, and elsewhere סכינא ח׳ דמפסקא וכ׳ a sharp knife which cuts verses apart (interpreting without regard to syntax). Chullin 77ᵃ דח׳ סכיניה whose knife is sharp (who reasons well); Yevamoth 122ᵃ דחריף סכינא. Megillah 7ᵃ, and elsewhere (proverb) טבא חדא פילפלתא ח׳ וכ׳ one grain of pepper is worth more than a basketful of pumpkins, i.e. a reasoning mind is worth more than learning. Nedarim 31ᵇ top זבינא ח׳ goods which sell quickly, see מִיצְעָא; and frequently—plural חֲרִיפִין, חֲרִיפֵי. Targum Joshua 5, 2. Targum Habakkuk 1, 8.—Berachoth 59ᵇ האי דח׳ בני וכ׳ the reason that the men of Maḥuza are acute. Kiddushin 39ᵃ, and elsewhere ח׳ דפומבדיתא the ingenious students of Pumb’ditha (Efa and Abimi); and elsewhere current coin, easily passing. Bava Metzia 44ᵃ and the following כספא דח׳ silver coin which is current, is considered coin, gold being less current is considered a produce.—plural חֲרִיפֵי. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ טפי וכ׳ are easier passed than etc. ↗ original
חֲרִיפָא (the preceding) Ḥărifa (the acute). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 25, 15 (Hebrew text חֲדַד). ↗ original
חֲרִיפוּתָא (the preceding words) early manhood, energy. Targum Job 29, 4. rapid current, water-course in the river. Kethuboth 85ᵃ מח׳ דנהרא from the current of the river (not near the shore); Kiddushin 73ᵇ חֲרִיפְתָּא. ↗ original
חָרִיץincision, furrow, trench. Kilayim 5, 3. the same place (ibid.) 2, 8. Megillah 14ᵃ top of the page—Shabbath 22ᵃ לעשות ח׳ to make a rut in the floor; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 6ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, end, 61ᵈ חֶרֶץ.—Chullin 55ᵇ top מקום ח׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חרץ) at the indentation in the kidneys. Menachoth 34ᵇ אם אין חֲרִיצָן ניכר (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חַרְצָן; Munich manuscript חוט, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) if the grooves marking the partitions in the T’fillin are not distinguishable; and frequently—plural חָרִיצִים, חָרִיצִין. Bava Kamma 5, 5; and frequently (from the shape) eye-lids with eye-lashes. Bechoroth 6, 2 (38ᵃ) ח׳ של עין Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Mishnah רִיס, Talmud edition הרִיס). Gittin 56ᵃ בח׳ של עין Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition בדוֹקִין). an abnormal depression or cavity in the body. Bechoroth 41ᵃ bottom of the page ח׳ במקום בשר, see חָרוּץ. ↗ original
חֲרִיצָא , channel.—plural חֲרִיצִין, construct state חֲרִיצֵי. Targum Job 38, 25. Targum Joshua 11, 8 ח׳ ימא Kimḥi (edition חַרְצֵי) channels for the manufacture of salt (Hebrew text משדפות). ↗ original
חֲרִיצָה (the preceding words) pressing into a channel; חֲרִיצַת לשון putting the tongue between the lips, effort in speaking. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 62, beginning (compare Exodus 11, 7). [Bereshith Rabbah section 70 ואינון בחריצה, some edition, read בחַרְצֵיה.] ↗ original
חריצותא , Targum Proverbs 10, 24 some edition, read: חֶרְיָינוּתָא. [Targum I Kings 3, 6 ובחריצות, read with best editions: ובתְרִיצוּת.] ↗ original
חֲרִיקָא (הֲ׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh)) masculine (חֲרַק) gap; בַּחֲרִיק־ in the gap caused by the absence of, in the place of. Kethuboth 61ᵃ עיילית לך איתתא בַחֲרִיקָאִי I brought thee a wife in my place (a hand-maid for domestic labors otherwise resting on the wife). the same place (ibid.) 105ᵃ הבו לי … בחריקאי get me a man to irrigate my fields in my stead. Yoma 77ᵃ (in a passage omitted in later editions) בחֲרִיקֵיה (Munich manuscript בהֲרִיקִי) in his (my) place. Arachin 27ᵇ bottom of the page בחֲרִיקָין in our stead. ↗ original
חָרִישׁploughing, ploughing season. Mechilta Vayakhel (referring to Exodus 34, 21) שבות מח׳ וכ׳ cease from ploughing etc. Rosh Hashanah 9ᵃ ח׳ של ערב וכ׳ a ploughing at the eve of the Sabbatical year (in the sixth year) which enters into (effects the growth of) the Sabbatical year; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲרִישָׁה 1same, ploughing. Shabbath 70ᵃ. Shemoth Rabbah section 6; Koheleth Rabbah to 7, 7, and elsewhere בחֲרִישַׁת הקבר concerning a grave which has been ploughed over; and frequently—Transferred sexual connection.—plural חֲרִישׁוֹת. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 1. beginning 2ᵇ. Bereshith Rabbah section 98. ↗ original
חֲרִישָׁה 2 (חָרַשׁ 2, Hif'il) silence, acquiescence. Sifré Numbers 153 and the following (with referring to Numbers 30, 5; 8; 12) ; see שְׁתִיקָה.—2) (חָרַשׁ 2 Pi'el) making deaf, deafening. Bava Kamma 86ᵃ לפי שא"א לח׳ וכ׳ (Munich manuscript להַחֲרִישׁ) because it is not possible to cause deafness without afflicting a wound, a drop of blood etc.; the same place (ibid.) 98ᵃ deafness, see חֲרִישׁוּת. ↗ original
חֲרִישָׁה 3 (see חוֹרֶשׁ) thicket, only in חֲרִישַׁת קניםa thicket of reeds. Bereshith Rabbah section 12, beginning; Koheleth Rabbah to 2, 12; (Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1 חורשא של וכ׳); see חִישָׁה. ↗ original
חֲרִישׁוּת (denominative of חֵרֵשׁ) deafness. Sifra K’dosh. Parah 4, Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9 שכן חֲרִישׁוּתוֹ גרמה לו where his deafness may be the reason why we must not curse him; Sanhedrin 66ᵃ חֲרִישָׁתוֹ. ↗ original
חָרַךְto roast, parch. Pi'el פִּעֵל חֵירֵךְ, חֵרֵךְto char, burn bread so as to make it uneatable; to prepare a wick by charring. Pesachim 21ᵇ חֵירְכוֹ קודם וכ׳ he charred the leavened bread before the time appointed for the removal of leavened matter. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 2, 5ᵃ top מְחָרְכִין (לין) לן they char them (the wicks).—participle passive מְחוֹרָךְ, fem. מְחוֹרֶכֶת, plural מְחוֹרָכִין, מְחוֹרָכוֹת. Tosefta Shabbath 2, 1 (see variant reading edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.)); Shabbath 29ᵃ (see Tosafoth ad loc. (on the passage)). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחָרֵךְ,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחָרֵךְto be singed, burnt. Tanchuma Noah 13 נ׳ שער וכ׳ the hair of his head and beard was singed. Pirké d’R. El. Chaldaic (Aramaic) 33 נִתְחָרְכוּ וכ׳ (not ב) his hair was singed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 16, 15ᶜ הדורשה מִתְחָרֵךְ he who preaches it (the Agadah) will burn himself (at the fire of the Law); (Treatise Sof’rim 16, 2 מתברך, correct accordingly) ↗ original
חֲרַךְ (neut. verb) to be burnt, blackened. Targum Job 30, 30 (Hebrew text חרה). Targum Jeremiah 6, 29 חֲרֵיךְ. Targum Isaiah 9, 18 חֲרוֹכַת (edition Lagarde edition חרובת). (active verb) to burn, roast. Pesachim 40ᵃ לא לִיחֲרוֹךְ וכ׳ one must not roast two ears etc.—participle passive חֲרִיךְ. Bava Metzia 85ᵃ; Berachoth 46ᵃ, and elsewhere, see חֲרוֹכָא. Pa'el פִּעֵל חָרֵיךְto burn, singe the hair off. Kiddushin 41ᵃ מְחָרֵיךְ רישא he himself singed the hair off the animal’s head (in preparing for the Sabbath). Avodah Zarah 38ᵃ Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְחֲרִיךְ, אִיחֲ׳to be burnt etc. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 21, 15 אתח׳ he was parched (with fever). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 12, 37.—Bava Metzia 85ᵃ אִיחַרְכוּ שקיה (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חרכו) his legs were burnt. Bava Bathra 74ᵃ אִיחֲרַךְ אִיחֲרוּכֵי Munich manuscript 2 (edition … הוה איח׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) it (the wool) was singed. Niddah 28ᵃ איחרך אִיחֲרוּכֵי Rashi (edition איחרכי, correct accordingly) it (the corpse) was charred (not burnt to ashes). ↗ original
חֵרֶךְ [burn, see the preceding] ḥerekh, a verbal substitute or ḥerem(חֵרֶם), see כִּינּוּי. Nedarim 1, 2.—plural חֲרָכִים, see חֲרָכַיָּיא. ↗ original
חֲרָךְ 1lattice, latticed window. Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Haḥod., p. 49ᵇ כשם … בין חלון לח׳ as there is a difference between (the light as it comes through) an open window and a latticed window, so etc.; Bamidbar Rabbah section 11; Pesikta Rabbati section 15; Yalkut Shimoni Song of Songs 986 בין חלון לחלון (correct accordingly).—plural חֲרַכִּים, חֲרַכִּין,. Bereshith Rabbah section 98. ↗ original
*חֲרָךְ 2 (חָרַךְ) parched grain;תגרי ח׳ vendors of parched grain who sold also spices etc.; grocers (κάπηλοι). Pesachim 116ᵃ; [other opinion vendors sitting behind lattices, see the preceding—variant reading הָדֵךְ, see דּוּךְ, pounded spices]. ↗ original
חֲרַכָּאbreaking through, breaking in. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 22, 1 (Hebrew text מחתרת). window. Targum I Chronicles 15, 29; Targum 2 Samuel 6, 16 (Hebrew text חלון); and elsewhere—Pl. חֲרַכִּין, חֲרַכַּיָּא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 8, 2. Targum Song of Songs 2, 9; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲרָכַיָּיא (חֲרַךְ) [burnings,] hărakhaya, a verbal substitute of חֵרֶךְ, which see Nedarim 10ᵇ, Rashi (edition חֲרָכִים) see חֲרָקַיָּיא. ↗ original
חָרַם (Biblical Hebrew) [to perforate, break through (compare Arab. ḫaram, a. חֲרָךְ I),] to make a net. Menachoth 37ᵃ top ר׳ יוסי החוֹרֵם R. J. the net-maker (or fisher); [Rashi, reading החָרוּם, (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage), note 100), see below]. to perforate. participle pass. חָרוּם (Biblical Hebrew חָרֻם) one whose nose is so flattened as to show its holes, flat-nosed. Bechoroth 7, 3 איזהו ח׳ הכוחל וכ׳ a ḥarum is he who can paint both of his eyes with one movement. the same place (ibid.) 43ᵇ ח׳ שחוטמו שקוע ḥ. is one whose nose is sunk. to cut off, to set outside (compare Arab. ḥaram), see below, a. חֵרֶם.—[ to burn, compare חָרַךְ, חָרֵב; see חוּרְמַן.] Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱרִים (denominative of חֵרֶם) [to set outside, apart,] to dedicate for priestly or sacred use (Leviticus 27, 28, and the following); to renounce private use. Arachin 8, 4 מַחֲרִים אדם וכ׳ a man may renounce a portion of his sheep etc.; ואם ה׳ את כולם אינן מוּחֲרָמִין but if he renounces all of them, they are not dedicated (his vow is invalid). the same place (ibid.) מה אם לגבוה להַחֲרִים וכ׳ since man is not permitted to renounce all his property even for a sacred purpose etc. the same place (ibid.) 7 מח׳ אדם את קדשיו וכ׳ one may declare ḥerem one’s own designated offerings (in which case he has to pay their value to the priest or the sanctuary); and very frequently—participle passive מוּחֳרָם, plural מוּחֳרָמִין, מוּחֳרָמִים. the same place (ibid.) 4, and the following, see above; and frequently to excommunicate, to pronounce the higher ban (which includes the withdrawal of protection of property). Moed Katan 16ᵃ מנדין … ומַחֲרִימִין וכ׳ the smaller ban is pronounced (over one disregarding a legal summons) at once …, the great ban after sixty days. ↗ original
חֲרַם , to perforale. participle pass. חֲרִים, חָרִיםflat-nosed, see the preceding Targum Onkelos Leviticus 21, 18. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַרֵים,Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֲרֵיםto declareחֵרֶם. Targum Joshua 6, 18 תְחַרְמוּן (variant reading תַחַרְ׳, read: תַחְרְ׳). Targum I Samuel 15, 21 די חַרְמוּן (edition Lagarde edition a. other דיַחְרְמוּן).—Targum Onkelos Leviticus 27, 28.—Arachin 28ᵃ כל דאית ליה לא לַחְרֵים … ליחַרְמֵיה כוליה one must not renounce (for sacred purposes) all his property, but of one kind he may renounce all he has. to excommunicate. Moed Katan 16ᵃ מנלן דמַחְרְמִינָן (or דמְחַרְמִי׳) whence is it proven that we (the court) have a right to excommunicate a recreant person?—Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 81ᵈ top אילולא דלא חַרְמִית … מְחַרֵם וכ׳ were it not that I never in my life excommunicated a person, I should have excommunicated that man; and elsewhere—participle passive מְחַרַם, plural מְחַרְמִין. the same place (ibid.) bottom of the page ייא ההוא גברא מ׳ this man (thou) be excommunicated. the same place (ibid.) ליהוון ההיא עמא מח׳ those people (you) be excommunicated. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיתְחֲרַםto he declaredחֵרֶם, to be dedicated. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 27, 29 דיִתְחֲ׳ edition Berlin edition (other דיִתַּחֲ׳). ↗ original
חֵרֶםthe preceding) net. Kelim 23, 5; 28, 9, see זֶוֶט; and frequently—Nedarim 2, 5, see below. a place adapted for catching fish in nets, fishing coast, fishery. Bava Kamma 81ᵇ מלא חבל ח׳ בדרומה a rope’s length (district) of fishing coast south of it (the Lake of Tiberias); Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 18 variant reading edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.)—Eruvin 47ᵇ ח׳ שבין וכ׳ a fishpond between two territories. [cut off, excluded, compare חוּלִּין, הֶפְקֵר,] ḥerem, property set apart for priest’s or Temple use; doomed to destruction. Nedarim 2, 4 אם כח׳ של שמים if (he said, This shall be to me) like the ḥerem consecrated to the Temple, opposite ח׳ של כהנים assigned to the private use of priests. the same place (ibid.) 5 נדר בח׳ … בחֶרְמוֹ של ים if he made a vow of abstinence using the word ḥerem, and he says, I meant the ḥerem of the sea (fisher’s net). the same place (ibid.) 1, 2 כינויין לח׳ verbal substitutes for ḥerem (effecting prohibition); and frequently excommunication. Moed Katan 17ᵃ.—plural חֲרָמִים, חֲרָמִין. Sanhedrin 43ᵇ מעל עכן בג׳ ח׳ Akhan committed three sacrileges. Nedarim 2, 4 סתם ח׳ containing the expression ḥerem unqualified. the same place (ibid.) חַרְמֵי הכהנים the dedications as priestly property. Arachin 8, 6 סתם ח׳ לבדק הבית unqualified dedications (this be ḥerem) go to the repair of the Temple; and frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵃ top שצבעה בחרם, read: בחֶרֶת.]—5. חֵירוּם. ↗ original
חָרָם (the preceding) fisherman.—plural חָרָמִים, חָרָמִין, construct state חָרָמֵי. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 2, end, 81ᵇ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, 30ᵈ top ח׳ טבריה the net-fishers of Tiberias. confiscator, official oppressor, see הָרָג.—Tosefta Avodah Zarah 7 (8), 6; Avodah Zarah 58ᵃ. Tosefta Bava Metzia 3, 19; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 4, end, 9ᵈ a defective coin must not be given לתגר … ולא לח׳ וכ׳ to a travelling merchant, to a highwayman, or to an oppressor, because they will cheat etc.—plural as ab. Nedarim 3, 4; Bava Kamma 113ᵃ, see נָדַר. ↗ original
חֶרְמָאnet. Targum Habakkuk 1, 15. = חֵרֶם 3). Targum Onkelos Leviticus 27, 21 (edition Berlin edition חִירְמָא).—Targum Joshua 6, 17, and the following (edition Lagarde edition חיר׳; some edition חָרְ׳); and frequently ↗ original
חָרְמָא (Biblical Hebrew) Hormah (Destruction, see the preceding). Targum Numbers 21, 3 (edition Berlin edition חוּרְמָה). Targum Onkelos the same place (ibid.) 14, 45 (edition Berlin edition חור׳; Yerushalmi (prefix) שֵׁצְיוּ). ↗ original
חֶרֶס 1חֶרֶשׂ; חרסto be rough; to scrape) common earthware. כלי ח׳ earthen vessel. Kelim 3, 1 (edition Dehr. חרש); and very frequently—the same place (ibid.) 4 היה בה ח׳ if there remained of it a (sound) piece large enough to contain etc.—Tanchuma Sh’laḥ. 1 (referring to חֶרֶשׁ, Joshua 2, 1) קרי ביה ח׳ read it ḥeres (with earthware, in the disguise of potters); Bamidbar Rabbah section 16, beginning חרשׂ; and frequently—Esp. (see חַסְפָּא) potsherd. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 1, 37ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 1, beginning 51ᵃ והתני … לא חספא did not Bar K. say, ḥeres is a substitute for ḥerem (חֵרֶם)? now, does not this mean a sherd (which has no reference to anything forbidden either as sacred or as doomed to destruction)?; see next word—plural חֲרָסִים, חֲרָסִין. Kelim 3, 4. the same place (ibid.) 9, 5 (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חֲרָשִׂין); and elsewhere—Chagigah 13ᵇ (explained בזק, Ezekiel 1, 14) כאור … מבין הח׳ like the flames from between the perforated earthen pieces (used in smelting gold). ↗ original
חֶרֶס 2 חרס to glow; compare חָרָה) the sun. Menachoth 110ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 19, 18) מאי עיר הח׳ (late editions הה׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) what is Ir ha-Ḥeres?קרתא דבית שמשא the city of Beth-Shemesh; מאי משמע דהאי ח׳ לישנא וכ׳ where is the evidence that ḥeres means sun? (Answ. referring to Job 9, 7). Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 1, 37ᵃ top; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nazir 1, beginning 51ᵃ ח׳ לשון גבוה הוא ḥeres (as a substitute for חֵרֶם, see the preceding) has reference to Deity, (as we read) ‘who speaks to the sun’ (Job the passage cited). ↗ original
חֶרֶס 3 compare the preceding a. an eruption of the skin. Bechoroth 41ᵃ גרב זה הח׳ garab (see גָּרָב) is the same as ḥeres↗ original
חֲרַס Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 28, 27 (Yerushalmi (prefix) quoted in Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חַרְסוֹנָא, see חִיכּוּכָא). ↗ original
חַרְסוּםḤarsum.—Yoma 9ᵃ; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 40ᵈ אלעזר בן ח׳ (or אליעזר) El b. Ḥ. a highpriest; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 22 חרסות edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading סום …).—Yoma 35ᵇ R. El b. Ḥ. a rich scholar; Echah Rabbah to 2, 2 (some edition חַרְסָנָה) Treatise S’maḥoth Chaldaic (Aramaic) 9 בימי ח׳ (probably to be read: בן ח׳) in the days (of persecution) of etc. ↗ original
חַרְסוּןḤarsun. Koheleth Rabbah to 4, 8 גביני בן ח׳ G. b. H., a rich heir (compare the preceding). ↗ original
חַרְסִית 1 (Biblical Hebrew) proper noun, שער הח׳Gate of Ḥarsith, one of the Jerusalem gates. Yerushalmi (prefix) Eruvin 5, 22ᶜ (the Eastern gate) was called שער חריסית שהוא מכוון וכ׳ (correct accordingly) Gate of Ḥ., because it was facing the East; see חֶרֶס 2. ↗ original
חַרְסִית 2 (חֶרֶס 1) potter’s clay, clay-ground. Maʿǎser Sheni 5, 1 בח׳ must be marked off with burned clay. Chullin 6, 7 בח׳; the same place (ibid.) 88ᵃ שחיקת ח׳ powdered burned clay. Kelim 3, 7; and frequently—[Tosefta Terumoth 9, 3 חרסיות, see חָסִית I.] ↗ original
חַרְסָן (the preceding) earthen vessel, bed-chamber. Tosefta Terumoth 10, 13; Tosefta Tohoroth 5, 3; Yerushalmi (prefix) Terumoth 11, 48ᵃ הריוסן (correct accordingly). [Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) edition Ecclesiastes (Koheleth), under the word הרסנא, reads הַרְסָן.] ↗ original
חַרְסְפִיתִין (חסף with ר inserted, see חַסְפְּנִיתָא) scales. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 11, 9, and the following Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 14, 9 and the following—Pesikta Rabbati section 14 דמיין לחַרְסְפוּתַיָּיא דנוני, see חַסְפְּנִיתָא; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Parah, p. 35ᵃ להחרפותא דיונה (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חָרַף (Biblical Hebrew) to scrape, sharpen, grind.—participle passive חָרוּף, feminine חֲרוּפָה, plural חֲרוּפוֹת. Pesikta Rabbati section 21 פנים ח׳ sharp (severe) countenance (variant reading הדופות).—Transferred to deflour, see below. (compare חלף) to change, transform; to change possession. participle pass. feminine חֲרוּפָהdesignated for change of condition, see חֲרוּפָה. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחֱרַף (of grist) (of grist) to be ground; in a transferred sense to be defloured, have intercourse. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kiddushin 1, 59ᵃ top (explained Leviticus 19, 20) נֶחֱרֶפֶת … בכתושה לפני איש‘neḥĕrefeth by a man’ means crushed before a man (with referring to Proverbs 27, 22, see הֲרִיפוֹת). to change condition. Kerith. 11ᵃ (referring to נחרפת explained by בְּעוּלָה) מאי משמע … דשנויי הוא (Rashi: דשינויא) what proof is there that neḥĕrefeth has the meaning of change from natural condition? Answ. referring to הָרִיפוֹת (2 Samuel 17, 19) and to Proverbs the passage cited Pi'el פִּעֵל חֵרֵף, חֵירֵף (compare גָּרַף, גָּדַף) [to scrape off,] to revile, blaspheme, shame. Vayikra Rabbah section 7, end מְחָרֶפֶת ומגדפת she (Rome) blasphemes and reviles. Bamidbar Rabbah section 10 מְחָרְפָם, see גָּדַף. Sanhedrin 94ᵃ, and the following שחי׳ ע"י וכ׳ who blasphemed (the Lord) through a messenger; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחָרֵף,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחָרֵףto be reviled. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 74, end שמִתְחָרֵף ומתנאץ which is reviled and blasphemed. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 18, 1 עד שנִתְחָרַפְתִּי until I was reviled; and elsewhere to become white, pale. Tanchuma Bereshith 12 (play on קיץ וחרף) שתהיו מתקייצין ופניכם מִתְחָרְפִין (some edition מתחפרין) that you will feel nauseous and your faces become pale. ↗ original
חֲרַף ; Pa'elחָרֵףto sharpen, grind. Targum I Samuel 13, 20, and the following Targum Job 16, 9 (not חָרִיף; Hebrew text ילטש).—participle passive מְחַרַף. Targum Jeremiah 9, 7 edition Lagarde edition (other edition מְחָרֵיף, correct accordingly). Targum Isaiah 5, 28. to blaspheme, revile. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 24, 11.; and frequently—[the same place (ibid.) 15, and the following יֶחֱרַףPe.!] Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחֲרִיףto be quick, be early. Sanhedrin 70ᵇ אַחֲרִיפוּ ועולו וכ׳ go in early (before sunset), and leave early, that people may take notice of you. Shabbath 115ᵃ דהוו קא מַחְרְפֵי that they did it earlier (than they were told to). ↗ original
חֲרָפָא (see חֲרַףAf'el) early. Bava Bathra 90ᵇ תרעא ח׳ וכ׳ the early market (soon after the crop) at the early market price, opposite תרעא אפלא later market.—plural חָרְפֵי. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 11, 2 early seeds.—Taanith 3ᵇ בח׳ concerning early clouds (when rain is gathering). Niddah 65ᵇ, see אֲפֵילָא.—Fem. plural חֲרָפָתָא. Rosh Hashanah 8ᵃ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חָרְפְּיָיתָא), see אֲפֵילָא. ↗ original
חֶרְפָּה [paleness,] shame; revilement. Bereshith Rabbah section 80. Shabbath 88ᵇ, and elsewhere שומעין חֶרְפָּתָן וכ׳ hear themselves reviled and answer not. ↗ original
חֲרַפְתָּאbat. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2, Deuteronomy 14, 18 (Yerushalmi (prefix) I ערפדא). ↗ original
חָרַץ (Biblical Hebrew) to dig a cavity, to cut a trench of even width all through. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 7, 31ᵇ bottom of the page חפר ח׳ נעץ וכ׳ if (on the Sabbath) one dug (a pit), made a trench, and cut a wedge-like ditch (narrow below), he is guilty of one act; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 9ᵈ bottom of the page; and frequently to decree, designate. Tanchuma Bechukkothai 1 (referring to Job 14, 5) ח׳ ימיו וכ׳ He designated the duration of life of every creature.—participle pass. חָרוּץ, feminine חֲרוּצָה; plural חֲרוּצִים, חֲרוּצוֹת a) grooved. Shabbath 98ᵇ ח׳ היו הקרשים וב׳ the boards of the Tabernacle were grooved, and the sockets hollowed out correspondingly.—b) decreed, decided; determined. Bereshith Rabbah section 67 (referring to Proverbs 12, 27) the blessings שמעיקר העולם חרוצות לו which were designated to him from primeval days. the same place (ibid.) חרוצה ביד וכ׳ it is a decided fact known to the righteous that they will in this world receive none etc. Devarim Rabbah section 1 שידיך חדות וח׳ that thy hands are quick and determined.—c) flat-nosed, see חָרוּץ. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחֲרַץto be cut into, dug, ploughed. Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 1, 49ᵃ bottom of the page a soil is called virgin כל שלא נ׳ בה מימיה when it has never been cut into; see חֶרֶץ. ↗ original
חֲרַץ , to cut into. participle passive חָרִיץ. Gittin 20ᵃ רושמא מִיחֲרַץ ח׳ וכ׳ is the stamp of a coin dug into (are the devices formed with a loss of substance), or is it pressed into (by compressing the substance)?—Bechoroth 41ᵃ מיחרץ ח׳ (a dry scab is) cut into (deeper than the surface). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיחֲרַץto be cut into, see above. ↗ original
חֶרֶץ (the preceding) incision, groove, mark of a seam. Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 1, 49ᵃ bottom of the page כל שאין בה ח׳ (a virgin soil is) such as shows no grooves. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 48ᵈ bottom of the page משיתמלא הח׳ from the time the incision in the growing fruits begins to fill up.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Betzah 2, end, 61ᵈ, and elsewhere, see חֲרִיץ. ↗ original
חַרְצָא 1 (חֲרַץ) digging, a digger. Bava Kamma 80ᵃ (marginal version) שרצא ח׳ וא"ד ח׳ a digging animal, and some use only the word ḥartsa: digger; see חַרְזָא. ↗ original
חַרְצָא 2 (חֲרַץ) groove, channel, see חֲרִיצָא. (compare כֶּסֶל) [incision,] loins. Targum Deuteronomy 33, 11 (Yerushalmi (prefix) 2 חֶרֶץ).—Targum Genesis 37, 34 (Yerushalmi (prefix) חַרְצוֹיpl.); and frequently—plural חַרְצִין, construct state חַרְצֵי. Targum Onkelos Exodus 28, 42 (some edition חַרְצָןtheir loins); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) אתר קטור חַרְצֵיהוֹן חַרְצֵיהוֹן the place of the knot of their loins (belt). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 50, 11; and frequently ↗ original
חַרְצַן , plural חַרְצַנִּים (Biblical Hebrew) a pomace of kernels or shells of grapes; see זָג. Nazir 6, 2. the same place (ibid.) 35ᵃ; and frequently—the same place (ibid.) 38ᵇ אכל חרצן if he ate the shell (or the interior) of one berry. Chullin 82ᵇ זרע חטה וח׳ if he sowed a wheat grain and a kernel; and frequently—5. גּוּחַרְקָא 2. ↗ original
חַרְצָנָה (the preceding; collect. noun) kernels. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maasroth 1, 48ᵈ שתהא ח׳ שלהן וכ׳ their kernels must be seen through the berries. ↗ original
חַרְצָנִיתָא , stones of a fruit. Tanchuma Vaëra 14 כהדא פרטתא דרמונא דח׳ מתחמיא מלגאו like the berry of a pome-granate whose stones are seen from within (shining through); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Vayhi, p. 3ᵇ דחרצנייתא (read: דחַרְצִינִיתָא); Shemoth Rabbah section 12 דחַרְצִינִיתֵיה; Bamidbar Rabbah section 12 דחרצינתה (correct accordingly); Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 11 דכל הדא פיטרתא (read: … חרצנתא); Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 186 דחרצנתי (read: … תֵּיה); Yalkut Shimoni Job 912 (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חָרַק (Biblical Hebrew) to cut a gap; to squeeze into a gap; to prick. participle pass. חָרוּק, feminine חֲרוּקָה; plural חֲרוּקִים, חֲרוּקוֹת a) having incisions, edged, serried. Chullin 59ᵇ edition, see חָדַק.—b) wedged in. Parah 12, 8 החרוקות (variant reading החֲדוּקוֹת) those handles which are squeezed into holes, opposite הקדוחות bored handles; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 12 (11), 17 אף הרוק וצואה וכ׳ (read: אף החרוקות · צואה וכ׳). Pi'el פִּעֵל חֵרֵק [to set at edge,] (with שֵׁן) to gnash, grind the teeth. Pesikta Rabbati section 37 מְחָרְקִין שיניהם ground their teeth (in sneer). Shemoth Rabbah section 5; Tanchuma Vaëra 6 התחיל מְחָרֵק עליהם וכ׳ he began to gnash his teeth against them (in rage). ↗ original
חֲרַק Shabbath 67ᵃ לִיחֲרוֹק ביה פורתא let him cut a little notch into it. participle חָרֵיק. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᶜ bottom of the page וח׳ בשינוי and gnashing his teeth; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 12, 35ᵇ וחרוק (correct accordingly). Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיחֲרוֹק, אִחֲ׳same. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim the passage cited הויתא א׳ בשינייך thou wast gnashing thy teeth; Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth the passage cited הוות א׳ בשינוי (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חִרְקָא (the preceding) edge, notch. . Chullin 59ᵇ והוא דמיבלע חִירְקַיְיהוּ provided the edges of their horns run irregularly into one another. Shabbath 46ᵃ דאית בה חרקי Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) it has indentations (making the candlestick appear as if composed of movable parts), see חדְקָא. ↗ original
חֲרָקַיָּיא (the preceding) [incisions,]ḥărakaya, a Chaldaic substitute of חֵרֶק which is itself a substitute of חֵרֶם. Nedarim 10ᵇ what are the substitutes of ḥerem? ח׳ חרכייא חרפייא Rashi (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) הר׳; edition חֲרָקִים etc., Hebrew plural of חֵרֶק etc.). ↗ original
חָרַר 1 , Pi. חֵרֵר (see חוֹר I) to break through, to cave. Oholoth 3, 7; Sukkah 20ᵇ חור שחֵרְרוּהוּ מים (or שחֲרָרוּהוּ) a cavity made by water, by animals etc. ↗ original
חֲרַר , to perforate.—participle pass. חֲרִירdischarging (see חָרַיָּא). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 15, 3 חֲ׳ … ית וכ׳ (some edition חָרֵיר participle active) his membrum discharges etc. ↗ original
חָרַר 2 , Pi. חֵרֵר (denominative of חוֹר 2) to set free.—participle pass. מְחוֹרָרfreed, free. Bereshith Rabbah section 14, end (referring to Genesis 2, 7 נפש חיה) עבד מח׳ בפני עצמו וכ׳ (variant reading מכודן, see כָּדַן) a freed slave left to himself for a living.—Kethuboth 51ᵇ; Bava Kamma 95ᵃ המְחוֹרָרִין (נכסים) unencumbered property. [Shaf. שִׁחֲרֵר.] ↗ original
חֲרַר ² , to set free. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 16, 2 אַחְרְרִינָהּ I will liberate her. the same place (ibid.) 3 חֲרַרְתָּהּ (not … תא). the same place (ibid.) 5. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחָרַר, אִיתְחַרto be set free. Targum Leviticus 19, 20. ↗ original
חָרַר 3 [to be rough, excited,] to glow. Pilp. חִרְחֵר, which see ↗ original
חֲרַר ³ , to burn, to be blackened, charred. Targum Psalms 2, 12 יֵיחוֹר. the same place (ibid.) 102, 4. Targum Ezekiel 15, 4, and the following חַר; and elsewhere [. חָרֵירto stir the fire. Avodah Zarah 38ᵇ חָרוּרֵי, see חֲרֵי.] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַרto be heated, dried up. Targum 2 Esther 5, 1. Ithpalp. אִתְחַרְחַרsame. Targum Psalms 69, 4. ↗ original
חֲרָר common gender = next word, a cake. Targum Judges 7, 13 (Hebrew text צליל). Targum I Kings 17, 13 (Hebrew text עגה); and frequently—Pesikta Rabbati section 18 [read:] תמן אמרין עבדין מיניה ח׳ לכלבא ולא טעמיה there (in Babylonia) they say, they made out of it a cake for a dog, but he would not taste it (see Eruvin 81ᵃ); Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Haomer, p. 71ᵇ חֲרָרָה.—plural חֲרָרָן. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 11, 8. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 12, 39 (some edition חֲרִירָן; חרידן, correct accordingly). clot. Vayikra Rabbah section 24 ח׳ דדמא (edition חרדא, חרדה, correct accordingly) a clot of blood. ↗ original
חֲרָרָה (חרר 4) [rounded heap,] a thick cake baked on coals. Kiddushin 59ᵃ, see הָפַךְ (see also Rashi ad loc. (on the passage) a. below). Shabbath 1, 10. Tosefta Chagigah 3, 12; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 3, 79ᵇ, see תָּחַב. Bava Kamma 2, 3 שנטל ח׳ that took a cake (with live coals sticking to it).—plural חֲרָרִין. Betzah 2, 6 (21ᵇ) גריצין וח׳ Babylonian edition, see גְּרִיצָה (Mishnah edition חוֹרִי, Yerushalmi (prefix) edition חֹרִי Biblical Hebrew, collect. noun: cakes); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 61ᶜ bottom of the page (play on חֳרִי, Deuteronomy 29, 23, a. on חֹרִי, Genesis 40, 16). pile of sheaves, temporary stack in the field. Peah 5, 8 לח׳ for the purpose of temporary piling, opposite לגוֹרֶן. [Kiddushin 59ᵃ עני המהפך בח׳ a poor man moving about a stack (waiting for its removal to take up eventually a forgotten sheaf); compare Peah the passage cited; other defin. see הָפַךְ.]—Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 5, end, 19ᵃ, explained ח׳ with גַּלְגַּל a globular heap. חֲרָרַת דם a clot of blood. Bechoroth 3, 1 (21ᵇ). Niddah 66ᵃ; and elsewhere—Tanchuma K’dosh. 9 כחרדת (correct accordingly) a ball of iron ore. Kelim 11, 3 he who makes vessels מן הח׳ of iron ore (before it is smelted). ↗ original
חָרַשׁ 1 (Biblical Hebrew) to engrave, draw, design. Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 16 הלב חוֹרֵשׁ the heart designs. to plough. Makkoth 3, 9 יש חוֹרֵשׁ תלם וכ׳ one may plough one bed and etc. Taanith 29ᵃ וח׳ את העיר Munich manuscript and passed the plough over the city of Jerusalem. Shabbath 7, 2; and frequently—Transferred to have sexual intercourse. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yevamoth 1, 2ᵇ top of the page Bereshith Rabbah section 98; and elsewhere Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְרַשׁto be ploughed over. Taanith 4, 6 נֶחְרְשָׁה העיר the plough was passed over the city of Jerusalem; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָרַשׁ 2Pi. חֵרֵשׁ, חֵי׳ (denominative of חֵרֵשׁ) to deafen, make deaf. Bava Kamma 86ᵃ שחֵירְשׁוֹ וכ׳ when he made him deaf without wounding him. the same place (ibid.) החוֹרֵשׁ את אביו (Manuscript Hamburg a. R. חֵרֵשׁ); the same place (ibid.) 98ᵃ חֵרְשׁוֹ לאביו if one injured his father’s hearing; see חֲרִישָׁה 2. Kiddushin 24ᵇ.—Shabbath 109ᵃ top of the page יד מְחָרֶשֶׁת the unwashed hand put to the ear causes deafness. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחֱרִישׁsame. Bava Kamma 86ᵃ להַחֲרִישׁ, see חֲרִישָׁה 2. (Biblical Hebrew) to be silent. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 9, end. 37ᵃ (referring to Proverbs 17, 28) ואין צ"ל חכם מַחֲרִישׁ and it is needless to say the same of a wise man keeping silence. [Usu. שָׁתַק.] Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחָרֵשׁto become deaf (and dumb). Yevamoth 14, 1; Tosefta Terumoth 1, 1 פיקח ונ׳ if he had been well-hearing and became etc.; see חֵרֵשׁ. ↗ original
חֲרַשׁ (see the preceding words) to be entangled. Targum Job 8, 17. to be choked, obstructed, deaf. Bereshith Rabbah section 81 (proverb) מהולתך חַרְשָׁה וכ׳ if thy sieve is choked, knock at it (when you are forgetful of your duties, the Lord will remind you through affliction); see טְרַשׁ 2. to practice witchcraft. Bereshith Rabbah section 86 באתר דחרשין חֲרִישִׁין where there are sorcerers witchcraft is practiced. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַרֵשׁto entangle, inure. Targum Ezekiel 13, 20 (Hebrew text צדד). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַרֵשׁto be entangled, confounded. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᶜ top (explained תאלמנה, Psalms 31, 19) יִתְחַרְשָׁן וכ׳ may their lips be confounded, crushed, silenced, compare אִלֵּם a. חֵרֵשׁ; Bereshith Rabbah section 1 (correct accordingly) ↗ original
חָרָשׁartist, artisan, carpenter, turner (faber). Devarim Rabbah section 2 לח׳ שהיה וכ׳ like an artist that was making an image etc.—plural חָרָשִׁים. Bereshith Rabbah section 65, end; section 70, see חֲמוֹר; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shekalim, p. 15ᵃ.—Trsnf. scholar. Gittin 88ᵃ (referring to 2 Kings 24, 16) חָ׳ שבשעה … כחֵרְשִׁין the scholars were named ḥarash, for when they opened argument, all were like dumb; Sanhedrin 38ᵃ; Yalkut Shimoni Daniel 1066; and elsewhere—plural as above. Chagigah 14ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 3, 3). ↗ original
חֶרֶשׁ see חֵרֵשׁ) silence. Tanchuma Sh’mini 9 (play on חָרָשׁ, 2 Kings 24, 16) אלו … תפלת ח׳ בלחש וכ׳ḥarash means those who hold silent prayers in murmuring, and yet conquer etc. ↗ original
חֶרֶשׂ ²Ḥeres or Ḥeresh. Avoth 4, 15. Yoma 4ᵇ; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֵרֵשׁ [closed up,] deaf, dumb (compare אִלֵּם); deaf and dumb. Terumoth 1, 2 ח׳ שדברו וכ׳ the ḥeresh of which the scholars speak (in a legal sense) means everywhere deaf and dumb. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ המדבר וכ׳ a ḥeresh that can talk but not hear. Megillah 2, 4 חוץ מח׳ except a deaf person. Sifré Numbers 153 (referring to Numbers 30, 5; 12) להוציא את הח׳ this excludes the case of the father (the husband) being deaf; Nedarim 73ᵃ; and frequently—plural חֵרְשִׁים, חֵרְשִׁין. Chagigah 14ᵃ; Gittin 88ᵃ, see חָרָשׁ. Ruth Rabbah section 2 beginning (referring to חרש, Joshua 2, 1) עשו עצמכם ח׳ pretend to be deaf.—Fem.חֵרֶשֶׁת. Gittin 5, 5. Yevamoth 14, 1; and elsewhere—plural חֵרְשׁוֹת. the same place (ibid.) 3. ↗ original
חַרְשָׁא Targum Exodus 4, 11; and frequently—plural חֵרְשִׁין, חַרְשַׁיָּא. Targum Isaiah 56, 10; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, end, 14ᵈ כל חרשייא טבין וכ׳ variant reading (see כַּדָּבָא) all dumb (silent) persons are good, but those silent (abstaining) from reciting the Law are bad. ↗ original
חָרָשָׁא (see חֶרֶשׁ; compare לַחַשׁ) fascinator, charmer, sorcerer. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 18, 10 (some edition חֲרָשׁ); and elsewhere—Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 6. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page עיסקיה דהדין ח׳ וכ׳ it is the nature of a sorcerer that he can do nothing when lifted from the ground. Berachoth 62ᵃ bottom of the page (in an incantation) לא חַרְשֵׁי דח׳ וכ׳ (variant reading דחָרָשֵׁי … plural, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim a. l, note 8) no charm of a sorcerer or of a sorceress.—plural חָרָשִׁין, חָרָשַׁיָּא, חָרָשֵׁי, חֲרָ׳. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy the passage cited (edition Amsterdam edition חַרְשִׁין). Targum Psalms 58, 6; and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah the passage cited; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 6, 23ᶜ bottom of the page—Fem.חָרָשָׁא חֲרַשְׁתָּא,. Targum Onkelos Exodus 22, 17.—Berachoth the passage cited (variant reading חַרְשִׁיתָא).—5. חַרְשִׁין. ↗ original
חַרְשְׁיוּתָא feminine same. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 22, 17; and elsewhere—5. חֲרוּשְׁתָּא↗ original
חַרְשִׁין , masculine plural sorcery, witchcraft. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 11, 4 (edition Amsterdam edition חֲרָ׳); and frequently—Shabbath 75ᵃ, see אַמְגּוּשְׁתָּא. Berachoth 62ᵃ bottom of the page, see חָרָשָׁא. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 3, 6 לית ח׳ מצלחין וכ׳ (not חרשון) witchcraft has no effect by night. Bereshith Rabbah section 86 ח׳ במצרים sorcery imported to Egypt!, see חֲרַשׁ 3.—Chullin 84ᵇ; Bava Metzia 29ᵇ כסא דח׳ וכ׳ rather drink a cupfull of witchcraft (charmed drink) than of tepid water. Pesachim 110ᵃ, see next word↗ original
חַרְשִׁיתָא (the preceding) sorceress. Berachoth 62ᵃ, see חָרָשָׁא.—plural חַרְשָׁיָין, חַרְשְׁיָיתָא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Chagigah 2, 77ᵈ bottom of the page נשיין ח׳ women practicing witchcraft. Pesachim 110ᵃ נשי ח׳ Rashi (edition נשי דחרשייא, Munich manuscript דחרושתא), see חֲרוּשְׁתָּא. ↗ original
חֶרֶת (חרר 3) soot, sediment of ink, shoe-black. Niddah 2, 7 כח׳; the same place (ibid.) 19ᵃ כחָרוּת; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 3, 11 (not בה׳); explained Niddah 20ᵃ כי חרותא דדיותא, see דְּיוּתָא.—Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 7, 22ᵈ חָרוּתָהּ אש וכ׳ its ink was black fire. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kilayim 9, 32ᵃ top פשתן שצבעו בח׳ (edition בחרם, correct accordingly) linen dyed with blacking (looking like wool). ↗ original
חַרְתָּא 1 Shabbath 104ᵇ; Gittin 19ᵃ, see אוּשְׁכָּפָא. Echah Rabbah to 4, 8. ↗ original
חָשָׁא (or חַשָׁא) masculine (חוּשׁ, חֲשַׁשׁ; compare Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1391) what man has to suffer, predestination, luck.—plural חָשַׁיָּא or חַשַּׁ׳. Echah Rabbah to 1, 16 דחָשַׁיֵּיה קשיי לינוקי hard fates are in store for my child (Matt. K. quotes a version נחשייה, see נַחֲשָׁא). the same place (ibid.) [read:] לא אמרית לך דח׳ קשייא ליה דעל ריגליה חרב בית מקדשא. ↗ original
חֲשָׁאֵי (see Payne Smith, Thesaurus Syriacus 1391) thyme. Shabbath 128ᵃ, explained קורניתא (see Löw Low, Aramaische Pflanzennamen, Leipzig 1881 p. 181). ↗ original
חֲשַׁאי (חָשָׁה) whispering, stillness, secret. Pesachim 56ᵃ להביא בח׳ to offer it to her in secret. the same place (ibid.) שיהו אומרים … בח׳ that they say it in a whisper. Arachin 16ᵃ; Zevachim 88ᵇ; Yoma 44ᵃ דבר שבח׳ something done in secrecy (the offering of frank-incense on the inner altar); מעשה שבח׳ what is committed in secrecy (calumny). Berachoth 15ᵇ; and frequently—plural חֲשָׁאִים. Shekalim 5, 6 לשכת ח׳ the Hall of Secret (donations). ↗ original
חֲשַׁאי ² Targum Psalms 41, 8. Targum Job 4, 16; and elsewhere ↗ original
חָשַׁבto think, intend, plan. Berachoth 6ᵃ; Kiddushin 40ᵃ (referring to Malachi 3, 16) אפי׳ ח׳ אדם וכ׳ even if one only had the intention of doing etc.; Shabbath 63ᵃ חִישֵּׁב (Pi'el).—Tanchuma P’kudé 11 וכשהן חוֹשְׁבִין להעמידו וכ׳ and when they thought they had put it up, it fell apart again. Sotah 35ᵃ אני חֲשַׁבְתִּיהָ … והם חָשְׁבוּ וכ׳ I planned it for their good, but they considered it an evil; and frequently to consider, regard; to count. Berachoth 14ᵃ (referring to Isaiah 2, 22) במה חֲשַׁבְתּוֹ לזה ולא לאלוה with what right didst thou pay thy regard to him and not to God?—Sotah the passage cited, see above. Pesikta Rabbati section 21, see סוֹפִיסְטָא; and frequently to design, trace. Yoma 72ᵇ (referring to חשב a. רקם, Exodus 26, 31ᵃ 36) רוקמין במקום שחוֹשְׁבִין they embroidered over what they had traced.—participle pass. חָשׁוּב fem. חֲשׁוּבָה a) counted, regarded; ח׳ כ־equal to. Echah Rabbah to 1, 5 לא … מדינה ח׳ כלום the country towns were of no account. Nedarim 64ᵇ ח׳ כמת is like dead; the same place (ibid.) חֲשׁוּבִין כמת; Bereshith Rabbah section 71 חֲשׁוּבִים כמתים; and frequently—b) valuable; important; respectable, of high standing. Betzah 3ᵇ ביצה ח׳ an egg is a valuable object. Berachoth 19ᵃ, and frequently אדם ח׳ שאני with a man of high standing it is different. Pesachim 108ᵃ אשה ח׳ a woman of rank. Tanchuma Shmini 9 איש ח׳ שמחשבים וכ׳ a man of standing whom they respected in his place; and frequently Pi'el פִּעֵל חִישֵּׁבsame, to consider, regard; to respect, see above. to account, calculate, figure. Bava Bathra 78ᵇ המְחַשְּׁבִים the thoughtful. Shabbath 150ᵃ. חשבונות … לחַשְּׁבָן וכ׳ accounts of a religious nature may be figured out on the Sabbath. Avoth 2, 1 הוי מְחַשְּׁב וכ׳ count what you sacrifice in doing good, against what you gain thereby. Sanhedrin 65ᵇ המח׳ עתים וכ׳ he who calculates seasons and hours (which are auspicious and which are not). the same place (ibid.) 97ᵇ מְחַשְּׁבֵי קיצין those who make calculations (from Biblical verses) as to when the Messiah will come; and frequently—[Shabbath 150ᵇ top מותר לחוֹשְׁבָן (Kal), Munich manuscript לחַשְּׁ׳.]—5. חֶשְׁבּוֹן. (supply (understood word) מחשבה זרה) to have in mind an undue intention in the performance of a sacrificial ceremony. Yoma 48ᵃ חי׳ בחפינת וכ׳ if he had an undue intention when grasping the frankincense (e.g. to offer it tomorrow). the same place (ibid.)ᵇ; and frequently Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַשֵּׁב,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַשֵּׁבto be counted. Oholoth 1, 3 אין האהל מִתְחַשֵּׁב the tent is not counted (as a special item). Yalkut Shimoni Numbers 768 מתח׳ לנו will be counted against us (be deducted from our share). Mikvaoth 3, 3 עד שיִתְחַשֵּׁב וכ׳ until it is calculated that all the original water has run off. Pesikta Rabbati section 44 the former sins אינן מִתְחַשְּׁבוֹת לו וכ׳ are not counted or remembered to him. to be considered, believed to be. Tanchuma Masé 5, see כַּזְבָּן. to occupy a high position. Shevi'ith 8, 11 אם מתחשב הוא (Munich manuscript כמ׳, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note) if he (is like one who) holds a high position. to conspire (with the Romans). Tosefta Avodah Zarah 2, 7 ואם מתחשב וכ׳ but when he (the Israelite besieging a city) does it as an ally (in the Roman interest), he is forbidden (to conduct the siege); Avodah Zarah 18ᵇ ובלבד שלא יִתְחַשֵּׁב עמהם provided he does not conspire with them; ואם נתח׳ וכ׳ (Munich manuscript יתח׳); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 40ᵃ מתחשד (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חֲשֵׁב Targum Genesis 50, 20. Targum Esther 8, 3; and frequently—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Beshallach, p. 82ᵃ (translating Exodus 18, 11ᵇ) במחשבה דחַשְׁבוּן איתחשב להון what they had planned (against Israel) was planned against them. Shabbath 3ᵃ קא חֲשִׁיב he counts in; and frequently—participle pass. חָשִׁיב, pl.חֲשִׁיבִין = Hebrew חָשׁוּב, see the preceding Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Exodus 4, 19; and frequently—Kethuboth 8ᵇ ח׳ את וכ׳ thou hast been found worthy to be seized (to suffer) for etc. Gittin 56ᵇ מאן ח׳ וכ׳ who is highly esteemed in that world (the hereafter)?; and frequently Pa'el פִּעֵל חַשֵּׁיבsame, to plan, to count, calculate. Targum Jeremiah 21, 11.—Targum Onkelos Leviticus 25, 27; and frequently—Megillah 11ᵇ חַשִּׁיב ועייל וכ׳ count, and include in their place etc. Pesachim 94ᵃ דקא חַשְּׁבֵי דקדמא וכ׳ because they also counted the distances which one walks before dawn and after sunset. Shabbath 74ᵃ וליחַשֵּׁב וכ׳ let him also count the act of pounding; the same place (ibid.) 6ᵇ; and elsewhere ולִחְשׁוֹב (Pe.); and frequently [Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, end, 31ᶜ מחשבנא see חֲשַׂךְ.] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַשֵּׁב,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְחֲשַׁבאִיחֲשַׁבto be planned. Targum Onkelos Genesis 50, 20.—Pesikta d'Rav Kahana the passage cited, see above. to be considered, valued. Targum Leviticus 17, 4. Targum Psalms 50, 23; and frequently—[Targum Proverbs 29, 11 מֵיחֲשַׁב manuscript (edition Lagarde edition מחשב, variant reading מאשב) is respected (see Pesh. ad loc. (on the passage); edition Vilna edition מאכה see מְאַךְ).] ↗ original
חֶשְׁבּוֹןthe preceding words) account, sum; accountability; punishment and reward. Bava Bathra 9ᵇ ח׳ גדול sum total. the same place (ibid.) 78ᵇ (play on Ḥeshbon, Numbers 21, 27; 30) באו ונחשב חֶשְׁבּוֹנוֹ וכ׳ come and let us examine the account of the world (human affairs), the loss etc. the same place (ibid.) אבד ח׳ וכ׳ the accountability of the world is gone (there is no reward or punishment). Shemoth Rabbah section 51, beginning, and frequently ליתן ח׳ to render an account. Tosefta Bava Kamma 10, 21 מה ח׳ עשה וכ׳ how our father settled with yon; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 10, 7ᵇ bottom of the page—Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 2, 42ᵃ top ח׳ מים וכ׳ he understands the calculation of the action of the water. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ גדול הוא this is a great thing to calculate; and frequently promptness in business. Devarim Rabbah section 4 איני מכיר חֶשְׁבּוֹנְךָ I do not know your way of settling (whether you are prompt); the same place (ibid.) עשית לי ח׳ טוב you paid me promptly. [Yalkut Shimoni Deuteronomy 808 הח׳ read בעל הח׳market commissioner.]—plural חֶשְׁבּוֹנוֹת. Shabbath 150ᵃ, and the following, see חָשַׁב. Bechoroth 5ᵃ בקי בח׳ a good arithmetician. ↗ original
חָשַׁד (compare חָשָׁה) [to whisper,] to suspect (compare דּוּם a. דִּימָה). Yoma 19ᵇ, and elsewhere החוֹשֵׁד בכשרים he who entertains a suspicion against worthy men. the same place (ibid.) חֲשָׁדוּהוּ (ב)צדוקי they suspected him of being a Sadducee. Shabbath 127ᵇ במה חֲשַׁדְתַּנִי whereof did you suspect me?—the same place (ibid.) 118ᵇ; Moed Katan 18ᵇ מי שחוֹשְׁדִין וכ׳ whom people suspect without cause; and frequently—participle passive חָשׁוּד, feminine חֲשׁוּדָה; plural חֲשׁוּדִים, חֲשׁוּדִין; חֲשׁוּדוֹת. Demai 3, 5, see חָלַף. Eruvin 69ᵃ ח׳ לדבר אחד ח׳ וכ׳ one who is suspected of neglecting one religious law, is suspected of disregarding the whole Law; Bechoroth 30ᵇ. the same place (ibid.) 30ᵃ ח׳ על השביעית suspected of ignoring the laws of the Sabbatical year. Shevuoth 32ᵇ, and frequently ח׳ על השבועה suspected of swearing falsely (not admitted to oaths). Yerushalmi (prefix) Taanith 3, beginning 66ᵇ מפני פרנסת ח׳ for the sustenance of those suspected (of neglecting the laws of the Sabbatical year); and frequently Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְשַׁדto be suspected. Berachoth 31ᵇ (referring to I Samuel 1, 16) מבאן לנ׳ בדבר וכ׳ from this we learn that he who is unjustly suspected, must make it known (clear himself). Bechoroth 30ᵇ; Avodah Zarah 39ᵃ עד שיֵחָשְׁדוּ until there is reason to suspect them of neglecting the observances of the associates (see חָבֵר); and frequently—[Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 40ᵃ מתחשד, see חָשַׁב.] ↗ original
חֲשַׁד Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 24, 9.—Shabbath 118ᵇ לדידי חַשְׁדָּן וכ׳ they suspected me without cause; and frequently—participle passive חָשִׁיד. Berachoth 5ᵇ ומי חֲשִׁידְנָא וכ׳ am I suspected by you (of doing wrong)?; ומי ח׳ קב"ה וכ׳ can the Lord be suspected of injustice?, see דִּינָא. Shevuoth 32ᵇ דח׳ מאן which of the contestants is suspected (of swearing falsely)?; and frequently Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְחֲשַׁדto be suspected. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 21, 3. ↗ original
חָשֵׁד (the preceding words) suspected.—plural חֲשֵׁדִים; construct state חֲשֵׁדֵי. Pesachim 85ᵃ ח׳ כהונה the suspected among the priesthood, i.e. priests suspected of wilfully unfitting a sacrifice in order to spite the owner. ↗ original
חֲשָׁד (the preceding words) suspicion. מפני הח׳to avoid suspicion. Shabbath 23ᵇ מפני הח׳ (Tosefta Peah 1, 6 מפני מראית העין) to avoid suspicion (as if he appropriated to himself the poor man’s share). Yoma 30ᵃ; and frequently ↗ original
חֲשָׁדָא Chagigah 5ᵃ מייתי לה לידי ח׳ exposes her to suspicion.—משום ח׳ to avoid suspicion. Berachoth 43ᵇ; and frequently— ↗ original
חָשׁוּךְdark, black. Avodah Zarah 8ᵃ, see חָשַׁךְ.—plural חֲשׁוּכִּים, כִּין …; feminine חֲשׁוּכּוֹת. Bechoroth 7, 5 (explained מרוח אשך, Leviticus 21, 20) שמראיו ח׳ whose complexion is very dark. Yalkut Shimoni Exodus 258 פנים ח׳ dark (frowning) countenance; Mechilta Beshallach, Vayassa, section 2 חֲשֵׁכוֹת. obscured, benighted. Pesikta Rabbati section 6, beginning (referring to Proverbs 22, 29) פרעה הח׳ Pharaoh, the benighted.—plural as ab. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1 (referring to Proverbs the passage cited) לפני ח׳ אלו הרשעים ‘before the benighted’ that means the wicked. ↗ original
חֲשׁוֹךְ Chaldaic (Aramaic) same, dark. Targum Amos 5, 20. (חֲשַׁךְ 2) lean, reduced, poor. see חֲשִׁיךְ 2. ↗ original
חֲשׁוֹךְ ² (the preceding) darkness. Targum Exodus 10, 21, and the following; and frequently—Targum Ezekiel 13, 18, see רְקִיעָא 2.—Pesachim 34ᵇ ארעא דח׳ a land of darkness (fogs). Chagigah 12ᵇ bottom of the page ומי איכא ח׳ וכ׳ is there darkness before the Lord?; and frequently—plural חֲשׁוֹכַיָּא. Targum Psalms 88, 7. charred wick, snuff. Betzah 32ᵃ עדויי ח׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition חוּשְׁכָּא). see מָחַט. ↗ original
חשוף , Tanchuma P’kudé 3, some edition (other edition חצוף), read סָחוּף, see סָחַף↗ original
חשי (Biblical Hebrew) [to whisper,] be silent, quiet (compare דום, דמם). participle (frequently חוּשׁ) חָשׁ, feminine חָשָׁה, plural חָשׁוֹת. Chagigah 12ᵇ אומרות … וחשות ביום וכ׳ say praise by night, and are silent by day. the same place (ibid.) 13ᵇ (play on חׄשׄמׄלׄ) חיות עתים חׄשׄות … ממׄלׄלות Munich manuscript Ḥayoth (see חַיָּה I end) who at times are silent etc. ↗ original
חֲשִׁיsame. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 1, 39ᵇ top חֲשִׁי דמלכא וכ׳ hush, for the king wants it so (desires to be worshipped in the form of a calf).be worshipped in the form of a calf). (= חוּשׁ) to feel, suffer, see חוּשׁ Chaldaic (Aramaic) ↗ original
חֲשִׁיבָא (חֲשַׁב) prominent person, notable. . Gittin 58ᵃ ח׳ דרומאי the Roman notables. the same place (ibid.) 56ᵇ [read:] ואימנו להו ח׳ דר׳ לאותיבך וכ׳ and the Roman nobility resolved to place thee at their head; Yalkut Shimoni Proverbs 953. ↗ original
חֲשִׁיבוּתָא (the preceding) importance, value. Bava Bathra 146ᵃ ח׳ דא"י edition (Munich manuscript a. F., Rashb. שְׁבָחָא) the valuableness of Palestine (for its fertility). ↗ original
חֲשִׁיךְ (חֲשַׁךְ 1) dark, black. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 21, 20 חזוייה ח׳ Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word חז whose complexion is very dark (see חָשׁוּךְ; edition פחדוי וכ׳).—Fem.חֲשִׁיכָא, plural חֲשִׁיכַן. Targum Lamentations 5, 17. ↗ original
חֲשִׁיךְ ² (חֲשַׁךְ 2) lean, poor; luckless (interch. with: חֲשׁוֹךְ, חֲשׁוֹכָא). Targum Ezekiel 18, 12. Targum 2 Samuel 13, 4. Targum Psalms 72, 13; and frequently—Echah Rabbah to 1, 5 ולמה ח׳ כן and why is he so reduced?—the same place (ibid.) to 3, 20 (proverb) עד דשמינא חשיך חשיכא מיית Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (Var כחיש כחישא; edition … קטין … דקטינא …) while the fat one becomes lean, the lean one is dead (retribution to the oppressor comes too late). Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 22, 7, see חַי Chaldaic (Aramaic)—plural חֲשִׁיכַיָּא, חֲשׁוּכַּ׳. Targum Jeremiah 52, 15, and the following—Sukkah 44ᵇ לחשוכיא (Munich manuscript 2 לחסיניא, read לחֲסִיכַ׳) to the poor.—Fem.חֲשִׁיכָא, חֲשִׁיכְתָּא. Targum Isaiah 54, 11.—plural חֲשִׁיכַן, חֲשִׁיכָתָא. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Genesis 41, 19, sq; see חֲסִיךְ. ↗ original
חֲשֵׁיכָהdarkness, nightfall. Shabbath 2, 7 עם ח׳ near nightfall. the same place (ibid.) ספק ח׳ וכ׳ if it is doubtful whether or not night has set in; and frequently—plural חֲשֵׁכוֹת (adjective), see חָשׁוּךְ. ↗ original
חֲשִׁיכָה (see חָשַׁךְ IHif'il) awaiting the nightfall (on the Sabbath), approaching the Sabbath limit in day-time and waiting there for the night for the transaction of business. Shabbath 151ᵃ רשאי אני בחֲשִׁיכָתוֹ (Mishnah להחשיך עליו) I am permitted to take the preliminary steps for it before nightfall. ↗ original
חֲשִׁילָא common gender (חֲשַׁל) mashed.—plural fem. חֲשִׁילָתָא. Chullin 93ᵃ bottom of the page ביעי ח׳ mashed testicles (undevelopped). ↗ original
חֲשִׁילְתָּא (the preceding; see חוּשְׁלָא) a brew made of peeled and pounded fruits, see טְרִימָּא. Berachoth 38ᵃ ח׳ (ודאי) קאמרת (Manuscript Florence ח׳ דתמרי, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note; Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) חלישתא, incorr.) (by trimma) you (surely) mean a brew of ground dates. ↗ original
חֲשִׂיפָה (חָשַׂף, see חֲסַף I) stripping, uncovering. Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᵃ top חֲשִׂיפַת זרועו the baring of His arm (Isaiah 52, 10). paring, shavings used for basket work. Tosefta Kilayim 3, 14 הח׳ variant reading (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) השופה); Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 5, end, 30ᵃ השיפה. Tosefta Tohoroth 11, 16 של ח׳ quoted by R. section to Tohoroth 10, 8 (edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) של השיפה) basket work made of shavings; Avodah Zarah 75ᵃ של שיפה (edition Pesachim חש׳). Sukkah 20ᵃ מחצלת של ח׳ Munich manuscript (edition שיפה) matting made of etc.; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 1, 10 שיהופא edition Zuckermandel (Tosefta ed.) (variant reading חשופא, other edition חשי׳). ↗ original
חֲשִׁיקָה (חָשַׁק) pleasure, favor, use of the rootחָשַׁק. Bereshith Rabbah section 80, and elsewhere; see חֲפִיצָה. ↗ original
חֲשַׂךְ (see חָסַךְ) to spare, withhold. Targum Proverbs 13, 24 חָשֵׂךְ, חָשֵׂיךְ (participle). the same place (ibid.) 17, 27. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְשַׂךְto deduct. Yerushalmi (prefix) Pesachim 4, end, 31ᶜ מַחְשַׂכְנָא (not מחשב׳), see גּוֹדְלָנָא. ↗ original
חָשַׁךְ [to be pressed, thick,] to be dark. Shabbath 34ᵃ; 51ᵃ משחָשְׁכָה; the same place (ibid.) 4, 2 משתֶּחְשַׁךְ when it darkens (at nightfall, see חֲשֵׁיכָה). Sanhedrin 22ᵃ עולם ח׳ בעדו the world around him is dark; Avodah Zarah 8ᵃ (some edition חָשׁוּךְ). Berachoth 16ᵇ אל יֶחְשְׁכוּ וכ׳ let not our eyes be obscured; and frequently 5. חָשׁוּךְ. Hif'il הִפְעִיל הֶחְשִׁיךְto be overtaken by (the Sabbath) nightfall. Shabbath 24, 1 מי שה׳ בדרך he who is on the road at nightfall (on Friday). to wait for the nightfall, to make preparations to be ready for work on the exit of the Sabbath, see חֲשִׁיכָה. the same place (ibid.) 23, 3 אין מַחְשִׁיכִין על וכ׳ you must not, during the day, walk to the extreme end of the Sabbath limit to await the night there for the purpose of hiring workmen etc.; אבל מַחְשִׁיךְ הוא וכ׳ but one may do so for the purpose of going at nightfall to watch his field, and then he may also take his fruits home. the same place (ibid.) להַחְשִׁיךְ עליו to await the night at the Sabbath limit for the purpose of doing it. the same place (ibid.) 4; and frequently to darken, obscure. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 1 (referring to חשכים, Proverbs 22, 29) that is Potifar שה׳ הקב"ה וכ׳ whose eyes the Lord darkened etc. Shemoth Rabbah section 51 (referring to חשכה, Genesis 15, 12) that is Media שהֶחְשִׁיכָה וכ׳ who made Israel’s eyes dim (with tears) by her decrees. Pesikta Rabbati section 47 (referring to Job 38, 2) הֶחְשַׁכְתָּ וכ׳ (not החשב׳) thou hast obscured the council which I held in heavens (when the Lord vouched for Job’s integrity); and frequently to become dark. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 18, 12 (referring to the versions חשכת, Psalms the passage cited, and חשרת 2 Samuel 22, 12) when the clouds are laden with the waters, הן מַחְשִׁיכִין מן המים וכ׳ they receive a dark color from the waters, and afterwards they drop them as through a sieve. ↗ original
חֲשַׁךְ Targum Job. 18, 6. Targum Exodus 10, 15; and frequently—Taanith 10ᵃ חֲשׁוּךְ ענני וכ׳ when the clouds are dark, they contain much water. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַשֵּׁיךְto darken, obscure. Targum Psalms 105, 28; and elsewhere to do something at night, to be late. Tamid 27ᵇ חַשֵּׁיךְ תקין נפשך וכ׳ at bed-time attend to thy body, and in the morning etc. Berachoth 8ᵃ מקדמי ומְחַשְּׁכֵי וכ׳ they go to Synagogue early and late. the same place (ibid.) קדימו וחַשִּׁיכוּ ועיילו וכ׳ (Munich manuscript ואַחְשִׁיכוּ, Af'el, see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) go ye early and late to etc. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 28, 65, see מַחַשְׁכָן. Af'el הִפְעִיל אַחְשִׁיךְto obscure. Targum Job 38, 2; and elsewhere to do something late. Targum I Samuel 17, 16.—Berachoth the passage cited, see above. Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיתְחֲשַׁךְ, אַיחֲשַׁךְto grow dark. Targum Psalms 69, 24; and elsewhere—Sanhedrin 96ᵃ עד דאתא איח׳ by the time he came it had grown dark. ↗ original
חֲשַׁךְ ² (compare חסך) to be reduced, lean. Targum Psalms 31, 11 (Hebrew text עששו, see Rashi ad loc. (on the passage)) Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִיתְחֲשַׁךְsame. Targum Job 33, 21 manuscript (edition שפיין). ↗ original
חשֶׁךְdarkness. Shemoth Rabbah section 14. Chagigah 12ᵃ; and very frequently—הָרֵי ח׳ Dark Mountains, behind which the Amazons live (Amazonici Mountes, see Sm. Class. Dictionary under the word). Vayikra Rabbah section 27; Pesikta d'Rav Kahana Shor, p. 74ᵃ; Tamid 32ᵃ. [The Jewish legend relating the meeting of Alexander the Great with the Amazons seems to point to Africa, see קרטגינא). ↗ original
חֶשְׁכָּא Targum Psalms 18, 29 (manuscript חבריא, see הַבִירָא); Targum 2 Samuel 22, 29 (edition Lagarde edition חֲשׁוֹכָא). Targum Psalms 88, 13 חֲשַׁךְ, construct state (manuscript חֲשׁוֹךְ).—5. חַשְׁכּוּתָא. ↗ original
חַשְׁכּוּתָא (the preceding words) dimness, darkness. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 28, 65 (edition Vienna edition חַשְׁכַּת). ↗ original
חֲשֵׁכְתָּאsame. Targum Onkelos Deuteronomy 28, 65, see the preceding—plural חֲשֵׁכָתָא. Bava Metzia 30ᵇ בקדמתא ובח׳ every early morning or every evening after dark. ↗ original
חָשַׁלto scrape off, polish; to reduce. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִישֵּׁלto crush, batter. Koheleth Rabbah to 1, 6 the Lord מְחַשְּׁלוֹ בהרים breaks it (the vehemence of the wind) through the mountains; (Vayikra Rabbah 15; Bereshith Rabbah section 24 מרשלו; Yerushalmi (prefix) Berachoth 9, 13ᶜ bottom of the page מכשלו). Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְשָׁלto be crushed. Sifré Deuteronomy 296 (referring to נחשלים, Deuteronomy 25, 18) שנמכו … ונֶחְשְׁלוּ מתחת וכ׳ who have been crushed out of the ways of the Lord and battered away from under the protection of etc. ↗ original
חֲשַׁלto furbish, forge, hammer. Daniel 2, 40.—Avodah Zarah 16ᵃ דחַשְׁלֵי מינייהו וכ׳ Munich manuscript, see חֲלַשׁ.—Transferred to plan, design (corresp. to Biblical Hebrew חרש a. חשב). Targum Psalms 36, 5. Targum Proverbs 14, 22; and frequently to peel, pound grits, see חוּשְׁלָא.—5. חֲשִׁילָא. Pa'el פִּעֵל חַשֵּׁילsame, especially to plan. Targum Psalms 21, 12, and frequently manuscript (edition Pe.). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Deuteronomy 1, 12. ↗ original
חַשְׁלָא (the preceding) furbisher, smith.—plural construct state חַשְׁלֵי. Kethuboth 77ᵃ (explained מצרף נחשת. Mishnah) ח׳ דודי kettle smiths. ↗ original
חַשְׁמוֹנַאי n. gent. masculine Asmonean, Hasmonean, family name of Mattathias the priest and his descendants (Maccabean dynasty). Middoth 1, 6 בני ח׳ the sons of the Asmonean (Judah and his brothers). Shabbath 21ᵇ מלכות בית ח׳ the government of the Asmonean house. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 93, beginning (edition Buber edition plur.). Sotah 49ᵇ; Menachoth 64ᵇ; Bava Kamma 82ᵇ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage)) מלכי בית the kings of the Asmonean house (Hyrcan and Aristobulus).—plural חַשְׁמוֹנָאִים. Bava Kamma the passage cited (some edition).—[Chald. Targum I Samuel 2, 4. Targum Song of Songs 6, 7 (some edition נָאֵי …, plural).] ↗ original
חַשְׁמַל compare חָסַם 2; see Ges. H. Dictionary10 under the word) a glittering substance; amber or galena (?). Chagigah 13ᵃ עד הח׳ including the verse in which ḥashmal appears (Ezekiel 1, 27). the same place (ibid.) היה מבין בח׳ was speculating on the meaning of ḥashmal; ויצאה אש מח׳ and fire came out of the ḥashmal. the same place (ibid.), and the following מהו חׄשׄמׄלׄ חׄיות אשׄ מְמַ֗לְּ֗לוֹתḤayoth (see חַיָּה) speaking fire; see חָשָׁה. ↗ original
חַשְׁמָל Targum Ezekiel 1, 4; and elsewhere—Chagigah 13ᵃ ↗ original
חָשַׁק (Biblical Hebrew) to press, tie, surround. Avodah Zarah 35ᵃ (referring to Song of Songs 1, 2) חֲשׁוֹק שׂפתותיך זו בזו press thy lips together and be not too hasty in replying.—2) (compare חָפַץ) to be attached to, in love with; to elect. Tosefta Yevamoth 8, 4 חָשְׁקָה … בתורה my soul has chosen the Law (as bride); Yevamoth 63ᵇ. Chullin 89ᵃ (referring to Deuteronomy 7, 7) חוֹשְׁקַנִי בכם I elected you. ↗ original
חֲשַׁק , to bandage, saddle, harness. Targum 2 Samuel 19, 27.—participle passive חָשֵׁיק, plural חֲשִׁיקִין, feminine חֲשִׁיקַן. Targum Judges 19, 10. the same place (ibid.) 5, 10. ↗ original
חָשַׁר [(compare חֲשַׁךְ 2 a. חָשַׁל) to peel, whence חֲשָׁרָהan implement for removing peels, sieve, from which חָשַׁר] to sift, distil drops as if through a sieve. Midrash Tehillim to Psalms 18, 12, see חָשַׁךְ. the same place (ibid.) אדם נוטל כברה וחוֹשֵׁר … אצבעות וכ׳ a man takes a sieve and lets (a liquid) down a height of two or three fingers; before it comes down to the ground, the drops will be mixed up; Yalkut Shimoni Samuel 160.—Bereshith Rabbah section 13 וחוֹשְׁרִים אותו כמין כברה and they (the clouds) distil it (the rain) as if from a sieve; Yalkut Shimoni Genesis 20; Yalkut Shimoni Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 967. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִישֵּׁרsame. Taanith 9ᵇ מנוקבות … ומְחַשְּׁרוֹת they (the clouds) are perforated like a sieve and distil water to the ground. ↗ original
חֲשַׁר , to sift. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 7, 10ᵇ bottom of the page הן דח׳ וכ׳ he who (on the Sabbath) sifts powder of gypsum etc. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 1, 71ᵇ top מכיון שהוא מרחיק ואת ח׳ וכ׳ because its meshes are wide and you may sift flour through it; Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 4, beginning 38ᶜ, see זוֹסְמָא. ↗ original
חָשַׁשׁ (see חוּשׁ) to feel heavy, feel pain. Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 4, 8ᶜ top החוֹשֵׁשׁ אזנו he who has ear-ache. Esther Rabbah to 1, 1 (play on אחׄשׄורׄוש) who ever thinks of him חׄוֹשֵֹׁשׁ את רׄאשׄו gets a head-ache; and elsewhere—(Mostly with ב). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 5, 2 אם חושש … בראשו if one of the twins has a head-ache; and frequently to apprehend, take into consideration. Pesachim 1, 2 אין חוֹשְׁשִׁין שמא וכ׳ we do not take into consideration that perhaps a weasel etc. Tosefta Chullin 3, 24 ואין ח׳ שמא של וכ׳ and we need not hesitate to use them for fear that they may be eggs of etc.; Chullin 63ᵇ אין ח׳ לא משום וכ׳. Shabbath 16, 7; 22, 3 חוֹשְׁשַׁנִי לו מחטאת I am afraid he has committed a sin which requires a sin-offering to atone for; and frequently ↗ original
חֲשַׁשׁto suffer. Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 82ᵈ top פומיה הוא ח׳ he has an ailing on his mouth (and therefore ties it up). Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 2, 16 ועבד ח׳ וכ׳ and continued suffering with fever for three years; and frequently to be affected, troubled; to care, apprehend. Targum Proverbs 28, 17 דחָשֵׁישׁ וכ׳ he who is troubled (feels compunction) about blood-guiltiness (Hebrew text עשק); and elsewhere—Yerushalmi (prefix) Moed Katan 3, 81ᵈ bottom of the page צריך את חשש על נפשך thou must mind the excommunication for thy soul’s sake. the same place (ibid.) חַשׁ על נפשיה he minded the excommunication. the same place (ibid.) וחַשּׁוּן אילין על אילין they minded each the other’s excommunication. Kethuboth 26ᵇ במֵיחַשׁ לזילותא וכ׳ they differ as to providing against the disregard of the court; and frequently (interch. with חוּשׁ)—[ (= חֲשָׁא) to whisper, hiss. Targum Jeremiah 6, 29 חַשׁ (edition Vilna edition חֲשָׁא).] Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִיתְחֲשַׁשׁ, אִיחֲ׳to become sick. Shir HaShirim Rabbah the passage cited אתח׳ ר׳ חנינא (variant reading אִחֲ׳; edition Vilna edition אתשש, correct accordingly). Palp. חַשְׁחֵשׁto feel. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Numbers 11, 12. to care for. Targum Psalms 141, 1 Regia (edition חִישׁ). ↗ original
חֲשָׁשָׁא (the preceding) anxiety, fear, suspicion. Targum Ecclesiastes (Koheleth) 2, 25.—Yoma 83ᵇ אימר דאמרי אנא ח׳ וכ׳ (Munich manuscript למֵיחַשׁ, see the preceding) what I said (that a name was an omen) was meant only as an apprehension, but I did not mean it as a certainty. Bechoroth 36ᵃ אימר דאמר ר"מ לח׳ what R. M. said, was meant as an apprehension (worth investigating), but not to make one legally disqualified. the same place (ibid.) ח׳ הוא it is merely a suspicion, ובמקום ח׳ וכ׳ and against such a doubt, we may argue that he had no reason to tell a falsehood. Niddah 17ᵇ אי בתר ח׳ וכ׳ if you are guided by a doubt, opposite חֲזָקָה; and frequently ↗ original
חָתוּל (see Fleisher, appendix to Levys Targumic or Talmudic Lexicon to Levy Targum Dictionary 1, p. 4261) cat. Bava Kamma 80ᵇ. Horayoth 13ᵃ. Bechoroth 8ᵃ; and frequently—plural חֲתוּלִים, … לִין; feminine חֲתוּלוֹת. Bava Kamma 80ᵃ, and the following; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) 8, 17. Horayoth the passage cited מפני מה ח׳ … בעכברים Munich manuscript a. Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note; edition הכל) why have the cats been given power over the mice?—Koheleth Rabbah to 6, 11. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 7, 2 ומצא הח׳ מקורעות לפניהם and found the cats lying torn in front of the chickens; Yerushalmi (prefix) Peah 3, 17ᵈ top of the page ↗ original
חָתוֹמָא (חֲתִם) signer, witness.—plural חָתוֹמַיָּיא. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 9, 50ᶜ bottom of the page יהב רשו … ולח׳ וכ׳ (not ולחתימייא) gave permission to the scribe to write and to the witnesses to sign. ↗ original
חתי , (see נחת); Hif'ilהֶחֱתִי(א) to put down, rest. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 5, 42ᵇ bottom of the page יחליף … ויַחֲתִי let him change hands … and set (the pan) down. the same place (ibid.) אם ה׳ מימינו וכ׳ if he set it down from his right towards his left side. ↗ original
חֲתֵיAf'elאַחֲתֵיsame. Yoma 47ᵃ ונַחְתְיָהּ למחתה וכ׳ (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) notes 3, 4) and let him put the pan on top of it. 5. נְחַת. ↗ original
חתי ² (Biblical Hebrew) to dig, esp. to take coals out with a pan. Yoma 4, 4 בכל יום היה חוֹתֶה וכ׳ every other day the priest used to take coals out in a silver pan etc. Shabbath 8, 7 כדי לַחְתּוֹת בו את האור large enough to take fire out in it. Zevachim 64ᵃ; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᶜ bottom of the page צריך לחות (read לחתות) he must take coals out as before. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיתָּהto stir embers, rake. Shabbath 34ᵇ שמא יְחַתֶּה בגחלים he might rake the coals under the ashes. [Chullin 27ᵃ, see חָתַת]. ↗ original
חֲתִי Targum Isaiah 30, 14.—participle חָאתֵי. Targum Proverbs 25, 22 edition Lagarde edition (other edition חָתֵי).— Pa'el פִּעֵל חַתֵּיto stir. Avodah Zarah 38ᵇ וחַתֵּה בה חַתּוּיֵי edition (see Rabbinovicz, Dikduke Soferim ad loc. (on the passage) note 8), see חֲרֵי. ↗ original
חֲתִיָיה (the preceding words) taking coals out in a pan. Yerushalmi (prefix) Yoma 4, 41ᶜ bottom of the page Babylonian the same place (ibid.) 48ᵇ חישב בחֲתִיַית וכ׳ if he entertained an undue thought on taking coals from the altar. ↗ original
חֲתִיכָה (חָתַךְ) cutting. Eruvin 103ᵃ, see יַבֶּלֶת. Chullin 31ᵇ, see זְבִיחָה. a piece (of meat), portion (compare נֵתַח, מָנָה). the same place (ibid.) 7, 5 ח׳ של דג וכ׳ a portion of an unclean fish. the same place (ibid.) 100ᵃ שאני ח׳ הואיל וכ׳ with an entire piece the case is different, because it is fit to be offered to guests; and frequently—plural חֲתִיכוֹת. the same place (ibid.) 7, 5. Kerith. 17ᵇ חתיכה משתי ח׳ a doubt as to one piece out of two (of which one was forbidden and one allowed, and it is unknown which he ate); and frequently ↗ original
חֲתִימָה (חָתַם) signature, stamp, mark. Gittin 87ᵃ bottom of the page ודידעינן בהא ח׳ וכ׳ when we know about that signature that it is not Jacob’section the same place (ibid.) 2, 4 עד … וחֲתִימָתוֹ בתלוש unless it was written and signed on a movable material (see חָבַר). Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2, 26ᶜ top על חֲתִימַת העד וכ׳ to identify the signature of the second witness. Bava Bathra 89ᵇ כיון דלא חזי ח׳ Munich manuscript (edition אי לא חזי ח׳, Manuscript Hamburg עד דחזי חתמא) since he does not see the official stamp on the measure; and frequently—Transferred חֲתִימַת זָקָןthe mature manly expression which the beard gives, full manhood. Bava Metzia 39ᵇ; Yevamoth 88ᵃ; Bereshith Rabbah section 91; and elsewhere—[Targum Song of Songs 3, 8 חֲתִימַת מִילָה the seal of the covenant.]—plural חֲתִימוֹת. Kethuboth 21ᵇ ח׳ ידי העדים the signatures (handwritings) of the witnesses; and elsewhere (see חִיתּוּם) the concluding clause of a prayer. Pesachim 104ᵃ צריך … ח׳ סמוך לחֲתִימָתוֹ he must use expressions corresponding to the closing formula immediately before the latter. locking up, obstruction. Niddah 43ᵇ, and frequently (with referring to Leviticus 15, 3) חֲתִימַת פי האמה the filling up of the aperture of the membrum (with mucus). ↗ original
חֲתִימוּתָאsame. Kethuboth 21ᵃ אסהד אחֲתִימוּת ידיה וכ׳ he testified to (identified) his own signature etc.—Bava Bathra 167ᵃ חַתְמוּת ידא (Munich manuscript חֲתִימַת). Gittin 66ᵇ, see חֲתַם.—plural חֲתִימָתָא. Kethuboth 21ᵇ חֲתִימַת ידייהו. ↗ original
חתימייא , Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 9, 50ᶜ bottom of the page, see חָתוֹמָא↗ original
חֲתִירָה (חָתַר) breach, opening made by digging. Bereshith Rabbah section 76 וחתר לו הקב"ה ח׳ וכ׳ and the Lord created an opening for him etc. Ruth Rabbah to 2, 14; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin, 10, 28ᶜ bottom of the page, see חָתַר. Ruth Rabbah the passage cited צווחין לח׳ עתירה, see next word↗ original
חֲתִירְתָּא Vayikra Rabbah section 30; Bereshith Rabbah section 63 (referring to 2 Chronicles 33, 13; Genesis 25, 21) בערביא קירין לח׳ עתירתא in Arabia they say for ḥăthirta (breach) ʿăthirta; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᶜ bottom of the page לחֲתַרְתָּה עתרתה …; Ruth Rabbah to 2, 14, see the preceding—plural חֲתִירָן. Yerushalmi (prefix) Maʿǎser Sheni 5, 55ᵈ bottom of the page אתעביד … ח׳ בתים (strike out בתים) three hundred robberies by breaking in were committed; Bereshith Rabbah section 27 חוּתְרִין masculine plural; Yalkut Shimoni Job 909 (correct accordingly). ↗ original
חָתַךְ (Biblical Hebrew) to cut, dissect; to sever. Chullin 33ᵃ חוֹתֵךְ כזית וכ׳ cuts out flesh of the size of an olive. the same place (ibid.) 32ᵃ ח׳ דלעת וכ׳ if in slaughtering he cut a pumpkin at the same time. the same place (ibid.) 48ᵇ and elsewhere חוֹתְכָהּ מכאן וכ׳ he amputates on one place and the animal survives etc. Betzah 32ᵇ חוֹתְכָהּ באיר he may sever the wick over the light. Yerushalmi (prefix) Megillah 4, 75ᵃ חותך the reader cuts one verse into two (reading Genesis 1, 5, a. 1, 8 as two verses severally); and frequently—[Vayikra Rabbah section 10 לחתוך את אביו וכ׳, see חָתַר.]—participle pass. חָתוּךְcut into, having the incisions of limbs etc., outlined. Niddah 24ᵇ גוף שאינו ח׳ a shapeless body (not articulated); ראש שאינו ח׳ a shapeless head (without indications of the nose etc.) the same place (ibid.) 24ᵃ יד חֲתוּכָה a well-shaped hand (of an embryo); and frequently (compare פָּסַק, גָּזַר) to decide, sentence. Vayikra Rabbah section 4, beginning (referring to התוך, Jeremiah 39, 3) ששם חוֹתְכִין את ההלכה for there they decide the practice. the same place (ibid.) וחוֹתֶכֶת דיניהם וכ׳ and decides the cases etc. Shevuoth 30ᵇ bottom of the page אֶחְתְּכֶנּוּ I will decide the case (in accordance with the testimony).—participle passive as ab. Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 4, beginning 22ᵃ אילו … התורה חתוכה if the Law had been given in the form of clear decisions (leaving no room for differences of opinion, discretion etc.) Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְתַּךְto be cut off, severed; to be cut into. Chullin 4, 6 שנֶחְתְּכוּ רגליה whose feet have been amputated. the same place (ibid.) 32ᵃ נֶחְתְּכָה דלעת וכ׳ if by accident a pumpkin has been cut simultaneously with the animal (opposite to חָתַךְ, see above); and frequently to be decided, decreed. Megillah 15ᵃ (play on הׄתׄךׄ, Esther 4, 5) שכל … נֶחְ֗תָּ֗כִ֗ין על יפיו all the government affairs were decided upon his opinion. Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיתֵּךְto cut. Chullin 4, 2 מְחַתֵּךְ אבר אבר he may cut off limb after limb. the same place (ibid.) 98ᵇ מחתך לה וכ׳ he carves the foreleg and then boils it.—participle pass. מְחוּתָּךְpiecemeal, limbwise. Yerushalmi (prefix) Niddah 3, 50ᶜ יצא מח׳ if the embryo came out by pieces. to decide. Sanhedrin 7ᵇ צדק … חַתְּכֵהוּ make the case clear and then decide it. Berachoth 61ᵃ לשון מְחַתֵּךְ וכ׳ the tongue forms the sentence, the mouth closes (the case, makes it irreversible). to dig ore (in lumps). Kethuboth 77ᵃ (explained מצרף) המְחַתֵּךְ … מעיקרו he who digs copper in the shaft. [Tosefta Oholoth 4, 3 וחיתכו, וחתכו, read: והִתִּיכוֹ or והִיתְּכוֹ, see נָתַךְ a. התך.] ↗ original
חֲתַךְPa'el חַתֵּיךְ to cut off. Chullin 11ᵃ ח׳ ליה לגמרי he severed it entirely, see לוּף.—participle pass. מְחַתַּךְin pieces. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 7, 30 (edition Amsterdam edition מַחְתַּךְ, incorr.). Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) I Numbers 12, 12 כד מח׳ (not מְחַתֵּיךְ). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַתַּךְto be cut, to be decided. Targum Esther 4, 5 (see Megillah 15ᵃ, quoted in the preceding). ↗ original
חֲתָךְ (the preceding) cut, wound. Tosefta Mikvaoth 7 (8), 3 מפני הח׳ on account of the place where the handle is intended to be lopped off (see Mikvaoth 10, 5).—Eruvin 18ᵃ. Chullin 32ᵇ שחט במקום ח׳ he slaughtered by setting the knife into the wound (and continued the cut). ↗ original
חָתַם , to tie up, close, lock. Tanchuma Bereshith 1 ח׳את הים וכ׳ he locked the Ocean up, that it might not go forth etc. to seal. Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ bottom of the page טבעת שׂחוֹתֵם בה the ring with which he seals. the same place (ibid.) אסור לַחְתּוֹם בה you dare not use it for a seal; Tosefta the same place (ibid.) V (6), 2; and frequently—2) to sign, subscribe (as witness, judge etc.) Gittin 6, 7 אחד … חוֹתְמִין one writes the document and two sign it as witnesses. the same place (ibid.) 66ᵇ ח׳ סופר if the scribe signed as one of the witnesses. the same place (ibid.) 67ᵃ ואתם חֲתוֹמוּ and sign you. Shevi'ith 10, 4 הדיינים חותמין וכ׳ the judges sign under it; and frequently—participle passive חָתוּם, feminine חֲתוּמָה; plural חֲתוּמִים, חֲתוּמִין; חֲתוּמוֹת. Yevamoth 25ᵇ, and elsewhere עדים הח׳ וכ׳ if witnesses are signed etc.; and frequently to close a benediction (see חֲתִימָה). Pesachim 10, 6 וחותם בגאולה and he closes with redemption (Blessed be the Lord who redeemed Israel). the same place (ibid.) לא היה חותם he did not close with a benediction. Berachoth 1, 4 מקום שאמרו לַחְתּוֹם where the Rabbis ordained to close a benediction with Barukh etc.; and frequently—participle passive as ab. Gittin 60ᵃ תורה ח׳ ניתנה the Law was given as one complete book, opposite מגילה מגילה in single sheets. [Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 11, see next word] Pi'el פִּעֵל חִיתֵּםto provide with signatures. Yerushalmi (prefix) Gittin 1, beginning 43ᵃ, and elsewhere מְחַתְּמוֹ בעדים וכ׳ he may have provided it with the signatures of unfit witnesses. the same place (ibid.) חִתְּמוֹ וכ׳.—participle pass. מְחוּתָּם. Yerushalmi (prefix) Kethuboth 2, 26ᶜ; Yerushalmi (prefix) Shevuoth 4, 35ᶜ מח׳ בארבע וכ׳ provided with four signatures. Nif'al נִפְעַל נֶחְתַּם,Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַתֵּם, , Nithpa'elנִתְחַתֵּםto be signed, sealed. Gittin 1, 1 בפני נח׳ (Yerushalmi (prefix) edition נתח׳) in my presence has it been signed; and frequently to be finally sentenced (by attaching the seal or signature). Rosh Hashanah 16ᵇ נכתבין ונֶחְתָּמִין וכ׳ their verdict is written and sealed at once; Yerushalmi (prefix) the same place (ibid.) 1, 57ᵃ מִתְחַתְּמִין. Bereshith Rabbah section 31, beginning נתח׳ גזר דינם their decree was sealed; and elsewhere ↗ original
חֲתַםto close up. Berachoth 6ᵃ ולִיחְתּוֹם פומיה and let him close up its opening. participle passive חֲתִים. Targum Onkelos Leviticus 15, 3. to seal, sign. Targum Jeremiah 32, 44; and frequently—Gittin 66ᵇ מִחְתַּם וכ׳ to draw their signatures.—participle pass. as ab. Targum the passage cited 11.—Bava Bathra 89ᵇ דלא חֲתִימֵי where they do not stamp measures officially. to close a benediction. Megillah 22ᵇ ח׳ ולא בריך he closed his prayer without saying Barukh etc. Shir HaShirim Rabbah to 1, 11 [read:] מלה חֲתִימָה … מסיימה a closed and finished word (complete in itself). Pa'el פִּעֵל חַתֵּיםto lock up. Targum Job 24, 16 (some edition Ithpaal). Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַתֵּיםto lock one’s self up. 5. above. to be sealed, stamped. Targum Esther 4, 1. Targum Isaiah 8, 21; and frequently to be closed up. Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) Leviticus 15, 3 edition pr. (edition אתסתם). ↗ original
חָתַן compare the preceding) to tie, connect, to covenant (Assyr. ḫatânu, to protect. Friedr. Delitzsch, Prolegomena p. 91). Hithpa'el הִתְפַּעֵל הִתְחַתֵּן,Nithpa'el נִתְפַּעֵל נִתְחַתֵּןto become connected, to enter into the family, to intermarry. Sanhedrin 82ᵃ כאלו מִתְחַתֵּן בע"א as if he connected himself with idols. Bereshith Rabbah section 82, beginning שנ׳ ביהודית וכ׳ who married Judith etc. Sifré Deuteronomy 52, and elsewhere שנ׳ … עם וכ׳ when Solomon married the daughter of Pharaoh; and frequently ↗ original
חֲתַן Yerushalmi (prefix) Sotah 9, end, 24ᶜ [read:] הוון בעון מִחְתַּנְתֵּיה לנסיותא, they desired to ally him to the Nasi family; Yerushalmi (prefix) Avodah Zarah 3, 42ᶜ bot הוון אילין … בעון מהיתנתיה (read: מִיחְתַּ׳) members of the Nasi family desired to take him into the family. Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַתֵּןto become connected. Targum I Samuel 18, 22, and the following; and frequently—Yerushalmi (prefix) Shabbath 12, 13ᶜ bottom of the page אִיתְחַתְּנוּן וכ׳, see נְשִׂיאוּתָא. ↗ original
חָתָןthe preceding) connection, son-in-law; bridegroom; (metaph., with referring to the covenant of circumcision, see בְּרִית) the infant fit for circumcision. Bava Bathra 98ᵇ ח׳ הדר וכ׳ a son-in-law who lives in the house of his father-in-law. Pesachim 113ᵃ הוי זהיר … מחָתְנָהּ הראשון guard thy wife against her former affianced. Yerushalmi (prefix) Nedarim 3, end, 38ᵇ (referring to Exodus 4, 24 sq) משה קרוי ח׳ Moses is called the ḥathan … (and she said) חָ׳ דמים מתבקשין ממך (edition מתבקש) husband, blood (circumcision) is asked of thee; תינוק קרוי ח׳ the infant is called the ḥathan, (and she said) חָ׳ בדמים אתה עומד לי child of the covenant, a high price I pay for thee; Babylonian Nedarim 32ᵃ; Shemoth Rabbah section 5 חָתְנִי תהיה את וכ׳ thou shalt be my affianced by covenant, thou art given to me etc. Niddah 5, 3 an infant one day old … is לאביו … כח׳ שלם (as regards mourning ceremonies) like a perfect circumcised child to his parents etc.—Berachoth 2, 5 ח׳ פטור וכ׳ a bride-groom in the first night is exempt etc. Kethuboth 8ᵃ (in wedding benedictions) משמח ח׳ עם הכלה who causest the bridegroom to rejoice with the bride; and frequently—Transferred (compare בַּעֲלָא) the fructifying rain. Berachoth 59ᵇ; Taanith 6ᵇ משיצא ח׳ לקראת כלה when the bridegroom goes forth to meet the bride, i.e. when the falling rain-drops meet the water on the ground and bubble; [other opinion; when the rivulets formed by the rain meet each other in gutters.].—plural חֲתָנִים. Kethuboth the passage cited the same place (ibid.)ᵇ, see בְּרָכָה; and frequently— ↗ original
חַתְנָא Targum Exodus 4, 25, and the following (Targum Yerushalmi (Yonathan) 2 the same place (ibid.) 26 חתנת, correct accordingly).—Targum I Samuel 18, 18.—Targum Isaiah 62, 5; and frequently—Yevamoth 52ᵃ ח׳ דדאיר a son-in-law who resides etc., see דּוּר. Chullin 83ᵃ בי ח׳ in the bridegroom’s family; and frequently—plural חַתְנִין. Targum Jeremiah 7, 34; and elsewhere—Shabbath 23ᵇ חַתְנֵי Oxford manuscript sons-in-law, see חַתְנוּתָא. ↗ original
חֲתָנוּת (the preceding words) marital relation, intermarriage, wedlock (connubium). Avodah Zarah 31ᵇ, and elsewhere משום ח׳ as a guard against intermarriage (between Jews and gentiles). the same place (ibid.) 36ᵇ, see אִישׁוּת. Yevamoth 76ᵃ לית להו ח׳ they have no connubium (a marriage with them is not legally recognized); and elsewhere—בית ח׳ additional rooms for the young couple in the bridegroom’s paternal house. Bava Bathra 6, 4 (98ᵇ). Taanith 14ᵇ ↗ original
חַתְנוּתָא Targum G. I Deuteronomy 32, 50.—plural חַתְנְוָותָאconnections through marriage, sons-in-law etc. Shabbath 23ᵇ הוו ליה ח׳ רבנן (Oxford manuscript חַתְנֵי) will have scholars in the family through intermarriage. ↗ original
חָתַרto dig, break in, make an opening. Kiddushin 24ᵇ חֲתוֹר לי שיני Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) (edition לַחְתּוֹר לו שינו) scrape my tooth (to clean it). Devarim Rabbah section 2 (referring to וַיֵּעָתֶר, 2 Chronicles 33, 13) וַיֶּחְתַּר לו וכ׳ the Lord made an opening for his prayer; ח׳ את הרקיע He broke through the heavens; Yerushalmi (prefix) Sanhedrin 10, 28ᶜ bottom of the page; Ruth Rabbah to 2, 14 ח׳ לו חתירה וכ׳ (see Sanhedrin 103ᵃ).—Shemoth Rabbah section 37 נטל את הצפורן לַחְתּוֹר וכ׳ (Aruch (Sefer HeArukh) under the word צפורן: לחפור) he took the digging tool to undermine his father’s house; Vayikra Rabbah section 10 (לחתך, אחתוך, לחתוך את אביו) (correct accordingly). Bereshith Rabbah section 63 (referring to וַיֶּעְתַּר, Genesis 25, 21, see above) like a prince שהיה חוֹתֵר על אביו ליטול וכ׳ who undertook a siege (for military practice) against his father for a litra of gold (for the winner) והיה זה ח׳ מבפנים וכ׳ and so the one did mine from within etc. (the father assisting his son’s efforts).—Sanhedrin 109ᵃ וחוֹתְרִים שם and broke in there; Bereshith Rabbah section 27; and frequently—participle passive חָתוּר, feminine חֲתוּרָה, plural חֲתוּרִים, חֲתוּרוֹת. Bava Kamma 114ᵇ היתה מחתרת ח׳ וכ׳ his house was broken into. the same place (ibid.) 23ᵃ סתם דלתות ח׳ הן וכ׳ with reference to dogs, ordinary doors are subject to being broken in, i.e. the owner of a dog is responsible for damages done by breaking in. ↗ original
חֲתַר Targum Ezekiel 8, 8; and elsewhere Ithpaal הִתְפַּעֵל אִתְחַתַּר,Ithpeel נִפְעַל אִתְחֲתַר, אִיחֲ׳to be broken into. Moed Katan 25ᵇ אִיתְחַתְּרוּ שבעין מחתרתא וכ׳ Munich manuscript (edition אִיחְתְּרוּ) seventy robberies were committed in Tiberias (edition in N’hardea). Sanhedrin 109ᵃ אִחְתְּרִין … מחתרתא וכ׳ (Oxford manuscript אִיחְתְּרוּ וכ׳) that night three hundred robberies were committed in S. to break in for one’s self. Targum Ezekiel 12, 7. ↗ original
חָתַת (Biblical Hebrew) to break, shatter. Chullin 27ᵃ (play on וזׄבׄחׄתׄ Deuteronomy 12, 21) ממקום שזׄבׄ חָ֗תֵּ֗הוּ from where the blood flows, break it (the animal’s life); ממאי דהאי חתהו לישנא דמתבר הוא what proof have you, that this ḥottehu has the meaning of breaking? (Answ. referring to תחת, Deuteronomy 1, 2. [the same place (ibid.) חִתּוּי formed frequently חָתָהPi'el, sec. root or radix of חתת.] ↗ original