פָּאבִי (Φοίβη) Pabi, Piabi, mother of a priest Ishmael. Tosef. Yoma I, 21 (ed. Zuck. פואבי, Var. פא׳, פיא׳); Y. ib. III, 40ᵈ top פיא׳; Bab. ib. 35ᵇ פא׳ (Ms. M. פיא׳); a. e.; v. יִשְׁמָעאֵל. ↗ expanded
פָּאגֵיBeth Pagé (Βηθφαγῆ), a fortified suburb of Jerusalem. Pes. 91ᵃ (Ms. M. 2 פגים, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5). Ib. 63ᵇ (Ms. M. 2 פגים); Men. 78ᵇ. Sot. 45ᵃ; Snh. 14ᵇ בית פאגי (Ms. M. בית הפאגי). ↗ expanded
פֵּאָה פאה to split, divide; v. Ges. H. Dict.12 s. v.) section, segment, corner.—Pl. פֵּאוֹת, פֵּי׳. Erub. 51ᵃ (ref. to Num. XXXV, 5) פ׳ כתיבן the text speaks of corners (angular additions); ib. לזה אתה נותן פ׳ אין אתה נותן פ׳ וכ׳ for this purpose (the definition of suburbs) you allow corners to be included (i.e. square measurements), but you must not allow corners to those appointing a Sabbath center (שְׁבִיתָה), i.e. you must allow them to walk only within a circle the radius of which is two thousand cubits. Ib. 11ᵃ בארבע פ׳ השדה Ar. (ed. פינות) in the four corners of the field; a. e.—Esp. פְּאַת ראש the hair on the temples; פאת זקןthe hair on the chin. Macc. III, 5 המקיף פ׳ ראשו והמשחית פ׳ זקנו (v. Lev. XIX, 27) he who cuts off (shaves) the hair of his temples and destroys the hair of his chins; expl. ib. 20ᵇ פאת ראשו סוף ראשו וכ׳ the peah of his head means cutting the tail-end of the hair of his head … making his temples as smooth as the spot behind the ear and as the forehead; פאת זקנו סוף זקנו וכ׳ the peah of his chin means the pointed ends of his chin &c., v. שִׁיבּוֹלֶת; Sifra K’dosh., Par. 3, ch. VI; a. e.—In gen. curls; פ׳ נכרית strange (false) curls, wig. Sabb. VI, 5. Naz. 28ᵇ; a. e. (פאת שדה) the corner of the field, the portion of the harvest left for the poor, peah (Lev. XIX, 9 sq.) Sifra K’dosh., Par. 1, ch. I פטור מן הלקט … והפ׳ is exempt from the duty of leaving for the poor the gleanings, the forgotten sheaf, and the corner. Ib. חייבים בפ׳ are subject to peah. Ib. אין פ׳ אלא מחמת הכילוי וכ׳ the title of peah comes only through the finishing (of the cutting of the field, i.e. if one left a plot uncut in the middle of a field, the poor cannot take it, before the field is entirely cut), and only when it has a name (has been designated by the owner as the poor man’s share), and the real peah is only that which is left at the end (i.e. he who has left a plot in the middle, must also leave a corner); ib. נתן בתחילה הרי זו פ׳ if he left a portion on beginning to cut or in the middle, it is peah (belongs to the poor, and is exempt from tithes &c.); Peah I, 3; a. v. fr. (transf.) braid, vines plaited together so as to form a cover or a partition. Tosef. Kil. IV, 5 אם היו קנים מדוקרנין עושה אותן פ׳ מלמעלה ומותר if forked reeds were standing there, he forms a plait above, and it is permitted (it forms a partition with regard to mixed seeds); Erub. 11ᵇ. Y. Kil. IV, 29ᵇ מציל משום פ׳ it saves (makes the place marked off by reeds a partitioned field) the same as a garland of vines. Ib. הדא פ׳ מה את וכ׳ what do you mean by that peah? do you mean overhead, or on the side? Ib. bot. הפ׳ אינה וכ׳ the ‘plait’ does not save (is not considered a partition), unless it is solidly joined on four sides. Ib. פ׳ מהו שתציל בסוכה do intertwined vines form a partition with regard to Succah (to be considered a wall)?; Y. Succ. I, 52ᵃ bot. Erub. l. c. top פ׳ מותרת לענין כלאים וכ׳ (Ms. M. פ׳ קליעית קליעית, being a gloss to פ׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) ‘braids’ form a partition with regard to mixed seeds, but not with regard to Sabbath laws; a. fr.—Peah, name of a treatise of Mishnah, Tosefta and Talmud Y’rushalmi, of the Order of Z’raʿim. ↗ expanded
פְּאֵר פאר to cut off; to distinguish) ornament, crown, bonnet of distinction. Y. M. Kat. III, 82ᵈ top (ref. to פארך, Ez. XXIV, 17) אית דבעי מימר אילו התפלין some say, this refers to the T’fillin (which ordinarily a mourner must not put on); אית דבעי מימר זה הגיהוץ some say, this refers to glossy linen (festive dress, v. גִּיהוּץ); Ber. 11ᵃ אבל חייב … שהרי נאמר בהם פ׳ a mourner is bound to observe all ceremonial laws …, except that of T’fillin, which are called an ornament; ib. 16ᵇ; a. e.—*Pl. פְּאֵרוֹתhead-ornaments, pearls, trinkets (strung on chains or cords). Ab. Zar. 47ᵃ בני מעיה מהו לפ׳ may its small intestines be used for pearl-strings? [Ms. M. לכנורות, v. כִּנּוֹר; ed. Pes. a. oth. פְּאוֹרוֹת; cmp. b. h. פֻּארָה, פֹּארֹת]. ↗ expanded
פָּאַר (b. h.), Pi.פֵּאֵר (denom. of preced.) to cut the crown off. Ḥull. 131ᵃ, sq. (ref. to תְפָאֵר, Deut. XXIV, 20) שלא תטול תפארתו ממנו thou must not cut the crown off it (the last berries). to crown, glorify. Lev. R. s. 2 כל מה … לגדלן ולפָאֲרָן פָּאֵר … להִתְפָּאֵר בהם as much as thou canst praise Israel, praise, as much as thou canst raise and glorify them, glorify, for I am to be glorified through them; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 8; Pesik. Shek., p. 17ᵇ לפָאֲרוֹ פָּאֲרוֹ; a. e.—Part. pass. מְפוֹאָר; f. מְפוֹאָרָה, מְפוֹאֶרֶת. Taan. 7ᵃ (to R. Joshua) אי חכמה מפ׳ בכלי מכוער O for that glorious wisdom in an ugly vessel! Ab. Zar. 24ᵇ, v. עֲדִי II. Hithpa. הִתְפָּאֵרto lord it, rule. Sifré Deut. 284 (ref. to תפאר, v. supra) לא תִתְפָּאֵר לעני do not make thyself the master of the poor man (i.e. do not decide who shall and who shall not get the gleanings &c.); Yalk. ib. 937. to be adorned, glorified. Lev. R. l. c., a. e., v. supra. Esth. R. to III, 6, v. פּוּרְפּוּרָא; a. e. ↗ expanded
פָּארֵי 1 (= פררי; פְּרַר) coarse bran. Gitt. 56ᵇ אשקוהו מיא דפ׳ they gave him bran water to drink. Ib. 69ᵃ, v. נַפְיָא. B. Bath. 92ᵇ (prov.) מן מרי רשותך פ׳ איפרע from a debtor of thine accept (even) bran in payment; B. Kam. 46ᵇ; B. Mets. 118ᵃ. Pes. 111ᵇ פ׳ בביתא קשי לעניותא bran scattered in the house is bad for (brings) poverty. Bekh. 8ᵇ (in a facetious conversation, v. בְּדִיאֵי) אפשילו לי חבלי מפ׳ וכ׳ twist me ropes of bran, and &c. ↗ expanded
פַּג (פגג; cmp. Syr. פכא P. Sm. 3124) jaw.—Du.פַּגַּיִם; בית פ׳halter. B. Mets. 9ᵃ חמור ובית פַּגֶּיהָ (Ms. M. ובי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) the ass with the halter. ↗ expanded
פַּגָּא 1 Pes. 112ᵃ ידא אפ׳ Ms. M., v. אַוְסֵי.—Pl. פַּגֵּי (= בי פ׳) bit. Sabb. 51ᵇ (expl. פרומביא) פ׳ דפרזלא iron bit. ↗ expanded
פַּגָּה (preced.) hard, undeveloped berry, fig, date &c. Tosef. Sabb. XVI (XVII), 10 פ׳ שטמנה בתבן unripe fruit which one has put in straw; Y. Pes. II, 29ᵇ top; Y. Kil. I, 27ᵇ (not בטבל); a. e.—Snh. 107ᵃ אכלה פ׳ he enjoyed her as an unripe fruit (did not wait until she was his legitimate wife). Tanḥ. Vayera 5 איוב בלעה פ׳ Job spoke rashly, opp. בשילה, v. בָּשֵׁל; Gen. R. s. 49 אמר פ׳ (corr. acc.).—Trnsf. undeveloped puberty, childhood. Nidd. V, 7, v. בּוֹחַל.—Pl. פַּגִּים, פַּגִּין. Lev. R. s. 31; Sifré Num. 137. Ib. פַּגֵּי שביעית bad figs of the Sabbatical year. Pes. 53ᵃ; a. fr.—בית פגים, v. פָּאגֵי. ↗ expanded
פָּגוּם 1 (פָּגַם; cmp. פְּגִימָה) semicircular turret, niche in a city wall; also independent turret open on one side. Erub. V, 1 how do you define city limits (v. עָבַר)? בית … פ׳ נכנס פ׳ יוצא if (in a row of joined dwellings) one house stands outside the line and one inside, one turret (of the wall) is projected and one recedes. Ib. 55ᵃ היה בית אחד יוצא כמין פ׳ if one house projects in the way of a turret (in a semicircle). Y. ib. V, 22ᵇ bot. [read:] מן גו פ׳ measuring from the inside of the turret. Ib. נותנין פ׳ לפ׳ we may allow an outer turret to a turret, i.e. we count the city limits from a turret which serves as a defence to a turret; a. e.—Pl. פְּגוּמִים. Erub. l. c.—Ch. פִּיגְמָא.—V. פְּגִימִין. ↗ expanded
פָּגוּם 2 part. pass. of פָּגַם, q. v. (adj.) defective, esp. (of legal status) inferior. Kidd. III, 12 כל מקום שיש … הולד הולך אחר הפ׳ wherever a betrothal is legally recognized, but a sin is connected with it, the issue follows the status of the inferior, e.g. if a high priest marries a widow &c. Ib. 67ᵃ הלך אחר הפ׳ שבשניהם (in assigning the legal status of the issue) follow the inferior of the two parents; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּגְיוֹן (corrupt. of pugio) dagger. Kel. XIII, 1; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 1 הפגש (corr. acc.). B. Mets. 84ᵃ הפיג׳. Bekh. V, 3 (35ᵃ) נטל פי׳ וצרם וכ׳ (Bab. ed. פיגום, corr. acc.) he (the Roman) took a dagger and cut into its ear. ↗ expanded
פְּגִימָא (v. next w.) violation, assault (of a woman). Snh. 73ᵇ אפ׳ קפיד רחמנא Ms. M. (ed. אפִּיגְמָהּ) the Biblical law (Deut. XXII, 25 sq.) cares for (wishes to protect from) violation. ↗ expanded
פְּגִימָה (פָּגם) [incision, cavity,] notch. Ḥull. 17ᵇ ושאין בה אלא פ׳ אחת but a knife which has only one notch (v. אָגַר II); Tosef. ib. I, 7. Ḥull. l. c. פְּגִימַת עצם בפסח a cut in the bone of a Passover lamb (forbidden in Ex. XII, 46); פ׳ אוזן בבכור a cut in the ear of a first-born animal (by which it is rendered unfit as a sacrifice, and may be eaten by the priest outside of the seat of the sanctuary); פ׳ מום בקדשים the blemish, created by a cut, of a consecrated (female) sacrifice; וכולן פְּגִימָתָן כדי פ׳ המזבח and all of these incisions are measured by the standard of an indentation in the altar; ib. 18ᵃ וכמה פ׳ המזבח and how large is the indentation which unfits the altar?; v. חָגַר II; a. fr.—Pl. פְּגִימוֹת. Ib. 17ᵇ; a. fr. concavity of an arch, crescent, &c. R. Hash. 23ᵇ (expl. לפני החמה ib. II, 6) פְּגִימָתָהּ לפני החמה וכ׳ was the concave side of the crescent directed towards the sun or away from the sun? Ib. מעולם … פגימתה של לבנה ולא פגימתה של קשת the sun never faces the concave of the crescent or the concave of a rainbow; Y. ib. II, 58ᵃ פִּיגְמָתָהּ; a. e. violation (of virginity). Snh. 73ᵇ במקפדת על פגימתה וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. פִּיגְמָהּ) when she is excited over her violation, and says &c.—[Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵃ bot. פגימה, read: פְּגוּמָה, v. פָּגַם.] ↗ expanded
פְּגִימִין (an adaptation of pegma, as if fr. פָּגַם) [the things which impair a Jew’s civic qualifications,] a wooden structure for spectacles (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Pegma). Y. R. Hash. I, 57ᶜ top; Y. Shebu. VII, 37ᵈ bot. אין מקבלין אותו עד שישבר פְּגִימָיו וכ׳ (the exhibitor of pigeon-races or beast-fights) is not declared free from disqualifications, until he breaks up his scenery, and he is examined and found to have really repented; Tosef. Snh. V, 2 פגימיו ed. Zuck. (Var. פִּיגְמָיו); Bab. Shebu. 25ᵇ משישברו את פִּגְמֵיהֶן. ↗ expanded
פַּגִּין (denom. of פַּגָּא II) hard, unripe.—Pl. פַּגִּינָין; f. פַּגִּינָן. Lev. R. s. 25 [read:] דהוון בשילן ולא פ׳ that they (the figs) were ripe (and soft) and not hard; Koh. R. to II, 20. ↗ expanded
פְּגִיעָה (פָּגַע) meeting, contact, striking against. Y. B. Mets. II, end, 8ᵈ (ref. to Ex. XXIII, 4) יכול פ׳ ממש you might think, it means literally ‘striking against’ (and not merely seeing); Bab. B. Mets. 33ᵃ. Ib. ואיזו היא ראייה שיש בה פ׳ and what is a ‘seeing’ which may be called ‘meeting’?; Yalk. Ex. 352. B. Kam. VIII, 4 העבד … פְּגִיעָתָן רעה וכ׳ coming in (hostile) contact with a slave or a woman is bad, for he who injures them is made responsible, whereas if they injure you, they cannot be made responsible (having no property of their own). entreaty, prayer. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᵇ top (ref. to ויפגע, Gen. XXVIII, 11) אין פ׳ אלא תפלה the expression pagʿa means prayer (with ref. to Jer. XXVII, 18; VII, 16); Gen. R. s. 68; Sot. 14ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פָּגַל (cmp. פָּגַם) to mutilate; to make rejectable, loathsome; to unfit.—Denom. פִּגּוּל. Pi. פִּיגֵּל (denom. of פִּגּוּל) to make a sacrifice rejectable through improper mental disposal (Lev. XIX, 7); to be the cause of becoming piggul. Zeb. 13ᵇ טבילת אצבע מְפַגֶּלֶת בחטאת the act of dipping the finger in the blood of the sin-offering (with an inappropriate mental disposal, e.g. with the intention of offering the limbs the next day) unfits the sacrifice. Men. II, 3 התודה מפגלת את … אינו מְפַגֵּל את התודה an inappropriate intention connected with the thank-offering unfits also the bread (that goes with the thank-offering), but an inappropriate intention with regard to the bread does not affect the thank-offering. Ib. הכבשים מְפַגְּלִין וכ׳ improper intentions connected with the offering of the lambs affect &c. Ib. 13ᵇ אין מתיר מפגל את המתיר one act which fits the sacrifice for eating (v. מַתִּיר) cannot unfit another act of the same nature, e.g. if the priest on offering a handful of flour had in mind an unlawful application of the frankincense, the latter is not hereby made rejectable. Ib. עד שיְפַגֵּל בשתיהן וכ׳ until he had in his mind an improper application of both of them to the extent of the size of an olive. Ib. 17ᵃ הקטרה מפגלת הקטרה one offering burnt on the altar (if connected with an improper intention) may cause the unfitness of another offering. Ib. אין מפגלין בחצי מתיר you cannot create piggul with one portion of the mattir (s. supra); a. fr.—Part. pass. מְפוּגָּל; f. מְפוּגֶּלֶת; pl. מְפוּגָּלִים, מְפוּגָּלִין; מְפוּגָּלוֹת. Ib. II, 3, sq. Tosef. ib. V, 5; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְפַּגֵּל,Nithpa. נִתְפַּגֵּלto be made rejectable, to becomeפִּגּוּל. Men. 13ᵇ פיגל בירך … לא נ׳ של שמאל if he had an improper intention with regard to the right side of the offering, the left did not become piggul (the priest eating thereof is not guilty). Zeb. 28ᵇ מה שלמים מפגלין ומִתְפַּגְּלִין וכ׳ as in the peace-offerings there are parts which create piggul (e.g. the sprinkling of the blood with a wrong intention concerning the limbs or the flesh) and again parts liable to become piggul, so in all things liable to become piggul, there must be parts which make, and parts which become piggul; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּגַל , Pa.פַּגֵּל ch. same. Men. 13ᵇ מְפַגְּלֵי אהדדי each may make the other piggul. Ib. 16ᵃ מיהדר פַּגּוּלֵי בשלישית ל"ל (not פיגולי) why is the making piggul in the third act again mentioned?; a. fr. Ithpa. אִיפַּגֵּלto be made piggul. Ib. 14ᵃ אילימא לאִיפַּגּוּלֵי דם דם מי מִיפַּגֵּל do you mean that the blood is to become piggul? Can blood become piggul?; לאיפגולי בשר that the flesh is to become piggul. Ḥull. 58ᵇ לענין איפגולי as regards becoming piggul; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פָּגַם (cmp. פָּגַל) to cut, mutilate; to damage, lessen; trnsf. (cmp. פָּסַל) to disqualify, unfit. Num. R. s. 21 כל הפּוֹגֵם את עצמו פיגם וכ׳ he who tarnishes his reputation discredits his family at the same time; Tanḥ. Pinḥ. 2; Yalk. Num. 772. Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ פְּגָמָהּ הכתוב the Bible text curtailed her name (אביגל for אביגיל, I Sam. XXV, 32). Arakh. 16ᵇ, v. אַכְסְנַאי. Gen. R. s. 6 חוזר ופוגם אותה (not אותם) the text reduces her (the moon) again (calling her ‘the small light’). Pes. 105ᵇ טעמו פְּגָמוֹ as soon as he tasted it (the wine in the cup), he rendered it unfit (for a cup of benediction); a. fr.—Part. pass. פָּגוּם; f. פְּגוּמָה &c. Sifré Deut. 320 בזוי ופ׳ contemptible and detested (Yeb. 63ᵇ משוקץ ומתועב). Keth. 40ᵇ בעל פ׳ if he had connection with an impaired woman (opp. שלימה). Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵃ bot. כדי שלא … פ׳ (not פגימה) that it should not appear as if the right shoe were defective; a. e.—Esp. (law) to impair the legal value of a document by admitting a receipt on account (cmp. שׁוֹבֵר). Keth. IX, 7 הפּוֹגֶמֶת כתובתה a woman that impairs her marriage contract. expl. ib. 8. Ib. 87ᵇ פוגמת כתובתה בעדים if she states that she has received partial payment in the presence of witnesses. Ib. פוחתת … היינו פוגמת if a woman lessens the amount in her marriage contract (declaring that it has been made out for a larger amount than had been agreed upon) …, is it the same as admitting partial payment or not? Y. ib. IX, 33ᵇ יורש שפ׳ אביו שטר חובו an heir whose father had admitted partial payment on a note of indebtedness in his possession; Tosef. Shebu. VI, 5. Gitt. 18ᵃ עד שתִּפְגּוֹם וכ׳, v. זָקַף; Y. Shebi. IX, beg. 39ᵇ; a. fr. Nif. נִפְגָּם,Nithpa. נִתְפַּגֵּםto be mutilated, diminished, impaired; to become defective, cracked, get out of order; to be discredited. Arakh. 16ᵇ, v. אַכְסְנַאי. Bekh. VI, 1 נִפְגְּמָה אזנו if the ear of the first-born animal has become defective (lopped, bored through). Ib. 4 שנִפְגְּמוּ, v. גָּמַם. Arakh. 10ᵇ והיה קולו ערב ונפ׳ and the sound of the flute was sweet, but it became impaired. Ib. אלו שני כלים … ונִתְפַּגְּמוּ וכ׳ those were the two implements that had remained from the first Temple, but they became defective and could not be mended; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּגַם [Targ. Job XXV, 5 פָּגְמָא סיהרא, v. פְּגָמָא.]—Y. Ber. IX, beg. 12ᵈ למרגלית דלית … פַּגְמָהּ it is like a jewel of inestimable value, however high a price one may set upon it, one undervalues it. Keth. 41ᵃ דלא קא פָגֵים לה when he does not damage her (in the public esteem); a. e.—Part. pass. פָּגִים, פְּגִימָא; f. פְּגִימְתָּא. Pes. 106ᵃ כסא פ׳ a defective cup of wine (not full); חביתא פ׳ a defective cask; a. e. Ithpa. אִיפַּגֵּם,Ithpe. אִיפְּגַם as preced.Nif. B. Mets. 116ᵃ כיון דמִיפַּגְּמָא because it is easily damaged (battered); a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּגָם (preced. wds.) injury, deterioration; blemish, discredit. Tanḥ. Vayishl. 5 פ׳ הוא לאשה it is discreditable to a woman (to be showy). Y. B. Kam. VIII, end, 6ᶜ; Bab. B. Kam. 93ᵃ משום פְּגַם משפחה because it is a discredit to the entire family. Gitt. 59ᵇ משום פְּגָמוֹ של ראשון because it might cast a reflection on his predecessor (making it appear as if he were not a legitimate priest); משום פ׳ שניהם because it reflects on both of them. Sot. 41ᵃ משום פגמו של ראשון because it discredits the scroll first used (as if it had been found unfit for reading in it). Sifré Num. 92 דברי פ׳ criticising words, opp. דברי שבח. Yalk. Ps. 846 ע"א קרויה לשם פְּגָמָהּ וכ׳ a heathen deity is named with an opprobrious epithet, as ḥerem, shekets &c., opp. לשם שבח; a. fr.—נותן טעם לפ׳, v. טַעַם. Cant. R. to VII, 8 (in Chald. dict.) אנן בעינן נתן ביה פ׳ וכ׳ we desire to discredit him (the idol), by being there and not bowing to him &c.—Snh. 73ᵇ פִּיגְמָהּ (from פֶּגֶם), v. פְּגִימָה. indemnity for deterioration in value or social standing, to be paid to a seduced or outraged girl. Keth. III, 4 המפתה נותן בושת ופ׳ וקנס the seducer must pay an indemnity for exposure to shame and for loss of value, and a fine besides. Ib. 7 פ׳ רואין אותה וכ׳ as to indemnity for loss of value, we estimate her as if she were a handmaid to be sold &c. (v. פְּגִימָה) the decrease of the moon; trnsf. decline. Pesik. R. s. 15 (ref. to Ps. LXXXIX, 38) כהדין סיהרא … אתם מונין לפְגָמוֹ like the moon: if you do good, you shall count by its fulness (by referring to your political ascendancy); if not, you shall count by its decrease (by the symptoms of decline); Pesik. Haḥod., p. 53ᵃ לפְגָמָהּ; v. next w.↗ expanded
פְּגָמָאblemish, discredit. Sot. 41ᵃ ומי חיישינן לפ׳ do we take into consideration that a scroll may be discredited by reading from a second one in the same service? Ib. תלתא … ליכא פ׳ … בתרי סיפרי איכא פ׳ when three persons read successively from three scrolls, there is no discredit, but when one person reads from two scrolls, there is discredit (it has the appearance as if the first scroll had been found defective); Yoma 70ᵃ; a. e. the decrease of the moon, wane. Targ. Job XXV, 5 עד דפְגָמָא דסיהרא וכ׳ Ms. (ed. דפָגְמָא סיהרא, read: דס׳) until the wane of the moon is in the east, the sun does not shine (simultaneously with the moon, v. פְּגִימָה). Pesik. Haḥod., p. 53ᵃ; Pesik. R. s. 15 אברהם … על מלייא רחבעם … הא סיהרא על פִּיגְמָה Abraham, Isaac, … Solomon—that is the moon in its growth to fulness; Rehoboam … Zedekiah—that is the moon on the wane; v. preced.semicircular turret, v. פִּיגְמָא. ↗ expanded
פָּגַן (cmp. פָּגַע); Hif. הִפְגִּין to entreat, cry for help. B. Kam. 114ᵇ (Ar. הבגין). Taan. 18ᵃ עמדו והַפְגִּינוּ בלילה rise and cry by night; הלכו והִפְגִּינוּ וכ׳ (Ar. והב׳) they went and cried &c. ↗ expanded
פְּגַן ch. Same. Targ. Koh. I, 12. Targ. Y. Gen. XXII, 20. Targ. Koh. IX, 17 דפָגֵין (not דפַגּ׳); a. e. Af. אַפְגֵּיןto intercede. Targ. Y. Ex. XXXII, 10. ↗ expanded
פָּגָן (paganus) villager, commoner, civilian. Y’lamd. to Lev. V, 21, quot. in Ar. פולח פ׳ וכ׳ a soldier and a civilian who provoked the king to anger (Tanḥ. Vayikra 6 קרתני ובן פלטרין). Tanḥ., ed. Bub., Vayera 21; Gen. R. s. 50, a. e., v. סָגוּם. Num. R. s. 15; Tanḥ. Bhaʿăl. 11; ed. Bub. 20 היום איפרכוס למחר פ׳ למחר קומוס למחר סרדיוט (not סגן) (under the Roman government) one is to-day a consul, to-morrow a civilian &c., v. סְרַדְיוֹט; a. e.—Pl. פָּגָאנִים, פָּגָנִים. Ex. R. s. 15 (Matt. K. פָּגָאנִין). ↗ expanded
פָּגָנָא —Pl. פָּגָנַיָּא, פָּגָנַיָּיא. Y. Hor. III, end, 48ᶜ; Y. Sabb. XII, 13ᶜ bot. תרין זרעיין … בולווטייא ופ׳ there were two families in Sepphoris, a senatorial family and a family of commoners (v. בּוּלֶבְטֵס). ↗ expanded
פָּגָנִיקָא (paganica, sub. indumenta); מאנין פ׳garments of a commoner. Midr. Sam. ch. XXIV (ref. to I Sam. XXVIII, 8) מ׳ פ׳ he put on a commoner’s garments; Lev. R. s. 26 מאנויין נפיקא (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פָּגַע (b. h.) to strike against, come in contact with, meet; (in a hostile sense) to attack, strike. Tanḥ. Vayishl. 4 כיון שפ׳ בעשו when he met Esau. Gen. R. s. 75 פ׳ בלובשי ברזל he met those clad in iron armor. Succ. 52ᵇ, a. e. אם פ׳ בך מנוול זה, v. נָוַול. Y. Kidd. III, 64ᵈ bot. ולמה לא פָּגַעְתָּה בו (not ביה) why didst thou not connect thyself with him? Num. R. s. 5 כדי שלא תִפְגַּע בכולם מדת הדין וכ׳ (not יפגע) in order that divine justice might not strike all of them, he took half of his name (the letter ה) &c. Ex. R. s. 5, end בקשה … לִפְגּוֹעַ במשה divine justice wanted to strike Moses. Koh. R. to IX, 11 עת היא שפּוֹגַעַת באדם וכ׳ (not האדם), v. עִרְעֵר III. to beseech, entreat. Gen. R. s. 68 (ref. to Gen. XXVIII, 11) וַיִּפְגַּע במקום … מפני מה וכ׳ ‘and he entreated the Lord’ … why is the Lord surnamed maḳom? (v. מָקוֹם). Ib. מהו ויפגע במקום צלי וכ׳ what does vayifgʿa bammaḳom mean? He prayed on the site of the Temple; a. e.—Part. pass.פָּגוּעַ; pl. פְּגוּעִיןstricken, afflicted (with insanity). Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵇ top, v. פֶּגַע. Nif. נִפְגַּעto be stricken; to suffer. Ib. משנ׳ after one has been stricken; Y. Erub. X, 26ᶜ bot. Ḥag. 14ᵇ; Tosef. ib. II, 3 הציץ ונ׳ he looked (into the divine secrets, v. פַּרְדֵּס) and became demented; Y. ib. II, 77ᵇ top. Sabb. 13ᵇ אין שוטה נ׳ a maniac cannot be stricken with dementia (one overladen with sorrows becomes indifferent to new afflictions); a. e. Hif. הִפְגִּיעַto cause suffering, afflict, v. מַפְגִּיעַ. to suffer. Koh. R. l. c. עת … והוא מַפְגִּיעַ time strikes man …, and he suffers, v. עִרְעֵר III. to entreat. Ib. פעמים שאדם מפגיע וכ׳ at times man prays and is answered &c. ↗ expanded
פְּגַע 1to meet. Targ. Prov. XVII, 12 (h. text פגוש). Ib. XXIX, 13 (Var. פגיחו); a. e.—Gen. R. s. 36, beg. פ׳ ביה שידא וכ׳ the demon Sh’madon met him; Yalk. ib. 61; Lev. R. s. 5 פ׳ ליה וכ׳ (corr. acc.). B. Kam. 99ᵇ פַּגְעוּ ביה … גברא R. K. and R. A. met that man. Ber. 58ᵇ. Y. Kidd. III, 64ᵈ bot. יאות עביד דלא פ׳ ביה he did right not to connect himself with that man. Ib. top דלא תִפְגַּע בהון, v. פְּסוּלָא I; a. fr. to plague. Gen. R. s. 58; Yalk. ib. 102 פַּגְעוּנֵיה, v. סְרַס. Af. אַפְגִּיעַto intercede, pray. Targ. Esth. IV, 14. Ithpe. אִתְפְּגַעto happen. Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ bot. ומִתְפְּגַע ביה and it happened to him (he died). ↗ expanded
פֶּגַעpreced.) contact, accident, (evil) occurence; affliction, plague. Ber. 17ᵃ ותצילני מפ׳ רע and save me from meeting with evil; a. e.—Pl. פְּגָעִים, פְּגָעִיןevil spirits. Shebu. 15ᵇ (expl. בשיר, Mish. ib. II, 2) the song of thanksgiving (Ps. XXX) ושיר של פ׳ וכ׳ and the song referring to evil spirits (Ps. XCI, 1—9), and some call it song of n’gaʿim (plagues, with ref. to ונגע, ib. 10); Y. Erub. X, 26ᶜ bot. אומרין היו שיר של פ׳ וכ׳ they used to recite the ‘song of demons’ in Jerusalem (in the Temple, when one was threatened with insanity); Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵇ top שיר פגועין, the song for the stricken. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCI שיר של פ׳ היה אומר משה וכ׳ Moses recited the ninety-first psalm on ascending the heavens, when he said &c. ↗ expanded
פְּגַע 2evil occurrence, plague. Targ. I Kings V, 18.—Pl. פְּגָעִין. Ruth R. to I, 16 (ref. to אל תפגעי ib., as if it were תִּפָּגְעִי) לא תחטא עלי לא תסבין פ׳ מני (not פגעיך) do not commit a sin through me, do not suffer afflictions on my account (by dissuading me from embracing the Jewish faith). pl. evil spirits. Targ. II Esth. I, 2. ↗ expanded
פִּגְעִין (cmp. פִּיקְעִין) plums. Sabb. 144ᵇ (Rashi in early eds. פִּיגְעִין; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 50). ↗ expanded
פָּגַר , Pi.פִּיגֵּר (cmp. פגם, בגר, פכר) to split, break up, destroy. Midr. Till. to Ps. XI, 3 אם הצדיקים שהשתיתו … ופִיגְּרוּ אותם וכ׳ when the wicked come and destroy the righteous that have established thy world &c.; Yalk. ib. 653 אם השיתין … עמדו רשעים ופִגְּרוּם וכ׳ if the wicked have risen and destroyed the foundations (of the Temple) which face the deep (v. שִׁית). Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXIX ופיגרו את בניך (ed. Bub. והרגו). Midr. Till. to Ps. X והצדיקים … ופגרו אותן and the righteous in whom thou didst find pleasure, the enemies haven risen and destroyed them; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּגַר 1Pa.פַּגֵּר same, to break up, destroy; to break through. Targ. Is. XIV, 17. Targ. O. Ex. XXIII, 24.—Ib. XIX, 21; 24; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְפַגַּר; f. מְפַגְּרָא; pl. מְפַגְּרִין, מְפַגְּרֵי; מפַגּרָתָא. Targ. I Kings XVIII, 30. Targ. Ez. XXXVI, 35.—Pesik. Zakhor, p. 26ᵃ (expl. ערו, Ps. CXXXVII, 7) פַּגְּרוּ פַּגְּרוּ destroy, destroy ye!; ib. ʿĂniya, p. 135ᵃ פַּגָּארוּ פַּגָּארוּ; (Pesik. R. s. 32 תברו); Midr. Till. to Ps. l. c.; Lam. R. to V, 1.—Lev. R. s. 19 (expl. נמהרי לב) מפגרי לבא those crushed at heart (with ref. to ימהרו, Nah. II, 6). Af. אַפְגַּרto wound, bruise. Nidd. 66ᵃ אַפְגּוּרֵי מַפְגְּרָא לה, v. בְּגַר. Ithpa. אִתְפַּגַּרto be destroyed, broken. Targ. Lam. II, 8 (h. text אמללו). Targ. Ez. XXX, 4; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּגַר 2Pi.) to be lax, faint (cmp. פּוּג). Pa. פַּגֵּרto relax, take vacation, be idle. Sabb. 129ᵇ יומא דמְפַגְּרֵי ביה רבנן a day on which the teachers took a hotiday. to cause to relax. Keth. 103ᵇ ור׳ סבר לא אֲפַגְּרֵיה and Rabbi thought, I will not cause him to relax (in his charitable work, by appointing him a member of the college; or ‘I will not wear him out’, overburden him). Ithpa. אִיפַּגֵּרto take vacation, absent one’s self. Ib. 111ᵇ אי׳ … ולא אתא he (the teacher) took a three days’ vacation and did not come (to school). Ib. אמאי אִיפַּגְּרַת why did you absent yourself? Af. אַפְגַּרto be indifferent, neglectful. Gen. R. s. 94 מאי טעמא א׳ מר why have you become indifferent (towards me)? ↗ expanded
פַּגָּר (פָּגַר; cmp. Syr. בגר repagulum, P. Sm. 448) bit. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. IV, 7 (some ed. פרומביא). ↗ expanded
פֶּגֶר v. פְּגַר II) lax, decaying, corpse.—Pl. פְּגָרִים. Gen. R. s. 44 (ref. to Gen. XV, 11) לכשיעשו בניך פ׳ בלא וכ׳ when thy children are lax bodies, without sinews and bones (bare of good deeds and character), thy merit shall stand by them. Y. Sot. V, 20ᶜ top ראו פִיגְרֵי … וכולם פ׳ מתים וכ׳ they saw the bodies of sinful men …, and all of them were dead bodies cast out at the shore; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּגַר 3 Targ. Is. XIV, 19; a. e.—Trnsf. (contemptuously) body. Targ. Prov. X, 13 (h. text גֵּו).—Pl. פִּגְרִין, פִּגְרַיָּא. Targ. Lev. XXVI, 30 (O. ed. Berl. פַּ׳; v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 39). Targ. O. Gen. XV, 11 ed. Bon. (ed. Berl. a. oth. פַּלְגַּיָּא; Ms. II פִּגְלַיָּא, ed. Vien. פַּגְלַ׳, v. פגל). Targ. Y. II, Deut. I, 1 פִּיגְ׳; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּגְרָא (פְּגַר I) damage (to a ship); indemnity for shipwreck. B. Mets. 69ᵇ ספינתא … אגרא ופ׳ when hiring a ship … you must pay rent and indemnity for damage, v. אַגְרָא I. Ib. 70ᵃ אגרא … ופ׳ בשעת שבירה the rent must be paid at the time of taking possession, and the indemnity, when the ship is wrecked. ↗ expanded
פָּגַשׁto strike against, meet, v. infra. Nif. נִפְגַּשׁto meet; to wrestle, fight. Deut. R. s. 11 נִפְגַּשִׁתִּי עם המלאך וכ׳ I wrestled with the angel and defeated him; אתה נִפְגַּשְׁתָּ וכ׳ thou didst meet the angel in thy territory; Yalk. ib. 951 פָּגַשְׁתִּי, פָּגַּשְׁתָּ. Hithpa. הִתְפַּגֵּשׁ,Nithpa. נִתְפַּגֵּשׁsame. Deut. R. s. 9; Yalk. Ps. 840. Y’lamd. to Gen. XLVIII, 1, quot. in Ar. מִתְפַּגֵּשׁ. ↗ expanded
*פְּגַשׁ , to strike, kick. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 15, quot. in Ar. פַּגְשׁוּ (as corresp. to כשית, v. Ibn Ezra a. l.). ↗ expanded
פַּגָּשׁK’far Paggash. Y. Ab. Zar. V, 44ᵈ. Tosef. Ab. Zar. VI (VII), 8 כפר פַּגָּשָׁה. ↗ expanded
פַּדָּא (= פדעא; פְּדַע; cmp. פָּדוֹעָא) פ׳ דמרא blade of the hoe (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Ascia); [comment. the club, handle of the hoe]. blow, wound. B. Kam. 27ᵇ שקל פ׳ דמ׳ וכ׳ Ar. a. Ms. H. (ed. פנ׳) he took a hoe and struck him.—Pl. פַּדֵּי (פַּנְדֵּי). Ib. מאה פ׳ בפדא וכ׳ he ought to have given him a hundred blows with the hoe. ↗ expanded
פָּדָא 2 (abbrev. of פְּדָיָה) pr. n. m. בר פ׳Bar-Pada, an Amora. Naz. 5ᵃ; Tem. 10ᵃ. Meïl. 4ᵇ בר פדת (corr. acc.; v. Tosaf. to Tem. l. c.). Macc. 2ᵃ; (Y. ib. I, beg. 31ᵃ בר פדייה); a. fr.—[Treat. Sof’rim XII, 3, v. פַּנְטִי.] ↗ expanded
פְּדָגוֹג (παιδάγωγος) pedagogue, tutor, a youth’s governor. Gen. R. s. 1 (expl. אמון, Prov. VIII, 30). Gen. R. s. 28 למלך שמסר את בנו לפ׳ וכ׳ like the case of a king that gave his son in charge of a governor, who led him to excesses. Pesik. Baḥod., p. 101ᵇ אמר פִּידָגוֹגוֹ וכ׳ said his tutor, let him go to school; a. fr.—Pl. פְּדָגוֹגִין, פִּידָ׳. Num. R. s. 1, beg. ולא העמדתי לכם שלשה פ׳ וכ׳ (not להם) and did I not assign to you three governors: Moses, Aaron, and Miriam? (Lev. R. s. 27 שלוחין). Deut. R. s. 2; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּדָגוֹגָא Targ. Y. Num. XI, 12.—Fem. פַּדְגּוּגְתָּא, פִּידְגּ׳nurse. Targ. Y. I Gen. XXXV, 8 (h. text מינקת). Ib. XXIV, 59 פרגוותה, פדגוותה, read: פַּדְגּוּגְתָּהּ. ↗ expanded
פְּדוּתredemption, delivery. Esth. R. to V (VII), 15; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּדַּחַתfront, forehead. Yeb. 120ᵃ … פ׳ ולא פרצוף ולא פ׳ וכ׳ an identification by the forehead without the face, or by the face without the forehead is illegal; Bekh. 46ᵇ. Ib.; Nidd. III, 5 איזהו רוב ראשו משתצא פַּדַּחְתּוֹ (not משיצא) what is ‘the larger part of its (the infant’s) head’? when its forehead comes forth. Macc. 20ᵇ ולפדחתו, v. פֵּאָה; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּדַחְתָּא Targ. Y. Ex. XXVIII, 38 פ׳ דבית אפוי (h. text מצח). ↗ expanded
פדי (b. h.) [to cut loose,] to liberate, redeem. Ab. Zar. 4ᵃ אם יש להם זכות אֶפְדֵּם if they have any merits, I will liberate them. Ib. (ref. to Hos. VII, 13) אני אמרתי אפדם בממונם וכ׳ I thought, I will ransom them by taking their money (impoverishing them) in this world, that they be admitted to the world to come. Deut. R. s. 2 ופוֹדֶה למי שרוצה he could acquit whomever he wanted to, opp. חָבַשׁ. Y. Yeb. XVI, 15ᶜ bot. הצלוב … ופְדָאֲתוֹ as regards him whom witnesses have seen impaled, I may say, an influential woman passed by and liberated him. Gitt. IV, 4 עבד שנשבה ופְדָאוּהוּ if a slave has been captured, and they (Jews) redeemed him. Ib. 6 אין פּוֹדִין את השבויין וכ׳ we must not redeem captured persons for more than their value, this is a measure of public benefit (v. תִּיקּוּן). Ib. 58ᵃ עד שאֶפְדֶּנּוּ בכל וכ׳ until I redeem him at any price they may ask. Maas. Sh. IV, 7 הפודה מעשר שני he that redeems second tithes (Deut. XIV, 26). Ib. 1 פּוֹדֵהוּ כשער מקומו he redeems the fruit at the market price of his own place. Ib. V, 4 כיצד פודין נטע רבעי how is fruit of the fourth year (Lev. XIX, 24) redeemed? מניח … כמה אדם רוצה לִפְדּוֹת לו בסלע וכ׳ he puts the basket down in the presence of three persons and says, how many basketfuls will a person buy for a Selʿa, to collect at his own expense?; a. v. fr.—Esp. a) to redeem the first-born (Ex. XIII, 12 sq.). Bekh. 49ᵇ הפודה את בנו וכ׳ if a man redeems his son before he is thirty days old. Ib. VIII, 6 הוא לפדות ובנו לפדות וכ׳ if he (the father) is to be redeemed (the parents having failed to redeem him), and the son is to be redeemed; Kidd. 29ᵃ. Ib. מצווה לפדות את עצמו is bound to redeem himself; a. fr.—b) to redeem an object dedicated to the sanctuary (Lev. XXVII, 13; 27, a. e.). Ib. פְּדָאוֹ במאתים וכ׳ if he bought an object back for two hundred Zuz, and before taking possession it went down &c.; a. fr.—Part. pass. פָּדוּי; f. פְּדוּיָה; pl. פְּדוּיִים, פְּדוּיִין, פְּדוּיוֹת. Ib. מה שפדה פ׳ what he bought is bought (his transaction is final). Bekh. 49ᵇ בנו פ׳ his son stands redeemed; a. e. Nif. נִפְדֶּהto be redeemed. Bekh. VIII, 6 בחזקת שלא נ׳ שנ׳ … the presumption is that he has not been redeemed, until evidence is offered that he has been. Ib. 7 וכולם נִפְדִּין בכסף וכ׳ and all of them are redeemed with money or money’s worth. Kidd. 29ᵃ תפדה תִּיפָּדֶה כל שמצווה וכ׳ ‘thou shalt redeem’ (Num. XVIII, 15), thou shalt be redeemed (redeem thyself): whosoever is (eventually) bound to redeem himself, is bound to redeem his son (but the mother is not bound to redeem her first-born son); a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּדִיָּה (preced.) redemption. Bekh. 12ᵇ (ref. to Num. XVIII, 15) לפ׳ הקשיתיו וכ׳ (the text) put it (the first-born ass) on an equal footing (with the first-born son) with regard to the duty of redemption, but to nothing else (any details of the law). Ib. I, 7 מצות פ׳ the duty of redeeming; a. fr.—Pl. פְּדִיּוֹת, פְּדִיּיוֹת. Ber. 55ᵇ שלש פ׳ three Biblical verses in which פדה occurs. ↗ expanded
פְּדָיָה (b. h.) pr. n. m. P’dayah; בר פ׳Bar-P’dayah, an Amora. Y. Macc. I, beg. 31ᵃ, v. פָּדָא II. Y. Peah IV, 18ᵇ bot.; Y. Ḥall. III, 59ᵃ bot. רבי פ׳ (corr. acc.). Pesik. Par., p. 37ᵇ; Pesik. R. s. 14 בר פדיון (corr. acc.); Koh. R. to VIII, 1; Yalk. ib. 977. Y. Sabb. I, 3ᵃ bot.; Y. Shek. II, end, 47ᵃ בר פתייא (corr. acc.); a. e.—V. Fr. M’bo, p. 70ᵇ ↗ expanded
פִּדְיוֹןdelivery; redemption, ransom. Snh. 106ᵃ אוי לה לאומה … עושה פ׳ לבניו woe to the nation that is found (to interfere), when the Lord prepares delivery for his children. Bekh. I, 6 פ׳ פטר חמור the animal designated as ransom for the first-born of an ass (Ex. XIII, 13). Ib. פ׳ מעשר שני the redemption money for the second tithes. Ib. II, 1 פ׳ הבן the redemption of the first-born son. Ib. 2, לאחר פִּדְיוֹנָן after they have been redeemed. Ḥull. 7ᵃ פ׳ שבויין the ransom of captives; a. fr.—[בר פדיון, v. פְּדָיָה.] ↗ expanded
פדייא , Y. Gitt. V, 47ᵇ some ed., read: פָּרַיָּיא, v. פָּרָא I↗ expanded
פַּדָּן (פדד to cut) ploughshare, plough. Targ. I Sam. XIII, 20.—Num. R. s. 8; Pesik. R. s. 23-24, v. סִכָּא. Lam. R. to I, 16 שרי תורך ושרי פַדְנָךְ untie thy oxen, and untie (take apart) thy plough (Y. Ber. II, 5ᵃ top קנקנך); a. e.—Pl. פַּדְנִין, פַּדְנַיָּא. Targ. I Sam. XIII, 21. (with תורי, or sub. תורי) yoke of (plough-) oxen, pair (corresp. to h. צמד). Targ. Hos. X, 10; a. fr.—B. Kam. 96ᵇ.—Pl. as ab. Targ. Job I, 3; a. fr. פַּדַּן אֲרָם (b. h.) pr. n. pl. Paddan-Aram. Targ. Gen. XXV, 20; a. e. ↗ expanded
פָּדַע (b. h.) = פָּדָה, to redeem. Y. Kidd. I, end, 61ᵈ (ref. to Job XXXIII, 24) פְּדָעֵהוּ בייסורין redeem him (let him expiate his sins) by sufferings (cmp. next w.). ↗ expanded
פְּדַע 1 (cmp. פדד, s. v. פַּדָּן) to split; to wound. Targ. I Kings XX, 37 (h. text פצע).—Snh. 109ᵇ דפ׳ ליה לחבריה וכ׳ (in Sodom) when a person wounded his neighbor, they told him, pay him for bleeding thee. Ib. פַּדְעֵיה Ms. M. one (of them) struck him; ed. פַּדְיוּהִי, פַּדְיוּהוּ (fr. פדי) they struck him. Lev. R. s. 12; Esth. R. to I, 22 (Par. 5) מחיוניה ופַדְעוּנֵיה they struck him and wounded him; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּדַע 2 (preced.) blow, wound. Targ. O. Ex. XXI, 25 (Y. פּוֹ׳, פּוּ׳). Targ. Y. I ib. XV, 25 פַּדְעָא.—Koh. R. to VI, 11 או חד פדעה or he receives a blow (from a noxious animal, v. אמכותי).—Pl. פִּדְעִין or פְּדָעִין. Lev. R. s. 12; Esth. R. to I, 22 (Par. 5) פ׳ דמגן (transl. of פצעים חנם, Prov. XXIII, 29) wounds unrequited. V. פּוּדְעֲתָא. ↗ expanded
פֶּדֶר (b. h.) fat. Tam. IV, 2. Ḥull. 27ᵃ, sq.; Yoma 26ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. פְּדָרִים, פְּדָרִין. Gen. R. s. 68 כנגד אברים ופ׳ וכ׳ the time for the evening prayer corresponds to the time of the consumption of the limbs and fat-pieces on the altar. Y. Yoma IV, 41ᵈ bot.; Ber. 26ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּדָתP’dath, father of R. Elazar. Erub. 54ᵇ; a. fr. son of R. Elazar, an Amora. Y. Meg. IV, 75ᶜ top; a. fr.—[Meïl. 4ᵇ, v. פָּדָא II.] ↗ expanded
פֶּה c. (b. h.) [opening,] orifice, mouth; speech. Ḥull. 142ᵃ, v. לָחַךְ. Pes. 113ᵇ המדבר אחד בפה ואחד בלב he who speaks one way with his mouth, and another way in his heart. Ex. R. s. 1 (play on בפרך, Ex. I, 13) בפה רך with soft (persuasive) speech; Sot. 11ᵇ. Tanḥ. Kor. 9 עד שהביאתו לפִי הארץ וכ׳ until it (the fire) brought him to the opening of the earth, among those that were swallowed up; Yalk. Num. 752. Sabb. 140ᵇ, sq. בהמה שפִּיהָ יפה a beast whose mouth is clean (that does not drop saliva when eating; oth. opin.: that is fastidious about its food), opp. שפיה רעה; a. v. fr.—Keth. I, 6, a. e. לא מִפּיהָ וכ׳, v. חָיָה. Shebu. IV, 1 מִפִּי עצמו (an oath) out of his own mouth (‘I swear that I know no testimony in thy case’), מפי אחרים administered by others.—בְּעַל פה or על פהby word of mouth. Gitt. 72ᵇ top אי אמר ר׳ יוסי בעל פה whether R. Yose had the same opinion in the case of a verbal condition. Ib. 60ᵇ תורה רוב בכתב ומיעוט על פה of the interpretations of the Law, the larger portion rests on the written text, the smaller on oral tradition. Ib. דברים שבכתב … על פה דברים שבעל פה וכ׳ written things (Biblical passages) must not be recited from memory, verbally transmitted words must not be recited from writing.—תורה שבעל פה (abbrev. שבע"פ) oral law. Yoma 28ᵇ, a. fr., v. כְּתָב.—לְפִי a) according to, in proportion to. B. Bath. 11ᵇ לפי בני אדם in proportion to the number of inhabitants of a house; לפי פתחים in proportion to the number of entrances (of a building); a. fr.—b) because. Snh. VII, 4 לפי שבאת לפיכך וכ׳ … because a human being has gone to ruin through it, therefore &c.; a. fr., v. לְפִיכָךְ.—Trnsf. any orifice. Ab. V, 6 פי הארץ the opening of the earth (that swallowed Korah); פי הבאר the opening for the well (Num. XXI, 16).—Nidd. 16ᵇ רוק בתוך הפה spittle in the mouth, euphem. for blood in the orifice of the matrix. Snh. 100ᵃ (play on תׄרׄופׄהׄ, Ez. XLVII, 12) להתׄירׄ פׄהׄ של מטה to open the lower orifice (the womb of the childless), opp. פה של מעלה the mouth; ib. להתיר פה עקרות; Men. 98ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. a) פִּיּוֹת. Deut. R. s. 2 (ref. to Zech. XIII, 8) הפ׳ שאומרים שתי וכ׳ those mouths that say, there are two powers (good and evil). Cant. R. to IV, 4 (play on תלפיות, ib.) ספר שאמרוהו פ׳ הרבה the book (תִּלִּים, Psalms) which many mouths have indited (the book of many authors). Ib. תׄלׄ שמתפללין בו כל פ׳ the mound (Temple ruins) towards which all mouths are directed in prayer; Ber. 30ᵃ. Ib. 5ᵃ (expl. פיפיות, Ps. CXLIX, 6) חרב של שתי פ׳ a two-edged sword; a. fr.—Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXVIII שתי פ׳ two faces, v. פִּינָּה.—b) פִּיפִיּוֹת. Num. R. s. 18 באותה … פ׳ הרבה at that moment many mouths of the earth were opened (Yalk. ib. 752 פיות).—c) (Chald. pl.) פּוּמִיןopen vessels; topmost layer in open vessels. Tosef. Ter. V, 11 אם יש [שם] מאה פ׳ וכ׳ if a hundred open vessels are there (in one of which an upper layer of T’rumah has been put) &c.; הפ׳ אסורין the upper layers are forbidden; Y. ib. IV, 43ᵃ bot. ↗ expanded
פ"ה the letter Pé. Sabb. 104ᵃ [read:] פ"ה כפופה פ"ה פשוטה פה פתוח פה סתום the curved Pé and the straight Pé (פ and ף) intimate: an open mouth (in due time), a closed mouth (in due time). Snh. 104ᵇ מפני מה הקדים פ"ה לע"ין why has Pé been placed before ‘Ayin (Lam. II, 16-17)? Gen. R. s. 84 (ref. to פׄסׄיׄםׄ) פ"א פוטיפר וכ׳ Pé intimates Potifar &c.; a. fr.—Pl. פֵּיפִין. Sabb. 103ᵇ טיתין פ׳ פ׳ טיתין one must be careful not to write Teths looking like Pés &c. ↗ expanded
פָּהpah, name of a worm in figs. Sabb. 90ᵃ פה דתאני וכ׳ the pah in figs … is dangerous. Ib. קטליה פ"ה לדין (not קטלה) the pah has killed that man. ↗ expanded
פְּהֵי (v. P. Sm. 3040) to be hollow, empty, idle; to run about, wander. Part. פָּהֵי. Targ. Prov. XVIII, 2 (ed. Wil. פחי, corr. acc.; h. text התגלות). ↗ expanded
פּוּאָהpuah, Rubia Tinctorum, dyer’s madder (v. Löw Pfl. p. 311). Shebi. V, 4 פ׳ של עידית the puah growing on choice land; פ׳ של צלעות growing on sides (of rocks); Y. ib. 36ᵃ top פ׳ של צילעות פיטרה (not פוטרה). Sabb. IX, 5. Ib. 66ᵇ (expl. קשרים, Mish. ib. VI, 9) קשורי פ׳ garlands of puah (a prophylactic); a. fr. ↗ expanded
פּוּגto evaporate, become faint; to escape. Tosef. Sabb. III (IV), 5 שתָּפוּג צינתן sufficient time for the cold in them to escape; Sabb. 40ᵇ שתפוג Ms. M. (ed. שתָּפִיג); Y. ib. III, 6ᵇ top שתפיג. Yoma 34ᵇ שתפוג Ms. M. (ed. שתפיג). Ker. 6ᵇ כדי שלא תפוג ריחה that its fragrance may not escape. Y. Bets. I, 60ᵈ top שטעמן פָּג their flavor would escape; a. fr. Hif. הֵפִיגsame, v. supra. Erub. 64 same, v. supra. Erub. 64ᵇ עד שיָפִיג יינינו until the wine we drank has escaped (the effect of the wine is overcome). until the wine we drank has escaped (the effect of the wine is overcome). to lose taste, intensity; to cause to escape; to cool off; to mitigate. Pes. 41ᵃ מים שאין מְפִיגִין טעמן water, which does not give up its taste (to the substance boiled in it) שאר משקין שמפיגין וכ׳ other liquids, which do communicate their taste. Bets. 14ᵃ כל התבלין מפיגין טעמן … מְפִיגָה וכ׳ all spices lose their taste (when pounded a day before), but salt does not &c. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXIX ה׳ את חמתו וכ׳ let out his anger on wood and stone. Snh. 22ᵇ דרך … מפיגין את היין a walk of a mile, or a little sleep cause the wine to escape (counteract the effect of the wine); Erub. l. c. Ib. שדרך מפיגה וכ׳ that walking counteracts &c. B. Bath. 10ᵃ יין מְפִיגוֹ, v. פַּחַד.—Yoma I, 7 והָפֵג אחת וכ׳ and drive out (thy drowsiness, cool thy feet) &c., v. אֶחָד. Ib. 75ᵇ דברים … מן מְפִיגָן the manna counteracted the effect of such food as traders sold them; a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוּג ²to evaporate, faint &c. Targ. Ps. XXXVIII, 9 פָּגִית (ed. Lag. פַּגְיִית, fr. פגי; h. text נפוגתי). Targ. Esth. II, 1 פג ed. Lag. (Var. פח). Targ. Hab. I, 4 פָּגַת (Levita פֵּיגַת, read: פָּיְגַת); a. e.—Part. פָּיֵג, פָּיֵיג; f. פָּיְגָא, פָּיְגַת; pl. פָּיְגָן. Targ. O. Gen. XLV, 26.—Y. Pes. III, 30ᵃ top מן דטלא פייגא מנהון (not מה) after the dew upon them has evaporated. Meg. 25ᵇ דלמא פייגא דעתייהו וכ׳ lest the minds of the congregation be fainting (lose courage, on hearing the curses); a. e. to weaken, mitigate. Part. פָּאֵיג. Targ. Lam. III, 49. Pa. פַּיֵּיגto cause relaxation; to slacken. Ib. II, 18. Targ. Prov. XIV, 30 מפייג ed. Lag. (oth. ed. מפליג). Af. אָפֵיגto let (the wine) escape. Targ. I Sam. I, 14. Ithpo. אִתְפּוֹגָגto seek relaxation from anger, trouble &c., seek diversion, sport. Lev. R. s. 27 לא אתא אלא לאתפוגגה וכ׳ he came only to sport with his children (not to argue with them seriously); ib. לא אתא אלא מתפגג׳ (read: מִתְפּוֹגְגָא); Yalk. Mic. 554 למתפונגא (corr. acc.); Num. R. s. 10; Cant. R. to V, 16 (not להתפ׳); Tanḥ. Emor 10. Ib. [read:] לא אתת דא אלא למִתְפַּגְּיָיא עם ברה this woman has come to court merely to have some sport with her son. ↗ expanded
פּוּגָא 1Puga. B. Bath. 90ᵇ, v. סוּגָא II. ↗ expanded
פּוּגָה 2 , פּוּגַת נפשrelaxation, recreation. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXXIII ויצא לפ׳ נ׳ וכ׳ he went out to look at the harvesters as a recreation. ↗ expanded
פ"וגחמ"ט , substitute for ופרסין (Dan. V, 25) by permutation of letters called א"ת ב"ש q. v. Snh. 22ᵃ; Cant. R. to III, 4; a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוּגְלָאradish, the soft tuber of the radish. Ber. 36ᵃ; Erub. 28ᵇ צנון … אדעתא דפ׳ the radish is planted for the sake of the tuber (to be eaten before it is hard and woody). Ḥag. 15ᵃ עקר פ׳ ממישרא וכ׳ (Elisha ben Ăbuya) tore a radish out of the ground on the Sabbath. Ab. Zar. 10ᵃ. Y. ib. II, 41ᵃ bot.; Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ top, v. נְעַץ; a. e.—Pl. פּוּגְלִין. Y. B. Bath. IX, 17ᵃ; Y. Peah VII, 20ᵇ top פיג׳. Gen. R. s. 67 שרי עקר פ׳ רברבין וכ׳ he (Rabbi) began to tear out the large radishes and plant small ones (intimating to Antoninus the necessity of removing the old officers and appointing new ones); Yalk. ib. 115; a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוֹדַגְרָא c. (ποδάγρα) gout in the feet, in gen. sore foot. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᶜ top (expl. צינית, Mish. Sabb. VI, 6) פ׳ (Bab. ib. 65ᵃ בת ארעא, v. אַרְעָא) a sore on the sole of the foot. Sot. 10ᵃ (ref. to I Kings XV, 23) אחזתו פד׳ he was seized with gout; Snh. 48ᵇ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 50); Num. R. s. 23 פלאגרא (corr. acc.); Tanḥ. Masʿé 12; Yalk. Kings 172.—[Y. Maasr. I, 49ᵃ bot. פודגרה, פיד׳, v. פּוּרְגָּרָה.] ↗ expanded
פּוֹדַגְרוֹס (ποδαγρός) suffering with gout, gouty, lame. Yalk. Lev. 469; Lev. R. s. 5 (not פודגריס; Ar. s. v. עלב: פטגריטוס, corr. acc.), v. דִּיאִיקִיטָא. [Koh. R. to V, 12 דגלוס פטרגוס, read: פּוֹדַלְגּוֹס or פודגרוס, v. דגלום.]—Pl. פּוֹדַגְרִין. Yalk. Sam. 161 מה היו עושין התשושין והפ׳ שבהם what did the feeble and the lame among them do? (Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 17 only התשושין). ↗ expanded
פּוֹדוֹפְסִילָא (ποδόψελλα) anklets. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵇ bot. (expl. אצעדה, Num. XXXI, 50) פד׳ Ar. (ed. כדופסלא, כרו׳, corr. acc., or כֵּירוֹפ׳, χειροψελλα(?); LXX ψέλλιον). Ib. (expl. צעדות, Is. III, 20) פדופסלה, פר׳ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פִּוְוסָרוֹס (Πευσαρος?) Peusarus (?), name of a tortuous street, prob. in Tiberias. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᶜ top דרך … כגון אהן פ׳ (ed. Lehm. פווסרס, ed. Krot. פופסדס) it was a tortuous road (where he met her, v. עַקְמוּמִית), like the P.; Y. Ab. Zar. I, 40ᵃ bot. פסוורוס. Y. Erub. VIII, 25ᵇ top אהן פיו׳ זרק מתוכה וכ׳ if one throws an object (on the Sabbath) from the P. into an open public road or vice versa, v. פָּלַשׁ I. Y. Shek. VII, 50ᶜ bot. נשכח מן פיוסרוס ולגיו (not דלגיו; Bab. ed. פיוסא, Ms. M. פווסרס) I wish I might find it somewhere towards the interior of the P. ↗ expanded
פּוּזְמְקֵי (Pers. pageng, v. Perles Et. St. p. 3, note) gaiters of red leather, fine shoes. Sabb. 10ᵃ רבא … רמי פ׳ ומצלי וכ׳ (Ms. M. מינקיט פרזמקי, corrected רמי) R. … put on fine gaiters for prayer, saying, prepare thyself to meet thy God (Am. IV, 12) ; Yalk. Am. 542 מנקט פזומקי (corr. acc.). Shebu. 31ᵃ (to people that came to court in rich dress) שלופו פַּזְמְקַיְיכוּ וכ׳ (late ed. פוזקמייכו; Ms. M. פומקייכו, corr. acc.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) take off your fine shoes, and come down for judgment. —2) soldiers’ leggins, greaves. Sabb. 62ᵃ (expl. מגפיים, Mish. ib. VI, 2) פזמקי. ↗ expanded
פּוּחַ (b. h.) to blow, blow up; פ׳ נפשto blow the soul out, to dishearten. Num. R. s. 20 מה אני הולך אצלו לָפוּחַ את נפשו why should I go to him (Balak) to dishearten him?; Tanḥ. Balak 13.—[Y. Ter. VIII, 46ᵃ top שתפוח הכרית, read: שתפרח, v. כְּרִית.] Hif. הֵפִיחַsame, esp. same, esp. to break wind. Sabb. 49ᵃ; 130ᵃ שלא יָפִיחַ בהן that he will not desecrate the T’fillin by passing winds. Ab. Zar. 17ᵃ חֵפִיחָה she broke &c.; a. e. to stir up. Midr. Till. to Ps. III אל תָּפִיחוּ את הישן do not stir up that which slumbers (do not disturb the accepted order of the psalms); Yalk. ib. 624 (not תפיחי). Pi. פִּיֵּיחַ (denom. of פִּיחַ) [to use powdered colors,] to paint. B. Bath. 60ᵇ ואין מְפַיְּיחִין, v. כִּיר; Tosef. ib. II, 17.—Part. pass. מְפוּיָּיח; f. מְפוּיֶּיחֶת. Ib. Tosef. Ter. VII, 16 מפויה ed. Zuck. (Var. מפויית; מצויר) read מְפוּיָּח or מְפוּיָּיח. ↗ expanded
פּוּחַ ²to blow. Y. Snh. I, 18ᶜ bot. פַּח (ed. Krot. פה, corr. acc.); Y. R. Hash. I, 58ᵇ top פּוֹחַ blow, breathe!, v. יַפַּח. to evaporate, (with נפשא) to despair. Targ. Y. Num. XXI, 30 עד דִּיפַח נפשיהּון until they are in despair (h. text עד נפח). to cool off, be sobered. Targ. Esth. II, 1 (ed. Lag. פג). ↗ expanded
פּוֹחֵר (v. פְּחַר) potter. Tanḥ. Vayikra 4 יש פ׳ מתאוה לכלי חרס does a potter want earthen vessels? ↗ expanded
פּוֹחֵת (פָּחַת) a scraping tool, chisel (?). Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. VII, 3 יד הפ׳ ובן הפ׳ quot. in R. S. to Kel. XXIX, 8 (ed. Zuck. יד הפחות ובין הפחות) the handle of a large or of a small scraper. ↗ expanded
פּוּטִיPuṭi, a disparaging abbreviation of Putiel. Snh. 82ᵇ, a. e., v. פָּטַם. ↗ expanded
פּוֹטְיָא (φωτία) brightness, v. פּוֹטָא. ↗ expanded
פּוּטִיאֵל (b. h.) pr. n. m. Putiel, the father-in-law of Elazar, son of Aaron, in Agadah identified with Jethro (and also with Joseph). Mekh. Yithro, ʿĂmal., s. 1 פׄוטׄ' שנפׄטׄר מע"ז Jethro was surnamed Putiel, because he withdrew from idolatry. B. Bath. 109ᵇ, a. e., v. פָּטַם a. פּוֹטָא. ↗ expanded
פּוּטְיוֹלִין (variously corrupted) pr. n. pl. Puteoli, a great sea-town of Italy. Macc. 24ᵃ שמעו קול המונה של רומי מפ׳ ברחוק מאה וכ׳ (ed. בבל מפלטיה, margin. vers. מפטילוס; Ms. M. מפלטוס, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) they heard the din of the city of Rome (on travelling) from P., at a distance of one hundred and seventy miles; Lam. R. to V, 18 פוטליילוס; Sifré Deut. 43 של מפטילון (v. הֶמְיָיה); Yalk. Is. 278 מפניליאוס. [The termination ־וס in the above forms corresponds to the accus. -ους, -os.] ↗ expanded
פּוֹטִינוֹס (φωτεινός) bright, splendid. Tanḥ. ed. Bub., Vayesheb 16 פׄוׄטׄיפׄרׄ שנכנס לביתו של פרעה ונעשה ביתו פׄוׄטׄיניס וכ׳ his name was Potifar (φωτοφόρος), because he entered the house of Pharaoh, and his house became bright, for he brightened up the house of Pharaoh; Gen. R. s. 86 (differ. paronomasia) שהיה פׄורׄע … כיון שירד הפׄרׄ לשם נעשה פׄוׄטׄינון Ar. (ed. פויטנון) he used to uncover himself before the idol, but when the bullock (Joseph, Deut. XXXIII, 17) came there, he (Potifar) became enlightened; Yalk. ib. 145 וכיון שירד יוסף … פ׳ [glossator explains עשירrich, v. Gen. XXXIX, 5]. ↗ expanded
פּוֹטִירִין (ποτήριον) poterion, name of a shrub (Astragalus Poterium), a species of tragacanth, yielding a gum which was used for spicing wines; פיילי פ׳a vial of poterion, a medicinal drink taken after bathing. Gen. R. s. 51 (ref. to מנת כוסם, Ps. XI, 6) כפ׳ פ׳ לאחר המרחץ (not פיטרין) like the vial of poterion after a bath; Y. Pes. X, 37ᶜ top דיפלי פ׳ כדיפלי פ׳ וכ׳ (corr. acc.); Yalk. Ps. 655 (not פוטרין). Gen. R. s. 10 כיון שיצא הביאו פ׳ פ׳ של יין לשתותו when he (Titus) came out of the bath, they handed him a vial of poterion wine to drink; Koh. R. to V, 8 כוס פ׳ פ׳ של יין (not פוטרין). Gen. R. s. 88 זבוב נמצא בתוך פ׳ פ׳ שלו a fly was found in his (Pharaoh’s) vial &c.; Yalk. ib. 146 סילי פושרין (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פּוּטִיתָאpuṭitha, name of a small fish or reptile. Macc. 16ᵇ; Pes. 24ᵃ; Erub. 28ᵃ ↗ expanded
פּוּךְ (b. h.) stibium, eye-paint. Sabb. 109ᵃ פ׳ מעביר וכ׳ stibium removes (cures) the King’s Daughter (v. מֶלֶךְ), stops the tears, and advances the growth of the eyelashes. B. Bath. 16ᵇ (expl. קרן הפוך, Job XLII, 14), v. רְשַׁק. ↗ expanded
פוכיאיא , Targ. I Sam. XIV, 16, some ed., read: סַכְוָאַיָּא, v. סַכְוָאָה↗ expanded
פוכלתרין , Treat. Tsitsith (ed. Kirchh., p. 22), read: פִּיבוֹלָטוֹרִין, v. תבלטירים↗ expanded
פּוֹל ²פלל or פולto split) bean. Kil. I, 1 פ׳ הלבן the white bean. Ib. 2 פ׳ מצרי the Egyptian bean (Colocasia); a. fr.—Pl. פּוֹלִין. Tosef. ib. II, 8, v. גַּמְלוֹן. Tosef. T’bul Yom I, 1; a. fr. ↗ expanded
*פּוּל (פָּלַל; cmp. פָּלָה) decision, search; בּעַל הַפּ׳ a superintendent of the Temple, guardsman. Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. I, 6 (R. S. to Kel. I, 9 הפיל). ↗ expanded
פּוֹלָא = h. פּוֹל. Targ. Ez. IV, 9. Targ. II Sam. XVII, 28 (ed. Wil. פּוּ׳; ed. Lag. פולין, pl.).—Y. Sabb. V, beg. 7ᵇ, a. e. פ׳ מיצרייא, v. לוּבִי.—Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ top (expl. פול, Mish. ib. I, 1) פולא R. S. to Kil. l. c. (ed. פילה, read פו׳).—Pl. פִּוֹלִין, פּוֹלֵי. Targ. Y. Deut. XIV, 19. Targ. II Sam. l. c., v. supra. ↗ expanded
פּוֹלוֹיָהPoloyah. Ex. R. s. 42 end יהודה בן פ׳, prob. to be read: פדייה; Pesik. R. s. 40 יהודה בר פניי׳ ed. Fr. (ed. Prag פליי׳, v. Friedm. note 48); Yalk. Cant. 988 פדיה. ↗ expanded
פּוֹלִחַ (פָּלַח) soldier, officer. Y’lamd. to Lev. V, 21, quot. in Ar., v. פָּגָן.—Pl. פּוֹלְחִין. Ib. to Deut. VII, 17, quot. in Ar. דרכן של פ׳ לובשין וכ׳ it is the custom of soldiers to wear nail-studded shoes. Ib. to Deut. XIX, 1, quot. in Ar. מוסרין … שני פ׳ וכ׳ they give each Israelite two soldiers to guard him. ↗ expanded
פולחן , Yalk. Num. 762, prob. to be read: פּוּחְלִין or פַּחְלִין; [glossator to Yalk.: = פֶּלֶךְ]. ↗ expanded
פּוּלְחָן (sometimes f.) (פְּלַח) servitude, service. Targ. Ez. XXIX, 18. Targ. Deut. XXVI, 6 (O. ed. Vien. פָּלְ׳); a. fr.—Esp. priestly service, Temple service, worship. Targ. Y. Ex. XXIV, 5; a. fr.—Targ. Y. Num. XXIII, 1, a. e. פ׳ נוכראה = h. עבודה זרה, idolatry.—Y. Ber. IV, beg. 7ᵃ (ref. to פלח. Dan. VI, 17) (in Hebr. dict.) וכי יש פ׳ בבבל וכ׳ was there Temple service in Babylonia? But … it means prayer. ↗ expanded
פוליא , Midr. Till. to Ps. IX פילוס בנה פ׳ (some ed. פיליא); Yalk. ib. 642 פיליש בנה פ׳, read: פיליפוס בנה פיליפא Philippus built Philippa (abbrev. of פיליפופוליסPhilippopolis). ↗ expanded
פּוֹלְיָיטוֹן (foliatum, φουλιᾶτον S.) an ointment or oil prepared from leaves of spikenard. Cant. R. to I, 3 לצלוחית של פ׳ like a flask of foliatum; Snh. 108ᵃ פָּלְיָיטוֹן; (Gen. R. s. 39 אפופלסמון); Ab. Zar. 35ᵇ פליטין (Ms. M. פילייטון, corr. acc.). Tosef. Dem. I, 26 (שמן) של פי׳ spikenard oil; Y. ib. I, end, 22ᵇ. Yalk. Num. 771 (ref. to כאהלים, Num. XXIV, 6) כפלוטין (corr. acc.) like foliatum. Ib. אתה מכנה אותן בבצלים … מכנה אותן בפליטון thou (Balaam) comparest them to onions whose smell is offensive, but I (the Lord) compare them to spikenard oil. Tosef. Sot. XV, 9 אף על פי׳ גזר וכ׳ Ben Baba forbade also the use of foliatum (after the destruction of the Temple), but &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוֹלִימַרְכוֹס (variously corrupted) m. (πολέμαρχος) polemarch, general. Sifré Num. 131 שלח המלך לפ׳ וכ׳ the king sent a general out and ordered (him) to devastate it (the province); Pesik. Shub., p. 160ᵃ פרומלוכוס (corr. acc.); Yalk. Hos. 532; 517; Yalk. Ex. 178; a. fr.—[Yalk. Lev. 631 שימש פ׳, v. פְּלוּמוֹפִּילוֹן.]—Pl. פּוֹלִימַרְכִים, פּוֹלִימַרְכִין, פּוֹלְמַ׳. Lam. R. introd. (R. Josh. 2) (expl. לשום כרים, Ez. XXI, 27) פ׳ Ar. (ed. פלימרכים, … כוס), v. כלירכין.—Ch. form: פּוֹלִימַרְכָא, פּוֹלְמַ׳. Targ. Ps. IX, 1 Ms. a. ed. Genua (missing in eds.).—Pl. פּוֹלִימַרְכִין, פּוֹלְמַ׳. Targ. II Esth. VIII, 7; a. e.—[Targ. Y. Gen. XXXII, 7; XXXIII, 1 פולמורכ׳, read: פּוּלְמוֹסִין.] ↗ expanded
פוליסוטות , Y. Bets. V, beg. 62ᵈ הפ׳, read: חפי לסוטות, v. חָף↗ expanded
פּוֹלִיפּוּס (πολύπους) polypus, a morbid growth in the nose. Keth. VII, 7 ואלו שכופין … ובעל פ׳ וכ׳ the following persons are forced to divorce their wives: one stricken with a skin disease, with a polypus &c.; expl. ib. 77ᵃ ריח החוטם whose nose is ill-smelling; ריח הפה whose mouth is &c.; Tosef. ib. VII, 11. Sabb. 109ᵃ יד מעלה פ׳ an unwashed hand (touching the nose) generates a polypus. Midr. Till. to Ps. VII, 10 רשע והוא חוטא … וחוטמה מעלה פ׳ a violent man and sinner (against God) is like an ungainly woman who has a polypus besides; a. e.—Pl. פוּלְפְּסִין (sub. בעלי) afflicted with polypus. Y. Ḥag. I, 76ᵃ bot. ↗ expanded
פּוֹלְמוֹס (πόλεμος) war, esp. war with the Romans. Sot. IX, 14 בפ׳ של אספסיינוס during the Vespasian war; בפ׳ של טיטוס during the Titus war; בפ׳ האחרון during the last war (Hadrianic revolution); Tosef. ib. XV, 8 (missing in ed. Zuck.). Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ top עד מתי אנו הורגין בפ׳ וכ׳ how long yet shall we slay one another in war?; a. fr.—[Tosef. Ḥull. III (IV), 27, read: פֵּילָמוֹס, v. אפונס.]—Pl. פּוֹלמוֹסָיוֹת, פּוּלְמְסָאוֹת, פּוּלְמְסָיוֹת. Par. VIII, 9 (מים) המכזבים בפ׳ waters which are known to have failed in wars. Y. Erub. I, end, 19ᵈ הרוגי פל׳ slain in battle (during a revolution). Y. Yoma V, 42ᵈ bot. Lam. R. to II, 2 כמה פ׳ עשה וכ׳ how many wars did Hadrian wage?; a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוֹלְמוֹסָאarmy. Ber. 30ᵇ דאתא פ׳ דמלכא וכ׳ when a royal army came to the city (of Nehardea); Ab. Zar. 70ᵇ ההוא פ׳ וכ׳ an army came &c. (Rashi: a commander). Ib. רובא דאתי בהדי פ׳ וכ׳ the majority of those that came in that army (or with that commander) were Jews. Ḥull. 46ᵃ; a. e.—Pl. פּוֹלְמוֹסִיןsoldiers. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXIII, 15. Ib. 1; XXXII, 7 (not פולמרכין, פולמורכ׳). ↗ expanded
פּוּלְסָא (פְּלַס; cmp. b. h. פֶּלֶס) circular plate or ring used as weight and as uncoined money (v. פִּילֵס). B. Mets. 47ᵇ (expl. אסימון, ib. IV, 1) פ׳ (Ar. פִּילְסָא) uncoined metal. Sabb. 65ᵃ ליעבד לה פ׳ let him use any circular plate for it (instead of a coin, סלע).—Pl. פּוּלְסִין, פּוּלְסֵי. Lev. R. s. 37 יהבת ליה אנתתיה עשרה פ׳ וכ׳ (not יהבי) his wife gave him ten pulsin, saying, buy something &c.—פ׳ דנורא heated disks or rings strung on a lash. B. Mets. 85ᵇ מחיוה שתין פ׳ דנ׳ they (in heaven) punished him with sixty fiery lashes; Yoma 77ᵃ (omitted in eds.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 3; Ms. M. פּוּלְסִים h. form); Ḥag. 15ᵃ. B. Mets. 47ᵃ הוה מפיק פ׳ דנ׳ (Rashi פולסא) he would have brought out before thee (shown thee) fiery disks (i.e. would have threatened thee with excommunication). ↗ expanded
פּוֹלָר (φολλερόν = φόλλις, S., v. בּוֹלְרִין) folleron, a small debased coin. Y. Peah I, 15ᵈ bot. מילה דטבא חד פ׳ a thing which is worth one folleron; Gen. R. s. 35, end; Yalk. Prov. 934 מילתא אחד פלן (corr. acc.).—Pl. פּוֹלְרִין, פּוֹלְרֵי. Gen. R. s. 70 אי … בי׳ פ׳ יהיב ליה חמשה פ׳ when labor was worth ten follera, he (Laban) gave him five; ואם … בו׳ פ׳ הוה יהיב ליה בג׳ פ׳ and if the load he brought in was worth six follera, he (Jacob) gave it to him for three. Gen. R. s. 49, v. עִיגּוּלָא. ↗ expanded
פּוּם = h. פֶּה. Targ. Ex. IV, 11. Targ. Y. ib. 10, v. חִגְּרָא. Targ. O. Gen. XXIX, 2, sq.; (Y. פֻּם); a. fr.—Targ. II Sam. XXIII, 8 בפ׳ קלא with the voice of command (?).—Sabb. 67ᵇ לפ׳ רבנן to the mouth of our teachers, v. חַיִּין. Ib. 141ᵃ אפּוּמֵיה דלחייא on the top of the pole. Ib. בפ׳ דשישא into the orifice of a bottle, v. אֲשִׁישָׁא. Ber. 62ᵃ דמי פומיה דאבא וכ׳ Abba’s mouth is like that of one that has never before sipped of a dish (he acts as if he touched a woman for the first time). Y. Ned. VII, end, 40ᶜ לית אורחא … בפ׳ בעי מימר וכ׳ is it not a man’s way (of speaking), when he sees a person at the entrance (of the town), to say, I saw him in Tiberias?; a. v. fr.—כְּפוּם, לְפוּם, לְפוּמָא ד־ = h. כְּפִי, לְפִי, according to; because. Targ. Lev. XXV, 52. Ib. 51. Targ. Prov. XII, 8 לפ׳ ed. Lag. (ed. בפ׳, (corr. acc.). Targ. Y. I Gen. XXXVIII, 25; a. fr.—לפ׳ כן = h. לְפִיכָךְ, therefore. Ib.; a. fr.—Ab. V, 22 לפ׳ צערא אגרא according to the pain (in studying) is the reward. Y. Ber. I, 3ᶜ bot. לפ׳ כן צריך וכ׳ therefore was it necessary to say &c.; a. fr.—Pl. פּוּמִין, פּוּמַיָּא. Targ. Prov. V, 4; a. e.—Y. Ber. I, 3ᵇ top אילו הוינא … תרין פ׳ had I been standing at the foot of Mount Sinai, I should have prayed that two mouths should be created for man, one for studying the Law &c.; Y. Sabb. I, 3ᵃ sq.; a. e.—[Hebr. plur. פּוּמִין, v. פֶּה.]—פום בדיתא, v. פּוּמְבְּדִיתָא.—פום נהרא, v. נַהֲרָא, &c. ↗ expanded
פּוּמְבְּדִיתָאPumb’ditha (Mouth of B’ditha, v. בְּדִיתָא), seat of a great Jewish academy, in Babylonia. Snh. 17ᵇ, a. e. סבי דפ׳ the elders (scholars) of P. (Jehudah and ʿEua); חריפי דפ׳, v. חָרִיף; a. v. fr.—Denom. פּוּמְבְּדִיתָאָה m. Pumb’dithean. Ḥull. 127ᵃ פ׳ לווייך וכ׳ (not פומבדיתא) if a Pumb’dithean joins thee (on the road), change thy inn (lest he rob thee).—Pl. פוּמְבְּדִיתָאֵי. Sabb. 153ᵃ ↗ expanded
פּוֹמְפִּי (πομπή, pompa) solemn procession, pomp, solemnity, ostentation. Y. Shek. I, beg. 45ᵈ כדי לעשות פומבי לדבר (Ms. M. פוספי, read פומפי) in order to give greater publicity to the act; Y. Yoma II, 39ᵈ top; ib. II, end, 40ᵃ; a. fr.—Pesik. R. s. 12 לפי שלא נעשית לה פ׳ כאמהות because she had not been given a public funeral as was given to the other Mothers. Ib. היה נעשה להם פ׳ (masc.). Ib. s. 5 עשה להם פומבה גדולה made a great demonstration for them. B. Bath. 145ᵇ עשה עמו בפ׳ וכ׳ if a man acted as a friend’s best man at a public wedding, and now asks his friend to be his best man at a private wedding. Ib. עתיר נכסין עתיר פ׳ וכ׳ rich in goods, rich in pomp (popular ovations)—that is the preacher of hagadah (v. אֲגָדָה); a. fr.—Trnsf. (v. Sophocles s. v. πομπή) disgrace, reproach. Ab. Zar. 54ᵇ לא דיין … שעושין סלע שלי פ׳ וכ׳ it is not enough for the wicked that they have made my coin (divine image of man) a public disgrace, but &c.—Gen. R. s. 86, beg. בני בכורי הוא ואני מורידו פורופי Ar. (read: פומפי = πομπῇ) he (Jacob) is my firstborn son, and shall I let him go down to Egypt in disgrace?—Ed. בני … בבזיון ואם ליתן בלבו של פרעה איני מורידו פומבי אלא וכ׳ (corr. after ‘Rashi’ ואם אתן בלבו … להורידו איני מורידו פ׳) he is my firstborn son, and shall I make him go down in contempt? and if I put it into Pharaoh’s heart to bring him down, do I not bring him down in disgrace? (‘Rashi’ אני מורידו פופילא, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פּוּמְפַּיָּיא (reduplic. of פּוּם) graters. Y. M. Kat. II, 81ᵇ top הורי באילין פ׳ וכ׳ decided concerning grating tools that it was permitted to make them during the festive week for use on the festival. ↗ expanded
פּוֹן (פְּנֵי) [turn,] a particle indicating the subjunctive mood, would, might. Targ. Gen. XXVI, 10. Targ. Num. XI, 29. Targ. Is. XLVIII, 18, sq.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פּוּנְדָּא (funda) money-bag, hollow belt. Kel. XXIX, 1. Sabb. 120ᵃ. Ib. X, 3 בפוּנְדָּתוֹ ופיה למטה (if he carries an object) in his belt with its opening downward. Ib. בין פונדתו לחלוקו between his belt and his undergarment; a. fr.—Tosef. B. Mets. VIII, 14 בפי פ׳ וכ׳ (not בפרפונדא) if he placed the object of trust in the mouth of his money-bag (whence it could easily be taken out or lost) or on the edge of his roof &c.—Pl. פּוּנְדָּיוֹת. Zab. IV, 4. ↗ expanded
פּוּנְדְּיוֹן (popular abridgment of Dupondium or Dipondium) Dupondium, a Roman coin equal to two Asses. Maas. Sh. IV, 8 והלך … הוא יוצא בפ׳ and he went to another place where the Isar (As) is worth a Dupondium. Kel. XVII, 11, a. e., v. כִּכָּר. Y. Maas. Sh. IV, 55ᵇ top שני איסרין פ׳ two Isars are one Dupondium. Ib. III, beg. 54ᵃ (not פונדיין); a. fr.—Bekh. 50ᵃ פּוּנְדִּין.—Pl. פּוּנְדְּיוֹנִין, פּוּנְדְּיוֹנוֹת. Y. Kidd. I, 58ᵈ; Tosef. B. Bath. V, 12, a. e., v. מְעָה. Tosef. Maas. Sh. IV, 13. Ib. III, 6; a. fr.—Bekh. l. c. פּוּנְדִּינִין. ↗ expanded
פּוּנְדָּק (πανδοκεῖον) inn, tavern, lodging place. B. Mets. 26ᵃ שעשאו פ׳ לשלשה בני אדם (not ישראל; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 4) when he made his house a lodging place for three persons (at the same time). Sot. 10ᵃ (expl. אשל, Gen. XXI, 33) חד אמר פרדס וחד אמר פ׳ one says, it means, Abraham planted an orchard, and one says, he put up an inn (for the reception of travellers); Gen. R. s. 54 (with play on אׄשׄלׄ) פונדיק שׄאׄלׄ מה תשאל וכ׳ an inn, (where they say,) ask what you may desire, cake, meat, &c. Macc. 10ᵇ הקב"ה מזמינן לפונדיק אחד the Lord causes them to meet at the same inn. Yeb. XVI, 7 (122ᵃ) והביאוהו בפונדוק (Y. ed. בפונדק) and they brought him (the sick man) to an inn; a. fr.—[Y. B. Mets. V, 10ᶜ bot. אבל בפ׳, read: בפִיסּוּק.]—Pl. פּוּנְדְּקות. Men. 32ᵇ בפוּנְדְּקוֹתֵיהֶן at the door of their lodgings. ↗ expanded
פּוּנְדְּקָא , inn, public house. Y. Ber. III, 6ᵈ top הוו יתבין קומי פ׳ ברמשא (or פּוּנְדֵּיקָא, not פונדקיא) sat in front of an inn in the evening. Ib. VI, 10ᵇ bot. פונדיקא דברכתא the inn of B’rakhta; a. e.—[Yalk. Gen. 150, v. פּוּנְדְּקַי.]—Pl. פּוּנְדְּקִין. Targ. Y. I Num. XXIV, 14. Targ. Y. II, Ex. XIV, 2; Targ. Y. II, Num. XXXIII, 7 פּוּנְדְּקֵי (ד)חירתא (h. text פי החירת); Targ. Y. ib. 8 פורוקי (corr. acc.). Targ. I Chr. I, 20 פּוּנְדּוֹקִין. ↗ expanded
פּוּנְדְּקִי (corrupt. of ποντική = κάρυον ποντικόν) filbert.—Pl. פּוּנְדְּקִיִּין, פּוּנְדְּקָאוֹת. Y. Naz. I, end, 51ᶜ פונדקרין (corr. acc.; Ar. פּוּנְדְּקִין). Y. Gitt. VII, 48ᵈ bot. פונדקאות עצמן if he ate the filberts themselves (with their burrs in their green state). ↗ expanded
פּוּנְדָּקִי (denom. of פּוּנְדָּק = πανδοκεύς) innkeeper, host. Gitt. VIII, 9; Eduy. IV, 7; Tosef. Yeb. I, 10; Tosef. Gitt. VIII (VI), 8 לנה עמו בפ׳ she staid over night with him (her divorced husband) as her host. Lev. R. s. 1 איו גנאי … עם פ׳ שלו it is not beneath a king’s dignity to speak to his host (so did the Lord speak to Abraham, ref. to Gen. XVIII, 1); a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוּנְדְּקַי Gen. R. s. 92 [read:] עובדא הוה בדרומא דהוה תמן חד פ׳ וכ׳ it happened in Darom that a certain innkeeper was there &c.; ib. ההוא פונדקאה (some ed. קא …, קה …, corr. acc.); Yalk. ib. 150 פונדק, פונדקא (corr. acc.); a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוּנְדָּקִית (preced. art.) hostess, innkeeper. Dem. III, 5; Ḥull. 6ᵇ הנותן לפ׳ שלו if one gives to his hostess (provisions to prepare). Yeb. XVI, 7 ובחזרתן אמרו לפ׳ וכ׳ and when they came back, they asked the (gentile) innkeeper. Ib. ולא תהא כהנת כפ׳ should a priest’s wife not be as good (an evidence) as that innkeeper? לכשתהא כפ׳ when she will be (offering such evidence) as that innkeeper; Tosef. Yeb. end לכשתהא פ׳ (corr. acc.). Esth. R. to I, 9 (proverbial expression) לא תהא כהנת כפ׳ should the priest’s wife &c., i.e. should the Lord not be at least as much revered as the idols?; Lam. R. introd. (R. Yitsḥ. 3); a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוּנְדְּקִיתָא , esp. keeper of a public house, harlot. Targ. Josh. II, 1 (h. text זונה). Targ. Ez. XXIII, 44.—Pl. פּוּנְדְּקָאָן, פּוּנְדְּקָן. Targ. I Kings III, 16 קאן … ed. Lag. (oth. ed. קן …). ↗ expanded
פּוֹנְטוֹס (Pontus, Πόντος) Pontus, the country bordering on the Pontus Euxinus. Targ. Y. Gen. X, 10 (h. text שנער (!); ib. XIV, 1 (some ed. בוגט׳, בונט׳).—Sifra B’har, Par. 1, ch. 1 מה שהוציא עקילס לעבדיו לפונשוס (corr. acc.) what Aquila exported (from Palestine) for his slaves to Pontus; Yalk. Lev. 659 לפנתוס (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פּוּנְקְלִין (πανούκλιον, Hesych. s. v. πήνιον; πανοῦλκος quot. in Sm. Ant. s. v. Tela; Lat. panuncula) threads wound around the bobbin. B. Kam. 119ᵇ אין לוקחין … ולא פ׳ (Ms. M. פונקנין, Ms. H. פונקין) you dare not buy from the weaver … threads of the bobbin (v. נִיר IV); Tosef. ib. XI, 11 פָּאנִיקְנִין (Var. פאנקין; anoth. var. סנאקנין, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פּוּסְקָא (פְּסַק) [decree,] pusḳa, name of a huge cup which every guest at a banquet must empty. Yalk. Esth. 1048 (fr. Abba Gorion) כך היה תכסיס … והוא נקרא פ׳ וכ׳ such was the order of things with the Persians: they had a large cup … which was called pusḳa &c.; v. פִּיתְקָא. ↗ expanded
פּוּסְתָּא (Pers. pûst, Perles Et. St., p. 16) [skin, rind on which writing is done,] sheet, page (cmp. יְרִיעָה, דַּף). Gitt. 58ᵃ, v. אִינְגַּד. ↗ expanded
פּוּעַ (cmp. פּוּחַ) to blow, v. פָּעָה. Hif. הֵפִיעַto make breathe, revive. Ex. R. s. 1 (ref. to פועה Ex. I, 15) שהיתה מְפִיעָה את התינוק וכ׳ she revived the infant (blew air into it), when people said, it is dead.—[Deut. R. s. 1 מפיע את מלכותי some ed., read: מוֹפִיעַ, fr. יָפַע.] ↗ expanded
פּוּעָה 1 (b. h.) pr. n. f. Puah, one of the midwives in Egypt. Ex. R. s. 1, v. פּוּעַ h. Sot. 11ᵇ, v. פָּעָה. Koh. R. to VII, 1, v. יָפַע; a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוֹעִירָהPoʿirah. Kidd. 66ᵃ אלעזר בן פ׳ a counsellor of king Yoḥănan (Jannai). ↗ expanded
פּוֹעַל 1work, achievement. Midr. Till. to Ps. XLIV ed. Bub. פ׳ שפעלת שיצאו וכ׳ the work which thou didst accomplish, that they went forth from Egypt; Yalk. ib. 746. Ned. 62ᵃ עשה דברים לשם פָּעֳלָם do things for the sake of their effect (for the good which is achieved through them (Treat. Der. Er. Zutta ch. II לשום פְּעוּלָּתָן); [Rashi: לשם פּוֹעֲלָם in the name of their Maker]. ↗ expanded
פּוֹעֵל (preced.) laborer, hired man, employee. B. Mets. II, 9 (30ᵇ) (בטל) היה בטל מסלע … כפ׳ if by taking charge of a lost animal he neglected his usual work to the extent of losing one Sela, he cannot say, give me one Sela, but he (the owner) pays him as he would pay an (idle) laborer, expl. ib. 31ᵇ כפ׳ בטל של אותה מלאכה וכ׳ like an idle laborer at the kind of work in which he was interrupted, i.e. as much as a laborer in that line would ask for stopping work for which he was engaged (which would be less than he would earn by working); [oth. opin.: as much as a laborer out of work would take rather than be idle]; ib. V, 4. Ib. 77ᵃ יד פ׳ על העליונה the laborer is at an advantage (v. יָד); יד פ׳ על התחתונה the laborer is at a disadvantage. Ib. 83ᵇ top פ׳ בכניסתו משלו the time needed for the laborer to go home from his work is part of his free time, i.e. must not be deducted from the hours belonging to the employer (v. הוֹצָאָה); Gen. R. s. 72; a. fr.—Pl. פּוֹעֲלִים, פּוֹעֲלִין. B. Mets. VII, 1. Ib. 89ᵇ; a. fr.—Ab. II, 15 היום … הפ׳ עצלים the day (of life) is short, the work large, and the workingmen (of the Lord) are lazy.—Pirké d’R. El. ch. XIX (ref. to Ps. XCII, 8) והציצו כל פּוֹעֲלֵי צורת וכ׳ and all workers of similitudes of sun and moon shall see that they and their work are vanity.—[Ned. 62ᵇ, v. preced. w.] ↗ expanded
פּוֹעַל 2same. Targ. Y. Deut. XXIII, 25, sq. (ed. Amst. פָּעַל, פּוֹעֵל).—Gen. G. s. 39, end, a. e. פ׳ טבא a good workingman, v. דָּהוֹן. B. Mets. 83ᵇ אגריתו לי כפ׳ דאורייתא you have hired me as a laborer in the Biblical sense (Ps. CIV, 23; you have no right to demand additional hours); a. fr.—Pl. פּוֹעֲלִין, פּוֹעֲלַיָּיא, פָּעֲ׳. Y. Taan. III, 66ᵈ bot. נפק לטורא לגבי פָּעֲלוֹי (not פעליי) went to the mountain to look after his laborers; a. fr. employer. Gen. R. s. 15; Yalk. ib. 20; v. פָּעַל I. ↗ expanded
פּוֹעֲלָא 2 c. = h. פּוֹעַל, work; earning. Gen. R. s. 70 אי הות פ׳ Ar. (ed. אין הוה פּוֹעֲלָה), v. פּוֹלָר. Gen. R. s. 68 סב פ׳ דאבוך Ar. (ed. פּוֹעֲלַיָּא pl.; Var. Ar. מדלא) take thy father’s earnings. ↗ expanded
פּוּץ (b. h.) to break through. Hif. הֵפִיץto break through, spread. Y. Snh. I, 19ᵇ sq. [read:] חד אמר … וחרנה אין עושין כל עיקר שמא יָפִיצוּ גוים ויבואו לארץ ישראל ואית דבעי מימר שמא יִפְרְצוּ אויבים ויבואו לידי קרחה one says (in the case of border towns condemned for idolatry, v. נָדַח), if there are two of them, we do not condemn them to be destroyed, if only one, we do; and another says, if there are several border towns near one another (of which one is to be condemned), we proceed (against the one, because the protection remains unimpaired), but if they are scattered, we do not; and a third one says, we must not destroy a border town under any circumstances, lest ravaging troops break forth and invade Palestine; but some would say (instead), lest a regular enemy invade and find an open country (v. Bab. Snh. 16ᵇ; Tosef. ib. XIV, 1). Pol. פּוֹצֵץto shatter, shiver, spread. Part. pass. מְפוֹצָץ; f. מְפוֹצֶצֶת. Lev. R. s. 27 עתידה בת קול להיות מפ׳ … ואומרת וכ׳ (not ואומר) in days to come a divine voice will be scattered in all directions (cmp. נִיצוֹץ) on the top of mountains and proclaim &c. Hithpol. הִתְפּוֹצֵץto be shattered. Kidd. 30ᵇ אם ברזל הוא מִתְפּוֹצֵץ if he (the tempter in man’s heart) is of iron, he will be shattered (by the study of God’s word, with ref. to Jer. XXIII, 29). ↗ expanded
פּוּקto go forth.—[לפוק, Kel. XXVIII, 2; Y. Erub. III, end, 25ᵇ, v. פָּקַק.] Hif. הֵפִיקto give forth, utter; to let pass, forego. Kidd. 39ᵇ; Ḥull. 142ᵃ, v. לָחַךְ.—Erub. 65ᵃ (play on Job XLI, 7) כל המֵפִיק מגן בשעת גאוה he who foregoes the Prayer of Benedictions (v. מָגֵן) in the moment of haughtiness (who being in wine has enough reverence left to him to feel his unworthiness to stand up in prayer); מאי משמע דהאי אפיק לישנא דעבורי הוא (Ms. O. מפיק) what authority is there for using the root פוק in the sense of passing? (Answ.: ref. to Job VI, 15). Ib. ר"י אומר כל שאינו מפיק איתמר R. J. says, the relation is ‘he who does not utter’ (prayer in a state of drunkenness); מאי משמע דההוא פוק לישנא דגלויי הוא where is the authority for using פוק in the sense of revealing? (Answ.: ref. to Ps. XVIII, 16); Yalk. Job 927. ↗ expanded
פוקטו , a corrupt., for פּוּנִיקִי (Punica, φοινική = φοινικική, sub. λαμπάς; v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Laterna). Punic lantern. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. II, 6 פ׳ שיש בה בית קבול שמן a lantern which contains a receptacle for oil, contrad. to שיש בה בית קבול נר which has a receptacle for a candlestick. ↗ expanded
פּוּקִיתָא = h. פּוּקָה, vacillation, weakness. Midr. Sam. ch. XXIII (ref. to פוקה, I Sam. XXV, 31) [read:] אמרה ליה אודהר מפ׳ דנפשא she said to him (David), be on thy guard against (bringing on thee) weakness of soul (loss of courage when thou wilt have to pronounce judgment on others). ↗ expanded
פּוּקְלָא (פקל) pod or capsule of a plant, boll (of flax).—Pl. פּוּקְלִין. Targ. Y. I Ex. IX, 31 (h. text גבעול).—[Nidd. 17ᵃ, v. פְּקוֹלִין.] ↗ expanded
פוקסמין , Ab. Zar. 33ᵇ Ms. M., v. פְּקִיסְנָא ↗ expanded
פוֹקָרִין (ποκάριον) lock or tuft of wool (used as lint on a wound). Tosef. Sabb. V (VI), 2; Sabb. 5Sabb. 50ᵃ בפוק׳ Ms. M. (ed. בפקו׳; Ms. O. בפיקור׳; corr. acc.). Gen. R. s. 77 נטל … פ׳ וכ׳ Jacob … took a tuft of wool and stuck it in his throat; Yalk. ib. 132 פוקרי (corr. acc.); Cant. R. to III, 6 נטל פרקדין וכרכו וכ׳ (corr. acc.) he took (a rope of) wool and wound it around his neck. Koh. R. to X, 16 אילו הייתי שם פ׳ וכ׳ (not פי׳) had I been there, I should have tied a rope of wool around his (Solomon’s) neck; Yalk. Kings 175 פקרין (corr. acc.). Y. Erub. X, beg. 26ᵃ כמין פ׳ היו בידו (not פיקרין) the T’fillin were in his hand (bundled up) like a tuft of wool (put on a wound). Tosef. Kil. V, 23 הפקרית והציפה וכ׳ (corr. acc.) lint (for wounds) and wool tufts are not subject to the law concerning mixture of wool and flax (כלאים). ↗ expanded
פּוּר , פִּיסָא; v. Halévy, Revue des Et. Juives XIV, p. 289 sq.) [piece, division,] lot. Sabb. 149ᵇ (ref. to חולש, Is. XIV, 12) שהיה מטיל פ׳ וכ׳ he used to cast lots on the nobles of his kingdom to find out &c. Esth. R. to III, 7 בתחלה הפיל פ׳ בימים first he cast the lot on days (of the week); הפיל פ׳ ביום אחד בשבת he cast the lot as to the first day of the week; a. e.—Ber. 16ᵇ יהי רצון שתַּשְׁכֵּן בפוּרֵינוּ וכ׳ (some ed. שתִּשְׁכּוֹן) may it be thy will to cause to dwell in our lot (that in our lot may dwell) love and brotherhood &c.; (Ms. M. בפוריינו, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.); Y. ib. IV, 7ᵈ bot. שתשכן בפוּרְיֵינוּ (from פּוּרְיָא).—Pl. פּוּרִים, פּוּרִין. Yalk. Num. 785 they did not come spontaneously, אלא פ׳ שהטילו עליהן but lots were cast for them; a. e.—Esp. Purim, the festival commemorating the delivery of the Jews of the Persian empire from the massacre with which they were threatened through the machinations of Haman. Ab. Zar. 17ᵇ, v. מְעָה. Meg. 7ᵇ סעודת פ׳ the festive meal of Purim. B. Mets. 106ᵇ, a. e. מגבת פ׳, v. מִגְבָּה; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פּוּרָא Targ. Esth. III, 7 (ed. Lag. מילתא).—Sabb. 149ᵇ לישנא דפ׳, v. חֵלֶשׁ.—Pl. פּוּרַיָּא, esp. the festival of Purim, v. preced. Targ. Esth. IX, 26; 28; a. e.—Meg. 7ᵇ מיחייב אינש לבסומי בפ׳ וכ׳ man is bound to make himself cheerful with wine on Purim, until he knows no more the difference &c. Ib. 5ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוֹרָא = פֵּירָא, fruit.—Pl. פּוֹרַיָּא, פּוֹרִין, פּוֹרֵי. Ruth R. introd. (ref. to תפיל, Prov. XIX, 15) כמד"א נפל שעריהון דפ׳ as you say, the price of fruits has fallen (meaning, fruits are plentiful). Y. Taan. III, 66ᵈ top איתון חמון פ׳ דשמש come and see the fruits of the sun (of a hot and dry year). Gen. R. s. 71 (ref. to עיניו Job XXXVI, 7) כאינש דאמר עיניהון דפוֹרַיָּה (not עינוהי) as a man says, the eyes (prospects) of the fruits (hopes of success; Midr. Sam. ch. XXVIII עייניהון קפידיהין, v. קְפֵידָא). Y. B. Mets. II, end, 8ᵈ בריך רחמנא דחמי לי פ׳ עד וכ׳ blessed be the Merciful who made me see fruits (success of my pupil), while I am alive; a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְגָּרָה (redupl. of פְּרַג) a sprouting bulb, seed-onion. Y. Peah III, 17ᶜ (expl. אמהות של בצלים, Mish. ib. III, 4) רב אמר פ׳ Rab says, it is what we call purgarah (R. S. a. l. פּרגד, read: פַּרְגַּר). Y. Maasr. I, 49ᵃ bot. (expl. משיפקל, Mish. ib. I, 6) מן דו ירים פ׳ (not פוד׳, פיד׳) when the seed-onion is separated from the onions, v. פָּקַל. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְיָא Targ. Cant. I, 16 את משרי בפוריינא חיבתא ed. Lag. (ed. Amst. חביבתא, corr. acc.) thou causest love to dwell in our lot (v. פּוּר). ↗ expanded
פּוּרְיָא 2 c. (פרי, sec. r. of פרר; v. אַפִּרְיוֹן) [frame,] couch, esp. the bride’s litter. Pesik. R. s. 43 הושיבה עמרם בפ׳, v. אַפִּרְיוֹן. Cant. R. to IV, 11 מה כלה זו יושבת בפוּרְיָהּ וכ׳ as a bride is seated in her litter (is carried in procession, as if) saying, behold, I am pure &c. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְיָא ² , bed. Sabb. 118ᵃ (expl. פרנסת לינה) פ׳ ובי סדיא a bedstead and a cushion; B. Bath. 9ᵃ; M. Kat. 11ᵃ כוורא … ולא ליטעון פ׳ after fish, cresses and milk, let the body be laden but not the bed (walk but do not lie down). Keth. 10ᵇ (etymol.) פ׳ שפרין וכ׳ the bed is called puria, because on it men multiply and increase; a. fr.—Yalk. Gen. 70 הוה להו פ׳ דהוו מגנו אורחי עלה they (in Sodom) had a bed on which they let strangers sleep; Snh. 109ᵇ הויא להו פּוּרְיְיתָא (Ms. M. כורסייתא; Yalk. ed. Salon. ביסריא, read: בי סדיא).—Pl. פּוּרְיָיתָא. Sabb. 121ᵃ sq. לרב … אייתו להו פ׳ (Ms. O. פורייא) for R. J. and R. J. … they brought couches in. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְיוֹמָא = h. פִּרְיוֹם, litter. Y. Keth. II, beg. 26ᵃ (expl. הינומא, Mish. ib. I, 1) רבנן … פ׳ the Palestinian scholars call it puryoma, v. הֵינוּמָא. Cant. R. to III, 10 אפריון זה הארון ומה הוא אפריון פר׳ appiryon (Cant. III, 9) refers to the holy ark, and what does appiryon mean? A litter. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְיוֹן (cmp. פִּדְיוֹם = פִּדְיוֹן) same, litter. Mekh. Mishp. s. 1, v. לֶקְטִיקָא.—[Num. R. s. 12; Cant. R. to III, 10 Mus., v. פִּרְיוֹם.] [Φορεῖον is a phonetic coincidence with our w.] ↗ expanded
פּוּרְיְיתָא 2 (preced.) [frame,] lid with rims, close-fitting cover (corresp. to דּוֹפֵק, v. Sifré Num. 126, quot. s. v. פָּתִיל). Targ. Y. II, Num. XIX, 15 פ׳ משעא pasted-on lid (h. text צמיד פתיל; Y. I מגופתא). ↗ expanded
פּוּרְמָא (פָּרַם) piece of cloth, rag used as a mask, bandage over the eyes. Tanḥ. Mishp. 19 פ׳ בפניהם כגון חמורים וכ׳ they (the demons) have a mask over their faces like the millers’ asses; וכשהעונות גורמין הפ׳ נגלה וכ׳ and when man’s sins bring it about, the mask is removed, and man becomes insane; Yalk. Ps. 772 וכל אחד … פרמא בעיניהם וכ׳ (read: בפני ע׳) and every one of them has a bandage over his eyes; Midr. Till. to Ps. XVII פְּרָאמָא נתון לפני עיניהן וכ׳ (ed. Bub. נתונה); Yalk. Ps. 670 פרואמה, פרואמי׳ (a confusion of פורמא and פראמא); Y’lamd. to Deut. II, 31, quot. in Ar. פורמא ed. Koh. (oth. ed. פומאריה, פומארים, corr. acc.).—Pl. פּוּרְמַיָּא, פּוּרְמֵי, פְּרָ׳. Sabb. 66ᵇ, v. פְּדָאמֵי. Yalk. Gen. 79 עתיד לך פְּרוּמֵי get thyself bandages (as for an ass in the tread-mill); v. פּוּרְבִּי. ↗ expanded
פּוֹרָן (פָּרַר; cmp. Hif.הֵפֵר) one who breaks his promise, perfidious.—Pl. פּוֹרָנִים. Sifré Deut. 320 (synonymous with הֲפַכְפְּכָן); Yalk. ib. 945 פרדנין (some ed. מרדנין, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פּוֹרְנִי (πόρνη) harlot. Lev. R. s. 33 פילא פ׳, v. בְּלֵי I; Yalk. Dan. 1061. Cant. R. to III, 4 פגי (corr. acc.), v. באמי.— (cmp. Lat. adultera, adulterina, sub. clavis; v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Clavis) skeleton-key. Kel. XI, 4 הפורני Ar. ed. Koh. (ed. הפורנא, הפורנה). ↗ expanded
פּוּרְנִי (an adaptation of furnus, φοῦρνος, as if from פָּרַן) [the supplier,] a stationary, large baking oven, contrad. to תנור. Tosef. Bets. III, 20; Bets. 34ᵃ. Pes. 31ᵇ פת פ׳ bread baked in the purni (large loaves). Ab. Zar. 35ᵇ פת פ׳ מאפה סאה bread of an oven of a batch of a S’ah of flour; a. fr.—Kel. VIII, 9 פּוּרְנָה an earthen oven; Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. VI, 17 פּוּרְנָא. ↗ expanded
פּוֹרָנִית (preced. art.) supply of bread, sustenance (cmp. פַּרְנָסָה). Gen. R. s. 67 [read:] פּוֹרָנִיתְךָ אפויה וכ׳ thy sustenance is baked for thee everywhere, v. אָפָה; Yalk. ib. 115 פורניותו אפוי (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פורנס , Gen. R. s. 68 some ed.; Yalk. Gen. 119, read: טוֹרוֹס; v. פְּלוּמָא ↗ expanded
פּוּרְסָא (פְּרַס I) division, arrangement, order, proper time (cmp. קֵץ). Sabb. 129ᵇ פ׳ דדמא כל וכ׳ the order (proper period) for blood-letting is every thirty days; פ׳ דדמא חד וכ׳ the order (proper day) for blood-letting is the first day of the week &c. Gitt. 37ᵃ (explaining פרוסבול) פ׳ דמילתא the arrangement (institution) of a measure. ↗ expanded
פּוֹרָסָא (preced.) [distributor, cmp. Lat. dispensator,] manager, purser.—Pl. פּוֹרָסֵי. Yoma 9ᵃ מאי פרהדרין פ׳ what does parhedrin mean? Managers (v. פַּרְהֶדְרִין). Yeb. 45ᵇ מנייה בפ׳ דבבל appointed him one of the collectors of Babylonia; Sabb. 154ᵃ בפוֹרָסַיָּה דבבל; (Rashi בפורסי; Tosaf. אַפּוֹרָסַיָּה, אפורסייה over the collectors of &c.).—[Gitt. 28ᵇ, v. next w.] ↗ expanded
(פורסישמנג (Pers. pursiš nâmeh, Perl. Et. St., p. 36) investigation paper, verdict. Gitt. 28ᵇ מקמי דלחתום פ׳ (ed. פורסי שנמג, read: פורסיש נמג) before the verdict is signed. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְסָן (פְּרַס I, cmp. פּוּרְסָא) distribution, arrangement, assessment, valuation (h. עֶרֶךְ). Targ. O. Lev. XXVII, 2, sq. Ib. V, 15; a. fr.—[Denom. אִיפַּרְסֵן q. v.] ↗ expanded
פּוּרְעָן ² (preced.) [payer,] avenger, executor. Targ. Nah. I, 2 (h. text נֹקֵם). Targ. Y. Ex. XX, 5; a. e.—Pl. פּוּרְעָנִין. Targ. O. Deut. XVI, 18 (ed. Vien. פֻּרְ׳; h. text שטרים). Targ. II Chr. XXXIV, 13. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְעָנוּת (preced. wds.) retribution, reward; esp. punishment, divine visitation; evil dispensation, reverses. Yoma 76ᵃ; Snh. 100ᵇ, a. e. מידה טובה מרובה ממידת פ׳ the measure of divine goodness is larger than that of evil dispensation. Ib. 102ᵃ עת היא מזומנת לפ׳ (not מזומן) there is a time designated for visitation (of man’s sins); מקום … לפ׳ there is a place designated for &c. Ab. I, 7, v. יָאַשׁ; a. v. fr.—B. Bath. 14ᵇ, v. next w.—Pl. פּוּרְעָנִיּוֹת. Ab. V, 8 שבעה מיני פ׳ וכ׳ (some ed. sing.) seven kinds of visitations come upon the world. Taan. 14ᵃ ושאר כל מיני פ׳ וכ׳ and all other calamities that threaten &c.; B. Kam. 80ᵇ. R. Hash. 18ᵇ אני מונה לסדר פ׳ I count (the fast-days) according to the chronological order of the sad events (which they commemorate); a. fr. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְעָנוּתָאrepayment, reciprocation. Targ. Prov. XIX, 17.—M. Kat. 22ᵇ Ms. M. (ed. פּוּרְעַנְתָּא), v. אֲרִישְׂתָּא. punishment, evil dispensation. Targ. Y. Deut. XXVIII, 24. Targ. Jer. XIV, 19; a. fr.—B. Bath. 14ᵇ אתחולי בפ׳ וכ׳ we must not begin with evil events (not place the Book of Job at the head of the Hagiographa); ib. 108ᵃ (ref. to Mish. ib. VIII, 1) אתחולי בפ׳ וכ׳ we must not place the case of evil (of parents surviving their children) first. Ib. 14ᵇ (והא)רות נמי פ׳ הוא Ms. O. a. R. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 2) but does not the Book of Ruth likewise contain a tale of evil dispensations? (Answ.) פ׳ היא דאית לה אחרית Ms. H. (ed. פורענות דאית ליה וכ׳) it is a tale of misfortune which ends well; a. e.—Pl. פּוּרְעַנְוָון, פּוּרְעַנְוָן. Targ. Ez. XXV, 17. Ib. XIV, 21 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. פּוּרְעָנִין). ↗ expanded
פּוּרְפּוּרָא c. (φορφύρα, purpura) purple, esp. purple cloak, royal garment. Cant. R. to IV, 12 (expl. רקמה, Ez. XVI, 10) פ׳ purple garments; Pesik. B’shall., p. 84ᵇ פורפירון; Lam. R. beg. (some ed. פורפריא). Ib. מבזע פ׳ שלו he rends his purple cloak (in mourning); ib. to II, 17 בזע פּוּרְפִּירֵיה (some ed. פורפירין, corr. acc.), v. בְּזע. Ex. R. s. 30 גינו בפ׳ שהוא לבוש (not בפורפרא) they criticised the cloak he wore. Deut. R. s. 7 לְבוֹשׁ פ׳ שלי put on my royal cloak. Esth. R. to III, 6 פ׳ דמלכא מזדבנא וכ׳ the royal purple is sold, woe to him who sells, woe to him who buys it; כך ישראל הן פ׳ שהק"בה מתפאר בהן (some ed. פורפריא) so Israel is the purple cloak, for the Lord is glorified through them; a. v. fr.—Pl. פּוּרְפְּרָאוֹת. Pesik. R. s. 10, v. פּוּרְפּוּרְיָא. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְפּוּרְיָאsame. Gen. R. s. 85, end פ׳ בבליא a Babylonian purple cloak; (Yalk. Josh. 18 פורפירא בבליקון). Lam. R. beg., v. preced. Midr. Till. to Ps. IX, 13 כותבו בפ׳ שלו marks it (with blood) on his purple; Yalk. ib. 645 בפורפירא (some ed. בפורפיר); v. next w.—Pl. פּוּרְפַּרְיָאוֹת, interch. with פּוֹרְפְּרָאוֹת. Pesik. R. s. 10; a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְפּוּרְיוֹן (πορφύριον) same. Yalk. Ps. 869 (quot. fr. Y’lamd.) … כביכול נוטל … וטובל פ׳ שלו … ולובש אותו פ׳ וכ׳ the Lord, as it were, takes of every (martyr’s) life-blood, and dips his purple in it …, and when the day of judgment comes …, he puts on that purple and shows the body of every righteous man marked on it &c.; Yalk. Num. 785. Gen. R. s. 74 והעביר פ׳ מעליו וכ׳ (not פיפורין) took off the purple cloak and the crown &c.; a. fr.—Pl. פּוּרְפּוּרִין, פּוּרְפִּי׳, פּוּרְפְּרִין. Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 8; Lev. R. s. 2; Pesik. Shek. 16ᵇ (not רון …); a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְצְמָא (v. next w.; sub. יין) wine made of kernels. B. Bath. 95ᵇ (Rashb.) פּוּרְצְמִין pl.; Ar. פַּרְצוּמָא; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 8. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְצָנָא , pl. פּוּרְצָנִין, פּוּרְצָנֵי (פצץ, with anorg. ר; cmp. פַּרְצִידָא) kernels of grapes, a pomace of kernels. Targ. O. Num. VI, 5 (ed. Vien. פּוּרְצְ׳); quot. Naz. 39ᵃ.—Ab. Zar. 34ᵇ פ׳ דארמאי kernels sold by gentiles. Pes. 42ᵇ בדפ׳ when the drink (תָּמָד) is made of kernels. Ber. 38ᵃ או דפ׳ קאמרת or do you mean (by trimma) a drink made of kernels? Ḥull. 110ᵃ בפ׳ over a fire made with kernels (cmp. סוּפְלֵי). ↗ expanded
פּוּרְקְדָל (denomin. of פרקד) a blow on the back. Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ bot. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְקְדָן species of peas. Kil. I, 1 (Ms. M. פרקדן), expl. Y. ib. 27ᵃ top גּוּלְבִּינָה. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְקָן (פְּרַק) redemption money, redemption; delivery. Targ. O. Num. III, 46; 48, sq. Targ. Ps. XXXIII, 17. Ib. XCVI, 2. Ib. XCV, 1 פּוּרְקְנָנָא ed. Lag. (oth. ed. פורקנא, corr. acc.); a. fr.—Y. Meg. I, 70ᶜ bot. והוה פר׳; Meg. Taan. ch. XII והוה פו׳ לבית ישראל there came release to the house of Israel; a. e.—V. פִּרְקוֹנָא. ↗ expanded
פּוּרְקָנוּת f. same. Targ. Ps. XLIV, 5. Ib. XXVIII, 8; a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוֹרְתָּא (preced.) fragment, portion. Y. Ber. II, 5ᵃ bot. קטר פּוֹרְתֵּיה לפורתיה he tied his (R. Jacob’s) portion to his own. Gitt. 34ᵇ קרו … ופ׳ שרה they called her Miriam, but a portion (some few people) called her Sarah; a. e. a little. Kidd. 70ᵃ, v. גּוּנְדְּרִיתָא. Gitt. 56ᵇ, v. הַצָּלָה. Ib. עד דרווח מיעיה פ׳ פ׳ until his (shrunken) bowels gradually extended. B. Mets. 118ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פּוּשׁ (cmp. נָפַשׁ) to breathe; to rest one’s self. Sabb. 5ᵇ עמד לָפוּשׁ he stood still in order to rest, opp. לכתף to adjust his load; B. Kam. 31ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוּשׁ ² (preced.; b. h. פּוּשׁ) [to be blown up,] to expand, grow larger, increase; to remain over. Targ. O. Gen. XXVI, 22 (ed. Berl. ויַפְשִׁינָנָא, v. infra).—Part. פָּשׁ, פָּיֵישׁ, פָּיֵשׁ; pl. פָּשָׁן, פַּיְישִׁין. Targ. Cant. VI, 11. Ib. I, 16.—Keth. 106ᵃ הוו פַיְישֵׁי וכ׳ there remained with him &c. Taan. 20ᵇ דהוה פָיֵישׁ וכ׳, v. גִּינָּאָה. Sabb. 89ᵇ פָּשׁוּ להו חמשין there remain fifty; a. fr.—Lam. R. to II, 2 אף אינין לא פָשַׁת להון טב with them, too, it did not prosper well, i.e. they did not end well (Y. Taan. IV, 69ᵃ לא נפקין טבאות). Af. אָפֵישׁ, אַפְשֵׁיto enlarge, increase. Targ. Ps. CV, 24. Targ. Job XXXVI, 24 תָּפֵישׁ (not תְּפִישׁ). Targ. Y. (a. O. ed. Berl.) Gen. l. c. יַפְשִׁינָנָא he will increase us (h. text ופרינו); a. e.—Sabb. 32ᵃ תָּפֵישׁ תירוס וכ׳ (Ar. תֵּיפיּשׁPe.), v. מַחְטְרָא; Yalk. Gen. 31; a. e.—V. נְפֵישׁ. ↗ expanded
פּוּשְׁכָּא (פשך, cmp. פשחto split, part) [spread fingers,] hand-breadth, palm (cmp. פַּרְסָה II). Targ. Ex. XXV, 25 (Y. II טוֹפַח). Ib. XXXVII, 12 (not פְּשַׂךְ). Targ. Ez. XL, 5. Targ. Y. Lev. XXIII, 42 (ed. Diehrenf. פּוּשְׁחָא); a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 16 Ar., v. קוֹרְטָא.—Pl. פּוּשְׁכִּין, פּוּשְׁכַּיָּא, פּוּשְׁכֵּי. Targ. I Kings VII, 9 (projections, eaves; h. text טפחות). Targ. Y. Lev. l. c. (ed. Diehrenfurt פּוּשְׁחֵי); a. e.—Y. Succ. III, beg. 53ᶜ פ׳ רברבין large (wide) handbreadths; פ׳ דקיקין small (narrow) handbreadths (v. טֶפַח, a. עָצֵב). Bab. Succ. 5ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded
פּוּשְׁקָא m. = פּוּשְׁכָּא. Yalk. Dan. 1062 נבוכדנצר ננסא קטיעא פ׳ (some ed. פי׳) Neb. the dwarf, the stump, as big as the palm of the hand (prob. to be read פּוּשְׁקָאָה, cmp. אֶצְבָּעִי), v. קוֹרְטָא↗ expanded
פּוּשְׁקַנְצָה (prob. = פּוּשׁ קִצָּאlarge tail) raven. B. Bath. 73ᵇ אתא פ׳ ובלעה וכ׳ (Ms. M. פושקצא ובלעיה) a raven came and swallowed the snake. ↗ expanded
פּוֹשֵׁר , pl. פּוֹשְׁרִים, פּוֹשְׁרִיןtepid (water), v. פָּשַׁר. ↗ expanded
פּוּשְׁרָנָא (פְּשַׁר) = h. פִּתְרוֹן, solution, interpretation. Targ. Gen. XL, 5. Ib. 8 פושרן חלמייא Y. a. O. ed. Berl. (some ed. פושרן only, corr. acc.); a. fr. ↗ expanded
פּוּשְׁתַּבְנָאPushtabna, name of a tall man. Num. R. s. 9 (ed. Leipz. פושתכ׳); Nidd. 25ᵃ top פרשתבינא (read: פוש׳; Ar. פשתיכנא). [Tosaf. to Nidd. l. c. an official title.] ↗ expanded
פות , Tosef. Ter. VII, 16 מפויית Var. ed. Zuck., v. פּוּחַ h. ↗ expanded
פּוּת (= חפּוּת, cmp. דּוּת = חַדּוּת; חָפַף II) scraper, strigil. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. II, 12 הַפּוּת של וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. ספות, R. S. to Kel. XII, 6 חבית, read: חפות) the metal scraper in private houses, contrad. to מגררות של אולירין. ↗ expanded
פּוּתָא = h. פּוּאָה. Sabb. 66ᵇ (ref. to the use of puah as a prophylactic) נפל פ׳ בבירא the puah has fallen into a pit (it has fallen into desuetude). ↗ expanded
פּוֹתָהפֹּתוֹת pl.; v. ) socket of the door-pin. Kel. XI, 2 פ׳ שתחת הציר ed. Dehr. (oth. ed. פּוֹתֵת) the hole under the hinge; Num. R. s. 12 (expl. פתות, I Kings VII, 50) זה פותה וכ׳ (some ed. פותת) this is (what the Mishnah Kel. l. c. calls) &c.—Pl. פּוֹתוֹת. Pesik. R. s. 6. ↗ expanded
פּוֹתֵחַ (פָּתַח) opening, aperture; פ׳ טפח an aperture a hand-breadth wide. Ohol. III, 6 בפ׳ ט׳ the aperture required in the case is a hand-breadth wide. Ib. 7 יש בו פ׳ ט׳ ויש ביציאתו פ׳ ט׳ if it (the gutter) is a hand-breadth wide, and its outer end is of the same size &c. Ib. XIII, 2 שעורה בפ׳ ט׳ the standard measure is the width of &c.; a. fr.—Tosef. ib. X, 2, a. fr. פּוֹתִי טפח (fr. פָּתָה) width↗ expanded
פּוֹתַחַת (פָּתַת) lock. B. Bath. VI, 5 זה עושה לו פ׳ וכ׳ this one (the owner of the well) has the right to put on a lock, and so that one (the owner of the house) has. Kel. XIII, 6, v. חָף; a. fr.—Pl. פּוֹתְחוֹת. Tam. III, 7. Mekh. B’shall. s. 1 ועינים היו להם לפ׳ and they (the rocky forms) had eyes in place of locks (?). pl. פּוֹתְהוֹתhinges, socket and pivot. Num. R. s. 12 (expl. פתות, I Kings VII, 50) אלו פ׳ it means the hinges (sockets and pivots); Cant. R. to III, 10 חפיפות read: חפי פ׳, v. חָף; Pesik. R. s. 6 הבלוטין שבפ׳ the pegs (pivots) of the hinges. ↗ expanded
פּוֹתִי (פָּתָה) width. פ׳ טפח, v. פּוֹתֵחַ. Tanḥ. Bo 14 [read] ופוֹתְיָהּ של רצועה the width of the strap. ↗ expanded
פּוּתְיָאwidth. Targ. Ex. XXVI, 8; a. fr.—Yeb. 63ᵃ לפ׳ Rashi (ed. לפוּתְיָהּ) widthwise (of the field); a. e. enlargement, delivery. Targ. Ps. CXVIII, 5 Ms. (ed. Wil. פַּתְיָא; ed. Lag. פְּתָאוָא). שור פ׳ the wide, open road, proper conduct. Y. Keth. VII, 31ᶜ ולא תיצבי בשור פ׳ and not choose the open road (behave with propriety). ↗ expanded
פּוּתְנַק (v. Löw, Pfl., p. 315) pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium). Sabb. 109ᵇ (expl. יועזר, ib. XIV, 3) פות׳ (Ms. M. פוּטְנַק, Ar. פּוּטְנַג, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note), v. יוֹעֶזֶר. ↗ expanded
פָּז [glistening,] fine gold; name of a jewel. Yoma 44ᵇ sq. (expl. מוּפָז, I Kings X, 18) שדומה לַפָּז because it resembles the paz. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIX, 127 לפי שאינו עומד … והפז ליום הדין because money and gold and fine gold cannot stand up (as defense) on the day of judgment. Gitt. 58ᵃ, v. גָּנָה. Ex. R. s. 8; Tanḥ. Vaëra 8 כתם פז fine gold; a. e. ↗ expanded
פָּזַז (b. h.) [to move to and fro,] to be bright, glisten, v. פָּז. (of sound) to jingle, rustle. Num. R. s. 4 קולו פוֹזֵז, v. סָנַן. to be rash. Sabb. 55ᵇ פַּזְתָּה (fr. פּוּז), v. זוּל h. Hof. הוּפָז , part. מוּפָזmade of fine gold; glistening. Yoma 44ᵇ sq., v. פָּז. Y. ib. IV, 41ᵈ top; Cant. R. to III, 10; Num. R. s. 12, v. יָצַת. Pi. פִּיוֵּזto dance, sport, v. אָפֵז. (of sound) to jingle, rustle. Num. R. s. 4 (ref. to II Sam. VI, 16) מהו מְפַזֵּז וכ׳ what does m’fazzez mean?, v. סָנַן. ↗ expanded
פַּזִּיPazzi, (Pazia). Y. Hor. III, end, 48ᶜ; Y. Sabb. XII, 13ᶜ bot. אילין דבר פ׳ members of the family of Bar Pazzi; Y. Sot. IX, end, 24ᶜ דבי פ׳.—Pesik. Par., p. 33ᵃ חנין בר פ׳; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 5 חנין בן פ׳; Yalk. Num. 759 חנן בר פפי (corr. acc.); Pesik. R. s. 14 יוחנן בן פ׳; Yalk. Ps. 658 שמעון בן פ׳. Pesik. R. s. 15 חנן בן פ׳. Y. Meg. IV, 75ᵃ bot. חנניה בן פ׳; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּזִיזָא (v. פָּזַז 3) rash, overhasty, impetuous. Keth. 112ᵃ עמא פ׳ דקדמיתו פומייכו וכ׳ rash people that you were when you permitted your mouths to anticipate your ears (promised to obey before you heard, Ex. XXIV, 7), you still persist in your impetuousness (risk your lives for your religion); Sabb. 88ᵃ (Ms. O. פחיזא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 400); Yalk. Ex. 277.—[ (v. פְּזוֹזָא) gilded, or glazed.—Pl. פְּזִיזֵי. Yoma 78ᵇ מאני פ׳ וכ׳ Ms. M. 1 gilded or glazed earthen vessels, v. גְּזַז.] ↗ expanded
פָּזִיחַpaziaḥ, a substitute for nazir (v. כִּינּוּי). Naz. I, 1; Y. ib. 51ᵃ פָּזִיק. ↗ expanded
פִּזְמָא c. (preced.) leaping, haste. Pesik. Haḥod. p. 101ᵇ (ref. to Ps. XVIII, 20) ‘he released me, because he had delight in me’, פ׳ דידיה היא סליקת ביה למיתן לי אוריתא (not הוא) it was his haste (anxiety) that rose in him, to give me the Law (cmp. Cant. R. to II, 8, quot. s. v. עִיבּוּר); Yalk. Ex. 272 פ׳ דידי סלקת וכ׳ (corr. acc.); Yalk. Sam. 161. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXII, 9 פ׳ דידיה סליק (not דידי; ed. Bub. פאמא דיליה סליק, corr. acc.) his anxiety (to save me) arose; Yalk. ib. 686 פ׳ דידי סליקי (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פזמריקון , Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 41; Yalk. Gen. 162 פוזמיקון, פוזמיקין; Yalk. Sam. 163 פיזמיקון, read as Gen. R. s. 98 פטיריקון, v. פַּטְרִיקוֹן.—[The corrupt. may have risen from a fusion of φυσικόν and its synonym πατρικόν.] ↗ expanded
פָּזַרto scatter, disperse. Part. pass. פָּזוּר; f. פְּזוּרָה; pl. פְּזוּרִים, פְּזוּרִין; פְּזוּרוֹת. Num. R. s. 7, end וכשהן פ׳ שכינה עמהם and when they (the Israelites) are scattered, the Divine Presence is with them; a. e.—Ex. R. s. 15 היו פוזרין, read: חוזרין, v. Tanḥ. Ḥayé 3.] Pi. פִּיזֵּרsame. Tosef. Ber. VII (VI), 24 בשעת … פַּזֵּר ובשעת המְפַזְּרִין וכ׳, v. כָּנַס. B. Bath. 10ᵇ יְפַזֵּר מעותיו לעניים let him scatter his money (give liberally) among the poor. Pes. 87ᵇ (ref. to צדקת פרזונו, Jud. V, 11) צדקה … שפִּזְּרָן וכ׳ (or שפְּזָרָןKal) the Lord has done kindness to Israel in scattering it among the nations. B. Bath. 10ᵃ רוח מְפַזַּרְתָּן the wind disperses them (the clouds). Midr. Sam. ch. XXV אם מְפַזֵּר הוא דברים whether he would scatter abroad (divulge) the affairs, v. קוּסְדַּרְיוֹת; a. e.—Part. pass. מְפוּזָּר; f. מְפוּזֶּרֶת; pl. מְפוּזָּרִים, מְפוּזָּרִין; מְפוּזָּרוֹת. Neg. IV, 3 במפ׳ when the hairs on the leprous spot are wide apart, opp. מכונס, v. כָּנַס. Meg. 13ᵇ מפ׳ הן בין העמים they are scattered among the nations (of the kingdom), v. פָּרַד. T’bul Yom II, 3 אם היה מפ׳ וכ׳ if the garlic was scattered in the mortar; a. fr. Nif. נִפְזָר,Hithpa. הִתְפַּזֵּר, , Nithpa. נִתְפַּזֵּר to be scattered, dispersed. Tosef. Sot. II, 3 מנחתה נִפְזֶרֶת אבית וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. מִתְפַּזֶּרֶת בבית) her meal-offering is strewn on the ashes; Y. ib. III, 18ᵈ; Sifré Num. 17. Sabb. 16ᵇ ונִתְפַּזְּרוּ וכ׳ and the clouds were dispersed and then gathered again. Gen. R. s. 36; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פז"ר , a mnemonical acrostic for פׄייס, זמן, רׄגל, קׄרבן, שׄיר, בׄרכה. Yoma 3ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּזְרָא (פזר) a whip or stick with which to drive off intruders. B. Kam. 28ᵃ לנקוט פ׳ וליתיב (Ms. H. פזירא) let him take up a whip and sit (guarding); B. Bath. 99ᵇ ↗ expanded
פַּח 1 v. פָּחַח) hole, trap, snare. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCI, 3 (expl. פח יקוש) מצודתא דציידא the hunter’s snare; Tanḥ. Naso 23. ↗ expanded
פַּח 2coal.—Pl. פַּחִים. Gen. R. s. 51 (expl. פחים, Ps. XI, 6) גימרין ומצדין coals and snares (v. preced.); Yalk. ib. 85. ↗ expanded
פָּחָא Targ. Ps. CXIX, 110 (Ms. פו׳). Ib. CXLI, 9 (ed. Wil. פַּ׳). Targ. Prov. VI, 5 פו׳; a. e.—Arakh. 19ᵃ (prov.) סבא בביתא פָּאחָא בביתא וכ׳ (Var. in Rashi פְּחָחָא) an old man in the house is a snare (an obstacle) in the house, an old woman in the house is a treasure in the house.—Pl. פָּחִין, פָּחֵי, פּוֹ׳. Targ. Job XXII, 10 (ed. Wil. פּוּ׳). Targ. Ps. CXXIV, 7 (ed. Wil. פַּ׳); a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּחָא , pl. פַּחִין (פוח or נפח) [puffing at,] despising (cmp. Ps. X, 5); בר פ׳a contemptible person, scamp. Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ. Ib. IX, 13ᵈ; Y. Snh. XI, 30ᶜ top; Cant. R. to II, 5. Koh. R. to XI, 9. Ib. to II, 20; Lev. R. s. 25 ברת פ׳ a worthless woman. ↗ expanded
פָּחַד (b. h.) [to breathe, pant,] to fear; to be anxious. Esth. R. to V, 1 למה תִפְחְדִי why art thou afraid? Midr. Till. to Ps. XIV שלא פָחֲדוּ מן וכ׳ that they were not afraid of the Lord; a. e. Nif. נִפְחָדto be frightened, excited. Esth. R. to IV, 15 היתה אסתר נִפְחֶדֶת מאוד וכ׳ Esther was greatly excited on account of the evil &c. Cant. R. to III, 8 מתיראין ומזדעזעין ונִפְחָדִין afraid, trembling, and excited; a. e. Hif. הִפְחִידto frighten. Num. R. s. 16 כשמבקשין להַפְחִידוֹ when they want to frighten the child, v. רְצוּעָה; a. e. Pi. פִּיחֵדsame. Part. pass. מְפוּחָד; pl. מְפוּחָדִים. Sifra B’har, Par. 3, ch. IV (ref. to Lev. XXV, 19) לא מפוזרים ולא מפ׳ neither scattered, nor frightened. Hithpa. הִתְפַּחֵד,Nithpa. נִתְפַּחֵדto be afraid; to be joyously excited; to await with anxiety. Pesik. R. s. 15 ולא היו מתיראים ולא מִתְפַּחֲדִים and they were neither afraid, nor excited; Yalk. Ps. 795. Deut. R. s. 1, end מתייראין ומִתְפַּחֲדִין מכם trembled and were afraid of you. Ab. d’R. N. ch. IX שיהא לבו של־אדם מִתְפַּחֵד וכ׳ that a man’s heart should be afraid (of an evil occurrence) every day. Gen. R. s. 48 זה מִתְפַּחֵד לומר איזו פרוקופי וכ׳ the one is excited thinking what the distinction will be which the king is to confer upon me; וזה מתפ׳ ואומר איזה דין וכ׳ and the other is excited thinking what the judgment will be &c.; Yalk. Is. 304. Tanḥ. Lekh 15 אתם מתפחדין על הטוב וכ׳ you will be excited with joy over the good which is reserved for you (ref. to ופחדו, Hos. III, 5). Cant. R. l. c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּחַד Part. pass. פָּחִיד. Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 66 (ed. Berl. a. oth. תוה). Pa. פַּחֵידsame. Ber. 60ᵃ חזייה דקא מְפַחֵיד (Ms. F. פָּחִיד) he saw that he was in fear; ib. מ"ט קא מְפַחְדַּת Ms. M. (differ. in ed.) why art thou afraid?; Yalk. Job 897; Yalk. Is. l. c. מְפַחַד (Part. pass.). Pes. 111ᵇ, sq. מפחיד will be in fear (without knowing why); a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּחַדpreced.) fear. Esth. R. to IV, 6 פ׳ ורעד fear and trembling. Yalk. Ex. 181 נפל פַּחְדָּם עליהם the dread of them fell upon them. Gitt. 70ᵃ שלשה דברים … פ׳ דרך ועון three things break a man’s energies, they are, fear, travel, and sin. B. Bath. 10ᵃ גוף קשה פ׳ שוברו a body is strong, fear breaks it; פ׳ קשה יין מפיגו fear is strong, wine drives it out; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּחַד ² Targ. Esth. VIII, 17; a. fr.—[Targ. Y. Lev. XIV, 50 דפחד ed. Amst., v. פְּחַר.]—Sot. 20ᵇ, v. בִּיעֲתוּתָא. Snh. 95ᵇ bot. ההוא גברא בההוא פ׳ נמי יתיב this man, too, lives in that fear, i.e. that is the very thing that troubles me. B. Mets. 66ᵇ דילמא לפכוחי פַחְדֵּיה קא שתי perhaps he drinks to break his fear (to get courage)?; Taan. 13ᵇ פחודיה some ed. (corr. acc.).—[V. פַּחְדִּין.] ↗ expanded
פַּחְדָּה f. (b. h.) same. Koh. R. to III, 11 (ref. to העלם ib. ‘the unknown’) פַּחְדָּתוֹ של מלאך וכ׳ the fear of the angel of death has he (the Lord) put into their hearts; Midr. Till. to Ps. IX, 1 (ed. Bub. פסידתו; Yalk. ib. 642 פסידתו, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פַּחְדִּין (פחד, cmp. פַּחְלִין) [blown up, balls] testicles. Targ. O. Lev. XXI, 20 (ed. Berl. פַּחְתִין); Y. דפַחְדּוֹי. Targ. Job XL, 17 (Ar. s. v. ותן ed. Koh. פחדוהי, some ed. פחתוהי). ↗ expanded
פֶּחָה (b. h.; = בעל פ׳, v. Del. Assyr. Handw. p. 519; פחהto be large, grandee, high officer, governor. Y. Bets. IV, 62ᶜ (R. Ḥiya addressing Rab) בן פי׳ אחריהם son of nobility, follow them (the example of thy kindred)!—Pl. פַּחוֹת. Bicc. III, 3 הפ׳ הסגנים וכ׳ the grandees, the chiefs, and the treasurers (of the Temple) went out to meet them. Num. R. s. 14; a. e. ↗ expanded
פֶּחָה ² , pl. פַּחְוָותָא ch. same. Targ. II Chr. IX, 14 ed. Beck (oth. ed. שלטוני). ↗ expanded
פָּחוֹרָהPaḥorah (Potter). Y. Sot. IX, 24ᵃ bot.; Y. Maas. Sh. V, end, 56ᵈ אלעזר בן פ׳. ↗ expanded
פְּחוֹרְתָּאP’ḥorta (Pottery), a suburb of Tiberias. Y. Erub. V, 22ᵇ bot. ↗ expanded
פָּחוּת (פָּחַת) [diminished,] a small quantity. Y. Dem. I, 21ᵈ bot. פְּחוּת מאכל (not מאוכל) a small quantity of food (corresp. to ib. I, 2 מעוטו). (adj. a. adv.) lesser, less. Men. XI, 9 אין פ׳ משנים no less than two days (after being baked); ib. אין פ׳ מתשעה ולא יתר וכ׳ no less than nine days, nor more than eleven; Pes. 47ᵃ לא פ׳ ולא יותר no less (than nine), nor more (than eleven). Meg. 21ᵇ אין משיירין בפרשה פ׳ וכ׳ in distributing the readings of a Scriptural portion we must leave for the last reader no less than three verses; a. v. fr.—Fem. פְּחוּתָה. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. XI, 1 ערבה שהיא פ׳ וכ׳ a kneading trough which contains less than &c.; a. fr.—Pl. פְּחוּתוֹת. Keth. I, 2 פ׳ מבנות שלש וכ׳ when they were less than three years and one day old; a. fr. inferior. Tanḥ. T’rum. 7 נחשת כנגד … שהיא פ׳ מכולם ‘copper’ (Ex. XXV, 3) corresponding to the Greek (Syrian) empire, which was the meanest of all of them; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פח"זpaḥaz, a mnemonical word, for פׄריעת הראש, חׄורת קרע לאחורין, and זׄקיפת המטה. M. Kat. 24ᵃ, v. Gen. R. s. 100. ↗ expanded
פָּחַז (b. h.) [to be blown up,] to swell, rise; to be haughty, elated, heedless. Ned. 9ᵇ פ׳ עלי יצרי my evil inclination rose within me (in pride of my beauty); Sifré Num. 22 פ׳ לבי עלי. Tanḥ. Vayḥi 9; Gen. R. s. 98; s. 99 (ref. to פּ֗חׄוׄ, Gen. XLIX, 4) פָּ֗חַזְתָּ חׄטאת זׄנית thou wast overweening, didst sin, didst fornicate. ↗ expanded
פָּחָז (preced.; cmp. אָרְכֵיסְטֵיס as expl. of רֵיק; v. Jud. IX, 4) heedless person, dancer, jumper.—Pl. פָּחָזִים, פָּחוֹזִ׳. Yalk. Gen. 157 (ref. to פחז, Gen. XLIX, 4) נדמתה לפ׳ המקפיצים thou becamest like the dancers that jump; Gen. R. s. 98 [read:] נעשית כפ׳ שנשתברו שוקיהן׃ כמים רבנן וכ׳ thou becamest like acrobats whose legs are broken (by falling); [כמים belonging to the succeeding sentence as text word]. ↗ expanded
פַּחַזpreced. wds.) recklessness, overweening. Pesik. Ekha, p. 121ᵇ אחד ראה אותה בשלותה ואחד ראה אותה בפַחְזָהּ וכ׳ one saw her in her happiness, one in her recklessness (sin), and one in her disgrace. Ib. ישעיה ראה אותן בפַחְזָן Isaiah saw them (Israel) in their wantonness (ref. to Is. I, 21). Y. Succ. V, 55ᵇ bot. (in Chald. dict.), v. כּוֹשֶׁר. ↗ expanded
פָּחַחto have holes in one’s garments; to be clad in rags, be exposed. Part. פּוֹחֵחַ. Meg. IV, 6 (24ᵃ); Tosef. ib. IV (III), 27 פ׳ פורס וכ׳ one whose limbs are exposed may recite the Sh’mʿa (v. פָּרַס) &c. Meg. 24ᵇ קטן פ׳ a minor who is poorly dressed. Treat. Sof’rim XIV, 15 פ׳ הנראים כרעיו וכ׳ a poḥeaḥ is he whose knees are exposed, whose garments are torn, or whose head is uncovered. ↗ expanded
פְּחִי (פחה, cmp. פּוּחַ) blowing out, expiration; פ׳ נפש (cmp. מַפָּח) despair, disappointment. Sabb. 127ᵇ הלך לביתו בפ׳ נ׳ went home in despair. R. Hash. II, 6 כדי שלא יצאו בפ׳ נ׳ that they (the witnesses) might not leave in disappointment (and be discouraged from coming again); a. fr.—[Levy Talm. Dict. reads פַּחֵי, as constr. pl. of פַּח III.] ↗ expanded
פְּחֵי (cmp. פהי, פעי) to open the mouth, v. next w.—[Targ. Prov. XVIII, 2 פחי ed. Wil., v. פְּהֵי. Ib. VIII, 11 some ed., v. פָּחֵים.]—[Ned. 51ᵃ פחייה כופרא Ar., read חַפְיֵיה he covered it with pitch.]—[Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ top אפחין במילין, read: אפרחון, v. פְּרַח.] ↗ expanded
פְּחִית = h. פָּחוּת, less. Snh. 97ᵇ; Succ. 45ᵇ לא פ׳ עלמא וכ׳ (ed. פחות) the world has never less than thirty-six righteous men worthy to face the Shekhinah, in every generation. defective, broken. Lam. R. to III, 16 after having eaten all his food נסיב חד פת פ׳ וכ׳ he took a broken loaf and put ashes on it. Ib. to I, 1 (רבתי) הדא מנהון פ׳ וסמיכא וכ׳ one of them (beds) was broken and leaning against another bed; a. e. mean, wretched. Cant. R. to II, 5 [read:] ואת בעי … להדא פ׳ and thou wouldst forsake thy God and bow to his wretched (idol)? ↗ expanded
פְּחִיתָה (פָּחַת) carving, digging out. Bets. 32ᵃ פְּחִיתַת נר וכ׳ the mere carving out of a lump of clay for the purpose of using it as a candlestick makes it a vessel. ↗ expanded
פַּחְלִין (פחל, cmp. פַּחְדִּין a. Syr. פחלא testiculus, P. Sm. 3081) ball, bale; פ׳ של גמליםa bale, made of a net of ropes with wide meshes, containing the freight of camels. Kel. XXIV, 9 פוחלץ (corr. acc.). Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. VI, 6 הסל והפ׳ של ג׳ … שעשאן וכ׳ a basket or a bale … the meshes of which had originally been made narrow enough to hold pomegranates. Y. Shebu. III, 34ᵈ (Chald. dict.) אייתון פ׳ דגמלין ומלון וכ׳ they brought bales and stuffed them with straw; Y. Ned. III, beg. 37ᵈ bot. פחלץ (corr. acc.).—Yalk. Num. 762 פולחן (prob. to be read: פוחלין). ↗ expanded
פָּחַם (denom. of פֶּחָם) to be black, v. infra. Pi. פִּיחֵםto blacken. Y. Maas. Sh. V, beg. 55ᵈ; Tosef. Maas. Sh. V, 13 בית ע"ז מְפַחֲמִין אותו בפיחמין the site of an idolatrous temple is marked by blackening it (its debris) with coal. Y. Pes. VI, 33ᵃ bot. [read:] מה … ומפציע ומְפַחֵם כך אני יורד בו as a kettle (thrown at a person) scalds and wounds and blackens, so will I come down at him; a. e.—Part. pass. מְפוּחָם; f. מְפוּחֶמֶת; pl. מְפוּחָמִים, מְפוּחָמִין; מְפוּחָמוֹת. Gen. R. s. 36, v. כָּעַר; Y. Taan. I, end, 64ᵈ חם יצא מפ׳ Ham came out (of the ark) black. Y. Sot. II, 17ᵈ bot. לא במפ׳ not in a sooty vessel. Cant. R. to I, 6 ידיה מפ׳ her hands were blackened. Ib. את שכולך מפ׳ thou (negress) who art black all over; a. e. Nif. נִפְחָם,Hithpa. הִתְפַּחֵם, , Nithpa.נִתְפַּחֵם to be blackened. Yalk. Num. 764; Yalk. Cant. 982 נפ׳ בשמש became black through exposure to the sun, v. כִּרְכֵּם. Gen. R. s. 18 נִתְפַּחֲמוּ פני הנשים מפני השמש the faces of the (Jewish) women had become black &c. Gen. R. s. 19, beg. ככלי פשתן … מִתְפַּחֲמִין קימעא וכ׳ (a scholar’s reputation is) like the fine linen clothes from Bethshan, if they are in the least stained, they are ruined; Koh. R. to I, 18 אם נִתְפַּחֲמוּ וכ׳. Ib. אם פָּחֲמוּ (Kal). Deut. R. s. 1 ונתפחמו ידיה and her hands were soiled with soot; אם מקנחת … מתפחם if she wipes her hands on the wall, the wall will be soiled; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פֶּחָםthat which is used for kindling, charcoal. Sabb. II, 5 מפני שהוא עושה פ׳ because (by extinguishing the light) he makes kindling material, i.e. prepares the wick for easier lighting (v. הִבְהֵב). Ib. 31ᵇ. Koh. R. to IX, 8 נפח לפֶחָמוֹ the smith (the charcoal-burner) turns to his coal. Ib. to VII, 1; Yalk. Josh. 35, v. פּוּצָם; a. fr.—Pl. פֶּחָמִין, פֶּי׳. Tosef. Maas. Sh. V, 13; Y. ib. V, beg. 55ᵈ, v. פָּחַם. Tosef. Bets. III, 14 אין עושין פ׳ וכ׳ you must not make charcoal (prepare kindling material) even for immediate use (on the Holy Day). Mikv. IX, 2 לא יטבול … בפ׳ וכ׳ one must not immerse a kettle with remnants of coal in it (which had been put there to be extinguished in water), unless one washes it again, Maim.; [oth. opin.: with the soot on it, but he must scrape it off]. Koh. R. to I, 8 לכו … האיש ועל אותה החמת … מלאה פ׳ go ye and pray for this man (me), and for this bag formerly filled with precious stones and pearls, and now with pieces of coal; a. e. ↗ expanded
פֶּחָמִי (preced.) charcoal-burner, also smith. Ber. 28ᵃ, v. נָכַר; (Y. ib. IV, 7ᵈ top עביד מחטין making needles). ↗ expanded
פָּחַס (cmp. פָּחַת) [to drive into,] to batter, beat out of shape. Ab. Zar. IV, 5 פְּחָסָהּ אע"פ שלא חיסרה if he smashed the face of the idol, although he did not lessen its substance. Ib. 42ᵃ. Lev. R. s. 7, beg. שהיה אהרן נוטל קורנס ופוֹחֲסוֹ בפניהם (not קרבנם) Aaron took a hammer and smashed it (the golden calf) in their presence; Yalk. ib. 479 שהיה הקכ"ה … ופיתחו (corr. acc.); Yalk. Prov. 946 הקב"ה … את הפנקס ופותחו (corr. acc., or ופיֹחֲתוֹ); a. e. (of liquids) to dash into, to cause commotion, stir up. Ab. Zar. 72ᵇ פְּחָסַתּוֹ צלוחיתו his bowl, which was filled to the brim through a syphon, pressed the wine back into the tube and thus stirred the whole mass up; ib. 56ᵇ (I may also say) פחסתו בורו the vat into which the net (גַּרְגּוּתְנִי) was thrown set the wine in commotion.—Chald. v. פְּחַשׁ. ↗ expanded
פְּחַר (פחר to hollow out, scrape) = חֲסַף II, clay; מאן דפ׳, מן פ׳ an earthen vessel. Targ. I Chr. XIV, 11. Targ. Y. Ex. XII, 22 (not דא …). Targ. Y. Lev. XIV, 50 (not דפַחַד); a. fr. a fragment of a clay vessel, potsherd. Targ. Job II, 8. Targ. Ps. XXII, 16; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּחַשׁ = h. פָּחַס. Part. pass. פְּחִישׁflat-nosed. Targ. Y. Lev. XXI, 18 Ar. (ed. לקי בחוטמיה; h. text חָרֻם).—Gen. R. s. 53 אין … אנא פָחישׁ ליה if I put my finger on him, I smash him; Yalk. Deut. 810 פחי׳ אנא יתיה. ↗ expanded
פָּחַתto hollow out, dig. Bets. IV, 4 (32ᵃ) אין פּוֹחֲתִין את הנר (Mish. פיתחין, corr. acc.) you must not hollow out a lump of clay to make it a candlestick (on the Holy Day). Ib. 3 פּיֹחֵת לכתחלה he may start to dig out (take out closely packed fruit), v. infra. Mikv. IV, 5 פְּחָתוּהָ they hollowed it out (widened the aperture in the rock through which the water came forth); Y. Yeb. I, end, 3ᵇ (Bab. ib. 15ᵃ הרחיבוה). Mikv. l. c. עד שיִפְחוֹת רובה (ed. Dehr. a. Mish. ed. עד שיִפְחֲתוּ) until the larger portion of the aperture is chiselled out; Y. Yeb. l. c. שיפחות את רובה; Bab. ib. l. c. שתִּיפָּחֵת ברובה; a. e. to diminish, lessen, decrease, opp. הוסיף. Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 2 שלא תִפְחוֹת ולא תוסיף from which you must not diminish, and to which you must not add. Sabb. 21ᵇ פּוֹחֵת והולך one kindles one light less every night. Meg. IV, 1, sq. אין פּוֹחֲתִין וכ׳ we call up no less (than the number named) nor more. Y. Yeb. IV, 6ᵃ bot. חמרתה (ה) פּוֹחֶתֶת אינה פוחתת וכ׳ a sheass, if short (whose period of pregnance is the shortest possible) gives birth not earlier than a lunar year from conception, if long, not later than a solar year; Y. Nidd. I, 49ᵇ top. Pes. X, 1 ולא יִפְחֲתוּ לו מארבע וכ׳ and they must give him (the poor man) no less than four cupfuls of wine. B. Kam. 85ᵇ שבת הפּוֹחֲתַתּוֹ בדמים (not הפח׳) if the idleness enforced by being wounded has also the effect of lessening his value (if he were to be sold as a slave). Shek. V, 4 אם פָּחֲתוּ פחתו לו Y. ed. (differ. in Mishn. ed.) if money is missing, the loss is his. Tanḥ. R’eh 10 פ׳ הוא עשרה ופָחֲתָה היא וכ׳ he gave ten measures less as tithe, and it (the field) yielded one hundred less; Yalk. Deut. 892; a. v. fr.—[Tanḥ. l. c. מי פחת, v. next w.]—V. פָּחוּת. Pi. פִּיחֵתsame, to diminish, lessen. Ter. IV, 4 פי׳ עשרה וכ׳ (Y. ed. פחת) if he set aside as T’rumah ten fractions less (than 1/50, i.e. 1/60), or ten fractions more (i.e. 1/40), Maim.; [R. S. if he reduced the divisor by ten (i.e. set aside 1/40), or increased the divisor by ten (i.e. set aside 1/60); Y. ib. 42ᵈ bot. הפּוֹחֵת אחד מעשרה. to be diminished, lose. Lev. R. s. 2 כלום פי׳ כבודי וכ׳ has my glory or my majesty lost anything &c.? Nif. נִפְחַתto be hollowed out, broken through. Yeb. 15ᵃ שתִּיפָּחֵת, v. supra. Ḥull. 45ᵃ נִפְחֲתָה כדלת if a piece of the windpipe is broken through in the shape of a door (split on three sides and attached by the fourth side). Bets. IV, 3 בית … ונ׳ a room which was packed with fruits and closed up (with bricks), and which was burst open (the bricks giving way to the pressure), v. supra. to be reduced in size, numbers &c.; to be lowered. Succ. 18ᵃ בית שנ׳ a building which has been reduced (the walls of which have given way partly). Sot. 5ᵃ bot. כל אדם … לבסוף נ׳ every man in whom there is haughtiness, will finally be lowered; a. e. Hif. הִפְחִיתto lessen, wear out, damage. Y. B. Mets. II, 8ᵈ top כלי נחשׁת … מפני שמַפְחִיתָן if one found copper vessels (keeping them until the owner be found), he may use them for hot water, but not over fire, because he wears them out; (Bab. ib. 30ᵃ שמשחיקן); a. e. (denom. of פָּחוּת) to become less, be damaged. Succ. 18ᵇ ה׳ דופן אמצעי if the middle wall (of a Succah) became reduced (fell in, v. supra); a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּחַתto diminish. Pes. 114ᵃ פְּחוֹת ממיכלך וכ׳ diminish from (spend less for) thy eating and drinking, and add to thy dwelling.—Part. pass. פָּחִית. Targ. Ps. XIX, 3 (Var. ed. Lag. a. ed. פתית).—V. פְּחִית. to become defective, be broken. Y. Dem. I, 22ᵃ פ׳ פתורא קומוי (prob. to be read: איפחת) the table before him broke down. Ithpe. אִיתְפְּחַת, אִיפְּחַת, , אִיפְּחִיתto become defective, be broken, damaged. Y. M. Kat. I, 80ᵇ bot., v. אֲיָירָא. Keth. 62ᵃ איפ׳ בי בנא וכ׳ the floor of the bath-house under him gave way. Ib. אִיפַּחֲתָא דרגא וכ׳ the ladder under him broke down; a. e. to grow less. Yalk. Deut. 892 אי׳ ליה שנה מן שנה שנה עליו עידנא (not לה) his crop grew less from year to year; time changed for him (nature changed on his account); Tanḥ. R’eh 10 מי פחת וכ׳ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פַּחַת c. (b. h.; preced. wds.) cavity, pit.—Pl. פְּחָתִים, פְּחָתִין. Sot. 21ᵃ מתיירא מן הקוצין ומן הפ׳ וכ׳ is afraid of the thorns, the pits and the thistles (on the road); a. e. defective spot, breach. Bets. IV, 3 נוטל ממקום הפ׳ he may take out the fruits where they burst through the partition. broken vessel, fragment.—Pl. as ab. Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. VII, 15 שולי הפ׳ the sides of fragments of vessels (v. מַחַץ). diminution, depreciation, loss. Y. Ter. IV, 42ᵈ bot. שאין הפ׳ והתוספת שוין for the reduction and the addition are not of like proportions, i.e. the difference between 1/40 and 1/50 is not the same as that between 1/50 and 1/60 (v. פָּחַתPi.). B. Kam. 10ᵇ לפ׳ נבלה for the eventual depreciation of the carcass during the time intervening between the accident and the decision of the court. Ib. פ׳ נבלה תנאי היא there is a difference of opinion among Tannaim as regards the liability for the depreciation of the carcass. Y. ib. I, 2ᵇ bot. ישלם פַּחֲתָהּ he must indemnify the owner for its depreciation, i.e. he must pay the difference between the value of the living and that of the dead animal. Esth. R. to III, 8 שהן מכניסין פ׳ בממונו של עולם they (through their idleness) cause a diminution of the wealth of the world; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּחַת ²cavity, pit. Targ. Jer. XVIII, 20; 22 (ed. Lag. a. oth. פְּחֵית).—Pl. פַּחֲתִין. Targ. O. Lev. XIV, 37 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. פַּחֲתָן; h. text שקערורת). depreciation, decrease, loss. B. Mets. 70ᵃ שקיל אגרא ושקיל פ׳ he charged a compensation for the use of the vessel, and an indemnity for the loss (by wear and tear). Ib. אי אגרא לא פ׳ ואי פ׳ לא אגרא if you take payment for the use of the vessel, you must not charge for wear and tear &c. Y. Ned. IX, end, 41ᶜ תהא פַּחֲתָה בה let a decrease come over it (may his wealth be reduced). Koh. R. to XI, 9 איזיל לפ׳ go to ruin! (trnsf.) degraded person. Gen. R. s. 36 (ref. to Gen. IX, 18 אבי כנען) אבוי דפ׳ the father of the degraded. Gen. R. s. 99 (ref. to Gen. XLIX, 5) אחים דפ׳ וכ׳ ‘brothers’ of the degraded (Dinah, with ref. to Gen. XXXIV, 25) …, but no brothers to Joseph. ↗ expanded
פַּחֲתֵי (v. פֶּחָה) noblemen. Sabb. 3ᵇ; Ber. 13ᵇ, a. fr. בר פ׳ (R. Ḥiya addressing Rab) son of great ancestors (Var. in Ar. פַּאֲתֵי; Y. Bets. IV, 62ᶜ בן פֶּיחָה). ↗ expanded
פִּטְדָה (b. h.) piṭdah, name of a jewel in the high priest’s breast-plate. Ex. R. s. 38, end. Num. R. s. 2. ↗ expanded
פְּטוֹטְרוֹת (= פטרטר׳; v. פָּטַר) stems of figs. Ab. Zar. I, 5 (13ᵇ) בנות שוח ופְטוֹטְרוֹתֵיהֶן (Y. ed. בפ׳; Bab. ed. ופטוטרות, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 300) white figs on their stems; ib. 14ᵃ ↗ expanded
פְּטוֹר (פָּטַר) discharge, exemption, opp. חִיּוּב. Sabb. 2ᵇ, v. חִיּוּב. Y. Peah II, beg. 16ᵈ ומה דמר … בפ׳ פיאה and what R. Johanan said was meant in reference to being exempt from Peah. Y. Ḥall. III, 59ᵃ, v. חִיּוּב. Cant. R. to IV, 4 בין פ׳ לחיוב between exemption and conviction; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּטוֹרָא —Pl. פְּטוֹרֵי. Sabb. 2ᵇ; Shebu. 5ᵃ חיובי ופ׳ the cases of conviction and those of exemption (from punishment); a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּטָּטָא (פטט a) to break; b) cmp. מלל, to talk; v. פִּטְפֵּט) talkative, flippant. Lev. R. s. 32 (play on שלמית, Lev. XXIV, 11) דהוות פ׳ בשלמא שלם לך וכ׳ she was flippant (pert) in greeting men, ‘peace to thee, peace to you’; Yalk. ib. 657 פַּטְפָּטָה. ↗ expanded
פְּטָטַרְכָא (= פטרטר, with formative כ) [the discharger,] rectum. Lev. R. s. 3 ומפ׳ לברא and from the rectum it is discharged; Koh. R. to VII, 19 ומפַּטְרוֹכָא לעזקתא, v. עִזְקָא II; Yalk. ib. 976 פִּיטַרְכָא. ↗ expanded
פְּטֵי , Pa.פַּטֵּי (cmp. פצע, פטר) to break, burst. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XLIX, 22 פַּטִּית (Y. I תברת). to relieve. Sabb. 140ᵇ דמְפַטְּיָא ליה וכ׳ when it will relieve him (from buying a new shirt) for a whole year (v. Rashi a. l.; Ms. O. כי היכי דממטיא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 50). ↗ expanded
פַּטִּיט (v. פַּטָּטָא) babbler. Arakh. 16ᵇ הוא עושה מעשה פ׳ … קרבן פ׳ he (the leper) does the work of a babbler (speaks evil of men), therefore the Torah said, let him offer a babbler (a chirping bird) as a sacrifice; Yalk. Lev. 559. Gen. R. s. 93 אני … שפ׳ אתה יש באחיך פ׳ וכ׳ I see, thou (Jadah) art the talker; is there among thy brothers a talker like thee?; Tanḥ. Vayigg. 5 אני רואה … ואתה פ׳ I see in my cup that there are older men among thy brothers, and yet thou art the talker?—V. דַּבְּרָן. ↗ expanded
פטיות , Yalk. Jon. 550 אמר פ׳, read: אוֹפְסְיָינִיּוֹת, v. אמפומיות ↗ expanded
פטייה , Y. Snh. X, 27ᵈ top בפ׳ של מלכים, read: באִיפַּטְיָא. ↗ expanded
פַּטִּים (פְּטַם) fat, fattened, stout; (noun) fatling. Targ. Jud. III, 17 (h. text בריא). Targ. II Sam. VI, 13. Targ. I Sam. XXVIII, 24; a. fr.—Pl. פַּטִּימִין, פַּטִּימַיָּא. Targ. I Kings V, 3 עופיא פ׳ (ed. Lag. sing.). Targ. Ez. XLV, 15 Kimḥi (ed. Lag. פטימא; ed. Wil. פִּטְמָא); a. fr.—Y. Peah I, 15ᶜ bot. תרנגולין פ׳ fattened chickens; Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵇ פַּטִּימָן (fem.). Y. Meg. IV, 74ᵈ bot. מחזר פ׳ (ו)בני תורין ordered a translator (of התרים וכ׳, Lev. I, 14) who read ‘fatlings and young doves’ to take it back (and correct); a. e.—Fem.פַּטִּימָא, פַּטִּימְתָּא. Targ. I Chr. IV, 40; a. e.—Lam. R. to I, 1 תרנגולא פ׳ (רבתי) a fattened hen; a. e.—Pl. פַּטִּימָן, פַּטִּימָתָא. Targ. O. Gen. XLI, 2 (Y. פְּטִ׳). Ib. 5; a. fr.—Y. Kidd. l. c., v. supra. perfumed. Esth. R. to I, 3 (in Hebr. diction) שמא לא יצאת ידי קנדלה פ׳ did you perhaps fail to provide perfumed (good) oil for the lamps?, opp. פקטים. ↗ expanded
פַּטִּימָא 2 (v. פָּטַם) extension, length.—Pl. פַּטִּימָן. Targ. II Esth. III, 8 (corresp. to חבלים, II Sam. VIII, 2). ↗ expanded
פַּטִּימָא 3Paṭṭima (Fatima), name of Ishmael’s second wife. Targ. Y. Gen. XXI, 21; v. עֲדִישָׁא. ↗ expanded
פַּטִּיס = h. פִּיטּוּס, wine jar. Lam. R. to III, 16 ומחדא פ׳ וכ׳ and of each jar you drank one cup. ↗ expanded
פַּטִּיר (פְּטַר) [free from admixture,] pure, plain, clear. Targ. Ez. XIII, 10, sq. טין פ׳ דלא תבן (h. text תפל).—Gitt. 86ᵃ, v. חֲרוּרֵי. unleavened; unleavened bread. Targ. Ex. XXIX, 2. Ib. XII, 8. Ib. 15. Targ. Lev. VIII, 26; a. fr.—Pl. פַּטִּירִין, פַּטִּירַיָּא, פַּטִּירֵי; פַּטִּירָן, פַּטִּירָתָא. Ib. Targ. O. Ex. XII, 17 Ms. (ed. פטירא; Y. פַּטִּירֵי). Ib. XXIX, 2; a. fr.—Y. Meg. IV, 74ᵈ bot., v. יֵרוֹקָנָא; Y. Bicc. III, end, 65ᵈ ↗ expanded
פְּטִירָה (פָּטַר) departure, dismissal. Bets. 15ᵇ בשעת פְּטִירָתָן when he dismissed them.—Esp. departure from the world, death. Y. Keth. XII, beg. 34ᵈ; Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵃ bot. שלשה … בשעת פְּטִירָתוֹ וכ׳ Rabbi ordained three things when he departed this world. Deut. R. s. 11 (ref. to Mic. VII, 8) כי נפלתי מפטירתו של משה וכ׳ though I fell when Moses died, I arose again under Joshua’s administration. Ab. VI בשעת פטירתו של אדם וכ׳ when man leaves this world, neither silver nor gold nor jewels escort him &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּטִּישׁ פטש to shatter, crush) hammer. Kel. XXIX, 7 יד בן הפ׳ the handle of a small hammer; של הפ׳ of the sledge-hammer. Maas. Sh. V, 15; M. Kat. 11ᵃ, a. e. עד ימיו היה פ׳ מכה בירושלם up to his day the striking of the hammer was heard in Jerusalem (during the festive week). Cant. R. to V, 14, a. e. נחלק הפ׳ the sledge-hammer (striking on the sapphire) was shivered to pieces. Snh. 34ᵃ; Sabb. 88ᵇ, v. נִיצוֹץ; a. fr.—Ib. VII, 2 המכה בפ׳ he who gives the finishing stroke with the hammer; ib. 75ᵇ כל מידי דאית ביה גמר מלאכה חייב משום מכה בפ׳ any act of finishing up a work comes under the category of striking with the hammer; a. fr.—Trnsf. great character. Ber. 28ᵇ נר ישראל … פ׳ החזק thou light of Israel, right-hand pillar, powerful hammer! ↗ expanded
פְּטִישׁ (פטש, v. preced.; cmp. כִּיתַּן a. כְּתוֹנֶת) [linen,] undergarment, breeches. Lam. R. to I, 1 חזי … דלא הוה ברגלי פ׳ (חד מתלמידוי) רבתי (Ar. פשוש) I saw in my dream that I had no breeches on my legs.—Pl. פְּטִישִׁין, פַּטִּי׳, פַּטְשִׁ׳. Dan. III, 21, v. אַבְרְקִין. ↗ expanded
פַּטִּישָׁא m. = h. פַּטִּישׁ. Targ. Is. XLI, 7. Targ. Jer. XXIII, 29. ↗ expanded
פְּטַל (פטל to break, peel, cmp. פטט, a. פצל) a piece, a bite. Y. Dem. I, 22ᵃ top לית … ציבחר פ׳ וכ׳ would you not care to eat a little bite with us to-day?; Y. Taan. III, 66ᶜ top פ׳ צבחד. ↗ expanded
פְּטַלְיָא (פטל, v. preced.) wickerwork, esp. a sort of bale for packing dates, figs &c. Tosef. Sabb. XII (XIII), 15 פ׳ של גרוגרות מקרע וכ׳ you may cut open a bale of figs (on the Sabbath) and eat; Y. ib. XV, beg. 15ᵃ פטילייא. Kel. XVI, 5 פְּטַלְיָה ed. Dehr. (ed. פּטילייה). Y. Maas. Sh. I, 52ᵈ פטולייא של תמרים a bale of dates, contrad. fr. חוֹתָל; a. e.—Pl. פְּטַלְיָאוֹת. Tosef. Maas. Sh. I, 10 פ׳ ודרוסות של תמרה ed. Zuck. (ed. omit פ׳) dates packed in bales, and date pomaces. ↗ expanded
פָּטַם (cmp. פטל, a. פטש s. v. פַּטִּישׁ) to crush, pound, v. infra., v. infra. to expand, make large, fatten.—Part. pass. פָּטוּם; f. פְּטוּמָה; pl. פְּטוּמִים, פְּטוּמִין; פְּטוּמוֹת. Keth. 67ᵇ תרנגולת פ׳ a fat chicken. Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵇ פטומות crammed birds; Y. Peah I, 15ᶜ bot. Y’lamd. to Gen. XXXVII quot. in Ar., v. סיטוסימה; a. e. Pi. פִּיטֵּםto pound spices; to manufacture perfumed oil; to compound incense. Y. Succ. V, 55ᶜ bot. תיקנוה ולא היתה מְפַטֶּמֶת וכ׳ they mended the mortar, but it did not mix the drugs as well as before; Arakh. 10ᵇ. Ker. I, 1 המְפַטֵּם את השמן he that manufactures perfumed oil (in the same manner as prescribed for the Temple, Ex. XXX, 23 sq.); המפ׳ את הקטרת who mixes incense (as prescribed ib. 34 sq.). Y. Yoma IV, 41ᵈ bot. פּיטְּמָהּ חציים if he compounded it by taking only parts of the quantities prescribed; Ker. 5ᵃ מפטם לחציין, v. חֵצִי. Ib. קטרת שפִּטְּמָהּ וכ׳ incense which one compounded in reduced quantities; שמן שפִּטְּמוֹ וכ׳ oil which one manufactured &c. Sifré Deut. 306 מה רביבים … ומפטמים אותם as the rains coming down on plants … perfume them; כך הוי מפטם בדברי תורה וכ׳ so pound thou the words of the Law, once and a second, and a third, and a fourth time &c.; Yalk. ib. 942; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְפוּטָּם; f. מְפוּטֶּמֶת; pl. מְפוּטָּמִים; מְפוּטָּמִין; מְפוּטָּמוֹת. Cant. R. to VIII, 2 (ref. to יין הרקח, ib.) זה התלמוד שמפ׳ במשניות כרקח that is the Talmud which is mixed with Mishnayoth like an apothecary’s preparation. to fatten, cram. Gen. R. s. 86 (play on פׄוטׄיפׄרׄ) שהיה מפׄטׄם עגלים לע"ז he fattened calves (פׄרים) for idolatrous purposes. Snh. 82ᵇ ראיתם בן פׄוטׄי זה שפׄיטׄם אבי אמו וכ׳ do you see that son of Puti (= Putiel) whose grandfather (Yethro) fattened calves &c.?; B. Bath. 109ᵇ; Sot. 43ᵃ (v. פּוּטִי a. פּוּטִיאֵל). Esth. R. to III, 1 (ref. to כיקר כרים, Ps. XXXVII, 20) ‘like the heavy lambs’, שאין מפטמין אותן וכ׳ which are fattened not for their own benefit but for slaughter; a. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Pesik. R. s. 16 (expl. בריאים, I Kings V, 3) מפ׳ (not אפ׳) fattened, opp. מן המרעה; Yalk. Kings 176. Ruth R. to II, 14 עגלות מפ׳ fattened calves; a. fr. Nif. נִפְטָםto be fattened. Gen. R. s. 32 ומה אם להסגר … להִפָּטֵם וכ׳ if to be locked up … the beasts came of their own accord, how much more will they come to fatten on the flesh of the mighty (Ez. XXXIX, 4); Yalk. Ez. 380. ↗ expanded
פְּטַםPa.פַּטֵּם same, to pound, mix spices. Targ. Y. Ex. XXX, 25; 35 מְפַטֵּם Ar. (ed. v. מְזַג; h. text רקח). to fatten.—Part. pass. מְפַטַּם; pl. מְפַטְּמִין, מְפַטְּמֵי. Targ. Is. XXX, 24 (Kimḥi פַּטִּים). Targ. Prov. XV, 17.—Pes. 76ᵇ מפטמי מהדדי they are fattened (or flavored) with one another. to flavor one’s words (cmp. בְּסַם), to console, cheer up. B. Mets. 66ᵃ פַּטּוּמֵי מילי בעלמא הוא it was merely meant to cheer up (the neighbor, not as a binding promise). ↗ expanded
פַּטָּם (preced. wds.). m. (preced. wds.). druggist, apothecary.—Pl. פַּטָּמִים, פַּטָּמִין. Y. Yoma IV, 41ᵈ bot. הפ׳ שבירושלם the druggists of Jerusalem. Y. Sot. VIII, 22ᶜ top כדרך שהפ׳ עושין as the apothecaries are in the habit of doing. Gen. R. s. 16; Yalk. ib. 21, v. בְּדוֹלַח; a. e. one who fattens animals for sale, dealer in fattened animals, opp. to רועה. Bets. 29ᵇ; Tosef. ib. III, 6 הולך … אצל הפ׳ וכ׳ a person may go (on the Holy Day) to a dealer whose regular customer he is, and say, give me a dove &c. Bets. 38ᵃ שור של פ׳ an ox at the dealer’s stall, contrad. to של רועה. Pesik. Baḥod., p. 104ᵇ אצל הפ׳ … פטומות he took her to the crammer, and filled her lap with crammed birds; Yalk. Ex. 273; a. e.—Pl. as ab. Erub. X, 9 (101ᵃ) שוק של פ׳ the crammers’ market. Tosef. Shebi. V, 8; a. e. (sub. שור של) mast-ox. Sabb. XX, 4; Y. ib. 17ᶜ bot., v. רְעִי I. ↗ expanded
פַּטְנִיתָא (supposed to mean) fattened (fr. פטן = פטם); v., however, בָּטְנִיתָא. ↗ expanded
פִּטְפּוּט (פטט, cmp. פתת) [something minute, tender,] one of the clay pins forming a sort of tripod for the support of a pot, peg. Sabb. VIII, 4 כדי לעשות פ׳ a quantity of clay large enough for a peg.—[Yalk. Num. 785 פּוּט של מנורה the peg for a candlestick v., however, quot. fr. Sifré Zuṭṭa in R. S. to Kel. XI, 2.]—Pl. פִּטְפּוּטִים, פִּטְפּוּטִין, פִּי׳, (פִּטְפְּטִין). Sabb. 102ᵇ עני עושה פִּיטְפּוּטֵי כירה קטנה וכ׳ a poor man makes pegs for a small stove to put on it a small pot (which is also called building). Kel. V, 11 עשה לה פ׳ if he made legs for the stove (so that it no longer rests immediately on the ground); Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. IV, 20. Ib. V, 1 שלשה … פטפט׳ שנתנן וכ׳ three pegs, three pins or three legs stuck in the ground and joined with clay to put a pot on them; Kel. VI, 1. Tosef. l. c. 7 פטפוטי (read טין …). Ib. 8. Ib. 9 ארבעה פטפוטי כירה וכ׳ four legs of a stove &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּטְפֵּט (v. preced., a. פַּטָּטָא) to talk, babble. Men. 65ᵃ חוץ מזקן אחד שהיה מְפַטְפֵּט כנגדו except one old man who talked (childishly) against him. פ׳ ביצרו to talk or argue with one’s own passion, to conquer one’s self. B. Bath. 109ᵇ (play on בנות פׄוטׄיאל, Ex. VI, 25) דאתי מיוסף שפ׳ ביצרו Elazar was a descendant of Joseph, who (is surnamed Putiel, because he) conquered his passion; Ex. R. s. 7, end שהיתה אשתו … יוסף שפ׳ ביצרו … שפׄיטׄם וכ׳ his wife was a descendant of two families, being on one side of the tribe of Joseph who conquered his passion, and on the other of the family of Jethro who fattened &., v. פָּטַם; Sot. 43ᵃ ↗ expanded
פַּטְפִּט , to talk. Gen. R. s. 98 (ref. to Jud. XV, 16 a. 18) דמְפַטְפֵּט צחי he who talks gets thirsty. ↗ expanded
פָּטַר (b. h.) to break through, open. Bekh. VIII, 1 (46ᵃ) (ref. to Ex. XIII, 2) עד שיִפְטְרוּ רחם מישראל (not שיפטרוה) provided they open the womb when the mother is an Israelite (although she conceived before her conversion); ib. 47ᵃ.—2) to send off, discharge, dismiss. Keth. XIII, 5, a. fr. או כנוס או פְּטוֹר (the betrothed has a right to say) either marry or release (me by divorce). Gitt. VI, 5 פִּטְרוּהָ … לא אמר כלום if one says to friends, ‘release her’ … he has said nothing (they are not authorized to write a letter of divorce, as it might mean, release her of her debts &c.); ib. 65ᵇ ר׳ נתן אומר פַּטְּרוּהָ דבריו קיימין פִּיטְרוּהָ לא אמר כלום R. N. says, if he said paṭṭ’ruha (Pi.), his words stand (a divorce is meant), but if he says piṭruha (Kal) &c. Ib. ר׳ נתן דבבלאה … בין פיטרוה לפטרוה וכ׳ R. N. who is a Babylonian, draws a distinction between piṭruha and paṭṭ’ruha; our Tannai (in the Mishnah) being a Palestinian does not &c. Ib. VIII, 4. פּוֹטֵר … בגט ישן a man may divorce his wife with an old letter of divorce (having been closeted with her after he had written it); Tosef. ib. VIII (VI), 3 אינו פוטר וכ׳ he must not divorce with an old letter, in order that the letter of divorce may not date farther back than (the conception of) her child; a. fr. to dismiss, give leave, let go. Sot. IX, 6 ופְטַרְנוּהוּ בלא מזון and we let him (the stranger) go without provision. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCI מי גדול הפּוֹטֵר או הנִפְטָר which is the superior of the two? he who gives leave, or he who takes leave? Ib. (ref. to Gen. XXXII, 27) הרי יעקב פוטר למלאך behold, Jacob gives leave to the angel; a. fr. (law) to discharge, acquit; (ritual) to exempt from obligation, to declare free from punishment, eventually from sacrificial atonement, opp. חִיֵּיב. Erub. 65ᵃ יכול אני לִפְטוֹר וכ׳ I can (by my plea) release from judgment the whole world (all Israelites) from the destruction of the Temple to the present time, for we read (Is. LI, 21), Hear now this, thou afflicted and drunken &c. (a drunken person is irresponsible); ib. מאי יכולני לפטור נמי מדין תפלה this ‘I can release’ means also from responsibility for neglect of prayer (the drunken not being permitted to pray). Succ. 45ᵇ. Sabb. II, 5 ר׳ יוסי פוטר בכלן וכ׳ R. J. declares (him that did it) free from punishment or eventual sacrifice in all those cases, except &c. Ker. IV, 2 ר׳ יהושע פוטר R. J. absolves him from bringing a sin-offering, opp. מחייב חטאת. Snh. V, 5 אם מצאו לו זכות פְּטָרוּהוּ if they found evidence in his favor, they (the court) acquitted him; a. v. fr.—Trnsf. to cause exemption; to cover, include. Ber. VI, 5 ברך על היין … פ׳ את היין וכ׳ if he recited the blessing over wine before the meal, he has therewith exempted the wine offered after the meal (from an additional blessing). Ib. 7 מברך על העיקר ופוטר את הטפלה he says the blessing over the chief dish, and with this he covers that which goes with it (v. טְפֵלָה). Yeb. I, 1 חמש … פּוֹטְרוֹת צרותיהן fifteen women (of various kinship with the yabam, by which he is prevented from marrying any of them) cover their rivals (making them free from dependence on the yabam for marriage or discharge); a. fr.—Part. pass. פָּטוּר; f. פְּטוּרָה; pl. פְּטוּרִים, פְּטוּרִין; פְּטוּרוֹת (is, are) exempt, free, opp. חַיָּיב. Peah I, 6 ופ׳ מן המעשרות וכ׳ and he need not give the tithes, until &c. B. Mets. VIII, 1 פ׳ (sub. מלשלם) he is free from indemnity. Ib. VII, 10 מתנה … להיות פ׳ משבועה may have an agreement to be eventually exempt from making oath; להיות פ׳ מלשלם to be exempt from responsibility. Kidd. I, 7 כל מצות הבן על האב … ונשים פ׳ to all paternal duties men are bound, but women (mothers) are exempt from them. Yeb. I, 2 כשם שבתו פ׳ כך צרתה פ׳ as well as his (the yabam’s) daughter is exempt (from the law of levirate marriage, because the yabam cannot marry her), so her rival is exempt; a. v. fr. Pi. פִּיטֵּרto dismiss; to divorce. Gitt. 65ᵇ, v. supra. Kidd. 31ᵇ פַּטְּרוּנִי dismiss (escort) me; a. e. Nif. נִפְטָר,Hithpa. הִתְפַטֵּרto be exempted, freed. Bekh. II, 1 לא נִפְטְרוּ מבכור וכ׳ they (the Levites) have not been exempted from consecrating the firstborn of clean animals, but only from redeeming their firstborn sons and the firstborn of asses; a. e. to be dismissed, take leave, depart. Yoma I, 5 נפטרו והלכו להם they took leave and went. Sot. IX, 5. Ber. 64ᵃ הנ׳ מחבירו וכ׳ he who leaves his friend (after escorting him a distance) must not say, ‘go in peace’, but, ‘go to peace’; הנ׳ מן המת וכ׳ he who takes leave of the dead (after burial) &c. Ib. 31ᵃ; Erub. 64ᵃ לא יִפָּטֵר אדם וכ׳ one must not leave a friend otherwise than with a word of tradition (on legal or religious subjects), by which he may remember him; a. fr.—Esp. to depart this world, to die. Ber. 17ᵃ גדל בשם טוב ונ׳ בשם טוב מן העולם who grew (lived) with a good name, and left the world with a good name. Tem. 16ᵃ בשעה שנ׳ משה רבינו לגן עדן when Moses our teacher was to depart for paradise. Gen. R. s. 96; a. fr.—Yalk. Koh. 989 בשעה … מִתְפַּטְּרִים וכ׳ when the children are dismissed from school. Hif. הִפְטִירto discard; ה׳ בשפהto discard with the lip, to spurn. Pesik. R. s. 37 מחרקין … ומַפְטִירִים בשפתותיהם gnashed their teeth … and spurned with their lips (ref. to Ps. XXII, 8). Treat. Der. Er. ch. II מפְטִּירֵי שפה (= מפטירין בשפה). to dismiss, adjourn a meeting. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᵈ top הַפְטֵר את העם dismiss the people (adjourn the meeting). M. Kat. 5ᵇ, v. בָּכָה. Ḥull. 51ᵃ מַפְטִיר כנסיות one who dismisses the assemblies, janitor, v. כְּנֶסֶת.—Pes. X, 8, v. אֶפִּיקוֹמָן; a. e. [to recite before dismissal,] to conclude the reading from the Law by reading a portion of the Prophets, to read the Hafṭarah (v. הַפְטָרָה). Meg. IV, 1 בשני … ואין מַפְטִירִין בנביא on Mondays, Thursdays and Saturday afternoons three persons read from the Law …, and we do not close with a lesson from the Prophets. Ib. 5 המפטיר בנביא הוא וכ׳ he who concludes with the prophetic lesson (being the last of those called up) has the privilege of &c., v. פָּרַס; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּטַר , to free, dismiss, let go; to divorce. Targ. Gen. XLIII, 14. Targ. Y. Num. V, 2, sq. Targ. O. Deut. XXIV, 1; a. fr.—Bekh. 4ᵃ אינהו פַּטְרֵי אדם אדם פטר בהמה בהמה פטרי they (the Levites) released (the firstborn Israelites) by substituting man for man, but the firstborn beasts were redeemed through their beasts.—V. פַּטִּיר. Pa. פַּטֵּרsame, esp. to divorce. Targ. Koh. VII, 26 יְפַטֵּיר (ed. Vien. יַפְטִירAf.).—Gitt. 85ᵇ היך פלני … פַּטַּר ותריך וכי (or פְּטַר) how N. N. divorced and sent away N. N. his wife &c. Af. אַפְטַרto dismiss. Targ. Koh. l. c., v. supra.—Num. R. s. 12 דיהוון מַפְטִירִין טלייא וכ׳ that they should dismiss the school children at the fourth hour of the day (during the summer heat); Lam. R. to I, 3 מפטרין רב טלאי (corr. acc.). to deliver a funeral address. Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ top על׳ … וא׳ עילוי וכ׳ R. Z. came in, and spoke of him (as follows) &c. Ib.ᵇ bot. ואיפטר (corr. acc.). Koh. R. to V, 11 עול ואַפְטוֹר עלוי go and deliver the address over him. Ib. א׳ עלוי הדין פסוקא he started his address with this verse &c.; a. fr. to take leave. Tanḥ. B’resh. 13 אַפְטְרוּ מיניה באורתא they took leave of him in the evening; בצפרא אתו וקא מַפְטְרֵי מיניה in the morning they came and again took leave of him; מי לא אַפְטְרִיתוּ קמאי מאתמול did you not take leave of me last night? Erub. 64ᵃ (Ms. M. מִיפַּטְרֵיIthpe.) were taking leave of one another; a. fr. to read the Hafṭarah. Meg. 31ᵇ מאי מַפְטִירִינָן what do we read as Hafṭarah?; ib.ᵃ אַפְטוּרֵי מאי מפטירינן (not מפטירין). Ib. 30ᵇ קרו ומַפְטְרֵי (not קרא) they read from the Law and recited the Hafṭarah; a. fr.—Ber. 53ᵇ מפטרייהו, v. מִפְטָרָא. Ithpa. אִתְפַּטַּר,Ithpe. אִתְפְּטַר, אִיפְּטַר, , אִפְּ׳to escape (a thrust), slip away. Targ. I Sam. XIX, 10. to be divorced, v. מִפְטְרָא. to be sent off, be escorted. Targ. Gen. XLIV, 3.—Esp. to be escorted to the burying place, be buried. Targ. Koh. VII, 1.—Lam. R. to I, 1 נח (רבתי) נפשיה וא׳ לבית עלמין he died and was carried to the burying place; a. e. to take leave, part. Erub. l. c., v. supra. to be exempted. Bekh. 4ᵃ אפי׳ מבכור בהמה נמי נִיפַּטְרוּ let them also be exempt from consecrating the firstborn of cattle; a. e. ↗ expanded
פֶּטֶרpreced. wds.) [opening of the womb,] firstborn, firstbirth. Bekh. I, 6, v. פִּדְיוֹן. Ib. II, 1; a. v. fr.—Pl. פְּטָרִים, constr. פִּטְרֵי, פִּי׳. Ib. 6ᵃ פ׳ סוסים וגמלים the first-births of horses or camels. Ib. 11ᵃ פי׳ חמורות; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּטְרוֹבּוֹלִי (πατρόβουλοι) chief senators, a title given to local magistrates (variously corrupted). Y. Peah I, 15ᶜ top דמה … ראש פטרכולי היה Dama … was the chief of the patrobuloi; Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵇ top פטר בולי (corr. acc.); Pesik. R. s. 23—24 פטרכולי. Pesik. Ul’kaḥ., p. 182ᵇ יצאו פטרופולי וקילסו אותו (Ar. פרפילי), the magistrates came out and praised him; Yalk. Lev. 651 פטרופלי המדינה; Lev. R. s. 30 פרטוטי Ar. (ed. גדולי המדינה). ↗ expanded
פַּטְרוֹזָא (Palez of פטר) a prematurely born animal, a puny lamb. Bekh. 11ᵃ אפי׳ פ׳ בר דנקא even a puny lamb worth no more than a Danḳa. Zeb. 48ᵃ פ׳ בר דנקא Ar. (ed. חטאת בת ד׳, אשם בר ד׳). ↗ expanded
פַּטְרוֹן (πάτρων = patronus) patron, protector. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵃ bot. בא ועמד לו על פתחו של פַּטְרוֹנוֹ וכ׳ he comes and stands at the gate of his patron and calls for his slave &c. Ib. 13ᵇ top ב"וד יש לו פ׳ שולט וכ׳ (not מלך ב"וד) a human being has a patron who may have power in one province &c.; Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᶜ bot. פטרין (corr. acc.). Tanḥ. Vayesheb 8 אתה הוא בטחוני אתה הוא פַטְרוֹנִי thou (God) art my trust, thou art my patron; a. fr.—Pl. פַּטְרוֹנִין, פַּטְרוֹנוֹת. Ex. R. s. 14 שהיו פושעים … שהיו להם פ׳ וכ׳ there were sinners in Israel who had Egyptian patrons and lived in affluence and honor, and were unwilling to leave. Cant. R. to V, 9 מה דודך מדוד … מה פטרון הוא מפ׳ ‘what is thy friend more than any other friend’, what god is he to be different from any other god, what patron to be different from other patrons? Esth. R. introd. אתם יש לכם פ׳ ומה הן וכ׳ you have patrons, and who are they? These are the words of the covenant (Deut. XXVIII, 69). Gen. R. s. 50, end למדינה שהיו לה שני פ׳ וכ׳ (not פיט׳) like a province that had two patrons, one a provincial &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּטְרִיקוֹן (πάτρικος, patricus, -a, -um) something hereditary, heirloom, patrimony. Y’lamd. to Num. XXI, 1, quot. in Ar. יודעין אנו שיש להן מאבותיהן פטריקא וכ׳ we know that they (Israel) have a legacy from their ancestors who said to them, ‘the voice is Jacob’s voice’ (i.e. prayer); I, too, rely on my patrimony, as it is said (Gen. XXVII, 40), ‘by thy sword thou shalt live’; Yalk. Num. 764. Gen. R. s. 49 אילו מפ׳ שלו וכ׳ if I asked (permission to cut some trees down) on his patrimony, he would not refuse me. Gen. R. s. 98 (ref. to Gen. XLIX, 8, a. II Sam. XXII, 41) שהיה פ׳ שלו וכ׳ (not שהיו פטיריקין) it was his (Judah’s) hereditary privilege (paternal blessing, to lay hands on the enemy’s neck); Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 41 פזמריקון; Yalk. Gen. 162 פזמיקון; Yalk. Sam. 163 פיזמיקון (corr. acc.).—Pl. פַּטְרִיקִין. Yalk. Num. 766 שתי פ׳ של ברכות וכ׳ they have two paternal blessings from Aram. ↗ expanded
פִּיגָאPiga, name of a river in Palestine. Par. VIII, 10 (Mish. ed. פוגה); Snh. 5ᵇ (Ms. M. פו׳). B. Bath. 74ᵇ (Ms. M. פו׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); Midr. Till. to Ps. XXIV; Yalk. Ps. 697 פוגע (corr. acc.). name of a place. Tosef. Ter. I, 15 ed. Zuck. (Var. פינא).—Tosef. Yeb. VI, 8 מעשה ברופא בפ׳ אחד ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. מעשה בחופה באחד), read מעשה בפ׳ באחד, or מ׳ בחיפא באחד). ↗ expanded
פִּיגּוּל [abomination, unfitness,] a sacrifice rejectable in consequence of an improper intention in the mind of the officiating priest. Zeb. 28ᵃ פ׳ זהו חוץ למקומו piggul (Lev. VII, 18; XIX, 7) refers to the intended disposal beyond the legal limits of space (for eating the sacrifice). Ib. II, 3 חוץ למקומו פסול … חוץ לזמנו פ׳ וכ׳ the intention of disposal at an improper place makes the sacrifice unfit, but the eating of it is not punishable with extinction, whereas the intention of disposal at the improper time makes it piggul, and the eating of it is punished with extinction; a. fr.—Pl. פִּיגּוּלִים, פִּיגּוּלִין, פִּגּ׳. Sifra Ahăré, Par. 5, ch. VII. Cant. R. to V, 14, כמה פ׳ many laws concerning piggul; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּיגּוּל ² , abomination. Targ. Is. LXV, 4. Targ. Ez. VI, 4; 5; 13 Bxt. (ed. פִּיגּוּר, q. v.). Targ. I Sam. XVII, 46 (ed. Lag. פגר).—Esp. piggul, v. preced. Men. 94ᵃ (a mnemonical formula) שכן ציבורא חובה טמיא דאכיל פ׳ בשבתא for the show-bread is, like the ʿOmer, a congregational offering, an obligatory offering, is offered when the congregation is unclean, is eaten by the priests, is subject to becoming piggul, and is offered on the Sabbath; ib.ᵇ ↗ expanded
פיגום , Tosef. B. Bath. VI, 2 טינופת פ׳ לסאה, read with ed. Zuck.: טינופת לסאה; פיגום being a misplaced gloss, corrupted from פיטס׳, as a Var. of פוטסות ib. 3.—Bekh. V, 3 (35ᵃ) נטל פ׳ Bab. ed., v. פִּגְיוֹן↗ expanded
פִּיגּוּר constr. (פְּגַר I) breaking, destruction. Targ. Is. XXIV, 12. (פְּגַר II, v. פֶּגֶר) decay, only in connection with טעוותא (rendering h. . Targ. Ez. VI, 4; 5; 13 (Bxt. פיגול). Targ. O. Lev. XXVI, 30 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. פִּגְרֵי). ↗ expanded
פִּיגִי (πηγή) spring. Gen. R. s. 15 (ref. to Gen. II, 10) כפ׳ שהיא נתונה וכ׳ like a spring in a garden which waters the garden.—*Pl. פִּיגִין. Targ. Y. Ex. XV, 27 Ar. (ed. עינוון). ↗ expanded
פִּיגָּם (פָּגַם; cmp. פָּגוּם I, a. Gen. R. s. 20, quoted bel.; πήγανον would seem to be of Semitic origin) the herb rue. Gen. R. s. 20 שהם דומים לפ׳ וכ׳ resembling the leaves of rue, wide below and narrow on top, v. אוֹר II, 3. Kil. I, 8 אין מרכיבין פ׳ ע"ג קדה וכ׳ you must not graft rue on wild cassia, because it would be a combination of an herb with a tree; Erub. 34ᵇ פגם (some ed. פי׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 200). Ukts. I, 2. Sabb. 128ᵃ. [פִּיגְמָהּ, Snh. 73ᵇ, v. פְּגִימָה 3]. ↗ expanded
פִּיגְמָא = פְּגָמָא q. v. = h. פָּגוּם I semicircular turret, Pigma, a suburb of Tiberias. Y. Erub. V, 22ᵇ bot. אין תמשח פ׳ וכ׳ if you measure (for Sabbath limits) from the Turret &c. ↗ expanded
פִּיד (פדר; cmp. פְּדַע) picking of chickens. Ab. Zar. 4ᵃ (ref. to פידו, Job XXX, 24) אני נפרע מהן כפ׳ של תרנגולת I will collect from them (punish them) as the chicken picks (in small instalments); ib. אפי׳ אין ישראל … מעט כפ׳ של תרנגולין וכ׳ even if Israel do but small good deeds, as the picking of chickens in the dunghill, I will combine them into one large sum; Yalk. Job 918. (b. h.) (= שֶׁבֶר) misfortune. Pesik. Naḥămu, p. 126ᵇ (ref. to Job l. c.) אין הקב"ה מכה … אלא מביא פ׳ לזו וכ׳ the Lord does not strike a nation and let her sit in despair, but brings misfortune on one and consoles her with another &c.; Yalk. Job l. c. ↗ expanded
פִּיהוּק (פָּהַק) yawning. Ber. 24ᵇ top גיהוק ופ׳ Ms. M. (ed. מגהק ומפהק). ↗ expanded
פִּיהֵי (פְּהֵי) wandering about, idleness; בשיהי פ׳ in standing still and sauntering about, in idleness. Targ. II Esth. III, 8; Meg. 13ᵇ Ms. M. (ed. בשה"י פה"י, expl. in Rashi as an acrostic abbreviation: שׄבת הׄיׄום, פׄסח הׄיוׄם to-day is Sabbath, to-day is Passover); Yalk. Esth. 1054 בשהי פהי. ↗ expanded
פִּיוְולָא (fibula = pallium fibulatum, cmp. περόνημα a. πόρπαμα) clasp; a cloak fastened with clasps or buckles. Tanḥ., ed. Bub., Noah 21 נתן … טלית לשם וליפת פ׳ the Lord rewarded them, giving Shem the ṭallith (v. טַלִּית), and Japhet the pallium fibulatum; Gen. R. s. 36 ויפת לפִוְולָא and Japheth was granted the pallium; Yalk. ib. 61 לפלוניא (corrupt. of לפִיבוּלָא; some ed. פלמניא, corr. acc.).—Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ bot. היה הופך עיכליה דימינא וכ׳ (Matt. K. to Lam. R. to IV, 2 פִּיבְלֵיה) he changed the buckle from his right to his left shoulder; Y. Dem. IV, 24ᵃ bot. פילכיה דשמלא לימנא (read: פיבליה; Lam. R. l. c. יד אונקלי). ↗ expanded
פִּיּוּט (פוט, v. פּטפט) talk, story-telling.—Pl. פִּיּוּטִין. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to the disregard of chronological order in the Book of Daniel) שלא יאמרו דברי פ׳ הם כדי וכ׳ that people should not say, they are merely historical annals; in order that all should know that he (Daniel) told it by holy inspiration; Yalk. ib. 144 שלא יאמר פ׳ הוא (corr. acc.); Yalk. Dan. 1063.—[In liturgy פיוט: hymn, esp. applied to alphabetical acrostics; v. פַּיְיטָן.] ↗ expanded
פַּיּוֹטוֹת (preced.) [talkers,] children of six or seven years of age. Y. Erub. VII, 24ᶜ bot. (ref. to Gitt. V, 7), v. פָּעוֹטוֹת a. אִפְיוֹטוֹת. ↗ expanded
פיונטייה , Y. Snh. XI, end, 30ᶜ ור"ש יבין ליה פ׳, a corruption in a passage which otherwise requires emendation; read: שע"ז בין שנתכוון … בין שלא נתכוון … דברי ר"ש חונקין אותו ודברי חכמים סוקלין אותו אבל בשאר כל המצוות אם לא נתכוון לעקור את כל הגוף דברי חכמים סוקלין אותו ודברי ר"ש פוטרין אותו; v. Tosef. Snh. XIV, 13, a. Bab. Snh. 90ᵃ ↗ expanded
פִּיּוּס (פִּיס) conciliation, persuasion, comfort. Nidd. 31ᵇ מפני מה האיש מקבל פ׳ וכ׳ why does man easily accept conciliatory words, and woman does not? (Answ.) This one partakes of the nature of the material of which he was created (earth being easily crushed) &c. Y. Taan. II, 65ᵇ bot. ואני מקבל פִּיּוּסָן and I shall accept their apology. Gen. R. s. 93 הגשה לפ׳, v. הַגָּשָׁה. Ib. כל הדברים … היה בהם פ׳ ליוסף וכ׳ all the words … (Gen. XLIV, 18—34) contained conciliatory argument for Joseph, for his brothers, and for Benjamin. Koh. R. to VII, 2 מדה שיש בה פ׳ a social act with which consolation is connected; a. fr.—Pl. פִּיּוּסִים, פִּיּוּסִין. Gen. R. s. 74 (ref. to Gen. XXXI, 36) דא את סבור … דברי פ׳ וכ׳ here you might think there would be blows and wounds, but (his anger found vent only in) words of persuasion &c.; a. e.—[Lev. R. s. 26 בפיוסין, read: בפִיסְטִין.] ↗ expanded
פִּיּוּסָא Gen. R. s. 94 דילמא אגב פ׳ שביק ציבחר perhaps in consequence of conciliation (by presents) he may remit some (of the imposed penalty). Y. Peah VIII, end, 21ᵇ דחמא … יקבל פִּיּוּסָךְ may he who sees and cannot be seen, accept thy apology (as I accept it).—Pl. פִּיּוּסִין, פִּיּי׳. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXIV, 3.—[Y. Shek. VII, 2 Bab. ed., v. פִּוְוסָרוֹס.] ↗ expanded
פַּיּוּתָא (יפי; cmp. Syr. פאיות, P. Sm. 3017) beauty. Targ. Job VIII, 12 ed. Lag. (Ms. פַּוְו׳; ed. גֵּיוְת׳; h. text אבו). ↗ expanded
פִּיזָּא = h. פָּז. Gitt. 58ᵃ תרתי מתלי איסתירא פ׳ וכ׳ all the fine gold of the world weighs two Istiras, one half of it is in Rome, and the other in the rest of the world. Ib. מחפי בפ׳ covered with fine gold. Ab. Zar. 11ᵇ מתקל ד׳ זוזי דפ׳ (not ר׳, ed. מתקל זוזא דפ׳; Ms. M. פרזא, corr. acc.; Ar. ed. Koh. פִּיזֵּיgold pieces) fine gold of the weight of four Zuz. Keth. 77ᵇ תכטקי פ׳, v. תַּכְתָּקָא; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּיזּוּר (פָּזַר) scattering, dispersion. T’bul Yom II, 3 מפני שהוא רוצה בפִיזּוּרוֹ because the scattering (of the garlic in the mortar) is welcome to him. Sabb. 16ᵇ בשעת פ׳ עבים when the clouds were dispersing. Sifra M’tsorʿa, Par. 2, ch. II (מקום) פ׳ שיער isolated hairs. Snh. VIII, 5 פ׳ לרשעים וכ׳ dispersion (separation) of the wicked is a profit to them and to the world; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּיחָה (preced.) wind, flatus. Ab. Zar. 17ᵃ [blowing away,] reduction, diminution. Ex. R. s. 43 (ref. to יפיחו, Prov. XXIX, 8) אלו ישראל שנתנו פ׳ בעולם וכ׳ this means the Israelites who brought diminution into the world by the calf which they made, for … there is not a generation that suffers not at least a particle of punishment &c. (v. אוּנְקְיָא). Cant. R. to II, 17 (play on שיפוח, ib.) עד שאכניס פ׳ בלילן של מלכיות until I allow a reduction to enter into the sufferings (v. לַיִל) from foreign governments, i.e. shorten the term of the exile. Ib. כבר הכנסתי פ׳ וכ׳ I did once before shorten the exile in Egypt. ↗ expanded
פִּיטּוּם (פָּטַם) compounding, manufacturing; ingredients. Ker. 6ᵃ פ׳ הקטרת וכ׳ the ingredients of frankincense are &c. Y. Shek. IV, 48ᵃ bot. שהיו בקיאין בפ׳ וכ׳ who were experts in the preparation of frankincense. Y. Sot. VIII, 22ᶜ top פ׳ שמן המשחה the ingredients of the oil of anointment; a. fr.—[B. Mets. IV, 12 (60ᵃ), a. e., v. פִּיטּוּס.]—Pl. פִּיטּוּמִים, פִּיטּוּמִין, פִּיטּ׳spices. Ter. XI, 2 כמוני פ׳ R. S. (ed. פְּטָמִים; Ms. M. בשמים) like those who count spices (and add some in the bargain).—[Tanḥ., ed. Bub., Shof’ṭim 8 פיטומין, v. פְּרוֹטוֹמִי.] ↗ expanded
פִּיטּוּמָא Targ. Y. Ex. XXV, 6.—Pl. פִּיטּוּמִין. Ker. 3ᵃ בעי למיתניא פ׳ בהדי הדדי the redactor of the Mishnah wanted to place together the laws concerning the compoundings (of frankincense and of oil). ↗ expanded
פִּיטּוּמָא ² (פטם to break, cmp. Arab. faṭas mortuus fuit) slain body, corpse. Y. Taan. IV, 69ᵃ top חמי לי פִּטּוּמֵיה show me his (Bar Kokhba’s) body; Yalk. Deut. 946 אייתון לי גופיה פטומיא (read: אייתון לי פטומיה, גופיה being a gloss to פ׳).—Pl. פִּיטּוּמִין, פִּטּ׳. Lam. R. to II, 2 זיל אייתי לי פִּיטּוּמַיְהוּ go and bring me their bodies ↗ expanded
פִּיטּוֹמֶת (פָּטַם) [mortar and pestle,] trnsf. m. (sub. קצה) the oblate part of the breast around the nipple. Nidd. V, 8 משישחיר הפ׳ (Bab. ed. 47ᵃ הפיטומות, corr. acc.) when the surroundings of the nipple begin to grow dark. the upper part (blossom end) of the onion. Y. Ter. IX, 46ᵈ top; X, beg. 47ᵃ העביר פִּטּוֹמְתּוֹ וכ׳ if the upper part of it has been removed, it is considered as if cut in pieces.—V. פִּיטְמָה. ↗ expanded
פִּיטּוּס (freq. פִּיטּוּם, פִּיטָּם) c. (פטס to expand, cmp. פָּטַם 2) a large cylindrical vessel, cask or tub of earthen material (corresp. to πίθος, a. to dolium; v. Sm. Ant.3 Engl. ed., s. v. Dolium). B. Mets. IV, 12 (60ᵃ) התגר … פיטם אחד (Bab. ed. פיטום; Y. ed. Ven. a. Mish. ed. Nap. פיטס; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 400) a merchant may buy wine from several presses and put it into one cask. Keth. 111ᵇ in the days to come מביא ענבה … כפ׳ גדול one will bring in one cluster of grapes on a wagon or in a boat and place it in a corner of his house, and take his supply of wine from it, as if it were a large jar; Sifré Deut. 317 כשותה מן הפיטום; Yalk. ib. 944 ומסתפק והולך מן הפטים (read כמן הפ׳); Yalk. Gen. 160 בפ׳ גדול (corr. acc.). R. Hash. III, 7 (27ᵇ) הפיטם (Bab. ed. הפיטס; Ms. M. הפיטם, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). Tosef. Ohol. X, 3 פ׳ שהוא עומד וכ׳ a piṭṭus (pithos) standing in a room and reaching from the floor to the ceiling. Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. IV, 16 פיטים שקירו וכ׳ (corr. acc.) a large tub to which one made a cover to use it as a stove, and which he plastered over with clay. Y. Bets. III, 62ᵃ top צד הוא בפיטס he may catch an animal (on the Holy Day) by chasing it into a tub; Y. Sabb. III, 14ᵃ bot. בפיתם (read ס …). Tosef. T’bul Yom II, 3 פִּיתוֹס.—Pl. פִּיטְּסִין, פִּטְּ׳. Kel. III, 6 שטופלין בה הפ׳ (Ar. הפדיסין) wherewith they line the tubs. Bets. 15ᵇ הללו בעלי פ׳ those (the first to leave the lecture room) are owners of tubs of wine, contrad. to חבית &c. a vessel made of brittle clay and requiring lining.—Pl. פִּיטְּסוֹת. B. Bath. VI, 2 (93ᵇ) קנקנים בשרון … פיטסות למאה (Ms. H. a. R. פּוֹטְסוֹת; Mish. ed. פִּיטַסְיָאוֹת, Y. ed. פִּיטְסָאוֹת) if a man buys jugs (קנקנים) in Sharon, he must accept ten thin jugs for every hundred; ib. 97ᵇ, expl. נאות ומגופרות, v. נָא II; Tosef. ib. VI, 3, sq. פוטסות ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. פוניסות, פינוסות, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פִּיטּוּרֵי (פָּטַר; cmp. Prov. XVII, 14) water rushing through bars. Ber. 8ᵃ death from croup is כפיטורי בפי ושט like the gushing water at the entrance of a canal (when the sluice-bars are raised); [Ms. B. N. כפרוקי פטורי בפי ושט; Ms. M. marg. Var. כפיטוני לפי ושט, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 4; Rashi ref. to פטורי צצים, I Kings VI, 18, Targ. אטונין: like ropes pulled through loop-holes in the boards of a ship]. M. Kat. 28ᵇ, sq. the departure of the soul from the body is כצפורי בפי (ה)וושט ר׳ י׳ אמר כפטורי בפי וושט as the whirling waters rushing into the entrance of the channel; R. J. says, as the water rushing through &c.; [Rashi: as the knots of ropes with which two ships are tied together; for Var. Lect. v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 60]; Lev. R. s. 4 כפיטורין היוצאין מן הוושט as the rushing waters leaving the channel; Tanḥ. ed. Bub., Mick. 15 כפיטורי היוצאת בפי ושט (Ms. Parma כפיטורין; Ms. R. כקפיטורין); Tanḥ. ib. 10 כקפוטורין יוצאה מתוך הושט; Koh. R. to VI, 7 כקפיטורין מתוך הושט. ↗ expanded
פִּיטּוּרִין (פְּטַר) discharge, divorce. Targ. O. Deut. XXIV, 3 (ed. Berl. פִּיט׳, without Dagesh). Targ. Y. Ex. XXI, 11 פְּט׳; a. e.—Gitt. IX, 3 (in a formula of a letter of divorce) גט פ׳ (absent in Y. ed.); Ned. 5ᵇ ↗ expanded
פִּיטְטָא (v. פַּטָּטָא) talk, discussion.—Pl. פִּיטְטַיָּא, פִּיטְטִין, פִּטְ׳. Y. Ber. IX, end, 14ᵈ כל פ׳ בישין ופ׳ וכ׳ all discussions are bad, only those about the Law are good. Lev. R. s. 12 (transl. למי שיח, Prov. XXIII, 29) למאן פ׳ who has disputes?; Yalk. Prov. 960 (not פטשין); Esth. R. to II, 1 (ר׳ עזריה).—[Gen. R. s. 44 חד פטטיא Ar., read הדין פ׳, v. מִלְכָי.] ↗ expanded
פִּיטִירַיָּה [Petræan?] name of a species of figs. Y. Shebi. V, beg. 35ᵈ (expl. בנות שוח, ib. V, 1) פיטי׳ (R. S. to Shebi. l. c. פִּיטְרַיָּה). ↗ expanded
פִּיטָלוֹן (πέταλον) a leaf of metal, gold-foil (corresp. to h. כתם). Targ. Job XXVIII, 16 ed. Lag. (ed. פִּטְלְוָן, Levita פיטליין, corr. acc.). Ib. 19. Ib. XXXI, 24. Targ. Lam. IV, 1 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. פלטין, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פִּיטְמָא (פְּטַם) fat, fattened animal. Targ. I Kings V, 3 (ed. Lag. פטימא). Targ. Ez. XLV, 15, v. פַּטִּים.—B. Kam. 47ᵃ פ׳ לבעל פרה (Rashi פטומא) the additional value on account of fatness goes to the credit of the owner of the cow. f. = h. פְּטוּמָה, crammed bird. Ex. R. s. 25 (in Hebr. dict.) if one said, אילולי היה לי פ׳ אחת … טעם פ׳ I wish I had a crammed bird to eat, it (the mannah in his mouth) had the taste of a crammed bird; Midr. Till. to Ps. XXIII יֵיעָשֶׂה פטומא ed. Bub. (oth. ed. עשה שמן פְּטוּמָה, strike out שמן); Yalk. Ps. 690 פְּטוּמִין pl.↗ expanded
פִּיטְמָא 2 (פָּטַם 1) [pestle, mortar] a protuberance on the blossom-end of fruits having the appearance of a pestle seated in a mortar (cmp. בּוּכְנָה); the upper portion of a fruit, v. פִּיטּוֹמֶת. Succ. III, 6 נטלה פִטְמָתוֹ if the pestlelike protuberance of an Ethrog is taken out; expl. Y. ib. III, 53ᵈ תמן אמרין שושנתו there (in Babylonia) they say, ‘its lily’; Bab. ib. 35ᵇ, v. בּוּכְנָה (v. Rashi a. l.). Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ top פיטמה של אבטיח (v. מְעָה) the upper portion of a melon (containing the carpels). Ukts. II, 3 הפיטמא של רמון (ed. Dehr. הפטמה) the top-piece of a pomegranate. ↗ expanded
פִּיטָּס , v. פִּיטּוּס.—[Midr. Till. to Ps. XIX, 2 ed. Bub. בפיטסין, read: בפִיסְטִין.—Tanḥ., ed. Bub. Thazr. 12 פיטסים, v. פָּסָּטוֹן.] ↗ expanded
פִּיטֵּק (פטק = פתק) [ball, stone; cmp. פַּיִּיס,] lot, ballot. —Pl. פִּיטְּקִין. Cant. R. to VIII, 11, v. דָּדָה. Y. Snh. I, 19ᶜ bot. נטל … פ׳ וכ׳ Moses took twenty two thousand ballots and wrote on them &c.; בואו וטלו פִּיטְּקֵיכֶן come and draw your ballots.—V. פִּתֵּק. ↗ expanded
פִּיטְקָאballot, lot; fate, decree. Koh. R. to III, 2 חייך דאת מחמי לי פִּיטְקִי by thy life, thou must show me my fate.—Pl. פִּיטְקַיָּא, פִּיטְקִין, פִּטְ׳, פְּטִיקַיָּא. Targ. Y. I Num. XI, 26 (v. Y. Snh. I, 19ᶜ bot.).—Koh. R. l. c. היך מה דלית … את שליט על פִּיטְקֵינָן וכ׳ as thou hast no power over our (the scholars’) fate &c. tablet, official letter (corresp. to h. ספר or אגרת; cmp. פִּתְגָּם). Targ. Esth. IX, 32. Targ. Job XXXI, 35; a. e.—Pl. as ab. Targ. Esth. I, 22; a. fr.—V. פִּיתְקָא↗ expanded
פִּיטְרָא 1 (cmp. פַּטְרָיוֹת) fungus. Sabb. 107ᵇ sq. האי מאן דתלש פ׳ וכ׳ he who plucks a fungus from the handle of a pitcher. ↗ expanded
פִּיטְרָא 2 (פְּטַר) farewell. Snh. 96ᵇ שרא פ׳ בביתיה Ms. M. (read שדא פ׳ לביתיה; ed. Crac. פוטריתא, Rashi ed. Crac. פטרתא; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he sent a farewell letter (disposal of his property) to his house; (ed. פּוּרְטִיתָא, v. פִּירְטָא). ↗ expanded
פִּיטְרָא 3 (πέτρα) rock. Y’lamd. to Num. XXIII, 9 quot. in Ar.; Yalk. Num. 766 חפר … יהיה מוצא למטה פ׳ he dug in one place and found a rock below; ib. הרי מצאתי פ׳ לבנות וכ׳ I have found a rock (Abraham) on which to build and establish the world. Y. Shebi. V, 36ᵃ top פוטרה, v. פּוּאָה.—[Y. Kil. I, 27ᵇ bot., פיטרה emend. in Levy Talm. Dict., v. פִּיטּוּרָה.—Ib. 27ᵃ bot. פטר פיטרה סולינון, v. פִּיטְרוֹסִילִינוֹן.] ↗ expanded
פַּיְיטָן (פוט, v. פִּיּוּט) speaker, esp. (by adaptation to ποιήτης) composer of alphabetical acrostics, poet. Lev. R. s. 30 דהוה … פ׳ ודרשן he was teacher of Bible and of Mishnah, speaker (poet) and preacher; Pesik. U’kaḥ., p. 179ᵃ (Ar. ed. Koh. פּוֹיְיטָן, oth. ed. פייטם, פייטס, corr. acc.); Cant. R. to III, 6 פייטויי (corr. acc.). Ib. to I, 1 הדין פ׳ כד עביד וכ׳ when a poet writes &c., v. אלפ"א; Koh. R. to I, 13 פּוֹיְיטָנָא.—Pl. (h.) פַּיְיטָנִים. Yalk. Cant. 983 (ref. to חרוזים, Cant. I, 10) אלו הפ׳ this refers to the poets (in Israel). ↗ expanded
פיילדה , a corrupt., perh. for פִּילוּרָא m. (πυλωρός) janitor. Koh. R. to III, 9 (some ed. פיילן); [Ar. thinking of פיילי: potter]. ↗ expanded
פְּיָילִי 1 (φιάλη, fiala) a broad, flat bowl. Targ. Y. I Gen. XL, 12. Targ. Y. I Num. VII, 13 פְּיוֹלִי (Y. II פַּיְילִי; h. text קערה). Targ. Is. LI, 17; 22 פ׳ כסא (ed. Wil. פַּיְלִי; h. text קבעת כוס); a. fr.—Tanḥ. Naso 1 פְּיָאלִי של חרש an earthen bowl; Sifra M’tsorʿa, Par. 1, ch. 1 פיי׳ של חרס; Sot. II, 2 (15ᵇ; Bab. ed. פְּיָלִי); a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 10, a. fr. פ׳ פוטירין, v. פּוֹטִירִין.—[Gen. R. s. 63 קדום פ׳, קודם פ׳, read: פִּילִי.]—[Sabb. 90ᵇ פיילי ביירי Rashi, v. פַּלְיָא.]—Pl. (ch.) פַּיְילָוָון, פַּיְילְוָותָא, פַּיְילָ׳, פַּיְלָ׳ (פִּילָ׳). Targ. Am. VI, 6 (ed. Lag. פִּלְוָון). Targ. Y. Num. IV, 7 (ed. Vien. פִּילַיָּו׳); a. e.—(Masc. form) פְּיָילֵי, פַּיְילֵי, פְּיָילַיָּא, פְּיָלַ׳. Targ. II Chr. IV, 8; 11; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּיַילְתָּא = פְּיָילִי I. Targ. Y. II, Num. VII, 13. Targ. Y. ib. 85.—Pl. with suffix: פַּיַילְתּוֹי. Targ. Y. Ex. XXV, 29.—[פיילת חיוא, v. פָּלְיַית.] ↗ expanded
פַּיָּיס (פִּיס) brittle stone. Sabb. 81ᵃ פייס Ms. O. (ed. פאיי׳; Ms. M. פַּיָּאס; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note), expl. כרשיני בבלייתא, v. כַּרְשִׁינָא I. ↗ expanded
פַּיִיס (פִּיס) division, (cmp. פּוּר, a. בָּצַע) compromise, arbitration, esp. by counting out a certain number on the raised fingers of those among whom a decision is to be made (v. צָבַעHif.), allotment. Yoma II, 2 התקינו … אלא בפ׳ it was ordained that the cleansing of the altar should not be done (by whosoever was the first to reach it) but according to arbitration by counting &c. Ib. וזה הפ׳ הראשון and this was the first arbitration (on the Day of Atonement). Ib. 3 הפ׳ השני מי וכ׳ the second count was to decide who was to slaughter &c.; a. fr.—Pl. פְּיָיסוֹת. Ib. 2 ארבע פ׳ היו שם four times arbitration took place there (on the Day of Atonement). Y. Pes. VI, 33ᵇ מפני קילקול פ׳ because it disturbs the arrangement of the various services allotted severally to the priests; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּיָיסָאcompromise, peace. Nidd. 37ᵃ עבדו רבנן פ׳ the Rabbis have made peace (have been reconciled). lot, balloting. Targ. II Esth. III, 7 פ׳, a. פ׳ דעדבין. Targ. I, II Esth. IX, 24. Targ. Prov. I, 14; a. e.—Yoma 22ᵃ תקינו לה … פ׳ the scholars arranged balloting (by counting fingers, v. preced.). Ib. 23ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּיְיסַנְתָּא (preced.) masonry, mason’s guild, v. preced. ↗ expanded
פִּיל 2 (פלא, cmp. נָפִיל) elephant. Kil. VIII, 6. Men. 69ᵃ; B. Bath. 22ᵃ. Lev. R. s. 6; a. e.—Pl. פִּילִים, פִּילִין. Gen. R. s. 31, end., v. זְמוֹרָה. Y. Sabb. XVIII, 16ᶜ; Tosef. Sabb. XIV (XV), 8; a. e.—Gen. R. s. 15, end בן הפילים some ed., v. נָפִיל. ↗ expanded
פִּיל ² ; שן דפ׳, or פ׳ (sub. שן) ivory. Targ. I Kings X, 22. Ib. XXII, 39; a. e.—Y. Shebu. III, 34ᵈ bot., a. e., v. עֲנִיבָה II. Ber. 55ᵇ bot. דלא מחוו ליה … ולא פ׳ דעייל וכ׳ man is never shown in a dream a golden palm tree or an elephant passing through a needle’s eye (man dreams only of what he thinks of when awake). B. Mets. 38ᵇ דילמא … דמעיילין פ׳ art thou perhaps of Pumb’ditha where they make an elephant pass through a needle’s eye (are subtle)? Num. R. s. 10; Lev. R. s. 5, v. עַרְסָא; a. e.—Pl. פִּילַיָּא, constr. פִּילֵי. Targ. Cant. VI, 8. Targ. Nah. II, 4 (h. text פלדות!). ↗ expanded
פִּיל 3 (part. pass. of פול or פלל; cmp. בלל; cmp. פְּלֵי) permeated, soaked. Targ. O. Lev. XIV, 21 (h. text בלול). Ib. VII, 10; a. fr.—Pl. f. פִּילַן. Ib. 12; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּילָא 3 (cmp. preced.) split, crack, furrow.—Pl. פִּילֵי. Pes. 76ᵃ bot. אית ביה פ׳ if there are splits (in the crusty surface of the roast); Ḥull. 112ᵃ. Sabb. 33ᵇ הוו ביה פ׳ בגופיה had cuts in his skin (from living in a cave). M. Kat. 3ᵃ; Succ. 44ᵇ סתומי פ׳ to close up fissures in the soil which covers the roots. B. Bath. 54ᵃ top. Taan. 4ᵃ, v. עוּרְפִּילָא; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּילָא 4pila, name of an aromatic plant (Rashi: polion, v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Polion). Keth. 77ᵇ ↗ expanded
פִּילָגוֹס (πέλαγος) high sea. Targ. Ps. XLVI, 3 פ׳ דימא (ed. Wil. פַּלְגוּס; h. text לב ים). Targ. Y. Ex. XV, 8.—Lev. R. s. 12, beg. בפ׳ דימא, v. אִילְפָא I; Esth. R. to II, 1 (ר׳ עזריה); Yalk. Prov. 960 בפ׳ (without ימא). Koh. R. to III, 6 [read:] כד עללין אנן לפ׳ אנן וכ׳ when we get out on the high sea, we shall kill him. ↗ expanded
פִּילּוּג (פָּלַג) division, separation. Y. Ber. I, 2ᶜ bot. וכל פ׳ מי בראשית מתפלגין מתחתיו whatever be the divisions into which the waters of creation parted, they started from under it (the tree of life); (Gen. R. s. 15, a. e. וכל מימי בראשית מתפלגין מתחתיו). ↗ expanded
פִּילּוּג ²distribution. Targ. Y. Num. X, 32. decision, decree; פִּילּוּג דינאjudgment. Targ. O. Gen. XIV, 7 (h. text עין משפט; v. Targ. Y. ib.) Targ. Joel IV, 2 (h. text יהושפט); a. e. part, v. פְּלַג II. ↗ expanded
פִּילוֹטִימְיָא (φιλοτιμία, S.) display, public show, esp. gladiatorial exhibition, combats of beasts &c. (v. Sachs Beitr. I, p. 120). Ex. R. s. 30 שמע שפ׳ נעשית (not פלוטמיא) he heard that a show is coming up; שאל … פ׳ he asked a gladiator (לוּדָר), when will the show take place?; שאל לאותו שעושה פ׳ he asked him who was to give the show (‘editor’). ↗ expanded
פִּילּוּל (פָּלַל) pleading, pillul, one of the terms for prayer. Sifré Deut. 26; Deut. R. s. 2; Yalk. ib. 811. Yalk. Ex. 260 עלה פ׳ תפלתן וכ׳ (not תכלתן) the pleading of the prayer of the patriarchs arose &c.; (Mekh. B’shall., Vayassʿa, s. 3 עלתה תפלתן). ↗ expanded
פִּילוֹן (πυλών, πυλεών) gateway. Lev. R. s. 30, beg. (ref. to Ps. XVI, 11) הודיעני איזה פ׳ מפולש וכ׳ Ar. (ed. תודיעני באיזה) let me know which is the open gate leading to life everlasting. Gen. R. s. 59, [read as:] Yalk. ib. 103 (ref. to Gen. XXIV, 1) בא בפ׳ מפולש וכ׳ he had entered on the gateway leading &c. Gen. R. s. 66, end פִּילְיוֹנוֹ של וכ׳ (not פו׳) Isaac’s gateway was open from both sides, so that the one came in from one side, and the other from the other side; [ib. s. 48 פלן של אבינו אברהם וכ׳; Yalk. ib. 82 פוולונו (corr. acc., or פָּפִילְיוֹנוֹ, v. פָּפִילְיוֹן]. Lev. R. s. 18 הכל נכנסין בפ׳ אחד (not בפולין, בפילין) all enter town by the same gateway [or read: בפילי אחת, v. פִּילי]; Koh. R. to XII, 5 בפילין אגון אחת (בפילי) (corr. acc.). Ib. כד אתין לפילין (ed. Wil. לפילן, corr. acc.) when they arrived at the gateway (of the Sepphorean’s residence); a. e.—[Yalk. Ex. 178 פלומי פ׳, v. פְּלוּמוֹפִּילוֹן.] ↗ expanded
פִּילֹּון (φύλλον, sub. Ἰνδικόν; folium) aromatic leaves (Malabathrum). Sifra Vayikra, Ḥoba, Par. 12, ch. XXII המערב … עלי גפנים בפ׳ who adulterates phyllon with vine leaves; Tosef. B. Bath. V, 6 בפיליון (corr. acc.); Koh. R. to IX, 13 בפלפלין (corr. acc.); ib. to VI, 1 בפליון (corr. acc.); Yalk. Lev. 479. Sabb. 62ᵃ; Gitt. 69ᵇ, v. חוּמַרְתָּא. ↗ expanded
פִּילוֹנִיקְיָא (φιλονικεία) love of strife, contentiousness. Tanḥ. Vaëra 11 (ref. to Is. XLVI, 10ᵇ) כל הקורא פסוק זה סבור שמא פ׳ וכ׳ (not פלוניקיא) he who reads this verse will think, is there a contest of opinions above (in heaven)?; ib. ed. Bub. 11 פקלוניא (corr. acc.); Ex. R. s. 9, beg. פלינקרא, פלינקריא (corr. acc.); (Tanḥ. Thazr. 7 עיות הדין, ed. Bub. 9 עיבור הדין). ↗ expanded
פילוס , Midr. Till. to Ps. IX; Yalk. ib. 642 פיליש, read פִּילִיפּוֹס, v. פוליא↗ expanded
פִּילוּסָאPilusa (Pelusium). Ab. Zar. 39ᵃ Mus. (ed. פלוסא, Ms. M. פולסא; ed. Pes. a. oth. פלמוסא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note).—V. פִּילוּסִין. ↗ expanded
פִּילוֹסוֹפוֹס (φιλόσοφος) philosopher, one living a life of speculation and self-denial, monk (v. Gr. Dict. s. v.). Y. Sabb. III, 6ᵃ bot. חד פ׳ שאל וכ׳ (not פיוס …) a certain philosopher (Christian?) asked &c.; Y. Bets. II, 61ᶜ. Treat. Der. Er. ch. V (v. Brüll, Jahrb. 1879, p. 41). Gen. R. s. 1 פ׳ אחד שאל וכ׳ (ed. Wil. פילסופי, corr. acc.) a philosopher asked R. G.; Ab. Zar. 54ᵇ פלוספוס; a. fr.—Pl. פִּילוֹסוֹפִים, פִּילוֹסוֹפִין, (פְּלוֹ׳). Ib.; Tosef. ib. VI (VII), 7. Gen. R. s. 65 לא עמדו פ׳ בעולם וכ׳ no philosophers ever arose as wise as Balaam &c. Gen. R. s. 61 ישבו פ׳ וחשבו (= סופיסטיס) accountants sat down and calculated; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּילוּסִין 1 (Πηλούσιον) Pelusium, a town in Lower Egypt. Targ. Y. I Gen. XLVII, 11 ארעא דפ׳ (Y. II ופילוסים, corr. acc.; h. text ארץ רעמסס). Targ. Y. Ex. I, 11 פִּלּוּסִין ed. Vien. (II תין …, corr. acc.); a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּילוּסִין 2 (preced.) Pelusian linen. Yoma III, 7 (34ᵇ) היה לובש פי׳ וכ׳ Y. ed. (Bab. ed. a. Mish. פל׳) he wore garments of Pelusian linen of the value of &c. Y. ib. III, 40ᵈ top שני של פ׳ second class Pelusian linen; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּילֵי (πύλαι) gate of a town, entrance. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XIX, 1.—Y. Yeb. XII, 12ᵈ top; Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵃ bot. מן דמטון (ל) פ׳ (not פו׳) when they arrived at the gates. Lam. R. to I, 1 (רבתי) בתרע פ׳ דההיא וכ׳ at the gate of the entrance to that city. Gen. R. s. 63 פ׳ דפנייס the gate of Paneas; a. fr.—Ib., a. e. פיילי (corr. acc.).—Tanḥ., ed. Bub., Miḳḳ. 10 בפולי אחד (read: בפי׳ אחת).—Pl. ch. פִּילְוָותָא. Targ. Y. I Deut. XX, 11 פִּילְוָותָהּ (Y. II פִּלְוָותָא, corr. acc.).—Hebr. pl. פִּילָאוֹת. Tanḥ. l. c. הושיב שומרים על פתחי פ׳ (not פתח) he placed guards at all entrances. ↗ expanded
פִּילְיָאPilia. Lev. R. s. 24 יודן בר פ׳; Y. Ber. IX, 14ᵇ בן פילה; Midr. Till. to Ps. CI פִּלְיָיא ed. Bub. (oth. ed. שילא, corr. acc.). Y. Shebi. V, beg. 35ᵈ פליא Fr. M’bo, p. 95ᵇ (ed. Krot. פדיא). ↗ expanded
פִּילֵס (פְּלַס; cmp. פּוּלְסָא) a circular disk, plate, used as a weight. Targ. I Sam. XXX, 12 (h. text פלח). Targ. Ez. IV, 10 (h. text שקל).—B. Mets. 47ᵇ פִּילְסָא, Ar., v. פּוּלְסָא. ↗ expanded
פילסונו , Gen. R. s. 60 הוא פ׳ Ar., ed. הוא ופלסונו; Yalk. ib. 109 הוא ופלסטינו, a corruption;—perh. to be read: הוא ופַלָּטִינוֹ (palatinus) he and his chamberlain (the guardian angel accompanying him). ↗ expanded
פִּילָקִי (φυλακή) prison. Pesik. U’lkaḥ., p. 182ᵃ איתייהב בפ׳ was put in prison; Lev. R. s. 30 איתחבש בפ׳. Ex. R. s. 15 נתנה בפ׳ he put her in prison. Ex. R. s. 30, v. בָּעַט II; a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 34 חבשתינון בסלקי (corr. acc.).—Pl. פִּילָקִיוֹת, פִּלָ׳. Pesik. Vayhi, p. 67ᵃ; Pesik. R. s. 17. Pesik. R. s. 42 (ref. to Esth. II, 18, והנחה) פיתח הפ׳ he opened the prisons. ↗ expanded
פִּילְקִין (πέλεκυς) axe. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXVIII, 47 כפ׳ היה יורד הברד וכ׳ (not בפ׳) the hail came down like an axe (or axes, pl.) and cut all the trees; Ex. R. s. 12; Midr. Till. to Ps. CV, 33 כפילקיס הזה; Tanḥ. Vaëra 14 בפלכין; Yalk. Ps. 820 בפיקלין (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פִּינָּהturn, movement.—Pl. פִּינּוֹת (פּוֹנוֹת). Yoma 58ᵇ כל פי׳ שאתה פונה וכ׳ (Ms. M. 2 פנות; Ms. O. פו׳) all the turns you make (in the Temple) must be towards the right; ib. 15ᵇ (Ms. M. פו׳); Zeb. 62ᵇ (Ms. M. פו׳); Sot. 15ᵇ פו׳; Yalk. Lev. 446 פְּנִיּוֹת; a. e.—[With the exception of Sot. l. c. our editions read פינות]. corner. Ex. R. s. 37, beg. (ref. to Zech. X, 4) ממנו פ׳ זה וכ׳ ‘from him (Israel) the cornerstone is taken’, this refers to King David (with ref. to Ps. XVIII, 22). Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXVIII שלש מידות … אבן פ׳ וכ׳ there are three qualities of scholars, a hewn stone (seated in the wall), a corner stone &c.; אבן פ׳ שיש לו שתי פיות וכ׳ (one versed in Midrash and Halakhah) is a corner stone which has two faces only.—Pl. as ab. Midd. I, 1 על ארבע (פִּינּוֹתֶיהָ) פִּינּוֹתָיו in its four corners. Erub. 11ᵃ, v. פֵּאָה. ↗ expanded
פִּינּוּי (פָּנָה) emptying, clearing. Neg. XII, 5; Sifra M’tsorʿa, Neg., ch. III, Par. 5 (ref. to Lev. XIV, 36) עסק הוא לפ׳ is the clearing of the house such important business?; Yalk. Lev. 566. Ib. בכהן הצווי ופ׳ בכל אדם the order must be issued by the priest, but the clearing may be done by anybody; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּינוֹלֵס (φαινόλης, φαιλόνης S. = pænula) a travelling cloak, pænula. Treat. Tsitsith (ed. Kirchh. p. 22) פילגס (corr. acc.; Sifré Deut. 234 תכלא; Yalk. ib. 933 תיכלא, prob. to be read: פִּינוּלָא). Y. Ned. X, end, 42ᵇ מהו להתיר בפלונס (not ם …) is it permitted to act as judge in absolving from vows wrapped in a pænula (in place of a Tallith)?; Y. Ḥag. I, 76ᵈ top פלנים (corr. acc.).—Pl. פִּינוֹלִין, פִּילוֹנִין. Lam. R. to II, 2 מוכרי פילינין Ar. (ed. Koh. פילינון, corr. acc.; ed. מוכרי טהרות) sellers of pænulæ; Y. Taan. IV, 69ᵃ bot. אורגי פלגס (corr. acc.) weavers of material for pænulæ.—Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. V, 11 פמליאות, פימ׳ (R. S. to Kel. XXVIII, 8 פמילאות) read: פִּינוֹלָאוֹת. ↗ expanded
פִּינִיתָא = h. פִּינָּה, street-corner. Targ. Prov. VII, 8, v. עֵינוּתָא. Ib. 12. ↗ expanded
פִּינָךְ (πίναξ) dish, plate. Y. Snh. XI, 30ᶜ top פ׳ דסולת a dish of fine flour. Y. Sabb. III, 6ᵇ top. Ḥull. 111ᵇ (Ar. ed. pr. פִּינְקָא). Taan. 24ᵇ (Ar. פינקא); a. e.—Pl. פִּינָכֵי. Pes. 49ᵃ מלחיך פ׳ (Ar. Var. פִּינָקֵי), v. לְחַךְ. ↗ expanded
פִּינָס (a corrupt. of פִּינוֹלֵס q. v.) travelling cloak. Gen. R. s. 84 (ref. to ויפשיטו, Gen. XXXVII, 23) זה הפ׳ this refers to his cloak; Yalk. ib. 142. Ib. 133 עד שמכר פ׳ שלו when he was compelled to sell his travelling cloak; (Yalk. Gen. s. 78 הסוס שלו). ↗ expanded
*פינסור , Tanḥ. Shof’ṭim 10 והיה הפ׳ שלה עומד וכ׳, a corrupt., read: הקוּסְטוֹס or הקוּסְטוֹד (custos, -odis) the guard of the fort stood at the entrance, and when he entered and saw them &c.; v. קוּסְטוּדְיָא. ↗ expanded
פִּינְקֵס c. (πίναξ) board, tablet, esp. (πίνακες) the folded writing tablets; register, list. Sabb. XII, 4, v. לוּחַ II. Ib. 5 על שני דפי פ׳ on two boards of a pinax (Rashi: two columns on one tablet). Nidd. 30ᵇ the embryo in the womb דומה לפ׳ שמקופל resembles in position a folded pinax. Gen. R. s. 69 (ref. to Gen. XXVIII, 13) קפלה כפ׳ ונתנה וכ׳ he (the Lord) folded it (the land) like a pinax and placed it under his (Jacob’s) head; a. fr.—Esp. the merchant’s accounts, book. Ab. III, 16 הפ׳ פתוח והיד וכ׳ the book of (God’s) accounts lies open, and the hand writes, and whosoever wishes to borrow may come and borrow &c. Shebu. VII, 1 החנוני על פִּינַקְסוֹ Y. ed. (Mish. a. Bab. ed. פנ׳), v. חֶנְוָונִי. Ib. כתוב בפִינַקְסִי וכ׳ Y. ed. (Mish. a. Bab. על פנ׳) it is written in my book that thou owest me &c. Y. Ned. I, 36ᵈ פינקסו נפתחת his account book is open (his sins will be visited); ib. פינקסתו (corr. acc.). Gen. R. s. 81, v. בָּקַר; a. fr.—Pl. פִּינַקְסִין, פִּינַקְסָאוֹת, פִּינַקְסָיוֹת, פִּנַ׳. Kel. XXIV, 7, v. אִפּוֹפּוֹדִין. Gen. R. s. 1 דיפתראות ופ׳ יש לו he (the builder) has before him rolls and tablets (plans and descriptions). Y. R. Hash. I, 57ᵃ bot. שלש פ׳ וכ׳ there are three books (before the Lord), one for the perfectly righteous &c. (Bab. ib. 16ᵇ ספרים); a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּינְקֵס ² Targ. Ez. IX, 2, sq. (h. text קסת). Targ. II Esth. IV, 1 ופִינְקְסֵיה; a. e.—Y. Sabb. V, end, 7ᶜ, v. גִּימוֹן. Ib. XII, end, 13ᵈ מאן דאמר חוקק כגון ההן פ׳ he who says the term כתב applies also to engraving, means engraving like that on the wax-covered tablet, opp. בולט. Y. Maas. Sh. IV, 55ᵇ bot. I saw in my dream לביש חד פ׳ וכ׳ (דהוינא) that I was covered with a pinax of twelve tablets; Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי דהוינא טעין חד פ׳ וכ׳ (חד כות׳) that I was carrying a pinax &c. Y. Maasr. II, 49ᵈ bot. אשכחון כתיב בפִינַקְסֵיה וכ׳ (not כתב) they found written in a memorandum of &c.; a. e.—Pl. פִּינַקְסִין, constr. פִּינְקְסֵי, פִּנָ׳. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXIX, 11. ↗ expanded
פִּיס (cmp. פָּסַס) to split, divide, distribute. Hif. הֵפִיסto penetrate, (cmp. בָּדַק); to cause abdominal trouble. Pes. 107ᵃ מִיסְרָן ומֵפִיס this drink is a tempter and then gives pain (Ms. M. ומֵיפֵיס; Ms. O. מייסרן ומיפיס, v. פָּסַס; ed. ומפייס, v. infra).—[מפיס מורסא, v. פָּסַס.] to break a person’s anger or will, to pacify, persuade, comfort. Shebu. 45ᵃ כדי להָפִיס דעתו וכ׳ in order to satisfy the mind of the employer (to convince him that he was mistaken). Y. ib. VIII, 38ᵈ top; Y. Snh. III, 21ᶜ bot. מצוה להֲפִיסוֹ it is proper to give him (the owner of the lost animal) satisfaction (by stating the cause of the loss); v. Pi.—Ab. Zar. 71ᵃ צא והָפֵס עלי מנת המלך go and satisfy for me the royal taxes (settle for me as best you can), v. מְנָת. to arbitrate, decide (cmp. פָּסַק). Sabb. 33ᵃ מי מֵפִיס who will decide (as to the cause of my disease)? Ib. 54ᵃ מי מפיס וכ׳ who will decide which udders are tied up for the purpose of drying them up and which for the purpose of preserving the milk?—Esp. to decide by chance, by drawing lots, counting a certain number &c. (v. פַּיִיס). Tam. I, 2 מי שטבל יבוא ויָפִיס let those who have bathed, come and take part in the count of chance; הֵפִיסוּ זכה וכ׳ after they have drawn, he who has won, has won (no appeal is permitted). Yoma 24ᵇ למה מְפִיסִין וחוזרין וכ׳ why did they draw once and again (why not at once for all the functions to be distributed)? Ib. במה מפיסין (Rashi: מפייסין) what garments do they wear when drawing? Gen. R. s. 84 (play on פסים, Gen. XXXVII, 23) שהפיסו עליה וכ׳ they drew lots about it (the coat) as to who should carry it to his father &c. Sabb. XXIII, 2 (148ᵇ) מפיס (אדם) עם וכ׳ a man may decide by lot (on the Sabbath) the shares of honor at the table &c.; ib. 149ᵇ; a. e. Pi. פִּיֵּיסto pacify, conciliate, persuade. Pes. l. c. מְיַסְּרָן ומְפַיֵּיס (that drink) chastises us (gives us pain), and yet is so persuasive (tempting). Ber. 28ᵇ אני יכול לפַיְּיסוֹ בדברים וכ׳ I might appease him with words or bribe him with money. B. Bath. 9ᵇ כל הנותן … והמְפַיְּיסוֹ בדברים וכ׳ he who gives a poor man a coin will be blessed with six blessings, but he who speaks kindly to him, will be blessed with eleven blessings. Gen. R. s. 93, end כשם שלא פ׳ … אלא וכ׳ as Joseph pacified his brothers only by weeping &c. Y. Snh. l. c. מצוה להפיסו … ואינו מְפַיְּיסוֹ על שקר it is right to satisfy his mind by stating the truth, but one must not do so by a falsehood; Y. Shebu. l. c. מפייסו … אינו מפייסו וכ׳. Lev. R. s. 19, end נלך ונְפַיֵּיס לגדלת, v. גַּדֶּלֶת; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 94, end ופייליה, read: ופִיְּיסוּהוּ and they appeased him (Nebuchadnezzar).—Part. pass. מְפוּיָּיס. Ex. R. s. 51 הריני מפ׳ שמחלת וכ׳ I am convinced that thou hast forgiven Israel. Hithpa. הִתְפַּיֵּיס,Nithpa. נִתְפַּיֵּיסto be appeased, satisfied, persuaded. Ib. אותה שעה נֵתְפַּיְּיסוּ … על וכ׳ now all Israelites were satisfied with regard to the work of the Tabernacle (that everything was correct). Ber. 33ᵃ נתפ׳ אותו השר that prince’s anger was appeased. Pesik. R. s. 10 הרי הגורן בא והכל מִתְפַּיְּיסִים בשביל וכ׳ when harvesting time comes, all (that now are disputing) will be convinced for whose sake the field has been sown. Yoma 86ᵇ ספק מִתְפַּיֵּיס הימנו וכ׳ it is doubtful whether he will or will not accept his apology; ספק מתפייס בדברים וכ׳ it is doubtful whether he will be appeased by mere words (without demanding a fine or public satisfaction) &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּיס ²to distribute, v. פְּסַס. to break, desecrate, v. infra. Af. אָפֵיס , (אַפֵּיס) to break, weaken; to desecrate. Targ. Y. II, Num. XV, 31 (h. text הפר). Targ. Hos. IV, 9 (ed. Wil. אֲפִיס Pe.). Ib. לַאֲפָסָא. Targ. Y. Lev. XIX, 8 (h. text חלל). Ib. XXI, 8 תַפְסִינֵיה (fr. פסי). Ib. 6 יַפְסוּן (ed. Vien., a. Y. II יִפְסוּן, Pe.). Targ. Job XV, 4 תָּפֵישׂ (ed. Wil. תָּפֵשׁ, corr. acc.; h. text תפר). Targ. Y. Num. XXV, 1 לאוֹפָסָא (cmp. אוֹקִים fr. קוּם). Targ. Ps. LIII, 1 מַפְסִין (some ed. מְפַסִּיןPa., fr. פסי); a. fr.—Targ. Y. I Deut. XXIII, 18 תִפְסוּן ed. Amst. (ed. Vien. תספון, corr. acc.).—Part. pass. f. מַפְסָה. Targ. Y. II, Lev. XXI, 7 (h. text חללה).—V. פְּסַס. Pa. פַּיֵּיס (with (with ב־) [to split, drive into, v. פְּצַר,] to press, urge. Targ. Y. Gen. XIX, 3 (h. text ויפצר). to break a man’s vehemence; to quiet, appease, reconcile, persuade, pray. Targ. Esth. VIII, 3 ופַיְיסַת ליה (h. text ותתחנן). Targ. Y. Gen. XLII, 21; a. e.—Ḥull. 95ᵃ top אי הוות פַּיְיסַת מינאי וכ׳ if thou hadst asked my pardon (made peace with me) &c. Ib. 94ᵃ [read:] פַּיְּיסֵיה למבורין secure the good will of our ferryman (make him a present); פייסיה ואיקפד he offered him a present, and he (the ferryman) became angry. Yoma 87ᵃ איזיל אנא לפַיּוּסֵי ליה I will go and make peace with him. Y. Snh. XI, 30ᶜ top; Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵈ top פייסיה עלי make him (the idol) favorably disposed towards me. Taan. 24ᵃ ומְפַיַּיסְנָא ליה וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ומְפַיְּיסִינָן) and I persuade him (the pupil), until he comes and reads. Meg. 12ᵃ דבני מאתיה … מפייס להו for, as to the residents of his own place, he can win their favor, whenever he wants; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְפַיַּיס; f. מְפַיְּיסָא; pl. מְפַיְּיסִין; מְפַיְּיסָן. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵈ bot. ישכח אפין מפייסן (not מפייסא) he may find a friendly face (a well-disposed judge). Ithpe. אִיתְּפִיס, אִיתְּפֵסto be broken, degraded. Targ. Job XV, 20 מִתְּפִיס (ed. Lag. מתפס; ed. Wil. מִתַּפֵּס, Ithpa. of פסס or of תְּפַס II; h. text מתחולל).—[Targ. Y. I Deut. XXIII, 18 יִתְפַּס ed. Amst., v. תְּפַס II.] to be appeased; to yield. Targ. Prov. VI, 35 (h. text יאבה). Ithpa. אִתְפַּיֵּיס, אִיפַּ׳same. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXIV, 15 (h. text נאות). Ib. 22; a. e. (v. טְפַס).—Yoma 23ᵃ דמפייסו ליה ומִיפַּיֵּיס when they ask his pardon, and he is appeased (forgives). Num. R. s. 5, end מאן פייסך דאִיפַּיְּיסַת who asked thy pardon, that thou wast appeased?; Sot. 35ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּיסָא (preced.) = h. פַּיָּיסlump of brittle stone. Snh. 64ᵃ שקל פ׳ שדא ביה he took up a lump and threw it at it (the idolatrous statue). Macc. 8ᵃ; a. e. = h. פַּיִיס, v. פְּיָיסָא↗ expanded
פִּיסּוּל (פָּסַל) cutting off dry twigs, trimming. Shebi. II, 3 כפִיסּוּלָהּ של חמישית the trimming as it is done in the fifth year, contrad. to זֵירוּד. Ib. כל זמן … רשאי אני בפִסּוּלוֹ as long as I am permitted to do what is necessary to cultivate the tree, I am also permitted to trim it; Y. ib. 33ᵈ אני רשאי בפיסולו עד העצרת ‘I am permitted to trim it’, that means up to the festival of Shabuoth.—Pl. פִּיסּוּלִים, פִּיסּוּלִין, פִּסּ׳chiselled (millstones). Ḥull. 88ᵇ, v. נִקְרָה. ↗ expanded
פִּיסּוּלָא = h. פְּסוּל, disqualification, blemish; disqualified, unworthy person. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXV, 22; a. e.—Pl. פִּיסּוּלַיָּא. Targ. Y. Lev. XXI, 14. ↗ expanded
פִּיסּוּק (פָּסַק) separation, interruption, pause. Zeb. 53ᵇ פ׳ ארבע מתנות Rashi a. Ms. R. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 60; ed. וארבע) four separate manipulations (with pauses between them), v. מַתָּנָה; Yalk. Lev. 441. פ׳ טַעֲמִים (or sub. טעמים; v. טַעַם) the division of words into clauses in accordance with the sense, punctuation. Ned. 37ᵃ שכר פ׳ (ט׳) remuneration for teaching the values of punctuation signs or accents, v. פֶּסֶק. setting a price on fruits before they are harvested. Y. B. Mets. V, 10ᶜ bot. בפ׳ איתפלגון they differ as to permission to fix the price &c., opp. to מלוה. Ib. אבל בפונדק (corr. acc.). פ׳ רַגְלַיִם spreading the feet. Keth. 39ᵇ צער של פ׳ הר׳ the pain caused by forcing her feet apart (ref. to Ez. XVI, 25 ותפשקי). ↗ expanded
פִּיסְטִין (πίστις) trust. Yalk. Ps. 672 נוטלין … ופורעין בפ׳ they borrow from one another in trust (without witnesses or note) and pay in trust; Midr. Till. to Ps. XIX בפינוסין, ed. Bub. בפטסין (corr. acc.).—Esp. שטר פ׳a deed of trust, an instrument by which property is conveyed to a person in trust (fideicommissum) to use it in a certain way; a feigned sale or donation (for the purpose of eluding creditors &c.). Y. Keth. II, 26ᵇ bot. נאמנין … ושטר פ׳ הוא (not פוסיטים, פיסיטים) witnesses (signed on an instrument) are credited when they say, it was a deed of trust (v. אֲמָנָה), or it was a feigned transfer. Ib. (ref. to Job XI, 14) ‘if there be wrong in thy house, remove it’, this means a deed &c.; Bab. Keth. 19ᵇ פסים, (read with Ar. פָּסִיס q. v.). Ib. 79ᵃ הרוצה … כותבת שטר פסים לאחרים if a woman desires to withhold her property from her husband’s control, she may write out a deed of trust (a feigned transfer) to a third person (prior to her marriage); Tosef. ib. IX, 2 כותבן שטר פטים לאחר ed. Zuck. (Var. בטפיח, כותבתן בטפוס, corr. acc.). B. Bath. 154ᵇ אם אמר שטר פסים הוא זה (Ms. H. פיס) if he says, it was a feigned sale (you persuaded me to a nominal sale in order to make people believe that you are a man of means). ↗ expanded
פִּיסְטַלְיוֹת (an adapt. of ἐπιστύλια, as if a reduplic. of פָּסַל) lintels on the top of a pillar, epistyles. Y. Succ. I, 52ᵃ bot. [read:] ארבעה עמודים ועליהם ארבע פ׳ (Mus. אפיס׳) four columns and on top of them four epistyles (extending beyond the columns); Y. Erub. I, 19ᶜ פִּצְטַלְיוֹת. ↗ expanded
פִּיסְטְקִין (πιστάκια) pistachio-nuts. Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ bot. (Ar. פסתקין), v. בּוּטְמָא. Y. Maasr. I, 48ᵈ bot. איפסט׳ (v. אַפִּסְטְקִין; Tosef. Maasr. I, 1 הפרסקין (corr. acc.).—V. פִּיסְתְּקָא. ↗ expanded
פִּיסִּים (פָּסַס, v. פַּס II) [distributions, cmp. Lat. tributum,] taxes, esp. pissim, pissin, name of a Roman tax laid on the community and distributed by the latter according to assessments (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Vectigalia). Y. Peah I, 15ᵇ bot. (ref. to Prov. III, 26) אם נתת … משמרך מן הפ׳ וכ׳ if thou givest charity out of thy pocket (voluntarily), the Lord will guard thee from tributes, fines &c.; Gen. R. s. 1. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44ᵇ; Y. Shebi. IV, 35ᵇ אתם מגלגלין עלינו פ׳ וזימיות וכ׳ you impose upon us tributes and fines &c. Yalk. Jer. 312 משתעבדין … בפ׳ ובהוניות וכ׳ are oppressed by tributes, confiscations &c.; Pesik. Baḥod. p. 151ᵃ במסים (corr. acc.); a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּיסָּק (פָּסַק) interruption.—Pl. פִּיסְּקִין. Y. Shek. III, 47ᵇ bot. לשתותן בפ׳ to drink them (the four cups) at intervals, v. פָּסַק. slope or embankment by the roadside.—Pl. as ab. Tosef. Erub. X (VII), 2 ההרים והפ׳ וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. החרים והפסקן; El. Wil. emends פסקנין) hills, slopes, or a ship by the side of a public road (v. Tosef. Sabb. X (XI), 4). ↗ expanded
פִּיסְקִינוֹת (piscina) fish-ponds, in gen. ponds, reservoirs. Koh. R. to II, 6 (expl. ברכות מים ib.) פי׳ (not פו סקינוס); Yalk. ib. 967 פיסקניות (corr. acc.).—[V., however, פְּסֵיקָה.] ↗ expanded
פִּיסְקְתָא (פְּסַק) a small share, portion. B. Bath. 151ᵃ פ׳ דפרדיסא (Ms. F. פְּסִיקְתָּא) a small portion of an orchard. ↗ expanded
פִּיסְּתָא = פַּסָּא, פִּיסַּת ידא the hand up to the wrist; פ׳ כף רגלאthe foot up to the ankle. Targ. I Kings XVIII, 44; a. e.—Yeb. 115ᵃ פ׳ דידא וכ׳ (see) the hand that lies here (of the remains of the burned husband); a. e.—Pl. פִּיסָּתָא, constr. פִּיסַּת, פִּסַּת. Targ. I Sam. V, 4. Targ. Esth. VIII, 10. piece, esp. bread (v. פִּיתָּא). Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵇ bot. בגין דאנא אכל פִּיסְּתִי … דהדין פסא וכ׳ when I eat my bread and, not knowing how to say grace, I say, blessed be he who has created this piece &c. (Bab. ib. 40ᵇ מריה דהאי פיתא). Y. Sabb. VII, end, 10ᵈ קופדה משלים לפ׳ פ׳ וכ׳ meat may serve as a complement to bread (to complete the legal size), but bread cannot serve as a complement to meat. Tanḥ. Ekeb 7, v. לִפְתּוּתָא.—Pl. פִּיסָּתָאcrumbs. Y. Pes. VI, 33ᶜ צריך מבערה פ׳ must remove the crumbs. ↗ expanded
פִּיסְתְּקָא (v. פִּיסְטְקִין) pistachio-nut. Gitt. 59ᵃ כפ׳ ופלגיה דפ׳ (not ופלגי) compressed to the size respectively of a pistachio-nut and half a pistachio-nut (Rashi: acorn). Pl. פִּיסְתְּקִין, פִּיסְתְּקַיָּה, פִּסְ׳. Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ bot. Ar., v. פִּיסְטְקִין. Ib. 27ᵇ הוה משקי פ׳ בשביל למתקן (not פרסתקי׳ … למתקה) put pistachio-nuts in boiled wine to sweeten them. ↗ expanded
פִּיעוּר (פָּער) uncovering one’s self, obscene worship of the idol Peor. Snh. 106ᵃ; Yalk. Num. 771 פעור. V. פְּעִירָה. ↗ expanded
פִּיף (apocop. reduplic. of פֶּה; cmp. פִּיפִיּוֹת) fringe, knotted to the border. Kil. IX, 9 פ׳ של צמר וכ׳ (Mish. ed. פיו, corr. acc.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10) it is forbidden to attach woolen and linen fringes (to a garment), because they may be mixed up with the web; Y. ib. 32ᵈ.—Trnsf. knots surrounding the anus. Tosef. Mikv. VII (VIII), 10 בפ׳ או ביציאה ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. בסוף או בצואה, read בפיף). ↗ expanded
פֵּיפוּר (= פרפור; פָּרַר; cmp. אַפִּיפְיָירוֹת) trellis. Y. Kil. VI, 30ᶜ אם … לפסע בין פ׳ לפ׳ וכ׳ if he is in the habit of stepping from one trellis to the other (in one step), they are considered (for purposes of mixed seeds, כִּלְאַיִם) as one espalier; [Levy quotes פִּיפְיוֹר.]—Pl. f. פִּיפָרוֹת. Ib. (Levy quotes פִּיפְיָרוֹת]. ↗ expanded
פִּיפְיוֹרָא (preced. wds.; cmp. פּוּרְיָא) royal litter. Ab. Zar. 11ᵃ [read:] ניפרא נקיט נורא קמי פ׳ אפיפיורא לדוכסא דוכסא וכ׳ the torchbearer carries the light in front of the litter, the chief lecticarius (behind the litter, carries the light) for the dux, the dux for the hegemon, the hegemon for the comes; does the comes carry the light before the people (that follow the procession)?—[V. Sachs Beitr. II, p. 111 on the custom of carrying fire.] ↗ expanded
פִּיצּוּלַיָּא (פְּצַל) shrivelled fruit, esp. grapes which fell in an unripe state and were put in the sun to ripen (cmp. פַּצְעִילִין). Y. Bets. IV, 62ᵇ bot. באילין פ׳ הוה עובדא the question turned on the sun-dried grapes; Y. Maasr. I, end, 49ᵇ באילין פצולי אילין הוה וכ׳ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פִּיצְעָא = h. פֶּצַע, wound.—Pl. פִּיצְעִין, פִּצְ׳. Koh. R. to I, 8 עד דאיתמלאון פִּיצְעֵי פ׳ until their heads were full of wounds. ↗ expanded
פִּיצְּתָא (פְּצַץ or פוץto split, break; cmp. פִּיסָא) arbitration, lot, share. Targ. Y. Deut. XXXII, 8, sq. (not ציפתא). Ib. IV, 34. Targ. Prov. XVIII, 18 (ed. Wil. פִּצְתָּא). Targ. Ps. CXXV, 3; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּיקָא (פקק; cmp. פְּקַעַת) lump, ball, swelling, esp. protruding cartilage. Ḥull. X, 4 (134ᵇ) פ׳ של גרגרת thyroid cartilage; Neg. X, 9. Ib. 10 פ׳ של צואר the protruding cartilage of the neck; Tosef. ib. IV, 12 פ׳ של פירקא. Bekh. VII, 6 (45ᵃ) פ׳ יוצאה מגודלו (not יצא) one that has a lump on his thumb; a. fr. a protuberance on the blossom end of fruits, v. פִּיטְמָא II. Y. Succ. III, 53ᵈ פיקא. spinner’s coil. Ohol. VII, 4 עד שיעגילו ראש כפ׳ until the embryos (on leaving the vagina) form a round head like a coil; expl. Bekh. 22ᵃ כפ׳ של צמר like a coil of wool. Ib.; Tosef. Ohol. VIII, 8 פ׳ של שתי the coil containing the warp; פ׳ של ערב containing the woof. Bekh. l. c. נראית פ׳ מתוך פ׳ it has the appearance of a coil coming forth out of a coil, v. טְפִיפִית. (של כוש) פ׳ whorl. Kel. XI, 6. Par. XII, 8; a. e. coil or tuft used as a stopper (v. פָּקַק). Kel. XVII, 12.—Pl. פִּיקִין; פִּיקוֹת. Bekh. 45ᵃ בעל הפיקין (not הקיפין) one afflicted with lumps; (Ar. Var. הפיקס; Ar. s. v. כסת: הפִּיקָן; Mish. ib. VII, 6 בעל פיקה; Talm. ed. 45ᵃ הפיקום, Rashi: הפיקין). Ib. 22ᵃ שלש פ׳ שמעתי וכ׳ I learned of three sizes of coils, one of the warp, one of the woof, and one large coil, that of the sack-weavers; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. VII, 1, v. סַקָּי I. Lev. R. s. 14 פ׳ פ׳ coils upon coils (in the abdomen). Tosef. Ohol. XIII, 5, v. לָבַשׁ; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּיקָא ² (פוק) = b. h. פּוּקָה, gliding, sinking. Sabb. 147ᵇ משום פ׳ on account of sinking in the clay-soil (פִּילוֹמָא, which makes walking a labor; Rashi: he might stain his garments when sinking in the muddy soil, and then wring them out).—Tosef. ib. VII (VIII), 21 מבעיתין לעוית ולפ׳ וכ׳ (Var. ולפוקה) you may shock a person in convulsions, or in an attack of vertigo, and it is not forbidden as a superstitious practice, v. אֱמוֹרִי.—Yalk. Esth. 1054 מכניסין פ׳ בממונו וכ׳ they (the Jews) cause a sinking (decline) in the wealth of the world (Esth. R. to III, 8 פַּחַת).—Snh. 111ᵇ (ref. to פקו, Is. XXVIII, 7) אין פוקה אלא גהינם (Ms. K. פקו) ‘sinking’ means going to Gehenna. ↗ expanded
פִּיקּוּדcharge, trust. Num. R. s. 1, end לא נמצא נאמן בפִיקּוּדוֹ (not נאה) was not found true to his charge. count, muster.—Pl. פִּיקּוּדִים, פִּקּ׳. Sot. 36ᵇ; Yoma VII, 1, a. e. חומש הפ׳ the Book of Numbers, v. חוֹמֶשׁ. ↗ expanded
פִּיקּוּדָאcommand. Targ. Ps. XIX, 9. Targ. Y. Deut. XXVII, 26; a. e.—Pl. (masc.) פִּיקּוּדַיָּיא, פִּיקּ׳. Targ. Ps. l. c. Targ. Deut. XXVIII, 1; a. fr. muster, count.—Pl. as ab. Y. Shek. I, 46ᵇ (ref. to Ex. XXX, 14) כל דעבר על פ׳ יתן all those who passed the mustering (Num. I) shall give (half a Shekel, exempting the tribe of Levi, acc. to Num. I, 47). ↗ expanded
פִּיקּוּחַ (פָּקַח) removing debris; פ׳ נפשremoving a person from under debris, in gen. saving an endangered life. Keth. 5ᵃ מפקחין פ׳ נפש בשבת you must remove debris to save a life on the Sabbath. Ib. 15ᵇ אין הולכין בפ׳ נ׳ אחר הרוב as to saving life (on the Sabbath), we do not judge by the majority of the residents of a place (whether the person in the ruins is or is not presumably a Jew); Yoma 84ᵇ. Ib. 85ᵃ מנין לפ׳ נ׳ שדוחה וכ׳ whence is it proven that the duty of saving life supersedes the Sabbath laws? Keth. 19ᵃ אין לך דבר שעומד בפני פ׳ נ׳ וכ׳ there is nothing (no religious law) that stands before (must not yield to) the duty of saving life, except three things: idolatry, incest and bloodshed (which you dare not commit even to save your life); Yoma 82ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּיקּוּסָא , pl. פִּיקּוּסִין, פִּיקּוּסַיָּא (v. פָּקַס II) removing the coils on the blossom end of gourds. B. Mets. 88ᵇ עד דגמר לפִיקּוּסַיְּהוּ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 80) until he has finished the entire work of removing &c.; מדמתחלן פיקוסייהו Ms. M. (ed. מכי אתחולי) when the removing work has been started. ↗ expanded
פִּיקָס (cmp. פִּיקָה I; φῦκος, fucus, of Semitic origin) [coil,] sea-weed or rock-lichen used as a dye; red color, rouge. Sifra M’tsorʿa, Neg., Par. 1 (ref. to שני, Lev. XIV, 4) יכול פ׳ ת"ל תולעת from שני you might infer that you may use the dye from fucus, therefore tolaʿath is added (to indicate that it must be won from a worm, the snail); Yalk. Lev. 559 פִּיקִים. the dried up blossoms of gourds. B. Mets. 88ᵇ (expl. משיפקסו, Maasr. I, 5) משינטל פ׳ שלהן (Rashi to Bets. 13ᵇ פֶּקֶס) as soon as their blossoms are removed. lump. Bekh. 45ᵃ Var. Ar., v. פִּיקָה I. ↗ expanded
פִּיקְסִינָה (πύξινον = πύξος) box-tree, box-wood. Y. Keth. VII, end, 31ᵈ (expl. תאשור, Is. XLI, 19) פיקסינה; Gen. R. s. 15 פקסינון; Tanḥ. T’rum. 9 פקטנין; ed. Bub. נקשנון, Var. נקשונין, נקסטן (corr. acc.). Y. Yoma III, 41ᵃ top (expl. אשכרוע) פסקינין (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פִּיקְעָא (פְּקַע) split, esp. slits in the rectum. Ab. Zar. 28ᵃ sq. חש בפ׳ suffered from slits. Ib. ליתי … ולינח פ׳ להדי פ׳ let him get the kernel of a bramble fruit and place its split (wedge-shaped) side against the slit. Ib. פ׳ עילאה slits in the upper part of the rectum, פ׳ תיתאה in the lower part. ↗ expanded
פִּיקְעִין = h. פַּקּוּעוֹת, Coloquintidas, Bitter-Apples (v. Löw, Pfl., p. 332, sq.). Targ. II Kings IV, 39. ↗ expanded
פִּיר (פָּרַר) rubble, loose ground; quarry (cmp. German Bruch). Ned. 81ᵇ; Keth. 71ᵇ לא מצינו שועל שמת בעפר פ׳ it does not occur that a fox dies in the dust of rubble, i.e. you do not feel the absence of comforts to which you are not used; Y. ib. VII, 31ᵇ אין שועל עפר פרין מת (read: מת בעפר פֵּרִין; pl. of פֵּר). Bab. ib. 79ᵇ פ׳ של גפרית a sulphur quarry. ↗ expanded
פֵּירָא 1 , ditch, pit, cavity. Taan. 24ᵃ, v. כַּוְורָא. Kidd. 72ᵃ, v. קְפֵי. Erub. 26ᵃ פ׳ דבי תורי pit (dumping ground) where offal of dates is deposited on which cattle feeds; ib. 60ᵃ. B. Bath. 11ᵃ, v. סוּפְלֵי. Keth. 79ᵃ, v. next w.—Pl. פֵּירִי. Gitt. 60ᵇ קא יבשי פֵּירָין our ditches will dry out. ↗ expanded
פֵּירָא 2 = h. פֶּרִי, fruit, crop. B. Bath. 36ᵇ פ׳ רבא the large crop (of grain); פ׳ זוטא the small crop (of vegetables &c.). Succ. 31ᵇ לא גמר פ׳ the fruit (Ethrog) is not ripe. Ber. 39ᵃ פ׳ עדיף fruit (vegetable) has the preference (over meat, for the purposes of benediction); a. fr.—Trnsf. fruition, usufruct. Keth. 79ᵃ זרדתא … אמרי לה פ׳ some say the right of felling service-trees or fishing in a pond comes under the category of usufruct, opp. קרנא property (which the heir may sell). Ib.ᵇ פ׳ תקינו … פ׳ דפ׳ וכ׳ the Rabbis allowed the husband the usufruct (the births of the animals belonging to his wife), but not the fruition of the usufruct (e.g. the fine which the thief has to pay for stealing the calf). Ib. עיילא ליה גלימא פ׳ הוי וכ׳ if she brought in a cloak, he has the use of it, he may cover himself with it, until it is worn out; a. fr.—Pl. פֵּירֵי, פֵּירִין, פֵּר׳. Targ. Gen. I, 11, sq. Targ. Prov. VIII, 19 פִּרְיַי; a. fr.—Shebu. 48ᵃ פ׳ עבידי דמרקבי fruits are liable to rot; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פֵּירוּזפ׳ אנדרפטא name of a bird, v. אִנְדְרַפְטָא. Peruz, name of a (wicked) man. Ḥull. 62ᵇ ↗ expanded
פִּירוֹזָג (Pers. fayrûzah, Arab, fayruzaǵ, Fl. to Levy Targ. Dict. II, 574ᵇ) turquois. Targ. Cant. V, 14 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. פְּרוֹזָג). ↗ expanded
פֵּירוּי (פָּרָה) fruitfulness, plenty. Esth. R. end. ↗ expanded
פֵּירוּכָא c. (פְּרַךְ I) broken corn, grist(h. . Targ. O. Lev. II, 16 (ed. Berl. גירס׳); a. e.—Pl. פֵּירוּכִין, פֵּירוּכַיָּיא, פֵּ־רוּכָן. Targ. O. a. Y. ib. 14. Targ. Y. ib. 16 פֵּירוּכְיָיהּ (ed. Amst. פֵּירוּכַיָּיהּ; ed. Vien. פִּירוּכַיָּיא). ↗ expanded
פֵּירוּק (פָּרַק) taking apart (of the Tabernacle), breaking up. Num. R. s. 4 פֵּירוּקָן בשעת וכ׳ the taking apart on moving the articles of the Tabernacle took place in the same order as they were put up. Num. R. s. 12, v. עֲמִידָה; a. e.—Pl. פֵּירוּקִין, פֵּר׳. Ib. Y. Yoma I, 38ᵇ, sq.; a. e. ↗ expanded
פֵּירוּקָא (פְּרַק) solution of a problem, reply, argument, opp. קושיא. B. Kam. 117ᵃ האי קושיא … האי פ׳ והאי פ׳ such and such a problem and such and such a solution. Ab. Zar. 30ᵃ פ׳ לסכנתא (Rashi פֵּירוּקֵיpl.) you offer argument where danger to life is concerned? a. e.—Pl.פֵּירוּקֵי, פּר׳. B. Mets. 84ᵃ ומפריקנא ליה … פ׳ and I gave him twenty-four answers. Hor. 13ᵇ כתבי פ׳ ושדי they wrote down answers and cast them (into the schoolhouse); a. e. ↗ expanded
פֵּירוּר (פָּרַר) crumbling. Pes. 28ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) בעי פ׳ must be crumbled (before being thrown into the river). crumb.—Pl. פֵּירוּרִים, פֵּירוּרִין, פֵּר׳. Sabb. XXI, 3 (143ᵃ). Men. 75ᵇ (ref. to Lev. II, 6) יכול יעשינה פ׳ וכ׳ you might think, he must break it up into crumbs &c., v. פְּתִיתָה; a. fr.—Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXXIII לא … עד שיֵעָשֶׂה לפנינו פ׳ פ׳ (ed. Schechter שנעשה) we shall not cross the sea until it is broken into solid pieces before us; Tanḥ. B’shall. 10 ונעשו המים פר׳; Yalk. Ex. 233 ונעשה פ׳ פ׳ (with ref. to פוררת, Ps. LXXIV, 13).—3) = פַּרְפֶּרֶת, nibblings, desert, delicacies. Y. Ber. VI, end, 10ᵈ, v. פִּיתָּא. ↗ expanded
פֵּירוּשׁ (פָּרַשׁ) distinct expression, directness; explanation; commentary. B. Bath. 52ᵃ וכולן … יעשה כפֵירוּשָׁן ואם לאו יעשה פ׳ לפירושן and as to all of them (a woman, a slave, or a minor), if they declared before dying, ‘these things belong to—’, he (the trustee) may do according to their explicit declaration, or else (having reasons to distrust their statements) he must make a commentary to their statement (explain the motive they may have had for telling a falsehood). Ib. אי … עשה כפֵירוּשָׁה וכ׳ if you believe her to be trustworthy, do according to her explicit statement, if not, make a commentary &c. (find out the real state of affairs). Y. Gitt. V, end, 47ᶜ; Y. Shebi. V, end, 36ᵃ וסתמו לאו כפֵירוּשׁוֹ הוא is the silent lending of a untensil not equal to an explicit statement of the use to be made of it? Snh. 87ᵃ, v. עִיקָּר; a. fr.—בפ׳ (also in Chald. dict.) distinctly, explicitly, directly. Ḥull. 95ᵃ, a. fr. בפ׳ איתמר, v. כְּלָלָא. Snh. VII, 5 אמור מה ששמעת בפ׳ tell plainly now what thou hast heard (the blasphemer say, i.e. repeat without euphemistic disguise, v. כִּינּוּי). Pes. 13ᵃ בפ׳ אמרת לן you told us plainly. Sabb. 39ᵇ בפ׳ שמיע לך וכ׳ did you hear that tradition directly or only by implication?; a. fr.—[In commentaries and glosses: פירוש, abbrev. פי׳, this means.] ↗ expanded
פֵּירוּשׁ ² , ch. same. Targ. Y. Lev. XXVII, 2. Targ. O. Num. XXX, 7 (Y. פֵּירוּשֵׁי pl.; h. text מִבְטָא); ib. 9. Targ. Ps. XXXI, 3 (h. ארשת). Targ. Cant. V, 11. Targ. Esth. X, 2 (h. text פרשת).—Y. Gitt. V, end, 47ᶜ הא בפ׳ לא but if the purpose be explicitly stated, you must not lend it (v. preced.; Y. Shebi. V, end, 36ᵃ במפרש). Y. B. Bath. IV, beg. 14ᶜ כל הדין פ׳ הפרש וכ׳ (read אפרש) did R. Ḥ. … enter into such details (in explaining the Mishnah) to you? Ab. Zar. 4ᵃ ולא ידע … פ׳ דהאי פסוקא and he did not know how to explain that verse to us; a. e.—Pl. פֵּירוּשִׁין, constr. פֵּירוּשי, פֵּר׳, v. supra. ↗ expanded
פִּירְטָא (פְּרַט) detailed statement, inventory. Gitt. 57ᵇ שדא פירטא בביתיה וכ׳ Ar. (ed. שדר שטר פרטתא, Rashi פיר׳) he sent a document containing the inventory and disposal of his property to his house, and became a proselyte; v. פִּיטְרָא II; Snh. 96ᵇ שדר פּוּרְטִיתָא לביתיה. ↗ expanded
פִּירָטָא (πειρατής, pirata) pirate.—Pl. פִּירָטִין. Ex. R. s. 17, end ספינות של פ׳ (not טון …) pirate ships. Lev. R. s. 25 beg. [read:] מתיירא אני … ובים מפני הפ׳ I am afraid of robbers on the high-way, and on sea of the pirates; Yalk. ib. 615 וביום מפני אפרטין (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פִּירְכָא (פְּרַךְ I) refutation, objection. Gitt. 83ᵃ כולהו אית להו פ׳ … דלית ליה פ׳ to all of them objections may be raised, except the opinion of R. E. which is unobjectionable. Men. 66ᵃ חזי ליה פ׳ saw an objection to it. B. Bath. 130ᵇ כי אתא … וחזיתו ביה פ׳ if a legal decision of mine comes before you, and you see in it something objectionable; a. fr.—Pl. פִּירְכֵי, פִּרְ׳. Ḥull. 76ᵇ הדורי אפי׳; (Nidd. 65ᵇ אפירכא), v. הֲדַר. ↗ expanded
פִּירְכּוּס 1 (פִּרְכֵּס I) painting, dyeing the hair; trnsf. giving a fraudulent appearance, deception. B. Mets. 60ᵇ פ׳ דאדם מאי היא what is (in a legal sense) deception in selling a human being? (Answ. dyeing a slave’s hair). Y. ib. IV, end, 9ᵈ יש פירק׳ בכלים (not כאוכלין) giving a deceptive appearance to garments is forbidden Keth. 17ᵃ לא פ׳ there is no paint (deception), v. כּוֹחָל; Snh. 14ᵃ פירכס (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פִּירְכּוּס 2 (פִּרְכֵּס II) jerking motion, struggling, spasmodic movement, as a symptom of vitality. Ḥull. 38ᵃ הרי זה פ׳ these are symptoms of vitality (proving that the slaughtered animal was not on the point of dying a natural death). Ib. פ׳ שאמרו בתחלת שחיטה the symptoms of vitality of which they speak refer to the beginning of the slaughtering act. Ab. Zar. 16ᵃ חיה … בהמה דקה לפ׳ a large beast of chase is like a small domestic animal as regards the symptoms of vitality required at slaughtering; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּירְכּוּסָא —Pl. פִּירְכּוּסֵי, פִּרְ׳. B. Bath. 142ᵇ פרכס תלתא פ׳ it (the embryo in coming to light) made three spasmodic motions (and expired). ↗ expanded
פִּירְסוּמֵי (פַּרְסֵם) uncovering. Targ. Y. Lev. XVIII, 6. divulging, betraying. Targ. Y. Gen. XIX, 26 בפ׳ עניא (ed. Amst. בפִירְסוֹמִי, corr. acc.) by betraying the presence of a poor man in her house (v. Gen. R. s. 51).—פרסומי ניסא, v. פַּרְסֵם. ↗ expanded
פֵּירָעוֹן (פָּרַע) paying a debt, payment. Shebu. 41ᵇ (in Chald. dict.) פ׳ מעליא הוי it was a real payment of a debt (and not a mere deposit). M. Kat. 9ᵇ; Ab. Zar. 6ᵇ עכ"ום לענין פ׳ לעולם מיצר the gentile will always grieve over the payment of a debt (whereas the Jew is glad to have rid himself of an obligation). B. Mets. 13ᵇ, a. fr. חיישינן לפ׳ (in the case of a note of indebtedness being found) we apprehend that payment may have been made (and therefore it must not be returned to the creditor). Y. Keth. X, end, 34ᵃ אל יהא לך פ׳ אלא מזה you shall be paid only from this (only this portion of my property is pledged). Koh. R. to VII, 2 מדה שיש בה פ׳; מדת פ׳ an act of benevolence with which a divine reward is connected. Yalk. Ex. 180 קבל פ׳ מהקב"ה he received payment (was punished) at the hands of God; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּירְצָא (פְּרַ׳) break, gap, perforation.—Pl. פִּירְצֵי. Sabb. 108ᵃ כיון דאית ביה פ׳ פ׳ because it (the skin of the plucked bird) is full of holes.—[פִּירְצִין, v. פְּרִיצָא.] ↗ expanded
פִּירְקְתָא (פְּרַק) joint, esp. פִּירְקַת צַוְרָא, פִּירְקַת קְדַלneck. Targ. Y. a. O. Deut. XXXIII, 29 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. פְּרִיקֵי, פְּרִיקַת; h. text במותימו). Targ. Ps. LX, 10 ed. Lag. פו׳ (ed. Wil. פִּרְ׳; Regia פְּרִיקַת). Targ. Lam. V, 5 (Levita פרי׳). Targ. Y. Gen. XLV, 14 (ed. Vien. פרי׳). ↗ expanded
פִּירְשָׁא = h. פֶּרֶשׁ, secretion. Ḥull. 116ᵇ חלב … פ׳ בעלמא הוא the milk in the stomach of a suckling animal is considered a mere secretion (no longer real milk). Bekh. 7ᵇ פ׳ בעלמא הוא it is a mere secretion (a false membrane, no real skin); a. e.—Pl. פַּירְשַׁיָּיא, פִּרְ׳. Zeb. 85ᵃ ניקרבינהו בפִרְשַׁיְיהוּ shall the entrails be offered with the excrements in them? ↗ expanded
פִּירְשָׁעebony or box-wood. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. II, 19 (Kel. XII, 8 אשכרוע). ↗ expanded
פִּישּׁוּט (פָּשַׁט) spreading, stretching forth. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, end, 44ᵇ בתוך פ׳ ידים within reach of the hands; חוץ לפ׳ ידים beyond reach. Ib. כשם שנתנו פ׳ ידים לטהרות וכ׳ as proximity within reach of the hands is made a criterion for levitical uncleanness (Toh. VII, 2), so it is made for wine (suspected of having been touched by an idolater, v. נֶסֶךְ); a. e.—פ׳ ידים ודגלים prostration accompanied by stretching of hands and feet. Ber. 34ᵇ; Meg. 22ᵇ; Shebu. 16ᵇ, v. הִשְׁתַּחֲוָאָה; a. fr.—[Mekh. B’shall. beg. בפישוטן, read: בפְשׁוּטָה, v. פָּשׁוּט.] ↗ expanded
פִּישׁוֹן 1Pishon. Yeb. 107ᵇ פ׳ הגמל Pishon the camel-driver, v. כָּפַשׁ. ↗ expanded
פִּישׁוֹן 2 (b. h.) Pishon, name of a river., name of a river. Gen. R. s. 16 (ref. to Gen. II, 11) פׄישׄון שהוא מגדל פׄשׄתן ומימיו מהלכין בשׄופׄי its name was Pishon, because it raises flax (on its shores), and its waters run gently; Yalk. ib. 21. ↗ expanded
פישׁן , read: פ"י ש"יןPe’ Shin. Y. Maas. Sh. IV, 55ᵇ פ"י ש"ין שיני if a vessel is found inscribed Pé Shin, the contents are second tithes (פירקון שני), v. Tosef. ib. V, 1. ↗ expanded
פִּישְׁרָא (פְּשַׁר) solution, interpretation. Targ. Jud. VII, 15. Constr. פְּשַׁר. Targ. Koh. VIII, 1.—V. פּוּשְׁרָנָא. dissolved food, cud. Targ. Lev. XI, 3, sq. (h. text גרה); a. e. thawing snow.—Pl. פִּישְׁרֵי, פִּשְׁ׳. Targ. II Esth. III, 8, v. חַצְבָּא.—Kidd. 73ᵇ, v. פְּשׁוּרָא. ↗ expanded
פִּיתָּא = h. פַּת, piece, bread. Targ. O. Gen. XVIII, 5. Targ. Y. I ib. XL, 16; a. fr.—Ber. 40ᵇ בריך רחמנא מריה דהאי פ׳ blessed be the Merciful One, the owner of this bread. Y. Bets. I, 60ᶜ bot., v. אָרֶסְקִינָס. Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ top פ׳ תחות וכ׳ (you must not put) a piece of bread under the arm-pit (a superstitious practice); Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵃ bot. פותתא. Y. Ber. VI, end, 10ᵈ פ׳ ופירור when there is before you bread and some delicacy; a. fr.—Pl. פִּיתִּין, פִּתִּין. Targ. I Sam. X, 3 (h. text ככרות). ↗ expanded
פִּיתּוּחַ פָּתַח Pi.) incision, engraving, engraved design. Y. Nidd. III, 50ᵈ פ׳ ידים ורגלים וכ׳ it (the embryo) has no incisions indicating the outlines of hands and of feet. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 43ᵇ bot. הומר היא בפ׳ the law is stricter in the case of an engraving made on a tree (Asherah).—Pl. פִּיתּוּחִים, פִּיתּוּחִין, פִּתּ׳. Ib. העכיר את הפ׳ if he effaced the engraving. Ohol. XIV, 1 העטרות והפ׳ the wreaths and engravings (mouldings above the entrance); Tosef. ib. XIV, 10 הפִּתּוּיִין. ↗ expanded
פִּיתּוּחָא , engraving, moulding. Targ. Zeph. II, 14 פִּיתּוּחַ תרעיא (Levita פִּיחּוּחֵי pl.; h. text כפתר׳). ↗ expanded
פִּיתּוּי (פָּתָה) persuasion, enticing. Tanḥ. Sh’moth 19; Ex. R. s. 3 בפ׳ באתי אליך וכ׳ I came to thee with persuasiveness (making thee believe that thou didst hear thy father’s voice), that thou be not afraid, Ib. בתחלה פ׳ פיתיתי אותך וכ׳ at first I spoke persuasively to thee, now I will speak to thee words of truth (earnest admonition). Ib. אין פתי אלא לשון פ׳pethi (Prov. XIV, 15) has the meaning of ‘persuasion’ (one easily persuaded); a. fr.—Esp. enticing a virgin, claims of the seduced (Ex. XXII, 15). Keth. 35ᵇ אין לה לא קנס ולא פ׳ she has no claim either of fine (for outrage) or of indemnity for seduction. Ib. 36ᵃ; a. fr. dialect. for פִּיתּוּחַ (cmp. פּוֹתִי a. פּוֹתֵחַ) engraving, moulding.—Pl. פִּיתּוּיִין, פִּתּ׳. Tosef. Ohol. XIV, 10 (R. S. to Ohol. XIV, 1 פִּיתּוּחִין), v. פִּיתּוּחַ. ↗ expanded
פִּיתּוּלָא (פְּתַל) [twisting,] perverseness. Targ. Prov. VIII, 8. turn of events, vicissitudes. Yalk. Gen. 127 (play on נפתולי, Gen. XXX, 8) פִּיתּוּלֵיה לא דידי הוה וכ׳ were not his vicissitudes mine? did not Jacob come to Laban for my sake (I being predestined to become his wife)?; Gen. R. s. 71 פִּיתּוּלַיֵּיה לא דידי הויין (pl.). ↗ expanded
פִּיתוֹם 1Pithom, a storage city of Egypt. Sot. 11ᵃ ולמה נקרא שמה פ׳ שראשון ראשון פׄיׄ תׄהוׄםׄ בולעו why was Raameses named Pithom? Because the mouth of the deep swallowed every foundation as it was laid; Ex. R. s. 1. Mekh. B’shall. s. 1 (ref. to פי החירת, Ex. XIV, 2) לשעבר היתה נקראת פ׳ formerly its name was Pithom; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּיתוֹם 2 (פָּתָה, adapt. of πύθων) [seducer,] necromancer, conjurer, ventriloquist. Snh. VII, 7 בעל אוב זה פ׳ המדבר משחיו baʿal ob is the pithom that makes the dead speak from his armpit; Sifra E’dosh. Par. 3, ch. VII; ib. Par. 4, ch. XI; Tosef. Snh. X, 6 פ׳ המדבר בין פרקיו וכ׳ that talks between his joints and from between his armpits; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּיתּוּתָא (פְּתַת) bread to be broken. Y. Dem. I, 22ᵃ יתיב אכיל נפל פ׳ מיניה sat down to a meal, and the bread fell out of his hand when he was about to break it. ↗ expanded
פִּיתֵּחַ (פָּתַח) open-eyed, seeing. Arakh. 17ᵇ; B. Bath. 128ᵃ, v. סָמָא. ↗ expanded
פִּיתָּק (פָּתַק; v. פִּיטֵּק) ball, stone, tablet, ballot; lot, decree. Tanḥ. B’haʿăl. 12 כל מי שהיה עולה בידו פ׳ כתוב וכ׳ he who drew a ballot on which ‘elder’ was written. Tanḥ. B’midb. 21 אם עלה בידו פ׳ כתוב וכ׳ if he drew a ballot on which ‘Levi’ was written, he knew that a Levite had redeemed him. Num. R. s. 4 [read:] מי אומר לך שאם היה שם פי׳ של לוי שלא וכ׳ who tells thee that I should not have drawn it, had there been a ballot inscribed ‘Levi’ in the box? Ib. פ׳ כתב וכ׳ (read כתוב) a ballot inscribed &c. Sot. 12ᵃ לא היו בפִיתְקָהּ של חוה they were not included in the decree pronounced on Eve (Gen. III, 16). Snh. 102ᵃ (ref. to I Kings XI, 29) יצא מפיתקה של ירושלים (Rashi מפִּתְקָהּ) he went out of the destiny of Jerusalem (i.e. was to have no share in the welfare of Jerusalem); a. fr.—Pl. פְּתָקִים, פְּתָקִין (Chald. form) פִּיתְקִין. Esth. R. to I, 2; v. דָּדָה. Gen. R. s. 91 לערב הביאו לו את הפ׳ in the evening they brought him the tablets (on which every traveller had written his name). Num. R. l. c. כתב על … פ׳ לוי לוי he (Moses) wrote on each of twenty-two thousand ballots, Levi &c. (v. פִּיטֵּק). Tanḥ. l. c. Snh. 17ᵃ טלו פִיתְקֵיכֶם draw your ballots; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּיתַק Targ. Job XIX, 23 (Ms. פיטקא; h. text ספר). Targ. II Esth. I, 8 כסא … שמיה פ׳ a large goblet … which was named Pithḳa (Decree, v. פּוּסְקָא).—Y. Sot. I, 17ᵇ bot. כתוב חד פיתק דתרין וכ׳ write out one edict (order) for two men whom I may take with me; Num. R. s. 9. Kidd. 73ᵇ תלי פ׳ if the infant wears a tablet (with an inscription). Y. Bicc. III, 65ᵈ אוף … הוי בפ׳ R. J. was likewise on the list (of those to be appointed). Hor. 13ᵇ הוו כתבי קושייתא בפ׳ וכ׳ (some ed. בפסקא) wrote out questions on a tablet and threw them into the school-house. Kidd. 70ᵃ, v. הַזְמָנָא; a. fr.—[Ḥull. 31ᵃ דכולה פתקא, v. פִּקְתָא.]—Pl. פִּיתְקִין, פִּתְ׳. Gen. R. s. 91 והוה … ומקבל פ׳ and Manasseh stood there (at the gates) receiving the tablets (with the names of the arrivals, v. preced.). ↗ expanded
פִּיתְּתָא (פְּתַת) piece (of bread). Targ. Prov. XXVIII, 21.—Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵃ bot., v. פִּיתָּא. ↗ expanded
פַּךְflask, jar with a narrow neck, v. טָפִי. Y. Hor. III, 47ᶜ bot. נמשחו מן הפך were anointed out of a flask, opp. קרן; Meg. 14ᵃ. Ib. (ref. to I Sam. II, 1) רמה קרני ולא רמה פַּכִּי ‘my horn is high’, but not ‘my flask is high.’ Tosef. Succ. III, 10 כמין פי הפך as if coming forth through the mouth of a flask, v. פִּכְפֵּךְ. Neg. XII, 5 חסה התורה … ועל פַּכֹּו the Torah has regard … even for a man’s flask; Sifra M’teorʿa, Neg., ch. III, Par. 5. Gen. R. s. 69, end שופע … כמלא פי הפך the oil was poured down for him from heaven in large drops as if coming out of a flask; Yalk. ib. 120; a. fr.—Pl. פַּכִּים, פַּכִּין. Sabb. 84ᵇ פ׳ קטנים small flasks (into which you cannot dip your finger); B. Kam. 25ᵇ. Ḥull. 91ᵃ (ref. to Gen. XXXII, 25) נשתייר על פ׳ קטנים he remained behind for the sake of some small jars. Kel. II, 2; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פָּכוֹרָא (פְּכַר) breaker, destroyer. Gen. R. s. 67, beg. פ׳ תרעיא היך תרעך פכור וכ׳ thou, breaker of gates, how is thy gate broken into and ruined! ↗ expanded
פָּכַח (cmp. פָּכַךְ) [to break through,] to ooze out, evaporate. Pi. פִּכֵּחַto cause evaporation, to counteract the effect of. B. Bath. 10ᵃ יין קשה שינה מְפַכַּחְתֹּו, Ms. R. מפקחתו, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6) wine is strong (overpowering man), sleep makes it evaporate. ↗ expanded
פְּכַח Meg. 12ᵇ למחר פ׳ ליה חמריה Ms. M. (Ms. O. a. L. פקע; ed. פסיק; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; Ar. מפכח) by to-morrow his wine will have evaporated (his intoxication will be gone). Pa. מְפַּכְּחָא , v. בְּדִיחוּתָא. Taan. 13ᵇ; B. Mets. 66ᵇ לפַכּוּחֵי, v. פַּחְדָּא.—Part. pass. מְפַכַּח. Nidd. 20ᵇ ומִפְכַּח הוא דקמפכח ואזיל (Ar. פַּכּוּחֵי הוא דפכח ואזיל) it (the blood-stain in drying up) becomes constantly fainter. ↗ expanded
פַּכְחוּתָא (preced.) that which evaporates, fluid, opp. חרותא sediment. Nidd. 20ᵃ פ׳ דדיותא the fluid portion of the ink. ↗ expanded
פכי cmp. preced. wds.) to break through, penetrate.—Pi. פִּכָּה to ooze, drop. Yalk. Ez. 383 מי הבאר … ומְפַכִּין ונובעין וכ׳ well-water shall in future days rise from under the threshold of the Temple, and shall ooze and bubble and go forth in three parts; Pirké d’R. El. ch. LI ומפרין (corr. acc.). Tosef. Succ. III, 3, v. פִּכְפֵּךְ. ↗ expanded
פכי ² , Targ. Prov. VIII, 34 פַּכֵּי some ed., read: סִפִּי.—Ib. VII, 15 דמפכא, דמפכיא, read with ed. Lag. דמְסַכְּיָא, v. סְכֵי. ↗ expanded
פַּכְסְמִין (παξαμᾶς) biscuits. Num. R. s. 7. ↗ expanded
פַּכְסַסPakhsas. Y. Naz. VII, beg. 55ᵈ יוסי בן פ׳; Sifra Emor beg. יוסף בן פ׳. ↗ expanded
פִּכְפֵּךְ (v. פָּכַךְ) to ooze, drip. Tosef. Succ. III, 3 [read:] ר׳ אליעזר אומר והנה מים מפכים מלמד שמים מְפַכְפְּכִין ועולין כמין פי הפך וכ׳ R. El. … says, ‘And behold waters dripping’ (Ez. XLVII, 2), this intimates that in the days to come water oozing out and rising, as if coming out of a flask, will come forth from under the threshold &c., v. פָּכָה. Ib. 11 כך היתה הבאר … מְפַכְפֶּכֶת ועולה וכ׳ (Var. מפרפר) so the well that travelled with Israel in the desert, resembling a rock of the size of a k’barah (כְּבָרָה), bubbled forth and rose, travelling with them up mountains and down &c. ↗ expanded
פָּכַר , Pi.פִּיכֵּר (v. next w.) to split, break. Gen. R. s. 23 פָּכְרָה רוח … ופְכָרוֹ (or פִּכְּרָה, ופִכְּרוֹ) the wind split (knocked down) one tree, and it fell on its neighbor and knocked it down; (Yalk. ib. 39 פֵּרְכָה … ופֵירְכוֹ).—Part. pass. פָּכוּר, v. next w.↗ expanded
פְּכַר (cmp. פָּכָה) to insert, interlace, clasp. Sabb. 10ᵃ פ׳ ידיה ומצלי he clasped his hands (in reverence) and prayed; Yalk. Am. 542.—Part. pass. פְּכִיר; pl. פְּכִירִין. Targ. Esth. VIII, 15. to split, break open. Part. pass. פְּכִיר. Gen. R. s. 67 Ar. (ed. פָּכוּר h. form), v. פָּכוֹרָא. Pa. פַּכֵּרto split, break in, demolish. Targ. Y. I Gen. XLIX, 6 (ed. Vien. פָּכְרוּPe.). Targ. Y. Num. XXI, 35 (ed. Vien. פָּ׳); a. e.—Targ. Koh. III, 3 לפַכָּרָא ed. Lag. (Ar. a. Levita לפכורא, read: לפַכּוּרֵי; ed. לפרכא, לכפרא, corr. acc.; h. text לפרוץ).—Gen. R. s. 86 end פַּכְּרוּן (not פרכ׳), v. נִיבָא I. Lam. R. to V, 1 (transl. ערו, Ps. CXXXVII, 7 פַּכְּרוּ Ar. (ed. פגרו, v. פְּגַר I). to entangle, confound. Targ. Y. Lev. XXVI, 30 (ed. Vien. אַפְכַּרAf.). Ithpe. אִתְפְּכַרto be entangled, caught. Targ. Prov. V, 22 נִתְפְּכֵיר ed. Lag. (Ar. יִתְפְּכַר; some ed. נתּפכיך, corr. acc.; h. text יתמך). ↗ expanded
פֶּלֶאpreced.) strange thing, wonder, miracle. Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 8 (ref. to Ex. XV, 11) עשה עמנו פ׳ וכ׳ he has done wonders for us, and he will do &c.; a. e.—Pl. פְּלָאִים, פְּלָאִין, פְּלָאוֹת. Midr. Till. to Ps. CVI, beg. (ref. to Ps. CXXXVI, 4; 13; 25) מה הפרנסה … בלא ניסין ובלא פ׳ as the world cannot exist without sustenance (which the Lord provides), so it cannot exist without (daily) signs and wonders. Ib. ואינו יודע כמה פ׳ עשה וכ׳ ed. Bub. (ed. מה פלאי, corr. acc.) and man knows not how many miraculous salvations the Lord works for him. Gen. R. s. 20 (ref. to Ps. CXXXVI, 24 sq.) מה גאולה פ׳ אף פרנסה פ׳ as the redemption was miraculous, so man’s sustenance is miraculous. Ex. R. s. 12, end (expl. אפילת, Ex. IX, 32) פ׳ עשה הק"בה בהם the Lord showed wonders by them. Snh. 109ᵇ (play on פלת, Num. XVI, 1) שנעשו לו פ׳ wonderful things (delivery from destruction with Korah) happened to him (On); Num. R. s. 18; (Tanḥ. Kor. 10 נפלאות). Midr. Till. To Ps. CXIX, 18 פ׳ היא התורה the Law is full of strange (obscure) things. Ib. 129; a. fr.—[Yalk. Gen. 47 ומקרע בפלאות, read: בכִילָאוֹת, v. כִּילָה.] ↗ expanded
פֶּלֶא ² —Pl. פִּלְאִין, פְּלָאִין. Targ. Y. Ex. VIII, 18. Targ. Y. II ib. XV, 18. ↗ expanded
פֶּלִאי (b. h.) pr. n. Peli (unknown). Num. R. s. 10 (ref. to Jud. XIII, 18) שם שמו המלאך פ׳ וכ׳ there (on that occasion) his name was ‘the angel Peli’, corresponding to his mission, as he came to recommend a vow of abstinence (with ref. to יַפְלִא, Num. VI, 2). ↗ expanded
פִּלְאֲתָא (פלא) dark saying, allegory. Targ. Prov. I, 6 (h. text מליצה). ↗ expanded
פָּלַג (b. h.) to separate, split. Hif. הִפְלִיגto part, go away. Y. Ber. I, 2ᵈ bot. ומצאו שה׳ אף הוא ה׳ (not עוד) and finding that he (the friend that had knocked at the door) had withdrawn, he withdrew likewise.—Esp. to go to sea (cmp. פִּילָגוֹס). Erub. IV, 1 הִפְלִיגָה ספינתם בים their ship went out on the open sea. Sabb. 19ᵃ אין מַפְלִיגִין בספינה וכ׳ you must not start on a sea-voyage less than three days before the Sabbath; Num. R. s. 16, beg. אין מפליגין בספינה בים הגדול (contrad. to פָּרַשׁ along the sea coast). ה׳ ממלאכה (or sub. ממלאכה) to rest from work; to pause. Lev. R. s. 30 לכשיַפְלִיג, v. לָקַשׁ. Tosef. Ber. IV, 21 הִפְלִיגוּ צריכין וכ׳ (not צריך) when the laborers take a recess, they must say the benediction for what they have been eating while at work. Y. Yoma III, 40ᵇ bot. להפליג, v. הֶפְלֵג. to divert, put off; to discard. Bab. ib. 66ᵇ לא מפני שהִפְלִיגָן בדברים וכ׳ (he made an evasive reply) not because he desired to divert their minds with words (counterquestions), but because he never said anything that he had not heard from his teacher; Tosef. Yeb. III, 4; Succ. 27ᵇ. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 40ᶜ bot. אם שאלו … יַפְלִיגֶינּוּ כשם שה׳ וכ׳ if he asks him whither he is going, let him put him off (state a distant destination), as did Jacob to Esau; Tosef. Ab. Zar. III, 4 מַפְלִיגוֹ. Tosef. Gitt. VII (V), 8 כל תנאי שאי אפשר … לא נתכוון זה אלא להַפְלִיגָהּ whenever an impossibility is made the condition of a letter of divorce, he (the husband) has had only the intention to divert her mind; Y. B. Mets. VII, end, 11ᶜ (corr. acc.). Y. Ber. IX, end, 14ᵈ כיון שה׳ דעתו ממנה when he turns his attentions from her (makes her feel that he does not intend to marry her). Gen. R. s. 17 ראה … והִפְלִיגָהּ ממנו when he saw her full mucus and blood, he kept her away from him; a. fr. to reject, disregard, discard. Pesik. R. s. 31 היתה פושעת … ומַפְלֶגֶת את גזירותיו she was careless about his honor and disregarded his decrees. Ib. s. 3 [read:] כל זמן … הוא מַפְלִיג וכ׳ as long as his teacher is alive, he (the pupil) is careless, (saying) whenever it be needed, here is my teacher &c. Ab. IV, 3 אל תהי מפליג לכל דבר discard nothing (saying, this will never happen). Gen. R. s. 8 ה׳ דרכן של רשעים וכ׳ he removed the way of the wicked out of his sight (disregarded the evil doings of the future man); Midr. Till. to Ps. I ed. Bub. (oth. ed. פִּילֵּגPi.); a. e. to decline from the road. Gen. R. s. 48 אם אני רואה אותן שהִפְלִיגוּ את דרכם וכ׳ when I see that they wend their way hither &c.; וכיון שראה אותם שהפליגו and when he saw that they were declining; Yalk. ib. 82.—Trnsf. to be mistaken. Bekh. 43ᵇ bot. הִיפְלַגְתָּ thou art mistaken (Rashi: thou hast gone too far, v. infra); Sifra Emor, ch. II, Par. 3 הִפְלַגְתָּה.—Koh. R. to XI, 9 אל תַּפְלִיג עצמך בדברי תורה do not go thy own way in the interpretation of the Law (cling to tradition). ה׳ עצמו [to withdraw one’s self,] to be reserved, speak in indefinite and general terms, opp. פרסם עצמו to reveal one’s self, speak in definite terms. Midr. Sam. ch. XIV (ref. to I Sam. IX, 15, sq.) לשעבר לא אלא עד שלא הגיע הקץ הקב"ה מפליג עצמו … מפרסם עצמו did the Lord never before reveal anything to Samuel? But before the proper time has come, the Lord speaks reservedly, when the time has come, he reveals himself clearly (‘to-morrow’ &c.) to differ. Yalk. Jer. 320 מי שמפליג על דבריו של אל who opposes the words of God. Y. Pes. V, 32ᶜ bot. ומה מַפְלִיגִין and wherein do they differ?; a. e. to go too far. Y. Nidd. I, beg. 48ᵈ, v. פָּרַז. Bekh. 43ᵇ bot.; Sifra Emor l. c., v. supra.—Part. pass. מוּפְלָג a) removed; far. Sifra M’tsorʿa, Zab., Par. 5, ch. VIII מ׳ מנידתה some time after her menstruation, opp. סמוך; Nidd. 73ᵃ מ׳ לנדתה. Gen. R. s. 44, v. אחַר; a. e.—b) distinguished, special expert. Tosef. Ḥag. II, 9, v. מוּפְלָא.—Erub. 63ᵃ דמופלג, v. next w.Pi. פִּלֵּגto remove, disregard. Midr. Till. to Ps. I, v. supra. Hithpa. הִתְפַּלֵּגto be divided, go apart. Gen. R. s. 15 וכל מימי בראשית מִתְפַּלְּגִין מתחתיו and all the waters of creation started from under it; Midr. Till. to Ps. I; Y. Ber. I, 2ᶜ bot., v. פִּילּוּג. ↗ expanded
פְּלַג 1to divide, share. Targ. Ex. XXI, 35 (O. ed. Vien. יְפַלְּג׳Pa.). Targ. Prov. XXIX, 24. Ib. 23 (h. text יתמך); a. fr.—Part. pass.פְּלִיג; f. פְּלִיגָא; pl. פְּלִיגִין, פְּלִיגֵי; פְּלִיגָןa) divided (at heart), undecided. Targ. Hos. XI, 7. Targ. I Kings XVIII, 37. Ib. 21; a. e.—[Targ. Ps. XLIV, 19, v. infra.]—b) (with על) differing in opinion. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XLIX, 1.—B. Mets. 5ᵃ, a. fr. תנא הוא ופ׳ he is a Tannai, and (as such) he differs (from the Mishnah). Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵃ top, a. fr. מתניתא פ׳ על וכ׳ the Boraitha differs from Rab. Ḥull. 92ᵇ הא מִפְלֵיג פליגי ביה are there not differing opinions about it? Ber. 23ᵇ ופליגא דר׳ חייא and R. Ḥia’s opinion differs (from what has just been said). Ib. 33ᵇ מכלל דפליגי this implies that scholars differ about it; ולא פ׳ and do they not differ?; a. v. fr.—c) distinguished, rare, v. infra. Pa. פַּלֵּגto divide; to distribute, assign a share. Targ. O. Ex. XXI, 35, v. supra. Targ. O. Gen. XV, 10. Targ. Ps. XLIV, 19 (not פְּלִיג), v. זְהַהּ. Targ. Job XXXIX, 17. Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 14. Ib. 13 Ms. (ed. מַפְלְגָאAf.). Targ. I Chr. XXVI, 5; a. fr.—B. Bath. 119ᵇ דפ׳ ליה רביה יקרא when his teacher did him honor. Y. Shek. II, end, 47ᵃ מה את פַּלֵּיג ליה וכ׳ why wilt thou do him (the idol) honor?; Y. Ber. II, 4ᵇ איתפליג (corr. acc.). Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ bot. כד מְפַלֵּג when he divides (the flax stalks). Lev. R. s. 3, beg. ומְפַלְּגָא לבישיא, v. גּוּף I ch.; Koh. R. to IV, 6; a. e.—[Y. Kidd. IV, 65ᶜ top פלגין, v. פְּלַג II.] to divert the mind. Targ. Y. Deut. IV, 19. Ib. XXII, 1. to speak differently from what one thinks, flatter. Targ. Prov. XXVIII, 23 Ms. (ed. Af.). Af. אַפְלֵגto separate. Targ. Y. Gen. XLIX, 7; a. e. to divert. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XLV, 26 וְאַ׳ ליביה (Y. I יפַּלֵּיג, ed. Vien. ופְלֵיג) he turned his mind off it (gave up hope, would not believe; h. text ויפג). Targ. Prov. XIV, 30 דמַפְלִיג חמתא וכ׳ who diverts the anger of his heart; a. e. Ithpa. אִתְפַּלֵּג,Ithpe. אִתְפְּלֵג, אִיפְּלִיג, , אִפְּ׳to be divided, dispersed. Targ. Num. XXVI, 53; 55. Targ. Gen. XIV, 15; a. fr.—B. Bath. 121ᵇ א"י לשבטים נתחלקה או דילמא קרקף גברא אִיפַּלְּגָא Ms. M. was the land of Israel divided according to tribes (in equal shares for each tribe), or according to the number of heads?; ed. א"י לשבטים אִיפְּלוּג … איפלוג (sub. נחלות) were the shares of the land of Israel divided &c.? to be different from the rest, rare, distinguished. Ib. 120ᵃ דמִפְּלִיג בחכמה (Ms. R. דפליג) of rare wisdom, דמפ׳ בזקנה extremely old. Gitt. 28ᵃ כיון דאיפ׳ אפ׳ having reached a rare old age, he may as well be presumed to be more distinguished (and be still alive). Erub. 63ᵃ שאני … דמִיפְּלַג (Ar. a. Ms. O. דמוּפְלָג h. form) it is different with R. …, for he was very distinguished (for age and learning); a. e. (cmp. גזר) to be decreed. Targ. Y. Gen. XIV, 7 (v. פִּילּוּגָא). to secede; to differ. Targ. O. Num. XVI, 1 (h. text ויקח). Targ. II Kings XVII, 21; a. fr.—Y. Taan. IV, 67ᵈ top ואפי׳ עלה לא הוה צריך מִתְפַּלְּגָה even about this it was unnecessary to assume a difference of opinion. Gen. R. s. 21 אִיתְפַּלְּגוּן ר׳ וכ׳ R. A. and R. H. differ (in their interpretations). Ber. 22ᵇ bot. בהא קמִיפַּלְּגֵי (popular pronunciation קמִיפְלְגֵי) on this principle their difference rests. Ib. 23ᵃ; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
פֶּלֶגpreced.) part, share. Tanḥ. Mishp. 7 (ref. to Prov. XXVIII, 23) כל המוכיח … זוכה לפ׳ של הקב"ה he who reproves his neighbor for the sake of heaven, will be granted a share of divine grace; (Tam. 28ᵃ לחלקו).—Pl. פְּלַגּוֹת. Gitt. 89ᵇ (borrowing the phrase from Jud. V, 16) עדיין לא הגיע לפ׳ ראובן he (that minor, although physically developed beyond his age) has not yet obtained ‘the parts of Reuben’ (mental maturity, and none will consider him an adult). ↗ expanded
פְּלַג 2part, half. Targ. O. Gen. XV, 10 (ed. Berl. פַּלַג; ed. Vien. פִּלּוּג). Targ. Ex. XXV, 10 (Y. also פּוּלְגָּא); a. fr.—[Targ. I Chr. XVI, 3, v. פְּלוּג.]—B. Bath. 62ᵇ פ׳ דאית לי בארעא פ׳ if the deed reads, ‘the half share which is mine in that field’, he has sold half the field (his entire share); פ׳ בארעא דאית לי ריבעא but if it reads, ‘half of that field which is mine’, he has sold him one fourth of the field (or half his share). Ib. מצר ארעא דמינה פ׳ פ׳ (Ms. M. פְּלִיגָא) if he writes, ‘these are the borders of the field of which I sell a portion’, it means half, contrad. to פְּסִיקָא; ib. 63ᵃ. Sabb. 89ᵇ דל תרתי סרי ופ׳ וכ׳ deduct (from the years of life) twelve years and a half for prayer, eating &c. Ib. פ׳ עלי ופ׳ עלך let me bear the failings of half the remaining years, and bear thou the other half. Pes. 79ᵇ פ׳ ופ׳ equal numbers on both sides. Y. Kidd. IV, 65ᶜ top דבהתין פַּלְגּוֹן מן פלגון (not מן פלג) one half of them is afraid of the other half of them; Num. R. s. 8 פלגין מן פלגין (corr. acc.); a. v. fr.—Pl. פַּלְגַּיָּא, פַּלְגֵּי. Targ. O. Gen. XV, 10. Ib. 17 (h. text הגזרים). Ib. 11 ed. Berl. (v. פִּגְרָא); a. e.—Yoma 83ᵇ, v. פְּלוּג. רוח פלגא the demon Palga, a disease (paralysis?). Pes. 111ᵃ ↗ expanded
פַּלְגָּאָה (פְּלַג I) disputer, controversialist. Erub. 61ᵇ פ׳ thou disputer (Mar Judah)! Kidd. 58ᵃ פַּלָּגָא איקמיינכי that disputer (Mar Judah) has put you up to it. Gitt. 31ᵇ מקמי פ׳ ניקום shall we rise for that querulous man (G’nibah)? ↗ expanded
פַּלְגּוּ (preced. wds.) half; middle. Targ. Lev. VI, 13. Targ. O. Ex. XI, 4; a. fr.—B. Kam. 15ᵃ, a. e. פלגו נזקא Ms. H. a. Ar. (Ms. M. פַּלְגִּי; ed. פלגא) indemnity amounting to half the damage. Y. Keth. VII, 31ᶜ פַּלְגּוּת פרן (פַּלְגִּית) half the dowry. Y. Pes. V, 32ᶜ bot. בפלגות פומך with half thy mouth, i.e. thou art not the original author of that opinion; a. e.—Snh. 98ᵇ פלגו קיסר (פלגי) Vice-Caesar, governordivision(h. .—Pl. פַּלְגְּיָון, פַּלְגְּוָואתָא. Targ. Zech. XI, 7 (ed. Lag. פּוּלְגְּוָון). Targ. I Chr. XXVI, 1; 12 פלגווא׳ ed. Wil. (oth. ed. פַּלְגּוּתָא, פַּלְגּוּת, read: פַּלְגְּוָתָא, פַּלְגְּוַת); a. e.—Y. Erub. IX, beg. 25ᶜ ארבע פלגוון four divisions (of opinions). division of heart, half-heartedness. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXII, 14. contest. Targ. II Sam. XXII, 44 ed. Wil., v. פְּלוּגְתָּא I. ↗ expanded
פלגוגון , a corrupt. for פַּדְגּוֹגוֹן m. (παιδαγωγῶν) teaching, training. Y’lamd. to Deut. V, 6 sq., quot. in Ar. אלפיים שנה היה הקב"ה פ׳ בה וכ׳ two thousand years (two days of the Lord’s, before the creation of the world) the Lord used her (the Torah) as a pedagogue (disciplining the forces of Nature, with ref. to יום יום, Prov. VIII, 30); cmp. Gen. R. s. 1, beg. ↗ expanded
פַּלְגִּיסָא (Pales of פְּלַג; cmp. אִסְפְּרִיסָא) [that which is to be split,] target for projectiles (cmp. קורת חצים Lam. R. to III, 12). Targ. I Sam. XX, 20. Targ. Job XVI, 12 (ed. Lag. פְּלַגְסָא). Targ. Lam. III, 12 (ed. Lag. a. oth. פלגליסא). ↗ expanded
פַּלְגְּס (πάλλαξ, πάλληξ, prob. of Semitic origin; cmp. פַּלְגִּיסָא, a. פִּלֶּגֶשׁ) a youth in the intermediate stage between boyhood and maturity; trnsf. a sheep beyond the age of כֶּבֶשׂ and below that ofאַיִל (v. ניּקָּד). Par. I, 3 רבי טרפין קורהו פ׳ R. T. named such a sheep of thirteen months a pallax. Ḥull. 23ᵃ. Tosef. ib. I, 14 הפ׳ בזה ובזה פסול the pallax is unfit for sacrifice either as כבש or as איל.—Pl. ch. פַּלְגִּיסִין. Targ. Ps. XXXVII, 20 (h. text כרים). ↗ expanded
פִּלֶּגֶשׁ , v. Delitzsch Genesis4 360) concubine. Y. Keth. V, 29ᵈ top אשה יש לה כתובה פ׳ אין וכ׳ the wife has a marriage contract securing a settlement for her (כְּתוּבָּה), the concubine has none; (oth. opin.) אשה יש לה כתובה ותנאי כתובה פ׳ וכ׳ the wife has a marriage contract containing besides the settlement all conditions of a marriage contract (alimentation &c.), the concubine has the contract but without the conditions; a. fr.—פ׳ בגבעה, v. גִּבְעָה.—Pl. פִּלַּגְשִׁים, פִּילַ׳. Snh. 21ᵃ. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Cant. VI, 8) שמונים … ונקראו פ׳ שהפ׳ חשודות there are eighty families (of nations) that know their mothers but not their fathers, and they are called ‘concubines’, for the concubines are suspected (of faithlessness). ↗ expanded
פְּלוּג (פְּלַג) a portion (of meat). Targ. II Sam. VI, 19; Targ. I Chr. XVI, 3 (ed. Lag. פלג; h. text אשפר).—Pl. פְּלוּגֵי. Meg. 7ᵇ אכלי בהו שתין פ׳ I ate sixty portions of them. Yoma 83ᵇ אהדרוהו פ׳ וצעי Ms. M. 2 a. Ar. (Ms. M. 1 פְּלָאגֵי) they placed fine portions and dishes around him (v., however, לוּגָּא). ↗ expanded
פְּלוֹגֶת (פָּלַג) division, dispute. Cant. R. to VIII, 13 פ׳ דברים verbal disputes. ↗ expanded
פְּלוּגְתָּא = הַפְלָגָהseparation (of races). (of races). Targ. Y. Gen. X, 11. (priestly) division.—Pl. פְּלוּגְוָותָא, פְּלוּגְוָתָא. Targ. II Chr. XXIII, 8. Ib. VIII, 14. Ib. XXXV, 4, sq.; a. e. contest, dissension. Targ. Ps. XVIII, 44 פ׳ דעממיא Ms. (ed. פְּלוּגַת ע׳ constr.; ed. Wil. פְּלֻגַת; h. text ריבי); Targ. II Sam. XXII, 44 (ed. Wil. פַּלְגוּת). Targ. Is. XXII, 9. Targ. Deut. XVII, 8; a. e.—Tanḥ. Kor. 10 מה ליך בהדי פ׳ (not בהדין) what hast thou to do with that contest (between Moses and Korah)?; Num. R. s. 18 (ed. Wil. בהדי פְּלוּגְתֵּיה with his (Korah’s) quarrel).—Esp. difference of opinion, scholarly contest. Yoma 4ᵇ … במאי קא מיפלגי בפ׳ דהני תנאי וכ׳ what is the basis of the difference …? The principle on which those Tannaim differ &c. Sabb. 15ᵃ היכא דליכא פ׳ דרבוותא בהדייהו on a subject on which no conflicting opinions of great teachers besides them (Hillel and Shammai) are on record; a. v. fr.—Pl. as ab. Y. Pes. III, 30ᵃ bot. אתיין אילין פ׳ כאילין פ׳ וכ׳ (not פלוגתא) the differences in this case are based on the same principles as the differences in the following case &c.; Y. Taan. IV, 67ᵈ top; Y. Ned. V, 39ᵇ top; a. e.—V. תַּפְלוּגְתָּא. ↗ expanded
פְּלוּגְתָּא 2P’lugta, near Tiberias. Num. R. s. 9 כגון הדה בית מעון שיורדים לה מפ׳ וכ׳ like Beth-Maʿon to which they go down when coming from P., and up from Tiberias; (Gen. R. s. 85 כפר שובתי; Y. Sot. I, 17ᵃ bot. פלטתה). Lev. R. s. 5 (ref. to Am. VI, 6) they got their wine מפׄלׄוגׄתׄא שעל יינם נתפׄתׄו וגׄלׄו וכ׳ from P., for on account of their wine the ten tribes were led astray, and had to go into exile (v. פְּתוּגְתָּא); Num. R. s. 10; Yalk. Am. 545. Sabb. 147ᵇ חמרא דפרוגייתא (דפרוגיתא). ↗ expanded
פלווטין , Tosef. Yoma I, 1 ed. Zuck. (Var. בלווטין), read: בּוּלֶוְוטִין. ↗ expanded
פְּלוּלִינַיָּא (פלל, cmp. פלפלא; cmp. Syr. פלילתא fœnum græcum, P. Sm. 3130) a preserve or sauce of fenugrec, containing an admixture of fermenting matter. Y. Pes. III, 30ᵃ ↗ expanded
*פְּלוּמָא (pluma) down, down-pillow. Cant. R. to I, 17 אבנים … כמטה וכפ׳ the stones on which Jacob slept, became under him as (soft as) a bed and as a pillow; [Gen. R. s. 68 וכפרנוס, some ed. וכפירנס; Yalk. ib. 119 וכפורנס, corr. acc., or read: וכטוֹרוּס.] ↗ expanded
פְּלוֹמוֹפִּילוֹן (corrupt. of primipilum, v. Perl. Beitr., p. 11) the office of the chief Centurio of the troop called Triarii, primipilate. Sifré Num. 131 לקיטרון … שימש פ׳ שלו וכ׳ like a Centurio who had served his term but failed to enter his primipilate (to which he would have been promoted in due time), but fled &c.; Yalk. Lev. 631 פולימרכוס (corr. acc.); Yalk. Ex. 178 פלומי פילון (corr. acc). ↗ expanded
פְּלוּמַטְרִין (privatarium) (private) money chest, jewelry box. Pesik. R. s. 10 למלך שהיו לו תסבריות … פ׳ אחד של זהב קטן וכ׳ like a king who had many (public) treasures and cared not to count them, but he had one small private chest filled with gold &c. Y. Bets. I, 60ᶜ bot. ומפתחא דפלמנטרין בידיה with the key of his money chest in his hand. Y. Taan. II, 65ᵈ מפתח של פלמנטרין קטנה (En Yaʿăḳob פלטרים, פלטרין) a small key of a jewelry box. Ex. R. s. 20, beg. דיפלומטר, הד׳, read: הפלומטר. ↗ expanded
פְּלוּמַקְיָא (plumacia) down-pillows. Midr. Till. to Ps. III ed. Bub. (expl. משכב, II Sam. XVII, 28) [read:] אלו פ׳ ומצעות (not פלוקמיא, v. Bub. note a. l.) that means down-pillows and mattresses; (ed. כרים וכסתות); Yalk. Sam. 151 פולוסיקא (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פְּלוֹנִיa specified person or thing, such and such, name ‘blank’ (abbrev. פלו׳). Gitt. VI, 3 במקים פ׳ in such and such a place. Y. ib. VIII, end, 49ᵈ (in a document) אני פ׳ בן פ׳ I—, son of—. Kidd. 65ᵃ קידשתיך בפני פ׳ ופ׳ והלכו וכ׳ I betrothed thee unto me in the presence of—and—, and they have left &c. Tosef. Yeb. III, 4 ופ׳ מהו לעה"ב and will such and such a man have a share in the hereafter?; דומה שלא שאלתם אלא על פ׳ it seems to me that you inquired about such and such (naming some one else); Yoma 66ᵇ; a. fr.—Koh. R. to I, 8, v. יֵשׁוּ.—Fem. פְּלוֹנִית, פְּלֹנִית. Kidd. III, 1 צא וקדש לי אשה פ׳ go and betroth for me that certain woman. Y. Sot. VI, 21ᵃ top פ׳ כהנת וכ׳ such and such is a priest’s daughter, and she has prostituted herself &c.; a. fr.—Ch. פְּלַן. ↗ expanded
פְּלוֹסְלוֹס 2P’loslos. Ab. Zar. III, 4 בן פ׳ Y. ed. a. Mish. Nap. (Mish. ed. פילוספוס, Bab. ed. 44ᵇ פלוספיס; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 40); Yalk. Deut. 888 פליספ׳. ↗ expanded
פָּלַח (b. h.) to split; to dig, till; to cut out. Ex. R. s. 27 על מנת לפוֹלְחָהּ will you take this field with the condition that you will till it?; a. e.—2) to work for, serve, v. פּוֹלֵחַ.—3) to worship. Tosef. Ab. Zar. I, 4 אינו אסור אלא לפוֹלְחִין בלבד it is forbidden to deal with those only who worship (on the Calendæ), contrad. to עושין who observe it as a holiday; (Ab. Zar. 8ᵃ לעובריה; Y. ib. I, 39ᶜ top לפלחין בה, Chald.). ↗ expanded
פְּלַחto till, work. Targ. Ex. XX, 9 (Y. ed. Vien. Pa.). Targ. Prov. X, 5 (h. text אגר). Targ. Gen. IV, 12; a. fr.—3) to serve (man or deity); to worship. Ib. XIV, 4. Ib. XVII, 1 (h. text התהלך); a. fr.—Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ top לפָלְחִין בה, v. preced. Ib. נשי דפלחין כפלחין the wives of those who worship (on the Roman festivals) are to be treated like those who worship. Ib. כפלחין היא (not כפלחון), v. שָׁמְרַיִין. Bab. Ab. Zar. 11ᵃ פָּלְחֵי בה לע"א they worship the idol on it (the anniversary of death). Ib. 22ᵇ אם איתא דפַלְחֵיה וכ׳ if he had worshipped it, he would not sell it. Snh. 102ᵇ מ"כ פַּלְחִיתוּ לע"א why do you worship idols? Gitt. 57ᵇ פְּלַח לע"א worship (bow down) to &c.!; a. fr.—4) פ׳ ב־ [to work with,] to compel to serve or work, to subject. Targ. Lev. XXV, 39. Targ. O. ib. 43. Targ. O. Gen. XV, 14; a. fr.—5) to split, distribute. Ab. Zar. 18ᵃ bot. פלגא פְלַח ופלגא וכ׳ one half distribute (as bribe), and one half be thine. Pa. פַּלַּחsame, to dig, till, work. Targ. Y. Ex. XX, 9 (v. supra). Targ. Ps. CXLI, 7. Targ. Is. XXXII, 17; a. e. Af. אַפְלַחto make work, to subject, rule. Targ. O. Ex. I, 13. Targ. I Kings V, 4; a. fr. Ithpa. אִתְפַּלַּח,Ithpe. אִתְפְּלַחto be worked, tilled; (with ב) to be worked with. Targ. Deut. XXI, 3. Targ. O. ib. 4. Targ. Ez. XXXVI, 9; a. e. to break through, be born. Targ. Job XXXIX, 3. ↗ expanded
פֶּלַח c. (b. h.; preced. wds.) segment, slice; (sub. רכב) millstone. Yalk. Num. 787 הכהו בגוש … או בפ׳ של דבילה if he killed a man with a lump of salt or a slice of a fig-cake.—Pl. פְּלָחוֹת, constr. פִּלְחֵי. Dem. V, 5 פ׳ דבלה slices of &c. Yalk. l. c. שיכו אותו … ובפ׳ that they may kill him (the murderer) with stones, arrows or millstones.—V. פֶּלֶךְ. ↗ expanded
פִּלְחָאmillstone. Targ. Job XLI, 16.—Y. M. Kat. I, 80ᵈ bot. אית לן פ׳ דמועדא have we a special millstone for the festive week (dare we grind during the festive week)? slice, portion. Y. Taan. I, 64ᶜ top דלא הוה גביי אלא פִלְחִי וכ׳ I had with me only my own portion (luncheon); why should I have spoken to you (invited you to eat) with insincerity? Lev. R. s. 12 (vers. in Ar.) אם שתי פִּלְחֵיה חמר when he drinks his regular portion of wine; יתר מן פלחיה more than his wonted quantity. ↗ expanded
פָּלְחָא (preced. wds.) worker; servant; worshipper.—Pl. פָּלְחִין, פָּלְחִי, פּ׳. Targ. Is. XIX, 9. Targ. Ps. XLIX, 15 פ׳ אוריתא workers (students) of the Law (Ms. פלחן בהון).—Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ top, v. פְּלַח. ↗ expanded
פָּלַט (b. h.) [to break through,] to discharge, vomit, give out. Y. B. Kam. I, 2ᵇ top [read:] היתה מהלכת ופוֹלֶטֶת על עשבים if the animal walked and discharged on plants. Ter. X, 11; Ḥull. 110ᵇ, v. בָּלַע. Ber. III, 6 שפָּלְטָה שכבת וכ׳ who discharged the (conceived) semen virile. Pes. 118ᵇ פְּלוֹט אותן ליבשה throw their bodies out on the dry land; a. fr. to escape, be spared. Nidd. 61ᵃ (ref. to הפליט, Gen. XIV, 13) זה עוג שפ׳ מדור וכ׳ that was Og who escaped the fate of the generation of the flood. Num. R. s. 9 לא פָלְטוּ did not escape (punishment); a. fr.—V. פָּלֵט.—3) to save. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXVII ופְלָטוֹ הק"בה מידו and the Lord saved him from his (Samael’s) power. Snh. 19ᵇ (ref. to פלטיאל, II Sam. III, 15) שפלטו אל מן וכ׳ for God saved him from sin; a. e. to tear off, detach. Ḥull. 121ᵃ בשר שפְּלָטַתּוּ סכין flesh which the knife has taken off, i.e. which came off in flaying, v. מוּרְדְּקָא; ib. מקצתו פלטתו חיה an animal tore one portion of the flesh off; ib. 124ᵃ; a. e. Nif. נִפְלָט,Hithpa. הִתְפַּלֵּטto be saved. Tanḥ. Sh’moth 17 ויִתְפַּלֵּט ממנו וכ׳ and Noah and his children shall be saved from it (the flood). ↗ expanded
פְּלַטto discharge, vomit. Targ. Jon. II, 11. Targ. Job XX, 15 Ms. (ed. Pa.); a. e.—Ned. 49ᵇ; Tam. 27ᵇ כל מילי לא תִיפְלוֹט וכ׳ thou must not spit out anything in the presence of thy teacher (thou must suppress vomiting), except &c. Ḥull. 112ᵇ אגב דוחקא דסכינא פָּלֵיט through the pressure of the knife it (the flesh) gives out (blood). Ib. קדמי ופלטי are the first to give out (their serum); בתר … פְּלִיטֵי עופות וכ׳ after the fish cease to discharge, the fowl (lying in salt with them) discharge, and they (the fish) absorb; a. fr. to escape. Targ. Prov. XII, 13; a. e.—Yeb. 114ᵇ הוא פליט is it likely that he will escape? Keth. 112ᵃ פַּלְטִי לי מחדא I have escaped one (evil destiny). Y. Ber. III, 6ᵃ חדא מתרתי לא פַלְטַת לכון one of two (mistakes) did not fail you, i.e. of the two things you did, one must be wrong; a. e. to detach, take off. Targ. Job XIII, 4, v. מוּרְדְּקָא. Pa. פַּלֵּטsame, to give out, discharge. Ib. XX, 15, v. supra.—Y. Taan. I, 63ᵈ top (transl. וארץ רפאים תפיל, Is. XXVI, 19) וארעא תפקידה תְּפַלֵּט the earth shall give forth her trust (the dead); Y. Ber. V, 9ᵇ top; Yalk. Kings 207. ↗ expanded
פָּלֵט (preced.) escaping, spared. Hor. 8ᵃ ממונן פ׳ their property is spared (from destruction); Yeb. 9ᵃ. Tanḥ. Kor. 5 שכולן אובדין ואחד פ׳ that all will perish and one will escape; Num. R. s. 18; a. e.—Pl.פְּלֵטִים, פְּלֵטִין, פְּלֵי׳. Num. R. s. 19; Yalk. ib. 765, v. פָּרִיץ. Cant. R. to VII, 8. Snh. 108ᵃ שבחוצה לה פ׳ the property outside of the city is spared; a. e.—Fem. פְּלֵטָה, פְּלֵיטָה; pl. פְּלֵטוֹת, פְּלֵי׳. Tosef. Maasr. I, 6 שיבלים הפ׳ מן וכ׳ (Var. הפולטות) ears which escaped the storage. ↗ expanded
פַּלְטָאPalṭa. Y. Ter. X, 47ᵇ bot. לוי בר פ׳ (Lev. R. s. 23 פרטא). ↗ expanded
פַּלְטִי (b. h.) pr. n. m. Palti, Paltiel, to whom Michal the daughter of Saul was given as wife, but who, according to tradition, did not live with her because of her betrothal to David. Snh. 19ᵇ; v. פָּלַט; Lev. R. s. 23; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּלַטְיָא 2 (πλατεῖα, sub. ὁδός, platea) wide street, highway; open place (corresp. to h. רְחוֹב). Sabb. 6ᵃ המוציא מחנות לפ׳ he that carries an object from the shop to the street (or open place). Ib. פ׳ גדולה a large thoroughfare. Lam. R. to I, 1 וכל פ׳ ופ׳ עשרין (העיר) וכ׳ and each open place in Jerusalem had twenty-four alleys. Gen. R. s. 41, end (ref. to Is. LI, 23 וכחוץ) מה פ׳ זו מבלה וכ׳ as the highway wears out the passers-by, but itself remains, so shall thy children &c.; Yalk. Is. 337; Gen. R. s. 69 פלטירה (corr. acc.). Yalk. Sam. 161; Tanḥ. T’tsav 3 ed. Bub. רמז לכבשן ונעשה פ׳ the Lord motioned to the furnace (in a depression), and it became a level surface; Tanḥ. ib. פלניי׳ (corr. acc.; Yalk. Koh. 978 הציף … והשוהו לארץ וכ׳; v. Snh. 92ᵇ). Y. Sabb. I, 2ᵇ bot. פתוחין לפ׳ אחת (not לפלטית) opening to the same open place or street; a. fr.—[Cant. R. to I, 6 חוץ לפ׳, read: לפלטיר, v. פַּלְטֵר II.—Macc. 24ᵃ, v. פּוּטְיוֹלִין.]—Pl. פְּלַטְיוֹת, פְּלַטְיָאוֹת, פְּלַטְיי׳. Y. Sabb. l. c. פתוחים לשתי פ׳ opening each to a different street. Lam. R. l. c. Gen. R. s. 41; s. 69; Yalk. Is. l. c. מרביצין אותן בפלטריות וכ׳ (בפולטר׳, read י for ר) they laid them down (like paving stones) in the streets and passed rammers over them. Gen. R. s. 31; Yalk. ib. 53 פלטיאות aisles, v. supra. ↗ expanded
פְּלַטְיָא , constr. פְּלַטְיַית. Targ. Job XXIX, 7 Ms. (ed. פתאה). Targ. Y. Deut. XIII, 17 פּלְטִיתָא (read: פְּלַטְיָתָהּ); a. e.—Pl. פְּלַטְיָיתָא, פְּלַטְיָאתָא, פַּלְטִיוָן, פַּלְטִיוָתָא (incorr. פְּלַטְיוּת). Targ. Y. II, Gen. XIX, 2 פלטיות קרתא (h. text רחוב). Targ. I Chr. I, 48 (h. text רחובות). Targ. Ps. LV, 12 פַּלְטִיוָתָהּ ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. פלטיותא; Ms. פְּלַטְיָיהָא; h. text רְחֹבָהּ). Targ. Job XXX, 14 פְּלַטְיַית ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. פלטיות). Targ. Y. Gen. XLII, 6. Ib. X, 11 פְּלַטְיַאת קרתא (not פליט׳; Y. II פ׳ דקרתא, h. text רחבת עיר). Targ. Y. Num. XXII, 39 פלטיון קרתא (h. text קרית חצות); a. fr.—Y. Ber. III, 6ᵃ באילין פלטיותא וכ׳ in the streets of Sepphoris. ↗ expanded
פַּלָּטִין c. (palatium, παλάτιον) palace. [Targ. Lam. IV, 1, read with ed. Lag. פִּיטָלוֹן.] Targ. Y. II, Gen. XII, 15 (Ar. פַּלְטוֹרִין). Targ. II Esth. I, 9; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 12 לפ׳ גדולה וכ׳ like a large palace with many entrances. Y. Sabb. X, 12ᶜ אין גדולה בפ׳ של מלך in the king’s palace (the Temple) no rank is recognized (all are alike); a. v. fr.—Pl. same. Targ. Y. Gen. XLVII, 27.—V. פַּלְטֵרִין↗ expanded
פַּלָּטִינוֹס (palatinus, παλατῖνος) (sub. mons) the Palatine Hill, a name given to royal residences in general (v. Dio Cassius LIII, 16); esp. Palatinus, a name given by the Samaritans to Mount Gerizim. Gen. R. s. 32 עבר בהדין פלטאנוס (Var. ניס …, נים …; corr. acc.) passed that Palatinus (on his way to Jerusalem); ib. s. 81 פלטנוס (not ת …); Cant. R. to IV, 4 חד פלאטנוס (corr. acc.); Yalk. Gen. 57 פלטניס (corr. acc.); (Deut. R. s. 3 הר גריזים). courtier, palace-guard, nobleman.—Pl. פַּלָּטִינִין; (Lat. form) פַּלָּטִינִי, פַּלָּא׳. Num. R. s. 1 שבטו של לוי פ׳ היו the tribe of Levi was the palace-guard (royal body-guard in the Temple). Num. R. s. 5 אע"פ שהיתה משפחת קהת פ׳ וכ׳ although the Kehath family vere palatini, when carrying the Ark they carried it like slaves (on their shoulders, no rank being recognized before God, v. פַּלָּטִין). Ruth R. to I, 2 (expl. אפרתים, ib.) פלטייאני (corr. acc.); Midr. Sam. ch. I פלאטוני (corr. acc.); Lev. R. s. 2 (ref. to אפרים, Jer. XXXI, 19) פלטיאני (corr. acc.). Pirké d’R. El. ch. XLV (ref. to אפרת I Chr. II, 19) פלטיני בת מלכים וכ׳ (παλατίνη) a palatina, a daughter of nobles; ib. בן פלטוני בן מלכים וכ׳ (corr. acc.) a son of noblemen, a son of kings &c. Num. R. s. 13 בן פלוטומנין, פולוט׳; Pesik. R. s. 7 פולטומין (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פַּלְטֵר 2 (πωλητήρ, πωλητήριον) shop-keeper, esp. seller of bakers’ ware; shop, esp. bakery-shop. Ab. Zar. IV, 9 (55ᵇ) מוליכין עמו פת לפ׳ you may carry your own bread with his (the non-observant baker’s) to the shop-keeper. Dem. V, 4 הלוקח מן הפ׳ וכ׳ he who buys bread at the shop (which contains bread of different batches) must give tithes of each form separately, contrad. to מנפול. Y. Shek. VII, beg. 51ᵃ, a. e. לוקח מן הפ׳, v. סִידְקִי. Y. Shebi. VII, 37ᶜ top ובלבד שלא יעשה פליטר (not יעשו; R. S. to ib. VII, 3 פלטר) provided he is not made (their regular) shop-keeper (selling at the same place, at all times). Cant. R. to I, 6 שנמכרת חוץ לפ׳ (not לפלטיא), v. קַיבָר; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּלְטֵר Y. Sabb. VIII, 11ᵃ bot. ואנא סמיך על פ׳ (not לפ׳) but I have to rely (for my supply) on the shop-keeper; Y. Shek. VIII, beg. 51ᵃ לטלפירא (corr. acc.). Gen. R. s. 22 אזל ויתיב קמי פ׳ (the dog) sits down in front of the shop (or stand); ib. מרי פ׳ the shop-keeper; Yalk. Gen. 36; Yalk. Ps. 840; [Ar. reads פַּרְטֵירָא (πρατήριον) market]. Y. B. Kam. II, end, 3ᵃ פַּלְטֵירֵה the goods of his shop, v. פּוּרָה; a. e.—Pl. פַּלְטֵרִין, פַּלְטֵי׳goods for sale. Y. B. Mets. III, end, 9ᵇ בר נש דיהב לחבריה פליטורין בשוקא וכ׳ (corr. acc., or פוֹלִיטֵירִין) if a man put goods (on a stand) in the market in charge of his neighbor, and he left them in charge of his minor son or daughter, and they were stolen or lost, he is not bound to pay; שאני אומר לא על דעת פ׳ בשוק (a defective sentence, perhaps מסרן לו is to be supplied) for I may say, has he not given them as goods on exhibit in the market? (hence he was not bound to lock them up). ↗ expanded
פַּלְטֵרִין (πραιτώριον, prætorium) headquarters; palace, residence; country-seat. Snh. II, 3 (20ᵃ) אינו יוצא מפתח פ׳ שלו (Y. ed. פלטו׳, Ar. פלטין) must not leave his royal residence (to escort the dead). Num. R. s. 1 end אף … ועושה אותן בני פַלְטַירִי so I will bring them near me and make them sons of my palace (= פַּלָּטִינִי); [Yalk. Num. 695 פלטנטירין; Tanḥ. B’midb. 26 פלמנטרין, v. פַּלְמַנְטָר]. Num. R. s. 13 כשתכנס … לפ׳ שלך when thou enterest thy province and comest to thy headquarters. Ib. והיו בני המדינה עומדים על פתח פ׳ … יכנס המלך לפַלְטרוֹ (not לפלטר) the citizens stood at the entrance of the palace and cried, let the king enter his palace. Pirké d’R. El. ch. III שהוא רוצה לבנות פלטרים שלו (corr. פלטרין) who wishes to build his palace; a. fr.—Pl. פַּלְטֵירִין, פַּלְטוֹרִין. Esth. R. to I, 2 כל אחד ואחד היו לו שני פ׳ וכ׳ each had two residences, one for the summer &c.; a. e.—Fem. form: פַּלְטוֹרָה, פַּלְטֵירָה. Sifré Deut. 309 פלטו׳ אחת; Yalk. ib. 942 פלטי׳, v. infra.—Pl. פַּלְטוֹרִיּוֹת, פַּלְטֵירִיאוֹת. Ib. מי שהורישו אביו עשר פ׳ ועמד וקנה פלטורה אחת וכ׳ one to whom his father left ten country-seats, but he rose and bought one with his own money, and this he loved מכל פ׳ שהנחילו אביו (not רה …) more than all the residences that his father had left him. Sifré Deut. 353; Yalk. ib. 959. Koh. R. to VI, 3 שתי פַלְטֵרִיּוֹת, v. supra. Gen. R. s. 71 ירש אשר פ׳ מה וכ׳ (not ירש גבהי) Asher possessed more residences (abroad) than Judah possessed districts; Yalk. ib. 128 פלטיאות (corr. acc.).—[פלטריות Gen. R. s. 41, a. e., v. פְּלַטְיָא.] ↗ expanded
פְּלֵטָתָא = h. פְּלֵיטָה, escaped, remnants. Yalk. Jer. 265 לא מן פ׳ דעמא דסדום אתון are you not of the escaped of the people of Sodom?; Pesik. Shimʿu, p. 117ᵇ פלטאתא. ↗ expanded
*פָּלִי (πόλυ) much. Y. Shebu. III, 34ᵈ bot., v. בריכסון. ↗ expanded
פלי (b. h.) to split, separate; to remove; to search; v. פֶּלֶא, פְּלִיאָה.Nif. נִפְלָאto be remote, hidden, obscure. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIX, 18 א־נה נִפְלֵאת וכ׳ it (the Law) is not hidden, as it is said (Deut. XXX, 11) &c.; לא נִפְלֵאת אלא ממך וכ׳ it is hidden from thee only (through thy own fault), who didst not take pains to study it. V. נִפְלָא IIIHif. הִפְלִיא (cmp. פרֹש) to distinguish, speak distinctly, clearly; esp. (sub. נֶדֶר) to utter a distinct vow (with ref. to Num. VI, 2). Naz. 62ᵃ; Num. R. s. 10 יודע להַפְלוֹת, לַפְלוֹת (from פָּלָה) who knows how to express a vow (is conscious of its bearings); Sifré Num. 22. (denom. of פֶּלֶא) to do strange, wonderful things. Ber. 60ᵇ מַפְלִיא לעשות who does wonderful things.—[Tosef. Ab. Zar. III (IV), 19 מפליא ויצא ed. Zuck., missing in ed., a corrupt gloss for מפליא ליצנותא, v. לֵיצָנוּתָא.] to search, question. Midr. Till. to Ps. III ואין מי שיַפְלִיא אחריהן and none questions the correctness of their decision; Yalk. Sam. 151. to be too difficult to decide. Num. R. s. 21 וה׳ ממנו and he (Moses) could not decide it. Ib. שה׳ מן משה שיש צדיקים וכ׳ Moses was unable to decide, because many a righteous man prides himself …, and the Lord weakens his power (as a punishment).—Part. pass. מוּפְלָא q. v. Pi. פִּלֵּאto search, v. next w.↗ expanded
פלי ²to search; (euphem.) to search one’s garment for vermin. Sabb. 12ᵃ אין פּוֹלִין לאור הנר you must not search by lamp light (on the Sabbath); a. e. Pi. פִּילָּהsame. Ib. I, 3 לא יְפַלֶּה את כליו וכ׳ (Y. ed. יֲפַלֵּא) one must not examine one’s garments &c. Tosef. ib. XVI (XVII), 22 המְפַלֶּה (ed. Zuck. המְפַלֵּא); Y. ib. II, 3ᵇ המפלא; a. fr.—[Y. Maasr. II, 49ᵈ לפלה ed. Zyt. (ed. Krot. לפנע) read: לפנות, v. פָּנָה.] Hif. הִפְלָהto distinguish, speak distinctly, v. preced.to mystify, v. next w.↗ expanded
פְּלֵי (v. preced. wds.) to split, cut open. B. Bath. 160ᵇ; 164ᵇ פּלְיֵיה וחזייה he ripped open the tied-up document and saw it (that the signature was in the folds). Ḥull. 11ᵃ דילמא דפ׳ ליה וכ׳ may it not be that he (the priest) opened the skull and examined it? Yoma 87ᵃ הוה יתיב וקא פָלֵי רישא was sitting and chopping (an animal’s) head. Snh. 108ᵇ קא פָאלֵי וכ׳ was opening pomegranates; a. e. Pa. פַּלֵּיto search (garments). Y. M. Kat. III, 82ᵃ top מְפַלֵּא מאנוי searching his garments. to search after, glean; to remove. Targ. O. Deut. XXIV, 20 (h. text תפאר). Ib. XXVI, 13 (h. text בערתי). Targ. I Kings XVI, 3. Targ. Zeph. III, 15 (h. text פנה); a. fr.—[Targ. I Sam. II, 25, v. infra.] Af. אַפְלֵיto do strange, wonderful things; to go to the extreme of. Targ. Is. IX, 5 מַפְלֵי ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. מַפְלְיָא; oth. ed. מַפְלִיא Hebraism).—Ab. Zar. 44ᵃ מַפְלְיָא, v. לֵיצָנוּתָא. to decide, arbitrate. Targ. I Sam. II, 25 (Bxt. וִיפַלֵּי, Pa.; h. text פלל). (with ב; cmp. Is. XXIX, 14) to mystify, perplex, outwit, fool. Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד מאת׳ 8) חד … והוה מַפְלֵי … סגי an Athenian used to come to Jerusalem and outwit the Jerusalemites frequently. Ib. מכאן ולהבא לא תַפְלֵי וכ׳ henceforth thou shalt not again attempt to outwit &c. Gen. R. s. 42, v. מְרֵי. Gen. R. s. 91 למה אַפְלְיַית בי why didst thou mystify (deceive) me?; לא אַפְלְיִית בך I did not deceive thee; Koh. R. to VII, 11 אַפְלְיַת, אַפְלִית; Y. Naz. V, end, 54ᵇ אַפְלֵיתָה, אַפְלֵיתִי; Y. Ber. VII, 11ᵇ bot.; Yalk. Gen. 148. Ib. 62 מה את מַפְלֵי בי (Gen. R. s. 38 מה את מַפְלֶה בי) why wilt thou fool me? Y. Shebi. IX, 38ᵈ, v. לֵי; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּלְיָא (?) m. (perh. = פ׳ בֵי יַאֲרֵי = יַעֲרֵי, v. preced. art., a. יַעֲרָא) [searcher in forests] name of a locust on palm-trees (h. צפורת כרמים). Sabb. 90ᵇ (Ms. M. צפורתא דפילי בידי; Ms. O. פיליא בייארי, Rashi: פיילי ביירי). Cmp. פָּלְיַית. ↗ expanded
פְּלִיאָהhidden thing, secret; miracle. Y. Ḥag. III, 77ᶜ top (fr. Ben Sira) פ׳ ממך מה תדע why wilt thou attempt to know what is hidden from thee? (v. מוּפְלָא). Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIX, 18 (ref. to Ps. CXXXIX, 6) פ׳ זו התוֹרה ‘the secret’, that means the Law. Num. R. s. 10 (ref. to פלאי, Jud. XIII, 18) לפי פ׳ ופ׳ וכ׳ according to each miracle that he (the Lord) performs through us (angels), he names us. ↗ expanded
פְּלִיגָא 1 (פְּלַג) division, discord. Num. R. s. 18 (ref. to Num. XVI, 1) אין ויקח אלא לשון פ׳ ‘and he took away’ has the meaning of division. portion, v. פַּלְגָּא. ↗ expanded
פְּלִיגָא 2Mount P’liga (Division). Targ. Josh. XI, 17 (h. text ההר החלק). ↗ expanded
פַּלְיוּם (pallium, πάλλιον) sheet, blanket; mantle. Nidd. VIII, 1, v. אַפַּלְיוֹן. Y. Sabb. XVI, 15ᵈ top פיליון (corr. acc.); Bab. Sabb. 120ᵃ אפיליות (corr. acc., v. אַפַּלְיוֹן). Y. Ber. II, 4ᶜ bot. מעבר ליה בפיליוס (corr. acc.) put a sheet over it; a. e.—Pl. פַּלְיוֹנוֹת. Sifra M’tsorʿa, Neg., Par. 7, ch. V אפי הוא לבוש … ועטוף עשרה פ׳ Rabad (ed. פולייוניות, corr. acc.) even if he is clothed …, and wrapped in ten pallia. ↗ expanded
פְּלִיזָא (cmp. Arab. falaz) bronzed or gilt. B. Kam. 113ᵇ זבין לקנא … במר די פ׳ Ms. M. (Ar. בכלל דפ׳; ed. דפרזלא, corr. acc.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) bought a flask of solid gold for plated ware. ↗ expanded
פָּלִיטone that escaped, survivor. Snh. 105ᵇ שריד ופ׳ remnant or survivor. Gen. R. s. 42 הוא עוג הוא פ׳ Og and ‘he that had escaped’ (Gen. XIV, 13) are the same person; a. e.—Pl. פְּלֵיטִים, פְּלֵטִים, v. פָּלֵט. ↗ expanded
פְּלֵיטָהescape, safety; remnant. Gen. R. s. 76 [read:] אע"פ שנשארו לפ׳ הֱיוּ מתענין עליהן וכ׳ (v. Yalk. ib. 131) although they (in the diaspora) have been allowed to escape (from the persecutions in Palestine), yet fast (and pray) for them &c. Gen. R. s. 38 נשתיירה מהן פ׳ a remnant of them was left; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּלֵיטִיתP’leṭith, name of a Sodomite woman who, according to a legend, was put to death for feeding a poor family (v. Gen. R. s. 49). Targ. Y. I Gen. XVIII, 21; Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXV פלוטית וכ׳ P. daughter of Lot; Yalk. Gen. 83 פְּלֵטַת. ↗ expanded
פַּלִּיָיא (παλαιά) old. Lev. R. s. 33 (not פיל׳; Ar. פליאה), v. בְּלֵי I; Yalk. Dan. 1061 פליא. Cant. R. to III, 4 פילאי (corr. acc.), v. באמי. ↗ expanded
פָּלְיַית constr. (פְּלֵי) searcher; פ׳ חֵיוָאhedgehog. Targ. Y. Lev. XI, 30 Ar. (Var. פַּיְילַת, fr. פּוּל; ed. מינקת חויא), v. יָילָא. Y’lamd. to Num. XXII, 29, quot. in Ar. (Tanḥ. Balak 9 אנקה). ↗ expanded
פָּלִיל , pl. פְּלִילִים(b. h.; arbitration; arbiters, judges. Mekh. Mishp., s. 8 אין פ׳ אלא דיינין p’lilim (Ex. XXI, 22) means judges. ↗ expanded
פְּלִילָהpreced.) argument, plea; decision, judgment. Snh. 111ᵇ (ref. to פליליה, Is. XXVIII, 7) אין פ׳ אלא דייניםp’lilah means the verdict of judges; Yalk. Is. 302; Meg. 15ᵇ, v. next w.—Pl. פְּלִילוֹת. Snh. 44ᵃ (ref. to ויפלל, Ps. CVI, 30) עשה פ׳ עם קונו he pleaded with his Maker; ib. 82ᵇ; Yalk. Ps. 865; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּלִילִיָּה (b. h.) same. Meg. 15ᵇ אין פ׳ אלא משפט Ms. M. (ed. אין פ׳ אלא דיינין; some ed. פלילה, v. preced.) p’liliyyah means verdict. ↗ expanded
פְּלִימוֹP’limo, name of a Tannai. Pes. 8ᵇ. Men. 37ᵃ. Sot. 4ᵃ, v. פְּנִימוֹן. ↗ expanded
פליסופוס , Sifré Deut. 307; Yalk. Deut. 942 פילוסופ׳, name of a Roman officer who condemned R. Ḥanania to be burnt with the book of the Law. ↗ expanded
פְּלִיפָּא (philippus, Philippi) Plippa, Pilippi, Pilpi, name of an Amora. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᵇ top (ed. Krot. פליטה, corr. acc.). Y. Meg. IV, 75ᵃ bot. פילפי.—Gen. R. s. 71 פליפי; Yalk. Kings 208 פפי. ↗ expanded
פליריכוס , Yalk. Deut. 813, a corrupt., v. קלידיקוס ↗ expanded
פֶּלֶךְ פלך to cut out, round; cmp. פֶּלַח) [circle,] district. B. Bath. 21ᵃ התקינו … בכל פ׳ ופ׳ they ordained that teachers must be appointed, one for each district. Macc. 7ᵃ. Ib. 12ᵇ בן לוי … גולה מפ׳ לפ׳ … לפִלְכוֹ פִּלְכוֹ קולט a Levite (native of a place of refuge) who has killed a person accidentally flees from one district to another, but if he flees to his own native (juridical) district, his district protects him; Zeb. 117ᵃ; Yalk. Ex. 323; a. fr.—Pl. פְּלָכִים, פְּלָכִין. Tosef. Bicc. II, 8 לא … יחידים אלא פ׳ פ׳ they did not go up (to Jerusalem, with the first-fruits) singly, but by districts. [ball of tow, wool &c.,] distaff or spindle. Keth. IX, 4 (86ᵇ) על פִּילְכָהּ ועל עיסתה a husband may administer an oath to his wife on her distaff (on what she spins or weaves) and on her dough. Yoma 66ᵇ (in answer to a woman’s question) אין חכמה לאשה אלא בפ׳ there is no wisdom for woman except at the distaff. Gen. R. s. 56, end לאשה שנתעשרה מפִּלְכָהּ … ומן הפ׳ הזה וכ׳ (Ar. מפלחה … הפלח) like a woman that became rich through her distaff (or spindle, spinning or weaving), and she says, since I have become rich through this distaff (spindle), it shall not part from &c.; a. fr.—Trnsf. vocation, duty. Gen. R. s. 71, v. הוֹדָאָה; ib. רחל תפסה פ׳ שתיקה Rachel made silence her duty (not to betray her sister when she was substituted for her); Midr. Sam. ch. XXVIII; a. e.—מחזיק בפ׳ holding the distaff, being like a woman, forced to stay home, lame. Tanḥ. Masʿé 12 (expl. מחזיק בפ׳, II Sam. III, 29, among the curses that fell back on the house of David) שנעשה כאשה שאחזתו פודגרה he (Asa) became like a woman, for podagra seized him; Snh. 48ᵇ; Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵃ bot. ומחזיק בפ׳ זה יואש ‘and holding a distaff’, that means Joash (who was abused like a woman); a. e. ↗ expanded
פֶּלֶךְ ²district. Targ. Deut. III, 4 constr. פְּלָךְ (O. ed. Berl. פַּלַךְ, ed. Vien. פָּלָךְ). Targ. Esth. I, 22; a. fr.—Pl. פִּלְכִין, פִּלְכַיָּא, פִּי׳. Ib. פִּילְכֵי מלכא ed. Lag. (ed. Vien. פַּלְחֵי, corr. acc.). Targ. Josh. XVII, 11 (ed. Wil. פַּלְ׳). Targ. Koh. I, 12. Targ. Cant. III, 11; a. fr. distaff, spindle. Keth. 72ᵇ קא שדיא פִילְכָהּ וטווה וכ׳ casting the spindle and spinning &c. (v. וָרָד); פסיקתיה לפילכה וכ׳ she broke (the thread of) her spindle and threw it away (as if it had accidentally slipped); אמרה עולם הב לי פִילְכָאִי Ar. (ed. פלך) she said, young man, hand me my spindle; Snh. 95ᵃ; Yalk. Sam. 155; a. e.—Meg. 14ᵇ (prov.) אתתא בהדי שותא פילכא (sub. שדיא) a woman handles the shuttle while she talks, i.e. pursues two aims at a time; [Ar. s. v. שותא: פַּלְכָהspins.] ↗ expanded
פָּלַל (b. h.) to separate, divide. Pi. פִּילֵּלto arbitrate, intercede; trnsf. to pray. Sabb. 55ᵇ (ref. to פׄחׄזׄ, Gen. XLIX, 4) פִּ֗ילַּלְתָּה חׄלתה זׄרחה וכ׳ thou didst plead, thou didst pray, thy prayer rose &c. Hithpa. הִתְפַּלֵּל,Nithpa. נִתְפַּלֵּל (denom. of תְּפִלָּה) to pray. Ber. V, 1 להִתְפַּלֵּל, v. כּוֹבֶד. Ib. היו שוהים … ומִתְפַּלְּלִים used to tarry a while (in meditation) and then say the prayers. Ib. IV, 3 יִתְפַּלֵּל שמונה עשרה should pray the eighteen benedictions. Ib. 4 מִתְפַּלֵּל תפלה קצרה says a short prayer. Y. ib. 8ᵇ top ספק נתפ׳ ספק לא נ׳ if he is in doubt whether he has or has not said his prayers; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּלַל , to argue, debate (v. פלפל). Y. Shebi. VIII, 38ᵇ top מאן גדם לך דלא פַלְתָּה עם חביריך what brought it on thee (that thou couldst not solve that problem)? That thou didst not hold debates with thy fellow students; Y. Ned. XI, 42ᶜ bot. ילפתה (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פְּלַלְגוּלָה (reduplic. of פְּלַג; cmp. pallacana) dwarfonion. Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ, expl. בְּצַלְצוּל q. v. ↗ expanded
פָּלַםto be round, smooth (cmp. Arab. tafailam pinguis fuit); only in part. Pu. מְפוּלָּםsmooth, viscous.—Pl. מְפוּלָּמִין, מְפוּלָּמוֹת. Bets. 24ᵇ דגים המפ׳ moist fish (fresh-caught). Zeb. 54ᵃ אבנים מפ׳ smooth stones (fresh from the ground). Ḥag. 12ᵃ (expl. בהו Gen. I, 2) אלו אבנים המפ׳ וכ׳ that means the smooth (chaotic) stones which are sunk in the deep &c. (with ref. to אבני בהו, Is. XXXIV, 11); Yalk. Gen. 4.—Targ. Job XXVIII, 3 אבנין מפולמין וכ׳ (Ms. ed. Wil. מְפוּלָּמָן) smooth (chaotic) stones out of which darkness proceeds (h. text אבן אפל). ↗ expanded
פַּלְמַנְטָר (frumentarius) military purveyor, commissary, imperial agent (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Frumentarius). Y’lamd. to Deut. III, 23 sq., quot. in Ar. משה היה פַּלְמַנְטָרוֹ וכ׳ Moses was the Lord’s special agent (v. Num. XII, 7). Yalk. Lam. 1001 פלמנסר של מלך (corr. acc.)—Pl. פַּלְמַנְטָרִין. Y. Ber. I, 3ᵇ bot. למלך ששלח שני פ׳ וכ׳ Ar. a. ed. Lehm. (ed. פלמטרין, corr. acc.) like a king who sent out two frumentarii (negotiators); with regard to one he wrote, give him no credit unless he shows my signature and seal &c.; Cant. R. to I, 2; Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᶜ bot. סימנטירין (corr. acc.). Tanḥ. B’midb. 26 [read:] אף אני מקרבן ועושם פ׳ שלי וכ׳ I, too, shall bring them near, and make them my special agents, and entrust my house and my sanctity to none but them; Yalk. Num. 695 פלטנטירין (corr. acc.); v. פַּלְטֵרִין.—[Y. Taan. II, 65ᵈ; Y. Bets. I, 60ᶜ bot. פלמנטרין, v. פְּלוּמַטְרִין.] ↗ expanded
פְּלַן m. = h. פְּלוֹנִי. Y. Kidd. III, 63ᵈ top אנא פ׳ בר פ׳ … ליך אנת פלנית בת פ׳ … מיקמת פ׳ וכ׳ I—son of—betroth thee—daughter of—, with the condition that I give thee an estate bearing the name of—, and to marry thee on the day—&c. Y. Yeb. IV, 6ᵃ bot. ביום פ׳ on such and such a day (naming the date). Gen. R. s. 21, beg. (ref. to לפלמוני Dan. VIII, 13) לפלניא (some ed. לפְלַנְיָיה) to a certain defined person; Yalk. Dan. 1066. Koh. R. to X, 5 פסוק פ׳ בתר פ׳ I recited that certain verse, and then that. Gitt. 69ᵇ (in an incantation) פלוני בר פלוניתא thou—, son of—; a. v. fr.—Fem. פְּלָנִית, פְּלָנִיתָא, פְּלַנְתָּא, (פְּלוֹנִיתָא). Y. Keth. VIII, 31ᶜ אין הדא פ׳ תסבי להדין פלוני בעלה וכ׳ if that woman—be married to that man—, her betrothed husband, and &c. Pes. 112ᵃ; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּלַס (cmp. פָּלַשׁ I) to split, pick to pieces. B. Kam. 19ᵇ ההוא חמרא … ופַלְסֵיה לסלא an ass ate (a neighbor’s) bread and picked the basket to pieces. Ib. אכיל והדר פָּלֵיס he eats first and then picks to pieces. Pa. פַּלֵּיסsame. Ib. אורחיה נמי לפַלּוּסֵי סלא it is also his habit to demolish a basket. ↗ expanded
פְּלַסְטוֹן (πλαστόν) fabricated, a fraud. Num. R. s. 8 the nations said תורתן של אלו פ׳ הוא that people’s Law is a fraud (they do not observe it themselves); Midr. Sam. ch. XXVIII פלסתר. Y. B. Mets. V, end, 10ᵈ שעישין התורה פלסטרן ואת משה טפש (corr. acc.) they (the usurers), declare the Law (forbidding usury) a fraud, and Moses a fool; Tosef. B. Mets. VI, 17 פלסטר; (Bab. ib. 75ᵇ משה חכם ותורתו אמת, euphem.). Y’lamd. to Num. XVI, quot. in Ar. פ׳ הוא תורתו וכ׳ the law of Moses is a fraud. Yalk. Jer. 321 מה שאנו רואים … פלסטרו הוא (corr. acc.) as far as we can judge your Law, it is a fraud (its predictions are not inspired); ib. אין דבר בתורה פלסטרון ולא וכ׳ not a word in the Law is a fabrication or a falsehood. Tanḥ. ed. Bub. Lekh 10 פלסטין הוא (corr. acc.) the document is forged. ↗ expanded
פְּלַסְטִינִי (Παλαιστίνη) Palestine (Philistæa). Gen. R. s. 90 end (ref. to Gen. XLI, 54) בשלש ארצות בפניקיא ובפ׳ … in the three countries, Phœnicia, Arabia and Palestine; Yalk. ib. 148 בקפוטיקי … ובפלסטים (corr. acc.). Lev. R. s. 5 (ref. to גת פלשתים Am. VI, 2) אלין תלוליא דפ׳ that means the mounds of Philistia; Num. R. s. 10; Yalk. Am. 545 דפלסתני (corr. acc). Lam. R. to I, 5 דוכוס דפ׳ the dux (commander) of Palestine. ↗ expanded
פְּלַסְטִיר (πλάστηρ = πλάστης) forger. [This meaning of πλάστης is not recorded elsewhere.] Ab. Zar. 11ᵇ בר קירי פ׳ Ms. M. (ed. סך קירי פלסתר) (supposed to mean) אחוה דמרנא זייפנא the brother of our lord, the forger. (πλαστήριον) fraud, forgery, illegal document [not recorded in this sense]. Tosef. B. Mets. VI, 17, v. פְּלַסְטוֹן. Lev. R. s. 19 (the Book of Deuteronomy complained) עיקרני … ועשאני פ׳ וכ׳ Solomon has uprooted me and made me a forgery, for a document of which two or three points are void, is null and void in its entirety. Ber. 31ᵇ ואי אתה עושה תורתך פ׳ and thou wilt not make thy Law a fraud (by not fulfilling what is predicted, Num. V, 28). Succ. 29ᵃ כותבי פלסתר forgers of documents or signatures; Tosef. ib. II, 5 פלסטיר Var. (ed. Zuck. פלסתר). ↗ expanded
פְּלֹסְלוֹס (reduplic. of פלס; cmp. פּוּלְסָא) p’loslos, a sort of lupine, homogeneous with תורמוס. Kil. I, 3 (Ms. M. סלוסלות, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); Tosef. ib. I, 2; expl. Y. ib. 27ᵃ פרמועה. ↗ expanded
פַּלְסְמוֹן m. = בַּלְסְמוֹן. Gen. R. s. 33; (Lev. R. s. 31 ב׳). Num. R. s. 13; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּלְפּוּל (פִּלְפֵּל) discussion, debate. B. Bath. 145ᵇ בעל פ׳ master in dialectics. Ab. VI פ׳ התלמידים the debates among scholars. Tem. 16ᵃ החזירן … מתוך פִּילְפּוּלוֹ Othniel … restored them (the lost interpretations of the Law) through his reasoning; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּלְפּוּלָא Ned. 38ᵃ פ׳ בעלמא only deductions by argument (were given to Moses exclusively, and he communicated them to the people). Y. Ter. IV, 42ᵈ מפִּילְפּוּל חבירייא שמעית הא I learned this from the students’ arguments. Erub. 67ᵃ רב ששת מרתע … מפִּילְפּוּלֵיה וכ׳ R. Sh. trembled all over his body, when R. H. argued. Keth. 103ᵇ אם … מהדרני ליה מפִּילְפּוּלִי if, God forefend, the Law should be forgotten in Israel, I could restore it by my argumentation; B. Mets. 85ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּלְפֵּל (v. פָּלַל a. פּוּל) to search. Tanḥ. Vayesheb הוצרך … לפַלְפֵּל בעפר וכ׳ (some ed. לפַשְׁפֵּשׁ) the king had need of searching in the dust and among the pebbles to find the pearl. Tosef. B. Bath. VII, 5 כל דבר שלא פִּלְפְּלוּ בו יתומין וכ׳ the first-born gets a double share of whatever the heirs had no need of searching for (being ready on hand at the father’s death). Sabb. 31ᵃ (among the questions which the dead are asked on appearing before the seat of judgment) פִּלְפַּלְתָּה בחכמה hast thou been a searcher after wisdom? to argue, debate. B. Mets. 85ᵇ לא פִּלְפַּלְתִּי בתורה כמותו Ms. R. (ed. תורה) did I not argue on the Law like him? תורה כמותו פִּלְפַּלְתָּ וכ׳ thou didst argue … like him, but thou didst not spread learning like him; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּלְפֵּל 1 , to argue, reason. Targ. Job XI, 12 sec. vers. (first vers. חריף; h. text נבוב). ↗ expanded
פַּלְפֵּל 2 [to be round, v. next w.,] to roll in, cover with (cmp. פָּלַשׁ II; Syr. פלפל inquinavit, P. Sm. 3130). Targ. Job XVI, 15 (h. text עלל).—Part. pass. מְפַלְפַּל. Targ. II Esth. IV, 16. Ithpalp. אִתְפַּלְפֵּלto roll one’s self. Ib. l. ↗ expanded
פִּלְפָּל (פלל to be round, roll) ball, grain, esp. pepper. Sabb. VI, 5 (64ᵇ) בפ׳ ובגרגיר מלח with a grain of pepper (Rashi: a bit of ‘long pepper’) or a grain of salt (in the mouth); ib. 65ᵃ פ׳ לריח הפה pepper (is put in the mouth) to dispel the bad odor &c. Ib. IX, 6 (90ᵃ) פלפלת כל שהו any quantity of (long) pepper; a. e.—Pl. פִּלְפָּלִין, פִּילְ׳. Ber. 36ᵇ הפ׳ חייבין בערלה pepper-trees are subject to the law of ʿOrlah. Bets. II, 9 הרחים של פ׳ pepper-mill. Treat. Sof’rim XV, 8 נמשלה … והמשנה כפ׳ the Torah is compared to salt, the Mishnah to pepper. Y. Hor. III, 48ᶜ top מלח בזול פ׳ ביוקר salt is cheap, pepper is dear; איפשר לעולם … בלא פ׳ וכ׳ (not פלפילין) the world can live without pepper, but not without salt; a. fr.—[Koh. R. to IX, 13, v. פִּילּוֹן.] ↗ expanded
פִּלְפְּלָא Keth. 75ᵃ אפשר דנקיט פ׳ וכ׳ he may take a grain (or a bit) of pepper in his mouth (to dispel the bad smell) and perform his priestly function. Meg. 7ᵃ חדא פ׳ חריפתא one grain of sharp pepper, v. חָרִיף; a. fr.—Pl. פִּלְפְּלִין, פִּלְפְּלֵי, פִּילְ׳. Sabb. 141ᵃ הני פ׳ וכ׳ (Ar. פרפלי) grains of pepper one may crush singly (on the Sabbath). Yoma 81ᵇ, a. e. כס פ׳, v. כְּסַס. Pes. 42ᵇ פי׳ אֲרִיכָתָא (Ms. M. פילפלא אריכְתָּא) long pepper; Gitt. 69ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּלְפְּלָן (פִּלְפֵּל, with play on פִּלְפָּל) one skilled in arguing, debater. Y. Hor. III, 48ᶜ top הסודרן קודם לפיל׳ (Bab. ed. סדרן … לפל׳, not לין …) the systematic collector of traditions is preferable to the dialectician. Ib. (Bab. ed.) מאי את בעי מר׳ אימי דהוא סדרן והוא פ׳ (not הפ׳) what do you want of R. I., who is both a systematizer and a debater?; Y. ed. מיתבעי מר׳ אימי הוא הפ׳ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פָּלַץ (b. h.) to split, shatter. Nithpa. נִתְפַּלֵּץto be split, cracked. Midr. Till. to Ps. LX, ed. Bub. בשעה שאמר לו יואב הדברים האלו רעשה הארץ נִתְפַּלְּצָה עליהם ונתקפלה תחתיו ונמצא עומד דוד להכותו when Joab said to him (Moab) these words, the earth quaked; it was split around them, and folded itself under his feet, and presently David stood there to smite him (Moab). ↗ expanded
פַּלְקָא (preced.) fissure, wound. Koh. R. to VI, 11 או חד פ׳ וכ׳ he receives either a wound &c., v. פִּדְעָא. ↗ expanded
פִּלַּקְתָּא = h. פִּלֶּגֶשׁ. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVI, 12. Ib. XXII, 24. Targ. I Chr. I, 32 (some ed. פַּלְקְתָא); a. e.—Pl. פִּילַּקְתִין, פִּילַ׳. Ib. III, 9. Targ. Y. Gen. XXV, 6 (ed. Vien. פְּלַקְ׳); a. e. ↗ expanded
פָּלַשׁ 1to divide, go through. Pi. פִּילֵּשׁto penetrate, go from end to end, perforate, v. infra., v. infra. to search. Num. R. s. 14; Y. Snh. X, 29ᵇ bot. (play on עלי פלשת התרועעי, Ps. LX, 10) עלי לפַלֵּשׁ להם מעשים טובים לעשותן ריעים וכ׳ it is for me to search for their good deeds and make them friendly to wards one another. (with אחר) [to dig after,] to go to extremes. Lam. R. to I, 1 הם לא פִּלְּשׁוּ אחר מדת הדין והיא לא פִלְּשָׁה (היתה) אחריהם (Ar. פִילְּ׳) they (the Israelites) did not go to the extreme of rebellion against Justice, and she (Justice) did not go to the extreme in punishing them; (Var. in Ar. חִיפְּשׁוּ, חִיפְּשָׁה); ib. to II, 4; 5; Yalk. Hos. 521. Pu. פּוּלָּשׁto be perforated. Y. Succ. III, 53ᵈ ניקב ולא פ׳ מבפנים (not פילש) if the Ethrog is punctured but not perforated within (all through the skin).—Part. מְפוּלָּשׁ; f. מְפוּלֶּשֶׁת; pl. מְפוּלָּשִׁים, מְפוּלָּשִׁין; מְפוּלָּשׁוֹת. Bab. Succ. 36ᵃ נקב מפ׳ a puncture going through (into the flesh). Sabb. XVI, 1 מפ׳ (מבוי) an open alley, expl. ib. 117ᵃ an alley opening into a street, not closed by a legally required fictitious partition, v. לֶחִי. Erub. IX, 4, a. e. גשרים המפ׳, v. גֶּשֶׁר. Y. ib. VIII, 25ᵇ top (ref. to פִּיוְסָרוֹס) לעולם אין … מפ׳ מסוף העולם וכ׳ we never call a road a public area (v. רָשׁוּת), unless it is cut through from one end of the world to the other, i.e. runs in a straight line. Tosef. Kil. II, 1 תלמים שלשה מפ׳ וכ׳ three furrows running from one end of the field to the other. Gen. R. s. 70; Yalk. ib. 124 (play on בנות, Gen. XXIX, 16 = בונית) כשתי קורות המפ׳ וכ׳ like two joists extending from one end of the world to the other, the one reared princes &c. Gen. R. s. 44 (ref. to ומאציליה, Is. XLI, 9) ממפ׳ שבה וכ׳ from the parts of the world that have been gone through (explored) have I called thee; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פָּלַשׁ 2to roll in, cover with. Hithpa. הִתְפַּלֵּשׁ,Nithpa. נִתְפַּלֵּשׁto roll one’s self, cover one’s self. Gitt. 58ᵃ קרעתו ונִתְפַּלְּשָׁח באפר (not קרעתה) she rent it (the shirt) and rolled herself in the dust; Yalk. Jer. 276. ↗ expanded
פְּלַשׁIthpa.אִתְפַּלֵּשׁ same. Targ. Mic. I, 10. ↗ expanded
פְּלִשְׁתָּאָה Targ. I Sam. XVII, 23; a. fr.—Pl. פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי. Ib.; a. fr.—Num. R. s. 14 (fr. Targ. Is. XI, 14) לממחי ית פ׳ to beat the Philistines. ↗ expanded
פְּלִשְׁתִּי (b. h.) Philistine.—Pl. פְּלִשְׁתִּים. Sot. VIII, 1 פ׳ באו וכ׳ the Philistines came with boastful reliance on &c., v. נִצָּחוֹן. Midr. Till. to Ps. LX. Num. R. s. 14 ארץ פ׳ Philistia; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּלֵתִי (b. h.) gent. n. P’lethi, Pelethi; (collect.) the body-guard of David; (homilet.) the Urim and Tummim; (oth. opin.) the Sanhedrin. Ber. 4ᵃ; Snh. 16ᵇ, v. מוּפְלָא. ↗ expanded
פָּמוֹטa shaft with a receptacle for a lamp, a plain candlestick Men. 28ᵃ ההוא פ׳ מקרי such a candlestick without branches is named pamoṭ (and not m’norah); Yalk. Ex. 369 פסוק (corr. acc.). Sabb. 44ᵃ פ׳ שהדליקו עליו באותה שבת Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) a lampholder on which a lamp has been burnt on that (the present) Sabbath day. Y. ib. III, 6ᶜ top (also פומט), contrad. to נר.—Pl. פָּמוֹטוֹת. Bab. ib. 121ᵇ ↗ expanded
פַּמִּילְיָיא (familia) the slaves in a household, family servants; frequ. divine agencies, ministers. Targ. Cant. I, 15.—Y. Sot. V, 20ᶜ bot. איוב … ומגדולי פמילייא וכ׳ Job was one of Pharaoh’s servants and of the grandees of his household. Ḥull. 7ᵇ; Snh. 67ᵇ פ׳ של מעלה the heavenly household, v. כַּשָּׁף. Ber. 16ᵇ sq. שתשים שלים בפ׳ של מעלה ובפ׳ של מטה let peace reign in the heavenly household and in the household here below (thy servants on earth). Num. R. s. 4, beg. (ref. to Gen. XXVIII, 13) ראה המלך ופ׳ שלו וכ׳ he saw the King, and his attendants stood by him to guard him. Sifra K’dosh. beg.; Yalk. Lev. 604, v. חָקָה; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּמְלַנְיָא (corrupt. of feminalia) bandages, knee-breeches. Ned. 55ᵇ פליניא (Ar. פלניא; corr. acc.). Nidd. 13ᵇ כמין פ׳ של פרשים (Vers. in Ar. פלניא) like the feminalia of horsemen. Gen. R. s. 84 (ref. to אשר עליו, Gen. XXXVII, 23) זו פ׳ שלו this refers to his breeches; Yalk. ib. 142 פלמניא. Kel. XXVII, 6 פמוליניא (ed. Dehr. פימלנייה). Gen. R. s. 99 אלו … לובשי פמלליא these (the priests) wear trousers, and those (the Greeks) wear feminalia. Num. R. s. 4 עטוף פעליונין (read: פִּמְלְיוֹנִין) he was wrapped in feminalia. ↗ expanded
פן , Targ. Jon. I, 8 some ed. ומפן, read ומנן, v. מְנָן↗ expanded
פֶּן [eventually,] lest. Zeb. 106ᵃ כל מקום שנאמר השמר פן ואל וכ׳ wherever the Scripture has ‘be guarded, lest’, or al, it introduces a prohibitory law (v. עָשָׂה); Sot. 5ᵃ, a. fr. Sifré Deut. 70, quot. in Yalk. ib. 882 השמר בלא תעשה פן בלא תעשה ‘be guarded’ means a prohibitory law, and so does ‘lest’. ↗ expanded
פְּנַאי (פָּנָה) emptiness, vacancy. Num. R. s. 14 (play on אל תבהל מפניו, Koh. VIII, 3) לא נתבהל מפ׳ הבית he (Joseph) was not bewildered by the emptiness of the house (his being alone with Potiphar’s wife). vacation, leisure, time, opportunity. Ab. Zar. V, 6 לפי שאין פ׳ לנסך because the invaders do not take time to offer a libation (so as to make the wine forbidden, v. נָסַךְ). Ib. 71ᵃ לנסך אין פ׳ לבעול יש פ׳ for libation they do not take time, but for outrage they do. Y. ib. V, 45ᵃ top אין פ׳ להטיל אירס the snake (being pursued) finds no opportunity to shed venom; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פנג , Targ. Y. Gen. XXII, 20 ופנגת, some ed., read: ופַגְנַת. ↗ expanded
פִּנְגּוּס (transp. of pignus) pledge deposited with the creditor, the usufruct of which remained the debtor’s (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Pignus). Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 1 (ref. to Is. XLV, 19) [read:] לא אמרתי לזרע יעקב לאלו אני נותנה ולא תהו בקשוני לא נתתיה פ׳ וכ׳ I did not say, ‘to the seed of Jacob’, to them only will I give the Law (and not to other nations), nor (did I say,) ‘seek me for naught’, I have not given it as a pledge (of which you cannot have the usufruct), … long before I gave you the commands, have I advanced to you the reward for them &c.; Yalk. Ex. 275; Yalk. Is. 325 (omitting לאלו אני נותנה ולא). ↗ expanded
פנגיות , Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXV, read: פגניות, v. פַּגְנוּת ↗ expanded
פַּנְגַּר (an adaptation of πανεγυρίστης) Pangar (Encomiast), name of one of the generals (duces) before Jerusalem under Vespasian. Lam. R. to I, 5 חד אמר קילוס שמיה וחד אמר פ׳ שמיה one says, the name of that dux was Ḳillus (Praise), and one says, his name was Pangar. ↗ expanded
*פַּנְדָּא 2Panda, name of an Amora (?). Ber. 55ᵇ (Ms. M. פבנא a. פרנא; En Yaăk. ed. pr., a. Yoḥăsin פרנך, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). בר שיריקא פ׳ name of a demon. Sabb. 67ᵃ (Rashi פנדאי; Ms. M. פניא). ↗ expanded
פַּנְדּוּרָה (πανδοῦρα, v. Hesych. s. v.) pandean pipe (syrinx), the shepherd’s pipe. Y. B. Bath. VII, end, 15ᵈ נותן לו כמין פ׳ he must give him a portion of his field in the shape of a syrinx (a quadrangle one side of which is half as long as its opposite). Ib. III, beg. 13ᵈ (expl. מַשְׁכּוֹכִיתָא) אית דמרין פ׳ (ed. Krot. פנדודה, corr. acc.) some say, the deliverance of the shepherd’s pipe (as symbolical possession); Y. B. Kam. X, end, 7ᶜ (expl. ברחא), v. שַׁרְקוּקִיתָא. ↗ expanded
פַּנְדֵּירָאPandera, (Panṭera, Panṭeri), surname of Joseph the father of Jesus of Nazareth. Koh. R. to X, 5 חד מן אילין דבר פ׳ one of the followers of the son of P.—Tosef. Ḥull. II, 22; 24; a. fr.; v. יֵשׁוּ. ↗ expanded
פָּנוּי (פָּנָה) vacant, empty; free; superfluous. Erub. 16ᵇ ובלבד … בית סאתים פ׳ provided there is not an area of two S’ah unoccupied; expl. ib. 17ᵃ פ׳ מכלים unoccupied by travelling implements, contrad. to פ׳ מאדם superfluous as regards the number of travellers (to each of whom an area of two S’ah is assigned). Ex. R. s. 5; Tanḥ. Vaëra 6 שבטו … פ׳ היה מעבודת פרך the tribe of Levi was exempt from hard labor; ed. Bub. ib. 4; Yalk. Ex. 176 פְּנוּי וכ׳, v. לטרגיה. Sabb. 23ᵃ שלא יראה בעל הבית שעה פ׳ וכ׳ that the owner may not look out for a free moment (when there are no poor about), and say to his poor relative, here is the corner (פֵּאָה); Y. Peah IV, 18ᵇ קנויה (corr. acc.); a. e.—Pl. פְּנוּיִים, פְּנוּיִין; פְּנוּיוֹת. Tanḥ. l. c. בשביל שאתם פ׳ וכ׳ because you are idle, you say &c.; Ex. R. l. c. פְּנוּיִם; a. e. síngle, unmarríed. Sifra Emor, Par. 1, ch. I הפ׳ הבא על הפ׳ שלא וכ׳ if an unmarried man has connection with an unmarried woman without the intention of thereby making her his wife; Yeb. 61ᵇ; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Num. R. s. 3 (ref. to מעין חתום, Cant. IV, 12) אלו הפנויות this refers to the unmarried (men and women in Egypt). Tanḥ. Vayesheb 8 השתא הפ׳ שלכם אסורות לנו וכ׳ even the unmarried of your people are forbidden to us, how much more thou who art a man’s wife; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּנַחְיָא (supposed to be fr. Pers. pânah) protection, safeguard. B. Kam. 103ᵃ מידע … ופ׳ הוא דקבעינא (Ms. M. פנחייה) you know very well that I bought the field for myself, and that (in buying it in behalf of a third, influential person) I had in view only protection (against legal disputes). Yeb. 115ᵇ לפ׳ שבקיה he left the letters that were to mark the contents as sacred on the vessel merely for protection (that it might be spared by thievish servants). ↗ expanded
*פַּנְטִיPanṭi. Koh. R. to VIII, 3 לוי בן פ׳; Meg. 31ᵇ בר בוטי (Ms. M. בוטא); Treat. Sof’rim XII, 3 בר פדא; Y. Meg. III, 74ᵇ bot. פאטי (ed. Krot. פסטי; ed. Crac. פכטי); Yalk. Prov. 932 בוטא. ↗ expanded
פֶּנְטִיגוֹן (πεντάγωνος) pentagonal. Naz. 8ᵇ; B. Bath. 164ᵇ פ׳ (בית) a pentagonal building; Tosef. Neg. VI, 3 פנטיגין ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. פנטניז, corr. acc.). (πεντάγονος) for the fifth time. Naz. l. c.; B. Bath. l. c., v. דִּיגוֹן. fivefold. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXVIII, 49 פ׳ היה (not היא; ed. Bub. טטראגון הוא, corr. acc.) each Egyptian plague was fivefold. ↗ expanded
פַּנְטַסְכִינָאֵי nom. gent. pl. (denom. of πεντάσχοινος) inhabitants of Pentaschoinos, an Egyptian district [prob. meant for Dodekaschoinos, by confusion with next w.]. Targ. I Chr. I, 11 (ed. Rahmer פנטסכיינ׳); Targ. Y. I Gen. X, 13 (h. text נפתחים); Targ. Y. II ib. 14 (ed. Amst. פְּנַטְסַכְנָ׳; h. text כסלחים). ↗ expanded
פַּנְטַפּוֹלִיטָאֵי nom. gent. pl. (πενταπολῖται) inhabitants of Pentapolis, an Egyptian district (also called Cyrenaica). Targ. I Chr. I, 12 (h. text פתרסים); Targ. Y. I Gen. X, 14 (ed. Vien. פַּנְטַפּוּלוֹטֵי; h. text כסלחים). [Targ. Y. II ib. 13 (ed. Vien. פַּנְטַפּוֹלַטָ׳; h. text ענמים or להבים), prob. misplaced; v. preced. art.] ↗ expanded
פֶּנְטַקָקָהPenṭaḳaḳah, surname of one who was said to have committed five sins (πέντα κακά) every day. Y. Taan. I, 64ᵇ bot. ↗ expanded
פני (b. h.) to turn (one’s face). Yoma 17ᵇ, a. e. שאתה פוֹנֶה, v. פִּינָּה. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᵇ sq. (ref. to Lev. XIX, 4) אל תִּפְנֶה לעובדן do not turn thy face to them to worship them; אל תפנה לראותן ממש it is meant literally, do not turn thy face to look at them; Sifra K’dosh. beg. אל תפנה לראותם וַדַּיי. Ib. תחלתם אלילים הם אם פּוֹנֶה את אחריהן וכ׳ at first they are ‘nothings’, but if thou turnest after them, thou wilt make them (thy) gods; Yalk. Lev. 604. Ib.; Sabb. 149ᵃ (ref. to Lev. l. c.) אל תִּפְנוּ אֶל מדעתכם turn not to the creation of your fancy (Rashi; anoth. interpret., v. infra); a. v. fr. to turn around, go away. Lam. R. to I, 1 כיון ששתה ופ׳ לילך (מעשה) רבתי when he had drunk and turned to go away. Gen. R. s. 68 יצא משם פ׳ זיוה פ׳ הדרה when he (the righteous) goes away from a place, its splendor is gone, its glory is gone; Ruth R. to I, 7. Sifra K’dosh., ch. VIII, Par. 4, a. e. (ref. to ונתתי את פני, Lev. XX, 6; cmp. פְּנַאי) פּוֹנֶה אני מכל וכ׳, v. עֵסֶק. Midr. Prov. to XVI, 11 לִפְנוֹת היום when the day was going away (towards evening); a. v. fr. (act. verb) to turn, pervert. Cant. R. to VII, 9 (play on אחׄשׄדׄרפׄנׄיא, Dan. III, 2) אלו ארכונות שהן נשׄחׄדׄין ופׄוניׄן דין וכ׳ (not נחשדין) those are the officers that are bribed and turn justice in any direction; ib. שמהׄדׄרׄין פׄנׄים ופׄונׄין דין who respect persons and pervert justice; a. fr. to turn aside, go out, (euphem.) to ease one’s self. Y. Sot. I, 16ᵈ אם יִפְנֶה אחד מהן לצורכו if one of them goes out for a human need. Toh. X, 2 ופוֹנִים (Ber. 62ᵃ ונִפְנִין, Nif.). to vacate (v. infra); to free, release. Pesik. R. s. 42 הספינה … ולא תטריח עליה לִפְנוֹתָהּ (not הטריח) thy friend’s ship has been seized (for public service), and wilt thou not take pains to release it? ועכשיו של אחרים הוא פוֹנֶה ושלו אינה נפנית and now he releases other men’s ships, and shall not his be released.?—Part. pass.פָּנוּי; f. פְּנוּיָהvacant, empty, free. Ber. 43ᵃ אין בית הבליעה פ׳ his œsophagus is not free (which makes speaking dangerous). Y. Kil. III, beg. 28ᶜ אי אפשר … נקב אחד פ׳ וכ׳ it is not possible that there should not be one cavity free for planting &c.; Y. Sabb. IX, 11ᵈ bot. אפשר … פניי (corr. acc.). Num. R. s. 14 והיה הבית פ׳ and the house was empty (none at home); a. fr.—V. פָּנוּי. Pi. פִּינָּהto empty, remove, transfer. Sabb. III, 5 המיחם שפִּינָּהוּ וכ׳ in the kettle which one has emptied (or: which one has removed from the oven) &c.; ib. 41ᵃ המיחם שפ׳ ממנו מים וכ׳ in the kettle out of which one has removed the hot water. Ib. XVIII, 1 מְפַנִּין אפי׳ וכ׳ you may clear away (on the Sabbath) even four or five piles … to make room for guests. Y. Gitt. VIII, 49ᵈ top אם … איש מְפַנֶּה if the court belongs to the wife, the husband (after divorce) must vacate it, ושל איש אשה מְפַנָּה and if it belongs to the husband, the wife must vacate it; מי מפנה מפני מי which of them must vacate it for the other? Taan. 21ᵃ בקשו תלמידיו לפַנּוֹת את וכ׳ his disciples wanted to move his bed first and then his furniture; פַּנּוּ את הכלים וכ׳ move the furniture first. Ab. III, 4 מפנה לבו לבטלה empties his heart (of serious thoughts to make room) for frivolous subjects. Sabb. 149ᵃ (ref. to Lev. XIX, 4, v. supra) אל תְּפַנוּ אֵל מדעתכם do not remove God from your minds (to make room for idols). B. Kam. 81ᵇ מְפַנֵּיהוּ לשדה וכ׳ he must remove the corpse to &c. Y. Maasr. II, 49ᵈ רוצה אדם לפנות עסקיו וכ׳ (ed. Krot. רוצה הוא אדם לפנע; ed. Zyt. לפלה, corr. acc.) a man is anxious to dispose of his goods in the first place he strikes &c.; a. fr. to free, acquit. Tanḥ. Vayikra 6 פ׳ לקרתני ולבן פלטרין וכ׳ he acquitted the commoner, but convicted the courtier. Ib. לקרתני פִּנִּיתִי וכ׳ I acquitted the commoner, because he knows not the royal customs; a. fr. Nif. נִפְנֶהto turn. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 5 נִפְנֵיתִי לכאן וכ׳ I turned in all directions, and there is no redeemer but thee; Yalk. Sam. 157; a. e. to be removed, to die. Gen. R. s. 98 שהיה נ׳ מן העולם who was going to die. Tosef. Par. III (II), 8 נ׳ בני my son is dead (v. infra); a. e. to be free, at leisure. Ib. לכשאֶפָּנֶה לך when I shall have leisure for thee, i.e. I shall take revenge on thee, when opportunity offers; אמר לו כשתִּפָּנֶה said he to him, when thou shalt be at leisure (or when thou shalt be dead, v. supra); ib. (Vers. of R. S. to Par. III, 8) לא נ׳ בני שהעריב שמשו my son has found no leisure (to take revenge), for his sun has set (he is dead). Ab. II, 4 אל תאמר לכשאפנה אשנה שמא לא תפנה say not, when I shall be at leisure, I will study; may be thou wilt never find leisure; a. fr. to ease one’s self. Sabb. 82ᵃ הנצרך לִפָּנוֹת ואינו נפנה (Alf. להִפָּנוֹת) he who feels the want of easing himself, and is not relieved; ib. הנצרך ליפנות ואינו יכול ליפנות. Ber. 62ᵃ ונִפְנִין, v. supra; a. fr. to be released. Pesik. R. l. c., v. supra. Hif. הִפְנָהto vacate.—Part. pass. מוּפְנֶה a) free, disengaged, single. Yeb. III, 5 שלשה אחין … ואחד מ׳ three brothers two of whom were married to two sisters, and one is free (unmarried or married to one who is a stranger to his brothers’ wives); Y. ib. III, 4ᵈ top; a. e.—b) (dialectical exegesis) free for interpretation, unnecessary for the plain sense or context. Nidd. 22ᵇ וייצר מ׳ משני צדדין מ׳ … ומ׳ גבי בהמה vayitser is free for interpretation on both sides, it is free with regard to man (Gen. II, 7, because man’s creation is mentioned in ויברא, ib. I, 27), and free with regard to beasts (ib. II, 19, their creation being stated in ויעש, ib. I, 25). Ib. כל גזירה שוה שאינה מוּפְנָה כל עיקר וכ׳ analogous words which are not entirely free (in both texts) cannot be made the basis for interpretation as g’zerah shavah (v. גְּזֵרָה). Ib. מ׳ מצד אחד free in one of the texts; Sabb. 64ᵃ; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְפַּנָּהto be vacated, cleared, removed. Y. Naz. IX, 57ᵈ bot. כל הקברות מִתְפַּנִּין וכ׳ all graves may be vacated (transferred), except &c.; Treat. S’maḥ. ch. XIV. to be released. Pesik. R. l. c. כדי הוא (ש)תִּיתְפִּנֶּה he deserves it to have his ship released (ed. Prag כדי הוא שיִתְפַּנֶּה he deserves to be released). ↗ expanded
פְּנֵי 1to turn to or from; to go. Targ. Y. Gen. XXIV, 49 (O. Ithpe.). Targ. O. Deut. XXIX, 17 (Y. I Ithpe.). Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 63 למִפְנֵי רמשא (ed. Amst. למִפַּנֵּיIthpa.) towards evening; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 20; Yalk. ib. 30 כמִפְנֵי רמשא at the turn (approach) of the evening. Gen. R. s. 63 שלח … מִפְנֵי רמשא דערובתא sent letters to Tiberias (to reach the elders) towards the evening of Friday; (Y. Ter. VIII, 46ᵇ bot. בערובתא עם מטמעי שמשא); a. fr. to remove, empty, v. infra., v. infra. to ease one’s self. Ber. 62ᵃ דבעינא למִפְנֵי (Ms. F. לאַפְנוּיֵיAf.). Pa. פַּנֵּיto clear, empty, remove. Targ. Y. Gen. XXIV, 20 Ar. (ed. ורוקינת; h. text ותער). Targ. Ps. LXXX, 10 (ed. Wil. פָּנִי׳Pe.). Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 31 (Y. Pe.). Targ. Is. XL, 3; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְפַנָּא clear, levelled. Targ. Gen. XIV, 17 (O. ed. Vien. מַפְנָאAf.).—Ber. l. c. פַּנּוּ לי דוכתא Ms. M. (ed. פַּנִּי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) clear a place for me. Taan. 20ᵇ בעי לפַנּוּיֵיה wanted to remove it (the wine); משכיה בשמעתא עד דפַנְּיֵיה he kept him engaged in discussion on a tradition until he had removed it. Lam. R. to V, 1 (expl. ערו, Ps. CXXXVII, 7) פַּנּוּן פנון clear, clear (the place, with ref. to ותער, Gen. XXIV, 20, v. supra), contrad. to פגר; Pesik. Zakhor, p. 26ᵃ פאטן (read פָּאנוּן); ib. ʿÃniya, p. 135ᵃ; Pesik. R. s. 32; a. fr. to free, acquit. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵃ sq. פַּנִּינָן יתיה, v. דֵּיו. Y. Taan. I, 64ᵇ bot. מה מיעבד ומְפַנִּינֵיה what to do in order to release him (from prison); הא לך פַּנְּיִי בעליך here is money for thee, release thy husband; a. e. to ease one’s self. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᶜ bot. עאל לפַנּוּיֵיה (not לפונייה) went to ease himself (v. infra). Af. אַפְנֵיto turn, direct; to take aside. Targ. II Sam. III, 27. Ib. VI, 10. Targ. Josh. XXIV, 23; a. fr. to vacate, free (one’s mind); to take time. Targ. Nah. II, 9 לית דמַפְנֵי וכ׳ none take time to stand still.—Esp. to make a text free for interpretation, to use asמוּפְנֶה (v. preced.). Nidd. 22ᵇ ויברא לגופיה וייצר לאַפְנוּיֵי vayibra (Gen. I, 27) is needed for its own sake (to state the fact), vayitser (ib. II, 7) is to be used for interpretation. Sabb. 64ᵃ בגד ועור … שמע מינה לאפנויי what need was there to mention ‘garment and skin’ again in connection with creeping things? Learn from it, that it is to be used for exegetical purposes. Ib.; Snh. 40ᵇ לאי אפנויי וכ׳, v. לַאי; a. fr.—Part. pass. מַפְנֵי. Sabb. l. c. מ׳ דאי לא מ׳ וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ומופנה דאי לאו מופנה) it is free for exegesis, for if it were not free (but needed for its own sake) &c. Ib. דמת נמי אפנויי מ׳ ed. Sonc. a. Ven. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10; ed. מופנה) ‘garment and skin’ in connection with corpses is likewise (unnecessary, and) free for exegesis; a. fr. to ease one’s self. Ib. 140ᵇ לא תִיפְנוּן היכא דמַפְני וכ׳ do not go out to the same place that your men use &c. Ber. 62ᵃ, v. supra. Ithpe. אִתְפְּנֵי, אִיפְּנֵיto turn; to go away. Targ. Ex. III, 3 sq. Targ. Jud. XIX, 8; a. fr.—Kidd. 65ᵃ עד דמִיפְּני פיסחא (prob. to be read: עד מ׳) until Passover is past. ↗ expanded
פְּנֵי 2 c. = h. פָּנוּיfree (from service). Targ. Deut. XXIV, 5 (O. ed. Berl. פְּ׳; h. text נקי). empty. Gen. R. s. 65, v. סוּלְגִּיתָא; Koh. R. to V, 10; Yalk. Gen. 115; a. e. turning around, restless. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 5 (expl. אפפוני ib.) פניא אנא מן עקיא (ed. Bub. פנייא מן עקתא אנא) I am restless on account of troubles. ↗ expanded
פַּנְיָא (פְּנֵי; sub. דרמשא or דשמשא) afternoon, sunset, evening; first part of the night. Targ. O. Gen. XLIX, 27. Targ. Y. Lev. VII, 16. Targ. Y. Deut. VI, 7; a. e.—B. Mets. 49ᵃ אפ׳ דמעלי שבתא הוה it was on a Friday towards evening. Yoma 14ᵇ ולפ׳ מדו ליה and towards evening they sprinkle upon him; ib. 19ᵃ לבהדי פ׳, להדי פ׳; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּנִיּוּתָא (פְּנֵי; cmp. פְּנַאי) turning away from everything, special business. Targ. Y. Lev. XX, 6 (cmp. פָּנָה); ib. 3 (פְּנוּיָי׳); 5; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּנְיָיסPaneas (Cæsaræa Philippi, modern Bânias), a city in the north of Palestine. Targ. Y. I Num. XXXIV, 11 מערת פניאס (not סניאס); (Y. II אפמים, אפמיס; ib. 10 אפמיאה, אפמיאם, v. אַפַּמְיָא). Targ. Cant. V, 4 פָּמִיאַס (some ed. פָּמְיַס). Targ. I Chr. XXI, 2 (h. text דן).—Y. Shebi. IX, 38ᵈ bot. דיקליטינוס אעיק לבני פנ׳ Diocletian oppressed the inhabitants of P. Y. Dem. II, 22ᵈ top. Gen. R. s. 63 נחת … בהדא פנ׳ (Var. פמ׳) he (Diocletian) came down and made his stay at P. Meg. 6ᵃ; Bekh. 55ᵃ לשם זו פמ׳ Leshem is P.; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 14 ליש זו פ׳ Layish is P.; Pirké d’R. EI. ch. XXVII דן הוא פ׳ Dan is P.; Midr. Sam. ch. XXXII (ref. to דנה, II Sam. XXIV, 6) דנה פ׳. Gen. R. s. 33 מעיין … מערת פ׳ the spring … of the cavern of P.; Bekh. l. c. ירדן יוצא ממערת פ׳ the Jordan issues from the cavern of P.; B. Bath. 74ᵇ.—Yalk. Deut. 820 (Moses prays) אכנס לה במחילה … מתחת לפַמְיָס let me enter Palestine by the cave of Cæsarion, which is below P.; Mekh. B’shall., ʿĂmal., s. 2 לפניי ולפנים (corr. acc.); a. fr.—Tanḥ. Naso 10; Num. R. s. 11 (ref. to Num. VI, 24) יברכד … וישמרך שלא תהא עשוי במדינת פ׳ וכ׳ the Lord bless thee with wealth, and guard thee, that thou be not forced (to take office) in the city (or district) of P., and no zimia (v. זִימְיָא) be decreed over the city, and they say to thee, give gold (a reference to Roman extortions, v. supra). ↗ expanded
פָּנִים c. pl. (b. h.; front, face; countenance, person. Pesik. Baḥod., p. 110ᵃ, a. e. (פ׳ זעופות) פ׳ זועפות, v. זָעַף. Mekh. B’shall., Vayassʿa, s. 2; Yalk. Ex. 258, v. חָשׁוּךְ. Gen. R. s. 91 (ref. to Gen. XLI, 56) אין פְּנֵי הארץ אלא עשירים ‘the face of the land’ means the wealthy; בזמן שאדם עשיר יש לו פ׳ שמחים וכ׳ when a man is rich, he has a countenance which is glad to see his friend, but when he is poor אין לו פ׳ לראות וכ׳ he has not the face to see (his friend), because he is ashamed &c. Keth. 7ᵇ והוא שבאו פ׳ חדשות provided a new face appears, i.e., a person that has not attended the wedding festivities before this. Ib. 8ᵃ אי איכא פ׳ חדשות if there is a new guest.—B. Kam. 96ᵇ פ׳ חדשות באו לכאן things have assumed a new face, i.e. the object after its transmutation is no longer the same as the one stolen; a. v. fr.—נשא פ׳; גלה פ׳ &c., v. נָשָׂא, גָּלָה &c.—Cant. R. to VII, 9 מהדרין פ׳, v. פָּנָה.—לחם הפ׳, v. לֶחֶם.—Euphem. פ׳ של מטה, or פ׳ pudenda. Sabb. 41ᵃ. Ber. 24ᵃ יכולה לכסות פָּנֶיהָ וכ׳ she can cover her nakedness &c. Nidd. 14ᵇ; a. fr.—Trnsf. aspect, manner, way of interpretation. Cant. R. to II, 4 התורה שנדרשת מ"ט פ׳ טהור ומ"ט פ׳ טמא the Torah on the laws of which arguments are held, forty-nine in favor of ‘clean’ (permitted), and forty nine in favor of ‘unclean’ (forbidden); Num. R. s. 2 תורה שהיא נדרשת מ"ט פ׳ the Torah which is interpreted in forty-nine ways; a. fr.—לְפָ׳ a) for appearance sake, formally. Meg. 12ᵃ הם לא עשו אלא לפ׳ … אלא לפ׳ they (in bowing to the idol) acted merely for show (yielding to force), so the Lord dealt with them merely formally (not in full earnest, ref. to Lam. III, 33).—b) in front; (of time) before this, in the past. Ḥag. II, 1 מה לפ׳ ומה לאחור what was before (creation), and what will be in the future (when the world will be no more; Gen. R. s. 1 מה בי"ת זה סתום … ופתוח מִלְּפָנָיו וכ׳ as the letter ב (of בראשית, Gen. I, 1) is closed on all sides and open in front, so art thou not permitted to ask what is above and what is below, what was before and what will be hereafter; [oth. opin. מה לפ׳ ומה לאחור what is in the extreme east beyond the sphere, and what in the west; v., however, Rashi Hag. l. c. (Ḥag. 11ᵇ), a. Ḥag. 16ᵃ].—Ber. 5ᵇ לפני מטתי in front of my bed, expl. סמוך למיטתי immediately after rising. Ib. 7ᵃ, a. fr. יהי רצון מִלְּפָנֶיךָ (abbrev. יהר"מ may it be thy will. Ib. יהי רצון מִלְּפָנַי may it be my will. Ib. שלשה דברים בקש משה מִלִּפְנֵי וכ׳ for three things Moses prayed I before the Lord. Ib. I, 4 שתים לְפָנֶיהָ two benedictions preceding it (the reading of the Sh’mʿa); a. v. fr.—Sifra Vayikra, Ḥobah, Par. 13, ch. XXIII אמש ושֶׁלְּפָנָיו ושֶׁלִּפְנֵי פנָיו yesterday and the day before yesterday, and the day before that.—לִפְנֵי עִוֵּר (also לפני only, v. עִוֵּר I) the law prohibiting an act which may lead a person to sin (Lev. XIX, 14). Ab. Zar. 14ᵃ וליחוש … אל׳ מפקדינן אל׳ דל׳ לא וכ׳ (Ms. M. אל׳ עור) but should we not apprehend, that he might sell (the incense) to others, who will burn it for idols? Said A., we are commanded to guard against an act directly leading to sin, but not against one that may indirectly cause sin; ib. 21ᵃ.—מִפְּנֵי for the sake of, on account of; מפני ש־because. Sabb. II, 5 מ׳ שהוא מתיירא מ׳ גוים וכ׳ because he is afraid of invaders, of robbers, or of an evil wind. Ber. I, 3 וסכנתי בעצמי מ׳ וכ׳, v. סָכַן II. Ib. 3ᵃ מ׳ מה נכנסת וכ׳ why didst thou enter these ruins? Ib. מ׳ שלשה דברים for three reasons; מ׳ חשד because you give cause to suspicion; מ׳ המפולת because debris may fall on you; מ׳ המזיקין on account of demons; a. v. fr.—בִּפְנֵי in the presence of. Ib.ᵇ ב׳ המת in the presence of a dead person. Ib. 31ᵇ המורה הלכה ב׳ רבו he who gives a decision in his teacher’s presence; a. v. fr.—Kidd. 64ᵇ הנודר עד פְּנֵי פסח וכ׳; Ned. VIII, 2 הנודר עד לִפְנֵי הפסח וכ׳ if one says in his vow, ‘until p’né (lifné) Passover’, R. M. says, he is bound until Passover begins; R. J. says, until it is passed; Kidd. 65ᵃ, v. פְּנֵי I. ↗ expanded
פְּנִים v. I Kings VI, 29; preced., cmp. ἐνώπια) [that which is in front of you when you enter,] inside, interior; לִפְנַי (וְ)לִפְ׳ the innermost. Tosef. Yom. II, 5 היו מסיקין מבחוץ והיה נאפה ונרדה מבפ׳ they heated the oven towards the outside (placed the fuel in front), and it (the show-bread) was baked and shoveled out from the interior; Yoma 38ᵃ, v. נָסַק. B. Mets. 16ᵃ זו אינה צריכה לפ׳ this (question) need not be brought inside (the college); צריכה לפ׳ ולפני לפ׳ it must be brought inside and even to the innermost. Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵇ bot. יכנס … לפ׳ let R. Ḥ. the elder go into the interior (to the front benches); לפ׳ ממני in front of me?; ר׳ … לפ׳ ור׳ ישמעאל … לפני לפ׳ R. Ḥ. … to the interior, R. I. … to the innermost (the very first); Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵃ bot. לפני ולפ׳. Y. Yeb. VI, 7ᶜ אחותו לעולם היא (מִ)בִּפְ׳ וכ׳ a priest’s sister is always inside (a member of the priestly family), until she steps outside (by marriage). Sabb. I, 1; a. v. fr.—לפ׳ משורת הדין, v. דִּין II.—Esp. the Temple precincts, the Temple and the priests’ court; לפני ולפ׳the innermost, Holy of Holies. Ab. Zar. 50ᵃ בעינא כעין פ׳ (for a gift to an idol to be permanently forbidden for use, even after cancellation,) it is required that it be like the offerings in the interior Temple (sacrifices, incense &c., to the exclusion of votive gifts like candles, jewels &c.). Men. 9ᵃ לא בעיא בפ׳ must not necessarily be done within the Temple precincts, opp. to חוץ לחומת העזרה. Ib. נהי … פ׳ מיהת בעיא although it may be done by a non-priest, it must at least be done within &c. Y. Yoma V, 42ᵇ bot. כלפי לפ׳ towards the interior; a. fr.—Ib.; Y. Kil. VIII, 31ᶜ bot. מהו מבפ׳ (מהו) מבחוץ does it belong inside (to the Holy of Holies) or outside (to the Holy)?, v. טְרַקְסִין. ↗ expanded
פְּנִימוֹןP’nimon. Y. Ter. III, end, 42ᵇ אבא פ׳ Abba P.—Num. R. s. 9 (Tosef. Sot. I, 1 Var. ed. Zuck.; Sot. 4ᵃ פלימו, Y. ib. I, 16ᶜ bot. מיניימין). ↗ expanded
פְּנִימִיinner, interior, innermost, central. Erub. 65ᵇ ישראל ונכרי בפ׳ וכ׳ if an Israelite and a gentile live in the inner court, and an Israelite in the outer court. Ib. פ׳ במקומו מהו dare the resident of the inner court move things within its precincts? Tanḥ. Naso 5 פתח את הפ׳ וכ׳ he opened the central door and went to the outer room. Zeb. 51ᵃ, a. fr. מזבה הפ׳ the inner altar (in the Holy); a. v. fr.—Gen. R. s. 21 (ref. to פלמוני, Dan. VIII, 13) תרגם עקילס לפ׳ … לפנים ממלאכי וכ׳ Aquila translated it ‘to him who was inside’, which means Adam whose partitioned seat was in front of the ministering angels (v. פְּנִים); Yalk. Dan. 1066.—Pl. פְּנִימִיִּים; f. פְּנִימִיּוֹת. Zeb. 52ᵇ דמים הפ׳ blood to be sprinkled in the Holy; שיריים הפ׳ the remnants of blood sprinkled in the Holy. Tam. I, 4; Y. Yoma II, 39ᶜ, v. אָכַל; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּנִּיקְטִין (παννύκτοι = παννύχιοι, S.) all-night watches (pervigilia), in gen. camps. Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 30 מפַּנִּיקְטֵיהוֹן Ar. a. Ms. (ed. מִפַּנְקְטֵי׳, ed. Wil. מְפַ׳, corr. acc.).—Lev. R. s. 1 היו אומות העולם … מתוך פַּנִּיקְטֵיהֶן (some ed. פַּנּוּקְ׳) the nations were in danger of hearing the voice of divine revelation and being frightened out of their camps (Tanḥ. T’rum. 9 לתוך אהליהם), v. תָּרַז.—Gen. R. s. 16 in three things Greece was in advance of Rome, בנימוסין ובפניקטין וכ׳ Ar. (Ms. Paris בפנקיטין, ed. בפנקיסין, בפנקיסון, corr. acc.) in laws, in the arrangements of camp vigils &c. ↗ expanded
פְּנַךְ , Pa. פַּנֵּיךְ to drive on, speed. Targ. Jud. V, 22.—Part. pass. מְפַנַּךְ, pl. מְפַנְּכִין. Targ. Nah. III, 2. Targ. Jer. LI, 27. ↗ expanded
פָּנָס (φανός) torch; lantern. Kel. II, 4 פ׳ שיש בו וכ׳ a lantern which contains a receptacle for oil; Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. VII, 11 פ׳ של זכוכית וכ׳ a glass lantern &c. (v. פוקטו). Tosef. Ber. VI (V), 7 פָאנָס ed. Zuck. (Var. פנס); Ber. 53ᵇ; Y. ib. VIII, 12ᵇ bot. Ex. R. s. 15 היה נוטל הפ׳ וכ׳ he (the Lord) took the torch and carried light before them (ref. to Ex. XIII, 21). Ex. R. s. 25 בשר ודם תלמוד טוען פ׳ וכ׳ among human beings, the pupil carries the light before his teacher; not so the Lord &c.; a. fr.—Pl. פְּנָסִין. Gen. R. s. 3, beg. הדליק נרות ופ׳ lighted lamps and torches. Ib. s. 68 כבו את הנרות כבו הפ׳ put out the lamps, put out the torches. Koh. R. to XII, 7 הדליק נרות ופ׳ לשמה וכ׳ he lighted lamps and torches in the name of Rome (as an augury for a war against Rome), and they would not burn; a. e. ↗ expanded
פנסטה , Y. B. Bath. VIII, 16ᵃ בעי מימר פ׳, read: פְּשָׁטֵיה, v. פְּשָׁטָא↗ expanded
פנע , Y. Maasr. II, 49ᵈ לפנע ed. Krot., v. פָּנָהPi.—Targ. Jer. XXIII, 29, v. נְפַע. ↗ expanded
פָּנַק [to go out,] to be a freeman; to live in luxury (cmp. חָטָא I). Pi. פִּנֵּקto treat as a freeman, to indulge, spoil by indulgence. Gen. R. s. 22 (ref. to Prov. XXIX, 21) שמְפַנֵּק וכ׳, v. מָנוֹן; Yalk. Prov. 962 (ib. 961 ממתק). to treat tenderly; to cultivate, improve, embellish. Sifré Deut. 306 מְפַנְּקִים; Yalk. ib. 942, v. עָדַן; a. e.—Part. pass. מְפוּנָּק delicately reared. Mekh. Mishp. s. 8, v. עָדַן; Yalk. Ex. 339. Lev. R. s. 19 היה מפ׳ ומת בידם he was delicate (unused to hardship), and died under their hands. ↗ expanded
פְּנַקPa.פַּנֵּיקsame. Targ. Is. XXIII, 4. Targ. Esth. II, 9. Ib. 12; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְפַנַּק q. v.—V. אִסְפְּנִיקָא. Ithpa. אִתְפַּנֵּק,Ithpe. אִתְפְּנֵיקto delight one’s self. Targ. Ps. XXXVII, 4; 11; a. fr. to play the nobleman, be imperious. Targ. Prov. XXIX, 21 מִתְפְּנֵיק מן וכ׳ he who plays the gentleman in his youth, will become a servant and finally be driven out (h. text מְפַנֵּק). ↗ expanded
פַּנְקְרִיסִין (πάγχρυσος) [all-gold,] name of a fruit, prob. apricots. Y. Sot. I, 17ᵇ top יפה מפ׳ וכ׳ … better were the late fruits … than the apricots &c.; ib. IX, 24ᵇ bot.; (Y. Peah VII, 20ᵃ bot. מפרסקין). Y. Sabb. III, 5ᵈ וטעמן יפה כפ׳ and their taste was as delicious as that of apricots; Y. Ter. II, 41ᶜ bot. (corr. acc.).—Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵈ פ׳ … שלהן apricots pressed by gentiles (prob. to be read, as Bab. Ab. Zar. 38ᵇ; Tosef. ib. IV (V), 11 קַפְרִיסִין). ↗ expanded
פַּנְתֵּיר (πάνθηρ) panther or leopard.—Pl. פַּנְתֵּירִין, פַּנְתֵּרִין. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXVIII, 45 (expl. ערב ib.) מין חיה הוא ושמה פ׳ והביאן וכ׳ (not והביאו) it is a species of wild beasts named leopards, and the Lord sent them &c.; Yalk. ib. 820. ↗ expanded
פַּס 2strip, stripe.—Pl. פַּסִּים, פַּסִּין. Gen. R. s. 84 (ref. to Gen. XXXVII, 3 sq., a. Ps. LXVI, 5 sq.; v. עֲלִּילָה) why ‘did they hate him’? That (in the course of events it should come about that) שיקרע הים לפניהם פ׳ פ׳ the sea be rent before them in strips (ed. Wil. פׄסׄיׄםׄ פס יםpassim alludes to ‘strip of the sea’).—Esp. (cmp. פֶּרֶק) פס יד, palm, the hand from the wrist to the tip of the finger; פס רגלthe foot to the ankle, interch. with פִּסַּת, פִּיסַּת (constr. of פִּסָּה). Ib. (expl. פסים, Gen. l. c.) שהיתה מגעת עד פס ידו the coat reached with its sleeves to his wrist; שהיתה … בפס ידו it was very fine and light, and could be (compressed and) hidden in his hand (cmp. מַלְמֵלָה). Meg. IV, 8 (24ᵇ) נתנה … על פס ידו וכ׳ if he placed the T’fillin on his forehead or on his palm. Yoma 87ᵃ (play on הׄתׄרׄפׄסׄ, Prov. VI, 3) [read:] אם ממון יש לו בידך הׄתׄר לו פׄסׄת יד וכ׳ if thou owest him (whom thou hast wronged) money, untie thy hand to him (pay him), if not (if thou hast otherwise wronged him), get several friends around him (to ask his pardon in their presence); B. Mets. 115ᵃ; B. Bath. 173ᵇ; Yalk. Prov. 938. Gen. R. s. 78 (play on מׄתׄרׄפׄס ברׄצׄי, Ps. LXIV, 31) מׄתׄירׄ את הפׄסׄ ומׄתׄרׄצׄה בכסף he (Edom-Rome) opens his hand (for bribery), and is appeased with silver; Ex. R. s. 35 מתרת את הפס וכ׳ she (Rome) opens &c.; Yalk. Ps. 800 שפושטין פסת יד … ואין עושין רׄצׄון וכ׳ they stretch forth their hand to accept silver, and then do not what the givers desire; Pes. 118ᵇ שפושטין פסת יד וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שפושטין יד). Yoma 47ᵃ על פ׳ ידו up to his wrist, v. חָפָה; Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., ch. X, Par. 9 חופה את פס ידו וכ׳ he bends his hand (grabbing) in the pan &c. Ohol. I, 8 שלשים בפס הרגל thirty joints in the foot. Yalk. Sam. 143 חלילה … פ׳ יד ופ׳ רגל ועקב מגולין never were their wrists or their feet or their heels seen uncovered; Midr. Sam. ch. XXV (corr. acc.); a. fr. partition, board, barrier. Erub. 5ᵃ אם יש שם פם ארבעה if a bar of four handbreadths is left or placed above the breach. Ib. 10ᵇ עושה פם גבוה עשרה וכ׳ he cuts a board ten handbreadths high and four cubits long &c.; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Ib. II, 1 עושין פ׳ לביראות וכ׳ you must place partitions around watering stations in the shape of four cornerpieces &c., v. דְּיוֹמַד. Ib. 11ᵃ פַּסֵּי ביראות the partitions of watering stations; a. fr.—[Maasr. I, 7, v. פַּץ.] pl. (v. ) tax; פַּסֵּי העיר town tax (used for maintaining the safety of the town). Tosef. Peah IV, 9 לפ׳ העיר לשנים וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (ed. לעניי, corr. acc.) in order to be assessed for the town tax one must have been a resident for twelve months; B. Bath. 8ᵃ; Y. Peah VIII, 21ᵃ bot. לפסין ולצדקות for the town tax and for the charities, expl. for the salaries of public school teachers; Y. B. Bath. I, beg. 12ᵈ לפסים ולזימיות for town tax and town fines. ↗ expanded
פַּסstrip, stripe.—Pl. פַּסֵּי. Targ. O. Gen. XXXVII, 3; 23 (ed. Berl. פָּסֵי, פַּסֵי). Targ. II Sam. XIII, 18 (ed. Wil. פַּסֵי). פ׳ ידא palm; פס רגלאfoot, v. פִּיסְּתָא. piece, portion; bread. Bekh. 43ᵇ, v. סְקִיפַס. Lam. R. to III, 16 Ar., v. פְּטִילִיק.—Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵇ bot., v. פִּיסְּתָא. (from its shape, cmp. כַּף) spade or shovel. Lev. R. s. 24; s. 25 Ar., v. מַכּוֹשָׁא II.— פ׳ דביר (v. preced.) watering station. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXIII, 3 ושריין כמין פ׳ דב׳ (not דבַר) and they rest as it were at a watering station; (Y. II על פום דבירוי). ↗ expanded
פְּסָאקָאP’saḳa, surname of one R. Yitsḥaḳ. Lam. R. to I, 9 ר׳ יצחק פ׳ (Yalk. Is. 302 יצחק פסיקתא); cmp. פַּסְקַת. ↗ expanded
פָּסַג , Pi.פִּסֵּגto divide, branch off; denom. פְּסִיגָה. Par. XI, 9 מְפַסְּגוֹ ואוגדו he severs the stalks of hyssop and ties them; פְּסָגוֹ ולא אגדו if he severed, but failed to tie them. (denom. of פְּסִיגָה) to cut off sprays, to thin. B. Kam. 119ᵇ מְפַסְּגֵי אילנות ומפסגי גפנים (Ms. F. ומפסיקי; Ar. ומפסקי) those hired to thin trees or vines; (Tosef. ib. XI, 18 מפסקי גפנים only). M. Kat. 3ᵃ אין מְפַסְּגִין באילן you must not thin trees (during the festive week; Rashi: support the branches); a. e.—Tosef. B. Mets. II, 28, v. infra. Hif. הִפְסִיגto cut one’s way through branches, pass through woods, vineyards &c., trespass; to lead through thickets &c. B. Kam. 81ᵇ התועה … מַפְסִיג ויורד מפסיג ועולה וכ׳ if one loses his way in vineyards, he may cut his way through up and down &c.; הרואה … מפסיג וכ׳ he who sees a fellowman lost in vineyards, may make a way for him … until he brings him &c.; Tosef. B. Mets. II, 28 מְפַסְּגוֹ בשדות וכ׳ may lead him through fields and vineyards. Ib. הוא עצמו … מפסיג וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (ed. מפסג) he who is lost himself may make his way &c. ↗ expanded
פְּסַגto divide, cut apart. Targ. Y. Gen. XV, 10 (O. פלג, h. text בתר). Ib. XXVI, 31. Targ. Y. Lev. I, 6; a. e.—Part. pass. פָּסִיג. Gen. R. s. 100 פ׳ תִּרְעָךְ may thy ill-luck be broken (no more evil befall thee,—which allowing the meaning ‘may thy gate (תַּרְעָא) be broken’, is corrected to יסוג תורעך, v. סוּג ch.). to break through a snare, escape. Gen. R. s. 79 כד שמע … פַּסְגָּא when R. S. heard the heavenly voice say demos (v. דִּימוֹס II), it (the bird) escaped; Yalk. ib. 133 פשגא (Ar. הות פשגה).—B. Kam. 81ᵇ דנִיפְסוֹג that he may be permitted to break through (the vineyard), v. preced.Pa. פַּסֵּיג,Af. אַפְסֵיגto divide. Targ. Y. Lev. I, 12 יַפְסֵיג (some ed. יְפַסֵּיג; ed. Vien. פַּיְסֵג, corr. acc.). Targ. Y. I. Ex. XXIX, 17 תַּפְסֵיג (Y. II תְּפַסֵּג; ed. Vien. תְּפַסֵּק).—Lam. R. to V, 5 מְפַסֵּג ליה וכ׳ (ed. Wil. מפסל, corr. acc.) he cut him up limb by limb. ↗ expanded
פַּסְגָּא c. (preced.) piece, part. Targ. Y. Gen. XXVI, 31. Ib. XV, 10.—Pl.פַּסְגִּין, פִּסְ׳, פִּסְגַּיָּא, פִּי׳. Ib. Targ. Y. Ex. XXIX, 17; a. e.—Fem. pl. פִּסְגָּתָא, פִּי׳. Y. Ned. IV, 38ᵈ top (expl. תמחוי החוזר) פ׳ cut portions on the plate. ↗ expanded
פִּסְגָּה (preced. wds., v. פְּסִיגָה) branch, bough, opp. to אשכול the trunk with the grape clusters. the trunk with the grape clusters. (b. h.) pr. n. Pisgah, the summit of Mount Nebo. Sifré Deut. 357 (ref. to XXXIV, 1) מה פ׳ זו מופרשת מן האשכול ואינה מופרשת וכ׳ as the branch is separate from the trunk, yet not detached, so was Moses’ grave &c., v. תָאַם; Yalk. ib. 963. ↗ expanded
פָּסַדto cut, diminish; פָּסֵד (cmp. פגם, פסל) to lose in value, deteriorate. Y. Maasr. V, beg. 51ᶜ שהן פְּסֵידִין because they spoil; חטין אינן פ׳ wheat does not spoil. Hif. הִפְסִידto suffer loss, to lose, be at a disadvantage. B. Mets. III, 4, sq. אם כן מה ה׳ הרמאי if this is the law, what does the dishonest man lose (what risk does he run to prevent him from claiming more than his due)? Ber. I, 2 הקורא … לא ה׳ he who reads the Sh’mʿa after this, loses nothing; expl. ib. 10ᵇ לא ה׳ ברכות he does not lose the benedictions (he may recite the benedictions preceding and following the Sh’mʿa as usual). Y. ib. I, 2ᵇ top אין תפלה מַפְסֶדֶת a prayer never loses its value. Gen. R. s. 70 נדרו והִפְסִידוּ vowed and suffered thereby. Keth. XIII, 3 אדמון אומר … הִפְסַרְתִּי upon which Admon said, shall I be at a disadvantage, because I am a male heir?; a. fr. to injure, cause loss to. Tosef. Bets. II, 6 שמא יַפְסִידוּ את וכ׳ lest they do harm to the inhabitants; a. e.—[Y. Ber. IX, 14ᵇ bot. והפסיד אלא, read: והפשיר עמו, v. פָּשַׁר.] Nif. נִפְסַדto lose. Pes. 50ᵇ יש זריז ונ׳, v. זָרִיז; Tosef. Yeb. IV, 8 ומַפְסִיד (Hif.). ↗ expanded
פְּסַדto be diminished, scarce. Targ. Y. Gen. XLVII, 16 (h. text) אפס). to diminish, destroy. Targ. Ps. XLIV, 3 (ed. Lag. שלח). to ruin, spoil. Pes. 55ᵇ פַּסְדָא לה ביעי לגמרי she (the hatching hen) has spoiled the eggs entirely (made them unfit to be eaten).—Part. pass. פָּסֵיד. Ib. אכתי לא פְסֵידֵי ביעי וכ׳ (Ms. M. פסיד לה ביעא; Ms. K. לא פַסְדָּה לה) the eggs are not yet entirely spoiled. Af. אַפְסַד, אַפְסֵידto injure; to spoil, ruin. Keth. 56ᵃ איהו הוא דא׳ אנפשיה he brought the loss upon himself. B. Bath. 139ᵇ אינהו אַפְסִידוּ אנפשייהו they brought the loss &c. Sabb. 108ᵇ אַפְסוּדֵי קא מַפְסִידְנָא ליה (by salting the radish) I vitiate it. Keth. 61ᵇ אַפְסְדַת לסעודתא וכ׳ (Rashi: אַפְסַדְתָּא) thou hast spoiled the king’s meal. B. Mets. 117ᵇ כמה מַפְסְדָה עלייה בבית Ar. (ed. מפסיד, corr. acc.) by how much does the upper story impair (the durability of) the lower story?; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּסוּגָא (פְּסַג) piece.—Pl. פְּסוּגַיָּא. Targ. Y. Ex. XII, 40; Targ. I Chr. VII, 21 ביני פ׳ at the covenant between the pieces, v. בְּתָרִים; Targ. Y. I. Lev. XXVI, 42 פִּיסּוּגַיָּא. ↗ expanded
פְּסוֹל (denom. of פָּסוּל) to be or become disqualified, unfit. Men. 100ᵃ ליפסל ליקדוש ולִיפְסוֹל (strike out ליפסל, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) let it become sacred (by being put in a sacred vessel) and subsequently become unfit (when it becomes overdue); ib.ᵇ; Yoma 29ᵇ תקדוש ותִפְסוֹל; a. e.—V. פְּסַל. ↗ expanded
פָּסוּל (פָּסַל; cmp. פגם) defective, blemished, unfit, disqualified, opp. כשר. Zeb. II, 1 נשפך ואספו פ׳ … if the blood was spilt over the pavement, and one collects it again, it is unfit for sprinkling. Ib. 3, v. פִּיגּוּל. Ḥull. I, 4 שחיטתו פ׳ his slaughtering act is illegitimate (the animal so slaughtered is forbidden to be eaten). Ib. כשר בשחיטה פ׳ במליקה וכ׳ what is right in slaughtering, is illegal in pinching (the neck) &c. Zeb. III, 2 קבל הכשר ונתן לפ׳ if a person qualified for the service received the blood and handed it to one disqualified. Gen. R. s. 70 אליעזר פְּסוּל הבית היה וכ׳ Eliezer was the disqualified (servant) of the house, and yet it is written &c. Kidd. IV, 6 פ׳ מן הכהונה לעולם is forever unfit for priesthood (his female descendants are forbidden to priests); בתו פ׳ לכהונה his daughter cannot marry a priest; a. v. fr.—Pl. פְּסוּלִים, פְּסוּלִין; פְּסוּלוֹת. Snh. III, 3 אלו הן הפ׳ the following are disqualified (for judges or witnesses). Gitt. IX, 4 שלשה גטין פ׳ three kinds of letters of divorce are invalid. Zeb. III, 1 כל הפ׳ ששחטו וכ׳ if any of those unfit for priestly service did the slaughtering, his act is legal. Kidd. 77ᵃ כל שנולדה מן הפ׳ born of disqualified parents; מאי פ׳ אילימא פ׳ לו what do you mean by ‘disqualified’? Do you mean disqualified (forbidden in marriage) to him (the father)? Ib. פְּסוּלֵי כהונה persons disqualified for the priesthood (degraded priests). Y. ib. III, 64ᶜ כשרין הוזהרו על הפ׳ וכ׳ qualified persons are cautioned (in the Law) not to marry disqualified women, … but qualified women are not forbidden to marry disqualified men. Shek. VII, 7 הקינין הפ׳ consecrated birds that became disqualified (or unavailable) for sacrificial purposes. Bekh. V, 1, a. fr. פסולי המוקדשים dedicated objects which became unfit for the purpose to which they were dedicated; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּסוּל (preced.) blemish, disqualification. Yoma I, 1 שמא יארע בו פ׳ because something might happen that would disqualify him for the service of the day. Pes. 56ᵃ שמא … יש במיטתי פ׳ is there perhaps, which God forbid, a blemish in my couch (an unworthy person among my descendants)? Tosef. Mikv. I, 19, a. e. מקוה פְּסוּלוֹ בעצמו a bath (that has become unfit for ritual purposes) has its unfitness in itself; בן גרושה … שפסולו באחרים whereas the son of a divorced woman (married to a priest) owes his disqualification to others (his parents). Ib. פסולו ביחיד his (its) unfitness is caused by a single person; פסולו בבית דין by a court; Mikv. III, 1 לעולם הוא בפסולו וכ׳ it remains in its condition of unfitness until &c. Zeb. VIII, 3 אין מביאין קדשים לבית הפ׳ we must not wittingly cause sacred meat to be brought to the place where the unfit things are burnt. Ib. X, 7 שלא יביא … לידי פ׳ for one must not cause T’rumah to become unfit; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּסוּלָא 1same. Targ. Y. I Gen. XXII, 10 (ed. Vien. פְּסוּלָה). Targ. Y. I Deut. VI, 4. Targ. II Sam. XXII, 27, v. פְּסִילָא; a. e.—Keth. 62ᵇ חס ושלום פ׳ איכא is there, which God forbid, a blemish in the family?—Pl. פְּסוּלַיָּיא. Y. Kidd. III, 64ᵈ top הב דעתך דאית תמן מן אינון פ׳ וכ׳ be careful, for disqualifications (persons disqualified for intermarriage) are there, that thou connect not thyself with them. ↗ expanded
פְּסוּלָא 2 (פְּסַל) chip, block. Targ. Is. LI, 1. (v. next art.) worthless matter, dross. Ib. I, 22 (h. text סיגים). Targ. Ez. XXII, 18 פְּסוּלַת constr.; a. e.—Pl. m. פְּסוּלַיָּיא. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 119 ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. סוּלַיָּא; h. text סגים). ↗ expanded
פְּסוֹלֶת (פָּסַל) chips, stone-dust. Y. Shek. V, 49ᵃ bot. פסל לך שתהא הפ׳ שלך ‘hew for thyself’ (Ex. XXXIV, 1) that the chips be thine; Ned. 38ᵃ פְּסוֹלְתָּן שלך their chips be thine. Ib.; Y. Shek. l. c. מפ׳ של לוחית העשיר וכ׳ Moses became rich from the chips of the tablets; a. e. refuse, base metal, worthless matter. Sabb. 138ᵃ נוטל אוכל ומניח את הפ׳ he takes up what is eatable, and leaves the refuse. Ib. פ׳ למעלה וכ׳ (when you sift,) the refuse is on the surface, and the eatable peas are at the bottom. Num. R. s. 16 שהפ׳ שלה משובח וכ׳ the inferior soil of Palestine was much superior to the best of &c. Ib. שכן התגרין מראין את הפ׳ וכ׳ so the merchants show the inferior goods first &c. Y. Gitt. I, 43ᵈ top (ref. to מקצות, I Kings XII, 31) מן הקוצים שבעם ומן הפ׳ וכ׳ of the thorns among the people, the refuse &c. Sifré Deut. 312 יצא ממנו פ׳ (sub. זרע) unworthy offspring came from him; Gen. R. s. 68; a. fr.—Pl. פְּסוֹלוֹת. Num. R. s. 7, beg., v. סָנַן. ↗ expanded
פָּסוּק (פָּסַק) [division, interval,] Biblical verse. Yeb. 16ᵇ פ׳ זה שר וכ׳ this verse (Ps. XXXVII, 25) has been said by the archangel of the world. Snh. 99ᵃ אפי׳ אמר … חוץ מפ׳ זה even if one says, the whole Torah is from heaven, except this one verse; a. v. fr.—Pl. פְּסוּקִים, פְּסוּקִין. Taan. 27ᵇ הקורא בתורה … משלשה פ׳ he who reads from the Law, must read no less than three verses. Meg. 22ᵃ אין מתחילין בפרשה … פ׳ in reading from a section of the Torah you must not begin with less than three verses, i.e. you must begin with at least the fourth verse from the beginning of the section. Kidd. 30ᵃ חמשת … פ׳ הוו פְסוּקֵי ספר תורה וכ׳ the number of verses of the Book of the Law (Pentateuch) is 5888; ib. והתגלח (חציין) של פ׳ the verse beginning with v’hithgallaḥ (Lev. XIII, 33) marks the middle of the verses of the Pentateuch; Yalk. Deut. 855 (needs emend.). Lev. R. s. 6 בארי לא נתנבא אלא שני פ׳ וכ׳ Beeri prophesied no more than two verses, … and they were attached to the book of Isaiah; a. v. fr.—[Sifré Num. 131 מתחת פסוקין, v. פְּסִיקְיָא.] ↗ expanded
פְּסוּקָא Taan. 27ᵇ כל פ׳ דלא פסקיה וכ׳ you must not divide a verse which Moses has not divided, i.e. in reading you must not stop in the middle of a verse; Meg. 22ᵃ. Ib. 25ᵃ דאמר פ׳ פ׳ וכ׳ (Ms. M. פ׳ only) when he recites each verse (of the Sh’mʿa) and repeats it; Ber. 33ᵇ פְּסוּקָה פסוקה. Ḥag. 15ᵃ sq. אמר ליה פסוק לי פְּסוּקָךְ he said to a child, tell me thy verse; a. fr.—Pl. פְּסוּקִין, פְּסוּקַיָּא, פְּסוּקֵי. Y. M. Kat. III, 83ᵇ bot. (expl. דלתות, Jer. XXXVI, 23) תלת ארבע פ׳ (ed. Krot. פְּסִיקָן) three or four verses. Kidd. 30ᵃ פ׳ מיהא ליתו וכ׳ let us bring up the Torah and count the verses; בפ׳ נמי לא בקיאינן we (Babylonians) know not even the division of verses. Ib. במערבא פסקי ליה … תלתא פ׳ in Palestine they divided this verse (Ex. XIX, 9) into three verses; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פָּסַח (b. h.) to leap over; to spare. Ex. R. s. 15 שאני פוֹסֵחַ עליכם ומגין וכ׳ I (the Lord) will pass over and protect you. Pes. X, 5 פֶּסַח על שום שפ׳ המקום וכ׳ the Passover lamb is symbolical of the fact that the Lord passed over the houses &c. Nif. נִפְסַח (denom. of פִּסֵּחַ) to become lame. Y. Ber. I, 3ᶜ bot. ונ׳ ונתרפא and became lame, but was cured; Gen. R. s. 39; a. e. ↗ expanded
פסח , Targ. Is. XXXIII, 12 מפסחין, v. פְּסַךְ ↗ expanded
פִּסֵּחַpreced. art.) limping, lame. Sifra Emor ch. II, Par. 3 פ׳ בין חגר וכ׳ ‘lame’ (Lev. XXI, 18), whether lame on both feet or on one. Sifré Deut. 126; a. e.—Pl. פִּסְּחִים, פִּי׳. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXXVI (ref. to II Sam. V, 6) העורים והפ׳ אלו הצלמים ‘the blind and the lame’ means the idols; Yalk. Gen. 82 (with ref. to Ps. CXV, 5-7). ↗ expanded
פֶּסַחpreced. wds.) Passover festival; (sub. זבח) Passover sacrifice, Passover meal. Pes. V, 1 (58ᵃ) חל ערב פ׳ וכ׳ (Mish. ed. ערבי פסחים; Y. ed. ערב פסחים) if the eve of Passover occurred on a Friday. Ib. 2 הפ׳ ששחטו וכ׳ if they slaughtered a Passover lamb not as such. Ib. IX, 9 חבורה שאבדה פִסְחָהּ a party that lost its dedicated Passover lamb. Ib. 5, a. fr. פ׳ מצרים, פ׳ דורות, v. דּוֹר. Ib. 3, a. fr. פ׳ ראשון the first Passover, i.e. that celebrated on the fifteenth of Nisan; פ׳ שני the second (vicarious) Passover, on the eve of the fifteenth of Iyar (Num. IX, 10 sq.); a. v. fr.—Pl. פְּסָחִים. Ib. 10 שתי … שנתערבו פִּסְחֵיהֶן two parties whose Passover sacrifices were mixed up. Ib. X, 6 ונאכל שם … ומן הפ׳ וכ׳ that there we may partake of the offerings and the Passover sacrifices &c.; a. fr.—ערבי (ערב) פ׳, v. supra. Ib. 1; a. fr.—P’saḥim, name of a treatise, of the Order of Moëd, of the Mishnah, Tosefta, Talmud Babli and Y’rushalmi. ↗ expanded
פִּסְחָא Targ. O. Ex. XII, 11. Targ. II Chr. XXX, 18; a. fr.—Y. Sabb. VIII, beg. 11ᵃ שתי ארבעתי כסוי דלילי פ׳ drank the four cups of wine customary at the celebration of the Passover night. Ḥull. 129ᵇ פ׳ זעירא the minor Passover (= פסח שני, v. preced.), the fifteenth of Iyar; פ׳ רבה the great Passover, the fifteenth of Nisan. Pes. 69ᵇ קום מהול ועביד פ׳ go and get circumcised, and partake of the Passover lamb; a. fr.—Pl. פִּסְחַיָּא, פִּי׳. Targ. I Sam. XV, 4 באמרי פ׳ by Passover lambs (h. text בטלאים). ↗ expanded
פָּסָּטוֹן (fossatum, φοσσᾶτον) ditch. Gen. R. s. 46; Yalk. ib. 82 [read with Ar.) עשו לו סיעה פ׳ a band made a ditch for him (as a trap).—Pl. פָּסָּטִין. Yalk. Kings 230, quot. fr. Tanḥ. Thazr. 9 שעשו פטשין … יפלו לתוך הפטשין (corr. acc.) they dug ditches, saying, when the Israelites come to make war, they will fall into the ditches (Tanḥ. l. c. בורות, Var. פטשין; ed. Bub. 12 פיטסים, Mss. פוטיסין, פוטסין, read פוֹסָּטִין).—Cmp. פּוֹסָא. ↗ expanded
פַּסְטְלִין (adapt. of pastilli, as if from פסל or פצל) lozenges, sugar pills. Yalk. Cant. 981; Ex. R. s. 41 פִּיצְטְלִין; cmp. אִיפִּסְטְלִין. ↗ expanded
פסיto spread, be extended. Y. Yoma III, beg. 40ᵇ מאור החמה פּוֹסֶה וכ׳ the light of the sun (dawn) spreads over the whole eastern horizon, opp. מתמר ועולה. Ib. 41ᵃ bot. של בית היתה מתמרת … ופוֹסָה ויורדת וכ׳ … the frankincense of Beth Abtinas rose straight in a colunn and then spread and came down &c.; Y. Shek. V, 49ᵃ top; Cant. R. to I, 14; III, 6. Ib. to IV, 14 (ref. to ואהלות ib.) [read:] (עץ) שהוא פוסה כאהל a tree which spreads like a tent. Gen. R. s. 15 (ref. to עץ החיים, Gen. II, 9) עץ שהוא פוסה על פני וכ׳ a tree which spread over all living things. Neg. IV, 8, a. fr. ופָשְׂתָה וכ׳ and the spot spread &c.; Y. M. Kat. I, 80ᶜ bot. ופָסְתָה; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּסֵי ² (= פסע, פסח) to step. B. Mets. 86ᵇ דלא מציא פַסְיָא קניא (Ms. H. יכלה למיפסע, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 60) which cannot step over a reed (from fatness).—[פסי איית, v. next w.] ↗ expanded
פְּסִיָּאִית adv. (פְּסֵי I, cmp. פִּיסPa.) in a persuasive manner. Targ. Prov. XXV, 11 (some ed. פסי איית, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פְּסִיגָא (פָּסַג; v. פִּסְגָּה) branch, sprig. Ukts. I, 5 פ׳ של אשכול שריקנה (Talm. ed. פסיגא) a sprig of a vine when stripped of its grapes.—Pl. פְּסִיגִין. Tosef. Peah III, 11 (expl. כתף) פ׳ המחוברות וכ׳ (ed. Zuck. בסיגין, Var. סיגין) sprigs which are joined to the trunk one above the other; Y. ib. VII, 20ᵃ bot. פ׳ זו על גבי זו. ↗ expanded
פְּסִידָא (פְּסַד) loss, disadvantage. Targ. Y. Ex. XXII, 14.—B. Mets. 3ᵃ מאי פ׳ אית ליה דלודי what loss can he suffer (through his false claim) that should induce him to confess the truth? (v. פָּסַד). M. Kat. 2ᵃ, sq. במקום פ׳ where there is a loss involved (by the delay); Keth. 60ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פסידתו , Midr. Till. to IX, 1 ed. Bub.; Yalk. ib. 642, v. פַּחְדָּה↗ expanded
פִּסָּיוֹן (פָּסָה) spreading, extension, esp. spreading of a leprous spot (Lev. XIII, 7, a. e.). Neg. I, 3; 5; 6 (פס׳ a. פש׳ interchanging). Ib. III, 4; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּסְיוֹנִי (φασιανός, sub. ὀῤνις) [bird from the river Phasis in Colchis,] pheasant (Phasianus Colchicus). Num. R. s. 7 מי שהיה מתאוה תרנגול או פסיון וכ׳ whoever desired to eat chicken or pheasant, found the taste of it in the manna. Tosef. Kil. I, 8 תרנגול … ופ׳ וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. פסאני, פַּסְיָאנִי) chicken, peacock and pheasant, although resembling one another, are heterogeneous birds; Y. ib. I, 27ᵃ bot. הפוסיוני; Y. B. Kam. V, end, 5ᵃ פי׳; Bab. B. Kam. 55ᵃ (Rashi: partridge). Yoma 75ᵇ (as a species of quail, v. סְלָיו). Kidd. 31ᵃ. Midr. Till. to Ps. IV; a. e.—Pl. פִּסְיוֹנִים, פִּסְיוֹנִין, פִּי׳. Ib. פ׳ וראשי פטומות pheasants and choice of fattened birds; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּסְיוֹנִי ² Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᵈ top, v. טַוָּוסָא.—Pl. פִּסְיוֹנִין, פִּי׳. Gen. R. s. 70 כמה טווסין … כמה פ׳ אית לי (some ed. פּוּסְיָינֵי) how many peacocks, how many pheasants have I!; Koh. R. to VII, 8. Ib. to II, 8 פּוּסְיָאנִין. ↗ expanded
פָּסִילhewn image.— Pl. פְּסִילִים. Y. Ber. IV, 8ᵃ ויחללוה עובדי פ׳ and which idolaters have desecrated. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXX הפ׳ של בית וכ׳ the images of the house of Pharaoh her father; a. e. chisel, v. פְּסִילָה.—[Y. Ned. I, 37ᵃ top; Y. Naz. I, beg. 51ᵃ נזיר פסילים, v. פְּסִילּוֹס.] ↗ expanded
פְּסִילָה (פָּסַל) chisel or gimlet. Y. Kidd. I, 59ᵈ (expl. מרצע, Ex. XXI, 6) זה הפ׳ (some ed. הפָּסִיל), contrad. to מקדח.—[Koh. R. to IX, 11; X, 20 פסילתן, some ed., v. פְּסוֹלֶת.] ↗ expanded
פְּסִילּוֹס (ψελλός) one unable to pronounce certain letters, stammerer. Lev. R. s. 10, beg. והיו קורין אותו פ׳ and they called him (Amos) the stammerer; Yalk. Is. 307, v. עָמַס. Pesik. Naḥămu, p. 125ᵇ his name was Amos שהיה פ׳ בלשונו (not שהיו) because he hesitated in his speech.—Pl. פְּסִילִּים. Y. Ned. I, 37ᵃ top במקום שקוראין לנזיר נזיק … נזיר פ׳ וכ׳ in a place where people say naziḳ for nazir (owing to a dialectical peculiarity), I say so: shall a Nazarite among stammerers not be a Nazarite?; Y. Naz. I, beg. 51ᵃ ↗ expanded
פְּסִילּוֹסָא Pesik. Naḥămu, p. 125ᵇ; Yalk. Is. 307 הניח … על הדין פ׳ על הדין קטיע לישנא did the Lord pass the whole world and let his inspiration rest on this stammerer, this tongueless man?; Koh. R. beg. על הדין קטיע לישנא פ׳; Lev. R. s. 10, beg. Ar. (missing in ed.). ↗ expanded
פְּסִילְיָא (v. next art.) an inferior kind of beans (cmp. פַּיְישׂוֹנָא). Ab. Zar. 38ᵇ היא המטליא היא פ׳ וכ׳ Ar. (Ms. M. פסליא; ed. פשליא) the same law applies to gentile preparations of hemṭalia, psilia and sh’ʿitha, v. הֵמְטַלְיָא a. שְׁעִיתָא. Y. Bets. I, 60ᵈ bot. תורמוסין ופ׳ lupines and psilia (inferior beans); Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵇ ופְסִילְיָין and the inferior beans among them (v. Bab. Sabb. 74ᵃ bot.). ↗ expanded
פְּסִילְתָּא (פְּסַל) [refuse,] name of a bean(h. . Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ top Ar. s. v. פול (R. S. to Kil. I, 1 פְּסִילוּתָא, פשיל׳; ed. פתילת׳, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פְּסִינְתְּיָטוֹן (absinthiatum, sub. vinum) worm-wood-wine. Tanḥ. Vayesheb 8, contrad. to קונדיטון. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵃ top המר פ׳ ‘bitter wine’ is absinthiatum; Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᶜ פסתיגון (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פָּסִיס (פִּיס or פָּסַס) persuasion, good-will, accommodation; שטר פ׳ (not פסים) a deed of sale for accommodation, a feigned transfer (a Hebrew adaptation of πίστις), v. פִּיסְטִיס. peg. Pl. פְּסִיסִין. B. Bath. 2ᵇ Ms. M., v. מְסִיפָס; cmp. פְּסִיסִית. ↗ expanded
פְּסִיסִית (פָּסַס, cmp. פַּס II a. פִּסְפֵּס I) a partition between courts marked off by pegs.—Ps.פְּסִיסִיּוֹת. Y. Erub. IX, beg. 25ᶜ הרי שהיתה החצר חלוקה בפ׳ if the court (common to two parties) is marked off by pegs. ↗ expanded
פְּסִיסְפָּס m. same. Y. Ned. V, beg. 39ᵃ [read:] אם היתה החצר חלוקה בפ׳ (Ab. Zar. 70ᵇ במְסִיפָס), v. preced.↗ expanded
פְּסִיעַ (פְּסַע) bandy-legged, waddling. Targ. Y. Lev. XXI, 18 Ar. (ed. מישתמיט יריכיה; h. text שרוע). ↗ expanded
פְּסִיעָה (פָּסַע) step, walk. Ber. 6ᵇ, a. fr. פ׳ גסה, v. גַּס III. Gen. R. s. 39 ליתן שכר על כל פ׳ ופ׳ to reward him for every step. Koh. R. to VII, 2 ‘and the living shall take it to heart’ (ib.) זה חי העולמים … על כל פ׳ ופ׳ וכ׳ that means the Everliving who rewards man for every step he takes for deeds of charity. Pesik. R. s. 33 (ref. to Is. LI, 14) מן אדם שהוא ממהר בפְסִיעָתוֹ בשביל להיפתח וכ׳ art thou afraid of man who hastens his step to have an opening … and runs with hasty step, that he may not miss his bread?; Yalk. Is. 336; a. fr.—Pl. פְּסִיעוֹת. Yoma 53ᵇ המתפלל צריך שיפסיע שלש פ׳ לאחוריו וכ׳ he who is in prayer (when a person enters), must pass three steps backward (when he ends his prayer), and then turn around to salute. Ib. דפסעי להו שלש פ׳ בכריעה אחת they made the three steps back ward with one bow. Snh. 22ᵃ (he who loses his wife) פְּסִיעוֹתָיו מתקצרות has his steps shortened (his energies broken, with ref. to Job XVIII, 7). Sabb. 63ᵇ שהיו פְסִיעוֹתֵיהֶם גסות who used to make wide steps. Num. R. s. 4; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּסִיעֲתָא Targ. Ps. XVIII, 37; II Sam. XXII, 37; a. e.—Pl. פְּסִיעָתָא, פְּסִיעָן. Targ. Job XIV, 16 (not פְּסִיעוֹתַי). Ib. XXXI, 4; a. fr.—Y. Snh. VIII, 26ᵇ bot. בגין דהליך תרתין פ׳ הוא מפסיד shall he be at a disadvantage, because he walked two steps (into the court room)?; Y. Shebu. VII, 38ᵃ (corr. acc.); Y. Keth. IX, 33ᵇ bot. ↗ expanded
פסיפון , Pesik. Vattom., p. 131ᵃ Ar., v. פיספיסאי.—Lam. R. to II, 1 Mus., v. next w.↗ expanded
פְּסִיפָּס (פָּסַס, cmp. פְּסִיסִית) cut and polished stone block, used for paving floors, stone pavement, mosaic. Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXVIII אבן פסי׳ שיש וכ׳ ed. Schechter (ed. פיספס) a paving block which has four polished sides (a metaphor for a many-sided scholar). Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵇ top בשאין שם פ׳ where there is no stone pavement. Ib. XII, beg. 13ᶜ (Chald. dict.) מקטע פ׳ he who trims a paving stone (or die, v. infra). Ex. R. s. 10 בתיהם של גדולים … בשיש בפ׳ the houses of the nobles which were paved with marble or blocks; Yalk. Sam. 102 בתי השיש והפִּסְפְּסִים (pl.); Yalk. Ps. 820 בתי השיש ובתי הפ׳ (Midr. Till. to Ps. CV בתי הסיפים, v. סַף). Deut. R. s. 1 ואם בפ׳ הפ׳ וכ׳ and if (she wipes her hands) on the pavement, the pavement will be blackened, but her hands will not be clean; a. e.—Pl. פְּסִיפְסִים, פְּסִיפְסִין, פִּסְפְּ׳, פִּיסְ׳. Yalk. Sam. l. c.; Yalk. Ps. l. c., v. supra. Midd. I, 6 ראשי פסי׳ וכ׳ Var. in Ar. s. v. פשפש (Mish. ed. פספ׳; Talm. ed. פישפשין) the ends of the flag-stones in the pavement indicated the mark between the sacred and the secular grounds; [comment.: blocks on the ceiling]; ib. II, 6; a. e.—[Tosef. Zeb. VII, 1 פסיפסין, Var. פסיפיסין, v. פִּשְׁפָשׁ I.] cube, die.—Pl. as ab. Y. R. Hash. I, 57ᶜ top (expl. המשחק בקוביא) המשחק בפסי׳ he who plays with dice; Snh. 25ᵇ, a. e. בפיספ׳ (Rashi: blocks of wood); Y. l. c. משישבור את פְּסִיפְסָיו (he is not reinstated from his civil disabilities,) until he breaks his dice; Snh. l. c. משישברו את פִּיסְפְּסֵיהֶן; Y. Shebu. VII, 37ᵈ bot. פִּיסְפְּסָיו; Y. Snh. III, beg., 21ᵃ (also פְּשִׂיפְשִׂין). Midr. Till. to Ps. XXVI, 10 אלי המשחקין בפספ׳ וכ׳ that means those who play with dice, who calculate (throw) with the left hand and press with the right hand, and rob and wrong one another; a. e. check (in garments), square, or stripe (cmp. פַּס). Neg. XI, 7 והרי הוא פסי׳ יחידי ed. Dehr. (ed. פספס) suppose there is only one (white) stripe in the whole garment?—Pl. as ab. Ib. קייטא שיש בה פ׳ צבועים וכ׳ a pieced sheet in which there are checkers colored and white; Tosef. ib. V, 10. Yalk. Job 927 פספסין הדֵּיהוֹת שלו מכחות וכ׳ (or הדּוּחוֹת, not פספסי הרוחות) the faintest checkers (or stripes) of the Leviathan’s skin outshine the sun (v. Yalk. Lev. 653). voting tablet, verdict. Lam. R. to II, 1, v. חִיתּוּךְ.—[The contact between the Hebrew and Greek languages influenced the form פסיפס and the coincidence of some meanings of our word with ψῆφος pebble.] ↗ expanded
*פְּסִיפַּס Targ. I Kings V, 31 אבן פ׳ Ar. (ed. אבנין פסילן; h. text גזית).—Y. Sabb. XII, beg. 13ᶜ מקטע פספס, v. preced.↗ expanded
פְּסִיקָא 1 (פְּסַק) part, fraction. B. Bath. 62ᵇ, sq., contrad. to פלגא. subscription for charity, collection. Lev. R. s. 32, end ואנן עבדין לך פ׳ בציבורא and we shall arrange a collection for you in the assembly; עבדון ליה פ׳ they made up a purse for him. Lev. R. s. 5 עביד פְּסִיקָה למתן וכ׳ (not למיתן) arranged a subscription for a charity in the college of Tiberias. = פְּסוּקָא, verse.—Pl. פְּסִיקָן, v. פְּסוּקָא. ↗ expanded
פְּסִיקָה (פָּסַק) cutting apart. Succ. 11ᵃ פְּסִיקָתָן זו היא עשייתן cutting the threads apart is the making of them (the show fringes). separated thread. Neg. XI, 8 אפי׳ פ׳ אחת וכ׳ even if only one separate thread was on the coil, and he knotted it.—Pl. פְּסִיקוֹת. Ib. היתה פ׳ if the coil consisted of separate threads. ↗ expanded
פְּסֵיקָה (פָּסַק, v. Hif. 4) water collected behind a dam, reservoir, pool.— Pl. פְּסֵיקוֹת. M. Kat. 4ᵃ הפ׳ והבריכות וכ׳ pools and ponds which were filled with water on the eve of a Holy Day. ↗ expanded
פסיקוליה , Y. Peah I, 15ᵈ בפ׳ אחרייא, read: כדפסיקו ליה לאחרייא, v. פְּסַק↗ expanded
פְּסִיקְיָא (an adapt. of fascia, as if from פסק) band or fillet worn by women over the breast; girdle; bandage round the legs and feet. Targ. Is. III, 24 פְּסִיקַיָּא (pl. form).—Y. Snh. X, 28ᵈ bot. נתן את הברזל תחת פ׳ שלו he put the iron point of his spear under his fascia. Sabb. XV, 2 (111ᵇ) ושל פסי׳ (Bab. ed. פסקיא) and the cords of the breast bandage. Ib. (113ᵃ) קושרין דלי בפ׳ וכ׳ (Bab. ed. בפסק׳ you may (on the Sabbath) tie up (the broken rope of) a bucket with a fascia, but not with a rope. Ib. 113ᵃ כורך עליו פונדא או פ׳ (Ms. M. פסיקא) he may wind a funda or a fascia around it; Pes. 11ᵃ פיסקיא (Ms. M. פסיקיא; early ed. פסקי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). Y. Kil. IX, end, 32ᵈ פיסקי (corr. acc.), v. עֲגַל I; a. e.—Pl. form פְּסִיקִין. Sifré Num. 131 והיא מוציאה … מתחת פ׳ שלה (not פסוקין) she took an impression of Peor from under her breast band (Snh. 106ᵃ חיקה). ↗ expanded
פְּסִיקְתָּא (פְּסַק) apportionment, agreement to pay, esp. dowry. M. Kat. 18ᵇ שטרי פ׳ agreements stating the amounts which the parents promise to their respective son or daughter; Kidd. 9ᵇ; Keth. 102ᵇ; a. fr. section, esp. P’siḳta, name of several Midrashim, a) P. d’R. Kahăna (or only P’siḳta) (edited by S. Buber).—b) P. Rabbathi (Large P.).—c) (of late origin) P. Zuṭarta or Zuṭrathi (Small P.) (edited by S. Buber).—[ a small share, v. פִּיסְקְתָא.] ↗ expanded
פְּסַכְתֵּר (corresp. to ψυχθηρ = ψυκτήρ) [wine-cooler,] a large pot. Y. Ḥag. III, 79ᵃ; Tam. V, 5 כופה … פ׳ (,Ar. everywhere פסק׳), v. כָּפָה; ib. ופ׳ היה כלי וכ׳ the psykter was a large vessel, holding &c. Sifré Tsav, Par. 1, ch. II; Y. Yoma IV, end, 42ᵃ; Num. R. s. 4. Erub. X, 15; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּסַכְתֵּרָא —Pl. פְּסַכְתֵּרָוָותָא. Targ. O. Ex. XXXVIII, 3 (ed. Berl. פְּסַכְתֵּירָ׳, some ed. פְּסֵיכְתֵּירָ׳; h. text סירות). Ib. XXVII, 3. ↗ expanded
פָּסַל (b. h.) to cut, chip, hew, trim. Tanḥ. ʿEḳeb 9 (ref. to Koh. III, 5) עת היה לִפְסוֹל שני וכ׳ the time came to hew other two tablets (in place of the broken). Ib. מתחת כסא הכבוד פְּסָלָּן he hewed them from under the throne of glory. Ab. Zar. 52ᵃ (ref. to Deut. VII, 25) משפְּסָלוֹ נעשה אלוה as soon as a gentile has done chiselling on it, it becomes a deity (an idol forbidden to Jews for any use); ib. פסלו לאלוה לא וכ׳ when the gentile has hewed it for a god, thou shalt not covet it; פסלו מאלוה ולקחת לך when he chips it so as to unfit it as an idol (v. infra), thou mayest take it unto thyself; a. e.—Part. pass.פָּסוּל; f. פְּסוּלָה; pl. פְּסוּלִים, פְּסוּלִין; פְּסוּלוֹתa) chiselled, chipped. Lev. R. s. 22 אבנים פ׳ chipped stones (unfit for the altar); a. e.—b) (cmp. פָּגַם) defective, unfit, disqualified, v. פָּסוּל. (denom. of פָּסוּל) to disqualify, to be the cause of disqualification of; to declare unfit. Ḥull. III, 12 פּוֹסְלִין, v. כָּשֵׁר I. Ab. Zar. l. c. מניין לנכרי שפּוֹסֵל אלוהו how will you prove that a gentile can cancel his deity (by disfiguring it)? Kidd. 70ᵃ אוי לו לפוסל את זרעו ולפוגם וכ׳ woe to him who causes his descendants to be disqualified and his family to be tarnished. Ib. כל הפוסל פסול he who tarnishes (casts suspicion on the purity of a family) is himself tarnished (of spurious descent); במומו פוסל he charges others with his own defect. Ex. R. s. 1 החזירתו … ופ׳ את כלן she (Pharaoh’s daughter) took him (the infant Moses) around to all Egyptian women to give him suck, but he rejected all of them (refused to take their breasts); ולמה פְסָלָן and why did he reject them? Snh. III, 1 זה פוֹסֵל דיינו של זה וכ׳ each has a right to reject the judge chosen by the other; אם היו כשרים … אינו יכול לפוֹסְלָן if they are fit (not legally disqualified) or authorized, he cannot reject them. Ib. זה פוסל עדיו וכ׳ every witness in a case may help by his testimony to disqualify the opposing party’s witnesses. R. Hash. I, 7 קבלו … ופָסְלוּ וכ׳ they accepted as witnesses himself and his son, and rejected his slave. Mikv. II, 4 פּוֹסְלִין את המקוה are sufficient to make the pond unfit for ritual immersion. Ib. VII, 5 לא פְסָלוּהוּ they do not make the blood unfit. Zeb. I, 4 המחשבה פוֹסֶלֶת the improper intention makes the sacrifice unfit. Succ. II, 7, a. e. בית שמאי פוסלין the school of Sh. declares such a Succah to be ritually unfit; a. v. fr.—Trnsf. to cancel, abrogate. B. Kam. 97ᵃ פְּסָלַתּוּ מלכות the government cancelled the coin; פסלתו מדינה the inhabitants of the district refused to pass it.—Gen. R. s. 30, beg. כל מקום שנאמר אלה פ׳ את הראשונים וכ׳ wherever the Biblical text has ‘these’, it is meant to cancel (exclude) the preceding; wherever it has ‘and these’, it is to add to the preceding; Ex. R. s. 1 אלה תולדות … פ׳ וכ׳ ‘these are the origins of heaven and earth’ (Gen. II, 4), this excludes the time of chaos; a. fr. Nif. נִפסַלto be hewn, sculptured. Sifra K’dosh. beg. פסל על שהם נִפְסָלִין idols are named pesel, because they are sculptured; (Yalk. Lev. 604 פסולין). to be disqualified, made unfit, declared unfit. Zeb. I, 4 הזבח נ׳ ארבעה וכ׳ a sacrifice may become unfit by improper actions in four stages, at the slaughtering &c. Pes. 15ᵇ; 45ᵇ הפת … ונִפְסְלָה מלאכול if bread becomes mouldy and unfit for man to eat. Toh. VIII, 6 עד שיִפָּסֵל מאוכל הכלב until it becomes unfit for a dog to eat; Y. Ḥall. IV, 60ᵃ top עד שתִּפְסוֹל. [Men. 100ᵃ, v. פְּסוֹל.] Num. R. s. 6 end לא היו נִפְסָלִים אלא בקול they (the Levites) became unfit for service only when they lost their voice for song. B. Kam. IX, 2 נִפְסְלָה מעל גבי המזבח became unfit for the altar; a. fr.—Trnsf. to be cancelled, abrogated. B. Kam. l. c. מטבע ונ׳ (גזל) if one stole a coin, and it was invalidated (before he made the restitution). Snh. 104ᵇ (expl. סִלָּה, Lam. I, 15) כאדם שאומר לחברו נפסלה מטבע זו as one says to his neighbor, this coin is worthless; v. סָלָא; a. e. Pi. פִּיסֵּלto cut off dry twigs, to trim. Shebi. II, 3 מְפַסְּלִין עד וכ׳ (in the ante-Sabbatical year) you may trim trees up to New Year, v. פִּיסּוּל. Mikv. IX, 7 מְפַסְּלי אילנות trimmers of trees. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ top; a. e.—Yalk. Deut. 942 מְפַסְּלוֹ במעצד he chips it (the crooked staff) with the adze; Sifré ib. 308 מפתלו (corr. acc.). Hif. הִפְסִילto find fault, to speak contemptuously. Koh. R. to XI, 9 שהיה מַפְסִיל בנשים וכ׳ who used to find fault with women (considering none good enough for him as wife), and was a profligate.—[Part. pass. מוּפְסָל, v. next w.] ↗ expanded
פְּסַלto cut, hew, dig. Targ. Ex. XXXIV, 1. Targ. Deut. VI, 11; a. fr.—Part. pass. פְּסִיל; f. פְּסִילָא; pl. פְּסִילִין; פְּסִילָן, פְּסִל׳. Ib.; a. e. to make or declare unfit; to reject. Snh. 23ᵃ בתר דפַסְלֵי להו וכ׳ after they (the parties) rejected them, shall they (the rejected judges) go and select another court? Ib. רחמנא פַסְלֵיה it is the Law that declared him unfit. Ib. כל כמיניה דפָסֵיל דייני is it in his power to reject judges?; a. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXII, 10. Targ. Y. I Lev. VII, 18 (Y. II פָּסוּל h. form; h. text פגול); a. e.—[Targ. Ps. XVIII, 27, v. פְּסִילָא.]—Keth. 61ᵇ מאן דעביד הכי פ׳ למאכל וכ׳ he who does a thing like this is unfit to prepare food for the king. Ib. 105ᵇ האי דיינא … פ׳ למידן דינא (some ed. פסול) a judge that is in the habit of borrowing (things from his neighbors) is unfit to judge cases. Ib. פְּסִילְנָא לך לדינא I am unfit to be a judge in thy case (because I have been offered a gift); a. fr.—V. פְּסוֹל. Ithpe. אִתְפְּסַל, אִתְפְּסֵיל, , אִיפְּסִילto be engraven. Targ. Job XIX, 24. to be hewn out. Targ. Is. LI, 1. to be disqualified, unfit, rejected. Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 16. [Targ. Y. Num. VIII, 24 מוּפְסָלִין h. Hof.]—Y. Kil. VII, 31ᵃ top [read:] א"ל טבא היא ואִיפְסְלַת he said to him, it is a good coin, whereas it had been cancelled. Men. 102ᵇ לאִיפְּסוּלֵי דגופיה (Ms. M. לפסולא) to become unfit for itself (but not for making unclean); Pes. 20ᵃ לאיפסולי גופיה; a. fr. Af. אַפְסֵלto make unfit. Ḥull. 36ᵃ לאַפְסוּלֵי גופיה to cause the object itself to be forbidden (ib. 37ᵃ לפסולא דגופיה), v. supra. Pa. פַּסֵּלto cut (stones). Targ. II Chr. XXIV, 12 מְפַסְּלִין stone-cutters. ↗ expanded
פַּסָּל (preced.) mattock. Sifré Deut. 38; Yalk. ib. 857 ארץ … אם אינו עמל בה בפ׳ וקורדום the soil of Egypt cannot be planted, unless one first works it with mattock and axe. Ber. 57ᵇ; B. Mets. 82ᵇ, v. מָרָא II. ↗ expanded
פֶּסֶלpreced.) sculptured or carved image. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 41 שהיה דגון פִּסְלוֹ וכ׳ ed. Bub. (oth. ed. אלוהו) his idol Dagon was engraven on his heart. Sifra K’dosh. beg.; Yalk. Lev. 604, v. פָּסַל; Mekh. Mishp. s. 20. Snh. 103ᵇ v. מִיכָה I; a. e.—Pl. פְּסִילִים, v. פָּסִיל. chip, lath, contrad. to נסר. Succ. 18ᵃ נסר ופ׳ וכ׳ a board alternating with a lath (as the covering of a Succah). Tosef. ib. II, 3; Succ. 19ᵃ פ׳ היוצא מן הסוכה a lath roof prolonged beyond the walls of the Succah; expl. ib. קנים היוצאים וכ׳ reeds or staves which &c.—Pl. פְּסָלִים. Ib. 18ᵃ ↗ expanded
פִּסְלָאimage. Targ. Ps. XCVII, 7. Targ. Cant. II, 15; a. fr. lath, lintel, esp. a lintel placed across a street or a court. Sabb. 80ᵃ; B. Bath. 56ᵃ. Gitt. 77ᵇ נפל בפ׳ (the letter of divorce) fell on a cross-board (in the court). ↗ expanded
פַּסְלוּת (denom. of פָּסוּל) condition of unfitness, disqualification, opp. כשרות. B. Bath. 128ᵃ כל שתחילתו או סופו בפ׳ וכ׳ testimony for which the witness was disqualified at the beginning (when the fact to be attested occurred), or is disqualified at the end (when the evidence is taken) is illegal. Koh. R. to IX, 7 שמא פ׳ היה בבני there was perhaps a defect in my son which made him rejectable as an offering. ↗ expanded
פסלין , prob. to be read: פִּסְלוֹן m. (פָּסַל) a rough stone. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. I, 12 פ׳ שהוא כותב עליו וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. פוסלין, read פיסלון) a rough stone on which a charm is written (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Amuletum). ↗ expanded
פַּסְלְקָאוֹת (βασίλικα, sub. κάρυα, basilicæ, sub. nuces) basilicæ, the best kind of nuts. Tosef. Dem. I, 9 [read:] האגוזין ודורמסקיות ופ׳ (Var. והפסדקאות; ופסליא ed. Zuck., Var. ופסיליה, standing for βασιλεια, a dittography of our w.) nuts, plums, and walnuts. ↗ expanded
פָּסַס (b. h.) (b. h.) to be cut off, be gone. Tanḥ. Haăz. 7 (play on נחׄבׄי בן ופׄסׄי, Num. XIII, 14) החבׄיא האמת ופַ֗סָּ֗ה האמונה מפיו he hid the truth, and faith was gone from his mouth. to cut into stripes, divide, v. פַּס. to distribute (with the shovel, v. פַּס ch. 4). Tosef. Ukts. I, 5 תבואה שפְּסָסָהּ בגורן (Var. ed. Zuck. שנִפְסְסָה) grain which one distributed in the barn (forming separate piles). Ukts. I, 5 שפְּסָסָן Ar. s. v. פספס (v. בָּסַס).—Gen. R. s. 31 [read:] והיה פוֹסְסָן מן הצד and he shovelled them (the excrements) sideways (out into the water); Yalk. ib. 54 והיה פותחין (corr. acc.), v. קָטָרַקְטִין. Nif. נִפְסַסto be spread, shovelled, v. supra. Hif. הֵפֵיס, הֵיפֵסto distribute, spread; ה׳ מורסאto distribute an ulcer by manipulation, to pass over with the hand(פַּס). Eduy. II, 5; Tosef. ib. I, 8 המֵיפֵיס מורסא וכ׳ he who manipulates an abscess on the Sabbath, if for the purpose (of peeling or) of making a head to it as the physicians do &c.; Sabb. 107ᵇ; a. e. (v. פִּיס) to break, weaken. Pes. 107ᵃ, v. פִּיס. ↗ expanded
פְּסַס , to distribute. Targ. Hos. IV, 8 כהניא פַסּוּ וכ׳ the priests distribute (the sacrifices among themselves) &c.—Gen. R. s. 17 אנן פַּסִּין לה פירקא וכ׳ Ar. (read פורנא) we shall apportion (among ourselves, pay each his share towards) her dowry, and you divorce her (ed. יהבינן לה פורנא); Lev. R. s. 34 אנן פסקינן, v. פְּסַק). Af. אַפֵּיסto break, weaken; to desecrate, v. פִּיס. Ithpa. אִתַּפֵּסto be weakened, be degraded. Targ. Job XV, 20, v. פִּיס, a. תְּפַס II. ↗ expanded
פָּסַע [to spread the feet,] to step out, walk. Meg. 27ᵇ לא פָסַעְתִּי על ראשי וכ׳ I never strode over the heads of the holy people (never forced my way through the students seated on the floor to reach my chair); Snh. 7ᵇ מניין לדיין שלא יִפְסַע וכ׳ where is it intimated that a judge must not force his way &c. (Answ. by ref. to Ex. XX, 26, sq.); Yeb. 105ᵇ מי שצריך … יִפְסַע וכ׳ he of whom the holy people are in need, may step over the heads &c. Sot. 13ᵇ שתים … ופְסָעָן משה בפסיעה אחת twelve steps were there, and Moses passed over them with one step. Gen. R. s. 99 (play on פׄחׄז, Gen. XLIX, 4) פָּסַעְתָּ על דת חׄללת … זׄר thou didst overstep (transgress) the law, desecrate thy birthright (priesthood), and hast become a commoner. Mekh. Bo 7 (ref. to Ex. XII, 13) א"ת ופסחתי אלא וּפָסַעְתִּי וכ׳ read not, and I will pass, but I will step over (leap, skip), the Lord skipped over &c.; a. e. Pi. פִּסֵּעַsame. Y. Kil. VI, 30ᶜ לפַסֵּעַ, v. פֵּיפוּר. Yeb. l. c. מי הוא זה שמְפַסֵּעַ על ראשי וכ׳ who is he that forces his way over the heads &c.?, v. supra; a. e. Hif. הִפְסִיעַsame. Hor. 13ᵇ בזמן שרבים … מַפְסִיעִין על וכ׳ when the public need their services, they may force their way &c. Taan. 10ᵇ אל תַּפְסִיעוּ פסיעה גסה וכ׳ never march with hasty steps, and bring the sun into town (enter before sunset); a. e. to make cross-stitches. M. Kat. 10ᵃ; Y. ib. I, 80ᵈ bot., v. כָּלַב. ↗ expanded
פְּסַע , to walk with legs wide apart, waddle. Targ. II Sam. XX, 8 (h. text ותפל!), v. פְּסִיעַ.—Pes. 111ᵇ האי מאן דפ׳ אדיקלא (Ms. M. דמִיפְּסַעIthpe.) he who steps over a (young) date palm.—V. פְּצֵי. Pa. פַּסַּעto step heavily, pompously. Yeb. 105ᵇ אגב יוקריה הוה מְפַסַּע ואזיל on account of his heavy build he stepped in and walked (through the assembled students, making the impression of haughtiness), v. preced.—Y. Ber. II, 4ᶜ bot. והוה … מְפַסַּע וכ׳ and R. J. stepped upon the graves. ↗ expanded
פִּסְפֵּס 1 (v. פָּסַס) to separate, part, tear (into stripes, shreds). Midr. Till. to Ps. VII, 3 מה האריה … ומְפַסְפְּסוֹ כך … לפַסְפְּסֵנִי (Var. in Ms. מפצפצ׳, v. ed. Bub. note) as the lion sits over his prey and tears it, so Doeg and Ahithophel sit over me to tear me; Yalk. Ps. 637; Midr. Till. to Ps. XXII, 17. Sabb. XXIV, 2 מְפַסְפְּסִים את הכיפים you may (untie and) spread the bundles (of fodder), v. כִּיפָּה. Ib. 155ᵃ לא לפַסְפֵּס ולא להתיר neither to spread nor even to untie. Tosef. ib. III (IV), 18 מפספסין את הכפין ובלבד וכ׳ (Var. ומפרכסין, incorr.) you may part the bundles, provided you do not pluck them apart. Naz. VI, 3 נזיר חופף ומְפַסְפֵּס the Nazarite may wash his hair (v. חָפַף) and part it (with his fingers), but must not use a comb. Y. ib. IV, 55ᵇ top מפספסין בקליקין you may part the tangles in the Nazarite’s hair; Y. Bets. IV, 62ᶜ. Y. Shek. III, 47ᶜ הגיזברין היו מפספסין בקילקין the Temple treasurers had the entangled hair (of those engaged in counting) straightened (to avoid the suspicion that they had coins concealed); a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּסְפֵּס Sabb. 155ᵃ מתירין … פַּסְפּוּסֵי לא you may untie …, but not spread; פספוסי נמי מְפַסְפְּסִינָן we may also spread. ↗ expanded
פִּסְפֵּס 2 (transpos. of סִפְסֵף; cmp. גִּעְגֵּעַ) to cut the ends, trim by singeing. Tosef. Pes. V, 10 אין … אבל מְפַסְפְּסִין אותן באור you dare not scald the head and feet (of the Passover lamb) …, but you may trim them by holding them over the fire; Tosef. Bets. III, 19 (Var. מספסין; Bets. 34ᵃ מהבהבין). Y. ib. IV, 62ᶜ bot. אין מפספסין quot. in Levy (ed. Krot. מספספ׳), v. סִפְסֵף. ↗ expanded
פַּסְפֵּס ² ch. (apocop. פַּסֵּף; cmp. כֶּסֶךְ a. כַּסְכַּס) same. Y. Sabb. II, 5ᵃ (expl. מחרכין) מְפַסְפְּסִין לין (ed. Krot. מְפַסְּפִין) they trim them (the wicks, by burning). ↗ expanded
פָּסַק [to separate, part, distribute,] to divide, split, interrupt. Taan. 27ᵇ; Meg. 22ᵃ פּוֹסֵק the reader divides (one verse), i.e. the first reads two verses and a half, leaving the other half to be read by his successor. Ib. לא התיר לי לִפְסוֹק וכ׳ he permitted me to cut a verse in two only in teaching the school children. Ib. 31ᵇ במשנה תורה פוסק the chapter in Deuteronomy containing the curses (Deut. XXVIII, 15—69) may be divided (to be read by two or more); a. fr.—[Gen. R. s. 10 כיון שפסקה; Yalk. ib. 16 שפוסקה, v. פָּתַק.]—Part. pass. פָּסוּק; f. פְּסוּקָה. Ḥull. III, 3 פְּסוּקַת הגרגרת, v. גַּרְגֶּרֶת. (denom. of פָּסוּק) to recite a verse. Ḥag. 15ᵃ, sq. פְּסוֹק לי פְּסוּקְךָ (interch. with Chald. פסוק לי פסוקיך) recite to me thy Bible verse (recently learned). (cmp. חָתַךְ, גָּזַר) to apportion, assign; to provide; to promise, agree. Keth. 65ᵃ אין פּוֹסְקִין יינות לאשה in decreeing alimentation for a woman we do not provide for wine. Ib. כך תִּפְסְקוּ לבנותיכם so much (and no more) may ye grant to your daughters. Ib. 107ᵃ פוסקין מזונות לאשת איש the court assigns alimentation (from the estate) to a deserted wife. Ib. V, 8 לא פ׳ … אלא וכ׳ only R. Y. decreed barley as a part of alimentation, because he lived near Edom. Ib. פוסק לעומתן וכ׳ he must give her &c., v. עוּמָּה. Ib. VI, 2 הפוסק מעות לחתנו if a man agrees to pay a certain amount to his intended son-in-law (on the date of marriage). Ib. 3 פָּסְקָה להכניס … הוא פוסק וכ׳ if she promises to bring to him one thousand Denars, he must assign to her (as settlement in the K’thubah) fifteen Manehs. Tosef. ib. XIII (XII), 1 אם פָּסְקוּ לה … מה שפסקו פסקו if the court has granted her (alimentation), what they have granted, is granted. Ib. פסקה היא לעצמה (not על עצמה) if she herself has promised (to bring her husband a certain sum, and now her father refuses to give it). Ib. אבה פ׳ עלי וכ׳ my father has promised for me; what can I do (if he retracts)?; Keth. XIII, 5. Y. Kidd. IV, 65ᶜ top פּוֹסְקֵי צדקה ברבים וכ׳ those who subscribe to a charity in public and refuse to pay; Taan. 8ᵇ; a. v. fr. to fix a price; to buy on time. Gitt. 58ᵃ אפדנו בכל ממון שפוסקין עליו I will redeem him for any price that they may set on him. B. Mets. V, 7 אין פוסקין … עד שיצא השער you dare not fix a price on crops (buy on time), until the market price has been published. Ib. יצא השער פוסקין ואע"פ שאין לזה יש לזה (missing in Y. ed.) when the market price is out, you may buy, for although he (the seller) has no goods as yet, others have. Ib. פוסק עמו על הגדיש, v. גָּדִישׁ; a. v. fr. פ׳ דברים [to split words,] to argue. Snh. 44ᵇ פיסקון שפוסק דברים כלפי מעלה Gabriel is surnamed Pisḳon, because he argues with the Lord. (neut. verb) to be cut off; to cease, be stopped. Sot. IX, 9 משרבו … פסקו המים המרים … הפסיקן when the faithless men became frequent, the application of the waters of jealousy ceased, and it was R. J. ben Z. that abolished them. Ib. 12 פסקו אנשי אמונה the men of faith ceased to exist. Tanḥ. Sh’moth 16 אין אותה מצוה פוֹסֶקֶת מביתו that good deed shall never cease from (being practiced in) his house. Gen. R. s. 52 פסקו העוברים והשבים travellers ceased to pass by; a. v. fr. Nif. נִפְסַקto be split, cut in two, broken. Tosef. B. Kam. XI, 15; B. Kam. 119ᵇ הנ׳ במגירה chips at planing, v. גָּרַר I. Ḥull. III, 1 נשברה השדרה ונ׳ החוט שלה if the spinal column is broken and the spinal cord severed. Sabb. 112ᵃ סנדל שנִפְסְקוּ שתי אזניו a sandal, both ears (loops) of which are torn off; Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. IV, 5 שנִתְפַּסְּקוּ; Kel. XXVI, 4; a. fr.—[Tosef. Mikv. III, 5, sq. ונפסקו, v. פָּתַק.] Hif. הִפְסִיקto separate, sever connection; to form a partition. Sot. 38ᵇ אפי׳ מחיצה … אינה מַפְסֶקֶת בין וכ׳ not even an iron wall forms a partition between Israel and his father in heaven (worshippers form a congregation even if separated by a partition); Pes. 85ᵇ. Peah. I, 2 ואלו מַפְסִיקִין לפאה the following things form a division of fields with regard to Peah: a brook &c. Ab. Zar. 52ᵃ את ה׳ הענין the word eth (before ĕlohehem Deut. XII, 2) divides the subject (so as not to allow an analogy between idolatrous utensils and the idols themselves), v. next w.; a. fr. to interrupt; to cause to cease; to leave off; to pause. Ber. II, 2 בין ויאמר לאמת ויציב לא יַפְסִיק between the last portion of the Sh’mʿa (Num. XV, 37-41) and ‘Ĕmeth V’yatsib’ one must not pause (interrupt the prayer to greet a person &c.). Ib. 14ᵃ במגילה מהו שיפסיק may one interrupt one’s self during the reading of the M’gillah? [Ib. also פּוֹסֵקKal.] Ib. V, 1. Ex. R. s. 2 עם כל הנביאים ה׳ מלדבר … לא ה׳ מימיו with all other prophets the Lord ceased from speaking at times, but with Moses he never ceased. Taan. 30ᵃ סעודה המַפְסִיק בה the meal with which one ceases (the last meal before beginning to fast, called סעודה המַפְסֶקֶת). Y. Nidd. I, 49ᶜ והִפְסִיקָה שלש עונות and ceased (to have menstruation) for three periods. Meg. III, 6 אין מַפְסִיקִין בקללות וכ׳ in reading the curses (Lev. XXVI, 14-44; Deut. XXVIII, 15-69) you must not break off, but one person must read the whole &c. Ib. 31ᵇ מקום שמפסיקין בשבת וכ׳ where they leave off reading on Sabbath morning, there they continue in the afternoon &c. Sot. IX, 9, v. supra. Gen. R. s. 52, beg. מה אני מפסיק צדקה מביתי shall I allow charity to cease in my house (to fall into desuetude from want of opportunity)?; a. fr. to cut sprays off, trim, v. פָּסַג. to dam. Tosef. Par. V (IV), 9 מפסיק ומנגב he makes a dam (cuts off the influx) and lays the cavity dry. Pi. פִּיסֵּקto trim. Tosef. B. Kam. XI, 18, v. פָּסַג. to interrupt.—Part. pass. מְפוּסָּק; pl. מְפוּסָּקִין. Y. Pes. X, 37ᶜ; Y. Sabb. VIII, beg. 11ᵃ מהו לשתותן מפ׳ how about drinking them (the four cups of the Passover evening) in pauses (sipping)?, v. פִּיסָּק. to cut down, ruin; to cut to pieces. Pesik. Naḥ., p. 128ᵃ קיצצוהו ופִיסְּקוּהוּ they cut it down and ruined it (the vineyard). Lam. R. to IV, 15 והיתה … עליהן ומְפַסַּקְתָּן the carriage passed over them and dismembered them; Pesik. Vattom., p. 133ᵇ ומפסקתה (corr. acc.); Yalk. Is. 266 והיתה … עליה ומְפַסַּקְתָּהּ; a. e. Hithpa. הִתְפַּסֵּק,Nithpa. נִתְפַּסֵּקto be severed. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. IV, 5, v. supra.— (sub. בעינים, cmp. קרץ, Prov. X, 10; VI, 13) to blink. Deut. R. s. 5 עשה עצמו מִתְפַּסֵּק he pretended to be blinking (Y. Sot. I, 16ᵈ bot., a. e. עבד גרמיה חשש בעייניה). ↗ expanded
פְּסַקto cut, split, sever. Targ. Jud. XVI, 9. Targ. II Sam. X, 4; I Chr. XIX, 4; a. fr.—Part. pass. פָּסִיק, פְּסִיק. Targ. O. Deut. XXIII, 2 (h. text פצוע דכה); Y. ib. פ׳ גידא (h. text. כרות שפכה). Targ. O. Lev. XXII, 22 (h. text חרוץ).—Ḥull. 8ᵇ, v. גַּוָּוזָא I. B. Bath. 21ᵇ קא פַסְקַת וכ׳ thou cuttest off (interferest with), v. חַיּוּתָא. Lev. R. s. 32, end פסקת חייוי דהאי גברא thou cuttest off (shortenest) this man’s (my) life (by divulging my spurious descent); a. fr.—פסיק רישיה ולא ימות ‘let his head be cut off, but let him not die’, a dialectic term for an unavoidable result of an act. Sabb. 75ᵃ מודה ר"ש בפ׳ ר׳ וכ׳ R. S. (who ordinarily permits, on the Sabbath, an act which may have as a result a violation of the Sabbath law, if the latter is not intended) admits that such an act is forbidden, if the result is inevitable. to separate, divide. Targ. Hos. II, 8 (ed. Lag. Af.).—Pes. 111ᵃ פַּסְקִינְהוּ רשות הרבים (Rashb. פְּסַקְתִּינְהוּ) the public road divides them (the two palms); a. e.—Meg. 2ᵇ; B. Kam. 65ᵇ, v. infra Af.to be interrupted; to cease. Targ. Y. Gen. XLIV, 12 (h. text כִּלָּה). Targ. II Esth. III, 7. Targ. Deut. V, 19; a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 31; Midr. Till. to Ps. XIX; Yalk. ib. 673 (expl. לא נעדר, Zeph. III, 5) לא פַסְקִין they never fail. M. Kat. 4ᵃ מיא דלא פּסְקֵי water which never fails. Ib. עבידא דפַסְקָא it often fails. Ib. 18ᵇ קלא דלא פָסֵיק a continuous rumor; וכמה קלא דלא פ׳ how long must a rumor last to be called a continuous rumor? Ib. דלא פ׳ ביני ביני if it has not ceased at intervals. Gitt. 69ᵃ כי היכי דפסקי … לִיפְסוֹק וכ׳ as this water ceases to run, so may the blood of—stop flowing. Sabb. 30ᵇ לא פ׳ פומיה, v. גִּירְסָא I; a. fr. to apportion, assign, bargain, agree, subscribe. Y. Hor. III, 48ᵃ bot. הוה חמי … פ׳ והוא פסיק לקיבליה he waited to see how much the whole assembly subscribed, and he subscribed an amount equal to the entire subscription; Lev. R. s. 5 כד הוון פַּסְקִין וכ׳ when all people had subscribed, he &c. Ib. פ׳ חד ליטרא וכ׳ subscribed one pound of gold. Keth. 65ᵃ פְּסוֹק לי מזוני give me an order for my food; פ׳ לה he did so. Ib. 63ᵃ פסקו ליה וכ׳ they made arrangements for him for six years (to remain at college). Lev. R. s. 34 אנן פּסְקִינָן פרנה we shall make up the dowry by subscription (v. פְּסַס); Yalk. ib. 665; a. fr. to decide, adjudge. Targ. I Kings XX, 40. Targ. Job XXXVIII, 10; a. e.—Succ. 29ᵇ, a. e. קא פסיק ותני לא שנא וכ׳ the editor of the Mishnah decides and teaches; i.e. speaks absolutely, drawing no distinction whether &c. Gitt. 86ᵇ לא פְסִיקָא ליה it was not decided with him, i.e. he could not state it absolutely; a. fr. to close; פ׳ סידראto close the reading from the Pentateuch, read the Hafṭarah. Yoma 87ᵃ; a. e., v. סִדְרָא. (denom. of פְּסוּקָא) to recite a verse, v. preced. a. פְּסוּקָא. Af. אַפְסֵיקto sever, break, burst. Targ. Nah. I, 13; a. e. to separate, interpose, divide off. Targ. Hos. II, 8; a. e.—Meg. 2ᵇ אתא את ואַפְסְקיה וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ופסק, ופסיק) the eth (וְאֵת, Esth. IX, 21) comes to divide the sentence (giving it the meaning) that some celebrate the fourteenth and others the fifteenth of Adar. B. Kam. 65ᵇ את פַּסְקֵיה קרא with eth (ואת, Lev. V, 25) the text separates the clause from the preceding, opp. ערביה combines it; Yalk. Lev. 479 את אַפְסְקֵיה eth separates it; ib. לאַפְסוּקֵי בין ממון וכ׳ (not לאפסוקיה) to draw the line between sacred property and &c. Sot. 38ᵇ אריכי … לא מַפְסְקֵי tall persons in front of short ones do not form a partition (to intercept the priestly benediction pronounced upon the congregation); תיבה לא מַפְסְקָא nor does the Tebah (v. תֵּבָה) between the priests and the people form a partition. Pes. 111ᵃ אַפְסְקִינְהוּ בעפרא he dammed it (the waste water poured out in the street) with dust (spread dust over it); a. fr.—Keth. 77ᵇ; 17ᵃ, v. infra.] to cut off, cause to cease. Targ. I Sam. II, 33; a. e. to take the last meal before beginning the fast. Keth. 63ᵃ לא מר א׳ ולא מר א׳ Ar. (ed. אִיפְּסִיקIthpe.) neither father nor son partook of the last meal (before the Day of Atonement). Ithpe. אִתְפְּסַק, אִיפְּסִיקto be cut, severed, broken off. Targ. Jud. XVI, 9. Targ. Is. LII, 2; a. fr.—Sabb. 112ᵃ איפסיק ליה רצועה (read: אִיפְּסִיקָא) a strap of his shoe broke. Y. ib. VI, 8ᵃ bot. אי׳ סנדליה וכ׳ R. Aḥa’s sandal fell off (the strap was broken). Ḥull. 51ᵃ; a. fr. to be interposed, to divide off. Keth. 17ᵃ א׳ עמודא דנורא וכ׳ a column of fire was interposed between the bier of &c.; וגמירי דלא אפסיק וכ׳ (read: מִפְּסִיק) and there is a tradition that such a phenomenon occurs only for one person in a generation &c.; ib. 77ᵇ אִפְּסִיק, מִפְּסִיק. to take the last meal, v. supra. ↗ expanded
פֶּסֶק (preced.) detached piece, remainder.— Pl. פְּסָקִים, constr. פִּסְקֵי, פִּי׳. Kil. VI, 6 פ׳ עריס, v. עָרִיס I; Tosef. ib. IV, 8; Y. ib. VI, end, 30ᶜ; a. e.—2) disjunction, esp. peseḳ (Chald. p’siḳ), a disjunctive sign (|) between two words. Ex. R. s. 2 אתה מוצא באברהם אברהם יש בו פ׳ you will find in ‘Abraham Abraham’ (Gen. XXII, 11) there is a peseḳ; in ‘Jacob Jacob’ (ib. XLVI, 2) there is a peseḳ; in ‘Samuel Samuel’ (I Sam. III, 10) &c.; משה משה אין בו פ׳ but in ‘Moses Moses’ (Ex. III, 4) there is no peseḳ.— Pl. as ab. פסקי טעמיםthe division of words into clauses in accordance with the sense, punctuation. Meg. 3ᵃ (ref. to Neh. VIII, 8) ויבינו במקרא אלו פ׳ ט׳ ‘and they taught how to understand the Scripture’, this refers to the division of clauses &c.; Ned. 37ᵇ פִּיסּוּק.—V. פִּיסָּק. ↗ expanded
פִּסְקָאcut. Ḥull. 112ᵃ גריר לבי פִסְקֵיה וכ׳ he may scrape off the place where it was cut, and eat it. B. Mets. 23ᵇ אית ליה סימנא בפִסְקֵיה Ms. F. (ed. דאיכא … בפסקא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5) when he can identify it by his way of chopping.—[Ḥull. 51ᵃ מחיי אפסקיה, v. פַּסְקִית.]—Pl. פִּסְקֵי, פִּי׳. Erub. 3ᵃ פ׳ דארזא (cmp. בְּקַעַת) cedar logs.—[Y. Kil. IX, end, 32ᵈ פיסקי דעמר, v. פְּסִיקְיָא.] interruption, broken line; space indicating a new section, paragraph.— Pl. פִּסְקִין, פִּסְקֵי, פִּי׳. R. Hash. 26ᵇ; Meg. 18ᵃ והוו עיילי פ׳ פ׳ they came to Rabbi’s house in broken lines (Y. ib. II, beg. 73ᵃ קטעין קטעין), v. סֵירוּג.—Y. Sabb. I, 3ᵇ bot. (expl. ראשי פרקים) פ׳ the places in the scroll where the portions, into which the Sabbath reading is divided, begin. detached part.—Pl. as ab. B. Bath. 68ᵇ פיסקי בגי, v. בִּיזְלֵי. decision, decree. Ib. 130ᵇ פ׳ דדינא (Ms. R. פְּסַק דינא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 40) legal decision, v. פִּירְכָא. Kidd. 70ᵃ, v. הַזְמָנָא; a. e.; v. פִּיתְקָא. an absolute, unqualified opinion or statement. Keth. 76ᵇ, a. fr. ומאי פ׳ how can you say this without any qualification? last meal before beginning to fast. Y. Ḥall. I, 57ᶜ top; Y. R. Hash. I, 57ᵇ bot. אַפְּסַק כרובא, v. כְּרוּבָּא. donation, collection, v. פִּסְקָה.—[פסקא, פי׳ (abbrev. פיס׳) section, a) heading in Talm. Y., subordinate to מתני׳.—b) headings of sections in P’siḳta.] ↗ expanded
פִּסְקָה (פָּסַק) subscription, collection. Deut. R. s. 4 עשה שם ר"ל פ׳ וכ׳ (some ed. פסקא) Resh Laḳish arranged there a subscription, and he (Abin) gave as much as the entire assembly. division, esp. hemistich, half-verse. Num. R. s. 13 (ref. to Ps. XIX, 8-10) [read:] שלשה פסוקים … והן מן שתים שתים פִּסְקוֹת וכל פ׳ ופ׳ מן וכ׳ three verses … each consisting of two hemistichs, and each hemistich containing five words.—Pl. פִּסְקוֹת. Ib. ↗ expanded
פִּסְקָיוֹת (פָּסַק) divisions, parties. Lev. R. s. 33 כשהייתם … נעשים פ׳ פ׳ לע"ז (Ar. פִּסְקָאוֹת) when you lived in your own land, you formed parties for the various idols (with play on ותפשקי, Ez. XVI, 25); Yalk. Dan. 1061. ↗ expanded
פַּסְקִית adv. (פְּסַק) in the wag of chopping, across. Ḥull. 51ᵃ אי מחייה פ׳ Ar. (Ms. M. אַפַּסְקִית; ed. מחיי אפסקיה, corr. acc.) if he struck her with the stick across her back. ↗ expanded
פַּסְקַתPasḳath (Failing; transl. of b. h. כְּוִיב, v. כָּזַב). Targ. Y. I Gen. XXXVIII, 5 והוה בפ׳ (Y. II והוה דפסקא, corr. acc.); Gen. R. s. 85 כזיב פ׳ (שם מקום) (some ed. פסקה) Kezib is P. (name of a place); Yalk. ib. 144.—Cmp. פְּסָאקָא. ↗ expanded
פָּעוֹטוֹת (פעט = פוט, v. פִּיּוּט) [talkers,] children of six or seven years of age. Gitt. V, 7 (59ᵃ) הפ׳ מקחן וכ׳ the purchases or sales of movables by minors are valid; Tosef. ib. V (III) 3 (Var. פָּאוֹטוֹת); Y. ib. V, 47ᶜ top, v. שִׁיטָּה III; Y. Erub. VII, 24ᶜ bot. פַּיּיוֹטוֹת. ↗ expanded
פְּעוּלָּהwork; hire; wages; working stock (cattle, tools &c.). Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 10 כיון שבא … כביכול פ׳ לפניו when the Lord came to erect the Temple, it was, as it were, work to him (by ref. to Ex. XV, 17). Num. R. s. 4 (play on פעלתי, I Chr. XXVI, 5) על שפעל פ׳ גדולה בתורה because he did a work which the Law considers great; מה פ׳ גדולה פעל what was the great work he did?—Ex. R. s. 41; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 14 נותן הזרע והפ׳ he (the tenant) furnishes the seed and the labor (working stock). Tosef. Kidd. III, 2 בפ׳ שאעשה עימיך in consideration of the work that I shall do for thee. Ib. על מנת שאעשה עימיך בפ׳ with the condition that I shall work for thee for wages. Midr. Till. to XI, 3 צדיק העולם מה פ׳ הניחו לך בעולמך what work, O Righteous One of the world, have they (the wicked) left for thee in thy world? Ib. מה פ׳ פעלת לפועלי מצות where is the reward thou hast wrought for the workers of good deeds? Midr. Till. to Ps. XLIV ראשונים … פעלת פ׳ גדולה in olden times, in the days of Abraham, thou didst a great work (miracle); Yalk. ib. 746. Treat. Der. Er. Zuṭṭa, ch. II, v. פּוֹעַל I. B. Mets. IX, 12, a. e. יש בו משום לא תלין פְּעוּלַּת וכ׳ the law forbidding the withholding of wages over night (Lev. XIX, 13) applies to it. Midr. Till. to Ps. CIV, 23 יצאו ישראל לקבל פְּעוּלָּתָן Israel shall go forth to receive their reward; a. fr.—Pl. פְּעוּלּוֹת. Gen. R. s. 44 (ref. to Prov. XI, 18) זה נמרוד שהיו פְּעוּלּוֹתָיו על שקר this refers to Nimrod, whose works were in vain. Lev. R. s. 27 כל פ׳ טובות ונחמות וכ׳ all the good rewards and comforts which the Lord will bestow upon Israel &c., v. פְּעִיָּיה; Tanḥ. Emor 11; Yalk. Is. 314; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּעוּלְתָּא , esp. hired man’s work. Y. Taan. I, 64ᵇ sq. הוינא בפְעוּלְתִּי מה הוינא מסיע דעתי מן פעולתי (not פעלוחי) I was engaged in my work (as a hired man); what right had I to divert my mind from my work? ↗ expanded
פְּעוֹרPeor, Baal Peor, a Moabite deity. Snh. VII, 6. Ab. Zar. 51ᵇ; a. fr.; v. פָּעַר, a. פְּעַר. ↗ expanded
פעי (b. h.) to open the mouth; to blow; to cry. Sot. 11ᵇ (ref. to פועה, Ex. I, 15) שהיתה פּוֹעָה ומוציאה את הוולד (Ar. פ׳ לוולד) she blew (a charm into the mother’s ear) and brought the child forth; Koh. R. to VII, 1 שהיתה פועה באשה וכ׳; ib. שהיתה פועה ובוכה על וכ׳ she cried out and wept for her brother &c. Ib. שפָּעַת בפני פרעה וכ׳ she cried out before Pharaoh, saying &c. Sot. l. c. שהיתה פועה ברוח וכ׳ she cried in holy inspiration and said, my mother is destined to bear a son who will save Israel. Lev. R. s. 27; Tanḥ. Emor 11, v. פְּעִיָּיה. Midr. Sam. ch. XXII פָּעֲתָה כעגלה she lowed like a heifer; a. fr. Hif. הִפְעֶהsame, esp. to bleat. Gen. R. s. 22; Yalk. ib. 38 הוא מַפְעֶה אחריך it (the stolen lamb) is bleating behind thee. ↗ expanded
פְּעֵי , to cry, bleat, low. Targ. II Esth. I, 2 (3) אימרין פַּעְיִין the lambs bleated.—Ḥull. 43ᵃ וושט אכלא ביה ופָעְיָא ביה the œsophagus which is affected when the animal eats and also when it lows (or breathes, Rashi). Bekh. 35ᵃ פָּעֵי ומיחזי if the animal has a defect in its mouth which is seen, when it opens its mouth; a. e.—Esp. to be noisy, protest. Ḥull. 133ᵇ סתם כותי מִפְעָא פָעֵי the gentile partner usually makes himself heard (when the Jewish partner is selling). Arakh. 6ᵇ עכו"ם הוא דפעי the gentile will protest (when the object which he dedicated is diverted from its use). Erub. 75ᵇ אי איתא דאוגר מיפעא פעי if he had rented it out, he would have talked of it; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּעִיָּה (preced.) cry, exclamation, proclamation. Tanḥ. Emor 11 (play on מאפע, Is. XLI, 24) כל הפעולות … בשכר פ׳ אחת שפּעו ישראל בסיני all the good rewards &c. (v. פְּעוּלָּה), will be bestowed for the sake of the one exclamation which Israel raised at Sinai (Ex. XXIV, 7); Lev. R. s. 27 בשביל פּוּעָה שפעיתם וכ׳ for the sake of the cry which you uttered &c.; a. e.—Pl. פְּעִיּוֹת. Ib.; Tanḥ. l. c. מאה פ׳ שהאשה פועה וכ׳ the one hundred cries which the travailing woman utters; Yalk. Is. 314. ↗ expanded
פְּעִירָה (פָּעַר) uncovering, committing a nuisance. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᵈ bot. Baal Peor שאין עבודתו אלא בפ׳ whose worship consists in uncovering one’s self. ↗ expanded
פָּעַל 1 (b. h.) [to split, cmp. פלח,] to work. Y. Sabb. II, end, 8ᵈ; Tanḥ. Emor 7; Lev. R. s. 27 (ref. to Num. XXIII, 23) כל מי שפ׳ עם לא וכ׳ let whosoever worked with God come and take his reward. Lev. R. s. 4 כל מה שיִפְעַל אדם עם נפשו וכ׳ however much man may do for his soul, he has not done his full duty. Gen. R. s. 15 (ref. to Ps. LXXIV, 12) ראו פועלא טבא שהתקין … עמדתי לִפְעוֹל see the good employer, for the Lord has prepared my wages (the garden of Eden), before yet I arose to work; Yalk. ib. 20. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCII בששת … פָּעַלְתִּי את העולם ובשבת נחתי in the six working days I worked and made the world, and on the Sabbath I rested; a. fr.—Esp. to deal. Lam. R. to III, 33 [read:] בשני מקומות פָּעֲלוּ ישראל עם הקב"ה באחד פעלו בפיהם ולא בלבם ובאחד פעלו בלבם ולא בפיהם in two places Israelites dealt with God, in one they dealt with their mouth (professed faith), but not with their heart, and in the other, they dealt with their heart (were loyal at heart), but not with their mouth; בסיני פעלו בפיהם וכ׳ at Sinai they dealt with their mouth but not with their heart (ref. to Ps. LXXVIII, 36); בבבל פעלו בלבם וכ׳ in Babylonia they dealt with their heart, but not with their mouth (ref. to Lam. l. c.); Cant. R. to VII, 8. ↗ expanded
פָּעַם (b. h.) to beat, knock. Pi. פִּיעֵםto beat, perturb. Gen. R. s. 18 (play on הפעם, Gen. II, 23) זו היא שהיתה מְפַעַמְתֵּנִי וכ׳ this is she who perturbed me the whole night; Yalk. ib. 24 (corr. acc.). Nif. נִפְעַם,Hithpa. הִתְפָּעַםto be perturbed, troubled. Gen. R. s. 89; Tanḥ. Miḳḳ. 2 (distinction between וַתִּפָּעֶם (Gen. XLI, 8) and וַתִּתְפָּעֶם (Dan. II, 1); Yalk. Dan. 1060; Yalk. Gen. 147. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXVII מִתְפָּעֶמֶת אני והולכת I am constantly perturbed (sleepless); a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּעַם c. (b. h.; preced.) beat, step.— Pl. פַּעֲמוֹת, פְּעָמִים. Y. Sabb. XVI, 15ᶜ כיון שהרגיש בקול פַּעֲמוֹתָיו וכ׳ when he perceived the sound of R. Yishmael’s foosteps. Cant. R. to VII, 2 אינו מדבר אלא בפַעֲמֵי רגלים the verse speaks of the steps of the festive pilgrimages; ib. ומה היה יפיין לפְעָמַיִךְ וכ׳ and what was the beauty of ‘thy footsteps?’ That they locked the door for all troubles (no troubles arose in the homes of the pilgrims during their absence). Lam. R. introd. (R. Naḥm.) ולא היו עולין לפעמי רגלים they have not gone up on festive pilgrimages; Yalk. Is. 302; a. e. time. Sabb. 12ᵇ פ׳ אחת קרא וכ׳ once it happened that he read &c. Pes. X, 4 (116ᵃ) שבכל הלילות אין אנו מטבילין אלא פ׳ אחת וכ׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) all other nights we dip (eatables) only once, and this night twice. Gen. R. s. 18 וחזר ובראה לו פ׳ שניה and he created her a second time; הדא היא דכתיב זאת הפ׳ זאת היא של אותו הפ׳ therefore it is written (Gen. II, 23) ‘this the time’, this is (the creation) of this time; a. v. fr.—Pl. פְּעָמִים. Pes. l. c. Yoma I, 6 פ׳ הרבה וכ׳ many a time I read to him from Daniel; a. fr.—פ׳ ש־ at times, sometimes. Men. 99ᵃ sq., v. בִּיטּוּל. Lev. R. s. 35, end פ׳ שעושה בזכות וכ׳ sometimes he makes (rain) for the sake of one man &c.; Y. Taan. III, 66ᶜ top. Cant. R. l. c. פעמים הללו פ׳ מכוסין פ׳ מגולין those steps (of the travellers) are at times covered, at times uncovered; a. fr.—Du. פַּעֲמַיִם twice. Sot. 42ᵃ פ׳ מדבר עמם וכ׳ he addresses them twice, once &c. Cant. R. to II, 16 ואני … בכל יום פ׳ וכ׳ and I declare the unity of his name twice every day (saying), Hear, O Israel, &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּעְפּוּעָא 1 (פַּעְפֵּעַ I) breaking, beating.—Pl. constr. פַּעְפּוּעֵי. Sabb. 109ᵃ פ׳ ביעי וכ׳ (some ed. פיעפועי) to make ‘hashed eggs’ (of roasted eggs) is forbidden (on the Sabbath). ↗ expanded
פַּעְפּוּעָא 2 (פַּעְפֵּעַ II) cover, darkness. Targ. Job XI, 17 (Ms. פִּיעְפּוּעָא; h. text תעפה). ↗ expanded
פַּעְפּוּעִין name of an herb, prob. (καρδαμίνη) a kind of cress. Y. Peah VIII, 21ᵃ top (expl. by קָקיּלִין, q. v.); Y. Erub. III, 20ᵈ top; Bab. Erub. 28ᵃ ↗ expanded
פִּעְפֵּעַ (v. פְּעַע) to crush, crumble. Y. Yoma I, 38ᶜ bot. אנו פִּעְפַּעְנוּ את הכתלים we (through our sins) have smashed the walls (with ref. to Ps. CXXXVII, 7); Midr. Till. to Ps. l. c. Y. Sabb. VII, 9ᵈ sq. המְפַעְפֵּעַ גושים he that crushes clods. to spread; to pierce, penetrate. Y. Orl. I, 61ᵃ השרשים מְפַעְפְּעִין אותו the roots pierce it (the pot). B. Bath. 10ᵃ ברזל קשה אור מְפַעְפְּעוֹ iron is hard, fire penetrates it; Koh. R. to VII, 26 והאש מְפַעְפַּעְתּוֹ. Ḥull. 105ᵃ החמין מפעפעין את הידים וכ׳ hot water enters into the skin of the hands, but does not wash away the fatty substance. Lam. R. to IV, 9 היה אותו הריח מפעפע בהם וכ׳ the flavor permeated them (creating a morbid appetite), and they died. Lev. R. s. 16, v. עֶכֶן. Y. Snh. X, 28ᵈ top והיה ריחו מפעפע and the flavor of wine spread. Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵇ bot.; Ruth R. to III, 13; Koh. R. to VII, 8, v. כֶּרֶס; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּעְפֵּעַ 2 (transpos. of עפעף, v. עֲפַף; cmp. גִּעְגֵּעַ) to bend, cover, darken. Part. pass. מְפעְפַּע; f. מְפַעְפְּעָא. Targ. Job X, 22 (h. text תפע).—V. פַּעְפּוּעָא II. ↗ expanded
פָּעַר (b. h.) to open wide. Pesik. R. s. 4, end פָּעֲרָה החרובית עצמה וכ׳ a carob tree opened itself and swallowed him. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIX, 131 פָּעַרְתִּי פי לתורתך I open my mouth for thy Law; כשם שפּוֹעֲרִים … למלקוש as people open their mouth for the late rain (to inhale it); a. e. to uncover (one’s self), esp. to commit a nuisance before the idol Peor. Snh. VII, 6 הפּוֹעֵר עצמו לבעל פעור וכ׳ he who uncovers himself before Baal Peor (is guilty, for) this is the mode of worshipping him. Yalk. Hos. 526 כלום … אלא שתִּפְעוֹר עצמך לו they ask of thee only that thou uncover thyself before him. Snh. 64ᵃ פ׳ בפניו he eased himself before him; a. fr. Pi. פִּיעֵרsame. Sifré Num. 131 המְפַעֵר עצמו לבעל פעור, v. supra. Ab. Zar. 44ᵇ שמְפַעֲרִין לפניו וכ׳ before whom they commit a nuisance every day. ↗ expanded
פְּעַר , to uncover. Targ. Y. I Num. XXV, 1. Pa. פַּעֵרsame. Ab. Zar. 51ᵇ השתא פַּעוּרֵי מְפַעֲרִין קמיה וכ׳ since they commit nuisances before him (Peor) as a mode of worship, should not offering salt and water be considered as worship? ↗ expanded
פַּפָּא (tradit. pronunc. פָּפָּא) pr. n. m. Pappa (Papa), name of several Amoraim. Snh. 49ᵇ, a. fr. רב פ׳ סבא the elder R. Papa. Taan. 6ᵇ; Ber. 59ᵃ. B. Bath. 90ᵇ, v. דּוֹן; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּפָּא 2N’har Pappa, name of a canal and of a place in Babylonia. B. Mets. 86ᵃ Yoma 77ᵇ (Ms. O. פקוד; Ar. a. Ms. Alf. פרת, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 8).—Denom. f. pl. (נְהַר) פַּפְיָתָא belonging to N. P. Erub. 82ᵇ תרתי ריפתא נ׳ פ׳ (Ms. M. פַּפְיָאתָא; ed. Sonc. ריפתאה פפיתאה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) two loaves of the size baked in N. P. ↗ expanded
פַּפּוּלְסְמוֹן m. = אָפּוֹבַּלְסְמוֹן. Gen. R. s. 34. Gen. R. s. 33 Ar. (ed. פלסמ׳). Ib. s. 39, beg. Ar. (ed. אפופ׳). ↗ expanded
פָּפוּנָא (denom. of next w.) of Paphunia. B. Kam. 115ᵃ זבניה לפ׳ he sold it to a Paphunian.—Pl. פָּפוּנָאֵי. Ib. 54ᵇ פ׳ ידעי טעמא וכ׳ the Paphunians know a reason for that (alluding to R. Aḥa b. Jacob of Paphunia); Kidd. 35ᵃ. Ḥull. 139ᵇ; a. e.—B. Mets. 68ᵃ טרשי פ׳ sales customary at Paphunia, v. טַרְשָׁא. ↗ expanded
פָּפוּנְיָאPaphunia (supposed to be Epiphania on the Euphrates; v. Neub. Géogr., p. 360; v., however, פַּפָּא II). B. Bath. 16ᵃ; Yalk. Sam. 77; Yalk. Job 893. Pes. 42ᵃ. Nidd. 67ᵇ ↗ expanded
פַּפּוּס (Πάππος) Pappus, P. b. Judah, the alleged husband of the mother of Jesus of Nazareth. Sabb. 104ᵇ (missing in editions under censorial supervision). Tosef. Sot. V, 9 כגון פ׳ בן י׳ שהיה נועל וכ׳ (not שנועל) like P. b. J. who locked the door before his wife (refused to live with her on account of a suspicion); Y. ib. I, 17ᵃ bot.; Y. Kidd. IV, 66ᵃ והודה בן פ׳; Gitt. 90ᵃ פ׳ בן י׳; Num. R. s. 9 י׳ בן פ׳. Pappus (ben Judah), mentioned in connection with לוּלְיָינוֹס, q. v. Sifra B’ḥuck., Par. 2, ch. V; Y. Taan. II, 66ᵃ top פיפוס (corr. acc.); a. fr. Pappus, father of R. Judah, a contemporary of R. Joshua. Y. B. Bath. V, 15ᵃ bot.; Y. Ber. II, end, 5ᵈ.—[Gen. R. s. 21 ר׳ פ׳; Eduy. VII, 5 פפוס Ms. M., v. פַּפְּיָיס.] ↗ expanded
פפוסיאa certain ingredient put in colors (?). Midr. Sam. ch. V. [The entire passage shows evidences of corruption.] ↗ expanded
*פפי , Pi.פִּפָּה (cmp. פִּיף) to mouth, talk in a proud manner. Treat. Der. Er. ch. II המנמין והמְפַפִּין בידיהם those who speak and mouth (gesticulating) with their hands. ↗ expanded
פַּפִּיPappi, name of an Amora, son-in-law of R. Yitsḥaḳ Napp’ḥa. Ḥull. 110ᵃ; a. fr. an otherwise unknown person. B. Bath. 48ᵇ Rashi a. Mss. (ed. פאפי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 60). a fictitious name in an incantation formula. Gitt. 69ᵃ.—V. פָּאפִי↗ expanded
פַּפְּיָיס (Παπίας) Papias, name of a Tannai. Eduy. VII, 5, sq. (Ms. M. פפוס, corr. acc.); R. Hash. 6ᵃ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 8); Tem. III, 1. Shek. IV, 7 (early eds. פפוס; Ms. O. פפיאס, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l., p. 32, note 90). Yalk. Gen. 34; Gen. R. s. 21 פפוס (corr. acc.); Cant. R. to I, 9 פפיס. Mekh. Yithro, ʿĂmal., s. 1 פפיס. ↗ expanded
פַּפְיָיר (cmp. πάπυρος) papyrus, linen made of papyrus. Gen. R. s. 37, end כלי פ׳ garments made of papyrus; Yalk. ib. 62; Yalk. Chr. 1073. ↗ expanded
פָּפִילְיוֹן (papilio) pavilion, tent, curtain. Pesik. Vayhi, p. 2ᵃ עשו לה פ׳ … בתוך פ׳ Ar. (ed. פָּאפִילְיוֹן) make a tent for her (my daughter), and I shall speak to her in the tent; Cant. R. to III, 9 פָּפִלְיוֹן; Yalk. Ex. 365 אפוליון (corr. acc.; Yalk. Cant. 986 קִיטוֹן). Yalk. Ps. 735 נטל פיפילון ופירש עליו (corr. acc.) he took a curtain and spread it over him (David’s body); Ruth R. s. 3, beg. פיפקין (corr. acc.). Yalk. Ps. 650 (ref. to Ps. X, 11, a. Job XXII, 14) הדיין הזה משהן נותנין פסליון לפניו וכ׳ (read: מותחין פפ׳) when they spread the curtain before him, the judge no longer sees what is going on; Midr. Till. ed. Bub. to Ps. l. c. נותנין פליטין (corr. acc.; Gen. R. s. 36, beg. מותחין כילה; Lev. R. s. 5, beg. הוילון).—Pl. פָּפִילְיוֹנוֹת (f.), פָּפִילְיוֹנִין. Y. Erub. VI, 23ᶜ bot. פ׳ מגיעות עד הקורות curtains reaching to the ceiling. Y’lamd. to Num. XI, 16 quot. in Ar. אנו עושין לך פ׳ וכ׳ we will make thee curtains, and none shall see thee. ↗ expanded
פַּץ (פצץ, to split) board.—Pl. פַּצִּים, פַּצִּין. Maasr. I, 7 מבין הפ׳ Mish. a. Y. ed. (Bab. ed. הפַּסִּים; Ms. M. הפצ׳) oil from between boards of the press. Men. 33ᵇ הניחה בפצין (Rashi בפצים) if he placed the inscription in the boards of the door frame; v. פַּצִּים. ↗ expanded
פַּצָּא , board; (cmp. דַּף) column or page (of writing).—Pl. פַּצִּין. Targ. Jer. XXXVI, 23 (Ar. a. Levita פַּצִּים h. pl.; Levita emends פצימין; h. text דלתות). ↗ expanded
פְּצַח (= b. h. (= b. h. פָּצַח) to burst, open, v. פְּצִיחַ. (cmp. פָּצַעHif.; v. Syr. פצח P. Sm. 3208) [to spread,] to sparkle, be bright, v. פַּצִּיחַ. Pa. פַּצֵּחַ (with עינא) to brighten the eye-sight. Ab. Zar. 28ᵇ פַּצּוּחֵי עינא to apply a paint (on the Sabbath) for the sake of brightening the eye-sight. ↗ expanded
פַּצְחָא (preced.) open, unwalled place.—Pl. פַּצְחִין, פַּצְחַיָּא. Targ. O. Lev. XXV, 31 (some ed. פִּצְ׳). [Targ. Ps. LXXXIX, 41 Ms., v. פְּצִיחַ.] ↗ expanded
פְּצָחָה (פצח) breaking forth, joy. Pesik. Ronni, p. 141ᵇ (one of ten expressions for joy); Yalk. Is. 338. ↗ expanded
פְּצֵי [to split] to open (the mouth). Targ. Job XXXV, 6 (Ms. פָּאצֵי). (cmp. פָּדָה a. פָּדַע) to rescue, save. Ib. XXXVI, 16 פְּצָאִינָךְ (h. text הסיתך). Targ. Ps. XXII, 9; a. fr. (cmp. פָּצַע) to branch off. Ab. Zar. 17ᵃ חד פָּצֵי לע"ז וכ׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) one road branched off towards an idolatrous temple, and another to a house of prostitution.— to pass between. Pes. 111ᵃ ואי פ׳ Ar. (Ms. O. 2 פַּצְיָא; Ms. O. 2 אִיפְּסַע ed. ממצעין) and if one (she) passes. Pa. פַּצֵּי,Af. אַפְצֵיto deliver, save. Targ. Ps. LXX, 2. Targ. Prov. XIV, 25 (ed. Wil. Af.).—B. Bath. 45ᵃ דינא הוא דמְפַצֵּי ליה מיניה (or דמַפְצֵי) the law is that he (who sold the ass) must rescue it from him (the gentile that took it by force; i.e. must restore the ass to the buyer or indemnify him). Keth. 91ᵇ לא מְפַצִּינָא לך (or מַפְצִינָא) I shall not be bound to restore it to thee. Ib. 92ᵃ; a. e. Ithpe. אִתְפְּצֵיto be delivered. Targ. Prov. II, 12; 16. ↗ expanded
פַּצִּיד (פצץ, פצי, with format. ד; v. preced.) cut, trench, rivulet. Targ. Is. XXX, 14.—Pl. פַּצִּידִין, פַּצִּידַיָּא, פְּצִי׳. Targ. II Kings III, 16. Targ. Job XIV, 11 Ms. (ed. פַּרְצִיד׳, פַּרְצִד׳). [that which is cut out; cmp. בְּקַעַת,] lump of ore.—Pl. as ab. Ib. XL, 18. (cmp. אָפִיק, פָּרִיץ) strong, violent man.—Pl. as ab. Ib. XLI, 7.—V. פַּרְצִידָא↗ expanded
פְּצִיחַ 1 (פְּצַח) open, an unwalled place, v. פַּצְחָא.—Pl. פְּצִיחִין, פְּצִיחַיָּא. Targ. Y. Num. XIII, 19 כרכין פ׳ (ed. Vien. פְּצִיחֵי; h. text מחנים). Targ. Esth. IX, 19. Ib. 27 (ed. Vien. פַּצִּיחַ׳). Targ. Josh. XIII, 23; 28 (ed. Lag. a. oth. פּצְחֵיהֶן; h. text חצר־). Targ. Ps. LXXXIX, 41 פְּצִיחוֹי (ed. Wil. פַּצִיחוֹי, Ms. פַּצְחוֹי; h. text מבצר־!); a. fr. bright; checkered, v. פַּצִּיחַ. ↗ expanded
פְּצִיחַ 2P’tsiaḥ (Open Town). Targ. O. Deut. II, 23 ed. Lsb. (oth. ed. רפיח, דפיח, v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 50; h. text חצרים). ↗ expanded
פַּצִּיחַ (פְּצַח) bright, sparkling. Targ. Is. XVIII, 4 (ed. Wil. פָּצוֹחַ). checkered.— Pl. פַּצִּיחִין. Targ. O. Gen. XXXI, 10; 12 ed. Berl. (ed. Amst. פְּ׳). Targ. Zech. VI, 3; 6. open place, v. פְּצִיחַ I. ↗ expanded
פַּצִּים (פצם) board. Sabb. VIII, 7 כדי ליתן בין פ׳ לחבירו as much as is required between one board and another (when they are piled up).—[Maasr. I, 7 הפצים, v. פַּץ.]—Esp. the board nailed against the wall to form a door-frame, door-post. Men. 34ᵃ בית שאין לו אלא פ׳ אחד a room which has only one door-post (the corner wall serving for the other post). Ib. 33ᵇ הניחה בפצים Rashi, v. פַּץ.—Pl. פַּצִּימִין. Ib. לפי שאין לה פ׳ because it (the exedra) has no door-frame. Ib. עדי פצימו ed. (Ms. M. פצימין, read: פַּצִּימָיו), v. עָדֵי I. Erub. 93ᵃ פַּצִּימֶיהָ, v. שָׁוָה. B. Bath. 12ᵃ פרץ את פַּצִימָיו if he broke open its door-frame (opened again a walled up entrance). Y. Ab. Zar. III, 43ᵇ מפרק את פצימיו he takes out its door-posts; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּצִּים ² [Targ. Jer. XXXVI, 23 פצים some ed., v. פַּצָּא.]—Pl. פַּצִּימִין, פַּצִּימַיָּא, פַּצִּימֵי. Men. 33ᵇ דאית להי פ׳ ולית להו מזוזתא that have door-posts, and yet have no inscriptions; a. e.—Trnsf. column, page (of writing). Pl. as ab. Targ. II Esth. VI, 1. Targ. Jer. l. c., v. פַּצָּא↗ expanded
פְּצִיעָה (פָּצַע) splitting, cracking. Sabb. 75ᵃ פ׳ בכלל דישה opening the purple snail (squeezing the fluid out) is an act coming under the category of threshing. an open wound.—Pl. פְּצִיעוֹת. Snh. 37ᵇ; Tanḥ. B’resh. 9, a. e. פ׳ פ׳ several wounds, contrad. to חבורות. Y. Kil. IX, end, 32ᵈ היו בראשו פ׳ (not בראשי פצעיות) if one has several wounds on his head. ↗ expanded
פָּצַלto split, peel. Pi. פִּיצֵּלto split, divide, branch off; to peel, lay bare. Bekh. VI, 5, v. infra.—Part. pass. מְפוּצָּל; f. מְפוּצֶּלֶת; pl. מְפוּצָּלִים, מְפוּצָּלִין; מְפוּצָּלוֹת. Men. XI, 6 (96ᵃ) מפ׳ מראשיהן (Mish. ed. מוּפְצָלִין) forked at the top; Tosef. ib. XI, 7; Yalk. Ex. 369. Ḥull. 59ᵇ מפ׳ (קרנים) forked horns (antlers). Yalk. Ps. 685, v. infra. Hif. הִפְצִילto split, divide. Bekh. VI, 5 (39ᵇ) היה … מַפְצִיל עצם Mish. (Bab. ed. מְפַצֵּל) if the top end (root) of the tail divides the bone (i.e. if the backbone is branched at the place where the tail begins; Rashi מפציל את העצם peels the backbone, i.e. if the end of the backbone is bare of skin and flesh). to form branches, branch off. Yoma 29ᵃ מה אילה זו קרניה מַפְצִילוֹת לכאן ולכאן אף שחר זה מפציע וכ׳ as the antlers of the hind branch off this way and that way, so the light of dawn spreads &c.; (Yalk. Ps. 685 … מפוצלות … מְפַצֵּל וכ׳). Yoma l. c. כל זמן שמגדלת קרניה מפצילות as long as it grows, its antlers form additional branches every year; Yalk. l. c. to form streaks, to wrinkle. Nidd. 47ᵃ (expl. משיכסיף) משיפְצִיל ראש החוטם (Ar. משיִפָּצֵל) when the skin of the central circle of the oblate part of the breast appears wrinkled. Nif. נִפְצָלto be peeled, streaked, v. supra. ↗ expanded
פְּצַל , to peel, skim. Y. Bets. V, 63ᵃ, v. כָּא. Ithpa. אִיפַּצֵּל,Ithpe. אִיפְּצִילto be split, branch off. Yoma 71ᵇ, a. e. עמרא אִיפַּצּוּלֵי מִיפַּצְּלָא wool (on the sheep) splits off (does not grow like stalks); כיתנא נמי איפצולי מִפְּצִיל but flax also splits!; v. כִּיתַּן. Ḥull. 59ᵇ היכא דמִיפַּצְּלָא לא דין וכ׳ when the horn is branched, there is no question (that the animal belongs to the beasts of chase, חַיָּה).—Erub. 29ᵇ, v. בְּצַל. ↗ expanded
פְּצַם , a. preced.) to split, break. Pa. פַּצֵּיםto break open, frame an aperture. Targ. Jer. XXII, 14 (h. text קרע).—V. פַּצִּים. ↗ expanded
פָּצַע cmp. preced.) to split, crack or squeeze open; to wound. B. Kam. 93ᵃ הכני פְּצָעֵנִי על מנת לפטור פטור (if one said to one’s neighbor) strike me, wound me, with the condition that thou be free (from indemnity): he is free. Ib. הכני פצעני על מנת לפטור וכ׳ (if he said) ‘strike me, wound me’, (and he is aked,) with the condition that I shall be free?, and he answers, yes. Sabb. VII, 2 הפּוֹצֵעַ שני חוטין he who divides off two threads (on the loom). Tosef. ib. VIII (IX), 21 כדי לִפְצוֹעַ וכ׳ large enough to divide with it two threads (on each side) at a time. Yalk. Gen. 38 פְּצַעְתִּיו, v. פֶּצַע. Sabb. 75ᵃ הצד חלזון והפּוֹצְעוֹ he who catches a snail and breaks it open (squeezes it out); Tosef. ib. VIII (IX), 2 לפצעו (corr. acc.). Sabb. l. c. שפְּצָעוֹ מת when he squeezed it out after it was dead. Y. ib. XVII, beg. 16ᵃ לִפְצוֹעַ בו אגוזים to open nuts with it. Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. I, 6 פּוֹצְעִין את מוחו וכ׳ (not פצעין), v. גֶּזֶר; a. fr.—Part. pass. פָּצוּעַ; pl. פְּצוּעִים, פְּצוּעִין. Teb. Yom III, 6 זיתים פ׳ burst olives. Ter. X, 7 פְּצוּעֵי תרומה burst olives set aside for priests’ gifts; a. e.—Esp. פְּצוּעַ דַּכָּא (פְּ׳ דַּכָּה) one whose testicles are crushed (forbidden to marry, Deut. XXIII, 2). Yeb. VIII, 1. Ib. 2 איזה פ׳ ד׳ כל שנִפְצְעוּ וכ׳ what is meant by p’tsuʿa dakka? One whose testicles, one or both, are crushed. Ib. 75ᵇ פ׳ ד׳ בידי שמים כשר one whose testicles are crushed from a natural cause (not through human action) is permitted to marry. Ib. (ref. to Deut. l. c.) היינו דקרינן פְּצוּעַ ולא קרינן פְּצִיעַ Ar. it is therefore (to indicate human action) that the text has p’tsuʿa, (one that has been mashed) and not p’tsiʿa (one who is mashed); [ed. פצוע … הַפָּצוּעַ …, v. Rashi]. Ib. פ׳ בכולן the expression ‘mashed’ refers to all parts of the genitals.— to divide the ends of a web, fringe. Men. 40ᵇ כיון שפָּצְעוּ בה שלשה (Ms. M. שצבעו, Mss. R. a. K. שבצעו, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) as soon as they had fringed three fingers’ lengths of it. Pi. פִּיצֵּעַsame. Y. Maasr. I, end, 49ᵇ זית שפִּיצְּעוּ וכ׳ olives which they opened with unclean hands; Tosef. Toh. X, 11 שפצעו; Sabb. 145ᵃ המְפַצֵּעַ בזתיס וכ׳; a. e.; v. infra HifNif. נִפְצַע,Nithpa. נִתְפַּצֵּעַto be split, squeezed open, crushed; to be wounded. Y. Taan. I, 63ᵈ top נ׳ בנו his son was wounded (or had a fracture). Yeb. l. c.; a. e.—Num. R. s. 10 (ref. to Prov. XXIII, 29) זו הזונה … נִפְצַעַת וכ׳ that is the adulteress who is wounded with wounds of love, ‘for naught’, without any wound through her husband. Orl. III, 8 נִתְפַּצְּעוּ האגוזים if the nuts (in the mixture) were cracked; Tosef. Ter. V, 10. Hif. הִפְצִיעַto split. Y. Shek. VI, beg. 49ᶜ מַפְצִיעַ עצים splitting wood. Snh. IX, 6 מַפְצִיעִין את מוחו וכ׳; Y. ib. X, 28ᵈ bot. ומְפַצְּעִין וכ׳, v. גֶּזֶר; a. e. to branch off, spread, scatter. Yoma 28ᵇ תימור של חמה מַפְצִיעַ לכאן ולכאן the light-column of the dawn irradiates in all directions, opp. to מתמר ועולה כמקל, v. תָּמַר. Ib. 38ᵃ של הללו מפציע וכ׳ the smoke column of the frankincense prepared by them branched off in all directions. Ib. 29ᵃ, v. פָּצַל; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּצַע Targ. Y. Gen. XXII, 3 Ar. (ed. קטע; h. text בקע). Targ. Jud. V, 26, v. פְּעַע.—Gen. R. s. 93 (ref. to בי, Gen. XLIV, 18) בי ולא ביה … אם למִפְצַע קיסין אנא וכ׳ take me, not him (Benjamin), if for drawing water, I am (strong enough to do it), if for attendance, I am &c., if for splitting wood, I &c.—Part. pass. פָּצִיעַ; f. פְּצִיעָא. Ib. s. 68 דין מוחיה פ׳ (some ed. פצועין, corr. acc.) this one had his skull fractured; Lev. R. s. 8 פְּצִיעָה; Num. R. s. 3 דין רישיה פצוע ודין ידיה פצוע (corr. acc.) the one had his head broken, the other, his arm; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 5; a. e. Pi. פַּצַּעsame. Y. Snh. II, 20ᶜ bot. חמא … מְפַצַּע קיסין he saw R. Ḥ. … split wood. ↗ expanded
פֶּצַעpreced.) wound. Yalk. Gen. 38 (ref. to Gen. IV, 23) וכי איש אשר הרגתי וכי פצעתיו מזיד שיהא הפ׳ קרוי על שמי was it a man I killed? and did I wound him wilfully, that the wound should be called by my name?; Tanḥ. B’resh. 11; a. fr.—Num. R. s. 10, v. פָּצַע.—Pl. פְּצָעִים, constr. פִּצְעֵי. Ib. Gen. R. s. 22 (ref. to Gen. l. c.) דבר שהוא עושה פ׳ he struck him with something which makes open wounds (with a stone). Gen. R. s. 23 שיבואו עלי פ׳ בשבילו that wounds (sufferings) must come upon me on his account? Yeb. 63ᵇ (quot. fr. Ben Sira) רבים היו פצעי רוכל וכ׳ many have been the wounds of the peddlers that lead to indecencies (by selling exciting perfumes); a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּצְעִילִין (פָּצַע, with format, ל) burst fruits, fruits that fell off in an unripe state and were placed in the sun to ripen. Sabb. 45ᵇ top פַּצְעִילֵי תמרה dates lying on the roof to ripen; Bets. 40ᵃ; cmp. פִּיצּוּלַיָּא. ↗ expanded
פֶּקָאPeḳa, name of a cave. Koh. R. to X, 8 מערתא דפ׳ (ed. Wil. דפֶקַע); Pesik. B’shall., p. 88ᵇ דבֶקַע. ↗ expanded
פָּקַד (b. h.) [to search, examine] to visit; (euphem.) to have marital connection with. Yeb. 62ᵇ ואינו פוֹקְדָהּ and does not visit her (in due time, v. עוֹנָה I). Ib. חייב אדם לִפְקוֹד וכו׳ a man is bound to visit his wife before going on a journey.—Treat. S’maḥ. ch. VIII יוצאין … ופוֹקְדִין על המתים וכ׳ you may go out to the burial ground and call upon the dead until three days (after being placed in the sepulchral chamber), and there is no superstitious practice in that; מעשה שפְּקָדוֹ אחד וכ׳ it occurred that one visited an entombed person, and the latter (was found living and) lived twenty years thereafter; a. fr. (of the Lord) to visit, remember, decree upon. Tanḥ. Vayera 14 בלשון … אני פוֹקְדָךְ with the same expression … I will remember thee (bless thee with issue). Ib. הרוני פוֹקֵד לאברהם וכ׳ I will remember Abraham (relieve him from impotence) at the same time with Abimelech (ref. to Gen. XX, 17-XXI, 1). Pesik. R. s. 43 כשבא לפקוד את חנה when the Lord came to visit Hannah; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. פָּקוּד; f. פְּקוּדָה; pl. פְּקוּדִים, פְּקוּדִין; פְּקוּדוֹת. Snh. 97ᵃ עד שהראשונה פ׳ שנייה וכ׳ while the first calamity is remembered (by the Lord for delivery), the second quickly comes. to count, muster; v. פָּקוּד, פְּקִידָה, פִּיקּוּד. (denom. of פָּקִיד, interch. with Hif.) to give in charge, entrust, deposit. Pesik. R. l. c. בעל פקדונות אני … פּוֹקֵד אצלי אני נותן לו I (the Lord) am a trustee, whatever a man deposits with me, I give back to him. Ib. נפשות פְּקַדְתֶּם אצלי וכ׳ you (Abraham and Sarah) deposited souls with me (converted souls to the belief in me), I will pay you back in souls (ref. to Gen. XXI, 1); a. fr. (denom. of פָּקִיד) to command, order. Ib. s. 42 פָּקַדְתִּי לאדם וכ׳ I gave Adam a command, and he did not do it; פקדתי למלאך וכ׳ I commissioned the angel of death, and he did (what I commanded him). Shebu. VII, 7 (45ᵃ) שבועה שלא פְּקָדָנוּ אבא we swear that our father has not left us any order (concerning this case); Y. Keth. VII, 33ᵇ פִּיקְּדָנוּ. Shebu. 48ᵇ מה לי שלא פְקָרַנֵי אבא ושלא פקדני אחי what is the difference between the oath of an heir ‘that my father has not left me an order’, and ‘that my brother &c.’?; a. fr. Pi. פִּיקֵּדsame, v. supra. Nif. נִפְקַד,Hithpa. הִתְפַּקֵּד, , Nithpa.נִתְפַּקֵּדto be visited, remembered, decreed upon. Gen. R. s. 53 בשעה שנִפְקְדָה … נִפְקְדוּ עמה when Sarah was visited &c., v. עֲקָרָה. Ib. אינו דין שתִּפָּקֵד is it not right that she should be visited? Tanḥ. Vayera 13 תהי נִפְקֶדֶת she shall be remembered. R. Hash. 11ᵃ. Pesik. R. s. 42 בדין הוא שיִפָּקֵד אברהם it is right that Abraham be visited. Ib. שתִּתְפַּקֵּד אף היא that she be likewise visited. Lev. R. s. 29; Pesik. Baḥod., p. 150ᵇ (quot. from Rab’s New Year’s prayer) ובריות בו יִפָּקֵדוּ להזכירם וכ׳ and creatures are passed upon on that day to record them for life or for death; a. fr. to be commanded, commissioned. Pesik. R. l. c. יש שנתפ׳ ולא עשה וכ׳ some are commanded and do not (what they are ordered to) &c. Mekh. B’shall., Vayassʿa, s. 4 עשו מה שנִתְפַּקְּדוּ they did what they were commanded to do; a. e. Hif. הִפְקִידto give in charge, deposit. B. Mets. III, 1 המַפְקִיד אצל וכ׳ if a man deposits for safe-keeping with his neighbor &c. Ib. 36ᵃ sq. כל המפקיד על דעת אשתו ובניו הוא מפקיד he who deposits with his neighbor, does so with the presumptive condition that the latter’s wife and children be also trustees (and it was no breach of trust to leave the deposit in their charge). Gen. R. s. 53 עמלק ה׳ אצלי וכ׳ Amalek deposited with me bundles of thorns (wrong-doings) &c.; שרה הִפְקִידָה אצלי וכ׳ Sarah deposited with me virtues and good deeds &c. Pesik. R. s. 43; a. fr.—B. Mets. 35ᵃ ופרקין המפקיד הוה and our subject at college was hammafḳid (the Mishnah B. Mets. l. c. and the discussions concerning it).—Part. pass. מוּפְקָד; f. מוּפְקֶדֶת &c. B. Kam. 105ᵃ כגון שהיתה … מופ׳ ביד אחרים when his father’s bag was left in trust with other people; a. e. to take charge of. Yalk. Deut. 847 הַפְקֵד לי הפקדון הזה take this object in charge for me. ↗ expanded
פְּקַדto command. Targ. O. Lev. VIII, 31 פַּקְדִּית Mss. (oth. ed. Ithpa.; ed. Berl. Pa., v. infra). [to give in charge,] to store up.—Part. pass. פָּקִיד; pl. פְּקִידי. Keth. 5ᵇ מִיפְּקַד פקיד, v. חֲבַר. Pes. 33ᵇ משקין מיפקד פקידי (Rashi: מִיפְּקִיד) liquids (in grapes) are stored up (the shell being merely a vessel), opp. מיבלע בליעי. Pa. פַּקֵּידto command, commission. Targ. Gen. VII, 5; 9 (ed. Berl. פַּק׳, without Dagesh). Ib. XLIX, 33. Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 29. Targ. Am. IX, 3, sq. (ed. Wil. אַפְקִידAf.); a. v. fr.—Pesik. Baḥod., p. 155ᵇ רבי … הוה מְפַקֵּד לחבריה וכ׳ R. Z. commanded the students (saying), go and hear R. L. preach; Y. R. Hash. IV, beg. 59ᵇ. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᶜ bot.; ib. דרבי מיפקד (corr. acc.). Koh. R. to III, 2 הוה מפקד גו ביתיה gave orders in his house (made his will); a. fr.—Part. pass. מְפַקַּד, v. infra. Af. אַפְקֵידsame, v. supra.—2) to give in charge, deposit. B. Mets. 36ᵃ הוו מַפְקְדֵי מרייהו וכ׳ used to leave their hoes in charge of a certain old woman; יומא חד אפקדינהו וכ׳ one day they left them with &c.; a. fr. Ithpa. אִתְפַּקֵּד,Ithpe. אִתְפְּקִיד, אִיפְּקִידto be commanded. Targ. O. Lev. VIII, 31, v. supra. Ib. 35. Targ. Ex. XXXIV, 34; a. fr.—Ab. Zar. 14ᵃ; 21ᵃ מִיפְקְדִינָן Rashi (ed. מְפַקְּדִינָן, Part. pass. Pa.), v. פָּנִים. to be given in charge, be deposited. Targ. Lev. V, 23 (O. ed. Lsb. אִתַּפְקַד).—Keth. 5ᵇ; Pes. 33ᵇ, v. supra. ↗ expanded
פִּקָּדוֹןpreced.) thing given in charge, deposit. Gen. R. s. 93, beg. לית שמיה פקדון אלא פּוּק דּוֹן (some ed. פוקדון in one word) it ought not to be called piḳḳadon, but puḳ don (go out of this, avoid it; דון for דין). Shebu. V, 1 שבועת הפ׳ the oath concerning a deposit. Ib. 2 תן לי פִקְדּוֹנִי give me my deposit back. Ib. VI, 7 מי שהפ׳ אצלו the trustee. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Num. V, 12 ומעלה בו מעל, a. Lev. V, 21) לפי שהיא כופרת בפ׳ because she betrays a trust; מה ממון הקל כל הכופר בפ׳ … בפִקְדּוֹן גוף וכ׳ if in money matters which are of slighter import, he who denies a deposit is considered like denying the Lord, how much more so is one who denies the deposit of a body (purity of the family)! Tanḥ. Shof’ṭim 12 פ׳ אחד … תן לו פִּקְדּוֹנוֹ וכ׳ one deposit has he (the Lord) with thee, give it back to him and make thyself a god; ומה פקדונו וכ׳ and what is his deposit? Said she, the soul within thee; a. v. fr.—Pl. פִּקְדּוֹנוֹת, פִּיקְ׳. Gen. R. l. c. ברח מן הפ׳ flee from receiving trusts; Yeb. 109ᵃ.—בעל פ׳ trustee. Gen. R. s. 53; Pesik. R. s. 43, v. פָּקַד; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּקַדְתָּא (preced. wds.) order, last will. Gitt. 50ᵇ בשטר פ׳ it means the order of dispositions in the written will. ↗ expanded
פָּקוּד , pl. פְּקוּדִים(b. h. mustered, included in the census. B. Bath. 121ᵇ (ref. to Num. XIV, 29) מי שפְּקוּדָיו מבן עשרים … שפקודיו וכ׳ every tribe whose members are mustered from twenty years and upward, to the exclusion of the tribe of Levi whose members are enlisted from thirty years. ↗ expanded
פְּקוֹדָאֵיinhabitants of Pekod. Targ. Ez. XXIII, 23. ↗ expanded
פְּקוּדָּהwatch, guard. Neg. V, 3 שער הפ׳ hair of a leprous spot which remains after the inflammation has partly receded.—[פְּקוּדָה, Snh. 97ᵃ, v. פָּקַד.—Num. R. s. 4, v. פְּקִידָה.] ↗ expanded
פְּקוֹלִיP’ḳoli (Cotton Dealer (?), v. next w.), surname of Simon, a Tannai. Ber. 28ᵇ; Meg. 17ᵇ ↗ expanded
פְּקוֹלִין (פָּקַל; cmp. פּוּקְלָא) cotton tufts. Nidd. 17ᵃ בפ׳ או בצמר וכ׳ (some ed. בפוקלין) with cotton tufts or with wool clean and soft. Ib. (Chald.) מאן בעי פ׳ דנהמא Ar. (ed. פְּקוֹלֵי בנ׳) who wants cotton tufts for the bed (v. נַהֲמָא)? ↗ expanded
פִּקּוּסPiḳḳus, name of a tower. Targ. Jer. XXXI, 37 (ed. Wil. פְּקוּם); Targ. Zech. XIV, 10 (ed. Wil. פִּקוּם; h. text חננאל). ↗ expanded
פַּקּוּעַ Y. Shebi. III, beg. 34ᶜ (expl. מתוק, Shebi. III, 1) פקוע R. S. to Shebi. l. c. (ed. פקועה). Ib. ההן פקועא דבקעתא R. S. (ed. עה …) that means the paḳḳuʿa of the valley. [R. S. cracks in the soil of the valley, v. מָתוֹק II.] ↗ expanded
פַּקּוּעָה , pl. פַּקּוּעוֹת (b. h. Coloquintida, Bitter-Apple, a gourd. Sabb. II, 2 שמן פ׳ gourd-oil. Kel. XVII, 17 של פ׳ (שפופרת) the hollow stem of &c. ↗ expanded
פְּקוֹקֶלֶת , pl. פְּקוֹקְלוֹת (reduplic. of פָּקַל) ramification of sinews. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., ch. XVII, Par. 14 (ref. to החלב … על הכסלים, Lev. III, 10) זה החלב שבין הפ׳ that means the fat between the sinews (in the loins); Tosef. Ḥull. IX, 14 פְּקוֹקְרוֹת; Yalk. Lev. 462 הפקוקרות (or הפְּקוֹקֶרֶת). Sifra l. c., ch. XIX (ref. to Lev. III, 9) להביא את החלב הסמוך … בין הפ׳ this includes the fat near the tail, which is the fat between the sinews. ↗ expanded
פְּקוֹקַלְתָּא Gen. R. s. 78 הא פ׳ דגידא שרי the ramification of the nervus ischiadicus is permitted; Yalk. ib. 133 הדין פ׳ דגידא שריא (read: הדא). ↗ expanded
פָּקַח (b. h.) to break through, open. Pi. פִּיקֵּחַto open. B. Bath. 12ᵇ אפילו … יין מְפַקְּחוֹ even if his heart be closed like a virgin (his mind be dull), wine will open it (make it bright).—Esp. (with גַּל) to open a heap of debris; to attempt to rescue a person supposed to be buried in debris. Ohol. XVI, 4 המְפקּחַ בגל he who digs among debris (not knowing certainly that a corpse is buried there). Pes. VIII, 6. Keth. 15ᵇ לְפַקֵּחַ עליו את הגל as regards digging for his sake (on the Sabbath). Ib. 5ᵃ מִפַקְּחִין פיקוח נפש, v. פִּיקּוּחַ; a. fr. [to have the eyes open,] to guard, watch, care. Ib. הולכין … לפקח על עסקי רבים וכ׳ we may assemble in synagogues and school houses (in theatres and circuses) in order to watch over public affairs, on the Sabbath. Sabb. 150ᵇ לפקח על עסקי כלה וכ׳ to make arrangements for the reception of a bride &c.; Y. Ber. III, beg. 5ᵈ; a. fr. Nif. נִפֽקַח,Hithpa. הִתְפַּקֵּחַ, , Nithpa.נִתְפַּקֵּחַ (v. פִּקֵּחַ) to recover the faculty of hearing (and speech). Gitt. II, 6. Yeb. 113ᵃ. Gen. R. s. 53; a. e. to recover the faculty of speech. Pesik. R. s. 42 וכל אלם נפקח and every mute was made speaking. *. הִפְקִיחַto cause to escape. B. Bath. 10ᵃ שינה מַפְקַחְתּוֹ, v. פָּכַח. ↗ expanded
פְּקַח 1 , to open (the eye); (with על) to guard, care. Targ. Job XIV, 3. Ib. XXVII, 19. Targ. Ps. (XLVI, 8; a. fr. Pa. פַּקֵּחַto remove debris. Targ. Koh. III, 5. to make open-minded, bright. Hor. 13ᵇ; Snh. 70ᵃ; Yoma 76ᵇ פַּקְחִין (= פקחני) made me open-minded, v. רֵיחָנָא. Ithpe. אִתְפְּקַחto awaken, become sober. Targ. Ps. LXXVIII, 65 (h. text מתרונן). ↗ expanded
פְּקַח 2 (preced.) brighteness, prudence. Targ. Prov. XXVI, 12 פ׳ סכלא וכ׳ Ms. (ed. only סכלא, v. Pesh.) the cunning of a fool is better than his (h. text תקוה). ↗ expanded
פִּקֵּחַ , פִּקַּחַת, פִּיקַּ׳ f. (b. h.; preced. wds.) [open,] (opp. to חֵרֵשׁ) hearing. Yeb. XIV, 1 חרש שנשא פ׳ ופ׳ וכ׳ if a deaf mute married one hearing, or a hearing person married &c.; פ׳ שנשא פ׳ ונתחרשה if one hearing married one hearing, and she became deaf (and dumb); a. fr. (opp. to סוּמָא or עִוֵּר) seeing. Ex. R. s. 36 משל לפ׳ וסומא וכ׳ like a seeing and a blind man walking together &c. Ex. R. s. 3 (ref. to Ex. IV, 11) פ׳ לראייה פ׳ לשמיעהpiḳḳeaḥ refers both to sight and to hearing; a. e. (opp. to טִפֵּשׁ) bright, smart, prudent. Keth. 88ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) אי פ׳ הוא וכ׳ if he (the husband) be prudent, he may cause her to have an oath administered to her according to Biblical law. Y. Meg. II, end, 73ᶜ הוי פ׳ ושתוק be prudent and keep silence; Yoma 7ᵃ. Y. Sabb. II, end, 5ᶜ אשה פ׳ a wise woman; a. fr.—Pl. פִּקְחִים, פִּקְחִין, פִּי׳; פִּקְחוֹת, פִּי׳. Yeb. XIV, 3, sq. Sabb. 153ᵃ. Y. Kidd. IV, 66ᶜ; Treat. Sof’rim XV, 10 רובן … פ׳ most bastards are bright; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּקְטַיָּיא m. pl. = next w. Targ. Ps. LXXV, 9 דורדייהא ופקטייהא (ed. Wil. ופִקְטְיָהָא; h. text שמריה).—B. Mets. 40ᵇ פִּקְטָךְ מאי איעביד להו (sing. form) it is thy froth (of the oil which thou hast deposited with me), what has been done with it? (it is not my fault; Ms. O. מאי אעביד לך what can I do for thee?). ↗ expanded
פִּקְטִים (פקט to burst forth, ferment) froth, foam (of wine or oil). B. Mets. 40ᵇ לוקח … שמרים בלא פ׳ a purchaser of oil must accept a Log and a half of lees (to the barrel), but no froth. Ib. אחד הלוקח ואחד המפקיד לפ׳ the laws concerning foam are the same for the purchaser as for the depositor. Sifré Deut. 324 (ref. to Is. XXV, 6) שמרים שאין בהם כלום דבר אלא פ׳ lees in which there is nothing but froth (foul matter). Esth. R. to I, 3 שמא יתנו שמן פ׳ וכ׳ lest they put frothy (rancid) oil in the lamps, opp. פטים. ↗ expanded
פַּקְטֵין (preced.) to issue froth, to drop semen. Targ. Job XXI, 10 יְפַקְטֵן ed. Lag. (Ar. יְפַקְטיז; ed. Wil. יפלט; h. text יגעיל). ↗ expanded
פָּקֵי (פּוּק; v. אֲפוּקֵי) exit, end. Y. B. Bath. IX, 17ᵃ פ׳ שמיטתא the end of the Sabbatical year (the beginning of the new Sabbatical period). ↗ expanded
פָּקִידappointed to examine, officer, commissioner.— Pl. פְּקִידִים. Pesik. R. s. 42 [read:] הרבה פ׳ יש יש שנתפקד וכ׳ there are various kinds of commissioners (of the Lord), some are appointed &c., v. פָּקַד. Num. R. s. 14 וכבשים כנגד פ׳ and lambs were offered (Num. VII, 83) in behalf of the officers; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּקִידָה (preced.) examination. Nidd. I, 1; Eduy. I, 1 מפ׳ לפ׳ (her uncleanness dates back) from the present examination to the last one. Ib. הרי זו כפ׳ this is as good as an examination; a. fr. divine visitation (for good or for evil), remembrance, decree; use of the verbפָּקַד. Snh. 91ᵇ משעת פ׳ from the moment when it is decreed (what the embryonic germ should grow to be). Pesik. R. s. 42 יש פ׳ לברכה there is a visitation (use of פקד) for blessing; יש פ׳ של גאולה וכ׳ there is a visitation for redemption &c.; Num. R. s. 4, beg. (interch. with פְּקוּדָה). R. Hash. 11ᵃ אתיא פ׳ פ׳ there is an analogy between paḳad (I Sam. II, 21) and paḳad (Gen. XXI, 1). Ex. R. s. 5 סימן הפ׳ the password paḳad (Ex. III, 16, ref. to Gen. L, 24); שמעו הפ׳ they heard the announcement of remembrance (Ex. IV, 31); ויקדו על הפ׳ they bowed in gratitude for the announcement of remembrance; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּקִיעַ 1 (פָּקַע) strip; shreds of garments ravelled into threads for wicks. Shek. V, 1 בן בבי (ממונה) על הפ׳ Ben Bebai was appointed to superintend the preparation of wicks from the shreds of priestly garments; Y. Peah VIII, 21ᵃ (interch. with הפתילה). a strip of leather, a strap used as a whip. Yoma 23ᵃ לוקה … בפ׳ he is smitt en by the overseer with a strap (expl. מַדְרָא, מְטַרְקָא). Ib. (ref. to Shek. l. c.) אמינא מאי פ׳ נגדא I would now say, p’ḳiʿa means strap (appointed to execute punishment).—Eduy. III, 5 בית הפ׳ (Rabad הפְּקִיעָה) that end of the bow from which the thong is snapped [that which is to be stripped or ravelled,] bundle, bunch. B. Kam. 117ᵃ הרשט לי פ׳ זה Ar. (ed. פ׳ עמיר) hand me this bunch (of sheaves). Tosef. B. Mets. VIII, 4; a. e.—Pl. פְּקִיעִים, פְּקִיעִין. Sabb. XXIV, 2 מתירין פְּקִיעֵי עמיר וכ׳ you may untie bundles of sheaves for the cattle &c. Ib. 155ᵃ הן הן פ׳ הן הן כיפין p’ḳiin and kippin mean the same things. Ib. פ׳ תרי bunches are called p’ḳiin, when tied with two bands, v. כִּיפָּה. Tosef. Succ. I, 4; a. e. that which has been chipped off, piece.—Pl. as ab., v. פֶּקַע↗ expanded
פְּקִיעַ 2 ch. m. (פְּקַע) spread, well-known. Yeb. 37ᵇ דפ׳ שמייהו their names are well-known (v. פְּקַעAf. 2).—2) = בְּקִיעַ, expert. B. Bath. 164ᵇ ומי פ׳ ובי וכ׳ Ar. a. Ms. F. (Ms. M. בָּקִי; ed. בְּקִיעַ) is Rabbi an expert in &c.?; a. e.—Pl. פְּקִיעֵי. Shebu. 42ᵃ Ms. F.; v. בְּקִיעַ II. ↗ expanded
פָּקַלto split, peel. Pi. פִּיקֵּלsame, esp. to strip onions. Maasr. I, 6 הבצלים משיְפַקֵּל ואם אינו מְפַקֵּל וכ׳ (Y. ed. משיְפַקֵּילוּ; Ms. M. משיקפלו מקפל …) onions are subject to tithes when one begins to strip them (for storage), and if one does not want to strip &c., v. עֲרֵימָה; Y. ib. 49ᵃ bot. משיְפַקְּלוּ, expl. מן דו ירים וכ׳, v. פּוּרְגָּרָה. Ukts. II, 5 התחיל … לְפַקֵּל בבצלים when one has begun the stripping &c.; (Tosef. ib. II, 13 לקלף). ↗ expanded
פָּקַםto split, perforate (cmp. פצם), esp. to prick an animal’s mouth with the bit; to govern. Num. R. s. 20 (ref. to Num. XXIII, 16) ‘he put a thing in his mouth’ כאדם שנותן … ופוֹקְמָהּ להיכן שירצה as a man puts a bit in the mouth of a beast and makes it go in what direction he desires; כך הקב"ה פוֹקֵם את פיו so the Lord pricked his (Balaam’s) mouth (making him ‘go back’ to Balak); Tanḥ. Balak 13; Y’lamd. to Num. l. c., quot. in Ar. היה פוקם … ופוקמה (ed. Koh. ופוקקה, corr. acc.). Pi. פִּיקֵּםsame, to prick, perforate. Num. R. l. c. (ref. to Num. l. c. 5) שעיקם פיו ופִיקְּמוֹ וכ׳ he (the Lord) curved his mouth (as with a bit) and pierced it as a man drives a nail into a board; Yalk. ib. 765 עיקם את פיו ועקמו (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פָּקַס 1 (cmp. preced.) to tear open, open forcibly. Sabb. 155ᵇ (expl. הַמְרָאָה) מרביצה ופוֹקֵס את פיה וכ׳ (Ms. M. ופוקק) he makes the animal lie down, and opens its mouth wide, and makes it swallow &c.; Tosef. ib. XVIII, 2 ופוקס את צוארו. ↗ expanded
פָּקַס 2 (denom. of פֶּיקָס) to paint the face with rouge (cmp. φυκόω). Sabb. X, 6 וכן הפּוֹקֶסֶת and the same is the case with her who rouges (on the Sabbath); Y. ib. X, end, 12ᵈ הפוקסת חייבת משום צובעה rouging comes under the category of dyeing. Bab. ib. 64ᵇ שלא תכחול ולא תִפְקוֹס that she (the menstruant) must not paint (her eyes) nor rouge. M. Kat. 20ᵇ אינו רשאי לכוף … ולהיות פוקסת dare not force his wife (mourning for a parent) to paint or rouge; a. fr. to make small curls pasted on the forehead. Sabb. 94ᵇ (ref. to Sabb. X, 6) פוקסת משום טווה curling comes under the category of spinning; ib. 95ᵃ גודלת ופוקסת משום בונה plaiting the hair and curling comes under the category of building. Pi. פִּיקֵּסto remove the coils of blossoms on gourds. Maasr. I, 5 משיִפָּקְסוּ ואם אינו מְפקֵּס וכ׳ are subject to tithes when they are trimmed, and if one does not want to trim &c.; B. Mets. 88ᵇ, expl. משינטל פיקס שלהן, v. פֶּיקָס. Y. Maasr. I, 49ᵃ היה מפקס ראשון וכ׳ (not הוה) if one trims one by one (just when he needs them) and boils &c.; עד שיְפַקֵּס כל צורכו until he has trimmed as many as he wants for immediate use; Tosef. ib. I, 5 היה מְפַקֵּיץ ראשין וכ׳ ed. Zuck. Var. Ib. 6 תורמין … אע"פ שלא פִּיקֵּץ ed. Zuck. (Var. פקס) one must give T’rumah of gourds, even if one did not trim them. Y. ib. l. c. פיקס ושילק וכ׳ if he trimmed and boiled &c.; a. e. Nif. נִפְקָסto be trimmed, v. supra. ↗ expanded
פְּקַס , to rouge. Targ. Y. Gen. VI, 2 וּפַקְסָן (not וּפִ׳). ↗ expanded
פַּקְסוּסַיָּה (v. פֶּיקָס a. פִּיקּוּסָא)the coils on the blossom ends of gourds. Y. Maasr. I, 49ᵃ (expl. משיפקסו, Maasr. I, 5) מן דו ירים פ׳ when one removes the coils. ↗ expanded
פָּקַע (cmp. בקע) to split; to burst; to break forth, escape. Gen. R. s. 32 אינו מספיק … עד שהיא פוֹקַעַת he scarcely beats it (the bad flax) once, when it bursts; ib. s. 34; Yalk. Is. 350. Gen. R. l. c. שאינו מקיש עליהם אחת עד שהיא פוקעת he knocks at them (the bad earthen vessels) scarcely once, and one is cracked (ib. s. 32 עד שהוא שוברם). Y. Maasr. III, 50ᵈ top פעמים שהיא פוקעת וכ׳ sometimes it (the fig) bursts under the wheel. Zeb. IX, 6 גחלת שפָּקְעָה מעל וכ׳ a coal that sprang from the altar; אברים שפָּקְעוּ וכ׳ chips of limbs that sprang off the altar. Tosef. Par. III (II), 11 פ׳ מעורה וכ׳ if a part of her skin … (in burning the red cow) leaped off beyond the pit. Ib. 12. Yalk. Num. 761 את הפּוֹקְעִין the portions which spring off, v. פֶּקַע; a. fr.—Pesik. R. s. 11 או שמא תִפְקַע האוזן וכ׳ (or תִפָּקַעNif.) or (I would venture to say it, were I not afraid,) lest the ear of the hearer burst, i.e. it is almost blasphemous to say it; (Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 2 כדי שתבקע אוזן it is enough for an ear to burst). Y. Yeb. I, 2ᶜ bot. פקעו ממנה קידושין (not ופקעו) the betrothal rebounds from her, i.e. has no legal effect, opp. חלו עליה.—Part. pass. פָּקוּעַ; f. פְּקוּעָהan animal which is ripped open;בן (ה) פ׳ an animal taken alive out of the slaughtered mother’s womb. Ḥull. 69ᵃ; a. fr. Pi. פִּקֵּעַto cause splitting. Y. Pes. VII, 35ᵇ top שלא לפַקֵּעַ תחת הבשר in order not to cause a splitting of the bone under the flesh, v. פֶּקַע. Hif. הִפְקִיעַto split, break open. Sabb. III, 3 (38ᵇ) לא יַפְקִיעֶנָּה בסודרין he must not break it (the egg) over a hot cloth, Rashi (oth. interpret.: he must not cause it to crack by wrapping it in a hot cloth and rolling it; v. Tosaf. Yom Tob a. l.). to strip, pluck, ravel out. Bets. 31ᵇ מתיר ומַפְקִיעַ וחותך may untie (the knot, v. חוֹתָם), or ravel out or cut through; Sabb. 146ᵃ; Y. ib. XV, beg. 15ᵃ, a. e. ומַפְקִיעִין, v. פִּקְפֵּק. Succ. V, 3 מהן היו מַפְקִיעִין ובהן היו מדליקין they stripped them (the worn-out belts of priests) and used them for wicks; Sabb. 21ᵃ בגדי … מפקיעין אותן ומהן היו עושין פתילות וכ׳ they ravelled out priestly garments and made of them wicks &c.; expl. Y. Succ. V, 55ᵇ bot. מפשילים, v. פָּשַׁל. Esth. R. to I, 6 הכל מפקיעין בחבלי וכ׳ all make straps (for their couches) of woolen or flax ropes, and this wicked man uses byssus and purple; a. fr.—2) [to cause breaking loose,] to release, cancel an obligation. Yeb. 66ᵇ sq., a. fr. הקדש … מפקיעין מידי שעבוד consecration (of a pledged object), leavened matter (on the entrance of Passover), and liberation (of a pledged slave) cause a release from mortgage (cancel the mortgage contract). Bekh. 5ᵃ אין בכור מפקיע בכור a first-born Levite could not serve as ransom for a first-born Israelite; דיו לבכור שיַפְקִיעַ וכ׳ it was enough for the firstborn Levite that he released his own consecration (that he needed no priest to be substituted for him); a. fr. ה׳ השער to break up, unsettle the market, to raise prices arbitrarily, create a panic. Taan. II, 9 שלא להַפְקִיעַ השערים in order not to cause a sudden rise of market prices (by creating the impression of impending scarcity). Meg. 17ᵇ כנגד מַפְקִיעֵי שערים a prayer against those who raise prices (speculating on a coming scarcity). ↗ expanded
פְּקַע , to burst, break, escape. Pes. 85ᵇ פ׳ איגרא the roof burst, v. זֵיתָא I. B. Mets. 20ᵇ פ׳ ארזא וכ׳ the cedar pillar of the school was cracked, v. לָתָא. Ab. Zar. 33ᵇ פַּקְעוּ they (the vessels) burst. Ib. 28ᵇ פַּקְעָא עינא her eye burst (fell out). Y. M. Kat. I, beg. 80ᵃ דלא יִפְקְעָן וכ׳ lest the grain burst (sprout) and go to ruin.—Ḥull. 89ᵇ פ׳ ליה איסור גיד מיניה has the prohibition resting on the nervus ischiadicus gone from it (ceased to affect it)? Ib. 139ᵃ פַּקְעָה קדושתייהו מינייהו their sacred character has ceased; Y. Keth. VIII, 22ᵇ top פַּקְעַת מינייהו קדושתן; a. fr. Pa. פַּקַּעto break; פ׳ מ־to hinder. Gitt. 44ᵃ מְפַקַּע ליה ממצות (by leaving his slave in the hands of a gentile) he prevents him from living up to the obligations (resting on the Noachidæ, v. נֹחַ); Bekh. 3ᵃ Af. אַפְקַע as preced.Hif., to cancel, cause a release. Shebu. 48ᵇ אתיא שביעית אַפְקַעְתֵּיה the Sabbatical year comes and causes the cancellation of the debt. Gitt. 36ᵇ אלימי לאַפְקוּעֵי ממונא they have the power to declare a debt cancelled. Keth. 3ᵃ, a. fr. כל דמקדש … ואַפְקְעִינְהוּ רבנן וכ׳ whoever betroths a woman, does so in the sense of the rabbinical law (v. דַּעְתָּא), and for an eventuality like this the Rabbis have annulled his betrothal retroactively (so that no divorce would be necessary at all); a. fr. to let go forth, issue, make known. Gitt. 36ᵃ (ref. to בקיאין סימנייהו their pictorial signatures on documents are well known) מעיקרא במאי אַפְקְעִינְהוּ on what kind of writs did they originally issue their signatures (so as to make the public familiar with them)?, v. פְּקִיעַ II. Ithpe. אִתְפְּקַעto be broken into. Targ. II Esth. III, 7 (ref. to ותבקע, II Kings XXV, 4). ↗ expanded
פֶּקַע 1 (preced.) split, crack; that which bounds off, splinter, piece. Gen. R. s. 94 לא נמצא … לא קשר ולא פ׳ there was not in the timber either a knot or a crack; Cant. R. to I, 12. Pes. 84ᵇ משום פ׳ because by exposure to the coal fire the bone might crack. Ib. 85ᵃ משום פ׳ by striking at the uncovered part of the bone a split may be created in the covered portion; a. e.—Pl. פְּקָעִים, פְּקָעִין. Sifré Num. 124 (ref. to Num. XIX, 5) להביא את הפ׳ R. S. to Par. III, 9 (ed. הפְּקִיעִים; Yalk. Num. 761 הפּוֹקְעִין, v. פָּקַע) this is to include the fragments that jumped off (that they must be brought back and burned). ↗ expanded
פְּקַעַת (פָּקַע) [that which is to be unravelled; cmp. בְּקַעַת] coil, clue of thread, of rope &c. Kel. X, 4 פ׳ של גמי a coil of rope made of reed grass. Gen. R. s. 12, beg. נטל פ׳ של גמי … ונכנס דרך הפ׳ וכ׳ he took a clue of rope and tied one end of it to the entrance, and he went in along the unwound rope, and came out along the rope; Koh. R. to II, 12 פְּקִיעַת גמי; Cant. R. to I, 1; a. e.—Pl. פְּקַעֲיוֹת. Kel. XVII, 2 שעורה בפ׳ של שתי is measured by the ordinary size of warp clues. Ḥag. 12ᵃ היה מרחיב והולך כשתי פ׳ וכ׳ was extending farther and farther (in two directions) like two unwound clues &c. Gen. R. s. 10, beg. נטל הקב"ה שתי פ׳ וכ׳ (some ed. פקיעיות, corr. acc.) the Lord took two coils, one of snow and one of fire, and worked them into each other. B. Kam. 119ᵇ שירי פ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שיורי פְּקִיעוֹת; Ms. R. 2 פְּקָעוֹת) remnants of coils (given to the weaver); a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּקַעְתָּא (פְּקַע) hindrance, enforced idleness. Keth. 47ᵃ שכר פְּקַעְתָּהּ indemnity for being taken away from her work. ↗ expanded
פִּקְפּוּק (פִּקְפֵּק) shaking, battering.—Pl. פִּקְפּוּקִין, פִּי׳. Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ (ref. to פוקה, I Sam. XXV, 31) פִּיקְפּוּקֵי דברים היה שם there was a battering attack with words (to demolish David’s arguments). ↗ expanded
פִּקְפּוּקְתָּא (preced.) breach. Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ (ref. to פוקה, v. preced.) [read:] אמרה ליה כד תיפוק פִּקְפּוּקְתָּךְ וכ׳ she (Abigail) said to him, when thou openest thy breach (offerest a weak point), they will say of thee that thou art a murderer. ↗ expanded
פִּקְפֵּק (v. פָּקַק) to drive a wedge in; to loosen, shake. Midr. Till. to Ps. LIII, v. infra. Succ. I, 7 (15ᵃ) מְפַקְפֵּק ונוטל וכ׳ he loosens (the boards of the ceiling) and takes one board out. Y. Sabb. XV, beg. 15ᵃ מְפַקְפְּקִין ומפקיעין וכ׳ (not בו) you may loosen the knot, or ravel it out, or untie &c., v. פָּקַע; מפקפקין ולא מפקיעין you may loosen the knot, but not ravel it out; ib. XX, end, 17ᵈ; Y. Meg. I, 71ᵃ; Y. Bets. V, 63ᵇ top (not פקפקין).—Part. pass. מְפוּקְפָּק; f. מְפוּקְפֶּקֶת; pl. מְפוּקְפָּקִים, מְפוּקְפָּקִין; מְפוּקְפָּקוֹת. Gen. R. s. 78 היו הברכות מפ׳ וכ׳ the blessings were as yet shaky (uncertain) in his hands, opp. נתאוששו, v. אוּשׁ; ib. s. 67.—Trnsf. [to shake the foundations of,] to contest the validity of, make light of. Eduy. V, 6 פ׳ בטהרת ידים he contested the rabbinical regulations concerning cleanness of hands; Ber. 19ᵃ. Ab. Zar. 35ᵃ גזירה … ואין מְפַקְפְּקִין בה it is a recent enactment, and you must not shake it (discuss its reason before a year is past); a. e. (sub. פיו, or דבר) to insert a wedge or coil in one’s mouth, be gagged, estopped from speaking. Midr. Till. to Ps. LIII (ref. to פוקה, I Sam. XXV, 31) [read as in ed. Bub.] אם הן באין אצלך לדין מה אתה עושה ואתה מְפַקְפֵּק בדבר ואין אתה יכול להוציאו וכ׳ if men will come to thee for judgment, what wilt thou do? Thou wilt gag (thy mouth) with a word and be unable to bring it out, when they will say, has he not done so unto Nabal? Thus the text (I Sam. l. c.) reads, ‘and let this not be unto thee a stopper’, אל תְּפַקְפֵּק בפיך וכ׳ do not put a gag in thy mouth (do not make thyself unable to give judgment boldly), nor say &c.; Yalk. Sam. 134. Hithpa. הִתְפַּקְפֵּקto be shaken, loosened. Ber. 28ᵇ man must bow at prayer עד שיִתְפַּקְפְּקוּ כל וכ׳ Ms. M. a. Ar. (ed. שיִתְפַּקְּקוּ, v. R. D. S. a. l. note 400) until all the vertebrae of the spine seem to be loosened. (v. פָּקַק) to be stopped off. Yeb. 63ᵇ עונותיו מִתְפַּקְפְּקִין Ar. (ed. מִתְפַּקְּקִין) his sins are stopped off (cannot come forth to accuse him). ↗ expanded
פַּקְפֵּק , to shake, make light of. Succ. 43ᵇ אתי לפַקְפּוּקֵי בלולב one may be induced to make light of the ceremony of Lulab. Ithpa. אִתְפַּקְפֵּקto be split, chipped off. Targ. Job XXX, 17 מִתְפַּקְפְּקִין ed. (Ms. a. ed. Lag. מתפקקין מיני), v. פְּקַק. ↗ expanded
פָּקַקto split, drive into, force open. Sabb. 155ᵇ ופוֹקֵק Ms. M., v. פָּקַס I.—Denom. פֶּקֶק. (denom. of פֶּקֶק; cmp. חָדַק a. חֶדֶק) to insert a stop-gap; to stop. Kel. III, 8 משפך … שפְּקָקוֹ וכ׳ (not שפקקה) a funnel of wood or clay stopped off with pitch. Ib. XXVIII, 2 שהתקינו לָפוֹק בו את המרחץ (ed. Dehr. לפַקֵּק) (a shred) with which it was intended to fill up a gap in the bath. Y. Erub. III, end, 25ᵇ צריך לפוק he must stop it off. Tosef. ib. XI (VII), 10 פּוֹקְקִין את הביב וכ׳ you may stop off a gutter with a cloth. Y. Sabb. XVII, 16ᵇ top קנה שהתקינו להיות פּוֹקֵק בו החלון a pole (with a coil or a board attached) which has been prepared to close the sky light with it; (Tosef. ib. XIV (XV), 3 להיות פותח ונועל בו), v. פֶּקֶק. Bab. Sabb. 64ᵇ פוקק לה זוג בצוארה וכ׳ he may muffle the bell on an animal’s neck (that it should not ring), and walk with it &c.; a. fr.—Part. pass. פָּקוּק; pl. פְּקוּקִין. Ib. אע"פ שפ׳ nor should the animal be led out with a bell, even if it is muffled. Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ מכוסה ואינו פ׳ if the bottle is covered but not stopped; Tosef. Ter. VII, 16 [read:] מכוסין ואינן פקוקין (and correct the entire passage in conformity with Y. l. c.), v. פֶּקֶק. Pi. פִּיקֵּקsame, v. supra.—[Tosef. Maasr. I, 5 מפקק ed. Zuck., v. פָּקַס II.] Hithpa. הִתְפַּקֵּק,Nithpa. נִתְפַּקֵּקto be shaken, loosened. Ber. 28ᵇ שיִתְפַּקְּקוּ, v. פִּקְפֵּק. Tanḥ. Aḥăré 8 בשעה שנִתְפַּקְּקָה הכהונה וכ׳ when the priesthood in the hands of Aaron became shaky (was disputed); v. פִּקְפֵּק. to be stopped. Yeb. 63ᵇ מִתְפַּקְּקִין, v. פִּקְפֵּק. ↗ expanded
פְּקַקto split, make a breach. Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ כד תִּיפּוֹק (not כל), v. פִּקְפּוּקְתָּא. to stop. Targ. II Chr. XXXII, 30.—Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ פָּקֵיק לה ומכסי לה stops the bottle and covers it. Ithpe. אִתְפְּקַקto be split, chipped off. Targ. Job XXX, 17 מִתְפַּקְּקִין מיני ed. Lag. are chipped off me (h. text נקר), v. פַּקְפֵּק. to be stopped. Targ. Ps. XXXI, 19. ↗ expanded
פֶּקֶק (preced.) anything used to fill up a gap (cmp. חֶדֶק), stop-gap, stopper. Sabb. XVII, 7 פ׳ החלון the stopper of the sky-light (compluvium), v. פָּקַק. Tosef. Erub. XI (VIII), 9 נוטל את הפ׳ וכ׳ he may take out the stopper between the two reservoirs &c. Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ אם היה הפ׳ חוצץ (not חוץ) if the stopper (of the bottle) is tight; Tosef. Ter. VII, 16 (correct version in agreement with Y. l. c., v. פָּקַק). Y. l. c. כדי שינטל בפִיקְקוֹ so that the bottle can be lifted by its stopper; a. fr. the place where a shoot is joined to the trunk or to a branch of the grape vine, knot. B. Kam. 81ᵃ מן הפ׳ ולמעלה (you are permitted to take a shoot from a neighbor’s vine) from the knot and above it. ↗ expanded
פָּקַר (cmp. בָּקַר, a preced. wds.) [to break through; cmp. פָּרַץ,] to be free, licentious, irreverent, sceptical. Meg. 25ᵇ מתוך תשובה … פָּקְרוּ המינים Ms. M. (ed. המערערים) from the answer which Aaron gave to Moses (Ex. XXXII, 24) the heretics derived their heresy (to assert the reality of idolatrous witchcraft). Snh. 38ᵇ כל מקום שפקרו המינין וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. הצדוקים) wherever in a Biblical passage the heretics seem to find a support for their scepticism (belief in a plurality of divine beings), their refutation is always near by; Y. Ber. IX, 12ᵈ bot. (not שפרקו); a. e. (with עַצְמ־) to make free with one’s self; (of a woman) to propose marriage to a man. Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ (ref. to I Sam. XXV, 31 וזכרת את אמתך) מלמד שפָּקְרָה עצמה this shows that she intimated eventual marriage to David; a. e. Hif. הִפְקִירto declare free, to renounce ownership, declare a property ownerless. Gitt. 38ᵃ, a. e. המַפְקִיר עבדו יצא לחירות if one declares his slave ownerless, he goes out free (and needs no letter of emancipation); ib. 39ᵃ המפקיר … וצריך וכ׳ he is entitled to his liberty, but requires a letter of emancipation. Yalk. Kings 224 ה׳ כל אשר לו (not הפקיד) he gave up all he possessed. Tanḥ. Pinḥas 2 בת מלך הִפְקִירוּ לקלון they offered a king’s daughter to prostitution; ה׳ בתו מי לא היה מפקיר he (the king) offered his daughter, who would not do the same?; a. fr. Hof. הוּפְקַרto be declared free. Peah VI, 1 עד שיוּפְקַר וכ׳ (Ms. M. שיבקר, read as Eduy. IV, 3 שׁיוּבְקַר) until it is declared free also for rich men; a. e.—Part. pass. מוּפְקָר; f. מוּפְקֶרֶת; pl. מוּפְקָרִים, מוּפְקָרִין; מוּפְקָרוֹת. Snh. 49ᵃ מה מדבר מ׳ לכל אף ביתו … מ׳ לכל as the desert is free to all, so was Joab’s house free to all (that craved his hospitality). Tanḥ. Vayaḳhel 8 למה … מה המדבר מ׳ … התורה מ׳ וכ׳ why was the Law given in the desert? To intimate that as the desert is free to all, so are the words of the Law free to every one &c. Gen. R. s. 72 דבר שהוא מן המ׳ something which is free (ownerless); a. fr.—V. הֶפְקֵר. ↗ expanded
פְּקַרto break into; to declare free; v. infra.; v. infra. to be irreverent, sceptical. Snh. 38ᵇ אבל אפיקורוס … דפ׳ טפי but with a Jewish sceptic you must surely not argue, for he will become only bolder by it. Ib. 60ᵃ מי פְקִירֵי כולי האי are they (Jews) so bold (as to blaspheme God)?; a. e. Af. אַפְקַרto break into, trespass. Targ. Y. Ex. XXII, 4 (ed. Amst. יִפְקַר; ed. Vien. יפקד, corr. acc.; h. text יבער). to declare free. Ib. XXIII, 11 (ed. Amst. Pe.; ed. Vien. ותפקד, corr. acc.; h. text ונטש׳).—Succ. 44ᵇ אַפְקַר זיתיא וכ׳ declare thy olives free for the benefit of the poor. Ber. 47ᵃ, a. fr. אי בעי מַפְקַר וכ׳ if he chooses, he may renounce ownership of his property, and be a poor man &c. B. Mets. 30ᵇ לכולי עלמא אַפְקַרְנְהוּ וכ׳ I declared them free for all people but not for thee, (v. infra). Ib. לכ"ע אַפְקְרִינְהוּ he declared them indeed free for all. Ib. 68ᵇ אַפְקוּרֵי מַפְקִיר להו presumably he has renounced ownership of them. M. Kat. 16ᵃ מַפְקְרִינָן נכסיה we (the court) declare his property ownerless; a. fr.—Ḥull. 13ᵇ אשתו לא מַפְקַר his own wife will he (the Samaritan) not give up to prostitution, v. infra—Part. pass. מַפְקַר. B. Mets. 30ᵇ לכ"ע מ׳ וכ׳ Ms. M. (Ms. F. מִיפְּקַרIthpe.) it is made free to all, but not &c. Ithpe. אִתְפְּקַר, אִיפְּקַרto behave irreverently, disrespectfully. M. Kat. l. c. אי מִתְפְּקַר בשליחא וכ׳ if he treats the messenger of the court with disrespect. Ib. ההוא טבחא דאית׳ וכ׳ a butcher behaved irreverently towards R. &c. to prostitute one’s self. Snh. 82ᵃ נשייהו ודאי לא מִיפְקְרֵי their (the Samaritans’) wives will surely not prostitute themselves; v. supra. ↗ expanded
פַּקְתָּא (נְפַק) going out, retiring (for a human need; cmp. יְצִיאָה). Esth. R. to I, 8 אין אונס בפ׳ וכ׳ ‘there was no compulsion’, no restraint as to going out, because they drank immoderately &c. ↗ expanded
פִּקְתָא = בִּקְתָא, valley. Ber. 34ᵇ bot. Ar. (ed. ב׳). Ib. 54ᵃ; Naz. 43ᵇ פ׳ דערבות, v. עֲרָבוֹת II.—Ḥull. 31ᵃ דכולה פתקא (corr. acc., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) of the entire valley. ↗ expanded
פָּר (b. h.) bullock. Taan. 23ᵃ פַּר הודאה the sacrificial bullock on which the owner placing his hand makes confession and prayer. Yoma III, 8 בא לו אצל פָּרוֹ he (the high priest) now stepped towards the bullock selected for his sacrifice. Gen. R. s. 44 פר יוה"כ the bullock offered on the Day of Atonement; פר הבא על כל המצות the bullock which is offered by the high priest for every transgression of a command (Lev. IV, 2 sq.). Gen. R. s. 55; a. fr.—Pl. פָּרִים. Ib. s. 44 הראה לו שלשה מיני פ׳ the Lord showed Abraham three kinds of bovine sacrifices. Par. I, 2 פ׳ בני שתים by parim (as sacrifices) are meant beeves of two years of age; a. fr.—Fem. פָּרָה cow. Ib. 1 פ׳ בת שתים by parah is meant a heifer two years old, contrad. to עגלה.—Esp. פָּרַת חַטָּאת, or פרהthe red cow whose ashes were used for lustration (Num. XIX). Ib. II, 1. Ib. 2 פ׳ שקרניה וכ׳ a red cow whose horns or hoofs are black. Ib. III, 1 כהן השורף את הפ׳ the priest designated to burn the red cow; a. fr.—Pl. פָּרוֹת. Gen. R. s. 55 … לבעל שתי פ׳ וכ׳ like a husbandman that has two cows, one strong &c.; a. fr.—Parah, name of a treatise, of the Order of Kodashim, of Mishnah and Tosefta. ↗ expanded
פֶּרֶאpreced.) wild ass. Deut. R. s. 5 (ref. to Jer. II, 24) כשם שהפ׳ גדל וכ׳ (some ed. שהעָרֹד) as the wild ass is raised in the desert and is without fear of man, so did I intend that no fear of governments should rest upon you; (Yalk. Jer. 266 עָרוֹד). savage, cruel. Gen. R. s. 45 (ref. to Gen. XVI, 12) פ׳ אדם וודאי וכ׳ ‘a savage among men’ in its literal sense, for all other plunder goods, but he (Edom-Rome) captures souls. ↗ expanded
פָּרָא 1 , pl. (פְּרָא) פָּרַיָּיא [runners,] children of six or seven years of age. Y. Gitt. V, 47ᵇ bot., v. אִפְיוֹטוֹת. ↗ expanded
פָּרָא 2 (פְּרַר; cmp. נַכֵּי) less. Gen. R. s. 20, end לפום חילך אכול ופ׳ מן מה דאת לביש וכ׳ spend according to thy means on eating, but less on clothing, and more on dwelling. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 43ᵈ bot. תבר כולהון פ׳ חד he broke all of them save one. Y. Erub. II, 20ᵇ חמשא אלפין פ׳ מאת (read מאה) five thousand minus one hundred. Y. Keth. VI, 30ᵈ bot. תרין חולקין פ׳ ציבחד a little less than two thirds. Ruth R. to III, 3 [read:] זרעה ואעל ועבדת פ׳ ממאה אמר ליה לא אמר מרי דהיא עבד׳ מאה כורין א"ל אין א"ל זרעית ואעלית ועבדת פ׳ ממאה אמר לו הן וכ׳ he sowed and harvested, and it brought less than one hundred kor. Said he to him, did you not say it brought one hundred kor? Said he, yes. Said he to him, I sowed and harvested, and it brought less than one hundred &c.; [perh. to be read פָּרֵי ממאה]. Y. Meg. II, beg. 73ᵃ (expl. סירוסים) חד פָּרָה חד (he reads) one verse less one, i.e. every other verse. ↗ expanded
פָּרָא 3 (παρά) with, for. Y. R. Hash. I, 57ᵃ bot., v. אַגְרָפוֹס.—[פרא in compounds often separated, as פ׳ כורין פ׳ פורנון, v. פָּרָאכוֹרִין, פָּרָאפוֹרְנוֹן &c.] ↗ expanded
פראדורין , read פַּרְאִדְרוֹן m. (πάρεδρος, S., accus. form, or παρεδρεύων) familiar, regular visitor. Ex. R. s. 33 … כל זמן … הוא הווה פ׳ לבית חמיו משנשאה אצלה so long as he has not married his betrothed, he is a visitor at the house of his father-in-law; after he has married her, her father comes to her. ↗ expanded
*פָּרָאסוֹפָאParasopha, Prosopha (Prosopa), supposed to be the name of a place near, or of a building in Tiberias. Gen. R. s. 65 the arms of Jacob were as thick כתרין עמודין דיפרא סופא (combine; Ar. דפרוסופא; ed. Koh. דפרסופא) as the two columns of P.; Yalk. ib. 115 דפרספא; (Tanḥ. Vayḥi 6 כשני עמודים שבתיך דמוסין שבטבריא). ↗ expanded
פָּרָאפוּרְנוֹן (παράφερνον) that which a bride brings over and above her dower; also (v. מוֹהַר) the wife’s additional settlement above the usual one(תוספת כתובה). Gen. R. s. 80 (ref. to Gen. XXIV, 12) מוהר פרנין מתן פ׳mohar is the endowment, mattan the addition; Yalk. ib. 134 פרא פ׳ (combine). Gen. R. s. 65 הבא לי מפ׳ שלי וכ׳ (not נין …) take it from my additional dower, for thus he has written in my contract &c.; Yalk. ib. 114 מפורנין (corr. acc.). Y. Keth. V, 30ᵇ פרא פרנין. Ib. VII, 31ᶜ top הפדא פ׳ (corr. acc.). Y. Gitt. V, 47ᵇ נכסים שהכניסה לו פרה פרנון property which she brought him above the dower, opp. בכתובתה corresponding to the amount of her settlement. Y. Naz. V, 54ᵃ top פרה פ׳. Y. B. Bath. V, end, 17ᵈ; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּרְבָּר (late b. h.; Hebr. Dict.10 s. v.) outworks, Parbar, name of a Temple precinct. Zeb. 55ᵇ (quot. I Chr. XXVI, 18) לפר בר (Ms. R. 2 לפרבר, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 100), expl. כמאן דאמר כלפי בר as one says, running towards the outside (v. פְּרָא); Tam. 27ᵃ לפרבר.—V. פַּרְוָור. ↗ expanded
פָּרַג (cmp. פרח) to break through, sprout. Hif. הִפְרִיג (sub. זרע) to sprout, germinate, produce withered growth. Num. R. s. 7 (ref. to תפריחי, Is. XVII, 11) בבקר … ומצא אותה שהִפְרִיגָה in the morning he went to look at it (the garden planted with cabbage) and found that it (its growth) had germinated (and the cabbage was ruined); בערב היית … הרי הִפְרַגְתְּ in the evening thou wast fine and excellent, and in the morning, behold, thou art ruined; (Lev. R. s. 18 שהוריקה, v. יָרַק). ↗ expanded
פְּרַג 1 (v. preced.) to bloom, be glad. Ithpa. אִתְפָּרָגto delight one’s self. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 16 Ar. (ed. אתפרנק; h. text אשתעשע). ↗ expanded
פְּרַג 2to break, divide; (cmp. פרט, פרק, a. עָרף) to exchange. Targ. Y. Gen. XLVIII, 14 (h. text שכל). Targ. Ps. XV, 4 Ms. (ed. ישלחף; h. text ימיר). Ib. CVI, 20; Targ. Y. Ex. XXXII, 5; a. e. Pa. פָּרֵגsame, to redeem. Lev. R. s. 25 רחמא … ומְפָרְגָא בדינרין he loves figs and exchanges for denars (pays a denar for each fig); Koh. R. to II, 20 מְמָרְגָה. ↗ expanded
פרגא , Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד מאת׳ 7) עוירא בחדא פ׳, read עינא or עינה, as further on. ↗ expanded
פַּרְגּוֹד (paragauda, παραγώδης of Semitic origin; פרגto divide, cmp. פָּרוֹכֶת) curtain. Kel. XXIX, 1 Maim. (R. S. tunic, v. infra).—Esp. (cmp. וִילוֹן) the curtain of heaven. Ḥag. 15ᵃ כבר שמעתי מאחורי הפ׳ וכ׳ I have already heard from behind the Curtain, ‘Return, ye wayward children, all except Aḥer.’ Yoma 77ᵃ Ms. M. (omitted in later editions; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 3). B. Mets. 59ᵃ שלשה אין הפ׳ ננעל בפניהם there are three wrongs for which the Curtain is never closed (the outcries over them will not be unheeded).—Trnsf. the court, royal attendants. Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 2 לא דומה שומע מפי פ׳ וכ׳ it is not the same to hear from the lips of attendants as to hear from the lips of the king himself; Yalk. Ex. 276. a certain garment, tunic. Gen. R. s. 84 (expl. כתנת הפסים, Gen. XXXVII, 23). Shek. III, 2, v. חָפַת; a. e. (cmp. אַוְורַקְסִין) a sort of breeches. Sabb. 120ᵃ שני פרגוד Ms. M. (ed. פרגד; Ar. פַּרְגּוֹדִין) two (a pair of) breeches; (Y. ib. XVI, 15ᵈ אבריקין). ↗ expanded
פַּרְגּוֹד ²curtain. Targ. Job XXVI, 9. Targ. Y. Ex. XXVI, 31 (h. text פרכת); a. fr. tunic. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVII, 3; 23; v. preced.↗ expanded
פַּרְגּוֹל (adaptation of flagellum, φραγέλλιον; cmp. פַּרְכִּיל) whip, scourge; young vine shoot. Lev. R. s. 32, beg. (ref. to Zech. XIII, 6) מה לך לוקה בפ׳ וכ׳ why art thou whipped with the scourge? Because I made a Succah; Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 6 מה לך לוקה מאה פ׳ (not מאפ׳) why art thou to get a hundred lashes?; Yalk. Ex. 292; Yalk. Zech. 581; Midr. Till. to Ps. XII, end מה לך יוצא לידקר בפוראגון (ed. Bub. מה לך לוקה בפרוגין, corr. acc.). Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. IV, 4 פ׳ שעשה בראשו וכ׳ a whip to the top of which a knob is attached to strike with it. Y. B. Bath. V, beg. 15ᵃ אם היה עשוי כמין פ׳ (not טרגול) if the young shoot of the olive tree has the shape of a vine shoot (hanging down and knotted). ↗ expanded
*פִּרְגּוֹל (περίγρα) a pair of compasses. Kel. XXIX, 5 comment. [prob. whip, v. preced.]. ↗ expanded
פִּרְגּוֹס , pl. פִּרְגּוֹסִין (πύργος) towers. Tanḥ. ed. Bub., Noah 24 (Gen. R. s. 38 סמוכות). ↗ expanded
פְּרַגְזִיּוֹת (cmp. פַּרְגּוֹד) tunics. Gen. R. s. 56 אם כן כל אותן הפ׳ וכ׳ if so, shall all those fine tunics which thy mother has made be for Ishmael?; Yalk. ib. 101 פרוגיאות (read: פְּרַגְזִיאוֹת; Levy Talm. Dict. quotes פרגיות; the glossator has אונאות דברים, prob. thinking of πράξις). ↗ expanded
פַּרְגַּזְתָּא , a woman’s dress, tunic. Y. Sabb. VI, beg. 7ᵈ [read:] הורי לאילין דבית בר בון מיתן טלייה דמרגליתא על פ׳ permitted those (women) of the house of Bar Bun to put drops of pearls (beads) over the tunic. ↗ expanded
פְּרַגְמָטוֹטֵיס (πραγματευτής) trader, esp. travelling merchant. Ex. R. s. 19 ראו הפ׳ וכ׳ behold, that trader (that lodged with me) got up by night and took all my belongings with him. Koh. R. to XI, 1 פרגמטוזטוס, פרגמטוזטיס (corr. acc.). Lev. R. s. 3, beg. רעותיה דמתקרי פ׳ it is his ambition to be called a man of business; Yalk. Koh. 971 בר פרגמיטורא (corr. acc., or בר פְּרַגְמַטְיָא); Koh. R. to IV, 6 (some ed. פרגמטווטא); a. fr.—Pl. פְּרגְמָטוֹטֵין, פְּרַגְמָטִיוְטִין (פְּרַגְמָטָטִין, טָטַיָּא …). Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 2 (ref. to לשָׂרִים, Ps. XLV, 17, as though it were read לְשָׁרִים, v. שְׁיָירָה) יכול פרגמיט׳ (corr. acc.) you may think this means travelling merchants; Yalk. Ex. 276 פרגמטיטין. Gen. R. s. 76 מה אומנתכון פ׳ what is your trade? (We are) merchants. Pesik. Bayom, p. 195ᵃ. Pesik. R. s. 15 רמז לפרגמטטין וכ׳ this is a hint to travelling merchants and seafarers to remember and come home quickly; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּרַגְמַטְיָא (πραγματεία) business; ware, goods. B. Mets. 42ᵃ שליש בקרקע שליש בפ׳ וכ׳ (invest) one third in land, one third in business, and (retain) one third in ready money. Cant. R. to III, 6 הוו עסקין בפ׳ והוון נסבין וכ׳ engaged in business and dealt in silk; Gen. R. s. 77. Cant. R. l. c. כל פ׳ שישראל עושין וכ׳ in whatever business Israelites are engaged and meet with success, they owe it to that dust which Jacob raised (when wrestling with the angel). Tanḥ. Mishp. 9 טול ממני … ותעשה פ׳ וכ׳ take from me a loan of one hundred thousand (zuz), and do business with it, and assign as security to me &c. Ib. 5 כל פ׳ שאתה רואה וכ׳ whatever goods you find to be low and lying in the ground (despised), engage in it, for it will rise in the end. Ib. הפסידה פ׳ שלך thy goods have gone down; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּרְגְּרִיטָאParg’riṭa, surname of one R. Samuel. Deut. R. s. 2. ↗ expanded
פָּרַד (b. h.) [to break through, run, v. פֶּרֶד II] to break apart; to separate. Ukts. II, 6 הרמון שפְּרָדוֹ a pomegranate which one has cut in two (leaving the seeds in their sheathes; Maim.: שפֵּרְדוֹ, Pi., the grains of which one loosened by drying).—Part. pass. פָּרוּד; f. פְּרוּדָה; pl. פְּרוּדִים, פְּרוּדִין; פְּרוּדוֹת. Succ. 32ᵃ אם היה פ׳ וכ׳, v. כָּפַת; Lev. R. s. 30. Toh. VIII, 8 אוכל פ׳ אינו וכ׳ eatables divided into pieces are not counted together (to make up the required size for levitical cleanness). Ib. IX, 9 נמצא על גבי פ׳ (Maim. פֵּירוּדִים) if the creeping thing is found on broken olives. Ib. פ׳ על גבי פ׳ pieces on top of pieces; a. fr. Nif. נִפְרָדto be separated, spread. Succ. III, 1 נִפְרְדוּ עליו if its leaves are spread, opp. to נפרצו. Hor. 10ᵇ (ref. to Prov. XVIII, 1) זה לוט שנ׳ וכ׳ that means Lot, who separated himself from Abraham; a. fr. Pi. פֵּירֵדto separate, loosen. Ukts. II, 6, v. supra. Tosef. Shebi. VI, 29 מְפָרְדִין (ed. Zuck. a. oth. מְפָרְרִין), v. פֶּרֶד I. Y. B. Mets. II, 11ᵇ bot. המְפָרֵד בגרוגרות who separates dried figs; a. e. Hif. הִפְרִידto separate, estrange. Gen. R. s. 20 (ref. to Prov. XVI, 28) שה׳ אלופו של עולם he (the serpent) caused the friend of the world (the Divine Presence) to withdraw; [Matt. K.; estranged the prince of the world (Adam, from God)]. (neut. verb) to branch off. Gen. R. s. 16 מפְרִיד ‘Rashi’; Yalk. Deut. 801, v. פְּרָת. Hithpa. הִתְפָּרֵד,Nithpa. נִתְפָּרֵדto separate one’s self; to be scattered. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCII, 10 יִתְפָּרְדוּ כמוץ וכ׳ let them be scattered like chaff before the wind; a. e. (of pomegranates) to be cut apart. Orl. III, 8 נִתְפָּרְדוּ וכ׳ if the pomegranates are cut; Tosef. Ter. V, 10. ↗ expanded
פְּרַד , to separate, scatter. Targ. Prov. XI, 24 (ed. Wil. פָּרֵר, corr. acc.; h. text מפזר). Targ. Is. LVIII, 6.—Part. pass. פָּרִיד; f. פָּרִידָאdriven off. Targ. Prov. IV, 16.—V. פְּרִידְתָּא. Pa. פָּרֵדsame. Part. pass. מְפָרַדdriven off, chased. Targ. Is. XIII, 14. Af. אַפְרֵדto make unsteady, bewilder. Targ. Prov. VII, 10. Ithpe. אִתְפְּרַד, אִיפְּרִידto be chased off; to flee. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXI, 40.—Men. 43ᵃ איפרד חזותיה (read אִיפְרְדָא) its color fled (faded). to be scattered, spread. Targ. Job XLI, 9 (Ms. מתפרש׳).—Succ. 32ᵃ (expl. נפרדו, v. preced.) דאִיפְּרוּד אִפָּרוּדֵי the leaves are spread. ↗ expanded
פֶּרֶד 1 (preced.) a part, esp. (collect. noun) split and dried pomegranates. Maasr. I, 6 הפ׳ והצימוקין וכ׳ dried pomegranates and raisins &c. Tosef. Shebi. VI, 29 מפרדין רימונים לעשותן פ׳ (ed. Zuck. מְפָרְרִין … פֶּרֶר; Var. פרך; some ed. פריך, corr. acc.) you may (in the Sabbatical year) cut pomegranates to make them pered. Tosef. Ter. III, 16 רימונים ועתיד לעשותן פ׳ Var. ed. Zuck. (ed. Zuck. פראנר; oth. ed. כרי, corr. acc.) if one gives T’rumah of pomegranates (intended for sale), with the intention eventually to cut and store them as pered; a. e. ↗ expanded
פֶּרֶד 2preced. wds.) [runner, wild; v. Del. Proleg. p. 94] mule. Pes. 54ᵃ אף האור והפ׳ also fire and the mule (were created on the sixth day at twilight). Ib. הביא שתי … ויצא מהן פ׳ Adam took two (heterogeneous) animals … and from them came forth a mule. Tosef. Kil. V, 5 לא יקשור סוס לפ׳ ופ׳ וכ׳ one must not tie a horse to a mule or a mule to an ass; a. e.—Fem. פִּרְדָּה, פִּי׳ (also for the male). Y. Ber. VIII, 12ᵇ ויצא מהן פ׳, v. supra; Gen. R. s. 82 end ויצאת … פ׳. Ib. פ׳ לבנה a white mule. Tosef. Kil. V, 6 אסור לרכוב ע"ג פי׳ it is forbidden to ride on the back of a mule. Meg. 13ᵇ (play on מפרד, Esth. III, 8) כפְּרִידָה וכ׳ (the Jews are) like the mule that is unproductive. Gen. R. s. 41 (play on הפרד, Gen. XIII, 9) מה הפ׳ הזו אינה קולטת זרע וכ׳ as the mule does not breed the semen she receives, so it is impossible for this man (Lot) to mix with the seed of Abraham. Ib. אברהם פ׳ עקרה, v. עָקָר; a. e.—Pl. פִּרְדּוֹת, פִּירְ׳. Tosef. Kil. V, 5 כל הפ׳ כולן וכ׳ all mules (whether the sire be a horse or an ass) are considered one genus (may be harnessed together); Ḥull. 79ᵃ. Gen. R. s. 64; a. e. ↗ expanded
פרדוכוס , read: פְּרִידֶכְסְיוֹס m. (περιδέξιος) dexterous, clever. Gen. R. s. 60 פרדוכוס (Ar. פרדוכסוס); Ruth R. to II, 1 פרדכ׳; Yalk. Gen. 109 פרדיכוס; Midr. Sam. ch. I פארדוכסו׳; v. אפדכסיס. ↗ expanded
פָּרָדִיגְמָטָא (παράδειγμα, ατος) an example, exposure to public shame. Tanḥ., ed. Bub., Lekh 7 (ref. to II Sam. X, 4) ועשה אותם פ׳ and made them a public disgrace; Yalk. Ps. 730 פדרגימט׳ (corr. acc.). Yalk. Kings 249 החזיר אותו בכל ערי בפרדימא … וקרע את החמור וכ׳ (some ed. בפרדימס, corr. acc.) he carried him around all cities of Israel as a public shame, and then put him to death, and took the ass and tore it open and buried &c.; Lev. R. s. 19 וישב עליו בפרדימ׳. ↗ expanded
פַּרְדִּיסְקֵי 1 (a corrupt. of παρατάξις, v. Ducange Gloss. Gr., v. Ducange Gloss. Gr. 1531) soldiers, police. Gen. R. s. 94, end שדר פ׳ בתריה he (the royal officer) sent the police after him to arrest him.—V. פַּרְדַּשְׁכָּא. ↗ expanded
פַּרְדִּיסְקֵי 2 (v. next w.) casks. Ab. Zar. 65ᵇ פ׳ נקיטי בהדייהו Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; ed. דמייתו פריסדקי וכ׳) they had brought casks with them (instead of leather bottles; Rashi: besides the leather bottles, in reserve for eventual mishaps to the latter). ↗ expanded
פַּרְדִּיסְקִים (a corrupt. of πυργίσκος, v. פַּרְדּסְקִין) casks. Y. Bets. II, 61ᶜ bot. פ׳ היו מעשנין וכ׳ (not קיס …) they filled casks with smoke of spices on the day before the Holy Day, and when the guests came, they opened them; Tosef. Bets. II, 14 פַּרְטַסְקָאוֹת (Var. עדרס׳, ערדס׳, v. עַרְדַּסְקוֹס). ↗ expanded
פַּרְדַּכְתְּ (Pers. pardâkhta, Perl. Et. St. p. 18) idle, man of leisure, one exempt from state taxes. B. Bath. 55ᵃ פ׳ מסייע מתא a pardakht is bound to contribute towards the maintenance of the local institutions. ↗ expanded
פַּרְדָּנִית (פָּרַד; cmp. פֶּרֶד II) a woman that goes out alone, run-about. Tanḥ. Vayesheb 6 לא מן הרגל שלא תהא פדרנית (transpos. of פרד׳) the Lord did not create woman out of Adam’s foot, that she might no be inclined to run about; (Gen. R. s. 18, a. e. פַּרְסָנִית). Tanḥ. Vayishl. 5 בשביל שהיתה רגילה פדר׳ וכ׳ because she was in the habit of going out alone, she brought disgrace upon herself. Y’lamd. to Gen. XXXIV, 1, quot. in Ar. פרדנית, as Var. of פרסנית q. v. ↗ expanded
פַּרְדֵּס v. Ges. Hebr. Dict.10 s. v.) enclosure, park, pleasure garden. Tosef. Bets. I, 10 החיה שקינתה בפ׳ game which nests in a park. Sot. 10ᵃ (ref. to אשל, Gen. XXI, 33) עשה פ׳ ונטע וכ׳ he made a garden and planted therein &c.; Gen. R. s. 54; a. e.—Trnsf. enclosure in heaven, esoteric philosophy. Ḥag. 14ᵇ ארבעה נכנסו לפ׳ וכ׳ four men entered the enclosure (engaged in esoteric philosophy), one cast a look and died &c.; Tosef. ib. II, 3; Y. ib. II, 77ᵇ top.—Pl. פַּרְדֵּסוֹת, פַּרְדֵּי׳. Arakh. III, 2 (14ᵃ) פ׳ סבסטי the pleasure gardens of Sebaste, v. חוֹלַת; Tosef. ib. II, 8. Pes. 56ᵃ פורצין ובפַרְדְּסוֹתֵיהֶן … (some ed. ובפַרְדְּסֵיהֶן) made openings in their gardens and orchards; Men. 71ᵃ; Tosef. Pes. II (III), 21; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּרְדֵּס ² Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXI, 33 (h. text אשל, v. preced.).—B. Mets. 103ᵃ if a person says, lend me thy hoe למירפק ביה האי פ׳ … ההוא פ׳ to dig up this garden with it, he is allowed to use it for that garden only; פ׳ … כל פ׳ וכ׳ if he says, ‘a garden’, he may use it for any garden he chooses.—Pl. פַּרְדֵּסִין, פַּרְדְּסַיָּא; פַּרְדֵּי׳, פַּרְדֵּיסֵי. Targ. Jud. IV, 5. Targ. Y. Gen. XIV, 10 (h. text השדים). Targ. Koh. II, 5; a. e.—B. Mets. l. c. פ׳ רפיק ואזיל כל פ׳ וכ׳ if he says, ‘to dig up gardens’, he may use it for all the gardens he has. ↗ expanded
פַּרְדַּסְקִין (a corrupt. of πυργίσκος = armarium, v. Fränkel, Zeitschr. f. Assyriol., April 1894, p. 8) a chest in the wall, closet. Tosef. Ohol. VII, 13 תיבה שעשאה פ׳ R. S. to Ohol. VI, 7 (ed. Zuck. פרסטק׳, פרסתק׳) a chest which one put up in the wall as a closet. Ib. 14 פ׳ שהוא פתוח וכ׳ a closet standing open in a locked room. Ib. 15; Ohol. VI, 7 רואין את הפ׳ כאילו הוא וכ׳ (ed. Dehr. כאילו הם וכ׳) we consider the closet as if it were a solid wall.—Pl. פַּרְרַּסְקִין. Ib.—V. פַּרְדִּיסְקִים. ↗ expanded
פַּרְדַּשְׁכָּא (a further corrupt. of פַּרְדִּיסְקֵי I, v. Perl. Et. St. p. 132) officer, policeman. Meg. 12ᵇ (ref. to Esth. I, 22) פשיטא אפי׳ קרחה בביתיה פ׳ ליהוי (Ar. פרדכ׳; Ms. M. פרדנ׳, read כ for נ; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) is it not a matter of course? Even a weaver—in his house he must be the police; Yalk. Esth. 1051. Sabb. 94ᵃ ההוא פ׳ דרתח וכ׳ (Ms. M. פרשדכא) a certain officer with whom the king was wroth.—[Yalk. Esth. 1053 פרדשכי, v. next w.] ↗ expanded
פַּרְדַּשְׁנָא (פרדש, enlargement of פרד) gift on parting, dismissal, farewell present. Lam. R. introd. (R. Josh. 2) שדר פ׳ לביתיה he sent a souvenir to his house (v. פִּיטְרָא II). Snh. 94ᵇ להאי פ׳, v. דָּשְׁנָא; Yalk. Kings 235 פרדיש׳.—Pl. פַּרְרַּשְׁנֵי, פַּרְדִּישְׁ׳. Meg. 13ᵃ שדר פ׳ ולא גליא ליה he (Ahasverus) sent farewell gifts (for Esther’s friends), but she did not reveal to him (her kindred); Yalk. Esth. 1053 פרדשכי (corr. acc.). Ab. Zar. 71ᵃ הני פרסאי משדרי פ׳ those Persians send one another farewell gifts, and never reclaim them (considering possession by lifting (מְשִׁיכָה) final; oth. defin.: send samples &c., considering acceptance of samples final purchase). ↗ expanded
פַּרְהֲגַבְנָא (a Babylonian corrupt. of parangaria, v. פַּרְהַנְגַּרְיָא) the office of public service, sub. בעלthe suprintendent of public labors, in gen. tax collector. B. Kam. 117ᵃ מסרה לפרהגב׳ דמלכא Ms. M. (ed. פַּרְהַגְנָא; Ms. H. פרהגמוניא; Ms. R. פַּרְהַנְגָּא; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he surrendered it (the object of litigation) to the royal office (or officer, for confiscation). Erub. 36ᵇ הא בפ׳ וכ׳ (ed. Sonc. בפרח גבאני דמלכא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 100; Rashi בפרהגבני) in the one case the officer of public service is meant (by נכרים), in the other, the town officers. B. Mets. 83ᵇ אשכח לההוא פ׳ דמלכא וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. פרהגונא only) he met the royal officer who was seizing thieves (persons without regular occupations) for the public service; cmp. אַנְּגְּרַבְטֵיס.—Pl. פַּרְהֲגַבְנֵי, v. supra. ↗ expanded
פרהדיא , Ber. 56ᵃ בפ׳ דדהבא Ar. a. Ms. Beth N.; Ms. F. פרח׳ (differ. vers. in ed.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 60) a clerical error for ברֵיחַיָּא, as in Ms. M. ↗ expanded
פַּרְהֶדְרִין (πάρεδροι) assessors, counsellors. Yoma I, 1 (2ᵃ) לשכת פ׳ (Mish. ed. פַּלְ׳, Y. ed. פר׳) the counsellors’ cell, name of an apartment in the Temple precincts. Ib. 8ᵇ בתחלה … כפ׳ הללו וכ׳ formerly it was called the senators’ cell (בולווטי), but when they began to pay money for (the higher offices of) the priesthood, and they were changed from year to year like the parhedroi who are appointed for one year, they named it &c.; Y. ib. I, 38ᶜ עכשיו קורין אותה לשכת פלהדרין פראידתין (read: פראידרין, a gloss) now they call it the cell of the palhedrin (paredrin). Bab. ib. 9ᵃ מתוך שפ׳ הללו חובטין וכ׳ because those assessors (market commissioners) strike them (the bakers) and say, sell cheap &c. Ib. מאי פ׳ וכ׳, v. פּוֹרָסָא. ↗ expanded
פַּרְהַנְגַּרְיָא (parangaria, v. אַנְגַּרְיָא) a public service over and above that which one is bound to render, extra service (which is paid for). Gitt. 44ᵃ המוכר עבדו לפרהנג גוי וכ׳ Ar. (ed. נכרי, read: לפרהנגריא) if a man sells (rents out) his slave for extra service, he becomes a freedman (after he is dismissed from the service). Ib. בפ׳ שאינה חוזרת it means the service in an expedition that does not come back to the same place (so that the owner lets the slave go out of his control). ↗ expanded
פַּרְהֶסְיָא (παῤῥησία) free speech, frankness. Deut. R. s. 2, end אבל ביוה"כ … הן אומרים אותו בפ׳ וכ׳ but on the Day of Atonement … they say it openly (in a loud voice), Blessed be the name of his glorious kingdom, (opp. בלחישה (v. חֲשַׁאי).—Esp. בפ׳publicly, opp. בצינעה. Ib. אל תתקשטי בה בפ׳ וכ׳ do not adorn thyself with it in public, but only in the house. Snh. 74ᵃ אבל בפ׳ אפי׳ מצוה וכ׳ but if a Jew is forced to transgress a religious law in public, he must surrender his life even for a minor law; ib.ᵇ וכמה פ׳ and the presence of how many is required to call it a public act? Ib. אין פ׳ פחותה וכ׳ a public is no less than ten persons. Ib. והא אסתר פ׳ הואי but was not Esther’s act (when she was forced to marry king Ahasverus) a public one? Ḥag. 5ᵃ (ref. to Koh. XII, 14) זה הנותן צדקה לעני בפ׳ this refers to one who gives charity to a poor man in public (the Lord judges whether this be a good or a bad deed). ↗ expanded
פַּרְוָאparva, name of an unclean bird. Ḥull. 62ᵇ פ׳ … וסימניך פ׳ אמגושא p. is forbidden, and thy mnemonical sign be, Parva is the name of a magian; v. פַּרְוָה. ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹבַטְיָא (προβατεία) flock of sheep. Pesik. Shek., p. 13ᵃ; Eth. Korb., p. 60ᵃ (expl. אילים צמר, II Kings III, 4) פ׳ (Ar. פרוביטא, corr. acc.); Pesik. R. s. 16 פרומטוי or פרובטוי, (corr. acc., or פְּרוֹבַטְיָי׳); Yalk. Kings 227 פרובטא (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פרודתקיון , Targ. II Esth. VI, 10, a corrupt. for פְּרוֹסְטַקְסִין (πρόσταξις) ordinances. ↗ expanded
פַּרְוָהParva, name of a Persian builder and magian, from whom a compartment in the Temple was supposed to have been named: לִשְׁכַּת הַפּ׳ or בֵּית הַפַּ׳. Midd. V, 3. Yoma III, 3; 6; Tosef. ib. I, 20. Yoma 35ᵃ, v. אַמְגּוּשָׁא; Ḥull. 62ᵇ, v. פַּרְוָא. [Our w. is perh. identical with פַּרְוָור.] ↗ expanded
פַּרְוַונְקָא (Pers. parwânaḳ) letter-carrier, forerunner, messenger. Succ. 48ᵇ יומא חד שבקוך ושויוך פ׳ (Ms. M. שבקתך, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) one day they will send thee off (from heaven) and make thee a runner (to show the way). Snh. 38ᵇ אפי׳ בפ׳ נמי לא קבילניה even as a guide we refused to accept him. Ab. Zar. 28ᵃ, v. עֵנַבְתָּא. Snh. 82ᵃ, a. fr. (a proverbial expression) קריינא דאגרתא איהו ליהוי פ׳ let him who dictates the letter be the carrier, i.e. let him who gives the advice be its executor. ↗ expanded
פַּרְוָור v. Ges. H. Dict.10 s. v. פַּרְבָּר; cmp., however, [open place,] outwork, court, market. Ḥall. IV, 11 הקונה בסוריא כקונה בפ׳ שבירושלים Mish. ed. (Bab. ed. בפַרְוָוד; Y. ed. בפַרְוַוד ירוש׳; Ms. M. בפַרְוָורֵי) he who owns land in Syria is under the same obligations as if he owned land in the outskirts of Jerusalem; Gitt. 8ᵇ בפַרְוָארֵי); Tosef. Ter. II, 10 פרואר ed. Zuck. (Var. פרוארי, פרוד; פרוזדר, corr. acc.). Tosef. Ab. Zar. VII (VIII), 10 פרואר שישראל וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. פרזר, פרזא, corr. acc.) a market to which an Israelite and a gentile bring wine; Y. ib. IV, end, 44ᵇ פרכיי׳ של עיר (read: פּרְבָּרָהּ, or פַּרְוָורָהּ). Gen. R. s. 68 עולים … יושב ודן ויוצאין בפרווד ומוצאים אותו ישן (some ed. בפַרְוָד; Ar. בפרוור a. with differ. version) they go up to the forum and find him (the king) sitting in judgment; they come out to the outskirts (his country seat) and find him asleep; a. e.—Pl. פַּרְוָורִים, constr. פַּרְוָורֵי, פַּרְוָארֵי, v. supra. ↗ expanded
פַּרְוָורָא Y. Meg. III, 74ᵃ bot. ההן פ׳ מהו וכ׳ is it permitted to cross the court (of a synagogue, to use it as a shortcut)? Ib. [read:] עבר פ׳ דבי מדרשא crossed the court of a school house.—Pl. פַּרְוָורַיָּא, פַּרְוָרַ׳. Targ. Ez. XXVII, 28 (h. text מגרשות). Ib. XXVI, 15 (h. text איים); ib. 18. Targ. Y. Lev. XXV, 34 Ar. (ed. פַּרְוִילֵי).—Keth. 54ᵃ בבל וכל פַרְוָורָהָא Ar. (ed. פַּרְוָודָהָא) Babylonia and all her dependencies (the places following her usages); נהרדעא וכל פרוורהא Ar. (ed. פַּרְוָודָהִי) Nehardea and all her dependencies. ↗ expanded
פַּרְוָותָא (v. preced. wds.) outworks; port, market place. Targ. II Esth. I, 2, end פ׳ ברייאתא וכ׳ Var. (ed. Lag. פורטתא; oth. ed. פנדתא, Var. פדוו׳, corr. acc.) the outer precincts &c.—B. Mets. 73ᵇ פ׳ דוולשפט the market of &c., v. בֵּלְשָׁפָט; B. Bath. 98ᵃ. Ḥull. 95ᵇ פ׳ דגוים הוואי it was a market attended mostly by gentiles. R. Hash. 23ᵃ; Yoma 77ᵃ, v. מָשְׁמָהִיג.—Pl. פַּרְוָותָא. R. Hash. l. c. ↗ expanded
פָּרוּז (פָּרז) = b. h. פְּרָזִי, one residing in an open place, opp. מוקף. Meg. 19ᵃ פ׳ בן יומו קרוי פ׳ one living in an open place for that one day (Purim) is called a paruz (bound to celebrate the fourteenth day of Adar, Esth. IX, 19); Y. ib. II, 73ᵇ top פ׳ הוא באותה שעה (not היה) he is a paruz for the time being. ↗ expanded
פְּרוּזְבּוּטֵי (πρεσβευταῖ) ambassadors. Ex. R. s. 5 יום פ׳ של פרעה וכ׳ it was Pharaoh’s day of reception of ambassadors &c.; Tanḥ. Vaëra 5 פרוזבטיא (corr. acc.). Meg. 15ᵃ sq. זה בא בפרוזבולי וזה בא בפ׳ (Ms. M. בפרוס בולי בפרוס ביטי …) the one (Haman) had come to court as a member of the boulé (senate, πρὸς βουλῇ), and the other (Mordecai) as one of the legates (to plead for the building of the Temple); Yalk. Esth. 1045 ומשם ירדי פ׳ וכ׳ (not ירד פרוזבי׳) and from there they (Mordecai and Haman) went down (to Shushan) as legates &c.; אמרו ישראל … לפיכך יֵרֵד פְרוּזְבּוּטָן כנגדו (not פרוזבוטו) the Israelites said, Mordecai is …, therefore let him go as our legate against him (Haman); Yalk. Am. 545 פרווטי׳ (corr. acc.); v. next art.↗ expanded
פְּרוּזְבּוּטֵיס (πρεσβευτής, v. preced.) ambassador, legate. Ex. R. s. 42 מדינה ששלחה פ׳ לעטר וכ׳ (not טים …) a province that sent a legate to offer a crown to the king. Tanḥ. Vayigg. 6 שלח יהורה פרוזבטים אצלו (corr. acc.) he (Jacob) sent Judah as an ambassador to him (Joseph). Yalk. Esth. 1058 שונאי הוא שירדתי עמו בפ׳ he (Mordecai) is my enemy, since I came down with him (from Palestine) as a legate (to plead against the building of the Temple, v. preced.).—Pl.פְּרוּזְבּוּטִין. Y’lamd. to Deut. I, 1, quot. in Ar. פרזבטין, v. פְּרוֹזְבִּיטְרוֹן.—Greek pl. פְּרוּזְבּוּטֵי q. v. ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹזְבֹּול (an abbrev. of πρὸς βουλῇ βουλευτῶν, v. בּוּלְבּוּטֵיס) prosbul, a declaration made in court, before the execution of a loan, to the effect that the law of limitation by the entrance of the Sabbatical year shall not apply to the loan to be transacted. Shebi. X, 4; Gitt. 36ᵃ זהו גופו של פ׳ מוסרני לכם וכ׳ this is the body (formula) of a prosbol, ‘I declare before you—, judges in the place—, that I shall collect any debt that I may have outstanding with—, whenever I desire,’ and this is attested by the judges or witnesses. Shebi. X, 3 פ׳ אינו משמט the prosbol has the effect of preventing limitation; כשראה התקין הלל פ׳ … when he observed that people refused to loan to one another and thus violated what is written in the Law (Deut. XV, 9), Hillel introduced the prosbol. Gitt. 36ᵇ כי התקין הלל פ׳ לדריה וכ׳ when Hillel instituted the prosbol, did he ordain it for his time only or for all time to come? Shebi. X, 5 פ׳ המוקדם כשר וכ׳ a prosbol written out before the loan is legal, if after the loan, it is illegal. Tosef. ib. VIII, 10; a. fr.—Pl. פְּרוֹזְבּוּלִין, פְּרוֹזְבְּלִין, פְּרוֹסְ׳. Tosef. B. Bath. XI, 7. Tosef. B. Mets. I, 9. ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹזְבּוּלָא Y. Keth. IX, end, 33ᵃ אשכח פ׳ … והוה פרי מיתן ליה found the prosbol of R. J. and ran to hand it to him. Gitt. 36ᵇ, v. עוּלְבַּן. ↗ expanded
פְּרוּזְבִּין (πρέσβις, later form for πρεσβεύτης) ambassadors. Gen. R. s. 74, end נטל … ושלח פ׳ לפניו he took some of each party of angels and sent an embassy before him; Yalk. ib. 130. ↗ expanded
פְּרוּזְדָּאוֹת (an adapt. of praesidia) posts, guards. Taan. 28ᵃ הושיבו פ׳ על הדרכים וכ׳ (Ms. M. פרדסייות, פרדסייא; Ms. M. 2 פַּרְסַדְיָאוֹת, פַּרְסִידָאוֹת, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. notes 7, 9) they placed guards on the roads as Joroboam had done to prevent pilgrims &c.; Tosef. ib. IV (III), 7 פרדסיאות, פרדסאות (Var. פרסדיאות); Y. ib. IV, 68ᵇ bot. פרסדאות; Yalk. Prov. 946 פרדסיא׳. Taan. 30ᵇ יום שביטל … פרוסדיות (Ms. M. פרדסייאות) on the day that Hosea … removed the guards which Joroboam &c.; B. Bath. 121ᵇ פרדסאות (Ms. R. פרדסיאות, פרדסיות); Gitt. 88ᵃ פרדסיאות. M. Kat. 28ᵇ פרדסאות. ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹזְדּוֹר (πρόθυρον; θ rendered by זד) verandah, vestibule. Targ. I Kings VII, 7 פרוסדא (ed. Lag. פורסדא; corr. acc.).—Ab. IV, 16 העולם חזה דומה לפ׳ וכ׳ (Ar. לפרוס׳) this world is like a vestibule to the world to come; prepare thyself in the vestibule &c. Cant. R. to IV, 12 בא וישב עליה בפ׳ he (the king) came and sat down in judgment over it on the verandah (in the sight of all people).—Trnsf. the forepart of female genitals, the lower end of the vagina or uterus. Nidd. II, 5. Tosef. ib. III, 9 פרסדיר ed. Zuck. (Var. פרוזדור). Y. ib. II, 50ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרוּטָה (פָּרַט) small change, in gen. money. Snh. 97ᵃ (the Messiah will not come) עד שתכלה פ׳ מן הכיס until the money is gone from the bag (general poverty will prevail). Pesik. Baḥod., p. 101ᵇ; Yalk. Ex. 271 בראשונה שהיתה הפ׳ מצויה וכ׳ (not בראשון) formerly when money was plentiful, people were anxious to hear a word of the Mishnah &c. (legal discussions), ועכשיו שאין הפ׳ מצויה וכ׳ but now when money is scarce (Israel is poor) …, people want to hear a word of the Bible &c. (cheering the soul); a. fr.—Esp. p’ruṭah, a small coin, one eighth of the as(אִיסָר). Kidd. I, 1. Shebu. VI, 1; B. Mets. IV, 7 שוה פ׳ the value of a P’ruṭah; a. v. fr.—Ned. 33ᵇ קא מהני ליה פ׳ דרב יוסף he gains the poor man’s penny of R. Joseph (who considers the keeper of a lost object a paid guardian, because, while engaged in one religious work, he is exempt from every other religious duty that may arise).—Pl. פְּרוּטוֹת. Y. Kidd. I, 58ᵈ bot. B. Mets. l. c. חמש פ׳ הן there are five cases in which the value of a P’ruṭah is legally recognized. Ib. 55ᵃ אין אונאה לפ׳ there is no redress in cases of overreaching where the claim is only P’ruṭahs (less than one as). Ib. 46ᵃ Ar. (ed. פְּרוֹטְטוֹת). Pes. 50ᵇ ארבעה פ׳ אין בהן וכ׳ in four pennies (ways of earning a livelihood) there is never a sign of blessing &c.; a. fr. drop.—Pl. as ab. Kel. II, 6 מוציא פ׳ a vessel letting liquid out in drops, dropping-bottle.—[Y. Kil. VIII, 31ᶜ bot., v. פְּרוּטִיּוֹת]. ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹטוֹגַמְיָא (πρωτογάμια, cmp. πρωτόγαμος) being just married. שבת של פ׳the first Sabbath after a wedding. Y. Dem. IV, 24ᵃ top. (by confusion with προγάμια) sacrifice before the wedding, in gen. wedding preliminaries; trnsf. preliminary events. Midr. Till. to Ps. XIV, end וקבעו פ׳ ביום פלני (not פרוסט׳) and they appointed a certain day for the progamia; ומי מעכב פ׳ and what is the cause of the delay (of the wedding)? The progamia; Yalk. ib. 663 פרוזטוגמא (corr. acc.). Lev. R. s. 11, beg. (ref. to Ez. XXXIX, 9) ואותן שבע שנים הן הן פ׳ (not פרטגמיא) and these seven years (preceding the advent of the Messiah) are the progamia of the righteous in the days to come; וסימנך דעביד פ׳ אכיל משתותא and thy mnemonical sign be, he who prepares (takes part in) the progamia will have a share in the wedding festival; Yalk. Prov. 944 פרוטיגמא (corr. acc.); דאכל פ׳ וכ׳ he who eats of the progamia &c.; Y. Shebi. IV, end, 35ᶜ ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹטוֹמִי (προτομή) bust, esp. the imperial bust of the Roman standards, to which divine honors were paid (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Signa, a. Joseph. B. J. II, 9; 2). Ex. R. s. 15 [read:] שלח המלך פ׳ שלו למדינה וכ׳ the king sent his bust to a province that they should put up his images (copies of that bust) &c.; אין אנו כורעין לפניו אלא בשביל פ׳ וכ׳ we do not bow before it (the wood) for its own sake, but for the sake of the king’s bust which is portrayed on it.—Pl. פְּרוֹטוֹמִין. Tanḥ. Shof’tim 9 (read as ed. Bub. 8) בשעה שהקב"ה ידין את אומות העולם תופשן לדין הן ואלהיהן ומעמיד להם פ׳ וכ׳ (ed. פרטומין, some ed. פרמוטין, ed. Bub. פיטומין, corr. acc.) when the Lord shall judge the nations of the world, he will arrest them and their gods, and put up their busts, and bring in the tablets with the ten commandments, and ask them, did they (the nations) ever care for you? &c. ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹטְטוֹת (v. פְּרוּטָה) [drops,] uncoined pieces of metal used for change. B. Mets. 46ᵃ (Ar. פרוטות). ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹטִי (πρωτή) first (class). Y. Yoma III, 40ᵈ top ואין שני שבפילוסין … משם מילה דשמעה פ׳ is not second class Pelusium linen better than first class Indian? but (the latter is preferred) because of the thing which is named ‘first.’ Ib. (as regards oil, ref. to Men. VIII, 5). ↗ expanded
פְּרוּטִיּיוֹת c. pl. a sort of hybrids, mules of which it is unknown whether their sires were horses and their mothers asses or the reverse Kil. VIII, 5; Y. ib. 31ᶜ bot. הפרוטות (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹטִיקְטוֹר (protector) one of the royal life-guard. Ex. R. s. 37 Mus. ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹטְרוֹט (פָּרַט) units, odd sum, detail number. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXIII חמשה עשר אלף ופ׳ fifteen thousand and an odd sum (less than one thousand); [read:] וכמה הוא פ׳ שבע מאות ושמונים ותשע and how much was that odd sum (over fifteen thousand)? Seven hundred and eighty-nine. Y. Taan. IV, end, 64ᶜ היו מוצאין עצמן … ופ׳ (not עצמו) they found that they had lost upwards of fifteen thousand; Midr. Sam. ch. XXXII, end ט"ו אלף בפ׳ (corr. acc.); Lam. R. introd. (R. Z’ʿera) (corr. acc.). Y. Naz. V, beg. 53ᵈ; Y. Shek. II, 46ᶜ, sq. במכנס פ׳ (not פרוטרות) when he piles up the coins one by one. Bekh. 5ᵃ לא מנאן הכתוב אלא בפ׳ the Scripture counts them only by single Manehs (not by Kikkars); Y. Snh. I, end, 19ᵈ ואתעביד ליה פ׳ it is counted by single Manehs. Tosef. B. Mets. IV, 17 if he says, הילך מנה ואינו יכול לעמוד על הפ׳ ‘here is a Maneh for thee (as thy share in the profits)’, but is unable to give a detailed account; Y. ib. V, 10ᵇ שאינו … כפ׳ (corr. acc.). Tosef. Maas. Sh. II, 10 אלא אם כן יש עמו פראטרוט ed. Zuck. (Var. פרוטרט; corr. acc.) unless he has with him an itemized account (of the ready money and of the value of the products). ↗ expanded
פַּרְוִילָא = פַּרְוָורָא.—Pl. פַּרְוִילִין, פַּרְוִילֵי, פַּרְוִוי׳. Targ. Y. I Num. XXXV, 2, Targ. Y. II, Num. XXXV, 2-5 (ed. Amst. פרז׳, פדורל׳, פדורוילי, בדורל׳, corr. acc.; h. text מגרש׳). Targ. Y. Lev. XXV, 34 (Ar. פרוורי). Targ. I Chr. VI, 40; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּרְוַיִם (b. h.) Parvayim, name of a district or place known for its gold mines. Num. R. s. 11 מהו פ׳ שהיה עושה פירות why is it named gold of P.? Because the trees made of it in the Temple bore fruit (v. Yoma 21ᵇ). Num. R. s. 12; Cant. R. to III, 10 אדום (ו)דומה לדם הפׄרׄ it was red and looked like the blood of a bullock. Snh. 103ᵇ יש לנו זהב פרויים וכ׳ we have Parvayim gold …, let him take away his light; a. e.—[Num. R. s. 12 עשו לה פרוים, מן פ׳, read: פִּרְיוֹם.] ↗ expanded
פָּרוֹכֶתcurtain, (also collect. noun) curtains. Yoma V, 1 לא היתה שם אלא פ׳ אחת only one curtain was there (in the Second Temple, between the Holy and the Holy of Holies). Ib. מהלך … עם הפ׳ he walked to the left alongside the curtain. Ib. 4; a. fr.—Pl. פָּרוֹכוֹת, פָּרֹכוֹת, פָּרוֹכֶת. Ib. 1 (51ᵇ) שתי הפ׳ המבדילות וכ׳ (Talm. ed. הפרוכת, Ms. L. הפרכות) the two curtains which formed the partition between …, and between which was a space of one cubit (v. טְרַכְסִין). Shek. V, 1 על הפרכות (Y. ed. הפרוכת) superintendent over the manufacture of the Temple curtains; Y. ib. 49ᵃ ממונה על אורגי פ׳. Keth. 106ᵃ י"ג פרכות היו וכ׳ there were thirteen curtains in the (Second) Temple; Yoma 54ᵃ פרוכת. Ib. פ׳ דבבי the curtains at the Temple gates; a. fr.—Pirké d’R. El. ch. XLI פָּרֹכִיּוֹת שחורות black curtains. ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹמָאָה (פְּרַם) house-breaker, burglar.—Pl. פּרוֹמָאֵי. B. Mets. 42ᵃ והאידנא דשכיחי פ׳ and nowadays when burglars are frequent (who split joists to hunt for money hidden in them). ↗ expanded
פְּרוּמְבְּיָא (φορβεία) halter. Sabb. V, 1, v פַּגָּא I. Y. ib. V, end, 7ᶜ; a. e.—Targ. Ps. XXXII, 9 (h. text רסן). Targ. Job XLI, 5 פְּרוּמְבְּיֵיה (Var. in Ms. ריסניה). ↗ expanded
פְּרוּנְקָא (פְּרַק, with anorg. נ) [torn off,] 2) rag used to cover wine casks &c. Ab. Zar. 30ᵃ צרונהי בפ׳ they tied a shred around it. Sabb. 48ᵃ מאי שנא מפ׳ wherein is this different from covering the cask with a rag? Ib. 139ᵇ האי פ׳ אפלגא וכ׳ to spread a shred over a part of a cask is permitted. [Ar. reads פְּרַנְקָא.] ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹס (πρός) prepos. before, with; (in ed. mostly combined with the noun). Gitt. 36ᵇ bot. פ׳ בולי ובוטי Ar. (ed. פרוסבולי), v. בּיּלְבּוּטֵיס. Meg. 15ᵃ Ms. M., v. פְּרוּזְבּוּטֵי. ↗ expanded
פְּרוּס (פָּרַס) broken piece, part, half. Men. VII, 2 (77ᵇ) (ref. to Lev. VII, 14) שלא יטול פ׳ this indicates that he shall not take a piece of a cake; a. fr.—Shek. III, 1 בפרוס הפסח וכ׳ (Y. ed. בפְרַס) at half the period of preparation for the Passover &c. (during which the laws of the respective festival are expounded); v. Y. ib. III, beg. 47ᵇ פלגא בשלשים יום half of the thirty days. ↗ expanded
פְּרוּסָה (פָּרַס) piece, esp. piece of bread, bread. R. Hash. 29ᵇ, v. פָּרַס. Tosef. Peah IV, 10 עני שנותן פרוטה לקופה ופ׳ לתמחוי (ed. Zuck. פרוטה לתמחוי ופרוטה לקופה, corr. acc.) a poor man that contributes a P’ruṭah to the charity fund or a piece of bread to the public crib. Ḥull. 7ᵇ, v. בָּצַע. Pesik. R. s. 33 הפ׳ the bread (livelihood, v. פַּרְנָסָה); a. fr.—Pl. פְּרוּסוֹת. Dem. V, 5 פ׳ פת pieces of bread. Tosef. Ter. V, 14; a. e.—Esth. R. to I, 3 (play on פָּרָס) שקיבלה את המלכות פ׳ וכ׳ she (Persia) obtained rulership piecewise, once in the days of T’radah (Xerxes?), and once in the days of Artaban (the Parthian empire). ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹסְטַגְמָא (variously corrupted) f. (πρόσταγμα) ordinance, proclamation. Tanḥ. Ekeb 11 פרוזדוגייא (corr. acc.), v. דַּוָּאר I. Pesik. Shor, p. 77ᵃ; Tanḥ. Emor 10 למלך ששלח פ׳ שלו וכ׳ like a king that sent his proclamation to a province &c.; הדא קרית שמע פ׳ שלי וכ׳ this reading of the Sh’mʿa (Deut. VI, 4) is my (God’s) proclamation &c.; Lev. R. s. 27. Gen. R. s. 42 פרסטגמא. Pesik. Baḥod., p. 102ᵃ שלא יהו דברי תורה בעיניך כפ׳ וכ׳ that the words of the Law be not in thy eyes like an old proclamation, but like a new one, which all run to read; Yalk. Prov. 960. Pesik. R. s. 33 [read:] פ׳ שלו פרושה בחדש הראשון בשלשה עשר יום בו his (Haman’s) decree was promulgated in the first month &c. (Esth. III, 12); Yalk. Is. 336 (corr. acc.); a. fr.—Pl. פְּרוֹסְטַגְמָאוֹת, פְּרוֹזְדַּגְמָ׳. Lev. R. s. 17 שלש פ׳ שלח וכ׳ Joshua sent three proclamations to the Canaanites: whoever wishes to emigrate &c.; Y. Shebi. VI, 36ᶜ bot. פרסטיגיות (corr. acc.). V. דִּיאֲטַגְמָא. ↗ expanded
פרוספיא , read: פְּרוֹסוֹפָּא m. pl. (πρόσωπα) faces. Y’lamd. to Deut. IV, 4, quot. in Ar. (ref. to וקלע כרובים, I Kings VI, 35) פ׳ he carved the faces of the cherubim. ↗ expanded
פֵּרוּעַ (פָּרַע) uncovering. Keth. 72ᵃ bot. (ref. to Num. V, 18) אזהרה … שלא יצאו בפ׳ ראש this implies a warning for the daughters of Israel not to go out bareheaded. Ib.ᵇ אין בו משום פ׳ ראש is does not come under the category of bareheadedness. Ber. 62ᵃ כל זמן … את פֵּרוּעוֹ so that his neighbor may not see him uncover himself. ↗ expanded
פֵּרוּעַ ² (preced.) = h. פֶּרַע, wild, neglected growth of the hair; (adv.) in a wild, neglected condition. Targ. Ez. XLIV, 20. Targ. Lev. X, 6 (not פָּ׳); a. fr.—[Lam. R. to I, 16 ונסב פרועיך, read: פְּרִיטִיךְ, v. פְּרִיטָא.] ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹפּוֹסִיטוֹס (præpositus, πραιπόσιτος) præpositus, a title of several imperial officers, esp. (= magister militum) chief of the army. Num. R. s. 1, end אומר פ׳ לך מנה וכ׳ (not סוטוט …) he says to the præpositus, go and count all legions except &c. Ex. R. s. 15 נכנס פרוסביטוס וכ׳ (corr. acc.) the præpositus with his suite went in &c. Ib. הפרופסיטון (corr. acc.).—Pl. פְּרוֹפּוֹסִיטִין. Num. R. s. 7 בו"ד יש לו פריפיסיטין וכ׳ (read: פְּרִיפּוֹ׳) a human king has præpositi (to muster the army), and so the Lord has (ref. to Num. I, 2). Y’lamd. to Num. X, 1, quot. in Ar. והיו הפ׳ באין תחלה וכ׳ the præpositi came first (to the headquarters), and then the legions. ↗ expanded
פָּרוֹקָא (פְּרַק) redeemer. Targ. Ruth IV, 3. Targ. Y. Ex. XV, 18; a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 32, end, a. e., v. גּוֹאֵל. Lam. R. to I, 16 דאתיליד פְּרוֹקְהוֹן דיהודאי (some ed. פְּרִיקְ׳) the redeemer of the Jews was born; a. e.—Pl. פְּרוֹקִין. Targ. Y. Gen. L, 25; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹקְוִיסְטוֹרִין (proquæstors) proquæstors, magistrates associated with the procurator in the administration of a province. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVII שמא אם משלח להם פ׳ וכ׳ (not פרוסטקוסרין; ed. Bub. ארכון) but if a king sends proquæstors to a province to collect from them one hundred litras of gold …, are they empowered to allow a reduction? ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹקוֹפִּי (προκοπή) promotion, preferment. Gen. R. s. 12, end הואיל ולגיון … נותן לו פ׳ שלא תזוז וכ׳ (not פרוקפי) because this legion was the first to proclaim me king, I will give it a preferment (rank) which shall not be taken from it; הרי אני נותן לה פ׳ וכ׳ I will give her (the earth) a position from which she shall never be moved (ref. to Ps. CIV, 5); Midr. Till. to Ps. XCIII; Yalk. ib. 847 פרוסקופי (corr. acc.). Gen. R. s. 48 כל מי שתופשו אני נותן פ׳ whoever will seize him (the chief robber), him will I promote; ib. איזו פ׳, v. פָּחַד; Yalk. Is. 304. Gen. R. s. 90 [read:] שלא יהא אדם נוטל פ׳ וכ׳ that none shall receive preferment except through thee; Yalk. ib. 148 (not פורק׳). Lev. R. s. 18. Ruth R. to I, 12 פרופקפוא, פרופקפיא (corr. acc.); a. e.—Pl. פְּרוֹקְפָּאוֹת. Tanḥ. Vayḥi 8 התחיל מחלק להן פ׳ he undertook to distribute promotions among them. ↗ expanded
פרוקטו , prob. a corrupt. for טְרוֹפִּיקִי f. (τροπική, sub. ἡμέρα) the day of the midwinter solstice. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ פ׳ ראשה של תקופה the festival of tropiké marks the beginning of the solstice period. ↗ expanded
פְּרוּקְלָאP’ruḳla (Proclus), a Roman general. Y. Snh. III, 21ᵇ כד עאל פ׳ וכ׳ when P. (with his army) came to Sepphoris. ↗ expanded
פְּרוּקְלוֹס (preced.) Proclus, a gentile. Ab. Zar. III, 4 (44ᵇ) פ׳ בן פילוספוס (Ms. M. פרקולוס; Y. ed. a. Mish. Nap. פרקלוס); Yalk. Deut. 888 פרק׳. ↗ expanded
פָּרוּשׁ (פָּרַשׁ) seceder.— Pl. פְּרוּשִׁים, פְּרוּשִׁין. Pes. 70ᵇ ואנן טעמא דפ׳ וכ׳ must we follow up the argument of seceders (that left the college and established a school of their own)?, v. פָּרַשׁ. [Tosef. Ber. III, 25 כולל של מינים בשל פ׳ combines the prayer against the heretics with that against the renegades; Y. ib. II, 5ᵃ top רשעים.] discreet, abstemious, saintly, pure. Lev. R. s. 24 (ref. to Lev. XIX, 2) כשם שאני פ׳ כך תהיו פרושים וכ׳ as I (the Lord) am pure, so be you pure; as I am holy, so be you holy.—Pl. as ab. Sifra K’dosh. beg. (expl. קדשים, Lev. l. c.) פ׳ היו be self-restraining. Tosef. Sot. XV, 11; B. Bath. 60ᵇ כשחרב … רבו פ׳ וכ׳ after the destruction of the Temple the abstemious in Israel who refused to eat meat increased &c.—Esp. Parush, Pharisee, a strict observer of the Mosaic Law and the Rabbinical regulations. Tosef. Sabb. I, 15; Sabb. 13ᵃ לא יאכל זב פ׳ עם זב עם הארץ an observant gonorrhœist should not dine with an ignorant gonorrhœist (who is suspected of disregarding the laws concerning tithes, levitical cleanness &c., v. חָבֵר). Y. Ber. IX, 14ᵇ bot. (speaking of the various kinds of Pharisees) אין לך … פְּרוּשׁ אהבה כאברהם of all of them none is beloved except the Pharisee from love (of God) like Abraham; Y. Sot. V, 20ᶜ bot.; Bab. Sot. 22ᵇ פ׳ מאהבה a Pharisee from love (of reward, Rashi); פ׳ (מ)יראה from fear (of punishment); פ׳ שיכמי, ניקפי &c., v. respective determinants.—Pl. as ab. Ib. אל תתיראי מן הפ׳ וכ׳ be not afraid of the Pharisees or of the non-Pharisees, but of the painted (the hypocrites) &c.—מכת פ׳, v. מַכָּה.—Kidd. 66ᵃ לבם של פ׳ עליך the Pharisees are opposed to thee in their hearts; a. fr.—Fem. פְּרוּשָׁה. Sot. III, 4 אשה פ׳ a sactimonious woman, expl. ib. 22ᵃ כגון יוחני וכ׳, v. יוֹחָנִי 2. ↗ expanded
פְּרוֹתִיזְמִיאָה (προθεσμία, sub. ἡμέρα) appointed day, fixed term. Mekh. B’shall. s. 1 הגיעה פ׳ שלכם וכ׳ (not פירותזי׳) your time for the return to Egypt has come; Yalk. Ex. 230 פרטגמ׳ (corr. acc.). Pesik. Baḥod., p. 103ᵇ sq. למלך שקידש … וקבע לה פ׳ וכיון שהגיעה פ׳ וכ׳ (not פרוזתימייא) like a king who betrothed a lady to himself and appointed for her a term (when to marry her), and when the time came, he said &c. (v. פְּרוֹטוֹגַמְיָא). ↗ expanded
פָּרַזto break through, open, v. פָּרוּז. Hif. הִפְרִיזto break through, go beyond. Nidd. 4ᵇ ה׳ על מדותיו went beyond his measures, i.e. extended the restrictions of the law too far. Ned. 32ᵃ ה׳ על מדותיו של הקב"ה he went too far in testing the attributes (goodness) of the Lord, i.e. presumed on God’s kindness by asking for a sign (Gen. XV, 8); Yalk. Gen. 74. Koh. R. to VIII, 8 מַפְרִיזִין באצבעותיהן וכ׳ pointed with their fingers towards a distance, saying, the vision which he sees &c. (Ez. XII, 27); (Lam. R. introd. (R. Ḥan. 1) ומורין, v. יָרָה). to offer a higher rent than originally stipulated in consideration of a loan to be used to improve the property. B. Mets. V, 5 ומַפְרִיז על שדהו וכ׳ (Var. ומַפְרִין; Ms. M. ומפרי׳; Y. ed. ומפרין) and a tenant may offer higher rent for his field in consideration of a loan for improvements, and need not regard the appearance of usury. Ib. 69ᵇ אין מפריז לא על חנות וכ׳ (Ms. M. everywhere מפרין) you dare not offer higher rent for a shop or a ship in consideration of a loan (to be invested in the business); Y. ib. V, 10ᶜ top מפרין; v. פָּרָה a. פָּרַן. ↗ expanded
פַּרְזְדָאוָן f. pl. = h. פְּרוּזְדָּאוֹת. Targ. Koh. III, 11; Targ. Ruth IV, 20 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. פרוזבין, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פִּרְזוֹמָא (περίζωμα) girdle, apron; (also collect.) aprons. Succ. 11ᵃ רמא … לפ׳ דאינשי ביתיה (Ms. M. פרזימא; Ms. M. 2 פרוזמא) attached show-fringes to the aprons (of the women) of his household; Men. 43ᵃ (Ms. M. פרזי׳; Ms. K. פירזו׳).—Pl. (Hebr.) פִּרְזוֹמָאוֹת, פִּרְזוֹמָיוֹת. Sabb. 125ᵃ פרזומי׳ early eds. (Ms. M. פרזמ׳, later ed. פרוזמ׳, Ar. פרוזמא׳).—V. פְּרִיזוֹמָטָא. ↗ expanded
פִּרְזוּמָא (פַּרְזֵם) juice, brewage, beer of figs, thorns &c. Pes. 107ᵃ ומה פ׳ דבעאי וכ׳ Ar. (ed. פיר׳; Ms. M. פורזימא, Ms. M. 2 פורזמא; the words in ed. a. Mss. between פ׳ a. דבעאי, are a gloss to פ׳, read as in Ms. O. שכר תאיני ואסיני) since I asked … even with regard to pirzuma (which is superior to barley beer) &c. פ׳ דשיכרא the second run of barley beer. Kidd. 52ᵇ Ar. (Rashi פרוזמא; ed. a. Var. Ar. פְּרוּמָא q. v.). ↗ expanded
פַּרְזֵל (Parel of פזל) to turn, twist. Ithpar. אִיפַּרְזֵלto twist one’s self, to struggle. Gitt. 68ᵃ הוה קא מִיפַּרְזֵל he struggled (to get rid of the chain). ↗ expanded
פַּרְזֶל = h. בַּרְזֶל. Targ. Esth. V, 14. Targ. Deut. VIII, 9 (O. ed. Berl. בר׳); a. fr.—Pl. פַּרְזְלַיָּיא, פַּרְזְלַיָּהiron tools. Lev. R. s. 24 יהון מקשין בפ׳ וכ׳ (ed. Wil. מקשיין בפריזלא, corr. acc.) let them rattle with the iron tools and say &c.; הוון מקשין בפ׳ (ed. Wil. בפרזלא, corr. acc.) they rattled with &c. Y. Nidd. II, end, 50ᵇ פַּרְזְלוֹי הריפין his tools are sharp (he is an ingenious scholar, and does not need consultation with others, v. חָדַד). ↗ expanded
פַּרְזְלָא 2Tavvar Parz’la (Iron Mount), name for Kadesh. Targ. Y. Num. XXXIII, 36, v. רְקָם. ↗ expanded
פַּרְזֵם (Parel of מזם, cmp. פְּצַם) to burst open, press. Gitt. 69ᵃ (?) אֲפַרְזְמִינְהוּ למיא מיניה Ar. (not found in ed.) I shall press the juice out of it.—V. פִּרְזוּמָא. ↗ expanded
פַּרְזָקParzaḳ. B. Mets. 49ᵇ דקא בעי … דבי פ׳ רופילא that one of the men of lieutenant P. intended to take it by force. ↗ expanded
פָּרַח (b. h.) [to break through,] to bloom, sprout. Ber. 47ᵇ, sq. קטן פּוֹרֵחַ a boy developing signs of puberty (before the usual age). Num. R. s. 18, end ומעצמו פ׳ and it (the staff) blossomed of itself (without being planted); a. fr.—Esp. (with ref. to Lev. XIII, 12) to become white, spread all over. Neg. VIII, 1 הפורח מן הטמא טהור a leprosy that ‘blossoms’ after the person has been declared unclean, is clean. Ib. 2 פָּרְחָה בכולו if it spread over the entire body. Ib. VII, 5 עד שתִּפְרַח בכולו until it spreads over &c.; a. fr.—2) to fly, fly off; to swim. Kinn. II, 1, sq. B. Mets. I, 4 גוזלות שלא פרחו unfledged pigeons. Ḥull. III, 7, v. סְנַפִּיר. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᶜ top הלוחות היו מבקשין לִפְרוֹחַ the tablets wanted to fly (off Moses’ hands); הכתב עצמו פ׳ only the letters flew off; כיון שפ׳ הכתב וכ׳ when the letters had flown off, the tablets became too heavy for Moses’ hands. Ab. Zar. 18ᵃ (of a martyr dying on the pyre) גוילין … פּוֹרְחוֹת I see the sheets of the book of the Law burn, and the letters fly off. Ḥag. 15ᵇ; Snh. 106ᵇ מגדל הפורח באויר, v. מִגְדָּל. Ḥag. I, 8 פּוֹרְחִין באויר, v. הֶיתֵּר; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 93, a. e. פָּרְחָה נשמתן their soul fled, i.e. they were shocked by surprise, fear &c. Hif. הִפְרִיחַto bloom, blossom. Num. R. l. c. וה׳ בו בלילה וכ׳ the same night it blossomed and brought forth fruit; Tanḥ. Aḥăré 8 הִפְרִיחוּ ועשו פירות. Lev. R. s. 23; Cant. R. to II, 2 מַפְרחַת, v. כָּמַשׁ; a. fr. to cause sprouting, produce. Gen. R. s. 37 אתמול מַפְרִיחַ מצות וכ׳ yesterday producing meritorious and noble deeds, and to-day so selfish!, v. כָּנַן; Yalk. ib. 62; Yalk. Ps. 832. to be able to fly, be fledged. Ḥull. XII, 3 (140ᵇ) אפרוחים מַפְרִיחִין full-fledged birds; Ḥull. 141ᵃ. B. Mets. l. c.; a. fr. to cause to fly; to chase. Snh. III, 3 מַפְרִיחֵי יונים, v. יוֹנָה II. Gen. R. s. 67; Yalk. Prov. 950 ומַפְרִיחָן and let them fly off, v. סִכְסֵךְ I. Y. Yoma II, 39ᶜ top הִפְרִיחָתוֹ הרוח the wind drove it off (the altar). Y. Erub. I, 19ᵇ bot. ובאת הרוח והִפְרִיחָתָהּ and a wind came and carried it (the Succah) off; a. fr. to place beyond due limits, to cause to protrude. B. Kam. 29ᵇ, sq. לא שנו אלא (ב)מַפְרִיחַ this has been taught (that he is responsible for damage) only when he places the thorns on his ground so that they protrude into the public road, opp. מצמצם when he puts them exactly where his limits end. Tosef. ib. II, 5 המפריח גדירו … לרשות הרבים he who causes his fence of thorns or stones to protrude into the public road. ↗ expanded
פְּרַח 1to bloom. [Targ. Y. Gen. XXX, 37 דפָרַח לבן, prob. name of a tree; h. text לבנה; cmp. פֶּרַח.] to move swiftly, fly, swim, run. Targ. O. Gen. I, 21. Targ. Y. Deut. XIV, 9 (ed. Amst. למַפְ׳, Af.). Ib. 19; a. fr.—Yalk. Deut. 938, a. e., v. זַחֲלָא. Keth. 105ᵇ, v. גַּדְפָא. Gen. R. s. 22 דין אמר חלוץ ודין אמר פרח the one (Abel) said, take thy dress off (the wool is mine), and the other (Cain) said, fly in the air (the earth is mine). Koh. R. to I, 8 והיה פ׳ ואינון פָּרְחִין בתריה he ran, and they ran after him; a. fr. to palpitate. Gitt. 69ᵇ כל שכן דפ׳ ליביה his heart will palpitate still more. to cause to flee, keep off. Pes. 111ᵇ פִּירְחִי נפשיך וכ׳ keep thyself off the service-tree. Pa. פָּרַחto cause to fly, carry off. Ib. 110ᵇ top (in an incantation) פָּרְחֵיה זיקא וכ׳ Ms. M. a. Rashi (ed. פרח׳) let the wind carry off &c.; ib.ᵃ bot. פ׳ פרחייכי, v. פִּרְחָא. Af. אַפְרַחto produce blossoms, to bloom. Targ. Gen. XL, 10. Targ. Y. II, Num. XVII, 23; a. e. to fly, v. supra. to cause to fly, carry; to chase off. Targ. O. Gen. XV, 11 (ed. Berl. ואָתֵיב, v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 6). Targ. Num. XI, 31 (not וְאֶפְ׳; h. text ויגז). Targ. Is. XXVIII, 28. Targ. Prov. VII, 23 (h. text יפלח); a. fr.—Midr. Sam. ch. XXIII (expl. ויעט, I Sam. XXV, 14) אַפְרְחִין במילין he chased them off with (harsh) words; Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ top אפחין (corr. acc.). Shebu. 30ᵇ אַפְרַח עלי בר וכ׳ let a duck fly over me; a. e.—Y. Sot. III, beg. 18ᶜ [read:] חמי היך אַפְרְחִית הדין דידך see how I make this thy argument fly off (I refute it). ↗ expanded
פֶּרַחpreced.) blossom, flower, an ornament in the shape of a flower. Gen. R. s. 91, end, v. כַּפְתּוֹר. Kel. XI, 7 הפ׳ והבסיס the calyx of a candlestick and the shaft. Esth. R. to I, 6 אני ישנתי על פִּרְחוֹ של וכ׳ I slept on the flower (capital) of one of those columns, and there was room for a body at full length, with outstretched hands and feet. Men. 28ᵇ; a. fr.—Pl. פְּרָחִים. Ib. פְּרָחֶיהָ … כמין פִּרְחֵי וכ׳ what did the flowers of the candlestick look like? Like the blossoms on the capitals of columns; a. e. פ׳ לבן White Blossom, name of an aromatic shrub. Deut. R. s. 6, beg. פ׳ לבן הוא שכרו וכ׳ this is a White Blossom, the wages for working at it are half a goldpiece. Y. Shebi. VII, beg. 37ᵇ; Tosef. ib. V, 7 פ׳ לבין ed. Zuck. (Var. פרחבלין, פרחבינ׳, פרחביל׳, corr. acc.). youth.— Pl. as ab. Midd. I, 8, a. fr. פִּרְחֵי כהונה, v. כְּהוּנָּה. young chicken.—Pl. as ab. Keth. 59ᵇ Ar. (ed. אפרוחים). Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᵈ top (expl. סכות בנות, II Kings XVII, 30) תרנגולתא ופְרָחֶיהָ a hen with her chickens. ↗ expanded
פְּרַח 2flower. Targ. Y. Gen. XXX, 37 (v. פְּרַח I). [Targ. Job XX, 3, v. פּוּחָא.]—Esp. caper-blossom, also caper-tree. Ber. 40ᵇ (expl. נצפה) פרחה (Ms. F. פירחא). Ib. 36ᵃ אדעתא דפ׳ for the sake of the caper. Ib. 36ᵇ, v. בּוּטִּיתָא; a. e.—Pl. פִּרְחֵי. Pes. 111ᵇ טולי בי פ׳ רוחי (the demons dwelling in) the shade of caper-trees are named ruḥé a species of locusts. Targ. Joel I, 4 (h. text ילק). palpitation of the heart. Gitt. 69ᵇ *that which is blown off, particle, crumb.— Pl. פִּרְחַיָּיא. Pes. 110ᵃ bot. (in an incantation) פרח פִּרְחַיְיכִי let the wind carry off your crumbs (with which you conjure; v., however, Rashi a. l.). ↗ expanded
פָּרְחָא (preced.) fast-running, flying. Macc. 5ᵃ; Yeb. 116ᵃ, v. גַּמְלָא I.—Pl. פָּרְחֵי. Keth. 61ᵃ אורחי ופ׳ guests and transient visitors.—Fem. pl. פְּרַחְיָין. Koh. R. to IV, 6 טבא מן מאה פ׳ … better one bird tied than one hundred flying. ↗ expanded
פָּרַט (b. h.) to split, open. Lev. R. s. 5 (ref. to Am. VI, 5) שהיו פוֹרְטִים פיהם וכ׳ they opened their mouths wide with cynical speech. Maasr. II, 6 אוכל, פּוֹרֵט he splits (the pomegranate) and eats (a slice). Ib. III, 9. (cmp. עָרַף) to break into small change, to change money. Maas. Sh. II, 8, sq. הפורט סלע וכ׳ he who breaks (changes at the banker’s) a Sela of second-tithes money. B. Bath. 8ᵇ גבאי צדקה … פּוֹרְטִין וכ׳ charity treasurers that have no poor among whom to distribute, may exchange for others (at a fee for the benefit of the fund), but not for themselves. Ex. R. s. 35 יש אדם פורט זהוב וכ׳ a man changes one gold piece, and covers with it many expenses; a. fr. to single out, specify. Mekh. Mishp., s. 5 משמע שניהם כאחת … עד שיִפְרוֹט לך הכתוב יחדו the Vav conjunctive may mean both together (and), or each separately (or), unless the text explicitly states ‘together’ (as Deut. XXII, 10, sq.); Snh. 85ᵇ, a. e. שיְפָרֵט (Pi.). Pes. 21ᵇ כל מקום … עד שיפרוט לך הכתוב כדרך שפ׳ וכ׳ wherever the Law says, ye shall not eat &c., it implies the prohibition of both eating and using, unless the text explicitly permits the use as it does with reference to carcasses (Deut. XIV, 21). Mekh. Bo, s. 5 פרסמו ופְרָטוֹ וכ׳ (or ופֵרְטוֹPi.) the Scripture publishes and specifies him (by name); a. fr. Nif. נִפְרַטto be split, separated. Peah VII, 3 נפל לארץ ונ׳ if a cluster fell to the ground and was separated into single grapes (פֶּרֶט); Sifra K’dosh., Par. 1, ch. III. to be specified, examined singly. Taan. 11ᵃ … בשעת פטירתו נִפְרָטִין לפניו וכ׳ (not נפטרין, Ms. M. נכתבין) when man departs to his eternal home, all his deeds are called up before him one by one, and they say to him &c. Pi. פֵּירֵטto divide, specify &c., v. supra.—Part. pass. מְפוֹרָט. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. V, 10 במ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. במְפוֹרָשׁ) that part which is torn off (and attached only at one point; prob. to be read: במְפוֹרָם, v. פָּרַם).—[Pesik. R. s. 23-24 מפרטתו, read: מסטרתו, v. סָטַר.] ↗ expanded
פְּרַטto break, divide. Ned. 91ᵇ פַּרְטֵיה וכ׳, v. הוּצָא I.—Part. pass. פָּרִיט; f. פְּרִיטָא; pl. פְּרִיטִין; פְּרִיטָן. B. Kam. 117ᵃ bot. דפריטן שפוותיה וכ׳ Ms. R. a. Ar. (Ms. M. דפריט׳; ed. Sonc. דפְרִיטָה; ed. דפרטיה, corr. acc.) he saw that his (R. Kahana’s) lips were parted, and thought he was laughing at him. to specify. M. Kat. 16ᵃ דפַרְטִינָן חטאיה וכ׳ that we must specify his offence in a public proclamation. to belittle, talk against, sneer at. Lam. R. to II, 10 Ar., v. פְּרַת. ↗ expanded
פֶּרֶטpreced.) single grapes, esp. pereṭ, grapes fallen off during cutting, poor man’s share (Lev. XIX, 10). Sifra K’dosh., Par. 1, ch. III; Peah VII, 3 איזהו פ׳ הנושר וכ׳ pereṭ is that which drops &c. Ib. VI, 5 שני גרגרים פ׳ וכ׳ two berries fallen at a time are pereṭ (belong to the poor), three are not pereṭ (may be picked up by the owner); a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּרָט (preced. wds.) that which is singled out, specification, explicit statement, opp. כְּלָל. Sifra introd., v. כְּלָל. B. Kam. 54ᵇ (ref. to Deut. V, 14) מה הפ׳ מפורש בעלי חיים וכ׳ as the explicit specification (thy ox and thy ass) mentions animated beings, so the general expression (and all thy b’hemah) refers to all kinds of animals (including birds). B. Bath. 123ᵃ בפְרָטָן in the detailed account of them, v. כְּלָל. Gen. R. s. 94 (ref. to I Chr. XXV, 3) חמשה בפ׳ ובכללן ששה in the specification there are five (sons of Jeduthun), and in the summing up it says ‘six’; Midr. Sam. ch. XXXII בפְרָטִים חמשה ובכלל ששה; a. v. fr.—Pl. פְּרָטוֹת, פְּרָטִים. Sot. 37ᵇ כללות … ופ׳ באוהל מועד general principles were proclaimed at Sinai, and detailed laws in the Tabernacle; Ḥag. 6ᵃ sq. Ex. R. s. 32, beg. Midr. Sam. l. c.; a. fr. פ׳ ל־ [this is especially mentioned as against], to the exclusion of. Arakh. 30ᵇ; Snh. 86ᵃ, v. מָצָא. B. Kam. 64ᵇ פ׳ למרשיע את עצמו this excludes (exempts from the fine) him who accuses himself; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּרָטָא 1 B. Kam. 54ᵇ א"כ נכתוב רחמנא חד פ׳ if this were so, the text (Deut. V, 14) ought to have stated only one specified object (either ox or ass); ib. 63ᵃ (ref. to Ex. XXII, 8); a. fr.—Pl. פְּרָטֵי. Ib. נכתוב … להני פ׳ גבי האיך the text ought to have made these specifications (‘money or vessels’, Ex. XXII, 6) in connection with this (verse 8). Ib. כל הני פ׳ למה לי what are all these specifications for (what do they exclude)? Ḥull. 66ᵃ תנא … בכללי ופ׳ כי האי גוונא וכ׳ generalizations and specifications of such a nature the Tanna … makes use of for interpretation; B. Kam. 64ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּרָטָא 2P’raṭa, father of R. Eleazar. Gitt. III, 4. Ab. Zar. 17ᵇ; a. e.—[Lev. R. s. 23 לוי בן פ׳, v. פַּלְטָא.] ↗ expanded
פַּרְטוּם (פָּרַט) a fraction, a small portion. Sifré Deut. 353 וכי כמה ארצות … פ׳ זה קטן has Joshua conquered so many lands? Did he not conquer only this small portion (of the earth)?; Yalk. ib. 959 (not פרטוס).—[Tanḥ. Shof’tim 9 פרטומין, v. פְּרוֹטוֹמִי.] ↗ expanded
פַּרְטוֹרְיָינִי (prætoriani, sub. milites) prætorians, imperial body-guard. Esth. R. to I, 3 Mus. (ed. בַּרְקוּרְיָאנִי). ↗ expanded
פְּרָטָטָא (an abbrev.: Pr. T. T.) pro titulo or titulis, whatever be the title. Gen. R. s. 1; Yalk. ib. 2 פלן פ׳ such and such a name followed by the title. ↗ expanded
פרטי , Lev. R. s. 28 להון פ׳, a corrupt., v. אַנְכְּטֵי. ↗ expanded
פִּרְטְתָא 2 (פְּרַט) split; פ׳ דרמונא (= h. פלח הרמון) a split (i.e. fully ripened) pomegranate. Tanḥ. Vaëra 14 כפ׳ דר׳ וכ׳ like the split pomegranate whose seeds are visible from without (v. Löw, Pfl., p. 364), v. חַרְצָנִיתָא; Pesik. Vayhi, p. 3ᵇ; Ex. R. s. 12 פרנותא (corr. acc.); Cant. R. to III, 11 פיטרתא (corr. acc.); Yalk. Ex. 186; Yalk. Job 912 כהדין פרצידא.—[Cant. R. l. c. דכל חדא פיטרתא, read: חַרְצַנְתָּא.] ↗ expanded
פרי [to break through,] to grow, increase, be fruitful. Gitt. 57ᵃ כלומר פְּרוּ ורבו וכ׳ intimating, ‘multiply and increase like chickens’. Num. R. s. 11 את פְּרֵה ורבה לגוי גדול be thou fruitful and grow to be a great nation. Ib. כל מה … היה פָּרֶה ורבה whatever existed in the Temple grew and increased (v. פַּרְוַיִם). Ḥag. 16ᵃ פָּרִין ורבין כבני אדם they increase by propagation like human beings. Ḥull. 92ᵃ (ref. to כפרחת, Gen. XL, 10) הגיע לִפְרוֹת ולרבות … the time has come for Israel to grow and increase (as a nation); a. fr. Hif. הִפְרָהto cause to grow, make fruitful. Ber. 40ᵃ דגים קטנים מַפְרִין ומרבין ומברין כל גופו וכ׳ (Ms. M. מפרין ומרבין גופו וכ׳) small fish make fruitful (increase the sexual vigor) and strengthen the whole body of man; ib. 57ᵇ מפרין ומברין (Ms. M. מפרין ומרבין); Ab. Zar. 29ᵃ מפרין ומרבין (read: ומַבְרִין); a. e.—[ to increase the rent above the original stipulation in consideration of a loan, v. פָּרַז. B. Mets. V, 5 (69ᵇ) מפרין על שדהו ואין חוששין וכ׳ Ar. (Y. ed. ואין חושש—which indicates that מפרין is singular, fr. פָּרַן q. v.).] ↗ expanded
פְּרֵיto increase, grow. B. Bath. 18ᵇ הדר פָּארֵי it will grow again; ib. 19ᵃ top. (cmp. פרח) to run. Lam. R. to III, 7 ערקת תורתיה ופרא בתרה Ar. (ed. נפק) his cow ran off, and he ran after her. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᶜ bot. חויא פָרֵי בתרך a serpent is running after thee. Y. Maas. Sh. V, 56ᵃ top הוות פַּרְיָא והוה פרי וכ׳ she (the cow) ran, and he ran after her &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיpreced. wds.) fruit, produce; fruition, usufruct; profit, interest. Ber. VI, 1 (35ᵃ) על פירות … בורא פְּ׳ העץ over fruits of trees you must say, (blessed be thou &c.) who hast created the fruit of the tree; על פירות הארץ … בורא פ׳ האדמה over growths from the ground you must say; … who hast created the products of the soil. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ הפירי, v. בָּחַל II. Ḥull. 79ᵃ פ׳ עם האם the copulation of a hybrid issue with its mother; a. v. fr.—Pl. פִּרוֹת, פֵּי׳. Ber. l. c., v. supra. Gitt. 47ᵇ, a. e. המוכר שדהו לפ׳ if a man sells his field for the usufruct (for a number of years). Ib. קנין פ׳ כקנין הגיף דמי possession of the usufruct is like ownership of a field (for the time being). Keth. IX, 1 הרי זה אוכל פ׳ בחייה he has the usufruct (of her property) during her lifetime. Ib. פֵּירֵי פ׳ (פֵּרֵי) the usufruct of the produce of the produce, i.e. of the income invested. Peah I, 1 אלו דברים שאדם אוכל פּירוֹתֵיהֶן וכ׳ these are the things of which a man enjoys the interest (for which man is rewarded) in this world, whereas the principal remains for the hereafter. Tosef. ib. I, 2 זכות יש לה קרן ויש לה פ׳ a good deed yields a principal (for the hereafter), and bears interest (in this world); ib. 3 עבירה יש לה קרן ואין לה פ׳ sin creates a capital, but bears no interest; עבירה שעושה פ׳ יש לה פ׳ a sin which bears fruit (influences other people for bad) bears fruit (is punished in this world); Kidd. 40ᵃ; a. v. fr.—Midr. Sam. ch. IV פְּרָיִין שלו its fruits. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיבָטָא (privata, sub. balnea) private baths. Y. Shebi. VIII, 38ᵇ bot. Cant. R. to III, 7 (ref. to Koh. II, 8 תענגות בני האדם) פרובטייה (read פרי׳) this means the private baths; Num. R. s. 11 פרוובטה, פרוזב׳ (corr. acc.).—Hebr. pl. פְּרִיבָטָאוֹת. Gen. R. s. l. Gen. R. s. 8; Yalk. Gen. 13 פרדכסיות, read: פְּרִיבָטָיוֹת; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיגָא (v. פַּרְגִּית) young bird, chicken. Lam. R. to I, 1 יהיב פ׳ בין וכ׳ (רבתי) he divided a chicken between his host and his wife. Y. Ber. VI, 10ᶜ top ובירך על פ׳ וכ׳ and said the blessing over the chicken, saying &c.; a. e.—Pl. פְּרִיגִין, פַּרְגִּיוָן, פַּרְגְּיָין. Gen. R. s. 17; Lev. R. s. 34; Yalk. ib. 665; Yalk. Is. 352. Lam. R. l. c.; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיגוֹרִיP’rigori, an Amora. Y. Ter. XI, 47ᵈ ↗ expanded
פְּרִידָא 1 c. (פְּרַד) [broken loose, brittle,] (collect. noun) pebbles, coarse sand. Targ. Lam. V, 5.—Pl. פְּרִידִין, פְּרִידַיָּיא, פְּרִידָן. Ib. III, 16. Targ. Job XXXVIII, 10 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. פְּרִירַיָּא). Targ. Is. XLVIII, 19 כפְרוּדוֹהִי Kimḥi (ed. Lag. כפְרִירוֹהִי; ed. Wil. כפֵירוּדוֹהִי). single berry.— Pl. as ab. Targ. Y. Lev. XXV, 5 רדופיכון, read: פַּרוּדֵיכוֹן. jujube berry. Gitt. 69ᵃ (oth. opin. lazarwort; Rashi פרידה). ↗ expanded
פְּרִידָא 2P’rida, an Amora. Snh. 82ᵃ; 104ᵃ; Yalk. Kings 249.—Y. B. Bath. IX, 17ᵃ ר׳ פְּרִירָא; Y. Peah VII, 20ᵇ top פְּרִירִי (ed. Krot. פְּרוּרִי). ↗ expanded
פְּרִידָה (פָּרַד) one of a pair of pigeons, single pigeon, opp. to קֵן. Kinn. III, 6 צריכה … פ׳ אחת she is bound to offer a single pigeon in addition; Zeb. 67ᵇ. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., ch. VIII, Par. 7; Zeb. 65ᵃ אפי׳ פ׳ אחת וכ׳ he may offer even one single pigeon; a. fr.—Pl. פְּרִידִין (m.), פְּרִידוֹת. Kinn. l. c. דין … Bab. ed. (Mish. ed. דות …). Sifra l. c.; a. fr.—Trnsf. a dear person. B. Mets. 84ᵇ פ׳ אחת יש לי … ואי אתם וכ׳ one pigeon (my son’s body) is among you, and you will not let him come to me (be buried by my side)? Ib. פ׳ … ואתם וכ׳ I have a dear son among you, and you want to deprive me of him (expose him to the evil eye by showing him too much honor)?—Pl. פְּרִידוֹת. B. Kam. 38ᵇ שתי פ׳ טובות וכ׳ two fine pigeons (precious proselytes) do I expect to bring forth from among you (v. בָּרַךְHif.). a single berry; a slice of a pomegranate. Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵃ top פ׳ אחת של ענב one grape berry; פ׳ אחת של רמון one slice of a pomegranate. Y. Naz. VI, 54ᵈ [read:] פ׳ של רמון … שחלקה בפיו ואכלה a piece of a pomegranate of ʿOrlah (v. עָרְלָה) which one cut off with his mouth and ate. Y. Maasr. I, 48ᵈ; a. e. pebble, particle. Nidd. 27ᵃ, sq. על פ׳ אחת של רקב to one particle of decayed matter; על פ׳ אחת של עפר to one particle of earth. Y. Yoma II, 39ᶜ top ברוב כל פ׳ ופ׳ (the fire must have seized) the larger portion of every particle, opp. רובו של קומץ the larger portion of the handful (of the meal offering); a. e.—Pl. פְּרִידוֹת. Nidd. l. c.—[פרידה ch., v. פְּרִידָא I.] ↗ expanded
פָּרִידְתָּא f. = h. פַּרְדָּנִית. Targ. Prov. VII, 11 (h. text סררת). Ib. IX, 13 (h. text המיה). ↗ expanded
פִּרְיָה (פָּרָה) increase; פ׳ ורביה (with ref. to פרו ורבו, Gen. I, 28) the duty of propagating the human race, the duty of marrying; marital duty. M. Kat. 8ᵇ מפני ביטול פ׳ ור׳ because it might cause a diminution of marriages (as people might defer marriages for the festive season as most convenient). Gen. R. s. 8 האיש מצווה על פ׳ ור׳ וכ׳ the duty of marrying has been put on man, but not on woman; Tanḥ. Noah 12. Yeb. 62ᵃ קיים פ׳ ור׳ he has complied with the duty of propagation (and need not marry again). Ib. דמעיקרא נמי בני פ׳ ור׳ נינהו for they were subject to the duty of propagation before they became Jews (it being one of the Noachidian laws, Gen. IX, 7); a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּרְיוֹם (פרי, v. פּוּרְיָא II) a curtained litter. Cant. R. to III, 10 עשו לה פ׳ … מתוך הפ׳ וכ׳ make a litter for her; it is better that her beauty be seen through the curtains of the litter; Num. R. s. 12 פרוים (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פְּרִיחָה (פָּרַח) flight, flying off. Y. Yoma II, 39ᶜ top בפ׳ האחרונה נתכפרו וכ׳ with the last piece blown off the altar the owner obtains forgiveness (as if it had been burnt). eruption, esp. the white eruption which causes the leper to be declared clean (Lev. XIII, 12, v. פָּרַח). Neg. VIII, 4 [read:] כל פְּרִיחוֹת ראשי איברים שבפְרִיחָתָן טהרו טמא כשחזרו וכ׳ as regards the eruptions on the main limbs, on the ground of which they declared the unclean clean, whenever they resume their natural color, he is unclean again. Ib. 5 מעכב את הפ׳ prevents the person from being declared clean on account of the white eruption. Tosef. ib. III, 9 פְּרִיחַת היחלט (not פריחה) the eruption which appears after the person has been declared definitely unclean; פריחת הסגר after he has been locked up for probation; a. fr.—Pl. פְּרִיחוֹת. Y. Meg. I, 71ᵇ. Neg. VIII, 4, v. supra; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיטָא = h. פְּרוּטָה, small change; money.— Pl. פְּרִיטִין, פְּרִיטַיָּיא, פְּרִיטֵי. Targ. Y. Deut. XIV, 25.—B. Bath. 165ᵇ פ׳ דכספא small silver coins. Ib. 166ᵃ פ׳ דדהבא לא וכ׳ people do not use gold for small change. Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵃ top [read:] סמיכא גבי הדין פ׳ למחר למחר וכ׳ relying on it that he will collect the money (for the cow) the next day; but the next day &c.; בעאי אינון פ׳ (not בעא) I want that money. Y. Ber. II, 5ᵃ top לית לי פ׳ I have no money; Lam. R. to I, 16 end ולבתר … ונסב פְּרִיטָיךְ (not פריעיך, פרועיך) after a time I shall come and get thy money (for the clothes). Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵃ bot. אסור למיתן פ׳ וכ׳ you must not put coins in your mouth; a. v. fr.—Koh. R. to XI, 9 פריוטי, read: פְּרִיטוֹי, v. סְפַן; Pesik. Shub., p. 164ᵇ, v. פְּשַׁר. Pesik. R. s. 23-24 דילמא הוא בעי פ׳ יתר (not פריטות) maybe he wants more money. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיכָה (פָּרַךְ) crushing; rigorous tyranny. Sot. 11ᵇ; Ex. R. s. 1 (expl. בפרך, Ex. I, 13) בפ׳ it means ‘with rigor’ (opp. to בפׄה רׄךׄ with persuasion); Yalk. ib. 163. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיכוֹרִין (περίχωρα, τὰ; v. LXX Deut. III, 4) district. Deut. R. s. 11 אתה נפגשת … בפ׳ שלך וכ׳ (not בפירב׳, בפירכ׳) thou (Jacob) didst meet the angel in thine own territory (on earth), but I (Moses) went up to the angels into their territory; (Yalk. Deut. 951 באִפַּרְכְיָא); v. פָּרָאכוֹרִין. ↗ expanded
פְּרִימָה (פָּרַם) tearing, rending of garments. Meg. I, 7 אין בין … אלא פריעה ופ׳ בלבד there is no legal difference between the locked up and the definite leper, except with regard to letting the hair grow wild and tearing the garments (Lev. XIII, 45). Sifra Thazr., Par. 5, ch. IX וטהר מן הפריעה ומן הפ׳ וכ׳ ‘he is clean’ (Lev. XIII, 34), that is, he is free from the duty of &c. Hor. 12ᵇ (ref. to Lev. XXI, 10) שאינו בפריעה ופ׳ כל עיקר that he must not let his hair grow wild or tear his garments at all; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיסוּתָא (פְּרַס) spreading, cover, layer; פ׳ דתרבא the layer of fat which is spread over the cut throat of the sacrifice (v. Ḥull. 27ᵇ). Targ. Y. Lev. I, 8; III, 3; 14. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיסְתְּוָתָא (denom. of פריסא, cmp. Lat. velarius; Syr. פרסטיותא, פרסתנתא, P. Sm. 3281; 3283) curtain-guards, chambermaids. Targ. Jud. V, 29 (h. text שרות׳; Pesh. עלימתא). ↗ expanded
פְּרִיסְתְּקָא (v. פַּרְדִּיסְקֵי I) soldier, orderly, policeman. Gitt. 56ᵇ אתא פ׳ עליה מרומי a courier came for his sake from Rome and said, Rise, for they have elected thee Cæsar (Ar. a message). Ber. 58ᵃ שדר עליה פ׳ he (the king) sent an orderly for him (summoning him to appear; Ms. M. שדר קיסר קרייה). B. Mets. 86ᵃ שדרו פ׳ דמלכא בתריה (Ms. M. פ׳ only) they sent a policeman after him (to arrest him). Keth. 62ᵃ ולא חליף פ׳ דמלכא וכ׳ and a royal officer never passed his door (to molest him with execution &c.; Ar. דְּרוּקָא).—Pl. פְּרִיסְתְּקֵי. Meg. 7ᵃ דילמא פ׳ שדור (Ms. O. פ׳ דמלכא) perhaps they sent word through orderlies; Yalk. Esth. 1059 (sing.).—Hebr. form פְּרַסְתְּקִין. Gen. R. s. 41 ילך ויביא לו שני פ׳ מן וכ׳ (Ar. פרצתקין) let him go and bring in two soldiers (common men) from the street and make them his heirs; Yalk. ib. 70. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיעַ 1 (formed fr. part. pass. of פְּרַע I) to be uncovered, deprived of; to forfeit. Targ. Y. I Ex. XXXII, 25 … פְּרִיעוּ ית וכ׳ (Y. II פְּרָעוּ, incorr.) they had forfeited the crown &c. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיעַ 2 (פְּרַע II) speed; בפ׳quickly. Num. R. s. 19 (transl. סרו מהר, Ex. XXXII, 8) סטו בפ׳. Y. Kidd. I, 59ᵃ bot. אינשמת בפ׳ you might have recovered quickly. M’norath Hammaor, ed. Stettin, Nr. 9 quot. fr. Kallah, אמאי לא תיתי בפ׳ why dost thou not come quickly? ↗ expanded
פריעא , Targ. Prov. XXV, 18, v. פָּדוֹעָא.—[Lam. R. to I, 16, end פריעיך, read: פריטיך, v. פְּרִיטָא.] ↗ expanded
פְּרִיעָה (פָּרַע) letting the hair grow in neglect. Meg. I, 7, a. e., v. פְּרִימָה. M. Kat. 15ᵃ אין פ׳ אלא וכ׳ p’riʿah (Lev. XIII, 45) means, to let the hair grow (opp. to the opinion that parʿa means, to uncover, remove the headdress, v. infra). uncovering, removing the mourner’s wrap (v. עֲטִיפָה). Ib. 24ᵃ פְּרִיעַת הראש taking off the mourner’s wrap (on the Sabbath); Gen. R. s. 100. uncovering the corona at circumcision, splitting the membrane and pulling it down. Yeb. 71ᵇ לא ניתנה פְּרִיעַת מילה וכ׳ Abraham was not commanded to tear &c. Deut. R. s. 6, beg. (ref. to למולות, Ex. IV, 26) מכאן למילה ומכאן לפ׳ from this we derive circumcision and also uncovering. Ib. (ref. to המול ימול Gen. XVII, 13) שתי מילות מילה ופ׳ two operations, circumcision and uncovering; a. e. paying a debt. B. Bath. 174ᵃ, a. e. פריעת בעל חוב מצוה וכ׳ paying a creditor is a religious obligation, and minors (the debtor’s children) are not subject to religious obligations (therefore the guarantor who paid for them must wait until they are of age). ↗ expanded
פָּרִיץ [he that breaks through, cmp. בַּרְחָא,] leader, prince, conqueror.— Pl. פָּרִיצִים, פָּרִיצִין. Gen. R. s. 85; Yalk. ib. 145, v. רָבָהPi.unbridled, licentious, impudent.—Pl. as ab. Y. Ber. I, 4ᵇ bot. פָּרִיצֵי הדור the impudent (scorners) of that generation. Kidd. 71ᵃ משרבו הפ׳ היו וכ׳ when the bold (indiscreet) became numerous, the secret of the Divine Name of twelve letters was entrusted only to the discreet &c.; a. fr.—Ukts. III, 6 פריצי זתים, v. זַיִת; Num. R. s. 19 וזהו הפסולת שלהם כפ׳ זתים הפלטים וכ׳ and this (Og who escaped when the Refaïm were beaten) was the refuse among them, like the hard olives that escape being mashed &c.; Yalk. ib. 765. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיצוּתָא (v. פְּרִיצָא I) licentiousness, obscenity. Sot. 48ᵃ זמרי גברי … פ׳ when men sing, and women respond, it is licentiousness. Ib. 26ᵇ פ׳ בעלמא היא ופ׳ וכ׳ this is merely an act of obscenity (not real adultery), and has the Law forbidden a wife to her husband because of an act of obscenity?; Yeb. 55ᵇ. B. Mets. 91ᵃ ואפי׳ משום פ׳ ליכא and it is not even considered an obscenity; a. e.—Trnsf. a bold, licentious woman. Meg. 12ᵇ מכדי פ׳ הואי וכ׳ she (Vashti) being a licentious woman … why did she refuse to appear?; Yalk. Esth. 1049 (not פ׳ הוא). ↗ expanded
פָּרִיק (פְּרַק) redeemer. Targ. Num. V, 8. Targ. Ruth III, 12. Ib. IV, 1; a. fr.—Lam. R. to I, 16, v. פָּרוֹקָא.—Pl. פְּרִיקַיָּיא. Targ. Y. Ex. VI, 16. (part. pass.) redeemed, v. פְּרַק. ↗ expanded
פְּרִיקָא 2 c. (פְּרַק) broken, loose, remote. Targ. Prov. XIII, 19 פ׳ מן ידיעתא (h. text סור מרע! v. LXX a. Pesh.).—Ber. 54ᵃ גמלא פ׳ Ms. M., v. פְּרִיצָא. ↗ expanded
פּרִיקָה (פָּרַק) taking apart, breaking up; untying. Num. R. s. 4 בשעת פְּרִיקָתָן וכ׳ at the taking apart of the tabernacle and its furniture &c., v. פֵּירוּק. Sabb. 73ᵇ אין דרך פ׳ בכך this is not a way of disjointing.—Esp. untying and relieving a broken-down animal, unloading, opp. טְעִינָה. B. Mets. 32ᵃ פ׳ בחנם for unloading you must ask no remuneration; ib. 31ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פָּרִישׁ 1 name of a fruit, quince. Tosef. Succ. II, 9; Succ. 31ᵃ.—Pl. פְּרִישִׁים, פְּרִישִׁין. Kil. I, 4 (= חֲבוּשִׁין Maim.); Y. ib. I, 27ᵃ, expl. אספרלגין, v. אִיסְפַּרְגַּל. Ib. ולמה … פ׳ שאין לך מין אילן פריש לקדרה וכ׳ why are they called p’rishin (set aside, excellent)? Because there is no species of fruit so well adapted for cooking as this. ↗ expanded
פָּרֵישׁ c. ch. same, separated, set aside, lonely. Targ. Jer. XV, 17 (h. text בדד). different. Targ. Job XII, 3 (h. text נֹפֵל = נִפְלָא!). remote, extraordinary, wonderful, distinguished. Ib. XXXI, 11; 28 (h. text פלילים, פלילי). Targ. O. Gen. XLIX, 26 (h. text נזיר). Targ. Ps. CXVIII, 23 (h. text נפלאת); a. e.—Ib. CXXXIX, 14 פְּרִישֵׁית (h. text נפליתי).—Pl. פְּרִישִׁין; f. פְּרִישָׁן. Targ. Ez. I, 11 (h. text פְּרֻדוֹת). Targ. Ps. CXXXI, 1; a. e.—V. next w.↗ expanded
פָּרִישָׁא (preced.) wonderful deed, wonder.— Pl. פְּרִישָׁן, פְּרִישָׁתָא. Targ. Ps. CXXXIX, 14. Targ. Ex. XXXIII, 16 (not פְּרִישַׂן). Targ. Y. ib. XIII, 8 (ed. Vien. פְּרִישִׁין masc.). Ib. XXVI, 28. Targ. Job XXXVII, 14, a. e. פרישתא Ms. (ed. פְּרִישׁוּתָא q. v.). Targ. Y. Deut. IV, 35 (not פְּרִישְׁתָא); a. fr.—[Targ. Job XXXVI, 29, v. פְּרִישְׂתָּא.] ↗ expanded
פְּרִישָׁה 1 (פָּרַשׁ) separation, retirement, preparation. Yoma 8ᵇ שזה פְּרִישָׁתוֹ לקדושה וכ׳ this one (the high priest) is isolated for sanctification (to prepare himself for the functions of the Day of Atonement), and this one (the priest designated to burn the red cow) is isolated for the sake of levitical cleanness. Ḥull. 72ᵇ משעת פְּרִישָׁתָן מאביהן at the moment when they are cut loose from the main body (the garment); פרישתן מאבר when a piece of the embryo is cut loose from the limb to which it belongs; a. e. withdrawal, abstinence. Pes. 22ᵇ כשם שקבלתי שכר על הדרישה … הפ׳ as I am rewarded for explaining (every את in the Scripture), so I shall be rewarded for abstaining (from interpreting the את in Deut. VI, 13); Kidd. 57ᵃ. Sabb. 87ᵃ בארבעה עבוד פ׳ on the fourth day of Sivan they began to observe abstinence (Ex. XIX, 15); a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרִישָׁה 2 (?) P’rishah. Sot. IX, 9 (47ᵃ) תחינה בן פ׳ name of a reputed assassin. ↗ expanded
פְּרִישׁוּת (פָּרַשׁ) separation, parting. Gen. R. s. 70, a. e., v. נְשִׁיקָה. (v. פָּרוּשׁ) abstinence, restriction, self-restraint, piety. Yoma 74ᵇ פ׳ דרך ארץ the enforced abstinence from marital connection. Num. R. s. 10, a. e., v. נְזִירוּת. Sot. IX, 15 משמת … טהרה ופ׳ with the death of … ceased the dignity of the Law, and levitical purity and abstinence died out. Ib. טהרה מביאה לידי פ׳ ופ׳ וכ׳ levitical cleanness leads to self-control, and self-control to sanctity; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרִישׁוּתָא (v. פָּרִישָׁא) wonderful deed, wonder. Targ. Job XXXVII, 14 (Ms. פְּרִישָׁתָא); a. fr.—Pl. פְּרִישְׁוָותָא, פְּרִשְׁ׳. Targ. Y. Ex. III, 20 (O. פְּרִשְׁוָתִי, read תַי …; ed. Berl. פְּרִישָׁתִי, read תַי …; v. Berl. Targ. O. II. p. 20). Targ. Ps. LXXVII, 12; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פָּרַךְto split, divide off. Denom. (cmp. מְחִיצָה) פָּרוֹכֶת. to split (grist &c.); to crush, rub, grind. Ber. 37ᵇ פּוֹרְכָן, v. infra. Ex. R. s. 31 באחרונה אדם פּוֹרְכוֹ בידו וכ׳ at last (when silver has been worked over several times) one may crumble it in one’s hand, and it is no longer fit for any work. B. Mets. 89ᵇ יִפְרוֹךְ Ms. R., v. infra; a. e.—Part. pass. פָּרוּךְ; pl. פְּרוּכִים, פְּרוּכִין. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXVIII, 10-13 (ref. to אמילם ib., v. מָלַל) והמה פ׳ and they were (shall be) crushed. Pi. פֵּרֵךְ, פֵּי׳to split, demolish. Yalk. Gen. 39, v. פָּכַר. to crush, grind; to crack; to husk. Men. 75ᵇ מְפָרְכָן עד וכ׳ (Ber. 37ᵇ פּוֹרְכָן) he crushes them until he has reduced them to the fineness of the flour of which they had been made. Bets. 12ᵇ מְפָרְכִין קטניות וכ׳ you may husk peas on the Holy Day. Sabb. 53ᵇ סכין ומפרכין לאדם וכ׳ Ar. a. early eds. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 70; ed. a. Mss. מפרכסין, v. פִּרְכֵּס I) you may oint a sore and scrape the scab off for a human being (on the Sabbath), but not for a beast; a. e.—[Ib. 155ᵇ מפרכין תבן, v. פְּרַךְ II.] Hif. הִפְרִיךְsame, to smash, crack &c. B. Mets. 89ᵇ לא יַפְרִיךְ … מַפְרִיךְ וכ׳ (Ms. R. יִפְרוֹךְ) the laborer must not smash fruits against a rock and eat them, but he may smash them one by one (with his hand) and eat; a. e.—[Yalk. Gen. 130 מפריכין, read: מפרינין, v. פָּרַן.] Nif. נִפְרָךְto be crumbled; to be cracked; to be scraped, peeled. Bekh. 37ᵇ יבישה כדי שתהא נִפְרֶכֶת a sore is called dry, when it can be scraped. Ḥull. 46ᵇ כדי שתִּיפָּרֵךְ וכ׳ that it can be scraped off with the nail. Ber. 25ᵃ כל זמן שזורקה ואינה נפרכת when he throws it down, and it is not crumbled. Pesik. R. s. 11 שנִיפְרָךְ, v. פֶּרֶךְ; a. e. Hithpa. הִתְפָּרֵךְto be crumbled, threshed. Y. B. Mets. X, end, 12ᶜ כדי שיִתְפָּרֵךְ ברגלו וכ׳ in order that it (the dung) be trodden down by the feet of men and beasts; (Bab. ib. 118ᵇ שיהא נישוף; Tosef. ib. XI, 8 שיישוף). ↗ expanded
פְּרַךְ 1 , to break, smash, crumble.—Part. pass. פְּרִיךְ, פְּרִיכָאcrushed; peeling, brittle. Targ. Lam. IV, 8 (h. text יבש, v. Bekh. 37ᵇ, quot. in preced.).—Lev. R. s. 8, beg., v. אַצִּיל. Pes. 68ᵇ יבשה מִפְּרִיךְ פ׳ a dry wart is scraped off (and not cut). B. Mets. 70ᵃ דהבא פ׳ broken gold-ware (gold dust); B. Bath. 166ᵃ; a. fr.—Trnsf. to refute, raise an objection. B. Kam. 5ᵇ, a. fr. דאיכא למִיפְרַךְ וכ׳ it may be objected (against this analogy) &c.; v. infra. Pa. פָּרֵךְ, פָּרֵיךְsame. [Targ. Koh. III, 3. v. פְּכַר.) Targ. Y. II, Num. XXXIII, 52 תְּפָרְכוּן (not תתפ׳).—Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ bot. כד מְפָרֵךְ ברישייא when he husks the heads of garlic. Bets. 12ᵇ מהו לפָרוּכֵי וכ׳ dare one husk by rubbing and eat the seeds?; a. e.—Trnsf. to refute, raise an objection. Kidd. 13ᵃ, a. fr. פ׳ רב אחא וכ׳ Rab A. objected &c. Ned. 51ᵃ כל … פָּרְכָהּ וכ׳ whatever interpretation of toʿebah Rabbi offered, Bar Ḳ. refuted it. Sot. 7ᵃ ופָרְכוּהָ Rashi a. Tosaf. (ed. ופֵירְכוּהָ Hebr. form) and he refuted it. Pes. 69ᵃ; a. fr. Ithpa. אִתְפָּרַךְ,Ithpe. אִיתְפְּרַךְ, אִיפְּרַךְ, , אִיפְּרִיךְto be crushed; to be dry, parched, easily peeled. Targ. Is. XXIV, 7 (h. text אמלל׳). Targ. Ps. XC, 5. Ib. LXXX, 17 מִיפַּרְכָא Ms. (ed. מופרכא, corr. acc.; ed. Wil. מְפָרְכָא Part. pass. Pa.; h. text כסוחה).—[Targ. Y. II, Num. XXXIII, 52, v. supra.]—Sabb. 20ᵇ אִיפָּרוּכֵי מִפָּרְכָן (or מְפָרְכָן) they are brittle (unfit to be twisted into wicks). Pes. 68ᵇ, v. supra; a. e.—Trnsf. to be refuted. Hor. 14ᵃ כל דאמר מילתא ולא מִיפְּרַךְ וכ׳ whoever will say something and not be refuted, let him be the chief; דכולהו אִיפְּרִיךְ וכ׳ what every one of them said was refuted, what A. said was not; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרַךְ 2 (v. פֵּירוּכְיָיא), Pa.פָּרֵיךְto tie dry ears; to bind sheaves. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVII, 7 (v. כְּרִיכָא II).— to untie sheaves or bundles. Sabb. 155ᵇ מפָרְכִינָן תבן וכ׳ (Ms. M. מפרכין; Ms. O. מפספסין) we may untie bundles of straw and of clover and mix them. Ithpe. אִתְפְּרַךְto be tied up. Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᶜ (ref. to תאלמנה, Ps. XXXI, 19) יִתְפַּרְכַן let them (their lips) be tied up (with ref. to מאלמים, Gen. XXXVII, 7, v. supra); [v. חֲרַשׁ, a. correct tied for crushed]; Gen. R. s. 1 אִתְפַּרְכַן. ↗ expanded
פֶּרֶךְ (פָּרַךְ) (b. h.) tyranny, rigor, v. פְּרִיכָה. Y. Sot. V, 20ᶜ top שהיו משעבדין בהן בפ׳ וכ׳ who had made them serve with rigor and hard labor. Ex. R. s. 5, a. e., v. פָּנוּי; a. e. that which is easily crushed, brittle shell, husk. Orl. III, 7, a. fr. אגוזי פ׳nuts with brittle shells, crack-nuts. Pesik. R. s. 11 האגוז יש בו ג׳ מינים אגוזי פ׳ וכ׳ there are three kinds of nuts: soft-shell nuts, middling nuts &c.; של פ׳ שניפרך מעצמו the perekh nut which bursts open of itself; כך הוא ישראל … מעצמם אלו של פ׳ so are the Israelites: those among them who do good of their own accord are the crack-nuts; Yalk. Cant. 992.—Pl. פְּרָכִים, פְּרָכִין. R. Hash. 13ᵇ עשויין פ׳ פ׳ they (the peas) are husked as you need them. pl. as ab. [crushers,] bars of a grate (through which the poking is done). Kel. XII, 3; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. II, 10. ↗ expanded
פַּרְכְּוִוי (cmp. Pers. Varkani, Bact. Vehrkâna for Hyrcania, a. Βαρκάνιοι = Ὑρκάνιοι, Kiepert Atl. d. Alt. Welt 1860, p. 4) Park’vi, name of a country in Northern Ariana. Targ. Y. II, Gen. X, 3 (ed. Vien. פַּרְכְוַן); Targ. I Chr. I, 6 (not פרס׳; h. text ריפת).—Denom. פַּרְכְּוָאֵי m. pl. inhabitants of P. Targ. Lam. IV, 21. ↗ expanded
פָּרָכוּטֵס (παραχύτης) bathing master (who also kept a restaurant; v. Becker-Göll Gallus I, 157, III, 156), tavern-keeper. Lam. R. to III, 16 הוליכה … אצל חד פ׳ וכ׳ (Ar. אצל המגרוס, v. מָגֵירוֹס) she took her son to a tavern-keeper, and said to him, teach my son the trade &c.; Koh. R. to I, 8 פרכוניס (ed. Leipz. פרקוניס; corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פָּרָכִיטָא = פָּרָכוּטֵס, bathing master. Gen. R. s. 63 כהדין פ׳ שהוא משטף וכ׳ Ar. (ed. פרב׳, corr. acc.) like the bathing master that first scours the bath &c.; Yalk. ib. 110 פרבי׳, פריב׳, (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פַּרְכִּיל (פָּרַךְ; cmp. פֶּרֶק) [limb,] twig with grapes. Ukts. I, 3 יד הפ׳ the handle (stem) of a vine. Ex. R. s. 15 פ׳ של ענבים; a. e.—Pl. פַּרְכִּילִים. Bets. 30ᵇ; Succ. 10ᵃ, a. e. פּרְכִּילֵי ענבים (Tosef. ib. I, 7 אשכולות של ענבים). Y. Bicc. I, 64ᵇ top פַּרְכִּירֵי ענבים. ↗ expanded
פִּרְכֵּס 1 (enlargement of פָּרַךְ) to rub, scrape. Sabb. 53ᵇ, v. פָּרַךְ.—Esp. to grind colors, rub with paint, paint (hair, skin); trnsf. to give a deceptive appearance to. Lam. R. to II, 1 והיו … מְפַרְכְּסִין בדם וכ׳ and the men of the country painted (themselves) with the blood of his (the king’s) enemies. Sabb. 34ᵃ זונות מפַרְכְּסוֹת זו את זו וכ׳ harlots paint one another, how much the more must scholars (be regardful of one another’s honor)! B. Mets. IV, 12 (60ᵃ) אין מְפַרְכְּסִין לא את האדם וכ׳ (Y. ed. a. Mish. Nap. מְפַרְקְסִין) you must not give a deceptive appearance to a human being (slave to be sold) or to a beast or to vessels, v. פִּירְכּוּס I. Y. ib. IV, end, 9ᵈ מהו אין מפרקסין … צור גרמך what is meant by ‘you must not paint (a slave)’? You must not tell him, paint thyself (to appear younger); a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּרִכֵּס 2 (preced.) [to rub, grind,] to move convulsively, to struggle, kick. Ohol. I, 6 הותזו … שמְפַרְכְּסִים וכ׳ if their heads have been cut off, they are unclean (as corpses), although they still move convulsively; כגון זנב … שמְפַרְכֶּכֶת like the tail of the lizzard which moves (after being separated); Tosef. ib. II, 1. Y. Sot. IX, beg. 23ᵇ חלל ולא מְפַרְכֵּס it says ‘slain’ (Deut. XXI, 1) but not struggling. Ḥull. II, 6 עד שתְּפַרְכֵּס ביד וכ׳ unless the animal (when slaughtered) kicks with the foreleg and the hindleg (v. פִּירְכּוּס II). Gen. R. s. 63 יעקב מפרכס לצאת Jacob (in his mother’s womb) struggled to come out; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּרַכְסִין (πρᾶξις) practice, public life. Y. B. Mets. II, 8ᶜ bot. לא אתית … פ׳ דידכון וכ׳ (ed. פרוכסין, כרוכסין, corr. acc.) I have come only to see your ways, how you deal, how you judge. ↗ expanded
פָּרָכָרַגְמָא (παραχάραγμα) false coin, counterfeit. Par. I, 3 Ar. (ed. פרכדיג׳, corr. acc.), v. נוּקָּד. ↗ expanded
פָּרַם (b. h.) to tear open; to strip. Sot. III, 8 האיש פורע ופוֹרֵם … פורעת ופוֹרֶמֶת the (leprous) man must let his hair grow and tear his garments, but a woman should not &c.; Sifra Thazr. Par. 5, ch. XII; Y. Sot. III, end, 19ᵇ. Hor. III, 5 כהן גדול פורם מלמטה וכ׳ the high priest in mourning tears his lower garments; ib. 12ᵇ אינו פורם … פּוֹרְמִין he does not tear his garments in the manner ordinary people in mourning do; Sifra Emor ch. I, Par. 2; Yoma 73ᵃ; a. fr.—Part. pass.פָּרוּם; f. פְּרוּמָה; pl. פְּרוּמִים, פְּרוּמִין; פְּרוּמוֹתexposed, bare. Gitt. 90ᵇ ופ׳ משני צדדיה bare on both her shoulders; Y. ib. IX, end, 50ᵈ צדדיה פרומין; Y. Sot. I, beg. 16ᵇ מְפוֹרָמִין. Pi. פֵּרֵםsame. Part. pass. מְפוֹרָם; pl. מְפוֹרָמִין, v. supra.—[Gen. R. s. 22, end כמפרים some ed., v. פָּרַס.] ↗ expanded
פְּרַם , to cut, split, break into; to chop, hash. Sabb. 74ᵇ האי מאן דפָרֵים סילקא (Var. in Ar. דפָרֵיס) he who minces beets (on the Sabbath). Ber. 39ᵃ פַּרְמִינְהוּ פרימי רברבי Ms. M. (Ar. פירמי, ed. פרימא רבא) if he chopped them into large pieces. M. Kat. 25ᵃ פָּרוּם בבא וכ׳ Ar. (ed. פרוס; Ms. M. 2 פרוץ) they broke through the gate, and carried the body out; a. e.—V. פְּרוֹמָאָה. Ithpe. אִיפְּרַםto be cut, chopped. Ḥull. 30ᵇ sq. חזינן גידפי דמִיפַּרְמֵי we see that the feathers (of the throat) are cut through. ↗ expanded
פַּרְמוֹעָהparmoʿah, a sort of lupine. Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ ed. Zyt. (ed. Krot. פדמ׳; R. S. to Kil. I, 3 פרמותה; Or Zar. Kil. 254 פרמוטה), v. פְּלֹסְלוֹס. ↗ expanded
פַּרְמָקוֹס (φαρμακός) sorcerer. Gen. R. s. 77 Var. (text פרקמוס, incorr.); Cant. R. to III, 6. ↗ expanded
פַּרְמַשְׁתְּ (Pers. parmâstakh, contrectatus or extensus, Fl. to Levy Talm. Dict. IV, 229ᵃ) membrum virile. M. Kat. 18ᵃ פַּרְמַשְׁתְּקוֹ (Ms. M. פַּרְמַשְׁתּוֹ); Yalk. Ex. 182 פרמשתו; Yalk. Dan. 1062 פרמשתקו. ↗ expanded
פָּרָן (פָּרַר) a building with a gateway leading from street to street (cmp. פָּלַשׁ). Toh. VI, 9 (interch. with בסילקי, v. Maim. a. l.).—[R. H. G. reads פָּרוֹן and explains lighthouse (φάρος)—which, however, does not fit the context.] ↗ expanded
פָּרַן (cmp. פָּרַם, פָּרַס) to cut, divide; cmp. פָּסַק,] to assign. Hif. הִפְרִיןto assign, provide, endow. B. Mets. V, 5 ומַפְרִין על שדהו Var. (v. פָּרַז) and may make an arrangement for his field; expl. ib. 69ᵇ השוכר … ואומר תן לי מאתים זוז ואפרנסנה וכ׳ if one rents a field at a rent of ten Kor of wheat a year, and says, lend me two hundred Zuz and I shall improve the field, and I offer thee twelve Kor a year (v. פָּרָהHif.).—Esp. to endow a bride, to promise a dowry. Gen. R. s. 60 (ref. to Gen. XXIV, 60) they were poor ולא היו מַפְרִינִים אלא בפה and endowed (the bride) only with their mouth (with a blessing); Yalk. ib. 109 ולא היו מפרינין אותה וכ׳ (not אותו); Gen. R. s. 74 end מפרינים; Yalk. ib. 130 מפריכין (corr. acc.; Ar. מפריסים, v. פָּרַס). ↗ expanded
פְּרַןAf.אַפְרַןsame, esp. (of the husband) to endow the wife, settle the dowry (מוֹהַר or כְּתוּבָּה). Targ. Y. I Ex. XXII, 15 מִפְרָנָא יַפְרִין (Y. II יִפְרָן; h. text מהר ימהר׳). Targ. Y. Deut. XXI, 13 (h. text ובעלתה). ↗ expanded
פְּרָן (preced.) the wife’s settlement, dowry (corresp. to b. h. מֹהַר a. later כְּתוּבָּה). [The phonetic coincidence with φερνή gave rise to the forms פרנון, פורנון, a. to combination with פרא, v. פָּרָאפוּרְנוֹן.] Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXXIV, 12 פורן וכתובתא (h. text מהר ומתן).—Y. Keth. VII, 31ᶜ top אתא … תיפוק בפלגית פ׳ (not בלא) the case came before R. J., and he decided, let her be sent away with half her dowry; אין שוטה היא בלא פ׳ תיסוב פ׳ שלים … if she is a faithless wife, let her be sent away without any dowry, and if she is not, let her receive her full dowry!; אייתון פַּרְנָהּ וכ׳ they produced her deed of endowment (K’thubah) and found &c. Ib. VI, beg., 30ᶜ פּוּרְנָהּ, v. מָרַק. Ib. IX, 33ᶜ top אי אבד פרונא וכ׳ (corr. acc.) if the deed of endowment shall ever get lost, you may write another. Gen. R. s. 80 פרנון, v. פָּרָאפוּרְנָא; Yalk. ib. 134 פּוּרְנוֹן. Gen. R. s. 17; Lev. R. s. 34, a. e. פ׳ רב עלי וכ׳ her endowment is too large for me, and I cannot divorce her. Y. Keth. XI, 34ᵇ תבעת פַּרְנָהּ וכ׳ as soon as the widow asks for her dowry, she loses the right of alimentation. Bab. Keth. 67ᵃ (in Hebr. dict.) אשה גובה פ׳ מהם a widow may seize them for her dowry; a. fr.—Trnsf. an endowment, good luck. Ib. 54ᵃ bot. (if outfit articles have become cheaper) פ׳ ליתמי it is the heirs’ good luck (i.e. they furnish the outfit as defined by the deceased, at present prices). ↗ expanded
פְּרַנְגַּן (prob. a geographical term) שיראה פ׳p’rangan (parnigan) silk. Targ. II Esth. V, 1; ib. VI, 10 פרניגן ed. Lag. (oth. ed. פרגינן, corr. acc.). V. next w.↗ expanded
פְּרַנְדָּא (v. preced.) (שירא) שירה פ׳p’randa silk. Sot. 48ᵇ משחרב … בטלה ש׳ פ׳ וכ׳ when the first Temple was destroyed, the use of p. silk and of white glass was suspended. Sabb. 20ᵇ שירא … וש׳ פ׳ לחוד silk is different from p’randa silk. [Sachs, Beitr. II, p. 185 refers to late Greek πράνδιοι (πράνδιον fillet, S.), from which he derives French frange, Engl. fringe.] ↗ expanded
פַּרְנִיקָא (פַּרְנֵק) delicateness. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXVIII, 56 פרינ׳; Y. II פרקינא (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פרנית , Tanḥ. ed. Bub., Ḥuck. 3 התחיל מתפרנית עליה prob. to be read: מַפְרִיז עליהם (v. פָּרַז) he began to raise the price for them (Pesik. R. s. 14 עולה עליהם). ↗ expanded
פַּרְנָךְParnakh, an Amora. Meg. 32ᵃ. Y. Pes. V, 32ᶜ bot.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּרְנֵס (enlargement of פָּרַן) to endow, provide, sustain, cultivate. B. Mets. 69ᵇ אֲפַרְנְסֶנָּה I will improve the field, v. פָּרַן. Ex. R. s. 43, end לך פַּרְנְסָהּ ועשה וכ׳ go and improve it, and make a vineyard of it. Keth. V, 2 נותנין … לפַרְנֵס את עצמה a betrothed maiden is given twelve months time … to make her outfit; כך … לפרנס את עצמו so is the man allowed a certain time to prepare himself. Tosef. B. Mets. VII, 6 פַּרְנֵס לי מלאכה וכ׳ provide work for me on thy own property, or give me my wages &c.; a. fr.—Esp. to provide with the necessaries of life; to support (from the charities). B. Bath. 8ᵃ במה אֲפַרְנֶסְךָ on what claim shall I support thee?; פַּרְנְסֵנִי ככלב וכ׳ support me as you would a dog or a raven. Gitt. 61ᵃ מְפַרְנְסִין עניי נכרים וכ׳ we are bound to support the gentile poor equally with the Jewish poor because of ‘the ways of peace’, v. דֶּרֶךְ; Tosef. ib. V (III), 4; a. v. fr.—B. Bath. 14ᵃ פִּירְנַסְתָּה … צא ופַרְנֵס ארון לרחבו thou hast made provision (explained how) to fill up the Ark in its length, go and fill it in its width. Hithpa. הִתְפַּרְנֵסto be provided for, be supported; to support one’s self. Kidd. IV, 14 והן מִתְפַּרְנְסִין שלא בצער and they (beasts and birds) are provided for without any trouble of their own; אינו דין שאֶתְפַּרְנֵס וכ׳ might it not be a proper inference that I (a human being) ought to be sustained without trouble? Keth. 67ᵇ אין לו ואינו רוצה להִתְפּרְנֵס וכ׳ if a person has no means and refuses to be supported (from the charities). Ib. יש לו ואינו ואינו רוצה להתפרנס if a person has means but refuses to supply himself with the necessaries of life (preferring to starve himself). Ber. 28ᵃ אי אתה יודע … מִתְפַּרְנְסִים וכ׳ thou knowest nothing of the trouble of the scholars,—how they support themselves and what they live on. Keth. 68ᵃ הבנות ניזונות וּמִתְפַּרְנְסוֹת וכ׳ daughters must be fed and provided for (clothed) from their father’s estate. Ber. 3ᵇ לכו והִתְפַּרְנְסוּ זה מזה go and support yourselves by dealing with one another; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּרְנֵס Targ. Ez. XXXIV, 8. Targ. Is. LVIII, 7; a. fr.—Num. R. s. 9 ומְפַרְנֵס, v. זוּן I ch. Lev. R. s. 34 והוה מפרנס וכ׳ (v. זוּן I ch.); a. e. Ithpa. אִתְפַּרְנֵס as preced.Hithpa. Targ. Y. Lev. XXV, 35, sq. Targ. Lam. V, 6; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּרְנָס (preced.) manager, administrator, leader of a community, chief. Snh. 92ᵃ, v. נָהַג. Ber. 28ᵃ אוי לו לדור שאתה פַּרְנָסוֹ woe to the generation whose leader thou art! Arakh. 17ᵃ פ׳ לפי דורו as the generation, so the leader. Yoma 22ᵇ אין מעמידין פ׳ וכ׳ we should appoint chief of a congregation only one behind whom hangs a mass of reptiles (to whose ancestry some blemish is attached), so that, when he becomes overbearing, we can say to him, turn behind thee; a. v. fr.—Pl. פַּרְנָסִים, פַּרְנָסִין. Ib. 86ᵇ שני פ׳ פובים עמדו וכ׳ two good leaders have arisen for Israel, Moses and David. Y. Peah VIII, 21ᵃ top אין מעמידין פ׳ מחות משלשה we must never appoint less than three managers (of charities). Ib. אין מעמידין שני אחין פ׳ two brothers must not be appointed managers of charity. Gitt. 60ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּרְנָס ² Targ. Ez. XXXIV, 5 (h. text רעה). Targ. Is. XXII, 15 (h. text סכן); a. fr.—Y. Peah VIII, 21ᵃ ר"ע בעון ממניתיה פ׳ וכ׳ when they wanted to appoint R. A. a manager &c. Arakh. 17ᵃ אי מעלי דרא מעלי פ׳ if the generation is good, the leader is good; a. fr.—Pl. פַּרְנָסִין, פַּרְנָסַיָּא. Targ. Zech. XI, 7, sq. Targ. Ez. XXXIV, 7, sq.; a. fr.—Y. Peah l. c. בעא מוקמה לון פ׳ וכ׳ wanted to appoint managers for them, but none would accept; Y. Shek. V, 48ᵈ bot. Ib. 49ᵃ bot.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּרְנָסָא 2 (preced.) management, administration. Targ. O. Gen. XV, 2 בר פ׳ manager (h. text בן משק); Y. ib. בר פַּרְנָסַת ביתי. V. פַּרְנָסוּתָא. ↗ expanded
פַּרְנָסָה (preced. wds.) provision, maintenance, outfit. Peah VIII, 7 פַּרְנָסַת לינה the necessary arrangement for a night’s lodging (for the poor), expl. Sabb. 118ᵃ, v. פּוּרְיָא II ch.; B. Bath. 9ᵃ; Tosef. Peah IV, 8. Keth. 50ᵇ (ref. to זן ib.) פ׳ הויא וכ׳ does this mean (bridal) outfit … or sustenance proper? Ib. התם לפ׳ הואי there it was about the outfit. Ib. 68ᵃ, a. e. לפ׳ שמון באב as to the amount for which the heirs are to be assessed for a daughter’s outfit, we are guided by the disposition of her deceased father. Ib. (ref. to מתפרנסות, ib.) מאי לאו פרנסת הבעל does it not mean the outfit for the husband (dower)? לא בפרנסת עצמה no, it refers to her own support. Ib.ᵇ איבדו מזונותיהן ולא איבדו פַרְנָסָתָן they have lost their claim on alimentation (from the estate), but not their claim on an outfit. Ber. 3ᵇ עמך ישראל צריכין פ׳ Israel, thy people, need a living. Taan. 9ᵃ מטר … פ׳ בשביל רבים rain is granted for the sake of an individual, support (prosperity) for the sake of the many (in public prayers). Gen. R. s. 20; Midr. Till. to Ps. CVI, beg., v. פֶּלֶא. Taan. 19ᵇ עבד שנתן לו רבו פַּרְנָסָתוֹ באחד וכ׳ a slave to whom his master gives his fare (for the week) on the first day of the week; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּרְנֵק (Parel of פָּנַק) to delight; to treat with dainties. Hithpa. הִתְפַּרְנֵקto enjoy dainties. Cant. R. to VII, 2 מִתְפַּרְנְקִין, v. חָטָא I. ↗ expanded
פַּרְנֵק Targ. Ps. XCIV, 19 יְפַרְנְקוּן ed. Lag. (ed. יפרקנ׳, יפריקנ׳, corr. acc.).—Part. pass. מְפַרְנַק; f. מְפַרְנְקָא, q. v. Ithpa. אִתְפַּרְנֵקto be delighted, enjoy. Ib. CXIX, 16. Targ. Job XXII, 26. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXIII, 19; a. e. ↗ expanded
פָּרַס 1 (b. h.) to split, break, esp. (v. בָּצַע) to break bread and say grace. R. Hash. 29ᵇ לא יִפְרוֹס אדם פרוסה וכ׳ a person should not break bread and say grace for his guests, unless he dines with them אבל פּוֹרֵס הוא לבניו וכ׳ but he may do so for his children and his household in order to train them in religious practice. Pes. 37ᵃ; Men. 78ᵇ (expl. מצה הינא) כל שפּוֹרְסָהּ ואין וכ׳ when he breaks it apart, and no cords (of unbaked dough) can be drawn out of it; a. e.—Part. pass. פָּרוּס; f. פְּרוּסָה; pl. פְּרוּסִים, פְּרוּסִין; פְּרוּסוֹת. Lev. R. s. 34 (ref. to פָּרֹס, Is. LVIII, 7) הלא תִפְרוֹשׂ … פָרוּס כבר היא פ׳ וכ׳ it does not read, ‘behold, thou shalt break’, but, ‘behold broken’; it (thy bread) is broken for thee, for from the beginning of the year it is decreed &c. Y. Dem. I, 21ᵈ bot. בפ׳ when it is a broken piece of an eatable, opp. שלם. Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵇ bot. פ׳ של חטים (sub. פת) a broken loaf of wheat bread; a. fr.—V. פְּרוּס, פְּרוּסָה. (cmp. פָּרַץ) to break through; part. pass. as ab. open, plain. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. V, 4, v. סַוָּאר. to spread. Meg. III, 3 (28ᵃ) ואין פּוֹרְשִׂין לתוכו מצודות nor dare you spread traps leading into it (the synagogue in ruins). Yoma III, 4 פָּרְסוּ סדין וכ׳ (Y. ed. פָּרְשׂוּ), v. סָדִין. Num. R. s. 11 הכהנים פּוֹרְשִׂים את כפיהם the priests spread their hands (when blessing). Ex. R. s. 42 אחז … ופ׳ הקב"ה וכ׳ he (Moses) took hold of the divine throne, and the Lord spread his cloak over him. Ib. (ref. to פּ֗רׄשׄזׄ, Job XXVI, 9) פׄ' רׄחום שׄדי זׄיו וכ׳ the Merciful Almighty spread the splendor of his cloud over him; ib. s. 41 פ׳ והגין עליו הקב"ה the Lord spread (his cloak) over him and protected him; a. fr.—Deut. R. s. 5 היה פוֹרֵשׂ דיאטגמא וכ׳ (not דאטגמא) he spread (published) a decree wherever he conquered &c.—Part. pass. as ab. Ab. III, 16, v. מְצוּדָה; a. e.—פ׳ על שמע (interch. with פ׳ את שמע) to spread a cloak over the head for the recitation of the prayers preceding the Shmʿa (Ḳaddish and Bar’khu), esp. to recite the prayers &c. for the benefit of those who have come too late for the regular service (cmp. Ber. 51ᵃ פריס סודרא, quot. in next w.). Meg. IV, 3 (23ᵇ) אין פורסין על שמע וכ׳ (Mish. ed. את; Mish. Pes. פורשין, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 90) the prayers for the Shmʿa are not read aloud … with less than two persons; [Rashi: to divide the Sh’ma (v. supra), i.e. to read parts of the prayers preceding the Shmʿa;] Y. ib. IV, 75ᵃ bot. פורסין את שמע. Ib. IV, 5 המפטיר … פורס וכ׳, v. פָּטַר. Ib. 6. Lev. R. s. 23 א"ל פְּרוֹס על שמע פ׳ they said to him, recite the prayers for the Shmʿa; he did; Cant. R. to II, 2 (mixed dict.) פְּרוֹס לן את שמע פרוס לון (read: פָּרֵיס); a. fr. Nif. נִפְרַס,Nithpa. נִתְפָּרֵסto be divided, broken. T’bul Yom III, 1, v. עָרָה II. B. Mets. VII, 7 נִתְפָּרְסוּ עיגוליו if his fig cakes were broken; a. e. Hif. הִפְרִיסto assign, give a share, a present. Gen. R. s. 74 end ולא היו מַפְרִיסִים וכ׳ Ar. (ed. מפרינים) they endowed only with their mouth, v. פָּרַן. Yalk. ib. 22 מַפְרִיס והולך, v. פְּרָת. (denom. of פַּרְסָה) to part the foot, to have a parted hoof. Sifra Sh’mini, ch. V, Par. 4 משוסע, חזיר מפריס the swine parts its foot and is cloven-footed. Ḥull. 59ᵃ אין לך דבר שמפריס פרסה וכ׳ there is no animal that parts its foot and yet is unclean, except swine; a. e.—Ib. 51ᵇ ה׳ ע"ג קרקע the animal, after its fall, in attempting to rise made an impression of its parted feet on the ground (an evidence of its spine’s being unaffected).—Trnsf. to show the cloven foot (like swine, as if saying, ‘I am clean’, v. Lev. R. s. 13, end), to pretend piety. Gen. R. s. 22 יצא כמפריס וכמרמה וכ׳ (some ed. מפרים, corr. acc.) he went forth like a hypocrite and as one deceiving his Creator; (Yalk. ib. 38; Lev. R. s. 10 כמַעֲרִים, v. עָרַם II). Pi. פֵּירֵס, פֵּירֵשׂto spread. Bekh. 44ᵃ (ref. to Ex. XL, 19) רבינו פֵּירְשׂוֹ Moses our teacher spread it (hence he must have been ten cubits high); Sabb. 92ᵃ פרשו; Yalk. Ex. 372; a. e. to put a wrap on, only in פֵּירְסָה נדהshe became menstruous. Keth. 2ᵃ. Gen. R. s. 48; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּרַס 1to split, divide, break; esp. to break bread and say grace. Targ. II Kings IV, 39 (h. text פלח). Targ. I Sam. IX, 13 פריס על מזונא ed. Lag. (oth. ed. פ׳ מזונא; Ar. יַפְרִיס נכסתאAf.).—Yalk. Prov. 947 פָּרֵיס מנחם ויהיב לאבל the comforter breaks the bread and gives it to the mourner (ref. to Lam. I, 17). Snh. 49ᵃ bot. פריס להו he divided with them, v. מוֹנִינֵי. B. Mets. 40ᵃ פריס ר׳ י׳ שיתא וכ׳ R. J. sold at the rate of six kuzé for &c.; a. e.—Part. pass. פָּרִיס; f. פְּרִיסָא. Pes. 37ᵇ והכא כמאן דפ׳ דמיא and here it has the appearance of being broken; Men. 78ᵇ (not דמי). Bekh. 40ᵃ דשפיד ופריס (ed. ופרוס, Hebr. form) when the mouth is pointed and (the lip) parted (like that of swine); a. e. to divide, arrange; (= h. העריך, סדר) to arbitrate, value. Targ. O. Lev. XXVII, 8; a. fr.—Denom. פּוּרְסָא, פּוֹרָסָא, פּוּרְסָנָא. to distribute, spread; to publish. Targ. Job XXXVI, 30. Targ. II Sam. XVII, 19 ופַרְסַת (not ופֵ׳). Targ. Prov. XXIX, 5; a. fr.—Part. pass. פָּרִיס; f. פְּרִיסָא; pl. פְּרִיסִין; פְּרִיסַן. Targ. Ex. XXV, 20 (Bxt. פָּרְסִין); a. fr.—Targ. II Esth. IV, 8 פָּרִיס published.—Ber. 55ᵇ בעידנא דפַרְסֵי וכ׳ when they (the priests) spread their hands (to bless). Y. Sabb. XX, beg. 17ᶜ הוון פָּרְסִין קילעיה וכ׳ they spread the curtains on the day before up to four cubits, and the next day they spread them entirely. Ber. 51ᵃ (expl. עיטוף) ר׳ אסי פָרֵיס סודרא וכ׳ R. A. used to spread a cloth over his head (before taking up the cup of benediction). Sabb. 48ᵃ. Y. ib. XVII, end, 15ᵈ, v. גְּדִישָׁא; a. fr. Pa. פָּרֵיסto spread. Targ. Lam. I, 17; a. e. (Pali) פַּרְסִי (v. P. Sm. 3276) to publish, divulge. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXXVIII, 25 מפרסיא (Y. I מפרסמא). Af. אַפְרֵסto distribute, arrange. Targ. I Sam. IX, 13 Ar. (v. supra). to spread forth. Targ. Is. XXV, 11. (v. preced.Hif.) to set the foot. Targ. II Esth. I, 2. Ithpa. אִתְפָּרַסto be spread, published. Ib. III, 15; VIII, 13, sq. אתפרסת Ar. s. v. דיטגמא (ed. אתפרסמת).—Lam. R. to II, 2 ולא תִתְפַּרְסִין וכ׳ (fr. פַּרְסִי) rather than that the secrets of the government be divulged. ↗ expanded
פָּרַס 2 (b. h.) pr. n. Persia. Esth. R. to I, 3 כשהמלכות במדי פ׳ טפילה לה כשהמלכות בפ׳ וכ׳ when the government is in Media, Persia is named as an attachment to it, and when the government is in Persia, Media is &c. Ib. למה קרין אותה פ׳ וכ׳ why is it called Paras?, v. פְּרוּסָה; a. fr.—[Deut. R. s. 10, a. e. פ׳, a censorial change, for רומי.].—Targ. II Chr. XXXVI, 20; 22; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרָס (פָּרַס) part, half, v. פְּרוּס. a piece, esp. a certain quantity of bread. Neg. XIII, 9 כדי אכילת פ׳ פת חטין וכ׳ as much time as is required for eating a piece, that is, a piece of wheat bread &c. Ib. 10. Tosef. ib. VII, 10 וכמה הוא פ׳ חצי וכ׳ and how much is a p’ras? Half a loaf, of which three make a Kab; Tosef. Mikv. VII (VIII), 6; Erub. 83ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. פְּרָסִים; Du.פְּרָסַיִים. Y. Sabb. I, 2ᵇ bot. אכילת פ׳ eating two p’rasim (with interruption); ib. כמה זתים בכמה פ׳ several olive sizes of eatables eaten within a time required for eating several pieces; Y. Hor. III, 47ᵇ bot.—Trnsf. the fare received by members of a household, or by slaves. Erub. 72ᵇ במקבלי פ׳ שנו the Mishnah speaking of brothers eating at their father’s table means those receiving, each his separate fare, at the hands of their father. Ib. 73ᵃ מי שיש לו … מקבלות פ׳ וכ׳ if a man has five wives (occupying separate dwellings in one court) receiving their fare at the hands of their husband, and five slaves receiving &c. Y. Taan. I, beg. 63ᶜ הוא תובע פְּרָסוֹ ממנו he (the slave) begs him for his fare; (ib. פרנסתו). Ib. סמוך לפרסו near the period when his fare is due. Ab. I, 3, v. עֶבֶד; a. fr. P’ras, half a Maneh (מָנֶה). Eduy. III, 3 מנה ופ׳ each weighing one Maneh and a half. Peah VIII, 5; a. fr.—מנה בן פ׳, v. מָנֶה. P’ras, half the length of a furrow (v. infra); בית (ה)פ׳ an area of a square P’ras, esp. a field, of a square P’ras, declared unclean on account of crushed bones carried over it from a ploughed grave. M. Kat. 5ᵇ החורש את הקבר הרי הוא עושה בית פ׳ וכמה הוא עושה חצי מענה וכ׳ Ms. M. a. Rashi (ed. מלא מענה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he who ploughs over a grave, makes a beth-p’ras (an unclean field), and how much of it does he make unclean? Half the length of a furrow of one hundred cubits; Ohol. XVII, 1 החורש … עושה בית פ׳ … מאה אמה בית ארבעה סאים he who ploughs &c.; how far does he make it unclean? (Half) the size of a furrow of a hundred cubits (in all directions), which is a square of the capacity of four S’ahs of seed; Nidd. 57ᵃ; Tosef. Ohol. XVII, 1. Ohol. XVII, 2 בית פ׳ עושה בית פ׳ an unclean field may create another unclean field (if the plough passes over and beyond it). Tosef. ib. XVII, 4 אבל עולה הוא כמדת הפ׳ (read: במדת; R. S. to Ohol. XVII, 3 כמדת בית הפ׳) but it is counted in so as to complete the measure of a beth-p’ras; a. fr.—Pl. בית פְּרָסוֹת. Ohol. XVIII, 2 (M. Kat. 5ᵇ בית פרס). [Maim. explains בית הפ׳, by ref. to פָּרַסto extend, the area of extension; Rashi, by ref. to פָּרַסto break, an area of bone splinters.] ↗ expanded
פְּרַס 2 as preced. 2, the slave’s or serf’s fare. Targ. II Sam. VIII, 2; 6 עבדין נטלי פ׳ serfs working for their fare (h. text נושאי מנחה); Targ. I Chr. XVIII, 2 נטלי פ׳ מקרבי דורון; ib. 6 נטלי פ׳ מסקי מסין (combining two interpretations). ↗ expanded
פָּרָס (פָּרַס) curtain, canopy, baldachin. Num. R. s. 10 כמין פ׳ שטחה לו וכ׳ she (Pharaoh’s daughter) spread over him (Solomon) a sort of baldachin in which were fixed precious stones &c.—Pl. פָּרָסִין. Y’lamd. to Num. XV, 37 quot. in Ar., v. קִיטָּי. net. Tosef. Bets. III, 1 (ה)מעלה את פְּרָסוֹ וכ׳ (Var. כל שפרסוהו) if one puts up his net on the eve of the Holy Day, and, coming in on the Holy Day, finds it disturbed. ↗ expanded
פְּרָסָא , curtain, cover. Targ. II Sam. XVII, 19 (h. text מסך). Targ. Num. III, 25, sq.; a. fr.—Ḥull. 8ᵇ, v. בְּלִיתָא. Meg. 26ᵇ האי פְּרִיסָא וכ׳ (Rashi פרסא) to make of an old curtain (covering the ark which contains the Torah scrolls) a cover for books; a. e.—Pl. פְּרָסֵי. Succ. 20ᵇ חזו לפ׳ ונפוותא are fit for covers and sieves (Ar.: for sifting nets and sieves). ↗ expanded
פַּרְסָא = h. פַּרְסָה I, Persian mile.—Pl. פַּרְסִין, פַּרְסֵי. Targ. Is. X, 32. Targ. Y. Num. XXI, 35; a. e.—Ḥull. 59ᵇ. Pes. 94ᵃ; a. e. Persian. B. Kam. 55ᵃ גמלא פ׳ (Mss. H. a. R. פרסאה) a Persian camel, contrad. to an Arabian camel. Kidd. 72ᵃ, v. נוּד ch. ↗ expanded
פַּרְסָה 1Persian mile (parasang). B. Kam. 82ᵇ; Y. Taan. IV, 68ᶜ; a. fr.—Pl. פַּרְסָאוֹת. Pes. 93ᵇ, sq.; a. e.—[Shebi. V, 1, a. e., v. פַּרְסִי.] ↗ expanded
פַּרְסָה 2split hoof; foot; toes (v. אִסְפֶּירֶס). Ḥull. 59ᵃ, v. פָּרַס I. Ib. 68ᵇ (ref. to בבהמה ‘in the animal, Lev. XI, 3) פ׳ הֶחֱזִיר וכ׳ if the embryo, having put forth its feet, withdrew one foot, you may eat it (when the mother is ritually slaughtered); if it withdraws ‘feet’, you may eat it; a. fr.—Mikv. V, 6 פַּרְסַת החמור וכ׳ the water gathered in the depression created by asses marching in the valley; (Tosef. ib. V, 1 פַּרְסוֹת רגלי בהמה).—Pl. פְּרָסוֹת. Ḥull. l. c. Ib. 59ᵃ פַּרְסוֹתֶיהָ חתוכות its hoofs were cut off. Sifré Deut. 2 אילו זכו … שעלו פַרְסוֹת רגליהם וכ׳ if the Israelites had been good, they would have entered Palestine as soon as their feet had come up from the sea; a. fr.—בית הפ׳ the legs. Ḥull. 55ᵇ; Y. Pes. VII, 35ᵃ bot.; (Ḥull. IX, 2 הפ׳ only). ↗ expanded
*פַּרְסוֹף 1 (a corrupt. of præpositus, cmp. our provost and German Profoss) executive officer, executioner. Y’lamd, to Gen. XXXVIII, 1 quot. in Ar. בלשי מסר לפ׳, v. בַּלְשִׁי. ↗ expanded
פַּרְסִי ²Persian. Esth. R. to I, 22 פ׳ נושא … מדברת בלשון פ׳ when a Persian marries a Median woman, she must speak Persian. Ib. to I, 11 לא מדית ולא פ׳ אלא כשדית is neither a Median nor a Persian woman, but a Chaldean; a. e.—Pl. פַּרְסִים, פַּרְסִיִּים, פַּרְסִיִּין, פַּרְסִיּוֹת. Kidd. 72ᵃ. Ber. 8ᵇ בשלשה … אני אוהב את הפ׳ for the sake of three things I love the Persians. Esth. R. l. c.; a. e.—Shebi. V, 1 הפַּרְסָיוֹת Ms. M. (ed. הפַּרְסָאוֹת) Persian figs (or dates); Sifra B’har, Par. 1, ch. I; Tosef. Shebi. IV, 1 הפרסאות. ↗ expanded
פַּרְסָי [Targ. II Esth. I, 8 פרסאה, read: פַּרְסָאֵי].—Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵇ bot. חד פרסי ed. Lehm. (oth. ed. פרסוי, read פרסיי) a Persian Jew. B. Kam. 59ᵃ דקלא פ׳, v. דִּקְלָא. Shebu. 34ᵇ ההוא דינא פ׳ הוא that is Persian law (arbitrariness); B. Kam. 58ᵇ דינא דפרסאה (Ms. R. דינא פרסאה; Rashi דינא דפַרְסָאֵי); a. e.—Pl. (פַּרְסֵי) פַּרְסָאֵי. Targ. II Esth. l. c. Targ. Esth. I, 14; a. e.—Ab. Zar. 24ᵇ כמאן קרו פ׳ לספרא דביר by what authority do the Persian Jews call a book d’bir? Ib. v. דִּיסְתָּנָא II. Yoma 77ᵃ, v. אִיסְרָא II; Yalk. Ez. 347. Ib. בשני דפ׳ (Yoma l. c. במלכותא דפרס, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 3) during the years of the Persian rule; a. e.—Fem.פַּרְסָאִיתָא. Targ. II Esth. I, 16.—Pl. פַּרְסְיָאתָא, פַּרְסְיָיתָא. Ib. 12.—Ber. 44ᵇ, v. אוּפֵי. Sabb. 143ᵃ ודפרסייתא Rashi (ed. ודפַרְסְיָתָא) and the stones of Persian dates. ↗ expanded
פִּרְסֵם (enlargement of פָּרַס) to spread, divulge, publish; to uncover, expose. Yoma 86ᵇ מְפַרְסְמִין, v. חָנֵף. Sot. 9ᵃ היא עשתה … פִּירְסְמָהּ בגלוי she acted in secret, the Lord exposes her in public. Y. Meg. I, 70ᵇ top רבי היה מְפַרְסֵם עצמו וכ׳ Rabbi used to make himself conspicuous (act ostentatiously) on two days in the year (as a protest against certain ritual restrictions). Num. R. s. 21 כשם שהקב"ה … לפַרְסְמָן וכ׳ as the Lord busies himself with the praise of the righteous in order to make them known in the world, so &c. Ib. פנחס פִּירְסְמוֹ לשבח וכ׳ he published Phineas for praise, and Zimri for blame. Ib. ופי׳ את בתו בקלון and exposed his daughter for prostitution. Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 16 מה כלה … ואינה מְפַרְסֶמֶת עצמה וכ׳ as the bride is retired in her father’s house and does not unveil herself (show herself in public) until she is about to enter the bridal chamber …: so must a scholar be retired, and be revealed (renowned) by his good deeds; Ex. R. s. 41; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְפוּרְסָם; f. מְפוּרְסֶמֶת; pl. מְפוּרְסָמִים, מְפוּרְסָמִין; מְפוּרְסָמוֹת. Ib. Lev. R. s. 32 בזמן שאינו מפ׳ when he is not generally known (as a bastard). Yalk. Ex. 391 מפ׳ במעשיו … שהיא מפ׳ well-known by his deeds, as the bride is unveiled (on her wedding day), v. supra; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 36 יצא חם … וכלב מפ׳ בתשמישו Ham came out of the ark black, and the dog disgraced by the mean way of his copulation; Y. Taan. I, end, 64ᵈ מְפוּרְצָם (Snh. 108ᵇ כלב נקשר). Hithpa. הִתְפַּרְסֵם,Nithpa. נִתְפַּרְסֵםto be published, made known, exposed. Lev. R. l. c. (ref. to Lev. VI, 18) במקום … כדי שלא יִתְפַּרְסְמוּ החטאים ‘in the place where the burnt offering is killed shall the sin offering be killed’, … in order that the sinners be not exposed to shame. Ib. אבל אם נ׳ but if he is known (as a bastard); a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּרְסֵם Targ. II Esth. I, 12 לא תְפַרְסְמִי וכ׳ do not defame thy name &c. Targ. Y. Num. XVI, 26. Targ. Y. Ex. XXVIII, 30. Targ. II Chr. VI, 30 (differ. in I Kings VIII, 39); a. fr.—Part. pass. מְפַרְסַם; f. מְפַרְסְמָא; pl. מְפַרְסְמָן. Targ. Y. I Gen. XXXVIII, 25 (v. פְּרַס I). Targ. Job. XXVI, 6 (h. text ערום). Targ. Cant. II, 17 מפרסמן uncovered (unprotected); a. e.—Y. Snh. VII, end, 25ᵈ אנא מְפַרְסֵם ליך I shall expose (denounce) thee. Pes. 112ᵃ פַּרְסוּמֵי ניסא to make public the wonderful event (by a symbolical act); Sabb. 24ᵃ; a. fr. Ithpa. אִתְפַּרְסֵם, אִתְפַּרְסֵים, , אִיפַּ׳to be spread, revealed, exposed. Targ. Y. Ex. II, 14. Targ. Y. Num. XXII, 41 (v. Targ. Cant. l. c.). Targ. Koh. XII, 13. Targ. II Esth. III, 15; VIII, 14 (v. פְּרַס I); a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּרְסֵק (Περσικόν, sub. μῆλον) peach; peach tree. Gen. R. s. 42 תפוח ופ׳ apple and peach trees; Yalk. ib. 72. B. Mets. 116ᵇ דלית שע"ג פ׳ זה וכ׳ I sell thee a grape vine overhanging this peach tree; Y. ib. X, 12ᶜ פַּרְסֵיקוֹ, v. דָּלִית. Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ bot. גוי … ע"ג פ׳ a gentile who engrafted a shoot of a nut tree on a peach tree; a. e.—Pl. פַּרְסְקִים, פַּרְסְקִין. Kil. I, 4 הפ׳ והשקדין וכ׳ (Bab. ed. השק׳; Ms. M. האפרסקין) peaches (and) almonds … although resembling one another are heterogeneous. Maasr. I, 2 Y. ed. (Bab. a. Mish. ed. האפ׳). Y. Peah VII, 20ᵃ bot. (v. פַּנְקְרִיסִין); a. e.—[Tosef. Maasr. I, 1 הפרסקין, read: הפִּיסְטְקִין.] ↗ expanded
פִּרְסְקָא f. ch. same. Y. Peah VII, 20ᵃ bot. אפיק לון אריסא חדא פ׳ וכ׳ the tenant brought out one peach for them of which they and the drivers ate &c.; (Keth. 112ᵃ אַפַּרְסְקָא דהוה כאילפס וכ׳ a peach as large as a pot &c.); a. e.—Pl. פִּרְסְקַיָּא, פִּרְסִיקַ׳, פִּירְ׳. Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ bot. מה נפיק מינהון קדריה פִּרְסְקַיָּה (R. S. to Kil. I, 4 קירדו פרסיקיא read קרְוַיָּה or קַרְוֵי) what comes out of them (nut engrafted on peach)? (Κάρυα περσικά) Persian walnuts (also called basilicæ nuces, v. פְּסַלְקָאוֹת).—[Ḥull. 141ᵇ פרסקי, v. next w.] ↗ expanded
פָּרַע (b. h; cmp. פרם, פרס) to tear, destroy; to loosen, disarrange; to neglect the hair. Pesik. R. s. 29-30-30 (ed. Fr. p. 139ᵇ), v. רָפָא. Sot. III, 8 האיש פּוֹרַעַ … פּוֹרַעַת Sifra Emor, ch. I, Par. 2 כדרך שבני אדם פּוֹרְעִים וכ׳ in the same way that ordinary men (in mourning) neglect their hair and tear their garments; a. fr. to uncover. Ib. (ref. to Lev. XXI, 10) [read:] אילו אמר ראש לא יפרע ובגד לא יפרוס יכול לא יִפְרַע ולא יפרום של סוטה ת"ל ראשו if the text read, the head … and the garment …, I might have thought it meant, he shall not uncover the head &c., in the sense in which parʿa is used in connection with the faithless wife (Num. V, 18); v. Hor. 12ᵇ. Pesik. Shor, p. 77ᵃ פּוֹרְעִין את ראשיהם וכ׳ they uncovered their heads (when the royal proclamation was read, v. פְּרוֹסְטַגְמָא); Lev. R. s. 27 ופָרְעוּ את וכ׳. Ib. לא הטרחתי … ולא פורעין וכ׳ I have not put you to trouble, I have not ordered you to read the Sh’mʿa standing on your feet and uncovering your heads, but ‘when thou sittest &c.’ (Deut. VI, 7). Ḥull. 91ᵃ פְּרַע להן בית השחיטה uncover the place of cutting for them (show them that the animal has been cut according to the ritual); a. e.—Part. pass. פָּרוּעַ; f. פְּרוּעָה; pl. פְּרוּעִים, פְּרוּעִין; פְּרוּעוֹת. Cant. R. to VIII, 4 (ref. to פָּרֻעַ, Ex. XXXII, 25) אין פ׳ אלא נקובparuʿa means hollowed (made void); Num. R. s. 7 אין פ׳ אלא לשון צרוע paruʿa is a figurative expression for leprous (v. Lev. XIII, 45). Ib. פְּרוּעַ ראש, פְּרוּעֵי ראש bareheaded. Num. R. s. 19 ונראו כאשה פ׳ and they appeared like a woman with uncovered head; a. fr.—Trnsf. to uncover one’s self for a human need. Yoma 77ᵃ (ref. to Ez. VIII, 16) שהיו פורעין עצמן והיו … כלפי מטה (מטה euphem. for מעלה) they uncovered themselves and committed a nuisance towards heaven; Kidd. 72ᵇ מפְרִיעִין Hif. Gen. R. s. 86 שהיה פורע עצמו לע"ז (Yalk. ib. 145 פוער), v. פּוֹטִינוֹס; a. e. to uncover the corona, to split the membrane and pull it down. Sabb. XIX, 2. Num. R. s. 11; a. fr. [to solve a connection (Lat. solvo; cmp. לָוָה),] a) to pay a debt. B. Bath. 5ᵃ הקובע … פְּרַעְתִּיךָ בתוך זמני וכ׳ if a person fixes a time (in a note) for his neighbor, and the latter says, I have paid thee within the term assigned to me, he is disbelieved (he is not admitted to an oath); ולואי שיפרע בזמנו (for we say,) would that a man paid his debt when it is due! Ib. 6ᵃ כאומר לא פָרַעְתִּי דמי, v. לָוָה; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Keth. 19ᵇ אסור … שטר פ׳ בתוך ביתו a man should not keep a satisfied document of indebtedness in his house. Shebu. VII, 7 ועד אחד מעידה שהיא פ׳ and if there is one witness against her testifying that it (her dowry) has been paid. B. Bath. X, 7; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 78 (play on פׄרׄת עלי עין, Gen. XLIX, 22) עלי לִפְ֗רׄוׄעַ לך מן אותה העין it is for me to pay thee for that eye (for protecting thy mother from Esau’s lustful eye); ib. s. 98 עלי לפרוע לך אותה וכ׳; Yalk. ib. 133 עלי לפרוע אותו עין.—b) פ׳ מןto settle with; to punish. Num. R. s. 11 כשפ׳ הקב"ה … לא פ׳ אלא יחידי when the Lord punished the generation of the flood, he punished singlehanded (not through several angels). B. Mets. IV, 2 מי שפ׳ מאנשי … הוא עתיד להִפָּרַע וכ׳ he who punished the men of the generation of …, will punish him who does not stand by his word (although the court cannot compel him); Tosef. ib. III, 14; B. Mets. 47ᵇ, sq. לִפָּרַע וכ׳. Ex. R. s. 10, beg. Cant. R. to VIII, 14 אין הקב"ה פורע מֵאוּמָּה וכ׳ the Lord punishes no nation here below before degrading its genius above; a. fr. Nif. נִפְרַעto uncover one’s self (for a human need). Ber. 62ᵃ אין נִפְרָעִין מעומד וכ׳ you must not uncover yourself standing, but only after you are seated (Ms. F. יִפָּרַע עד שישב), v. Pi. with מן, to collect payment from; trnsf. to call to account, punish. B. Bath. 5ᵇ, a. e. הבא לִיפָּרַע … לא יִפָּרַע אלא בשבועה he who comes to collect from heirs, cannot collect except on oath. Shebu. l. c. הנִפְרַעַת שלא בפניו לא תִפָּרַע אלא וכ׳ she who claims (her dowry) in the husband’s absence (suing the estate), can get it only on oath; וכן היתומים לא יִפָּרְעוּ וכ׳ and so heirs cannot collect (from heirs) &c. Ber. l. c. כשם שנִפְרָעִין וכ׳, v. סַפְדָּן. B. Mets. l. c., v. supra. Sifra Aḥăré, ch. XII, Par. 9 אני דיין להִיפָּרֵעַ וכ׳ I am the judge (having the power) to punish, and can be relied upon to pay reward; אני הוא שפרעתי … ועתיד לִיפָּרַע וכ׳ I am he that punished …, and that shall punish you &c.; a. fr. Pi. פֵּירַעto disarrange, esp. to mutilate, unman. Sot. 13ᵇ בא … ופֵירְעוֹ Gabriel came and unmanned him (used as play on פטיפׄרׄעׄ); Yalk. Gen. 145 בא … וסרסו ופֵרְעוֹ. to uncover. Y. Ber. IX, 14ᶜ top לא פי׳ עד שישב he did not uncover (himself) &c., v. supra. Midr. Sam. ch. XXXII פֵּירְעָה את עצמה וכ׳ she uncovered herself and sat down &c.—Part. pass. מְפוֹרָע; f. מְפוֹרַעַת. Ib. Ḥull. 30ᵃ, a. e. שחיטה מפ׳ an open (gaping) cut. Hif. הִפְרִיעַto uncover, v. supra. ↗ expanded
פְּרַע 1to disarrange; to tear open, uncover. Targ. Y. Gen. XLIII, 16 (v. Ḥull. 91ᵃ quot. in preced.). Targ. Num. V, 18; a. e.—Part. pass. פְּרִיעַ; pl. פְּרִיעִין, פְּרִיעֵי. Targ. O. Lev. XIII, 45. Targ. Y. Ex. XXXII, 25; a. e., v. פְּרִיעַ I.—Ḥull. 50ᵇ היכא דפַרְעֵי טבחי where the butchers tear open, v. מַפְרַעְתָּא; ib. 76ᵃ היכא דפרעי טבחי the place which the butchers strike when they begin to flay; a. e. to pay, retribute. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXIV, 15. Targ. Prov. VI, 31. Ib. XXII, 27 דתִפְרַע Ms. (ed. דפריע, corr. acc.). Targ. Ps. VII, 5. Ib. 9; a. fr.—Shebu. 41ᵇ כי פְּרַעְתִּין פַּרְעִין לי באפי וכ׳ (Ms. M. כי פַרְעַת לי פַּרְעָן) when you pay it (the money, v. פְּרִיטָא), pay me in the presence of &c.; אזל ופַרְעֵיה באפי תרי וכ׳ he went and paid him in the presence of two outsiders. Ib. כי פרעת לי פּוֹרְעָן לי וכ׳; a. fr. Ithpa. אִתְפָּרַע, אִיפָּרַע,Ithpe. אִתְפְּרַע, אִיפְּרַעto be paid; to be paid back. Targ. Prov. XII, 14; a. e. = preced.Nif., to collect, call to account; to be revenged, take revenge. Ib. XXII, 23. Targ. Jud. XVI, 28. Targ. I Sam. VIII, 20 (h. text ושפט׳). Targ. Jer. II, 9; a. fr.—Sot. 22ᵇ לִיתְפְּרַע, גּוּנְדָּא II.—B. Mets. 16ᵃ זוזי … אִפָּרוּעֵי (Ms. H. אִתְפָּרוּעֵי) all he wants is to collect the money (debt). Yoma 22ᵇ אִפַּרְעוּ מיניה (Tosaf. אִיפָּרוּעֵי אִיפָּרְעֵי) they (in heaven) punished him; ib. אפרעו מגופיה, v. לַאי; Yalk. Sam. 121; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרַע 2 (cmp. פרח) [to break through,] to fly. V. פְּרִיעַ II. Af. אַפְרִיעַto cause to bloom. Targ. Prov. XIV, 11 מפריע ed. Lag. Var. (ed. מפריח). ↗ expanded
פֶּרַעlong, entangled hair. Num. R. s. 11 נוזרים … ומגדלים פ׳ abstain from wine and grow long hair. Sifra Thazr., Par. 5, ch. XII (ref. to פרוע, Lev. XIII, 45) לגדל פ׳ that means, to let the hair grow (as against R. ʿĂḳiba who explains פרועuncovered, v. פָּרַע); a. e. thick growth of bushes. Tosef. Ohol. IX, 3, v. next w.↗ expanded
פְּרָעָה , pl. פְּרָעוֹת(b. h.; = preced., wild irregular growth, esp. the case of protruding boughs on one of which is an uncleanness, v. סְכָכָה. Ohol. VIII, 2 והפ׳, expl. היוצאות מן הגדר which protrude from the hedge; Tosef. ib. IX, 3 פֶּרַע היוצא מן וכ׳; Naz. VII, 3; 54ᵇ. Y. ib. VII, 56ᶜ (homilet.) payment, retribution. Sabb. 119ᵇ (ref. to Jud. V, 2) מ"ט בפרוע פרעות משום דברכו ה׳ why are decreed punishments disarranged (reversed)? Because of ‘praise the Lord’; Yalk. Jud. 46. ↗ expanded
פַּרְעֹה (b. h.) pr. n. m. Pharaoh, the Egyptian king. M. Kat. 18ᵃ פ׳ שהיה בימי משה the Pharaoh of Moses’ time. Ex. R. s. 8 מי גרם לפ׳ שילקה what was the cause of Pharaoh’s being smitten?; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּרַעְתָּא (פְּרַע I) open wound. Ab. Zar. 28ᵃ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; ed. פְּדַעְתָּא). ↗ expanded
פָּרַף (denom. of פורפא πόρπη) to clasp. Part. pass. פָּרוּף; f. פְּרוּפָה; pl. פְּרוּפִים, פְּרוּפִין; פְּרוּפוֹת. Yoma V, 1 החיצונה היתה פ׳ וכ׳ the outer curtain was held back by a clasp on the north side, and the inner curtain on the south side (so as to make room for entering, without exposing to view the Holy of Holies). to fasten a garment over the shoulder by attaching a weight to its overhanging corner. Sabb. VI, 7 פּוֹרֶפֶת על האבן וכ׳ a woman may wear a cloak thrown over her shoulder weighted by a stone or a nut; ובלבד שלא תִפְרוֹף וכ׳ provided she does not attach the weight for the first time on the Sabbath (v. Sabb. 65ᵇ); Tosef. ib. IV (V), 13 פורפת בתחילה בדבר וכ׳ she may attach a weight for the first time using an object which it is permitted to handle on the Sabbath; a. e.—Part. pass. as ab. Sabb. VI, 6 ומדיות (יוצאות) פ׳ Median women may go out on the Sabbath with their cloaks thrown over their shoulders &c. ↗ expanded
פרפונדא , Tosef. B. Mets. VIII, 14 נתנו בפ׳, read: בּפִי פוּנְדָּא, v. פּוּנְדָּא↗ expanded
פִּרְפּוּר (פִּרְפֵּר II) writhing, agony. Lam. R. introd. (R. Ḥănina); Yalk. Jer. 279, v. שַׁוְעָה. ↗ expanded
פַּרְפְּחִינָא (reduplic. of פרח) purslane(h. .—Pl. פַּרְפְּחִינַיָּא, נַיָּה …; פַּרְפְּחִינִין, נֵי … Y. Peah VII, 21ᵃ top; Y. Erub. III, 20ᵈ top. Y. Shebi. IX, beg. 38ᶜ פרפחוניא; Meg. 18ᵃ פרפחיני Mss. O. a. L. פרפחניה; Ms. M. 2 פרפחיניה; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 60); Y. ib. II, beg. 73ᵃ פרחינון (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פרפלי , Sabb. 141ᵃ האי פ׳ Ar., misread for הני פילפלי as in ed. ↗ expanded
פִּרְפֵּרPilp. of פָּרַר) to crush, crumble, pulverize. Tosef. Sabb. XII (XIII), 14 מְפַרְפְּרִין גלוסקין וכ׳ you may crumble a piece of fine bread (into milk &c.) for a sick person &c. Bets. 17ᵇ; Tosef. ib. II, 4 פ׳ ביצה על וכ׳ if one crumbles a hard-boiled egg over fish; Y. ib. II, 61ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּרְפֵּר ² (preced.; cmp. פִּרְכֵּס I a. II) [to grind,] to move convulsively, struggle (in agony). Snh. 37ᵇ והרוג מְפַרְפֵּר and (you saw) the slain struggle; Shebu. 34ᵃ. Yoma 23ᵃ עדיין בני מפרפר my son is still moving (not yet dead; ib.ᵇ קיים); Tosef. ib. I, 12; Y. ib. II, 39ᵈ top; Sifré Num. 161; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּרְפֵּר ² Targ. Y. Gen. XLII, 21 מְפַרְפֵּר קדמנן Ar. a. Levita (h. text בהתחננו, cmp. חָבַט; ed. מפייס לנא).—Cant. R. to III, 4 עבד ומפרפר כל ההוא ליליא (not יומא) he spent the entire night moving about restlessly, v. דַּמְדֵּם. Lam. R. to II, 12 הוה מפרפר ומאית struggled in convulsions and died (from starvation). Y. Shebu. III, 34ᶜ bot. חמתיה מפרפר ויהב ליה he saw him (the starving man) in convulsions, when he gave him to eat. ↗ expanded
פַּרְפַּרְיָין = next w., a dish of bread crumbs and vegetable, mash. Gen. R. s. 17; Lev. R. s. 34; Yalk. ib. 665; Yalk. Is. 352. ↗ expanded
פַּרְפֶּרֶת (פִּרְפֵּר I) [crumbs,] a minor dish, salad, hash &c.; פ׳ שלפני המזוןparpereth before the meal, appetizer; פ׳ שבתוך המזוןp. during the meal, by-meat; פ׳ שלאחר המזוןp. after the meal, dessert. Ber. VI, 5. Y. ib. 10ᵈ top; a. fr.—[Pes. X, 3 עד … לפ׳ הפת (Bart. reads: לפַרְפֵּר את הפת) until he gets to the breaking of the bread (distribution of the Matsah); oth. opin.: to the by-meat of the bread (to the bitter herbs)].—Pl. פַּרְפְּרָאוֹת, פַּרְפָּרוֹת. Tosef. ib. IV, 8 הבא אחר שלש פ׳ וכ׳ a guest that arrives after the three parpereths has no right to enter. Succ. 27ᵃ בכל יום … ממשיך כמה פ׳ on any other day thou insertest many an appetizing dish in order to prolong thy meal, and now wouldst thou not add one for the honor of thy Maker? Sabb. XXIII, 2 מונה … ואת פַּרְפְּרוֹתָיו מפיו וכ׳ a man may count (on the Sabbath) his guests and his dishes verbally (from memory) but not from writing.—Trnsf. auxiliaries. Ab. III, 18 תקופות וגימטריאות פ׳ לחכמה (Ar. פַּרְפְּרָיוֹת, ed. Koh. פרפרא׳) astronomy and arithmetic are the auxiliaries of philosophy. [Mus.: פְּרִיפְרִיּוֹת (περιφερεία) perifery.] ↗ expanded
פָּרַץ (b. h.) to break through, make a breach, invade. Pes. 56ᵃ פּוֹרְצִין פרצות וכ׳ made breaches in the fences of their gardens &c.; (Tosef. ib. II (III), 21 פותחין גינותיהם וכ׳); Men. 71ᵃ. Ber. 63ᵃ כבר גדרת … יכול לִפְרוֹץ having once fenced in, thou canst not tear down, i.e. having once approved, you cannot now find fault. Y. Snh. I, 19ᶜ top, v. פּוּץ. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to Gen. XXXVIII, 29) כל הפּוֹרְצִים ממך וכ׳ all conquerors shall rise from thee (Judah). Yalk. Mic. 551 פָּרַצְתִּי גדרו של עולם מפני יעקב I broke down the fence of the world (reversed the natural order of things) for the sake of Jacob (making his cattle extremely fecund); ולע"ל אני פורץ אותו לבניו and in the days to come I shall do so to his children. B. Kam. 60ᵇ מלך פּוֹרֵץ … דרך the king may break through fences to pave a way for his army. Koh. R. to IX, 11 (ref. to Job I, 10) פ׳ גדרו של עולם וכ׳ his cattle reversed the order of things &c. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵃ top לא פָרַצְתָּ גדירן וכ׳ thou hast not torn down the fence of the scholars (not transgressed their law); Gen. R. s. 79, v. גָּדֵיר. Lev. R. s. 26, v. גֶּדֶר I; a. fr.—Part. pass. פָּרוּץ; f. פְּרוּצָה; pl. פְּרוּצִים, פְּרוּצִין; פְּרוּצוֹת. Kil. IV, 4 העומד מרובה על הפ׳ the unimpaired portion of the fence is larger than the ruined part, v. עָמַד II. Y. Sabb. X, 12ᶜ top קופה פ׳ a bin which has been broken into (some of the contents of which has been taken); a. fr.—[Peah VII, 1 בצד הפרוצה Y. ed., v. פִּרְצָה.] (sub. גדר) to be lawless, unrestrained, dissolute. Y. Keth. I, 25ᵃ bot. שלא יִפְרְצוּ … בזימה in order that the daughters of Israel be not made heedless of chaste conduct (v. infra); a. e.—Part. pass. as ab. dissolute, bold. Ib. מפני פ׳ אחד because there might be one dissolute man (who may go to the expense of marriage for the sake of his gratification, with the intention of charging his bride with faithlessness afterwards). Cant. R. to IV, 12 לא נמצא בהן אחד פ׳ בעיוה not one of them was of immoral conduct; Lev. R. s. 32 פְּרוּץ ערוה. Gitt. 46ᵃ שלא יהו בנות … פ׳ וכ׳ that the daughters of Israel may not be loose in moral conduct or in vows (v. supra). Gen. R. s. 70 (ref. to Gen. XXIX, 21) אפי׳ אדם פ׳ אינו וכ׳ even the most shameless man would not use such language. Sot. 7ᵃ אבל פ׳ but if they are known to be of dissolute habits, opp. כשרין. Keth. 2ᵇ, sq. משום פ׳ on account of loose women, opp. צנועות; a. fr. to spread, increase. Sabb. 13ᵃ; Tosef. ib. I, 14 עד היכן פָּרְצָה טהרה וכ׳ how far the observance of levitical cleanness has spread in Israel!; a. e. Nif. נִפְרָץto be broken through, torn down. Tosef. Kil. III, 3 מחיצת הכרם שנִפְרְצָה if the partition of a vineyard has come down; גדרה ונ׳ if he repaired it, and it came down again. Erub. IX, 2 חצר גדולה שנפרצה לקטנה if the partition between a large court and a smaller one has been broken into. Yalk. Ez. 352 a good shepherd שנ׳ גדר צאנו the fold of whose flock was broken into; (Ruth R. introd. שנפלה). גדר Tanḥ. Bal. 13 ראה שישראל נִפְרָצִים שם he (Balak) saw that the Israelites would be broken into (sustain a great loss) there; Num. R. s. 20 שיש פרצים (corr. acc.). Ab. d’R. N. ch. V ונִפְרְצוּ וכ׳, v. פִּרְצָה; a. fr. to be unrestrained, dissolute. Tanḥ. Vayera 9 לפי שנפרצו מעשיהם בזנות because their doings were unrestrained in matters of sexual morality; a. e. to be spread, increased. Gen. R. s. 73 (ref. to Gen. XXX, 43) נִפְרְצָה לו פרצה מעין וכ׳ an (abnormal) increase of wealth was granted to him similar to that expected in the days to come (v. Yalk. Mic. l. c.); Yalk. Gen. 130; Yalk. Koh. 989; a. e. to be broken off, severed. Succ. III, 1 נפרצו עליו if its leaves are severed (and only kept together by a band), v. פָּרַד. Hif. הִפְרִיץ (denom. of פָּרִיץ) to be defiant. Tosef. Macc. V (IV), 13 אפי׳ עומד ומַפְרִיץ וכ׳ even if he stands up defiantly (saying, he did not mind more lashes), you dare not add &c. Hithpa. הִתְפָּרֵץto become dissolute, be unrestrained, licentious. Y. Sabb. III, 6ᵃ bot. שלא תִתְפָּרֵץ that she may not assume immoral habits; ib. שלא יִתְפָּרְצוּ that people may not be unrestrained; Y. Bets. II, 61ᶜ ↗ expanded
פְּרַץto break through, open &c. Targ. II Kings XIV, 13. Targ. II Esth. III, 8; a. e.—[Targ. Prov. XXV, 28 תריצה Var. ed. Lag., corrected by Bxt. פריצה, read תריעא.] to be reckless, sport. Taan. 24ᵇ הוו קא פַרְצֵי בריפתא were recklessly sporting with bread (throwing pieces of bread to one another). ↗ expanded
פִּרְצָה (פָּרַץ) breach, opening. B. Bath. 53ᵃ פרץ פ׳ וכ׳ if he widened the opening in the fence to go in and out by it. Succ. 26ᵃ פ׳ קוראה לגנב a breach (occasion) invites the thief. Tanḥ. Vayishl. 5 אין ניתנין פ׳ לפני הכשר וכ׳ we must not leave an opening (offer a temptation) to an honest man, how much less to a thief. Y. Gitt. III, 45ᵃ היתה שם פ׳ אחת וכ׳ if there was a single gap (for the besieged to escape), it saves all (justifies the presumption that they are alive). Peah VII, 1 בצד פ׳ (Y. ed. הפרוצה) by the gap (entrance) in the fence; a. fr.—Trnsf. inroad, calamity. Tanḥ. Bal. 13 יש פ׳ גדולה מזו is there a greater calamity than this (the death of Moses)? Yalk. Ps. 888 (ref. to פרץ, Ps. CXLIV, 14) פ׳ של פורענות the calamity of divine visitation (pestilence, with ref. to Ps. CVI, 29 ותפרץ); פ׳ של גלות the calamity of exile; Ruth R. introd. פ׳ של מגפה; פֶּרֶץ של גלות. Lev. R. s. 34, end (ref. to Is. LVIII, 12) הפ׳ הזאת עלי היה לגודרה וכ׳ the Lord says, it was for me to repair that breach (to remedy the evil of poverty), and thou rosest to repair it (by charity); a. fr.— lawlessness, licentiousness, demoralization. Gen. R. s. 26 כל פ׳ שאינה … אינה פ׳ demoralization which does not proceed from the leaders, is no real demoralization; a. e.—Pl. פְּרָצוֹת. Pes. 56ᵃ, v. פָּרַץ. Midd. II, 3 שלש עשרה פ׳ היו בו שפרצום וכ׳ there were thirteen breaches in the Temple palisades (סוֹרֶג) made by the Greek kings; Y. Shek. VI, 50ᵃ top. Ber. 19ᵃ פִּרְצוֹתֵינוּ ופִרְצוֹת וכ׳, v. גָּדַר. B. Bath. 91ᵇ (ref. to גדרה, I Chr. IV, 23) זו סנהדרין שגדרו פִרְצוֹתֵיהֶן וכ׳ this refers to the Sanhedrin that healed the breaches of Israel. Yalk. Ez. 352; Ruth R. introd. שאלו עליתם בפ׳ וכ׳ if you had stood in the breaches as Moses did &c.; a. fr.—[Num. R. s. 20 שיש פרצים, v. פָּרַץ.]—3) sect.—Pl. as ab. Ab. d’R. N. ch. V ונפרצו מהם שתי פ׳ and two sects proceeded from them. spreading, increase. Gen. R. s. 73, a. e., v. פָּרַץ. ↗ expanded
פַּרְצוֹף (an adapt. of πρόσωπον, as if it were פרץ אף) face, visage, front. Yeb. XVI, 3 פ׳ פנים the full face, v. חוֹטָם. Ib. 120ᵃ פ׳ פנים ולא פדחת if the face is left, but without the forehead. Erub. 18ᵃ, v. דִּיפְּרוֹסוֹף. Ber. 61ᵃ (ref. to הצלע, Gen. II, 22) חד אמר פ׳ one says, it means one of the two faces of Adam (v. דִּיפְּרוֹסוֹף). Snh. 103ᵇ בתחלה … פ׳ אחד וכ׳ first he made it (the idol) with one face, and afterwards with four. Yoma 72ᵇ רוקם פ׳ אחד וכ׳ by roḳem (Ex. XXVIII, 39) needlework is meant and therefore one front (design on one side), by ḥoshebh (ib. 15) embroidery is meant and therefore two fronts (designs on both sides); a. fr.—Pl. פַּרְצוּפִים, פַּרְצוּפִין, פַּרְצוּפוֹת. Ib. שני פ׳; Tosef. Shek. III, 14 שתי פ׳ (fem.). Ab. Zar. 42ᵇ כל הפ׳ מותרין וכ׳ you are permitted to sculpture all faces except the human face. Ib. 12ᵃ פ׳ המקלחין מים וכ׳ sculptures of human faces which throw forth water in the large cities (fountains). Y. ib. III, 42ᶜ bot. היו חותמין בפַרְסוֹפוֹת used seals on which human faces were engraven. Ib. כל פרס׳ היו בירושלם וכ׳ all kinds of statuary existed in Jerusalem except human faces. Y. Snh. IV, 22ᵇ bot. שינה פַּרְצוֹפוֹתֵיהֶן the Lord made the faces of men to differ from one another; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פַּרְצוּפָא Targ. Ps. XXXIV, 17. Ib. XVII, 15; a. e.—B. Mets. 86ᵃ הדר פַּרְצוּפֵיה וכ׳ his face was turned backward (by demons); a. e.—Pl. פַּרְציּפִין, פַּרְצוּפֵי. Targ. Ps. LXXIII, 7 (ed. Wil. sing.) Targ. Prov. XXVII, 19. ↗ expanded
פַּרְצִידָא (v. פַּצִּידָא; ר inserted) cut, trench, v. פַּצִּידָא. (cmp. פּוּרְצָנָא) kernel, stone. Taan. 4ᵃ פ׳ דתותי קלא the kernel under a clod. Ib. האי צורבא לפ׳ וכ׳ … a young scholar is like the kernel &c. (v. נְבַט), i.e. when his reputation begins to spread, it spreads wider and wider.—Pl. פַּרְצִידַיָּא, פַּרְצִידֵי. B. Mets. 84ᵃ פ׳ דרומנא וכ׳ the seeds of a red pomegranate. Sabb. 21ᵃ מפַּרְצִידוֹהִי וכ׳ from its kernels they produce oil. ↗ expanded
פָּרַק (b. h.) to break, separate; to untie, loosen; to unload. Sabb. 138ᵃ וילון … ומותר לפוֹרְקוֹ it is permitted (on the Sabbath) to stretch a curtain and also to untie (remove) it. Ib.ᵇ top. Y. Shebi. III, beg. 34ᶜ לא יִפְרוֹק וכ׳, v. מִשְׁפֶּלֶת. [Ib. לא יַפְרִיקHif., v. infra.] Cant. R. to I, 5 טוענת ופוֹרֶקֶת she loads (becomes pregnant) and unloads (delivers); a. fr.—Trnsf. to redeem, deliver. Gen. R. s. 44 אני פוֹרְקָן I shall redeem them; a. e.—פ׳ עול to untie the yoke, cast off an obligation. Ab. III, 5, v. עוֹל. Tosef. Sot. XIV, 4 פָּרְקוּ מהם עול וכ׳ they cast off the heavenly yoke, and made flesh and blood rule over them; a. fr.—Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 25 אינן פּוֹרְקִין יראה they do not cast off the fear (of having lost the divine grace through their sins); Yalk. Num. 765 אין פורקין יראה מהם; Num. R. s. 19 אין פּוֹרְקִים ביראה (corr. acc.).—Part. pass. פָּרוּק; f. פְּרוּקָה; pl. פְּרוּקִים, פְּרוּקִין; פְּרוּקוֹת. Y. B. Kam. III, 3ᵈ אחד פ׳ ואחד טעון וכ׳ if (on meeting on the road) one animal is without a load, and the other is laden, the unladen must make room for the laden; היו שניהן … פ׳ if both are laden or both unladen. Ib. שתיהן פ׳ if both wagons are without a load; a. fr.—Esp. to help to unload an animal broken down under its burden (Ex. XXIII, 5). B. Mets. II, 10 מצוה … לִפְרוֹק, v. טָעַן II. Ib. אם רצונך לפרוק פְּרוֹק if thou desirest to unload, do so (without my assistance); a. fr. Pi. פֵּירֵקto sever, strip; to take off, release; to take apart. Shebi. II, 2 מְפָרְקִין you may release (trees in the Sabbatical year); Y. ib. 33ᵈ top מפ׳ בעלין ‘release’ refers to (a too luxuriant growth of) leaves. Ukts. II, 5 התחיל לְפָרֵק when he has begun to strip (vegetables). Tosef. ib. II, 13 התחיל לפרק באגוזים when he has begun to strip nuts (of their burrs). Sabb. 88ᵃ ירדו … ופֵירְקוּם one hundred and twenty myriads of angels of destruction came down and took them (the crowns) off their heads. Ib. בחורב … פֵּרְקוּ (Rashi פירקו) at Horeb they loaded (angels put crowns on their heads), and at Horeb they unloaded (angels took their crowns off). Men. 8ᵃ; 9ᵇ עד שלא פֵרְקָהּ before he took it (the pile of the show bread) apart. Y. Yoma I, 38ᶜ top מעמירו ומְפָרְקוֹ put it (the Tabernacle) up and broke it up again; העמידו ולא פירקו put it up and did not break it up again; Num. R. s. 13, beg.; Sifra Tsav, Milluim, Par. 1 end.—Y. M. Kat. I, 80ᵇ bot. מְפָרְקִין את המנעול וכ׳ you may take the shoe off the block. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 43ᵇ, v. פַּצִּים; a. fr.—Sabb. 95ᵃ חולב חייב משום מפרק one milking (on the Sabbath) is guilty of an act resembling unloading; Keth. 60ᵃ יונק מפרק כלאחר יד releasing the cow by sucking is unloading in an unusual way (v. אַחַר). Lev. R. s. 13 עמד ופֵרְקוּם לישראל he rose and took them off the back of the gentiles, and put them on Israel.—Sabb. 156ᵃ לְפָרֵק to take food from before one animal and place it before another, Rashi; [Tosaf.: to empty from vessel to vessel in order to procure a thorough mixture; other defin., v. Ar. s. v.].—Part. pass. מְפוֹרָקa) unloaded. B. Mets. 33ᵃ (ref. to Ex. l. c.) ‘under its burden’, ולא מפ׳ but not when it is unloaded (and the owner requires assistance to load it again). Ib. לא מפ׳ בחנם when it is unloaded, one need not assist in loading without remuneration.—b) taken apart, broken up. Tanḥ. P’kudé 11 והיה מונח ומפ׳ וכ׳ and it (the Tabernacle) lay in parts (uncombined) during &c. Hithpa. הִתְפָּרֵק,Nithpa. נִתְפָּרֵקto be taken apart, broken up. Y. Yoma l. c. Sabb. XVII, 1 אע"פ שנִתְפָּרְקוּ although the doors are detached (when the piece of furniture is moved). Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 2 נִתְפָּרְקָה זו וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (missing in eds.) if the blades of scissors are separated, each may become unclean for itself; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 36 (ref. to Gen. IX, 24) נתפ׳ יינו מעליו the load of his wine was taken from him (he became sober). to be loose, movable like a link or joint (v. פֶּרֶק). Yoma 72ᵃ מִתְפָּרְקִין ואין וכ׳ they (the bars in the ring) were movable but could not slip off. Nidd. 9ᵃ (of a woman after confinement) איבריה מתפרקין וכ׳ her limbs are loose (shaky), and her full strength does not return to her before &c.; Bekh. 6ᵇ איבריה מתפרקין הימנה she feels as tho’ her limbs were dropping off. Yalk. Num. 708 תהא מִתְפָּרֶקֶת איברים איברים she shall lose limb after limb; Num. R. s. 9 מתרפקת (corr. acc.); a. e.—[Yalk. Cant. 986 מתפרקות some ed., read: מתרפקות, v. רָפַק.] Nif. נִפְרָק (denom. of פֶּרֶק) to be out of joint, dislocated, sprained. Sabb. XXII, 6 מי שנִפְרְקָה ידו וכ׳ he who sprained his arm or foot. to be removed. Tosef. ib. XIII (XIV), 5 שיִפָּרְקוּ ed. Zuck. (Var. שימחו) that they be removed (cut out).—[Hif.הִפְרִיק as Kal and Pi. Tosef. Ber. II, 7 שיַפְרִיק ed. Zuck. (Var. שיְפָרֵק). Y. Shebi. III, beg. 34ᶜ, v. supra; prob. to be read: יְפָרֵיק.] ↗ expanded
פְּרַקto separate, remove, take off. Targ. Ex. XXXII, 2 sq. (O. ed. Berl. Pa.). Targ. Y. Num. IV, 5 (O. Pa.); a. fr.—V. פְּרִיקָא II.— to fall apart. B. Mets. 86ᵃ פ׳ אשיתא the frame wall fell apart (v., however, infra). to untie; to redeem, deliver. Targ. Ex. XXI, 8 (O. ed. Amst. וְיַפְרְ׳, read: וְיִ׳). Targ. Lev. XXVII, 13. Targ. Ps. XXXIV, 23 פָּרֵיק Ms. (ed. פרוק, corr. acc.); a. fr.—Part. pass. פָּרִיק; f. פְּרִיקָא; pl. פְּרִיקִין, פְּרִיקַיָּא; פְּרִיקָן. Targ. Y. Lev. XXV, 42; 55. Targ. Is. XXXV, 9; a. fr.—Keth. IV, 8 (in a marriage contract) אם תשתבאי אֶפְרְקִינָךְ if thou art captured, I shall redeem thee; ib. 51ᵇ. Ib. 47ᵃ מימנע ולא פָרֵיק he might refuse to redeem her. Y. Maas. Sh. IV, 55ᵃ bot. אֶפְרוֹק לך וכ׳ I will redeem it for thee with this Sela; a. fr. Pa. פָּרֵיקto remove, take off. Targ. O. Ex. XXXII, 2; a. fr.; v. supra.—Trnsf. to alienate. Targ. Prov. XVII, 9 (h. text מפריד; ib. XVI, 28 מעריק). to divide, split, strip. Targ. O. Lev. I, 17. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXIII, 20 (some ed. מַפְרַק, corr. acc.). Targ. I Kings XIX, 11; a. e.—Ḥull. 93ᵃ, v. infra. [to break,] to solve a problem; to reply, opp. אקשי. B. Mets. 84ᵃ מְפָרִיקְנָא וכ׳, v. פֵּירוּקָא. Sabb. 145ᵃ הוא מותיב … מְפָרֵק לה he raise an objection, and himself answered it. Ab. Zar. 50ᵇ דִּיפָרְקִינָהּ, v. נַגָּרָא; a. fr. to redeem. Y. Maas. Sh. IV, 54ᵈ מְפָרֵק על פומיה redeems according to his estimation; a. fr. Af. אַפְרֵיקto cause a falling off of limbs. Gitt. 69ᵇ דמַפְרִיק because it causes &c. Ithpa. אִתְפָּרֵיק,Ithpe. אִתְפְּרִיק, אִיפְּרִיקto be broken, fall apart. Ber. 54ᵃ אִתְפָּרְקָא ליה אשיתא וכ׳ (v. supra) the frame wall fell apart before him, and he went in. to be redeemed, released, delivered. Targ. Lev. XIX, 20. Targ. Ps. XXXIII, 16; a. fr.—Yalk. Esth. 1046 כיון … ולא אִיפְּרִיקוּ … לא מִיפְּרִיקוּ when he (Ahasver) saw that the seventy years were full, and they were not delivered, he thought, since they are not now delivered, they will never be delivered; Meg. 11ᵇ אִיתְפְּרוּק … מִיפָּרְקֵי Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); a. e. to be out of joint, dislocated. Ḥull. 93ᵃ בהמה … פָּרוּקֵי מִפָּרְקָא (or מְפָרְקָא part. pass. Pa.) an animal while alive makes movements by which the limbs are temporarily dislocated. ↗ expanded
פֶּרֶקpreced.) [division, section; (b. h.) cross-road,] period (of time), period of maturity, season. Keth. 59ᵇ סמוך לפִירְקָהּ near her period of puberty. Y. Yeb. XIII, 13ᵈ bot. עד שתגדיל ותגיע לפ׳ וכ׳ until she be grown up and arrive at a marriageable age and be married. Taan. 16ᵃ ופִרְקוֹ נאה whose youth is becoming, expl. ib. 16ᵇ שלא יצא וכ׳ whose youth is of unblemished repute; Tosef. Ḥag. II, 9 ופרקו טוב Var. (ed. Zuck. ופרק). Pes. 117ᵃ על כל פ׳ ופ׳ at every important epoch. Ib. 43ᵃ top שהגיעו לפִרְקָן וכ׳ who have reached puberty but not the legal age (prematurely developed). Tosef. R. Hash. I, 12 פ׳ שעורים the season of the barley crop; פ׳ גשמים the rainy season. Deut. R. s. 9 הגיע פרקו ליטול וכ׳ his (the child’s) time has come to be taken away (he is destined to die) at the age of thirty days. Ib. הראה לי את פִּרְקִי show me my time (when I am to die); a. fr.—Pl. פְּרָקִים; constr. פִּרְקֵי, פִּי׳. R. Hash. 35ᵃ ברכות … ושל פ׳ prayers for the New Year, the Day of Atonement and periodical prayers (for feasts, fasts &c.). Ib. כיון … כפ׳ רמי as he prayed only once in thirty days, it was to him like a periodical prayer. Shek. III, 1 בשלשה פ׳ at three periods of the year. Y. Shebi. I, beg. 33ᵃ שני פ׳ הראשונים the two beginning periods (shortly before the beginning of the Sabbatical year, and before the beginning of the new Sabbatical period); ib. III, end, 34ᵈ. Y. Shek. III, beg. 47ᵇ פירקי לידה the seasons when animals give birth. Gen. R. s. 70, a. e. נשיקה של פ׳ the kiss on meeting after a period of separation; a. fr. (of writings) section, chapter. R. Hash. 30ᵇ מפני שחוזר וכופל את הפ׳ because in that case he would have to recite the same psalm again on the same day. Ber. 14ᵃ בין פ׳ לפ׳ פוסק וכ׳ between one section (of the Hallel) and another he may interrupt himself, but in the middle of a section he must not do so. Ab. VI הלומד … פ׳ אחד וכ׳ he that learns from his neighbor one chapter or one halakhah. Erub. 54ᵇ ושנה לו משה פִּירְקוֹ Moses taught him (Aaron) his lesson; ושנה להם … פִּירְקָן taught them their lesson; a. v. fr.—Pl. as ab. Ber. II, 1 בפ׳ שואל וכ׳ between the sections (of the Sh’mʿa) one may interrupt one’s self to extend a greeting &c. Ib. 2 אלו הן בין הפ׳ these are the pauses between the sections: between the first and the second benediction (preceding the Sh’mʿa) &c. Ḥag. 13ᵃ ראשי פ׳ the headings of chapters (or subjects, leading words). R. Hash. 31ᵃ מה ראה ר"ע לחלק בין הפ׳ הללו Ms. M. (ed. ראו חכמים) what reason had R. ʿA. to make a distinction between these psalms (by referring six of them to past events and the seventh to the hereafter)?; a. fr. link, limb, joint. Ḥull. 106ᵃ sq. נטילת ידים לחולין עד הפ׳ וכ׳ washing of hands for secular food must be done up to the (second) joint (of the fingers), for T’rumah to the (third) joint; קידוש … עד הפ׳ sanctification of hands (and feet) up to the joint (of the hand); Arakh. 19ᵇ; Tosef. Yad. II, 1; Yad. II, 3; Y. Ber. VIII, 12ᵃ. Ḥull. X, 4 מן הפ׳ של ארכובה וכ׳ from the joint of the knee to the shoulder-blade of the forefoot. Ib. הפ׳ של לחי the joint of the jawbone. Sifra Tsav, Milluim, Par. 1 פ׳ האמצעי the middle joint (of the thumb); a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 2, v. מִסְפֶּרֶת. Deut. R. s. 3 beg. מנורה שעשויה פ׳ פ׳ a candlestick made of separable links (v. חוּלְיָא I). Ab. Zar. 43ᵃ בין פְּרָקָיו, expl. בין פִּרְקֵי צואר between the joints of its neck. Y. Ber. l. c. bot. (שולחן) של פ׳ a table that can be taken apart; a. fr. *load. Pl. as ab. Yalk. Lam. 1000 ושני פ׳ יש עליו וכ׳ and the camel has two loads (hanging down on its sides), one of wine, and one of vinegar (Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד מתינס 6) טעניה תרין זיקין).—[פרק אונסין, Esth. R. to I, 6, v. אינסין.] ↗ expanded
פִּרְקָאcross-road. Targ. Ob. I, 14. period.—Pl. פִּרְקִין, פִּרְקֵי, פִּי׳. Targ. Y. Lev. XIX, 29 סמוך לפִירְקֵיהוֹן near their period of puberty. Targ. Y. Num. XXII, 4 לפ׳ at periods (alternately). joint. Targ. Y. Lev. VIII, 23, sq. Ib. XIV, 14; a. e.—Tosef. Neg. IV, 12 neck, v. פִּיקָא I.—Pl. as ab. Y. Taan. II, 66ᵃ bot.; Y. Meg. I, 70ᵈ top יאות סבא ידע פ׳ גרמיה the old scholar knows well the joints of his bone (the vertebrae of his spine), i.e. he knows what he talks about; Y. Yeb. IV, 6ᵇ top פ׳ גיטא, פ׳ גיטה (corr. acc.). section, chapter, lesson. Pes. 117ᵃ, sq. ריש פ׳ the beginning of a chapter (psalm); באמצע פ׳ in the middle of a psalm.—Y. Keth. VII, beg. 31ᵇ והני ראשה דפ׳ (read: רישא) this would be the same case as that treated in the beginning of this chapter (v. R. Nissim to Keth. VII, 1). Y. Ned. VIII, beg. 40ᵈ עד דאחסל פִּירְקִי (not דחסל) until I have finished my chapter. Sabb. 67ᵃ פ׳ דאמוראי Ms. M. (ed. פרק אמ׳), v. אֱמוֹרָאָה. Y. Kil. I, beg. 26ᵈ על כל פ׳ אתאמרת does this rule refer to the entire chapter?; a. fr. school held at periods, session. Kidd. 31ᵇ כי הוה דריש בפ׳ when he lectured at college sessions. Ib. 71ᵃ. Pes. 100ᵃ אנא איקלעי לפִירְקֵיה וכ׳ I happened to be present at the session of R. &c.; a. fr.—Pl. פִּרְקֵי, פִּי׳. Keth. 62ᵃ בני פ׳ students at circuit sessions (who need not leave their homes for the sake of studying). B. Mets. 64ᵃ הוה יתיבנא בשלהי פ׳ דרב (Rashi פרקין) I took my seat towards the end of Rab’s sessions (having missed the beginning of the discussion); a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּרִקֵד , Ithpe.אִתְפַּרְקֵיד, אִיפַּ׳ (denom. of פרקד, enlargement of פרק, neck) to turn backward. Targ. Y. I Gen. XLIX, 17. to lie on the back; to be slanting. Men. 96ᵇ פַּרְקוּדֵי הוה מִפַּרְקְדָא it (the rim) was slanting (nothing could rest on it). ↗ expanded
פרקדיסין , Pesik. Baḥod., p. 104ᵇ (Ar. פקריסין); Yalk. Ex. 273 פרקריסין, a corruption; perh. to be read: פִּיקיסִין m. pl. (ficus) figs (and other dried fruits) (?), v. פרקדוס. ↗ expanded
פְּרַקְדָּן (v. פַּרְקֵד) one lying on his back. Ber. 13ᵇ; Nidd. 14ᵃ.—Pes. 108ᵃ פ׳ לא שמיה הסיבה lying on the back (at the Passover meal) is not called reclining.—V. אַפַּרְקִיד. ↗ expanded
פַּרְקוּלָא (furcilla, furcula) fork, an instrument of torture put on the culprit’s shoulders with his hands tied to it (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Furca). Yalk. Prov. 961 end (ref. to Prov. XXVIII, 13) משל ללסטיס … הודה הוא נוטל פ׳ like the case of a robber (rebel) who is judged before the questionarius; as long as he is stubborn, he is smitten, but when he confesses, he gets the furcilla (and is put to death); אבל הקב"ה אינו כן אלא עד שלא הודה נוטל פ׳ וכ׳ but not so acts the Lord; as long as the offender does not confess, he gets the furcilla (is doomed to die), but when he confesses, he is pardoned; Yalk. Ps. 854 ניתן פרקילא (read ניטל); Pesik. Shub., p. 159ᵃ (restore the passage acordingly). Ib.ᵇ הוא נותן פ׳ he (the questionarius) has the furcilla put upon him, when he is taken out and put to death; ib. היא נותן להם וכ׳ he (the Lord) places the furcilla upon them (condemns them, Hos. XIV, 1), and then he allows them to come back (ib. 2); Yalk. Hos. 532. ↗ expanded
פֵּרָקוֹן (פָּרַק) redemption. Keth. IV, 4 חייב … ובפִרְקוֹנָהּ וכ׳ is bound to support her, to redeem her (when she is captured), and to bury her. Ib. 47ᵇ תיקנו … ופִירְקוֹנָהּ תחת וכ׳ they instituted the duty of support as an equivalent for her handiwork, and that of redemption as an equivalent for the privilege of usufruct (of her property). Y. Maas. Sh. IV, 55ᵇ [read:] פ"י פרקון the mark Pé on a vessel means peraḳon (redemption, i.e. second tithes). ↗ expanded
פִּרְקוּנָא Targ. Y. Num. III, 51. Ib. XVIII, 16; a. e.—Pl. פִּרְקוֹנִין, פִּרְקוֹנֵי. Ib. III, 46; 48, sq. ↗ expanded
פַּרְקְטוֹנִין (פרקט, Parel of פקט, v. פִּקְטִים), פ׳ דמיאtorrents, freshets, fountains (corresp. to h. מַבּוּעַ). Targ. Y. Gen. XIV, 3. Targ. Y. I Num. XXI, 34 (ed. Amst. פִּרְקַטוּ׳; Y. II מבועין). Ib. XXIV, 6 פְּרַקְטוֹנֵי נהרין (ed. Amst. פַּרְקְטוֹ׳). Targ. Koh. II, 6 פרקטנין דמ׳. Targ. Cant. VII, 5 פְּרַקְטִינִין. ↗ expanded
פְּרַקְלִיט (παράκλητος) advocate; intercessor. Ab. IV, 11 העושה … קינה לו פ׳ אחד he that does a good deed, acquires an advocate for himself, opp. קטגיר. Sifra M’tsorʿa, Neg., Par. 3, ch. III חטאת דומה לפ׳ שנכנס לרצות רצה פ׳ וכ׳ a sin-offering is like an intercessor that enters (the royal palace) to appease (the king); when the intercessor has succeeded, the present is sent in (the burnt-offering follows); Zeb. 7ᵇ; Tosef. Peah IV, 21 (v. infra); a. e.—Pl. פְּרַקְלִיטִין. Sabb. 32ᵃ כל העולה … פ׳ גדולים וכ׳ when one ascends the scaffold to be put to death, if he has prominent intercessors, he is pardoned &c.; ואלו הן פ׳ של אדם וכ׳ these are man’s intercessors (before divine judgment): repentance and good deeds. B. Bath. 10ᵃ כל צדקה … שלום ופ׳ גדולין בין וכ׳ all acts of charity and benevolence … are great peace (makers) and intercessors between Israel and his Father in heaven; (Tosef. l. c. פרקליט גדול ושלום). Y. Taan. I, beg. 63ᶜ פ׳ לפים intercessors praying for rain; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרַקְלִימִין (περικνήμια = περικνημίδια: as to ל for נ, cmp. לוּמָּא) leggings, greaves. Kel. XXVI, 3 הפרקל׳ וכ׳ (R. S. הפרקנ׳) leggings are not subject to uncleanness; (Maim.: gloves; R. S.: head-bands). Ib. XXIV, 15 שלשה פרקלימין הן וכ׳ ed. Dehr. (ed. פרקילינין) there are three kinds of greaves (with regard to levitical cleanness): those worn by hunters &c. (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Ocrea); [comment.: gloves); Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. II, 11 פרגלינין ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. פרגילנין, פרקלנין). ↗ expanded
פּרַקְסִיס (πρᾶξις) business. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᵈ משם פ׳ if he decorated his store for business’ sake (to attract customers), opp. עִיטּוּר, q. v. ↗ expanded
פָּרַר (b. h.) to break. Pi. פֵּרֵרto crumble. Pes. 10ᵇ דרכו של תינוק לפָרֵר it is a child’s way to crumble bread (and leave it on the ground). Ib. II, 1 מְפָרֵר וזורה וכ׳ he may crumble (the leavened bread) and cast it to the wind; a. fr.—Tosef. Shebi. VI, 29 מְפָרְרִין, v. פָּרַר. Hif. הֵפֵר, הֵיפֵרto break, destroy; to thwart. Ab. III, 11 המֵפֵר בריתו וכ׳ he that breaks the Abrahamitic covenant (omits or effaces circumcision, v. מָשַׁךְ). Gen. R. s. 98 (play on פֹּרָת, Gen. XLIX, 22) בן שה׳ לאחיו the son that broke (faith) with his brothers; ib. שהֵפֵירוּ לו אחיו to whom his brothers were faithless; ib. שה׳ לאדונתו, v. אֲדוֹנָה. Gen. R. s. 16 (play on פְּרָת, Gen. II, 14) פרת שהֵפֵירָה והצירה לבניו Edom (Rome) is called P’rath, because she broke faith with, and distressed his (God’s) children (Var. לפניו); שאני עתיד להָפֵר לה because I (the Lord) shall in the end thwart her plans; Yalk. ib. 22; a. fr.—Esp. to make void; to disallow a vow (Num. XXX, 2-16). Ned. X, 1 אביה ובעלה מְפִירִין וכ׳ both her father and her husband must declare her vow void; ה׳ האב וכ׳ if only the father protested, and the husband did not. Ib. 2 הבעל מֵפֵר בבגר וכ׳ in the case of an adult the husband has the right of disallowing, but not the father. Ib. 4 אינו יכול להָפֵר he has no power to disallow her vows. Ib. 5 יָפֵר he has the power &c. Ib. 72ᵃ, a. e. אין הבעל מֵיפֵר בקודמין the husband cannot invalidate vows made before marriage. Ib. XI, 12 (90ᵇ) יָפֵר (ל)חלקי he may invalidate her vow for his share (as far as it concerns him). Ib. 7 איני יודע שוש מפירין I did not know that there are invalidating powers (vested in the husband); a. v. fr.—Part. pass. מוּפָר; pl. מוּפָרִין. Ib. X, 1 אינו מ׳ her vow is not made void. Ib. 4 כל נדרים … הרי הן מ׳ whatever vows thou mayest have made in my house, shall be void. Ib. 77ᵇ מ׳ ליכי thy vow is void; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּרַרIthpa. אִתְפָּרָר,Ithpe. אִתְפְּרַר, אִיפְּ׳to be broken, crushed, crumbled. Targ. Ps. XXII, 15 Ms., v. פַּרְפֵּר I.—Pes. 74ᵇ דמִפְּרִיר (Ms. M. דמִיפְּרַךְ; Ms. O. דמִיפְּרַד), v. סְמִידָא. Af. אָפֵרto make void, invalidate. Ned. 73ᵃ לכי שמע לֵיפֵר לה הוא when he hears of the vow, why does he not disallow it himself (what need has he of the agent)? Ib. 70ᵃ לא מצי מֵיפַר he has no power to invalidate her vows. Ib. 70ᵇ לא מצי מיפר אב her father has no power &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded
פָּרַשׁ (b. h.) [to divide, separate,] (neut. verb) to go away, go aside, depart; to keep off. Yoma I, 5 הוא פוֹרֵשׁ … פּוֹרְשִׁין וכ׳ he turned aside and wept, and so did they. Y. Keth. I, 25ᵈ bot. ראו אותו פורש מציפורין they saw him come out of Sepphoris (so that he is presumably an inhabitant of Sepphoris); פירש מן הבתים they saw him leave one of the houses of Sepphoris. Num. R. s. 9 את פָּרַשְׁתְּ מדרך וכ׳ thou didst depart from the way (disregard the customs) of Israel’s daughters. Zeb. 113ᵃ (play on פרשה, Num. XIX, 5) מקים שפּוֹרֶשֶׁת למיתה וכ׳ there where she departs for death, she shall be burnt. Y. M. Kat. I, 80ᵇ bot. (ref. to Lev. XIII, 45) כדי שתהא טומאה … פְּרוֹשׁ that the uncleanness itself may cry out …, ‘keep off’; Y. Maas. Sh. V, beg. 55ᵈ; a. fr. to pass, cross. Yalk. Prov. 946; Yalk. Num. 738 הספינות פּוֹרְשׁוֹת בים the ships make their way through the sea. (act. verb) to separate, keep off. Num. R. s. 10 כשם שאדם פירש את עצמו וכ׳ as a person keeps himself away (abstains) from the fruits of Orlah, so will those who misbehave towards their handmaids, be separated from the virtuous on the day of judgment.; a. fr.—Part. pass. פָּרוּשׁ, q. v. (cmp. פָּרַט) to single out, specify, speak distinctly. Ib. (expl. יַפְלִא, Num. VI, 2) כשיִפְרוֹשׁ לנדור וכ׳ when he speaks out his vow, to the exclusion of him who thinks it in his heart; a. fr.—Sifré Num. 24 עד שיפרוש לך … כדרך שפירש וכ׳ (Yalk. ib. 710 שיפרוט … שפרט), v. פָּרַט. Nif. נִפְרַשׁto be separated, kept away. Lev. R. s. 22 והן נִפְרָשִׁים מעבודה זרה and thus they will be kept away from idolatrous worship; a. e. Pi. פֵּירֵשׁ (neut. verb) (neut. verb) to depart, withdraw; to abstain. Snh. 82ᵇ היה לו … לפרוש ולא פי׳ Zimri might have withdrawn (from the woman), but he did not. Ib.ᵃ אם פ׳ וכ׳ if Z. had withdrawn, and Phineas had slain him &c. Pes. 87ᵇ פ׳ מן האשה withdrew from contact with his wife. Gen. R. s. 20 שפֵּירְשָׁה חיה מאדם that Eve was separated from Adam.—Sabb. 86ᵇ פירשה מן האיש the semen issued from a man.—Pes. 49ᵇ שנה ופ׳ קשה וכ׳ he that studied and gave it up, is the worst of all (in hostility to scholars); a. fr. to go on a voyage; to cross the ocean (cmp. פָּלַגHif.). Y. M. Kat. III, beg. 81ᶜ אסור לפָרֵשׁ לים הגדול it is forbidden to start on a sea voyage (during the festive week). Y. Yeb. XVI, 15ᵈ top עשיתי מְפָרֵשׁ וכ׳ I was crossing &c. Y. Meg. II, 73ᵇ top מְפָרְשֵׁי ימים voyagers on the sea; a. fr. (act. verb) to separate. Gen. R. s. 22 אילו רצה המלך פֵּירְשָׁן ולא רצה המלך לפָרְשָׁן if the king desired it, he would separate them (the fighters), but the king does not wish to separate them; Yalk. ib. 38. to specify, express clearly. Ib. א"א לפה לפָרְשוֹ no mouth can express it. Men. 91ᵃ דמְפָרֵשׁ when he (in making his vow) specified (‘sheep’ or ‘cattle’), opp. בסתמא. Gen. R. s. 6 אנשי … פֵּירְשׁוּ אותו the men of the Great Assembly said it plainly. Snh. VII, 5 עד שיְפָרֵשׁ השם until he mentions the Name expressly (uses the Tetragrammaton), opp. כִּינּוּי. Gitt. 36ᵃ שיהו עדים מְפָרְשִׁין שמותיהן that witnesses must sign their full names; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְפוֹרָשׁ, f. מְפוֹרֶשֶׁת; pl. מְפוֹרָשִׁים, מְפוֹרָשִׁין; מְפוֹרָשׁוֹת. B. Kam. 54ᵇ, a. fr. מה הפרט מפ׳, v. פְּרָט. B. Mets. 94ᵇ שלישית בשואל מפ׳ that the third paragraph treats of a borrower, is explicitly stated (Ex. XXII, 13). Sot. 38ᵃ, a. fr. שם המפ׳ the special Name (the Tetragrammaton), v. supra. Zeb. 53ᵃ, v. סָתַם. Ḥag. 22ᵇ ומה סתומות … מפ׳ וכ׳ if your undefined teachings are so well-founded, how much more your explicit teachings; a. fr. to explain, interpret, define. Ned. 2ᵇ פתח … ומפרש ידות the Mishnah begins with kinnuyim …, and goes on explaining yadoth! Zeb. 13ᵃ ואין לי לפרש and I am unable to explain (the reason of the distinction between receiving and sprinkling the blood); אני אֲפָרֵשׁ I shall explain it. Ned. 81ᵃ דבר זה … ולא פֵירְשׁוּהוּ עד שפֵּירְשׁוֹ וכ׳ that question (Jer. IX, 11) was asked of prophets and scholars, and they could not explain it, until the Lord himself explained it (ib. 12). M. Kat. 16ᵇ; Ber. 18ᵃ לא פֵירְשׁוּ לך they did not interpret (the verse) to you; v. שָׁנָה I. Gen. R. s. 31 ולא פ׳ and did not explain (of what material the serpent was to be made); Y. R. Hash. III, end, 59ᵃ; a. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Meg. 3ᵃ, a. e. (ref. to Neh. VIII, 8) מפ׳ זה תרגוםm’forash means interpretation. Hithpa. הִתְפָּרֵשׁ,Nithpa. נִתְפָּרֵשׁto be specified, defined; to be explained. Lev. R. s. 6 כל נביא שנתפ׳ וכ׳ a prophet whose name is stated. Gen. R. l. c. בשלשה נ׳ ובאחד לא נ׳ in three places (in which עֲשֵׂה occurs) the command is specified, but in the fourth (Num. XXI, 8) it is not specified, v. supra. Yalk. Gen. 20 דבר שאינו מִתְפָּרֵשׁ בִמקימו וכ׳ a thing which is not defined in its original place but is defined in another passage; a. e. Hif. הִפְרִישׁto separate; to set aside, dedicate. Yoma I, 1 מַפְרִישִׁין כהן וכ׳ they removed the high priest from his house to the cell &c. Ter. IV, 1 המַפְרִישׁ מקצת וכ׳ he who sets aside one portion of what is due of T’rumah or tithes. Num. R. s. 10 (ref. to Num. VI, 11, ועשה) שיַפְרִישֵׁם הכהן וכ׳ that the priest when offering them designates them, one for a sin-offering &c. Ib. (ref. to Prov. XXIII, 32) מה צפעון זה מפריש … כך היין מפריש וכ׳ as the adder divides between life and death, so wine removes from the ways of life to those of death; Lev. R. s. 12 כך ה׳ היין בין אדם וכ׳ so wine caused a separation between Adam and Eve; ה׳ היין בין נח לבניו לעבדות wine caused a division between Noah and his sons with regard to slavery; ה׳ היין בין אהרן ובניו למיתה wine caused a division between Aaron and his sons with regard to death; Yalk. Prov. 960. Tam. IV, 3 מן הכבד … ה׳ severed the lungs from the liver; a. fr.—Part. pass. מוּפְרָשׁ. Ned. I, 1 מוּפְרְשַׁנִי ממך I will be separated from thee (will have no dealings with thee, accept no favors &c.); ib. 5ᵃ; a. e.—2) to go to sea. Gen. R. s. 13 היו מַפְרִישִׁין לים וכ׳ were crossing the ocean; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרַשׁ (neut. verb) to keep off, abstain &c. Targ. Y. I Num. VI, 3. Ib. 2 יַפְרִישׁ. Ib. XXV, 8 [read:] דהוה ליה למִיפְרַשׁ ולא פירש (v. Snh. 82ᵇ, quot. in preced.); a. fr.—Part. פָּרֵשׁ, פָּרֵישׁ. Ib. XIX, 16; 18; a. fr.—Ḥull. 45ᵇ חד פריש לליבא וכ׳ one artery branches off to the heart, the other to the lungs &c. Zeb. 73ᵃ, sq. כל דפריש מרובא פריש whatever comes out of a mixed multitude, is presumed to have come from the majority, i.e. has the legal status of the majority; Keth. 15ᵃ; a. fr. to cross the ocean. Gen. R. s. 6 בעא דיִפְרוֹשׁ, v. infra. Koh. R. to III, 6 הוה אזיל פריש בימא was about to go to sea; a. e. to set aside, distinguish. Targ. Y. Deut. IV, 34; a. e. to explain. Part. pass. פָּרִישׁ. Ḥull. 52ᵃ ליבעי מיניה חדא דפ׳ לן תרתי let him be asked one question by which both cases will be made clear to us; a. e. Pa. פָּרֵישׁ (neut. verb) (neut. verb) to depart, keep off. Targ. Prov. XIX, 27 (ed. Lag. a. oth. Pe.).—[Targ. Y. Num. XXV, 8 פֵּירַשׁ Hebraism, v. supra.] to go to sea. Gen. R. l. c. הוה מְפָרֵשׁ בימא was about to undertake a sea voyage. Ib. בעא … פָּרְשֵׁי he wanted to go to sea; said the matron, do people go to sea at this season?; a. e. to separate, divide, distinguish. Targ. O. a. Y. II Deut. XXXII, 8 בפָרָשׁוּתֵיה (Y. I באַפְרָ׳, Af.); a. e.—Y. Ab. Zar. II, end, 42ᵃ ידע אנא מְפָרְשָׁה בין וכ׳ I can tell the roe of clean fish from that of unclean fish. to express clearly, define. Targ. O. Gen. XXX, 28. Targ. O. Lev. XXII, 21 (Y. Af.). Ib. XXIV, 11; 16; a. e.—Part. pass. מְפָרַשׁ. Targ. Y. II ib. XXIV, 11 שמא מְפָרָשָׁא (= h. שם המפורש, v. preced.; Y. I Ithpe.). Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXX, 22; a. e.—Yoma 3ᵇ פָּרוּשֵׁי קא מְפָרַשׁ וכ׳ it is clearly indicated in the text that it is ‘from thine own’ (the high priest’s private property); a. e. to distinguish, make wonderful.—Part. pass. as ab. Targ. Jud. XIII, 18 (h. text פלאי). to explain, interpret. Targ. O. Deut. I, 5 (h. text באר).—B. Bath. 121ᵃ גמיר … ולא ירע ליה לפָרוּשָׁהּ he learned the Boraitha by heart, but knew not how to explain it. Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ bot. ופָרְשַׁנְתָּהּ תמן and we explained it there (to B. Kam. V, 10); ib. ופרשתנה (corr. acc.). Erub. 54ᵃ לא … עד דמְפָרְשַׁת וכ׳ thou shalt not rest on thy legs (sit down) until thou hast explained these verses to me. R. Hash. 26ᵃ לפָרוּשֵׁי מאה וכ׳ it is important for the explanation of meah ḳs’iṭah (Gen. XXXIII, 19) &c.; a. fr. Af. אַפְרֵישׁto separate, divide, make a distinction; to set aside, dedicate. Targ. Gen. I, 4; 6. Ib. XXX, 40. Targ. Is. LVI, 3. Targ. O. Num. XVIII, 24 (Y. ed. Vien. Pe.); a. fr.— (neut. verb) to keep aloof, abstain. Targ. Y. Num. VI, 2 (v. supra). to warn off, keep away. Sabb. 40ᵇ (ל)אַפְרוּשֵׁי מאיסורא to warn a person off from doing wrong. to speak out, declare. Targ. O. Num. VI, 2 (ed. Berl. Pa.). Targ. Lev. XXVII, 2 (O. ed. Berl. Pa.); a. e. to distinguish, make wonderful. Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 59; a. e.—Part. pass. מַפְרַשׁ; f. מַפְרְשָׁא; pl. מַפְרְשִׁין; מַפְרְשָׁן. Targ. II Sam. I, 26. Targ. Is. XXIX, 14; a. e. Ithpa. אִתְפָּרַשׁ, אִיפָּ׳ ; Ithpe.אִתְפְּרַשׁ, אִיפְּ׳to be separated, to part, depart; to be set aside, dedicated. Targ. Gen. X, 32. Targ. Is. LII, 11. Targ. Lev. IV, 10 (O. ed. Berl. Ittaf.). Targ. Ex. XXIX, 27 (O. ed. Berl. Ittaf.); a. fr. to be distinctly expressed, declared; to be explained, interpreted. Targ. Num. I, 17. Targ. Y. Lev. XXIV, 11 (v. supra); a. fr.—Meg. 3ᵃ דמִיפָּרְשָׁן, v. סְתַם. B. Kam. 112ᵇ, a. fr. לדידי מִיפָּרְשָׁא לי מיניה וכ׳ to me it was explained by &c. Y. Keth. IV, 28ᵈ bot. אתתבת ולא אִפָּרְשַׁת a question was raised, but it was not made clear (solved); אתתבת ואפ׳ it was raised and met. Ittaf. אִתַּפְרַשׁto be set aside, dedicated; to be distinguished. Targ. O., ed. Berl., Lev. IV, 10; a. e., v. supra.—Targ. Y. I Gen. III, 18 יִתְאַפְרַשׁ let there be a distinction. ↗ expanded
פֶּרֶשׁsecretion, excrements (found in the entrails). Pes. 20ᵃ נמצאת בפ׳ if the liquid is found in the excrements of the slaughtered animal. Ib. (in Chald. dict.) וליהדר פ׳ וכ׳ why should not the excrements again make the flesh unclean? Ib. פ׳ עבה thick, substantial excrements, פ׳ רכה soft, viscid secretions. Ab. Zar. 34ᵇ פִּרְשׁוֹ מותרת its discharge may be used. Y. ib. II, 41ᶜ bot. פִּירְשָׁהּ גיפה הוא an animal’s discharge is part of its body; a. e. ↗ expanded
פָּרָשׁto chase, be fast, v. Fried. Del. Proleg. p. 95, note; cmp. פֶּרֶד II) horseman, knight.—Pl. פָּרָשִׁים. Snh. 95ᵇ והשאר פ׳ and the rest of the army were horsemen; a. e. ↗ expanded
פָּרָשׁ ² Targ. Nah. III, 3.—Sabb. 109ᵇ אידמי ליה כפ׳ he (Elijah) appeared to him as a horseman. Yeb. 121ᵇ וי ליה לפ׳ וכ׳ alas, for the brave horseman (city guardsman) that is dead! B. Bath. 8ᵃ לפ׳ Rashi (ed. לפַרְשָׁאָה) towards maintaining the city guard, v. טוּרְזַיָּנָא. Ab. Zar. 18ᵃ נקט נפשיה כחד פ׳ דמלכא Ms. M. (ed. only כפ׳; Ar. מן פָּרָשַׁיָּא) he (R. Meïr) assumed the disguise of a Roman knight.—Pl. פָּרָשִׁין, פָּרָשַׁיָּא, פָּרָשֵׁי. Targ. Jud. XV, 8. Targ. Ex. XIV, 28. Ib. 17; a. fr.—Ab. Zar. l. c., v. supra. B. Mets. 86ᵃ, v. גּוּנְדָּא I; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּרָשָׁא 2 (פְּרַשׁ, cmp. פְּרַת) [breaker, crusher,] ploughshare. Targ. I Sam. XIII, 20 (ed. Wil. פָּ׳; h. text מחרשת).—B. Mets. 80ᵃ דנקיט פ׳ משלם he that handles the share is responsible for the damage, contrad. to מנא, coulter. ↗ expanded
פָּרָשָׁה 1 (פָּרַשׁ) separation, branching off.—פָּרָשַׁת דרכים, פרשת עיבור, cross-road. Ber. IV, 4, v. עִיבּוּר. Sot. 21ᵃ הגיע לפ׳ דרכים וכ׳ when the traveller reaches the cross-road (where there is a guide-post), he is saved from all dangers. Ib. מהו פ׳ ד׳ וכ׳ what is meant by cross-road (in this parable)? A scholar on his dying day.—Ḥull. 46ᵃ פ׳ ראשונה the first branching off of the spinal column towards the legs, שניה the second branching off in the prolongation which forms the tail. Ib. פי פ׳ the starting point of the branching off; פ׳ עצמה the branch itself; a. e.—Pl. פָּרָשׁוֹת. Ib. 45ᵇ עד היכך חוט השדרה … עד בין הפ׳ how far does the spinal cord go (the severance of which causes the animal to be ṭ’refah)?… To ‘between the ramifications’; ליחוי לן מר בין הפ׳ show us the place called ‘between the ramifications’; a. e. crossing the ocean, sea-voyage. Lev. R. s. 35, v. אַפְרָשָׁה. (in writing) division, section, Parashah, the weekly Scripture lesson. Ber. 9ᵇ אשרי … חדא פ׳ היא Ashré (Ps. I) and Lammah rag’shu (Ps. II) are one section (psalm). Ib. 63ᵃ איזוהי פ׳ קטנה שכל וכ׳ which is the small section (verse) on which all essentials of the Law depend? (Answ. Prov. III, 6) ‘In all thy ways &c.’ Ib. II, 2 (13ᵃ) למה קדמה פרשת שמע וכ׳ Bab. ed. (Mish. a. Y. ed. only שמע) why is the section Sh’mʿa (Deut. VI, 4-9) recited before V’hayah (ib. XI, 13-21)? B. Bath. 14ᵇ פרשת בלעם the section treating of Balaam (Num. XXII, 2-XXIV, 25); a. v. fr.—Pl. פָּרָשִׁיּוֹת (fr. פָּרָשׁוּת). Ber. 9ᵇ י"ה פ׳ eighteen psalms. Gen. R. s. 90. Lev. R. s. 24. Tosef. Sabb. I, 12 תינוקות … פָּרָשִׁיּוֹתֵיהֶן children and teacher may prepare their verses by lamp-light &c.; (Y. ib. I, 3ᵇ bot. ראשי פסוקיהן). Ber. 8ᵇ המשלים פָּרָשִׁיּוֹתָיו עם הצבור he who finishes the reading of the weekly lessons so as to keep up with the public reading in the synagogue. Meg. 29ᵇ לסדר פ׳ הוא חוזר the interrupted order of Scriptural reading is taken up again; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
פָּרָשָׁה 2 (preced.) pr. n. pl. Parashah (Crossing); פָּרָשַׁת אשקלון the Crossing of Ashkalon. Tosef. Shebi. IV, 11; Y. ib. VI, 36ᶜ פ׳ חומות וכ׳ (insert אשקלון); Sifré Deut. 51; Yalk. ib. 874. ↗ expanded
פַּרְשׁוּנְיָאParshunia, (Pashrunia), in Babylonia. Erub. 104ᵃ פרש׳ early eds. (Ms. M. פרשותא; late eds. פשר׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); Pes. 91ᵃ פרישנא (Ms. M. פרשדוניא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). ↗ expanded
פָּרָשׁוּתָא = h. פָּרָשָׁה, separation; פָּרָשׁוּת אורחcross-road. Targ. Ez. XVI, 25. Ib. XXI, 24; 26 (ed. Wil. פְּ׳). Targ. Koh. X, 8 פַּרְשַׁת.—Targ. O. Gen. XXXVIII, 14 פרשות עיינין (ed. Berl. עינים), v. עַיִן ch.; Y. פַּרְשַׁת אורחין.—V. פַּרְשְׁתָא. ↗ expanded
פַּרְשְׁתָא = h. פָּרָשָׁה, cross-road, v. פָּרָשׁוּתָא. interpretation. Targ. Y. Deut. XVII, 18 פַּרְשַׁת אורייתא (not פרשא; h. text משנה). section of writing, Parashah, weekly Scripture lesson. Meg. 4ᵃ (interpret. ולשנותה, ib.) כגון דאמרי אינשי אעבור פ׳ דא וכ׳ as people say, I will peruse this section and read it over again. Y. Ned. VIII, beg. 40ᵈ עד דניחסל פַּרְשְׁתִי until I have finished my parashah; a. e.—Pl. פַּרְשְׁיָיתָא (fr. פרשיתא). Ber. 8ᵇ, v. כַּלָּה. Ib. אשלימו פַּרְשְׁיוֹתַיְיכוּ וכ׳ (Hebraism. for פַּרְשְׁיָיתַיְיכוּ; Ms. M. פַּרְשַׁיְיכוּ), v. פָּרָשָׁה. ↗ expanded
פְּרָת (b. h.) pr. n. P’rath, the river Euphrates. Gen. R. s. 16 פ׳ שפׄרׄה ורבה וכ׳ it is named P’rath (the growing), for its waters grow and increase, until people pass it on ships; פ׳ שמימיו פרין ורבין וכ׳ P’rath, for its waters are fruitful (fructifying); פ׳ שמפׄרׄיד והולך עד שכלה במגריפה ‘Rashi’ (ed. שמפרש) it is named P’rath (v. פְּרַת), because it goes on dividing (branching off in channels), until it ends under the (digging) spade; Yalk. Deut. 801 כמגרפה (corr. acc.); Sifré Deut. 6 שמפרה והולך עד שכלה מגריפה לגרפי it goes on fructifying (irrigating), until the spade ceases to dig it; Yalk. Gen. 22 מפריס והולך עד שהוא כלה ופותחין וכ׳ goes on dividing, until it disappears, and they open it with the spade. Bekh. 55ᵃ; a. fr.—Denom. פְּרָתִי, pl. פְּרָתִים. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXXXVII שתו מים הפ׳ ומתים they drank Euphrates water and died; (Pesik. R. s. 28 מימי הפרת). P’rath, name of certain districts or towns. Yoma 10ᵃ פ׳ דמישן (= רחנת עיר, Gen. X, 11): פ׳ דבורסיף (= כלח ib.); Kidd. 72ᵃ (expl. חביל ימא) פ׳ דבורסי, v. בּוֹרְסִיף. ↗ expanded
פָּרַת (cmp. פרר, פרד) to divide, crush, crumble. Pi. פֵּירֵתsame, trnsf. (with ב) to belittle, make light of. Koh. R. to III, 11 אילו אחד … הוא פ׳ בממונו של עולם וכ׳ if any one else had said, ‘vanity of vanities &c.’ (ib. I, 2), I might have thought, one that never owned two pennies in his life, made light of the wealth of the world &c. ↗ expanded
פַּרְתָּא m. (preced. art.) = h. פֶּרֶשׁ. Targ. Y. Deut. XXI, 8 (ed. Amst. פָּרָתָא). Targ. Y. Num. XIV, 37 (ed. Amst. פְּרַתְהוֹן).—Gen. R. s. 99 (expl. הפרשדונה, Jud. III, 22) פַּרְתֵּיה his excrements (came out). Snh. 67ᵇ דם ופ׳ מי הואי were there any traces of blood and secretions? Ḥull. 18ᵃ, v. מַסְמֵס. Gitt. 56ᵃ איתיב לה פ׳ וכ׳ dirt settled on her foot. ↗ expanded
פְּרָתָא (פְּרַת) = h. פָּרָשָׁה, branching off, division, esp. פ׳ דכרסא (or sub. כרסא) partition of the belly, navel. Targ. Job XL, 16 פ׳ דכ׳ ed. Lag. (oth. ed. פרת דכ׳, read: פְּרַת כ׳). Targ. Cant. VII, 3. Targ. Y. Num. XI, 31.—Pl. constr. פְּרָתֵי. Targ. Job III, 9 (10) ed. Lag. a. oth. (Ms. פְּרָתִי), v. פָּאתָא II. ↗ expanded
פָּשׁוּט (part. pass. of פָּשַׁט) straight, plain, simple. R. Hash. III, 3 של יעל פ׳ a straight horn of the mountain-goat, opp. כפוף. Sabb. 104ᵃ, v. כָּפַף. Ib. 106ᵃ, v. סִיט. Men. 35ᵇ ר׳ אחא מחוי פ׳ Ms. M. (ed. אשי) R. A. showed the index finger straight, i.e. the strap must reach from the arm to the tip of the index finger, when straightened, opp. כפוף (v. Tosaf. a. l.; Rashi: the strap must be as long as the distance from the thumb to the index finger, stretched as wide as possible, opp. כפוף the distance from the index to the middle finger). Mekh. B’shall. beg. לא הביאן הק"בה דרך פ׳ וכ׳ the Lord did not lead them on the direct road to Palestine; Yalk. Ex. 226 בפשוטה (sub. דרך). Mekh. l. c. לא הביאן המקום בפישוטן (corr. acc.). Cant. R. to I, 16 בלשון פ׳ with a single expression (of praise), opp. כפול. B. Bath. X, 1, a. fr. גט פ׳ a plain, open document, opp. מקושר folded; Tosef. Gitt. VIII (VI), 9 פ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. גט פ׳). Y. R. Hash. III, 58ᵈ top פשוטה (sub. תקיעה) the plain note (תקיעה), opp. the tremulous note; a. fr. (noun) פָּשׁוּטthe plain, literal sense. Sabb. 63ᵃ, a. e. אין מקרא יוצא מידי פְשׁוּטוֹ, v. מִקְרָא. (sub. יורש) an heir entitled to a single share, opp. בְּכוֹר. Bekh. 52ᵇ מה חלק פ׳ ירושה וכ׳ as the share of the plain heir is an inheritance, so the share of the firstborn is an inheritance (and not a gift affected by the jubilee laws); B. Bath. 124ᵃ. Ib. 126ᵃ בכור … כפ׳ ויתר, v. וָתַר; Y. Keth. IV, end, 29ᵇ בכור שחלק בפ׳ (read בפ׳). Num. R. s. 6 בני פ׳ the sons of a plain (not firstborn) man; a. fr.—Fem. פְּשׁוּטָה (sub. ירושה) single share. Y. B. Bath. VIII, 16ᵇ top, opp. כְּפֵילָה.—Pl. פְּשׁוּטִים, פְּשׁוּטִין; פְּשׁוּטוֹת. Sabb. 103ᵇ, v. כָּפַף. Num. R. l. c. פְּשׁוּטֵי הלוים וכ׳ the plain (not firstborn) Levites took the place of the firstborn Israelites; a. fr. flat, level, without receptacle. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. VI, 1 המשנה … מן הפ׳ לקיבול if one changes a leather implement … from a flat surface to a receptacle. Ib. IV, 3 פְּשׁוּטוֹ טהור in its flattened condition (when the bag is unrolled), it is not susceptible to uncleanness; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Kel. II, 1 פְּשׁוּטֵיהֶן those of them which are flat, opp. מקבליהן which have receptacles. Sabb. 123ᵇ, a. e. פְּשׁוּטֵי כלי עץ flat wooden implements (boards &c.). Y. ib. X, end, 12ᵈ בפ׳ when they are flat, opp. מקופלין folded; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּשׁוּטָא (preced.) flat, plain.—Pl. פְּשׁוּטַיָּא. Targ. Y. Num. XXXI, 22 flat vesselsplain sense, v. פְּשָׁטָא.—[Yalk. Is. 352 מפשוטיהן, v. פְּשִׁיטָא.] ↗ expanded
פְּשׁוּרָא , pl. פְּשׁוּרי = h. פּוֹשְׁרִין, tepid (water). Targ. Koh. II, 8 ed. Lag. (ed. Vien. פָּשׁוֹ׳; oth. ed. פּוּשְׁרֵי).—Ḥull. 46ᵇ; 47ᵇ. Ib. 84ᵇ כסא דפשורים some ed. (read: רֵי …, or רִין …); B. Mets. 29ᵇ דפושרין (some ed. דפשרין), v. חַרְשִׁין; a. e. (v. פִּישְׁרָא) rills formed by thawing snow. Ab. Zar. 34ᵇ, v. עִיקּוּלָא. Kidd. 73ᵇ פִּשְׁרֵי יש בו וכ׳ (Rashi: פושרי) if a child is found in shallow water formed by melting snow (where no ship can pass), it is legally considered a foundling. ↗ expanded
פָּשַׁחPi.) to split, tear off, strip. Y. Yeb. XVI, 15ᵈ נתלה … ופְשָׁחוֹ he suspended himself from a branch of an olive tree and tore it off (for a weapon); Bab. ib. 122ᵇ; Tosef. ib. XIV, 10.—[Tosef. Neg. V, 13 פשח מן הנימין, read with R. S. to Neg. XI, 10 פָּשָׂה.] Nif. נִפְשַׁחto be stripped, split. Shebi. IV, 6 אילן שנ׳ וכ׳ if a tree is split, you may tie it up in the Sabbatical year, not that it may grow together again, but that it may not split farther. Ukts. III, 8; Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. I, 13; Ḥull. 128ᵇ, v. עָרָה II. Ib. 127ᵇ אילן שנ׳ ובו פירות if a tree is stripped, and on it (on the branch torn off) are fruits; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּשַׁח Targ. I Sam. XV, 33 (h. text שסף). Targ. Ps. VII, 3 (h. text פרק).—M. Kat. 10ᵇ האי מאן דפ׳ דיקלא he that strips a date palm (cuts shoots off); B. Bath. 54ᵃ Pa. פַּשַּׁחsame. Targ. II Esth. III, 8.—Bets. 33ᵇ הוה מְפַשֵּׁחַ וכ׳ broke a branch off, and gave us each several sticks. Ithpe. אִתְפְּשַׁח, אִיפְּשַׁחto be torn loose, separated. Targ. Y. Lev. XI, 32; 39. (cmp. פָּרַסHif.) to part one’s feet, to force one’s self to stand still. Kidd. 81ᵃ מטא לפלגא (ד)דרגא א׳ when he arrived at half the ladder, he stemmed his feet. ↗ expanded
פָּשַׁט (b. h.) to stretch, straighten. Sabb. I, 1, sq. פ׳ העני את ידו וכ׳ if the recipient puts his hand forth to within (the house). Pes. 118ᵇ, a. e. שפּוֹשְׁטִין, v. פַּס II. Gen. R. s. 28 לא פָשְׁטוּ ידיהם במצות they (the Sodomites) never stretched their hands forth for good deeds (charity); Lam. R. to IV, 6; Yalk. Ez. 351. Ber. 3ᵇ; Snh. 16ᵃ לכו פִשְׁטוּ וכ׳, v. גְּדוּד. Men. I, 2 פושט את אצבעותיו וכ׳ he stretches his fingers so as to reach his wrist. Lev. R. s. 2 פושטין לו יד we must reach forth our hands to him, v. כָּנָף. Keth. XIII, 5 הפוסק … ופ׳ לו את הרגל if a man promises a certain amount to his intended son-in-law, and shows him the foot, i.e. refuses to give it to him; a. v. fr.—Y. R. Hash. III, 58ᵈ top (ref. to פשוט, ib. III, 3) כדי שיִפְשְׁטוּ וכ׳ (or שיְפַשְּׁטוּ, Pi.) (the horn is straight,) intimating that they must straighten their hearts through repentance.—Part. pass. פָּשׁוּט, q. v. to strip; (sub. בגדיו) to undress. Yoma III, 4; 6. Ib. 31ᵇ פּוֹשֵׁט … מקדש he (the high priest) undresses first and then sanctifies (washes his hands and feet). Ib. 32ᵃ כלום אדם פושט אלא וכ׳ can a man put off anything except what he has put on? Tam. I, 1; a. fr.—Part. pass. פָּשׁוּט. Y. Yoma III, 40ᶜ bot. אחת פ׳ ואחת לבוש וכ׳ whether he undresses or dresses, in either case the sanctification follows the act. to make plain, to explain. Num. R. s. 18; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 1 היה יושב ופושט וכ׳ was sitting at the gate of his town and explaining (teaching); (Gen. R. s. 10 ודורש). Ex. R. s. 47 היה למד … ופושט אותה וכ׳ he learned (the Torah) in day-time and explained it to himself at night; a. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Lev. R. s. 16 (ref. to Ps. XXXIV, 13) כל ימי … היכן הוא פ׳ all my days I have read this verse (question), but I never knew where it is answered. (neut. verb) to spread, be published. Hor. 3ᵇ עד שתִּפְשׁוֹט הוראה בכל וכ׳ until the decision is spread (adopted) in the whole congregation of Israel. Ab. Zar. 36ᵃ; a. fr. Pi. פִּישֵּׁטto stretch, straighten out. Y. Snh. III, 21ᵃ bot. התחיל מְפַשֵּׁט וכ׳ (interch. with פישט) he began to put forth his hands and deal in fruits of the Sabbatical year. Tosef. Neg. I, 8 מְפַשְּׁטִין את קומטיו וכ׳ the creases are straightened out, and then the leprous spot is examined; a. e.—Tosef. Nidd. VI, 4, v. infra.—Part. pass. מְפוּשָּׁט. Y. Naz. IX, 57ᵈ רגליו מְפוּשָּׁטוֹת וידו וכ׳ if the corpse is found with its feet stretched and its hands on the heart, opp. קמצוץ. to strip, take off. Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. IV, 17 משיְפַשֵּׁט את חלוקו (not חלוקן) from the time that the coat (the plaster of the stove) is taken off. Nif. נִפְשַׁטto be straightened out, be unfolded, become flat. Kel. XXVI, 2 נ׳ טהור when it (the bag) is straightened out (so as to be a plain piece of leather, v. פָּשׁוּט), it is not susceptible to uncleanness. Tosef. Neg. l. c. כקמוט שנ׳ like a creased garment that has been straightened out; a. e. to be stripped. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XIV נ׳ עור צפורן וכ׳ the horny skin was taken from Adam, and he saw himself naked. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCII, v. infra. Hif. הִפְשִׁיטto strip, flay. Pes. V, 9 כיצד תולין ומַפְשִׁיטִין how did they suspend and flay (the Passover lamb)? Ib. מי … ולהַפְשִׁיט he that could find no place where to suspend and flay. Tam. IV, 2. Pesik. R. s. 28 הִפְשִׁיטוּ את עבדיהם וכ׳ they undressed their men servants and maid servants and presented them &c.; a. fr. to shed the skin. Pirké d’R. El. l. c. שיהא מַפְשִׁיט את עורו וכ׳ that it (the serpent) should shed its skin once in seven years. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCII מן העור שה׳ הנחש וכ׳ ed. Bub. (oth. ed. שנפשט) of the skin which the serpent shed the Lord made garments of honor &c.; Pirké d’R. El. ch. XX; Yalk. Gen. 34. Hof. הוּפְשַׁטto be stripped. Zeb. XI, 3 עד שלא ה׳ before the hide was taken off. Ib. 93ᵇ; a. e. Hithpa. הִתְפַּשֵּׁט,Nithpa. נִתְפַּשֵּׁטto be straightened, become even; to flatten. Ḥag. 9ᵃ חיגר … ונ׳ וכ׳ if he was lame on the first day and became straight &c. Y. Yeb. I, 2ᵈ bot. עד שתִּתְפַּשֵּׁט הכף, v. כַּף; Tosef. Nidd. VI, 4 עד שתְּפַשֵּׁט את וכ׳. B. Bath. 120ᵃ נִתְפַּשְּׁטוּ הקמטין וכ׳ the wrinkles became even, and her beauty returned &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּשַׁטto stretch, stretch forth; to straighten. Targ. Y. Gen. XXII, 10. Ib. XXXVIII, 28. Targ. Prov. XXXI, 19; a. fr.—Ib. XXVI, 18, v. בְּשַׁט.—R. Hash. 26ᵇ כמה דפָשֵׁיט איניש וכ׳ the more man straightens his mind (removes all duplicity, v. preced.), the better it is, opp. כייף bends, humbles.—Part. pass. פָּשִׁיט; f. פְּשִׁיטָא. Targ. Y. Ex. XXVI, 28 (ed. Amst. פַּשִּׁיט). Targ. II Esth. V, 1. to strip, tear, flay. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXIII, 24.—Pes. 113ᵃ פְּשׁוֹט; B. Bath. 110ᵃ, v. נְטַשׁ I. (neut. verb) to be stretched forth, reach out. Y. Peah VIII, end, 21ᵇ ידיה דלא פַשְׁטַן מיתן וכ׳ may these hands which did not reach out to give thee, be cut off. to explain, teach; to deduce. Gen. R. s. 17 הוון יתבין פַּשְטִין וכ׳ he and R. … sat teaching; Lev. R. s. 34. B. Mets. 18ᵇ וקא פשיט רבא דיחזיר and Raba decided that restitution must be made. Kidd. 9ᵇ בתר דבעיא הדר פַּשְׁטָהּ after having raised the question, he met it again himself. Ber. 2ᵇ והדר פשטו לה מברייתא and then they solved the question by deduction from a Boraitha. Hor. 13ᵇ פ׳ גרס ותנא וכ׳ he explained (the subject to himself), and committed it to memory again and again. B. Mets. 90ᵇ פְּשׁוֹט מהא חדא derive from this (Boraitha) one answer to the questions before us. Kidd. 25ᵃ מי בעיתו … ולא פְשִׁיטְנָא לכו did you ever ask me anything that I did not explain to you?; a. fr.—V. פְּשִׁיטָא. ↗ expanded
פְּשָׁטָא (preced.) plain wording; plain sense. Keth. 111ᵇ פְּשָׁטֵיה דקרא במאי כתיב what does the plain text (not homiletically changed) refer to?; Erub. 23ᵇ פשטיה דקרא וכ׳ what is the plain sense (not homiletically forced) of the text?; Kidd. 80ᵇ; a. e.—Y. Snh. I, beg. 18ᵃ פְּשׁוּטֵה דקרייא the plain sense of the text. Y. B. Bath. VIII, 16ᵃ בעי מימר פְשָׁטֵיה וכ׳ (not פנסטה) wanted to give the meaning (of the verse) and could not find it. extension, natural course (of a river). Gitt. 60ᵇ; Ḥull. 18ᵇ; 57ᵃ, v. נְהַר II. ↗ expanded
פְּשִׁיחָא (פְּשַׁח) stripping. Sabb. 109ᵇ אפ׳ דדיקלא (some ed. אפשיחה) on that portion of a date palm which shows the signs of having been stripped. ↗ expanded
פְּשִׁיטָא c. (preced.) explanation, teaching.—Pl. פְּשִׁיטִין. Yalk. Lev. 665 כיון דחסלין מן פְּשִׁיטֵיהוֹן when they had finished their studies; Yalk. Is. 352 מפשוטיהן. plain, self-evident truth; is it not a matter of course? Meg. 3ᵇ, a. fr. פ׳ לי I have no doubt. Y. Pes. VII, 34ᵇ bot. פ׳ דא מילתא וכ׳ this is clear, that &c. Y. Sabb. X, end, 12ᵈ מה דצריכא לר׳ י׳ פ׳ לי׳ וכ׳ what to R. Jeremiah is doubtful, is clear to Isaac ben U. B. Bath. 137ᵃ פ׳ מהו דתימא וכ׳ is not this a matter of course (what need was there to say it)? (Answ.) I might have thought &c. B. Mets. 16ᵃ פ׳ זבנה וכ׳ it is undisputed, if he sold it …, but if he made a present of it (to the robber), there is a difference of opinion &c.; a. v. fr.—Pl. פְּשִׁיטָן. Y. Bets. I, 60ᵇ מילין … פ׳ לכון פ׳ וכ׳ things doubtful to the Rabbis are clear to you; those clear to the Rabbis, are doubtful to you. (fem.) Ps’hiṭa, a small coin. Ḥull. 54ᵇ כפ׳ זוטרתי like a small P.—Pl. פְּשִׁיטֵי. Ib. פ׳ דפומבדיתא the small coins of Pumb’ditha. B. Mets. 16ᵇ פ׳ דספרא the writer’s fee, v. זוּר ch.—Trnsf. flat and round blisters. Gitt. 67ᵇ קאי בישריה פ׳ פ׳ his body was full of blisters. ↗ expanded
פְּשִׁיטָה (פָּשַׁט) stretching forth. Y. Yoma V, 42ᵇ bot. פְּשִׁיטַת יד reaching out with the hand. undressing. Ib. III, 40ᶜ הקיש פ׳ ללבישה draw an analogy between (the high priest’s) taking off and (his) putting on his garments; Bab. ib. 31ᵇ; a. e.—V. לְבִישָׁה. ↗ expanded
פְּשִׁיטוּת (v. פָּשׁוּט) the plain heir’s right, single share. Y. B. Bath. VIII, 16ᵇ top ליטול פ׳ אביו to take the plain share to which his father would have been entitled, opp. כפילות. ↗ expanded
פְּשִׁיטְנָא (פְּשַׁט) a low, spreading plant, fern. Sabb. 110ᵇ ליתי פ׳ וכ׳ Mss. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; ed. פשטינא; Ar. פשישנא) let him take a fern and boil it in wine &c. ↗ expanded
פְּשִׁיעָה (פָּשַׁע) trespass, negligence. Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᶜ bot. תשעים … מתים בפ׳ וכ׳ ninety-nine persons die through their own fault against one through the hands of heaven (a natural death); Lev. R. s. 16.—Esp. negligence in guarding a trust, indictable neglect (Ex. XXII, 8). B. Mets. 94ᵇ אבידה שקרובה לפ׳ losing which comes near to wilful neglect, opp. אונס. Ib. 81ᵃ, a. e. פ׳ בבעלים a loss through carelessness that occurred in the presence of the owner (Ex. l. c. 14). B. Kam. 21ᵇ, a. e. תחלתו בפ׳ וסופו באונס if there was neglect in the start, but the final injury came about through an unforeseen accident; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּשִׁיעוּתָא B. Mets. 42ᵃ אע"ג דלענין גנבי נטירותא … פ׳ היא although this was proper care as regards thieves, it was carelessness as regards fire. Ib. כל לא ידענא פ׳ הוא every ‘I do not know’ (plea of ignorance) is considered an admission of indictable neglect; a. e. ↗ expanded
פָּשַׁל (cmp. פָּתַל) to twist, knot, v. infra. Hif. הִפְשִׁילto knot and fasten. Tosef. Sabb. IV (V), 2 ויַפְשִׁיל את הרצועה תחת זנבו and fasten the strap under its tail; Y. ib. V, 7ᵇ bot.; Bab. ib. 53ᵃ יפשיל Ms. M. (ed. יִפְשׁוֹל). Tosef. ib. VI (VII), 9 אל תַּפְשִׁיל ידך לאחוריך וכ׳ do not twist thy hands on thy back, lest we be prevented from work (a superstitious belief); Yalk. Lev. 587.—Esp. ה׳ לאחוריוto twist or knot a bundle and throw it over one’s shoulder. Succ. 27ᵇ טליתו וכ׳ … ה׳ R. El. tied up his cloak and threw it over his back and went off; Tosef. ib. I, 9 … רגליו וכ׳ ה׳ (read בגדיו, v. infra) R. El. bundled up his garments &c., i.e. went off in an ostentatious manner). Tosef. Ḥull. VIII, 4 [read:] נותנן … ומַפְשִׁילָן לאחוריו he may wrap them up with the peddler’s bundle and strike, and cast them over his shoulder. Men. 85ᵇ ה׳ כליו לאחוריו he tied up his implements and threw them &c. Kil. IX, 5 Y. ed. הצנועים מַפְשִׁילִין לאחוריהן במקל the scrupulous carry (the garments of mixed material, כלאים) in bundles over their shoulders. Y. ib. IX, beg. 31ᵈ (ref. to לא יעלה, Lev. XIX, 19) I might have thought, לא יפשיל את הקופה וכ׳ (not לך) one dare not throw the bundle (containing forbidden garments) over one’s shoulder; Sifré Deut. 232 לא יַפְשִׁילֶנּוּ בקופה וכ׳ (not לקופה); Yalk. Lev. 614 לא יִפְשְׁלֶנּוּ בקופה וכ׳; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 22, end; Yalk. ib. 38 ה׳ דברים לאחוריו וכ׳ he (Cain) threw the words (which he had heard) over his shoulder and went off, i.e. was petulant. Pesik. Shub., p. 160ᵃ יצא כמפשיל דברים וכ׳ he went off like one that casts the words &c.; Lev. R. s. 10 ה׳ בגדיו לאחוריו, v. supra.—Part. pass. מוּפְשָׁל; f. מוּפְשֶׁלֶת. Y. B. Kam. II, 3ᵃ היתה קופתו מ׳ וכ׳ if his bundle (of grain &c.) was hanging over his back &c. Ber. 62ᵇ; a. e. to twist (wicks), (v. פְּתִילָה). Y. Succ. V, 55ᵇ bot. (expl. מפקיעין) מַפְשִׁילִים they make wicks of them, v. פָּקַע. Keth. 75ᵃ הִפְשִׁילָה דדיה וכ׳ she twisted her breasts back of her and gave suck to her child; a. e. ↗ expanded
פָּשַׁע (b. h.) [to pass beyond,] to be wilful, rebellious. Yoma IV, 2 פָּשַׁעְתִּי; ib. VI, 2 פָּשְׁעוּ, v. עָוָה; a. fr.—פּוֹשֵׁעַ a wilful transgressor, rebel, apostate. Gitt. 57ᵃ פ׳ ישראל a Jewish apostate (the censor’s disguise for Jesus). Ib. תא חזי מה בין פּוֹשְׁעֵי ישראל וכ׳ come and see the difference between Jewish apostates and gentile prophets. R. Hash. 17ᵃ פ׳ ישראל בגופן Jewish sinners with their bodies (disregarding the ceremonial laws intended to guard the purity of life); פ׳ אומות העולם בגופן gentile sinners with their bodies (lustful and violent). Midr. Till. to Ps. LI כשאתה אומר לפּוֹשְׁעִים … אם תקבלני כל הפושעים משלימים לך when thou sayest to the sinners, why have you not repented? (they may plead ignorance of thy goodness, but) if thou receivest me, all sinners will make peace with thee; a. fr. to be faithless. Gen. R. s. 52 (ref. to Prov. XVIII, 19) פָּשַׁעְתָּ באברהם thou (Lot) wast faithless to Abraham; Num. R. s. 18 זה קרח שפ׳ בתורה וכ׳ this refers to Korah who was faithless to the Law, which is called ‘strength’; a. fr.—Esp. (with ref. to Ex. XXII, 8) to be negligent in guarding a trust. B. Mets. 36ᵇ פ׳ בה וכ׳ if he was careless in guarding the animal, and it went out &c. Ib. 34ᵃ כיון שאמר פשעתי וכ׳ as soon as he says, ‘I have been at fault’, he surrenders the eventual fine (of the thief) to the owner. Ib. 58ᵃ כי היכי דלא לקרו להו פושעים in order that they may not be called faithless guardians; a. fr.—Ber. 28ᵃ ונקרא פושע and he is called negligent (because he delayed his prayers). Hif. הִפְשִׁיעַto cause to transgress. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Ex. XXII, 8) מדבר באהרן שה׳ ישראל בדיבור לא יהיה it alludes to Aaron who caused Israel to transgress the commandment, ‘thou shalt have no other gods &c.’ (Ex. XX, 3). ↗ expanded
פְּשַׁע Taan. 24ᵃ כל מאן דפ׳ מחשדינא וכ׳ if a child rebels (refuses to study), I bribe him by giving him &c. Gitt. 36ᵃ הוה פָּשַׁע בינוקי he was faithless to (maltreated) the children; Macc. 16ᵇ ↗ expanded
פֶּשַׁעpreced.) rebellion, sin. Gen. R. s. 22 ילפִשְׁעִי, v. סָבַל. Tanḥ. Vayesheb 4 מה פשעי what wrong have I done?; a. e.—Pl. פְּשָׁעִים. Yoma III, 8; IV, 2. Ib. 36ᵇ פ׳ אלו המרדים by p’shaʿim are meant rebellious acts; Y. ib. III, 40ᵈ bot. פִּשְׁעֵיהֶם; Tosef. ib. II, 1; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּשְׁפּוּשׁ (פִּשְׁפֵּשׁ I) investigation. Targ. Y. Lev. XIX, 20 (h. text בקרת). that which has been, or is to be searched out, depth, recess. Targ. Job VIII, 8 (h. text חקר). Ib. XXXVIII, 16; a. e.—Pl. פִּשְׁפּוּשִׁין, פִּי׳. Targ. Ps. XCV, 4. ↗ expanded
פִּשְׁפֵּשׁ [to split, enter into, cmp. בָּדַק) to examine, investigate. Sifré Deut. 306 (ref. to Deut. XXXII, 2) מה שעירים … ומְפַשְׁפְּשִׁין בהם וכ׳ as the rains come down upon the plants and cleanse and permeate them &c.; כן הוי מְפַשְׁפֵּשׁ וכ׳ so do thou enter into the words of the Law &c.; Yalk. ib. 942. Ber. 5ᵃ אם רואה אדם … יְפַשְׁפֵּשׁ במעשיו if man sees that troubles are coming upon him, let him investigate his conduct; אם פ׳ ולא מצא וכ׳ if he has investigated and can find nothing (wrong) &c. Erub. 13ᵇ, v. מִשְׁמֵשׁ. Y. Keth. I, 25ᵃ bot. אם בשפי׳ ומצא וכ׳ if it be a case when he searched and found (tokens of virginity) &c. Ex. R. s. 25 בשר ודם מְפַשְׁפֵּשׁ שטרותיו a human being examines his papers. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 6 חקרתי ושאלתי ופִשְׁפַּשְׁתִּי I searched and inquired and investigated. Tosef. Shek. II, 1 מְפַשְׁפְּשִׁין בו וכ׳ they searched him on entering (the treasury) and on leaving. Tosef. Yeb. XIV, 8 מפשפשין באותה העיר investigation is held in that town. Tosef. Neg. VI, 7 צא ופַשְׁפֵּשׁ בעצמך וכ׳ go and examine thyself (thy conduct) and do repentance; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּשְׁפֵּשׁ 1 Targ. Y. Gen. XXXI, 34 (h. text משש). Ib. 35 (h. text חפש). Targ. Ps. CXXXIX, 1 (h. text חקר); a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 22 אזלין ופַשְׁפְּשׁוּנֵיה they went and searched him; Gen. R. s. 10. Gen. R. s. 49 זיל פַּשְׁפֵּש דינא go and investigate the case. Lam. R. to I, 2 (ref. to Ps. LXXVII, 7) משתצי אנא … ומְפַשְׁפֵּשׁ בעובדי I speak to my heart and investigate my doings; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּשְׁפֵּשׁ 2 (cmp. preced. a. פָּשַׁר) [to divide, spread,] to dissolve. Yalk. Lam. 1000 היו מְפַשְׁפְּשִׁין ונופלין they melted and fell apart. ↗ expanded
פַּשְׁפֵּשׁ 2 (transpos. of שפשף) to rub against, let glide down. Sabb. 154ᵇ דקמְפַשְׁפֵּשׁ ליה וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. דקא משפשף) he let his son glide down the back of an ass (to amuse him). ↗ expanded
פִּשְׁפָּשׁ c. (פִּשְׁפֵּשׁ I) wicket. Midd. I, 7 זה שהיה פתוח לעזרה פ׳ קטן היה לו וכ׳ the gate which opened into the court had a small wicket by which they entered to patrol &c. Tam. I, 3. Ex. R. s. 42 פתח … פ׳ מתחת וכ׳ the Lord opened unto him a wicket under his throne of glory. Num. R. s. 13; Pesik. R. s. 5 נכנס בפ׳ ושילח וכ׳ he entered the palace through a wicket, and sent his crier forth saying, the king has entered the palace. Gitt. 54ᵇ (in Chald. dict.) ורילמא דחזיניה בפ׳ perhaps one saw him (the high priest) through the wicket; a. e.—Pl. פִּשְׁפְּשִׁין, פִּי׳. Shek. VI, 3. Zeb. 56ᵃ; 55ᵇ שני פ׳ היו וכ׳ (Ms. R. 2 פְּשׁוּפְשִׁין, Ms. K. פְּשִׁיפְשִׁין, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 80) two wickets, eight handbreadths high, were in the Temple chamber for the knives; Tosef. ib. VII, 1 פסיפסין ed. Zuck. (Var. פסיפיסין, corr. acc.). Zeb. l. c. פִּישְׁפִּישִׁין שאני it was different as regards the height of wickets. Gen. R. s. 1; Yalk. ib. 2 היאך הוא עושה חדרים … פ׳ how to arrange the chambers, how to arrange the wickets (doors between the rooms). ↗ expanded
פִּשְׁפָּשׁ 2 (פִּשְׁפֵּשׁ I, cmp. בַּקָּא) [searcher,] bed-bug. Ter. VIII, 2. Nidd. 58ᵇ. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᶜ bot., v. עֲלוּקָה. ↗ expanded
פִּשְׁפָּשׁ 3 (פִּשְׁפֵּשׁ II) melting, dissolving. Yalk. Lam. 1000 (ref. to למס, Lam. I, 1) אין לשון מס אלא לשון פ׳ וכ׳mas means melting, as we read (Ex. XVI, 21) &c. ↗ expanded
פָּשַׁר [to divide, to spread,] to melt, dissolve. Mekh. B’shall., Vayassʿa, s. 4 (expl. ונמס, Ex. XVI, 21, cmp. פִּשְׁפָּשׁ III) כיון … היה פוֹשֵׁר והולך וכ׳ when the sun shone upon it (the manna), it melted and formed rivulets which ran &c. to be stale, tepid. Tanḥ. Vayesheb 4 כוס פשור (prob. to be read פּוֹשֵׁר) a cup of wine mixed with stale water. Sifra M’tsorʿa, ch. I מים פושרים stale water (from pools), opp. מים חיים. Par. VIII, 9 (מים) המלוחים והפּוֹשְׁרִים salty water and pool water.—In gen. פּוֹשְׁרִים, פּוֹשְׁרִין (sub. מים) tepid liquids. Y. Sabb. XX, 17ᶜ bot., opp. צונין. Gen. R. s. 86 when his master said to him מזוג פ׳ והיו פ׳ mix the wine with tepid water, it was tepid, opp. רותחין. Ber. 16ᵇ; Y. ib. II, 5ᵇ bot.; v. כָּוָה. Y. Nidd. II, beg. 50ᶜ; a. fr.—[Y. Keth. X, end, 34ᵃ, v. Pi.—Yalk. Gen. 38 ופשרתי, v. NithpaHif. הִפְשִׁירto make tepid; to temper, cool. Sabb. 40ᵇ מפני שמַפְשִׁיר מים שעליו because (by standing against the fire after a cold bath) he tempers (warms) the water on his body. Ib. III, 5 (41ᵃ, sq.) כדי להַפְשִׁירָן enough to temper the cold water, opp. בשביל שיחמו to get hot. Y. ib. III, 6ᵇ top מותר להַפְשִׁיר במקום שהיד שולטת you may temper (cold water, on the Sabbath) by contact with a temperature which the hand can endure. Lev. R. s. 26 (ref. to Ez. X, 7) הִפְשִׁירָן ונתנן וכ׳ he lowered the temperature of the coals and handed them to him; Yalk. Kings 220; Tanḥ. Emor 3; Midr. Sam. ch. XXIV (Yoma 77ᵃ נצטננו). Pesik. R. s. 12 (ref. to קָרְךָ, Deut. XXV, 18) אשר קֵירְךָ הִפְשִׁירְךָ וכ׳ ‘who cooled thee’, he (Amalek) made thee lukewarm, he made thee cold like water (so that others were encouraged to attack thee); a. fr. (v. פְּשָׁרָה) to compromise. Y. Sot. V, 20ᶜ bot. אברהם עשה … וה׳ עמו וכרות עמו וכ׳ Abraham changed the evil inclination within him into good …, he compromised with it, (as we read, Neh. IX, 8,) and he made a covenant with it (his heart); Y. Ber. IX, 14ᵇ bot. והפסיד אלא (corr. acc.).—Tosef. Erub. XI (VIII), 11, v. infra. Nif. נִפְשַׁרto be dissolved; to be tempered. B. Kam. 28ᵇ אפי׳ נִפְשָׁרָה even if the vessel fell apart (and its contents made the ground slippery). Sabb. 40ᵇ לא בשביל שיבשל … שיִפָּשֵׁר not that it (the oil) be heated to boiling, but only that it be tempered (or be made more liquid). Pi. פִּישֵּׁרto separate, tear loose, disengage. Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 1 את מְפַשֵּׁר אותה וכ׳ thou disengagest it (the thorn sticking to thy garments) here, and it sticks there; Pesik. R. s. 10 beg. והוא מפשר אותה וכ׳ (not אותם). Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ bot. מְפַשְּׁרָן וכ׳ he may pick them (the thorns) out, … provided he does not tear the garment; Tosef. Erub. XI (VIII), 11 מפשר בידו Var. (ed. Zuck. מפשיר). Pesik. R. s. 13 עמד ופִשְּׁרוֹ הימנו he stood up and tore it (the dog) away from him. Ib. זכור היאך פִּישַּׁרְתִּי הימך וכ׳ remember how I tore the dog away from thee; a. e. to temper. Lam. R. to I, 12 יום אחד היה חרון … פִּשְּׁרוֹ the glowing wrath of the Lord lasted one day; if Israel had repented, he would have cooled it off. to compromise, arbitrate. Y. B. Mets. VI, 11ᵃ top באותו שיכול לפַשֵּׁר in a case of seizure for service (אנגריא), when he might have compromised (pay a certain amount and release the seized animal). Y. Snh. I, 18ᵇ bot. שנים שפִּישְּׁרוּ וכ׳ when two judges have arbitrated, the parties cannot retract. Y. Keth. X, end, 34ᵃ [read:] פי׳ מן השני חזקה וכ׳ if he compromised with the second creditor, it is taken for granted that the first creditor has a right to seize the debtor’s property (without regard to the claims of the second); פי׳ מן הראשון … פי׳ if he compromised with the first creditor …, he has compromised (the compromise is binding, and the second creditor cannot seize that portion of the property which the first would have had a right to claim, v. Asheri to Keth. 91ᵇ). Nithpa. נִתְפַּשֵּׁרto be disentangled; trnsf. to be acquitted, pardoned. Gen. R. s. 22 עשיתי תשובה ונִתְפַּשַּׁרְתִּי I repented and was pardoned; Lev. R. s. 10; Midr. Till. to Ps. C; Yalk. Gen. 38 ופשרתי (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
פְּשַׁר 1to melt, be dissolved. Targ. O. Ex. XVI, 21.—Trnsf. (of a charm) to vanish, be broken. Snh. 67ᵇ כי מטא לאשקויי מייא פ׳ וכ׳ when he came (to a river) to let the ass drink, it disappeared (the charm was broken), and there stood a landing board (v. אוּסְקָנִיתָא). [to dissolve,] to chew the cud. Targ. Y. Lev. XI, 7. Targ. Deut. XIV, 8. to solve a riddle or a dream; to interpret. Targ. Gen. XL, 16. Ib. XLI, 12; a. fr. (in O. ed. Berl. interch. with Pa.).—Lam. R. to I, 1 דלמא דאתון (חדא איתתא) רבתי חכימין למִיפְשַׁר חלמא וכ׳ do you understand how to interpret a dream which I had as well as your master?; a. e. Pa. פַּשֵּׁרto disengage, tear loose. Pesik. Shek., p. 11ᵃ דאת מְפַשֵּׁר לה וכ׳ (not ליה) which thou makest loose here &c., v. preced. a. סִירְתָּא; Yalk. Prov. 953; Yalk. Ex. 386.—Snh. l. c. פַּשְּׁרָה לה (Ms. K. פַּשַּׁרְתָּהּ) she released (disenchanted) her. to solve (a riddle), interpret (a dream). Targ. O. Gen. XLI, 15 וּמְפַשַּׁר ed. Berl. (ed. Amst. לְמִפְשַׁר). Ib. XL, 16; a. fr. (v. supra).—Targ. Cant. II, 5 (some ed. מַפְשַׁרAf.).—Yoma 28ᵇ הוא חלים והוא מפשר did he dream and himself interpret?, i.e. did he answer his own query? Ber. 56ᵃ מפשר חלמי הוה was an interpreter of dreams; ib. מפשר ליה וכ׳, v. גְּרִיעוּתָא. Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 1) חד … עביד נפשיה מפשר חלמין a certain Samaritan professed to be an interpreter of dreams; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְפַשַּׁר. Ber. 55ᵇ חלמא דלא מפ׳ וכ׳ a dream not interpreted is like a letter not read (has no effect). to release, settle with. Y. Keth. X, end, 34ᵃ [read as Asheri to Keth. 91ᵇ:] קום פַּשֵּׁר (or פַּשְּׁרִין) rise and settle with me; יכיל מומר ליה פַּשְּׁרִין ואי טרף טרף he may say to him, settle with me, and if he (the prior creditor) should seize (what you give me in settlement), he may seize it. Pesik. Shub., p. 164ᵇ פשר פריטך settle thy account; a. e. Ithpa. אִתְפַּשִּׁרto be released. Ib. עד זמן דמִתְפַּשּׁר פריטוי until he has redeemed his debt; וכיון דנתפשר וכ׳ (read: דאתפשר) and when his account was settled (v. סְפַן). ↗ expanded
פַּשַּׁר (preced.) interpreter. Targ. O. Gen. XL, 8 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. פָּשַׁר). Ib. XLI, 15. ↗ expanded
פְּשָׁרָה (פָּשַׁר) [division, cmp. בָּצַע,] compromise, settlement (cmp. Samar. פשרונה for משפט, Ex. XXI, 1, a. fr.]. Keth. X, 6 עד שיעשו פ׳ ביניהם until they agree to a division among them. Tosef. Snh. I, 2 כשם שהדין … כך הפ׳ בשלשה as three judges are required for legal judgment, so are three required for arbitration; Bab. ib. 5ᵇ ופ׳ בשנים a compromise is valid if made before two judges. Ib. שנים שעשו פ׳ וכ׳ when two judges have arbitrated, the parties cannot retract (v. פָּשַׁר). Y. ib. I, 18ᵇ, v. הַכְרָעָה. Ber. 10ᵃ; a. fr.—Sifré Num. 95 פ׳ היא זו וכ׳ this is to be a compromise (between God and ourselves), he cannot give us what we demand. ↗ expanded
פִּשְׁתִּים pl. (used as sing. f.; b. h. also פֵּשֶׁת a. פִּשְׁתָּה; פשת, cmp. פוש, to spread; cmp. בּוּץ) flax, linen. Kil. IX, 1 אין אסור … אלא צמר ופ׳ no mixed web is forbidden as Kilayim, except wool and flax. Sabb. 27ᵃ. Men. 39ᵇ. Y. Kil. IX, beg. 31ᵈ (ref. to Lev. XIII, 47) מה פ׳ כברייתה וכ׳ as by ‘flax’ the material in its natural color is meant, so ‘wool’ is meant &c.; Sifra Thazr., Neg., Par. 5, ch. XIII מה פ׳ כברייתו; a. fr. (interch. with next w.). ↗ expanded
פִּשְׁתָּן f. same. Kil. IX, 1. Y. ib. 31ᵈ מה פ׳ כברייתה, v. preced. Ib. פ׳ של ים (Maim. to Kil. IX, 1 פשתים) seaflax (tangle). Kel. XVI, 6 עושי פ׳ workers in flax. Sifra Thazr., Neg., Par. 5, ch. XIII אונים של פ׳, v. אוּנִין. Ib. ch. XV, אניצי פ׳, v. אָנִיץ. Gen. R. s. 32; Cant. R. to II, 16 פשתני זה כשפִּשְׁתָּנוֹ קשה וכ׳ when his flax is hard, the flax-worker does not beat it too much וכשפשתנו יפה וכ׳ but when his flax is good, the more he beats it, the better it grows; so the Lord tries not the wicked &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פִּשְׁתָּנִי (preced.) flax-worker, dealer in flax. Y. Yeb. XIII, 13ᶜ. Gen. R. s. 32, a. e., v. preced.↗ expanded
פתtwo. Snh. 4ᵇ פת באפריקי שתים pth in Afriḳi means two; Men. 34ᵇ; Zeb. 37ᵇ ↗ expanded
פַּת c. (b. h.; a piece of bread, in gen. bread, food, sustenance. B. Mets. 107ᵇ פת שחרית breakfast. Ib. (ref. to Ex. XXIII, 25) זו פת במלח וכ׳ that is the morning bread with salt and a ladleful of water. Ab. Zar. II, 6 והפת והשמן שלהן their (the gentiles’) bread and oil; ib. 36ᵃ פִּיתָּן ושמנן. Yoma 74ᵇ, v. סַל. Hor. 13ᵇ פת שלא בשל וכ׳ bread not sufficiently cooked (baked). Ib. פת פחמין bread baked on coals. Gen. R. s. 67 פִּיתְּךָ אפויה, v. אָפָה; a. fr.—[פת כומרין, v. פַּתְכּוּמְרִין.]—Pl. פִּתִּים, פִּתִּין, פִּי׳pieces. Men. III, 2 או שפתתן פ׳ מרובות or if he broke them in too many (small) pieces; ib. 18ᵇ מאי פ׳ מרובות שריבה בפתיתין ‘many pieces’ means that he parted the pieces repeatedly; Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Par. 10, ch. XII (ref. to Lev. II, 6) אותה לפ׳ ואין פִּתֶּיהָ לפ׳ thou shalt part it in pieces, but not its pieces again in pieces; Yalk. Lev. 450, v. פָּתִית. ↗ expanded
פִּתְאוֹם adv. (b. h.; unawares, suddenly. Nidd. 16ᵇ הנכנס לבית חבירו פ׳ who enters his neighbor’s house without notice. Ib. ארבעה … והנכנס לביתו פ׳ וכ׳ four the Lord hates, and I do not love: him who enters his own house suddenly (after a long absence), not to speak of him who enters his neighbor’s house &c.; Lev. R. s. 21; Yalk. Ex. 382; Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 177ᵃ. Ib.; Lev. R. l. c. אל תכנס לעיר פ׳ do not enter a city (in official capacity) without notice. Num. R. s. 10 (ref. to בפתע פתאם, Num. VI, 9) בפ׳ זה שוגג … פ׳ זה אונסb’fethʿa means unintentionally, as in Num. XXXV, 22, pithom means an unavoidable accident; דבר אחר פ׳ זה מזיד וכ׳ another explanation: pithom means in heat (being carried away by passion, as פתאים (Prov. XXII, 3). Num. R. s. 16 אני משלח להם מלאכי פ׳ I will send them my messenger suddenly (by surprise); a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּתְגָּםdecree; word; affair, event (= h. דָּבָר). Targ. Num. XXI, 24, a. fr. (כפ׳) לפ׳ דחרב according to the law of war (h. text לפי).—Targ. Is. VIII, 10. Ib. IX, 7. Targ. Deut. XXIV, 1 עֲבֵרַת פ׳ (h. text ערות דבר). Targ. Gen. XX, 10; a. fr.—Pl. פִּתְגָּמִין, פִּתְגָּמַיָּא. Targ. O. Ex. XXXIV, 27; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּתוּאֵל (b. h.) pr. n. m. Pethuel, father of the prophet Joel. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXX; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּתוּגְתָּא (פתג) P’thugta (Division, cmp. פְּלוּגְתָּא II), a place in Galilee. Lev. R. s. 5 מפ׳ שהיה יינם מפׄתׄה את הגׄוף וכ׳ they got their wine from P., for their wine opened the body to lust, v. פָּתָה; Num. R. s. 10 פַּתְגִּיתָא (some ed. פַּתְגּוּ׳); Yalk. Am. 545. ↗ expanded
פָּתוּחַ (פָּתַח) opening, open top. Sifré Num. 126 (ref. to פתוח, Num. XIX, 15) כלי … דרך פְּתוּחוֹ a vessel that receives uncleanness through its open top; ib. על פתוחו אמרתי וכ׳ I speak (the text speaks) only of the open top (inside), but not of the entire vessel; (Yalk. Num. 762 פִּתְחוֹ).—[Ib. פ׳ זה העורף, read: פָּתִיל.] ↗ expanded
פָּתוֹר (פתר to extend, cmp. Assyr. paššaru dish, v. Fränkel, Lexicogr. p. 53) table. Targ. Ex. XXV, 23; a. fr.—Targ. Prov. IX, 2 פתורת׳.—Targ. Y. Gen. XXIII, 16 פָּתוֹר (ed. Vien. פְּ׳) money-changer’s table.—Sabb. 36ᵃ פתורה פתורתא פתורתא פתורה what formerly was called pathora (a small table, plate) is now called pathorta, and vice versa. Taan. 25ᵃ פ׳ דדהבא (Ms. M. תכא) a golden table. Sabb. 129ᵃ, v. יוֹנָס; a. fr.—B. Kam. 19ᵇ bot. בבהמה ופ׳ it means a domestic animal eating from the table, v. פְּתִיתָה.—Pl. פָּתוֹרִין, פָּתוֹרַיָּא. Targ. Is. XXI, 5. Targ. Ez. XL, 43; a. e.—Nidd. 20ᵃ הא בפָתוֹרֵי (some ed. sing.) ‘dark clothes coming from abroad’ refers to those worn at the table (vestes cenatoriae or synthesis), v. אוֹלָרִין. ↗ expanded
פָּתוֹר ² (פְּתַר) interpreter. Koh. R. to X, 10 פ׳ חילמיא interpreter of dreams. ↗ expanded
פָּתַח (b. h.) to open, begin. Y. Ber. VI, end, 10ᵈ על כל … שהיה פוֹתֵהַ וכ׳ over each cask as he opened it he said the benediction &c. Sabb. 104ᵃ, a. e. פּוֹתְחִין לו (Var. פְּתָחִין), v. טָמֵא I. Ib. 48ᵃ מתירין … אבל לא פותחין you may untie the neck-hole of a shirt, but not cut it open (on the Sabbath). Y. Taan. I, 64ᵇ top (ref. to Is. XLV, 8) כנקבה … פוֹתַחַת וכ׳ like the female that opens for the male. Ned. III, 4 לא יִפְתַּח לו בנדר he must not begin (offer his willingness) to make a vow (in order to escape robbery &c., v. נָדַר); a. v. fr.—Part. pass. פָּתוּחַ; פְּתוּחָה; pl. פְּתוּחִים, פְּתוּחִין; פְּתוּחוֹת. Yeb. 71ᵇ, a. e. נסתם הפ׳, v. סָתַם. Snh. 94ᵃ, v. סָתַם (v. מנצפ"ך). Meg. 3ᵃ, פ׳ באמצע, v. סָתַם. Erub. IV, 6 שלש חצירות הפ׳ זו לזו ופ׳ וכ׳ three courts opening into (communicating with) one another and into the publicroad; a. v. fr.—פתח פתוח, v. פֶּתַח.—Esp. (פרשה) פְּתוּחָהa paragraph in the Torah beginning with a new, indented line, opp. סתומה. Treat. Sof’rim I, 14 איזהו פ׳ כל שלא וכ׳ what is an open paragraph? Such as does not begin at the beginning of a line, וכמה … ותהא נקראת פ׳ and how much space must one leave … for a paragraph to be called open?; a. fr.—Trnsf. [to open the door to,] to introduce (into learning). Y. M. Kat. III, 83ᵇ top איזהו רבו כל שפ׳ לו תחלה who is called one’s (special) teacher? He who was the first to initiate him; a. e.—Esp. to open an opportunity for retracting a vow, to suggest reasons which, if known at the time, would have prevented the person from making the vow, v. חֲרָטָה. Ned. IX, 1 פותחין לאדם בכבוך וכ׳ the judges offer suggestions taken from the respect due to parents (saying, if you had known that this vow cast a reflection on your father &c.). Ib. רִפְתְּחוּ לו בכבוד המקום why not suggest to him the reverence due to the Lord (‘if you had known that he who makes a vow is considered an evil-doer &c.’)? Ib. 4 פותחין לו מן הכתוב וכ׳ we offer suggestions to him from what is written in the Law, saying to him, if you had known that (in fulfilling that vow) you would transgress the law forbidding revenge &c.; a. fr.—B. Kam. 27ᵃ פ׳ בכד וסיים בחבית the Mishnah begins with kad and closes with ḥabith! Ber. 10ᵃ פ׳ בה באשרי וכ׳, v. סוּם I h. Gen. R. s. 84 אתה פָתַחְתָּ תחלה בהצלת וכ׳ thou wast the first man to speak of saving life; אתה פתחת בתשובה וכ׳ thou wast the first to do repentance, … one of thy descendants shall rise and be the first (prophet) to call for repentance; a. fr.—Esp. to open a lecture with a (Biblical) text. Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 170ᵃ ר׳ לוי פ׳ וכ׳ R. Levi took up the text (Ps. LXXV, 5) &c. Gen. R. s. 1; a. v. fr.—Pesik. R. s. 33 [an editorial gloss] פ׳ בכל אלו הפרשיות the author takes his texts from all those (quoted) passages. to explain, speak plainly. Shek. V, 1; Men. 65ᵃ (ref. to פתחיה as identical with מרדכי) he was named Pethahia, שהיה פותח דברים ודורשן וכ׳ (not בדברים) because he explained words and interpreted them (etymologically) and knew seventy languages.—Part. pass. as ab. Sifré Aḥăré, beg., v. סָתַם. Nif. נִפְתַּחto be opened. Yeb. 71ᵇ, a. e., v. סָתַם. R. Hash. 16ᵇ שלשה … נִפְתָּחִין בר"ה three books are opened (for recording) on the New Year’s Day. B. Bath. 125ᵇ, v. סוּם I, Nithpa. Pesik. R. l. c. להִיפָּתֵחַ to have one’s bowels opened, v. פְּסִיעָה; a. fr.—Ib. [editorial gloss] ונ׳ עוד שם בפרשת וכ׳ and furthermore this section (Is. LXI, 1) was used as the opening text; a. fr.—Esp. to have one’s eyes opened, to become seeing. Pesik. R. s. 42 כשילדה שדה כל סומא … נ׳ when Sarah gave birth, every blind person in the world was restored to sight; a. e. Pi. פִּיתֵּחַto open. Ib. פי׳ הפילקיות he opened the prisons. Par. III, 8 ועושין … ומְפַתְּחִין בה חלונות they piled wood in the shape of a tower and opened windows in it. Zeb. 88ᵇ רימונים שלא פִיתְּחוּ פיהן (Ms. K. a. R. 2 נִפְתְּחוּ; Ms. R. 1 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5) pomegranates which have not yet burst open; a. e. to engrave. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 43ᵇ bot פי׳ בה פיתוחים if he cut designs into it. to dig, break ground. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXVIII; Gen. R. s. 76 כשיצמד … יְפַתְּחוּ וישדדו וכ׳ when an ox and a cow are harnessed together, they will break and harrow all valleys. Hithpa. הִתְפַּתֵּחַ,Nithpa. נִתְפַּתֵּחַto be opened, v. supra. Pesik. R. s. 31 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ בדם they (their cavities) were opened with (discharged) blood; a. e. to be cut into, graven. Tosef. Sot. XV, 1; Y. ib. IX, 24ᵇ וכיון … היו מִתְפַּתְּחוֹת לפניו וכ׳ and when they let it (the Shamir, v. שָׁמִיר) look at the stones, they were engraven before it like the (wax-covered) tablets &c.—[Y. Kil. VII, beg. 30ᵈ מתפתחת R. S. to Kil. VIII, 1, v. פִּתְפֵּת.] ↗ expanded
פְּתַח Targ. Deut. XV, 11. Targ. Is. XIV, 17; a. fr.—Part. pass. פְּתִיחַ; f. פְּתִיחָא; pl. פְּתִיחִין, פְּתִיחַיָּא; פְּתִיחָןa) open. Targ. Num. XIX, 15. Targ. Josh. VIII, 17; a. fr.—b) seeing, v. פְּתִיהַ.—Taan. 24ᵃ אתיא למִיפְתַּח … ולא מִיפְּתַח וכ׳ she came to open the door …, but it could not be opened on account of the wheat pressing against it. Gitt. 69ᵇ לִיפְתַּה הביתא וכ׳ let him open a keg of wine &c. B. Kam. 112ᵇ כגון דפָתְחוּ ליה בדיניה וכ׳ when they (the court) have opened his case (written a warrant, v. פְּתִיחָא II) and sent for him. Ned. 28ᵃ מיפתח הוא דלא יפתח וכ׳ he dare not offer to make oath (in order to escape robbery &c.), but make a vow, he may. Num. R. s. 9 תרעא דלא פתיח וכ׳, v. אָסֵי; a. fr.—Ned. 22ᵃ אע"ג דפ׳ … אנן לא פַתְחִינָן וכ׳ although R. Y. offered such a suggestion for retracting a vow, we must not do so; ולא פתחינן בהדא וכ׳ nor do we offer that other suggestion &c.; a. e. Af. אַפְתַּחsame. Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי, beg. א׳ ליה ביתיה וכ׳ he opened his house to him, and he entered. Pa. פַּתַּחsame. Targ. Is. XLV, 1. Ib. XLII, 7.—Part. pass. מְפַתַּחopen-eyed, able to see. Lev. R. s. 22 חד סמי וחד מפ׳ (Koh. R. to V, 8 פתיח) one was blind, and the other could see. Ithpa. אִתְפַּתַּח,Ithpe. אִתְפְּתַח, אִיפְּ׳to be opened; to be released. Targ. O. Gen. III, 5; 7. Targ. Job XII, 14; a. fr.—Gitt. 69ᵃ bot. לאִיפַּתּוּחֵי וכ׳ (Rashi לפתיחי, read: לפַתּוּחֵיPa.) that the boil may open, let somebody blow &c. Ib.ᵇ, v. צְפִירְתָּא; Pes. 42ᵇ; a. e.—Esp. to be restored to sight. Lev. R. l. c. דין דהוה סמי א׳ וכ׳ he who was blind recovered sight &c., v. סְמֵי; Koh. R. l. c. Ib. אִיתְפַּתְּחַת the she-ass recovered &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded
פַּתָּח (פָּתַח Pi.engraver. Pl. פַּתָּחִים. Y. Shek. IV, 48ᵃ top פַּתָּחֵי אבנים (Ms. M. מְפַתְּחֵי) stone engravers. ↗ expanded
פֶּתַחopening, door, gate. Keth. IV, 3 (ref. to Deut. XXII, 21) אין לה לא פ׳ בית האב וכ׳ if she (the faithless betrothed) has no paternal house door. Y. Sabb. VII, 9ᶜ top ניכר הוא … על פִּיתְחָהּ של תירה it can be seen that this man has never passed the gate of the Law (never studied). Koh. R. to III, 11 זה הפ׳ פתוח עד התהום this gate (verse used as introductory text, v. פָּתַח) opens to the deep, i.e. leads to deep reflection. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to פתח עינים, Gen. XXXVIII, 14) תלה עיניה בפ׳ שכל העינים וכ׳ she lifted up her eyes to the gate to which all eyes are directed (she prayed to the Lord). Gen. R. s. 38 פתח … פ׳ של תשובה the Lord opened to them the gate of repentance; a. fr.—Euphem. פ׳ פָּתוּחַabsence of virginity Keth. 9ᵇ טענת פ׳ פ׳, contrad. to טענת דמים, v. דָּם. Ib. 9ᵃ ופ׳ פ׳ כשני עדים דמי and the husband’s statement that lie found ‘the gate open’ is like a statement of two witnesses (to make her forbidden to him as a faithless betrothed); a. fr.—Trnsf. a) an opening for retracting a vow, a suggestion, v. פָּתַח. Gen. R. s. 91 למאה … מצא להם פ׳ for one hundred and fifty Nazarites he found causes for absolution; a. fr.—b) the starting time of menstruation. Arakh. II, 1 אין פ׳ בטועה וכ׳ for a woman that has lost the account of a prolonged flux, there is no new starting point within either less than seven or more than seventeen days. Ib. 8ᵃ פִּתְחָהּ שבעה עשר her sure starting point is after seventeen days; a. fr.—Pl. פְּתָחִים, פְּתָחִין. B. Bath. IX, 1 ישאלו על הפ׳ let them go begging at the doors; Keth. XIII, 3 יחזרו על הפ׳. Cant. R. to V, 2 פתחו לי פתח … ואני פותח לכם פ׳ וכ׳ make for me one opening for return as wide as the point of a needle, and I shall open for you gates through which wagons and coaches can pass; a. fr.—Ab. III, 18 פִּתְחֵי נדה the calculations concerning starting points of menstruants (v. supra). ↗ expanded
פִּתְחָא Targ. Ez. XL, 38. Targ. I Chr. XVII, 25 פ׳ דפומא opening of the mouth, courage to speak; a. fr.—Snh. 110ᵃ (ref. to Num. XVI, 30) לקרובי פ׳ the creation consisted only in bringing the gate (of Gehenna) nearer.—Meg. 10ᵇ, sq., פתח לה פ׳ להאי וכ׳ took his opening text for this (Purim) lesson from here. Ex. R. s. 1 פתחין פ׳ להאי קרא took as text the following verse; a. fr.—Ned. 22ᵇ פתח פ׳ לנפשיה offered himself a reason for absolution from his vow. ↗ expanded
פִּתְחוֹן constr. (b. h.; פ׳ פֶּה opening of the mouth, point of attack, fault-finding; excuse for wrong-doing. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., ch. II, Par. 2 שלא ליתן פ׳ פה למינין לרדות in order not to give heretics (believers in plurality) occasion for rebellion. Gen. R. s. 8 בכל מקום שאתה מוצא פ׳ פה וכ׳ wherever (in the Scriptural text) there is an opportunity for heretics (to find pluralistic allusions), you will find the refutation next to it. Ib. (ref. to נעשה, Gen. I, 26) Moses said, Lord of the world, מפני מה אתה נותן פ׳ פה למינים why wilt thou furnish a point of attack to heretics? Lev. R. s. 20; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּתַחְיָה (b. h.) Pethahia, name of a priest (and a priestly family) during the days of the Second Temple. Shek. V, 1 פ׳ על הקינין P. had the supervision of the sacrificial birds. Ib. פ׳ זה מרדכי P. is the same as Mordecai, v. פָּתַח; Men. 65ᵃ ↗ expanded
פתי [to be open, wide,] to be accessible to influences, be compliant. Ex. R. s. 21 (ref. to Hos. VII, 11) אצלי הם כיונה פוֹתָה וכ׳ towards me they are like a tame dove, whatever I decree over them, they do and obey, but towards the nations of the world they are intractable like wild beasts. to open; trnsf. to influence, persuade, entice. Snh. 38ᵃ (play on מי פתי Prov. IX, 16) מי פְּתָאוֹ לזה וכ׳ who persuaded this man (Adam)? A woman spoke to him; (differ. in Yalk. Prov. 943).—[Num. R. s. 7 ופותין, read: ופוֹתְתִין, v. פָּתַת.] Pi. פִּיתָּה [to open the heart of,] to persuade; (in a good sense) to win, conquer. Lev. R. s. 29 (ref. to Ps. LXXXIX, 16) שהם מכירין לפַתּוֹת וכ׳ they know how to win the favor of their Creator &c.; (Midr. Till. to Ps. 81 לרצות); Yalk. Ps. 840; Pesik. Baḥod., p. 152ᵃ. Y. Kidd. III, 64ᶜ top מְפַתִּים אותו … וכופין וכ׳ they (the court) persuade him to give her a letter of divorce, but they force him to &c.; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 71 פיתיתי, v. infra. to gratify; to mislead by gratifying; to deceive. Lev. R. s. 6, beg. (ref. to יהפתית, Prov. XXIV, 28) מאחר שפִּתִּיתֶם אותו בסיני וכ׳ after you gratified him at Sinai, saying (Ex. XXIV, 7) &c. Ib. מאחר שפִּתִּיתָ בשפתיך וכ׳ after thou hast gratified with thy lips (promised to appear as witness) and caused him to go to law; a. e.—Deut. R. s. 7 (play on ובמׄופׄתׄים, Deut. IV, 34) היו המכות מְ֗פַ֗תּ֗וֹת אותם וכ׳ the plagues (by coming at intervals) deceived them (made the Egyptians believe every time that they were relieved forever); Midr. Till, to Ps. LXXVIII, 43 מפיתית בהן ed. Bub. (oth. ed. שפותות בהן; corr. acc.). to entice. Y. Snh. X, 28ᵈ the strong Moabite wine שהוא מְפַתֶּה הגנף לזנות which opens the body to lust; Num. R. s. 10, a. e., v. פְּתוּגְתָּא; a. fr.—Esp. to seduce. Keth. III, 9 (41ᵃ) האומר פִּיתֵּיתִי את וכ׳ if one declares, I have seduced that man’s daughter. Ib. 4 המְפַתֶּה נותן the seducer pays three fines, opp. to אונס; a. fr.—Y. Keth. III, 27ᵇ שהפיתתו, read: שהיא פִיתְּתוֹ when she seduced him. Pu. פּוּתָּהto be persuaded; to be seduced. Gen. R. s. 71; Yalk. ib. 127 פּוּתֵּיתִי (not פית׳), v. יָסַת.—Part. f. מְפוּתָּהa seduced woman. Keth. 39ᵇ; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְפַּתֶּה,Nithpa. נִתְפַּתֶּהto be widened. Yalk. Is. 302 אף היא מִתְפַּתָּה … ומרחבת וכ׳ it (Gehenna), too, grows every day wider and broader and deeper (with ref. to תפתה, Is. XXX, 33). to be persuaded; to be enticed. Gen. R. s. 17 מפני מה האיש נוח להִתְפַּתּוֹת וכ׳ why is man easily appeased and woman is not?; v. פִּיּוּס.—Num. R. l. c. ע"י היין נִתְפַּתּוּ וזנו through wine they were enticed and they committed whoredom. Erub. 19ᵃ (play on תפתה, v. supra) כל המִתְפַּתֶּה ביצרו יפול שם whosoever is carried away by his evil desire falls into it (Gehenna). Yalk. Is. l. c.—Keth. IV, 1 נערה שנִתְפַּתְּתָה וכ׳ if a young girl has been seduced (v. נַעֲרָה); a. fr. to insinuate one’s self, to make one’s self popular. Esth. R. introd. (play on אפׄתׄם, Ezra IV, 13) אפי׳ דברים שהמלכות מִתְפַּתָּה בהם וכ׳ even with those things by which the (Roman) government makes itself popular, as theatres and circuses, it does harm. ↗ expanded
פְּתֵי 1 , to be wide, open. Targ. Is. LX, 5 (h. text רחב).—Part. (פָּאתֵי) פָּתֵי; f. פַּתְיָא; pl. פַּתְיָן, פַּתְיָין. Targ. Ps. CIV, 25 פְּתֵי constr. (some ed. פָּא׳; ed. Lag. פתאי, corr. acc.). Targ. Y. Gen. XXXIV, 21 פַּתְיית constr. Targ. Jer. LI, 58. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 96. Ib. XXV, 17; a. e. Af. אַפְתֵּיto widen. Targ. O. Gen. IX, 27 יַפְתֵּי (some ed. יַפְתְּ). Targ. Ex. XXXIV, 24. Targ. Deut. XII, 20; a. fr. Pa. פַּתֵּיto persuade, seduce. Targ. Prov. VII, 21 תְּפַתֵּיה (some ed. תְּפאתְיֵה). ↗ expanded
פְּתֵי 2 constr. (preced.) widening, פ׳ ירכא (cmp. patella) knee-pan. Targ. Gen. XXXII, 26 (Y. II כף); ib. 33. width, distance. Ḥull. 139ᵇ שיתסר דרי בפ׳ מילא sixteen rows, each extending over one mile. פ׳ רמשא, v. אַפְתָּא II↗ expanded
פֶּתִיone easily persuaded, credulous; inexperienced, simple; fool. Midr. Prov. to I, 4 אמר שלמה פ׳ הייתי וכ׳ Solomon says, I was simple, and the Lord has &c. Ex. R. s. 3 beg. (ref. to Prov. XIV, 15) מהו פ׳ נער שכן וכ׳pethi means (here) a lad, for in Arabia they call a lad pathia (v. next w.); אין פ׳ אלא לשון פִּתּוּיpethi has the meaning of being enticed (with ref. to Ex. XXII, 15). Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. VII, 8 מכתש של פ׳ (ed. Zuck. פתין, read: פְּתָיִיןpl.) the fool’s mortar (v. Prov. XXVII, 22,) an implement of torture (v. הֲמוֹר).—Pl.פְּתָאִים, פְּתָאִין, פְּתָיִין, v. supra. ↗ expanded
פַּתְיָא 1 , inexperienced, child, lad. Ex. R. s. 3, v. preced.; Gen. R. s. 87, beg. (ref. to פתאים, Prov. VII, 7) אלו השבטים … למינוקא פ׳ (some ed. פַּתְיָה) p’thaim means the tribes (sons of Jacob) … in Arabia they call a child pathia; Yalk. ib. 145; Yalk. Prov. 940; Snh. 110ᵇ (ref. to פתאים, Ps. CXVI, 6). ↗ expanded
פַּתְיָא 2 c. Part. f. of פְּתֵי. a wide earthen vessel, pot. Gitt. 69ᵇ פ׳ דמוניני (masc.) a pot containing fish-brine. Ab. Zar. 16ᵇ; Ber. 50ᵃ; Pes. 88ᵃ; Meg. 14ᵇ פ׳ אוּכְמָא thou black pot! (i.e. scholar with an unattractive appearance; cmp. Taan. 7ᵃ, quot. s. v. פָּאַר).—Pl. פַּתְוָותָא. Ab. Zar. 33ᵇ פ׳ דבי מיכסי (Ar. ed. Koh. פַּתְיָאתָא, oth. ed. פתיותא, read: פַּתְיָי׳) pots of Be Mikhsé. open place, street. B. Bath. 8ᵃ, v. כַּרְיָא I; (Rashi refers to פ׳ 2 drinking vessel at the well). enlargement. Targ. Ps. CXVIII, 5, v. פּוּתְיָא. ↗ expanded
פַּתְיוּתָא (preced. wds.) width, room; פַּתְיוּת ידין ample space. Targ. O. Gen. XXXIV, 21 (ed. Vien. פְּתָיוּת; Y. פַּתְיַית תחומין, v. פְּתֵי I). Targ. Jud. XVIII, 10; a. e. = פְּתָאָהopen space, street. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 45 פַּתְיוּת אורייתא (ed. Wil. פְּתִיוֹת, corr. acc.) the highway of the Law (h. text רְחָבָה). Targ. II Chr. XXXII, 6 (ed. Lag. פתאה). Ib. XXIX, 4 פַּתְאוּת (ed. Lag. פְּתָאַת, constr. of פְּתָאָה).—[Ab. Zar. 33ᵇ פתיותא, Ar., v. פּתְיָא II.] ↗ expanded
פָּתִיחַ (פָּתַח) ploughed land, furrow. Tosef. Peah I, 8 שלשה תלמים של פ׳ three ridges of a furrowed field; Y. ib. II, beg. 16ᵈ; ib. III, 17ᶜ top; Kil. II, 6; Tosef. ib. II, 13 שלשה טפחים של פ׳ (prob. to be read: תלמים). Ib. שלשה תלמים של פ׳; Y. ib. II, 28ᵃ top. ↗ expanded
פְּתִיחַ (Part. pass. of פְּתַח) open-eyed, seeing. Targ. Y. Ex. IV, 11.—Lev. R. s. 22, a. e. והיה ההוא פ׳ וכ׳ and the seeing man led the blind man; דין דהוה פ׳ וכ׳ he that was seeing became blind, v. פְּתַח. Gitt. 69ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּתִיחָא 2 (פְּתַח) [opening,] preliminary legal proceeding, esp. summons to appear before, or to obey the decision of the court under penalty of excommunication; warrant. R. Hash. 31ᵇ כתב פ׳ עילווה (Ms. M. 2 פיתקא) he wrote a warrant out against her. B. Kam. 112ᵇ נטרינן ליה … פתיחה עילויה וכ׳ we wait for him a Monday and a Thursday and another Monday; if he does not appear, we write a warrant against him, giving him ninety days &c. Ib. והני מילי לשמתא אבל לפ׳ וכ׳ this is the case with reference to decreeing excommunication, but for writing a warrant (at the defendant’s expense) it is not so (the court messenger’s statement is not so valid as the testimony of two). Ib. 113ᵃ האי מאן דכתיב עליה פ׳ (Ms. M. דנקיט) if a warrant has been issued against a person; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּתִיחָה (פָּתַח) opening. B. Kam. 49ᵇ (ref. to Ex. XXI, 33) אם על פ׳ חייב על כרייה וכ׳ if he is responsible for opening a pit, how much more is he so for digging! Ib. על עסקי פ׳ וכ׳ for the act of opening &c. (the pit itself being on private ground). Ib. 50ᵃ. Pes. 54ᵃ פְּתִיחַת פי האתון the opening of the mouth of (Balaam’s) ass; פ׳ פי הארץ the opening of the mouth of the earth (to swallow Korah). Sabb. 129ᵃ, v. קֶבֶר. Gen. R. s. 13 בזו פ׳ ובזו פ׳ with reference to the one (sustenance) opening (the stem פתח) is used (Deut. XXVIII, 12) , and with reference to the other (resurrection) opening is used (Ez. XXXVII, 1; a. fr.— פְּתִיחַת נדר (v. פָּתַח) offering reasons for regretting a vow. Y. Ned. VIII, end, 41ᵃ; Y. Naz. VII, 52ᵃ top; a. e. introduction to a lecture, text. Cant. R. to I, 2 רבנן עבדין יתהון פ׳ לויהי וכ׳ the Rabbis used them (the verses Cant. I, 2 sq.) as a text for a lecture on Vayhi &c. (Num. VII). ↗ expanded
פָּתִילtwisted thread, border, edge. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to ופתילך, Gen. XXXVIII, 18) זו סנהדרין שהן מצויינין בפ׳ this refers to the Sanhedrin that is distinguished by the (blue) cord (v. טַלִּית). Sifré Num. 115 (ref. to Num. XV, 38) על מקום הארוג ולא על מקום פ׳ the show-fringe must be attached to the woven part of the garment, not to where the edge begins. Men. 39ᵇ פ׳ בעינן the cord must be twisted, opp. גדיל plaited; a. e. the twisted rim of an earthen vessel; צמיד פ׳ closely covered with a lid. Sifré Num. 126 (ref. to Num. XIX, 15) פ׳ זה העורף צמיד זה הדופק (not העודף) pathil is the neck of the vessel, tsamid the lid; Yalk. Num. 762 פתוח זה העורף וכ׳ (corr. acc.). Ib. מצילין (ב)צ׳ פ׳ וכ׳ they keep uncleanness off when closely covered, though lying in a tent where there is a corpse. Gen. R. s. 39 צלוחית … מוקפת צ׳ פ׳ a bottle closed with an air-tight lid. Ḥull. 25ᵃ; a. fr.—Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. VII, 7 מפני שהוא פ׳ ולא צמיד because a tin rim is twisted, but not close. ↗ expanded
פְּתִילָה (preced. art.) twisted cord, wick. Sabb. II, 1 פְּתִילַת האידן a bast wick; פ׳ המדבר the wick of the desert, v. שִׁבְרָא. Ib. פ׳ הבגד the wick made of rags of a garment. Ib. 5 חוץ מן הפ׳ except when he has the intention of saving the wick; a. fr.—Pl. פְּתִילוֹת. Ib. 20ᵇ עד כאן פסול פ׳ so far the Mishnah refers to wicks unfit for use on the Sabbath. Ib. 21ᵇ; a. fr.—Gitt. 58ᵃ שתי פ׳ בנר אחד two wicks in one lamp (euphem. for adultery). string; bar. Snh. VII, 2 ומדליק את הפ׳ וכ׳ and (the executioner) lights (heats) the string and throws it into his mouth; expl. ib. 52ᵃ פ׳ של אבר, v. אֲבָר; Y. ib. VII, 24ᵇ bot. פ׳ של בעץ a bar of plumbum album; (oth. opin.) פ׳ של נפט a wick dipped in naphtha. Yeb. 6ᵇ בישול פ׳ boiling (melting) a bar of lead; Sabb. 106ᵃ. Ned. 49ᵇ שהן דומין לפ׳ של אבר (not לפתילתא) which burn in the stomach like a molten bar of lead. ↗ expanded
פְּתִילְתָּא , wick; bar. Y. Sabb. II, 4ᵈ top נסב פ׳ used a wick dipped in unclean T’rumah; a. e. [Ned. 49ᵇ, v. preced.]—Pl. פְּתִילָתָא. Y. Sabb. l. c. אנא צבע פ׳ בי חולא (not מן) I dip wicks in vinegar (of T’rumah). Gitt. 69ᵃ וניגדול תרתי פ׳ let him twist two strings; a. e. ↗ expanded
פָּתִין (פָּתָה) the principal or king-beam, common to two adjoining buildings, opp. to ראשים the cross-beams. Neg. XIII, 2 בית הבנוי ראש ופ׳ if a (twin-) house is built with cross-beam and king-beam common to both compartments.—[Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. VII, 8 פתין ed. Zuck., v. פֶּתִי.] ↗ expanded
פְּתֵירָה pr. n. m. = בְּתֵירָה. Tosef. Naz. V, 1 יהודה בן פ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. ב׳); Tosef. Ohol. IV, 14 פתירוש (Ḥull. 54ᵃ ב׳; v. Fr. Darké, p. 97). Tosef. Sot. V, 13; VI, 1 בן פטורי (Var. פטירי). Tosef. Eduy. III, 2 יהושע בן פ׳; ib. שמעון בן פ׳ (Eduy. VIII, 1 sq. ב׳); Y. Shek. III, 47ᶜ פתורא. ↗ expanded
פָּתִית (פָּתַת) broken piece.— Pl. פְּתִיתִים, פְּתִיתִין. Men. 75ᵇ (ref. to Lev. II, 6) אותה לפ׳ ולא פְתִיתָהּ לפ׳ thou shalt break it in pieces, but not a piece of it again in pieces (v. פַּת). Ib. VI, 4 (75ᵇ) וכולן פתיתין בכזית Ms. M. (Bab. ed. פותתן; Mish. וכולן כזיתים; Mss. פְּתִיתָן) and all of them must be broken in pieces of the size of an olive; Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵃ bot. Men. 18ᵇ תורת פ׳ the duty of breaking in pieces; a. e. ↗ expanded
פְּתִיתָה (preced.) breaking in pieces. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Par. 10, ch. XII וכל פ׳ בכזתים, v. preced. Men. VI, 4 טעונית פ׳ require to be broken in pieces; אין בהם פ׳ no breaking in pieces is applied to them; Sifra l. c.; a. e.—B. Kam. 19ᵇ bot. בבהמה ופ׳ Ar. s. v. פת (ed. ובפתורא) it means a domestic animal when it ate pieces in a broth.—Pl. פְּתִיתוֹתthe function of the breaking in pieces of the meal-offering. Men. 18ᵇ; Ḥull. 132ᵇ ↗ expanded
פָּתַךְto break, distribute; to stir, knead. Gen. R. s. 4, end נטל … ופְתָכָן זה בזה the Lord took fire and water and worked them into each other; (Ḥag. 12ᵃ זטרפן). Gen. R. s. 10, beg., v. פְּקַעַת.—Part. pass.פָּתוּךְ, pl. פְּתוּכִים, פְּתוּכִיןa) worked up, mixed. Num. R. s. 12; Cant. R. to III, 11 (ref. to Ex. IX, 24) אש וברד פ׳ זה בזה fire and hail worked into each other; Yalk. Job 912.—b) variegated. Neg. I, 2 הפ׳ שבשלג וכ׳ the variegation of the snow-white leprosy looks like red wine mixed with snow (before the latter is dissolved); הפ׳ שבסיד וכ׳ the variegation of the lime-white leprosy looks like red wine mixed with milk (before being stirred); Sifra Thazr., Neg., ch. II, Par. 2. ↗ expanded
פְּתַךְ Targ. Y. Gen. XVIII, 6 פְּתוֹכִי (not פְּתוּכֵי; h. text לושי).—Part. pass. פָּתִיךְ; f. פְּתִיכָא; pl. פְּתִיכִין, פְּתִיכֵי, פְּתִּיכָן. Targ. Y. Ex. XXIX, 23; 40. Targ. Y. Lev. II, 4, sq. Targ. Job XXV, 2 ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. פָּתְכִין, corr. acc.); a. e.—Nidd. 7ᵃ פתיכא בהו תרומה T’rumah is kneaded up with them. Pes. 63ᵃ פתיכי ביה מולין circumcised persons were included in the act of slaughtering. ↗ expanded
פַּתָּכָא (preced.) mixture. Targ. Y. Gen. II, 7. bundle. Ḥull. 105ᵃ, v. אוּפֵי; B. Mets. 30ᵇ ↗ expanded
פְּתַכְרָא (also pl. form פְּתַכְרי) (denom. of פתכא, v. פַּתְכּוּמְרִין) [painted thing,] a contemptuous expression for idol. Targ. Am. V, 26 פְּתַכְרֵיכוֹן ed. Lag. (ed. פת כומריכון; h. text מלככם). Targ. Zeph. I, 5 פְּתַכְרֵיהוֹן ed. Lag. (some ed. פת כומריהון; h. text מלכם). Targ. Is. VIII, 21 פְּתַכְרֵיה (h. text מלכו).—[For another derivation of our w., see Fl. to Levy Targ. Dict. II, 5742.] ↗ expanded
פָּתַלto twist. Men. 39ᵇ עשה גדיל ופוֹתְלֵיהוּ מתוכו make a fringe and twist a part of it; Yeb. 5ᵇ ופָתְלֵהוּ. Tanḥ. Sh’laḥ 15 (expl. פתיל, Num. XV, 38) והוא צריך לפָתְלָן and one must twist them. Gen. R. s. 94 (play on נפתלי) [read:] שהיו מְפוּתָּלִים ד"א שהיו פותלין על ע"ב ניר they (the sons of Naphtali) were perverted; another explanation, they twisted (wove curtains) on seventy two leashes, v. נִיר IV. Pi. פִּיתֵּלsame, trnsf. to pervert. [Sifré Deut. 308 מפתלו, read with Yalk. ib. 942 מפסלו, v. פָּסַל.]—Part. pass. מְפוּתָּל; pl. מְפוּתָּלִים, מְפוּתָּלִין. Gen. R. l. c. (some ed. מוּפְתָּלִיםHof.), v. supra. ↗ expanded
פְּתַל ; Pa. פַּתֵּיל to pervert. Part. pass. מְפַתַּל; pl. מְפַתְּלִין. Targ. Prov. II, 15 (ed. Wil. מִפַּ׳Ithpa.; h. text נלוזים). ↗ expanded
פַּתְלָנָא Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 5 (not פתלגא). ↗ expanded
פְּתַלְתּוֹל ; reduplic. of פתל) perverse; perverter.— Pl. פְּתַלְתּוֹלִים. Sifré Deut. 308 (ref. to Deut. XXXII, 5) עוקמנים אתם פ׳ אתם you are tricksters, you are perverters; (Yalk. ib. 942 פתלנים, v. פַּתְלָן). ↗ expanded
פֶּתֶן , to wind) asp, adder. Num. R. s. 19 אפי׳ נְשׁוּךְ פ׳ ועקרב וכ׳ even he who was bitten by an asp or a scorpion, &c. (was cured when looking at the brazen serpent); Yalk. ib. 764; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 19 נשוך מפ׳ וכ׳. Sifré Deut. 323 (ref. to Deut. XXXII, 33) [read:] אלו הראשונים שבכם שהם כפ׳ הזה אכזרי that means the foremost among you who are like the asp, the cruel; Yalk. ib. 946; a. e.—Pl. פְּתָנִים. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XIV מרורת פ׳ ומות וכ׳ the venom of asps and death are in its (the serpent’s) mouth; Yalk. Gen. 27. ↗ expanded
פֶּתֶן ² Targ. Is. XI, 8 חוי פתן (ed. Wil. פָּתָן) a winding serpent (h. text פתן). Targ. O. Gen. XLIX, 17 (h. text שפיפן); a. e.—Pl. פִּתְנִין, פִּי׳. Targ. O. Deut. XXXII, 33 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. פִּתְנֵי, פַּתְנֵי, פֵּתָנֵי; Y. I פִּיתוּנַיָּא; v. פתמנאי). ↗ expanded
פֶּתַע (b. h.) coming unawares, sudden. Num. R. s. 10, v. פִּתְאוֹם. ↗ expanded
פִּתְפּוּת (next w.) breaking, smashing.— Pl. constr. פִּתְפּוּתֵי, פִּי׳, only in פ׳ בצים mashed eggs, a phrase for confusion. Cant. R. to II, 5 פ׳ ב׳ יש כאן there is a confusion (of names) here; Y. Snh. XI, 30ᵇ bot. ↗ expanded
פִּתְפֵּת (reduplic. of פָּתַת) to break, smash. Hithpa. הִתְפַּתְפֵּתto be broken, crumbled. Y. Kil. VII, beg. 30ᵈ הדין רכיכה מִתְפּתְפֵּת הוא the soft rock crumbles (and the seeds above suck from the vine under it; R. S. to Kil. VII, 1 מתפתחת). ↗ expanded
פָּתַקto divide, distribute, esp. to dig or open a channel. Y. Snh. IX, 27ᵃ פ׳ אמת המים עליו וכ׳ if he opened a sluice near a person, and the water came and swept him off. Tosef. Sabb. I, 23 פּוֹתְקִין מים לגינה וכ׳ you may conduct water into a garden on the eve of the Sabbath shortly before dark &c.; Bab. Snh. 18ᵃ; Y. ib. I, 3ᵈ bot. Tosef. B. Kam. II, 6 אילו הפותקין ביביהן וכ׳ those who conduct their gutters … into the public road. Gen. R. s. 16, v. מַגְרוֹפִית. Tem. 12ᵃ [read:] ממלא … ופוֹתְקָן למקוה he may draw a quantity of nineteen S’ah of water and let it run through a gutter into the bath. Yalk. Prov. 961 כיון שפְּתָקָהּ when he cut its supply off by diverting the channel; Yalk. Gen. 16 שפוסקה; Gen. R. s. 10 שפסקה; a. e. Pi. פִּיתֵּקsame. Gen. R. s. 51, end (ref. to Deut. II, 9) אבל אתה מְפַתֵּק הנהרות וכ׳ but you may divert their rivers.—Denom. פִּיתָּק, הֶפְתֵּק. Nif. נִפְתָּקto be cut off, divided; esp. to be conducted, diverted. Tosef. Mikv. III, 6 ונִפְתְּקוּ ובאו לחברו ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. ונפסקו) and the water of one pond was diverted and came into the other pond; ib. 5 ונפתקו R. S. to Mikv. III, 1 (ed. ונפסקו). ↗ expanded
פְּתַק 2to aim, thrust. Targ. II Chr. X, 18. Targ. Y. I Gen. XLIX, 8; a. fr.—[Targ. Y. II ib. VIII, 22 פתקין some ed., read פַּסְקִין.]—Snh. 95ᵃ פ׳ בה גירא he shot an arrow at him. Ib. פַּתְקֵיה בריש מוחא וכ׳ (not פסקיה) he threw it (the distaff) on the top of her head and killed her. Gitt. 68ᵇ פתקיה ארבע וכ׳ he hurled him a distance of four &c.; Ab. Zar. 17ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded
פָּתַר [to divide, spread,] to solve; to interpret. Ber. 55ᵇ כ"ר פּוֹתְרֵי חלומות וכ׳ twenty-four interpreters of dreams existed in Jerusalem, ומה שפ׳ לי זה לא פ׳ וכ׳ and not two of them interpreted my dream alike. Pesik. Par., p. 33ᵃ פ׳ קרא בפרשת פרה explained the verse (Ps. XII, 7) as referring to the lesson concerning the red cow; Num. R. s. 19; a. fr. Nif. נִפְתַּרto be interpreted, solved. Ber. l. c. חלום שנ׳ וכ׳ a dream which was interpreted in a dream. Y. Shek. IV, 48ᵇ תִּיפָּתֵר שפודין וכ׳ it may be explained that they redeem unblemished sacrifices, and when afterwards they are blemished, (the money paid for them is secularized). Y. Ber. VII, 11ᵃ bot. תיפתר כר׳ וכ׳ the difficulty may be solved in agreement with R. Ishmael’s opinion; a. fr. ↗ expanded
פְּתַר 1 Targ. Y. II, Gen. XL, 12; 18. Targ. Y. Num. XXII, 5 בפדן … פָּתֵיר חלמיא in Paddan which is named Pethor after him (Balaam), ‘interpreter of dreams’; Targ. Y. Deut. XXIII, 5 מן פְּתוֹר חלמיא (corr. acc.).—Tam. 32ᵃ כל … בחד פְּתַרְנָא לך whatever you asked of us, we all explained in the same way. Keth. 107ᵇ פַּתְרִיתוּ בה כילי האי have you gone so far in your interpretation? Y. Ber. II, end, 5ᵈ יכיל אנא פָּתֵר וכ׳ (= למִפְתַּר) I can explain this in agreement with the opinion of &c. Pesik. Shek., p. 10ᵇ ורבנן פַּתְרִין קרא בדואג וכ׳ and the Rabbis explain this verse (Ps. III, 3) as a reference to Doeg &c.; a. fr. Pa. פַּתֵּרto mollify, steep (in water &c.). Y. B. Mets. IV, end, 9ᵈ הוה מְפַתֵּר וכ׳, v. סַרְדּוּתָא. ↗ expanded
פְּתַר 2 , m. (preced.) solution, interpretation. Y. Ber. I, 2ᵈ bot., a. fr. פ׳ לה וכ׳ there is an explanation for it (you can meet this difficulty by saying), that it refers &c. Tam. 32ᵃ מילתא דא אין לה פ׳ this problem is insolvable. Yeb. 97ᵇ [read with Ar.] נישל לכו סתר פ׳ we shall ask you something too mysterious for solution. Y. Shebu. I, 32ᶜ sq. פתר לה פ׳ חורן offered a different solution for it. Y. Dem. VII, end, 26ᶜ אין לך אלא כהדין פי׳ קדמיא there is nothing left to thee but to agree with the first interpretation. Y. Naz. V, 53ᵈ bot. כפִתְרֵה דר׳ ירמיה as R. J. has explained it; a. fr.—Pl. פִּתְרִין, פִּתְרַיָּיא, פִּתְרַיָּיה, פִּי׳. Y. Erub. IV, end, 22ᵃ פתר לה תרין פ׳ offered two explanations. Y. Peah IV, 18ᵇ top פתר לה כאילין פ׳ he explained it in accordance with those explanations (given above); Y. Gitt. VIII, 49ᶜ top פתרייתא (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
*פִּתְרָא (cmp. פָּתוֹרָא I. a. פַּתְיָא II) a certain kind of wine vessel.—Pl. פִּתְרַיָּיא, פִּי׳. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᶜ top באילין פ׳ רברבייא concerning those large vessels (used by gentiles). ↗ expanded
*פִּתְרוֹן 1 (cmp. preced.) plate, tablet, merchant’s dish (in which the various coins are arranged). Tanḥ. Ki Thissa, ed. Bub. 1 (expl. אגן הסהר, Cant. VII, 3, with play on סהר and סחר) פ׳ של פרגמטיא וכ׳ the plate used in business, whatever one needs, comes out of it; [read:] ואין הלשון אגן אלא אשון פ׳ and the word aggan means dish (ref. to Ex. XXIV, 6); Yalk. Cant. 992 פתרין. ↗ expanded
פִּתְרוֹן 2interpretation. Ber. 55ᵇ כל אחד … ופ׳ חלומו וכ׳ each was shown his own dream and the interpretation of the other man’s dream. Gen. R. s. 89; a. e. ↗ expanded
פִּתְרוֹנָא Targ. Y. II, Gen. XL, 12; 18. Ib. ופתרוני דחילמא, read: ופִתְרוֹנֵיה.—Gen. R. s. 89 כאן חלמא ידע ופתרוניה … חלמא ופתרוניה here (in Pharaoh’s case) he knew the dream and wanted its interpretation of him (Joseph), but there (in Belshazzar’s case) he wanted to be told the dream and its interpretation; Yalk. ib. 147 ופתרניה (corr. entire passage accordingly). ↗ expanded
פתרין , Yalk. Cant. 992, v. פִּתְרוֹן I ↗ expanded
פַּתְרָן (פתר to spread, relax; v. Fl. to Levy Targ. Dict. II, p. 5742) weak, lean. Targ. Ps. CIX, 24 (h. text כחש).—Pl. פַּתְרָנִין. Targ. Y. I Num. XIII, 20 (Ar. אפתרין; h. text רזה). ↗ expanded
פַּתְרָנוּתָא (preced.) leanness. Targ. Ps. CVI, 15 (h. text רזון). ↗ expanded
פַּתְשֶׁגֶן (late b. h.; Persian) repetition, copy, abstract. Targ. O. Deut. XVII, 18 פתש׳ (ed. Berl. פַּרְשַׁגַן); Targ. Josh. VIII, 32 (ed. Lag. פר׳; h. text משנה). Targ. Ps. LX, 1 פַּרְשְׁגָן (h. text מכתם). Targ. II Chr. XXIV, 27 (h. text מדרש). [Targ. Esth. III, 14, a. e. translates our w.: דיטגמאordinance, v. Oppert Rev. des Et. Juives XXVIII, p. 40; v. אַנְטִיגְרָפִין.] ↗ expanded
פַּתְשְׁגַר (preced.) second in rank(h. . Targ. I, II Esth. X, 3. Targ. II Esth. VII, 9. ↗ expanded
פָּתַת 1 (b. h.) to break, crumble. Men. III, 2 … לא פ׳ … או שפְּתָתָן וכ׳ if he omitted to break the meal offering to pieces, … or he broke them (the large pieces) into many small pieces, v. פַּת. Ib. VI, 4 (75ᵇ) וכולן פּוֹתְתָן Bab. ed., v. פָּתִית. Num. R. s. 7 ואוכלין פכסמין ופוֹתְתִין בתוך וכ׳ (not ופותין) and we ate biscuits and broke them into the soup; a. fr. ↗ expanded
*פָּתַת 2 (v. פָּתָה) to persuade, seduce.—Part. pass. f. פְּתוּתָה. Y. Keth. I, beg. 24ᵈ ספק אנוסה ספק פ׳ there being a doubt whether she was outraged or seduced; [prob. to be read: פְּתוּיָה.] ↗ expanded