ע

עָבַד (b. h.) [to work] to serve, work for. Gitt. IV, 5 עוֹבֵד את רבו וכ׳ works one day for his master, and one for himself; a. fr. Esp. to do priestly service. Ḥull. 24ᵇ אחיו הכהנים … לַעֲבוֹד וכ׳ his brother priests allow him not to serve, until he is twenty years of age. to prepare; to till the ground; to dress (hides). Gen. R. s. 22 קין עובד אדמה Cain the tiller of the ground. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵇ bot. גוי עוֹבְדָן; Tosef. ib. IV (V), 10 עוֹבְדוֹ, v. דָּבַב I; (Bab. ib. 33ᵃ עיבדן). Y. Sabb. I, 4ᵇ top נתן כלים … ומצאו עובד בו וכ׳ if one gave a gentile garments to wash, and found him working at them on the Sabbath; a. fr.—Part. pass. עָבוּד, pl. עֲבוּדִין dressed, v. infra. (v. עֲבוֹדָה) to use esp. for idolatrous purposes; to worship. Tem. VI, 1, v. infra. Ab. Zar. III, 7 (defining אשרה) כל שעוֹבְדִין אותה a tree which is itself worshipped (not one at which idolatrous rites are performed). Ib. הואיל … הן עובדין since they worship merely the image (under the tree). Snh. VII, 6 העובד ע"ז אחד העובד וכ׳ he who worships an idol, whether he goes through the regular forms of that particular worship (v. ib. 60ᵇ), or sacrifices &c. Ab. Zar. III, 5 העכומ"ז העובדין וכ׳ as to idolaters that worship mountains and hills (as deities), they (the territories) may be used, but what is on them is forbidden. Ib. 45ᵇ אילן … ולבסוף עֲבָדוֹ if one planted a tree and afterwards made it a subject of worship. Ib. 46ᵃ ועוֹבְדֵיהֶן בסייף and those (Jews) who worship them are put to death by the sword; Tosef. ib. VI (VII), 8. Sabb. 56ᵇ אילמלי לא … ולא עָבְדוּ ישראל ע"א had David not listened to evil gossip (against Mephibosheth), … Israel would not have worshipped idols (under Jeroboam). Ib. 105ᵇ עד שיאמר לו עֲבוֹד ע"ז until he (the tempter) finally tells him, worship idols; Tosef. B. Kam. IX, 31. Ḥull. 13ᵇ נכרים שבח"ל לאו עוֹבְדֵי ע"א הן gentiles outside of Palestine must not be considered as idolaters; a. v. fr. Nif. נֶעֱבַד to be prepared, dressed. Tosef. B. Kam. l. c. עורות שאינן נֶעֱבָדִין ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. עֲבוּדִין) undressed hides; a. e. to be used, esp. for illicit purposes; to be worshipped. Tem. l. c. המוקצה והנ׳ the animal designated for idolatrous purposes and the one used; expl. כל שעובדין אותו whatever they may use it for ((e.g. yoking the ox, shearing the sheep for the benefit of idolatrous temples). Ib. 28ᵃ נעבדה בהן עבירה an illicit act has been done with them (by coupling them); ib. לא נֵתְעַבְּדָה בה עבירה no sinful act has been done with it (by which to unfit it for the altar). Ab. Zar. 46ᵇ יש נ׳ במחובר אצל גבוה does the law forbidding the use in divine worship of objects which have been used for idolatrous purposes include things fixed in the ground? Ib. יש שינוי בנ׳ does change of form restore to legitimate use objects otherwise forbidden on account of their use in connection with idolatry? a. fr. Nithpa. נַתְעַבֵּד same, v. supra. Hif. הֶעֱבִיד to enslave, oppress. Yalk. Ex. 162 הֶעֱבִידוֹ בכל וכ׳ he (Esau) oppressed him with all sorts of troubles. Pi. עִיבֵּד to prepare, esp. to dress hides. Sabb. VII, 2 (among the labors forbidden on the Sabbath) והמְעַבֵּד את עורו dressing the hide of the deer (to fit it for parchment). Ib. 75ᵇ חייב משום מעבד is guilty of a Sabbath offence coming under the category of tanning. Gitt. 54ᵇ גוילין … לא עִיבַּדְתִּין לשמן I did not prepare the parchment sheets with the proper intention; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲבַד 1 (corresp. to h. עָשָׂה) to do, labor; to make; to act. Targ. Gen. I, 7. Ib. XXXI, 26; a. v. fr.—Ber. 60ᵇ לעולם … כל דעביד רחמנא לטב Ms. M. (ed. לטב עביד; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 3) man should train himself always to say, Whatever the Merciful One does, is for good; Yalk. Job 893 כל … לטב עביד. Tem. 4ᵇ אי עביד מהני, v. הֲנִי. Yeb. 37ᵃ מי עָבוּד רבנן תקנתא וכ׳ (not עביד) have the Rabbis adopted special measures for priests &c.? Ib. עַבְדִּינָן כרבנן we act (decide) in accordance with the opinion of the Rabbis. Keth. 60ᵇ לא עַבְדֵי נשי דחנקן וכ׳ women will not do such a thing as strangling their children. Kidd. 50ᵃ לא ע׳ אינש דמשוי וכ׳ a man will not declare himself a wrongdoer; a. v. fr. to do, fare, prosper. Lev. R. s. 5, end מה את עָבֵיד how art thou?; ומה ארעא עֲבִידָא and how does the field fare?; מה תורין עַבְדִין how are the oxen? Ib. ע׳ לב טב he assumes cheerfulness. Gen. R. s. 13 כל שיחתן … עַבְדַּת ארעא all the talk of people turns on the land (material prosperity): ‘the land is doing well’ (crops promise to be good); ‘the land is not doing well’; a. fr. to spend time. Y. Shebi. VIII, 38ᵇ top עביד טמיר במערתא וכ׳ he remained hidden in a cave &c.; ib. IX, 38ᵈ. Y. Shek. V, 48ᵈ top עַבְדַת טמירא וכ׳ she (the ass) remained hidden with them &c.; Gen. R. s. 60 עבדת גבון; a. fr.—Part. pass. עָבִיד; f. עֲבִידָא made, liable to, likely, used to. Y. Peah III, 17ᵈ bot. היך ע׳ how did it happen (i.e. in what case would it make a practical difference for the slave)? R. Hash. 22ᵇ, a. e. מילתא דע׳ לאיגלויי, v. גְּלֵי. Shebu. 46ᵃ, v. גְּזַם; a. fr. Af. אַעֲבֵיד, Pa. עַבֵּיד to make, produce. Targ. O. Ex. XXXII, 10 אַעַבֵּיד ed. Berl. (oth. אַעֲבֵיד; Y. אֶעְבַּד). Ib. XXX, 37; a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 28, end, v. infra. to cause to prosper. Gen. R. s. 13 כל תפלתן … מרי תַעֲבִיד ארעא יכ׳ all the prayers of men turn on the earth (mundane affairs): Lord, make the land (crop) thrive, make the land prosper; a. e. to work through. Part. pass. מְעַבַּד, מְעַבְּדָא. B. Mets. 116ᵇ טינא דמע׳ thoroughly kneaded clay. Ithpe. אִיתְעֲבֵיד, אִיעֲבֵיד to be done; to be made, become. Targ. Gen. XXIX, 26. Targ. Koh. VIII, 4. Targ. Ps. LXII, 4; a. fr.—Lam. R. to II, 2 בעית לאִיעַבְדָּא וכ׳ (not לאיבדא, לעיבדא) dost thou want to be made a senator? Lev. R. s. 28, end מאן דעַבֵּיד … אתע׳ וכ׳ he who made the comes …, is now to become a bather &c.; Esth. R. to VI, 10 האי גברא מְעַבֵּיד … עביד בלן (corr. acc.); a. fr. [Zeb. 75ᵇ דאיעבד, read: דאיערוב, v. עֲרַב I.]—V. דִּיעֲבַד. ↗ expanded

עֶבֶד preced. wds.) slave, servant. Kidd. 20ᵃ הקונה ע׳ עברי וכ׳ he who buys a Hebrew slave, has, so to say, bought a master over himself. Sabb. 89ᵃ כלום יש ע׳ שנותן וכ׳ dare a servant salute his master (first)? Snh. 58ᵇ (ref. to Prov. XII, 11) אם … כע׳ לאדמה וכ׳ if a man makes himself a slave to the soil, he will be satisfied with bread &c. Kidd. I, 3 ע׳ כנעני נקנה וכ׳ a Canaanite (gentile) slave is acquired by money, by deed &c. Ib. III, 13 ממזר … הולד ע׳ if a bastard marries a slave, the child is a slave; הרי זה ע׳ ממזר the child is a bastard slave (subject to the disabilities of both). Shebu. 47ᵇ ע׳ מלך כמלך a king’s officer is like a king (the inferior person is raised by association with a superior); a. v. fr.—Pl. עֲבָדִים. Kidd. 22ᵇ (ref. to Lev. XXV, 55) כי לי … ולא ע׳ לע׳ ‘the children of Israel are my servants’, but they must not make themselves servants of servants (of human beings). Ab. I, 3 אל תהיו כע׳ וכ׳ be not like the servants that wait upon their master for the sake of getting their fare (reward), v. פְּרָס; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲבַד same. Targ. Gen. IX, 25 (O. ed. Berl. עַבַד; ed. Vien. עֶבֶד). Ib. 26; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 86 ע׳ זבין … ע׳ לתרויהון a slave (Potiphar) buys, the son of a handmaid (the Ishmaelite) sells, and the free man (Joseph) is the slave of both; Koh. R. to X, 7. Gitt. 13ᵃ, a. e. ע׳ בהפקרא וכ׳, v. הֶפְקֵרָא; a. fr.—[Y. Ber. IV, 7ᶜ נפק ע׳, read: עוּבְדָּא.]—Pl. עַבְדִּין, עַבְדַּיָּא, עַבְדֵּי. Targ. Gen. XXIV, 25. Targ. Is. LIV, 17. Targ. Prov. XII, 9; a. fr.—B. Kam. 97ᵃ הוה תקיף ע׳ דאינשי וכ׳ used to seize slaves of men against whom he had a claim &c. Kidd. 70ᵃ רגיל דקרי אינשי ע׳ he is in the habit of calling people slaves; a. fr. worshipper. Ned. 62ᵇ ע׳ דנורא fire-worshipper (Geber); a. e. ↗ expanded

עַבְדּוּ , v. עַבְדּוּתָא ↗ expanded

עַבְדּוּת (preced. wds.) slavery, servitude; status of a slave. Y. Kidd. I, 59ᵈ אחת בסוף שש עד שהוא בעַבְדּוּתוֹ (not בעבודתו) one declaration at the end of the sixth year, while he is still a slave by law. Pes. X, 5 (in the Passover night service) הוציאנו מע׳ לחרות he led us forth from slavery to freedom; Kidd. 22ᵇ. Hor. 10ᵃ כמדומין אתם ששררה … ע׳ וכ׳ you seem to believe that I place a rulership upon you (by appointing you to office), I place servitude upon you (ref. to I Kings XII, 7); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַבְדּוּתָא Targ. O. Ex. XIII, 3; a. fr.—Gitt. 86ᵃ (in a deed of sale) עבדא דנן מוצדק לעבדו this slave is lawfully a slave. ↗ expanded

עַבְּדן (עָבַד Pi.) hide-dresser, tanner. Kel. XXVI, 8 (עורות) של ע׳ hides in the tanner’s possession (intended for sale to mechanics). Sabb. I, 8; a. e.—Pl. עַבְּדָנִין. Kel. XV, 1 עריבת הע׳ (ed. Dehr. העוֹבְדָן) a trough used by tanners. ↗ expanded

עַבְדְּקַן (comp. of עַב a. דְּקַן; cmp. זַלְדְּקַן) thick-bearded. Snh. 100ᵇ (Mss. F. a. K. עב דקן), v. סַכְסַן. ↗ expanded

עָבָה 1 , f. of עָב. ↗ expanded

עָבָה 2 , v. עבי ↗ expanded

עבוד , Bekh. VI, 6 (40ᵃ) Ms. M., v. אָכוּז ↗ expanded

עִבּוּד , v. עִיבּוּד ↗ expanded

עֲבוֹדָה work, labor, service, attendance, esp. (in agric.) space required for attending to a plant. Kil. VI, 1, a. e. (כדי ע׳) נותנין לו את עֲבוֹדָתוֹ we must allow it (the vine) its space (within which no other seed should be planted). Ib. וכמה היא עֲבוֹדַת הגפן and how large is the space for the vine? B. Bath. 83ᵃ כדי עבודת הכרם as much space as is required for attending to the vineyard. Tosef. Kil. II, 7 עבודת ירק בירק אחר the space to be left between one vegetable and another; a. fr. service, agricultural implements, working cattle &c. Gen. R. s. 42 (ref. to אָכְלָם, Gen. XIV, 11) זו ע׳ this means their agricultural service. this means their agricultural service. manual labor; servitude, service. Men. 109ᵇ, v. שֵׁירוּת. R. Hash. 11ᵃ בר"ה בטלה ע׳ מאבותינו וכ׳ on the New Year’s Day (prior to going out of Egypt) our ancestors in Egypt were freed from servitude; a. e. divine service, priest’s service; worship. Y. Kidd. I, 59ᵈ top וייפסל מן הע׳ and he (the priest) will be made unfit for service. Tosef. Shek. III, 26; Ḥull. 24ᵃ כ"ה ללמוד ושלשים לע׳ twenty-five years is the age for apprenticeship, and thirty years for practical service. Ib. הע׳ בכתף the service of carrying the Tabernacle on the shoulder. Men. l. c. אלמדך סדר ע׳ I will teach thee the order of the priestly service. Yoma 32ᵃ המשנה מע׳ לע׳ he who goes from one function of the Temple service to another. Ib. עבודת היום בבגדי וכ׳ the special service of the Day of Atonement is performed in white garments. Ib. 39ᵇ הגרלה לאו ע׳ היא casting lots is no special function. Ib. III, 3 אין אדם נכנס לעזרה לע׳ וכ׳ no one must enter the Temple court for worship, unless &c. Snh. VII, 6 (60ᵇ) זו היא עֲבוֹדָתוֹ (not עבודתה) this is the form of worshipping that deity; a. fr.—Trnsf. the emoluments of the officiating priest. B. Kam. 109ᵇ, sq. עֲבוֹדָתָהּ ועורה וכ׳ (not עבודתו) the gifts for officiating at its offering and its hide belong to &c.—In gen. divine worship, prayer. Ab. I, 2. Taan. 2ᵃ (ref. to Deut. XI, 13) איזו היא ע׳ שבלב … זו תפלה what is meant by the service of the heart? Prayer. Arakh. 11ᵃ (ref. to Deut. XXVIII, 47) איזו היא ע׳ … זה שירה what is the service in joy and cheerfulness of the heart? It is song. Ib. (ref. to Num. IV, 47) איזו היא ע׳ שצריכה ע׳ וכ׳ what service is that which requires (accompanies) sacrificial service? It is song; a. fr.—הָעֲ׳ by the worship!, for ‘by God!’ Yeb. 32ᵇ. Sifra K’dosh., Par. 2, ch. IV; a. fr.—Esp. ‘Ăbodah, the first of the last three sections of the Prayer of Benedictions (תְּפִלָּה), containing the prayer for the restoration of the Temple service. Ber. 29ᵇ טעה … בע׳ חוזר לע׳ if he failed to insert the prayer for the New Moon Day in the ʻĂbodah, he must begin the ʻĂ. anew; נזכר בהודאה חוזר לע׳ if he recalls the omission while reading the Hodaah (the second of the last three sections), he must begin &c. Y. ib. IV, 8ᵃ bot. כל דבר שהוא לַבָּא אומרה בע׳ whatever prayer refers to the future is inserted in the ‘A.—Meg. 18ᵃ כיון שבאת תפלה באת ע׳ when you speak of prayer (praying that your prayer be acceptable), comes the prayer for the restoration of the Temple service. Ib. ע׳ והודאה חדא וכ׳ ʻĂb. and Hodaah are one thing (belong together); a. fr. ע׳ זָרָה (abbrev. ע"ז) idolatry, mostly used for idol, heathen deity, interch. in editions with עֲבוֹדַת אֱלִילִים (abbrev. ע"א) and עֲבוֹדַת כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת (abbrev. עכ"ום, עכומ"ז). B. Bath. 110ᵃ תעשה כהן לע"א thou (Jonathan, grandson of Moses) to be a priest of idolatry?; כך מקובלני … ישכיר אדם עצמו לע"ז וכ׳ I have a tradition from my grandfather, a man should rather hire himself out for ‘strange service’, than be dependent on man; הוא סבר לע"ז ממש … אלא ע׳ שזרה לו he thought it meant real strange service (idolatry), but it means ‘for labor strange to him’ (beneath his station). Snh. V, 1 (40ᵃ) העובד עכ"ום את מי עבד וכ׳ (Mish. ed. העובד כוכבים וכ׳) in the case of one accused of idolatry, (the witnesses are asked,) whom (what special deity) did he worship? and in what manner did he worship? Ab. Zar. 11ᵇ בתי ע"א idolatrous temples (and fairs connected therewith); a. v. fr.—‘Ăbodah Zarah, name of a treatise of the Mishnah, Tosefta, Talmud Babli a. Y’rushalmi, of the Order of N’ziḳin.—Pl. עֲבוֹדוֹת. Sifra Sh’mini, Milluim בשעה קלה למדו שבעה ע׳ וכ׳ in a short moment they iearned seven sacrificial functions: the slaughtering &c. Yoma 47ᵇ זו היא מע׳ קשות וכ׳ this is one of the difficult services (manipulations) in sacrificial rites. Ib. 32ᵃ וחמש ע׳ הן וכ׳ and there were five rites (on the Day of Atonement): the daily morning sacrifice &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עָבוּז , v. אֵבוּז, a. אָכוּז. ↗ expanded

עֲבוֹט [fastening; cmp. חֲזָקָה,] pledge, security. B. Mets. 114ᵇ (expl. Deut. XXIV, 12) לא תשכב ועֲבוֹטוֹ אצלך thou must not go to bed with his pledge with thee.—2) = עָבִיט saddle, saddle-bag. [Tosef. Maasr. III, 13, v. עָבִיט.]—Pl. עֲבוֹטוֹת saddle cushions, rugs &c., baggage. Tanḥ. Emor, ed. Bub. 26, note 188 אתה יודע שאין לי זהב א"ל ותן לי ע׳ נתן לו טפיטוס וכ׳ thou knowest that I have no gold. Said he to him, then give me the baggage, and he gave him a rug and other garments that he had robbed him of; ib. תן לי אותן ע׳ שנטלת ממני give me that baggage which thou hast taken from me; נתן לו אותו זהב ואותן ע׳ מקצת he gave him that gold (of which he had robbed him) and the baggage, but only a part thereof; Tanḥ. Emor 18 עֲבִיטוֹת. ↗ expanded

עַבּוֹף (עבף, cmp. עבב) densely covered, thick with leaves. Targ. O. Deut. XII, 2 (not ענוף); Targ. Jer. III, 13 (h. text רענן); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַבּוּפְיָא (preced.) thick foliage. Targ. Job XV, 32 (h. text רעננה). ↗ expanded

עִבּוּר , v. sub עיבּ׳. ↗ expanded

עֲבוּר , בַּעֲ׳ for the sake of. Taan. 20ᵃ נקררה חמה בַּעֲבוּרוֹ the sun was made to break forth for his sake. Ib. בַּעֲבוּרָן for their sake; a. fr.—[Pesik. Haḥod., p. 45ᵃ sq. הרגיש בעבורה, read. בעֲבֵירָה.] ↗ expanded

עֲבוֹרָא (עֲבַר) passer-by, traveller. Y. Taan. IV, 69ᵃ bot. דלא הוו מקבלין לע׳ they would receive no stranger (Lam. R. to II, 2 אכסניא).—Pl. עֲבוֹרַיָּא. Targ. Y. Gen. XVIII, 3 (ed. Vien. עִיבוּרַיָּא, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עַבּוּרָא (עֲבַר) one who hands over.—Pl. constr. עַבּוּרֵי. B. Bath. 133ᵇ, v. אַחְסָנָא. ↗ expanded

עָבוֹת עָבֹת; עָבַת to twist, plait) network, matting; עץ ע׳ a tree screened by a network of foliage. Sifra Emor, Par. 12, ch. XVI (expl. Lev. XXIII, 40) את שענף עצו דומה לקליעה the tree the ramification around whose trunk resembles plaiting; Y. Succ. III, 53ᶜ bot. עץ שענפיו חופין … קליעה a tree the branches of which cover its larger portion and which rises in the shape of a plaiting; Bab. Succ. 32ᵇ שענפיו חופין את עצו whose branches cover up its trunk. Ib. היכי דמי ע׳ וכ׳ what is ‘aboth like (when is a tree called ‘aboth)? When three leaves are on each stem. Ib. ובלבד שתהא עֲבוֹתוֹ קיימת provided its network (three leaves on each stem) remains; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲבוֹת preced.) chain, rope for fastening the yoke of the animal to the plough (Maim.); [the pole tied to the yoke by means of a knotted rope (R. S.)]. Kel. XXI, 2. Sifra Shʾmini, Par. 6, ch. VIII.—Snh. 99ᵇ (ref. to Is. V, 18) בתחלה … לע׳ העגלה at first the evil inclination resembles a thread of cobweb, and at the end it is like a wagon rope; Yalk. Gen. 129.—Pl. עֲבוֹתוֹת. Succ. 52ᵃ; Yalk. Is. 270 (not עבותי׳).—V. עָבִית. ↗ expanded

עֶבֶט , v. עָבִיט ↗ expanded

עֲבַט (denom. of עֲבִיטָא, v. עֲבוֹט) to seize a pledge. Ithpe. אִיעֲבַט to have one’s goods seized. B. Kam. 113ᵇ בר מתא אבר מתא מִיעֲבַט the goods of one resident may be seized for the delinquent taxes of a fellow resident (v. תָּפַס). ↗ expanded

עבי to be thick, dense, dark. Nif. נֶעֱבֶה to become thick, swell. Tanḥ. Vaëra 3 ובלען … ולא נ׳ יותר וכ׳ Aaron’s staff swallowed them up and yet was not thicker than before. Hif. הֶעֱבָה same. Tosef. Kil. III, 4 הֶעֱבוּ ונעשו מכוונות (not העבן) if the plants on growing denser appeared to form a straight line; Y. ib. V, beg. 29ᵈ העבות (R. S. to Kil. V, 1 היו עבים; corr. acc.). Pi. עִיבָּה to make thick; to condense, darken; to facilitate growth. Y. Taan. III, 66ᶜ מְעַבֶּה, v. עָב II. M. Kat. II, 5 מְחַפִּין … אף מְעַבִּין (during the festive week) you may cover up the cut figs with straw; … you may even &c.; expl. ib. 13ᵇ מחפין אקלושי מעבין אסמוכי by m’ḥappin is meant a loose covering, by m’ʿabbin a dense, packed covering; (anoth. opin.) מחפין … מע׳ … כמין כרי m’ḥappin means a loose or a dense covering, m’ʿabbin means bringing the figs close together so as to form a pile. Y. Peah III, 17ᶜ בשעי׳ על מנת להדל if he set the plants close together with the intention of thinning them afterwards. Ib. VII, 20ᵇ מתוך שהוא מְעַבָּן וכ׳ because he strengthens the remaining plants (by thinning the field), they produce more fruit the next year (and thus he benefits also the poor). Y. Shebi. I, beg. 33ᵃ מעבה את הכורת he advances the growth of the ramification, opp. מתיש כוחה. Y. Bets. IV, 62ᶜ top בשלא נתכוין לעַבֹּותָהּ when (in putting wood on the booth) he had not had the intention to cover it more densely; a. e.—Tosef. Peah IV, 14 המעבה את שוקיו (ed. Zuck. המקפח) he who contracts his shoulders (simulating a hump), v. קָפַח.—Part. pass. מְעוּבֶּה, q. v. ↗ expanded

עֲבֵי , to be thick, rough, strong. Ḥull. 38ᵃ, v. עֲמֵי. ↗ expanded

עָבֵי (preced.) thick, rough. Ḥull. 79ᵃ ע׳ קליה וכ׳ if the voice of a mule is rough, its dam is an ass, if shrill (צניף), a horse. ↗ expanded

עֳבִי , v. עוֹבִי ↗ expanded

עֲבִיד v. עֲבַד I, II. ↗ expanded

עֲבִידָא , v. sub עִיבִיד׳. ↗ expanded

עָבִיט (עבט, v. עֲבוֹט; cmp. חֶבֶט I) [fastening, pressing,] (של גמל) sumpter-saddle consisting of a pair of panniers tied across the animal’s back (Lat. clitellae, Gr. κανθήλια); also the cushion on the camel’s back (Arab. gabiṭ). Sifra M’tsor‘a, Zab., Par. 2, ch. III; Kel. XXIII, 2; a. e.—Pl. עֲבִיטִין. Tosef. Erub. III (II), 1; Erub. 16ᵃ top; Y. ib. I, 19ᵇ bot.—Tanḥ. Emor 18 עביטות. v. עֲבוֹט. ע׳ של ענבים (cmp. κανθήλια) a large basket, strapped on the carrier’s back, in which grapes are carried during the vintage. B. Mets. V, 7 (72ᵇ); Tosef. ib. VI, 2. Tosef. Maasr. III, 13 (ed. Zuck. עבוט, corr. acc.). Tosef. Dem. VI, 11; Y. ib. VI, 25ᶜ bot. עֶבֶט. Y. Bets. V, beg. 62ᵈ העבט. Toh. X, 4, sq. העביט ed. Dehr. (ed. העבט; Ar. מעבט). Y. M. Kat. II, beg. 81ᵃ דורכין את עַבְטוֹ you may press, for the mourner, the grapes in the basket (to prevent ruin by delay); a. e. ע׳ של מימי רגלים a large vessel for the collection of urine (for manufacturing purposes). Ber. 25ᵇ גרף של רעי וע׳ וכ׳ a vessel for the collection of excrements, and a tub for urine; Tosef. ib. II, 16 Var. B. Bath. 89ᵇ.—Keth. 82ᵇ, read with Tosaf.: ע׳ של נחושת a bronze tub. ↗ expanded

עֲבִיטָא , sumpter-saddle. Targ. Gen. XXXI, 34 (h. text כַּר).—Gen. R. s. 74.—Trnsf. burden, obligation. Y. B. Kam. X, end 7ᶜ יכיל מימר ליה את שרי עֲבִיטָיךְ מיני he (who has been forced to pay his neighbor’s arrear taxes) can say to him, take thy saddle off me, i.e. pay me the amount you would have had to pay the government. Bab. B. Kam. 115ᵃ א"ל … זיל שרי עביטך he said to that man (whose stolen goods had been bought in good faith), go, untie thy saddle, i.e. redeem thy goods by indemnifying the buyer. ↗ expanded

עבין , Y. Taan. I, 64ᵇ bot. חמר ע׳, read: חמש עבירן, v. עֲבֵירְתָּא ↗ expanded

עֲבֵירָא , v. עֲבֵירְתָּא ↗ expanded

עֲבִירָה (עָבַר) passing by. Y. Erub. I, 19ᵃ top כדי עֲבִירַת אדם as much space as is required for a person to pass. ↗ expanded

עֲבֵירָה (preced.) transgression, sin. Sot. 3ᵃ (play on עבר Hif., with ref. to ויעבירו, Ex. XXXVI, 6) אדם עובר ע׳ בסתר והקב"ה מכריז וכ׳ man commits a sin in secret, and the Lord causes his exposure in public; ואין ע׳ אלא לשון הכרזה וכ׳ and the word ‘ăberah (cmp. preced.) has the meaning of publication (passing forth) &c. Ib. אין אדם עובר ע׳ אלא אם כן וכ׳ a man does not sin, unless a spirit of insanity has entered into him. Tem. 20ᵇ אין אדם … בדבר הבא בע׳ a person cannot obtain atonement by means of a thing which is connected with an offense, v. מִצְוָה; a. v. fr.—Esp. (cmp. אִיסּוּרָא) sexual immorality. Gen. R. s. 90. Snh. 70ᵃ top שהכל מצויין אצלה בע׳ for all people will finally associate with her in an immoral way; a. v. fr.—Pl. עֲבֵירוֹת, עֲבֵרוֹת. Yoma VIII, 8 ע׳ קלות light transgressions. Ib. 9 ע׳ שבין אדם למקום sins affecting the relation of man to God; ע׳ … לחבירו sins affecting the relation of man to his fellowman; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲבִירִים , v. עֲכִירִים ↗ expanded

עֲבֵירְתָּא = h. עֲבֵירָה. Targ. Prov. X, 23 עביר עביר׳ (not עביד עביד׳). Ib. XXI, 27. Targ. O. Deut. XXIII, 15; XXIV, 1 עֲבֵירַת פתגם (h. text ערות דבר); a. fr.—Pl. עֲבֵירָתָא, עֲבֵירָן. Targ. Job IV, 4 Ms. (ed. Lag. עבירה sing., hebraism; ed. Wil. עֲבֵירָא; oth. ed. עבידתא, incorr.). Targ. Y. Num. XXXV, 25; a. e.—Y. Taan. I, 64ᵇ bot. [read:] א"ל חמש עבירן האי גוברא עביד בכל יום he said to him, five sins does this man (I) commit every day. ↗ expanded

עַבְעָבִות , v. אַבְאָבִית ↗ expanded

*עֲבַץ 1 (v. next w.) to become white, be put to shame. Targ. Ps. XXXIV, 6 עֲבָציּ Ar. a. Levita (ed. עֲצָבוּ; h. text יחפרו). ↗ expanded

עֲבַץ 2 (transpos. of בצבץ = בעבץ; cmp. כֶּסֶךְ = כַּסְכֵּס, transpos. of סכסך) tin. Targ. Ez. XXVII, 12 (ed. Lag. בעיץ). Targ. O. Num. XXXI, 22 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. אבצא). ↗ expanded

עָבַר (b. h.) to be thick, swell; to run over. Par. VI, 4 כדי שׁיַעַבְרוּ המים וכ׳ that the water may overflow into a vessel; a. e.—Ex. R. s. 15 שאני עוֹבֵר, v. עֶבְרָה. (cmp. סְגֵי I a. II) to pass, to cross. Tosef. Sot. VIII, 1; Sot. 33ᵇ כיצד עָבְרוּ ישראל את וכ׳ in what manner did the Israelites cross the Jordan? Cant. R. to V, 13 עוֹבֵר הוא וחוזר וכ׳ he goes over his studies once and again &c.; a. fr.—ע׳ את הדין to cross the line of justice, to be too severe. Midd. II, 2 כאילו עברו עליו וכ׳ as if they had treated him too severely (arbitrarily). Ex. R. s. 30 כשם שאני יכול לַעֲבוֹר … ואני איני מַעֲבִיר וכ׳ as I (the Lord) have power to treat the nations with rigor, but refrain from doing so, so shall you not go beyond the line of justice. Ib. עִיבְּרָה את הדין (Pi.); a. e. (with על) to pass over (a sin); to forgive. Cant. R. to V, 5 (play on מור עובר, ib.) מר עובר ע׳ על מררי the bitterness passes away, he (the Lord) passes over my bitterness (sin). R. Hash. 17ᵃ (ref. to Mic. VII, 18) למי נושא עון למי שעובר על פשע whose iniquity does he pardon? the iniquity of him who forgives (his neighbor’s) transgression; a. e. to transgress, sin. Yoma 86ᵇ, a. e. כיון שע׳ אדם עבירה ושנה וכ׳ as soon as a man has committed a sin and repeated it, it becomes to him a permitted act. Ib. 86ᵃ, a. e. ע׳ על עשה when one has transgressed a positive law (committed a sin of omission). Ib. ע׳ על כריתות וכ׳ when one has committed sins punishable with extinction or death by a court. Erub. 100ᵃ, a. fr. עובר על בל וכ׳, v. בַּל. Keth. VII, 6 העוֹבֶרֶת על דת וכ׳ if a wife offends against Mosaic or Jewish customs, v. דַּת; Y. ib. VII, 31ᶜ top נשים המְעַבְּרוֹת על הדת (Pi.); a. v. fr. to pass, overtake, precede. Pes. 7ᵇ כל המצות מברך עליהן עובר לעשייתן in the performance of all religious ceremonies one must say the benediction over them before doing them; מאי משמע דהאי עובר לישנא דאקדומי היא what evidence is there that this ‘ober has the meaning of precedence? Answ. by ref. to ויעבר (II Sam. XVIII, 23) ‘and he arrived before the Cushite’. to pass by, go away, be removed. Pes. III, 1 אלו עוֹבְרִין בפסח the following things must pass away (their use must be suspended) during Passover. Bets. 26ᵃ, a. fr. מום עובר a transitory blemish, opp. קבוע. Ber. 26ᵃ ע׳ יומו בטל קרבנו when its day is passed, the sacrifice of the day is void. Pes. II, 2 חמץ … שע׳ עליו הפסח leavened matter … over which Passover has passed (which had been in the house during Passover). Ber. IX, 3 הצועק לַשֶּׁעָבַר וכ׳ praying for what is passed (decided) is a vain prayer, e.g. if one’s wife is with child, and one prays, may it be the will of God that my wife bear a male child; Y. Taan. II, 65ᶜ bot. נותן הודייה לשעבר וצועק וכ׳ one gives thanks for what is passed, and prays for what is to come. Gitt. VII, 7 כל זמן שאֱעֶבוֹר מכנגד פניך וכ׳ as soon as I shall have been out of thy sight for thirty days; Tosef. ib. VII (V), 10. Keth. 17ᵃ ע׳ מלפני כלה he passed aside to make room for a bridal procession. Yoma 66ᵃ, a. e. חטאת שעָבְרָה שנתה a sin-offering whose year is passed (that is older than one year); Tem. 22ᵃ שעִיבְּרָה שנתה (Pi.) whose year is completed (v. infra). Ib. 21ᵇ בכור שעברה שנתו a first-born animal older than one year; R. Hash. 5ᵇ; Zeb. 29ᵃ bot. שעיברה; Tosef. Snh. III, 6 בכור שעיברה זמנו ed. Zuck. (read with Var.: שעבר). Keth. 87ᵃ על שֶׁעָ׳ as regards the past, v. עָתִיד; a. v. fr.—לַשֶּׁעָ׳ in former days. Gen. R. s. 47, opp. עַכְשָׁיו; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱבִיר to lead past, stroke gently. Tosef. Sabb. VII (VIII), 23 [read:] מַעֲבִירִין על גבי העין בשבת you are permitted to stroke a sore eye on the Sabbath; Y. ib. XIV, 14ᶜ bot. מעבירין על העין. Ib. הֶעֱבִירוּ עליו כלים they passed garments over it. to cause to pass; to remove, displace. Keth. 17ᵃ מַעֲבִירִין את המת מלפני כלה וכ׳ a funeral procession is made to make way for a bridal procession, and both of them for the king, v. supra. Gitt. 57ᵇ שאין אנו מעבירין אותו באל אחר that we shall never displace him for another god; שאין מַעֲבִיר אותנו וכ׳ that he will never displace us for another nation. Ex. R. s. 30 כאילו היא מעביר איקינין וכ׳ as if he removed (defaced) the king’s portrait; a. fr. to go beyond. Ib. איני מעביר וכ׳, v. supra. Ib. הבריות מעבירין על הדין וכ׳ men go beyond the line of justice (are treacherous, cruel), and they are punished; a. e. to skip over; to forego, postpone.—ה׳ על מדותיו, v. מִדָּה.—Yoma 33ᵃ; 58ᵇ, a. fr. אין מעבירין על המצות you must not forego the occasion for performing a religious act. Erub. 64ᵇ אין מעבירין על האוכלין you must not pass by eatables (and let them lie in the street); B. Mets. 23ᵃ; a. fr. to forego, overlook, pardon. R. Hash. 17ᵃ (ref. to Mic. VII, 18) מעביר ראשון ראשין וכך היא המדה (Ms. M. על ראשון וכ׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he pardons one sin after the other (before they are put on the scale), and such is the divine dealing. Ib. מעבירין לו על כל פשעיו all his transgressions are pardoned; a. fr. to cause to forego or disregard. Erub. 41ᵇ שלשה דברים מעבירין … על וכ׳ three things make a man disregard his own sense (of right) and the sense of his Maker; a. e. Pi. עִיבֵּר to be completed, full. Tem. 22ᵃ, a. e., v. supra. to transgress repeatedly. Y. Keth. VII, 31ᶜ top, v. supra. to go beyond. Ex. R. l. c. עיברה את הדין, v. supra. [Tosef. B. Kam. VI, 22 שעיברה הדליקה עד, read with Y. ib. VII, 5ᶜ. שעברה … את.] (v. עוּבָּר) to carry, be with young. Kidd. 31ᵇ כי עִבַּרְתּוֹ אמו וכ׳ while his mother was pregnant with him, his father died. Tosef. B. Kam. X, 1 ועִיבְּרָה אצלו (B. Kam. IX, 1 ונִתְעַבְּרָה) and the cow became pregnant while she was in his possession. Ḥull. 58ᵃ; a. fr.—Part. pass. f. מְעוּבֶּרֶת; pl. מְעוּבָּרוֹת pregnant. Yeb. XVI, 1. Ib. 36ᵇ, a. e. מע׳ חבירו a woman who is with child of another man (divorced or widowed during pregnancy). Gen. R. s. 85 מלכים אני מע׳ גואלים אני מע׳ I am pregnant with kings, with redeemers (kings and redeemers are destined to be of my offspring). Yeb. III, 10; a. fr.—4) (v. עִיבּוּר) to extend the city limits, for the purpose of defining Sabbath distances, in cases of buildings projecting beyond the city lines (outskirts). Erub. V, 1 כיצד מְעַבְּרִין וכ׳ (v. אָבַר), defined ib. 53ᵃ; Y. ib. V, beg. 22ᵇ; Y. Ber. VII, 12ᶜ top כאשה עוברה like a pregnant woman; Tosef. Ber. VI (V), 1; a. e.—6) to complement, add to, esp. to intercalate a month, (second Adar); proclaim a leap year; to complement a month (v. מָלֵא) by assigning to it an additional day (thirty days). Tosef. Snh. II, 1 שנים אומרים צריכה לְעַבֵּר if two judges say, it is necessary to intercalate a month. Ib. 2 על שלשה סימנים מעברין וכ׳ on three indications the intercalation is decided; על שנים מעברין וכ׳ when two of them exist, the intercalation is decreed. Ib. ואם עִיבְּרוּהָ הרי זו מעוברת but if they proclaimed it a leap-year, it remains a leap-year; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְעוּבָּר; f. מְעוּבֶּרֶת. R. Hash. 19ᵇ אלול מע׳ an Elul of thirty days. Snh. 11ᵇ אינה מע׳ the year is not a leap-year (the declared intercalation is invalid); a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְעַבֵּר, Nithpa. נִתְעַבֵּר to swell (with anger), to become wroth. Sifré Num. 135 (expl. ויתעבר, Deut. III, 26) כאדם שאומר נ׳ בי פלוני נתמלא וכ׳ as a man says, that man (became full) got wroth with me, meaning, he was filled with wrath against me; Yalk. Deut. 818; Sifré Deut. 29 כאשה שאינה יכולה לשוח מפני עוברה (swelled,) like a woman that cannot bend down on account of the child she is pregnant with; v. עֶבְרָה. to become pregnant. Gen. R. s. 45 מביאה … נִתְעַבְּרָה she conceived on her first intercourse; אין אשה מִתְעַבֶּרֶת וכ׳ no woman conceives on &c.; Yeb. 34ᵃ. Ib. 34ᵇ כדי שלא תִתְעַבֵּר וכ׳ that she may not become with child, and her beauty &c., v. כָּחַשׁ. B. Kam. IX, 1 ונתעברה אצלו, v. supra; a. fr. to be extended, to be consolidated into one township. Y. Erub. V, 22ᵇ bot. יכול אני … בית מעון מתעברת וכ׳ I can cause Beth Ma‘on and Tiberias to be considered one township (as regards Sabbath distances). to be added to, to be proclaimed a full month (of thirty days), a leap-year (of thirteen months). Y. R. Hash. III, beg. 58ᶜ ניסן לא נ׳ מימיו Nisan was never made a full month (by decree of the court); Y. Shebi. X, beg. 39ᵇ; a. e.—Snh. 12ᵃ ראויה … שתִּתְעַבֵּר that year ought to have been a leap-year. B. Mets. נִתְעַבְּרָה השנה נתע׳ לשוכר if the year was made a leap-year, the tenant (that rented by the year) reaps the benefit of the intercalation. R. Hash. 19ᵇ; a. fr. Nif. נֶעֱבַר (with עֲבֵרָה) to be committed. Tosef. B. Kam. X, 3 בהמה ונֶעֶבְרָה בה עבירה if one stole a beast, and some sinful act was committed on it (by which it became forbidden for any benefit); (B. Kam. IX, 2, a. fr. נעבדה … עבירה). ↗ expanded

עֲבַר , to pass, cross, step over, forgive &c. (v. preced.). Impf. יְעִיבַּר; infin. מִיעִיבַּר. Targ. Gen. XXXII, 17. Ib. XII, 6. Targ. O. Deut. XVII, 2 מִיעִיבַּר ed. Berl. (oth. ed. מֶעְבַּר, מֶעֱבַר; Y. מֵעִיבַר). Targ. Ps. CXXIV, 4; a. v. fr.—Sabb. 40ᵃ האי מאן דע׳ אדרבנן he who disregards Rabbinical enactments. Y. ib. VII, 9ᵃ top; Y. Yeb. VIII, 9ᶜ עַבְרַת בידך וכ׳, v. בְּדִי I. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 43ᵇ bot. מהו נִיעֲבוֹר קומוי how about passing it by?; … עבור וסמי עיניה pass it and ignore it, v. סְמֵי; Y. Ber. II, 4ᵇ מהו מִיעֲבוֹר (not מיהו); Y. Shek. II, 47ᵃ top; a. fr. Af. אַעְבַּר, אַעַבַּר as preced. Hif. Targ. O. Lev. XVIII, 21 לאָעַבָרָא ed. Berl. (oth. ed. לאַעְבָּ׳, לאַעֲבָ׳). Targ. Gen. XLVII, 21. Targ. Ex. XXXVI, 6.—Targ. II Sam. XII, 13.—Targ. Mic. VII, 18; a. v. fr.—Esp. (b. h. עִבֵּר) to pass through; to bar. Targ. I Kings VI, 21. Targ. O. Ex. XXXVI, 33.—Part. pass. מַעְבַּר passed through, barring. Ib. XXVI, 28.—Ḥag. 5ᵃ מַעְבִּיר במיליה = h. מַעֲבִיר על מדותיו, v. preced. a. מִדָּה. Pa. עַבַּר to be with child, to conceive. Targ. Ps. LI, 7 עַבְּרַת (ed. Lag. עברית, Bxt. עֲבָרַת, corr. acc.). Targ. Y. Num. XI, 12 (ed. Vien. עֲבָרִית, corr. acc.); a. fr.—Part. pass. f. מְעַבְּרָא, מְעַבְּרָה, מְעַבַּרְתָּא; pl. מְעַבְּרָתָא. Targ. Y. Gen. XVI, 11. Ib. XXXVIII, 24; a. e.—B. Kam. 47ᵃ פרה מע׳ a pregnant cow. Ḥull. 59ᵇ אַפִּילוּ כל מע׳ all pregnant women miscarried; a. e. as preced. Hif., to cause to pass; to remove, displace; to cover up. Ab. Zar. 65ᵇ מְעַבֵּר להו מעברא he passed them over the ford. Yoma 33ᵇ עַבּוּרֵי דרעא וכ׳, v. דְּרָעָא. Erub. 65ᵃ, v. פּוּק. Ḥull. 18ᵃ שמתיה ועַבְּרֵיה he excommunicated him and removed him (from his office). Ib. מְעַבְּרִינָן ליה וכ׳ we remove him and declare his meat ṭ’refah. Ber. 27ᵇ תא ונְעַבְּרֵיה come, let us displace him. Ib. 39ᵃ לעבורי זוהמא to carry off foul matter. Y. Ber. II, 4ᶜ bot. הוה מעבר וכ׳ covered it with a sheet, v. פַּלְיוּם; a. fr.—Yeb. 63ᵇ עבורו, v. infra. to declare a full month, a leap year. Targ. I Chr. XII, 32. Targ. Cant. VII, 5; a. e.—Snh. 11ᵇ בתר דעַבְּרוּהָ after they had declared it a leap year. R. Hash. 20ᵃ עַבְּרוּהָ לאלול they have declared Elul a full month; a. e.—Part. pass. מְעַבַּר; f. מְעַבַּרְתָּא. Snh. 12ᵇ שתא מע׳ a leap year; a. e. Ithpa. אִתְעַבַּר, אִיעַבַּר to become pregnant. Targ. Y. Gen. XIX, 36, sq.; a. e.—Yeb. 45ᵃ אִיעַבְּרָא מכותי was with child by a Samaritan. to get over it, to be appeased. Yeb. 63ᵇ מתקיף … ועַבּוּרֵי איעברא במילא she is irascible, but is easily appeased with a word. to be waded through, be crossed. Targ. Ez. XLVII, 5. ↗ expanded

עֵבֶר 1 (b. h.) pr. n. m. Eber, a descendant of Shem, believed to have maintained schools (oracles) in connection with Shem. Gen. R. s. 63 (ref. to Gen. XXV, 22) למדרשו של שם וע׳ to the school of Shem and Eber. Gen. R. s. 37 נביא גדול היה ע׳ וכ׳ E. was a great prophet, for he gave names alluding to coming events. Ib. s. 42 (expl. העברי, Gen. XIV, 13) שהוא מבני בניו של ע׳ because he is a descendant of Eber; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֵבֶר 2 border, bank, side. Gen. R. s. 42 (expl. העברי, v. preced.) כל העולם כולו מֵעֵ׳ אחד וכ׳ the whole world was on one side (idolaters), and he (Abraham) on the other side; שהוא מע׳ הנהר וכ׳ because he came from the banks of the river (Euphrates), and spoke the Hebrew language (v. עִבְרִו).—מע׳ לים beyond the sea. Erub. 55ᵃ (ref. to Deut. XXX, 12) … אם מע׳ לים לעבור אחריה if the Law be beyond the sea, thou must go over to learn it. ↗ expanded

עֵבַר , v. עֵיבַר II, a. next w. ↗ expanded

עַבְּרָא (עֲבַר Pa.) bar, bolt. Targ. O. Ex. XXVI, 28 (ed. Berl. עָבְרָא). Targ. Jud. XVI, 3 (ed. Wil. עִבְּרָא).—Erub. 102ᵃ, a. fr. עִיבְּרָא דרשא the door bolt.—Pl. עַבְּרִין, עַבְּרִי Targ. O. Ex. XXVI, 26, sq.; a. e. ↗ expanded

עִבְרָאָה , v. עִבְרַי ↗ expanded

עֲבָרָאֵי , v. עִבְרַי end. ↗ expanded

עֲבֵרָה , v. עֲבֵירָה ↗ expanded

עֻבָּרָה , v. עוּבָּרָה ↗ expanded

עֲבָרָה (עָבַר) = הַעֲבָרָה q. v. passing by; ע׳ מ־ passing from one act to another, ceasing. Y. B. Kam. II, 3ᵃ top בשעת עֲבָרָתָן while they were passing by. Nidd. I, 7 בשעת עברתן מלאכול וכ׳ when they cease to eat T’rumah. ↗ expanded

עֶבְרָה [swelling, running over,] anger, indignation. Ex. R. s. 15 שהע׳ שאני עובר קשה היא severe is the anger with which I am filled. Tanḥ. Vaëthḥ. 6 נתמלא הקב"ה בע׳ עליו the Lord was filled with anger at him (with ref. to Deut. III, 26). Yalk. Deut. 820 (expl. ויתעבר, Deut. l. c.) נתמלא עלי ע׳. Gen. R. s. 13 שהיא אוספת את הע׳ it calls in the wrath (i.e. it is a sign of forgiveness, with ref. to Ps. LXXXV, 4); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִבְרִי (b. h.) Hebrew; (לשין) ע׳ Hebrew language; (כתב) ע׳ Hebrew character, type. Kidd. I, 2 עבד ע׳ a Hebrew slave; אמה הע׳ a Hebrew handmaid. Gen. R. s. 42 ומשיח בלשון ע׳, v. עֵבֶר II. Gitt. IX, 6 עד אחד עברי וכ׳ if one witness signed in Hebrew type, and the other in Greek, and again one in Hebrew &c. Ib. 8 גט שכתבו עברית וכ׳ if a letter of divorce was written in Hebrew, and its witnesses signed in Greek. Y. Meg. I, 71ᵇ bot.; Esth. R. to I, 22, a. e. ע׳ לדיבור the Hebrew language is adapted for oratory; a. fr.—Meg. 18ᵃ קראה … עברית if he read the Megillah in a trans-Euphratean (Aramaic) translation.—Pl. עִבְרִים, עִבְרִיִּים; f. עִבְרִיּוֹת. Ib. עברית לע׳ an Aramaic translation read before Aramæan Jews. Ex. R. s. 3 למה קורא אותם ע׳ על שם שעברו ים why does he call them ‘Ibriim (Ex. III, 18)? Because they passed the sea (on going to Egypt). Ex. R. s. 1. Pesik. R. s. 23; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִבְרַי Targ. Gen. XIV, 13 (Y. ed. Vien. עיברא, corr. acc.). Ib. XXXIX, 14; 17 (not עִבְרָאֵי); a. fr.—Pl. עִבְרָאֵי, עִי׳. Ib. XL, 15; a. fr.—[Targ. Num. XXVII, 12; Targ. Deut. XXXII, 49 טורא דעִ׳ ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. עֲבָרָאֵי, עַבְרָאֵי; h. text הַר הָעֲבָרִים.]—Pesik. Vayhi, p. 65ᵃ; Pesik. R. s. 17; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲבַרְיָין (עָבַר, v. עֲבֵירָה) renegade. Nidd. 13ᵇ נקרא ע׳ may be called a renegade (to idolatry). ↗ expanded

עֲבַרְיָינָא Sabb. 40ᵃ bot. שרי למקרי ליה ע׳ it is permitted to call him an apostate. ↗ expanded

עֹבַרְתָּא , v. עוֹבַרְתָּא ↗ expanded

עֻגָּא , v. עוּגָּא ↗ expanded

*עַגְבָאֵי ‘Agbeans, ‘Ăgebeans, a tribe in Ituræa, cmp. אַרְגּוֹב. Targ. Ez. XLVII, 16 בריכת ע׳ (ed. Lag. עגי׳) the pond of the ‘Agebeans (h. text חצר התיכון). ↗ expanded

עֲגָבָה , pl. עֲגָבוֹת (עגב to be round) rump, buttocks (cmp. עָקֵב). Snh. 38ᵇ עִגְבוֹתָיו … מאקרא וכ׳ (not עגביותין) the earth for Adam’s rump was taken from Aḳra &c.; Yalk. Ps. 888. Nidd. 30ᵇ וב׳ עקביו על ב׳ עגבותיו and its (the foetus’) two heels lie against the two sides of its rump; Lev. R. s. 14; Yalk. ib. 547. Ber. 24ᵃ ע׳ … משום ערוה the contact of posteriors (of two persons lying in one bed) does not come under the class of indecency (as regards prayer). Sabb. 152ᵃ (expl. החגב, Koh. XII, 5) אלו ע׳ that means the rump; (comment. the genitals; Lev. R. s. 18 לוז של שדרה; Koh. R. to XII, 5 קרסוליו). ↗ expanded

עָגַג ) (cmp. עגל) [to round, roll, press; denom. עוּגָּה, fr. which] to draw (cmp. חגג). Taan. III, 8 (19ᵃ); 23ᵃ עג עוגה he drew a circle.—[ to make a cake. Ez. IV, 12.] ↗ expanded

עָגָה , v. אָגָא ↗ expanded

עֻגָּה , v. עוּגָּה ↗ expanded

עָגוּל ‘Agul. Y. Yeb. VI, 7ᶜ bot. ר׳ חנינה בר ע׳, v. עֲטַל. ↗ expanded

עָגוֹל round. Nidd. VIII, 4 (58ᵇ) ע׳ a round blood-stain, opp. משוך lengthy. Y. Pes. VIII, 36ᵃ bot. גל ע׳ a round heap of debris, opp. ארוך. Snh. IV, 3; Ex. R. s. 5 גורן ע׳, v. גּוֹרֶן. Y. Erub. II, 20ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲגוֹל (preced.; v. עִיגּוּל) round cake, loaf. Targ. Y. Ex. XXIX, 23 (h. text ככר).—Pl. עֲגוּלִין. Ib. XL, 4. ↗ expanded

עִגּוּל , v. sub. עִיגּ׳. ↗ expanded

עֲגוּלְגּוֹלֶת (preced. wds.) round, rolling. Ḥull. 64ᵃ; Ab. Zar. 40ᵃ, v. כָּדַר; Tosef. Ḥull. III (IV), 23 (not … לית). ↗ expanded

עָגִיל (preced. wds.) circle. Tosef. Neg. VI, 3, v. עִיגּוּל. ↗ expanded

עֲגִיל (preced. wds.) round shield. Targ. Ps. XXXV, 2 (h. text צנה). Targ. II Chr. IX, 15; a. e.—Pl. עֲגִילִין; עֲגִילַיָּא. Ib. Targ. Ez. XXIII, 24. Targ. II Chr. XXIII, 9; a. e.—Targ. Ps. XLVI, 10, v. עֲגַלְתָּא I. ↗ expanded

עָגַל to be round; to roll; to circle. Sabb. 85ᵇ ועוֹגֵל בה חמשה and inscribes in it a circle of five in diameter. Nif. נֶעֱגַל to be rounded. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵇ הוא נסלל ונע׳ the cut in the skin of an animal (whose heart has been taken out while alive) rebounds and becomes rounded. Pi. עִגֵּל to draw a circle. Part. מְעַגֵּל, v. חוֹנִי. Taan. III, 8; a. e. to roll, press, make even. Maasr. I, 8 המגורה משיְעַגֵּל when the figs are stored in a bin, they are subject to tithes when he has pressed them. Ib. היה דש … ומעגל וכ׳ if after treading figs in a vessel or pressing in a bin &c. Macc. II, 1 היה מֹעגל במעגילה if he was levelling the roof with a roller, v. מַעֲגִילָה; Y. ib. II, beg. 31ᶜ (also מַעֲגִיל, Hif.). to roll on an oiled surface, to smooth a person’s skin. Tosef. Ter. X, 10 ומְעַגְּלוֹ על גביו and oints it (the child) by rolling it on his own body; Y. Maas. Sh. II, 53ᶜ top ומעגלו ע"ג מיעיו. to round off, form a round body, v. infra. Hif. הֶעֱגִיל to round off, form a round body. Ohol. VII, 4 עד שיַעֲגִילוּ ראש כפיקה; Tosef. ib. VIII, 8 שעִגְּלוּ וכ׳ (v. R. S. to Ohol. l. c.), v. פִּיקָא I. to roll, v. supra. Hithpa. הִתְעַגֵּל to form globules. Nidd. 56ᵃ מה רוק שמִתְעַגֵּל ויוצא וכ׳ as the secretion in the mouth is formed in globules on being discharged &c.; ib. 19ᵇ to roll one’s self on an oiled surface, to smooth one’s skin. Tosef. Ter. l. c. על טבלה של שייש להִתְעַגֵּל עליה on a marble plate to anoint himself upon it. Ib. 11; Tosef. Sabb. III (IV), 17; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲגַל 1 , to be round. Y. Erub. II, 20ᵃ בהן דעֵגְלִין in the case of those stones which are round (forming a fence). Pa. עַגֵּיל to round off. Men. 94ᵇ דעַגֵּיל להו מִיעַגֵּל he rounded them off. to twine around. Y. Kil. IX, end, 32ᵈ [read:] נסב פסקיא דעמר ועַגְּלָהּ וכ׳ (v. פְּסִיקְיָא) he took a woolen band and wound it around both of them. ↗ expanded

עֵגֶל (b. h.) calf. Sabb. V, 4. Tosef. Bekh. VI, 13; Kidd. 8ᵃ (Ar. עִגּוּל). Pes. 112ᵃ, v. יָנַק; a. fr.—Esp. הע׳ the golden calf which the Israelites made in the desert. Tosef. Sabb. I, 17 אותו … שעשוי בו הע׳ that day was as ominous to Israel as the day whereon they made the golden calf; Sabb. 17ᵃ. Sot. 14ᵃ שכיפר על מעשה הע׳ he made atonement for the sin of the golden calf; a. v. fr.—[Tosef. Neg. VI, 3 בית הע׳ Var., v. עִיגּוּל.]—Pl. עֲגָלִים. Snh. 63ᵇ; a. fr.—[Ab. d’R. N. ch. VI, end מביאין הע׳, read: העִגּוּלִים, v. עִיגּוּל.]—Fem. עֶגְלָה heifer. Sot. VII, 2 פרשת ע׳ ערופה the verses to be read at the ceremony of breaking the heifer’s neck (Deut. XXI, 7 sq.). Ib. IX, 7 (47ᵇ) אם נערפה הע׳ וכ׳ if the murderer was found after the heifer’s neck was broken. Gen. R. s. 44 הראה לו … ע׳ ערופה the Lord showed Abraham the ceremony of &c. Sot. 45ᵃ מדידת ע׳ the measuring which is done for the ceremony of &c. (to ascertain the nearest town). Par. I, 1 ע׳ בת שנתה וכ׳ heifer (mentioned in the Law) means one not yet one year old, and cow means one two years old; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲגַל 2 v. עֵיגַל ↗ expanded

עֲגַל 3 (עֲגַל) [rolling,] swiftness; בע׳, לע׳ very soon, swiftly, suddenly. Targ. Job XX, 5. Targ. Prov. XXIX, 1. Targ. II Esth. VI, 10 בע׳ בע׳ make haste.—Ber. 18ᵇ דלע׳ קא אתית because thou shalt soon come (to us, the dead). Snh. 52ᵃ כי היכי דלישרוף לע׳ in order that he may be burnt to death so much sooner; Pes. 75ᵃ כי היכי דתימות בע׳ (Ms. O. לעגל) that she may die the sooner; Yalk. Lev. 630; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֶגְלָא 1 heifer, v. עֶגְלְתָא. ↗ expanded

עֶגְלָא 2 wagon, v. עֲגַלְתָּא I. ↗ expanded

עִגְלָה , בְּרֵיכַת ע׳ the Pond of ‘Igla. Targ. Jer. XXXI, 38 (ed. Lag. עיגליא; h. text גֹּעָה). ↗ expanded

עֶגְלָה heifer, v. עֵגֶל. ↗ expanded

עֲגָלָה [roller,] wagon. Bets. II, 10 ע׳ של קטן children’s wagon. Sabb. V, 4 בע׳ שתחת וכ׳ with the little wagon under the tail (to protect the latter from friction, v. חֲמַט II); a. e.—Pl. עֲגָלוֹת. Kel. XXIV, 2 שלש ע׳ הן וכ׳ there are three classes of wagons (with regard to levitical cleanness), one shaped like a cathedra; like a couch …, and one for stones (loads). Gen. R. s. 95; a. e.—Esp. עֲגָלָה the constellation called Charles’ Wain (Ursa Major). Pes. 94ᵇ ↗ expanded

עֲגַלְתָּא 1 Targ. O. Num. VII, 3 עֲגַלְ׳ ed. Berl. (oth. ed. a. Y. עֶגְלְתָא, עִגְ׳; Ms. II עֵגְלָא). Targ. Is. XXVIII, 27 (ed. Lag. עגלה); ib. 28; a. e.—Esp. Charles’ Wain. Ber. 58ᵇ bot. רישא דע׳ the head-star of the Wain; [Rashi: the head of the Ox (Taurus)].—Pl. עַגְלָן, עֵ׳, עַגְלָתָא. Targ. O. Gen. XLV, 21. Ib. 27 (ed. Vien. עֲגַלָּ׳). Targ. Ps. XLVI, 10 Ms. (ed. תריסיא עגילין round shields). ↗ expanded

עֲגַלְתָּא 2 = h. עוֹגֶל, basin. Y. Sabb. III, 6ᵃ bot. מיתן … גו ע׳ to put the bottle of oil into a basin (of hot water), v. נַטְלָא. ↗ expanded

עֶגְלְתָא f. = h. עֶגְלָה. Targ. Y. Gen. XV, 9. Targ. Deut. XXI, 4 (O. ed. Berl. עֲגַלְתָּא). Targ. O. ib. 3 עֶגְלַת (ed. Berl. עַגְלַת; Y. עֵיגְלָת). Targ. Hos. X, 11; a. e.—V. עֵיגַל ↗ expanded

עָגַם to be bent, weighed down. Part. pass. עָגוּם; f. עֲגוּמָה; (cmp. כָּפַף, כָּפַת) a) pressed down, tied. Num. R. s. 10 לשונו ע׳ his (the drunken man’s) tongue is tied.—Trnsf. (of a woman) עֲגוּמָה tied to an absent husband, prevented from marrying (cmp. עָגַן). Y. Snh. VI, 23ᶜ עד מתי … ואני יושבת ע׳ בביתי how long yet shall my husband dwell with thee (Alexandria), and I (Jerusalem) sit a living widow in my house; Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵈ ע׳ עליו … tied (lonely) for his sake.—b) bent down, grieving. Lev. R. s. 1 היתה נפשו של משה ע׳ עליו Moses’ soul within him grieved. Lev. R. s. 34 שנפשן ע׳ עליהן who are in grief. Ber. 55ᵇ הרואה חלום ונפשו ע׳ he who has had a dream and is worried about it; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲגַם Targ. Job XXX, 25.—Part. pass. עָגִים; f. עֲגִימָא, עֲגִימָה; pl. עֲגִימָן. Targ. Ruth I, 13 (h. text תעגנה).—Y. Meg. III, 74ᵃ top מן גו דנפשהון ע׳ וכ׳ since they will grieve (because they are deprived of the reading of the Law), they will go and buy another scroll. ↗ expanded

עַגְמָה (preced.) grief, v. אַגְמָה. ↗ expanded

עָגַן v. עָגַם) to bend; to tie.—V. עוֹגֵין.—Part. pass. f. עֲגוּנָה tied to an absent husband, deserted wife. Y. Gitt. IV, beg. 45ᶜ שלא תהא יושבת ע׳ that she may not remain a deserted wife (prevented from marrying again); a. fr.—Pl. עֲגוּנוֹת. Ruth R. to I, 13 (ref. to תעגנה, ib.) יכולות … יושבות ע׳ לבלתי וכ׳ can you afford to sit tied, so as not to get married? Gitt. 33ᵃ, a. fr. מפני תקנת ע׳ as a measure in favor of deserted wives (that they may be enabled to marry again). Lev. R. s. 20 הרבה נשים היו יושבות ע׳ ממתינות להם many women (to whom they had made love) remained unmarried, waiting for them (to propose); Tanḥ. Aḥăré 6; a. e.—Trnsf. (of animals in the stable) left lonely. Tosef. B. Kam. VIII, 12 מהו לגדל בהמה … מקיימין את הע׳ שלשים יום how about rearing (for consumption, v. B. Kam. 80ᵃ) small cattle in Palestine?… That which remains last (after the others have been disposed of) should be kept (no more than) thirty days; B. Kam. 80ᵃ ובלבד שלא ישהה הע׳ שבהן שלשים יום (Tosef. l. c. האחרונה) provided he do not keep the last of them over thirty days. *. עִגֵּן to press against; to smooth. Tosef. Ter. X, 4 מְעַגֶּנֶת שערה בשערה Var. ed. Zuck. (ed. Zuck. מְעַנֶּגֶת, v. עָנַג; oth. ed. מְעַגֶּלֶת, v. עָגַל) she may smooth her own hair by rubbing it against her (the priest’s daughter’s) hair. ↗ expanded

עֲגַן , to press, tie; to seclude, imprison. Targ. Is. XXIV, 22 וִיעַגְנוּנוּן וכ׳ and they shall press them into the prison house (ed. Lag. ויגונונון, ed. Ven. ויגינונון, contr. of ויַעְגִּינוּ׳ Af.(?); Ar. ויִעַגְּנוּן Ithpa.; h. text סֻגְּרוּ).—Part. pass. עָגִין; pl. עֲגִינִין. Ib. XLII, 7. Ib. 22, v. next w. Ib. XLIX, 9. Pa. עַגֵּן to make lonely, desert (a wife). Gitt. 26ᵇ ומְעַגַּן ומותיב לה he might desert her. Ithpa. אִתְעַגֵּן, אִיעַגֵּן to be secluded, tied up; (of a woman) to be prevented from marrying, be an עֲגוּנָה. B. Mets. 19ᵃ משום דלא תִתְעַגֵּן ותתיב הוא Ms. M. (ed. תעגין, corr. acc.) it was done in order that she might not remain a widow in life. ↗ expanded

עַגְנָא (preced.) solitude, prison. Targ. Is. XXIV, 22 לבית ע׳, v. preced. Ib. XLII, 22 עַגְנְהוֹן Ar. (Regia עַגְנֵיהוֹן pl.; ed. Lag. עִיגּוּנְהוֹן; ed. Wil. עֲגִינִין, v. preced.). ↗ expanded

עַגְעַג to roll, v. גַּעְגַּע. ↗ expanded

עִגְּרוֹן (עָגַר = אָגַר) = אִגְּרוּ, apt for storage, superior (wheat). Tosef. Dem. IV, 23 (ed. Zuck. אֵגֹרִי, v. אֵגוֹרִי); Y. Naz. V, 54ᵃ אגרון. ↗ expanded

עֲגַשׁ (dial. for נְגַשׁ; cmp. Pesh. Ex. XXI, 29; 36) to attack, gore. Part. f. עֲגִישָׁא. Gen. R. s. 80, beg. Ar., v. נְגַשׁ. ↗ expanded

עַד turn, continuation; (prep.) up to, until, during, while; in place of. B. Mets. 87ᵃ; Snh. 107ᵇ עד אברהם up to Abraham’s time, v. זִקְנָה. B. Kam. 55ᵃ עד שאתה שואלני וכ׳ during the time that &c., instead of asking me &c. Gen. R. s. 58 עד שלא ישקיע וכ׳ before yet the Lord causes the sun of one righteous man to set, he causes that of another to rise. Kidd. 29ᵇ עד כ׳ שנה until a person is twenty years old. Ib. 31ᵃ עד היכן כיבוד וכ׳ how far does the duty of honoring parents go?; a. v. fr.—Ber. 26ᵇ (ref. to ib. IV, 1 ‘up to four hours’) עד וָעַד בכלל וכ׳ does it mean ‘up to’, and that ‘up to’ included, i.e. including the whole fourth hour of the day, or excluding the fourth hour? Nidd. 58ᵇ לימא בעד ועד בכלל קמיפלגי shall we say, their difference turns on the question whether ‘until’ is meant to include or to exclude the terminus? Ib. איכא עד ועד בכלל ואיכא עד ולא עד בכלל sometimes ‘until’ means inclusive of, and sometimes exclusive of. Ib. קמיפלגי בעד ועד דהכא they differ as to the meaning of the word ‘until’ in this case (in the Mishnah); a. fr.—בַּעַד, בְּעַד (cmp. עֲבוּר) in behalf of, for, about. Midr. Till. to Ps. IV וכי … הפונדק בַּעֲדֵינוּ (our w. missing in ed. Bub.) has that innkeeper opened his shop for the first time today, for our benefit? Midr. Till. to Ps. XII שאל בַּעֲדוֹ וכ׳ he inquired about him, where is he?; a. e.—וָעֶד, v. עוֹלָם. ↗ expanded

עַד ² Targ. Gen. II, 5. Ib. XIV, 14; a. v. fr.—B. Bath. 21ᵃ עד שית לא תקביל up to six years of age admit no child to school. Gen. R. s. 44ᵃ, a. e. עד דסנדלך, v. כּוּבָּא I. Lam. R. to III, 20 עד דשמינא וכ׳, v. חֲשִׁיךְ II; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֹד v. עוֹד ↗ expanded

עד , Targ. O. Lev. XI, 13 ed. Amst., v. עַר. ↗ expanded

עֵד [present, confirming,] (cmp. סהד) witness, evidence. Ḥull. 10ᵇ, a. e. עד אחד נאמן וכ׳ in matters of ritual the statement of one witness is sufficient. Bekh. 36ᵃ, a. e. עד מפי עד a witness testifying to what he has heard from an eye-witness. R. Hash. 26, a. e. אין עד נעשה דיין a witness in the case cannot act as judge. Keth. 21ᵇ עד נעשה דיין a witness may act as judge; a. v. fr.—Pl. עֵדִים. Ib. דיינים המכירין חתימות ידי ע׳ if the judges know (can identify) the signatures of the witnesses to a document. Ib. II, 3 הע׳ שאמרו וכ׳ if witnesses declare, this is our signature, but we have been forced &c. Ib. 5 אם יש ע׳ וכ׳ if there is evidence that she was a married woman.—Kidd. 48ᵃ, a. fr. עידֵי חתימה, ע׳ מסירה, v. כְּרַת; a. v. fr.—Trnsf. evidence, proof. Sabb. 81ᵃ אם יש עליה עד (euphem.) if there is an evidence (stain of excrements) on it. B. Kam. 11ᵃ top (ref. to Ex. XXII, 12) יביא עד עורה Ar. (ed. אדורה, עדודה, v. אָדַר) he shall offer in evidence its hide.—Esp. a piece of cloth used by women for ascertaining their condition of cleanness or uncleanness. Nidd. VIII, 4 עד שהוא נתון וכ׳ if an examining rag (after use) has been put under the cushion &c. Ib. 14ᵇ; 12ᵃ משל לשמש ועד וכ׳ to speak allegorically (euphemistically), the servant and the examiner stand by the side of the threshold &c. (v. שַׁמָּשׁ). Ib. זהו עֵדָן של צנועות (Ar. עֵידָן) this (special) rag is that of the chaste women; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Ib. I, 7. Ib. II, 1; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֵדָא , v. עֵידָא ↗ expanded

עֲדָא , v. עֲדֵי ↗ expanded

עָדָא 1 f. = אָדָא I. Bekh. 45ᵇ ע׳ אמרה this proves. Pes. 53ᵇ ע׳ תהא let it be this (I admit).—V. עָדֵי I ↗ expanded

עָדָא 2 (עֲדֵי II) plunderer.—Pl. עָדַיָּא. Targ. Jer. XXX, 16. ↗ expanded

עֲדָאָה (preced.) booty, spoil. Targ. O. Num. XXXI, 11, sq. Targ. I Sam. XXX, 16; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַדְבָא (עדב, עדו; cmp. עָדַף) [rolling; cmp. גּוֹרָל] lot, share. Targ. O. Gen. XLIX, 21. Targ. Deut. XXXII, 9. Targ. Esth. IX, 24 עדווא ed. Lag. Targ. Cant. VIII, 11 עִידְבֵיה (Var. עִידְוֵיה).—Pl. עַדְבִין, עַדְבַיָּא. Targ. I Sam. XIV, 42. Targ. Y. Num. XVIII, 7; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֵדָה 1 [appointed meeting,] assembly, congregation; court; prayer meeting. Tosef. Snh. XII, 3 (ref. to Ex. XXI, 18) מה אגרוף הידוע לע׳ ילעדים וכ׳ as the fist (of the slayer) is ascertained before court and witnesses, so must the stone (weapon) be &c.; B. Kam. 90ᵇ; ib. 91ᵃ. Snh. I, 6 (ref. to Num. XXXV, 24, sq.) ע׳ שופטת וע׳ מצלת there must be a possibility of an incriminating assembly (of ten persons), and of a saving assembly, which makes twenty persons; ומנין לע׳ שהיא וכ׳ and where do we find an intimation that an ‘edah consists of ten?; Y. Ber. IV, 11ᶜ top; a. fr.—Y. Maas. Sh. II, end, 53ᵈ; Koh. R. to IX, 9; Yalk. ib. 989 ע׳ קדושה the holy brotherhood. ↗ expanded

*עֵדָה 2 = עֵדוּת, testimony. Tosef. Bekh. III, 8 שכר עֵדָתוֹ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. עדותו) pay for his testimony.—Pl. עֵדוֹת. Bekh. IV, 6 (29ᵃ) עֵדוֹתָיו בטילין masc. (Var. in Mish. ed. עדותו בטילה) his testimonies are void; (Kidd. 58ᵇ עדותו בטילה). ↗ expanded

עַדְוָא , v. עַדְבָא ↗ expanded

עִדּוּי , v. sub עִידּ׳. ↗ expanded

עֵדוּת v. עֵד) testimony, evidence. Ber. 14ᵇ כאילו מעיד ע׳ וכ׳ as if offering evidence of falsehood against himself. Succ. 29ᵃ מעידי ע׳ שקר those who give false witness. Sabb. 22ᵇ (ref. to Lev. XXIV, 3) ע׳ היא לבאי עולם וכ׳ it (the light in the Temple) is an evidence to mankind that the Divine Presence dwells in Israel; Men. 86ᵇ. Ib. מאי עֵדוּתָהּ how did it give evidence (of the Divine Presence)?; Sabb. l. c. מאי עדות (corr. acc., as Ms. M.). Macc. 5ᵃ גופה של ע׳ (not עדיות) the testimony to the fact itself, v. סָרָה. Ib. I, 7 אם מתקיימת הע׳ בשנים וכ׳ if an evidence is legally established by two witnesses, why does the Scripture mention three? Ib. 8 מה שנים … עֵדוּתָן בטלה וכ׳ as in the case of two witnesses, if one of them is found out to be a relative or a disqualified witness, their testimony is void, so in the case of three &c.—Ex. R. s. 41 מה כלה … כל מי שיודע לי ע׳ וכ׳ as the bride … on entering her chamber (in procession) uncovers her face, as if saying, whoever knows any evidence against me, let him come …, so must the scholar &c.; Yalk. ib. 391; Cant. R. to IV, 11 וזו עֵדוּתִי מעידה עלי and this (procession) is my testimonial testifying for me; a. v. fr.—Trnsf. (v. סַהֲדוּ) tokens of virginity. Gen. R. s. 60 ממקום עֵדוּתָן Ar. (ed. ערותן) at the seat of virginity. Gen. R. s. 45; s. 51 הוציאו עדותן Ar. (ed.; Yalk. ib. 79 ערותן).—Pl. עֵדָיוֹת. Macc. I, 9 הרי אלו שתי ע׳ these are two testimonies (two independent sets of witnesses); a. fr.—‘Eduyoth, name of a treatise, of the Order of N’ziḳin, of the Mishnah and Tosefta, containing statements of traditional deliveries and rules. Ber. 28ᵃ ע׳ בו ביום נשנית on that day ‘Eduyoth was taught. ↗ expanded

עדי [to turn, pass; cmp. סוּר and חוּל,] to pass by; to pass away, v. next w. Hof. הוּעֲדָה to be passed, be caught in passing. Lev. R. s. 26 (ref. to I Sam. XXIV, 11, a. XXVI, 14) בכנף אמרת בסירה ה׳ … בסירה הוּעֲדוּ as to the skirt (of Saul’s cloak) thou saidst, it was caught in a bush: have the spear and the cruise also been caught in the bush?; Num. R. s. 19 הוּעֲדַת (read the second time הועדו); Midr. Till. to Ps. VII; Yalk. Sam. 133, a. e.; (Y. Peah I, 16ᵃ bot.; Y. Sot. I, 17ᵇ הוערת, הוערו, הערת, v. עָרָה). ↗ expanded

עֲדֵי (corresp. to h. עָבַר) to pass by, between &c. Targ. O. Gen. XV, 17 עָדָא ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. די עֲדָא; ed. Amst. עברא). Targ. Is. XLV, 14 יֶעְדּוּן (ed. Lag. יעידון). Targ. II Kings IV, 8 מֵיעִידוֹהִי ed. Lag. (oth. ed. מְעִיד׳; fr. עוּד); a. fr.—Part. עָדֵי, עֲדֵי; pl. עָדָן. Targ. Is. XLIV, 22. Targ. Jer. IX, 11 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. יתיב, corr. acc.). Targ. Ez. XXXIX, 14, sq.; a. fr.—Kidd. 33ᵃ כמה … עֲדוּ עלייהו וכ׳ how many vicissitudes have passed over these (old men); R. Hash. 16ᵃ, v. הַרְפַּתְקָא. (corresp. to h. סוּר מ־) to pass away, cease. Targ. O. Gen. XLIX, 10. Targ. II Chr. XXXV, 15. Targ. O. Deut. IV, 9 יְעִידּוֹן ed. Berl. (oth. יְעִידוּן); a. fr.—Yoma 53ᵇ לא יַעְדֵּי וכ׳ (fr. Gen. XLIX, 10). to carry, become pregnant, v. infra. Gen. R. s. 23 (play on עדה, Gen. IV, 19) דעֲדָה מיניה because she was with child of him. Pa. עַדֵּי to remove. Bets. 32ᵇ עַדּוּיֵי חושכא, v. מָחַט. (cmp. עָבַר Pi.) to carry, be pregnant, conceive. Targ. O. Gen. IV, 1 (Y. Af.). Targ. O. Lev. XII, 2 (ed. Ber. תַעְדֵּי Af.; ed. Vien. תְעָדֵי; Y. תָּעֲדֵי, corr. acc.); a. fr.—Part. pass. f. מְעַדְיָא; pl. מְעַדְיָאתָא, מְעַדְיָיתָא [made to carry,] pregnant. Targ. O. Gen. XVI, 11. Targ. Jer. IV, 31. Targ. Am. I, 13. Targ. Lam. I, 16; a. fr. Ithpa. אִתְעַדָּא, , Ittaf. אִתַּעְדָּא, אִתַּעְדֵּי (corresp. to h. הוסר) to be removed. Targ. O. Lev. IV, 31 (Y. אִתְעָדָא). Ib. 35 (Y. אִתְעָדָא; ed. Amst. אִתְעֲדָא). Targ. Is. XVII, 1. Targ. II Esth. I, 1, beg.; a. e. ↗ expanded

עדי ² to strip. Hif. הֶעֱדָה same, to take off. Lam. R. introd. (R. Ḥan. 1) יום … ה׳ מהן וכ׳ on the day Nebuchadnezzar came in conflict with Israel, he deprived them of two garments, the garment of priesthood and the garment of royalty. ↗ expanded

עֲדֵי ² , to strip, tear; to make spoil. Targ. Is. X, 6. Targ. Ez. XXXVIII, 12, sq.; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲדִי 1 (preced.) spoil. Targ. Is. XXXIII, 23 (ed. Wil. עָדֵי). Targ. Josh. XI, 14 (ed. Wil. עֲדֵי constr.); a. e.—V. עֲדָאָה, עֲדִיתָא.—[V. עָדֵי II.] ↗ expanded

עֲדִי 2 that which is carried or put on, cloak, ornament. Meg. 12ᵇ bot., v. כָּתַר. Esth. R. to V, 1 ע׳ תפארתה her cloak of state. Ib. סומכת עֶדְיָהּ supporting her cloak (trail); a. e.—Pl. עֲדָיִים. Ab. Zar. 24ᵇ מפוארת בעדי ע׳ adorned with the choicest ornaments. ↗ expanded

עָדִי ‘Adi. Ab. Zar. 33ᵃ; Men. 69ᵇ, v. טַיְיעָא. ↗ expanded

עָדֵי 1 (v. עָדָא I) here is, here are. Ber. 42ᵃ ע׳ כפנא this is (what we call) hunger. Gitt. 45ᵃ, v. גּוּבְרָא. Men. 34ᵃ ע׳ פצימין Ms. M. (ed. פצימו, read: פצימיו) here (these extremities of the wall) are its posts. ↗ expanded

עָדֵי 2 (עֲדֵי I), sub נהורא, passing light, flash. Targ. Zech. XIV, 6 (some ed. עֲדִי; h. text יקרות, v. Rashi a. l.; Pesh. עריא cold, P. Sm. 2977).—V. עֲדִי I.] ↗ expanded

עָ׳ עַדְיָא (preced.) a passing eruption, rash, scurf. Targ. O. Lev. XIII, 2, a. e. (h. text ספחת). Ib. 6, a. e. (h. text מספחת).—[Targ. Y. II, Deut. XIV, 12 ed. Amst. עדיא, v. עַרְיָא.] ↗ expanded

עדיין , Targ. Y. II, Gen. VI, 6 some ed., read: אִידַּיַין, v. דִּין I ch. ↗ expanded

עֲדַיִין = אֱדַיִין. Sabb. 88ᵇ; Gitt. 36ᵇ, v. חֲבִיבוּתָא; Yalk. Cant. 983 עֲדַיִן. Cant. R. to II, 5, v. זִיו; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עדילרין , v. עַרְדִּילִין ↗ expanded

עֲדַיִן , v. עֲדַיִין ↗ expanded

עדינין , v. עִידּוֹן ↗ expanded

עָדִיף (עָדַף) ample, liberal. Yalk. Ps. 876 טובך ע׳ על כל באי עולם יַעְדֹּף וכ׳ thy goodness is ample towards all those entering the world, let thy goodness be ample towards me, and teach me thy law. better, preferable, v. next w. ↗ expanded

עָדִיף ² (preced.) more, better, preferable. Targ. Ps. XLV, 3.—Meg. 3ᵇ מקרא מגילה ע׳ the reading of the M’gillah takes precedence; מת מצוה ע׳ the burial of a dead person without relatives (v. מִצְוָה) takes precedence. Yeb. 39ᵃ חליצת גדול ע׳ the discharge of the Y’bamah (v. חֲלִיצָה) by the elder brother is preferable; ביאת קטון ע׳ the marriage of the Y’bamah to the younger brother is preferable; a. fr.—Pl. עֲדִיפֵי. Meg. 3ᵃ אינהו ע׳ מיניה they (Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi) rank higher than he (Daniel); a. fr.–With personal pron. to be better &c. B. Mets. 101ᵇ לא עֲדִיפַת מינאי thou hast no more rights than I have. Keth. 103ᵇ לא עֲדִיפְנָא ממשה וכ׳ I am not more than Moses our teacher; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲדִירָה (עָדַר) hoeing.—Pl. עֲדִירוֹת. Koh. R. to II, 23 עדור לי שתי ע׳ do for me the hoeing of two fields; Gen. R. s. 27 עִדְרִיּוֹת (fr. עֲדֶרֶת). ↗ expanded

עדירין , Y. Keth. VI, 30ᵈ top אשכחינון ע׳ ed. Krot., read ערירין, v. עֲרַר I ↗ expanded

עֲדִישָׁא ʿĂdisha (Khadija), legendary wife of Ishmael. Targ. Y. Gen. XXI, 21. ↗ expanded

עָדִיתָא f., v. עַדְיָא ↗ expanded

עָדִיתָא ² (v. עֲדָאָה) booty, spoil. Targ. Y. Num. XXXI, 11, sq. (ed. Amst. ער׳, corr. acc.). Targ. Prov. XVI, 19.—Lam. R. to II, 13 (ref. to אעידך, ib.), v. בִּיזָּא II. choice dwelling, v. עִידִּיתָא. ↗ expanded

עֲדָל , v. אֲדָל ↗ expanded

עִדָּן , v. עִידָּן ↗ expanded

עָדַן (b. h.) [to turn, v. עוּד,] to be round, smooth, pliant. Pi. עִידֵּן to make pliant; to bend. M. Kat. 16ᵇ (play on עדינו, II Sam. XXIII, 8) כשהיה … היה מְעַדֵּן עצמו וכ׳ when sitting and studying the Law, he made himself pliant like a worm, opp. מקשה עצמו stiffening one’s self. to smooth, lubricate, to improve (the complexion); to refresh, invigorate. Cant. R. to I, 2 מה שמן מְעַדֵּן … מְעַדְּנִים וכ׳ as oil brightens the appearance of the head and the body, so the words of the Law &c. Pes. 43ᵃ משיר … ומעדן את הבשר makes the hair fall out and improves the complexion. Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵇ top אשר … מעדנים לעַדֵּן בהן וכ׳ who created all sorts of delicacies to refresh therewith the soul &c. Gen. R. s. 16 עִדְּנוֹ מכל אילני וכ׳ he nursed him (with fruits) of all the trees of the garden of Eden; ib. לעַדְּנוֹ וכ׳ he had intended to nurse him &c. Sabb. 33ᵇ מרחצאות לעַדֵּן בהן עצמן (Ms. M. לֵעָרֵן בהן; Yalk. Ms. להִתְעַדֵּן, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) (the Romans have erected baths) for their own enjoyment (not for the benefit of the people); Ab. Zar. 2ᵇ; Yalk. Is. 316. Sifré Deut. 306 כל זמן … היו מערבים ומעדנים ומפנקים וכ׳ as long as my son does my will, humor him, nurse him and indulge him and give him to eat and to drink; Yalk. Deut. 942 היו מְעַדְּנִין וכ׳. Sifré l. c. מה רביבים … ומעדנים וכ׳ as the rains come down on the plants and brighten them and embellish them &c.; Yalk. l. c; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְעוּדָּן a) well-nursed, graceful. Y. Ned. IX, end, 41ᶜ (ref. to II Sam. I, 24) אין תכשיט … גוף מע׳ ornamentation becomes only a well-nursed (graceful) body.—b) indulged, used to luxuries. Mekh. Mishp. s. 8 אם היה מרוכך מע׳ מפונק if the wounded man was delicately reared, used to comfort and luxuries; Yalk. Ex. 339. Hif. הֶעֱדִין to surround, bind, connect. Gen. R. s. 10 (ref. to Job XXXVIII, 31 מעדנות וכ׳) כימה מַעֲדֶנֶת וכ׳ the Kimah binds (gives substance and shape to) the fruits; cmp. מָזַר. Hithpa. הִתְעַדֵּן, Nithpa. נִתְעַדֵּן to be made smooth, pliable; to be rejuvenated; to be nursed, recover strength. B. Bath. 120ᵃ נ׳ הבשר ונתפשטו וכ׳ the body was again made smooth, the wrinkles of age were straightened out, and beauty returned &c.; Yalk. Ex. 165. Sabb. 33ᵇ, v. supra. Ned. 8ᵇ מִתְעַדְּנִין בה the righteous will be rejuvenated by it (by basking in the sun). Pesik. Haḥod., p. 102ᵃ יִתְעַדֵּן בני וכ׳ let my son be nursed with food and drink for two or three months; יִתְעַדְּנוּ בני וכ׳ let my children be nursed &c.; Cant. R. to II, 5; Koh. R. to III, 11; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֵדֶן preced.) refreshment, pleasure; esp. ע׳ or גַּן עֵ׳ (abbrev. ג"ע) the garden of Eden; paradise (of the hereafter). Gen. R. s. 15 (ref. to Gen. II, 8) גן גדול מע׳ the garden was larger than Eden, v. גַּן. Gen. R. s. 16 מכל אילני ג"ע, v. preced. Ber. 34ᵇ גן לחוד וע׳ לחוד the garden and Eden are two distinct things. Pes. 54ᵃ שבעה דברים … וג"ע וכ׳ seven things were created before the world was made: the Law, repentance, paradise, Gehenna, &c. Ber. l. c. (ref. to Is. LXIV, 3) זה ע׳ שלא וכ׳ that is Eden which no living creature’s eye has ever seen; Snh. 99ᵃ. Pes. 94ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֵדֶן ² Targ. Gen. II, 8. Targ. Job XXXVIII, 18; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עדן Y. Kidd. IV, 65ᵈ bot., v. מושהן ↗ expanded

עֶדְנָה [rejuvenation,] (in homilet.) (v. עֲדִי II) ornaments. Gen. R. s. 48 (ref. to Gen. XVIII, 12) היתה לי ע׳ תכשיטים נאים וכ׳ ‘I should have ‘ednah’ (= עדי נאה), beautiful finery (to make me attractive) (ref. to Ez. XVI, 11).—2) period, menses. Ib., v. עִידּוֹן. ↗ expanded

עָדַף (b. h.) [to be lax, hang over,] to be abundant; to be larger, more, better. Sifra K’dosh. beg. יכול שכבוד האב עוֹדֵף וכ׳ you might think that honoring the father was more important than &c. Yalk. Ps. 876 יַעֲדֹף, v. עָדִיף h. Midd. IV, 7 האולם עוֹדֵף עליו וכ׳ the hall extended beyond it (the Hekhal) fifteen cubits to the north &c. Y. R. Hash. II, 58ᵇ top [read:] אילו אמר בעיבור הייתי אומר … שההמה עוֹדֶפֶת וכ׳ if he had said b’‘ibbur (by intercalation), I might have said, this refers to the eleven days by which the solar year is larger than the lunar year. Erub. 83ᵃ סאה של ירושלמית עודפת וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. יתירה) the Jerusalem S’ah is larger than … by &c.; a. e. Hif. הֶעְדִּיף to do more (than enough); to be liberal. Kidd. 63ᵃ, a. e. שמא תַעְדִּיף יתר וכ׳ she might do more work for him than is due to him. Tosef. B. Mets. IV, 14 אע"פ שמַעְדִּיפִין זה על זה although one of the partners does more business than the other (they are liberal towards one another). Y. Dem. V, 24ᶜ המַעְדִּיף על מעשרותיו he who adds to his tithes (gives more than one-tenth; Tosef. Dem. VIII, 13 המרבה במעשרות); a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲדַף , v. עָדִיף ch. ↗ expanded

עֲדַק (v. אֲדַק) to be fastened, stick to. Part. pass. עָדִיק. Gitt. 78ᵃ דע׳ ליה בחרציה וכ׳ Mus. (v. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v. עויק; Ar. עויק, עייק, corr. acc.; ed. דערק לה וכ׳, v. infra) when it (the letter of divorce) sticks in his belt, and she takes it out. Pa. עַדֵּיק, עַדֵּק to bring close to. Ib. דע׳ לה חרציה וכ׳ (ed. דערק, corr. acc.) when he pressed his loins (the belt in which the letter of divorce was sticking) close to her, and she took the letter out. to seize, overtake. Targ. Y. Deut. XXVIII, 45 (ed. Vien. ויערק׳, corr. acc.), v. אֲדַק. *. אַעְדִּיק to squeeze out, push away. Targ. Prov. XVI, 28 Var., v. עֲרַק. ↗ expanded

עֲדָק 1 a perforated vessel, v. אֲרָק. ↗ expanded

עֲדָק 2 (עדק; cmp. חָדַק, a. preced. wds.) something squeezed together, compress. Sabb. 54ᵇ טומנין לה ע׳ וכ׳ Ar. (ed. עֲזָק; Ms. O. עֲרָק, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 70) we dip a compress in oil for her and put it &c.—Pl. עֲדָקִין. Ib. שני ע׳ בשמן (not של שמן; ed. עֲזָקִין, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 90).—[עדקין, Targ. Ezek. XXVII, 19 some ed., v. עַרְקָא.—Snh. 11ᵇ, v. דַּעְדַּק.] ↗ expanded

עָדַר to strip.—Part. pass. עָדוּר; f. עֲדוּרָה, v. אָדַר. to pluck, clear (of weeds); to hoe; to pick (figs, cmp. אָרָה); [b. h. also: to sift an army, to discharge the unfit &c., to muster out, v. I Chr. XII, 34; 39]. Neg. II, 4; Sifra Thazr., Neg., Par. 3, ch. IV כעוֹדֵר in the position of one hoeing; כעודר בבית הסתרים the position of one hoeing is required for the examination of the posteriors. Tosef. Maasr. II, 14 פועלים שהיו עוֹדְרִין בתאנים laborers engaged in picking figs; B. Mets. 89ᵇ (Ar. אורין, v. אָרָה). Ib. לַעֲדוֹר ולקשקש וכ׳ Rashi (ed. לעַדֵּר, Pi.) to hoe and to cover up the roots of olive trees. B. Kam. 119ᵇ עוֹדְרֵי ירקות engaged in thinning vegetables (cmp. דָּלַל); a. fr. Pi. עִדֵּר same. Tosef. Maasr. II, 13 מְעַדְּרִין בשדה engaged in hoeing a field. Gen. R. s. 82 better is he who rents one field ומזבלה ומְעַדְּרָהּ וכ׳ and manures and hoes it &c. Y. Maasr. III, end, 51ᵃ והוא שעי׳ רובה provided he broke the ground of the larger portion of the court; a. fr.—[Tosef. Makhsh. I, 3 מעודר, ed. Zuck. מעודרון, v. עוּד.] Nif. נֶעֱדַר, נֶעְדַּר to be hoed, to be prepared for tillage. Y. l. c. והיא שתהא נעדרת provided the ground of the court has been broken (before sowing). Ib. 50ᵈ bot. חצר שהיא נעדרת ונזרעת R. S. to Maasr. III, 9 (ed. only נעדרת) a court which has been hoed up and planted with seeds; a. e. to be cast out, rejected, banished. Sot. IX, 15 (49ᵇ) והאמת תהא נעדרת and Truth shall be banished (fr. Is. LIX, 15); Snh. 97ᵃ; Cant. R. to II, 13; v. עֵדֶר. to withdraw one’s self, fail. Lev. R. s. 31; Midr. Till. to Ps. XIX; Yalk. ib. 673 (expl. Zeph. III, 5), v. פְּסַק. ↗ expanded

עֲדַר 1 , to hoe; (of chickens) to pick. Lev. R. s. 25 זיל עֲדוֹר וכ׳ go and pick in thy own dunghill; Yalk. Job 925. Pa. עַדֵּר same. Lev. R. l. c. ומְעַדְּרָה קדמיהון (not ומעדרנה) and she (the mother) picks for them; Yalk. l. c. (not ומעררה). ↗ expanded

עֲדַר 2 = h. עָזַר, to help. Targ. Prov. XIII, 12 דמשרי למְעַדְרֵיה (ed. Lag. a. oth. דמשדי) who begins to help himself (v. Pesh. a. LXX). Ithpe. אִתְעֲדַר to be helped. Ib. XVIII, 19 דמִתְעֲדַר (oth. ed. דמתעוי; v. Pesh. a. LXX). ↗ expanded

עֵדֶר enclosure, pen, fold; herd, flock. Ohol. VIII, 1 ע׳ בהמה וכ׳ clean or unclean beasts closely penned; Tosef. ib. IX, 1; [Ar. s. v. אדר, ed. Koh. s. v. אדורה, I, p. 39ᵃ, explains our w.: hide, v. עָדַר 1, a. עָדַד]. Yoma 34ᵇ; 70ᵇ; Meg. 28ᵃ אחד מיוחד שבעֶדְרוֹ ‘one’ (Num. XXVIII, 4) means one singled out (the best) of its fold. Bekh. 24ᵃ הנכנס לתוך עדרו וכ׳ if one enters his pen at night. Naz. V, 3 תצא ותרעה בע׳ let it go and be fed in the fold (as a profane animal). Yoma 61ᵇ, sq. וכי עדרו משלח … וכי עדרו שורף shall one send off his whole flock (of goats)?… shall one burn &c.?; a. fr.—Pl. עֲדָרִים, עֲדָרִין. Ex. R. s. 1 באין ע׳ ע׳ וכ׳ they came to their homes in flocks; א"ת עדי עדיים אלא עֶדְרֵי ע׳ read not (Ez. XVI, 7) ʿădi ʿădayim (choice attractions) but ‘edré ʿădarim (flocks after flocks). Cant. R. to II, 13 (ref. to Is. LIX, 5) להיכן הולכת … ויושבת ע׳ ע׳ במדבר whither does banished Truth go (v. עָדַר)? She goes and sits down in groups (of eremites) in the desert; Snh. 97ᵃ; Yalk. Is. 357; a. fr.—Tosef. Eduy. III, 2 נוחרין היו עֲדָרוֹת וכ׳ they stabbed entire herds in the camp. (v., however, עָרוֹד).—מִגְדַּל עֵדֶר (b. h.) pr. n. pl. Migdal Eder (Fold Tower), between Bethlehem and Jerusalem. Shek. VII, 4; Kidd. 55ᵃ ↗ expanded

עַדְרָא , fold, pen; herd, flock. Targ. Gen. XXXII, 17; a. fr.—Targ. Ps. L, 9 עֲדָרָךְ (ed. Wil. עֶדְרָךְ; Ms. עדראך; h. text מכלאת׳).—Y. R. Hash. II, 58ᵇ top תור באדר בעֲדָרֵיה ימות (not בעדרייה) when in Adar the ox dies in his pen (from cold); Y. Snh. I, 18ᶜ bot. בעריה (corr. acc.; v. Bab. Snh. 18ᵇ). ↗ expanded

עִדְרִיּוֹת , v. עֲדִירָה ↗ expanded

עד"ש , v. דצ"ך ↗ expanded

עֶדֶשׁ m., v. next w. ↗ expanded

עֲדָשָׁה ) lentil. Neg. VI, 6, v. מוּבָאת. Kel. XVII, 8 כע׳ שאמרו וכ׳ wherever lentil is spoken of as a standard size, it means … the Egyptian lentil. Gen. R. s. 63 (ref. to Gen. XXV, 34); B. Bath. 16ᵇ עדש Ms. M., v. גַּלְגַּל h.; a. fr.—Pl. עֲדָשִׁים, עֲדָשִׁין, עֲדָשׁוֹת. Neg. VI, 1 תשע ע׳ space of nine lentils. B. Kam. 60ᵇ. Maasr. V, 8 הע׳ המצריות Egyptian lentils; Tosef. ib. III, 14 אלו הן ע׳ המצריים וכ׳; Y. ib. V, end, 52ᵃ, v. גַּלְגָּל h.; a. fr. (cmp. φακός) a flattish warming vessel. Tosef. Sabb. III (IV), 7; Gen. R. s. 80 ‘Rashi’ (ed. עריבה). (v. טְלוֹפְחָא) a trough in the wine or oil press. Y. Ab. Zar. V, end, 45ᵇ.—Pl. as ab. Bab. Ab. Zar. 75ᵃ; Tosef. ib. VIII (IX), 3; Tosef. Toh. XI, 16. dish of the steel-yard, scales. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 13 בע׳ אחר המסמר in the levitical law concerning (wooden) scales, the material of the nails (with which they are studded) decides; Sabb. 60ᵃ בע׳ הלך אחר שלשלותיו Ms. M. a. O. (ed. בערסא; Rashi ed. Sonc. בעדשא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) the material of the chains decides. Tosef. Erub. XI (VIII), 21; Y. ib. X, 26ᵈ top אין ממלין בע׳ וכ׳ you must not draw water, on the Sabbath, by means of an ‘ădasha (using it as a lever). ↗ expanded

עוּב , v. עִיב ↗ expanded

עוֹב (עבב, cmp. חבב) (b. h.) [junction,] beam.—Pl. עוּבִּים, עוּבִּין. B. Kam. 67ᵃ (ref. to Ez. XLI, 26) העובים אלו המרישות ‘ubbim means joists.—[Y. B. Bath. V, beg. 15ᵃ והעובון, prob. to be read: והעוֹגֵין.] (cmp. Arab. ‘aybah, עַבְיָא, and חוֹב II) bag. Kel. XXVI, 6 עָב כסות the bag for a garment, contrad. to תכריך.—Pl. עוּבִּים, constr. עוּבֵּי. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. IV, 9. Ib. 10 ע׳ הצמר (not הצור) woolen material for carpet bags. Ḥull. 49ᵃ ע׳ בית הכוסות the pockets (folds) of &c., v. כּוֹס I. ↗ expanded

עוּבָּא (not עוּבָא) ch. (preced.; cmp. חוּבָּא I) bosom, lap. Targ. Y. Deut. XIII, 7 בעוּבָּךְ (not בעודך). Targ. Prov. V, 20 (ed. Lag. עוּבָּהּ; Var. ח׳). Targ. Ps. XXXV, 13. Targ. Job XXXI, 33 Ms. (ed. עטפי; h. text חֻבִּי); a. fr. (v. חוֹב II) the full ramification of a tree. Ib. XV, 32 (ed. Wil. עוֹב׳; h. text כִּפָּה). ↗ expanded

עוֹבָדָא (עֲבַד), corresp. to h. מַעֲשֶׂה, deed, work; occurrence, event, fact, case, precedent. Targ. Gen. XLIV, 15. Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 32 עוֹבַד constr.; a. v. fr.—Yoma 71ᵇ דעבדין ע׳ דאהרן who act like Aaron. Kidd. 79ᵇ עבד ע׳ כותיה דרב decided a case in agreement with Rab’s opinion. Y. Ber. I, 3ᵃ top, v. כְּוָת. Y. Naz. V, 54ᵃ top נפק ע׳ כר׳ וכ׳ the case went forth (was decided) in agreement with the opinion of &c. Keth. 60ᵇ בדידי הוה ע׳ it was my case (that came up for decision). Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵃ bot. ר׳ יוסי … אהן ע׳ R. J. told the following story; ע׳ הוה איתא חדא וכ׳ it happened that a certain woman loved to do charity &c.; Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᶜ bot. Ib. (mid-page) לע׳ for practice. Ib. מרי ע׳, v. מָרָא I. Y. M. Kat. III, 82ᵈ top הוה ליה ע׳ had a case (euphem. for, mourning befell him). B. Mets. 70ᵃ אימא … גופא דע׳ וכ׳ tell me now, what was the real case (from which you derived your report of Samuel’s opinion)?; a. v. fr.—Pl. עוֹבָדִין, עוֹבָדַיָּא, עוֹבָדֵי, עוּבְ׳. Targ. Koh. IX, 10. Targ. Num. XVI, 28. Targ. Y. Lev. XXI, 4 (v. Sifra Emor, Par. 1); a. fr.—Y. M. Kat. l. c. תרין ע׳ two cases of mourning. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᵈ הוה דריש … ע׳ בבילע וכ׳ cited in his lectures twenty-four cases to which he applied the text billʿa &c. (Lam. II, 2); (Lam. R. to l. c. אַפִּין). Lam. R. to III, 58 מה אילין עובדי וכ׳ what deeds are those that thou doest?; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוֹבַדְתָּא same, work. Y. Ter. XI, end, 48ᵇ הוה עביד ע׳ גבי וכ׳ did work for &c.; Y. Sabb. II, 4ᵈ top עובידתוה ed. Krot. (read: עוֹבִידְתֵּיה or עִיבִידְתֵּיה) his work, v. עִיבִידְתָּא. service, animals and their attendants, live stock. Targ. O. Gen. XXXIII, 14 (Y. עִיבִידְתָּא; h. text מלאכה).—[Targ. Y. Gen. XLIX, 22 עוּבְדְּתָהָא ed. Amst., v. עוֹבַרְתָּא.] ↗ expanded

עובטין , Tosef. Ter. VII, 13, v. עוֹבֶשׁ ↗ expanded

עוֹבִי thickness, diameter. Y. Ber. I, 2ᶜ bot. עוֹבְיוֹ של רקיע וכ׳ the thickness (diameter) of the heavens is equal to a journey of 500 years; עוֹבְיָהּ של ארץ the diameter of the earth; Gen. R. s. 4; Pes. 94ᵃ. Gen. R. s. 42 בעל קורה טעין בעוביה the owner of the beam must put his shoulder to the thickest part of it; Ber. 64ᵃ בעָבְיָהּ וכ׳, v. כַּאַן. Tanḥ. Sh’moth 3 נותן עביה של תקרה זו בצד ראשה וכ׳ he places the thick side (trunk) of one beam by the side of the top (the thinner part) of the other beam; Ex. R. s. 1. Ohol. XVI, 1 בע׳ המרדע measured by the diameter of the handle of a plough; Sabb. 17ᵃ מרדע שאמרו אין בעָבְיוֹ וכ׳ the handle of which they speak is less than a handbreadth in diameter, but is a handbreadth in circumference; a. e. ↗ expanded

עוּבְיָא , thick mass; thick part. Targ. I Kings VII, 46 עוֹבִי constr. (ed. Wil. עוֹבֵי; h. text מַעֲבֵה); Targ. II Chr. IV, 17 (h. text עֲבִי).—Y. Sot. VII, 21ᵈ ע׳ דהן גבי קוטנה וכ׳ you place the thick part of one beam by the side of the thin part &c., v. preced. Y. Shebi. I, end, 33ᶜ לע׳ increasing the size (of the fruits; v. however, R. S. to Shebi. I, 8); [Y. Orl. I, 61ᵃ bot., v. מַרְבִּיתָא]. ↗ expanded

עוֹבִידְתָּא , v. עוֹבַדְתָּא, עִיבִידְתָּא. ↗ expanded

עוֹבֵר (עָבַר) passer-by, transient. מום ע׳, v. עָבַר. Snh. 70ᵃ דרש ע׳ גלילאה a Galilean travelling lecturer preached; Ḥull. 27ᵇ; (Sabb. 88ᵃ ההוא גלילאה).—Mostly ע׳ וָשָׁב traveller.—Pl. עוֹבְרִים, עוֹבְרִין. Y. Shebi. III, beg. 34ᶜ לא חשו לע׳ ושָׁבִין וכ׳ they cared not for eventual travellers (who might misconstrue the act); a. fr.—Snh. 103ᵇ מפני שפיתו מצויה לעוֹבְרֵי דרכים because his bread was ready for travellers, i.e. he was hospitable. Ib. 109ᵃ למה לנו עוברי דרכים וכ׳ why should we admit those travelling merchants who come only to take away our money?; Tanḥ. B’shall. 12; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוּבָּר (עָבַר Pi.) embryo. Ḥull. IV, 1 הוציא הע׳ את ידו if the embryo put forth its forefoot. Ib. 58ᵃ, a. e. ע׳ ירך אמו הוא the embryo is a thigh (part) of its mother, i.e. comes under the same law. Yeb. 37ᵃ עוּבָּרָהּ ניכר לשליש ימיה her embryo (pregnancy) is felt when she has arrived at the third portion of her days of pregnancy (three months). Sifré Deut. 29, v. עָבַר Hithpa; a. fr.—Ab. Zar. 40ᵃ קירבי דגים ועוּבָּרָן, v. infra.—Pl. עוּבָּרִים, עוּבָּרִין. Snh. 57ᵇ אף על הע׳ the law (Gen. IX, 6) applies also to killing embryos; Gen. R. s. 34 ע"י ע׳ (read: על ע׳). Tem. I, 3. Sot. 30ᵇ; a. fr.—Ḥull. 64ᵃ top; Ab. Zar. l. c. עוּבָּרֵי דגים fish-roe. Ib. קירבי דגים ועוברין (ועוברן) the entrails of fish and their roe. ↗ expanded

עוּבְרָא same. Targ. Cant. VII, 3.—Pl. עוּבְרַיָּא, עוּבָ׳, עוֹ׳. Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 27. Targ. Y. Gen. XXX, 21. v. עִיבְרָא ↗ expanded

עוֹבָרָא f., v. עוֹבַרְתָּא ↗ expanded

עוּבָּרָה (= מעוברת; עָבַר Pi.) pregnant woman. Erub. 53ᵃ, a. e., v. עָבַר Pi. Ber. 29ᵇ, v. עִיבּוּר. Gitt. 23ᵇ; Tem. 25ᵃ אם היתה ע׳ זכתה לו if she (the slave) was with child (at the time of the emancipation of herself and her eventual issue), she can accept the privilege for it. Yoma 82ᵇ (in Chald. dict.) ההיא ע׳ וכ׳, v. רִיחַ ch. Tosef. Yoma V (IV), 4 עֻבָּרָה ed. Zuck., v. רִיחַ h.; a. fr.—Pl. עוּבָּרוֹת. Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵃ bot.; Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵇ bot. Nidd. 60ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

עוֹבַרְתָּא (עֲבַר; cmp. חֲלִיפִים) shoot, sprout, branch. Targ. Num. XIII, 23 (24); Y. II עוברא. Targ. Ps. LXXX, 16 (h. text כנה). Targ. Ez. XVII, 3. Ib. 22 Ar.; a. e.—[Targ. Y. Gen. XXXIII, 14 some ed., read: עוֹבַדְתָּא.]—Pl. עוֹבָרָן, עוֹבָרָתָא. Targ. Ez. XVII, 6 (Bxt. עוֹבָרִין m.). Targ. Y. I Gen. XLIX, 22 (ed. Amst. עובד׳, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עוּבַרְתָּא = h. עֶבְרָה, wrath. Gen. R. s. 67 עוּבַרְתֵּיה; Yalk. ib. 116, v. נַחַרְתָּא. ↗ expanded

עוֹבֶשׁ = הוֹבֶשׁ (v. חָבוּשׁ), quince. Tosef. Kil. II, 15 (ed. Zuck. עוגס).—Pl. עוּבְשִׁין. Tosef. Ter. VII, 13 עובטין Var. (corr. acc., v. חָבוּשׁ). [Tosef. Ukts. I, 5 שורשי הע׳ ed. Zuck., read with ed. עוקצי האובשין]. ↗ expanded

עוֹג (b. h.) pr. n. m. Og, king of Bashan. Gen. R. s. 42 (ref. to Gen. XIV, 13) הוא ע׳ הוא פליט Og is the one that escaped; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 25. Ber. 54ᵃ אבן … לזרוק ע׳ וכ׳ the stone which Og king of Bashan wanted to cast upon Israel. Ib.ᵇ, a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוּג , v. עָגַג ↗ expanded

עוּגָּא (v. next w.) 1) cake. m. (v. next w.) cake.—Pl. עוּגִּין. Targ. Y. II, Num. XI, 8 (some ed. עוּגִין; Y. I חררן, v. next w.). cavity, v. next w. ↗ expanded

עוּגָּה circle. Taan. II, 8; 23ᵃ, v. עָגַג; a. e. cake baked on coals. Tanḥ. Bo 9 ואין ע׳ אלא לשון חררה ‘uggah has the meaning of ḥărarah (v. חֲרָרָה).—Pl. עוּגּוֹת. Ib. לא הספיקו לאפות ע׳ they had no time to bake cakes. Yalk. Ex. 209. Gen. R. s. 48 שלש לע׳ (not לעוגת) three S’ah of flour were used for cakes. Ib. s. 42 (play on עוֹג) שהיה יושב ועוסק במצות ע׳ he (Abraham) was engaged in the ceremony of preparing unleavened cakes; Yalk. ib. 72; Deut. R. s. 1, end במצות בע׳ הפסח (read: במִצְוַת ע׳ וכ׳); Yalk. Ps. 883 בע׳ הפסח. Yoma 75ᵃ; a. fr. cavity; ע׳ של מים pool. Ḥull. II, 9 (41ᵃ; Mish. ed. עוגא; Ar. ed. Koh. אוגן; oth. ed. עוגן; Ar. s. v. עגל: עוגל). Tosef. M. Kat. I, 2 עוּגָּתוֹ של מים (ed. Zuck. עונתו, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עוּגְיָא (עגי, v. אוּגְיָה) cavity dug around a tree.—Pl. עוּגְיוֹת, עוּגְיָאוֹת. M. Kat. I, 1. Ib. 3ᵃ; ib. 4ᵇ expl. בִּנְכֵּי or בְּדִידִין; Y. ib. I, 80ᵇ top; Tosef. ib. I, 2; Tosef. Shebi. I, 7. Ib. III, 7 ועושין ע׳ מזה לזה and you may make ruts from one tree to another (Var. ועושין ע׳ לגפנים מזו לזו); Sifra B’har, Par. 1 עוגיאות בין אילן לאילן חבירו. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ top; a. e. ↗ expanded

עוֹגֵין (עָגַן) anchor, ballast. B. Bath. V, 1 (Y. ed. הוגין); Yalk. Ez. 367. Tosef. Sabb. XIV (XV), 1, v. הוֹגֵין. [Pl. עוֹגִינִין, v. עִיגּוּן.] ↗ expanded

עוּגְיְתָא , rut, bed.—Pl. עוּגְיָתָא, constr. עוּגְיַת, עוּגְיָת. Targ. Ez. XVII, 7; 10 (ed. Ven. עוּגִית, sing.; h. text ערגות). ↗ expanded

עוֹגֶל (עָגַל; cmp. עוּגָּה, עוּגְיָה) pond, reservoir. Tosef. Mikv. IV, 10 ע׳ ארבעים סאה a reservoir containing forty S’ah. Ḥull. II, 8, v. עוּגָּה.—Cmp. אֲגָלַים. ↗ expanded

עוּגָּס v. אַגָּס ↗ expanded

עוּד to turn, return, occur; to continue, endure, exist (v. Ges. Thes. s. v.).—Denom. עַד, עוֹד, עֵת &c. Polel. עוֹדֵד to straighten, erect, help up. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXLVI, 9 וכי כל … מְעוֹדֵד does the Lord uphold all widows and orphans?—*Part. pass. מְעוֹדָד; pl. מְעוֹדָדִים, מְעוֹדָדִין. Tosef. Makhsh. I, 3 שק אחד מע׳ (ed. Zuck. מעודר, Var. מועדר; R. S. to Makhsh. I, 4 מעורר; Makhsh. l. c. מלא פירות) one bag standing upright (closely packed); ib. שני שקין מע׳ (ed. Zuck. מעודרון, Var. מעודדי, R. S. מעוררין). Hif. הֵעִיד (denom. of עֵד) to declare one’s presence at a certain occurrence, esp. to establish a law from a witnessed precedent or traditional knowledge. Eduy. II, 1 ר׳ חנינא … ה׳ וכ׳ R. H. … related four things which he knew by tradition. Ib. 3 אף הוא ה׳ על וכ׳ he also reported as a precedent the case of a small village &c.; a. fr. to testify before court. Ib. IV, 11 מי שהיו … מְעִידוֹת אותו he concerning whom there were two sets of witnesses testifying; אלו מְעִידִים וכ׳ the ones testifying that &c. Macc. I, 1 מעידין אנו באיש … שגירש וכ׳ (Bab. ed. 3ᵃ … את איש) we testify about this man that he divorced &c. Ib. 2, sq.; a. v. fr.—Ḥag. 5ᵃ וממהר להָעִידוֹ and is quick to testify against him; Yalk. Mal. 589 ומֵעִיד בו. to call upon as witness. Lev. R. s. 2 מְעִידֵנִי עלי וכ׳ I call upon heaven and earth as my witnesses &c.; Arakh. 16ᵇ מעיד אני וכ׳; a. fr. to forewarn, exhort. Lev. R. l. c. שבעה נביאים … והן מעידין וכ׳ seven prophets stood up for the nations exhorting them; לא הֵעִידוּ בנו they have not warned us; גירי הדור מעידין בדור the proselytes of every generation are an exhortation to their respective generation; a. e.—Esp. to forewarn the owner of a noxious animal; to declare an animal noxious (v. מוּעָד). B. Kam. II, 4 כל שהֵעִידוּ בו וכ׳, v. מוּעָד. Ib. 24ᵃ עד שיָעִידוּ בו וכ׳ unless he be declared noxious (testimony be deposited stating the facts on which the declaration is based) in the presence of the owner and in court. Ib. הֵעִידוּהוּ שנים וכ׳ if the first case has been ascertained by two witnesses &c.; a. fr.—Part. pass. מוּעָד q. v. ↗ expanded

עוֹד preced.) existence, strength; (adv.) still, yet, more. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXXII עד שאני בעוֹדִי אברכך while I am yet in my strength (of mind, able to dispose), I will bless thee. Ib. עד שהוא בעוֹדוֹ.—Y. Kil. IX, 32ᶜ top ואין ע׳ and none more (shall be buried here). Y. Erub. VI, 23ᶜ ע׳ היא דבית שמאי this is still in agreement with the opinion of Beth Sh. Y. Peah III, 17ᵈ bot. ולא ע׳ הוא בריא when he is no longer well; ולא עוֹדֵהוּ וכ׳ when he is no longer ill. Tosef. Mikv. V, 12 עודהו הראשון וכ׳ (not עדיהו) while the first bather is yet in the water; [במים] … עוֹדֵיהוּ רגלו while the first is still with one foot in the water; Ḥag. 19ᵃ. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. V, 5 מפני שעודיהו כלי וכ׳ (not שענדיהו) because it is still a utensil, the girls sitting therein &c. Sabb. 151ᵇ ועוֹדְךָ בידך (Ms. M. ועדיין) and while thou art yet in thy own power (while thou canst still dispose of thyself, s. supra). Ib. 43ᵃ בעוֹדָן עליו when they are yet on it; שאין עודן עליו when they are no longer on it; a. fr.—ולא ע׳ אלא and no more? But (also this), and not only this, but even more. Ber. 4ᵃ. Ib. 7ᵇ; Meg. 6ᵇ; a. fr.—מִבְּעוֹד while there is yet, during. Sabb. I, 5 כדי שישורו מ׳ יום in time to be soaked through during day-time (before sunset). Ib. 6. Yoma 81ᵇ מתחיל ומתענה מ׳ יום he must begin the fast in day-time; a. fr.—[Targ. Y. Deut. XIII, 7 בעודך, read: בעוּבָּךְ, v. עוּבָּא.] ↗ expanded

עוּדְדָא (עדד, עדר) = אוּדְדָא, tow-cotton, wool. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵇ sq. נפל עוּדְרֵיה דאוניה the cotton in his ear fell out. ↗ expanded

*עוּדָה (עוד, cmp. עִוְּדֻנִי Ps. CXIX, 61) [convolution, coil,] bundle. Sot. 46ᵃ; Ab. Zar. 23ᵃ) ע׳ של שקין a bundle of (empty) bags; [oth. opin. in Rashi Ab. Zar. l. c.: the pin used for knitting sack-cloth.] ↗ expanded

עודה , Y. Yeb. II, beg. 3ᶜ, read: עירה, v. עָרָה II ↗ expanded

עוֹדֶף (עָדַף) surplus. Y. Dem. V, 24ᶜ מעשר שני שבע׳ that portion of the surplus (over the exact tithe) which lawfully belongs to the second tithe. [Sifré Num. 126 פתיל זה הע׳, read עוֹרֶף, v. פָּתִיל.] ↗ expanded

עוּדְפָא same. Erub. 83ᵃ ואילו ע׳ שתין ותלת whereas the surplus (of the one measure as against the other) is sixty three egg-shells; [Ms. M. a. Rashi עוֹדֶפֶת f. h.]. greater importance, gravity.—Pl. עוּדְפַיָּיא. B. Bath. 88ᵇ מאי עוּדְפַיְיהוּ wherein does their greater gravity consist? ↗ expanded

עוּדְרָא , v. עוּדְדָא ↗ expanded

עָוָה , v. עוי ↗ expanded

עַוָּוא pr. n. m., v. עִוְיָא II ↗ expanded

עֲוִוירָא , v. עֲוִירָא I ↗ expanded

עַוְולָא , v. sub עול׳ (with one ו). ↗ expanded

עָווֹן , v. עָוֹן ↗ expanded

עוון , pr. n. pl., v. עִיּוֹן ↗ expanded

עוונייא , Y. Yeb. I, 3ᵇ top, v. שׁוּנְיָא ↗ expanded

עֲוָוק , pl. עֲוָוקִים, עֲוָוקִין, v. עְוָק. ↗ expanded

עִוּוּת , v. עִיוּוּת ↗ expanded

עוּז , Hif. הֵעִיז, v. עָזַז. ↗ expanded

עוֹז 1 fortitude, strength, majesty. Ber. 6ᵃ התפלין ע׳ הם לישראל T’fillin are a sign of strength to Israel. Ex. R. s. 8 לבושו של הקב"ה ע׳ the garment of the Lord is strength (with ref. to Ps. XCIII, 1). Midr. Till. to Ps. VIII, 3 אין ע׳ אלא תורה וכ׳ ‘strength’ means the Law, as we read (Ps. XXIX, 11) &c.; Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 3 אין עָוִּי וכ׳ ‘my strength’ (Ex. XV, 2) means &c. Ber. 16ᵇ תתכסה בעָזְּךָ clothe thyself in thy majesty; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוֹז 2 name of a bird, prob. black eagle(b. h. . Kel. XVII, 14; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. VII, 5.—V. עוּזְיָא. ↗ expanded

עִוּזָּא 1 (cmp. preced.) name of a bird of prey, prob. sea-eagle. Targ. Y. Lev. XI, 13; Targ. Y. I Deut. XIV, 12 (h. text פרס).—V. עוּזְיָא, a. עַר. ↗ expanded

עוּזָּא 2 (b. h.) pr. n. m. Uzza, one of the brothers that accompanied the Ark to Gibeah. Sot. 35a; Num. R. s. 4. Num. R. s. 21; a. e.—2) name of a fallen angel. Yoma 67ᵇ מעשה ע׳ ועזאל the deed of U. and Azael (who came down and had connection with the daughters of man, v. Targ. Y. Gen. VI, 4). Pesik. R. s. 34 ומה עזא ועזאל וכ׳ when U. a. Azael … sinned on coming down &c. Deut. R. s. 11, end עזה ועזאל.—[Yalk. Gen. 44 שמחזי ועזאל; Targ. Y. Gen. VI, 4 שמחזי ועוזיאל.] ↗ expanded

עוּזְיָא (v. עוֹז II) name of a bird of prey, prob. black eagle. Targ. O. Lev. XI, 13 (ed. Vien. עַזְיָא); Deut. XIV, 12 (ed. Amst. עֻזְיָא; ed. Vien. עַזְ׳; h. text עזניה); v. אָזָא. ↗ expanded

עוּזִּיאֵל (b. h.) pr. n. m. Uzziel, the father of Jonathan the translator. B. Bath. 133ᵇ, a. fr., v. יוֹנָתָן name of two Amoraim. M. Kat. 5ᵃ ר׳ ע׳ בר בריה דר׳ ע׳ רבה R. U. grandson of R. U. the elder; Y. ib. I, 80ᵇ bot. ר׳ ע׳ בריה דר׳ חונייה. Y. Bets. III, 62ᵃ top; a. e.—V. Fr. M’bo, p. 119ᵇ name of a fallen angel, v. עֲזָאֵל, a. עוּזָּא II. ↗ expanded

עוּזִּיָּה (b. h.) pr. n. m. Uzziah, king of Judah. M. Kat. 7ᵇ יותם לא היה לו לע׳ וכ׳ Jotham was begotten by U. after the latter was declared a leper; Tosef. Neg. VIII, 6. Gen. R. s. 20; Yalk. ib. 35. Num. R. s. 4 שעל ידו נצטרע ע׳ on account of it (the offering of frankincense) U. became a leper. Num. R. s. 7 זה ע׳ שבקש להכנס בתחום וכ׳ that is U. who attempted to encroach on the domain of priesthood; a. e. ↗ expanded

עוי (b. h.) [to be curved, bent, crooked; to curve &c.,] to pervert, do wrong. Yoma III, 8 עָוִיתִי פשעתי וכ׳ I have done wrong, I have transgressed &c. Ib. VI, 2 עָווּ פשעו וכ׳ thy people Israel has done wrong &c.; a. fr. Pi. עִיוָּה to subvert, lay waste (cmp. הָפַךְ). Ḥull. 60ᵇ (play on עַוִּים, Deut. II, 23) שעִיוּוּ את מקומן Ar. a. Rashi (ed. שעִיוְּתוּ) they laid waste their home (deserted it); Yalk. Deut. 809; Yalk. Josh. 22 שעִוּוּ.— to curve one’s self (like a serpent, v. עִוְיָא), wriggle. Ib. שעיוו לאלוהות הרבה Ar. they wriggled before many deities (ed. שאִיוּוּ, v. אָוָה I). ↗ expanded

עֲוֵי 1 , to curve. *Targ. Ps. LIX, 5 עד לא עַוְויָן ed. Lag. (oth. ed. על לא עַוְיָן) without making a curve (deviation) (Ms. עֲוָויָא). Af. אַעֲוֵי to be wrong. Ib. CVI, 6 (ed. Lag. עותנא, v. עֲוַת). Ithpe. אִתְעֲוֵי to be wronged. Targ. Prov. XVIII, 19 (v., however, עֲדַר II). ↗ expanded

עֲוֵי 2 , Pa. עַוֵּי (cmp. צָוַח) to cry; Yoma 77ᵃ ע׳ ע׳ וליכא דאשגח ביה (missing in later eds.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) he cried and cried, and none minded him. Yeb. 71ᵇ היכא דלא מְעַוֵּי if the infant (on putting its head forth the first time) did not cry. Sabb. 134ᵃ האי ינוקא דלא מעוי if an infant does not cry (breathe). Sot. 12ᵃ כי היכי … ומעוי בהדייהו in order that it should hear them and cry with them; a. e.—Ḥull. 53ᵃ איהו קא מְעַוַּאי when he (the lion) roars. ↗ expanded

עֲוָיָא (עֲוֵי I) = h. עָוֹן curve; wrong, iniquity. Targ. Ps. LIX, 5 Ms. (v. עֲוֵי I). Targ. Ex. XXVIII 38 (עֲוָיַית) עֲוָיַת constr. (ed. Berl. עֲוָיָת pl.). Targ. Ps. LI, 7 (ed. Wil. עַוְיָא); a. fr.—Pl. עֲוָיָין, עֲוָיָיתָא, עֲוָו׳. Ib. CXXX, 3 (ed. Wil. עַוְיָן). Targ. Lev. XVI, 21; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִוְיָא (v. עָוָה) = חִוְיָא, serpent. Gen. R. s. 26 (play on עַוִּים, v. עָוָה) בגלילא … ע׳ Ar. (ed. אִיוְיָא) in Galilee they call a serpent ‘ivya (for ḥivya). ↗ expanded

עִוְיָא 2 ‘Ivya, an Amora. B. Bath. 129ᵇ; 133ᵃ, sq. (Ms. M. עַוָּוא; Ms. R. עֲוִירָא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. notes). ↗ expanded

עֲוִילָא = b. h. עֲוִיל, boy. Gen. R. s. 36 (ref. to Job XXI, 11) בערביא … ע׳ in Arabia they call a child ‘ăvila; Lev. R. s. 5, beg.; Yalk. Job 908. wrongdoer, v. עַוָּלָא. ↗ expanded

עוֹיֵן , v. עוּן ch. ↗ expanded

עֲוִיר = h. עִוֵּר, blind. Targ. O. Lev. XXI, 18. Targ. O. Ex. IV, 11; a. fr.—Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד מאת׳ 7), v. נָאקְתָא. Gitt. 69ᵃ ונימא ליה ע׳ וכ׳ and let the blind man say to him &c. B. Kam. 85ᵃ עינא ע׳, v. אָסֵי. Gen. R. s. 30, v. סָמֵי; a. fr.—Sabb. 151ᵇ תרתי תכלא ועִיוְּרָא shall I be both, childless and blind? (v. next w.)—Pl. עִיוְּרִין. Targ. Lam. IV, 14. ↗ expanded

עֲוִירָא 2 (preced.) blindness. Ned. 81ᵃ, v. עִרְבּוּבִיתָא.—Sabb. 151ᵇ תרתי תיכלא ועִיוְּרָא (Rashi) shall I suffer both, bereavement and blindness? ↗ expanded

עֲוִירָא 3 ʿĂvira, an Amora. Ḥull. 42ᵇ; 55ᵇ; a. fr.—V. עִוְיָא II. ↗ expanded

עַוִּית , Pa. of עֲוַת. ↗ expanded

עַוִּית ² (עָוָה) convulsion. Ḥull. 60ᵇ (play on עַוִּים, v. עָוָה) שכל הרואה אותם אוחזתו ע׳ whoever saw them was seized with convulsions (from fright); Yalk. Deut. 809; Yalk. Josh. 22. Gitt. 70ᵃ. Tosef. Sabb. VII (VIII), 21, v. פִּיקָה II. Koh. R. to I, 18 ראית מימיך חמור ע׳ עליו וכ׳ hast thou ever seen an ass in spasms, a camel in spasms?; v. אַבְאָבִית. ↗ expanded

עוּכְלָא (עכל, cmp. אוּכְלָא II a. כְּלָה) ‘Ukhla, a small measure of capacity (also a weight). B. Bath. 89ᵇ. Ib. 90ᵃ וכמה היא ע׳ אחד משמונה ברובע (ed. מחמשה ברביע, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. to 89ᵇ note 400) and how much is an ‘Ukhla? One-eighth (fifth) of a fourth of a Kab. Sot. 8ᵇ; Tosef. ib. III, 1 (missing in ed. Zuck.; Y. ib. I, 17ᵃ אוכלא); Num. R. s. 9. Erub. 29ᵃ ע׳ תבלין an ‘U. of spices (v. כְּלָה).—Pl. עוּכְלֵי. B. Bath. 85ᵇ מחו לה מאה ע׳ עוכלא they struck (defeated) that opinion with a hundred measures against one (a hundred arguments against for one in favor of it; Rashi: with a hundred strokes with a lash to which the weight of an ‘Ukhla was attached); Keth. 53ᵃ דאמינא כמאן דקא מחו וכ׳ for I may adopt the opinion of him who said, they struck &c. ↗ expanded

עוֹל imperat. of עֲלַל. ↗ expanded

עוּל (interch. with עֲלַל) to come, come in. Perf. עָל, עָאל; part. עָל, עָאֵיל, עָאֵל, עָיֵיל. Targ. O. Ex. VII, 23 על; Targ. Y. עאל (ed. Amst. אָעַל). Targ. Y. ib. XXXIII, 9 עאיל (ed. Amst. אָעֵיל). Targ. O. Gen. XXIII, 10 עָאלֵי (ed. Berl. a. oth. עָלֵי; Y. עֲלֵי). Targ. Prov. XVII, 10 עָאלָא ed. Lag. (oth. ed. עָלָא); a. fr.—Y. Kidd. II, 63ᵃ top דחק סומכוס ועאל S. pressed on and went in. Yoma 51ᵇ נֵיעוּל וכ׳ (Ms. M. נעביד) let him make his entrance in the way prescribed by R. J. Ib. 52ᵃ ניעול בין מנורה וכ׳ let him make his entrance between the candlestick and the wall. Pes. 112ᵃ; B. Bath. 21ᵃ שבשתא כיון דעל על a mistake once entered (into the mind) remains therein. Sabb. 98ᵇ האי עָיֵיל והאי נפיק one will go in (recede), the other go out (protrude, i.e. form an uneven surface.); a. v. fr.— to bring in. Targ. Y. Gen. VI, 19 תֵעוֹל ed. Vien. (v. עֲלַל).—Gen. R. s. 67 (ref. to ועל חרבך Gen. XXVII, 40) עול חרבך וכ׳ bring thy sword home (into its sheath), and thou shalt live; (Yalk. ib. 115 תטול, read: תֵּעוּל). Pa. עַיֵּיל to come in habitually. Inf. מְעַיֵּיל, v. מֵעֲלָא. to bring in, insert. Ḥull. 42ᵇ אפיק … ועַיֵּיל, v. נֽפַק. Erub. 44ᵇ בעי עַיְּילִינְהוּ wanted to bring them in. Sabb. 96ᵇ מה לי אפוקי ומה לי עַיּיוּלֵי what is the difference between carrying out and bringing in? Erub. 38ᵇ ע׳ רב חסדא וכ׳ R. Ḥ. brought (the subject) in, in order to show a contradiction &c. Keth. 61ᵃ, עַיְּילִית וכ׳, v. חֲרִיקָא. Ib. 101ᵃ עַיְּילָא ליה גלימא if she brought him a cloak (as dowry). Yoma 47ᵃ נְעַיֵּיל והדר נעייל shall he bring in (one portion) and again bring in (another portion)?; a. fr. to produce, develop, ripen. R. Hash. 13ᵃ ודילמא לא ע׳ כלל perhaps it means when it (the growing vegetation) had not yet begun to ripen at all? Ib. דע׳ ביד נכרי the barley of which the ‘Omer was brought had ripened while in the possession of a gentile (a Canaanite). Ib. דע׳ ריבעא if it has developped one fourth of the full size; a. e. Ithpa. אִתְעַיֵּיל to insert one’s self; to get in. Yoma 51ᵇ ולא מִתְעַיֵּיל ליה he could not get himself in (between the table and the wall). Af. אָעֵיל ; Ittaf. אִיתָּעַל, Ithpe. אִתְעַל, v. עֲלַל. ↗ expanded

עוֹל ² yoke; also pole of a wagon. Kil. II, 6 מלא הע׳ השרוני the width of the yoke (the team) used in the plain of Sharon. Kel. XIV, 4 הע׳ של מתכות a metal pole (v. Maim. a. l.); ib. 5 הע׳ המצופה the metal-tipped pole. Sifré Num. 123 בע׳ שלא לעבודה וכ׳ the text speaks of a yoke not put on for working. Sot. 46ᵃ ע׳ פוסל בין בשעת וכ׳ the bearing of a yoke disqualifies the animal for the ceremony, whether it was put on at working time &c.; a. fr.—Trnsf. obligation, dependence. Ab. III, 5 כל המקבל עליו ע׳ תורה … ע׳ מלכות וע׳ דרך ארץ whosoever takes upon himself the yoke (obligations) of the Law, from him shall be removed the yoke of government (oppression) and the yoke of worldly affairs; וכל הפורק ממנו ע׳ תורה וכ׳ but he who throws off the yoke of the Law, will be made to feel the yoke of &c. Ber. II, 2 כדי שיקבל עליו ע׳ מלכות שמים … ע׳ מצות in order that he may acknowledge his dependence on divine government first (by reciting Deut. VI, 4 sq., v. שְׁמַע) and then his subjection to religious duties (by reciting Deut. XI, 13 sq.); a. fr.—Pl.) עוּלִּין. Tanḥ. V’zoth 5 שני ע׳ וכ׳ thou puttest two yokes upon thy children; Yalk. Deut. 952. ↗ expanded

עָוַל (b. h.), Pi. עִוֵּול, עִיוֵּל (denom. of עָוֶל) to act perversely; to do wrong, cheat. Tosef. B. Kam. VII, 8 המְעַוּוֵל במידות והמשקר וכ׳ he who cheats in measuring, and is false in weighing; Mekh. Mishp. s. 13. Yalk. Num. 765 מה אתה מועל ומשקר וכ׳ (read: מְעַוֵּל) why dost thou cheat and give false weights?; Tanḥ. Balak 12 מה אתה עושה מעולה ומשקר וכ׳ (corr. acc.); ib. ed. Bab. 16; a. e. ↗ expanded

עָוֶל perversion, fault. Yalk. Lam. 999 לא מצא בי ע׳ found no fault with me. Ib. מצאתם בי ע׳ you found fault with me; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַוְלָא Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 4 (O. עַוְלָה). Targ. Prov. XIII, 11.—Pl. עַוְלֵי, עַוְו׳. Ib. XXXI, 8, v. next w.—V. עַוְלְתָא. ↗ expanded

עַוָּלָא (preced.) pervert; wrong-doer. Targ. Prov. XXIX, 27 (ed. Wil. עֲוָ׳; some ed. עילה). Targ. Job XVIII, 21 (ed. Lag. עֲוִילָא).—Pl. עַוָּלַיָּא, עַוָּלֵי, עַיָּלָאֵי, עַוָּו׳. Targ. Zeph. III, 5 (not עַוְלַ׳). Targ. Prov. XXXI, 8 (ed. Wil. עַוְלֵי; h. text חֲלוֹף). Ib. XXIX, 18 בסוגא דעולאי (h. text באין חזון!). [Ib. XIV, 22 ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. הֲלָא; h. text הֲלוֹא.] ↗ expanded

עוּלָא 1 [that which is carried,] infant, nursling, child (v. עוֹלָל). B. Bath. 9ᵃ sq. ע׳ משגש ארחתיה דאימיה (Ms. H. אילא; Ms. F. עילא; ed. Ven. עיולא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 4) the suckling that confounded its mother’s way (a surname of R. Ăḥadboy, or of R. Shesheth, v. Rashi a. Tosaf. a. l.)—[pl. עוּלִין foals, v. עִילָא I.] ↗ expanded

עוּלָא 2 ‘Ula (or ‘Ulla), name of several Amoraim. Y. Shek. I, beg. 45ᵈ; a. fr.—Y. Ber. II, beg. 4ᵃ עילא.—Y. Meg. II, 73ᵇ עולה בירייה; Y. M. Kat. III, 83ᵇ bot. ע׳ ביריא; Bab. M. Kat. 26ᵃ ע׳ ביראה, v. בֵּירָאָה.—Y. Pes. III, 30ᵃ ע׳ דקיסרין; Y. Nidd. II, 50ᵃ bot.—Esp. known: ‘U. bar Yishmael, in Bab. only ‘Ula. Y. Succ. IV, 54ᶜ. Y. Gitt. V, 47ᵇ top; Bab. Gitt. 55ᵃ. Hor. 4ᵃ; (Y. ib. I, 46ᵃ top הילא). Y. Maasr. V, 51ᵈ, a. e. עילא, עילה; a. fr.—Y. Kil. IX, 32ᶜ bot. ע׳ נחותא; Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵇ עללא (corr. acc.), v. נָחוֹתָא.—V. Fr. M’bo, p. 119ᵇ, sq. ↗ expanded

עוּלְבַּן (עֲלַב) = h. עֶלְבּוֹן, humiliation, insult. Targ. Zeph. III, 12 מקבל ע׳ submitting to humiliation (h. text דל). Targ. Y. Ex. III, 16. Targ. Is. XXXIV, 8; a. fr. assumption of superiority, arrogance. Gitt. 36ᵇ הא פרוסבלא ע׳ דרייני הוא that institution of Prosbol (v. פְּרוֹסְבּוֹל) is an ʿulbana of the judges. Ib. האי ע׳ לישנא דחוצפא הוא או לישנא דניחותא הוא this ‘ulbana, does it mean assumption of power, or does it mean submission (i.e. submission to a law which they at heart disapprove)? [Rashi explains ניחותא convenience, i.e. an assumption of authority not from arrogance but from a desire to relieve the judges from overwork]. ↗ expanded

עַוְלָה (b. h; v. עָוֶל) wrong. Keth. 19ᵇ כיון דע׳ הוא אע׳ חתמי since it (the holding of a bill of indebtedness on trust, v. אֲמָנָה) is a wrong, (a violation of the rule, ‘harbor no wrong in thy tent’, Job XI, 14), they would not have lent their signature to a wrong act; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַוְלָה ² ch., v. עַוְלָא ↗ expanded

עוּלָה 1 pr. n. m., v. עוּלָא II ↗ expanded

עוּלָה 2 girl, v. עוֹלְלָה. ↗ expanded

עוֹלָה [rising,] burnt-offering. Ḥag. 6ᵃ ע׳ … עוֹלַת תמיד הואי the burnt-offering which the Israelites brought in the desert (Ex. XXIV, 5) was the daily offering; עולת ראייה הואי was the Temple visitors’ offering; Yeb. 5ᵇ. Zeb. 7ᵇ, v. דּוֹרוֹן II. Ib. ע׳ אחריתי another burnt-offering. Ib. V, 4; a. v. fr.—Pl. עוֹלוֹת. Ḥag. l. c. שריבה … יותר מבע׳ for the Biblical text ordains, in connection with the princes, more peace-offerings than burnt-offerings. Ib. I, 3; 5; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוּלֵים (עֲלֵם) strong, powerful. Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ כהנא הוה ע׳ סגין Kahăna was very powerful (in mysteries). young, young man; (cmp. נַעַר) servant. Targ. II Chr. XXXV, 27 (contrad. to טלי). Targ. O. Gen. XLI, 12 (Y. טליא). Targ. I Sam. XVII, 55. Ib. II, 13; a. fr.—Keth. 72ᵇ ע׳ אייתי וכ׳ boy, get me the spindle; Snh. 95ᵃ עֶלֶם (Ms. F. עולימא); a. e.—Pl. עוּלֵימִין, עוּלֵימַיָּא, עוּלֵימֵי, עוּלֵמ׳. Targ. I Sam. II, 33. Ib. XVI, 11. Targ. Esth. II, 2 (not עוֹלְמֵי); a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 79 (play on אלמתיו, Ps. CXXVI, 6) אתא טעון ע׳ ועוּלֵמִיתָא he (Jacob) came laden with young men (sons) and a girl (daughter); Midr. Till. to Ps. l. c. ועולמין עולמיתא ed. Bub. (oth. ed. עוּלֵמֵי ועולמותי, corr. acc.); Yalk. Ps. 881 עוּלֵימֵי ועולימות (read: ועוּלֵימִית); Yalk. Gen. 133 עולמי ועולמי׳ …—Fem. עוּלֵימָא, עוּלֵימִיתָא, עוּלֵימְתָּא, עוּלֵמִ׳. Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 14 (ed. Amst. עוּלֶמְתָּא); a. fr.—Gen. R. l. c., a. e., v. supra.—Pl. עוּלֵימָן, עוּלֵימתָא, עוּלֵמָ׳. Targ. Zech. VIII, 5. Targ. Esth. II, 9. Ib. 2 (ed. Vien. עֻלֵּמָן); Targ. II ib. עֲלֵימָן; a. fr.—Y. M. Kat. III, 83ᵇ bot., v. עֲלִימוּת.—V. next wds. ↗ expanded

עוּלֵימָא youth, v. עוּלֵימַיָּא. ↗ expanded

עוּלֵימוּ (preced.) strength. Targ. I Kings XII, 10; Targ. II Chr. X, 10 (ed. Lag. גבורתא). youth. Targ. Is. LIV, 4. Targ. O. Gen. XVIII, 12. Targ. O. Num. XI, 28 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. מעוּלֵימוֹהִי, v. next w.). Targ. Joel I, 8 עוּלֵימוּתָהָא ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. עוּלֶמְתָּהָא; oth. ed. עוּלֵימָתָהָא pl.); a. fr.—[עולימות, עולמותי, v. עוּלֵים.] ↗ expanded

עוּלֵימַיָּא m. pl. same. Targ. Is. LIV, 6 (ed. Ven. עֲלוּמִין). Targ. Ps. CXXVII, 4 Ms. (ed. עולימא). Ib. LXXXIX, 46 עוּלֵימוֹי Ms. (ed. עֲלִימוֹי). Targ. O. Num. XI, 28, v. preced.; a. e. ↗ expanded

עוּלֵימִית , v. עוּלֵים, a. עוּלֵימוּ. ↗ expanded

עוּלְיָתָא , v. עוּלְתִין ↗ expanded

עוֹלָל nursling, child. Sot. 30ᵇ ע׳ מוטל וכ׳ an infant lying on its mother’s knees; ע׳ הגביה וכ׳ the infant raised its neck, the suckling dropped the breast …, and they said, This is my God &c.; Y. ib. V, 20ᶜ top; a. e.—Pl. עוֹלְלִים. Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 1 (ref. to Ps. VIII, 3) ע׳ אלו ע׳ שבחוץ ‘ol’lim means the children playing in the street (with ref. to Jer. IX, 20); Midr. Till. to Ps. l. c. ע׳ אלו שבחוץ ‘ol’lim means infants outside (of the womb, by ref. to Lam. IV, 4); (oth. opin.) ע׳ אלו שבפנים ‘ol’lim refers to those yet unborn (by ref. to Job III, 16); Mekh. l. c.; Yalk. Ps. 640 ע׳ אלו שבמעי אמן; ib. ע׳ חזרו לטיבורן the infants returned to their navel (womb); Yalk. Lam. 1043. Midr. Till. to Ps. IX (ref. העלם, Koh. III, 11) גם אהבת הע׳ נתן וכ׳ even the love of the little ones has he put into the heart of their parents. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXXI אני מנפץ את עוֹלָלַיִךְ … את עוֹלָלַי I myself will shatter thy babes, as thou didst mine; a. e.—Fem. עוֹלְלָה girl. Esth. R. to I, 9 (ref. to לעולליהם, Ps. XVII, 14) ע׳ אחת וכ׳ (some ed. עוּלָה) one babe was left &c.; (Yalk. Ps. 671 יתומה). ↗ expanded

עוֹלְלָא , pl. עוֹלְלָן, עוֹלְלָתָא = h. עוֹלֵלוֹת (v. עוֹלֵלָה) gleanings, single bunches. Targ. Jer. XLIX, 9; Targ. Ob. I, 5. Targ. Is. XVII, 6 (ed. Wil. עוֹלְלִין m.).—Lam. R. to I, 22 (ref. to ועולל ib.) קטיף עוֹלְלָתֵיהוֹן כמה דקטפת עוֹלְלָתַי cut their last bunches as thou hast done to mine; v. עוֹלֵלָה. ↗ expanded

עוֹלְלָה girl, v. עוֹלָל. ↗ expanded

עוֹלֵלָה עוֹלֵלוֹת pl., = מְעוֹ׳; עָלַל) [that which is searched after,] gleaning reserved for the poor; in gen. small single bunch (on a single branch, or hanging down directly from the trunk), opp. to אשכול. Peah VII, 4 איזהו ע׳, v. כָּתֵף. Ib. ע׳ בארכובה a bunch on the knee of a vine. Ib. גרגר יחידי … ע׳ (Mish. ed. עוֹלֵלוֹת pl.) single berries … are considered gleanings (belong to the poor); Sifra K’dosh., Par. 1, ch. III; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 29 ראה עוללה אחת וכ׳ saw a single bunch (that wag ripe), and said a blessing over it; כדאי הע׳ וכ׳ this single bunch is worth saying a blessing over it. Lam. R. to I, 12 (ref. to עולל ib.) קטף עוֹלְלָתִי he cut my last bunch (destroyed me entirely), v. עוֹלְלָא.—Pl. עוֹלֵלוֹת. Sifra l. c.; Peah VII, 7 כרם שכולו ע׳ a vineyard in which all grapes grow in small separate bunches. Ib. 8 המקדיש … בו הע׳ וכ׳ if one consecrates his vineyards before the bunches (which would have been the poor man’s share) were distinguishable on it, they do not belong to the poor. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXXI אלקוט עוֹלְלוֹתֶיהָ של גפן (not עלילותי׳) I will pluck the very gleanings of the vines; ואת לקחת עד הע׳ וכ׳ (read לקטת) but thou hast plucked the last grapes. Esth. R. to I, 9 (ref. to Is. III, 12, and Lev. IX, 10) מקטפין עוֹלְלוֹתֵיהֶן they (the officers) cut their gleanings (rob the people of their last belongings); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוֹלְלָתָא , v. עוֹלְלָא ↗ expanded

עוֹלָם [strength, endurance,] nature, existence, world; (b. h.) life-time, eternity. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᵇ bot. (ref. to עד עולם, I Sam. I, 22) והלא אין עוֹלָמוֹ של לוי וכ׳ but the life-time (active service) of the Levite is only up to fifty years. Kidd. 15ᵃ (ref. to Ex. XXI, 6 לְעֹלָם) הוה אמינא לע׳ ממש I might have thought, that it meant really for ever (for life); קמשמע לן לע׳ לעולמו של יובל it is intimated (by ושבתם וכ׳, Lev. XXV, 10) that l’‘olam means up to the period of the jubilee. Ber. 17ᵃ עוֹלָמְךָ תראה בחייך וכ׳ mayest thou see (enjoy) thy existence during thy life-time, and thy future (reward be reserved) for the life of the world to come. Arakh. 16ᵇ bot. קיבל עולמו has received his reward in this world. Ber. IX, 5 כל חותמי … מן הע׳ (Bab. ed. 54ᵃ עד הע׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 20) in all conclusions of benedictions in the Temple they used to say, (Blessed is the Lord …) from everlasting; משקלקלו … אין ע׳ אלא אחד וכ׳ … when the heretics (or Sadducees) degenerated and said, there is only one world, they ordained the formula, From everlasting to everlasting. Pes. 56ᵃ; Tosef. ib. II (III), 19 they did not say ברוך שם כבוד מלכותו לע׳ וָעֶד blessed be the name of His glorious kingdom for ever and ever. Gen. R. s. 30, a. fr. ראה ע׳ חדש has seen a new world (a great change). Cant. R. to I, 3, a. e. ע׳ שאין בו מות, v. אֲתָאנַסְיָא; a. fr.—Y. Ned. XI, 42ᶜ bot. פירות הע׳ the fruits of the world, i.e. coming from some other place, opp. צבורים בסידקי.—ע׳ הזה (abbrev. עה"ז) this world, mundane existence; ע׳ הבא (abbrev. עה"ב) the world to come, the hereafter, also the Messianic days; the days of resurrection. Pes. 50ᵃ לא כעה"ז עה"ב not as in this world (the present), will it be in the Messianic days. Ber. 51ᵃ זוכה ונוחל שני עולמים העה"ז והעה"ב will be permitted to inherit two worlds, this world and the hereafter. Ab. IV, 16, v. פְּרוֹזְדּוֹר. Snh. X, 1, a. fr. חלק לעה"ב a share in the world to come (resurrection); a. v. fr.—אומות הע׳ (abbrev. אוה"ע, א"ה), v. אוּמָּה.—בית ע׳ (euphem.) cemetery. Lev. R. s. 12, beg. (interch. with עֲלַם q. v.).—Pl. עוֹלָמִים, עוֹלָמִין, עוֹלָמוֹת. Ber. l. c., v. supra. Snh. 100ᵃ שלש מאות ועשרה ע׳ three hundred and ten worlds (existences of beatitude). Gen. R. s. 3, a. e. היה בורא ע׳ ומחריבן he created worlds and destroyed them again; a. fr.—בית ע׳ the permanent house, the Jerusalem Temple, opp. משכן the Tabernacle. Succ. 5ᵇ; a. fr.—לְעוֹלָם a) forever, always, under all circumstances. Y. Ber. V, 9ᵃ bot. חיים לע׳ a life for ever (not ceasing). Keth. IV, 5 לע׳ היא ברשות וכ׳ she (the betrothed) continues to be under the father’s jurisdiction (sharing his legal status), until she is wedded. B. Mets. 59ᵃ לע׳ … בכבוד אשתו under all conditions a man must guard the honor of his wife. Yeb. 46ᵃ, a. e. לע׳ אין גר עד וכ׳ a person is not considered a proselyte, until he has been circumcised and immersed; a. v. fr.—b) (dialectic term) at all events, in spite of your argument, still. Ḥull. 101ᵃ לע׳ קסבר וכ׳ Rab may still be of the opinion that &c.; Ber. 3ᵃ. Ib. 3ᵇ לע׳ בחד וכ׳ I may still say, it refers to one person and to recent debris; a. fr.—מֵע׳ לא never. Yoma 49ᵃ מע׳ לא שאלני וכ׳ never (in my life) did a person consult me about &c.; (Ḥull. 7ᵇ מימי). Sabb. 108ᵇ מע׳ לא טבע גברא וכ׳ never yet has a person been drowned in the Dead Sea; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוּלֵם , v. sub עוּלֵימ׳. ↗ expanded

עוֹלָמִית adv. (v. עוֹלָם) for ever, absolutely. Tosef. Dem. II, 9 אין מקבלין אותן ע׳ they must never (under no conditions) be received (as ḥaberim, v. חָבֵר). Y. Sabb. IX, end, 12ᵇ אין לו תקנה ע׳ can never be remedied; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוּלֵמִית , v. עוּלֵים, עוּלֵימוּ. ↗ expanded

עוּלְשִׁין endives (v. Löw Pfl., p. 255). Kil. I, 2 ע׳ ועוּלְשֵׁי שדה (garden) endives and field endives; Y. ib. 27ᵃ top ע׳ טרוקסימון ‘ulshin are endives that are eaten raw, ע׳ שדה עולתין field ‘ulshin are known as ‘ulthin (Chald.). Pes. II, 6; a. e. ↗ expanded

עוּלְשִׁין ² Targ. Y. Ex. XII, 8 (h. text מררים); Targ. Cant. II, 9. ↗ expanded

עוּלְשָׁתָא ‘Ulshatha. Tosef. Shebi. IV, 11 (missing in ed. Zuck., Var. עול שתא, עילשתא; v. Hildesh. Beitr., p. 34, a. p. 80 note). ↗ expanded

עַוְלְתָא (v. עַוְלָא) perversion, wrong. Targ. Ps. XCII, 16. Targ. Job XV, 16 Ms. (ed. עִילִיתָא, עִילְתָא). ↗ expanded

עוּלְתִין m. pl. ch. = h. עוּלְשִׁין. Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ top, v. עוּלְשִׁין.—Lam. R. to III, 42 עוּלְיָתָא Ar. (ed. כרנבי), v. בְּסִימָא. ↗ expanded

עוּמָּא , Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. I, 6, = עִימָּא. ↗ expanded

עוּמָד = אוּמָד, estimate, guess, medical prognosis. Tam. II, 5 בע׳ חמש וכ׳ as much wood as would by estimate yield five S’ah of coal. Y. Snh. IX, 27ᵃ bot. ע׳ של טעות an erroneous prognosis. Y. Naz. IX, end, 58ᵃ ע׳ האמצעי, v. אוּמָד. Ib. עֶמֶד, a. עֲמָדָה.—Pl. עוּמָדִין. Ib. שני ע׳ two subsequent medical opinions. ↗ expanded

עוֹמֶד , v. עֹמֶד ↗ expanded

עוֹמְדוֹת (עָמַד) standing at meetings, attendance while standing, opp. יְשִׁיבוֹת. Y. Sabb. X, 12ᶜ bot., a. e., v. יְשִׁיבָה. ↗ expanded

עוֹמְדִים (preced.) upright loom. Neg. II, 4 כאורגת בע׳ in the position of one weaving at an upright loom; Sifra Thazr., Neg., Par. 3, ch. IV (not בעומר׳); Lev. R. s. 15 בעמרים (corr. acc.); Yalk. ib. 551 (corr. acc.). side-pieces of a ladder. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 13 אחר הע׳ the material of the side-pieces decides (v. עֲדָשָׁה 4). ↗ expanded

עוּמָּה junction; לְעוּמַּת corresponding, against. Keth. V, 8 פוסק לְעוּמָּתָן וכ׳ must give her other products of the same nutritious quality. ↗ expanded

עוֹמֶס (עמס) pack; מלא עוֹמְסוֹ as much as one can pack into one’s hand. Snh. 100ᵃ; Yalk. Ps. 797. ↗ expanded

עוֹמֶק depth, profoundness. Pes. 54ᵇ (among the things hidden to man) ע׳ הדין the profundity of divine judgment; [oth. opin.: the intricacy of human law]; Mekh. B’shall., Vayass‘a, s. 5. Meg. 3ᵇ top (ref. to Josh. VIII, 9, a. 13, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 4) שהלך ולן בעוֹמְקָהּ וכ׳ Tosaf. (ed. שלן only) he went and spent the night in the depth (of study) of the Law; Erub. 63ᵇ שהלך בעומקה וכ׳ he entered into the depth &c.; a. fr.—Meg. 6ᵃ הרוגי ע׳ those who died in the valley (Babylonia), v. רַקַּת.—Pl. עוֹמָקִין. Gen. R. s. 41 beg. Ar.; Yalk. Ps. 845, v. סִיקוֹסִים II. ↗ expanded

עוּמְקָא 1 depth, foundation; the soil under a building. B. Bath. IV, 2 לא את הבור … אע"פ שכתב לו ע׳ ורומא (in selling a building, one has not implicitly sold) the well or the subterranean store-room, although he wrote in the contract ‘depth and height’ (ground under the building and space above the roof); ib. 61ᵃ עומקה ורומה (corr. acc.). Ib. 63ᵇ ע׳ ורומא בסתמא לא קני depth and height, unless explicitly stated, are not sold with the house (and the seller has a right to dig under and to build on top of the house); אהני ע׳ ורומא למיקני ע׳ ורומא the specification of ‘depth and height’ in the contract, has the effect to give possession of the ground beneath and the space above. Ib. ואי ס"ד בסתמא קני ע׳ ורומא ליהני ע׳ ורומא למיקנא בור וכ׳ but if we were to assume that depth and height are implied in the sale, let the specification of ‘depth and height’ have the effect to give possession of the well &c. Ib. 64ᵃ; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 50 וסדום בע׳ היא וכ׳ now, Sodom was situated in a depression, therefore he said, and I cannot escape to the mountain; שרי בע׳ וכ׳ he dwelt in a valley, and they say to him, go out to the mountain (which has a healthier climate), and yet he speaks in that manner? B. Mets. 117ᵇ נחית לע׳ דדינא; B. Kam. 53ᵃ; ib. 39ᵃ לעוּמְקֵיה וכ׳, v. נְחַת; a. e.—Pl. עוּמְקַיָּא, עוּמְקִין. Targ. Ps. CXXX, 1. Targ. Ez. XXVII, 34; a. e.—V. עִמְקָא. (trnsf., cmp. חָלָל III) intricacy, cunning, reservation. Targ. Y. I Gen. XXII, 14 (Y. II פַּלְגּוּ). ↗ expanded

עוּמְקָא 2 , constr. עוֹמֶק, עוֹמַק; pl. עוּמְקְוָון, עוּמְקְיָין, v. עָמְקָא. ↗ expanded

עוֹמְקָן (v. עוּמְקָא I, reserved person, trickster. Der. Er. Zuta ch. VI. ↗ expanded

עוּמְקָנָא , tricky. Targ. Ps. CI, 4 ed. Ven. (oth. ed. עוקמנא). ↗ expanded

עוֹמֶר sheaf. Peah IV, 3 ע׳ השכחה the forgotten sheaf (Deut. XXIV, 19); a. fr.—Pl. עוֹמְרִים, עוֹמְרִין, עֳמָרִ׳. Ib. VI, 5 שני ע׳ שכחה two sheaves left in the field are considered as forgotten (belong to the poor). Ib. 6 שני ע׳ ובהם סאתים two sheaves containing two S’ah between them (the ordinary size of a sheaf being one S’ah). Ib. וכי מרוב הע׳ וכ׳ is the privilege of the owner strengthened or infringed by the quantity of the sheaves (irrespective of their sizes)? Ib. V, 1; a. fr. [Lev. R. s. 15; Yalk. ib. 551, v. עוֹמְדִים.] [the quantity of grain in a sheaf,] Omer, a dry measure, esp. the Omer of barley offered on the sixteenth day of Nisan (Lev. XXIII, 10—14). Men. X, 1 הע׳ היה בא בשבת וכ׳ the Omer, when offered on the Sabbath, was prepared by cutting three S’ah-fuls of barley (sifted down to one Omer). Tosef. Dem. I, 28 מותר ע׳ that which is left over when preparing the Omer. Men. X, 6 הע׳ היה מתיר וכ׳ the offering of the Omer had the effect of allowing the use of the new crop in the country. Ib. 7 קידם לע׳ before the Omer was to be offered (before the sixteenth of Nisan); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוּמְרָא sheaf. Targ. Deut. XXIV, 19. (O. ed. Vien. עֻמְ׳) Omer. Targ. Ex. XVI, 36 (Y. ed. Vien. עַמְרָא; O. ed. Vien. עֻמְ׳). Ib. 33. Targ. Lev. XXIII, 10; a. fr.—Targ. Hos. III, 2 עוֹמַר ארמותא (עוֹמֶר) the Omer of the wave-offering (h. text חֹמֶר).—Pl. עוּמְרִין, עֻמְרִין. Targ. Ex. XVI, 22. ↗ expanded

עָוֹן perversion, wrong. Deut. R. s. 3 לא חטא ולא ע׳ no sin or wrong. Sabb. 30ᵃ אותו ע׳ that sin (of David’s, against Uriah and Bathsheba); Snh. 107ᵃ מחול לי על אותו ע׳ כולו pardon me for that sin entirely. Sabb. 88ᵇ עֲוֹן גדי, v. כָּרַם. Snh. 44ᵇ אם יש בי ע׳ זה if I am guilty of that crime (for which I am to be put to death); a. fr.—ע׳ גליון, v. אָוֶן.—Pl. עֲוֹנוֹת, עֲווֹנוֹת. Ib. תהא … עֲווֹנוֹתַיי may my death be an atonement for all my wrong-doings. Ber. 5ᵇ מוחלין לו כל עֲוֹנוֹתָיו is forgiven all his sins. Yoma III, 8. Ib. 39ᵇ עְווֹנוֹתֵיהֶן של ישראל the sins of Israel; a. v. fr. (sub. עוֹנֶשׁ) penalty. Yeb. 47ᵃ מודיעין אותו עֲוֹן לקט וכ׳ we acquaint him (the proselyte) with the consequences of a neglect of the laws concerning the share of the poor &c., v. עוֹנֶשׁ.—בַּעֲ׳ as a punishment for, in consequence of. Sabb. 32ᵇ בע׳ נדרים (sub. ביטול) as a punishment for the neglect of vows; בע׳ מזוזה for neglecting the law concerning the door-post inscription; בע׳ ביטול תורה for neglecting the study of the Law; בע׳ גילוי עריות for unchastity; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוּן to be round, curved; denom. עַיִן. Pi. עִיֵּין (denom. of עַיִן) to look in, read. Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 34 אסור … לעַיֵּין בתורה וכ׳ the interpreter must not look into the Torah (Hebrew text) and translate; (Pesik. R. s. 5 ליתן עיניו). to look carefully; to search, investigate (cmp. דּוּק a. דִּקְדֵּק). B. Bath. 115ᵃ (ref. ובן אין לו, Num. XXVII, 8) עַיֵּין עליו (Ar. אַיֵּין) investigate his case (whether he has really no male issue); Yeb. 22ᵇ. Kidd. 4ᵃ (ref. to Lev. XXII, 13 וזרע אין לה) עיין לה; Yeb. 70ᵃ עיין עלה (Chald.). to speculate, contemplate. Ber. 55ᵃ המאריך בתפלתו ומְעַיֵּין בה he who stays long in prayer and speculates on it (expecting its fulfillment as a reward for his lengthy prayer); Yalk. Prov. 950; Ber. 32ᵇ; a. e. [to measure with the eye] to balance exactly, opp. הכריע (v. כָּרַע). B. Bath. 89ᵃ אין מְעַיְּינִין … במקום שמעיינין where it is customary to give overweight, you dare not sell by exact weight, and vice versa; a. e.—Part. pass. מְעוּיָּין a) (adv.) weighed exactly, even-balanced. Num. R. s. 16, end (ref. to עין בעין, Num. XIV, 14) הרי מאזנים מע׳ אתה וכ׳ behold the scales are evenly balanced, thou sayest …, and I say &c.; Deut. R. s. 5 הרי מדת הדין בכף מאזנים מע׳ judgment lies on evenly balanced scales. Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 34; Pesik. R. s. 5, beg. המאזניים מע׳ the claims on both sides are equal. Y. Snh. X, beg. 27ᶜ היה מע׳ if it (his sins and his merits) be even; Y. Peah I, 16ᵇ bot.; Y. Kidd. I, end, 61ᵈ מחציין (corr. acc.); Yalk. Ps. 784 כף מאזניים מע׳ [היה]; a. e.—b) having eyes (rings) or colors. Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ, v. לְעוּנִים. Polel. עוֹנֵן (b. h.) [to contemplate; to augur;] to produce apparitions, to conjure. Snh. 65ᵇ, a. e. (interpret. מעונן, Deut. XVIII, 10) המעביר … על העין, v. זְכוּרוּ. Ib. (oth. interpret.) האוהז את העינים, v. אָחַז. Ib. (oth. interpret.; cmp. Pi.) המחשב עתים ושעות וכ׳ who calculates what times and hours are auspicious &c.; [Comment. on המחשב עתים explain עונן as denomin. of עוֹנָה I]; Tosef. Sabb. VII (VIII), 14 נותני עתים וכ׳. ↗ expanded

עוּן ² Pa. עֵיֵּין, עַיֵּן same, to watch, guard. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 10 עַיְּינֵי (Paeli).—B. Kam. 32ᵇ איבעי ליה עַיּוּנֵי (עַיּוּנֵיה) he ought to have been on his guard; Macc. 8ᵃ לעַיּיוּנֵיה. to look out for, select. Targ. Job VIII, 17 יְעַיֵּין ed. Lag. (oth. ed. יְעוֹיִן). to look into, meditate, study, speculate. M. Kat. 14ᵇ לעיוני בדיניה to study his case (not to decide it). Ib. אתו מצפרא ומְעַיְּינֵי בדיניה וכ׳ they meet in the morning and consider his case …, and then they come again at sunset &c. Ber. 25ᵃ עַיֵּין אי וכ׳ examine and see whether &c. Ib. 58ᵃ עד דמעייני ביה בדינא while they were arguing about him in court. Snh. 18ᵇ ומְעַיְּינִינָא וכ׳ and we argue on his case. Meg. 30ᵇ מְעַיְּינִינָן במילי דמתא we look into the affairs (the moral condition) of the town. Gitt. 60ᵃ; Tem. 14ᵇ מְעַיְּינֵי בספרא וכ׳ used to study the book of &c. R. Hash. 16ᵃ בחינה עיוני בעלמא היא ‘to probe’ (בחן) means merely to investigate (without decreeing). Ber. 55ᵃ דמְעַיּין בה when he thinks of his prayer (expecting its fulfilment), v. preced; a. fr.—[Pol. עוֹנֵן, v. עֲנַן.] ↗ expanded

עוֹנֶג pleasure, enjoyment. Sabb. 118ᵇ (ref. to והתענג Ps. XXXVII, 4) ע׳ זה איני יודע … ע׳ שבת I should not have known what this ‘delight’ means, but when it is said (Is. LVIII, 13), thou callest the Sabbath a delight, I learn that this ‘oneg means the enjoyment of the Sabbath; a. e. ↗ expanded

עוֹנָה 1 (עָנָה I) [turn, circle, period,] moment, esp. ‘Onah, the twenty-fourth part of an hour. Yalk. Deut. 942 ואין להרהר … אפי׳ ע׳ של כלום and you must not criticise God’s dealings with man even for a moment of the least duration; Sifré Deut. 307 (some ed. שנה, emended in ed. Fr. עוולה; corr. acc.). Tosef. Ber. I, 3 הע׳ … בשעה והעת … בע׳ an ‘Onah is the twenty-fourth part of an hour, and an ‘Eth the twenty-fourth part of an ‘Onah, and a Reg‘a. the twenty-fourth part of an ‘Eth; Y. ib. I, 2ᵈ top; Lam. R. to II, 18 (corr. acc.). ‘Onah, a period of twelve astronomical hours, one half of the natural day and of the natural night, or (at solstice) natural day, or natural night. Y. Ab. Zar. V, end, 45ᵇ; Bab. Ab. Zar. 75ᵃ; Nidd. 65ᵇ. Y. Ab. Zar. l. c. כדי ע׳; Tosef. Toh. XI, 16 מלא ע׳ for the term of an ‘Onah; Ab. Zar. l. c. וכמה ע׳ how long? An ‘Onah. Yeb. 62ᵇ; Nidd. 63ᵇ וכמה … ע׳ and how long before?… An ‘Onah. Ib. ע׳ אחריתי an additional ‘O. (day or eventually night). Ib. 65ᵃ ע׳ שלמה a complete ‘O., expl. ib. לילה וחצי יום, expl. ib.ᵇ אי לילה וכ׳ either the space of one night at solstice, or half a day and half a night &c., in midsummer or midwinter; a. fr.—Pl. עוֹנוֹת. Mikv. VIII, 3; Tosef. ib. VI, 6; Sabb. 86ᵃ. Ib. 86ᵇ; Y. ib. IX, 12ᵃ top ע׳ שלמות full ‘Onahs (not counting fractions); a. fr.—4) due season, period, stage. Peah IV, 8 עד שלא באו לעוֹנַת המעשרות before the harvested products have arrived at the stage when they are subject to tithes; Maasr. V, 5. Y. M. Kat. III, 83ᵃ top עוֹנַת קרית שמע the time of the day for reading the Sh’m‘a. Y. Shek. I, beg. 45ᵈ כדי שיביאו … בעוֹנָתָן so that the Israelites might deliver their Shekels in due time. Y. Erub. VIII, end, 25ᵇ אם עונת הגשמים היא if it is during the rainy season; Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵃ. Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ top בעל התאנה … עוֹנָתָהּ וכ׳ the owner of the fig tree knows when it is time for the figs to be picked; כך הקב"ה … עוֹנָתָן של וכ׳ so does the Lord know when it is time for the rightheous to be called away; Cant. R. to VI, 2. Y’lamd. to Num. XXIII, 10, quot. in Ar. עונת אשה marriageable age, v. עוֹפֶר; a. v. fr.—Esp. (b. h. עֹנָה) the duty of marital visits at certain intervals, marital duty. Keth. V, 6 הע׳ האמורה בתורה וכ׳ the time for marital duties intimated in the Law (Ex. XXI, 10) is: for men of leisure &c.; Gen. R. s. 76; Yalk. ib. 131. Sabb. 118ᵇ למימרא … מצות ע׳ לא קיים does this mean that R. J. neglected the regulations concerning the marital duty? Keth. 62ᵇ; a. fr.—Mekh. Mishp., s. 3 (ref. to Ex. l. c.) ועוֹנָתָהּ זו דרך ארץ her ‘onah refers to marital visits; [oth. opin.: ועונתה לא יתן וכ׳ her ‘onah means, he must not give her summer apparel in winter &c., but כל אחד ואחד בעונתה each in its due season; anoth. opin.: עונתה זו מזונה her ‘onah means her sustenance (with ref. to ויענך Deut. VIII, 3; v. next w.); Keth. 47ᵇ; Y. ib. V, 30ᵇ top.] ↗ expanded

עוֹנָה 2 (עָנָה II; cmp. עִינּוּי) trouble, suffering. Sifra B’ḥuck., Par. 2, ch. VIII (play on יען וביען, Lev. XXVI, 43) ע׳ של מדבר (Yalk. Lev. 675 עוֹנוֹת) the privations in the desert; ע׳ של בעל פעור (Yalk. l. c. של פעור) the suffering attendant upon the worship of Baal (Num. XXV, 3, Ps. CVI, 28, sq.); ע׳ של מלכי האמורי the suffering from the Emorite kings (Jud. II, sq.).—Pl. עוֹנוֹת. Lev. R. s. 17 (play on חׄרׄצׄבׄות, Ps. LXXIII, 4, v. הִרְהֵר) ולא צׄבׄיתים בע׳ I did not make them swell from sufferings; ib. אין להם ציבים של ע׳ וכ׳ they (the wicked) have no swellings (accumulations) of sufferings with which they die (so as to atone for their sins) &c.; Yalk. Ps. 808. ↗ expanded

עוֹנָה 3 (denom. of עַיִן) sight or affliction of the eye. Men. 64ᵇ, v. next w. shade of color, pattern (in weaving, v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Tela).—Pl. עוֹנוֹת. Lev. R. s. 17 [read:] אלו לציבים ולע׳ (v. Ar. s. v. אספריטין, where our w. reads: ולעֵינוֹת) these (the coarse threads) are used for tassels and for producing (raised) patterns; Yalk. Ps. 808 לצביתים ולעֵנוֹת. ↗ expanded

עוֹנָה 4 (denom. of עַיִן; cmp. Arab.‘âna manare) welling, flux. Men. 64ᵇ a woman said, I am offering a sacrifice לעוֹנָתִי after my recovery from flux, סבור מינה … לעוֹנָתָהּ ממש (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) which they understood to mean really for her flux, when the suggestion was offered, שמא בעינה סיכנה (v. preced.) perhaps she was in danger of losing her eye-sight; Y. Shek. V, 48ᵈ לעֵינָתִי, interpreted שופעת כמעיין, v. שָׁפַע.—[Rashi, ignoring Y. Shek. l. c., takes our w. in the sense of due season for a sacrifice, v. עוֹנָה.]—[Tosef. M. Kat. I, 2 עונתו של מים, v. עוּגָּה.] ↗ expanded

עוֹנִי 1 , v. עוֹנָה II) misery, poverty, privation. Ab. IV, 9 כל המקיים … מע׳ וכ׳ he who fulfills the Law in spite of poverty, shall finally do so in wealth; וכל המבטל … סופו לבטלה מע׳ and he who neglects the Law on account of his wealth, shall finally neglect it from poverty. M. Kat. 17ᵇ, a. e. כל מקום … או מיתה או ע׳ wherever the scholars put their eyes (upon a person, i.e. decreed the ban), there follows either death or poverty. Midr. Till. to Ps. V (ref. to I Chr. XXII, 13) בעָנְיִי בצער וכ׳ what does ‘in my misery’ mean? In the pain which I suffered about it. Sifré Deut. 130 (ref. to Deut. XVI, 3) למה נקרא לחם ע׳ על שם עינוי וכ׳ why is it called bread of misery? For the affliction which they suffered in Egypt; a. fr.—[Pes. 36ᵇ תיפוק ליה מלחם ע׳ … באוני derive it (that you dare not use second tithes for unleavened bread to be eaten with the Passover lamb) from the expression ‘bread of misery’, which intimates ‘that which it is permitted to eat in mourning (to the exclusion of second tithes, v. Deut. XXVI, 14); ib.ᵃ לחם ע׳ מה שנאכל באנינות. Ib., a. e. לחם ע׳ לחם שעונין עליו וכ׳ ‘bread of recitation’, bread over which they recite many words (the Hagadah, Hallel &c.).] ↗ expanded

עוֹנִי ch., v. עַנִּי ↗ expanded

*עוֹנִי 2 ‘Oni. Tosef. Ohol. XVI, 12 תחום ע׳ (R. S. to Ohol. XVI, 5 עכו); cmp. אוֹנִי II. ↗ expanded

עוניתא , Lam. R. to IV, 18 עוניתיה, read: אוֹנִיתָא. ↗ expanded

עונן , Y. Snh. VII, 24ᶜ top הניחוש והע׳, read: והעִינּוּן. ↗ expanded

עוֹנְנִין , v. עָנְנָא ↗ expanded

עוּנְקָא , v. אוּנְקָא I, a. עִנְקָא. ↗ expanded

עוּנְקְלָא , v. אוּנְקְלָא ↗ expanded

עוּנְקְתָא = עוּנְקָא (v. אוּנְקָא I) neck. Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ bot. עד כדון עוּנְקְתֵיה … רפיא is this man’s neck loose yet?; ib. ההיא ע׳ דהוות וכ׳ this neck which was loose is now laced (thou art going to be hanged). ↗ expanded

עוֹנֶשׁ punishment, penalty; responsibility. Snh. 89ᵇ כך עוֹנְשׁוֹ וכ׳, v. בַּדּאי; Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXX. Snh. 54ᵇ top, a. fr. ע׳ שמענו אזהרה מנין we learn here the penalty, whence do we learn the prohibition? Yeb. 3ᵇ, v. אַזְהָרָה. Ib. 47ᵃ ומודיעין אותו עוֹנְשָׁן של מצות and we acquaint him (the proselyte) with the penalty attending the neglect of the duties (of an Israelite), v. עָוֹן. Sabb. 87ᵃ בתחלה פירש עוֹנְשָׁהּ וכ׳ first he explained the penalty for trespassing the Law, … and then the reward for observing it. B. Bath. 88ᵇ עוֹנְשָׁן של מדות the responsibility connected with measures (the punishment for giving wrong measures); Yeb. 21ᵃ עונשין (corr. acc.); a. fr. punishable act, sin. Sabb. 115ᵇ גדול ע׳ האחרון וכ׳ the sinfulness of the latter act is greater than &c. B. Kam. 105ᵇ ע׳ ממון (Rashi ע׳ כפירה) the crime of denying an obligation; ע׳ שבועה the crime of false swearing; a. fr.—Pl. עוֹנְשִׁין. Snh. 43ᵇ ע׳ שבגלוי sins committed publicly; a. e. ↗ expanded

עוֹנָתָא (v. עוֹנָה III) [eyes,] rings of a yoke (κρίκος). Targ. Hos. X, 10 (Rashi: עֵינוֹהִי; h. text עינתם, K’ri עונותם). Cmp. עַיִן 2. ↗ expanded

עוֹסְקָן v. עַסְקָן ↗ expanded

עוּף 1 to be bent, doubled; to be wearied. Ḥull. II, 3 ועָף, v. שָׁחַז. Midr. Sam. ch. XXIII, beg. מריב עונית … עָפִים ומתעלפים on account of the multitude of my sins are the righteous in me wearied and faint.—Denom. עוֹף, עָיֵף. ↗ expanded

עוּף ch., v. עִיף ↗ expanded

עוּף 2 to fly. Sabb. 26ᵃ מפני שהוא עָף because it is volatile (explosive). [Sot. 45ᵃ עפו, עף Ar., v. צוּף.] Pol. עוֹפֵף same. Ber. 63ᵃ פרנסתו מְעוֹפֶפֶת לו כעוף his sustenance comes flying to him like a bird. Ḥull. XII, 3 היתה מעופפת if the mother bird was flying about the nest; Tosef. ib. X, 10. Pirké d’R. El. ch. IV ובשתים מְעוֹפְפִים וכ׳ and with two wings they fly, and they sanctify &c.; Yalk. Is. 271; a. e. ↗ expanded

עוּף ² Targ. O. Deut. IV, 17 דפרח דתיעוף ed. Lisb. (ed. only דפרח; דתיעוף being a gloss). ↗ expanded

עוֹף [bend, wing; cmp. כָּנָף,] bird, fowl. B. Kam. 92ᵇ (quoted fr. כתובים) כל ע׳ למינו ישכון ובן אדם לדומה לו (not ובני; Tosaf. ע׳ כנף) every bird nests according to (with) its kind, and man with one like himself; Yalk. Gen. 116; Yalk. Jud. 67. Ḥull. 27ᵇ, a. fr. אין שחיטה לע׳ מן התורה the ritual slaughtering of birds is not indicated in the Torah. Sabb. 130ᵃ, a. e. במקומו … בשר ע׳ בחלב in the native town of R. J. the Galilean they ate poultry prepared with milk; a. v. fr.—Pl. עוֹפוֹת. Ḥull. l. c. Gen. R. s. 67, v. סִכְסֵךְ I; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוֹף ² Targ. Y. Lev. V, 10. Targ. Gen. I, 20; a. fr.—Pl. עוֹפִין, עוֹפַיָּא, עוֹפָן. Targ. Ps. L, 11 Ms. (ed. sing.). Ib. XXIII, 5 ed. Lag. Targ. Y. Gen. XXV, 27. ↗ expanded

*עוֹפָא 2 ‘Ofa, name of a gate of Jerusalem. Targ. Zeph. I, 10 (h. text משנה, v. עוּף I; Kimḥi reads: עָפְלָא, v. עוֹפֶל). ↗ expanded

עופא , Targ. Job XXVIII, 3 some ed., read: סוֹפָא. ↗ expanded

עוֹפֶל [swelling,] pr. n. Ophel, an elevation of the Temple mount (v. II Chr. XXXIII, 14). Y. Taan. III, 67ᵃ top קרן הע׳ the summit of O.; v. אָפֵל II. ↗ expanded

עוֹפֶר עֹפֶר; עפר to be thick, strong; cmp. preced., young animal; trnsf. youth, strong man. Gen. R. s. 14 (play on עפר, Gen. II, 7) ע׳ עולם על מליאתו נברא the conqueror of the world was created in his fulness (completely developed).—Pl. עֳפָרִים. Y’lamd. to Num. XXIII, 10, quot. in Ar. (play on עֲפַר, Num. l. c.) מי מנה ע׳ וכ׳ who will count the youths among them that have reached the age of marriage &c.?; Yalk. Num. 766 כמה ע׳ יש וכ׳ how many are the youths in Israel that study the Law &c.! (Tanna d’bé El. ch. XXI עפר, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עוֹפֶרֶת lead. Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 5; Yalk. Ex. 246. ↗ expanded

עוּץ (cmp. אוּץ) [to press, urge,] to encourage, advise.—Part. עָיֵיץ. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXIV, 14. Targ. II Esth. I, 15; a. e.—Kidd. 80ᵇ ועייץ לו עצות וכ׳ and is likely to give him bad advice. Yeb. 107ᵃ עָיְיצֵי לה וכ׳ her relatives may advise her (put her up to it) and take the property away from me. ↗ expanded

עוּצְבָּא 1 (עֲצַב) grief. Ber. 56ᵃ ולא אהני … מע׳ דלבך thou wilt find no pleasure in eating on account of the grief of thy heart. ↗ expanded

עוּצְבָּא 2 (עָצַב, v. אֲבִרְזִין) fur trimmed (or to be trimmed) of its ends, robe, cover. Kel. XXVI, 7; B. Kam. 66ᵇ Ms. M. (ed. עיצ׳). Ib. ע׳ אינה צריכה קיצוע an ‘utsba requires no trimming (in order to be considered a finished object of use). Zeb. 94ᵃ ע׳ שחשב עליה לקצעה Ms. M. (ed. ליה, corr. acc.) a fur which the owner had intented to trim; Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. IV, 10 עוצבה R. S. to Kel. l. c. (ed. אצבע, corr. acc.); Zeb. l. c. ע׳ דחשיב עלה וכ׳. ↗ expanded

עוֹצָר , v. אוֹצָר a. אָצַר. ↗ expanded

עוּק to circle, round.—Denom. עֲיָק. (cmp. עוּג) to hollow out.—Denom. עוּקָה. to press.—Denom. עָקָה. [. הֵעִיק (b. h.) to press, make a rut (in the ground).] ↗ expanded

עוּק ² (= h. צוּק) to be narrow, pressed.—Perf. עָק; part. עָק, עָיֵיק, (עִיִק) עָיק. Targ. Is. XLIX, 20.—Trnsf. to feel pain, disgust; to be sick of. Targ. Jud. XVI, 16 (h. text קצר). Targ. O. Gen. XXVII, 46 (Y. Ithpe.; h. text קצתי); a. fr.—V. עָיְקָא.—ע׳ ל־ = (h. צר ל־) to be in distress, fear, anxiety. Targ. Ps. XXXI, 10, a. e. עִיק Ms. (ed. עַיִק, עֲיַק noun); v. עֲיָק. Targ. II Sam. XXII, 7 עייקא ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. עָקָא); Targ. Ps. XVIII, 7 עָקָא Ms. (ed. עָיְקָא, עָיְי׳). Targ. O. Deut. IV, 30 יֵעוֹק (ed. Berl. a. Y. תיעוק). Targ. O. Num. XXII, 3 (Y. אתיעקו, v. יְעַק); a. fr.—[Gitt. 78ᵃ עייק, עויק Ar., v. עֲדַק.] Af. אָעִיק to press, trouble, annoy, distress. Targ. Ex. XXIII, 9 (h. text לחץ). Ib. 22 (h. text צרר). Targ. Jud. XVI, 16; a. fr.—Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵇ; Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵃ bot. חד שינא מעיקא לי one tooth annoys me. Gen. R. s. 14 [read:] לא … עקתיה אלא דאתית לאָעָקָא ליה has this man (I) not enough trouble that thou camest to trouble him?; Midr. Till. to Ps. II אלא אף את אתי לאעקא ליה (read: אתית); Yalk. ib. 621 אלא דאת מעיקא ליה (read: מְעִיקַת). Y. Ber. II, 4ᵈ top למחר … ואינון מְעִיקִין לון to-morrow they will be with us, and they trouble us (by treading upon our graves); a. e.—Part. pass. מְעִיק troubled, feeling dread. Targ. Is. VII, 16 (h. text קץ). Targ. I Sam. XXII, 2 (not מָעִיק). Ithpe. אִיתְעָק to be distressed, sick. Targ. Y. Gen. XXVII, 46 (v. supra).—Targ. Job XXXVI, 16 יִתְּעַק, v. תְּעַק.] Ithpa. אִתְעַיֵּיק to be narrowed in. Targ. Job XVIII, 7, v. יְעַק. ↗ expanded

עֲוָק (עוּק h.)rundle of a ladder.—Pl. עֲוָקִים, עֲוָקִין, עֲוָו׳. Tanḥ. Vayetse 2; Pesik. Baḥod., p. 151ᵃ; Lev. R. s. 29, a. e., v. חַוָּוק. Y. B. Bath. III, end, 14ᵇ עד ג׳ ע׳ ככסא (not בכסא) a ladder of three or less rundles is considered a stool; Y. Sabb. III, end, 6ᶜ עד ג׳ ככסא (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עוּקְבָּא 1 , Snh. 96ᵃ Ar., v. עֲקוּבָּה ↗ expanded

עוּקְבָּא 2 ‘Uḳba, ‘Uḳban, (Mar ‘U.), name of several Amoraim and of one Resh Galutha (or two), commonly named Mar‘U. Snh. 31ᵇ. Pes. 115ᵇ רבנא ע׳. M. Kat. 16ᵇ.—Y. Ber. I, 3ᵃ bot. מר ע׳.—Sabb. 56ᵇ עוקבן בר נחמיה וכ׳ ‘U. son of N., the Resh Galutha; a. e.—Erub. 34ᵇ ע׳ בר חמא Ms. M. (ed. בר אבא, corr. acc.). B. Mets. 65ᵃ. Ber. 44ᵃ מר ע׳ בר ח׳ (Ms. F. רב ע׳). Zeb. 55ᵇ רב ע׳ Ms. M. (ed. מר); a. fr.—Y. Erub. I, 18ᵈ bot. רבי ע׳. Y. Ḥag. II, 78ᵇ top ר׳ עוקבה. Y. Meg. I, 71ᵃ top מר ע׳; a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 28; Pesik. Ha‘omer, p. 70ᵇ רב חמא בר ע׳.—V. Fr. M’bo p. 120ᵇ, a. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v. ↗ expanded

עוּקָה (עוּק; cmp. עוּגָה) cavity, trough, pit. Y. Maasr. II, 50ᵃ top והשמן משירד לע׳ oil (is subject to tithes), when it drips down into the trough; Y. B. Mets. VII, beg. 11ᵇ (insert והשמן). Erub. VIII, 9 ע׳ מחזקת וכ׳ a pit (in the court for receiving waste water) containing two S’ah. Ib. 88ᵇ ע׳ מחזיק וכ׳ (masc.). Tosef. ib. IX (VI), 18. Mikv. VI, 1 עוּקַת המערה a pit adjoining a grotto (filled with water); a. v. עוּקַת נפש distress, v. עָקָה a. חֲלוּקָה. ↗ expanded

עוקל , v. עֵקֶל ↗ expanded

עוּקָּמָא (עֲקַם) insidious, tricky. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 5 (h. text עקש). ↗ expanded

עוקמין , Yalk. Jer. 332, v. עִנְקָמוֹן ↗ expanded

עוֹקְמָן (עָקַם) trickster. Gen. R. s. 33, v. כִּמָּנוֹן.—Pl. עוֹקְמָנִים, עוֹקְמָנִין, עַקְ׳. Sifré Deut. 308; Yalk. ib. 942. Y. Yoma VII, 44ᵇ bot. (not עיק׳); Lev. R. s. 10 ע׳ שבלב; Cant. R. to IV, 4. ↗ expanded

עוּקְמָנָא , tricky, trickster. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 5 (h. text עקש, v. עוּקָּמָא). Targ. Ps. CI, 4 (Levita עוקמתא, incorr.).—Pl. עוּקְמָנַיָּא. Targ. Job V, 13. ↗ expanded

עוּקְמָנוּתָא (preced.) trickery, insincerity. Targ. Y. I Deut. VI, 4. Targ. Ps. CXXV, 5. (Ms. עוּקְמַתְ׳).—V. עֲקִימוּתָא. ↗ expanded

עוּקְמְתָא same; v. preced.—[Targ. Ps. CI, 4 Levita, v. עוּקְמָנָא.] ↗ expanded

עוּקְסָא , v. עוּקְצָא ↗ expanded

עוּקָץ (עָקַץ) [tail, end,] (= קוֹץ) thorn, point, prick, sting. Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᵈ top עוּקַץ עקרב Scorpion’s Tail (name of a plant); Y. Ab. Zar. II, 40ᵈ top. Gen. R. s. 12 והע׳ שלו למעלה the pointed stroke of the letter He is directed upwards. Kel. XIII, 5; Sabb. 52ᵇ מחט … עוּקצָהּ a needle whose point is broken off (v. חוֹר I); a. e.—Esp. the peduncle of fruits. Succ. III, 6 נטל עוּקְצוֹ if its (the Ethrog’s) peduncle is off. Ukts. I, 6; a. fr.—Pl. עוּקְצִים, עוּקְצִין. Lev. R. s. 30 תמרה יש בה אוכל ויש בה ע׳ on the palm there is eatable fruit and there are prickles. Ukts. l. c. עוּקְצֵי תאנים the peduncles of figs; a. fr.—‘Uḳtsim, ‘Uktsin, name of a treatise of the Mishnah and Tosefta, of the Order of Toharoth. Hor. 13ᵇ ניתי מר וניתני בע׳ come, sir, lecture on ‘Uktsin. Ib. גלי עֻקְצִים explain ‘U. (= b. h. עָצֶה) [spine,] haunch (with tail). Tam. III, 1. Ib. IV, 3. Ḥull. 93ᵃ; a. e. (= קָצֶה) corner, recess. Y. Dem. V, 24ᶜ bot. בתחלת כל ע׳ וע׳ (not בתחלה) at the beginning of each corner (in which fruits are piled up). ↗ expanded

עוּקְצָא sting, tail, spine. Num. R. s. 20 לא מן דובשיך לא מן עוּקְצִיךְ I want neither thy honey nor thy sting; Midr. Till. to Ps. I, 5 מעוּקְצָךְ … Y. Nâz. IX, 57ᵈ like fish that are fried, רישיה דהן גבי עוּקְצֵיה דהן the head of one by the side of the other’s tail. Ber. 58ᵇ ע׳ דעקרבא (Ar. עקוסא) the prick (tail) of the Scorpio. Erub. 100ᵇ דאית להו ע׳ Ms. M. (ed. דאית ליה עוּקְצֵי; Ar. a. Ms. O. עוקסא) when they (the shoes) have spurs (pegs in the sole); a. e.—Pl. עוּקְצֵי, v. supra. corner, recess.—Pl. as ab. Sabb. 106ᵇ כל היכא דליכא ע׳ ע׳ וכ׳ (Ms. O. אוקסי) a vivarium which is not divided off in recesses is called a small vivarium; Bets. 24ᵃ (Ar. אוקסי עוקסי; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 20). ↗ expanded

עוּר 1 (b. h.) [to be stirred up, v. עָרַר,] to wake (act. a. neut.). [Y. B. Bath. III, 14ᵃ וצריך לעורו, read לעורר, v. infra.]—Part. עֵר; f. עֵרָה; pl. עֵרִים; עֵרוֹת, עֵי׳. B. Kam. II, 5 בין ער בין ישן whether awake or asleep. Nidd. 12ᵃ. Sabb. 55ᵇ; Snh. 82ᵃ (ref. to Mal. II, 12) שלא יהיה לו ער … ועונה וכ׳ he shall have none awakening (teaching) among the teachers and none responding among the scholars. Cant. R. to V, 2 אני ישנה מן המצות ולבי ער לגמילת חסדים I am asleep (negligent) in ceremonies, but my heart is awake for charity; אני ישנה מן הצדקות ולבי ער לעשותן I am asleep (careless) about righteous deeds, but my heart awakens me (stirs me up) to do them; ib. ולבו של הקב"ה ער לגאלני but the heart of the Lord, is awake (anxious) to redeem me; Pesik. Haḥod. p. 46ᵇ; Pesik. R. s. 15 ולבי ער להקב"ה לגאלני but my heart is awake (waiting) for the Lord to redeem me; Yalk. Cant. 988; Tanḥ. ed. Bub., Tol’doth 18. Der. Er. Zuta ch. V לא יהא אדם ער … בין העי׳ one must not be awake among those sleeping, nor asleep among those awake. Nidd. l. c. בין ישנות בין ע׳ whether they are asleep or awake; a. fr. Nif. נֵעוֹר, נֵי׳ to be awake, wake up; to be stirred up, become active. B. Bath. 74ᵇ והוה ר"א ישן ור"י נעור (not ניער) R. E. was asleep, and R. J. awake. Gitt. VIII, 2 (78ᵃ) (נֵי׳) נֵעוֹרָה קוראה וכ׳ when she woke up, she read and found it was her letter of divorce. Ab. III, 4 הנ׳ בלילה he who is awake by night. Sifré Deut. 314 כדי שיעֵוֹרוּ בניו (not שיעירו) that his young brood may wake up; Yalk. ib. 944. Cant. R. to IV, 8 (read:] בתחלה הוא נעור וכ׳ (or נִנְעַר, v. נָעַר II) first he bestirs himself (and proceeds) from the Temple &c.; a. fr.—Ab. Zar. 73ᵃ, a. fr. מצא מין את מינו וניעור kind found its kind and was stirred up, i.e. the two equal elements in the mixture join to become working agents.—V. נָעַר II. Hif. הֵעִיר to wake up; to stir up, instigate. Gen. R. s. 43 מי הוא זה שה׳ לבם של מזרחיים וכ׳ who was he that stirred up the heart of the eastsrn nations that they should come and fall &c.?; Yalk. Is. 311 שה׳ בלבם של אזרחיים (corr. acc.). Ib. ישנים … ומי הֵעִירָן לבא וכ׳ the nations were too indifferent to come under the wings of the Lord, and who waked them up to come under his wings? Snh. 25ᵇ (expl. מפריחי יונים, ib. III, 3) אלו שמְעִירִין וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שממרין) those who stir up the pigeons (on which they bet), v. מָרָה II. Hof. הוּעַר to be stirred up, be removed. Gen. R. s. 85 שה׳ מן העולם, v. עֵר II; Yalk. ib. 145. Polel. עוֹרֵר to wake up. Y. Ber. I, 2ᵈ (ref. to Ps. LVII, 9) דרכן … להיות השחר מְעוֹרְרָן it is usual with kings that the dawn wakes them up; Tanḥ. B’ha‘ăl. 10 דרך השחר מְעוֹרֵר … מעורר וכ׳ usually the dawn wakes the sons of man, but I wake the dawn up. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵈ bot. היודע … הוא יְעוֹרֵר אתכם he that knows your numbers wake you (from death); a. fr.—Y. Ter. V, end, 43ᵈ מעורר את מינו ליאסר stirs up its kind (makes it an agent) to become forbidden, v. supra.—Maas. Sh. V, 15 בטל את המְעוֹרְרִים abolished the wakers; Sot. IX, 10, expl. ib. 48ᵃ; Tosef. ib. XIII, 9 מעוררין אילו הלוים וכ׳ the wakers are the Levites, who … sang, Awake &c. (Ps. XLIV, 24). Lev. R. s. 7, beg. שנאה … היא עוֹרְרָה עליהן דיני דינין hatred … stirred up against them judgment upon judgment; a. fr. to excite to lamentation, arrange a memorial service, engage a travelling wailer. M. Kat. I, 5 לא יְעוֹרֵר וכ׳ one must not arrange a memorial service &c., v. סַפְדָּנָא; ib. 8ᵃ לא יערער, v. עִרְעֵר. to raise an objection; to contest the legality of. Y. B. Bath. III, 14ᵃ (interch. with עָרַר) מכיון שערר … צריך לעוֹרֵר עליו since he contested the right of possession in three successive years, he need no longer contest. Ib. צריך לעורו (corr. acc.); v. עָרַר a. עִרְעֵר. Hithpol. הִתְעוֹרֵר, , Nithpol. נִתְעוֹרֵר to be waked up; to bestir one’s self. Lev. R. l. c. עד שנה שנִתְעוֹרְרָה עליהן וכ׳ up to the year when it (hatred) was stirred up against them &c. Lev. R. s. 9 (ref. to Cant. IV, 16) לכשיִתְעוֹרְרוּ הגליות וכ׳ when the exiled colonies in the north are waked up (to be redeemed), they will come &c.; ib. לכשיִתְעוֹרֵר גוג וכ׳ when Gog bestirs himself (to war) &c. Ib. דבר שהוא ישן ונתע׳ a thing (the daily offering) which was asleep (during the captivity) and has been reawakened (reinstated); a. e. to be lively; to enjoy one’s self. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXLIX הִתְעוֹרְרוּ עלי וכ׳ enjoy yourselves with me at your pleasure. ↗ expanded

עוּר , to stir up, awaken; to awake. Targ. Job XLI, 2 יְעוּרִ׳ (ed. Lag. a. oth. יְעִרִ׳ Af.).—Taan. 4ᵃ עוּרוּ, v. עוּרְפִּילָא.—Part. עָיֵיר, עָיֵר; f. עָיְירָא, עָיְרָא. Targ. Cant. V, 2.—Part. pass. עִיר, pl. עִירִין, עִירֵי awake. Y. Ber. I, 2ᵈ עד כדון ברייתא ע׳ until then (the end of the first night-watch) men are awake. Snh. 29ᵇ ע׳ ושכבי ליהוי וכ׳ shall those awake and those asleep be witnesses against thee (i.e. wouldst thou say so within the hearing of &c.)? Af. אָעִיר, אָעַר to stir up, awaken. Targ. Is. XIV, 9 אֲעִירַת (ed. Lag. אעדת, read אֲעָרַת). Targ. Zech. IV, 1. to wake, watch; to wake up. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 11 (not מֵעִיד); a. e.—Midr. Till. to Ps. XXII (ref. to ib. LVII, 9) אֲעִיר יקרי וכ׳ wake up, my dignity (soul), before the dignity of my Maker (v. infra). Polel. עוֹרֵר to stir up, awaken. Targ. Ps. LXXX, 3. Targ. Y. I Deut. l. c.—Y. Ber. I, 2ᵈ (ref. to Ps. LVII, 9) אנא הוינא מְעוֹרֵר שחרה וכ׳ I am wont to wake up the dawn, the dawn never wakes me up; Pesik. Vayhi, p. 63ᵃ; Pesik. R. s. 17 ושחרה לא עוֹרְרַתְנִי; Midr. Till. l. c.; Lam. R. to II, 18; a. e. Ithpe. אִתְעִיר, , Ittaf. אִתָּעַר to be stirred up; to awake; to bestir one’s self. Targ. Job XIV, 12. Targ. Gen. XLI, 4. Targ. Hab. II, 19; a. e.—Y. Ber. l. c. אִתְעִיר יקרי wake up, my dignity (v. supra); Pesik. l. c. אִיתְּעַר; Pesik. R. l. c.; Lam. R. l. c.; Yalk. Ps. 776 יִתָּעַר יקרי וכ׳ let my dignity wake up. Ber. 4ᵃ לאִתְעוּרֵי משנתיה (Ms. M. לאִתְעוּרֵיה) for the purpose of (his) being waked up from his sleep; Yalk. Ex. 186. Lev. R. s. 12, beg. א׳ משנתיה וכ׳ when he woke up from his sleep, he saw &c.; a. fr.—Koh. R. to I, 8 כיון דא׳ בך חמרא וכ׳ since that wicked man’s ass has been stirred up against thee (as it will be a constant reproach to thee that that man has caused thee to ride on the Sabbath), thou canst no longer stay &c.; [Matt. K.: since that wicked man’s ass has brayed at thee, as if from נער, v. נָעַר I.] ↗ expanded

עוּר 2 (v. next w.) husk, chaff. Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᵈ, v. אוּר II. ↗ expanded

עוֹר skin, hide. Bets. I, 5, v. דּוֹרְסָן. Kel. XXVI, 5 (6), v. חַמָּר II. Ib. ע׳ הרופא the surgeon’s leather apron; ע׳ העריסה the leather sheet in the cradle; a. v. fr.—Pl. עוֹרוֹת. Ib. 8 ע׳ בעל הבית the skins in the possession of a private man, opp. של עבדן, v. עַבְּדָן. Ab. Zar. II, 3, v. לָבַב; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

עִוֵּר 1 [white, blank,] blind. Bekh. 44ᵃ (ref. to Lev. XXI, 18) ע׳ בין סומא וכ׳ ‘ivver means both blind of one eye as well as of both; a. e.—B. Mets. V, 11, a. fr. משום ולפני ע׳ וכ׳ it comes under the category of the law (Lev. XIX, 14), ‘place no stumbling block before the blind’ (cause no man to sin).—Pl. עִוְּרִים. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXLVI, 8 ומי הן הע׳ הדורות … כע׳ who are the blind? These latter generations that walk in the Law like blind men; a. e.—[Usually סוּמָא].—Denom. ↗ expanded

עִוֵּר 2 (b. h.) to blind; to cause perversion of judgment. Sifré Deut. 144 (ref. to Deut. XVI, 19) כי השוחד יְעַוֵּר שאומר על וכ׳ ‘bribe blindeth’, that means, that (in old age) he will declare unclean what is clean &c.; Yalk. ib. 907; Keth. 105ᵃ (v. Peah VIII, 9); Mekh. Mishp., s. 20 (ref. to Ex. XXIII, 8) יעור עיני חכמים בתורה blinds the judgment of scholars of the Law. Nithpa. נִתְעַוֵּר to be blinded. Tanḥ. Aḥăré 1 נִתְעַוִּרוּ עיניו his eyes were put out. ↗ expanded

עַוֵּר Targ. II Kings XXV, 7. Targ. O. Ex. XXIII, 8 מְעַוֵּר (ed. Berl. מְעַוַר); a. e. Ithpa. אִתְעַוֵּר to get blind. Sabb. 77ᵇ מִתְעַוְּרָא would get blind. ↗ expanded

עוֹרֵב raven, crow. Ḥull. 65ᵃ, a. e. אצל ע׳, v. זַרְזִיר II. Ib. 63ᵃ ע׳ אוכמא the black ‘oreb (raven); ע׳ העמקי חיוורא the ‘oreb of the valley, the white spotted ‘oreb; ע׳ הבא בראשי יונים the ‘oreb (crow) that moves in advance of the doves. Snh. 108ᵇ תשובה … ע׳ לנח the raven brought a convincing argument against Noah; Yalk. Gen. 58; ib. ע׳ רק the raven was punished inasmuch as he spits (semen from his mouth, Rashi). Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXIII. Tosef. Sabb. VI (VII), 6; Sabb. 67ᵇ (v. עוֹרַבְתָּא); a. fr.—Pl. עוֹרְבִים. Ḥull. 5ᵃ (ref. to I Kings XVII, 6) ע׳ ממש ravens in the true sense; דילמא … שמייהו ע׳ might it not mean two men by the family name of ‘Oreb (as Jud. VII, 25); Gen. R. s. 33; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוּרְבָּא Targ. Gen. VIII, 7 (ed. Vien. O. עָרְבָּא); a. e.—Bets. 21ᵃ; Ḥull. 124ᵇ א"ל ע׳ פרח said he to him, a raven flew by (an evasive answer). Gen. R. s. 65 (ref. to Gen. XXVII, 20) (Jacob through his pious speech came near frustrating his device) לע׳ דאייתי וכ׳ like a raven that carries fire to his nest (to warm his brood). Keth. 49ᵇ ע׳ בעי בניה וכ׳ the raven wants (and cares for his) children, and this man wants none; a. e.—Pl. עוֹרְבִין, עוֹרְבַיָּא, עוֹרְבֵי. Targ. Is. XXXIV, 11. Targ. I Kings XVII, 4; 6.—Ber. 56ᵇ חזאי ע׳ וכ׳ I saw in my dream ravens which flew around my bed. ↗ expanded

עוֹרְבִי an inhabitant of a place called ‘Oreb (v. עַרְבוּ).—Pl. עוֹרְבִים, עוֹרְבִיִּים. Ḥull. 5ᵃ (ref. to הָעֹרְבִים, I Kings XVII, 6) ודילמא על שם מקומן might it not have been men called ‘Or’bim after their place? אם כן עורביים מיבעי ליה if it were so, it ought to read ‘Or’biyim. ↗ expanded

עוֹרַבְתָּא (v. עוֹרְבָא) she-raven. Sabb. 67ᵇ (in Hebr. dict.) האומר לעורב … ולע׳ וכ׳ if one says to a raven, croak, and to a she-raven, shriek and turn thy tail towards me (a superstitious practice); differ. in Tosef. ib. VI (VII), 6. ↗ expanded

עוֹרַבְתִּי Be-‘Orabti, name of a family. Kidd. 70ᵇ ↗ expanded

עוּרְדְּעָן frog. Gen. R. s. 10 חמי חד ע׳ וכ׳ saw a frog carry a scorpion &c.; Yalk. Koh. 972; (Koh. R. to V, 8; Lev. R. s. 22, v. אוּרְיְּעָה).—Pl. עוּרְדְּעָנַיָּא. Targ. Ex. VII, 27, sq. (ed. Vien. O. עֻרְ׳); a. e. f. a disease of the tongue (rana). Y. Ab. Zar. II, 40ᵈ top, v. אוּרְדַּעְנָה. ↗ expanded

עִוָּרוֹן blindness. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXLVI אין צער גדול … כעִוְּרוֹן עינים there is no trouble so great … as blindness. ↗ expanded

עוּרְזִילָא , v. אוּרְזִילָא ↗ expanded

עוּרְלָא = h. עָרְלָה, prepuce. Targ. Gen. XXXIV, 14 (O. ed. Berl. עוּרְלָה). Ib. XVII, 11; a. fr.—Ab. Zar. 10ᵇ עוּרְלְתֵיה (v. vers. of Ms. M., Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). Erub. 19ᵃ עָרְלְתֵיה Ms. M. (ed. ערלתו, h. form); a. e.—Pl. עוּרְלָתָא, עָרְ׳. Targ. Josh. V, 3 עוּרְ׳ ed. Lag. (oth. ed. עָרְ׳, עַרְ׳). Targ. I Sam. XVIII, 25 עָרְלַת constr. (ed. Lag. עורלות, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עוֹרְלָה , v. עָרְלָה.—עוּרְלָה, v. preced. ↗ expanded

עוּרְמָא (עֲרַם) heap, pile.—Pl. עוּרְמָן. Targ. Y. Ex. XV, 8, v. עְרֵימָה. ↗ expanded

עוֹרֶף hind part of the head with the neck, neck. Ḥull. I, 4 השוחט מן הע׳ if one cuts the animal from the neck (frontward); ib. 19ᵇ מאי ע׳ what is meant by עורף? אילימא ע׳ ממש shall I say, the real ‘oref (occiput)? Ib. מול הרואה את הע׳, v. מוּל I. Ib. (ref. to Jer. II, 27) מכלל דע׳ להדי פנים from this we conclude that ‘oref is the part opposite the face. Ab. Zar. 25ᵃ (ref. to Gen. XLIX, 8) איזוהי מלחמה שצריכה יד כנגד ע׳ וכ׳ what kind of warfare requires the hand against (opposite) the neck? The bow; a. fr.—B. Bath. 25ᵃ (ref. to Deut. XXXII, 2 יערף) זו … שבאה מעוֹרְפּוֹ של עולם that is (the rain coming with) the western wind which comes from the hinder part (cmp. אחור, Is. IX, 11) of the world; Sifré Deut. 306 שהוא עָרְפּוֹ של עולם. Ib. Num. 126; Yalk. ib. 762, v. פָּתִיל. separation, division. Ḥag. 15ᵃ in the heavens above there is לא ישיבה … ולא ע׳ ולא עיפוי no sitting down (for deliberation), no conflict, no division and no junction (Maim. to Snh. ch. X; Rashi: no back, i.e. everything is in sight, nor weariness). ↗ expanded

עוּרְפִּילָא (dimin. of ערף, v. Deut. XXXII, 2; XXXIII, 28; v. עָרַף) fine rain, drizzle. Taan. 4ᵃ top ע׳ אפילו וכ׳ (Ms. M. ער׳) the drizzling rain is good even for the seeds under a hard clod. Ib. (phonetic etym.) מאי ע׳ עורו פילי wake up, ye cracks (of the soil). ↗ expanded

עורקומא , v. next w. ↗ expanded

עוּרְקָמָא (ערקם, Parel of עקם) knee (cmp. בְּרֵכָה), ע׳ דמיא a pool. Yoma 78ᵃ עור׳ (Ms. M. 2 ערקו׳; ed. once עורקומא). Meg. 28ᵇ (Ms. O. ערקו׳); Kidd. 71ᵇ hough of an animal’s hindleg. Ḥull. 76ᵃ ערקו׳.—Cmp. עַרְקוּב. ↗ expanded

עוּרְרָה , v. עִירְרָה ↗ expanded

עוּשׁ (cmp. חוּשׁ) to take care, come to help. B. Bath. 9ᵃ עוּשׁוּ אהדדי Ms. M. (ed. בהדי הדדי) take care of one another. ↗ expanded

עושינא , Targ. Ps. XXX, 8 ed. Lag., v. עַשִּׁין ↗ expanded

עוּשְׁנָא , v. עָשְׁנָא ↗ expanded

עוֹשֶׁף (cmp. חסף, a. b. h. חָשַׂף) the curved blade of a double-edged axe, that part which is used for paring or chipping, adze, contrad. to בית בקּיע that part which is used for splitting, v. בִּיקּוּעַ. Kel. XIII, 3 עוֹשְׁפֹּו (Ar. עָשְׁפּוֹ; R. S. a. l. reads: אָשְׁפֹּו). Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. I, 3 קרדום … ועשפו מן הטהור (ed. Zuck. ועשהו, R. S. to Kel. XI, 4 ועשאו, corr. acc.) an axe which one made of unclean material, but the adze-shaped part of it is of clean material. ↗ expanded

עוּשְׁפָּא , adze. Targ. I Sam. XIII, 20 (h. text מחְרֵשָׁה).—Pl. עוּשְׁפַּיָּא. Ib. 21. ↗ expanded

עוֹשֶׁק withholding what is due to one’s neighbor, oppression. Sifra K’dosh., ch. III, Par. 2 (ref. to Lev. XIX, 13) אף ע׳ דבר של ממון ‘osheḳ likewise (like גזל) refers to money matters (not to personal injury). B. Mets. 111ᵃ (interch. with עשק) לך ושוב … זהו ע׳ וכ׳ saying, go and come again (for thy wages &c.), that is ‘osheḳ; I have what is due to thee, but I will not give it thee, that is gazel (robbery). Ib. איזהו ע׳ שחייבה וכ׳ what withholding is it for which the Law requires a sacrifice (Lev. V, 21 sq.)? דכפר ליה ממונא when one denies owing money. Ib. זהו ע׳ זהו גזל ‘osheḳ and gazel are the same; Yalk. Lev. 605. B. Mets. 48ᵃ יחד לו כלי לעשקו he assigned to him an object (as security) for the wages withheld from him; Yalk. Lev. 479 לעושקו; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עוּשְׁקָא Targ. O. Lev. V, 23. Targ. Is. LIV, 14; a. fr.—Targ. II Esth. III, 8 מזבנין בע׳ they sell with oppression, i.e. overreach (cmp. הוֹנָאָה), opp. בשויאו at value.—Pl. עוּשְׁקַיָּא. Targ. Prov. XXVIII, 16 עוּשְׁקוֹי (ed. Wil. עוֹ׳). ↗ expanded

עוֹשֶׁר plenty, wealth, riches. Ab. IV, 9, v. עִוֹנִי. B. Bath. 9ᵇ בעלי ע׳ wealthy men; a. e.—Gen. R. s. 63 (play on ויעתר, Gen. XXV, 21; cmp. עוּתְרָא) שפך תפלות בע׳ he poured out prayers plentifully; Yalk. ib. 110 כעתר (corr. acc., or בְּעֶתֶר, a Hebr. adapt. of עוֹתַר). ↗ expanded

עוּת (v. אוֹת I), Nif. נֵעוֹת to be gratified, enjoy. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ top, a. e. Samuel reads יֵעוֹתוּ (with ref. to לָעוּת, Is. L, 4). ↗ expanded

*עוּת Pa. עַיֵּית (preced.) to make suitable, adjust. Lam. R. to III, 9 Ar., v. צְמַד. ↗ expanded

עות , pr. n. m., v. עַזָּת ↗ expanded

עָוַת v. עָוָה) to be curved, crooked. Pi. עִוֵּת, עִיֵּות to pervert, wrest; to corrupt. Num. R. s. 10 מתוך כך … ומְעַוְּותִין את הדין in consequence (of drinking) they cause the Law to be forgotten, and they pervert judgment. Nidd. 10ᵇ אין בודקות … מפני שמְעַוְּותוֹת אותן (not בודקין) they (the women) must not examine them (the young girls) with the fingers, because they may corrupt them (teach them unnatural gratification; Rashi: they may wound them).—Koh. R. to I, 15 (ref. to מעות ib.) אם אין אדם מְעַוֵּות עצמו מדברי תורה וכ׳ as long as a person (though doing wrong) does not pervert himself through wilful misinterpretation of the Law, there is a remedy for him; משאדם מעוות וכ׳ but as soon as a person perverts himself &c.; a. fr.—Nidd. 12ᵇ (adapting Koh. l. c.) הן עִוְּתוּהָ הן תקנוה they make her crooked (the evidence on the cloths will make her unfit for marital intercourse), and they make her straight (if the evidence is favorable). to offend, excite displeasure; wound the feelings of. Snh. 97ᵃ יְעַיֵּת; Der. Er. Zut. ch. X יְעַוֵּות shall be offensive, v. אָמַר II. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIX, 78 אע"פ … מְעַוְּתִים אותי וכ׳ although the wicked insult me, I do not abandon the Law. to render offensive, loathsome. Sifré Deut. 1; Yalk. ib. 792 למה אתה מְעַוֵּות עלינו וכ׳ why dost thou make the Scriptures loathsome to us (by absurd interpretations)?—Part. pass. מְעֻוָּת, מְעוּוָּת; f. מְעוֶּוּתֶת; pl. מְעוּוָּתִים, מְעוּוָּתִין; מְעִוּוָּתוֹת, מְעֻוָּ׳ crooked, perverted, perverse. Koh. R. l. c. בעולם הזה מי שהוא מע׳ וכ׳ in this world, he who is crooked may be straightened again (a sinner may amend his ways) &c. Ex. R. s. 2, beg. (ref. to עלילות, Ps. CIII, 7, in contrast to Deut. XXII, 14) [read:] בשר ודם עלילותיו מע׳ וכ׳ the ʿăliloth (machinations) of man are perverse …, but the ʿăliloth (dispositions) of the Lord are merciful; a. e. Nithpa. נִתְעַוֵּות to be curved, wrested; to be perverted; to deteriorate. Koh. R. l. c. אין קורין מעוות … ונ׳ we do not call a thing perverted, unless it was at a time straight (right), and it became curved. Ib. משנִתְעַיְּותוּ המים וכ׳ when the waters dating from creation became deteriorated. Sot. 41ᵇ נִתְעַוְּותוּ הדינין (or הדַּיָּנִין, v. Rashi a. l.) the courts became depraved. Ib. 47ᵇ נתעוותו הדינין justice became corrupt; (Tosef. ib. XIV, 3 נתקלקל הדין). ↗ expanded

עֲוַת Pa. עַוֵּית, עַוֵּות to offend, oppress. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 78. Targ. II Esth. I, 1 מלכא מְעַוְּותָא a tyrannous king. to do a thing wrong. Ber. 14ᵇ שלוחא הוא דע׳ the servant did the wrong thing. Keth. 85ᵃ, a. fr. לתקוני שדרתיך ולא לעַוּוּתֵי I deputed thee to do the right thing (to benefit me), but not to do it wrong (impair my cause); Ned. 36ᵃ ↗ expanded

עַוְתָא (עֲוֵי, v. עָאֲתָא) crookedness, perverseness, wrong. Targ. Prov. IV, 24 Ms. (ed. Lag. עתא; ed. Wil. עאתא). Ib. X, 29; a. e. pr. n. pl. Avtha (Wrong). Targ. Y. II, Gen. XIV, 15 (h. text חוֹבָה). ↗ expanded

עַוְתָא ² (עֲוַת) perverse person. Targ. Prov. III, 32 (h. text נלוז). ↗ expanded

עוּתֵּיק (v. עַתִּיק) old (wine); שתי ע׳ drank old wine, i.e. has clear eye-sight. Y. Nidd. II, end, 50ᵇ ר"ה שתי ע׳ R. Ḥ. is an expert in examining colors; ר"י לא שתי ע׳ is R. J. no expert? ר"ה שתי ע׳ דע׳ R. Ḥ. is a great expert. ↗ expanded

עַוְתָנַאי K’far Avthanai, in Galilee. Gitt. I, 5; Tosef. ib. I, 4. Ib. VII (V), 9; Y. B. Mets. VII, end, 11ᶜ ↗ expanded

עוּתֵּק , v. עוּתֵּיק ↗ expanded

עוּתִקָא (preced.) old age. B. Bath. 91ᵇ לכל מילי ע׳ מעלי וכ׳ Ms. H. (Ms. M. לכל מילי מעלי עתיקא; ed. כל מילי עתיקא מעליא) for all things age is an advantage, except &c. ↗ expanded

עוֹתַר (עֲתַר) = h. עוֹשֶׁר, wealth, plenty. Targ. I Sam. XVII, 25. Targ. Prov. XXII, 1; a. fr.—M. Kat. 28ᵃ עוּתְרֵיה דרב וכ׳ R. Ḥisda’s fortune; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַז strong, firm; vehement, rough; (of colors) bright, intense; (of smell and taste) pungent, acrid. Yoma 67ᵇ (expl. עזאזל) שיהא עז וקשה the mountain must be rough and hard (rocky). Yalk. Ps. 852 (ref. to Ps. XCIX, 4) you will find, מי שהוא עז וכ׳ he who is powerful does not care to abide by the law; Midr. Till. to Ps. l. c. ed. Bub. עוז (corr. acc.). Ab. V, 20 הוי עז כנמר וכ׳ be strong (energetic) like a tiger … to do the will of thy Father in heaven; a. fr.—עז פנים insolent, impudent. Ab. l. c.; a. e.—Fem. עַזָּה. Neg. I, 1, a. fr., v. בַּהֶרֶת. Ker. 6ᵃ כדי שתהא ע׳ that it may have a pungent flavor.—Pl. עַזִּים, עַזִּין; עַזּוֹת. Bets. 25ᵇ מפני מה … מפניּ שהם ע׳ why was the Law given to Israel? Because they are impetuous (and the Law was to discipline them). Ib. שלשה ע׳ הן וכ׳ three (creatures) are of a vehement temper, Israel among the nations, the dog among the beasts &c.; a. fr.—Sabb. 30ᵇ; Ber. 16ᵇ עַזֵּי פנים insolent people, v. עַזּוּת. Taan. 7ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֹז , v. עוֹז ↗ expanded

עֵז c. (b. h.; goat. Bets. 25ᵇ אף עז וכ׳ (among the aggressive creatures, v. עַז) also the goat among the small cattle. Bekh. III, 1 עז בת שנתה וכ׳ that born of a goat in her first year belongs surely to the priest (as first-born); a. fr.—Pl. עִזִּים. Ḥull. 113ᵇ; a. fr.—V. עִיזָּה. ↗ expanded

עֵז ² ch., v. עִיז ↗ expanded

עֻזָּא , v. עוּזָּא ↗ expanded

עַזַּאי ʿAzzai; שמעון בן ע׳, or בן ע׳ (Simon) Ben Azzai, a Tannai, disciple and colleague of R. ʿĂḳiba. Y. Shek. III, beg. 47ᵇ; Y. B. Bath. IX, end, 17ᵇ; Bab. B. Bath. 158ᵇ, a. e., v. חָבֵר. Ab. IV, 2. Tosef. Maas. Sh. II, 5. Sot. IX, 15. Yeb. 63ᵇ; a. fr.—V. Fr. Darkhé, p. 135 sq. ↗ expanded

עֲזָאֵל ʿĂzael, name of a fallen angel. Targ. Y. Gen. VI, 4 עוּזִּיאֵל.—Yoma 67ᵇ, a. e., v. עוּזָּא II. ↗ expanded

עֲזָאזֵל (b. h.) Azazel, (Fort,), a rough and rocky mountain. Yoma 67ᵇ ע׳ קשה שבהרים Az. means the hardest of the mountains. Ib. ע׳ עז וקשה, v. עַז; a. e. ↗ expanded

עָזַב (b. h.) [to cut off,] to relieve an animal broken down under its load (v. פָּרַק), help to unload. Mekh. Mishp. s. 20 (ref. to Ex. XXIII, 5) פעמים שאתה חדל ופעמים שאתה עוֹזֵב at times you may abstain, at times you must help. Ib. פריקה מנין ת"ל עָזוֹב וכ׳ whence do we derive the duty of unloading? It says (Ex. l. c.), thou must release with him; B. Mets. 32ᵃ. Tanḥ. Mishp. 1 עֲזוֹב קימעה מכאן וכ׳ loosen (the load) here a little, raise there &c. to leave, abandon. Sot. 12ᵃ; Ex. R. s. 1 (ref. to עזובה, I Chr. II, 18) עזובה … שהכל עֲזָבוּהָ Azubah is Miriam … for all (young men) left her alone (ignored her on account of her sickliness). Midr. Till. to Ps. X וציון אמרה עֶזָבַנִי וכ׳ and Zion said, he has forsaken and forgotten me. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCII מי שמורה … ועוֹזֵב וכ׳ he who confesses his sins and forsakes (them, Prov. XXVIII, 13); a. fr. Hif. הֶעֶזִיב to untie, release; to effect a divorce. Gitt. 32ᵇ גט זה … לא יַעֲזִיב this letter shall have no effect, shall not untie, shall not release, contrad. to אינו מַעֲזִיב does not release, v. יָעַל. Pi. עִיזֵּב to make worth abandoning, make abominable. Yalk. Hos. 527 (ref. to Is. I, 4) אל תיקרי עזבו אלא עִיזְּבוּ read not, ‘they have forsaken’, but, ‘they have made (me) worth abandoning (caused me to be cruel); Tanḥ. B’huck. 2 עוזבו אתי (read עיזבו אותי). Pesik. R. s. 31 (ref. to עזבני, Is. XLIX, 14) עִיזְּבַנִי he has made me contemptible. Nif. נֶעֱזָב to be forsaken. Lev. R. s. 35 (ref. to Ps. XXXVII, 25) נ׳ מיראתו וכ׳ forsaken of his fear of the Lord. Hithpa. הִתְעַזֵּב to be abandoned, neglected, hated. Gen. R. s. 45 ומִתְעַזֶּבֶת, v. כָּעַר; Cant. R. to II, 14 ומתעבת, ed. Wil. מתעובת (corr. acc., or read: מְתוֹעֶבֶת, v. תָּעַב). Pesik. R. l. c. והיו … ומִתְעַזְּבוֹת בפניהם and they became abominable and hateful in their sight. ↗ expanded

עֲזַב , to forsake.—Part. pass. עָזֵיב. Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵃ מצורע ע׳ ‘leper’ (II Sam. III, 29) means abandoned (lonely).—V. שְׁזֵיב. ↗ expanded

עִזְגַּד = אִיזְגַּד. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXI, 4 (some ed. אַ׳). Ib. XLIX, 21. Targ. Y. Num. XIII, 4, sq., a. e.—Pl. עִזְגַּדַּיָּא, עִזְגַּדִּין, עַ׳. Ib. XXI, 21. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXII, 7 (ed. Vien. א׳); a. e. ↗ expanded

עַזָּה 1 f., v. עַז ↗ expanded

עַזָּה 2 (b. h.) pr. n. pl. Gaza, one of the chief cities of the Philistines. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᵈ top יריד ע׳; Bab. Ab. Zar. 11ᵇ, v. עַטְלֵיז. Tosef. Neg. VI, 1; Snh. 71ᵃ תחום ע׳ the district of Gaza. Num. R. s. 9, a. e., v. קִילְקוּל; Tosef. Sot. III, 15 עַזָּתָה. ↗ expanded

עִזָּה , v. עִיזָּה ↗ expanded

עֻזָּה , v. עוּזָּה ↗ expanded

עֲזוּבָה (b. h.) pr. n. f. Azubah. Sot. 12ᵃ, a. e., v. עָזַב.—[Ned. 22ᵃ Ar., v. עֲזִיבָה]. ↗ expanded

עִזּוּז majestic. Ber. 33ᵇ; Midr. Till. to Ps. XIX. ↗ expanded

עַזּוּת (v. עַז) with פנים or מצח, insolence, effrontery. Kidd. 70ᵇ כל כהן שיש לו ע׳ פ׳ וכ׳ (not בו) any priest that is insolent is surely one of them (the slaves of Pashḥur). Ib. אם ראית כהן בע׳ מ׳ וכ׳ if thou seest an insolent priest, do not criticise him, for it is said (Hos. IV, 4) &c. Sabb. 30ᵇ; Ber. 16ᵇ שתצילנו מעזי פנים ומע׳ פ׳ save us from contact with insolent men and from being insolent; (Rashi: from giving reason for the imputation of spurious descent, a sign of which is insolence). Taan. 7ᵇ כל אדם שיש לו ע׳ פ׳ (Ms. M. עזות only), v. supra. Kidd. 49ᵇ עשרה קבים ע׳ וכ׳ ten measures of insolence have come down into the world, nine of them Meshan took &c.; a. e. harshness. Deut. R. s. 2 ענה אותו ע׳ gave him a harsh answer. ↗ expanded

עָזַז , s. v. חֲזָזִית) [to sting, be pointed, flinty;] to be hard, strong, v. עַז. Hif. הֵעֵז (of color) (of color) to be bright, intense. Sifra Thazr., Neg., Par. 2, ch. II, v. כָּהָה. ה׳ פנים to set one’s face against; to dare, be insolent. B. Bath. 131ᵃ והֵעַזְתִּי פני, v. יַלְדּוּת. Ber. 62ᵃ עד כאן הֵעַזְתָּ פניך ברבך hast thou dared so much against thy teacher (as to enter into his private rooms)? Zeb. 102ᵃ הָעֵיז פניך בו defy him to strengthen, encourage. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXVIII, 7 תָּעֵיזּוּ לבבכם (or תָּעִיזוּ, fr. עוּז) strengthen your hearts, take courage. Hithpa. הִתְעַזֵּז to become strong; to be daring, defiant. Midr. Till. to IX, 20 (ref. to יָעֹז, ib.) אל יִתְעַזְּזוּן במלכותן ואל יתעזזון בשלותן let them not be defiant on account of their royal power, or on account of their prosperity; (ed. Bub., Chald. לא יתע׳ במלכותיהן ובלישניהון let them not be daring with their power or their tongues); Yalk. Ps. 645. ↗ expanded

עֲזַז Ithpa. אִתְעַזַּז same, v. preced. ↗ expanded

עֲזָזֵיל m. ch. = עֲזָאזֵל. Targ. O. Lev. XVI, 8; 10 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. a. Y. עֲזָאזֵל). ↗ expanded

עֻזְיָא , v. עוּזְיָא ↗ expanded

עֻזִּיָּה , v. עוּזִּיָּה ↗ expanded

עֲזִיבָה (עָזַב) abandoning, giving up, renouncing (in favor of the poor, Lev. XIX, 10). Ḥull. 131ᵇ וכולן … מ"ט ע׳ כתיב בהו and from all of them the owner must not derive the benefit of putting a person under obligation (v. טוֹבָה), because ‘abandoning’ (עזב) is written about them (Lev. l. c.). Y. Peah IV, end, 19ᵃ שהן בע׳ they must be abandoned. Ib. V, beg. 19ᵇ (ref. to תעזב אתם, Lev. l. c.) יש לך ע׳ אחרת כזו (it intimates that) there is another abandonment like this (renouncing one’s property in favor of the poor, v. הֶפְקֵר). Y. Ned. XI, 42ᶜ bot. מעשר עני ניתן בזכייה ואלו בע׳ the tithe of the poor is given to the poor by way of a transfer (to a certain person), but these (gifts) are abandoned (the owner having no right of disposal). forsaking. Lam. R. to V, 20 ארבעה דברים … מאיסה וגעילה ע׳ ושכיחה Jeremiah used four expressions: rejection, loathing, forsaking, and forgetting. Gen. R. s. 69 (ref. to Gen. XXVIII, 15) אין ע׳ אלא פרנסה forsaking refers to sustenance (with ref. to Ps. XXXVII, 25); Lev. R. s. 35; a. e. shunning, unworthiness. Ned. 22ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) מלין דע׳ things which must be shunned (indecencies); (Ar. מלין דעֲזוּבָה things worthy of an abandoned woman). ↗ expanded

עַזִּיז (עֲזַז) strong, intense. Snh. 7ᵃ, v. סַפְסֵירָא.—Pl. עַזִּיזִין, עֲזִ׳; constr. עֲזִיזֵי. Targ. Is. VII, 18. ↗ expanded

עַזִּיזָא 2 (preced.) sting, insult. Targ. Prov. XV, 1 (h. text עצב). ↗ expanded

עֲזִיזוּתָא (preced.) hardihood; עֲזִיזוּת לבא obduracy. Lam. R. to III, 65 (expl. מגנת לב ib.). ↗ expanded

עֲזֵיל , v. עֲזַל ↗ expanded

עֲזִיל (עֲזַל) yarn, web. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ דיזבון ליה ע׳ קטן מן וכ׳ that he should buy him some small web at the fair of the Saturnalia of Beshan. Y. B. Mets. II, beg. 8ᵇ, v. מִקְטוֹרָא. ↗ expanded

עֲזֵיקָה , v. עֲזֵקָה ↗ expanded

עֲזַל (v. אֲזַל II, a. זוּל II) to wind the yarn; to spin. Targ. Ex. XXXV, 25 (O. ed. Vien. מְעַזְּלָא Pa.). Targ. II Chr. IX, 15; a. e.—Part. pass. עָזִיל, עֲזִיל. Targ. Ex. l. c. (Ms. מְעַזֵּיל, read: מְעַזַּל, part. pass. Pa.). Targ. Y. Deut. XXII, 11.—Koh. R. to VII, 9, v. מַעֲזֵילָא. ↗ expanded

עִזְלָא (preced.) web. Targ. Ps. LVII, 3.—V. אִיזְלָא. ↗ expanded

עֲזַם , v. חֲזַם ↗ expanded

עָזַק Pi.; cmp. חָזַק) [to press,] to break clods and level the ground; to break ground; to till. Men. 85ᵇ היה עוֹזֵק תחת זיתיו (cmp. בָּלַשׁ; Yalk. Deut. 962 עוסק; Yalk. Prov. 950 מוסק) was hacking and levelling the ground under his olive trees. Ohol. XVIII, 5 העוזק בית הפרס he who breaks a field suspected of containing human bones (v. פְּרָס). Tosef. ib. XVII, 9 עֲזָקוֹ אין לך בדיקה וכ׳ if he broke the ground, there is no better way of examining than this. Y. R. Hash. II, 58ᵃ top (ref. to בית יעזק, v. יַעְזֵק) ששם היו עוֹזְקִין את ההלכה for there they cultivated (levelled) the law; a. e. to hold fast. Ḥull. 94ᵃ עוזק אחת בפיו וכ׳ holding one piece in his mouth and two in his hands. ↗ expanded

עֲזָק (preced.) compress, v. עֲדָק II. v. עֲזֵקָה ↗ expanded

עִזְקָא (preced. wds.) fetter, handcuff.—Pl. עִזְקַיָּא, עִי׳. Targ. Jer. XL, 1 (h. text אזקים). ↗ expanded

עִזְקָא ² (preced.; cmp. חִיזְקָא) clasp, ring, signet-ring. Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 11 (O. ed. Vien. עִזְקָן pl.). Targ. O. Gen. XXXVIII, 18; a. fr.—Gitt. 68ᵃ ע׳ דחקיק עלה שם a ring on which the divine name was engraven; Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXVIII, 45. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44ᵃ top חד ע׳ צר a ring on which was a figure (Bub. ib. 43ᵃ טבעת ועליה צורת דרקין); a. fr.—[Lev. R. s. 13 כעזקתא סומקתא, read: כעַרְקְתָא.]—Trnsf. (v. טַבַּעַת) anus, end of the rectum. Koh. R., to VII, 19; Yalk. ib. 976.—Pl. עִזְקיָּא, עִיזְ׳; עִזְקָתָא, עִזְקָן; עִי׳. Targ. Ex. XXV, 12; 14; a. fr.—Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵇ bot. (expl. וטבעת Num. XXXI, 50). ↗ expanded

עֲזֵקָה (עָזַק 1) a newly broken field. Tosef. Dem. V, 2 (a gentile vender praising his goods) פירות ע׳ הם ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. עֲזָק) they are fruits of a new land (in which case they would be forbidden as ʿOrlah); Yeb. 122ᵃ ↗ expanded

עִזְקִתָא , v. עִזְקָא II ↗ expanded

עָזַר [to surround,] to help, protect. Yalk. Num. 759 (play on אל אלעזר, Num. XIX, 3) אל אל עוֹזֵר (give her, i.e. Rome, over) to the helping God (omitted in Pesik. Par., p. 41ᵃ; Pesik. R. s. 14). Yeb. 63ᵃ (ref. to Gen. II, 20) זכה עוֹזַרְתּוֹ וכ׳ if he deserves well, she is a help to him &c., v. next w.—Midr. Till. to Ps. CXXI אתם יודעים מי עוזר אתכם עושה וכ׳ do you know who is your helper? The maker of heaven and earth. Gen. R. s. 44 (ref. to Gen. XV, 2 דמשק אליעזר) שבשבילו רדפתי מלכים עד דמשק וַיְעַזְרֵנִי האל for his (Lot’s) sake I pursued the kings as far as Damascus, and God helped me; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֵזֶר preced.) help; trnsf. (after Gen. II, 20) helpmate. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XII ועשאה ע׳ וכ׳ (not ועשתה) and he made her a help and placed her opposite him. Ib. משבנה לו ע׳ אשה when he had built for him a helpmate named ishshah. Ib. אם זכה תהיה לו ע׳ וכ׳ if he deserves well, she will be to him a help, if not, an opposition; Gen. R. s. 17, a. e., v. נֶגֶד. Yalk. Gen. 62 לאדם ולעֶזְרוֹ for Adam and his wife; Pirké d’R. El. ch. XX. Ib. ch. XXI אדם ועוזרו (corr. acc.); a. e. ↗ expanded

עֶזְרָא (b. h.) pr. n. m. Ezra, 1) the priest and scribe. the priest and scribe. Succ. 20ᵃ כשנשתכחה … עלה ע׳ מבבל ויסדה when the Law was forgotten in Israel, Ezra came from Babylonia and re-established it. Ber. 27ᵇ; Men. 53ᵃ עשירי לע׳ a descendant of Ezra in the tenth generation. Meg. 15ᵃ מלאכי זה ע׳ Malachi is Ezra; a. v. fr.—(ספר) ע׳ the Book of Ezra (and Nehemiah). B. Bath. 14ᵇ.—[M. Kat. III, 4 (18ᵇ) ספר ע׳, v. עֲזָרָה.] name of several Amoraim. Men. l. c.—Y. Erub. II, beg. 19ᵈ. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᶜ top עֶזְרָה; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֻזְרָד , v. עוּזְרָד ↗ expanded

עֶזְרָה 1 pr. n. m., v. עֶזְרָא ↗ expanded

עֶזְרָה 2 help. Taan. III, 7 (19ᵃ) לע׳ ולא לצעקה (you may blow the alarm on the Sabbath to summon people) for help, but not for prayer. Kidd. 6ᵃ עֶזְרָתִי מהו (if one says to a woman) ‘be my help’, how is it (is she betrothed)?, v. עֵזֶר. ↗ expanded

עֲזָרָה enclosure, esp. Temple court. Midd. I, 4 שבעה שערים היו בע׳ the Temple court had seven gates. Ib. II, 5 עֶזְרַת הנשים the women’s compartment in the Temple court; עזרת ישראל the men’s compartment (for non-priests). Ib. 6 כל הע׳ וכ׳ the whole ʿĂzarah was one hundred and seventy five cubits long &c.; a. v. fr.—ספר הע׳ the copy of the Torah used in the Temple court. M. Kat. III, 4 (18ᵇ) ספר הע׳ (Var. עזרא the copy deposited by Ezra). B. Bath. 14ᵇ top. Kel. XV, 6; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲזַרְיָה (b. h.) pr. n. m. Azariah, A. ben Oded, the prophet. Lev. R. s. 19.—2) one of the Jewish exiles at the Babylonian court, v. חֲנַנְיָא. Sabb. 67ᵃ; a. v. fr.—3) brother of Simon. Zeb. I, 2 שמעון אחי ע׳; Toh. VIII, 7.—Lev. R. s. 25 ע׳ עוסק בפרקמטיא וניתן וכ A. was engaged in trade, and supported his brother Simon. Sot. 21ᵃ.—4) father of R. Elazar, v. אֶלְעָזָר.—5) name of several Amoraim. Y. Ber. I, 2ᵈ top. Y. Sabb. VII, 9ᵇ (prob. identical with R. Ezra). Lev. R. s. 10, beg. Pesik. R. s. 14; Pesik. Par., p. 39ᵃ.—Pesik. R. s. 16 ר׳ ע׳ דכפר חטייה; Pesik. Eth. Korb., p. 61ᵃ; Lev. R. s. 7; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲזַרְתָּא = h. עֲזָרָה, court. Targ. Is. X, 32 (ed. Wil. עֲזָרָתָא, pl.). Targ. I Sam. III, 3 עֲזָרַת constr.; a. e.—Pl. עֲזָרָתָא. Targ. Is. I, 12 עֲזָרָתָי (not … תִי). ↗ expanded

עַזָּתָה , v. עַזָּה II ↗ expanded

עֵט (= b. h. עֵט; עטט, cmp. חטט) style, pencil. Targ. Jer. XVII, 1. ↗ expanded

עֵטָא , v. עֵיטָא ↗ expanded

עֲטָא , v. עטי ↗ expanded

עָטוֹף , pl. עֲטוֹפִין, v. עָטִיף. ↗ expanded

עִטּוּף , v. sub. עִיטּ׳. ↗ expanded

עֲטוּשָׁיָא of ʿAṭṭush, surname of one R. Yitsḥak. Y. Sot. III, beg. 18ᶜ. Y. Peah VIII, 20ᵈ bot. (ed. Krot. עטישׂ׳). Y. M. Kat. III, 82ᵇ top; a. e.—V. Fr. M’bo, p. 106ᵇ ↗ expanded

עטי (b. h.) to wrap up; to cover one’s self. Cant. R. to I, 7 וע׳ את בגדו וכ׳ and rolled up his cloak and went off. Ib. כאבל הזה שהוא עוֹטֶה על שפמו וכ׳ like the mourner that wraps himself up to his lip and weeps. Ned. 49ᵇ ברוך שעָטַנִי מעיל blessed be he who wrapped me in a cloak; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲטֵי Targ. Ps. CIX, 29 Ms. (ed. ויעטפ׳). ↗ expanded

עֳטִי (עטה to press on; cmp. יעץ, יעט; v. I Sam. XV, 19) urging, instigation. Sabb. 55ᵇ בת מי שמת בעֶטְיוֹ של נחש the daughter of him who died (for the sin committed) through the instigation of the serpent, i.e. for no sin of his own; B. Bath. 17ᵃ (cmp. Targ. Ruth IV, 22). Ib. ארבעה מתו בעטיו של נחש four persons died through no sin of their own.—V. עֵיטָא. ↗ expanded

עֲטֵילָא , v. עַטְלָא ↗ expanded

עֲטִינִים (עָטַן) packed olives, beginning to drip. Y. M. Kat. II, beg. 81ᵃ מתניתן בע׳ the Mishnah (M. Kat. II, 1) speaks of packed olives, opp. גרגרים loose berries. ↗ expanded

עַטִּינִין m. pl. (transpos. of נטע), v. אַטִּינִין ↗ expanded

עָטִיף (עָטף II) wrap, cloak.—Pl. עֲטִיפִין. Y. Peah VII, 21ᵇ top (ed. Krot. עֲטוֹפִין); Ruth R. to III, 3 עֲטוֹפִים (some ed. עֲטָפִין). ↗ expanded

עֲטֵיף bosom, lap, v. עִיטְפָא. ↗ expanded

עֲטִיפָה 1 (עָטַף I) fainting, exhaustion. Midr. Till. to Ps. CII, 1 ed. Bub. (ref. to עֲטֻפִים, Gen. XXX, 42) אותם שקנה בעֲטִיפת תפלה those he obtained by exhaustion in prayer. Ib. אין ע׳ אלא תפלה, v. עָטַף I. ↗ expanded

עֲטִיפָה 2 (עָטַף) wrapping one’s self up in mourning. M. Kat. 24ᵃ כל ע׳ שאינה כעֲטִיפַת וכ׳ a covering which is not like the covering of the Ishmaelites (up to the lip) is not a mourner’s covering. putting on a cloak, upper garment. Y. Peah VIII, 21ᵇ top כעֲטִיפָתֵנוּ בחול וכ׳ as we dress on week days, so do we on the Sabbath (we have no change of cloaks); Ruth R. to III, 3. Gen. R. s. 11, beg. ברכו בע׳ he blessed it (the Sabbath) with the distinction of a special cloak; Yalk. ib. 16. Gen. R. s. 82 שינו עֲטִיפָתָן וכ׳ changed their (Jewish) cloaks in days of persecution; Yalk. ib. 136; Yalk. Is. 263. Cant. R. to V, 9 מלך בשר ודם מעֲטִיפָתוֹ ניכר a human king is distinguished by his cloak. Treat. Der. Er. Zuta ch. V בארבעה … ובעטיפתן by four things are scholars recognized … by their cloaks; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַטִּיר (עֲטַר III) smoking. Targ. Y. II, Ex. XX, 15. ↗ expanded

עָטִיר , v. עֲטִר ↗ expanded

עֲטֵישׁ , v. עֲטַשׁ ↗ expanded

עֲטִישָׁה ) sneezing. Pirké d’R. El. ch. LII חייב אדם לומר בעֲטִישָׁתוֹ חיים on sneezing man must say, Life! (ref. to Job XLI, 10), v. עָטַשׁ. ↗ expanded

עֲטִישָׁיָא , v. עֲטוּשָׁיָא ↗ expanded

עֵטִיתָא , v. עֵיטָא ↗ expanded

עָטַל ʿAṭal. Esth. R. to I, 5 חנינא בר ע׳ (Y. Yeb. VI, 7ᶜ bot. בר עגול). ↗ expanded

עַטְלָא = h. עָצֵל, lazy, laggard. Targ. Prov. X, 26. Ib. XXII, 13 (Ms. עֲטֵילָא); a. fr.—Pl. עַטְלֵי. Ib. XV, 19. ↗ expanded

עטלוזא , v. עַטְלֵיז ↗ expanded

עַטְלוּתָא (preced. art.) idleness, laziness. Targ. Prov. XIX, 15. ↗ expanded

עַטְלֵיז = אטְלֵיז, bazaar, fair. Ab. Zar. 11ᵇ עַטְלֵיזָהּ של עזה Ar. (ed. עטלוזא, עטלוזה; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 20) the bazaar of Gaza (outside of the town). ↗ expanded

עֲטַלֵּיפָא , v. עֲטַלֵּפָא ↗ expanded

עֲטַלֵּף supposed to be comp. of עטל a. עוף, v. Ges. Thes., a. Ges. H. Dict.¹⁰ s. v.) bat. Snh. 98ᵇ אמר לו תרנגול לע׳ וכ׳ the cock said to the bat, I look out for the light, because the light is mine (I see it), but &c. Bekh. 7ᵇ, v. לָקַט. B. Kam. 16ᵃ, v. עַרְפָּד. ↗ expanded

עֲטַלֵּפָא Targ. O. Lev. XI, 19; Deut. XIV, 18. ↗ expanded

עֲטַם = אַטְמָא, flank. Targ. II Esth. I, 2 עִיטְמֵיה ed. Lag. (oth. ed. איטמיה).—Y. Meg. I, 70ᵈ חד ע׳ (not חדא) one flank; (Bab. ib. 7ᵃ bot. אטמא דעיגלא). ↗ expanded

עָטַן (cmp. טנן; v. Targ. Job XXI, 24 for עטיניו, a. meanings of Arab. ʿaṭana) [to moisten, cause dripping,] to pack olives in a vat preparatory to crushing. Men. VIII, 4 (86ᵃ) הזית השלישי עוֹטְנוֹ בתוך הבית וכ׳ (Ms. M. בבית, Bab. ed. בבית הבד) the third crop of olives (which are hard) he packs in the house, until they begin to rot &c. Tosef. Toh. X, 4 העוֹטֵין זיתיו בין שני בדין (R. S. to Toh. IX, 3 העוֹטֵן … בשני בתים) if a man divides his olives and packs them in two separate pits (houses); a. fr.—Part. pass. עָטוּן; pl. עֲטוּנִים, עֲטוּנִין. Y. Dem. VI, 25ᶜ bot. דרך … לאכול זיתיהן ע׳ ע"י עילה (strike out אלא) it is customary for people for some cause to use their packed olives for eating.—V. עֲטִינִים. ↗ expanded

עִטְּנִין , v. עַטִּינִין ↗ expanded

עטעמה , v. מַטְעֲמָה ↗ expanded

עָטַף 1 of Arab. ʿaṭafa, a. ʿaṭaba) to be lax, hang down; trnsf. to droop, faint; to lag behind, be slow. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXI, 3 עד חיכן … עד שיַעֲטוֹף (ed. Bub. עד שיע׳ לבו) how long must a man remain in prayer? Until he (his heart) is faint. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXIII, 6 ואין יעטוף אלא לשון לידה ed. Bub. (oth. ed. אלא ילוד) yaʿăṭof (ib.) has the meaning of (drooping) giving birth (by homiletical ref. to Gen. XXX, 42). Midr. Till. to Ps. CII, 1 ואין יעטוף אלא תפלה yaʿăṭof (ib.) means (exhaustion from) prayer (differ. in ed. Bub., v. עֲטִיפָה I. Gen. R. s. 24 (ref. to Is. LVII, 16) מהו יעטוף משלהי ליה what does yaʿăṭof mean? It (the wind) becomes wearied; Yalk. Kings 219; Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵈ top; a. e. Hithpa. הִתְעַטֵּף, Nithpa. נִתְעַטֵּף to faint. Tanḥ. Hăaz. 8 נתע׳ רוח האב his father’s spirit fainted. ↗ expanded

עָטַף 2 v. preced.) [to let hang over,] to wrap one’s self up, to put on an upper garment. Y. Ned. III, 38ᵃ bot. עתיד … לַעֲטוֹף טליתו וכ׳ wicked Esau (Rome) shall put on his cloak (for prayer, v. טַלִּית) and sit down among the righteous &c.—Part. pass. עָטוּף; pl. עֲטוּפִים, עֲטוּפִין. Num. R. s. 20 נראין ע׳ לשלום they appeared cloaked for peace, opp. מזויינין למלחמה in armor for war. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 40ᵃ bot. ע׳ ויושבין wrapped (in the judge’s cloak) and seated. Hithpa. הִתְעַטֵּף, Nithpa. נִתְעַטֵּף same. Sabb. 10ᵃ משיִתְעַטְּפוּ הדיינין when the judges put their cloaks on. Ib. 31ᵃ נ׳ ויצא וכ׳ he (Hillel) wrapped himself up and came out to meet him. Keth. 66ᵇ נִתְעַטְּפָה בשערה she covered herself with her hair. Ber. 16ᵇ ותִתְעַטֵּף בחסידותיך clothe thyself in thy kindness; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲטַף 1 Targ. Jer. XLIII, 12 וַעֲטַף Bxt. (ed. וירוקין). Targ. Ps. LXXXIV, 7 (Ms. Pa.). Ib. CIX, 29, v. עֲטֵי.—Part. pass. עָטִיף, עֲטִיף; pl. עֲטִיפִין; עֲטִיפָן. Targ. I Sam. XXVIII, 14. Targ. II Esth. I, 3.—M. Kat. 28ᵇ (in a funeral dirge) עְטוּף וכסו טורי וכ׳ wrap and cover yourselves (in festive garments), ye mountains, for he (the deceased) is &c. Pa. עטֵּף to put on, cover. Targ. Is. LXI, 10. Targ. Ps. LXXXIX, 46 עַטֵּיפְתָּ (ed. Wil. עִטַפְ׳ Pe.). Ib. LXXXIV, 7 (v. supra); a. e.—Part. pass. מְעַטַּף. Targ. Y. Lev. XIII, 45 (ed. Vien. מְעַטֵּף). Ithpa. אִתְעַטֵּף, אִתְעַטֵּיף, , אִיעַטֵּף to cover one’s self. Targ. O. Lev. l. c. Targ. Y. I Gen. XXIV, 65. Ib. XXXVIII, 14 (ed. Vien. אַעַטְפַת Af., incorr.). Targ. Ps. CIV, 2; a. fr.—Sabb. 10ᵃ לביש ומתכסי ימִתְעַטֵּף וכ׳ dressed and put an upper garment on and covered his head with it and prayed. Ib. 119ᵃ מִיעַטֵּף וקאי וכ׳ (Rashi מתע׳) was wrapped (in his festive cloak) and stood (ready to receive the Sabbath); B. Kam. 32ᵇ top; a. fr. ↗ expanded

*עֲטַף 2 (cmp. נטף) to float. Succ. 53ᵃ, v. infra. Pa. עַטֵּף to cause to float; to drown. Ib. דעַטְּפַת עַטְּפוּךְ ודעַטְּפוּךְ יְעַטְפוּן Ms. M. (ed. דאטיפת אטפוך וכ׳), v. טוּף. ↗ expanded

עָטָף ; pl. עֲטָפִין, v. עָטִיף. ↗ expanded

עֲטַף , v. עִיטְפָא ↗ expanded

עָטַר [to cut off, surround,] to wreathe, adorn.—Part. pass. עָטוּר. Pesik. R. s. 9, beg. כוס … שיהא מודח ושיהא ע׳ וכ׳ the goblet of benediction must be cleansed (shining), wreathed and full; Y. Ber. VII, end, 11ᵈ מלא ע׳ ומודח (not עיטור), v. infra. Pi. עִיטֵּר same. Ber. 51ᵃ ר׳ י׳ מְעַטְּרֵהוּ בתלמידים R. J. wreathed it (the goblet of benediction) by placing scholars around it (v. supra). Bicc. III, 9 מְעַטְּרִין את וכ׳ the first fruits must be decorated with plants not belonging to the seven kinds of fruits. Y. ib. 65ᶜ היה מְעַטְּרָן תאנים decorated them with figs. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᵇ bot. Bets. 5ᵃ כדי לעַטֵּר שוקי וכ׳ in order to have the markets of Jerusalem decorated with fruits; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְעוּטָּר; f. מְעוּטֶּרֶת; pl. מְעוּטָּרִים, מְעוּטָּרִין; מְעוּטָרוֹת. Ab. Zar. I, 4 (12ᵇ) חניות מע׳ wreathed shops (in honor of the deity of the bazaar). Y. ib. I, 39ᵈ במה מע׳ wherewith are they wreathed (in order to be recognized as dedicated to a deity)?; a. e. to crown, offer a crown. Tanḥ. Vaëra 5 והיו … ומְעַטְּרִין אותו and all the chiefs came and crowned him (Pharaoh); Ex. R. s. 5 מַעֲטִירִין (Hif.). Ib. משעִטְּרוּ אותו after they had crowned him. Ex. R. s. 42 מדינה … לעַטֵּר למלך a country that sent a delegate to offer the king a crown (of fealty); a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְעַטֵּר, Nithpa. נִתְעַטֵּר to be surrounded, protected, saved. Tanḥ. Tol’doth 4 (ref. to Prov. XVII, 6) הצדיקים מִתְעַטְּרִין בבני בניהם ובניהם מתעטרין באבותם the righteous are saved for the sake of their grandchildren, and their children for the sake of their fathers; אברהם נתע בזכות וכ׳ Abraham was saved (from the furnace) for the sake of Jacob &c. Ib. יצחק נתע׳ וכ׳ Isaac was protected through Abraham, and Abraham through Isaac. Gen. R. s. 47, beg. (ref. to Prov. XII, 4, as applied to Sarah) בעלה נתע׳ בה והיא לא נִתְעַטְּרָה בבעלה her husband was protected through her, but she was not protected through him; a. e. to be crowned, adorned, distinguished. Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ top (ref. to I Chr. II, 24; 26) הוא ירחמאל קדמוי גויה להִתְעַטֵּר בה … it is the Jerahmeel mentioned before, only that he married a gentile woman (named עטרה) to be ennobled through her; Ruth R. end. Y. Dem. II, 22ᶜ bot. אותה עטרה … להתעטר בה the Lord has left to him this crown to be crowned with it (this distinction to become renowned by it), v. גָּדַר; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲטַר 1 same. Targ. Ps. LXXIII, 6 עֲטַרְתִּנוּן וכ׳ pride adoms them (some ed. עטרתהין, v. עֲטַרְתָּא).—Part. pass. עָטִיר a) surrounded, guarded. Gitt. 86ᵃ, v. חֲרוּרי (v., however, next w.).—b) distinguished. Y. Nidd. II, end, 50ᵇ [read:] חמיתיה ע׳ מני dost thou see him (Rab)?—He is more distinguished than I am, i.e. let him decide. Pa. עַטֵּר same, to wreathe, decorate. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXVI, 3. Targ. I Chr. II, 54. Targ. Y. I Gen. L, 26 עַטְּרוּן יתיה they decorated his body. Targ. Y. Ex. III, 22 ותְעַטְּרוּן על וכ׳ and put them as ornaments on your children.—Ber. 51ᵃ מְעַטֵּר, v. נַטְלָא. Sot. 5ᵃ ומְעַטְּרָא ליה וכ׳ and it (a little pride) adorns (or protects) man as the awn protects the ear. Ithpa. אִתְעַטַּר to be wreathed (with flowers). Targ. Joel II, 22 (h. text דשאו). ↗ expanded

עַטַר 2 (v. preced.; cmp. כָּלָה a. כְּלִילָא) to be gone; tocease entirely. Targ. I Sam. IX, 7 עַטְרוּ ממננא (h. text אזל מכלינו); (ed. Wil. עֲדַן עֲטָרוּ מננא, corr. acc.; v. עֲדֵי I). Targ. I Kings XV, 14 (h. text סור); a. fr.—Part. pass. עָטִיר removed. Gitt. 86ᵃ Rashi (v. preced.). Pa. עַטֵּר to abolish entirely. Targ. II Chr. XXX, 14 (h. text הסיר). Targ. Y. Gen. XXXV, 2; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲטַר 3 (preced. wds., cmp. קטר) [to whirl around,] to smoke. Targ. Y. II, Ex. XIX, 18.—V. עַטִּיר. ↗ expanded

עִטְרָא , v. עִיטְרָא ↗ expanded

עֲטָרָה protection. Gen. R. s. 63, beg. (ref. to Prov. XVII, 6) האבות ע׳ לבנים והבנים ע׳ וכ׳ the fathers are a protection to their children (who are saved for their parents’ sake), and the children are a protection to their fathers; v. עָטַר Hithpa. wreath, crown, decoration. Ex. R. s. 5 לא היה יודע לשלח לי ע׳ did (your God) not have sense enough to send me a crown? Y. Sot. IX, 24ᵇ bot. ע׳ של זית a wreath of olive leaves; Lam. R. to V, 16 עֲטֶרֶת זית. Tosef. Sot. XV, 3 בטלה עטרת חכמים שעטרת חכמים עושרם the crown (or protection) of the scholars ceased, for the crown of the scholars is their wealth (independence, Prov. XIV, 24); Sot. 49ᵇ בטלו עַטְרוֹת וכ׳. Y. Dem. II, 22ᶜ bot., v. עָטַר Hithpa.—Yoma 69ᵇ החזירו ע׳ ליושנה they restored the crown (the praise of the Lord) to its original condition (by re-introducing the phrase האל הגדול הגבור והנורא; Y. Ber. VII, 11ᶜ הַגְּדוּלָּה). Ned. 62ᵃ; Ab. IV, 5 אל תעשם ע׳ וכ׳, v. גָּדַל. Meg. 15ᵇ; Snh. 111ᵇ עתיד הקב"ה להיות ע׳ וכ׳ the Lord, in the time to come, shall be a crown on the head of every righteous man (ref. to Is. XXVIII, 5); a. fr.—Pl. עֲטָרוֹת. Ab. Zar. IV, 2 ע׳ של שבלים wreaths of ears (used for idolatrous purposes); Y. ib. IV, 43ᵈ עַטְרוֹת שיבולים. Ib. ע׳ של וורד rose garlands. Sot. IX, 14 גזרו על ע׳ חתנים they forbade bridegrooms’ garlands; ע׳ כלות brides’ crowns. Ib. 49ᵇ איזהו ע׳ כלות עיר וכ׳ what brides’ crowns were forbidden? A golden representation of the city (of Jerusalem); a. fr.—Sabb. 87ᵇ אותו יום נטל עשר ע׳ that day carried off ten distinctions. a) brickwork of an oven. Kel. V, 3 עטרת כירה, v. טִירָה.—b) moulding, sill, cornice.—Pl. as ab. Ohol. XIV, 1. Midd. III, 8.—c) corona of the membrum virile. Yeb. 55ᵇ, a. e., v. הַכְנָסָה.—d) the ring around the teat of a woman, as a symptom of puberty. Nidd. 47ᵃ; 52ᵇ עד שתקיף הע׳ until a ring is formed around &c.; Tosef. ib. VI, 4 משתקיף הע׳ (not משיקיף); ib. 5; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲטָרוֹת ע׳ דְּבוֹרָה ʿAṭaroth Deborah. Targ. Jud. IV, 5 (h. text תמר דבורה; cmp. תָּמַר a. עֲטַר III). ↗ expanded

עִטְרָן (cmp. עֲטַר III, a. Samaritan איטרן, Gen. XXXVII, 25 for h. לֹט) ʿiṭran, a sort of resin used for lighting in place of oil. Sabb. II, 2 (24ᵇ). Sabb. 26ᵃ; Tosef. ib. II, 4. Y. ib. II, 4ᵈ ע׳ בין כבה בין דלק וכ׳ ʿiṭran smells badly whether extinguished or burning. ↗ expanded

עִטְרָנָא Sabb. 20ᵇ ע׳ פסולתא דזיפתא ʿiṭrana is the oily residue of pitch. ↗ expanded

עטַרְתָּא f. = h. עֲטָרָה. Targ. Ps. LXXIII, 6, v. עֲטַר I ↗ expanded

עָטַשׁ to sneeze; (euphem.) to break wind. Pirké d’R. El. ch. LII; Yalk. Job 927 לא נמצא אדם עוֹטֵשׁ וחיה וכ׳ (up to Jacob’s days) it had never occurred that a man sneezed and recovered from his sickness. Y’lamd. to Gen. XXVII, quot. in Ar. אדם עוטש אומר לו וכ׳ when a person sneezes, one says to him, Good life!—Y. Ber. III, 6ᵈ bot.; a. fr. Pi. עִיטֵּשׁ same. Ib. אני … מפהק ומְעַטֵּשׁ I saw him yawn and sneeze. Nidd. IX, 8 מפהקת ומְעַטֶּשֶׁת she yawns and sneezes (or feels inflated; symptoms of approaching menstruation); a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְעַטֵּשׁ, Nithpa. נִתְעַטֵּשׁ same. Yalk. Job l. c. לפיכך … כשמִתְעַטֵּשׁ therefore one must offer thanks when one sneezes. Ber. 24ᵃ bot. Num. R. s. 9 תהא מִתְעַטֶּשֶׁת וכ׳ she will feel inflated and languid. Y. Succ. V, 55ᵇ bot. היו מִתְעַטְּשׁוֹת מריח וכ׳ used to sneeze on account of the smell of the frankincense (offered at the Temple); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲטַשׁ Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵈ top אהן דע׳ גו מיכלא וכ׳ he who sneezes at a meal must not say &c., v. זט. Y. Yoma III, 40ᵈ bot.; Koh. R. to III, 11. ↗ expanded

עִיב (cmp. עָבָה) to be thick, heavy. Pa. עַיֵּיב to press, seize; trnsf. to declare guilty, convict. Lam. R. to II, 1 (expl. יָעִיב, ib.) איך ע׳ וכ׳ Ar. (ed. חייב), v. חוּב ch.—V. עַיָּיבָא, עיְיבָא. ↗ expanded

עֵיבָא (preced.) = h. עָב, thickness, darkness, cloud. Targ. Ex. XIX, 9 (Y. some ed. עִיכָּא). Targ. Job XXX, 15 (ed. Lag. a. oth. עבא). Targ. Is. XLIV, 22; a. fr.—Ber. 59ᵃ דאתא בע׳ Ms. M. (ed. דקטר, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) when it (the morning) comes with a heavy cloud, opp. עננא. Taan. 3ᵇ ע׳ דבתר מיטרא כמיטרא a covered sky after the rain is as beneficial as the rain itself. Ib. 20ᵇ כל יומא דע׳ on every cloudy day (when heavy rains were threatening). Yoma 28ᵇ יומא דע׳ כוליה שמשא on a cloudy day the sun is felt all over; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַיָּבָא , v. עַיָּיבָא ↗ expanded

עִיבּוּד (עָבַד) dressing hides, working in leather. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᶜ bot., v. שִׁרְטֵט. Bab. Sabb. 75ᵇ אין ע׳ באוכלין the prohibition of dressing (by means of salting) does not apply to eatables (meat &c.); a. e. ↗ expanded

עִיבּוּר (עָבַר) passing, crossing.—פָּרָשַׁת הע׳ cross-road; trnsf. crisis. Ber. IV, 4 (in a short prayer prescribed for one passing an unsafe road) … בכל פ׳ הע׳ לפניך let their needs be before thee at every critical period, expl. ib. 29ᵇ אפי׳ … עׄבׄרׄה כאשה עוׄבׄרׄת וכ׳ even at a moment when thou art full of swelling anger at them, like a woman big with child &c.; (anoth. explan.) אפי׳ … עׄיבׄרׄים על דברי תורה even at a moment when they trespass the words of the Law; Y. ib. IV, 8ᵇ top כל מה שש"ץ עׄובׄרׄ וכ׳ whatever the messenger of the congregation passing before the ark may ask of thee &c. ע׳ דִּין passing beyond justice or law, rigor, tyranny. Ex. R. s. 30 ע׳ הדין שעיבר על אחרים the rigorous judgment which he passed on others. (b. h. growth, esp. grain, breadstuff. Gen. R. s. 94 (ref. to Gen. XLV, 23) בר ע׳ bâr means breadstuff. Keth. 112ᵃ ממנה ע׳ וכ׳ from this field I have my breadstuff, from it my peas &c. pregnancy, conception. Gen. R. s. 20 (ref. to Gen. III, 16) עצבונך זה צער הע׳ ‘thy pain’ refers to the suffering attending upon conception, v. עִידּוּי; Erub. 100ᵇ והרונך זה צער הע׳ ‘and thy pregnancy’ refers to &c.; Ab. d’R. N. ch. I. Gen. R. s. 51Gen. R. s. 51, end (play on עברתו, Jer. XLVIII, 30) מתחילת עִיבּוּרוֹ וכ׳ from the time when Moab was first conceived. Gen. R. s. 38, end שנה לעִיבּוּרָהּ של וכ׳ deduct one year for the pregnancy with Milkah &c. Ib. s. 45, beg. (expl. מכרה, Prov. XXXI, 10) עִיבּוּרָהּ her going with child (with allusion to מכרתיך, Ez. XVI, 3); a. fr. extension of city limits for Sabbath movements, outskirts. Erub. V, 7 … הנותן בעיבורה של עיר he who places his ‘Erub within the outskirts of a city. Y. ib. 22ᵇ bot. מהו ליתן ע׳ לע׳ may an outskirt be added to an outskirt (to be considered part of the township)?; a. fr.—6) intercalation; ע׳ החדש proclaiming the month just past one of thirty days; ע׳ השנה proclaiming a leap-year, inserting a second Adar. Snh. I, 1 ע׳ החדש בשלשה the proclamation of a full month (i.e. the postponement of the New Moon Day) must take place in a court of three. Ib. 11ᵃ ע׳ השנה שלשים יום the intercalated month consists of thirty days. Ib. 12ᵃ כנגד חדש הע׳ corresponding to the thirteenth month. B. Mets. VIII, 8 יחלוקי את חדש הע׳ let them (the landlord and the tenant) divide the rent for the additional month; a. fr.—Pl. עִיבּוּרִים, עִיבּוּרִין, עִבּ׳. R. Hash. 7ᵃ באחד בניסן … ולע׳ the first of Nisan is the New Year’s Day for the months and for intercalations; expl. ib. להפסקת ע׳ for interrupting the intercalation, i.e. after the month of Nisan has been proclaimed, no intercalation can take place for that year. Gen. R. s. 72 (expl. לעתים, I Chr. XII, 33) לע׳ ‘for seasons’ means for intercalations; a. fr.—Trnsf. calculations of the time of redemption (v. קֵץ); epochs. Cant. R. to II, 8 מדלג על החשבונות ועל הקיצים וע׳ the Lord skips over (human) calculations and (speculations on) ends and epochs; Pesik. R. s. 15; Yalk. Cant. 986. Lev. R. s. 19 אנו … כמה קצים וכמה ע׳ we who have been separated from the house of our life and from the house of our holiness and glory these many days and years, these many terms and epochs; Yalk. ib. 571 כמה יובלות וכמה ע׳.—7) ע׳ צורה (v. עָבַר Pu.) disfiguration, decay. Pes. 34ᵃ, a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִיבּוּר ² (Targ. O. ed. Berl. a. oth. עִיב׳, without Dagesh) grain, breadstuff. Targ. Gen. XXVII, 28; 37 (h. text דגן). Targ. Is. LXII, 8. Targ. Gen. XLI, 35, sq. (h. text אכל); a. fr.—Y. Dem. I, 22ᵃ top עִיבּוּרָן our grain. Y. Ned. VII, 40ᶜ top דגנה מעִבּוּרָהּ (perh. to be read מַעֵבוּרָהּ) by d’ganah we understand, of its (Palestine’s) breadstuff (and not Egyptian beans), v. דְּגָנָא,—Pl. עִיבּוּרַיָּיא. [Targ. Y. Gen. XVIII, 3 ed. Amst., v. עֲבוֹרָא.]—Y. Dem. l. c. מהי ע׳ עבידין how are the crops?; Y. Taan. III, 66ᶜ top. pregnancy, conception. Targ. Job III, 2 על ע׳ ליליא (not וליליא). Targ. Y. Gen. XXV, 24.—Nidd. 40ᵃ בחד ע׳ כגין וכ׳ two confinements of one pregnancy, as was the case with Judah and Hizkiah (who were born three months apart from one another).—Pl. עִיבּוּרֵי, עִכּ׳. Ib. בתרי ע׳ two confinements of two conceptions (one being a miscarriage). intercalation, proclamation of a full month; proclamation of a leap-year. Targ. I Sam. XX, 27; 34 יום ע׳ ירחא תנינא the second New Moon Day which is observed in consequence of the proclamation of a full month. Targ. Esth. IX, 31; Targ. II Esth. IX, 29; a. e.—Y. Snh. I, 18ᶜ bot. ועאל … קמיה מיניה לע׳ (not מניין) R. Jacob bar A. was before him admitted to the meeting for the proclamation of a leap-year; Y. R. Hash. II, 58ᵇ top; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִיבִידָא fr. (עֲבַד) labor, work, trade, occupation. Targ. Lev. XVI, 29. Targ. Ex. XXXI, 5; a. fr.—B. Mets. 91ᵃ בעֲבִידְתֵּיה טריד his attention is absorbed by his business. Y. Taan. IV, 69ᵇ bot. מיעבד עִיבִידְתֵּיה to follow his pursuit (as a washer). Y. Sabb. II, 4ᵈ top, v. עוֹבַדְתָּא; a. fr. beasts of labor, v. עוֹבַדְתָּא. ↗ expanded

עֵיבָל (b. h.) pr. n., הר ע׳ Mount Ebal, near Shechem. Sot. VII, 5; Tosef. ib. VIII, 9; 11; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֵיבַר 1 (עֲבַר), ע׳ אורחא traveller. Targ. Job XXXI, 32 Ms. Var. (ed. אכסניי).—V. עְבוֹרָא. ↗ expanded

עֵיבַר 2 = h. עֵבֶר, border, bank, side. Targ. Ez. XLVI, 19 (ed. Wil. עִבַּר; h. text כָּתֵף). Ib. XL, 18 (ed. Wil. עָבְרָא). Targ. II Chr. XXIII, 10. Targ. O. Gen. L, 10; (Y. ed. Amst. עוּבְרָא); a. fr.—B. Bath. 40ᵇ בעיבר ימינה on the right bank. Ib. 91ᵃ ע׳ זעירא דכותי זהו וכ׳ the small side of Kuthi is Ur Kasdim; [comment.: ʿIbra Z’ʿera, pr. n. pl.]; a. e.—Pl. עִיבְרַיָּא, עֶבְ׳. Targ. O. Ex. XXXII, 15. Targ. Jer. XLIX, 32; a. e. ↗ expanded

עִיגּוּל (עָגַל) circle. Succ. 8ᵃ כמה מרובע יותר על הע׳ by how much is a square larger than a tangent circle within it? One fourth; Ohol. XII, 6. Naz. 8ᵇ בֵּית עי׳ Ar. (ed. בית עגול) a circular building; Tosef. Neg. VI, 3 בית העגיל ed. Zuck. (Var. העגל). a round mould in which figs or grapes are pressed, cake of pressed figs; cake, loaf. B. Mets. II, 1 (21ᵃ) מצא ע׳ ובתוכו וכ׳ if one finds a cake of figs within which was a piece of earthen ware (as a mark). Maasr. I, 8, v. חָלַק. Sabb. 93ᵃ top (expl. ככר, ib. X, 5) בע׳ של דבילה a cake of figs (too large for one to carry); a. fr.—Pl. עִיגּוּלִים, עִיגּוּלִין, עִגּ׳. Ter. IV, 8, v. מַלְבֵּן. Y. Ḥall. I, 57ᵈ bot. Toh. X, 8 בין הע׳ לזונין the space between the moulds and the deposit of grape shells (Maim.; v. infra).—Ab. d’R. N. ch. VI, end היו מביאין את הע׳ וכ׳ (not העגלים, v. ed. Schechter note) they took the loaves of bread and sawed them apart and soiled them with mud. עִיגּוּלֵי הגת, עִגּ׳ weights (clay cylinders) put on the wine press. Sabb. I, 9 טוענין … ע׳ הגת you may put on (the press) the beams of the oil press or the cylinders of the wine press; Tosef. ib. I, 29 ותולין בע׳ הגת (Var. ע׳ הגת) and suspend the weights &c. Toh. l. c. בין ע׳ לזוגין between the cylinders &c. (R. S.; v. supra). in gen. ball, lump.—Pl. as ab. Sot. 11ᵇ, a. e., v. נָקַט. Tosef. Mikv. V, 8 עגולי שלג lumps of snow; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִיגּוּל ² circle. Succ. 8ᵃ ע׳ דנפיק מגו ריבועא a tangent circle within a square; ריבועא דנפיק מגו ע׳ a tangent square within a circle; a. e. (v. עֲגוֹל) cake, loaf. Y. Shebu. VI, 37ᵃ bot. ואיערכו גו ע׳, v. עֲרַךְ. Ib. 37ᵇ top קצון חד עיגל וכ׳ (corr. acc.) they cut one loaf and found &c.; Lev. R. s. 6 עגולה (corr. acc.). Gen. R. S. 49 חד ע׳ דריפתא בעשר פולרין (Ar. ed. Koh. חד ע׳ דפיתא בעיגול פולרי, corr. acc.) one loaf of bread for ten follera. Y. Bicc. III, 65ᵈ ולא הוה ליה ע׳ מיכליה and had not a loaf of bread to eat; a. fr.—Pl. עִיגּוּלִין. Lev. R. l. c. Lam. R. to III, 16 תמנין ע׳ Ar. (ed. פטילקין); a. e. ↗ expanded

עִיגּוּן (עָגַן) tying, holding fast.—Pl. עִיגּוּנִין [means of tying,] anchor, ballast. B. Bath. 73ᵃ (expl. עוגין ib. V, 1) אלו ע׳ שלה Ms. H. a. F. (ed. עוגינין; Rashb. עִיגּוּנָא; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 3) that is the means of her (the ship’s) detention (with ref. to Ruth I, 13); Yalk. Ez. 367 (not עיגוני).—[In later Hebr. literature: עיגון status of a deserted wife.] ↗ expanded

עִיגּוּנָא anchor, v. preced. condition of a deserted wife, disability to remarry, v. עָגַן. Gitt. 3ᵃ; Yeb. 88ᵃ משום ע׳ אקילו וכ׳ in order to prevent the eventuality of ‘widowhood in life’, the Rabbis have made lenient rules for her (as regards testimony to her husband’s death); a. e. ↗ expanded

עֵיגַל = h. עֵגֶל, calf. Targ. Lev. IX, 2, sq. (ed. Lsb. עֲגַל). Targ. Ex. XXXII, 24; a. fr.—Y. Snh. VII, end, 25ᵈ נחת ואתעביד חד עגל (the pebble) fell down and turned into a calf. Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵇ חמא חד עי׳ מנכס saw a calf which was going to be slaughtered. Snh. 65ᵇ; 67ᵇ, v. בְּרָא I; a. fr.—[Y. Shebu. VI, 37ᵇ top חד עיגל, read: עִיגּוּל.]—עֵין ע׳. calf’s eye, name of a jewel. Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 19; XXXIX, 12 (h. text אחלמה). Targ. Y. Num. II, 18 עִינְעֵיגַל.—Pl. עִיגְלַיָּא, עִיגְלִין, עֶגְ׳. Targ. II Kings XVII, 16. Targ. I Kings XII, 32; a. e.—[Targ. Jer. XXXI, 39 ed. Lag., v. עִגְלָא.] ↗ expanded

עֵיד־ , v. עֵד ↗ expanded

עֵיד (עוּד) = אֵיד, anniversary, (idolatrous) festival.—Pl. עֵידִים, אֵידִין. Ab. Zar. 2ᵃ; Y. ib. I, 39ᶜ top; Y. Erub. V, beg. 22ᵃ, v. אֵיד. Tosef. Ab. Zar. I, 1 עֵידֵיהֶן (Var. אֵי׳). ↗ expanded

עֵידָא , יומא דע׳ (cmp. יעד) appointed day. Targ. Prov. VII, 20 (ed. Wil. דעֵדָא; h. text כֶּסֶא). ↗ expanded

עִידְבָא , v. עדְבָא ↗ expanded

עִידּוּי (v. עֲדֵי I, Pa.) carrying, going with child. Gen. R. s. 20 הרונך זה צער הע׳ heronekh (Gen. III, 16) means the inconveniences during pregnancy, v. עִיבּוּר. Yalk. ib. 82 (ref. to עדנה, Gen. XVIII, 12) האשה … ע׳ ולדות as long as a woman is young, there is for her a possibility of bearing children; a. e.—Pl. עִידּוּיִין. Gen. R. s. 48 (ed. Wil.) האשה הזאת כל זמן שהיא ילדה יש לה עִידּוּיִין וכ׳ as long as a woman is young, there is for her a possibility &c., and I, after I am grown old, should have ʿednah?—V. עִידּוֹן. ↗ expanded

עִידּוּי ² Targ. Ruth IV, 13. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XVIII, 12 (Y. I עִידּוּיִין pl.; ed. Amst. עִידּוּיַין; h. text. עדנה, v. preced.).—Pl. עִידּוּיִין (עִידּוּיַין fem.). Targ. O. Gen. III, 16 (Y. sing.). Targ. Y. I ib. XVIII, 12, v. supra. ↗ expanded

עִידּוּן (עָדַן), pl. עִידּוּנִים, עִידּוּנִין delicacies, indulgenceindelicacies; הנהיג ע׳ בעצמו to indulge one’s self. Taan. 20ᵇ שכח … ולא ינהיג ע׳ וכ׳ if he forgot himself and ate and drank (on a day observed as a fast day in the place), he must not show himself before the public, nor must he indulge himself with delicacies; Yalk. Gen. 148. ↗ expanded

עִידּוֹן (v. עִידָּן) period; pl. עִידּוֹנִים, עִידּוֹנִין, עִדּ׳ menses. Gen. R. s. 48 (ed. Wil.) האשה הזאת כל זמן שהיא ילדה יש לה ווסתות ואני … עדנה ע׳ as long as she is young, a woman has her periods, and I, ‘after I am grown old’ (Gen. XVIII, 12) should have ʿednah, that is menses?; [Yalk. ib. 82 ד"א עדנה עִדָּנִין ווסתנית, v. וֶוסְתָּנִית]. ↗ expanded

עִידּוֹנָא , v. עִידָּנָא ↗ expanded

עִידּוּר (עָדַר) hoeing. M. Kat. 3ᵃ. Gen. R. s. 39 בע׳ בשעת הע׳ engaged in hoeing at the proper time, v. נִיכּוּשׁ. ↗ expanded

עִידִּית (עָדָה II, cmp. עָדַד) [booty, lion’s share,] choice land, v. זִיבּוּרִית. Gitt. V, 1 הניזקין שמין להן בע׳ in cases of damage we assess (and collect from) the choice land of the defendant; Tosef. Keth. XII, 2; Tosef. B. Kam. I, 1 שמין להם מן הע׳; a. fr.—[Tosef. Shebi. V, 17 העידית, v. עִירִית.] ↗ expanded

עִידִּיתָא , constr. עִידִּית same, esp. choice dwellings. Targ. Lam. II, 2 (Bxt. עֲדִית, ed. Vien. עִידִית; v. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v., end; h. text נאות). Targ. Ps. LXXXIII, 13 (Ms. דירוות; ed. Wil. עִידִית). ↗ expanded

עִידָּן c. (v. next w.) period, time.—Pl. עַידָּנִים, עִידָּנִין, עִדָּ׳ Yalk. Gen. 82, v. עִידּוֹן. ↗ expanded

עִידָּן ² (עוּד) same. Targ. Koh. III, 1, sq. (ed. Vien. עִידָ׳). Targ. Ps. LXXI, 9 (ed. Wil. עִדָ׳); a. fr.—עד העידנא until now (v. אִידְּנָא). Ib. 17.—Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 55 עידן בעידן (h. text ימים).—Meg. 16ᵇ (prov.) תעלא בעִידְּנֵיה וכ׳ when the fox has his time, bow to him. Ber. 15ᵃ בעִידַּן צלותא when it is time for prayer; a. fr.—Esp. the time appointed for the study of the Law, lesson. Ib. 43ᵇ דלא קביע ליה ע׳ when he has no fixed time for study; אבל קביע ליה ע׳ … דלעידניה קא אזיל but if his time is fixed (by his teacher), he will be known to go to his appointment (and not be suspected of going wrong). Gitt. 60ᵇ לותבן מר בע׳ let me sit (to study with you) at the hour of your studies; אית לי ע׳ לדידי that hour is mine (for my own studies). Ḥull. 133ᵃ אנסיה ליה עידניח his teaching engagements prevented him (from officiating as priest); a. fr.—Pl. עִידָּנִין, עִידָּנַיָּא, עִדָּ׳. Targ. Esth. I, 14. Targ. Job XXIV, 1. Targ. I Chr. XII, 32. Targ. Ps. XLVI, 6 עֵידּוֹנֵי ed. Lag. (oth. ed. עִידָּנֵי); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִיוּוּת (עָוַת) perversion; ע׳ הדין perversion of justice. Ab. V, 8; Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXXVIII; Sabb. 33ᵃ, contrad. to עינוי. Tanḥ. Thazr. 7 שמא עיות הדין וכ׳ (corr. acc.) is there perversion of justice in heaven?; v. פִּילוֹנִיקְיָא. ↗ expanded

עִיּוּן (עוּן) speculation, meditation, deliberation; ע׳ תפלה a) calculation of the effects of prayer, expectation of the granting of one’s prayer as a due claim (v. עוּןPi.). Ber. 55ᵃ שלשה דברים … וע׳ ת׳ וכ׳ three things cause a man’s record of sins to be called up: a threatening wall, calculation on prayer &c., v. דִּין II. B. Bath. 164ᵇ שלש עבירות … וע׳ ת׳ וכ׳ three sins man cannot escape every day: impure thought, calculation on prayer &c.; [oth. opin. the lack of devotion in prayer, v. Tosaf. a. l.].—b) devotion. Sabb. 127ᵃ. Ib. 118ᵇ קיימית ע׳ ת׳ I fulfilled (guarded the duty of) devotion in my prayers. B. Bath. l. c., v. supra. ↗ expanded

עִיּוֹן (b. h.) pr. n. pl. ʿIyon (ʿAyûn), a town in the north of Palestine. Y. Dem. II, 22ᵈ top. Tosef. Shebi. IV, 11; a. e., v. נְקִיפְתָּא. ↗ expanded

עִיּוּק (עוּק) pressure, distress. Targ. Is. XXX, 6. ↗ expanded

עִייֵּר , v. עִוֵּר ↗ expanded

עִייְּרָא , v. עֲוִירָא I, II. ↗ expanded

עִיז c. = h. עֵז, goat. Targ. O. Lev. XXII, 27 (ed. Berl. עֵז). Targ. Y. ib. III, 12; a. fr.—Meg. 3ᵃ ע׳ … מינאי the goat in the butcher’s house is fatter than I am (a charm). B. Bath. 74ᵃ ע׳ דימא the sea-goat (a fabulous animal); a. fr.—Ab. Zar. 24ᵇ; Men. 22ᵃ, a. e. ע׳ דקורקסא, v. קוּרְקְסָא.—Pl. עִיזִּין, עִיזַּיָּא, עִיזֵּי, עִזּ׳. Targ. O. Gen. XV, 9. Targ. ib. XXVII, 9. Targ. Y. Lev. XXII, 27; a. fr.—B. Kam. 23ᵇ ע׳ דבי תרבו goats of the house of Tarbu. Ib. ע׳ דשוקא goats intended for slaughter on market day; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִיזָּה (v. עֵז) she-goat. Y. Bicc. II, end, 65ᵇ (expl. כוי) צבי שעלה ע"ג ע׳ a hybrid of deer and goat. ↗ expanded

עִיזּוּז , v. עִזּוּז ↗ expanded

עִיזְלָא , v. sub עִזְ׳. ↗ expanded

עֵיט , v. עֵט ↗ expanded

עַיִט 1 עוּט to swing) bird of prey. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXVIII. ואין הע׳ אלא בן דוד שנמשל לע׳ the ʿayiṭ (Gen. XV, 11) is typical of the son of David who is compared to a bird of prey. Ib. כדי שלא ימשול בהם הע׳ וכ׳ that the bird of prey might not have control of them until evening; Yalk. Gen. 76; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַיִט 2 , v. עַיִיט ↗ expanded

עֵיטָא (יְעַט) = h. עֵצָה, counsel, advice, order. Targ. Koh. XI, 3 (h. text העץ!). Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVII, 14. Targ. Esth. I, 1 (ed. Amst. עֵטִיתָא, cmp. עֳטִי); a. fr.—Targ. Ruth IV, 22 masc.—Pl. עֵיטְּיַין, עֵיטְיַן. Targ. Y. Deut. XXXII, 28 (Y. II עֵיצַן). ↗ expanded

עיטדא , v. עִיטְרָא ↗ expanded

עיטה , v. עֵיטָם ↗ expanded

עִיטּוּף (עָטַף II) putting a cloak on, covering the head (at prayer). Ber. 51ᵃ (the cup of benediction requires) עיטור וע׳ crowning (the cup) and covering the head (of those reciting). ↗ expanded

עִיטּוּר (עָטַר) crowning, wreathing. Ber. 51ᵃ, v. preced.—[Y. ib. VII, end, 11ᵈ, read: עָטוּר, v. עָטַר.] Bicc. III, 10 ע׳ הבכורים מין וכ׳ the basket of first-fruits must be wreathed with plants different from those offered. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᵈ משם עיתור (corr. acc.) as a decoration in honor of an idolatrous deity, v. פְּרַקְסִיס.—Pl. עִיטּוּרִין. Y. Succ. I, 51ᵈ bot. ותולה בה ע׳ וכ׳ and he suspended from the ceiling of the Succah wreaths (decorations) of material which may be used for covering. Y. Bets. I, 60ᵇ top עִיטּוּרֵי סוכה the decorations of the Succah; Y. Sabb. III, 6ᵇ bot. (cmp. עִיטְרָא) cutting off; ע׳ סופרים separation of words (by omitting the conjunctive Vav) as established by the Scribes. Ned. 37ᵇ (ref. to אחר for ואחר, Gen. XVIII, 5; ib. XXIV, 55; Num. XII, 14; Ps. LXVIII, 26, a. to משפטיך for ומשפ׳, ib. XXXVI, 7). ↗ expanded

עיטורין , Tosef. Shebi. V, 11 ed. Zuck., read עֲטָדִין or אֲטָדִין, v. אָטָד ↗ expanded

עֵיטְיַין pl. of עֵיטָא; בַּר ע׳ pr. n. m. Bar ʿEṭyan (counsellor). Y. B. Bath. VI, end, 15ᶜ ↗ expanded

עֵיטָם (b. h.) pr. n. pl. Etam (v. Neub. Géogr. p. 132). Yeb. XII, 6 כפר ע׳ (Y. ed. אבוס).—Zeb. 54ᵇ עין ע׳ (Ms. R. 1 איטם); Yalk. Deut. 910 עיטה (corr. acc.); Yalk. Josh. 24. ↗ expanded

עִיטְמָא , v. עֲטַם ↗ expanded

עִיטְפָא (v. עָטַף I) bosom, lap (corresp. to h. חֵק). Targ. O. Ex. IV, 6, sq. Targ. Lam. II, 12 (עֲטֵיף) עֲטִיף constr. Targ. Koh. VII, 9 עֲטַף; a. e.—Pl. עִיטְפִין, עִטְ׳. Targ. Y. Deut. I, 27. ↗ expanded

עִיטְרָא (v. עִיטּוּר separation, deed of partition between partners or heirs. B. Bath. 29ᵇ ולא אמרן אלא דלא כתוב ע׳ אבל כתוב ע׳ וכ׳ Ms. M. a. early eds. א׳) this (that two partners, having arranged between themselves that their common slave should serve one of them alternately each year, cannot rest their claim of ownership on the ground of undisturbed possession for three consecutive years) has been said only, when they have not written an agreement of partition, but if they have &c. B. Mets. 39ᵇ דלא עביד ע׳ Ms. R. 2 (Ms. M. איטרא; ed. עיטדא, corr. acc.) when no partition of the inherited estate has been made. ↗ expanded

עִיטְרָן , v. sub עִטְ׳. ↗ expanded

עֵיטְתָא , v. עֵיטָא ↗ expanded

עִיָּיא ʿIyya, dialectic pronunciation of חִיָּיא. M. Kat. 16ᵇ אמר ליה ע׳ וכ׳ he (Rabbi, being angry with R. Ḥiyyah) said to him, Iyya, who calls thee outside? Ker. 8ᵃ צריכין לדברי ע׳ they still need the interpretation of Iyya (of whom you spoke so contemptuously as ‘the Babylonian’). ↗ expanded

עַיָּיבָא (עִיב) guilty. Lam. R. to II, 1, v. חוּב ch. ↗ expanded

עַיְיבָא (עִיב) heaviness, pain. Lam. R. to II, 1, v. כֵּיבָא. ↗ expanded

עיי"ן the letter ʿAyin. Cant. R. to III, 4 ע׳ תלויה a suspended ʿAyin, v. יְאוֹר. Y. Meg. I, 71ᶜ top ע׳ מעשה נסים the ʿAyin on the tablets was a miracle, v. רַעַץ; a. e.—Pl. עַיְינִין. Y. Ber. II, 4ᵈ bot., v. אל"ף. Sabb. 103ᵇ one must not write אלפין ע׳ וכ׳ the Alephs so as to look like ʿAyins &c. ↗ expanded

עִיֵּין , v. עוּן ↗ expanded

עַיִין , v. עַיִן, עֵינָא. ↗ expanded

עַיְינוֹשׁ ʿAynosh, a northern border town of Palestine. Y. Dem. II, 22ᵈ top; (Tosef. Shebi. IV, 10 עיני שת, Var. עינישת). ↗ expanded

עַיְינוּתָא ; v. עַיְנוּתָא; a. עֵינָא. ↗ expanded

עַיְינֵי pr. n. pl., v. טַב III ↗ expanded

עָיֵיף , v. עָיֵף, a. עִיף II. ↗ expanded

עָיִיק , v. עוּק ↗ expanded

עָיְיקָא , v. עָיְקָא ↗ expanded

עֲיָירוֹת , pl. of עִיר. ↗ expanded

עַיְיתָא , v. קוֹבְעַיָּא ↗ expanded

עֲיַיתְלוּ ʿyathlu. Y. Nidd. I, beg. 48ᵈ; ib. 49ᵇ bot. (Bab. ib. 9ᵇ הִיתְלוּ). ↗ expanded

עִיכּוּב (עָכַב) keeping back, hinderance, prevention. Tem. 32ᵃ sq. אין בה אלא ע׳ גיזברין בלבד there is nothing to prevent the offering of the sacrifice, except that we must await the appearance of the Temple treasurers (as representatives of the owners).—Esp. hinderance, a circumstance which makes a religious act invalid, indispensable condition, absolute necessity. Y. Pes. VII, 34ᵇ top (ref. to כי אם צלי אש, Ex. XII, 9) שינה עליו הכתוב לע׳ the text has an extraordinary (emphatic) expression about it to intimate that the roasting of the Passover sacrifice over fire is indispensable. Ib. II, 29ᵇ bot. לע׳ תאמרת the rule that the unleavened bread to be eaten on the Passover night must not contain any fruit juice has been laid down as an indispensable condition, opp. למצוה, v. מִצְוָה; a. e. ↗ expanded

עִיכּוּבָא delay. Targ. Y. Deut. XXIII, 22. indispensable condition. Yoma 5ᵃ bot. ככה ע׳ היא the emphatic expression ‘thus’ (Ex. XXIX, 35) intimates the indispensableness of any of the prescribed forms. Ib.ᵇ ושמרתם … ע׳ the emphatic expression, ‘and ye shall guard’ (Lev. VIII, 35) intimates &c. ↗ expanded

עִיכּוֹל (עָכַל); pl. עִיכּוֹלִין, עִכּ׳ things attacked by fire, half-burned pieces which bounded off the altar. Zeb. 83ᵇ עִיכּוֹלֵי עולה pieces of a burnt-offering; עיכולי קטורת of frankincense; Yoma 45ᵇ. Ḥull. 90ᵃ ע׳ בשר pieces of flesh; ע׳ גידים ועצמות of sinews and bones. ↗ expanded

עִיכּוּם pr. n. pl., v. אֵכּוּם a. עַכּוֹ. ↗ expanded

עֵיל (עוּל) = h. עָל, height, heaven. Targ. Job XXXVII, 9 עִילָא.—ע׳ מן, לע׳ מן above, over. [Dan. VI, 3 עֵלָּא.] Targ. Y. Gen. I, 7. Targ. Gen. XXII, 9. Targ. Num. I, 3 (O. ed. Vien. לעֵלָּא); a. v. fr.—מִלְּעֵ׳ from on high, above. Targ. Ps. L, 4. Targ. I Chr. XI, 11; a. fr.—B. Bath. 45ᵃ דסלקין לע׳ ודנחתין לתתא (for) those who go up (to Palestine) and those who come down (to Babylonia). Y. ib. VI, end, 15ᶜ חדא מלע׳ וכ׳ one (grave) above and one below. Sabb. 30ᵃ שאול … לע׳ מר׳ תנחום they asked this question over (the head of) R. Tanḥum, i.e. those standing by him when he was teaching (v. אֲמוֹרָא). Ḥull. 51ᵃ לע׳ מרבי רבה with the great Rabbi when he was teaching; a. fr.—עִילוֹי upon him. Targ. Y. Gen. XXVIII, 13; a. e.—Y. Ber. II, 4ᶜ bot. כד הויין תפילוי ע׳ when he had his T’fillin on. Ib. ולא סמכין ע׳ but we do not rely upon him, a. e.—[Usu. עִילַוֵּיה, v. עִילָוֵי, or עֲלוֹי, v. עַל ch.] ↗ expanded

עִיל (cmp. עוּלָא I a. עוֹלָל) foal. Targ. Zech. IX, 9 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. עַיִר). Targ. Job XI, 12 (ed. Wil. עֵילָא).—Pl. עִילִין, עִילֵי. Targ. Jud. X, 4 (ed. Wil. עוּלִין; some ed. עַיְרִין). Targ. Is. XXX, 6. Targ. O. Gen. XXXII, 16; a. e.—Sabb. 155ᵃ בע׳ זוטרי when feeding very young foals.—[B. Bath. 9ᵃ עילא משגש וכ׳ Ms. F., v. עוּלָא I.] ↗ expanded

עִילָא 2 c. ch. (v. עִילָה) [going around,] circumvention, intrigue, falsehood. Targ. Ruth IV, 22; [Dan. VI, 5, sq. עִלָּה]. Targ. Ps. XLI, 7 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. עַוְלָא; h. text אָוֶן). Ib. LVIII, 3 (some ed. עילאה, corr. acc.; h. text עוֹלֹת). Ib. LXXI, 4. Targ. Job XIII, 7 Ms. (ed. שקר). pretext Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵃ bot. ע׳ את בעי you want a pretext; Y. Kil. IX, 32ᶜ top עִילְתָה (fem.).—Pl. עִילִין. Targ. Ps. LXIV, 7 (h. text עוֹלֹת).—[עִילָא f. h., v. עִילָה.] ↗ expanded

עִילָא 3 pr. n. m., v. עוּלָא II ↗ expanded

עִילָאָה (v. עֵילָא) high, uppermost; Most High. Targ. Ps. LVII, 3. Targ. Is. XIV, 14 (ed. Wil. עִילָאִי, corr. acc.; ed. Lag. עִילַי); a. fr.—Y. Maas. Sh. V, 56ᶜ top גלילא ע׳ Upper Galilee; Snh. 11ᵇ (not גלילאה). Sot. 40ᵃ יתקלס ע׳ the Most High will be praised. Pes. 76ᵃ, a. e. ע׳ גבר, v. גְּבַר I; a. fr.—[Targ. Ps. LVIII, 3 some ed., v. עִילָא II.—Targ. Y. Gen. II, 22 עלאה, ed. Amst., v. עִלְעָא.]—Pl. עִילָאֵי, עִילָיֵיא, עִלָ׳ Targ. Y. Gen. I, 6 (I ed. Vien. עִלָּ׳). Targ. Ps. CIV, 13 (ed. Wil. עִלַאי sing., ref. to בית); a. e.—B. Mets. 107ᵇ קוצו ע׳ וכ׳ cut down the trees on the upper and on the lower river banks, then I shall cut mine. Ib. 108ᵃ תתאי מסייעי ע׳ those below must assist those above (in felling the trees). Lam. R. to I, 16; IV, 19; Y. Succ. V, 55ᵇ, v. אַרְעָאָה. Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵈ top דִּלָא שלח ע׳ לא שלח ארעייה for if he does not take off the upper socks, he cannot take off the lower ones (hence they are considered as if sewed together); a. fr.—Fem. עִילִיתָא; pl. עִילְיָיתָא, עִילְיָתָא. B. Mets. 116ᵇ עִלְיָיתָא אתבור (Ms. M. עִילְיָתָא איתבר, corr. acc.) the uppermost bricks were broken, v. חֲבָטָא. ↗ expanded

עילבו , Yalk. Deut. 940 גנבין ליה ע׳, v. עַנְּבָא ↗ expanded

עִילָה (עָלַל; cmp. בִּילָה fr. בָּלַל) [going about, bringing about; cmp. סִיבָּה end,] circumstance, cause; pretext. Keth. 20ᵇ ע׳ מצאו וטהרו וכ׳ they found some (paltry) reason to declare clean a spot in the land of Israel; Naz. 65ᵇ עילא; [Rashi: עילא = עילעא rib of a human body]. Y. Keth. III, end, 28ᵃ מצאתי ע׳ לשחררו I have found an opportunity to set him free. Y. Ter. X, 47ᵇ; Y. Ab. Zar. II, 42ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) על ידי ע׳, v. זְבִינְתָּא. Gen. R. s. 20; s. 45; s. 63 ואף היא על ידי ע׳ and even this in a round-about way (indirectly); a. e. crookedness, insidiousness, falsehood. Eduy. V, 7 שמא ע׳ מצאת בי (Mish. ed. עַוְלָה; Ms. M. עָוֶל) hast thou found any falsehood in me? Pesik. R. s. 28 נפלו עליהם בע׳ they turned against them with insidiousness.—V. עֲלִילָה. ↗ expanded

עִילָוֵי pl. constr. (v. עֵיל) above, upon, around. Targ. Ps. LV, 11. Targ. O. Gen. XXVIII, 13 עִילָווֹהִי (ed. Vien. עִלָּ׳; ed. Berl. עִילָּ׳; Y. עִילוֹי). Targ. Y. II, Num. XXIV, 16 עִילַוֵּיה. Targ. I Sam. XIII, 11 מֵעִילַוַּי (not … וִי); a. fr.—Ḥull. 8ᵇ: 111ᵃ ע׳ בישרא on top of meat. Keth. 99ᵃ דליפשו שטרי עִילַוַּאי that many notes should circulate against me; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִילּוּי (עָלָה) going up; elevation. Cant. R. to III, 6; VIII, 5 עִילּוּיָהּ מהמדבר her (Israel’s) rise dates from the desert; (Tanḥ. Sh’moth 14 עלייה). Tanḥ. B’ḥuck. 3 (ref. to ויקח, Gen. II, 15) אין ויקח אלא לשון ע׳ ‘he took’ has the meaning of elevation (with ref. to Gen. XII, 15), v. עָלָה Pi.; a. e. valuation, value. Y. Naz. II, 51ᵈ bot. אמר לאדם עִילּוּייוֹ עלי (not עילויין) if one says pointing at a man, I vow his value (instead of ערכו, v. סִידּוּר I). Arakh. VIII, 7; Tem. VII, 3 הקדש ע׳, v. הֶקְדֵּישׁ. Ib. 32ᵃ הקדש ע׳ לבית המקדש consecration of value to be applied to the repair of the Temple. Sifra B’ḥuck., Par. 4, ch. X אין מוסיפין … על עִילּוּיוֹ של זה we do not demand an addition of one-fifth over this man’s valuation (offer); Yalk. Lev. 677 עיליו (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עִילּוּיָא rise, improved stage. Ber. 36ᵃ אית ליה ע׳ אחרינא בפת (flour) is capable of a still higher stage by being made into bread; לית ליה ע׳ אחרינא (oil) has no higher stage. Ib. 35ᵇ דאשתני לע׳ (wine) which has changed (from grapes) to a higher stage. Y. Ab. Zar. V, 44ᵈ, v. יַקִּיר ch. valuation. Targ. Job XXVIII, 13. Targ. Y. Lev. XXVII, 2 (ed. Vien. עִילוֹי); ib. 3 (ed. Vien. עֲלוֹיֵיה; ib. 4, sq. עֲלוֹיָהּ, עִילוֹיָהּ, corr. acc.).—B. Bath. 12ᵇ מעלינן ליה ע׳ וכ׳ (Ms. M. מעלינן עליה וכ׳) we value it as high as &c. Kidd. 42ᵇ פלוג בע׳ they divided the estate according to value, opp. במשחתא by measure (irrespective of value). the best thing. Keth. 50ᵇ עילוייא דאב, v. עְלִיָּה. ↗ expanded

עִילּוּיי , v. preced. ↗ expanded

עִילַי , v. עִילָאָה ↗ expanded

עיליו , Yalk. Lev. 677, v. עִילּוּי. ↗ expanded

עִילָיֵיא , pl. of עִילָאָה. ↗ expanded

עִילְיָין , pl. of עִילִיתָא II. ↗ expanded

עִילִישׁ ʿIlish. B. Bath. 133ᵇ. Gitt. 45ᵃ ↗ expanded

עִילִיתָא 1 (v. עִילָא II) falsehood, wrong. Targ. Job XXIV, 20 ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. עִילְתָא; h. text עַוְלָה). Ib. XV, 16, v. עַוְלְתָא. ↗ expanded

עִילִיתָא 2 (עֲלֵי) = h. עֲלִיָּה, upper chamber, loft; upper story. Targ. Jud. III, 23, sq.; a. fr.—Constr. עִילִית, עִלִית, עֲלִיַת, עֲלִיַית. Ib. 20. Targ. II Kings XXIII, 12. Targ. II Sam. XIX, 1; a. e.—B. Mets. 14ᵃ זבין עי׳ וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. עלי׳) bought an upper story of his sister. Gen. R. s. 99 ע׳ קרירתא the summer chamber (Jud. III, 20). Pes. 114ᵃ, v. קָקוּלָא; a. fr.—ע׳ דדינרי a roomful of Denars, a certain amount of money. B. Bath. 133ᵇ.—Pl. עִילְיָן, עִלְיָין; עִילְיָתָא, עֲלִיָתָא. Targ. Jer. XXII, 14. Targ. II Chr. III, 9; a. e.—B. Bath. l. c. תליסר עִלְיָיאתָא דדינרי thirteen roomfuls of Denars; Sabb. 119ᵃ עִילְיָתָא. v. עִילָאָה ↗ expanded

עִילַּם strong, v. עֲלֵם. ↗ expanded

עִילָם (b. h.) pr. n. Elam (Susiana), south of Assyria (v. Schr. KAT², p. 111). Gen. R. s. 42 ע׳ זה מדי Elam (Gen. XIV, 1) is Media. Snh. 89ᵃ; a. e.—Denom. עֵילָמִי; f. עילָמִית Elamite, Elamitic. Meg. 18ᵃ קראה … ע׳ if he read the Book of Esther in Elamitic.—Pl. m. עֵילָמִים. Ib. עילמית לע׳ (if he read the Book of Esther) in Elamitic to Elamites. ↗ expanded

עִילְעָא , v. sub עִלְ׳. ↗ expanded

עִילְתָא , v. עִילִיתָא ↗ expanded

עִילְתָה pretext, v. עִילָא II. ↗ expanded

עִימָּא , v. אִימָּה II ↗ expanded

עִימְאוּם , v. עִימְעוּם II ↗ expanded

עִימָּה , v. אִימָּה II ↗ expanded

עִימּוּר (denom. of התעמר, Deut. XXIV, 7, v. עָמַר) using as a slave, deriving benefit from a stolen person, service. Snh. 85ᵇ (ref. to Mish. ib. XI, 1) ותנא קמא לא בעי ע׳ does the first named authority not require that, in order to be guilty, the kidnapper must have imposed a slave’s service upon the stolen person? Ib. יש דרך ע׳ בכך וכ׳ is this a sort of service or not? Ib. ותיפוק ליה ליכא ע׳ כלל but this would be no service at all. ↗ expanded

עִימּוּר ² (עָמַר) heaping up, carrying sheaves home. Peah IV, 6 אין השכחה אלא בשעת הע׳ the law concerning the forgotten sheaf begins to be binding only at the time of carrying sheaves home; Sifré Deut. 282. Sabb. 73ᵇ אין ע׳ אלא בגידולי קרקע ʿimmur (as Sabbath labor) applies only to plants. Y. ib. VII, 10ᵃ bot. תולדות הע׳ the secondary labors coming under the category of ʿimmur; a. e. ↗ expanded

עִימְסוֹנִי , v. עִמְסוֹנִי ↗ expanded

עִימְעוּם (עִמְעֵם) obscuring or suppressing the law, irregular measure passed in an emergency. Y. Shebi. VIII, 38ᵃ bot.; Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵈ, a. e. מהלכות של ע׳ one of the regulations passed in an emergency contrary to the real law. Ib. ויש ע׳ לאיסור dare you pass a prohibitory measure contrary to law?; Y. Sabb. I, 3ᶜ bot. (also עִימּוּם). ↗ expanded

עִימְעוּם ² ʿImʿum (Emmaus, v. אִמָּאוּס). Ker. III, 7 (15ᵃ) איטליס של ע׳ Bab. ed. (Mish. אמאום) the bazaar of I.; Macc. 14ᵃ. איטליז של עימאום (early eds. עימעום, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 4). ↗ expanded

עִימְעֵם , v. עָמַם ↗ expanded

עֵימַק , v. עָמְקָא ↗ expanded

עִימְקוּתָא , v. עִמְקוּתָא ↗ expanded

עי"ן , v. עיי"ן ↗ expanded

עַיִן eye, sight, look. Kidd. 24ᵃ בשן וע׳, v. יָצָא. Ib. 24ᵇ הכהו על עֵינוֹ וכ׳ if the master struck him on his eye and made it blind. B. Kam. 83ᵇ (ref. to Ex. XXI, 24) אימא ע׳ ממש may not the text mean that he who injures a person’s eye must really suffer the same injury? Sabb. 108ᵇ bot. יד לע׳ וכ׳ an unwashed hand (in the morning) touching the eye deserves to be cut off. Taan. 8ᵇ סמוי מן הע׳, v. סָמָא. Ib. דבר שאין הע׳ שולטת בו something which the eye cannot look at (being stored away), v. infra; a. v. fr.—[Y. Ned. IX, end, 41ᶜ עשה לה ע׳ של זהב, a corrupt dittography of עשה לה שן של זהב.]—ע׳ טובה (also יפה) a benevolent eye, good will, liberality, opp. ע׳ רעה or עֵין הרע (abbr. עה"ר), also ע׳ צרה ill-will, selfishness, envy. Ab. II, 9. Sabb. 74ᵃ משום ע׳ יפה וכ׳ he intended to show his good will. Tosef. Ḥall. I, 7 שעינו יפה בעיסתו he is liberal with his dough (is glad to give the priest’s portion), opp. עינו צרה. Esth. R. to I, 4 היתה עינו צרה בממונו he was jealous of his wealth (unwilling to leave it to his heirs to be enjoyed by them). Ab. V, 13 עינו רצה בשל אחרים he is illiberal with regard to other people’s money (begrudges them the privilege of giving charity), ע׳ רעה בשלו he is illiberal with his own money (is too greedy to afford himself the pleasure of giving charity). Ib. II, 11, v. יֵצֶר; a. fr.—צַר ע׳ (= רַע ע׳) selfish, opp. טוב ע׳ liberal, selfless. Sabb. 108ᵇ שדורי … צר ע׳ אנא I send you (the salve), lest you say that I am selfish. Sot. 38ᵇ אפי׳ העופות מכירין בצָרֵי ע׳ even birds recognize selfish men. Ib. כל הנהנה מצרי ע׳ וכ׳ he who accepts benefits from self-seeking men, transgresses a law (ref. to Prov. XXIII, 6). Ib. אין … לטוב ע׳ the cup of benediction must be handed to none but an unselfish person (with ref. to Prov. XXII, 9); a. e.—Esp. ע׳ רעה, עֵין הרע (abbrev. עה"ר), or only עַיִן, the evil eye, an envious glance that brings harm to the person looked at, bewitchment. B. Mets. 107ᵇ (ref. to Deut. VII, 15) זו ע׳ that means the effect of an evil eye. Ib. תשעים … בע׳ רעה וכ׳ ninety-nine persons die of an evil eye against one in the natural course. Gen. R. s. 91 שלא תשלוט בכם עה"ר that the evil eye may have no power over you. Ib. לא הייתם … מפני הע׳ were you not afraid of the evil eye? Ber. 20a ע׳ שלא … אין עה"ר שולטת בי no evil eye can affect him whose eye refused to feed on what was not his (to look at the charms of a married woman); a. fr.—שקל ע׳ בע׳ to balance the scales exactly, to allow no overweight (v. עוּן, a. כָּרַע). B. Bath. V, 11; a. fr.—בע׳ visible to the eye, discernible; in natural form. Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵃ אע"פ ששחוקין בעֵינָן הן although they are ground, they are still discernible. Ib. אם בעַיְינָן הן if they are in their natural form (not mashed); a. fr.—כְּעֵין like the appearance of, similar to, a sort of (cmp. גַּוָּון). Ib.ᵇ כל שהוא כע׳ סולת וכ׳ whatever resembles a pudding or dumpling. Ber. 58ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) מלכותא דארעא כע׳ וכ׳ the government on earth is like the government in heaven (inspires reverence); a. fr.—מֵעֵין a reflection of, of the nature of; an abstract of. Snh. 105ᵇ (ref. to the preposition מ in I Kings I, 47) מע׳ קאמר ליה he means, ‘as a reflection’ (of thy name, thy throne). Ib. (ref. to Jud. V, 24) מע׳ קאמר it means ‘similar to’ (the blessings of Sarah &c.). Ber. IV, 3 מע׳ י"ח an abstract of the eighteen benedictions. Y. ib. 8ᵃ bot. שבע מע׳ י"ח seven benedictions embodying the eighteen. Ib. VI, 10ᵇ ברכה אחת מע׳ שלש one benediction embodying the three. Gen. R. s. 11, a. e., v. דּוּגְמַטְרִין.—Du. עֵינַיִים, עֵינַיִם. Bekh. VII, 4 עֵינָיו גדולות וכ׳ if his (the priest’s) eyes are as large as those of a calf. Ib. 3. Ber. 58ᵃ, a. e. נתן עיניו בו וכ׳ he put his eyes on him, and he was turned into a heap of bones. Y. Hor. III, end, 48ᶜ נתנו עֵינֵיהֶן בשמואל וכ׳ they directed their attention to Samuel &c.; a. fr.—אחז את הע׳, v. אָחַז. anything resembling the eye, hole, ring &c. Kel. VIII, 7 ע׳ של תנור the ‘eye’ of an oven (the fire-place under the oven, Maim.; the opening for the escape of the smoke, which may be closed to retain the heat, R. S.). Ib. IX, 8 תנור שניקב מעינו an oven in the eye of which is a defect. Ib. XXI, 2 ע׳ the ring-shaped pad around an animal’s neck (a halter of soft material). Ib. ע׳ של מתכת a metal hame (cmp. עוֹנָתָא). Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. I, 7 העיין שבמצעד the ring attached to an adze; a. fr. spring, well. Keth. I, 10; a. fr.—[Frequ. עֵין in pr. n. pl., as ע׳ סוכר, ע׳ טב; v. respective determinants]. ↗ expanded

עַיִן ² eye, sight &c. Targ. Lev. XXIV, 20. Targ. O. Ex. XXII, 2. Ib. X, 5; a. fr.—Ḥull. 96ᵃ, a. fr. טביעות ע׳, v. טְבִיעוּתָא.—בע׳ (v. preced.) discernible, in natural form. Pes. 75ᵃ top בְּעֵינֵיה, v. קִיּוּהָא.—כְּעֵין, מֵעֵין, v. preced. Targ. Deut. XXXIII, 28. Targ. Josh. XXIV, 27; a. e.—ע׳ בישא (or only ע׳) evil eye. Targ. Y. Gen. XLII, 5.—Ber. 20ᵃ. Pes. 50ᵇ שלטא בהו ע׳ the eye controls them (they cannot be hidden from sight; v. Taan. 8ᵇ, quot. in preced.). B. Mets. 30ᵃ משום ע׳ (Ms. M. ע׳ בישא) because it attracts the (evil) eye; a. v. fr.—Ned. 50ᵃ the ram (figure-head, v. אֵילָא) דכל ספינתא עבדין ליה מן ע׳ which all ships have attached (as a protection) from the evil eye (and which the losers paid a high price for redeeming; cmp. Sm. Ant. s. v. Insigne) [comment. explain differently].—Pl. עֵינִין, עַיְינִין. Targ. Gen. III, 6; a. fr. ring, collar; hole. M. Kat. 10ᵃ בת עינא (he cuts out) the hole for the hopper, v. כָּבַשׁ.—Pl. as ab. Targ. Hos. X, 10, v. עוֹנָתָא [guide,] guide-post on cross-roads (only in pl.). Targ. O. Gen. XXXVIII, 14 פרשות ע׳; ib. 21 ע׳ (ed. Berl. עֵינַיִם, as pr. n. pl.; Y. סכות ע׳). spring, well. Targ. Gen. XVI, 7; a. fr.—Targ. Y. I Ex. XV, 27 ענווא (some ed. עניא, read: עֵינָא or עַיְינָא).—Pl. עַיְינִין, עֵינָוָון, עֵינָוָן, עֵינְוָתָא; עֵינָתָא. Targ. Y. I, II ib. Targ. II Chr. XXXII, 3. Ib. 4 עַיְינָוָתָא. Targ. Y. I Num. XXXIV, 9, sq. (טירת) עֵינְוָותָא pr. n. pl. Ṭirath ‘Envatha (h. text חצר עינן); Targ. Y. II ib. (דירת) עַיְינוּתָא, v. עַיְנוּתָא.—Bekh. 55ᵃ sq. והאיכא עינתא מידליין but are there not springs higher than the Euphrates? ↗ expanded

עֵינָב , v. עֵנָב, עִנְּבָא. ↗ expanded

עֵינְבּוּל ‘En-Bul. Ḥull. 57ᵇ מעשה בענב׳; Tosef. Ohol. II, 6 בעין בול. Bekh. 39ᵇ מעשה בעינבול באחד וכ׳ (not בעינבל אחד) it happened at ‘En Bul with one &c.; (Tosef. ib. IV, 6 מעשה באחד). Tosef. Nidd. V, 14. ↗ expanded

עִינְבּוֹל (dimin. of עֵנָב; v. אִנְבּוֹל) clapper of a bell. Kel. XIV, 4 ענבול ed. Dehr. (ed. ענבל). Sabb. 58ᵇ עינבל; a. fr.—Pl. עִינְכּוֹלִין, עִינְבָּלִין, עִנְ׳. Ib. ניטלו עִינְבָּלֵיהֶן if their clappers are gone; (Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. I, 13 אנבילים, אנביליהן, v. אִנְבּוֹל).—[Bekh. 39ᵇ, v. preced.] ↗ expanded

עֵינַבְתָּא , v. עֵנַבְתָּא ↗ expanded

עֵינָה (v. עַיִן) affection of the eye; well, flux, v. עוֹנָה III, IV. ↗ expanded

עִינּוּג (עָנַג) pleasure, sweetness. Cant. R. to IV, 11 הקורא מקרא בעִינּוּגוֹ ובניגונו he who reads a Bible verse so as to bring out its sweetness and its melodious sound. Koh. R. to II, 8 אלו האגדות שהן ענוגו של מקרא (some ed. ענוגי, read. עִנּוּגִין pl.) that means the ăgadoth (v. אֲגָדָה) which are the delightful part of Biblical interpretation. Ib. עִנּוּגָן של ישראל the enjoyment of Israel (in the Holy Land; Yalk. ib. 968 תענוגה של ארץ ישראל).—Pl. עִינּוּגִין, עִנּ׳, v. supra. ↗ expanded

עֵינָיָון , pl. of עֵינָא. ↗ expanded

עִינְוָון , v. sub ענ׳. ↗ expanded

עִינּוּי (עָנָה I) chorus of lamentation, dirge. M. Kat. III, 9 (ref. to מְעַנּוֹת ib.) איזהו ע׳ וכ׳ when is a lamentation called ʿinnuy? When all begin at once, contrad. to קינה, when one speaks and the chorus responds. ↗ expanded

עִינּוּי ² (עָנָה II) delay, postponement. Ab. V, 8 ע׳ הדין delay in executing judgment, contrad. to עוות; Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXXVIII; Sabb. 33ᵃ affliction, oppression; suffering. Mekh. Mishp. s. 18 (ref. to ענה תענה, Ex. XXII, 22) אחד ע׳ מרובה וכ׳ whether a great oppression (effecting a great loss), or a small oppression; Yalk. Ex. 349. Yoma 74ᵇ ע׳ בידי שמים a divine affliction; ע׳ בידי אדם an affliction at the hands of men. Sifré Deut. 130 (ref. to Deut. XVI, 3) it is called ‘bread of misery’ with reference to the affliction which they suffered in Egypt; a. fr.—Esp. (with or without נפש) self-affliction, mortification of the flesh. Yoma l. c. (ref. to Lev. XVI, 31) ע׳ שיש בו אבידת נפש an affliction with which a loss of vitality is connected (v. אֲבֵידָה). Ib. (ref. to Deut. VIII, 3) מה להלן ע׳ רעבון וכ׳ as there affliction means suffering through lack of food, so here &c. Ib. 77ᵃ רחיצה דאקרי ע׳ that abstention from bathing is called a privation. Ned. XI, 1 נדרי ע׳ נפש, v. נֶדֶר; a. fr.—Pl. עִינּוּיִים, עִינּוּיִין, עִנּ׳. Yoma 76ᵃ הני חמשה ע׳ וכ׳ those five deprivations (on the Day of Atonement)—what do they correspond to? כנגד חמשה ע׳ שבתורה to the five afflictions (fivefold use of ענה) in the Biblical text; Y. ib. VIII, 44ᵈ top כנגד ששה ע׳ וכ׳ corresponding to the six afflictions &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

עִינּוּיָא ch. = עִינּוּי I. Targ. Jer. IX, 19 (h. text קינה). Targ. Mic. II, 4 עִינּוּיֵיה (not עינוייא, ed. Lag.; oth. ed. עִינִּיתֵיה). ↗ expanded

עִינּוּיָא ² ch. = עִינּיּי II. Targ. Lam. III, 19. ↗ expanded

עִינּוּן (denom. of עוֹנֵן, v. עוּן) conjuring. Y. Sabb. VII, 9ᶜ bot.; Y. Snh. VII, 24ᶜ top העונן (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עִינְוָן , v. עֶנְוָן ↗ expanded

עֵינָוָן , v. עֵינָא ↗ expanded

עַיְנוּתָא (v. עֵינָא) well, spring. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXXIV, 11 (Y. I עֵינְוָותָא). Targ. Y. ib. 15; a. e.—Pl. עֵינְוָותָא, עִינְוָתָא, עֵינָוָון, עֵינָוָן, v. עֵינָא. ↗ expanded

*עֵינוּתָא (v. עֵינָא 3) street-corner. Targ. Prov. VII, 8 Var. ed. Lag. a. oth. ed. (ed. Lag. פִּינִּיתָהּ; ed. Wil. פִּנְּתָהּ; h. text פִּנָהּ). ↗ expanded

עִינְוְתָן , v. sub ענו׳. ↗ expanded

עֵינְטַב , v. טַב III ↗ expanded

עֵינָיו , v. עֵנָב ↗ expanded

עִינְיָין , v. sub עִנְיָ׳. ↗ expanded

עִינִּיתָא , v. עִינּוּיָא I.—[Lam. R. to IV, 18 עיניתיה some ed., v. עוניתא.] ↗ expanded

עֵינָן ʿEnan (Springs). Targ. Y. I Num. XXXIV, 11 (Y. II עינותא; h. text עַיִן). ↗ expanded

עִינְקָא , v. עִנְקָא ↗ expanded

עִינְתָא , v. עַנְתָא ↗ expanded

עִיסְבָּא , v. עִסְבָּא ↗ expanded

עִיסָה (עסס) started dough (contrad. to בצק risen dough), quantity of flour used for one person’s meal. Erub. 83ᵇ כמה עִיסַת המדבר how much is the ʿisah of the desert? Makhsh. II, 8 פת ע׳ bread made of started dough (of pure flour), opp. פת קיבר. Tosef. Ḥall. I, 4 העושה ע׳ לאוכלה בבצק if one starts dough with the intention to eat it as dough when it is risen. Y. ib. II, end, 58ᵈ דרך ע׳ the way dough is made (of pure flour). Ib. עִיסָתוֹ מרובה his (the baker’s) dough is a large quantity. Ib. עינה יפה בעִיסָתָהּ, v. עַיִן; a. v. fr.—Pl. עִיסוֹת. Erub. l. c. (ref. to Num. XV, 20) כדי עִיסוֹתֵיכֶם a quantity large enough for your dough (for immediate use); וכמה עיסותיכם וכ׳ and how large is that quantity? As much as the ʿisa of the desert. Ab. Zar. 68ᵃ. Sot. 30ᵃ; a. fr.—Trnsf. a) the human body, sensuality. Lev. R. s. 13, v. נָשַׁף. Ber. 17ᵃ גלוי … ומי מעכב שאור שבע׳ it is revealed and known to thee, that it is our will to do thy will, and what prevents it? The leaven in the dough (the fermenting passion). Gen. R. s. 34 (ref. to Gen. VIII, 21) עלובה היא הע׳ שנחתומה וכ׳ it is poor dough which the baker (that sells it) declares to be bad; a. e.—b) a mixed family, a family suspected of containing an alien admixture, ʿisah, (opp. סולת נקיה, v. סֹלֶת). Y. Keth. I, 25ᵈ top; Tosef. Kidd. V, 2 איזוהי ע׳ (כשירה) כל וכ׳ what ʿisah is it the issue of which is admitted to priesthood? In which there is no suspicion of an admixture of n’thinim &c.; Keth. 14ᵃ איזוהי אלמנת ע׳ (strike out אלמנת, v. Tosaf. a. l.). Tosef. l. c. מפני מה אמרו ע׳ פסולה וכ׳ why, then, has it been declared that a woman of an ʿisah family is prohibited from marrying into priesthood? Because suspected ḥălalim (v. חָלָל II) are mixed up with it. Eduy. VIII, 3, a. fr. אלמנת ע׳ the widow of one belonging to an ʿisah family. Ib. ע׳ כשירה לטמא וכ׳ a member of an ʿisah family may serve (through intermarriage) to make clean as well as to make unclean, v. מִקְוֶה; a. fr.—Yalk. Deut. 808 עמדו … וערבו את הע׳ (not וערכו) the daughters of Lot arose and mixed the dough (had incestuous intercourse). ↗ expanded

עִיסּוּק (עָסַק) doing, management. Lev. R. s. 13 אברהם ראה … בעִיסּוּקָן Abraham (in his vision, Gen. XV, 9 sq.) beheld the empires typically represented by their doings (policy). Y. Ber. IV, 7ᵇ bot. צא שעה אחת לעִיסּוּקוֹ deduct one hour for the work of preparing the sacrifice; Y. Pes. V, 31ᶜ, sq. Y. Sabb. V, end, 7ᶜ שור שעיסוקו רע an ox hard to manage. Y. Sot. IX, 23ᶜ bot. מצות ע׳ מדידה the law demanding the act of measuring (even if there be no doubt as to the nearest place, Deut. XXI, 2); (Bab. ib. 45ᵃ; Snh. 14ᵇ לַעֲסוֹק במדידה). ↗ expanded

עִיסּוּרְיָתָא (עֲסַר) divisions of ten. Targ. O. Deut. I, 15; Ex. XVIII, 21 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. a. Y. עִישּׂוֹ׳). arrangement of tenth portions in succession. Ned. 39ᵇ כעיש׳ דבי רבי like the arrangement in the house of Rabbi (that the first daughter gets one-tenth of the estate, the second one-tenth of the remainder and so on). (of coins) decades, groups of tens. B. Mets. 64ᵃ top בע׳ וחומשייתא (a reasonable mistake is) a mistake in decades or in fives (where you count by tens or fives). ↗ expanded

עִיסָיוֹת , v. עָסוּת ↗ expanded

עִיסְקָא , constr. עֵיסַק, v. עִסְקָא ↗ expanded

עִיסֻּרְיָתָא , v. עִיסּוּרְ׳ ↗ expanded

עָיֵף fainting, wearied; exhausted. Pesik. Zakhor, p. 28ᵃ (ref. to Deut. XXV, 18) ע׳ בצמא faint from thirst; Tanḥ. Ki Thetse 10; a. e.—Pl. עֲיֵפִים, עֲיֵפִין, עֲיֵי׳. Ex. R. s. 19 מפני שהיו ע׳ מן הריח because they were fainting from the smell (of the Passover sacrifice). (= יָגֵעַ) hard-working, industrious. Snh. 94ᵇ (ref. to Is. VIII, 23) אין נמסר עַם ע׳ בתורה ביד מי המציק לו the people (of Judah) that studies the Law with painstaking shall not be delivered into the hands of him who distresses it. ↗ expanded

עִיף 1 (v. preced.) weariness. Targ. Job VII, 11 Ms. (ed. עקת). ↗ expanded

עִיף 2 to bend, double. Targ. Ex. XXVI, 9 ותְעוּף Ms. I (Ms. II ותְעִיף; O. ed. Berl. a. Y. ותֵיעוֹף; oth. ed. ותָעֵיף Af.).—Part. pass. (עֵיף) עִיף. Ib. XXVIII, 16; XXXIX, 9 (Y. ed. Vien. עֵיף).—Ber. 56ᵃ, v. חָסָא I. Ḥull. 51ᵇ עִיף מֵיעַף Ar. (Alf. עָיֵיף מיעף; ed. עוף ומעופף) if the cloak is well folded. Pa. עַיֵּיף to double, fold. Keth. 67ᵇ עַיְּיפִינְהוּ וכ׳ he doubled them (his gifts) and sent them to him. Sabb. 134ᵃ ולְעַיֵּיף ליה לעילאי (not ועייף; Rashi ולעַפְפֵיה; Ms. Rashi וליכייפיה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10) let him bend the border upward. Erub. 96ᵇ אדעתא … עייפינהו he doubled them with the intention of making borders to a cloak. Men. 42ᵃ; a. e. Af. אָעֵיף same, v. supra. Pol. עוֹפֵף , v. עֲפַף ↗ expanded

עֵיפָא 1 (preced.) cover, veil. Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 65 (h. text צעיף); a. e. ↗ expanded

עֵיפָא 2 ʿEfa, v. חֵיפָא III. ↗ expanded

עִיפּוּי (עפה = עיף, v. עֲפֵי I) junction, combination; [oth. opin. weariness]. Ḥag. 15ᵃ, v. עוֹרֶף. ↗ expanded

עִיפּוּשָׁא (עֲפַשׁ) mouldering. Pes. 40ᵃ אכיל נהמא דע׳ he eats mouldy bread. ↗ expanded

עִיץ , v. עוּץ ↗ expanded

עֵיצָא , v. עֵצָא, עֵצָה. ↗ expanded

עִיצְבָּא , v. עוּצְבָּא II ↗ expanded

עִיצּוּם (עָצַם) strength. Lam. R. to III, 4 (expl. עצמותי, ib.) [read:] עִיצּוּמִי בָּנַי שהיו כבני העצומים (he broke) my strength, that is, my sons who were like the sons of the mighty. essence, self. Sabb. 86ᵇ; Yalk. Ex. 278 (ref. to זכור את וכ׳, Ex. XIII, 3, a. XX, 8) מה להלן בעִיצּוּמוֹ של יום וכ׳ as there the word was delivered on the selfsame day (of the exodus), so it was here on the selfsame day (on a Sabbath day). Yoma 81ᵃ (ref. to בעצם, Lev. XXIII, 30) על עיצומו של יום וכ׳ labor on the day itself is punished with extinction (contrad. to תוספת). Men. 68ᵇ, a. e. pl. עִיצּוּמִים, עִיצּוּמִין, עִצּ׳ (cmp. אַסְמַכְתָּא) surety, a promise made with the condition of a forfeit in case of failure to fulfill it. Y. B. Bath. X, 17ᶜ bot. ע׳ … גבי R. A. decided a promise of forfeit to be collectible. Y. Gitt. V, 47ᵇ, [read as:] Y. B. Bath. l. c. אע"ג דלית לר׳ יוסי גבי ע׳ … דאינון גביי וכ׳ although R. J. declares ʿitsumim not to be collectible, he admits that they are collectible in the case of those who indenture their sons to a trade, because the livelihood of men requires such a measure. ↗ expanded

עִיצּוּר (עָצַר) closing up (of the womb), obstruction of orifices. Gen. R. s. 41; Yalk. ib. 69.—V. עֲצִירָה. ↗ expanded

עִיצּוּר ² (עֲצַר) wine pressing. Targ. Is. XVI, 10 (h. text הידד). grapes to be pressed.—Pl. עִיצּוּרִין, עִצּ׳. Ib. ed. Lag. (oth. ed. עָצוֹרִין, v. עָצוֹרָא). Targ. Jer. XLVIII, 33. pl. as ab. grape-shells. Targ. O. Num. VI, 4 (h. text זג). ↗ expanded

עִיצְיָא = h. עָצֶה, backbone. Targ. Y. II, Lev. III, 9 (ed. Vien. עֵיצַיָּא). ↗ expanded

עֵיצְתָא , v. עֵצָא ↗ expanded

עָיֵק , v. עוּק ↗ expanded

עיָק (עוּק) narrowness, anguish. Targ. O. Ex. VI, 9 עֲיַק רוחא (ed. Berl. עַיַק; ed. Vien. מַעְיַק). Targ. Ps. XXXI, 10 (ed. Wil. עַיִק), v. עוּק ch. ↗ expanded

עָיְקָא (preced.), constr. עַיְקַת, narrow, sorrowful. Targ. I Sam. I, 15 (ed. Lag. a. oth. עָקַת). Targ. Is. LIV, 6. ↗ expanded

עָיְקָא ² (preced.) oppressor, enemy.—Pl. עָיְקִין, עָיְי׳. Targ. Y. Num. XXV, 18 (ed. Vien. עַיְי׳). ↗ expanded

עִיקְבָא , v. עִקְבָא ↗ expanded

עִיקָה (עוּק) depression; עִיקַת נפש mourning. Gen. R. s. 94, a. e., v. חֲלוּקָה.—Tosef. Toh. X, 3, v. עִקָּל. ↗ expanded

עִיקּוּל , v. עִקָּל ↗ expanded

עִיקּוּלָא , pl. עִיקּוּלֵי, (עֲקַל) עִקּ׳ curves, small bays. Keth. 97ᵃ איגלאי … בע׳ הוו קיימי it turned out that the ship (carrying provisions) was waiting in the bays (until the high water would subside, and it could go to harbor). Ab. Zar. 34ᵇ התם ע׳ ופשורי איכא there (along the coast from Tyre to Accho) are bays (formed by protruding rocks) and shallow waters caused by melting snows. ↗ expanded

עִיקּוּם (עָקַם) curve.—Pl. עִיקּוּמִים, עִקּ׳. Gen. R. s. 41, beg, v. סִיקוֹסִים II. ↗ expanded

עִיקּוּמָא , crookedness, perverseness. Targ. Prov. IV, 24. Ib. VIII, 8. ↗ expanded

עִיקּוּר (עָקַר) uprooting, tearing loose. Y. Shebi. V, 35ᵇ bot., v. דִּיכּוּן. Ib. כעיקר (corr. acc.).—Esp. ע׳ סימנים, or ע׳ tearing loose the windpipe and gullet before cutting, looseness of &c. (v. סִימָן). Ḥull. 44ᵃ. Ib. 9ᵃ; 27ᵃ; a. fr.—3) mutilation, hamstringing; unfitting. Ab. Zar. 11ᵃ ע׳ שיש בו טריפה a mutilation which affects the vitality of the animal; ואיזהו ע׳ שאין וכ׳ and what mutilation does not affect &c.?, v. נָשַׁר; ib. 13ᵃ; Tosef. Sabb. VII (VIII), 20; a. fr.—Bekh. 53ᵃ; Yoma 66ᵃ, a. e. (ref. to בהמה תיעקר, ib.) ואי זה הוא ע׳ נועל וכ׳ what kind of ʿiḳḳur is meant? He locks the door before the animal and lets it die of itself.—Pl. עִיקּוּרִים, עִיקּוּרִין, עִיקּוּרוֹת, עִקּ׳ plucking, harvest (of leguminous plants). Snh. 65ᵇ לימודי … עִיקּוּרֵי קיטניות מהיות רעות (Rashi עקרי) it is usual in ante-Sabbatical years … for the harvests of leguminous plants (of peas &c.) not to be bad (v. לִימּוּד); Yalk. Deut. 918 עוקרי קוטניות מחיות (corr. acc.); Sifré Deut. 171 עֲקִירוֹת קטנות להיות רעות for the small harvests to be bad; Tosef. Sabb. VII (VIII), 14 ועִקּוּרוֹת קיטניות ed. Zuck. (Var. עקודות, קטנות); Sifra K’dosh., Par. 3, ch. VI עקורות קטניות. ↗ expanded

עִיקֵּל (עָקַל) bandy-legged. Bekh. VII, 6 (45ᵃ), v. נָקַשׁ; Sifra Emor, ch. II, Par. 3 עִיקְלָן; Tosef. Bekh. V, 9 עִקְלָן. ↗ expanded

עֵיקֶל , v. עִקָּל ↗ expanded

עִיקְלָא , v. עִקְלָא ↗ expanded

עִיקְלָן , v. עִיקֵּל ↗ expanded

עיקמנין , v. עוֹקְמָן ↗ expanded

עִיקָּר (עָקַר) root. Kil. VII, 1 הע׳ השני the second root (that of the slip, v. אַרְכּוּבָה); a. fr.—Pl. עִיקָּרִים, עִיקָּרִין, עִקָּ׳. Ib. 2 ועִקָּרֵיהֶם נראין and the roots of the sets are visible. Sabb. XIV, 3 כוס ע׳ root-drink (a medicine for gonorrhœa). Tosef. Yeb. VIII, 4 האיש … כוס ע׳ שלא יוליד a man must not take a root-drink for the purpose of becoming impotent. Sabb. l. c. שמן ע׳ oil in which roots have been soaked. Y. Shek. VI, beg. 49ᶜ שבו שולקין את הע׳ (oil) in which they boiled the roots (for frankincense); Hor. 11ᵇ; Kerith. 5ᵃ משלק בו הע׳. Ib.Kerith. 5ᵃ משלק בו הע׳. Ib. והלא לסוך הע׳ אינו סופק but there was not even oil enough to oint the roots (much less to soak them). Pesik. Par., p. 40ᵇ; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 8, a. e. מביאין ע׳ ומעשנין וכ׳ they get certain roots (and kindle them), and let the smoke rise under him; a. e.—Trnsf. origin. Keth. 77ᵃ מעִיקָּרוֹ from its origin (shaft), v. חָתַךְ.—עִיקַּר מיטרין, v. מִיטְרִין. essence, reality, main object, chief. Y. R. Hash. III, end, 59ᵃ עיקרו לא נחש הוא (not עיקרה) is not its (the saraf’s) real name naḥash? Snh. 87ᵃ דבר שעיקרו מדברי וכ׳ a thing (law) which in its main aspect is found in the Torah, but the details of which are based on Soferic tradition (v. סוֹפֵר). Y. Sot. VI, 21ᵃ top ע׳ עדותו the main testimony in the case. Ber. 12ᵇ (ref. to Jer. XXIII, 7, sq.) לא שתעקר … אלא שתהא שעבוד מלכיות ע׳ וכ׳ not that the memory of the exodus from Egypt will be entirely effaced, but the delivery from servitude to the empires will be the chief event commemorated, and the exodus from Egypt subordinate to it (v. טָפֵל). Ib. 13ᵃ ישראל ע׳ Israel will be the chief name. Ruth R. to IV, 11, a. e., v. מְסוּבֶּה. Ib. (play on עקרה, Gen. XXIX, 31) ורחל היתה עיקרו … ורחל עֲקָרָה עִיקָּרָה Rachel was his (Jacob’s) main wife, for we read, ‘and Rachel was ʿḳʿăḳarah which means ʿiḳḳarah (the chief); Gen. R. s. 71 רחל היתה עיקרו של בית Rachel was the chief person of the household. Num. R. s. 14 (play on קערת, Num. VII, 61) אל תקרי קערת אלא עִקֶּרֶת … עִקֶּרֶת הבית היא היתה עיקר ביתו וכ׳ read not ḳaʿărath, but ʿiḳḳereth, typical of Rachel who was the chief of the house: she was the chief person &c. Succ. 50ᵇ ע׳ שירה בכלי the chief element in the Temple music is instrumental music; ע׳ שירה בפה the song is the essential element; a. v. fr.—טעם כע׳, v. טַעַם.—כפר בע׳, v. כָּפַר.—לא כל ע׳ not at all. Snh. 22ᵃ לא נשתנה כל ע׳ has not at all been changed. Ex. R. s. 16 אסור ליגע בה כל ע׳ must not touch her at all; a. fr.—[In later Hebr. literature: עִיקָּרִים עִקָּ׳ principles of faith.] ↗ expanded

עִיקָּר ² same. Targ. Job XXIX, 19. Ib. XXVIII, 9 עִיקַּרְהוֹן Ms. (ed. עִקָּרֵיהוֹן, pl.). Ib. XIX, 28. Targ. Ps. XII, 5 כפרין בע׳ (v. כפר); a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 53, end, a. e. על עִיקָּרֵיה, v. זְרַק. B. Mets. 103ᵇ כל עִיקַּר בלמא, v. בְּלָמָא; a. fr.—מֵעִיקָּרָא originally, at first. Ab. Zar. 3ᵇ ומע׳ מאן וכ׳ and originally (ere this) who taught them? Ib. 41ᵃ מע׳ סבור … ולבסוף וכ׳ at first they thought …, but finally &c.; a. v. fr.—Pl. עִיקָּרִין, עִיקָּרַיָּא, עִקָּ׳. Targ. Mic. VI, 2. Targ. Job XXXVI, 30; a. e. a castrated animal. Sabb. 152ᵃ, v. אִיקָא. ↗ expanded

עִיקָּרָה f., v. עִיקָּר h. ↗ expanded

עִיקֵּשׁ , v. עָקוֹשׁ II ↗ expanded

עִיקְתָא 1 (v. עִיקָה) distress, misfortune. Targ. Y. Ex. XXI, 13. Targ. Ps. XVI, 3; a. e.—[Mostly עַקְתָא.] ↗ expanded

עִיקְתָא 2 (עקת, sec. r. of עוק), pl. עִיקְתִין narrows. Targ. Ps. CXVI, 3 (h. text מצרי). ↗ expanded

*עַיִר (= h. עַיִר; v. עוּר; cmp. נַעַר) foal. Targ. Zech. IX, 9.—Pl. עַיְרִין. Targ. Jud. X, 4; v. עִיל. ↗ expanded

עִיר 1 (עוּר) guardian, angel. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXVIII, 8 ולא ירד עמו לא ע׳ ולא שרף וכ׳ ed. Bub. (oth. ed. לא ע׳ ולא קדיש, borrowed from Dan. IV, 10) nor went down with him (Abraham) a guardian, or Seraph, or angel. Ib. to Ps. 1 (play on עיר, Gen. XI, 4) ואין ע׳ אלא אלוה ʿir means a deity (ref. to Dan. l. c.).—Pl. עִירִין. Pes. 33ᵃ (quot. fr. Dan. IV, 14) בגזירת ע׳ וכ׳ by the decree of the guardians (scholars) the word (is established) &c., i.e. they have so decided at college.—[עִיר awake, v. עוּר ch.] ↗ expanded

עִיר 2 [watch-tower, fort,] town, city. B. Kam. 80ᵇ הלוקח ע׳ בארץ וכ׳ he who buys a township in Palestine, is bound by law to buy also the accesses to it on four sides. Snh. 17ᵇ כל ע׳ שאין בה עשרה וכ׳ in a town in which there are not the following ten things (institutions), a scholar is not permitted to live. Snh. I, 6 וכמה יהא בע׳ וכ׳ and how large must the population of a town be, to be fit as a seat for a Sanhedrin? Yoma 20ᵇ הָעִ׳ (Ms. M. רומי) the City of Rome; Pes. 119ᵃ בָּעִ׳ (Ms. M. ברומי) in Rome; a. v. fr.—Pl. עָרִים, עֲיָירוֹת. Tosef. Macc. III (II), 1; Macc. 9ᵇ שלש ע׳ הבדיל וכ׳ Moses set apart three towns (of refuge). Ib. II, 4, a. fr. עָרֵי מקלט, v. מִקְלָט. Meg. I, 1, sq.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֵירָאִין , Kel. XXI, 2 ed. Dehr., v. עֵרָיִין ↗ expanded

עִירְבָא , v. sub ערב׳. ↗ expanded

עֵירַבְרְבִין (reduplic. of עֲרַב I) mixed multitudes. Targ. O. Num. XI, 4 עירברב׳ ed. Berl. (oth. ed. עֲרַ׳, עָרַ׳). Targ. Cant. I, 12 עירברו׳ ed. Lag. (oth. ed. עִרַ׳). ↗ expanded

עִירָה (עָרָה II) thread on the shuttle used for the woof, bobbin. Kel. XXI, 1 ע׳ שאינו עתיד וכ׳ a bobbin which the weaver does not intend to shoot back again. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. I, 4 אִירָה.—Pl. עִירִין. B. Kam. 119ᵇ Ar. (ed. אִירִין, v. Rashi a. l.).—V. אִירָא. ↗ expanded

עירו , v. עירי ↗ expanded

עֵירוּב (עָרַב I) interweaving, mixture, conjunction. Kinn. I, 4 שתי נשים שלקחו … בע׳ two women that bought their birds for sacrifices in common (not designating which of them belonged to the one and which to the other). Mikv. VI, 7 ע׳ מקואות in the case of two bathing reservoirs joined (a connection having formed between them); Ḥag. 21ᵇ; Yeb. 15ᵃ. Y. Pes. III, beg. 29ᵈ על עֵירוּבוֹ for eating leavened matter in a mixture, opp. חמץ ברור; Bab. Pes. 43ᵃ; a. e.—Pl. עֶירוּבִין, עֵר׳. Y. Orl. II, 61ᵈ bot. Y. Bicc. II, 65ᵃ top אין הביכורין … עֵירוּבֵיהֶן וכ׳ first-fruits have no prohibitive effect on mixtures or on what has grown of them as to eating them in Jerusalem. Ib. עֵירוּבֵי בכורים mixtures of first-fruits with common ones; ע׳ מעשר mixtures of tithes with secular fruit.—עירוב פרשיות an interweaving of biblical sections, clauses of one section taken over, for interpretative purposes, to a succeeding section; misplacement. B. Kam. 107ᵃ (ref. to the clause אשר יאמר … שניהם, Ex. XXII, 8) ע׳ פ׳ כתוב כאן וכ׳ here is a misplacement, and the words Ki hu zeh (which intimate that an oath can be administered only when the defendant admits a part of the claim) refer to the subject of loans (Ex. l. c. 24 sq.). Snh. 2ᵇ אי קסבר ע׳ פ׳ … ליבעי נמי מומחין if he adopts the opinion that here is a misplaced clause (and ki hu zeh refers to loans), let him also require authorized, learned judges (אלהים)! ‘Erub, a symbolical act by which the legal fiction of community or continuity is established, e.g. a) with ref. to Sabbath limits (תחומין): a person deposits, before the Sabbath (or the Holy Day), certain eatables to remain in their place over the next day, by which act he transfers his abode to that place, and his movements on the Sabbath are measured from it as the centre; b) with ref. to buildings with a common court (חצירות): the inmates contribute their share towards a dish which is deposited in one of the dwellings, by which act all the dwellings are considered as common to all (one רָשׁוּת), and the carrying of objects on the Sabbath from one to the other and across the court is permitted; c) with ref. to preparing meals (תבשילין) for the Sabbath on a Holy Day occurring on a Friday: a person prepares a dish on Thursday and lets it lie over until the end of the Sabbath, by which fiction all the cooking for the Sabbath which he does on the Holy Day (Friday) is merely a continuation of the preparation begun on Thursday. Erub. III, 2 השולח עֵרוּבוֹ … ביד מי שאינו מודה בע׳ if a person sends his ‘Erub (the eatables to be deposited) through a deaf mute or through one who does not believe in the Erub. (e.g. a Samaritan), אינו ע׳ it is not a legal ‘Erub. Ib. 3 אין ערובו ע׳ his Erub. is not legal. Ib. 5 מתנה אדם על ערובו … עֵרוּבִי וכ׳ a person may make his Sabbath centre conditional (by laying two ‘Erubs on two opposite points) and say, if gentile troops should invade from the east, my Sabbath centre shall be on the western side &c. Ib. VI, 10 נתנו עֵרוּבָן במקום וכ׳ if the inmates of a court placed their ‘Erub (common dish) at a certain place, but one, of the inner or of the outer court, had forgotten to contribute his share. Ib. VII, 9 בתחלת ע׳ when the common dish is in its original state; בשירי ע׳ when there are merely remnants left over. Bets. 15ᵇ מי שהיה לו להניח ערובו וכ׳ he who had the means to prepare and leave a dish on Thursday and does not do it; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Erub. 21ᵇ בשעה שהתקין שלמה ע׳ when Solomon introduced the ‘Erub. Ib. VII, 11 עֵרוּבֵי תחומין ‘Erubs for the purpose of regulating Sabbath limits; ע׳ חצירות for the purpose of regulating the Sabbath movements of inmates of common courts. Yoma 28ᵇ קיים … אפי׳ עירובי תבשילין Abraham observed even the regulations concerning preparations for the Sabbath on a Holy Day preceding it. Bets. l. c. מי שלא היה לו להניח ע׳ תבשילין he who had not the means to prepare a dish on Thursday &c. (v. supra). Gen. R. s. 49 אפי׳ הילכות עירובי חצירות וכ׳ Abraham knew even the laws regulating Sabbath movements among inmates of a court by means of ‘Erub; a. fr.—‘Erubin, name of a treatise, of the Order of Moʿed, of the Mishnah, Tosefta, Talmud Babli and Y’rushalmi. ↗ expanded

עֵירוּבָא mixture of seeds, or copulation of heterogeneous animals (כִּלְאַיִם). Sabb. 139ᵃ כשותא בכרמא ע׳ Ms. M. (ed. עירבובא), v. כָּשׁוּתָא.—Pl. עֵירוּבִין, עֵר׳. Targ. Deut. XXII, 9. Targ. O. Lev. XIX, 19 (Y. עירבובין). Targ. Y. ib. XVI, 3; 5 דלא ע׳ that are no hybrids; a. e.—[Targ. Y. Ex. XXIX, 2 ע׳ דלחים, read: עֲרוּכִין, v. עֲרִיךְ.] (v. preced.) ‘Erub. Ber. 39ᵇ ריפתא דע׳ bread which had been used as an ‘Erub among the dwellers of a court. ‘Erub. 60ᵇ לא מטי לעֵירוּבֵיה may not go to the place where he laid his ‘Erub; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֵירוּבָא ² , pl. constr. עֵירוּבֵי, עֵר׳ (עֲרַב II) darkening. Targ. Ps. CIV, 23 ע׳ שמשא Ms. (ed. רמשא). ↗ expanded

עֵירוּי (עָרָה II) pouring from vessel to vessel, emptying. Y. Maasr. I, end, 49ᵇ ע׳ ככלי ראשון הוא a boiling liquid poured from a vessel is considered like a boiling liquid in the original vessel; Y. Sabb. III, 6 top. Y. Ab. Zar. V, 45ᵃ כל הע׳ מחמת הגוי the emptying of the wine is done entirely by the effort of the gentile; a. e. ↗ expanded

עִירוֹנִי (denom. of עִור II) inhabitant of a country town, provincial. Gen. R. s. 50, end אחד ע׳ ואחד בן המדינה one from a country town and another from a capital. Y. Ned. VII, end, 40ᶜ נראין … בע׳ R. Meïr’s opinion seems acceptable in the case of a provincial (who uses בַּיִת in the sense of the lower rooms, contrad. to עליה). Lev. R. s. 4 משל לע׳ שהיה נשוי וכ׳ like a provincial (commoner) that married a princess; Yalk. Prov. 963 לעירני; a. e.—Pl. עִירוֹנִין, עִירָ׳. Y. Snh. V, 22ᵈ bot. הע׳ הללו those provincials (who do not know the exact date).—Fem. עִירוֹנִית. Lam. R. to IV, 2 ירושלמי שנשא ע׳ when a Jerusalemite married a provincial woman.—Pl. עִירוֹנִיּוֹת, עִירָ׳. Sabb. 80ᵃ בע׳ in the case of provincial women (who may paint both eyes without being indecent).—[Bets. 32ᵃ, v. עִירָנִית I.] ↗ expanded

עֵירוּעַ (עֲרַע I) accident. Targ. I Sam. VI, 9. Ib. XX, 26 (h. text מקרה). ↗ expanded

עֵירוּקָא (עֲרַק) flight. Yeb. 37ᵃ עֵירוּקֵיה מסתייה his flight is enough for him (proving that he will not marry his betrothed before the due time after her first husband’s death). ↗ expanded

עֵירוּר (עוּר Polel) exciting to lamentation, memorial service. Y. M. Kat. I, 80ᵈ top (ref. to לא יעורר, ib. I, 5) איזהו הע׳ וכ׳ what is called erur? She (the wailer) mentions him among the other dead (whom she was invited to lament). ↗ expanded

עירי , Y. Yeb. VIII, 9ᵈ top, v. מושהן ↗ expanded

עִירְיָא , v. עִירִיתָא ↗ expanded

עיריסיות , v. עֲרִיסוּת ↗ expanded

עִירִית (cmp. אִירָא, a. עִירָנִית) a plant with woolly leaves, mullein (Lat. verbascum, v. Sm. Ant., a. Lydd. et Scott Gr. Dict. s. v. φλόμος). Tosef. Shebi. V, 17 (Var. עִידִּית, cmp. אִידָּא, a. אִידָּן). ↗ expanded

עִירִיתָא = h. עֶרְוָה, עֶרְיָה, nakedness, shame. Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 42. Targ. O. Gen. IX, 22, sq. עִירִי׳ ed. Berl. (oth. ed. a. Y. עֶרְיְ׳). Targ. O. Lev. XVIII, 7 עִירְיַת ed. Berl. (oth. ed. a. Y. עֶרְ׳); a. v. fr.—Y. Meg. IV, 75ᶜ (expl. המכנה בעריות, Mish. Meg. IV, 9) בעריי׳ דאבוי ובע׳ דאימיה he who modifies the text speaking of the nakedness of one’s father or mother (Lev. XVIII, 7, by translating ‘weakness’ or ‘disgrace’; v. Bab. Meg. 25ᵃ), v. כָּנָה. ↗ expanded

עִירָנִי , v. עִירוֹנִי ↗ expanded

עירניה , v. next w. ↗ expanded

עִירָנִית 1 (v. אִירָא) = אִירוֹנִית, vessel of white clay. Y. B. Bath. IX, 16ᵈ bot. אפי׳ ע׳ (ed. Krot. עירוניה, corr. acc.) even if the adult heirs added a clay vessel to the estate, the minors have a share in it.—Pl. עִירָנִיּוֹת. Bets. 32ᵃ Ms. M. (ed. ערניות), v. אִירוֹנִית. (in enigmatic speech) light-complexioned, handsome. Erub. 53ᵇ (play on words) נערה אהרונית אחרונית ע׳ והנעירתו, v. אַהֲרוֹנִית, a. נָעַר II; [Rashi, fr. עוּר: wide awake, bright]. ↗ expanded

עִירָנִית 2 , pl. עִירָנִיּוֹת, v. עִירוֹנִי. ↗ expanded

עִירָנִיתָא (v. עִירִית) leaves of mullein used for lamp wicks (φλόμος λυχννῖτις, v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Ellychnium). Y. Sabb. II, beg. 4ᶜ (expl. אִידָּן); v. עַמְרָנִיתָא. ↗ expanded

עִירְרָה (עוּר) [waker,] a sort of clepsydra used in sick rooms. Y. Erub. X, end, 26ᵈ (expl. עֲדָק). V. קוֹקְנִיתָה. ↗ expanded

עַיִשׁ (= b. h.) Ursa Major (?). Targ. Job XXXVIII, 32 Ms. Var. for זַגְתָּא, q. v. ↗ expanded

עִישּׁוּן (עָשֵׁן) raising smoke, burning spices. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ bot. מיתה שיש בה ע׳ ושריפה heathen obsequies with which spice-burning and cremation (of clothes &c.) are connected. ↗ expanded

עִישּׁוּנָא (עֲשַׁן) = עָשְׁנָא, strength. Targ. Ps. XXIX, 1 ed. Lag., v. עָשְׁנָא. fort, stronghold. Targ. Prov. XXIV, 5 (ed. Lag. a. Wil. עֲשִׁינָא). Targ. Ps. LXI, 4 קוסטל דע׳ ed. Wil. (ed. Lag. בקושטא ע׳; Ms. קושקא עַשִּׁינָא); a. e. (cmp. חוּסְנָא) store-house.—Pl. עִישּׁוּנֵי, עִשּׁ׳. Targ. Prov. VIII, 24 ע׳ דמיא store-houses of water (h. text נכבדי). ↗ expanded

עִישּׂוּר (עֶשֶׂר) one tenth; (= מַעֲשֵׂר) tithe, giving tithes. Keth. 68ᵃ ראשונה נוטלת ע׳ נכסים וכ׳ the first daughter gets one-tenth of the estate, the second one-tenth of what is left &c. Bicc. II, 6 בשעת לקיטתו עִשּׂוּרוֹ the giving of tithes is regulated by the time it (the Ethrog) is plucked, expl. Y. ib. 65ᵃ bot. בשעת לקיטתו עישורו למעשרות ולשביעית this regulation refers to tithes as well as to the Sabbatical year (the time of plucking decides to which year the fruit belongs). Maas. Sh. V, 9; a. fr.—Trnsf. dedication, sanctification. Deut. R. s. 3 (ref. to Deut. VII, 13) מה פרי אדמתך צריכים ע׳ … צריכים ע׳ וכ׳ as the fruit of thy soil requires sanctification by tithes, so the fruit of thy womb requires sanctification, which is circumcision.—Pl. עִישּׂוּרִים, עִישּׂוּרִין, עִשּׂ׳. R. Hash. 14ᵃ נהג בו שני ע׳ he subjected it to two tithes (that of the second and that of the third year). Tosef. Dem. VIII, 18 תשעים ושלשה חסר שני ע׳ ninety-three parts less two-tenths. Ib. 15 שתי תאנים ושני ע׳ ועִישּׂוּרוֹ של עישור two figs (as Trumah), and two tithes (first and second), and tithe of the tithes (= מעשר מן המעשר); Y. ib. I, end, 22ᵇ ועישורין של עישור (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עִישּׂוּרָא Keth. 50ᵃ והא לא דמי ע׳ בתרא על׳ קמא but the second tithe (one-tenth of nine-tenths left) is not equal to the first tithe (both together do not amount to one fifth)! ↗ expanded

עִישּׂוֹרְיָיתָא , v. עִיסּוּרְיָתָא ↗ expanded

עִישַׂרְתֵּי , v. עֲשַׂרְתֵּי ↗ expanded

עִישְׁתּוֹנָא , v. עֶשְׁתּוֹנָא ↗ expanded

עִיתּ־ , v. עֵת ↗ expanded

*עִיתָּא = h. עֵת, time. Gen. R. s. 47, end בההיא ע׳ on that occasion; (Yalk. ib. 82 עונת, read: עוֹנְתָא).—V. עַנְתָא. ↗ expanded

עַיְתָא , v. קוֹבְעַיָּא ↗ expanded

עיתור , Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᵈ, read: עִיטּוּר. ↗ expanded

עִיתּוֹת , v. עֵת ↗ expanded

עָכַב (cmp. עָקַב) to be curved; hooked. Pi. עִיכֵּב to detain, prevent. Mekh. B’shall. s. 1 ואל תְּעַכֵּב את גאולתנו and delay not our redemption. Ber. 7ᵃ ומי מְעַכֵּב, v. עִיסָה; a. fr.—Esp. to invalidate an act by an omission; to be indispensable (v. עִיכּוּב). Zeb. V, 1 מתנה אחת מהן מְעַכֶּבֶת the omission of one of these manipulations (v. מַתָּנָה) makes the whole act illegal. Ib. אם לא נתן לא ע׳ if he did not pour the blood into the y’sod (יְסוֹד), it does not invalidate the act. Ib. 48ᵃ לעַכֵּב מנין whence do we prove that it is indispensable? (opp. למצוה). Men. IV, 1 התכלת אינה מעכבת את הלבן the absence of the blue thread in the show fringes does not hinder the white thread, i.e. in the absence of the one, the other may do for the ceremony. Ib. הסולת והשמן אינם מְעַכְּבִין … ולא היין מְעַכְּבָן the flour and oil (of the Minḥah) are no hinderance to offering the wine, nor does the wine form a hinderance to them, i.e. the order in which they are offered is immaterial. Ib. המתנות … אינן מְעַכְּבוֹת זו את זו the sprinklings upon the outer altar are no hinderance to one another, i.e. one of them is enough to make the ceremony legal. Ber. 2ᵃ ביאת שמשו מְעַכַּבְתּוֹ מלאכול וכ׳ the sunset of his last day of levitical uncleanness is indispensable for allowing him to eat T’rumah, but the offering of his sacrifice is not; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. מְעוּכָּב; f. מְעוּכֶּבֶת; pl. מְעוּכָּבִים, מְעוּכָּבִין; מְעוּכָּבוֹת. Y. Sot. II, beg. 17ᵈ ומכיון שהוא מע׳ מלשמוח וכ׳ since he is prevented from rejoicing with her (at the sacrifice), it is as if he prevented her from partaking of the sacrifice (by failing to provide for her offering of sanctification). Ib. והוא מעכב מלשמוח (read מְעוּכָּב). Mekh. l. c. כי בגללך אנו מע׳ for we are detained on thy account; a. e. to detain one’s self; to tarry; to wait for. Ex. R. s. 3 סבור אתה שהיה משה מעכב וכ׳ do you think that Moses hesitated (was unwilling) to go? Gen. R. s. 55 על מנת שנאמר לך … ולא תְעַכֵּב even if I tell thee to sacrifice thy son to me, thou wilt not hesitate. Ib. ולא יְעַכֵּב he will not hesitate. Ib. הלואי … ולא אֲעַכֵּב O! that the Lord would appear to me and tell me that I should cut off one of my limbs! I would not hesitate. Tanḥ. Ekeb 6 השכינה מעכבת ישראל וענני כבוד מְעַכְּבִין לך the Divine Presence is waiting, Israel and the clouds of glory are waiting for thee; ib. B’shall. 2; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְעַכֵּב, Nithpa. נִתְעַכִּב to be prevented; to be delayed. Y. Pes. VI, 33ᵇ bot. מִתְעַכֵּב מן המצות he is precluded from religious acts. Koh. R. to II, 2 מה טיבו שבני מתעכב what is the cause of my son’s tarrying? Num. R. s. 14 נ׳ לה הענן the cloud of glory tarried for her (Miriam’s) sake; Sot. I, 9 נִתְעַכְּבוּ לה ישראל וכ׳ Israel tarried for her sake seven days; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲכַב , Pa. עַכֵּיב ch. same, to detain, prevent, delay; to hesitate; to withhold. Targ. Y. Gen. XXII, 12 (ed. Vien. עֲכִיבְ׳ Pe.). Ib. 10 דנכס לא מְעַכֵּב he who is to slaughter tarries not. Targ. I Kings V, 7 (h. text עדר). Targ. Y. Ex. IV, 25 ע׳ עלוי prevented him. Targ. Y. Lev. XIX, 13 למְעַכְּבָא to retain; a. fr.—B. Bath. 12ᵇ עַכְּבֵיה גביה he detained it (the couple) with him. Zeb. 52ᵃ מְעַכְּבֵי are indispensable. Ber. 2ᵃ כפרה לא מְעַכְּבָא the offering of the sacrifice is no hinderance (to being permitted to eat T’rumah); a. e. Ithpa. אִתְעַכֵּב, אִיעַכֵּב to be detained; to tarry. Targ. O. Gen. XIX, 16. Targ. O. Num. XI, 23. Targ. Is. XL, 26 (h. text נעדר); a. fr.—B. Bath. 4ᵃ שדר … ולִיעַכֵּב שתא וכ׳ send a messenger (to Rome), and he will be going one year, and be detained one year &c. ↗ expanded

עַכָּבָה (preced.) hinderance, prevention, delay. Yeb. XIII, 3 כל ע׳ שהיא מן האיש any delay (in remarrying) of which the husband is the cause (v. ib. 108ᵃ). Meg. 21ᵃ אין ישיבה אלא לשון ע׳ yashab has the meaning of tarrying.—עַכָּבַת יין retention of wine, drops of wine remaining on the rim. Ab. Zar. V, 7 (72ᵃ) עכ׳ (Ar., a. Y. ed. עֲקֵבַת; Mishn. Nap. עֲקֵיבַת sediment; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10); ib. 71ᵇ; a. e.—Y. ib. V, 45ᵃ top מהו עקבת יין וכ׳, v. לַכְלֵךְ. ↗ expanded

עכבונית , v. עִצְּבוֹנִית ↗ expanded

עַכְבּוּרָא , v. עַכְבְּרֵי ↗ expanded

עַכָּבִית , pl. (עָכַב) עַכָּבִיּוֹת a species of edible thistles, cardoon (v. Löw, Pfl. p. 292). Gen. R. s. 20 (ref. to Gen. III, 18) קוץ אלו ע׳ ḳots is cardoon; (oth. opin.) דרדר זו ע׳ dardar is cardoon; Yalk. ib. 32 עַכּוֹבִית. Bets. 34ᵃ; Tosef. ib. III, 19. Ukts. III, 2. ↗ expanded

עַכָּבִיתָא , v. עַכּוֹבִיתָא ↗ expanded

עַכְבָּר (b. h.) mouse. Ḥull. IX, 6 ע׳ שחציו בשר וכ׳ a mouse which is half flesh and half earth (it being believed that there is a species of mice developing from earth, v. Maim. a. l.). Ib. 126ᵇ ע׳ שבים sea-mouse (name of a fish). Hor. 13ᵃ האוכל ממה שע׳ אוכל וכ׳ he who eats what a mouse has been gnawing at, will lose his memory; a. fr.—Pl. עַכְבָּרִים, עַכְבָּרִין. Ib. Sabb. 151ᵇ. Pes. 10ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַכְבָּר ² Targ. Lev. XI, 29; a. e.—Ab. Zar. 68ᵇ. Y. Ter. X, 47ᵇ הורי … בע׳ חד לאלף R. J. decided in the case of a mouse that a proportion of one to one thousand was required to neutralize it in an intermixture. Y. Sabb. I, 3ᵇ bot. ע׳ דטורא the mountain mouse. Bab. Sabb. 121ᵇ ההוא עכבר; Bets. 36ᵇ ההוא עכברא Ms. M. (ed. ההוא עכברתא, corr. acc.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 50). Pes. 10ᵇ; a. e.—Snh. 29ᵇ ע׳ דשכיב אדינרי a mouse lying on denars, a miser.—Pl. עַכְכָּרַיָּיא. Y. B. Mets. III, end, 9ᵇ ↗ expanded

עַכְבְּרֵי ʿAkhbré, ʿAkhb’raya, ʿAkhb’rin in Upper Galilee (v. Neub. Géogr. p. 226). B. Mets. 84ᵇ בני עכבריא (Ms. M. עכבורא; Ms. H. עכבורי). Koh. R. to II, 8 מן עכברין (pheasants) from ʿA. Y. Erub. VIII, 25ᵃ bot. עכברי. Y. Ter. IX, end, 48ᵇ; Y. Sabb. II, 4ᵈ top ר׳ חנניא בר ע׳. ↗ expanded

עכברתא , v. עַכְבְּרָא ↗ expanded

עכה , Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 4 ומעכה; read: ומַכְהֶה, v. כָּהָה a. עָמָה. ↗ expanded

עַכּוֹ (b. h.) pr. n. pl. Acco, Accho (Ptolemais), a town and harbor on the Phœnician shores. Ex. R. s. 9 כלום מביאין … דגים לע׳ do people carry … fish to Acco? Gen. R. s. 5 דג העולה מע׳ fish from A. Tosef. Shebi. V, 2; a. fr.—כְּפַר ע׳ K’far Acco, v. אִכּוּם. Tosef. Kil. I, 12; Mekh. Yithro, Amal., s. 2 יהודה איש כ׳ ע׳. Ib., Baḥod., s. 7 ר׳ שמעון בן יהודה איש כ׳ ע׳; Gen. R. s. 11; Tosef. B. Bath. VII, 10 ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. איכום); Pesik. R. s. 23 כ׳ ענים (corr. acc.); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִכּוּב , v. sub עִיכּ׳. ↗ expanded

עַכּוֹבִית , v. עַכָּבִית ↗ expanded

עַכּוֹבִיתָא 1 = h. עַכָּבִית. Targ. Jer. XVII, 6 (h. text ערער).—Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᶜ bot. טב לעַכָּבִיתָא good for a thistle sting [or a spider’s bite, v. next w.]; (Bab. ib. 67ᵃ לזִירְפָּא). ↗ expanded

עַכּוֹבִיתָא 2 (= b. h. עַכָּבִישׁ a. עַכְשׁוּב) spider. Targ. Is. LIX, 5, sq. Targ. Ps. LVII, 3 (ed. Lag. עַכָּבִיתָא). Ib. CXL, 4 (h. text עכשוב).—V. עַכְשׁוּב. ↗ expanded

עָכוּז , v. אָכוּז ↗ expanded

עִכּוֹל , v. עִיכּוֹל ↗ expanded

עכ"ום ʿakkum, abbrev. for עבודת כוכבים ומזלות idolatry; for עובד כוכבים ומזלות, or עוֹבֶדֶת, or עוֹבְדֵי idolater, idolatress, idolaters (interchanging in editions respectively with ע"ז, ע"עז, גוי, נכרי &c.) Zeb. 40ᵇ שעירי ע׳ goats offered to atone for idolatry. Snh. 59ᵃ אפי׳ ע׳ עוסק בתורה וכ׳ even an idolater (gentile) studying the Law is the equal of the high priest; (Ab. Zar. 3ᵃ נכרי); B. Kam. 38ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַכָּיָיה (denom. of עַכּוֹ) of Acco. Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᵈ top חזקיה ע׳; (Y. Ab. Zar. II, 40ᵈ חזקיה only). ↗ expanded

עָכִין , v. עֶכֶן, עַכְנָא. ↗ expanded

עֲכִירָה (עָכַר) stirring up. Nidd. 20ᵃ ע׳ במאי wherewith shall the stirring be done (with the hand or with a tool)?—[Ex. R. s. 22 תפלתו בע׳ some ed., read: בעֲבֵירָה.] ↗ expanded

*עֲכִירִים (preced.) [stirrers,] implement connected with the wine or oil press for stirring up the pulp, loadstones (?), screws (?). B. Bath. IV, 5 (67ᵇ) העכ׳ (Bab. ed. העבירין; Y. ed. הכִּירִים; Ms. M. העמודין; Ms. O. העבירים a. העמודים, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6, sq.); expl. ib. 67ᵇ כִּבְשֵׁי. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. VII, 12, quot. by Hai G. to Kel. XII, 8 (ed. Zuck. העתידין, oth. ed. עמידים) ע׳ … של זכוכית (?). ↗ expanded

עָכַל , Pi. עִיכֵּל (v. אָכַל) to consume.—Part. pass. מְעוּכָּל; f. מְעוּכֶּלֶת; pl. מְעוּכָּלִים; מְעוּכָּלוֹת. Tam. I, 4, v. אָכַל. Hithpa. הִתְעַכֵּל, Nithpa. נִתְעַכֵּל to be consumed. Ber. VIII, 7, v. אָכַל. Snh. VI, 6, v. אָכַל. Num. R. s. 14 (ref. to ʿĂkhinaiPs. CVIII, 10) מה הבשר מִתְעַכֵּל בסיר כך נִתְעַכְּלוּ שם as flesh is consumed (boiled to a pulp) in the pot, so they (David’s family) were consumed there (in Moab; v. Yalk. Sam. 147; Tanḥ., ed. Bub., Vayera 25). ↗ expanded

עֲכַל Pa. עַכֵּל same. Targ. Job XX, 18 Ms. Ithpa. אִיעַכֵּל to be consumed, burnt. Shebu. 17ᵇ אי דלא הפיך ביה לא מִיעַכֵּל (v. Ms. M. in D. S. a. l. note) if without turning it, the sacrifice had not been consumed. Ib. אי לא הפיך בהו מִיעַכְּלֵי … מיעכל בהד שעתא if he had not turned them (the pieces), they would have been consumed in two hours, and now all of it was consumed in one hour. ↗ expanded

עַכְמַאי pr. n. m. ʿAkhmai. Y. Ter. XI, end, 48ᵇ; Y. Sabb. II, 4ᵈ top, v. יוֹנָתָן. בֶּן עַ׳ pr. n. pl. (?). Yeb. 15ᵇ משפחת בית צבועים מבן ע׳; Y. ib. 3ᵃ bot. משפחת בית ענוביי מבית צבועים. ↗ expanded

עָכַן (cmp. עכב) to be curved, curled. Pi. עִיכֵּן (cmp. עִילָה, סִיבָּה end) to bring about, to cause. Snh. 44ᵇ (play on עָכָן, Josh. VII, 24) זמרי … שעי׳ עוונותיהם וכ׳ his name was Zimri (I Chr. II, 6), but he was named ʿAkhan (Circle), because he caused the punishment of Israel’s sins. ↗ expanded

עָכָן (b. h.) pr. n. m. Akhan, who secreted a portion of the spoils of Jericho. Snh. 44ᵇ, v. preced. Num. R. s. 23. Lev. R. s. 9; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֶכֶן (עָכַן; cmp. חֲכִינָא) annulated snake. [Lam. R. to I, 3 אמר עכן בית, read, as Num. R. s. 12 אמרו אעפ"כ מת.]—Lev. R. s. 16 (play on תעכסנה, Is. III, 16, v. עֶכֶס) והיה אותו הריח … כארס של ע׳ and the scent (of the balsam) permeated them like the venom of a snake; Sabb. 62ᵇ כארס של ע׳ Ms. O. (ed. כארס בכעוס, v. כָּעוּס); Yalk. Lam. 1031 ונצרר עכנה בהם (a misplaced corrupt. of כארס של ע׳).—Pl. עֲכָנִים, עֲכָנִין. Sifré Deut. 321 (ref. to זחלי עפר, Deut. XXXII, 24) אלו ע׳ וכ׳ (not עשנים, Var. הכינים, read: חֲכִינִים) that means the snakes whose rulership is in the dust; Yalk. ib. 945 עֲכִינִין. ↗ expanded

עַכְנָא c. ch. (also in H. dict.) same. Targ. Y. Ex. XXVI, 28 (ed. pr. עכי׳).—B. Mets. 84ᵇ אשכחוה לע׳ דהדירא לה למערתא they found a snake encircling the cave; ע׳ ע׳ פתחי פיך וכ׳ snake, snake, open thy mouth (drop the tail out of thy mouth), and let the son enter &c.; ib. 85ᵃ פתחי דלת Ms. M. (ed. פיך); B. Kam. 117ᵇ ע׳ ע׳ פתח דלת Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; ed. פתח פומיך). Deut. R. s. 6 עכי׳ m., עכנא f. (contrad. to דרקון). Ber. 19ᵃ; B. Mets. 59ᵇ, v. next w.—Pl. עֲכִינִין, עַכְנִין, v. preced. ↗ expanded

עַכְנַאי ʿAkhnai (ʿkhinai). Kel. V, 10 תנורו של ע׳ the oven of ʿA. (consisting of tiles cemented with sand); Ber. 19ᵃ. Ib. מהו ע׳ … שהקיפוהו הלכות כעכנא זה (not כעכנאי) why is it called the oven of A.?… It intimates that they encircled it with discussions as the snake (winds itself around an object; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 7); B. Mets. 59ᵇ כעכנא זו. ↗ expanded

עַכְנָה , v. עֶכֶן ↗ expanded

עֶכֶס (cmp. עכן; b. h. chain, clasp) adder, viper (believed to kill a flying bird by looking at its shadow). Mekh. B’shall., Vayassʿa, s. 1 (expl. אפעה, Is. XXX, 6); Tanḥ. B’shall. 18; Yalk. Jer. 266. ↗ expanded

עַכְסָה (b. h.) pr. n. f. Achsa, daughter of Caleb. Tem. 16ᵃ, v. כָּעַס. ↗ expanded

עָכַר (b. h.) to stir up, disturb; to trouble, make turbid; to sadden. Sot. 5ᵃ כל אדם … עוֹכַרְתּוֹ if a man has swelling of wind (haughtiness) in him, the slightest breeze will trouble him (the slightest adversity will upset him); מה ים … עוכרתו וכ׳ if the sea … is stirred up by the slightest breeze &c. Y. Keth. I, 25ᵇ bot. לעוֹכֵר את העין וכ׳ (not לעובר) like one troubling the eye, which becomes clear again. Ber. 25ᵇ עוֹכְרָן ברגלו he must stir them up with his foot. Gen. R. s. 80, end (ref. to עכרתם, Gen. XXXIV, 30) צלולה היתה החבית ועֲכַרְתֶּם אותה the wine in the cask was clear, and you have troubled it; Yalk. ib. 135 ועֲכַרְתּוּהָ. Nidd. 20ᵃ צללו חוזר ועוכרן if the mixture became clear (the earth settled), he must stir it again; a. fr.—Part. pass. עָכוּר; f. עֲכוּרָה; pl. עֲכוּרִים, עֲכוּרִין; עֲכוּרוֹת. Ib. אין … צלולין אלא ע׳ you must not examine the mixture when it is clear, but when it is turbid; Tosef. ib. III, 11. Gen. R. l. c. ע׳ היתה … וצללנו אותה the wine was turbid, and we cleared it (we redeemed our honor). Snh. 44ᵇ; Lev. R. s. 9 (ref. to Josh. VII, 25) היום הזה אתה ע׳ ואי אתה ע׳ וכ׳ thou art troubled (punished) this day, but thou shalt not be troubled in the hereafter. Sifré Deut. 48 שתה ממים של בוראך … מים ע׳ וכ׳ drink of the water of thy Creator’s well, and drink not muddy water, nor be attracted by the words of the heretics; Yalk. Prov. 937; a. fr.—Ex. R. s. 22 (ref. to Job XVI, 17) וכי יש תפלה ע׳ is there also a turbid prayer? Ib. מנין … שתפלתו ע׳ where is it intimated that the prayer of him in whose hand is robbery, is turbid (rejected)? Nif. נֶעְכָּר to be stirred up; to become turbid, dreggy, foul. Nidd. 9ᵃ דם נ׳ ונעשה חלב the blood (of a pregnant animal) is disturbed (decomposed), and turns into milk. Y. Sot. IV, 19ᶜ bot. אין החלב נ׳ וכ׳ the milk (of a nursing woman) becomes turbid only after three months (after conception). Y. Nidd. II, end, 50ᵇ יצללו ולא יֵעָכְרוּ the water mixed with earth must settle and not be stirred up again; a. fr.—Men. IX, 5 (90ᵃ) הלח נ׳ היבש אינו נ׳ (Bab. ed. נעקר; Ms. M. נעבר, corr. acc.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) liquid emptied from a large measure into a smaller one is stirred up (and what remains in the large measure partakes of the sacred character of the liquid in the smaller, sacred vessels), whereas dry objects are not stirred up. ↗ expanded

עֲכַר Targ. Gen. XXXIV, 30; a. fr.—Nidd. 20ᵃ דלא לרמיה … ולִיעַכְרִינְהוּ אבל במנא כי ע׳ וכ׳ that he must not throw the earth in with his hands to make the water turbid, but when the earth is in the vessel, and he stirs with his hands, it is right. Y. ib. II, end, 50ᵇ ר׳ … ע׳ R. Ḥ. stirred the mixture up (in order to examine the color); a. e.—Part. pass. עָכִיר; f. עֲכִירָא; pl. עֲכִירֵי; עֲכִירָן. Ḥull. 55ᵇ. Men. 53ᵃ דהוה ע׳ דעתיה (Ms. M. בדחא) that his mind was troubled; Yalk. Ex. 166; Yalk. Ps. 667 (not עבידא; v. Rabb. D. S. to Men. l. c. note 50). Ithpe. אִיתְעֲכַר to be disturbed, spoiled. Targ. Prov. XV, 6. ↗ expanded

עַכְשְׁבוֹנִיתָא (v. עַכְשׁוּב) name of a disease, prob. wound from a spider’s bite. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 40ᵈ; Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᵈ עַכְשְׁמוֹנִיתָה. ↗ expanded

עַכְשָׁו , v. עַכְשָׁיו ↗ expanded

עַכְשׁוּב (b. h.) a species of spider. Tosef. Par. IX (VIII), 6. ↗ expanded

עַכְשָׁיו (perh. a contraction of עַתָּה כְמוֹ שֶׁהוּ) presently, now. Ab. I, 14 אם לא ע׳ אימתי if not now (I provide for my soul), when? Gitt. VII, 3 זה גטך … מע׳ אם מתי this is thy letter of divorce … to take effect from now in the event of my dying from this disease. Ab. Zar. 37ᵃ, a. fr. כאילו אמר מע׳ דמי, v. מְנָת. Gen. R. s. 12 ע׳ העליונים וכ׳ now (in that case) the upper creatures would outnumber &c.; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

עַכְשְׁמוֹנִיתָה , v. עַכְשְׁבוֹנִיתָא ↗ expanded

עֹל , v. עוֹל ↗ expanded

עַל height; (prepos.) upon, above; about &c.—With suff. (pl.) עָלַי, עָלֶיךָ &c. Ab. I, 2 על שלשה וכ׳ the world stands on three things. Sabb. II, 6 על שלש וכ׳ for three sins &c. Snh. 20ᵃ, a. fr. אמרו עָלָיו על וכ׳ they relate about &c. Nidd. 23ᵇ מי שלבו דוה עליו whose heart within him &c., v. דָּוָה; a. v. fr.—על יד, על ידי, v. יָד; על מנת, v. מְנָת, &c.—Ab. Zar. 30ᵃ, a. e. עָלי ועל צוארי, v. צַוָּאר. ↗ expanded

עַל ² Targ. Gen. I, 2; a. v. fr.—With suffix (pl.) עֲלַי, עֲלָךְ, עֲלוֹהִי &c. Ib. XXVII, 12; a. v. fr.—Ab. II, 6 על דאטפת, v. טוּף.—ייתי עֲלַי, v. אֲתָא; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

עָל verb, v. עוּל, עֲלַל. ↗ expanded

*עָל (cmp. עִילָא II) plan. Pesik. Vattom., p. 133ᵃ (ref. to Is. V, 19) [read:] ונדע על דמאן היא קיימא על דידן וכ׳ and let us know, whose plan will stand (be executed), our plan or his plan. Ib. הא קמת על דידהון על דידי לא קמת (not היא) now their plan stands, shall mine not stand?; Yalk. Lam. 1033; 1034. ↗ expanded

עֵל , v. עֵיל ↗ expanded

עֲלָא = h. עָלֶה, leaf.—Pl. עֲלַיָּא, עֲלַיָּה, עֲלָיֵי. Y. Shebi. V, 35ᵈ bot. [read:] שיתין יומין שיתא ע׳ שיתא יומין שיתין ע׳ the first sixty days bring forth six leaves, the next six days, sixty leaves. Ḥull. 92ᵃ, v. אִיתְכָּלָא. Y. Shek. VI, 50ᵃ bot., v. תְּרַפְיוֹן. ↗ expanded

עִלָאָה , v. עִילָאָה ↗ expanded

עִלָּאָה rib, v. עֲלַע. ↗ expanded

עָלַב to press upon; to arrogate superiority; to humiliate, insult. Gitt. 36ᵇ; Yoma 23ᵃ הנֶעֱלָבִין ואינן עוֹלְבִין וכ׳ those who are insulted, and do not insult, hear themselves reviled &c., v. חֶרְפָּה; Sabb. 88ᵇ עֲלוּבִין וכ׳ (Ms. M. הנעלבין).—V. עָלוּב. Nif. נֶעֱלָב to be insulted, submit to humiliation, v. supra. ↗ expanded

עֶלְבּוֹן (preced.) arrogance, humiliation, insult. Gen. R. s. 45, end (ref. to Gen. XVI, 13) אתה הוא הרואה בע׳ של עלובים thou seest the humiliation of the humbled. Gen. R. s. 60 (ref. to Gen. XXIV, 62) הלך להביא … ראה בעֶלְבּוֹנִי he went to bring back Hagar, her who sat by the well and said to the Ever-living, behold my humiliation. Ab. Zar. 18ᵃ מי שמבקש עֶלְבּוֹנָהּ של תורה וכ׳ (not של ס"ת) he who will resent the insult offered to the Law, shall also resent the insult offered to me. Ex. R. s. 41; Ab. ch. VI אוי להם לבריות מעלבונה של תורה woe to men for the disregard of the Law; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲלִבְתָּא , v. עֲלִיבָא ↗ expanded

עלג , Num. R. s. 16 העליגו some ed., read: הלעיגו, v. לָעַג ↗ expanded

עָלֶה [cover,] foliage, leaf. Gen. R. s. 19 (play on עֲלֵי תאנה, Gen. III, 7) ע׳ שהביאו תואנה וכ׳ the leaves which brought grief into the world; Yalk. ib. 27 ע׳ שהביא וכ׳. Shebi. VII, 1 עֲלֵה הלוף השוטה, v. לוֹף; a. fr.—Pl. עָלִים, עָלִין; constr. עֲלֵי. Y. ib. V, 35ᵈ bot. מהוצאת ע׳ ועד וכ׳ from the sprouting of leaves to the coming forth of buds of fruits there is an interval of fifty days. Ib. עלי בצלים leaves of onions. Ḥull. 92ᵃ ע׳ שבה וכ׳ the leaves thereon (on the vine Israel) are the untutored, v. אֶשְׁכּוֹל; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִלָּה , v. עִילָה ↗ expanded

עָלָה , v. עלי ↗ expanded

עַלְוָאִין , v. אַלְוִוין ↗ expanded

עָלוּב (עָלַב) insulted, humbled, submissive, lowly; ill-fated, poor. Meg. 29ᵃ ע׳ ואינו ע׳ מי נדחה מפני מי if one is submissive, and the other is not, which will yield?; Taan. 16ᵃ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 50); Yalk. Jon. 551. Pesik. R. s. 40 הא ע׳ בן של ע׳ O, thou hapless one, son of a hapless mother!; Tanḥ. Vayera 22; ed. Bub. 46; (Gen. R. s. 56 ברא דעלובתא). Sifré Deut. 306; Yalk. Prov. 938 (ref. to Prov. VI, 6) ע׳ היה האדם הזה שצריך ללמוד … ע׳ היה וכ׳ (ע׳ הוא) it was a (sufficient) humiliation for man that he had to learn from the ant; had he learned and acted (accordingly), he would have been sufficiently humbled, but he was to have learned, and did not. Gen. R. s. 34, v. עִיסָה.—Pl. עֲלוּבִים, עֲלוּבִין. Sabb. 88ᵇ, v. עָלַב. Gen. R. s. 45, end, v. עֶלְבּוֹן; a. e. (cmp. עֲלַב Ithpe. 2) arrogant, insolent. Sabb. l. c. ע׳ כלה מזנה impudent is &c., v. זָנָה; Cant. R. to VIII, 5; Gitt. 36ᵇ (quoted to prove the meaning of עוּלְבָּנָא = חוּצְפָּא). ↗ expanded

עֲלוּבָא ch., v. עֲלִיבָא ↗ expanded

עֲלוּבָה f. h., v. עָלוּב ↗ expanded

עֲלוּבְתָּא , v. עֲלִיבָא ↗ expanded

עָלָוָון , v. עָלָוָן ↗ expanded

עֲלַוֵּי , v. עִילָוֵי ↗ expanded

עֲלוֹי , v. עַל ch. ↗ expanded

עִלּוּי , v. עִילּוּי, עִילּוּיָא. ↗ expanded

עַלְוָיִין , v. אַלְוָאִין ↗ expanded

עֲלוּלֵי (עֲלַל; cmp. עֲלִילָה) pretext, claim. Gitt. 86ᵃ, v. עֲרוּרֵי. ↗ expanded

עָלָוָן , pl. of עָלָתָא. ↗ expanded

עֲלוּקָא f. = next w. Targ. Ps. XII, 9 (Ar. עלקא).—Targ. Prov. XXX, 15 (ed. Lag. עֲלוּקָה), [perh. pr. n. of a person].—Bekh. 44ᵇ ותיפוק לי משום עלקא (Ar. ערקא) but may I not assume that the swelling of his belly arose from swallowing a leech?; Yalk. Deut. 848 עֲלוּקָה. ↗ expanded

עֲלוּקָה (?); cmp. חלק, a. Arab. ʿaliḳ) leech. Ab. Zar. 12ᵇ (סכנת) ע׳ (Ms. M. עַלְקָה; Ar. עַלְקָא) the danger of swallowing a leech in drinking.—Y. Ber. IX, 13ᶜ bot. (in Hebr. dict.) פשפש לעֲלוּקְתָּה a bed-bug is a remedy for a (swallowed) leech, (supposed to mean that a potion mixed with bed-bugs will cause the removal of the leech by causing vomiting). ↗ expanded

עֲלוּקְתָּה , v. preced. ↗ expanded

עֲלָזָה , v. עֲלִיזָה ↗ expanded

עֲלָטָה עלט to wrap up) darkness, mist. Erub. 53ᵇ מגידי בע׳, v. זָהָב. Gen. R. s. 44, v. אֲמִיטְתָא. ↗ expanded

עלי (b. h.) to go up, rise; to come up, arrive. Pes. VIII, 3 מי שיַּעֲלֶה מכם וכ׳ whichever of you shall first arrive at Jerusalem (for the Passover), v. infra. Snh. X, 3 אינה עתידה לַעֲלוֹת shall not rise (from the grave at the time of resurrection). Y. Peah V, end, 19ᵃ (ref. to גבול עולם, Prov. XXII, 28) זו עוֹלֵי מצרים this refers to those who came up from Egypt; Ḥag. 3ᵇ. Ib. עולי בבל those who came back from Babylonia. Ber. 20ᵃ, a. e. (ref. to Gen. XLIX, 22) א"ת עֲלֵי עין אלא עוֹלֵי עין read not ‘ăle ‘ayin, but ‘ole ‘ayin, those rising above the (evil) eye (whom the evil eye cannot affect). Snh. 111ᵃ כשע׳ משה למרום when Moses came up to heaven. Keth. 61ᵃ עוֹלָה עמו וכ׳ she rises with him, but does not go down with him, i.e. the wife rises to the husband’s social position and can claim its comforts, if it be a higher one than her own, &c.; a. v. fr.—Ḥull. 17ᵇ עוֹלֶה ויורד בסכין a going up and down in a slaughtering knife, i.e. a curved blade.—קרבן עולה ויורד, v. יָרַד.—עלה על דעת, v. דַּעַת.—Esp. to be put on the altar, be offered. Zeb. IX, 1 אם עָלְתָה לא תרד if it has been offered, it must not be taken down again. Ib. 2. Men. 22ᵇ מכאן לעוֹלִין שאינן מבטלין וכ׳ this proves that things which are offered up (e.g. blood of several sacrifices that has become mixed up) do not neutralize one another. Ib. 23ᵃ חיבורי עולין that which is attached to things which go on the altar; a. fr.—Idiomatic uses: a) (sub. לחשבון) to be counted in; to be accounted as. M. Kat. III, 5 שבת עולה ואינה וכ׳ the Sabbath counts as one of the seven days of mourning, and does not discontinue the mourning, i.e. the mourning continues after the Sabbath; רגלים מפסיקין ואינן עולין festivals discontinue (the mourning begun before), but do not count, i.e. if the burial took place on a festive day, the mourning days begin after the festival. Ab. IV, 13 עוֹלָה זדון, v. זָדוֹן. Zeb. I, 3 לא עָלוּ לבעלים משום חובה the owners of the sacrifices are not credited with them as a compliance with their obligation; a. fr.—b) to rise in value; to be esteemed. Ab. l. c. וכתר שם טוב עוֹלֶה על גביהן the crown of a good name is worth more than all of them; a. e.—c) [to rise on the scale, be outweighed,] to be void, be neutralized (cmp. בָּטֵל). Ter. IV, 7 תרומה עולה באחד ומאה T’rumah (mixed up in secular matter) is neutralized in one hundred and one (i.e. one against one hundred). Ib. 11 תַּעֲלֶה באחד ומאה is neutralized in &c.; לא תעלה is not neutralized. Ib. 13; a. fr.—d) ע׳ לרגל, or ע׳ to go up (to Jerusalem and the Temple) for the festival. Yoma 21 בשעה שישראל עולין לרגל when the Israelites were in the Temple on the festivals. Ḥag. I, 1. Ib. 4ᵃ שאינן ראויין לעלות who are not fit for the pilgrimage. Pes. 8ᵇ, a. e. עוֹלֵי רגלים pilgrims; a. fr.—e) ע׳ בידו to obtain, achieve. Ber. 35ᵇ עָלְתָה בידן they were successful. Naz. 23ᵃ מי שנתכוון לעלות בידו בשר חזיר וע׳ בידו בשר טלה he who intended to obtain flesh of the swine, and happened to obtain mutton; a. fr. Pi. עִילָּה to elevate, exalt, praise. Sabb. 33ᵇ יהודה שעי׳ יִתְעַלֶּה Judah who elevated (praised the Roman government), shall be elevated (to high office). Y. Snh. X, 29ᶜ top שעִילּוּ אותי וכ׳ who exalted me &c., v. זָבַח. Gen. R. s. 15 (ref. to וישם, Gen. II, 8) עי׳ אותו God raised him (made him a dignitary, by analogy to Deut. XVII, 15); a. fr. to prize, to acquire at the highest price, bid for. Gen. R. s. 16 (ref. to ויקח, Gen. II, 15) עי׳ אותו he acquired him (by analogy to Is. XIV, 2; v. infra Hithpa.); Yalk. ib. 22. Gen. R. s. 40 (ref. to ויעלו, Jer. XXXVIII, 13) מְעַלִּין אותו (or מַעֲלִין, Hif.) they bade for him. Hif. הֶעֱלָה to raise, bring up. Makhsh. VI, 1 המַעֲלֶה פירותיו וכ׳ if one carries his fruits up to the roof, v. כְּנִימָה; Tosef. ib. III, 1. Pesik. R. s. 26 ובקושי הֶעֱלוּהוּ and with hard work they brought him up (out of the pit); a. v. fr.—Esp. to offer on the altar. Zeb. XIV, 3 המַעֲלֶה מבשר וכ׳ he who offers parts of the flesh of a sin offering &c. Ib. XIII, 1 שחט בפנים וה׳ בחוץ if he slaughtered a sacrifice within the Temple precincts, and offered it without; a. v. fr. to raise, promote to a higher dignity. Yoma 20ᵇ, a. fr. מַעֲלִין בקדש ולא מורידין we may promote (a person or thing) to a higher grade of sanctity, but must not degrade. Tosef. Ned. VI, 5 שמעלה … מטומאתן which raises (relieves) the unclean from their uncleanness; Ned. 75ᵇ; Y. ib. X, 42ᵃ; a. fr.—לא מעלה ולא מוריד, v. יָרַד.—Idiomatic uses: a) to cause to go up from the reader’s place (which was low, v. תֵּיבה); to remove, discharge. Ber. 29ᵃ ולא הָעֱלוּהוּ and they did not remove him. Ib. טעה … מעלין אותו if a reader makes a mistake in the twelfth section of the T’fillah (v. מִין III), he must be removed; a. fr.—b) (v. Kal, c) to neutralize. Ter. IV, 8 תאנים שחורות מַעֲלוֹת וכ׳ black figs help to neutralize in conjunction with white ones, i.e. the black and the white secular figs are counted together against the admixture of figs of T’rumah whether black or white; a. fr.—c) (v. Kal, a) to account, credit or charge. B. Mets. 69ᵇ אני אעלה לך סלע וכ׳ I will give thee credit for one Sela each month (as a compensation for the use of the cow). Ab. II, 2 מעלה אני עליכם וכ׳ I (the Lord) shall credit you with a large reward, just as if you had accomplished (the good you had intended to do). Ib. III, 7, sq. מעלה עליו הכתוב כאילו וכ׳ the Bible text (the Lord) charges him as if he had endangered his life (v. חוּב). Yoma 81ᵇ מעלה עליו הכתוב כאילו וכ׳ it is accounted to his credit, as if he had fasted on the ninth and the tenth; a. fr.—d) (v. Kal, e) to succeed, profit. Snh. 90ᵇ הֶעֱלֵיתֶם בידכם, v. יָעַל.—f) ה׳ חן to effect grace; to find favor. Gen. R. s. 9 הלואי תהא מַעֲלַת חן לפני … כשם שהֶעֱלִית וכ׳ Oh, that thou wouldst find favor before me (please me) at all times, as thou dost now; a. e.—g) ה׳ חֵמָה [to let anger rise,] to become angry. Gen. R. s. 93 בשעה שהיה יהודה מעלה ח׳ וכ׳ whenever Judah got angry, the hair &c.; a. e.—h) (with or sub. ארוכה) to heal up. Ḥull. 77ᵃ, v. אֲרוּכָה II. Shebi. IV, 6 לא שיַעֲלֶה, v. פָּשַׁח; a. fr. Nif. נַעֲלָה to be removed, withdraw. Tosef. Yoma I, 12 בעון … שכינה נַעֲלַת through the sin of bloodshed has the Divine Presence withdrawn (Sifré Num. 161 מסתלקת). Hithpa. הִתְעַלֶּה, Nithpa. נִתְעַלֶּה to be raised, exalted. Sabb. 33ᵇ, v. supra; a. e. to be raised in price, to be bargained for at auction. Gen. R. s. 40, end (ref. to וַתֻּקַּח, Gen. XII, 15) מִתְעַלָּה והולכת חד וכ׳ higher and higher prices were offered for her; one said, I give &c.; Esth. R. to II, 16 (ref. to ותלקח, ib.) מתעלה בליקוחין. ↗ expanded

עֲלֵי Targ. Koh. III, 11 עולי ריגלאין (h. form) pilgrims to Jerusalem, v. preced. Af. אַעֲלֵי (v. preced.Hif. c) to balance; to estimate, value (corresp. to h. ערך). Targ. Job XXVIII, 17; 19. Targ. Y. Lev. XXVII, 8; a. fr.—Part. pass. מַעֲלֵי, v. infra. Ithpa. אִתְעַלֶּי, אִתְעַלָּא, Ithpe. אִתְעֲלָא to be elevated, exalted. Targ. Ps. XLVII, 10; a. e. to be lifted up, be relieved of a burden. Targ. Prov. XIX, 19 כמא דמִתְעַלֵּי וכ׳ (ed. Lag. מַעֲלֵי, Pesh. מעלא) the more he is relieved, the more he adds to his burden (i.e. the more you attempt to quiet him, the angrier he gets; h. text כי אם תציל).—[Ithpe. אִתְעֲלֵי to be carried in, v. עֲלַל.] ↗ expanded

עֱלִי pestle. Y. Peah I, 17ᵃ top [read:] כותש כעלי במכתש, v. כָּתַשׁ. Bets. I, 5; ib. 10ᵃ; Sabb. 123ᵃ ↗ expanded

עֲלִיבָא = h. עָלוּב, humble, poor. Targ. Prov. XIV, 31 (h. text אביון).—Y. Taan. III, 66ᶜ top ומה יעביד ע׳ what should the poor fellow do? Y. Kidd. III, 64ᵇ top ולינאי ע׳ את וכ׳ and you consult poor Jannai (me) in matters of betrothal?—Pl. עֲלִיבַיָּא, עֲלִיבֵי, עֲלוּ׳. Targ. Prov. XXX, 14.—Lev. R. s. 32, end ואילין ע׳ מאי איכפת להון why should these luckless ones suffer (for their parents’ sins)?, v. אִכְפַּת. Yalk. Esth. 1056 בייא … בייא על עלו׳ woe to the king that brings woe upon the unfortunate!; a. e.—Fem. (h. form) עֲלוּבָה; עֲלִיבְתָּא, עֲלוּ׳. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵇ, v. אַכְסַנְיָא. Lev. R. s. 37, end; Koh. R. to X, 15, v. סוּף II ch.; Tanḥ. B’ḥuck. 5 עֲלִבְתָּא. Gen. R. s. 60, v. חַיְּיתָא II. Gen. R. s. 56 ברא דעלו׳, v. עָלוּב. Y. Shek. V, 48ᵈ top הדא ע׳ this poor (animal). Lev. R. s. 5 ע׳ היא מדינתא וכ׳, v. דִּיאִיקִיטָא; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲלִיָּה (עָלָה) (b. h.) upper chamber, upper story. B. Mets. X, 1 הבית והע׳ של שנים the house (lower compartment) and the upper story belonging severally to two persons. Ib. 2 הבית והע׳ נפחתה הע׳ (not של שנים) if there is a lower story (in which the owner lives) and an upper story (inhabited by a tenant), and the upper story is out of repair. Ib. 3. B. Bath. III, 7. Ned. VII, 4 הנודר מן הבית מותר בע׳ he who vows abstinence from ‘house’, is permitted to use an upper story (v. עִירוֹנִי). Sabb. I, 4 בעֲלִיַּית חנניה וכ׳ in the upper chamber of Ḥananiah &c. Keth. 50ᵇ דברים טובים שנאמרו בע׳ the good things (in favor of females) that were said at the meeting in an upper chamber; a. v. fr.—בני ע׳ sons of heaven, those enjoying the Divine Presence in the hereafter. Succ. 45ᵇ; Snh. 97ᵇ.—Pl. עֲלִיּוֹת, עֲלִיּיוֹת. B. Mets. 117ᵃ שתי ע׳ זו וכ׳ two upper stories, one above the other; a. e. going up, rising, opp. ירידה; also flight of stairs. Ib. (in Chald. dict.) ע׳ קבילי עלאי ע׳ וירידה וכ׳ when I rented the upper story, I was prepared to go up, but to go up and go down again I was not prepared. Ib. חדא ע׳ קבילית עלי שתי עליות וכ׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) I was prepared for one flight of stairs but not for two flights; a. fr.—Esp. going up to Jerusalem, pilgrimage. Pes. 8ᵇ ע׳ שלא לשמה a pilgrimage not for its own sake; a. e.—Pl. as ab. B. Mets. l. c., v. supra. elevation (to a higher dignity), promotion. Y. Hor. III, beg. 47ᵃ עֲלִיָּיתוֹ וכ׳, v. יְרִידָה II. Gen. R. s. 68 ע׳ תהא להם they shall rise (to power). Keth. 61ᵃ (play on בעלת בעל, Gen. XX, 3) בעלייתו של בעל וכ׳ the wife partakes of the comforts of the husband’s higher position, but is not bound to share the restrictions of his lower position, v. עָלָה; a. fr. carrying up, esp. putting on the altar, offering. Zeb. XIII, 1 חייב על הע׳ is punishable for the offering (outside of the Temple precincts). Ib. 3; a. fr. (v. עָלָה, c) neutralization, loss of identity. Y. Bicc. II, 65ᵃ top מעשר אין לו ע׳ tithes (mixed up with secular food) are not neutralized. the most valuable property (cmp. עִידִית). B. Kam. I, 4, v. מְעוּלֶּה. Ib. 91ᵃ רידיא ע׳ דמרה הוא the compensation for damages which is won by using the noxious ox for ploughing, is equal to a collection from the owner’s best possessions, (opp. to מגופו the indemnity collected from a sale of the animal). Ned. 56ᵃ if one says, בית בביתי … מראהו ע׳ I sell thee a room in my house, he may show (assign) to him an upper chamber (v. supra); modified: מאי ע׳ מעולה וכ׳ ʿăliya means here (he must assign to him) the best room; Men. 108ᵇ. Keth. l. c. 50ᵇ ומאי ע׳ מעילוייא דאב and does ʿăliya mean ‘of the father’s best things’?; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֶלְיוֹן uppermost, highest; most high. B. Mets. X, 2 הע׳ the owner of the upper story, v. מַעֲזִיבָה. Y. Bicc. II, 64ᵈ bot. (ref. to הקדש, Deut. XXVI, 13) הקודש הע׳ במשמע if refers to the sacred matter mentioned above (first-fruits, ib. 2, sq.). Maasr. V, 8 זרע לוף הע׳ the seed- capsules on the tops of lof (v. לוֹף), expl. Y. ib. 52ᵃ bot., v. סָלַל I; a. fr.—Fem. עֶלְיוֹנָה. Tanḥ. Tsav 1 (play on עוֹלָה) שהיא ע׳ וכ׳ it is the highest of all sacrifices. B. Bath. 64ᵃ דיוטא הע׳ the upper story. B. Mets. 77ᵇ יד לוקח על הע׳ the buyer is at an advantage, has the choice between annulling and insisting on the bargain, opp. על התחתונה, v. יָד.—Lev. R. s. 24, beg. (ref. to Ps. XCII, 9) לעולם ידך בע׳ thy power is always uppermost, i.e. is always submitted to, whether thou blessest or punishest; Yalk. Ps. 843 על הע׳; Y. Ber. IX, 14ᵇ על הע׳, לע׳; a. fr.—Pl. עֶלְיוֹנִים, עֶלְיוֹנִין; f. עֶלְיוֹנוֹת. Ib. 14ᵃ top המים הע׳ the waters from above the earth; a. fr.—Esp. עליונים heavenly creatures, angels. Lev. R. s. 9 בראשון ברא מן הע׳ וכ׳ on the first he created heavenly and earthly things &c.; בראו מן הע׳ וכ׳ he created man so as to make him partake of the nature of the upper creatures and of that of the lower; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲלִיּוּתָא (עֲלֵי) height, heaven. Lev. R. s. 26 מתאמר לי מן ע׳ I am so ordered from on high; Num. R. s. 19; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 4. ↗ expanded

עַלִּיז frolicsome, wanton. Mekh. B’shall. 4 מלכות הע׳ the wanton (Roman) government; Yalk. Jer. 300. ↗ expanded

עֲלִיזָה (preced.) rejoicing, use of the root עלז. Pesik. Ronni, p. 141ᵇ; Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXXIV, end; Cant. R. to I, 4 עֲלָזָה; Yalk. Is. 338 עֲלִיצָה. ↗ expanded

עִלְיָיאתָא , v. עֵילִיתָא II ↗ expanded

עֲלִיָּיה , v. עֲלִיָּה ↗ expanded

עִלְיָתָא , v. עִילִיתָא II, a. עִילָאָה. ↗ expanded

עַלֵּיל , v. עֲלַל ↗ expanded

עֲלִיל entrance. Sot. 45ᵃ; Y. ib. IX, 23ᶜ bot. נמצא בע׳ לעיר if the slain was found at the entrance to a town (where there can be no doubt as to the nearest place); Tosef. ib. IX, 1 בע׳ העיר (Var. בחלול של עיר). (cmp. עֲלִילוּת) reality; בע׳ really, undoubtedly. R. Hash. I, 5 נראה בע׳ if the crescent is clearly visible; ib. 21ᵇ מאי משמע דהאי ע׳ לישנא דמיגלי הוא, v. גְּלֵי; Sabb. 133ᵇ; Men. 64ᵃ ↗ expanded

עֲלִילָה preced.) [bringing about, causation,] dealing, government, disposition.—Pl. עֲלִילוֹת. Ex. R. s. 2, v. עָוַת. (v. עִילָה) [round about way,] circumvention, perverseness, insidiousness; pretext, false charge. Snh. 101ᵇ שלשה באו בע׳ three men (Biblical personages) came with indirectness (instead of praying in a straightforward manner). Gen. R. s. 93 מתחלה באת עלינו בע׳ from the start thou camest against us with insidiousness (trying to find charges against us); Tanḥ. Vayigg. 5; Yalk. Gen. 151. Esth. R. to III, 9 המן … בע׳ גדולה וכ׳ Haman, the wicked, came with great trickery against Israel (tempting them to sin). Ib. באו בע׳ וכ׳ they (the Israelites) came with a pretext, saying, let us go to sacrifice (Ex. V, 3). Pesik. R. s. 26 ראה היאך תמצא לו ע׳ וכ׳ see how thou canst find a charge against Jeremiah and be revenged on him; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Ex. R. l. c., v. עָוַת. Num. R. s. 20 שלא ליתן לו ע׳ (not יתן) so as not to allow him any excuses. ↗ expanded

עֲלִילוּת (preced., v. עֲלִיל reality. Gen. R. s. 23 ולמה בחלום הא לך בע׳ and why in a dream? here it is for thee in reality. ↗ expanded

עֲלִילוּתָא = h. עֲלִילָה, doing, disposition. Yalk. Ps. 859 הוי בר נשא … עֲלִילוּתֵיה וכ׳ (not יהוי) O man, how the Merciful deals with thee! indirectness, perverseness. Sabb. 88ᵇ דסגן בע׳ those who walk perverse ways, opp. בשלימותא. ↗ expanded

עֲלֵים , v. עֲלֵם ↗ expanded

עַלִּים (preced.) strong, powerful. Targ. Job IX, 19.—Pl. עַלִּימִין, עֲלִי׳. Targ. Ps. LIV, 5 (ed. Wil. עֲלֵי׳; h. text עריצים). ↗ expanded

עֲלִימוּת (v. preced.) strength, vigor. Y. M. Kat. III, 83ᵇ bot. עלמות בע׳ עלמות בזריזות עלמות כאילין עולימתא ʿalmuth (Ps. XLVIII, 15) means with strength, … with quickness, … like those maidens; Y. Meg. II, 73ᵇ; Lev. R. s. 11, end בעַלְמוּת (not בעולמות); Cant. R. to I, 3; Yalk. Ps. 757 בעלמות. ↗ expanded

עֲלֵימָן , pl. of עוּלֵימָא. ↗ expanded

עֲלִיסָה (עָלַס) rejoicing, use of the root עלס. Pesik. Ronni, p. 141ᵇ; Cant. R. to I, 4 עלצה; Yalk. Is. 338; Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXXIV, end עליצה; v. עֲלִיזָה. ↗ expanded

עֲלִיצָה f. (עָלַץ) same, v. preced. ↗ expanded

עִלִּיתָא , v. אִלִּיתָא ↗ expanded

עִלִיתָא , v. עִיליתָא ↗ expanded

עָלַל עוֹלֵל Pol. to bring about) to go about, (cmp. סוּר I ch.) to superintend, be busy. Koh. R. to VI, 10 … מלך ומסרו לאריס לַעֲלוֹל בו a King that had a vineyard and gave it in charge of a tenant to attend to it (ed. Wil. לעֹמול).—Part. pass. עָלוּל; f. עֲלוּלָה; pl. עֲלוּלִים, עֲלוּלִין; עֲלוּלוֹת [brought about,] liable, likely (cmp. רָגִיל). Nidd. 7ᵇ ע׳ לקבל טומאה likely to catch uncleanness; Tosef. Makhsh. II, 11. (with ל־; cmp. סוּר I) to ascend, land, enter. Koh. R. to VI, 5 למה לא עָלַלְתָּה למדינה why didst thou not visit the city?; ואת שירדת ועָלַלְתָּ and thou who didst go down (leave the ship) and visit; (Yalk. ib. 972 עאל, עלת, עיילת, v. עוּל, a. next w.). Ab. Zar. 71ᵃ עוֹל תחתי לעוצר go for me to the collector (settle with him). Hithpa. הִתְעַלֵּל (b. h.), Nithpa. נִתְעַלֵּל [to busy one’s self,] to sport, abuse. Gitt. 58ᵃ; Yalk. Jer. 276; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲלַל 1 , esp. (corresp. to h. בּוֹא) to enter a town, a house &c.; to come in (interch. with עוּל). Targ. Prov. XI, 2; a. fr.—Y. Taan. I, 64ᵇ bot. מי ע׳ when he was going home. Ib.ᶜ top כד דאנא עָלֵיל וכ׳ when I was coming home from the hill. Ib. כד דאתית למֵיעוֹל when thou wert about to go home. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᶜ bot. בר קפרא אִיעֲלַל … מי ע׳ וכ׳ B. K. was trying to enter a town; when he entered it &c. Y. Erub. V, beg. 22ᵇ תלת … עבר עָלֵיל קומי וכ׳ thirteen years he spent going in and out before his teacher without need (of his instruction). Koh. R. to I, 3 עָלְלִין ונפקין are brought in and taken out again; a. e.—2) (with שמשא) to set. Targ. O. Gen. XV, 12; a. fr.—3) to be busy, have to do with, (euphem.) to sport. Esth. R. to II, 16 אנא יהיב … ועליל עמה I would give one hundred denars to sport with her; Yalk. Gen. 67; (Gen. R. s. 40 ואִיעֲלַל Ithpa.). Pa. עַלֵּיל to go around searching; to glean. Targ. O. Lev. XIX, 10 (ed. Berl. תְעַלִיל; ed. Amst. תְעָליל); Deut. XXIV, 21 תְעַלֵּיל ed. Berl. (ed. Amst. a. Y. תְעָלֵיל). Af. אָעֵיל (fr. עוּל), אָעוֹל, אֵ׳ to cause to go in; to carry in, bring in. Targ. Gen. VI, 19 (Y. ed. Vien. תֵעוֹל). Targ. Ps. LXVI, 11. Targ. O. Gen. XLVII, 24 אָעוֹלֵי ed. Berl. (oth. ed. אַעוּלֵי, verbal noun). Targ. Hag. I, 9; a. fr. Ittaf. אִיתָּעַל, אִיתַּעַל to be carried in. Targ. Job X, 19 אֶתְּעָל. Ib. XXI, 32 יִתָּעֵל ed. Wil. (oth. ed. יִתְּעָל). Ib. 30 יִתָּעֲלוּן (some ed. יִתְעֲלוּן Ithpe.). Targ. O. Gen. XLIII, 18 (Y. מִתְעֲל׳, ed. Vien. מִתְעָ׳); a. fr. Ithpe. אִתְעֲלַל, אִיעֲלַל same, v. supra.—2) to attempt entrance. Y. Sabb. l. c., v. supra.—3) to busy one’s self, to sport. Gen. R. l. c., v. supra. ↗ expanded

עֲלַל 2 (preced.) [that which is brought in; cmp. תְּבוּאָה,] harvest, provision; income. Targ. Job XL, 20 (h. text בול). Targ. Is. XXX, 23. Targ. Lev. XXV, 21; a. fr.—Ḥag. 5ᵃ, v. זוּזָא I. Ned. 55ᵃ פקיד … מן ע׳ דנהר פניא left in his will that they should give Raba thirteen thousand Zuz out of the ʿălalta (income) of N’har Pania; היכי מיקריא ע׳ what is understood by ʿălalta? Ib. תבואה … ע׳ כל מילי משמע by t’buah (= תבואת שדה) we understand only the five kinds of grain, by ʿălalta, anything (income). Ib. שכר בתים … כיון דפחתן לאו ע׳ היא וכ׳ how about the rent from houses or ships? Shall we say, because their value is diminishing by wear and tear, it cannot be called ʿălalta (income), or is it to be called ʿălalta, because the diminution is not noticeable?; a. e.—Pl. עֲלָלָן, עֲלָלָתָא. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XIV, 22. Targ. O. Gen. XLVII, 24 עָלְלָתָא ed. Lsb. (ed. Berl. עָלַלְתָּא; oth. ed. עֲלַלְתָּא, sing.); a. e. ↗ expanded

עָלַם 1 (v. אָלַם) to surround, tie up. to be strong. Pi. עִילֵּם to tie up. Yalk. Prov. 946 quot. fr. Y’lamd. (ref. to וחושך, Prov. X, 19) לא אמרתי שתְּעַלֵּם פיך וכ׳ I did not say that thou must tie up thy mouth and sit in silence, but restrain thy lips from &c.; Yalk. Num. 738 שתְּאַלֵּים. Num. R. s. 14 (ref. to Gen. XLIX, 22) שעי׳ עינו מאשת וכ׳ he closed his eye not to look at the wife &c. (v. עָלַם II, Hif.). ↗ expanded

עֲלֵם , to be strong. Targ. Ps. XXXVIII, 20. Targ. Josh. I, 6; a. e.—Denom. עִילָּם, fr. which imperat. עִילַּם, עִילַּמוּ. Targ. O. Deut. XXXI, 6; 7; 23 ed. Berl. (Regia עַלֵּים, עַלִּימוּ, v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 59). Targ. I Chr. XXII, 12 (13); a. e., v. אֲלַם. Pa. עַלֵּים same (denom. of same (denom. of עַלִּים), v. supra. to strengthen. Targ. Ps. XXVII, 14. Targ. Y. Ex. XIV, 27 (h. text וינער, v. Mekh. B’shall., s. 6). Ithpa. אִתְעַלֵּים, Ithpe. אִתְעֲלֵים to be strengthened. Targ. Ps. XXXI, 25. to be tied, to join, conspire. Targ. II Chr. XIII, 7 (h. text ויתאמצו). ↗ expanded

עָלַם 2 v. preced.) [to surround, tie up,] to conceal. Yalk. Cant. 981, v. infra.—Part. pass. עָלוּם; f. עֲלוּמָה; pl. עֲלוּמִים, עֲלוּמִין; עֲלוּמוֹת. Ab. Zar. 35ᵇ (play on עֲלָמוֹת, Cant. I, 3) קרי ביה עלומות read it ʿălumoth (secret things). Pi. עִילֵּם same. Part. pass. מְעוּלָּם; f. מְעוּלֶּמֶת; pl. מְעוּלָּמִים, מְעוּלָּמִין; מְעוּלָּמוֹת. Midr. Till. to Ps. XLVI, 1 (play on עלמות, ib.) מע׳ הן הדברים וכ׳ the things we saw are hidden, we know not what we saw. Nef. נֶעְלָם, Hithpa. הִתְעַלֵּם, , Nithpa. נִתְעַלֵּם to be concealed, to escape; to hide one’s self. Num. R. s. 20 אין כל דבר נ׳ ממך nothing is unknown to thee. Y. Pes. VI, beg. 33ᵃ נֶעֶלְמָה הלכה ממנו the law escaped his memory; Bab. Pes. 66ᵃ נִתְעַלְּמָה. Y. Yoma III, 40ᵈ bot. לא … מִתְעַלֵּם מהן they did not move from there before it (the pronunciation of the Tetragrammaton) escaped their memory again. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44ᵇ top עד שיִתְעַלֵּם מעיניהם until he is left out of their sight. Y. Ber. IV, 8ᵃ ואל תִּתְעַלֵּם מתחינתנו do not hide thyself (turn away) from our prayer; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱלִים to conceal. Ex. R. s. 1 (ref. to העלמה Ex. II, 8) שהֶעֱלִימָה וכ׳ she kept her own secret. Cant. R. to I, 3 (play on עלמות, ib.) על שהֶעֱלַמְתָּ מהם יום וכ׳ because thou hast concealed from them the day of death and the day of consolation, they love thee; על שהעלמת מתן וכ׳ because thou hast concealed from them the reward of the righteous &c.; Yalk. ib. 981 שעָלַמְתָּ (Kal); Midr. Till. to Ps. IX; a. fr. (v. עָלַם I) הע׳ עינים to close the eyes, to lose sight of. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44ᵃ bot. Sot. 10ᵇ ואל תַּעֲלֵם עיניך ממני do not avert thy eyes from me. Tosef. Peah IV, 20; B. Bath. 10ᵃ, a. e. המעלים … מן הצדקה who closes his eyes to charity; a. fr. Hof. הוּעֲלָם to be concealed. Koh. R. to III, 11 (play on הָעֹלָם ib.) ה׳ מהם שם וכ׳ the pronunciation of the Tetragrammaton was concealed from them. ↗ expanded

עֶלֶם 1 (preced.) secret. Y. Yoma III, 40ᵈ bot.; Pes. 50ᵃ (ref. to לעלם, Ex. II, 15) לע׳ כתיב it is so written that you may read l’‘elem (this is my name for secrecy).—Pl. עֲלָמוֹת. Midr. Till. to Ps. IX, 1 (play on עלמות, ib.) על הע׳ שהבן עושה וכ׳ on the secret sins which the child (of God) commits and which the Day of Atonement comes to atone for &c. forgetfulness, v. הֵעָלֵם. ↗ expanded

עֶלֶם 2 [vigorous,] lad. Yeb. 76ᵇ (ref. to I Sam. XVII, 55, sq.) התם קרי ליה נער והכא קרי ליה ע׳ וכ׳ there he calls him young man, and here, lad! He thus said to him, הלכה נתעלמה ממך thou hast forgotten the law (v. preced.). Snh. 95ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) ע׳ אייתי לי וכ׳, v. פִּלְכָא.—Fem. עַלְמָה. Ex. R. s. 1, v. עָלַם II.—Pl. עֲלָמוֹת. Cant. R. to I, 3 חלים לפניו כע׳ they dance before him like maidens; Koh. R. to I, 11. Y. Meg. II, 73ᵇ (in Chald. dict.) כאילין ע׳, v. עֲלִימוּת; a. e. ↗ expanded

עָלַם 3 = h. עוֹלָם, eternity, world &c. Targ. Gen. IX, 16. Targ. O. Ex. XXI, 6. Targ. Ps. LXI, 7; a. v. fr.—R. Hash. 31ᵃ שיתא אלפי שני הוי ע׳ וכ׳ the world shall last six thousand years, and one thousand years it will be waste. Gitt. 56ᵇ, v. חֲשֵׁב; a. v. fr.—Midr. Sam. ch. XXIV; Yalk. ib. 139 ע׳ דשקר the world of falsehood (this world); Lev. R. s. 26 (some ed. עולם, h. form); ע׳ דקושטא the world of truth (the hereafter). Sot. 10ᵇ, a. fr. ע׳ דאתי the world to come (= h. עולם הבא).—בית ע׳ the house of eternity (euphem. for ‘the house of death’) burial ground, cemetery. Lam. R. to I, 5. Lev. R. s. 12, beg.; a. e.—Kidd. 80ᵇ אינשי דע׳ common people (opp. to scholars).—כל ע׳, כולי ע׳ (abbrev. כ"ע), v. כּוֹלָּא. Ber. 36ᵇ כ"ע לא פליגי all the authorities mentioned agree; a. v. fr.—בְּעַלְמָא in a general way, merely. Targ. Y. Lev. XXVI, 24; 28.—Sabb. 103ᵇ, v. בגלטורי. Ib. 9ᵇ להזיע בע׳ merely to sweat (not to bathe); לעיוני בע׳ merely to examine (not to do any labor); a. v. fr.—Pl. עָלְמִין, עָלְמַיָּיא; constr. עָלְמֵי. Targ. Ps. IX, 8. Targ. O. Ex. XV, 18; a. fr.—Targ. Is. XLII, 11 בתי עַלְמֵיהוֹן their graves (v. supra). ↗ expanded

עַלְמָה , v. עֶלֶם II ↗ expanded

עַלְמוּת , v. עֲלִימוּת ↗ expanded

עֻלֵּמָא , pl. עֻלֵּמָן, v. עוּלֵים. ↗ expanded

עַלְמִין ʿAlmin (Elymais, Neub. Géogr. p. 381). Snh. 94ᵃ כי מטו ע׳ אמרי כי עלמין when they (the exiles) came to ‘Almin, they said, it is like our world (Jerusalem; Rashi: like the house of eternities, the Temple). ↗ expanded

עַלְמַת ʿAlmath (Youth). Targ. II Sam. III, 16 (ed. Wil. עַלְמֻת); ib. XVI, 5 (h. text בחורים, בחרים). ↗ expanded

עָלַע , v. עִלְעֵל II ↗ expanded

עֲלַע = h. צֵלַע, side, rib. Targ. O. Gen. II, 22 (Y. ed. Vien. עִילָאָה; ib. 21 עִלָּאָה).—Trnsf. beam, board. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XLIV, 19 ע׳ מן בית אבא a board of my father’s house (a member of the family &c.).—Pl. עִלְעִין, עִילְ׳. Targ. Gen. III, 21. ↗ expanded

עִלְעוֹל c. (עִלְעֵל I) whirlwind, hurricane. Cant. R. to III, 4 (ref. to כסופות, Is. XXI, 1) אין לך ע׳ קשה יותר מן העי׳ הזה … ומכסיף וכ׳ there is no wind more vehement than that which comes from the north and rises and makes pale the creatures in the south.—Pl. עִלְעוֹלִין, עִי׳. Koh. R. to VII, 1 [read:] כמה ע׳ היא מזדווגת how many storms the ship may encounter. ↗ expanded

עַלְעוֹל Targ. Is. XXIX, 6 (h. text רעם). Targ. Job IV, 15 (h. text שערת!); a. fr.—Trnsf. misfortune, trouble. Targ. Y. I Num. XXI, 14 ע׳ דסגירותא the misfortune of leprosy (h. text סופה; v. Ber. 54ᵃ bot.). Targ. Job XXXVIII, 1 ע׳ דצערא; ib. XL, 6 עַלְעוֹלִיתָא (ed. Lag. עַלְעוֹלְתָּא).—Pl. עַלְעוֹלִין. Targ. Jer. IV, 13. Targ. Ez. XIII, 11; a. e.—Y. Ber. II, 5ᵃ אתון רוהין וע׳ וכ׳ (ed. Krot. עַלְעוֹלֵי) winds and storms (demons) came and tore him away from me; Lam. R. to I, 16. ↗ expanded

עַלְעוֹלִיתָא f., v. preced. ↗ expanded

עַלְעִיתָא (= עלעלתא, v. עָלַל, a. עִילָה) pretext, opportunity. Targ. II Esth. I, 16. ↗ expanded

עלְעִל (reduplic. of עָלַל) to drive about, hurl. Kil. VII, 7 הרוח שעִלְעֲלָה וכ׳ if a wind cast grape vines over standing grain. ↗ expanded

עַלְעֵל Targ. Job XXVII, 21. ↗ expanded

עִלְעֵל (transpos. of לעלע, reduplic. of לוע; cmp. געגע) to sip. Ḥull. 22ᵇ משיְעַלְעֲלוּ Ar. (ed. משיְעַלְעוּ) when they are old enough to sip (expl. ib. by ref. to יעלעו, Job XXXIX, 30; misinterpreted by Abayi, as if fr. עִלְעָא, to bleed from the side, when the wing is severed); Tosef. ib. I, 15 מששלעלו ed. Zuck., read with Var. משעִילְעֲלוּ. ↗ expanded

עָלַף 1 , II), Pi. עִילֵּף to enclose, encase (cmp. Arab. ġalaf).—Part. pass. מְעוּלָּף; f. מְעוּלֶּפֶת. Gen. R. s. 54 המע׳ מבין שני וכ׳ thou (Ark) encased between the two Cherubs; (Midr. Sam. ch. XII המפוארה בשני כרובים; Ab. Zar. 24ᵇ מפוארת בעדי עדיים). ↗ expanded

עָלַף 2 to turn, change. Hithpa. הִתְעַלֵּף, Nithpa. נִתְעַלֵּף (interch. with הִתְעַלְפֶּה, formed fr. a noun עלפה, v. Ez. XXXI, 15) to change off, take turns. Tosef. Taan. I, 8 ולא היו מִתְעַלְּפִין עליה וכ׳ they did not change off (in watching) over it, but one sat &c. to be overcome, faint, swoon. Ḥull. 3ᵇ שחט לפנינו … ולא נ׳ when he cut in our (the judges’) presence, without being overcome (his hand not trembling); ib. שמא יִתְעַלֵּף (Ar. יִתְעַלְפֶּה) lest his hand tremble; ib. ברי לי שלא נִתְעַלַּפְתִּי I am sure that my hand did not tremble. Sabb. 9ᵇ שמא יתעלפה he may swoon (in the vapor bath). Nidd. 69ᵇ שמא יתעלפה he may be in a swoon (and not really dead). Midr. Sam. ch. XXIII ומִתְעַלְּפִים, v. עוּף I; a. e. Pa. עוּלָּף same. Part. מְעוּלָּף; f. מְעוּלֶּפֶת; pl. מְעוּלָּפִים, עוּלָּפִין; מְאוּלָּפוֹת. Mekh. B’shall. Shir., s. 6 לא מוציאין ולא מכניסין מע׳ מריח הים neither inhaling nor exhaling, being overcome by the smell of the sea; Yalk. Ex. 248; Yalk. Job 927.—Cant. R. to V, 14 (ref. to מעלפת, ib.) מעולפ׳ כחן וכ׳ (through the study of the Law) the strength of man is broken, though it had been as hard as sapphires; [prob. to be read: מְעַלֶּפֶת (Pi.) it makes faint &c.]. ↗ expanded

עֲלַף ; Pa. עַלֵּף to be overcome with weakness. Ḥull. 3ᵇ לעַלּוּפֵי לא חיישינן we do not apprehend a sudden weakness of hands in slaughtering. ↗ expanded

עִלְפֶּה v. עָלַף II ↗ expanded

עָלַץ (b. h.) to rejoice. Erub. 53ᵇ ↗ expanded

עֲלָצָה , v. עֲלִיצָה ↗ expanded

עַלְקָא , v. עֲלוּקָא, עֲלוּקָה. ↗ expanded

עַלַּת (עלל) [turning about,] ladle. Erub. 53ᵇ (in enigmatic speech) ע׳ נקפת וכ׳, v. נְקַף I. Ib. [read:] יעדי כתר … ותיקפי ע׳ בכד וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) shall the crown (stopper) of another (jug) be removed, that the ladle may float like a ship &c.? ↗ expanded

עָלָתָא = h. עוֹלָה, burnt offering. Targ. Gen. XXII, 2; a. fr.—Targ. O. Num. XXVIII, 10, a. e. עָלָת constr., ed. Berl. (oth. ed. עֲלַת; Y. עוֹלַת); Targ. Y. ib. 6 עָלַת.—Pl. עָלָוָון, עָלָוָן, עֲלָ׳, עַלְ׳. Targ. Ps. LXVI, 13 (not עִלַווָן). Ib. 15; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִם v. עַם) junction; (prep.) with, near. Sabb. I, 8 עם השמש with the sun, i.e. as long as the sun shines, before sunset. Ib. II, 7 עם חשיכה, v. חֲשֵׁיכָה. Ber. 7ᵃ ותתנהג עם בניך וכ׳ and deal with thy children mercifully. Snh. 23ᵃ מי חותם עִמָּהֶן who is to sign as witness with them; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִם ² Targ. O. Gen. XXV, 11. Targ. Ps. LIV, 2 עִימָּנָא Ms. (ed. גַּבָּן). Targ. Job XXXII, 6 עִימְּכוֹן Ms. (ed. יַתְכוֹן); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַם עמם to press, crowd, join) gathering, crowd, people. Snh. 94ᵇ, v. עָיֵף. Men. 53ᵇ יבא זח … לעם זו let ‘this one’ (Moses) come and receive ‘this’ (the Law) … for ‘this people’ (Israel); a. fr.—עם הארץ, v. אֶרֶץ.—Pl. עַמִּים gentiles. Sabb. 14ᵇ, a. fr. על ארץ הע׳ concerning (importations from) heathen countries. Y. Shebi. VI, 36ᵇ bot.; a. fr.—V. עֲמָם. ↗ expanded

עַם ² Targ. Gen. XII, 2. Targ. Ez. XLV, 16. Targ. Cant. VI, 5; a. v. fr.—Erub. 14ᵇ, a. e. מאי ע׳ דבר, v. דְּבַר. Y. Kil. V, 29ᵈ bot. כל ע׳; Y. Yeb. XIII, beg. 13ᵇ כל עַמָּה, a. fr., v. כּוֹל. Sot. IX, 15 ע׳ דארעא = עם הארץ, ignorant people; a. fr.—Pl., v. עֲמַם II. ↗ expanded

עֲמָא , v. עֲמֵי ↗ expanded

עֵמָּא = אוּמָא, leaven; trnsf. passion. Esth. R. introd.; Gen. R. s. 16, v. נָשַׁף. ↗ expanded

עִמְאוּם , v. עִימְעוּם ↗ expanded

עמאוקו , v. עִמְקִי ↗ expanded

עָמַך 1 = אָמַד, to estimate. Y. Naz. IX, end, 58ᵃ; Y. Snh. IX, 27ᵃ bot., עֲמָדוּהוּ, v. אָמַד. ↗ expanded

עָמַך 2 (b. h.) to stand, stand up, rise; to remain, endure; to be ready. Ber. V, 1 אין עוֹמְדִין להתפלל וכ׳ you must not stand up (make ready) for prayer, &c., v. כּוֹבֶד. Ib. I, 2 שכן דרך … לַעֲמוֹד וכ׳ for princes generally rise at three hours. Ib. 3 (expl. ובקומך, Deut. VI, 7) בשעה שבני אדם עוֹמְדִים at the time when people get up (in the morning). Kidd. 71ᵃ עוֹמֵד בחצי ימיו a middle-aged man. Y. Snh. VIII, 26ᵇ ע׳ בדין stood before court. B. Mets. 47ᵇ מי שאינו עומד בדיבורו who does not stand by (keep) his promise. Kil. IV, 4 העומד that part of the fence which is unimpaired, opp. פרוץ. Neg. I, 3, sq. העומד the leprous spot which remained in its place (Lev. XIII, 28). B. Bath. 60ᵇ יכולין לעמוד בה, v. גְּזֵרָה. Ex. R. s. 2 בקש משה שיַעַמְדּוּ וכו׳ Moses prayed that from him should rise priests and kings; a. v. fr.—Esp. uses: ע׳ על a) to understand. Y. Shek. I, 45ᵈ, v. אוֹפִי; a. e.—b) to insist upon. Meg. 28ᵃ לא עָמַדְתִּי על מדותי, v. מִדָּה. Kidd. l. c. מְעַמֵּד על מדותיו Pi. (Rashi מַעֲמִיד Hif.)—c) to be reduced to. Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ ע׳ על חמשים it came down to fifty; a. fr. (of liquids) to settle, become consistent. Ab. Zar. 35ᵇ חלב טהור עומד milk of a clean animal curdles (can be made into cheese or butter). (of blades) to become dull (without being notched). Bets. 28ᵇ סכין שעָמְדָה מותר וכ׳ a slaughtering knife which has become dull may be sharpened on the Holy Day. עוֹמֵד ל־ standing ready, designated for. Pes. 13ᵇ, a. fr. כל העומד לזרוק וכ׳ whatever is ready to be sprinkled, is considered as if it had been sprinkled. Keth. 51ᵃ top; a. fr. ע׳ ב־ to resist. Cant. R. to VII, 8 כל … לעמוד בזנות he who can resister the temptation of lust; כאילו עומד בשתיהן as if he resisted both; a. e. Hif. הֶעֱמִיד to cause to stand, to place; to restore, preserve; to beget, produce. Y. R. Hash. I, 57ᵇ top הַעֲמִידוּ בימה put the dais up (to hold court). Tam. V, 6 היה מַעֲמִיד וכ׳ made the unclean priests stand in the eastern gate. Yeb. 62ᵇ הם הם הֶעֱמִידוּ תורה וכ׳ it was they who preserved the law (tradition) in those days. Ab. I, 1 הַעֲמִידוּ תלמידים הרבה rear many scholars. Num. R. s. 14 ה׳ בנים begot children. Koh. R. to I, 4 מה היא עומדת מַעֲמֶדֶת what does ʿomadeth (ib.) mean? She (the earth) preserves, v. תַּפְקִיד. Gen. R. s. 90 שכל ארץ וארץ מעמדת פירותיה each ground preserves its own fruits (when put into the ground). Ib. דברים שהן מַעֲמִידִין substances which conserve, v. קִטְמִית; a. fr.—2) to change the standing of; to enlarge; to reduce. Meg. 15ᵇ שתי אמות היה והֶעֱמִידוֹ על וכ׳ it was two cubits long, and he extended it to twelve. Macc. 24ᵃ (of the 613 laws of the Torah) בא דוד והֶעֱמִידָן על וכ׳ David came and brought them down to eleven (Ps. XV); בא עמוס והעמידן על אחת Amos came and reduced them to one (Am. V, 4).—3) ה׳ (על) עצמו to contain, check one’s self. Snh. 72ᵃ אין אדם מעמיד עצמו על ממונו no one will restrain himself from defending his property. Ib. 93ᵇ מַעֲמִידִין על עצמם בשעה וכ׳ they restrained themselves when they had a human need.—4) (of liquids) to make consistent, curdle. Ab. Zar. II, 5 מעמידין אותן בקיבת נבלה they make the cheese by putting into the milk rennet from an animal not ritually slaughtered. Orl. I, 7 המעמיד בשרף הערלה if one curdles milk by means of a resinous substance (an acid) from an ‘uncircumcised’ tree (v. עָרְלָה); a. e.—5) ה׳ על חזקתו to let a thing stand on the basis of its presumptive condition, to assume that the ordinary condition has not changed. Nidd. 2ᵃ הַעֲמֵד אשה על חזקתה assume that the woman has not changed her presumptive condition (of cleanness); העמד דבר על חזקתו assume everything to remain unchanged (until a change is proven). Keth. 75ᵇ; a. fr.—6) ה׳ על מדותיו (sub. עצמו), v. supra. Pi. עִמֵּד (sub. (sub. עצמו) to insist. Kidd. 71ᵃ, v. supra. to place; part. pass. מְעוּמָּד, q. v. ↗ expanded

*עֲמַד , to stay, dwell, v. עֲמַר II. Pa. עַמֵּד to place; part. pass. מְעַמַּד. Targ. Y. Gen. XXVIII, 13, v. עֲתַר. ↗ expanded

עֹמֶד preced.) stand. Tanḥ. Vayiḳra 8 עמוד במקום עוֹמְדְּךָ stay where thou standest. ↗ expanded

עָמָד 1 (v. עָמַד II, urin-soaked dung. Gen. R. s. 39 בית הע׳, v. דָּהוֹן. ↗ expanded

עֶמֶך f., v. עוּמָד ↗ expanded

עֲמָדָה 2 f. = הַעֲמָדָה, q. v. ↗ expanded

עמדה , Y. Sabb. IX, 11ᵈ, v. עֲמִידָה I, a. עֲמֵילָא. ↗ expanded

עַמָּה , v. עַמָּא ↗ expanded

עֵמָּה , v. עמָּא ↗ expanded

עָמֶה , v. עמי ↗ expanded

עַמּוּד column, stand. Ex. R. s. 1, ע׳ השן an ivory column. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵃ אדם … ועומד אחורי הע׳ וכ׳ a man enters a synagogue and stands behind a stand praying silently, and the Lord listens. Bab. Ber. 28ᵇ (of R. Joḥănan) ע׳ הימיני thou right-hand pillar (cmp. I Kings VII, 21). Ex. R. s. 2, end (ref. to הנני, Ex. III, 5) במקום עַמּוּדוֹ של עולם וכ׳ thou standest in the place of the pillar of the world; Abraham said, here am I, and so dost thou; Tanḥ. Sh’moth 19; a. fr.—Trnsf. (v. מַעֲמַד) the group of people belonging to the maʿămad. Y. Taan. IV, 67ᵈ bot.; Y. Pes. IV, beg. 30ᶜ cylinder around which a scroll is rolled, handle. Yad. III, 4 אינו … עד שיעשה לו ע׳ does not make the hands unclean, until he fastens a handle to it. B. Bath. 13ᵇ כדי לגול ע׳ blank margin wide enough to roll around the cylinder. Ib. 14ᵃ ספר תורה … ועושה לו ע׳ אילך ואילך a scroll of the Law is rolled (on both sides) towards the middle of it, therefore it must have a handle on each side; Y. Meg. I, 71ᵈ; a. fr.—Pl. עַמּוּדִים, עַמּוּדִין. Ib.ᶜ top; Snh. 22ᵃ, v. וא"ו; a. e. ע׳ השחר the morning dawn. Ber. I, 1; a. fr. the fecal mass in the rectum; also the jet of urine when being discharged. Ber. 62ᵇ; 25ᵃ ע׳ החוזד וכ׳ a suppressed discharge produces dropsy. Ib. כנגד ע׳ בלבד only in the sight of urine at its discharge; a. e. (bot.) the central stalk of onions &c., the scape. Ukts. I, 2 הע׳ שהוא מכוון וכ׳ the scape as far as it is surrounded by the edible part, the scape within the bulb; ib. 3 הע׳ שאינו מכוון וכ׳ that part of the scape which protrudes above the bulb.—[B. Bath. IV, 5 עמודין, v. עֲכִירִים.] ↗ expanded

עַמּוּד ² column, stand. Targ. Y. Gen. XIX, 26. Targ. Ex. XIII, 22; a. fr.—עמוד קריצתא = h. עמוד השחר, v. preced. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXII, 25.—Keth. 17ᵃ איפסיק ע׳ דנורא וכ׳ a column of fire was interposed between him and the rest of the world; ib. 77ᵇ; a. fr.—Pl. עַמּוּדִין, עַמּוּדַיָּא, עַמּוּדֵי. Targ. Ez. XLII, 6. Targ. Y. Gen. XLVI, 28; a. fr.—Ber. 8ᵃ לא מצלו אלא ביני ע׳ וכ׳ they prayed only between the columns (or stands, of the building) where they used to study; ib. 30ᵇ. Gen. R. s. 34, end; Yalk. ib. 61, v. מַזְגָּא II; a. fr. continuous flow, jet. Ab. Zar. 73ᵃ צירצור קטן דלא נפיש עַמּוּדֵיה a small bottle the jet from which is not large; חבית דנפיש עַמּוּדָהּ (not עמודיה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 400) a jug whose jet is large. ↗ expanded

עַמּוּדָא 2 ʿAmmuda (Stand), near Cæsaræa. Y. Dem. II, 22ᶜ bot. פונדקא דע׳ the inn of ʿAmmuda. ↗ expanded

עַמּוֹן (b. h.) pr. n. gent. Ammon, a people descended from Ben Ammi, the son of Lot; mentioned chiefly in connection with Moab. Pes. 119ᵃ בני ע׳. Yad. IV, 3 ע׳ ומואב מעשרין וכ׳ Jewish inhabitants of the land of A. a. M. must give the poor man’s tithes in the Sabbatical years; Yeb. 16ᵃ; Ḥag. 3ᵇ. Gitt. 38ᵃ; Ḥull. 60ᵇ, v. סִיחוֹן; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַמּוֹנִי preced.) Ammonite. Y. Snh. X, 28ᵈ top היין הע׳ שהוא קשה Ammonite wine which is strong; Bab. Snh. 106ᵃ. Yeb. VIII, 3. Ib. 69ᵃ, a. e. עמוני ולא עמונית a converted male Ammonite is excluded from intermarriage, but not a female, v. מוֹאָבִי; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עמּוּם , v. עִימְעוּם I ↗ expanded

עָמוּס , v. עָמַס ↗ expanded

עָמוֹס (b. h.) pr. n. m. Amos, the prophet. Macc. 24ᵃ, v. עָמַד. Lev. R. s. 10, beg. שלחתי את ע׳ וכ׳ I sent Amos, and they named him Psellos (stammerer), v. עָמַס; Koh. R. to I, 1; Pesik. Naḥ., p. 125ᵇ; Yalk. Is. 307. Ned. 38ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded

עָמוֹק deep, low; (of color) light-shaded (which in the perspective looks lower, while the darker shade appears to protrude). Sifra Thazr., Neg., ch. I מה לשון עמוק עמוקה כמראה החמה שהם עמוקים מן הצל what does ‘deep’ (Lev. XIII, 2, sq.) mean? A depression, like the sun-lit spots (in a painting &c.), which have the semblance of being deeper than the shaded spots (which appear to be raised); Ḥull. 63ᵃ כמראה חמה העמוקה מן הצל; Tosef. Neg. I, 5 מראה ע׳ שבהן כמראה חמה בצל the lower shade among them is like the reflection of light on a shaded spot. Y. Succ. III, 53ᵈ (expl. אדמדם שבאדומים) זהורית ע׳ ‘low’ (light) crimson. Men. V, 8, a. e. מרחשת ע׳ marḥesheth is a deep pan, v. מַחֲבַת; a. fr.—Pl. עֲמוּקִּים, עֲמוּקִּין; עֲמוּקּוֹת. Sifra l. c.; a. e.—עֲמוּקָּה f. (as a noun) depression. Ib. ↗ expanded

עִמּוּר , v. עִימּוּר ↗ expanded

עמורא , Y. Sabb. IX, 11ᵈ some ed., v. עֲמֵילָא ↗ expanded

עֲמוֹרָאָה (denom. of עַמְרָא) wool-dealer.—Pl. עֲמוֹרָאֵי. B. Bath. 22ᵃ (Ms. H. עַמְרוֹיֵי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). ↗ expanded

עמי (cmp. עמם) to be dark, dim, faint. Tanḥ. Yithro 13 קולו ע׳ וכהה the sound he produces becomes fainter and duller (the longer he blows); Yalk. Ex. 284 קולו ע׳, opp. מגביה. Hif. הֶעֱמָה to become faint. Tanḥ. Haăz. 7 (play on עׄמׄיאל בן גׄמׄלׄי, Num. XIII, 12) העׄמׄה כחו … וגׄמׄלׄ וכ׳ his strength failed him, because he said …, and he brought it upon himself that he did not enter Palestine. ↗ expanded

עֲמֵי , to be dim; trnsf. to be faint, grieved. Targ. Lam. IV, 1 (ed. Amst. עַמָּא). Targ. O. Lev. XIII, 6; 56 עָמָא ed. Berl. (oth. ed. עַמְיָא; Y. עַמָּא). Ib. 26 עָמְיָא ed. Berl. (oth. ed., a. Y. עַמְיָא).—Targ. Is. LXI, 3. Targ. Ez. XXI, 12 ותֶעְמֵי ed. Wil. (ed. Lag. ותעימי, read ותִיעֲמֵי; Ar. ויִתְעֲמֵי, Ithpe.).—Targ. Is. LIX, 11 עָמֵינָא (ed. Lag. עמנא; ed. Wil. עסינא; h. text נֶהֱמֶה).—Lam. R. to IV, 1 איך עמא וכ׳ how has the gold become dim (transl. יועם ib.). Ber. 53ᵇ דעַמְיָא ואזלא when the flame is growing dimmer and dimmer.—Ḥull. 38ᵃ ע׳ קלה her voice is getting fainter, opp. עבי is strong. Ithpe. אִתְעֲמֵי, אִיעֲמֵי to become faint, v. supra. ↗ expanded

עַמְיָא (preced.) dimness, twilight. Ruth R. to I, 17 לעידן ע׳ (קטן וגדול) at twilight time; (Koh. R. to IX, 4 לעידן רמשא). ↗ expanded

עֲמִידָא (עָמַד Hif.) [concrete,] urine-soaked dung. Gen. R. s. 39, end, v. דָּהוֹן; Yalk. Josh. 17 עמירה (corr. acc.); Y. Sabb. IX, 11ᵈ; Y. Ab. Zar. III, 43ᵃ bot. (corr. acc. to Yalk. l. c.).—[Ἀμίς, ίδα, which is referred to by Mus. in Ar. corresponds neither in form nor in meaning to our word.] ↗ expanded

עֲמִידָה 2 (עָמַד) standing, standing up. Y. Keth. IV, 28ᵇ עֲמִידַת ב"ד appearing before court (institution of proceedings). Shebu. 30ᵇ בעדים … בע׳ as to witnesses before court, all agree that they must stand. Ib. בעלי דינין בע׳ the parties must stand. Y. Bicc. III, 65ᶜ bot; Y. R. Hash. I, 57ᵇ top (ref. to Lev. XIX, 32) … אני הוא עמידת זקן תחלה I (the Lord) was the first to observe the standing up before an old man (by ref. to Gen. XVIII, 22, emended instead of, ‘And the Lord was yet standing before Abraham’, v. תִּיקּוּן); Lev. R. s. 35. Keth. 111ᵃ אל תרבה בע׳ וכ׳ do not stand too much, for standing is injurious to the heart. Ib. 111ᵇ, v. סְמִיכָה; a. fr.; v. יְשִׁיבָה.—Pl. עֲמִידוֹת. Y. Erub. V, beg. 22ᵇ כל ע׳ שעמד וכ׳ as often as he stood before Ahiya his teacher, he considered himself as if standing before the Divine Presence.—2) putting up, erection. Num. R. s. 12 המשכן נתקדש בע׳ ובפירוק וכ׳ the Tabernacle was consecrated by putting up and taking apart and by anointing. Yeb. 106ᵃ עֲמִידָתָהּ, v. יְשִׁיבָה.—Pl. as ab. Y. Yoma I, 38ᵇ bot. היה שם שבע ע׳ וכ׳ seven times was the Tabernacle (at its consecration) put up, and six times taken apart; a. e. endurance, existence. Num. R. s. 2 אם אין … בסיד אין לו ע׳ וכ׳ unless thou puttest sand into the cement, it will not last; so the nations cannot exist without Israel; a. e. that part of the daily prayers which must be read standing, usually called תְּפִלָּה. Treat. Sof’rim XVI, 12, v. קָדוֹשׁ. ↗ expanded

עֲמִיטְתָא , v. אֲמִיטְתָא ↗ expanded

עָמִיל (עָמַל; v. עֲמֵילָה) well-worked dough; עֲמִילָן של טבחים dough which cooks use to place over the pot. Pes. III, 1, defined ib. 42ᵇ פת תבואה וכ׳ bread made of grain not yet one-third ripe, which is put over the pot to absorb the froth; Y. ib. III, 29ᵈ מביא מלילות וכ׳ one takes ears not yet one-third full &c. B. Mets. 86ᵇ הללו לע׳ של ט׳ (these quantities of flour) were used for the cooks’ dough only.—[Ἄμυλον, which is referred to by Mus. to Ar., corresponds to our word neither in form nor in meaning (v. Sachs Beitr. I, 148), besides this etymology is contradicted by פת עֲמֵילָה.] ↗ expanded

עֲמֵילָא (עֲמַל) hard worker. Gen. R. s. 39, end תמן … לפועלא טבא ע׳ (not עמידה) there (at a certain) place they call a good working man ʿămela; Yalk. Josh. 17; Y. Sabb. IX, 11ᵈ; Y. Ab. Zar. III, 43ᵃ bot. (corr. acc.); v. דָּהוֹן, a. עֲמידָה I.—[B. Mets. 15ᵃ ועמיליהון, v. עַמְלָא.] ↗ expanded

עֲמֵילָה (עָמַל; v. עָמִיל) well-worked; פת ע׳ well-kneaded bread. Pes. 37ᵃ.—Sabb. 62ᵇ (in lascivious language) פת ע׳ an old prostitute, v. סָעַד. ↗ expanded

עֲמִיסָה (עָמַס) loading. Ex. R. s. 4, beg. (ref. to נשאתי, Num. XVI, 15) אין נשיאה אלא לשון ע׳ the verb nasa means loading (i.e. Moses did not make any one’s ass carry his load). ↗ expanded

עַמִּיק = h. עָמוֹק, deep, (of color) faint, light-shaded. Targ. Lev. XIII, 3; a. fr.—Trnsf. obscure, indistinct; profound. Targ. O. Ex. IV, 10 (h. text כבד). Targ. Is. XXXIII, 19.—Pl. עֲמִיקִין, עֲמִיקֵי. Targ. Prov. XVIII, 4. Ib. XXV, 1. Targ. Ps. XCII, 6. Targ. Ez. III, 5 ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. עִמְקֵי); a. e.—Fem. עֲמִיקָא, עֲמִיקְתָּא. Targ. Prov. XXV, 3. Ib. XXII, 14 (ed. Wil. עֲמִקְ׳); a. e.—Taan. 23ᵇ [read:] בדוכתא ע׳ צניעא (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 400) in a depressed, retired place. Gen. R. s. 63; Yalk. ib. 110 מילתא ע׳ הוא דין this (that the name Israel includes Abraham) is a deep word (because it explains Ex. XII, 40; v. אִיסוֹפּוֹלִיטְיָא). ↗ expanded

עַמִּיק ² (preced.; cmp. עָמוֹק) dark inflamed spot, rising, swelling. Targ. O. Lev. XIII, 43; ib. 10 (h. text שאת), v. עָמְקָא. ↗ expanded

עֲמִיקוּ , v. עִמְקִי ↗ expanded

עֲמִיקְתָּא , v. עַמִּיק I, II. ↗ expanded

עָמִיר tuft, spike, esp. ear of grain; (mostly collective) sheaves. Sabb. VII, 4 המוציא … ע׳ וכ׳ he who carries out ears (fit for fodder) as much as a lamb’s mouthful. Tosef. Dem. I, 17. Sifra K’doshim, Par. 1, ch. III leave for the poor תלתן בע׳ fenugrec in the spikes; Y. Peah IV, beg. 18ᵃ. Tosef. Shebi. II, 13 פול המצרי שזרעו לע׳ Egyptian beans which one planted for the sake of the spikes (as fodder). Y. B. Bath. V, beg. 15ᵃ בשזרעו לע׳ (not משזרען) when he planted the fenugrec for the spikes, opp. לזרע. Tosef. Succ. I, 4, v. פְּקִיעַ I; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עָמִירָא Targ. Am. II, 13. Targ. Mic. IV, 12; a. e.—Targ. Prov. XXVII, 25 (h. text חציר; v. Syr. עמיר, P. Sm. 2921). ↗ expanded

עמירה , Yalk. Josh. 17, v. עֲמִידָה I ↗ expanded

עָמִית , v. עֲמָם) nationality, community; (sub. איש) m. country-man, associate, fellow. Shebu. 30ᵃ (expl. עמיתך, Lev. XIX, 15) עַם שֶׁאִתְּךָ וכ׳ the people joined to thee in the Law and in duties. Ib. עולא חבירנו ע׳ וכ׳ ‘Ula, our friend, fellowman in the Law &c. ↗ expanded

עָמֵל 1 (b. h.) to labor, take pains; to be wearied. Deut. R. s. 11 זו היא שילום … שעָמַלְתִּי וכ׳ is this the payment for the service of forty years during which I worked hard, until they became a holy and faithful people? Yalk. Prov. 950 מדבר בעוֹמְלֵי תורה it refers to those studying the Law industriously; Tanḥ. ed. Bub., Mick. 2 בעֲמֵלֵי; a. fr.—Part. or adj. עָמֵל; f. עֲמֵלָה; pl. עֲמֵלִים, עֲמֵלִין; עֲמֵלוֹת. Cant. R. to I, 2 מה המים … כל מי שהוא ע׳ בהן וכ׳ as water raises plants, so the words of the Law raise him who works at (studies) them sufficiently. Deut. R. l. c. ולא אמר בעֲמֵלֶיהָ … בעושיה and he (Moses) did not say (in his blessing, blessed be who delights) in those laboring to study it, or in those who meditate on it, but in those who do it. Ber. 28ᵇ אני ע׳ והם ע׳ I wear myself out (in study), and they wear themselves out (in vanities). Ab. II, 2 כל הע׳ עם הצבור יהיו ע׳ וכ׳ (Var. העוסקים … עוסקים) all those who are engaged in public affairs must do their work for the sake of heaven (disinterestedly); a. fr. Pi. עִימֵּל to work through, knead, esp. to stimulate and heat the body (v. Hithpa.). Sabb. 147ᵇ מפני שמְעַמֶּלֶת ומרפא (read with Alf.: ומרפאת, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10) because it (the mud of Dimsith) exercises the body and loosens (the bowels). Hithpa. הִתְעַמֵּל to be kneaded, have massage. Ib. XXII, 6 סכין … אבל לא מִתְעַמְּלִים וכ׳ you may have yourself ointed and rubbed on the Sabbath, but not kneaded or scraped. to wear one’s self out, esp. to exercise (and heat) the body. Tosef. Peah IV, 10 Hillel bought for a poor man of good breeding סוס שהיה מִתְעַמֵּל בו a horse on which to take exercise; Y. ib. VIII, 21ᵃ bot. להִתְעַמֵּל בו; (Keth. 67ᵇ לרכיב עליו). Tosef. Sabb. XVI (XVII), 22 אין רצין בשבת כדי להִתְעַמֵּל וכ׳ you must not run on the Sabbath for the sake of exercise, but you may walk in an ordinary way the entire day. ↗ expanded

עֲמַל 1 Targ. Jon. IV, 13. ↗ expanded

עָמֵל 2 m., v. עָמֵל I ↗ expanded

עָמָל preced. wds.) toil, trouble; fruit of labor, achievement. Midr. Till. to Ps. XC, 10 אפי׳ מלכותו ע׳ ואוו even man’s rulership is toil and vanity; Yalk. ib. 841. Ber. 17ᵃ אשרי מי … ועֲמָלוֹ בתורה blessed he that has been reared in the Law, and whose toil is in the Law. Gen. R. s. 31 שהיתה … בעמלו של רשע a curse rested on the wicked man’s labor. Ex. R. s. 22 שלא היה בעמלו גזל in whose acquired property there was no robbery; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 39 בית הע׳, v. דָּהוֹן. ↗ expanded

עֲמַל 2 Targ. Gen. III, 17 (h. text עצבין). Targ. O. Deut. XXVI, 7. Targ. Ps. VII, 17 Ms. (ed. לעותא); a. e.—Esp. acquisition, income, rent. B. Bath. 67ᵃ מגבינן אפי׳ מע׳ דבתי we used to collect (the daughter’s share, v. עִישּׂוּר) even from house rents; Keth. 69ᵃ (not דביתי; Rashi: דבֵיתֵיה).—Pl. עַמְלִין. B. Mets. 15ᵃ אינון ועַמְלֵיהוֹן וכ׳ Rashi a. Tosaf. (ed. ועמיליהון) (I vouch for) themselves (the lands), and the income from them and eventual improvements; [Ar. a. Tosaf. עמליהון the cost of acquisition, original value]. ↗ expanded

עֲמֵלָא , v. עֲמֵילָא ↗ expanded

עֲמֵלָה , v. עָמֵל I ↗ expanded

עָמַם v. אָמַם) [to be pressed,] to be dim. Tosef. Sabb. III, 2 גחלים שעָמְמוּ coals which have become dim (ceased to flame). Pes. 75ᵇ; a. e.—Ib.; Sabb. 77ᵇ, a. e. עוֹמְמוֹת, v. אָמַם. to press, quench. Part. pass. עָמוּם; f. עֲמוּמָה, pl. עֲמוּמוֹת. Lev. R. s. 26 (ref. to Ez. X, 2). ששה … גחלים ע׳ בידו וכ׳ for six years these coals were kept quenched in Gabriel’s hand. Pu. עוּמָּם to become dim. Y. Orl. III, 63ᵃ bot. גחלי ערלה שעוּמְּמוּ וכ׳ (not גידולי … שעיממו) embers of Orlah wood are permitted for use. Pilp. עִמְעֵם (with (with על) to cover up, supress a case; to disregard the late, act irregularly (in an emergency). Y. Sot. IX, 23ᵈ bot. ולא … ועִימְעַמְנוּ על דינו and that having seen the murderer we have not let him go, or quashed his case. Num. R. s. 9; Tanḥ. Naso 7; Sifré Num. 7 (ref. to ונעלם, Num. V, 13) שלא … ומְעַמְעֵם not that her husband saw (her improper conduct) and covered it up (connived at it). Y. R. Hash. III, beg. 58ᶜ מְעַמְעֲמִין על הנראה לעברו ואין מעמעמין וכ׳ we may act irregularly (ignore the testimony), when the new moon has been seen (on the night of the twenty-ninth to the thirtieth day), if it is necessary to intercalate a day, but we must not ignore the law, when the new moon has not been seen in due time, in order to proclaim the New Moon Day (on the thirtieth day). Y. Shebi. VIII, 38ᵃ bot.; Y. Sabb. I, 3ᶜ bot., a. e. עִימְעֲמוּ עליה והתירוה they disregarded the law, and permitted it (the bread); עמעמו עליה ואסרוה they ignored the law (that permitted it), and forbade it. (cmp. הִבְהֵב) to be like embers; trnsf. a) to be undecided. Y. Snh. V, end, 23ᵃ שלא ייראה דין זה יוצא מעמעם that the verdict in this case should not appear to go forth undecided (because the jury could not arrive at a majority of two against the defendant; Bab. Snh. 42ᵃ כדי שלא יצאו מבית דין מעורבבין).—b) to nod consent without showing anxiety. Y. Ber. V, 9ᶜ bot., v. הִבְהֵב. ↗ expanded

עֲמַם 1 , to be dim, v. עֲמֵי. Ithpe. אִתְעֲמַם to be made or become dim. Targ. Koh. XII, 2, sq. *. עַמְעֵם to make dim. Targ. Is. VI, 10 (ed. Lag. טַמְטֵם), v. טְמַם. ↗ expanded

עֲמָם = עַם, people.—Pl. עֲמָמִים, עֲמָמִין gentiles, esp. the seven nations of Canaan. Gen. R. s. 41, v. אֱמוֹרִי; Tosef. Sabb. VII (VIII), 23. Ib. 25 ואין לך בכל הע׳ מתון וכ׳ of all the (seven) nations none is so patient as the Emorite. Y. Shebi. VII, 36ᵇ bot. אבותיך ירשו ארץ של שבעה ע׳ וכ׳ thy ancestors inherited a land of seven nations, and thou shalt conquer a land of ten nations. Y. Sot. I, 17ᵇ top בשבעה … לאסור שבעה ע׳ in seven passages it is said, ‘thou shalt not make marriages with them’, … to prohibit the seven Canaanitish nations; Num. R. s. 9; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲמַם 2 , esp. (= גּוֹי) gentile. Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד מאת׳ 7) גמלא ע׳ the camel driver is a gentile.—Pl. עַמְּמַיָּא, עַמְּמִין, עַמְּמֵי. Targ. Deut. XXXII, 8 (Y. II אומיא). Ib. XIV, 2 (ed. Berl. עַמְ׳, without Dagesh). Targ. Ps. LXIX, 9 עממין (ed. Lag. a. oth. עַמִּין). Targ. I Kings VIII, 41; 43; a. fr.—Yoma 71ᵇ (alluding to Sh’maya and Abtalion who were said to be descendants of Sennacherib) ייתון בני ע׳ לשלם may the sons of gentiles go in peace; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲמַמְאִיתָא (preced.) gentile woman. Targ. II Esth. II, 9. ↗ expanded

עֲמָמִי (preced.) gentile. R. Hash. 20ᵃ אפשר בע׳ it may be done through a gentile.—Pl. עֲמָמִים, עֲמָמִין. Bets. 6ᵃ; 22ᵃ; Sabb. 139ᵇ יתעסקו בו ע׳ let gentiles attend to his burial. Ib. (Chald.) יתעסקון ביה עממין. ↗ expanded

עָמַס (b. h.) [to press, be pressed,] to carry a load. Cant. R. to VIII, 6 עוֹמְסֵי גרנות those who carry the crops to the granaries.—Part. pass. עָמוּס a) laden, heavy; ע׳ בלשונו of heavy tongue. Lev. R. s. 10, beg. למה נקרא שמו עמוס שהיה ע׳ בלשונו he was named Amos, because he was a stammerer; Yalk. Is. 307; (Pesik. Nah., p. 125ᵇ שהיה פסילוס וכ׳).—b) (in a secret letter) officer. Snh. 12ᵃ עֲמוּסי וכ׳, v. נַחְשׁוֹן. Pi. עִמֵּס to load.—Part. pass. מְעוּמָּס. Tanḥ. P’ḳudé 3 והוא מע׳ מן בנים וכ׳ and he is laden (with troubles) on account of sons and daughters (depending upon him). ↗ expanded

*עֲמַס to press (the teeth together). Targ. Job XVI, 9 ed. Lag. a. oth. (Ms. Var. עאס; ed. Wil. עסי); v. עֲסֵי. ↗ expanded

עִמְסוֹנִי (perh. fr. Amasia, in Pontus) ʿImsoni, surname of two Tannaim, Simon and Nahemia. Pes. 22ᵇ; Y. Ber. IX, 14ᵇ bot. ↗ expanded

עִמְסוֹנָיָיא surname of R. Jacob, an Amora. Y. B. Mets. IV, end, 9ᵈ ↗ expanded

עִמְעוּם , v. עִימְעוּם ↗ expanded

עִמְעֵם , v. עָמַם, עֲמַם I ↗ expanded

עָמַץ (v. אָמַץ; cmp. עָמַס) to press. Pi. עִימֵּץ to close the eyes. Sabb. XXIII, 5 אין מְעַמְּצִין וכ׳ Mish. ed. (Y. ed. מאמצ׳; Bab. ed. 151ᵇ מְעַצְּמִין, Ms. M. מעמ׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. notes) you must not close the eyes of a deceased on the Sabbath והמְעַמֵּץ עם יציאת וכ׳ (Y. ed. מא׳; Bab. ed. המעצים) and he who closes the eyes of a dying person &c. Ib. (in Gemarah) המעמץ (Ms. M. המאמץ). Ib. 77ᵇ, v. אָמַץ. Hithpa. הִתְעַמֵּץ to be closed, to close itself. Ib. 181ᵇ הרוצה שיִתְעַמְּצוּ עיניו וכ׳ Ms. O. a. early eds. (Ms. M. שתאמץ, incorr.; ed. שיִתְעַצְּמוּ) he who wants to have the eyes of a deceased closed &c.; Tosef. ib. XVII, (XVIII), 19 הרוצה לעַמֵּץ. Ib. והן מתאמצות וכ׳; Sabb. l. c. והן מִתְעַמְּצִין וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. מתעצמין) and they will close themselves, v. אָמַץ. ↗ expanded

עֲמַץ , Pa. עַמֵּיץ same. Bets. 22ᵃ דקא ע׳ ופתח for you closed and opened your eyes, v. סִיעַ ch. Snh. 110ᵃ top כל דחזי לה … ע׳ עינוי ואזיל Ar. (differ. in ed.) whoever saw her … closed his eyes and went off. ↗ expanded

עָמַק (b. h.) to be depressed, deep. Hif. הֶעֱמִיק to deepen. Ex. R. s. 1 הֶעֱמִיקוּ עצה וכ׳ they laid deep plans that the Lord etc. to grow deeper. Yalk. Is. 302 (play on תפתה, Is. XXX, 33) אף היא מתפתה … ומרחבת ומַעֲמֶקֶת it (Gehenna) likewise extends every day and becomes wider and deeper.—[Cant. R. to IV, 4 והיה מעמקו some ed., v. עָקַם.] ↗ expanded

עֹמֶק , v. עוֹמֶק ↗ expanded

עֵמֶק preced. wds.) valley. Shebi. IX, 2 גליל העליון … והע׳ Upper Galilee, Lower Galilee, and the (Galilean) valley; תחום טבריא הע׳ the district of Tiberias is the valley (of Galilee). Tosef. ib. VII, 10 ההר והע׳ והשפלה the mountain land, the valley, and the lowland. Ib. אוכלין מבהר על שבע׳ (in the Sabbatical year) you may eat the mountain fruits as long as the same kind is still to be had in the valleys. Ib. הר והורו ע׳ ועִמְקוֹ וכ׳ mountain land and an elevation on it, a valley and a depression in it, lowland and a lower plain in it (are respectively subject to the same laws); Y. ib. X, 38ᵈ bot. (corr. acc.). Ib. מלוד עד הים ע׳ from Lydda to the sea is the valley (of Judæa), v. שְׁפֵלָה; a. fr.—Pl. עֲמָקִים. Ib. סימן לע׳ תמרים the presence of palms indicates valleys; Tosef. l. c. סימן לע׳ דקלים. pr. n. pl. ʿEmeḳ, in the district of Tyre. Tosef. Shebi. IV, 9 (Y. Dem. II, 22ᵈ top אמון). ↗ expanded

עִמְקָא valley.—Pl. עִמְקַיָּא. Targ. I Chr. XXVII, 29 ed. Lag. (ed. Rahmer עִמְקָאֵי, ed. Wil. עִמְקָאַיָּה, dwellers in valleys). depth.—Pl. constr. עִמְקֵי. Targ. Ps. LXIX, 3 (ed. Wil. עָמְקֵי), v. עוּמְקָא I.—[Targ. Ez. III, 5 עִמְקֵי, v. עַמִּיק I.] ↗ expanded

עָמְקָא (v. עַמִּיק II) dark (inflamed) spot, rising, swelling(h. . Targ. O. Lev. XIII, 2; 10; 19; XIV, 56.—Constr. עֵימַק. Ib. XIII, 28 (Mss. עוֹמַק, עוֹמֶק, עֲמַק).—Pl. עָמְקְוָון stains. Targ. Am. VI, 4 (ed. Lag. עִימְקְוָון, Ar. עמקיין, עומקיין; ed. Wil. עוּמְקִין; h. text סרוחים; v. Sabb. 62ᵇ ומסריחין ערסותם בשכבת זרע וכ׳). ↗ expanded

עִמְקָאָה = h. עִמְקִי.—Pl. עִמְקָאֵי, עִמְקָאַיָּה, v. עִמְקָא. ↗ expanded

עִמְקוּתָא (cmp. עוּמְקָנָא) trickery, insidiousness. Targ. Hos. VII, 16 (Regia עֲקִימוּת; h. text זעם). ↗ expanded

עִמְקִי (עֵמֶק) belonging to the valley. Kel. XXVI, 1 סנדל ע׳ sandals worn in valleys, Maim. (others: made in K’far Imḳi, v. infra). Ḥull. 63ᵃ עורב הע׳, v. עוֹרֵב. כְּפַר ע׳ pr. n. pl. K’far Imḳi. Taan. 21ᵃ Ar. (ed. עמיקי, Var. עמיקין; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 60). Tosef. B. Kam. VIII, 10 כ׳ עמאוקו ed. Zuck. (Var. עמאייק, נימאייק); B. Kam. 79ᵇ כפר עמיקון Ms. M. (ed. כפר עכג, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). ↗ expanded

עֲמִקְתָּא , v. עַמִּיק I ↗ expanded

עָמַר to be thick, tufty.—Denom. עָמִיר. (cmp. חָמַר I) to heap up, pile. Ukts. II, 5 והבצלים שעֲמָרָן, Var. for שחמרן.—Denom. עוֹמֶר. Pi. עִימֵּר (denom. of עוֹמֶר) to bind and pile sheaves; to harvest. Peah V, 8 המְעַמֵּר וכ׳, v. כּוֹבְעָה, a. חֲרָרָה. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᶜ top חרש זרע … קצר עי׳ וכ׳ he ploughed, he sowed …, he cut, piled up, threshed &c.; Bab. Ber. 58ᵃ עמר. Sabb. VII, 2. Y. Peah IV, 18ᵈ bot. בקוצר שורה ומעמר שורה when he cuts a row and puts it up in sheaves at a time; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְעַמֵּר (b. h.) (with ב) to make one’s self the master of; to make use of a person as a servant. Snh. XI, 1 (85ᵇ) (expl. Deut. XXIV, 7) אינו חייב עד שיכניסנו לרשותו he is not guilty of abduction, unless he brought the person to his own grounds; (oth. opin.) עד … וישתמש בו unless he brought the person to his own grounds and made use of him; Sifré Deut. 273. ↗ expanded

עֲמַר 1 , Pa. עַמֵּר ch. as preced. Pi. Targ. Ps. CXXIX, 7. ↗ expanded

עֲמַר 2 (Syr. עמר P. Sm. 2918; Arab. ʿamar; cmp. עמד) to stay, dwell. Targ. Prov. XXX, 28 עָמְרָא (ed. Lag. a. oth. עמדא). Ib. XXV, 24 מעמר ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. מֶעְמַד). ↗ expanded

עֹמֶר , pl. עְמָרִים, v. עוֹמֶר. ↗ expanded

עֲמַר 3 (עמר I, cmp. עָמִיר a. אִימַּר) = h. צֶמֶר, wool. Targ. Ps. XXXIX, 12, v. גַּרְדֵּם. Targ. Deut. XXII, 11. Targ. Lev. XIII, 48; a. fr.—Ḥag. 15ᵇ, v. יוֹרֶה II. B. Bath. 74ᵃ, a. e. גבבא דע׳, v. גְּבָבָא. Yoma 71ᵇ; Zeb. 18ᵇ; a. fr.—גופנא(ד) ע׳ cotton, v. גּוּפְנָא. ↗ expanded

עָמְרָא , v. עיּמְרָא ↗ expanded

עַמְרוֹיֵי , v. עֲמוֹרָאָה ↗ expanded

עַמְרָם (b. h.) pr. n. pl. Amram, father of Moses. Sabb. 55ᵇ. Ex. R. s. 1; a. fr. A., an Amora. Y. Macc. I, beg. 31ᵃ רב ע׳; Y. Shebi. X, 39ᶜ (insert רב). ↗ expanded

עַמְרָנִיתָא (עַמְרָא) woolly, tufty substance. Sabb. 20ᵇ בע׳ דאית ביה it means the woolly substance in it, v. שׂוּכָּא. Ib. (expl. אִידָּן, ib. II, 1) ע׳ דביני ביני the woolly bast between (the bark and the wood of the willow); v. עִירָנִיתָא ↗ expanded

עַמְּתוּ ʿAmm’thu (ʿAmmete, v. Hildesh. Beitr., p. 48, note 335; Neub. Géogr. p. 249). Y. Shebi. IX, 38ᵈ bot. צפון ע׳ the Biblical Zaphon (Josh. XIII, 27) is ʿA. ↗ expanded

עַמְּתָן ʿAmm’than (prob. same as preced.). Y. M. Kat. III, 82ᵃ ↗ expanded

עָן (v. עָאן) small cattle, sheep; (mostly collect.) flock, fold. Targ. Gen. XXX, 31, sq. Targ. I Sam. XVII, 28; a. fr.—Lam. R. to I, 9, v. בַּקְרוּתָא I.—Pl. עָנִין, עָנַיָּא. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 14 (ed. Vien. ענון, corr. acc.). Targ. Y. Gen. XXXI, 43; a. e.—Cant. R. to III, 6 [read:] והוה אבונן יעקב מעבר ע׳ דמלאכא מעבר וחוזר וכ׳ and our father Jacob transferred the angel’s sheep, again and again, and always found one more to take across (v. Gen. R. s. 77). ↗ expanded

עֲנָא , v. עֲנֵי ↗ expanded

עָנַב (cmp. ענף) to intertwine, fasten by means of a loop, contrad. to קָשַׁר. Sabb. 113ᵃ לא יהא קושרו אלא עוֹנְבוֹ he must not knot (the broken rope) but loop it; Tosef. ib. XII (XIII), 16 עוֹנְבִין אותו. Sabb. l. c. ובלבד שלא יַעַנְבֶנּוּ provided he does not fasten it with a loop. Tosef. Erub. XI (VIII), 19; Y. ib. X, 26ᶜ bot. משלשל מלמעלן ועוֹנֵב וכ׳ he pulls the cord down and makes the loop at the bottom; Bab. ib. 102ᵇ עוֹנְבָהּ; a. fr.—Part. pass. עָנוּב; f. עֲנוּבָה; pl. עֲנוּבִים &c. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. V, 6 קשור וע׳ if the handle is tied to the vessel with a knot or loop. Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 3 הרי אתם קשורים ע׳ תפוסים you are now tied, looped, held fast (by the covenant); a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲנַב Targ. Y. Ex. XXVIII, 28 Ar. (ed. ויטכס׳; h. text וירכסו).—Erub. 97ᵃ לִיעַנְבִינְהוּ מִיעֲנַב let him fasten them with a loop. Succ. 33ᵇ לִיעַנְבֵיה מיענב let him tie it (the Lulab) &c. Men. 38ᵇ לעַנְבָן כולהו בהדדי (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 40) to make a loop of all of them together; a. e. Ithpe. אִיעֲנַב to be looped. Ib. אלימי דלא מִיעַנְבֵי ואי הוו קטיני מיענבי if the threads are too thick to allow a loop, but long enough to be looped if they were thinner; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֵנָב c. (b. h.; preced.) grapes with the tendrils, also berry. Y. Ned. XI, 42ᵈ קונם תאנה … ועוד ע׳ I swear that I will not taste figs and furthermore (after thirty days) grapes.—Pl. עֲנָבִים, עֲנָבִין; const. עִנְּבֵי, עִי׳. Ib. Gen. R. s. 19 סחטה ע׳ וכ׳ she (Eve) pressed grapes and gave him the juice to drink. Pes. 49ᵃ משל לע׳ הגפן בע׳ הגפן (a marriage between a scholar and a scholar’s daughter is) like bunches of grapes combined with bunches of grapes; לע׳ הגפן בע׳ הסנה (a scholar married to an ignorant man’s daughter is) like a bunch of grapes with berries of thorns. Snh. 99ᵃ יין המשומר בעֲנָבָיו מששת וכ׳ wine preserved in its grapes from the six days of creation (future reward of scholars); Ber. 34ᵇ.—Succ. III, 2 ענביו מרובות מעליו if the berries on the myrtle exceed its leaves; a. fr. (cmp. σταφύλωμα) a growth on the eye. Bekh. VI, 2 ועֵינָב (Ar. וענב; Bab. ed. 38ᵃ עצב, corr. acc.); ib.ᵇ עצב (corr. acc.); Sifra Emor, ch. II, Par. 3 עֵינָיו (Rab. ענב); v. אֵינָב. ↗ expanded

עִנְּבָא cluster, grape. Targ. Y. Deut. XXXII, 14 (ed. Vien. עִנְבָּא).—Pl. עִנְּבִין, עִנְּבַיָּא, עִנְּבֵי, עִי׳. Targ. Gen. XL, 10; a. fr. [O. ed. Berl. עִנְּ׳ with Dagesh, oth. ed. a. Y. עִנְב׳, also עִנְבּ׳, a. עֲנָב׳.]—Targ. Y. ib. XXVII, 25 חמרא דמיצטנע בעִינְבּוֹי (not בעינבויֵי) = יין המשומר בענביו, v. preced.—Naz. 34ᵇ; (38ᵃ); B. Mets. 106ᵇ, v. כְּרוּם ch. (cmp. next w.) standing corn, fruits on the trees &c. Ned. 62ᵃ הוו גנבו ליה עִינְּבֵיה (some ed. עֲנִיבֵיה) they used to steal his crops; Yalk. Deut. 940 עילבי (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עֲנָבָה (preced.) stalk of grapes. Keth. 111ᵇ מביא ע׳ אחת וכ׳ will bring in one stalk on a wagon or a ship … and will use its wood for cooking; ואין לך כל ע׳ וע׳ שאין וכ׳ and there will not be a stalk yielding less than thirty kegs of wine. Y. Naz. VI, 55ᵃ bot.; a. fr.—Pl. עֲנָבוֹת. Ib.; a. e. [ramified plants,] standing corn, fruit on the tree, crop. Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ bot. (ref. to II Sam. XXIII, 11, a. I Chr. XI, 13) עדשים היו אלא שהיתה ע׳ שלהן יפה כשל שעורין it was a field of lentils, but their growth was as fine as that of barley; Ruth R. to II, 9 (Par. 5 beg.) עִנְּבוּתָן דּוֹמָה לשעורין (ed. Wil. דומין, corr. acc.); (Midr. Sam. ch. XX שמלתם, read: שִׁבּוֹלְתָּם, v. שִׁבּוֹלֶת; Yalk. Sam. 165 היו גבוהים כשעורים).—Peah. I, 2 לפי רוב הע׳ (Var. in Maim.) according to the quantity of the standing crop; [ed. העֲנָוָה, Ms. M. העֲנָיָה]. Ib. VI, 7 כאילו היא ע׳ של שעורים Y. ed. (Mish. a. Bab. ed. ענוה, Ms. M. עניה) as if it were a crop of barley; v. עֲנָוָה I. ↗ expanded

עֵנְבּוּל , v. sub עֵינְ׳, עִינְ׳. ↗ expanded

עִנְּבוּת , v. עֲנָבָה 2). ↗ expanded

עֵנַבְתָּא = h. עֵנָב berry; a berrylike excrescence. Ab. Zar. 28ᵃ ההיא ע׳ פרוונקא וכ׳ an ʿenabta (carbuncle?) is a forerunner of the angel of death. Ib. (as a remedy) ליתי ע׳ בת מינא וכ׳ let one get a berry of the same kind (in size and color), and roll it over &c. ↗ expanded

עָנַג (b. h.) to be pliable, soft, tender.—[B. Kam. 80ᵃ הענוגה Ar. s. v. ענג 2, mistaken reading for העגונה, v. עָגַן.]—Denom. עוֹנֶג. Pi. עִנֵּג to soften. Tosef. Maas. Sh. II, 1; Tosef. Ter. X, 4 מְענֶּגֶת שערה וכ׳ (Var. מעגנת, מעגלת, v. עָגַן, עָגַל) she may soften her hair by pressing it against her (the priest’s daughter’s) hair. (denom. of עוֹנֶג, with ref. to Is. LVIII, 13, ‘and callest the Sabbath a delight’) to celebrate pleasurably, to enjoy. Sabb. 118ᵇ כל המְעַנֵּג את השבת וכ׳ to him who observes the Sabbath with enjoyments, his heart’s desires are granted. Ib. במה מְעַנְּגוֹ wherewith does one make it enjoyable? Tanḥ. B’resh. 2 עַנְּגֵהוּ enjoy it (the Sabbath). Pesik. R. s. 23, end ובשבת הם באים ומְעַנְּגִים (prob. to be read: ומִתְעַנְּגִים) and on the Sabbath they come and enjoy themselves. Hithpa. הִתְעַנֵּג to enjoy one’s self; to indulge in luxuries. Ib. כל שהוא מִתְעַנֵּג בשבת שואל וכ׳ whoever enjoys the Sabbath may ask, and the Lord will grant (v. supra). Midr. Till. to Ps. CXLIX בא … הצדיקים מִתְעַנְּגִים come and see how the righteous enjoy luxuries (in the hereafter). Ib. והם מתענגים ואומרים וכ׳ and they act like persons used to comforts, saying, it is impossible to sleep in this bed &c.; a. e.—[Deut. R. s. 7, end היו מתענגים וכ׳ they enjoyed themselves by rolling in the flavored grass; prob. to be read: מִתְעַגְּגִים fr. עגג, v. גִּעְגֵּעַ.] ↗ expanded

עֲנַג ; Pa. עַנֵּיג to soften the skin by ointment, bathing &c.; to feel comfortable. Taan. 25ᵃ יהיבנא לך … דמְעַנְּגַת בהון I shall give thee, in the world to come, thirteen rivers of balsam oil clear as Euphrates and Tigris in which thou shalt find pleasure. to celebrate merrily. Tanḥ. B’resh. 2 לעַנּוּגֵיה במאכל וכ׳ to celebrate it (the Sabbath) joyfully with eating &c. ↗ expanded

עֹנֶג , v. עוֹנֶג ↗ expanded

ענד , Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. V, 5 שענדיהו כלי, read: שעוֹדֵיהוּ, v. עוֹד ↗ expanded

עָנָה , v. עני h. a. ch. ↗ expanded

עָנָו , v. עָנָיו ↗ expanded

*עַנְוָא , constr. עֲנְוַת (v. עֲנָוָה I) a divine grant, supply. Targ. Y. Ex. XVI, 13 Ar. (ed. אנחות).—[Targ. Y. I ib. XV, 27 ענווא (some ed. עניא), read: עֵינָא or עַיְינָא.] ↗ expanded

עֲנוּבָּא (עֲנַב) loop, noose.—Pl. עֲנוּבִּין, עֲנוּבַּיָּא, עֲנוּב׳. Targ. Ex. XXVI, 4, sq. (ed. Berl. עֲנוּבּ׳, Y. ed. עֲנוּב׳, also עִנּוּב׳); a. e. ↗ expanded

ענוביי , v. עַכְמַאי ↗ expanded

עִנּוּג , v. עִינּוּג ↗ expanded

ענָוָה 1 (עָנָה I) divine response to prayer, yield, fertility; (Maim. refers to Hos. II, 23, sq.). Peah I, 2; ib. VI, 7, v. עֲנָבָה 2; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲנָוָה 2 humility, lowliness, meekness, kindness. Sot. IX, 15 (49ᵃ) משמת רבי בטלה ע׳ וכ׳ with Rabbi’s death ceased humility and fear of sin. Ib. 49ᵇ לא תיתני ע׳ דאיכא אנא do not read (in the Mishnah) ‘humility’, for there am I (striving after it). Arakh. 16ᵇ ע׳ שלא לשמה humility not for its own sake (e.g. you forbear to rebuke a friend, making yourself believe that you are unworthy to do so, whereas in fact you only fear to incur your friend’s ill will). Y. Shek. II, end, 47ᶜ קדושה מביאה לידי ע׳ ע׳ מביאה לידי יראת חטא holiness leads to meekness, meekness leads to fear of sin; Ab. Zar. 20ᵇ. Ib. ע׳ גדולה מכולן humility is the greatest virtue of all. Ab. d’R. N. ch. VII למד בני ביתך ע׳ (not למוד) train the members of thy household to be kind (to strangers). Der. Er. Zutta, ch. V הדר חכמה ע׳ הדר ע׳ יראה the beauty of wisdom is modesty, the beauty of modesty is fear of sin. Tanḥ. Bresh. 1; Y. Sabb. I, 3ᶜ top, a. e., v. סוּלְיָיס; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַנְוָוא , v. sub ענו׳ (with one Vav). ↗ expanded

עִנּוּי , v. sub עִינּ׳. ↗ expanded

עֶנְוָן = h. עָנָיו. Targ. Prov. XV, 33. Ib. XVI, 19; a. e.—Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵇ ר׳ הוה ע׳ סגין Rabbi was extremely meek; Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵃ עינוון; (Gen. R. s. 33 ענותן). Y. Snh. VI, 23ᶜ bot. ע׳ הוא סגי וכ׳ he is very kind and will believe thee; ib. X, 28ᶜ; a. fr.—Pl. עֶנְוָנֵי. Targ. Prov. III, 34. ↗ expanded

עַנְוַת , v. עַנְוָא ↗ expanded

ענותאי , v. עִנְוְתָנָא ↗ expanded

עִנְוְתָן (formed fr. עֲנָוָה) = עָנָיו, humble, forbearing, kind. Snh. 88ᵇ ע׳ ושפל ברך forbearing and low-kneed (polite). Sabb. 30ᵇ bot. לעולם יהא אדם ע׳ וכ׳ one should always be meek (patient) like Hillel, opp. קפדן impatient; (Ab. d’R. N. ch. XV עָנָו). Sabb. 31ᵃ עי׳ הלל ינוחו וכ׳ O thou forbearing Hillel, blessings rest upon thy head; a. fr.—Pl. עִנְוְתָנִין, עִנְוְו׳, עִינְ׳. B. Mets. 84ᵇ bot. שלשה ע׳ הן three persons are known for their humility. Ab. d’R. N. ch. VII בזמן … ענוותן ובני ביתו ע׳ וכ׳ when a man is kind (to strangers), and his household kind &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

עִנְוְתָן ² Targ. Num. XII, 3. Targ. Zeph. III, 12 (h. text עני); a. e.—Pl. עִנְוְתָנִין, עִנְוְתָנַיָּא, עִנְוְתָנֵי, עִנְוְו׳, עִינְ׳. Targ. Ps. IX, 13. Ib. 19. Ib. LXIX, 33; a. fr.—Snh. 11ᵃ sq. תא חזי מאי איכא בין תקיפי לע׳ בתראי … (Ms. M. לענותאי) come and see the difference between the rigorous rulers of former days and the mild of these latter days. ↗ expanded

עִנְוְתָנוּת (preced.) humility, patience, condescension. Meg. 31ᵃ כל מקום שאתה מוצא גדולתו … אתה מוצא עִנְוְותָנוּתוֹ wherever (in the Scriptures) you find a description of the greatness of the Lord, you also find a description of his condescension (towards the lowly). Sabb. 31ᵃ עינותנותו של וכ׳ Hillel’s patience brought us under the wings of the Divine Presence (caused us to embrace the Jewish religion); Ab. d’R. N. ch. XV עִנְיְתָנוּתְךָ הביאני וכ׳ (read: הביאתני) thy patience brought me &c. Gen. R. s. 74; Pesik. Shimʿu, p. 116ᵇ, a. e. קפדנותן … ולא עִנְוְתָנוּתָן של בנים rather the angry mood of the fathers (Jacob) than the patience of the sons (David); a. fr.—Snh. 19ᵇ, sq., v. תּוֹקֶף. ↗ expanded

עִנְוְתָנוּתָא Targ. Prov. XVIII, 12 (Ms. עֵינְ׳). Targ. Ps. XLV, 5; a. fr.—Sot. 40ᵃ מאי עִינְוְותָנוּתִיה וכ׳ what is known about R. Abbahu’s forbearance? M. Kat. 28ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֵנטַב = עֵין טַב, v. טַב III ↗ expanded

עני (b. h.) [to turn, come out in turn,] to begin to speak; to respond; to speak or sing in chorus; to answer. Tem. 16ᵃ עׄתנׄיאׄלׄ שעֲנָאוׄ אׄלׄ he was surnamed Othniel, because God answered his prayer (ref. to I Chr. IV, 10). Y. Sot. V, 20ᶜ top והן עוֹנִין אחריו על כל דבר ודבר and they (the class) repeat each sentence after him; משה … והן עונין אחריו אשירה Moses said, I will sing &c., and they repeated in chorus, I will sing &c. Ib. משה אמר עזי והן עונין וכ׳ Moses said, My strength &c., and they responded, I will sing &c. Tosef. ib. VI, 2 ועונין על כל עינין ועינין and they (the class) repeat each sentence. Ib. 3 ועונין אחריו עינין ראשון and they (the people) always repeated the first sentence (as refrain). Succ. 38ᵇ מצוה לַעֲנוֹת הללויה it is proper to say in response Halleluiah. M. Kat. III, 9 כולן עוֹנוֹת כאחת all start the dirge at once; אחת מדברת וכולן עונות אחריה one speaks, and all repeat in chorus after her, v. עִינּוּי I. Ber. 47ᵃ עד שיכלה אמן מפי העוֹנִים until the Amen of the responding company is finished. Pes. 36ᵃ לחם שעונין וכ׳, v. עוֹנִי. Y. Succ. III, 54ᵃ top אם בירכך גוי עֲנֵה אחריו אמן if a gentile blesses thee, say after him Amen; a. fr. Nif. נַעֲנֶה to be answered, to have one’s prayer granted. Sabb. 30ᵃ וכשאמר זכור … מיד נ׳ but when he said, Remember &c. (Ex. XXXII, 13), his prayer was at once granted. R. Hash. 18ᵃ זה התפלל ונ׳ וכ׳ one prays and is heard, another prays and is not heard; Koh. R. to IX, 11, v. פָּגַע. Gen. R. s. 60 [read:] שלשה הם שנַעֲנוּ במענה פיהם three persons (mentioned in the Scriptures) were answered as soon as they had uttered their prayer; Yalk. ib. 108; a. fr. to be called upon to speak; to answer, to deliver an opinion. Kidd. 40ᵇ נ׳ ר"ט ואמר וכ׳ R. Ṭ. (being asked his opinion) answered saying &c.; נַעֲנוּ כולם ואמרו וכ׳ all of them in turn answered saying &c.; Sifré Deut. 41; M. Kat. 28ᵇ (at a mourner’s house); a. fr. [to be made to respond Amen,] to be sworn; to promise allegiance. Y. Dem. II, 23ᵃ top הוא נ׳ לחבורה … נַעֲנִין לו he (the head of the house) promises allegiance to the order (v. חֲבֵרוּת), and the members of his house make the promise to him. Pi. עִינָּה to speak or sing in chorus, esp. to lament. M. Kat. III, 9, מְעַנּוֹת, v. עִינּוּי I. ↗ expanded

עֲנֵי Targ. II Esth. VI, 10. Targ. I Kings XII, 7.—Targ. Ps. XXXIV, 5 (Ms. עַנְיָינִי). Ib. CII, 3; a. fr.—Y. Succ. III, 54ᵃ top מה נַעְנֵי what shall we say in response? Ib. ר׳ יונה ע׳ הכין והכין R. J. responded, so be it, and so be it. Ab. Zar. 18ᵃ bot. אימא אלהא דמאיר עֲנֵנִי say, O God of Meïr, hear me; a. fr.—[Men. 17ᵃ עני מרי, v. עֲנֵי II.] Pa. עַנֵּי to speak or sing in chorus; to respond. Targ. O. Ex. XV, 21. Targ. II Esth. VI, 11. Ithpa. אִתְעַנֵּי, Ithpe. אִתְעֲנֵי, אִיעֲנֵי to be answered. Targ. O. Ex. XIX, 19. Targ. Prov. XXI, 13 נתעני ed. Wil. (ed. Lag. נַעֲנוֹי will answer him; h. text יֵעָנֶה).— (euphem.) to be gratified, be eased. Y. Shebi. III, 34ᶜ bot. ההן דאזיל ולא מִתְעַנֵּי … he who went out to ease his bowels without success; [perhaps to be read מתפני, v. פְּנֵי?] ↗ expanded

עני ² to press, be pressed; to be detained. Pi. עִינָּה to detain, postpone, esp. ע׳ דין to delay execution of capital judgment (which should take place on the day of sentence). Snh. XI, 4 (89ᵃ) אין מְעַנִּין את דינו של וכ׳ we must not put off his execution (opp. to the opinion משמרין אותו). Ib. 35ᵃ וליגמריה … נמצא אתה מְעַנֶּה את דינו shall we pass sentence on Friday and put him to death on Sunday? In such a case you would postpone his execution (against the law); v. עִינּוּי II. to cause privation; to cause to fast. Yoma 77ᵇ (ref. to ויענה, Gen. XXXIV, 2) התם שעִינָּהּ מביאות וכ׳ this may be interpreted, that he deprived her of other connections. Ib. VIII, 4 התינוקות אין מענין אותן וכ׳ we must not let children fast on the Day of Atonement, v. חָנַךְ; a. e.—Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה fasting. Tosef. Taan. II, 7; Erub. 41ᵃ כדי שלא יכנס לשבת כשהוא מע׳ that he may not begin the Sabbath fasting; Tanḥ. B’resh. 2.– to afflict, oppress, wrong. Mekh. Mishp., s. 18 (ref. to Ex. XXII, 22) עד שיְעַנֶּה וישנה until he practices oppression repeatedly; a. e.—Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה; pl. מְעוּנִּין. Yeb. 48ᵇ מפני מה גרים בזמן הזה מע׳ וכ׳ why are the proselytes of our days afflicted and subject to suffering? to violate, outrage. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Mic. II, 9) שהיו מְעַנִּים נשי וכ׳ they violated married women and caused them to be forbidden to their husbands. Lev. R. s. 19; a. fr.—Mekh. l. c.; Yalk. Ex. 349 אם כשלא תְעַנּוּן את הדין וכ׳ if your wives will be spared from widowhood and your children from bereavement, because you do not violate justice, how much more, when you execute justice. Nif. נַעֲנֶה to be afflicted, oppressed. Mekh. l. c. אלמנה … שדרכן לֵעָנוֹת בהן וכ׳ widows and orphans who are liable to be oppressed,—of them the text speaks (Ex. XXII, 21); Yalk. l. c. שדרכן לֵיעָנוֹת (not שדרכו). to humble one’s self; to submit to a person’s discretion, beg pardon. Ber. 28ᵃ נַעֲנֵיתִי לך מחול לי I submit myself to thee, forgive me. Pesik. R. s. 38 נעניתי לו I beg his pardon. Yoma 22ᵇ נעניתי לכם עצמות וכ׳ I beg your pardon, bones of Saul!; Yalk. Sam. 117 נעניתי לך שאול וכ׳. Keth. 67ᵇ נעניתי לך קום אכול I beg of thee, get up and eat. Tosef. Ohol. V, 12 נמיתי לכם עצמות וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. נמתי, read נעניתי) I beg your pardon, bones of &c. Hithpa. הִתְעַנֶּה, Nithpa. נִתְעַנֶּה to be afflicted, suffer. Sifré Deut. 130 שנִתְעַנּוּ, v. עִינּוּי II. to afflict one’s self, to fast. Ber. 8ᵇ (ref. to Lev. XXIII, 32) וכי בתשעה מִתְעַנִּין do men fast on the ninth (of Tishri)? R. Hash. 18ᵇ אין גזרת … רצו מתענין when there is no political persecution, but no peace, those who wish may fast &c. Erub. 41ᵃ והִתְעַנִּינוּ בו ולא וכ׳ we fasted, but not to the end of the day; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱנִי (denom. of עָנִי) to become poor. Keth. VI, 6. Ber. 33ᵃ חזרו והֶעֱנוּ when they (the Jews) became poor again. Meïl. 17ᵃ מי שיש לו אויב יַעֲנִי או יעשיר if one has an enemy, does one wish him to be poor or rich?; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲנֵי ² Pa. עַנֵּי to tarry, be detained, late. Y. Sot. I, 16ᵈ bot. חד זמן ע׳ דריש once he (R. Meïr) was long in preaching (preached to a late hour, or came late); Num. R. s. 9 אִיעַנֵּי דרשה (Ithpa., read דָּרוֹשָׁה or דָּרְשָׁא); Lev. R. s. 9 תנתא מדרשא (corr. acc.). Y. Bicc. III, 65ᶜ bot. חד זמן ע׳ מיסק (not מסיק) once he was late in coming; (Keth. 62ᵇ משכתיה שמעתא); a. e.—עַנִּי מרי be slow, my lord (a respectful form of interrupting and introducing an objection or correction). Men. 17ᵃ ע׳ מ׳ משמיה דרב וכ׳ beg pardon, sir; (do you mean to say) ‘in the name of Rab?’ Said he, yes. Ib. 81ᵃ ע׳ מ׳ ארבעין וכ׳ beg pardon, he deserves forty lashes (for exchanging sacrifices), and yet his act is legal?; Snh. 26ᵇ ע׳ מ׳ ארבעין … וכשר he deserves forty lashes, and yet his testimony is admissible? B. Kam. 49ᵇ ע׳ מורי וכ׳; [Rashi interprets: give answer, my lord, v. עֲנֵי I]. to afflict, oppress. Targ. O. Ex. XXII, 21, sq. Ib. I, 12 מְעַנַּן (Y. מְעַנְיַין); a. e.—Part. pass. מְעַנֵּי; pl. מְעַנָּן. Targ. Is. LIII, 4. to violate. Targ. O. Deut. XXII, 24 (ed. Amst. עָנֵי, corr. acc.); a. fr. (with, or sub. נפשא) to afflict one’s self, fast. Targ. Lam. III, 33 (ed. Amst. עָנֵי). Targ. Lev. XVI, 31; a. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Tanḥ. B’resh. 2 בשבת גופא לא מע׳ he does not fast on the Sabbath itself. Ithpa. אִתְעַנֵּי, אִיעַנֵּי to be delayed. Num. R. s. 9, v. supra. to be afflicted, suffer; to fast. Targ. I Kings II, 26. Targ. Zech. VII, 5; a. e.—Y. Ber. III, 6ᵇ top; Y. Naz. VII, 56ᵃ bot. בעי מזקפוניה ואשכחוניה איע׳ they wanted to help him up, but found that he was suffering; Koh. R. to VII, 2 (not איע׳ בדבורא).—4) to be violated. Targ. Lam. V, 11. Ithpe. אִיעֲנִי to become poor. Taan. 23ᵇ אמר לִיעֲנוּ ואִיעֲנוּ he said, let them become poor, and they became poor. ↗ expanded

עֹנִי m., v. עוֹנִי ↗ expanded

עַנִּי ch. = h. עֹנִי. Targ. O. Deut. XVI, 3 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. עָנִי, עֹנִי, עוֹנִי). ↗ expanded

עָנִי [afflicted, humble,] poor. Sabb. I, 1, sq., v. בַּיִת.—מעשר ע׳, v. מַעֲשֵׂר.—Ned. 64ᵇ, a. e. ארבעה ע׳ סומא וכ׳ … four classes of people are as if dead, the poor man, the blind &c. Ib. 41ᵃ אין ע׳ אלא בדיעה only he is poor who lacks knowledge. Keth. 68ᵃ ע׳ בדעת poor in disposition, illiberal, niggardly. Pes. 118ᵃ (expl. Ps. CXVIII, 1) שגובה … עשיר בשורו ואת ע׳ בשיו he collects the debt of man out of the good bestowed upon him, taking from the rich man his ox, from the poor man his lamb. Lev. R. s. 34, v. יַעַן. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵇ ואם היה ע׳ כופר בו but if his relative is poor, he disowns him; a. v. fr.—Pl. עֲנִיִּים. Ex. R. s. 31 (ref. to Ex. XXII, 24) אמרו … ומי הם עמך אמר להם הע׳ Israel asked the Lord, and who are thy people? Said he to them, the poor. Ab. I, 5 ויהיו ע׳ בני ביתך let the poor be members of thy household. B. Mets. 71ᵃ (ref. to Ex. l. c.) עֲנִיֶּיךָ ועֲנִיֵּי עירך וכ׳ as between thy own poor (relatives) and the poor of thy town, thy own poor have the first claim &c. Keth. 106ᵇ אף לא בשל ע׳ neither may you trade with funds designed for the poor. Peah I, 2 לפי רוב הע׳ according to the number of poor (dependent on the field corners, פֵּאָה); a. v. fr.—Fem. עֲנִיּה, עֲנִיָּיה. Keth. 62ᵇ ע׳ זו לשוא שימרה this poor woman has been waiting (for her husband) in vain. Y. ib. IX, 33ᵃ top מה נעשה באותה הע׳ what has been done in that poor woman’s case? Gen. R. s. 60 פתחו לאותה הע׳ open the gate for the poor animal; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַנְיָא Targ. Ex. XXII, 24. Targ. Ps. X, 2 (Ms. עֲנִיָה). Targ. Y. Deut. XVI, 3 לחמא ע׳ poor bread (h. text לחם עֹנִי); a. fr.—Sabb. 155ᵇ לית דע׳ מכלבא וכ׳ none is poorer than the dog, none richer than the swine. B. Kam. 92ᵃ, a. e. (prov.) בתר ע׳ אזלא עניותא poverty follows the poor, i.e. the poor man is always under a disadvantage. Keth. 106ᵇ (managers must not trade with the poor fund) דילמא מתרמי להו ע׳ וכ׳ lest the case of a poor man come up before them, and they have no cash to give him; a. fr.—Pl. עֲנִיֵּי. Targ. Ps. XII, 6. Ib. X, 12 Ms. (ed. עִנְוְתָנֵי). Targ. Prov. XXXI, 5; a. fr.—[Targ. Ps. XLI, 2 לעניי, v. עִנְיָנָא.]—[עניא, Targ. Y. I Ex. XV, 27 some ed., read: עֵינָא.] ↗ expanded

עֲנִיבָא , v. עִנְּבָא ↗ expanded

עֲנִיבָה 1 (עָנַב) fastening with a loop, opp. קשירה with a knot. Pes. 11ᵃ; Sabb. 113ᵃ; Succ. 33ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲנִיבָה 2 , berry; ע׳ דפילא elephant’s berry, name of a plant the stalk of which is quadrangular. Y. Shebu. III, 34ᵈ bot.; Y. Maasr. V, end, 52ᵃ אביבא דפ׳ (read: אֲנִיבָא); Y. Ned. III, 37ᵈ bot. ארכובה דיעלא (prob. to be read: דפילא) elephant’s foot (elephantopos). ↗ expanded

עֲנָיָה , v. עֲנָוָה I ↗ expanded

עֲנִיָּה 1 , fem. of עָנִי. ↗ expanded

עֲנִיָּה 2 ‘Ăniya Anathoth. Targ. Is. X, 30. ↗ expanded

עָנָיו submissive, meek, kind, patient. Ber. 6ᵇ אי ע׳ אי חסיד וכ׳ woe for the loss of the meek, … of the pious man, the disciple of Abraham!; Sot. 48ᵇ. Kidd. 71ᵃ אין מוסרין אותו אלא למי שצנוע וע׳ we do not communicate it (the Divine Name) except to one who is chaste and meek; a. fr.—Pl. עֲנָוִים. Y. Taan. III, 66ᶜ ענן שהוא עושה בריות ע׳ אלו לאלו the cloud is named ʿanan, because it (the rainfall) makes men kind to one another; Gen. R. s. 13; Yalk. Gen. 20; Yalk. Ps. 883 עניים (Var. ענוים). Succ. 29ᵇ; a. fr.—V. עִנְוְתָן. ↗ expanded

עֲנִיּוּת (denom. of עָנִי) misery, poverty; stint. Sabb. 33ᵃ; Kidd. 49ᵇ סימן לגסות (הרוח) ע׳ poverty is a symptom of haughtiness (haughtiness will be followed by poverty). Ib. מאי ע׳ ע׳ דתורה the poverty (of the Babylonians) means poverty of the Law (ignorance). Sabb. 102ᵇ; Keth. 106ᵇ, a. e. אין ע׳ במקום עשירות there must be no stint where there is wealth, i.e. you must not be small in large affairs. Ex. R. s. 31 אלו נתקבצו … והע׳ לצד אחר הע׳ וכ׳ if all suffering were gathered on one side, and poverty on the other, poverty would outweigh all. Ib. אמר הקב"ה … עֲנִיּוּתוֹ וכ׳ the Lord says (to the usurer), is not this man’s poverty enough, that thou &c.?; a. fr.—Esth. R. introd. (play on באניות, Deut. XXVIII, 68) בע׳ ממעשים טובים in thy want of good deeds.—Y. Kidd. III, 64ᵇ top בעֲנִיּוּתֵינוּ צריכה וכ׳ according to our poverty (of mind), she requires a letter of divorce from him. ↗ expanded

עֲנִיּוּתָא Targ. Ps. LXXXVIII, 10 ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. עַנִיתָא; oth. עַנִּיתָא). Targ. Job XXX, 16.—B. Kam. 92ᵃ, a. e. אזלא ע׳, v. עַנְיָא. Ḥull. 105ᵇ משום דקשי לע׳ because it is bad, for (it begets) poverty. Ib. שרא דע׳ the genius of poverty; Pes. 111ᵇ, v. אִיסְרָא II. Sabb. 140ᵇ בעֲנִיּוּתִי when I was poor; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲנִיָּיה , v. עֲנִיָּה ↗ expanded

עֲנָיָיה , v. עֲנָיָה ↗ expanded

עִנְיָין , v. sub עִנְיָ׳ (with one י). ↗ expanded

ענים , Pesik. R. s. 23, v. עַכּוֹ ↗ expanded

עִנְיָן [answer, corresponding affair,] correspondence, relation; subject, object, affair, idea. Sifra introd. שהוא כעִנְיָנוֹ in keeping with the general subject to which it is related, v. טָעַן I; שלא כענינו out of relation to the general subject. Kidd. 6ᵃ והוא שעסוקין באותו ע׳ provided they are engaged in conversation on that subject (of marriage). Ib. מע׳ לע׳ באותו ע׳ when their conversation changed from one point to another all, however, having relation to that subject (of marriage, e.g. about dowry, about the man’s financial condition). B. Bath. 114ᵃ כל זמן שעוסקין באותו ע׳ so long as the judges are engaged in that case (of donation), opp. כל זמן שיושבין so long as they are in session. Kidd. 43ᵃ אם אינו ע׳ לגופו תנהו ע׳ לכל וכ׳ if it (that word ההוא in the text) has no bearing on the subject itself (because a previous ההוא has already intimated the exclusion of a messenger), make it bear on all laws of the Torah (that you cannot authorize a deputy for an unlawful act). Tosef. Meg. IV (III), 5 [read:] בבית הוועד שואלין לעִנְיַין הפסח וכ׳ in the school house the subject of Passover laws is discussed thirty days (before the festival). Tosef. Sot. VI, 2, v. עָנָה I. Cant. R. to I, 10 (ref. to Num. XXVII, 1-11, a. 12-23) וכי מה ע׳ זה לזה what relation is there between these two subjects?; a. v. fr.—Pl. עִנְיָנוֹת, עִנְיָי׳, עִי׳. Tosef. Meg. l. c. מדלגין מע׳ הפסח הכתובין בתורה Var. ed. Zuck. (ed. בעניין, corr. acc.) they skip (make selections) from the Scriptural passages relating to Passover. Tosef. Sabb. XIII (XIV), 4 ברכות אע"פ וע׳ הרבה שבתורה וכ׳ … benedictions (prayers), even if there be in them some of the letters of the Divine Name and many selections from the Torah, should not be saved from fire (on the Sabbath); Y. ib. XVI, 15ᶜ; Treat. Sof’rim XV, 4. Y. Maas. Sh. IV, 55ᵃ bot. מה פליגין כשהפליגו דעתן לע׳ אחרים in what case do they differ? When they had turned their mind to other points, opp. to עסוקין באותו עניין (v. supra); Y. Gitt. VI, 47ᵈ bot. (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עִנְיָנָא Targ. Ps. XIX, 5 מתח עִנְיָנְהוֹן (ed. Lag. עִנְיָנֵיהוֹן, pl.) the extension of their purpose.—Ned. 51ᵃ אמר ליה כי ע׳ קדמאה he said to him something similar to the first proposition (‘let thy wife offer me a measure of wine’); עיביד כי ע׳ קדמאה do according to the first proposition. B. Bath. 9ᵃ עבדי ע׳ בהדי הדדי וכ׳ made an arrangement between themselves that &c. Ib. 114ᵃ sq. דיסליקו מע׳ לע׳ they turned from one affair to another; a. fr.—Pl. עִנְיָנִין, עִנְיָי׳, עִי׳. Targ. Cant. I, 11 סכום ע׳ וכ׳ the sum of their various interpretations is forty-nine. Targ. Ps. XLI, 2 לעִנְיָינֵי מסכנא Ms. (ed. לעניי, corr. acc.) to the affairs (needs) of the poor (cmp. Lev. R. s. 34, quot. s. v. זָכָה). ↗ expanded

עִנְיָנִי ʿInyani. Koh. R. to III, 11 ע׳ בר נחשון; (Y. Yoma III, 40ᵈ bot. אינייני בר סוסי). ↗ expanded

עָנִיץ , v. אָנִיץ ↗ expanded

עַנִּיתָא , v. עֲנִיּוּתָא ↗ expanded

עָנַן (b. h.), Pi. עִנֵּן to make cloudy. Part. pass. מְעוּנָּן; יום המע׳ a cloudy day. Neg. II, 2. Yoma 28ᵇ; a. fr.—[Polel עוֹנֵן, v. עוּן.] ↗ expanded

עֲנַן 1 (preced.) to gather clouds. Targ. O. Gen. IX, 14 בעֲנָנוּתִי. Pa. עַנֵּין to augur from clouds. Targ. II Kings XXI, 6. Targ. O. Lev. XIX, 26 תְעָנוֹן ed. Berl. (oth. ed. תְעַנּוּן, contr. of תְעַנְּנוּן; Ms. II תְעוֹנְנוּן, Pol. of עוּן).—V. מְעָנֵין, a. עָנְנָא. ↗ expanded

עָנָן 1 Anan, an Amora, disciple of Samuel. Y. Sabb. III, beg. 5ᶜ. Keth. 69ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עָנָן 2 (b. h.) cloud, frequently used in the sense of cover protection. Gen. R. s. 60 כל זמן … היה ע׳ קשור וכ׳ as long as Sarah lived, a cloud was tied over the entrance of her tent; וכיון שמתה פסק אותו ע׳ and when she was dead, that cloud ceased. Cant. R. to II, 6 וימינו זה עֲנַן שכינה וכ׳ … ‘and his right hand embraces me’, that means the cloud of the Divine Presence in the future world (with ref. to Is. LX, 19). Y. Taan. III, 66ᶜ, v. עָנָיו; a. fr.—Pl. עֲנָנִים. Taan. 9ᵇ (ref. to Gen. II, 6) מלמד שהע׳ מתגברים וכ׳ this teaches that the clouds (like a hose) swell and rise to the sky, and there open their mouth like a hose and receive the rain water; Gen. R. s. 13. Ib. אין ע׳ אלא מלמעלה clouds (like a hose to receive the waters) come from above (ref. to Dan. VII, 13); אין ע׳ אלא מלמטה the clouds come from below (ref. to Ps. CXXXV, 7); Y. Succ. I, 52ᵇ bot.; Yalk. Ps. 883. R. Hash. 3ᵃ (ref. to Num. XXI, 1) שמע … ונסתלקו עַנְנֵי כבוד he heard that Aaron was dead, and the clouds of glory were removed. Tanḥ. R’eh 16 משיב רוחות ומעלה ע׳ ומוריד וכ׳ causes the winds to blow, and the clouds to rise, and the rains to come down; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲנַן 2 Targ. Is. XLIV, 22. Targ. Job VII, 9 Ms. (ed. תננא). Targ. O. Lev. XXIII, 43 עֲנָנִי ed. Berl. (oth. ed. עננין); a. fr.—Ber. 59ᵃ דקטר בע׳ when the sky is covered with a light cloud, opp. עֵיבָא. Ib. דבריק בע׳, v. בְּרַק I. Gen. R. s. 13 כך הקב"ה … אייתי עֲנָנִיךְ וקבל וכ׳ so the Lord says to the earth, bring thy cloud (hose, v. preced.) and receive the rain; Yalk. Ps. 883; a. fr.—Pl. עֲנָנִין, עֲנָנַיָּא, עֲנָנֵי. Targ. II Sam. XXII, 12. Targ. Is. XLV, 8. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXI, 1 ע׳ דיקרא (= ענני כבוד, v. preced.); a. fr.—Ber. l. c. (expl. רעמים, ib. IX, 2) ע׳ בגלגלא clouds (rolling) in the sphere; (oth. opin.) ע׳ דשפכי מיא וכ׳ clouds (bottles, v. preced.) that empty the waters from one to the other; ib. ע׳ חלחולי וכ׳, v. חַלְחֵל; בריק ברקא ומנהמי ע׳ וכ׳ the lightning flashes and the clouds rumble, and then comes the rain. Taan. 25ᵃ שמעינהו לע׳ דאמרי נשדי מיטרא וכ׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) overheard the clouds say, let us cast rain on Ammon &c. Cant. R. to IV, 8 כד אינון נקיין מן ע׳ (some ed. עֲנָנָן, f.) when the heavens are cloudless; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עָנְנָא (עֲנַן I) interpreter of clouds, augur.—Pl. עָנְנִין. Targ. Is. II, 6. Targ. Jer. XXVII, 9 עָנְנֵיכוֹן ed. Lag. (oth. ed. עוֹנְנֵי׳). ↗ expanded

עֲנָנוּתָא , v. עֲנַן I ↗ expanded

עָנָף c. (b. h.; ramification, branch, foliage; locks. Men. 42ᵃ אין ציצית אלא ע׳ tsitsith (Num. XV, 38, sq.) means locks (fringes), as we read (Ez. VIII, 3) &c. Sifra Emor, Par. 12, ch. XVI (ref. to עץ עבת, Lev. XXIII, 40) את שעֲנַף עצו דומה וכ׳ (not עצן), v. עָבוֹת; Pesik. Ul’kaḥ., p. 183ᵇ עץ שע׳ עצו (corr. acc.).—Pl. עֲנָפִים. Succ. 32ᵇ שעֲנָפָיו חופין וכ׳; Y. ib. III, 53ᶜ bot., v. עָבוֹת. Ib. ענפיו חופות וכ׳ its (the Zargunah’s) foliage covers the largest portion of it, but forms no veil; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲנַף Targ. Ez. XVII, 8. Targ. Is. XVII, 6 (ed. Lag. צנפא; h. text אָמִיר). ↗ expanded

עָנַק to be narrow, elongated; denom. עֲנָק, עוּנְקָא &c. to press, force, rule. Gen. R. s. 26 (expl. עֲנָקִים) שהיו עוֹנְקִים גלגל חמה ואומרים הורד וכ׳ they seized the globe of the sun and said, Send us rain down; Yalk. ib. 47. Num. R. s. 16 (ref. to ילידי הענק, Num. XIII, 28) שראוהו שהיה עוֹנֵק את השמש they (the spies) saw him force the sun (to give rain); Tanḥ. Shlaḥ 7. Hif. הֶעֱנִיק same. Yoma 10ᵃ (ref. to Num. l. c.) שמַעֲנִיקִין החמה בקומתן they lorded it over the sun by virtue of their height; Sot. 34ᵇ (Rashi: they had the appearance of squeezing their heads into the sun). [to suspend around the neck, load,] to outfit the emancipated slave with gifts (Deut. XV, 14). Y. Kidd. I, 59ᶜ bot. אילו שמַעֲנִיקִין להן וכ׳ the following are those who must be sent away with gifts; Bab. Kidd. 16ᵇ. Ib. יכול לא יהיו מַעֲנִיקִים וכ׳ you might think that only he who is discharged after the expiration of six years of servitude, must be outfitted. Sifré Deut. 119 שאם הֶעֱנַקְתָּ … תַּעֲנִיק לו וכ׳ that when thou hast outfitted him once, thou must do it again &c. Kidd. l. c. כמה מעניקים לו how much must he be given?; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֶנֶק (preced.) an emancipated slave’s outfit. Kidd. 16ᵇ ע׳ עבד עברי לעצמו וע׳ אמה וכ׳ the outfit of a Hebrew slave belongs to himself, and that of a Hebrew handmaid to herself; ע׳ אמה העבריה ומציאתה וכ׳ the outfit of a Hebrew handmaid and what she finds belong to her father; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲנָק 1 giant. Num. R. s. 16, a. e., v. עָנַק.—Pl. עֲנָקִים. Gen. R. s. 26 (ref. to Gen. VI, 4) שבע שמות … ע׳ וכ׳ they (of that race) are called by seven names: Emim, … ʿĂnaḳim; Yalk. ib. 47, v. עָנַק. ↗ expanded

עֲנָק 2 [neck,] necklace, chain. Erub. 54ᵃ (ref. to Prov. I, 9) אם … כע׳ זה שרף על וכ׳ if a man trains himself to be like a necklace which is loose around the neck, and is (sometimes) seen and (sometimes) not seen (i.e. is yielding and modest), his learning will be established &c.; Yalk. Prov. 929 שיפה לצואר (read: שרָפֶה). Yalk. Ps. 675 the Law is ע׳ לצואר a chain for the neck (Lev. R. s. 12 מונייק). B. Bath. 75ᵃ לא זכה עושין לו ע׳ if he is not worthy, they will make a chain for him. [Ib. זכה עושין לו ע׳ if he is worthy, they will make a necklace for him; omitted in Ms. R.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 9.]—Pl. עֲנָקִים. Gen. R. s. 26 (they are called ʿĂnaḳim) שהיו מרבים ע׳ ע"ג עֳנָקִים they increased the chains around the necks (subjugated many people); Yalk. ib. 47. ↗ expanded

עֹנֶק (preced.) neck.—Pl. עֳנָקִים, v. preced. ↗ expanded

עִנְקָא (preced. wds.) neck, throat. Targ. Ps. LXIX, 4 עִינְקִי (ed. Wil. עֻנְ׳; Ms. עוּנְ׳). Ib. CXV, 7. Ib. CXLIX, 6; a. e.—Ber. 44ᵇ; Sabb. 140ᵇ, v. אוּנְקָא I. necklace, chain.—Pl. עִנְקַיָּא, עִי׳, עוּ׳. Targ. Jud. VIII, 21. Ib. 26 (ed. Wil. עֲנָקַ׳). Targ. Is. III, 19 (h. text הנטפות).—Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵇ bot. (expl. השהרנים, Is. III, 18) עוּנְקַיָּיה. ↗ expanded

עַנְקוֹקְלוֹת (= ענקלקלות; ענקל, dimin. of עֲנָק; cmp. עוּנְקְלָא) little beads (of a neclace), a name for undeveloped grapes. Orl. I, 8; expl. Y. ib. 61ᶜ top ענבים שלקו עד וכ׳ grapes which were smitten before they had grown to one-third of the normal size; (oth. opin.) אפי׳ לקו משהביאו וכ׳ even if they were smitten after having reached one-third of the normal size; ib. (as an abbreviation, נוטריקון) עׄנׄבין דלקׄו תלׄתיהון grapes smitten in the first of their three stages. Sifra K’dosh., ch. V, Par. 3. ↗ expanded

עֲנִקְלִין , v. אוּנְקְלָא ↗ expanded

עִנְקָמוֹן (denom. of עֲנָקִים; עֲנָק I) a troop of tall men (v. אִסְפַּתְרִי), body-guard. Gen. R. s. 65 מדינה שהיתה מכתבת ע׳ למלך a province that was levying a body-guard (of tall men) for the King; Yalk. ib. 114 כתבת ענקמין (corr. acc.); Yalk. Jer. 332 עוקמין (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עָנֵר (b. h.) pr. n. m. Aner, one of Abraham’s allies. Gen. R. s. 42; Tanḥ. Vayera 3; a. e. ↗ expanded

עָנַשׁ [to press,] to punish, fine. Zeb. 106ᵇ, a. e., לא ע׳ וכ׳, v. זָהַר. Snh. 54ᵃ, a. fr. אין עוֹנְשִׁין מן הדין, v. דִּין II.—Ib. 43ᵇ לא ע׳ על הנסתרות the Lord did not punish undiscovered transgressions (committed in Israel’s camps). Ib. 54ᵇ ע׳ והזהיר the text defines the penalty, and forbids the act; a. fr.—Part. pass. עָנוּשׁ punishable. Yeb. 47ᵃ ע׳ כרת doomed to extinction; ע׳ סקילה doomed to death by stoning; a. e. Nif. נֶעֱנַשׁ to be punished; to suffer. Sabb. 56ᵃ; Kidd. 43ᵃ (ref. to II Sam. XII, 9) מה חרב … אין אתה נ׳ עליו וכ׳ as well as thou art not to be punished for the use of the sword against the sons of Ammon, so shalt thou not be punished for the death of Uriah the Hittite. Sabb. 149ᵇ כל שחבירו נ׳ על ידו וכ׳ he through whose instrumentality a fellowman was punished (who was instrumental in causing a fellowman to sin), will not be entered within the precincts of the Lord. Yoma 22ᵇ מפני מה נ׳ שאול for what sin was Saul made to suffer? R. Hash. 16ᵇ; B. Kam. 93ᵃ, a. e. המוסר … הוא נ׳ תחלה he who appeals to the Lord for judgment against his neighbor, will himself be the first to be punished. Snh. 8ᵃ על דבר זה נ׳ משה for saying this (‘you shall bring to me’, Deut. I, 17) Moses had to suffer (by being compelled to admit his own incapability, Num. XXVII, 5); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲנַשׁ Men. 41ᵃ עַנְשִׁיתוּ אעשה do you (in heaven) punish a sin of omission? בזמן דאיכא ריתחא עַנְשִׁינָן when there is a time of divine anger, we do punish. Ithpa. אִיעַנַּשׁ, Ithpe. אִיעֲנֵישׁ to be punished. Erub. 63ᵃ ואי׳ רבי וכ׳ and R. Elazar … was punished (came to grief). Ib. bot. אפ"ה אי׳ nevertheless he came to grief (was degraded). Succ. 51ᵇ מ"ט אִיעַנְּשׁוּ why were they punished (to suffer execution under Hadrian)? Snh. 43ᵇ ועד השתא מ"ט לא אִיעֲנוּשׁ and up to that time why were they (the Israelites) not punished (for Achan’s misdeeds)? Ib. 44ᵃ top עכן מ"ט איענוש (supply עליה) why were they punished for Achan’s (undiscovered) sin?; Yalk. Josh. 18 עכן מ"ט איענש why was Achan’s sin visited (upon the people)? Bets. 16ᵃ לא לִיעַנְּשׁוּ וכ׳ (not לע׳) let gentiles not be punished for neglecting it; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֹנֶשׁ , v. עוֹנֶשׁ ↗ expanded

עֲנָשׁ constr. = h. עוֹנֶשׁ, fine, confiscation. Ezra VII, 26, quot. M. Kat. 16ᵃ ↗ expanded

עֲנָת ʿnath (prob. identical with עֲנָתוֹת). Yoma 10ᵃ; Sot. 34ᵇ אחימן בנה ע׳ Ahiman (Num. XIII, 22) built ʿĂnath. ↗ expanded

עַנְתָא = h. עוֹנָה I, marital duty. Targ. O. Ex. XXI, 10 עַנְתָהּ ed. Berl. (oth. eds. עוּ׳, עוֹ׳). time. Y. Ber. II, 5ᵃ bot. ע׳ דצלותא the time for prayer. Ib. III, 6ᵃ bot. ע׳ דמיכלא the time for meals. Gen. R. s. 33 מן עו׳ דיהבת וכ׳ from the moment thou didst put thy hand on it. Cant. R. to IV, 4 בההיא ע׳ נשתתק וכ׳ in that moment (then) the Samaritan was silenced. Num. R. s. 9 הא עַנְתִיךְ this is thy opportunity, v. עַנְיְיתָא. Koh. R. to XI, 2 הא ע׳ מייתון יתיה this is the opportunity to bring him. Ib. ענתה דמלעי the time for studying; a. fr. ↗ expanded

*עַנְתָּא (ענת, cmp. ענש, a. עֲנֵי II, 2, v. P. Sm. 2935) oppressor, wrong-doer. Targ. Prov. XVI, 33 דע׳ Pesh. (ed. דעצתא). ↗ expanded

עַנְתֹּדְרָיָא , v. עַנְתּוֹדְרָיָא ↗ expanded

עַנְתָה , v. עַנְתָא ↗ expanded

ענתה , Koh. R. to I, 11 ע׳ נסיא, ע׳ נסיע, read: אֲתָאנַסְיָא. ↗ expanded

עֵנְתּוֹדְרָיָא of En-Todros (?). Y. Shek. VI, 49ᵈ top ר׳ יודן ענתונ׳ (Bab. ed. Ms. M. יודן אנא תחדויה; ed. אבא היחדויזה, הידחויזה, prob. corrupt. of תיודוזיא Theodosia, equivalent of תודריא). Y. Ber. IV, 7ᶜ top ענתורדיא. Ib. 8ᵃ top ענתוריא; Y. Taan. II, 65ᶜ top ענתונד׳. Y. Sabb. IX, 12ᵃ bot. ענתדריא; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֵנְתּוּנָיָא of En Tuna (?). Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵇ חנינא ע׳. Y. Peah I, 16ᵇ חנניא ע׳. Y. Ber. VI, 10ᶜ bot. ענתנייה. Y. Orl. II, 62ᶜ top. Y. Ter. II, beg. 41ᵇ ענתונ׳.—Y. Ber. V, 9ᵃ top יוחנן ענתנייתא (?).—Cmp. עין תאנה, s. v. תְּאֵנָה.—[Gen. R. s. 29 חנינא אינוניתא, Ar. אין תתיה, prob. to be read: עין תונייה.] ↗ expanded

ענתורדיא , v. עֵנְתּוֹדְרָיָא ↗ expanded

ענתותא , v. next w. ↗ expanded

עַנְתּוֹתָיָא of Anathoth. Yalk. Is. 284 (ref. to Is. X, 30) הא ירמיה ע׳ וכ׳ Jeremiah of A. will come and prophesy reproofs against thee; Lam. R. introd., beg. ענתותא וכ׳ (corr. acc., or עַנְתּוֹתָאָה). ↗ expanded

ענתותים , v. next w. ↗ expanded

עַנְתִּיִּים (dial. for גּוּנְתִּ׳) Goths. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXV, end אם עשו שונא … אבל ברבריים וע׳ ושארית העמים מה עשיתי להם ed. Bub. (oth. ed. לב׳ ולענתותים מה עשה) if Esau (Rome) hates Jacob, it is because he took away his birthright, but what have I (has he, Jacob) done to the Barbarians (Germans), or to the Goths and the rest of nations?; Midr. Till. to Ps. CIX, end לברבריא ולשתותיא מה עשה (missing in ed. Bub.); Ms. 3: לברברים ולכותיים, Ms. 8 ולערביים, v. ed. Bub. note 2; read: ולגוֹתִיִּים or ולענתיים); Yalk. Ps. 702 לטבריים מה עשה לגוּנְתִּיִּים מה עשה (read לברב׳), v. גּוּנְתָּאִי. ↗ expanded

עֵנְתְּנָיָא , v. עֵנְתּוּנָיָא ↗ expanded

עִסְבָּא = h. עֵשֶׂב, herb, plants. Targ. Gen. I, 29. Targ. Ps. XXXVII, 2. Ib. XC, 5 (some ed. עִשְׂבָּא); a. e.—Pl. עִסְבִּין. Targ. Y. Gen. I, 30; a. e.—V. עֲשַׂב. ↗ expanded

עָסָה , v. עסי ↗ expanded

עַסְוָוס , v. סְוָוס ↗ expanded

עָסוּק , v. עָסַק ↗ expanded

עִסּוּק , v. עִיסּוּק ↗ expanded

עָסוּת (denom. of עִיסָה), pl. עָסִיּוֹת, עִיסִיּוֹת, leaven. Maas. Sh. II, 4 יתחלקו לעסות (Ms. M. לעסיות; Y. ed. לעיסיות) let them be divided into small portions to be used for leaven. Y. Ḥall. I, 57ᵇ עירס ראשי עיסיות if a person worked up (in the trough) morsels of dough for leaven. Ib. bot. חמש עי׳ five morsels &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

עסי , Pi. עִיסָּה, v. עָשָׂה. ↗ expanded

עֲסֵי , Pa. עַסֵּי to press, tread. Targ. Esth. I, 10. Targ. Job XXX, 17 דמְעַסָּן (not דמְעֲסָן).—Esp. to press the teeth together, gnash the teeth. Ib. XVI, 9 (v. עֲמַס). Targ. Lam. II, 16 (ed. Vien. עֲסִיאוּ Pe.). Targ. Ps. CXII, 10; a. e.—[Targ. Is. LIX, 11 עַסֵּינָא, v. עֲסַס.] ↗ expanded

עַסְיָא pr. n. pl., v. אַסְיָא 2.—[Weinstein, Beitr. zur Gesch. der Essäer, identifies our w. with Callirhoe and surroundings, hot springs on the east side of Jordan, near the Dead Sea.] ↗ expanded

עָסִיס v. עֲסַס) must, young wine. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXIII, end השמים מטיפין להן ע׳ the heavens shall drop wine for them. ↗ expanded

עָסִיס ² Targ. Esth. I, 7 חמר ע׳ (some ed. עֲ׳) young wine. ↗ expanded

עֲסִיסָא , Meg. 16ᵃ Ms. O., v. אֲצִיצָא ↗ expanded

עֲסִיסִית , v. עֲסָסִית ↗ expanded

עֲסִיקִין , pl. of עֵסֶק. ↗ expanded

עֲסִירָאָה , v. sub עֲשִׂיר׳. ↗ expanded

עֲסָסִיּוֹת ‘Ăsasiyoth, twin towns in Palestine. Gitt. 4ᵇ ↗ expanded

עֲסָסִית (עָסַס to stamp), pl. עֲסָסִיּוֹת, עֲסִיסִיּ׳, pounded wheat or peas. Tosef. Bets. I, 23 מפני שהן מאכל ע׳ (ed. Zuck. מפני שנאכל ע׳) because wheat may be eaten as a dish &c.; Y. ib. I, end, 61ᵃ; (Bab. ib. 14ᵇ לודיות). Sabb. 18ᵇ; Tosef. ib. III (IV), 1; Y. ib. III, 5ᵈ עסי׳; Y. Ter. II, 41ᶜ bot. ↗ expanded

עָסַק (cmp. b. h. עָשַׂק) (with ב) to work at, be engaged in. Sifra K’dosh., ch. VIII, Par. 4 ועוֹסֵק בו; Yalk. Lev. 619 ועוֹסְקֵנִי בו and busy myself with him (to punish him), v. עֵסֶק II. Ber. 11ᵃ (ref. to Deut. VI, 7, ‘when thou sittest in thy house’) פרט לעוסק במצוה this exempts (from reading the Sh’ma) him who is engaged in a religious work; Succ. 25ᵃ. Ib. והעוסק במצוה פטור מן המצוה מהכא נפקא וכ׳ is it from here (Deut. l. c.) that we derive the rule, that he who is engaged in a religious act is exempt from other religious duties? Ib. 26ᵃ. Pes. 50ᵇ לעולם יַעֲסוֹק אדם בתורה וכ׳ let man by all means be engaged in the study of the Law and the pursuit of religious work, even if not for their own sake &c., v. שֵׁם. Ib. וכל העוֹסְקִין במלאכת שמים and all those who make a living of religious work (deal in objects used for religious ceremonies &c.); ib. ואם עוסקין לשמה וכ׳ but if they do so from a religious motive &c.; a. fr.—Part. pass. עָסוּק; pl. עֲסוּקִין. Keth. 103ᵇ ר׳ חייא ע׳ במצות הוה R. Ḥ. was always engaged in some good work (charity). Tosef. Bicc. II, 15 וכל העסוקין לגבוה all whose business is connected with religion, v. supra. Ib. אם היו ע׳ לשום שמים, v. supra. Ex. R. s. 20 (ref. to Ex. XIII, 19) כל ישראל היו ע׳ בכסף וכ׳ while all Israel were busy taking along silver and gold, Moses was busy getting the bones of Joseph; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱסִיק to engage, keep interested, entertain. Yoma I, 7 ומַעֲסִיקִין אותו and they entertain him (to keep him awake); ib. 19ᵇ לא היו מעסיקין אותו וכ׳ they did not entertain him with music, but with their mouth (speech); Tosef. ib. I, 9. Ib. לעַסְּקוֹ בהברה (not בהברא, Pi.) to keep him awake with noise (recitations). Midr. Till. to Ps. VII היו מַעֲסִיקוֹת אותו עד שיבוא שמואל they kept him engaged (in talk) until Samuel came; a. e. Pi. עִיסֵּק same, v. supra. Hithpa. הִתְעַסֵּק, Nithpa. נִתְעַסֵּק to occupy one’s self; to attend. Sot. I, 9 מי לנו גדול מיוסף שלא נ׳ בו אלא משה who is greater than Joseph, to whose body none attended but Moses himself? (v. supra); מי גדול ממשה שלא ני בו וכ׳ who is greater than Moses in whose burial none but the Lord himself was engaged? Lev. R. s. 25 מתחלת ברייתו … לא נ׳ וכ׳ soon after the creation the Lord was first of all engaged in planting (Gen. II, 8), אף אתם לא תִתְעַסְּקוּ וכ׳ even so, when you enter the land, you shall apply yourselves first of all to planting (Lev. XIX, 23). Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵇ וישבו ונִתְעַסְּקוּ, v. next w. Tanḥ. Vaëra 5 (play on הָעשֶׁק, Koh. VII, 7) עסק שנ׳ שלמה … הטעהו (not הטעוהו) the occupation with vain things in which Solomon engaged, led him astray; ib. כשהחכם מִתְעַסֵּק בדברים הרבה מערבבין וכ׳ when a scholar engages in too many affairs, they confound him so that he loses his wisdom; ib. חכם המתעסק בצרכי צבור משכחין וכ׳ if a scholar busies himself with public affairs, they cause him to forget his learning; a. fr.—Tosef. Arakh. IV, 27 מִתְעַסֵּק בירק בקדרה בכל יום may arrange to have vegetables in the pot every day; מתעסק ירק בקדרה ואלפס וכ׳ (read: בירק) may have vegetables in the pot and stew &c. to do a thing without a direct practical purpose; to practice, experiment. Sabb. 157ᵇ מתעסק בעלמא אנא I was merely playing (without the intention of measuring). R. Hash. IV, 8 (32ᵇ) אבל מִתְעַסְּקִין בהם כדי שילמדו Ms. M. (ed. מתע׳ עמהם עד) but you may practice with them that they may learn (to blow the Shofar); והמתעסק לא יצא and he who merely blows for practice, has not done his duty. Ib. 33ᵃ מתע׳ בהן עד שילמדו וכ׳ (Tosef. ib. IV (II), 10 מתלמדין לתקוע) you may practice with them …, even on the Sabbath; a. e. to do one thing while intending to do another thing; to miss one’s purpose, choose the wrong thing. Snh. 62ᵇ המתעסק בחלבים וכ׳ he that misses his purpose in selecting forbidden fat to eat (intending to reach out for a permitted piece), or in consanguineous connection (by mistaking the person) is bound to bring a sin offering; המתע׳ בשבת who does a forbidden act by mistake on the Sabbath (meaning to do a different though forbidden act); Kerith. 19ᵇ. Ib. IV, 3 (19ᵃ) (ref. to אשר חטא בה, Lev. IV, 23) פרט למתעסק this is to exempt him who sinned by doing the thing which he had not intended to do. Ib. 19ᵇ מתעסק דמאי to what kind of a mistaken act does this refer? Ib. מתע׳ בדבר דלאו מצוה if by mistake he did an act which was not commanded (for that day). Ib. מתע׳ בחבורה making a wound (on the Sabbath) by mistake (circumcising the wrong child), opp. מקלקל בחבורה doing harm by making a wound; a. fr. to dispute, argue. Gen. R. s. 8 עד שמלאכי השרת מדיינין … ומתעסקין אלו עם אלו וכ׳ while the ministering angels were arguing with one another, disputing with one another, God created him (Adam); a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲסֵק to take pains, take trouble. Targ. II Kings IV, 13. Targ. I Chr. XII, 34 (33; h. text לעדר). (with ב) to be occupied with. Targ. Y. Lev. XX, 3; 5 (v. Sifra K’dosh., ch. VIII, Par. 4, s. v. עֵסֶק II). Targ. Koh. VI, 8. Targ. Prov. VII, 18 ונֶעְסַק חד לחד וכ׳ and let us be engaged in dalliances in private (h. text נתעלסה וכ׳); a. fr.—Part. pass. עֲסִיק; f. עָסִיקָא; pl. עֲסִיקִין; עֲסִיקָן. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 4. Targ. Cant. I, 15. Ib. IV, 15; a. fr.—Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵇ עד דאינון עסיקין בדידון נַעְסוֹק וכ׳ (not עסוקין) while they are occupied with their doings (songs &c.), let us be occupied with our business (study); so they sat down and engaged in discussing words of the Law. Sot. 21ᵃ בעידנא דעָסֵיק בה while he is engaged in it. B. Mets. 12ᵇ, a. fr. (במאי עֲסִיקִינָן) במאי עַסְקִינָן אילימא וכ׳ what are we engaged in?, i.e. what is the case before us? Is it that the debtor admits &c. Ib., a. fr. הכא במאי עסקינן במגורשת וכ׳ (abbr. הב׳'ע) what is treated of here (in the Mishnah) is the case of a doubtful divorce. Ib. הכא בעבד עסקינן … the slave meant in this connection is one who perforates pearls (a skillful laborer); a. fr. Ithpa. אִתְעַסֵּק, אִיעַסֵּק to occupy one’s self, be busy. Targ. Ps. L, 5. Targ. Ex. V, 9. Targ. II Chr. XXXV, 14; a. fr.—Ber. 25ᵇ רב אחאי איע׳ ליה לבריה Rab A. busied himself with preparations for his son’s wedding. B. Mets. 104ᵇ יהיבנא לך לאִיעַסּוּקֵי ביה (Ms. M. לעַסּוּקֵי Pa.) I gave it to thee to do business with (but not to spend thy share for personal use); a. fr. to dispute, quarrel. Targ. Gen. XXVI, 20. ↗ expanded

עֵסֶק 1 Eseḳ (Dispute), name of a well. Targ. Gen. XXVI, 20 (h. text עֵשֶׂק). ↗ expanded

עֵסֶק 2 (עָסַק) business, worldly occupation; affair, concern. Ḥag. 13ᵃ, a. e. אין לך ע׳ וכ׳ thou hast no concern with, v. סָתַר I. Ab. IV, 10, v. מָעַט. M. Kat. 22ᵃ bot. רצה ממעט בעִסְקוֹ if he desires, he may do less business (as a sign of mourning). Treat. S’maḥ. ch. IX ואינו מרבה בעסקו and he need not make elaborate preparations for his funeral; a. fr.—Trnsf. affair, display. Men. X, 3 (65ᵃ) כדי שיהא נקצר בע׳ גדול that the cutting of the ‘Omer may take place with great display (in the presence of many people); Koh. R. to I, 3.—Pl. עֲסָקִים, עֲסָקִין, constr. עִסְקֵי, עִי׳. Yoma 75ᵃ; Sabb. 130ᵃ (ref. to Num. XI, 10) על ע׳ משפחותיו (the people wept) over their family affairs (the prohibition of consanguineous marriages); Yalk. Num. 735. Sifra K’dosh., ch. VIII, Par. 4 (ref. to פני, Lev. XX, 5) פונה אני מכל עֲסָקַי וכ׳ I shall leave all my affairs, and busy myself &c., v. עָסַק; ib. Aḥăré, ch. X, Par. 8; Yalk. Lev. 619; a. fr.—2) controversy, dispute, cause. B. Mets. 97ᵇ כגון שיש ע׳ שבועה ביניהן when there is a dispute between them in which an oath is involved (i.e. when the oath that would have been required, cannot be administered).—Pl. as ab. Shebu. 31ᵃ שדה שיש עליה ע׳ Ar. (ed. עסיקין) a field the title of which is disputed. Keth. 92ᵇ sq. יצאו עליו ע׳ (ed. עסי׳) protests against the title were issued; B. Mets. 14ᵃ bot. עסי׳. ↗ expanded

עִסְקָא , occupation, painstaking; affair, business; merchandise. Targ. Koh. X, 18 עֵיסַק אורייתא וכ׳ the occupation with the Law and the commandments. Targ. II Kings IV, 13. Targ. Koh. III, 6 למשדי ע׳ וכ׳ to throw merchandise into the sea; a. fr.—עַל עֵיסַק on account of, for the sake of. Targ. Gen. XX, 18. Ib. XXI, 11; a. fr.—Sot. 21ᵃ שבנא עבד ע׳ Shebna engaged in business. Taan. 21ᵃ ניזיל ונעביד ע׳ let us go into business. Keth. 66ᵇ ע׳ רבה a large investment, v. זִיּוּנָא III. Hor. 12ᵃ מאן דבעי למיעבד ע׳ וכ׳ (not בע׳) he who wants to enter upon a certain enterprise and desires to know whether he will succeed or not; Kerith. 5ᵇ מאן דבעי נעביד עִיסְקֵי (pl.); a. fr.—Esp. ‘isḳa, giving a person goods to trade with on shares (usually two shares of the profit going to the investor and one to the trader). B. Mets. 104ᵇ האי ע׳ פלגא וכ׳ in the case of an ‘isḳa, half of the sum involved is a loan (at the risk of the trader), and the other half is a trust. Ib. להכא קרי ליה ע׳ וכ׳ it is therefore called ‘isḳa (business), because he has a right to say to him, I have given it to thee to trade with, v. עֲסֵק. Ib. חד ע׳ ותרי שטרי (not חדא) if one ‘isḳa was agreed upon, and two instruments (each for half the amount) were made out. Ib. 105ᵃ האי מאן דקביל ע׳ מחבריה וכ׳ if one took merchandise on shares from his neighbor and suffered loss, but afterwards took pains and recovered the loss. Ib. הני בי תרי ע׳ בהדי הדדי … if two entered a partnership with each other (one furnishing the capital). Bets. 32ᵇ בעא מנייהו ע׳ he asked them to give him goods on shares; a. e.—Pl. עִסְקִין, עִסְקֵי, עִי׳. Targ. II Kings IV, 13. Targ. Y. Gen. II, 2 עשרתי ע׳ ten things.—B. Mets. l. c. תרי ע׳ וחד שטרא (Rashi sing.) two ‘isḳas and one document made out on both together. Ker. l. c., v. supra; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַסְקָן (preced. wds.) experimenter, observer of nature. Ḥull. 57ᵇ ע׳ בדברים היה וכ׳ he used to make experiments, and he made one to disprove R. Judah’s theory. Ib. מאי ע׳ בדברים why was he called an experimenter? Lev. R. s. 19 (in Chald. dict.) ר׳ אסי הוה ע׳ R. A. used to experiment. Lev. R. s. 22 ר"ש הוה ע׳ בדברים; Koh. R. to V, 8 עוֹסְקָן. busy, moving automatically.—Fem. עַסְקָנִית; pl. עַסְקָנִיּוֹת. Succ. 26ᵇ ידים ע׳ הן hands are busy, i.e. touch things automatically. ↗ expanded

עֲסַר , v. עֲשַׂר, עִשְׂרוֹנָא. ↗ expanded

עִפּוּי , v. sub עִיפּ׳. ↗ expanded

עפוריים , v. עֲפָרַיִים ↗ expanded

עֲפֵי (= עיף; v. עוּף I) [to be bent,] to toil. Targ. Prov. XXI, 25 עָפְיָין ed. Lag. (some ed. a. Levita עפייץ, corr. acc.; Bxt. a. ed. Wil. צָבְיָין). Af. אַעֲפֵי to spread, be doubled, thick-branched. Part. מַעֲפֵי; f. מְעַפְיָא. Targ. Hos. IV, 13. Targ. Ez. VI, 13 (h. text עֲבֻתָּה, v. עָבוֹת). ↗ expanded

עֳפִי (preced.) sprouting, foliage, branches. Targ. Cant. I, 16 (fr. Dan. IV, 18. Targ. Ez. XXXI, 3 עָפְיֵיה Regia (ed. נוֹפֵיה).—Pl. עַפְיָין. Targ. Cant. II, 2 עַפְיָהָא.—V. אוּפֵי. ↗ expanded

עַפְיָאן , v. אַפְיָין ↗ expanded

עפייץ , v. עֲפֵי ↗ expanded

עפיץ , Ab. Zar. 39ᵃ, read: עַפְיָין. ↗ expanded

עָפַל (b. h.) to swell, rise.—V. עוֹפֶל. Hif. הֶעְפִּיל to act rashly, be foolhardy. Sabb. 97ᵃ מן המַעְפִּילִים הוה Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; ed. מִוַּיַּעְפִּילוּ) he was one of the foolhardy (Num. XIV, 44); Yalk. Num. 749 המַעְפִּילִין. ↗ expanded

עֹפֶל , v. עוֹפֶל ↗ expanded

עָפְלָא ‘Ofla, name of a gate of Jerusalem. Targ. Zeph. I, 10 (v. עוֹפֶל); v. עוֹפָא II. ↗ expanded

עַפְעַפַּיִם Du.(b. h.; [wings,] eye-lids. Sabb. פוך … מרבה שיער בע׳ eye-paint advances the growth of the eye-lashes; Pesik. ‘Ăniya, p. 135ᵃ. Ber. 60ᵇ עַפְעַפָּי, v. תְּנוּמָה. ↗ expanded

עָפַף (reduplic. of עוּף II) to fly around. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 5 אל תקרי אפפוני אלא עֲפָפוּנִי הצרות טסות וכ׳ read not ăfafunί (with א) but ‘ãfafunί (with ע׳), troubles come flying over me like birds; Yalk. Sam. 157. ↗ expanded

עֲפַף (v. עוּף I) to double, bend, curve. Targ. Is. II, 4; Mic. IV, 3 וִיעַפְפוּן (Levita ויעוֹפְפוּן, Pol. of עוף; h. text כתת).—Sabb. 134ᵃ לעַפְפֵיה, Rashi, v. עִיף II. Pa. עַפֵּף to double, roll up. Part. pass. מְעַפַּף; f. מְעַפְּפָא. Targ. I Kings XIX, 6 חררא מע׳ a rolled up cake (h. text עגת רצפים).—Ḥull. 51ᵇ עוף ומעפף (not ומעופף), v. עִיף II. ↗ expanded

עֲפַץ , v. אֲפַץ ↗ expanded

עֶפֶץ (v. אַפְצָא) gall-nut. Y. Gitt. II, 44ᵇ top דיוש אין בו ע׳ untanned ink, v. מִילָּא I. ↗ expanded

עַפְצָא , v. אַפְצָא ↗ expanded

עֹפֶר , pl. עֳפָרִים, v. עוֹפֶר. ↗ expanded

עָפַר , Pi. עִיפֵּר (b. h.; to cast dust, cover with mud. Hithpa. הִתְעַפֵּר to be soiled. Lam. R. introd. (R. Abbahu 6) והם ישנים … ומִתְעַפְּרִים בעפר they sleep on the bare earth and become soiled with dust; ib. to III, 13. ↗ expanded

עָפָר עפר to be thick, dust, mud, sand, mortar. Gen. R. s. 14 (ref. to Gen. II, 7) ע׳ זכר אדמה נקבה היוצר מביא ע׳ זכר וכ׳ ‘afar represents the male element, ădamah, the female; the potter takes male dust (coarse sand) and female earth (soft clay), in order that the vessels be strong. Sot. II, 2 נוטל ע׳ מתחתיה he (the priest) takes earth from under it (the marble slab). Ib. 16ᵃ מצינו אפר שקרוי ע׳ we find that ashes are likewise called ‘afar; Ḥull. 88ᵇ; Gen. R. s. 49ᵇ. Ib. עֲפַר סוטה the dust used in preparing the Water of Jealousy; עֲ׳ כיסוי the earth or ashes used for covering up the blood at slaughtering (Lev. XVII, 13); Num. R. s. 9. Ib. זכתה … ואנכי ע׳ ואפר לא זכתה תחזור לעַפְרָהּ if she is worthy (innocent), let a son descend from her like Abraham, of whom it is written, ‘And I am dust and ashes’ (Gen. XVIII, 27); if she is unworthy, let her return to her native dust. Ib. עֲ׳ זהב העגל the gold dust of the calf. Y. B. Mets. VIII, end, 11ᵈ ע׳ שחור black potter’s earth; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 94 עַפְרוֹ של יצחק (ed. Wil. אֶפְרוֹ), v. אֵפֶר.—Pl. עֲפָרוֹת, constr. עַפְרוֹת. Num. R. l. c. (ref. to ומן העפר, Num. V, 17) [read:] זהו ע׳ הזהב אשר טחן this refers to the gold dust which he (Moses) made by grinding (Deut. IX, 21). Gen. R. s. 26 שהיו בקיאים בע׳ וכ׳ they were experts on the qualities of soil like serpents; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַפְרָא Targ. Lev. XIV, 45. Targ. Prov. VIII, 26 (h. text עפרות); a. fr.—B. Bath. 73ᵇ הוה שקיל ע׳ ומורח וכ׳ he took up dust and smelt of it and said, this is the road &c. Ib. 16ᵃ ע׳ לפומיה דאיוב earth into Job’s mouth (stop him)! Ib. 171ᵇ מאן יהיב לן מעַפְרֵיה דרב וכ׳ O, that some one would give us some of the dust of Rab and Samuel, and we should put it into our eyes! (i.e. we surely revere the memory of Rab and Samuel, yet we differ with them); Ab. Zar. 53ᵇ; Ḥull. 68ᵇ. Snh. 108ᵇ והוה … ע׳ והוו חרבי we threw dust and it turned into swords; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַפְרוּרִין (preced.) ע׳ דדהבא gold-dust. Targ. Job XXVIII, 6 (ed. Lag. עפרותין, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עַפְרוּרִית (preced.) sandy matter in grain. B. Bath. 93ᵇ וע׳ לא but sand (as an admixture) need he not accept? Ib. 94ᵃ עדשים … רובע ע׳ לסאה the purchaser of lentils must accept one fourth of a Kab of sand for each S’ah; a. e. ↗ expanded

עפרותין , v. עַפְרוּרִין ↗ expanded

עֲפָרַיָּא (v. next w.) ‘Ăfaraya. Y. Bicc. III, 65ᵈ שמעון דמע׳ וכ׳ Simeon, a native of ‘A. (a Palestinian) has not been appointed! ↗ expanded

עֲפָרַיִים , 19) pr. n. pl. ʽĂfarayim, Ḥăfarayim (Hafaraim). Men. VIII, 1 (83ᵇ) ע׳ Bab. ed. (some ed. עפור׳; Ms. M. הפריים; Mish. ed. ח׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). Ib. 85ᵃ תבן אתה מכניס לע׳ (Ms. M. לח׳) wouldst thou carry straw to ‘A.?; Gen. R. s. 86, end לעֲפָרַיִם; Ex. R. s. 9. ↗ expanded

עפרן , Targ. Cant. V, 14 ברקן וע׳, read with ed. Lag. ב׳ זעפרן (v. זֶעְפְּרָנָא) saffron-colored smaragd ↗ expanded

עֶפְרָתַיִם ‘Efrathayim. Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᶜ bot. ר׳ חוניא יעקב מע׳ R. Hunia Jacob of ‘E. (perh. עֲפָרַיִים?). ↗ expanded

עָפַשׁ , Pi. עִיפֵּשׁ to grow mouldy, decay. Pes. 15ᵇ; 45ᵇ הפת שעִיפְּשָׁה וכ׳ bread that is spoiled so as to be unfit for man to eat &c. Tosef. ib. II (III), 4 שעִיפְּשׁוּ או שיבשו which have become mouldy or dried up. Tosef. Ter. IX, 10 פת שעִיפֵּישָׁה (ed. Zuck.). Tanḥ. Mick. 7 פת … עִפְּשָׁה the bread in our vessels has become mouldy. Y. Yoma III, 41ᵃ bot. לא היתה מְעַפֶּשֶׁת it never grew mouldy; Bab. ib. 38ᵃ מִתְעַפֶּשֶׁת; Tosef. ib. II, 5; Y. Shek. V, 48ᵈ bot. מתע׳; a. e. Hithpa. הִתְעַפֵּשׁ, Nithpa. נִתְעַפֵּשׁ same, v. supra. Gen. R. s. 31 שלא ירקבו ולא יִתְעַפְּשׁוּ וכ׳ that they (the fruits in the ark) should not rot, or mould, or be disfigured. ↗ expanded

עֲפַשׁ Ithpa. אִיעַפַּשׁ same. Men. 23ᵇ לכי מִיעַפְּשָׁא when the bread is spoilt. ↗ expanded

עֵץ tree, pole; wood. Esth. R. to V, 12 לאחר שעשה העץ after having made the gallows. Tam. II, 3, a. fr. עץ שמן pine-wood. Gen. R. s. 15 אילן שעֵצוֹ נאכל וכ׳ a tree whose wood is as fit to eat as its fruit. Sifra Emor, Par. 12, ch. XVI, v. עָנָף; a. v. fr.—Pes. 30ᵇ עץ פרור wooden pot-ladle.—Pl. עֵצִים; constr. עֲצֵי. Tam. l. c. כל הע׳ כשרין וכ׳ all kinds of wood are fit for the altar pile. Ib. 5 עצי תאנה wood of a fig-tree. R. Hash. II, 3 עצי שמן, v. supra; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

עֵצָא = h. עֵצָה II. Targ. O. Deut. XXXII, 28 (some ed. עֵצָה). Targ. Num. XXXI, 16. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXIV, 14 עצה; a. e.—Pl. עֵצָתָא, עֵצָן, עֵי׳. Targ. Prov. XXII, 20 (ed. Wil. עֵצְתָּא sing.). Targ. Y. II, Deut. l. c. (v. עֵיטָא).—Esth. R. to I, 3 בני עיצתא דיליה (not עצתיא) his counsellors; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַצָא , v. עֲצֵי ↗ expanded

עָצַב (b. h.) to cut, form, shape. (cmp. יָגָה a. יָגוֹן) to cut, grieve, pain. Pi. עִיצֵּב to shape, handle, esp. to straighten an infant’s body by manipulation. Sabb. XXII, 6 אין מְעַצְּבִין את הקטן you must not manipulate a child (on the Sabbath), expl. ib. 147ᵇ בחומרי שדרה straightening the vertebra (v. לְפַף). Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. II, 9 שהוא מְעַצֵּב עליה וכ׳ because he (the surgeon) manipulates children thereon. Hif. הֶעֱצִיב to grieve. Gen. R. s. 44 (ref. to Ps. CXXXIX, 24) אם עתיד … (ו)להַעֲצִיבְךָ וכ׳ if it be my destiny to rear children who are to grieve thee, it is better that thou shouldst lead me in the way of the world (death); (Yalk. Ps. 888 ולהכעיסך). Hithpa. הִתְעַצֵּב, Nithpa. נִתְעַצֵּב to be grieved, mourn. Snh. 38ᵇ שמח בתורתו ונ׳ במיתתו he rejoiced over his (R. ‘Ăkiba’s) learning, and mourned over his death (predestined martyrdom). ↗ expanded

עֲצַב ; (intr.) to be grieved. Targ. Ps. XXXIV, 6 (v. חֲסַד II).—Part. pass. עָצֵב, עָצִיב; f. עֲצִיבָא; pl. עֲצִיבֵי grieved, sad. Targ. Esth. IV, 1; Targ. Y. Ex. XII, 31 קל ע׳ the voice of a mourner.—Bets. 16ᵇ חזייה דהוה ע׳ he saw that he looked down-hearted; אמאי עֲצִיבַת why art thou grieved? Taan. 25ᵃ. Ib. 22ᵃ מבדחינן ע׳, v. בָּדוֹחָא; a. fr. Ithpe. אִיעֲצִיב to be grieved. Ber. 31ᵃ ואִעֲצִיבוּ and they grew sad; Yalk. Ps. 881 ואִיעֲ׳. ↗ expanded

עָצָב form, esp. idol.—Pl. עֲצַבִּים. Sifra K’dosh., beg. ע׳ על שם שנעשו פרקים פרקים idols are called ‘forms’, because they are made limb by limb; Mekh. Mishp. s. 20; Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXXIV.—Snh. 63ᵇ ועושין דמות עֲצַבֵּיהֶם (not עצבים, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 1) they made an image of their (the rich men’s) figures; Yalk. Hos. 529. ↗ expanded

עֶצֶב trouble, toil; that which is acquired through toil.—Pl. עֲצָבִים. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to ועצביך, Prov. V, 10) אין עֲצָבֶיךָ אלא בנים (ed. Wil. עֲצִיבָה וכ׳) ‘thy toils’ means thy children (with ref. to Gen. III, 16); ע׳ זו יגיעת הארץ ‘thy toils’ means painful labor in the field (with ref. to ib. 17). ↗ expanded

עָצֵב preced.) sad, grief-stricken. Pes. 119ᵃ מלך בו"ד מנצחין אותו וע׳ וכ׳ a human King grieves when he is defeated, but the Lord &c.; (Midr. Till. to Ps. IV כועס), v. נָצַח. Ber. 5ᵃ מוכר ע׳ ולוקח שמח the seller grieves (because he has to part with a dear possession), and the buyer is glad; a. e.—Pl. עֲצֵבִים, עֲצֵבִין; עֲצֵבוֹת, עֲצֵי׳. Yoma 21ᵇ. Ib. 67ᵃ; a. e.—Trnsf. (of the fingers of the hand) pressed together, narrow, opp. שׂוֹחֵק. Erub. 3ᵇ, a. e., v. אַמָּה. ↗ expanded

עָצֵב ² ch., v. עֲצַב ↗ expanded

עִצָּבוֹן preced. wds.) grief, pain, toil. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Prov. V, 10, v. עֶצֶב) לומר שיאכלו בע׳ וכ׳ intimating that they shall eat with toil whatever they may eat (with ref. to Gen. III, 17). Pirké d’R. El. ch. XIV בעִצְּבוֹן גדולו, v. סָחַף; a. e.—Pl. עִצְּבוֹנוֹת. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVI, 4 הרבית ע׳ לבני אדם ed. Bub. (missing in oth. ed.) thou didst decree many pains unto man (ref. to Gen. III, 16, sq.); ib. הרבית ע׳ לאבות העולם thou didst decree many troubles unto the patriarchs; הרבית ע׳ לדורו של שמד thou didst decree … upon the generation of (the Hadrianic) persecution; Yalk. ib. 667.—[V. next w.]. ↗ expanded

עִצְּבוֹנִית (preced.) [a stinging plant,] prob. wild rose-bush. Gen. R. s. 63 משל להדס וע׳ וכ׳ (Matt. K. עִיצְּבוֹנוֹת; some ed. עכבונית, corr. acc.) this is like a myrtle and a rose-bush growing side by side; Yalk. ib. 110; Tanḥ. Ki Thetsé 4 עַצְמוֹנִי. ↗ expanded

עֲצֵבוּת (preced. wds.) grief, sorrow. Ber. 31ᵃ אין … לא מתוך ע׳ וכ׳ you must not rise for prayer in a mood of grief or in languor … but in religious joy. Pes. 117ᵃ אין השכינה … מתוך ע׳ וכ׳ the Divine Presence (holy inspiration) does not rest upon man in moments of languor or sadness &c. Ḥag. 5ᵇ אין עצי׳ לפני וכ׳ there is no sadness before the Lord, for it is written (I Chr. XVI, 27) &c.; Yalk. Jer. 292. ↗ expanded

עֵצָה 1 v. עֵץ) trees, plantation. Y. Sabb. III, 6ᵃ; Y. Succ. I, end, 52ᶜ התיר ע׳ שבים allowed the carrying of things on the Sabbath from trees in the water (on an island) to the water and vice versa (cmp. Erub. 67ᵇ סלע שבים); Y. Erub. VIII, end, 25ᵇ pea-stalks. Sabb. VII, 4, expl. ib. 76ᵃ תבן של מיני קיטניות. Ohol. XVIII, 2, contrad. to קש. ↗ expanded

עֵצָה 2 counsel, advice, plan, consultation, council. Gen. R. s. 74 נוטלין ע׳ they hold council, v. רֶוַוח. Sot. 11ᵃ (ref. to Ex. I, 10) הוא התחיל בע׳ תחלה he was the first to propose (the destruction of Israel). Ib. שלשה היו באותה ע׳ three men took part in that consultation. Meg. 12ᵇ ניטלה ע׳ ממנו counsel (legal wisdom) has been taken away from us. Sot. 11ᵇ שפנה מעֲצַת מרגלים he turned away from the council of the spies. Gitt. 58ᵃ, a. e. אם אתה שומע לעֲצָתִי if thou wouldst listen to my advice. Tanḥ. Haăz. 8 ובעצתי אל וכ׳ and if you follow my advice, do not risk your life for her. B. Bath. 118ᵃ, a. fr. ע׳ טובה קמשמע לן good advice is meant by it (not a law); a. fr.—Pl. עֵצוֹת. Kidd. 80ᵇ (in Chald. dict.), v. עוּץ. Midr. Till. to Ps. I, 3 שהיה יועץ ע׳ ומתקיימות וכ׳ who suggested plans which were executed, and which turned out well; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֵצָה ch., v. עֵצָא ↗ expanded

עָצֶה v. עֲצֵי) backbone, spine. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Par. 14, ch. XIX (ref. to Lev. IV, 9) יכנס לפנים מן הע׳ he must go inside of the backbone, i.e. cut off a portion of the spine; Yalk. Lev. 462. ↗ expanded

עֲצָה , v. עֲצֵי ↗ expanded

עַצְוָותָא = אַצְוָותָא. Targ. Y. Num. XV, 20, sq.; a. e. (interch. with אַ׳). ↗ expanded

עָצוּם (b h.;strong, mighty. . Lam. R. to III, 4, v. עִיצּוּם. ↗ expanded

עִצּוּם , v. עִיצּוּם ↗ expanded

עֲצוּמָה (עָצַם) possession.—Pl. עֲצוּמוֹת. Yalk. Gen. 111, v. עֶצֶם. ↗ expanded

עֲצוּצָא , v. אֲצִיצָא ↗ expanded

עָצוֹר (עֲצַר) wine- or oil-presser. Targ. Y. I Gen. XLIX, 11 (not עִצור, עַ׳).—Pl. עָצוֹרִין, עָצוֹרֵי. Targ. Is. XVI, 10 (v. עִיצּוּרָא).—B. Bath. 25ᵇ הנך ע׳ those pressers (of poppy-oil). ↗ expanded

עִצּוּר , v. sub עִיצּ׳. ↗ expanded

עַצְוָתָא , v. אַצְוָותָא ↗ expanded

עֲצֵי to press, squeeze; to oppress, esp. (= h. עָשַׁק) to withhold what is due to a neighbor. Targ. Y. Lev. V, 23. Targ. Y. II ib. 21 עֲצָה some ed. (not עֵ׳). Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXIV, 14; a. e.—Part. pass. עָצֵי, pl. עַצְיָין. Targ. Y. ib. XXVIII, 29. to be hard, dry; sapless. Part. pl. עֶצְיָין. Targ. Y. II, Num. XIII, 20 (21). ↗ expanded

עַצְיָא (preced.) withholding, that which is withheld(h. . Targ. Y. Lev. V, 23 (not עֵצַיָּא). ↗ expanded

עֲצִיבָה (עָצַב) sadness, use of the root עצב. Gen. R. s. 27; s. 32 אין ע׳ אלא אבלות the root עצב (Gen. VI, 6) means mourning. Num. R. s. 9, v. עֶצֶב. ↗ expanded

עֲצֵּיבוּת , v. עֲצֵבוּת ↗ expanded

עֲצֵיל־ , v. עָצֵל ↗ expanded

עָצִיץ (עצץ, v. אֲצִיצָא) a common earthen vessel (used for refuse). Keth. III, 4 האונס שותה בעֲצִיצוֹ the ravisher must drink out of the offensive vessel he has chosen, expl. ib. 5 אפי׳ היא חיגית וכ׳ he must marry the woman, even if she be lame &c.—Esp. flower-pot. Dem. V, 10 ע׳ נקוב וכ׳ that which grows in a perforated pot (placed in the ground) is legally like that which grows in the ground itself. Men. 70ᵃ ע׳ שאינו נקוב a pot without a hole. Kil. VII, 8; a. fr.—Pl. עֲצִיצִים. Y. ib. end, 31ᵃ ↗ expanded

עָצִיץ ² Y. Snh. X, 29ᵃ bot. אשכח חד ע׳ he found a pot (Midr. Sam. ch. XXVI חרש); v. אֲצִיצָא ↗ expanded

עֲצִירָה (עָצַר) closing up, obstruction of orifices, v. עִיצּוּר. Gen. R. s. 52 end (ref. to Gen. XX, 18) נאמר ע׳ בפה ע׳ בגרון וכ׳ the root עצר applies to closure of the mouth, of the throat &c.—עֲצִירַת גשמים (v. Deut. XI, 17) closing up the heavens so as to withhold the rain, drought. Sifré Deut. 43; Yalk. ib. 867. locking up, detention. Sifré Num. 151; Yalk. ib. 782 (ref. to עצרת, Num. XXIX, 35) אין ע׳ אלא כניסה the root עצר has the meaning of detention (by ref. to Jer. XXXVI, 5). ↗ expanded

עָצַל , Hithpa. הִתְעַצֵּל, Nithpa. נִתְעַצֵּל (b. h. Nif.; v. עָצֵל; cmp. b. h. אצל) to withdraw one’s self, shirk the trouble of; to be careless, slothful; to consider one’s self exempt. Tam. II, 2 מימיו לא נ׳ הכהן מלהוציא וכ׳ never did a priest shirk the labor of carrying out the ashes. Lev. R. s. 19 (ref. to בעצלתים, Koh. X, 18) ע"י שהאדם הזה מִתְעַצֵּל מלכסות וכ׳ because that man considers himself exempt from covering his head as it is proper to do, he contracts rheumatism; ע"י שהאשה הזו מִתְעַצֶּלֶת וכ׳ because that woman is too careless (of chastity) to cover herself &c. Ib. ע"י שנִתְעַצְּלוּ … מלחנות וכ׳ because the Israelites shrank from encamping in discord. Y. B. Kam. IX, end, 7ᵃ נתעצלו ולא הקריבוהו they were slothful and failed to offer it up; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲצַל , ch.,Ithpa. אִיעַצֵּל same. Pes. 85ᵃ דאתי לאִיעַצּוּלֵי ביה (not לעיצולי) one might be slothful about it (and fail to use the sacrifice up in due time). ↗ expanded

עָצֵל [standing aside,] slow; sluggard; lazy. Deut. R. s. 5 מה ראה … ללמד לע׳ וכ׳ what reason had Solomon to make the sluggard learn from the ant (Prov. VI, 6)?; a. e.—Pl. עֲצֵלִים, עֲצֵלִין, עֲצֵי׳. Pes. 85ᵃ עֲצֵלֵי כהונה the negligent among the priests (opp. זָהִיר); a. e.—Fem. עֲצֵלָה; pl. עֲצֵלוֹת, עֲצֵי׳. Y. ib. I, 27ᶜ bot. הנשים ע׳ הן women are slow (opp. זריז). ↗ expanded

עַצְלוּת preced.) laziness, indolence. Yalk. Num. 720; Pes. 66ᵃ מי גרם … ע׳ שהיתה בכם וכ׳ what is the cause that I had to come from Babylonia and be appointed your chief? Your indolence, which prevented you from waiting upon the two greatest men of the generation. Ib. 117ᵃ; Ber. 31ᵃ, v. עֲצֵבוּת; a. fr.—Y. Kil. VIII, 31ᶜ (of an animal tied by the side of a harnessed animal) זה נושא עַצְלוּתוֹ של זה וכ׳ this one carries the sluggishness of the other, i.e. when one is sluggish, the other has to carry the heavier load. ↗ expanded

עַצְּלָן (preced.) laggard.—Pl. עַצְלָנִין. Succ. 27ᵇ משבח אני את הע׳ וכ׳ (for once) I praise the laggards, because they do not leave their homes on a festive day. Tosef. Pes. III (IV), 11 כת ע׳ (Var. עֲצֵלִין) the group of laggards (coming late for the Passover sacrifice).—Fem. עַצְלָנִית. Pes. 65ᵃ כת ע׳, v. supra.—Pl. עַצִלָנִיּוֹת. Gen. R. s. 45; Deut. R. s. 6. ↗ expanded

עָצַם (b. h.) to press; to close (the eyes). Yalk. Is. 304 זה העוֹצֵם עיניו כשעומדות וכ׳ he who closes his eyes when (he sees) Israelitish girls stand washing. Sifra K’dosh., Par. 3, ch. VII יַעֲצוֹם, v. infra. [to be compressed, hard,] to be strong, v. עָצוּם a. עֶצֶם. (denom. of עֶצֶם) to acquire, possess. Gen. R. s. 64 שעָצַמְתָּ, v. עֶצֶם. Hif. הֶעֱצִים to close (the eyes). Kidd. 32ᵇ יכול יַעֲצִים עיניו וכ׳ perhaps a man might think, he will close his eyes and pretend not to see him (the old man); Yalk. Lev. 617; Sifra l. c. יעצום. Sabb. XXIII, 5 מַעֲצִים, v. עָמַץ. Pi. עִיצֵּם to close (a dead body’s eyes), v. עָמַץ. Hithpa. הִתְעַצֵּם, Nithpa. נִתְעַצֵּם to be closed, v. עָמַץ. to be headstrong towards one another. Snh. 31ᵇ שנים שנִתְעַצְּמוּ בדין וכ׳ if both parties to a law-suit are stubborn, one saying, let us go to law here, and the other saying, let us go to the circuit court. v. עִיצּוּם 3) to fortify each other, i.e. to enter an agreement with the condition of forfeiture. Tosef. B. Mets. I, 16 שנים שנתעצמו זה בזה ואמר וכ׳ if two made an agreement wherein one said, if I do not come &c. ↗ expanded

עֶצֶם preced.) [strength,] bone. Tosef. Sabb. VII (VIII), 21 עמד ע׳ בגרונו if a bone sticks in one’s throat; Sabb. 67ᵃ. Pes. VII, 11 השובר את הע׳ וכ׳ he who breaks a bone of the Passover sacrifice. Ib. 12 שאין בו משום שבירת הע׳ because the prohibition to break a bone does not apply to it; a. v. fr.—Pl. עֲצָמוֹת. Ib. 10. Ib. VIII, 8 והמלקט לו ע׳ he who has the bones (of a parent) collected, v. לָקַט; a. v. fr. substance, essence, self (v. עִיצּוּם). Ab. I, 14 וכשאני לעַצְמִי וכ׳ and if I am (I care) for myself only, what am I? Ib. II, 13 אל תהי רשע בפני עַצְמֶךָ be not a wicked man in thine own sight (despair not of thyself). Ber. 43ᵃ; Tosef. ib. IV, 8 כל אחד ואחד מברך לעַצְמוֹ each says the blessing for himself. Zeb. VIII, 10 כשהוא בעצמו when it (the addition to, or the diminution from the prescribed action) stands by itself (is clearly visible); R. Hash. 28ᵇ; Erub. 100ᵃ. Sifré Deut. 19 לא מעַצְמִי אני וכ׳ I did not say that of my own accord (as my idea), but at the command of God. Num. R. s. 20; Tanḥ. Bal. 13 בקש לילך לעצמו וכ׳ he wanted to go to himself (go home); a. v. fr.—Pl. constr. עַצְמֵי. Sifré Deut. 16 לשעבר … עַצְמֵיכֶם וכ׳ in the past you were your own masters, now you are servants and subjects of the community; a. fr. substance, wealth, esp. live stock. Yalk. Gen. 111 (ref. to וַעֲבֻדָּה, Gen. XXVI, 14) וַעֲבָדָהּ כתיב אם אין אדם נעשה כעבד לעַצְמוֹ וכ׳ it may be read ‘and he shall serve it’, unless a man become like a slave to his stock, he does not own it; Gen. R. s. 64 כמו עבד לעבדו (read לעצמו; cmp. Snh. 58ᵇ).—Pl. as ab. Gen. R. l. c. (ref. to עצמת ממנו, Gen. XXVI, 16) כל אותן ע׳ שעצמת ממני היה לך all these possessions (herds and flocks) which thou hast obtained, are they not from us?; Yalk. l. c. עֲצוּמוֹת. ↗ expanded

עָצַר [to press,] to close up; to detain; to ward off; to gather, store away. Succ. 38ᵃ עוֹצֶרֶת רוחות וכ׳ wards off evil winds and dews (v. infra). Num. R. s. 19 היאך יכול … וַעֲצָרוֹ how could the angel of death strike a man that had stood up against the angel of death and warded him off? (ref. to Num. XVII, 13). Sifré Num. 151; Yalk. ib. 782 (ref. to עצרת, Num. XXIX, 35) עֲצָרוֹ הכתוב מלצאת the Scripture keeps him (the pilgrim) from leaving (Jerusalem, on the eighth day). Pesik. R. (ed. Fr.) addit. s. 4; Pesik. Bayom, p. 193ᵇ הק"בה עוֹצֵר וכ׳ the Lord locks his Presence up with them, v. infra. Ab. Zar. 71ᵃ עול תחתי לעוֹצֵר, v. עָלַל; a. fr.—Part. pass. עָצוּר; f. עֲצוּרָה; pl. עֲצוּרִים, עְצוּרִין; עְצוּרוֹת. Sifré l. c. מה זה ע׳ מלצאת אף זה ע׳ וכ׳ as on this (the eighth day) one is prohibited to leave, so is one on this (the first day). Sifré Deut. 135 (ref. to עצרת, Deut. XVI, 8) יכול יהא אדם ע׳ כל וכ׳ from this you might infer that one must be confined the whole day in the schoolhouse (for religious exercises). Ib. מה שביעי ע׳ אף ששי ע׳ as the seventh day is under restrictions (as to week-day labor), so is the sixth day (i.e. the days intervening between the first and the seventh day); אי מה שביעי ע׳ מכל מלאכה וכ׳ you might infer from this that as the seventh day is under restriction as regards all sorts of labor (even work of necessity), so is the sixth; Ḥag. 18ᵃ השביעי ע׳ בכל מלאכה … ימים ע׳ וכ׳ the seventh day is under a general restriction, but the six days are not; Yalk. Deut. 904; ib. 907. Ḥull. 67ᵃ בורות … שהן ע׳ ככלים wells, pits and caves, the waters of which are restrained as in vessels; Yalk. Lev. 537 עצירים … בכלים (corr. acc.); a. fr. Nif. נֶעֱצָר to be detained; to be gathered together. Pesik. R. l. c. כל זמן שישראל נֶעֱצָרִין וכ׳ as long as Israel holds festive gatherings in synagogues and schoolhouses, the Lord locks up &c. (v. supra); Pesik. l. c.ᵃ מְעַצְּרִין (Pi.). Yalk. Num. 782 (ref. to עצרת, v. supra) למה נֶעֶצְרוּ עיד יום אחד why are they detained one more day? Taan. 7ᵇ הגשמים נעצרין the rains are withheld. Ib. 8ᵃ השמים נעצרין מלהוריד וכ׳ the heavens are locked up so as not to let down rain &c.; a. fr. Pi. עִצֵּר to hold festive gatherings. Pesik. l. c., v. supra. to detain, keep off. Succ. 37ᵇ כדי לעַצֵּר רוחות וכ׳ in order to keep off evil winds &c. (v. supra). ↗ expanded

עֲצַר to press, squeeze. Targ. Jud. VI, 38. Targ. Gen. XL, 11 (O. ed. Vien. עַצָּרִית, Pa.); a. fr.—Y. Sabb. XVII, 16ᵇ top; Y. Bets. I, 60ᵇ bot., v. זַיָּירָא. to keep back, save. Y. Taan. III, 66ᵈ top עֲצוֹר וכ׳, v. גּוֹלְתָא. ↗ expanded

עַצָּר m. = עָצוֹר. Targ. Am. IX, 13 ע׳ ענבין (not עֵצֶר, עֵצָר). ↗ expanded

עַצְרָא (preced. wds.) wine-press, vat.—Pl. עַצְרֵי. B. Mets. 86ᵇ זגתא … ביני ע׳ a black hen … that moves about among the vats. B. Kam. 27ᵇ קרנא דע׳ (not דעצרא) a corner near the wine-presses. ↗ expanded

עִצְרָא (preced. wds.) juice. Gitt. 69ᵇ Ar., v. אִיצְרָא. ↗ expanded

עַצְרִי ‘Atsri. B. Bath. 174ᵇ (Ms. M. עצורי); Arakh. 23ᵃ משה בר ע׳. ↗ expanded

עֲצֶרֶת detention, gathering, esp. a festive gathering for the conclusion of a festive season, concluding feast; ע׳ של חג the concluding feast of the Succoth festival (Num. XXIX, 35); ע׳ של פסח the concluding feast of the Passover festival i.e. the Feast of Weeks, Pentecost. Pesik. Bayom, p. 193ᵃ ראויה היתה ע׳ של חג … כשם שע׳ של פסח וכ׳ by right the concluding feast of the Succoth Festival was to have been fifty days after (the first day of Succoth) as the concluding feast of Passover is &c.; Cant. R. to VII, 2; a. e.—In gen. ע׳ f., (sub. יום) m. Feast of Weeks, Pentecost. Pesik. l. c., p. 190ᵇ בסיון ע׳ in the month of Sivan is the Feast of Weeks. Ḥag. II, 4 ע׳ שחל להיות וכ׳ if the Feast of Weeks occurs on a Friday. Ib. שלא לקיים … ע׳ אחר השבת to oppose those who say that the Feast of Weeks must be observed on the day after the Sabbath (after seven complete weeks from Passover, beginning with the first Sunday); Men. 65ᵃ. Ib. 65ᵇ; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲצַרְתָּא 1 , Feast of Weeks. Targ. O. Num. XXVIII, 26 בעַצְרַתְכיֹן (ed. Vien. בעַצְרָתֵי׳; Y. בעֲצַרְתֵּי׳; h. text בשבעתיכם). Targ. II Esth. III, 8 יומא דע׳.—Pes. 42ᵇ; Sabb. 110ᵃ, v. דִּבְחָא. Pes. 68ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲצַרְתָּא 2 (עֲצַר) vat. Targ. Esth. I, 10. ↗ expanded

עֵצְתָא , v. עֵצָא ↗ expanded

*עִצְתָּא (v. עֲצי) oppressor. Targ. Prov. XVI, 33, v. עַנְתָּא. ↗ expanded

עָקָא (עוּק) trouble, distress. Targ. Is. XXX, 6. Targ. Prov. XXIII, 27. Targ. Y. II, Num. XII, 12 הות עמנא בעַקְנָא she was with us in (shared) our trouble; a. e.—Snh. 26ᵃ דא ע׳ that is the trouble (that thou callest them wicked).—Pl. עָקָן. Targ. O. Lev. X, 19 וערען … ע׳ (v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 34).—Snh. 11ᵃ וע׳ סגיאן עתידן וכ׳ and great troubles are destined to come over the world; Tosef. Sot. XIII, 4 ע׳ סגיאין (corr. acc.; Var. ע׳ רברבן); Cant. R. to VIII, 9; a. e.—V. עַקְתָא.—Y. B. Kam. X, 7ᶜ top בר נש דעָקִין (masc. form) a man of troubles (a very poor man). Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 5 עָקַיָּא (ed. Bub. עקתא), v. פְּנַי II. ↗ expanded

עֲקָא , v. עֲקֵי ↗ expanded

עָקַב to trace, follow. Shebu. 47ᵇ עוֹקֵב אחר ניאף, v. נָאַף. Macc. 10ᵃ (expl. עקבה, Hos. VI, 8) שהיו עוֹקְבִין להרוג וכ׳ they followed up (their victims) to commit murder; Yalk. Hos. 523; Yalk. Josh. 30; Yalk. Num. 787. to go beyond, supersede; (b. h. to supplant). Sot. 16ᵃ בשלשה מקימות הלכה עוֹקֶבֶת מקרא in three instances the practice goes beyond the Biblical text (Ar. Var. עוֹקֶמֶת, עוֹקפֶת). Ib. כי קא חשיב עוקבת ועוקרת וכ׳ he (R. Joh.) counts such cases only where the practice goes beyond and overthrows (the text), whereas in this case עוקבת ומוספת the practice goes beyond and adds to (the text). ↗ expanded

עֲקַב Pa. עַקֵּב to trace, espy. Targ. Prov. XXIII, 30 מְעַקְּבִין ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. מְעַקְּבֵי; oth. ed. מעקבא, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עָקֵב , to be curved) heel. Y. Ber. I, 2ᶜ top; Sabb. 62ᵇ, v. גּוּדָל. Deut. R. s. 3 אני דורך גיתה … בעֲקֵב רגלי I shall tread Edom’s vat with the heel of my foot (v. Is. LXIII, 1 sq.). Yeb. XII, 1 סנדל שיש לו ע׳ a sandal which has a sole with a covering for the heel. Gen. R. s. 22 מתלא בעֲקֵיבוֹ swinging his heel (dandy-like); Yalk. Prov. 961 מתלה בעֲקֵיבָיו (pl.). Zeb. VI, 3 (63ᵇ) יורדין על הע׳ (Mish. ed. חוזרים לע׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 200); Succ. 48ᵇ חוזרין על הע׳ they turn around on their heels, i.e. go back the same way. Yalk. Jer. 272 דשו בע׳ trod with the heel, i.e. ignored it wilfully. Midr. Till. to Ps. IV, 7, שׁוּף II. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCII, v. שׁוּף I; a. fr. (cmp. עֲגָבָה) haunch with thigh, posteriors. Ned. 20ᵃ המסתכל בעֲקֵבָהּ של אשה, expl. ib. במקום הטנופת שהוא מכוון כנגד ע׳ (Ar. במקום התורפה) he who gazes at the posteriors which correspond (in shape and position) to the heel. Naz. 51ᵃ רקב הבא מן הע׳ decayed matter that seems to come from the posteriors, Rashi (Tosaf.: the heel). rear-guard. Sot. VIII, 6 (44ᵃ) עקבו של עם (Y. a. Bab. ed. עקיבו) the rear of the people.—Pl. עֲקֵבִים, עֲקֵבִין. Snh. 108ᵇ הוא מביא לכם מבין עִקְבֵי רגליכם he will bring you (the flood) from under your heels. Tanḥ. Ekeb 1 מצות … ומשליכין אותן תחת עִקְבֵיהֶן minor laws which people disregard and throw under their heels. Naz. 22ᵇ הריני נזירה בעִיקְבַיִךְ I will be a Nazarite following thy heels (example); הריני בעיקביך I will follow thy example; a. e.—עִקְּבוֹת foot-steps. Sot. IX, 15 (49ᵇ) (in Chald. dict.) בע׳ משיחא (borrowed fr. Ps. LXXXIX, 52) in the footsteps of (events paving the way to) the Messiah.—[Snh. l. c. ועקב שמו, v. עָקוֹב]. ↗ expanded

עֵקֶב preced.) rear, consequence; (conj.) in consequence of; (homilet.) end, future world. Deut. R. s. 3 (play on עקב, Deut. VII, 12) אבל שכרן בע׳ אני וכ׳ (not שכרו) but their full reward I shall give you in the end (after death); Yalk. ib. 847 שכר הקרן בע׳ וכ׳. Deut. R. l. c. אני מייסר אתכם עד הע׳ I shall try you to the end (of your lives); עד שתשמרו … עד הע׳ until you shall observe my commandments to the end. ↗ expanded

עֵקֶב ² ch., v. next w. ↗ expanded

עִקְבָא = h. עָקֵב, heel; curve. Targ. Y. Gen. XLIX, 17; a. fr.—Cant. R. to V, 16 כד אתא מיתלי ע׳ מן ארעא when he (Abraham) began to lift his heel from the ground (from the time he attempted to walk).—Pl. עִקְּבִין, עִקְּבֵי, עִי׳. Targ. Y. I Gen. III, 15. Targ. Is. X, 32.—Ḥull. 52ᵃ ע׳ דגפי the curved ends of the wings (where they are attached to the body). (v. preced.) end, future. Targ. Y. I Gen. l. c.; Targ. Y. II ib. עֵקֶב (constr.). ↗ expanded

עֶקְבָּא (preced.) = h. עֵקֶב, consequence. Targ. Prov. XXII, 4 (Ms. עֲקֵיבָא). ↗ expanded

עֲקֵבָא v. preced.—2) (preced. wds.) last, late.—Pl. עֲקֵבִין, עֲקֵי׳. Lev. R. s. 12 אילין דעללין לחנותא קדמאין ונפקין ע׳ Ar. (ed. זה … ונפיק בתראי, incorr.) those who enter the wine shop the first and leave it the last. ↗ expanded

עֲקֵבָה (preced. wds.) remnant; עֲקבַת יין, עֲקֵי׳ sediment; v. עַכָּבָה. ↗ expanded

עֲקַבְיָא ʿÃḳabia, name of a Tannai. Ber. 19ᵃ. Eduy. V, 6; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עָקַד (b. h.) [to bend; cmp. כָּפַת,] to tie hand to foot, contrad. to כפת (v. infra). Gen. R. s. 56 כל מה שהיה אברהם אבינו עוֹקֵד … הקב"ה כופת וכ׳ as Abraham was tying his son here below, so the Lord bound &c. Lev. R. s. 2; a. fr.—Part. pass. עָקוּד. Sabb. V, 3 לא ע׳ ולא רגול, expl. ib. 54ᵃ ע׳ עקידת יד ורגל כיצחק וכ׳ ʿaḳud refers to tying foreleg to hindleg like the tying of Isaac &c., ragul refers to bending the forefoot upward and tying it to the foreleg; Y. ib. V, 7ᵇ bot. ע׳ בידו אחת; Tosef. ib. IV (V), 3 (v. Var. ed. Zuck.); a. e. (denom. of עֲקֵידָה) to sacrifice. R. Hash. 16ᵃ כאילו עֲקַדְתֶּם וכ׳ as if you offered yourselves, v. עֲקֵידָה. Lev. R. s. 30 (play on כפת, Lev. XXIII, 40) זה יצחק שהיה כפות ועָקוּד וכ׳ this typifies Isaac, who was tied and offered up on the altar; a. e. —Gitt. 57ᵇ אתה עָקַדְתָּ אחד ואני עָקַדְתִּי וכ׳ מזבח thou (Abraham) hast put up one altar, but I have put up seven altars (offered seven martyred sons). Nif. נֶעֱקַד to be tied; to be put on the altar. Gen. R. l. c. זה לַעֲקוֹד וזה לֵיעָקֵד the one (ready) to sacrifice, the other to be sacrificed. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXXI; Yalk. Gen. 101 האב מַעֲקִיד בכל לב והבן נ׳ וכ׳ the father offering with a whole heart, and the son offering himself with a whole heart. Ib. רחם … שהוא אדם ובן אדם ונ׳ וכ׳ have pity on Isaac who is a human being, son of a human being, and is being offered before thee like a dumb beast; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱקִיד to tie (foreleg to hindleg). Tam. IV, 1 (30ᵇ) לא היו כופתין … אלא מַעֲקִידִין אותו (Mish. ed. מְעַקְּדִין Pi.) they did not bind the lamb (all feet together), but tied it, expl. ib. 31ᵇ יד ורגל כעקידת וכ׳, v. supra. to put on the altar. Pesik. Aḥãré, p. 170ᵇ והֶעֱקִידוֹ ע"ג המזבח and laid him tied on the altar; a. e. Pi. עִקֵּד same, v. supra. ↗ expanded

עֲקַד same, to tie; to offer. Targ. O. Gen. XXII, 9. Targ. Y. II, Lev. XXII, 27. Targ. II Esth. V, 1; a. e.— to bend, bow. Targ. Y. II, Ex. IV, 31. Ib. XXXIV, 8 (ed. Vien. אֲקַד). Targ. Y. Gen. XXIV, 48 ועקדית Ar. (ed. וגחנית). Ithpe. אִתְעֲקַד to be tied; to be put on the altar. Targ. Mic. VII, 20. Targ. Y. I Lev. l. c. (Y. II עקד גרמיה). Targ. II Esth. l. c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲקֵדָה , v. sub עֲקֵיד׳. ↗ expanded

עָקָה (עיּק) depression, pressure; עָקת נפש mourning. Yalk. Gen. 152, v. חֲלוּקָה. ↗ expanded

עָקוֹב (עָקַב) [crooked, tricky,] aḳob, a thing believed to prevent (or absorb) rain. Snh. 108ᵇ יש לנו … ע׳ שמו Ar. (ed. ועקב) we have something, its name is ʿa.; Yalk. Job 906 ועקב; v. עָקוֹשׁ. Cmp. אִלִּיתָא. ↗ expanded

עֲקוּבָּה (v. עֵקֶב) haunch, posteriors. Snh. 96ᵃ אשתני אפיה כע׳ דכלבא Ar. s. v. (Ar. s. v. בן יכבד אב: כעוּקְבָּא; ed. והוה כי דכלבא; Yalk. Kings 244 והוה כי כלב) his face changed so as to look like the posteriors of a dog. ↗ expanded

עָקוֹד ring-streaked.—Pl. עֲקוּדִּים. Tanḥ. Vayetsé 11, v. נָקוֹד; a. e. ↗ expanded

עִקּוּלָא , pl. עִקּוּלֵי, v. עִיקּוּלָא. ↗ expanded

עָקוֹם (עָקַם) curved, winding. Succ. 32ᵃ, v. מַגָּל. Erub. 6ᵃ מבוי ע׳ a winding alley; Y. ib. I, 18ᶜ bot. ע׳ ומפולש winding but open on both sides. Y. Dem. II, beg. 22ᵇ ע׳ הוא the cumin of Cyprus is crooked; a. e.—Fem. עֲקוּמָּה. Succ. 4ᵃ, v. דּוֹפָן. Erub. I, 5; a. e.—Y. Taan. IV, beg. 67ᵇ (in Chald. dict.) הות אצבעתיה ע׳ had a crooked finger; Y. Meg. IV, 75ᵇ bot. עֲקִימָה.—Pl. עֲקוּמּוֹת. Bab. Meg. 24ᵇ (ידיו) ע׳ עקושות לא וכ׳ if his hands (fingers) are curved (inward) or bent (sideways), he must not pronounce the priestly benediction. ↗ expanded

עִקּוּם , v. sub עִיקּ׳. ↗ expanded

עֲקוּמָּה , v. עָקוֹם ↗ expanded

עָקוֹסָא , v. עוּקְצָא ↗ expanded

עִקּוּר , v. עִיקּוּר ↗ expanded

*עָקוֹשׁ 1 Ben ʿAḳosh, (‘Aḳish). Koh. R. to II, 9 (perhaps to be read שאול בן קיש). ↗ expanded

עָקוֹשׁ 2 (עָקַשׁ) [crooked, crafty,] ʿaḳosh, a thing believed to prevent (or absorb) rain. Snh. 108ᵇ ואמרי לה ע׳ שמו Ar. (ed. עִקֵּשׁ; Ms. F. עִיקֵּשׁ, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 70) and some say, its name is ʿa., v. עָקוֹב; Yalk. Job 906 עקש. ↗ expanded

עֲקוּשָּׁה (preced.) crooked, bent.—Pl. עֲקוּשּׁוֹת. Meg. 24ᵇ, v. עָקוֹם. ↗ expanded

עֲקֵי (v. עוּק) to press, narrow in, embarrass. Gen. R. s. 49 מן דהוה חמי ההיא עקתא דהוה עָקֵי ליה (not מאן) when he saw the dilemma in which he (Abraham) had placed him. ↗ expanded

עֲקֵיב־ , v. עָקֵב ↗ expanded

עֲקֵיבָא last, late, v. עֲקֵבָא. consequence, v. עֶקְבָּא. ↗ expanded

עֲקִיבָא 1 , heel. Targ. Y. Deut. XXV, 9 (some ed. עֲקֵי׳).—Pl. עֲקִיבַיָּא. Cant. R. to VII, 2 מה יאיין עֲקִיבַיִּךְ וכ׳ how beautiful are thy heels (steps) in shoes, daughter of my friend! ↗ expanded

עֲקִיבָא 2 ‘Ãḳiba, a renowned Tannai who began to study at an advanced age, and who, after taking part in the insurrection of Bar Kokhba, died a martyr. Yeb. 16ᵃ אתה הוא ע׳ בן יוסף וכ׳ art thou that ʿÃ. ben Joseph whose fame goes from one end of the world to the other? Ab. Zar. 5ᵃ כיון שהגיע לדורו של ר׳ ע׳ when he (Adam, in the revelations he received) came to the days of R. A., he rejoiced &c.; v. עָצַב. Ber. 61ᵇ (the story of his martyrdom). Sot. V, 1. Gen. R. s. 1; a. v. fr.—V. Fr. Darkhé Mish., p. 111 sq. ↗ expanded

עֲקֵידָה (עָקַד) tying the sacrifice before slaughtering. Tam. IV, 1 וכך היתה עֲקֵידָתוֹ and in this wise it was tied (and laid down); a. e.—Esp. עֲקֵידַת יצחק, or ע׳ the attempted offering up of Isaac. R. Hash. 16ᵃ תקעו … ע׳ יצחק וכ׳ blow before me on a ram’s horn, that I may remember to you the offering of Isaac …, and I account it to you, as if you had offered yourselves before me. Y. Taan. II, 65ᵈ top יי׳ יראה את נזכר להם עקידתו של וכ׳ ‘the Lord shall see’ (Gen. XXII, 14), thou wilt remember to them the offering of Isaac, their ancestor, &c.; Pesik. Baḥod., p. 154ᵇ עקדת יצחק; Gen. R. s. 56 תהא נזכר להם אותה העקדה; Yalk. ib. 101 העבודה הזאת (corr. acc.); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲקֵידְתָּא Targ. I Chr. XXI, 15. Targ. Cant. I, 13 עֲקֵידַת, constr. Targ. Mic. VII, 20; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲקִילַס ʿÃḳilas, Aquila, the alleged translator of the Bible into Greek, frequ. surnamed הַגֵּר, the proselyte, and identified with אוּנְקְלוֹס. Y. Meg. I, 71ᶜ top תירגם ע׳ הגר וכ׳ A. the proselyte interpreted the Torah before R. El. and &c., v. יְפיפָה (Bab. ib. 3ᵃ תרגום של תורה אונקלוס הגר אמרו מפיוכ׳). Y. Kidd. I, 59ᵃ top תירגם ע׳ הגר לפני ר"ע A. the proselyte interpreted (the verse Lev. XIX, 20) before R. ʿÃḳiba. Targ. Cant. I, 3, v. אֲתָאנַסְיָא; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲקֵים , v. עֲקַם ↗ expanded

עָקִים (preced.) crooked, perverse. Targ. Prov. XVII, 20 (ed. Wil. עַקֵּים, Pa. of עֲקַם). Ib. XXII, 5 (not עֲקִימָתָא).—Y. Meg. IV, 75ᵇ bot. עֲקִימָה, v. עָקוֹם.—Pl. עֲקִימִין; f. עֲקִימָתָא. Targ. Prov. XI, 20. ↗ expanded

עֲקִימָה 1 , v. preced. ↗ expanded

עֲקִימָה 2 (עָקַם) curvature, crookedness. Y. Kil. IV, 29ᵇ top (in Chald. dict.) ע"י ע׳ תרתיי וכ׳ owing to the curvature (of the garden bed) two rows of vines disappear (become indiscernible). עֲקִימַת פה or ע׳ שפתים curving the mouth (the lips), speaking sulkily, mumbling, in gen. talk, opp. to מעשה action. Meïl. 17ᵇ מֵעֲ׳ שפתיך וכ׳ from the argument thou didst utter in an undertone one can tell that thou art a scholar. Keth. 45ᵇ ע׳ שפתיו גרמה לו (not גרמו) his talk (casting suspicion on his wife) brought it (the punishment) upon him. Snh. 65ᵃ ע׳ שפתיו הוי מעשה talk (e.g. blasphemy, false testimony) is considered an action (can be punished), Ib.ᵇ; B. Mets. 90ᵇ (in reference to guiding an animal by means of a human voice). ↗ expanded

עֲקִימוּתָא (v. preced.) crookedness, perverseness, insincerity. Targ. Prov. VI, 12 (h. text עקשות). Targ. Hos. VII, 16 Regia (Bxt. עִקְמוּת), v. עִמְקיּתָא. ↗ expanded

עֲקִימְתָּא , v. עָקִים ↗ expanded

עֲקִיסָה , v. עֲקִיצָה ↗ expanded

עֲקִיפִים (עָקַף) circuit. Sifré Deut. 26 יהיו מחזירים איתו בע׳ they shall lead him around in a circuit (expose him to public disgrace; Deut. R. s. 2; Yalk. ib. 810 בקוּמְפּוֹן). circumvention, lawyer’s trick. B. Kam. 113ᵃ באין עליו בע׳ we bewilder him by subtle arguments; אין באין עליו בע׳ וכ׳ you must not do it, because you must sanctify the name of the Lord (by your integrity in dealing with a gentile). ↗ expanded

עֲקִיצָה (עָקַץ) sting. Ab. II, 10 עֲקִיצָתָן עֲקִיצַת עקרב (Ar. עֲקִיסָתָן עֲקִיסַת) their sting (the scholars’ ban) is a scorpion’s sting; Num. R. s. 3, beg. cutting fruit by the stalk. Y. Maas. Sh. V, 56ᵇ top שכר ע׳ remuneration for cutting, contrad. to לקיטה. ↗ expanded

עֲקִירָא (part. pass. of עֲקַר) castrate. Sabb. 152ᵃ, v. אִיקָא. ↗ expanded

עֲקִירָה (עָקַר) tearing loose, plucking. Snh. 68ᵃ למדני עֲקִירָתָן teach me, how to tear them out.—Pl. עֲקִירוֹת. Sifré Deut. 171, v. עִיקּוּר. removal from place, lifting up. Sabb. 2ᵇ כל עֲקִירַת וכ׳, v. הוֹצָאָה. Ib. 3ᵃ עקירת גופו כעקירת חפץ וכ׳ is moving one’s body (starting to walk) like lifting an object from its place?; a. fr. uprooting, undoing. Y. Hor. I, 46ᵃ עקירת הגוף a decision which abrogates a Biblical law entirely; Y. Yeb. X, 10ᵈ bot. making childless, extinction. Pesik. R. s. 47 (ref. to להשמידו, Deut. IX, 20) עקירת בנים ובנות extinction of sons and daughters (v. כִּילּוּי). ↗ expanded

עָקִישׁ , v. עָקוֹשׁ I ↗ expanded

עָקַל to be curved, round, twisted. Pi. עִיקֵּל to curve. Part. pass. מְעוּקָּל. Sifré Deut. 308; Yalk. ib. 942 מקל מע׳ a crooked staff. ↗ expanded

עֲקַל Pa. עַקֵּל same, to curve, v. עֲקַם. ↗ expanded

עֵקֶל ) m. (preced.) a bale of loose texture containing the olive pulp to be pressed. Maasr. I, 7; Tosef. ib. I, 7 (Var. עוקל). Toh. X, 8; Y. Ab. Zar. V, end, 45ᵇ הע׳ של נצרים, v. infra. Sabb. 144ᵇ מוחל היוצא מע׳ בית הבד Ar. (ed. מעיקול) the watery fluid which oozes out of the bale made up for the press; (Tosef. Toh. X, 3 מעיקת; R. S. to Toh. IX, 1 מן שוקת, corr. acc.). Tosef. l. c. כינסו ועשאו עיקל (R. S. l. c. שוקת) if he collected the fluid and put it back into the bale. Snh. 26ᵃ יכול לומר לע׳ בית הבד וכ׳ he (who trims vines in the Sabbatical year) may say, I need the twigs to make a bale for the press. Ib. (proverbial expression) הלב יודע אם לע׳ אם לעקלקלות the heart knows whether it is done for ʿekel (a legitimate purpose) or out of ‘ãḳalḳaloth (perverseness); Y. Shebi. IV, 35ᵃ; Lam. R. to I, 5; a. e.—Pl. עֲקָלִים, עֲקָלִין (or עִקָּ׳). Y. Shebi. l. c. (in Chald. dict.) לע׳ אנא בעי I need the twigs for &c., v. supra. Ab. Zar. 75ᵃ; Tosef. ib. VIII (IX), 3 הע׳ של נצרין וכ׳ bales made of wicker or hemp &c.; Tosef. Toh. XI, 16 הע׳ של נוצרין. Ex. R. s. 15 ע׳ של זיתים olive pulp. (from its shape) a mass of iron used for ballast. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. I, 1. Makhsh. V, 7 המים העולים … ובע׳ וכ׳ (ed. Dehr. ובעיקל) water that comes up (and settles) in the hull, on the ballast or on the rudders; [Maim.: in the cavity in the hull made for the reception of drippings from the deck; cmp. עוּקָה]. ↗ expanded

עִקְלָא (preced.; cmp. Lat. torques) band, clasp.—Pl. עִקְלַיָּא, עִי׳. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXXI, 50 (h. text עגיל). ↗ expanded

עקלגסים , v. קַלְגָּס ↗ expanded

עִקְלָן , v. עִיקֵּל ↗ expanded

עֲקַלְקַלּוֹת tortuous ways, perverseness. Snh. 26ᵃ; Y. Shebi. IV, 35ᵃ, a. e., v. עֵקֶל. ↗ expanded

עֲקַלָּתוֹן preced. wds.) tortuousness; דרך ע׳ in a round about way, indirectly. Y. Dem. IV, 24ᵃ top מהו שישאלנו דרך ע׳ may one ask him indirectly (so as to give him an opportunity to confess his omission without compromising himself)? [[. עָקַם (cmp. עקב) to curve, wind. Y. Erub. II, 20ᵃ bot. כל מה שהפרה פושטת … הגמל עוֹקֵם וכ׳ whereas the cow stretches her neck out straight, the camel turns his neck. Lev. R. s. 10, v. infra. Lam. R. to II, 8 עוקם את חוטמו turns up his nose (at the bad odor).—Meïl. 17ᵇ ע׳ פיו ר׳ אליעזר וכ׳ R. El.… curved his mouth (pouted speaking in an undertone, v. עֲקִימָה). to circumvent, supersede, v. עָקַב. Pi. עִיקֵּם to curve, wind; to make a circuit. Y. Yoma VI, 44ᵇ bot. שלשים … והיה מְעַקְּמוֹ וכ׳ the priest’s belt was thirty-two cubits long, and he wound it this way and that; Lev. R. s. 10 ועוקמו לפניו ולאחוריו (read: ועִיקְּמוֹ); Cant. R. to IV, 4 (not מעמקו). Gen. R. s. 50 (ref. to סורו, Gen. XIX, 2) אפי׳ איני כדאי עַקְּמוּ עלי את הדרך though I be not worthy (of your visit), go out of your way on my account; ib. עקמו עלי את הדרך כדי שלא תהיו נראים וכ׳ take a circuitous route in coming to me, that you may not be seen going to me. Gen. R. s. 32 ע׳ הקב"ה שתים וכ׳ the Lord (Bible text) uses a circumlocution of two or three words (writes two or three words where one would have been sufficient) in order to avoid the word ‘unclean’; Pes. 3ᵃ; Lev. R. s. 26, beg.; a. e.—Part. pass. מְעוּקָּם; f. מְעוּקֶּמֶת tortuous; tricky. Y. Erub. V, 22ᵈ top היה הנחל מע׳ if the wady meandered. Tanḥ. Vaëra 4 מה הנחש הולך מע׳ אף המלכות מְעַקֶּמֶת דרכיה as the serpent moves in tortuous lines, so the government winds its ways; כשם שהנחש מע׳ אף פרעה מע׳ as the serpent is cunning, so is Pharaoh cunning; Ex. R. s. 9; a. e. Hithpa. הִתְעַקֵּם to wind one’s self, be artful. Ib. כשיבוא להִתְעַקֵּם וכ׳ if he (Pharaoh) tries his tricks, go and say to Aaron &c.; Tanḥ. l. c. ↗ expanded

עֲקַם , ch. same. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᵃ; Koh. R. to VII, 7 הוינא עָקֵים וכ׳, v. אִסְטְרָטָא.—Part. pass. עָקִים, q. v., fr. which עֲקִימִית. Targ. Ps. XXXVIII, 7 (h. text נעויתי). Pa. עַקֵּים to curve, wind. Targ. Is. LIX, 8 (ed. Wil. עֲקִי׳ Pe.; h. text עקשו). Targ. Prov. X, 9 דמְעַקֵּם Regia (ed. דמְעַקְּמָן, v. infra; Bxt. דמְעַקֵּל). Targ. Mic. III, 9; a. e.—Part. pass. מְעַקַּם; f. מְעַקְּמָא; pl. מְעַקְּמָן Targ. Prov. II, 15. Ib. X, 9 (ed. Ven. דמעק מן, corr. acc.), v. supra. ↗ expanded

עַקְמוּמִית (preced. wds.) curve. Erub. 14ᵃ עַקְמוּמִיתָהּ חוץ למבוי if the curved portion (of the beam placed over the entrance) is outside the alley. Ib. כל שאילו תינטל עקמומיתה וכ׳ Ms. M. if, after the curved portion is taken off, there remains a gap of less than &c. Y. ib. I, 19ᵃ bot. והוא שתהא ע׳ מן הצד provided the curve is sideways; ע׳ שהיא מעכבת וכ׳ a curve which obstructs the alley. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 40ᵃ bot. דרך ע׳ היתה it was a tortuous road (on which he met her); Y. Ber. IX, 13ᶜ top עקמומיתה (corr. acc.); a. e.—Pl. עַקְמוּמִיּוֹת. Y. Erub. I, 18ᶜ bot. אלו … דרך ע׳ וכ׳ those living on this side of the alley make use of the curves (on this side of the wall), and those living on the other side make use of the curves (on the other side) &c. ambush, hiding place (by the wayside).—Pl. as ab. Sifré Deut. 20 אין לך דרך שאין בה ע׳ there is no highway without ambushes; Yalk. ib. 804 (sing.). crookedness of the heart, insidiousness. Midr. Till. to Ps. VII, 9 כתומי ולא כעַקְמִימוּתִי according to my simplicity, but not according to my insidiousness (sin). (v. next w.) hump; trnsf. haughtiness. Ber. 59ᵃ לא נבראו רעמים אלא לפשוט ע׳ שבלב (Ms. F. לפסוק עקמומיות, pl.; v. Rabb. R. S. a. l. note 400) the thunders were created to level (to cut off) the protuberance (protuberances) of the heart (to break man’s pride). ↗ expanded

עַקְמוּמִיתָא , hump, protuberance; trnsf. haughtiness. Targ. Lam. II, 19 שדיאי … עקמומית ליביך throw out like water the protuberance of thy heart (humble thyself); Targ. Y. Ex. XL, 7.–Snh. 91ᵃ (speaking to a hunchback, v. גְּבִיעָא) בעיטנא … ופשיטנא לעַקְמוּמִיתָךְ מינך Ms. K. (Ms. M. לעַקְמִימוּתָךְ, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; ed. לעִקְמוּתָךְ) I shall kick thee and level thy hump from off thee (drive out thy conceit). ↗ expanded

עִקָּמוֹן (preced. wds.) craft, trap. Koh. R. to IX, 14, v. כִּמָּנוֹן. ↗ expanded

עַקְמִימוּתָא , v. עַקְמוּמִיתָא ↗ expanded

עִקְמוּתָא (preced. wds.) crookedness, insincerity. Targ. Hos. VII, 16 Bxt., v. עֲקִימוּתָא. protuberance, v. עַקְמוּמִיתָא. ↗ expanded

עַקְמָן , v. עוֹקְמָן ↗ expanded

עַקְמָנוּת (preced.) indirectness, reserve, opp. תמימות frankness. Lev. R. s. 11 בא בע׳ spoke with reserve; Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 27; Yalk. Sam. 161. ↗ expanded

עַקְמָנוּתָא , v. עוּקְמָנוּתָא ↗ expanded

עַקְנָא our trouble, v. עָקָא. ↗ expanded

עֲקַס , v. עֲקַץ ↗ expanded

עָקַף (cmp. עָקַב) [to bend, go around,] to circumvent; to seek occasion against. Y. Gitt. V, 46ᶜ bot. ומלוה … ועוֹקֵף ונוטלה ממנו he will lend him money and seek an opportunity to take it (the coveted field) from him; (Tosef. Keth. XII, 2 וקופץ, v. Gitt. 49ᵇ). to go beyond, supersede. Y. Kidd. I, 59ᵈ top בשלשה מקומות ההלכה עוֹקֶפֶת למקרא וכ׳ (not התורה) on three occasions the practice supersedes the Biblical text, and on one the legitimate interpretation of the text (ignoring the rules of interpretation); Sot. 16ᵃ, v. עָקַב. ↗ expanded

עָקַץ (cmp. עקב, a. Arab. ʿaḳaṣ) [to bend, twist; denom. עוּקָץ tail, point, peduncle &c.,] to cut fruit by the stalks. Peah VII, 3 ע׳ את כל האשכול Ms. M. if he cut an entire cluster. Snh. 41ᵃ ע׳ תאנה he cut figs. B. Kam. 70ᵇ עֲקוֹץ לך תאינה מתאינתי וכ׳ cut figs (to the value of the stolen object) in my fig plantation, and take possession for me of the stolen object which thou holdest; a. e. to sting, prick. Y. Ber. VIII, 12ᵇ שעֲקָצוֹ חברבר וחיה that a lizard stung him, and he recovered. Cant. R. to I, 12 אפי׳ פורטענא לא ע׳ בם not even a flea stung them; ib. to V, 3 עָקְצָה. Ib. to II, 15 ועוֹקְצִין אותם and they pricked them (with a pin); a. fr.—Esth. R. to I, 12 (proverbial expression) רמזתו ולא נרמז עֲקָצַתּוּ ולא נעקץ she gave him a hint, and he did not heed it, she pricked him, and he did not feel the sting. Nif. נֶעֱקַץ to be stung, feel the sting, v. supra. ↗ expanded

עֲקַץ , to sting. Targ. Y. Deut. VIII, 15.—Bekh. 31ᵇ מאן דעָקֵיץ לִיעַקְצֵיה וכ׳ (Rashi: מאן דעקץ תְּעַקְצֵיה; Ar. מאן דעֲקַס עֲקַסְתֵּיה) let a scorpion sting him who stings (stung), i.e. he who ignored me deserves to be excommunicated. ↗ expanded

עָקַר [to be curved, bent; denom. עִיקָּר root,] to uproot, tear loose, detach, remove; to eradicate, undo, abolish, abrogate. Hor. 14ᵃ עוֹקֵר הרים; Snh. 24ᵃ עוקר הרי הרים, v. הַר. Ab. III, 17 הרוח באה ועוֹקַרְתּוֹ וכ׳ a wind comes and uproots it and turns it &c. Pesik. Ekha, p. 123ᵃ כל מקום שנאמר ארון עוקר דיורין ומכניס וכ׳ wherever Adon (Master) is mentioned in the Bible, it means (the landlord) that displaces tenants and imports tenants; ib. עוקר כנענים וכ׳ who drives out the Canaanites and brings in the Israelites. Y. Yeb. I, 2ᵈ; ib. XIII, beg. 13ᵇ ממאנת … לַעֲקוֹר זיקת המת she may (on arriving at majority) refuse the Yabam, which has the effect of annulling her relation to her deceased husband. Ib. כל עמה מודיי שהיא עוֹקֶרֶת all agree that by doing so she annuls her marriage to her deceased husband. Pes. 101ᵇ עָקְרוּ רגליהן לצאת when they detached their feet, in order to go. Sabb. 5ᵃ ע׳ ממקומו וכ׳ (sub. רגליו) he moved from his place and received it. Y. Bets. V, 63ᵃ bot., v. קִיפּוּץ. Meg. 5ᵇ בקש לעקור תשעה וכ׳ wanted to abolish the fast of the Ninth of Ab. Pes. 115ᵇ אין עוֹקְרִין את השלחן we do not remove the table (v. comment.); a. v. fr.—Part. pass. עָקוּר; f. עֲקוּרָה; pl. עֲקוּרִים, עְקוּרִין; עֲקוּרוֹת a) uprooted, torn out. Peah VI, 9 תבואה ע׳ loose (cut) grain, שאינה ע׳ still in the ground.—b) = עָקָר [rootless,] barren, impotent. Yeb. 64ᵃ יצחק אבינו ע׳ היה Isaac was impotent; שניהם ע׳ היו both of them (Isaac and Rebecca) were impotent. Ib. מפני מה היו אבותינו ע׳ wherefore were our ancestors childless (until they prayed)?; a. fr.—Bekh. 44ᵇ (ref. to Deut. VII, 14 ועקרה) שלא תהא תפלתך ע׳ וכ׳ that thy prayer shall not be fruitless before the Lord; Yalk. Deut. 884 שלא … ע׳ מלפני המקום that thy prayer shall not be removed from before the Lord; שלא יהא ביתך עקור מן התלמידים (not עקורה) that thy house shall not be deprived of scholars. to mutilate, hamstring; to make barren, v. infra. Nif. נֱעֶקַר to be uprooted; to be removed, eradicated, destroyed. Y. Kil. III, 28ᶜ bot. נֶעֶקְרוּ הראשונים if the first seeds have been taken out. Ber. IX, 1 הרואה … מקום שנֶעֶקְרָה וכ׳ he who sees … a place from which an idol has been removed (by destruction). Ib. 12ᵇ לא שתֵּעָקֵר … ממקומה וכ׳ not that the memory of the going out from Egypt will be removed from its place (entirely extinct) &c., v. עִיקָּר. Ib.ᵇ לא שיֵעָקֵר יעקב וכ׳ not that the name of Jacob will entirely fall into disuse; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱקִיר to make barren (עָקָר). Cant. R. to II, 14 מפני מה הֶעֱקַרְתִּי אתכן why did I decree that you be childless? Because I desired to hear your prayer; Gen. R. s. 45 עִקּרְתִּי Pi. (or עָקַרְתִּי Kal). Pi. עִיקֵּר to uproot; to tear loose &c. Gen. R. s. 42 מְעַקַּר בגפנים tried to uproot the vines (destroy the entire nation); Lev. R. s. 11. Ib. המן … לעַקֵּר וכ׳ Haman … undertook to destroy the vines; Gen. R. l. c. ביקש לַעֲקוֹר הגפן כלה. Ḥull. V, 3 המעקר he who tears loose the organs to be cut at slaughtering (v. סִימָן); a. fr. to unfit, mutilate, hamstring; to make barren. Treat. S’maḥ. ch. VIII שורפין ומְעַקְּרִין לפני מלכים you may burn (clothes &c.) and hamstring horses at a king’s death; Ab. Zar. 11ᵃ עוֹקְרִין; Tosef. Sabb. VII (VIII), 19 עוקרין; v. עִיקּוּר. Gen. R. s. 45, v. supra; a. e. Nithpa. נִתְעַקֵּר to be made barren. Ib. למה נִתְעַקְּרוּ האמהות וכ׳ why were the Mothers allowed to be childless? Because the Lord desired to hear their prayers; Cant. R. l. c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲקַר 1 , to uproot &c. Targ. II Kings III, 25. Targ. Jer. I, 10. Targ. Lam. III, 5; a. fr. Pa. עַקֵּר to uproot, destroy; to mutilate, hamstring. Targ. II Sam. XVII, 13; a. e.—Ib. VIII, 4 (ed. Wil. עֲקַר Pe.). Targ. Josh. XI, 6; a. e.—Pes. 115ᵇ קא מְעַקְּרֵי תכא וכ׳ they want to remove the tray before us. Ib. 113ᵃ לא תְעַקֵּר ככא, v. כַּכָּא; a. e. Ithpa. אִתְעַקַּר, Ithpe. אִתְעֲקַר, אִיעֲקַר to be uprooted, detached, removed. Targ. Prov. II, 22. Ib. XXIV, 31. Targ. Ps. LXXVI, 7; a. fr.—Sabb. 63ᵇ, v. וְלַד. Pes. 101ᵃ ואִיתְעַקְּרָא ליה שרגא his lamp was upset. Y. Ab. Zar. II, 40ᶜ bot. ואִיתְעַקְּרוּן and they were ruined (their trade became extinct), opp. קמון they remained in the trade. Sabb. 147ᵇ איע׳ תלמודיה his learning was uprooted; i.e. he forgot what he had learned; a. e. to become impotent. Yeb. 64ᵇ איע׳ מפרקיה דרב וכ׳ became impotent through sitting at the lectures of R. H. (by suppressing his needs). Keth. 62ᵇ אִיעַקְּרָא דביתהו his wife had lost the faculty of conceiving; a. e. ↗ expanded

עִקָּר , v. עִיקָּר ↗ expanded

עָקָר preced. wds.) [rootless,] sterile, impotent, barren. Bekh. 44ᵇ נמצא ע׳ he becomes impotent. Ib. (ref. to Deut. VII, 14) [read:] לא יהיה בך ע׳ שלא יהיה ביתך ע׳ מן התלמידים ‘there shall be no barren one among thee’, means that thy house shall never be barren of scholars (v. Yalk. Deut. 848); Deut. R. s. 3 עקר ועקרה מן התשובה impotent to give a proper answer (to heretics). Ib. לא תהא תפלתך ע׳, v. עָקַר. Gen. R. s. 53 לא היית אומר אברם פרדה ע׳ וכ׳ didst thou not say, Abram is a barren mule &c.?; B. Bath. 91ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) כודנא עקרה, v. כּוּדְנָא; a. fr.—Num. R. s. 14 (play on עקרת, Num. VII, 55) א"ת קערת אלא עֲקֶרֶת כנגד יעקב וכ׳ read not ḳaʿãrath (dish), but ʿãḳereth (uprooted), corresponding to Jacob who wrested the birthright from Reuben and gave it to Joseph.—Pl. עֲקָרִים; f. עֲקָרוֹת. Gen. R. s. 39 אברהם … על הע׳ וכ׳ Abraham prayed for the childless women, and they were visited. Gen. R. s. 53 הרבה ע׳ נפקדו עמה many childless ones were visited at the same time with her (Sarah); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲקַר 2 same. Targ. O. Deut. VII, 14. Targ. Ps. CXIII, 9; a. fr.—Sabb. 152ᵃ עקר Ag. Hatt. (ed. עיקרא), v. אִיקָא. Gen. R. s. 47, beg. וצווחין דא ע׳; ib. s. 53, v. יְנֵי I. Yeb. 65ᵇ סמא דע׳ a drug which causes barrenness; a. fr.—Pl. עַקְרִין; f. עַקְרָן. Targ. Y. Deut. l. c. (ed. Vien. נשין עקרין, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עִקָּרָא , v. sub עִיקָּ׳. ↗ expanded

עַקְרָב c. (b. h.; prob. fr. עקב, with anorg. ר; cmp. עַרְקוֹב) scorpion. Ab. V, 5 ולא הזיק נחש וע׳ וכ׳ nor did ever a serpent or a scorpion harm anybody in Jerusalem. Ib. II, 10, v. עֲקִיצָה. Sabb. 121ᵇ ע׳ שבחדייב the scorpion of Adiabene; Y. ib. XIV, beg. 14ᵇ. Num. R. s. 10 היין משול בע׳ (some ed. כע׳) wine is compared to a scorpion; מה ע׳ מכה בעוקצו … סופו as the scorpion wounds with its tail, so wine wounds at the end. Sifra K’dosh., Par. 1, ch. II עקצתו ע׳ if a scorpion stung him; a. fr.—Pl. עַקְרַבִּים, עַקְרַבִּין. Sabb. l. c. Gen. R. s. 84 (ref. to Gen. XXXVII, 24) מים אין בו אבל נחשים וע׳ וכ׳ water was not, but serpents and scorpion were therein; a. fr. the constellation Scorpio. Pesik. R. s. 20. Num. R. l. c. כל שעה … אין ע׳ וכ׳ as long as Kimah (v. כִּימָה) is visible, Scorpio is invisible; a. fr. bit of a bridle. Kel. XI, 5. עַקְרַב בית הבד the iron-shod part of the pressbeam. Ib. XII, 3. ↗ expanded

עַקְרַבָּא , scorpion. Keth. 50ᵃ דטרקא ליה ע׳ whom a scorpion stung. Ned. 41ᵃ חזייה לההיא ע׳ וכ׳ (not לההוא קרוקיתא דע׳), v. אַקְרוֹקְתָּא. Ḥag. 5ᵃ, v. זִיבּוֹרָא; a. fr.—Pl. עַקְרַבִּין, עַקְרַבֵּי. Targ. Deut. VIII, 15; a. e.—Snh. 67ᵇ שדא … הוו ע׳ he poured out a little (of the water), and scorpions appeared. ↗ expanded

עַקְרַבָּא ² , v. עַקְרַבַּת ↗ expanded

עַקְרַבִּין , מסקנא דע׳ the ascent of ʿAḳrabbin. Targ. O. Num. XXXIV, 4 (ed. Vien. עַקְרַבִּים; Y. עַקְרַבִּית); Targ. Josh. XV, 3; Targ. Jud. I, 36 עקרבים (h. text מעלה עקרבים). ↗ expanded

עַקְרַבְלִין , v. עַרְקבְ׳ ↗ expanded

עַקְרַבַּת ʿAḳrabbath, a place at a day’s distance north of Jerusalem. Maas. Sh. V, 2 Ms. M. (ed. עַקְרַבָּה; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); Bets. 5ᵃ עקרבת Ms. M. (ed. עקרבא, עקרבה). ↗ expanded

עַקָרָה , v. עָקָר ↗ expanded

עִקֶּרֶת , v. עִיקָּר ↗ expanded

עֲקֶרֶת , v. עָקָר ↗ expanded

עִקֵּשׁ 1 , v. עָקוֹשׁ II ↗ expanded

עִקֵּשׁ 2 ʿIḳḳesh. Bekh. 38ᵃ חזקיה אבי ע׳. ↗ expanded

עִקְשָׁן (v. עֲקוּשָּׁה) crooked-legged, v. קִישָׁן. ↗ expanded

עָקַת (עוּק) anguish, trouble, distress. Targ. Ex. XVIII, 8 (ed. Berl. עָ׳). Targ. O. Gen. XLII, 21 עֲקַת constr. (ed. Berl. עָקַת); a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 81 (prov.) בשעת ע׳ נדרא וכ׳ in the hour of trouble—a vow, in time of release—forgetting; Tanḥ. Vayishl. 8; Yalk. Gen. 135 בשעת עקת נדר (corr. acc.); a. fr.—Pl. עָקָן (v. עָקָא), עָקָתָא. Targ. Ps. XXV, 22.—Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 5 ed. Bub., v. פְּנֵי II. ↗ expanded

עָקְתָא 2 (עקת, v. עִיקְתָא II), pl. עָקְתִין narrows; trnsf. distress. Targ. Ps. XXV, 17. ↗ expanded

עָר [stirring up,] hater. Gen. R. s. 37; Y. Ber. IV, 7ᵇ bot. שׁנׄעׄרׄ שׄונׄא ועׄרׄ וכ׳ Babylonia is called Shinar, because she reared an enemy and hater of the Lord (Nebuchadnezzar); Yalk. Gen. 62 (not וצר); Lam. R. introd. (R. Josh. 2).—[Midr. Till. to Ps. CII, 18 שהיה ער, ed. Bub., v. עַרְעָר.] ↗ expanded

עָר ² Lev. R. s. 26 [read:] הידא ליגבי שנאך הידא ליגבי עָרָךְ (v. הֵידָא) why dost thou call on thy enemy, why on thy adversary?; Midr. Sam. ch. XXIV הידא ליה גבי ערך הידא ליה גבי חברך (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עֵר 1 awake, v. עוּר I. ↗ expanded

עֵר 2 (b. h.) pr. n. m. Er, son of Judah and Tamar. Gen. R. s. 85 ער שהוער מן העולם his name was Er, because he was removed out of the world (died young); Yalk. ib. 145. Yeb. 34ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַר (cmp. עָר) ʿar, name of a bird of prey, perh. Lammergeyer. Targ. O. Lev. XI, 13 (ed. Amst. עד; Targ. Y. עוזא; h. text פרס); Targ. O. Deut. XIV, 12 (ed. Berl. עָר; Y. II עַרְיָא; ed. Amst. עַדְ׳). ↗ expanded

עָרָא 1 , v. עָר ch. ↗ expanded

עָרָא 2 bay-tree. Gitt. 69ᵇ טרפא דע׳ Ar. (ed. אטרפא דערא׳; Rashi דארעא, expl. עלה של עץ ארא) bay-leaves (v. Löw, Pfl.,ע׳ăronim p. 299). a species of cedar, pine.—Pl. עָרֵי. B. Bath. 81ᵃ; R. Hash. 23ᵃ (ערונים) ארונים ע׳ ãronim (v. אֹרֶן) is (in Ch.) ʿaré (Rashi: laurel tree); (Yalk. Is. 314 ארמונים ערובי׳). ↗ expanded

עֲרָאָה , v. preced. ↗ expanded

עַרְאַי (= עַרְעַי, v. עֲרַע a. אֲרַע) evil, misfortune. Sifra B’ḥuck., Par. 2, ch. V (ref. to קרי, Lev. XXVI, 23, sq.) אתם עשיתם … עריי בעולם אף אני … ע׳ וכ׳ you made my laws of justice a misfortune in the world, so I shall make you a misfortune in the world; ib. ch. VIII; Yalk. Lev. 675 עראי. accident, chance, improvisation, opp. קבע. Succ. 2ᵃ צא מדירת קבע ושב בדירת ע׳ leave the permanent, and live in a temporary dwelling. Ib. II, 9 כל … סוכתו קבע ודירתו ע׳ Ms. M. (ed. וביתו) during the seven days (of the Feast of Booths) man must make his booth the permanent and his dwelling the incidental residence. Ib. 26ᵃ אכילת ע׳ an incidental meal, luncheon, opp. to אכילת קבע a regular meal. Maasr. I, 5 אוכל מהם ע׳ וכ׳ (sub אכילת) he may make of them an irregular meal until &c.; Tosef. ib. I, 11, a. e. אַרְעַי ed. Wil., oth. עראי. Succ. l. c. שינת ע׳ irregular sleep, a nap; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עָרַב 1 [to insert, press into, interweave,] to mix, confuse. Yalk. Deut. 808 עָרְבוּ את העיסה (or עֵרְבוּ Pi.; not ערכו), v. עִיסָה. [to substitute, put in place of,] to vouch for. Cant. R. to I, 4 אבותינו עוֹרְבִים אותנו let our ancestors be our surety (for our observance of the Law); Yalk. Cant. 982. Deut. R. s. 3 מבקשים אתם שנַעֲרוֹב אתכס וכ׳ do you want us to guarantee to you that, if you separate your tithes properly, the mice will not attack your grain any more? Ib. ע׳ אותן והלכו he did guarantee to them, and the mice went &c. Tanḥ. Vayigg. 5 מפני מה לא עָרַבְתָּ את וכ׳ why didst thou not pledge thyself for thy brother &c?; a. fr. Pi. עֵירֵב to mix. Gitt. 52ᵇ שמואל אמר מְעָרֵב Samuel explains (המנסך ib. V, 4, v. נָסַךְ), he who mixes forbidden wine with his neighbor’s permitted wine. Koh. R. to IX, 13, a. e. המערב מים ביין וכ׳ who puts water into wine &c., v. גְּלַבְקְיָא. M. Kat. 8ᵇ אין מְעָרְבִין שמחה בשמחה you must not mix one rejoicing with another (e.g. celebrate a wedding during the Festive Week); Gen. R. s. 70. Y. Ber. II, 4ᵈ top; Y. Meg. I, 71ᶜ עי׳ את האותיות if one made the letters of a word of uneven sizes (so that they are not in a line). Gen. R. s. 15 שלא לעָרֵב את האותיות he said המוציא in order not to confound the letters (by saying העולם מוציא); Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵃ bot. ראשי אותיות; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְעוּרָב; f. מְעוּרֶבֶת; pl. מְעוּרָבִים, מְעוּרָבִין; מְעוּרָבוֹת. Yalk. Deut. 808 וראה הפת מע׳ קיבר and saw that the bread was mixed with coarse flour. Erub. 27ᵃ כשקרבי דגים מע׳ בהן when entrails of fish are mixed up with the brine; a. e.—Lev. R. s. 20 (in Chald. dict.) מעורב, v. עַרְבֵּב. (denom. of עֵירוּב 2) to lay an ʿErub, to create a symbolical community of residence or continuity of action. Erub. III, 1 מערבין לנזיר ביין you may use wine for an ʿErub for the benefit of a Nazarite. Ib. 84ᵇ; 87ᵇ עד שיְעָרְבוּ until they connect them symbolically by an ʿErub; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Sabb. XVI, 3 חצר המע׳ a court which has been made available for Sabbath movements by means of an ʿErub; a. e. to pledge. Part. pass. as ab. Esth. R. to I, 1 (ref. to בני התערבות, II Chr. XXV, 24) שהיו מְעוּרָבוֹתֵיהֶן של אבותיהן they were the hostages for their fathers. Hithpa. הִתְעָרֵב, Nithpa. נִתְעָרֵב to be mixed. Ḥull. VI, 5 דם שנ׳ במים if blood (which requires covering up, v. כִּיסּוּי) has been mixed with water. Tosef. Ter. V, 15 פרוסות … שנִתְעָרְבוּ וכ׳ if pieces of show-bread have become mixed up with a hundred times as many pieces of secular bread; Yeb. 81ᵇ פרוסה … שנִתְעָרְבָה וכ׳; Y. Orl. II, 61ᵈ bot. Cant. R. to I, 3 מה השמן הזה אין מִתְעָרֵב … אין מִתְעָרְבִים וכ׳ as oil cannot be mixed with other liquids, so Israel should not be mixed with the nations of the world; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲרַב to vouch for, be surety for. Targ. Prov. VI, 1. Targ. Job XVII, 3; a. e.—Y. Dem. I, 22ᵃ top אמרו ליה עוֹרְבָן ועַרְבוֹן וכ׳ they said to him, pledge thyself to us (that the mice will not attack our produces, if we separate the tithes properly, v. preced.), and he did pledge himself to them, and they suffered no longer (v. נְכֵי). Y. Kil. IX, 32ᶜ bot ריגלוי … עַרְבוּנֵיה למיקמתיה וכ׳ (not ערבתיה) man’s feet are pledged to place him where he is wanted (to die); Succ. 53ᵃ רגלוהי … אינון עַרְבִין ביה וכ׳. Bekh. 48ᵇ מכדי נכסוהי … ערבין ביה is a man’s property pledged for his personal debts (that you can seize it, even if it is sold)?; B. Bath. 174ᵃ ניכסי … ערבין ביה Ms. M. (ed. מערבין יתיה) a man’s property is pledged for him (you can attach it without previous summons); a. e. to mix, v. infra, a. עָרִיב. to combine. B. Kam. 65ᵇ עַרְבֵיה, v. פְּסַק Af Pa. עָרֵיב to mix; to mix up, confound. Targ. O. Gen. XXX, 40 (Bxt. עֲ׳ Pe.; Y. עַרְבֵּיב׳). Targ. Y. I Deut. VII, 23 (ed. Vien. וִיעַרְבִּ׳ Pe.; Y. II ויערבב׳); a. e.—Ḥull. 6ᵃ כמאן דע׳ בידים דמי it is as if he had mixed it (added leaven and spices) with his own hands. Ab. Zar. 39ᵇ דילמא מייתי ומְעָרֵב ביה lest he bring (unclean milk) and mix it with the clean milk; a. e.—Part. pass. מְעָרַב, מְעַרַב; pl. מְעַרְבִין, מְעַרְבֵי. Targ. Y. Lev. XVI, 18 (not מְעַרְבּ׳, מֵ׳). Targ. Ex. XXX, 35 (ed. Vien. מַעֲרַב Af.) well-mixed, seasoned (h. text מְמֻלָּח). Targ. Is. I, 22 (ed. Wil. מַעֲרָב Af.); a. e.—Sabb. 85ᵇ והא קא מערבי להדי הדדי Ms. M. (ed. מִיתְעָרְבֵי בהדדי, Ithpa.) but will not the leaves of the seeds grow into each other? to lay an ʿErub (v. preced. Pi. 2). Targ. Y. Ex. XVI, 5 וִיעָ׳ (ed. Vien. ויעַ׳, corr. acc.).—Y. Bets. I, 61ᵇ top אנשינן מְעָרְבָה we forgot to make ʿErub Tabshilin (v. עֵירוּב); a. e. to vouch, be surety. Part. pass. as ab. Targ. O. Gen. XLIV, 32 מְעָרַב (not מְעָרֵב). Ithpa. אִיתְעָרֵב, Ithpe. אִיעֲרֵיב to be mixed. Targ. Josh. XXIII, 7. Targ. Y. II, Deut. VII, 3 (h. text תתחתן); a. e.—Sabb. l. c., v. supra.—Ab. Zar. l. c. אי משום אִיעֲרוּבֵי shall we apprehend an admixture (of wine in the honey)? Zeb. 76ᵃ סוף סוף איערובי מִיעֲרַב at the end it is mixed up. Ib. דאיע׳ when it became mixed; ib. 75ᵇ דאִיעֲרוּב Ms. M. (ed. דאיעבד) when things have become mixed; a. e.—[Ab. Zar. l. c. ולא מיערב, read מְעָרֵב.] ↗ expanded

עָרַב 2 v. preced.; cmp. Assyr. ʿerêbu to go in, Del. Assyr. Handw., p. 126) to go in, (cmp. בּוֹא) to set.—Denom. עֶרֶב. Hif. הֶעֱרִיב same. Neg. XIV, 3 ה׳ שמשו when his (the leper’s seventh day’s) sun has set; Yeb. 74ᵇ; Pes. 35ᵃ; a. e.—V. הַעֲרֵב. (denom. of עֶרֶב) to be late, to do late in the day. Lev. R. s. 19, beg. (play on שחרות כעורב, Cant. V, 11) מי שמשחיר ומַעֲרִיב בהן who works at them (studies the words of the Law) early and late; ע"י שהשחיר והע׳ בתורה because he was engaged in the Law early and late; Cant. R. to l. c.; Midr. Sam. ch. V; a. e.—V. הַעֲרָבָה. to cause the evening to come. Ber. 12ᵃ, a. e. מַעֲרִיב עֲרָבִים (‘blessed be thou, O Lord,) who causest the evenings to advance’, name of one of the benedictions preceding the recitation of the evening Sh’mʿa. ↗ expanded

עֲרַב ² Ithpe. אִיעְרַב to set. Ber. 2ᵇ אי׳ שמשא וכ׳ when the sun is set, the day is gone (v. דְּכִי). Ib. וכי תימא מכי אי׳ שמשא וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. עַרְבָא שמשא) and if you say, when the sun sets, we call it night &c.; Meg. 20ᵇ מכי ערבא וכ׳ (missing in Ms. M.). ↗ expanded

עָרֵב 1 [to be well-mixed, seasoned, cmp. esp. Targ. Ex. XXX, 35,] to be sweet, pleasant. Lam. R. to I, 9 יֶעֱרַב לך, v. בָּסֵם. Deut. R. s. 8 יערב עליכם much good may it do you; a. fr. Pi. עֵירֵב to sweeten; to gladden, humor. Sifré Deut. 306 מְעָרְבִים וכ׳, v. עָדַן.—Part. pass. מְעוּ֫רָב; f. מְעוּרֶבֶת. Keth. 17ᵃ לעולם תהא דעתו של אדם מע׳ עם הבריות at all times man’s disposition should be sweet in associating with men, i.e. sympathize with their feelings; Treat. Der. Er. ch. VI. Hif. הֶעֱרִיב to cause to be sweet, pleasing. Ber. 11ᵇ הַעֲרֶב נא וכ׳ let, I pray thee, the words of thy Law be sweet in our mouths &c. ↗ expanded

עָרִב 2 preced.) spiced, sweet; pleasing. Dem. I, 3 שמן ע׳ spiced (perfumed) oil; Tosef. Shebi. VI, 8. Cant. R. to IV, 4 שקולו ע׳ because his voice is sweet; a. fr.—Pl. עֲרֵבִים, עֲרֵבִין, עֲרֵי׳. Gen. R. s. 50 בשעה … ע׳ להם היו אומרים לו גש הלאה וכ׳ when he spoke to them words that pleased them, they said, come near &c. Ab. Zar. 35ᵃ (ref. to Cant. I, 2) ע׳ עלי דברי דודיך וכ׳ the words of thy friends (the scholars) are sweeter to me than the wine of the Law; a. fr.—Fem. עֲרֵבָה, עֲרֵי׳. Cant. R. to I, 2 [read:] מה מים … אינן ערבין בגופי כך תורה … אינה ע׳ בגופו as water does not taste well, if one is not thirsty, so it is with the Law, unless a man wearies himself in studying it, he does not get the taste of it; a. fr.—Pl. עֲרֵבוֹת, עֲרֵי׳. Ib. to V, 11 (play on כעֹרֵב, ib.) ע׳ הן עלי they are pleasing to me. ↗ expanded

עָרֵּב ch., v. עָרִיב ↗ expanded

עָרֵב 3 (עָרַב I, 2) bondsman, surety. Cant. R. to I, 4 הבא לי ע׳ וכ׳ bring me one to go security, and I shall lend thee. Ib. כשאין … הלא הע׳ if he has nothing to pay with, who is seized but the surety? Midr. Till. to Ps. VIII (ref. to Prov. VI, 1) בשעה שהזקן … עד שלא נתמנית לא היית ע׳ על וכ׳ when a man is appointed an elder, the Lord says to him, before thou wast appointed, thou wast not responsible for the community, now that thou hast been appointed &c. B. Bath. X, 7 המלוה … על ידי ע׳ לא יפרע מן הע׳ he who loans money to his neighbor through a surety, cannot collect from the surety (before having sued the debtor). Ib. 8 איזהו ע׳ שהוא חייב וכ׳ what guarantor is responsible? He who says, ‘lend him, and I shall pay thee’ (i.e. who guaranteed before the loan was consummated); a. fr.—Pl. עֲרֵבִים, עֲרֵבִין, עֲרֵי׳. Cant. R. l. c. בשעה שעמדו … הביאו לי ע׳ טובים וכ׳ when the Israelites were standing before mount Sinai to receive the Law, the Lord said … bring me good sureties (to vouch for you) that you will guard it; ib. אבותיכם צריכין ע׳ your ancestors need sureties themselves; ib. הא ודאי ע׳ וכ׳ these (your children) are certainly good sureties, and on their account I will give you the Law; Midr. Till. l. c. Ib. ע׳ אתם על אבותיכם שאם וכ׳ will you vouch for your fathers, so that you be seized, if they do not observe the Law? Ib. שהיו ע׳ זה לזה they made themselves responsible for one another. Snh. 27ᵇ bot. (ref. to Lev. XXVI, 37) מלמד שכל ישראל ע׳ זה בזה Ms. M. (ed. שכולן) this intimates that all Israelites are responsible for one another (bound to prevent wrongdoing); Shebu. 39ᵃ bot.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֹרֵב , v. עוֹרֵב ↗ expanded

עֶרֶב sunset, evening. Ber. I, 3, sq. בָּעֶ׳ in the evening (at prayer); a. v. fr.—Trnsf. decline. Gen. R. s. 50 בָּעֶרֶב בָּא עַרְבָהּ של סדום baʿereb (Gen. XIX, 1), the evening of Sodom has come. Esth. R. introd. מי יתן ערבה, v. בֹּקֶר; a. fr. entrance, the day preceding a certain day, the year preceding a certain period, eve. Sabb. II, 7 ע׳ שבת (abbrev. ע"ש) on Friday. Pes. 99ᵇ ע׳ הפסח the eve of the Passover. Taan. IV, 7 ע׳ תשעה באב the day preceding the ninth of Ab. Shebi. I, 1 ע׳ שביעית the year preceding the Sabbatical year; a. v. fr.—Du. עַרְבַּיִם. Ber. 26ᵇ, a. fr. בין הע׳ the time between the beginning of the decline of the sun and sunset (v. מִנְחָה), afternoon.—Pl. עֲרָבִים, constr. עַרְבֵי. Ber. 12ᵃ, v. עָרַב II. [עֲרָבִין, v. עַרְבִית.]—Pes. X, 1 ערבי פסחים (Bab. ed. 99ᵇ ערב, Ms. M. ערבי). Ib. 99ᵇ ע׳ שבתות וימים טובים the eves of Sabbaths and Festivals; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲרָב 1 (b. h.) pr. n. m. ʿÃrab, son of Ishmael. Targ. Y. Gen. XXV, 13 (h. text קדר). Arabia. Targ. Jer. XXV, 24. ↗ expanded

עֲרָב 2 ʿÃrab, near Sepphoris in Upper Galilee (v. Neub. Géogr. p. 204). Sabb. XVI, 7. Y. ib. XVI, end, 15ᵈ שמונה … יתיב בהדא ע׳ וכ׳ (not יהיב) eighteen years he (R. Joh. ben Zaccai) dwelled in that place ʿĂrab, and only those two cases came before him. Y. Taan. IV, 67ᶜ bot. Tosef. B. Kam. VI, 22; Y. ib. VI, 5ᶜ ↗ expanded

עֵרֶב woof, opp. שתי warp. Kel. I, 5 חוט ע׳ a thread of the woof (thicker than that of the warp). Nidd. 25ᵇ כשל ע׳ as thick as a thread of the woof; a. fr.—Trnsf. the latitudinal direction, opp. to שתי longitudinal direction. Sabb. 85ᵇ אם היו זרועין שתי זורען ע׳ if the beds (in a square) were planted lengthwise, he must plant (on the interspaces) crosswise. Ḥull. 109ᵇ קורעו שתי וע׳ he tears it (the udder) lengthwise and crosswise. Y. Ter. III, 42ᵃ bot. משהילכו בהן שתי וע׳ as soon as they trod on them (the grapes) once lengthwise and crosswise; a. fr.—[In later Hebrew שתי וע׳ cross, emblem of Christianity.] mixture; ע׳ רב (= ערברב) mixed multitude. Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 30. Bets. 32ᵇ הני מע׳ רב וכ׳ they are descendants of the mixed multitude (that came from Egypt); a. e., v. עֵירַבְרְבִין. ↗ expanded

עַרְבָא 1 , woof. Targ. Lev. XIII, 48, sq. (O. ed. Berl. עִירְ׳).—Ab. Zar. 17ᵇ הי דשתיא והי דע׳ which coil is for the warp, and which for the woof?; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַרְבָא 2 = h. עָרֵב III, bondsman, surety. B. Bath. 173ᵇ בתר ע׳ אזלי they (the Persian courts) go for the surety (without suing the debtor at all). Ib. 174ᵃ ע׳ דיתמי a bondsman for heirs, i.e. one who had gone security for the decedent. Sot. 37ᵇ ע׳ וע׳ דע׳ איכא בינייהו the difference between the two opinions lies in the question whether each bondsman (for the entire people at the covenant of Sinai) was also a bondsman for the bondsman, i.e. responsible for those failing to prevent wrongdoing. Gitt. 28ᵇ (proverbial expression) עַרְבָיךְ ע׳ צריך thy bondsman requires a bondsman, i.e. he on whom you rely for vigilance might be neglectful himself; Succ. 26ᵃ ערביך ע׳ צריך thy watchman might likewise fall asleep. Sabb. 140ᵇ ואנא ע׳ and I vouch for it; a. fr. ↗ expanded

ערְבָּא = h. עֲרָבָה, willow.—Pl. עַרְבִּין, (עַרְבִ׳). Targ. Lev. XXIII, 40. Targ. Job XL, 22.—V. עֲרַבְתָּא. ↗ expanded

עָרְבָּא raven, v. עוּרְבָּא. ↗ expanded

עֲרָבָאָה , v. עֲרָבִי ch. ↗ expanded

עִרְבֵּב (reduplic. of עָרַב I) to mix up, confound, disturb. Y. R. Hash. III, end 59ᵃ עי׳ את המזלות he (Moses) confounded the order of the planets. Cant. R. to I, 9 היו מְעַרְבְּבִין אותם they (the lightnings) confused their ranks; ib.; Mekh. B’shall. s. 5 עִרְבְּבָן הממן, v. הָמַם. Tanḥ. Vaëra 5 (ref. to יהולל, Koh. VII, 7) מערבבין אותו, v. עָסַק. Lev. R. s. 20 אם אני … הריני מְעַרְבֵּב שמחת וכ׳ if I put him to death now, I shall disturb my daughter’s wedding feast. Koh. R. to II, 2 [read:] ועִירְבַּבְתִּים I confounded them, v. הוּל. R. Hash. 16ᵇ כדי לעַרְבֵּב השטן in order to confound (silence) the accuser; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְעיּרְבָּב; f. מְעוּרְבֶּבֶת; pl. מְעוּרְבָּבִין; מְעוּרְבָּבוֹת. Tanḥ. Aḥăré 1 (ref. to Koh. II, 2) מה מע׳ שחוק של וכ׳ how confounded (mad) is the laughter of the gentiles in their theatres and circuses! Ib. מה מע׳ שחוק ששחקה מדת הדין על דור וכ׳ how the laughter was confounded which Divine Justice laughed over the generation of the flood, i.e. how the divine indulgence towards the sinful generation was abused! Ib. מה מע׳ … עם אלישבע וכ׳ how the rejoicing was disturbed which Divine Justice allowed Elisheba &c.; Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 170ᵃ מה מעורבב הוא השמחה (corr. acc.); Koh. R. l. c. Mekh. B’shall. s. 1 אין נבוכים אלא מע׳ n’bokhim (Ex. XIV, 3) means perplexed. Snh. 42ᵃ כדי שלא … מע׳ that they should not leave the court in perplexity (v. עָמַם). Ex. R. s. 11 חיות ועופות מע׳ various kinds of beasts and birds, v. עָרוֹב; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַרְבֵּב Targ. Y. Gen. XXX, 40. Targ. Y. II, Deut. VII, 23 (v. עֲרַב I). Targ. Y. Ex. XXIII, 8; a. fr.—Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 170ᵃ (expl. להוללים, Ps. LXXV, 5) למְעַרְבָּבַיָּא to those creating confusion; Lev. R. s. 20, v. חַלְחוֹלִית; ib. s. 17 (expl. בהוללים, Ps. LXXIII, 3) במערבא אמרי, read: במערבביא. Part. pass. מְעַרְבַּב, מְעַרְבְּבָא. Koh. R. to II, 2, v. דְּחוּכָא; Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 169ᵇ מעורבב; Lev. R. s. 20 מעורב. ↗ expanded

עֲרָבָה 1 עֲרָבִים pl.; עָרַב I, v. אֲרַבְתָּא) willow, willow-branch, esp. the boughs of the willow attached to the Lulab, and the willow branch used in the Temple in procession around the altar during the Succoth festival. Sifra Emor, Par. 12, ch. XVI, a. e. (ref. to Lev. XXIII, 40) ערבי נחל שתים ע׳ ללולב וע׳ למקדש ‘willows of the brook’ alludes to two, one willow for the Lulab, and one for the Temple procession. Succ. 34ᵃ עשר נטיעות ע׳ ניסוך וכ׳ the law concerning ten young trees (Shebi. I, 6), the custom of the procession with the willow branch, and that of the water libation are Sinaitic traditions (v. הֲלָכָה). Ib. ע׳ קנה שלה וכ׳ the willow (fit for the religious ceremony) has a red stem, its leaves are elongated, and their outlines plain (not curved or serried). Ib. IV, 1 לולב וע׳ וכ׳ for the ceremony of the Lulab and of the willow branch there are six or eventually seven days. Ib. 3 יום שביעי של ע׳ the seventh day of Succoth which is the special day for the ʿĂrabah (= יום הושענא, v. הוֹשַׁעְנָא); a. fr.—Pl. עֲרָבוֹת. Ib. III, 4 שלשה הדסים ושתי ע׳ in the Lulab there must be three myrtle boughs and two willow boughs; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲרָבָה 2 [confusion,] deserts. Sifré Deut. 20 אם כשהייתם בארץ ע׳ ושוחה וכ׳ you wanted no spies when you were in the land of deserts and pits, and now that you enter a good and open land …, you ask for spies? ↗ expanded

עֲרָבָה 3 = הַעֲרָבָה. Lev. R. s. 19, beg. some ed. ↗ expanded

עֲרֵבָה , v. עֲרֵיבָה ↗ expanded

עַרְבוּ ʿArbu. Gen. R. s. 33 (ref. to הערבים I Kings XVII, 6) עיר היא … ושמה ע׳ (ed. Wil. עַרְבִי) there is a town in the district of Bethshean whose (Chaldaic) name is ʿArbu (ʿArbi, so that ʿor’bim may refer to the inhabitants of that place, v. Ḥull. 5ᵃ). ↗ expanded

עִרְבּוּב (עִרְבֵּב) mixture, fusion; confusion. Sabb. 85ᵇ בא ע׳ וביטל וכ׳ the interlacing (of the plants overgrowing the ditch between them) undoes the ditch (as a separation); ib. אין ע׳ מבטל Ms. M. (ed. עירובו, corr. acc.); Gen. R. s. 4 לעִרְבּוּבוֹ, v. מַחֲלוֹקֶת; a. e.—Pl. עִרְבּוּבִים, עִי׳. Gen. R. s. 49 (ref. to Gen. XVIII, 25) עִירְבּוּבֵי שאילות יש כאן there is a fusion of questions in this sentence (an interchange of queries between Abraham and God); Yalk. ib. 83. ↗ expanded

עִרְבּוּב ² , mixture, motley crowd; confusion. Targ. Y. Ex. VIII, 17, sq. ע׳ חיות ברא (h. text עָרֹב).—Targ. Y. Deut. VII, 23; XXVIII, 20 (h. text מהומה).—Pl. עִרְבּוּבִין, עִי׳. Targ. Ps. LXXVIII, 45 עִרְבּוּבֵי חיות ברא, v. supra. Ib. CV, 31 (some ed. עירבויין, corr. acc.).—Targ. Y. Ex. XII, 20 (v. Pes. 43ᵃ).—Targ. Y. II ib. 38 (h. text ערב רב). Targ. Y. Lev. XIX, 19. ↗ expanded

עַרְבּוּבְיָא (preced.) mixture, confusion, tumult, motley crowd. Targ. Y. Deut. I, 22.—Sifré Deut. 20 (ref. to Deut. l. c.) בע׳ ילדים וכ׳ in a motley crowd, children pushing old men &c. Num. R. s. 12 (ref. to Ex. XXXV, 22) שהיו … ובאו אנשים ונשים בע׳ they pushed one another, and men and women came in a mixed crowd. Cant. R. to IV, 4 כל מלחמה … מלחמת עי׳ היא a battle in which more than sixty thousand are engaged is a tumultuous battle. Ḥull. 60ᵃ אם רצונו של הקב"ה בע׳ וכ׳ if the Lord wanted a motley growth, why did he say, ‘after its kind’ with regard to trees? Yalk. Esth. 1056 (ref. to נבוכה, Esth. III, 15) הפיל הקב"ה בכיה וע׳ וכ׳ the Lord cast weeping and confusion into Susan; a. e.—(Adv.) irregularly. Kil. V, 1 כרם שהוא נטוע ע׳ a vineyard which is planted irregularly. Lev. R. s. 36 (ref. to Ps. LXXX, 9) מה הגפן הזו אין נוטעין אותה ע׳ וכ׳ as vines are not planted at random, but in rows, so Israel &c. ↗ expanded

עִרְבּוּבִיתָא (preced.) entanglement, tangles and scabs formed through uncleanliness. Ned. 81ᵃ ע׳ דרישא מיתיא וכ׳ (Ar. חרפופיתא) tangles of the head cause blindness; ע׳ דמאני scabs arising from neglected clothes; ע׳ דגופא from neglect of the body. Ib. צערא דע׳ (Yalk. Num. 787 דחיפופיתא) the suffering caused by scabs &c.—Pl. עִרְבּוּבְיָתָא. Ib. הזהרו בע׳ be on your guard against the consequences of uncleanliness. ↗ expanded

ערבויין , v. עִרְבּוּבָא ↗ expanded

עֵרָבוֹן (עָרַב I) mingling, suit of followers. Ab. Zar. 39ᵃ מפני שעֵרְבוֹנָהּ עולה עמה (Rashi to 35ᵇ a. v. והחילק: שעירבונה) because its following goes with it (borrowed fr. Ex. XII, 38), i.e. because all the small fish resembling the ḥilleḳ are packed with it when offered for sale. ↗ expanded

עֵרָבוֹן ² pledge, earnest-money. B. Mets. 48ᵇ הנותן ע׳ … עֵרְבוֹנִי מחול לך והלה … אכפול לך עֵרְבוֹנְךָ if a man gives an earnest to his neighbor and says, if I retract, my earnest shall be forfeit to thee; and the neighbor says, if I retract, I shall double thy earnest to thee; Tosef. ib. I, 17, sq. Esth. R. to III, 10 מנהגו של עולם דרכו של לוקח ליתן ע׳ וכ׳ ordinarily it is the purchaser that gives an earnest to the seller, but here the seller (Ahasuerus) gives a pledge (his ring); Ruth R. to IV, 8. Pes. 118ᵇ (ref. to Jud. V, 21) אמר הקב"ה … צא והשלם ערבונך the Lord said to the brook Kishon, go and surrender thy pledge (Sisera’s men bathing in the brook). Ab. III, 16 הכל נתון בע׳ every thing is given against a pledge, i.e. life and possession are a loan for which you are pledged to the Lord; a. fr. going security.—Pl. עֵרְבוֹנוֹת. Yeb. 109ᵃ ויתרחק … ומן הע׳ (Rashi ערבון) and should keep aloof from cases of protest (v. מִיאוּן), from trusts, and from going security (Gen. R. s. 93, beg. מלעשות ערבות וכ׳). ↗ expanded

עַרְבוֹנָא Sabb. 105ᵇ ע׳ שקלי מיניה do they (in heaven) take a pledge of him (take his children in order that he may at some future time mourn over the death of worthies)?; M. Kat. 25ᵃ ↗ expanded

עֲרֵבוּת (preced. wds.) security, pledge. B. Bath. 174ᵃ כולן לשון ע׳ הן all these expressions mean only guaranty, opp. to קבלנות an unconditional agreement to pay a neighbor’s debt. Gen. R. s. 93, beg. מלעשות ע׳ בין אדם לחבירו from going security in transactions between a man and his neighbor (v. עֵרָבוֹן II); Yalk. ib. 150. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIX, 121 עשינו עֲרֵבוּתֵינוּ עשה וכ׳ we have done what we were pledged to do, do thou now thy duty. Ex. R. s. 27 הכנסת עצמך לע׳ זו ליעשות ראש (not זה) thou hast made thyself enter this pledge, that thou mayest become the head (victor in the contest). Ib. ומה היתה עֲרֵבוּתָן and what was their pledge? (Answ. ref. to Ex. XXIV, 7). Ib. ואם לאו תענשו בע׳ but if you will not guard the Law, you will be fined by that pledge (forfeit your children’s life). Tanḥ. Vayigg. 5; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲרָבוֹת 1 f. pl. (b. h., Ps. LXVIII, 5) a poetical name forʿĂraboth heaven, (in Talm.) ע׳ m. ʿÃraboth, name of the seventh heaven. Ḥag. 12ᵇ ע׳ שבו צדק וכ׳ ʿĂ. in which dwell Righteousness, Justice &c. [Ib. שוכן עליהם בע׳, omit בע׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 7).—Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 5. ↗ expanded

עֲרָבוֹת 2 ʿÃraboth (Steppes), in Babylonia. Naz. 43ᵇ פקתא דע׳ the valley of ʿĂ. (dangerous on account of robbers); Ber. 54ᵃ. Ib. כי מטא לע׳ when he came again to ʿA. ↗ expanded

עַרְבוּתָא f. = h. עֲרֵבוּת. Targ. Prov. XVII, 18 (Ms. עְרוּבְתָּא; h. text עֲרֻבָּה). ↗ expanded

עַרְבִי pr. n. pl., v. עַרְבוּ ↗ expanded

עֲרָבִי (b. h.) Arab; Arabian. Yeb. 71ᵃ לאיתויי ע׳ מהול to include a circumcised Arab (as forbidden to partake of the Passover meal); a. fr.—Pl. עַרְבִיִּים, עַרְבִיִּין. Ohol. XVIII, 10 אהלי הע׳ the tents of the (nomadic) Arabs. Kel. XXIV, 1, v. דִּיצָה; a. fr.—Fem. עֲרָבִית or עַרְבִית; pl. עַרְבִיּוֹת. Sabb. VI, 6 ע׳ יוצאות וכ׳ (Jewish) Arabian women may go out (on the Sabbath) veiled. ↗ expanded

עֲרָבי Targ. Is. XIII, 20 (ed. Lag. עַרְבַאי). Targ. I Chr. XXVII, 30 (h. text ישמעאלי).—B. Bath. 56ᵃ, v. next w.—Pl. עֲרָבָאֵי, עַרְבָ׳, עַרְבָאִין. Targ. Gen. XXXVII, 25. Targ. Jer. III, 2. Ib. XXV, 24 (h. text העֶרֶב); a. fr.—B. Bath. 168ᵇ הנהו ע׳ דאתו וכ׳ Arabs came to Pumb’ditha and seized land by force. ↗ expanded

עֲרַבְיָא Arabia. Y. Taan. IV, 69ᵇ top, v. מַטּוּל III. Y. Shebi. VI, beg. 36ᵇ (transl. הקיני, Gen. XV, 19) ע׳; Gen. R. s. 44, end עֲרַבְיָה (some ed.); B. Bath. 56ᵃ עַרְבָאָה (transl. of הקנזי). R. Hash. 26ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲרָבִית Arabian woman, v. עֲרָבִי h. ↗ expanded

עַרְבִית (עֶרֶב) evening time; (sub. תפלת) evening prayer. Ber. I, 1 (Y. a. Bab. ed. בעֲרָבִין). Ib. 9ᵇ גאולה של ע׳ the section on redemption in the evening prayer; תפלה של ע׳ the Prayer of Benedictions in the evening prayer; a. v. fr.—(Adv.) at evening. Sabb. 118ᵃ קערות שאכל בהן ע׳ dishes which have been used at the (Sabbath) evening meal; a. fr.—Pl. עַרְבִיּוֹת (v. עֶרֶב) the eves of Sabbaths, Holy Days &c. Erub. 41ᵃ משלימין בו ע׳ we fast the entire day preceding. ↗ expanded

עַרְבֵּל (Palel of ערב, v. עַרְבֵּב) to confound, disturb. Targ. Esth. I, 10.—Part. pass. מְעַרְבַּל, pl. מְעַרְבְּלִין. Targ. O. Ex. XIV, 3 (h. text נבכים). ↗ expanded

עַרְבְּלָא , v. אַרְבְּלָא ↗ expanded

עַרְבְּלָאִין (עַרְבֵּל) mixed multitude, rabble. Targ. Cant. I, 9; v. עֵירַבְרְבִין. ↗ expanded

עַרְבָנוּתָא = h. עֲרֵבוּת, security, guaranty. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXIX, 1. Targ. Y. I Ex. XXII, 24. ↗ expanded

עֲרַבְרְבִין , v. עֵירַבְרְבִין ↗ expanded

עֲרַבְתָּא = h. עֲרָבָה I, willow, esp. the willow branches carried in procession on the seventh day of Succoth (v. הוֹשַׁעְנָא); יומא דע׳, or ע׳ (sub. יום) the seventh day of Succoth. Succ. 34ᵃ, v. חִלְפְּתָא. Erub. 29ᵇ, v. סוּגְיָינָא.—Y. Succ. IV, beg. 54ᵇ דלא תעבדון … ולא ע׳ בשבתא that you do not appoint the blowing of the Shofar (the first day of Tishri) on a Sabbath, nor the day of the ʿĂrabta on a Sabbath. Ib. ולא תעבדין ע׳ omit the procession with the willow-branches. Ib. עֲרוּבְתָּא דיומא שביעיא, v. מַפְשׁוּטִיתָא; Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 43ᵈ top ערוב׳; Y. Shebi. I, 33ᵇ bot. ערב׳.—Pl. עַרְבָתָא. Sabb. 20ᵇ Ms. M. (ed. ארבתא), v. אֲרַבְתָּא. ↗ expanded

עָרַג onomatop.) to groan (of the deer), pant. Midr. Till. to Ps. XLII מה האילת … ועוֹרֶגֶת להקב"ה וכ׳ as the hind when travailing feels pain and cries to the Lord, and he answers her &c.; ib. כשם שהאילת עורגת וכ׳ (Yalk. ib. 741 צווחת). ↗ expanded

ערגיות , v. עֲרוּגָה ↗ expanded

עַרְגֵּל (Parel of עגל) to roll. Targ. Prov. XXVI, 27 מְעַרְגֵּל (ed. Lag. מְעַרְגֵּיל; h. text גלל). ↗ expanded

עָרַד (cmp. עָרַר) to stir up; to drive. Gen. R. s. 23, beg. (play on עירד, Gen. IV, 18) עוֹרְדָן אני העולם I shall drive them out of the world (by the flood); ib. s. 24, end; Yalk. ib. 38 טורדן (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עֲרָד , v. עָרוֹד ch.—[Targ. Y. Deut. XXII, 14; 17, v. עֲרַר II.] ↗ expanded

עַרְדָּא , pl. עַרְדֵּי mushroom, v. אַרְדָּא I. ↗ expanded

ערדבלין , corrupt. of אִדְרַבְלִין (v. אִדְרַבְלָא). Gen. R. s. 23; s. 50 Ar. s. v. הדרוליס. ↗ expanded

ערדילו , Y. Pes. X, end, 37ᵈ, read: עַרְדֵּי לי, or עַרְדִּילֵי, v. אַרְדָּא I ↗ expanded

עַרְדִּילִין (prob. from their shape and softness, v. אַרְדִּילָא) felt-soles with heels. Bets. 15ᵃ ערדי׳ Ms. M. (ed. ערדל׳; Ar. עדרילין; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). ↗ expanded

עַרְדִּיסְקָא , v. sub עַרְדַּסְק׳. ↗ expanded

עַרְדְּלִין , v. עַרְדִּילִין ↗ expanded

ערדסיא , v. next w. ↗ expanded

עַרְדַּסְקוֹס … pr. n. pl. ʿArdascus, Ardiscus (ʿArdiscis), prob. a Persian name for Damascus (v. אַרְדַּקְסַס, a. corr. acc.). B. Bath. 56ᵃ ערדיסקיס (Ar. ערדסיא; Ms. R. ערדסקס; Ms. H. ארסקס; Ms. O. אדרסקא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6), v. דַּרְמַסְקוֹס. Erub. 29ᵃ שבת ר"מ בערדסקיס Ms. M. (ed. בערדיסקא; ed. Sonc. בעדרסקוס, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) R. M. rested over the Sabbath in ʿA.; Tosef. ib. IX (VI), 4 בערדסקס (Var. בערדסקיס, בערדסקין); Y. ib. III, beg. 20ᶜ בארדקסם (read: ארדסקס).—[Erub. l. c. לטיבעין, missing in Tosef. a. Y. l. c.,—if correct, refers to a place near Ardascus, not to Tibʿin near Tiberias.]—Denom. עַרְדַּסְקָאוֹת f. pl. (v. דַּרְמַסְקִינָא) Damascene plums; ע׳ של ברזל plum-shaped, perforated iron balls. Bets. 22ᵇ מביאין ע׳ של ברזל וכ׳ (Ms. M. עַרְדַּסְקְיָאוֹת) they used to bring in iron balls and fill them with the smoke of spices … and stop their holes up; (Tosef. ib. II, 14 פרטסקאות (Var. ערדסק׳, ערדסק׳; Y. ib. II, 61ᶜ bot. פרדיסקיס, v. פַּרְדַּסְקִין).—[Tosef. Ter. III, 4 בעַרְדַּסְקוֹת ed. Zuck. concerning Damascene plums(?); Var. בערדסקיס, בערדסקו׳ in ʿArd.] ↗ expanded

עֻרְדְּעָן , v. עוּרְדְּעָן ↗ expanded

עָרָה , v. ערי ↗ expanded

עֵרוּב , v. עֵירוּב ↗ expanded

עָרוֹב various kinds of wild beasts. Ex. R. s. 11 (interch. with חיות מעורבבות); Tanḥ. Vaëra 14; a. e.—[LXX עָרֹב gadfly.]—V. עִרְבּוּב ch. ↗ expanded

עָרוֹבָא Targ. O. Ex. VIII, 17 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. עֲ׳); a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲרוּבָא , v. עֲרוּבְתָּא III ↗ expanded

עֵרוּבָא , v. עֵירוּבָא ↗ expanded

ערובות , Gen. R. s. 11, v. עֲרוּבְתָּא III ↗ expanded

ערובין , Yalk. Is. 314, read: עֲרוֹנִין, v. אֹרֶן ↗ expanded

עֲרוּבְתָּא 1 willow, willow-day, v. עֲרַבְתָּא. ↗ expanded

עֲרוּבְתָּא 2 pledge, v. עַרְבוּתָא. ↗ expanded

עֲרוּבְתָּא 3 (v. עֶרֶב) eve, ע׳ דשבתא, or ע׳ eve of the Sabbath, Friday. Pesik. R. s. 23 חדא ע׳ ואית דאמרי ערובא צומא וכ׳ (read עֲרוּבַת צומא or ע׳ דצומא) one Sabbath eve, and some say, it was the eve of the Great Fast (Day of Atonement), he went to market &c.; Gen. R. s. 11 עובדא הוי בערובת צומא וכ׳ (not בערובות). Y. Taan. II, 66ᵃ bot. ציים כל ערובת ריש שתא fasted on the eve of every New Year; כל ע׳ שובא every Friday. Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᶜ bot בערוב׳ צומא רבא, v. supra. Ruth R. to I, 17 (sect. 3) ערובת פיסחא the eve of Passover; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עָרוּג = אָרוּג web. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. V, 13 ed. Zuck. (interch. with אָרוּג). ↗ expanded

עֲרוּגָה incision, groove. Ḥull. 50ᵃ מע׳ לע׳ between one groove (of a lobe of the lungs) and another.—Esp. (cmp. עוּגְיְתָא) garden bed. Kil. III, 1, sq. Sabb. IX, 2. Ib. 85ᵃ ע׳ בחורבה שנינו the Mishnah speaks of a garden bed in a fallow field (isolated bed); a. fr.—Pl. עֲרוּגוֹת. Ib.ᵇ ערוגה בין הע׳ שנינו the Mishnah speaks of a bed among other beds. Tosef. Kil. II, 5 ע׳ קטנות (some ed. ערוגיות, ערגיות, corr. acc., or עוּגְיוֹת); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עָרוֹד 1 ʿArod. Sifré Deut. 41 בית ע׳, v. אֲרִים. ↗ expanded

עָרוֹד 2 wild ass. Kil. VIII, 6 ע׳ מין חיה the ʿarod belongs to the class of beasts of chase (v. חַיָּה I). R. Hash. 3ᵃ (play on ערד, Num. XXI, 1) שדומה לע׳ במדבר for he (Sihon) was like a wild ass in the desert; a. e.—Pl. עֲרוֹדוֹת. Y. Shek. VIII, beg. 51ᵃ ע׳ היו נוחרין (לאריות) וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l., p. 67ᵃ, note 70) in the royal arena in Jerusalem they stabbed wild asses (for the lions), and the pilgrims waded in blood; Men. 103ᵇ עֲרוֹדִיאוֹת (Mb. M. עדראות; Ms. C. ערדאות; Tosef. Eduy. III, 2 עֲרָרוֹת, v. עֵדֶר). a species of lizard. Ḥull. 127ᵃ; Ber. 33ᵃ, v. חֲבַרְבָּר. ↗ expanded

עָרוֹד , wild ass. Targ. Y. Gen. XVI, 12. Targ. Hos. VIII, 9; a. e.—Pl. עֲרוֹדַיָּא, עֲרָדִין, עְרוֹדֵי. Targ. Ps. CIV, 11.—Ab. Zar. 16ᵇ טחני ריחיים בע׳ they employed wild asses to turn the millstones.—Fem. עָרוֹדָא. Targ. Jer. II, 24 (ed. Lag. עֲרָדָא). ↗ expanded

עֶרְוָה nakedness, shame; unchastity, lewdness, obscenity. Cant. R. to I, 2 מה מים מכסים עֶרְוָתוֹ … עֶרְוָתָן as water covers the nakedness of the sea, … so (study of) the Law covers up the nakedness (atones for the sins) of Israel. Ber. 24ᵇ לבו רואה את הע׳ his heart sees the nakedness, i.e. there is no garment (girdle &c.) separating the upper part of the body from the lower. Ib. 24ᵃ משום ע׳, v. עֲגָבָה. Ib. קול באשה ע׳ hearing a woman’s voice is indecency (you must not read the Sh’mʿa while a woman is singing within your heaving); שער באשה ע׳ the sight of woman’s hair is an impropriety (with regard to reading the Sh’mʿa). Gitt. IX, 10 לא יגרש … דבר ע׳ a man must not divorce his wife, unless he have found in her something improper (v. Deut. XXIV, 1). Ib. 90ᵃ (interpret. ערות דבר, Deut. l. c.) אם נאמר ערות … הייתי אומר משום ע׳ תצא משום דבר לא תצא if the text had ʿervath (meaning ʿervah) without dabar, I might have thought, for scandalous conduct she is to be dismissed, for ‘something’ (any other cause) she must not be dismissed. Ib. לא מצא בה לא ע׳ ולא דבר if he found in her neither indecency nor any other fault. Ib. 64ᵃ a. fr. אין דבר שבע׳ פחות משנים any act in which purity of sexual life is concerned (marriage, divorce &c.) requires no less than two witnesses. Ab. III, 13 שחוק … מרגילין (את האדם) לע׳ merriment and light-mindedness make man familiar with licentiousness; a. v. fr.—Esp. incest, trnsf. ʿervah, a woman forbidden to a man (and vice versa) on account of consanguinity. Yeb. 3ᵇ מה אחות אשה מיוחדת שהיא ע׳ … אף כל שהיא ע׳ וכ׳ as the sister of a man’s (living) wife who is singled out (Lev. XVIII, 18) as an ʿervah, with the punishment of extinction in case of wilfulness, and of a sin-offering in case of mistake, may not be taken in a levirate marriage, so no woman that is a forbidden relation … may be taken &c. Ib. 13ᵃ צרות ע׳ the rivals of a woman forbidden on account of consanguinity; a. v. fr.—Pl. עֲרָיוֹת (fr. עֶרְיָה). Keth. 13ᵇ, v. אֶפִּיטְרוֹפּוֹס.—גילוי ע׳, v. גִּילּוּי. Yeb. I, 2 היתה בתו או אחת מכל הע׳ האלו וכ׳ if a man’s daughter or any other of those (above mentioned) relations was married to his brother. Ib. 3ᵇ כל הע׳ האמורות בתורה all forbidden relations named in the Torah. Ib. I, 3 שש ע׳ חמורות מאלו six relations more rigorously forbidden than these. Meg. IV, 9, v. כָּנָה; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֵרוּי , v. עֵירוּי ↗ expanded

עֲרוֹךְ , pl. עֲרוּכִין, v. עֲרִיךְ. ↗ expanded

עֲרוּכָה (עָרַךְ) prepared; trnsf. (by ref. to Is. XXX, 33) hell. Ex. R. s. 50, end אני מציל אתכם מן הע׳ ואערוך וכ׳ I will save you from hell, and prepare for you a table &c. ↗ expanded

עָרוּם [rubbed, bright, cmp. Lat. tritus,] prudent, deliberate, wise; (in an evil sense) subtle, cunning. Ber. 17ᵃ לעולם יהא אדם ע׳ ביראה man should always be deliberate in the fear of the Lord (consider in what manner he can best serve the Lord). Sot. III, 4 רשע ע׳ a wicked man that is subtle, expl. ib. 21ᵇ זה המטעים וכ׳, v. טָעַם; Tanḥ. Mishp. 6. Sot. l. c. במי שמשים עצמו ע׳ Var. in Rashi, v. next w.; a. fr.—Pesik. Shimʿu, p. 118ᵇ, sq. (in Chald. dict.) לית עיסקא דע׳ מהלך עם שטיא the sane has no business to walk with the fool; (Yalk. Jer. 265 דעָרִים).—Pl. עֲרוּמִים, עֲרוּמִין. Ḥull. 5ᵇ (ref. to Ps. XXXVI, 7) אלו בני אדם שהן ע׳ בדעת וכ׳ that means those men who are clever in knowledge and yet conduct themselves humbly like a domestic animal; a. e. ↗ expanded

עָרוֹם v. preced.; cmp. עָרָה) stripped, naked, bare. Dem. I, 4 מפרישין אותו ע׳ ובין וכ׳ Y. ed. a. Ms. M. (ed. בין, incorr.) you may separate the priest’s gift there from without being dressed (because it requires no benediction), and at twilight (on the eve of the Sabbath); Sabb. 23ᵃ. Ib. 14ᵃ האוחז ס"ת ע׳ נקבר ע׳ he who handles a naked scroll of the Law (touches it directly with his bare hand), will he buried naked, expl. ע׳ בלא אותה מצוה bare of the merit of that act (of studying or of rolling and dressing it). Tosef. Keth. VI, 7 פסק … שיעמד ע׳ וילבישנה (not וילבשנו) if he agreed with his son-in-law that he will go naked (deprive himself, if necessary) and dress her, אין אומ׳ יעמד ע׳ וילבישנה וכ׳ (not וילבישנו) we do not say, let him become destitute, and he must dress her (make the outfit for her), but he (her father) must cover her as is proper for her; Y. ib. VI, 30ᵈ. Sot. 21ᵇ (play on ערמה, Prov. VIII, 12) אין … אלא במי שמעמיד עצמו ע׳ עליהן the words of the Law remain only with him who makes himself destitute for their sake (who sacrifices comforts for them); (Var. quot. in Rashi: שמשים עצמו עָרוּם עליה who makes himself cunning about it, i.e. goes to work deliberately, studies systematically); a. fr.—Pl. עֲרוּמִּים, עֲרוּמִּין. Snh. 90ᵇ כשהן עומדין עומדין ע׳ וכ׳ when they (the dead) rise, will they rise naked or dressed? Yeb. 63ᵇ אנשי … שמהלכין ע׳ בשוק those of Barbaria … who walk naked in the street; Sifré Deut. 320; a. fr.—Fem. עֲרוּמָּה. Keth. 111ᵇ; Snh. l. c. ומה חיטה שנקברה ע׳ וכ׳ if the wheat-grain, which is buried naked, comes forth wrapped in many dresses, how much more will the righteous dead rise &c. Ib. VI, 3 אין האשה נסקלת ע׳ a woman convict must not be stoned (executed) undressed. Meg. 12ᵇ ובלבד שתהא ע׳ provided she (Vashti) will appear undressed. Snh. 75ᵃ ימות ולא תעמוד לפניו ע׳ let him (the love-sick man) die, but she must not stand undressed before him. Keth. VI, 5 פסק להכניסה ע׳ if the father made an agreement that he (the bridegroom) will take her to his house without the customary outfit; a. fr.—Pl. עֲרוּמּוֹת. Meg. l. c. מפשיטתן ע׳ (not מפשיטן) she forced them to appear undressed; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲרוּמָאֵי , v. עָרִים ↗ expanded

עֲרוּמָּה , v. עָרוֹם ↗ expanded

עֲרוּמְתָּא , v. עָרִים ↗ expanded

עֲרוֹנִים , v. אֹרֶן ↗ expanded

עֵרוּעַ , v. sub עֵיר׳. ↗ expanded

עָרוֹקָא , (עֲרַק) runaway, fugitive.—Pl. עֲרוֹקָאֵי. Ḥull. 46ᵃ.—V. עֲרִיק. ↗ expanded

עֵרוּר , v. עֵירוּר ↗ expanded

עֲרוּרֵי (עֲרַר) protests, claims. Gitt. 86ᵃ (in a formula of sale of a slave) מן ע׳ מלכא וכ׳ Rashi (Tosaf. עֲלוּלֵי; ed. מן עלולי ומן ע׳) against any claims of king or queen (government), v. חֲרוּרֵי. ↗ expanded

עַרְטוּל־ , v. next wds. ↗ expanded

עַרְטִיל (עַרְטֵל) stripped, naked, poorly dressed. Targ. Gen. III, 10 (Y. ed. Vien. עַרְטוּ׳, not לָאֵי …); 11. Targ. Job I, 21; a. fr.—B. Mets. 46ᵃ, v. כְּפַל. Sot. 8ᵇ (prov.) שליח ע׳ וסיים מסאני stripped to nakedness, but shoes he has on (there is more disgrace in a disharmonious toilet than in a uniformly poor one); Keth. 65ᵇ top (ref. to the disproportion between the obligatory outfit of garments and that of shoes, ib. V, 8) האי תנא שליח ע׳ וכ׳ would that teacher have applied to her the proverb, stripped to nakedness &c.? Y. ib. VI, 30ᵈ אורחא … הני לי מיקום ערטיליי וכ׳ it is usual for a man to say (to his father-in-law), I will rather go naked (deprive myself &c., v. עָרוֹם), if only my wife be covered (but by saying this he does not mean to release him from the obligation of giving his daughter an appropriate outfit). Koh. R. to V, 12, v. כָּפִין; a. fr.—Pl. עַרְטִילָּאִין, עַרְטִילָּאֵי, עַרְטִלּ׳. Targ. Job XXII, 6. Ib. XXIV, 7 לָאֵי … Ms. (ed. לַּי … לַּיי …, adv.). Ib. 10 לאי … ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. לַי …); a. fr.—Fem. עַרְטִילָּא, עַרְטִילְתָּא, עַרְטוּ׳. Targ. Esth. I, 11.—Y. Peah VIII, 21ᵇ top (ref. to Ruth III, 3) ערטילא הוות was she (Ruth) undressed?—Pl. עַרְטִילָּאָן. Targ. Esth. l. c.—Trnsf. (cmp. γυμνήτης) light-armed.—Pl. עַרְטִילֵּי. Targ. II Esth. VIII, 10 ע׳ בני רמכיא (Targ. I Esth. ib. ערטולייני רטכין, corr. acc.; h. text האחשתרנים). ↗ expanded

עַרְטִילָּיוּתָא (preced.) nakedness. Targ. Deut. XXVIII, 48 (O. ed. Amst. עַרְטִילָתָא, ed. Vien. לְיָתָא …, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עִרְטֵל (Parel of עטל; cmp. Arab. ʿaṭal, a. עֲטַר II) to strip, denude. Gen. R. s. 6 מְעַרְטְלוֹ, v. נַרְתֵּק; Koh. R. to I, 5, v. השתק. Hithpa. הִתְערְטֵל, Nithpa. נִתְעַרְטֵל to be stripped; to denude one’s self. Gen. R. s. 19 (ref. to עירמם, Gen. III, 7) אפי׳ מצוה … נִתְעַרְטְלוּ הימנה they had stripped themselves even of the merit of obeying the only command given them. [Yalk. Job 913 והיו רגליו מִתְעַרְטְלוֹת his feet were stripped of their skin (by scalding), v., however, עִרְכֵּל.] ↗ expanded

עַרְטֵל Targ. I Chr. X, 8 (h. text פשט). Ithpa. אִתְעַרְטֵיל to be stripped; to uncover one’s self. Targ. Y. Gen. III, 7. Targ. Y. Ex. VII, 9 כד איתע׳ when it (the serpent) was stripped (of its limbs, v. Targ. Y. Gen. III, 14, Gen. R. s. 20). Targ. Hab. II, 16 (h. text הערל).—[Yalk. Sam. 162 (ref. to II Sam. XXII, 37) לא ירחבון ולא ידחפון ולא יִתְעַרְטְלוּן they (my joints) did not widen (become loose), did not slip, nor did they become sore; Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 37 ולא יתערפלון nor did they swell (?); perh. to be read: יתערסלון, v. עִרְסֵל.] ↗ expanded

עַרְטִלּ־ , v. עַרְטִיל ↗ expanded

ערי to uncover. Gen. R. s. 83, end שהוא עתיד לַעֲרוֹת וכ׳ ‘Rashi’ he will uncover treasures &c., v. עָרַם I.—Denom. עֶרְוָה, עֶרְיָה. ↗ expanded

ערי ² to stir up. Hif. הֶעֱרָה to stimulate, esp. to excite the sexual organ by contact (as the first stage of sexual connection), v. הַעֲרָאָה. Ker. II, 4 כל העריות עשה בהן את המַעֲרֶה כגומר in all illicit connections the text makes him who passes through the first stage as punishable as him that finishes. Y. Keth. III, 27ᵈ הֶעֱרוּ בה עשרה וכ׳ if ten persons came in carnal contact with her, and one of them consummated. Sot. 42ᵇ (play on מעׄרׄות, I Sam. XVII, 23) שהכל העׄרׄו באמו all the world had taken liberties with his mother; a. fr. to intermix. Y. Yoma V, 42ᵈ top (צריך) זקוק להַעְרוֹת he must mix (the blood of the bull with that of the goat), v. Pi Hof. הוּעֲרָה to be interwoven, entangled, caught. Y. Peah I, 16ᵃ bot. בסירה הוּעֲרַת it (the skirt) was caught &c., v. עָדָה I; ib. הוּעֲרוּ; Y. Sot. I, 17ᵇ (also הָעֳרַת). Pi. עֵירָה to intermix (of liquids), pour; to interweave, intertwine. Yoma V, 4 עי׳ דם הפר לתוך וכ׳ he poured the blood of the bullock to that of the goat, and put the full bowl in the empty one; expl. ib. 58ᵃ עי׳ מזרק מלא וכ׳ he poured the contents of the filled bowl into the empty bowl … in order to mix them thoroughly. Y. ib. V, 42ᵈ top (interch. with בָּלַל a. עָרַב). Y. Maasr. I, end, 49ᵇ לעָרוֹת וכ׳ to pour into &c. (interch. with להַעֲרוֹת, Hif.); Y. Sabb. III, 6ᵇ. Nidd. X, 6 היתה מְעָרָה מים לפסח was permitted to pour water from vessel to vessel for Passover purposes (to wash the Passover meat without touching the water). Ab. Zar. V, 7 המְעָרֶה מכלי אל כלי if a Jew pours wine from one vessel into another (held by a gentile), את שעי׳ ממנו מותר the wine remaining in the vessel from which he poured is permitted; a. fr.—Sifra K’dosh., Par. 2, ch. V עי׳ כל הפרשה כולה לכי וכ׳ the writer intended to join the whole paragraph (concerning emancipation) to ‘for she has not been set free’ (Lev. XIX, 20), to intimate that emancipation is consummated by a document only; (Gitt. 39ᵇ אוֹרְעָה וכ׳ (fr. אָרַע I) the whole paragraph has been joined &c. B. Bath. 113ᵇ אורעה … להיות דין, v. אָרַע II, a. corr. acc.) Y. Kidd. I, 58ᵈ bot. (ref. to Deut. XXV, 5) ת"ל ויבמה עי׳ הפרשה כולה לייבום וכ׳ the text says, v’yibb’mah (‘and thus he shall be her levir’); the whole paragraph is connected with yibbum (the word ויבמה), intimating that marital connection only consummates the levirate marriage; Y. Yeb. II, beg. 3ᶜ עודה (Rabad to Sifra l. c. quotes עורה, corr. acc.). Y. Snh. VII, 24ᵈ עֵרָה את כל וכ׳ the whole paragraph depends on the word mother.—Part. pass. מְעוּרֶה; f. מְעוּרָה; pl. מְעוּרִים, מְעוּרִין; מְעוּרוֹת intertwined, interwoven; mixed up. T’bul Yom III, 1 אוכל שנפרס ומע׳ מקצת if an eatable part of a fruit is broken off but partly hangs on (is not entirely severed). Ukts. III, 8 יחור של … ומע׳ בקליפה a shoot of a fig tree which is torn off but is still attached to the tree by the rind; Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. I, 13. Yoma 54ᵃ הכרובים שהיו מע׳ זה בזה the cherubs (in the Temple) whose bodies were intertwisted with one another. Ib. sq. (expl. כמער איש וליות, I Kings VII, 36) כאיש המע׳ בלויה שלו like a man embracing his companion (wife). Ḥull. 127ᵇ ומע׳ בחוט השערה attached by a hair’s breadth. Bets. 7ᵃ; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְעָרֶה, Nithpa. נִתְעָרֶה to be intertwined, come into intimate contact. Ruth R. to I, 14 (ref. to מערית, v. supra) ממאה … שנִתְעָרוּ בה וכ׳ on one hundred … that were in contact with her the whole night (interch. with נתערבו). ↗ expanded

עֲרֵי Af. אַעֲרֵי to pour out. Targ. Koh. XI, 3. Ithpe. אִתְעֲרֵי to be intertwined, attach one’s self. Pesik. Shek., p. 11ᵃ והיא מִתְעַרְיָא (Ms. O. מתעדיא) and it sticks (catches thee), v. סִירְתָּא. Y. Dem. I, 22ᵃ אִתְעַרְיַית, v. סִכְּתָא. ↗ expanded

עַרְיָא , v. ער ↗ expanded

עֶרְיָא = h. עֶרְוָה, v. עִירִיתָא ↗ expanded

עֲרֵיב , v. עֲרַב ↗ expanded

עָרִיב = h. עָרֵב II, sweet, pleasing. Targ. Prov. XX, 17 (ed. Wil. עֲ׳). Targ. Cant. II, 14 (ed. Vien. עָרֵב). (part. pass. of עֲרַב I) mixed.—Pl. עֲרִיבֵי. Erub. 86ᵃ ↗ expanded

עֲרֵיב־ , v. עָרֵב ↗ expanded

עֲרֵיבָה (עָרַב I; cmp. אַרְבָּא) [joined or plaited,] trough, tub, kneading trough. Pes. III, 2, v. סֶדֶק. Kel. XV, 1 עֲרֵיבַת העבדנין the tanners’ trough; ע׳ בעה"ב the domestic trough (for kneading). Ib. XX, 2 עריבת פיסונות the trough for mixing mortar. Yad. IV, 1 עריבת הרגלים the tub for foot-baths; a. fr. boat, skiff. Y. Sabb. IV, end, 7ᵃ עריבת הירדן, v. יַרְדֵּן; Koh. R. to I, 15. Ab. Zar. 40ᵃ ע׳ מליאה חביות a boat-load of vessels (containing fish-brine). Erub. 88ᵇ; Tosef. ib. IX (VI), 18; a. e.—Pl. עֲרֵיבוֹת, עֲרֵב׳. Kel. XXIV, 3. Ib. IV, 1; a. e. ↗ expanded

עריבתא , Yalk. Kings 247 הוה ע׳ ישעיה, read with Y. Snh. X, 28ᶜ הוה פרי חורי ישעיה. ↗ expanded

עֶרְיָה v. עֶרְוָה) genitals. Bekh. VI, 5 ע׳ של נקבה the genitals of a female animal.—Pl. עֲרָיוֹת, v. עֶרְוָה. ↗ expanded

עַרַיי , v. עַרְאַי ↗ expanded

עִרְיָיא , v. עֶרְיָא ↗ expanded

עֲרָיָיה = הַעֲרָיָיה. Y. Keth. I, 25ᵇ bot. Y. Snh. VII, 24ᶜ (interch. with הערייה). ↗ expanded

עֵרָיִין (עָרָה II) [stirrers,] iron-tipped ploughshare. Kel. XXI, 2; [Maim. ed. Dehr. = Arab. ʿalâḳath lorum, goad?]. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. IV, 6 עֲרָעִין (R. S. to Kel. l. c. ערערין). ↗ expanded

עֲרִיךְ (עֲרַךְ) thin sacrificial cake(h. . Targ. Y. Ex. XXIX, 23 (ed. Vien. עָ׳). Targ. Y. Num. VI, 19 (ed. Vien. עָרוּךְ); a. e.—Pl. עֲרִיכִין, עֲרוּכִין. Targ. Y. Lev. VII, 12. Targ. Y. II ib. II, 4. Targ. Y. Ex. XXIX, 2 עירובין (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עֲרִיכָה (f. (עָרַךְ) arranging, ranging; rolling (bread); use of the stem ערך. Y. Yoma II, end, 40ᵃ נאמר כאן ע׳ וכ׳ the verb ʿarakh is used here (Lev. I, 7) &c. Y. Snh. X, 29ᵃ top עֲרִיכָתוֹ the forming of the show-bread. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵇ bot. על לישתה ועל עֲרִיכָתָהּ וכ׳ for kneading it, for forming it and for baking it; a. fr.—Tanḥ. Bḥuck. 6 עֲרִיכַת גיהנם (prob. to be read: עֲרוּכַת, v. עֲרוּכָה) the pile of the fire of Gehenna (ref. to ערוך, Is. XXX, 33).—Yalk. Ps. 662 פת עריכה, v. עָרַךְ. ↗ expanded

עֲרִיכוּת (preced.) arrangement; ע׳ שפתים (cmp. סֵדָר) arrangement (of the words) of the lips, prayer. Gen. R. s. 49 (ref. to Job XLI, 4 חין ערכו) חן ניתן בע׳ שפתיו וכ׳ (not שפתים) grace was granted for the prayer of his (Abraham’s) lips, when he prayed for mercy &c.; Yalk. ib. 83. ↗ expanded

עֲרֵיל־ , v. sub ערל׳. ↗ expanded

עֲרֵים , v. עֲרַם ↗ expanded

עָרִים = h. עָרוּם. Targ. O. Gen. III, 1 (some ed. עֲ׳; ed. Vien. חכים). Targ. Prov. XII, 23. Ib. XIV, 15 (ed. Lag. ערומתא, corr. acc.); a. fr.—Yalk. Jer. 265, v. עָרוּם.—Pl. עֲרִימָאֵי. Targ. Prov. XIV, 18 (some ed. ערומאי). ↗ expanded

עֲרֵימָה pile, heap, stack. Maasr. I, 5, sq. משיעמיד ע׳ (are subject to tithes) from the time he piles up the fruit. Tosef. Ter. III, 17 תורמין מן הע׳ על הכרי לא מן הכרי על הע׳ (ed. Zuck. מן המוץ) you may separate T’rumah from a stack for the pile (of threshed grain), but not from a pile for the stack. Ib. IV, 16 ע׳ מורחת a finished pile. Ex. R. s. 31 כשם שה׳ הזאת עומדת … כך עשה הק"בה את העולם ע׳ וכ׳ as the stack stands ready, and the priest goes in and takes T’rumah of it, so the Lord has made the world a stack and taken Israel as his T’rumah (with ref. to Jer. II, 3); a. fr.—Pl. עֲרֵימוֹת, עֲרֵמוֹת. Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 6 (expl. נערמו, Ex. XV, 8) עשאן כמין ע׳ he made the waves stand like stacks; Yalk. Ex. 248. Ter. II, 1; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲרִימוּתָא = h. עָרְמָה, experience, wisdom; subtlety. Targ. Prov. I, 4; a. e.—V. עַרְמוּתָא. ↗ expanded

עֲרֵימְתָּא = h. עֲרֵימָה. Targ. Ruth III, 7. Targ. Hag. II, 16.—Pl. עֲרֵימָתָא, constr. עֲרֵימַת. Targ. Jer. L, 26 (some ed. עֲרֵימַת). ↗ expanded

עָרִיס 1 (עָרַס) arbor, espalier (of grape vines). Kil. VI, 1 איזהו ע׳ הנוטע וכ׳ what is an ʿaris (in a legal sense)? A row of (at least) five vines along a fence. Ib. 2 ע׳ היוצא מן המדרגה an espalier that hangs over an embankment. Ib. 6 (expl. פסקי ע׳) ע׳ שחרב וכ׳ an espalier which was destroyed in the middle, while five vines remained on each side; Tosef. ib. IV, 8 חריס ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. חריץ; corr. acc.); Y. ib. VI, end, 30ᶜ (also עֶרֶס). Kil. VI, 8 הקנים היוצאים מן הע׳ poles which stand out from an espalier; a. fr.—Pl. עֲרִיסִין. Tosef. Peah III, 16. ↗ expanded

עָרִיס ch., v. עֶרֶס ch. ↗ expanded

עָרִיס 2 = אָרִיס II, tenant. B. Bath. 46ᵇ, sq. Ms. M. (ed. א׳).—Pl. עֲרִיסִים, עֲרִיסִין. Ib. Ms. M. (ed. א׳). Sifré Deut. 312 (ed. Fr. א׳). ↗ expanded

עֲרִיסָא , v. next w. ↗ expanded

עֲרִיסָה (עָרַס) (b. h.; kneading-trough, dough of one trough, batch. Men. 67ᵃ עֲרִיסַת גוי; ע׳ הקדש Ms. M. (ed. עִיסַת).—Pl. עֲרִיסוֹת. Ḥull. 135ᵇ (ref. to Num. XV, 20) כדי עֲרִיסוֹתֵיכֶם of the size of your batches (in the desert); Men. l. c. Ms. M. (ed. עִיסוֹת׳; Erub. 83ᵇ עיס׳). (cmp. עֶרֶס) cradle. Kel. XVI, 1 המטה והע׳ a couch or a cradle; Y. Ber. III, 5ᵈ bot. המיטה הערסה (corr. acc.). Kel. XXVI, 5 עור הע׳; Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. IV, 8 ועור האריסה ed. Zuck. (omitted in oth. ed.), v. עוֹר. Ib. VII, 12 עֲרִיסָא של זכוכית ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. עריסה) a glass cradle(?). Nidd. IV, 1 מעֲרִיסָתָן from their cradle (earliest childhood). Gen. R. s. 53, v. נִדְנֵד. Y. Macc. II, beg. 31ᶜ ישב לו ע"ג ע׳ ביום ודרך התינוק ע"ג ע׳ ביום וכ׳ if he sat down on a cradle in day time (and caused a child’s death): where it is customary to place a child in the cradle in day time, he does not go into exile (to the city of refuge, because his act is one of criminal neglect); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲרִיסוּת = אֲרִיסוּת. Tosef. Ḥall. II, 5 פוטר את ע׳ בסוריא ed. (ed. Zuck. האריסין, Var. עריסיו, read העריסין) declared tenancy (tenants) in Syria exempt from priestly gifts.—Pl. עֲרִיסִיּוֹת. Tosef. Ab. Zar. II, 8 עיריס׳ ed. Zuck. (corr. acc.; Var. אריס׳). ↗ expanded

עֲרִיפָה (עָרַף) breaking the neck (of the heifer, Deut. XXI, 4), use of the stem ערף. Meg. II, 5 לעֲרִיפַת העגלה for the ceremony of &c. Y. Sot. IX, 23ᶜ בע׳ as regards the ceremony of &c. Ib.ᵈ bot. מקום עֲרִיפָתָהּ וכ׳ the place where a heifer has been killed; a. fr.—Sifré Deut. 306 (ref. to יערף, Deut. XXXII, 2) אין ע׳ אלא הריגה the verb ʿaraf means to kill; Yalk. ib. 942. ↗ expanded

עָרִיץ עָרַץ to frighten) powerful, violent man.—Pl. עָרִיצִים. Y. Ber. IV, 8ᵃ, v. רָמַס. Y. Meg. IV, 74ᵈ bot. הגואלך והמושיעך מכף עָרִיצַיִךְ who redeems thee and saves thee from the hand of thy oppressors; Treat. Sof’rim XIV, 5. ↗ expanded

עֲרִיק (עֲרַק) fugitive, hunted. Targ. Is. X, 18 (h. text נֹסֵס). ↗ expanded

עֲרִירִי [stripped,] lonely, childless. Gen. R. s. 44. Yeb. 55ᵃ (ref. to Lev. XX, 20 a. 21) יש לו בנים קובדן … הולך ע׳ if he had children (at the time he committed the sin), he will bury them; if he had none, he will remain childless. Y. Snh. VII, 24ᶜ לצורך יצאת לידון בע׳ it is specified (in Lev. XX, 20) for a purpose, namely for the punishment of ʿăriri (death without leaving issue).—Pl. עֲרִירִים. Ib. כל אתר דתימר ע׳ יהיו … ע׳ ימותו וכ׳ wherever the text says, ‘they shall be lonely’, it means, they shall be without children, where it says, ‘they shall die lonely’, it means they shall bury their children (v. supra); a. e.—[ערירין, Y. Keth. VI, 30ᵈ אשכחינון ע׳, v. עֲרַר I.] ↗ expanded

עָרַךְ (b. h.) [to connect, join,] (b. h.) to range, arrange, place in order. Y. Yoma II, end, 40ᵃ (ref. to Lev. I, 8, a. 12) כהן אחד עוֹרֵךְ וכ׳ one priest places two limbs on the altar &c.; Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., Par. 4, ch. VI. Gen. R. s. 78 יש בי כח לעֲרוֹךְ תפלה (Yalk. ib. 133 לסדר) I have strength to offer prayer; יש בי כח לערוך מלחמה I have strength to give battle. Yalk. l. c. וע׳ מלחמה כנגדו gave him battle. Tanḥ. B’ḥuck. 6 ואֶעֱרוֹךְ לפניכם שלחן I will set a table before you (in the hereafter), v. infra. Ned. 20ᵇ עָרַכְתִּי לו שלחן והפכו I prepared a table for him, but he upset it (euphem. for unnatural gratification); a. e. [In Talm. mostly סדר.]—עוֹרְכֵי הדיינין (= עורכי דין לפני הדיינין) those who arrange arguments before the judges, pleaders, advocates, who advise their clients what to say or not to say before court. Ab. I, 8 אל תעש עצמך כע׳ הד׳ do not make thyself to be like legal advisers, i.e. be careful as judge not to suggest an advice to one of the litigants; Y. B. Bath. IX, 17ᵃ top כעֹרְכֵי; Y. Keth. IV, 29ᵃ bot. אל תעש עצמך כע׳ הד׳ שלא לגלות וכ׳ do not make thyself to be like &c., that is, you must not reveal to an individual his case (how to argue). Bab. Keth. 52ᵇ; 86ᵃ עשינו עצמינו כע׳ ד׳ we have made ourselves to be like &c. (I ought not to have suggested an advice).—Part. pass. עָרוּךְ; f. עְרוּכָה &c. Sabb. 119ᵇ וכשבא לביתו ומצא נר דלוק ושלחן ע׳ וכ׳ when he comes home and finds the lamp lighted, the table set and the couch spread, the good angel says &c.; a. e.—2) (cmp. Syr. ערך, P. Sm. 2990) to work dough (contrad. to לוּשׁ); to roll, shape &c. Pes. III, 4 אחת לשה ואחת עוֹרֶכֶת וכ׳ one woman kneads, another works and shapes the dough, and a third one bakes. Ab. Zar. IV, 9 לא לשין ולא עוֹרְכִין עמו you must not knead nor work and shape dough with him. Neg. II, 4 כעוֹרֶכֶת in the position of a woman working dough; a. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Erub. 54ᵃ (ref. to ערוכה וכ׳, II Sam. XXIII, 5) אם ע׳ … משתמרת וכ׳ if the Law is worked into thy two hundred and forty-eight limbs, it will be preserved &c. Midr. Till. to Ps. XIV [read:] פת לושה ופת ע׳ kneaded (common) bread and well-worked bread; Yalk. ib. 662 עריכה (corr. acc.). Hif. הֶעֱרִיךְ [to place side by side; cmp. נָקַשׁ Hif.] to compare; to value; esp. (v. Lev. XXVII, 2-13) to dedicate the value of a person or of an animal unfit for the altar. Arakh. I, 1 הכל מַעֲרִיכִין ונֶעֱרָכִין all persons are fit to dedicate or to be the subjects of dedication. Ib. נֶעֱרָךְ אבל לא מַעֲרִיךְ may be the subject of dedication, but cannot dedicate (his vow is invalid). Ib. VI, 5 המעריך את עצמו he who dedicates his own value. Tanḥ. l. c. [read:] אתם מעריכין לפני את נפשותיכם … מעריכת גיהנם you value before me your lives, and I shall save you from the range of Gehenna (v. עֲרִיכָה), and set &c. (v. supra); a. fr. Nif. נֶעֱרַךְ to be the subject of valuation, to be valued. Arakh. I, 1, a. fr., v. supra. Ib. II, 1 אין נערכין Var., v. עֵרֶךְ. ↗ expanded

עֲרַךְ , to work, knead. Targ. Is. XLI, 25 דעָרֵיךְ (h. text ירמס).—Men. 56ᵃ דע׳ הוא ואפה הוא when he himself kneaded and baked; דעריך חבריה וכ׳ when his neighbor kneaded and gave it to him, and he baked. Y. Shebu. VI, 37ᵃ bot. אזלת מֵיעֲרוֹךְ גבי חבירתה she went to knead her bread at her neighbor’s.—Part. pass. עָרִיךְ, pl. עֲרִיכִין Ib.ᵇ top אשכחון … ע׳ גו עיגולא they found the two denars (that were missed) worked into the cake. Ithpe. אִיעֲרִיךְ to be worked in. Ib.ᵃ bot. אִיעַרְכוּ גו עיגולא, v. supra. ↗ expanded

עֵרֶךְ preced.) order, arrangement. Ned. 22ᵇ שעֶרְכָּהּ של ארץ ישראל הוא because it (the Book of Joshua) contains the arrangement of the Land of Israel.—Pl. עֲרָכִים, constr. עֶרְכֵי. Cant. R. to VI, 4; Pesik. Vayhi, p. 7ᵃ sq. שש ע׳ המשנה, v. מִשְׁנָה.—ע׳ המלחמה order of battle, arrangements proclaimed before the battle (v. מַעַרְכִים). Y. Sot. VIII, beg. 22ᵇ (ref. to Mish. ib. VIII, 6) אבל בע׳ המ׳ מספקין וכ׳ but in connection with the proclamation of the regulations of battle (the Mishnah says only), ‘they have to supply water &c.’ Ib. אף בע׳ המ׳ כן the same is the case with ordinances of battle (they must be proclaimed in Hebrew). Bab. Sot. 43ᵇ אין חוזרין עליו מע׳ המ׳ they are not entitled to leave the army on that account. Ib. 44ᵇ; Men. 36ᵃ; a. e. valuation, assessment, value of a person or animal dedicated to the sanctuary; vow of value. Arakh. 7ᵇ ואמר עֶרְכִּי עלי if he says, I vow my own value. Ib. IV, 1 הע׳ בזמן הע׳ the valuation is regulated by the time of the vow (irrespective of the value at the time of paying the vow); ib. 4 נותן כזמן הע׳ he pays according to the value at the time of the vow. Ib. נותן ע׳ זקן he pays the value of an old man (Lev. XXVII, 7); ע׳ ילד the value of a child (ib. 6); a. fr.—Pl. עֲרָכִים, עֲרָכִין. Ib. II, 1 אין בע׳ וכ׳ (Var. נֶעֱרָכִין, v. עָרַךְ) in vows of value nothing is valued at less than a Selʿa &c.; ib. 7ᵇ כל ע׳ שאתה מעריך וכ׳ all values which you assess shall be no less than &c. Ib. IV, 1 והע׳ בנערך the vows of value are regulated by the condition of the person whose value is vowed. Ib. III, 1 יש בע׳ להקל וכ׳ in the laws regulating the dedication of values there is a lenient and a rigorous side. Ib. 2ᵃ, a. e. כל שישנו בדמים ישנו בע׳ … אינו בע׳ he whose person has a value, can vow the value of a person or an animal, but he whose person has no value cannot. Kerith. 13ᵇ דמין וע׳, v. דָּמִים. Tanḥ. B’ḥuck. 6 פרשת ע׳ the section treating of vows of value. Ib. בזכות הע׳ אני מציל וכ׳ as a reward for your offerings of values, I will save you &c.; a. fr.—ʿĂrakhin, name of a treatise of Mishnah, Tosefta and Talmud Babli, of the Order of Kodashim.—[ערכין, Gitt. 44ᵃ Ar., v. עַרְכִי.] ↗ expanded

עַרְכָאוֹת , v. next art. ↗ expanded

עַרְכּוּב , v. עַרְקוּב ↗ expanded

עַרְכִי (עָרַךְ; an adapt. of ἀρχή, ἀρχεῖον) recorder’s office for pedigree, deeds of sale &c. Kidd. IV, 5 בע׳ הישנה, v. אַרְכִי I.—Pl. עַרְכָאוֹת. Gitt. 44ᵃ כותב ומעלה בע׳ וכ׳ (Ar. בערכין) he writes (a deed of sale) and has it recorded in the office of gentiles (Romans); Ab. Zar. 13ᵃ בע׳ שלהן; Tosef. ib. I, 8 בעַרְכָאִים; Tosef. M. Kat. II, (I), 1 בעַרְכָיִים. Gitt. I, 5; Tosef. ib. I, 4 שטרות העולים בע׳ וכ׳ (Var. בעַרְכָיוֹת) deeds entered in gentile offices. Tosef. B. Bath. VIII, 2 כתב והעלה להם בערכאים זכה להם הערכיים if he wrote (a deed of donation for ten persons) and had it recorded for them in the office, the office took possession in their behalf; ib. 3 עַרְכָאִין … עַרְכָיִין; a. e. ↗ expanded

עָרַל (denom. of עָרְלָה) to sheathe, cover. Y. Orl. III, beg. 62ᵈ (ref. to Lev. XIX, 23) אית תניי תני בעוֹרֵל את פריו one Tannai explains that it refers to that which covers the fruit (peel, shell &c.); דבר שהוא עורל את פריו ופריו עוֹרְלוֹ that which covers the fruit (peel), and that which the fruit covers (kernel); Y. Maasr. IV, end, 51ᶜ דבר שעורל את פריו.—[In b. h. עָרַל to treat as ‘Orlah, to remove.] ↗ expanded

עָרֵל v. עָרְלָה) [covered,] uncircumcised; gentile. Mekh. Bo s. 15 (ref. to Ex. XII, 43) אבל ישראל ע׳ שומע וכ׳ I might deduce from this that an uncircumcised Israelite may pertake of the Passover lamb; Pes. 96ᵃ אבל ע׳ דלבו לשמים but an uncircumcised Israelite whose heart is directed towards heaven (and who remained uncircumcised, because his older brothers had died from circumcision). Yeb. VIII, 1 הע׳ וכל וכ׳ an uncircumcised priest, and all unclean persons must not eat T’rumah. Tosef. Ḥull. I, 1 אפי׳ ע׳ even an uncircumcised Israelite; Ḥull. 5ᵃ האי ע׳ היכי וכ׳ what is meant by this ʿarel? Do you mean an Israelite whose brothers died from circumcision? Pes. 92ᵃ ע׳ נכרי an uncircumcised gentile (a proselyte that was circumcised on the eve of Passover); ע׳ ישראל an Israelite that was circumcised on the eve of Passover; a. fr.—[Y. Shebi. VII, end, 37ᶜ חוץ מן הערל, read: העֲדָל.]—Pl. עֲרֵלִים. Mekh. l. c. עבדים ע׳ (not וע׳) uncircumcised slaves. Ned. III, 11 קונם … לע׳ מותר בעַרְלֵי ישראל he who vows that he will not receive any benefits from uncircumcised persons, is permitted benefits from uncircumcised Israelites, and forbidden benefits from circumcised gentiles (the word ʿărelim being meant only for non-Jews; v. עָרְלָה); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עָרֵל ² Targ. Deut. XXVIII, 43 (h. text הגר). Targ. Ex. XII, 48 (Y. עַרְלָאֵי, read: עַרְלַאי); a. fr.—Pl. עֲרֵלִין, עַרְלִין, עַרְלַיָּא, עַרְלָאִין. Targ. Josh. V, 7 (ed. Lag. עֲרילִ׳). Targ. Jer. IX, 24, sq. Targ. Esth. I, 5; a. e. ↗ expanded

עָרְלָא f., v. עוּרְלָא ↗ expanded

עָרְלָה ערל to hang over, v. Ges. Thes. s. v. ערל) [sheath,] prepuce; the uncircumcised membrum. Gen. R. s. 46 עָרְלַת הגוף the foreskin of the membrum. Sabb. 134ᵇ, sq. עָרְלתוֹ ודאי דוחה את השבת the cutting of his prepuce, where there is no doubt (about the condition of the infant), supersedes the Sabbath. Ib. ע׳ כבושה, v. כָּבַשׁ. Pes. 92ᵃ הפורש מן הע׳ וכ׳ he who separates himself from the prepuce (a gentile converted and circumcised) is like one that separates himself from a grave (has to undergo the lustrations of one that has been in contact with a corpse). Ned. III, 11 שאין הע׳ קרויה אלא לשמם for ʿorlah (the word ʿărelim) is used only as a general name for gentiles, v. עָרֵל. Ib. מאוסה (היא ה)ע׳ שנתגנו וכ׳ uncircumcision is detestable, for it is applied to the wicked as a reproach (with ref. to Jer. IX, 25); a. fr.—Pl. עֲרָלוֹת, constr. עָרְלוֹת. Yeb. 72ᵃ; Sabb. 135ᵇ מי שיש לו שתי ע׳ if one has two prepuces; (oth. opin. two membra to be circumcised). Gen. G. s. 46, a. e. ארבע ע׳ הן וכ׳ the term ʿorlah (uncircumcision) is applied in four ways; a. fr.—Trnsf. (v. Lev. XIX, 23) [that which is to be rejected,] the fruit of trees of the first three years. Orl. I, 2 חייב בע׳ is subject to the law of ʿorlah. Ib. 6 נטיעה של ע׳ a young tree subject to the law of ʿorlah. Ib. 7 שרף הע׳ resin of a young tree; a. fr.—Tosef. Ter. V, 9, a. fr. עוֹרְלָה.—ʿOrlah, name of a treatise of Mishnah, Tosefta and Talmud Y’rushalmi, of the Order of Z’raʿim. ↗ expanded

עַרְלוּת (preced.) uncircumcision, the condition of one not circumcised. Yeb. 71ᵃ ע׳ שלא בזמנה הויא ע׳ want of circumcision on account of untimeliness (the infant before its eighth day) creates the legal condition of the uncircumcised (with regard to the Passover meal, T’rumah &c.). Ib. 70ᵇ ע׳ דגופיה one’s own want of circumcision; ע׳ דאחריני omission to circumcise others. Ḥull. 4ᵇ, sq. מומר לע׳, v. מוּמָר; a. e. ↗ expanded

עָרְלְתָא , v. עוּרְלְתָא ↗ expanded

עָרַם 1 v. Ex. XV, to heap up, pile. Gen. R. s. 83, end (play on עירם, Gen. XXXVI, 43) שהוא עתיד לַעֲרוֹם וכ׳ he is destined to heap up treasures for the king Messiah; (‘Rashi’: לַעֲרוֹת, v. עָרָה I).—Denom. עֲרֵימָה. ↗ expanded

עָרַם 2 to peel off, strip; to make white, bright; v. עָרוּם, עָרוֹם. Hif. הֶעֱרִים to enlighten, inform. Y. Snh. V, beg. 22ᶜ, sq. (ref. to בערמה, Ex. XXI, 14) שיַעֲרִימוּהוּ באיזו מיתה מת they (the forewarning witnesses) must keep him informed as to what kind of death penalty is expecting him; (Bab. ib. 80ᵇ שיודיעוהו). to plan, act deliberately. Mekh. Mishp. s. 4 (ref. to בערמה, v. supra) להוציא … שאינן מַעֲרִימִין this is to exclude the deaf and dumb, the insane and the minor (who do not act with premeditation; להוציא מרפא … אינן מערימין to exclude the surgeon …, for although they acted with wilfulness (criminal negligence), they did not plan; Yalk. Ex. 325. to act with subtlety, to get around a law by an artifice. Sabb. 65ᵇ מערימין בדליקה in case of a conflagration on the Sabbath (when the rabbinical law allows the rescue of a certain number of clothes by putting them on) we may use an artifice (by laying off the clothes saved and going in again to save others); (oth. opin.) אין מערימין בדליקה you dare not &c. Ib. מהו שתַּעֲרִים וכ׳ dare a woman use an artifice &c., v. פָּרַף. Tosef. Bets. III, 2. Gen. R. s. 49 מה אתה מַעֲרִים על השבועה מבול וכ׳ why wilt thou cunningly evade thy own oath? destruction by water thou wilt not bring, but destruction by fire thou wilt? Yalk. ib. 83; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲרַם Ithpe. אִתְעֲרִים, אִיעֲרִים ; (also Af. אַעֲרִים) to become prudent. Targ. Prov. XIX, 25. to be subtle, to deceive, pretend. Macc. 23ᵇ ודילמא אִיעֲרוּמֵי מִיעַרְמָא (not איערומא) might she not have been subtle enough (to discover Solomon’s motive)? Snh. 25ᵃ דילמא איערומי קא מַעֲרִים perhaps he merely pretends (to be repentant)? B. Mets. 90ᵇ הערמה … אַעֲרִימוּ עלייהו ויזדבנון a trick has been employed regarding them, use a trick against them (that did it), and let the oxen be sold (and not be used for ploughing). Af. אַעֲרִים to use an artifice, v. supra. ↗ expanded

עָרְמָה preced.) prudence, deliberation; subtlety. Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 6 (ref. to נערמו, Ex. XV, 8, v. Targ. O. a. l.) הם אמרו הבה נתחכמה … נתת ע׳ למים they had said, Come, let us deal wisely with them (Ex. I, 10), thou, too, didst place wisdom in the water; (Yalk. Ex. 248 עַרְמוּמִית). Midr. Sam. ch. VII [read:] לפי מה שהיתה עָרְמָתוֹ של נחש כך היתה מכתו in accordance with the serpent’s subtlety was its punishment. Midr. Prov. ch. I. פתי הייתי ונתן בי הקב"ה ע׳ I was simple, and the Lord placed wisdom in me. Ib. מכמה שנים ואילך … להיות בו ע׳ from what age and onward is man expected to be deliberate?; Yalk. ib. 929; a. e. ↗ expanded

ערֵמָה , v. עֲרִימָה ↗ expanded

עַרְמוּמִית (v. preced. art.) shrewdness, subtlety. Yalk. Ex. 248, v. עָרְמָה. Sot. 21ᵇ (ref. to Prov. VIII, 12) כיון שנכנסה חכמה … נכנסה עמה ע׳ (not עמן) when wisdom enters into man, subtlety enters along with it; Yalk. Prov. 940 נכנסה בו ע׳. ↗ expanded

עַרְמוֹן v. עָרַם II) platanus, the Oriental plane.—Pl. ערְמוֹנִים. Y. Keth. VII, end, 31ᵈ; a. e.; v. אַרְמוֹן III. ↗ expanded

עַרְמוּתָא = h. עָרְמָה, subtlety; premeditation. Targ. I Kings II, 5. ↗ expanded

עַרְמִית f. (preced.) = הַעֲרָמָה. Tosef. B. Mets. IV, 3 ערמית רבית (ed. Zuck. הַעֲרָמַת, Var. עָרְמַת), v. הַעֲרָמָה ↗ expanded

עֲרֵמְתָּא , v. עֲרֵימְתָּא ↗ expanded

עָרַס (cmp. אָרַס) to connect, intertwine, braid &c.—Denom. עָרִיס, עֲרִיסָה, עֶרֶס &c. Pi. עֵירֵס, עֵרֵס (denom. of (denom. of עָרִיס) to form an arbor. Kil. IV, 7 אם עֵרְסָן מלמעלה if he connected them (the two rows of vines) above so as to form an arbor. (denom. of עֲרִיסָה) to start dough, contrad. to לוש. Y. Pes. III, 30ᵃ; Y. Bets. I, 60ᵈ top ע׳ לא אמר אלא לש וכ׳ the Boraitha does not say, ‘if one started dough’, but, ‘if one kneaded’; but if one started (on the eve of a Holy Day), this prohibition does not apply.—In gen. to knead, work in (cmp. עָרַךְ). Ber. 37ᵇ בשעֵרְסָנ when he worked the crumbs again into a compact mass; Men. 75ᵇ בשעירסן. Y. Ḥall. I, 57ᵇ, v. עָסוּת.—Part. pass. מְעוֹרָס. Ib. וההן נשוך לאו כמע׳ הוא (not כמעירס) and that lump of dough made by pressing several pieces together (v. נָשַׁךְ),—is that not the same as if worked together? Nif. נֶעֱרַס, Hithpa. הִתְעָרֵס to become connected, compact. Sifré Num. 110 (ref. to ערסתכם, Num. XV, 20, sq.) משיִתְעָרֵס (it is subject to Ḥallah) from the time it has become a compact mass; Yalk. ib. 748 משתֵּעָרֵס. ↗ expanded

עֶרֶס 1 arbor, v. עָרִיס I. ↗ expanded

עֶרֶס 2 c. (b. h. [joined frame; cmp. כְּלִיבָה,] bed, bier.—Pl. עֲרָסוֹת, constr. עַרְסוֹת. Sabb. 62ᵇ (ref. to Am. VI, 6) מסריחין עַרְסוֹתֵיהֶם וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. עַרְסוֹתָם), v. סָרַח III; Kidd. 71ᵇ ↗ expanded

עֶרֶס same. Targ. O. Deut. III, 11. Targ. O. Ex. VII, 28. Targ. Y. II ib. XXI, 18; a. fr.—תשמיש (ד)ע׳ sexual connection. Targ. Y. II ib. XIX, 15 (Y. I דעָרִיס). Targ. Y. Num. V, 13 דעריס; a. e.—Targ. II Sam. III, 31 bier.—Snh. 20ᵃ; Ned. 56ᵇ ע׳ דגדא, v. גַּדָּא. Ib. ע׳ דצלא a bed with a leather mattress. Lam. R. to I, 1 ע׳ (רבתי) פחיתא a broken bedstead. B. Bath. 22ᵃ לעַרְסֵיה וכ׳ waiting for the bier of R. A. Y. Kil. IX, 32ᶜ bot.; Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵇ יהבון עַרְסִי וכ׳ place my bier (coffin) at the sea-shore; a. fr.—Pl. עַרְסָן, עַרְסָתָא, עַרְסִין. Targ. Am. VI, 4 עַרְסַתְהוֹן ed. Lag. (oth. ed. עַרְסֵיהוֹן). Lam. R. l. c. אתקין … עַרְסָאתָא he prepared for them four beds. Lev. R. s. 5 (transl. מטות שן Am. l. c.) ע׳ דפיל ivory bedsteads. Y. Ber. III, 6ᵃ top ע׳ קיסרייתא וכ׳ Cæsarean bedsteads which have holes for the girths; a. e. (cmp. עָרִיס I) arcade along a row of buildings, sidewalk. Gitt. 6ᵃ מצריך מע׳ לע׳ required identification of signatures on documents brought from one side of the street to the other. Y. Bets. I, 60ᶜ bot. מע׳ לע׳ from one side of the street to the other (or from one couch to the other, v. טְעַן II).—Pl. עַרְסָתָא. Erub. 26ᵃ מערב … ע׳ ע׳ Ar. (Ms. M. ערסא ערסא; ed. עַרְסְיָיתָא, fr. עַרְסִיתָא) provided the whole town of M. with ‘Erubs (v. עֵירוּב), one for each row of connected houses. dish of the steel-yard, scales. Sabb. 60ᵃ, v. עֲדָשָׁה. ↗ expanded

עֲרִסָה , v. עֲרִיסָה ↗ expanded

עַרְסִי , pl. עַרְסִיִּין (preced. art.) belonging to a bedstead; (מלין) ע׳ strapping, girthing. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᶜ top הן דעבד מ׳ ע׳ וכ׳ (Or Zar. Sabb. 64 דעביד ערסמו, read ערסיין) he who does girthing work (on the Sabbath), if lengthwise &c. ↗ expanded

עַרְסִיתָא , pl. עַרְסְיָיתָא, v. עַרְסָא 2. ↗ expanded

*עִרְסֵל (v. next w.) to swing (like a hammock). Hithpa. הִתְעַרְסֵל to be swung; to waddle, stagger. Gen. R. s. 31 דוב בא ליכנס והיו רגליו מִתְעַרְסְלוֹת quot. in Rashi to Ez. XIV, 14 (missing in ed.) when a bear wanted to force his entrance into the ark, his feet tottered; ib. (with ref. to giants) מתערסלות במים Ar.; Yalk. Gen. 55 מתערסלות; v. עִרְכֵּל. ↗ expanded

עַרְסַל (v. עַרְסָא) hammock, v. אַרְזְלָא. ↗ expanded

עָרַע , v. עִרְעֵר III ↗ expanded

עֲרַע 1 (apocop. of ערער, transpos. of רערע; cmp. כֶּסֶךְ a. כַּסְכַּס) to come in contact with; to join, meet. Targ. Jer. XLI, 6 (h. text פגש). Targ. O. Gen. XXXII, 2 (h. text פגע). Targ. O. Ex. I, 10; a. fr.; v. אֲרַע I. Pa. (ערְעַר) עָרע to join, be added to. Koh. R. to VII, 27 חדא מְעָרְעָא חדא וכ׳ (ed. מְעַרְעֲרָא) one (sin) is added to another &c., v. אָרַע I. Ithpa. אִתְעָרַע to be met; to happen; to come before. Targ. II Sam. I, 6. Ib. XX, 1. Targ. Hos. XI, 7. Ib. 8. Targ. Jer. IV, 20; a. e.—[ to be added, increased. Y. Ḥall. II, 58ᵈ top אִתְעָרְעוּן (ed. אזדרעון), v. קַבָּא.] ↗ expanded

עֲרַע 2 (preced.; v. אָרַע II), Pa. עָרַע to call, proclaim, summon. Targ. Zeph. I, 7 (h. text הקדיש). Targ. O. Lev. XXIII, 2; a. fr.; v. אֲרַע II. ↗ expanded

עִרְעוּר , v. עַרְעַר ↗ expanded

עֲרָעִין , v. עֵרָיִין ↗ expanded

עַרְעִיתָא 1 (עֲרַע I) accident. Targ. Koh. IX, 11 (h. text פגע). ↗ expanded

עַרְעִיתָא 2 = h. צִרְעָה, wasp, hornet. Targ. O. Ex. XXIII, 28 עָרָ׳ ed. Berl. (oth. ed. עֲרָ׳, עַרְ׳). Targ. Josh. XXIV, 12; a. e.—Sabb. 80ᵇ ונפקא ע׳ מן וכ׳ a wasp came out of the wall and stung him &c., v. אַנְדִּיפֵי.—V. אוּרְעִיתָא. ↗ expanded

עִרְעֵר (Pilp. of עוּר) to stir up, excite to lamentation. M. Kat. 8ᵃ לא יְעַרְעֵר וכ׳, v. עוּר Polel [to stir up strife, disturb,] to contest the legality of an action, the legitimacy of a person, his fitness as judge, witness &c. Y. Snh. III, 21ᵈ top אם בא ועי׳ עֲרָרוֹ קיים if he comes and protests (against the judgment given in his absence), his protest is valid. Y. Ned. V, end, 39ᵇ כל מי שיבוא וִיעַרְעֵר וכ׳ whosoever may at some future time contest this donation (having a claim against the property); a. e.—[Meg. 25ᵇ המְעַרְעֲרִים those inclined to argue,—a censorial change from המומרים or המינים; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 8.] to stir on by chiding, to scold. Sot. III, 3 מְעַרְעֲרִים אותה וכ׳ they (the court) chide her and make her drink by force; [Rashi seems to take our w. in the sense of encouraging]; Tosef. ib. II, 3 מְרַעְרְעִין ed. Zuck. (Var. מערערין). Ib. בצבת של ברזל … מדדין וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. מערערין, read ומע׳) they opened her mouth … and urged her on and forced her to drink; Sot. 19ᵇ. Y. ib. III, 18ᵈ bot. מערערים אותה עד וכ׳ we urge her on to drink by chiding her until her face becomes pale; Num. R. s. 9; Yalk. ib. 708 מכין אותה ומע׳ וכ׳ … they strike her with the broadside of a sword and urge her &c.; a. e. Hithpa. הִתְעַרְעֵר to be stirred up, v. עָרַר. ↗ expanded

עִרְעֵר 2 to lay bare, strip, denude; to make lonely. Pesik. ʿĂniya, p. 134ᵇ (expl. סערה, Is. LIV, 11) מערערתא שעִרְעֲרוּהָ וכ׳ ‘the stripped’ (or lonely) one whom the nations have denuded (with ref. to ערו, Ps. CXXXVII, 7); Yalk. s. 339 שעיר ערוה (read: שעִירְעֲרוּהָ). Yalk. Num. 708 (play on המים המאררים למרים, Num. V, 24) שממררין את הגוף ומְעַרְעֲרִין את העון (not שממרין) because they make the body bitter (sick), and lay the sin bare; Sifré Num. 11 ומרעדים את העין (corr. acc.); Num. R. s. 9 שמאררים את הגוף ומבערין וכ׳ (corr. acc.; v., also, בָּרַר). Nithpalp. נִתְעַרְעֵר to be stripped, bare. Midr. Till. to Ps. CII, 18 (ref. to ערער, ib.) זה מנשה שנתע׳ ממעשים טובים (some ed. שערער, corr. acc.; ed. Bub. שחיה ער, read עַרְעָר) this refers to Manasseh who was bare of good deeds.—V. עַרְעָר. ↗ expanded

עַרְעֵר 1 , to strip, make lonely. Part. pass. מְעַרְעַר; f. מְעַרְעַרְתָּא. Pesik. ʿĂniya, p. 134ᵇ, a. e., v. preced. ↗ expanded

עִרְעֵר 3 (v. עֲרַע I) [to bring into contact,] to keep a liquid in the throat for the sake of lubrication. Tosef. Sabb. XII (XIII), 10 if one has a sore throat, לא יְעַרְעֲרֶנּוּ בשמן וכ׳ he must not lubricate it with oil (on the Sabbath); Ber. 36ᵃ לא יְעָרְעֶנּוּ (Pi. of עָרַע; Ar. יערער׳); Tosef. Ter. IX, 12 יערענו (ed. Zuck. ירדנו?); Y. Shebi. VIII, 38ᵃ top יערער׳. to cause to meet. Koh. R. to IX, 11 (ref. to יקרה, ib.; cmp. עַרְעִיתָא I) עת היא שפוגעת האדם ומְעַרְעֶרֶת בו וכ׳ it is time that strikes man and causes all these things (vicissitudes) to meet him. ↗ expanded

עַרְעֵר 2 , to join, meet. Koh. R. to VII, 27 מְעַרְעֲרָא, v. עֲרַע I. ↗ expanded

עַרְעֵר 3 (transpos. of רערע, v. רָעַע) to make shaky, loosen.—Part. pass. מְעַרְעַר; f. מְעַרְעֲרָה. Lam. R. introd. (R. Ḥănina 2) (ref. to רֹעָה, Prov. XXV, 19) שן מע׳ a shaky tooth, v. מַטְמֵט. ↗ expanded

עַרְעָר stripped, lonely. Lev. R. s. 30; Yalk. Ps. 855 שהיה ע׳ ממעשים וכ׳, v. עִרְעֵר.—Pl. עַרְעָרִים. Ib.; Midr. Till. to Ps. CII, 18. ↗ expanded

עַרְעַר (עִרְעֵר I) protest; evidence of illegitimacy or disqualification. Keth. 21ᵇ וקרא ע׳ על אחד מהן and the qualification of one of the judges was contested; ib. sq. ע׳ דמאי of what nature was that alleged disqualification?; ע׳ דגזלנותא a disqualification based on the charge of robbery; ע׳ דפגם משפחה based on alleged family blemish (descent from slaves). B. Bath. 31ᵇ, sq. ע׳ חד איכא וכ׳ they differ as to acting on the evidence of disqualification proffered by one witness; ר׳ אלעזר סבר ע׳ חד R. El. is of the opinion that evidence of disqualification by one witness is sufficient; ע׳ תרי it requires two witnesses; Keth. 26ᵃ. Ib., a. fr. אין ע׳ פחות משנים in charges of disqualification no less than two witnesses are required. Y. Bicc. I, 64ᵃ משפחה … שהיו קורין עליה ע׳ a family … whose qualification for marriage with priests was disputed; Y. Yeb. VIII, 9ᵇ bot.; Bab. ib. 60ᵇ. Y. Keth. II, 26ᵇ bot. שטר שנקרא עליו ע׳ a document against which an informality was charged; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַרְעֲרִין , v. עֲרָיִין ↗ expanded

עָרַף (b. h.) to divide, cut. Sifré Deut. 306 (ref. to יערף, Deut. XXXII, 2) אין יַעֲרֹף … פרוט … אלא עֲרוֹף לי וכ׳ yaʿʿărof is a Phoenician (mercantile) term, e.g. one does not say to one’s neighbor, pʾroṭ (break into small change) this Selʿa for me, but ʿărof for me &c.—Denom. עוֹרֶף.—2) (cmp. קָטַף a. קְטָף) to drop, distill. Taan. 7ᵃ (ref. to Deut. l. c.) אם ת"ח … ואם לאו עוֹרְפֵיהוּ כמטר if a scholar is worthy, he is like dew; if unworthy, drop him like rain; Yalk. Deut. 942 עָרְפֵהוּ. (denom. of עוֹרֶף) to break the neck of; esp. to break the neck of a heifer to atone for a murder the author of which is unknown (Deut. XXI, 1–9); to perform the ceremony of atonement. Sot. IX, 2 לא היו עוֹרְפִין they did not perform the ceremony. Ib. 45ᵇ; a. fr.—Ib. IX, 5 ועורפין אותה בקופיץ וכ׳ and (if the ground is not hard and rough) they cut her head from behind with a hatchet.—Part. pass. עָרוּף; f. עֲרוּפָה.—עגלה ע׳, v. עֶגְלָה. (cmp. אָחַר) (of copulations of animals) to cover (from behind). Ib. 42ᵇ (play on עָרְפָּה) שהכל עורפין וכ׳ all covered her from behind. Nif. נֶעֱרַף, Nithpa. נִתְעָרֵף to have the neck broken. Ib. IX, 7 (47ᵃ) נמצא … עד שלא נֶעֶרְפָּה וכ׳ (Y. ed. עד שלא תֵיעָרֵף) if the murderer was discovered before the heifer was put to death; משנִתְעָרְפָה העגלה Mish. (Y. a. Bab. ed. משנערפה) after the ceremony had taken place. Ib. 46ᵃ יבוא דבר … ויֵעָרֵף וכ׳ let there be brought a thing which has not yet produced fruit (a heifer) and be broken in a place which produces no fruit, and atone for the murder of him who was prevented from producing fruit (good deeds on earth). Ex. R. s. 42, end (play on קשה ערף, Ex. XXXII, 9) ראויים הם להֵעָרֵף they deserve to have their necks broken; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲרַף , to break the neck of the heifer. Sot. 46ᵃ הכי נמי דלא עַרְפִינָן is it really so that we do not perform the ceremony (in such a case)? ↗ expanded

עֵרֶף , pl. עֲרָפִין, substitute for עֲרָכִין, v. עֵרֶךְ. Y. Ned. I, beg. 36ᶜ ואילו תנינן … ע׳ ערצין ערקין but if we were to teach (substitutes for ʿărakhin), what would we teach? ʿĂrafin, ʿăratsin, ʿăraḳin ↗ expanded

עֹרֶף , v. עוֹרֶף ↗ expanded

עָרְפָּא = h. עוֹרֶף. (in singular sense). Yalk. Lev. 665 חמי ע׳ חמי קדרון (read: קדלין) look at the (fat) neck, look at the back; [obviously one a gloss to the other; differ. in Lev. R. s. 34, a. Koh. R. to V, 13]. ↗ expanded

עַרְפָּד ʿarpad, a species of bats. B. Kam. 16ᵃ עטלף … נעשה ע׳ וכ׳ the bat after seven years changes into an ʿarpad, the ʿarpad &c., v. קִימּוֹש. ↗ expanded

עַרְפְּדָא , bat (h. עטלף). Targ. Y. I Deut. XIV, 18 (Y. II חרפתא); Targ. Y. Lev. XI, 19 טרפידא (טרפירא) (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עָרְפָּה (b. h.) pr. n. f. Orpah, wife of Chilion, son of Naomi, in legend identified with Harafah (II Sam. XXI, 22). Sot. 42ᵇ בשכר ארבע דמעות שהורידה ע׳ וכ׳ as a reward for four tears which O. shed, when parting with her mother-in-law she was privileged to rear four mighty men (II Sam. l. c.). Ib. ע׳ שמה וכ׳ her real name was O., and why was she called Harafah?, v. הֲרִיפוֹת. Ib. הרפה שמה … ע׳ he real name was Harafah, and why was she called O.?, v. עָרַף. Snh. 95ᵃ חזייה לע׳ וכ׳ he (Abishai) saw O., his (Jishbi’s) mother, spinning. Ruth R. to I, 14; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲרָפֵילָא , v. עַרְפְּלָא ↗ expanded

*עִרְפֵּל (Parel of עפל), Hithpa. הִתְעַרְפֵּל to swell (?). Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 37 יִתְעַרְפְּלוּן, v. ערְטֵל. ↗ expanded

עֲרָפֶל cloud; spray; mist; ʿĂrafel, the lower sky. Ḥag. 12ᵇ חשך ענן וע׳ וכ׳ darkness, cloud, and mist surround him. Tanḥ. Vayera 23 פתח הקב"ה את הרקיע ואת הע׳ the Lord opened the sky and the ʿărafel. Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 2 (ref. to בעב הענן, Ex. XIX, 9) בענן עבה ואיזה זה ע׳ in a thick cloud; and what is this? This is ʿărafel; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַרְפְּלָא Targ. II Sam. XXII, 12; Targ. Ps. XVIII, 12. Targ. II Esth. III, 3.—Pl. constr. עַרְפְּלֵי. Gen. R. s. 99, v. טוּרָא II. ↗ expanded

עָרַץ (b. h.) to be strong; to frighten. Hif. הֶעֱרִיץ to proclaim the power of, praise. Pirké d’R. El. ch. IV מַעֲרִיצִים ומקדושים וכ׳ they praise and sanctify his great name; Yalk. Is. 271; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֵרֶץ , pl. עֲרָצִין, substitute for עֲרָכִין, v. עֵרֶף. ↗ expanded

עַרְצוּבְיָא (cmp. אַרְזְבוֹנִית) a species of locusts (cmp. ἐρυσίβη, LXX Joel I, 4; II, 25 for חסיל; Deut. XXVIII, 42 for צלצל). Ḥull. 65ᵃ; Sifra Sh’mini, Par. 3, ch. V (differ. from ארזבונית). ↗ expanded

עָרַק [to pass, squeeze through,] (denom. of עַרְקָא) to strap. Tanḥ. Mishp. 1 עזוב … עֲרוֹק מכאן loosen a little on this side, lift …, strap on that side. ↗ expanded

עֲרַק (preced.; cmp. ברח) to flee, run. Targ. Gen. XIV, 10; a. fr.—B. Mets. 84ᵃ אבוך ע׳ … ואת עֲרִיק ללודקיא (Ms. M. ברח) thy father fled (from persecution) to A., flee thou to Laodicea; Y. Maasr. III, 50ᵈ bot. עד דעַרְקַת וכ׳ (I shall call thee so,) until thou runnest away and goest &c. Gen. R. s. 31 (עָרְקִין) עֲרִיקִין הוינן מן קומי וכ׳ we were fugitives from a (Roman) troop, and living in &c., v. בְּטִיטָא; Y. Pes. I, beg. 27ᵃ כד הוינן ערקין וכ׳. Ab. Zar. 16ᵃ דכי שלים … מֵעֲרַק עַרְקֵי for when their weapons (missiles) are spent, they run away (and do not attack with their shields). Y. Sabb. XVI, end, 15ᵈ פריס … ונורא עַרְקָא מינה he spread his cloak …, and the fire fled from it (v. גָּדִישָׁא); a. fr.—[Gitt. 78ᵃ, v. עֲדַק.] Pa. עָרֵק, עַרֵק to put to flight, chase. Targ. Deut. XXXII, 30 יְעָרְקוּן (not יֶעֶרְ׳, יְעִירְ׳). Targ. Prov. XIX, 26 מְעָרֵיק (ed. Wil. מְעַרֵ׳; some ed. מַעֲרִיק Af.); a. e. to save. Targ. Jud. VI, 11 לעָרָקָא (ed. Wil. לַעֲרָ׳ Af.). Af. אַעֲרִיק same. Targ. Job XLI, 20 יַעֲרִיק׳ (ed. יְעַרְק׳ Pa.). Targ. Prov. XVI, 28 מַעֲרִיק וכ׳ causes his friend to flee (him) (Var. מעדיק, v. עֲדַק); a. e., v. supra. ↗ expanded

עֵרֶק , pl. עֲרָקִין, substitute for עֲרָכִין, v. עֵרֶף. ↗ expanded

עָרָק (v. next w.) a long and flat vessel made of rush, Maim.; [oth. opin. sieve; cmp. אֲרָק a. עֲדָק I]. Kel. XVI, 3; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. V, 13. bandage, compress. Sabb. 54ᵇ Ms. O., v. עֲדָק II. ↗ expanded

עַרְקָא (עֲרַק) strap, band. Tanḥ. B’resh. 7 הדין ע׳ וכ׳, v. מְשַׁךְ II.—Pl. עַרְקִין. Targ. Ez. XXVII, 19 (some ed. עדקין, corr. acc.). sedge, rush. Targ. Job VIII, 11 (h. text אָחוּ). Ib. XL, 21 (h. text בִּצָּה). leech, v. עֲלוּקָא.—[עַרְקָא f., v. עִרְקְתָא.] ↗ expanded

עַרְקַבְלִין (prob. fr. עקב; cmp. next w.) prickly creepers on palm-trees, palm-ivy (v. חַרְחֲבִינָא). Erub. II, 6 (23ᵃ) עקרבנין Mish. (Y. ed. ערקבנ׳; Bab. ed. ערקבל׳); ib. 26ᵇ ערקבלין, expl. אצוותא חרוזיאתא, v. אַצְוָוא; Pes. 39ᵃ ערקבל׳. Shebi. VII, 2 ערקבנ׳ (Y. ed. ערקבל׳). ↗ expanded

עַרְקוּב (עָקַב, Par.) [curve,] hough, ham, the inner part of the knee; the inner angle of the joint which unites the thigh and the leg of an animal. Bekh. VI, 11 זנב העגל לע׳ … if the tail of a (first-born) calf does not reach the ʿarḳub; לאיזה ע׳ אמרו which ʿarḳub (curve) is meant? לע׳ שבאמצע הירך the ʿarḳub in the thigh, expl. ib. 41ᵃ קפץ העליונה וכ׳ the upper joint (the inner part of the knee), not the lower joint (knuckle); Tosef. ib. IV, 14. Tam. IV, 2 (31ᵃ) נוקבו מתוך עַרְקוּבוֹ וכ׳ Bab. ed. (Mish. עַרְכּוּבוֹ) he makes a hole through its ham and suspends it. ↗ expanded

עַרְקוּמָא , v. עוּרְקָמָא ↗ expanded

ערקי , Y. Kil. VIII, 31ᶜ bot., ייסי ע׳, v. ייסי ↗ expanded

עַרְקִין , Targ. Y. Ex. XXVIII, 19, v. טַרְקְיָא ↗ expanded

עַרְקֵל , (Parel of עֲקַל; v. P. Sm. 2964) to confuse, perplex. Part. pass. מְעַרְקַל, pl. מְעַרְקְלִין. Targ. Prov. XXIX, 20 דמע׳ מילוי (Levita דמערקלא, incorr.) he whose words are confused (blurted; h. text אץ בדבריו). ↗ expanded

עַרְקַת ʿArḳath Libnah. Bekh. 57ᵇ (Rashi ע׳ לבינה), v. אַרְקָא II. ↗ expanded

עַרְקְתָא (v. עַרְקָא) strap.—עַרְקַת מסנא, ע׳ דמסנא shoe-strap. Targ. O. Gen. XIV, 23; a. e.—Lev. R. s. 35; Cant. R. to I, 4 כע׳ סומקא וכ׳ as a red strap &c., v. מִסְכֵּנוּתָא; Pesik. Shimʿu, p. 117ᵃ כהיך ע׳ סמוקא בקדליה וכ׳ (not בדקליה); Yalk. Lev. 670; Yalk. Is. 256; Lev. R. s. 13 כעזקתא (corr. acc.). Snh. 74ᵇ top אפי׳ לשנויי ע׳ דמסאנא (in days of religious persecution you must resist) even to changing the shoe-strap. B. Bath. 21ᵃ, v. מְחָא II. Y. Yeb. XV, 15ᵃ, v. יְקַד; a. e. ↗ expanded

עָרַר , Pi. עֵירֵר (v. עִרְעֵר I) [to stir up,] to protest, contest, object. Y. Gitt. I, 43ᶜ top אם בא ועי׳ עררו בטל if the husband comes and contests (the validity of his letter of divorce), his objection is null and void. Ib. הוא ערר משנישאת הוא ע׳ וכ׳ it is all the same whether he objects after she has remarried or before it. Y. Keth. II, beg. 26ᵃ נתאלמנה מי עוֹרֵר וכ׳ if she is a widow, who objects (opposes the woman’s claim)? Gitt. I, 3 אם יש עליו עוֹרְרִים if there are contestants against it (the letter of divorce); a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְעָרֵר to be stirred up. Tosef. Sot. II, 2 אפי׳ … המים מִתְעָרְרִין עליה Var. (ed. Zuck. המים היה מִתְרַעְרְעִין, read: המים מתר׳ or מִתְעַרְעֲרִין) even if she goes astray twenty years afterwards, the waters will be stirred up (work injury) in her body. ↗ expanded

עֲרַר 1 , to object. Y. Keth. VII, 31ᶜ top הויין קריביה עַרְרִין ואמרין וכ׳ the relatives objected (to the verdict) and said &c. Ib. VI, 30ᵈ top אשכחינון עֲרִירִין he found them disputing (about the amount to be allowed for the wife’s toilet). Pa. עָרֵיר to stir up, incite. Targ. Is. IX, 10. ↗ expanded

עֲרָר = עַרְעָר, protest, objection, claim. Y. Gitt. I, 43ᶜ top עֲרָרוֹ בטל, v. עָרַר. Y. Keth. IX, beg. 32ᵈ כל ע׳ שיש לי בשדה זו whatever claim I may have on this field. Y. R. Hash. III, 58ᵈ top קרא ע׳ על וכ׳ if objection was raised against the signature &c. Y. Gitt. I, 43ᶜ bot ע׳ שבגיפו an objection based on an alleged informality of the document itself; ע׳ שחוץ לגופו an objection not concerning the document itself (e.g. that the letter of divorce was given conditionally). ↗ expanded

עֲרַר 2 Targ. Y. Deut. XXII, 14; 17 (not ערד; h. text עלילת).—[עֲרָר, Targ. Y. II, Gen. XX, 2 (ed. Vien. ערד), read: גְּרָר.] ↗ expanded

עֶרֶשׂ v. עֶרֶס) bed. Midr. Till. to Ps. XLI, 4 וכי יש ע׳ של דוי is there a bed of despair?; Yalk. ib. 741. ↗ expanded

עָשׁ 1 (b. h.) the constellation called the Great Bear. Ber. 58ᵇ, expl. יותא, v. אָתָא III. ↗ expanded

עָשׁ Targ. Job IX, 9. ↗ expanded

עָשׁ 2 (b. h.) moth. Deut. R. s. 2, beg., v. מָסַס. ↗ expanded

עָשָׁא Targ. Is. L, 9. ↗ expanded

עֲשָׁאשִׁיתָא , v. עֲשָׁשִׁיתָא ↗ expanded

עֵשֶׂב (b. h.) herb, plant, grass. Gen. R. s. 10, v. מַזָּל. Cant. R. to IV, 11 ע׳ הבאר the plants surrounding the well, v. גִּעְגֵּעַ; a. fr.—Pl. עֲשַׂבִּים. Kil. V, 7 אם ע׳ יופך if the dropped seeds have not grown beyond the stage of herbage, he must turn the soil over (v. אָפַךְ). Lev. R. s. 27, beg. ההרים מעלין ע׳ וכ׳ the mountains produce herbs, and the righteous, good deeds. Erub. 54ᵃ בני האדם דומין לעִשְׂבֵּי השדה וכ׳ men are like the plants of the field, these blossom &c., v. הָלָה. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᵈ bot., a. e., v. לֶחִי; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲשַׂב Targ. Gen. I, 29 some ed.; a. fr.; v. עִסְבָּא.—Lev. R. s. 22 חמא חד עשב וכ׳ saw a certain plant and picked it up, and made of it a wreath for his head. Ib. חמא ההוא ע׳ saw that same plant. B. Bath. 74ᵇ, v. סַמְתְּרֵי; a. fr.—Pl. עִשְׂבֵּי, עִי׳. Ib. ואנחנא אע׳ and we rested on the herbs. Sot. 48ᵇ ע׳ טוריא mountain herbs, v. שׁוּט I ch.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עָשָׂה , v. עשי ↗ expanded

עֵשָׂו (b. h.) pr. n. m. Esau, son of Isaac; (gent. noun) Esau (Edom), frequ. a disguise for Rome. Yoma 38ᵇ רשע דר … זה ע׳ a wicked man that dwelt between two righteous men without adopting their doings, that is Esau. Gitt. 57ᵇ (ref. to Gen. XXVII, 22) אין לך … מזרעו של ע׳ there is no successful war in which descendants of Esau have no part. Gen. R. s. 2 ויהי ערב ערבו של ע׳ ‘and it was evening’ (Gen. I, 5), the evening (decline) of Esau (Rome). Koh. R. to V, 7 אם ראית ע׳ בכרך הגדול של רומי עושק וכ׳ when thou seest Esau in the large city of Rome oppressing the poor and robbing the indigent &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עִשּׂוּי (עָשָׂה) force, pressure. Keth. 53ᵃ מעלאי דידי היינו ע׳ Tosaf. to ib. 50ᵃ (Rashi עַשּׂוּיֵי; ed. עשייה) my coming in with you would be equal to forcing (undue influence); v. עֲשֵׂי. ↗ expanded

עִשּׁוּן , v. sub עִישּׁ׳. ↗ expanded

עִשּׁוֹנִית (v. עֲשַׁשׁ, a. עֶשֶׁת) hard and level ground. Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 5 (ref. to Ex. XV, 5) וכי תהומות יש שם והלא ע׳ היא are any abysses there?, is not it (the bottom of the Red Sea) even and hard?; וכי מצולות יש שם והלא ע׳ היתה (read היא) are any whirlpools there? &c.; Yalk. Ex. 246; Tanḥ. B’shall. 14 עשוניות (some ed. עשיניות; corr. acc.). ↗ expanded

עִשּׂוּר , v. sub עִישּׂ׳. ↗ expanded

עשות , Yalk. Cant. 991 some ed., v. עֶשֶׁת ↗ expanded

עשּׂוֹרְיָאתָא , v. עִיסּוּרְיָתָא ↗ expanded

עשי to do, work, prepare (corresp. in variety of meanings to עֲבַד). Shebi. VIII, 6 אין עוֹשִׂין זתים וכ׳ (in the Sabbatical year) you must not prepare (press, cmp. עֲסֵי) olives in the press &c. Tosef. ib. VI, 29 אין עושין אותן גרוגרות you must not prepare them as dried figs. Ib. 8 אין עושין את היין וכ׳ you must not make ăluntith wine (v. אֲלוּנְטִית II). Sabb. 118ᵃ, a. e. עֲשֵׂה שבתך חול וכ׳ make thy Sabbath a week-day (as to expense), and be independent of men. Ib. 56ᵃ שביקש לַעֲשׂוֹת ולא ע׳ he wanted to do (evil), but did not do it. Ber. 17ᵃ (ref. to Ps. CXI, 10) לעוֹשִׂים לשמה ועושים וכ׳ to those who do good for its own sake, but not to those who do it from impure motives; וכל העוֹשֶׂה שלא לשמה וכ׳ whoever does good from impure motives, had better not have been born; a. v. fr.—עֲשֵׂה (do), or מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה positive law; לאֹ תַעֲשֶׂה (do not) prohibitory law, v. לֹא, לַאו, a. מִצְוָה. Keth. 30ᵃ, a. e. חייבי עֲ׳ מצרי ואדומי those guilty of transgressing the law implied in the positive law (limitation) concerning intermarriages with descendants of Egyptian or Edomite converts (Deut. XXIII, 8 sq.).—לאו הבא מכלל עֲ׳, v. לַאו.—ע׳ דמים, or ע׳ (sub. דמים) to value, assess. B. Mets. 69ᵇ לא עֲשָׂאָהּ דמים he did not estimate her (the cow’s) value; ולא עשאה but did he not estimate her value (when he said, thy cow is worth to me thirty denars)? לא עשאה ד׳ מחיים וכ׳ he did not estimate her value as alive, but as dead (how much he would have to pay, if the cow died while in his use). Ib. 62ᵇ צא ועֲשֵׂה עלי כשער וכ׳ go and give me credit for it in accordance with the present market price, and I will furnish it &c. Ib. בדמי חיטיך שעָשִׂיתָ עלי בשלשים וכ׳ as an equivalent for thy wheat for which thou hast charged me with thirty denars, I hold wine for thee; a. fr.—Part. pass. עָשׂוּי; f. עֲשׂוּיָה; pl. עֲשׂוּיִים, עֲשׂוּיִין; עֲשׂוּיוֹת. Ib. הרי חיטיך ע׳ עלי וכ׳ thy wheat is worth to me &c. Tosef. ib. VI, 6 הרי קמה זו ע׳ עליך וכ׳ this quantity of standing grain is charged to thee (I sell thee &c.) at one hundred &c.; ib. הרי גיזיהן של אלו ע׳ וכ׳ I sell thee the wool on these sheep for &c.; a. fr.— Tanḥ. Naso 10; Num. R. s. 11 שלא תהא ע׳ that thou mayest not be forced (v. Pi.) to take an office, v. פַּנְיָיס. to spend time, tarry. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVII, 14 ר׳ שמעון … שע׳ במערה וכ׳ ed. Bub. (oth. ed. טמון) R. S. ben Y. who lived in a cave, … thirteen years. Gen. R. s. 91 (ref. to רדו, Gen. XLII, 2) בישרם שהן עתידין לעשות שם ר"י שנה מנין רד"ו he announced to them that they were to live there two hundred and ten years, the numerical value of r’du; Num. R. s. 13. Gen. R. s. 22 עשה … קיים וכ׳ Abel lived from &c.; a. fr.—Tanḥ. Sh’mini 1 ולא ע׳ אלא אמר וכ׳ and he did not tarry but said &c., i.e. at once he said; a. fr. Nif. נַעֲשֶׂה to be done, made; to become. Ber. 35ᵇ מלאכתן נַעֲשֵׂית ע"י אחרים their work is done through others. B. Mets. 46ᵃ, a. e. מטבע נ׳ חליפין, v. חֲלִיפִים. Pesik. R. s. 33 (ref. to Is. L, 5) לא נַעֲשֵׂיתִי אחור לנבואה I was not behind (any one) in prophecy; a. v. fr.—נ׳ דמים to be valued, priced. B. Mets. l. c.; Kidd. I, 6 כל הנ׳ ד׳ באחר an object upon which a valuation has been set for the purpose of exchange with another object; expl. ib. 28ᵃ כל הנישום וכ׳ the value of which is estimated &c.; a. e.—נעשה כ־ it is to be considered as if, it is as if. Ḥull. 19ᵇ נ׳ כמי ששחט וכ׳ the case is the same as when a gentile begins the slaughtering and an Israelite finishes it. Y. B. Mets. V, 10ᶜ top נ׳ כמשכיר וכ׳ it is to be considered as if he had rented the field to him at a high price; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱשָׂה to cause to do; to order. B. Bath. 9ᵃ, a. e. גדול המַעֲשֶׂה יותר מן העושה greater is he who causes others to do good than he who does good. Ex. R. s. 35 ליתן שכר למעשה כעושה to reward him who causes a good deed like him who does it. Num. R. s. 7 (ref. to Num. V, 4) מעצמן לא הוצרכו שיַעֲשִׂיאוּם משה וכ׳ ‘so did they’ of their own accord, it did not become necessary for Moses and Aaron to make them do it. Tosef. Pes. VIII, 5 שה׳ את הציבור לעשות וכ׳ (ed. Zuck. שעִישָּׂה, Pi.) he ordered the congregation to celebrate the Second Passover; Tosef. Snh. II, 11 שהֶעֱשׂוּ את הצבור (ed. Zuck. שהֶיעֱשׂוּ) they ordered &c. Y. Yoma VI, 43ᵈ top ראו היך הֶעֱשִׂיא את ישראל לעבודה זרה see how he became the cause for Israelites to commit idolatry (to erect a Temple in Egypt); a. e. Pi. עִישָּׂה same, esp. to force; to enforce. Pesik. R. s. 33 השופט דן … מְעַשֶּׂה את הדין the judge decides the law, and the officer (shoṭer) enforces the law. Y. Snh. I, 18ᵈ bot. ע׳ יחזקיהו לציבור לעשות וכ׳ Hezekiah ordered the congregation to celebrate &c.; Tosef. Pes. l. c., v. supra. R. Hash. 6ᵃ ועשית אזהרה לבית דין שיְעַשּׂוּךָ ‘and thou shalt do’ (Deut. XXIII, 24), this is an instruction to the authorities to make thee do it; Y. ib. I, 56ᶜ bot. Keth. 77ᵃ; Y. Gitt. IX, end, 50ᵈ אין מְעַשִּׂין אלא וכ׳ we do not force (a man to divorce his wife) except &c. Ib. ישראל שעִיסּוּ כמעשה גוים if an Israelitish authority forced (divorce) in the way the gentiles do; גוים שעיסו וכ׳ if gentile authorities forced (divorce) in the way Israelites do; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְעוּשֶּׂה. Gitt. IX, 8 גט מע׳ וכ׳ a letter of divorce given under force, if forced by an Israelitish authority, is valid. Ib. 88ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲשֵׂי Pa. עַשֵּׂי same, to force. Gitt. 88ᵇ בני עַשּׂוּיֵי lawfully qualified to force (a divorce). Keth. 50ᵃ עַשִּׂיתִינְהוּ לזניה (read: לזוניה) I caused them (persuaded them, v. Tosaf. a. l.) to support him. Ib. אי אמרת … משום הכי עַשְּׂיִינְהוּ וכ׳ if the law is that they are not bound to support him, then he had to persuade them; but if the law requires them to do it, what necessity was there to persuade them? Ib. 53ᵃ לעַשּׂוּיֵיה נמי is it also permitted to influence him? Ib. מי … עול ועַשְּׂיֵיה עול ולא תְעַשְּׂיֵיה וכ׳ did I say to thee, go in and influence him? I said, go, but do not influence him. Ib. היינו עשייה (read: עַשּׂוּיֵיה), v. עִשּׂוּי; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲשִׂיָּה (preced.) doing, action. Y. Pes. IX, 36ᵈ top (ref. to וחדל לעשות, Num. IX, 13) החדל בשעת ע׳ he who fails (to sacrifice, without being prevented) at the time when the Passover sacrifice is to be done. Ib. חוץ לַעֲשִׂיָּיתוֹ out of the time of doing it. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44ᵃ (ref. to Lev. XXVI, 1) ע׳ בתחלה קימה וכ׳ ‘ye shall not make’ refers to the original making and putting up, ‘ye shall not put up’ means that you must not erect it when it has fallen down. Meg. 17ᵃ, a. e. ע׳ celebrating (Purim, Esth. IX, 27), contrad. to זְכִירָה. Sifré Deut. 212 (ref. to Deut. XXI, 12) נאמר כאן ע׳ ונאמרה ע׳ וכ׳ here is an action mentioned concerning the head, and a doing is named concerning the nails מה ע׳ האמורה וכ׳ as the action concerning the head means removing (the hair), so &c.; Yeb. 48ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. עֲשִׂיּוֹת. Yoma 55ᵃ (ref. to Lev. XVI, 15) שיהיו כל עֲשִׂיּוֹתָיו שוות that all his actions (sprinklings) should be alike. Ib. 71ᵇ, sq.; a. e.—[עשייה, Keth. 53ᵃ, v. עֲשֵׂי.] ↗ expanded

עֲשֵׁין , v. עֲשַׁן ↗ expanded

עַשִּׁין (עֲשַׁן) strong. Targ. Ps. XXIV, 8. Targ. Prov. XXIV, 5 (some ed. עִשּׁוּנָא). Targ. Ps. LXXV, 9 (ed. Wil. עֲשִׁין); a. fr.—Pl. עַשִּׁינִין, עַשִּׁינַיָּא, עֲ׳. Ib. XVIII, 18. Ib. XXX, 8 (ed. Wil. עָ׳; ed. Lag. עושינא, read: עִישּׁוּנָא); a. e.—Fem. עשִּׁינְתָּא, עֲשִׁ׳. Targ. Prov. XVIII, 19 (ed. Wil. עַשִּׁנְתָּא); a. e.—Pl. עַשִּׁינָתָא, עֲשִׁ׳. Ib. IX, 3. Ib. XVIII, 23 hard words (h. text עַוּוּת). ↗ expanded

עשיניות , v. עִשּׁוֹנִית ↗ expanded

*עָשִׁיק (עֲשַׁק; v. P. Sm. 3006 s. v. עשק) perverse, tricky. Targ. Prov. XIV, 2 (Var. ed. Lag. עשיר; h. text נלוז). ↗ expanded

עָשִׁיק (עֲשַׁק; cmp. יקר) very dear, expensive, rare. B. Mets. 52ᵃ (prov.) ע׳ לגביך ושוי וכ׳ for thy body (clothes) buy even what is dear, but for thy stomach, what is reasonable. Ib. 74ᵃ ע׳ עפרא Rashi (ed. עֲשַׁק; Ms. M. לא שכיח) earth (for pottery) was scarce. Ber. 56ᵃ, v. רוּמָּנָא. ↗ expanded

עָשִׁיר substantial, wealthy; rich man. Sabb. 25ᵇ איזהו ע׳ כל שיש לו נחת רוח בעשרו who is rich? He who finds satisfaction in his wealth; Ab. IV, 1; Tam. 32ᵃ. Deut. R. s. 2 (ref. to Prov. XVIII, 23) עֲשִׁירוֹ של עולם the rich One (Owner) of the world. Ib. אדם אם יהא לו קרוב ע׳ וכ׳ if a man’s relative is rich, he owns him, and if poor, he disowns him. Pes. 113ᵃ ע׳ המעשר וכ׳ a rich man who gives away the tenth portion of his income in secret. Ib. 113ᵇ (four are unbearable) דל גאה וע׳ פכחש וכ׳ a poor man that is proud, a rich man that flatters &c.; a. v. fr.—Pl. עֵשִׁירִים, עְשִׁירִין. Erub. 86ᵃ רבי מכבד ע׳ Rabbi paid honor to the rich (for the sake of their charitable mission, ref. to Ps. LXI, 8, v. יָשַׁב). Yoma 35ᵇ רבי … מחייב את הע׳ the example of R. El. b. Ḥarsum condemns the rich (who neglect the law on account of their business occupations). Men. 86ᵃ, a. e. וסימניך ע׳ מקמצין and thy mnemonical sign (v. סִימָן) be: the rich are economical (Rabbi favored the economical practice); a. fr.—Fem. עֲשִׁירָה. Y. Shek. III, end, 47ᶜ; Tosef. Shek. II, 4; a. e.—Pl. עֲשִׁירוֹת. Tanḥ. Toldôth 9 ע׳ הן נאות וכ׳ they are rich, they are handsome &c. ↗ expanded

עשיר , Targ. Prov. XIV, 2 Var., v. עָשִׁיק I. ↗ expanded

עֲשִׂירָאָה = h. עֲשִׂירִי, the tenth. Targ. O. Gen. VIII, 5 (Y. ed. Vien. עֲשִׂירִי). Targ. O. a. Y. II Lev. XXVII, 32 (Y. I עֲשִׂירָיָה); a. fr.—Ber. 5ᵇ, a. e., v. בִּיר.—Fem. עֲשִׂירִיתָא, עֲסִ׳. Targ. Ez. XXIX, 1 (not עֲשִׂירְיָתָא); a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲשִׁירוּת (עָשִׁיר) wealth. Keth. 106ᵇ, a. e. במקום ע׳, v. עֲנִיּוּת. Y. Peah IV, 18ᵃ sq. (ref. to I Chr. XXII, 13 בעניי) שאין ע׳ לפני מי וכ׳ none can claim to be rich before Him who spoke and the world arose. Gitt. 30ᵇ מאי שנא … לע׳ דלא וכ׳ why is it that they made provision for the debtor’s death, and none for the event of his becoming rich? מיתה שכיחא ע׳ וכ׳ death is an ordinary occurrence, becoming rich is not; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲשִׂירִי the tenth. Ber. 8ᵇ תשיעי וע׳ the ninth and the tenth (of Tishri). Bekh. IX, 7 והיוצא ע׳ and the lamb which comes out the tenth. Ib. 8; a. fr.—Fem. עֲשִׂירִית. Yalk. Ex. 261 וכמה הוא ע׳ האיפה and how much is the tenth of an Efah?; a. e. ↗ expanded

עְשִׂירָיָה , v. עֲשִׂירָאָה ↗ expanded

עֲשִׂירִית , v. עֲשִׂירִי, עֲשִׂירָאָה. ↗ expanded

עָשָׁן v. עְשַׁן) [thick, cmp. עָב, אָבָק &c.,] smoke, soot. Ker. 6ᵃ מעלה ע׳ smoke-raiser (name of a plant). Yoma 21ᵇ עֲשַׁן המערכה the smoke rising from the pyre in the Temple; B. Bath. 147ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. עֲשַׁנִּים. Sabb. 23ᵃ כל הע׳ יפין וכ׳ all soots are good for making ink, but that produced by burning olive oil is the best. ↗ expanded

עָשַׁן denom. of preced.) to smoke. Pi. עִישֵּׁן to generate smoke; to fumigate; to burn incense. Sabb. 23ᵃ (ref. to the use of oil for ink) לגבל או לעַשֵּׁן do you mean for kneading it with soot, or for making soot by burning it? Pesik. R. s. 12 והיו מְעַשְּׁנוֹת לפני עכו"ם they burnt incense before idols; Tanḥ. Tol’doth 8 מעשנות ומקטרות וכ׳ raised smoke and burnt perfumes &c. Yeb. 115ᵃ עִישֵּׁינוּ עלינו בית וכ׳ (Ar. עִישְּׁנוּ) they (robbers) filled our house with smoke, filled a cave in which we dwelt with smoke &c. Y. Ber. VI, 12ᵇ bot. במְעַשֵּׁין לפני וכ׳ (not במעשיו) when he burns spices in front of his shop; a. e.—Esp. to fumigate plants. Shebi. II, 2 מְעַשְּׁנִין עד וכ׳ you may fumigate until New Year (of the Sabbatical year). Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ top המְעַשֵּׁן he who fumigates plants (on the Sabbath); a. fr.—Part. pass. מְעוּשָּׁן; f. מְעוּשֶּנֶת; pl. מְעוּשָּׁנִים, מְעוּשָּׁנִין; מְעוּשָּׁנוֹת. Men. VIII, 6 אין מביאין … מע׳ you must not use for libations sweet wine or smoked wine (of fumigated grapes). Y. Bicc. I, 63ᵈ bot. ענבים מאובקות ומע׳ וכ׳ (not מאונ׳) powdered (v. אָבַק) or smoked grapes should not be offered as first-fruits. Ḥull. III, 5 המע׳ an animal that has inhaled smoke; a. e. Hithpa. הִתְעַשֵּׁן to be affected by smoke, taste of smoke. Zeb. 64ᵃ שמא יִתְעַשֵּׁנוּ lest the wine for libations may catch smoke (when carried past the altar pyre). ↗ expanded

עֲשַׁן (cmp. אשן) to be substantial, strong (corresp. to h. עזז, v. עַז). Targ. Ps. LII, 9 עֲשַׁן Ms. (ed. עֲשִׁין). Ib. LXXXIX, 14 (ed. Wil. תַּעְשֵׁן Af.); a. e. Af. אַעְשֵׁן to strengthen, make substantial. Targ. Prov. VIII, 28 (ed. Wil. אַעְשִׂין, corr. acc.); a. e. Ithpa. אִתְעַשֵּׁן, Ithpe. אִתְעֲשַׁן to become strong. Targ. Y. Num. XXV, 8. to exhibit one’s strength. Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 29 (h. text עוזה). to boast of one’s strength, be impudent. Ib. IX, 20. ↗ expanded

עָשְׁנָא (preced.) = h. עֹז, strength. Targ. Ps. XXI, 2 בעָשְׁנָךְ (Ms. בעוּשְׁ׳). Ib. VIII, 3. Ib. XXIX, 1 Ms. (ed. עִישּׁוּנָא; ed. Wil. עֻשָּׁנָא). Targ. Prov. X, 15; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַשִּׁנְתָּא , v. עַשִּׁין ↗ expanded

עשֶׁף , v. עוֹשֶׁף ↗ expanded

עָשַׁק (b. h.) [to press, twist,] to wrong, esp. to withhold what is due to a fellowman; to deny a debt. B. Mets. 111ᵃ (ref. to Lev. V, 21) או עשק כתיב שעֲשָׁקוֹ כבר we read, ‘or if he have withheld’, which means that he had wronged him ere this (when he denied his indebtedness). Koh. R. to IV, 6 טוב … גוזל וחומס ועוֹשֵׁק ועושה וכ׳ better is he who does a little good with what is his own, than he who robs and does violence and oppresses, and does much good with what belongs to others. Succ. 29ᵇ עוֹשְׁקֵי שכר שכיר those who withhold the hired man’s wages, different from כובשי וכ׳ (v. כָּבַשׁ) who defer paying &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲשַׁק same. Targ. O. Lev. V, 21 עשק ed. Berl. (oth. ed. אנס). Ib. 23. Targ. Am. IV, 1; a. fr.—Part. pass. עָשִׁיק. to pervert, v. עָשִׁיק I. I. (cmp. יקר) to be outrageously dear, v. עָשִׁיק II. ↗ expanded

עשֶׁק , v. עוֹשֶׁק, עוּשְׁקָא. ↗ expanded

עָשַׁר (cmp. עֲשַׁן) to be strong, substantial, wealthy. Hif. הֶעֱשִׁיר (denom. of (denom. of עָשִׁיר) to become wealthy. B. Bath. 25ᵇ ושיַעֲשִׁיר and he who desires to become rich. Ber. 33ᵃ הֶעֱשִׁירוּ קבעוה וכ׳ when they became wealthy, they made it a custom to recite the Habdalah over a cup. Meïl. 17ᵃ, v. עָנָה II, Hif. Ned. 38ᵃ לא ה׳ משה וכ׳ Moses became rich from the chips of the tablets; a. fr. to make rich. Keth. 48ᵃ לאו כל הימנו שיעשיר וכ׳ he is not permitted to enrich his children and throw himself on the charities. Ḥull. 84ᵇ (expl. עשתרת, Deut. VII, 13) שמַעֲשִׁירוֹת את בעליהן Ar. (ed. שמְעַשְּׁרוֹת, Pi.) for they make their owners rich; Yalk. Deut. 848 שמעשרות. Cant. R. to VII, 11 (ref. to תעשרנה, Ps. LXV, 10) אם זכיתם תַּעֲשִׁיֶרנָּה ואם לאו תְּעַשְּׂרֶנָּה וכ׳ if you deserve well (it reads:) ‘thou makest her rich’, if not, ‘thou reducest her to one-tenth’, that she yield you only one-tenth; a. e. Pi. עִישֵּׁר same; v. supra. B. Bath. l. c., v. infra. Hithpa. הִתְעַשֵּׁר, Nithpa. נִתְעַשֵּׁר to become rich. Sabb. 119ᵃ; Taan. 9ᵃ (play on עשר תעשר, Deut. XIV, 22) עַשֵּׂר בשביל שתִּתְעַשֵּׂר give tithes in order that thou become rich. B. Bath. l. c. מתוך שמתחכם מִתְעַשֵּׁר for when he grows wise, he will also grow rich; (Ms. M. חכמתו מְעַשַּׁרְתּוֹ his wisdom makes him rich). Pes. 50ᵇ עשרים … שלא יִתְעַשְּׁרוּ שאילמלי מִתְעַשְּׁרִין וכ׳ the men of the Great Assembly held twenty-four fasts to pray that the copyists of sacred books &c. might not become rich, for if they grew rich, they would not write; a. fr.—[2) (b. h.) to pretend to be rich, to pass for a rich man. Men. 85ᵇ. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXIV.] ↗ expanded

עֲשַׁר ch. same (mostly עֲתַר). Ithpa. אִתְעַשֵּׁר to become rich. Gitt. 30ᵇ, v. אֲשַׁר. ↗ expanded

עשֶׁר , v. עוֹשֶׁר ↗ expanded

עֶשֶׂר (b. h.) ten. Ab. V, 1, v. מַאֲמָר. Ex. R. s. 15, a. fr. עשר מכות (not עשרה) the ten Egyptian plagues. Ib. ע׳ אנשים ten men; a. v. fr.—In compounds עָשָׂר, עֶשְׂרֵה, as אַחַד ע׳ eleven, שְׁנֵים ע׳ twelve &c. R. Hash. I, 1 בחמשה ע׳ בו on the fifteenth day of it (the month of Shebat). Pes. I, 1 אור לארבעה ע׳, v. אוֹר II; a. v. fr.—Pl. עֶשְׂרִים twenty. B. Bath. 107ᵃ ואחד אומר בע׳ and one of the experts says, it is worth twenty (Selaim). Ab. V, 21 בן ע׳ לרריף at the age of twenty years it is time to hunt (for a living); a. v. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲשַׂר 1 (also עֲסַר; עַסְרָא) ch. same. Targ. Gen. XLV, 23 (Y. also עֶשֶׂר; O. ed. Berl. עש׳, oth. ed. עס׳); a. fr.—חַד עֲשַׂר, חַד עֲסַר (contr. חַדְסַר) eleven; תרתי סרי twelve &c.—Pl. עַשְׂרִין, עַסְרִין, עֶ׳. Targ. Gen. XXXI, 38. Targ. Num. X, 11 בע׳ on the twentieth; a. fr.—B. Bath. 106ᵇ הויא ע׳ גריוי it contains twenty g’rivas (v. גְּרִיוָא); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עָשַׂר , Pi. עִשֵּׂר (b. h.; to give one-tenth, separate tithes. Sabb. 119ᵃ עַשִּׁר וכ׳, v. עָשַׁר. Maasr. IV, 2 ושכחו לעַשְּׂרָן but had forgotten to pay the tithe of them. Sabb. II, 7 עִשַּׂרְתֶּם have you set aside tithes (of what you intend to use for the Sabbath)? Ib. ספק … אין מְעַשְּׂרִין את הודאי if it is doubtful whether or not night has set in, you must not separate the tithes of what is sure to be subject to tithes (v. דְּמַאי); a. v. fr.—Part. pass. מְעוּשָּׂר; f. מְעוּשֶּׂרֶת; pl. מְעוּשָּׂרִים, מְעוּשָּׂרִין; מְעוּשָּׂרוֹת. Bekh. IX, 7 (קפץ אחד) מן המע׳ לתוכן if one of those (lambs) which have been set aside as tithe, leaped among the flock. Ib. הרי אלו מע׳ they (the flock) are considered as tithed; a. fr. to reduce to one-tenth. Cant. R. to VII, 11, v. עָשַׁר. Nif. נֶעֱשַׂר, Hithpa. הִתְעַשֵּׂר, , Nithpa. נִתְעַשֵּׂר to be tithed. Maasr. l. c. עד שיֵעָשְׂרוּ (Ms. M. שיִתְעַשְּׂרוּ) until they are tithed. Ib. 5 מִתְעַשֶּׂרֶת זרע וכ׳ must be tithed as seed, as vegetables (if the leaves are used) &c. Bekh. IX, 1 ואינן מִתְעַשְּׂרִים מזה על זה and they (large cattle and small cattle) cannot be tithed one for the other. Ib. 53ᵇ אין דין שיִתְעַשְּׂרוּ זה מזה should we not conclude that they may be tithed one for the other?; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲשַׂר 2 Pa. עַשֵּׂר, עַסֵּר same, to tithe. Targ. Deut. XIV, 22. Ib. XXVI, 12 (Y. II למַעַשְׂרָא Af.).—Yeb. 93ᵃ ע׳ מפירי דביתיה עילויהו he set aside as tithes from the produces in his house on behalf of those (that were to come in). Ib. לעַשּׂוּרֵי ומיכל as regards tithing and eating; a. e. ↗ expanded

עַשְׂרָא , v. עֲשַׂר I ↗ expanded

עֲשָׂרָה , v. עֶשֶׂר ↗ expanded

עִשָּׂרוֹן preced. wds.) one-tenth of an Ephah, ʿissaron. Men. XIII, 1 הרי עלי ע׳ וכ׳ if a person says, ‘I vow an ʿissaron, he must offer one minḥah. Ib. 2 מנחה של ששים ע׳ a meal offering of sixty ʿissarons; a. fr.—Pl. עֶשְׂרוֹנִים, עֶשְׂרוֹנוֹת. Ib. 1 ע׳ יביא וכ׳ (Bab. ed. 104ᵇ עשרונות) if a person says, ‘I vow ʿesronim, he must offer two minḥahs. Ib. יביא מנחות של ע׳ מאחד ועד ששים he must bring (sixty) offerings of ʿesronim, beginning with one ʿissaron and progressing up to sixty; a. e. ↗ expanded

עִשְׂרוֹנָא Targ. Num. XXVIII, 13; a. fr.—Pl. עִשְׂרוֹנִין, עִסְ׳, עֶ׳. Ib. 12; a. fr. ↗ expanded

עֲשִׂרָיָה , v. עֲשִׂירָאָה ↗ expanded

עֲשִׂרִית , v. עֲשִׂירִי, עֲשִׂירָאָה. ↗ expanded

עֲשֶׂרֶת constr. (b. h.; group of ten. Sabb. 86ᵇ ע׳ הדברות the ten words (commandments); a. fr.—Pl. עֲשָׂרוֹת, עֲשָׂרִיּוֹת. Snh. 18ᵃ שרי ע׳ ששת רבוא the number of the chiefs of ten (Ex. XVIII, 21) was sixty thousand; Mekh. Yithro, ʿĂmal., s. 2; Tanḥ. Mishp. 6. Tanḥ. Emor 24 (Chald. dict.) זיל כנוש עֲשָׂרִיּוֹתֶיךָ go and gather thy divisions of ten. ↗ expanded

עֲשַׂרְתָּא constr. עֲשֶׂרֶת same. Targ. Esth. III, 9; a. e.—Pesik. R. s. 18 נצחון ע׳ מניכון לע׳ אלפין וכ׳ (not מיניכון) your ten manahs’ worth (of a barley offering) will overcome my ten thousand (talents of silver); a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲשַׂרְתֵּי same. Targ. Esth. IX, 10; 12. Targ. Y. Gen. II, 2 (ed. Vien. עִישְׂרְתֵי). Targ. Y. Deut. IV, 13 עִישַׂרְתֵּי; a. e. ↗ expanded

עֲשָׁשִׁית (v. אָשַׁשׁ a. עֶשֶׁת) ע׳ של ברזל wrought iron, bar, ball.—Pl. עֲשָׁשִׁיּוֹת. Yoma 34ᵇ ע׳ של ברזל וכ׳ lumps of wrought iron were heated for the high priest on the eve of the Day of Atonement; Tosef. ib. I, 20 (Var. עששית); Y. ib. III, 40ᶜ עֲשָׁשׁוֹת. Ab. Zar. 16ᵃ אין מוכרין להם ע׳ וכ׳ we must not sell them (the Romans) iron bars, … because they forge arms out of them (expl. פרזלא הינדואה, v. הִינְדָּוָא). Snh. 108ᵇ יש לנו ע׳ וכ׳ we have iron plates with which we can pave the ground (to prevent water coming up). (v. אֶשֶׁשׁ) glass ball, crystal, reflector, lantern. Ber. 25ᵇ בע׳ covered with a translucent substance. Ib. 53ᵃ ע׳ שהיתה דולקת וכ׳ a lantern which has been burning the whole day (of the Sabbath); Y. ib. VI, 12ᵇ bot. R. Hash. 24ᵃ ראינוהו בע׳ we have seen the reflection of the moon in a crystal, v. אֶשֶׁשׁ; a. e.—Pl. as ab. Sabb. 154ᵇ היתה בהמתו … וע׳ if his beast is laden with … glass lumps, expl. ib. בבולסא, v. בּוּלְסָא. ↗ expanded

עֲשָׁשִׁית ² , crystal, glass ball. Targ. Cant. V, 14.—Tanḥ. Vaëra 14 (ref. to מתלקחת, Ex. IX, 24) כהדין ע׳ דמיא וכ׳ (= קנדילא דע׳) like (the light in) the glass in which water and oil are mixed together, and the light burns within; Ex. R. s. 12; Cant. R. to III, 11 להדא עֲשָׁאשִׁיתָא דקנדילא; Num. R. s. 12 כהדא שָׁאשִׁיתָא וכ׳; Pesik. Vayhi, p. 3ᵇ שאשתא (Ar. שָׁשִׁיתָא). Y. Sabb. II, beg. 4ᶜ. ששיתא. ↗ expanded

עֲשַׁת (cmp. עשש) to make strong, harden, forge.—[Dan. VI, 4 עֲשִׁית firmly determined.] Ithpa. אִתְעַשֵּׁת, Ithpe. אִתְעֲשַׁת (denom. of תעשת = next w.) to forge; trnsf. (cmp. חָרַשׁ) to plan, devise. Targ. Is. XXXII, 6. Ib. XXXIII, 11. Targ. Jer. V, 26. Targ. II Sam. XX, 15. ↗ expanded

עֶשֶׁת , v. עֲשָׁשִׁית) wrought metal, bar; polished block. Kel. XI, 3, opp. to חֲרָרָה. Tosef. Ḥull. I, 18; Tosef. Men. IX, 18 מנורה … אלא מן הע׳ the candlestick in the Temple is not fit unless made out of a (gold) bar, opp. גְּרוּטָאוֹת; Men. 28ᵃ מן הע׳ ומן הזהב out of a bar and out of gold; Yalk. Ex. 369 מן הע׳ מן הזהב. Ib.; Men. l. c. חצוצרות מן הע׳ מן הכסף the trumpets were made out of silver bars; Tosef. l. c. 19 [read:] אלא מן הע׳ מן הכסף, contrad. to גוש raw ore. Cant. R. to V, 14 מה ע׳ שן זו עושין ממנה כמה יתדות וכ׳ (not זה) as out of a bar of shen (marble?) you make ever so many pegs, spears &c. Yalk. Cant. 991 (ref. to Cant. l. c.) אלו ספרי תורה … לע׳ שן וכ׳ (some ed. לעשות, corr. acc.) this refers to the scrolls of the Law which resemble a column of marble which is adorned with sapphires.—Pl. עַשְׁתּוֹת. Sifré Num. 160 השליך עליו ע׳ וגולמים if he threw at him metal balls or lumps, opp. to כלי; Yalk. ib. 787. ↗ expanded

עֶשְׁתּוֹנָא (preced. wds.; b. h. pl.) forge; trnsf. plan, device.—Pl. עֶשְׁתּוֹנִין, עִישְׁ׳. Targ. Is. XXXIII, 11 (ed. Lag. עיש׳). Ib. XLI, 29 (ed. Lag. עיש׳; h. text נסכ׳). Ib. LV, 7 (ed. Lag. עיש׳); a. fr. ↗ expanded

עַשְׁתּוֹר Bar ʿAshtor, the progenitor of a family of converts. Y. Bicc. I, 64ᵃ top אילין דבר ע׳ וכ׳ those of the family of B. A. who are converts, sons of converts. Ib. קיימה בנימין בר ע׳ וכ׳ one Benjamin B. A. stood before us (was admitted as witness) in the case of &c.; ib. בר אשתור. Y. Dem. VI, 25ᵇ top. ↗ expanded

עַשְׁתְּרוֹת (b. h.) pr. n. Ashteroth Ḳarnayim, name of a glen whither the sun cannot penetrate. Succ. 2ᵃ ↗ expanded

עֵת , v. עוּד; or of ענת, v. עוֹנָה I) [duration, turn,] ʿEth, the twenty-fourth part of an ʿonah. Tosef. Ber. I, 1; a. e., v. עוֹנָה I. time. Pes. 109ᵃ; מימיו לא אמר הגיע עת לעמוד וכ׳ never in his life did he (R. ʿAḳiba) say, it is time to rise from (leave) the house of study, except &c.; Succ. 28ᵃ. Ber. 8ᵃ (ref. to Ps. LXIX, 14) אימתי עת רצון בשעה וכ׳ when is the time of favor? When the congregation is at prayer. Taan. 24ᵇ שמע מינה עת רצון היא I learn from this (dream) that this is an auspicious time for prayer. Yeb. 72ᵃ עת רצון מילתא היא there is something in the idea of a time of favor for prayer; a. fr.—מֵעֵת לָעֵת (abbrev. מעל"ע) the time of twenty-four astronomical hours. Nidd. I, 1 מעל"ע ממעטת עליד מפקידה לפקידה וכ׳ the term of twenty-four hours (of retrospective uncleanness) reduces the term of the interval from one examination to the other &c., i.e. we go by the shorter term whichever it may be. Ḥull. 51ᵇ; Zeb. 74ᵇ צריכה מעל"ע requires the intervening of twenty-four hours (before it may be slaughtered); a. fr.—Pl. עִתִּים, עִתּוֹת, עִי׳. R. Hash. 28ᵃ ע׳ חלים ע׳ שוטה (Tosef. Ter. I, 3 פעמים), v. חָלַם I. Tam. I, 2 לא כל הע׳ שוות the time (for the appearance of the superintendent) was not always the same. Y. Ber. IX, end, 14ᵈ (ref. to Ps. CXIX, 126) העושה תורתו ע׳ … מיפר ברית he who makes the study of the Law a matter of time, destroys the covenant. Sabb. 31ᵃ בשעה … נשאת ונתת באמונה קבעת ע׳ לתורה when man is brought up for judgment, he is asked, hast thou been dealing with integrity? hast thou had regular times for the study of the Law? Snh. 65ᵇ ע׳ ושעות, v. עוּן; a. e.—לְעִיתּוֹתֵי עֶרֶב at the evening appointments (when labor is stopped, the work reviewed, wages paid &c.), in gen. towards evening. Tosef. Ab. Zar. VII (VIII), 10; Bab. Ber. 65ᵃ. Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ top. Y. Succ. IV, beg. 54ᵇ. Y. Yeb. XVI, 15ᵈ top לציצותי, Var. לציתותי (read: לציתותי ערב); a. e. ↗ expanded

Jastrow (original) — ע (1519)