כKaf, the eleventh letter of the Alphabet. It interchanges with ג q. v.; with ק, e.g. כּוֹבַע a. קוֹבַע; with ח, cmp. חבש a. כבש a. derivatives. ↗ expanded
כְּ־ prefix, h. (v. כֵּן) as, like. Targ. Gen. IX, 3. Targ. Hos. IV, 9; a. v. fr.—Ber. I, 2 כאדם וכ׳ like one reading in the Torah. Ib. 3 כדרכו as usual; a. v. fr.— whereas. Tosef. Snh. II, 6 כגוזלייא … וכאימרייא וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. דגוזלייא … ואמרייא, as Snh. 11ᵃ, Y. ib. I, 18ᵈ top) whereas the spring pigeons are yet tender &c.—[Ib. 5 בגוזלייא וכ׳.]—[Compound particles כְּדֵי, כְּוָת &c., v. s. vv. or second component.—ך as affix, frequ. indicating place (כ locale) or instrument, as בָּזָךְ, דוּךְ, אוּשְׁפְּזִיכָא &c.] ↗ expanded
כָּא (b. h. כֹּה, v. preced.) adverb of place: here, v. הָכָא; of time: now. Targ. Gen. XXII, 5. Targ. Job XXXVIII, 11; a. fr.—Y. Ber. IV, 7ᶜ top וכא אמר הכין and here he says so? Ib. וכה; a. v. fr.—לְכָא hither; מִיכָּאfrom here. Targ. Josh. VIII, 20. Targ. Ex. XVII, 12; a. fr.—Y. Bets. V, 63ᵃ פצל … לכא ולכא skimmed the water in both directions. Y. B. Mets. VI, 11ᵃ top מיכא ללוד from here to Lydda; a. fr.—v. אִיכָּא, לִיכָּא &c.; כַּאַן, כַּן &c. ↗ expanded
כָּאֵב (b. h.) to be heavy, to feel pain. Y. Sabb. IX, 12ᵃ ib. XIX, 17ᵃ bot. (ref. to Gen. XXXIV, 25) בהיותו כּוֹאֵב כל איבריהם כּוֹאֲבִים עליהם … it does not say, ‘when it (the wound) was painful’, but …, which intimates that all their limbs pained them. Hif. הִכְאִיבto cause pain, grief. Ex. R. s. 3 (ref. to Ex. III, 7) ידעתי … להַכְאִיבֵנִי וכ׳ I know how much they will grieve me &c. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XII שלא להַכְאִיבוֹ so as to make him feel no pain. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCIV (ref. to Prov. III, 12) א"ת וּכְאָב אלא וּכְאֵב … שמַכְאִיבוֹ read not ukh’ab (and like a father) but ukh’eb (and pain), when He sends him pain. ↗ expanded
כְּאֵב 1 Targ. Prov. XIV, 13.—Part. כָּאֵב, כָּאֵיב, כָּיֵב. Targ. Job XIV, 22. Targ. Ps. LXIX, 30; a. fr.—Targ. Jer. IV, 19 כֵּיבִין (ed. Lag. כָּיְיבָן).—B. Kam. 46ᵇ מאן דכאיב ליה כאיבא וכ׳ Ms. F. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note, Ms. H. כיבא) he who feels sick, goes to the physician. Ib. 85ᵇ הוה כ׳ ליה מידי וסליק ואיתיב וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ואייתי) he had a sore and it was going away, and one put on a corrodent drug for him &c., v. חֲוַר. Gitt. 68ᵇ כָּיֵיב; a. fr.—B. Kam. 35ᵃ כיבין, v. חִינְכֵי. Pa. כַּאֵיב, כַּיֵּיבto cause pain, wound, grieve. Lam. R. to II, 1 translating יעיב, ib.) איך כ׳ וכ׳ how did the Lord wound &c., v. כֵּיבָא. ↗ expanded
כְּאֵב 2preced.) heaviness, pain. Ber. 55ᵃ כ׳ לב heaviness of heart (fretfulness). Gen. R. s. 67, end כ׳ על כ׳ grief added to grief; a. e. grievous offence. Deut. R. s. 3 (ref. to מכאביו, Ex. III, 7) יודע אני מה כ׳ וכ׳ I know what grievous offence they are going to commit, v. כָּאֵב. ↗ expanded
כְּאֵבָאsame. Targ. Prov. X, 10. Targ. Is. LXV, 14.—[Targ. Job XXXI, 18 כְּאֵבָא Ms. (ed. הֵיךְ כְּאַבָּא.]—B. Kam. 46ᵇ, v. כְּאֵב I; a. e. sick, sufferer. Targ. Ps. LXIX, 30; a. fr.—Pl. כְּאֵבִין, כְּאֵבַיָּא, כְּאֵי׳, כֵּי׳. Targ. Ez. XXXIV, 4. [Targ. Jer. IV, 19, V. כְּאֵב I.]—V. כֵּיבָא. ↗ expanded
כַּאַן (v. כָּא) here; now. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᶜ bot., a. e. כ׳ נתפלל וכ׳ here (in this inn) did my father say the prayer of &c. Bets. IV, 7 מִכַּ׳ ועד כ׳ from here to there (will I use). Ber. I, 2, a. fr. מכ׳ ואילך, v. אֵילֵךְ. Snh. IX, 1 ולאחר מכ׳ and subsequently; a. fr.—מכ׳ אמרו (חכמים) from this originates what the scholars said. Ab. I, 5; a. fr.—מִכַּ׳ ל־, מִכַּ׳ ש־ from this is derived, do we learn. Ber. 64ᵃ מכ׳ לבעל וכ׳ from this (that Jacob is mentioned and not his ancestors) we learn that the owner of the beam must carry the heaviest side of it. B. Mets. 87ᵃ מכ׳ שצדיקים אומרים וכ׳ from this we see that the righteous promise little &c.; a. fr.—כ׳ … כ׳ here (in this case) …, there (in another place, in that case). Succ. 44ᵇ; a. v. fr.—Contr. כַּן, with pref. מ, מִיכַּן. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᶜ top [read:] כן ליחיד כן לציבור in this case (when Levi disfavored many prayers), it is meant for individuals, in the other case, it is meant for congregations.—Y. Erub. VII, 24ᵇ bot. מ׳ ומ׳ on both sides; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כַּאר (Pers. khar, ḥar) ass. Snh. 98ᵃ, v. הֲזָר. ↗ expanded
כַּבָּבָא (preced.) burning to coals, charring. Zeb. 46ᵇ לאפוקי כ׳ (Ms. M. בטבא, some ed. חטבא) to exclude charring the meat (instead of burning it to ashes); Yalk. Lev. 445 כבתה (corr. acc.).—V. כִּיבָּא. ↗ expanded
כָּבֵד 1 (b. h.) to be heavy, weighty, important; cmp. יָקַר. Pi. כִּבֵּר, כִּי׳to honor, hold precious; to show honor. Ab. IV, 1 איזהו מכובד המְכַבֵּד וכ׳ who will be honored? He who honors men. Sabb. 113ᵇ ר"י קרי למאניה מְכַבְּדוֹתַי Rabbi Joh. called his garments ‘my honorers’; B. Kam. 91ᵇ; Snh. 94ᵃ; a. fr.—Ber. 46ᵇ bot. אין מְכַבְּדִין וכ׳ we must not show honors (saying, ‘you go first’) on highroads &c. Part. pass. מְכוּבָּד, pl. מְכוּבָּדִים, מְכוּבָּדִין. Ab. l. c., v. supra. Ib. 6 כל המכבד … גופו מ׳ על וכ׳ he who honors the Law, will himself be honored of men. Ber. 60ᵇ, v. infra. Ab. Zar. III, 3, v. בָּזָה; a. fr. (cmp. אִיקְרָא, יְקַר) to offer a gift. Tanḥ. Vayḥi 13 שמְכַבְּדִין מפירותיהם וכ׳ they offer of their fruits to kings; Gen. R. s. 99, end והם מבכרין (corr. acc.); a. e. [to make look respectable,] to sweep, adjust the room. Ber. VIII, 4 מכבדיו את הבית וכ׳ (after meal) the room is put in order (the crumbs swept), and then &c. Bets. II, 7 (22ᵇ) מכבדין בין המטות (Bab. ed. בית המטות) (on Holy Days) you may sweep between the dining couches (the dining room); Y. ib. II, 61ᶜ bot. Tam. V, 5 היה מְכַבְּדָן לאמה one swept them (the coals) into the duct; a. fr.—Mikv. VIII, 4 כִּיבְּדָֹה את, הבית, v. בַּיִת 6.—[Ruth R. end וכבד some ed., read: וכָבַר.] Hithpa. הִתְכַּבֵּד,Nithpa. נִתְכַּבֵּדto be honored; to pride, exalt one’s self. Gen. R. s. 1 כל המִתְכַּבֵּד בקלון וכ׳ whoever elevates himself at the expense of his neighbor’s degradation, has no share in the world to come; Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᶜ. Meg. 28ᵃ מימי לא נִתְכַּבַּדְתִּי וכ׳ I never elevated myself &c. Ber. 60ᵇ הִתְכַּבְּדוּ מכובדים be in honor dismissed, you honored ones (angels); a. e.—2) to be cleaned, swept; to be dressed, adorned. Pes. 7ᵃ שוקי … עשויין להתכ׳ וכ׳ the streets of Jerusalem used to be swept every day. Y. Nidd. I, beg. 48ᵈ כמבוי שהוא מתכבד וכ׳ like an alley which is regularly swept and flushed. Bab. Nidd. 56ᵃ חזקתז מתכבד it is presumed to be clean. Num. R. s. 13 לאכול ולשתות ולהתכבד to eat and drink and dress. [Tosef. Ter. X, 15 ליכבד, read with ed. Zuck. ליכבר, v. כָּבַר.] Hif. הִכְבִּידto be heavy. Naz. I, 2 ה׳ שערו if his hair is too heavy on him. to make heavy. Ex. R. s. 9; Tanḥ. Vaera 12 (play on כָּבֵד, Ex. VII, 14, a. הִכָּבְדִי XIV, 18) בלשון שהִכְבֵּדְתָּ בו בלשון אני מתכבד with the same expression (כבד) with which thou didst make heavy (Israel’s yoke), I shall be honored; Tanḥ. ed. Bub. ib. 14 שהכבדת את לבך wherewith thou didst harden thy heart. to grow worse, be very sick (cmp. טָעַן II), opp. היקל. Snh. IX, 1 ה׳ ומת grew worse and died; ib. 78ᵇ; a. e. to sweep. Num. R. s. 23; Tanḥ. Masʿé 13 הִכְבִּידָן he swept (drove) them out, v. מַכְבֵּד a. הָמַם. ↗ expanded
כְּבַד ; Pa. כַּבֵּידto clean, sweep. Nidd. 56ᵃ bot. כַּבִּיד ולא בדיק (= כַּבְּדִי) I swept (the alley) but did not search (for unclean objects). Ithpa. אִתְכַּבֵּדto be swept. Ib. 56ᵇ גומה לא מתכבדא a cavity is not swept (the broom does not strike it). Af. אַכְבֵּיד (v. כָּבֵד III) to irritate, grieve. Targ. Prov. XVII, 25 ed. Lag. (ed. Ven. מכביר, Ms. מככיר, h. text כעס). ↗ expanded
כָּבֵד 2 (preced. wds.) weight, pressure. Ḥag. 21ᵃ כְּבֵידוֹ של כלי the pressure of the (inner) vessel. Snh. 63ᵇ; Meg. 25ᵇ (sarcasm on כבודו, Hos. X, 5) א"ת כְּבוֹדוֹ אלא כְּבֵידוֹ (Ms. M. כּוֹבְדוֹ) read not ‘his dignity’ but ‘his weight’ for it is gone, i.e. the idol’s weight is reduced; Yalk. Is. 326 כְּבֵדוֹ. importance, v. כָּבוֹד. ↗ expanded
כָּבֵד 3 c. (b. h.; preced. wds.) [heaviness, seat of anger and melancholy,] liver. Ber. 61ᵇ top כ׳ כועס ומרה וכ׳ the liver is excited, and the gall pours a drop over it and quiets it. Ḥull. III, 1 ניטל הכ׳; ib. 2 ניטלה הכ׳ if the liver of an animal is gone. Arakh. V, 2 (20ᵃ) ערך כְּבֵדִי עלי (Bab. ed. כְּבֵידִי) I vow the value of my liver (being a vital organ); a. fr. ↗ expanded
כַּבְדָּא Targ. Ex. XXIX, 13; 22. Targ. Lam. II, 11; a. e.—Ḥull. 109ᵇ; a. fr.—Koh. R. to XII, 7; Lam. R. introd. (R. Josh. 2) וחמי בכַבְדֵּיה, v. אִימַּר↗ expanded
כָּבוֹדimportance. Arakh. 18ᵃ ולידון בכְבוֹדוֹ (Ar. בכבידו) and that the value of a limb be judged according to its importance (vitality); ib. 4ᵇ; B. Mets. 114ᵃ honor, respect; dignity. Ber. 19ᵇ, a. e., v. חָלַק. Ib. משום כְּבוֹד מלכים on account of the respect due to royalty. Ib.; Men. 37ᵇ גדול כְּ׳ הבריות וכ׳ human dignity (in proper appearance) is very important, for it may even suspend a Biblical law. Ber. l. c. ואינו לפי כְבוֹרוֹ and it is not becoming his dignity (to drive an ass). Sot. 13ᵃ הניחו לו כְּבוֹדוֹ במלכים יותר וכ׳ let him alone, the honor shown to him (Jacob) by princes is higher than that by private men. Ib. נהגו בהן כ׳ they treated them with respect. Ned. 39ᵇ בכְבוֹדִי לא מחיתם בכְ׳ וכ׳ as long as My honor was concerned, you did not interfere, and when the honor of a human being is at stake &c. Ab. IV, 12 יהי כְ׳ תלמידך וכ׳ let the honor of thy pupil be as dear to thee as thine own, and thy fellow student’s honor as that of thy teacher; a. v. fr.—כסא הכ׳, v. כִּסֵּא. מחל על כבודוto forego due honors, v. מָחַל. ↗ expanded
כָּבוּל 1 (b. h.) pr. n. Cabul, אֶרֶץ כ׳ a district in Northern Palestine presented by Solomon to Hiram, king of Tyre. Sabb. 54ᵃ, v. כָּבַל, כְּבַל, כַּבְלָא. Cabul, (Kābūl,) a place south-east of Accho. Tosef. M. Kat. II, 15; Tosef. Sabb. VII (VIII), 17; Y. Pes. IV, 30ᵈ top; Bab. Pes. 51ᵃ ↗ expanded
כָּבוּל 2 (כָּבַל) (cmp. אִיסְטְמָא) hair-net, a cap worn under the head-dress. Sabb. VI, 1; 5.—Y. ib. 7ᵈ ולא בכבולי טבזסה, read: ולא בכ׳ שבכה ‘and not in a Kabul’ (Mish. l. c.), that is a hair-net. Bab. ib. 57ᵇ כ׳ זה איני יודע אי וכ׳ this Kabul (Mish. l. c.) I do not know whether it means a slave’s chain &c. chain.—Pl. כְּבוּלִיןchain-works for drawing water. Tosef. Mikv. IV, 2. ↗ expanded
כביto grow dim, to be extinguished, go out. Sabb. 21ᵃ כָּבְתָה זקוק לה if the Ḥănuckah light went out, he is bound to attend to it. Y. Yoma II, 39ᵈ קטורת שכָּבַת frankincense which went out (was not entirely burnt). Sabb. 30ᵇ מוטב תִּכְבֶּה נרו וכ׳ it is better that a human light (candle) be extinguished, than that God’s light (life) be extinguished; a. fr. Pi. כִּיבָּה, (כִּיבָּא) כִּבָּהto extinguish. Ib.ᵃ לא יְכַבֶּה ואם כִּבָּה פטור he must not put it out, but if he did &c. Ib. II, 5 המְכַבֶּה את הנר he who puts the (Sabbath) lamp out. Gen. R. s. 68 (play on כי בא, Gen. XXVIII, 11) כִּיבָּא השמש (some ed. כיבה) He extinguished the sun (made the sun set earlier). Tosef. Sabb. XIII (XIV), 9 נכרי שבא לכַבּוֹת אין אומ׳ לו כַּבֵּה ואל תְּכַבֶּה if a gentile comes (on the Sabbath) to extinguish (a fire), we say to him neither ‘extinguish’ nor ‘do not’. Gen. R. l. c. אמר המלך כַּבּוּ וכ׳ (not כיבו) said the king, put out &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּבִי [Sabb. 21ᵇ כבתה; ib. 30ᵃ לכבות, h. forms.] Pa. כַּבֵּיto extinguish. Ber. 58ᵃ וכַבִּינְהוּ לעיניה Ar. (Ms. M. ונכבינהו, corr. acc.; ed. חברוהי כחלינהו וכ׳) dimmed his eye-sight, v. בּוֹטְטָא. Ib. 60ᵇ bot. אתא … כַּבְּיֵיה לשרגיה there came a wind and put out his lamp. Sabb. 44ᵃ אתי לכַבּוּיֵי he may be induced to extinguish the fire; Yoma 85ᵃ ↗ expanded
כְּבֵינָא (part. pass. of כבן) = h. רחל הכבונה (v. כָּבַן) a sheep wearing a wrap, fine sheep. Targ. Ez. XXVII, 18 (cmp. Shebu. 6ᵇ, s. v. כָּבַן). ↗ expanded
כְּבֵינָה (כָּבַן) brooch or buckle. B. Bath. IX, 7 תנו כְבֵינָתִי וכ׳ give my brooch to my daughter. ↗ expanded
כְּבֵינְתָּא , pl. כְּבֵינָתָא (Ar. (v. preced. wds.) a garment pinned or buckled on. Targ. Is. III, 23 (h. text רדידים; cmp. περόνημα). ↗ expanded
כְּבִיסָה (כָּבַס) washing. Y. Shebi. VIII, 38ᵇ top כְּבִיסָתָן וחיי אחרים וכ׳ as between the use of the spring for their (the inhabitants’) washing purposes and for strangers’ living (drinking purposes); a. fr.—[Mikv. VIII, 1, v. כְּבִישָׁה.] (also כְּבוּסָה) water mixed with alkaline substances, lye-water &c. Tosef. Shebi. VI, 25 פירות שביעית המשרה ולא לתוך הכ׳ … produces of the Sabbath year must not be used for an infusion nor for preparing lye-water; Succ. 40ᵃ; B. Kam. 102ᵃ; Y. Shebi. l. c.—Pl. כְּבִיסוֹת. Ib. VII, beg. 37ᵇ מיני כ׳ (ed. Krot. כניס׳, corr. acc.) alkaline plants. ↗ expanded
כְּבִישׁ (כְּבַשׁ) stepping stool (scamnum). Targ. Ps. CX, 1 (h. text הֲדֹם), v. כְּבַשׁ II. paved path. Ib. LXXVIII, 50 (h. text נתיב).—Targ. I Sam. VI, 12, a. e. (h. text מסלה), v. כְּבַשׁ II. Targ. II Sam. XX, 12 כבישתא ed. Lag. (oth. ed. כִּבְשָׁא).—Pl. כְּבִישִׁין. Targ. Is. XL, 3 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. כִּבְשִׁין); a. e. recess, secret. Targ. Lam. III, 10 (h. text מסתרים).—Pl. כְּבִישֵׁי. Ber. 10ᵃ bot. בהדי כ׳ דרחמנא וכ׳ Ar. (ed. כִּבְשֵׁי) what hast thou to do with the secret ways of the Lord? ↗ expanded
כְּבִישָׁה (כָּבַשׁ) making a path, side-path. Mikv. VIII, 1 מפני הכ׳ Ar. on account of the passing by (of travellers that leave the highway for some cause). [Ed. מפני הכְּבִיסָה on account of the ponds being used for washing clothes, v. comment.] ↗ expanded
כַּבְכָּב (reduplic. of כבב or כפף, v. כְּבַב) an arched round vessel. Kel. II, 3 כ׳ שעשאו לסל הפת a kabkab which was intended for a cover for the bread-basket (and not as a receptacle). Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. II, 5 כסוי כ׳ וכסוי אלפס ed. Zuck. (ed. only כסוי אלפס) the lid of a k. and that of a pot. Ib. 8 העשוי לכך ולכך כגון הכ׳ וכ׳ R. S. to Kel. III, 1 (ed. Zuck. a. oth. כנכב) a vessel made for both purposes (for liquids and for solid food), e.g. the k., the stew-pot &c. ↗ expanded
כָּבַל [to press, to impede, whence כֶּבֶלthe foot-chain; denom. כָּבַל] to chain. Gen. R. s. 87 כּוֹבַלְתְּךָ אני I have the power to put thee in chains. Tanḥ. Thazr. 8 מביא וכוֹבְלוֹ … he orders chains and chains him.—Part. pass. כָּבוּל, f. כְּבוּלָה, pl. כְּבוּלוֹתtied, prevented, esp. sheep prevented from conceiving by having their tails tied down. Sabb. V, 2 רחלות יוצאות … כ׳ ewes may be led out (on the Sabbath) … tied up; Tosef. ib. IV (V), 1 כ׳ שלא יעלה עליהן זכר. Sabb. 54ᵃ מאי כ׳ שכּוֹבְלִין אליה וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שמְכַבְּלִין) what is k’buloth? They tie their tails downward &c. Ib. מאי משמע דהאי כבול וכ׳ where is the evidence that kabul has the meaning of sterility? (Answ. ref. to I Kings IX, 13, v. next w.); Y. ib. V, 7ᵇ bot. Pi. כִּיבֵּלsame, v. supra.—Part. pass. מְכוּבָּל. Sabb. l. c. the district was called Cabul, שהיו בה ב"א שמְכוּבָּלִין בכסף וכ׳ because there were people there who were chained with silver and gold. ↗ expanded
כְּבַל , part. pass. כְּבִיל, f. כְּבִילָאimpeded, detained. Targ. Koh. XII, 4 ריגלך כְּבִילָן וכ׳ thy feet are detained from going out &c. (h. text סגרו). Pa. כַּבֵּלsame; part. pass. מְכַבַּל, f. מְכַבְּלָאtied up, (cmp. עצר) sterile. Sabb. 54ᵃ (ref. to I Kings IX, 13, v. preced.; v. חוּמְטוֹן) ואמרו אינשי ארעא מ׳ דלא עבדא פרי (Ms. O. מְכַבַּלְתָּא) and people say, it is a tied up land, which bears no fruits. ↗ expanded
כֶּבֶלpreced. wds.), pl. כְּבָלִים, כְּבָלִיןfoot-chains, irons. Gen. R. s. 91 ליתן עליהם כ׳ to put them in chains. Tanḥ. Thazr. 8, v. כָּבַל. Deut. R. s. 4 כ׳ של ברזל iron chains, opp. מונייק של זהב. Tosef. Ab. Zar. II, 4 אין מוכרין … ולא כ׳ (ed. Zuck. כּוֹבְלִין) we must not sell them torturing blocks or irons.—Sabb. VI, 4 כ׳ טמאין וכ׳ a woman’s ankle-chains are fit for levitical uncleanness &c. (contrad. to בירית). Y. ib. VI, 8ᵇ, v. בֵּירִית; Bab. ib. 63ᵇ. Ib. עשו להן כ׳ וכ׳ they made for them ankle-bands and put a chain between, that their steps may not be wide; a. e. ↗ expanded
כַּבְלָא Sabb. 57ᵇ כ׳ דעברא a slave’s neck-chain, v. כָּבוּל II. Ib. 58ᵃ כ׳ דעבדא תנן the Kabul of the Mishnah means &c. Ib. 54ᵃ (v. כָּבוּל I) it was named Cabul דמשתרגא בה כרעא עד כ׳ ed. (Ar. דמשתקעא) because the foot is entangled in (sinks into) the sandy soil up to the ankle-band; [oth. vers. in Ar. דמשתקעא כרעא בגווה כי כ׳ (read דמשתרגא) because the foot is entangled in it as if in a foot-chain.]—Pl. כְּבָלִין, כַּבְלֵי. Targ. Lam. III, 7. Targ. Ps. CXLIX, 8 (Ms. sing). ↗ expanded
כָּבַן (cmp. כָּבַל) to clasp, fasten. Part. pass. כָּבוּן, f. כְּבוּנָה, pl. כְּבוּנוֹתclasped, esp. sheep wearing a clasped cover (v. כְּבֵינְתָּא) for the protection of their wool. Sabb. V, 2; Tosef. ib. IV (V), 1 כ׳ למילת covered for the sake of the fine wool. Bab. ib. 54ᵃ שמְכַבְּנִין אותן למילת (not אותו).—V. כְּבֵינָא. Pi. כִּבֵּןto clasp a wrap; to wrap up. Sabb. l. c., v. supra. Ib. (defining צמר לבן) כצמר נקי … שמְכַבְּנִין אוֹתוֹ למילת like the wool of a new-born lamb which they wrap up for the sake of the wool; Shebu. 6ᵇ שמכבנין אותו Ms. M. (ed. incorr. בו). ↗ expanded
כְּבַן , Pa. כַּבֵּין to fasten; to put on aכְּבֵינְתָּא. Targ. Job XXIII, 9 (h. text יעטף). Ib. XXXI, 36 אֲכַבְּנִינֵיה Ms. Var. (ed. Lag. אֲכַרְכִּינֵיה, v. כְּרַךְ; oth. ed. אֲכַרְבִּינֵיה, v. כְּרב I; ed. Wil. אַרְכְּבִנֵיה, v. רְכַב; h. text ענד). ↗ expanded
כָּבַס (b. h.) to press, tread. Pi. כִּבֵּסto wash (clothes). M. Kat. III, 1 ואלו מְכַבְּסִין במועד and these are permitted to wash their clothes during the festive week. Taan. 29ᵇ; M. Kat. 18ᵃ, a. e. מותר לְכַבְּסוֹ וכ׳ is permitted to wash it; a. fr.—Pesik. Eth Korb., p. 61ᵇ; Pesik. R. s. 16 (play on כבשים, Num. XXVIII, 3) שהם מְכַבְּסִים וכ׳ for they (as sacrifices) wash (cleanse) the sins of Israel.—Part. pass. מְכוּבָּס, f. מְכוּבֶּסֶת; pl. מְכוּבָּסִין; מְכוּבָּסוֹת. Mikv. X, 4 בגדים שהטבילן מכ׳ garments immersed while still wet from washing. Hithpa. הִתְכַּבֵּסto be washed. Cant. R. to I, 5 (play on שלמה) [reads:] מה שַׂלְמָה זו מתלכלכת ומִתְכַּבֶּסֶת וכ׳ as a garment is soiled and washed again &c.; Yalk. ib. 982. Tanḥ. Vayḥi 10 (ref. to Gen. XLIX, 11) אם יטעו בהלכה תהא מתכבסת בתחומו וכ׳ when they err in a decision, it shall be cleansed (atoned for) in his (Judah’s) dominion (the Temple); Gen. R. s. 99 (not מתכסום). ↗ expanded
כְּבַס , Targ. I Chr. XI, 5, sq., ed. Lag. a. oth., v. כְּבַשׁ↗ expanded
*כֶּבֶס , m. (preced.) cleansing material.—Pl. כְּבָסִים. Y’lamd. to Num. XXVIII, 3 quot. in Ar. s. v. כבשים (ref. to כבשים, ib.) אע"פ שכתוב כבשים אנו קורין כ׳ וכ׳ though it is written K’basim (with Sin, sheep), we read K’basim (with Sammekh), for they cleanse Israel’s sins. ↗ expanded
כְּבָסָא (כבס) something pressed, ball, lump, esp. cluster of dates. Sabb. 67ᵃ כמאן תלינן כבסא בדיקלא Ar. (ed. כּוּבְסֵי, Ms. O. כְּבָסֵי pl., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 70) by what authority dare we suspend a cluster of dates on a sterile date-tree (and not consider it a forbidden superstitious practice)? Macc. 8ᵃ ומחייה לכ׳ (ed. לכְּבָאסָא, Ms. M. a. Rashi לכובסא) and it (the struck twig) struck the cluster. (trnsf.) testicles. Shebu. 41ᵃ נקטיה בכוּבְסֵיה … לגלימיה הוא that is “held him by his testicles that he may give up his cloak’; i.e. this is force worse than laying distress on his property; B. Mets. 101ᵇ ↗ expanded
כְּבָר 1 (b. h.) pr. n., נְהַר כ׳river (or channel) K’bar (Chebar) in Babylonia. Gen. R. s. 16 הוא פרת הוא נ׳ כ׳ Euphrates and K. are the same. Ib. כ׳ בפני עצמו וכ׳ K. and Euphrates are different rivers. Ib. כ׳ שמימיו כלין it is called K’bar (v. next w.), because its waters give out; שפירותיו גסין ואינן יורדין בכברה because its fruits are large and go not into the basket; (Yalk. Gen. 22 שמימיו קַלִּין). ↗ expanded
כְּבָר 2 (b. h.; = זמן כבר; כברto be thick, strong, round) a long time since; long ago, already; once. Sabb. 51ᵃ, a. e. כ׳ הורה זקן it has already been decided by an authority. Ber. 63ᵃ bot. כ׳ בנית וכ׳ you have once built and can no more tear down, (having once praised me, you cannot now censure me). Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᶜ bot. וכ׳ חלה וכ׳ and once when he was taken sick, and &c. Num. R. s. 3, end כ׳ נקדתי עליהם have I not put does upon them (to mark that the words are spurious)? [Ib. כ׳ אמחוק וכ׳, read: אוֹמַר I shall say, I will erase &c.]—Y. Gitt. VII, end, 49ᵃ מִכְּ׳ (retroactively) at once; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּבַר 1 Targ. Koh. I, 10. Targ. Jer. XXXVIII, 9 כ׳ מית he would have been dead by this time; a. fr.—B. Bath. 167ᵃ, a. e. כ׳ קדמוך רבנן our rabbis have long preceded thee (have warned us before this); a. fr. ↗ expanded
כָּבַר (denom. of כְּבָרָה) to sift. Gen. R. s. 4 אדם כּוֹבֵר בכברה … if one sifts wheat or straw in a sieve. Ohol. XVIII, 2 וכוֹבְרוֹ בשתי כברות and sifts it twice. Maasr. I, 6 הקיטניות משיִכְבּוֹר peas are subject to tithes from the time he sifts them. Ruth R., end וכ׳ את הצבר וכ׳ (not וכבד) and sifted one pile. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44ᵇ top … טוחנין כוללין, read כּוֹבְרִין; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּבוּר. Y. Maasr. I, 49ᵃ bot. מן הכ׳ וכ׳ from the portion which has been sifted in behalf of that which has not. Nif. נִכְבָּרto be sifted. Tosef. Ter. X, 15 שדרכו לִיכָּבֵר (not לוכבד) which it is customary to sift. ↗ expanded
כְּבַר 2 , Pa. כַּבֵּיר (denom. of כַּבָּרִיתָא) to fumigate with sulphur, to bleach. Ber. 27ᵇ לכַבָּרוּיֵי סלי to fumigate baskets. B. Kam. 93ᵇ דכַבְּרֵיה כברויי when he (in addition) bleached the wool with sulphur. ↗ expanded
כְּבָרָה v. כְּבָר II) a large round vessel (cmp. כְּוֶורֶת). Sabb. 35ᵃ כמין כ׳ בים a rock in the sea of the shape (and size) of a K’barah; Tosef. Succ. III, 11 סלע מלא כ׳ a rock of the size &c.; Tanḥ., ed. Bub., B’midb. 2 סלע כמין כ׳ Ms. R. (v. ib. note 21); v. כְּוֶורֶת. basket used as a sieve (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Vannus). Kel. XV, 4 כ׳ של בעה"ב a household sieve, contrad. to כִּבְרַת גרנות the large sieve of the threshing floor. Tosef. Bets. I, 20, contrad. to נפה. Taan. 22ᵇ עשו כל גופו ככ׳ they made his body (perforated with arrows) like a sieve; M. Kat. 28ᵇ עשאוהו ככ׳; Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. כְּבָרוֹת. Ohol. XVIII, 2, v. כָּבַר. Deut. R. s. 6 כִּבְרוֹתָיו his sieves. Par. III, 11 כ׳ של אבן perforated stone vessels for sifting ashes. ↗ expanded
כַּבָּרִיתָא (cmp. preced.) = h. גָּפְרִית; [a thick porous lump,] sulphur. Targ. Ps. XI, 6 כַּבָּ׳ Ms. (ed. Wil. כָּבְ׳; ed. Lag. כּוּפְרִיתָא). Targ. Y. I Gen. XIX, 24 כִּבְרֵיתָא (O. a. Y. II גופריתא). Targ. Y. Deut. XXIX, 22 כּוּבְרֵיתָא.—Gitt. 86ᵃ. Nidd. 62ᵃ; Sabb. 90ᵃ (expl. בורית) כ׳ sulphur used for whitening clothes. ↗ expanded
כַּבְרִיתָא 1 (Ms. כָּבֵרִיתָא) f. (v. preced. wds.; cmp. נוֹפֶת) [the sieve,] honey-comb. Targ. Prov. V, 3 (ed. Lag. ככ׳, Var. כב׳). Ib. XVI, 24 (ed. Lag. ככ׳). Targ. Ps. XIX, 11 (Ms. כווריתא). V. כַּכָּרִיתָא. ↗ expanded
כַּבְרִיתָא 2 (preced.; cmp. נפת, Targ. פלכין, Josh. XII, 23; XVII, 11; I Kings IV, 11) Kabritha, K’bartha (el-Kabîre, v. Hildesh. Beitr. p. 15), a border town of northern Palestine. Tosef. Shebi. IV, 11 כברי׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. כברתא); Y. ib. VI, 36ᶜ כברתה; Sifré Deut. 51 סברתה; Yalk. Deut. 874 נברת׳ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כָּבַשׁto press, squeeze. Ohol. VIII, 5 כ׳ את האבן וכ׳ if one pressed a stone on (weighted) the sheet. Bets. 23ᵇ שהיא כּוֹבֶשֶׁת because it (the wagon) presses (the ground) down. Sabb. XX, 5 לא כוֹבְשִׁין you must not screw down, v. מַכְבֵּשׁ; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּבוּשׁ, f. כְּבוּשָׁהpressed, compressed; pressing. Ib. 135ᵃ; Tosef. ib. XV (XVI), 9; a. e. ערלה כ׳ היא the foreskin (which seems to be wanting) is pressed (to the membrum). Tosef. Ohol. IX, 4 כאילו אבנים כְּבוּשׁוֹת וכ׳ as if stones were placed tightly upon them. Ex. R. s. 15 ההר … כְּבוּשִׁין על וכ׳ a mountain on each side pressing upon (preventing the run of) the springs; a. fr. כ׳ פנים (בקרקע) to press the face into the ground, to hide one’s self in fear or shame. Snh. 19ᵇ כָּבְשׁוּ פניהם בקרקע they cast their looks down (were afraid to give an opinion). Y. ib. X, 27ᵈ (ref. to Is. VII, 3) א"ת כובס אלא כּוֹבֵשׁ שהיה כובש פניו וכ׳ read not kobes, but kobesh, for he hid his face and fled before him; (Bab. ib. 104ᵃ דכבשינהו לאפי Chald.).—3) to press vegetables, meat &c.; to preserve, pickle. Toh. II, 1 האשה … כּוֹבֶשֶׁת וכ׳ if a woman was pressing vegetables in a pot. Ukts. II, 1 זתים שכְּבָשָׁן וכ׳ olives which one pressed with their leaves; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּבוּשׁpreserved substance, pickle. Ḥull. 97ᵇ, a. fr. כ׳ הרי הוא כמבושל preserved substances are in ritual law like cooked.—Pl. כְּבוּשִׁין. Pes. II, 6. Y. Sabb. I, 3ᶜ bot. כְּבוּשֵׁיהֶן preserves made by gentiles; a. fr. Trnsf. to store, hide. Ḥag. 13ᵃ (ref. to Prov. XXVII, 26) א"ת כבשים אלא כְּבוּשִׁים Ms. M. (missing in ed.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) read not K’basim (sheep) but K’bushim (hidden things), v. כִּבְשָׁן; Yalk. Prov. 961.—Sot. 10ᵇ; Macc. 23ᵇ (ref. to Gen. XXXVIII, 25) יצאת … ממני יצאו כבושים a divine voice went forth and said, ‘from me went forth the secret things’ (I declare that Judah is the father of Tamar’s children; Ar.: ממני היו הדברים כ׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6); Yalk. Gen. 145; Yalk.Sam. 112., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6); Yalk. Gen. 145; Yalk.Sam. 112. to detain (cmp. עצר). Pesik. Bayom, p. 193ᵇ; כָּבְשָׁה אותם מטרונא וכ׳ the matron detained them one day longer; כבשה אותן התורה וכ׳ the Law detained them one day longer (before the Lord); ib. 195ᵃ, sq.; Pesik. R. suppl., s. 4. Gen. R. s. 8, end האיש כּוֹבֵשׁ וכ׳ the man detains his wife from going out; a. e. to suppress, restrain, conquer. Snh. XI, 5 (89ᵃ) הכּוֹבֵש את נבואתו (a prophet) who suppresses his prophecy (being afraid to proclaim it). Ab. IV, 1 הכיבש את יצרו who conquers his passion. Lam. R. to V, 1 כובש את הגדול (not כביש), v. זַרְזִיר I. Y. Succ. V, 55ᵇ top עד שאתה מְכַבֵּשׁ … בוא וכְבוֹש וכ׳ instead of conquering the barbarians, come and subdue the Jews; Lam. R. to I, 16; ib. to IV, 19. Ex. R. s. 25 הוא כוֹבְשׁוֹ וכ׳ he suppresses (withholds the evidence) and does not produce it.—כ׳ עון to suppress guilt, to forgive, cause forgiveness. Pesik. Eth Korb., p. 61ᵇ; Pesik. R. s. 16, v. כֶּבֶשׁ; a. fr. to violate. Esth. R. to VII, 7 [read:] הרי הוא כּוֹבְשֵׁנִי וכ׳ behold, he is attacking me in thy presence. to pave, grade a road.—Part. pass. כָּבוּשׁ, f. כְּבוּשָׁה. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 20 דרך כ׳ a graded road; ib. ed. Bub. 47; Yalk. Num. 764. [Pirké d’R. El. ch. LII כובשים במזלות, read with Yalk. Josh. 22: חושבים; Yalk. Gen. 77 רוגשים.] Pi. כִּיבֵּשׁto press, squeeze.—Part. pass. מְכוּבָּשׁ, pl. מְכוּבָּשִׁים. Tosef. Mikv. VI (VII), 17 לכלוכי צואה … המ׳ (ed. Zuck. והמכושים, corr. acc.) secretory substances … which are compressed, i.e. dried up by being sat upon. (cmp. סָלַל II) to press down, make even, grade. Bets. IV, 5 מְכַבְּשִׁין you may press the ashes down (make a graded surface for baking); a. e.—Trnsf. to level, make plain. Cant. R. to I, 2 (play on כבשים, Prov. XXVIII, 26, v. כֶּבֶשׁ) … כְּבָשִׁים … תהי׳ מְכַבֵּשׁ לפניהם וכ׳ it may be read K’bashim (grades), as long as thy pupils are young, make the words of the Law plain before them; when they are older reveal to them the secrets (reasons) of the Law; Yalk. ib. 985 הֱיֵה כוֹבֵשׁ לפניהם (another expl., v. infra).—כ׳ את הריחיים [to carve steps for the grain,] to put the millstones in working order. M. Kat. I, 9; expl. ib. 10ᵃ to sharpen the millstones (v. נָקַר I), (oth. opin.) to cut the hole out for the hopper. (interch. with Kal) to conquer, defeat. Y. Peah VII, 20ᶜ top שבע שכִּיבְּשׁוּ seven years during which they were engaged in conquering the land; Ḥull. 17ᵃ שכבשו. Sifré Deut. 51 לכַבֵּש ח"ל עד שלא יְכַבְּשׁוּ וכ׳ to conquer foreign land before they shall have conquered Palestine. Pes. 5ᵇ נכרי שכִּיבַּשְׁתּוֹ a gentile who is in thy power. Yeb. 65ᵇ (ref. to וכבשה, Gen. I, 28) איש דרכו לכַבֵּשׁ וכ׳ it is man who conquers (the earth) but not woman; Kidd. 35ᵃ; a. fr. to suppress, withhold. Cant. R. l. c. תהי׳ מכבש לפניהם וכ׳ withhold from them, i.e. teach them merely the words of the Law without arguments; (another expl., v. supra). (denom. of כֶּבֶשׁ) to storm, climb over. Tosef. Sot. VI, 6 מכבש את הגנות וכ׳ climbing over the garden fences and violating the women; Gen. R. s. 53; Yalk. Gen. 94 מַכְבִּישׁ Hif.Nif. נִכְבַּשׁto be pressed down, suppressed. Pesik. Eth. Korb. p. 61ᵇ כל דבר שהוא נ׳ סופו לצוף whatever is pressed down, is liable to come to the surface again; Pesik. R. s. 16. to be submissive. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXX, end when scholars sit down ונִכְבָּשִׁין אלו לאלו and are submissive (respectful) to one another; (Sabb. 63ᵃ ונוחין). to have surreptitious intercourse. Sifra Emor, Par. 6, ch. V נ׳ עם; Yeb. VII, 5 נ׳ על. Hif. הִכְבִּישׁto climb, v. supra. Hithpa. הִתְכַּבֵּשׁ,Nithpa. נִתְכַּבֵּשׁto be conquered, be taken. Y. Shebi. VI, 36ᶜ bot. כמי שנִתְכַּבְּשׁוּ they are to be treated as if they had been subdued (in the days of Joshua). Ib. שמא נִתְכַּבְּשָׁה מד"ת perhaps it was to be taken by the command of the Law; Y. Yeb. VII, 8ᵃ bot. (corr. acc.). Ex. R. s. 18 עכשיו … מִתְכַּבֶּשֶׁת בידו just now Jerusalem may be taken by him (Sennacherib). [Pesik. Zutr., Ekeb, ed. Bub. p. 30 מתכבשים, מתכבשות, v. כָּתַשׁ.] ↗ expanded
כְּבַשׁto press, grade, make a path. Targ. Job XIX, 12 (h. text סלל). Targ. Is. XL, 3; a. e.— Part. pass. כָּבִישׁ, f. כְּבִישָׁא. Targ. O. Num. XX, 19 (not כְּבָשָׁא). Targ. Is. XI, 16; a. e.—Pl. כְּבִישִׁיןdams. Ib. XIX, 10.—Erub. 34ᵇ כְּבוּשׁוּ כבשי וכ׳ make a dam (or embankment) in the reed-marshes. to press on, to put on (the head). Targ. Y. Lev. VIII, 13 (h. text חבש). to bind, fillet; to inlay. Targ. Y. Ex. XXXVIII, 28 (h. text חשק; O. Pa.). Targ. Is. LIV, 11.—Part. pass. as ab.; pl. f. כְּבִישָׁן. (with על) to tread upon, to stamp out. Targ. Mic. VII, 19. Targ. Esth. I, 5. (interch. with Pa.) to suppress, oppress; to conquer, force; to violate. Targ. Josh. VIII, 21. Targ. Ps. IV, 6. Targ. II Esth. VII, 8; a. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Targ. Hos. V, 11.—Zeb. 73ᵇ, נִיכְבְּשִׁינְהוּ, v. נוּד ch. Y. Sabb. IV, end, 7ᵃ דילמא לא כ׳ צינתה will it (the band around the head) not overcome (counter-act the effect of) the cold? to withhold, detain. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXIX, 22.—Nidd. 39ᵇ a hen that laid one day וכַבְשָׁה יומא וכ׳ and held back (failed to lay) one day &c. to hide (the face); to close (the eyes). Targ. Ex. III, 6. Targ. Lev. XX, 4; a. fr.—Targ. O. Deut. XXII, 1 ed. Berl. (ed. Ithpe.); ib. 4 (sub. עינין).—B. Bath. 40ᵇ כְּבִישְׁנָא לשטר וכ׳ I shall hide the deed of mortgage. Pa. כַּבֵּישׁsame. Targ. Prov. XVI, 32 מְכַבֵּישׁ Ms. (ed. מַכְבֵּישׁAf.) who conquers. Targ. Josh. VIII, 19.—Targ. O. Ex. XXXVIII, 28 (v. supra). Targ. Lam. III, 34; a. fr.—Snh. 95ᵃ דכַבְּשִׁית בתקוף ידי which I conquered with the strength of my hand; [ib. כבשית כל מדינתי, read כנשית;] Yalk. Is. 284.—Part. pass. מְכַבַּשׁ, f. מְכַבְּשָׁא; pl. מְכַבְּשִׁין; מְכַכְּשָׁן. Targ. Ex. XXXVIII, 17 (h. text מחשקים). Ib. XXVII, 17 (not מְכֻבָּשִׁין, v. O. ed. Berl.). Targ. Am. VI, 4.—Targ. Jer. XVIII, 15 (h. text סלולה); a. e. Af. אַכְבֵּישׁ , v. supra. Ithpe. אִתְכְּבֵישׁto be conquered; to be subdued, oppressed. Targ. Num. XXXII, 22. Targ. Y. Gen. XVI, 9 (some ed. אתכנעי); a. e. (of the face) to be sunk (in fear, shame), to grieve. Targ. Gen. IV, 5; 6 (h. text נפל). to withdraw one’s self. Targ. O. Deut. XXII, 1, v. supra. ↗ expanded
כֶּבֶשׂ prob. fr. כבשto be thick, strong; cmp. Arab. kabš, a. v. אִימַּר) sheep (at least one year old). Men. XIII, 7, sq.; a. fr.—Pl. כְּבָשִׂים. Ib. 9 אחד מִכְּבָשַׂי one of my sheep. Zeb. IX, 5; a. fr.—Fem.כִּבְשָׂה or כַּבְשָׂה. Gen. R. s. 44 כ׳ של יחיד the sheep which is offered as an individual’s sacrifice. Tosef. Yeb. III, 4; Yoma 66ᵇ (v. Tosaf. a. l.)—Lev. R. s. 37; Tanḥ. Vayishl. 8 מביא (אדם) כִּבְשָׂתוֹ וכ׳ let man bring his sheep directly to the Temple court (without previous dedication by a vow); Y. Ned. I, 36ᵈ כִּשְׂבָּתוֹ. Tanḥ. Tol’d. 5; Esth. R. to IX, 2 גדולה היא הכ׳ וכ׳ great is the sheep (Israel) that lives among seventy wolves (nations). Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 4 אדם ששבה את הכ׳ וכ׳ a man who captured the lamb (Bathsheba, v. II Sam. XII, 3, sq.) and killed the shepherd (Uriah); a. fr. ↗ expanded
כֶּבֶשׁ m (b. h.; press.—Pl. כְּבָשִׁים, כְּבָשִׁין. Pesik. Eth. Korb., p. 61ᵇ (play on כבשים, Num. XXVIII, 3) כ׳ שהן כובשין וכ׳ (the sacrifices are) presses, for they suppress the sins &c.; Pesik. R. s. 16. ascent, grade, landing bridge. Zab. III, 1; 3. Sabb. XVI, 8; a. e.—Esp. the inclined plane leading to the altar. Midd. III, 3. Zeb. V, 3; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Ib. 62ᵇ. Ib. 63ᵃ כל כִּבְשִי כבשים … חוץ של מזבח וכ׳ all grades of ascents (in the Temple) were at the rate of three cubits per one cubit (of vertical elevation), except the ascent of the altar which was at the rate of three cubits and a half and &c.; (for Var. lect. v. Rabb. D. S. a. l., and Tosaf. a. l. a. Men. 41ᵇ s. v. ארבעה); Y. Erub. II, 24ᵇ bot., v. כִּיבּוּשׁ h.—Lam. R. introd. (R. Josh. 2); Koh. R. to XII, 7 (expl. דָּיֵק, Ez. XXI, 27) כ׳ embankments round a besieged city (Lat. agger, v. כּוֹבֵשׁ). preserving fruit. Ter. II, 6 זיתי כ׳ olives good for preserves, opp. זתי שמן.—Pl. as ab. pressed, preserved vegetables &c., Shebi. IX, 5 הכובש שלשה כ׳ וכ׳ if one puts three sorts of pressed vegetables into one vessel. Sabb. 108ᵇ; a. e.—[Gen. R. s. 66 כבשיהן some ed., v. כִּיבּוּשׁ h.] ↗ expanded
כֵּבַשׁ 2ascent (scamnum), stepping stool. Targ. I Chr. XXVI, 16 (h. text מסלה). Ib. XXVIII, 2 כבש (constr.); Targ. Ps. CXXXII, 7 (h. text הדם). Targ. Is. LXVI, 1 כְּבַשׁ (ed. Lag. כֵּיבַשׁ). pressboard and loading stone.—Pl. כִּבְשֵׁי, כִּי׳. B. Bath. 67ᵇ (expl. עבירים, Mish. ib.) כִּי׳ Ms. M. (ed. כב׳). grade; בֵּי כ׳a graded field which requires no artificial irrigation, opp. בי שקיא. Kidd. 62ᵇ dam or embankment. Pl. as ab. Erub. 34ᵇ, v. כְּבַשׁ. the hot ashes (pressed and levelled) in the oven (v. Bets. IV, 5 quot. s. v. כָּבַשׁPi.). Ḥull. 93ᵇ רישא בכ׳ a head put in ashes (for removing the hair before boiling). path. Targ. II Sam. XX, 12, sq. כי׳ ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. כַּבְ׳). Targ. I Sam. IV, 13 כִּבֶּשׁ constr., v. כְּבִישׁ.—6) (archit.) recess, enceinte. Targ. Ez. XLV, 4; ib. XLVIII, 21 constr. כֵּיבַשׁ ed. Wil. (h. text מקדש). ↗ expanded
כַּבְשָׁא f. ch. = h. כֶּבֶשׁ 3. Y. B. Kam. IV, 5ᵇ bot.; Y. B. Bath. V, end, 15ᵇ, v. אֲהִינָא↗ expanded
כִּבְשָׂה , v. כֶּבֶשׂ. [Y. Ned. VII, beg. 40ᵇ הנודר מן כבשה, read פירות שנה as Tosef. ib. IV, 1.] ↗ expanded
כִּבְשָׁןkiln, furnace. Kel. VIII, 9 כ׳ של סיידין וכ׳ the furnace of lime burners, glass-makers and potters. Succ. 7ᵇ עשויה ככ׳ shaped like a furnace (round). Gen. R. s. 44 כִּבְשַׁן האש the heated furnace. Cant. R. to II, 16 היוצר … בודק כִּבְשָׁנוֹ when the potter examines a batch of his kiln; a. fr.—Pl. כִּבְשׁוֹנוֹת. B. Kam. 82ᵇ אין עושין בה כ׳ no furnaces were erected in Jerusalem; Ḥag. 26ᵃ; Zeb. 96ᵃ. Ib. נהדרינהו לכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. אהדר׳) let them be put back into the furnaces (to be baked over). Tosef. B. Bath. I, 10 מרחיקין את הכ׳ וכ׳ (ed. Zuck. כבשנית, corr. acc.) furnaces must be removed from the town fifty cubits.— that which is withheld, secret. Ḥag. 13ᵃ (play on כבשים, Prov. XXVII, 26) א"ת כבשים אלא כְּבוּשִׁים דברים שהם כִּבְשׁוֹנוֹ של עולם וכ׳ Ms. M. read not K’basim but K’bushim, things which are the secret of the world (esoteric doctrines) must be kept under one’s garment (in one’s bosom). ↗ expanded
כַּד 1 (a comp. of כ a. ד, corresp. to h. כַּאֲשֶׁר or כְּשֶׁ־) when, as, as though. Targ. Ex. XVII, 11. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 109 כיד על גב Ms. (ed. only ע"ג) as though (carried) on &c.; a. v. fr.—Targ. Is. XXIX, 15 כִּדְבְּקִבְלָא (ed. Lag. כיד בק׳) as though in darkness. Targ. O. Num. XXIX, 18 כדחזי, v. חֲזִי, as it is proper; a. fr.—Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᶜ top. Y. Yoma VII, 44ᵇ top כד דהיא וכ׳ when there is &c. Y. Taan. I, 64ᵃ bot. כד הוינן; Y. Meg. III, 74ᵇ bot. כרי דהוינן, v. נְהַר I. B. Kam. 52ᵃ (prov.) כד רגיז וכ׳ when the shepherd is angry with his flock, he makes a blind sheep the leader. Ib. 64ᵇ, a. fr. כִּדְּאַמְרֵי וכ׳ as they say &c. Ib. 64ᵇ כִּדְּתָנָא דבי וכ׳ as (that which) the scholars of the school of … said. Ib. מיבעי ליה לכִדְּתָנִי it is needed for (something like) what has been taught. Ib. לְכִדְּרָבָא for what Raba said. B. Mets. 99ᵇ כדרבא agreeably to what R. said; a. v. fr.—[Num. R. s. 14 א"ת כדרבונות אלא כִּדֵּרַבָּניּת read not (Koh. XII, 11) kaddarbonoth, but kidd’rabbanuth, like a command of authority.] ↗ expanded
כַּד 2 (כדד, cmp. כָּדַר, to be rounded) (adj.) arched, opp. חד pointed. Ab. Zar. 40ᵃ; Ḥull. 64ᵃ, v. חַד I.—Pl. כַּדִּין, Ib. c. (b. h.) an arched, pouched vessel, jug &c.; cmp. חָבִית. Num. R. s. 12 מתגלגל ככד rolling like a jug. B. Kam. III, 1 (identical with חבית). Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. X, 1 כַּדּוֹ ריקנית (fem.) one’s vessel when empty; a. fr.—Pl. כַּדִּים, כַּדִּין. Tanḥ. Vayigg. 11 (ref. to Ps. XVI, 7) נעשו … כשתי כ׳ של מים וכ׳ his two kidneys became like two water pitchers and they were giving forth a flow of religious wisdom; ib. ed. Bub. 12 שלמים (corr. acc.); Gen. R. s. 61 כמין שני רבנים (corr. acc.); Midr. Till. to Ps. I כעין שני כדים ed. Bub. (oth. ed. כשני רבנן, corr. acc.); Ab. d’R. Nath. ch. XXXIII חכמים (corr. acc.).—Keth. XIII, 4 כַּדֵּי שמן vessels with oil, opp. קנקנים empty vessels; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כַּדָּא B. Kam. 27ᵃ באתרא דכ׳ לא קרו וכ׳ in a place where they distinguish between kadda a. ḥabitha (v. preced.). B. Mets. 59ᵃ (prov.) כמשלם שערי מכ׳ וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) when the barley is gone from the pitcher, strife knocks and enters; Yalk. Ps. 888 כַּדָּה.—Ḥull. 58ᵇ top הני תמרי דכ׳ (Var. דכרים, v. כְּרוּם ch.) dates kept in a vessel (which became worm-eaten); a. fr.—Pl. כַּדִּין, כַּדַּיָּא. Targ. I Kings XVIII, 34. Targ. Jud. VII, 20; a. e.—Trnsf. כַּדָּאa big figure, important personage. Yeb. 70ᵃ בן בתי כ׳ my grandson, the big vessel (high-priest), opp. כוזא the little jug (bastard). ↗ expanded
כְּדַב (v. כזב) to be false. Targ. Hos. IV, 2. Pa. כַּדֵּיבto lie, give false evidence; to be faithless; to deny. Targ. O. Gen. XVIII, 15. Targ. Job XXXI, 28 (Ms. כַּדְבֵּיב׳); a. fr. to give the lie, to refute. Ib. XXIV, 25. to flatter. Targ. Ps. XVIII, 45; a. e. Ithpa. אִתְכַּדֵּיבto be proved false. Targ. II Kings IV, 16. Targ. Prov. XXX, 6. to flatter, be submissive. Targ. II Sam. XXII, 45. Targ. O. Deut. XXXIII, 29 יִתְכַּדְבוּן (Y. יִתְכָּ׳). ↗ expanded
כַּדָּבָא (preced.) liar; false. Targ. Prov. XIX, 22 (Ms. כַּדָּאבָא).—Ber. 59ᵃ, v. preced.—Pl. כַּדָּבִין, כַּדָּבַיָּיא, כַּדִּי׳. Targ. Is. XXX, 9; a. e. fiction-teller, story-teller.—Pl. as ab. Y. Ber. IX, end, 14ᵈ כל כ׳ טבין וכ׳ all fiction-tellers are good, but those who tell their own inventions concerning the Law are bad; (Var. חרשׁיא, v. חַרְשָׁא; anoth. Var. ברכיא corr. acc.);—[perh. to be read: כִּדְבַיָּאfictions, v. preced.]. ↗ expanded
כַּדָּד (denom. of כַּד II) potter. M. Kat. 13ᵇ; Pes. 55ᵇ Ms. M. (ed. כדר). [Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. X, 6 כדדין, some ed., v. גַּרְדּוֹם.] ↗ expanded
כַּדָּה , v. כַּדָּא.—[Y. Yoma VIII, 44ᵈ top; Y. Taan. I, 64ᶜ תחות כ׳, read: כָּרֵיה, v. כָּרָא.] ↗ expanded
כְּדוּ (comp. of כַּד הוּ, v. כַּד I, cmp. דּוּ) when it (happens that), whenever, when. Targ. Lam. III, 50 עד כ׳ ד־ until what time he &c.—Y. Peah I, 15ᶜ bot. כ׳ נפיק וכ׳ (ed. Krot. כד) whenever he comes from school. Y. Ḥall. I, end, 58ᵃ כידו אתי וכ׳ (not בידו) whenever he went to take (bread) into his hand. as it is(כִּדְהוּ), now. Targ. Y. Gen. XXVI, 28 כ׳ נפקת now that thou hast gone away. Targ. Jud. V, 9. Targ. Jer. XXXI, 18. Targ. Is. XXXII, 14.—Succ. 44ᵇ כ׳ הוית דייר וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) I have now been in this country &c.; a. fr.—[Gen. R. s. 44 מן כ׳, v. מִלְכְיָא.]—V. כְּדִי. ↗ expanded
*כַּדּוּם (denom. of כַּד II) a sort of lever with which a pitcher is fished out of the well; oth. opin.: a pitcher-stand, watercooler.—Pl. כַּדּוּמִים, כַּדּוּמִין. Kel. XIII, 7; T’bul Yom. IV, 6, v. אַשְׁקְלוֹן. ↗ expanded
כְּדוּן , (כַּדּוּן Ms.) (contr. of כְּעַידַּן, v. כְּעַן; cmp. הָאִידְּנָא) now, at that time. Targ. Y. Num. XXII, 4; 6 (O. כְּעַן; h. text עתה). Targ. Y. Gen. XIII, 7 עד כ׳ as yet; a. fr.—Y. Ber. I, 2ᵈ bot. דעד כ׳ וכ׳ for up to that time people are awake. Y. Ḥall. II, beg. 58ᵇ עד כ׳ לחה thus far (so much about) fresh flour. Y. Sot. V, 20ᵇ bot. כ׳ right now, opp. בתר זמן. Gen. R. s. 22, beg. (ref. to Ps. XXV, 6) לא מן דכ׳ וכ׳ not from this day, but from eternity; Yalk. Ps. 702 מן הדין (read: מן כ׳).—Y. Ber. I, 2ᶜ מאי כ׳ how is it now? (what is the result, the law &c.?); Y. Peah IV, 18ᵇ bot. מיי כ׳; a. fr.—Y. Ter. VI, 44ᵃ bot. ולית אתון אמרין מהָן כ׳ ונתן וכ׳ (not מהו) and you did not say whence it was derived. Now (I will tell you, We read,) ‘and he shall give’ &c.—Ib. ולית אתון מיניהון מהו כ׳ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כַּדּוּר c. (b. h.; ball, globe. Tosef. Sabb. IX (X), 6 כדי ליתן לתוך כ׳ וכ׳ as much as is required to stuff a small ball. Ib. X (XI), 10 המשחקין בכ׳ who play at ball. Koh. R. to XII, 11 (play on כדרבנות, ib.) ככ׳ שלבנות like the girls’ ball; מה כ׳ זה וכ׳ as the ball &c., v. כָּדַר; Num. R. s. 14; s. 15 (corr. acc.); Tanḥ. B’haăl. 15; Pesik. R. s. 3. Lev. R. s. 23 לבנה בכַדּוּרָהּ the moon on re-entering her periodical orbit (after nineteen years); (Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵈ בתקופתה, Bab. Ber. 59ᵇ בגבורתה). Ab. Zar. III, 1 כל שיש בידו … או כ׳ a statue holding in its hand … a ball (globe); ib. 41ᵃ כ׳ שתופש את עצמו … וככ׳ the ball (means symbolically) that he causes himself to be caught like a ball in behalf of the entire world (vicarious sacrifice); Num. R. s. 13; Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᶜ bot. כ׳ שהעולם עשוי ככ׳ the ball symbolizes the world which has the shape of a ball; a. e. ↗ expanded
כַּדּוּרָא Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᶜ bot. [read:] בגין כן … ליה בכ׳ בידיה therefore he (Alexander the Macedonian) is represented in statuary with a ball in his hand; Num. R. s. 13. ↗ expanded
כַּדּוֹרִיתsame. Tanḥ. B’midb. 2 סלע כמין כוורת או כ׳ (the well moving with the Israelites in the desert was) a rock in the shape of a bee-hive or a globe (v. Tanḥ. ed. Bub. ib. note 21).—Pl. כַּדּוֹרִיּוֹת. Pesik. B’shall., p. 87ᵃ (description of Roman tortures) שהיו נותנים כ׳ של אש וכ׳ they put glowing iron balls under their armpits; Cant. R. to II, 7; Midr. Till. to Ps. XVI; Yalk. Ps. 667 בדודיות (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כְּדִי 1 (= כַּד הִי, v. כְּדוּ) when; now (that). Targ. Y. Gen. XXVII, 34. Ib. XXXIX, 10; a. e.—Y. Ab. Zar. II, 40ᵈ top כ׳ טבא when it (the eye-paint) is good. Y. Dem. VI, 25ᶜ bot. כ׳ יהב ליה כ׳ when he gives him the whole of it. Y. Meg. III, 74ᵇ bot. כ׳ דהוינן, v. כַּד I.—2) [as it is,] incidentatly, without special reason, not meaning it exactly. R. Hash. 5ᵃ פסח כ׳ נסבה the writer uses the word Pesaḥ (ib. 4ᵃ, quot. fr. Tosef. Arakh. III, 17) incidentally (cmp. אַשְׁגָּרָה); Zeb. 99ᵇ. Kidd. 5ᵇ סיפא כ׳ נסבה the second proposition was incidentally asserted (is not to be pressed), opp. דַּוְקָא.—3.) as such, alone, merely. Keth. 36ᵇ bot. מעיד בה כ׳ if he merely testifies in her favor (without having been instrumental in redeeming her from captivity). Gitt. 55ᵃ יאוש כ׳ וכ׳ the mere giving up of robbed property (without a change of hands after the renunciation) gives the robber no rights. מילי דכ׳־words spoken merely for saying something, for fun. Snh. 29ᵇ כל מילי דכ׳ וכ׳ people do not remember words thrown out in a jocular way.—[Bekh. 8ᵇ מילי דכ׳ Ar. fictions, stories; v. כַּדְבָא).—בִּכְ׳ for whatever it be, for a trifle; for no cause. Yeb. 39ᵇ בכ׳ תיפוק can she be dismissed without any formality (with his mere refusal to marry her)?—Taan. 5ᵇ, v. בְּכָא. Keth. l. c. לא שדי … בכ׳ one does not throw away one’s money at random (unless sure that there is no legal impediment to marrying the woman whom he is about to redeem). Ned. 22ᵃ בכ׳ לא אדרתה for a paltry reason she would surely not have forbidden her, v. נְדַר. Ib. 29ᵃ פקעה בכ׳ ceases without any formality; a. e.—מִכְּ׳ from such (a condition) as it is, now, well, you know. Gitt. 68ᵇ מ׳ כי מיית וכ׳ now when you die, you will have &c. Sabb. 78ᵃ מ׳ כל מילתא וכ׳ you know, whenever there is an ordinary and an extraordinary way of using an object, &c. Ḥull. 109ᵇ; a. e.—Esp. (introducing an argument) now, is it not so? Ib. 29ᵃ מ׳ על עיף קאי וכ׳ does not the writer of the Mishnah treat of birds? Well then, if he meant sacrificial fowls he ought to have said hammolek! B. Kam. 3ᵃ מ׳ שקולין וכ׳ now that they are alike, let both be included, for which will you exclude?—Bets. 2ᵇ מ׳ מאן סתמה וכ׳ now, who is it that states that proposition in the Mishnah anonymously? Of course, Rabbi. Now, why &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
*כְּדִי 2K’di(?). B. Mets. 2ᵃ; Yoma 44ᵃ; 72ᵇ, a. fr. ואמרי לה כ׳ and some say. It was K. [Prob. meaning: as the case may be, i.e. and some introduce respectively other persons, v. preced.] ↗ expanded
כְּדָיי (formed from כְּדֵי, v. דַּי) adequate, worthy, competent, deserving. Gen. R. s. 76 (ref. to Gen. XXXII, 11) איני כ׳ I am not deserving (of any of all the mercies); כ׳ אני אבל וכ׳ I am worthy (of some) but too small for all &c. B. Bath. 165ᵇ אני איני כ׳ שאתם וכ׳ I do not deserve the honor of having that question put to me by you. Gitt. 90ᵇ; Tosef. Sot. V, 9 כ׳ הוא במיתה he deserves death. Ber. 9ᵃ, a. fr. the authority of כ׳ הוא וכ׳ R. … is sufficient to be relied upon &c.; a. fr.—Pl. כְּדָאִים, כְּדָאִין, כְּדָיִין. Mekh. Yithro, Amalek, s. 1 אין אנו ב׳ שישמשנו (ed. Weiss כְּדָיִן) we are not worthy to be served by him; a. e.—Fem. כְּדָאִית. Cant. R. to I, 2 איני כ׳ לשפחתו I am not worthy to be his handmaid. ↗ expanded
כְּדָיי ² (preced.) sufficiency, worthiness. Tosef. Sot. III, 19 אין כְּדַיי באי העולם וכ׳ human beings are not worthy for me to live among them; (Num. R. s. 9 אין באי … כְּדָאִין, a. כְּדַאי, v. preced.).—Gen. R. s. 46, v. אֱלָהוּת. ↗ expanded
כַּדְכֹּד v. כַּדְכְּדוֹן) chalcedony, a gem. Pesik. R. s. 32 אלו אבני כ׳ these are the gems of kadkod. [Y. Shek. IV, 48ᵇ bot., v. שבטא דכ׳, Bab. ed. דכדכדא, v. כַּרְכָּר). ↗ expanded
כַּדְכְּדוֹן (χαλκηδών, v. Fl. to Levy Talm. Dict. II, p. 449ᵇ) chalcedony, Judah’s gem in the high priest’s breastplate. Targ. Y. I Ex. XXVIII, 18 כדכודי (incorr. a. misplaced); Y. II כדכדנא (h. text נפך). Ex. R. s. 38, end ברדינין, ברדנין (corr. acc.).—Pl. כַּדְכְּדוֹנִין. Pesik. Aniya p. 136ᵃ כדכריינין, כדכדיינון (corr. acc.). Ib. אבני כַּדְכְּדַיָּיה Ar. (ed. כידכייא, corr. acc.); Yalk. Is. 339 כַּדְכּוֹדַיָּיה; Pesik. R. s. 32 אבני כדכדנא Chalcedonian stones; v. כַּדְכֹּד. Targ. II Esth. I, 2 כַּדְכּוֹדָנִין↗ expanded
כדכיאות , Sifré Deut. 204 תקון וכ׳, Yalk. Deut. 923 תיקון ודוגיאות, a corrupt., read: תִּיקּוּנֵי כַרְכּוֹמִיןpreparations for sieges; cmp. Targ. Deut. XX, 20 a. Pesik. Zutr. a. l. (Deut. p. 67). ↗ expanded
כָּדַן , (cmp. Assyr. kidînu servant, Friedr. Del. Proleg. p. 200 note 7) [to bend,] to yoke, put to work. Y. Peah I, 15ᶜ bot.; Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵇ (בריחיים) כּוֹדְנוֹ לריחיים he puts his father to treading the mill (Bab. ib. 31ᵃ bot. מטחינו, v. טָחַן). Y. Pes. IV, 31ᵃ top לכשיזקין הוא כודנו בריחיים when the horse grows old, he puts him &c. Pi. כִּידֵּןsame.—Part. pass. מְכוּדָּן. Lam. R. to I, 14 (ref. to נפש חיה, Gen. II, 7, as if meaning self-supporting) עשאו עבד מ׳ בפני עצמו וכ׳ the Lord made man a slave put to work for himself, for if he does not work, he has nothing to eat; Gen. R. s. 14 מכורן, מחורר; Koh. R. to II, 17 מכורן עבד (corr. acc.).—Pl. fem. מְכוּדָּנוֹת. Lev. R. s. 16 (play on יְשִׂפַּח, Is. III, 17) עשאן שְׁפָחוֹת מכ׳ the enemies made them handmaids, forced to hard labor; ib. מהו מ׳ אמהן משעבדן; Lam. R. to IV, 15 מכודניות (corr. acc.).—V. כּוּדְנָא. ↗ expanded
כָּדַר (v. כַּד II) to be arched, rounded. Ab. Zar. 40ᵃ; Ḥull. 64ᵃ (sign of eggs of clean birds) כל שכּוֹדֶרֶת ועגולגולת (Var. קוֹדֶרֶת, קוֹדֶדֶת, כּוֹדֶדֶת) that which is arched (on top not pointed) and rounded (rolling); Tosef. ib. III (IV), 23. Hithpa. הִתְכַּדֵּר (v. כַּדּוּר) to be thrown around in a circle of players. Koh. R. to XII, 11 מה הכדור הזה מִתְכַּדֵּר וכ׳ as the ball is thrown around from hand to hand. ↗ expanded
כֹּה (b. h.) here; thus. Gen. R. s. 56 (ref. to עד־כה, Gen. XXII, 5) נלך … בסופו של כה we shall go and see what will be the outcome of koh (the promise, ‘thus shall be thy seed’, Gen. XV, 5); Tanḥ. Vayera 23. ↗ expanded
כֵּהֶהpreced.) (of light) dim. Gen. R. s. 31 בשעה שהיא כ׳ when it (the jewel) shone faintly.—Pl. כֵּהִים, כֵּהוֹת, כֵּי׳. Ib.; Y. Pes. I, beg. 27ᵃ בשעה שהיו כ׳ וכ׳ when the lights burned dimly, we knew it was day-time. Ib. 27ᵇ top בשעה שהיו כיהות when the jewels were dim.—Pesik. Kumi, p. 145ᵇ (ref. to כׄהׄחלנות Ez. XL, 25) חלונות כ׳ היו the windows were dim (stained glass). Ḥag. 16ᵃ עיניו כ׳ his eyes will grow dim; a. e. (of leprosy) faint, dull, opp. עזה. Neg. II, 1, v. בַּהֶרֶת. Ib. 2 לפי שהכ׳נראית עזה because (in the early morning &c.) the faint spot appears bright; Sifra Thazr., Neg., Par. II, ch. II.—Y. Shebu. I, 32ᵈ הִכְהָה טמא הִכְ׳ מן הַכֵּ׳ טהור if it grows one shade fainter, it is unclean, but when it grows fainter than the next fainter shade, it is clean; Sifra l. c. ed. Ven.; Yalk. Lev. 551 כִּיהָה מן הכֵּ׳; Y. l. c.; a. fr.— (trnsf.) doubtful. Nidd. 19ᵃ; Naz. 65ᵇ; Snh. 87ᵇ; Keth. 75ᵇ ר׳ י׳ אומר כ׳ R. Josh. says, It is doubtful; (Neg. IV, 11 ר׳ י׳ קֵיהָה or כִּיהָה, v. כהי, קהי). ↗ expanded
כְּהוּנָּהpriesthood, priestly privileges; priestly community. Ab. IV, 13. Sot. 11ᵇ בתי כ׳ priestly families. Midd. I, 8, a. fr. פרחי כ׳ young priests (novices). Y. Ber. III, 6ᵃ bot.; Y. Naz. VII, 56ᵃ top אין כ׳ היום there is no priesthood to-day (the laws for priests are suspended on the day of Rabbi’s funeral). Tosef. Ḥall. II, 7, a. fr. כ"ד מתנות כ׳ twenty-four gifts of priesthood (priestly prerogatives). Keth. 14ᵃ כשרה לכ׳ fit to marry into the priesthood; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּהוּנְּתָא Targ. Ex. XXIX, 9. Targ. Num. XVI, 10 כ׳ רבתא high-priesthood; a. fr.—Targ. O. Ex. XL, 15 כְּהוּנַת ed. Berl. (ed. כַּהֲנוּת).—Y. Keth. I, 25ᶜ סליקא לכ׳ she rose to priesthood (as a priest’s wife); נחיתא מן כ׳ went down from priesthood (ceased to enjoy priestly privileges as a priest’s wife). ↗ expanded
כֵּהוּת (כָּהָה) dimness. Meg. 28ᵃ (ref. to Gen. XX, 16) א"ת כסות … אלא כ׳ עינים Ms. M. (ed. כסיית) read not ‘cover of the eyes’ but ‘dimness of eye-sight’; Yalk. Gen. 91. ↗ expanded
כהיto be dim (of sight, light). Gen. R. s. 65 כָּהוּ עיניו his eyes grew dim. Ib. שיִכְהוּ עיניו that his eye-sight shall fail. Kidd. 24ᵇ …הכהו וכָהֲתָה if the master struck him on his eye, and it grew dim; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּהוּי, f. כָּהוּיָה. Ib. הרי שהיתה עינו כ׳ וכ׳ if his eye-sight was dim, and he (the master) made him perfectly blind. (of color) to be dull, v. כֵּהֶה. [Tosef. Erub. XI (VIII), 8; Tanḥ. Noah 9, v. כָּחַח.] Pi. כִּיהָה, כִּהָהto grow duller, to be shaded. Sifra Thazr., Neg., Par. 2, ch. II אם העז וכ׳ if the spot grew brighter and grew duller again; a. fr.—2) to declare doubtful. Neg. IV, 11 ר׳ י׳ כ׳, v. כֵּהֶה. Hif. הִכְהָהsame. Y. Shebu. I, 32ᵈ, v. כֵּהֶה. Neg. XI, 5 ה׳ בתחלה if the suspicious spot grew fainter at once (before the ordered isolation was begun); ה׳ בראשון if it grew faint in the first week; Tosef. ib. V, 6 quot. in R. S. to Neg. l. c. (ed. Zuck. כהה כתחלה, oth. ed. only כתחלה, corr. acc.); a. fr. to make dim. Gen. R. l. c. הריני מַכְהֶה וכ׳ I will make his eye-sight dim. Yalk. Ruth 601 ייסורין מַכְהִין וכ׳ … sufferings of poverty dim men’s eyes. Pesik. R. s. 14 מכהה גלגל חמה dimmed (outshone) the sun in brightness; Pesik. Parah, p. 37ᵃ שיַכְהֶה; a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּהִי Targ. Gen. XXVII, 1. Targ. I Kings XIV, 4; a. e.—Y. Ned. IX, 41ᵇ bot. עיני כַּהֲיָיא my eye-sight is failing. Pa. כַּהֵי, כַּהֵהto dim, make blind. Yoma 69ᵇ; Snh. 64ᵃ כַּהֲיִינְהוּ לעיניה Ar. (ed. כחלינהו, cmp. כְּבִי) they made his eye-sight dim. Ib. 27ᵃ ליכַהֲיוּהוּ לעיניה (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 80) he shall be blinded. (sub. לִבֵּיה) to be angry; (with ב־ of person) to rebuke. Targ. I Sam. III, 13. Af. אַכְהֵיto dim. Targ. Ez. XXXII, 7 באַכְהָיוּתִי when I make dim (h. text בכבותך). to make the heart faint, to annoy, reproach (falsely). Ib. XIII, 22 אַכְהֵיתִין לב וכ׳ ye denounced the heart of the righteous to be false (h. text הכאות). Ithpe. אִתְכְּהִיto be reproached. Ib. (h. text הכאבתיו). ↗ expanded
כֵּהָיוֹן (preced. wds.) dimness, fainter color. Tosef. Neg. V, 6 חזר לכ׳ if the suspicious spot again turned fainter. ↗ expanded
כֹּהֵן , v. כּוּן; cmp. b. h. כַּן) [standing, stationed,] officer, esp. priest. Yoma 6ᵃ, a. fr. כ׳ גדול (abbr. כ"ג) high priest, כ׳ הדיוט ordinary priest. Meg. I, 9 כ׳ משוח an anointed high priest, contrad. to מרובה בגדים a high priest distinguished only by his robes (but not anointed, as in the days of the Second Temple). Ib. כ׳ משמש officiating highpriest, כ׳ שעבר a substitute of the high priest no longer required, ex-substitute. Hor. III, 8 ממזר … קודם לכ"ג ע"ה a bastard who is a scholar has the precedence of an ignorant high priest; a. v. fr.—Pl. כֹּהֲנִים. Yeb. 86ᵇ, a. e. בכ"ד מקומות נקראו הכ׳ וכ in twenty four Biblical passages the priests are designated as Levites; a. v. fr.—תּוֹרַת כֹּהֲנִים (abbr. ת"כ) Torath Kohănim, a) name of the third book of Moses, Leviticus. Kidd. 33ᵃ. Lev. R. s. 7 מפני מה … בת"כ why do we, in teaching children, commence with Leviticus? a. e.—b) name of an halachic commentary to Leviticus, also named Sifra. Yeb. 72ᵇ; a. fr.—Fem. כֹּהֶנֶת, כּוֹהֶ׳a priest’s daughter or wife. Ḥull. 131ᵇ, sq.—Keth. IV, 8 ובכ׳ and in the case of a priest’s wife. Ib. VII, 1, sq. (70ᵃ) ובכ׳ Mish. a. Y. ed. (Bab. ed. ובכהן). Ib. 71ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. כֹּהֲנוֹת, כּוֹהֲ׳. Ber. 44ᵃ. Yeb. III, 10 אם היו כ׳ (Y. ed. כוה׳) if they are daughters of priests; a. e. ↗ expanded
כָּהַן , (b. h.), Nithpa.נִתְכַּהֵן (denom. of כֹּהֵן) to be appointed priest, to act as priest. Zeb. 101ᵇ לא נ׳ פנחס וכ׳ Phineas was not appointed high priest until &c. Ib. 102ᵃ לא נ׳ משה וכ׳ Moses acted as priest only during &c. ↗ expanded
כָּהֵן Targ. Jer. XIV, 18. Targ. Mal. II, 7. Targ. Lev. I, 7; a. v. fr.—Snh. 110ᵃ, a. fr. כ׳ רבא high priest. Ḥull. 49ᵃ ישמעאל כ׳ מסייע כהני Ishmael, being a priest, favors the priests. Gitt. 59ᵇ קרי בכ׳ read from the Torah in the priest’s place, i.e. was called up the first; Meg. 22ᵃ Ms. O. (ed. בכהני pl.); a. fr.—Pl. כַּהֲנִין, כַּהֲנַיָּא, כַּהֲנֵי. Targ. Ex. XIX, 6. Targ. O. Lev. I, 5; a. fr.—Gitt. l. c. כ׳ חשיבי דא"י highly esteemed Palestinean priests; a. fr.—Fem. (כֹּהֶנֶת) כַּהַנְתָּא. Ḥull. 131ᵇ … יהיב לכ׳ gave priestly gifts to a priest’s daughter (married to an Israelite). Pes. 49ᵃ נסיב כ׳ married a priest’s daughter.—Pl. כַּהֲנָתָא. Ber. 44ᵃ ↗ expanded
כָּהֵן ² (or כֹּהֵן), כַּהֲנָא II pr. n. m. Kahen, Kahăna, name of several Amoraim. Y. Ber. III, 6ᵃ, a. fr. ר׳ כהן.—B. Kam. 117ᵃ. Y. R. Hash. IV, beg. 59ᵇ; a. fr.—Erub. 8ᵇ רב כ׳ רביה דרב (v., however, Ms. M. a. Rabb. D. S. a. l. notes); a. fr.—v. Fr. M’bo, p. 109ᵇ, sq. ↗ expanded
כֹּהֲנִי (denom. of כֹּהֵן) one proving priestly descent, belonging to the priestly caste. Kidd. IV, 1; Yeb. 37ᵃ (collective noun).—Pl. כֹּהֲנִים. Ib. 85ᵃ; v. יִשְׂרְאֵלִי. ↗ expanded
*כַּהֲנָכָא (כהן, with format. כ; v. letter כ) the attendant’s or priest’s lustral basin (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Chernips).—Pl. כַּהַנְכָתָא. Targ. Y. Num. XXXI, 23; cmp. כַּרְנִיבָּאוֹת. ↗ expanded
כּוּב (כָּבַב, v. כְּבַב) [ball,] thorn, a prickly salt-plant.—Pl. כּוּבִּים, כּוּבִּין. Gen. R. s. 49 למגל כוסחת כ׳ like a sickle mowing thorns; Yalk. Prov. 950 כוב. Ex. R. s. 42 נעשו כזבים (corr. acc.), v. סֵרָיוּת. מדבר כ׳ pr. n. Desert of Kub (cmp. Ez. XXX, 5) = Biblical שׁוּר. Ex. R. s. 24; Yalk. ib. 255; (Tanḥ. B’shall. 18; Mekh. ib., Vayassa 1; Yalk. Jer. 266 בזב). ↗ expanded
כּוּבָּא 1 Targ. Prov. XXVI, 9 (h. text חוח).—Gen. R. s. 44; Yalk. Jer. 285 (prov.) עד דסנדלך … כ׳ while the sandal is on thy foot, tread the thorn down; Pesik. Asser, p. 99ᵇ כבוש בופה (corr. acc.); Yalk. Deut. 892.—Pl. כּוּבִּין, כּוּבַּיָּא, כּוּבֵּי, כֻּבּ׳. Targ. Gen. III, 18 (some ed. כּוּבִין, incorr.). Targ. II Sam. XXIII, 6. Targ. Hos. II, 8.—Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 1), v. גְּבַב,—Y. Ab. Zar. V, 44ᵈ לאילין כ׳, v. סְדַר. Ib. bot. סייגין כ׳ (read דכ׳) hedges of thornbushes. Gen. R. s. 2 (ref. to Gen. I, 2) עד דהיא פגה אפיקת כ׳ while she (the earth) was yet in her incipiency, she produced thorns; Yalk. Gen. 4 כובה (corr. acc.); Yalk. Jer. 274 כובי; Yalk. Prov. 959. ↗ expanded
כּוּבָּא 2 (v. preced.; cmp. כַּד II) wine cask(h. . Sabb. 48ᵃ. Ab. Zar. 60ᵃ נכרי אדנא וישראל אכ׳ the gentile attending to the barrel (emptying it) and the Israelite to the cask (receiving the wine). Ib. כ׳ מליא (if the gentile carries) a cask which is brimful. Sabb. 141ᵃ [read:] לא ליצדד … כ׳ בארעא (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) one must not (on the Sabbath) bend sideways a cask which rests in the ground; a. e.—Pl. כּוּבֵּי. Ab. Zar. 33ᵇ אנס הני כ׳ וכ׳ carried casks away from Pumbeditha by force. B. Mets. 25ᵇ.—בי כ׳ the retailer’s wine shop. B. Kam. 86ᵃ; B. Mets. 64ᵇ מרקיד בי כ׳ he dances in the wine house. (cmp. כּוֹבַע, אֲקוִּנְבִּי), pl. כּוּבֵּיturrets of a fort. Yoma 11ᵃ חזוק אקרא דכ׳ a support for the Fort of Turrets (of M’ḥuza); [Ms. L. ליוקרא דכ׳ for the weight of &c.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 400.]—Kidd. 70ᵇ בי כ׳ דפומבדיתא the fort of P.—[Meg. 6ᵃ בי כ׳ ed. (Ms. M. כסי, Ms. O. מִכְסֵי); Keth. 112ᵃ מִיכְסֵי.] ↗ expanded
כּוּבָּא 3 (v. כְּבַבPa.) roasted or charred dough, כ׳ דארעאroasted (over coals) in a cavity of the ground, name of a pastry baked in a cavity made in the stove. Ber. 37ᵇ, expl. טרוקנין. Ib. 38ᵃ. [Ar. s. v. ככא, reads כוכא.] [Gitt. 68ᵃ bot., v. כּוֹכָא.] ↗ expanded
כּוֹבֶדweight, heaviness, pressure. Snh. 63ᵇ א"ת כבודו אלא כּוֹבְדוֹ Ms. M., v. כָּבֵד II. Yoma 41ᵇ בעי כ׳ it requires weight (must be heavy so as to sink into the fire). Ib. כדי שיהא בהן כ׳ (they are tied together) in order that they may be heavy. Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵈ צריך לכבוש את כּוֹבְדוֹ (in putting his hands on the sacrifice) he must press his weight on it; (Bab. ib. 16ᵇ סמיכה בכל בחו). Naz. 5ᵃ כ׳ the feeling of heaviness (of the hair).—כ׳ ראש bending down the head; humble, solemn disposition, opp. קלות ראש. Ber. V, 1 אין עומדין … כ׳ ראש we must not rise for prayer in any other than a humble &c. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᵈ top; Tosef. Ab. Zar. I, 2 שואל בשלומו בכ׳ ר׳ greet him with a bent head (without ostentation). M. Kat. 21ᵇ בשפה רפה ובכ׳ ר׳ in an undertone and with solemnity. roller or beam of a loom; כ׳ העליון the upper beam from which the warp depends; כ׳ התחתון the lower beam, the roller on which the web is wound as it advances. Kel. XXI, 1 (Talm. ed. כֹּבֶד). Neg. XI, 9 (fem.). Sabb. 113ᵃ; Y. ib. XVII, 16ᵃ bot. ↗ expanded
כּוֹבַעhelmet, turban. Ber. 24ᵃ מניחן בכ׳ וכ׳ let him put them (the T’fillin) into the turban under his pillow. Gitt. 14ᵇ (of the Persians) כּוֹבְעָן אמה their turban is one cubit high; a. e.—Pl. כּוֹבְעִים, כּוֹבְעִין. Gen. R. s. 99 לובשי כ׳ wearing helmets. Y. Gitt. I, end, 43ᵈ; Y. Kidd. III, 64ᵃ bot. כּוֹבְעֵיהֶן אמה (v. supra).—Trnsf. the thyroid cartilage, Adam’s apple. Ḥull. 19ᵃ משיפוי כ׳ וכ׳ from where the thyroid cartilage begins to protrude and downward. ↗ expanded
כּוֹבְעָא , esp. the priest’s turban.—Pl. כּוֹבְעִין, כּוֹבְעַיָּא. Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 40; XXXIX, 28; a. e. (ed. Berl. ק׳; h. text מגבעות).—Trnsf. חודא דכובעא the highest point of the thyroid cartilage, v. preced. Ḥull. 18ᵇ ↗ expanded
כּוֹבְעָה , pl. כּוֹבְעוֹת (preced. wds.) the tops of stalks of sheaves. Peah V, 8 המעמר לכ׳ he who binds sheaves for covering the stalks; expl. Y. ib. V, end, 19ᵃ מן לעיל sheaves to be put on top, opp. לכומסות; v. כּוֹמְסָה. ↗ expanded
כוברים , Pesik. R. s. 14 לולייאני בר׳ כ׳, Pesik. Par., p. 39ᵃ שוורי׳, read: טַבְרִינִי, as Tanḥ., ed. Bub., B’resh. 4 (v. Pesik. l. c. note 167). ↗ expanded
כּוֹבֵשׁ , pl. כּוֹבְשִׁים, (כָּבַשׁ) כּוֹבְשִׁיןtroops of siege, stormers. Pesik. Vayhi p. 67ᵃ העמיד עליהן כ׳ כגון האדבה he orders against them the storming troops which corresponds to the plague of locusts; Pesik. R. s. 17.—[Y. Erub. II, 24ᵇ bot. כובשי כבשים, read: כִּבּיּשֵׁי]. [Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 14 ed. Zuck., v. כּוֹבֵס.] ↗ expanded
*כּוּדָא (= כבדא, cmp. Syr. כודא, כודתא, P. Sm. 1690 sq., a. קָשָׁה) suffering in child-birth. Ab. Zar. 29ᵃ לכ׳ בשיכרא for a woman in child-birth the mixture is made with beer. ↗ expanded
כּוּדְנָא c. (כדן) [working beast,] mule. Targ. Ps. XXXII, 9 (Ms. כונדא).—Sabb. 110ᵇ כפותא דכ׳ חיורא (Rashi חיוורתא) excrements of a white mule.—B. Bath. 91ᵃ כ׳ עקרה במאי פרע לי Ms. M. (ed. פרעא, Ar. כודניא) the mule (Manoah) being barren, how will he pay me back?—Pl. כּוּדְנַיָּא. Targ. Zech. XIV, 15.—Fem. כּוּדְנָיָא, כּוּדַנְתָּא. Targ. II Sam. XIII, 29; a. e.—Bekh. 8ᵇ.—Pl. כּוּדַנְיָן, כּוּדַנְיָן, כּוּדְנַיָּיתָא. Targ. I Kings X, 25; Targ. II Chr. IX, 24. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVI, 24 (not כּוֹדְנַיְיתָא). Targ. Is. LXVI, 20 כודנוון ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. כִּדְנְיָן); a. e.—Ḥull. 7ᵇ כ׳ חיוורתא white mules. [B. Mets. 97ᵃ כודנייתא, Ms. M. כונדתיה, read כּוּדַנְתֵּיה his mule.] ↗ expanded
כַּוָּוא (√כו, v. כבב, to be arched, hollow) = h. חַלּוֹן, aperture, window. Targ. Zeph. II, 14 (ed. Lag. כַּוָּה). Targ. Prov. VII, 6 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. כַּוַּיָּא pl.). Targ. Hos. XIII, 3 כַּוַּת נורא smoke-hole; a. e.—M. Kat. 11ᵃ כוותא דדשא Ar. a. Rashi Ms. (ed. קביותא, Ms. M. קבוותא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) the arch of the door, upper door-post. Y. Yeb. IV, 6ᵇ bot. אודיק ר׳ מן כ׳ Rabbi looked out of the window. Sabb. 35ᵃ וסימניך כ׳ (or כַּוָּותָאpl.) thy sign by which to remember be ‘window’ (which reflects the light of the setting sun); a. fr.—Pl.כַּוִּוין, כַּוַּויָּא, כַּוָּותָא, כַּוֵּי &c. Targ. I Kings VI, 4. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XLIX, 22. Targ. Cant. II, 9.—B. Bath. 6ᵃ בֵּי כַּוֵּי לא וכ׳ apertures in the party wall (for beam-rests) are no evidence of the neighbor’s share in the wall. Ib. 75ᵃ כ׳ דבי זיקא (Ms. O. כַּוֵּי זיקא) apertures for the air (windows, contrad. to openings for doors).—Hebr. pl.כַּוִּין. Sifré Deut. 309 (play on ויכוננך, Deut. XXXII, 6) עשאך כ׳ כ׳ he made thy body full of cavities (v. Pesik. Zutr. ed. Bub., Deut. p. 111); Yalk. ib. 942 כיון כיון (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כַּוָּוי (v. כַּוָּוא) aperture. Yalk. Jer. 276 (ref. to כַּוָּנִים, Jer. VII, 18) היה חופר בתוך ביתו כ׳ קטנה והיו מכוונים וכ׳ used to make in his house a small aperture which was directed exactly towards the east, so that when the morning star rose, he might rise and worship it; Pesik. R. s. 31 קטה כמין ניכו׳ (corr. acc.); v. כּוֹכֶבֶת. ↗ expanded
*כַּוָּוןexactly determined place (for worship).—Pl. כַּוָּונִים. Pesik. R. s. 31; Yalk. Jer. 276 (ref. to Jer. VII, 18) מהו כ׳ what is kavvanim?, v. preced. [In b. h. our w. seems to mean certain cakes placed due east.] ↗ expanded
כִּוּוּן (כּוּן, cmp. כַּוָּנָה) exact selection of place. Gen. R. s. 15, beg. צריכה כ׳ (planting) requires exact selection; ib. צריך לכַוֵּון את רוחותיה one must determine its position with reference to the cardinal points. ↗ expanded
כַּוְורָא (v. כְּוֶורֶת) [basket, cauf, cmp. נָחִיל,] fish in the cauf, in gen. fish. M. Kat. 11ᵃ [read:] כ׳ טווייה באחוה וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) roast the fish with its brother (salt) &c. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ ההן דצייד כ׳ he who catches fish (on the Sabbath). Gitt. 36ᵃ, a. e. צייר כ׳ drew the figure of a fish (in place of his signature); a. fr.—Pl. כַּיְורַיָּא, כַּוְורֵי, כַּוְי. Targ. Y. Gen. I, 26, a. fr. (only in Targ. Y.).—[Targ. Job. XLI, 26 בני כוורי, Ms. כונדי, Regia טורי; h. text בני שחץ.]—Taan. 24ᵃ פירא דכ׳ the fish-pond. Kidd. 72ᵃ.—M. Kat. l. c. לבאי כ׳ (Var. כַּוָּארֵי), v. בְּדִיתָא; a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּוֶורֶת (כור, cmp. כְּבָרָה; v. Fl. to Levy Targ. Dict. I, p. 428ᵃ) a large round vessel, receptacle of grain, water &c.; כ׳ דבוריםbee-hive. Num. R. s. 1; Tanḥ. B’midb. 2, v. כַּדּוֹרֶת. Shebi. X, 7. Kel. XV, 1 כ׳ הקש וכ׳ הקנים a receptacle made of straw or reeds. Ib. VIII, 1; Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. VI, 3 כ׳ פחותה וכ׳ a defective k’vereth which was repaired with a stuffing of straw. Ib. V, 8 [read:] כָּאוֶרֶת של מתכת וכ׳ (ed. Zuck. ניארת, corr. acc.) a metal k. used in the household. Men. 95ᵃ כמין כ׳ a kind of bee-hive (honeycombed plate in the stove); Tosef. ib. XI, 2 מזרת, מורת (corr. acc.); a. e.—Pl. כְּוָורוֹת. Tosef. Ohol. X, 5 שתי כ׳ (כוורת ed. Zuck., Var. כוארת, corr. acc.). the ramifications of the vine, espalier, the widest extent of branches. Tosef. Kil. III, 4; Y. ib. V, 29ᵈ הכ׳ מְכוּוָּן והגוף וכ׳ (sub בֵּית) if the espalier is in a certain direction, but the body of the vine is not in the line. Y. Erub. III, 21ᵃ top בשהיתה כְּוַרְתּוֹ ארבעה when its ramifications had a circumference of four cubits; Y. Succ. II, 52ᵈ bot. ככרתו (corr. acc. or כְּבַרְתּוֹ). Y. Ber. I, 2ᶜ bot., v. נוֹף I; a. e.—Midr. Sam. ch. XIII קוֹרָתוֹ של חרוב (= כְּוַ׳), v. next w.—Pl. m. כְּוָורָתִים, כְּוָורָתִין. Y. Kil. IV, 29ᵇ top הכוור׳ R. S. to Kil. IV, 3 (ed. כָּֽרָתִים contr., cmp. דָּֽרְבָן). Ib. VI, beg. 30ᵇ כרתין. Ib. IV, 29ᶜ כרתין; ib. V, 30ᵃ top כרתון (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כְּוַורְתָּאbee-hive. Targ. Jer. V, 27 ככ׳ דמליא זיבורייתא Vers. in ed. Lag. (v. preface to Proph. XXXIV, 13) like a hive full of bees. ramification. Num. R. s. 9 כ׳ דחרוביתא the circumference of a carob-tree; Y. Sot. I, 17ᵇ top ed. Amst. (ed. Krot. אורתא, corr. acc.); Y. Peah VII, 20ᵃ bot. בירתא (corr. acc.); (Midr. Sam. ch. XIII, v. preced.). ↗ expanded
כַּוְּותָא 2 (כְּוִי) searing, blister from a burn. Snh. 84ᵇ ed., v. בּוּעֲתָא I. ↗ expanded
כּוּז (cmp. כַּד II) an oil vessel, used in the Temple. Tam. III, 6 והכ׳ דומה וכ׳ the kuz had the shape of a large wine cup. Ib. 9. ↗ expanded
כּוּזָא , wine pitcher, jug. Targ. II Esth. II, 21.—Sabb. 77ᵇ (playful etymology) כּוּזָה כָּזֶה ed. (Rashi כוזא) it is named kuza—‘like this’ (give us to drink from). Ḥull. 107ᵃ כ׳ בת רביעתא a Kuza must contain one fourth of a Log. Sabb. 33ᵇ. Taan. 20ᵇ (Ms. M. אֲכוּזָא); a. fr.—Yeb. 70ᵃ, v. כַּדָּא. ↗ expanded
כּוֹזְכָא(בַּר) בֶּן כ׳ pr. n. m. Ben-(Bar-) Koz’ba, name of the leader of the Jewish uprising against Hadrian, usually named בר כוכבאBar-Kokhba. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᵈ bot. עקיבא … דרך כוכב … דרך כ׳ Akiba, my teacher, preached, ‘A star goes forth from Jacob’ (Num. XXIV, 17) Koz’ba went forth; Lam. R. to II, 2 א"ת כוכב אלא כּוֹזָב read not Kokhab but Kozab. Y. Taan. l. c. בן (בר) כוזבה. Ib. 69ᵃ top כזובה (corr. acc.). Lam. R. l. c. בן (בר) כוזיבא; Yalk. Deut. 946.—Denom. כּוֹזְבִי; f. כּוֹזְבִית, pl. כּוֹזְבִיּוֹת. Tosef. Maas. Sh. I, 6; B. Kam. 97ᵇ מעות כ׳ coins issued by Bar-K.— בֵּית כ׳ pr. n. Beth-Koz’ba, name of a valley. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 1; (ed. Bub. ib. טופח; Num. R. s. 18 תופת; Gen. R. s. 10 בי טרפא; Lev. R. s. 22 בית שופרי; Koh. R. to V, 8 טופת; Yalk. Koh. 972 נטופא). ↗ expanded
כּוּזַנְתָּא = כּוּזָא, jug. Ab. Zar. 71ᵇ; M. Kat. 12ᵃ quot. in Rashi to Ab. Zar. l. c. (ed. כּוּזְתָא, Ms. M. כּוּזָא). Sabb. 139ᵇ אפומא דכוזנתא Rashi Ms. (ed. בפומיה דכוזני דחביתא; Ms. O. בפומא דכוזתא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) on the mouth of the jug (used for taking wine out of the larger vessel). ↗ expanded
כּוֹחָל (cmp. גחל, v. Lane Customs, 1837, p. 51 sq.) koḥl, a powder used for painting the eye-lids, stibium. Sabb. VIII, 3 (78ᵇ) כּוֹ׳ Ar. (ed. כְּח׳); Y. ib. 11ᵇ bot. כו׳. Ḥull. 88ᵇ השחור והכ׳ powdered coal and stibium. Snh. 14ᵃ; Keth. 17ᵃ (in a song) לא כֹּחָל here is no paint (no showiness). [Tosef. Nidd. VI, 4 כוחל, read: בּוֹחַל.] ↗ expanded
כּוֹחֲלָאsame. Targ. II Esth. I, 3 (2); Ber. 18ᵇ, v. גּוּבְתָא.—Ḥull. 47ᵇ ככ׳ as black as stibium. Gitt. 69ᵃ top תרתי מנתא כ׳ וכ׳ two portions of stibium and one of &c. אבנא דכ׳ a species of black marble(b. h. , v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Carbunculus). Kidd. 12ᵃ אקדיש בא׳ דכ׳ betrothed a woman by giving her a piece of black marble (of little value). B. Bath. 4ᵃ; Succ. 51ᵇ, v. מַרְמָרָא. ↗ expanded
כּוֹחֲלִין (used as sing.; v. preced. wds.; cmp. b. h. נֹפֶךְ a. פּוּךְ) carbuncle, name of a jewel. Ex. R. s. 38, end (corresp. to לשם, Ex. XXVIII, 19). [V., however, כַּחֲלֵי.] ↗ expanded
כּוֹחֲלִיתKoḥălith, a district conquered by John Hyrcan, [perh. = לפַח, Num. XXI, 30, cmp. preced. wds. a. פֶּחָם]. Kidd. 66ᵃ כ׳ שבמדבר K. in the desert.—אזוב כ׳ a species of hyssop named after that district. Neg. XIV, 6 כּוֹחֲלִי; Succ. 13ᵃ לית … Ms. M. (ed. … לי). Par. XI, 7; Ḥull. 62ᵇ; Sifré Num. 129. ↗ expanded
כוי [to cause discoloring,] to sear, cauterize; to scald. B. Kam. VIII, 1 כְּוָאוֹ בשפוד וכ׳ if a person hurt another with a hot spit &c.; Y. ib. 6ᵃ; 6ᵇ (Mish. a. Ib.) כְּוָייוֹ, כְּוָויוֹ; a. e.—Part. pass. כָּווּיburn-marked, flame-spotted. Lev. R. s. 15 … חמורה ונכוית ויצא בנה כ׳ a she-ass was sick and was cauterized, and her child was born with a flame-mark; (Num. R. s. 9 מרושם). Hif. הִכְוָהsame. Neg. VII, 4 וה׳ את המחיה if one cauterized the cicatrizing spot. Pi. כִּייָּהsame. Num. R. l. c. הוליכה … וכי׳ אותה he took her to the veterinary surgeon, and he cauterized her. Nif. נִכְוֶהto be burnt; to be cauterized. B. Bath. 75ᵃ כל אחד וא׳ נִכְוָה חופתו מחופת וכ׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) each man’s tent will be stained by fire from his neighbor’s tent. Lev. R. l. c. נִכְוֵית, v. supra. Num. R. l. c. ממה שנִכְוֵת אמו because his mother had been cauterized. Sabb. 30ᵇ; Pes. 117ᵃ תִּכָּוֶינָה (his lips) be burnt. Tosef. Ḥag. II, 6 היטה לכאן וניכ׳ בארו … ונכווה בשלג if he deviates this way, he will be burnt by the fire, if that way, he will be frost-bitten; (Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXVIII לוקה בצינה). Tosef. Ḥull. III, 6 יכולה לִיכָּווֹת וכ׳ she may be cauterized and recover.—Y. Sabb. III, 6ᵇ top והיא נכוית and it (the hand) is scalded (v. סָלַד). Y. Ber. II, 5ᵇ bot. כמדומה … שאתם נִיכְוִין בפושרין וכ׳ I thought you would be scalded with tepid water (understand a slight hint), but you do not feel even hot water (distinct intimation); Bab. Ber. 16ᵇ.—Y. Nidd. III, 50ᵈ [read:] רישיה דרישך יִכָּוֶה בפושרין ואתה לא תִיכָּוֶה אפי׳ ברותחין thy head’s head (thy teacher’s teacher) feels tepid water, but thou &c., i.e. you must not claim superiority to your predecessors (cmp. Sabb. 55ᵃ); a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּוִי Y. Bets. II, 61ᶜ top; Y. Maas. Sh. V, 56ᶜ top, a. e. (כָּוְיָה) כַּוְיָא, v. גּוּמְרָאIthpa. אִתְכַּוִּיto be burnt. Targ. Prov. VI, 28 מִתְכַּוְיָן Ms. (ed. כְּוִין …, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כּוֹיKoy, (prob.) a kind of bearded dear or antelope (τραγέλαφος). [The rabbis leave it undecided whether K. belongs to the genus of cattle (בְּהֵמָה) or beasts of chase (חַיָּה).] Y. Bicc. II, end, 65ᵇ, v. עִיזָּה. Ḥull. 80ᵃ (various opinions). Tosef. ib. VI (V), 1. Tosef. Bekh. II, 9; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כּוּךְ (= כוכו, v. כַּוָּוא) cavity, cave, esp. sepulchral chamber. [Taan. 25ᵇ כ׳ המחרישה R. Gersh. (Ms. M. כון, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note, ed. בֶּרֶךְ) the cavity made by the plough.]—Y. B. Bath. III, beg. 13ᵈ חמוכר … בכ׳ חזקה לכל הכ׳ if one sells a burial place (קבר) to his neighbor, as soon as the latter has buried one dead in the chamber, he has the possession of the entire chamber; a. e.—Pl. כּוּכִין. Ib. קבר … בג׳ כ׳ וכ׳ when he buried three dead in three different chambers &c. Tosef. Ohol. XVII, 11 [read:] … שדה … בתוכה היא כשדה כ׳ ואיזו היא שדה כ׳ כל חכ׳ לצדדין a field in which a grave (known to have been there) has disappeared, is like a field of sepulchral chambers. And what is a field &c.? Where you dig out (a square) in the ground, and make chambers in the walls. B. Bath. VI, 8; a. e. ↗ expanded
כּוּךְ ²same. Targ. Job XXX, 2; ib. V, 26 (h. text כלח).). an improvised subterranean dwelling. Taan. 22ᵃ ככ׳ דציידי Rashi (ed. ככוּכֵי, pl., Ar. s. v. ככי: לא נצרכה אלא לבי כ׳ דאגמא) like the hunters’ cave. Gitt. 68ᵃ bot. מטא גבי כ׳ דההיא וכ׳ Ar. (ed. כובא, corr. acc.) he came to the hut of a certain widow. [Ber. 37ᵇ כ׳ דארעא Ar., v. כּוּבָּא III.] ↗ expanded
כּוֹכָב (b. h.; = כבכב, v. כבב) [rounded, globe,] star, planet. Y. Ber. I, 2ᵇ כ׳ אחד ודאי יום as long as one star only is visible, it is surely day-time. Hor. 10ᵃ כ׳ אחד יש ועולה וכ׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) there is a certain star (comet) which appears once in seventy years. Gen. R. s. 100 עשרה כוכבים בקשו לאבד כ׳ אחד ten stars (sons of Jacob) desired to destroy one star (Joseph); a. fr.—Pl. כּוֹכָבִים, כֹּכָ׳. Ib.—Ber. 10ᵃ כ׳ ומזלות stars and planets; a. fr.—עובד כ׳, עובד כ׳ ומזלות (abbr. עו"כ, עכו"ם), עבודת כ׳, v. עָבַד, עֲבוֹדָה. Succ. 22ᵇ; Y. ib. II, beg. 22ᵈ כּוֹכְבֵי חמה scintillations of the sun as seen through the covering of the festive booth. Yalk. Esth. 1053 כ׳ חנגה, v. next w.↗ expanded
כּוֹכָב ² Targ. Am. V, 26.—Y. Maas. Sh. IV, 55ᵇ bot.; a. fr.—Esp. the planet Mercury. Sabb. 156ᵃ האי מאן דבכ׳ he who was born under Mercury.—כ׳ נוגה, כ׳ נוגהאVenus. Targ. II Esth. II, 7 (v. אִיסְתִּירָא); Yalk. Esth. 1053 (hebr.), v. אִסְתְּהַר.—Sabb. l. c.; a. e.—כ׳ רשביט comet. Ber. 58ᵇ.—Pl. כּוֹכְבַיָּא, כּוֹכְבֵי, כֹּכְ׳. Targ. Gen. I, 16; a. fr.—Snh. 39ᵃ מצינא למימני כ׳ I can count the stars. Ib. מני לי כ׳ the number of the stars is known to me. Ab. Zar. 29ᵃ דתלי לה בי כ׳ which he suspended under the stars (in open air over night); a. fr.—[B. Mets. 86ᵃ כֹּכְבִין דנרדא Ar. balls of nardus, ed. כִּכְּרִין.] ↗ expanded
כּוֹכְבִיתָאa little globe, v. כּוּבִּיתָא. ↗ expanded
כּוֹכֶבֶת (preced. wds.) the planet Venus, morning star, evening star. Yalk. Jer. 276 (ref. to Jer. VII, 18) שהיו עובדים למלכת השמים זו היא חכ׳ (not מלאכת) they worshipped the queen of the heavens, that is Venus; Pesik. R. s. 31 הכוכבים (corr. acc.). Ib. היו בנו ירושלם עובדים לכ׳ וכ׳ (not לכוכבים) the Jerusalemites worshipped Venus openly &c. Ib. שכשתעלה הב׳ (not הכוכבים), v. כַּוָּוי. ↗ expanded
כּוֹכַבְתָּא Targ. Jer. VII, 18, a. e. כּוֹכְבַת שמיא, v. preced.—Y. Ber. I, 2ᵇ ובלחוד … בר מן הדא כ׳ provided three stars are seen besides the evening star.—Ib.ᶜ מאן דאמר כ׳ וכ׳ he who says ăyalta d’shaḥra is the morning star, is mistaken; Y. Yoma III, beg. 40ᵇ; Gen. R. s. 50 כ׳ דצפרא. ↗ expanded
כּוֹכְלִיאָר (cochlear) [a kind of spoon pointed on one end for drawing snails out of their shells,] a pin of the shape of a cochlear. Sabb. VI, 3 כוכלייר Y. ed., Ms. O. כוכליאר (Mish. a. Bab. ed. 62ᵃ כוליאר, Ms. M. in Ib. כובליאר, corr. acc., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. notes 20 a. 70); expl. ib. 62ᵃ מַכְבַּנְתָּא. V. next w.↗ expanded
כּוֹכְלִיאָס (κοχλίας, cochlea) any thing spiral, a spiral stair-case, screw &c. (v. Gr. a. Lat. Dict. s. v.). Tosef. Succ. IV, 16 מקיפין ועומדין כקבולין ed. Zuck. (Var. בכולייס, ככולייר, read בכוכלייס) stood around in a spiral figure; Tosef. Yoma I, 10 בקבילין ed. Zuck. (Var. בכלאים, ככוליור); Yoma 25ᵃ כמין בכוליאר (Ms. M. כולייר, O. a. L. ככולייר, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). Y. Shek. VII, beg. 50ᶜ כמין כובלין היו עשויין (corr. acc.) the boxes in the Temple for contributions were put up so as to form a spiral figure; (Bab. ed. קובליים, בוכלייאר, כובליי׳, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כּוּל (b. h.) [to enclose,] to measure. Ter. X, 8 וכָל גרב Ms. (ed. כל), v. גָּרָב I.— Pilp. כִּלְכֵּל q. v. ↗ expanded
כּוּל ² Perf. כָּל; part. כָּאֵיל, כָּיֵיל. Targ. O. Ex. XVI, 18 (Y. אָכִילוּAf.). Targ. Ruth. III, 15. Targ. Is. XXVII, 8.—Men. 53ᵇ כי קא כייל וכ׳ when he measures, he measures by &c. Ab. Zar. 71ᵇ אק כ׳ ודמי וכ׳ he measures and pours (the wine) into &c. Ned. 51ᵃ, v. אֲכַל II.—Ḥull. 12ᵃ, a. e. לכי תֵיכוּל עלה כורא דמילחא (I will tell you,) if you will measure out for it a kor of salt (a jesting remark). Kidd. 79ᵇ כולי עלמא כַּיְילֵי ליה וכ׳ to all the world (wisdom) has been measured in a small kab, and to this scholar in a large kab, i.e. he wants to be wiser than all the world. Af. אָכִילsame. Targ. Y. Ex. XVI, 18, v. supra. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXXVIII, 26 מָכִיל (not מְ׳). Pa. כַּיֵּיל (denom. of כְּלָלָא) to generalize; lay down a rule. Keth. 60ᵃ, v. כְּלָלָא. Ithpe. אִתְכִּיל, אִתְכַּלto be measured. Targ. Y. II, Gen. l. c. Targ. Is. XL, 12; a. e. ↗ expanded
כּוֹלall, every one; any. Constr. כָּל (frequ. used absolutely). Targ. O. Gen. XVI, 12, sq. Targ. Ex. XX, 9. Targ. Y. Deut. XXXII, 49 לא כל היאך not at all as (thou sayest); a. fr.—Y. Yoma VIII, 45ᵇ bot. לא כולא מן הדין וכ׳ all does not depend upon this man (it is not at all within his power) to say to the king, Thou art no king, i.e. his saying that the Day of Atonement has no atoning power, cannot affect its power; Y. Shebu. II, 33ᵇ bot.—Snh. 46ᵇ, a. fr. (לאו) לא כל כמיניה all is not as if dependent on him, i.e. he has no power to &c. Gen. R. s. 79, beg. (expl. בכלח, Job V, 26) תבא בכולא אלי וכ׳ (some ed. בכוֹלָּה) thou shalt enter the grave in fulness, full, wanting nothing.—כָּל דְּכֵן = h. כָּל שֶׁכֵּן, v. כֹּל. Targ. Job IV, 19; a. fr.—Nidd. 51ᵃ; a. fr.—כָּל עלמא, v. infra.—With suffix כּוּלָךְ, כּוּלֵיה &c. (Buxt. כֻּלָּךְ &c.) all of thee, of him &c., entire. Targ. Gen. XXV, 25; a. fr.—Yoma 14ᵇ כוליה יומא the entire day; ib. 19ᵃ (not כולי). Ib. 26ᵃ כּוּלְהוּ מצפרא אתו (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10) all of them come in (for their share) by the lots cast in the morning; a. fr.—Pl. constr. כּוּלֵיall of. Targ. Esth. VI, 1 כ׳ ליליא (ed. Lag. כוליה). Targ. Koh. X, 12 כ׳ עלמא (ed. Lag. כוליה).—Y. Ber. II, 4ᵇ כ׳ עלמא ידעין ed. Lehm. (ed. כל) all the world, all people know (abbr. כ"ע); Y. M. Kat. III, 83ᶜ bot. כל עמא; v. עָלְמָא. Kidd. 79ᵇ, v. כּוּל ch.—כ׳ האי all of that, to that extent. Erub. 61ᵃ. B. Mets. 84ᵇ כ׳ ה׳ ודאי וכ׳ after it has come to all this (it being so well known), it is surely not proper. Ab. Zar. 24ᵃ; a. v. fr.—Ḥag. 4ᵇ כ׳ ה׳ ואולי all this (is required of us) and yet only ‘perhaps’ (Zeph. II, 3)! Taan. 25ᵃ כ׳ ה׳ ואפשר all this (trouble) and ‘only perhaps’!— capacity, power (cmp. יכל). Y. Peah VIII, 20ᵈ bot. לא כָּלָּן מסתור וכ׳ our (my) strength consists not in tearing down but &c. ↗ expanded
כּוּלָב (v. כָּלַב; cmp. פֶּה, στόμα for edge) a sharp instrument, axe. Targ. I Sam. XIII, 20 (some ed. כלוב׳, Ar. כולכא; h. text קרדם).—Gen. R. s. 38 אייטו לי כולב Ar. (ed. אייתי לי קולב), v. יְטִי.—Lev. R. s. 4 הן די … זיינא כּוּלְבֵיה וכ׳ (not זייניה כולבא) where the owner of arms (warrior) hangs up his battle axe, the shepherd hangs up his bag, i.e. in the place of justice sits wickedness; Koh. R. to III, 16 קולביה; (Yalk. Koh. 969 באתרא … זייניה where the lord hangs up his armor). Y. Naz. I, 51ᵇ כולבה a. כולבא; Y. Ned. I, 36ᵈ top כולכה, v. קַנְתָּא.—Pl. כּוּלְבַיָּיא. Targ. I Sam. XIII, 21. Targ. Jud. IX, 48 (Ar. כולכ׳). Targ. Ps. LXXIV, 5.—V. כָּלוּב. ↗ expanded
כּוֹלִיקוֹס (χολικός, in the sense of μελαγχολικός) one afflicted with melancholy. Y. Ter. I, 40ᵇ המקרע את כסותו כ׳ if one tears his clothes, I may say, he is melancholy (but not insane); Y. Gitt. VII, beg. 48ᶜ המקרע … קינוקוס (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כּוּלְּכָא , cissaros-blossom (v. אַגְבִּין). Sabb. 20ᵇ; Y. ib. II, beg. 4ᵈ, expl. כַּלָּךְ. Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵃ top כַּלְּכָה שמו its name is kall’kha. [כולכא, כולכה, for כולבא, v. כּוּלְבָא.) ↗ expanded
כּוֹלֵף (כלף, cmp. קלף, גלב) plane. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. VII, 3 יד הכ׳ ובֶן כ׳ (not ובין) the handle of a large or of a small plane (some ed. הכילוף וכן הכילוף, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כּוּמָז an opprobrious name for an ornament bearing the impress of the female breast or pudenda. Y. Sabb. V, 8ᵇ bot.; Bab. Sabb. 64ᵃ ↗ expanded
כּוֹמְסָה , pl. כּוֹמְסוֹת, (כָּמַס) כּוֹמְסָאוֹתsheaves put at the bottom of a stack as foundation, contrad. to כּוֹבְעָה. Peah V, 8; Y. ib. V, end, 19ᵃ, expl. מן לרע (with ref. to Deut. XXXII, 34). ↗ expanded
כּוּמְצָא (כמץ, cmp. כמן) trap, pit. Targ. Is. XXIV, 17, sq.; Targ. Jer. XLVIII, 43, sq. (h. text פחת). V. קוּמְצָא II, cmp. גּוּמְצָא. ↗ expanded
כּוֹמֶר 1 (כָּמַר) a mass of olives or grapes shrunk from exposure to the sun or from being put in the ground, prior to being placed in the press. B. Mets. 74ᵃ. Y. Ber. II, 4ᵇ bot. ככ׳ הזה של ענבים וכ׳ like the mass of heated grapes that drips of itself; Cant. R. to VII, 10 כבמרזה וכ׳ some ed. (read ככֹּמֶר הזה); Yeb. 97ᵃ; Bekh. 31ᵇ; Y. Shek. II, end, 47ᵃ כֹּמֶר. ↗ expanded
כּוֹמֶר 2to guard, cmp. כֹּהֵן. In Syriac כומרא interchanges with כהנא, v. P. Sm. 1757 s. v.) attendant, priest, always used of idolaters. Kidd. 20ᵇ נעשה כ׳ לע"ז (Arakh. 30ᵇ משרת) became an attendant of an idolatrous temple. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᵈ. Pesik. R. s. 35 יתרו לא כ׳ וכ׳ was not Jethro an idolatrous priest?; a. fr.—Pl. כּוּמָרִים, כּוּמָרִין. Ab. Zar. 51ᵇ בטובת כ׳ for the benefit of the idolatrous priests, opp. עובדיה worshippers; Y. ib. IV, 43ᵈ bot. Erub. 79ᵇ bot. Ms. M. (ed. משרתי ע"ז). Gen. R. s. 65, beg.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כּוּמָרָא Targ. Jud. XVII, 5; 13 (interch. with כהין ib. 10; 12; h. text כֹּהֵן); a. e.—Lam. R. to I, 9 ההוא כ׳ (Yalk. Ez. 356 ההיא אפיקורוס).—Pl. כּוּמָרִין, כּוּמָרַיָּא, כּוּמְ׳. Targ. Jud. XVIII, 30. Targ. II Kings XXIII, 5; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 26, v. אֱלָהּ. Ex. R. s. 9 (prov.) מחי אלהיא ויבעתון כ׳ strike the gods, and the priests will be frightened. ↗ expanded
כּוּמְרָא 2 (v. כּוֹמֶר I) withering. Ber. 40ᵇ בושלי כ׳ Ms. M. a. oth. (ed. כמרא, expl. נובלות) dates ripened through withering. ↗ expanded
כּוּמְרָנָא = כּוּמָרָא.—Pl. (כּוּמַרְנַיָּא) כּוּמְרָנַיָּא. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXIX, 20; a. e. (in Y.). ↗ expanded
כּוּמְתָא (כמם, v. כמן; cmp. Arab. kummath, Fl. to Levy Talm. Dict. II, 450ᵇ) skull-cap, worn under the turban (סוּדְרָא). Erub. 84ᵇ דילמא כשהרבים … בכ׳ וסודרא perhaps the public use of them (the low roofs) refers to people putting their cap and turban on them? Ib. 91ᵃ bot. בכ׳ וס׳ it may be possible with cap &c. (by putting them on in the house and taking them off in the court). M. Kat. 15ᵃ אכ׳ וס׳ it refers to (the mourner’s) cap and turban. Gitt. 39ᵇ שקל כּוּמְתֵיה וכ׳ he took his cap and threw it at her. Sabb. 147ᵃ הב לי כּוּמְתָאִי hand me my cap. ↗ expanded
כּוּן (b. h.) to stand, exist, be firm. Pi. כִּיוֵּוןto straighten. Sifré Deut. 308 מְכַוְּונוֹ במעגילה he tries to straighten the wood in a press; Yalk. Deut. 942 (not מכינן); Pesik. Zutr. Haăz. (ed. Bub. V, p. 111) נתנו לאומן שיְכַוְּונוֹ he gave it to a mechanic to straighten it. to place in a line, direct. Macc. II, 5 (9ᵇ) מְכַוְּונִין להן דרך וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ומְכוּוָּנוֹת להן דרכים, v. infra) we make for them direct roads from one place of refuge to the other. to determine exactly (place, time &c.). Y. Erub. V, 22ᶜ לְכַוֵּין את הרוחות how to determine exactly the four cardinal points (v. רָבַע). Ib. bot. הארון היה מְכַוֵּין וכ׳ the Ark indicated for them the points of the compass. Gen. R. s. 15, beg., v. כִּוּוּן. M. Kat. 10ᵃ אין יכול לכַוֵּין אימרא וכ׳ is unable to sew the fringe accurately on the bosom of the shirt. Ber. 7ᵃ לכַוֵּין אותה שעה to seize the opportunity of just that moment; a. fr. (with לב or sub. לב) to direct or prepare one’s mind, to pay attention, to do a thing with an intention. Ber. II, 1 אם כ׳ לבו if he (while reading in the Law) had his mind directed (to the Sh’ma); ib. 13ᵃ אם כ׳ לבו לקרות it means, he read with attention (to the sense, not merely like one going over the text for correction). R. Hash. 28ᵇ כ׳ לבו לצאת he had the intention of complying with the law (v. יָצָא); opp. (כ׳) לשמוע he directed his attention to listening, i.e. heard the sound with consciousness (but without devotion); v. כַּוָּונָה. Ber. V, 1 היו שוהין … כדי שיְכַוְּונוּ לבם וכ׳ tarried a while before prayer, in order to direct their hearts to their Father in heaven. Y. ib. II, 5ᵃ חזקה כִּוֵּין the presumption is that he read with attention; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְכוּוָּן, f. מְכוּוָּנָה, מְכוּוֶּנֶת; pl. מְכוּוָּנִים, … נִין; מְכוּוָּנוֹת a) in a line, corresponding. Y. Kil. V, beg. 30ᵇ עריס המכ׳ a straight bed of vines, opp. מעוקם. Ib. מכ׳ הן they (the vines) are in a straight line. Y. Ber. IV, 8ᶜ top בית … מ׳ כנגד … של מעלן the situation of the earthly Holy of Holies corresponds with that of the heavenly &c. Macc. II, 5 ומכוונות להן דרכים (not … נת), v. supra. Ib. 9ᵇ ומכוונות היו כמין וכ׳ (Ms. M. ומכוונין הן) and they (the three towns on this side and those on the other side of the Jordan respectively) were in straight parallel lines like two rows in a vineyard; a. fr.—b) exact, precise. Toh. III, 1 sq. כביצה מ׳ exactly the quantity of an egg. Mikv. VII, 6; Ḥag. 19ᵃ; Gitt. 16ᵃ Hif. הֵכִיןto put in proper position, to prepare; to hold ready, to designate. Bets. 2ᵇ (ref. to Ex. XVI, 5) חול מֵכִין לשבתוכ׳ a week day prepares for the Sabbath (that which has become ready for use on a week day may be used on the Sabbath), but a Holy Day does not prepare for the succeeding Sabbath, ואין שבת מֵכִינָה ליו"ט nor can the Sabbath prepare for a succeeding Holy Day, v. הֲכָנָה.—Meg. 12ᵇ (play on ממוכן, Esth. I, 14) כלום הֵכִינוּ וכ׳ have they (the Persians) arranged a table before thee?; Esth. R. to l. c. מי מֵכִין וכ׳ who arranges an altar &c.?; a. fr.—[Tosef. Maasr. I, 4 משיכינו ed. Zuck., Var. משייבינו, read: משיניצו.]—Part. pass. מוּכָןprepared, designated, ready. Bets. I, 2 עפר מ׳ מבעוד יום dust (for covering the blood) made ready a day before. Ib. אפר כירה מ׳ הוא ashes of the stove are considered ready (destined to be used for the purpose). Ib. III, 4 אין זה מן המ׳ this is not among the things designated for use on the Holy Day. Ib. IV, 6.—Meg. l. c. (play on ממוכן, v. supra) שמ׳ לפורענות he was ready for evil; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְכַּיֵּון, הִתְכַּוֵּון,Nithpa. נִתְכַּוֵּיןto be made straight, to be remedied (cmp. תכן). Pesik. Zutr. l. c. אין אתם מִתְכַּוְּונִים אלא באור you (your crookedness) can be remedied only through fire; Sifré Deut. l. c. אין אתם הולכים אלא לאור; Yalk. Deut. l. c. הולכין אלא לאחור (corr. acc.). to prepare one’s self. Y. Meg. I, 71ᶜ (ref. to הִכּוֹן, Am. IV, 12) הִתְכַּוֵּון לקראת וכ׳ put thyself in proper condition to meet thy God. to intend, propose. B. Kam. VIII, 1 עד שיהא מִתְכַּ יֵן unless he did it with malicious intent. Tosef. Naz. III, 10 לא נִתְכַּוַּונְתִּי אלא כמותה my intention was to be exactly like her (as to her vow). Ib. 14 מי שנ׳ לעלות וכ׳ if he who had the intention to eat the flesh of swine &c.; v. עָלָה. Sabb. 22ᵃ ובלבד שלא יִתְכַּוֵּין וכ׳ provided he has not the intention of making a groove.—Bets. 23ᵃ, a. fr. דבר שאינו מִתְכַּ׳ a forbidden act which was produced without intent, i.e. an unintended but unavoidable effect of a permitted act. R. Hash. 28ᵇ. Pes. 53ᵇ, a. fr. שניהם … נִתְכַּוְּונוּ both meant the same thing; a. fr. Polel. כּוֹנֵןto establish, base firmly. Ex. R. s. 15 מבקש לְכוֹנֵן עולמים wanted to establish worlds. Ib. על אלו אני מְכוֹנֵן וכ׳ upon those (the patriarchs) I will establish the world.—Part. pass. מְכוֹנָן, f. מְבוֹנֶנֶת. Midr. Sam. ch. XVI (ref. to הכינני, I Kings II, 24) בזכות התורה המ׳ בארון (the world exists) for the sake of the Law that is put up straight in the holy Ark. ↗ expanded
כּוּן ² ; Pa. כַּוֵּון to direct, aim, draw a direct line. Targ. Y. Num. XXII, 23. Targ. Num. XXXIV, 7, sq. (h. text תאה). Targ. Y. Deut. X, 5 וכוונית (h. text פנה). Ib. XIX, 3 (h. text תכין, v. preced.); a. e. to draw a parallel, compare. Targ. Is. XLVI, 5 (h. text תמשילני). (with דעתא, or sub. דעתא) to direct the mind, to pay attention; to do a thing intentionally. Targ. Y. Num. XI, 1 מכ׳ והגיאן ביש intentionally speaking evil.—Ber. 17ᵇ לא מצי לְכַוּוּנֵי דעתיה he cannot collect his mind (for prayer). Ib. 30ᵇ מעיקרא לא כ׳ וכ׳ the first time he read without attention. Ḥull. 31ᵃ דלא קָמְכַוֵּין (or קָמִכַּוֵּיןIthpa.) when he had no intention whatever (to cut); a. fr.—Part. pass. מְכַוַּון a) directed towards, corresponding. Targ. Ez. I, 9. Targ. Ex. XXVI, 5; a. fr.—b) straight, firm, upright. Targ. Job XXI, 8 מְכַוְּונִין Bxt. (Ms. מְכַוְּונַן; ed. מכוין, מְכַוַּון, corr. acc.; h. text נכון). Targ. Ps. LI, 12. Ib. LVII, 8 (ed. Wil. מכוֵן, corr. acc.); a. fr.—Yoma 28ᵇ לא מְכַוְּונֵי Ms. M. (ed. לא מ׳ טובא) the Temple walls were not exactly straight (the lower portions being thicker than the upper); [Ms. M. 2 משום דמכווני because the walls were exactly built in correspondence with the points of the compass]. Y. Snh. IV, beg. 22ᵃ; III, 21ᶜ top [read:] כד הוא חמי סהדו מכַוְּונָא … הכן והכן מְכַוֵּון when he found evidences (of two) exactly corresponding, he cross-examined; but when he found them turning hither and thither (differing in details), he tried to harmonize (allowing for errors in time &c., v. חֲקִירָה). Ithpa. אִיתְכַּוֵּון, אִיכַּ׳, , כַּוֵּין …to place one’s self, to stand. Targ. Ps. CI, 7. to be precise in doing. Ib. XC, 12 מן יִתְכַּ׳ להודע ed. Lag. (oth. ed. כן, corr. acc.) who can exactly make known? (h. text כן הודע). Targ. Y. Lev. XIII, 12. to be trained, to be in the habit of. Targ. Y. Num. XXII, 30 (h. text הסכן). to intend, mean. Ib. XXX, 5 ויתכ׳ וישתוק and keeps silence intentionally. Targ. Y. Deut. XIX, 4; a. e.—Ḥull. 95ᵃ דאיכ׳ לצעורי׳ וכ׳ who meant to vex his neighbor. Ib. 31ᵃ מִיכַּוֵּין לשום חתיכה had the intention merely to cut (not to slaughter according to the ritual, v. זְבִיחָה). Ib. מה כלים דלא מִיכַּוְּונֵי וכ׳ as vessels (lifeless things) which have no thought &c.; a. e. Ithpe. אִיתְכָּןto be prepared, ready (מוּכָן, v. preced.). Ib. 14ᵃ כיון דלא א׳ וכ׳ because it was not prepared (designated for use) yesterday.—V. תכן. ↗ expanded
כַּוְנָא (v. כַּוָּוא; cmp. חוֹפֶן a. כַּף) the hollow of the hand, handful (as a measure), spoonful (mostly in medicine; cmp. Lat. coclear). [Editions, except ed. Sonc., have ב׳, Ar. a. Mss. כ׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. c. infra.] Sabb. 110ᵇ כ׳ דכמונא וכ׳ (Ms. M. כי׳) one handful of cumin-seed, and one of &c. Gitt. 70ᵃ כ׳ דחמרא וכ׳ a spoonful of old wine.—Pl. כַּוְנֵי or כּוּנֵי. Erub. 29ᵇ (ed. Sonc. כַּוְונֵי, v. Rabb. R. S. a. l. note). Gitt. 69ᵃ ed. כ׳. Ib. 69ᵇ (ed. ב׳). ↗ expanded
כַּוָּנָה (כּוּן, Pi. a. Hithpa.) intention; attention; devotion. Ber. 13ᵃ ש"מ מצוות צריכות כ׳ shall we derive fom this (Mish. ib. II, 1 אם כיון לבו וכ׳) that religious exercises require the intention (of complying with the law, and must be repeated if performed without such intention)? R. Hash. 28ᵇ, a. fr. מצוות אין צריכות כ׳ the intention of compliance is not indispensable; Erub. 95ᵇ לצאת בעי כ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. notes 90 a. 100) in order to have complied with the law, intention of compliance is required. Ber. 13ᵇ כ׳ בלא קריאה meditating (on the Biblical passage to be recited) without audible recitation. Ib. עד כאן צריכה כַּוָּנַת הלב up to this (sh’ma to eḥad) attention to the meaning is indispensable. Meg. 20ᵃ (ref. to Deut. VI, 6) אחר כ׳ הלב הן הן הדברים the value of ‘the words’ (the recitation) depends on the attention of the mind (devotion). Ḥull. 31ᵃ כ׳ לשחיטה the intention to slaughter according to the ritual; opp. לחתיכה; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כַּוָּנוּתָא Targ. Y. Num. XXXV, 20 בכַוָּונוּת לבא with premeditation (h. text בצדיה). Targ. Ps. VII, 4. ↗ expanded
כּוֹנָנִית , pl. כּוֹנָנִיּוֹת (כון, cmp. כַּוָּון) [arrangements,] chambers, applied to the entrails arranged above each other. Ḥull. 56ᵇ (ref. to ויכננך, Deut. XXXII, 6) שברא הקב"ה כ׳ באדם וכ׳ the Lord has created carefully arranged chambers in man, one of which being disturbed man cannot live; Sifré Deut. 309 עשאך כנונים כנונים מבפנים וכ׳ (prob. to be read כּוֹנָנִים); (Yalk. ib. 942 בסיסים, v. בָּסִיס; cmp. כֵּן II). Yalk. Lev. 547 כּוֹנָנִין (Lev. R. s. 14 קִינִּין). ↗ expanded
כּוֹנֵס (כָּנַס) receiver, the lower part of the winnowing shovel. B. Mets. 105ᵃ.—כ׳ משקה, v. כָּנַס.—B. Bath. 68ᵃ. v. כִּינּוּס. ↗ expanded
כּוּנְתָּא (כתת, with inserted נ, cmp. כּוּנְשְׁרָא) [that which is pounded,] spelt. M. Kat. 13ᵇ כי … אמר כ׳ when Rab Dimi came (to Babylonia) he defined ḥelka (v. חֶילְקָא II) as kunta.—Pl. כּוּנְתַּיָּא, (כּוּנָּתַיָּא) כּוּנְתִּין. Targ. Ex. IX, 32 כּוּנָּ׳ ed. Berl. (ed. Amst. כּוּנָ׳; Y. כּוּנְתַּ׳, Var. כָּנְתַּ׳, כֻּנְתַּ׳). Targ. Is. XXVIII, 25; Targ. Ez. IV, 9 (ed. Wil. כּוּנְתִין, oth. ed. כונתּ׳). ↗ expanded
כּוֹס 1 c. (b. h.; or כנס, v. Ges. Thes., a. Hebr. Dict.10 s. v.) cup, also a drink. Tam. III, 4. Erub. 65ᵇ בג׳ … בכיסו בכוֹסוֹ בכעסו man’s character is found out in three things, in his money bag, in his cup (when drinking) and in his anger; Der. Er. Zutta ch. V.—Keth. 75Keth. 75ᵇ, sq., v. בָּדַק. Pes. 105ᵃ קדושה על הכ׳ sanctification (of the Sabbath or Holy Day) over a cup of wine. Ib. אם אין לו אלא כ׳ אחד if he has only enough wine for one cup. Sabb. XIV, 3 כ׳ עיקרים, v. עִיקָּר; a. fr.—Pl. כּוֹסוֹת. Kel. XXII, 1; Y. Ab. Zar. II, end, 42ᵃ, v. הַנָּחָה. Men. 28ᵇ, v. אֲלֶכְסַנְדְּרִי. Pes. X, 1, a. fr. ארבע כ׳ four cups of wine to be drunk on the Passover night; a. fr. cavity. Par. II, 5 (two black or white hairs) בתוך כ׳ אחד in one follicle (v. גוּמָּא).—Pl. as ab. Ib. Y. Ab. Zar. l. c. הן כ׳ הן גומותkosoth and gummoth mean the same things.—בֵּית הכּוֹסוֹת the second stomach of ruminants. Ḥull. III, 1 (42ᵃ), v. comment. a. הַבְלִילָא. Ḥull. 49ᵃ; 50ᵇ עובי בית הכ׳ the folds (thick walls) of the etc.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
*כּוֹס 2 (כסס, v. כֵּיסָא) thorn.—Pl. כּוֹסִים. Pesik. B’shall. p. 92ᵃ (Y. Maasr. III, 50ᵈ bot. קוצין), v. כָּסַח. ↗ expanded
כּוּסְבָּר (v. Löw Pfl. p. 209) coriander (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Coriandrum). Kil. I, 2 כ׳ וכוּסְבַּר שדה וכ׳ (garden) coriander and field (wild) coriander … are not heterogeneous plants. Shebi. IX, 1. Dem. I, 1. Y. ed. כוס׳ (Mish. a. Bab. ed. כֻּסְ׳); a. fr.—Y. ib. 21ᵈ top, v. next w.—Tosef. B. Bath. V, 6 כוסברת בפלפלין ed. Zuck. (Var. כסבורא; corr. acc.) he who adulterates pepper by admixing coriander; Koh. R. to VI, 1 כרשנים (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כּוּסְבַּר Targ. Y. Ex. XVI, 31; Targ. Y. Num. XI, 7 (h. text גד).—Y. Dem. I, 21ᵈ top כוסבר(ה) כוסברתאkusbar (of the Mish.) is kusbarta. Ib. (derisive play on the word) [read:] כּוּס בְּרָה כּוּס בְּרַתָּה וכ׳ ‘chew the son, chew the daughter’, who classed thee among the spices?—Ab. Zar. 10ᵇ (expressing an advice symbolically = כוס ברתא put the daughter to death, v. נְכַס; v. גַּרְגִּילָא). ↗ expanded
כוסטריינים , Cant. R. to VI, 11; קוסטרינוס Lev. R. s. 35, a corrupt. of quaestionarius, executioner; v. קוּסְטִינָר. ↗ expanded
כּוֹסֵילְתָּא (כסל, v. כֶּסֶל; cmp. P. Sm. s. v. 1786, sq.; cmp. P. Sm. s. v. 1786, sq.) the space between the shoulders (interscapilium), shoulder-blade. Taan. 21ᵇ [read:] לבושא דיתיב ביה קרנא והוה בזיעא בי כ׳ (v. Var. in Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) a garment in which there was placed (fastened) a cup (for receiving the blood) which (garment) was cut in at the shoulder (so that the operator could let blood standing behind the female patient); [Ar. לבושא דאית ליה ביזעי ביזעי באפי כ׳ a garment in which there were several incisions to correspond to the shoulder-blade.] the lancet for blood-letting. ריבדא דכ׳ the puncture made by the lancet. Sabb. 129ᵃ עד דנפיק מר׳ דכ׳ until the puncture was healed up. Snh. 93ᵇ. Macc. 21ᵃ. Keth. 39ᵇ כי ר׳ דכ׳ as much pain as is caused by the puncture of the lancet. Nidd. 67ᵃ הני רבדי דכ׳ the marks of the punctures &c. ↗ expanded
כּוּסְּמִיםspelt. Ḥall. I, 1. Pes. II, 5. Ib. 35ᵃ כ׳ מין חטים הוא Kuss’min is a species of wheat. Y. Ḥall. I, 57ᵇ top (ref. to Is. XXVIII, 25) כּוּסֶּמֶת זה הכ׳kussemeth is spelt; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כּוּסְפָּא (כְּסַף) paring, husk; כ׳ דתמריsubstance of ground dates after the juice is pressed out. Taan. 24ᵇ אכ׳ דת׳ קיימי דקא מזדבן they stand around a mass of ground dates which is to be sold (there being a famine). Sabb. 50ᵇ כ׳ דיסמין puppy pomace flavored with jasmin (used for a lotion). ↗ expanded
כּוּסְפָן m. h. same (collect. noun). Ab. Zar. 38ᵇ הכ׳ של נכרים וכ׳ (Rashi: הכּוּסְפִין) pomace of dates belonging to gentiles which was boiled (brewed a second time) in a large caldron. ↗ expanded
כּוּף , to bend (act. a. neuter verb).—Part. כָּאִיף, כָּיִף, כָּיֵיף. Targ. Ps. LVII, 7. Targ. Job XL, 17 Ms. (ed. Lag. כפיף; ed. Wil. כָּפַף, Var. כפין).—Snh. 36ᵃ מֵיכַף הוה כָּיֵיף ליה לרב וכ׳ he bent (yielded preference) to R. A.; Gitt. 59ᵇ מיכף הוו כָיְיפֵי ליה. Pes. 51ᵃ אנן כַּיְיפִינָן להו we pay reverence to them. Sabb. 77ᵇ, v. כְּפַף.—Ḥag. 16ᵃ, v. יִצְרָא. Snh. 107ᵃ; Yalk. Ps. 765 אי … למִיכְפְּיֵיה … הוה כַיְיפִינָא ליה if I had desired to bend my passion, I should have succeeded. B. Bath. 4ᵃ דכייף ליה וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. אכפי, מיכפי) he bends the pegs of the wall inside, … outside, v. חָזִית. ↗ expanded
כּוּף 2 (כְּפַף) cover, basket. Y. Erub. VII, beg. 24ᵇ למיכבש עלוי כ׳ to press a cover over it. ↗ expanded
כּוּפָּח (כָּפַח) [a pouched receptacle,] a small stove, brazier. Sabb. III, 2. Ib. 38ᵇ כ׳ מקום שפיתת וכ׳ a kuppaḥ is a stove which has room only for one pot. Men. V, 9 מאפה כ׳ what is baked in a brazier. Kel. V, 2 הכ׳ עשאו לאפייה … לבישול a k. made for baking, … for cooking. ↗ expanded
כּוּפְיָאKufia, name of afish, supposed to be identical with colias, v. אִסְפָּנִי. Pes. 39ᵃ מרירתא דכ׳ the gall of &c. ↗ expanded
כּוֹפֶר 2indemnity, fine; [atonement.] B. Kam. IV, 5 משלם כ׳ must pay indemnity for a life lost. Ib. 40ᵃ חצי כ׳ half the assessed fine. Ib. כ׳ שלם אמר רחמנא וכ׳ the law (Ex. XXI, 30) speaks of a full indemnity (as an atonement) &c., v. next w.; a. fr.—Treat. Sof’rim XXI, 4 לשם כ׳ as an obligatory ransom, opp. לשם נדבה.—Pl. כּוֹפְרִין. B. Kam. l. c. חייבי כ׳ מאי how is it about seizing the property of those bound to pay indemnities?; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כּוּפְרָא 1 B. Kam. 40ᵃ כ׳ כפרה the fine is intended for an atonement (like a sacrifice); כ׳ ממונא it is an indemnification; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כּוּפְרָא 2pitch. Targ. O. Gen. VI, 14.—Arakh. 19ᵃ באתרא דתקלי כ׳ where they sell pitch by the weight. Gitt. 69ᵇ משחא דכ׳ oil of pitch (tar). Sabb. 74ᵇ האי מאן דארתח כ׳ he who heats pitch (on the Sabbath). B. Mets. 23ᵇ. Ib. 70ᵃ top בני כ׳sailors (‘tars’).—Pl. כּוּפְרֵי. Sabb. 67ᵃ ז׳ כ׳ מז׳ ארכי seven kinds of pitch taken from seven ships. [B. Kam. 101ᵃ top. v. כַּפְרָא.] ↗ expanded
כּוּפְרָא 3 (כפר) the inflorescence of palms, a spike covered with numerous flowers, and enveloped by one or more sheathing bracts called spathes (v. Cyclop. Brit. s. v. Palm, a. Löw Pfl. p. 118); the date-berry in its early stage. Pes. 56ᵃ מנהי כ׳ דיכרא וכ׳ (for fertilization) they put the male flower (scatter the pollen) over the female tree. B. Kam. 59ᵇ האי מאן דקץ כ׳ וכ׳ if one cuts a date flower what damages has he to pay?—Succ. 32ᵃ ואימא כ׳ perhaps (Lev. XXIII, 40) the spike is meant?—Ber. 36ᵇ בכ׳ in the early stage of the berry.—Pl. כּוּפְרֵי. Pes. 52ᵇ (Ms. M. sing.), v. כָּפְנִי.—Keth. 10ᵃ אסבוהו כ׳, v. סְבָא. [Y. Shebi. II, 34ᵃ bot. כופריא, v. next w.] ↗ expanded
כּוּפְרָאָה —Pl. כּוּפְרָאֵי. Y. Shebi. II, 34ᵃ bot. בצליא כ׳ R. S. to ib. II, 9 (ed. כופריא, corr. acc.) wild onions, v. כּוּפְרִי. ↗ expanded
כּוּפְרָהKufra. Y. Shek. V, 48ᵈ bot.; Y. Peah VIII, 21ᵃ כַּפְרָה.—Y. Meg. I, 70ᵃ bot. כִּיפְרָא (near Tiberias); a. e. ↗ expanded
כּוּפְרִי 1 (denom. of כְּפָר) belonging to the village, wild.—כלב כ׳ village dog, ferocious dog. Tosef. Kil. V, 8 כלב כ׳ וכ׳ a Kuf’ri dog is a species of wild beasts (not a domestic animal). Kil. I, 6 כלב הכ׳ והשועל וכ׳ the wild dog and the jackal … are heterogeneous (כלאים). Y. ib. I, 27ᵃ bot. (not כופרין). Lam. R. to I, 4; a. e.—בצל כ׳ wild onion, opp. to ב׳ בני המדינה townsmen’s (garden) onion. Ned. 26ᵇ; 66ᵃ הכ׳ יפה וכ׳ (Ar. הכּוּפְרִים יפין) the wild onion is good for the heart (stomach); Tosef. ib. V, 1 הכופרין יפה (corr. acc.), opp. בני בצלים (Var. שאר) small onions.—Pl. כּוּפְרִיִּים, כּוּפְרִים, כּוּפְרִין. Ter. II, 5, v. פוליטיקין. Tosef. B. Kam. VIII, 17. Tosef. Ab. Zar. II, 3. Tosef. Ned. l. c.; Ned. l. c., v. supra; a. e. ↗ expanded
כּוּפְשָׁנָא , pl. כּוּפְשָׁנֵי (v. preced.) a species of tamed doves (kept in coops). Ḥull. 62ᵇ צוצייני כ׳ ed. K. of Zeizûn(?); Ar. כּוּבְשָׁנֵי דצ׳ (v. כְּבַשׁ). ↗ expanded
כּוֹפֶת c. (כָּפָה, cmp. מטה כפויה s. v. כָּפָה) [an inverted vessel,] a low seat, a block with a concave top to sit upon; bolster, stool. Kel. XXII, 9. Tosef. Sabb. XIII (XIV), 17 וכ׳ חקוק בין כ׳ (ed. Zuck. כרפ׳, Var. כיפ׳, corr. acc.) a block whether caved out &c. Kel. XX, 5 כ׳ שקבעו וכ׳ if one put a stool in the rubble of a wall (v. נִדְבָּךְ; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. XI, 6 כסא … בבנין). Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. II, 1 [read:] כ׳ חלקה שאין בה וכ׳ (v. R. S. to Kel. XXII, 9; ed. Zuck. כיפת חלק) a plain (not shaped) block which has not the height of &c. Y. Pes. VII, 28ᵈ bot. בצק שעשאו כ׳ a mass of hardened dough which one made into a seating block. Ohol. XI, 3 וכ׳ עבה a thick carpet-cover of a seating block (cmp. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. XI, 10). Y. Erub. VII, 24ᵇ bot. כ׳ שהדריגוה a seating block into which steps were cut. Tosef. Ohol. XII, 2 שתי … וכ׳ ע"ג האבן R. S. to ib. XI, 3 (ed. Zuck. a. oth. וכי׳) two stones above one another and a seating block on top &c.; a. e.—Pl. כּוֹפְתִין. Ib. in R. S. to Ohol l. c. (ed. Zuck. a. oth. כָּפִיתִין). ↗ expanded
כּוּפְתָּא 1same. Sabb. 77ᵇ (phon. etymol.) כ׳ כׄוףׄ ותׄיב invert and sit on it. invert and sit on it. prisoner’s stocks. Targ. Jer. XX, 2 Ar. (h. text מהפכת), v. כֵּיפְתָא. [B. Bath. 73ᵇ, v. כַּפּוּתָא.] ↗ expanded
כּוּפְתָּא 2 = h. כְּפִיפָה, basket. Gitt. 32ᵃ קניא בכ׳ the reed in the basket. ↗ expanded
כּוּפְתָּא 3 (כְּפַת) being tied on the altar (= h. עֲקֵדָה). Targ. Job. III, 18 (19). ↗ expanded
כְּוֵץ (cmp. קָוַץ, גָּוַע) to curl, shrink. Sabb. 20ᵇ צמר מִכְוַוץ כָּוֵויץ wool (if used as a wick) curls. Nidd. 3ᵃ מוך … מכוץ כויץ the lint … shrinks (and leaves room for the blood to pass). Succ. 23ᵇ כיון דמייתא כַּוְוצָא when the animal is dead, the body shrinks. Ḥull. 43ᵇ כל שחותכו וכויץ that portion of the gullet which shrinks when you cut it. Ib. 46ᵇ, v. infra. Pa. כַּוֵּוץto cause to shrink. Sabb. 19ᵃ וכַוְּוצֵיה for he made it shrink (by using too hot water). Ḥull. 46ᵇ; 47ᵇ [read:] בחמימי לא דמְכַוְּוצֵי not in boiling water, for it causes the lungs to shrink (Ar. ed. Koh. בקרירי לא דכווצא not in cold water, for it will contract, v. טְרַשׁ I). ↗ expanded
כּוֹר , v. כָּרָה) [a heap,] Khor, a measure of capacity, בֵּית כ׳ (or כ׳, sub. בית) an area requiring a Khor of seed. B. Mets. 105ᵇ כ׳ זרע a field requiring a Khor of seed; כ׳ תבואה a field yielding a Khor of grain. Ib. ד׳ סאין לכ׳ four S’ah of seed for a Beth Khor of land, v. נְפִילָה. B. Bath. VII, 1; 2 בית כ׳. Ib. 104ᵃ נותן … לכל כ׳ וכ׳ we allow a surplus or deficit of seven Kab and a half for each Beth Khor; a. fr.—Du.כּוֹרַיִים, כּוֹרַיִם. Ib.ᵇ—Ohol. VIII, 3; Kel. XV, 1 ארבעים סאה בלח שהן כ׳ ביבש forty S’ah in liquid measure which is equal to two Khor in dry measure. ↗ expanded
כּוֹר ² Targ. Lev. XXVII, 16 (h. text חֹמֶר); a. fr.—B. Mets. 105ᵃ, v. אַלְלָא.—Pl. כּוֹרִין, כּוֹרֵי. [Targ. Y. Ex. VIII, 10 כורין Ar. heaps; ed. כַּרְוַון, v. כַּרְיָא.]—Targ. I Kings V, 25; a. fr.—B. Mets. l. c.—Y. ib. IV, 10ᶜ bot. Sabb. 35ᵃ, v. חַלְתָּא; a. fr.—[Ḥull. 62ᵇ בי כודי Ar., Var. כירי, between heaps (ed. כַּרְבֵּי).]—V. כּוֹרִיתָא. ↗ expanded
כּוּר 1 מִלְּתָא דְּכ׳ Fort of Khur, a northern Palestinean border-town. Tosef. Shebi. IV, 11 Var. (ed. Zuck. מומתא דבור); Y. ib. VI, 36ᶜ מילתא דביר; Sifré Deut. 51 (במותה דביריין) כמותה דכריין; Yalk. Deut. 874 במתא דביריין; Targ. Y. I Num. XXXIV, 9 כִּירַיָּיא דבית סכל (v. כּוּרַיי). V. Hildesh. Beitr. p. 20, sq. ↗ expanded
כּוּר 2smelting pot, smelting furnace. Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. VI, 16. Kel. VIII, 9 כ׳ … של עושה זכיכית (Var. בור) the glassmaker’s pot. Sabb. VIII, 4 כ׳ של צורפי זהב the gold refiners’ pot. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIV כאדם … מתוך הכ׳ וכ׳ like a man that takes gold out of the smelting pot without tongs &c. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XLVIII כ׳ של אש a burning furnace; a. e. ↗ expanded
כּוּרָא 1 Targ. O. Deut. IV, 20 (Y. גִּיר); a. e. ↗ expanded
*כּוּרָא 2 (v. preced.) (supposed to be a disguise for) female pudenda. Sabb. 140ᵇ; v., however, בִּזְרָא. ↗ expanded
כּוּרַיי כ׳ רכתא Great Khuray, a northern Palestinean border town. Tosef. Shebi. IV, 11 Var. (ed. Zuck. note כּוּרְיָן, v. כּוּר I); Y. ib. VI, 36ᶜ בֵּירַיי. (V. Hildesh. Beitr. p. 21). ↗ expanded
כורים , Kel. XII, 8 some ed., v. כִּירִים ↗ expanded
כּוֹרִיתָא (v. כּוֹר) a Khor-ful. Lam. R. to I, 1 כ׳ (העיר) דדינרין (some ed. כּוֹרְיָיתָאpl.) a Khor-ful (Khor-fuls) of Denars. ↗ expanded
כּוּרְכָּא = כְּרַכָּאfort. Tosef. Shebi. IV, 8 כו׳ דבית חרב Fort Beth Ḥereb, in the district of Nivay; Y. Dem. II, 22ᵈ top כרכה דבר הזרג. ↗ expanded
כּוּרְכְּיָא (onomatop.; cmp. אַקְרוֹקְתָּא) crane. Targ. Jer. VIII, 7 (h. text סוס).—Kidd. 44ᵃ צווה ר"ל כי כ׳ Ar. (ed. כְּרוּכְיָא) Resh Lakish cried like a crane. [Y. Dem. II, 22ᶜ top כהדא כ׳, v. סִידְקִי.] ↗ expanded
כּוּרְכְּמָא Targ. Prov. VII, 17 Levita (ed. כורק׳, h. text אהלים).—Sabb. 110ᵃ כ׳ רישקא garden crocus (Rashi; v. Löw Pfl. p. 216). ↗ expanded
כּוֹרֵםvintager, gardener.—Pl. כּוֹרְמִים. Tanḥ. Bo 4; Yalk. Ex. 182 המה … כּוֹרְמֵיהֶן they (the Egyptians) planned that they (the Israelites) should be their gardeners. ↗ expanded
כּוּרְמֵיזָא (כמז with inserted ר; cmp. h. קֹמֶץ) fist. Targ. O. Ex. XXI, 18. Targ. Is. LVIII, 4.—Midr. Prov. to XXII, 6 (prov.) לחכימא ברמיזא ולשטיא בכ׳ to the wise man a hint, to the fool a fist. ↗ expanded
כּוּרְסַיָּא (used as sing.), constr. כּוּרְסֵי, כָּרְסֵא (כרס; cmp. כַּר) divan, upholstered chair, throne. Dan. V, 20; VII, 9.—Targ. I Kings X, 19. Targ. Ex. XVII, 16; a. fr.—Ḥull. 59ᵇ [read:] נפל מִכּוּרְסַיֵּיה וכ׳ he fell from his throne to the ground. Yeb. 118ᵇ; Keth. 75ᵃ דשומשנא גברא כּוּרְסְיָהּ … רמי לה if her husband be (as small as) an ant, put up her seat among the women of nobility, i.e. a woman feels elevated by marriage. Yeb. 83ᵇ אותבוה אבי כורסי׳ they put him on an operator’s chair. Ib. 110ᵃ אותבוה אבי כ׳ ואהדרוה Ar. (ed. omit ואהדרוה) they put her on a bridal chair (v. אַפִּרְיוֹן) and carried her around in procession. Lev. R. s. 27 תחות כ׳ דאמהון under their mothers’ chair (of delivery); Midr. Till. to Ps. II; Yalk. Ex. 165; Yalk. Esth. 1055 (only תחות כורסי). Gitt. 35ᵃ הפכוה לכוּרְסְיֵה (fem.) turn his judicial chair over; הפכוה לכ׳ ותרצוה (Rashi: הפכו) they turned his chair over and set it up again; a. fr.—Pl. כּוּרְסָוָון, כָּרְסָוָן, כּוּרְסְוָתָא. Dan. VII, 9 (cited Ḥag. 14ᵃ; Snh. 38ᵇ). Targ. Ps. CXXII, 5.—Koh. R. to III, 9 אית דאייתי כ׳ some brought divans (for the banquet). Ib. to I, 8 (in Hebr. Dict.) יעשו כ׳ לרבים (sub. בתי) let them be made into privies for the public. ↗ expanded
כּוּשׁ 1 (cmp. כּוֹס, כִּיס) [something hollow,] reed, esp. reed used as spindle (v. Ar. s. v.); also as fork. Yoma 82ᵃ תוחבין לה כ׳ ברוטב we put for her a reed into the juice (and let her suck it); Tosef. ib. V (IV), 4 (corr. acc.). Sabb. 123ᵃ; Y. ib. XVII, 16ᵇ top, v. כַּרְכָּר. Y. Erub. III, 20ᵈ bot. לתחוב בכ׳ ובקיסם to stick it on a reed or a chip. Kel. IX, 8 מלא כ׳ the size of a reed. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. VI, 12 בכ׳ בכ׳ הבינוני wherever the size of a reed (or spindle) is mentioned, a middle-sized reed is meant. Kel. IX, 7 כ׳ שבלע את הצנורא a reed in which the iron hook has disappeared. Par. XII, 8; Tosef. ib. XII (XI), 16, v. אָרְבָּן; a. fr.—Pl. כּוּשִׁין. Y. Yeb. XII, 12ᵈ bot. (in Chald. diction, in a disguised answer to a ritual question propounded to R. Akiba by a pretended street vendor) אית לך כ׳ אית לך כשר hast thou spindles? hast thou ‘Kasher’? (play on כִּישׁוֹר, v. כּוּנְשְׁרָא; intimating ‘It is legal’). ↗ expanded
כּוּשׁ 2 (b. h.) pr. n. Cush, son of Ham. Targ. Gen. X, 6; a. e.—2) the land of Cush, Aethiopia. Targ. II Kings XIX, 9. Targ. Y. Num. XII, 1; a. e.—Yalk. Ex. 168. Pes. 94ᵃ; Taan. 10ᵃ מצרים … בכ׳ Egypt is one sixtieth as large as Aethiopia. Y. Ber. I, 2ᶜ bot. תמצית כ׳ וכ׳ the juice (moisture) of Aeth. is absorbed by Egypt; a. e. ↗ expanded
כּוּשִׁיCushite, negro; Aethiopian. Gen. R. s. 60, beg.; Cant. R. to II, 8 (not כותי), v. בַּרְבָּרִי. Gen. R. s. 73, end; a. fr. [B. Kam. 113ᵇ, a. e. in later ed. כושי for גּוֹי or נָכְרִי.]—Succ. III, 6 אתרוג הכ׳, expl. ib. 36ᵃ דומה לכ׳ a Palestinean Ethrog resembling an Aethiopian one; (oth. opin.) a real importation from Aethiopia. Y. ib. 53ᵈ אתרוג הכ׳ פסול the Aeth. Ethrog is ritually unfit; הבא מן הכ׳ כשר one of Palestinean growth descended from an Aethiopian Ethrog is available for ritualistic use.—Trnsf. abnormally dark-complexioned. Bekh. VII, 6. Ber. 58ᵇ; Tosef. ib. VII (VI), 3; a. e.—עֵין כּוּשִׁי pr. n. pl. En Kushi. Ab. Zar. 31ᵃ; Y. ib. V, 44ᵈ ע׳ כושי׳; Y. Shebi. V, 36ᵃ top ע׳ כּוּשִׁין. ↗ expanded
כּוּשָׁיָיא Targ. Y. II, Num. XII, 1. Pl. כּוּשָׁאֵי. Targ. Y. I Num. l. c.—Succ. 53ᵃ.—Fem. כּוּשְׁיָיתָא, כּוּשַׁיְיתָא. Targ. I, II, Num. l. c. ↗ expanded
כּוֹשְׁפָן (כָּשַׁף) a believer in sorcery or omens. Y. R. Hash. III, end, 59ᵃ ↗ expanded
כּוֹשֶׁר (כָּשֵׁר) fitness, legitimacy, beingכָּשֵׁר. Pes. 83ᵃ היתה לו שעת הכ׳ was at one time fit for use. Y. Yeb. VIII, 9ᵈ top כל … החמה בכ׳ וכ׳ whom the light of the sun has never seen in a condition of sexual fitness, v. סָרִיס. Y. Bets. III, 62ᵃ top חזקת בני מעיים לכ׳ the presumption in the case of entrails is in favor of their being כָּשֵׁר, v. חֲזָקָה; Y. Ter. VIII, 46ᵃ top (corr. acc.). Y. Succ. V, 55ᵇ bot. (in Chald. dict.) עבדין בכ׳ behaving with propriety (during worship), opp. בפחז irreverently; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כּוּשְׁרָא 1 (כְּשַׁר) attachment. B. Mets. 93ᵇ כ׳ דח׳ the attachment which one has for one’s animal. ↗ expanded
כְּוָת , constr. כְּוַת, כְּוַות (v. יַת) [likeness,] like, in agreement with. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XLIV, 18. Targ. Y. II, Num. XII, 7; a. e.—With pron. suffix: כְּוָתִי, כְּוָתָךְ, כְּוָתִיךְ, כְּוָתֵיה &c. like me &c. Targ. Ps. CXIII, 5. Targ. Y. Ex. XV, 11; a. v. fr.—With prefix דִּ, v. דִּכְוָת־.—Ber. 36ᵃ, a. fr. הלכתא כותיה ד־ the practice is in agreement with the opinion of—(v. הֲלָכָה). Ib. קיימי כותיה agree with him. Ib. כותך מסתברא reason agrees with thee. Ib.ᵇ כותיה דרב כהנא וכ׳ reason is in favor of R. Kahana’s opinion. B. Bath. 65ᵃ הילכתא כְּוָותִין או … כְּוָתַיְיכוּ must the rule be adopted agreeably to our opinion or to yours? (Ms. M. כְּוָתֵיךְ … כְּוָתִין); ib. 142ᵇ. Y. Ber. I, 3ᵃ top עבד עובדא כוותיה acted in accordance with his own opinion; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כּוּתCuth, Cuthah, a Babylonian town whence Assyrian colonists were introduced into Samaria (v. Schr. KAT2, p. 278). Targ. II Kings XVII, 24; 30. [Targ. Is. XXXIV, 9 דכות some ed. (ed. Lag. דרומי; missing in ed. Wil.)—an inserted gloss, v. Lag. Prophetae I, p. XXX33.]—v. כּוּתִי. ↗ expanded
כּוֹתֵב (כְּתַב) writing, writer, v. כָּתַב. the pointed end of the writing instrument (stilus), contrad. to מוחק the flat end for erasing. Kel. XIII, 2; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 4; Y. Sabb. VIII, 11ᵇ bot. ↗ expanded
כּוֹתְבָן (v. preced.) writer, calligrapher.—Pl. כּוֹתְבָנִים. Y. Meg. I, 71ᵈ bot. כ׳ אומנים professional writers of Biblical books. ↗ expanded
כּוֹתֶבֶת (cmp. קִשְׁבָּא) date of a certain species, kothebeth, used as a measure of size כַּכֹּ׳ (cmp. זַיִת). Yoma VIII, 2. Bets. I, 1 חמץ בְּכַכֹּ׳ the standard for leavened bread (on Passover, as for being guilty of a transgression) is the size of a kothebeth (less than an olive); a. fr.—Pl. כּוֹתָבוֹת. Succ. II, 5 (26ᵇ) שתי כ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שני) two dates. ↗ expanded
כּוּתָּח (Pers. kataḫ, v. Perl. Et. St. p. 85, note; Fl. to Levy Talm. Dict. II, p. 459ᵇ) a preserve consisting of sour milk, bread-crusts and salt. Pes. III, 1 כ׳ הבבלי the Babylonian k., described ib. 42ᵃ, v. אוּמָא a. נַסְיוּבֵי. ↗ expanded
כּוּתַּח Keth. 60ᵇ; Erub. 62ᵇ אפי׳ ביעתא בכ׳ וכ׳ even as plain a case as the question about an egg that fell into k., a student must not decide in the presence of his teacher. Kerith. 6ᵃ מכ׳ דרמי כיפי than a k. which is hard enough to break rocks; Hor. 12ᵃ (Ms. M. כמכא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). Erub. 65ᵃ קריב לי כ׳ (Ar. כּוּתָּא) hand me the k. Sabb. 145ᵇ רייק מכ׳ דבבלאי (Ar. מכותא) spat out when thinking of the k. of the Babylonians. ↗ expanded
כּוּתִי 1 (v. כּוּת) Kuthi, a Babylonian town. B. Bath. 91ᵃ Abraham was imprisoned שלש בכ׳ וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note, a. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v. כרדו) three years in Kuthi &c.; Pirké d’R. El. ch. XXVI כותא. ↗ expanded
כּוּתִי 2 (כּוּת) Cuthean, a member of the sect of Samaritans. [In editions published under censorial influences our w. frequently takes the place of גוי, עכו"ם, מין &c., a. vice versa.] Ḥull. 3ᵇ. Tosef. Ab. Zar. III, 5 (distinction between כ׳ a. גוי). Ib. 13ᵃ. Y. Keth. III, beg. 27ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. כּוּתִים, כּוּתִיִּים, כּוּתִין. Y. Yeb. VII, 8ᵇ bot. Ḥull. 3ᵇ Sot. 33ᵇ ספרי כ׳ the books of the Samaritans, v. זוּף I; Snh. 90ᵇ צדוקים ed. (Ms. M. כ׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); a. fr.—Fem. כּוּתִית. Keth. III, 1. Tosef. Oh. XVIII, 6; a. fr.—Pl. כּוּתִיּוֹת. Nidd. IV, 2; Tosef. ib. V, 2; a. e. ↗ expanded
כּוּתַיי . Y. M. Kat. III, 83ᵇ. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᵈ bot.; a. e.—Pl. כּוּתָאֵי, כּוּתָיֵיא. Y. Ab. Zar. V, 44ᵈ. Ḥull. 6ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּוָתִירִין (?) pr. n. pl. K’vathirin, Targ. Y. Deut. IV, 43 (h. text בֶּצֶר). ↗ expanded
כּוֹתָלכֹּתֶל; כתלto press together, [something solid, cmp. אָטוּם, אוֹטֶם,] wall. Gen. R. s. 68 (ref. to Gen. XXVIII, 11 ‘he struck’) נעשה … כמין כ׳ וכ׳ the whole world was before him blocked as by a wall. Ohol. VI, 3 כ׳ שהוא לאויר a wall which faces the air (which is continued above the roofing, or faces the court yard). Ib. כ׳ המשמש את הבית a wall made for forming an enclosure, contrad. to ib. 6 בית המשמש את הכ׳ a wall formed by digging two cavities next to each other. B. Bath. I, 1; a. fr.—Pl. כּוֹתָלִים, כּוֹתָלִין, כְּתָלִ׳. Y. Shek. IV, 48ᵃ bot. כתלין (Bab. ed. כתלים, Ms. M. כותל). Gen. R. s. 18, beg. כ׳ של זהב golden partitions (of Adam’s tent). B. Mets. 59ᵇ כּוֹתְלֵי בה"מ וכ׳ let the walls of the school house decide. Nidd. 3ᵃ כותלי בית הרחם the enclosures of the womb; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כּוֹתְלָא Targ. I Sam. XX, 25. Targ. II Kings IV, 10; a. fr.—Sabb. 80ᵇ. Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ top; a. e.—[Ber. 58ᵇ נפל כתלא Ar., ed. בתלא, v. תַּלָּא.]—Pl. כּוֹתְלִין, כּוֹתְלַיָּא, כּוֹתְלֵי, כָּתְ׳. [Esra V, 8 כֻּתְלַ׳.] Targ. Lev. XIV, 37; a. fr.—Yoma 28ᵇ מכי משחרי כ׳ from the time the walls throw a shadow (in the afternoon); a. fr.—כותלי דחזירי (כת׳) bacon (cmp. אַטְמָא). Ḥull. 17ᵃ כת׳ (Ar. כות׳). Meg. 13ᵃ Ms. M. a. Rashi (ed. קדלי). ↗ expanded
כּוֹתֶרֶתcrown, capital. Tanḥ. B’har 1 כ׳ מלמעלן ובסיס וכ׳ a capital above and a pedestal beneath; Yalk. Cant. 990; (Cant. R. to V, 15 קיפלורוסים). ↗ expanded
כּוֹתַרְתָּא Targ. Ez. XLI, 18, sq. (h. text תמרה).—Pl. כּוֹתְרָן, כִּוֹתְרָתָא. Ib. 20. Ib. XL, 16; 22 (ed. Wil. sing.); a. e. ↗ expanded
כָּזַב [to shrink, cmp. כָּחַשׁ,] to fail, dry up (of watercourses); to be false, to lie; to flatter. Tosef. Par. IX (VIII), 2 מפני שכָּזְבָה וכ׳ because it gave out during the war.—Snh. 82ᵇ (play on כזבי, Num. XXV, 15) כזבה באביה she was false to her father (in disobeying his instructions). Tanḥ. Sh’laḥ 5 לא כָזַבְתִּי לך I did not tell thee a falsehood; a. e. Pi. כִּיזֵּבsame. Par. VIII, 9 המים המְכַזְּבִים waters which fail at certain times. Y. Taan. II, 65ᵇ bot. (ref. to Num. XXIII, 19) אם יאמר … מְכַזֵּב הוא if a man says, I am a God, he is a deceiver. Num. R. s. 23 (ref. to Num. l. c.) איש עושה לאל שיְכַזֵּב a man (through his prayer) may cause God to fail (to execute his evil decrees); Tanḥ. Masé 7 לא איש עושה לאל שיכ׳ does not a man cause God &c.?—Yoma 69ᵇ לא כִיזְּבוּ לו Ms. M. (ed. בו) they would not be false in His praise (flatter); a. fr.—Part. pass. מְכוּזָּב, pl. מְכוּזָּבִיםreduced. Ruth. R. to I, 1 (play on כזבה, I Chr. IV, 22) אלו בניו שהיו מכ׳ that refers to his (Elimelech’s) sons who were reduced (died). ↗ expanded
כָּזָבpreced.) falsehood.—Pl. כְּזָבִים. Pesik. Baḥod., p. 154ᵃ; Lev. R. s. 29 הבלים וכ׳ vain and false things. Cant. R. to II, 13 (play on סתו, ib. 11) that is the wicked (Roman) government שמסיתה … בכְזָבֶיהָ which entices the world and leads it astray with its falsehoods. Pesik. R. s. 40 כ׳ שישראל מכזבים וכ׳ the falsehoods which the Israelites commit during the whole year.—[Ex. R. s. 42 כזבים, v. כּוּב.]—[מדבר כזב, v. כּוּב.] ↗ expanded
כַּזְבָּן (preced.) liar. Tanḥ. Masé 5 אתחשב כ׳ I shall he considered a liar; Num. R. s. 23. ↗ expanded
כזניתא , Y. Kidd. I, 60ᵇ top, v. זַגִּיתָא ↗ expanded
כְּזַר (cmp. כזז) to shrink; to be hard (v. אַכְזָר a. denom.). Ithpe. אִתְכְּזַרto loathe. Targ. Job. X, 1 אִתְכַּזְרִית וכ׳ Ms. (Var. אתבזיית, ed. אתגזרַת) I myself loathe my life. ↗ expanded
כֹּחַ v. יָכַח) firmness, strength, power. Hor. 9ᵃ בנוי בכ׳ וכ׳ in beauty, in physical strength, &c. Ḥag. 12ᵃ. Snh. 96ᵃ תשש כֹּחוֹ his strength failed him. Ber. 63ᵃ כל … אין בו כח וכ׳ he who is careless about the study of the Law, will have no strength to endure on the day of trouble; a. v. fr.—Bets. 2ᵇ, a. fr. (mixed diction) להוריעך … כֹּחָן to show the power of …, i.e. how far-reaching are the consequences of the opinion of … Ib., a. fr. כח דהיתרא עדיף showing the power of the more lenient opinion is preferred (as an evidence of courage of conviction, while the more rigid opinion may be the outcome of doubt).—כח כֹּחוֹ indirect action, opp. כֹּחוֹ direct action. B. Kam. 18ᵃ שאני … בין נזק כחו לכח כחו S. distinguishes between direct and indirect injury. Ib. 19ᵃ. Macc. 8ᵃ.—Ab. Zar. 60ᵃ כ׳ כ׳ pressing wine by turning a wheel. B. Kam. 10ᵇ, v. לַאו.—Snh. 77ᵇ כ׳ ראשון direct agency, כ׳ שני indirect agency.—Shebu. 48ᵃ, a. fr. יפה כ׳, v. יָפֶה.—Ohol. XVIII, 6 שכֹּחָן יפה who (which) can endure pressure without shaking, opp. כחן רע; Zab. III, 1; B. Mets. 105ᵇ; a. e.—Gen. R. s. 98, v. לִיבְדְּקוֹס. Y. Pes. I, 27ᶜ bot. ל"ת שבא מכח עשה a prohibition derived from a positive law, v. לַאו; a. fr.—Trnsf. coition. Yeb. 34ᵃ ↗ expanded
כֹּחַ ²same. Targ. Lam. I, 6.—Bets. 2ᵇ, a. fr. (mostly in Hebrew form), v. supra. name of a lizzard. Targ. Lev. XI, 30 (h. text כח). בַּר כּוֹחָא pr. n. m. Bar-Koḥa. Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᵈ bot. ↗ expanded
כָּחַדto diminish. Pi. כִּיחֵדto withhold, deny. Num. R. s. 13 לא כ׳ מיעקב did not withhold (the truth) from &c. Hif. הִכְחִידto destroy. Num. R. s. 20 לקללן ולהַכְחִידָן to curse and destroy them. Ex. R. s. 12; a. e. Nif. נִכְחָדto be destroyed. Ib. היית נ׳ מן וכ׳ thou wouldst have been wiped out from the earth. ↗ expanded
כְּחַד [Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ bot. מכחד, v. בְּחַר.] Ithpa. אִתְכַּחַדto be destroyed. Targ. Job IV, 7. ↗ expanded
כַּחַד constr. (preced.) missing, being missed. Targ. Ps. CXXXIX, 16 (ed. Lag. a. oth. בחד, Var. כ׳). ↗ expanded
כָּחַח (onomatop., cmp. חָכַךְ II) [to scratch,] to cough, to bring up mucus. Erub. 99ᵃ כָּח בפני רבו (not כיח, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 16) he who coughs in sight of his teacher, expl. ib. כח ורק (not כיח) when he coughs and spits out. Tosef. ib. XI (VIII), 8 הכּוֹחֶה וכ׳ (fr. כָּחַהּ) he who coughs (brings mucus up in his mouth) in the street. Tanḥ. Noah 9 גונח וכוֹהֶה דם coughing and spitting blood; (Tanḥ. ed. Bub. ib. 14 גונח מלבו), v. גָּנַח. ↗ expanded
כָּחִישׁ (כְּחַשׁ) lean, weak. Kidd. 24ᵇ נהורא כ׳ feeble eye-sight, opp. בריא normal. B. Bath. 155ᵇ אי כ׳ … ליברי if he is lean, we let him be fattened. B. Mets. 105ᵇ הוה כ׳ ארעא the soil was exhausted, opp. שמינא.—Pl. כְּחִישִׁין, f. כְּחִישָׁתָא. Targ. Y. Gen. XLI, 27.—B. Kam. 118ᵇ, opp. ברייתא. ↗ expanded
כְּחִישׁוּתָא (preced.) reduction, weakness, leanness. Targ. Koh. XII, 5.—Yeb. 79ᵇ כ׳ דאתחילא ביה it was weakness that befell him (but no organic defect). Bekh. 45ᵇ כ׳ אתחלא וכ׳ it is a weakness of the right hand, v. בְּרִיאוּתָא. B. Bath. 155ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded
כָּחַלto paint the eyelids (for medical or for cosmetic purposes). Sabb. VIII, 3 (78ᵇ) כדי לִכְחוֹל וכ׳ a quantity sufficient for painting one eye. Sabb. 80ᵃ צנועות כּוֹחֲלוֹת וכ׳ chaste (veiled) women paint only one eye. Ib. X, 6 הכּוֹחֶלֶת she who paints her eyes (on the Sabbath); a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּחוּל; f. כְּחוּלָה, pl. כְּחוּלוֹת. Gen. R. s. 98 (play on חׄכׄלׄילי, Gen. XLIX, 12) שעיניהם כׄחׄולׄות וכׄחׄם יפה וכ׳ whose eyes are bright as if painted, and whose abilities for study are fine. [Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ top להכחיל, מכחיל, v. בָּחַל II.] ↗ expanded
כְּחַל 1same. Targ. II Kings IX, 30; a. e.—Sabb. 80ᵃ עין … הא לא כַחֲלֵי but people never paint one eye only! (ironically, v. infra) to blind the eyes. Ber. 58ᵃ חברוהי כַחְלִינְהוּ וכ׳ his associates put his eyes out, v. כְּבִי.—[Y. Ab. Zar. II, 40ᵈ top כחל לה, read in one w., v. חֲלָלָא.] Ithpe. אִיכְּחַלto be painted. Nidd. 55ᵇ if one desires to become blind, לִיכְּחוֹל מארמאי (מעכ"ום) let him have his eyes painted by gentiles; Y. Ab. Zar. l. c. מִיכְּחוּל מינהון. ↗ expanded
כָּחָל (tradit. pronunc. כְּחַל) m. (prob. from its reddish color, v. כַּחֲלֵי) udder, bag. Ḥull. VIII, 3. Tosef. ib. VIII, 8 כ׳ של מניקה the bag of a milk-cow; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּחַל 2 [Targ. Ps. LXXIV, 6 some ed., read כַּחֲרָא.]—Ḥull. 110ᵃ תבשילא דכחלא Ar. (ed. דכחל) a dish made of udder.—Pl. כַּחֲלֵי. Ib. בסורא … כ׳ in Sura they do not eat udders. Ib. אפקינהו כ"ע לכַחְלַיְיהוּ (not לכחלינהו) all of them brought out the udders they were about to cook. ↗ expanded
כָּחַשׁto fail, be reduced, be lean, opp. בריא, שמן. B. Kam. 34ᵃ כ׳ כשעת וכ׳ if the injured ox became reduced after being wounded, damage is assessed according to the value at the time of standing before court; Y. ib. III, end, 3ᵈ הִכְחִישׁ. Gen. R. s. 53 (ref. to Hab. III, 17) כּוֹחֲשִׁים היו (Sarah’s face) was haggard (and the announcement of the angels made it shine like olive oil); Yalk. Hab. 565 כְּחוּשִׁים; [oth. interpret., v. infra].—Part. pass. כָּחוּשׁ, f. כְּחוּשָה; pl. כְּחוּשִׁים, כְּחוּשׁוֹתlean, reduced, weak. Snh. 78ᵃ כח כ׳ a weak force. Ḥull. 97ᵃ (in Chald. diction). B. Kam. 6ᵇ אכל כ׳ if he ate fruits of a garden-bed with scanty fruits; Gitt. 48ᵇ; a. fr. (cmp. כָּזַב) to be false. Gen. R. l. c. כּוֹחֲשִׁים היו were they (the angels) false (deceiving)?— Hif. הִכְחִישׁto be reduced, fail, deteriorate. Y. B. Kam. l. c., v. supra.—Meïl. 17ᵃ מי שיש … יַכְחִישׁ וכ׳ if you have an enemy, do you desire him to be weak or strong? Ib. ימולו … ויַכְחִישׁוּ let their children be circumcised …, and they will become weak. Yeb. 34ᵇ ויַכְחִישׁ יופיה her beauty may be ruined. Y. M. Kat. I, beg. 80ᵃ עמדה מלהַכְחִישׁ if the field ceased to deteriorate; a. e. to lessen, reduce, ruin, weaken. Gitt. 70ᵃ ג׳ … מַכְחִישִׁים כחו וכ׳ three things lessen a man’s energies. Snh. 84ᵇ הִכְחִישָׁחּ באבנים he ruined the animal by loading stones upon her (without causing a wound). Y. B. Kam. l. c. הִכְחִישׁוֹ חמשים וכ׳ he lessened his (the ox’s) value by fifty Zuz. Esth. R. to I, 1 (play on אחׄשׄורׄשׄ) שהכחׄישׄ רׄאשׄן וכ׳ he caused haggardness to the heads of &c. Sabb. 22ᵃ מַכְחִישׁ מצוה he impairs the religious act (lessens the brightness of the Ḥănuckah lights). Snh. 67ᵇ; Ḥull. 7ᵇ, v. כְּשָׁפִים; a. fr.—[Yalk. Ps. 627 אַכְחֵישׁ, v. כָּעַס.] to declare false, deny, contradict, v. הַכְחָשָׁה. Keth. 20ᵃ כשם שאין מזימין … אין מַכְחִישִׁין וכ׳ as an evidence of alibi cannot be taken up except by confrontation, so cannot contradictory evidence &c. Ber. 27ᵇ יכול החי להַבְחִישׁ וכ׳ can the living contradict the living? Gen. R. s. 48, beg. מפני מה אתה מַכְחִישֵׁנִי וכ׳ why dost thou contradict me (declare me wrong) in the presence of my servant?—Sifra introd., v. כָּרַע; a. fr. Pi. כִּיחֵשׁto be false; to flatter. Sifré Deut. 356 בשעת מְכַחֲשִׁים להם … when the Israelites prosper, the nations flatter them; Yalk. Deut. 967. Hof. הוּכְחָשׁto be contradicted, rebutted. B. Kam. 74ᵇ עדים שהוּכְחֲשׁוּ בנפש witnesses that have been contradicted in a capital case.—Ib. מוּכְחָשִׁין witnesses whose evidence has been contradicted (but not rebutted through an alibi). Keth. l. c. עדות מוּכְחֶשֶׁת a rebutted evidence; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְכַּחֵשׁto contradict each other. Sifré Deut. 37 מִתְכַּחֲשׁוֹת; v., however, כָּתַשׁ. ↗ expanded
כְּחַשׁ , to be lean, weak; v. כָּחִישׁ.—Snh. 95ᵃ כ׳ חיליה his strength failed him. B. Mets. 104ᵇ (prov.) תִּכְחוֹשׁ ארעא ולא לִיכְּחוּשׁ מרה Ms. M. (ed. כחשא) let the land deteriorate (exhausted by strong seeds) rather than that its owner become reduced (by reduced income); a. e. Af. אַכְחַשׁto reduce, weaken, impair. Nidd. 47ᵇ; Yeb. 97ᵃ אַכְחֲשׁוּהוּ reduce him (by scanty food); B. Bath. 155ᵇ אכחשיה Ms. M. (corr. acc., ed. ליכחוש, v. infra). B. Kam. 34ᵃ את מַכְחֲשָׁהּ ואנא וכ׳ thou didst ruin her (by neglect), and I should pay for it? to contradict. Gen. R. s. 48, beg. אַכְחֲשָׁהּ קדמה he contradicted her (his wife) in her (the servant’s) presence. Ithpe. אִתְכְּחִישׁ, אִיכְּחוּשׁto reduce one’s self, to be reduced. B. Bath. l. c. לִיכְּחוּשׁ let him reduce himself. B. Mets. l. c., v. supra. to be contradicted, rebutted. B. Kam. 74ᵃ מִתְכַּחֲשֵׁי are contradicted, contrad. to מיתזמי, v. זְמַם I.—Snh. 81ᵇ אִתְכְּחוּשׁ בבדיקות they contradicted each other in cross-examinations, v. בְּדִיקָה. ↗ expanded
כַּחֲשָׁא (preced.) reduction, deterioration. B. Kam. 59ᵃ כַּחַשׁ גופנא the weakening of the vine (by allowing the grapes to remain on it until they are ripe). B. Mets. 101ᵇ משום כ׳ דארעא because he exhausted the soil by planting trees. Ib. 104ᵇ מנכי ליה כ׳ דארעא he must allow him a reduction of his rent in consideration of the lesser exhaustion of the soil (by having planted wheat in place of poppy). ↗ expanded
כטספטייס , Ab. Zar. 39ᵃ ed., Ms. M. כספטייס, Ḥull. 66ᵇ; Tosef. ib. III (IV), 27 כספתיאס, a corrupt. of כְּסִיפְיָיס, כְּסִיפְיָאס (ξίφιας) sword-fish, v. אכספטיאס. ↗ expanded
כיthe Greek letter Chi (χ). Men. VI, 3 כמין כי, expl. ib. 75ᵃ כמין כי יוני (Ar. יונית) drawing the figure of a Greek Chi; Tosef. ib. VIII, 8; 10; Ker. 5ᵇ; Hor. 12ᵃ, expl. כמין כף יוני ed. (Ms. M. כי). Kel. XX, 7. ↗ expanded
כֵּי (= כְּאֵי, v. אֵי III) like which?; כֵּי זֶה צַד, כֵּיזֶה צדhow?, in what manner? Tosef. B. Kam. III, 4. Tosef. Ter. I, 5; a. fr. ed. Zuck. (ed. usu. כֵּיצַד). ↗ expanded
כִּי v. כּ־) like. Sot. 35ᵇ כי סיד like lime. Y. Yeb. XVI, end, 16ᵃ כי חיה like a lying-in woman; a. fr. when. Ex. R. s. 9, beg. (ref. to Ex. VII, 9) … אם ידבר אלא כי וכ׳ it does not read, ‘if Pharaoh …, but when …; he will say so. R. Hash. 3ᵃ, v. אִי II. so, thus. Y. Ḥag. III, 77ᵇ וכי היה המעשה and thus it came to pass. Yeb. VIII, 3 לא כי הלכה וכ׳ (some ed. לא כי אלא וכ׳) it is not so; I am reciting a Halakhah. Shek. I, 4 לא כי אלא וכ׳ it is not so, but &c. B. Kam. 25ᵇ; a. fr. for. Yoma 87ᵇ (quoting from a prayer) כי עונותינו וכ׳ for our iniquities are &c. וְכִי (introducing a question to which a negative answer is expected) is it really so that? R. Hash. 9ᵃ וכי בתשעה … והלא וכ׳ do we fast on the ninth? Is it not the tenth &c.? Sabb. 4ᵃ וכי אומרים וכ׳ dare we say to a man &c.?; Men. 48ᵃ. Yoma 7ᵃ; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
כִּי ²as, like. Targ. Is. XIV, 19, v. יְחַט; a. fr., v. כְּ־.—M. Kat. 28ᵇ מותא כי מותא וכ׳ death like death, i.e. death must naturally ensue, v. חֲבוּלְיָא. Sabb. 140ᵇ. v. אוּרְכָּא.—Kidd. 81ᵃ יומא כי האידנא on a day like this.—כי הא ד־ as that which is told of &c. Pes. 117ᵃ; a. fr.—Ḥag. 2ᵃ, a. fr. דלא כי האי תנא which is not in agreement with the opinion of &c.—B. Kam. 46ᵃ לְכִי הא דאיתמר for a case like the one that is told.—Ned. 49ᵃ, a. fr. כי אתריה, v. אֲתַר.—Hor. 13ᵇ נתקין … כי לדידן let us institute something like that which has been done concerning ourselves; a. fr. when. Targ. Y. II, Lev. XXVI, 44; a. fr.—Ḥull. 110ᵃ; B. Bath. 87ᵃ כי סליק וכ׳ when R. El. went to Palestine. Snh. 74ᵃ, a. fr. כי אתא וכ׳ when R. … came (from Palestine).—וכי תימא (abbr. וכ"ת), v. אֲמָא II.—Y. Snh. VII, end, 25ᵈ כי יתבון וכ׳ (not כיי) when they sat down to eat; a. v. fr.—כי היכי a) in order that, v. הֵיכִי.—b) as well as, in the same way as. Taan. 9ᵇ כי ה׳ … הכי וכ׳ as the Babylonians are deceitful, so are their rains; a. fr.—[כַּי, v. כַּיי.] ↗ expanded
כֵּיבָא (preced.) pain, sore, v. כְּאֵבָא. Targ. Job V, 18; a. e.—B. Kam. 46ᵇ, v. כְּאֵב I. Lam. R. to II, 1 אית … לכ׳ עייבא there is a place where they call a sore ͑ayba (heaviness), v. כְּאֵב I Pa.—Esp. ulcer, ulceration (mostly as a collective noun). Sabb. 62ᵇ (ref. to Is. III, 24) חלף שופרי כ׳ instead of beauty ulcers; [Kimḥi quotes כְּוָאָה; Ms. M. כיבא כיאורא, combining two versions]. Kidd. 39ᵇ שיחנא וכ׳ scabs and ulcers. Ib. 81ᵃ [read:] יתיב עליה מלא נפשיה שיחנא וכ׳ he sat down before it (the tray), his body being full of &c.—Sabb. 67ᵃ לכ׳ לימא הכי Ar. (ed. כיפא, Ar. s. v. כס :כיסא) against ulcers say the following charm.—Pl. כֵּיבִין. Ib. שיחנין וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שחינ׳ כְּאֵיבִין, read ש׳ וכ׳).—[Koh. R. to I, 2, v. בִּיב.] ↗ expanded
כִּיבּוּד (כָּבֵד) doing honor to; respect, reverence. Peah I, 1 כ׳ אב ואם filial respect. Sifra K’dosh. beg.; Kidd. 31ᵇ, a. e. (ref. to Lev. XIX, 3, a. Ex. XX, 12) איזהו מורא ואיזהו כ׳ what constitutes filial fear (reverence), and what filial respect?—Pesik. R. s. 23—24; Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵇ top אדיין לחצי הכ׳ וכ׳ he has not come up yet to half of the filial duties which the Law implies; a. fr.—2) sweeping, cleansing. Nidd. VII, 2 (56ᵃ) עד שעת כִּבּוּד up to the time of sweeping; Nidd. 3ᵃ עד שעת הכי׳. Treat. S’maḥ. ch. XI; a. e.—Pl. כִּיבּוּדִים, כִּבּ׳. Nidd. 56ᵇ בשעת כִּבּוּדֵיהֶם when they are being swept. ↗ expanded
כִּיבּוּי (כָּבָה) extinguishing. Sabb. 120ᵇ גרם כ׳ causing extinction indirectly. Y. ib. XVII, end, 15ᵈ [read:] יש לו צורך בכ׳ he has use for (profits by) the extinction. ↗ expanded
כיבוי , Targ. Prov. XXX, 14, some ed., read: נִיבוֹי, v. נִיבָא. ↗ expanded
כִּיבּוּס (כָּבַס) washing. Zeb. XI, 3. Ib. 94ᵇ, v. כִּסְכּוּס; a. fr.—Pl. כִּיבּוּסִים, כִּבּ׳. Nidd. 56ᵇ בשעת כִּבּוּסֵיהֶן when they are being washed. ↗ expanded
כִּיבּוּשׁ (כָּבַשׁ) conquest, dominion. Y. Hor. III, 48ᶜ top בכ׳ הארץ for the conquest of Palestine. Gitt. 8ᵇ (ref. to Syria) כ׳ יחיד … כ׳ the conquest of an individual (David) is not called a (national) conquest (so as to give the land the sacred character of Palestine); ib. 47ᵃ, a. fr.—[Gen. R. s. 17 לכבוש, v. כִּינּוּס.] = כֶּבֶשׁ 2, ascent, grade. Y. Erub. II, 24ᵇ bot. [read:] כל כִּיבּוּשֵׁי כבשים … מכִּי בּוּשׁוֹ וכ׳ all grades of ascents in the Temple …, with the exception of the grade of the altar-bridge which was at the rate of about ten handbreadths to three handbreadths and one third of a finger’s width (of vertical height; i.e. 10 to 3 1/12), v. כֶּבֶשׁ.—Pl. כִּיבּוּשִׁים, כִּיבּוּשִׁין, constr. כִּיבּוּשֵׁי, v. supra. (only in pl.) means of subduing one’s pride; reproof; evil prediction, penitence. Pesik. V’zoth, p. 197ᵃ הן וכִיבּוּשֵׁיהֶן they (the blessings) but also the reproofs connected therewith (Deut. ch. XXXII); Yalk. Deut. 550. Gen. R. s. 66 (ref. to Gen. XXVII, 28) [read:] יתן לך ברכות ויתן לך כיבושיהן; Yalk. Gen. 115 כיבושין הראויות לך may He give thee blessings, but also such means of preventing overbearing as may be proper for thee.—דברי כ׳ admonitions to penitence. Taan. II, 1 (15ᵃ); Tosef. ib. I, 8. ↗ expanded
כִּיבּוּשׁ ² (v. כְּבַשׁ 3) fastening, connection, hammering in, welding. Targ. I Kings VII, 29 עובד כ׳ welding work (h. text מורד). Ib. 30 ככְבַשׁ constr. (h. text מֵעֵבֶר!). Ib. 36 (כֵּי׳) כֵּבַשׁ חד one connected body (h. text כמער איש).—Pl. כִּיבּוּשִׁין. Targ. Ex. XXVII, 10, a. e. sockets for the hooks (h. text חֲשֻׁק־). Targ. I Kings VII, 33 naves (h. text חִשֻּׁר־). ↗ expanded
כִּידוֹן 1 (b. h.) name of a tree, trnsf. light spear, javelin. Kel. XI, 8. Num. R. s. 9 יכול ככ׳ you might think (Absalom with his head of hair was slender, looking) like a kidon, opp. כחרובית; Y. Sot. I, 17ᵇ בכ׳ (corr. acc.); Midr. Sam. ch. XIII; ib. XXVII; a. e.—Pl. כִּידוֹנִים. Yalk. Gen. 133. ↗ expanded
כִּידוֹן 2 (b. h.) pr. n. m. Kidon; גורן כ׳ the threshing floor of K. (I Chr. XIII, 9), in place of נָכוֹן (II Sam. VI, 6). Sot. 35ᵇ; Num. R. s. 4 בתחלה כ׳ וכ׳ at first (the Ark was shaking like) a javelin (v. preced.), but afterwards (it was) firmly established; [oth. interpret., v. Rashi to Sot. l. c.] ↗ expanded
כִּיהוּן (denom. of כֹּהֵן) priestly outfit. Yoma 43ᵃ הכהן בכִיהוּנוֹ ‘the priest’ (as such) in his priestly garments (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 7); Yalk. Num. 760. ↗ expanded
כִּיּוּן (b. h.) Kiyyun, name of an idol. Targ. Am. V, 26 (some ed. כִּיוּוּן). ↗ expanded
כִּיוָּן (כּוּן) [firmness, directness, fitness;] (adv.) directly, exactly. Pes. 37ᵃ אפשר … ויקבענה כ׳ he may form the dough in a mould and attach it to the cake directly (well fitting, without loss of time). Tam. III, 6 אחד … ואחד פותח כ׳ (with one key) a priest puts his hand through an opening in the door (v. אַמָּה), and another priest opens (with the other key) directly; (Talm. ed. 30ᵇ ואחד שהוא פותח כ׳ and another key which opens directly). (conj. followed by ש־) as soon as, since. Macc. 3ᵃ, a. fr. כ׳ שהגיד וכ׳ as soon as a witness has finished his evidence, he is not permitted to testify again (retract or modify). Keth. 11ᵃ כ׳ שהגדילה וכ׳ as soon as she was of age for one while without protesting &c. Erub. 93ᵇ כ׳ שהותרה הותרה being once permitted (for one part of the Sabbath), it remains permitted; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
כֵּיוָןfirmly established, true, straightforward. Targ. Deut. XIII, 15 (h. text נָכוֹן). Targ. Hab. I, 4 לא כ׳ (h. text מעוקל).—Pl. כֵּיוָנֵיhonest men. Targ. O. Gen. XLII, 11; 19; a. e. (conj. followed by ד־) as soon as, when, since(also כִּיוָּן). Targ. Y. Gen. XXI, 15. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXVIII, 10; a. fr.—Ber. 8ᵃ כ׳ דאמרי ליה when they told him. Ib. כ׳ דשמענא להא וכ׳ when we heard that which &c.; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
כֵּיוָנָא 1 c. (preced.) straight, proper. Targ. II Sam. XXII, 31 (ed. Lag. כֵּוָונָא).—Pl. f. כֵּיוָנָן. Targ. Ps. XVIII, 31 (ed. Lag. כֵּוָו׳); a. e. ↗ expanded
כֵּיוָנָא 2 (preced.) propriety, proper thing(h. . Targ. Job XLII, 7 (ed. Wil. כְּוַ׳); ib. 8 (ed. Lag. כֵּיוָו׳). Targ. Mic. III, 9 (ed. Lag. כֵּיוָונִיתָא). Targ. Am. V, 10 (ed. Lag. בֵּוָונִיתָא; h. text תמים).—Pl. כֵּיוָנָן. Targ. Is. XXXIII, 15; XLV, 19 (h. text מישרים).—[Targ. Ps. XXXII, 9 כיונא, some ed., read: בִּיּוּנָא.] ↗ expanded
כִּיּוּר (כִּיר, כִּיד) paneling work, panel (abacus). B. Bath. 53ᵇ וסד בהן סיוד אחד או כ׳ אחד and added one piece of stucco or one panel. Midd. IV, 6 אמה כ׳ one cubit for the paneling work (tablature of the ceiling in the Temple). Zeb. 62ᵃ, v. כַּרְכּוֹב. ↗ expanded
כִּיּוֹרbasin, esp. the laver for the priests in the Temple court. Midd. III, 6. Tosef. Yoma II, 2; a. e. ↗ expanded
כִּיוֹרָא Targ. Ex. XXX, 18; a. fr.—Pl. כִּיוֹרִין, כִּיוֹרַיָּא. Targ. II Chr. IV, 6. Targ. I Kings VII, 40; a. e. ↗ expanded
כִּיוּרָאpanel-work. Targ. II Chr. VI, 13 (h. text כִּיוֹר).—Pl. constr. כִּיוֹרֵי; כ׳ ארזיאcedar panels in ceilings. Targ. II Sam. VII, 2; 7; Targ. I Chr. XVII, 1 (ed. Rahm. כייורי).—Targ. Jer. XXII, 14. Targ. Ḥag. I, 4 (ed. Wil. נִסְרֵי). ↗ expanded
כִּיחַ (כָּחַח) coughing, phlegm of the lungs. Erub. 99ᵃ בכִיחוֹ it refers to the phlegm in his mouth. Ib. כיחו שנתלש phlegm which is loose in the mouth. [Ib. כיח ורק, כ׳ בפני, v. כָּחַח.]—B. Kam. 3ᵇ כיחו וניעו the phlegm brought out by coughing or hawking. Nidd. 55ᵇ. Ib. 56ᵃ כיחו וניעו ורוקי phlegm, mucus and spittle (prob. to be read כרוקו). Kidd. 81ᵇ (in Chald. dict.) כיחו, v. אִכְמַר. ↗ expanded
כַּיָּיל (כּוּל) measurer, a rural officer. Y. B. Mets. IX, beg. 12ᵃ.—Pl. כַּיָּילִין. Tosef. ib. IX, 14 הביי׳ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כַּיְילָא (preced.) measure. B. Mets. 40ᵃ (Ms. H. בכילתא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6). Bets. 38ᵇ כיי׳ חסריה Ms. M. (ed. כי׳) he lessened the measure (quantity) of his wheat by taking out the pebbles. Ib. 29ᵃ מנא דכ׳ a vessel used for measuring. ↗ expanded
כילדין , Y. Pes. III, beg. 29ᵈ והוא עביד כ׳ (?)—prob. a corrupt. to be restored after Bab. Pes. 42ᵇ שואבת הזוהמא. ↗ expanded
כִּילָה (כּוּל or כָּלַל) [enclosure,] curtain, curtained bed, canopy. Gen. R. s. 36, beg. כדיין שמותחין כ׳ על פניו like a judge before whom they spread the curtain (that he may be undisturbed; Lev. R. s. 5 את הוילון). Y. Sabb. XX, beg. 17ᶜ (in Chald. dict.) ההן כ׳ דעל וכ׳ that curtain before the ark. Succ. 10ᵇ מותר לישן בכ׳ וכ׳ it is permitted to sleep in the Succah in a tester-bed though it has a top cover. Ib. 11ᵃ כִּילַת חתנים a bridal bed (without cover overhead). Num. R. s. 12 (ref. to Cant. III, 9, v. אַפִּרְיוֹן) ‘the king … made for himself a bridal litter’, that is the world שהוא עשוי כמין כ׳ which is formed like a canopy (v. Ps. CIV, 2, sq.). Ib. s. 13; a. fr.—Pl. כִּילָיוֹת, כִּילָאוֹת (fr. כִּילַי or כִּילָא). Gen. R. s. 28 (Yalk. ib. 47 וִילָאוֹת, some ed. פלאות, read: כִּילָ׳). ↗ expanded
כִּילּוּי (כָּלָה) finishing. Sifra K’dosh. ch. I; Y. Peah IV, 18ᵇ בשעת הכ׳ at the time when the end of the field is cut (with ref. to תכלה, Lev. XIX, 9); a. e. extinction, destruction. Lev. R. s. 7, beg. (ref. to שמד, Deut. IX, 20) כ׳ בנים וכ׳ the extinction of his family; ib. s. 10. Mekh. Bo s. 8 מצות כִּילּוּייוֹ בכל דבר it (the leavened bread) may be destroyed in any manner, opp. מצות כ׳ בשריפה it must be destroyed by fire. ↗ expanded
כִּילּוּיָא , destruction.—*כּילּוּי סִילְוֵי (or סִילְיֵי) destruction of thistles, name of an insect, prob. caterpillar (or bruchus (?), v. Sm. Ant. s. v.). Gen. R. s. 51, beg. (expl. שבלול, Ps. LVIII, 9) [read:] כהדין כ׳ סיליי כשלשול וכ׳ [לימצא is a gloss borrowed from a comment. to Ps. l. c. and absent in Yalk. Ps. 776] like the caterpillar, like the abdominal secretion &c. Y. Shek. VI, 50ᵃ top כקרני סיליי וכיליי (Bab. ed. to VI, 2 Ms. M. סילוי וכילוי, early ed. only ס׳) the water coming forth from the Temple (Zech. XIV, 8) will be … as minute as the horns (feelers) of the caterpillar (thinner than those of חגבים). ↗ expanded
כִּילּוּלָא (כלל) crowning, finishing; כִּילּוּל בָּתֵּיhouse-finishing, the reception given on the finishing of a house. Tanḥ. B’resh. 2 (Sh’ilt. 1 הילול בתי). ↗ expanded
כִּילוֹן (v. אוּבְלָא II) one whose head has the shape of a basket (calathus), wedge-shaped. Bekh. VII, 1, expl. ib. 43ᵇ. [Mus. refers to Lat. cilo.] ↗ expanded
כילוס , Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵇ bot., v. בילוס ↗ expanded
*כילופיס , Pesik. R. s. 23 כשהן כ׳, read: כשהוא פִּילוֹטִימוֹס (φιλότιμος) when he is liberal (v. פילוטמיא). ↗ expanded
כִּילִי (χιλι-) one thousand-. Pesik. Baḥod., p. 107ᵇ; Pesik. R. s. 21; Yalk. Ps. 796 [read:] כילי כיליאדין מירי מיריאדין (χιλι-χιλιάδες, μυρι-μυρίαδες) a thousand times thousand, a myriad of myriads. ↗ expanded
כִּילְכִּית (= כילכלית, v. כלכל; or denom. of כלב, cmp. כּוּלָב) name of a small fish, supposed to be stickleback. Tosef. Ab. Zar. IV (V), 11 כל שכילכ׳ אחת או שתי כּוּלְכִּיּוֹת וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. כלכלת … כלכליות, כלבת … כלביות) when one or two k. swim in it (the brine); Ab. Zar. 39ᵇ bot. כילבית … כילביות ed. (Ms. M. מלכי, read כי׳ as ib. 40ᵃ; Alf. ed. Cost. כלכלית, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). Sabb. 77ᵇ אימת כילב׳ וכ׳ ed. (Ms. M. כּוּלְכִּית, Ms. O. כילכ׳) the fear which the Leviathan has of the k.—Ḥull. 97ᵃ ↗ expanded
כִּילַן , curtain, cover. Targ. Y. I Gen. XXV, 25 (Y. II כִּבְלַן read: כָּכְלַן, q. v.).—Y. Meg. III, 73ᵈ bot. [read:] תחתוי דההן כ׳ under the curtain or wrapper (for the chest containing the Book of the Law). ↗ expanded
כִּילְתָא 1same, enclosure; bridal canopy, curtained bed. Targ. Job XV, 32 כִּילְתֵיה Ms. (ed. כַּלְתֵיה, h. text כִּפָּה). Targ. Y. Ex. II, 1. Targ. Y. Gen. XLVI, 21 כֵּילַת הילולא (to h. text חֻפִּים, v. חוּפָּה).—Snh. 29ᵇ בכִילְתֵיה behind the curtain of his bed-room. Succ. 26ᵃ למיגנא בכ׳ וכ׳ to sleep in the Succah under a canopy. ↗ expanded
כִּימָה or כמם, cmp. Assyr. Kimmut, Rawl. Five Gr. Mon. ch. VII; Kimtu family, Schr. KAT2 p. 557) Kimah (gathering), a constellation, prob. Draco (not Pleiades). Ber. 58ᵇ (etymol. play) כׄמׄאהׄ ככבי as bright as a hundred stars. Ib. 59ᵃ; Yalk. Gen. 56 נטל … מכ׳ וכ׳ the Lord took two stars away from K. and brought the flood &c.; R. Hash. 11ᵇ, sq. B. Mets. 106ᵇ. Y. Taan. I, 64ᵃ bot. Num. R. s. 10 הדעת … ככ׳ knowledge is compared to the K … מה כ׳ מבשלת וכ׳ as the Kimah causes the ripening of the fruits and gives them taste, so does knowledge &c. Gen. R. s. 10 כ׳ מעדנת וכ׳, v. עָדַן; a. e. ↗ expanded
כִּינָּה (כנן, cmp. קנן) nest, cavity, chamber.—Pl. כִּינִּים, כִּינִּין, כִּנִּ׳. Lev. R. s. 14 Ar. (ed. קינין); Yalk. Job 905; cmp. כּוֹנָנִית. (b. h. pl. כִּנִּים, collect. כִּנָּם) vermin, louse (also collect.). Par. IX, 2 הכ׳ שבתבואה the vermin in grain. Ḥag. 5ᵃ; a. e.—Pl. as above. B. Kam. 82ᵃ הורג כ׳ שבבני מעיים (Var. in Ms. הכינה) (garlic) kills the parasites in entrails. Pes. 112ᵇ. Kidd. 49ᵇ; Esth. R. to I, 3; a. fr.—Sabb. 107ᵇ ביצי כ׳ nits, or a species of vermin called lice-nits; Ab. Zar. 3ᵇ ↗ expanded
כִּינּוּי (כָּנָה) by-name, surname; attribute, substituted word. Snh. VII, 5 דנין … בכ׳ the witnesses are examined by using a substitute for the Divine Name (v. יוֹסֵי). Sot. VII, 6 במקדש … ובמדינה בכִינּוּיוֹ in the Temple the Divine Name is pronounced as it is written, in the country (outside the Temple) by its substitute (Ădonai). Ib. 38ᵃ בכ׳, opp. שם המפורש; a. e.—Pl. כִּינּוּיִים, כִּינּוּיִין, כִּנּ׳. Ned. I, 1 כִּינּוּיֵי נדרים words used as substitutes for vows (נדר); ib. 2 כ׳ לחרם substitutes for ḥerem (v. חֵרֶק); a. fr.—כִּינּוּיֵי כִּינּוּיִין secondary substitutes, e.g. the use of g’rog’roth for tirosh and this for eshkol, v. גְּרוֹגֶרֶת. Tosef. Naz. II, 1; Y. ib. II, beg. 51ᵈ ↗ expanded
כִּינּוּס (כָּנַס) gathering, piling up. Kel. XV, 5 העשוי לכ׳ a vessel used for piling up (shovel &c.), opp. לקבלה as a receptacle. Nidd. 49ᵇ כ׳ ע"י הדחק receiving (absorbing) liquids under pressure (through pores, perforations &c.) B. Bath. 68ᵃ בית כ׳ העצים (Ms. O. כּוֹנֵס; Tosef. ib. III, 3 כְּנִיסַת) store-room for wood. Snh. VIII, 5 כ׳ לרשעים כו׳ gathering (living together) of the wicked is bad &c., opp. פִּיזּוּר. Y. Kidd. I, 59ᵈ top מקום כ׳ שיער a spot of the body where hair grows in quantities. Gen. R. s. 32 (ref. to Gen. VII, 5) זה שיכון לכ׳ וכ׳ this is the execution of the command to gather in the animals. Midr. Till. to Ps. VIII (ref. to ויצר, Gen. II, 19) לשון כ׳ it means the gathering (the animals before Adam); Gen. R. s. 17 וכאן לכבוש (corr. acc.); a. fr. (cmp. כְּנֶסֶת) retirement for prayer. Gen. R. s. 84, beg. (ref. to קבוציך, Is. LVII, 13) כִּינּוּסוֹ וכ׳ בניו וכ׳ his (Jacob’s) and his sons’ prayers saved him &c.; Yalk. Gen. 140; Yalk. Is. 349. ↗ expanded
כִּיסreceptacle, pouch, bag; purse, fund. Bekh. 39ᵇ; Tosef. ib. IV, 6, v. זוּבָּן. B. Kam. X, 1 כ׳ של גבאין the collection fund of (royal) collectors. Erub. 65ᵇ בכִיסוֹ, v. כּוֹס I. Keth. X, 4 שהטילו לכ׳ who formed a partnership for business. Y. Hor. III, 48ᶜ (ref. to Prov. XVI, 11) כולהם … מכ׳ אחד all of them receive their wages out of the same fund (of divine rewards).—חסרון כ׳, v. חֶסְרוֹן.—Sabb. 53ᵃ הזב בכ׳ שלו the gonorrhoist with his bag (for his genitals); העזים בכ׳ וכ׳ the goats with the bag over their teats; Tosef. ib. IV (V), 5 בכיסין. Lev. R. s. 12 (ref. to כיס, K’ri כוס, Prov. XXIII, 31) הוא נותן עינו בכוס וחנוני … בכ׳ he (the drunkard) sets his eye on the cup, the shopkeeper—on the money bag. Ib. בכיס כתיב לשון נקי הוא it is written (Prov. l. c.) ‘on the bag’ which is a euphemism (for illicit intercourse) as in (Prov. I, 14) &c. Tanḥ. Sh’mini 11; a. fr.—Pl. כִּיסִים, כִּיסִין. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᵈ bot.—Tosef. l. c.; a. e. ↗ expanded
כִּיס ² Targ. XLVI, 6. Targ. Prov. I, 14; a. e.—Ber. 58ᵇ לא שקל ידא מן כ׳ never took his hand out of his pocket (always prepared for charity). Pes. 113ᵃ שרי כִּיסָיךְ וכ׳ untie thy purse, open thy sack, i.e. sell only for cash (Var. lect., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). [Sabb. 67ᵃ לכ׳ לימא הכי Ar. for a bag (ulcer), v. כֵּיבָא.]—Pl. כִּיסַיָּא, כִּיסֵי. Y. Kidd. I, 60ᵈ, v. גְּרַר. Ab. Zar. 70ᵃ כמה כ׳ וכ׳ how many money-bags ought to be found on the street! Sabb. 147ᵃ כִּיסֵי בבלייתא pouches (a sort of cape or hood) worn by the Babylonian women; (Ar.: כישי, Ms. M. כושי, v. כִּישָׁא a. מַרְזֵב).—V. כִּיסְתָא. ↗ expanded
כֵּיסָא (כְּסַס) thorn (cmp. קֵיסָא).—Pl. כֵּיסִין, כֵּיסֵי, כִּיסּ׳. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᶜ bot. מקטוע כ׳ to cut thorns. Sabb. 77ᵇ אכל כ׳ (Ms. M. בוצי, ביני, Ar. ביסי) (the camel) eats thorns. B. Mets. 42ᵇ, sq. בכ׳ … דמי כ׳ (Ms. H. ב׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6) when what he gave him in trust was thorns (on which the cuscuta was hanging), and he pays him the value of thorns. fodder, v. כִּיסְתָא II. ↗ expanded
כִּיסּוּחַ (כָּסַח) cutting down, clearing. M. Kat. 3ᵃ. Gen. R. s. 12; Cant. R. to I, 1; Koh. R. to II, 12 דרך הכ׳ in the path made by clearing the thicket; a. e. ↗ expanded
כִּיסּוּי (כָּסָה II) act of covering. Ḥull. VI, 1 כ׳ הדם the law concerning the covering with ashes of the blood of killed animals (Lev. XVII, 13). Ib. 4 כ׳ אחד לכולן for all of them one covering up is sufficient.—Koh. R. to IV, 6 (ref. to וכסה, Lev. XVI, 13) הכ׳ הזה וכ׳ what this expression ‘to cover’ meant &c. cover, lid, roofing. Num. R. s. 4 כי׳ interch. with כסוי (b. h. כְּסוּי constr.). Gen. R. s. 1 וכִיסּוּיוֹ, v. אִלְפֵּס. Pes. 94ᵃ ככ׳ קדירה like the lid of a pot. Kel. XII, 3, v. טְנִי. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. IV, 11 כ׳ קביא, v. קַבְיָא; a. fr.—[Pesik. R. s. 39 בחדש שהוא כי׳, read: כָּסוּי, v. כָּסָה I.]—Pl. כִּיסּוּיִין, כִּסּ׳. Tosef. l. c.; a. e.—[Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ הכיסוין, read: הכְּסוּיִין, v. כָּסָה II.] ↗ expanded
כִּיסּוּיָאcovering, roofing. Taan. 22ᵇ ככ׳ דתנורא (Ms. M. כי כיסתא, corr. acc.) as high up as the arch of the oven. cover, cloak. Keth. 68ᵃ לבושא וכ׳ garment and wrap.—Pl. כִּיסּוּיִין. Targ. II Esth. VI, 10 [read:] מן כִּיסּוּיַי.— secret.—Pl. fem. כִּיסּוּיָין, כִּסּ׳. Targ. Job XI, 6. ↗ expanded
כִּיסּוּפָא (כְּסַף) putting to shame; disgrace, shame. Targ. Y. Gen. III, 10 (nakedness). Targ. Ps. LXIX, 8 (fem.); a. fr.—Hor. 13ᵇ אתיא מילתא לידי כ׳ this may lead to putting (R. S.) to shame. Taan. 9ᵇ רחמנא … מכ׳ דשימי the Lord save us from being put to shame through Shimi (by his questions). Snh. 11ᵃ מחמת כ׳ in order to save the man from shame. Taan. 25ᵃ top משום כ׳ to avoid exposure, v. אַקְטַרְתָּא. B. Kam. 86ᵇ כ׳ feeling of shame, contrad. to זילותא disgrace though not felt. Num. R. s. 14 בלשון ירושלמי … כס׳ in the Jerusalem dialect (of the Chaldaic) they say for ḥerpah, kissufa. [כיסופין Targ. Prov. II, 22 some ed., read: נסופין, v. סוּף II ch.] ↗ expanded
כִּיסִיתָא (dimin. of כִּיס) a little bag. Meg. 26ᵇ bot. מיעבדיה … כ׳ לסיפרא Ms. M. (Ms. M. 2 כִּסְוָאתָא pl. of כִּסְוָא; Ms. O. כִּיסְתָא; ed. פריסא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) to alter it into a bag for a book of the Law. ↗ expanded
כִּיסְכּוּס (כִּסְכֵּס) rubbing (clothes, in washing). Zeb. 94ᵇ כיבוס … כ׳ washing without rubbing. ↗ expanded
כִּיסָנִין (כסס, adopt. fr. Chald.; cmp. מְלִילָה) nibblings, dessert. Tosef. Ber. IV, 4 כסאנ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. כיסאנ׳, כיסנ׳). Ber. 41ᵇ פת הבאה בכ׳ bread offered as dessert. Y. Snh. X, 28ᵈ top נשים … מיני כ׳ women selling all kinds of sweetmeats (Sifré Num. 131 בשמים). Y. Pes. X, beg. 37ᵇ מיני כִּיסָנִית nibblings. ↗ expanded
כִּיסְנִין Targ. Y. Num. XXIV, 25 (v. Y. Snh. quot. in preced.). Targ. I Kings XIV, 3 (h. text נקדים). Targ. Josh. IX, 5; 12 crumbling (h. text נקדים).—Erub. 29ᵇ כיסא׳, כסא׳ ed. (Ar. ed. Koh. כוסאני, oth. ed. כי׳). Keth. 17ᵇ ארמלתא לית לה כ׳ at the wedding of a widow no nibblings (roasted ears) are distributed. ↗ expanded
כִּיסְתָא 1 = כִּיסָא, bag. Ber. 24ᵃ bot. בכ׳ (Ms. F. בכִיסְתֵיה) in the bag (of the T’fillin). Sabb. 105ᵇ top דעבדה כי׳ Ms. M. (ed. כי כסתא, Rashi כי כי׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) when he shapes the garment so as to form (a kind of) a pocket. Pes. 72ᵃ ודמי ליה כמאן דמנחא בכִיסְתֵיה and it was to him as if lying in his pocket (ever ready to recite it); Keth. 50ᵃ; Meg. 7ᵇ בכִיסֵיה. [Keth. 98ᵃ, v. כְּסִיתָא.] ↗ expanded
כִּיסְתָא 2 (כְּסַס) fodder. Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 25; 32 (v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 9; Targ. Y. אספסתא, Ar. כַּסָּא). Targ. Jud. XIX, 19; 21 (some ed. כִּסְתָא); a. e.—B. Mets. 85ᵃ כדהוה רמי כ׳ וכ׳ when casting fodder for the animal. ↗ expanded
כִּיעוּר (כָּעַר) hideousness. Ḥull. 44ᵇ (prov.) הרחק מן הכ׳ וכ׳ keep aloof from everything hideous and from whatever seems hideous; Ab. d’R. N. ch. II; Tosef. Yeb. IV, 7; a. e. ↗ expanded
כֵּיף [ball,] rock.—Pl. כֵּיפִים, constr. כֵּיפֵי, כֵּפֵי. Y. Shek. VI, 50ᵃ; Gen. R. s. 23, v. בַּרְבַּרְיָא. (v. כִּיפָּה) arch, tuft, umbel. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. V, 5 כ׳ של נייר a tuft of papyrus; כ׳ של סיב of hemp.—Pl. כֵּיפִין, כֵּפִ׳. Ib., sq.; v. כִּיפָּה. ↗ expanded
כֵּיף ² , rock, stone, ball. Targ. Is. XXXII, 2. Targ. Prov. XVII, 8; a. fr.—Y. Shek. V, 48ᵈ היי דין כ׳ מקורר וכ׳ which rock (when bored) will give forth water, and which &c., v. שְׁרַבְרוּבֵי.—Pl. כֵּיפִין, כֵּיפַיָּא, כֵּיפֵי. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 13. Targ. I Kings XIX, 11. Targ. Ps. CIV, 18; a. fr.—כיפי טבתא pearls, jewels. Targ. Prov. III, 15; a. e.—M. Kat. 25ᵇ כ׳ דנורא (Ms. M. טיפי) fire-balls; כ׳ דברדא hail-stones. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 43ᵈ דאת אילין כ׳ … thou must remove these stones. Keth. 112ᵃ bot. מנשק כ׳ דעכו kissed the rocks (Rashi: corals) of the shore of Ptolemais (as sacred ground); Y. Shebi. IV, end, 35ᶜ לכֵיפָתָא. Ib. מתקל כֵּיפֵי weighed the stones (to demonstrate his appreciation of the sacred ground); a. fr.—Esp. כֵּיפֵי (v. supra) precious stones, jewelry (prob. amber, v. כֵּיפָה). Erub. 96ᵇ; Keth. 81ᵇ כ׳ תלא לה has he jewelry suspended on it (his opinion)?, i.e. must his opinion absolutely be accepted?—B. Bath. 52ᵃ. B. Mets. 35ᵃ אפקיד כ׳ וכ׳ gave jewelry in trust &c. Ib. הב לי כֵּיפַי (Ms. M. כֵּיפַאי) give me my jewelry back; a. e.—3) also כַּפָּא (cmp. גֵּיף, כַּף &c.) shore, border. Targ. Jud. VII, 12. Targ. Is. XIX, 7 ככֵיפֵיה (ed. Lag. ככפיה; ed. Wil. בכיפי, corr. acc.) like its shore.—Pes. 4ᵃ, v. אֲסִיסְנָא. Ned. 40ᵃ bot. נהרא מכֵּיפֵיה וכ׳ the Euphrates grows from (the waters coming down) its shores (not from rain); Sabb. 65ᵇ; Bekh. 55ᵇ. Koh. R. to XI, 1 הוה מיטמר בכיף ימא (some ed. בכֵף) was hiding himself at the sea-shore; a. e.—Pl. as ab. Targ. Is. VIII, 7 כֵּיפוֹהִי; Targ. Josh. III, 15 (some ed. כַּפּוֹהִי).—Sabb. 65ᵇ מכֵּיפֵי some ed. (v. supra).—M. Kat. l. c. נשוק כ׳ … אהדדי the shores of … touched each other (the waters rising to the level of the shores; Rashi: the arches of the ruined bridges, v. infra).—4) arch, vault, v. כִּיפְתָא.—5) cap, v. כִּיפָּה.—6) bundle, sheaf, v. כַּפָּא. [כיפא, Tosef. Mikv. IV, 5, v. כִּיפָּה, end.] ↗ expanded
כֵּיפָה (v. כֵּיף) ball, stone. Ohol. VIII, 5 כֵּיפַת הברד hail-stone. resin (or something similar) found in balls. Tosef. Dem. I, 29 כֵּפַת המרחץ ed. Zuck. (Var. בפת, emend. by El. Wil. קופת) resin used (with oil) in the bath-room.—כֵּיפַת הירדן Jordan-resin, amber (an adapt. of Eridanus, v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Electrum, Lübker’s Reallex. s. v. Electron). Kerith. 6ᵃ (one of the ingredients of frankincense). ball, lump. Y. Sabb. V, 7ᵇ bot. (in Chald. dict.), v. גְּבִינְתָּא. ↗ expanded
כִּיפָה = כְּפִיפָה, bending. Y. Succ. III, 54ᵃ top (in mixed dict.) כ׳ קומוי (not קומי) bending is due before Him; Y. Meg. I, 72ᵃ top בפה קומך (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כִּיפָּהarch, doorway, bow. Yeb. 80ᵇ עושה כ׳ forms a bow (when urinating). Yoma 11ᵇ; Erub. 11ᵇ כ׳ ר"מ וכ׳ as to an arched doorway R. M. says, it requires a M’zuzah. Tosef. ib. VII (V), 2 עד מקום הכי׳ (ed. Zuck. הקופא) to the site of the (now ruined) arch (of Tiberias); Y. ib. V, 22ᵈ bot. עד הכ׳. Y. Naz. VII, 56ᵃ top הגיעו לכ׳ when they arrived at the arch (or arcade). Ab. Zar. I, 7 (16ᵃ) כ׳ שמעמידין וכ׳ the arched chamber in the bath where they put up idolatrous statues. Pesik. R. s. 41 כ׳ של חשבונות … אותה כ׳ an arcade named Arch of Accounts (a sort of Exchange) existed outside of Jerusalem, and they used to go out and settle their accounts under this arcade &c. Tanḥ. B’shall. 17 (ref. to קפאו, Ex. XV, 8) כמין כפה (Mekh. ib., Shir. s. 6 קופה) like a vault; a. e.—Esp. כִּיפַּת הרקיע, or כִּופָּהthe heavenly arch, sky (believed to be a solid mass). Gen. R. s. 48, beg. Gen. R. s. 4 הרקיע … ולמעלה … כ׳ וכ׳ the firmament is like a lake, and above the lake is the arch, and owing to the heat of the lake the arch exudes drops &c. B. Bath. 25ᵇ אחורי כ׳ back of (above) the sky. Meg. 11ᵃ ג׳ מלכו תחת הכ׳ Ms. M. 2 (ed. בכ׳, Ms. M. 1 בקופה) three persons ruled over the whole world; a. e. a vaulted chamber, prison. Snh. IX, 3 כונסין אותן לכ׳ they put them in prison (for life). Ib. 5. skull-cap, cap. Y. Gitt. IV, 45ᵈ bot.; Bab. Gitt. 20ᵃ; v. אנדכתרי; Treat. ʿĂbadim ch. III (ed. Kirchh.) קיפה. Sabb. 57ᵇ כ׳ של צמר a woolen cap, v. כָּבוּל II. Y. ib. V, end, 7ᶜ כ׳ של צמר a woolen cap on the head of a lamb, v. חָנוּן I; a. e.—Tosef. Mikv. IV, 5, v. infra. (cmp. קוּפָּה) heap, pile. Y. Snh. X, 27ᵈ bot.; Y. M. Kat. III, 83ᶜ top כ׳ של אבנים a heap of stones; Gen. R. s. 100 כִּיפַּת אבנים. Ḥull. 129ᵃ כִּיפַּת שאור וכ׳ a heap (lump) of leavened dough which one intended to use as a block to sit on; Pes. 45ᵇ כופת some ed. (corr. acc.; Ms. M. 2 כי׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 90); v. כּוֹפֶת.—Pl. כִּיפִּין, כִּפִּים (or כֵּיפִ׳ fr. כֵּיף) a) top-branches (arches) of palm-trees. Tosef. Shebi., VII, 16 על (של) בין הכֵּיפִ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. על מה שבכי׳, שבכופין); Pes. 53ᵃ על של בין הכ׳ as long as there are fruits in the tops. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. II, 1 שכיפת שתי כ׳ של תמרה וכ׳ (R. S. to Kel. XXII, 9 כופות) who tied together two palm branches and sat upon them. Sabb. XXIV, 2 מפספסין את הכ׳ you may spread the bunches of branches (for fodder), contrad. to זִירִין a. פְּקִיעִין. Ib. 155ᵃ כ׳ תלתא bunches are called kippin when tied with three bands.—b) billow-crests, surf. Sot. 34ᵃ. Ḥag. 19ᵃ; Ḥull. 31ᵇ אין מטבילין בכ׳ you must not immerse vessels in the surf (caps of waves), contrad. to ראשין; Tosef. Mikv. IV, 5 בכיפא ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. בכיפה). ↗ expanded
כִּיפֵּחַ (כָּפַח, קָפַח, v. כּוּפָּח) (sub. שוקים) one having high and arched shoulders, hump-backed. Y. Keth. VII, end, 31ᵈ עובדא … בכ׳ (not בכופיח) a case (petition for divorce) came before R. J. against a husband who had become hump-backed (after marriage), and he forced him (to a divorce). (v. גִּבֵּחַ, גְּבִיחַ)an extremely tall and unshapely person. Bekh. VII, 6 (45ᵇ) כ׳ Ar. (ed. קפ׳), v. גִּבֵּחַ. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᵇ bot. כ׳; Bab. Ber. 58ᵇ קפח ed. (Ms. M. קי׳; Ms. F. כופה, corr. acc.); Tosef. ib. VII (VI), 3 כ׳ (Var. כִּיפֵּיחַ, קפח); Tanḥ. Pinḥ. 10; ed. Bub. 1 ק׳. V. הִדְרָנִיקוֹס. ↗ expanded
כֵּיפֵיBe-Khefé in Babylonia. Ber. 31ᵃ (Ms. M. קופאי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). ↗ expanded
כֵּיפְלָא (כְּפַל) duplication; בכ׳double. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XLIII, 12. Targ. Job XLII, 10; a. fr.—Y. Pes. 30ᵈ bot. [read:] וקנסיה בכֵיפְלָה and he fined him double the amount. Y. Peah VII, 20ᵇ top בכפ׳ הוות מעביד׳ it would have yielded twice the quantity. Gen. R. s. 91 יהבון לי בכ׳ give me double the amount. Lam. R. to I, 5 אוכלוסין בכ׳ twice as many troops; a. e.—V. כְּפֵילָא. ↗ expanded
כִּיפְתָאvault, vaulted chamber; arcade. Y. Snh. VII, 25ᵈ top תפשיתון כיפ׳ the vaulted chamber (in the bath) seized them (kept them spell-bound). Y. Naz. VII, 56ᵃ top כ׳ דקסרין the arcade of the gate of Caesarea (considered unclean); Y. Ber. III, 6ᵃ כִּפְתָה דק׳.—Pl. כִּיפִּין. Targ. II Esth. I, 5, v. כְּפַף. bow, curve. Targ. Job XLI, 12 דעביד כיפא which forms a bow (in boiling over; h. text ואגמן); cmp. כִּיפָּה beg. ↗ expanded
כֵּיפְתָא (כְּפַף) stocks, an instrument of torture in the shape of a wooden collar. Targ. Jer. XX, 2, sq.; ib. XXIX, 26 (h. text מהפכת, which Rashi explains by כיפה). (v. כְּפִיפָה) muzzle with fodder basket. Snh. 98ᵇ בטולא דכי׳ דחמריה Ms. M. (ed. דכופיתא, v. כַּפּוּתָא) in the shadow of the basket of the Messiah’s ass.—Pl. כֵּיפָתָא, כֵּפָ׳. Midr. Sam. ch. XXI (expl. ירומו, Ps. CXL, 9, v. זְמָם) רומם כֵּפָתוֹי (some ed. כְּפֵפָתוֹי) lift high his muzzle (strengthen his enemies); Lev. R. s. 21; Yalk. Sam. 126 חזק כתפוי (corr. acc.) tighten his muzzle.—[Y. Shebi. IV, end, 35ᶜ כֵּיפָתָא, v. כֵּיפָא I.] ↗ expanded
כֵּיצַד (contr. of כְּאֵי זֶה צַד, v. כֵּי) how?, in what manner?, in what respect? B. Kam. II, 1 כ׳ הרגל וכ׳ in what respect is the foot of an animal a constant danger (no forewarning being required to make the owner responsible)? Ib. V, 4 כ׳ משלם וכ׳ how is the value of the embryo assessed? Zeb. V, 3 כ׳ in what manner (is the sprinkling performed)?—B. Mets. III, 12; a. v. fr.—Tosef. B. Kam. IX, 2, a. fr. ed. Zuck. כֵּיזְצַד.—Num. R. s. 4 הא כְּאֵי צַד וכ׳ (some ed. כיצד) how now &c.? ↗ expanded
כִּיר , Pi.(כִּיֵּיד) כִּיֵּיר (denom. of כִּירָה II or of כַּד II) [to do the work of the stove-setter or of the potter (כַּיָּיר or כַּיָּיד, v. בִּרְכַּיָּיר),] to cement; to lay out with tiles, panels &c. [Ar. reads ר, editions mostly ד.] B. Kam. 51ᵃ bot. אחד … וסייד וכ׳ (Ms. F. וסייר וכייר) if one dug a pit ten handbreadths deep, and another came and lined it with plaster and cemented it; Mekh. Mishp., N’zik., s. 11. Ab. Zar. III, 7 (47ᵇ) סיידו וכִיְּירוֹ לאליל Mish. (Bab. ed. וכיידו לע"ז) he plastered the room and put tiles on (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Abacus) designing it for idolatrous purposes. Ib. סיידה וכִיְּירָהּ וכ׳ (Ms. M. וציירה) if one plastered and stuccoed a stone (slab) for an idolatrous purpose. Gen. R. s. 28 סיידה וכיירה וציירה he plastered and panelled and painted the wedding chamber; Lam. R. to IV, 11 וכיידה. Tosef. Sot. VIII, 7 כִּיְּירוּהוּ וסיידוהו וכ׳ (Var. כִּיְּדוּהָ, כִּיְּרוּהָ) they panelled the stone and stuccoed it and wrote upon it. B. Bath. 60ᵇ אין מסיידין ואין מְכַיְּירִין וכ׳ we must not decorate our rooms with plaster, panels and paintings in these days (after the destruction of the Temple); Tosef. ib. II, 17.—Part. pass. מְכוּיָּיר, f. מְכוּיֶּירֶת. Ib. ↗ expanded
כֵּירָהa circle, esp. banquet. B. Bath. 75ᵃ (expl. יכרו Job XL, 30, with ref. to II Kings VI, 23) אין כ׳ אלא סעודהkerah means banquet. ↗ expanded
כִּירָה 1 (כָּרָה) digging, making a pit. Mekh. Mishp., N’zik., s. 11 (prob. to be read: כְּרִיָּה). [selecting,] buying, sale. R. Hash. 26ᵃ היו קורין למכירה כ׳ (in the sea-towns) I heard them call a sale kirah (which accounts for כריתי, Gen. L, 5); Sot. 13ᵃ ↗ expanded
כִּירָה 2a portable stove on feet, with caves for two pots, v. כּוּפָּח. Sabb. 38ᵇ. Ib. III, 1. Ib. 138ᵇ, v. יָרֵךְ. Kel. VI, 1 העושה שתי … כ׳ if one improvises a stove by means of two stones; Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. V, 3 כרה ed. Zuck. (R. S. to Kel. VI, 4 כירה). Kel. VI, 2 כִּירַת הטבחים the butchers’ stove (improvised with several stones). Y. Bets. II, 61ᶜ top בשאה שכִּירָתְךָ סתומה at a time when thine own (private) stove is closed (when you are not permitted to cook), opp. כירת רבך thy Master’s stove (the altar); Bab. Bets. 20ᵇ; Tosef. Ḥag. II, 10; a. fr.—Pl. כִּירִים. Kel. VI, 3 שתי כ׳ two fire-places.—Dual form: כִּירַיִים, כִּירַיִם. Sabb. III, 2. B. Mets. VIII, 7. Sifra Sh’mini Mill. לא … אלא מן הכ׳ they brought the fire in from the (private) stove; Lev. R. s. 20; Tanḥ. Aḥaré 6; ed. Bub. 7 מבית (ה)כ׳ from the kitchen. Ab. d’R. N. ch. XII כ׳ זה טמא (Var. כ׳ זו טמאה; v. II Vers., ed. Schechter, ch. XXVIII) this stove is unclean. ↗ expanded
כִּירוֹמָנִיקְיָא (χειρομάνικα = μανίκια, S.) [tight sleeves,] handcuffs, manacles (cmp. Lat. manicae). Targ. II Chr. XXXVI, 6 (a gloss to שושלון דנחשא). Ib. XXXIII, 11 כירומנק׳ ed. Lag. (h. text חחים);—Y. Snh. X, 28ᶜ bot.; Ruth. R. to II, 14 כירומניקאה; Pesik. Shub. p. 162ᵃ כידי ומנקייה (corr. acc.). Cant. R. to IV, 8 (ref. to זקים, Is. XLV, 14) קרקומניקיא, Bxt. כרקומ׳ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כֵּירִי (χαῖρε, imper. of χαίρω) hail! Gen. R. s. 89 (play on כר, Is. XXX, 23) (when thy cattle has pasture) כ׳ כ׳ מרובה בעולם Ar. ‘hail! hail!’ is largely heard in the world (good-will prevails); [ed. כ׳ עבד קירי אדון; ‘Rashi’: כ׳ קירי מרובה בעולם (χαῖρε κύριε, hail, O Lord &c.), misinterpreting: כ׳ עבד קירי אדון (v. next w.), which gloss came into the text of the ed. in place of the original passage]. Tanḥ. Mikk. 9 א"ל קירי כ׳ Mus. (ed. ברא; ed. Bub. 11 בדא; corr. acc.), he said to him, hail mylord! ↗ expanded
כִּירִי 1 (χείριε, vocat. of χείριος = ὑποχείριος) in the control of, captive. Erub. 53ᵇ (of a Galilean woman who wished to say קירי, κύριε, O Lord) מרי כ׳.—Ḥull. 139ᵇ (of doves which uttered a sound like קירי קירי) אמרה … קירי בירי (corr. acc.) said she, blind one, say rather κύριε χείριε lord slave (an allusion to Herod the Great, v. הַרְדְסִיאוֹת).—[Gen. R. s. 89 כ׳ עבד קירי אדון, v. preced. w.↗ expanded
*כִּירִי 2 , כ׳ רָםKiri Ram, an imitation of a musical sound for beating time for dancers. Num. R. s. 4 (expl. מכרכר, II Sam. VI, 14) שהיה מקיש … ואומר כ׳ רם he clapped his hands and kalled kiri ram. ↗ expanded
כִּישׁ (cmp. כִּשְׁכֵּשׁ) kish, an imitation of a clapping sound. B. Mets. 85ᵇ (prov.) אסתירא … כ׳ כ׳ קריא Ms. H. a. Ar. (ed. קִישׁ) a coin in a bottle cries kish kish (clappers, i.e. an ignorant man boasts of what little knowledge he has). ↗ expanded
כִּישָׁא (כוש or כנש, cmp. כיס) bunch. B. Bath. 146ᵇ כ׳ דירקא a bunch of vegetables. Kidd. 45ᵇ. Ḥull. 105ᵇ מכ׳ דאסר וכ׳ out of a bunch which the gardener has tied. Sabb. 140ᵇ כ׳ כי כ׳ (Ms. M. ב׳, incorr.) a bunch is a bunch, v. אוּרְכָּא. Ib. כִּישְׁתָּא fem. (Ms. M. בישא, corr. acc.; Ar. הוּצָא).— a pouch (of a garment).—Pl. כִּישֵׁי. Ib. 147ᵃ Ar. (Ms. M. כּוּשֵׁי), v. כִּיסָא a. מַרְזֵב.—[Ib. 108ᵇ, v. כָּשׁוֹרָא.] ↗ expanded
כִּישּׁוּף (כָּשַׁף) sorcery, witchcraft. Snh. 56ᵇ אף על הכ׳ the prohibition of sorcery is also included in the Noachidic laws (v. נֹחַ). Ib. פרשת כ׳ (Ms. M. a. Rashi מכשף) the passage referring to sorcery (Deut. XVIII, 10, sq.). Pesik. R. s. 14 לא כ׳ ולא כשפים וכ׳ I applied neither sorcery nor witchcraft; a. e. ↗ expanded
כִּישָּׁרוֹןvirtue, fitness. Num. R. s. 3 (ref. to בכושרות, Ps. LXVIII, 7) בכ׳ אין כתיב כאן וכ׳ it is not written here ‘in fitness’ but bakkosharoth, that means through the merits of noble and worthy women. ↗ expanded
כִּיתּוּנָא (v. כִּיתַּן) = h. כֻּתּוֹנֶת, linen coat, in gen. undergarment, shirt. Targ. O. Gen. XXXVII, 3; a. fr.—R. Hash. 27ᵇ דהפכיה ככ׳ that he turned it like a shirt (the inside outside). Ned. 55ᵇ כ׳ דצלא a leather coat (v. אִיסְקוֹרְטְיָא). Ḥull. 46ᵃ, v. וְרַד; a. e.—Pl. כִּיתּוּנִין, כִּיתּוּנַיָּא, כִּתּ׳. Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 40. Targ. Is. III, 22; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כִּיתּוּנִיתָא (diminut. of preced.) fine linen shirt. Sabb. 140ᵇ דזבן כ׳ וכ׳ he who wishes to buy &c. Ib. מאי כ׳ כיתנא נאה Ms. O. (not כיתניתא) what is a k.?—Fine flax; ed. כיתא נאה ‘fine beating’, v. כִּיתָּא I.—Pl. כִּיתְוַונְיָיתָא. Ib.ᵃ bot. Ms. M. (ed. כִּיתָּנִיתָא q. v.). ↗ expanded
כִּיתַּן (כתן, cmp. כתת, a. כּוּנְתָּא) [beaten,] flax. Targ. Deut. XXII, 11. Targ. Ex. IX, 31; a. fr.—Y. Snh. X, 29ᵃ bot. (in Hebr. dict.) זרעו חטים וכ׳ sow wheat and flax. Yoma 71ᵇ מאי … כ׳ הוא what proof is there that shesh means flax?; ib. כ׳ אגב לקותיה וכ׳ flax splits into branches only when beaten (while it grows in plain stalks); Zeb. 18ᵇ. B. Mets. 29ᵇ bot. כ׳ רומיתא (fem.; Ar. a. M. R. רומאה) Roman (fine and expensive) linen; Ḥull. 84ᵇ. Ib. 51ᵇ כ׳ דעביד בטוני flax-stalks in bundles. Ib. כ׳ דדייק וכ׳ flax which has been pounded &c., v. נְפַץ. Y. Sabb. II, beg. 4ᶜ (expl. יָרוֹקָה) כ׳ דמיי ‘water-flax’ (a sort of lichen); a. fr.—Pl. כִּיתָּנַיָּיא. Ib. VII, 10ᵃ bot. ההן כ׳ (insert דעבד) he who works in flax-stalks &c., v. אֲפַסְטִיתָה. ↗ expanded
כִּיתָּנִיתָא collect. noun (preced. wds.) washed linen clothes, underwear. Sabb. 140ᵃ כסכוסי כ׳ ed. (Or Zar. Sabb., end כיתונא, R. H. quot. ib. כִּתַּנְיָאתָא pl., Ms. M. כִּיתְוַונְיָיתָא, pl. of כִּיתּוּנִיתָא; Alf. a. Ash. כִּיתּוּנְתָּא, כִּתּוּ׳) to rub the starch out of linen underwear; לרכוכי כ׳ וכ׳ he intends only to soften the linen &c. Ib. bot. האי כ׳ וכ׳ (Or Zer. l. c. a. Ash. כיתונא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. for Var. lect.). Y. Snh. II, 20ᶜ bot. אותניתיה read: כִּיתָּנִיתֵיה (= חלוקא דכיתנא ib.) his linen garments. ↗ expanded
כָּךְthus, so. Ab. IV, 5 וכך הי׳ הלל וכ׳ and even so (in the same sense) did Hillel say. B. Kam. 61ᵃ כך מקובלני וכ׳ such is my tradition from &c. Tosef. Keth. V, 9 כך תתנו וכ׳ even so much (and no more) may you have wherewith to endow your daughters; Bab. Snh. 66ᵇ; ib. 65ᵃ כך תפסקו; Y. ib. V, end, 30ᶜ כָּכָה; a. fr.—כך וכך so and so many, a certain number, date &c. R. Hash. 18ᵇ בשנת כך וכך ליוחנן וכ׳ in the year—of John &c.; a. fr.—אחר כך, v. אַחַר.—לְכָךְ (cmp. b. h. לָכֵן) for such a purpose, therefore. Ab. II, 8, v. יָצַר. Num. R. s. 4, beg. ל׳ דַּקְדֵּק וכ׳ therefore be exact in recording the numbers &c.; a. fr.—V. הִילְכָךְ, לְפִיכָךְ. ↗ expanded
כַּכָּא (collect. noun), pl. כַּכֵּי (אכך or חכך, dropped guttural; cmp. אַכָּכָא) molars, in gen. teeth. Targ. Jud. XV, 19 ed. Lag., a. Kimḥi Var. (ed. כֵּיפָא, h. text מכתש). Targ. Y. Num. XXI, 35 כַּכֵּיה ושיניה his molars and his (front) teeth. Ib. XI, 33; a. fr.—Pes. 113ᵃ לא תעקר כ׳ never have a molar tooth extracted. Gitt. 69ᵃ לכ׳ for pain of the molars. B. Kam. 92ᵇ (prov.) שיתין … לכ׳ דקל וכ׳ sixty pains befall the teeth of him who hears his neighbor’s sounds (at meals) and is himself not permitted to eat (not being invited). Ab. Zar. 28ᵃ; a. e.—כ׳ דאקלידא, v. אַקְלִידָא.—B. Bath. 167ᵃ כַּכֵּיה דבי"ת Ar., Ms. H. (Ms. M. בבי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; ed. גַּגֵּיה דבי"ת וכרעיה) the teeth, the upper and the lower horizontal lines of the letter Beth.—[כַּכֵּי cakes, v. כַּעֲכָא.] ↗ expanded
כְּכָי (= כיכי, √כו, cmp. כַּוָּא) [small apertures, meshes,] spiderweb; trnsf. the web-like marrow of reeds. Ohol. XIII, 5 כ׳ שיש בה ממש substantial spiderweb; [oth. opin.:] substantial reed marrow. Kel. XVII, 17 עד שיוציא את כל הכ׳ (Var. כבאי, read כְּכַאי) until he has taken out the entire marrow; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. VII, 12 כ׳ quoted by R. s. to Kel. l. c. (ed. זָכָר). ↗ expanded
כִּכָּר , v. כִּרְכֵּר) [circle,] district. Gen. R. s. 41 כל ערי הכ׳ all the towns of the (Jordan) district. loaf. Erub. VIII, 2; Kel. XVII, 11 מכ׳ בפונדיון וכ׳ bread for two meals consists of a loaf bought for a dupondium when four S’ah of wheat are worth one Sela; ib. משתי ידות לכ׳ וכ׳ of two thirds of a loaf three of which represent a Kab of grain. Sifré Deut. 40 כ׳ ומקל ירדו וכ׳ bread and stick (reward and punishment) came down from heaven tied together; a. v. fr.—Pl. כִּכָּרִים, כִּכָּרוֹת. Toh. V, 6 שני כ׳. Ber. 39ᵇ שתי כ׳; a. fr. Kikkar, a weight of silver or gold, talent (= 3000 Shekel, v. Zuckerm. Talm. Münz. p. 7). Ab. Zar. 44ᵃ שוה כִּכַּר זהב worth a gold talent; a. fr.—Pl. כִּכָּרִים, constr. כִּכְּרֵי. Y. Shek. VI, 50ᵇ top. ↗ expanded
כִּכְּרָאtalent. Targ. O. Ex. XXV, 39; a. e.—Pl. כִּכְּרִין, כִּכְּרֵי, כַּ׳. Ib. XXXVIII, 27; a. e.—Bekh. 5ᵃ כללי קחשיב בכ׳ וכ׳ large round sums the Bible counts by Kikkars, units of Kikkars it does not (but counts by Shekels). ball.—Pl. as ab. B. Mets. 86ᵃ, v. כּוֹכְבָא. ↗ expanded
כֹּל , constr. כָּל (b. h.; כָּלַל) all, every one. Sot. 5ᵃ הקב"ה הניח כל הרים וכ׳ the Lord passed over all mountains and hills and caused his Presence to rest on Sinai. Ib. (ref. to ככל Job XXIV, 24) כאברהם … בַּכֹּל מִכֹּל כֹּל like Abraham, Isaac and Jacob of whom is written ‘with everything’ &c. (Gen. XXIV, 1; XXVII, 33; XXXIII, 11).—Ḥull. I, 1 הַכֹּל שוחטין וכ׳ all persons are competent to slaughter &c.; וכוּלָּן וכ׳ but all those (mentioned as unfit), if they &c. Ib. 2 ובַכֹּל שוחטין וכ׳ and you may slaughter with any cutting tool except &c. Tem. I, 1; a. v. fr.—דברי הכל the words of all, (it is) the unanimous opinion, all agree. Bets. 9ᵃ ד׳ ה׳ מותר all agree that it is permitted; a. fr.—אין … כל עיקר not at all. Y. Dem. I, 21ᵈ אינו מפריש כל עיקר he does not set aside at all; a. fr.—Y. Shebi. VIII, beg. 37ᵈ, a. e. לא הכל ממנו it is not in his power to do so, v. הֵימ־.—כָּל העולם כּוּלּוֹ the whole world. Ber. 17ᵇ; a. fr.—כל ה־, כל ש־whosoever, whatsoever. Gitt. 11ᵇ כל האומר תנו וכ׳ whoever says, ‘Give you’ (a letter of emancipation &c.), is considered as having said, Take possession (in behalf of the person concerned). Kidd. 43ᵇ כל שאין יכולה וכ׳ whatever woman is incapable of guarding her letter of divorce, is incapable of being divorced. Ḥag. 4ᵇ, v. יֵשׁ; a. v. fr.—כָּל שֶׁהוּא whatever it be, i.e. the smallest quantity. Macc. 17ᵃ, a. e. כ׳ ש׳ למכות for punishment with lashes, the partaking of any quantity is sufficient, opp. כזית, v. זַיִת. Shebu. III, 1 ואכל כ׳ ש׳ and ate the least thing; a. v. fr.—כָּל שֶׁכֵּן (abbr. כ"ש) there is every reason that it is even so, i.e. so much the more, a matter of course. Sabb. 63ᵃ … אורך וכ"ש וכ׳ there is length of life promised and, as a matter of course, wealth and honor; a. fr.—לא כ"ש, v. הַשְׁתָּא. ↗ expanded
כִּלְאָב (b. h.) pr. n. m. Chileab, son of David. Tanḥ. Tol’doth 6 כׄלׄאׄבׄ שהיה כׄולׄו אׄבׄ Kilab, he was entirely (like) his father; Y’lamd. to Gen. XXV, 19 כׄאילׄו אׄבׄיו. ↗ expanded
כְּלָאָה , extinction. Lam. R., introd. (R. Joh. 1) לא תשוון כ׳ גמירא do not exterminate (them) entirely. ↗ expanded
כְּלָאֵי (כְּלָא I), כ׳ בבאguard-house at the gate (cmp. הַרְזִיקֵי). Ned. 91ᵇ אִיתִּיב בכ׳ ב׳ he was placed in the guard-house &c. [Ar. s. v. בב: בלאי, ed. Koh. כלאי.] ↗ expanded
כִּלְאַיִם du. (b. h.; כלא, v. Ges. H. Dict. s. v.) junction of two, esp. Kilayim, the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field, of heterogeneous animals by hybridization or by harnessing together, of wool and linen in the same web (Lev. XIX, 19; Deut. XXII, 9 to 11). Gen. R. s. 82; Y. Ber. VIII, 12ᵇ top האש והכ׳ וכ׳ fire and hybrids (mules) although not having been created in the six days &c. Kil. VIII, 1 כְּלָאֵי הכרם mixed seeds in the vineyard. Ib. I, 1 אינם כ׳ זה בזה are no forbidden junction. Ib. 9 משום כ׳ as coming under the law of K.—Tosef. ib. III, 16 כשית אינו כ׳ cuscuta is not forbidden (in the vineyard); Sabb. 139ᵃ; a. v. fr.—Kilayim, name of a treatise of the Mishnah and Tosefta, of the Order of Z’raïm. ↗ expanded
כָּלַב (cmp. כָּלַל) to seize.—Denom. כֶּלֶב. Pi. כִּלֵּב,Hif. הִכְלִיב (denom. of כֶּלֶב) [to make stitches resembling dog-bites (cmp. our ‘cat-stitching’),] to stitch, opp. to תָּפַר to sew in a workmanlike manner. M. Kat. I, 8 (8ᵇ) האומן מְכַלֵּב Ms. M. a. Y. ed. (Mish. a. Babli מַכְלִיב) the professional tailor is permitted (during the festive week) to stitch (but not to sew); expl. ib. 10ᵃ מפסיע he makes wide steps (cross-stitches); (another opin.) שיני כלבתא (Ms. M. only כַּלְבְּתָא q. v.) dog’s teeth, i.e. irregular stitches; Y. ib. 80ᵈ bot. מפסיע; (oth. opin.) אחת אחת each stitch singly. Ib. הרוצענין מְכַלְּבִין the saddlers are permitted to do dog-stitching. ↗ expanded
כֶּלֶבpreced.) dog. Snh. 63ᵇ (expl. נבחן, II Kings XVII, 31) כ׳ they worshipped a dog. Yoma VIII, 6, a. e. כ׳ שוטה a mad dog. Kil. I, 6, v. כּוּפְרִי. Kel. XVII, 13 כ׳ המים sea-dog. Gen. R. s. 77, v. אַגְרִיאוֹן. Y. Snh. VII, 23ᶜ top (ref. to Ps. XXII, 21) מכַּלְבּוֹ של וכ׳ from the dog (the vicious accuser) of that pious man, v. ib. 23ᵇ bot., sq.); a. fr. Pl. כְּלָבִים. Ber. 3ᵃ. Tosef. B. Kam. VIII, 17. Ex. R. s. 20 עשו … כ׳ של וכ׳ the Egyptians made golden dogs by sorcery that they should bark &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּלֵב Targ. Ps. LIX, 7. Targ. Prov. VII, 22 (Ms. כְּלֵיבָא; h. text עכס); a. fr.—Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᵈ top, expl. נבחן, v. preced.—Erub. 61ᵃ (prov.) כ׳ בלא מתיה וכ׳ a dog away from home barks not for seven years, i.e. however quarrelsome a man may be, he will not fight in a strange place; a. fr.—Trnsf. a mean person. Lev. R. s. 9.—Pl. כַּלְבִּין, כַּלְבַּיָּא, כַּלְבֵּי. Targ. Ps. XXII, 17. Targ. Is. LVI, 10; a. e.—Y. Peah I, 15ᶜ bot.; Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵇ, v. דּוּשׁ ch.—Sabb. 152ᵃ כַּלְבּוֹהִי לא וכ׳ his (euphem. for my) dogs no longer bark, i.e. my voice is weak from old age. B. Mets. 94ᵃ top כך וכך כ׳ איכא וכ׳ so and so many dogs have we with us. Pesik. B’shall., p. 86ᵃ תרין כלבי דחרשין (not כלבא) two dogs (of gold) made by the sorcerers (v. preced.). Ib., sq. כ׳ דקושטא the real (natural) dogs do not bark at us (ref. to Ex. XI, 7); a. e.—[Targ. Koh. IV, 6 כלב גזילא, some ed., read בלא ג׳.—Lam. R. to I, 4 כלבא, read: כַּלְבָּה.] ↗ expanded
כַּלְבָּא 2 , pr. n. m. בֶּן כ׳ שְׂבוּעַBen Kalba S’buʿa, name of a wealthy citizen of Jerusalem. Gitt. 56ᵃ ↗ expanded
כַּלבָּה (v. כֶּלֶב) she-dog. Lam. R. to I, 4 (not כלבא). Y. Snh. VI, 23ᵇ bot. נזקקין לכ׳ having connection with a dog. Koh. R. to VII, 26. tongs, pinchers. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 11 כ׳ של ספרין וכ׳ the barbers’ tongs, the physicians’ &c.; v. כַּלְבּוּס. ↗ expanded
כַּלְבּוּס (enlarg. of כלב, v. כַּלְבָּה 2) tongs, pinchers, Sot. 19ᵇ כ׳ של ברזל (Alf. ק׳) iron tongs (to force her mouth open; Tosef. ib. II, 3 צבת). Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. III, 11 some ed., v. כַּלְבָּה. Men. 63ᵃ כמין כ׳ עמוק (Ar. כיל׳) a baking form in the shape of forceps with cavities (which clapped together give the dough the shape of an apple &c.). (v. כָּלַב) shape of cross-stitches, zigzag of nails in the sole. Sabb. 60ᵇ עשאו כמין כ׳ (Ms. M. כלכוס, Alf. ק׳) if he drove the nails in in the shape of &c. Koh. R. to XII, 11 הכ׳ אינו וכ׳, v. כַּלֶּבֶת.—[B. Kam. 100ᵇ כ׳, v. כַּלְכּוּס.—Tanḥ. Balak 13, read: כָּלִינוֹס.] ↗ expanded
כַּלֶּבֶת (כָּלַב, v. כַּלְבּוּס) dog-stitch, the shoemaker’s pegging of the sandal. Y. Snh. X, 28ᵃ כ׳ אינה עולה וכ׳ the kallebeth does not count among the number of nails to be driven into shoes; Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᵃ כלי בית (corr. acc., or כְּלִיבִית); Koh. R. to XII, 11 הכלבוס אינו וכ׳. ↗ expanded
כַּלְבְּתָא (tradit. pronunc. כְּלַבְתָּא) f. ch. = h., bitch. R. Hash. 4ᵃ. Yalk. Ps. 721, v. כִּלְבִּיָּא; a. e.—שיני כ׳ (cmp. preced. w.) dog-stitch. M. Kat. 10ᵃ, v. כָּלַב. ↗ expanded
כַּלְדָּאָהChaldeans, soothsayers. Sabb. 119ᵃ. Yeb. 21ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded
כַּלְדִּי . Pes. 113ᵇ אין שואלין בכ׳ (Ar. כַּלְדָּאִין) we must not consult soothsayers. ↗ expanded
*כְּלָה (v. אוּכְלָא, עוּכְלָא)K’lah, a measure for spices. Y. Bets. III, end, 62ᵇ תן לי כ׳ וכ׳ give me a k’lah of spices, for housekeepers are in the habit of putting a k. of spices &c. Y. Peah VIII, 20ᵈ bot. כולה תבלין a K. is the ordinary quantity for spices; (Erub. 29ᵃ; R. S. to Peah VIII, 5 עוכלא). ↗ expanded
כַּלָּה [crown, ornament, v. Is. XLIX, 18,] (sub. בעלת or בת, cmp. אִיתּוּ, חוֹרִים a. בֶּן חוֹרִים) bride; daughter-in-law. Yeb. I, 1 וכַלָּתוֹ and his (deceased) son’s wife. Sot. IX, 14 שתצא הב׳ וכ׳ that the bride on her wedding day may be taken around in procession, v. אַפִּרְיוֹן. Keth. 71ᵇ; Pes. 87ᵃ ככ׳ שנמצאת וכ׳ like a bride (daughter-in-law) found perfect in the house of her father-in-law. Ib. כ׳ בבית אביה a bride in her father’s house (not yet taken to her husband’s paternal house). Ex. R. s. 41 (play on ככלתו, Ex. XXXI, 18, cmp. כְּלַלPa.) מה כ׳ זו מקושטת וכ׳ as the bride is adorned &c.; a. fr. [Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 18 כ׳ נופי, read with ed. Bub. ib. 9 קלי נינפי.]—Pl. כַּלּוֹת. Sot. l. c. עטרות כ׳ (Talm. ed. sing.) the bridal wreaths. Ib. 49ᵇ; a. fr general assembly, esp. Kallah, the assembly of Babylonian students in the months of Elul and Adar. Ber. 8ᵇ פרשייתא דכ׳ Ar. (Ms. Paris דכַלָּא, v. Rabb. D. S., Vol. I, p. 384; ed. דכולא שתא) the weekly Scripture lessons of the Kallah weeks (during which R. Bibi could not find time to peruse the section of each week). Ib. 6ᵃ, v. דּוּחֲקָא. Ib. 57ᵃ ראש לבני כ׳; B. Bath. 22ᵃ ריש כ׳ the president of the Kallah.—Pl. (of כַּלָּא) כַּלֵּי. Ḥull. 49ᵃ רישי כ׳.—מסכת כלה, מסכתא דכ׳ a (small) treatise of the Talmud named Kallah (from its first word). Sabb. 114ᵃ; Kidd. 49ᵇ; Taan. 10ᵇ; [oth. opin.: a subject which has been discussed in the general assembly]. ↗ expanded
כָּלוּ (כְּלֵי I, sub. חֵימְתָא) finishing, venting full wrath. Targ. Y. Deut. XXIX, 27. Targ. Ps. LIX, 14 בכָ׳ (Ms. בכַיְלוּ). Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXVII, 44 כולתיה (read: כְּלוּתֵיה). Targ. Y. Deut. XXIX, 22 כְּלֵיתֵיה. ↗ expanded
כְּלוּב [twisted together, united by tenons,] shed, coop. Bets. 24ᵃ באין לכְלוּבָן בערב enter their coop in the evening. ↗ expanded
כָּלוּל m. = כָּלִיל; part. pass. of כָּלַל. [Tanḥ. Bo 5 כ׳ לדברות; Mekh. Bo, beg. כלל לדברות, read: כֶּלִי (v. Levy, Catal. of Rabb. Semin. of Breslau 1889, p. 38, note).] ↗ expanded
כְּלוּם (= כל מ, cmp. מְאוּם) anything, something, somebody (Lat. ullus). Targ. Koh. I, 9 לית כ׳ (h. text אין כל).—Yalk. Num. 730 (ref. to Num. X, 35) מפניך … ואין אנו כ׳ לפניהם before thee they flee, and are we nothing before them? אלא כשפניך אתנו אנו כ׳ לפניהם וכשאין פניך אתנו אין אנו כ׳ לפניהם but (it means) when thy countenance is with us we are something before them &c.; Sifré Num. 84 (corr. acc.).—Kel. XXIV, 1 טהורה מכ׳ is clean from any (of the aforementioned impurities). Ber. 22ᵇ, a. fr. פטור מכ׳ is entirely exempt. Ned. I, 1, a. fr. לא אמר כ׳ he has said nothing, i.e. what he said is void.—לא כ׳ not the least, nothing at all. Erub. 11ᵃ לא עשה ולא כ׳ (Rashi לא עשה כ׳) he has done nothing at all, i.e. what he has done has no legal consequences. Ib.ᵇ הכל מודין … לא כ׳ היא Ms. M. all agree that if …, there is nothing at all (to consider; ed. ולא כ׳ = פטורה ולא כ׳ it is exempt, and there is nothing &c.); Yoma 11ᵇ ולא כ׳ (ולאו) היא (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. Ms. M. and note).—Koh. R. to IX, 10 מאן הוא דכ׳ ודבר בגרמיה כ׳ וכ׳ if a person is somebody and comports himself as somebody (is proud of his value), it were better he had not been born; a. fr. (interrog.) introducing a question to which a negative answer is expected, is there any? has any? &c. Snh. 105ᵃ כ׳ יש לזה על זה כ׳ has the one still any claim on the other? Sabb. 31ᵃ כ׳ מעמידין וכ׳ is there ever a king appointed except &c.? Ned. VIII, 7 כ׳ אמרת וכ׳ wouldst thou have said it, but for thy wish to honor me?; a. fr.—[Tosef. Men. XIII, 19; Tosef. B. Kam. VII, 8, v. דֶּלֶם.] ↗ expanded
כְּלוֹמַר (= כְּאִילּוּ אָמַר) as though one said, that is to say, this means. Naz. II, 3 (11ᵃ) לא נתכוונה זו אלא כ׳ וכ׳ (Mish. ed. לומר) she had no intention except that of one who says, ‘This be unto me a sacrifice’, i.e. she meant only to forbid herself this cup (cmp. ib. כמאן דאמר). Snh. VI, 4 (interpret. כי קללת וכ׳, Deut. XXI, 23) כ׳ מפני מה וכ׳ which means as much as, (people will say,) Why has this man been hanged? &c.—Ib. 6 כ׳ שאין וכ׳ as if saying (intimating), we bear no grudge &c. Ex. R. s. 41 היא מגלה פניה כ׳ וכ׳ she uncovers her face, as if saying &c.; a. v. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּלוֹנָס (a sing. of κελεόντες, as if κελέονς) beam of the loom, in gen. beam, pole. Kel. XX, 3 קבעו בכ׳ if he inserted the transverse staff of the loom in the beam; כסא שקבעו בכ׳ if one fixes a chair on the top of a beam; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. XI, 5. Zab. III, 3 על הכ׳ Ar. (ed. האכ׳) was seated on a beam. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. II, 2 כליניס ed. Zuck. (corr. acc.). Ib. VII, 2 כליונים ed. Zuck. (ed. כלינוס, corr. acc.). [Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXIV, v. כָּלִינוֹס.]—Pl. כְּלוֹנְסוֹת, כְּלוֹנְסִיּוֹת, כְּלוֹנְסָאוֹת. B. Bath. 67ᵇ (expl. בתולות) כ׳ של ארז וכ׳ cedar beams supporting the transverse press beam. R. Hash. II, 3 (22ᵇ) כלונסא׳ (Ms. M. 2 קְלוֹנְסוֹת). Sifré Num. 160. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. II, 2; a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּלוֹנְסָא Targ. I Kings VI, 4; VII, 5 Ar., Rashi a. Kimḥi (ed. כּלִינְסָא, כְּלֵנ׳, Levita Var. קלונסא; h. text שקף) beam used for arches (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Camara). Ib. 4.—Pl. כְּלוֹנְסָן. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXXV, 20 (v. Sifré Num. 160). ↗ expanded
כְּלוּפְסִין (Lesbii; v. גְּלוּסְקָא a. גְּלוּגְדְּקָא)Lesbians, a species of figs. Ned. 50ᵇ (quoting Maasr. II, 8) היה עושה בכ׳ if one is doing hired labor among Lesbian figs; Maasr. l. c. לבסים; Mish. Y. ed. לכסים; Y. ib. II, 50ᵃ כלוסין. Ned. l. c. מאי כ׳ what is K.? Answ. מינא דתאיני וכ׳ a species of figs used for cooking purposes. Ib. 49ᵇ (in Chald. dict.) בלוספיין, read כְּלוּסְפִּיִּין (or … פָּיִין); [Ar. reads בלופסין; Mus. refers to φιβαλέως, a species of early figs.] (cmp. גְּלוּסְקָא) a species of table-olives, opp. זיתי שמן. Tosef. Ter. IV, 3 קלופסין ed. Zuck. (Var. גלופ׳; Ter. II, 6 זיתי כבש). Ib. III, 15 ק׳ (Var. קולפ׳, קלפין); Y. ib. I, end, 41ᵃ כלוכסין (read: כלוב׳ or כלופ׳). ↗ expanded
כְּלִיnext w.) vessel, receptacle; bag &c. B. Bath. 85ᵃ כֶּלְיוֹ של אדם וכ׳ a man’s vessel takes possession for him (of its contents). Ber. 23ᵃ כ׳ שהוא כֶלְיָין a receptacle which is intended for them (the T’fillin). Ib. כ׳ בתוך כ׳ one wrapper within the other. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵈ top הגודל כְּלִי צורה he who shapes an earthen vessel; הנופח כ׳ זכוכית who shapes a glass vessel by blowing; העושה כ׳ בדפוס who makes a vessel in a mould. Y. Ḥag. III, 79ᵃ top, a. fr. נזקקו לכֶילְיָין they are tied to their vessel, i.e. the vessel in which they are offered makes them to be considered one mass, though they are otherwise disconnected; Ḥag. III, 2 הכ׳ מצרף וכ׳. Mekh. Yithro, Amalek, 2 (ref. to Ex. XVIII, 19) היה להם ככ׳ מלא דברות be unto them like a vessel filled with divine revelations. Ab. d’R. N., II vers., ch. II, v. יָחַד. Mekh. Bo., beg. כלל לדברות; Tanḥ. Bo. 5 כלול לד׳ (read כלי) a vessel of revelation; a. fr.—Pl. כֵּלִים, constr. כְּלֵי. Ḥag. III, 1 כ׳ בתוך כ׳ vessels put into larger vessels. Kel. I, 1. Ib. II, 1; a. fr. outfit, apparel, garment, tool, weapon. Pl. as ab. Keth. 59ᵇ כ׳ פשתן linen garments. Sabb. 114ᵃ כ׳ לבנים white garments; a. v. fr.—Gen. R. s. 90 (expl. Gen. XLI, 44) כ׳ ידים official badge of the hands (bracelets, rings &c.), כ׳ רגלים greaves &c.; (Ar. a. Rashi כלידרים, כלידרין, corrupt. of כלי ידים). Gen. R. s. 89 שאין עבד … כ׳ ידים (some ed. כלידים, Ar. כלידרין; Yalk. ib. 147 כלודי, corr. acc.) that no servant was to hold office or wear rings &c. (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Annulus).—כלי זיין, v. זַיִין.—B. Mets. IX, 13 חייב משום שני כ׳ he is guilty of having seized two implements (the upper and the lower millstone). Ib. שני כ׳ two objects of use (a mattress and a plough). B. Bath. V, 2 כֵּלָיו the outfit of the ass (saddle &c.); a. fr. ↗ expanded
כלי v. כָּלַל) to enclose; to restrain, keep back. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIII לִכְלוֹת את המכה וכ׳ to ward this plague off from thee. Midd. IV, 6 כֹּלֵה עֹרֵב ‘keeping off the raven’, an arrangement of iron points on the roof of the Temple; Sabb. 90ᵃ כּוֹלֵי עורב (pl.) Ms. M. (ed. כַּלְיָיא ch.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note); Men. 107ᵃ כולי Ms. M. (ed. כַּלְיָה); M. Kat. 9ᵃ כולי Ms. M. (ed. כליא); Arakh. 6ᵃ כליה.—Part. pass. כָּלוּי. Y. Naz. II, beg. 51ᵈ כ׳ אני ממנו I will be restrained from it (for ‘I will abstain’). (cmp. שלם) to be full, to be finished, to cease. Ber. 39ᵃ צריך שתִּכְלֶה ברכה וכ׳ the benediction must be finished simultaneously with breaking the bread. Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 5 כבר כָּלוּ ישראל וכ׳ Israel would have ceased to exist; (Pesik. Shek., p. 13ᵇ חיו … מְכוּלִּין, v. infra). Snh. 97ᵇ כלו כל הקצין all the predicted terms of redemption are ended (have passed by); a. fr.—[Pesik. R. s. 12 מת וכלה בקבר, read: ובלה.]—Part. (fr. כּוּל, cmp. חוּל, part. חולות a. חלות) כָּל. Snh. 17ᵃ (ref. to כלאם, Num. XI, 28) הטל … והן כָּלִין מאליהם throw upon them the care for the public, and they will cease (to prophesy) of themselves; a. fr. Pi. כִּלָּהto finish, cease. Yoma 60ᵇ (ref to Lev. XVI, 20) אם כפר כ׳ when he has atoned (for the sanctuary &c.), he has finished (his task). Ib. אם כ׳ כפר when he has done all (the prescribed ritual), he has achieved atonement; Sifra Aḥăré ch. IV, Par. 4; a. e.—Tanḥ. Vayetse 2 מְכַלִּין את שדותיהן they reap their fields entirely (leaving no corners for the poor). Snh. 67ᵇ כַּלֵּה מִדַּבְּרוֹתֶיךָ ולך וכ׳ (some ed. כלך, v. Rab. D. S. a. l. note) cease from thy homiletical interpretations, and turn to &c.; Midr. Till. to Ps. CIV, 6; Ex. R. s. 10, v. כַּלֵּךְ. to finish, destroy. Y. Shek. VI, 50ᵇ top (ref. to מכלות, II Chr. IV, 21) הן כִּילּוּ וכ׳ they (these vessels) consumed all the gold (of the country); Men. 29ᵃ שכִּילַּתּוֹ וכ׳ it consumed &c. Pesik. R. s. 2 שכי׳ אותה וכ׳ whom the Lord destroyed. Num. R. s. 3 היה הארון מְכַלֶּה בבני וכ׳ the Ark made havoc among the sons of Kehath (who had charge of it; cmp. II Sam. VI, 7). Mekh. B’shall., Amalek, s. 2 לכַלָּן to destroy them. Y. Ḥag. II, 78ᵃ bot. (cited in Tosaf. to Ḥag. 17ᵇ a. v. אלא) ובלבד שיְכַלֶּה עיסתו (ed. שיבלים) provided he has used up all his dough for the day; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְכוּלֶּה, pl. מְכוּלִּין. Pesik. Shek., p. 13ᵇ כבר היו ישראל מ׳ וכ׳ Israel would then have been destroyed; a. e. Hithpa. הִתְכַּלֶּה,Nithpa. נִתְכַּלֶּהto be destroyed, visited by death. Num. R. s. 5 היו מִתְכַּלִּין they were diminished. Ib. שלא יִתְכַּלּוּ מן וכ׳ that they may not be destroyed from the world. Num. R. s. 3 לא נ׳ וכ׳ not one of them was missing on being counted &c.; a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּלֵיto keep enclosed, to withhold, restrain. Targ. I Sam. VI, 10. Targ. Ps. XXI, 3. Targ. Is. XXXIII, 15 כָּלֵי (ed. Wil. כָּל) restrains his eyes. Targ. Prov. XI, 26 כָּאלֵא ed. Lag.; ib. XVII, 28 כָּאלֵי ed. Lag.—Part. pass. כְּלֵי. Targ. Jer. XXXII, 2; (Targ. Ps. LXXXVIII, 9 כָּלוּא, h. form).—Sabb. 57ᵇ כַּלְיָא פרוחי, v. בִּזְיוּנָא I; [Var. Ar. דידבי, reminiscence fr. Nidd. 17ᵃ, v. בָּאלֵי.]—כַּלְיָא עורב, v. preced.to be finished, gone. Ber. 39ᵃ כַּלְיָא ברכה the benediction is finished &c., v. preced. B. Mets. 79ᵃ וקא כליא קרנא and the capital itself is used up (v. infra). Yoma 69ᵇ כ׳ עלמא the world would come to an end; a. fr. (cmp. שלם) [to be entirely with,] to trust. Targ. Ps. XXXI, 7. Ib. 25 כַּלְיָין (ed. Lag. a. oth. כיילין, corr. acc.). Ib. XXXII, 10; a. e.; v. תְּכַל. [Differ. fr. b. h. כָּלָהto be consumed by anxiety, to long, die for.] Af. אַכְלֵיto lock up, restrain. Targ. II Chr. VII, 13.—Kidd. 81ᵇ מַכְלֵי להו מִכּוּלָּהּ וכ׳ Ar. a. Tosaf. (ed. מכלליה, read: מכלי ליה) kept the cattle off from the entire field (in which he walked); (ed.: kept himself aloof from the entire pasture ground). B. Bath. 5ᵃ, v. next w.Pa. כַּלֵּיto destroy, use up, diminish. B. Mets. l. c. מְכַלִּינָן קרנא (when hiring the usufruct of an object,) we are permitted to use up the stock itself, e.g. if you hired an ass for travelling, and it died on the road, you may sell its carcass, and hire another ass for the money; ib. לא מכ׳ קרנא we must not use up the stock, i.e. you may buy another ass for the carcass, but not hire one. Ib. Ms. M. לכַלּוּיֵי קרנא לא חיישינן (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 8) and as for using up the stock, we need not take that into consideration. B. Kam. 3ᵃ דמְכַלְּיָא קרנא when the obnoxious subject destroys the object itself (not only the fruits). Ithpe. אִתְכְּלִיto be closed up, withheld; to refrain. Targ. O. Gen. VIII, 2. Targ. Prov. III, 27; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּלֵי ² , Af. אַכְלֵי (v. preced.) [to assemble, call together (cmp. אוֹכְלוֹסָא),] to call, give a signal. Targ. Jer. I, 15. Targ. Zeph. II, 15; a. e. (of the lion) to roar; to shout, thunder &c. Targ. Ps. CIV, 21, v. אַכְלִי. Ib. XXIX, 3. Ib. LXXIV, 4; a. e.—B. Bath. 5ᵃ עיזא בעלמא אַכְלוּיֵי מַכְלִינָן בה v. Ar. s. v. כל; (incorr. in eds. לאו לאכלויי בעיא) as to a goat, we need only shout at her (to drive her off). Ib. ולאו גברא בעי לאכלויי Rashi (ed. דמיכלי, read דמַכְלֵי) and need you not a man to shout at her?; [oth. opin. we need only keep her off, v. preced.] ↗ expanded
כְּלִיבָה (v. כְּלוּב) box, consisting of movable tenoned links. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. IX, 1 כ׳ של חייטין the tailors’ box.—Pesik. Ănokhi, p. 138ᵃ ונתנום בכ׳ and put them (the Cherubs of the Temple) in a box; a. e.—Esp. coffin with bier. M. Kat. 27ᵃ, sq. ועניים בכ׳ (not בכליכה) and the poor were carried out on a common bier; opp. דרגש; Tosef. Nidd. IX, 16 בכְלִיבָא. Par. XII, 9 קרן של כ׳ the movable support of the bier, Maim.; (oth. opin.: the ring for keeping the corpse in position). Lam. R. to III, 16 כליבא. ↗ expanded
כַּלִּיד (χάλις, -ιδος, only in χαλιδοφόρος; κύλιξ, κάλιξ, calix) cup. Targ. II Chr. IV, 5. Targ. O. Gen. XLIV, 12, a. e. (Var. ק׳, v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 16). Targ. Ps. XI, 6; a. e.—Pl. כַּלִּידִין. Targ. Jer. XXXV, 5. calyx of flowers. Pl. as ab. Targ. Ex. XXV, 33, sq. (Ms. I ק׳). ↗ expanded
כִּלְיָה , v. כּוֹלְיָא) kidney. Y. B. Mets. II, beg. 8ᵇ. Ḥull. 55ᵃ כוליא; a. fr.—Pl. כְּלָיוֹת, constr. כִּלְיוֹת. Ib. III, 2. Ber. 61ᵃ, a. e., v. יָעַץ. Tanḥ. Vayigg. 11, a. e. כִּלְיוֹתָיו, v. כַּד II; a. fr. the belly of a stove. B. Bath. II, 11 כליא (Ms. F. a. H. כיליא). Ib. 20ᵇ כ׳ דתנור טפח the protuberance of the belly of the stove is one hand-breadth beyond the rim; Tosef. ib. I, 3 כיליא ed. Zuck. (Var. כִּלְיָיה, כּוּלְיָיה). [R. Ḥănanel: כיליא = κοιλία.] ↗ expanded
כַּלְיוּתָא (כְּלֵי I 3) cheer, trust. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 116 Ms. (ed. כִּלְ׳; h. text שׂבר). ↗ expanded
כַּלַּיָּיה (v. כַּלָּה) [crowns, ornaments,] brides. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᶜ top; Y. Peah I, 15ᵈ.—Targ. Y. Deut. XXIV, 6 חתנין וכַלִּין (h. text רחים ורכב).—[Targ. Y. II, Gen. XVIII, 21 כַּלַּיָּיה, v. כְּלָיָיה.] ↗ expanded
כְּלָיָיה (כָּלָה) destruction, diminution, extinction. Ab. V, 8 רעב של כ׳ a destructive famine (general miscrop). Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ bot. Snh. 63ᵃ נתחייבו שונאיהם … כ׳ the enemies of Israel (censorial change רשעיהם, euphem. for Israel) would have been condemned to destruction. Gen. R. s. 10 אין ויכלו … לשון כ׳ vaykhullu (Gen. II, 1) has the meaning of affliction, of diminution (ref. to the reduction of the planetary courses after Adam’s sin). Gen. R. s. 49 (expl. כלה, Gen. XVIII, 21) כ׳ הן חייבין they deserve extinction; [Targ. Y. II, Gen. l. c. כַּלַּיָּיה עבדו גמירא, read: עבדו כְּלָיָיה גמירא]. Mekh. B’shall., Shirah, s. 5 גמרת … כ׳ thou hast passed the verdict of destruction &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כָּלִילentire, esp. Kalil, a sacrifice burnt entirely. Sifra Tsav, Par. 3, ch. V; Men. 51ᵇ בכ׳ תקטר shall be burned as a Kalil. Y. Sot. III, 19ᵇ top קריבה בכלול is offered as a K.—Men. 74ᵃ; a. e.—Tosef. Par. I, 2; Zeb. V, 4 כ׳ לאישים, v. אִישֶּׁה. ↗ expanded
כְּלִיל c. (כְּלַל) circle, wreath, crown. Targ. Y. II, Ex. XXV, 11. Targ. Num. VI, 7 (h. text נֵזֶר). Targ. Y. I Deut. XIV, 1 כ׳ דיסער (cmp. כִּלְכּוּל). Ib. XXXIV, 5 fem. (also כְּלִילַת constr.). Targ. Is. XXVIII, 5; a. fr.—Sabb. 152ᵃ, v. חִילְפָא II. Gen. R. s. 98, end (ref. to נזיר, Gen. XLIX, 26) כְּלִילֵיהוֹן דאחוך the crown of thy brothers. Gitt. 7ᵃ כ׳ לברתיה a bridal wreath for his daughter. B. Bath. 4ᵃ, v. יָילָא; a. e.—Pl. כְּלִילַיָּא, כְּלִילָן, כְּלִילֵי. Targ. Y. Deut. l. c. Targ. Job XXXI, 36. Targ. Jud. VIII, 26 ed. Lag. (oth. ed. sing.); a. e.—B. Bath. 16ᵇ כלילי הוו להו Ms. M. (ed. sing.) they had wreaths (each dedicated to a friend). דמי כ׳ or כ׳ coronation tax (aurum coronarium, v. Sm. Ant. s. v.). Ib. 8ᵃ כההוא דמי כ׳ וכ׳ as in the case of a coronation tax which they put on the city of Tiberias. Ib. פקע כ׳ (Ms. M. בטל) the tax was repealed. כ׳ מלכא or כ׳ melilot. Keth. 77ᵇ. Sabb. 109ᵇ חד כ׳ one dose of melilot.—Pl. כְּלִילֵי. Ib. חמשא כ׳ five parts of melilot (Rashi: roses). [Y. M. Kat. II, 81ᵈ bot. וגנבון מנהין כליליא, read: כל ליליא.] ↗ expanded
כְּלִילָאֵי (v. preced.) coronation tax. Meg. Taan. II אתנטילו כ׳ the coronation tax was remitted (v. I Macc. XIII, 39); [Scholion to Meg. Taan.: wreaths, an idolatrous rite forced upon the Jews by the Syrians.] ↗ expanded
כָּלִינוֹס (χαλινός) bridle. Tanḥ. Balak 13 כלבוס (corr. acc.); Num. R. s. 20 בלינוס; Y’lamd. to Num. XXIII, 5 quot. in Ar., v. פָּקַם.—Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXIV לסוס שיש לו כלינס Ar. (ed. כלים נאים, Var. כלונס, corr. acc.) like a horse which is bridled. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. IV, 7 כלינס, כלוניס, כולוניס (corr. acc.). Pesik. R. s. 42 בל׳ (corr. acc.) ↗ expanded
כְּלִינִידִין (χλανίδιον meant for χλαμύδιον, cmp. Cast. Lex. Syr. s. v.) a fine mantle, an officer’s distinction. Y. Snh. X, 29ᵃ top, v. זוֹנָרָא. ↗ expanded
כָּלִיס , pl. כְּלִיסִים, כְּלִיסִין (כלס, enlarg. of כל; cmp. Ges. H. Dict.10 s. v. כרשׂ) bags. Tosef. Kil. V, 26 אהולין והכ׳ הגרגים וכ׳ ed. Zuck. tents and bags, filters &c., v. אכסלי.—Trnsf. pods, a dehiscent fruit, similar to carob. Ter. XI, 4 כ׳ וחרובים k’lisin and carobs; Ukts. I, 6 כְּלוּ׳ (Maim.: a species of figs, v. כְּלוּפְסִין).—Ḥull. 67ᵇ (a species of peas, Rashi); Sifra Sh’mini, Par. 10, ch. XII, a. e. יתושין שבכ׳ the bugs found in &c.; Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵇ bot. Tosef. Ter. V, 7; Y. Bicc. III, beg. 65ᶜ; a. e.—[Ukts. III, 2, v. בּוּלְבּוֹס. Y. Maasr. II, 50ᵃ, v. כְּלוּפְסִין.] ↗ expanded
כלירכין , read: כִּילְיָירְכִין m. pl. (χιλιάρχοι, chiliarchi) chiliarchs, commanders of one thousand soldiers. Koh. R. to XII, 7 (expl. לשום כרים, Ez. XXI, 27ᵃ) (כלור׳) כלירכין to appoint chiliarchs; [Lam. R., introd. (R. Josh. 2) פלימרכים, v. פּוֹלִימַרְכוֹס.]—Sifré Deut. 317 (expl. כרים, Deut. XXXII, 14) אלו כאליריקין שלהם (ed. Fr. כליסריקים, corr. acc.) this refers to their (the Roman) chiliarchs; Yalk. Deut. 944 כלירקין. ↗ expanded
כַּלָּךְ (v. כּוּלְכָא) cissaros-blossoms, a woolly substance, v. אַגְבִּין. Kil. IX, 2, expl. Y. ib. 32ᵃ top אגבין קיסריי. Sabb. II, 1. Ib. 20ᵇ היינו כ׳ this (metaxa) is kallakh. Ib.; Men. 39ᵇ השיראים והכ׳ וכ׳ (garments of) silk, K. &c. (v. סְרִיקִין). Sabb. 27ᵃ. Tosef. ib. IX (X), 3 צמר כ׳ Kallakh wool. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. V, 11 כולך ed. Zuck. (R. S. to Kel. XXVIII, 8 כלך). ↗ expanded
כַּלֵּךְ (contr. of כַּלֵּה וָלֵךְ, v. כָּלָה) cease and turn!, go! Yeb. 44ᵃ כ׳ אצל שכמותך turn towards one corresponding to thine own age. B. Mets. 22ᵃ כ׳ אצל יפות go to better fruits (to take T’rumah from); Erub. 71ᵃ. B. Bath. 164ᵇ כ׳ מלשון וכ׳ turn away from this kind of slander. Sifra Thazr., Neg., Par. 2, ch. II או כ׳ לדרך זו or turn this way, i.e. I may argue thus; (ib. Emor, Par. 12, ch. XVII או לכה וכ׳). Ib. Vayikra, Ḥobah, Par. 7, ch. XI או כ׳ לך (corr. acc.); a. e. ↗ expanded
כִּלְכּוּל (כִּלְכֵּל) hair-crown (cmp. כְּלִילָא), front hair from temple to temple. Sabb. VIII, 4 (78ᵇ) כדי לעשות כ׳ (Bab. ed. כלכל; Ms. M. כדי לסוד כי׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) enough to produce a crown by depilation of undergrowth. Ib. 80ᵇ, v. אַנְדִּיפֵי. Naz. 3ᵃ (ref. to Mish. ib. I, 1 הריני מכלכל) how do we know דהאי כ׳ שערו הוא that this vow refers to letting the hair grow?—Nidd. 52ᵇ; Tosef. ib. VI, 6 (ref. to the hair around the pudenda as evidence of maturity) כ׳ זה איני יודע (מהו) about this kilkul I know nothing. support, sustenance. Naz. l. c. אימא מיזן עניי I may say that the kilkul (of the Mishnah, v. supra) means supporting the poor. ↗ expanded
כַּלְכִּיד (χαλκίς, -ίδος) chalkis, a small fish resembling sardines (v. Sm. Ant. s. v.). Y. Ned. VI, 39ᶜ bot. if one says, I will taste no דָּגָה, אינו … אלא בכ׳ he is forbidden ony ch. (small fish). Ib.ᵈ top כיל׳ אנא טעים I feel as if I were eating ch.—Ib. לית … והוא זבין ליה כ׳ is it not often the case when a man says to his neighbor, buy me a fish, that he will buy ch. for him?—Y. Erub. III, 20ᵈ top כלבודא (corr. acc.); Y. Peah VIII, 21ᵃ top (סלק׳) כלקורא, read: כַּלְקִידָא. ↗ expanded
כִּלְכֵּל [to surround,] to provide with everything; to sustain. Naz. 3ᵃ, v. כִּלְכּוּל. Ber. 58ᵇ וכ׳ אתכם בדין וכ׳ and provided for you (while alive) in justice, and gathered you in justice. (cmp. כְּלִילָא) to raise a crown of hair, to be a nazir. Naz. I, 1 הריני מְכַלְכֵּל I will grow a crown (as a substitute for, ‘I will be a nazir’, v. כִּינּוּי). Y. ib. 51ᵇ top כאומר הריני מן המְכַלְכְּלִין as if he said, I will be one of those who wear a crown of hair.—Tosef. Nidd. VI, 6; Nidd. 52ᵇ עד שתְּכַלְכֵּל (euphem.) until she has a full growth of hair (around the pudenda).— denom. of כֶּלִי) to arm, fit out. Midr. Till. to Ps. VII א"ל הקב"ה ולא אני כלכלתי בה (read: כִּלְכַּלְתּיו) said the Lord to him (Doëg), is it not I that fitted him (David) out with it (the sword of Goliath deposited in the Sanctuary)?—[The entire sentence is missing in ed. Bub.; note 69 a. l. quotes fr. mss. קלקלתי.] Nithpalp. נִתְכַּלְכֵּלto be supported. Pesik. R. s. 4 אליהו נ׳ וכ׳ (not נתבלבל) Elijah was supported by the woman of Zarephath. ↗ expanded
כַּלְכָּלָה (preced. art.) support, provision. Ber. 44ᵃ על המחיה ועל הכ׳ (be blessed &c.) for sustenance and support. supply, esp. basket containing chosen fruits designated for use. Eduy. IV, 10 (9); Maasr. IV, 2 כַּלְכָּלַת שבת supply of fruits for the Sabbath (not for sale). Ib. הלוקט הכ׳ וכ׳ he who selects figs to send as a present. Y. ib. IV, 51ᵇ כ׳ שבת אינה וכ׳ Sabbath supply must not be sold. Y. Ter. II, end, 41ᵈ תאינים שבכ׳ figs in the provision basket, opp. מוּקְצֶה. Y. Dem. I, 21ᶜ bot. כ׳ אחת וכ׳ there is only one basketful (of the late fruits) which I reserve &c. Lev. R. s. 33, beg. כ׳ של תאנים a basket of figs for use (subject to tithes even for luncheon, v. טֶבֶל); a. fr.—Pl. כַּלְכָּלוֹת. Dem. VII, 6; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כָּלַל v. כּוּל) to surround, comprise, include. Gen. R. s. 4 חזר וכְלָלָן כולן וכ׳ (not וכללו כולו) he again included them all in the praise (Gen. I, 31). Shebu. 23ᵇ בכוֹלֵל המותרים וכ׳ when he (in his vow) includes permitted things as well as forbidden things. Ib. 24ᵃ, a. fr. איסור כולל, v. אִיסּוּר. R. Hash. IV, 5 וכולל מלכיות עמהן and inserts that section of prayers concerning the divine rulership, v. מַלְכוּת; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּלוּל, f. כְּלוּלָה a) included. Y. Pes. V, 32ᶜ bot. ירידת גשמים כ׳ וכ׳ the praise for the rain-fall is included therein (Ps. CXXXV, 7); Y. Taan. III, 67ᵃ, end.—Y. Ber. I, 3ᶜ top עשרת הדברות כְּלוּלִין בהן the Ten Commandments are contained therein.—b) entire, v. כָּלִיל. to generalize (v. כְּלָל). B. Kam. 63ᵃ חזר (הדר) וכ׳ the text generalizes again.—[Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44ᵇ top טוחנין … כוללין, read: כּוֹבְרִין, v. כָּבַר.] Nif. נִכְלָלto be implied, to be stated in general terms, opp. נפרט. Y. Sot. VII, 21ᵈ top דברים שנִכְלָלוּ ונפרטו things which have been stated both implicitly and specifically. Pi. כִּילֵּלto crown. Tanḥ. R’eh 7 אם נוצחין … ומְכַלְּלִין אותו when they (the legions) are victorious, they come and make a wreath, and crown him (the king). to include, imply. Part. pass. מְכוּלָּל, pl. מְכוּלָּלִיםenclosed (as a germ), potential. Gen. R. s. 10 (ref. to ויכלו, Gen. II, 1) מ׳ היו המעשים things had been created potentially, and then they developed more and more.—[Y. Ber. VI, 10ᵃ top יכללו, read: יִבָּלֲלוּ, v. בָּלַל.] Hif. הִכְלִילto crown, finish, perfect. Part. pass, מוּכְלָל. Yoma 54ᵇ (expl. מכלל, Ps. L, 2) מציון מ׳ יופיו וכ׳ from Zion the beauty of the world was perfected (by religion). [Cant. R. to V, 11, end מוכללת, read: מוּבְלֶלֶת, v. בָּלַל.] ↗ expanded
כְּלַלto surround, crown. Targ. Cant. III, 11. (denom. of כּוֹלָּא) to make whole, combine. Y. Meg. IV, 75ᵇ bot. לינן חזרין וכָלְלִין לון do we not again combine them (the separated portions)? Pa. כַּלֵּילto surround, crown. Targ. Ps. V, 13. (v. כִּילָה, כִּילְתָא I) to prepare a bridal room. B. Mets. 101ᵇ כַּלְּלֵיה לבריח if the owner of the rented dwelling gave it to his son as a bridal room (Rashi: if he was making preparations for his son’s wedding, and needed the dwelling for the young couple). Gen. R. s. 70; Yalk. Gen. 125 כולי יומא הוו מְכַלְּלִין (ביה) ליה the whole day they were helping him to prepare the bridal chamber (decorating it). Af. אַכְלֵילto crown, surround. Targ. Ps. LXV, 12. Ib. CIII, 4; a. e.—[Kidd. 81ᵇ מכלליה, read: מכלי להו, v. כְּלֵי I.] Ithpa. אִיתְכַּלֵּל, אִיכַּלֵּל,Ithpe. אִיכְּלִילto be crowned, to adorn one’s self. Gen. R. s. 34, beg. (expl. Ps. CXLII, 8) יִתְכַּלְּלוּן בי וכ׳ the righteous shall adorn themselves with me. to be led into the bridal room, be married. Meg. 27ᵇ כי איכ׳ רבה וכ׳ when his son R. was to marry. ↗ expanded
כְּלָל (preced. wds.) general rule, principle. Sifra K’dosh., Par. 2, ch. IV (ref. to Lev. XIX, 18) זה כ׳ גדול וכ׳ this (‘love thy neighbor as thyself’) is the most important principle in the Law. Sabb. VII, 1. Ḥull. III, 1 זה הכ׳ this is the general rule; a. v. fr.—Trnsf. בִּכְלַל, לִכְלַלunder the influence of. Sifré Num. 157 לפי שהיה בכ׳ כעס בא לכ׳ טעות because he was under the influence of anger, he came under the influence of mistaken judgment; Yalk. ib. 786; a. fr. community. Ber. 49ᵇ לעולם אל … מן הכ׳ a person must never exclude himself from the community (by saying, ‘Praise ye’, instead of ‘Let us praise’). Mekh. Bo., Pisḥa, s. 18 ולפי שהוציא … מן הכ׳ וכ׳ and as he excluded himself from the community (by saying ‘you’) &c.; a. e. total, sum. B. Bath. 123ᵃ בכְלָלָן אתה וכ׳ as their sum total you find seventy (Gen. XLVI, 27), whereas the detailed record counts only sixty nine. generalization, statement by implication, opp. פרט specification; inclusion, comprehension under a class. Ber. 26ᵇ, a. fr. עד ועד בכ׳, v. עַד.—Sifra introd. מכ׳ ופרט מפרט וּכְ׳ וכ׳ interpretation based upon a general law followed by specification, or specification followed by generalization. Ib. כל דבר שהיה בכ׳ וכ׳ when a law is once laid down in general, and in another place a specification is given (e.g. Lev. VII, 37, a. ib. 20), it is stated specifically not for its own sake alone, but as applicable to the whole class. Ib. beg. מכ׳ ופרט וּכְ׳ אי אתה דן וכ׳ if a general rule is followed by a specification and this again by a generalization, you must be guided by the specification (e.g. Deut. XIV, 26). Tosef. Sot. VIII, 10; Sot. 37ᵃ ברוך בכ׳ … ארור בכ׳ וכ׳ ‘blessed be’ was pronounced on Mount Gerizim in general (corresp. to the general curse, Deut. XXVII, 26) and was specified (corresp. to ib. 15—25) ; ‘cursed be’ was pronounced on Mount Ebal in general (ib. 26) &c.; a. fr.—מִכְּ׳ by implication. Ned. 11ᵃ, a. fr. מכ׳ לאו אתה שומע הן from no you understand yes, v. הֵן.—Pes. 16ᵇ שהותרה מִכְּלָלָהּ וכ׳ which was permitted (dispensed with), by implication, for a community (if unclean, derived fr. Num. IX, 2, v. Pes. 77ᵃ). Ḥull. 37ᵇ מכ׳ דטרפה וכ׳ this proves by implication that t’refah is not the same as &c.; a. v. fr.—לאו … כ׳ not at all (cmp. כְּלוּם). Ib. 20ᵇ; a. fr.—[Mekh. Bo, beg. כ׳ לדברות, read: כֶּלִי.]—Pl. כְּלָלוֹת (fem.). Naz. 48ᵇ. Sot. 37ᵇ. Erub. 27ᵃ אין למדין מן הכ׳ וכ׳ from general rules (the use of the word כל, as ib. III, 1) we must not derive anything, not even when an exception is stated (as there may be other exceptions); a. fr.—Ex. R. s. 32, beg. כְּלָלִים. ↗ expanded
כְּלָלָא Targ. Y. Deut. XXVII, 26 ברכתא בכ׳ וכ׳ blessings in general &c. (v. Sot. 37ᵃ quot. in preced.).—Sabb. 147ᵃ, a. fr. נקוט האי כ׳ בידך take this as a rule. B. Mets. 103ᵇ, a. e. כ׳ דמילתא the general rule is &c. Ḥull. 95ᵃ הא דרב לא בפירוש איתמר אלא מכ׳ איתמר this opinion of Rab has not been delivered explicitly but only arrived at by implication; Ber. 9ᵃ; a. fr.—Yeb. 21ᵇ וכ׳ הוא is this rule without exceptions?—Shebu. 26ᵃ אהני כ׳ לאתויי וכ׳ the generalization (after specification) has the effect of including &c.; a. v. fr.—Pl. כְּלָלִין, כְּלָלַיָא, כְּלָלֵי. Y. Ter. I, 40ᶜ לית (כללי׳) כְּלָלוֹי דרבי כ׳ the general rules of Rabbi (in the Mishnah; expressions like זה הכלל or הכל, כל &c.) are not without exceptions. Keth. 60ᵃ לא … להני כ׳ דכייל וכ׳ do not heed those rules which my brother … laid down. Gen. R. s. 33 [read:] אליף … כל כ׳ דאורייתא ואילין אינון הלכתא דבבלאי (v. ‘Rashi’ a. l.) he taught Rab … all the general rules (of interpretation) of the Law, and these became the guiding laws of the Babylonians. ↗ expanded
כָּלַםto be restrained, to be retired. Nif. נִכְלָםto be retired, (cmp. כְּזַז) to be put to shame, be rebuked. Ab. d’R. N. ch. IX (ref. to Num. XII, 14) שתִּכָּלֵם ז׳ ימים that she should live in retirement for seven days (and not appear before the king); (Sifré Num. 106 שתהא מוּכְלֶמֶת). Ber. 16ᵇ שלא נבוש ולא נִכָּלֵם מאבותינו (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 4) that we may not be put to shame and not be abashed when compared with our fathers (Y. ib. IV, 7ᵈ bot. שלא נבוש מאבותינו לעו"הב). Cant. R. to I, 14 בהִכָּלְמוֹ in his shyness. Hif. הִכְלִיםto cause to retire, to rebuke, shame. Kidd. 31ᵃ bot. ולא הִכְלִימָהּ and he did not scold her. Ib. 31ᵇ כלום … ולא הִכְלַמְתָּהּ did she (thy mother) throw a bag of money into the sea in thy presence, and thou didst not reproach her?—Midr. Till. to Ps. IV, 3 עד מתי אתם מַכְלִימִין וכ׳ how long will you slander me and my dignity?; a. e.—Part. Hof. מוּכְלָם, f. מוּכְלֶמֶת, v. supra. ↗ expanded
כְּלַם [Targ. Y. Deut. XXIX, 4 כלמו, Var. בלמו, read: בָּלַת or בְּלִיאוּ, v. בְּלֵי I.] Af. אַכְלֵם as preced.Hif. Targ. I Sam. XX, 34. Ib. I, 16; a. e.—B. Kam. 86ᵃ bot. דמַכְלְמוּ ליה ומִיכְּלֵם when you rebuke the child and he shrinks back in shame; ib. 86ᵇ (not דמיכלמו).—Part. pass. מַכְלַם. Y. Yeb. XII, 12ᵈ bot. והיא מַכְלְמָה עלך and she (the young woman) will be put to shame on account of thee (the old man); ib. והוא מכלמה וכ׳ (read: מַכְלַם). Ithpa. אִיתְכַּלֵּם,Ithpe. אִיתְכְּלַם, אִיכְּלַם as preced.Nif. Targ. O. Num. XII, 14. Targ. II Sam. X, 5; a. e.—B. Kam. l. c., v. supra. ↗ expanded
כְּלָמוּס (χλαμύς) chlamys, officer’s cloak (v. Sm. Ant. s. v.). Y’lamd. to Gen. XXV, 23; 25, quot. in Ar., corresp. to the Jewish garment טַלִּית, v. כֹּכְלָא.—Tanḥ. Vayera, ed. Bub., 21 [read:] כל הימים … היה מהלך בסגון כיון שנכנס הלביש הכלמוס שלו (v. ib. notes 124; 125) as long as he was on the road, he travelled in a sagum (common soldier’s cloak), when he entered to take office, he put on the chlamys; Gen. R. s. 50, beg. כפגן … כקאלמין; Lev. R. s. 26 כפגן … כקלאמין; Yalk. Gen. 84 כגפ׳ … כקאלמין (read: בסגון … בכְלָאמִין or בקְלָאמִין). ↗ expanded
כַּלְמְתָא (collect. noun; a dialect. adapt. of h. [nesting, cmp. כלם,] vermin. Targ. O. Ex. VIII, 12 sq. ק׳ (cod. 10 כ׳, v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 21).—כַּלְמֵי, קַ׳. Targ. Y. ib. ק׳.—Ber. 51ᵇ ממהדורי … כ׳ from peddlers comes gossip, from rags—vermin. Nidd. 20ᵇ כ׳ (Ar. s. v. סרק: קלמי). ↗ expanded
כְּלַפֵּי (= כִּ (וון) לאפי, v. אַף, אַפָּא a. כּוּן)directed towards, opposite, against. Targ. Job XXIV, 15; a. e.—Snh. VI, 4 פניו כ׳ העם his (the culprit’s) face towards the people; כ׳ העץ towards the cross. Ib. 105ᵃ, v. חוּצְפָּא. Pes. 8ᵇ כ׳ שאמרה תורה in the face of what (considering that) the Law says; Y. Macc. II, 31ᵈ top כ׳ שנאמר; a. fr.—כ׳ לייא, אליה, v. אַלְיָה. ↗ expanded
כַּלַּקְטֵירִין (m. pl. χαρακτῆρες) features of the face. Lev. R. s. 23 הריני צר את כל קטורין וכ׳ (corr. acc.) I will shape his features in resemblance to &c.; Pesik. R. s. 24 בלקטרים, בלקטירים (corr. acc.). Ib. יושב וצר בל׳ וכ׳ (corr. acc.) was painting the picture of the ruler (Lev. R. l. c. איקונין). [Ar. s. v. קנכתר: קנכתירין.]—V. also כּוֹלֶּקְטָר. ↗ expanded
כַּלְקִיס (Χαλκίς) Chalkis, a town of Cœlesyria. Y. Meg. I, 70ᶜ bot. פליטת … במדינת כ׳ וכ׳ refugee scholars in the city of Ch. and in Beth Zibdin; Y. Taan. II, 66ᵃ (כול׳) בולקוס; Meg. Taan. XII בליקו׳ (corr. acc.). [Schol. to Meg. Taan. defining our w.: במדינת קוסליקוס, prob. a corrupt. of Cœlesyria.] ↗ expanded
כלרייה , Tosef. B. Kam. VII, 4 את הכ׳ some ed., read: דייה, את הכל. ↗ expanded
כַּלְּתָא , bride; daughter-in-law. Targ. Is. LXI, 10 (ed. Wil. כַּלְתָּא). Targ. Gen. XI, 31; a. fr.—Gitt. 57ᵃ כי הוו מפקי חתנא וכ׳ when they led forth bride and groom in procession. B. Bath. 143ᵇ כַּלְּתֵיה his daughter-in-law. Meïl. 19ᵃ דהבא דכלתיה דנון the gold ware of the daughter-in-law of Nun (which was found to have lost in weight); a. fr.—[Targ. Job XV, 32 וכַלְתַיה, v. כִּילְתָא I.]—Pl. כַּלָּתָא, כַּלָּתָה, כַּלָּן. Targ. Ruth I, 6. Targ. Jer. VII, 34.—Meïl. l. c. דהבא דרמיין כַּלָּתָיךְ the gold ware which thy daughters-in-law cast carelessly about (by which they wear off). Keth. 17ᵃ משרי קמי כ׳ they sang before (the processions of) brides. Yeb. 21ᵇ כלתה דבי … the daughters-in-law of the house of … (where there were wives of his daughter’s sons and wives of his son’s sons).—V. כַּלַּיָּיה, כַּלִּין. ↗ expanded
כְּמָא (v. כְּ־ a. מָא) (followed by ד־) like that which. Targ. Jud. XI, 39 a. fr. [Usu.: הֵיךְ מָא, הֵיכְמָא.]— (mostly כמה) how! how many!, how much!, how long!; (also interrog.) how much? &c. Targ. Ps. CXXXIX, 17. Ib. XXXV, 17; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 6 כ׳ נפשיה וכ׳ how the soul of this man’s (my) brother is now chopping cedars and sawing &c. (is in the agony of death)! (Midr. Sam. ch. IX; Yalk. Ps. 743, only נפשיה וכ׳). Yoma 22ᵇ, v. חֲלִי. Ber. 14ᵇ כ׳ מעליא וכ׳ how excellent &c. B. Mets. 86ᵃ כ׳ ככרין וכ׳ how many cakes of nardus do we owe to &c.!—M. Kat. 16ᵇ כל כ׳ דהוה וכ׳ as long as &c.; a. fr.—Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵃ top כְּמָן קטל how many of them did he kill? ↗ expanded
כְּמַאי (v. preced.) as much as. Yoma 43ᵇ כ׳ דמסיק וכ׳ (Var. כמה) as much as a fox carries (on its feet) from a ploughed field; (Nidd. 65ᵇ כדמסיק). ↗ expanded
כַּמֶּה (preced. wds.) how much?, how many? Kidd. 9ᵇ ב׳ אתה נותן וכ׳ how much (dowry) wilt thou give &c.? Ber. 14ᵃ עד כ׳ up to how much? Ib. 30ᵇ כ׳ ישהה וכ׳ how long must he pause between &c.?; a. fr. how!, how many!, how much! Sabb. 12ᵇ כ׳ גדולים דברי וכ׳ how grand are the words of &c.; a. fr.—על אחת כ׳ וכ׳, v. אֶחָד. (I don’t know) how many, many. M. Kat. 16ᵇ איבדתי כ׳ דוד מפניו I should have destroyed many Davids for his sake. Y. Keth. V, 30ᵃ bot. לאחר כ׳ ימים after ever so many days. Ib. אפי כ׳ even much longer; a. fr.—[Y. Succ. I, 51ᵈ top גבוה מכמה, prob. to be read: מכ׳ אמה = מעשרים ib.] ↗ expanded
כְּמֵהוֹת c. pl. (כָּמַהּ to be hot, to thirst, long for) a kind of mushroom, morils. Gen. R. s. 69, beg. (ref. to כמה, Ps. LXIII, 2) ככ׳ הללו שהן מצפין וכ׳ like those morils which look out for water; Yalk. Gen. 119 כַּכְּמֵהִיּוֹת (not כמ׳); Yalk. Ps. 786 כאמבטאות (corr. acc.). Ned. 55ᵇ; Y. Maasr. I, 48ᵈ top, כ׳ ופטריות morils and truffles which are not planted; Ber. 40ᵇ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּמוֹ v. כְּמָה) as, like. Yalk. Ex. 246 הקשו לבם כ׳ אבן they made their hearts hard like stones (Mekh. B’shall., Shirah, s. 5 כאבן). With suffixes: כָּמוֹנִי, כָּמוֹךָ &c. like me, like thee &c. Ned. 9ᵇ, v. כְּמוֹת. Mekh. l. c., s. 8; a. fr.—V. כְּמוֹת. ↗ expanded
כמון , a word in a charm formula. Sabb. 67ᵃ (v. next wds.). ↗ expanded
כַּמּוֹןcumin. Dem. II, 1. Ter. X, 4 בכ׳ של וכ׳ with cumin stalks of T’rumah. ↗ expanded
כַּמּוֹנָא Targ. Is. XXVIII, 25; 27.—Ab. Zar. 29ᵃ, v. כְּרַוְיָא.—Pl. כְּמוֹנַיָּא, כְּמוֹנֵי. Sabb. 67ᵃ כמוניא (Rashi: כמוני; Ms. M. sing.), v. בִּינְתָא I. ↗ expanded
כָּמוֹנָא (כְּמַן) insidiousness, crafty plan. Targ. Y. II, Ex. XXI, 14 (h. text ערמה).—V. כְּמָנָא. ↗ expanded
כְּמוֹת (= כְּמוֹ את, cmp. כְּוָת) like, as. Y. Maas. Sh. IV, 54ᵈ כ׳ שהוא מוכר according to the selling price. Sabb. 51ᵃ, a. fr. כ׳ שהוא (חי) in its natural condition (raw). Keth. 17ᵃ כלה כ׳ שהיא the bride at weddings must be praised according to her perfections (without exaggeration); a. fr.—With suffixes: כְּמוֹתִי, כְּמוֹתְךָ &c. like myself, like thyself &c. B. Mets. 59ᵇ אם הלכה כ׳ if the law is in accordance with my opinion, v. כְּוָת. Y. Ned. I, 36ᵈ bot. כ׳ ירבו וכ׳ may there be many like thee &c.; (Bab. ib. 9ᵇ כָּמוֹךָ). Ber. V, 5, a. fr. שלוחו של אדם כְּמוֹתוֹ a man’s messenger is like himself, i.e. action by proxy is legal; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כָּמַךְ , m. (Pers. Kâmakh, Arab. Kâmaḥ, Fl. to Levy Talm. Dict. II, 4522) Kamakh, a Persian sauce of milk, curdled milk &c.; cmp. כּוּתָּח. Nidd. 51ᵇ שבת העשויה לכ׳ dill intended to be put into the k↗ expanded
כָּמְכָא Pes. 30ᵃ Ar. (ed. כותחא). Ib. 76ᵇ Ar. (ed. כותחא). Hor. 12ᵃ Ms. M. (ed. כות׳). Ḥull. 112ᵃ; a. e. ↗ expanded
כָּמַן (cmp. כָּמַר) [to be heated in the ground,] to be hidden, lie in wait. *. כִּמֵּןto hide fruits in the ground. Maasr. IV, 1 המְכַמֵּן Mish. a. Bab. ed. (Ms. M. המכמיר, Y. ed. המכמר, v. כָּמַר). Hif. הִכְמִיןto keep witnesses hidden, a proceeding applied only against seducers to idolatry (v. מֵסִית). Snh. VII, 10 מַכְמִינִין לו עדים וכ׳ the court puts witnesses in wait for him behind an enclosure. Y. Yeb. XVI, 15ᵈ bot.; a. e.—Y. Snh. VIII, 21ᶜ top המַכְמִין עדיו וכ׳ he who keeps witnesses hidden (while eliciting a confession of indebtedness from his debtor), has done nothing, i.e. the confession has no legal consequences. ↗ expanded
כְּמַן Targ. O. Ex. XXI, 13; a. fr.—Part. כָּמֵין, f. (כָּמְנָא) כָּמֵינָא. Targ. Jer. IX, 3 מִכְמַן כ׳ (h. text עקב יעקב). Targ. Prov. VII, 12.—Koh. R. to IV, 14; Midr. Till. to Ps. IX, v. כַּשְׂכֵּשׂ. Pa. כַּמֵּיןto hide, cover. Targ. Prov. X, 18 מְכַמֵּין Ms. (ed. מַכְמֵיןHif.).—Part. pass. מְכַמַּןlurking. Targ. Lam. III, 10 (ed. Amst. מְכַמֵּן; h. text אׄרֵב). Af. אַכְמִיןsame, v. supra.—2) as preced.Hif. Snh. 29ᵇ. ↗ expanded
כְּמָנָא (preced. wds.) ambush, trap; insidiousness. Targ. Jud. IX, 35. Targ. II Sam. XIII, 32 (ed. Lag. כְּמֵינָא; h. text שימה); a. e.—Pl. כְּמָנַיָּא, constr. כְּמָנֵי. Targ. I Chr. I, 20 (ed. Lag. כמינא). Targ. Ps. X, 8; 10.—V. כָּמוֹנָא. ↗ expanded
כְּמָנָה —Pl. כְּמָנוֹת. Yalk. Deut. 804 … אין שאין בה כ׳ there is no road on which ambushes are not to be apprehended; Sifré ib. 20 מקומות (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כִּמָּנוֹן (preced. wds.) craft, artfulness. Koh. R. to IX, 14 (expl. מצודים ib.) כ׳ ועקמון Craft and Trap (allegorical names of towers); Yalk. ib. 989 כַּמָּן; Gen. R. s. 33 עַקְמָן וכַמְנָן Tricky and Wily. ↗ expanded
כָּמַסto hide, store away. Part. pass. כָּמוּס. Yalk. Ex. 165 הוא כ׳ מעינינו he is hidden from our sight; Pirké d’R. El. ch. XLVIII.—V. כּוֹמְסָה. ↗ expanded
כְּמָס (preced.) subterranean prison (carcer). Yalk. Hos. 532 בתחלה קורא אילוגין … נותן לו כ׳ וכ׳ first he reads the charge, then he strikes him (to extort confession), and then he assigns to him a prison &c.; Pesik. Shub., p. 159ᵇ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כְּמָס ² (v. preced.) store-room, cellar (Assyr. כמס, Schr. KAT2 p. 559). B. Bath. 145ᵇ עתיר כ׳ rich of stores. ↗ expanded
כְּמֵסַת c. (v. מִסְּתָא; a phrase borrowed fr. Deut. XVI, 10; 17, v. Targ. Y.; = h. כְּדָיי) adequate, able, worthy. Targ. Y. II, Lev. XXIII, 29 דכ׳ וכ׳ that is able (or of adequate age) to fast. Targ. Y. Gen. XX, 16. Targ. II Sam. VII, 18; Targ. I Chr. XVII, 16 לית אנא כ׳ I am not worthy (h. text מי אנכי). ↗ expanded
כָּמַר v. כָּמַהּ, [to heat,] to makeכּוֹמֶר (v. כּוֹמֶר I), to produce shrinking and maturing of fruits by underground storage or by exposure to the sun. Tosef. Men. IX, 10 לא היו … וכוֹמְרִין אותן (Var. וכורמין) they did not cut the grapes and let them shrink (before putting them in the press), but cut and immediately pressed them. B. Mets. 89ᵇ ולא יִכְמוֹר באדמה וכ׳ (Ar. יְכַמֵּרPi., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 90) the laborer must not hide grapes in the ground (to eat them afterwards). (trnsf.) to watch, guard.—Denom. כּוֹמֶר II. to lay a trap, v. infra. Pi. כִּימֵּר,Hif. הִכְמִירto hide in the ground, heat. Maasr. IV, 1, v. כָּמַן. B. Mets. l. c., v. supra. (denom. of מִכְמָר) to lay a trap, net. Tosef. Yeb. XIV, 6 שהיו מְכַמְּרִין מכמרות that were laying nets; Yeb. 121ᵃ מְכַ׳ מכמורין; Y. ib. XVI, 15ᵈ top לִכְמוֹר מ׳. Nif. נִכְמַרto shrink, fall in by the effect of the heat, to tumble inward. Y. B. Mets. X, beg. 12ᶜ נ׳ כתנור if the house fell in like a furnace, opp. נפל לחוץ. (trnsf.) with רחמים, to be bent over, to feel compassion (cmp. גִּלְגֵּל). Yalk. Gen. 150 נִכְמְרוּ רחמיו של יוסף Joseph was moved to compassion; (Tanḥ. Vayigg. 4 נתגלגלו ר׳). ↗ expanded
כְּמַרto hide, keep warm (corresp. to h. טָמַן). Y. Sabb. IV, beg. 6ᵈ (read:] כַּמְרָאִי גו גיפתא, v. גִּיפְתָּא. Ib. כַּמְרָהּ גו וכ׳ put it in &c. B. Mets. 74ᵃ מחוסר מִכְמַר ועיולי וכ׳ requiring heating (of grapes) and carrying to the press. to shrink, be wrinkled. Pes. 58ᵃ מכמר בישרא the shrinking and drying up of the meat (from lying over too long). (with רחמין as object) to feel compassion. Targ. Y. Deut. XIII, 18. Targ. Ps. LXXVII, 10.—[Kidd. 81ᵇ, v. אִכְמַר.] ↗ expanded
כָּמַשׁ (cmp. כָּמַר) to wrinkle, wither. Y. Maas. Sh. IV, 54ᵈ bot. עד שיִכְמוֹשוּ until they are withered.—Part. pass. כָּמוּשׁ, f. כְּמוּשָׁה; pl. כְּמוּשִׁין, כְּמוּשׁוֹת. Lev. R. s. 23; Cant. R. to II, 2 מה שושנה … והיא כ׳ וכ׳ as the lily, when the heat comes upon it, is withered, but blooms again when the dew falls … נראין כ׳ וכ׳ so does Israel … seem to be withered &c. Succ. 31ᵃ bot. כמושין withered fruits, contrad. to יבשין dried up; a. fr. Nif. נִכְמַשׁsame. Cant. R. to II, 1 נוחה להִכָּמֵשׁ withers easily. ↗ expanded
כְּמַשׁ B. Bath. 16ᵇ וכיון דכַמְשֵׁי וכ׳ and when they withered, they knew (that an accident had befallen their friend).—Part. כָּמִישׁ, pl. כְּמִישִׁין. Y. Pes. IV, end, 31ᶜ; Esth. R. to I, 4, v. זְלִיל↗ expanded
כְּמָת־ (v. כְּמָא a. דִּכְמָא)like.—Targ. Ps. LXXIII, 15 דְּמִכְּמָתְהוֹן ed. Lag. (oth. ed. דכמתהון) (something) which is of the nature of their speeches. ↗ expanded
כֵּן 1 v. כִּי, so, thus. Ber. 11ᵇ וכן הוא אומר and so we read; a. v. fr.—אם כן, אלא אם כן, v. אִם.—לָכֵן for such a purpose. Y. Maas. Sh. II, 53ᵇ bot. דרכו ל׳ it is usually employed for such a purpose. Y. Erub. VII, beg. 24ᵇ ייחדו ל׳ he devoted it to such &c.—יתר על כן, יתר מִכֵּן, v. יֶתֶר I. ↗ expanded
כֵּן , ch. same. Targ. Is. LI, 6. Targ. O. Ex. I, 12; a. fr.—Ber. 11ᵇ וכן אורי ליה וכ׳ and so taught R. El. &c.; a. v. fr.—בתר כן, contr. בְּכֵן, after this; therefore. Targ. II Sam. II, 1; a. fr.—Ib. XXII, 47; a. e.—וּלְהָלָא מִבְּכֵן, וּלְהָלָה מִבְּכֵין from now and further on = h. מכאן ואילך. Targ. I Kings XIV, 14.—Y. Sabb. XIV, 14ᵈ ר"י מטתיה כן such (disease) befell R. J.; Y. Ab. Zar. II, 40ᵈ הוה ליה כן. Ib. bot. ימות ולא כן let him rather die than do this (idolatrous cure); a. fr.—Y. Ber. III, 6ᵇ top לָכֵן דאתינן (v. preced.) it is for this purpose that we came here (to be reminded of death).—דִּל כֵּן, דִּלָכֵן, v. דִּל.—כל דכן, v. כּוֹל.—כֵּינִי = כין היit is so; (interrog.) is it so, indeed? Y. Peah II, 17ᵃ bot. וכ׳ אלא כ׳ is that so? (No,) but it is thus. Ib. III, 17ᶜ top כ׳ (insert מתניתא); ib. II, beg. 16ᵈ כ׳ מתניתא (not ב׳) so is the Mishnah to be read. Y. B. Mets. III, beg. 9ᵃ וְאִין כ׳ but if this be so; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כֵּן 2 , with suff. כַּנּ־, m. (b. h.; כּוּן or כָּנַן) base, stand, rest. Cant. R. to I, 1 (ref. to והנה חלום, I Kings III, 15) החלום … על כַּנּוֹ the dream (after he awoke) remained standing on its firm stand (was realized); Yalk. Kings 175. Yoma V, 3, sq. הניחו על כ׳ וכ׳ he set it down on the stand. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. II, 17 מחוסרין כן vessels that have lost their rest; a. fr.—Pl. כַּנִּים, constr. כַּנֵּי. Kel. XI, 3.— Trnsf. social status. Yeb. 77ᵇ גיורת מכַּנָּהּ a proselyte of her own status, i.e. born after the conversion of her parents both of whom were of the same nation. (cmp. כּוּןPi.) ruler. Ib. XII, 8; Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. VII, 12 הכן והכַּנָּה (Var. והכַּנָּא) the ruler and that which is ruled (the writing material); oth. opin.: the ruled material and the ruler; [oth. opin.: (cmp. σταθμός) the base of the scales and the scales; oth. opin. the strike and the measure.] ↗ expanded
כַּנָּאbase, fixed place, line.—Pl. כַּנַּיָּיא. Ber. 57ᵇ בכַנַּיְיהוּ חזי (Ms. M. בב׳) he saw them (in his dream) in the regular places (as planted in the field). V. כַּנְהָא. kanna, a small measure (v. preced.). Keth. 99ᵇ; Meïl. 21ᵇ כ׳ כ׳ בפרוטה each k. for a P’rutah (no reduction for larger quantities).—Pl. כַּנֵּי. Ib. ↗ expanded
כִּנָּאlouse, v. כִּינָּא. [Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXXVIII, 26 בכנא some ed., read: בדינא.] ↗ expanded
כַּנְדָּא 1 (κάνδυς, Pers.) a gown with wide sleeves.—Pl. כַּנְדֵּי. M. Kat. 24ᵃ תליסר כ׳ מאני Ar. (ed. תריסר מני; Ms. M. תל׳ בגדי מני, מני being a gloss to our w.). ↗ expanded
כַּנְדָּא 2 (dial. for כַּרָּא, cmp. גּוּנְדְּרָא) pitcher, pot. [Pes. 111ᵇ, v. כִּנָּרָא.]—Pl. כַּנְרֵּי. Pes. 30ᵃ מזבני כ׳ sellers of earthen ware. Ib. אשוו זביני אכַּנְדַּיְיכוּ (not דיכי …; Ms. M. אשוו זבינייכו) set a fair price on your pots.—Ḥull. 48ᵇ דקיימו כ׳ כ׳ lungs upon which there are pot-like excrescences.—[Ber. 40ᵇ, v. כִּנָּרָא.] ↗ expanded
כַּנְדּוֹקָאKandoka, surname of one Minyomin. Ḥull. 49ᵇ. [Rashi: dealer in pottery, cmp. Syr. כנדוקא, P. Sm. 1764; v. Fl. to Levy Talm. Dict. II, 452ᵇ.] ↗ expanded
כַּנָּה (v. כֵּן II) base, stand. Kel. VII, 6 נותן את חכ׳ וכ׳ he places the base of a stove between them; [oth. opin. he puts a ruler between, measuring a straight line.] ruler or ruled material. Ib. XII, 8, v. כֵּן II. ↗ expanded
כְּנוּפְיָא (כְּנַף I) crowd, assembly (cmp. דּוֹחֲקָא). Targ. Y. Num. XXXIII, 25 (transl. מקהלות) אתר כ׳.—Sabb. 60ᵇ איכא כי׳ there is a large gathering (in synagogues &c.). Ib. כי׳ דאיסורא gathering on a day when labor is not permitted. R. Hash. 27ᵃ כל כי׳ דכסף הוא all signals for assemblies were blown on silver horns. Yoma 51ᵃ אתי בכ׳ is offered by large crowds. Gitt. 11ᵃ כ׳ דארמאי Ar. a. Rashi (ed. כְּנוּפְיָאתָא pl.) popular assemblies of gentiles, opp. ערכאות, v. עַרְכִי. B. Kam. 113ᵃ וכי לדידכו כְּנוּפַיְכוּ is your gathering (v. כַּלָּה) held for your individual benefit? (Var. v. כְּנַף I).—Pl. כְּנוּפְיָאתָא, v. supra. ↗ expanded
כִּנּוֹרlute, cithern. Arakh. 13ᵇ כ׳ של מקדש וכ׳ the kinnor of the Temple was seven-stringed. Ber. 3ᵇ; Y. ib. I, 2ᵈ כ׳ היה תלוי וכ׳ David had a lute suspended &c. Snh. 101ᵃ עשאוני בניך ככ׳ וכ׳ thy children made me (the Law) like an instrument upon which the scorners play; a. fr.—Pl. כִּנּוֹרוֹת, כִּנּוֹרִים, כִּי׳. Arakh. II, 5. Shebu. 15ᵇ. Kinnim III, 6 בני מעיו לכ׳ its small bowels are used for strings for the cithern; Ab. Zar. 47ᵃ מהו לכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. לפארות). Pesik. R. s. 26; a. e. ↗ expanded
כִּנּוֹרָא Targ. Gen. IV, 21 (v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 3). Targ. Job XXX, 31 כִּינָּ׳ (ed. Wil. כִּנָ׳); a. fr.—Pl. כִּנָּרַיָּא, כִּנָּרִין, כִּנְּ׳, כִּי׳. Targ. Ps. XCII, 4. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXI, 27 (O. חִנְגִּין, v. Berl. l. c. p. 12). Targ. Is. XVI, 11 (ed. Lag. sing.); a. fr. ↗ expanded
כני , Pi.כִּנָּה, כִּינָּה (b. h., v. כֵּן I) to qualify, define; to surname, to nickname; to modify an expression, circumscribe; to compare. B. Mets. 58ᵇ המְכַנֶּה שם רע וכ׳ he who calls his neighbor by a nickname. Shebu. 36ᵃ כַּנֵּה circumscribe (use the third person as euphemism). Sifré Num. 84, a. fr. כי׳ הכתוב the Bible modifies the expression (to avoid anthropomorphism, e.g. Zech. II, 12 עינו for עיני). Meg. IV, 9 המבנה בעריות he who modifies (symbolizes) in translating the laws of incest (e.g. Lev. XVIII, 7, ‘uncover not thy parents’ weakness or disgrace’). Yalk. Num. 771, v. פּוֹלְיָיטוֹן; a. fr. Part. pass. מְכוּנֶּה. Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 17 (ref. to באדם, Ps. LXVIII, 19) מכ׳ משה באדם (not לאדם) the name of Moses is here disguised by the substitute Adam.—[Yalk. Ps. 832 מכונה, v. כָּנַן.] ↗ expanded
כני ² , Pa. כַּנֵּי ch. same. Targ. Y. Gen. IV, 26.—Shebu. 36ᵃ לא מְכַנִּינָן we must not modify the (Biblical) expression (to avoid cacophemism).—[Bets. 33ᵇ מכניא, read: מכניף, v. כְּנַף I.] Ithpa. אִתְכַּנֵּי,Ithpe. אִתְכְּנֵיto be surnamed. Targ. Is. I, 4.— to associate one’s self (v. כַּנְהָא). Targ. Ez. XXIX, 7 באִתְכְּנָיוּתְהוֹן וכ׳ when they form an alliance with thee (h. text בתפשם; Kimḥi quotes a Var. באתכנעותהון, v. כְּנַע). ↗ expanded
כַּנְיָאKanya Parva, name of an unclean bird. Ḥull. 62ᵇ כ׳ פ׳ אסיר Ar. (ed. בוניא שרי פ׳ אסיר). ↗ expanded
כְּנִימָּה (denom. of כִּנָּם; cmp. כַּלְמְתָא) vermin, moth. Sifré Deut. 40. Y. B. Kam. IX, beg. 6ᵈ הרקיבו מן הכ׳ if the grain became ruined by moths, contrad. to תולעים. Makhsh. VI, 1; Tosef. ib. III, 1 מפני הכ׳ in order to prevent the grain from getting mothy.—Pl. כְּנִימּוֹת. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXIII, ולא היו עושין כ׳ (ed. Bub. עושין בהם כִּנָּמִיּוֹת …; v. note a. l.) but did they not get vermin?; Cant. R. to IV, 11 כִּנָּמִיּוֹת; (Yalk. Ps. 691 בלאות; Deut. R. s. 7 מאכולת) ↗ expanded
כְּנִיסָה (כָּנַס) gathering, assembly. Meg. I, 1 מקדימין ליום הכ׳ read the M’gillah in advance on the gathering (market) day before Purim. Ib. 4ᵇ; a. e. entering, opp. יציאה. Y. Erub. V, 22ᶜ; Midd. I, 3, v. יְצִיאָה.—B. Mets. 104ᵃ בשעת כְּנִיסָתָן לחופה when they were being led to the wedding chamber. Keth. 12ᵃ. Ber. IV, 2 בכְנִיסָתוֹ לבה"מ on his entering college (for teaching and judging). B. Mets. 83ᵇ בכְנִיסָתוֹ the time consumed in going home, v. פּוֹעֵל; a. fr. keeping in, detention. Yalk. Num. 782, v. עֲצִירָה.—[Y. Shebi. VII, beg. 37ᵇ כניסות, v. כְּבִיסָה.] recess, settle. Men. 97ᵇ, interch. with כּוֹנְסָה a. כְּנָסָה. ↗ expanded
כְּנִישׁ (כְּנַשׁ) festive gathering. Targ. O. Deut. XVI, 8. Targ. II Chr. VII, 9 (h. text עצרת). ↗ expanded
כְּנִישָׁא (preced.) gathering; assembly. Targ. O. Gen. I, 10 בית כְּנִישַׁת מיא (h. text מקוה). Targ. Ex. XXXV, 1 (ed. Amst. כְּנִישְׂ׳). Targ. Joel I, 14. Targ. Ps. XLVIII, 12 (some ed. כְּנִישָׁתָא pl., h. text בנות); a. fr.—Y. Peah I, 15ᵈ איזיל צור כ׳ עליה shall I call a meeting against him?; a. e. כ׳ or (בי) בית כ׳synagogue, school-house. Targ. Ez. XI, 16; a. fr.—Y. M. Kat. III, 81ᵈ bot. קומי חדא כ׳ before a certain synagogue. Ber. 7ᵇ; a. fr.—כ׳ רבתא the Great Synagogue, Synagoga Magna, v. כְּנֶסֶת. Targ. Cant. VI, 5; a. e.—Pl. כְּנִישָׁתָא, v. supra; כְּנִישָׁן, כְּנִיסָן. Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵇ top אשירוניה תמני עסרי כ׳ they stopped the funeral procession eighteen times for mourning assemblies; Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵃ בניסן (corr. acc.).—[B. Mets. 21ᵃ כ׳ דבי דרי Ar., v. מַכְנַשְׁתָּא.] ↗ expanded
כָּנַן (cmp. כּוּן a. כּוֹנָנִית) to nest.—Denom. כִּינָּה. Pi. כִּנֵּןto form circles, to wind around. Par. VII, 7 המְכַנֵּן … על יד על יד (Talm. ed. only once על יד) he who winds the rope (for drawing the bucket up) around his hand until a sufficient length is wound up; ואם כִּנְּנוֹ באחרונה but if he winds it after he has finished drawing; Tosef. ib. VII (VI), 4 וחזר ובנאו ed. Zuck. (Var. וכי, read: וכיננו as R. S. to Par. l. c.).—Part. pass. מְכוּנָּן a) wound around. Makhsh. IV, 1 בחבל שהוא מכ׳ וכ׳ with the rope which is wound around the neck of the vessel.—2) nested. Gen. R. s. 37 מכ׳ כביצה shut up in the nest like an egg, i.e. selfish; Yalk. Ps. 832 מכונה (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כָּנַס v. כּוֹס I) to collect, gather; to cover, shelter, bring home. B. Kam. VI, 1 הכּוֹנס צאן לדיר he who takes the flock into the stall; a. fr.—כ׳ משקה to absorb liquids through pores, opp. to הוציא to let liquids escape through pores. Nidd. 49ᵃ יביא … אם כָּנְסָה וכ׳ get a tub full of water and put the pot in, if it draws water &c. Kel. X, 8 היו בכוֹנֵס משקה (sub. נקובין) if the vessels were so porous as to be called absorbers of liquids. Nidd. l. c. כיצד … לידע אם ניקב בכונס משקה how do we examine to find out whether a vessel is porous to the extent of absorbing liquids? (v. supra); a. fr.—Esp. to take a woman home, to consummate a marriage by conducting a woman to one’s house, to wed, v. אֵירוּסִין a. נִישּׂוּאִין. Keth. 3ᵇ וברביעי כּוֹנְסָהּ and on the fourth day of the week he weds her. Ib. ומסכנה ואילך נהגו … לִכְנוֹס וכ׳ and from the days of persecution … the people adopted the custom to wed on the third day; … ובשני לא יִכְנוֹס but on the second day one must not marry. Y. Yeb. IV, 6ᵇ כְּנָסָהּ ולא וכ׳ he took her to his home but did not touch her &c.; a. fr.—Part. pass. כְּנוּסָה. Y. Sot. II, 18ᵇ top שומרת יבם וכ׳ neither while waiting for the yabam nor after having been taken to his house. (of a sore) [to gather,] to grow smaller, to contract, opp. פשה. Neg. IV, 7; Tosef. ib. II, 6; Sifra Thazr., Neg., Par. 2, ch. II; a. e. (archit.) to recede, to form a settle or recess in a wall. Midd. III, 1 עלה אמה וכ׳ אמה (the altar) rose one cubit and then receded one cubit; Men. 97ᵇ.—Y. Erub. VII, 24ᵇ bot. (of an inclined plane) עולה אמה וכוֹנֵס שלש it rises vertically one cubit, while the incline measures three cubits, v. כִּיבּוּשׁ.—Part. pass. כָּנוּס, f. כְּנוּסָה. Tosef. Erub. I, 10 כותל שצידו אחד כ׳ מחבירו וכ׳ a wall which is more receding on one side than on the other, either the inner wall being even &c.; Erub. 9ᵇ; 15ᵃ; (Y. ib. 19ᵇ top כותל הנכנס). Y. Succ. I, 52ᵃ אפי׳ כנוסה כמה even if the reduction be ever so large. Nif. נִכְנַסto be brought in, to enter, opp. יצא; to assemble, meet. Erub. 65ᵃ, v. סוֹד. Ib. 15ᵇ נ׳ ויוצא is easily passed in and out. Kel. IX, 7 מלא … נ׳ when a piece of the size … can be passed, לא נ׳ when it cannot pass (exactly fitting in). Y. Erub. I, 18ᶜ bot. אין … לִיכָּנֵס וכ׳ it is not the habit of man to enter through one door and leave through another.—Ḥull. 3ᵃ, a. fr. יוצא ונ׳ superintending by going in and out. Sabb. 137ᵇ כשם שנ׳ … יִכָּנס וכ׳ as he (the child) has been entered into the covenant, so may he be introduced to the study of the Law &c. Snh. 101ᵃ נִכְנְסוּ תלמידיו וכ׳ his pupils came together to visit him. Tosef. Ber. VII (VI), 19, a. e. לא יִכָּנֵס אדם להר וכ׳ one must not enter the Temple mount &c.—Meg. I, 3 מקום שנִכְנָסִין וכ׳ a place where the country people are in the habit of assembling on Mondays &c.; a. fr. to form a recess or settle. Y. Erub. I, 19ᵇ top, v. supra. to be married, v. supra. Y. Yeb. IV, 6ᵇ הִיכָּנְסִי וכ׳ be my wife and raise thy sister’s children; Koh. R. to IX, 9; a. fr. Pi. כִּינֵּסto gather, collect. Tosef. Ber. VII (VI), 24 בשעת המְכַנְּסִין … כַּנֵּס when people collect (learning), scatter, when they scatter (are indifferent), gather in (withdraw); v. בְּדַר; Ber. 63ᵃ המכניסים (read: המְכַנְּ׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 9). Ex. R. s. 17, beg. שכִּינְּסָן מעל הארץ which (waters) he gathered from upon the land. Deut. R. s. 3 כִּינְּסָה את בניה she assembled her children; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְכוּנָּס, f. מְכוּנֶּסֶת; pl. מְכוּנָּסִין, מְכוּנָּסוֹת. Erub. 21ᵃ (מים) מ׳ collected water, opp. מים חיים. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXX הרי הצאן מכ׳ the flock is gathered again. Neg. IV, 3 במ׳ when the hairs on the leprous spot are close together, opp. מפוזר; a. fr. Hif. הִכְנִיסto bring in, to lay in, store up; to introduce, pass; to initiate. Lev. R. s. 9 הִכְנִיסוֹ לביתו he invited him to his house. Ex. R. s. 20 אם אני מַכְנִיסָן וכ׳ if I lead them now into the land. Ib. ה׳ יינו וכ׳ he stored his wine in the cellar. Men. 97ᵃ ומכניס קנה וכ׳ and passes a tube under it. Sabb. 118ᵇ ה׳ ידו וכ׳ put his hand under his belt. Ib. מַכְנִיסֵי שבת who usher the Sabbath in (with prayer). Ib. 137ᵇ להַכְנִיסוֹ בבריתו וכ׳ to initiate him into the covenant &c. (v. supra). Y. Yeb. I, 3ᵃ bot. הרי אתם מַכְנִיסִין ראשי וכ׳ you want me to put my head between two great mountains. Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 6 לא מוציא ולא מַכְנִיס neither lets escape nor receives, v. נוֹד; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְכַּנֵּס,Nithpa. נִתְכַּנֵּסto assemble, meet, be reunited. Taan. 27ᵇ מִתְכַּנְּסִין לבה"כ meet at the synagogue. Gen. R. s. 39, a. e. אם מתכנסין כל וכ׳ if all human beings were to join for creating &c.; Cant. R. to I, 3 מִתְכַּנְּשִׁין. Mekh. B’shall. s. 6 אין הגליות מִתְכַּנְּסוֹת וכ׳ the diaspora will be reunited only as a reward for faith; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 12, beg. מתכנסין ויוצאין; (Koh. R. to II, 12 נכנסין) they go in and out. to gather, become closer (v. supra). Neg. I, 6 נִתְכַּנְּסָה the sore gathered. ↗ expanded
כְּנַסto gather, receive. Targ. Ps. XLI, 7 Ms. (ed. כנף, h. text קבץ). Targ. Esth. IV, 16 (Targ. II Esth. ib. כנוש). Targ. Y. Gen. XVIII, 3 אֵיכְנוֹס וכ׳ I shall receive the passers-by.—V. כְּנַשׁ. to marry. Y. Erub. III, 21ᵇ top ומִיכְנַסְנִיךְ ליום פלן and to marry thee before such a date; Y. Gitt. VII, end, 49ᵃ ומנכסיך (corr. acc.). Ib. ולא כְנַסְתִּיךְ and I shall not have married thee. Y. Keth. I, beg. 24ᵈ אילין דכַנְסִין וכ׳ those who marry widows; a. fr. to enter. Y. Snh. VI, 23ᶜ bot. כיון דכ׳ when he had entered; a. e.—[Targ. Esth. II, 21; IV, 17, v. בְּנַס.] Pa. כַּנֵּסto gather, heap. Targ. Ps. XXXIII, 7 Ms. (ed. מַכְנִיסAf.). Ib. CXLVII, 2 (Ms. Pe.). Ithpe. אִתְכְּנֵסto be gathered, to assemble. Targ. I Chr. XI, 1 (ed. Lag. a. Rahmer אתכניש׳). Targ. Ps. XLVII, 10 Ms. (ed. אתכנש׳). ↗ expanded
כְּנֵסִיָּה (preced. wds.) gathering, union. Ab. IV, 11 כל כ׳ וכ׳ every union for a sacred purpose. Ex. R. s. 21; Midr. Till. to Ps. XIX; Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXXVIII, end כ׳ האחרונה the latest gathering (for prayers); Yalk. ib. 840 כנסת; a. e.—[Num. R. s. 1 אני בונה כ׳, read: אַכְסַנְיָא, v. Tanḥ. B’midb. 2.]—Pl. כְּנֵסִיּוֹת, v. next w.↗ expanded
כְּנֶסֶת (preced.) gathering, storage. Y. B. Bath. IV, 14ᶜ bot. בית הכ׳ שלעצים a store-house for wood (= אוֹצָר). assembly, community, congregation, esp. congregation of worshippers. Ex. R. s. 21 (interch. with preced. w.); Yalk. Ps. 840, v. preced.—בית הכ׳ (abbr. בה"כ) synagogue. Ber. 6ᵃ. Meg. III, 1 (25ᵇ); a. fr.—Sot. VII, 7 חזן הכ׳ the sexton of the synagogue within the Temple precincts; Succ. 51ᵇ of the synagogue of Alexandria, v. חַזָּן; a. fr.—כ׳ ישראל (abbrev. כ"י) the congregation of Israel, the Ecclesia, (often personified as a woman betrothed to the Lord). Cant. R. to I, 4; a. fr.—כ׳ הגדולה (abbr. כה"ג) the Great Assembly, Ecclesia or Synagoga Magna, a supreme authority established under Ezra and Nehemiah. Ab. I, 1, a. fr. אנשי כ׳ הג׳ the men of the original Great Synagogue. Ib. 2 שירי כה"ג the last members of the Great Synagogue.—Pl. כְּנֵסִיּוֹת, כְּנֵיסִ׳. Lam. R. introd. (R. Yitsḥ. 3) בני כְּנֵסִיּוֹתָיו his fellow-members in the royal council; (Yalk. Is. 318 בני המלך).—בתי כ׳ synagogues. Meg. 6ᵃ. Y. ib. III, beg. 73ᵈ ארבע … ב׳ כ׳ וכ׳ there were four hundred and eighty synagogues in Jerusalem, and each had a school &c. Ḥull. 51ᵃ מפטיר כ׳ janitor at meetings of scholars in college. Pes. 49ᵇ ראשי כ׳ chiefs of congregations or synagogues. ↗ expanded
כְּנַעto press, oppress.—Part. pass. כְּנִיעַ, pl. כְּנִיעִיןdepressed, mournful. Y. Ter. XI, end, 48ᵇ ע"י דאינון כ׳ because they are low-spirited. Ithpa. אִתְכַּנַּע,Ithpe. אִיכְּנַעto lower one’s self, be humble. Targ. Y. Gen. XVI, 9 (h. text התעני). Targ. I Kings XXI, 29. Targ. Is. XLI, 11 (h. text יכלמו); a. fr.—Targ. Ez. XXIX, 7 באִתְכְּנָעוּתְהוֹן Var., v. כני ch.—Y. Taan. III, 66ᶜ bot. מִתְכַּנְּעִין they humble themselves (in penitence).—Esp. to bow to a superior, to salute. Gen. R. s. 33 ולא א׳ מיניה and he did not salute him. M. Kat. 16ᵇ ולא אִיכְנְעָא מקמיה and she did not bow to him; a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּנַעַן (b. h.) pr. n. Canaan, son of Ham. Gen. R. s. 36 חם חטא וכ׳ וכ׳ Ham sinned and C. was cursed?; Tanḥ. Noah 15; a. e. the land of Canaan. R. Hash. 3ᵃ כ׳ על שם מלכותו (Sihon is named) C. from his kingdom; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּנַעֲנָאָה Targ. O. Gen. XII, 6.—Pl. כְּנַעֲנָאִין, כְּנַעֲנָאֵי. Targ. Y. ib. Targ. Gen. X, 18; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּנַעֲנִי (b. h.) Canaanite. Tosef. B. Kam. VIII, 19. Mekh. Mishp., Nzikin, s. 7 (ref. to Ex. XXI, 26) בכ׳ וכ׳ the text speaks of a Canaanite slave, opp. to עבד עברי. Kidd. I, 3 עבד כ׳ נקנה וכ׳ a Canaanite slave is taken possession of &c.; a. fr.—Pl. כְּנַעֲנִים. Tosef. B. Kam. IX, 10. Mekh. l. c. s. 3 כדרך שהכ׳ וכ׳ as the Canaanite slaves go free. Sot. 35ᵇ כ׳ שבח"ל Canaanites outside of Palestine. Phœnician, merchant. Sifré Deut. 306; Yalk. ib. 942 (ref. to יערף, Deut. XXXII, 2) לשון כ׳ וכ׳ it is a merchant’s expression, f. i., a man says not to his neighbor, ‘change for me &c.,’ but ‘break &c.’ (ערוף). ↗ expanded
כָּנַף (b. h.) to bend; to cover. Nif. נִכְנַףto be covered, hidden. Pesik. Zachor, p. 29ᵃ, a. e., v. כָּנָף. ↗ expanded
כְּנַף 1 , to press, crowd; to gather. Targ. Ps. XLI, 7 (v. כְּנַס).—Taan. 23ᵇ ניתי לִיכְנוֹף גבי הדדי Ms. M. (ed. נִיכְּנִיף הדדי) let us go and crowd together (for prayer). Ab. Zar. 19ᵇ כָּנוּף ואתי וכ׳ all the world crowded about him.—Part. pass. כְּנִיף. Snh. 29ᵇ כְּנִיפֵי ויתבי if they (before whom he made the admission, v. אוֹדִיתָא) were assembled (for some other business), opp. to כּנּפִינְהוּ איהו if he himself called them to a meeting. Pa. כַּנֵּיףto collect, grab (corresp. to גָּבַב). Sabb. 73ᵇ האי מאן דכ׳ וכ׳ he who grabs (skims with his palm) salt out of the salina. Bets. 33ᵇ מחזי כמאן דמְכַנֵּיף וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. מכניא, corr. acc.) it looks as though he raked together for the next day. to assemble, call a meeting. Targ. Y. I Deut. I, 1.—Snh. l. c., v. supra. B. Kam. 113ᵃ לדידכו כַּנְּפִינְהוּ Ms. M. (ed. v. כְּנוּפְיָא) have we assembled them for your individual benefit?—Part. pass. מְכַנַּף. Ber. 58ᵇ כמאה … דמְכַנְּפֵי like one hundred stars … collected in one spot, opp. מבדרי. Gitt. 20ᵃ, v. infra. (corresp. to קָפַל) to fold, crease. Sabb. 147ᵃ אדעתא דלכַנּוּפֵי with the intention of creasing. Ithpa. אִתְכַּנַף,Ithpe. אִתְכְּנִיף, אִיכְּנִיףto be assembled, to meet, join. Targ. Cant. VIII, 7.—Taan. 23ᵇ, v. supra. to be compressed. Gitt. 20ᵃ כַּנּוּפֵי מִכְּנִיף (ed. Rashi מְכַנַּף), v. חֲרַץ. ↗ expanded
כָּנָף (mostly) m.(b. h.; [bend,] wing, wing-feather. Kel. XVII, 14 כְּנַף העוז things made of feathers of the sea-eagle; a. e.—Du.כְּנָפַיִם, pl. כְּנָפִים, כַּנְפוֹת. Ib. Toh. I, 2. Ḥull. III, 4 נמרטו כנָפֶיהָ if the wing-feathers are plucked out, v. נוֹצָה. Ib. 7 כל שיש לו ארבע כ׳ … וכְנָפָיו וכ׳ … that (locust) which has four feet and four wings …, and whose wings cover the larger portion of its body (is clean); a. fr. border, lap. Sifré Num. 115 מן הכ׳, v. גְּדִילָה II. Ib. מצות כ׳ the law concerning the borders of garments (Num. XV, 38).—Pl. as ab. Lev. R. s. 18; Koh. R. to XII, 3 (ref. to הראות ib.) אלו כַּנְפֵי הריאה those are the laps (extreme ends) of the lungs. Ḥull. 45ᵃ עד כנפי ריאה התחתונה to the borders of the lowest lung (of the animal suspended by its feet).—Euphem. for a woman’s lap (pudenda). Yeb. 4ᵃ; 49ᵃ (expl. Deut. XXIII, 1) כ׳ שראה אביו the lap which his father has seen, i.e. any woman with whom his father has had sexual connection. cover. Pesik. Zakh., p. 29ᵃ; Pesik. R. s. 12; Tanḥ. Ki Thetsé 11 (ref. to יִכָּנֵף, Is. XXX, 20) … כל זמן כ׳ מכסה וכ׳ as long as the seed of Amalek survives, it is as if a cover hid the face (of Divinity) &c. (pl.) hands, arms; (of animals) shoulders, fore-legs. Pes. VII, 11 (84ᵃ) ראשי כ׳ the cartilaginous tops of the fore-legs. Y. Naz. VI, 55ᶜ bot. (ref. to Num. VI, 19) בין שיש לו כ׳ וכ׳ whether or not he has hands (to receive the offerings; Bab. Naz. 46ᵇ כַּפַּיִם). Tosef. Dem. II, 11 מקבלין לכ׳ we accept a ḥaber (v. חָבֵר), if he promises to observe levitical cleanness of hands; Bekh. 30ᵇ. Y. Dem. II, 23ᵃ top מקריבין לכ׳. Ib. כ׳ מדפות וכ׳ the laws concerning hands, &c., v. מִדָּף.—אלישע בעל כ׳ one Elisha, a ḥaber observing cleanness of hands. Y. Ber. I, 4ᶜ bot.; Sabb. 49ᵃ; 130ᵃ (legendary origin of the surname).—Lev. R. s. 32 בעל כ׳ the winged angel. curved attachments, handles &c. Kel. XI, 6; Tosef. ib. B. Mets. I, 7, v. סִימְפּוֹנְיָא. Kel. XIV, 4 הכ׳ המקבלות וכ׳ the curves on the harness for holding the reins; ib. 5 כ׳ העשוים לנוי for ornament.—Trnsf. כנפי השכינה or כ׳ divine protection; תחת כ׳ הש׳ under the wings of divine Majesty, i.e. belief and faith in God, Jewish religion. Lev. R. s. 2 פושטין … להכניסו תחת כ׳ הש׳ we must reach out a hand to him (the proselyte) in order to take him in &c. Mekh. B’shall., Amalek, s. 2 לאבד … מתחת כְּנָפֶיךָ to lead thy people away from the faith in thee.—Ruth R. to II, 12; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּנַף 2wing, lap. Targ. I Kings VI, 24; a. fr.—Targ. Zech. VIII, 23; a. fr.—B. Mets. 85ᵃ בכַנְפֵיה דרבו in the lap of Rabbi’s garment. Sabb. 5ᵃ פשיט כנפיה וכ׳ he spread the lap of his garment and received it. B. Bath. 12ᵇ בכנפיה דאבוה on her father’s lap. Ib. 58ᵃ בכַנְפָהּ דשרה in Sarah’s lap; a. fr.—[Euphem. Targ. Deut. XXIII, 1, v. preced.]—Trnsf. protection. Targ. II Esth. IX, 14.—Pl. כַּנְפִין, כַּנְפַיָּא, כַּנְפֵי. Ib. Targ. Ez. XVII, 3. Targ. O. Num. XV, 38; a. fr.—[כַּנְפָתָא, constr. כַּנְפָת. Targ. Y. II ib., emend. by Bxt., ed. צָנְפַת.] בַּת כַּנְפָא name of an unclean bird. Targ. O. Deut. XIV, 13 (h. text הראה). ↗ expanded
כִּנָּרָא name of a shrubby tree, Christ’s-thorn or lote (Greek adapt. κόνναρος, v. Löw, Pfl., p. 283 sq.). Meg. 6ᵃ Kinnereth is Ginnosar (Gennesareth) and why is it called Kinnereth משום דמתיקי פירהא ככ׳ Ar. (v. Rabb. D. S. note 3) because its fruits are as sweet as those of the Kinnara; [Var. quot. in Ar. כי קלא דכ׳ as sweet as the sound of the lute; Ms. O. כקוליא דכ׳]. Y. ib. I, 70ᵃ bot. (hebr.) שהן מגדלות כִּינָּרִים because they produce Kinnars. Pes. 111ᵇ טולא דכינורא Ms. M. (ed. דכנדא, Ms. M. 2 דכנארא; Ms. O. דכנרא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) the shade of a K. B. Bath. 48ᵇ תלא לפאפי אכי׳ Tabi suspended P. on a Kinnara (to force him to sell a field of his; for oth. opin., v. comment.).—Pl. כִּינָּרֵי, כִּי׳. Ber. 40ᵇ רימין כ׳ Ar. a. Ms. F. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 30; ed. כנדי) Rimin (Dem. I, 1) means K. ↗ expanded
כְּנַשׁ (v. preced.) to gather, collect; to gather in. Targ. Ex. XXXV, 1 (ed. Amst. כְּנַשׁ). Targ. Koh. II, 8. Targ. Is. XXIV, 22; a. fr.—Y. Maas. Sh. IV, end, 55ᶜ לית את כ׳ thou shalt not harvest; a. fr. (cmp. גבב) to rake together, to sweep. B. Mets. 85ᵃ קכַנְשָׁא ביתא Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) was sweeping the house. Ḥull. 60ᵃ אתא … כַּנְשֵׁיה לימא a blast of wind came and swept it (the store of provision) into the sea. Pa. כַּנֵּישׁsame. Targ. Mic. II, 12; a. e.—Lev. R. s. 25 היא מְכַנְּשָׁא להון she calls the chickens together. Y. Ber. IX, end 14ᵈ דמְכַנְּשִׁין, v. בְּדַר; a. e. Af. אַכְנֵישׁsame. Targ. Ez. XI, 17 (ed. Lag. אִיכְנֵישׁPe.); a. e. Ithpa. אִתְכַּנַּשׁ,Ithpe. אִתְכְּנִישׁ, אִתְכְּנַשׁto be gathered, to be called in; to retire. Targ. Jud. XII, 1 (ed. Wil. … שׂ) Targ. Gen. XXV, 8. Targ. Jer. XLVII, 6; a. fr.—Koh. R. to IX, 10 אִתְכַּנְּשׁוּן כל קרייתא וכ׳ all the towns (people) met to mourn for him. Tanḥ. Ki Thetsé 4 טב ליה לצדיקא דאי׳ בשלם (not לצדיקיא) it is better for the righteous man to be gathered in (die) in peace; Pesik. Zakh., p. 23ᵃ טב ליה מִתְכְּנַשׁ בשלם; Yalk. Ps. 868 טב ליה לההיא סבא דמִתְכְּנִישׁ וכ׳. ↗ expanded
כִּנְשָׁא (preced.) gathering, people.—Pl. כִּנְשָׁן, כִּי׳. Targ. O. Gen. XVII, 16 (Y. כִּנְשִׁין m.; h. text גוים). ↗ expanded
כַּנְתָא (כנן) winding, convolution, (sub. דמעיא) ileum, the third division of the small intestines. Ḥull. 48ᵇ; 113ᵃ, v. הֲדוּרָא. Gitt. 69ᵃ כ׳ פטירתא the ileum of a first-born.—Yalk. Koh. 976 (counting ten stations of the digestive process) מכרוכא עבה לכְנַת מעיא from the large winding (jejunum) to the ileum (corresp. to סני(א) דיבי, Lev. R. s. 3, a. Koh. R. to VII, 19). [Koh. R. l. c. כנת מעיא some ed., read בנת.] (cmp. כֶּרֶךְ, אִמְבּוּרְקְלוֹן) wrapper of loosely woven matting. Succ. 20ᵇ חזו לכ׳ דפירי Ar. (ed. לכינ׳, Ms. M. לבנ׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) are fit for baling fruits. Keth. 105ᵇ כ׳ דפירי a bale of fruits, כ׳ דגלדני of small fish. ↗ expanded
כנתי , a word in a charm formula. Yoma 84ᵃ כ׳ כ׳ קלירוס (Ms. M. קנגי קנדי קליריס). ↗ expanded
כַּסָּא 1 , cup, calyx. Targ. Gen. XL, 11; a. fr.—Targ. I Kings VII, 26; a. fr.—Targ. II Sam. XII, 3 כָּסֵיה ed. Lag. (oth. כּוֹסֵיה).—Ber. 28ᵃ, v. יְקָרָא. Ib. 51ᵇ, v. בִּרְכְתָא. Y. Ḥag. II, 78ᵃ bot., v. בִּשְׂרוּתָה. Ib. כ׳ דקיסא וכ׳ out of a cup of sharp-edged glass drink quickly (ere it cut your lip); [Y. Bets. II, 61ᶜ top סמא; Y. Maas. Sh. V, 56ᶜ top סבא, Meïri to Bets. 20ᵇ ססא]; a. fr.—Pl. כַּסִּין, כַּסַּיָּיא, כַּסֵּי, כָּס׳. Targ. Jer. XXXV, 5.—Y. Nidd. II, end, 50ᵇ כ׳ טיברייאי (not … אה) Tiberian glass cups (transparent). Pes. 110ᵃ; a. fr.—(בּית) בּי כַּסַּיָּא = h. בית הכוסות, v. כּוֹס. Lev. R. s. 3; [Koh. R. to VII, 19 (of the human body) בית כסא, by mistake borrowed from Lev. R. l. c.; v. Yalk. Koh. 976]. ↗ expanded
כִּסֵּאbolsters, chair, throne. Tosef. Bets. III, 11. Ib. 17 אין יוצאין בכִּסֵּה ed. Zuck. (Var. בכסא) you must not be carried out on a sedan chair (on Holy Days); Bets. 25ᵇ. Ib. כ׳ מה אתון ביה what is your opinion about carrying a person on a chair &c.?—Kel. XXII, 3 הכ׳ שלפני קתידרא the bolster in front of the cathedra (a kind of footstool). Ib. 4, v. חִפּוּי; a. fr.—כ׳ הכבוד the throne of Divine Majesty. Ḥag. 13ᵃ; a. fr.—כ׳ הדין the throne of Divine judgment; כ׳ רחמים mercy-seat. Lev. R. s. 29 אני עומד מכ׳ הדין וכ׳ I rise from the throne of judgment and seat myself on the throne of mercy; a. fr.—Euphem. בית הכ׳privy. Tam. I, 1 בית הכ׳ של כבוד a chaste privy. Ber. 25ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. כִּסָּאוֹת, כִּסָּיוֹת, כִּי׳; with suff. כִּסְאֵי־. Ex. R. s. 31; a. fr.—Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. X, 6 הכיסיות שבבימה (not הכו׳) the (stationary) seats in public courts. Pesik. R. s. 23-24 עמדו מכִּסְאֵיהֶם arose from their thrones.—[Zab. IV, 4 כסאות, v. כֶּסֶת.] ↗ expanded
כֶּסֶא (כָּסָה I) mark, distinction; marked, appointed time. Lev. R. s. 29; Pesik. Baḥod., p. 153ᵃ (ref. to Ps. LXXXI, 4) וכי כל החדשים אינן חדש אלא בכ׳ ‘on the New Moon’, are all other new moons no New Moons (festive days)?; but (therefore is added) bakkesé, on the distinguished (month), v. כָּסָה I. [Pirké d’R. El. ch. VII, end, a. Bets. 16ᵃ our w. is taken in the sense of cover.] ↗ expanded
כָּסוּל (denom. of כֶּסֶל) an animal with a deformed hip. Bekh. VI, 7 (40ᵃ) כ׳ שאחת מירכותיו גבוהה (Talm. ed. גבוהות, corr. acc.) a kasul is one whose one hip is higher than the other. Ib. 40ᵃ כ׳ שרגלו אחד וכ׳ a k. is he whose one foot is seated in the loin and the other over the loin; Tosef. ib. IV, 10 איזהו פסול (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כְּסוּתcover, clothing. B. Bath. 9ᵃ אין בודקין לכ׳ we must not investigate in the case of a poor man asking for clothes; Y. Peah VIII, 21ᵃ, v. דִּקְדֵּק. Tam. I, 1 ומתכסין בכ׳ עצמן and covered themselves with their own (private) garments; a. fr.—[Y. Ḥag. II, end, 78ᶜ ואפי׳ כ׳, read כָּפוּת, v. יָבַל.] ↗ expanded
כְּסוּתָא Targ. O. Ex. XXII, 8 כסו ed. Berl. (oth. ed. a. Y. כּסוּיm.). Ib. 25; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כָּסַחto cut down, clear (of thorns, bushes &c.); to trim. Cant. R. to I, 1; Gen. R. s. 12; (Koh. R. to II, 12 כיסח Pi.). Gen. R. s. 49 למגל כּוֹסֶחֶת וכ׳ like a scythe cutting thorns and not being satisfied &c.; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּסוּחַ, pl. כְּסוּחִים, כְּסוּחִין. Y. Maasr. III, 50ᵈ bot. קוצין כ׳ כָּסַחְתִּי (not כסיחין) I cut mowed thorns, i.e. I only put to death doomed culprits; Pesik. B’shall., p. 92ᵃ כוסים כוסחים (corr. acc.), v. כּוֹס II. Pi. כִּיסֵּחַsame. Kil. II, 5 אם נכש או כ׳ if he weeded or cut. Shebi. II, 10 אין מְכַסְּחִין you must not cut (trim) rice plants (in the Sabbath year). Y. Shek. V, beg. 48ᶜ הראשונים … כִּיסְּחוּ וכ׳ our predecessors sowed …, cleared …, yet we have nothing to eat, i.e. they did their utmost for the Law, but we do not profit by their labors. Sifra B’ḥuck. Par. 2, ch. V כיסת, כיסה ed. Weiss (corr. acc.); a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּסַח Targ. O. Lev. XXV, 3, sq.; a. e.—Snh. 26ᵃ. [Y. Sabb. VI, end, 8ᵈ קריב למכסח, v. מוֹכְסָא.] Pa. כַּסֵּחַsame. Targ. Ps. LXXX, 13. ↗ expanded
כסי (cmp. כסח) to make incisions, mark, count. Part. pass. כָּסוּיmarked, distinguished. Pesik. R. s. 39 (ref. to Ps. LXXXI, 4, v. כֶּסֶא) מהו בכסא בחדש שהוא כ׳ (not כיסוי) what is bakkesé? In the month which is marked (v. infra). Nif. נִכְסֶה,Nithpa. נִתְכַּסֶּהto be marked, distinguished. Lev. R. s. 29 (ref. to Ps. l. c.) וכל החדשים אינן נִכְסִין אלא ליום חגנו are all other months (or New Moon Days) not marked?—But (it must be marked by) ‘a festive day’; [read:] חגו בפני עצמו והלא ניסן חדש נִכְסֶה ויש לו חג: (Ar. … חדש ונתכסה) but is not Nisan a marked month with a festival? (Answ.) Its festival is separate from it (not coinciding with the New Moon Day); אלא איזהו חדש נ׳ ויש לו חג וכ׳ but what month is there that is marked and has a festival, and that on the same day?; Pesik. Baḥod., p. 153ᵃ ↗ expanded
כסי ² (b. h.) to cover.—Part. pass. כָּסוּי, f. כְּסוּיָה; pl. כְּסוּיִים, כְּסוּיִין; כְּסוּיוֹת. Gen. R. s. 52 אתם כִּסִּיתֶם … כְּסוּי עינים you have concealed from me the sight (of truth), therefore the son that you will raise will be of covered eyes (blind); Yalk. Gen. 91 כסות (corr. acc.); B. Kam. 93ᵃ הואיל וכִיסִּית … בנים כְּסוּיֵי עיניים (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ הכְּסוּיִין (not הכיסוין) the covered liquids. Pi. כִּיסָּה, כִּסָּהto cover, hide. Ḥull. VI, 4 … שחט ולא כ׳ לכַסּוֹת if one slaughters and fails to cover the blood, and another person sees it, he is bound to cover it. Pes. 119ᵃ (ref. to Is. XXIII, 18) זהו המְכַסֶּה דברים וכ׳ he who keeps secret the things which the Old of Days has covered (mysteries). B. Kam. l. c.; Gen. R. l. c., v. supra. Pesik. R. s. 26 מְכַסָּה אני ממך shall I conceal it from thee?—Gen. R. s. 87 כִּסְּתָה פניה she covered her (the idol’s) face. Ib. לא כ׳ עליהם הכתוב the Bible did not cover their guilt (v. חָפָה); a. fr.—Part. pass. מְכוּסֶּה, f. מְכוּסָּה; pl. מְכוּסִּים, מְכוּסִּין; מְכוּסּוֹת. Ib. s. 52 (ref. to Gen. XX, 16 [read:] עשאה מטרונה כסות עינים שהיא מכ׳ מן העין he (Abimelech) made a matron of her (Sarah) (giving her) ‘a cover of the eyes’, by which she was protected from the gaze (of men). Pes. 54ᵇ שבעה … מכ׳ וכ׳ seven things are hidden from man; a. fr.—[Gen. R. s. 79, end מה את מכסה בי, read: מב׳, v. בְּסָא.—Sifra B’ḥuck., Par. 2, ch. V כיסה, v. כָּסַח.] Nif. נִכְסָהto be covered, hidden. Snh. II, 1 (18ᵃ; 19ᵃ) הן נִכְסִין … והוא נ׳ when they (who form the funeral cortege) are hidden from his view (when entering an alley), he (the high priest) appears; when they emerge, he disappears (in the alley). Cant. R. to II, 9 נראה וחוזר ונ׳ is visible and disappears again; Ruth. R. to II, 14; Pesik. Haḥod., p. 49ᵇ. Num. R. s. 22 (play on נְכָסִים) נ׳ מזה וכ׳ they disappear from one and appear to the other; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְכַּסֶּהto be covered, clothed. Bets. 16ᵃ (ref. to בַּכֶּסֶה, Ps. LXXXI, 4) איזהו חג שהחדש מִתְכַּסֶּה בו what festival is that on which the new moon is hidden (seen only by a few)?; Pirké d’R. El. ch. VII, end ביום שמ׳ כולו on the day when the moon is entirely covered. Deut. R. s. 3 מתכ׳ משלו clothed himself at his (the fosterfather’s) expense. Ib. כל … אוכל ומתכ׳ וכ׳ all that is spent on you for eating and clothing &c. Keth. V, 8 מִתְכַּסָּה, v. בְּלָאוֹת. Tam. I, 1 מִתְכַּסִּין, v. כְּסוּת; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּסֵי ² , Part. pass. כְּסִי, f. כַּסְיָאhidden. Targ. I Sam. III, 1 כְּסִי Bxt. (ed. כַּסִּי, כַּסֵּי; h. text יקר). Targ. II Kings VI, 8 (h. text פלני). Targ. Job XXVIII, 21. Targ. II Kings VI, 9 כָּסָן (h. text נְחִתִּים). Pa. כַּסֵּיto cover, hide, conceal. Targ. O. Gen. XXXVIII, 15 (Y. כעיסת). Ib. XLVII, 18; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְכַסָּאunknown, remote. Targ. II Kings XIX, 2. Targ. O. Lev. IV, 13. Targ. II Sam. XIII, 2 (h. text ויפלא); a. e.—Sabb. 156ᵇ כַּסִּי רישיך וכ׳ keep thy head covered in order that the fear of the Lord may rest upon thee. Ib. 125ᵃ לכַסּוּיֵי בהו וכ׳ to cover a nuisance with it. Gen. R. s. 52, [read as:] Yalk. ib. 91 וכסי עיניך מינאי and close thine eye from upon me, i.e. take the indulgence money. Taan. 25ᵃ רקיע … כסי פניך ולא אִיכַּסִי ‘cover thy face, O sky,’ but the sky was not covered. Ḥull. 87ᵃ אפשר … ומְכַסֵּי בחדא he may kill with one hand and cover (the blood) with the other; a. fr. Ithpa. אִיתְכַּסִּי, אִיכַּסִּיto be covered, hidden; to cover one’s self; to conceal one’s self, withdraw. Targ. Y. Gen. XX, 16. Targ. Y. Lev. IV, 13. Targ. Gen. XVIII, 14 (h. text יפלא, v. supra); a. fr.—Targ. Ps. CXXXIX, 6 מִכַּסְיָא.—Taan. l. c., v. supra. Ib. 23ᵃ א׳ מעינא ונים וכ׳ he disappeared and slept seventy years. Keth. 63ᵃ שאילי … ואִיכַּסָּאִי borrow some garments and dress thyself; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּסִיָּיה (כָּסָה II) covering; כְּסִיַּית עיניםblindness. Meg. 28ᵃ א"ת כסות אלא כ׳ ע׳ ed., v. כֵּהוּת. ↗ expanded
כְּסִיל (b. h.) (a denom. of כֶּסֶל q. v.) [one with thick loins, stout,] (cmp. טִפֵּשׁ) fool, foolish, overbearing. Y. Peah I, 15ᵇ bot.; Yalk. Ex. 415 (ref. to Prov. III, 26) דברים שאתה כ׳ בהם וכ׳ in things in which thou art foolish (ignorant), He will guard thy foot &c.—Pl. כְּסִילִים. Num. R. s. 16 (ref. to Prov. XXVI, 6) עשו עצמן כ׳ they (the spies) made fools of themselves. K’sil, the constellation Orion (v. Winer, Reallex. s. v. Nimrod). Ber. 58ᵇ ↗ expanded
כְּסִיסְטָא (ξέστης, v. Sm. Ant. s. v.) xestes, sextarius, a dry and liquid measure (nearly a pint).—Pl. כְּסִיסְטָאוֹת, כְּסוּ׳. Gen. R. s. 4; Yalk. ib. 5. [‘Rashi’ reads גְּזוּזְטְרָאוֹת.] ↗ expanded
כְּסִיתָא (כְּסֵי II) [the covered, rare,] coral; coral-wood. B. Bath. 80ᵇ, sq.; R. Hash. 23ᵃ, v. אַלְמוּג; Yalk. Is. 314 סכסיתא (corr. acc.). R. Hash. l. c. דבי ארמאי מסקן כ׳ the light ships (v. בּוּרְנִי) of the Romans are employed for fishing corals. Ib. (describing the diving process) … וקטר בכ׳ and flax ropes are tied to the coral plants &c. Keth. 98ᵃ כ׳ דיתמי Var. in Rashi (ed. כיסתא) corals belonging to minor orphans. ↗ expanded
*כְּסִיתָּא a phonetic rendition of קְשִׂיטָה q. v. Gen. R. s. 79 (corr. vers. after Ar. s. v. קשיטה) (they heard one woman say to another) אשאלי לי כְּסִיתְּתָךְ (for קשיטתך, meaning to say מרגליתיך); (and furthermore) אפיק הדא כ׳ למרעיא lead this K’sitta out to pasture (meaning to say אִימַּרְתָּא); [Ar. reads קשיט׳]. ↗ expanded
כֶּסֶךְ (transpos. of סכסך q. v.; cmp. גַּעְגֵּעַ), pl. כְּסָכִים, כַּסְכַּסִּיםleather thongs for crosswise fastening (cmp. b. h. שָׂרַךְ a. שְׂרוֹךְ נַעַל). Sabb. 138ᵇ הגוד בכְסָכָיו Ar. (Ms. O. בכַסְכַּסָּיו; ed. בכיסנא, read: בכיסכא; Ms. M. חגור בנסבא, read: הגוד בכסכא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) it is permitted to stretch the milk (or wine) bag by its thongs, v. גּוֹד. Ib. 139ᵇ בכילה ובכְסָכֶיהָ Ar. (ed. ובכַסְכַּסֶּיהָ) wrapt in a bed-curtain with the thongs attached. ↗ expanded
כִּסְכּוּס (next w.) rubbing. Zeb. 94ᵇ כיבוס דלית ליה כ׳ וכ׳ washing without rubbing is not called kibbus↗ expanded
כִּסְכֵּס (v. כְּסַס) to rub, scour. Nidd. IX, 7 וצריך לכַסְכֵּס וכ׳ one must scour with these substances three times. Sabb. 141ᵃ מְכַסְכְּסוֹ מבפנים he may rub the mud off from the inside. Y. ib. VII, 10ᵃ bot. ובלבד שלא יְכַסְכֵּס provided that he does not rub. to chew, gnaw, v. כָּסַס. ↗ expanded
כַּסְכֵּס , to rub, to polish. Sabb. 140ᵃ כַּסְכּוּסֵי, v. כִּיתָּנִיתָא. M. Kat. 10ᵇ לכַסְכּוּסֵי קירמי to gloss fine clothes by rubbing with a substance. Zeb. 94ᵇ top שכשוכי אין כסכוסי לא (quot. in Sh’ilt. d’R. Aḥai s. 86; ed. שכשוך … כיבוס …) cleansing by rinsing is permitted, by rubbing is forbidden. [Sabb. 147ᵃ כגון כסכוסי מאנא דמחזי כמרזב Ms. M. a. Ar., a gloss, interpreting כיסי בבלייתא.] ↗ expanded
כַּסְכְּסַיָּיה (v. preced.) makers of confusion, of strife (cmp. Is. XIX, 2), allegorical name of messengers from Sodom (Edom), v. בַּזְבְּזַיָּיה. Sabb. 67ᵃ Ms. M. (ed. כס כסיא, read: כַּסְכְּסַיָּא). ↗ expanded
כסכסייך , a word in a charm formula (v. preced.). Sabb. 67ᵃ Ms. M. (missing in ed.). ↗ expanded
כֶּסֶל c. (b. h.; [incision,] groin, loin.—Bekh. 40ᵃ, v. כָּסוּל. Yalk. Gen. 133 (quot. fr. Midr. Vayisu) בכסא ימנית (corr. acc.) in the right loin.—Pl. כְּסָלִים, כְּסָלִין. Tosef. Bekh. IV, 10 [read:] כל שכְּסָלָיו יוצאין a kasul is one whose loins protrude. Sabb. 31ᵇ וישׁ להם חלב על הכ׳ Ar. (ed. כִּסְלָם) and yet have fat on the groins (are careless).—Trnsf. (cmp. טפש) laziness, inactivity; trust; thought. Yalk. Num. 742; Yalk. Ps. 819 quot. fr. Y’lamd. (v. Ar. s. v. כסל) כִּסְלָם … מחשבתם וכ׳kislam (Ps. LXXVIII, 7) means their thought, as we read (Lev. III, 4, cmp. כִּלְיָה) ‘that which is by the loins’; (oth. opin.) טיפשותן it means their inactivity, as it is said (Koh. IV, 5) &c.; (oth. opin.) בטחונן their trust as we read (Job XXXI, 24) &c. ↗ expanded
כִּסְלֵו v. Schr. KAT2, p. 380) Kislev, the ninth month of the Jewish calendar, of thirty or twenty-nine days, beginning between the third of November and the first of December, and ending between the third of December and the second of January. Targ. Zech. VII, 1; a. e.—Sabb. 21ᵇ. Meg. Taan. ch. IX. ↗ expanded
כָּסַסto cut, grind, chew, nibble. Tosef. Ber. IV, 6 הכּוֹסֵס חטים he who chews wheat grains; Ber. 37ᵃ; a. fr.—Num. R. s. 11 (ref. to אש אכלת, Ex. XXIV, 17) … שבע היו כוֹסְסוֹת זו בזו seven partitions (strata) of fire were eating into one another; Pesik. Haḥod. p. 45ᵃ; Pesik. R. s. 15 בוססות (corr. acc.); v. טָכַס. (b. h.) to make incisions, to mark, count. Mekh. Bo. s. 3; Pes. 61ᵃ; Y. ib. V, 32ᵃ bot., v. נָכַס. Pilp. כִּסְכֵּסto chew &c. Tanḥ. Vayigg. 3 מְכַסְכֵּס בשיניו cut (the bronze peas) with his teeth.—V. סִכְסֵךְ II. Nithpa. נִתְכַּסְכֵּס, נִיכַּ׳to be gnawed at (by fire), be charred. Y. Bets. IV, 62ᶜ bot. בשביל שלא תִכַּסְכֵּס (prob. to be read תתכ׳) that it (the log) may not catch fire. ↗ expanded
כְּסַסto cut, chew. Yoma 81ᵇ; Ber. 36ᵇ כַּס פילפלי וכ׳ if one chewed pepper on the Day of Atonement. Meg. 7ᵇ בעאי למֵיכַס וכ׳ I should have liked to chew the plate after it; Yalk. Esth. 1059 דאִיכְסִיסֵיה (not דאיב׳). [to cut or scratch off, peel, diminish, (v. P. Sm. 1777),] to rebuke, chastise (v. כְּסַן). Targ. Prov. IX, 8 תִכוּס (ed. Lag. תָכֵיסAf.). Af. אַכֵּס, אָכֵיסto give to chew. Keth. 77ᵃ אַכְסוּהוּ שערי וכ׳ give El. barley to chew (as to an animal, i.e. he is an ignoramus). Ib. על דא אכסוה וכ׳ on account of this (opinion), they gave El. barley to eat in Babylonia. to rebuke, chastise. Targ. Prov. l. c., v. supra. Ib. XXVIII, 23. ↗ expanded
כָּסַף (b. h.) to peel, whiten (cmp. חָסַף).—Part. pass. כָּסוּף, pl. כְּסוּפִיםbright. Sifré Deut. 13 וותיקים כ׳ distinguished (of position), bright of intellect; ib. Num. 92 וכסופים. Hif. הִכְסִיףto grow pale, fade, wither. Pes. III, 5 (expl. שיאור) כל שהִכְסִיפוּ פניו כאדם וכ׳ a dough the surface of which becomes pale and wrinkled, like (the sight of) a man whose hair (שַׂעַר) stands up from fright. Nidd. 47ᵃ משיַכְסִיף ראש וכ׳ when the centre of the oblate portion of the breast begins to be wrinkled; Tosef. ib. VI, 4 משיִכָּסֵף (Nif.). Sabb. 34ᵇ ה׳ התחתון when the lower horizon becomes pale (is no longer red); Y. Ber. I, 2ᵇ bot.—Pes. 39ᵃ פניו מַכְסִיפִין the leaves look faded (and curled); a. e. to deteriorate, fall in value, opp. השביח (cmp. חָסַר). Arakh. 30ᵃ וה׳ ועמד על מנה and fell until it was worth only one Manah. Keth. 80ᵇ שמא תַכְסִיף the soil may deteriorate (through neglect); a. e. to put to shame; to frighten, to alarm. Ex. R. s. 35 (play on כֶּסֶף, I Chr. XXIX, 4) שהיה מַכְסִיף כל הזהבים it alarmed all gold-workers (emptying their shops); Cant. R. to III, 10; Y. Yoma IV, 41ᵈ top שהיה מ׳ בעד וכ׳ spread alarm among all the shops of &c. Nif. נִכְסַףto grow pale &c., v. supra. ↗ expanded
כְּסַף 1 , to feel ashamed, frightened. Targ. Y. Num. XII, 14 (h. text הכלם); a. e.—Arakh. 16ᵇ דלִיכְסוֹף זרעיה וכ׳ that the seed of Rab should be put to shame through me. Taan. 22ᵃ וכְסִיפָא להו מילתא וכ׳ Ms. M. 2 a. Rashi (Ms. M. 1 only וכסיפא להו, ed. ואִכְּסִיפוּIthpe.) and the gentlemen (you) felt abashed to tell us; a. fr.—[Targ. Ps. XLI, 7 יכסף some ed., read: יכנף, v. כְּנַף I.] Pa. כַּסֵּיף, , Af. אַכְסֵיףto frighten; to put to shame. Targ. Ps. XLIV, 10; a. fr.—Kidd. 81ᵃ כַּסִּיפְתִּינָן (כַּסַּפְ׳) thou didst frighten us (by a false alarm). Ḥag. 5ᵃ וכַסַּפְתֵּיה and thou didst put him to shame; Koh. R. end וכַסִּיפְתֵּיה. Sabb. 3ᵇ דאי לאו … כספתיה וכ׳ for if he were not a great man, thou mightst have put him to shame, for he might have given thee an inappropriate reply. Hor. 13ᵇ מַכְסְפִיתוּ לי Ms. M. (ed. כסיפיתנן, corr. כַּסִּיפְתּוּנָן) you might have put me to shame; a. e. to reduce in value, to cause deterioration. Keth. 104ᵇ מְכַסְּפֵי (or מַכְסְפֵי) they (the heirs) will neglect it (instead of improving).—[ to feel ashamed. Targ. Ps. LXXIV, 21 מַכְסִיף (prob. to be read: מַכְסַף or מְכַסַּף, part. pass.).] Ithpa. אִתְכַּסַּף, אִיכַּ׳,Ithpe. אִתְכְּסֵף, אִיכְּסִיףto be made pale, to be frightened, to be put to shame. Targ. Job VI, 20; a. e.—Kidd. l. c. מוטב תִּיכַּסְּפוּ … ולא תיכספו מיני וכ׳ it is better that you of the house of Amram be frightened through me in this world, than that you should be ashamed of me (as a sinner) in the world to come. B. Bath. 111ᵃ; Ab. Zar. 36ᵃ איכ׳ he felt alarmed. Taan. 25ᵃ אִיכַּסְּפָא ועיילא וכ׳ (missing in Ms. M.) she felt abashed and went &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כֶּסֶףpreced. wds.) silver; (sub. מעה) a silver piece, M’ah (one sixth of a Denar, v. Zuckerm. Jüd. Münz. p. 15; p. 33, note 203); in gen. money, value. Kidd. I, 1 בכ׳ by (handing to her) an object of value. Yeb. 63ᵇ שמזונותיו תלויין בכַסְפּוֹ whose livelihood depends on his money (a money-lender). Shebu. VI, 1 הטענה שתי כ׳ the claim must amount to no less than two M’ah. Tosef. Keth. XIII (XII), 3 כ׳ בבל the Babylonian silver standard; כ׳ א"י the Palestinean &c. Ib. כ׳ שדיברה … זו היא כ׳ צורי זה ירושלמי wherever the Torah speaks of Kesef (as fines), it must be paid according to the Tyrian standard … that is the Jerusalem kesef (eight times the provincial kesefכ׳ מדינה, v. Zuckerm. l. c.); a. v. fr.—Pl. כְּסָפִים. B. Mets. 42ᵃ; Pes. 31ᵇ כ׳ אין להם שמירה וכ׳ coins given in trust are not duly guarded unless they are buried in the ground. Y. Yoma IV, beg. 41ᵇ בשלשה … ובכ׳ by three methods was the land of Israel divided, by lots, by the Urim and Tummim, and according to the value of property; a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּסַף 2 Targ. Gen. XX, 16. Ib. XLIV, 8; a. fr.—Y. Kidd. I, 58ᵈ יַקִּירָא. Y. Bicc. III, 65ᵈ top מתמני בכ׳ appointed to office for money. B. Kam. 87ᵃ אפחתה מכַּסְפָּהּ Ms. M. he lessened her value; a. fr.—Pl. כַּסְפַּיָּיא. Targ. Gen. XLII, 25; 35.—Y. Bicc. l. c. לא בכ׳ אתמני was it not through gifts of money that he was appointed? ↗ expanded
כַּסְפָּא 2 (in Nabatean dialect) = חַסְפָּא. Y. Ned. I, 37ᵃ a. e., v. חַסְפָּא II↗ expanded
כָּסִפְיָא (b. h.) pr. n. pl. Casifia. Lev. R. s. 5 (ref. to ארץ רחבת ידים, Is. XXII, 18) זו כ׳ (some ed. כסיפא, v. Rashi to Is. l. c.) that means the exile to C. ↗ expanded
כְּסַפְתָּא (denom. of כַּסְפָּא) money-chest. B. Kam. 62ᵃ. Ḥull. 133ᵇ ↗ expanded
כסרא , Targ. Job XVIII, 13 ed. Lag., read: בִּסְרָא or כְּבִסְרָאas meat, a gloss to תקוף משכיה. ↗ expanded
כֶּסֶתbag, bolster, cushion. Mikv. X, 2 הכר והכ׳ של עור mattress and pillow cases of leather; כ׳ עגולה a round cushion (closed all around). Ber. VIII, 3; Tosef. ib. VI (V), 3 על הכ׳ on the cushion (whereon the diner reclines); a. fr.—Pl. כְּסָתוֹת. Gitt. 56ᵃ. Kil. IX, 2; a. fr.—כִּסִּיּוֹת, כִּיסִּ׳. Tosef. Zab. IV, 4 מוטל על ה׳ כ׳ stretched on five (separated) bolsters; Zab. IV, 4 (Talm. ed. כסאות, ed. Dehr. כסיות). (trnsf.) thick flesh.—Pl. כְּסָתוֹת. Bekh. 45ᵃ כ׳ calves. Gen. R. s. 17; Koh. R. to III, 19 לתחתיתו כ׳ thick flesh of the ischium; Yalk. Koh. 969 כסות (corr. acc.). הכ׳, Hakkeseth, surname of one Ben Tsitsith. Gitt. l. c. [כסת, Sifra B’ḥuck. Par. 2, ch. V, v. כָּסַח.] ↗ expanded
כָּעוּס (part. pass. of כָּעַס) an excited serpent. Sabb. 62ᵇ (play on תעכסנה, Is. III, 16) ומכניסות … כארס בכ׳ they caused lust to seize their (the men’s) hearts (as hot as) as the venom of the excited serpent; (older eds. כארס נחש כעוס; Ms. O. כא׳ של עכנה, Ms. M. כאש בנעורת); Yoma 9ᵇ; Yalk. Is. 264.—V. כָּעַס. ↗ expanded
כְּעִירוּת (כָּעַר) ugliness, repulsiveness. Y. Gitt. IX, end, 50ᵈ אוף היא עצמה מביאה לידי כ׳ even this very thing (neglect of toilet) will make her repulsive (in her husband’s eyes); Sifra M’tsora, end (נכנס הדבר לידי איבה). Esth. R. to I, 3 (opp. ניֹי). ↗ expanded
כַּעַךְ , pl. כַּעֲכִים, כַּעֲכִין (= כעכע, transpos. of עכעך, formed like כֶּסֶךְ; cmp. כַּכָּא) [teeth,] pronged and lengthy unleavened cakes. Tosef. Ḥall. I, 7 עשאה כ׳ if he shaped ‘the dogs’ dough’ into prongs, opp. לימודין; Y. ib. I, end, 58ᵃ כעבין (corr. acc.); Ber. 38ᵃ top כעכים a. לימודין Ms. M. (ed. כעב׳ a. כלימודין). Pes. 48ᵇ ↗ expanded
כַּעֲכָא, pl. כַּעֲכֵי same. Ber. 42ᵃ top ריפי כ׳ Ar. (ed. only ריפתי, Ms. F. כעכי ריפתא; Var. in Ar. כַּכֵּי). ↗ expanded
כְּעַן (contr. of כְּעִידָּן, v. כְּדוּן) now. Targ. O. Num. XXIV, 4; 6 (Y. כדון, h. text עתה). Targ. II Sam. III, 8 מכ׳ (h. text היום); a. fr.—Cant. R. to I, 1 הוינה כד הוינא ברם כ׳ וכ׳ I was (king) when I was, but now I am no more. ↗ expanded
כְּעֶנֶת adv. (עני) correspondingly, וּכְ׳and so forth, i.e. and as the corresponding titles may be. Ezra IV, 10; a. e.—Ib. 17 וּכְעֶת. ↗ expanded
כָּעַס (b. h.) [to be dark, hot, cmp. חמץ,] to be angry, displeased. Ber. 61ᵇ top, v. כָּבֵד III. Tem. 16ᵃ (play on עַכְסָה) כל … כּוֹעֵס על וכ׳ whoever saw her became displeased with his own wife. Ned. 22ᵃ, a. fr. כל הכועס whoever allows himself to be carried away by his wrath. Ex. R. s. 45 מטרונה שכָּעֲסָה על וכ׳ a matron (queen) that was angry with the king’s daughter; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּעוּס, f. כְּעוּסָה; pl. כְּעוּסִים, כְּעוּסוֹת. Ib. כשיהיו פניך כ׳ וכ׳ when thou shalt be angry, I shall conciliate thee &c.; (Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 27 כשאהיה אני בכעס); a. e.—V. כָּעוּס.— to grow hot in the stomach, to ferment, swell. Gitt. 70ᵃ לכשתִּכְעוֹס תעמוד על מליאה Ar. (ed. מילואך) when it (the food) swells, it will just fill the capacity of thy stomach. Hif. הִכְעִיסto provoke to anger. Deut. R. s. 3. שהם עתידים להַכְעִיס אותי that they are going to provoke me (through idolatry). Ab. V, 2 היו מַכְעִיסִין וכ׳ were constantly provoking (the Lord). Snh. 27ᵃ, a. fr. להַכְעִיס in a spirit of defiance, v. מוּמָר; a. fr.—Imper. אַכְעִיס (for הכעיס). Ruth R. end (ref. to Ps. IV, 5) ארגיז יצרך … א׳ יצרך ולא תחטא let thy tempter rage, but sin not; but the Rabbis say, arouse thy (good) inclination to indignation, and thou shalt not sin. [Midr. Till. to Ps. l. c. אַכְחֵישׁ … ואל יחטיאך weaken thy tempter (by ascetics) &c.; Yalk. Ps. 627;—Pesik. Shubah, p. 158ᵃ אכופס, corr. acc.] ↗ expanded
כְּעַס Targ. Ps. CXII, 10.—Y. Ber. VII, 11ᵇ bot. שמע … מלכא וכ׳ King Jannai heard of it and became angry; Gen. R. s. 91; a. fr.—[Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVIII, 15 כְּעִיסַת אפין angry-looking, morose (h. text כסתה פניה); prob. a. corrupt. of כַּסִּיאַת, and רחים, at the end of the sentence, to be read חכים; cmp. Gen. R. s. 85]. Af. אַכְעַסto provoke to anger; א׳ (עובדא) קדםto act provokingly, defiantly against. Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 19. Ib. 21.—Esth. R. introd. מדאַכְעֲסוּ … עובדיהון וכ׳ when the beloved children (Israel) defied &c.; (Yalk. Esth. 1044; Yalk. Job 920 ארגיזו). ↗ expanded
כַּעַסpreced.) anger, grief. Tosef. Yeb. VI, 6 היה לה כ׳ מבעלה if she had been living on bad terms with her husband; Yeb. 42ᵇ; Keth. 60ᵇ בבית בעלה; Erub. 47ᵃ עם ב׳. Ex. R. s. 45 כשאהיה בכ׳ וכ׳, v. כָּעַס. Ab. IV, 18 אל … בשעת כּעֲסוֹ do not try to pacify thy neighbor while he is excited. Sifré Num. 157, v. כְּלָל; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כַּעֲסָא Targ. Y. II, Deut. XXXII, 19. Ib. 27. ↗ expanded
כָּעַר (cmp. כָּעַס) to be dark, ugly, repulsive (cmp. אוּכְמָא).—Part. pass. כָּעוּר, כָּאוּר; f. כְּעוּרָה; pl. כְּעוּרִים, כְּעוּרִין; כְּעוּרוֹת, כְּא׳ a) ugly, ungainly. Gen. R. s. 36 לפיכך … כ׳ ומפוחם therefore shall this man (thou) be ugly and black. B. Kam. IX, 4 (100ᵇ) צבעו כ׳, v. כַּלְכּוּס. Esth. R. to I, 12 אם רואין אותי כ׳ if they find me ungainly. Cant. R. to V, 11; a. fr.—b) unbecoming, indecent. Y. Keth. VII, 31ᶜ top כא׳ הדבר תצא that is indecent conduct, and cause for divorce; (Yeb. 24ᵇ, sq. מכוער). Gen. R. s. 60 שכ׳ לאיש וכ׳ for it is unbecoming for a man to walk behind a woman.—c) (cmp. חָוַר) not evident, strange, implausible. Ḥull. 115ᵇ; 117ᵃ; Kidd. 9ᵇ כעורה זו ששנה וכ׳ is what R. … taught to be rejected?—Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. II, 2 כ׳ מזו טימא וכ׳ something more strange than this (or more inappropriate to be used as a seat) did R. … declare unclean. Pi. כִּיעֵרto make or declare repulsive.—Part. pass. מְכוֹעָר, f. מְכוֹעֶרֶת; pl. מְכוֹעָרִין, מְכוֹעָרוֹת = כָּעוּר &c. Keth. 105ᵃ מ׳ הדיין וכ׳ contemptible is the judge who receives fees for giving judgment. Yeb. 24ᵇ, sq., v. supra. Yoma 86ᵃ כמה מכ׳ דרכיו how mean are his ways!; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְכָּעַרto appear ugly, become ungainly. Gen. R. s. 17 הִתְכָּעַרְתִּי בעיניו I appeared repulsive to him. Gen. R. s. 45 מִתְכָּעֶרֶת ומתעזבת she becomes ungainly and is neglected. Cant. R. to II, 14 מתכ׳ ומתועבת, v. תָּעַב. ↗ expanded
כְּעַר ; Pa. כַּעֵר, part. pass. מְכַעַר, f. מְכַעֲרָאrepulsive, ugly. Naḥ. III, 6 (h. text כראי).—Keth. 60ᵇ bot. בני מְכַעֲרֵי (not מכוערי) ugly children (differ. from אוכמי). ↗ expanded
כַּף c. (b. h.; [something arched, hollow,] palm of the hand, hand.—Du.כַּפַּיִם. Y. Ber. I, 3ᶜ bot., v. חָטַף. Naz. 46ᵇ, v. כָּנָף; a. fr.—נשא כ׳ to raise the hands, to pronounce the priestly benediction. Ber. V, 4 לא ישא את כַּפָּיו must not pronounce &c.; a. fr. sole of the foot. Du. as ab. Ḥull. 70ᵇ מהלכי כ׳ animals walking on soles (having no split hoofs, Lev. XI, 27).—Trnsf. glove; sole of the shoe. Kel. XXVI, 3 כף לוקטי(ם) קוצים (R. S. כפלוקטי) the thorn-pickers’ glove. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. IV, 5 רוב כף אחת, the larger portion of one sole; כל כף אחת the whole of &c. the crest (fleshy elevation) over the genitals. Tosef. Nidd. VI, 4, sq. עד שתפשט את הכף (Var. משתתפשט) when the crest (of the girl) begins to flatten; Y. Yeb. I, 2ᵈ bot. עד שתתפשט הכף; Y. Snh. VIII, beg. 26ᵃ משתתפשט הכ׳ (of a male); Nidd. 47ᵃ, sq. נתמעך הכ׳ the crest grows lower. Ib. 52ᵇ אחת על הכ׳ one hair on the crest; a. e. pan, censer. Tam. V, 4 (containing the בָּזָךְ). Ib. VII, 2 כף וכסויה the censer and its lid; a. fr.—Pl. כַּפּוֹת. Num. R. s. 14; a. e. spoon, mason’s trowel &c. Kel. XIII, 2; 4; a. fr. Sabb. VIII, 5 כ׳ סיד, expl. ib. 80ᵇ כ׳ של סיידין the plasterers’ trowel.—Pl. כַּפִּים, כַּפִּין. Midd. III, 4 כפין של ברזל Ar. (ed. כפיס, Var. כפים) iron trowels. (with, or without מאזנים) scale of the balance. Ab. II, 8. Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 167ᵃ כ׳ עוונות וכ׳ the scale of sins on the one side, and that of merits on the other; והקב"ה מטה לכ׳ זכות and the Lord bends (the balance) towards the scale of merits. Ab. I, 6, v. זְכוּת; a. fr.—Du. כַּפַּיִים, כַּפַּיִין. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. II, 5 (ed. Zuck. כיפין, read: כפיין). shore, banks (v. כֵּיפָא). Num. R. s. 13, v. חָף.—Pl. כַּפִּים, constr. כַּפֵּי. Lam. R. introd. (R. Ḥăn. 3) (transl. גיא המלח, II Chr. XXV, 11) כ׳ המלח the salt shores. ↗ expanded
כַּף ²palm, hand. Targ. Y. Gen. III, 19.—Pl. כַּפַּיָּא. Targ. Ps. XCVIII, 8 (v., however, Num. R. s. 13, s. v. חָף). border, shore, v. כֵּיפָא. bundle, sheaf. Snh. 26ᵇ bot. חד גנב כ׳ Ar. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6, Var. in Ar. הזמת כ׳, v. הזמת; ed. קבא דשערי) one stole a sheaf.—Pl. (כֵּיפֵי) כַּפִּין. Y. Sabb. III, 5ᵈ bot. מיתן תלתא כ׳ וכ׳ to bring three bunches (of twigs) and put dishes upon them. Gitt. 86ᵇ דביני כיפי, v. דִּידְבָא. Pes. 40ᵃ, v. הֲפַךְ. Ned. 48ᵇ top כי׳ דכיתנא flax bunches, v. שְׁמַט; a. e.—Ib. bot. דשדיא בכיפי, v. כְּפֵילָא. top branch of palm trees (v. כִּיפָּה).—Pl. כַּפֵּי. Succ. 32ᵃ ואימא תרתי כ׳ דתמרי perhaps kappoth (Lev. XXIII, 40) means two tops of palm trees? pan, spoon &c. Pes. 28ᵃ, v. חֲטַט I. Sabb. 142ᵇ מנח כ׳ אכיפי (Ms. M. כיפא) placed a ladle on a pile of sheaves. Ḥull. 54ᵃ מאי כ׳ what kappa do yon mean?—כ׳ דידא pan of the fore foot (shoulder), כ׳ דמוחאscullshoulder(also of human beings). B. Bath. 96ᵇ top אכ׳ Ms. M. a. Ar. (ed. אכתפא); Sot. 34ᵃ bot. בכ׳ Ar. (ed. לכתפיה); Taan. 23ᵇ אחד כַּפֵּיה Ar. (ed. כתפיה), v. כַּתְּפָא.—Sot. 6ᵇ … אטו בכַפָּהּ תלי לה Ar. (ed. בכיפה) do the young priests (that guard the woman) suspend her by her shoulder (Rashi: by her cap), i.e. can they watch all her movements? ↗ expanded
כַּפָּא 2 (Κάππα) the Greek letter Kappa, as a numeral (κʹ) twenty. Lam. R. to I, 1 (חד בר נש) רבתי, v. דּוֹקְיָיא. ↗ expanded
כִּפּוּרredemption, atonement; mostly pl. כִּפּוּרִים, כִּי׳. Meïl. II, 1 מחוסר כ׳ one wanting the ceremony of atonement for full restoration to cleanness; a. fr.—יוֹם כִּפּוּר, mostly יום הַכִּפּוּרִים (abbr. יוה"כ, יה"כ, י"ה) Day of Atonement, the tenth day of Tishri. Yoma 85ᵇ יום כפור ed. (Ms. M. יום הכפורים). Y. Shebu. I, 32ᵈ bot. י"ה a. יום הכפו׳. Zeb. V, 1. Yoma I, 1. Ib. 4 ערב יוה"כ on the eve of the Day of Atonement (the ninth of Tishri). Ib. VIII, 9 אחטא … אין יה"כ מכפר if one says, I will sin, and repent, the Day of At. will bring him no atonement. Y. ib. VII, 45ᵇ bot., v. אֶפֶשׁ; a fr.—Sifré Num. 24 ומה כפורים וכ׳ (= יה"כ) the institution of the Day of Atonement being a strict one &c.—יה"כ Yom hak-Kippurim, name of a treatise of the Tosefta, v. יוֹמָא. ↗ expanded
כִּפּוּר ² Targ. Hos. III, 2.—Targ. Y. II, Lev. XXIII, 29 יום צום כִּפּוּרֵיה.—Pl. כִּפּוּרַיָּא, כִּפּוּרֵי, כִּי׳.—Targ. Ex. XXIX, 36; a. fr.—יומא דכפורא, י׳ דכפורי, י׳ דכפוריאDay of Atonement. Targ. Lev. XXIII, 27; a. fr.—Yoma 20ᵃ; a. fr.—Keth. 67ᵇ מעלי יומא דכ׳ = ערב יה"כ, v. preced.↗ expanded
כַּפּוֹרֵי (v. כִּפּוּרָא) atonement; בית כ׳the place of atonement, v. next w.—Targ. Lev. XVI, 2 (some ed. O. כַּפּוּרְתָּא). Targ. I Chr. XXVIII, 11 (h. text בית הכפרת). Targ. I Kings VI, 5 (h. text דביר); a. e. ↗ expanded
כַּפּוֹרֶת v. preced.) [cover; in symbolical language place of atonement,] cover of the Holy Ark. Sifra Vayikra, N’dabah, Par. 1, ch. II. Men. 27ᵇ אל פני הכ׳ up to the very front of the kapporeth, contrad. to מבית לפ׳ the room occupied by the k., Holy of Holies. Ib. מקדש שני דלא הוו ארון וכ׳ during the Second Temple when ark and cover no longer existed. Yoma 55ᵃ; a. e. (= בית הכ׳) the innermost of the Temple, the Holy of Holies(מקדש הקדש). Shek. VI, 5; Tosef. ib. III, 1 זהב לַכַּ׳ (inscription on one of the offering boxes) ‘Gold for the k.,’ expl. ib. 6 עושין … ציפוי לבית קה"ק of these offerings were made gold foils for the inside of the Holy of Holies. Tosef. Tem. IV, 8 אין … אפי׳ לאחורי בית הכ׳ we dare not use it for gold foils even for the back wall of &c.; [Ar.: כְּפוֹרֶתplating for the Temple roof; comment. כְּפֹ׳ (collect. noun) vessels, v. כְּפוֹר II.] ↗ expanded
כָּפוּת part. pass. of כָּפַת. bandage.—Pl. כְּפוּתִים. Pesik. R. s. 31 כְּפוּתֵינוּ חזקים וכ׳ our bandages were as strong as iron.—[כְּפוּתִין, Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. VII, 7, v. קָבוּת.] ↗ expanded
כַּפּוּתָא (כְּפַף, cmp. כֵּיפָא I, כְּבוּיָא) ball, excrement. B. Bath. 73ᵇ אפיק כ׳ וכ׳ Ar. (ed. רמא כופתא, Ms. H. רמא כפו׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 2; Rashi to Snh. 98ᵇ רמי כופיתא) it cast a ball of excrement with which it obstructed the Jordan; Zeb. 113ᵇ כַּבָּא (Ms. M. קלא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). Sabb. 110ᵇ.—[Snh. 98ᵇ, v. כֵּיפְתָא; Rashi: excrement.—Ib. 110ᵃ כי כופתא ed., Ms. M. כפותא, Ar. מלפפונא]. ↗ expanded
כפי v. כָּפַף) to bend over, invert, turn upside down. Tam. V, 5 היה כּוֹפֶה עליהן וכ׳ he inverts a large vessel and puts it over them (the coals). Ib. כּוֹפִין אותה וכ׳ they invert it over &c. Pesik. Ekhah, p. 123ᵃ כ׳ סיח את המנורה the ass (of gold, given as a bribe to the judge) has upset the lamp (offered on the other side; whence a proverbial expression for litigants outbidding each other in bribery); Y. Yoma I, 38ᶜ bot.; Lev. R. s. 21; Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 177ᵃ.—Esp. כ׳ את המיטהto upset the couch, to place the mattresses on or near the floor, as a sign of mourning, opp. to זָקַף. M. Kat. 15ᵇ top [euphemistic version, read with Ms. M.:] דמות … בכם ובעונותיכם … כְּפוּ מיטותיכן וכ׳ I (the Lord) had placed my image among you, and for your sins I upset it (decreed death), upset now your beds; Y. Ber. III, 6ᵃ top; Y. M. Kat. III, 83ᵃ top כְּפֵה מיטתך. Ib. כבר כְּפִינוּם we have already lowered them (the couches); Y. Ber. III, 5ᵈ bot. כפיטם (corr. acc.). Keth. 4ᵇ כּוֹפֶה מיטתו he lowers his couch (when his wife is in mourning); כּוֹפָה מיטתה she lowers &c. (when her husband is in mourning); a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּפוּי, f. כְּפוּיָה, pl. כְּפוּיִים, כְּפוּיוֹת. Tosef. Ohol. XII, 2 סאה כ׳ על פיה a dry measure turned upside down. Lam. R. introd. (R. Ḥăn. 3) (play on כפי המלח, v. כַּף) כְּפוּיֵי מלחמה those upset by war. Y. Ber. III, 6ᵃ top מטה כ׳ a lowered couch; a. fr.—Esp. כְּפוּי טובהone on whom kindness is upset, ungrateful, unappreciative. Ab. Zar. 5ᵃ כפויי טובה בני וכ׳ you ungrateful ones, sons of ungrateful ones. Lev. R. s. 4; a. fr. to press, force. Keth. V, 5 כּוֹפָהּ לעשות וכ׳ he may compel her to work in wool. Yeb. 106ᵃ, a. fr. כּוֹפִין אותו עד וכ׳ the court uses means of coercion, until he says ‘I will’, opp. to בעל כרחו. Sot. 46ᵇ כ׳ ללויה we force a host to escort (protect) his guest on parting. B. Bath. 12ᵇ כגון זו כ׳ על מדת סדום in such a case we apply force on the ground of the law of equity (v. סְדוֹם). Y. Peah I, 15ᵈ; Y. Kidd. I, 61ᶜ top וכוֹפִין do we compel (a son to support his father)? Ib. כופין את הבן we do compel &c.—R. Hash. 28ᵃ כְּפָאוֹ ואכל וכ׳ if somebody forced him, and he ate Matsah (on the first Passover night). Ib. כ׳ שד a demon possessed him. Ib. כְּפָאוּהוּ פרסיים Persians (gentiles) forced him; a. fr.—[Snh. 70ᵇ כפאתו, v. כָּפַת.]—V. כּוּף I a. כָּפַף. Nif. נִכְפָּהto be inverted, upset; to be forced. Y. M. Kat. l. c. ויִכָּפֶה הסרסור let the agent (of sin, the evil inclination) be overpowered (by mourning ceremonies); Y. Ber. l. c. ויכ׳ כפה (corr. acc.). Ib. 5ᵈ bot.; Y. M. Kat. l. c. אינה נִכְפֵּית need not be upturned, v. דַּרְגֵּשׁ; a. fr. to be overtaken by a demon, esp. to be epileptic. Lev. R. s. 26 ישראל … שנִכְפּוּ an Israelite and a priest that were afflicted &c.—Pes. 112ᵇ אותו תינוק נִכְפֶּה that child will become epileptic. Ib. בנים נִכְפִּין epileptic children; Keth. 60ᵇ (Chald. form) בני נִכְפֵּי. Tosef. B. Bath. IV, 5 נִכְפֵּית היא she is subject to epileptic attacks; B. Mets. 80ᵃ. Yeb. 64ᵇ משפחת נִכְפִּין a family subject to epilepsy. ↗ expanded
כְּפִיto bend, upturn, invert. Gitt. 68ᵇ top כפא לקומתיה מיניה he bent his body away from it (the wall of the hut). Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵈ bot. וכְפוּנוּן על רישיהון and they inverted the pots and put them over their heads; a. e. to force. Targ. Esth. I, 22.—Y. Gitt. I, 43ᵇ כָּפוּנֵיה ויהב לה חורן the court compelled him to give her another letter of divorce. Snh. 107ᵃ, v. כּוּף I ch. B. Bath. 8ᵇ רבא כַּפְיֵיה וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. אַכְפִּיהAf.) Raba forced R. N. Kidd. 45ᵇ כַּפְתֵיה עד וכ׳ she forced him, until &c. Af. אַכְפֵּיsame. B. Bath. 4ᵃ, v. כּוּף I ch. Ber. 56ᵃ ואַכְפָּה לך וכ׳ (Beth Nathan ואַכְפַּת) and she shall finally make thee yield, and thou shalt give them (thy daughters) away to her relatives; a. e. Ithpe. אִיתְכְּפִיto be upset. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᶜ top איתְכְּפוּן, v. אַנְדְּרָטָא. ↗ expanded
כְּפִיָיה (כָּפָה) inverting, כְּפִיַית המטה the lowering of the couch in mourning. M. Kat. 15ᵃ bot. אבל חייב בכ׳ המ׳ a mourner is bound to have his couch lowered. Tosef. ib. II, 9 מי שקיים כ׳ המ׳ וכ׳ he who has been observing the lowering of the couch for three days &c., needs not invert it &c. Y. ib. III, 83ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּפֵילָא = h. כֶּפֶל. B. Kam. 65ᵇ כ׳ ד׳ וחומשא זוזא the thief’s fine amounts to four Zuz and the one-fifth-fine (v. חוּמְשָׁא) to one Zuz; a. e. twofold condition. Ned. 48ᵇ לאתויי מילתא דשדיא בכ׳ Ar. (marg. vers. כפילה) to include that case (mentioned before) which was decided on the basis of a twofold eventuality (either the son or the grandson becoming a scholar); [ed. הא … דשדיא בכיפי that case which came up in consequence of the son’s roaming about (stealing) sheaves of flax]. ↗ expanded
כְּפֵילָה (preced. wds.) the double share of the first-born. Y. B. Bath. VIII, 16ᵇ top, opp. פשוטה the single share. Ib. כְּפֵילַת אביו the double share to which his (deceased) father would have been entitled. folding door.—Pl. כְּפֵילוֹת, כְּפֵל׳. Lev. R. s. 16 כפו׳ (corr. acc.); Yalk. Lev. 557, v. כָּפַל. twofold condition, v. preced.↗ expanded
כָּפֵילְתָּא (preced.), מערת כ׳the double cave, Makhpelah. Targ. Gen. XXIII, 19; a. fr. [Var. כַּפֵּי׳, כָּפֶי׳, כַּפֵי׳.] ↗ expanded
כָּפִין (כְּפַן) hungry, starving. Targ. Ps. CVII, 9; a. e.—V. כְּפַן I.—Meg. 7ᵇ (prov.) כ׳ עניא ולא ידע the poor man is hungry and knows it not (until food is placed before him). Koh. R. to V, 12 ‘an evil disease’ מסכן ותשיש ערטיל וכ׳ one poor and feeble (unable to work), naked (unfit to go out) and hungry (v. דגלוס).—Ber. 58ᵇ; a. fr.—Pl. כְּפִינִין, כְּפִינֵי. Targ. Job V, 5. Targ. Ps. CVII, 5. Ib. 36 כפינין Ms. (ed. Lag. כפינים, oth. כָּפְנִים!) ↗ expanded
כְּפֵינֵי constr. (preced.) want, need, desire. Targ. Y. Gen. XLII, 19; 33 (h. text רעבון). ↗ expanded
כָּפִיס v. כְּפַס) girder, bond-lath. [Midd. III, 4 כ׳ של ברזל, read כפים, v. כַּף.—Y. Bets. III, 62ᵃ top שבכ׳, read: שבכִּפִּים, v. שֵׁיץ.]—Pl. כְּפִיסִים, כְּפִיסִין. B. Bath. I, 1, v. אָרִיחָא. B. Mets. 117ᵇ תחתון שבא לשנות … בכ׳ when the owner of the lower story desires to make an alteration … in the girders. Tosef. Erub. XI (VIII), 2 כפיס׳ (Ar. כפיתים). Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. II, 3 שני כ׳ R. S. to Kel. XXII, 9 (ed. כתיפין, כתפין, corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כְּפִיפָה (כָּפַף) bending, being bent. Y. Ber. I, 3ᵈ top לך כ׳ unto thee is bending due. Ib. תזקפנו מכְּפִיפָתֵינוּ erect us from our humiliation. Snh. 65ᵃ כְּפִיפַת קומתו bending one’s body (before the idol). Sabb. 104ᵃ (ref. to the shape of certain letters, v. כָּפַף) הוסיף … כ׳ על כְּפִיפָתוֹ the Lord has given thee repeated admonitions to humility, v. מָנוֹד. (v. קְפִיפָה; cmp. Assyr. kuppu, Schr. KAT2, p. 582) cage, prison. Keth. 72ᵃ, a. fr. אין אדם דר עם נחש בכ׳ nobody can be expected to dwell in a cage with a serpent, i.e. no man or woman can be compelled to live with an obnoxious consort. Tosef. Dem. III, 9; Y. ib. II, 22ᵈ bot. [muzzle, in gen.] a basket of osier, v. זְמָמָא. Kel. XXVI, 1 כ׳ מצרית a basket made of palm twigs; Sot. II, 1; a. fr.—Y. Yoma VIII, end, 45ᶜ אין … מתוך כ׳ וכ׳ an ass brays only when a basket of carobs is before him, i.e. living in plenty makes haughty, cmp. Ber. 32ᵃ.—Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. V, 8 Var., v. כְּפִישָׁה; a. fr.—Pl. כְּפִיפוֹת. Ter. IX, 3 תולה כ׳ וכ׳ we may muzzle beasts by hanging baskets with fodder &c.; Y. ib. IX, 46ᵈ top תולה כ׳ … בדישו you may hang a basket over the neck of a beast in threshing. ↗ expanded
כְּפִירָה (כָּפַר) denial. B. Mets. 4ᵃ טענה וכ׳ claim and denial. Shebu. 39ᵇ כְּפִירַת טענה, v. טַעֲנָה. B. Mets. 36ᵃ כ׳ ממון, v. בִּיטּוּי. Ib. 4ᵇ, a. e. כ׳ שעבוד קרקעות a disputed hypothecary obligation; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּפִישָׁה (כָּפַשׁ) an inverted vessel, usu. a vessel divided into two compartments by the bottom between. T’bul Yom IV, 2 בכ׳ מצרית או וכ׳ on an inverted basket of twigs or on a tray (which have no distinct receptacles, בית קבול); Tosef. ib. II, 14; Nidd. 7ᵃ; Tosef. Dem. III, 1 לפי כפישא ed. Zuck. (Var. לתיך) on the rim of an inverted vessel; Gitt. 62ᵃ בכפישא או באנחותא. Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. V, 8 עשויה ככ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. בכפיפה, read ככ׳) formed like a k’fisha, i.e. resting on the projecting sides, not on pegs. Ohol. V, 6 וכ׳ נתונה עליה and an inverted vessel put on it as a tight lid. Ib. 7 כ׳ שהיא … שבתוך הכ׳ וכ׳ if a k’fisha is put on pegs … with an unclean object beneath, the things which lie in the (upper compartment of the) k. are clean. Ib. XI, 8 וכ׳ נתונה … וכ׳ עומדת an inverted vessel is so put over it, that it would remain in position if you removed &c. Ib. 9 בין שפתי הכ׳ לבין וכ׳ between the sides (the hollow space) of the inverted vessel over the cistern and the sides of the cistern; a. fr.—Y. Shebi. VIII, 38ᵃ זה שהוא מודד בכ׳ וכ׳ one who measures fruits in a k. whose capacities he has found out by using it twice or three times.—Trnsf. מדד בכ׳to deal unfairly. Y. Yeb. XIII, 13ᶜ, v. כָּפַשׁ. Tanḥ. Thazr. 6 Var.; ed. Bub. 8 אין הקב"ה מודד בכ׳ (not בנפישה) the Lord has not two measures for man. (colloquial expression) כְּפִי׳ or כְּפוּשָׁהan ungainly woman. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXIV [read as] Yalk. Job 917 אבוד הבחור הזה על הכ׳ הזו this fine young man has thrown himself away on this &c. [Midr. Till. l. c. באפריון ככ׳ הזאת, ed. Bub. דכ׳, strike out ככ׳ הזאת or דכ׳, v. Yalk. l. c.] ↗ expanded
כָּפַלto bend over, fold, double. Ber. 63ᵃ כּוֹפְלִין לו וכ׳ his means of support will be doubled to him. Gen. R. s. 95, end כל מי שכ׳ שמו וכ׳ every one whose name the Scripture mentions twice in the blessings of Moses; (B. Kam. 92ᵃ אותן שהוּכְפְּלוּ בשמות). Succ. III, 11 … מקום לִכְפּוֹל יִכְפּוֹל where it is customary to recite twice (each verse of Ps. CXVIII, 21—29), let one do so. Tosef. Pes. X, 9 רבי היה כּוֹפֵל בה דברים Rabbi used to repeat certain words (in singing the Hallel); Pes. 119ᵇ; Succ. 39ᵃ מוסיף לכפול מאודך וכ׳ adds (to Rabbi’s repetitions) by doubling the verses from Od’kha (Ps. l. c.). Sifra Vayikra, N’dabah, Par. 10, ch. XII; Men. VI, 4 (75ᵇ) כופל אחד וכ׳ (Bab. ed. קופל) he folds it twice over and breaks it (into four parts). Ned. 61ᵇ יכפלו, v. קָפַל. Gitt. 62ᵃ כּוֹפְלִין שלום וכ׳ we must double the greeting (say twice shalom) &c. B. Mets. 104ᵇ לכפול וכ׳ where it is costumary to write out the K’thubah for double the amount of the dowry, half the amount is collected; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּפוּל, f. כְּפוּלָה; pl. כְּפוּלִים, כְּפוּלִין; כְּפוּלוֹת. Kel. XXVII, 5 נמדד כ׳ is measured as it is doubled (folded). Ib. 6.—Ohol. XI, 3 כ׳ Var. in R. S. a. l. (ed. ק׳) folded up one above the other. Ned. 66ᵇ כ׳ הן her ears are bent over (deformed).—Treat. Sof’rim II, 11 אותיות הכ׳ letters which have two forms (מנצפך); a. fr.—תנאי כ׳, v. תְּנַאי. Nif. נִכְפַּלto be doubled. Y. Kil. IX, 32ᶜ top נִכְפְּלוּ לו שניו his years of life were doubled to him. Gen. R. s. 30, beg.; Tanḥ. Sh’moth 18, a. e. כל מי שנ׳ שמו every one whose name appears twice in immediate succession (as Noah Noah, Gen. VI, 9); a. fr. Hif. הִכְפִּילto double, fold up. Ned. 61ᵇ, sq., v. קָפַל. Hof. הוּכְפָּלto be doubled, bent. Ib., v. קָפַל. M. Kat. 25ᵇ (in a poetic eulogy) קאת … הוּכְפְּלוּ לראות וכ׳ pelican and owl were bent upon looking (took pains to see, cmp. next w. Ithp.).—B. Kam. 92ᵃ, v. supra.—Part. pass. מוּכְפָּל (Pu. מְכוּפָּל) doubly guarded, surrounded. Yalk. Lev. 557 מוכ׳ כמה כְפֵלוֹת; Lev. R. s. 16 מכו׳ בכמה כפולות (the tongue) is guarded by several folding doors (teeth, lips). Pi. כִּיפֵּלto fold. Sifra l. c.; Men. l. c. לא היה מְכַפְּלָהּ (Bab. ed. מק׳) he did not fold it (in four parts, v. supra). ↗ expanded
כְּפַל Part. pass. כָּפִילdouble. Targ. Cant. VIII, 7.—Gitt. 62ᵃ דכַפְלִינָן שלמא וכ׳, v. preced.Ithpe. אִתְכְּפֵיל, אִיכְּפִילto be folded up, doubled. Targ. Is. XXXVIII, 12 (ed. Lag. אתק׳). Targ. Ez. XXI, 19.—B. Mets. 104ᵇ אי מקנא לא מִיכְּפֵל if formal obligation is to be entered into (v. קִנְיָן), the document must not be made out for double the amount, v. preced.; a. fr. to be bent upon, take pains. Sabb. 5ᵃ איכ׳ תנא וכ׳ was it necessary for the Tannai to take pains to let us hear all this (to be so explicit)?—B. Mets. 46ᵃ וא׳ תנא וכ׳ should the Tannai have taken the trouble to speak of such an exceptional case as that of a naked man &c.?—B. Bath. 91ᵃ אִיכְּפֵל ואוליד וכ׳ apply thyself (Rashi: marry again), and beget &c. Shebu. 48ᵇ אִיכְפְּלִי ואתאי וכ׳ have I taken the trouble to come all this distance for the sake of upsetting &c.?; a. e.—[Y. Ter. VIII, 46ᵃ top אכפלן ed. Zyt., v. אֲפַךְ.] ↗ expanded
כֶּפֶלpreced. wds.) doubling, double amount, esp. (תשלומי) כ׳ the additional amount to be paid as fine on restoring stolen goods (Ex. XXII, 3; 6—8). Snh. I, 1. B. Kam. VII, 1; a. fr.—Ib. 65ᵃ עולה לו בכְפֵילוֹ (fr. כָּפֵל; Rashi: בתוך הכפל) is credited to him as the thief’s fine; Tosef. ib. VIII, 8 מתוך כפילו … is deducted from &c. Y. Sot. III, end, 19ᵇ; Kidd. 18ᵃ ולא בכפילו cannot be sold for the fine; a. fr.—Du. כִּפְלַיִם, כִּפְלַיִים. Succ. 51ᵇ; Tosef. ib. IV, 6 כ׳ כיוצאי מצרים twice as many as those who went out of Egypt; a. e.—Pl. כְּפָלִיםeven numbers. Pes. 110ᵃ השותה כ׳ Ms. M. he who drinks even numbers of cups, v. זוֹגָא.—כְּפֵלוֹת folding doors, v. כָּפַל. ↗ expanded
כַּפְלָא (or כִּ׳) m. (preced. wds.) curve, winding road. Targ. Is. XL, 4 (h. text עָקֹב). Ib. XLII, 16 (h. text מעקשים). (cmp. כֶּסֶל) groin, loin. Targ. Job XV, 27.—Ḥull. 93ᵃ חמשא … ביה בכ׳ (Ar. בהו בכַפְלֵי) there are five veins (of forbidden fat) in the loin.—Pl. כַּפְלֵי. Targ. Y. Lev. III, 4 (ed. pr. כָּ׳); a. e.—Targ. Ps. XXXVIII, 8, v. כִּסְלָא.—Ḥull. 8ᵇ. Ib. 93ᵃ; a. e. = h. כֶּפֶל, v. כְּפֵילָא↗ expanded
כפלון , Gen. R. s. 59 בא בכ׳ מפולש, read as Yalk. ib. 103 a. Ar. s. v. פלן: בפִילוֹן. ↗ expanded
*כִּפְלָיוֹת (κέφαλος) a species of mullet, a delicious fish (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Cephalus). Gen. R. s. 98 (expl. מעדני מלך, Gen. XLIX, 20), כ׳ ואנפקינון (not … טן) mullets and oil of unripe olives. Sifré Deut. 355 (ref. to Deut. XXXIII, 24) שהיה … בשמן אנפיקין ובקי׳ וכ׳ (corr. acc.) Asher made himself agreeable to his brother tribes by furnishing them oil … and mullets, while they supplied him with grain; Yalk. ib. 962 (comment.: fine fruits). ↗ expanded
כפליין , Y. Nidd. II, 50ᵃ bot. כפ׳ של ראש וכ׳, read: כפִילְיוֹן like the color of a felt cap &c.; v. אַפִּילְיוֹן III ↗ expanded
כָּפַןto bend; part. pass. כָּפוּןbent upon, eager for. Gen. R. s. 79, beg. (ref. to Job V, 22) זה לבן שבא כ׳ וכ׳ that refers to Laban who rushed with eagerness at his (Jacob’s) money to plunder it. ↗ expanded
כְּפַן 1sameto bend.—Part. pass. כָּפִין. Targ. Job XL, 17 (ed. Lag. כפיף, ed. Wil. כפף, Ms. כאיף; h. text יחפץ). to pine (for food), to starve. Targ. Ps. XXXIV, 11. Targ. Gen. XLI, 55; a. fr.—Ber. 62ᵇ (prov.) עד דכַפְנַת אכול eat while thou art hungry (delay nothing). Pes. 107ᵇ bot. כי היכי דאגיר׳ ואִכְפַן אמצה וכ׳ Ms. M. (read: דאיגרר, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; ed. דניגרריה לליביה) that I may get an appetite and be eager for the Matsah in the evening. B. Mets. 83ᵃ וכְפִינָן and we are hungry; a. fr.—[Esth. R. to I, 4 כַּפְנָאִי I am hungry (?).] Af. אַכְפֵּיןto cause to hunger. Targ. Deut. VIII, 3; a. e.—Sabb. 33ᵃ מַכְפֵּין נפשיה he starved himself (and grew sick in consequence). ↗ expanded
כְּפַן 2 (preced.) hunger, famine. Targ. Ruth I, 1. Targ. Gen. XII, 10; a. fr.—Sabb. 33ᵃ נפיחי כ׳ swelling (and lying) from starvation.—Taan. 19ᵇ top, v. בַּצּוֹרְתָא. Ib. 8ᵇ כ׳ ומותנא famine and pestilence; a. fr.—Pl. כַּפְנִין. Targ. Ruth. l. c.—V. כְּפֵינֵי. ↗ expanded
כָּפְנִית (כָּפַן, cmp. כּוּפְרָא III a. גפן) the inflorescence of palms, date-berry in its early stage.—Pl. כָּפְניּוֹת. Orl. I, 9. Tosef. Maas. Sh. I, 14 כ׳ הרי הן כפרי וכ׳ Kofniyoth are in every respect to be considered as fruits, except &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כָּפְנִיתָא , ch. same. Y. B. Kam. VI, 5ᵇ bot. גנב חדא כפוני (corr. acc.) stole one palm-flower (cmp. Bab. B. Kam. 59ᵇ s. v. כּוּפְרָא III).—Pl. כָּפְנִיָּיתָא, כּוּפְ׳. Bekh. 18ᵃ; B. Bath. 107ᵇ עד דאכלת כ׳ וכ׳ while thou wert yet eating date-berries in Babylonia, did we expound &c. Pes. 52ᵇ (identified with כופרי).—Y. Shebi. IX, end, 39ᵃ [read:] מייבלא כּוּפְנְיָין לאשקלון to export date-berries to A. (in the Sabbatical year). ↗ expanded
כְּפַס (cmp. כפת) to tie, fasten.—Part. pass. כָּפִיס, f. כְּפִיסָא, pl. כְּפִיסָן. Targ. Esth. I, 6. ↗ expanded
*כָּפַע (v. כָּפָה), Hif. הִכְפִּיעַ to upset, make havoc. Gen. R. s. 28 מַכְפִּיעַ Ar. (ed. מפקיע), v. חִיצָא. ↗ expanded
כְּפַעIthpe.אִתְכְּפַע, Targ. II Chr. XXXIII, 13, v. נְפַע. ↗ expanded
כָּפַף (b. h.) to bend, curve. Gen. R. s. 87, end כּוֹפֶפֶת אני את קומתך … כְּפוּפִים (Potiphar’s wife said to Joseph) I shall bend thy proud stature (humiliate thee with slave labor); said he, The Lord erects those who are bowed down. B. Kam. 55ᵇ הכּוֹפֵף … בפני וכ׳ he who bends his neighbor’s grain stalks before the fire (so as to make them catch fire). Num. R. s. 6, beg. נביא כופף ידיו וכ׳ the prophet must bend his hands and feet to sit before (surrender his power to) the high priest; (Y. Hor. III, 48ᵇ bot. מְכַפֵּת). Cant. R. beg. לָכוֹף אזניך וכ׳ to bend thy ear and listen; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּפוּף, f. כְּפוּפָה, pl. כְּפוּפִים, כְּפוּפִין; כְּפוּפוֹת. Sabb. 17ᵃ היה הלל כ׳ ויושב וכ׳ Hillel sat bent (in submission) before Shammai. Gen. R. l. c., v. supra. R. Hash. III, 4 בשל זכרים כ׳ with bent horns of rams. Yalk. Ex. 276 דווים וכ׳ suffering and humbled (v. סָגַף, סָחַף); a. fr.—Esp. the curved lettersכ, נ, פ, צ, opp. פשוט the straight-lined, the shape of the final letters. Sabb. 104ᵃ (symbolization of letters) נו"ן כ׳ … נׄאמן כ׳ וכ׳Nun bent, Nun straightened, faithful when bent (in distress), faithful when straightened (raised up) &c. Ib. 103ᵇ כ׳ פשוטין וכ׳ that one must not write the curved letters straightened &c. to bend, force, conquer. Y. Snh. I, 18ᵃ bot. מומחה שכ׳ ודן an authorized judge that forced (the law requiring three judges) and judged singly. Y. Yeb. XII, 12ᶜ ר׳ יצחק כ׳ R. J. forced (the law requiring three judges for ḥălitsah); ib. הא רבן כ׳ it was our teacher who did it. Keth. 4ᵇ אין לָכוֹף וכ׳ … no husband dares force his wife (in mourning) to paint &c. Num. R. s. 14 (play on כף) זה אברהם שכַּף את יצרו וכ׳ (some ed. שכפף) that refers to Abraham who conquered his inclinations &c. to invert, upset. Y. Ber. III, 6ᵃ top גרמתני לכוֹפְפָהּ thou didst cause me to upset it (the divine image), v. כָּפָה; (M. Kat. 15ᵇ ובעונותיכם הפכתיה). Y. l. c. מטות כְּפוּפוֹת = כְּפוּיוֹת, v. כָּפָה; a. fr.—[Num. R. s. 10 כפפתו אימו, read כפתתו, v. כָּפַת.—Sabb. 106ᵃ הסיט כפוף Ar., ed. כָּפוּל, v. סיט.] to bend one’s self upon, to take pains (cmp. כְּפַל). Cant. R. to I, 17 כפפתי לעקור וכ׳ I took pains to destroy the passion for idolatry. Nif. נִכְפַּףto be bent. Pesik. R. s. 28 [read:] עד שנִכְפְּפָה קומתם וכ׳ so that their statures were bent under their load. Arakh. 19ᵃ שרביט שאינו נכפף a staff (of gold or silver) which cannot be bent. Num. R. s. 5, end נִכְפְּפָה היריעה וכ׳ the curtain around the Ark was bent aside (prob. to be read נכפלה). B. Kam. 61ᵃ בנִכְפֶּפֶת when the fire is diverted from its course through the wind; (oth. opin.: when the fire is subdued (low) and creeping over the plants on the ground), opp. קולחת or קודחת. Cant. R. to I, 17. Pesik. R. s. 14 שתי השערות נִכְפָּפוֹת (not … פים) the two hairs (on the neck) are bent, opp. נזקפות; a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּפַף , ch. same, to bend. Targ. Job XL, 17, v. כְּפַן I. Targ. Ez. XVII, 7 כָּפַת (h. text כפנה, v. כָּפַן). Targ. II Esth. I, 5 כַּף אילנא וכ׳ bent tree to tree and made arches. Targ. Is. LVIII, 5; a. e.—Part. pass. כָּפִיף, f. כְּפִיפָא, pl. כְּפִיפִין. Ib.—Targ. II Esth. V, 1. Targ. Is. LX, 14. to invert. M. Kat. 25ᵃ כף כדא וכ׳ inverted a pitcher on the ground and placed thereon &c. Pa. כַּפֵּףsame. Targ. Ezek. XVII, 6. Ib. 7 כַּפַּת some ed., v. supra. ↗ expanded
כָּפַרto bend, arch over, cover; v. כְּפוֹר, כּוֹפֶר &c. [to pass over with one’s palm &c., to wipe out, rub (cmp. חפף),] to deny, withhold the truth by claiming ignorance; to ignore (mostly with ב of the object). B. Mets. 4ᵃ הכּוֹפֵר במלוה he who denied having received a loan (and was refuted before being sworn, v. הֶיסֵּת). Ib. על מה שכ׳ וכ׳ he is sworn on what he denied. Shebu. IV, 1 עד שיִכְפְּרוּ בהן בב"ד until they declare their ignorance (of the testimony) before court. Ib. 4 כָּפְרוּ שניהן וכ׳ if both witnesses pleaded ignorance at the same time. Ib. כָּפְרָה הראשונה if the first set of witnesses pleaded ignorance. Ib. VI, 3 והודה … וכ׳ בקרקעות and defendant admits the debt concerning vessels, but denies it as to landed estate. Sabb. 116ᵃ מכירין וכוֹפְרִין they know (true religion) and yet are disbelievers. Cant. R. to I, 14 (play on הכפר, ib.) שכ׳ באו"ה He disowned the gentiles (did not assist them), opp. הודה; a. v. fr.—כ׳ בעיקר to deny the principle of religion (unity of God &c.). B. Bath. 16ᵇ; a. fr.—Snh. 39ᵃ א"ל כּוֹפֵר ed. (Ms. M. קיסר) an infidel said &c. Hif. הִכְפִּיר (v. כַּפָּרָה) to say of a person, ‘May his death be an atonement for his sins!’ euphem. for to be angry at. Pes. 69ᵃ אל תַּכְפִּירֵנִי בשעת הדין ed. (Ms. M. a. Ar. תְּכַפְּרֵנִי) do not make me an atonement (saying תהא מיתתו כפרה) at the time of judgment (differ. in comm.); Ab. Zar. 46ᵇ (some eds. תכפריני). Pi. כִּיפַּר, כִּפֵּר [to wipe out,] to forgive, atone; to procure forgiveness. Yoma 5ᵃ כאילו לא כ׳ וכפר as if he (the priest) had not procured atonement (in the proper manner), although he has procured atonement (for the person concerned); Neg. XIV, 10 כ׳ ומעלין עליו כאילו לא כ׳ he has brought atonement, but it is accounted to the officiating priest as if he had not done so. Ber. 55ᵃ … כל זמן מזבח מְכַפֵּר על וכ׳ as long as the Temple existed, the altar was the means of atonement for Israel, but now each man’s table must be the means of atonement (ref. to Ez. XLI, 22). Tanḥ. Vayishl. 6 כשם … מְכַפֶּרֶת וכ׳ as the altar brings atonement, so does she (the chaste wife) atone for her household. Kidd. 57ᵃ, a. e. מכשיר ומכפר, v. כָּשֵׁר I; a. v. fr.—[Ab. Zar. 46ᵇ, v. supra]. Hithpa. הִתְכַּפֵּר,Nithpa. נִתְכַּפֵּרto be expiated; to be forgiven. R. Hash. 18ᵃ; Yeb. 105ᵃ (ref. to I Sam. III, 14) בזבח … מִתְכַּפֵּר וכ׳ through sacrifice … it will not be expiated, but it may be so by the study of the Law. Shebu. 12ᵃ אשם … שנִתְכַּפְּרוּ בעליו an animal dedicated for a guilt-offering … whose owner has otherwise obtained atonement; (Tem. III, 3 שכִּפְּרוּ וכ׳ whose owner has procured atonement &c.). Yoma 50ᵇ, a. e. המִתְכַּפֵּר he for whose atonement the animal is dedicated. Ib. 51ᵇ שאין הצבור מִתְכַּפְּרִין בו as the community is not to obtain forgiveness through it (the bullock); a. fr.—Y. Macc. II, 31ᵈ bot. יעשה … ויִתְכַּפֶּר לו let him repent and he shall be forgiven; Pesik. Shub. p. 158ᵇ; Yalk. Ez. 358; Yalk. Ps. 702. Tanḥ. T’rum. 8 נתכ׳ להם they were forgiven; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּפַר , to deny, renounce. Targ. Jer. II, 27. Targ. Y. Lev. V, 21, sq.; a. fr.—B. Kam. 107ᵃ בכוליה בעי דנִכְפְּרֵיה ed. (Ms. M. דנכפר ליה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) he would have liked to deny the whole of his indebtedness, והאי דלא כָפְרֵיה and the reason why he did not do so. Ib. 105ᵇ ממונא קא כ׳ ליה through his denial he withholds from him value. M. Kat. 18ᵇ כַּפְרַת בה Ms. M. thou growest a disbeliever through it (when thy prayer is not answered; ed. כ׳ בה׳ thou renouncest the Lord); a. fr. Pa. כַּפֵּרto wipe out, efface. Targ. Prov. XXX, 20.—B. Bath. 167ᵃ כ׳ ליה וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. מחקיה) he erased the horizontal lines of the Beth (v. כַּכָּא). Ḥull. 8ᵇ למִיכַפְּרֵיה with which to wipe the knife off. Yeb. 115ᵇ מיכַפַּר הוה כַפֵּר he would have obliterated the mark. Gitt. 56ᵃ ואתי לכַפּוּרֵי וכ׳ and wants to wipe his hands off on this man (me), i.e. desires to put the responsibility on me; a. e. to forgive, atone, procure forgiveness. Targ. Lev. XVI, 17; a. fr.—Zeb. 6ᵃ מקיבעא לא מְכַפְּרָא וכ׳ as a specially appointed offering it has no atoning effect, by implication it has; a. fr. Ithpe. אִתְכַּפֵּר, אִיכַּ׳to be wiped out, obliterated. Targ. II Esth. III, 8. to be forgiven, to be expiated. Ib. Targ. Deut. XXI, 8; a. fr.—Yoma 50ᵇ בקביעותא מִתְכַּפְּרֵי וכ׳ (Ms. M. 2 מִיכַּ׳) do they (the high priest’s kindred and fellow priests) obtain forgiveness by special appointment (so as to be considered fellow owners of the sacrifice) or by implication? Kerith. 24ᵃ מִיכַּפַּרְנָא באידך חבריה my atonement shall be effected through the other animal; a. e. ↗ expanded
כָּפָר כפר to be round, [circle,] village, country town. Meg. I, 3 פחות מכאן הרי זה כ׳ if a place has less (than ten persons of leisure), it is considered a country place, opp. עיר גדולה. Ḥag. 13ᵇ v. יְחֶזְקְאֵל. Eduy. II, 3; a. fr.—Pl. כְּפָרִים. Meg. I, 1, sq.; a. fr. [In compounds:… כְּפַר pr. n. pl., v. respective determinants.] ↗ expanded
*כַּפְרָא (כְּפַר) wipings, or covering, כ׳ דודי (read: דדודי) sediments of dye (or rust) of the kettles. B. Kam. 101ᵃ top (Rashi כּוּפְ׳), v. כַּלְכּוֹס. ↗ expanded
כַּפָּרָה (כָּפַר) atonement, expiation, expiatory service. Zeb. 8ᵃ שתהא כ׳ וכ׳ that the act of expiation (sprinkling) be performed with the understanding that the sacrifice is a sin-offering. Tosef. Yoma V (IV), 6, a. e. חלוקי כ׳, v. חָלַק.—Neg. II, 1 אני כַפָּרָתָן my life be an expiatory sacrifice for them (an expression of love); Esth. R. to I, 11 א"ר איבו [אני] כ׳ של ישראל. Kidd. 31ᵇ (one reporting an opinion of his deceased father must say) כך הריני כַפָּרַת משכבו … so said my lord my father, may I be an expiation for his rest. Yoma 40ᵇ כפרת דמים atonement through blood; כ׳ דברים atonement by confession; a. fr.—Pl. כַּפָּרוֹת. Zeb. 52ᵃ (expl. Lev. XVI, 20) שלמו כל הכ׳ with this are all the acts of expiation (of the Day of Atonement) finished. Y. Shebu. I, 33ᵃ מחלוקי כ׳ about the classes of atonements (v. חָלַק). Gen. R. s. 44 כל הכ׳ הראה לו he showed him all expiatory sacrifices; Lev. R. s. 3; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כַּפְרִיKafri in Babylonia. Kidd. 44ᵇ. Snh. 5ᵃ. B. Bath. 153ᵃ כופרי (Ms. M. בי כפרי׳). B. Mets. 73ᵃ (Ms. H. כופרי); v. Berl. Geogr. p. 37, sq. ↗ expanded
כַּפְרָן (כָּפַר) denier, liar. Shebu. 41ᵇ הוחזק כ׳ he is presumed to be a liar (and cannot be sworn). Ib. 42ᵃ; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כַּפְרָנָא , village.—Pl. כַּפְרָנַיָּא, כַּפְרָנִין, כּוּפְ׳. Targ. Num. XXXII, 41, sq. (h. text חוות).—Y. Ber. I, 2ᵃ, v. דַּקִּיק. Cant. R. to I, 5 (expl. בנות, Ez. XVI, 61) כופרנין country towns.—Targ. II Esth. IX, 19 כַּפְרוֹנַיָּא (Var. כּוּפְרְנָאִין). ↗ expanded
כַּפְרָנוּת (v. כַּפְרָן) an obligation decreed in court over the defendant’s denial. Y. Gitt. V, 46ᶜ bot. מלוה שנעשית בו כ׳ אינה נשמטת (strike out בו) a loan which has been passed in court over the debtor’s denial, does not fall under the law of prescription in the Sabbatical year; כ׳ שנעשית מלוה נשמטת a decreed obligation which has been converted into a loan (the defendant giving his note in settlement) is subject to prescription. Ib. [read:] מלוה שנעשית כ׳ גובה בעידית כ׳ וכ׳ a loan which has been passed &c. is collectible from the best class of landed property; a decreed obligation which has been converted into a loan is collectible from the middle class &c.; Y. Shebi. X, 39ᶜ כַּפְרָנִית; ib. מלוה שהיא נעשית מלוה (read: כ׳ שהיא וכ׳). ↗ expanded
כָּפַשׁ (cmp. כפף) toinvert. מִדָּה כְּפוּשָׁהan invertible measure, a measure containing two uneven compartments separated by the bottom; מדד במדה כ׳to deal unfairly, v. כְּפִישָׁה. Yeb. 107ᵇ פישון … במ׳ כ׳ מדד לפיכך וכ׳ Pishon … acted unfairly towards his wife, therefore the court dealt with him unfairly (against the rule).—כפושה (sub. אשה) an ungainly woman, v. כְּפִישָׁה. [Tosef. Ohol. VI, 3 היתה כפושה, read: כְּפִישָׁה, v. R. S. to Ohol. V, 7.] ↗ expanded
כָּפַת (cmp. preced.) to twist, tie. Tam. IV, 1 לא היו כוֹפְתִין וכ׳ they did not twist (tie together the four feet of) the lamb, opp. העקיד, v. עָקַד. Snh. 70ᵇ (ref. to Prov. XXXI, 1) שכְּפָתתּוֹ אמו וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שכפאתו) his mother tied him to a post; Num. R. s. 10 כפפתו (corr. acc.). Par. III, 9 כְּפָתוּהָ וכ׳ they tied her (the red heifer) with a rope &c. Gen. R. s. 56 כל מה … עוקד … כופת וכ׳ (some ed. כובש) as much as Abraham bound Isaac …, the Lord tied (held in check) the genii of the gentiles; Yalk. Gen. 101; Yalk. Nah. 561. Gen. R. l. c. כְּפָתֵנִי וכ׳ tie me well. Macc. III, 12 כופת שתי ידיו וכ׳ (some ed. כופה) one puts both his hands in stocks on the pole. Gitt. 14ᵇ אומרין כְּפוֹתוּ כּוֹפְתִין when they (the officers) say, put him in stocks, they put him &c. Succ. 32ᵃ (ref. to כפת, Lev. XXIII, 40) כָּפוּת אם היה פרוד יִכְפְּתֶנּוּ (Ms. M. omits כפות) it must be tied; if the branch is spread, one must tie it closely. Ib. כָּפוּת מכלל וכ׳ ‘tied’ implies that it is sometimes spread, while this (the stalk) is always tied (closely pressed together). Toh. VII, 5 אפי׳ כפות, v. יָבַל. Y. Gitt. I, end, 43ᵈ; Y. Kidd. III, 64ᵃ bot. ויוסי אחי כ׳ וכ׳ and (I saw) my brother J. in stocks and the lash passing over him. Midr. Till. to Ps. II, 3 (ref. to ‘their bands’, ib.) אלו שבע מצות שהן כְּפוּתִין בהן (not כתופין כתיפ׳, v. ed. Bub. note) those are the seven (Noachidic) laws by which they (the gentiles) are tied (restrained); a. e. Pi. כִּיפֵּתsame. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. II, 1. Y. Hor. III, 48ᵇ bot. מְכַפֵּת, v. כָּפַף.—Part. pass. מְכוּפָּת, pl. מְכוּפָּתִין. Esth. R. to I, 6, v. כְּפָתָא. Nif. נִכְפָּתto be tied. Cant. R. to. I, 14. ↗ expanded
כְּפַת Targ. Y. Gen. XXII, 9. Targ. Ps. CXVIII, 27; a. e.—Part. pass. pl. כְּפוּתִין (hebr.) put in stocks. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXI, 29.—Tam. 31ᵇ דכַפְתֵיה בשיראי if one tied the sacrifice (hands and feet) with silk ropes. B. Bath. 167ᵃ כפתיה ואודי he put him in stocks (or in prison), and he confessed. Gitt. 14ᵃ דכַפְתֵי ושקלי וכ׳ who use force (have him arrested) and collect their due immediately (allowing no time). Y. Gitt. I, end, 43ᵈ; Y. Kidd. III, 64ᵃ כַּפְתוּן ואפקון מיניה they put him in stocks and forced him to pay; a. e.—[Gitt. 62ᵃ מִכְפַּת וכ׳, v. אִכְפַּת.] Pa. כַּפֵּיתsame. Targ. Cant. VII, 5.—Y. Kil. IX, end, 32ᵈ דהוא מְכַפֵּת ביה he (the weaver) uses it for tying (or knotting, v. infra). (v. P. Sm. 1803) to produce knots, to mature fruits. Targ. O. Num. XVII, 23 ed. Berl. (Var. כָּפֵית, כְּפֵית; h. text גמל); cmp כַּפְתּוֹר. ↗ expanded
כְּפָתָא (כְּפַת) tie, knot.—Pl. כְּפָתַיָּא, כְּפָתִין. Gen. R. s. 56; Yalk. Gen. 101; Yalk. Nah. 561 אילין כ׳ those bonds (with which the genii of the nations were tied, v. כָּפַת).—Esth. R. to I, 6 (in Hebr. dict.) היו מכופתין בכְפָאתִין של כסף the couches were tied with silver straps. ↗ expanded
כְּפָתָה (v. preced.) travelling implements tied up, bundle.—Pl. כְּפָתוֹת. Gen. R. s. 100 קשרי כְּפָתוֹתֵיהֶן התירו (some ed. קשרות) they (the Canaanites) untied the knots of their (the pall-bearers’) bundles (assisted them in their preparations for camping); Yalk. Gen. 161 בתרי כתפותיהם; Y. Sot. I, 17ᵇ bot. קשרי כתפיהן (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כַּפְתּוֹר with format. ר; v. כְּפַת Pa. 2, a. preced. wds.) ball, esp. an ornament of the candlestick in the shape of apomegranate. Gen. R. s. 91 end כ׳ ופרח pomegranate and blossom!, i.e. well and nicely said!—Men. 28ᵇ.—Pl. כַּפְתּוֹרִים, כַּפְתּוֹרִין. Ib. ↗ expanded
כַּפְתּוֹרִים gent. Kaftoreans. Gen. R. s. 37; Yalk. ib. 62; Yalk. Chr. 1074 כ׳ ננסין Kaft. were dwarfs. ↗ expanded
כַּר , v. כָּרָה) bolster, mattress. Mikv. X, 2. Kel. XXVI, 5, v. כֶּסֶת; a. fr.—Pl. כָּרִים. Kil. IX, 2; a. fr.—Meg. 12ᵃ (expl. כרפס, Esth. I, 6) כ׳ של פסים mattresses of striped goods. rounded; (cmp. כֶּבֶשׂ) fat lamb. Men. 66ᵇ, a. e., v. כַּרְמֶל.—Esth. R. to I, 14 (play on כׄרׄשׄנׄא) מי … כׄרׄ בן שׄנׄה (not פר) who offers unto thee a lamb one year old?—Pl. as ab. Meg. 12ᵇ כ׳ בני שנה; Yalk. Esth. 1051 פרים (corr. acc.). [Y. Sabb. V, 7ᵇ bot. כ׳ יוצאין לבובין ed. Krot., read: זכרים.]—Trnsf. commander.—Pl. as ab. Koh. R. to XII, 7, a. e., v. כלירכין.—4) runner, roller.—Pl. as ab. Gen. R. s. 69 מעבירין כ׳ עליהם pass the paving rollers over them; (ib. s. 41 רדיה; Yalk. Is. 337 דדין). ↗ expanded
כַּר ² , bolster. Gitt. 47ᵃ כריסי כָּרִי my fat belly is my bolster. Y. Yoma VIII, 44ᵈ top; Y. Taan. I, 64ᶜ [read:] (תותי) תחות כָּרֵיה under his bolster.—Pl. כָּרִין. Targ. Lam. II, 21. ↗ expanded
כְּרַב 2 (preced.) [to dig around, denom. כְּרוֹבָא, fr. which כְּרַב] to plough. B. Kam. 96ᵇ כ׳ בהו כרבא (Ms. M. omits כרבא) he ploughed with them. Sabb. 33ᵇ … חזו כַּרְבֵי וזרעי they saw people plough and sow. Ib. 73ᵇ מכדי מִכְרַב כרבי ברישא do not people first plough (and then sow)? Ib. בא"י … והדר כרבי the Mishnah speaks of Palestine where they first sow and then plough. B. Mets. 105ᵃ כָּרֵיבְנָא לה I shall plough it over. Ib. 107ᵃ כָּרֵיב ותני he ploughs twice (after harvesting and before seed-time); a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּרָבָא 1 (preced.) ploughing. B. Kam. 96ᵃ, v. preced.—B. Bath. 12ᵃ יומא כ׳ one day’s ploughing (Rashi: at ploughing season, opp. to the second ploughing before seed-time).—בי כ׳ a ploughed field. Yoma 43ᵇ; Nidd. 65ᵇ, v. כְּמַאי. ↗ expanded
כְּרָבָא 2 , cabbage. Macc. 16ᵃ, v. בִּינִיתָא; [Tosaf. a. l. a ploughed field, v. preced.]. B. Kam. 92ᵃ, v. הוּצָא I. Sabb. 115ᵃ; a. e.—Pl. כַּרְבֵּי. Ḥull. 62ᵇ דבי כ׳ (Rashi sing.; Ar. כּוֹרֵי) those (locusts) found among cabbage. ↗ expanded
כַּרְבֶּלֶת (v. כִּרְבֵּל, cmp. הדר), crown, crest. Sabb. 110ᵇ יטול כַּרְבַּלְתּו let him cut off his (the cock’s) crest. ↗ expanded
כַּרְבַּלְתָּאhelmet, crest. Ber. 7ᵃ; Ab. Zar. 4ᵇ כי חוורא כ׳ דתרנגולא when the crest of the cock is white. Erub. 100ᵇ [read:] שונרא לישמטיה לכַרְבַּלְתֵּיה דההוא תרנגולא וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) may the cat tear off this cock’s (my) crest, if I have (wherewith to buy) and do not buy for thee.—Pl. כַּרְבְּלָתָא. Y’lamd. to Gen. III, 22, quot. in Ar. (expl. כרבלתהון, Dan. III, 22) קסידיןcassides (v. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v.).—2) (cmp. אַדֶּרֶת) a certain kind of cloak. Ber. 20ᵃ חזיה … דהות לבישא כ׳ saw a Samaritan woman (whom he believed to be a Jewess) wearing a karbalta (which was considered improper for a Jewish woman).—Pl. as ab. Y’lamd. l. c., (another opin.) expl. כרבלתהון (v. supra) טליות, v. טַלִּית. ↗ expanded
כַּרְגָּא (cmp. חֲרִיקָא, a. Arab. ḫaraġ) capitation tax, tax, tribute. Targ. Lam. I, 1; a. e.—B. Bath. 55ᵃ כ׳ אקרקף וכ׳ karga rests on the head of man, i.e. is a personal liability, opp. to טַסְקָא. Ib. אפי׳ … משתעבדי לכ׳ even the barley in the pot is seizable for k.—B. Mets. 73ᵇ דיהבי זוזי אַכַּ׳ דאינשי וכ׳ who pay the taxes for other people and force them to unreasonable services. Keth. 87ᵃ, v. אַכְרַזְתָּא. ↗ expanded
כַּרְדּוּט (chiridota, χειριδωτός) a tunic with sleeves. Targ. I Sam. II, 18; a. e. (h. text אפוד).—Pl. כַּרְדּוּטִין. Targ. II Sam. XIII, 18 (h. text מעילים).—V. next art.↗ expanded
כְּרַהּ (v. כרח) to shrink, be narrow, (with or sub. רוחא) to be ill-tempered.—Part. כְּרִי, f. כַּרְיָא (= כריה, כריהא); pl. כְּרִין. Targ. Prov. XIV, 17; 29 דכ׳ רוחיה (h. text קצר רוח, קצר אפים).—ענבי דכְרִין grapes which shrunk, undeveloped (blackish) grapes. Naz. 34ᵇ, a. e., v. כְּרוּם ch. Ithpe. אִיכְּרַהּto be ill. Targ. Prov. XXIII, 35. ↗ expanded
כָּרְהָא (preced.) distress, illness. Targ. Y. Deut. VII, 15 Ar. (Levita כרחא, ed. מרעין, v. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v.). ↗ expanded
כְּרוּב 1 , however, Schr. KAT2 p. 39; p. 609) [head,] Cherub. Succ. 5ᵇ; Ḥag. 13ᵇ … מאי כ׳ כרַבְיָא וכ׳ what is K’rub?—… ‘Childlike’, for in Babylonia they call a child rabia. Ib. והפכו לכ׳ and he changed it (the face of the ox, Ez. I, 10) into that of a Cherub. Ib. היינו פני כ׳ וכ׳ the face of the Ch. is the same as that of man, the one being large, the other small. Yoma 77ᵃ. Lev. R. s. 32; a. e.—Pl. כְּרוּבִים. Tanḥ. ed. Bub. B’resh. 25 לפיכן נקראו כ׳ שהן רבים (read: רוֹבִים, v. רוֹבֶה) they are called Ch., because they are young (childlike), v. supra. Yoma 54ᵇ מעורים וכ׳ הכ׳ ראה saw the figures of the cherubs twined around each other. Ib. 54ᵃ כ׳ דצורתא וכ׳ painted cherubs were in the Second Temple; a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּרוּב 2 (v. preced.) [rounded,] cabbage. Ter. X, 11 כ׳ של שקייא cabbage from an irrigated field, opp. כ׳ של בעל, v. בַּעַל 3.—Ber. 44ᵇ קלח של כ׳ cabbage stalk. Ib. כ׳ למזון cabbage is good for a satisfying meal. Ned. VI, 10, v. אִיסְפַּרְגּוֹס; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּרוּבָּא , v. כְּרָבָא II. Ber. 38ᵇ Ar. ed. pr. (ed. Koh. a. Talm. ed. כרבא).—Y. R. Hash. I, 57ᵇ bot.; Y. Ḥall. I, 57ᶜ top [read:] צם … אַפְּסַק כרובה (v. פִּסְקָא) fasted two days in succession on a last meal of cabbage, and died.—Pl. כְּרוּבָּתָאvarious species of cabbage, cmp. אִיסְפַּרְגּוֹס. Y. Ned. VII, beg. 40ᵇ ↗ expanded
כְּרוּבָא Targ. Ex. XXV, 19; a. e.—Pl. כְּרוּבִין, כְּרוּבַיָּא. Ib. 18, sq.; a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּרוֹבָא (כְּרַב II) dug around, marked off; כרוב ארעא (cmp. חַקְלָא) a certain measure of land. Targ. O. Gen. XXXV, 16; XLVIII, 7; Targ. II Kings V, 19 (h. text כברת ארץ). ↗ expanded
כְּרוֹזa vessel. Lev. R. s. 10 כי כ׳ Ar. (ed. ככַדִּין; Pesik. Shub. p. 163ᵃ; Yalk. Jer. 303 ככלי), v. קְרוֹז. ↗ expanded
כְּרוּז (כָּרַז) public announcement. Lev. R. s. 6 הוציא כ׳ he issued a proclamation. Snh. VI, 1 (43ᵃ) והכ׳ יוצא וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. וכ׳) and it is cried out before him (the delinquent). Ib. 43ᵃ (missing in later ed.) והכ׳ יוצא לפניו וכ׳ and forty days before his (Jesus’) execution, it was published &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כָּרוֹז (preced.) public crier. Y. Succ. V, 55ᵇ bot. גביני כ׳ (not גבי) G. the Temple crier. Pesik. R. s. 5 שילח את הכ׳ he sent the crier forth. Esth. R. to VI, 12 כּוֹרֵז, v. גּוּלְיָיר.—Pl. כָּרוֹזוֹת. Deut. R. s. 4. ↗ expanded
כָּרוֹז ² ch. = h. כְּרוּז. Targ. O. Ex. XXXVI, 6 כָּרוֹז (Y. כְּרוּזָא, some ed. כְּרוֹ׳).—Y. Sabb. XVI, 15ᵈ; Y. Ned. lV, 38ᵈ top אפיק … כ׳ R. I. issued a proclamation; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כָּרוֹזָא ch. = h. כָּרוֹז. Dan. III, 4.—Targ. Y. Lev. XIII, 45 וּכְרוֹ׳ (read: וכָרוֹ׳).—Y. Shek. V, 48ᵈ bot. (transl. קרא הגבר) אכריז כ׳ the Temple crier has announced the morning; Y. Succ. V, 55ᶜ ↗ expanded
כָּרַוְיָא (careum, sub. cuminum, v. Sm. Ant. s. v.) כַּמּוֹנָא כ׳caraway. Ab. Zar. 29ᵃ (a remedy for nausea, v. אוּנְקְלַי I) מייתי כ׳ כ׳ (Ar. כרויא כמונא, v. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v. כמן, IV, p. 247, note 15) let him take caraway &c. [Rashi: (כמון) כמין כף אגרוף, obviously a corruption of a Provençal word.] ↗ expanded
כְּרוּךְ (preced.) band, priestly division. Targ. Y. Deut. XVIII, 6 (cmp. Y. Yeb. XI, 12ᵃ bot. בכל משמר שירצה). ↗ expanded
כְּרוֹכָא (כְּרַךְ) winding, intestines; כ׳ קטונא small winding (duodenum), כ׳ עביא the large winding (jejunum). Koh. R. to VII, 19; Yalk. Koh. 976; Lev. R. s. 3, v. כַּנְתָא. [Targ. Y. Lev. XI, 22 כרוכא Ar. a. Levita, v. כַּרְזְבָא.—Y. R. Hash. I, 57ᵇ bot. כרוכה, v. כְּרוּבָּא.] ↗ expanded
כְּרוּם (כָּרַם) [coating,] color, esp. yellow or green. Cant. R. to I, 14 (play on בכרמי, ib.) זה יעקב … בכ׳ פניו וכ׳ that alludes to Jacob who went in to his father with paleness of face, trembling in his shame &c. K’rum, name of a bird changing colors in the sun. Ber. 6ᵇ ↗ expanded
כְּרוּם ² , color, v. אִכְרוּם.—כ׳ יַמָּא sea-green, name of a beryll (aqua marina). Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 20; a. e.—*עִינְבֵי דִכְ׳ [green berries,] undeveloped grapes, worm-eaten grapes. B. Mets. 106ᵇ ע׳ דכדום ed. a. Ar. (Ms. H. a. Rome 2, Alf. דקרום; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 50). Naz. 34ᵇ (38ᵇ) ע׳ דכרין (Ar. דכדום, Rashi frequ. ענבין דיכרין), v. כְּרַהּ. Ḥull. 58ᵇ top Var. דכרים. ↗ expanded
כְּרוּמְשָׁאservice-tree. Pes. 111ᵇ כרו משא ed. (Ms. M. כרכמושא, emend. כררמ׳); v. Löw Pfl. p. 287. ↗ expanded
כְּרוּשְׁתֵּינָא (= כרושת עינא; v. preced.) [with large eye-balls,] name of a species of bats. Sabb. 78ᵃ ed. (Ms. M. כרושתנא, Ms. O. ברושטינא; Ar. ed. Koh. כרשתינא). ↗ expanded
כָּרַזto call together (cmp. כְּלֵי II); to call out, announce. Tanḥ. Mishp. 19 וכשהמלאך כּוֹרֵז האדם בשלום as long as the angel cries out (‘give honor to the image of God’), man is safe. Ib. (ref. to Job XXXIII, 23) אם יהא מן אותן אלף כורז וכ׳ if there be one out of the thousand (angels) crying out before him, to proclaim a man’s righteousness. Esth. R. to VI, 12 כּוֹרֵז, v. כָּרוֹז. Deut. R. s. 4 והכרוזות כּוֹרְזִין וכ׳ and the criers (angels) call out before him, Give room &c., v. infra. Hif. הִכְרִיזsame. Tanḥ. l. c. ואחד מהם מַכְרִיז … תנו וכ׳ and one of them (the angels) cries out before him, saying, Give honor &c.; Midr. Till. to Ps. XVII; Yalk. Ps. 670 מַכְרִיזִין, v. אִיקוֹנְיָא. B. Mets. II, 1, sq. אלו חייב להַכְרִיז the following finds one must publish. Ib. 28ᵇ אבידתא מַכְרִיז the crier announces that something has been found (not defining the object), opp. to גלימא מכריז ‘a cloak’ (or whatever the object may be).—Pes. 113ᵃ שלשה הקב"ה מכריז עליהם וכ׳ Ms. M. there are three persons for whose sake the Lord sends out the crier every day (to announce their praise); a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּרַז , Af. אַכְרֵיז same. Targ. Jon. III, 7 (h. text ויזעק); a. fr.—Targ. Ps. CV, 16 Ms. (ed. ואכלי, v. כְּלֵי II). Targ. Y. Deut. XXIV, 3 אַכְרִיזוּ וכ׳ it has been announced (decreed) in heaven.—Kidd. 81ᵃ מר זוטרא מלקי ומַכְרִיז M. Z. punished (a woman for being closeted with a man) and published the fact (in order to protect her children’s legitimacy). Ib. אי לאו דקא מַכְרִיזֵי (מַכְרְזֵי) וכ׳ if it had not been called out in heaven, Beware of R. M. &c. Yoma 72ᵇ, a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּרָזָא , pl. כְּרָזֵי name of two species of winged locusts. Ḥull. 62ᵇ כ׳ דבי חילפי וכ׳ (Ar. כְּרָאזֵי) those living in rushes are permitted, דבי כורי וכ׳ Ar. (ed. כרבי, v. כְּרָבָא II) those among heaps are forbidden (v. Tosaf. a. l.). ↗ expanded
כַּרְזְבָא a species of locusts. Targ. Y. Lev. XI, 22 (Ar. a. Levita כרוכא; h. text חגב). Targ. Ps. LXXVIII, 47 (h. text חנמל). Cmp. אַרְזְבוֹנִית. ↗ expanded
כַּרְזִילָא (כְּרַז, with format, ל) the shepherd’s assistantthat gathers the scattered flock. B. Kam. 56ᵇ מסרו לרועה לכַרְזִילֵיה Ar. (ed. לב׳, corr. acc.) ‘he surrendered it to the shepherd’ (in Mish.) means to his assistant. he who calls to, and leads in prayer.—Pl. כַּרְזִילִין. Targ. Cant. I, 8 כַּרְזִילָהָא (not בַּ׳, v. ed. Lag. II, p. XIV) her (the congregation’s) leaders. Targ. Koh. X, 10. ↗ expanded
כַּרְזַיִםKarzayim, near Jerusalem. Men. 85ᵃ חיטי כ׳ (Ms. M. כרוים, Ms. R. 2 a. Ms. K. ב׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) wheat of K. ↗ expanded
כָּרַח (v. כְּרַהּ a. כָּרַךְ)to be tied, narrowed in.—Denom. כֹּרַח. Hif. הִכְרִיחַto force, subdue. Gen. R. s. 75, beg. (ref. to הכריעהו, Ps. XVII, 13) הַכְרִיחֵהוּ וכ׳ force him down on the scale of guilt, break his resistance; (Yalk. Gen. 130 הכריעהו). Cant. R. to IV, 12 אם בנפשותן הן מַכְרִיחִין וכ׳ (not בעשותן) if they did violence to their souls, how much more &c.; (Pesik. B’shall. p. 82ᵇ שליטין). ↗ expanded
כֹּרַח (preced.) force, unwillingness, necessity. על כרח־ (or בעל) against or without one’s will. Ab. IV, 22 על כָּרְחֲךָ וכ׳ without thy will thou hast been created &c. Gitt. 21ᵃ בעל כּוֹרְחָהּ against her will, opp. מדעתה, v. דַּעַת; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כָּרְחָא Targ. Y. II, Gen. XLIV, 18. Targ. I Sam. II, 16 (h. text בחזקה).—[Targ. Y. Deut. VII, 15, v. כָּרְהָא.] ↗ expanded
כַּרְטֵיס (χάρτης) document. Y. Keth. IX, end, 33ᶜ כהן דמר אבד כַּרְטֵיסוֹ וכ׳ (not סן …) in accordance with the opinion of him who says, if one’s document (of indebtedness) is lost, write a duplicate for him. Ib. לבד מן כרטוסה קדמייא וכ׳ (read: כַּרְטֵיסָה or כַּרְטֵיסַיָּהpl.) irrespective of a previous document (or previous documents, against me) which may be in thy possession. Ib. [read:] אלא כי אורחא דבר נשא מימר אבד כַּרְטֵיסִי עבד חורן but is it a usual matter for a man to say (to his debtor), my document has been lost, write another for me?—V. קַרְטֵיס. ↗ expanded
כרי (b. h.) [to round, heap, cave,] to dig. Mekh. Mishp., N’zikin, s. 11 כּוֹרֶה מנין how am I to know that he who digs a pit is responsible?—B. Kam. 51ᵃ כורה אחר כורה one who digs after another one, i.e. who completes the pit to its legal size. Succ. 53ᵃ; Macc. 11ᵃ בשעה שכ׳ דוד וכ׳ when David dug for the foundations; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּרוּי, f. כְּרוּיָהhollowed out. Kel. III, 5, a. e., v. חִידּוּק a. בָּרָה. to sit in a circle, v. infra. Hif. הִכְרָהto heap, pile. Gen. R. s. 100 (ref. to כריתי, Gen. L, 5) הרבה ממון תַּכְרֶה עליה much money shalt thou pile up (give me) for it (the grave); (some ed. הכרה Jacob piled up in settling with Esau). Ib. הִכְרֵתִי (corr. הִכְרֵיתִי); v. כְּרִי; Pesik. R. s. 1 וכל ממון שהיה לו ה׳ וכ׳ (not מסר לו) and he (Jacob) piled up whatever money he had to place it before Esau &c. to invite to a banquet; (with play on כרת) to excise, to destroy. Snh. 20ᵃ; Yalk. Sam. 142 (ref. to להברות, II Sam. III, 35, where Raba had before him a K’thib. להכרות) כתיב להכרות … בתחלה להַכְרוֹתוֹ וכ׳ it is written l’hakhroth (to entertain) and read l’habroth (v. בָּרָה): originally they came with the intention of destroying him (for the murder of Abner), and finally (when convinced of his innocence) they came to comfort him; [Yalk. Ms. to Sam. l. c., quoted in Rabb. D. S. Snh. l. c. note 9: כתיב לִבְרוֹת וקרינן להַבְרוֹת בתחלה לברות וכ׳ it is written libroth (to pierce, cmp. Ez. XXIII, 47), and we read l’habroth &c.]. ↗ expanded
כְּרֵי , to dig, bore. Targ. O. Ex. XXI, 33 יִכְרֵי ed. Berl. (oth. ed. יִכְרֶה). Targ. Ps. XL, 7; a. e.—B. Kam. 51ᵃ אמרי ליה זיל כְּרֵי לן ואזל כְּרָא להו (some ed. כָּרָה hebr.) they said to him, go and dig for us, and he went and dug &c. Ib. 48ᵃ כמאן דכַרְיֵיה דמי he is as responsible as if he had dug it. Succ. 53ᵇ בְּרִינָן פורתא וכ׳ we bore only a little and there comes water; a. e.—*Taan. 24ᵃ דהוה כָּרֵיא בהוצא that he was boring a hole in the fence (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note for Var. lect.).—[כרי to be narrow, distressed, part. כְּרִי, כַּרְיָא, pl. כְּרִין, v. כְּרַהּ] ↗ expanded
כְּרִי (preced.) heap, pile. Ex. R. s. 31 (ref. to כריתי, Gen. L, 5, v. כָּרָה) נטל … ועשה אותו כ׳ he (Jacob) took all the money he possessed and made a pile of it; כ׳ של דינרין וכ׳ a pile of denars have I given to Esau. Tosef. Ter. III, 17. Ter. III, 5. Y. ib. I, 40ᵇ bot. הבקיר כֶּרְיוֹ (not כריי) if a man renounced possession of his pile (store) of grain. Ib. IV, 42ᵈ top לפטור את כִּירְיוֹ to discharge the duty of T’rumah for his entire store. Y. Gitt. VII, 48ᶜ bot. תרם את כִּירְייוֹ if he gave T’rumah for his store; a. fr.—Pl. כְּרָיִים. Y. Shek. III, end, 47ᶜ אילו שני כ׳ וכ׳ if it were a case of two piles for which a person had discharged T’rumah &c. ↗ expanded
כַּרְיָא 1same. B. Mets. 105ᵃ (in a tenant’s contract) ואוקים כ׳ וכ׳ and I will place the pile (of my crop) before thee. Y. Maasr. I, 49ᵃ bot. (expl. משיתמרח) מן דו ישפר אפוי דכ׳ from the time he gives shape to the pile; a. e.—Pl. כַּרְוָון, כֵּירָוָון, כֵּירָוָותָא. Targ. Y. Ex. VIII, 10, v. כּוֹרָא. Targ. II Chr. XXXI, 6; 7, sq. (h. text ערמות). digging, ditch; well. B. Bath. 8ᵃ רמי כ׳ חדתא וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 80) put on orphans (heirs) the obligation of contributing towards a new ditch. Ib. (הכל) לכ׳ (ד)פתיא וכ׳ (Ms. F. בֵּירָא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) even scholars must lend their services in digging a street-well; B. Mets. 108ᵃ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 60). Ib. 110ᵃ וכרי כ׳ and must do what digging may be required (ditch, well), v. טַסְקָא. Ib. לכ׳ דנהרא for dredging the river (or channel).—*בית כ׳ House of Heaps (Ruins), a cacophemistic change of the name בֵּית גַּלְיָא, v. גַּלְיָא II. Ab. Zar. 46ᵃ; Tem. 28ᵇ (Var. כַּלְיָיאdestruction).—[V., however, גַּדָּא a. גַּלָּא.]—Meg. 6ᵃ בית כ׳ שלהן Ms. M. (ed. במיא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). ↗ expanded
כְּרִיָה (כָּרָה) digging, esp. digging a pit through which an animal was injured (Ex. XXI, 33). Mekh. Mishp., N’zikin, s. 11; Tosef. B. Kam. VI, 13 נפל לפניו מקול כ׳ if the animal fell forward (into the pit) frightened by the sound of digging (within the pit), נפל לאחריו מקול הכ׳ if it tumbled backward &c. B. Kam. 49ᵇ על עסקי כ׳ for the act of digging a pit (although not on his own soil). Ib. 50ᵃ ה"א כ׳ הוא דבעי כיסוי I might have thought only when he dug the pit he is bound to cover it up; a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּרִיהָא (v. כְּרַהּ) sufferer.—Pl. כְּרִיהֵי, כְּרִיחֵי. Sabb. 21ᵃ כל כ׳ דמערבא Ar. (ed. בריחי, corr. acc.) all sufferers of Palestine, v. קִיקָיוֹן. Ib. 145ᵇ כריחי ed. Sonc. (ed. ב׳; Ms. Rashi כְּרִיכֵי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). ↗ expanded
כְּרִיהוּתָא (preced.) distress, misfortune. Sabb. 10ᵃ כ׳ וכ׳ Ar. is it such a misfortune &c., v. טַרְחוּתָא. ↗ expanded
*כָּרִיךְ , pl. (כָּרַךְ) כָּרִיכִיןparasites, lichens, moss. Lev. R. s. 15 כל זמן … היא עושה כ׳ as long as the well empties into the garden, it will grow lichens (compared to leprous spots on the body, v. חְזָזִית; Yalk. Lev. 554 היא עשויה בִּיצִּין). ↗ expanded
כְּרִיכָא 1 (כְּרַךְ) winding; rounded. B. Kam. 50ᵇ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6); Yalk. Ex. 341. ↗ expanded
כְּרִיכָא 2 , sheaf.—Pl. כְּרִיכַן. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVII, 7 מכרכן כ׳ Ar. (quoted in Rashi to B. Mets. II, 1; ed. מפרכן פירוכין). ↗ expanded
כְּרִיכָא 3 (preced.) bundle or band.—Pl. כְּרִיכֵי. Snh. 67ᵇ (of a juggler) שדי כ׳ וכ׳ cast ribbons (or bundles) of silk out of his nose.—V. כְּרָכָא. ↗ expanded
כְּרִיכָה (כָּרךְ) winding around. Tanḥ. Vaëra 4 (ref. to Ber. V, 1) מה … כְּרִיכַת נחש למלכות what led the scholars to place the serpent winding itself around a person side by side with the (Roman) government?; Ex. R. s. 9. bundle, bunch, small sheaf, contrad. to אְלוּמָּה.—Pl. כְּרִיכוֹת. B. Mets. II, 1. Ib. 22ᵇ; a. e.—[Ib. 37ᵇ כְּרֵיכוֹת, v. בֶּרֶךְ.] ↗ expanded
כְּרִיסוֹ (χρυσοάργυρον, usu. χρυσάργυρον) gold and silver tax levied by Constantine the Great (v. Sachs Beitr. II, 140; Rapap. Er. Mill. p. 193, a. authors there quoted). Y. B. Kam. III, 3ᶜ top אהן כ׳ א׳ וכ׳ as to the chrysargyron: before that tax is arranged, it is permitted to say (to the officers), ‘this man is my fellow-trader’; when it has been arranged (and is being collected), it is not permitted (because it would injure the person omitted in the list without alleviating the burden of others); cmp. אכסניי.—Pl. כְּרִיסַרְגּוּרִיּוֹת. Cant. R. II, 2 (variously corrupted).—Midr. Till. to Ps. XII מרגזאות, ed. Bub. מזה נמסאות; Yalk. ib. 656 מדגראות, read: כְּרִיזַרְגְּרָאוֹת (ascribed to Hadrian). ↗ expanded
כְּרִיסוֹלָכַנוֹן (χρυσολάχανον) orach. Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ bot. כירבי לבנון (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כַּרִיסְטְיוֹנָא (χαριστίων) charistion, an instrument for weighing or lifting (Lidd. et Scott. Gr. Dict.); scales for minute weights (P. Sm. s. v. כרסטונא, p. 1836). Lam. R. to I, 5 כרסטייתא Ar. (corr. acc.; ed. קְרִצְטְיוֹנָא). ↗ expanded
כְּרֵיסִית (denom. of כֶּרֶס) a leather bag, (as a measure) K’resith containing one S’ah. Kel. XX, I Talm. ed. (Mish. ed. a. ed. Dehr. כריתית, Ar. ed. Koh. כרתית, denom. of כַּר). ↗ expanded
כְּרִיסְפָּא (Crispus) Crispa, name of an Amora. Pesik. Shubah, p. 157ᵇ; (R. Hash. 16ᵇ כרוספדאי); Y. ib. I, 57ᵃ bot. קרוספא ed. Krot.—Ib. II, 58ᵇ top קריספא; Y. Snh. I, 18ᶜ bot. קריספדא. Pesik. R. s. 15 קריספא. ↗ expanded
כְּרִיעָה (כָּרַע) kneeling. Ber. 34ᵇ; Meg. 22ᵇ, contrad. to קִידָּה. Y. Ber. I, 3ᶜ bot., a. e., v. בְּרִיכָה. Ib.ᵈ top לך כ׳ unto thee is kneeling due.—Pl. כְּרִיעוֹת. Ber. 31ᵃ, v. הִשְׁתַּחֲוָאָה. ↗ expanded
כָּרֵישָׁא 2 (v. preced.; cmp. כַּרְשִׁינָה) leek. Sabb. VIII, 5 (80ᵇ) כדי לזבל כ׳ as much manure as is required for one leek plant. Y. ib. VII, 9ᵈ bot. כדי ליטע כרישה as much space as is required for planting one leek. Makhsh. I, 5; Tosef. ib. I, 5.—Pl. כָּרֵישִׁים, כָּרֵישִׁין. Kil. I, 2 כ׳ וכְרֵישֵׁי שדה וכ׳ (garden) leek and field-leek … are not heterogeneous, v. כִּלְאַיִם. Tosef. Sabb. XV (XVI), 14 גוזזין לו כ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. כרשינן) we may cut leek for him (on the Sabbath, as a remedy for a serpent’s bite). Ned. VI, 9; Tosef. ib. III, 6; Y. ib. VI, 39ᵈ bot., v. קִפְלוֹט; a. fr.—V. כָּרָתֵי. ↗ expanded
כְּרִית (כָּרָה) the groove in the mountain slopes made by running water. Y. M. Kat. I, 80ᵇ top עד כדי שתפרח הכ׳ (ed. הב׳, corr. acc.) until the grooves bloom (are covered with vegetation). Ib. פרחה כ׳ ולא פסקו if the grooves have bloomed, but the rains have not ceased (set in again); Y. Ter. VIII, 46ᵃ top עד כדי שתפוח הכ׳ (corr. acc.). (b. h.) K’rith, name of a brook. Targ. I Kings XVII, 3. ↗ expanded
כְּרֵיתK’reth, a district near Philistia. Targ. I Sam. XXX, 14 (ed. Lag. כרת; h. text הכרתי). ↗ expanded
כְּרִיתָה (כָּרַת) cutting of genitals, mutilation. Yeb. 75ᵇ, v. שָׁפַךְ. divorce by means of a deed(סֵפֶר כְּרִיתוּת). Gitt. 10ᵇ והא לאו בני כ׳ נינהו but they (the gentiles) are not subject to the Jewish mode of divorce (how, then, can they act as judges in divorce cases)? (sub. ברית) the making of a covenant.—Pl. כְּרִיתוֹת. Tosef. Sot. VIII, 10; 11 ed. Zuck., v. בְּרִית. = כָּרֵתexcision. Macc. III, 15, v. כָּרֵת.—Pl. כְּרִיתוֹת, v. כָּרֵת. decision. Pl. as ab. Midr. Till. to Ps. III (ref. to כרתי, II Sam. XV, 18) כורתי כ׳ (ed. Bub. בריתות) those who pass (final) decisions. ↗ expanded
כְּרִיתוּתfinal divorce. Sifré Deut. 269 (ref. to Deut. XXIV, 1) שיהא כורת מכאן … אין זה כ׳ he must make the thing final, from this we derive that if a man says, this is thy letter of divorce under the condition that thou wilt never go …, this is no final (valid) divorce; Gitt. 83ᵇ. Tosef. ib. IX (VII), 1; a. fr.—Gitt. l. c.; ib. 21ᵇ; Succ. 24ᵇ, a. e. כרת כ׳ the legal deduction from the use of the word כריתות (Deut. l. c.) where the word כָּרֵת might have been used. ↗ expanded
כָּרַךְ (cmp. כָּרָה) to encircle, twine around, embrace, wrap. Men. 39ᵃ תכלת שכ׳ רובה a fringe the larger portion of which he twined together (v. תְּכֵלֶת). Ib. כדי שיִכְרוֹךְ וישנה וכ׳ enough to twine around three times. Yoma 38ᵃ כְּרָכָהּ embraced it (clung to the bronze door). Sabb. 133ᵇ וכָרְכֵהוּ בשיראין נאין Ms. M. (ed. וכוֹרְכוֹ) and twine handsome ribbons around it. Pes. 115ᵃ; Zeb. 79ᵃ היה כוֹרְכָן וכ׳ used to wrap them together (insert the Passover meat and the bitter herb between the Matsah). Ab. Zar. 18ᵃ כְּרָכוּהוּ בס"ת וכ׳ they wrapped him in a scroll of the Law and burned him. Tosef. Meg. IV (III), 20 כּוֹרְכִין תורה וכ׳ you may wrap the Pentateuch in covers intended for &c.; (Meg. 27ᵃ גוללין); a. fr.—Pes. IV, 8; Tosef. ib. II (III), 19 כּוֹרְכִין את שמע they recited the confession of faith (Deut. VI, 4 sq.) in one כֶּרֶךְ, without the proper pauses (or without inserting ‘Blessed be the Name of His glorious kingdom &c.’ between verses 4 and 5), v. Pes. 56ᵃ, a. Y. ib. IV, 31ᵇ.—Part. pass. כָּרוּךְ, f. כְּרוּכָה; pl. כְּרוּכִים, כְּרוּכִין; כְּרוּכוֹתtwined around, wrapped up; trnsf. (with אחר) clinging to, running after. Ber. V, 1 אפי׳ נחש כ׳ וכ׳ even if a serpent is wound around his heel, he must not interrupt his prayer, v. כְּרִיכָה. Kidd. 66ᵃ הרי כ׳ ומונחת וכ׳ behold it (the Law) is wrapped up and lies in the corner, whoever wishes may study it. Gen. R. s. 78 בפנים כ׳ אני מהלך I shall walk with my face wrapped up (in humility).—Ḥull. 78ᵇ (expl. Lev. XXII, 28) מי שׁבנו כ׳ אחריו that animal to whom the young clings (the mother). Sabb. 52ᵃ כרוכין with the chain or halter twined around them, opp. נמשכין led by the chain &c. Ḥull. 59ᵇ (קרנים) כרוכות horns the layers of which encircle one another. Ex. R. s. 33 היו כ׳ זה בזה their bodies were twisted around each other; a. e. Nif. נִכְרַךְto be twined around; to be wrapped up. Y. Ter. VII, 46ᵇ bot. יִכָּרֵךְ המת בסדינו shall the dead be wrapped up in his sheet?, i.e. shall that man be abandoned to his fate?—Yoma 69ᵃ שמא תִכָּרֵךְ וכ׳ lest one thread wind itself around (stick to) his body. Pi. כֵּרֵךְ, כֵּי׳ ; Hif. הִכְרִיךְ to wind around, wrap. Ab. d’R. N. ch. III, beg. המַכְרִיךְ סמרטוטין וכ׳ he who ties a bandage over his eyes (pretending blindness) &c. Men. 39ᵃ אפי׳ לא כי׳ בה וכ׳ even if he formed only one link by winding the twine around. Y. Ḥag. III, 79ᵃ top וִיכָרְכֶינָּה בסיב ויטבילה let him wrap bast around it and so immerse it; ib. II, end, 78ᶜ (corr. acc.). Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. IX, 6 שהוא מְכָרֵךְ בו וכ׳ which one twines around the couch. Ib. מַכְרִיךְ.—Part. pass. מְכוֹרָךְ, pl. מְכוֹרָכִין. Lev. R. s. 35 הסייף … ניתנו מכ׳ וכ׳ (Sifré Deut. 40 כְּרוּכִים) the sword and the book have been handed from heaven wrapped up together; a. e.—[Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. VI, 1, v. כִּרְכֵּם.] ↗ expanded
כְּרַךְ 1same. Targ. Job XXXI, 36, v. כְּבַן. Targ. Prov. VI, 21. Targ. I Kings XIX, 13; a. fr. (interch. in ed. with Pa.).—Taan. 22ᵃ top לצפרא כַרְכִינְהוּ וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) in the morning they rolled the mattresses up and carried them off. Yoma 78ᵇ; Yeb. 102ᵇ כריך סודרא וכ׳ tied a cloth around his legs. Sabb. 110ᵃ האי מאן דכַרְכֵיה וכ׳ he around whom a serpent has twined itself. B. Bath. 14ᵇ דכ׳ ביה פורתא ומנח ליה לכַרְכֵיה לעיל Ms. H. (ed. פורתא וכַרְכֵיה לעיל …, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 40) he rolled up a small portion (of the scroll) and placed that rolled portion on top (of the scroll). Ab. Zar. 18ᵇ כְּרַכְתֵּיה she embraced him; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּרִיךְ. Y. Ter. VIII, 45ᵈ top כ׳ עליה wound around it.—Esp. כ׳ ריפתאto double the bread, placing salt, herbs &c. between (v. preced.), in gen. כ׳ ר׳ (or sub. ר׳) to begin a meal, to dine. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 50 ובעו … למִכְרַךְ ר׳ and the guests were about beginning to eat.—Ber. 22ᵇ כְּרוֹכוּ ר׳ sat down to dine together. Taan. 23ᵇ יתיב וכ׳ ר׳ … איתו כְרוֹכוּ he sat down to eat and did not say to the scholars, come eat with us; Y. ib. I, 64ᵇ bot., sq. אתון כריכין (corr. acc.).—Trnsf. כְּרוֹךְ ותני combine the two versions into one. Sabb. 34ᵇ. Men. 87ᵃ to surround, fortify. Targ. Jer. LI, 53.—Part. pass. כָּרִיךְ, f. כָּרִיכָא, כְּרִיכְתָּא; pl. כְּרִיכִין, כְּרִיכַיָּא; כְּרִיכַן, כְּרִיכָתָא. Targ. Is. II, 15. Ib. XXVII, 10. Targ. Ps. XXXI, 3; 22. Targ. O. Deut. III, 5; a. fr.—[V. כְּרִיכָא.] Pa. כָּרֵיךְsame, v. supra.—2) to turn around. Targ. Prov. XXVI, 14 (h. text סבב).—Sabb. 129ᵃ, v. זִיקָא I. Ithpe. אִכְּרִיךְto be wrapped up. Targ. Esth. VIII, 15 מִיכְּרִיךְ וכ׳ clothed in &c. (h. text תכריך). Koh. R. to VIII, 11; IX, 10 ורישיה מִיכְּרַךְ with his head wrapped up (in mourning). Sabb. 110ᵇ אִיכְּרַךְ גנא ביה he wrapped himself up in the cloak and slept in it.—Trnsf. to attach one’s self. Keth. 77ᵇ מי אִיכַּרְכַת וכ׳ hast thou mingled with gonorrhoeists &c.? Ib. א׳ בהו mingled with them. ↗ expanded
כֶּרֶךְ (preced. wds.) twining. Men. 39ᵃ חוט של כ׳ the thread which is used for twining (v. תְּכֵלֶת). roll, volume (of a book). B. Mets. 29ᵇ ולא יהיו ג׳ קורין בכ׳ אחד Ms. M. (differ. in ed.) three persons must not read together in one volume (of a book held in trust by the finder). bundle; trnsf. a combined action; בכ׳ אחדsimultaneously; without intermission. Ib. 37ᵃ כמי שהפקידו לו בכ׳ א׳ as if they had entrusted their money to him by one act (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 50), opp. to שני כְּרֵיכוֹת. —Y. Shek. III, 47ᵇ bot. בכ׳ א׳ (drinking four cups) in immediate succession (Pes. 108ᵇ בבת אחת), opp. בפיסקין (v. כָּרַךְ)—Tosef. Maas. Sh. IV, 11 [read:] נתנן כולן בכ׳ וכ׳ if he put all of them into one fund, he takes the money realized from their sale out of the common fund. Tosef. Meg. IV (III), 17, sq. ג׳ פסוקים בכ׳ אחד three verses without intermission (for the expositor, v. מְתוּרְגְּמָן).—Pl. (fr. כָּרֵךְ) כְּרֵיכוֹת, v. supra; B. Mets. 37ᵇ שתי כ׳. ↗ expanded
כְּרָךְ c. (v. כְּרַךְfortified place, in gen. city, capital. Meg. 3ᵇ כ׳ שישב ולבסוף הוקף a place which was first settled and then fortified. Ḥag. 13ᵇ בן כ׳ an inhabitant of a city, a refined person, opp. בן כפר. Succ. 51ᵇ he who has not seen Jerusalem in her glory, לא ראה כ׳ וכ׳ has never seen a beautiful city; a. fr.—כ׳ גדול (של רומי) Rome. Snh. 21ᵇ כ׳ ג׳ שברומי ed. (Ms. של ר׳); Sabb. 56ᵇ. Pes. 118ᵇ בכ׳ ג׳ ed. (Ms. M. של רומי). Yalk. Num. 759 לדחוף את שרה של כ׳ ג׳ וכ׳ to drive out the genius of Rome &c.; Pesik. R. s. 14 (corr. acc.); Pesik. Par., p. 41ᵃ (corr. acc.); a. fr.—Pl. כְּרַכִּים, כְּרַכִּין. Erub. 21ᵇ judge me not כיושבי כ׳ like the dwellers in large cities (where there are many vices). Meg. I, 1. Keth. 110ᵇ ישיבת כ׳ קשה living in large cities is a hardship. Sifré Deut. 52 Remus and Romulus arose ובנו ב׳ כ׳ ברומי and built two forts in Rome (Cant. R. to I, 6; Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ צריפים); a. fr.—כְּרַכֵּי הים sea-towns, mercantile ports (Tyre &c.). R. Hash. 26ᵃ. Cant. R. to I, 4; a. fr.—[Ruth. R. to II, 4 בין הכרכים, read: באַרְכִיָים, v. אַרְכִי I.]—כְּרַךְ Fort …, v. respective determinants. ↗ expanded
כְּרַךְ 2 Targ. II Sam. XX, 19. Targ. Jer. LI, 25 (h. text הר); a. fr.—Yoma 53ᵇ דתרום רישך אכולה כ׳ that thy head be raised over the whole city (that thou become the leader of the Jewish community). Taan. 22ᵃ מגנית אכולה כ׳ thou art the protector of the whole community. Ḥull. 56ᵇ כ׳ דכולה ביה a community in which everything (all classes) can be found; a. fr.—Pl. כְּרַכִּין, כְּרַכַּיָּא, כַּרְכּ׳. Targ. Num. XIII, 19 (O. ed. Berl. כַּרְכִין, Var. כַּרְכִּין, כְּרָכִין, כְּרַכִין). Targ. Job IV, 10 ed. Lag. מרתיתין כרכיא (ed. מרתיחין כרביא, corr. acc.).—[כְּרַכָּא ד־, כְּרַכָּה ד־Fort …, v. respective determinants.—Targ. Y. Num. XXXIV, 8 כַּרְכּוֹי דבר סניגורא the forts of &c. Ib. כדכוד דבר זעמה or כדכור, read: כַּרְכּוֹי.] ↗ expanded
כְּרָכָא (כְּרַךְ) roll. B. Bath. 14ᵇ כַּרְכֵיה, v. כְּרַךְ I. pl. כְּרָכֵיmatting which can be rolled up. Sabb. 19ᵇ (Ms. O. כְּרָאכֵי); ib. 156ᵇ (Ms. O. כְּרִיכֵי), v. זָוָוא I. ↗ expanded
כִּרְכֵּב (redupl. of כרב, v. כְּרוּב) to round off, to make a rim by hollowing out the centre (as on a mechanic’s stool, a pot-lid &c.). Ḥull. 25ᵃ bot. unfinished wooden vessels שעתיד … לכַרְכֵּב which require polishing … or caving out; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. II, 17 כרכב (read לכ׳). Ib. 10 (of metal ware) לכרכב; Ḥull. 25ᵇ לכַרְכֵּר (Ar. לכרכם). ↗ expanded
כַּרְכּוֹב , v. כִּרְכֵּב) a rim around the altar. Zeb. 62ᵃ איזהו כ׳ … זה כיור what is meant by Karkob Rabbi says, a panel work; R. J. says, the rim (סוֹבֵב) Ib. כ׳ בין קרן לקרן (another) rim between one horn and the other; Tosef. Shek. III, 19; Y. ib. VIII, end, 51ᵇ (ref. to Shek. VIII, 8; Tosef. ib. III, 18). ↗ expanded
*כַּרְכּוּז , name of a goat-like animal, Carcuz-goat. Ḥull. 59ᵇ ed. עיזא כ׳ ed. (Ar. עיוא דכרבין goat of Carbin (a place); Var. כרביז, כרכין, v. Ar. Compl. s. v.). ↗ expanded
כַּרְכּוֹם 1 , m.(b. h. [paint,] crocus, saffron. Kerith. 6ᵃ; Y. Yoma IV, 41ᵈ (one of the ingredients of frankincense).—Nidd. II, 6 כקרן כ׳ of the color of the bright-colored crocus; expl. ib. 7 ברור שבו like the choicest of all (expl. ib. 20ᵃ as the middle leaf of the middle row); Y. ib. 50ᵇ top; Tosef. ib. III, 11; a. e.—Tosef. Kil. I, 1 כרקם ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. כרפס, corr. acc.).—[Ib. III, 12 ed. Zuck., v. כַּרְפַּס II.]—[Targ. Cant. II, 1 כרקום some ed., read: נַרְקִיס.]—Pl. כַּרְכְּמִין. Y. Maasr. V, end, 52ᵃ. Y. B. Bath. IX, end, 17ᵇ כּוּרְכְּמִין (Chald. form). ↗ expanded
כַּרְכּוֹם 2 (v. כָּרַם, cmp. כָּרָךְ) [encircling,] troop of siege, stage of siege. Keth. II, 9; Ab. Zar. 71ᵃ עיר שכבשוה כ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 80) a town which troops of siege have taken. Gitt. III, 4 על עיר שהקיפה כ׳ concerning a husband living in a town during a siege (that he is legally presumed to be alive), opp. to עיר שכבשה כ׳. Y. Keth. II, 26ᵈ; Y. Gitt. III, 45ᵃ top איזהו כ׳ what is called a stage of siege (for legal purposes); Ib. כ׳ של אותה מלכות a siege by the government troops of the country, opp. to a siege by the enemy. camp of besiegers, the Roman castra. Ab. Zar. 18ᵇ ההולך … ולכ׳ whosoever goes to the arena or the camp; Tosef. ib. II, 6 ולכַרְקוֹמִין (pl.). Ib. 7 ולכ׳ (מותר) מפני וכ׳ and going to the camp is permitted for the sake of maintaining the political order, v. חָשַׁבHithpa.—Pl. כַּרְכּוֹמִין, (כַּרְקֹ). Koh. R. to XII, 7 (ref. to לשום כרים על שערים, Ez. XXI, 27) עשה כ׳ he erected camps of siege (Lam. R. introd., R. Josh. 2 טירונין, v. טִירוֹן II). Tosef. l. c., v. supra. ↗ expanded
כַּרְכּוֹם , mostly pl. (כַּרְקֹ׳) כַּרְכּוֹמִיןworks of siege. Targ. O. Deut. XX, 20 כרכ׳ (ed. Berl. כרק׳; Targ. Y. קַרְקוֹמִין). Targ. Lam. I, 19. Targ. Is. XXIX, 3 כרקום (ed. Lag. קַרְקוֹם; h. text מֻצָּב). Targ. I Sam. XXVI, 5; 7 כרכומא (ed. Lag. כרק׳, h. text מעגל). ↗ expanded
כִּרְכּוּר (כִּרְכֵּר) circle, circuit, round about way.—Pl. כִּרְכּוּרִים, רִין …, כִּירְ׳. Gen. R. s. 20; s. 45, end; s. 63; Yalk. Gen. 80; 82 כמה כ׳ כרכר בשביל להסיח וכ׳ how many circuits did the Lord make before he addressed Sarah directly (ref. to Gen. XVIII, 13 to 15, and interpreting ויאמר, verse 15, ‘and the Lord said’); Y. Sot. VII, beg. 21ᵇ [read:] כמה כִּירְכּוּרֵי כ׳ חקב"ה מתאוה בשביל להשיח עם אותה צדקנית how many circles around circles did the Lord draw in order &c. whirl, v. כַּרְכָּר. ↗ expanded
כַּרְכּוּשְׁתָּא (v. כַּרְכֵּשׁ I) weasel. Targ. Y. Lev. XI, 29 (h. text חלד).—B. Mets. 85ᵃ בני כ׳ young weasels (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. for correct vers.). Snh. 105ᵃ (prov.) כ׳ ושונרא וכ׳ weasel and cat (making peace) feast on the fat of the luckless. Meg. 14ᵇ (translation of Huldah), v. חוּלְדָּה III.—[B. Kam. 52ᵃ, v. כַּרְכַּשְׁתָּא I.] ↗ expanded
כִּרְכִּם (reduplic. of כרם) to draw a circle; denom. כַּרְכּוֹם II. (cmp. כְּרוּם) to paint, varnish; to polish, bronze. Kel. XV, 2 סירקן או כִרְכְּמָן if he painted or varnished the boards. Ib. XXII, 9 כופת שסירקו או כִרְכְּמוֹ וכ׳ a block which one painted or varnished so as to give it a distinguishable surface. Ḥull. 25ᵇ לכַרְכֵּם Ar. to polish or bronze (metal vessels), v. כִּרְכֵּב. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. VI, 1 ואם … לכרכם עד שיְכַרְכֵּם if he intends to varnish (the leather goods), they cannot become unclean until he has varnished them. Cant. R. beg. סיתתה וכִירְכְּמָהּ he chiseled and polished the stone, v. מָרַק.—כ׳ פנים [to braze the face,] to be bold, defiant (cmp. יָרַק). Y’lamd. to Num. XX, 8 quot. in Ar. והוא מְכִרְכֵּם פניו כנגדן (some ed. Ar. מכרכס, (v. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v.) and he (Moses) defied them; Yalk. Num. 763 נִתְכַּרְכְּמוּ פניו, v. infra.—Part. pass. מְכוּרְכָּם פנים מְכוּרְכָּמוֹת; green, pale face. Gen. R. s. 99 יצאו ופניהם מכ׳ they went out pale-faced (abashed).—Denom. כַּרְכּוֹם I. Nithpa. נִתְכַּרְכֵּם (denom. of כַּרְכּוֹם I, cmp. יָרַק), with פניםto look saffron-like, pale, abashed, grieved. Gen. R. s. 20 נִתְכַּרְכְּמוּ פניו he turned pale. Y. Snh. I, 19ᵃ bot. Pesik. Par. p. 38ᵃ; Num. R. s. 19 (some ed. נתכרמו, corr. acc.).—Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 35 ופניו מִתְכַּרְכְּמִין and his (Abraham’s) face turned pale (from jealousy); Yalk. Sam. 162 ופני אברהם מִתְכַּרְכְּמוֹת. to become bronze-colored. Cant. R. to I, 6 נתכ׳ פניו his face was tanned (from exposure to the sun; Yalk. ib. 982 נפחם). to become angry, defiant. Yalk. Num. 763, v. supra. ↗ expanded
כַּרְכְּמִישָׁא (prob. a. denomin. of כַּרְכְּמִישׁ) lead (plumbum). Targ. Job XIX, 24. Targ. Y. I Num. XXXI, 22. ↗ expanded
כַּרְכְּמִיתKark’mith, a freed woman. Eduy. V, 6; Ber. 19ᵃ; Sifré Num. 7;—Yalk. Num. 706; Num. R. s. 9 כור׳. Y. Sot. II, end, 18ᵇ כור׳ תוכיח let the case of K. come in as evidence. ↗ expanded
כַּרְכַּס (b. h.) pr. n. m. Carcas, one of the seven attendants of King Ahasuerus. Esth. R. to I, 10 (interpret. by way of acrostics) [read:] זׄתׄרׄ וכׄרׄכׄס זׄנותׄ רְ֗אֵה של אותו רשע וְכָרְכֵם (the Lord said to the angel) see the profligacy of this wicked man, and tie them (like sheaves for threshing; v. Matt. K. a. l.); v. כרכסין. ↗ expanded
כַּרְכָּסָא form of preced. Esth. R. to I, 10 (an objection to the interpretation וכָרְכֵם (v. preced.), because of ignoring the ס) כ׳ כתיב but it is written Carcasa (and not Carcam). ↗ expanded
כרכסין , read: כֵּרוּכְסִין (ἐκήρυξεν, sub. ὁ κῆρυξ; cmp. בריכסון) it has been announced. Esth. to I, 10 (ref. to זׄתׄרׄ וכׄרׄכס, v. כַּרְכַּס) לשון יוני הוא היך מה דאת אמר כ׳ Carcas it a Greek expression (‘see the profligacy … and publish it’, κήρυσσε) as you say ἐκήρυξεν, proclamation has been made. ↗ expanded
כִּרְכֵּר (Pilp. of כרר, v. כָּרָה) to go around, go about; [b. h. to dance]. Gen. R. s. 20, a. e., v. כִּרְכּוּר. to finish by designing circles, emblazon. Ḥull. 25ᵇ, v. כִּרְכֵּב. to form a circle in order to make an announcement. Pesik. R. s. 21 למלך שהיה עומד ומְכַרְכֵּר על וכ׳ like a king standing and gathering a circle around him at the entrance of his palace; כך … כשעמד ומכ׳ על הר סיני so the Lord when he stood addressing a meeting on Mount Sinai. ↗ expanded
כַּרְכָּר (preced.) whorl of the spindle (vorticulus), also shuttle (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Tela). Sabb. VIII, 6 (81ᵃ) ראש הכ׳ (Y. ed. a. Mish. Pes. הכרכד, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) the top of the whorl; Y. ib. XVII, 16ᵇ. Bab. ib. 123ᵃ תוחכין בכוש או בכ׳ (Ms. M. בכַרְכִּיר) you stick it up with a reed or a whorl; Y. l. c. top. Tosef. ib. IX (X) 10; Sabb. 92ᵇ; Sifra Vayikra, Ḥobah, ch. IX, Par. 7, v. לָגַז. Sifré Deut. 96; Ab. Zar. III, 9 (49ᵇ) נטל הימנה כ׳ Ms. M. (ed. כַּרְכּוֹר, Var. כִּירְכּוּר, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) if one took from it (the Asherah) a piece to use it as a shuttle; a. fr. [turner,] a rod used for shaking olives down. Y. Peah VII, 20ᵃ ברכר, ברכרה, read: כַּרְכָּר, כַּרְכָּרָה (f.), v. מחֲבֵא a. מַחֲבוֹא. ↗ expanded
*כַּרְכָּר ch. as preced. 1. Y. Shek. IV, 48ᵇ bot. שבטא דכדכד ביניהן (Bab. ed. דכדכדא, corr. acc.) the staff of the shuttle (the cane which brings the threads of the web into their place [arundo]), is between them, i.e. there is a great difference between them (cmp. ‘stamen secernit arundo’, Ovid M. 6, 55). ↗ expanded
כִּרְכְּרָן (v. כִּרְכֵּר) dances, rejoicing. Targ. Is. LXVI, 20 בכ׳ ותושבחן (missing in ed. Lag.; h. text בכרכרות, cmp. Targ. II Sam. VI, 14 שבח for h. כרכר) with dances and songs of praise. ↗ expanded
כַּרְכֵּשׁ (reduplic. of כרש, v. כְּרוֹשְׁיָיתָא a. כֶּרֶסto hollow out, v. כַּרְכּוּשְׁתָּא, כַּרְכְּשָׁא. (cmp. b. h. קרס) to bend, bow.—רישא(ב) כ׳ to nod assent. Erub. 65ᵇ כ׳ … רישיה R. nodded &c. Nidd. 42ᵃ כ׳ ליה ברישיה showed his approval of it by nodding; B. Bath. 143ᵃ top. ↗ expanded
כַּרְכְּשָׁא (כַּרְכֵּשׁ I) large intestines, great-gut and rectum). Sabb. 82ᵃ [read with Rashi:] האי כ׳ … יתיב (or with Ms. O. כַּרְכַּשְׁתָּא … יתבא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) the rectum is supported by three teeth-like glands. Ib. שיני דכרכשתא the glands of &c. Gitt. 57ᵃ; Ber. 62ᵇ שמטיה לכַרְכְּשֵׁיה he dropped his gut (from fright). Ḥull. 49ᵇ חיטי דכ׳ the fat glands surrounding the large intestines. Ib. 113ᵃ כ׳ ומעייא great-gut and (small) intestines. ↗ expanded
כַּרְכַּשְׁתָּא 1 (כַּרְכֵּשׁ II) the shepherd’s bell. B. Kam. 52ᵃ (expl. משכוכית) כ׳ Ms. M. (Ms. R. כרכוש׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; ed. קרק׳). ↗ expanded
כַּרְכַּשְׁתָּא 2 (כַּרְכֵּשׁ I) = כַּרְכְּשָׁא q. v. (cmp. כְּרוֹשְיָיתָא) tufts, tassels (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. Fimbriae). B. Mets. 7ᵃ דתפיסי בכ׳ (Ms. R. 2 בכרשתא, corrected into בכרדשתא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 60) both taking hold of the fringes of the cloth (which they claim as finders). ↗ expanded
כְּרַכְתָּא (כְּרַךְ) a plantation fenced in from all sides. B. Mets. 22ᵇ (Ms. R. 1 כַּרְכָאתָא pl.; Ms. M. כרארכת׳, corr. acc., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). ↗ expanded
כָּרַם (v. כָּרָה) to surround, cut off. Denom. כֶּרֶם, כַּרְמְלִית, כַּרְכּוֹם II. to pile up. Kel. XXIII, 4 the washer’s chair שהוא כוֹרֵם עליו את הכלים (ed. Dehr. כּוֹרֵס) upon which he piles the clothes (to press them); Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. II, 9 שמוכרין ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. שמוכרים, read: שכּוֹרְמִ׳); Sabb. 88ᵇ (play on כרמי עין גדי Cant. I, 14) עון גדי שכָּרַמְתִּי לי וכ׳ the guilt of the kid (= golden calf; oth. opin. גַּדִּי the idol Gad) which I piled (stored up) for me (for future punishment). Ib. מאי … כרמי לישנא דמכניש הוא (Ms. M. כרם … דמכמש, Ms. O. דמכבש, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) what evidence is there that the word Kerem has the meaning of gathering (or of pressing, preserving)?—Answ. (by ref. to Kel. l. c.) שכּוֹרְמִים עליו את הכלים. to cover, paint, v. כְּרוּם, כַּרְכּוֹם I.—[Tosef. Men. IX, 10 וכורמין Var., v. כָּמַר.] ↗ expanded
כֶּרֶםpreced.) [enclosure,] plantation, esp. vineyard. Ber. 35ᵃ, a. e. כ׳ זית איקרי כ׳ סתמא לא אקרי an orchard of olive trees is called kerem zayith, but not plain kerem. Ib. (ref. to Maas. Sh. V, 1 sq., a. fr.) חד תני כ׳ רבע … נטע רבעי one authority reads everywhere a kerem of the fourth year’s crop, the other nʾtʿa (plantation) &c. Lev. R. s. 32 (play on כְּרֻם, Ps. XII, 9) כַּרְמָן של ממזרים the plantation (genealogy, cmp. יִחוּס) of the bastards. Peah VII, 6. Kil. IV, 1, v. קָרַחַת; a. v. fr.—Trnsf. circle of scholars, college, esp. כ׳ ביבנה the college of R. Johanan b. Zaccai in Jamnia (v. יַבְנֶה). Keth. IV, 6; B. Bath. 131ᵇ; Y. Ber. IV, 7ᵈ top; a. fr.—[Ber. 63ᵇ כ׳ ביבנה for which Cant. R. to II, 5: אוּשָׁא.]—Pl. כְּרָמִים. Men. VIII, 6 (86ᵇ) כ׳ העבודים carefully cultivated vineyards (dug over twice a year); a. e.—בֵּית כֶּרֶם pr. n. pl. Beth-Kerem. Nidd. II, 7 בקעת ב׳ כ׳ the valley of Beth K. (whose soil was red); Tosef. ib. III, 11. ↗ expanded
כְּרָם Targ. Ex. XXII, 4; a. fr.—B. Mets. 104ᵃ; B. Bath. 7ᵃ if one says (כרם) כרמא אני מוכר לך וכ׳ ‘I sell thee a vineyard’, although there are no vines in it &c.; והוא דמתקרי כ׳ provided the property goes by the name of vineyard (Karma); a. fr.—Yeb. 42ᵇ ממתניתן דכ׳ וכ׳ he changed his opinion on account of what had been taught in the college (at Jamnia), v. preced.—[Yeb. 121ᵃ בכרמא, v. כַּרְמִי.]—Pl. כַּרְמִין, כַּרְמַיָּא, כַּרְמֵי. Targ. Deut. VI, 11. Targ. Jud. XV, 5. Targ. Koh. II, 4 כ׳ ביבנה schools, (v. preced.); a. fr.—Y. Kil. IV, beg. 29ᵃ, v. next w.—Succ. 44ᵇ, v. קַשְׁקֵשׁ. ↗ expanded
כַּרְמִיCarmi in Babylonia. Yeb. 121ᵃ דאטבע בכ׳ וכ׳ (Ar. בכרמא) a man that was drowned at C. and whose body was found &c. ↗ expanded
כַּרְמֶל v. כֶּרֶם) a well-cultivated plot; whence (sub. גרש) (grist of) early ripened and tender barley. Men. 66ᵇ; Sifra Vayikra, N’dabah, ch. XIV, Par. 13 (ref. to Lev. II, 14). כׄרׄמׄלׄ רׄךׄ ומׄלׄ soft yet brittle; Y. Sabb. I, 2ᵈ bot. [read:] רך מל לא לח וכ׳ soft yet brittle, neither green nor dry, but between the two. Sifra l. c.; Men. l. c. (another explan.) כׄרׄ מׄלׄא rounded and full. pr. n. Carmel; (prob. everywhere) Mount Carmel. Y. Succ. III, 53ᵈ כשעוה וכשושנת כ׳ of the color of wax or of the lily of Carmel (v. יְרַקְרַק); (Tosef. Neg. I, 5 כשעוה וכקורמל, Var. וכקורמן; R. S. to Neg. XI, 4 וכקורמין).—Y. Ber. I, 2ᵇ bot. ראש הר הכ׳; Sabb. 35ᵃ ראש הכ׳ (Ms. M. ראש הר הכ׳) the summit of M. C. Gen. R. s. 99; Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 5 (alluding to Jer. XLVI, 18) תבור … וכ׳ מאספמיא Tabor came (to the desert for the law-giving) from Beth-Elim and C. from Ispamia; Meg. 29ᵃ ↗ expanded
כַּרְמְלִי (sub. יין; v. preced.) Carmel wine. Tosef. Nidd. III, 11 [read:] היין השרוני הדומה לכ׳ חי ולא מזוג חדש ולא ישן Sharon wine (mixed) which resembles in color the Carmel wine pure but not mixed, new &c.; Nidd. 21ᵃ ↗ expanded
כַּרְמְלִית (v. כֶּרֶם) a marked off plot in a public thoroughfare, in gen. an area which cannot be classified either as private ground (רשות היחיד) or as public ground(רשות הרבים). Y. Sabb. XI, 13ᵃ כל המעכב … נקרא כ׳ whatever obstructs the public road is called karm’lith. Tosef. ib. I, 1; Sabb. 6ᵃ, v. רָשׁוּת. Ib. אבל … ואיסטוונית והכ׳ but the sea, the valley, the colonnade and the carm’lith; expl. ib. 7ᵃ קרן זוית הסמוכה לרה"ר a corner plot adjoining the public road; a. fr.—Pl. כַּרְמְלִיּוֹת. Y. ib. XI, end, 13ᵇ ↗ expanded
כָּרֶמֶת (denom. of כֶּרֶם) vines trained over the wall of the vineyard. Tosef. Men. IX, 10 לא מן הכ׳ וכ׳ (Var. הכדמת) neither from vines trained over the wall nor from those trained on espaliers, v. דָּלִית. ↗ expanded
כְּרָן , constr. כְּרַן (v. כרי, cmp. קרן) roundness, fullness, essence; כ׳ יומאthe very day (h. עצם היום). Targ. Ez. XXIV, 2. Targ. Lev. XXIII, 28; a. fr. [Naḥm. to Lev. l. c. quotes a version קְרַן.] ↗ expanded
כֶּרֶס [bag,] stomach, belly. Taan. 26ᵃ top על נפש … וכ׳ מלאה when the appetite is satisfied and the stomach filled. Sabb. 151ᵇ (ref. to Koh. XII, 6) זה הכ׳ ‘the pitcher is broken’, that means the stomach. Ib. לאחר שלשה … כְּרֵיסוֹ נבקעת וכ׳ three days after burial one’s stomach bursts open … saying (to the mouth), Take what thou hast put into me; Koh. R. to l. c.; Y. Yeb. XVI, 15ᶜ bot.; Gen. R. s. 100. Keth. 16ᵃ, a. fr. כְּרֵיסָהּ בין שיניה her belly extends to her teeth, i.e. she cannot deny her pregnancy. Koh. R. to VII, 8 [read:] היה מפעפע בכְרֵיסָהּ כאריסה וכ׳ burned in her stomach like the venom of &c.; [Y. Snh. X, 28ᵈ top ככריסה, v. חֲכִינָה]; a. fr.—Esp. the stomach of ruminants, maw. Ḥull. III, 1 הכ׳ הפנימית the inner stomach, expl. ib. 50ᵇ כל הכ׳ כולו … ואיזהו כ׳ החיצון וכ׳ (masc. !) the whole maw is called the inner stomach, and the outer stomach is the flesh (muscle) which covers the largest portion of the stomach; ib. (another opinion) טפח בוושט סמון לכ׳ וכ׳, corrected; טפח בכ׳ סמוך לוושט one handbreadth of the stomach where it joins the gullet is called the inner stomach; [oth. defin., v. אִסְתּוֹמְכָא, דִּיבָא a. מֵילַת].—Pl. כְּרֵיסוֹת. Succ. 21ᵇ שכְּרֵיסוֹתֵיהֶן רחבות whose bellies are broad (projecting further than the rider’s body; Tosef. Par. III (II), 2 שכְּרֵיסָן רחבה). ↗ expanded
כַּרְסָא , also womb. Targ. Y. Num. V, 21. Targ. Y. Lev. IV, 8 (O. גַּוָּא; h. text קֶרֶב). Targ. Job XXXI, 18; a. fr.—Ḥull. 50ᵇ v. אִסְתּוֹמְכָא. Ib. נפל כ׳ בבירא the stomach fell into the well, i.e. your definition of the ‘inner stomach’ is of no value. Gen. R. s. 70 (prov.) כ׳ טענא רגליא the stomach carries the feet, i.e. cheerful prospects lend physical energy; Yalk. ib. 123. Gitt. 12ᵃ דנהום כַּרְסֵיה לא שוי (Ar. דנהם כריסא) who is not worth the bread he eats; B. Kam. 97ᵃ. Koh. R. to XI, 9 כְּרֵיסֵיה דהאי גברא קומך בזעה this man’s (my) stomach is before thee, cut it open (I cannot pay for my meal); Pesik. Shub., p. 164ᵇ הא כ׳ … בזעיה (masc.); a. fr.—Yeb. 65ᵇ bot. איכו ילדת לי חדא כ׳ אחריתי Oh that you would bear unto me one more issue of the womb!—Gen. R. s. 68 מני … בכ׳ דביתך (= h. בקרב ביתך) count twenty beams in the inner chamber of thy house; (Y. Maas. Sh. IV, 55ᵇ bot. גו בייתיך).—Pl. כְּרֵי סַיָּא (m.); כְּרֵיסַן, כַּרְסָתָא. Targ. Y. Num. V, 22 (not כְּרִיסָן). Targ. Ps. XVII, 14.—Keth. 103ᵃ תרתי כ׳ לית לה she has not two stomachs (double alimentation is of no use to her). ↗ expanded
כָּרְסָוָון , f. pl. (v. preced.) upholstered seats, satirical expression for stoutness. Lev. R. s. 34 חמי כ׳ see (that beggar’s) fat body! (Yalk. Lev. 665 ערפין). ↗ expanded
כַּרְסָנָאCarsana. Y. Shebi. IX, 39ᵃ אילין דבית ברסנה (corr. acc.) those of the family (or school) of C.—Y. Erub. III, 21ᵃ bot.; V, 22ᵈ, a. e. ר׳ שמעון בר כ׳. Y. Dem. III, 23ᵇ bot. בר בר סנא (corr. acc.). [Fr. M’bo, p. 129ᵇ: Carsana, pr. n. pl., fr. which כּוּרְסָאיֵי.] ↗ expanded
כַּרְסֶפֶת (cmp. כַּרְזְבָא) a species of locusts. Ḥull. 65ᵇ (Var. in Ar. כַּרְפֶּסֶת, כרסנית). ↗ expanded
כַּרְסָתָן (denom. of כַּרְסָא) large-bellied, stout. Ḥull. 60ᵃ שור כ׳ וכ׳ an ox (in order to fetch a high price) must be stout, have large hoofs &c. ↗ expanded
כָּרַעto bow, bend the knee. Ber. 12ᵃ כשהוא כוֹרֵעַ וכ׳ when bowing in prayer, one must bow at the word barukh, opp. זָקַף. Ib. 34ᵇ; Y. ib. I, 3ᶜ bot. (interch. with שחה); a. v. fr. Hif. הִכְרִיעַto cause to kneel; to subdue; to humiliate, sadden. Gen. R. s. 65; Yalk. Gen. 114 אני מַכְרִיעַ את אוהבי I shall sadden my friend. Gen. R. s. 75, beg., v. כָּרַח. Gen. R. s. 67 מה אני מכריע וכ׳ (Yalk. ib. 116 מַעֲכִיר) why shall I sadden my father? to put the knee of the balance down; to overbalance; to outweigh. Y. Peah I, 16ᵇ bot. הזכיות מַכְרִיעוֹת the good deeds overbalance (the sins). Ab. II, 8 מַכְרִיעַ את כלם outweighs them all. B. Bath. V, 11 חייב להַכְרִיעַ לו טפח (weighing a litra of meat or more) he must allow the scale (which contains the meat) to sink one handbreadth lower than the scale of weights, i.e. he must give overweight, opp. עיין to weigh exactly. Ib. 89ᵃ שקול לי … והַכְרִיעָהּ weigh for me each litra for itself and give me the legal overweight on it; a. fr.—Y. Sabb. I, 3ᶜ bot. הַכְרַע עליו כסף put money to it in the balance (bribe him). Gen. R. s. 80 כמה ממון ה׳ how much money he put in the balance (paid for it).—Trnsf. to cast the deciding vote, to decide. Tosef. Ḥull. VII, 1; Ḥull. 90ᵇ; Pes. 83ᵇ הדעת מַכְרַעַת reason decides, v. דַּעַת. Y. Keth. II, 26ᵇ; Y. Yeb. X, 10ᵈ bot. הדעת מכרעת בעידי מיתה (not לידי) reason decides in favor of trusting the witnesses testifying to the death of a person. to keep the balance; trnsf. to harmonize two contrary opinions, to compromise. Sifra introd. שני כתובים המכחישים … ויַכְרִיעַ ביניהם when two Biblical verses contradict each other, you must not draw any conclusions until a third verse is found which harmonizes them. Ib. end (ref. to Ex. XIX, 20 a. Deut. IV, 36) הכ׳ השלישי a third passage (Ex. XX, 22) harmonizes (that the Lord lowered the heavens so as to make them rest on Mount Sinai); Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod. s. 9. Sifré Num. 58.—Kidd. 24ᵇ המַכְרִיעִים לפני חכמים the harmonizers arguing before the scholars. Sabb. 39ᵇ כל מקום … ואחד מכריע הלכה כדברי המכ׳ whenever you find two scholars differing and one compromising, the practice follows the opinion of the compromiser; a. fr.—V. הֶכְרַע, הַכְרָעָה. ↗ expanded
כְּרַעto bow, bend the knee. Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 26 (Y. גחן). Targ. II Esth. III, 2; a. e.—Y. Ber. II, 5ᵃ bot. הוא כ׳ מגרמיה it (the head) bowed spontaneously. (of the balance) to sink, outweigh. Targ. Y. Ex. I, 15. to decide by majority. Targ. Y. Deut. XXV, 1 (v. Snh. 10ᵃ). Af. אַכְרַעto sadden. Targ. Jud. XI, 35. to weigh. Pesik. B’shall., p. 82ᵃ באכרעתא דאַכְרְעוּן וכ׳, v. אַכְרַעְתָּא. Ithpe. אִתְכְּרעto be weighed. Ib. ↗ expanded
כֶּרַע c. (b. h.; [hollow, cmp. בֶּרֶךְ,] knee, leg. Zeb. VIII, 5 כַּרְעוֹ של וכ׳ the leg of one of them (Talm. ed. 77ᵇ כרעים du.). Kel. XVIII, 7 כ׳ שהיתה וכ׳ a knee-shaped piece of wood which became unclean … and which one fastened to a bedstead; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. IX, 3. Ib. VIII, 8 כ׳ שפרש וכ׳ a leg of a bedstead which was taken off with the longside &c.; a. e.—Du. כְּרָעַיִם, כְּרָעַיִים; pl. כְּרָעִים, כְּרָעִין. Tam. IV, 2. Zeb. VIII, 5. Succ. 15ᵇ, v. אֲרוּכָה. Cant. R. to VII, 3 מה כרס … והכ׳ וכ׳ as the belly is bounded by the heart (chest) on the one, and the legs on the other. Kel. XVIII, 5; Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. VIII, 5; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כַּרְעָא Ber. 7ᵃ קאי אחד כ׳ stands on one leg. Men. 34ᵃ; Yoma 11ᵇ כי עקר איניש כַּרְעֵיה וכ׳ when a person starts to walk, he moves his right leg first. Ib. 78ᵃ הוה כאיב לי כַּרְעָאִי my leg was hurting me. Ib. גבא דכ׳ הוה I mean the upper portion of the leg. Kidd. 49ᵃ מסאנא דרב מכַּרְעָאִי וכ׳ I want no shoe larger than my foot, i.e. I want no husband too high in rank.—Sabb. 104ᵃ כַּרְעֵיה דגימ"ל, דדל"ת the foot of the letter Gimmel, … Daleth; a. fr.—Pl. כְּרָעַיָּא, כַּרְעִין. Targ. O. Lev. I, 13 (Y. ריגלי). Ib. 9 כְּרָעוֹהִי. Targ. Am. III, 12; a. e.—Y. Shek. V, 49ᵃ bot. חמון כ׳ look at these legs (how fat); Y. Bicc. III, 65ᶜ bot.; Lev. R. s. 34; Yalk. ib. 665; Koh. R. to V, 13.—Ab. Zar. 38ᵇ עד טופרי דכְרָעַיְיהוּ to the nails of their feet; a. fr.—Y. Maas. Sh. IV, end, 55ᶜ כּוּרְעָתָא דערסא legs of the bed. ↗ expanded
כרפוונה , Y. Kil. I, 27ᵃ top (ref. to פול הלבן Mish. ib. I, 1; Ar. ספרווה, R. S. to Kil. l. c. מרשיא) corrupt. of a probably Greek name for white beans. ↗ expanded
כַּרְפַּס 1 cmp. κάρπασος, carbasus, Sanscrit carpâsa cotton) fine linen. Esth. R. to I, 6, expl. קַרְפָּסִינוֹן. Meg. 12ᵃ, v. כַּר. ↗ expanded
כַּרְפַּס 2 (cmp. כְּרוּב II, כְּרַף) an umbelliferous plant, celery, parsley. Shebi. IX, 1 כ׳ שבנהרות (Y. ed. Krot. כוסבר, corr. acc.) water-parsley, expl. Y. ib. 38ᶜ פיטרוסילינון (πετροσέλινον), contrad. to garden-parsley; Succ. 39ᵇ (Rashi: cress, or ‘apium’, parsley). Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ; a. e.—[Tosef. Kil. I, 1 הכוסבר והכ׳ (ed. Zuck. והכרקם, v. כַּרְכּוֹם I.]. ↗ expanded
כַּרְפְּסָא 2 ch. = h. כַּרְפַּס II. Ab. Zar. 28ᵃ כ׳ בטילא parsley put in strong wine. Ib. 38ᵇ ביזרא דכ׳ parsley-seed. Keth. 61ᵃ.—[Tosef. Kil. III, 12 והכרפסא ed. Zuck., Var. והרִכְפָּא.] ↗ expanded
כַּרְשִׁינָה 1 (cmp. כְּרֵישָׁה) a porraceous plant.—בורית כ׳ an alkaline solution of carshina. Ker. 6ᵃ; Y. Yoma IV, 41ᵈ.—Pl. כַּרְשִׁינִים, כַּרְשִׁינִין. Sabb. I, 5 (17ᵇ) אין שורין … וכ׳ אלא וכ׳ (shortly before Sabbath) we must not lay in ink-material, … or alkaline plants; [comment. refer to next w.]. ↗ expanded
כַּרְשִׁינָה 2 (cmp. כַּרְשִׁינָא I) a species of vetch, prob. horse-bean, rarely used as human food. Bekh. VI, 1 (37ᵃ) ניקבה מלא כ׳ if there is a hole in the ear lap of the size of a carshinah; Bekh. 37ᵇ, expl. הינדא; Tosef. ib. IV, 1. Y. Kidd. I, 59ᵈ top פחות מן הכ׳ less than the size of &c.; a. e.—Pl. כַּרְשִׁינִים, כַּרְשִׁינִין. B. Mets. 90ᵃ. Ḥall. IV, 9, a. fr. כַּרְשִׁינֵי תרומה beans set aside for the priest’s share. Maas. Sh. II, 4; Tosef. ib. II, 1. Y. Ḥall. IV, 60ᵇ אימתי גזרו על הכ׳ (contrad. to בִּיקְיָא) when was the law declaring carshinah subject to T’rumah enacted?—Answ. בימי רעבון in days of famine (when it served as human food). Esth. R. to I, 14 (play on כׄרׄשׄנׄא, ib.) אני בוזק לפניהם כׄרׄשׁינׄין ומשׄירן מן העולם I shall crush vetch (to be placed) before them (send a famine compelling them to eat vetch) and make them fall off (fade away) from the world. Y. Maas. Sh. II, 53ᶜ קל … בכרשיני (read: בכרשינין) they made the law concerning carsh. less stringent. Ib. עיסה של כ׳ a dough made of c.—Meïl. III, 6 כרשיני הקדש; Tosef. ib. I, 21 כַּרְשִׁנֵּי ed. Zuck. (some ed. כר שני, corr. acc.), v. הֶקְדֵּשׁ; a. fr.—Koh. R. to VI, 1 כַּרְשִׁנִּים בפלפלין he who puts vetch into pepper; (Tosef. B. Bath. V, 6 כּוּסְבֶּרֶת). ↗ expanded
כָּרַתto cut. Num. R. s. 16 ונקרא אשכול … לִכְרוֹת וכ׳ and he (Abraham’s ally) was named Eshkol (Cluster), on account of the cluster of grapes which the Israelites were destined to cut in his home.—Esp. to cut genitals, mutilate. Bekh. 33ᵇ נותק אחר כּוֹרֵת, v. נָתַק.—Part. pass. כָּרוּת. Ib.; a. fr.—כְּ׳ שפכה one that is mutilated at his membrum, v. שָׁפַךְ. Tosef. Yeb. XI, 2. Yeb. VIII, 2; a. fr. [to draw a circle, place outside, cmp. meanings of חרם, ברי,] to cut off, excommunicate, v. כָּרֵת. Y. Bicc. II, beg. 64ᶜ; Y. Snh. XI, 30ᵇ צא … עונשין וכוֹרְתִים deduct twenty years up to which age the divine court neither punishes nor decrees excision. to separate, divorce; to make final. Gitt. 21ᵇ; Succ. 24ᵇ (ref. to Deut. XXIV, 3) ספר כּוֹרְתָהּ וכ׳ the delivery of the deed divorces her and nothing else does. Ib. דבר הכּוֹרֵת בינו לבינה something (a condition) which (if fulfilled) severs definitely the connection between him and her (e.g. a condition that she will drink no wine for the next thirty days, after the lapse of which time the letter of divorce takes its effect retroactively, opp. to a condition that she will abstain from wine all the rest of her life in which case the letter of divorce cannot take effect).—Part. pass. כָּרוּתdefinite. Y. Gitt. VII, 48ᵈ כגט כ׳ הוא it is like a final divorce (taking effect immediately); Y. B. Bath. VIII, 16ᶜ top כ׳ הוא. Y. Gitt. III, 44ᵈ top; IX, 50ᵇ bot. זה כ׳ לשמה ווה כ׳ לשמה (not זו) this letter was definitely made out for this woman, and so was the other for the other woman. Ib. III, beg. 44ᶜ אלא שלא הי׳ לה כ׳ … ראשונה (strike out לה); a. fr.—3) to decide, make final. Ber. 4ᵃ; Snh. 16ᵇ (ref. to כְּרֵתִי as a symbolical name for the Urim and Tummim, or for the Sanhedrin) שכּוֹרְתִים את דבריהם they give definite and precise decisions; Midr. Till. to Ps. III כּוֹרְתֵי כריתות, v. כְּרִיתָה; a. e.—כ׳ בְּרִית (v. בְּרִית) to covenant, make a firm promise. Gen. R. s. 44 כָּרַתָּ ב׳ עם וכ׳ thou hast promised to Noah that thou wilt not destroy his descendants; Yalk. Gen. 76 כָּרַתָּה.—Part. pass. כָּרוּת, f. כְּרוּתָה. M. Kat. 18ᵃ, a. fr. ברית כ׳ לשפתים, v. בְּרִית. R. Hash. 17ᵇ ב׳ כ׳ לי"ג מדזת וכ׳ there is a solemn insurance given that the invocation of the thirteen divine attributes (Ex. XXXIV, 6, sq.) will never be without effect (ref. to Ex. XXXIV, 10).—Trnsf. ב׳ כ׳it is a necessity, unavoidable. Nidd. 58ᵇ ב׳ כ׳ לו שכל וכ׳ whoever crushes it cannot help smelling it. Nif. נִכְרַתto be cut, mutilated. Yeb. VIII, 2 (expl. כרות שפכה, Deut. XXIII, 2) כל שנ׳ הגיד when the membrum is mutilated. Ib. 75ᵇ נִכְרְתוּ ביצים when the testicles are cut out; a. fr.—2) to be covenanted. Sot. 37ᵇ שלא נִכְרְתוּ עליה וכ׳ upon which were not closed forty eight covenants; Tosef. ib. VIII, 11; a. fr. to be cut off, destroyed. Y. Peah I, 15ᵈ bot. (ref. to Num. XV, 31) מלמד שהנפש נִכְרָתָה ועונה בה which intimates that (the idolater’s) soul is cut off (through premature death, כָּרֵת), while her guilt remains with her (unexpiated by death); Snh. 64ᵇ (ref. to the emphasized expression הכרת תכ׳, Num. l. c.) הִכָּרֵת בעו"הז וכ׳hiccareth refers to this world &c.; a. fr.—Verbal noun הִיכָּרֵת, v. כָּרֵת. Hif. הִכְרִיתto destroy, exterminate. Tanḥ. R’eh 7 והַכְרִיתֵם and exterminate them. Ib. כשיַכְרִית וכ׳ when the Lord … shall have destroyed …, you will enter. Tosef. Snh. IV, 5 להַכְרִית זרעו וכ׳ to exterminate the seed of Amalek; a. fr. Pi. כֵּרֵתto doom to destruction. Arakh. 15ᵇ שכבר כֵּרְתוֹ וכ׳ for David has doomed him &c. (ref. to Ps. XII, 4); Yalk. Lev. 559. ↗ expanded
כְּרַת , esp. to separate, divorce. Gitt. 21ᵇ, a. fr. עידי מסירה כַּרְתֵי it is the witnesses of delivery (in whose presence the deed of divorce is handed to the wife) that effect the divorce (and the signature of the witnesses is unessential); opp. to עידי חתימה כרתי it is the signing witnesses &c.—Imper. כְּרוֹת (only in) כ׳ גיטאmake the divorce final, definite (v. preced.). Ib. 9ᵃ היינו טעמא משום דלאו כ׳ ג׳ היא the reason (that the manumission of the slave is not lawful) is because the form was not in compliance with the rule, ‘make the divorce definite’; B. Bath. 150ᵇ ↗ expanded
כָּרֵת (= הִכָּרֵת, v. כָּרַתNif.) excommunication, extermination; (in Talm. law) divine punishment through premature or sudden death, opp. to מיתה בידי אדם capital punishment. Snh. 60ᵇ זובח … כ׳ הוא is not slaughtering consecrated animals outside of the Temple punishable with extinction?, opp. קטלא death by execution. M. Kat. 28ᵃ מת בחמשים שנה זו היא מיתת כ׳ if one dies at the age of fifty, that is death of divine visitation; Y. Bicc. II, beg. 64ᶜ בהִיכָּרֵת; Treat. S’maḥ. III, 8 בהִכָּרֵת. Ib. 10 וכי מה מודיענו שמיתתם בהכרת what is there to indicate that they died by divine visitation?; Y. l. c. 64ᵈ top שהוא בהיכרת.—M. Kat. l. c. נפקי לי מכ׳ I have escaped the punishment of kareth (being sixty years old). Ib. כ׳ דשני the kareth of years, premature death; כ׳ דיומי the k. of days, sudden death. Ḥull. 31ᵃ עון כ׳ a transgression punishable with k., opp. איסור מיתה. Macc. III, 15 (23ᵃ) נפטרו מידי כְּרֵיתָן Ms. M. (ed. ידי כְּרִיתָתָם) are released from k. (which would otherwise await them). Ib. 13ᵇ ולמה יצאת כ׳ באחותו why is the punishment of k. specifically mentioned with reference to incest with a sister (Lev. XX, 17, being included in Lev. XVIII, 29)?—Gen. R. s. 28 (ref. to כְּרֵתִים, Zeph. II, 5, v. Targ. a. l.) גוי שהוא ראוי כ׳ a nation deserving extermination; (Yalk. Zeph. 567 ראוי לִיכָּרֵת); a. v. fr.—Pl. כְּרִיתוֹת (fr. כְּרִיתָה). Ker. I, 1 שלשים ושש כ׳ בתורה there are thirty six transgressions mentioned in the Torah as (eventually) punishable with kareth. Macc. III, 15, a. fr. חייבי כ׳ those on whose transgressions the penalty of k. is pronounced; a. fr.—K’rithoth, a treatise of the Mishnah, Tosefta, and Talmud Babli, of the Order of Kodashim. ↗ expanded
כְּרֵתִי (b. h.) gent. n. K’rethi, Cherethi; (collect.) the body-guard of David; (homilet.) the Sanhedrin (or Urim and Tummim). Ber. 4ᵃ, v. כָּרַת. Midr. Till. to Ps. III, V. כְּרִיתָה; a. e.—Pl. כְּרֵתִיִּים. Men. 28ᵇ כמין תפוחי הכ׳ ed. (ed. Ven., a. oth., and Ar. הבִּרְתִּיִּים) the shape of the apples of the K’rethiim (Cretans?); ib. 63ᵃ הכ׳ Ms. R. 2 (ed. הברתים), v. בִּירְתִית. ↗ expanded
כָּרֵתִי (Hebr. denom. of Ch. ) porraceous (of color), leek-green stuff. Ber. I, 2 (משיכיר) בין תכלת לכ׳ when one can distinguish between blue and green; (Y. ed. כְרֵתָן; Ar. Var. כרתא, כרתה). Succ. III, 6 הירוק ככ׳ (Y. ed. ככרתן) an Ethrog green like a porraceous plant (v. כְּרֵתִינוֹן).—Gitt. 31ᵇ סרבלא דכ׳ a cloak of green wool. ↗ expanded
כָּרָתֵי (v. כָּרֵישָׁה) leek. Targ. Num. XI, 5 ed. Berl. כָּ׳ (oth. ed. כְּ׳; Yarg. Y. II כְּרָתַיָּא, some ed. כְּרַתְיָא; h. text חָצִיר).—Ab. Zar. 10ᵇ שדר ליה כ׳ he (the emperor) sent him leek (symbolically alluding to כרת, ‘my progeny will be cut off’, Rashi). Ker. 6ᵃ; Hor. 12ᵃ. Y. Kil. IV, end, 29ᶜ זרע כרמיה כרתין planted leek in his vineyard. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ ההן דגזז … כ׳ וכ׳ he who cuts (on the Sabbath) coriander …, leek &c. Bab. Sabb. 110ᵇ, v. בַּתְוָוא a. כָּתָא; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּרֵתִינוֹן (a denom. of כְּרֵתָן, כָּרֵתִי, formed after the Greek πράσινον) leek-colored, green. Y’lamd. to Gen. XLIX, 1 quot. in Ar. בין תכלת לצבע כ׳ (Ber. I, 2 לכרתי), v. כָּרֵתִי. Y. Succ. III, 53ᵈ (ref. to Mish. ירוק ככרתן, v. כָּרֵתִי) כהן כ׳ או דדמי להן כרתינין (corr. acc.) does the Mishnah mean exactly as green as leek, or any shade like leek? ↗ expanded
כַּשְׂדִּי , pl.) Chaldean. Meg. 12ᵇ כלי … כשדיי the vessel which I use (my wife) is neither …, but a Chaldean.—Pl.כַּשְׂדִּים, כַּשְׂדִּיִּים. Succ. 52ᵇ. Pesik. R. s. 37 כשנפרע מן הכ׳ when the Lord punished the Chaldeans (Babylonia, v. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCIII, 1).—B. Bath. 15ᵇ. Lam. R. to I, 14 כ׳ קשה the Chaldean government was tyrannical (contrad. to בבל); a. e.—Fem.כַּשְׂדִּית, pl. כַּשְׂדִּיּוֹת. Snh. 92ᵇ ↗ expanded
כָּשׁוֹרָא (כשר; cmp. גִּשְׁרָא) joist, beam, post. Targ. Y. Gen. XIX, 8 (O. שָׁרִיתָא; h. text קֹרָה). Targ. II Kings VI, 2 (ed. Lag. שדי, Var. שרי, כ׳); a. e.—B. Kam. 66ᵇ, v. טְלָלָא. Ib. 11ᵃ, v. זוּזָא I. Hor. 3ᵇ כי היכי דנימטין שיבא מכ׳ in order that each of us may carry off a chip of the beam (that you may share the responsibility with me). Keth. 17ᵃ אין דמיין עלייכי ככ׳ if they (the brides you carry in procession) are on your shoulders like a beam (awaking no sensual desire). Ib. 86ᵇ; B. Kam. 98ᵇ כי כ׳ לצלמי like a beam fit for decorative mouldings (proverbial expression for straight and exact), v. גְּבִי. Kidd. 80ᵇ … מיחברי כ׳ וכ׳ ten persons combine to steal a beam and are not ashamed of one another; a. e.—Pl. כְּשׁוֹרִין, כְּשׁוֹרֵי. Targ. II Chr. XXXIV, 11. Targ. Cant. I, 17 כְּשׁוֹרוֹהִי (some ed. כָּשְׁרוֹהִי); a. e.—Sabb. 67ᵃ ז׳ ציבי מז׳ כ׳ seven chips from seven beams. B. Kam. 96ᵃ גובי ועבדינהו כ׳ if one stole trunks and made them into joists (by trimming). Gitt. 67ᵇ איעסק בכ׳ busied himself with carrying (or trimming) beams; a. e.—Trnsf. lengthy slices of a radish. Sabb. 108ᵇ במערבא מלחי כ׳ כ׳ Ms. M. (ed. כִּישְׁרֵי, Ar. כִּשְׁרֵי, Var. כִּישֵׁי; Alf. פישרי) in Palestine they salt them (on the Sabbath) each slice by itself (just as they are eaten). ↗ expanded
כָּשׁוּת (cmp. כִּישָׁא) tuft, pubescence, fine hairs or fibres. Ukts. II, 1. Mikv. IX, 4 כ׳ של קטן the downy hair growth of a youth before puberty; Tosef. ib. VI, 10 כ׳ של נדיל וכ׳ quot. by R. S. to Mikv. l. c. (ed. כתות) the hair growth of one entering on puberty, about which he cares not.—Esp. (also masc. sub. שער) cuscuta, a parasite growing on shrubs (v. Löw Pfl. p. 230, sq.). Tosef. Kil. I, 11 (Var. קשות), v. הִיזְמָא. Ib. III, 16 כ׳ אינו וכ׳ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. אין); Sabb. 139ᵃ Ms. M. (ed. כישות), v. כִּלְאַיִם. (collect. noun, sub. מיני) cucumbers or melons in an early stage when they are pubescent. Ib. 109ᵃ כ׳ אין בהם משום רפואה pubescent cucumbers or melons are not considered medicinal (in Sabbath law). Ib. כל מיני כ׳ שרו וכ׳ (Ms. O. כישות, Ar. s. v. טרז: קִישׁוּת or קִישׁוֹת q. v.) all kinds of downy plants are permitted (on the Sabbath as not medicinal), except t’ruza, v. טְרוּזָא. ↗ expanded
כָּשׁוּת ² , esp. cuscuta. Erub. 28ᵇ כ׳ נמי מארעא קא רבי וכ׳ cuscuta, too, draws its nourishment from the ground, for behold, as soon as you cut the shrub, the cuscuta on it dies. Sabb. 107ᵇ האי מאן דתלש כ׳ וכ׳ he who tears c. loose from the shrubs &c. Sabb. 139ᵃ כ׳ בכרמא עירבובא cuscuta in a vineyard is a forbidden mixture (v. כִּלְאַיִם). Ib. 109ᵇ bot. אוכליה כ׳ וכ׳ ordered him to eat c. with salt and to run &c. Gitt. 69ᵃ, v. חוּמַרְתָּא.—Ḥull. 47ᵇ דדמיא ככ׳ looking like c. (yellowish).—v. כָּשַׁרְתָּא. ↗ expanded
כַּשִּׁילa carpenter’s tool for chipping, axe. B. Kam. X, 10 ובכ׳ של בעה"ב when working with the axe, the chips belong to the owner, contrad. to מעצד. Ib. 119ᵇ, v. חֲצִינָא.—Pl. כַּשִּׁילִים, כַּשִּׁילִין. Sot. VIII, 6 כ׳ של ברזל iron axes (as a weapon in war). Sifré Deut. 337 כשלים (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כִּשְׁכּוּשׁ (כִּשְׁכֵּשׁ) striking (with the tail). B. Kam. 19ᵇ כ׳ יתירא a more than ordinary habit of knocking about. Ib. כ׳ באמתא Ms. M. (ed. כשכשה באמתה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note), v. כִּשְׁכֵּשׁ. ↗ expanded
כַּשְׁכָּרCashkar, Cascara (v. P. Sm. 1843) in Babylonia. Yoma 10ᵃ אכד זה כ׳ Ms. M. 2 a. Ms. L. (ed. ב׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10) Accad is C. Sabb. 139ᵃ בני ב׳. Gitt. 80ᵇ אסטנדרא דב׳, v. אִסְטַנְדְּרָא. [V. Schr. KAT2, p. 3465 Arku, Nipur, Kiš.] ↗ expanded
כִּשְׁכֵּשׁ (כשש; cmp. גִּשְׁגֵּשׁ) to knock, strike, move to and fro, shake. Bets. 20ᵃ כ׳ להם בזנבה (Ms. M. כ׳ לה) he made for them (in their presence) striking movements with the animal’s tail (making believe it was a female); Y. ib. II, 61ᶜ top התחיל מְכַשְׁכֵּשׁ בזנבה; Y. Ḥag. II, 78ᵃ bot.—Ḥull. II, 6 עד שׁתְּכַשְׁכֵּשׁ בזנבה unless the animal strikes about with its tail (an evidence of vitality). Ib. 38ᵃ top כִּישְׁכְּשָׁה באזנה if it shook its ears (with vital force). Y. B. Kam. II, beg. 2ᵈ; Bab. B. Kam. 19ᵇ כ׳ בזנבה if the beast struck (and did damage) with its tail. Ib. כ׳ באמתה (v. preced.) if she struck (and did damage) with her fore-leg.—V. שִׁכְשֵׁךְ II.—[ (= שִׁכְשֵׁךְ; cmp. גִּעְגֵּעַ) to soothe, pat. Pesik. Zakh. p. 24ᵇ (את) מְכַשְׁכְּשׁוֹ, v. שִׁכְשֵׁךְ I.] ↗ expanded
כַּשְׁכֵּשׁ , to shake, knock about &c. Yoma 84ᵇ ומְכַּשְׁכֵּישׁ ליה באמגוזי Ms. M. (ed. משביש, Var. in Ar. s. v. שבש: מְקַשְׁקֵישׁ) he may rattle nuts for it (to entertain the child). Sabb. 77ᵇ לכַשְׁכּוּשֵׁי בקי Ms. M. (ed. לכַרְכּוּשֵׁי) to chase off gnats by striking (with the tail). ↗ expanded
*כַּשְׂכֵּשׂ (transpos. of שכשך, v. סִכְסֵךְ I) to entangle, catch, confound. Koh. R. to IV, 14 (ref. to בית הסורים ib.) דהוא מְכַשְׂכֵּשׂ לברייתא כמן ביני סריאתא he (the seducer) catches the people like one coming forth from between the bushes; Midr. Till. to Ps. IX. ↗ expanded
כָּשַׁלto strike against, stumble. Lev. R. s. 19 (ref. to Is. XXXV, 3) שהן נראות כאילו כּוֹשְׁלוֹת knees which have the appearance of stumbling (threaten to stumble). Ib. שכְּשַׁלְתֶּם וכ׳ for you have really stumbled (sinned) through your evil deeds. Num. R. s. 16 כְּשַׁלְתֶּם you have stumbled (were discouraged; Tanḥ. Shlaḥ 2 נתרשלתם); a. e.—כּוֹשֵׁל (law) weak, under legal disadvantages (in adapt. of Is. l. c. a. Job IV, 4). Keth. IX, 2 ינתנו לַכּ׳ שבהן let it be given him who is under the greatest disadvantage of all (the claimants being the deceased man’s widow, his creditor and his heirs); expl. ib. 84ᵃ לכ׳ שבראיה to him who is under disadvantage for evidence (whose document is of the latest date); [oth. opin.] לכתובת אשה to the widow, v. חִינָּא; Y. ib. IX, 33ᵃ top לכ׳ שבראיותיו וכ׳ to him who is the weakest as to evidence, e.g. he who loaned without witnesses as against him who has witnesses. Ib. לכ׳ בגופו to him who is in feeble health (and poor). Nif. נִכְשַׁלto be struck, meet with an accident. Mekh. B’shall. s. 2 לא נ׳ אחד וכ׳ not one of them (the Egyptians) met with an accident (was detained) on the road. Y. Sabb. VI, 8ᶜ bot. נ׳ באצבעו got a sore finger; ib. XVI, 15ᶜ top; Lam. R. to IV, 20; a. e. to stumble, fall; to be led to sin. Pesik. Shub., p. 165ᵃ והיו … נִכְשָׁלִין בו and people stumbled over it (the rock); Yalk. Hos. 533. Ib. אדם נ׳ בעכירה if man becomes a victim of sin. Gitt. 43ᵃ אין אדם … אא"כ נ׳ בהן one never gets at the true sense of the words of the Law, except after mistakes; Ḥag. 14ᵃ; Sabb. 120ᵃ.—Ber. 28ᵇ ולא אֶכָּשֵׁל בדבר הלכה and that I may not err against a hălakhah; ולא יִכָּשְׁלוּ וכ׳ nor may my colleagues &c. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXII בשביל … איני נִכְשֶׁלֶת because I am a queen, I shall not come to grief; a. fr. Hif. הִכְשִׁילto cause to stumble, to be an obstruction; to weaken; to cause sin. Y. Shebi. III, end, 34ᵈ a breach in the fence מַכְשֶׁלֶת את הרבים annoying the public (an obstruction to traffic). R. Hash. I, 6 נמצאת מַכְשִׁילָן לע"ל thou wilt make them sin in future cases (by their refraining from going to court); Yoma 77ᵇ שלא תהא מַכְשִׁילָן וכ׳ that thou mayest not cause them to sin (by staying away from college); Kidd. 33ᵃ; Ḥull. 54ᵇ מְכַשְּׁלָן (Pi.).—Ab. Zar. 11ᵇ פיהם הִכְשִׁילָן לרשעים Ms. M. (ed. ה׳ פיהם) their own (ominous) words brought these wicked men to fall; Num. R. s. 18. B. Kam. 16ᵇ; B. Bath. 9ᵇ (ref. to מכשלים, Jer. XVIII, 23) הַכְשִׁילֵם וכ׳ make them stumble by sending them unworthy subjects of charity. Midr. Till. to Ps. XC לעצמי הייתי מַכְשִׁיל I should have injured myself. Pi. כִּישֵּׁל same, v. supra.—2) to weaken, break the force of. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᶜ bot. מְכַשְּׁלוֹ בגבעות (Gen. R. s. 24 מרשלו), v. חָשַׁל. ↗ expanded
כְּשַׁל , Af. אַכְשַׁלto bring to fall. Gitt. 57ᵃ אַכְשְׁלֵיה פומיה לבר וכ׳ his own mouth (his presumptuous prayer) caused Bar-Daroma’s downfall. ↗ expanded
כִּשָּׁלוֹןpreced.) downfall, stumbling, weakness. Ḥag. 14ᵃ; Sabb. 119ᵇ אפי׳ בשעת כִּשְׁלוֹנָהּ וכ׳ even at the period of Jerusalem’s downfall (moral decay) the men of faith did not fail her. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXII (ref. to Prov. XXIV, 16) תכף לכ׳ רעה the evil immediately follows their stumbling (leaving no time to rise). Yalk. Job 897 (ref. to Job IV, 4) היית מנחם כל בעלי כ׳ thou didst console all the afflicted (Tanḥ. Vayishl., ed. Bub. 8 יסורין). ↗ expanded
כָּשַׁף [to whisper, v. Fl. to Levy Talm. Dict. II, p. 459,] to think, devise, v. כּוּשְׁפָּא. Pi. כִּישֵּׁףto charm, practice sorcery (cmp. לָחַשׁ). Snh. 43ᵃ (suppressed in later eds., v. יֵשׁוּ) על שכי׳ והסית וכ׳ because he practiced sorcery and enticed &c. Ib. VII, 4 המְכַשֵּׁף he who practices witchcraft, expl. ib. 11 המכ׳ העושה מעשה וכ׳ he who produces a real effect is guilty, not he who produces an optical delusion, v. אָחַז; a. fr.—V. מְכַשֵּׁף. מְכַשֵּׁפָה. ↗ expanded
כֶּשֶׁף , m., pl. כְּשָׁפִים(b. h.; preced.) sorcery. Ḥull. 7ᵇ (ref. to Deut. IV, 35) אין עוד מלבדו ואפי׳ כ׳ ‘there is none (no power) besides Him’, … not even sorcery (can do anything without the will of God); Snh. 67ᵇ (ed. ואפי׳ לדבר כ׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 2); Yalk. Deut. 828.—Ber. 53ᵃ בנות ישראל מקטרות לכ׳ daughters of Israel (in large places) are suspected of letting incense rise for sorcerous practices. Erub. 64ᵇ בדורות אחרונים … פרוצות בכ׳ in these latter days when daughters of Israel are unrestrained in practicing sorcery. Snh. 67ᵃ מצויות בכ׳ habitually inclined to sorcery, v. כַּשְׁפָּנִית. Y. Kidd. IV, end, 66ᶜ בעלת כ׳ sorceress; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כַּשָּׁףpreced.) sorcerer.—Pl. כַּשָּׁפִים, כַּשָּׁפִין. Ḥull. 7ᵇ; Snh. 67ᵇ למה … כׄשׁפׄים (Ms. M. מכשפים) why are they called kashshafim? מפני שמכֹחישׁין פׄמליא של מעלה because they lessen the power of divine agencies. Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXX, end כשפין (ed. Bub. כַּשְׁפָּנִין; oth. ed. מְכַשְּׁפִין); a. e.—V. מְכַשֵּׁף. ↗ expanded
*כְּשָׁף (supposed to mean) wild plum-tree. Sabb. 23ᵃ שרף כ׳ וכ׳ Ms. M. a. Ar.; copyist’s correction in Ms. M. כטף; ed. קטף) resin of the plum-tree is the best for making ink. ↗ expanded
כָּשְׁפָּאdesign, embroidery, v. כּוּשְׁפָּא. ↗ expanded
כַּשְׁפָּנִית (כָּשַׁף) engaged in, inclined to sorcery. . Y. Snh. VII, 25ᵈ top (ref. to Ex. XXII, 17) (the text speaks only of females) מפני שרוב הנשים כ׳ because most women are inclined to sorcery (Bab. ib. 67ᵃ מצויות בכשפים, v. כֶּשֶׁף). Yoma 83ᵇ נשים כ׳ women engaged in sorcery. Pes. 110ᵃ, v. דִּשְׁתַּיְיהִי. ↗ expanded
כָּשֵׁר 1 [to be well-joined, (cmp. יָפֶה, אֲרִיךְ II),] to be proper, fit, right; to turn out well, to succeed. Y. Ḥall. I, 57ᵇ top החטים שׁכָּשְׁרוּ לשאר וכ׳ wheats which are fit for all other meat offerings; ib. 57ᶜ; Sifra Vayikra, N’dabah, ch. XIV, Par. 13; a. fr.—V. כָּשֵׁר II. Hif. הִכְשִׁיר (ritual, v. (ritual, v. כָּשֵׁר II) to pronounce kasher, to permit. Ḥull. III, 2 ר׳ … מַכְשִׁיר R. pronounces it fit to be eaten, opp. פוסל; a. v. fr. to make fit, to prepare. Ab. VI, 1 מַכְשַׁרְתּוֹ להיות וכ׳ enables him to be righteous &c. Ḥull. 140ᵃ מַכְשִׁיר an offering which makes fit for admission to the Temple or eating sacred food, contrad. to מכפר an offering which procures atonement; Kidd. 57ᵃ, a. e.—Snh. 42ᵇ הוצא … מכשיר ומכפר ‘the carrying outside of the camp’ (Lev. IV, 12; 21) makes the act legal and procures atonement; ib. מכשיר ממכשיר עדיף ליה the analogy between one fitting act and another is preferred.—B. Kam. I, 2 הִכְשַׁרְתִּי את נזקו I have prepared (am responsible for) the damage, v. חוּב. Ib. הכשרתי (ב)מקצת נזקו וכ׳ wherever I am the partial cause of a damage (e.g. by completing a pit to its legally indictable depth), I am as responsible as if I had been the entire author. Gen. R. s. 56 the slaughtering knife is called מַאֲכֶלֶת (causing the eating) לפי שׁמַכְשֶׁרֶת את האוכלים (not שמכשר) because it makes the food fit for eating.—Esp. (with or without לקבל טומאה) to make an object fit for levitical uncleanness (v. Lev. XI, 34; 38). Ḥull. 35ᵇ וכי הדם מַכְשִׁיר … מַכְשֶׁרֶת is it the blood (as a liquid) which fits the meat for uncleanness?; is it not rather the slaughtering (because it makes it ‘an eatable’)?—Ib. 33ᵃ חיבת הקדש מַכְשַׁרְתָּן, v. חִבָּה; ib. 36ᵇ מַכְשַׁרְתָּהּ. Makhsh. VI, 6. Y. Gitt. I, 43ᶜ על מי בצים שאינן מַכְשִׁירִין that the liquid of eggs does not fit for uncleanness; Y. Shebi. VI, 36ᶜ top שאין כשירין (corr. acc.); a. v. fr.—V. הֶכְשֵׁר, מַכְשִׁירִין. Hof. הוּכְשַׁרto be made fit; to be pronounced fit; to be prepared; to be fitted for levitical uncleanness. Yoma 50ᵃ במה ה׳ אהרן וכ׳ through what act is Aaron (a high priest) made fit to enter &c.?—Sabb. 76ᵃ כל שאינו כשר … וה׳ לזה וכ׳ that which is not fit for preservation but appeared fit to this man, and he did preserve it. Ḥull. 22ᵇ הוּכְשְׁרוּ are pronounced fit for sacrifices. Ib. II, 5 הוכשרו בדם they became fit for uncleanness through the blood (flowing out at killing); ה׳ בשחיטה they became fit through the act of slaughtering (v. supra); a. v. fr.—[Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵃ מכושר, read: מב׳, v. בָּשַׂר.] Hithpa. הִתְכַּשֵּׁרto adapt one’s self, to work with zeal and conscientiousness. Koh. R. to V, 11 מִתְכַּשֵּׁר במלאכתו וכ׳ more skilled and zealous in his work than &c. (cmp. זָרִיז). Gen. R. s. 9; a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּשַׁר , to be right, pleasing, fit. Targ. I Sam. XVIII, 20. Targ. Jud. XIV, 3. Targ. Ez. XV, 4; a. fr. Ithpa. אִתְכַּשַּׁר,Ithpe. אִתְכְּשַׁר, אִיכְּשַׁרto be (made) fit &c. (v. preced.Hof.). Targ. Y. Deut. XXIX, 22. Targ. Y. Lev. XI, 2; a. fr.—Gitt. 87ᵃ לִיתְכַּשַּׁר האי וכ׳ let the one deed be declared valid through the signature ‘Reuben ben’ &c.—Ḥull. 36ᵇ איתכ׳ במשקי וכ׳ it was made fit for uncleanness through the fluids &c.; ib. אתכ׳ בחבת הקדש, v. חִבָּה; a. e. Af. אַכְשַׁר as preced.Hif. Targ. I Sam. XVII, 8. Targ. Ruth II, 13.—B. Mets. 89ᵇ top לאַכְשׁוּרֵי גברא וכ׳ as to making the man fitter, i.e. as to the laborer in fruits being permitted to use means for increasing his appetite, there is no question, opp. to לאכשורי פירא using means for making the fruits more appetizing.—Zeb. 25ᵃ בשמאל אכשורי מַכְשַׁר he (R. S.) declares it permissible to use the left hand (for קְמִיצָה). Sabb. 154ᵃ; Yeb. 45ᵇ אַכְשְׁרֵיה וכ׳ pronounced R. Mari … to be legally a Jew. Ḥull. 58ᵇ סבר … לאַכְשׁוּרָהּ R. … wanted to pronounce it kasher; a. fr. to grow better, improve. Ib. 39ᵇ; Yeb. 39ᵇ, v. דָּרָא I. ↗ expanded
כָּשֵׁר 2preced.) fit, esp. kasher, ritually permitted, legal, opp. פסול, טרפה. Fem.כְּשֵׁרָה, כְּשֵׁירָה. Ḥull. I, 4 כ׳ בשחיטה פסול במליקה what is legal in slaughtering (cutting the throat) is illegal in pinching (the neck). Ib. שְׁחִיטָתוֹ כ׳ his act of slaughtering has been properly executed. Kidd. IV, 6 בתו כ׳ לכהונה his daughter is fit to marry a priest. Gitt. IX, 4 הולד כ׳ the issue is legitimate, is under no religious or civil disabilities; a. v. fr.—Pl. כְּשֵׁרִים, כְּשֵׁרִין, כְּשֵׁי׳; f. כְּשֵׁרוֹת, כְּשֵׁי׳. Ḥull. III, 2 אלו כ׳ בבהמה the following defects in a domestic animal are kasher, i.e. do not make the animals unfit for eating. Ib. 3 אם אדומים כ׳ if they (the entrails) are red (have their natural color) they are (the animal is) kasher; a. v. fr. worthy, honest, of noble conduct. Ber. II, 7 כ׳ היה he was a worthy man. Kidd. IV, 14 הכ׳ שבטבחים the best of butchers; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Ib. רובן כ׳ are mostly honest men, opp. רשעים. Y. Yoma III, end, 41ᵇ כְּשַׁירֵי כל דור ודור the worthiest of every generation; Y. Shek. V, beg. 48ᶜ. Y. Dem. VI, 25ᵈ top (ref. to Mish. Dem. VI, 6 צנועי בית הלל) מהו צנועי כְּשֵׁירֵי in what sense is צנועי here used? In the sense of K’sheré (the worthies of the house of Hillel). Yoma 19ᵇ, v. חָשַׁד; a. fr.—[Y. Shebi. VI, 36ᶜ top שאין כשירין, read: מַכְשִׁירִין, v. כָּשֵׁר I.] apt, convenient. Mekh. Bo, s. 16; Tanḥ. Bo 11 חדש שהוא כ׳ וכ׳ a month convenient to you, when it is not too warm &c. ↗ expanded
כָּשַׁרsame, fit, adapted, proper. Targ. Num. XX, 5 ed. Berl. כָּ׳ (oth. ed. כְּ׳; Y. כְּשָׁר). Targ. Jud. XVII, 6. Targ. Zech. III, 5; a. fr. (cmp. זָרִיז, חָרוּץ) well-equipped; quick, zealous, industrious, worthy. Targ. Prov. VI, 11 (h. text איש מגן).—Koh. R. to III, 9 וכ׳ בכשרותיה and what has the industrious profited by his industry? (v. אוּמָנוּתָא); a. fr. [Y. Taan. II, 65ᵇ, v. חָצִיף.]—Pl. כַּשְׁרִין, כְּשֵׁירִין; f. כָּשְׁרָן. Targ. Lev. IV, 2. Targ. Zech. III, 3, sq.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כַּשְׁרוּת (כָּשֵׁר) fitness, worthiness, legitimacy. Yeb. 57ᵃ (in Chald. diction) כ׳ מיתוספא בה וכ׳ (by her mother being a native Jewess) has her fitness been increased (so that a priest may marry her) … or has her sanctity also been increased (so as to be subject to the restrictions placed upon a native Jewess, acc. to Deut. XXIII, 2) and she may not eat T’rumah (when married to an impotent); [oth. opin.: כ׳ legal status, Jewish citizenship; קדושהfitness to marry a priest, v. Rashi a. l.].—Kidd. 72ᵇ כל ארצות בחזקת כ׳ וכ׳ the Jewish inhabitants of all countries (outside of Babylonia) are presumed to be of legitimate descent, opp. עִיסָה. Num. R. s. 20 בתחלה הבריות נוהגות בכ׳ formerly people conducted themselves morally, opp. בעֲרָיוֹת. Koh. R. to V, 11 יגע זה … בכַשְׁרוּתוֹ (not בכושרות) this man in his zeal has accomplished more &c., v. יָגַע. ↗ expanded
כֵּשְׁרוּתָא Koh. R. to III, 9 בכַשְׁרוּתֵיה (some ed. בכְשֵׁירוּתֵיה), v. כָּשַׁר↗ expanded
כָּשַׁרְתָּאa fragrant root (same as קוֹשְׁטְ, the Latin costum, v. Löw Pfl. p. 357), putchuck. Ber. 43ᵃ ↗ expanded
כְּשַׁשׁ (v. כִּשְׁכֵּשׁ) to knock, strike.—Denom. מַכּוֹשָׁה. Af. אַכֵּישׁto strike, chase away by knocking. Gen. R. s. 44 נסב … והוה מַכֵּישׁ להון … מִתְכַּשִּׁין Ar. (ed. מכתשין) Abraham took a knocker and tried to frighten them away by knocking, but they minded it not; Yalk. ib. 77 והוה מכיש להון ולא הוו מתכתשין.… Ithpe. אִתְכְּשַׁשׁ, אִתְכַּשׁto be frightened off by knocking, v. supra. ↗ expanded
כַּתְּ c. (כָּתַת) band, party, class. Pes. V, 7 כת ראשונה the first division. Ib. של כ׳ שלישית those of the third division; a. v. fr.—Kel. XXV, 4 של כת קודמין הוא וכ׳ this belongs to the class of things of which you cannot tell which was first; may be the one-quart measure is the lower side of the half-quart measure (Maim.; for oth. explan., v. comment.); [ed. Dehr. של בת, Ar. שלחת, Var. שלבת, Mus. שלכב, Bart. שלות].—Pl. כִּתִּים, כִּתִּין, כִּתּוֹת, כִּי׳. Y. Taan. II, 65ᵈ top ארבע כ׳ נעשו וכ׳ our ancestors at the Red Sea were divided into four parties (opinions); Mekh. B’shall. s. 2. Gen. R. s. 8 נעשו מה"ש כ׳ כ׳ the ministering angels formed parties (of divided opinions concerning the creation of man). Shebu. 47ᵇ; B. Bath. 31ᵇ שתי כִּיתֵּי עדים two sets of witnesses. Lev. R. s. 9 כ׳ כ׳ של ליסטים bands of (captured) robbers (rebels). Midr. Till. to Ps. XI, 7; Yalk. ib. 656 שבע כ׳ הן וכ׳ there are seven classes of people who will (after death) be admitted into the presence of the Ever-living. Ib. אלו שבע כ׳ של צדיקים these are the seven classes of righteous men. Sabb. 104ᵃ (v. א"ל) ט"ר י"ש כ"ת טר יש לי כ׳ כ׳ וכ׳ wait, I have many classes of gentiles &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כִּתָּא Targ. Y. I a. II Ex. XIV, 13, sq. (v. Y. Taan. II, 65ᵈ top, cited in preced).—[Sabb. 140ᵇ, v. כִּיתָּא I.]—Pl. כִּיתַּן, כִּיתִּין, כִּתּ׳. Targ. Y. l. c. Targ. Ps. XXIX, 1 כִּתֵּי constr.; a. e.—B. Kam. 24ᵃ תלתא כִּיתֵּי סהדי three sets of witnesses; a. e. ↗ expanded
כָּתָא (כְּתַת) = h. סָפִיחַ, concretion, glebe, or alluvial mound.—Pl. כָּתִין, כַּתִּין, with suffix (כַּתָּהָא) כָּתָהָא. Targ. Job XIV, 19. after-crop.—Pl. as ab. Targ. Is. XXXVII, 30; Targ. II Kings XIX, 29. Targ. Lev. XXV, 5 (some ed. O. sing., v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 38). Ib. 11 כָּתָהָא ed. Berl. (oth. כַּתָּ׳; Y. כַּאֲוָותָהָא, some ed. בַּ׳, perh. to be read: כַּתְוָותָהָא).—[Sabb. 110ᵇ מכבתותא דמישרי, perh. מכַּתְוָותָא of the after-crop of valleys, v. בַּתְוָא].—כָּתְכָּתִין, כַּתְכַּתִּיןthird crop. Targ. Is. l. c.; Targ. II Kings l. c. (h. text שחיס, סחיש). ↗ expanded
כָּתַב H. Dict. s. v.) [to join sign to sign,] to compose, write; to promise in writing, to will, assign, consign. Gitt. 20ᵃ וכ׳ ולא חקק it says (Deut. XXIV, 1) ‘and he shall write’ but not engrave; Y. ib. II, 44ᵇ top, v. כְּתִיבָה. Macc. III, 6 (ref. to Lev. XIX, 28) עד שׁיִכְתּוֹב וכ׳ unless he writes (designs) and etches with ink, stibium or anything that marks; Sifra K’doshim, Par. 3, ch. VI, v. כְּתוֹבֶת.—Meg. 9ᵃ כִּתְבוּ לי תורת וכ׳ write (translate) for me the Law &c. Ib. 7ᵃ כִּתְבוּנִי בספר Ms. M. (ed. לדורות) write me down (record my deeds) in a book (Book of Esther). Ex. R. s. 47, beg. כְּתוֹב אתה write thou thyself. Sabb. XII, 3 הכּוֹתֵב וכ׳ he who writes two letters (on the Sabbath). Ib. 5 נתכוין לִכְתּוֹב ח"ית if he intended to write a Ḥeth.—Keth. IX, 1 הכּוֹתֵב לאשתו וכ׳ he who declares to his wife &c.; ib. 83ᵃ תני ר׳ חייא האומר R. Ḥ. interpreted it, ‘he who says’ (verbally). Ib. 102ᵇ מאי כּוֹתְבִין אומרים ‘they write’ (in the Mishnah) means merely they declare. Ib. V, 1 והיא כוֹתֶבֶת וכ׳ and she may write (a receipt), I have received &c.—Pes. 50ᵇ כּוֹתְבֵי ספרים וכ׳ copyists of sacred books, or T’fillin &c. B. Bath. 14ᵇ משה כ׳ ספרו וכ׳ Moses is the author of his book, the chapter of Balaam, and the Book of Job; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. כָּתוּב, f. כְּתוּבָה; pl. כְּתוּבִים, כְּתוּבִין; כְּתוּבוֹת. Meg. 31ᵃ דבר זה כ׳ בתורה וכ׳ this is written in the Law, and repeated in the Prophets &c. Ib. 7ᵃ כבר כ׳ אני וכ׳ I am already recorded in the chronicles of &c. Y. Shek. VI, 49ᵈ bot. כיצד היו הלוחות כ׳ how was the writing on the tablets arranged?—Gitt. 54ᵇ כל ס"ת … כ׳ לשמן any scroll of the Law in which the Divine names are not written with full consciousness, v. שֵׁם; a. fr.—V. כָּתוּב. Nif. נִכְתָּבto be written, be reduced to writing; to be written upon. Meg. I, 8 הספרים נִכְתָּבִים בכל לשון the Biblical books may be written in (translated into) any language (v. ib. 9ᵃ); ib. לא התירו שׁיִכָּתְבוּ וכ׳ they permitted them to be translated only into Greek. Ib. 7ᵃ נאמרה לִיכָּתֵב was indited (by the divine spirit) for the purpose of being written (as a book); Yoma 29ᵃ נתנה ליכתב (some ed. לִכְתּוֹב); a. v. fr. Hif. הִכְתִּיבto cause to be written or recorded, to dictate, indite. Gen. R. s. 22 כבר הִכְתַּבְתִּי לך וכ׳ I have already ordered to be written in the Law &c. Ruth R. to II, 14 אילו היה ראובן יודע שהק"בה מַכְתִּיב עליו וכ׳ if R. had known that the Lord would cause to be written about him (Gen. XXXVII, 21) &c.; a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 24 ג׳ פרשיות ה׳ לנו וכ׳ (Pesik. R. s. 15; Yalk. Ex. 307 כתכ) there are three sections that Moses indited for us in the Law. to consign, enlist in the army, levy. Ex. R. s. 15 (מלך) ב"וד מַכְתִּיב לו וכ׳ a human king levies soldiers for himself, strong &c.; Tanḥ. Ḥayé 3 מסביב (corr. acc.). Cant. R. to II, 8, a. e. מַכְתֶּבֶת, v. טִירוֹנְיָא.—Part. pass. מוּכְתָּבrecorded; levied. Kidd. IV, 5, v. אִסְטְרַטְיָא II.—Tosef. B. Bath. IV, 7; B. Bath. 92ᵇ; Keth. 58ᵃ מ׳ למלכות levied for royal service (comment.: sentenced to death); Kidd. 11ᵃ נִכְתָּב.—Gen. R. s. 89 (Yalk. ib. 147 כתיב), v. סַקְרָרִין. ↗ expanded
כְּתַב 1 Targ. Deut. VI, 9 (v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 51). Ib. XXXI, 24. Targ. Josh. XVIII, 4; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. (כְּתוּב) כְּתִיב. Targ. Ex. XXXI, 18. Targ. O. Num. XI, 26 (Y. כתוביא); a. fr.—B. Kam. 88ᵃ bot. כְּתַבְתִּינְהוּ לניכסי וכ׳ she willed her property to &c. Gitt. 20ᵃ איהי קא כָתְבָה ליה she (the wife) had it written (at her expense). B. Bath. 168ᵇ ולִיכְתּוֹב לן מר וכ׳ write for us another document (copy) in addition to this; a. v. fr.—Sabb. 115ᵇ היכא דכְתִיבֵי תרגום וכ׳ when the books are written in Chaldaic or any other tongue (than Hebrew); a. fr.—Esp. (in arguments on Biblical texts) כ׳ or כ׳ רחמנא the Lord has written, the text reads. Pes. 21ᵇ טעמא דכ׳רחמנא וכ׳ this is so because the text reads לא יֵאָכֵל (passive voice), but if it did not read so &c. Ib. לִכְתּוֹב רחמנא וכ׳ it ought to read &c. Ber. 3ᵇ א"ה לכתוב מהנשף וכ׳ if this were so (that נשף invariably means evening), it ought to read (I Sam. XXX, 17) מהנשף ועד הנשף; a. v. fr.—כְּתִיב it is written, it reads (used also in Hebr. diction). Ib. 13ᵇ דִּכְ׳ לדבר בם for it says (Deut. XI, 19) ‘to speak thereof’; ה"נ הא כ׳ ודברת בם here, too, (in the first part of the Sh’ma) it says (VI, 7), ‘and thou shalt speak thereof’!—Meg. 10ᵇ כ׳ הכא ויהי … וכ׳ התם ויהי here (Lev. IX, 1) vayhi is used, and there (Gen. I, 5) vayhi is used. Ib. והָכְ׳, והא כ׳ but does it not also read &c.?—Gen. R. s. 1 ומאי כ׳ אחריו and what do we read after this?—הדא הוא דכ׳, v. דָּא I.—Snh. 71ᵃ, a. e. בעינן קרא כְּדִכְ׳ we must construe the Biblical text as it is written (literally, e.g. Mish. ib. VIII, 4 as an interpretation of Deut. XXI, 19); a. v. fr.—B. Kam. 66ᵃ שינוי קונה כְּתִיבָה ותנינא כ׳ that a change of form of a stolen object gives possession (compelling the thief to restore in value) is written (intimated in the Biblical text) and has been taught in the Mishnah.—V. כְּתִיב. Ithpe. אִתְכְּתִיב, אִיכְּתִיבto be written, recorded &c. Targ. Esth. I, 19. Targ. Ps. XL, 8. Ib. LXXXVII, 6 דמִכָּתְבִין Ms. (ed. דמְכַתְּבִיןPa.); a. fr.—Meg. 7ᵃ דאיבעי איכתיב וכ׳ (Ms. M. מאי דבעי כתיב, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note; Rashi: דאי בעי כתב) that which was liked was written down &c.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּתָבpreced.) writing, writ; character. Ab. V, 6; Pes. 54ᵃ; Sifré Deut. 355 (of things created in the last hour of the sixth day) הכתב והמִכְתָּב the art of writing and the writing on the tablets (Ex. XXXII, 16; Rashi to Pes. l. c. והמְכַתֵּב and the pencil); Mekh. B’shall., Vayassa, s. 5 only כתב. Ab. Zar. 10ᵃ אין להם לא כ׳ ולא לשון they (the Romans) have neither (original) types nor language; Gitt. 80ᵃ (of פרסיים!). Y. Meg. I, 71ᵇ bot., v. אַשּׁוּרִי. Snh. 21ᵇ; Meg. 8ᵇ כ׳ עברי(ת), v. לִיבּוֹנָאָה. [Ib. עד שיכתבנו בכתב אשורית, strike out בכתב, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l., a. Meg. 9ᵃ.]—תורה שֶׁבִּכְּ׳ written Law, opp. שבעל פה. Yoma 28ᵇ; a. fr.—Meg. 18ᵇ שלא מן הכ׳ without a written copy, from memory.—Pes. 21ᵇ, a. e. דברים כִּכְתָבָן וכ׳ וכ׳ construe the Biblical words as they are written (Deut. XIV, 21) , to the resident stranger give it as a present, to the foreigner sell it.—כְּתַב יד signature. Keth. II, 3 sq.; a. fr.—Tosef. B. Kam. VII, 4 כ׳ היכר יד שלו.—Gen. R. s. 48 בכל מקום … הכ׳ רבה על הנקודה אתה דורש את הכ׳ וכ׳ wherever you find in the Biblical text the plain writing, i.e. the number of undotted letters in a word, prevailing over the number of the dotted, you must interpret the undotted (ignoring the dotted); where the dotted prevail, you must interpret the dotted, e.g. אׄליׄוׄ (Gen. XVIII, 9) read אַיּוֹ, where is he (Abraham)?; ib. s. 78; Cant. R. to VII, 5.—Tosef. Meg. IV (III), 41 (ref. to II Kings X, 27 מחראות) קורין אותו ככְתָבוֹ we read it as it is written (not as emended in the K’ri); a. fr.—Pl. כְּתָבִים, כְּתָבִין. Tanḥ. Masé 1; Num. R. s. 23, beg. כ׳ רעים מן המלכות government papers containing orders of hard measures against the Jews. Esth. R. introd. כְּתָבָיו של מלך royal decrees. Ex. R. s. 20 עד שילמוד בני כ׳ (some ed. כתובין) until my son shall have studied documents; a. e. ↗ expanded
כְּתַב 2 Targ. Y. Lev. XIX, 28 (h. text כְּתֹבֶת).—Targ. Y. Gen. XLVIII, 9 (marriage contract, v. כְּתוּבָּה). Targ. Ex. XXXII, 16 (h. text מכתב); a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 28, end מה דאמר כְּתַבְכוֹן what your sacred writ says.—Pl. (כָּתְבִין) כְּתָבִין, כִּתְבִין, כִּתְבֵי. Targ. II Esth. IV, 12. Ib. VII, 10; a. e.—Gen. R. s. 10; Lev. R. s. 22 כ׳ בישין וכ׳ evil decrees against the Jews of Caesarea (v. preced.); Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 1. ↗ expanded
כָּתוּב (כָּתַב) Biblical verse, passage; הַכָּ׳the Bible text. Ḥag. 18ᵃ, a. fr. במה הכ׳ מדבר of what does the text speak? Ib. הא לא מסרן הכ׳ אלא וכ׳ this proves that the Law intended to leave it to the discretion of the scholars to decide &c.—Pes. 3ᵃ עקם הכ׳ שמנה וכ׳ the text made a circumlocution of eight letters (more than would have been required). Sifra introd., beg. בנין אב מכ׳ אחד a standard rule derived from one verse. Ib. end כ׳ אחד אומר וכ׳ one verse reads …, and another reads &c.; a. fr.—Pl. כְּתוּבִים, כְּתוּבִין. Sifra l. c. Snh. 45ᵇ; Meïl. 11ᵇ, v. לָמַד; a. fr.—[Ex. R. s. 20, v. כְּתָב.]—Esp. K’thubim, Hagiographa, the third part of the Bible. Keth. 50ᵃ תורה נביאים וכ׳ (abbrev. תנ"ך) Pentateuch, Prophets and Hagiographa. B. Bath. 14ᵇ סידרן של כ׳ וכ׳ the order of the books of the Hagiographa is: Ruth &c. Meg. 31ᵃ ומשולש בכ׳ and for the third time intimated in the Hag.; a. fr. ↗ expanded
כְּתוּבָא —Pl. כְּתוּבַיָּא, כְּתוּבֵי. Y. Ned. I, end, 37ᵃ כקדושת כ׳ as sacred as the Biblical writings.—Esp. כְּתוּבֵיthe Hagiographa.—Taan. 9ᵃ מי איכא מידי דכתיבא בכ׳ וכ׳ is there anything written in the Hagiographa that is not intimated in the Law? B. Bath. 8ᵃ עברת אדאורייתא ואדכ׳ … thou didst act against what is written in the Law, the Prophets and the Hagiographa. Keth. 106ᵇ דאקרייך כ׳ לא וכ׳ he who taught thee the Hagiographa has not taught thee the Prophets; a. e. ↗ expanded
כָּתוֹבָא = כָּתְבָן, writer, notary. Y. Gitt. IX, 50ᶜ bot. Y. Snh. II, beg. 19ᵈ; Y. Hor. III, beg. 47ᵃ ר׳ חנינא כ׳ R. Ḥ., the notary. ↗ expanded
כְּתוּבָּה (preced. wds.) writ, deed, esp. marriage contract, containing, among other things, the settlement of a certain amount due do the wife on her husband’s death or on being divorced; K’thubah, the wife’s settlement, widowhood. [For the formula of the marriage contract, v. Keth. IV, 7—12.] Y. Yeb. XV, 14ᵈ ב"ש עבדי כ׳ מדרש the Shammaites made the wording of the marriage contract the text for legal interpretation; מספר כְּתוּבָּתָהּ נלמוד וכ׳ from her marriage contract we learn (that she must receive her widowhood), for he writes to her &c. Ib. ר׳ מאיר עבד כ׳ וכ׳ R. M. made the formula of the deed of sale the text &c. (v. B. Mets. IX, 3).—Keth. I, 2 בתולה כְּתוּבָּתָהּ מאתים the widowhood of one marrying as a virgin is two hundred Zuz. Sabb. 14ᵇ; 16ᵇ שמעין … תיקן כ׳ לאשה Simon b. Shetaḥ introduced the written marriage contract (with the promise of a widowhood, in place of a deposit of the widowhood in securities); Keth. 82ᵇ תיקן כל נכסיו אחראין לכתובתה ordained that the contract must contain a clause making all his landed estate a mortgage for her widowhood; Y. ib. VIII, 32ᵇ, sq. Bab. ib. 10ᵃ כְּתוּבַּת אשה מן התורה the widowhood endowment is intimated in the Torah. Ib. כתובת אלמנה אינה וכ׳ the endowment of one that married as a widow is not Biblical. Ib. 56ᵃ כ׳ דרבנן the widowhood is a Rabbinical institution. Ib. IV, 2 כְּתוּבָּתָהּ שלו her widowhood belongs to him (her father). Ib. IX, 8 הפוגמת כתובתה, v. פָּגַם. Ib. 9 … הוציאה גט גובה כתובתה if she produces evidence of divorce but has no contract to show, she is entitled to her settlement; a. v. fr.—Pl. כְּתוּבּוֹת. Ib. שני … כ׳ גובה שתי כ׳ if she produces two letters of divorce (evidence of having been divorced and remarried to her former husband and again divorced) and two contracts, she is entitled to two widowhoods; a. fr.—כְּתוּבּוֹת K’thuboth, name of a treatise of Mishnah, Tosefta, Talmud Babli and Y’rushalmi, of the Order of Nashim. ↗ expanded
כְּתוֹבֶת ; preced. wds.) writing, inscription; כ׳ קעקעetched-in inscription on the skin (Lev. XIX, 28). Macc. III, 6. Lev. R. s. 19 שנמצאת כ׳ ק׳ חקוקה וכ׳ an etched-in writing was found on his (Jojakim’s) body. Gitt. 20ᵇ בכ׳ ק׳ in the case of the slave’s emancipation being etched in on his hand (so as to be indelible). ↗ expanded
כְּתוּבְתָּא Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXXIV, 12 (h. text מַתָּן).—Keth. IV, 7 (in a Chald. formula of the marriage contract) אחראין לכְתוּבְתִּיךְ security for thy widowhood. Ib. 10 אינון ירתון כסף כתובתיך they shall inherit the amount of widowhood stated in thy K’thubah. Ib. 87ᵃ ושקילנא מכְּתוּבְתָּאִי and I may take it in advance as partial payment of my widowhood; a. e.—Pl. כְּתוּבָתָא. Targ. Y. II, Gen. XXXI, 15 לחוד כְּתוּבָתָן except our settlements (deposited with our father).—Kidd. 70ᵇ אקרען כמה כ׳ וכ׳ many marriage contracts were torn (marriages cancelled) in Nehardea. ↗ expanded
כְּתוֹנֶת v. כִּיתַּן, [linen,] shirt, undergarment, esp. the priest’s undercoat. Yoma VII, 5. Ib. 35ᵇ; Tosef. ib. I, 21. Zeb. 88ᵇ. Gen. R. s. 84, v. פַּרְגּוֹד; a. e.—Pl. כָּתְנוֹת. Gen. R. s. 20, v. אוֹר II, 3, [Post-biblical חָלוּק.] ↗ expanded
כְּתִיב (כְּתַב I) written; it is written, v. כְּתַב I.—[Targ. II Esth. VII, 10 כְּתִיבֵי some ed., read כִּתְבֵי, v. כְּתַב II]. (Massorah) כְּתִיבK’thib, the traditional spelling of Biblical words, opp. to קרי, K’ri, the Massoretic instruction for reading, e.g. Gen. VIII, 17: K’thib (הוֹצֵא) הוצא, K’ri הַיְצֵא; v. Treat. Sof’rim VI, 5; VII, 4. Ab. Zar. 24ᵇ (ref. to I Sam. VII, 9) ויעלה כ׳ the K’thib allows the reading וַיַּעֲלֶהָ (with feminine suffix). Snh. 20ᵃ, v. כָּרָה; a. v. fr.—Pl. כְּתִיבָן. Ned. 37ᵇ קריין ולא כ׳ וכ׳ ולא קריין וכ׳ the rules about reading words not written (omitted in the text) and such as are written but not read (marked as superfluous) are a Mosaic (ancient, traditional) halakhah (v. הֲלָכָה). Ib. הלין קדיין ולא כְתִבָן those (quoted) are those read but not written; וכְתִבָן ולא קריין וכ׳ and those written but not read are &c.; v. Treat. Sof’rim VI, 8—9. ↗ expanded
כְּתִיבָה (כָּתַב) writing. Sabb. 104ᵇ כ׳ היא אלא וכ׳ it is a writing, and what is needed to make it one word is bringing the two ends of the papers close together. Men. 34ᵃ כ׳ הנוהגת לדורות a mode of writing used at all times (not stone inscriptions). Sabb. 103ᵃ אין דרך כ׳ בכך this (using the left hand) is not the way of writing. Ib.ᵇ (ref. to וכׄתׄבׄתׄםׄ, Deut. VI, 9) שתהא כׄתׄיבׄה תׄמׄה that the writing must be perfect. Ib. 105ᵃ (expl. אׄנׄכׄיׄ, Ex. XX, 2, v. אָנֹכִי) אׄמירה נׄעימה כׄ' יׄהיבה a sweet proclamation, a writing, a gift; Yalk. Gen. 81. Gitt. 17ᵇ משעת כ׳ ועד וכ׳ from the time the letter of divorce was written to the time of its delivery. Ib. 45ᵇ (ref. to Deut. VI, 8—9) כל שישנו בקשירה ישנו בכ׳ only he who is under the obligation of binding (the T’fillin on his arm), is fit for writing (the scrolls of the Law &c.). Keth. 102ᵇ וקרי ליה לאמירה כ׳ and is ‘saying’ (verbal declaration) called ‘writing’ (consignment)?; a. fr. the word כתב in Biblical texts. Ber. 16ᵃ בין כ׳ לכ׳ וכ׳ if a person in reading the Sh’ma is in doubt as to whether he is at וכתבתם (of Deut. VI, 9) or at וכתבתם (of ib. XI, 20), he must go back to the first וכתבתם; Y. ib. II, 5ᵃ כתיבת (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כְּתִישָׁא (כְּתַשׁ) a scab on a camel’s back. B. Mets. 38ᵇ דבש לכ׳ דגמלא spoiled honey is fit for a liniment for a camel’s sore back, v. כְּתִיתָא. ↗ expanded
כְּתִישָׁה (כָּתַשׁ) crushing, pounding. Sabb. 74ᵃ עני … בלא כ׳ a poor man eats his bread without pounding the grain before grinding (to remove the husks), v. כָּתַשׁ. Bets. 7ᵇ והא קא עביד כ׳ but (by crushing the clods of earth) does he not do the (forbidden) act of pounding? Cant. R. to I, 3 מה השמן … אלא ע"י כ׳ וכ׳ as the oil cannot be improved except by pounding (the olives), so can Israel only by suffering; Men. 53ᵇ מה זית … ע"י כ׳ Ms. M. (ed. כתית, corr. acc.) as the olive gives forth its oil only through pounding &c.; Yalk. Jer. 289. ↗ expanded
כָּתִיתoil gained from pounded olives. Men. VIII, 5. Ib. 86ᵇ אין כ׳ אלא כָּתוּשׁ the Biblical kathith means pounded. [Ib. 53ᵇ, v. preced.]. pl. כְּתִיתִין (sub. פַּת, v. preced.) bread or pastry made of pounded wheat, delicacies. Midr. Till. to Ps. XV, 1; Yalk. Ps. 664 שמוכרין מיני כ׳ וכל דבר [טוב] who had for sale various fine pastries and all sorts of [good]things. (cmp. b. h. ספחת) scab on an animal’s back from friction. Sabb. VIII, 1 (76ᵇ) דבש כדי ליתן על פי כ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) honey, as much as required for putting on a scab (v. כְּתִישָׁא); ib. 77ᵇ, v. מוֹרְשָׁא a. הוֹדְרנָא. Ib. ברא שבלול לכ׳ He created the snail as a remedy for a scab; Y. Ber. IX, 13ᶜ bot. שבלון לכ׳ ed. Lehm. (ed. לחזיות, v. חְזָזִית). (also כָּתוּת) compress of rags (cmp. שְׁחָקִים, בְּלָיוֹת); pad. [Tosef. Mikv. VI, 10 כתות של גדיל, v. כָּשׁוּת.]—Pl. כְּתִיתִים, כְּתִיתִין, כְּתוּ׳. Tosef. Sabb. XII (XIII), 14; Sabb. 134ᵇ כ׳ יבשין dry compresses. Ib. 53ᵃ כ׳ ע"ג השבר Ms. M. (ed. קשישין, Ms. O. כַּבְשִׁישִׁין) pads upon a fractured limb. Ib. VI, 8 (66ᵃ); Yoma 78ᵇ אם יש לו בית קבול כתי׳ Ms. M. (ed. כתו׳) if the wooden leg has a cavity for the reception of pads, v. next w.↗ expanded
כְּתִיתָאscab. Sabb. 154ᵇ לכ׳ דגמלי (Rashi: לכתוּתי דגמלא); B. Mets. 38ᵇ (quot. in Rashi to Sabb. 76ᵇ a. v. הכתית) כתותא, v. כְּתִישָׁא. pad.—Pl. כְּתִיתִין, כְּתִיתֵי. Sabb. 134ᵇ, v. נִקְרָא 2. Yoma 78ᵇ דאית ביה כ׳ when the wooden leg has pads. Ib. כ׳ משוי ליה מנא (omitted in Ms. M., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. notes 20, 30, 50) do the pads make it a garment? Yeb. 102ᵇ דאית ביה כ׳ when the felt-shoe has pads inside. ↗ expanded
כָּתַם (b. h.) to be compressed, dark, hidden (cmp. אטם, טמא, טמן). Nif. נִכְתָּםto be stained, marked. R. Hash. 18ᵃ; Yeb. 105ᵃ (ref. to Jer. II, 22) taken as equivalent with נחתם.—Part. Pu. מְכוּתָּםstained. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVI (play on מכתם) David said to the Lord מכ׳ אני ed. Bub. (oth. ed. מכתם, corr. acc.) I am stained (with sin). ↗ expanded
כְּתַם —Part. pass. כָּתִיםdark, red. Pl. כְּתִימִין. Targ. Is. I, 18. ↗ expanded
כֶּתֶםpreced.) dark-red stain, esp. stain on a woman’s clothes or body, as an indication of uncleanness (v. נִדָּה). Nidd. 4ᵇ כִּתְמָהּ טמא למפרע a stain found on her makes her unclean retrospectively (up to the time when she last washed herself). Ib. 5ᵃ יש לה כ׳ is subject to the law concerning kethem. Ib. VIII, 1. Y. ib. I, 49ᶜ אין לה כ׳ is not subject to the law &c., v. supra; a. fr.—Pl. כְּתָמִים, כְּתָמִין. Ib. VII, 3, sq. Tosef. ib. VIII, 12; a. fr. gold. Ex. R. s. 8; Tanḥ. Vaëra 8, v. פָּז. R. Hash. 4ᵃ (ref. to Ps. XLV, 10) זכיתם לכ׳ אופיר you are rewarded with gold of Ophir. ↗ expanded
כִּתְמָא , blood-stain. Targ. Jer. II, 22.—Pl. כִּתְמִין, כִּתְמֵי, כִּי׳. Nidd. 5ᵃ. [Snh. 95ᵃ חזינהו כתמי דמא, a corrupt., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. Ms. M. a. note, a. Yalk. Sam. 155.] ↗ expanded
כָּתַף (cmp. כָּתַת) to join; denom. כָּתֵף.—[Midr. Till. to Ps. II, 3 כתופין, ed. Bub. כתיפין, read: כפותין, v. כָּפַת.] Pi. כִּיתֵּף (denom. of כָּתֵף) to carry; to shoulder. Y. Shebi. VIII, 38ᵇ מְכַתְּפֵי פירות carriers of fruits (in the Sabbatical year). Y. Nidd. II, beg. 49ᵈ היתה מְכַתֶּפֶת יינות וכ׳ carried vessels with wine for libations; (Bab. ib. 6ᵇ גפה, v. גָּפַף).—B. Kam. 31ᵃ עמד לכַתֵּף he halted for the sake of shifting the burden on his shoulder; Keth. 31ᵃ, sq.; Sabb. 5ᵇ. Ib. 8ᵃ; Erub. 33ᵃ רבים מְכַתְּפִין עליו people rest and rearrange their burdens on it. [Bets. 25ᵇ ובלבר שלא יְכַתֵּף provided one allows not the chair to be carried on shoulders, v. אֲלַנְקִי; perhaps to be read: יִכָּתֵףNif.] ↗ expanded
כְּתַף , Pa. כַּתֵּף same. Sabb. 8ᵃ ולא כַתּוּפֵי מְכַתְּפֵי עלויה Ms. M. nor do they not use it for rearranging burdens; ודאי מְכַתְּפִין עילויה people surely use it &c. Ib. 119ᵃ מְכַתַּף ועייל וכ׳ carried things in and out. Ib. מי לא מְכַתִּיפְנָא קמייהו should I not carry things in and out for their reception?—Esp. to carry a person (in a chair) on shoulders, v. אֲלַנְקִי. Yoma 87ᵃ; Snh. 7ᵇ. Bets. 25ᵇ הוו מְכַתְּפֵי להו (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 8) they carried them; (ed. מִכַּתְּפוּ להוIthpa. allowed themselves to be carried). Ithpa. אִיכַּתֵּףto be carried on shoulders, v. supra. ↗ expanded
כַּתָּף (preced.) carrier, porter. Tosef. Ber. II, 7. Kel. XXVI, 5 עור הכ׳ the hide which the porter uses to protect his clothes. Y. Kidd. II, beg. 62ᵃ ע"ר הכ׳ on the testimony of the carrier (that delivered the goods); a. e.—Pl. כַּתָּפִים, כַּתָּפִין. Y. M. Kat. III, 82ᵇ bot.; Y. Ber. III, 6ᵃ top נמסר לכ׳ when the corpse has been given over to the pall-bearers. Y. Shebi. VIII, 38ᵇ [read:] החמרין הכ׳ וכל העושין בשביעית שכרן וכ׳ the drivers and porters and all employees in the Sabbatical year take their wages in fruits of that year (v. Tosef. ib. VI, 26); a. e.—שבח המגיע לכ׳ an improvement touching the carriers, i.e. an increase of the value of the crop, opp. to an increase of the value of the land. B. Kam. 95ᵇ; B. Mets. 15ᵇ; a. e. ↗ expanded
כַּתַּף —Pl. כַּתָּפִין, כַּתָּפַיָּא. Y. Shebu. VII, 38ᵃ top סמכון כ׳ גבי וכ׳ paid the porters with orders drawn on the retailers (sellers of provision &c.). ↗ expanded
כָּתֵף v. כָּתַף) joint, shoulder. Shebi. III, 9 אבני כ׳ באין וכ׳ heavy stones may be taken in the Sabbatical year from any place (their size showing their designation for building purposes); כל שהן נטלות … על הכ׳ those which are carried, two or three at a time, on the shoulder. B. Mets. 68ᵇ; Tosef. ib. V, 6 מקום שנהגו להעלות שכר כ׳ למעות where it is customary to add a remuneration for carriage to the money (to be paid to the partner on settling). Gen. R. s. 56 (ref. to Gen. XXII, 6) כזה שהוא טוען … על כְּתֵפוֹ like him (the culprit) who carries his cross on his shoulders; a. fr. grapes on an arm of a vine which branches off into twigs, contrad. to נטף grapes hanging down from the trunk. Peah VII, 4 what is gleaning (belonging to the poor, Lev. XIX, 10)? כל שאין לה כ׳ וכ׳ the grapes remaining on a stalk which has no arm (its grapes having been collected) &c.; expl. Tosef. ib. III, 11; Y. ib. VII, 20ᵃ bot., v. פְּסִיגָה.—Pl. כְּתֵפִים, כְּתֵיפִים, constr. כִּתְפוֹת. Pesik. R. s. 20 נאה להרכיבה על כ׳ it is proper to carry her on (human) shoulders; a. e.—[Yalk. Gen. 161; Y. Sot. I, 17ᵇ bot., v. כְּפָתָה.—Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. II, 4, v. כָּפִיס.] ↗ expanded
כְּתַף ² Targ. Zeph. III, 9. Targ. Job XXXI, 22 כִּתְפִי; a. fr.—Kidd. 81ᵃ מותיב … על כִּתְפֵיה placed a halter over his shoulder. Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵃ bot. מסתמיך אַכִּתְפֵיה וכ׳ leaning on the shoulder of &c.; Y. Sabb. I, 3ᵃ כְּתַפְתֵּיה.—Pl. כַּתְפִין, כִּתְפֵי. Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 12; a. fr.—B. Mets. 107ᵇ כמלא כ׳ נגדי וכ׳ as much space along the riverside as is occupied by those dragging the tow.—[Lev. R. s. 21; Yalk. Sam. 126 חזק כתפוי, v. כֵּיפְתָא.] ↗ expanded
כָּתַר (b. h.) to knot, tie, join closely.—Denom. כֶּתֶר, כּוֹתֶרֶת. Hif. הִכְתִּיר (denom. of כֶּתֶר) to tie a wreath, to offer a crown. Lev. R. s. 24 העליונים מַכְתִּירִין להקב"ה וכ׳ the angels wreathe three ‘holies’ to the Lord (Is. VI, 3); Yalk. ib. 603 העליונים מַכְתִּירִים לפני וכ׳; Yalk. Is. 272 מה"ש מכתירין ג׳ קדושות.—Erub. 53ᵇ (in enigmatic speech) נתייעץ במַכְתַּיר he took counsel with the crown-maker (him who ordains the scholars, the Nasi).—[Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 6 שהכתיר, read: שהבחיר, as Pesik. Shek., p. 15ᵇ.]—Part. pass. מוּכְתָּרadorned, distinguished. Meg. 12ᵇ (in being called Jehudi, Esth. II, 5) מרדכי מ׳ בנימוסו היה (כעדי) (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 300) Mordecai was intended to be described as adorned with his faith (as with an ornament), i.e. Jehudi is meant not as a gentile noun but as an epithet of religious devotion (than whom no better Jew was found). ↗ expanded
כְּתַרPa. כַּתֵּר (preced.) [to turn around, cmp. יָחַל,] to wait upon, hope for. Targ. Job XXXVI, 2 Bxt. (ed. אמתין). Targ. Is. XLII, 4 (h. text יחל). Ib. LI, 5 יִכְתְּרוּן ed. Wil. (oth. ed. יַכְתִּי׳, Af.). Af. אַכְתִּירsame, v. supra.—Part. pass. מַכְתַּרmade to wait, dependent upon. Targ. Mic. V, 6 (h. text יְיַחֵל). ↗ expanded
כֶּתֶרpreced.) garland, crown. Ḥull. 60ᵇ the Moon said אפשר … בכ׳ אחד is it possible for two kings to use the same crown (to occupy an equal rank)? Ex. R. s. 1 כִּתְרוֹ של פרעה Pharaoh’s crown. Sabb. 104ᵃ (play on letters כׄ לׄ) וקושר לך כׄ' לׄעוה"ב and he will wreathe a crown for thee in the world to come; a. fr.—Pl. כְּתָרִים. Ab. IV, 13 שלשה כ׳ הן … על גביהין there are three crowns, the crown of the Law (learning) …, but the crown of a good name rises above all of them. Sabb. 88ᵃ; a. fr.—Ib. 89ᵃ; Men. 29ᵇ קושר כ׳ לאותיות providing certain letters with crownlets (v. זִיּוּן). ↗ expanded
כְּתַר ² Targ. Is. LXII, 3. Targ. Jer. XLVIII, 9; a. e.—Pl. כִּתְרַיָּא. Targ. Is. III, 23 (ed. Wil. כִּתָּרַיָּא). ↗ expanded
כָּתַשׁ v. כָּתַת) to crush (olives), to pound, beat Shebi. IV, 9 כּוֹתֵש וסך וכ׳ he may crush olives and use the oil for ointment in the field. Sabb. 74ᵃ וליחשוב נמי כותש let the Mishnah (Sabb. VII, 2) count (among the forbidden labors) also pounding (grain), v. כְּתִישָׁה. Men. VIII, 4 (86ᵃ), Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 8; Pesik. Par., p. 40ᵃ וכוֹתְשִׁין אותה and pound it (the burnt body). Koh. R. to VII, 2 ולמה כותשין על הלב why do mourners beat their hearts?; a. e.—Part. pass. כָּתוּשׁ, f. כְּתוּשָׁהcrushed. Men. 86ᵇ, v. כָּתִית.—Trnsf. defloured. Y. Kidd. I, 59ᵃ top, v. חָרַף.—2) to press, to be closely joined, grouped; שער כּוֹתֵשׁa thick hair crown, i.e. ramifications forming a sort of arbor. Peah II, 3 אם היה ש׳ כ׳ if the ramifications are intertwined; Y. ib. 17ᵃ top [read:] מה כ׳ כעלי במכתש וכ׳ (v. R. S. to Kil. V, 3) what does this כותש mean? Does it mean, like the pestle in the mortar (i.e. the partition is formed by a depression in the ground between the two fields, out of which the fence rises), or does it mean, pressing upon (overgrowing) the fence? Answ. מן מה דתנינן סער כותש ואין הגדר כותש וכ׳ reading as we do ‘the hair (ramification) presses’, and not ‘the fence presses’, it is evident that it means ‘overgrowing the fence.’ Nif. נִכְתַּשׁto be crushed, pounded. Tanḥ. Ki Thabo 3 מה השמן הזה נ׳ וכ׳ as oil is pounded, and the more it is pounded, the better it becomes, v. כְּתִישָׁה. Ter. I, 8 זתים הנִכְתָּשִׁין crushed olives. Tosef. ib. III, 14 עתידין לִיכָּתֵשׁ designated for pounding; a. fr. Pi. כִּיתֵּשׁto crush to powder.—Part. pass. מְכוּתָּשׁ, f. מְכוּתֶּשֶׁת. Tosef. Ohol. II, 5 some ed. (oth. מְכוּתֶּתֶת, ed. Zuck. מכתתת; Y. Naz. VIII, 56ᶜ מְכוּתָּתִין). Hithpa. הִתְכַּתֵּשׁ [to come in contact with,] to wrestle, fight (cmp. גָּשַׁש). Y. Peah IV, 18ᵇ top שנים שהיו מִתְכַּתְּשִׁין וכ׳ if two persons were fighting about a (forgotten) sheaf; Tosef. Peah II, 2 מִכַּתְּשִׁין ed. Zuck. (Var. מתכשין, corr. acc.). Sifré Deut. 37 ד׳ מלכיות מִתְכַּתְּשׁוֹת וכ׳ (ed. Fr. מתכחשות) four governments disputed about it (each naming it differently); Yalk. Num. 743 מתרחשות (corr. acc.); Pesik. Zutr. Deut. ed. Bub. p. 9 מלכים מִתְכַּתְּשִׁין …; ib. p. 30 מתכבש׳ (corr. acc.). ↗ expanded
כְּתַשׁto crush. Targ. Y. Ex. XXX, 36.—Part. pass. כָּתִישׁ, f. כָּתִישָׁא; pl. כָּתִישִׁין; כָּתִישַׁן. Targ. Ex. XXVII, 20. Targ. Y. Lev. XXII, 24 (h. text כָּתוּת). (= h. נגע) to touch, strike, afflict. Part. pass. as ab. Targ. Ps. LXXIII, 14 (ed. Wil. כַּתִּישׁ). Targ. Is. XXVIII, 1 (h. text הלומי). Ib. LIV, 4; a. e.—Dem. מַכְתַּשׁ. Ithpa. אִתְכַּתַּשׁ, אִכַּתַּשׁto wrestle, fight. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXII, 25, sq.—Gen. R. s. 48, beg. הות מִכַּתְּשָׁא וכ׳ was quarrelling with her maid. Lev. R. s. 9 ולא חמית … מִתְכַּתְּשִׁין וכ׳ and I never saw two quarrel with one another without making peace between them. Lev. R. s. 22 פשושין מכתשין Ar. ed. Koh. (ed. ציפרין מתנציין). mostly Ithpe. אִתְכְּתַשׁ to be smitten, afflicted (with leprosy). Targ. Ps. LXXIII, 5. Targ. Y. Ex. II, 23 (cmp. Ex. R. s. 1). Targ. Y. Gen. XVI, 1.—[Gen. R. s. 44; Yalk. ib. 77, v. כְּשַׁשׁ.] *. כַּתַּשׁto press, beg persistently. Shebu. 30ᵇ; Ḥull. 7ᵇ, v. בְּתַשׁ. ↗ expanded
כָּתַת (b. h.) [to join closely (in a friendly or hostile sense);—Denom. כַּתְּ;] to press, crush. Part. pass. כָּתוּת, one whose parts are crushed. Sifra Emor Par. 7, ch. VII; Kidd. 25ᵇ; Bekh. 39ᵇ Pi. כִּיתֵּתto strike. Gen. R. s. 22 (with ref. to Ps. LXXXIX, 24) התחיל מְכַתְּתוֹ he began to strike him; Yalk. ib. 36; Yalk. Ps. 840. Midr. Till. to Ps. XXIII היה מה"מ מְכַתֵּת וכ׳ the angel of death smote fifteen thousand and some of them. Ber. 63ᵇ (play on הׄסׄכׄתׄ, Deut. XXVII, 9) כַּתְּתוּ עצמיכם וכ׳ expose yourselves to being smitten (by death) over the study of the Law. to pound, pulverize. Ab. Zar. 44ᵃ כִּיתְּתוֹ ground it (the bronze serpent) to powder.—Trnsf. (cmp. גרס) to discuss, argue. Ber. l. c. הֹסֹ ואח"כ כַֹּתֵֹּת first listen (and receive) and then discuss.—Part. pass. מְכוּתָּת, f. מְכוּתֶּתֶת, pl. מְכוּתָּתִין, v. כָּתַשׁ.D ↗ expanded
כְּתַתto join closely, be grouped. Targ. Job XXX, 7 בתתין Ms. Var., read: כָּתְתִין (ed. מתחברין, h. text יְסֻפָּחוּ).—Denom. כָּתָא, כִּתָּא. to strike, v. infra. Pa. כַּתֵּתto pound, crush. Ab. Zar. 44ᵃ בדין הוא דכַתּוּתֵי לא וכ׳ by law it was necessary to grind it (the bronze serpent) to powder, v. preced.to ally, form into factions. Targ. Y. I Num. XXIV, 23 (play on כִּתִּים, ib. 24) מְכַתֵּת וכ׳ causes nations … to form alliances and incites them against one another.—Part. pass. מְכַתַּת, v. infra. Ithpa. אִיכַּתֵּתto be powdered, crushed. Succ. 31ᵇ כַּתּוּתֵי מִיכַּתַּת שיעוריה the size which the Lulab must have, is (in the eyes of the law) crushed to powder (as an object of idolatry); Ḥull. 89ᵇ כתותי מִכַּתַּת שיעורא (or מְכַתַּת. v. supra). Ib. כל מה דמכ׳ וכ׳ the more it is crushed to powder, the better it is fitted (for covering the blood). Yeb. 103ᵇ כִּדְמִכַּתֵּת דמי (or כִּדְמְכַתַּת) the house doomed to destruction (Lev. XIV, 45) is to be considered as crushed to powder. to come in contact (hostile or friendly, cmp. זווג). Gen. R. s. 78 (ref. to פגש, Gen. XXXIII, 8) א"ל מִיכַּתֵּת אנא גביהון א"ל וכ׳ said he (Esau), I had a meeting with them. Said he (Jacob) they came to find grace &c. Said he, I have had enough blows; Yalk. ib. 133. ↗ expanded