BDB (original) — ר (282)

רֵאשׁ (Aramaic)

n.m. ^{Daniel 7:6} head (Egyptian Aramaic, S-C^Pap.; Palm. רש; 𝔗 רֵישׁ, Syriac ܪܺܝܫ; BH רֹאשׁ);—cstr. ר׳ Daniel 7:1; emph. ה—ָ Daniel 2:38; sf. רֵאשִׁי Daniel 4:2 +, ךְ—ָ Daniel 2:28, הּ—ֵ v Daniel 2:32 +, הּ—ַ Daniel 7:20, הוֹן—ֵ Daniel 3:27; pl. abs. רֵאשִׁין Daniel 7:6, sf. רָאשֵׁיהֹם (K^{§§ 53, Anm. b}); 63 Gu^{Hpt ad loc.}) Ezra 5:10;—

head of man Daniel 3:27, cf. Daniel 7:9; in vision: of image Daniel 2:32, Daniel 2:38, beast Daniel 7:6, Daniel 7:20.

head as seat of visions, הֶזְוֵי רֵאשָׁךְ, etc., Daniel 2:28; Daniel 4:2, Daniel 4:7, Daniel 4:10; Daniel 7:1, Daniel 7:15.

= chief, בְּר׳ Ezra 5:10 in the capacity of their chiefs.

sum, essential content, of matters Daniel 7:1 (Nes^{MM 40} beginning).

רַב (Aramaic)

adj. great (𝔗 Syriac);—abs. Daniel 2:31 +, cstr. v Daniel 2:14 +; emph. m. רַבָּא Ezra 4:10 +; f. רַבְּתָא Daniel 4:27; mpl. redupl. רַבְרְבִין (K^{§ 59, 4}) Daniel 3:33, fpl. -בָן Daniel 2:48 +, emph. תָא—ָ Daniel 7:11, Daniel 7:17;—

great, lit., of image Daniel 2:31, rock v Daniel 2:35, city Daniel 4:27, sea Daniel 7:2, beast v Daniel 7:3, Daniel 7:17, teeth v Daniel 7:7, gifts Daniel 2:48; great, imposing, feast Daniel 5:1, signs Daniel 3:33, words Daniel 7:8, Daniel 7:11, Daniel 7:20; c. מִן comp. Daniel 7:20.

fig. of power, influence, etc.: great king Daniel 2:10 Ezra 4:10; Ezra 5:11 (cf. Zinj. מלכן רברבן Cooke ¹⁸³), God Ezra 5:8 Daniel 2:45.

as n. = captain, chief: רַב טַבָּחַיָּא Daniel 2:14, ר׳ סִגְנִין v Daniel 2:48, ר׳ חַרְטֻמַּיָּא Daniel 4:6; Daniel 5:11.

רִבּוֹ (Aramaic)

(K^{§ 65, 4}) n.f. myriad (𝔗 Syriac);—cstr. ר׳ + pl. רבון Kt (read רִבְּוָן K^l.c.), רִבְבָן Qr Daniel 7:10 a myriad myriads.

רְבָה (Aramaic)

vb. grow great (𝔗 Syriac; v. BH I. רבה);—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Daniel 4:8 +; 3 fs. רְבָת v Daniel 4:19; 2 ms. רְבַיְתָ Kt (> רְבַת Qr K^{§ 47, Beisp. 1) a)}) v Daniel 4:19;—grow tall and large, of tree Daniel 4:8, Daniel 4:17; grow long, of hair v Daniel 4:30; fig. grow great, of king v Daniel 4:19, increase, of greatness v Daniel 4:19.

make great: Pf. 3 ms. רַבִּי Daniel 2:48 c. ל acc. pers.

רְבִיעִי (Aramaic)

adj. num. ord. fourth;—f. abs. רביעיא Kt, רְבִיעָאָה Qr (K^{§ 66, 1}) Daniel 2:40; Daniel 3:25; Daniel 7:7, Daniel 7:23; emph. רְבִיעָֽיְתָא v Daniel 7:19, Daniel 7:23.

רוּחַ (Aramaic)

n.f. ^{Daniel 5:12} wind, spirit;—ר׳ abs. Daniel 5:12; Daniel 6:4, cstr. Daniel 4:5 +, emph. רוּחָא Daniel 2:35; sf. רוּחִי Daniel 7:15, הּ—ֵ Daniel 5:20; pl. cstr. רוּחֵי Daniel 7:2;—

wind Daniel 2:35; Daniel 7:2.

spirit:

of man, Daniel 5:20; Daniel 7:15; as faculty of knowledge, ר׳ יַתִּירָא Daniel 5:12; Daniel 6:4.

ר׳ אֱלָהִין קַדִּישִׁין Daniel 4:5, Daniel 4:6, Daniel 4:15; Daniel 5:11, ר׳ א׳ v Daniel 5:14.

רֵיחַ (Aramaic)

n.f. smell;—cstr. ר׳ נוּר Daniel 3:27.

רוּם (Aramaic)

vb. rise (v. BH);—

Pf. intr. רִם Daniel 5:20 lifted up, of heart, i.e. presumptuous. Pōʿl. extol: Pt. מְרוֹמֵם Daniel 4:34 (ל dei).

exalt: Pt. מָרִים Daniel 5:19 (acc. pers.). Hithpōʿl. lift oneself up against, Pf. 2 ms. הִתְרוֹמַמְתָּ Daniel 5:23 (על dei).

רוּם² (Aramaic)

n.m. ^{Daniel 4:7} height;—sf. רוּמֵהּ, of temple Ezra 6:3, image Daniel 3:1, tree in vision Daniel 4:7, Daniel 4:8, Daniel 4:17.

רָז (Aramaic)

n.m. ^{Daniel 2:18} secret (𝔗 id., Syriac ܪܳܙ, ܐܪܳܙ, ܪܳܐܙܳܐ; Pers. loan-word; = Phlv. rāž, N Pers. rāz Andr^{M 83 *});—abs. ר׳ Daniel 4:6, emph. רָזָא Daniel 2:18, Daniel 2:19, Daniel 2:27, Daniel 2:30, Daniel 2:47; pl. abs. רָזִין v Daniel 2:28, Daniel 2:47, emph. רָזַיָּא v Daniel 2:29.

רְחוּם (Aramaic)

n.pr.m. Persian official Ezra 4:8 (usually expl. from √ רחם, v. BH, p. 933; Scheft⁹² thinks poss. orig. רוחם, OIran. n.pr. rukma, = splendour).

רֵיחַ² (Aramaic)

רְעוּ (Aramaic)

n.f. good pleasure, will;—cstr. רְעוּת of king Ezra 5:17, of God Ezra 7:18.

רַעְיוֹן (Aramaic)

n. m. Daniel 4:16 thought;—pl. cstr. רַעְיוֹנֵי לִבְבָךְ Daniel 2:30; sf. -נַי Daniel 7:28; -ניך Kt, -נָךְ Qr (K^{§ 53 Anm. b)}) Daniel 2:29; Daniel 5:10, רַעְיֹנֹ֫הִי Daniel 4:16; Daniel 5:6.

רְשַׁם (Aramaic)

vb. inscribe, sign (𝔗 Syriac; v. BH (once, late));—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Daniel 6:10; 2 ms. רְשַׁ֫מָתָּ v Daniel 6:13, רְשַׁ֑מְתָּ v Daniel 6:14; Impf. 2 ms. (וְ)תִרְשֻׁם v Daniel 6:9;—inscribe (prob. with one’s name, i.e.) sign, acc. כְּתָבָא Daniel 6:9, Daniel 6:10, אֱסָר v Daniel 6:13, Daniel 6:14. Peʿîl Pf. 3 ms. רְשִׁים, subj. כְּתָבָא:

be inscribed, written, Daniel 5:24, Daniel 5:25.

be signed Daniel 6:11.

רֶ֫שֶׁת

n.f. ^{Exodus 27:5} net;—abs. רֶשֶׁת Hosea 5:1 + 11 times; רָ֑שֶׁת Proverbs 1:17; cstr. רֶשֶׁת Exodus 27:4; Exodus 38:4; sf. רִשְׁתִּי Hosea 7:12 + 2 times; רִשְׁתּוֹ Psalms 10:9; Psalms 35:8; רִשְׁתָּם Ezekiel 19:8 Psalms 35:7;—

net:

for catching (birds, etc.) חִנָּם מְזֹרָה הָרָ֑שֶׁת Proverbs 1:17 to no purpose is the net spread in the eyes of any bird; elsewhere fig. (1) of judgment of י׳, all c. פרשׂ: Hosea 7:12 (‖ כְּעוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם אוֹרִידֵם), Ezekiel 12:13; Ezekiel 17:20 (both ‖ מְצוּדָתִי), Ezekiel 32:3 (of י׳ catching Pharaoh, under fig. of sea-monster; ‖ ii. חֵרֶם); (2) of nations capturing king of Israel under fig. of lion Ezekiel 19:8 (c. פרשׂ; ‖ שַׁחְתָּם); (3) of priests and rulers (as entangling people in sin) Hosea 5:1 (‖ פַּח).

spread for feet of man (fig.): (1) by י׳ Lamentations 1:13 (c. פָּרַשׂ); (2) by wicked (= plot) Proverbs 29:5 (c. פרשׂ), Psalms 140:6 (c. id.; ‖ טָמַן פַּח), Psalms 10:9; Psalms 25:15, שֻׁלַּח בְּרֶשֶׁת בְּרַגְלָיו Job 18:8 (‖ שְׂבָכָה); elsewhere c. טמן Psalms 9:16 (‖ שַׁחַת), Psalms 31:5; Psalms 35:7 (שַׁחַת רִשְׁתָּם), v Psalms 35:8; c. הֵכִין Psalms 57:7 (‖ שִׁיחָה).

brazen network for altar of tabern. הָרֶשֶׁת Exodus 27:4, Exodus 27:5; מִכְבָּר מַעֲשֵׂה ר׳ נְחשֶׁת Exodus 27:4 = Exodus 38:4 (all P).—On Inf. רֶשֶׁת, v. ירשׁ supr.

רָאָה

Deuteronomy 14:13 textual error; v. דָּאָה.

רָאָה²

vb. see (NH id.; וארא MI⁴, הראני l⁷, cf. רית spectacle l¹²; Sab. ראי see, expect, DHM ^{ZMG xxix (1875), 596, 599}; Arabic رَأَى see, so Ethiopic ርእየ: 𝔗 רֵו, רֵיוָא human appearance, features, etc. (cf. Heb. רֳאִי 2));—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Genesis 29:10 +, sf. וְרָֽאֲךָ consec. Exodus 4:14, רָאָהוּ II Kings 2:12 +; 3 fs. רָֽאֲתָה Genesis 38:14, sf. רָאָֽתְךָ Job 42:5; 2 ms. רָאִיתָ Genesis 20:10 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְאֶה Genesis 22:8 +, juss. יֵרֵא Genesis 41:33 (Baer Gi, Ges^{§ 75 p, hh} Kö^i.561; van d. H. יֵרֶא), יֵ֫רֶא Exodus 5:21 +, וַיַּרְא Genesis 18:2 + (I Samuel 19:20 read pl. 𝔊 Comm., i.e. וַיִּרְאֻ Dr^{Sm lxiii}), sf. יִרְאַנִי Exodus 33:20, וַיִּרְאֵ֑נִי II Samuel 1:7; 3 fs. תִּרְאֶה Leviticus 20:17; Job 33:28, juss. תֵּרֵא Micah 7:10; Zechariah 9:5 (Baer Gi, cf. Ges Kö supr.; van d. H. תֵּרֶא), וַתֵּ֫רֶא Genesis 3:6 +; i s. אֶרְאֶה Genesis 21:16 +, וָאֵרֶא Genesis 31:10 +, etc.; Imv. רְאֵה Genesis 27:27 +, etc.; Inf. abs. רָאֹה Exodus 3:7 +, רָאוֹ Genesis 26:28; Isaiah 6:9; cstr. רְאֹה Genesis 48:11, רְאוֹת Exodus 10:28 +, רַאֲוָה Ezekiel 28:17, etc.; Pt. act. רֹאֶה Genesis 13:15 +, etc.; pass. רְאֻיוֹת (Baer Gi; van d. H. רְאֻיּוֹת):—

see, subj. עַיִן, עֵינַיִם, c. acc. pers. Isaiah 6:5; Isaiah 30:20; Jeremiah 42:2 + 5 times Jb Pr; subj. pers., c. acc. pers. Genesis 12:12, Genesis 12:15 + (מִי רָאָהוּ I Samuel 23:22, read הַמְּהֵרָה 𝔊 Th We al. [not HPS]); רֹאִי I Samuel 16:13 (pt. sf., cf.בְּאֵר לַחַי רֹאִי v I Samuel 23:14, p. 91 supr.); acc. of God Genesis 32:31 (פָּנִים אֶל־פָּנִים); acc. pers. om. Genesis 18:2; Genesis 19:1 +; c. acc. פְּנֵי Genesis 31:2; Genesis 46:30; Genesis 48:11; Exodus 33:20, opp. אֶת־אֲחֹרָ֑י v Exodus 33:23; c. acc. פְּנֵי specif. of having access to man of rank Genesis 43:3, Genesis 43:5 + (v. [פָּנֶה] 2 b).

see, c. acc. rei: subj. עַיִן, עֵינַיִם Joshua 24:7 (E) I Samuel 24:11 (van d. H. Baer; v I Samuel 24:10 Gi), Deuteronomy 3:21 + 5 times Dt, +; וְעֵינָיו אֶת־עֵינָיו תִּרְאֶינָה Jeremiah 32:4, cf. Jeremiah 34:3; acc. om. II Samuel 24:3 Deuteronomy 21:7 + 9 times (לִרְאוֹת I Samuel 6:13 read לִקְרָאתוֹ 𝔊 We Dr Kit Bu HPS Now); subj. pers. Genesis 13:15; Genesis 31:12 + very often; c. acc. cogn. מַרְאֶה Exodus 3:3 + 7 times, מַרְאָה Daniel 10:7^(×2), Daniel 10:8, חָזוֹן Daniel 8:15, חֶזְיֹנוֹת Joel 3:1; hence see abs. = receive revelation, Isaiah 30:10 (‖ חזה), cf.Ezekiel 13:3 and v. 1. רֹאֶה; c.acc. עֶרְוָה, v. ע׳, p. 788 f.; see war, i.e. see it impending Exodus 13:17 (E); ר׳ אֶת־הַקּוֹלֹת וְאֶת־הַלַּפִּידִים Exodus 20:15 (Gi v Exodus 13:15); רֹאֵי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Ecclesiastes 7:11 those who see the sun = living men; acc. rei om. Exodus 22:9 II Samuel 13:5 +, וָאֶרְאֶה בֶּחָזוֹן Daniel 8:2^(×2) (abs.); לֹא יֵדעוּ רְלֹא יִרְאוּ Nehemiah 4:5; עֵינֵי רֹאִים Isaiah 32:3, מְקוֹם רֹאִים Job 34:26; c. adv. or adv. phr. instead of acc. rei: כָּהֵנָּה Genesis 41:19 cf. Isaiah 66:8; Ezekiel 1:27^(×2), כַּאֲשֶׁר II Kings 2:19; II Chronicles 29:8; II Chronicles 30:7; Job 4:8; Ezekiel 16:50; Daniel 1:13, כֵּן Psalms 48:9.

see, sq. acc. + cl. or phr. of closer design.: (1) + epex. cl. c. כִּי, acc. pers. Genesis 6:2 saw them that they were fair, Genesis 12:14 (both J), Exodus 2:2; Exodus 32:25 (both E), I Kings 11:28, acc. of face + id. Genesis 31:5 (E), Exodus 34:25 (P); acc. rei Genesis 49:15 (poem), Isaiah 22:9; Genesis 1:4 (P), Ecclesiastes 2:24; Ecclesiastes 4:4 and prob. II Kings 14:26 (reading כִּי מַר הוּא); (2) ר׳ כָּל־הַבָּא עָלָיו וְעָמָ֑ד II Samuel 20:12; (3) + adj. (incl. pt.), acc. pers. Genesis 7:1 (J), Amos 9:1; II Samuel 18:10 + 39 times (Jeremiah 46:5 del. ר׳ 𝔊 Gie), + acc. אֲשֶׁר Exodus 14:13^(×2) (J); acc. rei, †Exodus 23:5; Exodus 33:10 (both E), Deuteronomy 22:4; Ezekiel 33:3, Ezekiel 33:6; Daniel 1:10; Daniel 8:4, Daniel 8:6, Daniel 8:7; †(4) + מָה, acc. rei Numbers 13:18 (JE), Haggai 2:3; †(5) + prep. phr., acc. pers. Exodus 5:19 (J), Zechariah 4:10; Ecclesiastes 10:7; Esther 5:9; acc. rei + בִּכְבוֹדוֹ Haggai 2:3, + ב pers. Jeremiah 23:13, Jeremiah 23:14, + כ pers. Judges 9:36, כ rei II Samuel 18:27; (6) acc. pers. + adv. acc. + כ pers. Jeremiah 30:6.

see, so as to learn to know: c. acc. pers. Deuteronomy 33:9 (‖ הִכִּיר, יַדַע);c. acc. rei Deuteronomy 1:19, Deuteronomy 1:31; Deuteronomy 11:2; Job 11:11 (‖ יַדַע), Psalms 16:10; Psalms 49:10; = have experience of, Jeremiah 5:12; Jeremiah 14:13; Jeremiah 20:18; Jeremiah 42:14; Zephaniah 3:15; Psalms 89:49; Ecclesiastes 5:17, שֵׁנָה בְּעֵינָיו אֵינֶנּוּ רֹאֶה Ecclesiastes 8:16; מָה ראית Genesis 20:10 i.e. what hast thou encountered, that …? Bacher^{ZAW xix (1899), 345 ff.; Terminol. 177 f.}

abs. see, have (power of) vision, Genesis 27:1 (J), Genesis 18:21 (E), I Samuel 3:2; I Samuel 4:15; I Kings 14:4, miraculous II Kings 6:17^(×2), II Kings 6:20^(×2); denied of idols Deuteronomy 4:28 Psalms 115:5; Psalms 135:16; fig. of spiritual vision Isaiah 6:10; Isaiah 29:18; Isaiah 42:18; Isaiah 44:18; Jeremiah 5:21; Deuteronomy 29:3; Ezekiel 12:2^(×2) Psalms 40:13; Psalms 69:24; עַיִן רֹאָה Proverbs 20:12.—I Samuel 14:27 read Qr v. אור.

see = perceive:

sq. cl. c. כִּי, Exodus 3:4; Exodus 8:11; Genesis 1:10, Genesis 1:12 + often (I Samuel 23:15 read וַיִּרָא and he feared We Dr Kit Bu HPS Now); om. כִּי (late) †Lamentations 1:10 Psalms 49:11 Ecclesiastes 3:16; sq. מָה of indirect question Genesis 2:19 (J), Genesis 37:20 (E), Judges 9:48; Deuteronomy 32:20; Jeremiah 7:17; Jeremiah 33:24; Ezekiel 8:6; Jonah 4:5 +; בַּמָּה Judges 16:5 cf. I Samuel 14:38, כַּמָּה Zechariah 2:6 Psalms 35:17; sq. מִי of indirect question I Samuel 14:17; Isaiah 40:26; Lamentations 2:20 (+ הַבִּיטָה); sq. אֵי I Samuel 26:16, אֵיכֹה II Kings 6:13, אֵיפֹה Jeremiah 3:2; sq. cl. c. הֲ whether, Genesis 8:8; Genesis 18:21; Numbers 11:23 (all J), Exodus 4:18 (E), Psalms 14:2; Psalms 53:3 Song of Songs 6:11 b Esther 3:4, אִם whether Jeremiah 30:6; Lamentations 1:12 Psalms 139:24 Song of Songs 7:13, אֲשֶׁר that or how I Samuel 18:15, אֵי Ecclesiastes 2:3, שֶׁ that v Ecclesiastes 2:13, שְׁ Ecclesiastes 3:18.

c. acc. צָרַת נַפִשׁוֹ Genesis 42:21 (i.e. saw it by out-ward signs), cf. Hosea 5:13. [Note, under 5 (rarely in other cases, and only S K Je), †Imv. + ידע Imv.: דַּע וּרְאֵה I Samuel 24:12; II Samuel 24:13; I Kings 20:22; דְּעִי וּרְאִי I Samuel 25:17; Jeremiah 2:19; דְּעוּ וּרְאוּ I Samuel 12:17; I Samuel 14:38; I Samuel 23:22; I Kings 20:7; II Kings 5:7; in reverse order, רְאוּ וּדְעוּ I Samuel 23:23; Jeremiah 5:1.].

look at, see, by direct volition:

subj. men, c. acc. rei, Genesis 9:22, Genesis 9:23 (J), Genesis 42:9, Genesis 42:12 (E), Leviticus 13:3, Leviticus 13:15 +; c. acc. of land = reconnoitre Joshua 2:1; look at sun, etc., for worship †Deuteronomy 4:19; Job 31:26; = inspect I Kings 9:12; Leviticus 14:36^(×2); c. acc. pers. Numbers 24:20, Numbers 24:21 (JE), Exodus 2:25; Leviticus 13:3, Leviticus 13:5 (all P), I Samuel 9:16 +, (I Samuel 19:15 HPS proposes אֶל־בֵּית for לִרְאוֹת); c. prep. ר׳ אַחֲרִי רֹאִי Genesis 16:13 (J) I have looked after one seeing me (interpr. v. Di).

subj. God, c. acc. rei Genesis 9:16 (P); = inspect Genesis 11:5 (J); look at with favour, acc. pers. Job 37:24 Psalms 138:6; so perhaps fig., subj. man, regard, c. acc. אָוֶן Psalms 66:18 (Hup-Now; Che Bae Dr al. intend); look with pleasure (acc. om., + מִן by reason of, as a fruit of) Isaiah 53:11 (si vera l.; ins. acc. אוֹר 𝔊 Houb Klo Du Che^Hpt Kit [perhaps], with Hiph. יַרְאֵה 𝔊 Du Che^Hpt, rescues from travail his soul, makes it see light).

without acc., look, take a look, etc. (of man and God; often + וְהִנֵּה), Genesis 8:13; Genesis 18:2;Exodus 3:2; Leviticus 13:8; Lamentations 3:50 (מִן loc.), Genesis 13:14 (מִן loc. + ה loc.), Deuteronomy 3:27; Ezekiel 40:4; Ezekiel 44:5 (all בְּעֵינֶיךָ), + often; peculiarly, מִמֶּנִּי תִרְאוּ וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּ Judges 7:17 (cf. GFM).

look after, see after, learn about, c. acc. rei Genesis 37:14 (J), c. acc. pers. = visit (go to see) I Samuel 15:35; I Samuel 20:29; II Samuel 13:5, II Samuel 13:6; II Kings 8:29 = II Chronicles 22:6; II Kings 9:16, cf. Ezekiel 20:28, עֵין רֹאִי Job 7:8 (Di Bu al.).

observe, watch, abs. I Samuel 6:9, I Samuel 6:16; I Samuel 17:28; Ecclesiastes 8:16 (‖ ידע).

look upon = endure to see, c. acc. rei Habakkuk 1:13 (‖ הִבִּיט).

look out, find out, acc. pers. II Kings 9:2; Genesis 41:33 (E), + ל pers. I Samuel 16:17; select, acc. pers. + מִן from among II Kings 10:3, + ב among + ל pers. I Samuel 16:1; provide, furnish, c. acc. rei Deuteronomy 33:21 (poem), + ל pers. Genesis 22:8 (E), cf. abs. י׳ יִרְאֶה as n.pr.loc. = י׳ seeth v Genesis 22:14 a (E;? read יֵרָאֶה, cf. v b, Niph. and Di); רְאֻיוֹת Esther 2:9 looked out = suitable (as often NH).

look at = concern oneself about, acc. rei (+ בְּיָדוֹ) Genesis 39:23 (J).

of mental observation:

Imv. see! observe! consider! exclam. (nearly = הִנֵּה), sq. cl.: Genesis 27:27; Genesis 31:50 see! God is witness Genesis 39:14; Genesis 41:41; Exodus 4:21; Deuteronomy 1:8 +; sq. nom. independ. II Samuel 24:22 (‖ I Chronicles 21:23 sq. cl.).

look at, i.e. inquire into, a matter, acc. rei om., of י׳, I Samuel 24:16 (Gi v I Samuel 24:15).

give attention to, acc. rei, Jeremiah 2:31, abs. give attention! II Samuel 13:28; II Kings 6:32; Exodus 25:40 Psalms 45:11; take heed to, acc. rei, I Kings 12:16 = II Chronicles 10:16; abs. take heed! Exodus 10:10, + פֶּן II Kings 10:23.

discern, לִבִּי ר׳ חָכְמָה Ecclesiastes 1:16, ר׳ טוֹב Ecclesiastes 3:13.

distinguish, c. בֵּין … לְ of pers. Malachi 3:18;

consider, reflect, Ecclesiastes 7:14 (sq. cl orat. rect.).

c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest (Germ. ‘sich vertiefen in’): (1) gaze at I Samuel 6:19 (on context v. We Dr HPS), so as to become acquainted with Genesis 34:1 (P); so as to find out Ecclesiastes 3:22; inspect liver (for omens) Ezekiel 21:26; somewhat weakened = behold Job 3:9; II Chronicles 7:3 Psalms 64:9. (2) look at with kindness, helpfulness, of י׳, בָּעֳנִי Genesis 29:32; I Samuel 1:11 (+ inf. abs.), II Samuel 16:12, בַּצַּר Psalms 106:44. (3) upon a spectacle causing anger Exodus 2:11 (E), grief Genesis 21:16; (E), Genesis 44:34; Numbers 11:15 (both J), II Kings 22:20 (subj. עֵינַיִם) = II Chronicles 34:28; Esther 8:6^(×2), abhorrence Isaiah 66:24. (4) gaze at with apprehension Ecclesiastes 11:4. (5) with joy, pleasure, II Kings 10:16; Micah 7:9; Jeremiah 29:32; Isaiah 52:8 (עַיִן בְּעַיִן, cf. Niph. Numbers 14:14); Job 20:17; Job 33:28 Psalms 54:9; Psalms 106:5; Psalms 128:5; Song of Songs 3:11; Song of Songs 6:11 a Ecclesiastes 2:1. (6) especially with exultation, triumph = feast eyes upon, sometimes gloat over enemies (cf. MI⁷) Judges 16:27; Micah 7:10; Ezekiel 28:17 Obadiah 1:12, Obadiah 1:13 Psalms 22:18; Psalms 54:9; Psalms 112:8; Psalms 118:7.

c. אֶל Jeremiah 4:23. Isaiah 17:7 (subj. עֵינַיִם; ‖ שָׁעָה עַל); עַל pers. Exodus 5:21 (J); ר׳ עַל־הָאָבְנָ֑יִם Exodus 1:16 v. [אֹבֶן] and Comm., also Spiegelb^{ZA xiv (June 1900), 269 ff.}.

c. ל, הָאָדָם יִר׳ לַעֵינַיִם וְיהוה יִר׳ לַלֵּבָב I Samuel 16:7, מִי יִרְאֶה־לָּ֑מוֹ Psalms 64:6.—Corrupt is וּרְאִתַנִי כְתוֹר הָאָדָם I Chronicles 17:17 (and ‖ וְזֹאת תּוֹרַת הָאָדָם II Samuel 7:19), read וַתַּרְאֵנִי (with other changes) We Dr Kau Bu HPS Now; Ezekiel 12:12; read prob. Niph. 𝔊 Hi Co Krae; Micah 6:9; read prob. יִרְאָה cf. Now GASm.

Pf. 3 ms. נִרְאָה Genesis 48:3 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יֵרָאֶה Genesis 22:14 +, juss. יֵרָא Exodus 34:3; Leviticus 9:6, וַיֵּרָא Genesis 12:7 +; 1 s. וָאֵרָא Exodus 6:3; etc.; Imv. ms. הֵרָאֵה I Kings 18:1; Inf. cstr. לְהֵרָאוֹת I Samuel 17:17 +, לֵרָאוֹת Isaiah 1:12 + 2 times, הֵרָאֹה Judges 13:21; I Samuel 3:21; etc.;—

appear, especially

of י׳ (God): c. אֶל pers. Genesis 12:7^(×2) + 6 times J, Genesis 35:1 (E), v Genesis 35:9 Genesis 48:3; Exodus 6:3; (בְּאֵל שַׁדַּי, ב essent.), Leviticus 9:4 (all P), I Kings 3:5; I Kings 9:2^(×2) = II Chronicles 7:12; I Kings 11:9; c. ל pers. Jeremiah 31:3; II Chronicles 1:7; II Chronicles 3:1 (ins. י׳ 𝔊 Kau Kit); abs. Genesis 22:14 in the mt. where י׳ appeareth (prob., Di Sta ^{G i. 450} Dr^{Hast. DB ii. 563}; E), Numbers 14:14; (JE; עַיִן בְּעַיִן, v Isaiah 52:8 Qal 8 a (5)), Leviticus 16:2 (P; ב loc. + עַל), I Samuel 3:21 (ב loc.), II Samuel 22:11 (עַל־כַּנְפֵי־רוּחַ; < וַיֵּדֶא ‖ Psalms 18:11), + 5 times; of מַלְאַךְ י׳, c. אֶל pers. Exodus 3:2 (E), Judges 13:21; of כְּבוֹד י׳; c. אֶל pers. Leviticus 9:6, Leviticus 9:23; Numbers 14:10 (ב loc.), Numbers 16:19; Numbers 20:6 (all P), Judges 6:12; Judges 13:3; עַל pers. Isaiah 60:2; abs. Exodus 16:10 (ב loc.), Numbers 17:7 (both P).

appear, of man, = present oneself: c. אֶל pers. Genesis 46:29 (J), Judges 13:10; I Kings 18:1, I Kings 18:2, I Kings 18:15; Leviticus 13:7^(×2), Leviticus 13:19, אֶל of God Psalms 84:8 (ב loc.), אֶל־פְּנֵי הָאָדֹן Exodus 23:17 (E); abs. Isaiah 16:12 (del. as dittogr. Lo Du Che^Hpt Marti al.); especially (Mass.) sq. אֶת־פְּנֵי) of י׳, rendered appear before י׳: so וְנִרְאָה I Samuel 1:22, יֵרָאֶה Exodus 34:23 (JE), Deuteronomy 16:16, וְאֵרָאֶה Psalms 42:3, יֵרָאוּ Exodus 23:15 (E), Exodus 34:20 (JE), Deuteronomy 16:16, לֵרָאוֹת Exodus 34:24 (JE), Deuteronomy 31:11; Isaiah 1:12; read prob. in all Qal (v. [פָּנֶה] II. 2).

appear, of things: late (Hex only P), abs. Genesis 1:9; Genesis 8:5, c. ב loc. Genesis 9:14; Leviticus 13:14, Leviticus 13:57; elsewhere poet. Psalms 18:16 = II Samuel 22:16, Psalms 90:16 Proverbs 27:25 (of דֶּשֶׁא), Song of Songs 2:12 (ב loc.; of blossoms); subj. מַרְאֵיהֶם Daniel 1:15 (+ adj. pred.), v Daniel 1:13 (+ לְפָנֶיךָ); subj. חָזוֹן, c. אֶל pers. Daniel 8:1^(×2); subj. כְּנֶגַע Leviticus 14:35 (c. ל pers.).

be seen:

subj. rei, I Kings 10:12 = II Chronicles 9:11 (where כָּהֶם subj.) Ezekiel 19:11, of sins Ezekiel 21:29 (‖ חִגָּלוֹת), subj. כָּזֹאת Judges 19:30, כְּאֶבֶן etc. Ezekiel 10:1.

subj. pers. II Samuel 17:17 (+ לָבוֹא) be seen to come.

be seen = occur II Kings 23:24 (ב loc.); = exist, + ל pers. Exodus 13:7^(×2) (JE), Deuteronomy 16:4, cf. Ezekiel 10:8; = be present, + ב loc. Judges 5:8 Exodus 34:3 (JE).

be visible, Exodus 33:23 (JE; subj. י׳’s face), אֵין אֶבֶן נִרְאָה I Kings 6:18, I Kings 8:8^(×2) = II Chronicles 5:9^(×2), Jeremiah 13:26 Isaiah 47:3.

Pf. 3 pl. עַצְמֹתָיו לֹא רֻאוּ Job 33:21 (Baer Gi; d. f. Ki Kö^{i. 41, 563}, Mappik\ Ges^{§ 14 d}; van d. H. רֻאוּ), appar. his bones are not seen, detected; De which were (formerly) not seen; Di are insignificant (‘unscheinbar’), so Bae; prob. corrupt, Bu נָאווּ, Du del. as doublet.

recipr. look at each other: Impf. 2 mpl. לָ֫מָּה תִּתְרָאוּ Genesis 42:1 (E); techn. 3 mpl. וַיִּתְרָאוּ פָנִים II Kings 14:11 = II Chronicles 25:21 and they looked each other in the face, i.e. met in combat, so i pl. נִתְרָאֶה פ׳ II Kings 14:8 = II Chronicles 25:17, cf. (perhaps) II Kings 23:29, where Wkl Benz conj. כְּהִתְרָאוֹת אִתּוֹ (or Niph. כְּהֵרָאוֹת אִתּוֹ) for MT כִּרְאֹתוֹ אֹתוֹ.

Pf. 3 ms. הֶרְאָה Genesis 41:28 +, sf. הִרְאַנִי Amos 7:1 +, הֶרְאָ֑נִי Ezekiel 11:25, הֶרְאָנוּ Deuteronomy 5:18; Judges 13:23, הֶרְאֲךָ Deuteronomy 4:36; i s. וְהַרְאֵיתִ֫י Nahum 3:5 (Ges^{§ 53 p}), sf. הֶרְאִיתִיךָ Deuteronomy 34:4, הִרְאִיתִים Isaiah 39:4 cf. ‖ II Kings 20:15, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַרְאֶה Isaiah 30:30, וַיַּרְא II Kings 11:4, sf. יַרְאֵנִי Numbers 23:3 Psalms 59:11; i s. sf. אַרְאֶךָּ Genesis 12:1 +, etc.; Imv. ms. sf. הַרְאֵנִי Exodus 33:18, etc.; Inf. cstr. הַרְאוֹת Deuteronomy 3:24 +, sf. הַרְאוֹתְכָה Ezekiel 40:4, לַרְאֹתְכֶם Deuteronomy 1:33, etc.; Pt. מַרְאֶה Exodus 25:9 Ezekiel 40:4;—

cause one to see something, shew: (1) subj. man, c. acc. pers. + rei, Numbers 13:26 b (JE), Judges 1:24, Judges 1:25; II Kings 20:13^(×2), II Kings 20:15 = Isaiah 39:2^(×2), Isaiah 39:4 + 4 times, acc. rei om. Ezekiel 40:4; Esther 4:8, acc. refl. נַפְשׁוֹ + acc. rei Ecclesiastes 2:24; מִי יַרְאֵנוּ טוֹב Psalms 4:7, acc. pers. om., = exhibit Esther 1:4; c. 2 acc. pers. Judges 4:22; II Kings 11:4. (2) especially subj. י׳ (God), c. acc. pers. + rei, Genesis 12:1; Exodus 9:16 (both J), Genesis 41:28; Genesis 48:11 (both E), Exodus 33:18; Deuteronomy 34; 1 b (both JE), Deuteronomy 3:24; Deuteronomy 4:36; Deuteronomy 5:18; Joshua 5:6 (D), Exodus 25:9 (P), Judges 13:23 + 5 times + (of revelation to prophets) Numbers 23:3 (JE), Jeremiah 38:21; Ezekiel 11:25, also, c. acc. rei cogn., Numbers 8:4 (P), acc. rei om. Deuteronomy 34:4 (JE), acc. pers. om. = exhibit, Isaiah 30:30; of visions, י׳ subj., c. acc. pers. + כֹּה Amos 7:1, Amos 7:4, Amos 7:7; Amos 8:1, + כַּאֲשֶׁר Exodus 27:8 (P), c. acc. pers. only = cause to see [a vision] Jeremiah 24:1; c. 2 acc. pers. + appos. II Kings 8:13, acc. pers. + cl. c. כִּי v II Kings 8:10. (3) subj. angel, acc. pers. + rei, of revelation to prophet Zechariah 2:3; Zechariah 3:1; acc. pers. + cl. c. מָה Zechariah 1:9.

cause to experience something, c. acc. pers. + rei, subj. י׳, Habakkuk 1:3 Psalms 60:5; Psalms 71:20; Psalms 85:8.

cause to look intently at, to behold, c. acc. pers. + ב rei (cf. Qal 8), subj. י׳:

cause to gaze at, with joy Psalms 50:23; Psalms 91:16.

in exultation, cause to feast one’s eyes upon, fallen enemies Psalms 59:11 (cf. MI4).

in weakened sense, cause to behold Deuteronomy 1:33 (cf. Dr).

be caused to see, be shewn: Pf. 2 ms. הָרְאֵיתָ, subj. man, acc. rei, Exodus 26:30 (P; ב loc.); so Pt. מָרְאֶה Exodus 25:40 (P; ב loc.); sq. inf. אַתָּה הָרְאֵתָ לָדַעַת כִּי Deuteronomy 4:35.

be exhibited to, subj. rei, acc. pers., Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְהָרְאָה אֶת־הַכֹּהֵן Leviticus 13:49 (P).

רָאֶה

adj. seeing, assumed by Thes al. to explain cstr. וּרְאֵה עָנְיִי Job 10:15, but improb.; Mass. appar. intended Imv. (unsuitable); Ew al. וְרֹאֵה; Di Bu Du (After Lag Gei) רְוֵה עֹ֑נִי drenched (i.e. sated) with affliction.

רֹאֶה

n.[m.] seer, c. art. הָר׳ (except II Samuel 15:27);—old name for נָבִיא I Samuel 9:9, used of Sam. v I Samuel 9:9, I Samuel 9:11, I Samuel 9:18, I Samuel 9:19 and (as archaism) I Chronicles 9:22; I Chronicles 26:28; I Chronicles 29:29; of חֲנָנִי II Chronicles 16:7, II Chronicles 16:10; הֲרוֹאִה appar. of Zadok II Samuel 15:27, but crpt. (conj. in We Dr); pl. (c. prep.) לָרֹאִים Isaiah 30:10 the seers, as a class.

רֹאֶה²

n.[m.] prophetic vision שָׁגוּ בָּר׳ Isaiah 28:7 they reel in (their) vision (‖ פָּקוּ פְּלִילִיָּה).

רֹאֶה³

n.pr.m. I Chronicles 2:52, v. רְאָיָה infr.

רַאֲוָה

Ezekiel 28:17 v. √ Qal Inf., and 8 a (6).

רְאוּת

n.f. look;—cstr. רְאוּת עֵינָיו Ecclesiastes 5:10 Qr (Kt ראית).

רְאָיָה

n.pr.m. (י׳ hath seen);—

Judaite I Chronicles 4:2 (Ραδα, A Ρεια, 𝔊L Ρεαα), = iii. הָרֹאֶה I Chronicles 2:52 (crpt.; Αιω, A Αραα).

Reubenite I Chronicles 5:5, Ρηχα, 𝔊L Ραια.

post-ex. name Ezra 2:47 (Ρεηλ A 𝔊L Ραια) = Nehemiah 7:49 (Ραεα, A 𝔊L Ρααια).

רְאוּבֵן

n.pr.m. Reuben, Ρουβην[ιν] (behold a son! but Genesis 29:32 makes = רָאָה בְּעָנְיִי(!); Jos^{Ant. i, 19, 7 al.} Ρουβηλος, 𝔖 ܪܘܽܒܝܺܠ, ר׳ then perhaps = Arabic رِيبَالٌ lion, cf. Di);—

eldest son of Jacob and Leah Genesis 29:32; Genesis 30:14 + 11 times Gn, Exodus 1:2; I Chronicles 2:1; as head of family or clan Exodus 6:14^(×2); Numbers 1:20; Numbers 26:5 (all P), I Chronicles 5:1, I Chronicles 5:3, cf. בְּנֵי אֱלִיאָב בֶּן־רְא׳ Deuteronomy 11:6.

as name of clan or tribe Judges 5:15, Judges 5:16; Deuteronomy 27:13; Joshua 18:7 (+ גָּד; both D), Deuteronomy 33:6 (poem), Ezekiel 48:6, Ezekiel 48:7, Ezekiel 48:31; Numbers 1:5 (P); so מַטֵה ר׳ Numbers 1:21; Numbers 13:4; Joshua 20:8; Joshua 21:7 (all P), I Chronicles 6:48, I Chronicles 6:63, מַחֲנֵה ר׳ Numbers 2:10, Numbers 2:16; Numbers 10:18 (all P); בְּנֵי ר׳, as tribe, Numbers 16:1; Numbers 32:37 (both JE), Numbers 2:10; Numbers 7:20; Numbers 26:5; Joshua 13:23^(×2) (all P), also (+ Gad and often Manasseh) Numbers 32:1, Numbers 32:2, Numbers 32:6, Numbers 32:25 (JE), Joshua 4:12 (D), Numbers 32:29, Numbers 32:31, Numbers 32:33; Joshua 22:9 + 11 times 22 (all P), cf. I Chronicles 5:18; בֶן־ר׳ as tribe Joshua 15:6; Joshua 18:7 (both P), מַטֵּה בְּנֵי־ר׳ Joshua 13:15 (P).

ראות

רְאֵם

n.m. ^{Job 39:10} wild ox (Assyrian rêmu Dl^{HWB 603} (ראם), Houghton^{TSBA v (1877), 336 ff., and illustr. bef. p. 33} Schr^{KGF 135 ff., 530} Hom^{NS 257 ff., 410, 436 f.} Dr Deuteronomy 33:17; on strength and ferocity, Plin^{NH viii. 21}; Aramaic רְאֵמָא, רֵימָא, רֵימָנָא, ܪܰܝܡܳܐ (Lag^{BN 58}); Arabic رِىْٔمٌ is white antelope, antilope leucoryx; 𝔊 (erron.) μονόκερως (Isaiah 34:7 ἁδροί), 𝔙 unicornis, and (oftener) rhinoceros);—abs. ר׳ Numbers 23:22 +, רְאֵים Psalms 92:11, רֵים Job 39:9, Job 39:10; pl. רְאֵמִים Isaiah 34:7 Psalms 29:6, רֵמִים Psalms 22:22 (v. Baer);—wild ox, as fierce and strong Job 39:9, Job 39:10; sim. of strength of Isr., כְּתוֹעֲפוֹה ר׳ לוֹ Numbers 23:22 = Numbers 24:8 (JE), רַתָּרֶם כִּרְאֵם קַרְנִי Psalms 92:11; so fig. of Joseph, קֵּרְנֵי ר׳ קַרְנָיו Deuteronomy 33:17; fig. of princes of Edom Isaiah 34:7 (+ פָּרִים עִם אַבִּירִים); of powerful foes, מִקַּרְנֵי רֵמִים Psalms 22:22; in sim. of skipping, leaping, בֶּן־רְאֵמִים Psalms 29:6 (‖ עֵגֶל).

רְאוּמָה

n.pr.f. concubine of Nahor Genesis 22:23 (J); A Ρεηρα, 𝔊L Ρεημα.

רָאמוֹת

n.[f.pl.] usually corals (so Ki; black corals Thes (פְּנִינִים = red corals); cf. Arabic رَأْمَةٌ, sea-shell, We^{Heid. 2. 163});—as costly Job 28:18, as merchandise, רָאמֹת Ezekiel 27:16;—רָאמוֹת לֶאֱוִיל חָכְמוֹת Proverbs 24:7, reading and sense dub., v. Toy.

רָֽאֲמָה

ii. רָאמוֹת, רָאמַת v. רום, ii. רמה.

רָאשׁ

poor, רֵאשׁ poverty, v. רושׁ.

רֹאשׁ

n.m. Leviticus 13:45 head (common Sem. word; earliest form *ra’š, Arabic رَأْسٌ, Sab. ראס Prä^{ZMG xxix (1875), 425} Mordtm^{Him. Inschr. 31}; Ethiopic ርእስ: Amh. ራስ: hence (a heightened) Assyrian rêšu (rarely râšu), Aramaic רֵישָׁא (Egyptian Aramaic ראשׁ Cooke^{North-Sem. Inscr. 404}), ܪܺܝܫܳܐ, mod. raïša, Huart^{JAs xii (1878), 491} Duval^{id. xiii (1879), 464}; Palm. רשׁא, Lzb³⁶⁶, cf. BH רִישׁוֹן, רֵאשִׁית; from *ra’š, also BH *רָאשׁ, רֹאשׁ (Lag^{Symm. i. 113}), TelAm. rušu(nu) Wkl ^{189, 18} (gloss to ḳaḳḳadunu), NH = BH; SI⁶ ראש, Ph. רש, ראש (in n.pr.), Pun. rus (in n.pr.loc.) Schröd^{Ph. Spr. 133}, ראשת choicest, chief; on MI²⁰ (sf.) רשה, l.²⁸ ש[ר], cf. Sm. u. So¹⁴ Nö^{LCB Jan. 8, 1887, 60});—ר׳ abs. Genesis 3:15 +, cstr. Genesis 40:20 +; sf. רֹאשִׁי v Genesis 3:16 +, etc.; pl. *רָאשִׁים (for רְאָשִׁם Nö^{GGA 1884, 1019}) Exodus 18:25 +; cstr. רָאשֵׁי Hosea 7:13 + [מֵרַאֲשֹׁתֵי I Samuel 26:12 v. מְרַאֲשׁוֹת infr.]; sf. רָאשֵׁינוּ I Chronicles 12:19, רָאשֵׁיכֶם Isaiah 29:10 +, etc.;—

(c. 230 times) head, of human being; man Genesis 40:16, Genesis 40:17 + often, לְר׳ גֶּבֶר Judges 5:30 for the head of a man, i.e. for each man, per capita; woman II Kings 9:30; Deuteronomy 21:12; Numbers 5:18; Esther 2:17; boy II Kings 4:19^(×2); Genesis 48:14^(×2) +; of י׳, under fig. of armed man Psalms 60:9 = Psalms 108:9; of idol I Samuel 5:4; of gates, personif. Psalms 24:7, Psalms 24:9.

head, of animals: of serpent Genesis 3:15, dog II Samuel 3:8, ass II Kings 6:25, of הַחַיָּה in Ezekiel 1:22 cf. v Ezekiel 1:22, Ezekiel 1:26, of הַכְּרֻבִים Ezekiel 10:1 cf. v Ezekiel 10:11; of sea-monsters, לִוְיָתָן Job 40:31 Psalms 74:14, תַּנִּינִים v Ezekiel 10:13; especially of animals for sacrifice Exodus 12:9; Exodus 29:15, Exodus 29:19 Leviticus 1:4, Leviticus 1:8, Leviticus 1:12, Leviticus 1:15; Leviticus 3:2, Leviticus 3:8 + 18 times P; in phr. ר׳ וְזָנָב Isaiah 9:13 (fig. of noble and commoner) cf. v Ezekiel 10:14; Isaiah 19:15, so (fig. of relative dignity, power, influence) Deuteronomy 28:13, Deuteronomy 28:44.

top (88 times): of mt., הַר, Genesis 8:5; Exodus 19:20^(×2); Exodus 24:17; Exodus 34:2 + 34 times; hill, גִּבְעָה, Exodus 17:9, Exodus 17:10 (E), II Samuel 5:24; ר׳ מְרוֹמִים Proverbs 8:2 + Proverbs 1:21 Toy (for MT הֹמִיּוֹת), ר׳ גֵּיא שְׁמָנִים Isaiah 28:1, Isaiah 28:4; of rocks, צֻרִים, Numbers 23:9 (JE), crag, סֶלַע, II Chronicles 25:12^(×2); tower Genesis 11:4 (J), stronghold Judges 6:26, ladder Genesis 28:12 (E), tree II Samuel 5:24 = I Chronicles 14:15, bough Isaiah 17:6 cf. Ezekiel 17:4, Ezekiel 17:22, mast (?; חִבֵּל) Proverbs 23:34 (otherwise Toy); of ears of grain, שִׁבֹּלֶת Job 24:24, of stone Genesis 28:18 (E), bed, מִטָּה, Genesis 47:31 (J), throne, ר׳ עָגוֹל לַכִּסֵּה I Kings 10:19, tabern., or its wall, Exodus 26:24 = Exodus 36:29 (P); pillar (= capital) I Kings 7:16, I Kings 7:17 + 13 times, מְכוֹנָה v I Kings 7:35^(×2), lampstand Zechariah 4:2^(×2), h.p.’s robe, מְעִיל, Exodus 28:32(P), ר׳ פִּנָּה Psalms 118:22 top of (the) corner, i.e. most conspicuous stone (fig.); = tip, end, of staves I Kings 8:8=II Chronicles 5:9, of sceptre Esther 5:2.

height of stars Job 22:12 (‖ גֹּבַהּ שָׁמַיִם).

head = chief (man) Judges 10:18; Judges 11:8, Judges 11:9, Judges 11:11; Exodus 18:25 (E), Numbers 1:16 (P), Deuteronomy 1:15; Hosea 2:2; Micah 3:1 + often; appar. combined with idea of first in a series I Chronicles 12:10 (van d. H. v I Chronicles 12:9, series of 11); of God II Chronicles 13:12.

= chief (city) Joshua 11:10 (D), cf. (of city and king) Isaiah 7:8^(×2), Isaiah 7:9^(×2).

chief nation Jeremiah 31:7.

= chief (place, position) I Samuel 9:22; I Kings 21:9, I Kings 21:12; Deuteronomy 20:9; I Chronicles 4:42 (cf. also 5).

כֹּהֵן הָרֹאשׁ chief priest II Kings 25:18 = Jeremiah 52:24; II Chronicles 19:11; II Chronicles 24:11; II Chronicles 26:20, הַכֹּהֵן רֹאשׁ I Chronicles 27:5, הַכּ׳ הָר׳ II Chronicles 31:10; Ezra 7:5; ר׳ alone II Chronicles 24:6; רָאשֵׁי הַכֹּהֲנִים Nehemiah 12:7.

especially = head of a family (P Chr); רָאשֵׁי בֵּית (rare רֹאשׁ) אֲבוֹתָ(ם) Exodus 6:14; Numbers 7:2; Numbers 17:18; Joshua 22:14; I Chronicles 5:24; I Chronicles 7:7, I Chronicles 7:9; ר׳ בֵּית הָאָבוֹת v I Chronicles 7:40; ר׳ לְבֵית אֲבֹתָיו Numbers 1:4, cf. I Chronicles 5:15, I Chronicles 5:24; I Chronicles 7:2; I Chronicles 9:13; I Chronicles 24:4; ר׳ אֻמּוֹת בֵּית־אָב Numbers 25:15; ר׳ אֲבוֹת הָעֵדָה Numbers 31:26 cf. Numbers 32:28 Joshua 14:1; Joshua 21:1; ר׳ אֲבוֹת הַלְוִיִּם Exodus 6:25; Joshua 21:1; ר׳ (הָ)אָבוֹת לַלְּוִיִּם I Chronicles 9:33, I Chronicles 9:34; I Chronicles 15:12, cf. Numbers 36:1; Joshua 19:51; I Chronicles 8:6, I Chronicles 8:13; I Chronicles 23:9, I Chronicles 23:24 + 10 times Chr.; abs. ר׳ (הָ)אָבוֹת I Chronicles 8:10, I Chronicles 8:28; I Chronicles 9:9; I Chronicles 26:32; I Chronicles 27:1; II Chronicles 1:2 + 8 times Ezr Ne (Chr); ר׳ אֲבֹתֵיהֶם Ezra 8:1; רָאשִׁים לְאָבוֹת Nehemiah 11:13; so also ר׳ alone I Chronicles 5:7, I Chronicles 5:12; I Chronicles 7:3; I Chronicles 8:28 +; appar. combined with idea of first in a series I Chronicles 23:8 (series of 3), v I Chronicles 8:11 (of 4), v I Chronicles 8:19 (of 3), v I Chronicles 8:20 (of 2).

head = front, leader’s place Micah 2:13; II Chronicles 20:27, cf. Amos 6:7.

of time, beginning, of night-watch Judges 7:19; Lamentations 2:19; abs. מֵרֹאשׁ from the beginning Isaiah 40:21; Isaiah 41:4, Isaiah 41:26 (‖ מִלְּפָנִים), Isaiah 48:16; Proverbs 8:23 (‖ מֵעוֹלָם), Ecclesiastes 3:11 (‖ עַד־סוֹף); first of months Exodus 12:2 (‖ רִאשׁוֹן), Numbers 10:10; Numbers 28:11 (all P); בָּרֹאשׁ I Chronicles 16:7 at first.

of things, river-heads Genesis 2:10 (J); ר׳ עַפְרוֹת תֵּבֵל Proverbs 8:26.

chief, choicest, best, of spices, בשׂמ(ים), Ezekiel 27:22; Exodus 30:23 (P), Song of Songs 4:14; ר׳ שִׂמְחָתִי Psalms 137:6 the choicest of my joy.

head = division of army, company, band: Judges 7:16, Judges 7:20; Judges 9:34, Judges 9:37, Judges 9:43, Judges 9:44^(×2); I Samuel 11:11; I Samuel 13:17^(×2), I Samuel 13:18^(×2); Job 1:17.

= sum, especially in phr. נָשָׂא אֶת־ר׳ בְּנֵי־יִשׂ׳ Exodus 30:12 take the sum of, enumerate, cf. Numbers 1:2, Numbers 1:49; Numbers 4:2, Numbers 4:22; Numbers 26:2; Numbers 31:26, Numbers 31:49; בְּרֹאשׁוֹ Leviticus 5:24 in its sum, i.e. in full, so Numbers 5:7 (all P); of י׳’s thoughts Psalms 139:17; cf. רֹאשׁ דְּבָֽרְךָ אֱמֶת Psalms 119:160. 8. other phr. are: נָשָׂא אֶת־רֹאשׁ פ׳ v. נָשָׂא Qal 1 b (2); יָרוּם רֹאשִׁי עַל־אֹיְבַי Psalms 27:6, י׳ מֵרִים רֹאשִׁי Psalms 3:4 (Psalms 110:7; Psalms 140:10 v. רום); shake the head, v. נוּעַ Hiph., cf. יָנִיד בְּרֹאשׁוֹ Jeremiah 8:16, מְנוֹד רֹאשׁ Psalms 44:15; נָתַן דֶּרֶךְ בְּרֹאשׁ, i.e. requite, v. נתן Qal 2 b ad fin.; יָשׁוּב גְּמֻלְךָ בְּר׳ Obadiah 1:15, cf. Psalms 7:17 I Kings 2:33 (sub דָּם 2 i), and (c. עַל־ר׳) Esther 9:25, הֵשִׁיב רָעָה בְּרֹאשׁ Judges 9:57; I Samuel 25:39; I Kings 2:44, cf. Joel 4:4, Joel 4:7; I Kings 2:32 (sub דָּם 2 i), cf. Nehemiah 3:36 (אֶל־רֹאשָׁם), v. also II Samuel 3:29 sub I. חוּל 3; see, further, דָּם 2 i; Daniel 1:10 v. חוּב Pi.

רִאשׁוֹן

adj. former, first, chief (i heightened from orig. a, v. √);—abs. ר׳ Hosea 2:19 +, שֹׁן- Exodus 12:15 +, רִישׁוֹן Job 8:8, cstr. רִאשׁוֹן Job 15:7 Qr (Kt ראישון, and so always Cod. Sam. Pent., v. Kö^{ii. 1. 225 n}); f. רִאשֹׁנָה Judges 20:37 + (Joshua 21:10 Kt ראישנה, v. supr.); mpl. רִאשֹׁנִים Exodus 34:1 +, fpl. רִאשֹׁנוֹת Isaiah 41:22 +, etc.;—

former:

in time, former of two Genesis 25:25 (J), Genesis 41:20 (E), Deuteronomy 10:1, Deuteronomy 10:2, Deuteronomy 10:3, Deuteronomy 10:4, Deuteronomy 10:10; Deuteronomy 24:4, cf. Hosea 2:9; Leviticus 4:21; Leviticus 9:15 (both P), Judges 20:39; II Kings 1:14; Haggai 2:3, Haggai 2:9; Ezra 3:12 +; more gen. former, previous, Numbers 21:26 (JE), Micah 4:8; II Kings 17:34, II Kings 17:40; Zechariah 1:4; Zechariah 7:7, Zechariah 7:12; Zechariah 8:11; Nehemiah 5:15; Ecclesiastes 7:10 Psalms 79:8 +; כָּעֵת הָר׳ Isaiah 8:23; דִּבְרֵי דויד הָר׳ †I Chronicles 29:29 the doings of David, the former and the latter (הָאַחֲרֹנִים), cf. †II Chronicles 9:29; II Chronicles 12:15; II Chronicles 16:11; II Chronicles 20:34; II Chronicles 25:26; II Chronicles 26:22; II Chronicles 28:26; II Chronicles 35:27; early days of harvest II Samuel 21:9; רִאשֹׁנִים as subst., former persons, ancestors, men of old, Deuteronomy 19:14; Leviticus 26:45 (H), Ecclesiastes 1:11 (opp. אַחֲרֹנִים); (הָ)רִאשֹׁנוֹת as subst. the former things, i.e. past events Isaiah 41:22; Isaiah 43:9, Isaiah 43:18; Isaiah 46:9; Isaiah 48:3, earlier predictions Isaiah 42:9.

loc., foremost, of two II Samuel 18:27.

first:

in time, הַמַּכָּה הָר׳ I Samuel 14:14 the first slaughter (prelim. to general carnage); וְלֹא־הָיָה דְּבָרִי ר׳ II Samuel 19:44 was not my word first? ר׳ in appos. with pers. subj. †II Samuel 19:21 I am come as first, cf. perhaps Isaiah 41:27 (ins. אָמַרְתִּי Ges De < read הִגַּדְתִּים for הִנֵּה הִנָּם, Che^Hpt Kit^Di), and הָר׳ Jeremiah 50:17 (opp. הָאַחֲרוֹן), Isaiah 43:27; ר׳ abs., first of mankind Job 15:17; abs. of י׳, I (am the) first Isaiah 41:4 (+ אֶת־ אַחֲרֹנִים), + אַחֲרוֹן Isaiah 44:6; Isaiah 48:12; abs. of time, מֵרִאשׁוֹן Jeremiah 17:12 from the beginning; especially first of a def. series (sometimes opp. אַחֲרוֹן), first day of feast Deuteronomy 16:4; Exodus 12:15^(×2), Exodus 12:16 + 5 times P (H), Nehemiah 8:18; usually first month (חֹדֶשׁ) Exodus 40:2, Exodus 40:17; Leviticus 23:5 + 6 times P, I Chronicles 12:16 (van d. H. v I Chronicles 12:15) + 10 times Ch Ezr, Esther 3:7; Daniel 10:4, חֹדֶשׁ om. Genesis 8:13; Exodus 12:2, Exodus 12:18; Numbers 9:5 (all P) Ezekiel 29:17; Ezekiel 30:20; Ezekiel 45:18, Ezekiel 45:21, so Joel 2:23, but read כָּרִאשׁוֹנָה (3 a) 𝔊 𝔖 We Now and Dr.

first in degree, chief: יַד הַשָּׁרִים … רִאשׁוֹנָה Ezra 9:2 the hand of the princes … has been first in this trespass; I Chronicles 18:17; Daniel 10:13 (cf. Esther 1:14 infr.).

fem. c. prep. as adv.; phr.: (1) of time, בָּרִאשֹׁנָה Genesis 13:4 (J), = before, formerly, so Joshua 8:5, Joshua 8:6 (JE), II Samuel 7:10; II Samuel 20:18; Jeremiah 7:12; Isaiah 52:4, לָר׳ = before, formerly, Genesis 28:19 (J), Judges 18:29; so כְּבָר׳ as formerly Judges 20:32; I Kings 13:6; Isaiah 1:26; Jeremiah 33:7, Jeremiah 33:11, = כָּר׳ Deuteronomy 9:15; Daniel 11:29 (opp. כָּאַחֲרוֹנָה); בָּר׳ = at first, first of all, Deuteronomy 13:10; Deuteronomy 17:7 Numbers 10:13 (P) Joshua 8:33 (D), I Kings 17:13; I Kings 20:9; Zechariah 12:7; Proverbs 20:21 (opp. אַחֲרִיתָהּ), I Chronicles 11:6^(×2); I Chronicles 17:9; Nehemiah 7:5; לְמַבָּרִאשׁוֹנָה I Chronicles 15:13 (= לְמַה־בָּר׳) for what was at first, etc. (מָה 1 e); (2) loc., בָּר׳, i.e. at the head of an army I Kings 20:17, a procession Numbers 10:14 (P), cf. Isaiah 60:9.

רִאשֹׁנָה alone as adv.: (1) of time, first Genesis 38:28 (J), I Kings 18:25; Jeremiah 16:18; Leviticus 5:8; Numbers 2:9; Joshua 21:10 (all P), Isaiah 65:7 (Ew De Che Di Du Skinner, > adj. Ges Hi Kn); (2) of place Genesis 33:2 (J); (3) of degree, rank, Esther 1:14.

רֵאשִׁית

n.f. beginning, chief (for רְאֵשִׁית Nö^{GGA 1884, 1019}, cf. Holz^{Hex 465}; Syriac ܪܺܝܫܺܝܬܳܐ );—abs. ר׳ Deuteronomy 33:21 +, cstr. ר׳ Genesis 10:10 +, רֵשִׁית Deuteronomy 11:12; sf. רֵאשִׁיתוֹ Ecclesiastes 7:8, רֵאשִׁתוֹ Job 42:12, etc.;—

beginning, of kingdom Genesis 10:10 (J), year Deuteronomy 11:12, reign Jeremiah 26:1; Jeremiah 27:1; Jeremiah 28:1; Jeremiah 49:34; = first phase, step, or element in course of events Isaiah 46:10 (opp. אַחֲרִית); of a thing (דָּבָר) Ecclesiastes 7:8 (opp. id.); of sin Micah 1:13, strife Proverbs 17:14, wisdom Psalms 111:10, knowledge Proverbs 1:7; thy beginning Job 8:7 = thine early life, so his beginning Job 42:12 (both opp. אַחֲרִית); ר׳ before cl., בְּר׳ בָּרָא א׳ Genesis 1:1 in the beginning when God created (> abs. in the beginning God created); ר׳ אֹנִי Genesis 49:3 (poem) beginning (first product) of my manly vigour (‖ בְּכֹרִי, כֹּחִי), so Deuteronomy 21:17 Psalms 78:51 (both ‖ בְּכוֹר), Psalms 105:36; cf. ר׳ דַּרְכֵי אֵל Job 40:19 (of hippopot.), ר׳ דַּרְכּוֹ Proverbs 8:22 (of wisdom); = first season (of a tree) Hosea 9:10; ר׳ גּוֹיִם Numbers 24:20 (JE), first, earliest, of nations.

first of fruits Exodus 23:19 (E), Exodus 34:26 (JE), Deuteronomy 26:2, Deuteronomy 26:10; Ezekiel 44:30, of harvest Leviticus 23:10 (H), grain Deuteronomy 18:4; II Chronicles 31:5, dough Numbers 15:20, Numbers 15:21 (P), Ezekiel 44:30; Nehemiah 10:38, wool Deuteronomy 18:4; of כָּל־תְּבוּאָחֶ֑ךָ Proverbs 3:9; Israel is ר׳ תְּבוּאָתֹה Jeremiah 2:3 (i.e. of י׳’s increase); ר׳ = first-fruits Leviticus 2:12 (P), Numbers 18:12 (P), Nehemiah 12:44; ר׳ הָאָרֶץ Ezekiel 48:14.

first, chief, Amos 6:1; ר׳ גְּבוּרָתָם Jeremiah 49:35 (of bows); so appar. ר׳ בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן Daniel 11:41, i.e. the principal part of them (Buhl Marti conj. שְׁאֵרִית, after 𝔖); ר׳ מַשְׂאוֹתֵיכֶם Ezekiel 20:40, i.e. your chief oblations; ר׳ שְׁמָנִים Amos 6:6, i.e. choice oils; = choice part, of land Deuteronomy 33:21, offering I Samuel 2:29, הַחֵרֶם I Samuel 15:21; abs. chief thing Proverbs 4:7 (of wisdom).

רֹאשׁ²

and (†Deuteronomy 32:32) רוֹשׁ n.m. ^{Deuteronomy 32:33} a bitter and poisonous herb, then venom, always fig.;—

a bitter and poisonous herb, + (or ‖) לַעֲנָה Deuteronomy 29:17; Lamentations 3:19, so (מֵי רֹאשׁ) Jeremiah 9:14; Jeremiah 23:15; מֵי ר׳ (without ל׳) Jeremiah 8:14; עִנְּבֵי־רוֹשׁ Deuteronomy 32:32 (‖ מְרֹרֹת); רֹאשׁ וּתְלָאָה Lamentations 3:5; ר׳ alone Psalms 69:22; וּפָרַח כָּרֹאשׁ מִשְׁפָּט Hosea 10:4, הֲפַכְתֶּם לְר׳ מִשְׁפָּט Amos 6:12.

venom, of serpents, ר׳ פְּתָנִים Deuteronomy 32:33; Job 20:16.

רֹאשׁ³

n.m. son of Benj.;—Genesis 46:21, Ρως.

רֹאשׁ⁴

n.pr.gent. Rôsh (so 𝔊 and most; > chief Ew Sm al. (𝔙 principem capitis) Mosoch);—only in phr. נְשִׂיא רֹאשׁ (אֶרֶץ מָגוֹג) גּוֹג מֶשֶׁךְ וְתֻבָ֑ל Ezekiel 38:2, Ezekiel 38:3; Ezekiel 39:1, Ρως; not identified.

רַב

רַב²

רָבַב

vb. be or become, many, much (NH רַב especially lord, master, רַבִּי my master, teacher; MI⁵ adj. pl. רבן; Ph. רב, f. רבת; Assyrian [rabâbu], rabbu; Arabic رَبَّ rear, increase (act.; رُبٌ thick juice, cf. NH רְבָב grease, is thought by Buhl al. to indicate original meaning be thick), رَبٌّ lord, owner, master; Sab. רב especially in n.pr., רבאל, רבבם, רבשמסם, etc., CIS^{iv, nos. 285, 3; 286, 1; 287, 12}, etc.; Liḥy. רבה its lord DHM^{Epigr. Denkm. Ar. 232}; Ethiopic ረበበ: expand, spread (intrans.); Aramaic רַב, ܪܒ great, chief, so Old Aramaic Nab. Palm. רב, Lzb³⁶⁶ Cook¹⁰⁷);—

Pf. 3 fs. consec. וְרַבָּה Exodus 23:29; Isaiah 6:12, רָ֑בָּה Genesis 18:20 (Hosea 9:7 read וְרֹב הַמַּשְׂטֵמָה [for MT וְרַבָּה מ׳] 𝔊 We Now); elsewhere only 3 pl. רַבּוּ I Samuel 25:10 +, רָ֑בּוּ Jeremiah 46:23 + 2 times [other forms supplied by רבה q.v.]; Inf. cstr. רֹב Genesis 6:1; Joshua 9:13; Leviticus 25:16 (‖ מְעֹט), sf. רֻבְּכֶם Deuteronomy 7:7, and perhaps רֻבָּם Hosea 4:7 (cf. רֹב infr.);—

be (become) many, pers. Genesis 6:1 (J) Exodus 23:29 (E; v. supr.), I Samuel 25:10; Hosea 4:7 (perhaps), Isaiah 66:16 Psalms 3:2; Psalms 25:19; Psalms 38:20; Ecclesiastes 5:10, + מִן comp. Jeremiah 46:23; Deuteronomy 7:7 Psalms 69:5; of things Isaiah 22:9 Psalms 4:8; Psalms 104:24, years Leviticus 25:16 (P), sins Jeremiah 5:6; Jeremiah 14:7; Isaiah 59:12; Job 35:6.

become great, Genesis 18:20 (J), Isaiah 6:12; be long, of journey, Joshua 9:13.—

v. [רָבַב] denom.*

רַב³

adj. much, many, great;—ms. abs. ר׳ Genesis 24:25 +, רָ֑ב Genesis 33:9 +, also רָב֥ II Chronicles 20:2, רָב֖ II Chronicles 28:8, רָב֨ Ezra 10:13, etc.; cstr. רַב Exodus 34:6 +; fs. רַבָּה Numbers 11:33 +; cstr. רַבַּת Ezekiel 22:5 +, רַבָּ֫תִי (Ges^{§ 90 k l}) Lamentations 1:1^(×2); mpl. abs. רַבִּים Exodus 23:2^(×2) +, cstr. v. ii. רב; fpl. abs. רַבּוֹת Genesis 30:43 +;—[often both as pred. and as attrib.; as attrib. preceding n. (infl. of usage for numerals? Kö^{Synt. § 334 k} Ges^{§ 132b}): רַב Isaiah 63:7 Psalms 145:7 (but read prob. רֹב, רָב־; in Isaiah 21:7 ר׳ is pred.), רַבִּים Jeremiah 16:16 Psalms 32:10; Psalms 89:51 (on context Bö^NÄ Bae, also Hup), Proverbs 7:26 I Chronicles 28:5, רַבּוֹת Nehemiah 9:28 Proverbs 31:29];—

(often opp. מְעַט)

(1) much: of substances, gold I Kings 10:2 Psalms 19:11, silver (money) II Kings 12:11 = II Chronicles 24:11, bronze I Chronicles 18:8, wine Esther 1:7; of other quantities, e.g. spoil II Samuel 3:22, property II Chronicles 32:29, seed Deuteronomy 28:38, etc.; רַב שֶׁיִּהְיוּ Ecclesiastes 6:3 be it much that his days amount to; (2) especially of collectives, numerous, עַם־רַב Joshua 11:4 II Samuel 13:34, עֲבֻדָּה רַבָּה Genesis 26:14 Job 1:3, מִקְנֶה רַב Deuteronomy 3:19 +, etc.

pl. many: pers. Exodus 5:5; Judges 8:30; Judges 9:40; I Kings 4:20; I Kings 11:1 +, things Genesis 30:43 Amos 5:12 Deuteronomy 31:17 +; n. om. רַבּוֹת Daniel 11:41 (sc. lands; read רִבּוֹת myriads Kmp Bev Behrm Marti Prince); יָמִים רַבִּים many days (a long time) Genesis 21:34; Genesis 37:24 + 28 times, שָׁנִים רַבּוֹת Nehemiah 9:30; Ecclesiastes 6:3, אִם עוֹד רַבּוֹת בַּשָּׁנִים Leviticus 25:51; רַבּוֹת עִתִּים Nehemiah 9:28 many times (v. supr.) = פְּעָמִים רַבּוֹת Psalms 106:43 Ecclesiastes 7:22; מַכָּה רַבָּה Deuteronomy 25:3 many blows; מַיִם רַבִּים many waters Numbers 20:11; Numbers 24:7 + 27 times, cf. Isaiah 8:7; etc.

רַב as subst. coll. pers. Exodus 19:21, also (opp. מְעַט) I Samuel 14:6; Numbers 13:18; Numbers 26:54, Numbers 26:56; Numbers 33:54; Numbers 35:8; so רַבַּת (Ges^{§ 130a}) II Chronicles 30:17, II Chronicles 30:18, and (rei; = much) Ezekiel 24:12; רַב cstr. before abstr. (= רֹב) Isaiah 21:7; Isaiah 63:7 Psalms 145:7; especially pl. רֵבִּים of pers. Exodus 23:2^(×2) + 37 times + בַּת־רַבִּים Song of Songs 7:5 (v. p. 123).

cstr. = abounding in, רַב־בְּרָכוֹת Proverbs 28:20, רַב־חֶסֶד (v. 1. חֶסֶד 3), רַב־כֹּחַ Psalms 147:5, רַב־מְאֵרוֹת Proverbs 28:27, רַב הַמְּהוּמָה Ezekiel 22:5, רַב־נוֹצָה Ezekiel 17:7, רַב־הָעֲלִילִיָּה Jeremiah 32:19, רַב־פְּעָלִים II Samuel 23:20 = I Chronicles 11:22, רַב־פָּ֑שַׁע Proverbs 29:22, רַב־תְּבוּנָה Proverbs 14:29; רַבַּת אוֹצָרֹת Jeremiah 51:13, רַבַּת בָּנִים I Samuel 2:5, רַבָּ֫תִי עָם Lamentations 1:1 (Ges^{§ 90 1}).

+ מִן comp. = more numerous than Exodus 1:9; Numbers 22:15; Joshua 10:11; Judges 16:30; II Kings 6:16; Isaiah 54:1; I Chronicles 24:4; II Chronicles 32:7; Daniel 11:13; sq. inf., too many to Genesis 36:7; Judges 7:2 (cf. v Judges 7:4); vid. also foll.

רַב = abundant, enough Genesis 24:25; Genesis 33:9; as exclam. enough! Genesis 45:28; II Samuel 24:16 = I Chronicles 21:15; I Kings 19:4, so (+ מִן inf.) Exodus 9:28 (מִן 6 d); רַב־לָךְ (with implication of excess) Deuteronomy 3:26 (let it) suffice thee! so רַב־לָכֶם Ezekiel 45:9, also Numbers 16:3, Numbers 16:7 = ye assume too much! + inf. it is enough for you to Deuteronomy 1:6; Deuteronomy 2:3 (i.e. you have done it enough), so + מִן inf. I Kings 12:28, מִן subst. Ezekiel 44:6.

as adv. much, exceedingly (only ψψ), רַב Psalms 123:3, רָ֜ב Psalms 18:15 (Hup De Che al.; HPS II Samuel 22:15 conj. רָמָה; om. ‖ II Samuel 22:15); רַבָּה Psalms 62:3; Psalms 78:15; Psalms 89:8 (𝔊 Bae רַב הוּא); רַבַּת (Aramaism, cf. Syriac ܪܶܒܰܬ, ܪܰܒܰܬ, Nö^{§ 155 A} W^{SG 135}) Psalms 65:10; Psalms 120:6 (= long enough), Psalms 123:4; Psalms 129:1, Psalms 120:2.

great:

of person Psalms 48:3, space I Samuel 26:13, the deep Amos 7:4 Genesis 7:11 Isaiah 51:10 Psalms 36:7 (fig.), city Lamentations 1:1 (רַבָּ֫תִי בַגּוֹיִם Ges^{§ 90 1}),—v. also צִידוֹן, חֲמָת;—plague Numbers 11:33, empire Esther 1:20, goodness Psalms 31:20, wickedness Genesis 6:5, etc.

specif. strong (opp. אֵין כֹּחַ) II Chronicles 14:10; רַב לְהוֹשִׁיעַ Isaiah 63:1; so רַבִּים as subst. Isaiah 53:12 (‖ עֲצוּמִים).

major natu Genesis 25:23 (opp. צָעִיר); רַבִּים as subst. grandævi, Job 32:9.

+ מִן comp. greater than Deuteronomy 7:1, Deuteronomy 7:17; Deuteronomy 9:14; Deuteronomy 20:1; too great for Joshua 19:9; I Kings 19:7.—Proverbs 26:10 is hopelessly corrupt, v. Toy.

רַב⁴

n.m. chief (Assyrian-Bab. influence, cf. rab Dl^{HWB 609b}; Biblical Aramaic רַב);—cstr. ר׳ Jeremiah 39:9 +; pl. cstr. רַבֵּי Jeremiah 39:13; Jeremiah 41:1 (but v. infr.);—especially רַב־ טַבָּחִים chief of guardsmen (v. טַבָּח), only as title of Bab. officer Jeremiah 39:9, Jeremiah 39:10 + 15 times Je, 7 times ‖ II Kings 25 (cf. שַׂר הַטּ׳ in Gn [JE]); also †רַב הַחֹבֵל Jonah 1:6 chief of the sailors, i.e. captain; †in gen. כָּל־רַב בֵּיתוֹ Esther 1:8, †רַב־סָרִיסָיו Daniel 1:3 (v. סָרִיס), and so רַבֵּי מֶלֶךְ בָּבֶל Jeremiah 39:13, רַבֵּי הַמֶּלֶךְ Jeremiah 41:1 (late gloss; om. 𝔊 and ‖ II Kings 25:25, so Hi Gf Gie). †The foll. titles of Assyrian-Bab. officers are prob. loan-words in Heb.: רַב־מָ֑ג Jeremiah 39:3, Jeremiah 39:13 usually chief soothsayer (v. מָ֑ג), but = rab-mugi [? chief of princes] Pinches ^{Hast. DB. Rab-mag}; רַב־סָרִיס (cf. Old Aramaic [Nineveh] רב סרס Lzb³⁶⁶), II Kings 18:17 (Assyrian; not in ‖ Isaiah 36:2), Jeremiah 39:3, Jeremiah 39:13 (Bab.), usually chief eunuch, but = rabû-ša-rêši, chief of the heads (the principal men) Wkl ^{Unters. z. altor. Gesch., 1889, Excurs. v, p. 138} (actually found as rubû-ša-ri-ešu Pinches^{Acad. June 25, 1892, 618}), Pinches^{Hast. DB. Rab-saris}; רַב־שָׁקֵה (van d. H. רַבְשָׁקֵה) chief of the officers (?) (so prob. Assyrian rab- ŠAḲ; šaḳû = high one; COT II Kings 18:17 KB^{ii. 23} Dl^{HWB 685a} Tiele^{Bab.-Assyrian Gesch. 497. 513} Pinches^{Hast. DB. iv. 191}), II Kings 18:17, II Kings 18:19, II Kings 18:26, II Kings 18:27, II Kings 18:28, II Kings 18:37; II Kings 19:4, II Kings 19:8 = Isaiah 36:2, Isaiah 36:4, Isaiah 36:11, Isaiah 36:12, Isaiah 36:13, Isaiah 36:22; Isaiah 37:4, Isaiah 37:8.

רַבָּה

n.pr.loc. Rabba (proposes great or populous, sc. city);—

capital of Ammonites: explicitly, רַבַּת בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן II Samuel 12:26, II Samuel 12:27; II Samuel 17:27; Deuteronomy 3:11; Jeremiah 49:2; Ezekiel 21:25; רַבָּה alone II Samuel 11:1 ‖ I Chronicles 20:1^(×2), Amos 1:14; Jeremiah 49:3; Ezekiel 25:5; Joshua 13:25 (P); c. ה loc. רַבָּ֑תָה II Samuel 12:29; in Gk. period Philadelphia, Lag^{Onom. 215, 94; 219, 82} (but Ραββαταμανα Polyb v. 71:4), mod. ʿAmmân, 13½ m. NE. from Heshbon, 28½ m. E. of Jordan; cf. Buhl^{Geogr. 260};—𝔊 Ραββαθ, Ραββα.

הָרַבָּה, city in Judah Joshua 15:60 (P), site unknown;—𝔊 Σωθηβα, A 𝔊L Αρεββα.

רֹב

n.m. Job 11:2 multitude, abundance, greatness;—abs. ר׳ Genesis 16:10 +, רוֹב I Chronicles 4:38; II Chronicles 31:10 + Job 33:19 Qr (Kt ריב); cstr. רֹב Exodus 15:7 + (רֹב־ Job 37:23 Baer Gi), רָב־ Job 23:6 +; II Kings 19:23 and pl. cstr. רֻבֵּי Hosea 8:12 v. infr.;—

multitude (c. 125 times): of pers. Hosea 10:13; Proverbs 14:28; Proverbs 20:6; Esther 10:3 +; of things Isaiah 1:11; Isaiah 47:12; Ezekiel 27:18; Leviticus 27:16; Proverbs 10:19; Job 11:2 +; = great quantity, abundance Genesis 27:28; Hosea 9:7 + often (II Kings 19:23 Qr [= Isaiah 37:24 Kt], > Kt רכב; II Chronicles 24:27 Kt ורב, > Qr יִרֶב), + (of time) רֹב שָׁנִים Job 32:8 (Gi; v Job 32:7 van d. H., Baer), בְּרֹב יָמִים Ecclesiastes 11:1; = whole number (of bones) Job 4:14; Job 33:19 (Qr; Kt ריב); especially לָרֹב in respect of, for, multitude, in sim., like sand, stars, etc., Joshua 11:4 (JE), I Samuel 13:5; II Samuel 17:11 + 10 times; = abundantly, c. vb. (= הַרְבֵּה) Genesis 30:30 (J), Genesis 48:16 (E), I Kings 1:19, I Kings 1:25; I Kings 10:10; usually late Nehemiah 9:25; Job 26:3; Zechariah 14:14; I Chronicles 4:38; II Chronicles 9:9 (‖ הַרְבֵּה I Kings 10:10) + 23 times Ch; as pred. c. הָיָה I Chronicles 22:14; = in great numbers, II Chronicles 30:5, II Chronicles 30:24; nearly = adj. (c. subst.; = רַב) II Chronicles 9:1 (‖ רַב I Kings 10:2), II Chronicles 16:8; II Chronicles 24:24; II Chronicles 30:13; מֵרֹב from multitude of, Deuteronomy 7:7; Deuteronomy 28:47 + 14 times; abs. from (for) mult. I Kings 7:47; Genesis 16:10; Genesis 32:13 (J), I Kings 3:8; I Kings 8:5 = II Chronicles 5:6.

greatness (c. 26 times): מֵר׳ שִׂיחִי I Samuel 1:16, רֹב חַסְדֶּ֑ךָ Nehemiah 13:22 Psalms 5:8; Psalms 69:14, cf. Psalms 106:45, ר׳ כֹּחַ Isaiah 63:1; Job 23:6; Job 30:18 Psalms 33:16, etc.; read רֹב prob. also (for רַב) Isaiah 63:7 Psalms 145:7; = length of journey (cf. vb. Joshua 9:13) בְּרֹב דַּרְכֵּךְ Isaiah 57:10; Hosea 8:12 Qr רֻבֵּי תוֹרָתִי = greatnesses [great things], or numerous things, of my law, but form dubious, read perhaps רֹב תּוֹרֹתַי (sub 1), so We (cf. 𝔊); Gr al. דִּבְרֵי; > Kt רבו, v. רִבּוֹ.—Leviticus 25:16; Deuteronomy 7:7; Hosea 4:7, v. √.

רְבָבָה

n. f. multitude, myriad, ten thousand (Kö^{ii. 1, 221});—abs. ר׳ Genesis 24:60 +; sf. רִבְבָתוֹ Kt I Samuel 18:7 + 2 times (Qr רִבְבֹתָיו); pl. abs. רְבָבוֹת I Samuel 18:8; cstr. רִֽבְבוֹת Micah 6:7 +, רִֽבֲבוֹת Deuteronomy 33:17; sf. v. supr. Qr;—myriad, 10,000: of great number of pers., indef. Genesis 24:60 (J; אַלְפֵי רְבָבָה thousands of myriads), Deuteronomy 33:2 (poem; מֵרִבְבוֹת קֹדֶשׁ, but v. קֹדֶשׁ, ad fin.), Psalms 3:7 Song of Songs 5:10; רִֽבְבוֹת אַלְפֵי יִשׂ׳ Numbers 10:36, cf. Deuteronomy 33:17 (poem);—רְבָבָה Ezekiel 16:7 read רְבִי 𝔊 Co Berthol Krae;—more precisely: (100, 1000), 10,000, Judges 20:10; opp. 2, Deuteronomy 32:30 (poem), opp. 100, Leviticus 26:8 (H), opp. 1000, I Samuel 18:7, I Samuel 18:8; I Samuel 21:12; I Samuel 29:5 Psalms 91:7; so of things, Micah 6:7.

רִבּוֹ

n.f. ^{Ezra 2:64} ten thousand, myriad (later (Aramaizing) synonym of foregoing; perhaps for Aramaic רִבּוּ(ת), Kö^{ii. 1, 221 f.}, but Palm. רבו Lzb ³⁶⁷);—abs. רִבּוֹ I Chronicles 29:7^(×2); Jonah 4:11 (? cstr.), + cstr. Hosea 8:12 Kt (v. infr.); רִבּוֹא Ezra 2:64 = Nehemiah 7:65; Nehemiah 7:70 (van d. H. v Nehemiah 7:71); du. רִבֹּתַיִם Psalms 68:18; pl. רִבּוֹת Nehemiah 7:69 (van d. H. v Nehemiah 7:70), רִבֹּאוֹת Ezra 2:69; Daniel 11:12;—ten thousand; of pers., 4 × 10,000 + 2000 + 3 × 100 + 60 Ezra 2:64 = Nehemiah 7:65; Nehemiah 7:12 × 10,000 + n. Jonah 4:11; indef. Daniel 11:12 he shall cast down myriads; read רִבּוֹת also v Daniel 11:41 (for MT רַבּוֹת) Kmp Bev Behrm Marti Prince; of things, especially units of value, n. + 10,000 I Chronicles 29:7, n. + 6 × 10,000 + 1000 Ezra 2:69 ‖ n. + 2 × 10,000 Nehemiah 7:69, Nehemiah 7:70 (v. supr.); 10,000 + 8 × 1000 + n. I Chronicles 29:7; indef. רֶכֶב אֱלֹהִים רִבֹּתַיִם Psalms 68:18 (‖ אלפים);—רִבּוֹ תוֹרָתִי Hosea 8:12 (Kt; 10,000 [precepts] of my instruction) would be only early instance, v. רֹב.

רָבַב²

Pu.denom. from preceding:—Pt. fpl. מְרֻבָּבוֹת Psalms 144:13 multiplied ten thousand-fold.

רָבַב³

vb. shoot;—

Pf. 3 pl. וָרֹ֑בּוּ (Ges^{§ 67 m}) Genesis 49:23 abs. (בַּעֲלֵי חִצִּים in ‖ l.; Sam. וַיְרִיבֻהוּ, so perhaps 𝔊 ἐλοιδόρουν).—רָ֜ב Psalms 18:15 (חִצָּיו in ‖ l.), v. i. רַב 1 g.

רַב⁵

n.m. archer;—s. רַב Proverbs 26:10, pl. רַבִּים Jeremiah 50:29 (‖ דֹּרְכֵי קֶשֶׁת), sf. רַבָּיו Job 16:13 (in fig.; Bö al. רֹבָיו; Vrss. Ew al. his missiles).

רָבִיד

n.[m.] chain, ornament for neck;—abs. ר׳ Ezekiel 16:11; cstr. רְבִד הַזָּהָב Genesis 41:42 (E).

רָבָה

vb. be, or become, much, many, great (NH id.; Assyrian rabû, be great, grow; Arabic رَبَا, Aramaic רְבָא; ܪܒܳܐ, ܪܒܺܝ, all grow, increase);—

Pf. 3 fs. רָֽבְתָה I Samuel 14:30; 2 ms. וְרָבִ֫יתָ consec. Deuteronomy 30:16; 3 pl. רָבוּ Ezra 9:6 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְבֶּה Deuteronomy 8:13 +, juss. יִ֫רֶב Genesis 1:22 + II Chronicles 24:27 Qr (< ורב Kt, v. רֹב 1), וַיִּ֫רֶב Exodus 1:20; 3 fs. תִּרְבֶּה Deuteronomy 7:22; Daniel 12:4, וַתֵּ֫רֶב Genesis 43:34; I Kings 5:10; 3 mpl. יִרְבּוּ Deuteronomy 11:31 +, יִרְבּוּן Psalms 139:18, יִרְבְּיֻן Deuteronomy 8:13, etc.; Imv. ms. וּרְבֵה Genesis 35:11; Inf. cstr. רְבוֹת Exodus 11:9 +;—Pt. רֹבֶה v. II. רבה;—

become many, numerous:

of a people, Exodus 1:10, Exodus 1:12 (J), v Exodus 1:20 (E), Deuteronomy 6:3; Deuteronomy 8:1; Deuteronomy 30:16 Zechariah 10:8; I Chronicles 5:23; רָבוּ לְמָ֑עְלָה I Chronicles 23:17; especially + פרה be fruitful and multiply Jeremiah 3:16; Jeremiah 23:3 (fig. of flock), Genesis 47:27 (P), Exodus 1:7 (P), Psalms 107:38, also (of man and beast) Ezekiel 36:11; of children Job 27:14; צַדִּיקִים Proverbs 28:28, בִּרְבוֹת צ׳ Proverbs 29:2 (Toy רְדוֹת rule, ‖ מְשֹׁל), בר׳ רְשַׁעִים v Proverbs 29:16 (Toy id.).

of animals Deuteronomy 7:22 (+ עַל pers.), Deuteronomy 8:13 I Chronicles 5:9; + פרה Genesis 1:22 Genesis 8:17 (both P; cf. Ezekiel 36:11 supr.).

of things Deuteronomy 8:13^(×2); Ezekiel 31:5; Exodus 11:9 (P), Ecclesiastes 5:10; of sins Ezra 9:6 (+ לְמַ֫עְלָה), Proverbs 29:16; + מִן comp. Psalms 16:4; Psalms 139:18; of days Genesis 38:12 (J), Deuteronomy 11:21; I Samuel 7:2; Proverbs 9:11, years of life Proverbs 4:10; of waters Genesis 7:17 (J), v Genesis 7:18 (P).

be great: (1) of things, Genesis 43:34 (J; + מִן comp.), I Samuel 14:30; of way = be long Deuteronomy 19:6 and (מִן comp. pers.) Deuteronomy 14:24 be too long for; of wisdom I Kings 5:10 (מִן comp.). (2) of pers., יִרְבֶּה אֱלֹהִים מֵאֱנוֹשׁ Job 33:12 i.e. is too great for (De al.); has loftier, nobler thoughts (Di Bu), but no ‖.

grow great (Aramaism): (1) of pers., = grow up Ezekiel 16:7 (+ גָּדַל), Job 39:4. (2) of glory Psalms 49:17, knowledge Daniel 12:4.—II Chronicles 24:27 v. supr.

make large, increase;—Imv. ms. רַבֶּה צְבָאֲךָ Judges 9:29 enlarge thy host; Pf. 2 ms. רִבִּיתָ בִּמְחִירֵיהֶם Psalms 44:13 thou hast not made great with their price (set a high price; so Ew De Che al.); or increased (sc. thy wealth) by their price (Hup Bae); = bring up, rear (children) Lamentations 2:22 (+ טפּח), whelps Ezekiel 19:2 (in fig.).

Pf. 3 ms. הִרְבָּה Hosea 8:11 +, sf. וְהִרְבְּךָ consec. Deuteronomy 30:5; 2 ms. הִרְבִּיתָ Isaiah 9:2 +, 1 s. הִרְבֵּיתִי Hosea 2:10 +, etc.; Impf. יַרְבֶּה Hosea 12:2 +, וַ֫יֶּרֶב II Samuel 18:8; Lamentations 2:5, etc.; Imv. ms. הַרְבֵּה Ezekiel 24:10, הֶ֫רֶב Judges 20:38 + Psalms 51:4 Qr (הרבה Kt, Inf. abs.), etc.; fs. הַרְבִּי Isaiah 23:16, mpl. הַרְבּוּ Amos 4:4; Genesis 34:12; Inf. abs. הַרְבֵּה Genesis 15:1 +, הַרְבָּה (Ba^{NB 90, 91}) Genesis 3:16; Genesis 16:10; Genesis 22:17; cstr. הַרְבוֹת Deuteronomy 28:63 + (II Samuel 14:11 Kt הרבית; Amos 4:9; Proverbs 25:27 v. infr.); Pt. מַרְבֶּה Exodus 16:17 +, cstr. מַרְבֵּה Leviticus 11:42, etc.;—

make much, or many:

obj. pers. (or a people), multiply, increase Genesis 16:10; Genesis 17:20; Isaiah 9:2 +; Ezekiel 36:10 (+ עַל pers.), v Ezekiel 36:11 (man and beast; + id.); Deuteronomy 30:5 (+ מִן comp. pers.); + פרה Hiph. Genesis 28:3; Genesis 48:4 (both P); הִרְבָּה כּוֹשֵׁל Jeremiah 46:16 = he made many stumble; = have many I Chronicles 7:4; I Chronicles 8:40; I Chronicles 23:11.

obj. animals Deuteronomy 17:16^(×2) (cf. Ezekiel 36:11 supr.).

obj. things Hosea 2:10; Hosea 8:11, Hosea 8:14 Genesis 3:16 +; הַרְבּוּ עָלַי מְאֹד מֹהַר וּמַתָּן Genesis 34:12; opp. הִמְעִיט Leviticus 26:16; Numbers 26:54; Numbers 33:54; obj. words Ecclesiastes 10:14 (v. Job 34:37 sub 2), cf. Isaiah 1:15; Job 40:27, הַרְבִּי־שִׁיר Isaiah 23:16; obj. days Job 29:18 (like sand); = use many (medicines) Jeremiah 46:11; have many (feet) Leviticus 11:42; bring abundantly II Chronicles 31:5; yield abundantly Nehemiah 9:37; c. ל of obj. Hosea 10:1 (ל 3 a); obj. om. Habakkuk 2:6; Proverbs 22:16, also (opp. מעט [usually Hiph.]) Exodus 16:17, Exodus 16:18; Exodus 30:15; Numbers 35:8 (all P), Proverbs 13:11.

(1) sq. inf., make much to do, do much in respect of, = do much, abundantly, greatly, often, etc. (Dr I Samuel 1:12): הַרְבּוּ לִפִשֹׁעַ Amos 4:4 = transgress greatly, so Ezra 10:13, cf. II Kings 21:6 = II Chronicles 33:6; further, Isaiah 55:7; Exodus 36:5; II Chronicles 36:14 Psalms 78:38, also II Samuel 14:11 (Kt מהרבית, Qr מֵהַרְבַּת, read prob. מֵהַרְבּוֹת Dr^reff. Ges^{§ 75 ff.} Th-Löhr); + מִן comp. II Samuel 18:8; I Samuel 1:12 = pray a long time; Judges 20:38 del. הֶרֶב as dittogr. of הארב Be Bu GFM. (2) sq. vb. fin. (Dr^Sm Ges^{§ 120 g}), אַל־תַּרְבּוּ תְדַבְּרוּ I Samuel 2:3 i.e. talk not so much; cf. Psalms 51:4.

the Inf. abs. (Ol^{§ 191 b} Kö^{ii. 1, 555} Ges^{§ 75 ff.}) is used: (1) הַרְבָּה אַרְבֶּה I will greatly increase Genesis 3:16; Genesis 16:10; Genesis 22:17 (all J; Ges^{§ 113 n}); (2) וְדַרְבֵּה carrying on inf. cstr. Ezekiel 21:20; (3) הַרְבֵּה as adv. (c. vbs. and [Ecclesiastes 7:16] adj.), greatly, exceedingly, etc., especially ה׳ מְאֹד Genesis 41:49 (E), I Samuel 26:21 II Samuel 12:30 = I Chronicles 20:2, Joshua 13:1 (D), II Kings 21:16 Nehemiah 2:2; perhaps also I Kings 5:9; I Kings 10:10 (both c. נָתַן), v I Kings 10:11 (c. הֵבִיא), Jeremiah 40:12 (c. אָסַף), II Chronicles 14:12 (c. נָשָׂא); הַרְבֵּה alone II Kings 10:18 (opp. מְעָ֑ט), Nehemiah 3:33 Ecclesiastes 1:16; Ecclesiastes 5:19; Ecclesiastes 7:16, Ecclesiastes 7:17 Psalms 51:4 Kt (Qr הֶרֶב Imv.); (4) as adj. attrib. (Kö^{Synt. § 318 e}), ה׳ מְאֹד Deuteronomy 3:5; Joshua 22:8 (D; ‖ רַב־מְאֹד), II Samuel 8:8 (רַבָּה מְאֹד in ‖ I Chronicles 18:8), II Samuel 12:2 Isaiah 30:33; II Chronicles 32:27; so דַרְבֵּה alone Nehemiah 4:4, Nehemiah 4:13 (+ רְחָבָה), Ezra 10:1 (preceding n., cf. i. רַב). Ecclesiastes 2:7; Ecclesiastes 5:6, Ecclesiastes 5:16 (reading כעס as n., Ew De Hi-Now al.), Ecclesiastes 6:11; Ecclesiastes 9:18; Ecclesiastes 11:8; Ecclesiastes 12:9, Ecclesiastes 5:12^(×2), הַרְבּוֹת alone Proverbs 25:27 (Toy reads הַרְ בֵּה); הַרְבֵּה מְאֹד as pred. Genesis 15:1 (J; Sam. אַרְבֶּה), Ecclesiastes 11:8 Psalms 130:7 (adv. Bae); (5) הַרְבֵּה as n. concr. (Kö^{Synt. § 318 a}) II Samuel 1:4; Jeremiah 42:2 (-בֶּה van d. H.), c. מִן comp., II Chronicles 25:9; Jonah 4:11; as obj. (or adv.), opp. מְעַט Haggai 1:6, Haggai 1:9; Ecclesiastes 5:11; late in adv. phr. (מְאֹד) לְהַרְבֵּה †Nehemiah 5:18; II Chronicles 11:12; II Chronicles 16:8; הַרְבּוֹת as n. Amos 4:9 (read prob. הֶחֱרַבְתִּי We Now).

make great, obj. pers. II Samuel 22:36 = Psalms 18:36; enlarge border I Chronicles 4:10; perhaps also Job 34:37 make words great, presumptuous, against God (לְאֵל; so Buhl^Lex; most make many words, 1 c).

רָבָה²

vb. shoot (cf. II. רָבַב, I. רָמָה);—only

Pt. רֹבֶה קַשָּׁ֑ת Genesis 21:20 < רֹבֵה קָ֑שֶׁת, Kn Di al., but read prob. רֹמֵה ק׳ Ol Ball, one shooting the bow.

רַבָּה²

(א), רַבִּית, רְבִיבִים v. I. רבב.

רַב־מָ֑ג

v. ii. רַב.

רָבַע

vb.denom., only Pt. pass. squared, square;—

Pt. pass. רָבוּעַ square, of altar Exodus 27:1; Exodus 30:2; Exodus 37:25; Exodus 38:1, cf. Ezekiel 43:16; breastplate Ezekiel 30:2; Ezekiel 39:9; pl. רְבֻעִים, of doorways, etc. [on text v. Kit Benz] I Kings 7:5; fs. רְבֻעָה as subst. = a square Ezekiel 41:21 (acc. Co Toy, om. מְזוּזַה, and joining ר׳ to v Ezekiel 41:20; Krae reads מְזוּזֹת רְבֻעֹת, cf. I Kings 6:33, רְבִיעִי 2).

Pt. square, מְרֻבַּע Ezekiel 45:2, of piece of land; fs. מְרֻבָּ֑עַת Ezekiel 40:47, of court; fpl. מְרֻבָּעוֹת I Kings 7:31 (opp. עֲגֻלּוֹת), of borders of bases (cf. Sab. רבעתם, a kind of square building, Sab-Denkm ³¹).

רֶ֫בַע

n.m. ^{Ezekiel 1:8} 1. fourth part. 2. pl. four sides;—

ר׳ cstr., fourth part, of shekel I Samuel 9:8, of hin Exodus 29:40.

in Ez, pl. sf. four sides (אַרְבַּעַת always preceding): רְבָעָיו Ezekiel 43:16, רְבָעֶיהָ v Ezekiel 43:17; רִבְעֵיהֶם Ezekiel 1:8; Ezekiel 10:11, -הֶן Ezekiel 1:17.

רֹ֫בַע

n.[m.] fourth part;—ר׳ cstr.; of Israel Numbers 23:10; of a ḳab II Kings 6:25.

רְבִיעִי

m., רְבִיעִית f., adj.num.ordin. fourth;m. רְבִיעִי Genesis 2:14 + 29 times, רְבִעִי I Chronicles 24:8; I Chronicles 26:11; pl. רְבִיעִים II Kings 15:12, רְבִעִים II Kings 10:30; f. abs. רְבִיעִית I Kings 6:1 + 3 times, רְבִיעִת Leviticus 19:29, רְבִעִית I Kings 6:37 + 6 times + I Kings 6:33 (v. infr.); cstr. רְבִיעִית Numbers 15:5, רְבִיעִת Exodus 29:40 + 4 times, רְבִעִית Numbers 15:4 + 2 times;—fourth, usually הָֽר׳:

m. Genesis 2:14; Genesis 15:16 (JE), also (especially of days, months, sons, etc.) Genesis 1:19 Exodus 28:20; Exodus 39:13; Numbers 7:30; Numbers 29:23; Joshua 19:17 (all P), Judges 19:5; Jeremiah 39:2; Jeremiah 52:6; I Chronicles 27:7 II Chronicles 20:26; Ezra 8:33; n. om. II Samuel 3:4 = I Chronicles 3:2; I Chronicles 2:14; I Chronicles 3:15; I Chronicles 8:2; I Chronicles 12:10; I Chronicles 23:19; I Chronicles 24:8, I Chronicles 24:23; I Chronicles 25:11; I Chronicles 26:2, I Chronicles 26:4, I Chronicles 26:11; I Chronicles 27:7 Ezra 10:14; Daniel 11:2; sc. חֹדֶשׁ Ezekiel 1:1; Zechariah 8:19; pl. in בְּנֵי רְבִ(י)עִים sons of fourth (ones), i.e. to the fourth generation, II Kings 10:30; II Kings 15:12 (cf. [רִבֵּעַ], and [Old Aramaic Nērab] בני רבע Cook¹⁰⁷).

f. of years, I Kings 6:1, I Kings 6:37; II Kings 18:9; Jeremiah 25:1; Jeremiah 28:1; Jeremiah 36:1; Jeremiah 45:1; Jeremiah 46:2; Jeremiah 51:59; Zechariah 6:3; Leviticus 19:24 (H); מֵאֵת רְבִעִית I Kings 6:33, read מְזֻוֹת רְבֻעוֹת 𝔊 𝔙 Th Sta Kmp Kit Benz Bur.

רְבִיעִית Ezekiel 48:20 four square (read poss. רְבוּעָה).

רְבִ(י)עִ(י)ת as n. = fourth part, cstr., ר׳ הַהִין Leviticus 23:13 (H), Exodus 29:40; Numbers 15:4, Numbers 15:5; Numbers 28:5, Numbers 28:7, Numbers 28:14; ר׳ הַיּוֹם Nehemiah 9:3; so abs. (הַיּוֹם om.) v Nehemiah 9:3.

רָבַע²

vb. lie stretched out, lie down (Aramaic form of רָבַץ (q.v.); NH רבע usually of copulation, chiefly unnatural; yet cf. also Sab. רבע abide, encamp, settle, DHM^{ZMG xxix (1875), 593}, Arabic رَبَعَ abide, dwell)—

only Inf.: sf. רִבְעִי Psalms 139:3 my lying down (for repose, opp. אָרְחִי); elsewhere (H) for copulation (woman with beast) לְרִבְעָה אֹתָהּ Leviticus 20:16, but read אִתָּהּ (sf. of beast) Dr-Wh Kö^{Synt. 226 e}, cf. Bae Berthol (and Dr II Samuel 13:14); לְרִבְעָהּ II Samuel 18:23, read לְרִבְעָה (compl. om.; v. id.).

Impf. 2 ms. בְּהֶמְתְּךָ לֹא תַרְבִּיעַ כִּלְאַיִם Leviticus 19:19 (H) thy cattle thou shalt not cause to (let) lie down (i.e. breed) in two kinds.

רֶ֫בַע²

n.m. a king of Midian Numbers 31:8; Joshua 13:21; Ροβοκ, Ροβε(κ).

רָבַץ

vb. stretch oneself out, lie down, lie stretched out (NH = BH; Assyrian rabâṣu, lie, dwell; rubṣu (in word-lists), stall, also womb (cf. II. רבע supr.); Arabic رَبَضَ lie down on the breast, stretch oneself out, مرابض, Sab. מרבצֿן CIS ^{iv, no. 5, 2}; 𝔗 רְבַע lie stretched out, Syriac ܪܒܰܥ, Chr. Pal ܪܒܥ recline at meals, Schwally^{Idiot. 87});—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Genesis 49:9, 3 fs. consec. וְרָֽבְצָה Deuteronomy 29:19, רָבָ֑צָה Ezekiel 19:2, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְבָּ֑ץ Isaiah 11:6; Isaiah 27:10; 3 fs. וַתִּרְבַּץ Numbers 22:27; 3 mpl. יִרְבְּצוּ Numbers 11:7, יִרְבָּ֑צוּ Numbers 14:30, יִרְבָּצ֑וּן Zephaniah 2:7 Psalms 104:22; Psalms 104:3 fpl. תִּרְבַּצְנָה Ezekiel 34:14; Pt. רֹבֵץ Exodus 23:5 + 3 times; f. רֹבֶ֫צֶת Genesis 49:25 + 2 times; mpl. רֹבְצִים Genesis 29:2;—lie down, lie: of domestic animals, ass Exodus 23:5 (E; under heavy burden), Numbers 22:27 (Je; in obstructed path), Genesis 49:14 (at ease; poet., in sim.); sheep, in repose, Genesis 29:2 (J), Isaiah 17:2; Zephaniah 2:14; fig. of people Ezekiel 34:14; calf, in repose Isaiah 27:10; of wild beasts, lion, in lair, Genesis 49:9 (poem in J; fig.), Psalms 104:22; = make lair, abode Ezekiel 19:2 (fig.), so of צִיִּים Isaiah 13:21, תַּנִּין Ezekiel 29:3 (fig.); leopard (with kid) Isaiah 11:6, cf. v Isaiah 11:7; = brood, of mother-bird Deuteronomy 22:6 (עַל־הָאֶפְרֹחִים); of man, in repose Isaiah 14:30; Job 11:19, cf. Zephaniah 2:7; Zephaniah 3:13 (fig. of flock perhaps impl., cf. Ezekiel 34:14 supr.); of the deep, רֹבֶצֶת תָּ֑חַת Genesis 49:25; Deuteronomy 33:13; fig. of curse Deuteronomy 29:19 (ב pers.); of sin, לַפֶּתַה חַטָּאת רֹבֵץ Genesis 4:7 at the door sin makes its lair.

Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַרְבִּיצֵנִי Psalms 23:2, 2 ms. תַּרְבִּיץ Song of Songs 1:7, etc.; Pt. מַרְבִּיץ Isaiah 54:11, pl. מַרְבֹּצֹים Jeremiah 33:12;—cause to lie down, or lie, acc. of flock (for repose) Jeremiah 33:12, also (fig.) Psalms 23:2 Ezekiel 34:15; acc. of flock om. Isaiah 13:20 Song of Songs 1:7; of laying stones Isaiah 54:11.

רִבְקָה

n.pr.f. Rebekah, daughter of Bethuel and wife of Isaac, Genesis 22:23; Genesis 24:15 + 24 times Genesis 24:24, Genesis 24:25, Genesis 24:26, Genesis 24:27; Genesis 28:5; Genesis 29:12; Genesis 35:8; Genesis 49:31;—𝔊 Ρεβεκκα.

רָגַז

vb. be agitated, quiver, quake, be excited, perturbed (Ph. Iph. (+ Inf. abs. Qal) disquiet, disturb, Inscr. Tabn.^4.6.7; NH Hiph. provoke to wrath; رجز tremble (with rage, fear, Dozy); v, viii, rumble (of thunder, Frey), رَجَزٌ a trembling disease (of camels), etc.; Aramaic רְגַז tremble, rage, ܪܓܰܙ be enraged; Zinj. רגז wrath, Lzb ³⁶⁷);—

Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְרָגַז Proverbs 29:9, 3 fs. רָֽגְזָה Isaiah 14:9 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְגַּז II Samuel 7:10; I Chronicles 17:9, 2 fs. וַתִּרְגְּזִי Ezekiel 16:43 (but v. infr.); 3 mpl. יִרְגְּזוּן Habakkuk 3:7, יִרְגָּז֑וּן Exodus 15:14, etc.; Imv. ms. רְגָ֫זָה (Ges^{§ 48 i}) Isaiah 32:11, mpl. רִגְזוּ Psalms 4:5;—quake, subj. אֶרֶץ I Samuel 14:15 Amos 8:8 (עַל rei), Psalms 77:19 (+ רָעַשׁ), Joel 2:10 (לִפְנֵי of locusts; ‖ רעשׁ), Proverbs 30:21 (תַּחַת pers.); subj. מוֹסְדֵי הָרִים Psalms 18:8 (‖ רעשׁ), = II Samuel 22:8 (מוֹסְדוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם; ‖ id.); הֶהָרִים Isaiah 5:25; תְּהֹמוֹת Psalms 77:17; of tent-curtains Habakkuk 3:7 (fig. of terror of tent-dwellers); of people, in dread, c. מִפְּנֵי pers. Deuteronomy 2:25 (‖ חול), Isaiah 64:1; c. עַל rei Jeremiah 33:9 (+ פָּחַד); abs., Exodus 15:14 (‖ חִיל אָחַז וגו׳), Psalms 99:1 Joel 2:1; pregn. = come quivering Micah 7:17 (מִן loc.); of pers., in fear, awe, Genesis 45:24 (ב loc.), Isaiah 32:11 (‖ חָרַד), v Isaiah 32:10 Psalms 4:5, Habakkuk 3:16 (תַּחְתַּי), cf. of בִּטְנִי Habakkuk 3:16; quarrel Genesis 45:24; be disquieted, II Samuel 7:10 = I Chronicles 17:9; be excited, perturbed, of pers. II Samuel 19:1 (by grief; cf. Dr). שְׁאוֹל Isaiah 14:9 (surprise; ל pers.); in rage, c. ל at, Ezekiel 16:43 (of Jerus. personif.; but read Hiph. (i.e. didst enrage me) 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 𝔗 Hi Sm Co Berthol Toy Krae); prob. also וְר׳ וְשָׂחַק Proverbs 29:9; of י׳ Isaiah 28:21.

Pf. 3 ms. הִרְגִּיו Isaiah 23:11; 2 ms. sf. הִרְגַּוְתַּנִי I Samuel 28:15; Impf. 1 s. אַרְגִּיו Isaiah 13:13; Inf. cstr. הִרְגִּיז (Ges^{§ 53 l}) Jeremiah 50:34; Pt. מַרְגִּיז Isaiah 14:16; Job 9:6, pl. cstr. מַרְגִּיזֵי Job 12:6;—cause to quake, disquiet, enrage: cause earth to quake Isaiah 14:16 (fig.; ‖ רעשׁ), Job 9:6 shake earth מִמְּקוֹמָהּ; heavens Isaiah 13:13 (‖ רעשׁ); kingdoms Isaiah 23:11; cause disquiet, c. ל pers., Jeremiah 50:34 (‖ רגע); = disturb I Samuel 28:15 (cf. Ph. תרגזן, Inscr. Tabn.⁴ Dr^{Sm xxviii}); = enrage, provoke, מַרְגִּיזֵי אֵל Job 12:6; so also prob. Ezekiel 16:43 (reading תַּרְגִּזִי לִי), v. Qal ad fin.

excite oneself, only Inf. cstr. sf. הִתְרַגֶּזְךָ אלי thine exciting thyself (to rage) against me, II Kings 19:27, II Kings 19:28 = Isaiah 37:28, Isaiah 37:29.

רֹ֫גֶז

n.m.^{Job 3:26} agitation, excitement, raging;—ר׳ abs. Habakkuk 3:2 +, cstr. Job 37:2; sf. רָגְזֶ֑ךָ Isaiah 14:3;—raging Job 3:17; disquiet, turmoil Isaiah 14:3 Job 3:26; Job 14:1; raging, wrath Habakkuk 3:2; ר׳ קֹלוֹ Job 37:2 rumbling of his voice (i.e. thunder); of excitement of warhorse, בְּרַעַשׁ וְרֹגֶז Job 39:24.

רַגָּז

adj. quivering, quaking;—לֵב ר׳ Deuteronomy 28:65 a quaking heart.

רֶ֫גֶל

n.f.Deuteronomy 8:4 (on sf. m. Song of Songs 5:3 v. Kö^{Synt. § 14} Albr^{ZAW (xvi, 1896, 76) xv (1895), 316 f.}), foot (NH id.; Arabic رِجْلٌ leg, foot; Aramaic רַגְלָא, ܪܶܓܠܴܐ foot; Palm. sf. רגלה Lzb ³⁶⁸; transp. Zinj. (pl. cstr.) לגרי Id.^ib., Mand. ליגרא Nö^{M 102}; cf. Ethiopic ሰረገላ vehicle Di³⁴⁷);—abs. ר׳ Exodus 21:24 +, רָ֑גֶל v Exodus 21:24 +; cstr. רֶגֶל Numbers 22:25 +; sf. רַגְלִי Genesis 30:30 +, etc.; du. רַגְלַ֫יִם Isaiah 28:3 +, רַגְלָ֑יִם II Samuel 4:4 +; cstr. רַגְלֵי Genesis 24:32 +; sf. רַגְלָי Numbers 20:19 +, רַגְלֶיךָ Exodus 3:5 +, etc.; pl. רְגָלִים Exodus 23:14 + 3 times (v. 2 infr.);—

foot:

human, Genesis 18:4; Genesis 19:2 + 10 times of washing feet (רהץ); Exodus 3:5; Exodus 4:25 + often; in fig. Deuteronomy 32:25 I Samuel 2:9 Jeremiah 2:25 Job 12:5 + often; ר׳ גַּאֲוָה Psalms 36:12 foot of pride; הֲדֹם לְר׳ Psalms 110:1; כַּף ר׳ sole of foot Deuteronomy 2:5; Deuteronomy 11:24; Deuteronomy 28:56, Deuteronomy 28:65 + 6 times, + מִכַּף ר׳ וְעַד רֹאשׁ Isaiah 1:6, cf. (וְעַד קדקד) II Samuel 14:25 Deuteronomy 28:35 Job 2:7; also מֵרֹאשׁ וְעַד ר׳ Leviticus 13:12; שָׁרְשֵׁי ר׳ Job 13:27, v. שֹׁרֶשׁ; אֶצְבְּעוֹת ר׳ II Samuel 21:20 = toes, בֹּהֶן ר׳ = great toe Judges 1:6, Judges 1:7 Exodus 29:20 + 6 times Lv; ר׳ = leg I Samuel 17:6 (v. also f. ad fin.).

anthrop. of God, Exodus 24:10; II Samuel 22:10 = Psalms 18:10, Nahum 1:3; Habakkuk 3:5; Isaiah 60:13; Zechariah 14:4; כַּפּוֹת ר׳ Ezekiel 43:7; הֲדֹם ר׳ Isaiah 66:1 Lamentations 2:1 I Chronicles 28:2 Psalms 99:5; Psalms 132:7.

of seraphim Isaiah 6:2, Ezekiel’s חַיּוֹת Ezekiel 1:7, Ezekiel 1:7 and (כַּף ר׳) v Ezekiel 1:7, cherubim II Chronicles 3:13; idols Psalms 115:7.

of animals: dove, כַּף ר׳ Genesis 8:9 (J); שֶׁרֶץ עוֹף Leviticus 11:21, Leviticus 11:23, שֶׁרֶץ v Leviticus 11:42; calf, כַּף ר׳ Ezekiel 1:7 (in sim.), בְּהֵמָה Ezekiel 29:11; Pharaoh under fig. of תַּנִּים Ezekiel 32:2; prob. of beast also Job 39:15, indef. Isaiah 28:3 (in fig.).

of table Exodus 25:26; Exodus 37:13 (P). f. phrases: †לְר׳ (ל 5 i) acc. to the pace of Genesis 33:14^(×2) (J; as fast as cattle, children, can go); at one’s guidance Deuteronomy 33:3; at one’s foot, i.e. at every step Genesis 30:30 (J), Isaiah 41:2, cf. Job 18:11 (v. I. [פּוּץ] Hiph.); הלך לְר׳ I Samuel 25:42, i.e. went where she went, cf. II Samuel 15:16, II Samuel 15:17, II Samuel 15:18; †בְּר׳ on one’s feet, on foot, Numbers 20:19 (JE), Deuteronomy 2:28 Judges 4:15, Judges 4:17 Psalms 66:6, שֻׁלַּח בְּר׳ Judges 5:15 (v. שׁלח), cf. Job 18:8 (and רַגְלַי שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ Job 30:12); אֲשֶׁר בְּר׳ (הַבְּהֵמָה, הַיְקוּם, הָעָם), i.e. which follow one, hence obey or belong to one, Exodus 11:8 (J), Judges 4:10; Judges 8:5 I Kings 20:10; Deuteronomy 11:6 II Kings 3:9, הַמִּתְהַלְּכִים בְּר׳ I Samuel 25:27; נָשָׂא ר׳ †Genesis 29:1 (E) = set out, but יָרִים אֶת־ר׳ †Genesis 41:44 (E) lift the foot, i.e. make a movement, do anything; †euphemism מֵסִיךְ אֶת־ר׳ Judges 3:24, cf. I Samuel 24:3 (Gi; van d. H. Baer v I Samuel 24:4; v. I. [סָכַךְ] Hiph.); וַתְּפַשְּׂקִי אֶת־ר׳ לְ Ezekiel 16:25 (v. פשׂק); הַיּוֹצֵת מִבֵּין ר׳ Deuteronomy 28:57 (v. יצא 1 h); מֵימֵי ר׳ Qr II Kings 18:27 = Isaiah 36:12 (Kt שיניהם; v. מַיִם 3); שַׂעַר הָר׳ Isaiah 7:20, i.e. hair of the private parts.

pl. only in phr. שָׁלשׁ רְגָלִים three times (feet, paces, cf. פַּעַם Exodus 23:14 (E), Numbers 22:28, Numbers 22:32, Numbers 22:33 (J).

רָגַל

vb.denom. foot it, go about;—

go about (maliciously, as slanderer; cf. Arabic مُشَاةٌ and سَاعٍ slanderer, from √√ مَشَى walk along, سَعَى walk quickly), slander, Pf. 3 ms. לאֹ־ר׳ עַל־לְשֹׁנוֹ Psalms 15:3 he takes no slander upon his tongue (‖ דֹּבֵר אֱמֶת v Psalms 15:2).

Impf. 3 ms. וַיְרַגֵּל II Samuel 19:28, 3 mpl. וַיְרַגְּלוּ Deuteronomy 1:24 Joshua 7:2; Imv. mpl. רַגְּלוּ Joshua 7:2; Inf. cstr. לְרַגֵּל Numbers 21:32 + 5 times; sf. לְרַגְּלַהּ II Samuel 10:3; Pt. pl. מְרַגְּלִים Genesis 42:9 + 11 times;—

slander (cf. Qal), וַיְר׳ בְּעַבְדְּךָ אֶל II Samuel 19:28.

go about as explorer, spy, c. acc. loc. Numbers 21:32 Joshua 6:25; Joshua 7:2, Joshua 7:2; Joshua 14:7 (all JE), Judges 18:2 (‖ חָקַר), v Judges 18:14, Judges 18:17 II Samuel 10:3 (‖ חָקַר), I Chronicles 19:3, so also pt. Genesis 42:30 (E), Joshua 6:22 (JE); pt., acc. om., as adj., אֲנַשִׁים מְרַגְּלִים Joshua 2:1, cf. Joshua 6:23 (both JE); as subst., spies I Samuel 26:4; II Samuel 15:10, and so perhaps (as pred.) Genesis 42:9, Genesis 42:11, Genesis 42:14, Genesis 42:16, Genesis 42:31, Genesis 42:34 (all E).

Pf. 1 s. תִּרְגַּלְתִּי לְאֶכְּרַיִם Hosea 11:3 I taught Ephr. to walk (si vera l.; v. Ges^{§ 55 h}).

רַגְלִי

adj. on foot;—אִישׁ ר׳ (after num.) footmen, especially foot-soldiers, Judges 20:2; II Samuel 8:4 = I Chronicles 18:4; I Chronicles 19:18 (פָּרָשִׁים in ‖ II Samuel 10:18); elsewhere ר׳ as subst., usually coll., of Isr. at Exod. Exodus 12:37; Numbers 11:21 (both JE); = foot-soldiery I Samuel 4:10; I Samuel 15:4; II Samuel 10:6; I Kings 20:29; II Kings 13:7; n. pl. רַגְלִים footmen, men on foot Jeremiah 12:5 (opp. הַסּוּסִיס).

רֶ֫גֶם

n.pr.m. (Thes cp. Arabic رَجْمٌ friend; v. also Sab. רגם Hal ^{63, 4});—I Chronicles 2:47, Ραγεμ, Ρεγεμ, 𝔊L Ρεγμα.

רֶ֫גֶם מֶ֫לֶךְ

n.pr.m. exilic, Zechariah 7:2; Αρβεσεερ ὁ Βασιλεύς.

רָגַן

vb. murmur, whisper (NH id.; 𝔗 Ithpe. backbite, slander);—

murmur (rebelliously):

Pt. pl. רוֹגְנִים Isaiah 29:24 murmurers;

Impf. 3 mpl. וַיֵּרָֽגְנוּ Psalms 106:25 and they murmured in their tents, so 2 mpl. וַיֵרָֽגְנוּ Deuteronomy 1:27.

whisper (maliciously), backbite, slander:

Pt. נִרְגָּן backbiter Proverbs 16:28; Proverbs 18:8; Proverbs 26:20, Proverbs 26:22.

רָגַע

vb. disturb (NH Hiph. move to and fro; perhaps transp. from Arabic رَعَجَ disturb, BA^{ES 8});—

Pf. Job 26:12 בְּכֹחוֹ רָגַע הַיָּם; Pt. cstr. (Ges ^{65d. 116 g, x}), Jeremiah 31:35 = Isaiah 51:15 רֹגַע הַיָּם וַיֶּהֱמוּ גַלָּיו.

denom. from רֶגַע make a twinkling, only 1 s. Impf. cohort. וְעַד אַרְגִּ֫יעָה לְשׁוֹן שָׁ֑קֶר and while I would twinkle (= only for a moment: cf. Job 20:5) is the false tongue (opp. תִּכּוֹן לָעַד), Proverbs 12:19 (cf. De); and כִּי אַרְגִּ֫יעָה אֲרִיצֶנּוּ מֵעָלֶיהָ I will twinkle and (= I will in a moment, Ges^{§ 120 g}; cf. Hi) chase them away from it, Jeremiah 49:19 = Jeremiah 50:44. (Ba^{§ 86} as subst. = רֶגַע, of the very rare type ʾaqtîl; -ה as Ges^{§ 90 f}.)

רֶ֫גַע

n.m. a moment (NH id.; 𝔗 רינעא Ecclesiastes 9:12: prob. properly a movement, i.e. twinkling, of the eye; cf. momentum, i.e. movimentum);—abs. ר׳, רָ֑גַע Numbers 16:21 +, pl. רְגָעִים;—

Psalms 30:6 ר׳ בְּאַפּוֹ a moment (passes) in his anger (opp. היים ברצונו); Isaiah 54:7 בְּר׳ קָטֹן during a little moment.

usually in adv. phrases:—(a) as adv. acc., (α) Exodus 33:5 ר׳ אֶהָד for one moment, so ר׳ alone Isaiah 54:8; repeated Jeremiah 18:7, Jeremiah 18:9 רֶגַע … רֶגַע at one moment … at another moment; (β) in a moment, suddenly, Psalms 6:11 יָשׁוּבוּ יֵבשׁוּ רָ֑גַע, Jeremiah 4:20; Isaiah 47:9; Job 34:20. (b) בְּרֶגַע in a moment Job 21:13 ובר׳ שְׁאוֹל יֵחַ֫תּוּ (of a quick and painless death; but see Job 34:20 Psalms 73:19: Hoffm Buhl Beer Bu Du [cf. 𝔊 ἐν ἀναπαύσει, 𝔗 בְּמַרְגּוֹעָא] take רֶגַע (or read רְגֹעַ) as subst. [√ II. רָגַע] in tranquillity, of a peaceful death). So (c) בִּר׳ Numbers 16:21 = Numbers 17:10 יַאֲכַלֶּה אֹתָם בְּרָ֑גַע, Psalms 73:19. (d) בְּמוֹ ר׳ Lamentations 4:6. (e) עֲדֵי רָ֑גַע while a moment lasts Job 20:5. (f) כִּמְעַט ר׳ like the littleness of a moment = for a little moment Isaiah 26:20; Ezra 9:8. (g) pl. לִרְגָעִים by moments, at every moment, Isaiah 27:3; Ezekiel 26:16 וְהָֽרְדוּ ל׳ (so Ezekiel 32:10), Job 7:18 (‖ לִבְקָרִים).

רָגַע²

vb. be at rest, repose (prob. = Arabic رَجَعَ return, proposes return to rest, after wanderings, etc.);—

Imv. 2 fs. Jeremiah 47:6 (of sword) be gathered into thy scabbard, הֵרָֽגְעִי וָדֹ֫מִּי repose, and be still.

trans. give rest to;—Inf. cstr. Jeremiah 31:2 הָלוֹךְ לְהַרְגִּיעוֹ I will go to give him (Isr.) rest, Jeremiah 50:34 לְמַעַן הִרְגִּיעַ את־הארץ (on הִ׳, v. Ges^{§ 531} Dr Deuteronomy 7:24; read prob. הַ׳); Isaiah 51:4 ומשׁפטי לאור עמים אַרְגִּיעַ usually I will cause my judgment (religion) to repose as, etc. (i.e. I will establish it; cf. שִׂים Isaiah 42:4); but metaph. strange: hence Bachm Che Marti (joining to v Isaiah 51:5) צִדְקִי (< אֲקָרֵב Isaiah 46:13) אַרְגִּיעַ אַקְּרִיב in a moment (I. רָגַע Hiph.) will I bring near, etc., Du הִרְגִּיעַ קָרֵב, Oort Ry Kit בְּרֶגַע קָרֵב (cf. 𝔊 ἐγγίζει ταχύ).

intrans. rest, repose, Deuteronomy 28:65 ובגוים ההם לא תַרְגִּיעַ, Isaiah 34:14 שָׁם הִרְגִּ֫יעָה לִילִית. So Ecclus Ben Sira 36:31.

רָגַע³

vb. harden (Ethiopic ረግዐ: coagulate, congeal: poss. development of √ رَجَعَ, v. II. ר׳);—Qal, pf. in Job 7:5 עוֹרִי רָגַע וַיִּמָּאֵס my skin hardens, and (then) runs again (II. מָאַס), of the ulcers in elephantiasis.

רַדַּי

n.pr.m. fifth son of Jesse, according to I Chronicles 2:14; Ζαδδαι, A Ραδδαι, 𝔊L Ρεδαι.

רָדָה

vb. have dominion, rule, dominate (NH רָדָה, 𝔗^Jon רְדָא, chastise; Arabic رَدَى tread, trample; Syriac ܪܕܳܐ chastise, also (and so Assyrian radû) go, flow);—

Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְרָדוּ Isaiah 14:2; Leviticus 26:17; 2 mpl. רְדִיתֶם Ezekiel 34:4; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יִרְדֶּנּוּ Leviticus 25:53, וַיִּרְדֶּ֑נָּה Lamentations 1:13, juss. וְיֵרְדְּ Numbers 24:19 Psalms 72:8; 2 ms. תִּרְדֶּה Leviticus 25:43, Leviticus 25:46, etc.; Imv. ms. רְדֵה Psalms 110:2; mpl. רְדוּ Genesis 1:28; (Joel 4:13 v. ירד); Inf. cstr. רְדוֹת Ezekiel 29:15; Pt. רֹדֶה I Kings 5:4; Isaiah 14:6; sf. רִדֵם Psalms 68:28; pl. הָרֹרִים I Kings 5:30 + 2 times;—have dominion, rule, over, usually c. ב pers. vel pop. I Kings 5:4, I Kings 5:30; I Kings 9:23 = II Chronicles 8:10; Isaiah 14:2; Leviticus 25:43, Leviticus 25:46, Leviticus 25:53; Leviticus 26:17; Ezekiel 29:15; Nehemiah 9:28 Psalms 49:15; ב of fish, etc., Genesis 1:26, Genesis 1:28; בְּקֶרֶב Psalms 110:2; c. acc. pers. Ezekiel 34:4; Isaiah 14:6 (perhaps + acc. cogn., v. [מִרְדָּה] infr.); acc. om. Numbers 24:19 (מִיַּעֲקֹב), Jeremiah 5:31 (+ עַל־יְדֵיהֶם, v. יָד 5 h (2); vid. also ingenious conj. sub II. רדה; but < Gr יוֹרוּ teach), Psalms 72:8; for וַיִּרְדֶּנָּה Lamentations 1:13 and it (the fire) prevailed against them (my bones), read perhaps יָרָ֑דָה into my bones it descended (Bu).—רֹדֵם Psalms 68:28 is dub.; Grill Hup-Now Che Du קִדֵּם. יְרַד Judges 5:13^(×2) v. יָרַד.

Impf. 3 ms. וּמְלָכִים יַרְדְּ Isaiah 41:2 and kings he causeth (him) to dominate; but apoc. form strange, read יָרֹד (√ רדד q.v.) Ew Di Du; יַחֲרִד 𝔊 Klo Che.

רָדָה²

vb. scrape out (NH id., scrape or draw off, out (bread from oven));—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ הַדְּבָ֑שׁ Judges 14:9 out of the carcass he scraped the honey (v. GFM); sf. וַיִּרְדֵּהוּ אֶל־בַּפָּיו v Judges 14:9 he scraped it out into his palms; Buhl ^Lex Du also ר׳ עַל־יְדֵיהֶם Jeremiah 5:31, sc. gifts, money, fig. for making gain (most I. רדה q.v.).

רַדַּי²

n.pr. v. רדד.

רָדַף

vb. pursue, chase, persecute (NH id., Aramaic רְדַף, ܪܕܰܦ; Arabic رَدَفَ; Sab. רדף id., SabDenkm^{No. 7, 1, 2});—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Judges 4:16 +; 1 s. וְרָדַפְתִּ֫י Jeremiah 29:18, etc.; Impf. יִרְדֹּף Deuteronomy 19:6 +, יִֽרַדֹּף Psalms 7:6 (appar. to give choice of Qal or Pi, Ki JHMich Bae al.; Ges^{§ 63 n} expl. as developed from יִרֲדֹף, cf. Ol ^{§ 236 e}, and, further, Kö^{i. 160}), sf. יִרְדָּפֶ֑ךָ Ezekiel 35:6^(×2), etc.; Imv. ms. רְדֹף Genesis 44:4 +, sf. רָדְפֵהוּ Psalms 34:15; mpl. רִדְפוּ Judges 3:28 +;, Inf. cstr. לִרְדֹּף Joshua 8:16 +, מִרְדֹף I Samuel 23:28; II Samuel 18:16, sf. רָדְפִי Psalms 38:21 Qr, רדופי Kt, etc.; Pt. רֹדֵף Judges 4:22 +, pl. רֹדְפִים Judges 8:4 +;—

pursue (sometimes + הִשִּׂיג): lit. c. אַהֲרֵי pers., in order to overtake Genesis 44:4 (J), II Kings 5:21; especially with hostile purpose Genesis 31:23 (+ הִדְבִּיק), Genesis 35:5; Joshua 24:6 (all E), Joshua 2:5, Joshua 2:7^(×2); Joshua 8:16^(×2), Joshua 8:17; Joshua 10:19 (JE), Deuteronomy 11:4; Deuteronomy 19:6; Joshua 20:5 (all D), Exodus 14:4, Exodus 14:8, Exodus 14:9 (P), Judges 1:6; II Samuel 20:6, II Samuel 20:7, II Samuel 20:10, II Samuel 20:13; II Kings 9:27 + 17 times, + II Kings 25:5 (אַהַר), + Judges 4:16 (אַהֲרֵי הָרֶכֶב); + רִדְפוּ אַהֲרַי Judges 3:28 = follow me (as leader; but this meaning not elsewhere; read רְדוּ 𝔊 Kit GFM).

lit., c. acc. pers., put to flight, chase (defeated foe; sometimes c. הִשִּׂיג): Amos 1:11; Hosea 8:3; Deuteronomy 32:30 (poem; ‖ הֵנִיס), Deuteronomy 28:22, Deuteronomy 28:45; Joshua 23:10 (D), Leviticus 26:8^(×2) (H); וְרָדַף אֹתָם קוֹל עָלֶה נִדָּף v Leviticus 26:36 (H); Joshua 7:5; Joshua 8:24; Joshua 10:10; Joshua 11:8 (all JE), Genesis 14:15; Deuteronomy 1:44; Judges 4:22; Isaiah 41:3 + 13 times + Judges 7:25 (read אֶת־ for אֶל־, 𝔊 𝔙 𝔗 GFM Bu Now).

lit., acc. om. Judges 8:4; I Samuel 30:8 (+ הִשִּׂיג), v I Samuel 30:10; Genesis 14:14; Exodus 14:23 (P), Exodus 15:9 (poem; + הִשִּׂיג), Leviticus 26:36, Leviticus 26:37 (H), Proverbs 28:1; especially pt. pl. הָר׳ the pursuers Joshua 2:16^(×2), Joshua 2:22^(×2;) Nehemiah 9:11; Isaiah 30:16, so הָרֹדֵף Joshua 8:20; Lamentations 1:6.

chase, hunt, partridge (קֹרֵא) I Samuel 26:20 (in sim.; ‖ בִּקֵּשׁ).

pursue, in fig., Jeremiah 20:11; Lamentations 4:19, רִדְפוּ וְתִפְשׂוּהוּ Psalms 71:11, cf. Lamentations 1:3; Psalms 7:6 (+ הִשִּׂיג; v. supr.); especially subj. י׳, pursue (fig. of punishment, judgment), c. אחרי Jeremiah 29:18 (בַּהֶרֶב), acc. pers. Lamentations 3:43 (om. v Lamentations 3:66), Psalms 83:16 (בְּסַעֲרֶ֑ךָ); אֶת־קַשׁ יָבֵשׁ תִּרְדֹּף Job 13:25 (‖ תַּעֲרוֹץ); רֹדְכָּם, of מַלְאַךְ י׳, Psalms 35:6.

fig. persecute, harass, c. acc. pers. Deuteronomy 30:7; Job 19:22 (כְּמוֹ־אֵל), Psalms 69:27; Psalms 109:16; Psalms 119:86, Psalms 119:161; c. acc. נַפְשִׁי Psalms 143:3, c. acc. נְדִבָתִי Job 30:15 (but subj. obscure; read perhaps תֵּרָדֵף Bu; Du תִּנָּדֵף); c. ל pers. Job 19:28; pt. as subst. Jeremiah 15:15; Jeremiah 17:18 Psalms 7:2; Psalms 31:16 (‖ אוֹיְבַי; We מְרַדְּפָ֑י for מֵרֹדְפָ֑י), Psalms 35:3; Psalms 119:84, Psalms 119:157 (+ צָרַי), Psalms 142:7.

pursue, dog, subj. דָּם, c. acc. pers. Ezekiel 35:6^(×2) (del v a 𝔊 Co Toy Krae); in good sense, attend closely upon, טוֹב וָחֶסֶד יִרְדְּפוּנִי Psalms 23:6.

fig. follow after, aim to secure: in bad sense, c. acc. שַׁלְמֹנִים Isaiah 1:23, שֵׁכָר Isaiah 5:11, ר׳ קָדִים Hosea 12:2, רֹדְפֵי זִמָּה Psalms 119:150; good sense, c. inf. לְדַעַת אֶת־י׳ Hosea 6:3, c. acc. צֶדֶק Deuteronomy 16:20 Isaiah 51:1 (‖ מְבַקְשֵׁי י׳), צְדָקָה וָהָ֑סֶד Proverbs 21:21, שָׁלוֹם Psalms 34:15 (‖ בַּקֵּשׁ), טוֹב Psalms 38:21.

pass.: Pf. 1 pl. עַל־צַוָּארֵנוּ נִרְדָּ֑פְנוּ Lamentations 5:5 upon our neck (i.e. closely) we are pursued (improb., cf. Bu); perhaps Impf. 3 fs. תֵּרָדֵף Job 30:15 Bu (for תִּרְדֹּף); Pt. א׳ יְבַקֵּשׁ אֶת־נִרְדָּ֑ף Ecclesiastes 3:15 God seeketh the pursued, (i.e. what has disappeared, is past, but dub.).

Pf. 3 fs. consec. וְּרִדְּפָה Hosea 2:9; Impf. 3 ms. יְרַדֶּף־ Nahum 1:8 (Psalms 7:6 v. Qal); 3 fs. תְּדַדֵּף Proverbs 13:21; Pt. מְרַדֵּף Proverbs 11:19 +;—pursue ardently, c. acc. pers. Hosea 2:9 (in fig.); fig. also וְאֹיְבָיו יְר׳ הֹשֶׁךְ Nahum 1:8 (Gunk^{ZAW xiii (1893), 230}, plausibly, רֶהְדֹּף), cf. Proverbs 13:21; elsewhere pt., in Pr: aim (eagerly) to secure, c. acc. רָעָה Proverbs 11:19, רֵיקִים Proverbs 12:11; Proverbs 28:19, אֲמָרִים Proverbs 19:7 (meaning dub., v. Toy); in good sense, צְדָקָה Proverbs 15:9.

Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְרֻדַּף כְמֹץ הָרִים Isaiah 17:13 it shall be chased away like chaff of the mountains (‖ וְנָס).

Pf. 3 ms. sf. הִרְּדִיפֻהוּ Judges 20:43 usually they chased him (Benj., coll.), but strange after כִּתְּרוּ surrounded (still stranger after כתתו or כרתו 𝔊), and why Hiph.? GFM conj. dittogr. of הִדְרִיכֻהוּ foll.; the reverse conjectured by Bu Now.

רַ֫הַב

n.[m.] lit. storm, arrogance, but only as names, v. infr.;—abs. ר׳ Isaiah 30:7, רָ֑הַב Job 9:13 +;—

mythical sea monster (cf. Barton ^{JAOS xv. 1 (1891), 22 f.}): עֹזְרֵי ר׳ Job 9:13; ‖ יָם Job 26:12; ‖ תַּנִּין Isaiah 51:9; Psalms 89:11

emblemat. name of Egypt, רַהַב וּבָבֶל Psalms 87:4; ‖ מצרים Isaiah 30:7.

רָהִיט

n.m.coll. rafters? boards? (as strips running between beams? so Bu conj.; cf. Syr. ܪܗܛܐ boards (?), Nö in Bu);—sf. רָהִיטֵנוּ Song of Songs 1:17 Qr (Kt רחיטנו; Codd. רַח׳ Baer ^{p. 46} Kö^{ii. 1, 149}), ‖ קֹרוֹת.

רָוָה

vb. be saturated, drink one’s fill (NH in der. spec.; Arabic رَوِىَ; Ethiopic ረወየ: Aramaic רְוִי, ܪܘܳܐ );—

Pf. 3 fs. consec. וְרָֽוְתָה מִדָּמָם Jeremiah 46:10, fig. of sword (‖ שָֽׂבְעָה, אָֽכְלָה); Impf. 3 mpl. יִרְוְיֻן כִ דֶּשֶׁן בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ Psalms 36:9 (Ges^{§ 75 u}) fig. of men (‖ תַּשְׁקֵם); 1 pl. נִרְוֶה דֹדִים Proverbs 7:18 we will take our fill of love (‖ נִתְעַלְּסָה).

Pf. 3 fs. רִוְּתָה Isaiah 34:5, וְר׳ consec. v Isaiah 34:7; 1 s. consec. וְרִוֵּיתִי Jeremiah 31:14; Impf. 1 s. sf. אֲרַיָּ֫וֶךְ Isaiah 16:9 (read prob. אֲרַוַּ֫יִךְ Margolis^{Am. J. Sem. Lang., Oct. 1902, 48}, vid. also Kö^{i. 589 f.}; > אֲרַוָּ֫יֶךְ Sta^{§ 634 e} Ges^{§ 75 dd}); 3 mpl. sf. יְרַוֻּךָ Proverbs 5:19; Inf. abs. רַוֵּה Psalms 65:11 (Ges^{§ 113 z});—

intens. be intoxicated, drunk Isaiah 34:5, fig. of sword; + מִדָּם v Isaiah 34:7, of land (‖ יְדֻשָּׁ֑ן).

causat., drench, water abundantly, c. acc. תְּלָמֶיהָ Psalms 65:11; Isaiah 16:9 c. acc. pers. + דִּמְעָתִי material; saturate (fig.), sate, ור׳ נֶפֶשׁ הַכֹּהֲנִים דָּ֑שֶׁן Jeremiah 31:14 (‖ שׂבע); sexually, דַּדֶּיהָ יְרַוֻּךָ Proverbs 5:19.

Pf. 3 ms. הִרְוָה Isaiah 55:10, sf. הִרְוַנִי Lamentations 3:15; 2 ms. sf. הִרְוִיתָ֑נִי Isaiah 43:24; 1 s. הִרְוֵיתִי Jeremiah 31:25; Pt. מַרְוֶה Proverbs 11:25;—saturate, water, c. acc. ארץ Isaiah 55:10 (subj. שֶׁלֶג, גֶּשֶׁם); cause to drink (fig.), c.acc. pers.etrei (לַעֲנָה) Lamentations 3:15 (‖ הִשְׂבִּיעַנִי); c. acc. pers. only (נֶפֶשׁ) Jeremiah 31:25 (‖ מִלֵּאתִי), abs. Proverbs 11:25; of Isr. satisfying י׳, חֵלֶב זְבָתִים Isaiah 43:24.

Impf. יוּרֶא (יָרְוֶה?) Proverbs 11:25 v. Toy and ירא p. 432.

רִי

n.[m.] moisture (for *רְוִי Sta^{§ 117 c}, or רִוְיְ Kö^{ii. 1, 64}; cf. ii. כִּי);—abs. בְּרִי יַטְרִיחַ עָ֑ב Job 37:11.

רָוֶה

adj. watered;—ms. ר׳, of garden גַּן (in sim.) Jeremiah 31:12 Isaiah 58:11; fs. הָרָוָה Deuteronomy 29:18 (opp. הַצְּמֵאָה; appar. of herbage, in proverb. expression for everything); perhaps also cstr. רְוֵה Job 10:15 = sated with affliction (for רְאֵה), v. [רָאֶה].

רְוָיָה

n.f. saturation (Lag^{BN 51, 150});—abs. כּוֹסִי ר׳ Psalms 23:5 (fig.), i.e. is well-filled Ges^{§ 141 c}; in gen. לָר׳ Psalms 66:12, but Vrss and most mod. לָֽרְוָחָה to (a place of) relief.

רוּחַ

n.f. Genesis 41:8 (less often m. Numbers 11:31) breath, wind, spirit;—abs. ר׳ Genesis 8:1 +, ר֑וּחָה Jeremiah 52:23; cstr. רוּחַ Genesis 6:17 +; sf. רוּחִי v Genesis 6:3 +, רוּחֲךָ Psalms 104:30 +, etc.; pl. רוּחוֹת v Psalms 104:4 +, רֻחוֹת Jeremiah 49:36, רוּחֹת Numbers 16:22; Numbers 26:16 (v. Br^{רוה in OT, JBL xix (1900), 132 ff.}, full statement of all passages);—

breath of mouth or nostrils (33 times):

רוּחַ פִּיו Job 15:30 breath of his mouth, cf. Job 19:17; רוּחַ אַפֵּינוּ Lamentations 4:20 (fig. of king), of idols לֹא רוּחַ בָּם Jeremiah 10:14 = Jeremiah 51:17, Habakkuk 2:19 Psalms 135:17; cf. Job 9:18

as mere breath: cf. 2 e. דִּבְרֵי־רוּחַ Job 16:3 i.e. windy words; לְרוּחַ אִמְרֵי נוֹאָשׁ Job 6:26, הַנְּבִיאִים יִהְיוּ לְרוּחַ Jeremiah 5:13.

as word of command: (1) of God: בְּרוּחַ פִּיו כָּל־ (נעשׂו) צְבָאָם Psalms 33:6, cf. Isaiah 34:16 (‖ פֶּה); (2) of Messianic king: בְּרוּחַ שְׂפָתָיו יָמִית רָשָׁע Isaiah 11:4.

as hard breathing through the nostrils in anger: (1) of God: מֵרוּחַ אַפּוֹ יִכְלוּ Job 4:9 Exodus 15:8 (poem), II Samuel 22:16 = Psalms 18:16, Isaiah 30:28; Isaiah 59:19; (2) of man: רוּחַ עָרִיצִים Isaiah 25:4.

as sign and symbol of life: רוּחַ חַוִּים breath of life Genesis 6:17; Genesis 7:15 (P); נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו Genesis 7:22 (P); Ezekiel 37:5, cf. v Ezekiel 37:6, Ezekiel 37:8, Ezekiel 37:9^(×3), Ezekiel 37:10, Ezekiel 37:14 (breath or spirit), Ecclesiastes 3:19.

wind (117 times):

wind of heaven: Genesis 8:1 (P) Exodus 15:10 (E) Numbers 11:31 (J) I Kings 18:45 +, Jeremiah 10:13, thence Jeremiah 51:16 Psalms 135:7; רוּחַ י׳ Hosea 13:15 Isaiah 40:7, cf. Job 26:13 (Di Bu); †רוּחַ (ה)קָדִים east wind Exodus 10:13^(×2); Exodus 14:21 (J) Psalms 48:8 Jeremiah 18:17 Ezekiel 17:10; Ezekiel 19:12; Ezekiel 27:26 Jonah 4:8; †ר׳ צָפוֹן north wind Proverbs 25:23; †ר׳ יָם sea wind (west wind) Exodus 10:19 (J); †ר׳ הַיּוֹם day wind, evening wind Genesis 3:8 (J; cf. Song of Songs 2:17; Song of Songs 4:6); †אַרְבַּע רוּחוֹת four winds Jeremiah 49:36 Ezekiel 37:9 (quarters?) Daniel 8:8; Daniel 11:4 (fig. quarters; cf. b), Zechariah 2:10; Zechariah 6:5; רוּחַ סְעָרָה storm wind Psalms 107:25; Psalms 148:8 Ezekiel 1:4 (ר׳ סְעָרוֹת), Ezekiel 13:11, Ezekiel 13:13; רוּחַ סֹעָה rushing wind Psalms 55:9 (read poss. סערה Hup); בַּעְיָם רוּחוֹ Isaiah 11:15 (read בְּעֹצֶם ר׳, v. עֲיָם, עֹצֶם), etc.; wind personif.: כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ II Samuel 22:11 = Psalms 18:11, Psalms 104:3, cf. Hosea 4:19 Psalms 104:4.

quarter (of wind), side: רוּחַ הַקָּדִים Ezekiel 42:16 east side; רוּחַ הַצָּפוֹן v Ezekiel 42:17 north side; רוּחַ הַדָּרוֹם v Ezekiel 42:18 south side; רוּחַ הַיָּם v Ezekiel 42:19 west side; אַרְבַּע רוּחוֹת v Ezekiel 42:20 I Chronicles 9:24 four sides; ר֑וּחָה Jeremiah 52:23 on the sides.

breath of air: שָׁאֲפוּ רוּחַ כַּתַּנִּים Jeremiah 14:6; רוּחַ לֹא יָבֹא בֵינֵיהֶם Job 41:8.

air, gas, from womb (dub.); כְּמוֹ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Isaiah 26:18 (Di, e); רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם (RV breath) Isaiah 33:11 (Du, 3 c).

vain, empty thing: רוּחַ חַיְּי֑ Job 7:7 my life is wind; דַּעַת רוּחַ Job 15:2; רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Isaiah 41:29; רְעוּת רוּחַ striving for wind Ecclesiastes 1:14; Ecclesiastes 2:11, Ecclesiastes 2:17, Ecclesiastes 2:26; Ecclesiastes 4:4, Ecclesiastes 4:6; Ecclesiastes 6:9; cf. Ecclesiastes 1:17; Ecclesiastes 4:16; Ecclesiastes 5:15 Hosea 12:2 Psalms 78:39.

spirit, as breathing quickly in animation, agitation = temper, disposition (76 times; so, distinctively, as compared with נֶפֶשׁ and לֵבָב):

spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour: לֹא הָיָה בָהּ עוֹד רוּחַ I Kings 10:5 = II Chronicles 9:4; מַה־זֶּה רוּחֲךָ סָרָה I Kings 21:5; וַתְּחִי רוּחַ Genesis 45:27 (E); וַתָּשָׁב רוּחוֹ Judges 15:19; I Samuel 30:12.

courage: לֹא הָיָה בָם עוֹד ר׳ Joshua 5:1; יִבְצֹר ר׳ נְגִידִים Psalms 76:13; וְנָֽבְקָה ר׳ מִצְרַיִם Isaiah 19:3; תתעטּף רוּחִי Psalms 77:4; Psalms 142:4; Psalms 143:4; עוֹד ר׳ לֹא קָמָה Joshua 2:11; ר׳ אִישׁ יְכַלְכֵּל מַחֲלֵהוּ Proverbs 18:14.

temper, especially anger: רוּחָ רָעָה בֵּין וגו׳ Judges 9:23; אָז רָֽפְתָה רוּחָם Judges 8:3; משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֹ Proverbs 16:32, cf. Proverbs 25:28; Proverbs 29:11; Job 15:13; הֵנִיחוּ אֶת־רוּחִי Zechariah 6:8; Ecclesiastes 7:9; Ecclesiastes 10:4.

impatience or patience: קֹצֶר רוּחַ Exodus 6:9 (P) impatience, hastiness of temper, cf. (of י׳) Micah 2:7; קְצַר־רוּחַ Proverbs 14:29 (‖ אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם); הֱצִיקַתְנִי רוּחַ בִּטְנִי Job 32:18 (Du breath; Di Bu divine spirit, cf. v Job 32:8); אִם מַדּוּעַ לֹא־תִקְצַר רוּחִי Job 21:4; הֲקָצַר רוּחַ י׳ Micah 2:7; אֶרֶךְ ר׳ Ecclesiastes 7:8.

spirit, disposition, as troubled, bitter, or discontented; וַתִּפָּעֶם רוּח(י) (his) spirit was troubled Genesis 41:8 (E) Daniel 2:3, cf. v Daniel 2:1; מֹרַת רוּחַ Genesis 26:35 (P) bitterness of spirit; עֲצוּבַת ר׳ Isaiah 54:6, cf. Ezekiel 3:14; Job 6:4.

as crushed: וְכִהֲתָה כָל־רוּחַ Ezekiel 21:12, cf. Isaiah 61:3; Proverbs 15:4, Proverbs 15:13; Proverbs 17:22; Proverbs 18:14 Psalms 143:7.

disposition of various kinds, often unaccountable and uncontrollable impulse: הֵעִיר אֶת־רוּחַ I Chronicles 5:26^(×2;) II Chronicles 21:16; II Chronicles 36:22; Ezra 1:1, Ezra 1:5; Jeremiah 51:11; Haggai 1:14^(×3); הִנְנִי ן(וֹ)תֵן בּוֹ רוּחַ II Kings 19:7 = Isaiah 37:7; Numbers 14:24 (J; v. עִם 4 b), Malachi 2:15^(×2), Malachi 2:16; Deuteronomy 2:30; רוּחַ קִנְאָה jealous disposition Numbers 5:14^(×2), Numbers 5:30 (P); רוּחַ זְנוּנִים Hosea 4:12; Hosea 5:4; רוּחַ עִוְעִים Isaiah 19:14; רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט Isaiah 28:6; אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים בּוֹ (administrative) Genesis 41:38 (E); קַר רוּחַ אִישׁ תְּבוּנָה Proverbs 17:27.

prophetic spirit: יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־ רוּחַ בּוֹ Numbers 27:18 (P; or g, as Genesis 41:38); רוּחַ אֵלִיָּהוּ עַל־אֱלִישָׁע II Kings 2:15, cf. v II Kings 2:9; רוּחַ תַּרְדֵּמָה spirit of deep sleep (ecstatic, cf. Genesis 2:21; Genesis 15:12, but Di al. g, as Isaiah 19:14) Isaiah 29:10; Micah 2:11; רוּחַ הַטֻּמְאָה Zechariah 13:2 (of lying proph.), cf. Ezekiel 13:3.

spirit of the living, breathing being, dwelling in the בָּשָׂר of men and animals, ‖ נֶפֶשׁ (25 times):

gift and creation of God: יֹצֵר רוּחַ אָדָם בְּקִרְבּוֹ Zechariah 12:1; רוּחַ אֱלוֹהַּ בְּאַפִּי Job 27:3, cf. Isaiah 42:5.

God preserves it: פְּקֻדָּֽתְךָ שָֽׁמְרָה רוּחִי Job 10:12, cf. Job 12:10; אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל בָּשָׂ֑ר Numbers 16:22; Numbers 27:16 (P); תֹּכֵן רוּחוֹת Proverbs 16:2.

it is therefore God’s spirit: Genesis 6:3 (J; v. דִּין ad fin.).

it departs at death: Psalms 78:39 (Dr a wind that passeth away 2 e); חַיֵּי רוּחִי Isaiah 38:16 (Di principle of life), Psalms 146:4; especially Psalms 104:29, Psalms 104:30; Job 17:1; Job 34:14 (cf. v Job 34:15), Isaiah 57:16; Ecclesiastes 8:8^(×2) (wind Wild); אֵינְךָ יוֹדֵעַ מַה־דֶּרֶךְ הָרוּחַ Ecclesiastes 11:5, cf. Ecclesiastes 3:21; over ag. הָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ Ecclesiastes 12:7; בְּיָֽדְךָ אַפְקִיד רוּחִי Psalms 31:6.

disembodied being (dub., Di Du breath of wind): וְרוּחַ עַל־פָּנַי יַחֲלֹף Job 4:15.

spirit as seat of emotion = נֶפֶשׁ:

desire (poss. 3 g), Isaiah 26:9 (‖ נֶפֶשׁ).

sorrow, trouble (prob. 3 e), Job 7:11 (‖ נֶפֶשׁ).—I Samuel 1:15 v. קָשֶׁה.

occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts, ‖ לֵב, or synon. with it: רוּחַ חָכְמָה Exodus 28:3; Deuteronomy 34:9 (both P; prob. 3 g); תֹּעֵי רוּחַ Isaiah 29:24, cf. Job 20:3 (Hi Bu Du wind of Job’s words), Psalms 77:7 (𝔊 Sym 𝔖 Jer troubled disposition); רוּחַ יהוה Isaiah 40:13; come into mind Ezekiel 11:5, Ezekiel 20:32 (cf. לֵב Isaiah 65:17; Jeremiah 3:16 +); I Chronicles 28:12.

rarely of the will; also = לֵב: רוּחַ נָכוֹן Psalms 51:12 (= לֵב נָכוֹן Psalms 57:8^(×2) +); רוּחַ נְדִיבָה v Psalms 51:14; נָֽדְבָה רוּחוֹ Exodus 35:21 (P; cf. נְדִיב לֵב Exodus 35:5, Exodus 35:22 (P) II Chronicles 29:31).

רוּחַ especially of moral character; also = לֵב: רוחֵ חֲדָשָׁה Ezekiel 11:19; Ezekiel 18:31; Ezekiel 36:26; רוּחִו v Ezekiel 36:27 Isaiah 59:21 (רוּחִי, ‖ דְּבָרַי; but prob. prophetic spirit 9 b); לֵב חָדָשׁ Ezekiel 18:31; Ezekiel 36:26; נְכֵה רוּחַ Isaiah 66:2; דַּכְּאֵי רוּחַ Psalms 34:19 (cf. לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Isaiah 57:15); מִשֵּׁבֶר רוּחַ Isaiah 65:14 (cf. 3 f); רוּחַ נִשְׁבָּרָה Psalms 51:19; (‖ לֵב נִשְׁבָּר, cf. נִשְׁבְּרֵי לֵב Psalms 34:19 Isaiah 61:1); Psalms 32:2; Proverbs 11:13; Proverbs 16:18 Psalms 78:8 Ecclesiastes 7:8 (cf. גְּבַהּ לֵב Proverbs 16:5); שְׁפַל רוּחַ Proverbs 16:19; Proverbs 29:23; Isaiah 57:15; רוּחַ שְׁפָלִים v Isaiah 57:15 (cf. 3 f).

spirit of God (94 times; not D or Je or any Deut. writer; conception of its activity in inspiring prophecy prob. discredited from abuse by false prophets, v. נביא, נבא):

as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy, Numbers 11:17, Numbers 11:25^(×2), Numbers 11:26, Numbers 11:29 (J), I Samuel 10:6, I Samuel 10:10 (cf. v I Samuel 10:5), I Samuel 19:20, I Samuel 19:23; as inciting to deeds of frenzy, in the ecstatic state; hence conceived as ר׳ אֱלֹהִים רָעָה I Samuel 16:15^(×2), I Samuel 16:16, = ר׳ רָעָה מֵאֵת י׳ v I Samuel 16:14 = צלח ר׳ א׳ רָעָה I Samuel 18:10 (other narrative) = ר׳ י׳ רָעָה I Samuel 19:9; ר׳ א׳ I Samuel 16:23 = רוּחַ הָרָעָה v I Samuel 16:23, cf. הָרוּחַ I Kings 22:21 = ר׳ שֶׁקֶר v I Kings 22:22, I Kings 22:23 = II Chronicles 18:20, II Chronicles 18:21, II Chronicles 18:22 = רוּחַ י׳ I Kings 22:24 = II Chronicles 18:23; cf. also (in earlier prophets) אִישׁ הָרוּחַ, i.e. one possessed by the spirit in the ecstatic state, ‖ הַנָּבִיא Hosea 9:7; רוּחַ י׳ Micah 3:8 (‖ כֹּחַ) is prob. gloss. (We Now); וְלֹא רוּחִי Isaiah 30:1; רוּחַ dealing with Ezek.: Ezekiel 2:2; Ezekiel 3:12, Ezekiel 3:14, Ezekiel 3:24; Ezekiel 8:3; Ezekiel 11:1, Ezekiel 11:5, Ezekiel 11:24 (Co gloss.), Ezekiel 37:1; Ezekiel 43:5 (all implying ecstatic state of vision), cf. Elijah I Kings 18:12; II Kings 2:16.

spirit as impelling proph. to utter instruction or warning (higher and later conception): transition prob. Numbers 24:2; II Samuel 23:2; I Chronicles 12:18; elsewhere in Ch.: II Chronicles 15:1; II Chronicles 20:14; II Chronicles 24:20; distinctly in Isaiah 11:2, Isaiah 48:16, cf. Isaiah 61:1; so of ancient prophets, Zechariah 7:12 Nehemiah 9:30, cf., of future prophetic gift, Joel 3:1, Joel 3:2.

imparting warlike energy, and executive and administrative power: (1) to שֹׁפְטִים, מושִׁיעִים, מְלָכִים, of ancient Isr.: וַתְּהִי רוּחַ י׳ על Judges 3:10; Judges 11:29, cf. Judges 6:34; Judges 13:25; Judges 14:6, Judges 14:19; Judges 15:14; I Samuel 11:6; I Samuel 16:13, I Samuel 16:14; so also עַד יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ מִמָּרוֹם Isaiah 32:15; (2) resting upon Messianic king: Isaiah 11:2^(×3); upon servant of י׳, Isaiah 42:1.

late, as endowing men with various gifts: technical skill Exodus 31:3; Exodus 35:31 (P); understanding Job 32:8 (‖ נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); poured out by divine wisdom Proverbs 1:23.

as energy of life: רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַל־פְּנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם Genesis 1:2 (P); רוּחַ אֵל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי Job 33:4 (‖ נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); as vital power, opp. בָּשָׂר: Isaiah 31:3; in cherubic chariot: Ezekiel 1:12, cf. v Ezekiel 1:20, Ezekiel 1:21; Ezekiel 10:17; reviving Israel Ezekiel 39:29; Zechariah 12:10; Isaiah 44:3.

= ancient angel of the presence and later Shekina: ר׳ קָדְשׁוֹ Isaiah 63:10, Isaiah 63:11 = ר׳ י׳ v Isaiah 63:14 (= מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו v Isaiah 63:9), cf. Psalms 106:33; so also ר׳ קָדְשְׁךָ Psalms 51:13 (in national prayer), cf. Nehemiah 9:20 Psalms 143:10; proph. of restoration conceive of the divine spirit as standing in their midst and about to fulfil all divine promises: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֹכֲכֶם Haggai 2:5; Zechariah 4:6; this conception culminates in רוּחַ = divine Presence, and as such omnipresent, Psalms 139:7 (‖ פָּנֶיךָ; cf. v Psalms 139:8).

רֵיחַ

n.m. Jeremiah 48:11 scent, odour (proposes breath);—abs. Song of Songs 2:13 +, usually cstr. Genesis 8:21 +; sf. רֵיחוֹ Jeremiah 48:11 Song of Songs 1:12, רֵיחֵנוּ Exodus 5:21;—

scent, odour, of plants and fields Genesis 27:27 (JE) Song of Songs 1:12; Song of Songs 2:3; Song of Songs 4:11; Song of Songs 7:14 Hosea 14:7, of ointments Song of Songs 1:13; Song of Songs 4:10, of pers. and garments Genesis 27:27^(×2) (JE) Song of Songs 4:11; Song of Songs 7:9, of water Job 14:9; fig. of influence, reputation Exodus 5:21 (J) Jeremiah 48:11.

term. techn., רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ odour of soothing (to God), tranquillizing odour (of ascending sacrifices, v. נִיחֹחַ) Genesis 8:21 (J), elsewhere Ezekiel 6:13; Ezekiel 16:19; Ezekiel 20:28, Ezekiel 20:41 and P: Exodus 29:18, Exodus 29:25, Exodus 29:41 Leviticus 1:9 + 16 times Lv, Numbers 15:3 + 17 times Nu.

רִיחַ

vb. denom.

(?), smell, perceive odour;—Impf. 3 ms. יָרִיחַ Job 39:25, יָרַח I Samuel 26:19 + 2 times; וַיָּ֫רַח Genesis 8:21; 3 mpl. יְרִיח֑וּן Psalms 115:6, יְרִיחֻ֑ן Deuteronomy 4:28, etc.; Inf. cstr. הָרִיחַ Exodus 30:38, etc.;—smell, c. acc. Genesis 8:21; Genesis 27:27 (JE), I Samuel 26:19; abs. Deuteronomy 4:28 Psalms 115:6; metaph. בַּהֲרִיחוֹ אֵשׁ Judges 16:9, יָרִיחַ מִלְחָמָה Job 39:25 the horse scenteth battle; c. ב Exodus 30:38; Leviticus 26:31 (both P); metaph. = delight in Amos 5:21; Isaiah 11:3 (prob. dittogr. Br^{MP 202}).

רֶ֫וַח

n.m.

space, interval Genesis 32:17 (E; בֵּין … וּבֵין).

respite, relief, Esther 4:14.

רְוָיָה²

רוּם

vb. be high, exalted, rise (OHeb, Ph., Old Aramaic, Palm., all in n.pr.; Sab. in רים epith. dei et regis Fell^{ZMG liv (1900), 25f.} also in n.pr. Mordtm ^{ib. xxx (1876), 36} SabDenkm^{No. 14, 1. 1}; Arabic رام be high, dial. of Oman (Jayakar^{JA xxi. 813, 875}) and Zanzibar (Prä^{ZMG xxxiv (1880), 218}); Ethiopic in deriv.; Aramaic רָם ܪܘܡ (very often in der. spec. and deriv.));—

Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְרָם Deuteronomy 8:14 +; 3 fs. רָ֫מָה I Samuel 2:1 +; וְרָאֲמָה Zechariah 14:10 v. רָאַם; 3 pl. רָמוּ Proverbs 30:13 Psalms 131:1, רָ֑מּוּ Job 22:12 (Baer Gi; Ges^{§ 20 l}); Impf. יָרוּם Isaiah 30:18 +, juss. יָרֹם Numbers 24:7, וַיָּ֫רָם Hosea 13:6 Ezekiel 10:4 [וַיָּרֻם Exodus 16:20 v. רמם]; 3 mpl. יְרֻמ֑וּן Isaiah 49:11, etc.; Imv. ms. ר֫וּמָה Psalms 21:14 +; Inf. cstr. רוּם Deuteronomy 17:20 Ezekiel 10:16, כְּרֻם Psalms 12:9 [Bae conj. כֶּרֶם, sf. רוֹמָם Ezekiel 10:17 (Ges^{§ 72 q}); Pt. רָם Isaiah 6:1 +, pl. רָמִים Isaiah 2:13 +, cstr. רָמֵי Isaiah 10:33, etc.;—

be high, lit. rock (in fig.) Psalms 61:3 (מִן comp.); be (set on) high, רָ֑מּוּ Job 22:12 (of stars), especially pt., = adj., in gen. Isaiah 2:12 (+ גֵּאֶה), of mts. v Isaiah 2:14; Deuteronomy 12:2, hill Ezekiel 6:13, Ezekiel 20:28; Ezekiel 34:6, throne Isaiah 6:1, trees = tall Isaiah 2:13 Ezekiel 17:22, cf. (in fig.) Isaiah 10:33 (רָמֵי הַקּוֹמָה); human stature Deuteronomy 1:28 (מִן comp.), Deuteronomy 2:10, Deuteronomy 2:21; Deuteronomy 9:2; רָמִים Psalms 78:69 heights (of heaven; ‖ אֶרֶץ); רָמִים of inhab. of heavens Job 21:22.

especially of י׳, רָם וְנִשָּׂא Isaiah 57:15, cf. Psalms 138:6, + עַל־כַּל־הָעַמִּים Psalms 99:2, גּוֹיִם Psalms 113:4.

be raised, uplifted:

of highway Isaiah 49:11 (made high, put in order); voice, Deuteronomy 27:14 (pt. = adj.) uplifted.

fig.: of hand, symbol of might, Deuteronomy 32:27, + עַל pers. Micah 5:8; of Isr. in Exodus בְּיָד רָמָה Exodus 14:8; Numbers 33:3 (both P); of י׳’s hand Isaiah 26:11 Psalms 89:14 (‖ תָּעֹז); fig. of presumption Numbers 15:30 (P); זְרוֹעַ רָמָה of might Job 38:15; of eyes, fig. of arrogance Proverbs 6:17; Proverbs 30:13 Psalms 131:1 (‖ גָּבַהּ לִבִּי), so Psalms 18:28, but ‖ II Samuel 22:28 of pers.; of heart, fig. of reckless elation, Hosea 13:6; Deuteronomy 8:14; Ezekiel 31:10 (בְּגָבְהוֹ, ‖ גָּבַהְתָּ בְּקוֹמָה) Daniel 11:12, + מִן pers. Deuteronomy 17:20; of horn, fig. of triumph I Samuel 2:1 (song), Psalms 89:25 (v Psalms 89:18 see Hiph.), Psalms 112:9, so head Psalms 27:6 (+ עַל pers.), Psalms 140:9 (join ירומו to v Psalms 89:10, but read יָרִימוּ Che, cf. Hup-Now).

of pers., be exalted (in fig.), king Numbers 24:7 (JE; + מִן comp.; ‖ תִּנַּשֵּׂא); of God (י׳, i.e. shew his exaltation) Isaiah 30:18; II Samuel 22:47 = Psalms 18:47, Psalms 21:14; Psalms 46:11^(×2), + עַל־(הַ)שָּׁמַיִם Psalms 57:6, Psalms 57:12; Psalms 108:6; עֶבֶד י׳ Isaiah 52:13, י׳’s people Psalms 89:17; rebellious Psalms 66:7 (Qr; Kt Hiph.: shew exaltation); worthlessness (personif.) Psalms 12:9; foe Psalms 13:3; city Proverbs 11:11.

be lifted, rise, of ark, מֵעַל־הארץ Genesis 7:17 (J), so of cherubim Ezekiel 10:16, cf. v Ezekiel 10:17; כְּבוֹד י׳ v Ezekiel 10:4 (מֵעַל הַכְּרוּב).—Proverbs 24:7 v. i. רָאמוֹת p. 910b.

Pf. 3 fs. sf. רֹמְמָ֑תְהוּ Ezekiel 31:4; 1 s. רוֹמַמְתִּי Isaiah 1:2; Isaiah 23:4; Impf. 3 ms. יְרוֹמֵם Hosea 11:7, sf. יְרוֹמְמֵנִי Psalms 27:5, וִירוֹמִמְךָ Psalms 37:34; 1 s. sf. וַאֲרֹמְמֶ֑נְהוּ Exodus 15:2 (Ges^{§ 58 i}), etc. (אֵרוֹמָם v. Hithpōʿl.); Imv. mpl. רוֹמְמוּ Psalms 99:5, Psalms 99:9; Inf. cstr. לְרוֹמֵם Ezra 9:9; Pt. מְרוֹמֵם I Samuel 2:7, sf. מְרוֹמְמִי Psalms 9:14, f. רוֹמֵמָה Psalms 118:16 (מ om., Hup-Now Bae; cf. Kö^{i. 454});—

raise, rear, children Isaiah 1:2; Isaiah 23:4 (both ‖ גִּדֵּל).

cause tree to grow, subj. תְּהוֹם Ezekiel 31:4 (‖ גִּדֵּל).

rear, erect, temple Ezra 9:9.

lift up:

in fig., acc. pers., subj. י׳ Psalms 27:5 (+ בְּצוּר); + מִן comp. II Samuel 22:49 = Psalms 18:49, + מִן from Psalms 9:14; acc. om. Hosea 11:7 (si vera l., cf. We Now).

raise waves of sea, subj. wind, Psalms 107:25.

exalt, acc. pers., subj. י׳ Job 17:4 (read perhaps תְּרִמֵם, so Bu, cf. Di), Psalms 37:34 (+ לָרֶשֶׁת אָ֑רֶץ); acc. om. I Samuel 2:7 Psalms 118:16 (in victory); subj. wisdom, acc. pers. Proverbs 4:8, cf. צְדָקָה תְּרוֹמֵם־גּוֹי Proverbs 14:34.

exalt, extol, acc. י׳, Psalms 30:2, ‖ אוֹדֶה Isaiah 25:1 Psalms 118:28, ‖ הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Psalms 99:5, Psalms 99:9, ‖ הִלֵּל Psalms 107:32, ‖ בֵּרַךְ Psalms 145:1, ‖ אַנְוֵהוּ Exodus 15:2; acc. שֵׁם י׳ Psalms 34:4 (‖ גִּדֵּל).

Impf. 3 fpl. תְּרוֹמַמְנָה Psalms 75:11 be lifted up, of horns (cf. Qal 2 b); Pf. 3 ms. וְרוֹמַם Psalms 66:17 and he was extolled (so Ki al.; but v. רוֹמָם infr.); Pt. מְרוֹמַם Nehemiah 9:5 extolled, of י׳’s name (cf. Pōʿlēl 3), + עַל־בְּרָכָה וג׳.

Pf. 3 ms. הֵרִים I Kings 11:27 +; 2 ms. הֲרִימוֹתָ II Kings 19:22 Psalms 89:43, וַהֲרֵמֹתָ֫ Numbers 31:28; 2 mpl. consec. וַהֲרֵמֹתֶם Numbers 18:26, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָרִים Genesis 41:44 +, juss. יָרֵם Numbers 17:2; I Samuel 2:10, וַיָּ֫רֶם Exodus 7:20 +, sf. וַיְרִימֶהָ Genesis 31:45, etc.; Imv. ms. הָרֵם Exodus 14:16; Isaiah 58:1, הָרִימָה Psalms 74:3, etc.; Inf. cstr. הָרִים Isaiah 10:15 +, sf. הֲרִימִי Genesis 39:18, etc.; Pt. מֵרִים Exodus 35:24 +, etc.;—

(1) raise, lift, c. acc., hand Exodus 17:11 (E), Numbers 20:11 (P), + אֶל־י׳ (in oath) Genesis 14:22 cf. (אֶל־הַשָּׁמַיִם) Daniel 12:7, + ב pers. against I Kings 11:26, I Kings 11:27; feet; פְּעָמִים Psalms 74:3, i.e. run (+ ל dir.); hand or foot Genesis 41:44 (E), i.e. make any movement (hyperb.); head Psalms 110:7 (Assyrian ullû rêšu Dl^{HWB 62a}), cf. יָרִימוּ Psalms 140:9 (so read, v. Qal 2 b); face, אֶל־י׳ Ezra 9:6; hand of another, subj. י׳, fig. of giving strength to, Psalms 89:43, so head Psalms 3:4; c. acc. of rod Isaiah 10:15; Exodus 14:16 (P), הֵרִים בַּמַּטֶּה Exodus 7:20 (E); rod subj., c. acc. rei Isaiah 10:15. (2) raise poor אֶבְיוֹן, c. מִן loc. I Samuel 2:8 Psalms 113:7.

lift up voice Genesis 39:15, Genesis 39:18 (J; both + קָרָא), Isaiah 40:9^(×2) (acc. om.), Isaiah 58:1; Ezra 3:12; + בִּתְרוּעָה Ezekiel 21:27, בַּחֲצֹצְרוֹת II Chronicles 5:13; + ל pers. Isaiah 13:2, לָעָב Job 38:34, + עָל pers. against II Kings 19:22 = Isaiah 37:23; הֵרִים בְּקוֹל I Chronicles 15:16.

(take into one’s hand and) lift, take up, stone Joshua 4:5 (JE; עַל־שִׁכְמוֹ), leg (of sacrif. meal) I Samuel 9:24, mantle II Kings 2:13, axe II Kings 6:7⁷ (acc. om.), yoke Hosea 11:4 (עַל־לְחֵיהֶם), censers Numbers 17:2 (P; + מִבֵּין), ashes Leviticus 6:3.

set up, erect, stone as מַצֵּבָה Genesis 31:45 (E); standard, + אֶל of people Isaiah 49:22, עַל Isaiah 62:10.

set on high, throne, מִמַּעַל לְכוֹכְבֵי אֵל Isaiah 14:13; nest (subj. נֶשֶׁר) Job 39:27.

lift up, exalt, c. acc. pers., subj. י׳ I Kings 14:7; I Kings 16:2 Psalms 89:20 (all c. מִן), Psalms 75:8 (opp. יַשְׁפִּיל); subj. קָלוֹן Proverbs 3:35, cf. Proverbs 14:29; c. acc. קֶרֶן, in both good and bad sense (cf. Qal 2 b) I Samuel 2:10; Lamentations 2:17 (לַמָּרוֹם), Psalms 89:18 (Kt; Qr Qal), Psalms 92:11; Psalms 148:14 Psalms 75:5, Psalms 75:6; but I Chronicles 25:5 sound the horn; inf. = exaltation Psalms 75:7; Psalms 66:7 v. Qal 2 c.

lift up and take away, remove, c. acc. הָעֲטָרָה Ezekiel 21:31; acc. rei + מִן loc. Isaiah 57:14, Leviticus 2:9; Leviticus 4:8, Leviticus 4:19; Leviticus 6:8 Numbers 18:30, Numbers 18:32; = do away with, גְּרֻשֹׁתֵיכֶם Ezekiel 45:9 (מֵעַל of people), הַתָּמִיד Daniel 8:11 (Kt; Qr Hoph.); = set apart, מֶכֶס Numbers 31:28 (מִן pers.).

lift off and present, contribute, offer:

to י׳, c. acc. cogn. תְּרוּמָה, Ezekiel 45:13; Ezekiel 48:8, Ezekiel 48:20; Numbers 15:20^(×2) (P), Exodus 35:24 (P); + לי׳ Ezekiel 45:1; Ezekiel 48:9; Numbers 15:19; Numbers 18:19, Numbers 18:24; Numbers 31:52; תְּרוּמַת י׳ Numbers 18:26 (+ מִן rei), v Numbers 31:28, Numbers 31:29 (all P); ת׳ בֵּית־א׳ Ezra 8:25.

c. acc. rei, + לְי׳ Leviticus 22:15.

contribute, acc. rei, ל pers. (for sacrif.), II Chronicles 30:24^(×2;) II Chronicles 35:7, II Chronicles 35:8 (acc. om.), v II Chronicles 30:9.

Pf. 3 ms. הוּרָ֑ם Exodus 29:27, הֻרַם Daniel 8:11 Qr (Kt Hiph.); Impf. 3 ms. יוּרָם Leviticus 4:10;—be taken off from (מִן) Leviticus 4:10 (P), cf. Exodus 29:27 (P; ‖ הוּנַף); be abolished Daniel 8:11 Qr (cf. Hiph. 2); Bev (after 𝔊) ins. Pt. מוּרָם after הַתָּמִיד v Daniel 8:13.

Impf. 3 ms. וַיִתְרוֹמֵם וַיִתְגַּדֵּל עַל־כָּל־אֵל Daniel 11:36 and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; 1 s. (ת assim.) אֵרוֹמָ֔ם Isaiah 33:10 (Ges^{§ 54c} Kö^{i. 454}) I will raise myself (+ אָקוּם, אֶנָּשֵׂא).

רוּם²

n.[m.] height, haughtiness (proposes inf.);—abs. ר׳,

height, loftiness, שָׁמַיִם לָר׳ וָאָרֶץ לָעֹמֶק Proverbs 25:3; cstr. רוּם עֵינַיִם fig. of haughtiness Isaiah 10:12 (‖ גֹּדֶל לֵבָב), Proverbs 21:4 (‖ רְחַב־לֵב); so רֻם לִבּוֹ Jeremiah 48:29 (‖ גַּאֲוָה, גָּאוֹן, גֹּבַתּ); then alone:

haughtiness, רוּם אֲנָשִׁים Isaiah 2:11, Isaiah 2:17 (both ‖ גַּבְהוּת).

רוֹם

adv. on high, of direction (cf. מָרוֹם 2) רוֹם יָדֵיהוּ נָשָׂא Habakkuk 3:10 (subj. תְּהוֹם).

רוּמָה

n.pr.loc. מִן־ר׳ II Kings 23:36; (ἐκ) Κρουμα, Α Ρυμα, 𝔊L Λοβεννα; poss. = [אֲרוּמָה] Judges 9:41 (q. l. perhaps also v Judges 9:31, see GFM), yet cf. Kit Benz.

רוֹמָה

adv. haughtily, לֹא תֵלְכוּ ר׳ Micah 2:3.

רָם

n.pr.m.

an ancestor of David, Ruth 4:19^(×2), brother of Jerachmeel I Chronicles 2:9, I Chronicles 2:10.

son of J. I Chronicles 2:25, I Chronicles 2:27.—Αρραν, Ραμ, etc.

name of Elihu’s family, Job 32:2 (Ραμ[α], Αραμ), dub., cf. Bu.

רָמָה

n.f. height, high-place;—abs. ר׳ as term. techn. (cf. בָּמָה), = shrine (for illicit worship): Ezekiel 16:25; ‖ גַּב v Ezekiel 16:24, Ezekiel 16:31, Ezekiel 16:39; so perhaps I Samuel 22:6, but read prob. בָּמָה, 𝔊 Βαμα (A Ραμμα), HPS.

רָמָה²

n.pr.loc. usually c. art. הָר׳ the Height, Rama, הָרָמָה (except Jeremiah 31:15 Nehemiah 11:33):

in Benj., on border of Ephr., Hosea 5:8; I Kings 15:17, I Kings 15:21, I Kings 15:22 = II Chronicles 16:1, II Chronicles 16:5, II Chronicles 16:6; Judges 4:5; Judges 19:3; Isaiah 10:29; Jeremiah 31:15; Jeremiah 40:1; Joshua 18:25 (P), Ezra 2:26 = Nehemiah 7:29, prob. also Nehemiah 11:33; 𝔊 usually Ραμα; mod. er-Râm, 5 miles N. of Jerus., Buhl^{Geogr. 172}.

in hill-country of Ephr. (= 1?), home of Samuel I Samuel 1:19; I Samuel 2:11; I Samuel 7:17; I Samuel 8:4; I Samuel 15:34; I Samuel 16:13; I Samuel 19:18, I Samuel 19:22a (all c. ה loc., הָרָמָ֫תָה), v I Samuel 19:19, I Samuel 19:22b, I Samuel 19:23^(×2); I Samuel 20:1; I Samuel 25:1; I Samuel 28:3, = הָרָמָתַיִם I Samuel 1:1 (v. צוּפִי); 𝔊 Αρμαθαιμ, Ραμα; perhaps (if distinct from 1) = Beit-Rima, 13 miles ENE. of Lydda (GASm^{Geogr. 254} Buhl^{Geogr. 170}); or Râm-allah, 3 m. SW. of Bethel (Ew^{Hist. ii. 421} al.) [cf. also Ἀριμαθαία Mt 27:57 +].

in Asher Joshua 19:29 (P), Ραμα; perhaps Râmiye, c. 12 miles E. of Ladder of Tyre Rob^{BR iii. 79} Buhl^{Geogr. 231}.

in Naphtali, Joshua 19:36 (P), Αραηλ, A 𝔊L Ραμα; mod. Râmeh, c. 8 miles WSW. of Safed Buhl^{Geogr. 222}.

(בָּ)רָמָה II Kings 8:29 = II Chronicles 22:6 (Ρεμμωθ, Ραμωθ; 𝔊L Ραμαθ Γαλ.), v. רָמוֹת 1—Vid. Dr^{Hast. DB. RAMAH}.

רָ(א)מוֹת

n.pr.

loc. Heights, Ramôth;—

in Gilead, רָמֹת בַּגִּלְעָד Joshua 21:38 (Gi; van d. H. Baer v Joshua 21:36; P), רָאמוֹת בַּגּ׳ (of Gad) Deuteronomy 4:43; I Chronicles 6:65, רָאמֹת בַּגּ׳ Joshua 20:8 (P), Ραμωθ [Joshua 20:8 Αρημωθ] ἐν (τῇ) Γαλααδ; usually רָמֹת ג׳ (Ρεμμαθ [Ερεμαθ, Ραμωθ, Ραμα(θ)] Γαλ., etc.) I Kings 4:13 + 19 times K Ch (v. גִּלְעָד 1 d); = ii. רָמָה 5, q.v.; site dub.; Onom. (Lag ^{287. 91}) 15 m. W. of Philadelphia [Jer Ib. ^{145. 31} says E!], hence Di Genesis 31:54 Buhl^{G. 261f.} conj. el-Jalʿaud, c. 17 Eng. m. NW. of Phil., and 3 m. S. of Yabboḳ; SMerill ^{E. of Jordan, 284ff.; Hast. DB. Ramoth G.} conj. (on gen. grounds) Jerash, c. 28 m. N. of Phil.; GASm^{G. 586} some place just S. of Yarmuk, cf. GACooke in Dr Dt ^{Add. xviiif.}, q.v. especially against es-Salṭ (Seetzen al.).

רָמוֹת־נֶגֶב I Samuel 30:27, v. רָ(א)מַת 3.

רָאמוֹת, Levit. city in Issachar I Chronicles 6:58 (Δαβωρ, 𝔊L Ραμωθ), prob. = רֶ֫מֶת Joshua 19:21 (P; Ρεμμας, A Ραμαθ), and יַרְמוּת 2, Joshua 21:29, q.v. p. 438 (v. also Di Joshua 19:21).

(וְ)רָמוֹת Ezra 10:29 Qr (Kt ירמות) v. יְרֵימוֹת 5 c, p. 438.

רָמָתַיִם

n.pr.loc. הָר׳ I Samuel 1:1, v. ii. רָמָה 2.

רוּן

vb. overcome (cf. Arabic رَانَ (ى), c. على or ب pers., overcome, e.g. of wine);—assumed in Heb. by Thes (after 𝔊) and most mod. to explain Hithpōʿ. Pt. כְּגִבּוֹר מִמְרוֹנֵן מִיָּ֑יִן Psalms 78:65 like a hero overcome by wine (cf. ‖ v a); AV RV De Che al. shout (√ רנן), cf. 𝔗; so Hup-Now, with altern. conj. מִתְעוֹרֵר, and this sense more suitable (cf. Luzzatto ^{Il Pentateuco iii (1874), 162 (Lv 21, 7)} Perles ⁷⁹).—Proverbs 29:6 v. רנן, רוץ.

רֵעַ

n.verb. shouting, roar, but dub.;—קוֹל הָעָם בְּרֵעֹה֯ Exodus 32:17 (E) sound of the people as they shouted (read Inf. cstr. בָּרִעֹה for בְּהָרִיעוֹ cf. √ 5); יַגִּיד עָלָיו רֵע֑וֹ Job 36:33 the roar thereof telleth of him (< רַעְמוֹ his thunder, so Bu); לָמָּה תָרִיעִי רֵעַ Micah 4:9 why criest thou out with a crying? (butv. √ 6). ii, iii. רֵעַ v. ii, iii. רעה; רַע, רֹעַ v. דעע.

רוּץ

vb. run (NH id. (rare); Ethiopic ሮጸ Zinj. Pf. 1 s. רצת; = Aramaic רְהַט; ܪܗܰܛ (W^{SG 47}); cf. Assyrian râṣu, be helpful (i.e. run to help?));—

Pf. 3 ms. רָץ Genesis 18:7; 2 ms. רַצְתָּה Jeremiah 12:5, etc.; Impf. יָרוּץ Habakkuk 2:2 +, יָרֻץ Job 16:14, וַיָּ֫רָץ Genesis 18:2 +, וַיָּרֹ֑ץ II Samuel 18:21; 1 s. sf. ארוצם Jeremiah 50:44 Kt (but < Qr Hiph., v. infr.), etc. [v. also רצץ]; Imv. ms. רוּץ II Samuel 18:23 II Kings 4:26, רֻץ I Samuel 20:36 Zechariah 2:8; Inf. cstr. לָרוּץ I Samuel 20:6 +; Pt. רָץ II Samuel 18:22 +, pl. רָצִים I Samuel 22:17 +, רָצִין II Kings 11:13 (Ges^{§ 87 e});—

run, c. אֶל loc. Genesis 18:7; Genesis 24:20 (both J), Numbers 17:12 (P), אֶל pers. Genesis 24:29 (J; + ה loc.), I Samuel 3:5; Isaiah 55:5 (fig.), with hostility, against, Job 15:26 (fig.), so goat against ram Daniel 8:6, עַלִ pers., against Job 16:14; ה loc. also Joshua 7:22, לְבֵיתוֹ Haggai 1:9, לָרַע Isaiah 59:7; Proverbs 1:16; acc. loc. I Samuel 20:6; I Samuel 17:22, I Samuel 17:48 (+ לִקְרַאת); ב loc. on (ב II. 2), of horses Amos 6:12, locusts Joel 2:9; into Proverbs 18:10 (fig.); מִן loc. I Samuel 4:12, so MT II Kings 23:12 (= he went quickly thence, but text perhaps corrupt, v. Kit Benz, and cf.> Hiph. infr.); אַחֲרֵי pers. II Samuel 18:22; I Kings 19:20; II Kings 5:20, II Kings 5:21; Song of Songs 1:4, עַד pers. II Kings 4:22; לִפְנֵי pers. II Samuel 15:1; I Kings 1:5 (both of royal escort, 2), I Kings 18:46 (+ עַד loc.), לִפְנֵי rei I Samuel 8:11; אֵת pers. accomp. Jeremiah 12:5; c. acc. of way, אֹרַח Psalms 19:6, דֶּרֶךְ II Samuel 18:23; Psalms 119:132 (fig.); as prelim., + inf. לִקְרַאת run to meet Genesis 18:2; Genesis 24:17; Genesis 29:13; Genesis 33:4 (all J), II Kings 4:26; Jeremiah 51:31 + vb. fin. Genesis 24:28; Genesis 29:12 (both J), Numbers 11:27; Joshua 8:19 (both JE), Judges 7:21; Judges 13:10; I Samuel 10:23; I Samuel 17:51; II Samuel 18:19; Psalms 59:5; as imv. + imv. I Samuel 20:36; Zechariah 2:8; abs. I Samuel 20:36; Isaiah 40:31; II Chronicles 23:12 (v. 2 a), Proverbs 4:12; Proverbs 6:18 (of feet), of locusts Joel 2:4, Joel 2:7; specif., run as messenger II Samuel 18:21, II Samuel 18:22, II Samuel 18:23^(×2), II Samuel 18:24, II Samuel 18:26^(×2), fig. of prophet’s activity Jeremiah 23:21, of י׳’s word Psalms 147:15; fig. of reading smoothly, יָרוּץ קוֹרֵא בוֹ Habakkuk 2:2.—Psalms 18:30 = II Samuel 22:30 read אָרֹץ (for אָרֻץ, אָרוּץ), √ רצץ Ew Ol Che Bae al.

Pt. as subst.:

pl. הָרָצִים the runners (proposes 3, as royal escort, cf. vb. II Samuel 15:1; I Kings 1:5; then) of royal body-guard I Samuel 22:17; I Kings 14:27, I Kings 14:28^(×2) = II Chronicles 12:10, II Chronicles 12:11^(×2); II Kings 10:25^(×2); II Kings 11:4, II Kings 11:6, II Kings 11:11, II Kings 11:19^(×2).—(הָעָם) הָרָצִין vII Kings 11:13 is gloss (Kit Benz; whence [easier] הָעָם הָרָצִים II Chronicles 23:12 v. 1).—Proverbs 29:6 for יָרֻן Pinsk Toy favour יָרוּץ.

runner = (royal messenger, post, late), רָץ Jeremiah 51:31^(×2) (‖ מַגִּיד), cf. Job 9:25 (as swift); הָרָצִים II Chronicles 30:6, II Chronicles 30:10; Esther 3:13, Esther 3:15, riders הָר׳ בַּסּוּסִים Esther 8:10, הָר׳ רֹכְבֵי הָרֶכֶשׁ vEsther 3:14. Pōʿlēl Impf. 3 mpl. יְרוֹצֵ֑צוּ Nahum 2:5 they run swiftly, dart (like lightning; of chariots).

cause to run:

bring, or move, quickly, Impf. 3 mpl. sf. וַיְרִיצֻהוּ, מִן loc. Genesis 41:14 (E), read perhaps also 3 ms. וַיָּרֶץ II Kings 23:12 (acc. om.; for MT וַיָּרָץ v. Qal); ל pers., acc. rei om. וַיָּרִיצוּ II Chronicles 35:13; Imv. ms. הָרֵץ I Samuel 17:17 (+ acc. loc., ל pers.); Impf. 3 fs. תָּרִיץ יָדָיו Psalms 68:32 quickly stretch out hands, לֵאלֹהִים (viz. with offerings).

c. מֵעַל = drive away from, 1 s., sf. 3 ms., אֲרִיצֶנּוּ Jeremiah 49:19, so read prob. also in ‖ Jeremiah 50:44 (Qr אֲרִיצֵם, > Kt ארוצם).

רוּשׁ

vb. be in want, poor (related to ירשׁ [cf.

3,

3

רִישׁ

n.m. poverty, only Pr;—רִישׁ Proverbs 28:19, sf. רִישׁוֹ Proverbs 31:7; רֵישׁ Proverbs 13:18, sf. רֵישֶׁ֑ךָ Proverbs 24:34 (‖ מַחְסֹרֶיךָ), רֵישָׁם Proverbs 10:15 (opp. עָשִׁיר); רֵאשׁ Proverbs 30:8 (opp. עֹשֶׁר), sf. רֵאשֶׁ֑ךָ Proverbs 6:11 (= Proverbs 24:34, ‖ id.).

רוּת

n.pr.f. v. sub רעה.

רָזָה

vb. be or grow lean (Arabic رَذِىَ grow thin and weak);—

Pf. 3 ms. רָזָה Zephaniah 2:11 obj. false gods, appar. make lean (𝔙 attenuavit; 𝔊 is ἑξολεθρεύσει), but sense strange, < רִזָה (v. Arabic supr.), yet even this very doubtful.

be made lean, Impf. 3 ms. מִשְׁמַן בְּשָׂרוֹ יֵרָוֶה Isaiah 17:4.

רָזֶה

adj. lean (on formation cf. Lag^{BN 49});—fs. רָזָה, Ezekiel 34:20 (of שֶׂה; opp. בִּרְיָה), of land, = barren, Numbers 13:20 (JE; opp. שְׁמֵנָה).

רָזִי

n.[m.] leanness, wasting;—רָזִי־לִי Isaiah 24:16^(×2) to me, wasting! (opp. צְבִי).

רָזוֹן

n.[m.] leanness, wasting, scantness;—abs. ר׳:

leanness Isaiah 10:16 (fig.; opp. מִשְׁמַנָּיו).

wasting, i.e. wasting disease, Psalms 106:15 (cf. Bae).

אֵיפַת ר׳ Micah 6:10 ephah of scantness, scant measure.—ii. רָזוֹן v. רזן.

רָזִי²

רָזוֹן²

n.m. potentate;—abs. ר׳ Proverbs 14:28 (‖ מֶלֶךְ).—1. רָווֹן v. sub. רזה supr.

רְזוֹן

n. pr. m. founder of kingdom of Damascus, Solomon’s time, I Kings 11:23; 𝔊 (v I Kings 11:14) Εσρωμ [A v I Kings 11:23 Ραζων]; indentified with חֶזְיוֹן I Kings 15:18 by Th Klo (reading חזרון), but cf. Kit Benz.

רָחַב

[? also רָחֹב, so Lag^{BN 31}; cf. also Id. ^{ib. 52 f.}] vb. be, or grow, wide, large (NH in der. spec. (rare) and deriv.; Arabic رَحُبَ / رَحِبَ, Ethiopic ርሕበ: Sab. in epith. dei Fell^{ZMG liv (1900), 249}, and n.pr. CIS^{iv. no. 1, 3} etc.; Assyrian in rêbitu, open place; Aramaic רְחַב in deriv.);—Qal Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ פִּי I Samuel 2:1, + עַל against (i.e. to devour, in fig.; cf. Hiph.); consec. וּפָחַד וְר׳ לְבָבֵךְ Isaiah 60:5 be widened, enlarged, relieved, and expanded with joy (cf. Hiph. 2); 3 fs. וְרָֽחֲבָה וְנָֽסְבָה Ezekiel 41:7 prob. error, Co רָחְבָּהּ וְנוֹסָפָה, Toy וְהָרֹחַב נוֹסַף, Krae וְיָֽסְפוּ רָֽחֲבוּ [וְ?]. Niph. Pt. as adj. כַּר נִרְחָב Isaiah 30:23 a broad, roomy, pasture. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִרְחִיב Genesis 26:22; Habakkuk 2:5, הִרְחִ֑ב Isaiah 30:33; 2 ms. הִרְחַבְתָּ Psalms 4:2, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַרְחִיב Deuteronomy 12:20 +, etc.; Imv. ms. הַרְחֶב־ Psalms 81:11 (cf. also Psalms 25:17 infr.); fs. הַרְחִיבִי Isaiah 54:2, הַרְחִבִי Micah 1:16; Inf. cstr. הַרְחִיב Amos 1:13; Pt. מַרְחִיב Deuteronomy 33:20;—

make large, c. acc. baldness Micah 1:16 (sign of mourning), fun. pile Isaiah 30:33 (acc. om.; + הֶעְמִיק); make wide, acc. couch Isaiah 57:8 (fig.).

enlarge limit of territory (גְּבוּל) Amos 1:13; Exodus 34:24 (J), Deuteronomy 12:20; Deuteronomy 19:8, so מַר׳ נָּ֑ד Deuteronomy 33:20, cf. הַר׳ מְקוֹם אָהֳלֵךְ Isaiah 54:2 (fig.); also abs. + ל pers., הִר׳ י׳ לָנוּ Genesis 26:22 (J), and (fig. of deliverance), בַּצָּר הִר׳ לִי Psalms 4:2; מַתַּן אָדָם יַר׳ לוֹ Proverbs 18:16 a man’s gift makes room for him, gives access to patron; of י׳’s enlarging the heart (לִבִּי) Psalms 119:32 (cf. Qal); צָרוֹת לְבָבִי הִרְחִיבוּ מ׳ Psalms 25:17 read prob. (with most) Imv. הַרְחֵ(י)ב ומ׳ (Bae הִרְהִיבוּ, alarm, cf. Song of Songs 6:5); c. acc. צַעֲדִי my step, stride Psalms 18:37 = II Samuel 22:37 (i.e. givest me firm footing and vigorous step, cf. צַעַד 2); enlarge mouth, open it wide, c. עַל pers. against Isaiah 57:4 Psalms 35:21 (cf. Qal); without עַל, as a young bird to receive food, fig., Psalms 81:11; הִר׳ שְׁאוֹל נַפְשָׁהּ Isaiah 5:14 (‖ פָּֽעֲרָה פִיהָ; נֶפֶשׁ 5 c), cf. Habakkuk 2:5.

רַ֫חַב

n.[m. not f. Job 36:16 Albr^{ZAW xvl (1896), 94} Di Bu] breadth, broad expanse;—abs. ר׳ Job 36:16 (opp. צָ֑ר); pl. cstr. intens. רַחֲבֵי־אָ֑רֶץ Job 38:18 the broad expanse of earth.

רֹ֫חַב

n.[m.] breadth, width;—ר׳ abs. Ezekiel 42:2 +, cstr. I Kings 6:3 +; sf. רָחְבּוֹ Exodus 25:10 +, -בָּהּ Genesis 6:15 +, רָחְבָּן Ezekiel 42:11;—breadth, of land, + אֹרֶךְ = whole extent, expanse, Genesis 13:17 (J), so ר׳ alone Isaiah 8:8; ר׳ מַיִם Job 37:10; fig. ר׳ לֵב largeness of understanding (like sand of sea-shore) I Kings 5:9; breadth, = thickness, of wall גֶּדֶר Ezekiel 42:10; elsewhere only in measurements width, breadth (Deuteronomy 3:11, K 10 times, Ez 54 times, Zechariah 2:6; Zechariah 5:2, P 23 times, Ch 6 times; ‖ אֹרֶךְ I Kings 7:6 + 63 times, + קוֹמָה I Kings 6:2 + 14 times, + גֹּבַהּ † Ezekiel 40:42; II Chronicles 3:4; ‖ קוֹמָה alone † I Kings 7:27; Ezekiel 40:5): of buildings, etc., I Kings 6:2, I Kings 6:3^(×2), I Kings 6:6^(×3) +, Ezekiel 41:1^(×3), Ezekiel 41:5, Ezekiel 41:7 +, altar Exodus 27:1 = Exodus 38:1, ark, תֵּבָה, Genesis 6:15, אָרוֹן Exodus 25:10 = Exodus 37:1, etc.; of area, the עֶרֶשׂ of Og Deuteronomy 3:11, the תְּרוּמָה of land Ezekiel 45:1, Ezekiel 45:3, Ezekiel 45:5, Ezekiel 45:6 +, of court Exodus 27:12, Exodus 27:13, Exodus 27:18; of city Zechariah 2:6; of roll Zechariah 5:2; of curtain Exodus 26:2, Exodus 26:8 +, etc.; of wall (קִיד), = thickness, Ezekiel 41:9, Ezekiel 41:12 (cf. Ezekiel 42:10 supr.); of doorway Ezekiel 40:11; Ezekiel 41:2, Ezekiel 41:3, etc.

רָחָב

adj. wide, broad;—abs. ר׳ Job 30:14; cstr. רְחַב Proverbs 21:4 +; fs. רְחָבָה Exodus 3:8 +; cstr. רַחֲבַת Genesis 34:21 +; mpl. cstr. רַחֲבֵי Isaiah 33:21;—wide, broad, spacious, of land Exodus 3:8 (J), Nehemiah 9:35, רַחֲבַת יָדַיִם, etc., Genesis 34:21 + 6 times, v. יָד 3 d; ר׳ מִנִּי־יָם Job 11:9 (of greatness of God, ‖ אֲרֻכָּה מֵאֶרֶץ); בָּֽרְחָבָה as subst. Psalms 119:45 in a wide, roomy, space (fig.); פֶּרֶץ ר׳ Job 30:14 (sim.); of cup Ezekiel 23:32 (in fig.; + הָעֲמֻקָּה); of wall (= thick) Jeremiah 51:58; specif., in Jerusalem (as n.pr.) הַחוֹמָה הָֽר׳ Nehemiah 3:8; Nehemiah 12:38; fig. extensive, of work, undertaking, מְלָאכָה, Nehemiah 4:13 (+ הַרְבֵּה); of י׳’s commandment Psalms 119:96 (i.e. unlimited, measureless); רְחַב לֵבָב Psalms 101:5 i.e. exultant, arrogant (‖ גְּבַהּ־עֵינַיִם), so ר׳ לֵב Proverbs 21:4 (‖ רוּם־ע׳); רְחַב נֶפֶשׁ Proverbs 28:25 i.e. greedy (cf. רחב אולת Ecclus Ben Sira 47:23, in play on רְחַבְעָם).

רָחָב²

n.pr.f. harlot in Jericho;—Joshua 2:1, Joshua 2:3; Joshua 6:17, Joshua 6:23, Joshua 6:25 (all JE); Ρααβ (so Heb 3:11; Jas 2:25, but Mt 1:5 Ραχαβ).

רְחוֹב

n.f. ^{Daniel 9:25} [not m. Zechariah 8:5 Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 51} cf. Ges^{§ 145 p, t, u}] broad open place, plaza (Lag^{BN 178} Ba^{NB 142});—ר׳ abs. Genesis 19:2 +, cstr. Judges 19:17 +, רְחֹב v Judges 19:15; II Samuel 21:12; sf. רְחֹבָהּ Deuteronomy 13:17 Psalms 55:12; pl. abs. רְחֹבוֹת Amos 5:16 +, cstr. id. Zechariah 8:4 + (v. also רְחֹבוֹת n.pr., infr.); sf. רְחֹבֹתֶיהָ Isaiah 15:3 +, etc.;—broad open place in city (usually near gate, Nehemiah 8:1, Nehemiah 8:3, Nehemiah 8:16^(×2); II Chronicles 32:6; Job 29:7; ‖ חוּץ Jeremiah 5:1 + 8 times, דֶּרֶךְ Proverbs 26:13, שְׁוָקִים Song of Songs 3:2), for various private and public uses Genesis 19:2 (J), Judges 19:15, Judges 19:17, Judges 19:20; Deuteronomy 13:17; II Samuel 21:12; Jeremiah 5:1; Ezekiel 16:24, Ezekiel 16:31; Nehemiah 8:16^(×2); Isaiah 59:14 Psalms 55:12; Job 29:7, essential part of city Daniel 9:25; for lamentations Amos 5:16; Isaiah 15:3; Jeremiah 48:38, ר׳ הָעִיר אֲשֶׁר לִפְנֵי שַׁעַר הַמֶּלֶךְ Esther 4:6 (cf. v Esther 4:1), cf. Jeremiah 9:20; Jeremiah 49:26; Jeremiah 50:30; Lamentations 2:11, Lamentations 2:12, Psalms 144:14, assemblies II Chronicles 29:4; II Chronicles 32:6; Ezra 10:9 (ר׳ בֵּית הָא׳), Nehemiah 8:1, Nehemiah 8:3, proclamations Esther 6:9, Esther 6:11, speeches Proverbs 1:20; social life Zechariah 8:4, Zechariah 8:5^(×2); Lamentations 4:18; Proverbs 5:16; Proverbs 7:12, cf. Proverbs 22:13; Proverbs 26:13, Song of Songs 3:2; ר׳ in Nahum 2:5 is appar. outside city (cf. Assyrian rêbit Ninâ, etc.).

רְחוֹב²

n.pr. Πααβ, Ποωβ, etc.:

(cf. Lag^{BN 56 f.}) loc.:

towards Hamath, רְחוֹב II Samuel 10:8 (𝔊L Βαιθρααβ), רְחֹב Numbers 13:21 (P); = בֵּית ר׳ q.v. p. 112 (also 𝔊 I Samuel 14:47 Βαιθεωρ, 𝔊L Βαιθροωβι).

רְחֹב in Asher: (1) Joshua 19:28 (P); (2) [perhaps = (1)], v Joshua 19:30 (P), Judges 1:31, Levit. city Joshua 21:31 (P) = I Chronicles 6:60; Egypt. Raḥubu, N. of Kishon, WMM^{As. u. Eur. 153}.

m.:

Aramaic name, רְחֹב II Samuel 8:3, II Samuel 8:12.

post-exilic Levite, רְחוֹב Nehemiah 10:12.

רְחֹבוֹת

n. pr. loc.

רְחֹבֹת עִיר near Nineveh Genesis 10:11 (J), τῆν Ροωβως[θ] πόλιν; Dl^{Pa 261} cf. Assyrian rêbit Ninâ, but v. COT Genesis 10:11.

רְחֹבוֹת, name of well Genesis 26:22 (J), Εὐρυχωρία (cf. interpr. v Genesis 26:22); Palmer ^{Desert 296 f.} identif. with er-Ruḥaibeh (in Wady R.) c. 45 m. SW. of Hebron, N. of lat. 31°.

ר׳ הַנָּהָר, home of a king of Edom Genesis 36:37 (P) = I Chronicles 1:48, Ροωβωθ τῆς παρὰ ποταμόν, Ρ. τοῦ ποταμοῦ (i.e. on Euphrates? here improb.; conj. in Di Holz Wkl^{Gesch. Isr. i. 192}).

רְחַבְעָם

n.pr.m. Rehoboam (word-play on רחב Ecclus Ben Sira 47:23);—king of Judah, son of Solomon; Ροβοαμ: I Kings 11:43; I Kings 12:1, I Kings 12:3, I Kings 12:6 + 16 times I Kings 12, I Kings 14, + I Kings 15:6 ‖ II Chronicles 9:31; II Chronicles 10:1, II Chronicles 10:3, II Chronicles 10:6 + 21 times II Chronicles 10, II Chronicles 11, II Chronicles 12, + II Chronicles 13:7^(×2); also I Chronicles 3:10.

רֵחֶה

n.[m.], only du. רֵחַיִם (hand-)mill (prob. = 8);—ר׳ abs., common household utensil, turned by maids, Exodus 11:5 (הָרֵחָ֑יִם; J), female slaves Isaiah 47:2 (c. טָחַן, q.v.); טָחַן בָּר׳ Numbers 11:8 (J); ר׳ וָרָ֑כֶב Deuteronomy 24:6 (v. רכב); קוֹל ר׳ as sound of family life Jeremiah 25:10.

רֵחַיִם

רָחֵל

n.f. ^{Isaiah 53:7} ewe;—abs. ר׳ Isaiah 53:7; (in sim., ‖ שֶׂה); pl. רְחֵלִים Genesis 32:15 (E; + עִזִּים, אֵילִים), Song of Songs 6:6 (in sim.); sf. רְחֵלֶיךָ וְעִזֶּיךָ Genesis 31:38 (E).

רָחֵל²

n. pr. f. (ewe, RS^{K 219});—Rachel, Ραχηλ, daughter of Laban and wife of Jacob: Genesis 29:6, Genesis 29:9, Genesis 29:10, Genesis 29:11, Genesis 29:28, Genesis 29:29, Genesis 29:30 + 36 times Gn (JE 37 times, P 6 times), + קְבֻרַת(־)ר׳ Genesis 35:20 (JE), I Samuel 10:2 (cf. אֶפְרָתָה 1, p. 68; on site vid. Dr^{Hast.DB. Rachel}); ר׳ (in fig.) Jeremiah 31:15; ר׳ Ruth 4:11 (in sim.).

רֶ֫חֶם

n.m. ^{Hosea 9:14} womb (f. Jeremiah 20:17, unless הֲרַת a noun, cf. Albr^{ZAW xvi. 81} SS);—abs. ר׳ Genesis 20:18 +, רַ֫חַם Judges 5:30, רָ֑חֶם Jeremiah 20:17 +, רָ֑חַם Genesis 49:25 +; cstr. רֶ֫חֶם Numbers 12:12 Job 3:11; sf. רַחְמָהּ Genesis 29:31 +, רַחְמָהֿ Jeremiah 20:17 (Ges^{§ 91e}; >f. abs. Kö^{ii. 1, 159}); du. רַחֲמָתַיִם Judges 5:30;—

womb, Genesis 49:25 (J) Jeremiah 20:17; Job 24:20; מֵרחם i.e. from birth Jeremiah 20:17 Psalms 22:11; Psalms 58:4; Job 3:11 (מִנִּי), Isaiah 46:3, fig. Psalms 110:3; בָּרֶחֶם Job 31:15; יצא מֵר׳ go forth from womb in birth Jeremiah 1:5; Jeremiah 20:18 Job 38:8, cf. Job 10:18; מֵר׳ אֵם Numbers 12:12 (E); פתח ר׳ open the womb, in order to childbirth Genesis 29:31; Genesis 30:22 (JE); כָּל־פֶּטֶר רחם all that first opens womb (of men and animals) Exodus 13:12, Exodus 13:15; Exodus 34:19 (J) Numbers 18:15 (P) Ezekiel 20:26; פטר ר׳ Numbers 3:12 (P), פִּטְרַת כל ר׳ Numbers 8:16; פטר כל ר׳ Exodus 13:2 (P); on the other hand, ר׳ מַשְׁכִּיל Hosea 9:14 miscarrying womb; עֹצֶר ר׳ Proverbs 30:16 restraint (i.e. barrenness) of womb (so Psalms 107:36 Perles^{Anal. 85}); עָצַר בְּעַד ר׳ (of God) Genesis 20:18 (E); סָגַר (בְּעַר) ר׳ I Samuel 1:5, I Samuel 1:6, preventing childbirth.

womb-man, woman-slave: רַחַם רַחֲמָהַיִם Judges 5:30 a woman, two women.

רַחֲמִים

n.m. ^{II Samuel 24:14} abs.pl.intens. compassion (according to many denom. from רֶחֶם, orig. brotherhood, brotherly feeling, of those born from same womb, v. Nö^{ZMG xl (1886), 151 (yet v. 152)} We^{GGN 1893, 475} Gerber ¹²⁶, or motherly feeling Kö^{ii. 1, 34});—abs. ר׳ Genesis 43:14 +; cstr. רַחֲמֵי Proverbs 12:10; sf. רַחֲמָיו Lamentations 3:22 (Baer Gi; van d. H. Qr, Kt רחמו), II Samuel 24:14 Qr (> Kt רחמו), etc.;—

compassion: usually of God Isaiah 63:7, Isaiah 63:15 Psalms 77:10; Psalms 79:8; Psalms 119:77; Zechariah 1:16 Daniel 9:9 Nehemiah 9:28; c. רבים II Samuel 24:14 = I Chronicles 21:13; Nehemiah 9:19, Nehemiah 9:27, Nehemiah 9:31 Psalms 119:156; Daniel 9:18; גדולים Isaiah 54:7; ‖ חסד Psalms 40:12; Psalms 103:4; Hosea 2:21; Jeremiah 16:5; חסדים Psalms 25:6; כרֹב רחמיךָ Psalms 51:3; Psalms 69:17; c. על rei Psalms 145:9; נתן ר׳ ל Deuteronomy 13:18; Jeremiah 42:12; לא כָלוּ ר׳ Lamentations 3:22.

of man, Amos 1:11; Proverbs 12:10; עשׂה ר׳ Zechariah 7:9; נָתַן לפ׳ ר׳ לִפְנֵי Genesis 43:14 (R); נתן פ׳ לר׳ לִפְנֵי I Kings 8:50; Nehemiah 1:11; Daniel 1:9 Psalms 106:46, cf. II Chronicles 30:9; שׂם ר׳ ל Isaiah 47:6; נִכְמְרוּ ר׳ אל Genesis 43:30 (J), c. על I Kings 3:26.

רָחַם

vb.denom. love Pi. have compassion;—

Impf. 1 s. sf. אֶרְחָֽמְךָ Psalms 18:2 I love thee (perhaps gloss; v. not in ‖ II Samuel 22:2; Hi Ch SS Gerber read אֲרֹמִמְךָ).

Pf. 3 ms. רִחַם Psalms 103:13 +; sf. וְרִחַמְךָ consec. Deuteronomy 13:18, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְרַחֵם Isaiah 9:16 +; sf. יְרַחֲמֵהוּ Isaiah 55:7, etc.; Inf. abs. רַחֵם Jeremiah 31:20; Habakkuk 3:2; cstr. רַחֵם Isaiah 49:15 Psalms 103:13; sf. רַחֶמְכֶם Isaiah 30:18; Pt. מְרַחֵם Psalms 116:5, etc.;—have compassion, be compassionate;—

usually of God: c. acc. of his people, Exodus 33:19^(×2) (J) Deuteronomy 13:18; Deuteronomy 30:3; II Kings 13:23; Isaiah 9:16; Isaiah 14:1; Isaiah 27:11; Isaiah 30:18; Isaiah 49:10, Isaiah 49:13; Isaiah 54:8, Isaiah 54:10; Isaiah 55:7; Isaiah 60:10; Jeremiah 12:15; Jeremiah 30:18; Jeremiah 31:20^(×2); Jeremiah 33:26; Ezekiel 39:25; Hosea 1:6, Hosea 1:7; Hosea 2:6, Hosea 2:25; Micah 7:19; Zechariah 1:12; Zechariah 10:6 Psalms 102:14; c. עַל Psalms 103:13; abs. Jeremiah 13:14; Habakkuk 3:2 Psalms 116:5 Lamentations 3:32.

of man, usually a conqueror: c. acc. I Kings 8:50; Jeremiah 42:12; abs. Jeremiah 6:23; Jeremiah 21:7; Jeremiah 50:42; elsewhere of children, c. acc. Isaiah 13:18; Isaiah 49:15; c. עַל Psalms 103:13.

Pf. 3 fs. רֻחָ֑מָה Hosea 2:3, Hosea 2:25 (Ges^{§ 152 a. n.} Kö^{i, 270});—Impf. 3 ms. יְרֻחַם Hosea 14:4; יְרֻחָ֑ם Proverbs 28:13; be shewn compassion, compassionated: of orphans Hosea 14:4; children, of Israel wife of Yahweh Hosea 2:3, Hosea 2:25 (cf. לא־ר׳ Hosea 1:6, Hosea 1:8, p. 520); penitent sinner Proverbs 28:13.

רַחוּם

adj. compassionate; usually of God: אֵל רַחוּם Deuteronomy 4:31, ר׳ וְחַנּוּן Exodus 34:6 (J) = Psalms 86:15; Psalms 103:8; later חַנּוּן ור׳ II Chronicles 30:9; Nehemiah 9:17, Nehemiah 9:31; Joel 2:13; Jonah 4:2 Psalms 111:4; Psalms 145:8; והוא ר׳ Psalms 78:38. Once of man Psalms 112:4.

רַ֫חַם

n.pr.m. (girl(-like)?);—in Judah, I Chronicles 2:44; Ραμεε, A Ραεμ῾, 𝔊L Ρααμ.

רֻחָ֫מָה

in לֹא ר׳ n.pr.f., v. p. 520.

רְחוּם

n. pr. m. (compassion, or softness, gentleness?);—post-exilic name:

with Zerub.:

רְחוּם Ezra 2:2, A Ιρεουμʼ, 𝔊L Ναουμ (= נְחוּם ‖ Nehemiah 7:7).

priest, רְחֻם Nehemiah 12:3 Ρεουμ (= חָרִם v Nehemiah 12:15, cf. Nehemiah 7:41 = Ezra 2:39, Ezra 10:21, v. חָרִם 3a).

רְחוּם, with Neh.:

Levite Nehemiah 3:17, Βασουθ, א A 𝔊L Ραουμ.

Nehemiah 10:26, Ρα[ε]ουμ.

רָחַץ

vb. wash, wash off, away, bathe (NH = BH; Arabic رَحَضَ (also of garments); Ethiopic ርሕፀ:, ረሐፀ:, sweat; cf. Assyrian raḫâṣu, overflow, flood (on ḫ = ح v. Nö^{ZMG xi (1886), 727}));—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Isaiah 4:4 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְחַץ Deuteronomy 23:12 + etc.; Imv. ms. רְחַץ II Samuel 11:8; II Kings 5:13; mpl. רַחֲצוּ Genesis 18:4 +; Inf. cstr. רְחֹץ Genesis 24:32 +, לְרָחְצָה Exodus 30:18 +; Pt. fs. רֹחֶ֫צֶת II Samuel 11:2, fpl. רֹחֲצוֹת Song of Songs 5:12;—

trans. wash (with water), c. acc. feet (רגלים; בַּמַּיִם often expr.), Genesis 18:4; Genesis 19:2; Genesis 24:32; Genesis 43:24 (all J), Judges 19:21; I Samuel 25:41; II Samuel 11:8; Song of Songs 5:3; יִר׳ פְּעָמָיו בְּדַם הָרָשָׁע Psalms 58:11 (fig. of righteous, at י׳’s vengeance); c. acc. hands (יָדַיִם) Deuteronomy 21:6 (+ עַל over, in ceremonial, to express innocence), hence fig. אֶר׳ כַּפַּי בְּנִקָּיוֹן Psalms 26:6; Psalms 73:13; hands and feet Exodus 30:19 (+ מִן of laver), v Exodus 30:21; Exodus 40:31 (+ מִן id.; all P); c. acc. face (פָּנָיו) Genesis 43:31 (J); c. acc. pers. Ezekiel 16:9; Exodus 29:4; Exodus 40:12; Leviticus 8:6 (all P), acc. בְּשָׂרוֹ (often ‖ כבּס of garments), Leviticus 14:9; Leviticus 15:13 + 9 times P (H); c. acc. of parts of sacrificial victim Exodus 29:17; Leviticus 1:9, Leviticus 1:13; Leviticus 8:21; Leviticus 9:14; wash off, away, c. acc. of filth Isaiah 4:4 (fig.).

intrans. wash, bathe (oneself): Exodus 2:5 (E), II Samuel 11:2; II Samuel 12:20 I Kings 22:38; II Kings 5:10, II Kings 5:12, II Kings 5:13; Isaiah 1:16; Ezekiel 23:40 (+ ל pers. of whom), Ruth 3:3; Leviticus 14:8 + 14 times P (often ‖ כבּס); + ב of laver II Chronicles 4:6^(×2); of eyes, bathed in milk (בֶּחָלָב) Song of Songs 5:12 (fig.); Job 29:6 (fig.), v. הָלִיךְ.

Pf. 3 ms. רֻחָ֑ץ Proverbs 30:12 be washed (+ מִן of filth, fig.); 2 fs. בְּמַיִם לֹא רֻחַצְתְּ Ezekiel 16:4 (in fig.).

Pf. 1 s. הִתְרָחַצְתִּי במו שׁלג Job 9:30 if I washed myself in snow (fig.).

רָחַק

vb. be, or become, far, distant (NH = BH; Assyrian especially adj. rûḳu, far; cf. Arabic رَحِيقٌ choice wine (i.e. from a distance) Frä ¹⁵⁸; Ethiopic ርሕቀ: be far, Sab. רחק CIS^{iv, nos. 95, 98}; Aramaic רְחֵיק, רְחַק, and (often in der. spec. and deriv.) ܪܚܶܩ );—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Isaiah 59:9; Lamentations 1:16, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְחַק Deuteronomy 12:21 +, etc.; Imv. fs. רַחֲקִי Isaiah 54:14, mpl. רַחֲקוּ Ezekiel 11:15 < Pf. רָֽחֲקוּ Ra Hi Sm Co Toy Krae; Inf. cstr. רְחֹק Psalms 103:12 Ecclesiastes 3:5, לְרָֽחֳקָה Ezekiel 8:6;—be far, distant: c. מִן pers., of place Deuteronomy 12:21; Deuteronomy 14:24, of pers., = neglect, abandon, Proverbs 19:7; Job 30:10; in ψψ, of י׳, Psalms 22:12, Psalms 22:20 (מִן pers. om), Psalms 35:22; Psalms 38:22; Psalms 71:12; of utter absence, or non-existence Lamentations 1:16, cf. Isaiah 49:19 (abs.), subj. justice Isaiah 59:9 (opp. הִשִּׂיג), cf. v Isaiah 59:11 (‖ אַיִן), subj. blessing Psalms 109:17; subj. עֲצַת רְשָׁעִים Job 21:16; Job 22:18; c. מֵעַל pers. (י׳), of Isr. (fig.) Jeremiah 2:5, cf. Ezekiel 44:10; = far from (land of) י׳ Ezekiel 11:15 (v. supr.; Krae ins. אֶרֶץ); c. מֵעַל loc. Ezekiel 8:6 (of י׳), מִן loc. (E. from W.) Psalms 103:12; c. מִן rei (fig.): תּוֹרָֽתְךָ Psalms 119:150 (opp. קרב); מִיֶּשַׁע Job 5:4, מִעשֶׁק Isaiah 54:14, cf. Proverbs 22:5; = wholly abstain from Exodus 23:7 (E), so (מן inf.) Ecclesiastes 3:5; abs. of י׳’s righteousness, with ref. to time Isaiah 46:13 (‖ אחר; opp. קרב).—יִרְחַק־חֹק Micah 7:11 boundary shall become distant, i.e. territory be enlarged (? crpt., cf. We Now); ירחק חֶבֶל הַכֶּסֶף Kt Ecclesiastes 12:6 be removed? Qr יֵרָתֵק be joined? 𝔊 ἀνατραπῇ, 𝔙 rumpatur, cf. 𝔖, read prob. יִנָּתֵק Pfannk Thes Ew De Siegf Buhl^Lex.

Pf. 3 ms. רִחַק Isaiah 6:12, of י׳, send far away, acc. pers.; of people, לִבּוֹ ר׳ Isaiah 29:13, c. מִן of י׳; 2 ms. רִחַקְתָּ Isaiah 26:15 thou hast far extended (c. acc.) all the ends (boundaries) of the land; Impf. 3 mpl. יְרַחֲקוּ אֶת־זְנוּתָם Ezekiel 43:9.

Pf. 3 ms. הִרִחִיק Job 19:13 Psalms 103:12, 1 s. sf. הִרְחַקְתִּים Ezekiel 11:16, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַרְהִיקֶנָּה Proverbs 22:15, 2 ms. תַּרְהִיק Job 22:23, etc.; Imv. ms. הַרְהֵק Proverbs 4:24 + 2 times, הַרְחַ֑ק Job 13:21, sf. הַרְחִיקֵהוּ Job 11:14; Inf. abs. הַרְחֵק Genesis 21:16 +, cstr. הַרְחִיק Jeremiah 27:10, sf. הַרְחִיקָם Joel 4:6;—

dir. caus. make, or exhibit, distance, be gone far, subj. pers.: Genesis 44:4 (J), c. מִן loc. Joshua 8:4 (JE), Judges 18:22; sq. inf. cstr. הַרְחֵק לֹא תַר׳ לָלֶכֶת Exodus 8:24 (J), cf. Psalms 55:8; Inf. abs. as adv. = at a distance Genesis 21:16 (E), c. מִן loc. Exodus 33:7 (E), Joshua 3:16 (JE; הַר׳ מְאֹד מִן, Qr; > Kt ב for מן).

indir. caus. remove, put far away, c. acc. pers. + מֵעַל of land Jeremiah 27:10, cf. Joel 4:6, + מֵעַל pers. Job 19:13 and (acc. הַצְּפוֹנִי) Joel 2:20, + מִן pers. Psalms 88:9, Psalms 88:19; + בַּגּוֹיִם Ezekiel 11:16; c. acc. כַּף + מֵעַל pers. Job 13:21, c. acc. דֶּרֶךְ + id. Proverbs 5:8; c. acc. of sin + מִן pers. Proverbs 4:24; Job 11:14 (מִן pers. om.); Proverbs 22:15; Proverbs 30:8 Psalms 103:12; + מִן loc. Job 22:23.

רָחֹק

adj. distant, far, et n.m. ^{Joshua 3:4} distance (Lag^{BN 31});—abs. רָחֹק Exodus 2:4 +, רָחוֹק Ezekiel 6:12 +; fs. רְחֹקָה Deuteronomy 30:11 +, רְחוֹקָה Joshua 9:6 +; mpl. רְחֹקִים Deuteronomy 13:8 +, etc., fpl. abs. רְחֹקוֹת Jeremiah 48:24 +, etc.;—often opp. קָרוֹב:

adj.

of space: distant, land Joshua 9:6, Joshua 9:9 (+ מְאֹד), Deuteronomy 29:21; I Kings 8:41, I Kings 8:46 = II Chronicles 6:32, II Chronicles 6:36; II Kings 20:14 = Isaiah 39:3, אִיִּים ר׳ Isaiah 66:19 + perhaps Psalms 65:6 (Che We read אִיִּם for יָם; Weir in Che גּוֹיִם; MT makes ר׳ = distant ones, people); c. מִן pers., of peoples Joshua 9:22 (JE), Judges 18:7, persons Ezekiel 22:5; Nehemiah 4:13; Proverbs 15:29 (י׳, fig.), cf. Jeremiah 12:2 (id.), cities Deuteronomy 20:15, so (מִן loc.) Judges 18:28; abs. of people Joel 4:8, persons Isaiah 33:13; Isaiah 57:19; Jeremiah 25:26; Ezekiel 6:12; Zechariah 6:15; Proverbs 27:10; Daniel 9:7 Esther 9:20, cities Jeremiah 48:24, tress Psalms 56:1 (title; v. יוֹנָה ad fin., p. 401), of distant journey Numbers 9:10 (P); fig., רָחוֹק pred. (indef.) Ecclesiastes 7:24, of י׳’s מִצְוָה Deuteronomy 30:11; c. מִן pers. (i.e. absent from, lacking to), of salvation Psalms 119:155, wisdom Ecclesiastes 7:23; of pers. c. מִן of act or quality Isaiah 46:12 Psalms 22:2; of price, c. מִן comp. = far beyond Proverbs 31:10.

of time: לְעִתִּים רְחוֹקוֹת Ezekiel 12:27.

n.m. always sing.:

of space: distance Joshua 3:4 (D); elsewhere c. prep.: (1) מֵר׳ from a distance, c. verbs implying motion, physical or mental: look Genesis 22:4 (E) Genesis 37:18 (J) Job 2:12; Job 36:25; bring Deuteronomy 28:49; Isaiah 43:6; Isaiah 60:9, cf. Jeremiah 46:27; come Isaiah 49:12; Isaiah 60:4 Habakkuk 1:8; hear Isaiah 49:1; smell Job 39:25; remember Jeremiah 51:50; understand Psalms 139:2; Psalms 139:2 transfer to b. also worship Exodus 24:1 (J); (2) מֵר׳ at a distance (מִן 1 c) Exodus 2:4 (E), Exodus 20:15, Exodus 20:18 (E, Gi v Exodus 20:13, Exodus 20:15), I Samuel 26:13; II Kings 2:7; Isaiah 5:26; Isaiah 59:14; Jeremiah 31:3 Psalms 38:12, cf. אֱלֹהֵי מֵר׳ Jeremiah 23:23 a God afar off (on cstr. cf. Ges^{§ 130a}; < read אלהים ר׳ Gie, cf. 𝔊); (3) מֵר׳ to a distance (מִן 1 c) Isaiah 22:3; Isaiah 23:7 Proverbs 7:19; (4) בְּר׳ at a distance Psalms 10:1; עַד־ר׳ to a distance Micah 4:3; also c. two prepp.: (5) לְמֵר׳ from (מִן 9 b), Job 36:3; Job 39:29; (6) עַד־מֵר׳ (iii. עַד I. 1 a) to a distance Isaiah 57:9 + Nehemiah 12:43 van d. H. (עַד om. Baer Gi); even (7) עַד־לְמֵר׳ (עַד III.) II Chronicles 26:15; Ezra 3:13.

of time, מֵר׳ long ago Isaiah 22:11, c. noun = ancient, of long standing Isaiah 25:1; לְמֵר׳ long ago II Kings 19:25 = Isaiah 37:26; from a far II Samuel 7:19 = I Chronicles 17:17.

רָחַשׁ

vb. keep moving, stir (NH stir, move, especially of lips in speech, also, in expl. of מרחשׁת, of stewing, boiling; Aramaic רְחֵישׁ, ܪܚܶܫ, ܪܚܰܫ, creep, more, flutter, ܪܰܚܫܳܐ reptile);—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ לִבִּי דָּבָר טוֹב Psalms 45:2 is astir.

רָטֵב

vb. be moist (NH id.; Assyrian raṭâbu, ii. moisten; Arabic رَطُبَ / رَطِبَ, Ethiopic ረጥበ Aramaic רְטַב, ܪܛܶܒ, all be moist);—

Impf. 3 ms. מִזֶּרֶם הָרִים יִרְטָ֑בוּ Job 24:8.

רָטֹב

adj. moist, juicy, fresh;—ר׳ הוּא לִפְנֵי־שָׁ֑מֶשׁ Job 8:16.

רָטָה

vb. (dub.) wring out (NH = BH (si vera l., v. Levy^{NHWB iv. 444} and reff.));—

Impf. 3 ms. sf. יִרְטֵנִי Job 16:11 upon the hands of wicked men he wrings me out, but read prob. יִֽרְ׳, √ יָרַט (Di Bu Du al.), q.v.

רֻטֲפַשׁ

vb. quadril. intrans. grow fresh (Ges^{§ 56}; si vera l., transp. טרפשׁ [expanded from טָפַשׁ be wide, loose, delicate, cf. especially Assyrian ṭapâšu, be fat, ZimBP ^99A Frä^{ZA iii. 55}], cf. Talm. טַרְפְּשָׁא fatty membrane, Syriac ܛܶܪܦܳܫܬܳܐ PS ¹⁵²⁷ thin flesh; Arabic طَرْفَشَ be convalescent; but ר׳ perhaps not orig.);—Pf. pass. רֻטֲפַשׁ בְּשָׂרוֹ מִנֹּעַר Job 33:25 his flesh hath grown fresher than, etc.; read perhaps טפשׁ AltschüllerZAW ^{vi (1886), 212}, יטפשׁ Bi Bu cf. Du.

רִי²

רִיב

[Nö^{ZMG xxxvii (1883), 530, 534} Ges^{§ 73b}] vb. strive, contend (cf. Arabic رَابَ (ى) agitate (the mind), رَيْبٌ disquiet; cf. also Syriac ܪܳܒ cry, shout, Aph. also quarrel noisily, ܪܰܘܒܳܐ shouting, clamour (v. Nö^l.c.); on Sab. n.pr. ריב = Arabic رياب v. DHM^{ib. 14});—Qal Pf. 3 ms. רָב Judges 11:25 I Samuel 25:29; 2 ms. רַבְתָּ Lamentations 3:58, רִיבוֹתָ Job 33:13, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָרִיב Judges 6:31 +, juss. יָרֵב Hosea 4:4; I Samuel 24:16, יָרֶ֫ב לוֹ(בּוֹ) Judges 6:31, Judges 6:32; וַיָּ֫רֶב Genesis 31:36 +; 2 ms. תרוב Proverbs 3:30 Kt, תָּרִיב Qr; 3 mpl. יְרִיבֻן Exodus 21:18, etc.; Imv. ms. רִיב Micah 6:1; Proverbs 25:9, רִיבָה Psalms 35:1 +, mpl. רִיבוּ Isaiah 1:17; Hosea 2:4; Inf. abs. רוֹב Judges 11:25, רֹב Job 40:2; רִיב Jeremiah 50:34 (Ges^{§ 73d} Kö^{i. 509} Ba^{NB 80}); cstr. רִיב Isaiah 3:13; Job 9:3 + Job 21:22 Qr (Kt רוב), רִב Amos 7:4; Proverbs 25:8; Pt. רָב Isaiah 19:20 +;—strive:

involving bodily struggle Exodus 21:18 (sc. one with another; E); public hostilities, יָדָיו רָב לוֹ Deuteronomy 33:7 (with) his hands he strove for it, c. עִם of Israel, הֲרוֹב רָב Judges 11:25 (‖ נִלְחַם).

with words, c. ב pers., Genesis 31:36 (E), Exodus 17:2 (J) Judges 6:32, so (in fig.) Hosea 2:4 cf. v Hosea 2:4; often = quarrel, c. עִם pers. Genesis 26:20; Exodus 17:2; Numbers 20:3 (all J), Nehemiah 13:25; subj. God Job 9:3; Job 13:19; Job 23:6; also Job 40:2 (עִם of God; on inf. abs. v. Ges^{§ 114ee}), in gen. Proverbs 3:30; c. אֵת pers. Judges 8:1; Nehemiah 5:7; Nehemiah 13:11, Nehemiah 13:17, subj. י׳ Isaiah 49:25 (cf. i. יָרִיב infr.), Psalms 35:1 (‖ לָחַם); אֵת of י׳ Isaiah 45:9 (pt. one striving), Numbers 20:13 (P); c. עַל rei Genesis 26:21, Genesis 26:22; abs. = find fault Hosea 4:4 (‖ הוֹכִיחַ). Especially

conduct a (legal) case, suit, usually fig., י׳ sub.; Isaiah 3:13 (‖ דִּין), Isaiah 57:16 (‖ קָצַף), Psalms 103:9 (נָטַר [אַף]), cf. קֹרֵא לָרִב בָּאֵשׁ Amos 7:4; c. acc. pers. with whom (unfriendly sense), Job 10:2; Isaiah 27:8; c. acc. cogn. רִיב in good sense, = take one’s part, I Samuel 24:15 (Gi; v I Samuel 24:16 van d. H. Baer; ‖ שָׁפַט), Micah 7:9; Jeremiah 50:34 (רִיב יָרִיב אֶת־רִיבָם, inf. cstr. = inf. abs., v. supr.), Jeremiah 51:36 (‖ נקם), Lamentations 3:58; Proverbs 22:23 Psalms 43:1 (+ מִגּוֹי; ‖ שָׁפַט), Psalms 119:154 (+ גָּאַל), also Psalms 74:22 (God, his own cause); + מִיַד pers. against whom I Samuel 25:39 (of vengeance); + אֵת pers. against whom Proverbs 23:11, so (without acc. cogn.) Isaiah 50:8 Jeremiah 2:9^(×2); cf. אֶת־ הֶהָרִים Micah 6:1 (II. אֵת 1 c; 𝔊 πρός, whence We Now אֶל־ in the presence of, but on רִיב אֶל v. 4); ר׳ = plead, c. ל pers. for whom Judges 6:31^(×3) Job 13:8, c. acc. pers. for whom Isaiah 1:17, of God Isaiah 51:22, cf. Deuteronomy 33:8 (obscure, v. Dr); of human disputes Proverbs 25:8, רִיבְךָ ר׳ אֶת־רֵעֶ֑ךָ v Proverbs 25:9.

= make complaint, c. אֶל pers. unto and against whom Judges 21:22; Jeremiah 2:29; Jeremiah 12:1; Job 33:13. Hiph. Pt. sf. מריבו I Samuel 2:10 Kt (Qr מְּרִיבָיו), i.e. (those) displaying contention against him (י׳), cf. pl. cstr. וְעַמְּךָ כִמְרִיבֵי כֹהֵן Hosea 4:4, obscure; RS^{Proph. 406} מָרוּ בִי thy people have rebelled against me, O priest! Beck Wü We GASm וְעַמִּי כִּכְמָרָיו הַכֹּהֵן (הַכּ׳ as voc., and [by some] joined to v Hosea 4:5); HermannSK^{, 1879, 516} וְעִמְּךָ עמרִיבִי הַכּ׳, cf. Oort (רִיבִי); Ruben ^{Crit. Rem. ad loc.} וְעַמִּי כָמוֹךָ הַכּ׳, so Now.—וַיָּרֶב I Samuel 15:5 v. ארב Hiph.

רִיב²

n.m. Isaiah 1:23 strife, dispute;—abs. ר׳ Genesis 13:7 +, רִב Exodus 23:2 +; cstr. רִיב Exodus 17:7 +; sf. רִיבִי I Samuel 24:16 +, בְּרִבָם Job 31:13 (or inf.?), etc.; pl. רִיבֹת Deuteronomy 17:8; cstr. רִיבֵי II Samuel 22:44 + 2 times, רִבוֹת Job 13:6;—strife, quarrel:

in words, Exodus 17:7 (J), Deuteronomy 1:12, about pasturage Genesis 13:7 (J; = מְרִיבָה v Genesis 13:8), in gen. Proverbs 15:18; Proverbs 17:14; Proverbs 20:3; Proverbs 26:17, Proverbs 26:21; Proverbs 30:33, + מָדוֹן Habakkuk 1:3, so זִבְהֵי־ר׳ Proverbs 17:1; fig. ר׳ עֲצָמָיו Job 33:19 Kt (Qr רוב, i.e. רֹב q.v.); ר׳ לְשֹׁנוֹת Psalms 31:21, cf. Isaiah 58:4; Proverbs 18:6; אִישׁ ר׳ Jeremiah 15:10 (+ א׳ מָדוֹן).

of public hostilities II Samuel 22:44 = Psalms 18:44, cf. אִישׁ רִיב Judges 12:2, אַנְשֵׁי רִיבֶ֑ךָ Isaiah 41:11; ‖ חָמָם Psalms 55:10.

₃₉ especially dispute, controversy, case at law: Exodus 23:2, Exodus 23:3, Exodus 23:6 (E), Deuteronomy 21:5 (+ נֶגַע), Deuteronomy 25:1 II Samuel 15:2, II Samuel 15:4 (‖ מִשְׁפָּט), + 10 times, + (of י׳) Hosea 4:1; Hosea 12:3 Micah 6:2^(×2) Jeremiah 25:31; Ezekiel 44:24; Lamentations 3:36; as acc. cogn., case, cause Micah 7:9 Jeremiah 50:34 + 8 times (v. √ 3), + רִיב חֶרְפָּתִי I Samuel 25:39, רִיבֵי נַפְשִׁי Lamentations 3:58; דִּבְרֵי רִיבֹת Deuteronomy 17:8 matters of controversy; ר׳ Deuteronomy 19:17 dispute as to guilt; אִישׁ רִיבִי Job 31:35 = accuser.

plea: Proverbs 18:17, רִבוֹת שְׂפָתַי Job 13:6 pleadings of my lips.

רִיבַי

n. pr. m. in Benj., II Samuel 23:29 (Ρειβα, Εριβα) = I Chronicles 11:31 (Ρεβιε, Ρηβαι, Ριβατ, etc.); cf. יְרִיבַי.

רִיחַ²

רִיק

vb.

make empty, empty out (Arabic رَاقَ (ى) pour out, forth, intrans. (of water, blood, etc.); Aramaic רִיק empty, pour, ܪܳܩ in deriv.; Assyrian rêḳu, empty);—Pf. 1 s. הֲרִיקֹ֫תִי Leviticus 26:33 Malachi 3:10; 3 pl. הֵרִיקוּ Ezekiel 28:7; Ezekiel 30:11; Impf. 3 ms. יָרִיק Habakkuk 1:17, וַיָּ֫רֶק Genesis 14:14 (but v. infr.); Imv. ms. הָרֵק Psalms 35:3; Inf. cstr. הָרִיק Isaiah 32:6; Pt. pl. מְרִיקִים Genesis 42:35 Zechariah 4:12;—

empty vessels Genesis 42:35 (E) Jeremiah 48:12; keep empty, לְהָרִיק נֶפֶשׁ רָעֵב Isaiah 32:6 (i.e. keep hungry).

pour out or down, rain Malachi 3:10 Ecclesiastes 11:3, oil Zechariah 4:12.

empty out (i.e. draw) sword (cf. Assyrian kakkê ittabbaku [pass.], Dl^{HWB 699 b}) Exodus 15:9 (poem), Leviticus 26:33 (H), Ezekiel 5:2, Ezekiel 5:12; Ezekiel 12:14; Ezekiel 28:7; Ezekiel 30:11; prob. also Habakkuk 1:17 (חרבו for חרמוֹ Gie We Now); of lance Psalms 35:3; cf. (si vera l.) וירק חניכיו Genesis 14:14 (R) led forth, < Sam. וַיָּ֫דֶק (Aramaic דּוּק Aph. look) i.e. mustered 𝔊 cf. Di al., ויפקד Ball.—In Psalms 18:43 𝔊 𝔖 Hup-Now Bae read אֲדִקֵּם; so ‖ II Samuel 22:43 MT; but De Dr < אֲרִיקֵם (v. דקק).

be emptied out from vessel: Pf. 3 ms. הוּרַק Jeremiah 48:11; Impf. 2 ms. תּוּרַק Song of Songs 1:3 (al. 3 fs.; of ointment, in sim.); cf. also Amos 6:6, where Oort מוּרְקֵי for מִזְרְקֵי.

רֵיק

adj. empty, vain;—m. abs. רֵק Genesis 37:24 + 2 times; f. רֵקָה Ezekiel 24:11 Isaiah 29:8; mpl. רֵ(י)קִים Judges 7:16 +; fpl. רֵקוֹת Genesis 41:27;—

empty, of vessels II Kings 4:3 Judges 7:16 Ezekiel 24:11 + (prob.) Jeremiah 14:3 (רֵיקִים for רֵיקָם), Jeremiah 51:34 (רֵיק for רִיק); of pit Genesis 37:24 (J), lap Nehemiah 5:13, ears of grain Genesis 41:27 (E; דַּקּוֹת v Genesis 41:6, Genesis 41:7, Genesis 41:23, Genesis 41:24); רֵקָה נַפְשׁוֹ Isaiah 29:8 (cf. Genesis 32:6 √ 1).

empty, idle, worthless, ethically; אנשׁים ריקים worthless fellows Judges 9:4; Judges 11:3 II Chronicles 13:7, so הָרֵקִים alone (as subst.) II Samuel 6:20; מְרַדֵּף רֵיקִים Proverbs 12:11 AV RV of persons; < vain, unprofitable things, Proverbs 28:19 (v. Toy); דָּבָר ר׳ מִן Deuteronomy 32:47 (D) a thing too empty (of significance) for you; + (prob.) Psalms 4:3 (רֵיק for MT רִיק) love an empty thing (‖ כזב), of abortive course of action.

רִיק²

n.[m.] emptiness, vanity;—chiefly in adv. phr. לְרִיק Isaiah 49:4 Job 39:16 in vain (of labour without benefit), so לָר׳ Leviticus 26:16, Leviticus 26:20 (H), Isaiah 65:23; and as adv. acc. רִיק Isaiah 30:7 Psalms 73:13, prob. also Psalms 2:1 (most = empty scheme as רֵיק 2) cf. Psalms 4:3 (read prob. רֵיק); בְּדֵי רִיק Jeremiah 51:58 = Habakkuk 2:13.—Jeremiah 51:34 v. רֵיק 1.

רֵיקָם

adv. emptily, vainly;—

in empty condition, empty = with empty hands; c. vb. of sending Genesis 31:42 (E), Deuteronomy 15:13 I Samuel 6:3 Job 22:9; of going forth Exodus 3:21, returning Ruth 1:21; Ruth 3:17; = without an offering, לֹא יֵרָאוּ פָנַי ר׳ Exodus 23:15 (E) = Exodus 34:20 (J), more fully Deuteronomy 16:16 (cf. [פָּנֶה] II. 2, ראה Niph. 1 b).

in vain, without effect: c. שׁוּב II Samuel 1:22 (poem), Isaiah 55:11 Jeremiah 14:3 (but v. רֵיק 1), Jeremiah 50:9; prob. also צוֹרֲרִי ר׳ Psalms 7:5 those who were my adversaries in vain (without success); הַבּוֹגְדִים ר׳ Psalms 25:3 that deal treacherously in vain (in both most without cause).

רֵישׁ

רַךְ

רָכַב

vb. mount and ride, ride (NH = BH; Assyrian rakâbu, Arabic رَكِبَ,, Aramaic רְכֵיב, ܪܟܶܒ, all id.; cf. Zinj. רכב war-chariot, n.pr. div. רכבאל (Cook¹⁰⁸); Sab. רכבהו = his rider Mordtm^{Him. Inschr. 25} (of horse; but his trappings CIS^{iv. no. 306, 5}); Ethiopic ረከበ: is attain, acquire);—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Esther 6:8; 2 ms. רָכַבְתָּ Numbers 22:30; 3 pl. רָֽכְבוּ I Samuel 30:17; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְכַּב Leviticus 15:9, etc.; Imv. ms. רְכַב Psalms 45:5; Inf. cstr. לִרְכֹּב II Samuel 16:2 II Kings 4:24; Pt. act. רֹכֵב abs. Numbers 22:22 +, cstr. Amos 2:15; sf. רֹכְבוֹ Genesis 49:17 +; fs. abs. רֹכֶ֫בֶת I Samuel 25:30; mpl. רֹכְבִים II Kings 9:25 +, etc.;—

mount, mount and sit, or ride, c. עַל of camel Genesis 24:61 (J), I Samuel 30:17, of ass (חֲמוֹר) I Samuel 25:42; I Samuel 25:20 II Samuel 16:2 (עַל obj. om.), II Samuel 19:27 I Kings 13:13, of mule (פֶּרֶד) II Samuel 13:29; abs. of mounting (and riding in) chariot I Kings 18:45 II Kings 9:16.

ride, be riding, c. עַל of mule (פֶּרֶד) II Samuel 18:9, of ass, אָתוֹן Numbers 22:22 (J), so (עַל obj. om.) II Kings 4:24, of חֲמוֹר Zechariah 9:9, of horse Zechariah 1:8; c. עַל־מֶרְכָּב (v מ׳) Leviticus 15:9; c. ב of animal (בְּהֵמָה) Nehemiah 2:12; ב of chariotry and horses Jeremiah 17:25 = Jeremiah 22:4; abs. (perhaps in chariot) Psalms 45:5 ride on! ride (habitually) c. עַל of אָתוֹן Numbers 22:30 (J), of עֲיָרִים Judges 10:4; Judges 12:14, of סוּם Hosea 14:4 (fig. of alliance with Egypt), Jeremiah 6:23; Jeremiah 50:42 Esther 6:8, Habakkuk 3:8 (fig. of י׳; poss. add sf. ref. to יָם, cf. Deuteronomy 33:26), עַל־קַל (‖ סוּם) Isaiah 30:16; of י׳, עַל־כְּרוּב II Samuel 22:11 = Psalms 18:11, עַל־עָב קַל Isaiah 19:1, c. acc. שָׁמַיִם ride through Deuteronomy 33:26, but also c. ב loc. in, through, Psalms 68:5, Psalms 68:34.

pt. רֹכֵב etc., as subst., rider: רֹכְבֵי אֲתֹנוֹת Judges 5:10; ר׳ (ה)סוּם Amos 2:15 II Kings 9:18, II Kings 9:19 Ezekiel 23:23; Ezekiel 38:15 Zechariah 10:5, so (appos. פָּרָשִׁים) Ezekiel 23:6, Ezekiel 23:12; sf. of סוּם Genesis 49:17 Exodus 15:1, Exodus 15:21 Jeremiah 51:21 Zechariah 12:4 Job 39:18 Haggai 2:22; עַל of סוּם II Kings 18:23 = Isaiah 36:8; רֹכְבֵי רֶכֶשׁ Esther 8:10, Esther 8:14; sf. of chariot Jeremiah 51:21 b Haggai 2:22.

Pf. 2 ms. הִרְכַּבְתָּ Psalms 66:12, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּרְכֵּב Genesis 41:43 II Kings 13:16, sf. יַרְכִּבֵהוּ Deuteronomy 32:13, etc.; Imv. ms. הַרְכֵּב II Kings 13:16;—

cause to (mount and) ride: c. acc. pers. + עַל of חֲמוֹר Exodus 4:20 (J), of פִּרְדָּה I Kings 1:33, I Kings 1:38, I Kings 1:44, of סוּם Esther 6:9, cf. (עַל־סוּם om.) v Esther 6:11; c. acc. pers. + ב of chariot Genesis 41:43 (E), II Kings 10:16; ב of chariot om. II Kings 9:28; II Kings 23:30 = (c. עֶל־רֶכֶב) II Chronicles 35:24; fig. Job 30:22 (sc. on the wind); c. acc. rei + אֶל־עֲגָלָה II Samuel 6:3 = I Chronicles 13:7; fig., c. acc. pers. + עַל loc. (על־במותי ארץ) Deuteronomy 32:13 so Isaiah 58:14, + לְרֹאשֵׁנוּ Psalms 66:12 over our heads.

cause to draw (plough, etc.) Hosea 10:11, obj. Ephr. under fig. of heifer.

fig. (עַל־הַקֶשֶׁת) הַרְכֵּב יָֽדְךָ II Kings 13:16^(×2) cause hand to ride upon (grasp) bow.

רֶ֫כֶב

n.m. II Kings 13, II Kings 7 [even Nahum 2:5, where read מַרְאֵיהֶם (for -הֶן) We Now Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 90}] chariotry, chariot, mill-stone; appar. also riders (cf. Lag^BN151);—abs. ר׳ Genesis 50:9 +, רָ֑כֶב II Samuel 8:4 +; cstr. רֶכֶב Exodus 14:9 +; sf. רִכְבִּי Judges 4:7 +, רִכְבּוֹ II Kings 5:9 +, רִכְבָּהּ Nahum 2:14; pl. cstr. רִכְבֵי Song of Songs 1:9;—Hosea 10:13 v. infr.;—

₁₀₉ coll. chariotry, chariots [sometimes of specific no. II Kings 13:7; II Samuel 8:4; Exodus 14:7 etc.; often + פָּרָשִׁים, סוּס(ים)]. especially war-chariots: in Egypt Exodus 14:7 (J), Joshua 24:6 (E) +; early Canaan Joshua 11:4; Judges 4:7, Judges 4:13; Judges 5:28 (not sg.; ‖ מַרְכְּבוֹתָיו) +, called ר׳ בַּרְזֶל (i.e. iron-bound, or studded, cf. GFM Judges 1, Judges 19 and reff.), †Joshua 17:16, Joshua 17:18; Judges 1:19; Judges 4:3, Judges 4:13†; Philist., according to I Samuel 13:5; II Samuel 1:6; Aramaic II Samuel 8:4; II Samuel 10:18 +; Judah and Israel (from David’s time, cf. II Samuel 8:4) I Kings 9:19, I Kings 9:22; I Kings 10:26 +, read also בְּרִכְבְּךָ Hosea 10:13 (for בְּדַרְכְּךָ) 𝔊^A We Now GASm; Assyria II Kings 19:23 = Isaiah 37:24; Nahum 2:4, Nahum 2:5, Nahum 2:14 (to be burnt; made mainly of wood); Babyl. Jeremiah 47:3 (on title v Jeremiah 47:1, see Gf Gie), Jeremiah 50:37; Jeremiah 51:21 Ezekiel 23:24 +, etc.; for dignity and display I Kings 1:5; II Kings 5:9; Jeremiah 17:25; Jeremiah 22:4; Isaiah 66:20, cf. Genesis 50:9 (J), (cf. also I Kings 9:19, I Kings 9:22; I Kings 10:26, etc.); fig. of Elijah, ר׳ יִשְׂרָאֵל וּפָרָשָׁיו II Kings 2:12, of Elisha II Kings 13:14; רֶכֶב אֵשׁ II Kings 2:11 chariotry of fire (at Elijah’s translation); ר׳ אֵל Psalms 68:18 chariots of Ēl, i.e. his heavenly host, cf. vision II Kings 6:17, and also II Kings 7:6; ר׳ meton. for chariot-horses II Samuel 8:4 = I Chronicles 18:4.

of single chariot I Kings 22:35, I Kings 22:38; II Kings 9:21^(×2), II Kings 9:24; II Kings 10:16; II Chronicles 35:24, prob. also Exodus 14:6; pl. רִכְבֵי פַרְעֹה Song of Songs 1:9.

upper millstone (as riding on the lower) Deuteronomy 24:6; Judges 9:53; II Samuel 11:21.

appar. = riders (coll.), troop (of riders): שְׁנֵי רֶכֶב סוּסִים II Kings 7:14 perhaps רֹכְבֵי, cf. 𝔊 and II Kings 9:16 Bur. two riders of horses, horsemen or two chariots drawn by horses (?); in foll. text dub.: ר׳ צֶמֶד פָּרָשִׁים ר׳ חֲמוֹר ר׳ גָּמָל Isaiah 21:7 riders, viz. a pair of horsemen, ass-riders, camel-riders; cf. ר׳ אִישׁ צֶמֶד פָּרָשִׁים v Isaiah 21:9 i.e. men riding, a pair of horsemen; בְּר׳ אָדָם פָּרָשִׁים Isaiah 22:6 with riders (consisting of) men, horsemen, but use of אָדָם very improb.; attractive is with chariotry of (drawn by) steeds (א׳ as gloss) Du Che^Hpt Di-Kit but פ׳ hardly steeds here (cf. פ׳ horsemen, v Isaiah 21:7); read perhaps simply בְּר׳ וּפ׳.

רַכָּב

n.m.

charioteer, רַכָּבוֹ I Kings 22:34 = הָרַכָּב II Chronicles 18:33.

horseman, רַכָּב II Kings 9:17 (= רֹכֵב (ה)סוּם v II Kings 9:18, II Kings 9:19).

רֵכָב

n.pr.m. (bond of riders? cf. Arabic رِكَابٌ camels used in journeying);—

Ρηχαβ:

in יְהוֹנָדָב בֶּן־ר׳ (Jehu’s time, v. יְהו׳) II Kings 10:15, II Kings 10:23, whose descendants [or, the members of whose society, RS^{K 15}, yet v Nö^{ZMG xl (1886), 171}] were contemp. with Jerem., Jeremiah 35:6, Jeremiah 35:8, Jeremiah 35:14, Jeremiah 35:16, Jeremiah 35:19; I Chronicles 2:55 הַקִּינִים (v. קֵינִי) are said to be descended from Ḥammath, אֲבִי בֵית־רֵכָב.—On the asceticism of diff. tribes cf. Diod^{xix. 94} (Nabataeans), Palmer^{Desert 432} (Kheibarí Jews in Arabia); v. also Berthol^{Stellung Isr. zu d. Fremden 80}.

(perhaps = a, so EMey^{Entstehung 147}) in מַלְכִּיָּה בֶן־ר׳ Nehemiah 3:14.

in Benjamin, II Samuel 4:2 (Ρηχαβ), v II Samuel 4:5, II Samuel 4:6, II Samuel 4:9 (Ρεκχα; A 𝔊L Ρηχαβ in all).

רֵכָבִי

adj.gent. of רֵכָב 1, only pl. הָרֵכָבִים as subst., in בֵּית הָר׳ Jeremiah 35:2, Jeremiah 35:3, Jeremiah 35:18, בְּנֵי בֵית־הָר׳ v Jeremiah 35:5, Αρχαβειν, Ραχαβειν, etc.

רֵכָה

n.pr.loc. in Judah;—I Chronicles 4:12, Ρηχαβ.

רָכַךְ

vb. be tender, weak, soft (Arabic رَكَّ, Aramaic רְכַךְ (in der. spec. and deriv.), ܪܰܟ, id.);—

Pf. 3 ms. רַךְ II Kings 22:19; II Chronicles 34:27; 3 pl. רַכּוּ Psalms 55:22; Impf. יֵרַךְ (Ges^{§ 67 p}) Isaiah 7:4 +;—

be tender, weak, of heart:

be timid, fearful, ‖ יָרֵא, Isaiah 7:4; Jeremiah 51:46; Deuteronomy 20:3.

be softened, penitent, ‖ כָּנַע Niph., II Kings 22:19 = II Chronicles 34:27

be soft, of treacherous words Psalms 55:22 (c. מִן comp.; ‖ II. חָלַק).

Pf. 3 fs. רֻכְּכָה Isaiah 1:6 it has not been softened, mollified, with oil (of wound, מַכָּה).

Pf. 3 ms. וְאֵל הֵרַךְ לִבִּי Job 23:16 (Ges^{§ 67 v}), causat. of Qal 1 a.

רַךְ²

adj. tender, delicate, soft;—ר׳ abs. Genesis 18:7 +, cstr. Deuteronomy 20:8; II Chronicles 13:7; fs. רַכָּה Deuteronomy 28:56 +; mpl. רַכִּים Genesis 33:13; fpl. abs. רַכּוֹת Genesis 29:17 Job 40:27;—

tender of flesh Genesis 18:7 (J; בֶּן־בָּקָר); tender, delicate, especially in body, of children Genesis 33:13 (J), cf. (implying weakness of undeveloped character) II Samuel 3:39, נַעַר וָרָ֑ךְ I Chronicles 22:5; I Chronicles 29:1, (וְיָחִיד) רַךְ Proverbs 4:3 (‘of tender age,’ Toy, q.v.); of man (+ עָנֹג; i.e. delicately nurtured) Deuteronomy 28:54, so of woman v Deuteronomy 28:56 (+ עֲנֻגָּה), so, fig. of Bab., Isaiah 47:1 (+ id.); רַךְ as subst. = tender (twig) Ezekiel 17:22 (in fig.); delicate, weak, of eyes Genesis 29:17 (E).

רַךְ (ה)לֵבָב weak of heart, timid, Deuteronomy 20:8 (+ יָרֵא), II Chronicles 13:7 (נַעַר).

soft, of words, abs. רַכּוֹת Job 40:27 = subst., mild, gentle words (‖ תַּחֲנוּנִים); מַעֲנֶה רַךְ Proverbs 15:1 (opp. דְּבַר עֶצֶב), לָשׁוֹן רַכָּה Proverbs 25:15.

רָכִיל

n.[m.] slander, > tale-bearer, informer;—always ר׳ abs.;—ר׳ יַהֲלֹךְ Jeremiah 9:3, תֵּלֵךְ ר׳ Leviticus 19:16 (H), הוֹלֵךְ ר׳ Proverbs 11:13; Proverbs 20:19, all of going about in slander, as slanderer (Ges^{§ 118 q}); הֹלְכֵי ר׳ Jeremiah 6:28 goers of slander (slanderous persons) (cf. הָלַךְ, p. 231 f.); אַנְשֵׁי ר׳ Ezekiel 22:9 men of slander, informers.

רָכַשׁ

vb. collect, gather property, vb. only P (rare) (Mand. רכש gather, Norberg^{Lexid. 231}; Assyrian rukûšu, property (Hpt^{Hbr iii. 110} riding anim.); Aramaic רִכְשָׁא, ܪܰܟܫܳܐ = BH רֶכֶשׁ);—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳, acc. קִנְיָן, Genesis 31:18b; Genesis 36:6; elsewhere c. acc. cogn. אֲשֶׁר רָכָ֑שׁ ׃רְכוּשׁ Genesis 31:18a, 3 pl. רָֽכְשׁוּ Genesis 46:6, רָכָ֑שׁוּ Genesis 12:5.

רְכוּשׁ

n.m. Genesis 13, Genesis 6 property, goods;—abs. רְכוּשׁ Numbers 16:32 +, רְכֻשׁ Genesis 14:16, Genesis 14:21; cstr. רְכוּשׁ II Chronicles 35:7, רְכֻשׁ Genesis 14:11; sf. רְכֻשׁוֹ v Genesis 14:12 +, רְכוּשָׁם Genesis 12:5 +, etc.;—property, goods, PRChr Dn Genesis 14:

gen. term for movable possessions of all kinds (often specif. incl. cattle), Genesis 12:5; Genesis 15:14; Numbers 16:32; I Chronicles 27:31; I Chronicles 28:1; II Chronicles 31:3; II Chronicles 32:29; Ezra 8:21; Ezra 10:8.

used specif. of cattle, flocks, etc. Genesis 13:6; Genesis 31:18; Genesis 36:7; Numbers 35:3; II Chronicles 35:7.

of stores, utensils, etc. Genesis 46:6; Ezra 1:4, Ezra 1:6, as camp-baggage Daniel 11:13, especially as booty Genesis 14:11, Genesis 14:12, Genesis 14:16^(×2), Genesis 14:21; II Chronicles 20:25; II Chronicles 21:14, II Chronicles 21:17; Daniel 11:24, Daniel 11:28.

רָם²

רָמָה³

vb. cast, shoot (Assyrian ramû, throw, lay; Arabic رَمَى throw, shoot; Ethiopic ረመየ: strike, aim a blow at; Aramaic רְמָא, ܪܡܳܐ cast, throw);—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳, subj. י׳ Exodus 15:1, Exodus 15:21 (song), c. acc. + בַּיָּם; Pt. רֹמֵה קֶשֶׁת Jeremiah 4:29 coll. (or read רֹמֵי) bow-shooters, bowmen, pl. cstr. נוֹשְׁקֵי רוֹמֵי־ק׳ Psalms 78:9 (v. II. נשׁק); cf. רֹבֵה Genesis 21:20 (v. II. רבה, קַשָּׁת).

רָמָה⁴

vb.

beguile, deal treacherously with (NH in deriv.; 𝔗 רְמָא Pa.; Buhl^Lex cp. Arabic رَمَى vi. be sluggish, backward (of wound), become putrid, corrupt);—Pf. 3 ms. רִמָּה Proverbs 26:19, sf. רִמָּנִי II Samuel 19:27; 2 ms. sf. רִמִּיתָנִי Genesis 29:25 I Samuel 28:12; 2 fs. sf. רִמִּיתִנִי I Samuel 19:17, etc.; Inf. cstr. sf. לְרַמּוֹתַנִי I Chronicles 12:18 (van d. H. v I Chronicles 12:17);—beguile, deceive, mislead, acc. pers., Genesis 29:25 (E), Joshua 9:22 (JE), I Samuel 28:12; II Samuel 19:27; Proverbs 26:19; deal treacherously with, betray, acc. pers., I Samuel 19:17 Lamentations 1:19, + לְצָרַי I Chronicles 12:17.

רְמִיָּה

n.f. deceit, treachery;—always abs. ר׳;—deceit, treachery: especially of speech, pred. of לָשׁוֹן Micah 6:12 (‖ שֶׁקֶר), appos. of לָשׁוֹן (or read לְשֹׁוֹן?) Psalms 120:2 (‖ שְׂפַת שֶׁקֶר), v Psalms 120:3; of man, עֹשֵׂה ר׳ Psalms 52:4 that workest treachery, Psalms 101:7 (‖ דֹּבֵר שְׁקָרִים); also Job 13:7; Job 27:4 (both ‖ עַוְלָה); deception Psalms 32:2 (‖ עָוֹן); in phr. קֶשֶׁת ר׳ treacherous bow (sim.) Hosea 7:16 Psalms 78:57 (failing him who trusts to it).

רְמִיָּה²

n.f. laxness, slackness;—always abs. ר׳;—כַּף ר׳ Proverbs 10:4 slack (negligent, idle) hand (opp. יַד חָרוּצִים); ר׳ alone = slackness (abstr. for concr. = one who is slack) Proverbs 12:24 (‖ id.), v Proverbs 12:27 (v. חרך); נֶפֶשׁ ר׳ Proverbs 19:15 (‖ עַצְלָה); as adv. עֹשֶׁה מְלֶאכֶת י׳ רְמִיָּה Jeremiah 48:10.

רַמְיָה

n.pr.m. (proposes י׳ hath loosened?);—one with foreign wife Ezra 10:25, Ραμιά(ς).

רָמָה⁵

רִמָּה

רִמּוֹן

n.m. ^{Jeremiah 52:23} pomegranate (foreign word of doubtful origin, cf. Löw^{No. 310} Hom^{A. u. A. 97 ff.}; Aramaic רִימּוֹנָא, רוּמָּנָא, ܪܽܘܡܳܢܳܐ, Mand. רומאנא Nö^{M. 123}; Arabic رُمَّانٌ (Aramaic loan-word, Frä ¹⁴²), Ethiopic ሮማን: );—abs. ר׳ I Samuel 14:2 +, רִמֹּן Exodus 39:26, Exodus 39:26; sf. רִמֹּנִי Song of Songs 8:2; pl. רִמּוֹנִים I Kings 7:20 +, etc.;—pomegranate:

tree I Samuel 14:2, often + גֶּפֶן, תְּאֵנָה, etc., Numbers 20:5 (JE), Deuteronomy 8:8; Haggai 2:19; Joel 1:12; Song of Songs 4:13; Song of Songs 6:11; Song of Songs 7:13.

fruit Numbers 13:23 (JE; + עֲנָבִים, תְּאֵנִים); עֲסִיס ר׳ Song of Songs 8:2, פֶּלַח הָר׳ (in sim.) Song of Songs 4:3; Song of Songs 6:7.

ornaments in temple, shaped like pomegranates (cf. رُمَّانَة in mod. Syria = epaulet, Almkvist^{Kl. Beiträge zur Lexicogr., etc.} Nes^{Marg. 12}), I Kings 7:18 (on text cf. Sta^{ZAW iii (1883), 154 f.} Kit Benz), v I Kings 7:20, I Kings 7:42^(×2) ‖ II Chronicles 3:16; II Chronicles 4:13^(×2) II Kings 25:17 = Jeremiah 52:22; Jeremiah 52:22, Jeremiah 52:23^(×2); so in tabernacle, Exodus 28:33, Exodus 28:34^(×2); Exodus 39:24, Exodus 39:25^(×2), Exodus 39:26^(×2).

רִמּוֹן²

n.pr. dei, in Aramaic (Old Aramaic רמן in n.pr. Lzb ³⁶⁹ Cook ¹⁰⁸; Assyrian Rammânu, god of wind, rain and storm (Schr^COT II Kings 5, II Kings 18 Zim^{KAT 3, 442 ff.} Muss-Arnolt^{JBL xi (1892), 172} Jastr^{Rel. Bab. 156 ff.}); Sab. רמן (CIS^{iv, no. 140, 209} H. Derenb in Kohut-Studies^{120 ff.}); etym. dub.; √ רעם thunder Schr; √ ramâmu, roar Dl^{HWB 624} and most; = i. רִמּוֹן Hom^{A. u. A. 98});—בֵּית ר׳ II Kings 5:18, בֵּית רִמֹּן v II Kings 5:18^(×2); Ρεμμαν[θ];—v. also הֲדַדְרִמּוֹן p. 213, טַבְרִמּוֹן p. 372.

רִמּוֹן³

n.pr.m. in Benj., II Samuel 4:2, II Samuel 4:5, II Samuel 4:9; Ρεμμων.

רִמּוֹן⁴

n.pr.loc.

in סֶלַע הָרִמּוֹן cliff of R. Judges 20:45, Judges 20:47, ס׳ רִמּוֹן v Judges 20:47 Judges 21:13; Ρεμμων; = mod. cliff Rammôn, E. from Bethel, BuhlG ¹⁰⁰, cf. GFM Judges 20:45.

in S. Judah, עַיִן וְר׳ Joshua 15:32; עַיִן ר׳ Joshua 19:7 (both P), I Chronicles 4:32; = ר׳ Zechariah 14:10; Ρεμμων[θ], etc.; v. iii. עַיִן 2, p. 745, and עֵין רִמּוֹן.

in Zebulun Joshua 19:13 (Ρεμμωνα(μ)), = רִמּוֹנוֹ I Chronicles 6:62 (Ρεμμων); + Joshua 21:35 (read רִמֹּנָה for דִּמְנָה, Di Benn Steuern); mod. Rummâne, c. 6 miles E. of N. from Nazareth (Buhl^{G 221}).

רִמּוֹנוֹ

I Chronicles 6:62 see iv. רִמּוֹן 3.

רֹ֫מַח

n.[m.] spear, lance (etym. unknown; Aramaic רוּמְחָא, ܪܽܘܡܚܳܐ; Arabic رُمْحٌ; Ethiopic ረምሕ: );—often + חֶרֶב, צִנָּה, מָגֵן, קֶשֶׁת, etc.;—abs. ר׳ Judges 5:8; Numbers 25:7 (P), Ezekiel 39:9; I Chronicles 12:9, I Chronicles 12:25 (van d. H. v I Chronicles 12:8, I Chronicles 12:24), II Chronicles 14:7; II Chronicles 25:5; pl. רְמָחִים I Kings 18:28; Jeremiah 46:4; Joel 4:10; Nehemiah 4:10, Nehemiah 4:15; II Chronicles 11:12; II Chronicles 26:14; sf. רָמְחֵיהֶם Nehemiah 4:7.

רַמְיָה²

i, ii. רְמִיָּה v. II, III. רמה.

רְמַלְיָ֫הוּ

n.pr.m. father of Peḳaḥ, king of Israel, בֶּן־ר׳ II Kings 15:25, II Kings 15:27, II Kings 15:30, II Kings 15:32, II Kings 15:37; II Kings 16:1, II Kings 16:5; Isaiah 7:1; II Chronicles 28:6; contempt. (פֶּקַח om.) Isaiah 7:4, Isaiah 7:5, Isaiah 7:9; Isaiah 8:6; υἱὸς Ῥομελίου.

רִמָּה²

n.f. worm (cause and sign of decay);—abs. ר׳ Exodus 16:24 (P), Isaiah 14:11 (‖ תּוֹלֵעָה), Job 7:5; Job 17:14; Job 21:26; Job 24:20 all indic. corruption, feeding on dead, etc.; hyperb. of insignificant man Job 25:6 (‖ תּוֹלֵעָה).

רָמַם

vb. denom. be wormy;—

Impf. 3 ms. (c. acc. result, Ges^{§ 121 d N}) וַיָּ֫רֻם תּוֹלָעִים Exodus 16:20 (Ges^{§ 67 n}; + וַיִּבְאַשׁ).

רָמַס

vb. trample (NH id.; J.Aram רְמַס; cf. perhaps Syriac ܪܦܰܣ, Arabic رَفَسَ kick (Ba^{ES 33} Kö^{ii. 196}); رَمَسَ is bury, and conceal grave);—

Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְר׳ Micah 5:7; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְמֹם Ezekiel 26:11 Psalms 7:6, יִרְמָס־ Isaiah 41:25, sf. וַיִּרְמְסֶנָּה II Kings 9:33, etc.; Imv. fs. רִמְסִי Nahum 3:14; Inf. cstr. רְמֹס Isaiah 1:12; Pt. רֹמֵס Isaiah 16:4;—trample, of men, c. acc. חֲצֵרָ֑י Isaiah 1:12, חוּצוֹת Ezekiel 26:11 (by horses’ hoofs), טִיט Isaiah 41:25 (in sim.), cf. ר׳ בַחֹמֶר Nahum 3:14, acc. מִרְעֶה Ezekiel 34:18 (in fig.); trample down, acc. pers., anim., vel rei, II Kings 7:17, II Kings 7:20, so (by horses’ hoofs) II Kings 9:33, יִר׳ לָאָרֶץ חַיָּי֑ Psalms 7:6; Psalms 91:13 (‖ תִּדְרֹךְ); subj. י׳ Isaiah 63:3 (fig.; + דָּֽרַךְ), subj. רֶגֶל Isaiah 26:6; subj. beast II Kings 14:9 (allegory) = II Chronicles 25:18; Daniel 8:7 (vision), of horn, v Daniel 8:10; abs. of lion, וְר׳ וְטָרַף Micah 5:7 (sim.); pt. as subst. coll. tramplers (i.e. devastators) Isaiah 16:4.

be trampled, Impf. 3 fpl. בְּרַגְלַיִם תֵּרָמַ֑סְנָה Isaiah 28:3 (on subj. cf. Di Du Che^Hpt Kö^{i. 183}).

רָמַשׂ

vb. creep, move lightly, move about (chiefly P) (Arabic رَمَشَ touch gently (Kam Frey); NH רְמָשִׂים creeping things (rare));—

Impf. 3 fs. תִּרְמֹשׂ Genesis 9:2 + 2 times; Pt. רֹמֵשׂ Genesis 1:26 +; fs. רֹמֶ֫שֶׂת Leviticus 11:46 + 2 times;—

subj. ground, כֹּל אֲשֶׁר ת׳ הָאֲדָמָה all with which the ground creeps (teems), i.e. all creeping things, Leviticus 20:25 (H), Genesis 9:2 (P).

elsewhere subj. animal:

creep, עַל־הָאֲדָמָה Deuteronomy 4:18; Genesis 7:8 (P), עַל־הָאָרֶץ Leviticus 11:44 (H), Genesis 1:30 (P); הָרֶמֶשׂ הָרֹמֵשׂ עַל־הָאֲדָמָה Ezekiel 38:20, עַל־הָאָרֶין Genesis 1:26; Genesis 7:14; Genesis 8:17 (all P).

move lightly, glide about, of water animals, כָּל־נֶפֶשׁ (בַּמַּיִם) הַחַיָּה הָרֹמֶשֶׂת Leviticus 11:46 (H), Genesis 1:21 (P), cf. ψ Psalms 69:35.

in gen. move about, of all land-animals, עַל־הָאָרֶין Genesis 1:28; Genesis 7:21; Genesis 8:19 (all P); specif. of wild beasts prowling at night Psalms 104:20.

רֶ֫מֶשׂ

n.m. ^{Ezekiel 38:20} coll. creeping things, moving things;—ר׳ abs. I Kings 5:13 +, cstr. Hosea 2:20 +;—

creeping things (disting. from בְּהֵמָה, חַיָּה, עוֹף, צִפּוֹר, דָּג) Hosea 2:20; I Kings 5:13; Ezekiel 8:10; Ezekiel 38:20; Genesis 1:24, Genesis 1:25, Genesis 1:26; Genesis 6:7, Genesis 6:20; Genesis 7:14, Genesis 7:23; Genesis 8:17, Genesis 8:19 (all P), Habakkuk 1:14 (in sim.) Psalms 148:10.

of sea animals, gliding things, Psalms 104:25.

moving things, of all animals Genesis 9:3 (P).—Cf. Dr^{Hast. DB Creeping Things}.

רֶמֶת

רֹן

i, ii. רִנָּה v. רנן.

רָנַן

vb. give a ringing cry (onomatop.? cf. Arabic رَنَّ cry aloud, also twang (of bowstring); NH Pi. murmur, complain, cf. J.Aram (not 𝔗));—

Impf. 3 ms. יָרוּן (Ges^{§ 67 q}) Proverbs 29:6 (but read perhaps יָרוּץ, Pinsk Toy, v. רוּץ 2); 3 fs. תָּרֹן Isaiah 35:6; 3 mpl. יָרֹ֫נּוּ Isaiah 24:14 +, וַיָּר׳ Leviticus 9:24; Leviticus 9:3 fpl. תָּדֹ֫נָּה Proverbs 1:20; Proverbs 8:3; Imv. fs. רָנִּי Isaiah 54:1 +, רֹ֫נִּי Isaiah 12:6; mpl. רָנּוּ Jeremiah 31:7 +; Inf. cstr. בְּרָן־ Job 38:7;—give a ringing cry:

in joy, exultation, ‖ צָהַל Jeremiah 31:7 (ר׳ שׂמְחָה), Isaiah 12:6; Isaiah 24:14 (‖ נָשָׂא קוֹל), Isaiah 54:1 (+ פָּצַח רִנָּה); ‖ הֵרִיעַ Zephaniah 3:14 (+ שׂמח, עלז), Isaiah 44:23; Job 38:7; ‖ שָׂמַח Zechariah 2:14 Psalms 35:27 Proverbs 29:6 (v. supr.); ‖ גִּיל Isaiah 49:13 (+ הֵרִים רִנָּה), ‖ צָוַח Isaiah 42:11; opp. צָעַק (cry in distress) Isaiah 65:14 (מִן of cause); Leviticus 9:24; Isaiah 35:6 (subj. לָשׁוֹן).—Isaiah 61:7 is corrupt; read perhaps וָרֹק and spitting, Klo Che^Hpt.

in distress, Lamentations 2:19.

cry aloud, in summons, exhortation (of wisdom) Proverbs 1:20 (‖ נָתַן קוֹל). Proverbs 8:3.

Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְרִנְּנוּ Jeremiah 31:12; Jeremiah 51:48; Impf. 3 fs. תְּרַנֵּן Psalms 51:16, 3 mpl. יְרַנְּנוּ Psalms 84:3 +, יְרַנֵּנ֑וּ Psalms 5:12 +; 3 fpl. תְּרַנֵּ֫נָּה Psalms 71:23 (van d. H. תְּרַנֵּנָה), etc.; Imv. mpl. רַנְּנוּ Isaiah 52:9 +; Inf. abs. רַנֵּן Psalms 132:16, cstr. id. Isaiah 35:2;—give a ringing cry, in joy, exultation, especially in praise to י׳, Jeremiah 31:12; Jeremiah 51:48; Isaiah 26:19; Isaiah 35:2 (+ גִּילַת, v. גִּילַה), Isaiah 52:8 (‖ נָשָׂא קוֹל), v Isaiah 52:9 (+ פָּצַח); elsewhere only ψψ: Psalms 5:12 (‖ שָׂמַח, עָלַץ), Psalms 67:5; Psalms 90:14; Psalms 95:5 (c. ב rei; all ‖ ש׳ alone); Psalms 149:5 (‖ עָלַז); Psalms 98:4 (‖ הֵרִיעַ; + פָּצַח, זִמֵּר), Psalms 132:9; Psalms 145:7, רַנֵּן יְרַנֵּנ֑וּ Psalms 132:16; c. acc. of theme Psalms 51:16; Psalms 59:17 (‖ שִׁיר); בי׳ Psalms 33:1; ב rei Psalms 20:6; Psalms 63:8; Psalms 89:13; c. לי׳ Psalms 95:1 (‖ הֵרִיעַ), אֶל־אֵל Psalms 84:3, (מִ)לפני י׳ Psalms 96:12 (‖ עָלַז) = I Chronicles 16:33 (‖ עָלַץ), Psalms 98:8; subj. שְׂפָתַיִם Psalms 71:23 (‖ זִמֵּר).

Impf. 3 ms. impers. לֹא יְרֻנָּן Isaiah 16:10 no ringing cry shall be given (‖ יְרֹעָ֑ע).

Impf. cause to ring out for joy, 1 s. לֵב אַלְמָנָה אַרְנִן Job 29:13; 2 ms. מוֹצָאֵי בֹקֶר וָעֶרֶב תַּרְנִין Psalms 65:9; Imv. mpl. הַרְנִינוּ ring out a cry of Joy Psalms 32:11 (‖ שׂמח, גיל), לי׳ Psalms 81:2 (‖ הריע); c. acc. of theme, עַמּוֹ Deuteronomy 32:43 (v. Dr; cf. Pi.).—Hithpō. Psalms 78:65 v. רון.

רְנָנָה

n.f. id.;—ר׳ abs., of joy Job 3:7 Psalms 100:3 (‖ שִׂמְחָה); pl. שִׂפְתֵי רְנָנוֹת Psalms 63:6; exultation, sg. cstr. רִמְנַת רְשָׁעִים Job 20:5 (‖ שִׂמְחָה).

רִנָּה

n.f. ringing cry;—abs. ר׳ Jeremiah 7:16 +; sf. רִנָּתִי Psalms 17:1 +, רִנָּתָם Jeremiah 14:12 +;—ringing cry:

in entreaty, supplication, to י׳, I Kings 8:28 = II Chronicles 6:19; Jeremiah 7:16; Jeremiah 11:14 Psalms 17:1; Psalms 61:2; Psalms 88:3 (all + תְּפִלָּה), Psalms 106:44; Psalms 119:169; Psalms 142:7; Jeremiah 14:12.

in proclamation I Kings 22:36.

in joy, especially praise to י׳, + שִׂמְחָה Isaiah 35:10; Isaiah 51:11 (+ שָׂשׂוֹן); + תְּהִלָּה II Chronicles 20:22, + שָׂשׂוֹן Psalms 105:43, + תּוֹדָה Psalms 107:22, + עלץ Proverbs 11:10; ‖ שְׂהוֹק Psalms 126:2; opp. בְּכִי, etc. Psalms 30:6; Psalms 126:6, cf. v Psalms 126:5; קוֹל ר׳ Isaiah 48:20 Psalms 42:5 (+ תּוֹדָה), Psalms 47:2; Psalms 118:15 (+ יְשׁוּעָה); פָּצַח ר׳ Isaiah 14:7; Isaiah 44:23; Isaiah 49:13; Isaiah 54:1; Isaiah 55:12; of י׳’s joy over Zion Zephaniah 3:17;—בָּאֳנִיּוֹת רִנָּתָם Isaiah 43:14 in the ships of their ringing cry, in which they exulted, but dub.; Hi Ew בַּאֲנִיּוֹת (bring down) into mourning their ר׳; cf. Kit-Di Du Che^Hpt. Marti.

רִנָּה²

n.pr.m. in Judah I Chronicles 4:20; Ανα, A Ραννων, 𝔊L Ρεννα.

רְנָנִים

n.[m.] pl. bird of piercing cries, i.e. ostrich, according to 𝔙 Bo Di and most, בְּנַף ר׳ Job 39:13, but read prob. יְעֵנִים Hoffm Bu Du (as Lamentations 4:3 Qr), v. [יָעֵן].

רֶ֫סֶן

n.m. ^{Isaiah 30:28}: 1. halter; 2. Jaw (?);—

abs. ר׳ Psalms 32:9 restraining mouth of horse or ass (+ מֶתֶג); fig. of שֵׁם י׳, ר׳ עַל־לְחָיֵי עַמִּים Isaiah 30:28; ר׳ מִפָּנַי שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ Job 30:11, i.e. threw off restraint.

sf. כֶּפֶל רִסְנוֹ Job 41:5 the double of his jaw, his double jaws (of croc.), si vera l.; connexion of meanings strange, ‖ פְּנֵי לְבוּשׁוֹ, whence GHB Wright Du conj. סִרְיּנוֹ.

רֶ֫סֶן²

n.pr.loc. in Assyria, near Nineveh Genesis 10:12; Δασεμ (prob. = rêš êni, head of spring; cf. Dl^{Pa 261} COT Genesis 10:12).

רַע

v. I. רעע. i. רֵעַ v. רוע.

רֵעַ²

v. II, III. רעה.

רָעֵב

vb. be hungry (NH id. Hiph. and deriv.; Assyrian rûbatu, hunger; Arabic رَغُبَ be roomy, voracious, رَغِبَ desire vehemently; Ethiopic ርኅበ be hungry);—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Isaiah 9:19; Isaiah 44:12; 3 pl. רָעֵ֑בוּ Psalms 34:11; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְעַב Isaiah 8:21, 1 pl. נִרְעֵב Jeremiah 42:14, etc.;—be hungry Isaiah 8:21 Genesis 41:55 (E; of land, = have famine), Jeremiah 42:14 (לַלֶּחֶם), Isaiah 49:10 (‖ צמא), Isaiah 65:13 (‖ id.; opp. אכל), Psalms 50:12 if I should be hungry (of י׳), Proverbs 6:30; Proverbs 19:15.

: allow one to hunger, subj. י׳: Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּרְעִבֶ֑ךָ Deuteronomy 8:3 (opp. וַיַּאֲכִֽלְךָ), יַרְעִיב נֶפֶשׁ Proverbs 10:3.

רָעָב

n.m. Genesis 26:1 famine, hunger;—abs. ר׳ Genesis 12:10 +; sf. רְעָבָם Nehemiah 9:15;

famine (in land, nation or city), Genesis 12:10; Genesis 26:1; Genesis 41:30, Genesis 41:31 Exodus 16:3 II Samuel 21:1; II Samuel 24:13 = II Kings 4:38; II Kings 6:25 +; שְׁנֵי(הָ)ר׳ Genesis 41:27, Genesis 41:30, Genesis 41:36, שְׁנַת ר׳ v Genesis 41:50, but also שָׁנִים ר׳ [שָׁלוֹשׁ] שֶׁבַע II Samuel 24:13 (on gender v. Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 103}) = I Chronicles 21:12; c. חזק (be) severe Genesis 41:56, Genesis 41:57 I Kings 18:2; II Kings 25:3 = Jeremiah 52:6, חזק עַל Genesis 47:20; c. כָבֵד Genesis 12:10; Genesis 47:4, Genesis 47:13; גָּדוֹל II Kings 6:25; זַעלעֲפוֹת ר׳ Lamentations 5:10; מְזֵי ר׳ Deuteronomy 32:24 + Isaiah 5:13 (v. [מָזֶה]), תַּחֲלוּאֵי ר׳ Jeremiah 14:18, חַלֲלֵי ר׳ Lamentations 5:9, אֲסֻפֵי ר׳ Ezekiel 34:29; חִצֵּי הָר׳ Ezekiel 5:16; as scourge of י׳ (+ חֶרֶב, דֶּבֶ, etc.; especially Je Ez), Jeremiah 5:12; Jeremiah 11:22; Jeremiah 14:12; Jeremiah 21:7, Jeremiah 21:9 Ezekiel 5:2; Ezekiel 6:11, Ezekiel 6:12 +, etc.; fig. of lack of י׳’s word Amos 8:11.

hunger, of individual Jeremiah 38:9 Deuteronomy 28:48 (+ צָסָא, etc.), II Chronicles 32:11 (+ id.).

רָעֵב²

adj. hungry;—abs. ר׳ II Samuel 17:29 +; fs. רְעֵבָה Psalms 107:9 Proverbs 27:7; mpl. רְעֵבִים I Samuel 2:5 +;—hungry (sometimes + עָמֵא, עָיֵף), II Samuel 17:29 II Kings 7:12 Isaiah 8:21 Proverbs 25:21 Psalms 107:5; נֶפֶשׁ רְעֵבָה v Psalms 107:9 Proverbs 27:7; as subst. sg. a hungry man Isaiah 29:8; Isaiah 32:6; Isaiah 58:7, Isaiah 58:10 Ezekiel 18:7, Ezekiel 18:16 Job 5:5 (Bev^{JPhil. xxvi. 304} proposes רָעָב, cf. Ezekiel 7:15) Ezekiel 22:7, pl. I Samuel 2:5 (opp. שְׂבֵעִים בַּלֶּהֶם), Job 24:10 (‖ עָרוֹם), Psalms 107:36; Psalms 146:7; יְהִי־רָעֵב אֹנוֹ Job 18:12 (fig.) his strength grows hungry, i.e. fails (𝔙 Ew Di al.); 𝔖 De Bu Du (reading אָוֶן) al. his trouble grows hungry (i.e. ravenous for him), but ר׳ never elsewhere in this sense.

רְעָבוֹן

n.[m.] hunger, lack of food, famine;—cstr. רַעֲבוֹן בָּֽתֵּיכֶם Genesis 42:19, Genesis 42:33 (E); abs. בִּימֵי רְעָבוֹן Psalms 37:19.

רַ֫עַד

n.m. trembling;—יִרְאָה וָר׳ יָבֹא בִי Psalms 55:6; יֹאחֲזֵמוֹ רָ֑עַד Exodus 15:15.

רְעָדָה

n.f. id.; subj. of אָֽחֲזָה Isaiah 33:14 Psalms 48:7; ‖ יִרְאָה Psalms 2:11; ‖ פַּחַד Job 4:14.

רָעָה

vb. pasture, tend, graze (Assyrian rêʾû vb. pasture, n. ruler, TelAm. ruh̬i (as Canaanism) Wkl^{No. 181, 11}; Arabic رَدَى, Ethiopic ርዕየ Aramaic רְעָא, ܪܥܳܐ, all = BH);—

Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְרָעָה Micah 5:3 +, 1 s. sf. consec. וּרְעִיתִים Ezekiel 34:13, 3 pl. sf. consec. וְרָעוּם Jeremiah 23:4, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְעֶה Isaiah 27:10 +, juss. יֵרַע Job 20:26, sf. יִעֶנָּה Psalms 80:14, וַיִּרְעֵם Psalms 78:72 (וַיִּר׳ Hiph. van d. H.), etc.; Imv. ms. רְעֵה Micah 7:14 +, sf. רְעֵם Psalms 28:9; fs. רְעִי Song of Songs 1:8; mpl. רְעוּ Genesis 29:7; Inf. cstr. לִרְעוֹת Genesis 37:12 +, etc.; Pt. רֹעֶה Genesis 30:36 +, sf. רֹעִי Psalms 23:1 +; fs. רֹעָה Genesis 29:9 Proverbs 25:19, etc.;—

trans.

pasture, tend (pascere), lit., c. acc. צֹאן Genesis 30:31, Genesis 30:36; Genesis 37:12 (all J), Exodus 3:1 (E), I Samuel 17:15; I Samuel 25:16 Isaiah 61:5, acc. of asses Genesis 36:24 (P), kids Song of Songs 1:8; acc. (צפּאן) om. Genesis 29:7; Genesis 37:13 (ב loc.) v Genesis 37:16 (all J), Song of Songs 1:7 (‖ חִרְבִּיץ), Job 24:2 (𝔊 Me Siegf Bu וְרֹעוֹ);—metaph. גֹּרֶן וָיֶקֶב לֹא יִרְעֵם Hosea 9:2, but read יֵדָעֵם 𝔊 We Now GASm; מָוֶת יִרְעֵם Psalms 49:15.

fig. of י׳, acc. pers., Genesis 48:15 (E) God, who shepherded me; c. acc. of people, as flock Hosea 4:16 Isaiah 40:11 Micah 7:14 (בְּשִׁבְטֶ֑ן), Ezekiel 34:13 (pregn., c. אֶל loc.), v Ezekiel 34:14, Ezekiel 34:15 (+ הִרְבִּיץ), v Ezekiel 34:16 Psalms 28:9.

fig. of ruler, and teacher, acc. of people, as flock, II Samuel 5:2 = I Chronicles 11:2; II Samuel 7:7 = I Chronicles 17:6, Psalms 78:72 Jeremiah 3:15; Jeremiah 23:2, Jeremiah 23:4; Ezekiel 34:2, Ezekiel 34:3, Ezekiel 34:8, Ezekiel 34:10, Ezekiel 34:23^(×2); Zechariah 11:4, Zechariah 11:7^(×2), Zechariah 11:9; of guiding, שִׂפְתֵי צַדִּיק יִרְעוּ רַבִּים Proverbs 10:21; c. ב of people Psalms 78:71; abs. Micah 5:3; c. acc. pers. reflex. pastured (fed, enriched) themselves Ezekiel 34:2, Ezekiel 34:8, Ezekiel 34:10

especially pt. רֹעֶח, etc., as subst. = shepherd, herdsman: (1) lit., רֹעֵה צֹאן Genesis 4:2; Genesis 46:32, Genesis 46:34; Genesis 47:3 (all J), רֹעֶח בַּצּ׳ Genesis 37:2 (E), I Samuel 16:11; I Samuel 17:34; רֹעֵי מִקְנֶה Genesis 13:7^(×2) (J); (ה)ר׳ alone, sg. Amos 3:12 + 7 times (all in sim.); רֹעָה shepherdess, Genesis 29:9 (J); כִּלִי רֹעֶה אֱוִילִי Zechariah 11:15 (v. כְּלִי 2 c), as symbol; pl. (הָ)רֹעִים Amos 1:2; Exodus 2:17, Exodus 2:19 (J), I Samuel 21:8 (אַבִּיר הָר׳; Gr Dr Bu Kit Löhr א׳ הָרָצִים; 𝔊 Lag^{BN 45} HPS אֹבִּיל הָעֲיָרִים, but cf. We) + 8 times + Isaiah 31:4 (sim.), Isaiah 38:12 (read רֹעִים for רֹעִי Perles²⁹ Du Che^Hpt cf. Di), cf. (sf.) Genesis 13:8^(×2) (J); כְּלִי הָרֹעִים I Samuel 17:40 (v. כְּלִי 3);—בֵּית־עֵקֶד הָרֹעִים, v. p. 112. (2) fig. of ruler (as often Assyrian; cf. Gk. (Homer) ποιμένα λαῶν), abs. sg. Jeremiah 17:16 fig. of prophet (but Aq Symm 𝔖 Gie Du Co מֵרָעָה). Zechariah 10:2; Zechariah 11:16; Zechariah 13:7 + 8 times Je Ez; sf. of י׳, דֹעִי Isaiah 44:28 (of Cyrus), Zechariah 13:7 (read רֹעִי הָאֱוִילִי We Now GASm); abs. pl. Isaiah 56:11; Jeremiah 2:8; Jeremiah 3:15; Micah 5:4 Zechariah 10:3; Zechariah 11:5, Zechariah 11:8 + 18 times Je Ezekiel 34, + (of Assyrian leaders) Nahum 3:18; רֹעֵי יִשׂ׳ Ezekiel 34:2; רֹעֵי צֹאנוֹ Isaiah 63:11 (but read רֹעֵה [of Moses] 𝔊 𝔗 Di Du al.). (3) epith. of י׳: י׳ רֹעִי Psalms 23:1, רֹעֵה יִשׂ׳ Psalms 80:2, רֹעֶה אֶבֶן יִשׂ׳, Genesis 49:24 (poem in J; read cstr. רֹעֵה, cf. Comm.); מֵרֹעֶה אֶחָד Ecclesiastes 12:11 DeWild, < president of assembly of sages Siegf SS

intrans. feed, graze:

lit. of cows, sheep, etc.: c. ב loc. Genesis 41:2, Genesis 41:18 (E), I Chronicles 27:29; c. acc. of pasture Isaiah 30:23; c. עַל loc. Zephaniah 2:7 (עֲלֵי הַיָּם for MT עֲלֵיהֶם, v. Now); אֶל־מוּל loc. Exodus 34:3 (J); abs. Isaiah 5:17; Isaiah 11:7 (‖ רבץ; but v. II. רעה infr.) Isaiah 27:10 (‖ id.), Isaiah 65:25 Jonah 3:7; Job 1:14.

fig. of idolater, Isaiah 44:20 he feedeth on ashes (acc.); cf. Hosea 12:2 Ephr. feedeth on wind (acc.); פִּי כְסִילִים יִר׳ אִוֶּלֶת Proverbs 15:14 (so Vrss Qr; Kt פני for פי) the mouth of fools feeds on folly (Toy; Buhl √ II. רעה, Gerber ¹⁶² sub III. רעה); in Ct, c. ב loc., fig. of lover Song of Songs 2:16; Song of Songs 6:2, Song of Songs 6:3; of breasts (like gazelles) Song of Songs 4:5.

fig., of Isr. as flock Isaiah 14:30 (‖ רבץ), read (י—ַ)בְּכָרִי in my pasture(s), for MT בְּכוֹרֵי, Koppe Ew Di Du (otherwise Che^Hpt., cf. Marti); Zephaniah 3:13 (‖ id.); c. עַל־דְּרָכִים Isaiah 49:9; c. acc. of pasture-land Jeremiah 50:19; Micah 7:14; Ezekiel 34:14 (+ אֶל loc.), v Ezekiel 34:18, Ezekiel 34:19; hence crop, strip, i.e. devastate, of conqueror, c. acc. of land Micah 5:5, cf. אֶת־יָדוֹ Jeremiah 6:3; so יִרְעוּךְ קָדְקֹד Jeremiah 2:16; acc. of Isr. under fig. of vine (subj. foes, as beasts) Psalms 80:14.

subj. wind, c. acc. pers. Jeremiah 22:22, i.e. drive them away; subj. fire, c. acc. rei, יֵרַע Job 20:26, but read perhaps יֵרָע, Niph. (Ol Di Hoffm Siegf Bu; otherwise Du).—רֹעֶה עֲקָרָה Job 24:21 is difficult; Bu הֵרַע for ר׳; more radical conj. in Du.

poss. Job 20:26, v. 2 d supr.

Psalms 78:72 van d. H., v. 1 c supr.

רְעִי

n.[m.] pasture;—עֶשְׂרִים בָּקָר ר׳ I Kings 5:3 twenty cattle (from) pasture (v. Ges^{§ 131 c}; Kit בְּקַר).

רָעָה²

vb. prob. associate with (cf. Schulthess^{69 ff.} but also Nö^{ZMG liv (1900), 154 f.}; Assyrian ruʾa, ruttu, neighbour, fellow (m. et f.; cf. Jäger^{BAS i.483, 486}); so Bed. أُرْعُوَّةٌ master, owner, Wallin^{ZMG v (1851), 9} Jayakar^{JA xxi. 851}; Ethiopic መርዓ: marriage; Arabic رَاعِى, راعيها, Ethiopic አርዑት: yoke; NH רֵעוּת friendship is from BH רֵעַ);—

Imv. ms. וּרְעֵה אֱמוּנָה Psalms 37:3 cherish faithfulness (Hup-Now RV Che Du Dr); > feed securely (Bae; i. רעה; feed on (his) faithfulness Am RV); Pt. רֹעֶה כְסִילִים Proverbs 13:20 one associating with fools, so ר׳ זֹלְלִים Proverbs 28:7, ר׳ זוֹנוֹת Proverbs 29:3 (Thes al. think these fig. from I. רעה, v. 2 b).

2 ms. אַל־תִּתְרַע אֶת־בַּעַל אָ֑ף Proverbs 22:24 do not make companionship with a bad-tempered man; perhaps also 3 fpl. תִּתְרָעֶינָה Isaiah 11:7 (Lag^{Or i. 21; Deceased Wife’s Sister 399} Brd Du Che^Hpt) cow and bear shall be each other’s companions; + Inf. cstr. הִתְרָעֹת Proverbs 18:24 (Toy, for MT הִתְרֹעֵעַ) there are [יֵשׁ for אִישׁ] friends (merely) to be companions (v. II. רעע ad fin.).

רֵעֶה

n.m. friend (cf. Sta^{§ 184} Lag^{BN 156} Ba^{§ 12 a});—cstr. in term. techn. רֵעֶה הַמֶּלֶךְ (Ges^{§ 93 ll} Kö^{ii. l, 78 f.}) I Kings 4:5 (= רֵעַ I Chronicles 27:33), cf. רֵעֶה דָּיִד II Samuel 15:37; II Samuel 16:16; ins. also II Samuel 15:32 (cf. v II Samuel 15:37) 𝔊 We Dr al.; in simple sense Proverbs 27:10 Kt (Qr רֵעַ; cf. Kö^l.c.).

רָעָה³

vb. denom.

be a special friend;—Pf. 3 ms. מֵרֵעֵהוּ אֲשֶׁר רֵעָה לוֹ Judges 14:20 his comrade who had been ‘best man’ (GFM) to him.

רוּת²

n.pr.f. Ruth (for רְעוּת, i.e. friendship, Syriac ܪܥܽܘܬ, Thes Lag^{BN 84, 156; Or. ii. 41} Kö ^{ii. 1, 481});—Moabitess, ancestress of David, Ruth 1:4, Ruth 1:14, Ruth 1:16, Ruth 1:22; Ruth 2:2, Ruth 2:8, Ruth 2:21, Ruth 2:22; Ruth 3:9; Ruth 4:5, Ruth 4:10, Ruth 4:13; Ρουθ.

רְעוּ

n.pr.m. (proposes name of a god, Duval ^{ZA vi. 126} Mez^{Ḥarrân 23}, cf. Hom ^{A. u. A ii. 208});—son of Peleg: Genesis 11:18, Genesis 11:19, Genesis 11:20, Genesis 11:21 (P), I Chronicles 1:25; Ραγαυ.

רְעוּאֵל

n.pr.m. Ραγουηλ:

Moses’ father-in-law Exodus 2:18 (J; 𝔊L Ιοθορ), Numbers 10:29 (JE); elsewhere יִתְרוֹ q.v.

Edomite Genesis 36:4, Genesis 36:10, Genesis 36:13, Genesis 36:17^(×2) (P), ‖ I Chronicles 1:35, I Chronicles 1:37.

Gadite Numbers 2:14, v. דְּעוּאל p. 396.

Benjamite I Chronicles 9:8.

רֵעַ⁴

n. [m.] purpose, aim;—sf. רֵעִי Psalms 139:2 (of man), pl. sf. רֵעֶיךָ v Psalms 139:17 (of E†l).

רַעְיוֹן

n. [m.] id.;—cstr., רַעְיוֹן רוּחַ Ecclesiastes 1:17, הֶבֶל וְר׳ רוּחַ Ecclesiastes 4:16 (cf. foreg.), בְּכָל־עֲמָלוֹ וּבְר׳ לִבּוֹ Ecclesiastes 2:22.

רַ֫עַל

n.[m.] reeling;—only סַף־ר׳ Zechariah 12:2 goblet of reeling (fig. of Jerusalem).

רְעֵלָיָה

n.pr.m. companion of Zerub., Ezra 2:2 (Ρεελεια, 𝔊L Δεμίου), = רַעַמְיָה Nehemiah 7:7 (Νααμια, א Δαεμια, 𝔊L Δαιμίας, A Ρεελμα).

רַ֫עַם

n.[m.] thunder;—ascribed to י׳: ר׳ abs. Isaiah 29:6, בְּסֵתֶר רַ֑עַם Psalms 81:8 (Baer Gi; i. e. thunder-cloud); sf. קוֹל רַעַמְךָ Psalms 77:19; Psalms 104:7; cstr. רַעַם גבורתו Job 26:14 (fig. of י׳’s display of might; opp. שֵׁמֶץ); fig. of captins, ר׳ שָׂרִים Job 39:25, i.e. thunderous shouting (+ תְּרוּעָה).

רָעַם

vb.denom. thunder;—

make the sound of thunder, thunder: Impf. 3 ms. יִרְעַם let the sea thunder (in praise, ‖ שׂמח, גיל, עלז, הריע, מחא כף, רנן) Psalms 96:11 = I Chronicles 16:32, Psalms 98:7.—Pf. 3 pl. רָֽעֲמוּ פָּנִים Ezekiel 27:35 is dub.: faces tremble (Toy are convulsed), or they tremble (cf. Hi-Sm Krae; AV RV are troubled) in face, lacks etym. support (otherwise Gerber⁴⁷, but v. √ supr.); 𝔊 𝔖 Co דָּֽמְעוּ פְּנֵיהֶם.

(Gerber⁴⁷) thunder, cause thunder;—Pf. 3 ms. הִרְעִים Psalms 29:3; Impf. 3 ms. יַרְעֵם (on—ֵ v. Kö^{i, 210}) Psalms 18:14 +; וַיַּרְעֵם I Samuel 7:10; 2 ms. תַּרְעֵם Job 40:9; I Samuel 1:6 v. infr.;—thunder, of י׳ (God) I Samuel 2:10; I Samuel 7:10 (both c. עַל pers. against whom), Psalms 18:14 = II Samuel 22:14, Psalms 29:3 Job 37:4, Job 37:5, cf. Job 40:9.—הְרְּעִמָהּ I Samuel 1:6 is appar. Inf. cstr. sf. (Ges§ ^{20 h; 22 s}), but not understood by 𝔊 and dub.: AV RV to make her fret, cf. Aramaic utter (loud) complaints (Weir in Dr^{Sm 291}); perhaps corrupt HPS.

רַעְמָא

v. ii. רַעְמָה.

רַעְמָה

(Gi^{Intr. 127 f.}) n.f. vibration? quivering mane? of horse’s neck: Job 39:19 hast thou clothed his neck (with) ר׳? so most, but very uncertain.

רַעְמָה²

(Gi^{Intr. 124 ff.}) n.pr.m. ‘son’ of Cush, ה—ָ Genesis 10:7^(×2) = א—ָ I Chronicles 1:9^(×2) (Baer, v. his note; van d. H. Gi ה—ָ v b); Ρεγχμα, Ρεγμα; ה—ָ as trading people Ezekiel 27:22, Ραμα, Ραγμα. Identified by many with city Ῥεγ(α)μα (Ptol ^{vi. 7, 14}), ῾Ρηγμα (Steph. Byz.), in SE. Arabia, on Pers. Gulf (so even DHM^{ZMG xxx (1876), 122} Glas^{Skizze ii. 251, 325}), but this is رجمة in inscr. (Glas^{ib. 252}); < Sab. רעֿמה near Meʿîn in SW. Arabia (Hom^{Südar. Chrest. 131} Hal ^{535, 11}, cf. DHM^l.c.); perhaps = Ῥαμμανῖται of Strabo ^{xvi. 4. 24}, v. Di Genesis 10:7.

רַעַמְיָה

(? thunder of י׳) Nehemiah 7:7 v. רְעֵלָיָה.

רָעַן

vb. only Paʿlel. be or grow luxuriant, fresh, green;—Pf. 3 fs. רַעֲנָ֑נָה (De ^Hiob) Job 15:32 (of branch, in fig.).

רַעֲנָן

adj. luxuriant, fresh;—m. ר׳ Deuteronomy 12:2 +; f. רַעֲנָנָה Song of Songs 1:16; mpl. רַעֲנַנִּים Psalms 92:15;—luxuriant, of trees: בְּרוֹשׁ Hosea 14:9, זַיִת Psalms 52:10 (both sim.), Jeremiah 11:16 (fig.); sim. also, כְּאֶזְרָה ר׳ Psalms 37:35 (but read כְּאֶרֶז הַלְּבָנוֹן 𝔊 and most); especially in phrase תַּחַת כָּל־עֵץ ר׳ place of idolatrous rites, Deuteronomy 12:2; I Kings 14:23; II Kings 16:4 = II Chronicles 28:4; II Kings 17:10; Jeremiah 2:20; Jeremiah 3:6, Jeremiah 3:13; Isaiah 57:5; Ezekiel 6:13; עַל־עֵץ ר׳ Jeremiah 17:2 (si vera l.); leaf v Jeremiah 17:8 (fig.); leafy couch Song of Songs 1:16; fresh, oil Psalms 92:11; fresh, flourishing, pers. (fig., as trees) v Psalms 92:15 (+ דְּשֵׁנִים).

רֹעַ

n.[m.] badness, evil;—ר׳ abs. Genesis 41:19 + 4 times Je; cstr. Hosea 9:15 + 13 times;—

badness, bad quality, of cattle Genesis 41:19 (E), figs Jeremiah 24:2, Jeremiah 24:3, Jeremiah 24:8; Jeremiah 29:17.

wilfulness, רֹעַ לבב I Samuel 17:28 (Gerber¹⁶¹ makes 2 and 4 [inf. of] vb.).

ethical, evil, badness, only in phr.: רֹעַ מעללים evil of doings Deuteronomy 28:20; Isaiah 1:16; Jeremiah 4:4; Jeremiah 21:12; Jeremiah 23:2, Jeremiah 23:22; Jeremiah 25:5; Jeremiah 26:3; Jeremiah 44:22; Hosea 9:15 Psalms 28:4 (cf. רַע מעללים I Samuel 25:3).

sadness, ר׳ פָּנִים Ecclesiastes 7:3, ר׳ לֵב Nehemiah 2:2 (cf. [רַעַע] 2).

רַע²

I. רַע₂₂₆ adj. bad, evil (distinction from n., and vb. Pf. 3 ms., is sometimes not easy, and opinions differ);—ms. רַע Genesis 6:5 +; רָ֑ע Genesis 31:24 +; pl. רָעִים Genesis 13:13 +; cstr. רָעֵי Ezekiel 7:24 (del. Co); fs. רָעָה Genesis 37:2 + 37 times (this form usually noun), pl. רָעוֹת Genesis 28:8 + 14 times; רָעֹת Genesis 41:27 (18 times noun);—

bad, disagreeable, malignant: of a woman, רָעָה בְּעֵינֵי Exodus 21:8 (E; perhaps, with changed accent, vb. 3 fs. רָ֫עָה) disagreeable, unpleasing in the eyes of, pl. Genesis 28:8 (P); of poisionous herb II Kings 4:41, malignant boils Deuteronomy 28:35; Job 2:7, diseases Deuteronomy 7:15; Deuteronomy 28:59; II Chronicles 21:19 Ecclesiastes 6:2, deadly sword Psalms 144:10, arrows Ezekiel 5:16, severe judgments Ezekiel 14:21, wonders Deuteronomy 6:22; מַלְאֲכֵי רָעִים Psalms 78:49 = fierce messengers (of God; Ew^{§ 287 a} Ges^{§ 130 e}), wild beasts Genesis 37:20, Genesis 37:33 (JE) Leviticus 26:6 (H) Ezekiel 5:17; Ezekiel 14:15, Ezekiel 14:21; Ezekiel 34:25; unclean thing Deuteronomy 23:10.

bad, unpleasant, giving pain, unhappiness, misery: ימים רעים evil days (of trial and hardship) Genesis 47:9 (P) Proverbs 15:15; עִנְיָן רע Ecclesiastes 1:13; Ecclesiastes 5:13; עִנְיַן Ecclesiastes 4:8, cf. Ecclesiastes 2:17; Ecclesiastes 9:3; הַמַּעֲשֶׂה הָרָע Ecclesiastes 4:3; הדבר הרע evil report Exodus 33:4 (J), so דִּבָּה רָעָה Genesis 37:2 (JE) Numbers 14:37 (P), שׁם רע Deuteronomy 22:14, Deuteronomy 22:19; Nehemiah 6:13, שְׁמוּעָה רָעָה Jeremiah 49:23 Psalms 112:7; of things: painful discipline Proverbs 15:10, evil occurrence I Kings 5:18, evil(-bringing) net Ecclesiastes 9:12, instruments Isaiah 32:7: כל הדבר הרע Joshua 23:15 (D) all evil (injurious) things; רַע it is bad, harmful Isaiah 3:11; Jeremiah 2:19; of speech, דבּר, רע או טוב Genesis 24:50 (J) in prov., speak bad or good = anything at all, טטוב עד רע Genesis 31:24, Genesis 31:29 (E), לְמֵרָע ועד טוב II Samuel 13:22, of the divine spirit as producing an ecstatic state of frenzy and violence I Samuel 16:14, I Samuel 16:15, I Samuel 16:16, I Samuel 16:23; I Samuel 18:10; I Samuel 19:9 (see רוּחַ 9).

evil, displeasing עָשָׂה רָ֔ע בְּעֵינֵי סַרְנֵי פְלִשְׁתִּים I Samuel 29:7.

bad of its kind, land Numbers 13:19 (J), place Numbers 20:5 (JE), waters II Kings 2:19, figs Jeremiah 24:2, Jeremiah 24:3^(×2), Jeremiah 24:8, kine Genesis 41:3, Genesis 41:4, Genesis 41:19, Genesis 41:20, Genesis 41:21, Genesis 41:27 (E), מוּם רע Deuteronomy 15:21, cf. Deuteronomy 17:1.

bad, i. e. of low value Leviticus 27:10^(×2), Leviticus 27:12, Leviticus 27:14, Leviticus 27:33 (H), cf. Malachi 1:8^(×2); רַע רַע יֹאמַר הַקּוֹנֶה Proverbs 20:14^(×2).

+ מִן comp., worse than, II Samuel 19:8; as superl., רָעֵי גוֹיִם Ezekiel 7:24 worst of nations (del. Co).

sad, unhappy: לֶב־רָ֑ע sad heart (cf. opp. טוב, יטב) Proverbs 25:20; of face Genesis 40:7 (E) Nehemiah 2:2; רע לְפָנָין v Nehemiah 2:1.

הָשַׁב מַחֲשֶׁבֶת(ה)רָעָה devise evil (hurtful) device Ezekiel 38:10; Esther 9:25.

bad, unkind, vicious in disposition or temper: וְלֵב־רָ֑ע when the mind is vicious, harmful Proverbs 26:23; רַע עָ֑יִן one evil of eye Proverbs 23:6; Proverbs 28:22; רוּחַ רָעָה Judges 9:23 bad temper.

ethically bad, evil, wicked:

in gen., אם טוב ואם רע Ecclesiastes 12:14 whether good or bad.

of persons, אישׁ רע I Samuel 30:22; אדם רע Psalms 140:2; המן הרע הזה Esther 7:6 this wicked Haman, so רָ֑ע = evil man Psalms 10:15, Job 21:30; Proverbs 11:21; Proverbs 12:13; Proverbs 24:20, רָעִים = evil men Genesis 13:13 (J) Jeremiah 6:29; Jeremiah 15:21; Ezekiel 30:12 Job 35:12; Proverbs 4:14; Proverbs 12:12; Proverbs 14:19; Proverbs 15:3; רָעוֹת evil women Jeremiah 2:33; שׁכנים רעים Jeremiah 12:14 evil neighbours; of הַדּוֹר Deuteronomy 1:35, הָעָם Jeremiah 13:10; הָעֵדָה Numbers 14:27, Numbers 14:35 (P), המשׁפחה Jeremiah 8:3; רַע כְּעֵינֵי י׳ wicked in the eyes of י׳ Genesis 38:7 (JE) = I Chronicles 2:3; עָשָׂה הָרָע בְּעֵינֵי י׳ Numbers 32:13 (R) Deuteronomy 4:25; Deuteronomy 9:18; Deuteronomy 17:2; Deuteronomy 31:29; Judges 2:11 + 48 times, + (c. sf. of God) II Kings 21:15 Isaiah 65:12; Isaiah 66:4; Jeremiah 7:30; Jeremiah 32:30 Psalms 51:6; II Samuel 12:9, prob. also Jeremiah 18:10 (read הָרָע for הָרָעָה).

of thoughts, יֵצֶר Genesis 6:5; Genesis 8:21 (J), הַלֵּב הָרָע Jeremiah 3:17; Jeremiah 7:24; Jeremiah 11:8; Jeremiah 16:12; Jeremiah 18:12; words, רעות Proverbs 15:28.

deeds, actions, עשׂה (כ)דבר הרע Deuteronomy 13:12; Deuteronomy 17:5; Deuteronomy 19:20; Nehemiah 13:17; עשׂה הרעות Jeremiah 3:5; דבר רע Psalms 64:6; Psalms 141:4 Ecclesiastes 8:3, Ecclesiastes 8:5; דברים I Samuel 2:23; II Kings 17:11; דֶּרֶךְ I Kings 13:33; Jeremiah 18:11; Jeremiah 23:22 + 11 times; דרכים II Kings 17:13; II Chronicles 7:14; Ezekiel 20:44; Ezekiel 33:11; Ezekiel 36:31; Zechariah 1:4; מעשׂינוּ Ezra 9:13; מעללים Zechariah 1:4 Nehemiah 9:35 (cf. רֹעַ 4); בֶּצַע רע Habakkuk 2:9; מרוצתם Jeremiah 23:10; (ה)תועבות (ה)רעות Ezekiel 6:11; Ezekiel 8:9 (del. Co); כִּי רָעוֹת בִּמְגוּרָם Psalms 55:16 for evil deeds are in their dwelling.

רַע³

n.m. Job 30:26 evil, distress, misery, injury, calamity;—abs. רַע Numbers 11:1 +, בְּרָע Exodus 5:19 +, רָ֑ע Genesis 48:16 +;—

evil, distress, adversity: יָרֵא רַע fear evil Psalms 23:4 Zephaniah 3:15; בּוֹרֵא רָ֑ע Isaiah 45:7 (of God), הביא רע Isaiah 31:2; מתאננים רַע Numbers 11:1 (J) murmuring respecting distress (see Di); אם טוב ואם רע Jeremiah 42:6 whether prosperity or adversity; יוֹם רע Amos 6:3 day of calamity; יְמֵי רע Psalms 49:6; Psalms 94:13; כי טוב קויתי ויבא רע Job 30:26; בְּרָע in adversity Exodus 5:19 (E) Psalms 10:6; יִפֹּל בְּרָ֑ע Proverbs 13:17; אֶרְאֶה בָרָ֑ע Genesis 44:34 (J); בכל־רע Proverbs 5:14, מכל רע Genesis 48:16 (E) Psalms 121:7; v. also Micah 1:12 Psalms 140:12 Job 5:19; Job 31:29; Proverbs 12:21; Proverbs 19:23.

evil, injury, wrong: Habakkuk 2:9; Job 2:10; Proverbs 21:10; עשׂה רע, + עִם pers. Genesis 31:29 (E); ל pers. Jeremiah 39:12; as obj. of חשּׁב Hosea 7:15, חרשׁ Proverbs 6:14; Proverbs 12:20; Proverbs 14:22, השׁיב Psalms 54:7, גמל Psalms 7:5 Proverbs 31:12, בקּשׁ Proverbs 17:11, שׁלּם Proverbs 20:22, אמר Psalms 41:6, דבּר Psalms 109:20; דבּר בְּרָע Psalms 73:8 speak about injury; לֹא יִתְנַכֵּא טוֹב כִּי אִם רָ֑ע I Kings 22:8, I Kings 22:18 = 2 Ch (II Chronicles 18:7 לְרָעָה), II Chronicles 18:17 לְרָ֑ע; לרע for harm, injury Isaiah 59:7; Jeremiah 7:6; Jeremiah 25:7 Psalms 56:6 Proverbs 1:16; Proverbs 21:12; Ecclesiastes 8:9; רַע יֵרוֹעַ Proverbs 11:15 (but read רֹעַ Gr SS, v. Toy).

ethical evil, Deuteronomy 30:15; II Samuel 14:17; Isaiah 5:20; Amos 5:14; Micah 7:3 + 10 times; עשׂה רע II Kings 21:9; II Chronicles 12:14; II Chronicles 33:9; Nehemiah 9:28 + 8 times; פֹּעֲלֵי רע Micah 2:1; אהב רע Micah 3:2 (Qr), Psalms 52:5; שׂנא רע Amos 5:15 Psalms 97:10 Proverbs 8:13; מאס רע Psalms 36:5; מאס ברע Isaiah 7:15, Isaiah 7:16; בִּעֵר הרע מִן consume evil from Deuteronomy 13:6 + 8 times Dt; לֹא יְגֻרְךָ רָ֑ע Psalms 5:5 (adj. = evil man Hup De al.); ידע טוב ורע Genesis 2:9, Genesis 2:17; Genesis 3:5, Genesis 3:22 (all J), Deuteronomy 1:39; סר מֵרָע Isaiah 59:15 Psalms 34:15; Psalms 37:27; Proverbs 3:7 + 8 times; כי ברע הוא Exodus 32:22 (J) he is set on evil; רע רשׁעים Psalms 7:10; רע מעללים I Samuel 25:3, cf. Micah 3:4 (v. רֹעַ 3); דִּבְרֵי רָע deeds of evil Jeremiah 5:28; תַּהְפֻּכוֹת רָ֑ע Proverbs 2:14; אֹרַח רע Psalms 119:101; עֲצַת רע Ezekiel 11:2; מֵחְשְׁבוֹת רע Proverbs 15:26; אִישׁ רע Proverbs 29:6; אַנְשֵׁי רע Proverbs 28:5; אֵשֶׁת רע Proverbs 6:24 (but read רֵעַ Gr Bi Toy).

רָעָה⁴

n.f. evil, misery, distress, injury;—abs. ר׳ Genesis 26:29 +; cstr. רָעַת Genesis 6:5 +; sf. רָֽעָתִי Psalms 35:4 +; רָעָֽתְךָ I Kings 2:44 +; רָֽעָתֵכִי Jeremiah 11:15 (text dub.); רָֽעַתְכֶם I Samuel 12:17, etc.; pl. רָעוֹת Deuteronomy 31:17 +; רָעֹת Jeremiah 44:9 Exodus 23:2; sf. רָעוֹתֵיכֶם I Samuel 10:19 +, etc.;—

evil, misery, distress: פַּחַד רָעָה Proverbs 1:33, באה (ה)רעה Ezekiel 7:5^(×2); c. עַל Isaiah 47:11 (read באה for בא), Jeremiah 5:12 + 5 times; c. אֶל Jeremiah 2:3; Jeremiah 51:60; †הביא רעה Jeremiah 4:6 I Kings 21:29; + אֶל II Samuel 17:14 + 8 times K Je; + עַל I Kings 9:9 = II Chronicles 7:22, Jeremiah 19:3 + 6 times Je + 8 times; + אֶל et על Jeremiah 19:15; Jeremiah 36:31; יוֹם רעה Jeremiah 17:17, Jeremiah 36:18 + 5 times; יְמֵי הרעה †Ecclesiastes 12:1 (i.e., spring days, fatal to old people, Wetzst in De ^{Koh. 447}); רָעוֹת evils Deuteronomy 31:17^(×2), Deuteronomy 31:21 (JE), Deuteronomy 32:23 (poem), Psalms 34:20; Psalms 40:13; Psalms 88:4; עֵת רָעָה Amos 5:13; Jeremiah 2:27, Jeremiah 2:28 + 5 times; †ראה ברעה Numbers 11:15 (JE) Obadiah 1:13; Esther 8:6; †ראה רעה Jeremiah 44:17 Psalms 90:15; Proverbs 22:3 = Proverbs 27:12; †יפול ברעה Proverbs 17:20; Proverbs 28:14; †בְּרָעָה Jeremiah 44:29 (J) Proverbs 14:32; Proverbs 24:16; Nehemiah 1:3; I Chronicles 7:23 Psalms 107:26; ברעותיכם Psalms 141:5; נִחַם עַל רָעָה Exodus 32:12, Exodus 32:14 (J) Jeremiah 8:6 + 6 times; c. אֶל II Samuel 24:16; Jeremiah 26:3, Jeremiah 26:13, Jeremiah 26:19; Jeremiah 42:10.

evil, injury, wrong: †עשׂה רעה II Samuel 12:18; Jeremiah 26:19; Jeremiah 41:11; c. עִם Genesis 26:29 (J) Judges 15:3; II Samuel 13:16; c. את Judges 11:27; c. ל I Samuel 6:9; I Kings 2:44 + 4 times; c. אֶל Jeremiah 44:7; obj. of vbs. חשׁב Genesis 50:20 (E) Jeremiah 36:3; Jeremiah 48:2 + 7 times; †חרשׁ I Samuel 23:9; Proverbs 3:29; הֵשִׁיב Genesis 50:15 (E) Judges 9:56, Judges 9:57 + 4 times; †גמל Genesis 50:17 (E) I Samuel 24:18 (I Samuel 24:17); Isaiah 3:9; Proverbs 3:30; בקשׁ Numbers 35:23 (P); I Samuel 24:10 (I Samuel 24:9); I Samuel 25:26 + 4 times; †שׁלּם Genesis 44:4 (J); Jeremiah 18:20; Jeremiah 51:24 Psalms 35:12; Psalms 38:21; לְרָעָה for harm Genesis 31:52; Exodus 23:2 (E); Deuteronomy 29:20; Judges 2:15; II Samuel 18:32; Jeremiah 21:10 + 8 times Je, Amos 9:4; Zechariah 1:15; Proverbs 6:18; Ecclesiastes 5:12; בְּרָעָתֶ֑ךָ II Samuel 16:8 in thy mischief; בְּרָעָה Exodus 32:12 (J) for mischief; רָעָה רַבָּה Ecclesiastes 2:21; רָעָה חוֹלָה Ecclesiastes 5:12, Ecclesiastes 5:15.

ethical evil, I Samuel 12:17, I Samuel 12:19; I Samuel 24:12; I Samuel 26:18; Isaiah 47:10; Jeremiah 2:19 + 13 times Je, + 18 times, + foll.: עָשָׂה (הָ)רָעָה Genesis 39:9; Deuteronomy 31:18 (J) + 5 times + Jeremiah 18:10 (Kt, but Qr רע); מַעֲשֵׂה רעה Ecclesiastes 8:11; אהב רעה Micah 3:2 (Kt); שׁוּב מרעה Jeremiah 18:8; Jeremiah 23:14; Jeremiah 44:5; בִּעֵר רעה מ׳ Judges 20:13 (v ii. רַע 3); מִפְּנֵי רָעָה Jeremiah 7:12; Jeremiah 44:3; מפני רָעַת רעתכם Hosea 10:15; בגלל ר׳ Jeremiah 11:17; על כל ר׳ Jeremiah 1:16; Jeremiah 32:32; Jeremiah 33:5; מֵר׳ Psalms 107:34 Jeremiah 12:4; אַנְשֵׁי רָעָה Proverbs 24:1.

רָעַע

vb. denom. be evil, bad;—

Pf. 3 ms. רַע Numbers 22:34 + 3 times, רָ֑ע Numbers 11:10; 3 fs. רָעָה Deuteronomy 15:9 (Exodus 21:8 v. i. רַע); Impf. 3 ms. יֵרַע (Ges^{§ 67 p}) Genesis 21:12 +; 3 fs. תֵּרַע Deuteronomy 28:54, Deuteronomy 28:56; 3 mpl. יֵרְעוּ Nehemiah 2:3;—

be displeasing: רַע בְּעֵינֵי Numbers 11:10; Numbers 22:34 (J), Joshua 24:15 (E), Jeremiah 40:4; Proverbs 24:18 (c. וְ consec.) impf. יֵרַע בְּעֵינֵי Genesis 21:11, Genesis 21:12 (E), Genesis 48:17 (J), I Samuel 8:6; I Samuel 18:8; II Samuel 11:25; later, וַיֵּרַע אֶל Jonah 4:1 or וירע לְ Nehemiah 2:10 (intensified by רָעָה גְדוֹלָה), וַיֵּרַע לִי מְאֹד Nehemiah 13:8.

be sad: ירע לבב Deuteronomy 15:10; I Samuel 1:8; יֵֽרְעוּ פָנַי Nehemiah 2:3.

be injurious, evil: וַיֵּרַע לְ Psalms 106:32 it went ill with Moses, pers. subj. II Samuel 20:6; רַעָה עַיִן be grudging, c. ב pers., Deuteronomy 15:9; Deuteronomy 28:54, Deuteronomy 28:56.

be evil, wicked, ethically: וַיֵּרַע בְּעֵינֵי י׳ Genesis 38:10 (J); II Samuel 11:27; Isaiah 59:15; בְּעֵינֵי אֱלֹהִים I Chronicles 21:7.

suffer hurt: Impf. 3 ms. יֵרוֹעַ (רַע) Proverbs 11:15; Proverbs 13:20.

₇₀ Pf. 3 ms. הֵרַע Exodus 5:23 +; 2 ms. הֲרֵעוֹתָ I Kings 17:20, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָרֵעַ Zephaniah 1:12, וַיָּ֫רַע I Kings 16:25; 2 ms. תָּרַע Psalms 44:3 +, etc. inf. abs. הָרֵעַ I Samuel 12:25 I Chronicles 21:17; cstr.הָרַע Genesis 31:7 + 8 times, הָרֵ֑עַ Isaiah 1:16 + 4 times; Pt. מֵרַע Isaiah 9:16; Proverbs 17:4; pl. מְרֵעִים Isaiah 1:4 +;—

do an injury, hurt: abs. Genesis 44:5 (J), Isaiah 11:9 = Isaiah 65:25; Jeremiah 31:28; Proverbs 4:16; Proverbs 24:8; opp. היטיב Isaiah 41:23; Jeremiah 10:5; Zephaniah 1:12 (all in prov. phr. = do anything at all, cf. רָע 2); הרע ל Genesis 19:9; Genesis 43:6; Exodus 5:22, Exodus 5:23; Numbers 11:11 (J) Numbers 20:15; Joshua 24:20 (E) + 5 times; c. acc. pers. Numbers 16:15 (J) + 4 times; c. בְּ, I Chronicles 16:22 = Psalms 105:15 (c. ל), Jeremiah 25:29 Psalms 74:3; c. עִמָּדִי Genesis 31:7 (E); c. על I Kings 17:20; c. ל + inf. Jeremiah 16:12; swear לְהָרַע, = to one’s hurt, Psalms 15:4; Leviticus 5:4 (P); Pt. = subst. לְבָבָם לְמֵרָע Daniel 11:27 (shall be) for mischief.

do evil, wickedly: abs. Genesis 19:7 (J) I Samuel 12:25^(×2) + 6 times; opp. היטיב Jeremiah 4:22; Jeremiah 13:23; c. מִן comp., I Kings 14:9; I Kings 16:25; II Kings 21:11; Jeremiah 7:26; Jeremiah 16:12; c. acc. הֵרֵעוּ מַעַלְלֵיהֶם Micah 3:4, cf. I Samuel 25:3; Pt. מֵרַע evil doer, Isaiah 9:16; Proverbs 17:4; pl. Jeremiah 20:13; Jeremiah 23:14 Psalms 27:2 + 7 times; זֶרַע מ׳ Isaiah 1:4; Isaiah 14:20; בית מ׳ Isaiah 31:2; עֲדַת מ׳ Psalms 22:17; קְהַל מ׳ Psalms 26:5; סוֹד מ׳ Psalms 64:3.

רָעַע²

vb. break (Aramaic loan-word = Heb. רָצַץ q.v.);—

Pf. 3 pl. רָעוּ Jeremiah 11:16; Impf. 3 ms. יָרֹעַ Jeremiah 15:12; Job 34:24, 2 ms. sf. תְּרֹעֵם Psalms 2:9 (but v. infr.); inf. abs. רֹ֫עָה Isaiah 24:19 (del. ה as dittogr. and read רֹעַ, v. Hithpōʿ.); Pt. f. רֹעָה (? for רֹעֲעָה) Proverbs 25:19:—

trans. הֲיָרֹעַ כַּרְזֶל בַּרְזֶל וגו׳ Jeremiah 15:12 can one break iron, iron out of the north? cf. יָרֹעַ כַּבִּירִים Job 34:24; תְּרֹעֵם בְּשֵׁבֶט בַּרְזֶל Psalms 2:9 (but read תִּרְעֵם, v. I. רעה, 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Hup-Now al.).

intrans. break = be broken, of branches Jeremiah 11:16 (in fig.; Gf Or al.; > Hi Gie are in a sad state, √ I. רעע); שֵׁן רֹעָה Proverbs 25:19 a broken tooth (ר׳ = רֹעֲעָה?; Frankenb Niph. Pt. נְרָעָה, cf. Toy, but Niph. not elsewhere; Vrss רָעָה bad).—רֹ֫עוּ Isaiah 8:9 read דְּעוּ (𝔊 Lo Che al., ‖ הַאֲזִינוּ).

Pf. 3 fs. + Qal inf. abs. (v. supr.) רֹעַ הִתְרֹעֲעָה הָארץ Isaiah 24:19 the earth is broken asunder (‖ פּוֹר הִתְפּוֹרְרָה, מוֹט הִתְמוֹטְטָה); also inf. cstr. לְהִתְרוֹעֵעַ Proverbs 18:24 will be broken in pieces (Ges^{§ 114 i}), ruined, De al., but < read לְהִתְרָעוֹת Vrss Toy al., v. II. רעה Hithp. (see, however, Dr^{Expos. Times xi (1899–1900), 230 f.}).

רָפָא

vb. heal (NH in deriv.; Ph. רפא, Syriac ܪܦܳܐ heal; on Aramaic n.pr. cpd. with רפא v. Nö^{ZMG xl (1886), 723} Lzb ³⁶⁹; Sab. n.pr. אלרפא Langer ^{1, 1} DHMZMG ^{xxxvii (1883), 326}; Arabic رَفَأَ (and رَفَا) darn, mend, repair, pacify; Ethiopic ረፍአ stitch together, mend; cf. Küchenmeister ^{ZWiss. Th. xxx (1887), 257 ff.});—

Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְר׳ Isaiah 6:10, sf. וּרְפָאָם Isaiah 19:22, 1 s. sf. consec. וּרְפָאתִיו Isaiah 57:19, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְפָּא II Kings 20:8 +, sf. יִרְפָּאֵנוּ Hosea 6:1, Hosea 6:1 s. אֶרְפָּא Hosea 14:5 +, אֶרְפָּה (Ges^{§ 75 pp}) Jeremiah 3:22; Jeremiah 3:3 fpl. תִּרְפֶּינָה (id.^{ib. qq}) Job 5:18, etc.; Imv. ms. רְפָא Numbers 12:13, רְפָה (id.^{ib. pp}) Psalms 60:4, רְפָאָ֫ה Psalms 41:5, etc.; inf. abs. רָפוֹא Isaiah 19:22; cstr. לִרְפֹּא Hosea 5:13, etc.; Pt. רֹפֵא (פֶ K ³) II Kings 20:5 +;—heal:

lit.,

of God, c. acc. pers. Genesis 20:17 (E), Psalms 107:20 (sf.), c. ל pers. Numbers 12:13 (JE) II Kings 20:5, II Kings 20:8.

of men, abs. Ecclesiastes 3:3 (opp. הרג); pt. as subst. healer, physician, Genesis 50:2^(×2), (J) II Chronicles 16:12.

fig., heal hurts of nation, involving י׳’s (restored) favour (and, often, forgiveness):

subj. י׳, c. sf. pers., Hosea 6:1; Hosea 11:3 (yet cf. We Now), Exodus 15:26 (J), Isaiah 19:22; Isaiah 57:18, Isaiah 57:19 Jeremiah 33:6 Psalms 30:3, cf. Psalms 6:3; c. acc. עַם II Chronicles 30:20, c. acc. אֶרֶץ II Chronicles 7:14; c. ל of nation Hosea 7:1, and (indef. subj.) Isaiah 6:10 (lest) one heal them (= pass., they be healed); c. acc. of hurt, מַחַץ מַכָּתוֹ Isaiah 30:26, שְׁבָרִים (of land) Psalms 60:4, so מְשׁוּבָה Hosea 14:5; Jeremiah 3:22 (incl. the consequences of backsliding); c. ל of hurt Psalms 103:3; acc. nation (personif.) + מִן of hurt Jeremiah 30:17 I will heal thee of thy wounds (‖ אֶרְפָּאֵךְ); abs. Isaiah 19:22 (opp. נגף), Deuteronomy 32:39 (opp. מחץ); pt. as subst. healer, physician Jeremiah 8:22.

human subj., c. ל of nation, Hosea 5:13, cf. Lamentations 2:13.

fig., heal individ. distresses, c. sf. pers. Jeremiah 17:14, c. acc. נַפְשִׁי = me Psalms 41:5, c. ל pers., לִשְׁבוּרֵי לֵב Psalms 147:3 (i.e. longing exiles, cf. Isaiah 61:3); abs. Job 5:18 (opp. מחץ);

pt. as subst Job 13:4.

Pf. 3 ms. נִרְפָּא Leviticus 13:37 +, 3 fs. נִרְפָּ֑תָה (Ges^{§ 75 qq}) Jeremiah 51:9; 3 pl. וְנִרְפּאוּ consec. Ezekiel 47:8; Impf. 2 ms. תֵּרָפֵא Jeremiah 51:8; 3 mpl. יֵרָֽפְאוּ Ezekiel 47:9, Ezekiel 47:11, וַיֵּרָפוּ (Ges^l.c.) II Kings 2:22, etc.; inf. cstr. הֵרָפֵא Jeremiah 15:18 +, הֵרָפֵה (id.^ib.) Jeremiah 19:11;—be healed:

lit., of pers. I Samuel 6:3; + acc. of disease Deuteronomy 28:27, Deuteronomy 28:35; subj. disease Leviticus 13:18, Leviticus 13:37; Leviticus 14:3, Leviticus 14:48; of (bad) water II Kings 2:22, salt waters (prediction), i.e. be made fresh, Ezekiel 47:8, Ezekiel 47:9, Ezekiel 47:11; of (broken) pottery, i.e. be made whole, Jeremiah 19:11 (in sim.).

fig., be healed:

of national hurts, subj. city Jeremiah 51:8, Jeremiah 51:9; involving forgiveness and י׳’s blessing, impers. c. ל of people, נִרְפָּא־לָנוּ Isaiah 53:5 i.e. healing has come to us.

of personal distress, subj. pers. Jeremiah 17:14, subj. the distress Jeremiah 15:18.

Pf. 1 s. רִפִּאתִי II Kings 2:21; 2 mpl. רִפֵּאתֶם Ezekiel 34:4; 1 pl. רִפִּאנוּ Jeremiah 51:9; Impf. 3 ms. יְרַפֵּא Exodus 21:19; Zechariah 11:16, וַיְרַפֵּא I Kings 18:30; 3 mpl. וַיְרַפְּאוּ Jeremiah 6:14, וַיְרַפּוּ (Ges^{§ 75 qq}) Jeremiah 8:11; inf. abs. רַפֹּא Exodus 21:19;—have healed, heal, usually human subj.:

lit., רַפֹּא יְרַפֵּא Exodus 21:19 he shall have (him) well healed; c. acc. of altar, = repair, I Kings 18:30; c. ל of water (subj. י׳) II Kings 2:21.

fig. of healing national defects and hurts, acc. pers., Ezekiel 34:14; Zechariah 11:16; work at healing, treat (acc. of hurt) Jeremiah 6:14; Jeremiah 8:11 (both עַל־נְקַלָּה, v. [קָלַל] Niph. 2), Jeremiah 51:9.

inf. cstr. of purpose, לְהִתְרַפֵּא, lit., in order to get healed, + מִן of wounds II Kings 8:29 = II Kings 9:15, so ‖ II Chronicles 22:6 (read with 𝔊 מִן for כִּי, cf. Be Kau Benz).—v. רָפָה relax.

רָפָא²

n.pr.m. in Benj., I Chronicles 8:2, Ραφη[α].—II. רָפָא v. רפה.—Vid. also בֵּית ר׳ p. 112.

רְפָאִים

v. sub רפה.

רָפָה

n.pr.m. in Saul’s line I Chronicles 8:37, Ραφαι(α), 𝔊L Αραχα; v. רְפָיָה.—II. ר׳ v. רפה.

רָפוּא

n.pr.m. in Benj., Numbers 13:9, Ραφου[αυ].

רְפֻאָה

n.f. remedy, medicine;—pl. abs. רְפֻאֹת Ezekiel 30:21 Jeremiah 30:13, -וֹת Jeremiah 46:11 (all fig.).

רִפְאוּת

n.f. healing;—ר׳ abs. Proverbs 3:8 (fig.).

רְפָיָה

n.pr.m.

in David’s family I Chronicles 3:21, Ραφαλ, A 𝔊L Ραφαια.

in Simeon, I Chronicles 4:42, Ραφαια(ς).

in Issachar, I Chronicles 7:2, Ραφαρα, A 𝔊L Ραφαια.

descendant of Saul I Chronicles 9:43, Ραφαια, 𝔊L Αραχα (= רָפָה I Chronicles 8:37).

post-ex. name Nehemiah 3:9, Ραφαια(ς).

רָפָה²

vb. sink, relax (NH id., so Aramaic רפא (der. spec.), Zinj. רפה Aph., ܪܦܳܐ; Arabic رَفَاهَة an easy life is perhaps akin);—

Pf. 3 ms. Judges 19:9 (yet v. infr.); 3 fs. רָֽפְתָה Judges 8:3 Jeremiah 49:24, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְפֶּה Isaiah 5:24, וַיִּ֫רֶף Exodus 4:26 (v. infr.), etc.;—

sink down, of hay in flame Isaiah 5:24; sink, decline, of day Judges 19:9 (si vera l.; 𝔊L κέκλικεν, GFM נָטָה [but how expl. the difficult רפה?]). Usually

sink, drop (of wings, v. Pi.), of hands, c. מִן Nehemiah 6:9 their hands will drop from the work (in fear); elsewhere abs. fig. = lose heart, energy, II Samuel 4:1; Isaiah 13:7; Jeremiah 6:24; Jeremiah 50:43; Ezekiel 7:17; Ezekiel 21:12; Zephaniah 3:16; II Chronicles 15:7; יָדַיִם om. Jeremiah 49:24.

relax, abate, of temper Judges 8:3 (+ מֵעַל pers.).

relax, withdraw, subj. י׳, מִן pers. Exodus 4:26 (J), i.e. let one alone (but read perhaps וַיֶּרֶף, v Hiph.).

Pt. pl. נִרְפִּים idle Exodus 5:18, Exodus 5:17 (J).

Pf. 3 ms. רִפָּה Job 12:21; Impf. 3 fpl.; תְּרַפֶּינָה Ezekiel 1:24, Ezekiel 1:25; Pt. מְרַפֵּא (Ges^{§ 75 rr}) Jeremiah 38:4; pl. מְרַפִּים Ezra 4:4;—causat.: let wings drop Ezekiel 1:24, Ezekiel 1:25 (read Qal, כנפיהם subj., 𝔊 Co Toy Krae al., who del. in v Ezekiel 1:25); loosen and let drop, girdle of mighty, fig. for weaken them Job 12:21; c. acc. hands, fig. for enfeeble, dishearten Jeremiah 38:4; Ezra 4:4.

Impf., 3 ms. sf. יַרְפְּךָ Deuteronomy 4:31 +; juss. 2 ms. תֶּ֫רֶף Joshua 10:6 +, etc.; Imv. ms. הַרְפֵּה Judges 11:37; II Kings 4:27; הֶ֫רֶף Deuteronomy 9:14 +; mpl. הַרְפּוּ Psalms 46:11;—causat.,

let drop, the hand II Samuel 24:16 = I Chronicles 21:15; fig., + מִן pers., = abandon, Joshua 10:6 (JE); perhaps also (יָד om.) = relax, refrain Exodus 4:26 (reading וַיֶּרֶף, v Qal.); acc. rei, = abandon, forsake, Nehemiah 6:3, so (subj. י׳) Psalms 138:8; subj. י׳, c. acc. pers., Deuteronomy 4:31; Deuteronomy 31:6, Deuteronomy 31:8; Joshua 1:5 (D), I Chronicles 28:20.

let go, sf. pers., Song of Songs 3:4 (opp. אחז); fig., acc. (om.) מוּסָר, Proverbs 4:13 (opp. החזיק), צְדָקָה Job 27:6 (opp. id.).

refrain, c. מִן pers., = let one alone Judges 11:37; Deuteronomy 9:14, מִן of anger Psalms 37:8; c. ל pers. I Samuel 11:3; II Kings 4:27; acc. pers. Job 7:19; abs. let alone, i.e. do nothing, be quiet, I Samuel 15:16 Psalms 46:11 (cf. Weir in Dr 18 15, 16).—Jeremiah 3:22; Job 5:18 Psalms 60:4 v. רָפָא.

Pf. 2 ms. הִתְרַפִּית Proverbs 24:10 hast shewn thyself slack; Pt. מִתְרַפֶּה Proverbs 18:9 one shewing himself slack, pl. מִתְרַפִּים Joshua 18:3.—Vid. also רָפָא heal.

רָפֶה

adj. slack;—abs. ר׳, of people, Numbers 13:18 (J); cstr. רְפֵה יָדַיִם II Samuel 17:2, i.e. weak (‖ יָגֵעַ); fpl. יָדַיִם רָפוֹת fig. of discouragement and fear Isaiah 35:3; Job 4:3. cf. √ Qal. 2.

רָפָה³

II. רָפָא as n.pr.m., always c. art. Hā-Rāphā (perhaps der. from n.pr.gent. II. רְפָאִים, q.v.);—הָֽרָפָה II Samuel 21:16, II Samuel 21:18, c. prep. לְהָ׳ v II Samuel 20:22 = לְהָרָפָא I Chronicles 20:6, I Chronicles 20:8;—only as parent, בִּילִידֵי הָר׳ II Samuel 21:16, II Samuel 21:18 (= מִילִידֵי הָֽרְפָאִים I Chronicles 20:4); יֻלַּד לְהָר׳ v II Samuel 21:20, II Samuel 21:22 ‖ I Chronicles 20:6, I Chronicles 20:8.—1. רָפָה v. sub רָפָא.

רְפָאִים²

n.m. ^{Job 26:5} pl. shades, ghosts (by most connected with above √, as sunken, powerless, ones, Sta^{G. i. 420}; Ph. רפאם);—Wisd. lit. and late, name of dead in Sh^eʾôl, c. art. הָר׳ Job 26:5, elsewhere nearly = n.pr.: ר׳ Isaiah 14:9 (in Sh^eʾôl), Isaiah 26:14 (‖ מֵתִים), Psalms 88:11 (‖ id.), Proverbs 2:18 (‖ מָוֶת), Proverbs 9:18 (in עִמְקֵי שְׁאוֹל), קְחַל רְפָאִים Proverbs 21:16; of righteous Isr. Isaiah 26:19 earth shall cast forth ר׳ (‖ מֵתֶיךָ).

רְפָאִים³

n.pr.gent. old race of giants (perhaps = I. ר׳, as extinct and powerless; v. especially WRS in Dr Deuteronomy 2:11; or as shadowy, vaguely known, SchwallyZAW ^{xviii (1896), 127 ff.} v. also Sta^l.c.);—ancient inhab. of Canaan [W. of Jordan?], Genesis 15:20; Joshua 17:15 (JE), cf. I Chronicles 20:4 (v. II. רָפָה supr.); hence עֵמֶק ר׳, plain S. of Jerus. II Samuel 5:18, II Samuel 5:22; II Samuel 23:13; I Chronicles 11:15; I Chronicles 14:9; Isaiah 17:5; Joshua 15:8; Joshua 18:16 (P); ר׳ E. of Jordan Deuteronomy 2:11 (‖ עֲנָקִים; tall, cf. v Deuteronomy 2:10), v Deuteronomy 2:20 (‖ id.; tall; = Zamzummim); in Bashan, Genesis 14:5, Og the last of them Deuteronomy 3:11 (of huge size), Joshua 12:4; Joshua 13:12 (D); אֶרֶץ ר׳ Deuteronomy 2:20; Deuteronomy 3:13. 𝔊 Ραφαειν[μ]; οἱ γίγαντες Genesis 14:5 + 4 times; τῶν Τιτάνων II Samuel 5:18, II Samuel 5:22 + (𝔊L) II Samuel 23:13.

רְפָיָה²

n.pr.m. v. sub רפא. רִפְיוֹן v. רפה.

ר֫פֶשׁ

n.[m.] mire;—Isaiah 57:20 (+ טִיט).

רָץ

רָצָא

vb. si vera l., ‖ form of רוּץ run, inf. abs. רָצוֹא Ezekiel 1:14, but read יָצוֹא (יֵֽצְאוּ) Hi-Sm Co Toy, cf. Krae Berthol al.; 𝔊 om. verse and most mod. think interpol.—Vid. also רצה.

רָצָה

vb. be pleased with, accept favourably (NH id., will, be willing; Arabic رَضِىَ (orig. و) be well pleased with, Nö^{ZMG liv (1900), 155}; Sab. רצֿו favour CIS ^{iv. no. 77, 9 al.}, cf. Hom^{Südar. Chrest. 123}, רצֿים good, acceptable, CIS ^{iv, no. 73, 9. al.}, of a coin, good, id.^{ib. no. 21, 5}; Aramaic ܪܥܳܐ רְעָא, ܪܥܳܐ have pleasure in, cf. II. רָעָה supr.);—

Pf. 3 ms. ר׳ Ecclesiastes 9:7; sf. רָצָם Jeremiah 14:10; Jeremiah 14:1 s. וְרָצִאתִי Ezekiel 43:27 consec. (metapl. Ges^{§ 75 rr}; Aramaism, Krae; but Co וְרָצִיתִי), etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְצֶה Psalms 147:10 +, sf. יִרְצְךָ Malachi 1:8; 3 fs. juss. תִּ֫רֶץ Leviticus 26:43; Leviticus 26:3 fpl. תִּרְצֶנָה Proverbs 23:26 Kt (< Qr תִּצֹּרְנָה, √ נצר, cf. Toy), etc.; Imv. רְצֵה Psalms 40:14; Psalms 119:108; inf. cstr. רְצוֹת Proverbs 16:7 Psalms 77:8, etc.; Pt. רוֹצֶה Psalms 147:11; Psalms 149:4, sf. רֹצָם Jeremiah 14:12; pass. רָצוּי Esther 10:3, cstr. רְצוּי Deuteronomy 33:24;—

be pleased with, favourable to:

of God, c. acc. pers. Isaiah 42:1 Psalms 44:4; Psalms 147:11; Job 33:26; c. acc. rei Psalms 85:2 I Chronicles 29:17; Proverbs 16:7; Ecclesiastes 9:7; c. ב pers. Psalms 149:4; ב rei Psalms 147:10; Haggai 1:8; abs. Psalms 77:8.

of men: c. acc. pers., subj. father Malachi 1:8, ‖ אהב Proverbs 3:12; of brother Genesis 33:10 (JE), monarch II Chronicles 10:7; c. acc. rei Psalms 62:5; Psalms 102:15; Job 14:6; Proverbs 23:26 (but v. supr.); c. בְּ rei I Chronicles 29:3 Psalms 49:14; עִם pers. Job 34:9 Psalms 50:18; pt. pass. רָצוּי favoured, acceptable to Deuteronomy 33:24 (poem), Esther 10:3.

accept: of God, c. acc. pers., sacrificing, II Samuel 24:23; Hosea 8:13; Jeremiah 14:10, Jeremiah 14:12; Ezekiel 20:40, Ezekiel 20:41; Ezekiel 43:27; c. acc. of sacrifice Deuteronomy 33:11; Malachi 1:10, Malachi 1:13 Psalms 51:18; Psalms 119:108; c. בְ of sacrifice Micah 6:7; abs. Amos 5:22.

be pleased:

determined, c. inf. Psalms 40:14.

c. בּ pers. I Chronicles 28:4.

make acceptable, satisfy (by paying off debt), subj. land, paying off its sabbaths (Di Dr al. accept, be satisfied with [in payment]) Leviticus 26:34, Leviticus 26:43; II Chronicles 36:21, c. acc. of guilt incurred (עָוֹן) Leviticus 26:41, Leviticus 26:43 (< point all these as Hiph., so SS Gerber).

Pf. 3 ms. נִרְצָה Leviticus 1:4 Isaiah 40:2; Impf. 3 ms. יֵרָצֶה Leviticus 7:18 +, etc.;—

pass. of Qal 2, be accepted, of sacrifices, c. ל pers., Leviticus 1:4; Leviticus 22:25; c. ל of sacrifice Leviticus 22:23, Leviticus 22:27; abs. Leviticus 7:18; Leviticus 19:7.

pass. of Qal 4: נִרְצָה עֲוֹנָהּ Isaiah 40:2 her punishment is accepted (as satisfactory).

Impf. 3 mpl. יְרַצּוּ Job 20:10, c. acc. דַּלִּים seek the favour of the poor (but Bu SS Gerber from רצץ).

Pf. 3 fs. וְהִרְצָת (Ges^{§ 75 m}) consec. Leviticus 26:34 the land shall pay off her sabbaths (acc.), cf. Qal 4.

Impf. 3 ms. יִתְרַצֶּה I Samuel 29:4 with what shall he make himself acceptable unto (אֶל) his lord? + 3 mpl. יִתְרַצּוּ Hosea 4:10 𝔊 We Now (for MT יפרצו) they shall not have delight.

רָצוֹן

n.[m.] goodwill, favour, acceptance, will;—abs. ר׳ Deuteronomy 33:23 +; cstr. רְצוֹן Psalms 145:19 +; sf. רְצוֹנִי Isaiah 60:10, רְצֹנוֹ Daniel 8:4 +, etc.;—

goodwill, favour:

of God, Deuteronomy 33:16; Isaiah 60:10 Psalms 5:13; Psalms 30:6, Psalms 30:8; Psalms 51:20; Psalms 89:18; Psalms 106:4; Proverbs 8:35; Proverbs 12:2; Proverbs 18:22; עֵת ר׳ Isaiah 49:8 Psalms 69:14; יוֹם ר׳ Isaiah 58:5; שְׁנַת־ר׳ Isaiah 61:2; ‖ בְּרָכָה Deuteronomy 33:23; opp. תּוֹעֵכָה Proverbs 11:1, Proverbs 11:20; Proverbs 12:22; Proverbs 15:8.

of men: in gen. Proverbs 10:32; Proverbs 11:27; Proverbs 14:9; of kings v Proverbs 14:35 Proverbs 16:13, Proverbs 16:15; Proverbs 19:12.

acceptance, of persons, offering sacrifice, לרצון לפני יהוה Exodus 28:38 (P); c. ל pers. for acceptance for him before י׳; c. sf. pers. לרצנוֹ Leviticus 1:3; abbrev. לְרָצוֹן לָכֶם Leviticus 22:20, לרצנכם Leviticus 19:5; Leviticus 22:19, Leviticus 22:29; Leviticus 23:11, לרצון Leviticus 22:21 Isaiah 56:7; Jeremiah 6:20 Psalms 19:15 (of words; cf. Hosea 14:3); על רצון Isaiah 60:7 (read לְ, so Codd., v. Gi, also Du), רצון Malachi 2:13.

will, desire, pleasure:

of God, עשׂה ר׳ do his will Ezra 10:11 Psalms 40:9; Psalms 103:21; Psalms 143:10.

of man, עשׂה כרצונוֹ do according to his will, exactly as he pleased, Daniel 8:4; Daniel 11:3, Daniel 11:16, Daniel 11:36; Nehemiah 9:24; Esther 1:8; Esther 9:5, cf. Nehemiah 9:37; desire Psalms 145:16, Psalms 145:19 II Chronicles 15:15; = self-will Genesis 49:6 (poem).

רָצַח

vb. murder, slay (NH (rare, also in deriv.) = BH; cf. Arabic رَضَحَ, رَضَخَ break, bruise, crush);—

Pf. 3 ms. consec. זְר׳ Numbers 35:27, וּרְצָחוֹ Deuteronomy 22:26; 2 ms. (הֲ)רָצַחְתָּ I Kings 21:19; Impf. 3 ms. יִרְצַח Numbers 35:30; Deuteronomy 4:42; 2 ms. (-צַח) תִּרְצָ֑ח Exodus 20:13 = Deuteronomy 5:17; inf. abs. רָצֹחַ Hosea 4:2; Jeremiah 7:9; Pt. act. רֹצֵחַ Deuteronomy 19:3 +, רוֹ׳ Deuteronomy 4:42 +;—murder, slay, with premeditation, Exodus 20:13 (E) = Deuteronomy 5:17; Hosea 4:2; Jeremiah 7:9; I Kings 21:19 (all abs.); c. acc. pers. Deuteronomy 22:26, unawares Deuteronomy 4:42; slay as avenger Numbers 35:27, Numbers 35:30 (P; ‖ הֵמִית v Numbers 35:19, Numbers 35:21); especially pt. as subst. = slayer, manslayer, without intent, Deuteronomy 4:42; Deuteronomy 19:3, Deuteronomy 19:4, Deuteronomy 19:6; also in P: Numbers 35:6, Numbers 35:11, Numbers 35:12, Numbers 35:25, Numbers 35:26, Numbers 35:27, Numbers 35:28; Joshua 20:3, Joshua 20:5, Joshua 20:6; Joshua 21:13, Joshua 21:21, Joshua 21:27, Joshua 21:32, Joshua 21:26 (van d. H., Baer, v Joshua 21:33 Gi; all P); murderer, with intent, Numbers 35:16^(×2), Numbers 35:17^(×2), Numbers 35:18^(×2), Numbers 35:19, Numbers 35:21^(×2), Numbers 35:30, Numbers 35:31; also Job 24:14.

Impf. 1 s. אֵרָצֵחַ Proverbs 22:13 I shall be slain; Pt. fs. as adj. אִשָּׁה הַנִּרְצָחָה Judges 20:4 the murdered woman.

(intens.) murder, assassinate: 3 mpl. יְרַצְּחוּ Hosea 6:9 (abs.), יְרַצֵּ֑חוּ Psalms 94:6 (acc. pers., ‖ הָרַג); Psalms 62:4 v. infr.; Pt. מְרַצֵּחַ, as subst. II Kings 6:32 murderer, assassin; pl. מְרַצְּחִים Isaiah 1:21 assassins.

Impf., 2 mpl. תְּרָצְּחוּ Psalms 62:4, so Baer Gi, van d. H. תְּרָצְהוּ, but Ben Napht. Pi. תְּרַצְּחוּ (Baer ¹⁴³), so Vrss Hup-Now De Che Bae al. ye murder (or batter, shatter).

רְצִין

n.pr.m.

king of Aram, Ahaz’s time: II Kings 15:37; II Kings 16:5, II Kings 16:6, II Kings 16:9; Isaiah 7:1, Isaiah 7:4, Isaiah 7:8; Isaiah 8:6; Isaiah 9:10; Ρα(α)σ(σ)ων, Ρασειν.*

Ezra 2:48 = Nehemiah 7:49, Ρα(α)σων.

רִֽצְפָה

n.f. pavement;—abs. ר׳ Ezekiel 40:17^(×2) +, cstr. רִֽצְפַת Esther 1:6 (van d. H. רִצְפָּה, -פַּת);—pavement, in Ezek.’s temple, Ezekiel 40:17^(×2), Ezekiel 40:18^(×2); Ezekiel 42:3; Sol.’s temple II Chronicles 7:3; in a palace Esther 1:6.

רִצְפָּה

n.f. glowing stone (or coal) (We^{Isr. u. Jüd. Gesch.(3) 83});—ר׳ abs. Isaiah 6:6; pl. עֻגַת רְצָפִים I Kings 19:6 (cf. Syriac supr.).

רֶ֫צֶף

n.pr.loc. conquered by Assyrian (Assyrian Raṣappa, COT II Kings 19:12 Schr^{KGF 167} Dl^{Pa 297}; prob. = Ῥησάφα Ptol^{v. 18});—II Kings 19:12 = Isaiah 37:12, Ραφε(ι)ς, Ραφεθ; mod. Ruṣâfa, between Palmyra and the Euphrates Dl^l.c. Peters ^{Nippur i. 105}.

רִצְפָּה²

n.pr.f. concubine of Saul, II Samuel 3:7; II Samuel 21:8, II Samuel 21:10, II Samuel 21:11, Ρεσφα.

רָצַץ

vb. crush (NH = BH; Arabic رَضَّ bruise, bray, crush; Aramaic רְעַע, ܪܰܥ crush, shatter);—

Pf. 2 ms. sf. רַצּוֹתָנוּ I Samuel 12:4; I Samuel 12:1 s. רַצּוֹתִי v I Samuel 12:3; Impf. 3 ms. יָרוּץ (Ges^{§ 67 q}) Isaiah 42:4 (Cod. Bab. יֵרוֹץ, Niph., so SS here and Ecclesiastes 12:6 a), 3 fs. תָּרוּץ Ecclesiastes 12: 6 a, 1 s. אָרֻץ Psalms 18:30 = אָרוּץ II Samuel 22:30 (v. רוּץ); Pt. act. fpl. רֹצְצוֹת Amos 4:1; pass. רָצוּץ Isaiah 42:3 +, cstr. רְצוּץ Hosea 5:11; pl. רְצוּצִים Isaiah 58:6;—crush:

lit.,

pt. pass. in (הַ)קָּנֶה (הַ)רָצוּץ II Kings 18:21; = Isaiah 36:6, Isaiah 42:3 (all metaph. of weak pers.).

impf. intrans.get crushed (read תֵּרוֹץ?), of bowl Ecclesiastes 12:6 a (in metaph.).

fig. crush, oppress, acc. pers. I Samuel 12:3, I Samuel 12:4; Amos 4:1; pt. pass. Deuteronomy 28:33, as subst. the oppressed Isaiah 58:6; רְצוּץ מִשְׁפָּט Hosea 5:11 (We Now רֹצֵץ, i.e. suppressing judgment, but dub.); intrans. get crushed (read יֵרוֹץ?), of servant of י׳, under fig. of wick, Isaiah 42:4 (+ יִכְהֶה) he shall not grow dim or be crushed out.

be crushed, broken: Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְנָרֹץ (Ges^{§ 67 t}) Ecclesiastes 12:6 b (of wheel at cistern); Impf. 2 ms. תֵּרוֹץ Ezekiel 29:7 (of Pharaoh as reed, cf. Qal 1 a); Job 20:10 read perhaps יֵרֹצּוּ (for יְרַצּוּ, v. רצה Pi.), are crushed (as) poor men, Bu, cf. Hoffm SS Gerber.—Isaiah 42:4 Ecclesiastes 12:6 a v. Qal. Pi. crush in pieces:

lit. (in metaph.) Pf. 2 ms. רִצַּצְתָּ Psalms 74:14 c. acc. rei

fig. = grievously oppress, 3 ms. רִצַּץ Job 20:19; Impf. 3 ms. וַיְרַצֵּץ מִן הָעָם II Chronicles 16:10. Pōʿēl Impf. 3 mpl. וַיְרֹצְצוּ Judges 10:8, acc. pers. (= Pi. 2; ‖ רעץ; רצץ here perhaps doublet, so GFM^Hpt, cf. Bu Now).

Impf. 3 fs. וַתָּ֫רִץ (Kö^{i. 352}; Ba^{ZMG xliii (1889), 181} thinks Qal) Judges 9:53 she crushed his skull. Hithpōʿ. recipr., Impf. 3 mpl. וַיִּתְרֹצֲצוּ הַבָּנִים בְּקִרְבָּהּ (ץְ Gi) Genesis 25:22 (J) the children crushed one another within her.

רַק

רֹק

רָקָב

n.[m.] rottenness, decay (always fig.);—ר׳ abs.; appar. of ravages of worm, in בֵּית יְהוּדָה, in fig. Hosea 5:12 (‖ עָשׁ), cf. Job 13:28 (‖ id.); elsewhere of decay of bones, caries (in fig.), ר׳ בְּעַצְמ׳ Habakkuk 3:16; Proverbs 12:4, cstr. רְקַב עַצְמ׳ Proverbs 14:30.

רִקָּבוֹן

n.[m.] id.;—עֵץ ר׳ Job 41:19 wood of rottenness, = rotten wood (in fig.).

רָקַח

vb. mix, or compound oil, ointment (perhaps denom.; in this case √ meaning unknown; NH has מִרְקַחַת ointment; Ph. רקח either spice-mixer (Bloch) or spice-dealer (Lzb); perhaps akin to Assyrian riḳḳu, spice, Meissn^{Suppl. 90}, cf. rikkê, Dl^{HWB 620});—

Impf. 3 ms. יִרְקַח Exodus 30:33; Pt. רֹקֵחַ v Exodus 30:25, Exodus 30:35, רוֹ׳ Exodus 37:29 Ecclesiastes 10:1; pl. cstr. רֹקְחֵי I Chronicles 9:30;—mix, compound, Exodus 30:33 (P; כָּמֹהוּ, i.e. anything like the holy oil); pt. as subst. רֹקְחֵי הַמִּרְקַחַת I Chronicles 9:30 compounders of the ointment; as a professional name, mixer, perfumer, Exodus 30:25, Exodus 30:35; Exodus 37:29; Ecclesiastes 10:1.

Pt. mpl. מְרֻקָּחִים II Chronicles 16:14 mixed as ointment.

Inf. abs. הַרְקַח הַמֶּרְקָחָה Ezekiel 24:10 (‖ הָתֵם), as Imv., spice the spicing (?), i.e. spice (the meat) well, but very dub., Krae proposes הָרֵק הַמָּרָק empty out the broth.

רֹ֫קַח

n.[m.] spice-mixture, perfume;—of holy oil, ר׳ מִרְקַחַת מַעֲשֵׂה רֹקֵחַ Exodus 30:25; of incense, ר׳ מַעֲשֵׂה רוֹקֵחַ v Exodus 30:35.

רָקַם

vb. variegate (NH id.; so Arabic رَقَمَ, Ethiopic ረቀመ:, cf. 𝔗 רְקָם, רִקְמָתָא variegated cloth or skin, Syriac ܬܰܪܩܡܳܬܳܐ freckles);—

Pt. act. רֹקֵם, as subst. variegator, worker (weaver) in colours, c. ב mater. Exodus 38:23, מְלֶאכֶת חָרָשׁ וְחשֵׁב זְר׳ Exodus 35:35; especially מַעֲשֵׂה ר׳ variegator’s work Exodus 26:36; Exodus 27:16; Exodus 28:39 = Exodus 36:37; Exodus 38:18; Exodus 39:29 (all P; all c. mater. except Exodus 28:39).

Pf. 1 s. רֻקַּמְתִּי Psalms 139:15 I was skilfully wrought (woven, ‖ סכך v Psalms 139:13).

רִקְמָה

n.f. variegated stuff (woven or embroidered);—abs. ר׳ Judges 5:30 +; sf. רִקְמָתֵךְ Ezekiel 16:18, -תָם Ezekiel 26:16; du. רִקְמָתַיִם Judges 5:30; pl. רְקָמוֹת Psalms 45:15;—(piece of) variegated stuff, Judges 5:30^(×2), for garments Ezekiel 16:10, Ezekiel 16:13; Ezekiel 27:16, Ezekiel 27:24 Psalms 45:15; explicitly, בִּגְדֵי ר׳ Ezekiel 16:18; Ezekiel 26:16; ר׳ appar. = variegated work Ezekiel 27:7; fig. of variegated plumage Ezekiel 17:3; of variegated stone I Chronicles 29:2.

רֶ֫קֶם

n.pr.

m.

a king of Midian Numbers 31:8 (Ροκομ), Joshua 13:21 (Ροβοκ, A Ροκομ, 𝔊 Οροκομ).

a ‘son’ of Hebron I Chronicles 2:43, I Chronicles 2:44, Ρεκομ, Ροκομ, Ρωκημ.

name in Gilead I Chronicles 7:16, 𝔊L Ρακαμ.

loc. in Benj., Joshua 18:27, Νακαν, A 𝔊L Ρεκεμ[ν].

רָקַע

vb. beat, stamp, beat out, spread out (NH id.; Hiph., Aramaic רְקַע Aph., both spread out, and deriv.; Syriac ܪܩܰܥ press down (Lk 6:38 𝔊), spread out, also consolidate; Arabic رَقَعَ patch, put on a patch, repair, cf. Chr-Pal. ܡܪܩܥܐ patch, ܡܪܘܩܥܢܝܬܐ swaddling-bands, Schwally^{Idiot. 90}; Ph. מרקע platter, or bowl, of gold CIS^{i. 90, 1});—

Impf. 1 s. sf. אֶרְקָעֵם II Samuel 22:43 I will stamp them down (prob. gloss to אֲדִקֵּם preceding, cf. Bae Psalms 18:43); Imv. רְקַע בְּרַגְלְךָ Ezekiel 6:11 beat (stamp) with thy foot, in token of contemptuous pleasure, cf. Da (‖ הַכֵּה בְכַפְּךָ); so Inf. cstr. sf. רַקְעֲךָ בְּרָ֑גֶל Ezekiel 25:6 (‖ מַחְאֲךָ יָד); Pt. act. as subst. cstr. (Ges^{§ 65d}) רֹקַע הָאָרֶץ (i.e. י׳) he that (beateth out) spreadeth out the earth Isaiah 42:5, רֹקַע הָא׳ Isaiah 44:24, רוֹקַע הָא׳ Psalms 136:6.

Impf. 3 ms. sf. בַּזָּהָב יְרַקְּעֶנּוּ Isaiah 40:19 a goldsmith with gold over-layeth it (lit. beateth it out); 3 mpl. וַיְרַקְּעוּ אֶת־ פַּחֵי הַזָּהָב Exodus 39:3 they beat out the plates of gold; sf. וַיְרַקְּעוּם צִפּוּי Numbers 17:4 they beat them out as plating.

Pt. כֶּסֶף מְרֻקָּ֑ע Jeremiah 10:9 silver beaten out.

Impf. 2 ms. תַּרְקִיעַ עִמּוֹ לִשְׁחָקִים Job 37:18 canst thou make with (= like) him a spreading for clouds (spread out clouds; cf. רָקִיעַ)?

רָקִיעַ

n.m. ^{Genesis 1:6} extended surface, (solid) expanse (as if beaten out; cf. Job 37:18);—abs. ר׳ Ezekiel 1:22 +, cstr. רְ׳ Genesis 1:14 +;—𝔊 στερέωμα, 𝔙 firmamentum, cf. Syriac sub √ supr.;—

(flat) expanse (as if of ice, cf. כְּעֵין הַקֶרַח), as base, support (Wkl^{Altor. Forsch. iv. 347}) Ezekiel 1:22, Ezekiel 1:23, Ezekiel 1:25 (gloss? cf. Co Toy), v Ezekiel 1:26 (supporting י׳’sthrone) Ezekiel 10:1. Hence (Co Ezekiel 1:22)

the vault of heaven, or ‘firmament,’ regarded by Hebrews as solid, and supporting ‘waters’ above it, Genesis 1:6, Genesis 1:7^(×3), Genesis 1:8 (called שָׁמַיִם; all P), Psalms 19:2 (‖ הַשָּׁמַיִם), זֹהַר הָר׳ Daniel 12:3; also הַשָּׁמַיִם ר׳ Genesis 1:14, Genesis 1:15, Genesis 1:17, עַל־פְּנֵי ר׳ הַשּׁ׳ v Genesis 1:20 (all P).*

רַק²

adj. thin;—fpl. רַקּוֹת, of kine, Genesis 41:19, Genesis 41:20, Genesis 41:27 (‖ v Genesis 41:3, Genesis 41:4 דַּקּוֹת).

₁₀₉ adv. with restrictive force, only, altogether, surely (syn. אַךְ);—

only, Genesis 14:24; Genesis 41:40 רַק הַכִּסֵּא אֶגְדַּל מִמֶּךָּ only as regards the throne, etc., Genesis 47:22 רַק אַדְמַת הַכֹּהֲנִים לֹא קָנָה, Genesis 50:8; Exodus 8:5 רַק בַּיְאֹר תִּשָּׁאַרְנָח, Genesis 10:17 וְיָסֵר מֵעָלַי רַק הַמָּוֶת הַזֶּה only this death, Deuteronomy 2:35 (cf. Deuteronomy 20:14; Joshua 8:2, Joshua 8:27), Joshua 3:11; Judges 6:39 (cf. אַךְ ib. Genesis 18:32; Exodus 10:17), Judges 11:34 (circ. cl.) רַק הִיא יְחִידָה (there being) only she, an only one, I Samuel 1:13; Amos 3:2 רק אתכם ידעתי only you have I known, etc., Job 1:15, Job 1:16, Job 1:17, Job 1:19 וָאִמָּֽלְטָה רַק אֲנִי לְבַדִּי I only, Psalms 91:8 + often. Once strengthening אַךְ, †Numbers 12:2 הֲרַק אַךְ־בְּמשֶׁה דִּבֶּר י׳. And separated (as sometimes in English) from the word actually emphasized, Proverbs 13:10 רַק בְּזָדוֹן יִתֵּן מַצָּה by pride there only cometh [נָתַן 1 z] contention.

prefixed to sentences, to add a limitation on sthg. previously expressed (or implied), Genesis 19:8 only to these men do nothing, Genesis 24:8 רַק אֶת־בְּנִי לֹא־תָשֵׁב הֵ֫נָּה, Exodus 8:24 I will let you go …, only go not far, v Exodus 8:25 Numbers 20:19 only—it is nothing—let me pass through on my feet (cf. Deuteronomy 2:28); especially in Deut. writers, as Deuteronomy 10:15; Deuteronomy 12:15; Deuteronomy 20:16; I Kings 3:2, I Kings 3:3 (cf. II Kings 12:4; II Kings 14:4; II Kings 15:4, II Kings 15:35), II Kings 8:19; II Kings 11:13; II Kings 15:14, II Kings 15:23; II Kings 3:2 (cf. II Kings 14:3; II Kings 17:2), etc., Isaiah 4:1; emphasizing a command, Deuteronomy 4:9; Deuteronomy 12:16, Deuteronomy 12:23 Joshua 1:7, Joshua 1:18; Joshua 6:18; Joshua 13:6; Joshua 22:5 (all D²).

emphasizing single words, especially adjj., only = nought but, altogether, Genesis 6:5 יֵצֶר מַחְשְׁבוֹת לִבּוֹ רַק רַע is only evil, i.e. exclusively evil, nought but evil, Genesis 26:29 עָשִׂינוּ עִמְּךָ רַק טוֹב nothing but good, Deuteronomy 28:33 וְהָיִיתָ רַק עָשׁוּק, Isaiah 28:19 רַק זְוָעָה it shall be nought but terror to, etc., I Kings 14:8 (cf. אַךְ 2 b β); sq. an adv. Deuteronomy 28:13 וְהָיִיתָ רַק לְמַ֫עְלָה above only; sq. a vb., Judges 14:16 thou dost but hate me.

after a neg., save, except (syn. כִּי אִם 2 a), I Kings 8:9 (= II Chronicles 5:10) אֵין בָּאָרוֹן רַק שְׁנֵי לֻחוֹת הָאֲבָנִים, I Kings 15:5; I Kings 22:16 (= II Chronicles 18:15), II Kings 17:18.

with an affirmative, asseverative force, only, altogether = surely, Genesis 20:11 רַק אֵין יִרְאַת אלהים במקום הזה, Deuteronomy 4:6 (so EV; but Ges populus mere sapiens, so Di), I Kings 21:25 II Chronicles 28:10 Psalms 32:6 רַק לְשֶׁטֶף מים רבים אליו לא יַגִּ֑יעוּ. †f. רַק אִם (רַק prefixed for emph.) if only, provided only, Deuteronomy 15:5 רַק אִם שׁמוע תשׁמע וג׳, I Kings 8:25 (= II Chronicles 6:16) רַק אִם ישׁמרו בניך דרכם ללכת וג׳, II Kings 21:8 (= II Chronicles 33:8).

רָקַק

vb. spit (NH, Aramaic רְקַק, ܪܰܩ, all = BH);—

Impf. 3 ms. יָרֹק Leviticus 15:8, c. ב of pers. spit upon.—cf. יָרַק.

רֹק²

n.[m.] spittle;—abs. ר׳ Isaiah 50:6; Job 30:10 (both of contemptuous spitting); sf. רֻקִּי Job 7:19 while I swallow (בָּלַע) my spittle, i.e. for the briefest time.

רַקַּת

n.pr.loc. in Naphtali, Joshua 19:35; 𝔊 (ομαθα) δακεθ, A Ρεκκαθ, 𝔊L Ρακκαθ; a Jewish trad. identified with Tiberias, Talm^{Jer. Megilla 2b} Nbr^{Geogr. 208 f.} Buhl^{Geogr. 225} GASm^{Geogr. 447}.

רָשׁ

רָשָׁע

adj. wicked, criminal;—abs. ר׳ Genesis 18:23 +; pl. רְשָׁעִים Isaiah 13:11 +; cstr. רִשְׁעֵי Psalms 75:9 + 3 times; fs. רְשָׁעָה Ezekiel 3:18 (del. Co), v Ezekiel 3:19 (רָשָׁע Co);—

usually as subst., one guilty of crime, deserving punishment; sometimes also wicked; opp. צַדִּיק; רָשָׁע Exodus 2:13; Exodus 23:1 (E), Deuteronomy 25:2; Proverbs 17:23; Proverbs 18:5; Proverbs 25:5; Job 9:22, Job 9:24; coll. Genesis 18:23, Genesis 18:25^(×2) (J) Micah 6:10; Proverbs 3:33; Proverbs 28:4, רשׁעים I Samuel 24:14; Jeremiah 5:26; Proverbs 19:28; Proverbs 20:26; Proverbs 29:12, אנשׁים רשׁעים II Samuel 4:11 (murderers), רָשָׁע לָמוּת Numbers 35:31 (P) guilty of death, מוֹשֵׁל ר׳ Proverbs 28:15, cf. Proverbs 29:2, הִצְדִּיק ר׳ Exodus 23:7 (E) Isaiah 5:23; Proverbs 17:15; הִרְשִׁעַ ר׳ Deuteronomy 25:1 I Kings 8:32 = השׁיב לְרָשָׁע II Chronicles 6:23; אמר לר׳ צַדִּיק Proverbs 24:24.

guilty of hostility to God or his people, wicked enemies: רשׁע sg. Psalms 17:13 + 6 times ψψ, Isaiah 26:10; coll. Psalms 9:6, Psalms 9:17; Psalms 10:2 + 6 times ψψ, Isaiah 11:4 Habakkuk 3:13; רשׁעים Psalms 3:8; Psalms 7:10; Psalms 9:18 + 5 times ψψ, Isaiah 48:22; Isaiah 57:20, Isaiah 57:21 Jeremiah 25:31 Ezekiel 21:34 Malachi 3:21 (+ (poss.) other cases; often hard to decide); specif. of Pharaoh Exodus 9:27 (J), Babylon Isaiah 13:11; Isaiah 14:5, Chaldeans Habakkuk 1:4, Habakkuk 1:13; ‖ שׂנְאֵי יהוה II Chronicles 19:2.

guilty of sin, against either God or man, wicked: האנשׁים הרשׁעים Numbers 16:26 (J, rebellious Korahites), Malachi 3:18 (not serving י׳), opp. צַדִּיק; sg. indiv. Ezekiel 3:18^(×2); Ezekiel 21:30; Ezekiel 33:8^(×2) Psalms 11:5; Psalms 32:10 Proverbs 9:7 +; coll. Isaiah 3:11 Job 34:18; Job 36:6, Job 36:17; pl. רשׁעים Isaiah 53:9 Jeremiah 23:19 = Jeremiah 30:23, Zephaniah 1:3 Psalms 26:5; Proverbs 10:3; Ecclesiastes 8:10 +; ‖ חסידים I Samuel 2:9 (poem), Psalms 12:9; Psalms 50:16; Psalms 97:10; Psalms 145:20; ‖ עֹזְבֵי תוֹרָתֶ֑ךָ Psalms 119:53, cf. v Psalms 119:61, +; †אדם ר׳ Proverbs 11:7; Job 20:29; Job 27:13; אִישׁ ר׳ Proverbs 21:29; מלאך ר׳ Proverbs 13:17; זֶרַע רשׁעים Psalms 37:28; †עֲצַת רשׁעים Psalms 1:1; Job 10:3; Job 21:16; Job 22:18; †דֶּרֶךְ רשׁעים Jeremiah 12:1 Psalms 1:6; Psalms 146:9; Proverbs 4:19; Proverbs 12:26; דֶּרֶךְ רשׁע Proverbs 15:9; מִדַּרְכּוֹ הָֽרְשָׁעָה Ezekiel 3:18, Ezekiel 3:19 (but v. Co, supr.); †רִשְׁעֵי (ה)ארץ Psalms 75:9; Psalms 101:8; Psalms 119:119 Ezekiel 7:21 (𝔊 Co עריצי).—רָשָׁע is rare before exile; chiefly Ez ψψ WisdLit.

רֶ֫שַׁע

n.m. ^{I Samuel 24:14} wickedness;—abs. ר׳ Micah 6:10 +, רָ֑שַׁע Ecclesiastes 3:16; cstr. (perhaps) רֶ֫שַׁע Ecclesiastes 7:25; sf. רִשְׁעוֹ Deuteronomy 9:27 +, etc.;—

wickedness, as violence and crime against civil law Ecclesiastes 3:16^(×2); אֶגְרֹף ר׳ Isaiah 58:4 fist of wickedness; חַרְצֻבּוֹת ר׳ v Isaiah 58:6; לֶחֶם ר׳ Proverbs 4:17; מַטֵּה ר׳ Ezekiel 7:11; מֹאזְנֵי ר׳ Micah 6:11; אֹצְרוֹת ר׳ v Micah 6:10, cf. Proverbs 10:2; בְּרֶשַׁע Psalms 141:4; Proverbs 12:3; עשׂות ר׳ Proverbs 16:12; מִרְשָׁעִים יֵצֵא ר׳ I Samuel 24:14 (proverb).

wickedness of enemies: of Egypt Ezekiel 31:11 (dub. Co; gloss Toy); שֵׁבֶט הר׳ Psalms 125:3 (𝔊 SS רָשָׁע).

wickedness, in ethical relations: ‖ חטאת Deuteronomy 9:27 (D²); ‖ עון Jeremiah 14:20; ‖ עולה Hosea 10:13; opp. צֶדֶק Psalms 45:8, אֱמֶת Proverbs 8:7; v. also Psalms 5:5; Psalms 10:15; Job 34:10; Job 35:8; Ecclesiastes 7:25; Ecclesiastes 8:8; אַנְשֵׁי ר׳ Job 34:8; אָהֳלֵי ר׳ Psalms 84:11; שׁוּב מֵרִשְׁעוֹ Ezekiel 3:19; Ezekiel 33:12 (v. רִשְׁעָה 3).

רִשְׁעָה

n.f. wickedness;—abs. ר׳ Isaiah 9:17 +; cstr. רִשְׁעַת Deuteronomy 9:4 +; sf. רִשְׁעָתוֹ Deuteronomy 25:2 +;—

wickedness in civil relations, Deuteronomy 25:2; Proverbs 13:6; Isaiah 9:17; בְּרִשְׁעָתוֹ יפּל רָשָׁע Proverbs 11:5.

wickedness of enemies, גְּבוּל ר׳ Malachi 1:4 (Edom); זאת הר׳ Zechariah 5:8 (personif.); לְרִשְׁעָה Ezekiel 5:6 (del. Co); רִשְׁעַת הגוים Deuteronomy 9:4, Deuteronomy 9:5.

wickedness, ethical and religious, עשׂה ר׳ Malachi 3:15, Malachi 3:19, שׁוּב מֵרִשְׁעָתוֹ Ezekiel 18:27; Ezekiel 33:19; רִשְׁעַת (הָ)רָשָׁע Ezekiel 18:20; Ezekiel 33:12.

רִשְׁעָתַיִם

v. כּוּשַׁן ר׳ p. 469.

רֶ֫שֶׁף

n.m. ^{Habakkuk 3:5} flame, fire-bolt;—abs. ר׳ Deuteronomy 32:24 +; pl. רְשָׁפִים Psalms 78:48, cstr. רִשְׁפֵי Psalms 76:4, רִשְׁפֵּי Song of Songs 8:6; sf. רְשָׁפֶיהָ v Song of Songs 8:6;—

flame: ר׳ ר׳ אֵשׁ Song of Songs 8:6 its flames (sc. of אַהֲבָה, קִנְאָה) are flames of fire; בְּנֵי ר׳ Job 5:7 = sparks; ר׳ = pointed flame of lightning Psalms 78:48 (‖ בָּרָד); ר׳ קָ֑שֶׁת Psalms 76:4 sharp flames of the bow, fig. for arrows.

fire-bolt of י׳, bringing pestilence and death, Deuteronomy 32:24 (cf. Dr; ‖ קֶטֶב מְרִירִי), Habakkuk 3:5 (‖ דֶּבֶר).

רֶ֫שֶׁף²

n.pr.m. in Ephr., I Chronicles 7:25; Σαραφ, A Ρασεφ, 𝔊L Ρασηφ.

רֶ֫שֶׁת²

net, v. ירשׁ.

רָתַח

vb. boil (NH id.; Ecclus Ben Sira 43:3 Hiph. make hot; Aramaic רְתַח, ܪܬܰܚ boil);—

Imv. ms. רַתַּח causat. Ezekiel 24:5 cause to boil, bring to boiling, c. acc. rei.

Pf. 3 pl. רֻתְּחוּ Job 30:27 my bowels have been made to boil without quiet (fig. of violent emotion).

Impf. 3 ms. יַרְתִּיחַ כַּסִּיר מְצוּלָה Job 41:23 he (the crocod.) maketh the depth boil like the pot.

רָתַם

vb. bind, attach (cf. Arabic رَتِيمَةٌ thread bound to finger as reminder);—

Imv. ms. רְתֹם הַמֶּרְכָּבָה לָרֶכֶשׁ Micah 1:13.

רֹ֫תֶם

n.m. ^{I Kings 19:5} a kind of broom-shrub, broom-plant, retem (NH id.; Arabic رَتَمٌ (on form Lag^{BN 152}); 𝔗 רִיתְמָא, all = BH);—abs. ר׳ אֶחָד I Kings 19:5, ר׳ אחת v I Kings 19:4 Kt (אֶחָד Qr); pl. שֹׁרֶשׁ רְתָמִים לַחְמָם Job 30:4 (on text v. Bu Che^infr.); גַּחֲלֵי רְתָמִים Psalms 120:4, Rob^{BR i. 84, 203, 205, 500} Löw^{No. 313} Post^{Hastings, DB, ‘Juniper’} Che^{Ency. Bib. ‘Juniper’}.

רְתֵת

n.[m.] trembling (on form Lag^{BN 176} Ba^{§ 7b});—ר׳ Hosea 13:1 (si vera l.) when Ephr. spoke trembling (AV Che al.); Ew al. spoke terror; Hi Ke RV spoke, there was trembling; text dub. (v. Now).