BDB — ג (261)

גֵּוָה (Aramaic)

noun (fem.) pride (Targum גֵּיוָה; Biblical Hebrew גֵּאָה; compareKautzsch's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic § 55, 1 (but also 6 a));—absolute בְּג׳ Daniel 4:34 in pride.

גַּב (Aramaic)

n.[m.] either back (Targum גַּב back, top; Biblical Hebrew גַּב, √ גבב), or < side (√ גנב, compareArabic جَنْبٌ side, Syriac ܓܰܒܴ݁ܐ side, √ ܓܢܒ;—see also D ^{WB 65});—plural with suffix Daniel 7:6 Kt wings עַל־גַּבַּיהּ on its sides (Bev Behrm Driver; Qr גַּבַּהּ perhaps its back, so most).

גֹּב (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) pit, den of lions (Targum גּוּב, Syriac ܓܽܘܒ pit;? compareBiblical Hebrew גֹּב n.pr.location, √ גבב);—construct ג׳ Daniel 6:8, Daniel 6:25; גּוֹב v Daniel 6:13; emph. גֻּבָּא v Daniel 6:17, Daniel 6:18, Daniel 6:20, Daniel 6:21, Daniel 6:24^(×2), Daniel 6:25.

גְּבַר (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) man (Biblical Hebrew);—absolute ג׳ Daniel 2:25; Daniel 5:11; plural absolute נֻּבְרִין (Kautzsch's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic § 54, 3 ε) Daniel 3:24, Daniel 3:25, also, = certain ones, v Daniel 3:8, Daniel 3:12, Daniel 3:20; emph. גֻּבְרַיָּא Ezra 4:21; Ezra 5:4, Ezra 5:10; Ezra 6:8; Daniel 3:12 + 9 times Dn.

גְּבוּרָה (Aramaic)

n. f. might;—emph. גְּבוּרְתָּא (Kautzsch's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic §§ 9 c); 57 b) α) but M-A^{§ 72 c}) Daniel 2:20, Daniel 2:23.

גִּבָּר (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) mighty one;—plural construct גִּבָּרֵי־ חַיִל Daniel 3:20 (= Biblical Hebrew גִּבּוֹרֵי חַיִל).

גֵּוָה² (Aramaic)

גּוּחַ (Aramaic)

see Haph. participle (בינוני) plural f. מְגִיחָן breaking forth, of winds Daniel 7:2.

גְּזֵרָה (Aramaic)

noun (fem.) decree (Targum גְּזֵירָא, Syriac ܓܙܺܝܪܳܐ );—construct גְּזֵרַת Daniel 4:14, Daniel 4:21.

גַּלְגַּל (Aramaic)

גְּלָא (Aramaic)

verb reveal (Biblical Hebrew גָּלָה uncover, reveal);—

reveal secrets, human agent: infinitive (מקור) לְמִגְלֵא Daniel 2:47; of God, participle (בינוני) active גָּלֵא v Daniel 2:22, Daniel 2:28, Daniel 2:29, Daniel 2:47. P^eʿîl past (עבר) גֲּלִי v Daniel 2:19, גֱּלִי v Daniel 2:30, revealed (W^{CG 225} Noldeke^{LCB, 1896, 703});—of secret, c. ל person

take into exile (Biblical Hebrew Hiph.), past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הַגְלִי, with a direct object person Ezra 4:10; Ezra 5:12 (ל location).

גָּלוּ (Aramaic)

noun (fem.) exile;—emph. בְּנֵי גָלוּתָא that is exiles, Ezra 6:16; Daniel 2:25; Daniel 5:13; Daniel 6:14 (compareBiblical Hebrew גּוֹלָה).

גלל (Aramaic)

(√ of following; Biblical Hebrew II. גלל; Palmyrene גללא Lidzbarski²⁵⁰ SAC³⁶ Cooke³³⁴, = στήλη λιθίνη).

גְּלָל (Aramaic)

n.[m.] rolling;—absolute אֶבֶן ג׳ Ezra 5:8; Ezra 6:4 stones of rolling, too heavy for carrying.

גַּלְגַּל² (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) wheel (Targum Biblical Hebrew; Syriac ܓܺܝܓܰܠ );—plural with suffix גַּלְגִּלּוֹהִ֫י Daniel 7:9 of throne-chariot of God.

גְּרַם (Aramaic)

n.[m.] bone (Biblical Hebrew גֶּ֫רֶם; Chr-Pal. ܓܪܡ Schulthess ^{Lex. 46});—plural with suffix גַּרְמֵיהוֹן Daniel 6:25.

גְּשֵׁם (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) Daniel 4:30 body (see √ גשׁם in Biblical Hebrew; Targum Yonasan גּוּשְׁמָא, גִּשְׁמָא (D^{WB 83}), Syriac ܓܽܘܫܡܳܐ, body, self);—body of man, with suffix גִּשְׁמֵהּ Daniel 4:30; Daniel 5:21; Daniel 7:11, plural with suffix גֶּשְׁמֵיהוּן (Kautzsch's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic § 15 a) Daniel 3:27, Daniel 3:28, both Kt, Qr singular גֶּשְׁמְהוֹן (Kautzsch's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic § 54, 3b)).

גֵּא

see under נאה.

גָּאָה

verb rise up (Aramaic Pe. (Targum I Samuel 2:5) & often Ethiopic אֶתְגָּאֵי, ܐܶܬܓܰܠܻܝ be boastful, proud, compare also Mishnaic Hebrew)—

past (עבר) ג׳ Exodus 15:1, Exodus 15:21, גָּאוּ Ezekiel 47:5; future (עתיד) יִגְאֶה Job 8:11; Job 10:16, infinitive (מקור) absolute גָּאֹה Exodus 15:1, Exodus 15:21;—

rise up, of waters Ezekiel 47:5.

grow up, of plants Job 8:11.

be lifted up, exalted, of head Job 10:16, of י׳ in triumph Exodus 15:1, Exodus 15:21.

גֵּא²

adjective proud, scribal error for גֵּאֶה Isaiah 16:6 (as in Jeremiah 48:29).

גֵּאֶה

adjective proud, Job 40:11, Job 40:12 Isaiah 2:12 Jeremiah 48:29; plural גֵּאִים Psalms 94:2; Psalms 140:6 Proverbs 15:25; Proverbs 16:19; construct גְּאֵי Psalms 123:4 Qr גאי יונים (> Kt גאייונים), yet compare De al.

גֵּאָה

noun (fem.) pride, Proverbs 8:13.

גַּאֲוָה

noun (fem.) majesty, pride (compare Syriac ܓܰܐܝܽܘܬܳܐ )—Job 41:7 + 6 times; construct גַּאֲוַת Proverbs 29:23 + 2 times; with suffix גַּאֲוָתִי Isaiah 13:3 + 8 times;—

rising up, swelling of the sea Psalms 46:4.

majesty, of Israel Deuteronomy 33:29, Moab Isaiah 16:6 = Jeremiah 48:29, scales of crocodile Job 41:7, of God Deuteronomy 33:26 Psalms 68:35.

pride, haughtiness Psalms 10:2; Psalms 31:19, Psalms 31:24; Psalms 36:12; Psalms 73:6 Proverbs 14:3; Proverbs 29:23 Isaiah 9:8; Isaiah 13:11; Isaiah 25:11; עליזי גאותי my proudly exulting ones Isaiah 13:3 compare Zephaniah 3:11.

גָּאוֹן

noun (masc.) ^{Ho 5:5} exaltation—Job 40:10 + 5 times; construct גְּאוֹן Leviticus 26:19 + 31 times; with suffix גְּאוֹנְךָ etc. Exodus 15:7 + 9 times; plural with suffix גְּאוֹנָ֑יִךְ Ezekiel 16:56;—

exaltation, majesty, excellence,

of nations, their wealth, power, magnificence of buildings, for example Egypt Ezekiel 32:12, Chaldeans Isaiah 13:11, Isaiah 13:19; Isaiah 14:11, Philistines Zechariah 9:6, Assyria Zechariah 10:11, Jacob; Psalms 47:5 Amos 6:8; Amos 8:7 Nahum 2:3, Israel Hosea 5:5; Hosea 7:10 (probably appellation of י׳), Nahum 2:3, Judah Jeremiah 13:9, Jerusalem v Jeremiah 13:9 Ezekiel 16:56; גְּאוֹן עֻזָּהּ pride of her strength Ezekiel 30:6, Ezekiel 30:18; Ezekiel 33:28; גאון עזים Ezekiel 7:24 (but Septuagint Ewald Hitzig Co read עזם); גאון עזכם Leviticus 26:19; Ezekiel 24:21; the fruit of land of Judah will become לגאון ולתפארת majestic and beautiful Isaiah 4:2; גאון כל צבי the majesty of all the splendour (of Tyre) Isaiah 23:9; Zion is to become גאון עולם an everlasting excellency Isaiah 60:15.

of God Exodus 15:7; Isaiah 24:14; Micah 5:3; הֲדַר גְּאֹנוֹ Isaiah 2:10, Isaiah 2:19, Isaiah 2:21; יַרְעֵם בְּקוֹל גְּאוֹנוֹ Job 37:4; עֲדֵה נָא גָּאוֹן וָגֹבַהּ Job 40:10.

גאון הירדן majesty of the Jordan, referring to the green and shady banks, clothed with willows, tamarisks, and cane, in which the lions made their covert Jeremiah 49:19; Jeremiah 50:44; Zechariah 11:3, and therefore dangerous Jeremiah 12:5 (Ewald thinks of the swelling of its agitated waters); גְּאוֹן גַּלֶּיךָ majesty of thy waves Job 38:11.

pride (bad sense) Job 35:12 Psalms 59:13; Proverbs 8:13; Proverbs 16:18; Ezekiel 7:20; Ezekiel 16:49 Zephaniah 2:10; of Moab Isaiah 16:6⁽×2⁾ = Jeremiah 48:29^(×2).

גֵּאוּת

noun (fem.) majesty, Psalms 93:1 + 7 times;—

lifting up גֵּאוּת עָשָׁן column of smoke Isaiah 9:17; גֵּאוּת הַיָּם swelling of the sea Psalms 89:10.

majesty of God Psalms 93:1; Isaiah 26:10; גֵּאוּת עָשָׂה he hath done majestically Isaiah 12:5; עֲטֶרֶת גֵּאוּת crown of majesty Isaiah 28:1, Isaiah 28:3 (Samaria, on a round hill majestically commanding the country).

pride דִּבְּרוּ בְגֵאוּת they speak proudly Psalms 17:10; so for נְאוֹת Psalms 74:20 Bi Cheyne.

גְּאוּאֵל

n.pr.m. (majesty of Ēl) the spy of the tribe of Gad Numbers 13:15.

גֵּוָה

noun (fem.) pride (contr. for גַּאֲוָה Ewald's Hebrew Grammar § 62 b, 73 b compare Aramaic Daniel 4:34 & Targum)—

pride Job 33:17 Jeremiah 13:17.

lifting up Job 22:29 an exclamation, up! Ewald Dillmann De al.; but pride Hitzig Driver^{§ 154 n. (ed. 3)}.

גָּאַל

verb redeem, act as kinsman (Mishnaic Hebrew, Niph. be redeemed; also גּוֹאֵל, גְּאוּלָּה)—

past (עבר) ג׳, etc. Isaiah 44:23 + 14 times; future (עתיד) יִגְאַל, etc. Leviticus 25:33 + 18 times; imperative (ציווי) גְּאַל, etc. Ruth 4:6 + 3 times; infinitive (מקור) absolute גָּאֹל Leviticus 27:13 + 2 times construct לִגְאוֹל Ruth 4:4 + 2 times; with suffix לְגָאֳלֵךְ Ruth 3:13; participle (בינוני) גֹּאֵל Leviticus 25:26 + 24 times, גּוֹאֵל Isaiah 59 Psalms 103:4; with suffix גֹּאַלְךָ Isaiah 48:17, גֹּאֲלֵךְ Isaiah 54:8 (with suffix 19 times); passive plural גְּאוּלִים, etc. Isaiah 35:9 + 4 times;—

act as kinsman, do the part of next of kin (chiefly in D H P Ru.), גֹּאֵל kinsman Leviticus 25:25 Numbers 5:8; Numbers 35:12 Ruth 2:20; Ruth 3:9, Ruth 3:12; Ruth 4:1, Ruth 4:3, Ruth 4:6, Ruth 4:8, Ruth 4:14 I Kings 16:11.

in taking a kinsman’s widow אם יגאלך טוב יגאל ואם לא יחפץ לגאלך וגאלתיך if he will do thee the kinsman’s part (raise up children by the widow) well, let him do the kinsman’s part; but if he is not pleased to do thee the kinsman’s part then I will do thee the kinsman’s part Ruth 3:13;

in redeeming from bondage Leviticus 25:48, Leviticus 25:49;

in redeeming a field Leviticus 25:26, Leviticus 25:23 Ruth 4:4, Ruth 4:6,

claim as kinsman Job 3:5;

גֹּאֵל הַדָּם the avenger of blood Numbers 35:19, Numbers 35:21, Numbers 35:24, Numbers 35:25, Numbers 35:27^(×2) Joshua 20:3, Joshua 20:5 (?; notin Septuagint) v Joshua 20:9. Deuteronomy 19:6, Deuteronomy 19:12 II Samuel 14:11.

redeem, by payment of value assessed, of consecrated things, by the original owner Leviticus 27:13, Leviticus 27:15, Leviticus 27:19, Leviticus 27:20, Leviticus 27:31.

redeem, with God as subj. implying personal relationship, chiefly in poetry:—

individuals, from death Psalms 103:4 Lamentations 3:58 Hosea 13:14; מכל רע Genesis 48:16 (E poetry), נפשׁ Psalms 69:19; Psalms 72:14, orphans Proverbs 23:11; Jeremiah 50:34, ריבה ריבי וגאלני Psalms 119:154, גֹּאֲלִי Job 19:25, צוּרִי וְגֹאֲלִי Psalms 19:15.

Israel, from Egyptian bondage Exodus 6:6 Exodus 15:13 (song) Psalms 74:2; Psalms 77:16; Psalms 78:35, מיד אויב Psalms 106:10.

from exile (chiefly Isaiah 3, the verb not in Isaiah 1) Isaiah 43:1; Isaiah 44:22, Isaiah 44:23; Isaiah 48:20; Isaiah 52:9; Isaiah 63:9 Micah 4:10, מיד Psalms 107:2; Jeremiah 31:11; Yahweh is גֹּאֵל Isaiah 41:14; Isaiah 43:14; Isaiah 44:6, Isaiah 44:24; Isaiah 47:4; Isaiah 48:17; Isaiah 49:7, Isaiah 49:26; Isaiah 54:5, Isaiah 54:8; Isaiah 59:20; Isaiah 60:16; Isaiah 63:16; and the people גְּאוּלִים Isaiah 35:9; Isaiah 51:10; Isaiah 62:12; Isaiah 63:4 (compare גְּאוּלַי below), Psalms 107:2.

past (עבר) נִגְאָ֑ל Leviticus 25:49; Lv future (עתיד) יִגָּאֵל Leviticus 25:30 + 5 times; תִּגָּאֵ֑לוּ Isaiah 52:3;—

refl. redeem oneself Leviticus 25:49.

passive be redeemed,

field Leviticus 25:30, slave Leviticus 25:54;

consecrated things Leviticus 27:20, Leviticus 27:27, Leviticus 27:28, Leviticus 27:33;

Jerusalem by Yahweh Isaiah 52:3.

גְּאוּלִים

Isaiah 63:4, in שְׁנַת גְּאוּלַי, n.abstr. redemption, according to Septuagint Peshitta Vulgate Gesenius Hitzig De Muhlau-Volck Cheyne Dillmann RVm; then either plural abstr. with suffix year of (my) redemption (so most); or abstr. form. in י—, after Syriac analogy, Lagarde ^Symm. ^{ii. 101 f. Sem. i. 19, 68. BN 192} (Septuagint om. my); but < Pt. pass. pl. sf. my ransomed (released) ones Ewald Br Brd AV RV compare sub גאל supra.

גְּאֻלָּה

noun (fem.) kin (?), redemption—Leviticus 25:24 + 5 times; construct גְּאֻלַּת Leviticus 25:32; with suffix גְּאֻלָּתִי Ruth 4:6, גְּאֻלָּתֶ֑ךָ Ezekiel 11:15, גְּאֻלָּתוֹ Leviticus 25:26 + 4 times;—

kin, אַנְשֵׁי גְּאֻלָּתֶ֑ךָ men of thy kindred Ezekiel 11:15 RV Gesenius' Thesaurus Hitzig al.; but Septuagint Peshitta Ewald Co א׳ גלותך thy fellow-exiles.

redemption, of field Leviticus 25:24 Ruth 4:7.

right of redemption Leviticus 25:29, Leviticus 25:31, Leviticus 25:32, Leviticus 25:48 Ruth 4:6 Jeremiah 32:8 = משׁפט הגאלה Jeremiah 32:7.

price of redemption Leviticus 25:26, Leviticus 25:51, Leviticus 25:52.

גָּאַל²

verb defile, late (compare גָּעַל)—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine plural נְגֹאֲלוּ Isaiah 59:3 Lamentations 4:14, on form see Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 51 h, Konig^{i 265}; participle (בינוני) נִגְאָלָה Zephaniah 3:1;—be defiled, hands with blood בַּדָּם, Isaiah 59:3 compare Lamentations 4:14; pt. as noun defiled, polluted one Zephaniah 3:1 of Jerusalem (‖ מֹֽרְאָה; appos. הָעִיר הַיּוֹנָה).

past (עבר) 1st plural with suffix גֵּאַלְנוּךָ Malachi 1:7 pollute, desecrate, obj. י׳ (desecrated in his altar).

future (עתיד) וַיְגֹאֲלוּ מִן־הַכְּהֻנָּה Ezra 2:62 = Nehemiah 7:63 construct pregn. and they were desecrated out of the priesthood, that is deposed, as desecrated ones; participle (בינוני) מְגֹאָל of bread laid on Yahweh’s altar Malachi 1:7; of Yahweh’s altar (table, שֻׁלְחָן) v Malachi 1:12.

past (עבר) 1st singular אֶגְאָ֑לְתִּי Isaiah 63:3 (on Aramaic form see Konig^{i 27} Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 53 R. 6 but) read perhaps גֵּאָ֑לְתִּי Pi., see GFM^{ThLZ 1887, 292} compare also Gesenius^{l.c. N.} Olshausen's Hebrew Grammar § 255 b Stade's Hebrew Grammar § 159 b, 3;—I have polluted, that is stained, all my raiment,

future (עתיד) יִתְגָּאַל Daniel 1:8; יִתְגָּאָ֑ל v Daniel 1:8;—defile himself.

גַּב

back, etc., see sub גבב.

גֵּב

locust, see sub גבה.

גֵּב²

pit, iii. [גֵּב] beam, see sub גוב.

גֹּב

n.pr.location see sub גבב.

גַּב²

noun (masc.)? compare Ezekiel 43:13 (f. Ezekiel 1:18) anything convex, curved, gibbous, for example back, chiefly late;—absolute גָּ֑ב Ezekiel 16:24; construct גַּב Ezekiel 43:13 (read גֹּבַהּ Septuagint Ewald Smend Co); with suffix גַּבִּי Psalms 129:3, גַּבֵּךְ Ezekiel 16:31, Ezekiel 16:39; plural construct גַּבֹּת Leviticus 14:9, גַּבֵּי Job 13:12; Job 15:26; with suffix גַּבֵּיהֶם I Kings 7:33, גַּבֵּהֶם Ezekiel 10:12, גַּבֵּיהֶן Ezekiel 1:18, גַּבֹּתָם Ezekiel 1:18;—

back, of man (figuratively of Isr.) Psalms 129:3; appar. of cherubim Ezekiel 10:12, but Hitzig Smend emend see so that גּ׳ ref. to wheels, rim see 6 below

mound, for illicit worship Ezekiel 16:24, Ezekiel 16:34, Ezekiel 16:39 (all ‖ רמה); Septuagint Vulgate lupanar, brothel, after analogy of fornix, but this without sufficient proof, & needless.

boss, or convex projection, of shield Job 15:26 (figuratively) he runneth against him … with the stout bosses of his shields (that is wicked against י׳); so ظهر in Arabic in similar phrase; compare also Arabic جَوْبٌ, shield; also French bouclier from boucle.

bulwarks, breastworks, figuratively for arguments לְגַבֵּי־חֹמֶר גַּבֵּיכֶם Job 13:12 breastworks of clay are your breastworks.

brow, only גַּבֹּת עֵינָיו Leviticus 14:9 his eyebrows.

rim of wheel, felloe I Kings 7:33; Ezekiel 1:18^(×2); so perhaps Ezekiel 10:12 see 1 above—Ezekiel 43:13; elevation, that is basement of altar, Davidson after Masoretic Text., but see גֹּבַהּ, compare above

גֹּב²

II Samuel 21:18, גּוֹב v II Samuel 21:19 n.pr.location (compare Aramaic גֻּבָּא den, and ܓܘܽܒܳܐ, Arabic جُبٌّ, Ethiopic ግብ Assyrian gubbu, well, cistern, see גבב)—field of battle with Philistines II Samuel 21:18 = גֶּזֶר in ‖ I Chronicles 20:4 (so here Th Ewald; compare Joshua 10:33), but = גַּת Septuagint Peshitta II Samuel 21:18 (SeptuagintL Γαζεθ); II Samuel 21:9 (om. ‖ I Chronicles 20:5), Septuagint Ρομ, Ροβ; Klostermann Gath; in v II Samuel 21:16 Wellhausen Driver (q.see) read בְּגֹב for בְּנֹב; site of Gob (si vera l.) unknown.

גִּבְּתוֹן

n.pr.location (mound, height, compare Targum גִּבְבָא ridge) Philistine city I Kings 15:27^(×2); I Kings 16:15, I Kings 16:17; assigned to Dan Joshua 19:44, and to Levites Joshua 21:23: site unknown; compare Lagarde^{Onom. 246, 2nd ed. 255}.

גּוֹב

n.[m.] locusts, Nahum 3:17; compare גֹּבַי.

גֹּבַי

noun (masc.); Amos 7:1 compare see Amos 7:2 coll. locusts (swarm, multitude; Aramaic גּוּבָא, plural גוּבָאֵי; on format. see Olshausen's Hebrew Grammar § 216 d), גֹּבַי symbol of Yahweh’s judgment on Isr. Amos 7:1; in sim. of disappearance of Assyrian leaders at destruction of Nineveh גּוֹב גּוֹבָ֑י Nahum 3:17 (locust-) swarm of locusts (‖ אַרְבֶּה); but del. גּוֹב as dittogr. Wellhausen al.

גָּבַהּ

verb be high, exalted (Mishnaic Hebrew the same (Hiph.), Aramaic גְּבַהּ, compare Arabic جَبْهَةٌ forehead, جَبَةٌ prominence of forehead; compare perhaps also Assyrian gabâni, heights (?) Lotz^{TP 133})—

past (עבר) ג׳ II Chronicles 26:16 + 5 times; גָּֽבְהָא֯ Ezekiel 31:5 (א = ה); גָּבַהְתָּ Ezekiel 31:10, גָּֽבְהוּ Job 35:5 + 3 times; future (עתיד) יִגְבַּהּ Proverbs 18:12 + 5 times; with suffix יִגְבְּהוּ Ezekiel 31:14, יִגְבָּ֑הוּ Job 36:7, תִּגְבָּ֑הוּ Jeremiah 13:15, תִּגְבְּהֶינָה Ezekiel 16:50; infinitive (מקור) כִּגְבֹהַּ Psalms 103:11, לְגָבְהָה Zephaniah 3:11;—

be high, lofty, tall, for example tree Ezekiel 19:11; Ezekiel 31:5, Ezekiel 31:10, Ezekiel 31:14, heavens Job 35:5 Isaiah 55:9 Psalms 103:11, man I Samuel 10:23.

be exalted, of man in dignity and honour Job 36:7, of servant of Yahweh Isaiah 52:13, God Isaiah 5:16, God’s ways Isaiah 55:9.

lofty גָּבַהּ לִבּוֹ:—

in a good sense, encouraged in the ways of Yahweh II Chronicles 17:6;

elsewhere in a bad sense, be haughty Psalms 131:1 Proverbs 18:12 II Chronicles 26:16; II Chronicles 32:25 Ezekiel 28:2, Ezekiel 28:5, Ezekiel 28:17, and so without לב Isaiah 3:16 Jeremiah 13:15 Ezekiel 16:50 Zephaniah 3:11.

past (עבר) הִגְבַּהְתִּי Ezekiel 17:24; future (עתיד) יַגְבִּיהַּ Job 39:27 Jeremiah 49:16 Obadiah 1:4; וַיַּגְבִּיהֶהָ II Chronicles 33:14; יַגְבִּיהוּ Job 5:7; infinitive (מקור) הַגְבֵּהַּ Isaiah 7:11 Ezekiel 21:31; participle (בינוני) מַגְבִּיהַּ Proverbs 17:19 Psalms 113:5;—make high, exalt, for example trees Ezekiel 17:24, wall II Chronicles 33:14, gate Proverbs 17:19, nest Jeremiah 49:16 Obadiah 1:4, dwelling Psalms 113:5 a request Isaiah 7:11, the lowly Ezekiel 21:31; יַגְבִּיהוּ עוּף make their flight high, soar aloft Job 5:7, without עוף Job 39:27.

גָּבֹהַּ

adjective high, exalted—I Samuel 9:2 + 15 times; גָּבוֹהַּ Psalms 138:6; construct גְּבֹהַּ I Samuel 16:7; גְּבַהּ (Ewald's Hebrew Grammar § 213 d) Psalms 101:5 + 3 times; plural גְּבֹהִים Ecclesiastes 5:7 + 5 times; f. גְּבֹהָה Deuteronomy 3:5 + 6 times; plural גְּבֹהוֹת Daniel 8:3 + 2 times; גְּבֹהֹת Deuteronomy 28:52;—

high, lofty, tall, for example Ezekiel 17:24, tower Isaiah 2:15 Zephaniah 1:16, mountain Genesis 7:19 Psalms 104:18 Isaiah 40:9; Isaiah 57:7 Ezekiel 17:22; Ezekiel 40:2; compare phrases על כל גבעה גבהה upon every high hill I Kings 14:23 II Kings 17:10 Jeremiah 2:20; על גבעות הגבהות Jeremiah 17:2; עַל־כָּל־הַר גָּבֹהַּ Isaiah 30:25 Jeremiah 3:6; man I Samuel 9:2; tree גְּבַהּ קוֹמָה Ezekiel 31:3; horns Daniel 8:3; walls Deuteronomy 3:5; Deuteronomy 28:52; gallows Esther 5:14; Esther 7:9; gate Jeremiah 51:58; altar Ezekiel 41:22; high things Job 41:26 Ecclesiastes 12:5.

exalted in station Ezekiel 21:31; כִּי גָּבֹהַּ מֵעַל גָּבֹהַּ שֹׁמֵר וּגְבֹהִים עֲלֵיהֶם for high one above high one is watching, & the Most High over them Ecclesiastes 5:7 so Ewald Zö al., but Vrss De Nowack al. higher (earthly), potentates over them.

haughty Psalms 138:6 Isaiah 5:15; Isaiah 10:33 I Samuel 2:3; גְּבַהּ־עֵינַיִם Psalms 101:5; ג׳ לֵב Proverbs 16:5; ג׳ רוּחַ Ecclesiastes 7:8.

n.[m.] loftiness, גְּבֹהַּ קוֹמָתוֹ I Samuel 16:7; compare גָּדוֹל 10, p. 153.

גֹּ֫בַהּ

noun (masc.) height—Job 22:12 + 9 times; with suffix גָּבְהוֹ I Samuel 17:4 + 5 times; plural construct גָּבְהֵי Job 11:8;—

height, of buildings and trees Ezekiel 1:18; Ezekiel 19:11; Ezekiel 31:10, Ezekiel 31:14; Ezekiel 40:42; Ezekiel 41:8 II Chronicles 3:4 Amos 2:9; probably also Ezekiel 43:13 (of altar), so Septuagint Ewald Co for Masoretic Text גַּב (q.see); of man I Samuel 17:4; heaven Job 11:8; Job 22:12 (גבה construct SI⁶ of rock).

exaltation, grandeur Job 40:10.

haughtiness, Jeremiah 48:29; גּ׳ אַף Psalms 10:4; גּ׳־לִבּוֹ II Chronicles 32:26; גּ׳ רוּחַ Proverbs 16:18.

גַּבְהוּת

noun (fem.) haughtiness, Isaiah 2:11, Isaiah 2:17.

גִּבֵּחַ

adjective having a bald forehead, ג׳ הוּא Leviticus 13:41 (P ‖ קֵרֵחַ הוּא v Leviticus 13:40).

גֹּבַי²

see sub גבה.

גַּבַּי

see under גבב.

גְּבוּל

noun (masc.) Numbers 34, Numbers 3 border, boundary, territory (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Punic gubulim (plural, Plaut^{Poen. i. 9})—גְּבוּל Genesis 10:19 + 168 times + Joshua 15:47 Kt (but read Qr גָּדוֹל); גְּבֻל Numbers 21:13 + 9 times; (both, in absolute & construct, for example absolute Numbers 22:36; Numbers 34:8, construct Genesis 10:19 II Samuel 21:5); with suffix גְּבוּלִי I Chronicles 4:10, גְּבוּלְךָ Exodus 7:27, גְבֻלְךָ Exodus 23:31 + 3 times, etc.; plural (8 times) only with suffix גְּבוּלֶיךָ Jeremiah 15:13; Jeremiah 17:3, etc.;—

border, boundary,

of a land or people: Canaanites Genesis 10:19, Edom Numbers 20:23 Joshua 15:1, Joshua 15:21 (all P) compare Obadiah 1:7, Amorites Numbers 21:13 Joshua 13:4 compare Joshua 12:5 Judges 1:36, Moab Numbers 21:13, Numbers 21:15; Numbers 22:36 Numbers 33:44 Deuteronomy 2:18 Judges 11:18^(×2) II Kings 3:21 Isaiah 15:8, Ammon Numbers 21:24 Deuteronomy 3:16 Joshua 12:2; Joshua 13:10 (all D) Amos 1:13, Bashan Joshua 12:4, Egypt I Kings 5:1 = II Chronicles 9:26, Isaiah 19:19; especially of promised land Exodus 23:31; Exodus 34:24 Numbers 34:3 + 13 times Numbers 34 (all P) Deuteronomy 11:24; Deuteronomy 12:20; Deuteronomy 16:4 Joshua 1:4, compare Ezekiel 45:1 + 10 times Ezekiel 45-48; also of Israel II Kings 14:25 Amos 6:2 Malachi 1:5.

boundary of smaller divisions, for example Geshurites Deuteronomy 3:14 Joshua 12:5; Joshua 13:11 (all D), compare Joshua 16:2, Joshua 16:3 Joshua 19:12; especially of tribes of Israel Deuteronomy 3:16, Deuteronomy 3:17 Joshua 13:30 (all D) Joshua 13:16 + 60 times Joshua 13-19;—Joshua 15:47 read גדול see above Joshua 22:25 & Joshua 17:8; Joshua 18:11; Joshua 24:30, compare I Chronicles 6:39, I Chronicles 6:51 II Chronicles 11:13 Ezekiel 48:1 + 15 times Ezekiel 48 (incl. v Ezekiel 48:22^(×2) q. del. Co);—in I Samuel 13:18 read for גְּבוּל, הַגֶּבַע Septuagint Wellhausen Driver

boundary of territory belonging to an individual,—of field, piece of ground, etc. Genesis 23:17 Deuteronomy 19:14; Deuteronomy 27:17, Joshua 24:30 = Judges 2:9 I Chronicles 4:10 Proverbs 15:25; Proverbs 22:28; Proverbs 23:10 Hosea 5:10.

border of stream Numbers 22:36.

limit to waters of deep Psalms 104:9 compare Jeremiah 5:22.

a concrete object marking limit, (α) barrier in Ezekiel’s temple Ezekiel 40:12 (del. Septuagint Peshitta Co) v Ezekiel 40:12; (β) border of altar Ezekiel 43:13, Ezekiel 43:17, Ezekiel 43:20; (γ) surrounding wall of restored Zion Isaiah 54:12 (so Septuagint Ewald Kn Cheyne; De Brd territory, Dillmann undecided).

territory (enclosed within boundary),

of land or people Genesis 47:21 Exodus 7:27 Exodus 10:4, Exodus 10:14 (‖ ארץ) v Exodus 10:19; Exodus 13:7 (all J), Numbers 20:16, Numbers 20:17, Numbers 20:21; Numbers 21:22 (E; ‖ ארץ) = Judges 11:20, Numbers 21:23 Deuteronomy 2:4; Deuteronomy 19:3 (גּ׳ אַרְצְךָ) v Deuteronomy 19:8; Deuteronomy 28:40 Joshua 18:5^(×2) Judges 11:22; Judges 19:29 II Samuel 21:5 I Kings 1:3 II Kings 10:32 I Chronicles 21:12 (‖ ארץ) Psalms 105:31 (= ארץ in ‖ Ezekiel 8:16, Ezekiel 8:17) v Psalms 105:33; Psalms 147:14 Jeremiah 31:17 Ezekiel 11:10, Ezekiel 11:11 Joel 4:6 Zephaniah 2:8.

territory of a city (or limit of such territory) Numbers 35:26, Numbers 35:27 Joshua 13:26 Judges 1:18^(×3) Ezekiel 47:16^(×2); Ezekiel 47:17^(×2) (del. Septuagint Co) Ezekiel 48:1 Amos 6:2.

territory about Ezekiel’s temple Ezekiel 43:12.

plural in like sense (only use of plural), of land Micah 5:5 Isaiah 60:18 (‖ ארץ) Jeremiah 15:13; Jeremiah 17:3, compare city I Samuel 5:6 II Kings 15:16; II Kings 18:8; so Ezekiel 27:4 of Tyre.

figuratively territory (region) of darkness Job 38:20; territory of wickedness Malachi 1:4 (of Edom); territory of his holiness Psalms 78:54 (of Canaan).

גְּבוּלָה

noun (fem.) border, boundary—with suffix גְּבֻלָתוֹ Isaiah 28:25; Pl. absolute גְּבֻלֹת Numbers 32:33, גְּבֻלוֹת Job 24:2; construct גְּבוּלוֹת Psalms 74:17, גְּבוּלֹת Isaiah 10:13, גְּבֻלֹת Deuteronomy 32:8; with suffix גְּבוּלֹתֶיהָ Joshua 18:20; Joshua 19:49, גְבֻלֹתֶיהָ Numbers 34:2, Numbers 34:12; border, boundary of the earth (poet.) Psalms 74:17; of peoples Isaiah 10:13 Deuteronomy 32:8 (poem); of land of Canaan Numbers 34:2, Numbers 34:12 Joshua 19:49; of a tribe Joshua 18:20; of territory about cities Numbers 32:33; of a piece of ground Job 24:2; of barley-field Isaiah 28:25.

גַּבְלֻת

noun (fem.) twisting—שַׁרְשֹׁת גַּבְלֻת Exodus 28:22, שַׁרְשְׁרֹת גּ׳ Exodus 39:15 (both P), cords of twisting, i. e. (well or tightly) twisted cords.

גְּבַל

n.pr.location maritime city on the Pheuician coast Ezekiel 27:9; (Phoenician גבל = Byblus (Smend Dillmann Joshua 13:5); in Assyrian Gubli COT^Gloss.); mod. Jebeil Bd^{Pal 358}; see also Furrer^{ZPV viii. 20}.

גְּבָל

n.pr.location (= Arabic جِبَال, Γεβαληνη) mountainous region S. of Dead Sea, Targum Seir, compare Jos^{Ant. ii, 1, 2; ix, 9, 1}; Psalms 83:8 גבָל ועמון ועמלק;—mod. Jibâl; Seetzen ^{ii. 357} Burckh^{Travels 401} Rob^{BR ii, 154}.

גִּבֵּן

adjective crook-backed, hump-backed (compare Aramaic גְּבִין the same, Mishnaic Hebrew גַּבָּן highlander; also Mishnaic Hebrew גבין, Aramaic גבינא, ܓܒܺܝܢܳܐ, all = brow (eyebrow, etc.); compare Arabic جَبِينٌ side of forehead), Leviticus 21:20.

גֶּ֫בַע

n.pr.location—ג׳ absolute Joshua 21:17 +; construct Judges 20:10 +; גָּ֑בַע Joshua 18:24 +;—Levitical city, in Benjamin Joshua 21:17 = I Chronicles 6:45 Joshua 18:24 compare I Chronicles 8:6, I Kings 15:22 Nehemiah 11:31; also I Samuel 13:16 & Judges 20:10, Judges 20:33 Masoretic Text, in all three read (גִּבְעַת) גִּבְעָה, compare context;—northernmost city in kingdom of Judah II Kings 23:8 from Geba to Beersheba, compare Zechariah 14:10; situated S. of pass of Michmash Isaiah 10:29 I Samuel 14:5 compare I Samuel 13:3; mentioned also II Chronicles 16:6 Ezra 2:26 Nehemiah 7:29; Nehemiah 12:29; in I Samuel 13:18 Septuagint Wellhausen Driver read הַגֶּבַע for Masoretic Text גְּבוּל q.see; (II Samuel 5:25 read גבעון with Septuagint and I Chronicles 14:16).—Mod. Jebaʿ Rob^{BR i. 440 f.} Bd^{Pal 120}.

גִּבְעָא

n.pr.m. a son of Caleb I Chronicles 2:49.

גִּבְעָה

noun (fem.) hill—absolute גִּבְעָה II Samuel 2:25 + 13 times + Ezekiel 6:13 (del. Co q.see) I Samuel 7:1 II Samuel 6:3, II Samuel 6:4 (compare Driver); construct גִּבְעַת Joshua 5:3 + 8 times + I Samuel 10:5 (compare Driver); with suffix גִּבְעָתִי Ezekiel 34:26 (but del. Co), גִּבְעָתָהּ Isaiah 31:4; plural absolute גְּבָעוֹת Deuteronomy 12:2 + 35 times; construct גִּבְעוֹת Deuteronomy 33:15 Habakkuk 3:6, גִּבְעֹת Genesis 49:26; with suffix גִּבְעוֹתֶיךָ Ezekiel 35:8;—hill, height, elevation, both high and low, compare Psalms 148:9 ההרים וכל גבעות, Psalms 65:13;—

in ordinary prose, hill, lower than mountain Exodus 17:9, Exodus 17:10 II Samuel 2:25; it may be n.pr. in I Samuel 7:1; I Samuel 10:10 II Samuel 6:3, II Samuel 6:4 see also sub ii. גִּבְעָה.

especially as place of illicit worship עַל כָּל־ג׳ גְּבֹהָה ותחת כל עץ רענן I Kings 14:23 II Kings 17:10 Jeremiah 2:20; compare Deuteronomy 12:2 II Kings 16:4 II Chronicles 28:4 (these two + במות); also Hosea 4:13 Jeremiah 13:27; Jeremiah 17:2 Ezekiel 6:13 (see above).

very commonly ‖ הר in poet. & proph. Deuteronomy 33:15 Psalms 72:3; Psalms 114:4, Psalms 114:6; Psalms 148:9 Song of Songs 2:8; Song of Songs 4:6 Isaiah 2:2, Isaiah 2:14; Isaiah 30:17, Isaiah 30:25; Isaiah 31:4; Isaiah 40:4, Isaiah 40:12; Isaiah 41:15; Isaiah 42:15; Isaiah 54:10; Isaiah 55:12; Isaiah 65:7 Jeremiah 3:23; Jeremiah 4:24; Jeremiah 16:16; Jeremiah 50:7 Ezekiel 6:3; Ezekiel 34:6; Ezekiel 35:8; Ezekiel 36:4, Ezekiel 36:6 Hosea 4:13; Hosea 10:8 Joel 4:18 Amos 9:13 Micah 4:1; Micah 6:1 Nahum 1:5 Habakkuk 3:6; rarely in prose Deuteronomy 12:2; sometimes as rejoicing Psalms 65:13, majestic (poet.) ג׳ עולם Genesis 49:26 Deuteronomy 33:15 Habakkuk 3:6 (‘everlasting hills’); compare also Job 15:7; high Proverbs 8:25 (with adjective high, compare above) Jeremiah 49:16.

hills with special names, some nearly or quite = n.pr.location, which see under the respective words: ג׳ הַמּוֹרֶה Judges 7:1 teacher’s hill, in valley of Jezreel; ג׳ הָעֲרָלוֹת Joshua 5:3 hill of the fore-skins; ג׳ הָאֱלֹהִים I Samuel 10:5 (a designation of Gibeah); ג׳ הַחֲכִילָה I Samuel 23:19; I Samuel 26:1, I Samuel 26:3; ג׳ אַמָּה II Samuel 2:24; ג׳ הַלְּבוֹנָה Song of Songs 4:6 (that is hill where frankincense is grown); ג׳ גָּרֵ֑ב Jeremiah 31:39; ג׳ יְרוּשָׁלַם Isaiah 10:32 compare Isaiah 31:4 (where ‖ הַר־צִיּוֹן), Ezekiel 34:26 (see above) & הַגְּבָעוֹת Zephaniah 1:10 hills on which Jerusalem stands.

גִּבְעָה²

n.pr.location (hill)—ג׳ Joshua 15:57 +; (הַ)גִּבְעָ֫תָה Judges 20:4 + 5 times; גִּבְעַת Joshua 18:28; construct גִּבְעַת I Samuel 11:4 + 9 times; absolute always c. art. except Joshua 15:57; Joshua 18:28 Judges 19:12; Judges 20:31 I Samuel 10:26 II Chronicles 13:2;—

a city of Judah Joshua 15:57 (perhaps one of two villages called Gabaa, Gabatha in Onom. see Lagarde^{Onom. 246, 128; 2nd ed. 255, 160}).

city of Benj. Judges 19:14, Judges 19:16 + 20 times Ju, I Samuel 10:26; I Samuel 14:2; I Samuel 22:6; I Samuel 26:1 II Samuel 23:29 = I Chronicles 11:31; also Hosea 5:8; Hosea 9:9; Hosea 10:9^(×2) (compare Judges 19:12) II Chronicles 13:2; perhaps also I Samuel 7:1; I Samuel 10:10 II Samuel 6:3, II Samuel 6:4 read also (for גבע) I Samuel 13:16 Judges 20:10, Judges 20:33; = גִּבְעַת Joshua 18:28; called also גִּבְעַת בִּנְיָמִין I Samuel 13:2, I Samuel 13:15; I Samuel 14:16, & גִּבְעַת שָׁאוּל I Samuel 11:4; I Samuel 15:34 Isaiah 10:29; II Samuel 21:6 read probably גִּבְעוֹן, Septuagint Wellhausen Driver.

a city of Ephraim, called גִּבְעַת פִּֽינְחָס Joshua 24:33.

גִּבְעַת

n.pr.location (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 80, R. 2) see foregoing, 2.

גָּבִיעַ

noun (masc.) ^{Genesis 44:12} cup, bowl—ג׳ Genesis 44:12 + 2 times; construct גְּבִיעַ Genesis 44:2; with suffix גְּבִיעִי Genesis 44:2; plural גְּבִיעִים Exodus 25:34, גְּבִעִים v Exodus 25:33^(×2) + 4 times; with suffix גְּבִיעֶיהָ Exodus 25:31; Exodus 34:17;—cup (of Joseph) Genesis 44:2, Genesis 44:12, Genesis 44:16, Genesis 44:17; plural cups (of golden candlestick in tab.) Exodus 25:31, Exodus 25:33^(×2), Exodus 25:34; Exodus 37:17, Exodus 37:19^(×2), Exodus 37:20; bowls Jeremiah 35:5 גְּבִעִים מלאים יין וכֹסוֹת.

גִּבְעוֹן

n.pr.location—ג׳ Joshua 9:17 +; c. ָה location, גִּבְע֫וֹנָה II Samuel 12 compare I Kings 3:4;—Levitical city in tribe of Benjamin; formerly inhabited by Hivites Joshua 9:17; Joshua 10:2, Joshua 10:4, Joshua 10:5, Joshua 10:10, Joshua 10:12, Joshua 10:41; Joshua 11:19; Joshua 18:25; Joshua 21:17 II Samuel 2:12, II Samuel 2:13 (pool of Gibeon) v II Samuel 2:16; II Samuel 3:30; II Samuel 20:8 Jeremiah 28:1; Jeremiah 41:12 (great waters which are in Gibeon) v Jeremiah 41:16 I Chronicles 14:16; vid. especially יוֹשְׁבֵי ג׳, אַנְשֵׁי ג׳ Joshua 9:3 (called Hivites Joshua 9:7) Joshua 10:1, Joshua 10:6; Joshua 11:19 Nehemiah 3:7, so בְּנֵי ג׳ Nehemiah 7:24 (= בְּנֵי גִבָּר Ezra 2:20, see גִּבָּר); compare also as n.pr.m. I Chronicles 8:29 וּבְגִבְעוֹן יָֽשְׁבוּ אֲבִי גִבְעוֹן = I Chronicles 9:35; compare מִדְבַּר ג׳ II Samuel 2:24, עֵמֶק בְּג׳ Isaiah 28:21; it was the site of a great Bamah I Kings 3:4, I Kings 3:5; I Kings 9:2, where was ‘the tabernacle of Yahweh in the high place’ according to I Chronicles 16:39, compare I Chronicles 21:29 II Chronicles 1:3, II Chronicles 1:13.

גִּבְעֹל

n.[m.] bud (Olshausen's Hebrew Grammar § 216 b)—Exodus 9:31 the flax was bud (i. e. in bud Driver^{§ 188. (2)}), compare Robertson Smith^{JPh. xii. 299, 300}.

גָּבַר

verb be strong, mighty (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Aramaic גְּבַר; Arabic جَبَرَ (conjunction I. dial.; usually in derived conjunction) compel, force; جَبَرِيَّةٌ overbearing behaviour, جَبْرٌ constraint; Ethiopic ገብረ I, 1, subigere; II, 2, cogere; Syriac ܐܶܬܓܰܒܰܪ play the man, is denom. from ܓܒܰܪ man)—

past (עבר) ג׳ Psalms 103:11 + 5 times; גָּבְֽרוּ Genesis 7:19 + 6 times; גָּבֵ֑רוּ II Samuel 1:23; future (עתיד) יִגְבַּר I Samuel 2:9; וַיִּגְבְּרוּ Genesis 7:18, Genesis 7:24;—

be strong, mighty, absolute גָּבְֽרוּ חַיִל mighty in power Job 21:7; with מִן stronger than II Samuel 1:23 Psalms 65:4; with בְּ mighty among I Chronicles 5:2.

prevail:—

absolute for example enemies Exodus 17:11^(×2) I Samuel 2:9 Lamentations 1:16, waters Genesis 7:18, Genesis 7:19, Genesis 7:20, Genesis 7:24, power Jeremiah 9:2;

with עַל prevail over, subj. enemies II Samuel 11:23, blessings Genesis 49:26, mercy of God Psalms 103:11; Psalms 117:2.

past (עבר) גִּבַּרְתִּי Zechariah 10:6; with suffix גִּבַּרְתִּים Zechariah 10:12; future (עתיד) יְגַבֵּר Ecclesiastes 10:10 make strong, strengthen.

past (עבר) הִגְבִּיר בְּרִית לְ confirm a covenant Daniel 9:27; future (עתיד) נַגְבִּיר לִלְשֹׁנֵנוּ we will confirm a covenant with our tongue Ewald Olshausen Cheyne (or, to our tongue will we give strength Hitzig De) Psalms 12:5.

future (עתיד) יִתְגַּבָּ֑ר Job 15:25 Isaiah 42:13; יִתְגַּבָּ֑רוּ Job 36:9:—of י׳, shew himself a mighty one against (עַל) Isaiah 42:13; of wicked, behave proudly toward (אֶל) Job 15:25; of erring righteous (absolute) Job 36:9.

גְּבַר

see following.

גֶּ֫בֶר

noun (masc.) man (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, MI¹⁶ גברן (plural), Aramaic גְּבַר, ܓܒܰܪ; Assyrian gabru, rival is Akkadian loanword according to Schr^{JLZ 1874, 200} Delitzsch^{S 120, Smend. Chald. Gen. 286})—Deuteronomy 22:5 + 39 times; גָּ֑בֶר Job 3:3 + 13 times; construct גְּבֶּר Psalms 18:26 (= II Samuel 22:26 גִּבּוֹר but Septuagint Peshitta read גֶּבֶר); plural גְּבָרים Jeremiah 41:16 + 10 times;—man as strong, disting. from women, children, and non-combatants whom he is to defend, chiefly poetic Exodus 10:11 Numbers 24:3, Numbers 24:15 Exodus 12:37 Joshua 7:14, Joshua 7:17, Joshua 7:18 Deuteronomy 22:5^(×2) Judges 5:30 II Samuel 23:1 I Chronicles 23:3; I Chronicles 24:4; I Chronicles 26:12 Job 3:3 + 14 times Jb; Psalms 18:26 + 8 times ψ; Proverbs 6:34 + 7 times Pr; Isaiah 22:17 Jeremiah 17:5 + 8 times Je; Lamentations 3:1, Lamentations 3:27, Lamentations 3:35, Lamentations 3:39 Daniel 8:15 Micah 2:2 Habakkuk 2:5 Zechariah 13:7; also I Samuel 10:21 Septuagint Wellhausen Driver; = each (of locusts) Joel 2:8, compare אישׁ.

גֶּ֫בֶר²

n.pr.m. an official of Solomon I Kings 4:19 (compare בֶּן־גֶּבֶר v I Kings 4:13, p. 122 above)

גִּבָּר

n.pr. (Aramaic the same = hero) Ezra 2:20 probably = גִּבְעוֹן Nehemiah 7:24.

גִּבּוֹר

adjective strong, mighty (compare Arabic جَبَّارٌ one who magnifies himself, behaves proudly, a tyrant, who is bold, audacious)—Genesis 10:9 + 58 times; גִּבֹּר Genesis 10:8 + 2 times; גִּבּוֹרָם I Samuel 17:51; plural גִּבּוֹרִים Jeremiah 46:9 + 27 times; גִּבֹּרִים Joshua 10:2 + 21 times; construct גִּבּוֹרֵי I Chronicles 11:27 + 29 times; גִּבֹּרֵי I Chronicles 9:26 + 4 times; with suffix גִּבּוֹרֶיךָ Hosea 10:13 + (var. sfs. 11 times);—

adjective גִּבּוֹר בַּבְּהֵמָה mightiest among beasts Proverbs 30:30; אִישׁ גִּבּוֹר I Samuel 14:52; גִּבּוֹר בָּאָרֶץ Psalms 112:2; גִּבּוֹר צַיִד mighty in hunting Genesis 10:9; מלך גבור Daniel 11:3; אֵל גִּבּוֹר the Messiah Isaiah 9:5; attribute of God especially as fighting for his people Psalms 24:8^(×2) Deuteronomy 10:17 Nehemiah 9:32 Isaiah 10:21 Jeremiah 32:18 (compare Arabic الجَبَّارُ).

noun (masc.) strong, valiant man Joshua 10:2 Genesis 6:4; Genesis 10:8 Judges 5:13, Judges 5:23 I Samuel 2:4 + 16 times I Kings 1:8, I Kings 1:10 II Kings 24:16 I Chronicles 1:10 + 11 times Ezra 7:28 Job 16:14 Psalms 19:6; Psalms 33:16; Psalms 45:4; Psalms 52:3; Psalms 78:65; Psalms 89:20; Psalms 120:4; Psalms 127:4 Proverbs 16:32; Proverbs 21:22 Song of Songs 3:7^(×2); Song of Songs 4:4 Ecclesiastes 9:11 Isaiah 3:2; Isaiah 13:3; Isaiah 21:17; Isaiah 42:13; Isaiah 49:24, Isaiah 49:25 Jeremiah 5:16 + 17 times Ezekiel 32:12 + 5 times Hosea 10:13 Joel 2:7; Joel 4:9, Joel 4:10, Joel 4:11 Amos 2:14, Amos 2:16 Obadiah 1:9 Nahum 2:4 Zephaniah 1:14; Zephaniah 3:17 Zechariah 9:13; Zechariah 10:5, Zechariah 10:7; compare phrases גִּבּוֹר חיל mighty man of valour Judges 6:12; Judges 11:1 I Samuel 9:1; I Samuel 16:18 I Kings 11:28 II Kings 5:1 (וְהָאִישׁ הָיָה גִּבּוֹר חַיִל מְצֹרָ֑ע so Septuagint al. SeptuagintL ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἦν λεπρός, compare also Klostermann’s doubtful emend.), I Chronicles 12:28; I Chronicles 28:1 II Chronicles 13:3; II Chronicles 17:16, II Chronicles 17:17; II Chronicles 25:6; II Chronicles 32:21; אישׁ גבור חיל Ruth 2:1; גבורי החיל Joshua 1:14 Joshua 6:2; Joshua 10:7 II Kings 15:20; II Kings 24:14; אישׁ גבורי החיל Joshua 8:3; גברי חיל I Chronicles 5:24 + 14 times Nehemiah 11:14; גבורי חילים I Chronicles 7:5, I Chronicles 7:7, I Chronicles 7:11, I Chronicles 7:40; גבורי החילים I Chronicles 11:26; גברי כח Psalms 103:20; גבורי מלחמה II Chronicles 13:3; גברי הֹשׂערים I Chronicles 9:26; בית הגבורים Nehemiah 3:16; (ה)צָבָא הגבורים II Samuel 10:7 I Chronicles 19:8; ראשׁי הגברים I Chronicles 11:10; גבורים לשׁתות valiant to drink Isaiah 5:22.

גְּבוּרָה

noun (fem.) strength, might—Exodus 32:18 + 16 times; construct גְּבוּרַת Psalms 147:10; with suffix גְּבוּרָתוֹ + (sfs. 32 times); plural גְּבוּרוֹת Job 41:4 + 3 times; גְּבֻרוֹת Psalms 71:16; גְּבוּרֹתֶיךָ Deuteronomy 3:24 + (sfs. 6 times);—

strength, compare horse Job 39:19 Psalms 147:10, crocodile Job 41:4, sun Judges 5:31, body of man Psalms 90:10 Ecclesiastes 9:16; Ecclesiastes 10:17.

might, valour, of warriors Judges 8:21 Proverbs 8:14 Isaiah 3:25; Isaiah 28:6; Isaiah 30:15 Jeremiah 9:22; Jeremiah 23:10; Jeremiah 49:35; Jeremiah 51:30 Ezekiel 32:29, Ezekiel 32:30 Micah 3:8; Micah 7:16; קוֹל עֲנוֹת גְּבוּרָה noise of shouting in warlike strength Exodus 32:18; עֵצָה וּגְבוּרָה II Kings 18:20 Isaiah 11:2; Isaiah 36:5; compare phrases of compiler of Kings כֹּל גְּבוּרָתוֹ I Kings 15:23 II Kings 10:34; II Kings 20:20; אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה וּגְבוּרָתוֹ I Kings 16:5, I Kings 16:27; I Kings 22:46 II Kings 13:8, II Kings 13:12; II Kings 14:15, II Kings 14:28; compare also מַלְכוּתוֹ וּגְבוּרָתוֹ I Chronicles 29:30, תָקְפּוֹ וּגְבוּרָתוֹ Esther 10:2.

might of God Job 26:14 Psalms 21:14; Psalms 54:3; Psalms 65:7; Psalms 66:7; Psalms 71:18; Psalms 80:3; Psalms 89:14; Psalms 106:8; Psalms 145:11 Isaiah 33:13 Jeremiah 10:6; Jeremiah 16:21; compare phrases כח וגבורה I Chronicles 29:12 II Chronicles 20:6, חכמה וג׳ Job 12:13, משׁפט וג׳ Micah 3:8, הגדלה והג׳ I Chronicles 29:11; גְּבוּרוֹת mighty deeds of God Deuteronomy 3:24 Psalms 20:7; Psalms 71:16; Psalms 106:2; Psalms 145:4, Psalms 145:12; Psalms 150:2 Isaiah 63:15.

גְּבִיר

noun (masc.) lord, Genesis 27:29, Genesis 27:37.

גְּבֶ֫רֶת

noun (fem.)

lady, queen, Isaiah 47:5, Isaiah 47:7.

mistress of servants, with suffix גְּבִרְתִּי Genesis 16:8; גְּבִרְתֵּךְ Genesis 16:9; גְּבִרְתָּהּ Genesis 16:4 II Kings 5:3 Psalms 123:2 Proverbs 30:23; (plural גברת women MI¹⁶); גְּבִרְתָּהּ Isaiah 24:2.

גַּבְרִיאֵל

n.pr.m. (man of Ēl) an archangel Daniel 8:16; Daniel 9:21 (compare Lu 1:19).

גִּבְּתוֹן²

see sub גבב.

גָּג

noun (masc.) roof, top (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Dillmann comp. Ethiopic ጋግ, ጋጋ vinculum (ferreum), jugo simil. collare ferreum; √ doubtful; Gesenius' Thesaurus proposes גנג; perhaps גנג (= גנגן) cover Böttcher's Hebrew Grammar § 292 Stade's Hebrew Grammar § 189 a Muhlau-Volck)—גָּג Joshua 2:6 + 9 times + I Samuel 9:26 Kt (Qr גָּ֫גָה), גָּ֫גָה Joshua 2:6 I Samuel 9:26 Qr (Kt גג); construct Judges 9:51 + 2 times + Ezekiel 40:13 (del. Co see below); with suffix גַּגֶּ֑ךָ Deuteronomy 22:8, גַּגּוֹ Exodus 30:3 + 2 times + Ezekiel 40:13 (del. Co see below); plural גַּגּוֹת Isaiah 37:27 + 5 times; with suffix גַּגּוֹתֶיהָ Isaiah 15:3, גַּגּוֹתֵיהֶם Jeremiah 32:29, גַּגֹּתֵיהֶם Jeremiah 19:13;—

roof (of house) Deuteronomy 22:8 Joshua 2:6^(×2), Joshua 2:8 Judges 16:27 I Samuel 9:25, I Samuel 9:26 II Samuel 11:2^(×2); II Samuel 16:22 II Kings 19:26 = Isaiah 37:27, Nehemiah 8:16 Psalms 102:8; Psalms 129:6 Proverbs 21:9; Proverbs 25:24 Isaiah 15:3; Isaiah 22:1 Jeremiah 48:38; as places of idolatrous worship (especially of heavenly bodies) Jeremiah 19:13; Jeremiah 32:29 Zephaniah 1:5; so הַגָּג עֲלִיַּת אָחָז II Kings 23:12, roof of tower Judges 9:51, over gate II Samuel 18:24, of chamber Ezekiel 40:13^(×2) (but Septuagint Co קיר).

top of altar of incense, in tabern. Exodus 30:3; Exodus 37:26 (both P).

גַּד

see sub גדד.

גְּדוּד

noun (masc.) ^{Genesis 49:19} band, troop (as making inroads; others, as a division, detachment (as severed), but this usually later in Hebrew)—ג׳ absolute I Samuel 30:8 + 19 times; construct II Chronicles 25:9; plural גְּדוּדִים II Samuel 4:2 + 2 times; construct גְּדוּדֵי II Kings 6:23 + 6 times; with suffix גְּדוּדָיו Job 19:12; Job 25:3;—

marauding band (making incursions, inroads, compare גדד) I Samuel 30:8, I Samuel 30:15^(×2), I Samuel 30:23 compare I Chronicles 12:22, also II Chronicles 22:1 I Kings 11:24 II Kings 5:2; II Kings 6:23; II Kings 13:20, II Kings 13:21; II Kings 24:2^(×4) compare II Samuel 22:30 = Psalms 18:30, & Genesis 49:19 (see גַּד 30:11) Hosea 6:9; Hosea 7:1 Jeremiah 18:22; שָׂרֵי גְּדוּדִים II Samuel 4:2, compare וַיִּתְּנֵם בְּרָאשֵׁי הַגְּדוּד I Chronicles 12:19; figuratively of God’s attacking forces, his chastisements Job 19:12 (compare Job 25:3 below)

troop, of divisions of army of Isr. (late) גְּדוּדֵי צְבָא מִלְחָמָה I Chronicles 7:4, compare II Chronicles 26:11; band of Israel, that is troop of mercenaries hired from Isr. by Amaziah II Chronicles 25:9, II Chronicles 25:10; בְּנֵי הַגְּדוּד that is soldiers of the band II Chronicles 25:13; of army in general כְּמֶלֶךְ בַּגְּדוּד Job 29:25, in sim.; also Micah 4:14 בַּת־גְּדוּד of Zion.

foray, raid II Samuel 3:22.

גְּדוּד²

n.[m. or f.

גַּד²

noun (masc.) coriander (Mishnaic Hebrew גִּיד, Aramaic גִּידָּא; connexion with above √ doubtful; see further Löw^{Noldeke. 155})—זֶרַע גַּד Exodus 16:31 Numbers 11:7, sim. of manna.

גַּד³

n.[m.] fortune, good fortune (Arabic جَدٌّ the same, Aramaic גַּדָּא, ܓܰܕܳܐ )—Genesis 30:11 בּגד Kt, that is בְּגָד (בָּא גָד֑ Qr), Septuagint ἐν τύχῃ, by or with good fortune.

n.pr.m. god of fortune (Arabic جَدّ Wellhausen^{Skizzen iii. 171}; גד named often in Phoenician & Aramaic inscript., & found in Phoenician & Aramaic n.pr., Bae^{Rel 76 f.} Noldeke^{ZMG 1888, 479}; see especially Siegf^{JPTh 1875, 356 ff.})—c. לְ + art. לַגַּד Isaiah 65:11 compare Cheyne.

גָּד

n.pr.m. (fortunatus? perhaps der. from foregoing divine name Siegf^{JPTh 1875, 364} Stade^{Gesch. i. 148}; but see also Bae^{Rel. 159 f.})—גָּ֥ד Genesis 35:26 +, as well as גָּד֑ Genesis 30:11 +;—

son of Jacob and Zilpah;

strictly as personal name Genesis 30:11; Genesis 35:26; Genesis 46:16 Exodus 1:4 compare Genesis 49:19 I Chronicles 2:2.

as name of tribe Numbers 1:14 Deuteronomy 27:13; Deuteronomy 33:20^(×2) Joshua 18:7 Ezekiel 48:27, Ezekiel 48:28; compare אֶרֶץ גָּד I Samuel 13:7 see also Jeremiah 49:1, שַׁעַר גָּד Ezekiel 48:34, on הַנַּחַל הַגָּד II Samuel 24:5 compare Wellhausen Driver; explicitly מַטֵּה גָּד Numbers 1:25; Numbers 2:14; Numbers 13:15 Joshua 13:24; Joshua 20:8; Joshua 21:7, Joshua 21:36 I Chronicles 6:48, I Chronicles 6:65; once, צְבָא מַטֵּה בְנֵי־גָד Numbers 10:20; בְּנֵי גָד (MI¹⁰ אש גד) Numbers 1:24 + 12 times Nu; Joshua 4:12 + 14 times Jos; I Chronicles 5:11; I Chronicles 12:14.

a prophet in David’s time, called נָבִיא I Samuel 22:5, but הַנָּבִיא חֹזֶה דָוִד II Samuel 24:11 & חֹזֵה דָוִיד ‖ I Chronicles 21:9, הַחֹזֶה I Chronicles 29:29 & חֹזֵה־הַמֶּלֶךְ II Chronicles 29:25. מִגְדַּל־גַּד see p. 154.

גָּדִי

adjectivegent. of גָּד 1, Gadite II Samuel 23:36 (so perhaps also ‖ I Chronicles 11:38 where Masoretic Text הַגְרִי q.see; compare Th Be Driver); elsewhere as n.pr. coll.: so I Chronicles 5:18 (only here without art., read perhaps גָּד so Septuagint), Deuteronomy 3:12, Deuteronomy 3:16; Deuteronomy 4:43; Deuteronomy 29:7 Joshua 1:12; Joshua 12:6; Joshua 13:8; Joshua 22:1 II Kings 10:33 I Chronicles 5:26; I Chronicles 12:8, I Chronicles 12:37; I Chronicles 26:32.

גָּדִי²

n.pr.m. father of Menahem II Kings 15:14, II Kings 15:17 (compare גדו (? גדי) n.pr.m. Eut^{Nab Noldeke. 25}; Palmyrene גדיא n.pr.m. Vog^{Noldeke. 32}).

גַּדִּי

n.pr.m. (my fortune) a man of Manasseh Numbers 13:11.

גַּדִּיאֵל

n.pr.m. (Ēl is my fortune) a man of Zebulun Numbers 13:10.

גֻּדְגֹּ֫דָה

c. art. הַגֻּדְגֹּ֫דָה n.pr.location (meaning doubtful) station of Israel in wilderness Deuteronomy 10:7^(×2) (in ‖ Numbers 33:32 חֹר הַגִּדְגָּ֑ד see sub חֹר).

גְּדִי

noun (masc.) Genesis 27, Genesis 9 kid (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Arabic جَدْىٌ Phoenician גדא, Aramaic גַּדְיָא, ܓܰܕܝܳܐ; compare Assyrian gadû, gadiia, Meissner^{ZA iv. 1889, 286} Zehnpfund^{BAS i. 505})—גְּדִי Genesis 38:17 + 12 times (absolute Genesis 38:23 +, & (generally) construct Genesis 38:17 +); plural גְּדָיִים I Samuel 10:3, construct גְּדָיֵי Genesis 27:9, Genesis 27:16;—kid, almost always ג׳ עִזִּים Genesis 27:9, Genesis 27:16; Genesis 38:17, Genesis 38:20 Judges 6:19; Judges 13:15, Judges 13:19; Judges 15:1 I Samuel 16:20; absolute Exodus 23:19; Exodus 34:26 Deuteronomy 14:21 (all לא תבשׁל ג׳ בחלב אמו), & c. art. הַגּ׳ Genesis 38:23 Judges 14:6; absolute plural I Samuel 10:3;—compare also עֵין גֶּ֫דִי.

גָּדַל

verb grow up, become great (Aramaic גְּדַל (Ithpe.), ܓܕܰܠ twist, twine, Arabic جَدَلَ twist a cord, make firm, strong, become strong, so Mishnaic Hebrew)—

past (עבר) ג׳ etc. Genesis 38:14 + 14 times; with suffix גְּדֵלַנִי Job 31:18; future (עתיד) יִגְדַּל etc. Psalms 35:27 + 34 times;—

grow up,

child Genesis 21:8, Genesis 21:20; Genesis 25:27; Genesis 38:11, Genesis 38:14 Exodus 2:10, Exodus 2:11 Judges 11:2; Judges 13:24 Ruth 1:13 I Samuel 2:21; I Samuel 3:19 I Kings 12:8, I Kings 12:10 (= II Chronicles 10:8, II Chronicles 10:10) II Kings 4:18; גְּדֵלַנִי כְאָב he grew up to me as to a father Job 31:18;

lamb II Samuel 12:3.

become great,

in extent, wealthy Genesis 26:13^(×2); Genesis 41:40 Jeremiah 5:27;

in value, בְּעֵינֵי י׳, גָּֽדְלָה נֶפֶשׁ בְּעֵיָנ֑י prized by I Samuel 26:24^(×2);

in intensity, grief Job 2:13, mourning Zechariah 12:11, punishment Lamentations 4:6, trespass Ezra 9:6;

in sound, loud cry Genesis 19:13;

in importance, of a king Ecclesiastes 2:9 I Kings 10:23 (= II Chronicles 9:22) Daniel 8:9, Daniel 8:10 (under figuratively of horn), chief Genesis 24:35; Genesis 48:19, Messiah Micah 5:3, Jerusalem Ezekiel 16:7;

of God II Samuel 7:22 Psalms 104:1, his works Psalms 92:6, his power Numbers 14:17.

to be magnified,

house of David Zechariah 12:7;

Yahweh Psalms 35:27; Psalms 40:17; Psalms 70:5 Malachi 1:5, his name II Samuel 7:26 (= I Chronicles 17:24).

past (עבר) גִּדַּל Joshua 4:14 Esther 3:1; גִּדֵּ֔ל Isaiah 49:21; גִּדֵּ֑לָה Isaiah 51:18, etc.; future (עתיד) יְגַדֵּל Isaiah 44:14 + 8 times; imperative (ציווי) גַּדְּלוּ Psalms 34:4; infinitive (מקור) גַּדֵּל Numbers 6:5 + 3 times; participle (בינוני) מְגַדְּלִים II Kings 10:6 (מְגַדְּלוֹת) Song of Songs 5:13 Septuagint Vulgate Hitzig Böttcher De);—

cause to grow, for example hair Numbers 6:5, plants Jonah 4:10 Isaiah 44:14 Ezekiel 31:4 Song of Songs 5:13; bring up children II Kings 10:6 Isaiah 1:2; Isaiah 23:4; Isaiah 49:21; Isaiah 51:18 Daniel 1:5 Hosea 9:12.

make great, powerful Genesis 12:2 Joshua 3:7; Joshua 4:14 I Kings 1:37, I Kings 1:47 I Chronicles 29:12, I Chronicles 29:25 II Chronicles 1:1 Esther 3:1; Esther 5:11; Esther 10:2.

magnify,

God Psalms 34:4 w. ל, Psalms 69:31.

participle (בינוני) plural מְגֻדָּלִים brought up Psalms 144:12.

past (עבר) הִגְדִּיל Psalms 41:10 +, etc.; future (עתיד) יַגְדִּיל Isaiah 42:21 Daniel 8:25, etc.; infinitive (מקור) הַגְדִּיל I Chronicles 22:8 Amos 8:5; participle (בינוני) מַגְדִּיל Psalms 18:51 (= מִגְדֹּיל in ‖ II Samuel 22:51); plural מַגְדִּילִים Psalms 35:26;—

make great, for example shekel Amos 8:5, pile for fire Ezekiel 24:9, joy Isaiah 9:2, counsel Isaiah 28:29, wisdom Ecclesiastes 1:16, works Ecclesiastes 2:4, house of Yahweh I Chronicles 22:5; the heel Psalms 41:10 either lifted high (Gesenius), or (compare De Nowack) gave me insidiously a great fall; compare ג׳ פִּיךָ Obadiah 1:12 that is utter proud words (see רחב Hiph.).

magnify, salvation Psalms 18:51, so ‖ II Samuel 22:51 (Kt מַגְדִּיל; > Qr מִגְדֹּל). mercy Genesis 19:19, teaching Isaiah 42:21, the word of Yahweh Psalms 138:2.

do great things הִגְדִּיל לַעֲשׂוֹת,

in a good sense, of God Psalms 126:2, Joel 2:21, also pregn. without infinitive (מקור) I Samuel 12:24.

in bad sense, of ‘the northern one’ Joel 2:20, also pregn. without infinitive (מקור) Lamentations 1:9 Zephaniah 2:8, Zephaniah 2:10 Daniel 8:4, Daniel 8:8, Daniel 8:11, Daniel 8:25; with עַל, of enemies Psalms 35:26; Psalms 38:17; Psalms 55:13 Job 19:5 Jeremiah 48:26, Jeremiah 48:42; Ezekiel 35:13 of speaking ג׳ עָלַי בְּפִיכֶם.

also, with infinitive (מקור) implied, wept greatly I Samuel 20:41.

past (עבר) וְהִתְגַּדִּלְתִּ֫י Ezekiel 38:23 I will magnify myself, shew myself great and powerful (of God); future (עתיד) יִתְגַּדֵּל, with עַל in a bad sense, magnify oneself against Isaiah 10:15 Daniel 11:36; יִתְגַּדָּ֑ל Daniel 11:37.

גֹּ֫דֶל

noun (masc.) greatness—Deuteronomy 32:3 + 5 times; with suffix גָּדְלוֹ Deuteronomy 5:18 + 5 times; גֻּדְלוֹ Psalms 150:2;—

greatness, magnitude, tree Ezekiel 31:7, arm of God Psalms 79:11, mercy of God Numbers 14:19.

magnificence,

king Ezekiel 31:2, Ezekiel 31:18;

God Deuteronomy 3:24; Deuteronomy 5:18; Deuteronomy 9:26; Deuteronomy 11:2; Deuteronomy 32:3 Psalms 150:2.

in a bad sense, גֹּדֶל לֵבָב = pride, insolence of heart Isaiah 9:8; Isaiah 10:12.

גְּדִלִים

n.[m.]plural twisted threads (Mishnaic Hebrew גְּדִיל, Bab. gidlu, cord on which onions were strung, a string of onions, Zehnpfund^{BAS i. 511}; Aramaic גְּדִילָא, ܓܕܺܝܠܬܳܐ thread, cord, rope, also plaited locks, ܓܕܽܘ̈ܠܷܐ the same)—

tassels Deuteronomy 22:12 on border of garment (‖ צִיצִת Numbers 15:38, Numbers 15:39).

festoons, on capitals of columns I Kings 7:17.

גָּדוֹל

adjective great—ג׳ Genesis 4:13 + 279 times; גָּדֹל Deuteronomy 26:8 + 22 times; construct גְּדוֹל Exodus 15:16 belongs rather sub גֹּ֫דֶל Ezekiel 17:3, Ezekiel 17:7, גְּדֹל Exodus 15:16 Jeremiah 32:19, גְּדָל־ Proverbs 19:19, גְּדָו֯ל־ Psalms 145:8 Nahum 1:3; with suffix גְּדוֹלָם Jeremiah 6:13 + 2 times; plural גְּדוֹלִים Exodus 7:4 + 11 times, גְּדֹלִים Genesis 12:17 + 22 times; construct גְּדֹלֵי Psalms 79:11 II Kings 10:6; with suffix גְּדֹלָיו II Kings 10:11 Jonah 3:7; גְּדוֹלָיהָ Nahum 3:10; f. גְּדוֹלָה Numbers 22:18 + 96 times; גְּדֹלָה Genesis 15:12 + 31 times; plural גְּדוֹלֹת Nehemiah 9:26; Nehemiah 12:31, גְּדֹלוֹת Deuteronomy 27:2 + 30 times, גְּדֹלֹת Numbers 13:28 + 7 times;—great,

in magnitude and extent, for example sea Numbers 34:6, river Genesis 15:18, wilderness Deuteronomy 1:19, rain I Kings 18:45, mountain Zechariah 4:7, city Genesis 10:12, house Jeremiah 52:13, altar Joshua 22:10, throne II Chronicles 9:17, sea-monsters Genesis 1:21, fish Jonah 2:1, eagle Ezekiel 17:3, terebinth II Samuel 18:9, substance Genesis 15:14, wealth Daniel 11:2, victory I Samuel 19:5; I Samuel 19:22 בּוֹר הַגָּדוֹל read ב׳ הַגֹּרֶן according to Septuagint Wellhausen Driver.

in number, for example nation Genesis 12:2, congregation Jeremiah 31:8, camp I Chronicles 12:22, army Ezekiel 17:17, sacrifice II Kings 10:19. slaughter Deuteronomy 28:59 I Samuel 4:17.

in intensity, fear Deuteronomy 4:34, weeping Isaiah 38:3, power כּחַ Exodus 32:11, joy Jonah 4:6, anger Deuteronomy 29:23, indignation Jeremiah 21:5, sin Genesis 20:9, iniquity Genesis 4:13, evil Genesis 39:9, trespass Ezekiel 9:7.

in sound, loud voice Genesis 39:14, cry Exodus 11:6, shout Joshua 6:5.

in age, elder, eldest, son Genesis 27:1, daughter Genesis 29:16, brother Genesis 10:21, sister Ezekiel 16:46.

in importance,

things †(הַ)דָּבָר (הַ)גָּדֹל an important thing or affair Exodus 18:22 Deuteronomy 4:32 I Samuel 12:16 II Kings 5:13; II Kings 8:13; יום יהוה Jeremiah 30:7 Hosea 2:2 Joel 2:11; Joel 3:4 Zephaniah 1:14 Malachi 3:23.

of men, great, distinguished, Moses Exodus 11:3, David II Samuel 5:10, Job Job 1:3, Mordecai Esther 9:4, kings Ecclesiastes 9:14 Jeremiah 27:7; especially of king of Assyrian הַמֶּלֶךְ הַגָּדוֹל II Kings 18:19, II Kings 18:28 = Isaiah 36:4, Isaiah 36:13, = Assyrian šarru rabbu, šarru dannu, for example KB ^{i. 94, 1. 1}; הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֹל the h. p. Leviticus 21:10 + 20 times; (הָ)אִישׁ גָּדוֹל I Samuel 25:2 II Samuel 19:33 II Kings 5:1; אִשָּׁה גְדוֹלָה II Kings 4:8; †גָּדוֹל a great man II Samuel 3:38 Micah 7:3; לֹא תֶהְדַּר פְּנֵי גָדוֹל thou shalt not honour (favour) the person of a great man (opposite דָּל) Leviticus 19:15; †(הַ)גְּדוֹלִים the great II Samuel 7:9 = I Chronicles 17:8 Nehemiah 11:14 (vid. below) Proverbs 18:16; Proverbs 25:6 Jeremiah 5:5 (II Kings 10:11 SeptuagintL ἀγχιστεύοντας, Klostermann גֹּאֲלָיו); further גְּדֹלֵי הָעִיר II Kings 10:6; (כָּל־)גְּדֹלָיו II Kings 10:11; Jonah 3:7; כָּל־גְּדוֹלֶיהָ Nahum 3:10.

†of God, himself II Chronicles 2:4 Nehemiah 4:8; Nehemiah 8:6 Psalms 86:10; Psalms 99:2; Psalms 135:5; Psalms 147:5 Isaiah 12:6 Jeremiah 10:6; (הָ)אֵל (הַ)גָּדוֹל Deuteronomy 7:21; Deuteronomy 10:17 Nehemiah 1:5; Nehemiah 9:32 Psalms 77:14; Psalms 95:3 Jeremiah 32:18 Daniel 9:4; גדול מכל האלהים Exodus 18:11; גדול ומהלל מאד I Chronicles 16:25 Psalms 48:2; Psalms 96:4; Psalms 145:3; מלך גדול Psalms 47:3; Psalms 95:3 Malachi 1:14; †his works Deuteronomy 11:7 Judges 2:7 Psalms 111:2, †glory Psalms 21:6; Psalms 138:5, †name Joshua 7:9 I Samuel 12:22 I Kings 8:42 II Chronicles 6:32 Psalms 76:2; Psalms 99:3 Jeremiah 10:6; Jeremiah 44:26 Ezekiel 36:23 Malachi 1:11^(×2), mercy I Kings 3:6 II Chronicles 1:8 Psalms 57:11; Psalms 86:13; Psalms 108:5, goodness Nehemiah 9:25, compassion Isaiah 54:7.

in phrases †עוֹד הַיּוֹם גָּדוֹל it is yet high day (Fr. grand jour, Germ. hoch am Tage, the day is at its height) Genesis 29:7; †כַּקָּטֹן כַּגָּדֹל (or reverse) as well small as great Deuteronomy 1:17 I Chronicles 25:8; I Chronicles 26:13 II Chronicles 31:15; †(לְ)מִקָּטֹן וְעַד גָּדוֹל (or reverse) from small to great Genesis 19:11 I Samuel 5:9; I Samuel 30:2, I Samuel 30:19 II Kings 23:2; II Kings 25:26 II Chronicles 15:13; II Chronicles 34:30 Esther 1:5, Esther 1:20 Jeremiah 6:13; Jeremiah 8:10; Jeremiah 31:34; Jeremiah 42:1, Jeremiah 42:8; Jeremiah 44:12 Jonah 3:5.

construct גְּדֹל (הַ)כְּנָפַיִם great of wings Ezekiel 17:3, Ezekiel 17:7, so of anger Proverbs 19:19 (Qr); usually of God, in power Nahum 1:3, counsel, Jeremiah 32:19, mercy Psalms 145:8.

as noun concr. †עשׂה גדלות do great things, of God’s great acts of redemption and judgment Deuteronomy 10:21 Job 5:9; Job 9:10; Job 37:5 Psalms 71:19; Psalms 106:21; of the miracles of Elisha II Kings 8:4; of things too great and so presumptuous, haughty תבקשׁ ג׳ Jeremiah 45:5; מדברת ג׳ Psalms 12:4; לא הלכתי בג׳ Psalms 131:1 (compare Biblical Aramaic Daniel 7:8, Daniel 7:11, Daniel 7:20; also Rev 13:5).

†as noun neut. greatness of arm Exodus 15:16; compare גָּבֹהַּ 4.

גְּדוּלָּה

noun (fem.) greatness—II Samuel 7:21 + 3 times; גְּדֻלָּה I Chronicles 29:11; construct גְּדֻלַּת Esther 10:2; with suffix גְּדוּלָּתוֹ Esther 1:4; גְּדֻלָּתוֹ Psalms 145:3; גְּדֻלָּתִי Psalms 71:21; גְדֻלָּו֯תְךָ Psalms 145:6; plural intens. גְּדֻלּוֹת I Chronicles 17:19, I Chronicles 17:21;—chiefly late Hebrew

of Psalmist Psalms 71:21, Mordecai Esther 6:3; Esther 10:2, king Esther 1:4;

of God’s greatness, as an attribute I Chronicles 29:11 Psalms 145:3, Psalms 145:6, or of his acts II Samuel 7:21 (compare Driver) v II Samuel 7:23 = I Chronicles 17:19^(×2), I Chronicles 17:21.

גִּדֵּל

n.pr.m. (very great)—

head of one of the families of Nethinim Ezra 2:47 Nehemiah 7:48.

head of one of the families of Solomon’s servants Ezra 2:56 Nehemiah 7:57.

גְּדַלְיָה

n.pr.m. (Yah is great)—

governor of Judea appointed by Nebuchadnezzar Jeremiah 40:5, Jeremiah 40:8; Jeremiah 41:16.

son of Amariah, a son of Hezekiah Zephaniah 1:1.

priest of the sons of Jeshua Ezra 10:18.

גְּדַלְיָ֫הוּ

n.pr.m. (Yah(u) is great)—

governor of Judea = גדליה II Kings 25:22-25 Jeremiah 39:14; Jeremiah 40:6-16; Jeremiah 41:1-18; Jeremiah 43:6 (24 times)

son of Pashur, one of the chiefs of Jerusalem in the time of Jeremiah Jeremiah 38:1.

one of the sons of Jeduthun, in the time of David I Chronicles 25:3, I Chronicles 25:9.

גִּדַּ֫לְתִּי

n.pr.m. (I magnify (God)) son of Heman I Chronicles 25:4 (compare on this remarkable list of names Ewald's Hebrew Grammar § 274b Wellhausen Robertson Smith^{OTJC 422; 2nd ed. 143}) v I Chronicles 25:29.

גָּדַע

verb hew, hew down or off (Mishnaic Hebrew the same (rare), Aramaic גְּדַע Ithp.; Arabic جَدَعَ cut off hand or other member, mutilate)—

past (עבר) גָּדַע Lamentations 2:3; וְגָדַעְתִּ֫י I Samuel 2:31; future (עתיד) וָאֶגְדַּע Zechariah 11:10, Zechariah 11:14; participle (בינוני) passive גְּדוּעָה Isaiah 15:2 (so many edd. but) Baer גְּרוּעָה; compare below, גְּדֻעִים Isaiah 10:33;—hew, cut in two, a staff Zechariah 11:10, Zechariah 11:14; metaphorically hew off, an arm I Samuel 2:31; horns Lamentations 2:3; hew down, trees Isaiah 10:33; if in Isaiah 15:2 then = shave off (object זקן, beard), but no other indication of this meaning, and true Masoretic Text גְּרוּעָה, compare Baer’s note & Jeremiah 48:37; see גרע.

past (עבר) נִגְדַּע Judges 21:6, נֶגְדַּע Jeremiah 50:23; 3rd feminine singular נִגְדְּעָה Jeremiah 48:25, וְנִגְדְּעָה consec. Isaiah 22:25; 2nd masculine singular נִגְדַּעְתָּ Isaiah 14:12; 3rd plural וְנִגְדְּעוּ consec. Ezekiel 6:6 Amos 3:14;—be hewn off, of altarhorns Amos 3:14, of idols Ezekiel 6:6 (‖ נשׁבר); of severance of a tribe from nation Judges 21:6; figuratively of king of Babylon Isaiah 14:12; of Babylon as hammer Jeremiah 50:23 (‖ נשׁבר); of a minister, under figuratively of secure per or pin Isaiah 22:25; of horn of Moab Jeremiah 48:25 (‖ נשׁבר).

past (עבר) גִּדַּע II Chronicles 34:7, גִּדֵּ֑עַ II Chronicles 34:4 Psalms 107:16, וַיְגַדַּע II Chronicles 14:2, אֲגַדֵּ֑ע Psalms 75:11 Isaiah 45:2, וַיְגַדְּעוּ II Chronicles 31:1; 3rd masculine plural תְּגַדֵּע֑וּן Deuteronomy 7:5; Deuteronomy 12:3;—hew off, down, in two (compare Qal) of Asherîm Deuteronomy 7:5 II Chronicles 14:2; II Chronicles 31:1, of idols Deuteronomy 12:3 (פְּסִילִים) II Chronicles 34:4, II Chronicles 34:7 (חַמָּנִים); figuratively horns of wicked Psalms 75:11; bars of iron (that is of Babylon’s gates) Isaiah 45:2, compare Psalms 107:16.

past (עבר) גֻּדָּ֑עוּ Isaiah 9:9 be hewn down (of trees).

גִּדְעוֹן

n.pr.m. judge of Israel Judges 6:11, Judges 6:13, Judges 6:19 + 36 times Judges 6-8;—called also יְרֻבַּעַל (q.see) Judges 6:32; Judges 7:1 etc., & יְרֻבֶּשֶׁת (q.see) II Samuel 11:21.

גִּדְעֹנִי

n.pr.m. a Benjamite Numbers 1:11; Numbers 2:22; Numbers 7:60, Numbers 7:65; גִּדְעוֹנִי Numbers 10:24 (always אֲבִידָן בֶּן־גּ׳).

גִּדְעֹם

n.pr.location marking limit of pursuit of Benjamites by rest of Israel Judges 20:45.

גָּדַר

verb wall up or off, build a wall (denom.? Mishnaic Hebrew the same Arabic جَدَرَ and see גָּדֵר below)—

past (עבר) גָּדַר Job 19:8 + 2 times, וְגָדַרְתִּ֫י Hosea 2:8 Amos 9:11; future (עתיד) 2nd masculine plural וַתִּגְדְּרוּ Ezekiel 13:5; participle (בינוני) גֹּדֵר Isaiah 58:12 Ezekiel 22:30; plural גֹּדְרִים II Kings 12:13; II Kings 22:6;—wall up, shut off, literally only participle (בינוני), absolute = masons (wall-builders) II Kings 12:13; II Kings 22:6; also Isaiah 58:12 (obj. פֶּרֶץ); figuratively of Yahweh’s dealings with men, obj. אֹרַח Job 19:8, דֶּרֶך Lamentations 3:9; compare Hosea 2:8 (direct object cogn. גָּדֵר), in all = obstructing path of life, compare also Lamentations 3:7 (c. בַּעֲדִי); of restoring fallen booth of David Amos 9:11 (obj. פרצים); of repairing fortunes of Israel, a work neglected by prophets Ezekiel 13:5, and by all in power Ezekiel 22:30 (both with a direct object cogn.)

גָּדֵר

noun (masc.) Ezekiel 42:7 wall (Mishnaic Hebrew גָּדֵר, Aramaic גָּדֵירָא, גְּדֵירָא, Arabic جَدْرٌ, جِدْرٌ, and more commonly جِدَارٌ enclosing-wall compare Hebrew גְּדוֹר below) —absolute גָּדֵר Numbers 22:24^(×2) + 5 times + Psalms 62:4 (read גדרה compare below) + Ezekiel 13:5 (Co גדרת compare below); construct גֶּ֫דֶר Proverbs 24:31 Ezekiel 42:10 (Co del.); with suffix גְּדֵרוֹ Isaiah 5:5, גְּדֵרָהּ Hosea 2:8 (compare Baer, note); plural with suffix גְּדֵרַיִךְ Micah 7:11, גְּדֵרֶיהָ Psalms 80:13;—wall, fence, bordering a road Numbers 22:24^(×2) compare Ecclesiastes 10:8; connected with Ezekiel’s temple Ezekiel 42:7; city wall Micah 7:11 compare Ezra 9:9; figuratively of Yahweh’s vineyard Isaiah 5:5 Psalms 80:13; of fortunes of Isreal Ezekiel 22:30; so also Ezekiel 13:5 (Co גְּדֶרֶת compare גְּדֵרָה); of hindrance in path of Israel (figuratively as woman) Hosea 2:8; of man beset by enemies Psalms 62:4 (ג׳ הַדְּחוּיָה, but read גְּדֵרָה ד׳ Olshausen De etc.)

גֶּ֫דֶר

n.pr.location Canaanitish city Joshua 12:13. Γαδερ A & SeptuagintL also Euseb Lagarde^{Onom.244 2nd ed. 254} = גָּדֵר? Lagarde^{BN 76}; compare גְּדֵרִי below; possibly = בֵּית גָּדֵר I Chronicles 2:51 (see p. 111).

גְּדֵרָה

noun (fem.) wall—גְּדֵרָה I Chronicles 4:23 + Psalms 62:4 (Masoretic Text גָּדֵר q.see), גְּדֶרֶת Ezekiel 13:5 (Co, compare Septuagint; Masoretic Text גָּדֵר) Ezekiel 42:12 (del. Co); plural גְּדֵרוֹת Nahum 3:17 + 2 times, גְּדֵרֹת Numbers 32:24; construct גִּדְרוֹת Numbers 32:26 + 2 times, גִּדְרֹת Numbers 32:16; with suffix גְּדֵרֹתָיו Psalms 89:41;—wall, hedge I Chronicles 4:23 (or is this n.pr.location? compare Öt) Nahum 3:17 (where grasshoppers alight), Jeremiah 49:3; wall, connected with Ezekiel’s temple Ezekiel 42:12 (del. Co); defences Psalms 89:41; elsewhere ג׳ צאן sheep-folds Numbers 32:16, Numbers 32:36 I Samuel 24:4 Zephaniah 2:6 compare Numbers 32:24; Ezekiel 13:5 Co גְּדֶרֶת after Septuagint; Psalms 62:4 Masoretic Text גדר הדחויה, read גדרה ד׳ compare גָּדֵר.

גְּדוֹר

n.pr. (Arabic جِدَارٌ wall);—

n.pr.location city of Judah גְּדוֹר Joshua 15:58; also as n.pr.m., under figuratively of genealogy גְּדֹר son of Penuel I Chronicles 4:4, גְּדוֹר son of Yered I Chronicles 4:18; also הַגְּדוֹר I Chronicles 12:7 see d. H. הַגְּדוּד Baer, compare his note.

n.pr.location גְּדֹר I Chronicles 4:39, but read Gerar, according to Septuagint Ewald Hitzig Be al.

n.pr.m. גְּדוֹר I Chronicles 8:31; I Chronicles 9:37 a Benjamite, of Gibeon.

גָּדִישׁ

noun (masc.) ^{Job 5:26} heap, stack (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Aramaic the same)—גָּדִישׁ Exodus 22:5 + 3 times;—stack of sheaves Exodus 22:5 Judges 15:5 (‖ קָמָה in both) Job 5:26.

גָּדִישׁ²

n.[m.] tomb (Arabic جَدَثٌ the same) Job 21:32; Driver^{§ 178, ed. 3, p. 229} suggests reading גֶּדֶשׁ.

גֵּה

Ezekiel 47:13, read זֶה Septuagint Targum Vulgate & all moderns.

גֵּהָה

noun (fem.) healing, cure—גֵּהָ֑ה Proverbs 17:22 לֵב שָׂמֵחַ יֵיטִיב ג׳ compare Nowack.

גַּו

see sub גוה.

גּוֹב²

see sub גבה.

גֵּב³

n.[m.] pit, ditch, trench (Arabic جَوْبَةٌ hollow, depression; Syriac ܓܽܘܒܳܐ cistern)—only plural גֵּבִים Jeremiah 14:3; in II Kings 3:16 גבים גבים, that is full of ditches; further, cisterns (according to Klostermann II Kings 25:12) Jeremiah 39:10 וִיגֵבִים (read וְגֵבִים) compare also ‖ II Kings 25:12 (ולגבים Kt, וּלְיוֹגְבִים Qr) = Jeremiah 52:16 (וּלְיֹגְבִים; both c. כֹּרְמִים); Klostermann proposes to emend these, so as to read in all וַיִּתֵּן לָהֶם כְּרָמִים וְגֵבִים and gave to them vineyards and cisterns; another view in Th; compare further גוב, יגב.—i. גֵּב see sub גבה.

גֵּב⁴

n.[m.] beam, rafter? (Gesenius' Thesaurus sub גוב, but meaning & √ doubtful), גֵּבִים I Kings 6:9; but Lagarde^{Armen. Stud. § 499, M i.212; BN 155} reads גֻּבְּדִים (Pers. گنبد, Armen. γμβεθ) vaulted roofs.

גּוֹג

n.pr.m. (√ unknown)—

I Chronicles 5:4 a Reubenite.

Gog of the land of Magog, prince of Rosh, Meshek, and Tubal, גּוֹג אֶרֶץ מָגוֹג נְשִׂיא רֹאשׁ מֶשֶׁךְ וְתֻבָ֑ל Ezekiel 38:2, Ezekiel 38:3 (om. א׳ מָגוֹג) Ezekiel 39:1 (om. the same) compare Ezekiel 38:14, Ezekiel 38:16 (del. Septuagint Peshitta Co) v Ezekiel 38:18; Ezekiel 39:1, Ezekiel 39:11^(×3) (גֵּיא הֲמוֹן ג׳) v Ezekiel 39:15 (the same); compare Assyrian Gâgu, chief of a mountain tribe N. of Assyria Delitzsch^{Pa 247} COT on Ezekiel 38:2.

גֵּוָה²

see sub גאה.

גֵּו

n.[m.] back—גֵּו absolute not found, construct Proverbs 10:13 + 2 times, with suffix גֵּוִי Isaiah 50:6, גֵּוְךָ Isaiah 38:17, גֵּוֵךְ Isaiah 51:23;—back, as beaten, lashed Proverbs 10:13; Proverbs 19:29; Proverbs 26:3 compare Isaiah 50:6; in phr. הִשְׁלִיךְ אַחֲרֵי ג׳ (as גַּו) Isaiah 38:17, of Yahweh’s casting sins of penitent behind his back, putting them out of mind; as trodden upon Isaiah 51:23, figuratively of extreme humiliation.

גֵּו²

n.[m.] midst, Aramaism (compare Aramaic גֵּו גְּוָּא middle, Mishnaic Hebrew גֵּו midst, interior; ܓܰܘ the same, belly, Arabic جَوٌّ midst) Job 30:5 מִן־גֵּו יְגֹרָ֑שׁוּ from the mindst (of men) they are driven; Rosenmüller al. comp. Cicero ^{Off. iii. 8}: e medio pelluntur.

גֵּוָה³

noun (fem.) back—(so also Dillmann Hoffmann Siegfried-Stade; Septuagint Gesenius' Thesaurus De AV RV body = גְּוִיָּה, compare Barth^{ZMG 1887, 605}) Job 20:25 וַיֵּצֵא מִגֵּוָה it comes out from the back (of arrow which has struck a fugitive, and is then extracted; Hoffmann reads מִגֵּוֹה).—i. גֵּוָה sub גאה.

גּוֹי

noun (masc.) Genesis 12:2 nation, people (Mishnaic Hebrew the same Gentiles, Phoenician גו community, ܓܰܘܳܐ, Sab. גו the same, DHM^{ZMG 1883, 348})—ג׳ Genesis 12:2 + 121 times; with suffix i s. גּוֹיִ Zephaniah 2:9, גּוֹיֶ֑ךָ Psalms 106:5, גּוֹיֵךְ Kt Ezekiel 36:13, Ezekiel 36:14, Ezekiel 36:15 (Qr wrongly גּוֹיַיִךְ compare Co, who del. v Ezekiel 36:15); plural גּוֹיִם Genesis 10:5 + 410 times + Qr Genesis 25:23 Psalms 79:10 (Kt גיים) + 6 times Ez (var. emend. Co); construct גּוֹיֵי Genesis 18:18 + 8 times, גּוֹיֵ II Chronicles 32:13 Ezra 6:21 (compare Baer’s notes); with suffix גּוֹיֵהֶם Genesis 10:5, Genesis 10:20, Genesis 10:31, Genesis 10:32;—

nation, people Genesis 10:5^(×2), Genesis 10:20, Genesis 10:31, Genesis 10:32^(×2) (all P) +; Isaiah 2:2, Isaiah 2:4^(×2) = Micah 4:2, Micah 4:3^(×2); †Job 12:23^(×2); Job 34:29†; Proverbs 14:34; כֹּל גּוֹיֵי הָאָרֶץ Genesis 18:18; Genesis 22:18; Genesis 26:4 (all J) Deuteronomy 28:1.

specif. of descendants of Abraham, גּוֹי גָּדוֹל Genesis 12:2 compare Genesis 18:18 (both J), גּוֹיִם Genesis 17:6, הֲמוֹן גּוֹיִם Genesis 17:4, Genesis 17:5 (all P); of Sarah גּוֹיִם Genesis 17:16; of Ishmael גּוֹי Genesis 21:13, גּוֹי גָּדוֹל v Genesis 12:18 (both E), גּוֹי גָּדוֹל Genesis 17:20; of Jacob גּוֹי וּקְהַל גּוֹיִם Genesis 35:11, גּוֹי גָּדוֹל Genesis 46:3; of Ephraim מְלֹא הַגּ׳ Genesis 48:19; of Moses גּוֹי גָּדוֹל Exodus 32:10 compare Numbers 14:12 Deuteronomy 9:14; of Jacob and Esau as two nations Genesis 25:23.

definitely of Israel Exodus 19:6 (גּ׳ קָדוֹשׁ) Exodus 33:13 (both JE), Deuteronomy 4:6 (הַגּוֹי הַגָּדוֹל הַזֶּה, said by heathen compare v Deuteronomy 4:7, Deuteronomy 4:8) see also v Deuteronomy 4:34, Deuteronomy 26:5 compare Psalms 33:12, Psalms 83:5 (said by enemies) Jeremiah 31:36; Jeremiah 33:24 Ezekiel 27:22; in narrative Joshua 3:17; Joshua 4:1; Joshua 5:8, v Joshua 5:6, Joshua 10:13 (poet., no art.); of Israel and Judah as two nations Ezekiel 35:10 (said by heathen) Ezekiel 37:22; of Judah Isaiah 26:2, Isaiah 26:15^(×2) compare Isaiah 58:2; Isaiah 60:22 Micah 4:7; once my people Zephaniah 2:9 (‖ עַם); thy people Psalms 106:5 (that is of י׳), compare also Ezekiel 36:13, Ezekiel 36:14 (read Kt); especially of Israel and (or) Judah as sinful, rebellious Deuteronomy 32:28 Judges 2:20 Isaiah 1:4; Isaiah 10:6 Jeremiah 5:9, Jeremiah 5:29; Jeremiah 7:28; Jeremiah 9:8; Jeremiah 12:17 Ezekiel 2:3 (del. Septuagint Co) Haggai 2:14 Malachi 3:9.—Note. This definite ref. to Israel and (or) Judah is comparatively rare; in Hex not P (yet see Genesis 17:4, Genesis 17:5, Genesis 17:6, Genesis 17:16; Genesis 35:11 P); seldom in exile & post-exile proph.; not Chr.—

usually of non-Hebrew peoples Exodus 9:24; Exodus 34:10 Leviticus 25:44 Numbers 14:15 Deuteronomy 15:6^(×2) I Kings 5:11 I Chronicles 14:17; I Chronicles 16:20 Isaiah 11:10, Isaiah 11:12 + often; opposite Israel as עם י׳ II Samuel 7:23 I Chronicles 17:21^(×2) ect., see עם, compare also Numbers 23:9; note especially גְּלִיל הַגּוֹיִם Isaiah 8:23 circle or district of the nations (see גָּלִיל); also חֲרֹשֶׁת הַגּ׳ Judges 4:2, Judges 4:13, Judges 4:16 Charosheth of the nations, & מֶלֶךְ גּוֹיִם לְגִלְגָּ֖ל Joshua 12:23 king of nations (peoples, tribes) belonging to Gilgal (Septuagint Dillmann to the district, that is ‘Galilee’); especially of these peoples as heathen: idolatrous Leviticus 8:24, Leviticus 8:28 Leviticus 20:23 I Kings 14:24 II Kings 17:8, II Kings 17:11, II Kings 17:15, II Kings 17:26, II Kings 17:29^(×2) II Chronicles 28:3; II Chronicles 32:13 +, Ezra 6:21 Ezekiel 5:6 +; hostile Genesis 15:14 Leviticus 26:33; Leviticus 26:38, Leviticus 26:45 Deuteronomy 4:27; Deuteronomy 9:4, Deuteronomy 9:5; Deuteronomy 18:9 I Chronicles 16:35 Jeremiah 5:15 Ezekiel 4:13 + often Je Ez, etc.; in simile Ezekiel 20:32; Ezekiel 25:8; sometimes ‖ עַם Psalms 33:10, Psalms 33:12 Isaiah 11:10 Jeremiah 6:18, see also Isaiah 2:2, Isaiah 2:4 comp. with Micah 4:1, Micah 4:3.

figuratively of swarm of locusts Joel 1:6; of all species of beasts Zephaniah 2:14.

גּוֹיִם Genesis 14:1, Genesis 14:9 probably mutilated n.pr. see below

גּוּז

verb pass over, away (Arabic جَازَ pass by, over; Aramaic גּוּז cross, ܓܳܙ pass away, fail)—

past (עבר) גָּז Psalms 90:10; future (עתיד) וַיָּ֫גָז Numbers 11:31;—pass away, of the life of the aged, Psalms 90:10 גָּז חִישׁ; trans. bring over, subj. wind, obj. quails from sea, Numbers 11:31 (read perhaps Hiph. וַיָּגֶז compare Konig^{i 442} Dillmann).

גּוֹזָן

n.pr.location (Assyrian Guzana COT II Kings 17:6 Delitzsch^{Pa 184}) city and district of Mesopotamia, on or near the middle course of the Euphrates, through which the river Chabur (חָבוֹר) flowed; thither some of the exiled Israelites were brought [by Sargon, b.c. 722–21]: גּוֹזָן II Kings 19:12=Isaiah 37:12; חָבוֹר נְהַר גּוֹזָן II Kings 17:6; II Kings 18:11; וְחָבוֹר וְהָרָא וּנְהַר גּוֹזָן I Chronicles 5:26 where Chabur is separated entirely from the river of Gozan (see חבור).

גּוֹי²

see sub גוה.

גּוֹיִם

n.pr.gent. Genesis 14:1, Genesis 14:9, in phr. תִּדְעָל מֶלֶךְ גּוֹיִם Tidʿal king of Goim; probably a Babylonian (Elamitic, etc.) name corrupted; H. Rawlinson proposes Gutî, a people NE. of Babylonia, COT on Genesis 14:1; also KGF ^{258 al.}; compare also Delitzsch^{Pa 233 f.}

גּוֹלָן

n.pr.location (? connected with √ גול, Arabic جَالَ go about, around; جَوْلٌ circuit; compare Phoenician גול n.pr. insul.; also גָּלִיל, גְּלִילָה) city of Manasseh in Bashan, named as a city of refuge Deuteronomy 4:43 compare Joshua 20:8; Joshua 21:27 both Qr (Kt גלון); given to sons of Gershom son of Levi according to I Chronicles 6:56; Euseb. knew it as a very large village Γαυλὼν ἢ Γωλάν Lagarde^{Onom. 242, 2nd ed. 253}; district of same name ib., Josephus^{Ant. viii, 2, 3 etc.} Gaulanitis, mod. Jaulân Rob^{BR ii, 432} Bd^{Pal. 270} Schumacher^{ZPV 1886 = Jaulân 1888}, according to most, name applied first to city, thence to district, but perhaps otherwise if above deriv. be correct.

גּוּנִי

n.pr.m.

a Naphtalite Genesis 46:24 Numbers 26:48 I Chronicles 7:13.

I Chronicles 5:15 a Gadite.

גּוּנִי²

adjectivegent. of foregoing 1.; c. art. as n. coll. הַגּוּנִי Numbers 26:48; also of individ. II Samuel 23:32 according to SeptuagintL (Ιεσσαι ὁ Γουνι) Klostermann Driver; read יָשֵׁן הַגּוּנִי; also I Chronicles 11:34 where read the same for השׁם הגזוני (SeptuagintL Εἰρασαι ὁ Γουνι).

גָּוַע

verb expire, perish, die (compare Arabic جَاعَ be empty, hungry)—

past (עבר) גָּוַע Numbers 20:29 Joshua 22:20, גָּוָ֑עוּ Lamentations 1:19, גָּוַעְנוּ Numbers 17:27; Numbers 20:3; future (עתיד) יִגְוַע Job 34:15, יִגְוָ֑ע Genesis 6:17, יִגְוְעוּ Job 36:12, יִגְוָ֑עוּ Zechariah 13:8, יִגְוָע֑וּן Psalms 104:29 etc.; infinitive (מקור) construct גְּוַע Numbers 20:3, גְּוֹעַ Numbers 17:28; participle (בינוני) גֹּוֵעַ Psalms 88:16;—expire and die, only P & poet.; נ׳ וימת Genesis 25:8, Genesis 25:17; Genesis 35:29 (all P); ‖ מות Job 3:11; Job 14:10 compare Numbers 17:28; ‖ אבד Numbers 17:27 we expire, we perish; ‖ עָנִי Psalms 88:16 (progressive parall.) distressed and about to die; ‖ יאסף אל אבותיו Genesis 49:33; ‖ על־עפר ישׁוב Job 34:15 compare Psalms 104:29; ‖ יִכָּֽרְתוּ Zechariah 13:8; absolute both prose and (especially) poetry Numbers 20:3^(×2), Numbers 20:29 Joshua 22:20 Genesis 6:17; Genesis 7:21 (all P) Job 10:18; Job 13:19; Job 27:5; Job 36:12 Lamentations 1:19; Job 29:18 עִם־קִנִּי אגוע with my nest shall I die, that is in full possession of what is mine, compare Dillmann.

גּוּר

verb sojourn (compare Arabic جَارَ turn aside, tarry; see especially iii. iv. viii. x; Aramaic ܓܳܪ, Ethiopic in der.)—

past (עבר) גָּר Genesis 35:27 + 3 times, וְגָר consec. Isaiah 11:6; גַּרְתָּה Genesis 21:23; גַּרְתִּי Genesis 32:5 Psalms 120:5; גָּרוּ Exodus 6:4; future (עתיד) יָגוּר Exodus 12:48 + 12 times, וַיָּ֫גָר Genesis 20:1 + 2 times, with suffix יְגֻרְךָ Psalms 5:5; 3rd feminine singular וַתָּ֫גָר II Kings 8:2; 2nd feminine singular תָּגוּרִי II Kings 8:1; cohort. אָגוּ֑רָה Psalms 61:5, יָגוּרוּ Isaiah 16:4; imperative (ציווי) גּוּר Genesis 26:3, גּוּ֫רִי II Kings 8:1; infinitive (מקור) construct גּוּר Genesis 12:10 + 17 times; participle (בינוני) גָּר Deuteronomy 18:6 Judges 17:7 + 17 times; f. construct גָּרַת Exodus 3:22; plural גָּרִים Leviticus 25:6 + 8 times; construct גָּרֵי Job 19:15;—

sojourn, dwell for a (definite or indef.) time, dwell as a new-comer (compare גֵּר) without original rights, see especially Genesis 19:9 Deuteronomy 18:6 & compare Judges 17:7, Judges 17:8, Judges 17:9; Judges 19:1; also Genesis 12:10; Genesis 20:1; Genesis 21:23, Genesis 21:24; Genesis 32:5; Genesis 47:4 (all JE); of patriarchs in Canaan Genesis 26:3 Genesis 35:27 Exodus 6:4 (both P) compare Psalms 105:12 = I Chronicles 16:19, Judges 19:16 II Samuel 4:3 II Kings 8:1^(×2), II Kings 8:2 (seven years) Isaiah 16:4 Ruth 1:1 Ezra 1:4 (in exile); compare further Exodus 3:22 גָּרַת בַּיִת of a woman in another’s house as lodger or guest (see Dillmann), גָּרֵי בַיִת Job 19:15; so (poet.) of worshipper in Yahweh’s house Psalms 15:1; Psalms 61:5 compare Isaiah 33:14^(×2); figuratively of evil לֹא יְגֻֽרְךָ רָ֑ע Psalms 5:5 evil cannot be a guest of thine (Cheyne; followed by direct object, as in Arabic جاوره iii); particularly of the גֵּר (q.see) in Israel Exodus 12:48, Exodus 12:49 Leviticus 16:29 (all P) Leviticus 17:8, Leviticus 17:10, Leviticus 17:12, Leviticus 17:13; Leviticus 18:26; Leviticus 19:33, Leviticus 19:34; Leviticus 20:2; Leviticus 25:6, Leviticus 25:45 (all H) Numbers 9:14; Numbers 15:14, Numbers 15:15, Numbers 15:16, Numbers 15:26, Numbers 15:29; Numbers 19:10 Joshua 20:9 (all P) Ezekiel 14:7; Ezekiel 47:22, Ezekiel 47:23; of Ephraim and Manasseh sojourning with Judah and Benjamin II Chronicles 15:9; of Rechabites sojourning in Judah Jeremiah 35:7; of Israelites sojourning in Egypt Deuteronomy 26:5 Isaiah 52:4 Psalms 105:23; so of Judah, to escape from under Babylonian power Jeremiah 42:15, Jeremiah 42:17, Jeremiah 42:22; Jeremiah 43:2; Jeremiah 44:8, Jeremiah 44:12, Jeremiah 44:14, Jeremiah 44:28.

abide, nearly or quite = dwell Jeremiah 43:5 compare Lamentations 4:15, Jeremiah 49:18, Jeremiah 49:33; Jeremiah 50:40, also Job 28:4; of wolf dwelling with lamb Isaiah 11:6; stay (inactive) Judges 5:17;—in Isaiah 5:7 read perhaps, for גָּרִים, גְּדָיִם or כָּרִים compare Septuagint Lo Ewald Dillmann & Cheyne crit. n. (> Stu גֵּרִים).

participle (בינוני) מִתְגּוֹרֵר I Kings 17:20 seek hospitality with, followed by עִם (compare Arabic x); יִתְגּוֹרָ֖רוּ Hosea 7:14 is doubtful (compare II. גור); AE Ki Gesenius' Thesaurus Wü AV RV they assemble themselves, but text probably error, see גדד.

גּוּר²

n.pr.location (sojourning, dwelling) II Kings 9:27 מַעֲלֵה־ג׳ אשׁר את־יִבְלְעָם, otherwise unknown.

גֵּר

noun (masc.) ^{Exodus 12:48} sojourner (Arabic جَارٌ, Ethiopic ግዩር, ጎር Aramaic ܓܝܻܘܽܪ, גִּיּוֹר, proselyte, גַּיֵּר proselytize, Phoenician גר in n.pr., & plural גרם)—גֵּר Genesis 15:13 + 74 times; with suffix גֵּרְךָ Exodus 20:10 + 4 times, גֵּרוֹ Deuteronomy 1:16; plural גֵּרִים Exodus 22:20 + 9 times, גֵּירִים II Chronicles 2:16;—

sojourner, temporary dweller, new-comer (no inherited rights), compare Exodus 12:19 Leviticus 24:16 Numbers 15:30 Joshua 8:33 (opposite homeborn); of Abraham at Hebron Genesis 23:4 (P; ‖ תּוֹשָׁב); Moses in desert Exodus 2:22 Exodus 18:3 (E; here explan. of name Gershom, Moses’ son); as claiming hospitality Job 31:32; perhaps in above cases, and certainly in general, with technical sense; figuratively of Yahweh Jeremiah 14:8; of Israel in Egypt Genesis 15:13 Exodus 22:20; Exodus 23:9 (all JE) Leviticus 19:34 Deuteronomy 10:19; Deuteronomy 23:8; גֵּרִים with Yahweh Leviticus 25:23 I Chronicles 29:15 Psalms 39:13 (in all ‖ תּוֹשָׁב) compare Psalms 119:19.

usually of גֵּרִים in Israel II Samuel 1:13 (Amalekite) compare Joshua 8:33, Joshua 8:35 Joshua 20:9 Isaiah 14:1; dwellers in Israel with certain conceded, not inherited rights (compare Robertson Smith^{OTJC 434; 2nd ed. 342. n.; K 42; Sem 75 f.} Stade^{Gesch. i. 400}). The גֵּר is to share in Sabbath rest Exodus 20:10; Exodus 23:12 (both JE) Deuteronomy 5:14; otherwise he is to have like obligations with Israel Exodus 12:19, Exodus 12:48, Exodus 12:49 Leviticus 16:29 (all P) Leviticus 17:8, Leviticus 17:10, Leviticus 17:12, Leviticus 17:13, Leviticus 17:15; Leviticus 18:26; Leviticus 20:2; Leviticus 22:18; Leviticus 24:16, Leviticus 24:22 (all H) Numbers 9:14^(×2); Numbers 15:14, Numbers 15:15^(×2), Numbers 15:16, Numbers 15:26, Numbers 15:29, Numbers 15:30; Numbers 19:10; Numbers 35:15 (all P) Ezekiel 14:7; similar rights Deuteronomy 1:16 Ezekiel 14:22, Ezekiel 14:23; and like privileges Deuteronomy 16:11, Deuteronomy 16:14; Deuteronomy 26:11; Deuteronomy 29:10; Deuteronomy 31:12 compare II Chronicles 30:25; very rarely any distinction made, in obligation Leviticus 25:47^(×3), in permissible food Deuteronomy 14:21; in future success Deuteronomy 28:43; kindness to גֵּר frequently enjoined: Leviticus 19:10 (‖ עָנִי), Leviticus 23:22 (‖ the same) Leviticus 19:34 (all H); Deuteronomy 10:18, Deuteronomy 10:19; Deuteronomy 14:29; Deuteronomy 24:19, Deuteronomy 24:20, Deuteronomy 24:21; Deuteronomy 26:12, Deuteronomy 26:13 (all ‖ יָתוֹם וְאַלְמָנָה); oppression prohibited Leviticus 19:33 Deuteronomy 24:14; Exodus 22:20; Exodus 23:9^(×2) Deuteronomy 24:17; Deuteronomy 27:19 Jeremiah 7:6; Jeremiah 22:3 Zechariah 7:10 (these eight ‖ יָתוֹם וְאַלְמָנָה); obj. of care to י׳ Psalms 146:9 (‖ the same); charge that גֵּר has been oppressed Ezekiel 22:7 Malachi 3:5 (both ‖ the same); also Ezekiel 22:29 (‖ עָנִי וְאֶבְיוֹן), Psalms 94:6; compare also command that a poor brother be treated like גֵּר, that is kindly, Leviticus 25:35. Latest conception somewhat different: גֵּר I Chronicles 22:2 II Chronicles 2:16 (הַגֵּירִים) gathered for hard service; yet compare II Chronicles 30:25. (Often c. verb. cogn. Exodus 12:48, Exodus 12:49 Leviticus 16:29; Leviticus 17:8, Leviticus 17:10, Leviticus 17:12, Leviticus 17:13; Leviticus 18:26; Leviticus 19:33; Leviticus 20:2 Numbers 9:14; Numbers 15:14, Numbers 15:15, Numbers 15:16, Numbers 15:26, Numbers 15:29; Numbers 19:10 Joshua 20:9 Ezekiel 14:22, Ezekiel 14:23; often ‖ תּוֹשָׁב Genesis 23:4 Leviticus 25:23, Leviticus 25:35, Leviticus 25:47 I Chronicles 29:15 Psalms 39:13).

גּוּר³

verb stir up strife, quarrel (compare גרה)—so Ewald Cheyne Dillmann RVm (Isaiah 54:15); gather together Gesenius De Br compare Targum Vulgate, so AV RV;—

past (עבר) גָּר Isaiah 54:15; future (עתיד) יָגוּר v Isaiah 54:15, יָגוּרוּ Psalms 56:7; Psalms 59:4; Psalms 140:3 (on all compare below); infinitive (מקור) absolute גּוֹר Isaiah 54:15;—

stir up strife, absolute גּוֹר יָגוּר Isaiah 54:15; compare Psalms 56:7 (but AE Cheyne read יָגוֹדּוּ attack, see גדד); followed by עַל־ Psalms 59:4 (but Cheyne the same; compare Psalms 94:21, wh. however Olshausen would emend by Psalms 56:7; Psalms 59:4); followed by direct object מִלְחָמוֹת Psalms 140:3 (Hup Cheyne read יְגָרוּ Pi. future (עתיד) of גרה).

quarrel, followed by אֶת־ with Isaiah 54:15. Here also Hithpoʿl. future (עתיד) Hosea 7:14 יִתְגּוֹרָ֖רוּ (compare I. גור), according to Ewald, they excite themselves, but unlikely; see גדד.

גּוּר⁴

noun (masc.) ^{Ezekiel 19:3}, Ezekiel 19:5 whelp, young—construct גּוּר(אַרְיֵה) Genesis 49:9 + 2 times; with suffix גּוּרֶיהָ Ezekiel 19:2, גֻּרֶיהָ Ezekiel 19:3, Ezekiel 19:5, גּוּרֵיהֶן Lamentations 4:3;—

lion’s whelps, figuratively of Judah Genesis 49:9; of Dan Deuteronomy 33:22; of Assyrian (prince?) Nahum 2:12; figuratively of Israelites Ezekiel 19:2, Ezekiel 19:3, Ezekiel 19:5 (‖ כְּפִיר).

young of jackals (תַּנִּין) Lamentations 4:3.

גּוּר⁵

verb dread (compare יָגֹר)—

future (עתיד) וַיָּגָר Numbers 22:3 I Samuel 18:15; 2nd masculine singular תָּגוּר Deuteronomy 18:22; אָגוּר Deuteronomy 32:27; plural יָגוּרוּ Psalms 33:8; Job 41:17 + Hosea 10:5, תָּגוּרוּ Deuteronomy 1:17; imperative (ציווי) גּוּרוּ Psalms 22:24 Job 19:29;—

be afraid of, followed by מִפְּנֵי Numbers 22:3 Deuteronomy 1:17 I Samuel 18:15, גּוּרוּ לָכֶם מִפְּנֵי Job 19:29; c. מִן Job 41:17 Deuteronomy 18:22; with a direct object Deuteronomy 32:27 (poet.) Hosea 10:5 read probably ינודו lament (‖ אבל, used c. לְ for example Nahum 3:7 Jeremiah 15:5 al.; compare Cheyne).

stand in awe of, followed by מִן Psalms 22:24; Psalms 33:8 (‖ יָרֵא).

גֵּז

see sub גזז.

גָּזִית

noun (fem.) a cutting, hewing—גָּזִית Exodus 20:22 + 10 times, always absolute;—hewing, אַבְנֵי ג׳ = hewn stones (building-stones) I Kings 5:31; I Chronicles 22:2; Ezekiel 40:42 (for tables), compare אֲבָנִים יְקָרוֹת כְּמִדּוֹת ג׳ I Kings 7:9,I Kings 7:11 (but Klostermann del. as gloss, compare Septuagint; also without אבני = hewn stones Exodus 20:22 (altar) Amos 5:11 (בָּֽתֵּי ג׳) Isaiah 9:9 (opposite לְבֵנִים); טוּרֵי ג׳ I Kings 6:36, טוּרִים ג׳ I Kings 7:12; also Lamentations 3:9 גָּדַר דַּרְכִּי בְּג׳.

גָּזַז

verb shear (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Aramaic גְּזָז, ܓܰܙ; Arabic جَزَّ, Assyrian deriv.)—

future (עתיד) וַיָּ֫גָז Job 1:20; 2nd masculine singular תָּגֹז Deuteronomy 15:19; imperative (ציווי) 2nd feminine singular גָּזִּ֫י Jeremiah 7:29, גֹּ֫זִּי Micah 1:16; infinitive (מקור) construct גְּזֹז Genesis 31:19 I Samuel 25:2, גֹּז Genesis 38:13; participle (בינוני); גֹּזֵז I Samuel 25:4; plural גֹּזֲזִים I Samuel 25:7 + 2 times; construct גֹּזֲזֵי Genesis 38:12; with suffix גֹּזֲזָי֑ I Samuel 25:11, גֹּזֲזֶיהָ Isaiah 53:7;—shear sheep (obj. צֹאן) Genesis 31:19; Genesis 38:13; Deuteronomy 15:19 I Samuel 25:2, I Samuel 25:4; compare participle (בינוני) shearer (c. צאן) Genesis 38:12, also גֹּזֲזֶיהָ (that is רָחֵל) Isaiah 53:7; absolute = sheep-shearer, I Samuel 25:7, I Samuel 25:11 II Samuel 13:23, II Samuel 13:24; obj. man’s head (ראשׁוֹ) Job 1:20; of a woman’s (figuratively of Israel) Micah 1:16 (no obj.; ‖ קרחי), (figuratively of Jerusalem) Jeremiah 7:29 (obj. נֵזֶר q.see)

נָגוֹ֫זּוּ be cut off (= destroyed) of Assyrians Nahum 1:12.

גֵּז²

n.[m.] shearing, mowing (Assyrian gizzu Zehnpfund^{BAS i. 530}, Aramaic גִּיזָּא, ܓܶܙܳܐ fleece)—גֵּז Psalms 72:6, also construct Deuteronomy 18:4 Job 31:20; plural construct גִּזֵּי Amos 7:1;—shearing = thing sheared off, wool, fleece ג׳ צֹאן Deuteronomy 18:4, ג׳ כְּבָשַׂי Job 31:20; mowing Amos 7:1 (ג׳ הַמֶּלֶךְ compare Robertson Smith^{Semi. 228}); = land to be mown Psalms 72:6 (but shearing in both, according to HoffmZAW ^{1883, 116 ff.} Siegfried-Stade).

גָּזֵז

n.pr.m. son of עֵיפָה, concub. of Caleb I Chronicles 2:46^(×2); v b says that חָרָן son of עיפה (and Caleb?) begat Gazez.

גָּזִית²

see sub גזה.

גָּזַל

verb tear away, seize, rob (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Phoenician גזל Niph., Aramaic גְּזַל, ܓܠܰܙ & (Nas.) ܓܙܰܠ; Arabic جَزَلَ cut off)—

past (עבר) גָּזַל Job 20:19 Ezekiel 18:18, גָּזָ֑ל Leviticus 5:23 + 2 times, גָּזַלְתִּי Psalms 69:5 etc.; future (עתיד) יִגְזֹל Ezekiel 18:7, וַיִּגְזֹל II Samuel 23:21 I Chronicles 11:23 etc.; infinitive (מקור) גְּזֹל Isaiah 10:2; participle (בינוני) active גּוֹזֵל Proverbs 28:24; with suffix גֹּזְלוֹ Psalms 35:10; plural construct גֹּזְלֵי Micah 3:2; passive גָּזוּל Deuteronomy 28:29 + 4 times;—tear away, rob, c. obj. rei (movable), flock (עֵדֶר) Job 24:2, ass Deuteronomy 28:31, women Judges 21:23 compare Genesis 31:31, tear away orphan child from breast Job 24:9 יתום מִשֹּׁד, snatch a spear from enemy’s hand II Samuel 23:21 = I Chronicles 11:23; figuratively of drying up snow-water Job 24:19; (obj. stationary) take violent possession of, well of water Genesis 21:25, house Job 20:19, fields Micah 2:2; (hyperb.) the skin Micah 3:2; with a direct object cogn. = seize, plunder, obj. גְּזֵלָה Leviticus 5:23 Ezekiel 18:7, Ezekiel 18:12, Ezekiel 18:16, גָּזֵל Ezekiel 18:18; Ezekiel 22:29; indef. Psalms 69:5; figuratively, obj. מִשְׁפָּט Isaiah 10:2; c. obj. person robbed Psalms 35:10 Proverbs 22:22; Proverbs 28:24, probably also Judges 9:25 compare Leviticus 19:13 (H; absolute); compare also passive Deuteronomy 28:29 (‖ עָשׁוּק); הציל גָּזוּל מיד עושׁק Jeremiah 21:12 compare Jeremiah 22:3; Malachi 1:13 גָּזוּל (‖ פִּסֵּחַ lame and חוֹלֶה sick), probably that rescued after seizure by wild beasts, therefore mutilated.

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular וְנִגְזְלָה, subj. sleep Proverbs 4:16 לא (‖ יִשְֽׁנוּ).

גָּזֵל

n.[m.] robbery—absolute גָּזֵל Leviticus 5:21 + 3 times + Ezekiel 18:18 compare below; construct גֵּ֫זֶל Ecclesiastes 5:7 Ezekiel 18:18 (but compare below);—robbery Leviticus 5:21 Psalms 62:11 (‖ עֹשֶׁק) Isaiah 61:8; = thing plundered, taken as plunder, as direct object cogn. Ezekiel 22:29 (גָּזַל גָּזֵל); figuratively גֵּזֶל משפט = wresting of justice (compare Isaiah 10:2) Ecclesiastes 5:7—Ezekiel 18:18 has גֵּזֶל אָח, but Septuagint Co del. אח; read then גָּזֵל.—Cf. Lagarde^{BN 172}.

גְּזֵלָה

noun (fem.) plunder, spoil—גְּזֵלָה Leviticus 5:23 + 3 times; construct גְּזֵלַת Isaiah 3:14, גְּזֵלוֹת Ezekiel 18:12;—thing seized, spoil Leviticus 5:23 Ezekiel 33:15; גְּזֵלַת הֶעָנִי Isaiah 3:14; as direct object cogn. Ezekiel 18:7, Ezekiel 18:12, Ezekiel 18:16.

גַּזָּם

n.pr.m. head of a family of returned exiles בְּנֵי ג׳ Ezra 2:48 = Nehemiah 7:50.

גָּזַר

verb cut, divide (Arabic جَزَرَ, Mishnaic Hebrew גָּזַר cut, determine, circumcise; Ethiopic ገዘረ Aramaic גְּזַר, ܓܙܰܪ )—

past (עבר) גָּזַר Habakkuk 3:17; future (עתיד) וַיִּגְזֹר Isaiah 9:19; 2nd masculine singular תִּגְזַר Job 22:28; וַיִּגְזְרוּ II Kings 6:4; participle (בינוני) active גֹּזֵר Psalms 136:13;—

divide, cut in two, followed by direct object I Kings 3:25 (ג׳ לִשְׁנָ֑יִם) compare v I Kings 3:26 (obj. not expressed).

divide the Red Sea (direct object) Psalms 136:13 followed by לִגְזָרִים.

cut down הָעֵצִים II Kings 6:4.

cut off (piece of meat to eat, but obj. not expr. ‖ אכל) Isaiah 9:19.

cut off, that is destroy, exterminate Habakkuk 3:17 (with a direct object; indef. subj.), followed by מִן location

decree (Aramaism, compare Biblical Aramaic) Job 22:28 with a direct object

past (עבר) נִגְזַר II Chronicles 26:21; Esther 2:1, נִגְזָ֑רְתִּי Lamentations 3:54, נִגֳז֑רוּ Psalms 88:6, נִגְזַרְנוּ Ezekiel 37:11; Isaiah 53:8;—

be cut off, separated, excluded from (מִן) temple II Chronicles 26:21, from (מִן) Yahweh’s hand Psalms 88:6 (of the slain), from (מִן) the land of the living Isaiah 53:8 (of the suffering servant of י׳).

be cut off = destroyed Lamentations 3:54; Ezekiel 37:11.

be decreed, Esther 2:1 followed by עַל against (compare Qal 6).

גֶּ֫זֶר

n. [m.] part, only plural הַגְּזָרִים Genesis 15:17 of halves of animals; גְּזָרִים Psalms 136:13 of divided portions of Red Sea.

גֶּ֫זֶר²

n.pr.location (portion) Levitical city on border of Ephraim Joshua 10:33; Joshua 12:12; Joshua 21:21; I Kings 9:16; I Chronicles 6:52; I Chronicles 7:28; I Chronicles 20:4; גָּ֑זֶר Joshua 16:3, Joshua 16:10; Judges 1:29^(×2) compare II Samuel 5:25; I Kings 9:15, I Kings 9:17; c. ה—ָ location גָּ֑זְרָה I Chronicles 14:16;—cuneiform Gazri, Bez^{Tell el-Amarna Tabl. BM. 148}; mod. Tell-Jezer, c. 18 m. N. of W. from Jerus., S. of the Jaffa road; Gann in PEF ^{1873, 78 f.; 1875, 74 f.} compare Bd^{Pal. 17}.

גְּזֵרָה

noun (fem.) separation—אֶל־אֶרֶץ גְּזֵרָ֑ה Leviticus 16:22 unto a land of separation, of the goat for Azazel; solitary land RV; ‘cut off,’ that is whence it would not readily find its way back VB.

גַּחֶ֫לֶת

noun (fem.) Ezekiel 1:13 coal (compare Assyrian guḫlu, a shining precious stone? COT^Gloss. Zim^{BP 45})—absolute גַּחֶלֶת Isaiah 47:14; with suffix גַּחַלְתִּי II Samuel 14:7; plural גֶּחָלִים Psalms 18:9 + 6 times; construct גַּחֲלֵי Leviticus 16:12 + 5 times + Psalms 18:14 (del. Septuagint De Cheyne) with suffix גֶּחָלָיו Isaiah 44:19, גֶּחָלֶיהָ Ezekiel 24:11;—coal, plural ג׳ אֵשׁ coals of fire Leviticus 16:12, II Samuel 22:13 = Psalms 18:13 [also Psalms 18:14 compare above] Ezekiel 10:2 (in vision); compare II Samuel 22:9 = Psalms 18:9 Job 41:13, also Proverbs 6:28 Isaiah 44:19; in simile (of strife) Proverbs 26:21 (opposite פֶּחָם black coal); Ezekiel 1:13 גַּחֲלֵי אֵשׁ (of the living creatures); figuratively of hope in posterity II Samuel 14:7, of divine judgment, ג׳ רתם coals of broom-plant Psalms 120:4, compare Psalms 140:11, also (negat.) Isaiah 47:14 Ezekiel 24:11; of kindness to enemy Proverbs 25:22.

גַּ֫חַם

n.pr.m. (flame?) Genesis 22:24 a son of Nahor, brother of Abraham, by רְאוּמָה his concubine.

גַּ֫חַר

n.pr.m. head of a family of returned exiles Ezra 2:47 בְּנֵי־ג׳ = Nehemiah 7:48 בְּנֵי־גָחַ֑ר.

גַּיְא

noun (masc.)^{Isaiah 40:4} (f. ^{Zechariah 14:4}) valley—absolute גַּיְא Numbers 21:20 + 8 times + I Samuel 17:52 (compare below) גָּ֑יְא I Chronicles 4:39, גֵּיא Zechariah 14:4, גֶּיא Isaiah 40:4, גַּי Deuteronomy 34:6 + 2 times; construct גֵּיא Isaiah 22:1 + 21 times גֵּי Joshua 15:8 + 13 times; plural absolute גֵּאָיוֹת Ezekiel 31:12; Ezekiel 36:4, Ezekiel 36:6 + Ezekiel 7:16; Ezekiel 32:5 (del. Co) + Ezekiel 6:3 II Kings 2:16 Qr (so Co Ezekiel 6:3; Kt גיאות); with suffix גֵּיאוֹתֶיךָ Ezekiel 35:8;—valley Joshua 8:11 Micah 1:6 I Samuel 17:3 II Kings 2:16 (opposite הַר) Isaiah 40:4 (opposite גִּבְעָה, הַר), Ezekiel 6:3; Ezekiel 35:8; Ezekiel 36:4, Ezekiel 36:6 (in all c. גבעות אפיקים, הרים), Ezekiel 31:12 (opposite הַר), compare Ezekiel 7:16 (del. B Co) Ezekiel 32:5; specif., valley in Moab, a station of Isr. Numbers 21:20; over against Beth-Peor Deuteronomy 3:29; Deuteronomy 4:46; Deuteronomy 34:6; a valley near גְּדוֹר I Chronicles 4:39; ג׳ חִזָּיוֹן Isaiah 22:1, Isaiah 22:5 near Jerus.; ג׳ שְׁמָנִים Isaiah 28:1, Isaiah 28:4 valley of fatness, fertility, the valley surrounding Samaria; שַׁעַר הַגּ׳ II Chronicles 26:9 Nehemiah 2:13, Nehemiah 2:15; Nehemiah 3:13; apocalyptic valley Zechariah 14:4, made by cleaving Mt. of Olives, compare ג׳ הרים; valley of slaughter ג׳ ההרגה, a future name of valley of Hinnom Jeremiah 7:32; Jeremiah 19:6 I Samuel 17:52 (גַּיְא) Septuagint reads גַּת compare Wellhausen Driver; Jeremiah 2:23 of valley of Hinnom, see below; figuratively Psalms 23:4 ג׳ צלמות compare צלמות; Ezekiel 39:11 ג׳ הָעֹבְרִים, Co הָעֲבָרִים n.pr. compare below; elsewhere in combination with n.pr.:—

ג׳ יִפְתַּח־אֵל Joshua 19:14, Joshua 19:27 perhaps Jotapata Jos^{BJ iii. 7, 7}; Rabbin. גופתתא Reland^{Pal. 816};—Tell Jefût Rob^{BR iii, 107}. Gutheérin^{Gal i. 476 f.} compare Bd^{Pal. 243}.

ג׳ הַצְּבֹעִים I Samuel 13:18.

ג׳־הַמֶּלַח II Kings 14:7 (Kt; Qr om. art.) I Chronicles 18:12 II Chronicles 25:11 = ג׳־מֶלַח II Samuel 8:13 Psalms 60:2 (title); S. of Dead Sea, in or bordering on Edom; el-Ghôr Rob^{BR ii. 109}.

ג׳ הֶחָרָשִׁים I Chronicles 4:14 Nehemiah 11:35, appar. near Lod & Ono, NW. of Jerus., not far from the sea.

ג׳ צְפַ֖תָֿה לְמָרֵשָׁה II Chronicles 14:9 (? read צָפֹנָה, Septuagint κατὰ βορρᾶν, to the north of M.) probably near the great plain of Judah, W. of Jerus., toward the sea; ג׳ הָעֹבְרִים Ezekiel 39:11, E. of Dead Sea (Hitzig Smend), Co reads ג׳ הָעֲבָרִים.

name to be changed to ג׳ הֲמוֹן־גּוֹג Ezekiel 39:11, Ezekiel 39:15. Most frequently

גֵּי הִנֹּם Joshua 15:8; Joshua 18:16 Nehemiah 11:30, גֵּי בֶן־הִנֹּם Joshua 15:8; Joshua 18:16 II Kings 23:10 Qr (Kt גי בני ה׳) II Chronicles 28:3; II Chronicles 33:6 Jeremiah 7:31, Jeremiah 7:32; Jeremiah 19:2, Jeremiah 19:6; Jeremiah 32:35; valley SW. & S. of Jerus. (Rob^{BR ii. 273 f.}), where incense was burned, and children were offered in sacrifice to ‘Molech.’ Others identify with the Tyropœon valley, compare Robertson Smith^{Sem i. 353}; vid. further הִנֹּם, תֹּפֶת.

גֵּיחֲזִי

n.pr.m. (valley of vision?) servant of Elisha, גֵיחֲזִי II Kings 4:12, II Kings 4:14, II Kings 4:25, II Kings 4:27, II Kings 4:29, II Kings 4:36; II Kings 5:20, II Kings 5:21; גֵּחֲזִי II Kings 4:31; II Kings 5:25; II Kings 8:4, II Kings 8:5.

גִּיד

noun (masc.) ^{Genesis 32:33} sinew (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Aramaic גִּידָא, ܓܝܳܕܳܐ; compare Arabic جِيدٌ neck)—construct גִּיד Genesis 32:33^(×2) Isaiah 48:4; plural גִּידִים Job 10:11 Ezekiel 37:6, גִּדִים Ezekiel 37:8; construct גִּידֵי Job 40:17;—sinew, in general of human body, ‖ בשׂר, עור, עצמות, Job 10:11 compare Ezekiel 37:6, Ezekiel 37:8; of thigh Genesis 32:33 (of beast) v Genesis 33; iron sinew, figuratively of obstinacy, Isaiah 48:4 וג׳ בַּרְזֶל עָרְפֶּ֑ךָ וּמִצְחֲךָ נְחוּשָׁה; of hippopot., ג׳ פחדו, that is of his loins, Job 40:17.

גִּיחַ

verb burst forth (compare Noldeke^{ZMG 1883, 538}; Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Aramaic the same, and ܓܳܚ; Ethiopic ጎሐ break forth, of light, etc.)—

impf. יָגִיחַ Job 40:23, 2nd masculine singular וַתָּ֫גַח Ezekiel 32:2; imperative (ציווי) fs. גֹּ֫חִי Micah 4:10; infinitive (מקור) with suffix (בְּ)גִיחוֹ Job 38:8; participle (בינוני) with suffix גֹּחִ֫י Psalms 22:10 (but compare below);—

intrans. burst forth, of dashing river (a very Jordan) Job 40:23; of sea figuratively as babe from womb Job 38:8;

trans.

draw forth from womb (subj. י׳) Psalms 22:10 (where read גָּחִ֫י pt. from גּוּחַ, or regard גֹּחִי as metapl., as if from גחה? see De & Cheyne^{crit. note}) compare Psalms 71:6; also

thrust forth, bring forth, figuratively of travail, applied to Jerusalem in distress Micah 4:10 (compare Stade's Hebrew Grammar § 599 b Konig^{f. 505}); burst forth with rivers (figuratively of Pharaoh under image of תַּנִּים) Ezekiel 32:2, but for בנהרותיך (rivers) read probably בִּנְהִרוֹתֶיךָ Job 41:12 (nostrils), that is snort with thy nostrils, so Ewald Co Hitzig. rather ‘break forth (with that which is to be born),’ but text doubtful Hitzig pt. מֵגִיחַ of troops burst forth Judges 20:33.

גִּיחַ²

n.pr.location (from a spring?) near Gibeon in Benjamin II Samuel 2:24.

גִּיחוֹן

n.pr.fl. (a bursting forth)—

one of the rivers of Eden Genesis 2:13 (on theories of identity see Comm.; also Smith^{Dict. Bible} Schaff-Herzog^{Art. Eden} Spurrell^{Text of Gen. ad location} Ri^HWB).

spring of water near Jerusalem: גִּחוֹן I Kings 1:33, I Kings 1:38, I Kings 1:45, מֵימֵי גִוחוֹן הָעֶלְיוֹן II Chronicles 32:30, לְגִיחוֹן בַּנַּחַל II Chronicles 33:14;—there are two main theories as to locality:

W. of Jerusalem, connected with Birket Mamilla, and aqueduct into city Rob^{BR i. 239, 345 ff.} Survey^Jerusalem al.;

E. of Jerusalem = Fountain of the Virgin, Furrer^{SchenkelBL ii. 463} Bd^{Pal. 101}, or Siloah water-system Guthe^{ZPV, see, 1882, 359 ff.}

גֵּיחֲזִי²

see sub גַּיְא.

גִּיל

verb rejoice (Noldeke^{ZMG 1883, 537}; compare Arabic جَالَ go round or about, be excited to levity, etc.)—

past (עבר) גַּלְתִּי Isaiah 65:19; future (עתיד) יָגִיל, תָּגִיל Psalms 21:2 + 4 times (Psalms 21:2 Kt יגיל, Qr יָ֫גֶל with retracted tone); יָגֵל, תָּגֵל Psalms 13:6 + 11 times, וַיָּגֶל Psalms 16:9, אָגִילָה, נָגִילָה Psalms 9:15 + 5 times, יָגִילוּ Psalms 13:5 + 5 times, יְגִילוּן Psalms 89:17, תָּגֵלְנָה Psalms 48:12 + 2 times; יָגִו֯ל Proverbs 23:24; imperative (ציווי) גִּילוּ Psalms 2:11 + 4 times, גִּילִי Isaiah 49:13 + 2 times;

rejoice,

absolute Psalms 13:5; Psalms 51:10 Isaiah 49:13 Zechariah 9:9; ‖ שׂמח Psalms 14:7; Psalms 16:9; Psalms 32:11; Psalms 48:12; Psalms 53:7; Psalms 96:11; Psalms 97:1, Psalms 97:8 Proverbs 23:24, Proverbs 23:25 I Chronicles 16:31 Habakkuk 1:15; ‖ שׂושׂ, שׂישׂ Isaiah 35:1; Isaiah 65:18.

c. בְּ Psalms 149:2 Proverbs 2:14; Proverbs 24:17 Isaiah 9:2; בירושׁלם Isaiah 65:19; Isaiah 66:10; בישׁועתך Psalms 9:15; Psalms 13:6; Psalms 21:2; ביהוה Psalms 35:9 Isaiah 41:16 Zechariah 10:7; באלהים Isaiah 61:10 Habakkuk 3:18; בשׁם י׳ Psalms 89:17; בקדושׁ ישׂראל Isaiah 29:19; גיל ושׂמח ב׳ Psalms 31:8; Psalms 118:24 Song of Songs 1:4 Isaiah 25:9 Joel 2:23; גילי ושׂמחי כי Joel 2:21.

with עַל Zephaniah 3:17. Besides persons the subj. is לֵב Psalms 13:6 Proverbs 24:17 Zechariah 10:7; נפשׁ Psalms 35:9 Isaiah 61:10, כבוד (= נפשׁ) Psalms 16:9, ארץ I Chronicles 16:31 Psalms 96:11; Psalms 97:1 Isaiah 49:13, ערבה Isaiah 35:1, Isaiah 35:2.

tremble (compare Arabic وَجِلَ) Psalms 2:11 ‖ עבד (Gesenius' Thesaurus Ewald Hitzig Cheyne, but Septuagint Hu De Pe AV RV rejoice), Hosea 10:5 ‖ אבל (Gesenius' Thesaurus and most mod., but AV RV that rejoiced over it), possibly error for חיל Ewald Gratz Cheyne.

גִּיל²

n.[m.] rejoicing—Job 3:22 + 6times, גִּו֯ל Proverbs 23:24; with suffix גִּילִי Psalms 43:4;—rejoicing Psalms 65:13 Proverbs 23:24; ‖ שׂמחה Psalms 45:16 Isaiah 16:10 Jeremiah 48:33 Joel 1:16, שִׂמְחַת גִילִי Psalms 43:4, שׂמח אל גיל glad unto rejoicing Hosea 9:1 Job 3:22.

גִּיל³

n.[m.] circle, age, מן הילדים אשׁר כְּגִלְכֶם of the youths which are of your age Daniel 1:10 (compare Arabic جِيلٌ, Sam. גיל = Hebrew דור = γενεά, Talm בן גילו one born at the same time, a contemporary).

גִּילָה

noun (fem.) rejoicing Isaiah 65:18, גִּילַת וְרַנֵּן Isaiah 35:2 (nom. verbal. for infinitive (מקור) absolute compare De Dillmann; construct before וְ Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 130. 2; but read probably גִּילָה); הַגִּילָה read Isaiah 9:2 for הַגּוֹי לֹא by Krochm Cheyne Robertson Smith Dillmann.

גִּלֹה

n.pr.location city in mountains of Judah Joshua 15:51 II Samuel 15:12; (on √ compare Driver II Samuel 15:12.)

גִּינַת

see sub גנן.

גִּר

n.[m.] chalk, lime (perhaps Aramaic loanword compare Frä9; Aramaic (also Biblical Aramaic) גִּיר, ܓܺܪܳܐ; Arabic جِيرٌ is loan-wd.Frä^l.c.)—מִזְבֵּחַ כְּאַבְנֵי גִר Isaiah 27:9.

גַּל

see sub גלל.

גִּלְבֹּעַ

n.pr.location Gilboaʿ (derivation unknown), mountain-ridge at S.E. end of plain of Jezreel, where Saul & Jonathan were killed; usually c. art. הַר הַגּ׳ I Samuel 31:1, I Samuel 31:8 II Samuel 1:6; הָרֵי בַּגִּלְבֹּעַ II Samuel 1:21 (David’s lament); בַּגּ׳ alone I Samuel 28:4 II Samuel 21:12; without art. הַר גִּלְבֹּעַ I Chronicles 10:1, I Chronicles 10:8 (‖ I Samuel 31:1, I Samuel 31:8 above);—mod. Jebel Fuḳûʿa Bd^{Pal. 244}.

גַּלְגַּל

see sub גלל.

גָּלָה

verb uncover, remove (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, compare Arabic جَلَا be or become clear, uncovered; display, reveal, declare; go forth, emigrate; compare Ethiopic ገለወ obducere, velare, & 11: ገለየ in deriv. (rare) Dillmann¹¹⁴¹; Aramaic גְּלָא, ܓܠܴܐ reveal)—

past (עבר) ג׳ etc. I Samuel 4:21 + (18 t.times in all); future (עתיד) יִגְלֶה I Samuel 20:2 + 5 times וַיִּ֫גֶֽל II Kings 17:23 + 3 times, also juss. יִ֫גֶל Job 20:28; Job 36:15; 3rd masculine plural יִגְלוּ Amos 6:7; imperative (ציווי) ms. גְּלֵה Ezekiel 12:3; infinitive (מקור) absolute גָּלֹה Amos 5:5 + 2 times, construct גְּלוֹת Judges 18:30 Jeremiah 1:3; participle (בינוני) גּוֹלֶה II Kings 24:14, גֹּלֶה I Samuel 22:8 + 3 times, f. גּוֹלָה Isaiah 49:21; passive גָּלוּי Esther 3:14 + 2 times, construct גְּלוּי Numbers 24:4, Numbers 24:16;—

גָּלָה אֹזֶן uncover the ear of one, that is reveal to him I Samuel 9:15; I Samuel 20:2, I Samuel 20:12, I Samuel 20:13; I Samuel 22:8^(×2), I Samuel 22:17 II Samuel 7:27 I Chronicles 17:25 Ruth 4:4 Job 33:16; Job 36:10, Job 36:15; גְּלוּי עינים uncovered of eyes, having the eyes open Numbers 24:4, Numbers 24:16; גָּלָה סוֹד reveal a secret Amos 3:7 Proverbs 20:19; הגלוי the revealed opposite הֶחָתוּם Jeremiah 32:11; גָּלוּי לְ disclosed, published Esther 3:14; Esther 8:13.

intr. remove, depart, גלה משׂושׂ הארץ the mirth of the land is departed Isaiah 24:11; יגל יבול ביתו the increase of his house shall depart Job 20:28; גלה חציר Proverbs 27:25.

go into exile Judges 18:30 II Kings 17:23; II Kings 25:21 Isaiah 5:13 Jeremiah 1:3; Jeremiah 52:27 Ezekiel 12:3; Ezekiel 39:23 Amos 1:5; Amos 5:5; Amos 6:7; Amos 7:11, Amos 7:17 Micah 1:16 Lamentations 1:3; גלה כבוד I Samuel 4:21, I Samuel 4:22 Hosea 10:5; pt. גֹּלֶה an exile II Samuel 15:19 II Kings 24:14 Isaiah 49:21 Amos 6:7.

past (עבר) נִגְלָה I Samuel 3:1 + 9 times, נִגְלָתָה Isaiah 53:1, נִגְלֵתִי I Samuel 2:27, נִגְלוּ Genesis 35:7 + 2 times, נִגְלִינוּ I Samuel 14:8; future (עתיד) יִגָּלֶה, תִּגָּלֶה I Samuel 3:7 + 4 times תִּגָּל Isaiah 47:3, יִגָּלוּ II Samuel 22:16 + 2 times; imperative (ציווי) הִגָּלוּ Isaiah 49:9; infinitive (מקור) absolute נִגְלֹה I Samuel 2:27; construct נִגְלוֹת II Samuel 6:20, הִגָּלוֹת II Samuel 6:20 + 2 times; participle (בינוני) plural נִגְלֹת Deuteronomy 29:28;—

refl.

uncover oneself (one’s nakedness) II Samuel 6:20.

discover or shew oneself Isaiah 49:9, אֶל I Samuel 14:8, I Samuel 14:11.

reveal himself (of God), אֶל Genesis 35:7 I Samuel 2:27; I Samuel 3:21, באזני Isaiah 22:14.

passive

be uncovered (one’s nakedness), ערוה Exodus 20:23 Isaiah 47:3 Ezekiel 16:36; Ezekiel 23:29, שׁולים Jeremiah 13:22.

be disclosed, discovered, foundations II Samuel 22:16 (= Psalms 18:16) Ezekiel 13:14; gates of death Job 38:17, עון Hosea 7:1, פשׁע Ezekiel 21:29, רעה Proverbs 26:26 Ezekiel 16:57.

be revealed כבוד י׳ Isaiah 40:5, זרוע י׳ Isaiah 53:1, דבר י׳ I Samuel 3:7, צדקה Isaiah 56:1; with לְ Isaiah 23:1 Daniel 10:1, הַנִּגְלֹת the things revealed Deuteronomy 29:28.

be removed, דּוֹרִי נִסַּע וְנִגְלָה מִנִּי my habitation is plucked up and removed from me Isaiah 38:12.

past (עבר) גִּלָּה Leviticus 20:11, גִּלִּית Isaiah 57:8, גִּלֵּיתִי Jeremiah 33:6; future (עתיד) יְגַלֶּה Deuteronomy 23:1, תְּגַל Proverbs 25:9; imperative (ציווי) גַּל Psalms 119:18, גַּלִּי Isaiah 47:2; infinitive (מקור) גַּלּוֹת Leviticus 18:6; participle (בינוני) מְגַלֶּה Job 12:22;—

uncover,

nakedness (often = contract marriage, RSLag^{GN 1882, 408; JPh. ix. 94}) Leviticus 18:6-19; Leviticus 20:11-21 (H 23 times) Ezekiel 22:10; compare כנף אביו Deuteronomy 23:1; Deuteronomy 27:20; of exposure, as a reproach, Ezekiel 16:37; Ezekiel 23:10, compare נבלת Hosea 2:12, שׁולים Nahum 3:5; immodesty Ezekiel 23:18, מקור דמיה Leviticus 20:18, תזנותיה Ezekiel 23:18; ג׳ alone Isaiah 57:8 (all subj. feminine)

in generally; feet Ruth 3:4, Ruth 3:7, leg Isaiah 47:2, veil v Isaiah 47:2 (that is remove it) compare Isaiah 22:8, פני לבושׁו Job 41:5, eyes Numbers 22:31 Psalms 119:18 (open them so as to see).

disclose, discover, lay bare, secret places Jeremiah 49:10, deep places Job 12:22, foundations Micah 1:6, blood Isaiah 26:21, iniquity Job 20:27, secret Proverbs 11:13; Proverbs 25:9, a wanderer (betray) Isaiah 16:3.

make known, shew, reveal, רִיב אֶל make known a cause unto Jeremiah 11:20; Jeremiah 20:12; with לְ Jeremiah 33:6; גִּלָּה צִדְקָתוֹ לעיני shew his righteousness in the eyes of Psalms 98:2; with עַל: על עון, על חטאת make known concerning, iniquity, sin Lamentations 2:14; Lamentations 4:22.

past (עבר) גֻּלְּתָה be uncovered Nahum 2:8; participle (בינוני) תּוֹכַחַת מְגֻלָּה open rebuke Proverbs 27:5.

past (עבר) הֶגְלָה II Kings 17:11 +, הִגְלָה II Kings 24:14, הֶגְלָם I Chronicles 8:7, הִגְלָם Jeremiah 20:4; future (עתיד) וַיֶּגֶל II Kings 17:6 + 3 times; with suffix וַיַּגְלֶהָ II Kings 16:9, וַיַּגְלֵם II Kings 15:29, I Chronicles 5:26, יַגְלוּם I Chronicles 8:6: infinitive (מקור) הַגְלוֹת I Chronicles 5:41 + 5 times, בַּגְלוֹתוֹ Jeremiah 27:20;—carry away into exile, take into exile II Kings 15:29; II Kings 16:9; II Kings 17:6, II Kings 17:11, II Kings 17:26, II Kings 17:27, II Kings 17:28, II Kings 17:33; II Kings 18:11; II Kings 24:14, II Kings 24:15; II Kings 25:11 I Chronicles 5:6, I Chronicles 5:26, I Chronicles 5:41; I Chronicles 8:6, I Chronicles 8:7 II Chronicles 36:20 Ezra 2:1 Nehemiah 7:6 Esther 2:6 Jeremiah 20:4; Jeremiah 22:12; Jeremiah 24:1; Jeremiah 27:20; Jeremiah 20:1, Jeremiah 20:4, Jeremiah 20:7, Jeremiah 20:14; Jeremiah 39:9; Jeremiah 43:3; Jeremiah 52:15, Jeremiah 52:28, Jeremiah 52:29, Jeremiah 52:30 Lamentations 4:22 Ezekiel 39:28 Amos 1:6; Amos 5:27.

past (עבר) הָגְלָה Esther 2:6; f. הָגְלְתָה Esther 2:6, הָגְלוּ I Chronicles 9:1 Jeremiah 40:7, הָגְלָת Jeremiah 13:19^(×2) (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 75 m); participle (בינוני) passive מֻגְלִים Jeremiah 40:1 carried into exile.

future (עתיד) וַיִּתְגַּל was uncovered (naked) Genesis 9:21.

infinitive (מקור) בְּהִתְגַּלּוֹת לִבּוֹ that his heart may reveal itself Proverbs 18:2.

גּוֹלָה

noun (fem.) exiles, exile—(compare Arabic جَالٍ one emigrating, جَالِيَةٌ a company of exiles)—Jeremiah 28:6 + 38 times, גֹּלָה Isaiah 49:21 I Chronicles 5:22 Esther 2:6 Nahum 3:10;—

coll. exiles, Esther 2:6 Jeremiah 29:1 Ezekiel 1:1; Ezekiel 3:11, Ezekiel 3:15; Ezekiel 11:24, Ezekiel 11:25 Nahum 3:10; כל־הגולה Jeremiah 28:6; Jeremiah 29:4, Jeremiah 29:20, Jeremiah 29:31, קהל הגולה Ezra 10:8.

abstract, exile, Ezra 6:21; Ezra 9:4; Ezra 10:6 Zechariah 6:10; הלך בגולה go into exile Jeremiah 48:11; Jeremiah 49:3; Ezekiel 12:11; Ezekiel 25:3 Amos 1:15; יצא בג׳ Jeremiah 29:16; Jeremiah 48:7 Zechariah 14:2; הוליך גולה carry into exile II Kings 24:15, הביא ג׳ II Kings 24:16, הוציא ג׳ Ezekiel 12:4, העלה ג׳ Ezra 1:11; כלי גולה equipment for exile Jeremiah 46:19 Ezekiel 12:3, Ezekiel 12:4, Ezekiel 12:7; עד הגלה until the exile I Chronicles 5:22; בני הגולה exiles Ezra 4:1; Ezra 6:19, Ezra 6:20; Ezra 8:35; Ezra 10:7, Ezra 10:16; שׁבי הגולה captivity of the exile Ezra 2:1 Nehemiah 7:6.

גָּלוּת

noun (fem.) exile—Isaiah 20:4 + 9 times; גָּלֻת Obadiah 1:20; with suffix גָּלוּתִי Isaiah 45:13, גָּלוּתֵינוּ Ezekiel 33:21; Ezekiel 40:1 (Qameṣ unchangeable);—

absolute exile, II Kings 25:27 Jeremiah 52:31 Ezekiel 1:2; Ezekiel 33:21; Ezekiel 40:1.

coll. exiles Amos 1:6, Amos 1:9 Obadiah 1:20, גלות כושׁ Isaiah 20:4, גלות יהודה Jeremiah 24:5; Jeremiah 28:4; Jeremiah 29:22; Jeremiah 40:1, גלותי ישׁלח he shall let my exiles (Yahweh’s) go free Isaiah 45:13; vid. Lagarde^{Arm. Stud. § 445}.

גִּלָּיוֹן

noun (masc.) table, tablet (Talm גִּלְיוֹן, the empty margin of page or roll, vid. Lagarde^{GN 1881, 403, compare BN 199})—קַח־לְךָ גִּלָּיוֹן גָּדוֹל וּכְתֹב עָלָיו take thee a great tablet and write upon it Isaiah 8:1; plural הַגִּלְיֹנִים tablets of polished metal, mirrors Isaiah 3:23 Targum Vulgate Gesenius Cheyne Dillmann De; but transparent garments, gauzes, Septuagint Ewald (compare Arabic جَلْوَةٌ fine garment).

גִּלֹה²

n.pr.location see sub גיל.

גֻּלָּה

v sub גלל.

גָּלַח

verb be bald (Arabic جَلِحَ );

shave, shave off (so Mishnaic Hebrew, Aramaic)—past (עבר) וְגִלַּח consec. Leviticus 14:8 + 2 times; with suffix וְגִלְּחוֹ consec. II Samuel 14:26; 3rd feminine singular וְגִלְּחָה consec. Deuteronomy 21:12; future (עתיד) יְגַלַּח Leviticus 14:9 Isaiah 7:20, יְגַלֵּ֑חַ Leviticus 13:33 + 2 times, וַיְגַלַּח Genesis 41:14 II Samuel 10:4; with suffix (3rd masculine singular) יְגַלְּחֶנּוּ, וַיְגַלְּחֵם I Chronicles 19:4; 3rd feminine singular וַתְּגַלַּח Judges 16:19; 3rd masculine plural יְגַלֵּ֑חוּ Leviticus 21:5 Ezekiel 44:20; infinitive (מקור) with suffix of subj. גַּלְּחוֹ II Samuel 14:26;—

shave, obj. the head, רֹאשׁ Numbers 6:9^(×2), Numbers 6:18 Deuteronomy 21:12 (hair as containing impurity compare Robertson Smith^{Sem i 407}), II Samuel 14:26^(×2) compare II Samuel 14:26 Ezekiel 44:20; Leviticus 13:33, obj. הַנֶּתֶק; obj. persons I Chronicles 19:4.

shave off, the hair שֵׂעָר Leviticus 14:8, Leviticus 14:9^(×2) compare Judges 16:19; the beard זָקָן Leviticus 21:5 II Samuel 10:4.

figuratively of devastation by Assyrians Isaiah 7:20 (obj. הָרֹאשׁ, שַׂעַר הָרַגְלָ֑יִם and הַזָּקָן)

intrans. he shaved (himself) Genesis 41:14.

past (עבר) גֻּלָּ֑ח Judges 16:22, גֻּלַּחְתִּי Judges 16:17; participle (בינוני) construct מְגֻלְּחֵי Jeremiah 41:5;—be shaven, subj. person (of Samson) Judges 16:17, Judges 16:22; מְגֻלְּחֵי זָקָן Jeremiah 41:5.

past (עבר) וְהִתְגַּלָּ֑ח consec. Leviticus 13:33; infinitive (מקור) with suffix הִתְגַּלְּחוֹ Numbers 6:19;—shave oneself Leviticus 13:33; with a direct object אֶת־נִזְרוֹ Numbers 6:19 (both P).

גלל

(جَلَّ be great in rank or dignity (often of God)).

גְּלַל

n.[m.] account, only in construct st. with בְּ, בִּגְלַל on account of, for the sake of (جَلَلٌ a great and momentous matter; مِنْ جَلَلِكَ on thy account; compare מִן בִּגְלַל דְּ because that in Palestinian Targum, as Psalms 4:9, and ܓܠܰܠ in Jerus. Syriac Payne Smith (Syriac Thesaurus)⁷³¹) Genesis 39:5 י׳ blessed the house of the Egyptian בִּגְלַל יוֹסֵף on account of Joseph, Deuteronomy 15:10; Deuteronomy 18:12 I Kings 14:16 Jeremiah 11:17; Jeremiah 15:4; with with suffix בִּגְלָלֶ֑ךָ Genesis 30:27; בִּגְלָלֵךְ Genesis 12:13; בִּגְלַלְכֶם Deuteronomy 1:37 Micah 3:12.

גָּלַל

verb roll, roll away (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, & deriv.; Aramaic Pa. גַּלֵּל, Palp. גַּלְגֵּיל roll, Ithpalp. reflex., & deriv.; compare ܓܰܠ Ethiopic, Ethpalp. (see Payne Smith (Syriac Thesaurus)). ܓܺܓܰܠ rota, ܓܰܠܠܴܐ fluctus, etc.)—

past (עבר) 1st singular גַּלּוֹתִי Joshua 5:9, וְגָֽלֲלוּ consec. Genesis 29:3, Genesis 29:8; imperative (ציווי) גֹּל Psalms 22:9 (Masoretic Text De; but Septuagint Bi Cheyne read גַּל 3rd masculine singular pf., so AV RVm) Proverbs 16:3, גּוֹל Psalms 37:5, גַּל Psalms 119:22 (but read גֹּל Ewald Hitzig Ri Gratz Cheyne), גֹּלּוּ Joshua 10:18 I Samuel 14:33; participle (בינוני) גֹּלֵל Proverbs 26:27;—roll a stone Proverbs 26:27; roll away stone from upon (מֵעַל) the mouth of a well Genesis 29:3, Genesis 29:8; roll stones unto (אֶל) the mouth of a cave Joshua 10:18; stone unto (אֶל) Saul, at which to slay beasts I Samuel 14:33; figuratively reproach from upon (מֵעַל) the people Joshua 5:9 (subj. י׳), compare Psalms 119:22 (followed by מֵעַל); but also גּוֹל עַל־י׳ דַּרְכֶּ֑ךָ Psalms 37:5, compare Psalms 22:9 Proverbs 16:3 (both followed by אֶל־).

past (עבר) וְנָגֹלּוּ consec. Isaiah 34:4; future (עתיד) וְיִגַּל (juss.) Amos 5:24;—roll, roll up or along (intrans.). וְנָגֹלּוּ כַסֵּפֶר הַשָּׁמַיִם Isaiah 34:4 and the heavens shall roll up like a book; יִגַּל כַּמַּיִם מִשְׁפָּט Amos 5:24 let judgment roll along (flow down) as the waters.

past (עבר) וְגִלְגַּלְתִּיךָ consec. Jeremiah 51:25 and I will roll thee down from (מִן) the rocks (subj. י׳; obj. Babylon under figuratively of mt.) Pōʿal. participle (בינוני) שִׂמְלָה מְגוֹלָלָה בְדָמִים Isaiah 9:4 garment rolled (dabbled, rolled over and over) in blood.

infinitive (מקור) לְהִתְגֹּלֵל Genesis 43:18; participle (בינוני) מִתְגֹּלֵל II Samuel 20:12; roll oneself over and over, וַעֲמָשָׂא מִתְג׳ בַּדָּם II Samuel 20:12 now Amasa was wallowing in his blood; figuratively Genesis 43:18 לְהִתְג׳ עָלֵינוּ to roll himself upon us, that is assail us with overwhelming force (‖ וּלְהִתְנַפֵּל עָלֵינוּ).

past (עבר) הִתְגַּלְגָּ֑לוּ Job 30:14 (absolute; ‖ כְּפֶרֶץ רָחָב יֶאֱתָ֑יוּ) compare Hithpo. Genesis 43:18.

future (עתיד) וַיָּ֫גֶל Genesis 29:10;—roll away stone from upon (מֵעַל) mouth of well; as Qal (which it really is, future (עתיד) in i, according to Barth^{ZMG 1888, 178}).

גַּל²

noun (masc.) ^{Genesis 31:48} heap, wave, billow (as rolled together, rolling, rolling up), also spring, Masoretic Text Song of Songs 4:12 compare 3 below—absolute גַּל Job 8:17 + 5 times (incl. הַגַּל Genesis 31:48 +); גָּ֑ל Genesis 31:46; הַגָּ֑ל Genesis 31:46; לַגָּ֑ל Isaiah 25:2; construct גַּל־ Joshua 7:26 + 2 times + Genesis 31:47, Genesis 31:48 q.see below; plural גַּלִּים II Kings 19:25 + 6 times; construct גַּלֵּי־ Isaiah 48:18; with suffix גַּלָּיו Psalms 89:10 + 6 times; גַּלֵּיהֶם Psalms 65:8 + 2 times;—

heap of stones,

ג׳ אבנים raised (הקים) over dead body Joshua 7:26; Joshua 8:29; compare II Samuel 18:17 (c. הִצִּיב).

גַּל alone Job 8:17 (roots wrapped about it).

heap or pile made (עשׂה) for use in ratifying compact of Jacob with Laban Genesis 31:46^(×2), Genesis 31:48, Genesis 31:51, Genesis 31:52^(×3) compare also גַּלְעֵד n.pr.

heap of ruins Isaiah 25:2; elsewhere plural Hosea 12:12 II Kings 19:25 = Isaiah 37:26 Job 15:28 Jeremiah 9:10; Jeremiah 51:37.

waves (rollers) poet., only plural, waves of sea Jeremiah 5:22; Jeremiah 31:35 Isaiah 51:15 Job 38:11 Psalms 65:8; Psalms 89:10; Psalms 107:25, Psalms 107:29; compare also in simile Ezekiel 26:3 Isaiah 48:18 (גַּלֵּי־הַיָּם); figuratively of chastisements from י׳ Psalms 42:8 (‖ מִשְׁבָּרִים) Jonah 2:3 (‖ the same); of army of Babylon’s conqueror Jeremiah 51:42, Jeremiah 51:55; compare Zechariah 10:11 (VB; but Bev^{JPh. xviii. 88} proposes גִּבְלִים compare Ezekiel 27:9).

spring, Song of Songs 4:12 גַּן נָעוּל אֲחוֹתִי כַּלָּ֑ה גַּל נָעוּל מַעְיָן חָתוּם a garden barred (is) my sister, bride, a spring barred, a fountain sealed; but גַּן for גַּל Septuagint Peshitta Vulgate.

גַּלִּים

n.pr.location (heaps);—place N. of Jerus. I Samuel 25:44; personified as בַּת־גִ׳ Isaiah 10:30.

גַּלְעֵד

n.pr.location (witness-pile) name of pile of stones erected by Jacob and his company (Kittel^{Gesch. 129}; by Laban Wellhausen Dillmann) Genesis 31:47, Genesis 31:48 (see גַּל 1 c) appar. intended to explain גִּלְעָד q.see; Dillmann conjunction also (as name of altar) Joshua 22:34 (compare Peshitta).

גֵּל

n.[m.] dung (ball of dung, Arabic جِلَّةٌ etc., dung of camels etc., compare Aramaic גַּלָּא; on form see Ewald's Hebrew Grammar § 255 b Olshausen's Hebrew Grammar § 150. 163)—with suffix גֶּלֲלוֹ Job 20:7, plural construct הָאָדָם (צֵאַת) גֶּלֲלֵי Ezekiel 4:12, Ezekiel 4:15;—human dung used as fuel Ezekiel 4:12, Ezekiel 4:15 הָאָדָם (צֵאַת) ג׳; perhaps also Job 20:7, but compare Dillmann, who thinks no ref. to fuel, & De who thinks of cattle-dung; (see on Arabic word Wetzstein in De).—See also ii. גָּלָל.

גֹּל

see גֻּלָּה.

גֻּלָּה²

noun (fem.) basin, bowl—ג׳ Zechariah 4:3 + v Zechariah 4:2 compare below; construct גֻּלַּת Ecclesiastes 12:6; plural absolute גֻּלֹּת Joshua 15:19^(×2) + 2 times; ־וֹת II Chronicles 4:12; construct גֻּלֹּת (־וֹת) I Kings 7:41 (הַגּ׳ Th, so ‖ II Chronicles 4:12 compare Be), v I Kings 7:41 + 3 times;—

basin (pool, well?) ג׳ מַיִם Joshua 15:19 = Judges 1:15; om. מ׳ Joshua 15:19^(×2) = Judges 1:15^(×2) (probably old n.pr.location, compare Dillmann).

bowl,

of lamp, that is oil-receptacle Zechariah 4:3, also v Zechariah 4:2, where Masoretic Text גֻּלָּהּ as if from [גֹּל]; read גֻּלָּה Brd Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 91. 1, R. 2.; (> Hitzig-St Böttcher's Hebrew Grammar § 734 b De on Psalms 27:5 Stade's Hebrew Grammar § 347 c, who think גֻּלָּהּ = גֻּלָּתָהּ);—so also Ecclesiastes 12:6 גֻּלַּת הַזָּהָב.

of bowl- or globe-shaped portion of capitals of the two pillars in temple I Kings 7:41^(×2), I Kings 7:42 = II Chronicles 4:12^(×2), II Chronicles 4:13.

גָּלָל

n.[m.] dung (Arabic جَلَّةٌ ), הַגּ׳ I Kings 14:10; גְּלָלִים Zephaniah 1:17.—See also [גֵּל].

גָּלָל²

n.pr.m. of two Levites;—

I Chronicles 9:15.

I Chronicles 9:16 Nehemiah 11:17.

גָּלִיל

adjective turning, folding (= revolving), plural גְּלִילִים of leaves of doors I Kings 6:34^(×2).

גָּלִיל²

noun (masc.) cylinder, rod, circuit, district;—

cylinder, rod, only plural construct גְּלִילֵי כֶסֶף Esther 1:6 of support of rich hangings (‖ עַמּוּדֵי שֵׁשׁ); & גְּלִילֵי זָהָב מְמֻלָּאִים בַּתַּרְשִׁישׁ Song of Songs 5:14, sim. of (?fingers of) hands: cylinders of gold set with topaz.

circuit, district, on northern border of Israel, in Naphtali as n.pr.location, population largely heathen (Mishnaic Hebrew the same Aramaic גְּלִילָא, ܓܠܻܝܠܴܐ )—גְּלִיל הַגּוֹיִם Isaiah 8:23; as n.pr.location Galilee always c. art. Joshua 20:7; Joshua 21:32 I Chronicles 6:61 all קֶדֶשׁ בַּגּ׳; אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ I Kings 9:11, so also Septuagint Joshua 12:23 (compare Dillmann) for גִּלְגַּל q.see—See also; גְּלִילָה Galilee, II Kings 15:29 (‖ אֶרֶץ נַפְתָּלִי) Ewald's Hebrew Grammar § 173 h n Stade's Hebrew Grammar § 308 a 2 Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 90 f.

גְּלִילָה

noun (fem.) circuit, boundary, territory —ג׳ Ezekiel 47:8; elsewhere plural construct גְּלִילוֹת Joshua 13:2; Joshua 22:10, Joshua 22:11 Joel 4:4;—belonging to a people כָּל־גְּלִילוֹת הַפְּלִשְׁתִּים Joshua 13:2 compare Joel 4:4 (כֹּל ג׳ פְּלָ֑שֶׁת); so ג׳ הַיַּרְדֵּן Joshua 22:10, Joshua 22:11 according to some, but see following; absolute Ezekiel 47:8 הַגּ׳ הַקַּדְמוֹנָה; as n.pr.location II Kings 15:29 Galilee, Septuagint Γαλιλαια (‖ כֹּל אֶרֶץ נַפְתָּלִי) compare ii. גָּלִיל.

גְּלִילוֹת

n.pr.location (strictly plural of foregoing; probably = circles of stones, Vulgate tumuli, compare Dillmann)

Joshua 18:17 (compare הַגִּלְגָּל Joshua 15:7), place on border between Benj. & Judah.

locality described as follows:

אֶל־ג׳ הַיַּרְדֵּן אֲשֶׁר בְּאֶרֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן Joshua 22:10 unto Geliloth (= the circles) of Jordan which is in the land of Canaan; (Septuagint Γαλγαλα, SeptuagintL Γαλιλωθ).

אֶל־מוּל אֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן אֶל־גְּלִילוֹת הַיַּרְדֵּן אֶל־עֵבֶר בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל v Joshua 22:11 in front of the land of Canaan, in Geliloth of Jordan, beyond the sons of Israel (Septuagint Γαλααδ, SeptuagintL om.) see Dillmann; yet compare Driver^{Intr. 106 n.} Others render ג׳ here circuit of Jordan = כִּכַּר הַיַּרְדֵּן; districts VB, compare גְּלִילָה.

גַּלְגַּל²

noun (masc.) ^{Ecclesiastes 12:6} wheel, whirl, whirlwind (on format. compare Barth^{NB 204})—absolute ג׳ Ezekiel 10:2 + 7 times; גַּלְגַּ֑ל Psalms 83:14; plural c. with suffix גַּלְגִּלָּיו Isaiah 5:28 Jeremiah 47:3;—

wheel,

of war-chariot Isaiah 5:28 Jeremiah 47:3, also coll. Ezekiel 23:24; Ezekiel 26:10; perhaps also in Ezekiel’s vision Ezekiel 10:2, Ezekiel 10:6, Ezekiel 10:13 (compare wheelwork) but compare below

for drawing water Ecclesiastes 12:6.

whirl (of dust or chaff) Psalms 83:14 Isaiah 17:13, sim. of foes put to flight by God.

perhaps whirling of wheels Ezekiel 10:2, Ezekiel 10:6, Ezekiel 10:13 Smend RV; compare above

whirlwind or wheel Psalms 77:19.

גִּלְגָּל

n.[m.] wheel (on format. compare Barth^{NB 204}) of cart, גִּלְגַּל עֶגְלָתוֹ Isaiah 28:28.

גִּלְגָּל²

n.pr.location ( = (sacred) circle of stones; compare Dillmann on Joshua 5:9, where word-play on roll away, off)—c.art.except Joshua 5:9; Joshua 12:23;—

place E. of Jericho, where Isr. lay encamped Joshua 4:19, Joshua 4:20; Joshua 5:9, Joshua 5:10; Joshua 9:6; Joshua 10:6, Joshua 10:7, Joshua 10:9, Joshua 10:15, Joshua 10:43; Joshua 14:6; compare Micah 6:5 & Judges 3:19 הַפְּסִילִים אֲשֶׁר אֶת־הַגּ׳;? mod. Tell Juljul Bd^{Pal 169}; perhaps also the place where sacrifices were offered I Samuel 10:8; I Samuel 11:14, I Samuel 11:15^(×2); I Samuel 13:4, I Samuel 13:7, I Samuel 13:8, I Samuel 13:12, I Samuel 13:15 (in v I Samuel 13:15 ins. also c. other words, Driver compare Wellhausen) I Samuel 15:12, I Samuel 15:21, I Samuel 15:33; place of illicit sacrifice Hosea 4:15; Hosea 9:15; Hosea 12:12 Amos 4:4; Amos 5:5^(×2), named also Judges 2:1 I Samuel 7:16 II Samuel 19:16, II Samuel 19:41;? = בֵּית הַגִּלְגָּל Nehemiah 12:29.

place on border between Judah & Benjamin Joshua 15:7 (= גְּלִילוֹת Joshua 18:17 compare Dillmann).

place in N. Isr., dwelling of prophets II Kings 2:1; II Kings 4:38, mod. Jiljilie S. from Nâbulus, SW. from Seilûn (Shiloh) compare Dillmann Ri^{HWB 518}.

place in N. Isr. near Mt. Gerizim and Mt. Ebal Deuteronomy 11:30, identif. with 3 by Ke Ri^{HWB 518} Schenkel^BL Siegfried-Stade; but compare Dillmann.

in phr. מֶלֶךְ גּוֹיִם לְגִלְגָּל Joshua 12:23, in list of Canaanitish kings; probably name of a (northern) district compare Dillmann (B βασιλέα Γεεὶ τῆς Γαλιλαίας—but SeptuagintL & Codd. Γοειμ τῆς Γελγελ); Dillmann comp. Isaiah 8:23.

גַּלְמוּד

adjective hard, barren (Mishnaic Hebrew the same lonely NHWB; Arabic جَلْمَدٌ rock, جَلْمَدَةٌ stony (of land); Aramaic גַּלְמוּדָה compare Barth^{NB 208})—ג׳ Job 3:7 + 2 times Jb; f. גַּלְמוּדָה Isaiah 49:21;—hard, barren, unproductive, mostly figuratively: Job 15:34 of company of wicked men, where probably a noun see De Dillmann; Job 30:3 through want and famine (they are) stiff (lifeless; RV gaunt); of exiled Zion as bereaved and barren woman Isaiah 49:21; so of night of Job’s birth Job 3:7.

גַּלְעֵד²

see sub II. גלל.

גִּלְעָד

n.pr.location of mountain-range or hill-country, land & city, E. of Jordan (compare Arabic جَلْعَدٌ durus, fortis Freytag, so Gesenius' Thesaurus; Hitzig^{Gesch. Isr. 26} comp. same √ used of camel (جَلْعَادٌ camelus robustus ac firmus, compare Hom^{NS 144}), whence camel hump, orig. name of mt)—ג׳ Genesis 37:25 + 79 times (mostly as n.pr.m. and in combin. with other n.pr.location compare below); הַגּ׳ Genesis 31:21 + 50 times (so usually as name of mt. and land); גִּלְעָ֫דָה Numbers 32:39 I Chronicles 27:21; הִגְּלְעָ֫דָה II Samuel 24:6;—Gilead, used of territory between the Arnon and the Jabboḳ, mod. Belḳa; also of that between the Jabboḳ and the Jarmuk, mod. Jebel Ajlûn; also of the entire E.-Jordan land occupied by Israel, including both the parts just named (compare Dillmann Genesis 31:54 Stu Judges 10:4; Bd^{Pal. 178}; also L. Oliphant^{Land of Gilead, 1880});—

territory S. of Jabboḳ,

אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ Numbers 32:29, אֶרֶץ ג׳ vNumbers 32:1, both connected with Reuben and Gad; so חֲצִי הַר הַגּ׳ Deuteronomy 3:12; אֶרֶץ ג׳ also I Chronicles 5:9 (of Reuben); I Kings 4:19 (of Sihon and Og); compare אֶרֶץ גַּד וְג׳ I Samuel 13:7; further,

הַגּ׳ alone, Judges 10:17 (or possibly here name of city?), Judges 11:29 (probably); also I Chronicles 5:10 (of Reuben) v I Chronicles 5:16 (of Gad); compare חֲצִי הַגּ׳ וְעַד יַבֹּק Joshua 12:2 (of Sihon), so v Joshua 12:5 (both D);

similarly ג׳ alone (without art.) in poet. Psalms 60:9 (‖ Manasseh) = Psalms 108:9; but also in prose in phrases שָׂרֵי ג׳ Judges 10:18, ישְׁבֵי ג׳ v Judges 10:18 Judges 11:8, זִקְנֵי ג׳ Judges 11:5, Judges 11:7, Judges 11:8, Judges 11:9, Judges 11:10, Judges 11:11, אַנְשֵׁי ג׳ Judges 12:4^(×2), Judges 12:5; compare also

עָרֵי הַגּ׳ Numbers 32:26 (JE; of Reuben and Gad); so of Jephthah’s burial-place Judges 12:7; even כָּל־עָרֵי הַגּ׳ Joshua 13:25 (P; of Gad); besides these, of particular cities, especially רָאמֹת בַּגּ׳ Deuteronomy 4:43 (of Gad); compare רָאמוֹת בַּגּ׳ Joshua 20:8, I Chronicles 6:65 (of Gad), and רָמֹת בַּגּ׳ Joshua 21:38; usually רָמֹת ג׳ I Kings 4:13; I Kings 22:3, I Kings 22:4, I Kings 22:6, I Kings 22:12, I Kings 22:15, I Kings 22:20, I Kings 22:29 = II Chronicles 18:2, II Chronicles 18:3, II Chronicles 18:5, II Chronicles 18:11, II Chronicles 18:14, II Chronicles 18:19, II Chronicles 18:28; II Kings 8:28; II Kings 9:1, II Kings 9:4, II Kings 9:14 II Chronicles 22:5; also מִצְפֵּה ג׳ Judges 11:29^(×2); further יַעְזֵיר ג׳ I Chronicles 26:31.

Northern Gilead,

אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ Joshua 17:5, Joshua 17:6 (JE; of Manasseh) compare Judges 10:4 I Chronicles 2:22 (both of Jair); הַר הַגּ׳ Genesis 31:21, Genesis 31:23, Genesis 31:25; probably also הַר ג׳ (no art.) Song of Songs 4:1 (compare Song of Songs 6:5 below).

הַגּ׳ alone Numbers 32:40 (JE; of Machir) Joshua 17:1 (JE; the same) compare Joshua 13:11 Deuteronomy 2:36 I Kings 4:13 (of Jair); Deuteronomy 3:15, Deuteronomy 3:16 (boundary of Reuben and Gad); probably also Song of Songs 6:5 (compare Song of Songs 4:1 above); compare יֶתֶר הַגּ׳ Deuteronomy 3:13; & חֲצִי הַגּ׳ Joshua 13:31 (P; of Machir); הַגִּלְעָ֫דָה II Samuel 24:6 (probably); compare also

ג׳ (no art.) probably Jeremiah 8:22; Jeremiah 46:11 (in both ref. to צֳרִי balm, probably from the wooded Northern Gilead); similarly Jeremiah 22:6; and גִּלְעָ֫דָה I Chronicles 27:21, also Numbers 32:39 (JE; of Machir).

in combination יָבֵשׁ ג׳ (city) Judges 21:8, Judges 21:9, Judges 21:10, Judges 21:12, Judges 21:14 I Samuel 11:1, I Samuel 11:9 (‖ יָבֵשׁ alone) I Samuel 31:11 (‖ the same) = I Chronicles 10:11 II Samuel 2:4, II Samuel 2:5; II Samuel 21:12; perhaps also (מִ)תִּשְׁבֵּה ג׳ I Kings 17:1 (emend., after Septuagint, Ewald Th al. see VB);—compare further sub 6. n.pr.m. below—Judges 7:3 וְיִצְפֹּר מֵהַר הַגּ׳ and let him depart from Mt. Gilead, appar. belongs here, but מֵהַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ is read by Cler Hitzig Gratz Ke Be; against this compare Stu Budde^{Robertson Smith 112}.

more generally, of all Gilead,

אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ Joshua 22:9, Joshua 22:13, Joshua 22:15, Joshua 22:32 (P; of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh; opposite land of Canaan); compare II Samuel 17:26; so כָּל־אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ II Kings 10:33.

אֶרֶץ ג׳ (no art.) Zechariah 10:10; compare הַר אֶפְרַיִם וְג׳ Jeremiah 50:19 (‖ Carmel and Bashan); ג׳ alone, also Genesis 37:25; likewise Micah 7:14 (‖ Carmel & Bashan, reference to fertility).

הַגּ׳ alone, of Isr. territ. in generally E. of Jordan, Judges 10:8; compare II Samuel 2:9 II Kings 10:33 (of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh); כָּל־הַגּ׳ Deuteronomy 3:10; אֶת־כָּל־הָאָרֶץ אֶת־הַגּ׳ Deuteronomy 34:1; הַגּ׳ also in general sense Ezekiel 47:18 II Kings 15:29(?) Obadiah 1:19.

ג׳, name of a city Hosea 6:8 (& Judges 10:17? compare 1 and above);—on the ruined cities Jilʿâd, Jilʿaud on the Jebel Jilʿâd, N. of Es-Salṭ, and S. of Jabboḳ see Dillmann Genesis 31:54 & reff.

אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ of Israelites living E. of Jordan (as a whole) Judges 20:1; הַגּ׳ of people of Gilead Amos 1:3, Amos 1:13; so ג׳ Judges 5:17 (= גַּד), Judges 12:4, Judges 12:5 (‖ אַנְשֵׁי ג׳ v Judges 12:4^(×2), Judges 12:5) Hosea 12:12. Cf. also גִּלְעָדִי below

treated as n.pr.m.

ג׳, son of Machir & grandson of Manasseh Numbers 26:29^(×2), Numbers 26:30; Numbers 27:1; Numbers 36:1 Joshua 17:3 (all P) I Chronicles 2:21, I Chronicles 2:23; I Chronicles 7:14, I Chronicles 7:17; once הַגּ׳ Joshua 17:1 compare Dillmann;—ref. in all these to Northern Gilead.

father of Jephthah Judges 11:1, Judges 11:2;—ref. to Gad (compare above especially sub 5).

I Chronicles 5:14 (a Gadite).

גַּם

see sub גמם.

גֹּ֫מֶא

noun (masc.) ^{Job 8:11} rush, reed, papyrus (compare Löw ^{p. 55}) (Mishnaic Hebrew גּוֹמֶא, Ethiopic ጎሜዕ loan-word, according to Dillmann;—name from swallowing, sucking up, water? so Gesenius' Thesaurus, compare Cheyne Isaiah 18:2 al.; = Copt. gome, see Dillmann Exodus 2:3 whence others der. as loan-word)—גֹּ֫מֶא Exodus 2:3 + 3 times;—rush, paper-reed, (Egyptian) Job 8:11 (‖ אָחוּ; coll. Isaiah 35:7 (‖ קָנֶה); as material, תֵּבַת ג׳ Exodus 2:3 chest of paper-reed; כְּלֵי־ג׳ Isaiah 18:2 vessels of paper-reed.

גֹּ֫מֶד

noun (masc.) shortcubit (from elbow to knuckles of clenched (contracted) hand; Aq on Ezekiel 27:11, Ra al.; Gk. πυγμή; Mishnaic Hebrew גּוֹמֶד cubit; so Aramaic גַּרְמִידָא ChWB ^{1. 155}, ܓܰܪܡܺܝܕܳܐ (lexx.))—Judges 3:16 of Ehud’s sword ג׳ אָרְכָּהּ (v GFM).

גִּמְזוֹ

n.pr.location (compare Syriac ܓܽܘܡܺܝܙ (Lexx.) sycamore; Arabic جُمَّيزٌ is loan-wd. Frä¹⁴⁰; compare Assyrian n.pr.location Gamuzanu Pinches^{Hbr July, 1886, 222}), city of Judah toward Philistines II Chronicles 28:18; mod. Jimzu, E. from Lydda Rob^{BR ii. 249} Bd^{Pal 21}.

גָּמַל

verb

deal fully or adequately with, deal out to.

wean.

ripen (Assyrian gamâlu, deal with, benefit, for example VR II Chronicles 35:19; Mishnaic Hebrew גָּמַל, Aramaic גְּמַל; see Palmyrene n.pr. אגמלא Vog.^{Noldeke. 124,} Nab.n.pr.f. גמלת Vog.^{Nab. sub Noldeke. 7}; perhaps orig. complete, accomplish, cogn. גמר;—Arabic جَمَلَ is collect, جَمُلَ / جَمِلَ be beautiful, goodly)—

past (עבר) Psalms 13:6 +; future (עתיד) יִגְמֹל Numbers 17:23 +; imperative (ציווי) גְּמֹל Psalms 119:17; infinitive (מקור) גָּמְלֵךְ, גָּמְלָהּ I Samuel 1:23; participle (בינוני) גֹּמֵל Proverbs 11:17 +; passive גָּמוּל Isaiah 11:8; גָּמֻל Psalms 131:2^(×2);—

deal out to, do to, c. 2 direct object גְּמָלַתְהוּ טוֹב וְלֹא רָע she doeth him good and not evil Proverbs 31:12; כִּי אַתָּה גְּמַלְתַּנִי הַטּוֹבָה וַאֲנִי גְּמַלְתִּיךָ הָֽרָעָה for thou hast done unto me the good but I have done unto thee the evil I Samuel 24:18; do evil (ה)רע unto Genesis 50:15, Genesis 50:17 Proverbs 3:30; c. לְ person Isaiah 3:9; do good unto, 2 direct object Isaiah 63:7^(×2); compare also גֹּמֵל נַפְשׁוֹ אִישׁ חֶסֶד Proverbs 11:17.

with עַל person deal bountifully with Psalms 13:6; Psalms 116:7; Psalms 119:17; Psalms 142:8; with a direct object person reward II Samuel 22:21 (= Psalms 18:21), perhaps also לָמָּה יִגְמְלֵנִי הַגְּמוּלָה הַזֹּאת why should he reward me with this reward? II Samuel 19:37.

recompense, repay, requite, in a bad sense, with 2 direct object Psalms 7:5; with לְ person Deuteronomy 32:6 Psalms 137:8; with עַל person II Chronicles 20:11 Psalms 103:10 Joel 4:4.

wean a child (complete his nursing) I Samuel 1:23^(×2), I Samuel 1:24 I Kings 11:20 Hosea 1:8; גָּמוּל weaned child Psalms 131:2^(×2) Isaiah 11:8; גְּמוּלֵי מֵחָלָב weaned from milk Isaiah 28:9.

trans. ripen, bear ripe (almonds) Numbers 17:23; intrans. become ripe (grapes) Isaiah 18:5.

future (עתיד) יִגָּמֵל I Samuel 1:22; וַיִּגָּמַ֑ל Genesis 21:8; infinitive (מקור) הִגָּמֵל Genesis 21:8;—be weaned.

גְּמוּל

noun (masc.) dealing, recompence, benefit—ג׳ Psalms 94:2 + 11 times; with suffix גְּמֻלְךָ Obadiah 1:15, etc.; plural with suffix גְּמוּלָיו Psalms 103:2;—

גְּמוּל יָדַיִם dealing of the hands Judges 9:16 Proverbs 12:14 (יָשׁוּב לְ) Isaiah 3:11 (יֵעָשֶׂה לְ).

dealing, hence (from context) equivalent of dealing, recompence: c. suff. Obadiah 1:15 גמלך ישׁוב בראשׁך, Joel 4:4, Joel 4:7 (הֵשִׁיב), so with הֵשִׁיב לְ Psalms 28:4; שִׁלֵּם לְ Psalms 137:8 Proverbs 19:17; absolutely שִׁלֵּם (הֵשִׁיב) גְּמוּל לְ Isaiah 59:18^(×2); Isaiah 66:6 Jeremiah 51:6 Lamentations 3:64; עַל Joel 4:4 Psalms 94:2; Isaiah 35:4 ג׳ אלהים the recompence of God.

benefit: אַל תשׁכחי כל גמוליו Psalms 103:2; כגמול עליו according to the benefit (done) unto him II Chronicles 32:25

גַּמְלִיאֵל

n.pr.m. (reward of God) a prince of Manasseh Numbers 1:10; Numbers 2:20; Numbers 7:54, Numbers 7:59; Numbers 10:23, compare Mishn. גמליאל, Palmyrene Vog.^{Noldeke. 124}, Septuagint Γαμαλιήλ Acts 5:34.

גָּמָל

noun (masc.) Genesis 24:10 + 9 times, f. & m. Genesis 32:16 (compare below), camel (Mishnaic Hebrew the same Arabic جَمَلٌ (جَمْلٌ), Ethiopic ገመል Assyrian gammalu COT^Gloss Aramaic גַּמְלָא, ܓܰܡܠܴܐ; Palmyrene Tariff plural גמלין Reckendorf^{ZMG 1888, 401}; √גמל but meaning of √ doubtful; Bo^{Hieroz i. 73} der. from גמל requite, so Lagarde^{BN 20, 49} (camel as μνησίκακος); see also conject. in Muhlau-Volck, Delitzsch in Haupt^{F 70} Haupt^{BAS i 171}; A. see Kremer^{Semit. Culturentlehn., 2} Hom^{NS 144 ff.})—absolute גָּמָל Genesis 24:64 + 7 times; plural גְּמַלְּים Genesis 12:16 + 30 times; construct גְּמַלֵּי Genesis 24:10; with suffix גְּמַלֶּיךָ Genesis 24:14 + 3 times; גְּמַלָּיו Genesis 24:20; גְּמַלֵּיהֶם Genesis 37:25 + 6 times;—camel,

as property (in Hex only J) Genesis 12:16 (‖ אתנות) Genesis 24:10, Genesis 24:35 (‖ חמורים etc.) Genesis 30:43 (‖ the same) Genesis 32:8 (‖ צאן, בקר) Exodus 9:3 (Egyptian ‖ סוסים, חמורים, בקר, צאן, etc.) Judges 6:5; Judges 7:12 I Samuel 15:3 (‖ חמור etc.) I Samuel 27:9 I Chronicles 5:21; I Chronicles 27:30 (all ‖ the same) II Chronicles 14:14 (‖ צאן) Ezra 2:67 (‖ סוסים, פרדים, חמורים) = Nehemiah 7:67 Job 1:3 (‖ צאן, בקר, אתנות) compare v Job 1:17 Job 42:12 (‖ the same) Jeremiah 49:29 (‖ צאן) v Jeremiah 49:32 Zechariah 14:15 (‖ סוס, חמור, פרד) [4 times ‖ סוס and other words, Exodus 9:3 (Egyptians), Zechariah 14:15 (enemies of Israel), Ezra 2:67 = Nehemiah 7:67 (returned exiles)].

as beasts of burden Genesis 24:10 compare v Genesis 24:11, Genesis 24:14, Genesis 24:19, Genesis 24:20, Genesis 24:22, Genesis 24:30, Genesis 24:31, Genesis 24:32^(×2), Genesis 24:44, Genesis 24:46^(×2) Genesis 37:25 (all J), I Kings 10:2 II Kings 8:9 I Chronicles 12:41 II Chronicles 9:1 Isaiah 30:6 (עַל־דַּבֶּשֶׁת ג׳), Isaiah 60:6 (‖ בִּכְרֵי מִדְיָן).

for riding Genesis 24:61, Genesis 24:63, Genesis 24:64 (all J), Genesis 31:17, Genesis 31:34 (both E) I Samuel 30:17, compare also Judges 8:21, Judges 8:26, and particularly Isaiah 21:7 רֶכֶב גמל; a riding-company of camels that is a troop of camels with riders; נְוֵה גמלים an abode for camels, in prediction against Ammon Ezekiel 25:5, (‖ מִרְבַּץ צאן).

forbidden as food Leviticus 11:4 Deuteronomy 14:7.

גְּמַלִּי

n.pr.m. a Danite Numbers 13:12.

גַּם²

adverb denoting addition, also, moreover, yea (Moab. the same: also Zinj. (Lidzbarski²⁵⁰ Cooke¹⁶⁶) probably akin to √ جَمَّ; compare جَمًّا (accus.) in a mass, altogether)—

also, moreover, emphasizing sometimes the thought of an entire sentence, but more usually the word immediately following, as Genesis 3:6 וַתִּתֵּן גַּם לְאִישָׁהּ and gave also to her husband, v Genesis 31:27 and take also of the tree of life, Genesis 7:3; Genesis 19:21; Genesis 24:19; Genesis 26:21; Genesis 29:27; Genesis 30:15; Genesis 32:21 (גַּם הִגֵּה …: so Esther 7:9) Genesis 48:11 Exodus 8:28; Exodus 12:32 b Deuteronomy 1:37 I Samuel 28:20 II Samuel 11:12 II Kings 9:27 Isaiah 7:13 +. Often before pronouns, Genesis 4:4 וְהֶבֶל הֵבִיא גַם הוּא and Abel, he also brought, Genesis 20:5 וְהִיא־גַס־הִוא (so only here) and she herself also, v Genesis 20:6 Genesis 27:31 וַיַּעַשׂ גַּם הוּא, Genesis 30:3 Deuteronomy 3:20 Judges 3:31; Judges 6:35; Judges 9:19 I Samuel 19:20-24 Jeremiah 12:6; Jeremiah 48:26 etc. (compare MI ⁶ ויאמר גם הא): especially in genealogies of J (Budde^{Urg. 220}) Genesis 4:22, Genesis 4:26; Genesis 10:21; Genesis 19:38; Genesis 22:20, Genesis 22:24 compare Judges 8:31. גַּם followed by pron. also begins a sentence with emph. in an elevated style, thou (they) also, Isaiah 14:10 Jeremiah 12:6^(×2); Jeremiah 48:7 Ezekiel 16:52 Nahum 3:11^(×2). After a pron. in an oblique case (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 135, 2) Genesis 27:34 I Samuel 19:23 II Samuel 17:5 Jeremiah 25:14; Jeremiah 27:7 +. וְגַם and also (more often than גַּם alone attaching a sentence) Genesis 6:4; Genesis 14:16; Genesis 15:14; Genesis 17:16; Genesis 20:12; Genesis 24:14, Genesis 24:46; Genesis 30:6; Genesis 37:7; Genesis 38:24; Genesis 42:28 Exodus 2:19; Exodus 3:9; Exodus 4:14 Joshua 7:11 (5 times) I Samuel 4:17 I Kings 21:19 + often; with a negative = neither Exodus 5:2; Exodus 34:3 al.—גַּם … גַּם (like et … et) both … and Genesis 44:16; Genesis 47:3, Genesis 47:19 Numbers 18:3 Jeremiah 51:12 Psalms 49:3 +: גַּם … גַּם … גַּם Genesis 24:25 Judges 8:22 Ecclesiastes 9:6: with a negative neither … nor Numbers 23:25 I Samuel 20:27 I Kings 3:26, and (3 times) Genesis 43:8 Exodus 4:10 I Samuel 28:6. So (but seldom) גַּם … וְגַם Genesis 24:44 Exodus 10:25 I Samuel 2:26; I Samuel 12:14; I Samuel 26:25: with neg. I Samuel 21:9.—N.B. In poetry independence and emphasis is sometimes given by גַּם to a new idea, where in English we should be satisfied with and: Psalms 107:5; Psalms 137:1 Job 24:19 Song of Songs 7:14 Lamentations 4:15.

with stress on a particular word, even, Exodus 4:9 Numbers 22:33 גַּם אוֹתְךָ even thee I had slain, and kept her alive, II Samuel 17:10 Jeremiah 2:33 Psalms 132:12 Proverbs 14:13 even in laughter the heart is sorrowful, v Proverbs 14:20 Proverbs 17:28; Proverbs 20:11 Ruth 2:15 Nehemiah 3:35; and so often after כִּי, Deuteronomy 12:31 for even their sons they burn in the fire to their gods, I Samuel 22:17 Isaiah 26:12 Jeremiah 6:11; Jeremiah 12:6; Jeremiah 14:5 Hosea 9:12 כִּי־גַם־אוֹי לָהֶם for even woe is it to them when I depart from them; הֲגַם †Genesis 16:13 I Samuel 10:11, I Samuel 10:12 = I Samuel 19:24 I Kings 17:20 Psalms 78:20 Job 41:1 Esther 7:8. Other cases:—I Samuel 24:12 רְאֵה גַּם רְאֵה see yea see! (but Hup^{Qu. Job vi.} גַּם רָאֹה: compare below) Psalms 118:11; Job 2:10 גַּם אֶת־הַטּוֹב נְקַבֵּל shall we receive good (emph.) from God and not evil? Job 21:7; interposed once between a noun and adjective Genesis 20:4 gentemne etiam justam interficies? emphasizing כֹּל, Deuteronomy 28:61 Judges 9:49 b I Samuel 22:7 גַּם־לְכֻלְּכֶם to all (emph.) of you will he give …? II Samuel 19:31 גַּם אֶת־הַכֹּל יִקָּ֑ח yea, the whole let him take! Isaiah 26:12; אֶחָד II Samuel 17:12 b and we will not leave … גַּם אֶחָד even one (similarly v II Samuel 17:13 b), Psalms 14:3 (= Psalms 53:4) אֵין גַּם אֶחָד; an inf. or cogn. accus. attached to a verb, †Genesis 31:15; Genesis 46:4 Numbers 11:15; Numbers 16:13 I Samuel 1:6. גַּם שְׁנֵיהֶם literally even both that is the one as well as the other (Germ. alle beide) is said idiomatically, †Genesis 27:45 (שְׁנֵיכֶם), Deuteronomy 22:22; Deuteronomy 23:19 I Samuel 25:43 (שְׁתֵּיהֶן), Proverbs 17:15; Proverbs 20:10, Proverbs 20:12 Ruth 1:5.

introducing a climax, yea, especially in a rhetorical style, Genesis 27:33 Deuteronomy 23:3, Deuteronomy 23:4 Judges 5:4^(×2) Isaiah 13:3; Isaiah 14:8; Isaiah 43:13 yea, from to-day I am the same, Isaiah 44:12 גַּם רָעֵב yea, he is hungry, and has no strength, Isaiah 47:3; Isaiah 48:8^(×3); Isaiah 57:7 Jeremiah 46:16; Jeremiah 48:2; Jeremiah 51:44 Hosea 7:9 Psalms 41:10; Psalms 84:7; Psalms 139:12; Isaiah 66:8 כִּי־חָ֫לָה גַּם־יָֽלְדָה, צִיּוֹן אֶת־בָּנֶיהָ, Jeremiah 5:28; Jeremiah 12:2 Ezekiel 24:5 Job 21:7 Song of Songs 8:1: emphasizing an extreme, or aggravated, case, yea, even, Isaiah 49:15 yea, these may forget, Jeremiah 8:17 yea, the stork knoweth, etc., Isaiah 23:12 גַּם שָׁם even there no rest shall be for thee (so Psalms 139:10), Isaiah 49:25; Isaiah 57:6 Jeremiah 23:11 b Malachi 3:15 Psalms 84:4.

expressing correspondence, especially in the matter of retribution (the גַּם correlativum), so frequently גַּם אֲנִי, גַּם אָנֹכִי I also (on my part):—Genesis 20:6 I also [as well as thyself] know that thou hast done this innocently, Joshua 24:18 Judges 2:21 I Samuel 1:28 (compare Driver) I Samuel 28:22 גַּם אַתָּה thou also (as I have done v I Samuel 28:21), II Samuel 12:13 י׳ also [responding to thy confession] hath removed thy sin, II Kings 2:3, II Kings 2:5 Isaiah 31:2; Isaiah 66:3-4 (גם … גם, emphasizing the action of both parties), Jeremiah 2:36; Jeremiah 4:12 now will I also [in correspondence with their deeds] speak judgments with them, Jeremiah 7:11; Jeremiah 51:49 (גם … גם), Ezekiel 5:8, Ezekiel 5:11; Ezekiel 16:43 (וְגַם = therefore also), Ezekiel 23:35 Hosea 4:6 because thou hast forgotten the direction of thy God, I also (on my part) will forget thy children, Psalms 52:7 (thou lovest evil, etc.) גַּם אֵל יִתָּצְךָ God also (on his part) will pluck thee up, Psalms 71:22; Psalms 133:1 Proverbs 1:26 Job 7:11; Job 12:3; Job 16:4; so וְגַם Judges 2:3 Amos 4:6, Amos 4:7 Micah 6:13 Malachi 2:9. In the apodosis (uncommon): Genesis 13:16 if a man could number the dust of the earth, גַּם זַרְעֲךָ יִמָּנֶה thy seed also should be numbered, Jeremiah 31:36, Jeremiah 31:37; Jeremiah 33:21, Jeremiah 33:26 Zechariah 8:6. The correspondence is sometimes of the nature of a climax: Genesis 27:33; Genesis 30:8 I have wrestled, גַּם יָכֹלְתִּי (compare I Kings 22:22 וְגַם תּוּכָ֔ל, Jeremiah 50:24), Isaiah 66:8.

connecting two ideas which express (or imply) a contradiction, גַּם acquires sometimes an adversative force (compare אַף 1 end), yet, but, though: Psalms 95:9 they tried me, but also (Cheyne) saw my work (viz. of judgment), Psalms 129:2 Jeremiah 6:15 = Jeremiah 8:12 Ezekiel 20:23 Ecclesiastes 4:8, Ecclesiastes 4:16; Ecclesiastes 5:18 Nehemiah 6:1. So וְגַם Ezekiel 16:28; Ezekiel 20:15 Ecclesiastes 3:13; Ecclesiastes 6:7 Nehemiah 5:8.

גַּם כִּי (with impf.) yea, when Lamentations 3:8, even when Proverbs 22:6; yea though (stating an imagined case) Isaiah 1:15 Hosea 8:10; Hosea 9:16 Psalms 23:4 (so גַּם אִם Ecclesiastes 8:17); also (is it) that Ruth 2:21 (v כִּי 1 d). כִּי גַם = for even (see above 2); = though even, although (conceding a fact) Ecclesiastes 4:14 (v De) Ecclesiastes 8:12.

גּוּמָּץ

noun (masc.) pit (Aramaic loan-wd., compare גּוּמְצָא, ܓܽܘܡܳܨܳܐ; Mishnaic Hebrew גּוּמָּצָא compare Barth^{NB 66, Anm. 1}), Ecclesiastes 10:8 חֹפֵר ג׳ בּוֹ יִפּ֑וֹל he that diggeth a pit shall fall into it; so also Proverbs 26:27 Targum Peshitta where ℌ כֹּרֶה שַׁחַת.

גָּמַר

verb end, come to an end, complete (only ψ) (Mishnaic Hebrew the same complete; As gamâru Lotz^{TP. Register} & deriv. COT^Gloss al.; Aramaic גְּמַר, ܓܡܰܪ; Ethiopic አግመረ (II); compare also Arabic جَمَّرَ collect, assemble)—

past (עבר) גּ׳ Psalms 12:2; Psalms 77:9; future (עתיד) יִגְמֹר Psalms 138:8; יִגְמָר־ Psalms 7:10; participle (בינוני) גֹּמֵר Psalms 57:3;—

come to an end, be no more Psalms 7:10; Psalms 12:2 (‖ [פָּסַס]); Psalms 77:9 (‖ אָפֵס).

trans. bring to an end, complete, אֵל גֹּמֵר עָלָ֑י Psalms 57:3 God that completeth, accomplisheth, for me (Septuagint Gratz Bi גמל, & so Cheyne doubtfully), י׳ יִגְמֹר בַּעֲדִי Psalms 138:8.

גֹּ֫מֶר

n.pr.

m. and son of Japhet Genesis 10:2, Genesis 10:3 = I Chronicles 1:5, I Chronicles 1:6; Ezekiel 38:6; Lagarde^{Onom. Sacr. 2, 95, 2nd ed. 367, see BN 77} proposes גמרים for גמדים Ezekiel 27:11 q.see; he identif. גֹּמֵר with Cappadocia (compare Targum Ezekiel 27:11, Kiep^{Lb. d. alt. Geogr. 91}) = Armen. Gamiṛ —χ (with plural ending) see also Lagarde^{Arm. Stud. 32 § 448}; compare further Assyrian Gimirrai, Schr^{KG 157 ff.} Delitzsch^{Pa 245 f.} also Len^{Or. ii. 1, 332 ff.}

f. wife of Hosea, Hosea 1:3.

גְּמַרְיָ֫הוּ

n.pr.m. (י׳ hath accomplished)—

גמריהו son of Shaphan Jeremiah 36:10, Jeremiah 36:11, Jeremiah 36:12, Jeremiah 36:25.

גמריה son of Hilkiah Jeremiah 29:3.

גַּן

see sub גנן.

גָּנַב

verb steal (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Aramaic גְּנַב, ܓܢܰܒ; Arabic جَنَب is hurt the side, or put aside, den. from جَنْبٌ side)—

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular with suffix גְּנָבַתּוּ Job 21:18; Job 27:20, גְּנָבָ֫תַם Genesis 31:32; 2nd masculine singular גָּנַבְתָּ Genesis 31:30; 1st singular וְגָנַ֑בְתִּי consec. Proverbs 30:9; גָּֽנְבוּ Joshua 7:11 II Samuel 21:12; with suffix גְּנַבוּךָ II Samuel 19:42; future (עתיד) יִגְּנֹֽב־ Exodus 21:37, יִגְנוֹב Proverbs 6:30, וַיִּגְנֹב Genesis 31:20; 3rd feminine singular וַתִּגְנֹב Genesis 31:19 + 2 times; 2nd masculine singular תִּגְנֹב Exodus 20:13; Deuteronomy 5:17, וַתִּגְנֹב Genesis 31:26, Genesis 31:27; יִגְנְבוּ Obadiah 1:5, תִּגְנֹ֑בוּ Leviticus 19:11, נִגְנֹב Genesis 44:8; infinitive (מקור) absolute גָּנֹב Exodus 22:11 + 2 times; participle (בינוני) גֹּנֵב Exodus 21:16 + 2 times, גָּנוּב Genesis 30:33; f. construct גְּנֻֽבְתִי Genesis 31:39^(×2); plural גְּנוּבִים Proverbs 9:17; in Hexateuch always JED, except Leviticus 19:11;—steal with a direct object rei Genesis 31:19, Genesis 31:30, Genesis 31:32; Genesis 44:8 Exodus 21:37 II Samuel 21:12 compare passive Genesis 30:33; Genesis 31:39 Proverbs 9:17; c. obj. person Exodus 21:16 Deuteronomy 24:7 II Samuel 19:42; = take by stealth (for good purpose) II Kings 11:2 = II Chronicles 22:11; absolute Exodus 20:13 = Deuteronomy 5:17, Leviticus 19:11; Joshua 7:11; Proverbs 6:30; Proverbs 30:9; Obadiah 1:5; Zechariah 5:3, compare inf. absolute Hosea 4:2 Jeremiah 7:9 & (c. Niph.) Exodus 22:11; גנב לֵב = deceive Genesis 31:20, Genesis 31:26 compare Dillmann; ג׳ אֹתִי Genesis 31:27 the same; of sudden sweeping off by storm, in simile Job 21:18; figuratively of destruction of wicked Job 27:20.

be stolen, subj. rei גָּנֹב יִגָּנֵב Exodus 22:11.

steal away (trans.) וַיְגַנֵּב אבשׁלום את־לֵב II Samuel 15:6; מְגַנְּבֵי דְּבָרַי Jeremiah 23:30.

be stolen away subj. person גֻּנֹּב גֻּנַּבְתִּי Genesis 40:15; subj. rei וְגֻנַּב consec. Exodus 22:6; be brought by stealth Job 4:12 יְגֻנָּ֑ב.

go by stealth, steal away יִתְגַּנֵּב II Samuel 19:4, וַיִּתְגַּנֵּב II Samuel 19:4. (Syriac ܓܢܰܒ ܢܰܦܫܶܗ steal oneself away; so ܐܬܓܢܒ Genesis 31:27.)

גַּנָּב

noun (masc.) Exodus 22:1 thief—גַּנָּב Exodus 22:1 + 12 times; גַּנָּבִים Isaiah 1:23 + 3 times—thief that breaks in Exodus 22:1, Exodus 22:6, Exodus 22:7; by window Joel 2:9 (in simile); thief as one who steals Isaiah 1:23 Psalms 50:18 Proverbs 6:30; Proverbs 29:24 Jeremiah 2:26; Jeremiah 48:27 Hosea 7:1 (‖ גְּדוּד) Zechariah 5:4; coming by night Jeremiah 49:9 compare Job 24:14 (in simile), Obadiah 1:5 (‖ שׁוֹדֲדֵי לַיְלָה); Job 30:5; stealer of men (slave-dealer) Deuteronomy 24:7.

גְּנֻבַת

n.pr.m. (compare Palmyrene גנבא Vog^{Noldeke. 137}) son of Hadad the Edomite I Kings 11:20^(×2) (on the ת, compare Driver^{§ 181 N}).

גָּנַן

verb cover, surround, defend (Arabic جَنَّ, Aramaic אַגֵּן (Aph.), Palmyrene אגן Vog^{Palmyrene 132 ff.})—

past (עבר) וְגַנּוֹתִי Isaiah 37:35 + 3 times; infinitive (מקור) absolute גָּנוֹן Isaiah 31:5 (c. Hiph. q.see)—defend, subj. always י׳; obj. the city Jerusalem c. על Isaiah 37:35; Isaiah 38:6 = II Kings 20:6; II Kings 19:34 c. אֶל־ (‖ הוֹשִׁיעַ).

future (עתיד)—or Qal according to Barth^{ZMG 1889, 178}, who comp. Arabic يَجِنُّ —יָגֵן Isaiah 31:5 + 2 times—defend (= Qal), Jerusalem Isaiah 31:5 יגן … גָּנוֹן c. על (‖ הִצִּיל); obj. Yahweh’s people Zechariah 9:15 c. על, Zechariah 12:8 c. בְּעַד.

גַּן²

noun (masc.) ^{Song of Songs 4:12} & (Genesis 2:15) f. enclosure, garden (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, גַּנָּה, Arabic جَنَّةٌ, Ethiopic ገnነት Assyrian gannu or gannatu word of unc. meaning; Aramaic גִּנָּא, גִּנְתָּא, ܓܰܢܬܳܐ; Phoenician פר אגנן אם צץ[צ] CIS^{i, 165, 11 & p. 232 f.} birds of enclosure (domestic fowls) or of wing)—absolute גַּן Genesis 2:8 + 3 times; construct the same Genesis 2:15 + 19 times; c. art. הַגָּן Genesis 2:9 + 9 times, but כַּגַּן Lamentations 2:6; with suffix גַּנִּי Song of Songs 4:16; Song of Songs 5:1, גַּנּוֹ Song of Songs 4:16; Song of Songs 6:2; Pl. גַּנִּים Song of Songs 4:15 + 2 times—garden as enclosure Lamentations 2:6 (simile); הַיּוֹשֶׁבֶת בַּגַּנִּים Song of Songs 8:13; compare Song of Songs 4:12 (figuratively of bride גַּן נָעוּל); g. of herbs (יָרָק) Deuteronomy 11:10 I Kings 21:2; figuratively of bride, g. of plants, fruits, and spices Song of Songs 4:16^(×2); Song of Songs 5:1; Song of Songs 6:2^(×2) compare מַעְיַן גנים Song of Songs 4:15; g. of (king’s) house II Kings 21:18 = גַּן־עֻזָּא II Kings 21:18, II Kings 21:26; גַּן הַמֶּלֶךְ II Kings 25:4 Jeremiah 39:4; Jeremiah 52:7 Nehemiah 3:15, compare בֵּית הַגָּן II Kings 9:27 (at Jezreel? but this perhaps n.pr.location see sub בית p. 111); most often of garden (orchard?) in Eden (Hex only Gn & only J) Genesis 2:8, Genesis 2:9, Genesis 2:10, Genesis 2:16; Genesis 3:1, Genesis 3:2, Genesis 3:3, Genesis 3:8^(×2), Genesis 3:10, called גַּן־עֵדֶן Genesis 2:15; Genesis 3:23, Genesis 3:24 Ezekiel 36:35 Joel 2:3, compare גן־י׳ Genesis 13:10 Isaiah 51:3 (both in simile); גן־אלהים Ezekiel 28:13 (עֵדֶן גן־אל׳), Ezekiel 31:8^(×2), Ezekiel 31:9 (‖ עֵדֶן); in last three the trees of the garden are comp. with Assyrian under figuratively of cedar of Lebanon.

גִּינַ֑ת

n.pr.m. father of Tibni I Kings 16:21, I Kings 16:22.

גִּנְּתוֹי

Nehemiah 12:4 = following.

גִּנְּתוֹן

n.pr.m. a priest among the returned exiles Nehemiah 10:7; Nehemiah 12:16 compare foregoing.

גָּעָה

verb low (of cattle) (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Aramaic גְּעָא, ܓܥܳܐ )—יִגְעֶה־שׁוֹר Job 6:5; הָלֹךְ וְגָעוֹ I Samuel 6:12.

גַּ֫עַל

n.pr.m. appar. a Canaanite, son of עֶבֶד (but compare VB) Judges 9:26, Judges 9:28, Judges 9:30, Judges 9:31, Judges 9:35, Judges 9:36, Judges 9:37, Judges 9:39, Judges 9:41.

גָּעַר

verb rebuke (Aramaic גְּעַר, ܓܥܰܪ the same, Ethiopic ገዐረ cry out, Sab. יגער n.pr., Sab. Denkm. ^{p. 29.30})—

Isaiah 17:13; גָּעַרְתָּ Psalms 9:6 + 2 times, etc.; future (עתיד) יִגְעַר Zechariah 3:2 + 3 times, תִּגְעֲרוּ Ruth 2:16; imperative (ציווי) גְּעַר Psalms 68:31, infinitive (מקור) מִגְּעָר־ Isaiah 54:9; participle (בינוני) גּוֹעֵר Nahum 1:4, גֹּעֵר Malachi 2:3;—c. בְּ except Psalms 9:6; Psalms 68:31; Psalms 119:21 Malachi 2:3 where direct object;—

rebuke, father his son Genesis 37:10, reapers Ruth Ruth 2:16, priest Jeremiah Jeremiah 29:27.

of God rebuking nations Psalms 9:6 Isaiah 17:13, proud Psalms 119:21, Satan Zechariah 3:2^(×2), חית קנה Psalms 68:31, בָּאֹכֵל (the devouring swarm of locusts, restraining them) Malachi 3:11, the sea drying it up Psalms 106:9 Nahum 1:4, Zion Isaiah 54:9; הַזֶּרַע the seed (prevent the usual harvest) Malachi 2:3 (Septuagint Aq Vulgate הַזְּרֹעַ, the arm, viz., of priests, that they may not extend it to bless).

גְּעָרָה

noun (fem.) rebuke—Proverbs 13:1 + 2 times; גַּעֲרַת Ecclesiastes 7:5 + 5 times; with suffix גַּעֲרָֽתְךָ Psalms 18:16 + (sfs. 6 times);—

of man Proverbs 13:1, Proverbs 13:8; Proverbs 17:10 Ecclesiastes 7:5 Isaiah 30:17^(×2).

of God Job 26:11 Psalms 18:16 (= II Samuel 22:16) Psalms 76:7; Psalms 80:17; Psalms 104:7 Isaiah 50:2; Isaiah 51:20; Isaiah 66:15.

גָּעַשׁ

verb shake, quake (Mishnaic Hebrew the same)—

future (עתיד) וַתִּגְעַשׁ Psalms 18:8 = II Samuel 22:8 Kt (Qr Hithp.);—quake of earth at theoph, Psalms 18:8 = II Samuel 22:8 (read Kt; ‖ רעשׁ).

future (עתיד) be shaken up, convulsed יְגֹעֲשׁוּ־עָם Job 34:20 a people are convulsed.

shake back and forth, toss or reel to and fro וַיִּתְגָּעַשׁ Qr II Samuel 22:8 (< Kt Qal); יִתְגָּֽעֲשׁוּ Jeremiah 46:7, וַיִּתְגָּֽעֲשׁוּ Psalms 18:8 + 2 times;—of mountains Psalms 18:8 = II Samuel 22:8; of waves of sea, Jeremiah 5:22; of waters of Nile Jeremiah 46:7 (compare v Jeremiah 46:8).

past (עבר) וְהִתְגֹּעֲשׁוּ consec. Jeremiah 25:16; future (עתיד) יִתְגֹּעֲשׁוּ Jeremiah 46:8; the same of waters of Nile Jeremiah 46:8; of drunken men, reel to and fro, Jeremiah 25:16 (figuratively of nations confounded by י׳).

גַּ֫עַשׁ

n.pr.location הַר־גָּ֑עַשׁ Joshua 24:30 Judges 2:9 mt. in Ephraim, S. of (חֶרֶס) תִּמְנַת־סֶרַח q.see; נַחֲלֵי גָּ֑עַשׁ II Samuel 23:30 = I Chronicles 11:32 of ravines thereon, or near by.

גַּעְתָּם

n.pr.m. a chief of Edom, son of Eliphaz Genesis 36:11, Genesis 36:16 I Chronicles 1:36.

גֶּ֫פֶן

noun (fem.) ^{Judges 9:13} + (m. only Hosea 10:1, perhaps infl. of יִשְׂרָאֵל, II Kings 4:39) vine (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Arabic جَفْنٌ (Yemen), Assyrian gapnu, compare Zehnpfund^{BAS i. 633}; Aramaic גּוֹפַן, גֶּפֶן, ܓܦܶܬܳܐ, plural ܓܘܽܦ̈ܢܶܐ )—ג׳ Genesis 40:9 + 38 times (also construct, as Numbers 6:4 Deuteronomy 32:32 Isaiah 16:8, Isaiah 16:9), גָּ֑פֶן Judges 9:12 + 2 times; with suffix גַּפְנִי Joel 1:7, גַּפְנְךָ Jeremiah 5:17, גַּפְנוֹ I Kings 5:5 + 3 times, גַּפְנָהּ Hosea 2:14, גַּפְנָם Deuteronomy 32:32 + 2 times; plural גְּפָנִים Song of Songs 2:13 Habakkuk 3:17—vine (always grape-bearing except II Kings 4:39) Genesis 40:9, Genesis 40:10 (in dream) Genesis 49:11 Numbers 20:5 Deuteronomy 8:8 Judges 9:12, Judges 9:13 (in allegory) I Kings 5:5 II Kings 18:31 = Isaiah 36:16, Psalms 78:47; Psalms 105:33 Song of Songs 2:13; Song of Songs 6:11; Song of Songs 7:13 Isaiah 7:23; Isaiah 24:7; Isaiah 32:12 Jeremiah 5:17; Jeremiah 8:13 Hosea 2:14 Joel 1:7, Joel 1:12; Joel 2:22 Micah 4:4 Habakkuk 3:17 Haggai 2:19 Zechariah 2:10; Zechariah 8:12 Malachi 3:11; גֶּפֶן שָׂדֶה a vine bearing poisonous gourds II Kings 4:39; גֶּפֶן הַיַּיִן Numbers 6:4 (compare Genesis 40:10 Judges 9:13) Judges 13:14; אֶשְׁכְּלוֹת הַגֶּפֶן Song of Songs 7:9; עֵץ הַגֶּפֶן Ezekiel 15:2, Ezekiel 15:6; in simile of stars fading away at Yahweh’s judgment Isaiah 34:4; in simile of wicked losing early promise Job 15:33; in simile of wife Psalms 128:3; figuratively of Israel Psalms 80:9, Psalms 80:15 Ezekiel 17:6^(×2), Ezekiel 17:7, Ezekiel 17:8 Hosea 10:1 compare Ezekiel 19:10, Jeremiah 2:21; Jeremiah 6:9; also Hosea 14:8; figuratively of Israel as easily destroyed Ezekiel 15:2, Ezekiel 15:6; figuratively of godless enemies of Israel Deuteronomy 32:32 compare Dillmann; גֶּפֶן שִׂבְמָה figuratively for prosperity of Moab Isaiah 16:8, Isaiah 16:9 Jeremiah 48:32.—On the vine in Syria compare Anderlind^{ZPV 1888, 160 ff.}

גֹּ֫פֶר

n.[m.] gopher, only in עֲצֵי־גֹּפֶר Genesis 6:14, wood of which the ark was made (word doubtful; Gesenius' Thesaurus comp. כֹּפֶר & so Rob Gesenius (hence ‘pitch-wood, resinous wood’), compare Dillmann; Lagarde^{Semitica i. 64; Symmict. ii. 93, BN 217 ff.} thinks word not original, but inferred from גפרית, and substituted here for גפרית by copyist, or editor. Cf. following).

גָּפְרִית

noun (fem.) brimstone (Aramaic גּוּפְרִיתָא, also כבריתא, כובריתא, ܟܶܒܪܝܺܬܳܐ, ܟܽܒܪܝܺܬܳܐ; Arabic كِبْرِيت (certainly foreign wd.); der. from (כֹּפֶר), גֹּפֶר by Gesenius' Thesaurus RobGes, compare Dillmann Genesis 6:14; that is pitch, and then other combustibles, especially sulphur; Lagarde^l.c. thinks from Bactr. vohûkereti)—גָּפְרִית Genesis 19:24 + 6 times—brimstone, after הִמְטִיר Genesis 19:24, figuratively of judgment Psalms 11:6 Ezekiel 38:22 (in all ‖ אֵשׁ etc.), compare also Job 18:15 Isaiah 34:9, & Deuteronomy 29:22; נַחַל ג׳ simile for the destroying breath of י׳ Isaiah 30:33.

גֵּר²

see sub I. גור.

גִּר²

see sub גיר.

גֵּרָא

n.pr.m. (Phoenician גרא) son of Benjamin Genesis 46:21 (lacking Numbers 26:38-40); son of Belaʿ, & grandson of Benj., according to I Chronicles 8:3, I Chronicles 8:5 compare v I Chronicles 8:7; designation of a Benjamite family or clan; hence Ehud called בֶּן־גֵּרָא Judges 3:15, & so Shimei, II Samuel 16:5; II Samuel 19:17, II Samuel 19:19 I Kings 2:8.

גָּרָב

n.[m.] itch, scab (Arabic جَرَبٌ, Aramaic גַּרְבָּא, ܓܰܪܒܳܐ, Assyrian garabu Delitzsch's Assyrian Grammar § 162)—גָּרָב Leviticus 21:20; Leviticus 22:22 Deuteronomy 28:27.

גָּרֵב

n.pr.m. (compare Palmyrene n.pr.m. גריבא Vog ¹⁴¹) one of David’s heroes II Samuel 23:38 = I Chronicles 11:40.

n.pr.location (compare Sab. n.pr.location גרבם Hal^{Noldeke. 379, 382}) only in גִּבְעַת גָּרֵב Jeremiah 31:39 hill of Gareb, appar. close to Jerusalem on the SW. compare Gf; see also Hitzig Cheyne.

גָּרוֹן

noun (masc.) ^{Psalms 69:4} neck, throat (connexion with above √ doubtful; Gesenius' Thesaurus Rob-Gesenius. (compare Muhlau-Volck) from גרה in (assumed) sense of גרר of a dragging, scraping sound; compare מְגֵרָה; yet √ perhaps גרן q.see; Arabic جِرَانٌ (sub جَرَنَ Freytag & Lane) front part of neck of camel, etc.)—ג׳ Isaiah 3:16; Isaiah 58:1; with suffix גְּרוֹנִי Psalms 69:4; גְּרוֹנֵךְ Ezekiel 16:11 + Jeremiah 2:25 Qr (Kt גורנך); גְּרוֹנָם Psalms 115:7; Psalms 149:6, גְּרֹנָם Psalms 5:10;—throat;

of the visible exterior (front) of throat, neck נְטֻו֯וֹת ג׳ Isaiah 3:16 outstretched of neck (= with outstretched neck); וְרָבִיד עַל־גְּרוֹנֵךְ Ezekiel 41:19 and a chain upon thy neck.

throat, as capable of thirst Jeremiah 2:25; as organ of speech קְרָא בְגָרוֹן Isaiah 58:1 (‖ הָרֵם קוֹלֶ֑ךָ), לֹא יֶהְגּוּ בִּג׳ Psalms 115:7; also רוֹמֲמוֹת אֵל בִּגְרוֹנָם Psalms 149:6 high songs to God (be) in their throat; compare נִחַר גְּרוֹנִי Psalms 69:4 my throat is parched (‖ יָגַעְתִּי בְקָרְאִי); so also קֶבֶר־פָּתוּחַ גְּרֹנָם Psalms 5:10 their throat is an opened sepulchre.

גֵּרָה

ii. גֵּרָה see sub גרר.

גֵּרוּת

see sub I. גור.

גַּרְזֶן

noun (masc.) ^{Isaiah 10:15} axe (pick, pick-axe, 3 times in SI; on format. compare Stade^{294 a} Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 85, xi. 54)—Deuteronomy 19:5; Deuteronomy 20:19 Isaiah 10:15 I Kings 6:7 (Co conjunction also Ezekiel 31:11).

גּוֹרָל

noun (masc.) Leviticus 16:8 & (†Joshua 21:10, but see below) f. lot, (Mishnaic Hebrew the same & demon. Hiph. הִגְרִיל cast lots)—absolute ג׳ Joshua 16:1 + 51 times; construct גּוֹרַל Joshua 18:11 + 2 times, גֹּרַל Numbers 36:3; with suffix גּוֹרָלִי Psalms 16:5, גֹּרָלִי Judges 1:3, גּוֹרָֽלְךָ Proverbs 1:14, גֹּרָֽלְךָ Daniel 12:13, גּוֹרָלֶ֑ךָ Judges 1:3, גּוֹרָלֵךְ Jeremiah 13:25 Isaiah 57:6, גּוֹרָלוֹ I Chronicles 26:14, גּוֹרָלָם Joshua 18:11 + 2 times; plural גּוֹרָלוֹת Jonah 1:7 + 8 times, גֹּרָלוֹת Leviticus 16:8;—a lot cast for the decision of questions Proverbs 18:18, designation of persons, etc., for service or punishment, assignment of property, etc.; probably stones put into the bosom-fold of a garment, Proverbs 16:33 (בַּחֵיק יוּטַל אֶת־הַגּ׳), or into a vessel, and shaken until one springs out (עָלָה, יָצָא, or—late—נָפַל); this was regarded originally as divine decision (compare on Urim & Thummim p. 22, above); for the agent, the usual verbs are הִשְׁלִיךְ, יָרָה, נָתַן, and הִפִּיל. Particularly:—

lot for dividing land, especially that which Joshua cast at Shiloh לִפְנֵי י׳ Joshua 18:6 (יָרָה) v Joshua 18:8, Joshua 18:10 (both הִשְׁלִיךְ; all three followed by לְ of person for whom; all JE); compare Joshua 19:51; so of lot coming up, or forth, עָלָה Joshua 18:11 (construct; P), also followed by לְ person Joshua 19:10, & following c. יָצָא Joshua 16:1, Numbers 33:54 Joshua 19:1, Joshua 19:17, Joshua 19:24, Joshua 19:32, Joshua 19:40; Joshua 21:4 (all P); be divided by lot יֵהָלֵק בְּג׳ Numbers 26:55, or according to lot עַל־פִּי הַגּ׳ תֵּחָלֵק v Numbers 26:56; apportion by lot הִתְנַחֲלוּ בְּג׳ Numbers 33:54; Numbers 34:13, נַחַל בְּג׳ Joshua 19:51; give by lot נָתַן בְּג׳ Numbers 36:2 נָתַן בַּגּ׳ Joshua 21:8 (all P) I Chronicles 6:50; have by lot הָיָה ל׳ בַּגּ׳ Joshua 21:4, & (היה om.) v Joshua 21:5, Joshua 21:6 (all P) compare I Chronicles 6:46, I Chronicles 6:48; also Joshua 21:10 (P; הַגּ׳ רִאישֹׁנָה, only here f.; Septuagint—not SeptuagintL—om. ראישׁנה, & so) ‖ I Chronicles 6:39; compare further Isaiah 34:17 (הִפִּיל לְ).

lot for assigning to service, duty or punishment,

concerning the goats on day of atonement, Leviticus 16:8 (נָתַן עַל) v Leviticus 16:8, Leviticus 16:8 (followed by לְ); compare v Leviticus 16:9, Leviticus 16:10 (עָלָה עַל; all P).

assigning priests to their courses, singers, musicians & porters to their duties, by lot חָלַק בְּג׳ I Chronicles 24:5; הִפִּיל ג׳ v I Chronicles 24:31; I Chronicles 25:8; I Chronicles 26:13 (followed by לְ of position) v I Chronicles 26:14; of lot coming forth (יָצָא לְ person) I Chronicles 24:7 (compare v I Chronicles 24:7, I Chronicles 24:18) I Chronicles 25:9 (compare v I Chronicles 24:9-31) I Chronicles 26:14 compare וַיֵּצֵא גּוֹרָלוֹ v I Chronicles 26:14.

cast lots for dwelling in Jerus. (הִפִּיל ג׳) Nehemiah 11:1 (followed by inf.)

for supplying wood for altar-fire Nehemiah 10:35 (הִפִּיל עַל); here belongs probably also

Judges 20:9 עָלֶיהָ בְּג׳, ref. to v Judges 20:10 (determining who shall go up, and who supply provision) Septuagint ἀναβησόμεθα ἐπʼ αὐτὴν ἐν κλήρῳ so Stu (insert perhaps נעלה), compare AV RV, Budde^{Robertson Smith 151} (who reads נַפִּילָה בְּג׳); > Peshitta Be Ke who ref. ג׳ here to division of land of captured city.

to determine guilty persons Jonah 1:7^(×2) (both הִפִּיל) v Jonah 1:7 (נָפַל עַל); so appar. Ezekiel 24:6 of inhab. of Jerus. under figuratively of flesh in pot לֹא־נָפַל עָלֶיהָ ג׳ no lot is fallen over it, that is no discrimination is made, destruction is to include the whole city; (compare also Joshua 7:14 I Samuel 14:41 where divine agency in detection is prominent but word גּוֹרָל not used).

in allotting slaves Joel 4:3 אֶל־עַמִּי יַדּוּ ג׳; Nahum 3:10 (יַדּוּ עַל); so Obadiah 1:11 וְעַל־יְרוּשָׁלַםִ יַדּוּ ג׳,—all c. verb ידד q.see

in distributing plundered garments Psalms 22:19 (הִפִּיל על).

to determine favourable day for a scheme, הִפִּיל Esther 3:7 (לִפְנֵי הָמָן) Esther 9:24 (followed by inf.; see also פּוּר).

thing assigned, apportioned, allotted especially of land assigned by lot, allotment Joshua 15:1; Joshua 17:1; Joshua 21:38 (all P), Joshua 17:14, Joshua 21:17 = portion, share (‖ נַחֲלָה; JE); compare גֹּרַל נַחֲלָתֵנוּ Numbers 36:3, גּוֹרַל נַחֲלָתָם Joshua 14:2 (P; but perhaps read absolute גּוֹרָל compare Dillmann); also גְּבוּל גּוֹרָלָם Joshua 18:11 the boundary of their allotment; עָרֵי גוֹרָלָם Joshua 21:20; see further Judges 1:3^(×2); so probably Micah 2:5 הִשְׁלִיךְ חֶבֶל בְּג׳ (Hitzig Cheyne; compare also Ewald); Psalms 125:3, land, exposed to oppressive exaction; also figuratively of י׳ as portion, allotment of his people Psalms 16:5 (so Cheyne, & on תָּמִיד for תּוֹמִיךְ compare his crit. n.; see also Ewald; otherwise De al.;—‖ מְנָת חֶלְקִי); on the other hand, of idols Isaiah 57:6 (‖ חֵלֶק); also עָמַד לְג׳ Daniel 12:13, of allotted portion, share, in the Messianic consummation; more generally, one’s portion, lot, fortune גּוֹרָֽלְךָ תַּפִּיל בְּתוֹכֵנוּ Proverbs 1:14 cast thy fortune into the midst of us, in with us (‖ כִּיס אֶחָד יִהְיֶה לְכֻלָּנוּ).

portion = recompence, retribution Isaiah 17:14 (‖ חֵלֶק), Jeremiah 13:25 (‖ מְנָת מִדַּיִךְ), both implying divine agency.

גָּרֹל

adjective גְּרָל־חֵמָה Proverbs 19:19 Kt; < Qr גְּדָל־ compare Vrss, AV RV Nowack Strack al.

גָּרַם

verb cut off, hence reserve (?) (Mishnaic Hebrew גָּרַם is shorten, occasion, bring about, to pass, Aramaic גְּרַם Pa. occasion, bring about, ܓܪܰܡ abscidit, decrevit, compare Arabic جَرَمَ cut off (fruit), shear (sheep);—on connexion of ideas see Fl NHWB ^i.437)

past (עבר) 3rd plural לֹא גָֽרְמוּ לַבֹּקֶר Zephaniah 3:3 they have reserved nothing for the morrow, in figuratively of cruel judges (doubtful: al. from ii. [גָּרַם], see Kau^AT Driver).

גֶּ֫רֶם

n.[m.] bone, strength, self (?) (Arabic جِرْمٌ body, Aramaic גְּרַם, ܓܪܶܡ bone, self)—absolute גָּ֑רֶם Genesis 49:14 + 2 times; construct גֶּרֶם II Kings 9:13; with suffix גְּרָמָיו Job 40:18;—

bone Proverbs 17:22 (coll.) Proverbs 25:15; of behemoth (hippopot.) Job 40:18 (‖ עצם q.see)

strength Genesis 49:14 חֲמֹר גָּ֑רֶם strong ass (literally bony, so VB).

self (compare עצם), II Kings 9:13 גֶּרֶם הַמַּעֲלוֹת so Gesenius Ewald Ke, but text doubtful, see conjectures in Klostermann.

גָּרַם²

verbdenom. break bones, break—

future (עתיד) וְעַצְמֹתֵיהֶם יְגָרֵם Numbers 24:8; but also וְאֶת־חֲרָשֶׂיהָ תְּגָרֵ֖מִי Ezekiel 23:34 (yet on text see Co.)

גֹּ֫רֶן

noun (masc.) threshing-floor (compare further vulg. Ar. جُرْنٌ stone basin, trough, mortar, etc. Dozy Lane, see Moḥiṭ^{243 b, 7})—גֹּרֶן Genesis 50:10 + 27 times (construct for example Genesis 50:10, Genesis 50:11 II Samuel 6:6); גֹּֽרְנָֽה ׃ Micah 4:12; with suffix גָּרְנִי Isaiah 21:10; גָּרְנְךָ Deuteronomy 15:14; Deuteronomy 16:13; plural הַגְּרָנוֹת I Samuel 23:1, הַגֳּרָנוֹת Joel 2:24; construct גָּרְנוֹת Hosea 9:1—threshing-floor, (on form. see Rob^{BR i. 550} compare Fl NHWB^{i. 437}) Genesis 50:10, Genesis 50:11 (ג׳ האטד) Numbers 18:27 (דָּגָן מן־הג׳) Deuteronomy 15:14; Deuteronomy 16:13 Judges 6:37 Ruth 3:2 (הוּא זֹרֶה ג׳ הַשְּׂעֹרִים) v Ruth 3:3, Ruth 3:6, Ruth 3:14 II Samuel 6:6; II Samuel 24:16, II Samuel 24:18, II Samuel 24:21, II Samuel 24:24 I Chronicles 13:9; I Chronicles 21:15, I Chronicles 21:18, I Chronicles 21:21, I Chronicles 21:22, I Chronicles 21:28 II Chronicles 3:1 Hosea 9:1 (ג׳ דָּגָן) v Hosea 9:2 Micah 4:12 Job 39:12 compare Dillmann; תְּרוּמַת ג׳ Numbers 15:20; תְּבוּאַת ג׳ Numbers 18:30; of these, three may be n.pr.location:—גֹּרֶן הָאָטָד Genesis 50:10, Genesis 50:11; גֹּרֶן נָכוֹן II Samuel 6:6 (compare Wellhausen Driver) = גֹּרֶן כִּידֹן I Chronicles 13:9; place of storing corn, etc. I Samuel 23:1 II Kings 6:27 Joel 2:24; open place at city-gate גֹּרֶן פֶּתַח שַׁעַר שֹׁמְרוֹן I Kings 22:10 = II Chronicles 18:9, where kings of Isr. & Jud. sat (but this peculiar & text doubtful; Septuagint (in K) ἔνοπλοι; Wellhausen om.; Peshitta Th Be בְּרֻדִּים, agreeing with בְּגָדִים preceding; yet this elsewhere in Hebrew only of animals); in simile of daughter of Babylon, Jeremiah 51:33 (trodden smooth) compare figuratively of Israel בֶּן־גָּרְנִי (‖ מְדֻשָׁתִי) Isaiah 21:10; מֹץ … מִגּ׳ Hosea 13:8.

גָּרֹן

see sub גרה.

גָּרַר

verb drag, drag away (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Arabic جَرَّ, Aramaic גְּרַר, ܓܰܪ; Assyrian garâru, run, Zim^{BP 102}; etc.)—

future (עתיד) with suffix יְגֹרֵהוּ Habakkuk 1:15, יְגוֹרֵם Proverbs 21:7—drag away, fishes in net, figuratively Habakkuk 1:15 (Chaldeans, their opponents); violence, the wicked Proverbs 21:7.

(read Qal? Sam. יָגוֹר compare Dillmann) future (עתיד) יִגָּ֑ר Leviticus 11:7 with a direct object cogn. גֵּרָה לֹא־יִגָּ֑ר = (the) cud he cheweth not, compare also Deuteronomy 14:8 Sam. Septuagint (Dillmann) Poʿal. participle (בינוני) (denom.; so Mishnaic Hebrew Qal & Niph.) מְגֹרָרוֹת בַּמְּגֵרָה I Kings 7:9 sawn with the saw.

סַעַר מִתְגּוֹרֵ֑ר Jeremiah 30:23 a (sweeping) roaring whirlwind (‖ Jeremiah 23:19 has מִתְחוֹלֵל). On יִתְגּוֹרָרוּ Hosea 7:14, see I. גור, גדד.

גֵּרָה²

noun (fem.) cud (Arabic جِرَّةٌ, so called from sound of rumination?)—גֵּרָה Leviticus 11:3 + 10 times—cud, only in legislation of clean and unclean animals, and almost always c. (ֵי, ַת, ָה) מַעֲלֵה Leviticus 11:3, Leviticus 11:4^(×2), Leviticus 11:5, Leviticus 11:6, Leviticus 11:26 Deuteronomy 14:6, Deuteronomy 14:7^(×2); ג׳ יִגָּ֑ר (compare גרר Niph.) Leviticus 11:7; Deuteronomy 14:8 has גֵּרָה without verb, but read there as Leviticus 11:7 (so Sam. Septuagint Dillmann).

גֵּרָה³

noun (fem.) a weight, 20th part of shekel, gerah (Assyrian girû, Zehnpfund^{BAS i. 506})—גֵּרָה Exodus 30:13 + 4 times—Only in definition of שֶׁקֶל, c. num. עֶשְׂרִים Exodus 30:13; Leviticus 27:25; Numbers 3:47; Numbers 18:16; Ezekiel 45:12.

גְּרָר

n.pr.location south of Gaza, usually identif. with mod. Umm Jerâr Bd^{Pal. 159} Gutheérin^{Judée ii. 257 ff.}; but Wady Jerūr W. of ʿAin Ḳadīs according to Trumbull ^{Kadesh Barnea 61 ff.} compare Guthe ^{ZPV viii. 1885, 215}; Genesis 20:2; Genesis 26:6, Genesis 26:20, Genesis 26:26; II Chronicles 14:12, II Chronicles 14:13; גְּרָ֫רָה Genesis 10:19; Genesis 26:1; נַ֫חַל גְּרָר Genesis 26:17; וַיָּגָר בִּגְרָר Genesis 20:1.

גֶּ֫רֶשׂ

n.[m.] a crushing, but only concrete of that which is crushed, groats, grits (compare Arabic جَرِيشٌ, Mishnaic Hebrew גְּרִיס, Aramaic (rare) גִּרְשָׂא, גְּרוּסְיָא, ܓܳܪܣܳܐ )—אָבִיב קָלוּי בָּאֵשׁ גֶּרֶשׂ כַּרְמֶל Leviticus 2:14 young ears parched with fire, groats (&) fresh fruit (see Sifra ad location); (וּמִשַּׁמְנָהּ) מִגִּרְשָׂהּ Leviticus 2:16.

גָּרַשׁ

verb drive out, cast out (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Aramaic גְּרַשׁ Pa. Ithp. of divorce, MI¹⁹ ויגרשה)—

future (עתיד) וַיִּגְרְשׁוּ Isaiah 57:20; infinitive (מקור) with suffix מִגְרָשָׁהּ Ezekiel 36:5 below; participle (בינוני) active גֹּרֵשׁ Exodus 34:11; passive f. גְּרוּשָׁה Leviticus 21:7 + 4 times;—cast out, thrust out, י׳, the Amorites Exodus 34:11 (JE; c. מִפְּנֵי); waters, mire and dirt רֶפֶשׁ וָטִיט Isaiah 57:20; passive only of divorced woman Leviticus 21:7 (followed by מֵאִישָׁהּ; elsewhere with אַלְמָנָה widow), v Leviticus 21:14 Leviticus 22:13 (all H), Numbers 30:10 Ezekiel 44:22. On מִגְרָשָׁהּ Ezekiel 36:5 as Aramaic infinitive (מקור) compare Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 45 e Konig^{f. 166}; Co del., on intern. grounds, compare Septuagint.

past (עבר) נִגְרָ֑שׁ Isaiah 57:20; 3rd feminine singular וְנִגְרְשָׁה consec. Amos 8:8; נִגְרַשְׁתִּי Jonah 2:5;—be driven away, followed by מִנֶּגֶד עֵינֶיךָ, that is from the presence of Yahweh Jonah 2:5; be driven, tossed, as the Nile Amos 8:8; of the sea Isaiah 57:20 rel. cl., אֲשֶׁר om., like the sea that is tossed.

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular וְגֵרְשָׁה consec. Exodus 23:28; גֵּרַשְׁתָּ Genesis 4:14, with suffix 3rd masculine plural וְגֵרַשְׁתָּמוֹ consec. Exodus 23:31; וְגֵרַשְׁתִּ֫י Exodus 33:2, with suffix גֵּרַשְׁתִּיהוּ Ezekiel 31:11 (so Targum Vulgate, not Septuagint; compare Co’s conjunction); וְגֵּרַשְׁתִּיו consec. Numbers 22:11; 3rd plural with suffix גֵּרְשׁוּנִי I Samuel 26:19 future (עתיד) יְגָרֵשׁ Exodus 11:1, וַיְגָ֫רֶשׁ Genesis 3:24 + 6 times; with suffix וַיְגָרֲשֵׁהוּ Psalms 34:1, יְגָֽרֲשֵׁם Exodus 6:1; 2nd masculine singular תְּגָרֵשׁ Psalms 80:9, וַתְּגָ֫רֶשׁ Joshua 24:12; אֲגָרֵשׁ Judges 2:3, וָֽאֲגָרֵשׁ Judges 6:9; with suffix 3rd masculine singular אֲגָֽרְשֶׁנּוּ Exodus 23:29, Exodus 23:30; Numbers 22:6; אֲגָֽרֲשֵׁם Hosea 9:15; וַיְגָֽרֲשׁוּ Judges 11:2; יְגָֽרֲשׁוּהָ Zephaniah 2:4, וַיְגָֽרֲשׁוּם Exodus 2:17; 2nd masculine plural תְּגָֽרֲשׁוּן Micah 2:9, וַתְּגָֽרֲשׁוּנִי Judges 11:7; infinitive (מקור) construct לְגָרֵשׁ I Chronicles 17:21 + ‖ II Samuel 7:23 Gei Wellhausen Driver, for Masoretic Text לארצך; לְגָֽרֲשֵׁנוּ II Chronicles 20:11; absolute the same Exodus 11:1; imperative (ציווי) גָּרֵשׁ Genesis 21:10 Proverbs 22:10;—drive out, away, Hex all JE, incl. poem Deuteronomy 33; (י׳ subj.), Adam from garden Genesis 3:24 compare Cain Genesis 4:14 (followed by מִן location, & so 21 times), David (men subj.) I Samuel 26:19, the same (Abimelech subj.) Psalms 34:1 (title), Hagar (Abr. subj.) Genesis 21:10 compare scorner, Proverbs 22:10 daughters of Reuel (subj. shepherds) Exodus 2:17; Moses and Aaron from Pharaoh’s presence (indef. subj.) Exodus 10:11; Gaal etc. (subj. Zebul) Judges 9:41 (followed by מִן c. infinitive (מקור)), Jephthah (Gil. subj.) Judges 11:2, Judges 11:7; Abiathar (subj. Sol.) I Kings 2:27 (followed by מִן c. infinitive (מקור)) wicked from temple (י׳ subj.) Hosea 9:15; women from houses (nobles subj.) Micah 2:9; often of Canaanites (hornet subj.) Exodus 23:28; Joshua 24:12 compare Exodus 23:31 (Israel subj.); also (י׳ subj.; compare MI¹⁹) Exodus 23:29, Exodus 23:30; Exodus 33:2; Deuteronomy 33:27 Joshua 24:18; Judges 2:3; Judges 6:9 Psalms 78:55; Psalms 80:9; I Chronicles 17:21; of Israel from Egypt (subj. Pharaoh) Exodus 6:1; Exodus 11:1^(×2); from land of Moab (subj. Balak) Numbers 22:6, Numbers 22:11; Judah from Canaan (subj. Moab & Ammon) II Chronicles 20:11; Egypt from her land (י׳ subj.) Ezekiel 31:11 (but compare text, above); Ashdod (indef. subj.) Zephaniah 2:4.

past (עבר) גֹּרְשׁוּ subj. Israelites Exodus 12:39; future (עתיד) יְגֹרָ֑שׁוּ subj. despised and miserable outcasts Job 30:5 both followed by מִן location

גֶּ֫רֶשׁ

n.[m.] thing thrust or put forth, yield; construct גֶּרֶשׁ יְרָחִים Deuteronomy 33:14 yield, produce of moons ‖ תְּבוּאֹת שָׁ֑מֶשׁ; that is produce in its seasons, compare Dillmann.

גֵּרְשֹׁם

n.pr.m.

son of Moses & Ṣipporah Exodus 2:22 (expl. as if from גור) = Exodus 18:3; גֵּרְשׁוֹם I Chronicles 23:15, I Chronicles 23:16; I Chronicles 26:24; so also גֵּרְשֹׁם Judges 18:30 Masoretic Text בֶּן־מְנַשֶּׁה compare VB

a son of Levi גֵּרְשֹׁם I Chronicles 6:1, I Chronicles 6:28; I Chronicles 15:7 (compare גֵּרְשׁוֹן); גֵּרְשׁוֹם I Chronicles 6:2, I Chronicles 6:5, I Chronicles 6:47, I Chronicles 6:56.

a son of Phinehas Ezra 8:2.

גֵּרְשׁוֹן

n.pr.m. son of Levi (= גרשׁם I Chronicles 6:1, I Chronicles 6:28; I Chronicles 15:7 גרשׁום I Chronicles 6:2, I Chronicles 6:5, I Chronicles 6:47, I Chronicles 6:56) Genesis 46:11; Exodus 6:16, Exodus 6:17 Numbers 3:17, Numbers 3:18, Numbers 3:21, Numbers 3:25; Numbers 4:22, Numbers 4:38, Numbers 4:41; Numbers 7:7; Numbers 10:17; Numbers 26:57; Joshua 21:6, Joshua 21:27; I Chronicles 5:27; I Chronicles 23:6 (particularly in expression sons of Gershon, that is family, descendants of Gershon Numbers 3:25; Numbers 4:22, Numbers 4:38, Numbers 4:41; Numbers 7:7; Numbers 10:17 Joshua 21:6, Joshua 21:27; compare sons of Gershom I Chronicles 6:47, I Chronicles 6:56; I Chronicles 15:7).

גֶּ֫שֶׁם

n.pr.m. an opponent of Nehemiah Nehemiah 2:19; Nehemiah 6:1 (in both called הָעַרְבִּי); v Nehemiah 6:2; also גַּשְׁמוּ Nehemiah 6:6; וּ as in Nab. n.pr. compare Noldeke in Eut ^{Nab 73}.

גֶּ֫שֶׁם²

noun (masc.) ^{Genesis 7:12} rain, shower (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, conn. wi. above √ doubtful)—absolute ג׳ Genesis 7:12 +; גָּ֑שֶׁם I Kings 18:41 +; construct גֶּשֶׁם Job 37:6^(×2) +; plural גְּשָׁמִים Ezra 10:9, Ezra 10:13; construct גִּשְׁמֵי Ezekiel 34:26; with suffix גִּשְׁמֵיכֶם Leviticus 26:4; גִּשְׁמֵיהֶם Psalms 105:32;—rain, shower Genesis 7:12; Genesis 8:2 (both J) Leviticus 26:4 Hosea 6:3 Amos 4:7; Jeremiah 5:24; Jeremiah 14:4; Isaiah 44:14; Isaiah 55:10; Ezekiel 1:28 Joel 2:23 (‖ מוֹרֶה, מַלְקוֹשׁ); I Kings 17:7, I Kings 17:14; I Kings 18:45 (ג׳ גדול) II Kings 3:17; Proverbs 25:14, Proverbs 25:23; Ecclesiastes 11:3; Song of Songs 2:11 Psalms 105:32 וּמֵהַגּ׳ Ezra 10:9 and because of the rains, compare v Ezra 10:13; קוֹל הֲמוֹן הַגּ׳ I Kings 18:41 compare v I Kings 18:44 Zechariah 14:17; Ecclesiastes 12:2; גֶּשֶׁם מָטָ֑ר וְג׳ מִטְרוֹת עֻזּוֹ Job 37:6; מְטַר־גֶּשֶׁם Zechariah 10:1; compare ג׳ נְדָבוֹת Psalms 68:10; figuratively of blessing Ezekiel 34:26, ג׳ בְּרָכָה v Ezekiel 34:26; of destruction ג׳ שֹׁטֵף Ezekiel 13:11, Ezekiel 13:13 compare Ezekiel 38:22.

גַּשְׁמוּ

n.pr., see i. גֶּשֶׁם.

גֹּ֫שֶׁן

n.pr.location (on etym. compare Dillmann Genesis 45:10)—

district in Egypt E. of lower Nile, see Eb ^{GS 500 ff.}; Naville ^{Goshen, 1887}, who reads hierogl. Kesem, but compare Groff ^{JAs xiv. 527} (Septuagint Γεσεμ (Ἀραβιας))—אֶרֶץ גֹּשֶׁן Genesis 45:10 Genesis 46:34; Genesis 47:1, Genesis 47:4, Genesis 47:6, Genesis 47:27; Genesis 50:8; Exodus 8:18; Exodus 9:26 (all J); אַ֫רְצָה גֹּשֶׁן Genesis 46:28; גֹּ֑שְׁנָה v Genesis 46:28, Genesis 46:29 (both J), in both Septuagint καθʼ Ἡρώων πόλιν compare Dillmann (P has land רעמסס Genesis 47:11 etc., compare Dillmann Genesis 45:10).

ארץ הַגֹּשֶׁן Joshua 11:16, אֶרֶץ גֹּשֶׁן Joshua 10:41, גֹּשֶׁן Joshua 15:51 (Septuagint in all Γοσομ) a city named with חֹלֹן & גִּלֹה compare Dillmann.—not clearly located, but on southern border of Judah.

גְּשׁוּר

n.pr.m. (bridge? or land of bridges? compare Wetzstein ^{Haurgran, 82}).

of people, = הַגְּשׁוּרִי Joshua 13:13 compare I Chronicles 2:23.

of land מֶלֶךְ גְּשׁוּר II Samuel 3:3; II Samuel 13:37 compare v II Samuel 13:38 (but text in disorder compare Septuagint Wellhausen Driver) II Samuel 14:32; II Samuel 15:8 בִּגְּ׳ בַּאֲרָם I Chronicles 3:2, גְּשׁוּרָה II Samuel 14:23; a territory E. of the upper Jordan, exact limits unknown; according to Guthe ^{ZPV xii. 1889, 232 f.} between Gilead and Hermon, in Jaulân; according to Furrer ^{ib. xiii. 1890, 198} = the Ledjah, district E. of Jaulân, with town Jisre; against him Guthe ^{ib. 285 f.}

גַּת

wine-press.

גַּת²

n.pr.

גִּתַּיִם

n.pr.location

גַּת³

noun (fem.) wine-press (contracted from גַּנְתְּ = יְגַנְתְּ)—absolute גַּת Judges 6:11 + 3 times; גִּתּוֹת Nehemiah 13:15;—wine-press, literally חֹבֵט חִטִּים בַּגַּת Judges 6:11 beating out wheat in the wine-press, to hide it from Midian; the juice of the grapes was pressed out by treading, דֹּרֵךְ בְּג֑ת Isaiah 63:2 (in sim.), but also as direct object דֹּרְכִים גִּתּוֹת Nehemiah 13:15; in figuratively of judgment, גַּת דָּרַךְ אֲדֹנָי לִבְתוּלַת וגו׳ Lamentations 1:15 a wine-press hath Adonay trodden for the virgin daughter of Judah; also רְדוּ כִּי מָֽלְאָה גַּת Joel 4:13 (רדה only here with גַּת).—On the form and use of wine-press, and Hebrew synonyms, see Smith^DB (art. wine-press) Benz^{Arch.. 212 f.} Rob^{BR iii, 137} Schick^{ZPV x, 1887, 146, 150, and Pl. see vii.} Anderlind^{ZPV xi, 1888, 166 f.}

גַּת⁴

n.pr.location (wine-press)—Philistine city Septuagint Γεθ, Vulgate Geth, Jos^Ant. vi. 12, 2 etc., Γιττα (ed. Niese), exact site unknown (see GASm^{Geog. 194 ff.}), named with Gaza and Ashdod Joshua 11:22 as home of remaining ʿAnaḳim; named with Ashdod, Gaza, Ashḳelon and ʿEḳron I Samuel 6:17; with Ashḳelon I Samuel 1:20; with Ashḳelon, Yabne and Ashdod II Chronicles 26:6; מֵעֶקְרוֹן וְעַד־גַּת I Samuel 7:14, compare I Samuel 17:52 and also v I Samuel 17:52 (read גַּת for גַּיְא Septuagint Wellhausen Driver); called גַּת פְּלִשְׁתִּים Amos 6:2; built up by Rehoboam, according to II Chronicles 11:8; taken by Hazael II Kings 12:18; also I Samuel 5:8; I Samuel 17:4, I Samuel 17:23 (of Goliath), compare II Samuel 21:20, II Samuel 21:22 = I Chronicles 20:6, I Chronicles 20:8; I Samuel 21:11, I Samuel 21:13; I Samuel 27:2, I Samuel 27:3, I Samuel 27:4, I Samuel 27:11 II Samuel 15:18 I Kings 2:39^(×2), I Kings 2:40, I Kings 2:41 Psalms 56:1 Micah 1:10, Micah 1:14 I Chronicles 7:21; I Chronicles 8:13, also I Chronicles 18:1 (but ‖ מֶתֶג אַמָּה II Samuel 8:1; on change of this into reading in Ch see Wellhausen); c. ה location, גַּ֫תָּה I Kings 2:40.