BDB — ר (282)

רֵאשׁ (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) ^{Daniel 7:6} head (Egyptian Aramaic, S-C^Pap.; Palmyrene רש; Targum רֵישׁ, Syriac ܪܺܝܫ; Biblical Hebrew רֹאשׁ);—construct ר׳ Daniel 7:1; emph. ה—ָ Daniel 2:38; with suffix רֵאשִׁי Daniel 4:2 +, ךְ—ָ Daniel 2:28, הּ—ֵ v Daniel 2:32 +, הּ—ַ Daniel 7:20, הוֹן—ֵ Daniel 3:27; plural absolute רֵאשִׁין Daniel 7:6, with suffix רָאשֵׁיהֹם (Kautzsch's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic §§ 53, Anm. b); 63 Guthe^{Haupt ad location}) Ezra 5:10;—

head of man Daniel 3:27, compare Daniel 7:9; in vision: of image Daniel 2:32, Daniel 2:38, beast Daniel 7:6, Daniel 7:20.

head as seat of visions, הֶזְוֵי רֵאשָׁךְ, etc., Daniel 2:28; Daniel 4:2, Daniel 4:7, Daniel 4:10; Daniel 7:1, Daniel 7:15.

= chief, בְּר׳ Ezra 5:10 in the capacity of their chiefs.

sum, essential content, of matters Daniel 7:1 (Nestle^{MM 40} beginning).

רַב (Aramaic)

adjective great (Targum Syriac);—absolute Daniel 2:31 +, construct v Daniel 2:14 +; emph. m. רַבָּא Ezra 4:10 +; f. רַבְּתָא Daniel 4:27; mpl. redupl. רַבְרְבִין (Kautzsch's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic § 59, 4) Daniel 3:33, fpl. -בָן Daniel 2:48 +, emph. תָא—ָ Daniel 7:11, Daniel 7:17;—

great, literally, of image Daniel 2:31, rock v Daniel 2:35, city Daniel 4:27, sea Daniel 7:2, beast v Daniel 7:3, Daniel 7:17, teeth v Daniel 7:7, gifts Daniel 2:48; great, imposing, feast Daniel 5:1, signs Daniel 3:33, words Daniel 7:8, Daniel 7:11, Daniel 7:20; c. מִן comp. Daniel 7:20.

figuratively of power, influence, etc.: great king Daniel 2:10 Ezra 4:10; Ezra 5:11 (compare Zinj. מלכן רברבן Cooke ¹⁸³), God Ezra 5:8 Daniel 2:45.

as n. = captain, chief: רַב טַבָּחַיָּא Daniel 2:14, ר׳ סִגְנִין v Daniel 2:48, ר׳ חַרְטֻמַּיָּא Daniel 4:6; Daniel 5:11.

רִבּוֹ (Aramaic)

(Kautzsch's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic § 65, 4) noun (fem.) myriad (Targum Syriac);—construct ר׳ + plural רבון Kesiv (read רִבְּוָן K^l.c.), רִבְבָן Keri Daniel 7:10 a myriad myriads.

רְבָה (Aramaic)

verb grow great (Targum Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew I. רבה);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ Daniel 4:8 +; 3rd feminine singular רְבָת v Daniel 4:19; 2nd masculine singular רְבַיְתָ Kesiv (> רְבַת Keri Kautzsch's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic § 47, Beisp. 1) a)) v Daniel 4:19;—grow tall and large, of tree Daniel 4:8, Daniel 4:17; grow long, of hair v Daniel 4:30; figuratively grow great, of king v Daniel 4:19, increase, of greatness v Daniel 4:19.

make great: past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular רַבִּי Daniel 2:48 c. ל direct object person

רְבִיעִי (Aramaic)

adjective num. ord. fourth;—f. absolute רביעיא Kesiv, רְבִיעָאָה Keri (Kautzsch's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic § 66, 1) Daniel 2:40; Daniel 3:25; Daniel 7:7, Daniel 7:23; emph. רְבִיעָֽיְתָא v Daniel 7:19, Daniel 7:23.

רוּחַ (Aramaic)

noun (fem.) ^{Daniel 5:12} wind, spirit;—ר׳ absolute Daniel 5:12; Daniel 6:4, construct Daniel 4:5 +, emph. רוּחָא Daniel 2:35; with suffix רוּחִי Daniel 7:15, הּ—ֵ Daniel 5:20; plural construct רוּחֵי Daniel 7:2;—

wind Daniel 2:35; Daniel 7:2.

spirit:

of man, Daniel 5:20; Daniel 7:15; as faculty of knowledge, ר׳ יַתִּירָא Daniel 5:12; Daniel 6:4.

ר׳ אֱלָהִין קַדִּישִׁין Daniel 4:5, Daniel 4:6, Daniel 4:15; Daniel 5:11, ר׳ א׳ v Daniel 5:14.

רֵיחַ (Aramaic)

noun (fem.) smell;—construct ר׳ נוּר Daniel 3:27.

רוּם (Aramaic)

verb rise (see Biblical Hebrew);—

past (עבר) intr. רִם Daniel 5:20 lifted up, of heart, that is presumptuous. Pōʿl. extol: participle (בינוני) מְרוֹמֵם Daniel 4:34 (ל dei).

exalt: participle (בינוני) מָרִים Daniel 5:19 (direct object person). Hithpōʿl. lift oneself up against, past (עבר) 2nd masculine singular הִתְרוֹמַמְתָּ Daniel 5:23 (על dei).

רוּם² (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) ^{Daniel 4:7} height;—with suffix רוּמֵהּ, of temple Ezra 6:3, image Daniel 3:1, tree in vision Daniel 4:7, Daniel 4:8, Daniel 4:17.

רָז (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) ^{Daniel 2:18} secret (Targum the same, Syriac ܪܳܙ, ܐܪܳܙ, ܪܳܐܙܳܐ; Pers. loan-word; = Phlv. rāž, N Pers. rāz Andr^{M 83 *});—absolute ר׳ Daniel 4:6, emph. רָזָא Daniel 2:18, Daniel 2:19, Daniel 2:27, Daniel 2:30, Daniel 2:47; plural absolute רָזִין v Daniel 2:28, Daniel 2:47, emph. רָזַיָּא v Daniel 2:29.

רְחוּם (Aramaic)

proper name (masc.) Persian official Ezra 4:8 (usually expl. from √ רחם, see Biblical Hebrew, p. 933; Scheft⁹² thinks poss. orig. רוחם, OIran. proper name rukma, = splendour).

רֵיחַ² (Aramaic)

רְעוּ (Aramaic)

noun (fem.) good pleasure, will;—construct רְעוּת of king Ezra 5:17, of God Ezra 7:18.

רַעְיוֹן (Aramaic)

n. m. Daniel 4:16 thought;—plural construct רַעְיוֹנֵי לִבְבָךְ Daniel 2:30; with suffix -נַי Daniel 7:28; -ניך Kesiv, -נָךְ Keri (Kautzsch's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic § 53 Anm. b)) Daniel 2:29; Daniel 5:10, רַעְיֹנֹ֫הִי Daniel 4:16; Daniel 5:6.

רְשַׁם (Aramaic)

verb inscribe, sign (Targum Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew (once, late));—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ Daniel 6:10; 2nd masculine singular רְשַׁ֫מָתָּ v Daniel 6:13, רְשַׁ֑מְתָּ v Daniel 6:14; future (עתיד) 2nd masculine singular (וְ)תִרְשֻׁם v Daniel 6:9;—inscribe (probably with one’s name, that is) sign, direct object כְּתָבָא Daniel 6:9, Daniel 6:10, אֱסָר v Daniel 6:13, Daniel 6:14. Peʿîl past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular רְשִׁים, subj. כְּתָבָא:

be inscribed, written, Daniel 5:24, Daniel 5:25.

be signed Daniel 6:11.

רֶ֫שֶׁת

noun (fem.) ^{Shemos 27:5} net;—absolute רֶשֶׁת Hoshea 5:1 + 11 times; רָ֑שֶׁת Mishlei 1:17; construct רֶשֶׁת Shemos 27:4; Shemos 38:4; with suffix רִשְׁתִּי Hoshea 7:12 + 2 times; רִשְׁתּוֹ Tehillim 10:9; Tehillim 35:8; רִשְׁתָּם Yechezkel 19:8 Tehillim 35:7;—

net:

for catching (birds, etc.) חִנָּם מְזֹרָה הָרָ֑שֶׁת Mishlei 1:17 to no purpose is the net spread in the eyes of any bird; elsewhere figuratively (1) of judgment of י׳, all c. פרשׂ: Hoshea 7:12 (‖ כְּעוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם אוֹרִידֵם), Yechezkel 12:13; Yechezkel 17:20 (both ‖ מְצוּדָתִי), Yechezkel 32:3 (of י׳ catching Pharaoh, under figuratively of sea-monster; ‖ ii. חֵרֶם); (2) of nations capturing king of Israel under figuratively of lion Yechezkel 19:8 (c. פרשׂ; ‖ שַׁחְתָּם); (3) of priests and rulers (as entangling people in sin) Hoshea 5:1 (‖ פַּח).

spread for feet of man (figuratively): (1) by י׳ Eicha 1:13 (c. פָּרַשׂ); (2) by wicked (= plot) Mishlei 29:5 (c. פרשׂ), Tehillim 140:6 (c. the same; ‖ טָמַן פַּח), Tehillim 10:9; Tehillim 25:15, שֻׁלַּח בְּרֶשֶׁת בְּרַגְלָיו Iyov 18:8 (‖ שְׂבָכָה); elsewhere c. טמן Tehillim 9:16 (‖ שַׁחַת), Tehillim 31:5; Tehillim 35:7 (שַׁחַת רִשְׁתָּם), v Tehillim 35:8; c. הֵכִין Tehillim 57:7 (‖ שִׁיחָה).

brazen network for altar of tabern. הָרֶשֶׁת Shemos 27:4, Shemos 27:5; מִכְבָּר מַעֲשֵׂה ר׳ נְחשֶׁת Shemos 27:4 = Shemos 38:4 (all P).—On infinitive (מקור) רֶשֶׁת, see ירשׁ above

רָאָה

Devarim 14:13 textual error; see דָּאָה.

רָאָה²

verb see (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; וארא Mesha Inscription⁴, הראני l⁷, compare רית spectacle l¹²; Sabean ראי see, expect, D.H. Müller ^{ZMG xxix (1875), 596, 599}; Arabic رَأَى see, so Ethiopic ርእየ: Targum רֵו, רֵיוָא human appearance, features, etc. (compare Hebrew רֳאִי 2));—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ Breishis 29:10 +, with suffix וְרָֽאֲךָ consec. Shemos 4:14, רָאָהוּ Melachim Beis 2:12 +; 3rd feminine singular רָֽאֲתָה Breishis 38:14, with suffix רָאָֽתְךָ Iyov 42:5; 2nd masculine singular רָאִיתָ Breishis 20:10 +, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְאֶה Breishis 22:8 +, juss. יֵרֵא Breishis 41:33 (Baer Gi, Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 75 p, hh Konig^i.561; van d. H. יֵרֶא), יֵ֫רֶא Shemos 5:21 +, וַיַּרְא Breishis 18:2 + (Shmuel Alef 19:20 read plural Septuagint commentaries, that is וַיִּרְאֻ Driver^{Smend lxiii}), with suffix יִרְאַנִי Shemos 33:20, וַיִּרְאֵ֑נִי Shmuel Beis 1:7; 3rd feminine singular תִּרְאֶה Vayikra 20:17; Iyov 33:28, juss. תֵּרֵא Micha 7:10; Zecharia 9:5 (Baer Gi, compare Gesenius Konig above; van d. H. תֵּרֶא), וַתֵּ֫רֶא Breishis 3:6 +; i s. אֶרְאֶה Breishis 21:16 +, וָאֵרֶא Breishis 31:10 +, etc.; imperative (ציווי) רְאֵה Breishis 27:27 +, etc.; infinitive (מקור) absolute רָאֹה Shemos 3:7 +, רָאוֹ Breishis 26:28; Yeshaya 6:9; construct רְאֹה Breishis 48:11, רְאוֹת Shemos 10:28 +, רַאֲוָה Yechezkel 28:17, etc.; participle (בינוני) active רֹאֶה Breishis 13:15 +, etc.; passive רְאֻיוֹת (Baer Gi; van d. H. רְאֻיּוֹת):—

see, subj. עַיִן, עֵינַיִם, with a direct object person Yeshaya 6:5; Yeshaya 30:20; Yirmiya 42:2 + 5 times Jb Pr; subj. person, with a direct object person Breishis 12:12, Breishis 12:15 + (מִי רָאָהוּ Shmuel Alef 23:22, read הַמְּהֵרָה Septuagint Th Wellhausen and elsewhere [not H.P. Smith]); רֹאִי Shmuel Alef 16:13 (pt. with suffix, compareבְּאֵר לַחַי רֹאִי v Shmuel Alef 23:14, p. 91 above); direct object of God Breishis 32:31 (פָּנִים אֶל־פָּנִים); direct object person om. Breishis 18:2; Breishis 19:1 +; with a direct object פְּנֵי Breishis 31:2; Breishis 46:30; Breishis 48:11; Shemos 33:20, opposite אֶת־אֲחֹרָ֑י v Shemos 33:23; with a direct object פְּנֵי specif. of having access to man of rank Breishis 43:3, Breishis 43:5 + (see [פָּנֶה] 2 b).

see, with a direct object rei: subj. עַיִן, עֵינַיִם Yehoshua 24:7 Shmuel Alef 24:11 (van d. H. Baer; v Shmuel Alef 24:10 Gi), Devarim 3:21 + 5 times Dt, +; וְעֵינָיו אֶת־עֵינָיו תִּרְאֶינָה Yirmiya 32:4, compare Yirmiya 34:3; direct object om. Shmuel Beis 24:3 Devarim 21:7 + 9 times (לִרְאוֹת Shmuel Alef 6:13 read לִקְרָאתוֹ Septuagint Wellhausen Driver Kittel Budde H.P. Smith Nowack); subj. person Breishis 13:15; Breishis 31:12 + very often; with a direct object cogn. מַרְאֶה Shemos 3:3 + 7 times, מַרְאָה Daniel 10:7^(×2), Daniel 10:8, חָזוֹן Daniel 8:15, חֶזְיֹנוֹת Yoel 3:1; hence see absolute = receive revelation, Yeshaya 30:10 (‖ חזה), compareYechezkel 13:3 and see 1. רֹאֶה; c.direct object עֶרְוָה, see ע׳, p. 788 f.; see war, that is see it impending Shemos 13:17; ר׳ אֶת־הַקּוֹלֹת וְאֶת־הַלַּפִּידִים Shemos 20:15 (Gi v Shemos 13:15); רֹאֵי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Koheles 7:11 those who see the sun = living men; direct object rei om. Shemos 22:9 Shmuel Beis 13:5 +, וָאֶרְאֶה בֶּחָזוֹן Daniel 8:2^(×2) (absolute); לֹא יֵדעוּ רְלֹא יִרְאוּ Nechemia 4:5; עֵינֵי רֹאִים Yeshaya 32:3, מְקוֹם רֹאִים Iyov 34:26; c. adverb or adverb phr. instead of direct object rei: כָּהֵנָּה Breishis 41:19 compare Yeshaya 66:8; Yechezkel 1:27^(×2), כַּאֲשֶׁר Melachim Beis 2:19; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:8; Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:7; Iyov 4:8; Yechezkel 16:50; Daniel 1:13, כֵּן Tehillim 48:9.

see, followed by direct object + cl. or phr. of closer design.: (1) + epex. cl. c. כִּי, direct object person Breishis 6:2 saw them that they were fair, Breishis 12:14 (both J), Shemos 2:2; Shemos 32:25 (both E), Melachim Alef 11:28, direct object of face + the same Breishis 31:5, Shemos 34:25; direct object rei Breishis 49:15 (poem), Yeshaya 22:9; Breishis 1:4, Koheles 2:24; Koheles 4:4 and probably Melachim Beis 14:26 (reading כִּי מַר הוּא); (2) ר׳ כָּל־הַבָּא עָלָיו וְעָמָ֑ד Shmuel Beis 20:12; (3) + adjective (incl. pt.), direct object person Breishis 7:1, Amos 9:1; Shmuel Beis 18:10 + 39 times (Yirmiya 46:5 del. ר׳ Septuagint Giesebrecht), + direct object אֲשֶׁר Shemos 14:13^(×2); direct object rei, †Shemos 23:5; Shemos 33:10 (both E), Devarim 22:4; Yechezkel 33:3, Yechezkel 33:6; Daniel 1:10; Daniel 8:4, Daniel 8:6, Daniel 8:7; †(4) + מָה, direct object rei Bamidbar 13:18, Chaggai 2:3; †(5) + preposition phr., direct object person Shemos 5:19, Zecharia 4:10; Koheles 10:7; Esther 5:9; direct object rei + בִּכְבוֹדוֹ Chaggai 2:3, + ב person Yirmiya 23:13, Yirmiya 23:14, + כ person Shoftim 9:36, כ rei Shmuel Beis 18:27; (6) direct object person + adverb direct object + כ person Yirmiya 30:6.

see, so as to learn to know: with a direct object person Devarim 33:9 (‖ הִכִּיר, יַדַע);with a direct object rei Devarim 1:19, Devarim 1:31; Devarim 11:2; Iyov 11:11 (‖ יַדַע), Tehillim 16:10; Tehillim 49:10; = have experience of, Yirmiya 5:12; Yirmiya 14:13; Yirmiya 20:18; Yirmiya 42:14; Tzefania 3:15; Tehillim 89:49; Koheles 5:17, שֵׁנָה בְּעֵינָיו אֵינֶנּוּ רֹאֶה Koheles 8:16; מָה ראית Breishis 20:10 that is what hast thou encountered, that …? Bacher^{journal ZAW xix (1899), 345 ff.; Terminol. 177 f.}

absolute see, have (power of) vision, Breishis 27:1, Breishis 18:21, Shmuel Alef 3:2; Shmuel Alef 4:15; Melachim Alef 14:4, miraculous Melachim Beis 6:17^(×2), Melachim Beis 6:20^(×2); denied of idols Devarim 4:28 Tehillim 115:5; Tehillim 135:16; figuratively of spiritual vision Yeshaya 6:10; Yeshaya 29:18; Yeshaya 42:18; Yeshaya 44:18; Yirmiya 5:21; Devarim 29:3; Yechezkel 12:2^(×2) Tehillim 40:13; Tehillim 69:24; עַיִן רֹאָה Mishlei 20:12.—Shmuel Alef 14:27 read Keri see אור.

see = perceive:

followed by cl. c. כִּי, Shemos 3:4; Shemos 8:11; Breishis 1:10, Breishis 1:12 + often (Shmuel Alef 23:15 read וַיִּרָא and he feared Wellhausen Driver Kittel Budde H.P. Smith Nowack); om. כִּי (late) †Eicha 1:10 Tehillim 49:11 Koheles 3:16; followed by מָה of indirect question Breishis 2:19, Breishis 37:20, Shoftim 9:48; Devarim 32:20; Yirmiya 7:17; Yirmiya 33:24; Yechezkel 8:6; Yonah 4:5 +; בַּמָּה Shoftim 16:5 compare Shmuel Alef 14:38, כַּמָּה Zecharia 2:6 Tehillim 35:17; followed by מִי of indirect question Shmuel Alef 14:17; Yeshaya 40:26; Eicha 2:20 (+ הַבִּיטָה); followed by אֵי Shmuel Alef 26:16, אֵיכֹה Melachim Beis 6:13, אֵיפֹה Yirmiya 3:2; followed by cl. c. הֲ whether, Breishis 8:8; Breishis 18:21; Bamidbar 11:23 (all J), Shemos 4:18, Tehillim 14:2; Tehillim 53:3 Shir HaShirim 6:11 b Esther 3:4, אִם whether Yirmiya 30:6; Eicha 1:12 Tehillim 139:24 Shir HaShirim 7:13, אֲשֶׁר that or how Shmuel Alef 18:15, אֵי Koheles 2:3, שֶׁ that v Koheles 2:13, שְׁ Koheles 3:18.

with a direct object צָרַת נַפִשׁוֹ Breishis 42:21 (that is saw it by out-ward signs), compare Hoshea 5:13. [Note, under 5 (rarely in other cases, and only S K Je), †imperative (ציווי) + ידע imperative (ציווי): דַּע וּרְאֵה Shmuel Alef 24:12; Shmuel Beis 24:13; Melachim Alef 20:22; דְּעִי וּרְאִי Shmuel Alef 25:17; Yirmiya 2:19; דְּעוּ וּרְאוּ Shmuel Alef 12:17; Shmuel Alef 14:38; Shmuel Alef 23:22; Melachim Alef 20:7; Melachim Beis 5:7; in reverse order, רְאוּ וּדְעוּ Shmuel Alef 23:23; Yirmiya 5:1.].

look at, see, by direct volition:

subj. men, with a direct object rei, Breishis 9:22, Breishis 9:23, Breishis 42:9, Breishis 42:12, Vayikra 13:3, Vayikra 13:15 +; with a direct object of land = reconnoitre Yehoshua 2:1; look at sun, etc., for worship †Devarim 4:19; Iyov 31:26; = inspect Melachim Alef 9:12; Vayikra 14:36^(×2); with a direct object person Bamidbar 24:20, Bamidbar 24:21, Shemos 2:25; Vayikra 13:3, Vayikra 13:5 (all P), Shmuel Alef 9:16 +, (Shmuel Alef 19:15 H.P. Smith proposes אֶל־בֵּית for לִרְאוֹת); c. preposition ר׳ אַחֲרִי רֹאִי Breishis 16:13 I have looked after one seeing me (interpr. see Dillmann).

subj. God, with a direct object rei Breishis 9:16; = inspect Breishis 11:5; look at with favour, direct object person Iyov 37:24 Tehillim 138:6; so perhaps figuratively, subj. man, regard, with a direct object אָוֶן Tehillim 66:18 (Hupfeld-Nowack; Cheyne Baethgen Driver and elsewhere intend); look with pleasure (direct object om., + מִן by reason of, as a fruit of) Yeshaya 53:11 (si vera l.; ins. direct object אוֹר Septuagint Houb Klostermann Duhm Cheyne^Haupt Kittel [perhaps], with Hiph. יַרְאֵה Septuagint Duhm Cheyne^Haupt, rescues from travail his soul, makes it see light).

without direct object, look, take a look, etc. (of man and God; often + וְהִנֵּה), Breishis 8:13; Breishis 18:2;Shemos 3:2; Vayikra 13:8; Eicha 3:50 (מִן location), Breishis 13:14 (מִן location + ה location), Devarim 3:27; Yechezkel 40:4; Yechezkel 44:5 (all בְּעֵינֶיךָ), + often; peculiarly, מִמֶּנִּי תִרְאוּ וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּ Shoftim 7:17 (compare G.F. Moore).

look after, see after, learn about, with a direct object rei Breishis 37:14, with a direct object person = visit (go to see) Shmuel Alef 15:35; Shmuel Alef 20:29; Shmuel Beis 13:5, Shmuel Beis 13:6; Melachim Beis 8:29 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 22:6; Melachim Beis 9:16, compare Yechezkel 20:28, עֵין רֹאִי Iyov 7:8 (Dillmann Budde and elsewhere).

observe, watch, absolute Shmuel Alef 6:9, Shmuel Alef 6:16; Shmuel Alef 17:28; Koheles 8:16 (‖ ידע).

look upon = endure to see, with a direct object rei Chavakuk 1:13 (‖ הִבִּיט).

look out, find out, direct object person Melachim Beis 9:2; Breishis 41:33, + ל person Shmuel Alef 16:17; select, direct object person + מִן from among Melachim Beis 10:3, + ב among + ל person Shmuel Alef 16:1; provide, furnish, with a direct object rei Devarim 33:21 (poem), + ל person Breishis 22:8, compare absolute י׳ יִרְאֶה as proper name (place) = י׳ seeth v Breishis 22:14 a (E;? read יֵרָאֶה, compare v b, Niph. and Dillmann); רְאֻיוֹת Esther 2:9 looked out = suitable (as often Mishnaic Hebrew).

look at = concern oneself about, direct object rei (+ בְּיָדוֹ) Breishis 39:23.

of mental observation:

imperative (ציווי) see! observe! consider! exclam. (nearly = הִנֵּה), followed by cl.: Breishis 27:27; Breishis 31:50 see! God is witness Breishis 39:14; Breishis 41:41; Shemos 4:21; Devarim 1:8 +; followed by nom. independ. Shmuel Beis 24:22 (‖ Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:23 followed by cl.).

look at, that is inquire into, a matter, direct object rei om., of י׳, Shmuel Alef 24:16 (Gi v Shmuel Alef 24:15).

give attention to, direct object rei, Yirmiya 2:31, absolute give attention! Shmuel Beis 13:28; Melachim Beis 6:32; Shemos 25:40 Tehillim 45:11; take heed to, direct object rei, Melachim Alef 12:16 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 10:16; absolute take heed! Shemos 10:10, + פֶּן Melachim Beis 10:23.

discern, לִבִּי ר׳ חָכְמָה Koheles 1:16, ר׳ טוֹב Koheles 3:13.

distinguish, c. בֵּין … לְ of person Malachi 3:18;

consider, reflect, Koheles 7:14 (followed by cl orat. rect.).

c. ב, literally, look into, hence look at with interest (Germ. ‘sich vertiefen in’): (1) gaze at Shmuel Alef 6:19 (on context see Wellhausen Driver H.P. Smith), so as to become acquainted with Breishis 34:1; so as to find out Koheles 3:22; inspect liver (for omens) Yechezkel 21:26; somewhat weakened = behold Iyov 3:9; Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:3 Tehillim 64:9. (2) look at with kindness, helpfulness, of י׳, בָּעֳנִי Breishis 29:32; Shmuel Alef 1:11 (+ inf. absolute), Shmuel Beis 16:12, בַּצַּר Tehillim 106:44. (3) upon a spectacle causing anger Shemos 2:11, grief Breishis 21:16;, Breishis 44:34; Bamidbar 11:15 (both J), Melachim Beis 22:20 (subj. עֵינַיִם) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:28; Esther 8:6^(×2), abhorrence Yeshaya 66:24. (4) gaze at with apprehension Koheles 11:4. (5) with joy, pleasure, Melachim Beis 10:16; Micha 7:9; Yirmiya 29:32; Yeshaya 52:8 (עַיִן בְּעַיִן, compare Niph. Bamidbar 14:14); Iyov 20:17; Iyov 33:28 Tehillim 54:9; Tehillim 106:5; Tehillim 128:5; Shir HaShirim 3:11; Shir HaShirim 6:11 a Koheles 2:1. (6) especially with exultation, triumph = feast eyes upon, sometimes gloat over enemies (compare Mesha Inscription⁷) Shoftim 16:27; Micha 7:10; Yechezkel 28:17 Ovadia 1:12, Ovadia 1:13 Tehillim 22:18; Tehillim 54:9; Tehillim 112:8; Tehillim 118:7.

c. אֶל Yirmiya 4:23. Yeshaya 17:7 (subj. עֵינַיִם; ‖ שָׁעָה עַל); עַל person Shemos 5:21; ר׳ עַל־הָאָבְנָ֑יִם Shemos 1:16 see [אֹבֶן] and commentaries, also Spiegelb^{ZA xiv (June 1900), 269 ff.}.

c. ל, הָאָדָם יִר׳ לַעֵינַיִם וְיהוה יִר׳ לַלֵּבָב Shmuel Alef 16:7, מִי יִרְאֶה־לָּ֑מוֹ Tehillim 64:6.—Corrupt is וּרְאִתַנִי כְתוֹר הָאָדָם Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:17 (and ‖ וְזֹאת תּוֹרַת הָאָדָם Shmuel Beis 7:19), read וַתַּרְאֵנִי (with other changes) Wellhausen Driver Kau Budde H.P. Smith Nowack; Yechezkel 12:12; read probably Niph. Septuagint Hitzig Co Krae; Micha 6:9; read probably יִרְאָה compare Nowack G.A. Smith.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular נִרְאָה Breishis 48:3 +, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יֵרָאֶה Breishis 22:14 +, juss. יֵרָא Shemos 34:3; Vayikra 9:6, וַיֵּרָא Breishis 12:7 +; 1st singular וָאֵרָא Shemos 6:3; etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. הֵרָאֵה Melachim Alef 18:1; infinitive (מקור) construct לְהֵרָאוֹת Shmuel Alef 17:17 +, לֵרָאוֹת Yeshaya 1:12 + 2 times, הֵרָאֹה Shoftim 13:21; Shmuel Alef 3:21; etc.;—

appear, especially

of י׳ (God): c. אֶל person Breishis 12:7^(×2) + 6 times J, Breishis 35:1, v Breishis 35:9 Breishis 48:3; Shemos 6:3; (בְּאֵל שַׁדַּי, ב essent.), Vayikra 9:4 (all P), Melachim Alef 3:5; Melachim Alef 9:2^(×2) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:12; Melachim Alef 11:9; c. ל person Yirmiya 31:3; Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:1 (ins. י׳ Septuagint Kau Kittel); absolute Breishis 22:14 in the mt. where י׳ appeareth (probably, Dillmann Stade ^{G i. 450} Driver^{Hast. DB ii. 563}; E), Bamidbar 14:14; (עַיִן בְּעַיִן, v Yeshaya 52:8 Qal 8 a (5)), Vayikra 16:2 (P; ב location + עַל), Shmuel Alef 3:21 (ב location), Shmuel Beis 22:11 (עַל־כַּנְפֵי־רוּחַ; < וַיֵּדֶא ‖ Tehillim 18:11), + 5 times; of מַלְאַךְ י׳, c. אֶל person Shemos 3:2, Shoftim 13:21; of כְּבוֹד י׳; c. אֶל person Vayikra 9:6, Vayikra 9:23; Bamidbar 14:10 (ב location), Bamidbar 16:19; Bamidbar 20:6 (all P), Shoftim 6:12; Shoftim 13:3; עַל person Yeshaya 60:2; absolute Shemos 16:10 (ב location), Bamidbar 17:7 (both P).

appear, of man, = present oneself: c. אֶל person Breishis 46:29, Shoftim 13:10; Melachim Alef 18:1, Melachim Alef 18:2, Melachim Alef 18:15; Vayikra 13:7^(×2), Vayikra 13:19, אֶל of God Tehillim 84:8 (ב location), אֶל־פְּנֵי הָאָדֹן Shemos 23:17; absolute Yeshaya 16:12 (del. as dittogr. Lo Duhm Cheyne^Haupt Marti and elsewhere); especially (Mass.) followed by אֶת־פְּנֵי) of י׳, rendered appear before י׳: so וְנִרְאָה Shmuel Alef 1:22, יֵרָאֶה Shemos 34:23, Devarim 16:16, וְאֵרָאֶה Tehillim 42:3, יֵרָאוּ Shemos 23:15, Shemos 34:20, Devarim 16:16, לֵרָאוֹת Shemos 34:24, Devarim 31:11; Yeshaya 1:12; read probably in all Qal (see [פָּנֶה] II. 2).

appear, of things: late (Hexateuch only P), absolute Breishis 1:9; Breishis 8:5, c. ב location Breishis 9:14; Vayikra 13:14, Vayikra 13:57; elsewhere poet. Tehillim 18:16 = Shmuel Beis 22:16, Tehillim 90:16 Mishlei 27:25 (of דֶּשֶׁא), Shir HaShirim 2:12 (ב location; of blossoms); subj. מַרְאֵיהֶם Daniel 1:15 (+ adjective pred.), v Daniel 1:13 (+ לְפָנֶיךָ); subj. חָזוֹן, c. אֶל person Daniel 8:1^(×2); subj. כְּנֶגַע Vayikra 14:35 (c. ל person).

be seen:

subj. rei, Melachim Alef 10:12 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:11 (where כָּהֶם subj.) Yechezkel 19:11, of sins Yechezkel 21:29 (‖ חִגָּלוֹת), subj. כָּזֹאת Shoftim 19:30, כְּאֶבֶן etc. Yechezkel 10:1.

subj. person Shmuel Beis 17:17 (+ לָבוֹא) be seen to come.

be seen = occur Melachim Beis 23:24 (ב location); = exist, + ל person Shemos 13:7^(×2), Devarim 16:4, compare Yechezkel 10:8; = be present, + ב location Shoftim 5:8 Shemos 34:3.

be visible, Shemos 33:23 (subj. י׳’s face), אֵין אֶבֶן נִרְאָה Melachim Alef 6:18, Melachim Alef 8:8^(×2) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:9^(×2), Yirmiya 13:26 Yeshaya 47:3.

past (עבר) 3rd plural עַצְמֹתָיו לֹא רֻאוּ Iyov 33:21 (Baer Gi; d. f. Ki Konig^{i. 41, 563}, Mappik\ Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 14 d; van d. H. רֻאוּ), appar. his bones are not seen, detected; De which were (formerly) not seen; Dillmann are insignificant (‘unscheinbar’), so Baethgen; probably corrupt, Budde נָאווּ, Duhm del. as doublet.

recipr. look at each other: future (עתיד) 2nd masculine plural לָ֫מָּה תִּתְרָאוּ Breishis 42:1; techn. 3rd masculine plural וַיִּתְרָאוּ פָנִים Melachim Beis 14:11 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:21 and they looked each other in the face, that is met in combat, so i plural נִתְרָאֶה פ׳ Melachim Beis 14:8 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:17, compare (perhaps) Melachim Beis 23:29, where Winckler Benzinger conjunction כְּהִתְרָאוֹת אִתּוֹ (or Niph. כְּהֵרָאוֹת אִתּוֹ) for Masoretic Text כִּרְאֹתוֹ אֹתוֹ.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הֶרְאָה Breishis 41:28 +, with suffix הִרְאַנִי Amos 7:1 +, הֶרְאָ֑נִי Yechezkel 11:25, הֶרְאָנוּ Devarim 5:18; Shoftim 13:23, הֶרְאֲךָ Devarim 4:36; i s. וְהַרְאֵיתִ֫י Nachum 3:5 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 53 p), with suffix הֶרְאִיתִיךָ Devarim 34:4, הִרְאִיתִים Yeshaya 39:4 compare ‖ Melachim Beis 20:15, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יַרְאֶה Yeshaya 30:30, וַיַּרְא Melachim Beis 11:4, with suffix יַרְאֵנִי Bamidbar 23:3 Tehillim 59:11; i s. with suffix אַרְאֶךָּ Breishis 12:1 +, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. with suffix הַרְאֵנִי Shemos 33:18, etc.; infinitive (מקור) construct הַרְאוֹת Devarim 3:24 +, with suffix הַרְאוֹתְכָה Yechezkel 40:4, לַרְאֹתְכֶם Devarim 1:33, etc.; participle (בינוני) מַרְאֶה Shemos 25:9 Yechezkel 40:4;—

cause one to see something, shew: (1) subj. man, with a direct object person + rei, Bamidbar 13:26 b, Shoftim 1:24, Shoftim 1:25; Melachim Beis 20:13^(×2), Melachim Beis 20:15 = Yeshaya 39:2^(×2), Yeshaya 39:4 + 4 times, direct object rei om. Yechezkel 40:4; Esther 4:8, direct object refl. נַפְשׁוֹ + direct object rei Koheles 2:24; מִי יַרְאֵנוּ טוֹב Tehillim 4:7, direct object person om., = exhibit Esther 1:4; c. 2 direct object person Shoftim 4:22; Melachim Beis 11:4. (2) especially subj. י׳ (God), with a direct object person + rei, Breishis 12:1; Shemos 9:16 (both J), Breishis 41:28; Breishis 48:11 (both E), Shemos 33:18; Devarim 34; 1 b (both ), Devarim 3:24; Devarim 4:36; Devarim 5:18; Yehoshua 5:6, Shemos 25:9, Shoftim 13:23 + 5 times + (of revelation to prophets) Bamidbar 23:3, Yirmiya 38:21; Yechezkel 11:25, also, with a direct object rei cogn., Bamidbar 8:4, direct object rei om. Devarim 34:4, direct object person om. = exhibit, Yeshaya 30:30; of visions, י׳ subj., with a direct object person + כֹּה Amos 7:1, Amos 7:4, Amos 7:7; Amos 8:1, + כַּאֲשֶׁר Shemos 27:8, with a direct object person only = cause to see [a vision] Yirmiya 24:1; c. 2 direct object person + appos. Melachim Beis 8:13, direct object person + cl. c. כִּי v Melachim Beis 8:10. (3) subj. angel, direct object person + rei, of revelation to prophet Zecharia 2:3; Zecharia 3:1; direct object person + cl. c. מָה Zecharia 1:9.

cause to experience something, with a direct object person + rei, subj. י׳, Chavakuk 1:3 Tehillim 60:5; Tehillim 71:20; Tehillim 85:8.

cause to look intently at, to behold, with a direct object person + ב rei (compare Qal 8), subj. י׳:

cause to gaze at, with joy Tehillim 50:23; Tehillim 91:16.

in exultation, cause to feast one’s eyes upon, fallen enemies Tehillim 59:11 (compare Mesha Inscription4).

in weakened sense, cause to behold Devarim 1:33 (compare Driver).

be caused to see, be shewn: past (עבר) 2nd masculine singular הָרְאֵיתָ, subj. man, direct object rei, Shemos 26:30 (P; ב location); so participle (בינוני) מָרְאֶה Shemos 25:40 (P; ב location); followed by inf. אַתָּה הָרְאֵתָ לָדַעַת כִּי Devarim 4:35.

be exhibited to, subj. rei, direct object person, past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular consec. וְהָרְאָה אֶת־הַכֹּהֵן Vayikra 13:49.

רָאֶה

adjective seeing, assumed by Gesenius' Thesaurus and elsewhere to explain construct וּרְאֵה עָנְיִי Iyov 10:15, but improb.; Mass. appar. intended imperative (ציווי) (unsuitable); Ewald and elsewhere וְרֹאֵה; Dillmann Budde Duhm (After Lagarde Gei) רְוֵה עֹ֑נִי drenched (that is sated) with affliction.

רֹאֶה

n.[m.] seer, c. art. הָר׳ (except Shmuel Beis 15:27);—old name for נָבִיא Shmuel Alef 9:9, used of Sam. v Shmuel Alef 9:9, Shmuel Alef 9:11, Shmuel Alef 9:18, Shmuel Alef 9:19 and (as archaism) Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:22; Divrei HaYamim Alef 26:28; Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:29; of חֲנָנִי Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:7, Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:10; הֲרוֹאִה appar. of Zadok Shmuel Beis 15:27, but crpt. (conjunction in Wellhausen Driver); plural (c. preposition) לָרֹאִים Yeshaya 30:10 the seers, as a class.

רֹאֶה²

n.[m.] prophetic vision שָׁגוּ בָּר׳ Yeshaya 28:7 they reel in (their) vision (‖ פָּקוּ פְּלִילִיָּה).

רֹאֶה³

proper name (masc.) Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:52, see רְאָיָה below

רַאֲוָה

Yechezkel 28:17 see √ Qal infinitive (מקור), and 8 a (6).

רְאוּת

noun (fem.) look;—construct רְאוּת עֵינָיו Koheles 5:10 Keri (Kesiv ראית).

רְאָיָה

proper name (masc.) (י׳ hath seen);—

Judaite Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:2 (Ραδα, A Ρεια, SeptuagintL Ρεαα), = iii. הָרֹאֶה Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:52 (crpt.; Αιω, A Αραα).

Reubenite Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:5, Ρηχα, SeptuagintL Ραια.

post-ex. name Ezra 2:47 (Ρεηλ A SeptuagintL Ραια) = Nechemia 7:49 (Ραεα, A SeptuagintL Ρααια).

רְאוּבֵן

proper name (masc.) Reuben, Ρουβην[ιν] (behold a son! but Breishis 29:32 makes = רָאָה בְּעָנְיִי(!); Jos^{Ant. i, 19, 7 and elsewhere} Ρουβηλος, Peshitta ܪܘܽܒܝܺܠ, ר׳ then perhaps = Arabic رِيبَالٌ lion, compare Dillmann);—

eldest son of Jacob and Leah Breishis 29:32; Breishis 30:14 + 11 times Gn, Shemos 1:2; Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:1; as head of family or clan Shemos 6:14^(×2); Bamidbar 1:20; Bamidbar 26:5 (all P), Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:1, Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:3, compare בְּנֵי אֱלִיאָב בֶּן־רְא׳ Devarim 11:6.

as name of clan or tribe Shoftim 5:15, Shoftim 5:16; Devarim 27:13; Yehoshua 18:7 (+ גָּד; both D), Devarim 33:6 (poem), Yechezkel 48:6, Yechezkel 48:7, Yechezkel 48:31; Bamidbar 1:5; so מַטֵה ר׳ Bamidbar 1:21; Bamidbar 13:4; Yehoshua 20:8; Yehoshua 21:7 (all P), Divrei HaYamim Alef 6:48, Divrei HaYamim Alef 6:63, מַחֲנֵה ר׳ Bamidbar 2:10, Bamidbar 2:16; Bamidbar 10:18 (all P); בְּנֵי ר׳, as tribe, Bamidbar 16:1; Bamidbar 32:37 (both ), Bamidbar 2:10; Bamidbar 7:20; Bamidbar 26:5; Yehoshua 13:23^(×2) (all P), also (+ Gad and often Manasseh) Bamidbar 32:1, Bamidbar 32:2, Bamidbar 32:6, Bamidbar 32:25, Yehoshua 4:12, Bamidbar 32:29, Bamidbar 32:31, Bamidbar 32:33; Yehoshua 22:9 + 11 times 22 (all P), compare Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:18; בֶן־ר׳ as tribe Yehoshua 15:6; Yehoshua 18:7 (both P), מַטֵּה בְּנֵי־ר׳ Yehoshua 13:15.

ראות

רְאֵם

noun (masc.) ^{Iyov 39:10} wild ox (Assyrian rêmu Delitzsch^{HWB 603} (ראם), Houghton^{TSBA v (1877), 336 ff., and illustr. bef. p. 33} Schrader^{KGF 135 ff., 530} Hom^{NS 257 ff., 410, 436 f.} Driver Devarim 33:17; on strength and ferocity, Plin^{Mishnaic Hebrew viii. 21}; Aramaic רְאֵמָא, רֵימָא, רֵימָנָא, ܪܰܝܡܳܐ (Lagarde^{BN 58}); Arabic رِىْٔمٌ is white antelope, antilope leucoryx; Septuagint (erron.) μονόκερως (Yeshaya 34:7 ἁδροί), Vulgate unicornis, and (oftener) rhinoceros);—absolute ר׳ Bamidbar 23:22 +, רְאֵים Tehillim 92:11, רֵים Iyov 39:9, Iyov 39:10; plural רְאֵמִים Yeshaya 34:7 Tehillim 29:6, רֵמִים Tehillim 22:22 (see Baer);—wild ox, as fierce and strong Iyov 39:9, Iyov 39:10; simile of strength of Isr., כְּתוֹעֲפוֹה ר׳ לוֹ Bamidbar 23:22 = Bamidbar 24:8, רַתָּרֶם כִּרְאֵם קַרְנִי Tehillim 92:11; so figuratively of Joseph, קֵּרְנֵי ר׳ קַרְנָיו Devarim 33:17; figuratively of princes of Edom Yeshaya 34:7 (+ פָּרִים עִם אַבִּירִים); of powerful foes, מִקַּרְנֵי רֵמִים Tehillim 22:22; in simile of skipping, leaping, בֶּן־רְאֵמִים Tehillim 29:6 (‖ עֵגֶל).

רְאוּמָה

proper namef. concubine of Nahor Breishis 22:23; A Ρεηρα, SeptuagintL Ρεημα.

רָאמוֹת

n.[f.plural] usually corals (so Ki; black corals Gesenius' Thesaurus (פְּנִינִים = red corals); compare Arabic رَأْمَةٌ, sea-shell, Wellhausen^{Heid. 2. 163});—as costly Iyov 28:18, as merchandise, רָאמֹת Yechezkel 27:16;—רָאמוֹת לֶאֱוִיל חָכְמוֹת Mishlei 24:7, reading and sense doubtful, see Toy.

רָֽאֲמָה

ii. רָאמוֹת, רָאמַת see רום, ii. רמה.

רָאשׁ

poor, רֵאשׁ poverty, see רושׁ.

רֹאשׁ

noun (masc.) Vayikra 13:45 head (common Sem. word; earliest form *ra’š, Arabic رَأْسٌ, Sabean ראס Prä^{ZMG xxix (1875), 425} Mordtm^{Him. Inschr. 31}; Ethiopic ርእስ: Amh. ራስ: hence (a heightened) Assyrian rêšu (rarely râšu), Aramaic רֵישָׁא (Egyptian Aramaic ראשׁ Cooke^{North-Sem. Inscr. 404}), ܪܺܝܫܳܐ, mod. raïša, Huart^{JAs xii (1878), 491} Duval^{the same xiii (1879), 464}; Palmyrene רשׁא, Lidzbarski³⁶⁶, compare Biblical Hebrew רִישׁוֹן, רֵאשִׁית; from *ra’š, also Biblical Hebrew *רָאשׁ, רֹאשׁ (Lagarde^{Symm. i. 113}), TelAm. rušu(nu) Winckler ^{189, 18} (gloss to ḳaḳḳadunu), Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; SI⁶ ראש, Phoenician רש, ראש (in proper name), Pun. rus (in proper name (place)) Schraderöd^{Phoenician Spr. 133}, ראשת choicest, chief; on Mesha Inscription²⁰ (with suffix) רשה, l.²⁸ ש[ר], compare Smend. u. So¹⁴ Noldeke^{LCB Jan. 8, 1887, 60});—ר׳ absolute Breishis 3:15 +, construct Breishis 40:20 +; with suffix רֹאשִׁי v Breishis 3:16 +, etc.; plural *רָאשִׁים (for רְאָשִׁם Noldeke^{GGA 1884, 1019}) Shemos 18:25 +; construct רָאשֵׁי Hoshea 7:13 + [מֵרַאֲשֹׁתֵי Shmuel Alef 26:12 see מְרַאֲשׁוֹת below]; with suffix רָאשֵׁינוּ Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:19, רָאשֵׁיכֶם Yeshaya 29:10 +, etc.;—

(c. 230 times) head, of human being; man Breishis 40:16, Breishis 40:17 + often, לְר׳ גֶּבֶר Shoftim 5:30 for the head of a man, that is for each man, per capita; woman Melachim Beis 9:30; Devarim 21:12; Bamidbar 5:18; Esther 2:17; boy Melachim Beis 4:19^(×2); Breishis 48:14^(×2) +; of י׳, under figuratively of armed man Tehillim 60:9 = Tehillim 108:9; of idol Shmuel Alef 5:4; of gates, personif. Tehillim 24:7, Tehillim 24:9.

head, of animals: of serpent Breishis 3:15, dog Shmuel Beis 3:8, ass Melachim Beis 6:25, of הַחַיָּה in Yechezkel 1:22 compare v Yechezkel 1:22, Yechezkel 1:26, of הַכְּרֻבִים Yechezkel 10:1 compare v Yechezkel 10:11; of sea-monsters, לִוְיָתָן Iyov 40:31 Tehillim 74:14, תַּנִּינִים v Yechezkel 10:13; especially of animals for sacrifice Shemos 12:9; Shemos 29:15, Shemos 29:19 Vayikra 1:4, Vayikra 1:8, Vayikra 1:12, Vayikra 1:15; Vayikra 3:2, Vayikra 3:8 + 18 times P; in phr. ר׳ וְזָנָב Yeshaya 9:13 (figuratively of noble and commoner) compare v Yechezkel 10:14; Yeshaya 19:15, so (figuratively of relative dignity, power, influence) Devarim 28:13, Devarim 28:44.

top (88 times): of mt., הַר, Breishis 8:5; Shemos 19:20^(×2); Shemos 24:17; Shemos 34:2 + 34 times; hill, גִּבְעָה, Shemos 17:9, Shemos 17:10, Shmuel Beis 5:24; ר׳ מְרוֹמִים Mishlei 8:2 + Mishlei 1:21 Toy (for Masoretic Text הֹמִיּוֹת), ר׳ גֵּיא שְׁמָנִים Yeshaya 28:1, Yeshaya 28:4; of rocks, צֻרִים, Bamidbar 23:9, crag, סֶלַע, Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:12^(×2); tower Breishis 11:4, stronghold Shoftim 6:26, ladder Breishis 28:12, tree Shmuel Beis 5:24 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:15, bough Yeshaya 17:6 compare Yechezkel 17:4, Yechezkel 17:22, mast (?; חִבֵּל) Mishlei 23:34 (otherwise Toy); of ears of grain, שִׁבֹּלֶת Iyov 24:24, of stone Breishis 28:18, bed, מִטָּה, Breishis 47:31, throne, ר׳ עָגוֹל לַכִּסֵּה Melachim Alef 10:19, tabern., or its wall, Shemos 26:24 = Shemos 36:29; pillar (= capital) Melachim Alef 7:16, Melachim Alef 7:17 + 13 times, מְכוֹנָה v Melachim Alef 7:35^(×2), lampstand Zecharia 4:2^(×2), h.p.’s robe, מְעִיל, Shemos 28:32, ר׳ פִּנָּה Tehillim 118:22 top of (the) corner, that is most conspicuous stone (figuratively); = tip, end, of staves Melachim Alef 8:8=Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:9, of sceptre Esther 5:2.

height of stars Iyov 22:12 (‖ גֹּבַהּ שָׁמַיִם).

head = chief (man) Shoftim 10:18; Shoftim 11:8, Shoftim 11:9, Shoftim 11:11; Shemos 18:25, Bamidbar 1:16, Devarim 1:15; Hoshea 2:2; Micha 3:1 + often; appar. combined with idea of first in a series Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:10 (van d. H. v Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:9, series of 11); of God Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:12.

= chief (city) Yehoshua 11:10, compare (of city and king) Yeshaya 7:8^(×2), Yeshaya 7:9^(×2).

chief nation Yirmiya 31:7.

= chief (place, position) Shmuel Alef 9:22; Melachim Alef 21:9, Melachim Alef 21:12; Devarim 20:9; Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:42 (compare also 5).

כֹּהֵן הָרֹאשׁ chief priest Melachim Beis 25:18 = Yirmiya 52:24; Divrei HaYamim Beis 19:11; Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:11; Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:20, הַכֹּהֵן רֹאשׁ Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:5, הַכּ׳ הָר׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:10; Ezra 7:5; ר׳ alone Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:6; רָאשֵׁי הַכֹּהֲנִים Nechemia 12:7.

especially = head of a family (P Chr); רָאשֵׁי בֵּית (rare רֹאשׁ) אֲבוֹתָ(ם) Shemos 6:14; Bamidbar 7:2; Bamidbar 17:18; Yehoshua 22:14; Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:24; Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:7, Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:9; ר׳ בֵּית הָאָבוֹת v Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:40; ר׳ לְבֵית אֲבֹתָיו Bamidbar 1:4, compare Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:15, Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:24; Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:2; Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:13; Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:4; ר׳ אֻמּוֹת בֵּית־אָב Bamidbar 25:15; ר׳ אֲבוֹת הָעֵדָה Bamidbar 31:26 compare Bamidbar 32:28 Yehoshua 14:1; Yehoshua 21:1; ר׳ אֲבוֹת הַלְוִיִּם Shemos 6:25; Yehoshua 21:1; ר׳ (הָ)אָבוֹת לַלְּוִיִּם Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:33, Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:34; Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:12, compare Bamidbar 36:1; Yehoshua 19:51; Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:6, Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:13; Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:9, Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:24 + 10 times Chr.; absolute ר׳ (הָ)אָבוֹת Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:10, Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:28; Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:9; Divrei HaYamim Alef 26:32; Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:1; Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:2 + 8 times Ezr Ne (Chr); ר׳ אֲבֹתֵיהֶם Ezra 8:1; רָאשִׁים לְאָבוֹת Nechemia 11:13; so also ר׳ alone Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:7, Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:12; Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:3; Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:28 +; appar. combined with idea of first in a series Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:8 (series of 3), v Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:11 (of 4), v Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:19 (of 3), v Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:20 (of 2).

head = front, leader’s place Micha 2:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:27, compare Amos 6:7.

of time, beginning, of night-watch Shoftim 7:19; Eicha 2:19; absolute מֵרֹאשׁ from the beginning Yeshaya 40:21; Yeshaya 41:4, Yeshaya 41:26 (‖ מִלְּפָנִים), Yeshaya 48:16; Mishlei 8:23 (‖ מֵעוֹלָם), Koheles 3:11 (‖ עַד־סוֹף); first of months Shemos 12:2 (‖ רִאשׁוֹן), Bamidbar 10:10; Bamidbar 28:11 (all P); בָּרֹאשׁ Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:7 at first.

of things, river-heads Breishis 2:10; ר׳ עַפְרוֹת תֵּבֵל Mishlei 8:26.

chief, choicest, best, of spices, בשׂמ(ים), Yechezkel 27:22; Shemos 30:23, Shir HaShirim 4:14; ר׳ שִׂמְחָתִי Tehillim 137:6 the choicest of my joy.

head = division of army, company, band: Shoftim 7:16, Shoftim 7:20; Shoftim 9:34, Shoftim 9:37, Shoftim 9:43, Shoftim 9:44^(×2); Shmuel Alef 11:11; Shmuel Alef 13:17^(×2), Shmuel Alef 13:18^(×2); Iyov 1:17.

= sum, especially in phr. נָשָׂא אֶת־ר׳ בְּנֵי־יִשׂ׳ Shemos 30:12 take the sum of, enumerate, compare Bamidbar 1:2, Bamidbar 1:49; Bamidbar 4:2, Bamidbar 4:22; Bamidbar 26:2; Bamidbar 31:26, Bamidbar 31:49; בְּרֹאשׁוֹ Vayikra 5:24 in its sum, that is in full, so Bamidbar 5:7 (all P); of י׳’s thoughts Tehillim 139:17; compare רֹאשׁ דְּבָֽרְךָ אֱמֶת Tehillim 119:160. 8. other phr. are: נָשָׂא אֶת־רֹאשׁ פ׳ see נָשָׂא Qal 1 b (2); יָרוּם רֹאשִׁי עַל־אֹיְבַי Tehillim 27:6, י׳ מֵרִים רֹאשִׁי Tehillim 3:4 (Tehillim 110:7; Tehillim 140:10 see רום); shake the head, see נוּעַ Hiph., compare יָנִיד בְּרֹאשׁוֹ Yirmiya 8:16, מְנוֹד רֹאשׁ Tehillim 44:15; נָתַן דֶּרֶךְ בְּרֹאשׁ, that is requite, see נתן Qal 2 b ad fin.; יָשׁוּב גְּמֻלְךָ בְּר׳ Ovadia 1:15, compare Tehillim 7:17 Melachim Alef 2:33 (under דָּם 2 i), and (c. עַל־ר׳) Esther 9:25, הֵשִׁיב רָעָה בְּרֹאשׁ Shoftim 9:57; Shmuel Alef 25:39; Melachim Alef 2:44, compare Yoel 4:4, Yoel 4:7; Melachim Alef 2:32 (under דָּם 2 i), compare Nechemia 3:36 (אֶל־רֹאשָׁם), see also Shmuel Beis 3:29 under I. חוּל 3; see, further, דָּם 2 i; Daniel 1:10 see חוּב Pi.

רִאשׁוֹן

adjective former, first, chief (i heightened from orig. a, see √);—absolute ר׳ Hoshea 2:19 +, שֹׁן- Shemos 12:15 +, רִישׁוֹן Iyov 8:8, construct רִאשׁוֹן Iyov 15:7 Keri (Kesiv ראישון, and so always Cod. Sam. Pent., see Konig^{ii. 1. 225 n}); f. רִאשֹׁנָה Shoftim 20:37 + (Yehoshua 21:10 Kesiv ראישנה, see above); mpl. רִאשֹׁנִים Shemos 34:1 +, fpl. רִאשֹׁנוֹת Yeshaya 41:22 +, etc.;—

former:

in time, former of two Breishis 25:25, Breishis 41:20, Devarim 10:1, Devarim 10:2, Devarim 10:3, Devarim 10:4, Devarim 10:10; Devarim 24:4, compare Hoshea 2:9; Vayikra 4:21; Vayikra 9:15 (both P), Shoftim 20:39; Melachim Beis 1:14; Chaggai 2:3, Chaggai 2:9; Ezra 3:12 +; more generally former, previous, Bamidbar 21:26, Micha 4:8; Melachim Beis 17:34, Melachim Beis 17:40; Zecharia 1:4; Zecharia 7:7, Zecharia 7:12; Zecharia 8:11; Nechemia 5:15; Koheles 7:10 Tehillim 79:8 +; כָּעֵת הָר׳ Yeshaya 8:23; דִּבְרֵי דויד הָר׳ †Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:29 the doings of David, the former and the latter (הָאַחֲרֹנִים), compare †Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:29; Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:15; Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:11; Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:34; Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:26; Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:22; Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:26; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:27; early days of harvest Shmuel Beis 21:9; רִאשֹׁנִים as noun, former persons, ancestors, men of old, Devarim 19:14; Vayikra 26:45, Koheles 1:11 (opposite אַחֲרֹנִים); (הָ)רִאשֹׁנוֹת as noun the former things, that is past events Yeshaya 41:22; Yeshaya 43:9, Yeshaya 43:18; Yeshaya 46:9; Yeshaya 48:3, earlier predictions Yeshaya 42:9.

location, foremost, of two Shmuel Beis 18:27.

first:

in time, הַמַּכָּה הָר׳ Shmuel Alef 14:14 the first slaughter (prelim. to general carnage); וְלֹא־הָיָה דְּבָרִי ר׳ Shmuel Beis 19:44 was not my word first? ר׳ in appos. with person subj. †Shmuel Beis 19:21 I am come as first, compare perhaps Yeshaya 41:27 (ins. אָמַרְתִּי Gesenius De < read הִגַּדְתִּים for הִנֵּה הִנָּם, Cheyne^Haupt Kittel^Dillmann), and הָר׳ Yirmiya 50:17 (opposite הָאַחֲרוֹן), Yeshaya 43:27; ר׳ absolute, first of mankind Iyov 15:17; absolute of י׳, I (am the) first Yeshaya 41:4 (+ אֶת־ אַחֲרֹנִים), + אַחֲרוֹן Yeshaya 44:6; Yeshaya 48:12; absolute of time, מֵרִאשׁוֹן Yirmiya 17:12 from the beginning; especially first of a def. series (sometimes opposite אַחֲרוֹן), first day of feast Devarim 16:4; Shemos 12:15^(×2), Shemos 12:16 + 5 times P, Nechemia 8:18; usually first month (חֹדֶשׁ) Shemos 40:2, Shemos 40:17; Vayikra 23:5 + 6 times P, Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:16 (van d. H. v Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:15) + 10 times Ch Ezr, Esther 3:7; Daniel 10:4, חֹדֶשׁ om. Breishis 8:13; Shemos 12:2, Shemos 12:18; Bamidbar 9:5 (all P) Yechezkel 29:17; Yechezkel 30:20; Yechezkel 45:18, Yechezkel 45:21, so Yoel 2:23, but read כָּרִאשׁוֹנָה (3 a) Septuagint Peshitta Wellhausen Nowack and Driver.

first in degree, chief: יַד הַשָּׁרִים … רִאשׁוֹנָה Ezra 9:2 the hand of the princes … has been first in this trespass; Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:17; Daniel 10:13 (compare Esther 1:14 below).

feminine c. preposition as adverb; phr.: (1) of time, בָּרִאשֹׁנָה Breishis 13:4, = before, formerly, so Yehoshua 8:5, Yehoshua 8:6, Shmuel Beis 7:10; Shmuel Beis 20:18; Yirmiya 7:12; Yeshaya 52:4, לָר׳ = before, formerly, Breishis 28:19, Shoftim 18:29; so כְּבָר׳ as formerly Shoftim 20:32; Melachim Alef 13:6; Yeshaya 1:26; Yirmiya 33:7, Yirmiya 33:11, = כָּר׳ Devarim 9:15; Daniel 11:29 (opposite כָּאַחֲרוֹנָה); בָּר׳ = at first, first of all, Devarim 13:10; Devarim 17:7 Bamidbar 10:13 Yehoshua 8:33, Melachim Alef 17:13; Melachim Alef 20:9; Zecharia 12:7; Mishlei 20:21 (opposite אַחֲרִיתָהּ), Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:6^(×2); Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:9; Nechemia 7:5; לְמַבָּרִאשׁוֹנָה Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:13 (= לְמַה־בָּר׳) for what was at first, etc. (מָה 1 e); (2) location, בָּר׳, that is at the head of an army Melachim Alef 20:17, a procession Bamidbar 10:14, compare Yeshaya 60:9.

רִאשֹׁנָה alone as adverb: (1) of time, first Breishis 38:28, Melachim Alef 18:25; Yirmiya 16:18; Vayikra 5:8; Bamidbar 2:9; Yehoshua 21:10 (all P), Yeshaya 65:7 (Ewald De Cheyne Dillmann Duhm Skinner, > adjective Gesenius Hitzig Kn); (2) of place Breishis 33:2; (3) of degree, rank, Esther 1:14.

רֵאשִׁית

noun (fem.) beginning, chief (for רְאֵשִׁית Noldeke^{GGA 1884, 1019}, compare Holz^{Hexateuch 465}; Syriac ܪܺܝܫܺܝܬܳܐ );—absolute ר׳ Devarim 33:21 +, construct ר׳ Breishis 10:10 +, רֵשִׁית Devarim 11:12; with suffix רֵאשִׁיתוֹ Koheles 7:8, רֵאשִׁתוֹ Iyov 42:12, etc.;—

beginning, of kingdom Breishis 10:10, year Devarim 11:12, reign Yirmiya 26:1; Yirmiya 27:1; Yirmiya 28:1; Yirmiya 49:34; = first phase, step, or element in course of events Yeshaya 46:10 (opposite אַחֲרִית); of a thing (דָּבָר) Koheles 7:8 (opposite the same); of sin Micha 1:13, strife Mishlei 17:14, wisdom Tehillim 111:10, knowledge Mishlei 1:7; thy beginning Iyov 8:7 = thine early life, so his beginning Iyov 42:12 (both opposite אַחֲרִית); ר׳ before cl., בְּר׳ בָּרָא א׳ Breishis 1:1 in the beginning when God created (> absolute in the beginning God created); ר׳ אֹנִי Breishis 49:3 (poem) beginning (first product) of my manly vigour (‖ בְּכֹרִי, כֹּחִי), so Devarim 21:17 Tehillim 78:51 (both ‖ בְּכוֹר), Tehillim 105:36; compare ר׳ דַּרְכֵי אֵל Iyov 40:19 (of hippopot.), ר׳ דַּרְכּוֹ Mishlei 8:22 (of wisdom); = first season (of a tree) Hoshea 9:10; ר׳ גּוֹיִם Bamidbar 24:20, first, earliest, of nations.

first of fruits Shemos 23:19, Shemos 34:26, Devarim 26:2, Devarim 26:10; Yechezkel 44:30, of harvest Vayikra 23:10, grain Devarim 18:4; Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:5, dough Bamidbar 15:20, Bamidbar 15:21, Yechezkel 44:30; Nechemia 10:38, wool Devarim 18:4; of כָּל־תְּבוּאָחֶ֑ךָ Mishlei 3:9; Israel is ר׳ תְּבוּאָתֹה Yirmiya 2:3 (that is of י׳’s increase); ר׳ = first-fruits Vayikra 2:12, Bamidbar 18:12, Nechemia 12:44; ר׳ הָאָרֶץ Yechezkel 48:14.

first, chief, Amos 6:1; ר׳ גְּבוּרָתָם Yirmiya 49:35 (of bows); so appar. ר׳ בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן Daniel 11:41, that is the principal part of them (Buhl Marti conjunction שְׁאֵרִית, after Peshitta); ר׳ מַשְׂאוֹתֵיכֶם Yechezkel 20:40, that is your chief oblations; ר׳ שְׁמָנִים Amos 6:6, that is choice oils; = choice part, of land Devarim 33:21, offering Shmuel Alef 2:29, הַחֵרֶם Shmuel Alef 15:21; absolute chief thing Mishlei 4:7 (of wisdom).

רֹאשׁ²

and (†Devarim 32:32) רוֹשׁ noun (masc.) ^{Devarim 32:33} a bitter and poisonous herb, then venom, always figuratively;—

a bitter and poisonous herb, + (or ‖) לַעֲנָה Devarim 29:17; Eicha 3:19, so (מֵי רֹאשׁ) Yirmiya 9:14; Yirmiya 23:15; מֵי ר׳ (without ל׳) Yirmiya 8:14; עִנְּבֵי־רוֹשׁ Devarim 32:32 (‖ מְרֹרֹת); רֹאשׁ וּתְלָאָה Eicha 3:5; ר׳ alone Tehillim 69:22; וּפָרַח כָּרֹאשׁ מִשְׁפָּט Hoshea 10:4, הֲפַכְתֶּם לְר׳ מִשְׁפָּט Amos 6:12.

venom, of serpents, ר׳ פְּתָנִים Devarim 32:33; Iyov 20:16.

רֹאשׁ³

noun (masc.) son of Benj.;—Breishis 46:21, Ρως.

רֹאשׁ⁴

proper namegent. Rôsh (so Septuagint and most; > chief Ewald Smend and elsewhere (Vulgate principem capitis) Mosoch);—only in phr. נְשִׂיא רֹאשׁ (אֶרֶץ מָגוֹג) גּוֹג מֶשֶׁךְ וְתֻבָ֑ל Yechezkel 38:2, Yechezkel 38:3; Yechezkel 39:1, Ρως; not identified.

רַב

רַב²

see II. רבב.

רָבַב

verb be or become, many, much (Mishnaic Hebrew רַב especially lord, master, רַבִּי my master, teacher; Mesha Inscription⁵ adjective plural רבן; Phoenician רב, f. רבת; Assyrian [rabâbu], rabbu; Arabic رَبَّ rear, increase (active; رُبٌ thick juice, compare Mishnaic Hebrew רְבָב grease, is thought by Buhl and elsewhere to indicate original meaning be thick), رَبٌّ lord, owner, master; Sabean רב especially in proper name, רבאל, רבבם, רבשמסם, etc., CIS^{iv, nos. 285, 3; 286, 1; 287, 12}, etc.; Liḥy. רבה its lord D.H. Müller^{Epigr. Denkm. Ar. 232}; Ethiopic ረበበ: expand, spread (intrans.); Aramaic רַב, ܪܒ great, chief, so Old Aramaic Nabataean Palmyrene רב, Lidzbarski³⁶⁶ Cook¹⁰⁷);—

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular consec. וְרַבָּה Shemos 23:29; Yeshaya 6:12, רָ֑בָּה Breishis 18:20 (Hoshea 9:7 read וְרֹב הַמַּשְׂטֵמָה [for Masoretic Text וְרַבָּה מ׳] Septuagint Wellhausen Nowack); elsewhere only 3rd plural רַבּוּ Shmuel Alef 25:10 +, רָ֑בּוּ Yirmiya 46:23 + 2 times [other forms supplied by רבה q.see]; infinitive (מקור) construct רֹב Breishis 6:1; Yehoshua 9:13; Vayikra 25:16 (‖ מְעֹט), with suffix רֻבְּכֶם Devarim 7:7, and perhaps רֻבָּם Hoshea 4:7 (compare רֹב below);—

be (become) many, person Breishis 6:1 Shemos 23:29 (E; see above), Shmuel Alef 25:10; Hoshea 4:7 (perhaps), Yeshaya 66:16 Tehillim 3:2; Tehillim 25:19; Tehillim 38:20; Koheles 5:10, + מִן comp. Yirmiya 46:23; Devarim 7:7 Tehillim 69:5; of things Yeshaya 22:9 Tehillim 4:8; Tehillim 104:24, years Vayikra 25:16, sins Yirmiya 5:6; Yirmiya 14:7; Yeshaya 59:12; Iyov 35:6.

become great, Breishis 18:20, Yeshaya 6:12; be long, of journey, Yehoshua 9:13.—

see [רָבַב] denom.*

רַב³

adjective much, many, great;—ms. absolute ר׳ Breishis 24:25 +, רָ֑ב Breishis 33:9 +, also רָב֥ Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:2, רָב֖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:8, רָב֨ Ezra 10:13, etc.; construct רַב Shemos 34:6 +; fs. רַבָּה Bamidbar 11:33 +; construct רַבַּת Yechezkel 22:5 +, רַבָּ֫תִי (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 90 k l) Eicha 1:1^(×2); mpl. absolute רַבִּים Shemos 23:2^(×2) +, construct see ii. רב; fpl. absolute רַבּוֹת Breishis 30:43 +;—[often both as pred. and as attrib.; as attrib. preceding n. (infl. of usage for numerals? Konig^{Synt. § 334 k} Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 132b): רַב Yeshaya 63:7 Tehillim 145:7 (but read probably רֹב, רָב־; in Yeshaya 21:7 ר׳ is pred.), רַבִּים Yirmiya 16:16 Tehillim 32:10; Tehillim 89:51 (on context Böttcher^NÄ Baethgen, also Hupfeld), Mishlei 7:26 Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:5, רַבּוֹת Nechemia 9:28 Mishlei 31:29];—

(often opposite מְעַט)

(1) much: of substances, gold Melachim Alef 10:2 Tehillim 19:11, silver (money) Melachim Beis 12:11 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:11, bronze Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:8, wine Esther 1:7; of other quantities, for example spoil Shmuel Beis 3:22, property Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:29, seed Devarim 28:38, etc.; רַב שֶׁיִּהְיוּ Koheles 6:3 be it much that his days amount to; (2) especially of collectives, numerous, עַם־רַב Yehoshua 11:4 Shmuel Beis 13:34, עֲבֻדָּה רַבָּה Breishis 26:14 Iyov 1:3, מִקְנֶה רַב Devarim 3:19 +, etc.

plural many: person Shemos 5:5; Shoftim 8:30; Shoftim 9:40; Melachim Alef 4:20; Melachim Alef 11:1 +, things Breishis 30:43 Amos 5:12 Devarim 31:17 +; n. om. רַבּוֹת Daniel 11:41 (sc. lands; read רִבּוֹת myriads Kmp Bev Behrm Marti Prince); יָמִים רַבִּים many days (a long time) Breishis 21:34; Breishis 37:24 + 28 times, שָׁנִים רַבּוֹת Nechemia 9:30; Koheles 6:3, אִם עוֹד רַבּוֹת בַּשָּׁנִים Vayikra 25:51; רַבּוֹת עִתִּים Nechemia 9:28 many times (see above) = פְּעָמִים רַבּוֹת Tehillim 106:43 Koheles 7:22; מַכָּה רַבָּה Devarim 25:3 many blows; מַיִם רַבִּים many waters Bamidbar 20:11; Bamidbar 24:7 + 27 times, compare Yeshaya 8:7; etc.

רַב as noun coll. person Shemos 19:21, also (opposite מְעַט) Shmuel Alef 14:6; Bamidbar 13:18; Bamidbar 26:54, Bamidbar 26:56; Bamidbar 33:54; Bamidbar 35:8; so רַבַּת (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 130a) Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:17, Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:18, and (rei; = much) Yechezkel 24:12; רַב construct before abstr. (= רֹב) Yeshaya 21:7; Yeshaya 63:7 Tehillim 145:7; especially plural רֵבִּים of person Shemos 23:2^(×2) + 37 times + בַּת־רַבִּים Shir HaShirim 7:5 (see p. 123).

construct = abounding in, רַב־בְּרָכוֹת Mishlei 28:20, רַב־חֶסֶד (see 1. חֶסֶד 3), רַב־כֹּחַ Tehillim 147:5, רַב־מְאֵרוֹת Mishlei 28:27, רַב הַמְּהוּמָה Yechezkel 22:5, רַב־נוֹצָה Yechezkel 17:7, רַב־הָעֲלִילִיָּה Yirmiya 32:19, רַב־פְּעָלִים Shmuel Beis 23:20 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:22, רַב־פָּ֑שַׁע Mishlei 29:22, רַב־תְּבוּנָה Mishlei 14:29; רַבַּת אוֹצָרֹת Yirmiya 51:13, רַבַּת בָּנִים Shmuel Alef 2:5, רַבָּ֫תִי עָם Eicha 1:1 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 90 1).

+ מִן comp. = more numerous than Shemos 1:9; Bamidbar 22:15; Yehoshua 10:11; Shoftim 16:30; Melachim Beis 6:16; Yeshaya 54:1; Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:4; Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:7; Daniel 11:13; followed by inf., too many to Breishis 36:7; Shoftim 7:2 (compare v Shoftim 7:4); vid. also following

רַב = abundant, enough Breishis 24:25; Breishis 33:9; as exclam. enough! Breishis 45:28; Shmuel Beis 24:16 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:15; Melachim Alef 19:4, so (+ מִן inf.) Shemos 9:28 (מִן 6 d); רַב־לָךְ (with implication of excess) Devarim 3:26 (let it) suffice thee! so רַב־לָכֶם Yechezkel 45:9, also Bamidbar 16:3, Bamidbar 16:7 = ye assume too much! + inf. it is enough for you to Devarim 1:6; Devarim 2:3 (that is you have done it enough), so + מִן inf. Melachim Alef 12:28, מִן noun Yechezkel 44:6.

as adverb much, exceedingly (only ψψ), רַב Tehillim 123:3, רָ֜ב Tehillim 18:15 (Hupfeld De Cheyne and elsewhere; H.P. Smith Shmuel Beis 22:15 conjunction רָמָה; om. ‖ Shmuel Beis 22:15); רַבָּה Tehillim 62:3; Tehillim 78:15; Tehillim 89:8 (Septuagint Baethgen רַב הוּא); רַבַּת (Aramaism, compare Syriac ܪܶܒܰܬ, ܪܰܒܰܬ, Nöldeke's Syriac Grammar § 155 A W^{SG 135}) Tehillim 65:10; Tehillim 120:6 (= long enough), Tehillim 123:4; Tehillim 129:1, Tehillim 120:2.

great:

of person Tehillim 48:3, space Shmuel Alef 26:13, the deep Amos 7:4 Breishis 7:11 Yeshaya 51:10 Tehillim 36:7 (figuratively), city Eicha 1:1 (רַבָּ֫תִי בַגּוֹיִם Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 90 1),—see also צִידוֹן, חֲמָת;—plague Bamidbar 11:33, empire Esther 1:20, goodness Tehillim 31:20, wickedness Breishis 6:5, etc.

specif. strong (opposite אֵין כֹּחַ) Divrei HaYamim Beis 14:10; רַב לְהוֹשִׁיעַ Yeshaya 63:1; so רַבִּים as noun Yeshaya 53:12 (‖ עֲצוּמִים).

major natu Breishis 25:23 (opposite צָעִיר); רַבִּים as noun grandævi, Iyov 32:9.

+ מִן comp. greater than Devarim 7:1, Devarim 7:17; Devarim 9:14; Devarim 20:1; too great for Yehoshua 19:9; Melachim Alef 19:7.—Mishlei 26:10 is hopelessly corrupt, see Toy.

רַב⁴

noun (masc.) chief (Assyrian-Babylonian influence, compare rab Delitzsch^{HWB 609b}; Biblical Aramaic רַב);—construct ר׳ Yirmiya 39:9 +; plural construct רַבֵּי Yirmiya 39:13; Yirmiya 41:1 (but see below);—especially רַב־ טַבָּחִים chief of guardsmen (see טַבָּח), only as title of Babylonian officer Yirmiya 39:9, Yirmiya 39:10 + 15 times Je, 7 times ‖ Melachim Beis 25 (compare שַׂר הַטּ׳ in Gn []); also †רַב הַחֹבֵל Yonah 1:6 chief of the sailors, that is captain; †in generally כָּל־רַב בֵּיתוֹ Esther 1:8, †רַב־סָרִיסָיו Daniel 1:3 (see סָרִיס), and so רַבֵּי מֶלֶךְ בָּבֶל Yirmiya 39:13, רַבֵּי הַמֶּלֶךְ Yirmiya 41:1 (late gloss; om. Septuagint and ‖ Melachim Beis 25:25, so Hitzig Graf Giesebrecht). †The following titles of Assyrian-Babylonian officers are probably loan-words in Hebrew: רַב־מָ֑ג Yirmiya 39:3, Yirmiya 39:13 usually chief soothsayer (see מָ֑ג), but = rab-mugi [? chief of princes] Pinches ^{Hast. DB. Rab-mag}; רַב־סָרִיס (compare Old Aramaic [Nineveh] רב סרס Lidzbarski³⁶⁶), Melachim Beis 18:17 (Assyrian; not in ‖ Yeshaya 36:2), Yirmiya 39:3, Yirmiya 39:13 (Babylonian), usually chief eunuch, but = rabû-ša-rêši, chief of the heads (the principal men) Winckler ^{Unters. z. altor. Gesch., 1889, Excurs. v, p. 138} (actually found as rubû-ša-ri-ešu Pinches^{Acad. June 25, 1892, 618}), Pinches^{Hast. DB. Rab-saris}; רַב־שָׁקֵה (van d. H. רַבְשָׁקֵה) chief of the officers (?) (so probably Assyrian rab- ŠAḲ; šaḳû = high one; Cuneiform Inscriptions & the Old Testament Melachim Beis 18:17 KB^{ii. 23} Delitzsch^{HWB 685a} Tiele^{Babylonian-Assyrian Gesch. 497. 513} Pinches^{Hast. DB. iv. 191}), Melachim Beis 18:17, Melachim Beis 18:19, Melachim Beis 18:26, Melachim Beis 18:27, Melachim Beis 18:28, Melachim Beis 18:37; Melachim Beis 19:4, Melachim Beis 19:8 = Yeshaya 36:2, Yeshaya 36:4, Yeshaya 36:11, Yeshaya 36:12, Yeshaya 36:13, Yeshaya 36:22; Yeshaya 37:4, Yeshaya 37:8.

רַבָּה

proper name (place) Rabba (proposes great or populous, sc. city);—

capital of Ammonites: explicitly, רַבַּת בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן Shmuel Beis 12:26, Shmuel Beis 12:27; Shmuel Beis 17:27; Devarim 3:11; Yirmiya 49:2; Yechezkel 21:25; רַבָּה alone Shmuel Beis 11:1 ‖ Divrei HaYamim Alef 20:1^(×2), Amos 1:14; Yirmiya 49:3; Yechezkel 25:5; Yehoshua 13:25; c. ה location רַבָּ֑תָה Shmuel Beis 12:29; in Gk. period Philadelphia, Lagarde^{Onom. 215, 94; 219, 82} (but Ραββαταμανα Polyb see 71:4), mod. ʿAmmân, 13½ m. NE. from Heshbon, 28½ m. E. of Jordan; compare Buhl^{Geogr. 260};—Septuagint Ραββαθ, Ραββα.

הָרַבָּה, city in Judah Yehoshua 15:60, site unknown;—Septuagint Σωθηβα, A SeptuagintL Αρεββα.

רֹב

noun (masc.) Iyov 11:2 multitude, abundance, greatness;—absolute ר׳ Breishis 16:10 +, רוֹב Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:38; Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:10 + Iyov 33:19 Keri (Kesiv ריב); construct רֹב Shemos 15:7 + (רֹב־ Iyov 37:23 Baer Gi), רָב־ Iyov 23:6 +; Melachim Beis 19:23 and plural construct רֻבֵּי Hoshea 8:12 see below;—

multitude (c. 125 times): of person Hoshea 10:13; Mishlei 14:28; Mishlei 20:6; Esther 10:3 +; of things Yeshaya 1:11; Yeshaya 47:12; Yechezkel 27:18; Vayikra 27:16; Mishlei 10:19; Iyov 11:2 +; = great quantity, abundance Breishis 27:28; Hoshea 9:7 + often (Melachim Beis 19:23 Keri [= Yeshaya 37:24 Kesiv], > Kesiv רכב; Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:27 Kesiv ורב, > Keri יִרֶב), + (of time) רֹב שָׁנִים Iyov 32:8 (Gi; v Iyov 32:7 van d. H., Baer), בְּרֹב יָמִים Koheles 11:1; = whole number (of bones) Iyov 4:14; Iyov 33:19 (Keri; Kesiv ריב); especially לָרֹב in respect of, for, multitude, in simile, like sand, stars, etc., Yehoshua 11:4, Shmuel Alef 13:5; Shmuel Beis 17:11 + 10 times; = abundantly, c. verb (= הַרְבֵּה) Breishis 30:30, Breishis 48:16, Melachim Alef 1:19, Melachim Alef 1:25; Melachim Alef 10:10; usually late Nechemia 9:25; Iyov 26:3; Zecharia 14:14; Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:38; Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:9 (‖ הַרְבֵּה Melachim Alef 10:10) + 23 times Ch; as pred. c. הָיָה Divrei HaYamim Alef 22:14; = in great numbers, Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:5, Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:24; nearly = adjective (c. noun; = רַב) Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:1 (‖ רַב Melachim Alef 10:2), Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:8; Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:24; Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:13; מֵרֹב from multitude of, Devarim 7:7; Devarim 28:47 + 14 times; absolute from (for) mult. Melachim Alef 7:47; Breishis 16:10; Breishis 32:13, Melachim Alef 3:8; Melachim Alef 8:5 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:6.

greatness (c. 26 times): מֵר׳ שִׂיחִי Shmuel Alef 1:16, רֹב חַסְדֶּ֑ךָ Nechemia 13:22 Tehillim 5:8; Tehillim 69:14, compare Tehillim 106:45, ר׳ כֹּחַ Yeshaya 63:1; Iyov 23:6; Iyov 30:18 Tehillim 33:16, etc.; read רֹב probably also (for רַב) Yeshaya 63:7 Tehillim 145:7; = length of journey (compare verb Yehoshua 9:13) בְּרֹב דַּרְכֵּךְ Yeshaya 57:10; Hoshea 8:12 Keri רֻבֵּי תוֹרָתִי = greatnesses [great things], or numerous things, of my law, but form dubious, read perhaps רֹב תּוֹרֹתַי (under 1), so Wellhausen (compare Septuagint); Gratz and elsewhere דִּבְרֵי; > Kesiv רבו, see רִבּוֹ.—Vayikra 25:16; Devarim 7:7; Hoshea 4:7, see √.

רְבָבָה

n. f. multitude, myriad, ten thousand (Konig^{ii. 1, 221});—absolute ר׳ Breishis 24:60 +; with suffix רִבְבָתוֹ Kesiv Shmuel Alef 18:7 + 2 times (Keri רִבְבֹתָיו); plural absolute רְבָבוֹת Shmuel Alef 18:8; construct רִֽבְבוֹת Micha 6:7 +, רִֽבֲבוֹת Devarim 33:17; with suffix see above Keri;—myriad, 10,000: of great number of person, indef. Breishis 24:60 (J; אַלְפֵי רְבָבָה thousands of myriads), Devarim 33:2 (poem; מֵרִבְבוֹת קֹדֶשׁ, but see קֹדֶשׁ, ad fin.), Tehillim 3:7 Shir HaShirim 5:10; רִֽבְבוֹת אַלְפֵי יִשׂ׳ Bamidbar 10:36, compare Devarim 33:17 (poem);—רְבָבָה Yechezkel 16:7 read רְבִי Septuagint Co Berthol Krae;—more precisely: (100, 1000), 10,000, Shoftim 20:10; opposite 2, Devarim 32:30 (poem), opposite 100, Vayikra 26:8, opposite 1000, Shmuel Alef 18:7, Shmuel Alef 18:8; Shmuel Alef 21:12; Shmuel Alef 29:5 Tehillim 91:7; so of things, Micha 6:7.

רִבּוֹ

noun (fem.) ^{Ezra 2:64} ten thousand, myriad (later (Aramaizing) synonym of foregoing; perhaps for Aramaic רִבּוּ(ת), Konig^{ii. 1, 221 f.}, but Palmyrene רבו Lidzbarski ³⁶⁷);—absolute רִבּוֹ Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:7^(×2); Yonah 4:11 (? construct), + construct Hoshea 8:12 Kesiv (see below); רִבּוֹא Ezra 2:64 = Nechemia 7:65; Nechemia 7:70 (van d. H. v Nechemia 7:71); dual רִבֹּתַיִם Tehillim 68:18; plural רִבּוֹת Nechemia 7:69 (van d. H. v Nechemia 7:70), רִבֹּאוֹת Ezra 2:69; Daniel 11:12;—ten thousand; of person, 4 × 10,000 + 2000 + 3 × 100 + 60 Ezra 2:64 = Nechemia 7:65; Nechemia 7:12 × 10,000 + n. Yonah 4:11; indef. Daniel 11:12 he shall cast down myriads; read רִבּוֹת also v Daniel 11:41 (for Masoretic Text רַבּוֹת) Kmp Bev Behrm Marti Prince; of things, especially units of value, n. + 10,000 Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:7, n. + 6 × 10,000 + 1000 Ezra 2:69 ‖ n. + 2 × 10,000 Nechemia 7:69, Nechemia 7:70 (see above); 10,000 + 8 × 1000 + n. Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:7; indef. רֶכֶב אֱלֹהִים רִבֹּתַיִם Tehillim 68:18 (‖ אלפים);—רִבּוֹ תוֹרָתִי Hoshea 8:12 (Kesiv; 10,000 [precepts] of my instruction) would be only early instance, see רֹב.

רָבַב²

Pu.denom. from preceding:—participle (בינוני) fpl. מְרֻבָּבוֹת Tehillim 144:13 multiplied ten thousand-fold.

רָבַב³

verb shoot;—

past (עבר) 3rd plural וָרֹ֑בּוּ (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 67 m) Breishis 49:23 absolute (בַּעֲלֵי חִצִּים in ‖ l.; Sam. וַיְרִיבֻהוּ, so perhaps Septuagint ἐλοιδόρουν).—רָ֜ב Tehillim 18:15 (חִצָּיו in ‖ l.), see i. רַב 1 g.

רַב⁵

noun (masc.) archer;—s. רַב Mishlei 26:10, plural רַבִּים Yirmiya 50:29 (‖ דֹּרְכֵי קֶשֶׁת), with suffix רַבָּיו Iyov 16:13 (in figuratively; Böttcher and elsewhere רֹבָיו; old versions. Ewald and elsewhere his missiles).

רָבִיד

n.[m.] chain, ornament for neck;—absolute ר׳ Yechezkel 16:11; construct רְבִד הַזָּהָב Breishis 41:42.

רָבָה

verb be, or become, much, many, great (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Assyrian rabû, be great, grow; Arabic رَبَا, Aramaic רְבָא; ܪܒܳܐ, ܪܒܺܝ, all grow, increase);—

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular רָֽבְתָה Shmuel Alef 14:30; 2nd masculine singular וְרָבִ֫יתָ consec. Devarim 30:16; 3rd plural רָבוּ Ezra 9:6 +, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְבֶּה Devarim 8:13 +, juss. יִ֫רֶב Breishis 1:22 + Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:27 Keri (< ורב Kesiv, see רֹב 1), וַיִּ֫רֶב Shemos 1:20; 3rd feminine singular תִּרְבֶּה Devarim 7:22; Daniel 12:4, וַתֵּ֫רֶב Breishis 43:34; Melachim Alef 5:10; 3rd masculine plural יִרְבּוּ Devarim 11:31 +, יִרְבּוּן Tehillim 139:18, יִרְבְּיֻן Devarim 8:13, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. וּרְבֵה Breishis 35:11; infinitive (מקור) construct רְבוֹת Shemos 11:9 +;—participle (בינוני) רֹבֶה see II. רבה;—

become many, numerous:

of a people, Shemos 1:10, Shemos 1:12, v Shemos 1:20, Devarim 6:3; Devarim 8:1; Devarim 30:16 Zecharia 10:8; Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:23; רָבוּ לְמָ֑עְלָה Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:17; especially + פרה be fruitful and multiply Yirmiya 3:16; Yirmiya 23:3 (figuratively of flock), Breishis 47:27, Shemos 1:7, Tehillim 107:38, also (of man and beast) Yechezkel 36:11; of children Iyov 27:14; צַדִּיקִים Mishlei 28:28, בִּרְבוֹת צ׳ Mishlei 29:2 (Toy רְדוֹת rule, ‖ מְשֹׁל), בר׳ רְשַׁעִים v Mishlei 29:16 (Toy the same).

of animals Devarim 7:22 (+ עַל person), Devarim 8:13 Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:9; + פרה Breishis 1:22 Breishis 8:17 (both P; compare Yechezkel 36:11 above).

of things Devarim 8:13^(×2); Yechezkel 31:5; Shemos 11:9, Koheles 5:10; of sins Ezra 9:6 (+ לְמַ֫עְלָה), Mishlei 29:16; + מִן comp. Tehillim 16:4; Tehillim 139:18; of days Breishis 38:12, Devarim 11:21; Shmuel Alef 7:2; Mishlei 9:11, years of life Mishlei 4:10; of waters Breishis 7:17, v Breishis 7:18.

be great: (1) of things, Breishis 43:34 (J; + מִן comp.), Shmuel Alef 14:30; of way = be long Devarim 19:6 and (מִן comp. person) Devarim 14:24 be too long for; of wisdom Melachim Alef 5:10 (מִן comp.). (2) of person, יִרְבֶּה אֱלֹהִים מֵאֱנוֹשׁ Iyov 33:12 that is is too great for (De and elsewhere); has loftier, nobler thoughts (Dillmann Budde), but no ‖.

grow great (Aramaism): (1) of person, = grow up Yechezkel 16:7 (+ גָּדַל), Iyov 39:4. (2) of glory Tehillim 49:17, knowledge Daniel 12:4.—Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:27 see above

make large, increase;—imperative (ציווי) ms. רַבֶּה צְבָאֲךָ Shoftim 9:29 enlarge thy host; past (עבר) 2nd masculine singular רִבִּיתָ בִּמְחִירֵיהֶם Tehillim 44:13 thou hast not made great with their price (set a high price; so Ewald De Cheyne and elsewhere); or increased (sc. thy wealth) by their price (Hupfeld Baethgen); = bring up, rear (children) Eicha 2:22 (+ טפּח), whelps Yechezkel 19:2 (in figuratively).

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הִרְבָּה Hoshea 8:11 +, with suffix וְהִרְבְּךָ consec. Devarim 30:5; 2nd masculine singular הִרְבִּיתָ Yeshaya 9:2 +, 1st singular הִרְבֵּיתִי Hoshea 2:10 +, etc.; future (עתיד) יַרְבֶּה Hoshea 12:2 +, וַ֫יֶּרֶב Shmuel Beis 18:8; Eicha 2:5, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. הַרְבֵּה Yechezkel 24:10, הֶ֫רֶב Shoftim 20:38 + Tehillim 51:4 Keri (הרבה Kesiv, infinitive (מקור) absolute), etc.; fs. הַרְבִּי Yeshaya 23:16, mpl. הַרְבּוּ Amos 4:4; Breishis 34:12; infinitive (מקור) absolute הַרְבֵּה Breishis 15:1 +, הַרְבָּה (Barth^{NB 90, 91}) Breishis 3:16; Breishis 16:10; Breishis 22:17; construct הַרְבוֹת Devarim 28:63 + (Shmuel Beis 14:11 Kesiv הרבית; Amos 4:9; Mishlei 25:27 see below); participle (בינוני) מַרְבֶּה Shemos 16:17 +, construct מַרְבֵּה Vayikra 11:42, etc.;—

make much, or many:

object person (or a people), multiply, increase Breishis 16:10; Breishis 17:20; Yeshaya 9:2 +; Yechezkel 36:10 (+ עַל person), v Yechezkel 36:11 (man and beast; + the same); Devarim 30:5 (+ מִן comp. person); + פרה Hiph. Breishis 28:3; Breishis 48:4 (both P); הִרְבָּה כּוֹשֵׁל Yirmiya 46:16 = he made many stumble; = have many Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:4; Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:40; Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:11.

object animals Devarim 17:16^(×2) (compare Yechezkel 36:11 above).

object things Hoshea 2:10; Hoshea 8:11, Hoshea 8:14 Breishis 3:16 +; הַרְבּוּ עָלַי מְאֹד מֹהַר וּמַתָּן Breishis 34:12; opposite הִמְעִיט Vayikra 26:16; Bamidbar 26:54; Bamidbar 33:54; object words Koheles 10:14 (see Iyov 34:37 under 2), compare Yeshaya 1:15; Iyov 40:27, הַרְבִּי־שִׁיר Yeshaya 23:16; object days Iyov 29:18 (like sand); = use many (medicines) Yirmiya 46:11; have many (feet) Vayikra 11:42; bring abundantly Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:5; yield abundantly Nechemia 9:37; c. ל of object Hoshea 10:1 (ל 3 a); object om. Chavakuk 2:6; Mishlei 22:16, also (opposite מעט [usually Hiph.]) Shemos 16:17, Shemos 16:18; Shemos 30:15; Bamidbar 35:8 (all P), Mishlei 13:11.

(1) followed by inf., make much to do, do much in respect of, = do much, abundantly, greatly, often, etc. (Driver Shmuel Alef 1:12): הַרְבּוּ לִפִשֹׁעַ Amos 4:4 = transgress greatly, so Ezra 10:13, compare Melachim Beis 21:6 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 33:6; further, Yeshaya 55:7; Shemos 36:5; Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:14 Tehillim 78:38, also Shmuel Beis 14:11 (Kesiv מהרבית, Keri מֵהַרְבַּת, read probably מֵהַרְבּוֹת Driver^reff. Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 75 ff. Th-Löhr); + מִן comp. Shmuel Beis 18:8; Shmuel Alef 1:12 = pray a long time; Shoftim 20:38 del. הֶרֶב as dittogr. of הארב Be Budde G.F. Moore. (2) followed by verb fin. (Driver^Smend Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 120 g), אַל־תַּרְבּוּ תְדַבְּרוּ Shmuel Alef 2:3 that is talk not so much; compare Tehillim 51:4.

the infinitive (מקור) absolute (Olshausen's Hebrew Grammar § 191 b Konig^{ii. 1, 555} Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 75 ff.) is used: (1) הַרְבָּה אַרְבֶּה I will greatly increase Breishis 3:16; Breishis 16:10; Breishis 22:17 (all J; Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 113 n); (2) וְדַרְבֵּה carrying on inf. construct Yechezkel 21:20; (3) הַרְבֵּה as adverb (c. vbs. and [Koheles 7:16] adjective), greatly, exceedingly, etc., especially ה׳ מְאֹד Breishis 41:49, Shmuel Alef 26:21 Shmuel Beis 12:30 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 20:2, Yehoshua 13:1, Melachim Beis 21:16 Nechemia 2:2; perhaps also Melachim Alef 5:9; Melachim Alef 10:10 (both c. נָתַן), v Melachim Alef 10:11 (c. הֵבִיא), Yirmiya 40:12 (c. אָסַף), Divrei HaYamim Beis 14:12 (c. נָשָׂא); הַרְבֵּה alone Melachim Beis 10:18 (opposite מְעָ֑ט), Nechemia 3:33 Koheles 1:16; Koheles 5:19; Koheles 7:16, Koheles 7:17 Tehillim 51:4 Kesiv (Keri הֶרֶב imperative (ציווי)); (4) as adjective attrib. (Konig^{Synt. § 318 e}), ה׳ מְאֹד Devarim 3:5; Yehoshua 22:8 (D; ‖ רַב־מְאֹד), Shmuel Beis 8:8 (רַבָּה מְאֹד in ‖ Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:8), Shmuel Beis 12:2 Yeshaya 30:33; Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:27; so דַרְבֵּה alone Nechemia 4:4, Nechemia 4:13 (+ רְחָבָה), Ezra 10:1 (preceding n., compare i. רַב). Koheles 2:7; Koheles 5:6, Koheles 5:16 (reading כעס as n., Ewald De Hitzig-Nowack and elsewhere), Koheles 6:11; Koheles 9:18; Koheles 11:8; Koheles 12:9, Koheles 5:12^(×2), הַרְבּוֹת alone Mishlei 25:27 (Toy reads הַרְ בֵּה); הַרְבֵּה מְאֹד as pred. Breishis 15:1 (J; Sam. אַרְבֶּה), Koheles 11:8 Tehillim 130:7 (adverb Baethgen); (5) הַרְבֵּה as n. concr. (Konig^{Synt. § 318 a}) Shmuel Beis 1:4; Yirmiya 42:2 (-בֶּה van d. H.), c. מִן comp., Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:9; Yonah 4:11; as object (or adverb), opposite מְעַט Chaggai 1:6, Chaggai 1:9; Koheles 5:11; late in adverb phr. (מְאֹד) לְהַרְבֵּה †Nechemia 5:18; Divrei HaYamim Beis 11:12; Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:8; הַרְבּוֹת as n. Amos 4:9 (read probably הֶחֱרַבְתִּי Wellhausen Nowack).

make great, object person Shmuel Beis 22:36 = Tehillim 18:36; enlarge border Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:10; perhaps also Iyov 34:37 make words great, presumptuous, against God (לְאֵל; so Buhl^Lex; most make many words, 1 c).

רָבָה²

verb shoot (compare II. רָבַב, I. רָמָה);—only

participle (בינוני) רֹבֶה קַשָּׁ֑ת Breishis 21:20 < רֹבֵה קָ֑שֶׁת, Kn Dillmann and elsewhere, but read probably רֹמֵה ק׳ Olshausen Ball, one shooting the bow.

רַבָּה²

(א), רַבִּית, רְבִיבִים see I. רבב.

רַב־מָ֑ג

see ii. רַב.

רָבַע

verbdenom., only participle (בינוני) passive squared, square;—

participle (בינוני) passive רָבוּעַ square, of altar Shemos 27:1; Shemos 30:2; Shemos 37:25; Shemos 38:1, compare Yechezkel 43:16; breastplate Yechezkel 30:2; Yechezkel 39:9; plural רְבֻעִים, of doorways, etc. [on text see Kittel Benzinger] Melachim Alef 7:5; fs. רְבֻעָה as noun = a square Yechezkel 41:21 (direct object Co Toy, om. מְזוּזַה, and joining ר׳ to v Yechezkel 41:20; Krae reads מְזוּזֹת רְבֻעֹת, compare Melachim Alef 6:33, רְבִיעִי 2).

participle (בינוני) square, מְרֻבַּע Yechezkel 45:2, of piece of land; fs. מְרֻבָּ֑עַת Yechezkel 40:47, of court; fpl. מְרֻבָּעוֹת Melachim Alef 7:31 (opposite עֲגֻלּוֹת), of borders of bases (compare Sabean רבעתם, a kind of square building, Sab-Denkm ³¹).

רֶ֫בַע

noun (masc.) ^{Yechezkel 1:8} 1. fourth part. 2. plural four sides;—

ר׳ construct, fourth part, of shekel Shmuel Alef 9:8, of hin Shemos 29:40.

in Ez, plural with suffix four sides (אַרְבַּעַת always preceding): רְבָעָיו Yechezkel 43:16, רְבָעֶיהָ v Yechezkel 43:17; רִבְעֵיהֶם Yechezkel 1:8; Yechezkel 10:11, -הֶן Yechezkel 1:17.

רֹ֫בַע

n.[m.] fourth part;—ר׳ construct; of Israel Bamidbar 23:10; of a ḳab Melachim Beis 6:25.

רְבִיעִי

m., רְבִיעִית f., adjectivenum.ordin. fourth;m. רְבִיעִי Breishis 2:14 + 29 times, רְבִעִי Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:8; Divrei HaYamim Alef 26:11; plural רְבִיעִים Melachim Beis 15:12, רְבִעִים Melachim Beis 10:30; f. absolute רְבִיעִית Melachim Alef 6:1 + 3 times, רְבִיעִת Vayikra 19:29, רְבִעִית Melachim Alef 6:37 + 6 times + Melachim Alef 6:33 (see below); construct רְבִיעִית Bamidbar 15:5, רְבִיעִת Shemos 29:40 + 4 times, רְבִעִית Bamidbar 15:4 + 2 times;—fourth, usually הָֽר׳:

m. Breishis 2:14; Breishis 15:16, also (especially of days, months, sons, etc.) Breishis 1:19 Shemos 28:20; Shemos 39:13; Bamidbar 7:30; Bamidbar 29:23; Yehoshua 19:17 (all P), Shoftim 19:5; Yirmiya 39:2; Yirmiya 52:6; Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:7 Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:26; Ezra 8:33; n. om. Shmuel Beis 3:4 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:2; Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:14; Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:15; Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:2; Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:10; Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:19; Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:8, Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:23; Divrei HaYamim Alef 25:11; Divrei HaYamim Alef 26:2, Divrei HaYamim Alef 26:4, Divrei HaYamim Alef 26:11; Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:7 Ezra 10:14; Daniel 11:2; sc. חֹדֶשׁ Yechezkel 1:1; Zecharia 8:19; plural in בְּנֵי רְבִ(י)עִים sons of fourth (ones), that is to the fourth generation, Melachim Beis 10:30; Melachim Beis 15:12 (compare [רִבֵּעַ], and [Old Aramaic Nērab] בני רבע Cook¹⁰⁷).

f. of years, Melachim Alef 6:1, Melachim Alef 6:37; Melachim Beis 18:9; Yirmiya 25:1; Yirmiya 28:1; Yirmiya 36:1; Yirmiya 45:1; Yirmiya 46:2; Yirmiya 51:59; Zecharia 6:3; Vayikra 19:24; מֵאֵת רְבִעִית Melachim Alef 6:33, read מְזֻוֹת רְבֻעוֹת Septuagint Vulgate Th Stade Kmp Kittel Benzinger Bur.

רְבִיעִית Yechezkel 48:20 four square (read poss. רְבוּעָה).

רְבִ(י)עִ(י)ת as n. = fourth part, construct, ר׳ הַהִין Vayikra 23:13, Shemos 29:40; Bamidbar 15:4, Bamidbar 15:5; Bamidbar 28:5, Bamidbar 28:7, Bamidbar 28:14; ר׳ הַיּוֹם Nechemia 9:3; so absolute (הַיּוֹם om.) v Nechemia 9:3.

רָבַע²

verb lie stretched out, lie down (Aramaic form of רָבַץ (q.see); Mishnaic Hebrew רבע usually of copulation, chiefly unnatural; yet compare also Sabean רבע abide, encamp, settle, D.H. Müller^{ZMG xxix (1875), 593}, Arabic رَبَعَ abide, dwell)—

only infinitive (מקור): with suffix רִבְעִי Tehillim 139:3 my lying down (for repose, opposite אָרְחִי); elsewhere for copulation (woman with beast) לְרִבְעָה אֹתָהּ Vayikra 20:16, but read אִתָּהּ (with suffix of beast) Driver-Wh Konig^{Synt. 226 e}, compare Baethgen Berthol (and Driver Shmuel Beis 13:14); לְרִבְעָהּ Shmuel Beis 18:23, read לְרִבְעָה (compl. om.; see the same).

future (עתיד) 2nd masculine singular בְּהֶמְתְּךָ לֹא תַרְבִּיעַ כִּלְאַיִם Vayikra 19:19 thy cattle thou shalt not cause to (let) lie down (that is breed) in two kinds.

רֶ֫בַע²

noun (masc.) a king of Midian Bamidbar 31:8; Yehoshua 13:21; Ροβοκ, Ροβε(κ).

רָבַץ

verb stretch oneself out, lie down, lie stretched out (Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Assyrian rabâṣu, lie, dwell; rubṣu (in word-lists), stall, also womb (compare II. רבע above); Arabic رَبَضَ lie down on the breast, stretch oneself out, مرابض, Sabean מרבצֿן CIS ^{iv, no. 5, 2}; Targum רְבַע lie stretched out, Syriac ܪܒܰܥ, Chr. Pal ܪܒܥ recline at meals, Schwally^{Idiot. 87});—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ Breishis 49:9, 3rd feminine singular consec. וְרָֽבְצָה Devarim 29:19, רָבָ֑צָה Yechezkel 19:2, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְבָּ֑ץ Yeshaya 11:6; Yeshaya 27:10; 3rd feminine singular וַתִּרְבַּץ Bamidbar 22:27; 3rd masculine plural יִרְבְּצוּ Bamidbar 11:7, יִרְבָּ֑צוּ Bamidbar 14:30, יִרְבָּצ֑וּן Tzefania 2:7 Tehillim 104:22; Tehillim 104:3 fpl. תִּרְבַּצְנָה Yechezkel 34:14; participle (בינוני) רֹבֵץ Shemos 23:5 + 3 times; f. רֹבֶ֫צֶת Breishis 49:25 + 2 times; mpl. רֹבְצִים Breishis 29:2;—lie down, lie: of domestic animals, ass Shemos 23:5 (E; under heavy burden), Bamidbar 22:27 (Je; in obstructed path), Breishis 49:14 (at ease; poet., in simile); sheep, in repose, Breishis 29:2, Yeshaya 17:2; Tzefania 2:14; figuratively of people Yechezkel 34:14; calf, in repose Yeshaya 27:10; of wild beasts, lion, in lair, Breishis 49:9 (poem in J; figuratively), Tehillim 104:22; = make lair, abode Yechezkel 19:2 (figuratively), so of צִיִּים Yeshaya 13:21, תַּנִּין Yechezkel 29:3 (figuratively); leopard (with kid) Yeshaya 11:6, compare v Yeshaya 11:7; = brood, of mother-bird Devarim 22:6 (עַל־הָאֶפְרֹחִים); of man, in repose Yeshaya 14:30; Iyov 11:19, compare Tzefania 2:7; Tzefania 3:13 (figuratively of flock perhaps impl., compare Yechezkel 34:14 above); of the deep, רֹבֶצֶת תָּ֑חַת Breishis 49:25; Devarim 33:13; figuratively of curse Devarim 29:19 (ב person); of sin, לַפֶּתַה חַטָּאת רֹבֵץ Breishis 4:7 at the door sin makes its lair.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular with suffix יַרְבִּיצֵנִי Tehillim 23:2, 2nd masculine singular תַּרְבִּיץ Shir HaShirim 1:7, etc.; participle (בינוני) מַרְבִּיץ Yeshaya 54:11, plural מַרְבֹּצֹים Yirmiya 33:12;—cause to lie down, or lie, direct object of flock (for repose) Yirmiya 33:12, also (figuratively) Tehillim 23:2 Yechezkel 34:15; direct object of flock om. Yeshaya 13:20 Shir HaShirim 1:7; of laying stones Yeshaya 54:11.

רִבְקָה

proper namef. Rebekah, daughter of Bethuel and wife of Isaac, Breishis 22:23; Breishis 24:15 + 24 times Breishis 24:24, Breishis 24:25, Breishis 24:26, Breishis 24:27; Breishis 28:5; Breishis 29:12; Breishis 35:8; Breishis 49:31;—Septuagint Ρεβεκκα.

רָגַז

verb be agitated, quiver, quake, be excited, perturbed (Phoenician Iph. (+ infinitive (מקור) absolute Qal) disquiet, disturb, Inscr. Tabn.^4.6.7; Mishnaic Hebrew Hiph. provoke to wrath; رجز tremble (with rage, fear, Dozy); v, viii, rumble (of thunder, Freytag), رَجَزٌ a trembling disease (of camels), etc.; Aramaic רְגַז tremble, rage, ܪܓܰܙ be enraged; Zinj. רגז wrath, Lidzbarski ³⁶⁷);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular consec. וְרָגַז Mishlei 29:9, 3rd feminine singular רָֽגְזָה Yeshaya 14:9 +, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְגַּז Shmuel Beis 7:10; Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:9, 2nd feminine singular וַתִּרְגְּזִי Yechezkel 16:43 (but see below); 3rd masculine plural יִרְגְּזוּן Chavakuk 3:7, יִרְגָּז֑וּן Shemos 15:14, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. רְגָ֫זָה (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 48 i) Yeshaya 32:11, mpl. רִגְזוּ Tehillim 4:5;—quake, subj. אֶרֶץ Shmuel Alef 14:15 Amos 8:8 (עַל rei), Tehillim 77:19 (+ רָעַשׁ), Yoel 2:10 (לִפְנֵי of locusts; ‖ רעשׁ), Mishlei 30:21 (תַּחַת person); subj. מוֹסְדֵי הָרִים Tehillim 18:8 (‖ רעשׁ), = Shmuel Beis 22:8 (מוֹסְדוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם; ‖ the same); הֶהָרִים Yeshaya 5:25; תְּהֹמוֹת Tehillim 77:17; of tent-curtains Chavakuk 3:7 (figuratively of terror of tent-dwellers); of people, in dread, c. מִפְּנֵי person Devarim 2:25 (‖ חול), Yeshaya 64:1; c. עַל rei Yirmiya 33:9 (+ פָּחַד); absolute, Shemos 15:14 (‖ חִיל אָחַז וגו׳), Tehillim 99:1 Yoel 2:1; pregn. = come quivering Micha 7:17 (מִן location); of person, in fear, awe, Breishis 45:24 (ב location), Yeshaya 32:11 (‖ חָרַד), v Yeshaya 32:10 Tehillim 4:5, Chavakuk 3:16 (תַּחְתַּי), compare of בִּטְנִי Chavakuk 3:16; quarrel Breishis 45:24; be disquieted, Shmuel Beis 7:10 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:9; be excited, perturbed, of person Shmuel Beis 19:1 (by grief; compare Driver). שְׁאוֹל Yeshaya 14:9 (surprise; ל person); in rage, c. ל at, Yechezkel 16:43 (of Jerus. personif.; but read Hiph. (that is didst enrage me) Septuagint Peshitta Vulgate Targum Hitzig Smend Co Berthol Toy Krae); probably also וְר׳ וְשָׂחַק Mishlei 29:9; of י׳ Yeshaya 28:21.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הִרְגִּיו Yeshaya 23:11; 2nd masculine singular with suffix הִרְגַּוְתַּנִי Shmuel Alef 28:15; future (עתיד) 1st singular אַרְגִּיו Yeshaya 13:13; infinitive (מקור) construct הִרְגִּיז (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 53 l) Yirmiya 50:34; participle (בינוני) מַרְגִּיז Yeshaya 14:16; Iyov 9:6, plural construct מַרְגִּיזֵי Iyov 12:6;—cause to quake, disquiet, enrage: cause earth to quake Yeshaya 14:16 (figuratively; ‖ רעשׁ), Iyov 9:6 shake earth מִמְּקוֹמָהּ; heavens Yeshaya 13:13 (‖ רעשׁ); kingdoms Yeshaya 23:11; cause disquiet, c. ל person, Yirmiya 50:34 (‖ רגע); = disturb Shmuel Alef 28:15 (compare Phoenician תרגזן, Inscr. Tabn.⁴ Driver^{Smend xxviii}); = enrage, provoke, מַרְגִּיזֵי אֵל Iyov 12:6; so also probably Yechezkel 16:43 (reading תַּרְגִּזִי לִי), see Qal ad fin.

excite oneself, only infinitive (מקור) construct with suffix הִתְרַגֶּזְךָ אלי thine exciting thyself (to rage) against me, Melachim Beis 19:27, Melachim Beis 19:28 = Yeshaya 37:28, Yeshaya 37:29.

רֹ֫גֶז

noun (masc.)^{Iyov 3:26} agitation, excitement, raging;—ר׳ absolute Chavakuk 3:2 +, construct Iyov 37:2; with suffix רָגְזֶ֑ךָ Yeshaya 14:3;—raging Iyov 3:17; disquiet, turmoil Yeshaya 14:3 Iyov 3:26; Iyov 14:1; raging, wrath Chavakuk 3:2; ר׳ קֹלוֹ Iyov 37:2 rumbling of his voice (that is thunder); of excitement of warhorse, בְּרַעַשׁ וְרֹגֶז Iyov 39:24.

רַגָּז

adjective quivering, quaking;—לֵב ר׳ Devarim 28:65 a quaking heart.

רֶ֫גֶל

noun (fem.)Devarim 8:4 (on with suffix m. Shir HaShirim 5:3 see Konig^{Synt. § 14} Albr^{journal ZAW (xvi, 1896, 76) xv (1895), 316 f.}), foot (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Arabic رِجْلٌ leg, foot; Aramaic רַגְלָא, ܪܶܓܠܴܐ foot; Palmyrene with suffix רגלה Lidzbarski ³⁶⁸; transp. Zinj. (plural construct) לגרי Id.^ib., Mand. ליגרא Noldeke^{M 102}; compare Ethiopic ሰረገላ vehicle Dillmann³⁴⁷);—absolute ר׳ Shemos 21:24 +, רָ֑גֶל v Shemos 21:24 +; construct רֶגֶל Bamidbar 22:25 +; with suffix רַגְלִי Breishis 30:30 +, etc.; dual רַגְלַ֫יִם Yeshaya 28:3 +, רַגְלָ֑יִם Shmuel Beis 4:4 +; construct רַגְלֵי Breishis 24:32 +; with suffix רַגְלָי Bamidbar 20:19 +, רַגְלֶיךָ Shemos 3:5 +, etc.; plural רְגָלִים Shemos 23:14 + 3 times (see 2 below);—

foot:

human, Breishis 18:4; Breishis 19:2 + 10 times of washing feet (רהץ); Shemos 3:5; Shemos 4:25 + often; in figuratively Devarim 32:25 Shmuel Alef 2:9 Yirmiya 2:25 Iyov 12:5 + often; ר׳ גַּאֲוָה Tehillim 36:12 foot of pride; הֲדֹם לְר׳ Tehillim 110:1; כַּף ר׳ sole of foot Devarim 2:5; Devarim 11:24; Devarim 28:56, Devarim 28:65 + 6 times, + מִכַּף ר׳ וְעַד רֹאשׁ Yeshaya 1:6, compare (וְעַד קדקד) Shmuel Beis 14:25 Devarim 28:35 Iyov 2:7; also מֵרֹאשׁ וְעַד ר׳ Vayikra 13:12; שָׁרְשֵׁי ר׳ Iyov 13:27, see שֹׁרֶשׁ; אֶצְבְּעוֹת ר׳ Shmuel Beis 21:20 = toes, בֹּהֶן ר׳ = great toe Shoftim 1:6, Shoftim 1:7 Shemos 29:20 + 6 times Lv; ר׳ = leg Shmuel Alef 17:6 (see also f. ad fin.).

anthrop. of God, Shemos 24:10; Shmuel Beis 22:10 = Tehillim 18:10, Nachum 1:3; Chavakuk 3:5; Yeshaya 60:13; Zecharia 14:4; כַּפּוֹת ר׳ Yechezkel 43:7; הֲדֹם ר׳ Yeshaya 66:1 Eicha 2:1 Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:2 Tehillim 99:5; Tehillim 132:7.

of seraphim Yeshaya 6:2, Ezekiel’s חַיּוֹת Yechezkel 1:7, Yechezkel 1:7 and (כַּף ר׳) v Yechezkel 1:7, cherubim Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:13; idols Tehillim 115:7.

of animals: dove, כַּף ר׳ Breishis 8:9; שֶׁרֶץ עוֹף Vayikra 11:21, Vayikra 11:23, שֶׁרֶץ v Vayikra 11:42; calf, כַּף ר׳ Yechezkel 1:7 (in simile), בְּהֵמָה Yechezkel 29:11; Pharaoh under figuratively of תַּנִּים Yechezkel 32:2; probably of beast also Iyov 39:15, indef. Yeshaya 28:3 (in figuratively).

of table Shemos 25:26; Shemos 37:13. f. phrases: †לְר׳ (ל 5 i) direct object to the pace of Breishis 33:14^(×2) (J; as fast as cattle, children, can go); at one’s guidance Devarim 33:3; at one’s foot, that is at every step Breishis 30:30, Yeshaya 41:2, compare Iyov 18:11 (see I. [פּוּץ] Hiph.); הלך לְר׳ Shmuel Alef 25:42, that is went where she went, compare Shmuel Beis 15:16, Shmuel Beis 15:17, Shmuel Beis 15:18; †בְּר׳ on one’s feet, on foot, Bamidbar 20:19, Devarim 2:28 Shoftim 4:15, Shoftim 4:17 Tehillim 66:6, שֻׁלַּח בְּר׳ Shoftim 5:15 (see שׁלח), compare Iyov 18:8 (and רַגְלַי שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ Iyov 30:12); אֲשֶׁר בְּר׳ (הַבְּהֵמָה, הַיְקוּם, הָעָם), that is which follow one, hence obey or belong to one, Shemos 11:8, Shoftim 4:10; Shoftim 8:5 Melachim Alef 20:10; Devarim 11:6 Melachim Beis 3:9, הַמִּתְהַלְּכִים בְּר׳ Shmuel Alef 25:27; נָשָׂא ר׳ †Breishis 29:1 = set out, but יָרִים אֶת־ר׳ †Breishis 41:44 lift the foot, that is make a movement, do anything; †euphemism מֵסִיךְ אֶת־ר׳ Shoftim 3:24, compare Shmuel Alef 24:3 (Gi; van d. H. Baer v Shmuel Alef 24:4; see I. [סָכַךְ] Hiph.); וַתְּפַשְּׂקִי אֶת־ר׳ לְ Yechezkel 16:25 (see פשׂק); הַיּוֹצֵת מִבֵּין ר׳ Devarim 28:57 (see יצא 1 h); מֵימֵי ר׳ Keri Melachim Beis 18:27 = Yeshaya 36:12 (Kesiv שיניהם; see מַיִם 3); שַׂעַר הָר׳ Yeshaya 7:20, that is hair of the private parts.

plural only in phr. שָׁלשׁ רְגָלִים three times (feet, paces, compare פַּעַם Shemos 23:14, Bamidbar 22:28, Bamidbar 22:32, Bamidbar 22:33.

רָגַל

verbdenom. foot it, go about;—

go about (maliciously, as slanderer; compare Arabic مُشَاةٌ and سَاعٍ slanderer, from √√ مَشَى walk along, سَعَى walk quickly), slander, past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular לאֹ־ר׳ עַל־לְשֹׁנוֹ Tehillim 15:3 he takes no slander upon his tongue (‖ דֹּבֵר אֱמֶת v Tehillim 15:2).

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיְרַגֵּל Shmuel Beis 19:28, 3rd masculine plural וַיְרַגְּלוּ Devarim 1:24 Yehoshua 7:2; imperative (ציווי) mpl. רַגְּלוּ Yehoshua 7:2; infinitive (מקור) construct לְרַגֵּל Bamidbar 21:32 + 5 times; with suffix לְרַגְּלַהּ Shmuel Beis 10:3; participle (בינוני) plural מְרַגְּלִים Breishis 42:9 + 11 times;—

slander (compare Qal), וַיְר׳ בְּעַבְדְּךָ אֶל Shmuel Beis 19:28.

go about as explorer, spy, with a direct object location Bamidbar 21:32 Yehoshua 6:25; Yehoshua 7:2, Yehoshua 7:2; Yehoshua 14:7 (all ), Shoftim 18:2 (‖ חָקַר), v Shoftim 18:14, Shoftim 18:17 Shmuel Beis 10:3 (‖ חָקַר), Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:3, so also pt. Breishis 42:30, Yehoshua 6:22; pt., direct object om., as adjective, אֲנַשִׁים מְרַגְּלִים Yehoshua 2:1, compare Yehoshua 6:23 (both ); as noun, spies Shmuel Alef 26:4; Shmuel Beis 15:10, and so perhaps (as pred.) Breishis 42:9, Breishis 42:11, Breishis 42:14, Breishis 42:16, Breishis 42:31, Breishis 42:34 (all E).

past (עבר) 1st singular תִּרְגַּלְתִּי לְאֶכְּרַיִם Hoshea 11:3 I taught Ephr. to walk (si vera l.; see Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 55 h).

רַגְלִי

adjective on foot;—אִישׁ ר׳ (after num.) footmen, especially foot-soldiers, Shoftim 20:2; Shmuel Beis 8:4 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:4; Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:18 (פָּרָשִׁים in ‖ Shmuel Beis 10:18); elsewhere ר׳ as noun, usually coll., of Isr. at Exod. Shemos 12:37; Bamidbar 11:21 (both ); = foot-soldiery Shmuel Alef 4:10; Shmuel Alef 15:4; Shmuel Beis 10:6; Melachim Alef 20:29; Melachim Beis 13:7; n. plural רַגְלִים footmen, men on foot Yirmiya 12:5 (opposite הַסּוּסִיס).

רֶ֫גֶם

proper name (masc.) (Gesenius' Thesaurus cp. Arabic رَجْمٌ friend; see also Sabean רגם Hal ^{63, 4});—Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:47, Ραγεμ, Ρεγεμ, SeptuagintL Ρεγμα.

רֶ֫גֶם מֶ֫לֶךְ

proper name (masc.) exilic, Zecharia 7:2; Αρβεσεερ ὁ Βασιλεύς.

רָגַן

verb murmur, whisper (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Targum Ithpe. backbite, slander);—

murmur (rebelliously):

participle (בינוני) plural רוֹגְנִים Yeshaya 29:24 murmurers;

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural וַיֵּרָֽגְנוּ Tehillim 106:25 and they murmured in their tents, so 2nd masculine plural וַיֵרָֽגְנוּ Devarim 1:27.

whisper (maliciously), backbite, slander:

participle (בינוני) נִרְגָּן backbiter Mishlei 16:28; Mishlei 18:8; Mishlei 26:20, Mishlei 26:22.

רָגַע

verb disturb (Mishnaic Hebrew Hiph. move to and fro; perhaps transp. from Arabic رَعَجَ disturb, BA^{ES 8});—

past (עבר) Iyov 26:12 בְּכֹחוֹ רָגַע הַיָּם; participle (בינוני) construct (Gesenius ^{65d. 116 g, x}), Yirmiya 31:35 = Yeshaya 51:15 רֹגַע הַיָּם וַיֶּהֱמוּ גַלָּיו.

denom. from רֶגַע make a twinkling, only 1st singular future (עתיד) cohort. וְעַד אַרְגִּ֫יעָה לְשׁוֹן שָׁ֑קֶר and while I would twinkle (= only for a moment: compare Iyov 20:5) is the false tongue (opposite תִּכּוֹן לָעַד), Mishlei 12:19 (compare De); and כִּי אַרְגִּ֫יעָה אֲרִיצֶנּוּ מֵעָלֶיהָ I will twinkle and (= I will in a moment, Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 120 g; compare Hitzig) chase them away from it, Yirmiya 49:19 = Yirmiya 50:44. (Barth^{§ 86} as noun = רֶגַע, of the very rare type ʾaqtîl; -ה as Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 90 f.)

רֶ֫גַע

noun (masc.) a moment (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Targum רינעא Koheles 9:12: probably properly a movement, that is twinkling, of the eye; compare momentum, that is movimentum);—absolute ר׳, רָ֑גַע Bamidbar 16:21 +, plural רְגָעִים;—

Tehillim 30:6 ר׳ בְּאַפּוֹ a moment (passes) in his anger (opposite היים ברצונו); Yeshaya 54:7 בְּר׳ קָטֹן during a little moment.

usually in adverb phrases:—(a) as adverb direct object, (α) Shemos 33:5 ר׳ אֶהָד for one moment, so ר׳ alone Yeshaya 54:8; repeated Yirmiya 18:7, Yirmiya 18:9 רֶגַע … רֶגַע at one moment … at another moment; (β) in a moment, suddenly, Tehillim 6:11 יָשׁוּבוּ יֵבשׁוּ רָ֑גַע, Yirmiya 4:20; Yeshaya 47:9; Iyov 34:20. (b) בְּרֶגַע in a moment Iyov 21:13 ובר׳ שְׁאוֹל יֵחַ֫תּוּ (of a quick and painless death; but see Iyov 34:20 Tehillim 73:19: Hoffmann Buhl Beer Budde Duhm [compare Septuagint ἐν ἀναπαύσει, Targum בְּמַרְגּוֹעָא] take רֶגַע (or read רְגֹעַ) as noun [√ II. רָגַע] in tranquillity, of a peaceful death). So (c) בִּר׳ Bamidbar 16:21 = Bamidbar 17:10 יַאֲכַלֶּה אֹתָם בְּרָ֑גַע, Tehillim 73:19. (d) בְּמוֹ ר׳ Eicha 4:6. (e) עֲדֵי רָ֑גַע while a moment lasts Iyov 20:5. (f) כִּמְעַט ר׳ like the littleness of a moment = for a little moment Yeshaya 26:20; Ezra 9:8. (g) plural לִרְגָעִים by moments, at every moment, Yeshaya 27:3; Yechezkel 26:16 וְהָֽרְדוּ ל׳ (so Yechezkel 32:10), Iyov 7:18 (‖ לִבְקָרִים).

רָגַע²

verb be at rest, repose (probably = Arabic رَجَعَ return, proposes return to rest, after wanderings, etc.);—

imperative (ציווי) 2nd feminine singular Yirmiya 47:6 (of sword) be gathered into thy scabbard, הֵרָֽגְעִי וָדֹ֫מִּי repose, and be still.

trans. give rest to;—infinitive (מקור) construct Yirmiya 31:2 הָלוֹךְ לְהַרְגִּיעוֹ I will go to give him (Isr.) rest, Yirmiya 50:34 לְמַעַן הִרְגִּיעַ את־הארץ (on הִ׳, see Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 531 Driver Devarim 7:24; read probably הַ׳); Yeshaya 51:4 ומשׁפטי לאור עמים אַרְגִּיעַ usually I will cause my judgment (religion) to repose as, etc. (that is I will establish it; compare שִׂים Yeshaya 42:4); but metaphorically strange: hence Bachm Cheyne Marti (joining to v Yeshaya 51:5) צִדְקִי (< אֲקָרֵב Yeshaya 46:13) אַרְגִּיעַ אַקְּרִיב in a moment (I. רָגַע Hiph.) will I bring near, etc., Duhm הִרְגִּיעַ קָרֵב, Oort Ry Kittel בְּרֶגַע קָרֵב (compare Septuagint ἐγγίζει ταχύ).

intrans. rest, repose, Devarim 28:65 ובגוים ההם לא תַרְגִּיעַ, Yeshaya 34:14 שָׁם הִרְגִּ֫יעָה לִילִית. So Ecclus Ben Sira 36:31.

רָגַע³

verb harden (Ethiopic ረግዐ: coagulate, congeal: poss. development of √ رَجَعَ, see II. ר׳);—Qal, pf. in Iyov 7:5 עוֹרִי רָגַע וַיִּמָּאֵס my skin hardens, and (then) runs again (II. מָאַס), of the ulcers in elephantiasis.

רַדַּי

proper name (masc.) fifth son of Jesse, according to Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:14; Ζαδδαι, A Ραδδαι, SeptuagintL Ρεδαι.

רָדָה

verb have dominion, rule, dominate (Mishnaic Hebrew רָדָה, Targum Yonasan רְדָא, chastise; Arabic رَدَى tread, trample; Syriac ܪܕܳܐ chastise, also (and so Assyrian radû) go, flow);—

past (עבר) 3rd plural consec. וְרָדוּ Yeshaya 14:2; Vayikra 26:17; 2nd masculine plural רְדִיתֶם Yechezkel 34:4; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular with suffix יִרְדֶּנּוּ Vayikra 25:53, וַיִּרְדֶּ֑נָּה Eicha 1:13, juss. וְיֵרְדְּ Bamidbar 24:19 Tehillim 72:8; 2nd masculine singular תִּרְדֶּה Vayikra 25:43, Vayikra 25:46, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. רְדֵה Tehillim 110:2; mpl. רְדוּ Breishis 1:28; (Yoel 4:13 see ירד); infinitive (מקור) construct רְדוֹת Yechezkel 29:15; participle (בינוני) רֹדֶה Melachim Alef 5:4; Yeshaya 14:6; with suffix רִדֵם Tehillim 68:28; plural הָרֹרִים Melachim Alef 5:30 + 2 times;—have dominion, rule, over, usually c. ב person vel pop. Melachim Alef 5:4, Melachim Alef 5:30; Melachim Alef 9:23 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 8:10; Yeshaya 14:2; Vayikra 25:43, Vayikra 25:46, Vayikra 25:53; Vayikra 26:17; Yechezkel 29:15; Nechemia 9:28 Tehillim 49:15; ב of fish, etc., Breishis 1:26, Breishis 1:28; בְּקֶרֶב Tehillim 110:2; with a direct object person Yechezkel 34:4; Yeshaya 14:6 (perhaps + direct object cogn., see [מִרְדָּה] below); direct object om. Bamidbar 24:19 (מִיַּעֲקֹב), Yirmiya 5:31 (+ עַל־יְדֵיהֶם, see יָד 5 h (2); vid. also ingenious conjunction under II. רדה; but < Gr יוֹרוּ teach), Tehillim 72:8; for וַיִּרְדֶּנָּה Eicha 1:13 and it (the fire) prevailed against them (my bones), read perhaps יָרָ֑דָה into my bones it descended (Budde).—רֹדֵם Tehillim 68:28 is doubtful; Grill Hupfeld-Nowack Cheyne Duhm קִדֵּם. יְרַד Shoftim 5:13^(×2) see יָרַד.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וּמְלָכִים יַרְדְּ Yeshaya 41:2 and kings he causeth (him) to dominate; but apoc. form strange, read יָרֹד (√ רדד q.see) Ewald Dillmann Duhm; יַחֲרִד Septuagint Klostermann Cheyne.

רָדָה²

verb scrape out (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, scrape or draw off, out (bread from oven));—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ הַדְּבָ֑שׁ Shoftim 14:9 out of the carcass he scraped the honey (see G.F. Moore); with suffix וַיִּרְדֵּהוּ אֶל־בַּפָּיו v Shoftim 14:9 he scraped it out into his palms; Buhl ^Lex Duhm also ר׳ עַל־יְדֵיהֶם Yirmiya 5:31, sc. gifts, money, figuratively for making gain (most I. רדה q.see).

רַדַּי²

proper name see רדד.

רָדַף

verb pursue, chase, persecute (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, Aramaic רְדַף, ܪܕܰܦ; Arabic رَدَفَ; Sabean רדף the same, SabDenkm^{Noldeke. 7, 1, 2});—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ Shoftim 4:16 +; 1st singular וְרָדַפְתִּ֫י Yirmiya 29:18, etc.; future (עתיד) יִרְדֹּף Devarim 19:6 +, יִֽרַדֹּף Tehillim 7:6 (appar. to give choice of Qal or Pi, Ki JHMich Baethgen and elsewhere; Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 63 n expl. as developed from יִרֲדֹף, compare Olshausen's Hebrew Grammar § 236 e, and, further, Konig^{i. 160}), with suffix יִרְדָּפֶ֑ךָ Yechezkel 35:6^(×2), etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. רְדֹף Breishis 44:4 +, with suffix רָדְפֵהוּ Tehillim 34:15; mpl. רִדְפוּ Shoftim 3:28 +;, infinitive (מקור) construct לִרְדֹּף Yehoshua 8:16 +, מִרְדֹף Shmuel Alef 23:28; Shmuel Beis 18:16, with suffix רָדְפִי Tehillim 38:21 Keri, רדופי Kesiv, etc.; participle (בינוני) רֹדֵף Shoftim 4:22 +, plural רֹדְפִים Shoftim 8:4 +;—

pursue (sometimes + הִשִּׂיג): literally c. אַהֲרֵי person, in order to overtake Breishis 44:4, Melachim Beis 5:21; especially with hostile purpose Breishis 31:23 (+ הִדְבִּיק), Breishis 35:5; Yehoshua 24:6 (all E), Yehoshua 2:5, Yehoshua 2:7^(×2); Yehoshua 8:16^(×2), Yehoshua 8:17; Yehoshua 10:19, Devarim 11:4; Devarim 19:6; Yehoshua 20:5 (all D), Shemos 14:4, Shemos 14:8, Shemos 14:9, Shoftim 1:6; Shmuel Beis 20:6, Shmuel Beis 20:7, Shmuel Beis 20:10, Shmuel Beis 20:13; Melachim Beis 9:27 + 17 times, + Melachim Beis 25:5 (אַהַר), + Shoftim 4:16 (אַהֲרֵי הָרֶכֶב); + רִדְפוּ אַהֲרַי Shoftim 3:28 = follow me (as leader; but this meaning not elsewhere; read רְדוּ Septuagint Kittel G.F. Moore).

literally, with a direct object person, put to flight, chase (defeated foe; sometimes c. הִשִּׂיג): Amos 1:11; Hoshea 8:3; Devarim 32:30 (poem; ‖ הֵנִיס), Devarim 28:22, Devarim 28:45; Yehoshua 23:10, Vayikra 26:8^(×2); וְרָדַף אֹתָם קוֹל עָלֶה נִדָּף v Vayikra 26:36; Yehoshua 7:5; Yehoshua 8:24; Yehoshua 10:10; Yehoshua 11:8 (all ), Breishis 14:15; Devarim 1:44; Shoftim 4:22; Yeshaya 41:3 + 13 times + Shoftim 7:25 (read אֶת־ for אֶל־, Septuagint Vulgate Targum G.F. Moore Budde Nowack).

literally, direct object om. Shoftim 8:4; Shmuel Alef 30:8 (+ הִשִּׂיג), v Shmuel Alef 30:10; Breishis 14:14; Shemos 14:23, Shemos 15:9 (poem; + הִשִּׂיג), Vayikra 26:36, Vayikra 26:37, Mishlei 28:1; especially pt. plural הָר׳ the pursuers Yehoshua 2:16^(×2), Yehoshua 2:22^(×2;) Nechemia 9:11; Yeshaya 30:16, so הָרֹדֵף Yehoshua 8:20; Eicha 1:6.

chase, hunt, partridge (קֹרֵא) Shmuel Alef 26:20 (in simile; ‖ בִּקֵּשׁ).

pursue, in figuratively, Yirmiya 20:11; Eicha 4:19, רִדְפוּ וְתִפְשׂוּהוּ Tehillim 71:11, compare Eicha 1:3; Tehillim 7:6 (+ הִשִּׂיג; see above); especially subj. י׳, pursue (figuratively of punishment, judgment), c. אחרי Yirmiya 29:18 (בַּהֶרֶב), direct object person Eicha 3:43 (om. v Eicha 3:66), Tehillim 83:16 (בְּסַעֲרֶ֑ךָ); אֶת־קַשׁ יָבֵשׁ תִּרְדֹּף Iyov 13:25 (‖ תַּעֲרוֹץ); רֹדְכָּם, of מַלְאַךְ י׳, Tehillim 35:6.

figuratively persecute, harass, with a direct object person Devarim 30:7; Iyov 19:22 (כְּמוֹ־אֵל), Tehillim 69:27; Tehillim 109:16; Tehillim 119:86, Tehillim 119:161; with a direct object נַפְשִׁי Tehillim 143:3, with a direct object נְדִבָתִי Iyov 30:15 (but subj. obscure; read perhaps תֵּרָדֵף Budde; Duhm תִּנָּדֵף); c. ל person Iyov 19:28; pt. as noun Yirmiya 15:15; Yirmiya 17:18 Tehillim 7:2; Tehillim 31:16 (‖ אוֹיְבַי; Wellhausen מְרַדְּפָ֑י for מֵרֹדְפָ֑י), Tehillim 35:3; Tehillim 119:84, Tehillim 119:157 (+ צָרַי), Tehillim 142:7.

pursue, dog, subj. דָּם, with a direct object person Yechezkel 35:6^(×2) (del v a Septuagint Co Toy Krae); in good sense, attend closely upon, טוֹב וָחֶסֶד יִרְדְּפוּנִי Tehillim 23:6.

figuratively follow after, aim to secure: in bad sense, with a direct object שַׁלְמֹנִים Yeshaya 1:23, שֵׁכָר Yeshaya 5:11, ר׳ קָדִים Hoshea 12:2, רֹדְפֵי זִמָּה Tehillim 119:150; good sense, c. inf. לְדַעַת אֶת־י׳ Hoshea 6:3, with a direct object צֶדֶק Devarim 16:20 Yeshaya 51:1 (‖ מְבַקְשֵׁי י׳), צְדָקָה וָהָ֑סֶד Mishlei 21:21, שָׁלוֹם Tehillim 34:15 (‖ בַּקֵּשׁ), טוֹב Tehillim 38:21.

passive: past (עבר) 1st plural עַל־צַוָּארֵנוּ נִרְדָּ֑פְנוּ Eicha 5:5 upon our neck (that is closely) we are pursued (improb., compare Budde); perhaps future (עתיד) 3rd feminine singular תֵּרָדֵף Iyov 30:15 Budde (for תִּרְדֹּף); participle (בינוני) א׳ יְבַקֵּשׁ אֶת־נִרְדָּ֑ף Koheles 3:15 God seeketh the pursued, (that is what has disappeared, is past, but doubtful).

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular consec. וְּרִדְּפָה Hoshea 2:9; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְרַדֶּף־ Nachum 1:8 (Tehillim 7:6 see Qal); 3rd feminine singular תְּדַדֵּף Mishlei 13:21; participle (בינוני) מְרַדֵּף Mishlei 11:19 +;—pursue ardently, with a direct object person Hoshea 2:9 (in figuratively); figuratively also וְאֹיְבָיו יְר׳ הֹשֶׁךְ Nachum 1:8 (Gunk^{journal ZAW xiii (1893), 230}, plausibly, רֶהְדֹּף), compare Mishlei 13:21; elsewhere pt., in Pr: aim (eagerly) to secure, with a direct object רָעָה Mishlei 11:19, רֵיקִים Mishlei 12:11; Mishlei 28:19, אֲמָרִים Mishlei 19:7 (meaning doubtful, see Toy); in good sense, צְדָקָה Mishlei 15:9.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular consec. וְרֻדַּף כְמֹץ הָרִים Yeshaya 17:13 it shall be chased away like chaff of the mountains (‖ וְנָס).

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular with suffix הִרְּדִיפֻהוּ Shoftim 20:43 usually they chased him (Benj., coll.), but strange after כִּתְּרוּ surrounded (still stranger after כתתו or כרתו Septuagint), and why Hiph.? G.F. Moore conjunction dittogr. of הִדְרִיכֻהוּ following; the reverse conjectured by Budde Nowack.

רַ֫הַב

n.[m.] literally storm, arrogance, but only as names, see below;—absolute ר׳ Yeshaya 30:7, רָ֑הַב Iyov 9:13 +;—

mythical sea monster (compare Barton ^{JAOS xv. 1 (1891), 22 f.}): עֹזְרֵי ר׳ Iyov 9:13; ‖ יָם Iyov 26:12; ‖ תַּנִּין Yeshaya 51:9; Tehillim 89:11

emblemat. name of Egypt, רַהַב וּבָבֶל Tehillim 87:4; ‖ מצרים Yeshaya 30:7.

רָהִיט

noun (masc.)coll. rafters? boards? (as strips running between beams? so Budde conjunction; compare Syriac ܪܗܛܐ boards (?), Noldeke in Budde);—with suffix רָהִיטֵנוּ Shir HaShirim 1:17 Keri (Kesiv רחיטנו; Codd. רַח׳ Baer ^{p. 46} Konig^{ii. 1, 149}), ‖ קֹרוֹת.

רָוָה

verb be saturated, drink one’s fill (Mishnaic Hebrew in der. spec.; Arabic رَوِىَ; Ethiopic ረወየ: Aramaic רְוִי, ܪܘܳܐ );—

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular consec. וְרָֽוְתָה מִדָּמָם Yirmiya 46:10, figuratively of sword (‖ שָֽׂבְעָה, אָֽכְלָה); future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural יִרְוְיֻן כִ דֶּשֶׁן בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ Tehillim 36:9 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 75 u) figuratively of men (‖ תַּשְׁקֵם); 1st plural נִרְוֶה דֹדִים Mishlei 7:18 we will take our fill of love (‖ נִתְעַלְּסָה).

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular רִוְּתָה Yeshaya 34:5, וְר׳ consec. v Yeshaya 34:7; 1st singular consec. וְרִוֵּיתִי Yirmiya 31:14; future (עתיד) 1st singular with suffix אֲרַיָּ֫וֶךְ Yeshaya 16:9 (read probably אֲרַוַּ֫יִךְ Margolis^{Am. J. Sem. Lang., Oct. 1902, 48}, vid. also Konig^{i. 589 f.}; > אֲרַוָּ֫יֶךְ Stade's Hebrew Grammar § 634 e Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 75 dd); 3rd masculine plural with suffix יְרַוֻּךָ Mishlei 5:19; infinitive (מקור) absolute רַוֵּה Tehillim 65:11 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 113 z);—

intens. be intoxicated, drunk Yeshaya 34:5, figuratively of sword; + מִדָּם v Yeshaya 34:7, of land (‖ יְדֻשָּׁ֑ן).

causat., drench, water abundantly, with a direct object תְּלָמֶיהָ Tehillim 65:11; Yeshaya 16:9 with a direct object person + דִּמְעָתִי material; saturate (figuratively), sate, ור׳ נֶפֶשׁ הַכֹּהֲנִים דָּ֑שֶׁן Yirmiya 31:14 (‖ שׂבע); sexually, דַּדֶּיהָ יְרַוֻּךָ Mishlei 5:19.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הִרְוָה Yeshaya 55:10, with suffix הִרְוַנִי Eicha 3:15; 2nd masculine singular with suffix הִרְוִיתָ֑נִי Yeshaya 43:24; 1st singular הִרְוֵיתִי Yirmiya 31:25; participle (בינוני) מַרְוֶה Mishlei 11:25;—saturate, water, with a direct object ארץ Yeshaya 55:10 (subj. שֶׁלֶג, גֶּשֶׁם); cause to drink (figuratively), c.direct object personetrei (לַעֲנָה) Eicha 3:15 (‖ הִשְׂבִּיעַנִי); with a direct object person only (נֶפֶשׁ) Yirmiya 31:25 (‖ מִלֵּאתִי), absolute Mishlei 11:25; of Isr. satisfying י׳, חֵלֶב זְבָתִים Yeshaya 43:24.

future (עתיד) יוּרֶא (יָרְוֶה?) Mishlei 11:25 see Toy and ירא p. 432.

רִי

n.[m.] moisture (for *רְוִי Stade's Hebrew Grammar § 117 c, or רִוְיְ Konig^{ii. 1, 64}; compare ii. כִּי);—absolute בְּרִי יַטְרִיחַ עָ֑ב Iyov 37:11.

רָוֶה

adjective watered;—ms. ר׳, of garden גַּן (in simile) Yirmiya 31:12 Yeshaya 58:11; fs. הָרָוָה Devarim 29:18 (opposite הַצְּמֵאָה; appar. of herbage, in proverb. expression for everything); perhaps also construct רְוֵה Iyov 10:15 = sated with affliction (for רְאֵה), see [רָאֶה].

רְוָיָה

noun (fem.) saturation (Lagarde^{BN 51, 150});—absolute כּוֹסִי ר׳ Tehillim 23:5 (figuratively), that is is well-filled Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 141 c; in generally לָר׳ Tehillim 66:12, but old versions and most mod. לָֽרְוָחָה to (a place of) relief.

רוּחַ

noun (fem.) Breishis 41:8 (less often m. Bamidbar 11:31) breath, wind, spirit;—absolute ר׳ Breishis 8:1 +, ר֑וּחָה Yirmiya 52:23; construct רוּחַ Breishis 6:17 +; with suffix רוּחִי v Breishis 6:3 +, רוּחֲךָ Tehillim 104:30 +, etc.; plural רוּחוֹת v Tehillim 104:4 +, רֻחוֹת Yirmiya 49:36, רוּחֹת Bamidbar 16:22; Bamidbar 26:16 (see Br^{רוה in OT, JBL xix (1900), 132 ff.}, full statement of all passages);—

breath of mouth or nostrils (33 times):

רוּחַ פִּיו Iyov 15:30 breath of his mouth, compare Iyov 19:17; רוּחַ אַפֵּינוּ Eicha 4:20 (figuratively of king), of idols לֹא רוּחַ בָּם Yirmiya 10:14 = Yirmiya 51:17, Chavakuk 2:19 Tehillim 135:17; compare Iyov 9:18

as mere breath: compare 2 e. דִּבְרֵי־רוּחַ Iyov 16:3 that is windy words; לְרוּחַ אִמְרֵי נוֹאָשׁ Iyov 6:26, הַנְּבִיאִים יִהְיוּ לְרוּחַ Yirmiya 5:13.

as word of command: (1) of God: בְּרוּחַ פִּיו כָּל־ (נעשׂו) צְבָאָם Tehillim 33:6, compare Yeshaya 34:16 (‖ פֶּה); (2) of Messianic king: בְּרוּחַ שְׂפָתָיו יָמִית רָשָׁע Yeshaya 11:4.

as hard breathing through the nostrils in anger: (1) of God: מֵרוּחַ אַפּוֹ יִכְלוּ Iyov 4:9 Shemos 15:8 (poem), Shmuel Beis 22:16 = Tehillim 18:16, Yeshaya 30:28; Yeshaya 59:19; (2) of man: רוּחַ עָרִיצִים Yeshaya 25:4.

as sign and symbol of life: רוּחַ חַוִּים breath of life Breishis 6:17; Breishis 7:15; נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו Breishis 7:22; Yechezkel 37:5, compare v Yechezkel 37:6, Yechezkel 37:8, Yechezkel 37:9^(×3), Yechezkel 37:10, Yechezkel 37:14 (breath or spirit), Koheles 3:19.

wind (117 times):

wind of heaven: Breishis 8:1 Shemos 15:10 Bamidbar 11:31 Melachim Alef 18:45 +, Yirmiya 10:13, thence Yirmiya 51:16 Tehillim 135:7; רוּחַ י׳ Hoshea 13:15 Yeshaya 40:7, compare Iyov 26:13 (Dillmann Budde); †רוּחַ (ה)קָדִים east wind Shemos 10:13^(×2); Shemos 14:21 Tehillim 48:8 Yirmiya 18:17 Yechezkel 17:10; Yechezkel 19:12; Yechezkel 27:26 Yonah 4:8; †ר׳ צָפוֹן north wind Mishlei 25:23; †ר׳ יָם sea wind (west wind) Shemos 10:19; †ר׳ הַיּוֹם day wind, evening wind Breishis 3:8 (J; compare Shir HaShirim 2:17; Shir HaShirim 4:6); †אַרְבַּע רוּחוֹת four winds Yirmiya 49:36 Yechezkel 37:9 (quarters?) Daniel 8:8; Daniel 11:4 (figuratively quarters; compare b), Zecharia 2:10; Zecharia 6:5; רוּחַ סְעָרָה storm wind Tehillim 107:25; Tehillim 148:8 Yechezkel 1:4 (ר׳ סְעָרוֹת), Yechezkel 13:11, Yechezkel 13:13; רוּחַ סֹעָה rushing wind Tehillim 55:9 (read poss. סערה Hupfeld); בַּעְיָם רוּחוֹ Yeshaya 11:15 (read בְּעֹצֶם ר׳, see עֲיָם, עֹצֶם), etc.; wind personif.: כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ Shmuel Beis 22:11 = Tehillim 18:11, Tehillim 104:3, compare Hoshea 4:19 Tehillim 104:4.

quarter (of wind), side: רוּחַ הַקָּדִים Yechezkel 42:16 east side; רוּחַ הַצָּפוֹן v Yechezkel 42:17 north side; רוּחַ הַדָּרוֹם v Yechezkel 42:18 south side; רוּחַ הַיָּם v Yechezkel 42:19 west side; אַרְבַּע רוּחוֹת v Yechezkel 42:20 Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:24 four sides; ר֑וּחָה Yirmiya 52:23 on the sides.

breath of air: שָׁאֲפוּ רוּחַ כַּתַּנִּים Yirmiya 14:6; רוּחַ לֹא יָבֹא בֵינֵיהֶם Iyov 41:8.

air, gas, from womb (doubtful); כְּמוֹ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Yeshaya 26:18 (Dillmann, e); רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם (Revised Version breath) Yeshaya 33:11 (Duhm, 3 c).

vain, empty thing: רוּחַ חַיְּי֑ Iyov 7:7 my life is wind; דַּעַת רוּחַ Iyov 15:2; רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Yeshaya 41:29; רְעוּת רוּחַ striving for wind Koheles 1:14; Koheles 2:11, Koheles 2:17, Koheles 2:26; Koheles 4:4, Koheles 4:6; Koheles 6:9; compare Koheles 1:17; Koheles 4:16; Koheles 5:15 Hoshea 12:2 Tehillim 78:39.

spirit, as breathing quickly in animation, agitation = temper, disposition (76 times; so, distinctively, as compared with נֶפֶשׁ and לֵבָב):

spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour: לֹא הָיָה בָהּ עוֹד רוּחַ Melachim Alef 10:5 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:4; מַה־זֶּה רוּחֲךָ סָרָה Melachim Alef 21:5; וַתְּחִי רוּחַ Breishis 45:27; וַתָּשָׁב רוּחוֹ Shoftim 15:19; Shmuel Alef 30:12.

courage: לֹא הָיָה בָם עוֹד ר׳ Yehoshua 5:1; יִבְצֹר ר׳ נְגִידִים Tehillim 76:13; וְנָֽבְקָה ר׳ מִצְרַיִם Yeshaya 19:3; תתעטּף רוּחִי Tehillim 77:4; Tehillim 142:4; Tehillim 143:4; עוֹד ר׳ לֹא קָמָה Yehoshua 2:11; ר׳ אִישׁ יְכַלְכֵּל מַחֲלֵהוּ Mishlei 18:14.

temper, especially anger: רוּחָ רָעָה בֵּין וגו׳ Shoftim 9:23; אָז רָֽפְתָה רוּחָם Shoftim 8:3; משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֹ Mishlei 16:32, compare Mishlei 25:28; Mishlei 29:11; Iyov 15:13; הֵנִיחוּ אֶת־רוּחִי Zecharia 6:8; Koheles 7:9; Koheles 10:4.

impatience or patience: קֹצֶר רוּחַ Shemos 6:9 impatience, hastiness of temper, compare (of י׳) Micha 2:7; קְצַר־רוּחַ Mishlei 14:29 (‖ אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם); הֱצִיקַתְנִי רוּחַ בִּטְנִי Iyov 32:18 (Duhm breath; Dillmann Budde divine spirit, compare v Iyov 32:8); אִם מַדּוּעַ לֹא־תִקְצַר רוּחִי Iyov 21:4; הֲקָצַר רוּחַ י׳ Micha 2:7; אֶרֶךְ ר׳ Koheles 7:8.

spirit, disposition, as troubled, bitter, or discontented; וַתִּפָּעֶם רוּח(י) (his) spirit was troubled Breishis 41:8 Daniel 2:3, compare v Daniel 2:1; מֹרַת רוּחַ Breishis 26:35 bitterness of spirit; עֲצוּבַת ר׳ Yeshaya 54:6, compare Yechezkel 3:14; Iyov 6:4.

as crushed: וְכִהֲתָה כָל־רוּחַ Yechezkel 21:12, compare Yeshaya 61:3; Mishlei 15:4, Mishlei 15:13; Mishlei 17:22; Mishlei 18:14 Tehillim 143:7.

disposition of various kinds, often unaccountable and uncontrollable impulse: הֵעִיר אֶת־רוּחַ Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:26^(×2;) Divrei HaYamim Beis 21:16; Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:22; Ezra 1:1, Ezra 1:5; Yirmiya 51:11; Chaggai 1:14^(×3); הִנְנִי ן(וֹ)תֵן בּוֹ רוּחַ Melachim Beis 19:7 = Yeshaya 37:7; Bamidbar 14:24 (J; see עִם 4 b), Malachi 2:15^(×2), Malachi 2:16; Devarim 2:30; רוּחַ קִנְאָה jealous disposition Bamidbar 5:14^(×2), Bamidbar 5:30; רוּחַ זְנוּנִים Hoshea 4:12; Hoshea 5:4; רוּחַ עִוְעִים Yeshaya 19:14; רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט Yeshaya 28:6; אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים בּוֹ (administrative) Breishis 41:38; קַר רוּחַ אִישׁ תְּבוּנָה Mishlei 17:27.

prophetic spirit: יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־ רוּחַ בּוֹ Bamidbar 27:18 (P; or g, as Breishis 41:38); רוּחַ אֵלִיָּהוּ עַל־אֱלִישָׁע Melachim Beis 2:15, compare v Melachim Beis 2:9; רוּחַ תַּרְדֵּמָה spirit of deep sleep (ecstatic, compare Breishis 2:21; Breishis 15:12, but Dillmann and elsewhere g, as Yeshaya 19:14) Yeshaya 29:10; Micha 2:11; רוּחַ הַטֻּמְאָה Zecharia 13:2 (of lying proph.), compare Yechezkel 13:3.

spirit of the living, breathing being, dwelling in the בָּשָׂר of men and animals, ‖ נֶפֶשׁ (25 times):

gift and creation of God: יֹצֵר רוּחַ אָדָם בְּקִרְבּוֹ Zecharia 12:1; רוּחַ אֱלוֹהַּ בְּאַפִּי Iyov 27:3, compare Yeshaya 42:5.

God preserves it: פְּקֻדָּֽתְךָ שָֽׁמְרָה רוּחִי Iyov 10:12, compare Iyov 12:10; אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל בָּשָׂ֑ר Bamidbar 16:22; Bamidbar 27:16; תֹּכֵן רוּחוֹת Mishlei 16:2.

it is therefore God’s spirit: Breishis 6:3 (J; see דִּין ad fin.).

it departs at death: Tehillim 78:39 (Driver a wind that passeth away 2 e); חַיֵּי רוּחִי Yeshaya 38:16 (Dillmann principle of life), Tehillim 146:4; especially Tehillim 104:29, Tehillim 104:30; Iyov 17:1; Iyov 34:14 (compare v Iyov 34:15), Yeshaya 57:16; Koheles 8:8^(×2) (wind Wild); אֵינְךָ יוֹדֵעַ מַה־דֶּרֶךְ הָרוּחַ Koheles 11:5, compare Koheles 3:21; over ag. הָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ Koheles 12:7; בְּיָֽדְךָ אַפְקִיד רוּחִי Tehillim 31:6.

disembodied being (doubtful, Dillmann Duhm breath of wind): וְרוּחַ עַל־פָּנַי יַחֲלֹף Iyov 4:15.

spirit as seat of emotion = נֶפֶשׁ:

desire (poss. 3 g), Yeshaya 26:9 (‖ נֶפֶשׁ).

sorrow, trouble (probably 3 e), Iyov 7:11 (‖ נֶפֶשׁ).—Shmuel Alef 1:15 see קָשֶׁה.

occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts, ‖ לֵב, or synon. with it: רוּחַ חָכְמָה Shemos 28:3; Devarim 34:9 (both P; probably 3 g); תֹּעֵי רוּחַ Yeshaya 29:24, compare Iyov 20:3 (Hitzig Budde Duhm wind of Job’s words), Tehillim 77:7 (Septuagint Sym Peshitta Jer troubled disposition); רוּחַ יהוה Yeshaya 40:13; come into mind Yechezkel 11:5, Yechezkel 20:32 (compare לֵב Yeshaya 65:17; Yirmiya 3:16 +); Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:12.

rarely of the will; also = לֵב: רוּחַ נָכוֹן Tehillim 51:12 (= לֵב נָכוֹן Tehillim 57:8^(×2) +); רוּחַ נְדִיבָה v Tehillim 51:14; נָֽדְבָה רוּחוֹ Shemos 35:21 (P; compare נְדִיב לֵב Shemos 35:5, Shemos 35:22 Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:31).

רוּחַ especially of moral character; also = לֵב: רוחֵ חֲדָשָׁה Yechezkel 11:19; Yechezkel 18:31; Yechezkel 36:26; רוּחִו v Yechezkel 36:27 Yeshaya 59:21 (רוּחִי, ‖ דְּבָרַי; but probably prophetic spirit 9 b); לֵב חָדָשׁ Yechezkel 18:31; Yechezkel 36:26; נְכֵה רוּחַ Yeshaya 66:2; דַּכְּאֵי רוּחַ Tehillim 34:19 (compare לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Yeshaya 57:15); מִשֵּׁבֶר רוּחַ Yeshaya 65:14 (compare 3rd feminine); רוּחַ נִשְׁבָּרָה Tehillim 51:19; (‖ לֵב נִשְׁבָּר, compare נִשְׁבְּרֵי לֵב Tehillim 34:19 Yeshaya 61:1); Tehillim 32:2; Mishlei 11:13; Mishlei 16:18 Tehillim 78:8 Koheles 7:8 (compare גְּבַהּ לֵב Mishlei 16:5); שְׁפַל רוּחַ Mishlei 16:19; Mishlei 29:23; Yeshaya 57:15; רוּחַ שְׁפָלִים v Yeshaya 57:15 (compare 3rd feminine).

spirit of God (94 times; not D or Je or any Deut. writer; conception of its activity in inspiring prophecy probably discredited from abuse by false prophets, see נביא, נבא):

as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy, Bamidbar 11:17, Bamidbar 11:25^(×2), Bamidbar 11:26, Bamidbar 11:29, Shmuel Alef 10:6, Shmuel Alef 10:10 (compare v Shmuel Alef 10:5), Shmuel Alef 19:20, Shmuel Alef 19:23; as inciting to deeds of frenzy, in the ecstatic state; hence conceived as ר׳ אֱלֹהִים רָעָה Shmuel Alef 16:15^(×2), Shmuel Alef 16:16, = ר׳ רָעָה מֵאֵת י׳ v Shmuel Alef 16:14 = צלח ר׳ א׳ רָעָה Shmuel Alef 18:10 (other narrative) = ר׳ י׳ רָעָה Shmuel Alef 19:9; ר׳ א׳ Shmuel Alef 16:23 = רוּחַ הָרָעָה v Shmuel Alef 16:23, compare הָרוּחַ Melachim Alef 22:21 = ר׳ שֶׁקֶר v Melachim Alef 22:22, Melachim Alef 22:23 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:20, Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:21, Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:22 = רוּחַ י׳ Melachim Alef 22:24 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:23; compare also (in earlier prophets) אִישׁ הָרוּחַ, that is one possessed by the spirit in the ecstatic state, ‖ הַנָּבִיא Hoshea 9:7; רוּחַ י׳ Micha 3:8 (‖ כֹּחַ) is probably gloss. (Wellhausen Nowack); וְלֹא רוּחִי Yeshaya 30:1; רוּחַ dealing with Ezek.: Yechezkel 2:2; Yechezkel 3:12, Yechezkel 3:14, Yechezkel 3:24; Yechezkel 8:3; Yechezkel 11:1, Yechezkel 11:5, Yechezkel 11:24 (Co gloss.), Yechezkel 37:1; Yechezkel 43:5 (all implying ecstatic state of vision), compare Elijah Melachim Alef 18:12; Melachim Beis 2:16.

spirit as impelling proph. to utter instruction or warning (higher and later conception): transition probably Bamidbar 24:2; Shmuel Beis 23:2; Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:18; elsewhere in Ch.: Divrei HaYamim Beis 15:1; Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:14; Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:20; distinctly in Yeshaya 11:2, Yeshaya 48:16, compare Yeshaya 61:1; so of ancient prophets, Zecharia 7:12 Nechemia 9:30, compare, of future prophetic gift, Yoel 3:1, Yoel 3:2.

imparting warlike energy, and executive and administrative power: (1) to שֹׁפְטִים, מושִׁיעִים, מְלָכִים, of ancient Isr.: וַתְּהִי רוּחַ י׳ על Shoftim 3:10; Shoftim 11:29, compare Shoftim 6:34; Shoftim 13:25; Shoftim 14:6, Shoftim 14:19; Shoftim 15:14; Shmuel Alef 11:6; Shmuel Alef 16:13, Shmuel Alef 16:14; so also עַד יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ מִמָּרוֹם Yeshaya 32:15; (2) resting upon Messianic king: Yeshaya 11:2^(×3); upon servant of י׳, Yeshaya 42:1.

late, as endowing men with various gifts: technical skill Shemos 31:3; Shemos 35:31; understanding Iyov 32:8 (‖ נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); poured out by divine wisdom Mishlei 1:23.

as energy of life: רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַל־פְּנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם Breishis 1:2; רוּחַ אֵל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי Iyov 33:4 (‖ נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); as vital power, opposite בָּשָׂר: Yeshaya 31:3; in cherubic chariot: Yechezkel 1:12, compare v Yechezkel 1:20, Yechezkel 1:21; Yechezkel 10:17; reviving Israel Yechezkel 39:29; Zecharia 12:10; Yeshaya 44:3.

= ancient angel of the presence and later Shekina: ר׳ קָדְשׁוֹ Yeshaya 63:10, Yeshaya 63:11 = ר׳ י׳ v Yeshaya 63:14 (= מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו v Yeshaya 63:9), compare Tehillim 106:33; so also ר׳ קָדְשְׁךָ Tehillim 51:13 (in national prayer), compare Nechemia 9:20 Tehillim 143:10; proph. of restoration conceive of the divine spirit as standing in their midst and about to fulfil all divine promises: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֹכֲכֶם Chaggai 2:5; Zecharia 4:6; this conception culminates in רוּחַ = divine Presence, and as such omnipresent, Tehillim 139:7 (‖ פָּנֶיךָ; compare v Tehillim 139:8).

רֵיחַ

noun (masc.) Yirmiya 48:11 scent, odour (proposes breath);—absolute Shir HaShirim 2:13 +, usually construct Breishis 8:21 +; with suffix רֵיחוֹ Yirmiya 48:11 Shir HaShirim 1:12, רֵיחֵנוּ Shemos 5:21;—

scent, odour, of plants and fields Breishis 27:27 Shir HaShirim 1:12; Shir HaShirim 2:3; Shir HaShirim 4:11; Shir HaShirim 7:14 Hoshea 14:7, of ointments Shir HaShirim 1:13; Shir HaShirim 4:10, of person and garments Breishis 27:27^(×2) Shir HaShirim 4:11; Shir HaShirim 7:9, of water Iyov 14:9; figuratively of influence, reputation Shemos 5:21 Yirmiya 48:11.

term. techn., רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ odour of soothing (to God), tranquillizing odour (of ascending sacrifices, see נִיחֹחַ) Breishis 8:21, elsewhere Yechezkel 6:13; Yechezkel 16:19; Yechezkel 20:28, Yechezkel 20:41 and P: Shemos 29:18, Shemos 29:25, Shemos 29:41 Vayikra 1:9 + 16 times Lv, Bamidbar 15:3 + 17 times Nu.

רִיחַ

verb denom.

(?), smell, perceive odour;—future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָרִיחַ Iyov 39:25, יָרַח Shmuel Alef 26:19 + 2 times; וַיָּ֫רַח Breishis 8:21; 3rd masculine plural יְרִיח֑וּן Tehillim 115:6, יְרִיחֻ֑ן Devarim 4:28, etc.; infinitive (מקור) construct הָרִיחַ Shemos 30:38, etc.;—smell, with a direct object Breishis 8:21; Breishis 27:27, Shmuel Alef 26:19; absolute Devarim 4:28 Tehillim 115:6; metaphorically בַּהֲרִיחוֹ אֵשׁ Shoftim 16:9, יָרִיחַ מִלְחָמָה Iyov 39:25 the horse scenteth battle; c. ב Shemos 30:38; Vayikra 26:31 (both P); metaphorically = delight in Amos 5:21; Yeshaya 11:3 (probably dittogr. Br^{MP 202}).

רֶ֫וַח

noun (masc.)

space, interval Breishis 32:17 (E; בֵּין … וּבֵין).

respite, relief, Esther 4:14.

רְוָיָה²

רוּם

verb be high, exalted, rise (OHeb, Phoenician, Old Aramaic, Palmyrene, all in proper name; Sabean in רים epith. dei et regis Fell^{ZMG liv (1900), 25f.} also in proper name Mordtm ^{ib. xxx (1876), 36} SabDenkm^{Noldeke. 14, 1. 1}; Arabic رام be high, dial. of Oman (Jayakar^{JA xxi. 813, 875}) and Zanzibar (Prä^{ZMG xxxiv (1880), 218}); Ethiopic in deriv.; Aramaic רָם ܪܘܡ (very often in der. spec. and deriv.));—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular consec. וְרָם Devarim 8:14 +; 3rd feminine singular רָ֫מָה Shmuel Alef 2:1 +; וְרָאֲמָה Zecharia 14:10 see רָאַם; 3rd plural רָמוּ Mishlei 30:13 Tehillim 131:1, רָ֑מּוּ Iyov 22:12 (Baer Gi; Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 20 l); future (עתיד) יָרוּם Yeshaya 30:18 +, juss. יָרֹם Bamidbar 24:7, וַיָּ֫רָם Hoshea 13:6 Yechezkel 10:4 [וַיָּרֻם Shemos 16:20 see רמם]; 3rd masculine plural יְרֻמ֑וּן Yeshaya 49:11, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. ר֫וּמָה Tehillim 21:14 +; infinitive (מקור) construct רוּם Devarim 17:20 Yechezkel 10:16, כְּרֻם Tehillim 12:9 [Baethgen conjunction כֶּרֶם, with suffix רוֹמָם Yechezkel 10:17 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 72 q); participle (בינוני) רָם Yeshaya 6:1 +, plural רָמִים Yeshaya 2:13 +, construct רָמֵי Yeshaya 10:33, etc.;—

be high, literally rock (in figuratively) Tehillim 61:3 (מִן comp.); be (set on) high, רָ֑מּוּ Iyov 22:12 (of stars), especially pt., = adjective, in generally Yeshaya 2:12 (+ גֵּאֶה), of mts. v Yeshaya 2:14; Devarim 12:2, hill Yechezkel 6:13, Yechezkel 20:28; Yechezkel 34:6, throne Yeshaya 6:1, trees = tall Yeshaya 2:13 Yechezkel 17:22, compare (in figuratively) Yeshaya 10:33 (רָמֵי הַקּוֹמָה); human stature Devarim 1:28 (מִן comp.), Devarim 2:10, Devarim 2:21; Devarim 9:2; רָמִים Tehillim 78:69 heights (of heaven; ‖ אֶרֶץ); רָמִים of inhab. of heavens Iyov 21:22.

especially of י׳, רָם וְנִשָּׂא Yeshaya 57:15, compare Tehillim 138:6, + עַל־כַּל־הָעַמִּים Tehillim 99:2, גּוֹיִם Tehillim 113:4.

be raised, uplifted:

of highway Yeshaya 49:11 (made high, put in order); voice, Devarim 27:14 (pt. = adjective) uplifted.

figuratively: of hand, symbol of might, Devarim 32:27, + עַל person Micha 5:8; of Isr. in Exodus בְּיָד רָמָה Shemos 14:8; Bamidbar 33:3 (both P); of י׳’s hand Yeshaya 26:11 Tehillim 89:14 (‖ תָּעֹז); figuratively of presumption Bamidbar 15:30; זְרוֹעַ רָמָה of might Iyov 38:15; of eyes, figuratively of arrogance Mishlei 6:17; Mishlei 30:13 Tehillim 131:1 (‖ גָּבַהּ לִבִּי), so Tehillim 18:28, but ‖ Shmuel Beis 22:28 of person; of heart, figuratively of reckless elation, Hoshea 13:6; Devarim 8:14; Yechezkel 31:10 (בְּגָבְהוֹ, ‖ גָּבַהְתָּ בְּקוֹמָה) Daniel 11:12, + מִן person Devarim 17:20; of horn, figuratively of triumph Shmuel Alef 2:1 (song), Tehillim 89:25 (v Tehillim 89:18 see Hiph.), Tehillim 112:9, so head Tehillim 27:6 (+ עַל person), Tehillim 140:9 (join ירומו to v Tehillim 89:10, but read יָרִימוּ Cheyne, compare Hupfeld-Nowack).

of person, be exalted (in figuratively), king Bamidbar 24:7 (+ מִן comp.; ‖ תִּנַּשֵּׂא); of God (י׳, that is shew his exaltation) Yeshaya 30:18; Shmuel Beis 22:47 = Tehillim 18:47, Tehillim 21:14; Tehillim 46:11^(×2), + עַל־(הַ)שָּׁמַיִם Tehillim 57:6, Tehillim 57:12; Tehillim 108:6; עֶבֶד י׳ Yeshaya 52:13, י׳’s people Tehillim 89:17; rebellious Tehillim 66:7 (Keri; Kesiv Hiph.: shew exaltation); worthlessness (personif.) Tehillim 12:9; foe Tehillim 13:3; city Mishlei 11:11.

be lifted, rise, of ark, מֵעַל־הארץ Breishis 7:17, so of cherubim Yechezkel 10:16, compare v Yechezkel 10:17; כְּבוֹד י׳ v Yechezkel 10:4 (מֵעַל הַכְּרוּב).—Mishlei 24:7 see i. רָאמוֹת p. 910b.

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular with suffix רֹמְמָ֑תְהוּ Yechezkel 31:4; 1st singular רוֹמַמְתִּי Yeshaya 1:2; Yeshaya 23:4; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְרוֹמֵם Hoshea 11:7, with suffix יְרוֹמְמֵנִי Tehillim 27:5, וִירוֹמִמְךָ Tehillim 37:34; 1st singular with suffix וַאֲרֹמְמֶ֑נְהוּ Shemos 15:2 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 58 i), etc. (אֵרוֹמָם see Hithpōʿl.); imperative (ציווי) mpl. רוֹמְמוּ Tehillim 99:5, Tehillim 99:9; infinitive (מקור) construct לְרוֹמֵם Ezra 9:9; participle (בינוני) מְרוֹמֵם Shmuel Alef 2:7, with suffix מְרוֹמְמִי Tehillim 9:14, f. רוֹמֵמָה Tehillim 118:16 (מ om., Hupfeld-Nowack Baethgen; compare Konig^{i. 454});—

raise, rear, children Yeshaya 1:2; Yeshaya 23:4 (both ‖ גִּדֵּל).

cause tree to grow, subj. תְּהוֹם Yechezkel 31:4 (‖ גִּדֵּל).

rear, erect, temple Ezra 9:9.

lift up:

in figuratively, direct object person, subj. י׳ Tehillim 27:5 (+ בְּצוּר); + מִן comp. Shmuel Beis 22:49 = Tehillim 18:49, + מִן from Tehillim 9:14; direct object om. Hoshea 11:7 (si vera l., compare Wellhausen Nowack).

raise waves of sea, subj. wind, Tehillim 107:25.

exalt, direct object person, subj. י׳ Iyov 17:4 (read perhaps תְּרִמֵם, so Budde, compare Dillmann), Tehillim 37:34 (+ לָרֶשֶׁת אָ֑רֶץ); direct object om. Shmuel Alef 2:7 Tehillim 118:16 (in victory); subj. wisdom, direct object person Mishlei 4:8, compare צְדָקָה תְּרוֹמֵם־גּוֹי Mishlei 14:34.

exalt, extol, direct object י׳, Tehillim 30:2, ‖ אוֹדֶה Yeshaya 25:1 Tehillim 118:28, ‖ הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Tehillim 99:5, Tehillim 99:9, ‖ הִלֵּל Tehillim 107:32, ‖ בֵּרַךְ Tehillim 145:1, ‖ אַנְוֵהוּ Shemos 15:2; direct object שֵׁם י׳ Tehillim 34:4 (‖ גִּדֵּל).

future (עתיד) 3rd feminine plural תְּרוֹמַמְנָה Tehillim 75:11 be lifted up, of horns (compare Qal 2 b); past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular וְרוֹמַם Tehillim 66:17 and he was extolled (so Ki and elsewhere; but see רוֹמָם below); participle (בינוני) מְרוֹמַם Nechemia 9:5 extolled, of י׳’s name (compare Pōʿlēl 3), + עַל־בְּרָכָה וג׳.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הֵרִים Melachim Alef 11:27 +; 2nd masculine singular הֲרִימוֹתָ Melachim Beis 19:22 Tehillim 89:43, וַהֲרֵמֹתָ֫ Bamidbar 31:28; 2nd masculine plural consec. וַהֲרֵמֹתֶם Bamidbar 18:26, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָרִים Breishis 41:44 +, juss. יָרֵם Bamidbar 17:2; Shmuel Alef 2:10, וַיָּ֫רֶם Shemos 7:20 +, with suffix וַיְרִימֶהָ Breishis 31:45, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. הָרֵם Shemos 14:16; Yeshaya 58:1, הָרִימָה Tehillim 74:3, etc.; infinitive (מקור) construct הָרִים Yeshaya 10:15 +, with suffix הֲרִימִי Breishis 39:18, etc.; participle (בינוני) מֵרִים Shemos 35:24 +, etc.;—

(1) raise, lift, with a direct object, hand Shemos 17:11, Bamidbar 20:11, + אֶל־י׳ (in oath) Breishis 14:22 compare (אֶל־הַשָּׁמַיִם) Daniel 12:7, + ב person against Melachim Alef 11:26, Melachim Alef 11:27; feet; פְּעָמִים Tehillim 74:3, that is run (+ ל dir.); hand or foot Breishis 41:44, that is make any movement (hyperb.); head Tehillim 110:7 (Assyrian ullû rêšu Delitzsch^{HWB 62a}), compare יָרִימוּ Tehillim 140:9 (so read, see Qal 2 b); face, אֶל־י׳ Ezra 9:6; hand of another, subj. י׳, figuratively of giving strength to, Tehillim 89:43, so head Tehillim 3:4; with a direct object of rod Yeshaya 10:15; Shemos 14:16, הֵרִים בַּמַּטֶּה Shemos 7:20; rod subj., with a direct object rei Yeshaya 10:15. (2) raise poor אֶבְיוֹן, c. מִן location Shmuel Alef 2:8 Tehillim 113:7.

lift up voice Breishis 39:15, Breishis 39:18 (J; both + קָרָא), Yeshaya 40:9^(×2) (direct object om.), Yeshaya 58:1; Ezra 3:12; + בִּתְרוּעָה Yechezkel 21:27, בַּחֲצֹצְרוֹת Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:13; + ל person Yeshaya 13:2, לָעָב Iyov 38:34, + עָל person against Melachim Beis 19:22 = Yeshaya 37:23; הֵרִים בְּקוֹל Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:16.

(take into one’s hand and) lift, take up, stone Yehoshua 4:5 (עַל־שִׁכְמוֹ), leg (of sacrif. meal) Shmuel Alef 9:24, mantle Melachim Beis 2:13, axe Melachim Beis 6:7⁷ (direct object om.), yoke Hoshea 11:4 (עַל־לְחֵיהֶם), censers Bamidbar 17:2 (P; + מִבֵּין), ashes Vayikra 6:3.

set up, erect, stone as מַצֵּבָה Breishis 31:45; standard, + אֶל of people Yeshaya 49:22, עַל Yeshaya 62:10.

set on high, throne, מִמַּעַל לְכוֹכְבֵי אֵל Yeshaya 14:13; nest (subj. נֶשֶׁר) Iyov 39:27.

lift up, exalt, with a direct object person, subj. י׳ Melachim Alef 14:7; Melachim Alef 16:2 Tehillim 89:20 (all c. מִן), Tehillim 75:8 (opposite יַשְׁפִּיל); subj. קָלוֹן Mishlei 3:35, compare Mishlei 14:29; with a direct object קֶרֶן, in both good and bad sense (compare Qal 2 b) Shmuel Alef 2:10; Eicha 2:17 (לַמָּרוֹם), Tehillim 89:18 (Kesiv; Keri Qal), Tehillim 92:11; Tehillim 148:14 Tehillim 75:5, Tehillim 75:6; but Divrei HaYamim Alef 25:5 sound the horn; inf. = exaltation Tehillim 75:7; Tehillim 66:7 see Qal 2 c.

lift up and take away, remove, with a direct object הָעֲטָרָה Yechezkel 21:31; direct object rei + מִן location Yeshaya 57:14, Vayikra 2:9; Vayikra 4:8, Vayikra 4:19; Vayikra 6:8 Bamidbar 18:30, Bamidbar 18:32; = do away with, גְּרֻשֹׁתֵיכֶם Yechezkel 45:9 (מֵעַל of people), הַתָּמִיד Daniel 8:11 (Kesiv; Keri Hoph.); = set apart, מֶכֶס Bamidbar 31:28 (מִן person).

lift off and present, contribute, offer:

to י׳, with a direct object cogn. תְּרוּמָה, Yechezkel 45:13; Yechezkel 48:8, Yechezkel 48:20; Bamidbar 15:20^(×2), Shemos 35:24; + לי׳ Yechezkel 45:1; Yechezkel 48:9; Bamidbar 15:19; Bamidbar 18:19, Bamidbar 18:24; Bamidbar 31:52; תְּרוּמַת י׳ Bamidbar 18:26 (+ מִן rei), v Bamidbar 31:28, Bamidbar 31:29 (all P); ת׳ בֵּית־א׳ Ezra 8:25.

with a direct object rei, + לְי׳ Vayikra 22:15.

contribute, direct object rei, ל person (for sacrif.), Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:24^(×2;) Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:7, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:8 (direct object om.), v Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:9.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הוּרָ֑ם Shemos 29:27, הֻרַם Daniel 8:11 Keri (Kesiv Hiph.); future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יוּרָם Vayikra 4:10;—be taken off from (מִן) Vayikra 4:10, compare Shemos 29:27 (P; ‖ הוּנַף); be abolished Daniel 8:11 Keri (compare Hiph. 2); Bev (after Septuagint) ins. participle (בינוני) מוּרָם after הַתָּמִיד v Daniel 8:13.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיִתְרוֹמֵם וַיִתְגַּדֵּל עַל־כָּל־אֵל Daniel 11:36 and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; 1st singular (ת assim.) אֵרוֹמָ֔ם Yeshaya 33:10 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 54c Konig^{i. 454}) I will raise myself (+ אָקוּם, אֶנָּשֵׂא).

רוּם²

n.[m.] height, haughtiness (proposes inf.);—absolute ר׳,

height, loftiness, שָׁמַיִם לָר׳ וָאָרֶץ לָעֹמֶק Mishlei 25:3; construct רוּם עֵינַיִם figuratively of haughtiness Yeshaya 10:12 (‖ גֹּדֶל לֵבָב), Mishlei 21:4 (‖ רְחַב־לֵב); so רֻם לִבּוֹ Yirmiya 48:29 (‖ גַּאֲוָה, גָּאוֹן, גֹּבַתּ); then alone:

haughtiness, רוּם אֲנָשִׁים Yeshaya 2:11, Yeshaya 2:17 (both ‖ גַּבְהוּת).

רוֹם

adverb on high, of direction (compare מָרוֹם 2) רוֹם יָדֵיהוּ נָשָׂא Chavakuk 3:10 (subj. תְּהוֹם).

רוּמָה

proper name (place) מִן־ר׳ Melachim Beis 23:36; (ἐκ) Κρουμα, Α Ρυμα, SeptuagintL Λοβεννα; poss. = [אֲרוּמָה] Shoftim 9:41 (q. l. perhaps also v Shoftim 9:31, see G.F. Moore), yet compare Kittel Benzinger.

רוֹמָה

adverb haughtily, לֹא תֵלְכוּ ר׳ Micha 2:3.

רָם

proper name (masc.)

an ancestor of David, Rus 4:19^(×2), brother of Jerachmeel Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:9, Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:10.

son of J. Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:25, Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:27.—Αρραν, Ραμ, etc.

name of Elihu’s family, Iyov 32:2 (Ραμ[α], Αραμ), doubtful, compare Budde.

רָמָה

noun (fem.) height, high-place;—absolute ר׳ as term. techn. (compare בָּמָה), = shrine (for illicit worship): Yechezkel 16:25; ‖ גַּב v Yechezkel 16:24, Yechezkel 16:31, Yechezkel 16:39; so perhaps Shmuel Alef 22:6, but read probably בָּמָה, Septuagint Βαμα (A Ραμμα), H.P. Smith.

רָמָה²

proper name (place) usually c. art. הָר׳ the Height, Rama, הָרָמָה (except Yirmiya 31:15 Nechemia 11:33):

in Benj., on border of Ephr., Hoshea 5:8; Melachim Alef 15:17, Melachim Alef 15:21, Melachim Alef 15:22 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:1, Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:5, Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:6; Shoftim 4:5; Shoftim 19:3; Yeshaya 10:29; Yirmiya 31:15; Yirmiya 40:1; Yehoshua 18:25, Ezra 2:26 = Nechemia 7:29, probably also Nechemia 11:33; Septuagint usually Ραμα; mod. er-Râm, 5 miles N. of Jerus., Buhl^{Geogr. 172}.

in hill-country of Ephr. (= 1?), home of Samuel Shmuel Alef 1:19; Shmuel Alef 2:11; Shmuel Alef 7:17; Shmuel Alef 8:4; Shmuel Alef 15:34; Shmuel Alef 16:13; Shmuel Alef 19:18, Shmuel Alef 19:22a (all c. ה location, הָרָמָ֫תָה), v Shmuel Alef 19:19, Shmuel Alef 19:22b, Shmuel Alef 19:23^(×2); Shmuel Alef 20:1; Shmuel Alef 25:1; Shmuel Alef 28:3, = הָרָמָתַיִם Shmuel Alef 1:1 (see צוּפִי); Septuagint Αρμαθαιμ, Ραμα; perhaps (if distinct from 1) = Beit-Rima, 13 miles ENE. of Lydda (G.A. Smith^{Geogr. 254} Buhl^{Geogr. 170}); or Râm-allah, 3rd masculine SW. of Bethel (Ewald^{Hist. ii. 421} and elsewhere) [compare also Ἀριμαθαία Mt 27:57 +].

in Asher Yehoshua 19:29, Ραμα; perhaps Râmiye, c. 12 miles E. of Ladder of Tyre Robinson^{BR iii. 79} Buhl^{Geogr. 231}.

in Naphtali, Yehoshua 19:36, Αραηλ, A SeptuagintL Ραμα; mod. Râmeh, c. 8 miles WSW. of Safed Buhl^{Geogr. 222}.

(בָּ)רָמָה Melachim Beis 8:29 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 22:6 (Ρεμμωθ, Ραμωθ; SeptuagintL Ραμαθ Γαλ.), see רָמוֹת 1—Vid. Driver^{Hast. DB. RAMAH}.

רָ(א)מוֹת

proper name

location Heights, Ramôth;—

in Gilead, רָמֹת בַּגִּלְעָד Yehoshua 21:38 (Gi; van d. H. Baer v Yehoshua 21:36; P), רָאמוֹת בַּגּ׳ (of Gad) Devarim 4:43; Divrei HaYamim Alef 6:65, רָאמֹת בַּגּ׳ Yehoshua 20:8, Ραμωθ [Yehoshua 20:8 Αρημωθ] ἐν (τῇ) Γαλααδ; usually רָמֹת ג׳ (Ρεμμαθ [Ερεμαθ, Ραμωθ, Ραμα(θ)] Γαλ., etc.) Melachim Alef 4:13 + 19 times K Ch (see גִּלְעָד 1 d); = ii. רָמָה 5, q.see; site doubtful; Onom. (Lagarde ^{287. 91}) 15 m. W. of Philadelphia [Jer Ib. ^{145. 31} says E!], hence Dillmann Breishis 31:54 Buhl^{G. 261f.} conjunction el-Jalʿaud, c. 17 Eng. m. NW. of Phil., and 3rd masculine S. of Yabboḳ; SMerill ^{E. of Jordan, 284ff.; Hast. DB. Ramoth G.} conjunction (on generally grounds) Jerash, c. 28 m. N. of Phil.; G.A. Smith^{G. 586} some place just S. of Yarmuk, compare GACooke in Driver Dt ^{Add. xviiif.}, q.see especially against es-Salṭ (Seetzen and elsewhere).

רָמוֹת־נֶגֶב Shmuel Alef 30:27, see רָ(א)מַת 3.

רָאמוֹת, Levit. city in Issachar Divrei HaYamim Alef 6:58 (Δαβωρ, SeptuagintL Ραμωθ), probably = רֶ֫מֶת Yehoshua 19:21 (P; Ρεμμας, A Ραμαθ), and יַרְמוּת 2, Yehoshua 21:29, q.see p. 438 (see also Dillmann Yehoshua 19:21).

(וְ)רָמוֹת Ezra 10:29 Keri (Kesiv ירמות) see יְרֵימוֹת 5 c, p. 438.

רָמָתַיִם

proper name (place) הָר׳ Shmuel Alef 1:1, see ii. רָמָה 2.

רוּן

verb overcome (compare Arabic رَانَ (ى), c. على or ب person, overcome, for example of wine);—assumed in Hebrew by Gesenius' Thesaurus (after Septuagint) and most mod. to explain Hithpōʿ. participle (בינוני) כְּגִבּוֹר מִמְרוֹנֵן מִיָּ֑יִן Tehillim 78:65 like a hero overcome by wine (compare ‖ v a); Authorized Version Revised Version De Cheyne and elsewhere shout (√ רנן), compare Targum; so Hupfeld-Nowack, with altern. conjunction מִתְעוֹרֵר, and this sense more suitable (compare Luzzatto ^{Il Pentateuco iii (1874), 162 (Lv 21, 7)} Perles ⁷⁹).—Mishlei 29:6 see רנן, רוץ.

רֵעַ

n.verb. shouting, roar, but doubtful;—קוֹל הָעָם בְּרֵעֹה֯ Shemos 32:17 sound of the people as they shouted (read infinitive (מקור) construct בָּרִעֹה for בְּהָרִיעוֹ compare √ 5); יַגִּיד עָלָיו רֵע֑וֹ Iyov 36:33 the roar thereof telleth of him (< רַעְמוֹ his thunder, so Budde); לָמָּה תָרִיעִי רֵעַ Micha 4:9 why criest thou out with a crying? (butv. √ 6). ii, iii. רֵעַ see ii, iii. רעה; רַע, רֹעַ see דעע.

רוּץ

verb run (Mishnaic Hebrew the same (rare); Ethiopic ሮጸ Zinj. past (עבר) 1st singular רצת; = Aramaic רְהַט; ܪܗܰܛ (W^{SG 47}); compare Assyrian râṣu, be helpful (that is run to help?));—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular רָץ Breishis 18:7; 2nd masculine singular רַצְתָּה Yirmiya 12:5, etc.; future (עתיד) יָרוּץ Chavakuk 2:2 +, יָרֻץ Iyov 16:14, וַיָּ֫רָץ Breishis 18:2 +, וַיָּרֹ֑ץ Shmuel Beis 18:21; 1st singular with suffix ארוצם Yirmiya 50:44 Kesiv (but < Qr Hiph., v. infr.), etc. [v. also רצץ]; imperative (ציווי) ms. רוּץ Shmuel Beis 18:23 Melachim Beis 4:26, רֻץ Shmuel Alef 20:36 Zecharia 2:8; infinitive (מקור) construct לָרוּץ Shmuel Alef 20:6 +; participle (בינוני) רָץ Shmuel Beis 18:22 +, plural רָצִים Shmuel Alef 22:17 +, רָצִין Melachim Beis 11:13 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 87 e);—

run, c. אֶל location Breishis 18:7; Breishis 24:20 (both J), Bamidbar 17:12, אֶל person Breishis 24:29 (J; + ה location), Shmuel Alef 3:5; Yeshaya 55:5 (figuratively), with hostility, against, Iyov 15:26 (figuratively), so goat against ram Daniel 8:6, עַלִ person, against Iyov 16:14; ה location also Yehoshua 7:22, לְבֵיתוֹ Chaggai 1:9, לָרַע Yeshaya 59:7; Mishlei 1:16; direct object location Shmuel Alef 20:6; Shmuel Alef 17:22, Shmuel Alef 17:48 (+ לִקְרַאת); ב location on (ב II. 2), of horses Amos 6:12, locusts Yoel 2:9; into Mishlei 18:10 (figuratively); מִן location Shmuel Alef 4:12, so Masoretic Text Melachim Beis 23:12 (= he went quickly thence, but text perhaps corrupt, see Kittel Benzinger, and compare> Hiph. below); אַחֲרֵי person Shmuel Beis 18:22; Melachim Alef 19:20; Melachim Beis 5:20, Melachim Beis 5:21; Shir HaShirim 1:4, עַד person Melachim Beis 4:22; לִפְנֵי person Shmuel Beis 15:1; Melachim Alef 1:5 (both of royal escort, 2), Melachim Alef 18:46 (+ עַד location), לִפְנֵי rei Shmuel Alef 8:11; אֵת person accomp. Yirmiya 12:5; with a direct object of way, אֹרַח Tehillim 19:6, דֶּרֶךְ Shmuel Beis 18:23; Tehillim 119:132 (figuratively); as prelim., + inf. לִקְרַאת run to meet Breishis 18:2; Breishis 24:17; Breishis 29:13; Breishis 33:4 (all J), Melachim Beis 4:26; Yirmiya 51:31 + verb fin. Breishis 24:28; Breishis 29:12 (both J), Bamidbar 11:27; Yehoshua 8:19 (both ), Shoftim 7:21; Shoftim 13:10; Shmuel Alef 10:23; Shmuel Alef 17:51; Shmuel Beis 18:19; Tehillim 59:5; as imv. + imv. Shmuel Alef 20:36; Zecharia 2:8; absolute Shmuel Alef 20:36; Yeshaya 40:31; Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:12 (see 2 a), Mishlei 4:12; Mishlei 6:18 (of feet), of locusts Yoel 2:4, Yoel 2:7; specif., run as messenger Shmuel Beis 18:21, Shmuel Beis 18:22, Shmuel Beis 18:23^(×2), Shmuel Beis 18:24, Shmuel Beis 18:26^(×2), figuratively of prophet’s activity Yirmiya 23:21, of י׳’s word Tehillim 147:15; figuratively of reading smoothly, יָרוּץ קוֹרֵא בוֹ Chavakuk 2:2.—Tehillim 18:30 = Shmuel Beis 22:30 read אָרֹץ (for אָרֻץ, אָרוּץ), √ רצץ Ewald Olshausen Cheyne Baethgen and elsewhere

participle (בינוני) as noun:

plural הָרָצִים the runners (proposes 3, as royal escort, compare verb Shmuel Beis 15:1; Melachim Alef 1:5; then) of royal body-guard Shmuel Alef 22:17; Melachim Alef 14:27, Melachim Alef 14:28^(×2) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:10, Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:11^(×2); Melachim Beis 10:25^(×2); Melachim Beis 11:4, Melachim Beis 11:6, Melachim Beis 11:11, Melachim Beis 11:19^(×2).—(הָעָם) הָרָצִין vMelachim Beis 11:13 is gloss (Kittel Benzinger; whence [easier] הָעָם הָרָצִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:12 see 1).—Mishlei 29:6 for יָרֻן Pinsk Toy favour יָרוּץ.

runner = (royal messenger, post, late), רָץ Yirmiya 51:31^(×2) (‖ מַגִּיד), compare Iyov 9:25 (as swift); הָרָצִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:6, Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:10; Esther 3:13, Esther 3:15, riders הָר׳ בַּסּוּסִים Esther 8:10, הָר׳ רֹכְבֵי הָרֶכֶשׁ vEsther 3:14. Pōʿlēl future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural יְרוֹצֵ֑צוּ Nachum 2:5 they run swiftly, dart (like lightning; of chariots).

cause to run:

bring, or move, quickly, future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural with suffix וַיְרִיצֻהוּ, מִן location Breishis 41:14, read perhaps also 3rd masculine singular וַיָּרֶץ Melachim Beis 23:12 (direct object om.; for Masoretic Text וַיָּרָץ see Qal); ל person, direct object rei om. וַיָּרִיצוּ Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:13; imperative (ציווי) ms. הָרֵץ Shmuel Alef 17:17 (+ direct object location, ל person); future (עתיד) 3rd feminine singular תָּרִיץ יָדָיו Tehillim 68:32 quickly stretch out hands, לֵאלֹהִים (viz. with offerings).

c. מֵעַל = drive away from, 1st singular, with suffix 3rd masculine singular, אֲרִיצֶנּוּ Yirmiya 49:19, so read probably also in ‖ Yirmiya 50:44 (Keri אֲרִיצֵם, > Kesiv ארוצם).

רוּשׁ

verb be in want, poor (related to ירשׁ [compare

3,

3

רִישׁ

noun (masc.) poverty, only Pr;—רִישׁ Mishlei 28:19, with suffix רִישׁוֹ Mishlei 31:7; רֵישׁ Mishlei 13:18, with suffix רֵישֶׁ֑ךָ Mishlei 24:34 (‖ מַחְסֹרֶיךָ), רֵישָׁם Mishlei 10:15 (opposite עָשִׁיר); רֵאשׁ Mishlei 30:8 (opposite עֹשֶׁר), with suffix רֵאשֶׁ֑ךָ Mishlei 6:11 (= Mishlei 24:34, ‖ the same).

רוּת

proper namef. see under רעה.

רָזָה

verb be or grow lean (Arabic رَذِىَ grow thin and weak);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular רָזָה Tzefania 2:11 object false gods, appar. make lean (Vulgate attenuavit; Septuagint is ἑξολεθρεύσει), but sense strange, < רִזָה (see Arabic above), yet even this very doubtful.

be made lean, future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular מִשְׁמַן בְּשָׂרוֹ יֵרָוֶה Yeshaya 17:4.

רָזֶה

adjective lean (on formation compare Lagarde^{BN 49});—fs. רָזָה, Yechezkel 34:20 (of שֶׂה; opposite בִּרְיָה), of land, = barren, Bamidbar 13:20 (opposite שְׁמֵנָה).

רָזִי

n.[m.] leanness, wasting;—רָזִי־לִי Yeshaya 24:16^(×2) to me, wasting! (opposite צְבִי).

רָזוֹן

n.[m.] leanness, wasting, scantness;—absolute ר׳:

leanness Yeshaya 10:16 (figuratively; opposite מִשְׁמַנָּיו).

wasting, that is wasting disease, Tehillim 106:15 (compare Baethgen).

אֵיפַת ר׳ Micha 6:10 ephah of scantness, scant measure.—ii. רָזוֹן see רזן.

רָזִי²

רָזוֹן²

noun (masc.) potentate;—absolute ר׳ Mishlei 14:28 (‖ מֶלֶךְ).—1. רָווֹן see under רזה above

רְזוֹן

n. pr. m. founder of kingdom of Damascus, Solomon’s time, Melachim Alef 11:23; Septuagint (v Melachim Alef 11:14) Εσρωμ [A v Melachim Alef 11:23 Ραζων]; indentified with חֶזְיוֹן Melachim Alef 15:18 by Th Klostermann (reading חזרון), but compare Kittel Benzinger.

רָחַב

[? also רָחֹב, so Lagarde^{BN 31}; compare also Id. ^{ib. 52 f.}] verb be, or grow, wide, large (Mishnaic Hebrew in der. spec. (rare) and deriv.; Arabic رَحُبَ / رَحِبَ, Ethiopic ርሕበ: Sabean in epith. dei Fell^{ZMG liv (1900), 249}, and proper name CIS^{iv. no. 1, 3} etc.; Assyrian in rêbitu, open place; Aramaic רְחַב in deriv.);—Qal past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ פִּי Shmuel Alef 2:1, + עַל against (that is to devour, in figuratively; compare Hiph.); consec. וּפָחַד וְר׳ לְבָבֵךְ Yeshaya 60:5 be widened, enlarged, relieved, and expanded with joy (compare Hiph. 2); 3rd feminine singular וְרָֽחֲבָה וְנָֽסְבָה Yechezkel 41:7 probably error, Co רָחְבָּהּ וְנוֹסָפָה, Toy וְהָרֹחַב נוֹסַף, Krae וְיָֽסְפוּ רָֽחֲבוּ [וְ?]. Niph. participle (בינוני) as adjective כַּר נִרְחָב Yeshaya 30:23 a broad, roomy, pasture. Hiph. past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הִרְחִיב Breishis 26:22; Chavakuk 2:5, הִרְחִ֑ב Yeshaya 30:33; 2nd masculine singular הִרְחַבְתָּ Tehillim 4:2, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יַרְחִיב Devarim 12:20 +, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. הַרְחֶב־ Tehillim 81:11 (compare also Tehillim 25:17 below); fs. הַרְחִיבִי Yeshaya 54:2, הַרְחִבִי Micha 1:16; infinitive (מקור) construct הַרְחִיב Amos 1:13; participle (בינוני) מַרְחִיב Devarim 33:20;—

make large, with a direct object baldness Micha 1:16 (sign of mourning), fun. pile Yeshaya 30:33 (direct object om.; + הֶעְמִיק); make wide, direct object couch Yeshaya 57:8 (figuratively).

enlarge limit of territory (גְּבוּל) Amos 1:13; Shemos 34:24, Devarim 12:20; Devarim 19:8, so מַר׳ נָּ֑ד Devarim 33:20, compare הַר׳ מְקוֹם אָהֳלֵךְ Yeshaya 54:2 (figuratively); also absolute + ל person, הִר׳ י׳ לָנוּ Breishis 26:22, and (figuratively of deliverance), בַּצָּר הִר׳ לִי Tehillim 4:2; מַתַּן אָדָם יַר׳ לוֹ Mishlei 18:16 a man’s gift makes room for him, gives access to patron; of י׳’s enlarging the heart (לִבִּי) Tehillim 119:32 (compare Qal); צָרוֹת לְבָבִי הִרְחִיבוּ מ׳ Tehillim 25:17 read probably (with most) imperative (ציווי) הַרְחֵ(י)ב ומ׳ (Baethgen הִרְהִיבוּ, alarm, compare Shir HaShirim 6:5); with a direct object צַעֲדִי my step, stride Tehillim 18:37 = Shmuel Beis 22:37 (that is givest me firm footing and vigorous step, compare צַעַד 2); enlarge mouth, open it wide, c. עַל person against Yeshaya 57:4 Tehillim 35:21 (compare Qal); without עַל, as a young bird to receive food, figuratively, Tehillim 81:11; הִר׳ שְׁאוֹל נַפְשָׁהּ Yeshaya 5:14 (‖ פָּֽעֲרָה פִיהָ; נֶפֶשׁ 5 c), compare Chavakuk 2:5.

רַ֫חַב

n.[m. not f. Iyov 36:16 Albr^{journal ZAW xvl (1896), 94} Dillmann Budde] breadth, broad expanse;—absolute ר׳ Iyov 36:16 (opposite צָ֑ר); plural construct intens. רַחֲבֵי־אָ֑רֶץ Iyov 38:18 the broad expanse of earth.

רֹ֫חַב

n.[m.] breadth, width;—ר׳ absolute Yechezkel 42:2 +, construct Melachim Alef 6:3 +; with suffix רָחְבּוֹ Shemos 25:10 +, -בָּהּ Breishis 6:15 +, רָחְבָּן Yechezkel 42:11;—breadth, of land, + אֹרֶךְ = whole extent, expanse, Breishis 13:17, so ר׳ alone Yeshaya 8:8; ר׳ מַיִם Iyov 37:10; figuratively ר׳ לֵב largeness of understanding (like sand of sea-shore) Melachim Alef 5:9; breadth, = thickness, of wall גֶּדֶר Yechezkel 42:10; elsewhere only in measurements width, breadth (Devarim 3:11, K 10 times, Ez 54 times, Zecharia 2:6; Zecharia 5:2, P 23 times, Ch 6 times; ‖ אֹרֶךְ Melachim Alef 7:6 + 63 times, + קוֹמָה Melachim Alef 6:2 + 14 times, + גֹּבַהּ † Yechezkel 40:42; Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:4; ‖ קוֹמָה alone † Melachim Alef 7:27; Yechezkel 40:5): of buildings, etc., Melachim Alef 6:2, Melachim Alef 6:3^(×2), Melachim Alef 6:6^(×3) +, Yechezkel 41:1^(×3), Yechezkel 41:5, Yechezkel 41:7 +, altar Shemos 27:1 = Shemos 38:1, ark, תֵּבָה, Breishis 6:15, אָרוֹן Shemos 25:10 = Shemos 37:1, etc.; of area, the עֶרֶשׂ of Og Devarim 3:11, the תְּרוּמָה of land Yechezkel 45:1, Yechezkel 45:3, Yechezkel 45:5, Yechezkel 45:6 +, of court Shemos 27:12, Shemos 27:13, Shemos 27:18; of city Zecharia 2:6; of roll Zecharia 5:2; of curtain Shemos 26:2, Shemos 26:8 +, etc.; of wall (קִיד), = thickness, Yechezkel 41:9, Yechezkel 41:12 (compare Yechezkel 42:10 above); of doorway Yechezkel 40:11; Yechezkel 41:2, Yechezkel 41:3, etc.

רָחָב

adjective wide, broad;—absolute ר׳ Iyov 30:14; construct רְחַב Mishlei 21:4 +; fs. רְחָבָה Shemos 3:8 +; construct רַחֲבַת Breishis 34:21 +; mpl. construct רַחֲבֵי Yeshaya 33:21;—wide, broad, spacious, of land Shemos 3:8, Nechemia 9:35, רַחֲבַת יָדַיִם, etc., Breishis 34:21 + 6 times, see יָד 3 d; ר׳ מִנִּי־יָם Iyov 11:9 (of greatness of God, ‖ אֲרֻכָּה מֵאֶרֶץ); בָּֽרְחָבָה as noun Tehillim 119:45 in a wide, roomy, space (figuratively); פֶּרֶץ ר׳ Iyov 30:14 (simile); of cup Yechezkel 23:32 (in figuratively; + הָעֲמֻקָּה); of wall (= thick) Yirmiya 51:58; specif., in Jerusalem (as proper name) הַחוֹמָה הָֽר׳ Nechemia 3:8; Nechemia 12:38; figuratively extensive, of work, undertaking, מְלָאכָה, Nechemia 4:13 (+ הַרְבֵּה); of י׳’s commandment Tehillim 119:96 (that is unlimited, measureless); רְחַב לֵבָב Tehillim 101:5 that is exultant, arrogant (‖ גְּבַהּ־עֵינַיִם), so ר׳ לֵב Mishlei 21:4 (‖ רוּם־ע׳); רְחַב נֶפֶשׁ Mishlei 28:25 that is greedy (compare רחב אולת Ecclus Ben Sira 47:23, in play on רְחַבְעָם).

רָחָב²

proper namef. harlot in Jericho;—Yehoshua 2:1, Yehoshua 2:3; Yehoshua 6:17, Yehoshua 6:23, Yehoshua 6:25 (all ); Ρααβ (so Heb 3:11; Jas 2:25, but Mt 1:5 Ραχαβ).

רְחוֹב

noun (fem.) ^{Daniel 9:25} [not m. Zecharia 8:5 Albr^{journal ZAW xvi (1896), 51} compare Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 145 p, t, u] broad open place, plaza (Lagarde^{BN 178} Barth^{NB 142});—ר׳ absolute Breishis 19:2 +, construct Shoftim 19:17 +, רְחֹב v Shoftim 19:15; Shmuel Beis 21:12; with suffix רְחֹבָהּ Devarim 13:17 Tehillim 55:12; plural absolute רְחֹבוֹת Amos 5:16 +, construct the same Zecharia 8:4 + (see also רְחֹבוֹת proper name, below); with suffix רְחֹבֹתֶיהָ Yeshaya 15:3 +, etc.;—broad open place in city (usually near gate, Nechemia 8:1, Nechemia 8:3, Nechemia 8:16^(×2); Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:6; Iyov 29:7; ‖ חוּץ Yirmiya 5:1 + 8 times, דֶּרֶךְ Mishlei 26:13, שְׁוָקִים Shir HaShirim 3:2), for various private and public uses Breishis 19:2, Shoftim 19:15, Shoftim 19:17, Shoftim 19:20; Devarim 13:17; Shmuel Beis 21:12; Yirmiya 5:1; Yechezkel 16:24, Yechezkel 16:31; Nechemia 8:16^(×2); Yeshaya 59:14 Tehillim 55:12; Iyov 29:7, essential part of city Daniel 9:25; for lamentations Amos 5:16; Yeshaya 15:3; Yirmiya 48:38, ר׳ הָעִיר אֲשֶׁר לִפְנֵי שַׁעַר הַמֶּלֶךְ Esther 4:6 (compare v Esther 4:1), compare Yirmiya 9:20; Yirmiya 49:26; Yirmiya 50:30; Eicha 2:11, Eicha 2:12, Tehillim 144:14, assemblies Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:4; Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:6; Ezra 10:9 (ר׳ בֵּית הָא׳), Nechemia 8:1, Nechemia 8:3, proclamations Esther 6:9, Esther 6:11, speeches Mishlei 1:20; social life Zecharia 8:4, Zecharia 8:5^(×2); Eicha 4:18; Mishlei 5:16; Mishlei 7:12, compare Mishlei 22:13; Mishlei 26:13, Shir HaShirim 3:2; ר׳ in Nachum 2:5 is appar. outside city (compare Assyrian rêbit Ninâ, etc.).

רְחוֹב²

proper name Πααβ, Ποωβ, etc.:

(compare Lagarde^{BN 56 f.}) location:

towards Hamath, רְחוֹב Shmuel Beis 10:8 (SeptuagintL Βαιθρααβ), רְחֹב Bamidbar 13:21; = בֵּית ר׳ q.see p. 112 (also Septuagint Shmuel Alef 14:47 Βαιθεωρ, SeptuagintL Βαιθροωβι).

רְחֹב in Asher: (1) Yehoshua 19:28; (2) [perhaps = (1)], v Yehoshua 19:30, Shoftim 1:31, Levit. city Yehoshua 21:31 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 6:60; Egyptian Raḥubu, N. of Kishon, WMM^{As. u. Eur. 153}.

m.:

Aramaic name, רְחֹב Shmuel Beis 8:3, Shmuel Beis 8:12.

post-exilic Levite, רְחוֹב Nechemia 10:12.

רְחֹבוֹת

n. pr. location

רְחֹבֹת עִיר near Nineveh Breishis 10:11, τῆν Ροωβως[θ] πόλιν; Delitzsch^{Pa 261} compare Assyrian rêbit Ninâ, but see Cuneiform Inscriptions & the Old Testament Breishis 10:11.

רְחֹבוֹת, name of well Breishis 26:22, Εὐρυχωρία (compare interpr. v Breishis 26:22); Palmer ^{Desert 296 f.} identif. with er-Ruḥaibeh (in Wady R.) c. 45 m. SW. of Hebron, N. of lat. 31°.

ר׳ הַנָּהָר, home of a king of Edom Breishis 36:37 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:48, Ροωβωθ τῆς παρὰ ποταμόν, Ρ. τοῦ ποταμοῦ (that is on Euphrates? here improb.; conjunction in Dillmann Holz Winckler^{Gesch. Isr. i. 192}).

רְחַבְעָם

proper name (masc.) Rehoboam (word-play on רחב Ecclus Ben Sira 47:23);—king of Judah, son of Solomon; Ροβοαμ: Melachim Alef 11:43; Melachim Alef 12:1, Melachim Alef 12:3, Melachim Alef 12:6 + 16 times Melachim Alef 12, Melachim Alef 14, + Melachim Alef 15:6 ‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:31; Divrei HaYamim Beis 10:1, Divrei HaYamim Beis 10:3, Divrei HaYamim Beis 10:6 + 21 times Divrei HaYamim Beis 10, Divrei HaYamim Beis 11, Divrei HaYamim Beis 12, + Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:7^(×2); also Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:10.

רֵחֶה

n.[m.], only dual רֵחַיִם (hand-)mill (probably = 8);—ר׳ absolute, common household utensil, turned by maids, Shemos 11:5 (הָרֵחָ֑יִם; J), female slaves Yeshaya 47:2 (c. טָחַן, q.see); טָחַן בָּר׳ Bamidbar 11:8; ר׳ וָרָ֑כֶב Devarim 24:6 (see רכב); קוֹל ר׳ as sound of family life Yirmiya 25:10.

רֵחַיִם

רָחֵל

noun (fem.) ^{Yeshaya 53:7} ewe;—absolute ר׳ Yeshaya 53:7; (in simile, ‖ שֶׂה); plural רְחֵלִים Breishis 32:15 (E; + עִזִּים, אֵילִים), Shir HaShirim 6:6 (in simile); with suffix רְחֵלֶיךָ וְעִזֶּיךָ Breishis 31:38.

רָחֵל²

n. pr. f. (ewe, Robertson Smith^{K 219});—Rachel, Ραχηλ, daughter of Laban and wife of Jacob: Breishis 29:6, Breishis 29:9, Breishis 29:10, Breishis 29:11, Breishis 29:28, Breishis 29:29, Breishis 29:30 + 36 times Gn (37 times, P 6 times), + קְבֻרַת(־)ר׳ Breishis 35:20, Shmuel Alef 10:2 (compare אֶפְרָתָה 1, p. 68; on site vid. Driver^{Hast.DB. Rachel}); ר׳ (in figuratively) Yirmiya 31:15; ר׳ Rus 4:11 (in simile).

רֶ֫חֶם

noun (masc.) ^{Hoshea 9:14} womb (f. Yirmiya 20:17, unless הֲרַת a noun, compare Albr^{journal ZAW xvi. 81} Siegfried-Stade);—absolute ר׳ Breishis 20:18 +, רַ֫חַם Shoftim 5:30, רָ֑חֶם Yirmiya 20:17 +, רָ֑חַם Breishis 49:25 +; construct רֶ֫חֶם Bamidbar 12:12 Iyov 3:11; with suffix רַחְמָהּ Breishis 29:31 +, רַחְמָהֿ Yirmiya 20:17 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 91e; >f. absolute Konig^{ii. 1, 159}); dual רַחֲמָתַיִם Shoftim 5:30;—

womb, Breishis 49:25 Yirmiya 20:17; Iyov 24:20; מֵרחם that is from birth Yirmiya 20:17 Tehillim 22:11; Tehillim 58:4; Iyov 3:11 (מִנִּי), Yeshaya 46:3, figuratively Tehillim 110:3; בָּרֶחֶם Iyov 31:15; יצא מֵר׳ go forth from womb in birth Yirmiya 1:5; Yirmiya 20:18 Iyov 38:8, compare Iyov 10:18; מֵר׳ אֵם Bamidbar 12:12; פתח ר׳ open the womb, in order to childbirth Breishis 29:31; Breishis 30:22; כָּל־פֶּטֶר רחם all that first opens womb (of men and animals) Shemos 13:12, Shemos 13:15; Shemos 34:19 Bamidbar 18:15 Yechezkel 20:26; פטר ר׳ Bamidbar 3:12, פִּטְרַת כל ר׳ Bamidbar 8:16; פטר כל ר׳ Shemos 13:2; on the other hand, ר׳ מַשְׁכִּיל Hoshea 9:14 miscarrying womb; עֹצֶר ר׳ Mishlei 30:16 restraint (that is barrenness) of womb (so Tehillim 107:36 Perles^{Anal. 85}); עָצַר בְּעַד ר׳ (of God) Breishis 20:18; סָגַר (בְּעַר) ר׳ Shmuel Alef 1:5, Shmuel Alef 1:6, preventing childbirth.

womb-man, woman-slave: רַחַם רַחֲמָהַיִם Shoftim 5:30 a woman, two women.

רַחֲמִים

noun (masc.) ^{Shmuel Beis 24:14} absolutepluralintens. compassion (according to many denom. from רֶחֶם, orig. brotherhood, brotherly feeling, of those born from same womb, see Noldeke^{ZMG xl (1886), 151 (yet see 152)} Wellhausen^{GGN 1893, 475} Gerber ¹²⁶, or motherly feeling Konig^{ii. 1, 34});—absolute ר׳ Breishis 43:14 +; construct רַחֲמֵי Mishlei 12:10; with suffix רַחֲמָיו Eicha 3:22 (Baer Gi; van d. H. Keri, Kesiv רחמו), Shmuel Beis 24:14 Keri (> Kesiv רחמו), etc.;—

compassion: usually of God Yeshaya 63:7, Yeshaya 63:15 Tehillim 77:10; Tehillim 79:8; Tehillim 119:77; Zecharia 1:16 Daniel 9:9 Nechemia 9:28; c. רבים Shmuel Beis 24:14 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:13; Nechemia 9:19, Nechemia 9:27, Nechemia 9:31 Tehillim 119:156; Daniel 9:18; גדולים Yeshaya 54:7; ‖ חסד Tehillim 40:12; Tehillim 103:4; Hoshea 2:21; Yirmiya 16:5; חסדים Tehillim 25:6; כרֹב רחמיךָ Tehillim 51:3; Tehillim 69:17; c. על rei Tehillim 145:9; נתן ר׳ ל Devarim 13:18; Yirmiya 42:12; לא כָלוּ ר׳ Eicha 3:22.

of man, Amos 1:11; Mishlei 12:10; עשׂה ר׳ Zecharia 7:9; נָתַן לפ׳ ר׳ לִפְנֵי Breishis 43:14; נתן פ׳ לר׳ לִפְנֵי Melachim Alef 8:50; Nechemia 1:11; Daniel 1:9 Tehillim 106:46, compare Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:9; שׂם ר׳ ל Yeshaya 47:6; נִכְמְרוּ ר׳ אל Breishis 43:30, c. על Melachim Alef 3:26.

רָחַם

verbdenom. love Pi. have compassion;—

future (עתיד) 1st singular with suffix אֶרְחָֽמְךָ Tehillim 18:2 I love thee (perhaps gloss; see not in ‖ Shmuel Beis 22:2; Hitzig Ch Siegfried-Stade Gerber read אֲרֹמִמְךָ).

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular רִחַם Tehillim 103:13 +; with suffix וְרִחַמְךָ consec. Devarim 13:18, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְרַחֵם Yeshaya 9:16 +; with suffix יְרַחֲמֵהוּ Yeshaya 55:7, etc.; infinitive (מקור) absolute רַחֵם Yirmiya 31:20; Chavakuk 3:2; construct רַחֵם Yeshaya 49:15 Tehillim 103:13; with suffix רַחֶמְכֶם Yeshaya 30:18; participle (בינוני) מְרַחֵם Tehillim 116:5, etc.;—have compassion, be compassionate;—

usually of God: with a direct object of his people, Shemos 33:19^(×2) Devarim 13:18; Devarim 30:3; Melachim Beis 13:23; Yeshaya 9:16; Yeshaya 14:1; Yeshaya 27:11; Yeshaya 30:18; Yeshaya 49:10, Yeshaya 49:13; Yeshaya 54:8, Yeshaya 54:10; Yeshaya 55:7; Yeshaya 60:10; Yirmiya 12:15; Yirmiya 30:18; Yirmiya 31:20^(×2); Yirmiya 33:26; Yechezkel 39:25; Hoshea 1:6, Hoshea 1:7; Hoshea 2:6, Hoshea 2:25; Micha 7:19; Zecharia 1:12; Zecharia 10:6 Tehillim 102:14; c. עַל Tehillim 103:13; absolute Yirmiya 13:14; Chavakuk 3:2 Tehillim 116:5 Eicha 3:32.

of man, usually a conqueror: with a direct object Melachim Alef 8:50; Yirmiya 42:12; absolute Yirmiya 6:23; Yirmiya 21:7; Yirmiya 50:42; elsewhere of children, with a direct object Yeshaya 13:18; Yeshaya 49:15; c. עַל Tehillim 103:13.

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular רֻחָ֑מָה Hoshea 2:3, Hoshea 2:25 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 152 and n. Konig^{i, 270});—future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְרֻחַם Hoshea 14:4; יְרֻחָ֑ם Mishlei 28:13; be shewn compassion, compassionated: of orphans Hoshea 14:4; children, of Israel wife of Yahweh Hoshea 2:3, Hoshea 2:25 (compare לא־ר׳ Hoshea 1:6, Hoshea 1:8, p. 520); penitent sinner Mishlei 28:13.

רַחוּם

adjective compassionate; usually of God: אֵל רַחוּם Devarim 4:31, ר׳ וְחַנּוּן Shemos 34:6 = Tehillim 86:15; Tehillim 103:8; later חַנּוּן ור׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:9; Nechemia 9:17, Nechemia 9:31; Yoel 2:13; Yonah 4:2 Tehillim 111:4; Tehillim 145:8; והוא ר׳ Tehillim 78:38. Once of man Tehillim 112:4.

רַ֫חַם

proper name (masc.) (girl(-like)?);—in Judah, Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:44; Ραμεε, A Ραεμ῾, SeptuagintL Ρααμ.

רֻחָ֫מָה

in לֹא ר׳ proper namef., see p. 520.

רְחוּם

n. pr. m. (compassion, or softness, gentleness?);—post-exilic name:

with Zerub.:

רְחוּם Ezra 2:2, A Ιρεουμʼ, SeptuagintL Ναουμ (= נְחוּם ‖ Nechemia 7:7).

priest, רְחֻם Nechemia 12:3 Ρεουμ (= חָרִם v Nechemia 12:15, compare Nechemia 7:41 = Ezra 2:39, Ezra 10:21, see חָרִם 3a).

רְחוּם, with Neh.:

Levite Nechemia 3:17, Βασουθ, א A SeptuagintL Ραουμ.

Nechemia 10:26, Ρα[ε]ουμ.

רָחַץ

verb wash, wash off, away, bathe (Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Arabic رَحَضَ (also of garments); Ethiopic ርሕፀ:, ረሐፀ:, sweat; compare Assyrian raḫâṣu, overflow, flood (on ḫ = ح see Noldeke^{ZMG xi (1886), 727}));—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ Yeshaya 4:4 +, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְחַץ Devarim 23:12 + etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. רְחַץ Shmuel Beis 11:8; Melachim Beis 5:13; mpl. רַחֲצוּ Breishis 18:4 +; infinitive (מקור) construct רְחֹץ Breishis 24:32 +, לְרָחְצָה Shemos 30:18 +; participle (בינוני) fs. רֹחֶ֫צֶת Shmuel Beis 11:2, fpl. רֹחֲצוֹת Shir HaShirim 5:12;—

trans. wash (with water), with a direct object feet (רגלים; בַּמַּיִם often expr.), Breishis 18:4; Breishis 19:2; Breishis 24:32; Breishis 43:24 (all J), Shoftim 19:21; Shmuel Alef 25:41; Shmuel Beis 11:8; Shir HaShirim 5:3; יִר׳ פְּעָמָיו בְּדַם הָרָשָׁע Tehillim 58:11 (figuratively of righteous, at י׳’s vengeance); with a direct object hands (יָדַיִם) Devarim 21:6 (+ עַל over, in ceremonial, to express innocence), hence figuratively אֶר׳ כַּפַּי בְּנִקָּיוֹן Tehillim 26:6; Tehillim 73:13; hands and feet Shemos 30:19 (+ מִן of laver), v Shemos 30:21; Shemos 40:31 (+ מִן the same; all P); with a direct object face (פָּנָיו) Breishis 43:31; with a direct object person Yechezkel 16:9; Shemos 29:4; Shemos 40:12; Vayikra 8:6 (all P), direct object בְּשָׂרוֹ (often ‖ כבּס of garments), Vayikra 14:9; Vayikra 15:13 + 9 times P; with a direct object of parts of sacrificial victim Shemos 29:17; Vayikra 1:9, Vayikra 1:13; Vayikra 8:21; Vayikra 9:14; wash off, away, with a direct object of filth Yeshaya 4:4 (figuratively).

intrans. wash, bathe (oneself): Shemos 2:5, Shmuel Beis 11:2; Shmuel Beis 12:20 Melachim Alef 22:38; Melachim Beis 5:10, Melachim Beis 5:12, Melachim Beis 5:13; Yeshaya 1:16; Yechezkel 23:40 (+ ל person of whom), Rus 3:3; Vayikra 14:8 + 14 times P (often ‖ כבּס); + ב of laver Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:6^(×2); of eyes, bathed in milk (בֶּחָלָב) Shir HaShirim 5:12 (figuratively); Iyov 29:6 (figuratively), see הָלִיךְ.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular רֻחָ֑ץ Mishlei 30:12 be washed (+ מִן of filth, figuratively); 2nd feminine singular בְּמַיִם לֹא רֻחַצְתְּ Yechezkel 16:4 (in figuratively).

past (עבר) 1st singular הִתְרָחַצְתִּי במו שׁלג Iyov 9:30 if I washed myself in snow (figuratively).

רָחַק

verb be, or become, far, distant (Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Assyrian especially adjective rûḳu, far; compare Arabic رَحِيقٌ choice wine (that is from a distance) Frä ¹⁵⁸; Ethiopic ርሕቀ: be far, Sabean רחק CIS^{iv, nos. 95, 98}; Aramaic רְחֵיק, רְחַק, and (often in der. spec. and deriv.) ܪܚܶܩ );—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ Yeshaya 59:9; Eicha 1:16, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְחַק Devarim 12:21 +, etc.; imperative (ציווי) fs. רַחֲקִי Yeshaya 54:14, mpl. רַחֲקוּ Yechezkel 11:15 < Pf. רָֽחֲקוּ Ra Hitzig Smend Co Toy Krae; infinitive (מקור) construct רְחֹק Tehillim 103:12 Koheles 3:5, לְרָֽחֳקָה Yechezkel 8:6;—be far, distant: c. מִן person, of place Devarim 12:21; Devarim 14:24, of person, = neglect, abandon, Mishlei 19:7; Iyov 30:10; in ψψ, of י׳, Tehillim 22:12, Tehillim 22:20 (מִן person om), Tehillim 35:22; Tehillim 38:22; Tehillim 71:12; of utter absence, or non-existence Eicha 1:16, compare Yeshaya 49:19 (absolute), subj. justice Yeshaya 59:9 (opposite הִשִּׂיג), compare v Yeshaya 59:11 (‖ אַיִן), subj. blessing Tehillim 109:17; subj. עֲצַת רְשָׁעִים Iyov 21:16; Iyov 22:18; c. מֵעַל person (י׳), of Isr. (figuratively) Yirmiya 2:5, compare Yechezkel 44:10; = far from (land of) י׳ Yechezkel 11:15 (see above; Krae ins. אֶרֶץ); c. מֵעַל location Yechezkel 8:6 (of י׳), מִן location (E. from W.) Tehillim 103:12; c. מִן rei (figuratively): תּוֹרָֽתְךָ Tehillim 119:150 (opposite קרב); מִיֶּשַׁע Iyov 5:4, מִעשֶׁק Yeshaya 54:14, compare Mishlei 22:5; = wholly abstain from Shemos 23:7, so (מן inf.) Koheles 3:5; absolute of י׳’s righteousness, with ref. to time Yeshaya 46:13 (‖ אחר; opposite קרב).—יִרְחַק־חֹק Micha 7:11 boundary shall become distant, that is territory be enlarged (? crpt., compare Wellhausen Nowack); ירחק חֶבֶל הַכֶּסֶף Kesiv Koheles 12:6 be removed? Keri יֵרָתֵק be joined? Septuagint ἀνατραπῇ, Vulgate rumpatur, compare Peshitta, read probably יִנָּתֵק Pfannk Gesenius' Thesaurus Ewald De Siegf Buhl^Lex.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular רִחַק Yeshaya 6:12, of י׳, send far away, direct object person; of people, לִבּוֹ ר׳ Yeshaya 29:13, c. מִן of י׳; 2nd masculine singular רִחַקְתָּ Yeshaya 26:15 thou hast far extended (with a direct object) all the ends (boundaries) of the land; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural יְרַחֲקוּ אֶת־זְנוּתָם Yechezkel 43:9.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הִרִחִיק Iyov 19:13 Tehillim 103:12, 1st singular with suffix הִרְחַקְתִּים Yechezkel 11:16, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular with suffix יַרְהִיקֶנָּה Mishlei 22:15, 2nd masculine singular תַּרְהִיק Iyov 22:23, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. הַרְהֵק Mishlei 4:24 + 2 times, הַרְחַ֑ק Iyov 13:21, with suffix הַרְחִיקֵהוּ Iyov 11:14; infinitive (מקור) absolute הַרְחֵק Breishis 21:16 +, construct הַרְחִיק Yirmiya 27:10, with suffix הַרְחִיקָם Yoel 4:6;—

dir. caus. make, or exhibit, distance, be gone far, subj. person: Breishis 44:4, c. מִן location Yehoshua 8:4, Shoftim 18:22; followed by inf. construct הַרְחֵק לֹא תַר׳ לָלֶכֶת Shemos 8:24, compare Tehillim 55:8; infinitive (מקור) absolute as adverb = at a distance Breishis 21:16, c. מִן location Shemos 33:7, Yehoshua 3:16 (הַר׳ מְאֹד מִן, Keri; > Kesiv ב for מן).

indir. caus. remove, put far away, with a direct object person + מֵעַל of land Yirmiya 27:10, compare Yoel 4:6, + מֵעַל person Iyov 19:13 and (direct object הַצְּפוֹנִי) Yoel 2:20, + מִן person Tehillim 88:9, Tehillim 88:19; + בַּגּוֹיִם Yechezkel 11:16; with a direct object כַּף + מֵעַל person Iyov 13:21, with a direct object דֶּרֶךְ + the same Mishlei 5:8; with a direct object of sin + מִן person Mishlei 4:24; Iyov 11:14 (מִן person om.); Mishlei 22:15; Mishlei 30:8 Tehillim 103:12; + מִן location Iyov 22:23.

רָחֹק

adjective distant, far, et noun (masc.) ^{Yehoshua 3:4} distance (Lagarde^{BN 31});—absolute רָחֹק Shemos 2:4 +, רָחוֹק Yechezkel 6:12 +; fs. רְחֹקָה Devarim 30:11 +, רְחוֹקָה Yehoshua 9:6 +; mpl. רְחֹקִים Devarim 13:8 +, etc., fpl. absolute רְחֹקוֹת Yirmiya 48:24 +, etc.;—often opposite קָרוֹב:

adjective

of space: distant, land Yehoshua 9:6, Yehoshua 9:9 (+ מְאֹד), Devarim 29:21; Melachim Alef 8:41, Melachim Alef 8:46 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:32, Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:36; Melachim Beis 20:14 = Yeshaya 39:3, אִיִּים ר׳ Yeshaya 66:19 + perhaps Tehillim 65:6 (Cheyne Wellhausen read אִיִּם for יָם; Weir in Cheyne גּוֹיִם; Masoretic Text makes ר׳ = distant ones, people); c. מִן person, of peoples Yehoshua 9:22, Shoftim 18:7, persons Yechezkel 22:5; Nechemia 4:13; Mishlei 15:29 (י׳, figuratively), compare Yirmiya 12:2 (the same), cities Devarim 20:15, so (מִן location) Shoftim 18:28; absolute of people Yoel 4:8, persons Yeshaya 33:13; Yeshaya 57:19; Yirmiya 25:26; Yechezkel 6:12; Zecharia 6:15; Mishlei 27:10; Daniel 9:7 Esther 9:20, cities Yirmiya 48:24, tress Tehillim 56:1 (title; see יוֹנָה ad fin., p. 401), of distant journey Bamidbar 9:10; figuratively, רָחוֹק pred. (indef.) Koheles 7:24, of י׳’s מִצְוָה Devarim 30:11; c. מִן person (that is absent from, lacking to), of salvation Tehillim 119:155, wisdom Koheles 7:23; of person c. מִן of act or quality Yeshaya 46:12 Tehillim 22:2; of price, c. מִן comp. = far beyond Mishlei 31:10.

of time: לְעִתִּים רְחוֹקוֹת Yechezkel 12:27.

noun (masc.) always sing.:

of space: distance Yehoshua 3:4; elsewhere c. preposition: (1) מֵר׳ from a distance, c. verbs implying motion, physical or mental: look Breishis 22:4 Breishis 37:18 Iyov 2:12; Iyov 36:25; bring Devarim 28:49; Yeshaya 43:6; Yeshaya 60:9, compare Yirmiya 46:27; come Yeshaya 49:12; Yeshaya 60:4 Chavakuk 1:8; hear Yeshaya 49:1; smell Iyov 39:25; remember Yirmiya 51:50; understand Tehillim 139:2; Tehillim 139:2 transfer to b. also worship Shemos 24:1; (2) מֵר׳ at a distance (מִן 1 c) Shemos 2:4, Shemos 20:15, Shemos 20:18 (E, Gi v Shemos 20:13, Shemos 20:15), Shmuel Alef 26:13; Melachim Beis 2:7; Yeshaya 5:26; Yeshaya 59:14; Yirmiya 31:3 Tehillim 38:12, compare אֱלֹהֵי מֵר׳ Yirmiya 23:23 a God afar off (on construct compare Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 130a; < read אלהים ר׳ Giesebrecht, compare Septuagint); (3) מֵר׳ to a distance (מִן 1 c) Yeshaya 22:3; Yeshaya 23:7 Mishlei 7:19; (4) בְּר׳ at a distance Tehillim 10:1; עַד־ר׳ to a distance Micha 4:3; also c. two prepp.: (5) לְמֵר׳ from (מִן 9 b), Iyov 36:3; Iyov 39:29; (6) עַד־מֵר׳ (iii. עַד I. 1 a) to a distance Yeshaya 57:9 + Nechemia 12:43 van d. H. (עַד om. Baer Gi); even (7) עַד־לְמֵר׳ (עַד III.) Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:15; Ezra 3:13.

of time, מֵר׳ long ago Yeshaya 22:11, c. noun = ancient, of long standing Yeshaya 25:1; לְמֵר׳ long ago Melachim Beis 19:25 = Yeshaya 37:26; from a far Shmuel Beis 7:19 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:17.

רָחַשׁ

verb keep moving, stir (Mishnaic Hebrew stir, move, especially of lips in speech, also, in expl. of מרחשׁת, of stewing, boiling; Aramaic רְחֵישׁ, ܪܚܶܫ, ܪܚܰܫ, creep, more, flutter, ܪܰܚܫܳܐ reptile);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ לִבִּי דָּבָר טוֹב Tehillim 45:2 is astir.

רָטֵב

verb be moist (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Assyrian raṭâbu, ii. moisten; Arabic رَطُبَ / رَطِبَ, Ethiopic ረጥበ Aramaic רְטַב, ܪܛܶܒ, all be moist);—

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular מִזֶּרֶם הָרִים יִרְטָ֑בוּ Iyov 24:8.

רָטֹב

adjective moist, juicy, fresh;—ר׳ הוּא לִפְנֵי־שָׁ֑מֶשׁ Iyov 8:16.

רָטָה

verb (doubtful) wring out (Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew (si vera l., see Levy^{NHWB iv. 444} and reff.));—

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular with suffix יִרְטֵנִי Iyov 16:11 upon the hands of wicked men he wrings me out, but read probably יִֽרְ׳, √ יָרַט (Dillmann Budde Duhm and elsewhere), q.see

רֻטֲפַשׁ

verb quadril. intrans. grow fresh (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 56; si vera l., transp. טרפשׁ [expanded from טָפַשׁ be wide, loose, delicate, compare especially Assyrian ṭapâšu, be fat, ZimBP ^99A Frä^{ZA iii. 55}], compare Talm. טַרְפְּשָׁא fatty membrane, Syriac ܛܶܪܦܳܫܬܳܐ Payne Smith (Syriac Thesaurus) ¹⁵²⁷ thin flesh; Arabic طَرْفَشَ be convalescent; but ר׳ perhaps not orig.);—past (עבר) passive רֻטֲפַשׁ בְּשָׂרוֹ מִנֹּעַר Iyov 33:25 his flesh hath grown fresher than, etc.; read perhaps טפשׁ AltschüllerZAW ^{vi (1886), 212}, יטפשׁ Bi Budde compare Duhm.

רִי²

רִיב

[Noldeke^{ZMG xxxvii (1883), 530, 534} Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 73b] verb strive, contend (compare Arabic رَابَ (ى) agitate (the mind), رَيْبٌ disquiet; compare also Syriac ܪܳܒ cry, shout, Aph. also quarrel noisily, ܪܰܘܒܳܐ shouting, clamour (see Noldeke^l.c.); on Sabean proper name ריב = Arabic رياب see D.H. Müller^{ib. 14});—Qal past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular רָב Shoftim 11:25 Shmuel Alef 25:29; 2nd masculine singular רַבְתָּ Eicha 3:58, רִיבוֹתָ Iyov 33:13, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָרִיב Shoftim 6:31 +, juss. יָרֵב Hoshea 4:4; Shmuel Alef 24:16, יָרֶ֫ב לוֹ(בּוֹ) Shoftim 6:31, Shoftim 6:32; וַיָּ֫רֶב Breishis 31:36 +; 2nd masculine singular תרוב Mishlei 3:30 Kesiv, תָּרִיב Keri; 3rd masculine plural יְרִיבֻן Shemos 21:18, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. רִיב Micha 6:1; Mishlei 25:9, רִיבָה Tehillim 35:1 +, mpl. רִיבוּ Yeshaya 1:17; Hoshea 2:4; infinitive (מקור) absolute רוֹב Shoftim 11:25, רֹב Iyov 40:2; רִיב Yirmiya 50:34 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 73d Konig^{i. 509} Barth^{NB 80}); construct רִיב Yeshaya 3:13; Iyov 9:3 + Iyov 21:22 Keri (Kesiv רוב), רִב Amos 7:4; Mishlei 25:8; participle (בינוני) רָב Yeshaya 19:20 +;—strive:

involving bodily struggle Shemos 21:18 (sc. one with another; E); public hostilities, יָדָיו רָב לוֹ Devarim 33:7 (with) his hands he strove for it, c. עִם of Israel, הֲרוֹב רָב Shoftim 11:25 (‖ נִלְחַם).

with words, c. ב person, Breishis 31:36, Shemos 17:2 Shoftim 6:32, so (in figuratively) Hoshea 2:4 compare v Hoshea 2:4; often = quarrel, c. עִם person Breishis 26:20; Shemos 17:2; Bamidbar 20:3 (all J), Nechemia 13:25; subj. God Iyov 9:3; Iyov 13:19; Iyov 23:6; also Iyov 40:2 (עִם of God; on inf. absolute see Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 114ee), in generally Mishlei 3:30; c. אֵת person Shoftim 8:1; Nechemia 5:7; Nechemia 13:11, Nechemia 13:17, subj. י׳ Yeshaya 49:25 (compare i. יָרִיב below), Tehillim 35:1 (‖ לָחַם); אֵת of י׳ Yeshaya 45:9 (pt. one striving), Bamidbar 20:13; c. עַל rei Breishis 26:21, Breishis 26:22; absolute = find fault Hoshea 4:4 (‖ הוֹכִיחַ). Especially

conduct a (legal) case, suit, usually figuratively, י׳ under; Yeshaya 3:13 (‖ דִּין), Yeshaya 57:16 (‖ קָצַף), Tehillim 103:9 (נָטַר [אַף]), compare קֹרֵא לָרִב בָּאֵשׁ Amos 7:4; with a direct object person with whom (unfriendly sense), Iyov 10:2; Yeshaya 27:8; with a direct object cogn. רִיב in good sense, = take one’s part, Shmuel Alef 24:15 (Gi; v Shmuel Alef 24:16 van d. H. Baer; ‖ שָׁפַט), Micha 7:9; Yirmiya 50:34 (רִיב יָרִיב אֶת־רִיבָם, inf. construct = inf. absolute, see above), Yirmiya 51:36 (‖ נקם), Eicha 3:58; Mishlei 22:23 Tehillim 43:1 (+ מִגּוֹי; ‖ שָׁפַט), Tehillim 119:154 (+ גָּאַל), also Tehillim 74:22 (God, his own cause); + מִיַד person against whom Shmuel Alef 25:39 (of vengeance); + אֵת person against whom Mishlei 23:11, so (without direct object cogn.) Yeshaya 50:8 Yirmiya 2:9^(×2); compare אֶת־ הֶהָרִים Micha 6:1 (II. אֵת 1 c; Septuagint πρός, whence Wellhausen Nowack אֶל־ in the presence of, but on רִיב אֶל see 4); ר׳ = plead, c. ל person for whom Shoftim 6:31^(×3) Iyov 13:8, with a direct object person for whom Yeshaya 1:17, of God Yeshaya 51:22, compare Devarim 33:8 (obscure, see Driver); of human disputes Mishlei 25:8, רִיבְךָ ר׳ אֶת־רֵעֶ֑ךָ v Mishlei 25:9.

= make complaint, c. אֶל person unto and against whom Shoftim 21:22; Yirmiya 2:29; Yirmiya 12:1; Iyov 33:13. Hiph. participle (בינוני) with suffix מריבו Shmuel Alef 2:10 Kesiv (Keri מְּרִיבָיו), that is (those) displaying contention against him (י׳), compare plural construct וְעַמְּךָ כִמְרִיבֵי כֹהֵן Hoshea 4:4, obscure; Robertson Smith^{Proph. 406} מָרוּ בִי thy people have rebelled against me, O priest! Beck Wü Wellhausen G.A. Smith וְעַמִּי כִּכְמָרָיו הַכֹּהֵן (הַכּ׳ as voc., and [by some] joined to v Hoshea 4:5); HermannSK^{, 1879, 516} וְעִמְּךָ עמרִיבִי הַכּ׳, compare Oort (רִיבִי); Ruben ^{Crit. Rem. ad location} וְעַמִּי כָמוֹךָ הַכּ׳, so Nowack.—וַיָּרֶב Shmuel Alef 15:5 see ארב Hiph.

רִיב²

noun (masc.) Yeshaya 1:23 strife, dispute;—absolute ר׳ Breishis 13:7 +, רִב Shemos 23:2 +; construct רִיב Shemos 17:7 +; with suffix רִיבִי Shmuel Alef 24:16 +, בְּרִבָם Iyov 31:13 (or inf.?), etc.; plural רִיבֹת Devarim 17:8; construct רִיבֵי Shmuel Beis 22:44 + 2 times, רִבוֹת Iyov 13:6;—strife, quarrel:

in words, Shemos 17:7, Devarim 1:12, about pasturage Breishis 13:7 (J; = מְרִיבָה v Breishis 13:8), in generally Mishlei 15:18; Mishlei 17:14; Mishlei 20:3; Mishlei 26:17, Mishlei 26:21; Mishlei 30:33, + מָדוֹן Chavakuk 1:3, so זִבְהֵי־ר׳ Mishlei 17:1; figuratively ר׳ עֲצָמָיו Iyov 33:19 Kesiv (Keri רוב, that is רֹב q.see); ר׳ לְשֹׁנוֹת Tehillim 31:21, compare Yeshaya 58:4; Mishlei 18:6; אִישׁ ר׳ Yirmiya 15:10 (+ א׳ מָדוֹן).

of public hostilities Shmuel Beis 22:44 = Tehillim 18:44, compare אִישׁ רִיב Shoftim 12:2, אַנְשֵׁי רִיבֶ֑ךָ Yeshaya 41:11; ‖ חָמָם Tehillim 55:10.

₃₉ especially dispute, controversy, case at law: Shemos 23:2, Shemos 23:3, Shemos 23:6, Devarim 21:5 (+ נֶגַע), Devarim 25:1 Shmuel Beis 15:2, Shmuel Beis 15:4 (‖ מִשְׁפָּט), + 10 times, + (of י׳) Hoshea 4:1; Hoshea 12:3 Micha 6:2^(×2) Yirmiya 25:31; Yechezkel 44:24; Eicha 3:36; as direct object cogn., case, cause Micha 7:9 Yirmiya 50:34 + 8 times (see √ 3), + רִיב חֶרְפָּתִי Shmuel Alef 25:39, רִיבֵי נַפְשִׁי Eicha 3:58; דִּבְרֵי רִיבֹת Devarim 17:8 matters of controversy; ר׳ Devarim 19:17 dispute as to guilt; אִישׁ רִיבִי Iyov 31:35 = accuser.

plea: Mishlei 18:17, רִבוֹת שְׂפָתַי Iyov 13:6 pleadings of my lips.

רִיבַי

n. pr. m. in Benj., Shmuel Beis 23:29 (Ρειβα, Εριβα) = Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:31 (Ρεβιε, Ρηβαι, Ριβατ, etc.); compare יְרִיבַי.

רִיחַ²

רִיק

verb

make empty, empty out (Arabic رَاقَ (ى) pour out, forth, intrans. (of water, blood, etc.); Aramaic רִיק empty, pour, ܪܳܩ in deriv.; Assyrian rêḳu, empty);—past (עבר) 1st singular הֲרִיקֹ֫תִי Vayikra 26:33 Malachi 3:10; 3rd plural הֵרִיקוּ Yechezkel 28:7; Yechezkel 30:11; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָרִיק Chavakuk 1:17, וַיָּ֫רֶק Breishis 14:14 (but see below); imperative (ציווי) ms. הָרֵק Tehillim 35:3; infinitive (מקור) construct הָרִיק Yeshaya 32:6; participle (בינוני) plural מְרִיקִים Breishis 42:35 Zecharia 4:12;—

empty vessels Breishis 42:35 Yirmiya 48:12; keep empty, לְהָרִיק נֶפֶשׁ רָעֵב Yeshaya 32:6 (that is keep hungry).

pour out or down, rain Malachi 3:10 Koheles 11:3, oil Zecharia 4:12.

empty out (that is draw) sword (compare Assyrian kakkê ittabbaku [passive], Delitzsch^{HWB 699 b}) Shemos 15:9 (poem), Vayikra 26:33, Yechezkel 5:2, Yechezkel 5:12; Yechezkel 12:14; Yechezkel 28:7; Yechezkel 30:11; probably also Chavakuk 1:17 (חרבו for חרמוֹ Giesebrecht Wellhausen Nowack); of lance Tehillim 35:3; compare (si vera l.) וירק חניכיו Breishis 14:14 led forth, < Sam. וַיָּ֫דֶק (Aramaic דּוּק Aph. look) that is mustered Septuagint compare Dillmann and elsewhere, ויפקד Ball.—In Tehillim 18:43 Septuagint Peshitta Hupfeld-Nowack Baethgen read אֲדִקֵּם; so ‖ Shmuel Beis 22:43 Masoretic Text; but De Driver < אֲרִיקֵם (see דקק).

be emptied out from vessel: past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הוּרַק Yirmiya 48:11; future (עתיד) 2nd masculine singular תּוּרַק Shir HaShirim 1:3 (and elsewhere 3rd feminine singular; of ointment, in simile); compare also Amos 6:6, where Oort מוּרְקֵי for מִזְרְקֵי.

רֵיק

adjective empty, vain;—m. absolute רֵק Breishis 37:24 + 2 times; f. רֵקָה Yechezkel 24:11 Yeshaya 29:8; mpl. רֵ(י)קִים Shoftim 7:16 +; fpl. רֵקוֹת Breishis 41:27;—

empty, of vessels Melachim Beis 4:3 Shoftim 7:16 Yechezkel 24:11 + (probably) Yirmiya 14:3 (רֵיקִים for רֵיקָם), Yirmiya 51:34 (רֵיק for רִיק); of pit Breishis 37:24, lap Nechemia 5:13, ears of grain Breishis 41:27 (E; דַּקּוֹת v Breishis 41:6, Breishis 41:7, Breishis 41:23, Breishis 41:24); רֵקָה נַפְשׁוֹ Yeshaya 29:8 (compare Breishis 32:6 √ 1).

empty, idle, worthless, ethically; אנשׁים ריקים worthless fellows Shoftim 9:4; Shoftim 11:3 Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:7, so הָרֵקִים alone (as noun) Shmuel Beis 6:20; מְרַדֵּף רֵיקִים Mishlei 12:11 Authorized Version Revised Version of persons; < vain, unprofitable things, Mishlei 28:19 (see Toy); דָּבָר ר׳ מִן Devarim 32:47 a thing too empty (of significance) for you; + (probably) Tehillim 4:3 (רֵיק for Masoretic Text רִיק) love an empty thing (‖ כזב), of abortive course of action.

רִיק²

n.[m.] emptiness, vanity;—chiefly in adverb phr. לְרִיק Yeshaya 49:4 Iyov 39:16 in vain (of labour without benefit), so לָר׳ Vayikra 26:16, Vayikra 26:20, Yeshaya 65:23; and as adverb direct object רִיק Yeshaya 30:7 Tehillim 73:13, probably also Tehillim 2:1 (most = empty scheme as רֵיק 2) compare Tehillim 4:3 (read probably רֵיק); בְּדֵי רִיק Yirmiya 51:58 = Chavakuk 2:13.—Yirmiya 51:34 see רֵיק 1.

רֵיקָם

adverb emptily, vainly;—

in empty condition, empty = with empty hands; c. verb of sending Breishis 31:42, Devarim 15:13 Shmuel Alef 6:3 Iyov 22:9; of going forth Shemos 3:21, returning Rus 1:21; Rus 3:17; = without an offering, לֹא יֵרָאוּ פָנַי ר׳ Shemos 23:15 = Shemos 34:20, more fully Devarim 16:16 (compare [פָּנֶה] II. 2, ראה Niph. 1 b).

in vain, without effect: c. שׁוּב Shmuel Beis 1:22 (poem), Yeshaya 55:11 Yirmiya 14:3 (but see רֵיק 1), Yirmiya 50:9; probably also צוֹרֲרִי ר׳ Tehillim 7:5 those who were my adversaries in vain (without success); הַבּוֹגְדִים ר׳ Tehillim 25:3 that deal treacherously in vain (in both most without cause).

רֵישׁ

רַךְ

רָכַב

verb mount and ride, ride (Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Assyrian rakâbu, Arabic رَكِبَ,, Aramaic רְכֵיב, ܪܟܶܒ, all the same; compare Zinj. רכב war-chariot, proper name div. רכבאל (Cook¹⁰⁸); Sabean רכבהו = his rider Mordtm^{Him. Inschr. 25} (of horse; but his trappings CIS^{iv. no. 306, 5}); Ethiopic ረከበ: is attain, acquire);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ Esther 6:8; 2nd masculine singular רָכַבְתָּ Bamidbar 22:30; 3rd plural רָֽכְבוּ Shmuel Alef 30:17; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְכַּב Vayikra 15:9, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. רְכַב Tehillim 45:5; infinitive (מקור) construct לִרְכֹּב Shmuel Beis 16:2 Melachim Beis 4:24; participle (בינוני) active רֹכֵב absolute Bamidbar 22:22 +, construct Amos 2:15; with suffix רֹכְבוֹ Breishis 49:17 +; fs. absolute רֹכֶ֫בֶת Shmuel Alef 25:30; mpl. רֹכְבִים Melachim Beis 9:25 +, etc.;—

mount, mount and sit, or ride, c. עַל of camel Breishis 24:61, Shmuel Alef 30:17, of ass (חֲמוֹר) Shmuel Alef 25:42; Shmuel Alef 25:20 Shmuel Beis 16:2 (עַל object om.), Shmuel Beis 19:27 Melachim Alef 13:13, of mule (פֶּרֶד) Shmuel Beis 13:29; absolute of mounting (and riding in) chariot Melachim Alef 18:45 Melachim Beis 9:16.

ride, be riding, c. עַל of mule (פֶּרֶד) Shmuel Beis 18:9, of ass, אָתוֹן Bamidbar 22:22, so (עַל object om.) Melachim Beis 4:24, of חֲמוֹר Zecharia 9:9, of horse Zecharia 1:8; c. עַל־מֶרְכָּב (v מ׳) Vayikra 15:9; c. ב of animal (בְּהֵמָה) Nechemia 2:12; ב of chariotry and horses Yirmiya 17:25 = Yirmiya 22:4; absolute (perhaps in chariot) Tehillim 45:5 ride on! ride (habitually) c. עַל of אָתוֹן Bamidbar 22:30, of עֲיָרִים Shoftim 10:4; Shoftim 12:14, of סוּם Hoshea 14:4 (figuratively of alliance with Egypt), Yirmiya 6:23; Yirmiya 50:42 Esther 6:8, Chavakuk 3:8 (figuratively of י׳; poss. add with suffix ref. to יָם, compare Devarim 33:26), עַל־קַל (‖ סוּם) Yeshaya 30:16; of י׳, עַל־כְּרוּב Shmuel Beis 22:11 = Tehillim 18:11, עַל־עָב קַל Yeshaya 19:1, with a direct object שָׁמַיִם ride through Devarim 33:26, but also c. ב location in, through, Tehillim 68:5, Tehillim 68:34.

pt. רֹכֵב etc., as noun, rider: רֹכְבֵי אֲתֹנוֹת Shoftim 5:10; ר׳ (ה)סוּם Amos 2:15 Melachim Beis 9:18, Melachim Beis 9:19 Yechezkel 23:23; Yechezkel 38:15 Zecharia 10:5, so (appos. פָּרָשִׁים) Yechezkel 23:6, Yechezkel 23:12; with suffix of סוּם Breishis 49:17 Shemos 15:1, Shemos 15:21 Yirmiya 51:21 Zecharia 12:4 Iyov 39:18 Chaggai 2:22; עַל of סוּם Melachim Beis 18:23 = Yeshaya 36:8; רֹכְבֵי רֶכֶשׁ Esther 8:10, Esther 8:14; with suffix of chariot Yirmiya 51:21 b Chaggai 2:22.

past (עבר) 2nd masculine singular הִרְכַּבְתָּ Tehillim 66:12, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיַּרְכֵּב Breishis 41:43 Melachim Beis 13:16, with suffix יַרְכִּבֵהוּ Devarim 32:13, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. הַרְכֵּב Melachim Beis 13:16;—

cause to (mount and) ride: with a direct object person + עַל of חֲמוֹר Shemos 4:20, of פִּרְדָּה Melachim Alef 1:33, Melachim Alef 1:38, Melachim Alef 1:44, of סוּם Esther 6:9, compare (עַל־סוּם om.) v Esther 6:11; with a direct object person + ב of chariot Breishis 41:43, Melachim Beis 10:16; ב of chariot om. Melachim Beis 9:28; Melachim Beis 23:30 = (c. עֶל־רֶכֶב) Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:24; figuratively Iyov 30:22 (sc. on the wind); with a direct object rei + אֶל־עֲגָלָה Shmuel Beis 6:3 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:7; figuratively, with a direct object person + עַל location (על־במותי ארץ) Devarim 32:13 so Yeshaya 58:14, + לְרֹאשֵׁנוּ Tehillim 66:12 over our heads.

cause to draw (plough, etc.) Hoshea 10:11, object Ephr. under figuratively of heifer.

figuratively (עַל־הַקֶשֶׁת) הַרְכֵּב יָֽדְךָ Melachim Beis 13:16^(×2) cause hand to ride upon (grasp) bow.

רֶ֫כֶב

noun (masc.) Melachim Beis 13, Melachim Beis 7 [even Nachum 2:5, where read מַרְאֵיהֶם (for -הֶן) Wellhausen Nowack Albr^{journal ZAW xvi (1896), 90}] chariotry, chariot, mill-stone; appar. also riders (compare Lagarde^BN151);—absolute ר׳ Breishis 50:9 +, רָ֑כֶב Shmuel Beis 8:4 +; construct רֶכֶב Shemos 14:9 +; with suffix רִכְבִּי Shoftim 4:7 +, רִכְבּוֹ Melachim Beis 5:9 +, רִכְבָּהּ Nachum 2:14; plural construct רִכְבֵי Shir HaShirim 1:9;—Hoshea 10:13 see below;—

₁₀₉ coll. chariotry, chariots [sometimes of specific no. Melachim Beis 13:7; Shmuel Beis 8:4; Shemos 14:7 etc.; often + פָּרָשִׁים, סוּס(ים)]. especially war-chariots: in Egypt Shemos 14:7, Yehoshua 24:6 +; early Canaan Yehoshua 11:4; Shoftim 4:7, Shoftim 4:13; Shoftim 5:28 (not singular; ‖ מַרְכְּבוֹתָיו) +, called ר׳ בַּרְזֶל (that is iron-bound, or studded, compare G.F. Moore Shoftim 1, Shoftim 19 and reff.), †Yehoshua 17:16, Yehoshua 17:18; Shoftim 1:19; Shoftim 4:3, Shoftim 4:13†; Philist., according to Shmuel Alef 13:5; Shmuel Beis 1:6; Aramaic Shmuel Beis 8:4; Shmuel Beis 10:18 +; Judah and Israel (from David’s time, compare Shmuel Beis 8:4) Melachim Alef 9:19, Melachim Alef 9:22; Melachim Alef 10:26 +, read also בְּרִכְבְּךָ Hoshea 10:13 (for בְּדַרְכְּךָ) Septuagint (Alexandrinus) Wellhausen Nowack G.A. Smith; Assyria Melachim Beis 19:23 = Yeshaya 37:24; Nachum 2:4, Nachum 2:5, Nachum 2:14 (to be burnt; made mainly of wood); Babyl. Yirmiya 47:3 (on title v Yirmiya 47:1, see Graf Giesebrecht), Yirmiya 50:37; Yirmiya 51:21 Yechezkel 23:24 +, etc.; for dignity and display Melachim Alef 1:5; Melachim Beis 5:9; Yirmiya 17:25; Yirmiya 22:4; Yeshaya 66:20, compare Breishis 50:9, (compare also Melachim Alef 9:19, Melachim Alef 9:22; Melachim Alef 10:26, etc.); figuratively of Elijah, ר׳ יִשְׂרָאֵל וּפָרָשָׁיו Melachim Beis 2:12, of Elisha Melachim Beis 13:14; רֶכֶב אֵשׁ Melachim Beis 2:11 chariotry of fire (at Elijah’s translation); ר׳ אֵל Tehillim 68:18 chariots of Ēl, that is his heavenly host, compare vision Melachim Beis 6:17, and also Melachim Beis 7:6; ר׳ meton. for chariot-horses Shmuel Beis 8:4 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:4.

of single chariot Melachim Alef 22:35, Melachim Alef 22:38; Melachim Beis 9:21^(×2), Melachim Beis 9:24; Melachim Beis 10:16; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:24, probably also Shemos 14:6; plural רִכְבֵי פַרְעֹה Shir HaShirim 1:9.

upper millstone (as riding on the lower) Devarim 24:6; Shoftim 9:53; Shmuel Beis 11:21.

appar. = riders (coll.), troop (of riders): שְׁנֵי רֶכֶב סוּסִים Melachim Beis 7:14 perhaps רֹכְבֵי, compare Septuagint and Melachim Beis 9:16 Bur. two riders of horses, horsemen or two chariots drawn by horses (?); in following text doubtful: ר׳ צֶמֶד פָּרָשִׁים ר׳ חֲמוֹר ר׳ גָּמָל Yeshaya 21:7 riders, viz. a pair of horsemen, ass-riders, camel-riders; compare ר׳ אִישׁ צֶמֶד פָּרָשִׁים v Yeshaya 21:9 that is men riding, a pair of horsemen; בְּר׳ אָדָם פָּרָשִׁים Yeshaya 22:6 with riders (consisting of) men, horsemen, but use of אָדָם very improb.; attractive is with chariotry of (drawn by) steeds (א׳ as gloss) Duhm Cheyne^Haupt Dillmann-Kittel but פ׳ hardly steeds here (compare פ׳ horsemen, v Yeshaya 21:7); read perhaps simply בְּר׳ וּפ׳.

רַכָּב

noun (masc.)

charioteer, רַכָּבוֹ Melachim Alef 22:34 = הָרַכָּב Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:33.

horseman, רַכָּב Melachim Beis 9:17 (= רֹכֵב (ה)סוּם v Melachim Beis 9:18, Melachim Beis 9:19).

רֵכָב

proper name (masc.) (bond of riders? compare Arabic رِكَابٌ camels used in journeying);—

Ρηχαβ:

in יְהוֹנָדָב בֶּן־ר׳ (Jehu’s time, see יְהו׳) Melachim Beis 10:15, Melachim Beis 10:23, whose descendants [or, the members of whose society, Robertson Smith^{K 15}, yet v Noldeke^{ZMG xl (1886), 171}] were contemp. with Jerem., Yirmiya 35:6, Yirmiya 35:8, Yirmiya 35:14, Yirmiya 35:16, Yirmiya 35:19; Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:55 הַקִּינִים (see קֵינִי) are said to be descended from Ḥammath, אֲבִי בֵית־רֵכָב.—On the asceticism of diff. tribes compare Diod^{xix. 94} (Nabataeans), Palmer^{Desert 432} (Kheibarí Jews in Arabia); see also Berthol^{Stellung Isr. zu d. Fremden 80}.

(perhaps = a, so EMey^{Entstehung 147}) in מַלְכִּיָּה בֶן־ר׳ Nechemia 3:14.

in Benjamin, Shmuel Beis 4:2 (Ρηχαβ), v Shmuel Beis 4:5, Shmuel Beis 4:6, Shmuel Beis 4:9 (Ρεκχα; A SeptuagintL Ρηχαβ in all).

רֵכָבִי

adjectivegent. of רֵכָב 1, only plural הָרֵכָבִים as noun, in בֵּית הָר׳ Yirmiya 35:2, Yirmiya 35:3, Yirmiya 35:18, בְּנֵי בֵית־הָר׳ v Yirmiya 35:5, Αρχαβειν, Ραχαβειν, etc.

רֵכָה

proper name (place) in Judah;—Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:12, Ρηχαβ.

רָכַךְ

verb be tender, weak, soft (Arabic رَكَّ, Aramaic רְכַךְ (in der. spec. and deriv.), ܪܰܟ, the same);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular רַךְ Melachim Beis 22:19; Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:27; 3rd plural רַכּוּ Tehillim 55:22; future (עתיד) יֵרַךְ (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 67 p) Yeshaya 7:4 +;—

be tender, weak, of heart:

be timid, fearful, ‖ יָרֵא, Yeshaya 7:4; Yirmiya 51:46; Devarim 20:3.

be softened, penitent, ‖ כָּנַע Niph., Melachim Beis 22:19 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:27

be soft, of treacherous words Tehillim 55:22 (c. מִן comp.; ‖ II. חָלַק).

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular רֻכְּכָה Yeshaya 1:6 it has not been softened, mollified, with oil (of wound, מַכָּה).

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular וְאֵל הֵרַךְ לִבִּי Iyov 23:16 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 67 v), causat. of Qal 1 a.

רַךְ²

adjective tender, delicate, soft;—ר׳ absolute Breishis 18:7 +, construct Devarim 20:8; Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:7; fs. רַכָּה Devarim 28:56 +; mpl. רַכִּים Breishis 33:13; fpl. absolute רַכּוֹת Breishis 29:17 Iyov 40:27;—

tender of flesh Breishis 18:7 (J; בֶּן־בָּקָר); tender, delicate, especially in body, of children Breishis 33:13, compare (implying weakness of undeveloped character) Shmuel Beis 3:39, נַעַר וָרָ֑ךְ Divrei HaYamim Alef 22:5; Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:1, (וְיָחִיד) רַךְ Mishlei 4:3 (‘of tender age,’ Toy, q.see); of man (+ עָנֹג; that is delicately nurtured) Devarim 28:54, so of woman v Devarim 28:56 (+ עֲנֻגָּה), so, figuratively of Babylonian, Yeshaya 47:1 (+ the same); רַךְ as noun = tender (twig) Yechezkel 17:22 (in figuratively); delicate, weak, of eyes Breishis 29:17.

רַךְ (ה)לֵבָב weak of heart, timid, Devarim 20:8 (+ יָרֵא), Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:7 (נַעַר).

soft, of words, absolute רַכּוֹת Iyov 40:27 = noun, mild, gentle words (‖ תַּחֲנוּנִים); מַעֲנֶה רַךְ Mishlei 15:1 (opposite דְּבַר עֶצֶב), לָשׁוֹן רַכָּה Mishlei 25:15.

רָכִיל

n.[m.] slander, > tale-bearer, informer;—always ר׳ absolute;—ר׳ יַהֲלֹךְ Yirmiya 9:3, תֵּלֵךְ ר׳ Vayikra 19:16, הוֹלֵךְ ר׳ Mishlei 11:13; Mishlei 20:19, all of going about in slander, as slanderer (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 118 q); הֹלְכֵי ר׳ Yirmiya 6:28 goers of slander (slanderous persons) (compare הָלַךְ, p. 231 f.); אַנְשֵׁי ר׳ Yechezkel 22:9 men of slander, informers.

רָכַשׁ

verb collect, gather property, verb only P (rare) (Mand. רכש gather, Norberg^{Lexid. 231}; Assyrian rukûšu, property (Haupt^{Hbr iii. 110} riding anim.); Aramaic רִכְשָׁא, ܪܰܟܫܳܐ = Biblical Hebrew רֶכֶשׁ);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳, direct object קִנְיָן, Breishis 31:18b; Breishis 36:6; elsewhere with a direct object cogn. אֲשֶׁר רָכָ֑שׁ ׃רְכוּשׁ Breishis 31:18a, 3rd plural רָֽכְשׁוּ Breishis 46:6, רָכָ֑שׁוּ Breishis 12:5.

רְכוּשׁ

noun (masc.) Breishis 13, Breishis 6 property, goods;—absolute רְכוּשׁ Bamidbar 16:32 +, רְכֻשׁ Breishis 14:16, Breishis 14:21; construct רְכוּשׁ Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:7, רְכֻשׁ Breishis 14:11; with suffix רְכֻשׁוֹ v Breishis 14:12 +, רְכוּשָׁם Breishis 12:5 +, etc.;—property, goods, PRChr Dn Breishis 14:

generally term for movable possessions of all kinds (often specif. incl. cattle), Breishis 12:5; Breishis 15:14; Bamidbar 16:32; Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:31; Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:1; Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:3; Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:29; Ezra 8:21; Ezra 10:8.

used specif. of cattle, flocks, etc. Breishis 13:6; Breishis 31:18; Breishis 36:7; Bamidbar 35:3; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:7.

of stores, utensils, etc. Breishis 46:6; Ezra 1:4, Ezra 1:6, as camp-baggage Daniel 11:13, especially as booty Breishis 14:11, Breishis 14:12, Breishis 14:16^(×2), Breishis 14:21; Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:25; Divrei HaYamim Beis 21:14, Divrei HaYamim Beis 21:17; Daniel 11:24, Daniel 11:28.

רָם²

רָמָה³

verb cast, shoot (Assyrian ramû, throw, lay; Arabic رَمَى throw, shoot; Ethiopic ረመየ: strike, aim a blow at; Aramaic רְמָא, ܪܡܳܐ cast, throw);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳, subj. י׳ Shemos 15:1, Shemos 15:21 (song), with a direct object + בַּיָּם; participle (בינוני) רֹמֵה קֶשֶׁת Yirmiya 4:29 coll. (or read רֹמֵי) bow-shooters, bowmen, plural construct נוֹשְׁקֵי רוֹמֵי־ק׳ Tehillim 78:9 (see II. נשׁק); compare רֹבֵה Breishis 21:20 (see II. רבה, קַשָּׁת).

רָמָה⁴

verb

beguile, deal treacherously with (Mishnaic Hebrew in deriv.; Targum רְמָא Pa.; Buhl^Lex cp. Arabic رَمَى vi. be sluggish, backward (of wound), become putrid, corrupt);—past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular רִמָּה Mishlei 26:19, with suffix רִמָּנִי Shmuel Beis 19:27; 2nd masculine singular with suffix רִמִּיתָנִי Breishis 29:25 Shmuel Alef 28:12; 2nd feminine singular with suffix רִמִּיתִנִי Shmuel Alef 19:17, etc.; infinitive (מקור) construct with suffix לְרַמּוֹתַנִי Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:18 (van d. H. v Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:17);—beguile, deceive, mislead, direct object person, Breishis 29:25, Yehoshua 9:22, Shmuel Alef 28:12; Shmuel Beis 19:27; Mishlei 26:19; deal treacherously with, betray, direct object person, Shmuel Alef 19:17 Eicha 1:19, + לְצָרַי Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:17.

רְמִיָּה

noun (fem.) deceit, treachery;—always absolute ר׳;—deceit, treachery: especially of speech, pred. of לָשׁוֹן Micha 6:12 (‖ שֶׁקֶר), appos. of לָשׁוֹן (or read לְשֹׁוֹן?) Tehillim 120:2 (‖ שְׂפַת שֶׁקֶר), v Tehillim 120:3; of man, עֹשֵׂה ר׳ Tehillim 52:4 that workest treachery, Tehillim 101:7 (‖ דֹּבֵר שְׁקָרִים); also Iyov 13:7; Iyov 27:4 (both ‖ עַוְלָה); deception Tehillim 32:2 (‖ עָוֹן); in phr. קֶשֶׁת ר׳ treacherous bow (simile) Hoshea 7:16 Tehillim 78:57 (failing him who trusts to it).

רְמִיָּה²

noun (fem.) laxness, slackness;—always absolute ר׳;—כַּף ר׳ Mishlei 10:4 slack (negligent, idle) hand (opposite יַד חָרוּצִים); ר׳ alone = slackness (abstr. for concr. = one who is slack) Mishlei 12:24 (‖ the same), v Mishlei 12:27 (see חרך); נֶפֶשׁ ר׳ Mishlei 19:15 (‖ עַצְלָה); as adverb עֹשֶׁה מְלֶאכֶת י׳ רְמִיָּה Yirmiya 48:10.

רַמְיָה

proper name (masc.) (proposes י׳ hath loosened?);—one with foreign wife Ezra 10:25, Ραμιά(ς).

רָמָה⁵

רִמָּה

see II. רמם.

רִמּוֹן

noun (masc.) ^{Yirmiya 52:23} pomegranate (foreign word of doubtful origin, compare Löw^{Noldeke. 310} Hom^{A. u. A. 97 ff.}; Aramaic רִימּוֹנָא, רוּמָּנָא, ܪܽܘܡܳܢܳܐ, Mand. רומאנא Noldeke^{M. 123}; Arabic رُمَّانٌ (Aramaic loan-word, Frä ¹⁴²), Ethiopic ሮማን: );—absolute ר׳ Shmuel Alef 14:2 +, רִמֹּן Shemos 39:26, Shemos 39:26; with suffix רִמֹּנִי Shir HaShirim 8:2; plural רִמּוֹנִים Melachim Alef 7:20 +, etc.;—pomegranate:

tree Shmuel Alef 14:2, often + גֶּפֶן, תְּאֵנָה, etc., Bamidbar 20:5, Devarim 8:8; Chaggai 2:19; Yoel 1:12; Shir HaShirim 4:13; Shir HaShirim 6:11; Shir HaShirim 7:13.

fruit Bamidbar 13:23 (+ עֲנָבִים, תְּאֵנִים); עֲסִיס ר׳ Shir HaShirim 8:2, פֶּלַח הָר׳ (in simile) Shir HaShirim 4:3; Shir HaShirim 6:7.

ornaments in temple, shaped like pomegranates (compare رُمَّانَة in mod. Syria = epaulet, Almkvist^{Kl. Beiträge zur Lexicogr., etc.} Nestle^{Marg. 12}), Melachim Alef 7:18 (on text compare Stade^{journal ZAW iii (1883), 154 f.} Kittel Benzinger), v Melachim Alef 7:20, Melachim Alef 7:42^(×2) ‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:16; Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:13^(×2) Melachim Beis 25:17 = Yirmiya 52:22; Yirmiya 52:22, Yirmiya 52:23^(×2); so in tabernacle, Shemos 28:33, Shemos 28:34^(×2); Shemos 39:24, Shemos 39:25^(×2), Shemos 39:26^(×2).

רִמּוֹן²

proper name dei, in Aramaic (Old Aramaic רמן in proper name Lidzbarski ³⁶⁹ Cook ¹⁰⁸; Assyrian Rammânu, god of wind, rain and storm (Schrader^{Cuneiform Inscriptions & the Old Testament} Melachim Beis 5, Melachim Beis 18 Zim^{Schrader's Keilinschriften 3, 442 ff.} Muss-Arnolt^{JBL xi (1892), 172} Jastr^{Rel. Babylonian 156 ff.}); Sabean רמן (CIS^{iv, no. 140, 209} H. Derenb in Kohut-Studies^{120 ff.}); etym. doubtful; √ רעם thunder Schrader; √ ramâmu, roar Delitzsch^{HWB 624} and most; = i. רִמּוֹן Hom^{A. u. A. 98});—בֵּית ר׳ Melachim Beis 5:18, בֵּית רִמֹּן v Melachim Beis 5:18^(×2); Ρεμμαν[θ];—see also הֲדַדְרִמּוֹן p. 213, טַבְרִמּוֹן p. 372.

רִמּוֹן³

proper name (masc.) in Benj., Shmuel Beis 4:2, Shmuel Beis 4:5, Shmuel Beis 4:9; Ρεμμων.

רִמּוֹן⁴

proper name (place)

in סֶלַע הָרִמּוֹן cliff of R. Shoftim 20:45, Shoftim 20:47, ס׳ רִמּוֹן v Shoftim 20:47 Shoftim 21:13; Ρεμμων; = mod. cliff Rammôn, E. from Bethel, BuhlG ¹⁰⁰, compare G.F. Moore Shoftim 20:45.

in S. Judah, עַיִן וְר׳ Yehoshua 15:32; עַיִן ר׳ Yehoshua 19:7 (both P), Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:32; = ר׳ Zecharia 14:10; Ρεμμων[θ], etc.; see iii. עַיִן 2, p. 745, and עֵין רִמּוֹן.

in Zebulun Yehoshua 19:13 (Ρεμμωνα(μ)), = רִמּוֹנוֹ Divrei HaYamim Alef 6:62 (Ρεμμων); + Yehoshua 21:35 (read רִמֹּנָה for דִּמְנָה, Dillmann Benn Steuern); mod. Rummâne, c. 6 miles E. of N. from Nazareth (Buhl^{G 221}).

רִמּוֹנוֹ

Divrei HaYamim Alef 6:62 see iv. רִמּוֹן 3.

רֹ֫מַח

n.[m.] spear, lance (etym. unknown; Aramaic רוּמְחָא, ܪܽܘܡܚܳܐ; Arabic رُمْحٌ; Ethiopic ረምሕ: );—often + חֶרֶב, צִנָּה, מָגֵן, קֶשֶׁת, etc.;—absolute ר׳ Shoftim 5:8; Bamidbar 25:7, Yechezkel 39:9; Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:9, Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:25 (van d. H. v Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:8, Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:24), Divrei HaYamim Beis 14:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:5; plural רְמָחִים Melachim Alef 18:28; Yirmiya 46:4; Yoel 4:10; Nechemia 4:10, Nechemia 4:15; Divrei HaYamim Beis 11:12; Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:14; with suffix רָמְחֵיהֶם Nechemia 4:7.

רַמְיָה²

i, ii. רְמִיָּה see II, III. רמה.

רְמַלְיָ֫הוּ

proper name (masc.) father of Peḳaḥ, king of Israel, בֶּן־ר׳ Melachim Beis 15:25, Melachim Beis 15:27, Melachim Beis 15:30, Melachim Beis 15:32, Melachim Beis 15:37; Melachim Beis 16:1, Melachim Beis 16:5; Yeshaya 7:1; Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:6; contempt. (פֶּקַח om.) Yeshaya 7:4, Yeshaya 7:5, Yeshaya 7:9; Yeshaya 8:6; υἱὸς Ῥομελίου.

רִמָּה²

noun (fem.) worm (cause and sign of decay);—absolute ר׳ Shemos 16:24, Yeshaya 14:11 (‖ תּוֹלֵעָה), Iyov 7:5; Iyov 17:14; Iyov 21:26; Iyov 24:20 all indic. corruption, feeding on dead, etc.; hyperb. of insignificant man Iyov 25:6 (‖ תּוֹלֵעָה).

רָמַם

verb denom. be wormy;—

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular (with a direct object result, Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 121 d N) וַיָּ֫רֻם תּוֹלָעִים Shemos 16:20 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 67 n; + וַיִּבְאַשׁ).

רָמַס

verb trample (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; J.Aram רְמַס; compare perhaps Syriac ܪܦܰܣ, Arabic رَفَسَ kick (Barth^{ES 33} Konig^{ii. 196}); رَمَسَ is bury, and conceal grave);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular consec. וְר׳ Micha 5:7; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְמֹם Yechezkel 26:11 Tehillim 7:6, יִרְמָס־ Yeshaya 41:25, with suffix וַיִּרְמְסֶנָּה Melachim Beis 9:33, etc.; imperative (ציווי) fs. רִמְסִי Nachum 3:14; infinitive (מקור) construct רְמֹס Yeshaya 1:12; participle (בינוני) רֹמֵס Yeshaya 16:4;—trample, of men, with a direct object חֲצֵרָ֑י Yeshaya 1:12, חוּצוֹת Yechezkel 26:11 (by horses’ hoofs), טִיט Yeshaya 41:25 (in simile), compare ר׳ בַחֹמֶר Nachum 3:14, direct object מִרְעֶה Yechezkel 34:18 (in figuratively); trample down, direct object person, anim., vel rei, Melachim Beis 7:17, Melachim Beis 7:20, so (by horses’ hoofs) Melachim Beis 9:33, יִר׳ לָאָרֶץ חַיָּי֑ Tehillim 7:6; Tehillim 91:13 (‖ תִּדְרֹךְ); subj. י׳ Yeshaya 63:3 (figuratively; + דָּֽרַךְ), subj. רֶגֶל Yeshaya 26:6; subj. beast Melachim Beis 14:9 (allegory) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:18; Daniel 8:7 (vision), of horn, v Daniel 8:10; absolute of lion, וְר׳ וְטָרַף Micha 5:7 (simile); pt. as noun coll. tramplers (that is devastators) Yeshaya 16:4.

be trampled, future (עתיד) 3rd feminine plural בְּרַגְלַיִם תֵּרָמַ֑סְנָה Yeshaya 28:3 (on subj. compare Dillmann Duhm Cheyne^Haupt Konig^{i. 183}).

רָמַשׂ

verb creep, move lightly, move about (chiefly P) (Arabic رَمَشَ touch gently (Kam Freytag); Mishnaic Hebrew רְמָשִׂים creeping things (rare));—

future (עתיד) 3rd feminine singular תִּרְמֹשׂ Breishis 9:2 + 2 times; participle (בינוני) רֹמֵשׂ Breishis 1:26 +; fs. רֹמֶ֫שֶׂת Vayikra 11:46 + 2 times;—

subj. ground, כֹּל אֲשֶׁר ת׳ הָאֲדָמָה all with which the ground creeps (teems), that is all creeping things, Vayikra 20:25, Breishis 9:2.

elsewhere subj. animal:

creep, עַל־הָאֲדָמָה Devarim 4:18; Breishis 7:8, עַל־הָאָרֶץ Vayikra 11:44, Breishis 1:30; הָרֶמֶשׂ הָרֹמֵשׂ עַל־הָאֲדָמָה Yechezkel 38:20, עַל־הָאָרֶין Breishis 1:26; Breishis 7:14; Breishis 8:17 (all P).

move lightly, glide about, of water animals, כָּל־נֶפֶשׁ (בַּמַּיִם) הַחַיָּה הָרֹמֶשֶׂת Vayikra 11:46, Breishis 1:21, compare ψ Tehillim 69:35.

in generally move about, of all land-animals, עַל־הָאָרֶין Breishis 1:28; Breishis 7:21; Breishis 8:19 (all P); specif. of wild beasts prowling at night Tehillim 104:20.

רֶ֫מֶשׂ

noun (masc.) ^{Yechezkel 38:20} coll. creeping things, moving things;—ר׳ absolute Melachim Alef 5:13 +, construct Hoshea 2:20 +;—

creeping things (disting. from בְּהֵמָה, חַיָּה, עוֹף, צִפּוֹר, דָּג) Hoshea 2:20; Melachim Alef 5:13; Yechezkel 8:10; Yechezkel 38:20; Breishis 1:24, Breishis 1:25, Breishis 1:26; Breishis 6:7, Breishis 6:20; Breishis 7:14, Breishis 7:23; Breishis 8:17, Breishis 8:19 (all P), Chavakuk 1:14 (in simile) Tehillim 148:10.

of sea animals, gliding things, Tehillim 104:25.

moving things, of all animals Breishis 9:3.—Cf. Driver^{Hast. DB Creeping Things}.

רֶמֶת

רֹן

i, ii. רִנָּה see רנן.

רָנַן

verb give a ringing cry (onomatop.? compare Arabic رَنَّ cry aloud, also twang (of bowstring); Mishnaic Hebrew Pi. murmur, complain, compare J.Aram (not Targum));—

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָרוּן (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 67 q) Mishlei 29:6 (but read perhaps יָרוּץ, Pinsk Toy, see רוּץ 2); 3rd feminine singular תָּרֹן Yeshaya 35:6; 3rd masculine plural יָרֹ֫נּוּ Yeshaya 24:14 +, וַיָּר׳ Vayikra 9:24; Vayikra 9:3 fpl. תָּדֹ֫נָּה Mishlei 1:20; Mishlei 8:3; imperative (ציווי) fs. רָנִּי Yeshaya 54:1 +, רֹ֫נִּי Yeshaya 12:6; mpl. רָנּוּ Yirmiya 31:7 +; infinitive (מקור) construct בְּרָן־ Iyov 38:7;—give a ringing cry:

in joy, exultation, ‖ צָהַל Yirmiya 31:7 (ר׳ שׂמְחָה), Yeshaya 12:6; Yeshaya 24:14 (‖ נָשָׂא קוֹל), Yeshaya 54:1 (+ פָּצַח רִנָּה); ‖ הֵרִיעַ Tzefania 3:14 (+ שׂמח, עלז), Yeshaya 44:23; Iyov 38:7; ‖ שָׂמַח Zecharia 2:14 Tehillim 35:27 Mishlei 29:6 (see above); ‖ גִּיל Yeshaya 49:13 (+ הֵרִים רִנָּה), ‖ צָוַח Yeshaya 42:11; opposite צָעַק (cry in distress) Yeshaya 65:14 (מִן of cause); Vayikra 9:24; Yeshaya 35:6 (subj. לָשׁוֹן).—Yeshaya 61:7 is corrupt; read perhaps וָרֹק and spitting, Klostermann Cheyne^Haupt.

in distress, Eicha 2:19.

cry aloud, in summons, exhortation (of wisdom) Mishlei 1:20 (‖ נָתַן קוֹל). Mishlei 8:3.

past (עבר) 3rd plural consec. וְרִנְּנוּ Yirmiya 31:12; Yirmiya 51:48; future (עתיד) 3rd feminine singular תְּרַנֵּן Tehillim 51:16, 3rd masculine plural יְרַנְּנוּ Tehillim 84:3 +, יְרַנֵּנ֑וּ Tehillim 5:12 +; 3rd feminine plural תְּרַנֵּ֫נָּה Tehillim 71:23 (van d. H. תְּרַנֵּנָה), etc.; imperative (ציווי) mpl. רַנְּנוּ Yeshaya 52:9 +; infinitive (מקור) absolute רַנֵּן Tehillim 132:16, construct the same Yeshaya 35:2;—give a ringing cry, in joy, exultation, especially in praise to י׳, Yirmiya 31:12; Yirmiya 51:48; Yeshaya 26:19; Yeshaya 35:2 (+ גִּילַת, see גִּילַה), Yeshaya 52:8 (‖ נָשָׂא קוֹל), v Yeshaya 52:9 (+ פָּצַח); elsewhere only ψψ: Tehillim 5:12 (‖ שָׂמַח, עָלַץ), Tehillim 67:5; Tehillim 90:14; Tehillim 95:5 (c. ב rei; all ‖ ש׳ alone); Tehillim 149:5 (‖ עָלַז); Tehillim 98:4 (‖ הֵרִיעַ; + פָּצַח, זִמֵּר), Tehillim 132:9; Tehillim 145:7, רַנֵּן יְרַנֵּנ֑וּ Tehillim 132:16; with a direct object of theme Tehillim 51:16; Tehillim 59:17 (‖ שִׁיר); בי׳ Tehillim 33:1; ב rei Tehillim 20:6; Tehillim 63:8; Tehillim 89:13; c. לי׳ Tehillim 95:1 (‖ הֵרִיעַ), אֶל־אֵל Tehillim 84:3, (מִ)לפני י׳ Tehillim 96:12 (‖ עָלַז) = Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:33 (‖ עָלַץ), Tehillim 98:8; subj. שְׂפָתַיִם Tehillim 71:23 (‖ זִמֵּר).

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular impers. לֹא יְרֻנָּן Yeshaya 16:10 no ringing cry shall be given (‖ יְרֹעָ֑ע).

future (עתיד) cause to ring out for joy, 1st singular לֵב אַלְמָנָה אַרְנִן Iyov 29:13; 2nd masculine singular מוֹצָאֵי בֹקֶר וָעֶרֶב תַּרְנִין Tehillim 65:9; imperative (ציווי) mpl. הַרְנִינוּ ring out a cry of Joy Tehillim 32:11 (‖ שׂמח, גיל), לי׳ Tehillim 81:2 (‖ הריע); with a direct object of theme, עַמּוֹ Devarim 32:43 (see Driver; compare Pi.).—Hithpō. Tehillim 78:65 see רון.

רְנָנָה

noun (fem.) the same;—ר׳ absolute, of joy Iyov 3:7 Tehillim 100:3 (‖ שִׂמְחָה); plural שִׂפְתֵי רְנָנוֹת Tehillim 63:6; exultation, singular construct רִמְנַת רְשָׁעִים Iyov 20:5 (‖ שִׂמְחָה).

רִנָּה

noun (fem.) ringing cry;—absolute ר׳ Yirmiya 7:16 +; with suffix רִנָּתִי Tehillim 17:1 +, רִנָּתָם Yirmiya 14:12 +;—ringing cry:

in entreaty, supplication, to י׳, Melachim Alef 8:28 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:19; Yirmiya 7:16; Yirmiya 11:14 Tehillim 17:1; Tehillim 61:2; Tehillim 88:3 (all + תְּפִלָּה), Tehillim 106:44; Tehillim 119:169; Tehillim 142:7; Yirmiya 14:12.

in proclamation Melachim Alef 22:36.

in joy, especially praise to י׳, + שִׂמְחָה Yeshaya 35:10; Yeshaya 51:11 (+ שָׂשׂוֹן); + תְּהִלָּה Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:22, + שָׂשׂוֹן Tehillim 105:43, + תּוֹדָה Tehillim 107:22, + עלץ Mishlei 11:10; ‖ שְׂהוֹק Tehillim 126:2; opposite בְּכִי, etc. Tehillim 30:6; Tehillim 126:6, compare v Tehillim 126:5; קוֹל ר׳ Yeshaya 48:20 Tehillim 42:5 (+ תּוֹדָה), Tehillim 47:2; Tehillim 118:15 (+ יְשׁוּעָה); פָּצַח ר׳ Yeshaya 14:7; Yeshaya 44:23; Yeshaya 49:13; Yeshaya 54:1; Yeshaya 55:12; of י׳’s joy over Zion Tzefania 3:17;—בָּאֳנִיּוֹת רִנָּתָם Yeshaya 43:14 in the ships of their ringing cry, in which they exulted, but doubtful; Hitzig Ewald בַּאֲנִיּוֹת (bring down) into mourning their ר׳; compare Kittel-Dillmann Duhm Cheyne^Haupt. Marti.

רִנָּה²

proper name (masc.) in Judah Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:20; Ανα, A Ραννων, SeptuagintL Ρεννα.

רְנָנִים

n.[m.] plural bird of piercing cries, that is ostrich, according to Vulgate Bo Dillmann and most, בְּנַף ר׳ Iyov 39:13, but read probably יְעֵנִים Hoffmann Budde Duhm (as Eicha 4:3 Keri), see [יָעֵן].

רֶ֫סֶן

noun (masc.) ^{Yeshaya 30:28}: 1. halter; 2. Jaw (?);—

absolute ר׳ Tehillim 32:9 restraining mouth of horse or ass (+ מֶתֶג); figuratively of שֵׁם י׳, ר׳ עַל־לְחָיֵי עַמִּים Yeshaya 30:28; ר׳ מִפָּנַי שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ Iyov 30:11, that is threw off restraint.

with suffix כֶּפֶל רִסְנוֹ Iyov 41:5 the double of his jaw, his double jaws (of croc.), si vera l.; connexion of meanings strange, ‖ פְּנֵי לְבוּשׁוֹ, whence GHB Wright Duhm conjunction סִרְיּנוֹ.

רֶ֫סֶן²

proper name (place) in Assyria, near Nineveh Breishis 10:12; Δασεμ (probably = rêš êni, head of spring; compare Delitzsch^{Pa 261} Cuneiform Inscriptions & the Old Testament Breishis 10:12).

רַע

see I. רעע. i. רֵעַ see רוע.

רֵעַ²

see II, III. רעה.

רָעֵב

verb be hungry (Mishnaic Hebrew the same Hiph. and deriv.; Assyrian rûbatu, hunger; Arabic رَغُبَ be roomy, voracious, رَغِبَ desire vehemently; Ethiopic ርኅበ be hungry);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ Yeshaya 9:19; Yeshaya 44:12; 3rd plural רָעֵ֑בוּ Tehillim 34:11; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְעַב Yeshaya 8:21, 1st plural נִרְעֵב Yirmiya 42:14, etc.;—be hungry Yeshaya 8:21 Breishis 41:55 (E; of land, = have famine), Yirmiya 42:14 (לַלֶּחֶם), Yeshaya 49:10 (‖ צמא), Yeshaya 65:13 (‖ the same; opposite אכל), Tehillim 50:12 if I should be hungry (of י׳), Mishlei 6:30; Mishlei 19:15.

: allow one to hunger, subj. י׳: future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיַּרְעִבֶ֑ךָ Devarim 8:3 (opposite וַיַּאֲכִֽלְךָ), יַרְעִיב נֶפֶשׁ Mishlei 10:3.

רָעָב

noun (masc.) Breishis 26:1 famine, hunger;—absolute ר׳ Breishis 12:10 +; with suffix רְעָבָם Nechemia 9:15;

famine (in land, nation or city), Breishis 12:10; Breishis 26:1; Breishis 41:30, Breishis 41:31 Shemos 16:3 Shmuel Beis 21:1; Shmuel Beis 24:13 = Melachim Beis 4:38; Melachim Beis 6:25 +; שְׁנֵי(הָ)ר׳ Breishis 41:27, Breishis 41:30, Breishis 41:36, שְׁנַת ר׳ v Breishis 41:50, but also שָׁנִים ר׳ [שָׁלוֹשׁ] שֶׁבַע Shmuel Beis 24:13 (on gender see Albr^{journal ZAW xvi (1896), 103}) = Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:12; c. חזק (be) severe Breishis 41:56, Breishis 41:57 Melachim Alef 18:2; Melachim Beis 25:3 = Yirmiya 52:6, חזק עַל Breishis 47:20; c. כָבֵד Breishis 12:10; Breishis 47:4, Breishis 47:13; גָּדוֹל Melachim Beis 6:25; זַעלעֲפוֹת ר׳ Eicha 5:10; מְזֵי ר׳ Devarim 32:24 + Yeshaya 5:13 (see [מָזֶה]), תַּחֲלוּאֵי ר׳ Yirmiya 14:18, חַלֲלֵי ר׳ Eicha 5:9, אֲסֻפֵי ר׳ Yechezkel 34:29; חִצֵּי הָר׳ Yechezkel 5:16; as scourge of י׳ (+ חֶרֶב, דֶּבֶ, etc.; especially Je Ez), Yirmiya 5:12; Yirmiya 11:22; Yirmiya 14:12; Yirmiya 21:7, Yirmiya 21:9 Yechezkel 5:2; Yechezkel 6:11, Yechezkel 6:12 +, etc.; figuratively of lack of י׳’s word Amos 8:11.

hunger, of individual Yirmiya 38:9 Devarim 28:48 (+ צָסָא, etc.), Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:11 (+ the same).

רָעֵב²

adjective hungry;—absolute ר׳ Shmuel Beis 17:29 +; fs. רְעֵבָה Tehillim 107:9 Mishlei 27:7; mpl. רְעֵבִים Shmuel Alef 2:5 +;—hungry (sometimes + עָמֵא, עָיֵף), Shmuel Beis 17:29 Melachim Beis 7:12 Yeshaya 8:21 Mishlei 25:21 Tehillim 107:5; נֶפֶשׁ רְעֵבָה v Tehillim 107:9 Mishlei 27:7; as noun singular a hungry man Yeshaya 29:8; Yeshaya 32:6; Yeshaya 58:7, Yeshaya 58:10 Yechezkel 18:7, Yechezkel 18:16 Iyov 5:5 (Bev^{JPhil. xxvi. 304} proposes רָעָב, compare Yechezkel 7:15) Yechezkel 22:7, plural Shmuel Alef 2:5 (opposite שְׂבֵעִים בַּלֶּהֶם), Iyov 24:10 (‖ עָרוֹם), Tehillim 107:36; Tehillim 146:7; יְהִי־רָעֵב אֹנוֹ Iyov 18:12 (figuratively) his strength grows hungry, that is fails (Vulgate Ewald Dillmann and elsewhere); Peshitta De Budde Duhm (reading אָוֶן) and elsewhere his trouble grows hungry (that is ravenous for him), but ר׳ never elsewhere in this sense.

רְעָבוֹן

n.[m.] hunger, lack of food, famine;—construct רַעֲבוֹן בָּֽתֵּיכֶם Breishis 42:19, Breishis 42:33; absolute בִּימֵי רְעָבוֹן Tehillim 37:19.

רַ֫עַד

noun (masc.) trembling;—יִרְאָה וָר׳ יָבֹא בִי Tehillim 55:6; יֹאחֲזֵמוֹ רָ֑עַד Shemos 15:15.

רְעָדָה

noun (fem.) the same; subj. of אָֽחֲזָה Yeshaya 33:14 Tehillim 48:7; ‖ יִרְאָה Tehillim 2:11; ‖ פַּחַד Iyov 4:14.

רָעָה

verb pasture, tend, graze (Assyrian rêʾû verb pasture, n. ruler, TelAm. ruh̬i (as Canaanism) Winckler^{Noldeke. 181, 11}; Arabic رَدَى, Ethiopic ርዕየ Aramaic רְעָא, ܪܥܳܐ, all = Biblical Hebrew);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular consec. וְרָעָה Micha 5:3 +, 1st singular with suffix consec. וּרְעִיתִים Yechezkel 34:13, 3rd plural with suffix consec. וְרָעוּם Yirmiya 23:4, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְעֶה Yeshaya 27:10 +, juss. יֵרַע Iyov 20:26, with suffix יִעֶנָּה Tehillim 80:14, וַיִּרְעֵם Tehillim 78:72 (וַיִּר׳ Hiph. van d. H.), etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. רְעֵה Micha 7:14 +, with suffix רְעֵם Tehillim 28:9; fs. רְעִי Shir HaShirim 1:8; mpl. רְעוּ Breishis 29:7; infinitive (מקור) construct לִרְעוֹת Breishis 37:12 +, etc.; participle (בינוני) רֹעֶה Breishis 30:36 +, with suffix רֹעִי Tehillim 23:1 +; fs. רֹעָה Breishis 29:9 Mishlei 25:19, etc.;—

trans.

pasture, tend (pascere), literally, with a direct object צֹאן Breishis 30:31, Breishis 30:36; Breishis 37:12 (all J), Shemos 3:1, Shmuel Alef 17:15; Shmuel Alef 25:16 Yeshaya 61:5, direct object of asses Breishis 36:24, kids Shir HaShirim 1:8; direct object (צפּאן) om. Breishis 29:7; Breishis 37:13 (ב location) v Breishis 37:16 (all J), Shir HaShirim 1:7 (‖ חִרְבִּיץ), Iyov 24:2 (Septuagint Me Siegf Budde וְרֹעוֹ);—metaphorically גֹּרֶן וָיֶקֶב לֹא יִרְעֵם Hoshea 9:2, but read יֵדָעֵם Septuagint Wellhausen Nowack G.A. Smith; מָוֶת יִרְעֵם Tehillim 49:15.

figuratively of י׳, direct object person, Breishis 48:15 God, who shepherded me; with a direct object of people, as flock Hoshea 4:16 Yeshaya 40:11 Micha 7:14 (בְּשִׁבְטֶ֑ן), Yechezkel 34:13 (pregn., c. אֶל location), v Yechezkel 34:14, Yechezkel 34:15 (+ הִרְבִּיץ), v Yechezkel 34:16 Tehillim 28:9.

figuratively of ruler, and teacher, direct object of people, as flock, Shmuel Beis 5:2 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:2; Shmuel Beis 7:7 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:6, Tehillim 78:72 Yirmiya 3:15; Yirmiya 23:2, Yirmiya 23:4; Yechezkel 34:2, Yechezkel 34:3, Yechezkel 34:8, Yechezkel 34:10, Yechezkel 34:23^(×2); Zecharia 11:4, Zecharia 11:7^(×2), Zecharia 11:9; of guiding, שִׂפְתֵי צַדִּיק יִרְעוּ רַבִּים Mishlei 10:21; c. ב of people Tehillim 78:71; absolute Micha 5:3; with a direct object person reflex. pastured (fed, enriched) themselves Yechezkel 34:2, Yechezkel 34:8, Yechezkel 34:10

especially pt. רֹעֶח, etc., as noun = shepherd, herdsman: (1) literally, רֹעֵה צֹאן Breishis 4:2; Breishis 46:32, Breishis 46:34; Breishis 47:3 (all J), רֹעֶח בַּצּ׳ Breishis 37:2, Shmuel Alef 16:11; Shmuel Alef 17:34; רֹעֵי מִקְנֶה Breishis 13:7^(×2); (ה)ר׳ alone, singular Amos 3:12 + 7 times (all in simile); רֹעָה shepherdess, Breishis 29:9; כִּלִי רֹעֶה אֱוִילִי Zecharia 11:15 (see כְּלִי 2 c), as symbol; plural (הָ)רֹעִים Amos 1:2; Shemos 2:17, Shemos 2:19, Shmuel Alef 21:8 (אַבִּיר הָר׳; Gratz Driver Budde Kittel Löhr א׳ הָרָצִים; Septuagint Lagarde^{BN 45} H.P. Smith אֹבִּיל הָעֲיָרִים, but compare Wellhausen) + 8 times + Yeshaya 31:4 (simile), Yeshaya 38:12 (read רֹעִים for רֹעִי Perles²⁹ Duhm Cheyne^Haupt compare Dillmann), compare (with suffix) Breishis 13:8^(×2); כְּלִי הָרֹעִים Shmuel Alef 17:40 (see כְּלִי 3);—בֵּית־עֵקֶד הָרֹעִים, see p. 112. (2) figuratively of ruler (as often Assyrian; compare Gk. (Homer) ποιμένα λαῶν), absolute singular Yirmiya 17:16 figuratively of prophet (but Aq Symm Peshitta Giesebrecht Duhm Co מֵרָעָה). Zecharia 10:2; Zecharia 11:16; Zecharia 13:7 + 8 times Je Ez; with suffix of י׳, דֹעִי Yeshaya 44:28 (of Cyrus), Zecharia 13:7 (read רֹעִי הָאֱוִילִי Wellhausen Nowack G.A. Smith); absolute plural Yeshaya 56:11; Yirmiya 2:8; Yirmiya 3:15; Micha 5:4 Zecharia 10:3; Zecharia 11:5, Zecharia 11:8 + 18 times Je Yechezkel 34, + (of Assyrian leaders) Nachum 3:18; רֹעֵי יִשׂ׳ Yechezkel 34:2; רֹעֵי צֹאנוֹ Yeshaya 63:11 (but read רֹעֵה [of Moses] Septuagint Targum Dillmann Duhm and elsewhere). (3) epith. of י׳: י׳ רֹעִי Tehillim 23:1, רֹעֵה יִשׂ׳ Tehillim 80:2, רֹעֶה אֶבֶן יִשׂ׳, Breishis 49:24 (poem in J; read construct רֹעֵה, compare commentaries); מֵרֹעֶה אֶחָד Koheles 12:11 DeWild, < president of assembly of sages Siegf Siegfried-Stade

intrans. feed, graze:

literally of cows, sheep, etc.: c. ב location Breishis 41:2, Breishis 41:18, Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:29; with a direct object of pasture Yeshaya 30:23; c. עַל location Tzefania 2:7 (עֲלֵי הַיָּם for Masoretic Text עֲלֵיהֶם, see Nowack); אֶל־מוּל location Shemos 34:3; absolute Yeshaya 5:17; Yeshaya 11:7 (‖ רבץ; but see II. רעה below) Yeshaya 27:10 (‖ the same), Yeshaya 65:25 Yonah 3:7; Iyov 1:14.

figuratively of idolater, Yeshaya 44:20 he feedeth on ashes (direct object); compare Hoshea 12:2 Ephr. feedeth on wind (direct object); פִּי כְסִילִים יִר׳ אִוֶּלֶת Mishlei 15:14 (so old versions Keri; Kesiv פני for פי) the mouth of fools feeds on folly (Toy; Buhl √ II. רעה, Gerber ¹⁶² under III. רעה); in Ct, c. ב location, figuratively of lover Shir HaShirim 2:16; Shir HaShirim 6:2, Shir HaShirim 6:3; of breasts (like gazelles) Shir HaShirim 4:5.

figuratively, of Isr. as flock Yeshaya 14:30 (‖ רבץ), read (י—ַ)בְּכָרִי in my pasture(s), for Masoretic Text בְּכוֹרֵי, Koppe Ewald Dillmann Duhm (otherwise Cheyne^Haupt., compare Marti); Tzefania 3:13 (‖ the same); c. עַל־דְּרָכִים Yeshaya 49:9; with a direct object of pasture-land Yirmiya 50:19; Micha 7:14; Yechezkel 34:14 (+ אֶל location), v Yechezkel 34:18, Yechezkel 34:19; hence crop, strip, that is devastate, of conqueror, with a direct object of land Micha 5:5, compare אֶת־יָדוֹ Yirmiya 6:3; so יִרְעוּךְ קָדְקֹד Yirmiya 2:16; direct object of Isr. under figuratively of vine (subj. foes, as beasts) Tehillim 80:14.

subj. wind, with a direct object person Yirmiya 22:22, that is drive them away; subj. fire, with a direct object rei, יֵרַע Iyov 20:26, but read perhaps יֵרָע, Niph. (Olshausen Dillmann Hoffmann Siegf Budde; otherwise Duhm).—רֹעֶה עֲקָרָה Iyov 24:21 is difficult; Budde הֵרַע for ר׳; more radical conjunction in Duhm.

poss. Iyov 20:26, see 2 d above

Tehillim 78:72 van d. H., see 1 c above

רְעִי

n.[m.] pasture;—עֶשְׂרִים בָּקָר ר׳ Melachim Alef 5:3 twenty cattle (from) pasture (see Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 131 c; Kittel בְּקַר).

רָעָה²

verb probably associate with (compare Schulthess^{69 ff.} but also Noldeke^{ZMG liv (1900), 154 f.}; Assyrian ruʾa, ruttu, neighbour, fellow (m. et f.; compare Jäger^{BAS i.483, 486}); so Bed. أُرْعُوَّةٌ master, owner, Wallin^{ZMG v (1851), 9} Jayakar^{JA xxi. 851}; Ethiopic መርዓ: marriage; Arabic رَاعِى, راعيها, Ethiopic አርዑት: yoke; Mishnaic Hebrew רֵעוּת friendship is from Biblical Hebrew רֵעַ);—

imperative (ציווי) ms. וּרְעֵה אֱמוּנָה Tehillim 37:3 cherish faithfulness (Hupfeld-Nowack Revised Version Cheyne Duhm Driver); > feed securely (Baethgen; i. רעה; feed on (his) faithfulness Am Revised Version); participle (בינוני) רֹעֶה כְסִילִים Mishlei 13:20 one associating with fools, so ר׳ זֹלְלִים Mishlei 28:7, ר׳ זוֹנוֹת Mishlei 29:3 (Gesenius' Thesaurus and elsewhere think these figuratively from I. רעה, see 2 b).

2nd masculine singular אַל־תִּתְרַע אֶת־בַּעַל אָ֑ף Mishlei 22:24 do not make companionship with a bad-tempered man; perhaps also 3rd feminine plural תִּתְרָעֶינָה Yeshaya 11:7 (Lagarde^{Or i. 21; Deceased Wife’s Sister 399} Brd Duhm Cheyne^Haupt) cow and bear shall be each other’s companions; + infinitive (מקור) construct הִתְרָעֹת Mishlei 18:24 (Toy, for Masoretic Text הִתְרֹעֵעַ) there are [יֵשׁ for אִישׁ] friends (merely) to be companions (see II. רעע ad fin.).

רֵעֶה

noun (masc.) friend (compare Stade's Hebrew Grammar § 184 Lagarde^{BN 156} Barth^{§ 12 a});—construct in term. techn. רֵעֶה הַמֶּלֶךְ (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 93 ll Konig^{ii. l, 78 f.}) Melachim Alef 4:5 (= רֵעַ Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:33), compare רֵעֶה דָּיִד Shmuel Beis 15:37; Shmuel Beis 16:16; ins. also Shmuel Beis 15:32 (compare v Shmuel Beis 15:37) Septuagint Wellhausen Driver and elsewhere; in simple sense Mishlei 27:10 Kesiv (Keri רֵעַ; compare Konig^l.c.).

רָעָה³

verb denom.

be a special friend;—past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular מֵרֵעֵהוּ אֲשֶׁר רֵעָה לוֹ Shoftim 14:20 his comrade who had been ‘best man’ (G.F. Moore) to him.

רוּת²

proper namef. Ruth (for רְעוּת, that is friendship, Syriac ܪܥܽܘܬ, Gesenius' Thesaurus Lagarde^{BN 84, 156; Or. ii. 41} Konig ^{ii. 1, 481});—Moabitess, ancestress of David, Rus 1:4, Rus 1:14, Rus 1:16, Rus 1:22; Rus 2:2, Rus 2:8, Rus 2:21, Rus 2:22; Rus 3:9; Rus 4:5, Rus 4:10, Rus 4:13; Ρουθ.

רְעוּ

proper name (masc.) (proposes name of a god, Duval ^{ZA vi. 126} Mez^{Ḥarrân 23}, compare Hom ^{A. u. A ii. 208});—son of Peleg: Breishis 11:18, Breishis 11:19, Breishis 11:20, Breishis 11:21, Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:25; Ραγαυ.

רְעוּאֵל

proper name (masc.) Ραγουηλ:

Moses’ father-in-law Shemos 2:18 (J; SeptuagintL Ιοθορ), Bamidbar 10:29; elsewhere יִתְרוֹ q.see

Edomite Breishis 36:4, Breishis 36:10, Breishis 36:13, Breishis 36:17^(×2), ‖ Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:35, Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:37.

Gadite Bamidbar 2:14, see דְּעוּאל p. 396.

Benjamite Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:8.

רֵעַ⁴

n. [m.] purpose, aim;—with suffix רֵעִי Tehillim 139:2 (of man), plural with suffix רֵעֶיךָ v Tehillim 139:17 (of E†l).

רַעְיוֹן

n. [m.] the same;—construct, רַעְיוֹן רוּחַ Koheles 1:17, הֶבֶל וְר׳ רוּחַ Koheles 4:16 (compare foregoing), בְּכָל־עֲמָלוֹ וּבְר׳ לִבּוֹ Koheles 2:22.

רַ֫עַל

n.[m.] reeling;—only סַף־ר׳ Zecharia 12:2 goblet of reeling (figuratively of Jerusalem).

רְעֵלָיָה

proper name (masc.) companion of Zerub., Ezra 2:2 (Ρεελεια, SeptuagintL Δεμίου), = רַעַמְיָה Nechemia 7:7 (Νααμια, א Δαεμια, SeptuagintL Δαιμίας, A Ρεελμα).

רַ֫עַם

n.[m.] thunder;—ascribed to י׳: ר׳ absolute Yeshaya 29:6, בְּסֵתֶר רַ֑עַם Tehillim 81:8 (Baer Gi; i. e. thunder-cloud); with suffix קוֹל רַעַמְךָ Tehillim 77:19; Tehillim 104:7; construct רַעַם גבורתו Iyov 26:14 (figuratively of י׳’s display of might; opposite שֵׁמֶץ); figuratively of captins, ר׳ שָׂרִים Iyov 39:25, that is thunderous shouting (+ תְּרוּעָה).

רָעַם

verbdenom. thunder;—

make the sound of thunder, thunder: future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְעַם let the sea thunder (in praise, ‖ שׂמח, גיל, עלז, הריע, מחא כף, רנן) Tehillim 96:11 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:32, Tehillim 98:7.—past (עבר) 3rd plural רָֽעֲמוּ פָּנִים Yechezkel 27:35 is doubtful: faces tremble (Toy are convulsed), or they tremble (compare Hitzig-Smend Krae; Authorized Version Revised Version are troubled) in face, lacks etym. support (otherwise Gerber⁴⁷, but see √ above); Septuagint Peshitta Co דָּֽמְעוּ פְּנֵיהֶם.

(Gerber⁴⁷) thunder, cause thunder;—past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הִרְעִים Tehillim 29:3; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יַרְעֵם (on—ֵ see Konig^{i, 210}) Tehillim 18:14 +; וַיַּרְעֵם Shmuel Alef 7:10; 2nd masculine singular תַּרְעֵם Iyov 40:9; Shmuel Alef 1:6 see below;—thunder, of י׳ (God) Shmuel Alef 2:10; Shmuel Alef 7:10 (both c. עַל person against whom), Tehillim 18:14 = Shmuel Beis 22:14, Tehillim 29:3 Iyov 37:4, Iyov 37:5, compare Iyov 40:9.—הְרְּעִמָהּ Shmuel Alef 1:6 is appar. infinitive (מקור) construct with suffix (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § ^{20 h; 22 s}), but not understood by Septuagint and doubtful: Authorized Version Revised Version to make her fret, compare Aramaic utter (loud) complaints (Weir in Driver^{Smend 291}); perhaps corrupt H.P. Smith.

רַעְמָא

see ii. רַעְמָה.

רַעְמָה

(Gi^{Intr. 127 f.}) noun (fem.) vibration? quivering mane? of horse’s neck: Iyov 39:19 hast thou clothed his neck (with) ר׳? so most, but very uncertain.

רַעְמָה²

(Gi^{Intr. 124 ff.}) proper name (masc.) ‘son’ of Cush, ה—ָ Breishis 10:7^(×2) = א—ָ Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:9^(×2) (Baer, see his note; van d. H. Gi ה—ָ v b); Ρεγχμα, Ρεγμα; ה—ָ as trading people Yechezkel 27:22, Ραμα, Ραγμα. Identified by many with city Ῥεγ(α)μα (Ptol ^{vi. 7, 14}), ῾Ρηγμα (Steph. Byz.), in SE. Arabia, on Pers. Gulf (so even D.H. Müller^{ZMG xxx (1876), 122} Glas^{Skizze ii. 251, 325}), but this is رجمة in inscr. (Glas^{ib. 252}); < Sab. רעֿמה near Meʿîn in SW. Arabia (Hom^{Südar. Chrest. 131} Hal ^{535, 11}, compare D.H. Müller^l.c.); perhaps = Ῥαμμανῖται of Strabo ^{xvi. 4. 24}, see Dillmann Breishis 10:7.

רַעַמְיָה

(? thunder of י׳) Nechemia 7:7 see רְעֵלָיָה.

רָעַן

verb only Paʿlel. be or grow luxuriant, fresh, green;—past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular רַעֲנָ֑נָה (De ^Hiob) Iyov 15:32 (of branch, in figuratively).

רַעֲנָן

adjective luxuriant, fresh;—m. ר׳ Devarim 12:2 +; f. רַעֲנָנָה Shir HaShirim 1:16; mpl. רַעֲנַנִּים Tehillim 92:15;—luxuriant, of trees: בְּרוֹשׁ Hoshea 14:9, זַיִת Tehillim 52:10 (both simile), Yirmiya 11:16 (figuratively); simile also, כְּאֶזְרָה ר׳ Tehillim 37:35 (but read כְּאֶרֶז הַלְּבָנוֹן Septuagint and most); especially in phrase תַּחַת כָּל־עֵץ ר׳ place of idolatrous rites, Devarim 12:2; Melachim Alef 14:23; Melachim Beis 16:4 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:4; Melachim Beis 17:10; Yirmiya 2:20; Yirmiya 3:6, Yirmiya 3:13; Yeshaya 57:5; Yechezkel 6:13; עַל־עֵץ ר׳ Yirmiya 17:2 (si vera l.); leaf v Yirmiya 17:8 (figuratively); leafy couch Shir HaShirim 1:16; fresh, oil Tehillim 92:11; fresh, flourishing, person (figuratively, as trees) v Tehillim 92:15 (+ דְּשֵׁנִים).

רֹעַ

n.[m.] badness, evil;—ר׳ absolute Breishis 41:19 + 4 times Je; construct Hoshea 9:15 + 13 times;—

badness, bad quality, of cattle Breishis 41:19, figs Yirmiya 24:2, Yirmiya 24:3, Yirmiya 24:8; Yirmiya 29:17.

wilfulness, רֹעַ לבב Shmuel Alef 17:28 (Gerber¹⁶¹ makes 2 and 4 [inf. of] verb).

ethical, evil, badness, only in phr.: רֹעַ מעללים evil of doings Devarim 28:20; Yeshaya 1:16; Yirmiya 4:4; Yirmiya 21:12; Yirmiya 23:2, Yirmiya 23:22; Yirmiya 25:5; Yirmiya 26:3; Yirmiya 44:22; Hoshea 9:15 Tehillim 28:4 (compare רַע מעללים Shmuel Alef 25:3).

sadness, ר׳ פָּנִים Koheles 7:3, ר׳ לֵב Nechemia 2:2 (compare [רַעַע] 2).

רַע²

I. רַע₂₂₆ adjective bad, evil (distinction from n., and verb past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular, is sometimes not easy, and opinions differ);—ms. רַע Breishis 6:5 +; רָ֑ע Breishis 31:24 +; plural רָעִים Breishis 13:13 +; construct רָעֵי Yechezkel 7:24 (del. Co); fs. רָעָה Breishis 37:2 + 37 times (this form usually noun), plural רָעוֹת Breishis 28:8 + 14 times; רָעֹת Breishis 41:27 (18 times noun);—

bad, disagreeable, malignant: of a woman, רָעָה בְּעֵינֵי Shemos 21:8 (E; perhaps, with changed accent, verb 3rd feminine singular רָ֫עָה) disagreeable, unpleasing in the eyes of, plural Breishis 28:8; of poisionous herb Melachim Beis 4:41, malignant boils Devarim 28:35; Iyov 2:7, diseases Devarim 7:15; Devarim 28:59; Divrei HaYamim Beis 21:19 Koheles 6:2, deadly sword Tehillim 144:10, arrows Yechezkel 5:16, severe judgments Yechezkel 14:21, wonders Devarim 6:22; מַלְאֲכֵי רָעִים Tehillim 78:49 = fierce messengers (of God; Ewald's Hebrew Grammar § 287 a Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 130 e), wild beasts Breishis 37:20, Breishis 37:33 Vayikra 26:6 Yechezkel 5:17; Yechezkel 14:15, Yechezkel 14:21; Yechezkel 34:25; unclean thing Devarim 23:10.

bad, unpleasant, giving pain, unhappiness, misery: ימים רעים evil days (of trial and hardship) Breishis 47:9 Mishlei 15:15; עִנְיָן רע Koheles 1:13; Koheles 5:13; עִנְיַן Koheles 4:8, compare Koheles 2:17; Koheles 9:3; הַמַּעֲשֶׂה הָרָע Koheles 4:3; הדבר הרע evil report Shemos 33:4, so דִּבָּה רָעָה Breishis 37:2 Bamidbar 14:37, שׁם רע Devarim 22:14, Devarim 22:19; Nechemia 6:13, שְׁמוּעָה רָעָה Yirmiya 49:23 Tehillim 112:7; of things: painful discipline Mishlei 15:10, evil occurrence Melachim Alef 5:18, evil(-bringing) net Koheles 9:12, instruments Yeshaya 32:7: כל הדבר הרע Yehoshua 23:15 all evil (injurious) things; רַע it is bad, harmful Yeshaya 3:11; Yirmiya 2:19; of speech, דבּר, רע או טוב Breishis 24:50 in prov., speak bad or good = anything at all, טטוב עד רע Breishis 31:24, Breishis 31:29, לְמֵרָע ועד טוב Shmuel Beis 13:22, of the divine spirit as producing an ecstatic state of frenzy and violence Shmuel Alef 16:14, Shmuel Alef 16:15, Shmuel Alef 16:16, Shmuel Alef 16:23; Shmuel Alef 18:10; Shmuel Alef 19:9 (see רוּחַ 9).

evil, displeasing עָשָׂה רָ֔ע בְּעֵינֵי סַרְנֵי פְלִשְׁתִּים Shmuel Alef 29:7.

bad of its kind, land Bamidbar 13:19, place Bamidbar 20:5, waters Melachim Beis 2:19, figs Yirmiya 24:2, Yirmiya 24:3^(×2), Yirmiya 24:8, kine Breishis 41:3, Breishis 41:4, Breishis 41:19, Breishis 41:20, Breishis 41:21, Breishis 41:27, מוּם רע Devarim 15:21, compare Devarim 17:1.

bad, i. e. of low value Vayikra 27:10^(×2), Vayikra 27:12, Vayikra 27:14, Vayikra 27:33, compare Malachi 1:8^(×2); רַע רַע יֹאמַר הַקּוֹנֶה Mishlei 20:14^(×2).

+ מִן comp., worse than, Shmuel Beis 19:8; as superl., רָעֵי גוֹיִם Yechezkel 7:24 worst of nations (del. Co).

sad, unhappy: לֶב־רָ֑ע sad heart (compare opposite טוב, יטב) Mishlei 25:20; of face Breishis 40:7 Nechemia 2:2; רע לְפָנָין v Nechemia 2:1.

הָשַׁב מַחֲשֶׁבֶת(ה)רָעָה devise evil (hurtful) device Yechezkel 38:10; Esther 9:25.

bad, unkind, vicious in disposition or temper: וְלֵב־רָ֑ע when the mind is vicious, harmful Mishlei 26:23; רַע עָ֑יִן one evil of eye Mishlei 23:6; Mishlei 28:22; רוּחַ רָעָה Shoftim 9:23 bad temper.

ethically bad, evil, wicked:

in generally, אם טוב ואם רע Koheles 12:14 whether good or bad.

of persons, אישׁ רע Shmuel Alef 30:22; אדם רע Tehillim 140:2; המן הרע הזה Esther 7:6 this wicked Haman, so רָ֑ע = evil man Tehillim 10:15, Iyov 21:30; Mishlei 11:21; Mishlei 12:13; Mishlei 24:20, רָעִים = evil men Breishis 13:13 Yirmiya 6:29; Yirmiya 15:21; Yechezkel 30:12 Iyov 35:12; Mishlei 4:14; Mishlei 12:12; Mishlei 14:19; Mishlei 15:3; רָעוֹת evil women Yirmiya 2:33; שׁכנים רעים Yirmiya 12:14 evil neighbours; of הַדּוֹר Devarim 1:35, הָעָם Yirmiya 13:10; הָעֵדָה Bamidbar 14:27, Bamidbar 14:35, המשׁפחה Yirmiya 8:3; רַע כְּעֵינֵי י׳ wicked in the eyes of י׳ Breishis 38:7 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:3; עָשָׂה הָרָע בְּעֵינֵי י׳ Bamidbar 32:13 Devarim 4:25; Devarim 9:18; Devarim 17:2; Devarim 31:29; Shoftim 2:11 + 48 times, + (c. with suffix of God) Melachim Beis 21:15 Yeshaya 65:12; Yeshaya 66:4; Yirmiya 7:30; Yirmiya 32:30 Tehillim 51:6; Shmuel Beis 12:9, probably also Yirmiya 18:10 (read הָרָע for הָרָעָה).

of thoughts, יֵצֶר Breishis 6:5; Breishis 8:21, הַלֵּב הָרָע Yirmiya 3:17; Yirmiya 7:24; Yirmiya 11:8; Yirmiya 16:12; Yirmiya 18:12; words, רעות Mishlei 15:28.

deeds, actions, עשׂה (כ)דבר הרע Devarim 13:12; Devarim 17:5; Devarim 19:20; Nechemia 13:17; עשׂה הרעות Yirmiya 3:5; דבר רע Tehillim 64:6; Tehillim 141:4 Koheles 8:3, Koheles 8:5; דברים Shmuel Alef 2:23; Melachim Beis 17:11; דֶּרֶךְ Melachim Alef 13:33; Yirmiya 18:11; Yirmiya 23:22 + 11 times; דרכים Melachim Beis 17:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:14; Yechezkel 20:44; Yechezkel 33:11; Yechezkel 36:31; Zecharia 1:4; מעשׂינוּ Ezra 9:13; מעללים Zecharia 1:4 Nechemia 9:35 (compare רֹעַ 4); בֶּצַע רע Chavakuk 2:9; מרוצתם Yirmiya 23:10; (ה)תועבות (ה)רעות Yechezkel 6:11; Yechezkel 8:9 (del. Co); כִּי רָעוֹת בִּמְגוּרָם Tehillim 55:16 for evil deeds are in their dwelling.

רַע³

noun (masc.) Iyov 30:26 evil, distress, misery, injury, calamity;—absolute רַע Bamidbar 11:1 +, בְּרָע Shemos 5:19 +, רָ֑ע Breishis 48:16 +;—

evil, distress, adversity: יָרֵא רַע fear evil Tehillim 23:4 Tzefania 3:15; בּוֹרֵא רָ֑ע Yeshaya 45:7 (of God), הביא רע Yeshaya 31:2; מתאננים רַע Bamidbar 11:1 murmuring respecting distress (see Dillmann); אם טוב ואם רע Yirmiya 42:6 whether prosperity or adversity; יוֹם רע Amos 6:3 day of calamity; יְמֵי רע Tehillim 49:6; Tehillim 94:13; כי טוב קויתי ויבא רע Iyov 30:26; בְּרָע in adversity Shemos 5:19 Tehillim 10:6; יִפֹּל בְּרָ֑ע Mishlei 13:17; אֶרְאֶה בָרָ֑ע Breishis 44:34; בכל־רע Mishlei 5:14, מכל רע Breishis 48:16 Tehillim 121:7; see also Micha 1:12 Tehillim 140:12 Iyov 5:19; Iyov 31:29; Mishlei 12:21; Mishlei 19:23.

evil, injury, wrong: Chavakuk 2:9; Iyov 2:10; Mishlei 21:10; עשׂה רע, + עִם person Breishis 31:29; ל person Yirmiya 39:12; as object of חשּׁב Hoshea 7:15, חרשׁ Mishlei 6:14; Mishlei 12:20; Mishlei 14:22, השׁיב Tehillim 54:7, גמל Tehillim 7:5 Mishlei 31:12, בקּשׁ Mishlei 17:11, שׁלּם Mishlei 20:22, אמר Tehillim 41:6, דבּר Tehillim 109:20; דבּר בְּרָע Tehillim 73:8 speak about injury; לֹא יִתְנַכֵּא טוֹב כִּי אִם רָ֑ע Melachim Alef 22:8, Melachim Alef 22:18 = 2 Ch (Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:7 לְרָעָה), Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:17 לְרָ֑ע; לרע for harm, injury Yeshaya 59:7; Yirmiya 7:6; Yirmiya 25:7 Tehillim 56:6 Mishlei 1:16; Mishlei 21:12; Koheles 8:9; רַע יֵרוֹעַ Mishlei 11:15 (but read רֹעַ Gratz Siegfried-Stade, see Toy).

ethical evil, Devarim 30:15; Shmuel Beis 14:17; Yeshaya 5:20; Amos 5:14; Micha 7:3 + 10 times; עשׂה רע Melachim Beis 21:9; Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:14; Divrei HaYamim Beis 33:9; Nechemia 9:28 + 8 times; פֹּעֲלֵי רע Micha 2:1; אהב רע Micha 3:2 (Keri), Tehillim 52:5; שׂנא רע Amos 5:15 Tehillim 97:10 Mishlei 8:13; מאס רע Tehillim 36:5; מאס ברע Yeshaya 7:15, Yeshaya 7:16; בִּעֵר הרע מִן consume evil from Devarim 13:6 + 8 times Dt; לֹא יְגֻרְךָ רָ֑ע Tehillim 5:5 (adjective = evil man Hupfeld De and elsewhere); ידע טוב ורע Breishis 2:9, Breishis 2:17; Breishis 3:5, Breishis 3:22 (all J), Devarim 1:39; סר מֵרָע Yeshaya 59:15 Tehillim 34:15; Tehillim 37:27; Mishlei 3:7 + 8 times; כי ברע הוא Shemos 32:22 he is set on evil; רע רשׁעים Tehillim 7:10; רע מעללים Shmuel Alef 25:3, compare Micha 3:4 (see רֹעַ 3); דִּבְרֵי רָע deeds of evil Yirmiya 5:28; תַּהְפֻּכוֹת רָ֑ע Mishlei 2:14; אֹרַח רע Tehillim 119:101; עֲצַת רע Yechezkel 11:2; מֵחְשְׁבוֹת רע Mishlei 15:26; אִישׁ רע Mishlei 29:6; אַנְשֵׁי רע Mishlei 28:5; אֵשֶׁת רע Mishlei 6:24 (but read רֵעַ Gratz Bi Toy).

רָעָה⁴

noun (fem.) evil, misery, distress, injury;—absolute ר׳ Breishis 26:29 +; construct רָעַת Breishis 6:5 +; with suffix רָֽעָתִי Tehillim 35:4 +; רָעָֽתְךָ Melachim Alef 2:44 +; רָֽעָתֵכִי Yirmiya 11:15 (text doubtful); רָֽעַתְכֶם Shmuel Alef 12:17, etc.; plural רָעוֹת Devarim 31:17 +; רָעֹת Yirmiya 44:9 Shemos 23:2; with suffix רָעוֹתֵיכֶם Shmuel Alef 10:19 +, etc.;—

evil, misery, distress: פַּחַד רָעָה Mishlei 1:33, באה (ה)רעה Yechezkel 7:5^(×2); c. עַל Yeshaya 47:11 (read באה for בא), Yirmiya 5:12 + 5 times; c. אֶל Yirmiya 2:3; Yirmiya 51:60; †הביא רעה Yirmiya 4:6 Melachim Alef 21:29; + אֶל Shmuel Beis 17:14 + 8 times K Je; + עַל Melachim Alef 9:9 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:22, Yirmiya 19:3 + 6 times Je + 8 times; + אֶל et על Yirmiya 19:15; Yirmiya 36:31; יוֹם רעה Yirmiya 17:17, Yirmiya 36:18 + 5 times; יְמֵי הרעה †Koheles 12:1 (that is, spring days, fatal to old people, Wetzstein in De ^{Koh. 447}); רָעוֹת evils Devarim 31:17^(×2), Devarim 31:21, Devarim 32:23 (poem), Tehillim 34:20; Tehillim 40:13; Tehillim 88:4; עֵת רָעָה Amos 5:13; Yirmiya 2:27, Yirmiya 2:28 + 5 times; †ראה ברעה Bamidbar 11:15 Ovadia 1:13; Esther 8:6; †ראה רעה Yirmiya 44:17 Tehillim 90:15; Mishlei 22:3 = Mishlei 27:12; †יפול ברעה Mishlei 17:20; Mishlei 28:14; †בְּרָעָה Yirmiya 44:29 Mishlei 14:32; Mishlei 24:16; Nechemia 1:3; Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:23 Tehillim 107:26; ברעותיכם Tehillim 141:5; נִחַם עַל רָעָה Shemos 32:12, Shemos 32:14 Yirmiya 8:6 + 6 times; c. אֶל Shmuel Beis 24:16; Yirmiya 26:3, Yirmiya 26:13, Yirmiya 26:19; Yirmiya 42:10.

evil, injury, wrong: †עשׂה רעה Shmuel Beis 12:18; Yirmiya 26:19; Yirmiya 41:11; c. עִם Breishis 26:29 Shoftim 15:3; Shmuel Beis 13:16; c. את Shoftim 11:27; c. ל Shmuel Alef 6:9; Melachim Alef 2:44 + 4 times; c. אֶל Yirmiya 44:7; object of vbs. חשׁב Breishis 50:20 Yirmiya 36:3; Yirmiya 48:2 + 7 times; †חרשׁ Shmuel Alef 23:9; Mishlei 3:29; הֵשִׁיב Breishis 50:15 Shoftim 9:56, Shoftim 9:57 + 4 times; †גמל Breishis 50:17 Shmuel Alef 24:18 (Shmuel Alef 24:17); Yeshaya 3:9; Mishlei 3:30; בקשׁ Bamidbar 35:23; Shmuel Alef 24:10 (Shmuel Alef 24:9); Shmuel Alef 25:26 + 4 times; †שׁלּם Breishis 44:4; Yirmiya 18:20; Yirmiya 51:24 Tehillim 35:12; Tehillim 38:21; לְרָעָה for harm Breishis 31:52; Shemos 23:2; Devarim 29:20; Shoftim 2:15; Shmuel Beis 18:32; Yirmiya 21:10 + 8 times Je, Amos 9:4; Zecharia 1:15; Mishlei 6:18; Koheles 5:12; בְּרָעָתֶ֑ךָ Shmuel Beis 16:8 in thy mischief; בְּרָעָה Shemos 32:12 for mischief; רָעָה רַבָּה Koheles 2:21; רָעָה חוֹלָה Koheles 5:12, Koheles 5:15.

ethical evil, Shmuel Alef 12:17, Shmuel Alef 12:19; Shmuel Alef 24:12; Shmuel Alef 26:18; Yeshaya 47:10; Yirmiya 2:19 + 13 times Je, + 18 times, + following: עָשָׂה (הָ)רָעָה Breishis 39:9; Devarim 31:18 + 5 times + Yirmiya 18:10 (Kesiv, but Keri רע); מַעֲשֵׂה רעה Koheles 8:11; אהב רעה Micha 3:2 (Kesiv); שׁוּב מרעה Yirmiya 18:8; Yirmiya 23:14; Yirmiya 44:5; בִּעֵר רעה מ׳ Shoftim 20:13 (v ii. רַע 3); מִפְּנֵי רָעָה Yirmiya 7:12; Yirmiya 44:3; מפני רָעַת רעתכם Hoshea 10:15; בגלל ר׳ Yirmiya 11:17; על כל ר׳ Yirmiya 1:16; Yirmiya 32:32; Yirmiya 33:5; מֵר׳ Tehillim 107:34 Yirmiya 12:4; אַנְשֵׁי רָעָה Mishlei 24:1.

רָעַע

verb denom. be evil, bad;—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular רַע Bamidbar 22:34 + 3 times, רָ֑ע Bamidbar 11:10; 3rd feminine singular רָעָה Devarim 15:9 (Shemos 21:8 see i. רַע); future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יֵרַע (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 67 p) Breishis 21:12 +; 3rd feminine singular תֵּרַע Devarim 28:54, Devarim 28:56; 3rd masculine plural יֵרְעוּ Nechemia 2:3;—

be displeasing: רַע בְּעֵינֵי Bamidbar 11:10; Bamidbar 22:34, Yehoshua 24:15, Yirmiya 40:4; Mishlei 24:18 (c. וְ consec.) impf. יֵרַע בְּעֵינֵי Breishis 21:11, Breishis 21:12, Breishis 48:17, Shmuel Alef 8:6; Shmuel Alef 18:8; Shmuel Beis 11:25; later, וַיֵּרַע אֶל Yonah 4:1 or וירע לְ Nechemia 2:10 (intensified by רָעָה גְדוֹלָה), וַיֵּרַע לִי מְאֹד Nechemia 13:8.

be sad: ירע לבב Devarim 15:10; Shmuel Alef 1:8; יֵֽרְעוּ פָנַי Nechemia 2:3.

be injurious, evil: וַיֵּרַע לְ Tehillim 106:32 it went ill with Moses, person subj. Shmuel Beis 20:6; רַעָה עַיִן be grudging, c. ב person, Devarim 15:9; Devarim 28:54, Devarim 28:56.

be evil, wicked, ethically: וַיֵּרַע בְּעֵינֵי י׳ Breishis 38:10; Shmuel Beis 11:27; Yeshaya 59:15; בְּעֵינֵי אֱלֹהִים Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:7.

suffer hurt: future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יֵרוֹעַ (רַע) Mishlei 11:15; Mishlei 13:20.

₇₀ past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הֵרַע Shemos 5:23 +; 2nd masculine singular הֲרֵעוֹתָ Melachim Alef 17:20, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָרֵעַ Tzefania 1:12, וַיָּ֫רַע Melachim Alef 16:25; 2nd masculine singular תָּרַע Tehillim 44:3 +, etc. inf. absolute הָרֵעַ Shmuel Alef 12:25 Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:17; constructהָרַע Breishis 31:7 + 8 times, הָרֵ֑עַ Yeshaya 1:16 + 4 times; participle (בינוני) מֵרַע Yeshaya 9:16; Mishlei 17:4; plural מְרֵעִים Yeshaya 1:4 +;—

do an injury, hurt: absolute Breishis 44:5, Yeshaya 11:9 = Yeshaya 65:25; Yirmiya 31:28; Mishlei 4:16; Mishlei 24:8; opposite היטיב Yeshaya 41:23; Yirmiya 10:5; Tzefania 1:12 (all in prov. phr. = do anything at all, compare רָע 2); הרע ל Breishis 19:9; Breishis 43:6; Shemos 5:22, Shemos 5:23; Bamidbar 11:11 Bamidbar 20:15; Yehoshua 24:20 + 5 times; with a direct object person Bamidbar 16:15 + 4 times; c. בְּ, Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:22 = Tehillim 105:15 (c. ל), Yirmiya 25:29 Tehillim 74:3; c. עִמָּדִי Breishis 31:7; c. על Melachim Alef 17:20; c. ל + inf. Yirmiya 16:12; swear לְהָרַע, = to one’s hurt, Tehillim 15:4; Vayikra 5:4; participle (בינוני) = noun לְבָבָם לְמֵרָע Daniel 11:27 (shall be) for mischief.

do evil, wickedly: absolute Breishis 19:7 Shmuel Alef 12:25^(×2) + 6 times; opposite היטיב Yirmiya 4:22; Yirmiya 13:23; c. מִן comp., Melachim Alef 14:9; Melachim Alef 16:25; Melachim Beis 21:11; Yirmiya 7:26; Yirmiya 16:12; with a direct object הֵרֵעוּ מַעַלְלֵיהֶם Micha 3:4, compare Shmuel Alef 25:3; participle (בינוני) מֵרַע evil doer, Yeshaya 9:16; Mishlei 17:4; plural Yirmiya 20:13; Yirmiya 23:14 Tehillim 27:2 + 7 times; זֶרַע מ׳ Yeshaya 1:4; Yeshaya 14:20; בית מ׳ Yeshaya 31:2; עֲדַת מ׳ Tehillim 22:17; קְהַל מ׳ Tehillim 26:5; סוֹד מ׳ Tehillim 64:3.

רָעַע²

verb break (Aramaic loan-word = Hebrew רָצַץ q.see);—

past (עבר) 3rd plural רָעוּ Yirmiya 11:16; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָרֹעַ Yirmiya 15:12; Iyov 34:24, 2nd masculine singular with suffix תְּרֹעֵם Tehillim 2:9 (but see below); inf. absolute רֹ֫עָה Yeshaya 24:19 (del. ה as dittogr. and read רֹעַ, see Hithpōʿ.); participle (בינוני) f. רֹעָה (? for רֹעֲעָה) Mishlei 25:19:—

trans. הֲיָרֹעַ כַּרְזֶל בַּרְזֶל וגו׳ Yirmiya 15:12 can one break iron, iron out of the north? compare יָרֹעַ כַּבִּירִים Iyov 34:24; תְּרֹעֵם בְּשֵׁבֶט בַּרְזֶל Tehillim 2:9 (but read תִּרְעֵם, see I. רעה, Septuagint Peshitta Vulgate Hupfeld-Nowack and elsewhere).

intrans. break = be broken, of branches Yirmiya 11:16 (in figuratively; Graf Or and elsewhere; > Hitzig Giesebrecht are in a sad state, √ I. רעע); שֵׁן רֹעָה Mishlei 25:19 a broken tooth (ר׳ = רֹעֲעָה?; Frankenb Niph. participle (בינוני) נְרָעָה, compare Toy, but Niph. not elsewhere; old versions רָעָה bad).—רֹ֫עוּ Yeshaya 8:9 read דְּעוּ (Septuagint Lo Cheyne and elsewhere, ‖ הַאֲזִינוּ).

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular + Qal inf. absolute (see above) רֹעַ הִתְרֹעֲעָה הָארץ Yeshaya 24:19 the earth is broken asunder (‖ פּוֹר הִתְפּוֹרְרָה, מוֹט הִתְמוֹטְטָה); also inf. construct לְהִתְרוֹעֵעַ Mishlei 18:24 will be broken in pieces (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 114 i), ruined, De and elsewhere, but < read לְהִתְרָעוֹת old versions Toy and elsewhere, see II. רעה Hithp. (see, however, Driver^{Expos. Times xi (1899–1900), 230 f.}).

רָפָא

verb heal (Mishnaic Hebrew in deriv.; Phoenician רפא, Syriac ܪܦܳܐ heal; on Aramaic proper name cpd. with רפא see Noldeke^{ZMG xl (1886), 723} Lidzbarski ³⁶⁹; Sabean proper name אלרפא Langer ^{1, 1} DHMZMG ^{xxxvii (1883), 326}; Arabic رَفَأَ (and رَفَا) darn, mend, repair, pacify; Ethiopic ረፍአ stitch together, mend; compare Küchenmeister ^{ZWiss. Th. xxx (1887), 257 ff.});—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular consec. וְר׳ Yeshaya 6:10, with suffix וּרְפָאָם Yeshaya 19:22, 1st singular with suffix consec. וּרְפָאתִיו Yeshaya 57:19, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְפָּא Melachim Beis 20:8 +, with suffix יִרְפָּאֵנוּ Hoshea 6:1, Hoshea 6:1 s. אֶרְפָּא Hoshea 14:5 +, אֶרְפָּה (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 75 pp) Yirmiya 3:22; Yirmiya 3:3 fpl. תִּרְפֶּינָה (the same^{ib. qq}) Iyov 5:18, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. רְפָא Bamidbar 12:13, רְפָה (the same^{ib. pp}) Tehillim 60:4, רְפָאָ֫ה Tehillim 41:5, etc.; inf. absolute רָפוֹא Yeshaya 19:22; construct לִרְפֹּא Hoshea 5:13, etc.; participle (בינוני) רֹפֵא (פֶ K ³) Melachim Beis 20:5 +;—heal:

literally,

of God, with a direct object person Breishis 20:17, Tehillim 107:20 (with suffix), c. ל person Bamidbar 12:13 Melachim Beis 20:5, Melachim Beis 20:8.

of men, absolute Koheles 3:3 (opposite הרג); pt. as noun healer, physician, Breishis 50:2^(×2), Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:12.

figuratively, heal hurts of nation, involving י׳’s (restored) favour (and, often, forgiveness):

subj. י׳, c. with suffix person, Hoshea 6:1; Hoshea 11:3 (yet compare Wellhausen Nowack), Shemos 15:26, Yeshaya 19:22; Yeshaya 57:18, Yeshaya 57:19 Yirmiya 33:6 Tehillim 30:3, compare Tehillim 6:3; with a direct object עַם Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:20, with a direct object אֶרֶץ Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:14; c. ל of nation Hoshea 7:1, and (indef. subj.) Yeshaya 6:10 (lest) one heal them (= passive, they be healed); with a direct object of hurt, מַחַץ מַכָּתוֹ Yeshaya 30:26, שְׁבָרִים (of land) Tehillim 60:4, so מְשׁוּבָה Hoshea 14:5; Yirmiya 3:22 (incl. the consequences of backsliding); c. ל of hurt Tehillim 103:3; direct object nation (personif.) + מִן of hurt Yirmiya 30:17 I will heal thee of thy wounds (‖ אֶרְפָּאֵךְ); absolute Yeshaya 19:22 (opposite נגף), Devarim 32:39 (opposite מחץ); pt. as noun healer, physician Yirmiya 8:22.

human subj., c. ל of nation, Hoshea 5:13, compare Eicha 2:13.

figuratively, heal individ. distresses, c. with suffix person Yirmiya 17:14, with a direct object נַפְשִׁי = me Tehillim 41:5, c. ל person, לִשְׁבוּרֵי לֵב Tehillim 147:3 (that is longing exiles, compare Yeshaya 61:3); absolute Iyov 5:18 (opposite מחץ);

pt. as subst Iyov 13:4.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular נִרְפָּא Vayikra 13:37 +, 3rd feminine singular נִרְפָּ֑תָה (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 75 qq) Yirmiya 51:9; 3rd plural וְנִרְפּאוּ consec. Yechezkel 47:8; future (עתיד) 2nd masculine singular תֵּרָפֵא Yirmiya 51:8; 3rd masculine plural יֵרָֽפְאוּ Yechezkel 47:9, Yechezkel 47:11, וַיֵּרָפוּ (Gesenius^l.c.) Melachim Beis 2:22, etc.; inf. construct הֵרָפֵא Yirmiya 15:18 +, הֵרָפֵה (the same^ib.) Yirmiya 19:11;—be healed:

literally, of person Shmuel Alef 6:3; + direct object of disease Devarim 28:27, Devarim 28:35; subj. disease Vayikra 13:18, Vayikra 13:37; Vayikra 14:3, Vayikra 14:48; of (bad) water Melachim Beis 2:22, salt waters (prediction), that is be made fresh, Yechezkel 47:8, Yechezkel 47:9, Yechezkel 47:11; of (broken) pottery, that is be made whole, Yirmiya 19:11 (in simile).

figuratively, be healed:

of national hurts, subj. city Yirmiya 51:8, Yirmiya 51:9; involving forgiveness and י׳’s blessing, impers. c. ל of people, נִרְפָּא־לָנוּ Yeshaya 53:5 that is healing has come to us.

of personal distress, subj. person Yirmiya 17:14, subj. the distress Yirmiya 15:18.

past (עבר) 1st singular רִפִּאתִי Melachim Beis 2:21; 2nd masculine plural רִפֵּאתֶם Yechezkel 34:4; 1st plural רִפִּאנוּ Yirmiya 51:9; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְרַפֵּא Shemos 21:19; Zecharia 11:16, וַיְרַפֵּא Melachim Alef 18:30; 3rd masculine plural וַיְרַפְּאוּ Yirmiya 6:14, וַיְרַפּוּ (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 75 qq) Yirmiya 8:11; inf. absolute רַפֹּא Shemos 21:19;—have healed, heal, usually human subj.:

literally, רַפֹּא יְרַפֵּא Shemos 21:19 he shall have (him) well healed; with a direct object of altar, = repair, Melachim Alef 18:30; c. ל of water (subj. י׳) Melachim Beis 2:21.

figuratively of healing national defects and hurts, direct object person, Yechezkel 34:14; Zecharia 11:16; work at healing, treat (direct object of hurt) Yirmiya 6:14; Yirmiya 8:11 (both עַל־נְקַלָּה, see [קָלַל] Niph. 2), Yirmiya 51:9.

inf. construct of purpose, לְהִתְרַפֵּא, literally, in order to get healed, + מִן of wounds Melachim Beis 8:29 = Melachim Beis 9:15, so ‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 22:6 (read with Septuagint מִן for כִּי, compare Be Kau Benzinger).—see רָפָה relax.

רָפָא²

proper name (masc.) in Benj., Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:2, Ραφη[α].—II. רָפָא see רפה.—Vid. also בֵּית ר׳ p. 112.

רְפָאִים

see under רפה.

רָפָה

proper name (masc.) in Saul’s line Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:37, Ραφαι(α), SeptuagintL Αραχα; see רְפָיָה.—II. ר׳ see רפה.

רָפוּא

proper name (masc.) in Benj., Bamidbar 13:9, Ραφου[αυ].

רְפֻאָה

noun (fem.) remedy, medicine;—plural absolute רְפֻאֹת Yechezkel 30:21 Yirmiya 30:13, -וֹת Yirmiya 46:11 (all figuratively).

רִפְאוּת

noun (fem.) healing;—ר׳ absolute Mishlei 3:8 (figuratively).

רְפָיָה

proper name (masc.)

in David’s family Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:21, Ραφαλ, A SeptuagintL Ραφαια.

in Simeon, Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:42, Ραφαια(ς).

in Issachar, Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:2, Ραφαρα, A SeptuagintL Ραφαια.

descendant of Saul Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:43, Ραφαια, SeptuagintL Αραχα (= רָפָה Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:37).

post-ex. name Nechemia 3:9, Ραφαια(ς).

רָפָה²

verb sink, relax (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, so Aramaic רפא (der. spec.), Zinj. רפה Aph., ܪܦܳܐ; Arabic رَفَاهَة an easy life is perhaps akin);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular Shoftim 19:9 (yet see below); 3rd feminine singular רָֽפְתָה Shoftim 8:3 Yirmiya 49:24, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְפֶּה Yeshaya 5:24, וַיִּ֫רֶף Shemos 4:26 (see below), etc.;—

sink down, of hay in flame Yeshaya 5:24; sink, decline, of day Shoftim 19:9 (si vera l.; SeptuagintL κέκλικεν, G.F. Moore נָטָה [but how expl. the difficult רפה?]). Usually

sink, drop (of wings, see Pi.), of hands, c. מִן Nechemia 6:9 their hands will drop from the work (in fear); elsewhere absolute figuratively = lose heart, energy, Shmuel Beis 4:1; Yeshaya 13:7; Yirmiya 6:24; Yirmiya 50:43; Yechezkel 7:17; Yechezkel 21:12; Tzefania 3:16; Divrei HaYamim Beis 15:7; יָדַיִם om. Yirmiya 49:24.

relax, abate, of temper Shoftim 8:3 (+ מֵעַל person).

relax, withdraw, subj. י׳, מִן person Shemos 4:26, that is let one alone (but read perhaps וַיֶּרֶף, v Hiph.).

participle (בינוני) plural נִרְפִּים idle Shemos 5:18, Shemos 5:17.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular רִפָּה Iyov 12:21; future (עתיד) 3rd feminine plural; תְּרַפֶּינָה Yechezkel 1:24, Yechezkel 1:25; participle (בינוני) מְרַפֵּא (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 75 rr) Yirmiya 38:4; plural מְרַפִּים Ezra 4:4;—causat.: let wings drop Yechezkel 1:24, Yechezkel 1:25 (read Qal, כנפיהם subj., Septuagint Co Toy Krae and elsewhere, who del. in v Yechezkel 1:25); loosen and let drop, girdle of mighty, figuratively for weaken them Iyov 12:21; with a direct object hands, figuratively for enfeeble, dishearten Yirmiya 38:4; Ezra 4:4.

future (עתיד), 3rd masculine singular with suffix יַרְפְּךָ Devarim 4:31 +; juss. 2nd masculine singular תֶּ֫רֶף Yehoshua 10:6 +, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. הַרְפֵּה Shoftim 11:37; Melachim Beis 4:27; הֶ֫רֶף Devarim 9:14 +; mpl. הַרְפּוּ Tehillim 46:11;—causat.,

let drop, the hand Shmuel Beis 24:16 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:15; figuratively, + מִן person, = abandon, Yehoshua 10:6; perhaps also (יָד om.) = relax, refrain Shemos 4:26 (reading וַיֶּרֶף, v Qal.); direct object rei, = abandon, forsake, Nechemia 6:3, so (subj. י׳) Tehillim 138:8; subj. י׳, with a direct object person, Devarim 4:31; Devarim 31:6, Devarim 31:8; Yehoshua 1:5, Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:20.

let go, with suffix person, Shir HaShirim 3:4 (opposite אחז); figuratively, direct object (om.) מוּסָר, Mishlei 4:13 (opposite החזיק), צְדָקָה Iyov 27:6 (opposite the same).

refrain, c. מִן person, = let one alone Shoftim 11:37; Devarim 9:14, מִן of anger Tehillim 37:8; c. ל person Shmuel Alef 11:3; Melachim Beis 4:27; direct object person Iyov 7:19; absolute let alone, that is do nothing, be quiet, Shmuel Alef 15:16 Tehillim 46:11 (compare Weir in Driver 18 15, 16).—Yirmiya 3:22; Iyov 5:18 Tehillim 60:4 see רָפָא.

past (עבר) 2nd masculine singular הִתְרַפִּית Mishlei 24:10 hast shewn thyself slack; participle (בינוני) מִתְרַפֶּה Mishlei 18:9 one shewing himself slack, plural מִתְרַפִּים Yehoshua 18:3.—Vid. also רָפָא heal.

רָפֶה

adjective slack;—absolute ר׳, of people, Bamidbar 13:18; construct רְפֵה יָדַיִם Shmuel Beis 17:2, that is weak (‖ יָגֵעַ); fpl. יָדַיִם רָפוֹת figuratively of discouragement and fear Yeshaya 35:3; Iyov 4:3. compare √ Qal. 2.

רָפָה³

II. רָפָא as proper name (masc.), always c. art. Hā-Rāphā (perhaps der. from proper namegent. II. רְפָאִים, q.see);—הָֽרָפָה Shmuel Beis 21:16, Shmuel Beis 21:18, c. preposition לְהָ׳ v Shmuel Beis 20:22 = לְהָרָפָא Divrei HaYamim Alef 20:6, Divrei HaYamim Alef 20:8;—only as parent, בִּילִידֵי הָר׳ Shmuel Beis 21:16, Shmuel Beis 21:18 (= מִילִידֵי הָֽרְפָאִים Divrei HaYamim Alef 20:4); יֻלַּד לְהָר׳ v Shmuel Beis 21:20, Shmuel Beis 21:22 ‖ Divrei HaYamim Alef 20:6, Divrei HaYamim Alef 20:8.—1. רָפָה see under רָפָא.

רְפָאִים²

noun (masc.) ^{Iyov 26:5} plural shades, ghosts (by most connected with above √, as sunken, powerless, ones, Stade^{G. i. 420}; Phoenician רפאם);—Wisd. literally and late, name of dead in Sh^eʾôl, c. art. הָר׳ Iyov 26:5, elsewhere nearly = proper name: ר׳ Yeshaya 14:9 (in Sh^eʾôl), Yeshaya 26:14 (‖ מֵתִים), Tehillim 88:11 (‖ the same), Mishlei 2:18 (‖ מָוֶת), Mishlei 9:18 (in עִמְקֵי שְׁאוֹל), קְחַל רְפָאִים Mishlei 21:16; of righteous Isr. Yeshaya 26:19 earth shall cast forth ר׳ (‖ מֵתֶיךָ).

רְפָאִים³

proper namegent. old race of giants (perhaps = I. ר׳, as extinct and powerless; see especially WRS in Driver Devarim 2:11; or as shadowy, vaguely known, SchwallyZAW ^{xviii (1896), 127 ff.} see also Stade^l.c.);—ancient inhab. of Canaan [W. of Jordan?], Breishis 15:20; Yehoshua 17:15, compare Divrei HaYamim Alef 20:4 (see II. רָפָה above); hence עֵמֶק ר׳, plain S. of Jerus. Shmuel Beis 5:18, Shmuel Beis 5:22; Shmuel Beis 23:13; Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:15; Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:9; Yeshaya 17:5; Yehoshua 15:8; Yehoshua 18:16; ר׳ E. of Jordan Devarim 2:11 (‖ עֲנָקִים; tall, compare v Devarim 2:10), v Devarim 2:20 (‖ the same; tall; = Zamzummim); in Bashan, Breishis 14:5, Og the last of them Devarim 3:11 (of huge size), Yehoshua 12:4; Yehoshua 13:12; אֶרֶץ ר׳ Devarim 2:20; Devarim 3:13. Septuagint Ραφαειν[μ]; οἱ γίγαντες Breishis 14:5 + 4 times; τῶν Τιτάνων Shmuel Beis 5:18, Shmuel Beis 5:22 + (SeptuagintL) Shmuel Beis 23:13.

רְפָיָה²

proper name (masc.) see under רפא. רִפְיוֹן see רפה.

ר֫פֶשׁ

n.[m.] mire;—Yeshaya 57:20 (+ טִיט).

רָץ

רָצָא

verb si vera l., ‖ form of רוּץ run, inf. absolute רָצוֹא Yechezkel 1:14, but read יָצוֹא (יֵֽצְאוּ) Hitzig-Smend Co Toy, compare Krae Berthol and elsewhere; Septuagint om. verse and most mod. think interpol.—Vid. also רצה.

רָצָה

verb be pleased with, accept favourably (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, will, be willing; Arabic رَضِىَ (orig. و) be well pleased with, Noldeke^{ZMG liv (1900), 155}; Sabean רצֿו favour CIS ^{iv. no. 77, 9 and elsewhere}, compare Hom^{Südar. Chrest. 123}, רצֿים good, acceptable, CIS ^{iv, no. 73, 9. and elsewhere}, of a coin, good, the same^{ib. no. 21, 5}; Aramaic ܪܥܳܐ רְעָא, ܪܥܳܐ have pleasure in, compare II. רָעָה above);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular ר׳ Koheles 9:7; with suffix רָצָם Yirmiya 14:10; Yirmiya 14:1 s. וְרָצִאתִי Yechezkel 43:27 consec. (metapl. Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 75 rr; Aramaism, Krae; but Co וְרָצִיתִי), etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְצֶה Tehillim 147:10 +, with suffix יִרְצְךָ Malachi 1:8; 3rd feminine singular juss. תִּ֫רֶץ Vayikra 26:43; Vayikra 26:3 fpl. תִּרְצֶנָה Mishlei 23:26 Kesiv (< Qr תִּצֹּרְנָה, √ נצר, compare Toy), etc.; imperative (ציווי) רְצֵה Tehillim 40:14; Tehillim 119:108; inf. construct רְצוֹת Mishlei 16:7 Tehillim 77:8, etc.; participle (בינוני) רוֹצֶה Tehillim 147:11; Tehillim 149:4, with suffix רֹצָם Yirmiya 14:12; passive רָצוּי Esther 10:3, construct רְצוּי Devarim 33:24;—

be pleased with, favourable to:

of God, with a direct object person Yeshaya 42:1 Tehillim 44:4; Tehillim 147:11; Iyov 33:26; with a direct object rei Tehillim 85:2 Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:17; Mishlei 16:7; Koheles 9:7; c. ב person Tehillim 149:4; ב rei Tehillim 147:10; Chaggai 1:8; absolute Tehillim 77:8.

of men: with a direct object person, subj. father Malachi 1:8, ‖ אהב Mishlei 3:12; of brother Breishis 33:10, monarch Divrei HaYamim Beis 10:7; with a direct object rei Tehillim 62:5; Tehillim 102:15; Iyov 14:6; Mishlei 23:26 (but see above); c. בְּ rei Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:3 Tehillim 49:14; עִם person Iyov 34:9 Tehillim 50:18; pt. passive רָצוּי favoured, acceptable to Devarim 33:24 (poem), Esther 10:3.

accept: of God, with a direct object person, sacrificing, Shmuel Beis 24:23; Hoshea 8:13; Yirmiya 14:10, Yirmiya 14:12; Yechezkel 20:40, Yechezkel 20:41; Yechezkel 43:27; with a direct object of sacrifice Devarim 33:11; Malachi 1:10, Malachi 1:13 Tehillim 51:18; Tehillim 119:108; c. בְ of sacrifice Micha 6:7; absolute Amos 5:22.

be pleased:

determined, c. inf. Tehillim 40:14.

c. בּ person Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:4.

make acceptable, satisfy (by paying off debt), subj. land, paying off its sabbaths (Dillmann Driver and elsewhere accept, be satisfied with [in payment]) Vayikra 26:34, Vayikra 26:43; Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:21, with a direct object of guilt incurred (עָוֹן) Vayikra 26:41, Vayikra 26:43 (< point all these as Hiph., so Siegfried-Stade Gerber).

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular נִרְצָה Vayikra 1:4 Yeshaya 40:2; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יֵרָצֶה Vayikra 7:18 +, etc.;—

passive of Qal 2, be accepted, of sacrifices, c. ל person, Vayikra 1:4; Vayikra 22:25; c. ל of sacrifice Vayikra 22:23, Vayikra 22:27; absolute Vayikra 7:18; Vayikra 19:7.

passive of Qal 4: נִרְצָה עֲוֹנָהּ Yeshaya 40:2 her punishment is accepted (as satisfactory).

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural יְרַצּוּ Iyov 20:10, with a direct object דַּלִּים seek the favour of the poor (but Budde Siegfried-Stade Gerber from רצץ).

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular וְהִרְצָת (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 75 m) consec. Vayikra 26:34 the land shall pay off her sabbaths (direct object), compare Qal 4.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִתְרַצֶּה Shmuel Alef 29:4 with what shall he make himself acceptable unto (אֶל) his lord? + 3rd masculine plural יִתְרַצּוּ Hoshea 4:10 Septuagint Wellhausen Nowack (for Masoretic Text יפרצו) they shall not have delight.

רָצוֹן

n.[m.] goodwill, favour, acceptance, will;—absolute ר׳ Devarim 33:23 +; construct רְצוֹן Tehillim 145:19 +; with suffix רְצוֹנִי Yeshaya 60:10, רְצֹנוֹ Daniel 8:4 +, etc.;—

goodwill, favour:

of God, Devarim 33:16; Yeshaya 60:10 Tehillim 5:13; Tehillim 30:6, Tehillim 30:8; Tehillim 51:20; Tehillim 89:18; Tehillim 106:4; Mishlei 8:35; Mishlei 12:2; Mishlei 18:22; עֵת ר׳ Yeshaya 49:8 Tehillim 69:14; יוֹם ר׳ Yeshaya 58:5; שְׁנַת־ר׳ Yeshaya 61:2; ‖ בְּרָכָה Devarim 33:23; opposite תּוֹעֵכָה Mishlei 11:1, Mishlei 11:20; Mishlei 12:22; Mishlei 15:8.

of men: in generally Mishlei 10:32; Mishlei 11:27; Mishlei 14:9; of kings v Mishlei 14:35 Mishlei 16:13, Mishlei 16:15; Mishlei 19:12.

acceptance, of persons, offering sacrifice, לרצון לפני יהוה Shemos 28:38; c. ל person for acceptance for him before י׳; c. with suffix person לרצנוֹ Vayikra 1:3; abbrev. לְרָצוֹן לָכֶם Vayikra 22:20, לרצנכם Vayikra 19:5; Vayikra 22:19, Vayikra 22:29; Vayikra 23:11, לרצון Vayikra 22:21 Yeshaya 56:7; Yirmiya 6:20 Tehillim 19:15 (of words; compare Hoshea 14:3); על רצון Yeshaya 60:7 (read לְ, so Codd., see Gi, also Duhm), רצון Malachi 2:13.

will, desire, pleasure:

of God, עשׂה ר׳ do his will Ezra 10:11 Tehillim 40:9; Tehillim 103:21; Tehillim 143:10.

of man, עשׂה כרצונוֹ do according to his will, exactly as he pleased, Daniel 8:4; Daniel 11:3, Daniel 11:16, Daniel 11:36; Nechemia 9:24; Esther 1:8; Esther 9:5, compare Nechemia 9:37; desire Tehillim 145:16, Tehillim 145:19 Divrei HaYamim Beis 15:15; = self-will Breishis 49:6 (poem).

רָצַח

verb murder, slay (Mishnaic Hebrew (rare, also in deriv.) = Biblical Hebrew; compare Arabic رَضَحَ, رَضَخَ break, bruise, crush);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular consec. זְר׳ Bamidbar 35:27, וּרְצָחוֹ Devarim 22:26; 2nd masculine singular (הֲ)רָצַחְתָּ Melachim Alef 21:19; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְצַח Bamidbar 35:30; Devarim 4:42; 2nd masculine singular (-צַח) תִּרְצָ֑ח Shemos 20:13 = Devarim 5:17; inf. absolute רָצֹחַ Hoshea 4:2; Yirmiya 7:9; participle (בינוני) active רֹצֵחַ Devarim 19:3 +, רוֹ׳ Devarim 4:42 +;—murder, slay, with premeditation, Shemos 20:13 = Devarim 5:17; Hoshea 4:2; Yirmiya 7:9; Melachim Alef 21:19 (all absolute); with a direct object person Devarim 22:26, unawares Devarim 4:42; slay as avenger Bamidbar 35:27, Bamidbar 35:30 (P; ‖ הֵמִית v Bamidbar 35:19, Bamidbar 35:21); especially pt. as noun = slayer, manslayer, without intent, Devarim 4:42; Devarim 19:3, Devarim 19:4, Devarim 19:6; also in P: Bamidbar 35:6, Bamidbar 35:11, Bamidbar 35:12, Bamidbar 35:25, Bamidbar 35:26, Bamidbar 35:27, Bamidbar 35:28; Yehoshua 20:3, Yehoshua 20:5, Yehoshua 20:6; Yehoshua 21:13, Yehoshua 21:21, Yehoshua 21:27, Yehoshua 21:32, Yehoshua 21:26 (van d. H., Baer, v Yehoshua 21:33 Gi; all P); murderer, with intent, Bamidbar 35:16^(×2), Bamidbar 35:17^(×2), Bamidbar 35:18^(×2), Bamidbar 35:19, Bamidbar 35:21^(×2), Bamidbar 35:30, Bamidbar 35:31; also Iyov 24:14.

future (עתיד) 1st singular אֵרָצֵחַ Mishlei 22:13 I shall be slain; participle (בינוני) fs. as adjective אִשָּׁה הַנִּרְצָחָה Shoftim 20:4 the murdered woman.

(intens.) murder, assassinate: 3rd masculine plural יְרַצְּחוּ Hoshea 6:9 (absolute), יְרַצֵּ֑חוּ Tehillim 94:6 (direct object person, ‖ הָרַג); Tehillim 62:4 see below; participle (בינוני) מְרַצֵּחַ, as noun Melachim Beis 6:32 murderer, assassin; plural מְרַצְּחִים Yeshaya 1:21 assassins.

future (עתיד), 2nd masculine plural תְּרָצְּחוּ Tehillim 62:4, so Baer Gi, van d. H. תְּרָצְהוּ, but Ben Napht. Pi. תְּרַצְּחוּ (Baer ¹⁴³), so old versions Hupfeld-Nowack De Cheyne Baethgen and elsewhere ye murder (or batter, shatter).

רְצִין

proper name (masc.)

king of Aram, Ahaz’s time: Melachim Beis 15:37; Melachim Beis 16:5, Melachim Beis 16:6, Melachim Beis 16:9; Yeshaya 7:1, Yeshaya 7:4, Yeshaya 7:8; Yeshaya 8:6; Yeshaya 9:10; Ρα(α)σ(σ)ων, Ρασειν.*

Ezra 2:48 = Nechemia 7:49, Ρα(α)σων.

רִֽצְפָה

noun (fem.) pavement;—absolute ר׳ Yechezkel 40:17^(×2) +, construct רִֽצְפַת Esther 1:6 (van d. H. רִצְפָּה, -פַּת);—pavement, in Ezek.’s temple, Yechezkel 40:17^(×2), Yechezkel 40:18^(×2); Yechezkel 42:3; Sol.’s temple Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:3; in a palace Esther 1:6.

רִצְפָּה

noun (fem.) glowing stone (or coal) (Wellhausen^{Isr. u. Jüd. Gesch.(3) 83});—ר׳ absolute Yeshaya 6:6; plural עֻגַת רְצָפִים Melachim Alef 19:6 (compare Syriac above).

רֶ֫צֶף

proper name (place) conquered by Assyrian (Assyrian Raṣappa, Cuneiform Inscriptions & the Old Testament Melachim Beis 19:12 Schrader^{KGF 167} Delitzsch^{Pa 297}; probably = Ῥησάφα Ptol^{see 18});—Melachim Beis 19:12 = Yeshaya 37:12, Ραφε(ι)ς, Ραφεθ; mod. Ruṣâfa, between Palmyra and the Euphrates Delitzsch^l.c. Peters ^{Nippur i. 105}.

רִצְפָּה²

proper namef. concubine of Saul, Shmuel Beis 3:7; Shmuel Beis 21:8, Shmuel Beis 21:10, Shmuel Beis 21:11, Ρεσφα.

רָצַץ

verb crush (Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Arabic رَضَّ bruise, bray, crush; Aramaic רְעַע, ܪܰܥ crush, shatter);—

past (עבר) 2nd masculine singular with suffix רַצּוֹתָנוּ Shmuel Alef 12:4; Shmuel Alef 12:1 s. רַצּוֹתִי v Shmuel Alef 12:3; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָרוּץ (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 67 q) Yeshaya 42:4 (Cod. Babylonian יֵרוֹץ, Niph., so Siegfried-Stade here and Koheles 12:6 a), 3rd feminine singular תָּרוּץ Koheles 12: 6 a, 1st singular אָרֻץ Tehillim 18:30 = אָרוּץ Shmuel Beis 22:30 (see רוּץ); participle (בינוני) active fpl. רֹצְצוֹת Amos 4:1; passive רָצוּץ Yeshaya 42:3 +, construct רְצוּץ Hoshea 5:11; plural רְצוּצִים Yeshaya 58:6;—crush:

literally,

pt. passive in (הַ)קָּנֶה (הַ)רָצוּץ Melachim Beis 18:21; = Yeshaya 36:6, Yeshaya 42:3 (all metaphorically of weak person).

impf. intrans.get crushed (read תֵּרוֹץ?), of bowl Koheles 12:6 a (in metaphorically).

figuratively crush, oppress, direct object person Shmuel Alef 12:3, Shmuel Alef 12:4; Amos 4:1; pt. passive Devarim 28:33, as noun the oppressed Yeshaya 58:6; רְצוּץ מִשְׁפָּט Hoshea 5:11 (Wellhausen Nowack רֹצֵץ, that is suppressing judgment, but doubtful); intrans. get crushed (read יֵרוֹץ?), of servant of י׳, under figuratively of wick, Yeshaya 42:4 (+ יִכְהֶה) he shall not grow dim or be crushed out.

be crushed, broken: past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular consec. וְנָרֹץ (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 67 t) Koheles 12:6 b (of wheel at cistern); future (עתיד) 2nd masculine singular תֵּרוֹץ Yechezkel 29:7 (of Pharaoh as reed, compare Qal 1 a); Iyov 20:10 read perhaps יֵרֹצּוּ (for יְרַצּוּ, see רצה Pi.), are crushed (as) poor men, Budde, compare Hoffmann Siegfried-Stade Gerber.—Yeshaya 42:4 Koheles 12:6 a see Qal. Pi. crush in pieces:

literally (in metaphorically) past (עבר) 2nd masculine singular רִצַּצְתָּ Tehillim 74:14 with a direct object rei

figuratively = grievously oppress, 3rd masculine singular רִצַּץ Iyov 20:19; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיְרַצֵּץ מִן הָעָם Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:10. Pōʿēl future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural וַיְרֹצְצוּ Shoftim 10:8, direct object person (= Pi. 2; ‖ רעץ; רצץ here perhaps doublet, so G.F. Moore^Haupt, compare Budde Nowack).

future (עתיד) 3rd feminine singular וַתָּ֫רִץ (Konig^{i. 352}; Barth^{ZMG xliii (1889), 181} thinks Qal) Shoftim 9:53 she crushed his skull. Hithpōʿ. recipr., future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural וַיִּתְרֹצֲצוּ הַבָּנִים בְּקִרְבָּהּ (ץְ Gi) Breishis 25:22 the children crushed one another within her.

רַק

רֹק

see II. רקק.

רָקָב

n.[m.] rottenness, decay (always figuratively);—ר׳ absolute; appar. of ravages of worm, in בֵּית יְהוּדָה, in figuratively Hoshea 5:12 (‖ עָשׁ), compare Iyov 13:28 (‖ the same); elsewhere of decay of bones, caries (in figuratively), ר׳ בְּעַצְמ׳ Chavakuk 3:16; Mishlei 12:4, construct רְקַב עַצְמ׳ Mishlei 14:30.

רִקָּבוֹן

n.[m.] the same;—עֵץ ר׳ Iyov 41:19 wood of rottenness, = rotten wood (in figuratively).

רָקַח

verb mix, or compound oil, ointment (perhaps denom.; in this case √ meaning unknown; Mishnaic Hebrew has מִרְקַחַת ointment; Phoenician רקח either spice-mixer (Bloch) or spice-dealer (Lidzbarski); perhaps akin to Assyrian riḳḳu, spice, Meissn^{Suppl. 90}, compare rikkê, Delitzsch^{HWB 620});—

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִרְקַח Shemos 30:33; participle (בינוני) רֹקֵחַ v Shemos 30:25, Shemos 30:35, רוֹ׳ Shemos 37:29 Koheles 10:1; plural construct רֹקְחֵי Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:30;—mix, compound, Shemos 30:33 (P; כָּמֹהוּ, that is anything like the holy oil); pt. as noun רֹקְחֵי הַמִּרְקַחַת Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:30 compounders of the ointment; as a professional name, mixer, perfumer, Shemos 30:25, Shemos 30:35; Shemos 37:29; Koheles 10:1.

participle (בינוני) mpl. מְרֻקָּחִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:14 mixed as ointment.

infinitive (מקור) absolute הַרְקַח הַמֶּרְקָחָה Yechezkel 24:10 (‖ הָתֵם), as imperative (ציווי), spice the spicing (?), that is spice (the meat) well, but very doubtful, Krae proposes הָרֵק הַמָּרָק empty out the broth.

רֹ֫קַח

n.[m.] spice-mixture, perfume;—of holy oil, ר׳ מִרְקַחַת מַעֲשֵׂה רֹקֵחַ Shemos 30:25; of incense, ר׳ מַעֲשֵׂה רוֹקֵחַ v Shemos 30:35.

רָקַם

verb variegate (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; so Arabic رَقَمَ, Ethiopic ረቀመ:, compare Targum רְקָם, רִקְמָתָא variegated cloth or skin, Syriac ܬܰܪܩܡܳܬܳܐ freckles);—

participle (בינוני) active רֹקֵם, as noun variegator, worker (weaver) in colours, c. ב mater. Shemos 38:23, מְלֶאכֶת חָרָשׁ וְחשֵׁב זְר׳ Shemos 35:35; especially מַעֲשֵׂה ר׳ variegator’s work Shemos 26:36; Shemos 27:16; Shemos 28:39 = Shemos 36:37; Shemos 38:18; Shemos 39:29 (all P; all c. mater. except Shemos 28:39).

past (עבר) 1st singular רֻקַּמְתִּי Tehillim 139:15 I was skilfully wrought (woven, ‖ סכך v Tehillim 139:13).

רִקְמָה

noun (fem.) variegated stuff (woven or embroidered);—absolute ר׳ Shoftim 5:30 +; with suffix רִקְמָתֵךְ Yechezkel 16:18, -תָם Yechezkel 26:16; dual רִקְמָתַיִם Shoftim 5:30; plural רְקָמוֹת Tehillim 45:15;—(piece of) variegated stuff, Shoftim 5:30^(×2), for garments Yechezkel 16:10, Yechezkel 16:13; Yechezkel 27:16, Yechezkel 27:24 Tehillim 45:15; explicitly, בִּגְדֵי ר׳ Yechezkel 16:18; Yechezkel 26:16; ר׳ appar. = variegated work Yechezkel 27:7; figuratively of variegated plumage Yechezkel 17:3; of variegated stone Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:2.

רֶ֫קֶם

proper name

m.

a king of Midian Bamidbar 31:8 (Ροκομ), Yehoshua 13:21 (Ροβοκ, A Ροκομ, Septuagint Οροκομ).

a ‘son’ of Hebron Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:43, Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:44, Ρεκομ, Ροκομ, Ρωκημ.

name in Gilead Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:16, SeptuagintL Ρακαμ.

location in Benj., Yehoshua 18:27, Νακαν, A SeptuagintL Ρεκεμ[ν].

רָקַע

verb beat, stamp, beat out, spread out (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Hiph., Aramaic רְקַע Aph., both spread out, and deriv.; Syriac ܪܩܰܥ press down (Lk 6:38 Septuagint), spread out, also consolidate; Arabic رَقَعَ patch, put on a patch, repair, compare Chr-Pal. ܡܪܩܥܐ patch, ܡܪܘܩܥܢܝܬܐ swaddling-bands, Schwally^{Idiot. 90}; Phoenician מרקע platter, or bowl, of gold CIS^{i. 90, 1});—

future (עתיד) 1st singular with suffix אֶרְקָעֵם Shmuel Beis 22:43 I will stamp them down (probably gloss to אֲדִקֵּם preceding, compare Baethgen Tehillim 18:43); imperative (ציווי) רְקַע בְּרַגְלְךָ Yechezkel 6:11 beat (stamp) with thy foot, in token of contemptuous pleasure, compare Davidson (‖ הַכֵּה בְכַפְּךָ); so infinitive (מקור) construct with suffix רַקְעֲךָ בְּרָ֑גֶל Yechezkel 25:6 (‖ מַחְאֲךָ יָד); participle (בינוני) active as noun construct (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 65d) רֹקַע הָאָרֶץ (that is י׳) he that (beateth out) spreadeth out the earth Yeshaya 42:5, רֹקַע הָא׳ Yeshaya 44:24, רוֹקַע הָא׳ Tehillim 136:6.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular with suffix בַּזָּהָב יְרַקְּעֶנּוּ Yeshaya 40:19 a goldsmith with gold over-layeth it (literally beateth it out); 3rd masculine plural וַיְרַקְּעוּ אֶת־ פַּחֵי הַזָּהָב Shemos 39:3 they beat out the plates of gold; with suffix וַיְרַקְּעוּם צִפּוּי Bamidbar 17:4 they beat them out as plating.

participle (בינוני) כֶּסֶף מְרֻקָּ֑ע Yirmiya 10:9 silver beaten out.

future (עתיד) 2nd masculine singular תַּרְקִיעַ עִמּוֹ לִשְׁחָקִים Iyov 37:18 canst thou make with (= like) him a spreading for clouds (spread out clouds; compare רָקִיעַ)?

רָקִיעַ

noun (masc.) ^{Breishis 1:6} extended surface, (solid) expanse (as if beaten out; compare Iyov 37:18);—absolute ר׳ Yechezkel 1:22 +, construct רְ׳ Breishis 1:14 +;—Septuagint στερέωμα, Vulgate firmamentum, compare Syriac under √ above;—

(flat) expanse (as if of ice, compare כְּעֵין הַקֶרַח), as base, support (Winckler^{Altor. Forsch. iv. 347}) Yechezkel 1:22, Yechezkel 1:23, Yechezkel 1:25 (gloss? compare Co Toy), v Yechezkel 1:26 (supporting י׳’sthrone) Yechezkel 10:1. Hence (Co Yechezkel 1:22)

the vault of heaven, or ‘firmament,’ regarded by Hebrews as solid, and supporting ‘waters’ above it, Breishis 1:6, Breishis 1:7^(×3), Breishis 1:8 (called שָׁמַיִם; all P), Tehillim 19:2 (‖ הַשָּׁמַיִם), זֹהַר הָר׳ Daniel 12:3; also הַשָּׁמַיִם ר׳ Breishis 1:14, Breishis 1:15, Breishis 1:17, עַל־פְּנֵי ר׳ הַשּׁ׳ v Breishis 1:20 (all P).*

רַק²

adjective thin;—fpl. רַקּוֹת, of kine, Breishis 41:19, Breishis 41:20, Breishis 41:27 (‖ v Breishis 41:3, Breishis 41:4 דַּקּוֹת).

₁₀₉ adverb with restrictive force, only, altogether, surely (syn. אַךְ);—

only, Breishis 14:24; Breishis 41:40 רַק הַכִּסֵּא אֶגְדַּל מִמֶּךָּ only as regards the throne, etc., Breishis 47:22 רַק אַדְמַת הַכֹּהֲנִים לֹא קָנָה, Breishis 50:8; Shemos 8:5 רַק בַּיְאֹר תִּשָּׁאַרְנָח, Breishis 10:17 וְיָסֵר מֵעָלַי רַק הַמָּוֶת הַזֶּה only this death, Devarim 2:35 (compare Devarim 20:14; Yehoshua 8:2, Yehoshua 8:27), Yehoshua 3:11; Shoftim 6:39 (compare אַךְ ib. Breishis 18:32; Shemos 10:17), Shoftim 11:34 (circ. cl.) רַק הִיא יְחִידָה (there being) only she, an only one, Shmuel Alef 1:13; Amos 3:2 רק אתכם ידעתי only you have I known, etc., Iyov 1:15, Iyov 1:16, Iyov 1:17, Iyov 1:19 וָאִמָּֽלְטָה רַק אֲנִי לְבַדִּי I only, Tehillim 91:8 + often. Once strengthening אַךְ, †Bamidbar 12:2 הֲרַק אַךְ־בְּמשֶׁה דִּבֶּר י׳. And separated (as sometimes in English) from the word actually emphasized, Mishlei 13:10 רַק בְּזָדוֹן יִתֵּן מַצָּה by pride there only cometh [נָתַן 1 z] contention.

prefixed to sentences, to add a limitation on sthg. previously expressed (or implied), Breishis 19:8 only to these men do nothing, Breishis 24:8 רַק אֶת־בְּנִי לֹא־תָשֵׁב הֵ֫נָּה, Shemos 8:24 I will let you go …, only go not far, v Shemos 8:25 Bamidbar 20:19 only—it is nothing—let me pass through on my feet (compare Devarim 2:28); especially in Deut. writers, as Devarim 10:15; Devarim 12:15; Devarim 20:16; Melachim Alef 3:2, Melachim Alef 3:3 (compare Melachim Beis 12:4; Melachim Beis 14:4; Melachim Beis 15:4, Melachim Beis 15:35), Melachim Beis 8:19; Melachim Beis 11:13; Melachim Beis 15:14, Melachim Beis 15:23; Melachim Beis 3:2 (compare Melachim Beis 14:3; Melachim Beis 17:2), etc., Yeshaya 4:1; emphasizing a command, Devarim 4:9; Devarim 12:16, Devarim 12:23 Yehoshua 1:7, Yehoshua 1:18; Yehoshua 6:18; Yehoshua 13:6; Yehoshua 22:5 (all D²).

emphasizing single words, especially adjj., only = nought but, altogether, Breishis 6:5 יֵצֶר מַחְשְׁבוֹת לִבּוֹ רַק רַע is only evil, that is exclusively evil, nought but evil, Breishis 26:29 עָשִׂינוּ עִמְּךָ רַק טוֹב nothing but good, Devarim 28:33 וְהָיִיתָ רַק עָשׁוּק, Yeshaya 28:19 רַק זְוָעָה it shall be nought but terror to, etc., Melachim Alef 14:8 (compare אַךְ 2 b β); followed by an adverb Devarim 28:13 וְהָיִיתָ רַק לְמַ֫עְלָה above only; followed by a verb, Shoftim 14:16 thou dost but hate me.

after a neg., save, except (syn. כִּי אִם 2 a), Melachim Alef 8:9 (= Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:10) אֵין בָּאָרוֹן רַק שְׁנֵי לֻחוֹת הָאֲבָנִים, Melachim Alef 15:5; Melachim Alef 22:16 (= Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:15), Melachim Beis 17:18.

with an affirmative, asseverative force, only, altogether = surely, Breishis 20:11 רַק אֵין יִרְאַת אלהים במקום הזה, Devarim 4:6 (so EV; but Gesenius populus mere sapiens, so Dillmann), Melachim Alef 21:25 Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:10 Tehillim 32:6 רַק לְשֶׁטֶף מים רבים אליו לא יַגִּ֑יעוּ. †f. רַק אִם (רַק prefixed for emph.) if only, provided only, Devarim 15:5 רַק אִם שׁמוע תשׁמע וג׳, Melachim Alef 8:25 (= Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:16) רַק אִם ישׁמרו בניך דרכם ללכת וג׳, Melachim Beis 21:8 (= Divrei HaYamim Beis 33:8).

רָקַק

verb spit (Mishnaic Hebrew, Aramaic רְקַק, ܪܰܩ, all = Biblical Hebrew);—

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָרֹק Vayikra 15:8, c. ב of person spit upon.—compare יָרַק.

רֹק²

n.[m.] spittle;—absolute ר׳ Yeshaya 50:6; Iyov 30:10 (both of contemptuous spitting); with suffix רֻקִּי Iyov 7:19 while I swallow (בָּלַע) my spittle, that is for the briefest time.

רַקַּת

proper name (place) in Naphtali, Yehoshua 19:35; Septuagint (ομαθα) δακεθ, A Ρεκκαθ, SeptuagintL Ρακκαθ; a Jewish trad. identified with Tiberias, Talm^{Jer. Megilla 2b} Nbr^{Geogr. 208 f.} Buhl^{Geogr. 225} G.A. Smith^{Geogr. 447}.

רָשׁ

רָשָׁע

adjective wicked, criminal;—absolute ר׳ Breishis 18:23 +; plural רְשָׁעִים Yeshaya 13:11 +; construct רִשְׁעֵי Tehillim 75:9 + 3 times; fs. רְשָׁעָה Yechezkel 3:18 (del. Co), v Yechezkel 3:19 (רָשָׁע Co);—

usually as noun, one guilty of crime, deserving punishment; sometimes also wicked; opposite צַדִּיק; רָשָׁע Shemos 2:13; Shemos 23:1, Devarim 25:2; Mishlei 17:23; Mishlei 18:5; Mishlei 25:5; Iyov 9:22, Iyov 9:24; coll. Breishis 18:23, Breishis 18:25^(×2) Micha 6:10; Mishlei 3:33; Mishlei 28:4, רשׁעים Shmuel Alef 24:14; Yirmiya 5:26; Mishlei 19:28; Mishlei 20:26; Mishlei 29:12, אנשׁים רשׁעים Shmuel Beis 4:11 (murderers), רָשָׁע לָמוּת Bamidbar 35:31 guilty of death, מוֹשֵׁל ר׳ Mishlei 28:15, compare Mishlei 29:2, הִצְדִּיק ר׳ Shemos 23:7 Yeshaya 5:23; Mishlei 17:15; הִרְשִׁעַ ר׳ Devarim 25:1 Melachim Alef 8:32 = השׁיב לְרָשָׁע Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:23; אמר לר׳ צַדִּיק Mishlei 24:24.

guilty of hostility to God or his people, wicked enemies: רשׁע singular Tehillim 17:13 + 6 times ψψ, Yeshaya 26:10; coll. Tehillim 9:6, Tehillim 9:17; Tehillim 10:2 + 6 times ψψ, Yeshaya 11:4 Chavakuk 3:13; רשׁעים Tehillim 3:8; Tehillim 7:10; Tehillim 9:18 + 5 times ψψ, Yeshaya 48:22; Yeshaya 57:20, Yeshaya 57:21 Yirmiya 25:31 Yechezkel 21:34 Malachi 3:21 (+ (poss.) other cases; often hard to decide); specif. of Pharaoh Shemos 9:27, Babylon Yeshaya 13:11; Yeshaya 14:5, Chaldeans Chavakuk 1:4, Chavakuk 1:13; ‖ שׂנְאֵי יהוה Divrei HaYamim Beis 19:2.

guilty of sin, against either God or man, wicked: האנשׁים הרשׁעים Bamidbar 16:26 (J, rebellious Korahites), Malachi 3:18 (not serving י׳), opposite צַדִּיק; singular indiv. Yechezkel 3:18^(×2); Yechezkel 21:30; Yechezkel 33:8^(×2) Tehillim 11:5; Tehillim 32:10 Mishlei 9:7 +; coll. Yeshaya 3:11 Iyov 34:18; Iyov 36:6, Iyov 36:17; plural רשׁעים Yeshaya 53:9 Yirmiya 23:19 = Yirmiya 30:23, Tzefania 1:3 Tehillim 26:5; Mishlei 10:3; Koheles 8:10 +; ‖ חסידים Shmuel Alef 2:9 (poem), Tehillim 12:9; Tehillim 50:16; Tehillim 97:10; Tehillim 145:20; ‖ עֹזְבֵי תוֹרָתֶ֑ךָ Tehillim 119:53, compare v Tehillim 119:61, +; †אדם ר׳ Mishlei 11:7; Iyov 20:29; Iyov 27:13; אִישׁ ר׳ Mishlei 21:29; מלאך ר׳ Mishlei 13:17; זֶרַע רשׁעים Tehillim 37:28; †עֲצַת רשׁעים Tehillim 1:1; Iyov 10:3; Iyov 21:16; Iyov 22:18; †דֶּרֶךְ רשׁעים Yirmiya 12:1 Tehillim 1:6; Tehillim 146:9; Mishlei 4:19; Mishlei 12:26; דֶּרֶךְ רשׁע Mishlei 15:9; מִדַּרְכּוֹ הָֽרְשָׁעָה Yechezkel 3:18, Yechezkel 3:19 (but see Co, above); †רִשְׁעֵי (ה)ארץ Tehillim 75:9; Tehillim 101:8; Tehillim 119:119 Yechezkel 7:21 (Septuagint Co עריצי).—רָשָׁע is rare before exile; chiefly Ez ψψ WisdLit.

רֶ֫שַׁע

noun (masc.) ^{Shmuel Alef 24:14} wickedness;—absolute ר׳ Micha 6:10 +, רָ֑שַׁע Koheles 3:16; construct (perhaps) רֶ֫שַׁע Koheles 7:25; with suffix רִשְׁעוֹ Devarim 9:27 +, etc.;—

wickedness, as violence and crime against civil law Koheles 3:16^(×2); אֶגְרֹף ר׳ Yeshaya 58:4 fist of wickedness; חַרְצֻבּוֹת ר׳ v Yeshaya 58:6; לֶחֶם ר׳ Mishlei 4:17; מַטֵּה ר׳ Yechezkel 7:11; מֹאזְנֵי ר׳ Micha 6:11; אֹצְרוֹת ר׳ v Micha 6:10, compare Mishlei 10:2; בְּרֶשַׁע Tehillim 141:4; Mishlei 12:3; עשׂות ר׳ Mishlei 16:12; מִרְשָׁעִים יֵצֵא ר׳ Shmuel Alef 24:14 (proverb).

wickedness of enemies: of Egypt Yechezkel 31:11 (doubtful Co; gloss Toy); שֵׁבֶט הר׳ Tehillim 125:3 (Septuagint Siegfried-Stade רָשָׁע).

wickedness, in ethical relations: ‖ חטאת Devarim 9:27 (D²); ‖ עון Yirmiya 14:20; ‖ עולה Hoshea 10:13; opposite צֶדֶק Tehillim 45:8, אֱמֶת Mishlei 8:7; see also Tehillim 5:5; Tehillim 10:15; Iyov 34:10; Iyov 35:8; Koheles 7:25; Koheles 8:8; אַנְשֵׁי ר׳ Iyov 34:8; אָהֳלֵי ר׳ Tehillim 84:11; שׁוּב מֵרִשְׁעוֹ Yechezkel 3:19; Yechezkel 33:12 (see רִשְׁעָה 3).

רִשְׁעָה

noun (fem.) wickedness;—absolute ר׳ Yeshaya 9:17 +; construct רִשְׁעַת Devarim 9:4 +; with suffix רִשְׁעָתוֹ Devarim 25:2 +;—

wickedness in civil relations, Devarim 25:2; Mishlei 13:6; Yeshaya 9:17; בְּרִשְׁעָתוֹ יפּל רָשָׁע Mishlei 11:5.

wickedness of enemies, גְּבוּל ר׳ Malachi 1:4 (Edom); זאת הר׳ Zecharia 5:8 (personif.); לְרִשְׁעָה Yechezkel 5:6 (del. Co); רִשְׁעַת הגוים Devarim 9:4, Devarim 9:5.

wickedness, ethical and religious, עשׂה ר׳ Malachi 3:15, Malachi 3:19, שׁוּב מֵרִשְׁעָתוֹ Yechezkel 18:27; Yechezkel 33:19; רִשְׁעַת (הָ)רָשָׁע Yechezkel 18:20; Yechezkel 33:12.

רִשְׁעָתַיִם

see כּוּשַׁן ר׳ p. 469.

רֶ֫שֶׁף

noun (masc.) ^{Chavakuk 3:5} flame, fire-bolt;—absolute ר׳ Devarim 32:24 +; plural רְשָׁפִים Tehillim 78:48, construct רִשְׁפֵי Tehillim 76:4, רִשְׁפֵּי Shir HaShirim 8:6; with suffix רְשָׁפֶיהָ v Shir HaShirim 8:6;—

flame: ר׳ ר׳ אֵשׁ Shir HaShirim 8:6 its flames (sc. of אַהֲבָה, קִנְאָה) are flames of fire; בְּנֵי ר׳ Iyov 5:7 = sparks; ר׳ = pointed flame of lightning Tehillim 78:48 (‖ בָּרָד); ר׳ קָ֑שֶׁת Tehillim 76:4 sharp flames of the bow, figuratively for arrows.

fire-bolt of י׳, bringing pestilence and death, Devarim 32:24 (compare Driver; ‖ קֶטֶב מְרִירִי), Chavakuk 3:5 (‖ דֶּבֶר).

רֶ֫שֶׁף²

proper name (masc.) in Ephr., Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:25; Σαραφ, A Ρασεφ, SeptuagintL Ρασηφ.

רֶ֫שֶׁת²

net, see ירשׁ.

רָתַח

verb boil (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Ecclus Ben Sira 43:3 Hiph. make hot; Aramaic רְתַח, ܪܬܰܚ boil);—

imperative (ציווי) ms. רַתַּח causat. Yechezkel 24:5 cause to boil, bring to boiling, with a direct object rei.

past (עבר) 3rd plural רֻתְּחוּ Iyov 30:27 my bowels have been made to boil without quiet (figuratively of violent emotion).

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יַרְתִּיחַ כַּסִּיר מְצוּלָה Iyov 41:23 he (the crocod.) maketh the depth boil like the pot.

רָתַם

verb bind, attach (compare Arabic رَتِيمَةٌ thread bound to finger as reminder);—

imperative (ציווי) ms. רְתֹם הַמֶּרְכָּבָה לָרֶכֶשׁ Micha 1:13.

רֹ֫תֶם

noun (masc.) ^{Melachim Alef 19:5} a kind of broom-shrub, broom-plant, retem (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Arabic رَتَمٌ (on form Lagarde^{BN 152}); Targum רִיתְמָא, all = Biblical Hebrew);—absolute ר׳ אֶחָד Melachim Alef 19:5, ר׳ אחת v Melachim Alef 19:4 Kesiv (אֶחָד Keri); plural שֹׁרֶשׁ רְתָמִים לַחְמָם Iyov 30:4 (on text see Budde Cheyne^below); גַּחֲלֵי רְתָמִים Tehillim 120:4, Robinson^{BR i. 84, 203, 205, 500} Löw^{Noldeke. 313} Post^{Hastings, DB, ‘Juniper’} Cheyne^{Ency. Bib. ‘Juniper’}.

רְתֵת

n.[m.] trembling (on form Lagarde^{BN 176} Barth^{§ 7b});—ר׳ Hoshea 13:1 (si vera l.) when Ephr. spoke trembling (Authorized Version Cheyne and elsewhere); Ewald and elsewhere spoke terror; Hitzig Ke Revised Version spoke, there was trembling; text doubtful (see Nowack).