פ

פֶּחָה (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) (Babylonian or Pers.) governor (Assyrian loan-word, Biblical Hebrew the same);—absolute פ׳ Ezra 5:14; construct פַּחַת Ezra 5:3, Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:6, Ezra 6:7, Ezra 6:13; plural emph. פַּתֲוָתָא Daniel 3:2, Daniel 3:3, Daniel 3:27; Daniel 6:8.

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פֶּחָר (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) potter (= paḫḫâr, Targum פַּחָר (also clay), Syriac ܦܰܚܳܪܳܐ; probably loan-wd. from Assyrian paḫâru, potter, compare Brockelmann Zim^Buhl);—absolute פ׳ Daniel 2:41.

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פְּלַח (Aramaic)

verb pay reverence to, serve (deity) (compare Assyrian palâḫu, fear, revere (and Biblical Hebrew יָרֵא, פָּחַד etc.); Egyptian Aramaic פלח worship Lidzbarski ³⁵¹; Targum פְּלַח serve, Syriac ܦܠܰܚ; Palmyrene פלחא soldier);—

pay reverence to deity (usually ל direct object): future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural יִפְלְחוּן Daniel 3:28; Daniel 7:14, Daniel 7:27; so participle (בינוני) active פָּלַח Daniel 6:17, Daniel 6:21, plural פָּֽלְחִין Daniel 3:12, Daniel 3:14, Daniel 3:18, and (direct object dei) v Daniel 3:17.

plural construct as n. פָּֽלְחֵי בֵית אֱלָהָא Ezra 7:24 servants of the house of God (+ priests, Nethinim, etc.).

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פֻּם (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) ^{Daniel 7:8} mouth (compare Biblical Hebrew פֶּה; on form see Kautzsch's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic § 61, 2) Marti's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic § 76 f.);—פ׳ absolute Daniel 7:8, Daniel 7:20, construct Daniel 4:28 +, with suffix פֻּמֵּהּ (on form see K^l.c. Noldeke^{Zur Gram. d. Class. Ar. 15 (1896)} (expansion of biliteral √), Barth^{ZMG xli (1887), 633 f.}) Daniel 7:5;—mouth of king Daniel 4:28, lions Daniel 6:23, beast (in vision) Daniel 7:5, horn (ib.) v Daniel 7:8, Daniel 7:20; mouth of pit Daniel 6:18.

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פַּס (Aramaic)

see פסס.

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פְּסַנְטֵרִין (Aramaic)

n.[m.] a (triangular) stringed instrument (Gk. ψαλτήριον, Krauss^{i. 12, 99, 101; ii. 473} Prince^{EB 3232} Driver ^{Dn 58, and on 3, 5});—פ׳ Daniel 3:7, פְּסַנְתֵּרִין v Daniel 3:5, Daniel 3:10, Daniel 3:15.

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פַּס² (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) palm of hand;—construct Daniel 5:5, emph. פַּסָּא v Daniel 5:24.

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פַּרְזֶל (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) Daniel 2:40 iron (Targum Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew בַּרְזֶל);—absolute Daniel 2:33 (-זֶ֑ל), Daniel 4:12 +; emph. פַּרְזְלָא Daniel 2:34 +;—Daniel 2:33, Daniel 2:34 + 11 times Daniel 2:2; Daniel 4:12, Daniel 4:20; Daniel 5:4, Daniel 5:23; Daniel 7:7, Daniel 7:19.

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פְּרַס (Aramaic)

verb break in two (see Biblical Hebrew פרס);—Peʿîl (W^{CG 224}) past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular פְּרִיסַת מַלְכוּתָךְ Daniel 5:28.

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פָּרַס (Aramaic)

proper name terr. et gent. Persia (as kingdom), Persians (see Biblical Hebrew the same)—;פ׳ Daniel 6:9, Daniel 6:13, Daniel 6:16; פָּרָ֑ס Daniel 5:28; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 6:14.

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פְּרַק (Aramaic)

verb tear away, break off (see Biblical Hebrew [פָּרַק);—

imperative (ציווי) ms. פְּרֻק Daniel 4:24 (compare Driver), direct object of sins + ב instr.

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פְּרַשׁ (Aramaic)

verb make distinct (compare Biblical Hebrew (chiefly late));—

participle (בינוני) passive Ezra 4:18 made distinct (Biblical Hebrew Nechemia 8:8; Targum Mishnaic Hebrew).

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פַּרְשֶׁ֫גֶן (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) Ezra 4:23 copy (Targum -שַׁגְנָא, Syriac ܦܰܪܫܰܓܢܳܐ; Aramaic loan-word in Biblical Hebrew, where also פַּתְשֶׁגֶן the same; loan-word from Pers. (Gesenius' Thesaurus^{1133; Add. 108}), compare Armen. patǧên, copy, Gildemeister^{ZKM iv. 210} Lagarde^{Gesenius. Abh. 79; Armen. Stud. § 1838} Mey^{Enst. J. 22} Hoffmann^{ZA ii. 52}, OIran. *paticayan, the same, according to Andr^{M 79*}; not clear whether פַּר׳ is textual error for פת׳ (Hoffmann^l.c.), or from diff. orig. (Andr^l.c. paračayan? paricayan?), or from same √ in diff. stage (so appar. Scheft⁵², citing, for both, OBaktr. fra-sěṅhana, announcement, OIran. praśaṃsana, praśāsana, command, Arabic frasasti, command, patisêṅhana, answer, OP. *patithaṅhana, announcement, answer));—construct פ׳ Ezra 4:11, Ezra 4:23; Ezra 5:6.

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פְּשַׁר (Aramaic)

verb interpret (a dream) (Targum the same, Syriac ܦܫܰܪ, perhaps EgyptianAramaic פשר Lidzbarski³⁵⁵ SAC¹⁰⁰ (Arabic فسّر loan-word, see Frä²⁶³); Assyrian pašâru);—

infinitive (מקור) לְמִפְשַׁר Daniel 5:16, direct object cogn. פִּשְׁרִין.

participle (בינוני) active מְפַשַּׁר Daniel 5:12, direct object חֶלְמִין.

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פְּשַׁר² (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) Daniel 2:45 interpretation (of dream) (compare Biblical Hebrew as loan-word);—construct פ׳ Daniel 4:3; Daniel 5:15, Daniel 5:26; Daniel 7:16; emph. פִּשְׁרָא Daniel 2:4 + 7 times Dn, + Daniel 4:15, Daniel 4:16 Kesiv (Keri. הּ—ֵ); ה—ָ Daniel 2:7; Daniel 5:12; with suffix הּ—ֵ Daniel 2:5, Daniel 2:6^(×2) + 11 times Dn, + Keri Daniel 4:15, Daniel 4:16 (Kesiv א—ָ); plural פִּשְׁרִין Daniel 5:16.

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פִּתְגָם (Aramaic)

noun (masc.) ^{Ezra 6:11} command, word, affair (Pers.: see Biblical Hebrew);—absolute פ׳ Daniel 3:16; emph. -מָא Ezra 4:17 +;—command Ezra 6:11, word, by missive Ezra 5:7, from king Ezra 4:17 (both c. שְׁלַח), in answer Ezra 5:11 (c. התיב); weakened, thing, affair Daniel 3:16; Daniel 4:14.

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פֵּאָה

noun (fem.) corner, side (part cut off, ‘Abschnitt,’ according to Schraderöter in Me^{Archiv. i. 461} Barth^{ZMG xii (1887), 615} Buhl^Lex, but perhaps bilit., Noldeke^{M. 485} Stade's Hebrew Grammar § 185, and not from √ פאה; compare Arabic فِىَٔةٌ company, etc. (Noldeke^l.c.); Assyrian pâtu, side, edge, border, see especially Meissn^{Suppl. 74}; Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew, Aramaic פָּאתָא, ܦܰܐܬܳܐ );—absolute פ׳ Yirmiya 9:25 + 4 times; construct פְּאַת Amos 3:12 + 77 times; plural absolute פֵּאֹת Shemos 25:26; Shemos 37:23; dual construct פַּאֲתֵי Bamidbar 24:17 (but read probably פְּאַת as ‖ Yirmiya 48:45);—

corner of divan Amos 3:12; table Shemos 25:26, Shemos 37:13; field Vayikra 19:9; Vayikra 23:22; land (probably) וַתַּ לְקֵם לְפֵאָה Nechemia 9:22, that is into every corner; פ׳ רֹאשְׁכֶם Vayikra 19:27 (that is your temples), פ׳ זְקָנֶ֑ךָ v Vayikra 19:27 compare Vayikra 21:5 (all H); קְצוּצֵי פֵאָה those clipped on the temples Yirmiya 9:25; Yirmiya 25:23; Yirmiya 49:32 (epith. of Arabic tribes, Herod. ^{iii, 8} WMM^{As. u. Eur. 140 f.} Wellhausen^{Skizzen iii. 119; Heid. 2, 198}); temples of Moab (under figuratively of man) Bamidbar 24:17 Yirmiya 48:45.

side:

usually of Ezekiel’s temple, the tabern., the holy city and the land, or its subdivisions (only Yechezkel 41-48 [47 times] and P [26 times]): in plur. פְּאַת קָדִ֫ים(ה) East side Yechezkel 47:18 + 17 times Ez, = פ׳ קֵדְמָה Shemos 27:13 + 3 times P and Yechezkel 45:7 (see Co Toy); פ׳ צָפ֫וֹן(ה) North side Yechezkel 47:15 Shemos 26:20 + 9 times; פ׳ נֶגֶב (נֶ֫גְבָּה) South side Yechezkel 47:19^(×2) Shemos 27:9 + 8 times; פ׳ יָם (יָ֫מָּה) West side Yechezkel 45:7 Shemos 27:12 + 21 times + פ׳ דֶּרֶךְ־הַיָּם Yechezkel 41:12 (also פ׳ קָדִים הַיָּם Yechezkel 48:1); absolute only לַפֵּאָה הָאֶחָת Shemos 27:9.

פְּאַת פָּנָיו Vayikra 13:41 side (border) of his face (forehead and temples; P).

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פְּאֵר

noun (masc.) ^{Yechezkel 44:18} head-dress, turban (? orig. ornament);—absolute פ׳ of bridegroom Yeshaya 61:10, sign of joy v Yeshaya 61:3 (opposite mourning, and so) פְּאֵרְךָ Yechezkel 24:17, plural with suffix פְּאֵרֵכֶם v Yechezkel 24:23 (worn by men of position); of priests פַּאֲרֵי פִשְׁתִּים Yechezkel 44:18, פּ׳ הַמִּגְבָּעֹת שֵׁשׁ Shemos 39:28; plural absolute פְּאֵרִים Yeshaya 3:20 (of luxurious women).

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פֹּארָה

noun (fem.) bough;—plural, all in figuratively: of vine, absolute פֹּארֹת Yechezkel 17:6 (Baer פֹּרֹאות); of cedar, with suffix פֹּארֹתוֹ Yechezkel 31:5 (Kesiv; יו—ָ Keri); פֹּארֹתָיו v Yechezkel 31:6, פֹּרֹאתָיו v Yechezkel 31:8, Yechezkel 31:12, Yechezkel 31:13.

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פארה

Kesiv, פּוּרָה Keri noun (fem.)coll. boughs Yeshaya 10:33 (van d. H. Baer פֻּארָה).

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פָּארוּר

n.[m.] meaning doubtful; only קִבְּצוּ פ׳ Nachum 2:11 Yoel 2:6; Gesenius' Thesaurus, all faces gather a glow (glow with dread, from assumed √ פאר), so Wellhausen Nowack; AE Hitzig and elsewhere gather in (their) beauty (√ I. פאר; grow pale); old versions Authorized Version gather blackness (from פָּרוּר a pot!), see Driver; all very uncertain.

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פָּארָן

proper name (place) Paran, Φαραν (compare proper name פארן Sin. Inscr.);—usually מִדְבַּר פ׳ home of Ishmael Breishis 21:21, traversed by Isr. in Exodus Bamidbar 12:16, Bamidbar 10:12; Bamidbar 13:2, Bamidbar 13:26 (all P); it lay NE. from (the traditional) Sinai, with Gulf of Akaba and the ʿArabah as its E. border (s. איל פארן); here was הַר פ׳ Devarim 33:2 Chavakuk 3:3,—perhaps coast-range of mts. along W. shore of Gulf of Akaba; פ׳ alone Melachim Alef 11:18^(×2) (betw. Midian and Egypt); Devarim 1:1 (location doubtful).—Shmuel Alef 25:1 see ii. מָעוֹן under עון.—Vid. Robinson^{BR i, 177 f.} Palmer^{Desert of Exodus, 284 ff.}, Dillmann Driver Dt.

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פִּגּוּל

noun (masc.) ^{Vayikra 7:18} foul thing, refuse, but only as term. techn. of unclean sacrificial flesh;—it is פ׳ if eaten on third day Vayikra 7:18, Vayikra 19:7; compare בְּשַׂר פ׳ Yechezkel 4:14 (undefined); plural מְרַק פִּגֻּלִים Yeshaya 65:4 broth of refuse things (Kesiv פרק), Robertson Smith^{Sem i. 325, 2nd ed. 343} thinks of flesh with the blood; Duhm^{ad location} of mice and other unclean animals.

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פָּגַע

verb meet, encounter, reach (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Aramaic פְּגַע, ܦܓܰܥ; poss. akin to Arabic فَجَأَ, فَجِىَٔ happen to, light upon; فَجَعَ is pain, afflict);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Melachim Alef 2:32 +, with suffix וּפְגָעוֹ consec. Amos 5:19, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיִּפְגַּע Breishis 28:11 +; 1st plural נְפְגַּע Iyov 21:15, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. פְּגַע Shoftim 8:21 +; mpl. פִּגְעוּ Breishis 23:8; infinitive (מקור) construct לִפִגֹּעַ Shmuel Alef 22:17, with suffix פִּגְעוֹ Bamidbar 35:19, Bamidbar 35:21;—

meet, light upon, with a direct object person Shmuel Alef 10:5 Shemos 5:20, c. with suffix person Amos 5:19; פ׳ שׁוֹר Shemos 23:4; c. ב person Breishis 32:2, Bamidbar 35:19, Bamidbar 35:21; c. ב location Breishis 28:11.

meet, with kindness, with a direct object person Yeshaya 64:4 (subj. י׳), so Yeshaya 47:3 according to Ewald De Dillmann and elsewhere; Cheyne^Haupt. אֶפְרַע (reading, with Duhm, אמר for אָדָם).

encounter with hostility, fall upon c. ב person Yehoshua 2:16, Shoftim 8:21; Shoftim 15:12; Shoftim 18:25 Shmuel Alef 22:17, Shmuel Alef 22:18^(×2) Shmuel Beis 1:15 Melachim Alef 2:25, Melachim Alef 2:29, Melachim Alef 2:31, Melachim Alef 2:32, Melachim Alef 2:34, Melachim Alef 2:46 Rus 2:22; of God, with a direct object (with suffix), + ב instr. Shemos 5:3.

encounter with request, entreat, c. ב person Yirmiya 7:16 Iyov 21:15, followed by cl. Yirmiya 27:18 Rus 1:16, + ל person on whose behalf Breishis 23:8.

strike, touch, of boundary, c. ב location Yehoshua 16:7; Yehoshua 19:11, Yehoshua 19:22, Yehoshua 19:26, Yehoshua 19:27, Yehoshua 19:34^(×2), compare Yehoshua 17:10; c. אֶל location Yehoshua 19:11.

cause to light upon, past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הִפְגִּיעַ with a direct object rei + ב person Yeshaya 53:6.

cause one (direct object) to entreat 1st singular הִפְגַּעְתִּי (ב person) Yirmiya 15:11 (otherwise Giesebrecht; Co del. see as gloss).

make entreaty, 3rd plural הִפְגִּעוּ Yirmiya 36:25 c. ב person; more generally interpose, future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יַפְגִּיעַ Yeshaya 53:12, c. ל person in whose behalf; participle (בינוני) מַפְגִּיעַ Yeshaya 59:16 one interposing.

make attack, only participle (בינוני) Iyov 36:32 assailant, but Olshausen Budde Duhm and elsewhere מִפְגָּע mark.

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פֶּ֫גַע

noun (masc.) occurrence, chance;—absolute פ׳ Melachim Alef 5:18 evil occurrence; Koheles 9:11 time and chance.

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פַּגְעִיאֵל

noun (masc.) Asherite, Φαγαιηλ, -εηλ;—Bamidbar 1:13; Bamidbar 2:27; Bamidbar 7:72, Bamidbar 7:77; Bamidbar 10:26.

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פֶּ֫גֶר

noun (masc.) ^{Yeshaya 14:19} corpse, carcass;—absolute פ׳ Yeshaya 14:19 +, פָּ֑גֶר Nachum 3:3; construct פֶּגֶר Shmuel Alef 17:46; plural פְּגָרִים Melachim Beis 19:35 +; construct פִּגְרֵי Yirmiya 33:5; with suffix פִּגְרֵיכֶם Vayikra 26:30 +, etc.;—

of men, singular Yeshaya 14:19; usually plural Yeshaya 34:3; Yeshaya 66:24 Yirmiya 31:40; Yirmiya 33:5; Yirmiya 41:9 Yechezkel 6:5; Yechezkel 43:7, Yechezkel 43:9 Vayikra 26:30 Bamidbar 14:29, Bamidbar 14:32, Bamidbar 14:33 Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:24,—v Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:25 read probably בְגָדִים, so Septuagint (?), Vulgate Be Krochm Kau Kittel;—פְּגָרִים מֵתִים Melachim Beis 19:35 = Yeshaya 37:36; singular coll. Shmuel Alef 17:46, רַב־הַפֶּגֶר Amos 8:3, כֹּבֶד־פ׳ Nachum 3:3; figuratively of idols פִּגְרֵי גִּלּוּלֵיכֶם Vayikra 26:30.

of animals Breishis 15:11.

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פָּדָה

verb ransom (Mishnaic Hebrew in deriv.; Phoenician in proper name; Assyrian padû, the same, Arabic فَدَى; Ethiopic ፈደየ; Min. פדית redeemed or purchased land Mordt^{Beitr. 23});—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פָּדָה Vayikra 27:27 +; with suffix פָּֽדְךָ Iyov 5:20; 2nd masculine singular פָּדִיתָ Devarim 9:26 +, etc.; future (עתיד) יִפְדֶּה Tehillim 49:8 +, etc.; imperative (ציווי) פְּדֵה Tehillim 25:22; with suffix פְּדֵנִי Tehillim 26:11 + 3 times; infinitive (מקור) absolute פָּדֹה Bamidbar 18:15 Tehillim 49:8; construct לִפְדּוֹת Shmuel Beis 7:23 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:2; participle (בינוני) active פּוֹדֶה Tehillim 34:23; with suffix פֹּדְךָ Devarim 13:6; passive plural construct פְּדוּיֵי Yeshaya 35:10; Yeshaya 51:11 Bamidbar 3:49; also absolute פְּדוּיִם Bamidbar 3:51 (Keri; Kesiv פדים), construct פְּדוּיֵי v Bamidbar 3:46; with suffix פְּדוּיָו Bamidbar 18:16 (all n. abstr. according to Dillmann Konig^{ii. 1, 138}, see פְּדוּיִם, פִּדְיֹם below);—ransom:

for an assessed price Shemos 13:13, Shemos 13:15; Shemos 34:20, Vayikra 27:27 Bamidbar 3:46, Bamidbar 3:48, Bamidbar 3:49, Bamidbar 3:51; Bamidbar 18:15, Bamidbar 18:16, Bamidbar 18:17.

from violence and death Shmuel Alef 14:45 Iyov 6:23 Tehillim 49:8.

God subj. (underlying thought of payment):

from Egypt, c. מִן, מִבֵּית עֲבָדִים Devarim 7:8; Devarim 13:6 Micha 6:4; מִנִּי־צָר Tehillim 78:42; ממצרים Shmuel Beis 7:23 (but del. פָּדִיתָ Gei^{Urschr. 288} Wellhausen Driver and elsewhere) = Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:21; מִשָּׁם Devarim 24:18; absolute Devarim 9:26; Devarim 15:15; Devarim 21:8 Nechemia 1:10.

from exile, Yirmiya 31:11 Zecharia 10:8; פְּדוּיֵי י׳ יְשֻׁבוּן Yeshaya 35:10 = Yeshaya 51:11.

in generally Hoshea 7:13; מִכֹּל צָרוֹתָיו Tehillim 25:22; מִכֹּל עֲוֹנוֹתָיו Tehillim 130:8.

with a direct object individ. Tehillim 26:11; Tehillim 31:6; Tehillim 44:27; Tehillim 69:19; Abraham Yeshaya 29:22; פ׳ נפשׁ Tehillim 34:23; Tehillim 71:23; + מכל צרה Shmuel Beis 4:9 Melachim Alef 1:29; מֵעֲבֹר בַּשָּׁ֑חַת Iyov 33:28; מִקְּרָב־לִי Tehillim 55:19; מִמָּוֶת Iyov 5:20; מיד שׁאול Tehillim 49:16 Hoshea 13:14; מֵעשֶׁק אָדָם Tehillim 119:134; מִכַּף עָרִיצִים Yirmiya 15:21.

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular (+ Hoph. infinitive (מקור) absolute) הָפְדֵּה לֹא נִפְדָּ֑תָה Vayikra 19:20 she hath not been at all ransomed (from bondage); future (עתיד) יִפָּדֶה Vayikra 27:29 (from ban); 3rd feminine singular צִיּוֹן בְּמִשְׁפָּט תִּפָּדֶ֑ה Yeshaya 1:27.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular with suffix וְהֶפְדָּהּ Shemos 21:8 he shall let her be ransomed. Hiph. infinitive (מקור) absolute see Niph.

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פָּדוֹן

proper name (masc.) (ransom; compare Phoenician פדי) head of family of Nethinim Ezra 2:44 Nechemia 7:46; Φαδων.

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פְּדוּת

noun (fem.) ransom; פ׳ Tehillim 111:9 + 2 times; פְּדֻת Shemos 8:19;—from exile Yeshaya 50:2; from iniquities Tehillim 130:7; in generally Tehillim 111:9, שַׂמְתִּי פְדֻת בֵּין עַמִּי וּבֵין עְמֶּ֑ךָ Shemos 8:19 I will set a ransom (distinguishing) between my people and thy people Targum, but improb. and text doubtful; Septuagint Peshitta Vulgate set a distinction (reading what?).

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פִּדְיוֹם

noun (masc.) ransom;—Bamidbar 3:49, read probably פְּדוּיִם (so Sam.); פִּדְיֹם v Bamidbar 3:51 Kesiv (Keri פְּדוּיִם);—see פדה Qal participle (בינוני) passive, and פְּדוּיִם above

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פִּדְיוֹן

noun (masc.) the same;—פּ׳ נֶפֶשׁ Shemos 21:30; Tehillim 49:9.

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פְּדַהְאֵל

proper name (masc.) (Ēl hath ransomed; compare Phoenician בעלפדה; Assyrian Pudu-ilu, Pudi-ilu Cuneiform Inscriptions & the Old Testament^Gloss.);—prince of Naphtali Bamidbar 34:28; Φαδαηλ.

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פְּדָהצוּר

proper name (masc.) (the Rock hath ransomed) Manassite, Bamidbar 1:10; Bamidbar 2:20; Bamidbar 7:54, Bamidbar 7:59; Bamidbar 10:23 Φαδασσουρ.

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פְּדָיָהוּ

proper name (masc.) (י׳ hath ransomed; in late Babylonian Padâma, Hilpr^{Univ. Pa. Exp. ix. 27, 68});—פְּדָיָה:

father-in-law of Josiah Melachim Beis 23:36, but Septuagint Εδειλ (SeptuagintL Ιερεμιας, from v Melachim Beis 23:31).

father of Zerub. Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:18, Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:19.

Nechemia 3:25.

Nechemia 8:4.

Benjamite Nechemia 11:7.

Levite Nechemia 13:13.

פְּדָיָהוּ, Manassite Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:20—Septuagint (except 1) Φα(λ)δαιας, etc.

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פֶּה

noun (masc.) Yehoshua 9:2 mouth (probably bilit. [פו, פי] Stade's Hebrew Grammar § 183; Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Phoenician לפי according to; Assyrian pû, mouth; Arabic فُوهٌ, فَاهٌ, فِيهٌ; Ethiopic አፍ; Syriac ܠܦܽܘܬ according to; but also Arabic فَمّ, فُمّ, فِمّ, Biblical Aramaic פֻּם, Targum פּוּמָא; Syriac ܦܽܘܡܳܐ; Mand. פומא Noldeke^{Marti's Grammar of Biblical Aramaic § 87});—absolute פ׳ Shemos 4:10 +, construct פִּי Yeshaya 1:20 +; with suffix 1st singular פִּי Breishis 45:12 +, 2nd masculine singular פִּיךָ Breishis 41:40 +, 3rd masculine singular פִּיו Breishis 25:28 +, פִּיהוּ Shemos 4:15 +, 3rd masculine plural פִּיהֶם Shoftim 7:6 +, פִּימוֹ Tehillim 17:10 + 2 times, etc.; plural פִּיּוֹת Mishlei 5:4, פֵיוֹת (שְׁנֵי) Shoftim 3:16, פִּיפִיּוֹת Yeshaya 41:15 Tehillim 149:6; פִּים Shmuel Alef 13:21 (corrupt, see Driver and elsewhere);—

mouth, of man, organ of eating and drinking Breishis 25:28 Shoftim 7:6 Shmuel Alef 14:26, Shmuel Alef 14:27 Nechemia 9:20 Mishlei 19:24 = Mishlei 26:15 +; figuratively as finding things sweet Iyov 20:12 Tehillim 119:103; figuratively of earth Breishis 4:11, swallowing Korah, etc. Bamidbar 16:30, Bamidbar 16:32; Bamidbar 26:10 Devarim 11:6; figuratively also of She’ôl, וּפָֽעֲרָה פִיהָ Yeshaya 5:14, compare Tehillim 69:16.

external organ, וַיָּשֶׂם פִּיו עַל־פִּיו Melachim Beis 4:34 Mishlei 30:20; of kissing Melachim Alef 19:18 Shir HaShirim 1:2; וַתִּשַּׁק יָדִי לְפִי Iyov 31:27; compare phr. שִׂים יָד עַל־פֶּה (of keeping silence) Shoftim 18:19 Micha 7:16 Iyov 21:5, compare Iyov 29:9; Iyov 40:4 Mishlei 30:32; of mocking triumph פָּעַר עָלַי בְּפ׳ Iyov 16:10; הִרְחִיב פ׳ עַל Tehillim 35:21 Yeshaya 57:4, also רָחַב פִּי עַל Shmuel Alef 2:1.

of י׳ in theoph., sending out fire Shmuel Beis 22:9 = Tehillim 18:9.

much oftener, as organ of speech, of man: פ׳ speaks Breishis 45:12 Shmuel Beis 1:16 Yeshaya 9:16 Iyov 9:20; Iyov 15:5, Iyov 15:6 Tehillim 37:30 +; speak בְּמוֹ־פִי Iyov 19:16; open פ׳, אֶל־י׳ Shoftim 11:35, Shoftim 11:36, absolute Iyov 3:1; Iyov 33:2 +; shut פ׳ (be silent) Yeshaya 52:15, compare חָשַׂךְ פ׳ Iyov 7:11, and (of iniquity, personif.) קָפַץ פ׳ Iyov 5:16 Tehillim 107:42; guard פ׳, Mishlei 13:3 (נָצַר), Mishlei 21:23 (שָׁמַר), compare שָׁמַר פִּתְחֵי פ׳ Micha 7:5, also Tehillim 39:2 (see שׁמר); words, etc., are in (ב) mouth Shmuel Beis 17:5; Shmuel Beis 18:25 Devarim 30:14 Melachim Alef 17:24; שִׂים דְּבָרִים בְּפ׳ Shmuel Beis 14:3, Shmuel Beis 14:19 Shemos 4:15, also (God subj.) Bamidbar 22:38; Bamidbar 23:12, Bamidbar 23:16 +; of utterance יָצָא מִפּ׳ Shoftim 11:36 Bamidbar 30:3; Bamidbar 32:24 Yehoshua 6:10 +; depart from mouth (cease to be mentioned) מוּשׁ מִפּ׳ Yehoshua 1:8 Yeshaya 59:21, compare נִכְרַת מִפּ׳ Yirmiya 7:28, לֹא יִשָּׁמַע עַל־פִּיךָ Shemos 23:13; אִמְרֵי פ׳ Devarim 32:1 words of my mouth, so Iyov 8:2 Tehillim 19:15; Tehillim 54:4; דִּבְרֵי פ׳ Tehillim 36:4 Koheles 10:12, Koheles 10:13; of agency, בְּפּ׳ by the mouth of Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:21, Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:22 = מִפּ׳ Ezra 1:1; דִּבֶּר פִּיו עִם־פִּיו Yirmiya 32:4 speak mouth to mouth (compare Yirmiya 34:3 Bamidbar 12:8); פ׳ = speech Yeshaya 29:13 Tehillim 49:14 Koheles 10:13; כְּבַד פ׳ Shemos 4:10 heavy of speech (not eloquent); אֶהְיֶה עִם־פ׳ v Shemos 4:12, Shemos 4:15, that is aid thee in speaking; יִהְיֶה־לְּךָ לְפ׳ v Shemos 4:16 he shall be mouth for thee; מִפִּיו יִקְרָא אֵלַי Yirmiya 36:18, that is dictate; כָּתַב מִפּ׳ see כָּתַב 1 b (3); bad qualities ascribed to it, עִקְּשׁוּת פ׳ Mishlei 4:24; Mishlei 6:12; פִּי תַהְפֻּכוֹת Mishlei 8:13; פֶּה חָלָק Mishlei 26:28; אַל־תַּגְדֵּל פ׳ Ovadia 1:12, compare Micha 6:12 Yechezkel 35:13.

as laughing Iyov 8:21 Tehillim 126:2; panting Tehillim 119:131.

of God; his mouth speaks Yeshaya 1:20; Yeshaya 40:5 Yirmiya 9:11 +; he speaks בְּפ׳ Melachim Alef 8:15, Melachim Alef 8:34; wd. proceeds מִפּ׳ Devarim 8:3 Yeshaya 45:23 +; פֶּה אֶל־פֶּה אֲדַבֵּר בּוֹ Bamidbar 12:8; he creates בְּרוּחַ פִּיו Tehillim 33:6; he executes judgment בְּשֵׁבֶט פִּיו Yeshaya 11:4; especially = command: עָבַר אֶת־פִּי י׳ Shmuel Alef 15:24 Bamidbar 14:41; Bamidbar 22:18; Bamidbar 24:13 Mishlei 8:29; פ׳ (אֶת־) מָרָה Shmuel Alef 12:14, Shmuel Alef 12:15 Bamidbar 20:24 Melachim Alef 13:21 +; compare 6 d.

of idols, Tehillim 115:5; Tehillim 136:16, Tehillim 136:17.

of musical instr. = sound Amos 6:5 (compare 6 d).

of animals: bird Breishis 8:11 (carrying), Yeshaya 10:14 (chirping); ass Bamidbar 22:28 (speaking); bear, lion Shmuel Alef 17:35 (seizing), Amos 3:12 (the same), hippop. Iyov 40:23 (drinking), crocod. Iyov 41:11, Iyov 41:13 (breathing flame); also of human foes, under figuratively of ravenous beasts Tehillim 22:22 Yechezkel 21:27; Yechezkel 34:10; פָּצָה פ׳ עַל Tehillim 22:14 Eicha 2:16; Eicha 3:46; hence of edge of sword, חֶרֶב פִּיּוֹת Mishlei 5:4 a sword with edges (in simile), = ח׳ פִּיפִיּוֹת Tehillim 149:6; compare Shoftim 3:16; see also 6 c (2), below; בַּעַל פִּיפִיּוֹת Yeshaya 41:15, of מוֹרַג.

mouth = opening, orifice; of well Breishis 29:2, Breishis 29:3^(×2), Breishis 29:8, Breishis 29:10; cave Yehoshua 10:18, Yehoshua 10:22, Yehoshua 10:27; ravine, abyss Yirmiya 48:28 (si vera l., compare Giesebrecht); also of Sh^e’ôl Tehillim 141:7; of a sack Breishis 42:27; Breishis 43:12, Breishis 43:21; Breishis 44:1, Breishis 44:2, Breishis 44:8; ephah Zecharia 5:8; high-priest’s robe Shemos 28:32 + 5 times, compare probably Tehillim 133:2; tunic Iyov 30:18; of a round opening also Melachim Alef 7:31^(×3) (on text and meaning see Benzinger Kittel); of mouth of Nile Yeshaya 19:7 (others brink); gate of city Mishlei 8:3 (but read perhaps לִפְנֵי, see Toy).

extremity, end פֶּה לָפֶה from end to end, of a temple Melachim Beis 10:21; city Melachim Beis 21:16, מִפֶּה אֶל־פֶּה of land Ezra 9:11.

= portion, פִּי שְׁנַיִם †Devarim 21:17 Melachim Beis 2:9 Zecharia 13:8.

with preps.:—

אֶל פִּי, see below d(2).

כְּפִי: (a) according to the command of, Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:23; (b) according to the mouth of, that is in proportion to (compare Assyrian ki-i pi-i, Delitzsch^HWB325), †Shemos 16:21 they gathered it אִישׁ כְּפִי אָכְלוֹ each in proportion to his eating (v Shemos 16:16, Shemos 16:18 לְפִי), Vayikra 25:52 כְּפִי שָׁנָיו according to the number of his years (compare v Shemos 16:16 לְפִי); Bamidbar 6:21; Bamidbar 7:5 אִישׁ כְּפִי עֲבֹדָתוֹ (so Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:2), Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:7, Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:8; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:8 (all P); Iyov 33:6 הֵן־אֲנִי כְפִיךָ לָאֵל I am in the proportion of thee as regards God, that is I stand towards God even as thou dost. As conjunction, כְּפִי אֲשֶׁר, †Malachi 2:9 כְּפִי אֲשֶׁר אֵינְכֶם שֹׁמְרִים אֶת־דְּרָכַי direct object as ye do not keep, etc.; and without אשׁר Zecharia 2:4 כְּפִי אִישׁ־לֹא נָשָׂא רֹאשׁוֹ in such proportion that none did lift up his head (but Wellhausen Nowack אֲשֶׁר for אִישׁ, that it, Judah, did not, etc.).

לְפִי, nearly i.q. כְּפִי (see לְ 5 i b), but more common (compare Aramaic לְפוּם, ܠܦܽܘܬ ): (1) †Breishis 47:12 לְפִי הַטָּ֑ף, Shemos 12:4 ye shall compute אִישׁ לְפִי אָכְלוֹ each according to his eating (according to the quantity which his family will consume), Shemos 16:16, Shemos 16:18 Vayikra 25:16 לְפִי רֹב הַשָּׁנִים, v Vayikra 25:16, Vayikra 25:51; Vayikra 27:16 לְפִי זַרְעוֹ, Bamidbar 26:54 Yehoshua 18:4 Melachim Alef 17:1 לְפִי דְבָרִי כִּי אִם־, Hoshea 10:12 קִצְרוּ לְפִי חֶסֶד (‖ לִצְדָקָה), Mishlei 12:8; Mishlei 27:21: followed by inf. Bamidbar 9:17 לְפִי הֵעָלוֹת הֶעָנָן = direct object as the cloud was lifted up, Yirmiya 29:10. (2) in the phr. לְפִי חֶרֶב according to the mouth, or measure, of the sword, that is as the sword devours, without quarter, Breishis 34:26 Shemos 17:13 Bamidbar 21:24 + often

עַל פִּי: (1) according to (עַל) 1st feminine a) the mouth of, that is (α) the command of, Breishis 41:40; Breishis 45:21 Shemos 17:1; Shemos 38:21 Bamidbar 3:16, Bamidbar 3:39 + (especially P), Melachim Beis 23:35; (β) the evidence or sentence of, Devarim 17:6 עַל־פִּי עֵד אֶחָד, Devarim 19:15; Devarim 21:5 (on עַל־פִּי הַנָּ֑כֶל Amos 6:5, see 2 e above). (2) according to the measure of, in accordance with, †Breishis 43:7 we told him על פי הדברים האלה according to these words (that is the questions Joseph asked), Shemos 34:27 in accordance with these words, Vayikra 27:8 על־פי אשׁר תַּשִּׂיג יַד הנֹּדֵר according to what the hand of the vower can reach to, v Vayikra 27:18 (compare לְפִי Vayikra 25:16, Vayikra 25:51), Devarim 17:10, Devarim 17:11 Shmuel Beis 13:32 (but see שׂוּמָה), Mishlei 22:6 חֲנֹךְ לַנַּעַר על פי דרכו. In the same sense אֶל פִּ׳, †Yehoshua 15:13; Yehoshua 17:4; Yehoshua 21:3.

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פֹּה

and (Yechezkel 40-41, Yechezkel 23 out of 35 times) פּוֹ, also †Iyov 38:11 פֹּא, adverblocation here, hither (probably from the same demonst. √ found in ف so, then (often in apod.), אַף, אֵפוֹא: compare Konig^{ii. 1, 247 f., 243, 331 f.}):—

here:

Breishis 19:12 עֹד מִי־לְךָ פֹה whom hast thou still here? Breishis 22:5 שְׁבוּ לָכֶם פֹּה, Breishis 40:15; Bamidbar 22:8; Bamidbar 32:16 Devarim 5:25; Devarim 12:8 Shoftim 4:20 הֲיֵשׁ פֹּה אִישׁ, Melachim Beis 3:11, etc.; asked in some surprise, Shoftim 18:3 מַה־לְּךָ פֹה = what is thy business here? simil. †Melachim Alef 19:9, Melachim Alef 19:13; Yeshaya 22:16; Yeshaya 52:5 וְעַתָּה מַה־לִּי־פֹה. Cf. the syn. בָּזֶה, כֹּה 2.

עַד־פֹּה †Iyov 38:11.

מִפֹּה or מִפּוֹ, only Yechezkel 40-41, and always (except Yechezkel 40:12, where it must be supplied with Septuagint Peshitta) repeated, on this side … on that side (compare מִזֶּה … מִזֶּה), Yechezkel 40:10^(×2), Yechezkel 40:12, b, Yechezkel 40:21^(×2), etc.

with the interrog. אֵי, אֵיפֹה where? see p. 33.

after a verb of motion, hither, Shmuel Alef 16:11 עַד־בֹּאוֹ פֹה, Ezra 4:2.

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פּוּאָה

proper name (masc.) in Issachar, Φουα, etc.;—פּוּאָה Shoftim 10:1 (see G.F. Moore), Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:1; פֻּוָּה Breishis 46:13; Bamidbar 26:3.

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פּוּחַ

verb breathe, blow (Mishnaic Hebrew פּוּחַ blow out; Arabic (فوخ), فَاخَ = Hebrew, so Aramaic פּוּחַ, ܦܳܚ );—

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָפוּחַ הַיּוֹם Shir HaShirim 2:17; Shir HaShirim 4:6 until the day breathes, that is grows cool.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָפִיחַ Tehillim 10:5 +; יָפִחַ Mishlei 14:25; וְיָפֵחַ Chavakuk 2:3, etc.; imperative (ציווי) fs. הָפִיחִי Shir HaShirim 4:16;—

cause garden (direct object) to exhale (sc. odours) Shir HaShirim 4:16.

puff, snort, against, ב person, Tehillim 10:5.

עַל person, Yechezkel 21:36 with the fire of my wrath will I blow against thee.

excite, inflame city Mishlei 29:8.

c. לוֹ Tehillim 12:6 puff, = pant for it (so most; Gesenius' Thesaurus Hitzig and elsewhere against whom men puff; Baethgen אֹפִיעַ לוֹ I will shine forth to him); לַקֵּץ Chavakuk 2:3 the vision panteth (hasteth) towards the end (so most).

breathe out, utter, כְּזָבִים Mishlei 6:19; Mishlei 14:5, Mishlei 14:25; Mishlei 19:5, Mishlei 19:9, אֱמוּנָה Mishlei 12:17.

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פִּיחַ

n.[m.] soot, Septuagint αἰθάλη (? wafted about);—construct פ׳ (הַ)כִּבְשָׁן Shemos 9:8, Shemos 9:10 furnace-soot.

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פּוּט

proper namegent. probably Libyans, or Lib. tribe; usually named with African peoples: Nachum 3:9; Yirmiya 46:9; Yechezkel 27:10; Yechezkel 30:5; Yechezkel 38:5 (Septuagint usually Λίβυες); Breishis 10:6 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:8 (Φουδ); + Yeshaya 66:19 (for Masoretic Text פּוּל; Septuagint Φουδ),—vid. Dillmann Breishis 10:6 Jen^{ZA x. 325 ff.}.

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פּוּטִיאֵל

proper name (masc.) Eleazar’s father-in-law Shemos 6:25, Φουτιηλ.

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פּוֹטִיפַר

proper name (masc.) Joseph’s master (abbrev. from following);—Breishis 37:36, Breishis 39:1 (R^J), Πετεφρης, etc.

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פּוֹטִי פֶ֫רַע

proper name (masc.) priest of On, Joseph’s father-in-law (Egyptian Pʾ-diʾ-pʾ-Rʿ, that is he whom the Ra gave, see Sethe^{De aleph prosthetico in ling. aeg. (1892), 31}; Driver in Hastings^DB);—Breishis 41:45, Breishis 41:50, Breishis 46:20, Πετεφρης, A Πετρεφης.

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פּוּךְ

n.[m.] antimony, stibium (Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; compare poss. Arabic فَكَّ open, separate; Syriac ܦܰܟ pulverize; but פּוּךְ perhaps foreign word);—black mineral powder, for increasing brilliance of eyes by darkening edges of lids; וַתָּשֶׂם בַּפּ׳ עֵינֶיהָ Melachim Beis 9:30, תִּקְרְעִי וגו׳ Yirmiya 4:30; (on practice in Arabic see Wellhausen^{GGN, 1893, 443}; in Egypt, Lane^{Mod. Egyptian ed. 5, i. 45f.}); figuratively Yeshaya 54:11 of dark cement setting off precious stones (but Wellhausen^{DLZ, Aug. 2, 1890} Cheyne^Haupt. and elsewhere read נֹפֶךְ q.see); אַבְנֵי פ׳ Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:2 are perhaps stones of brilliant hue of antimony.—Cf. proper name קֶרֶן הַפּוּךְ, and כָּחַל.

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פּוּל

proper name (masc.) = תִּגְלַת פְּלֶאסֶר (q.see) (Assyrian Pulu; Babylonian name of TP, Schrader^{SBAk 1887, 592; KB ii, 287, compare 277} Tiele^{Gesch. 266f.}; compare (through Pers. trad., EMey^{Entstehung, 30}) Πῶρος, Canon of Ptol. Schrader's Keilinschriften^{2, 490}); Melachim Beis 15:19^(×2); Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:26, Φουα[λ].—Yeshaya 66:19, see פוט.

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פּוּן

verb (?); only אָפוּנָה Tehillim 88:16; read probably אֶפּוֹגָה, see פוג, אָפוּגָה.

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פּוּעָה

proper namef. a midwife Shemos 1:15, Φουα.

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פּוּץ

verb be dispersed, scattered (Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; perhaps akin to Arabic فَضَّ break asunder, scatter);—

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural יָפוּצוּ Tehillim 68:2, יָפֻצוּ Yechezkel 46:18 +; 3rd feminine plural וַתְּפוּצֶינָה Yechezkel 34:5 +, וּתְפוּצֶינָה Zecharia 13:7, etc.; imperative (ציווי) mpl. פֻּצוּ Shmuel Alef 14:34; participle (בינוני) passive plural with suffix פּוּצַי Tzefania 3:10 (see below);—be dispersed, disperse, בָּעָם Shmuel Alef 14:34; be scattered, of enemies Shmuel Alef 11:11; Bamidbar 10:35 Tehillim 68:2; of Isr. (among nations) under figuratively of flock Yechezkel 34:5^(×2); Zecharia 13:7; בַּת־פּוּצַי Tzefania 3:10 is probably crpt., and v Tzefania 3:9, Tzefania 3:10 gloss see Schwally^{journal ZAW x (1890), 203} Nowack Davidson; of besieging army Shmuel Beis 20:22 (מֵעַל הָעִיר); people from (מִן) possessions Yechezkel 46:18; men (from Babel) Breishis 11:4 (עַל location).

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular נָפ֫וֹצָה Yirmiya 10:21, 3rd plural נָ֫פֹצוּ Breishis 10:18 +, 2nd masculine plural נְפֹצֹתֶם Yechezkel 11:17 +, etc.; participle (בינוני) f. נָפ֫וֹצֶת Shmuel Beis 18:8 Keri (> Kesiv נפצות) compare Driver and elsewhere; plural נְפֹצִים Melachim Alef 22:17, נְפוֹצִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:16;—

be scattered, of army Melachim Beis 25:5 (מֵעַל person) = Yirmiya 52:8, Melachim Alef 22:17 (אֶל location) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:16 (עַל), compare Yirmiya 40:15 (absolute); of dispersed Isr. c. ב location Yechezkel 11:17; Yechezkel 20:34, Yechezkel 20:41; Yechezkel 28:25, as flock Yirmiya 10:21; Yechezkel 34:6 (עַל location), v Yechezkel 34:12 (שָׁם); Egyptians Yechezkel 29:13 (שָׁמָּה); of battle scattered over country by defeat Shmuel Beis 18:8.

be spread abroad, of peoples Breishis 10:18.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular consec. וְהֵפִיץ Devarim 4:27 +, 1st singular consec. וַהֲפִיצוֹתִי Yechezkel 22:15, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָפִיץ Iyov 37:11, וַיָּ֫פֶץ Breishis 11:8 +, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. הָפֵץ Iyov 40:11; infinitive (מקור) construct לְהָפִיץ Yechezkel 20:23, etc.;—

trans. scatter:

with a direct object person Breishis 11:8, Breishis 11:9 (עַל location), Yeshaya 41:16; Chavakuk 3:14; c. ב Breishis 49:7; Isr. among (ב) nations Devarim 4:27; Devarim 28:64; Yirmiya 9:15; Yechezkel 11:16; Yechezkel 12:15; Yechezkel 20:23; Yechezkel 22:15; Yechezkel 36:19; Nechemia 1:8; c. שׁם(ה) Devarim 30:3; Yirmiya 30:11; c. אֶל location Yechezkel 34:21; absolute Yirmiya 13:24; Yirmiya 18:17, under figuratively of flock Yirmiya 23:1, Yirmiya 23:2; Gratz reads אֲפִיצֵם also Devarim 32:26 (see [פאה]); Egyptians (c. ב) Yechezkel 29:12; Yechezkel 30:23, Yechezkel 30:26; inhab. of earth Yeshaya 24:1.

with a direct object rei, arrows (figuratively for lightnings) Shmuel Beis 22:15 = Tehillim 18:15, Tehillim 144:6; cloud Iyov 37:11; הָפֵץ עַבְרוֹת אַפֶּ֑ךָ Iyov 40:11 (that is lightnings?); seed Yeshaya 28:25.

וֶהֱפִיצֻהוּ Iyov 18:11 and drive him (si vera l., vid. conjunction in Budde).

intrans., scatter, c. ב location Shemos 5:12, c. מֵעַל person Shmuel Alef 13:8; of wind Iyov 38:24 (עַל location).

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פּוּץ²

verb flow, overflow (Arabic فَاضَ flow, compare Barth^{ES 69});—

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural יָפוּצוּ Mishlei 5:16 of springs, figuratively for sources of pleasure; 3rd feminine plural תְּפוּצֶנָה עָרַי מִטּוֹב Zecharia 1:17 my cities shall overflow with good.

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פּוּר

noun (masc.) lot (Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; perhaps Assyrian loan-word from puru, buru, stone Jen^{ZA x. 339 f.} and in Wild ^{Est p. 173 f.});—expl. by הַגּוֹרָל Esther 3:7; Esther 9:24; שֵׁם הַפּוּר v Esther 9:26 explains name of feast פּוּרִים v Esther 9:26; יְמֵי הַפֻּרִים days of Purim v Esther 9:28, Esther 9:31; אִגֶּרֶת הַפּ׳ v Esther 9:29, דִּבְרֵי הַפּ׳ v Esther 9:32.—Vid. on Purim especially Nowack^{Arch. ii. 194 ff.} and reff.

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פור

(√ following; poss. foam, compare Arabic ((فور), فَارَ), boil, ferment; Syriac ܦܘܪ, Ethpe., of anger).

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פּוּרָה

noun (fem.) wine-press;—פ׳ דָּרַכְתִּי Yeshaya 63:3 (see דָּרַךְ 3); disting. from יֶקֶב, and perhaps part of it, Chaggai 2:16 (reading מִפּ׳, so Smend Nowack; usually measure of juice from one filling of the פ׳, see Ke).

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פור²

see II. פרר.

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פּוֹרָתָא

proper name (masc.) son of Haman Esther 9:8, Φαραδαθα, Βαρδαθα.

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פַּז

see I. פזז.

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פָּזַז

verb

be refined (?) (doubtful √);—participle (בינוני) זָהָב מוּפָ֑ז Melachim Alef 10:18 refined gold (si vera l.; Septuagint δόκιμος, ‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:17 טָהוֹר).

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פַּז²

noun (masc.) ^{Tehillim 19:11} refined, pure gold (Talm. פִּיזָּא; Targum פִּיזּוּזָא);—עֲטֶרֶת פָּ֑ז Tehillim 21:4; in compar. of value or beauty: Eicha 4:2, אַדְנֵי־פ׳ Shir HaShirim 5:15; ‖ (or +) זהב Iyov 28:17 (כְּלִי־פ׳), Tehillim 19:11 (+ רָ֑ב); Tehillim 119:127; ‖ כֶּתֶם Yeshaya 13:12, compare כֶּתֶם פ׳ Shir HaShirim 5:11; + חָרוּץ Mishlei 8:19.

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פָּזַז²

verb be supple, agile (Talm. (rare) פְּזִיזָא hasty; Arabic فَزَّ be frightened, excited; Syriac (Lexx.) ܦܰܙ leap, ܦܰܙܻܝܙܳܐ agile, etc.);—

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural וַיָּפֹ֫זּוּ Breishis 49:27, of arms.

shew agility, leap (in dance), participle (בינוני) מְפַזֵּז וּמְכַרְכֵּר Shmuel Beis 6:16.

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פָּזַר

verb scatter (usually regarded as secondary form of בזר q.see; Mishnaic Hebrew the same Pi. (opposite כנם = כנשׁ), Niph.; Arabic فَزَرَ rend, slit, also separate, disperse);—

participle (בינוני) passive f. שֶׂה פְזוּרָה Yirmiya 50:17 a scattered sheep is Israel (that is driven off, isolated).

past (עבר) 3rd plural נִפְזְרוּ Tehillim 141:7 our bones are scattered לְפִי שְׁאוֹל.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פִּזַּר Tehillim 53:6; Tehillim 112:9, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְפַזֵּר Tehillim 147:16; 2nd feminine singular וַתְּפַזְּרִי Yirmiya 3:13; participle (בינוני) מְפַזֵּר Mishlei 11:24;—scatter Tehillim 89:11; Tehillim 53:6; Tehillim 147:16 (all subj. י׳), Yoel 4:2; object דְּרָכַיִךְ Yirmiya 3:13, of Isr. running hither and thither to strange gods; absolute of spending money Tehillim 112:9 (alms), Mishlei 11:24.

participle (בינוני) מְפֻוָּר Esther 3:8 scattered, of Isr.

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פַּח

see פחח.

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פָּחַד

verb dread, be in dread, in awe (Mishnaic Hebrew Hithp. (rare), Ben Sira 41:12 imperative (ציווי) פחד על fear for; Targum פַּחְדָּא n.);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פָּחַד Tehillim 119:161, וּפ׳ consec. Yeshaya 19:16; Yeshaya 60:5; 1st singular פָּחַדְתִּי Iyov 3:25, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְחָ֑ד Yeshaya 19:17; 2nd masculine singular תִּפְחָ֑ד Devarim 28:67 +, etc.;—

be in dread, absolute Devarim 28:66; Yeshaya 12:2; Yeshaya 33:14; Yeshaya 44:8, Yeshaya 44:11 Tehillim 78:53; Mishlei 3:24; לֹא פ׳ Yirmiya 36:24 sign of callousness; with a direct object cogn. פַּחַד Devarim 28:67; Iyov 3:25 Tehillim 14:5 = Tehillim 53:6; c. מִן person Yeshaya 19:17 Iyov 23:15 Tehillim 27:1 (‖ יָרֵא), compare Tehillim 119:161, and (c. מִפְּנֵי) Yeshaya 19:16; c. עַל rei Yirmiya 33:9 (+ רָֽגְזוּ); c. אֶל, pregn., turn in dread to each other Yirmiya 36:16, submitting to י׳ Hoshea 3:5 Micha 7:17 (‖ יָרֵא).

be in awe (at י׳’s favour), absolute, Yeshaya 60:5.

be in great dread, future (עתיד) 2nd masculine singular וַתְּפַחֵד Yeshaya 51:13, c. מִפְּנֵי rei; participle (בינוני) absolute מְפַחֵד Mishlei 28:14 deeply dreading (sc. sin).

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הִפְחִיד Iyov 4:14 filled my bones with dread.

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פַּ֫חַד

noun (masc.) Shmuel Alef 11:7 dread;—פ׳ absolute Breishis 31:42 +, construct Shmuel Alef 11:7 +, with suffix פַּחְדְּךָ Devarim 2:25 Tehillim 119:120, פַּחְדּוֹ Iyov 13:11 Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:17, etc.; plural פְּחָדִים Iyov 15:21:—

dread, פ׳ י׳, that is before י׳, often (not always) terrifying, unfitting for action, †Yeshaya 2:10, Yeshaya 2:19, Yeshaya 2:21; Shmuel Alef 11:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 14:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 17:10, so פ׳ אֱלֹהִים †Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:29, c. with suffix Iyov 13:11 Tehillim 119:120 trembleth for dread of thee; c. genit. object Isr., †Devarim 2:25 (‖ יִרְאָה), Devarim 11:25 (‖ מוֹרָא), Tehillim 105:38 Esther 8:17; Esther 9:2, פ׳ אוֹיֵב †Tehillim 64:2, of individual †Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:17; Esther 9:3; c. genit. object rei Mishlei 1:33; absolute, in generally, Shemos 15:16 (song; ‖ אֵימָ֫תָה), Iyov 4:14 (‖ רְעָדָה), Yirmiya 30:5 (‖ קוֹל חֲרָדָה) +; as direct object cogn. c. פָּחַד Tehillim 14:5 + (see פָּחַד); c. genit. subj. †Mishlei 1:26, Mishlei 1:27 (both ‖ אֵיד) Devarim 28:67.

= object of dread †Tehillim 31:12; Tehillim 36:2, פ׳ אֵלַי Iyov 31:23; פַּחַד פָּחַדְתִּי †Iyov 3:25; מִקּוֹל הַפַּחַד †Yeshaya 24:18 sound of the disaster, for מִפְּנֵי הַפּ׳ of orig. Yirmiya 48:44, but קוֹל פְּחָדִים †Iyov 15:21 = a sound of terrors; פ׳ פִּתְאֹם Iyov 22:10; Mishlei 3:25.

as design. dei †פ׳ יִצְחָק Breishis 31:42 (‖ אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם), so v Breishis 31:53 (‖ the same; both E).

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פַּ֫חַד²

n.[m.] thigh (probably loan-word (through Aramaic, otherwise ذ = ז) from Arabic فَخِذٌ thigh and (compare Wellhausen^{GGN, 1893, 479}) under-tribe, Palmyrene פחד tribe);—גִּידֵי פַחְדּוֹ Iyov 40:17 Kesiv the sinews of his thigh (Keri dual פַחֲדָיו), of hippopotamus.

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פֶּחָה

noun (masc.) Melachim Beis 18:24 governor (loan-word from Assyrian paḫâti [abbrev. from bêl paḫâti], lord of a district; compare perhaps Old Aramaic פחי governor);—absolute הַפּ׳ Nechemia 5:14, construct פַּחַ֫ת Chaggai 1:1 +, פַּחַת־ Chaggai 2:21; with suffix פֶּחָתֶ֑ךָ Malachi 1:8, פֶּחֶם Nechemia 5:14 (but read probably פֶּחָה); plural absolute פַּחוֹת Melachim Alef 20:24 +; construct פַּחוֹת Melachim Alef 10:15 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:14, פַּחֲווֹת Ezra 8:36 +; with suffix פַּחוֹתֶיהָ Yirmiya 51:28, Yirmiya 51:57;—as Assyrian captains Melachim Beis 18:24 = Yeshaya 36:9 (< del. פ׳, compare Stade^{journal ZAW vi (1886), 182} and elsewhere), compare Yechezkel 23:6, Yechezkel 23:12; of Babylon Yirmiya 51:23, Yirmiya 51:57, and Babylonian allies Yechezkel 23:23; of Media Yirmiya 51:28; Pers. governor of עֵבֶר הַנָּהָר, that is in Pal., Chaggai 1:1, Chaggai 1:14; Chaggai 2:2, Chaggai 2:21; Nechemia 2:7, Nechemia 2:9 + 8 times; Pers. satraps in generally Esther 3:12; Esther 8:9; Esther 9:3; applied (by late writer) to Sol.’s governors Melachim Alef 10:15 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:14; Benhadad’s captains Melachim Alef 20:24 (del. see, Stade and elsewhere).—compare Biblical Aramaic

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פַּ֫חַז

n.[m.] wantonness, recklessness, unbridled license;—Breishis 49:4, abstr. for concr. (+ כַּמַּיִםִ like [boiling, or overflowing] water).

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פַּח²

noun (masc.) ^{Tehillim 124:7} bird-trap (compare Wilkinson ^{Egyptians (1878) ii, 103, 109 f.} Driver Amos 3:5 Hoffmann^{journal ZAW iii (1883), 101});* compare also Baldensperger^{PEF 1905, 38} (paḥ used now פ׳ absolute Hoshea 5:1 +, פָּ֑ח Yirmiya 48:44 +; construct פַּח Hoshea 9:8 +; plural פַּחִים Yirmiya 18:22 +;—

literally יַעֲלֶה פ׳ Amos 3:5 b (as metaphorically; v a del. פ׳); Mishlei 7:23; Koheles 9:12 (c. אָחוּז; both in simile).

usually figuratively (sometimes ‖ מוֹקֵשׁ, רֶשֶׁת, צַמִּים):

of calamities and plots, פ׳ יָקוֹשׁ Hoshea 9:8, compare Tehillim 91:3; Tehillim 124:7; פ׳ alone Yirmiya 48:43 = Yeshaya 24:17; Iyov 22:10 Tehillim 124:7; Mishlei 22:5; טָמַן פ׳ לְ Yirmiya 18:22 Tehillim 140:6; Tehillim 142:4; נָתַן פ׳ לְ Tehillim 119:110, יָקַשׁ פ׳ לְ Tehillim 141:9; יֹאחֵז בְּעָקֵב פ׳ Iyov 18:9; יִלָּכֵד בַּפּ׳ Yirmiya 48:44 = Yeshaya 24:18.

= source or agent of calamity Hoshea 5:1; Yehoshua 23:13, Yeshaya 8:14 Tehillim 69:23.—Tehillim 11:6 see פֶּחָם.

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פַּח³

plate of metal; plural רִקֻּעֵי פַחִים Bamidbar 17:3; construct וַיְרַקְּעוּ אֶת־פַּחֵי הַזָּהָב Shemos 39:3.

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פֶּחָם

n.[m.] coal (coll.); absolute פ׳, as inflammable, פ׳ לְגֶחָלִים Mishlei 26:21 (charcoal for embers, Toy); of glowing coal Yeshaya 44:12, אֵשׁ פ׳ Yeshaya 54:16; Tehillim 11:6 for Masoretic Text פַּחִ֑ים אֵשׁ read פַּחַם אֵשׁ (or פַּחֲמֵי) coals of fire (‖ גָּפְרִית), so Ewald and elsewhere

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פַּ֫חַת

noun (masc.) ^{Shmuel Beis 18:17} (in Shmuel Beis 17:9 read בְּאַחַד) pit;—פ׳ absolute Yirmiya 48:13 +, פָּ֑חַת v Yirmiya 48:28; plural פְּחָתִים Shmuel Beis 17:9;—pit, Shmuel Beis 17:9; Shmuel Beis 18:17; Yirmiya 48:28 (Giesebrecht qu. text); figuratively of calamity פַּחַד וָפ׳ וָפָ֑ח Yirmiya 48:43 compare v Yirmiya 48:44^(×2) = Yeshaya 24:17 compare v Yeshaya 24:18^(×2) and Eicha 3:47.

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פְּחֶ֫תֶת

noun (fem.) a boring or eating out;—Vayikra 13:55, of leprous decay in garment.

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פַּ֫חַת מוֹאָב

proper name (masc.) post-exile name;—בֶּן־פ׳ מ׳ Nechemia 3:11 (Φααβ[θ]μωαβ, SeptuagintL Ερωμαθ), בְּנֵי־פ׳ מ׳ Ezra 2:6 = Nechemia 7:11; Ezra 8:4 (all Φααθμωαβ, etc.), Ezra 10:30; פ׳ מ׳ Nechemia 10:15 (both Φααδ[θ]μωαβ, etc.).

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פִּטְדָה

noun (fem.) (m. according to Albr^{journal ZAW xvi (1896), 108}) topaz or chrysolite (according to Septuagint τοπάζιον, Vulgate topazius, etc.; probably foreign word, compare Skr. pîta (probably yellow));—named with other precious stones Yechezkel 28:13; Shemos 28:17 = Shemos 39:10; construct פִּטְדַת־כּוּשׁ Iyov 28:19.—Vid. Plin^{Mishnaic Hebrew xxxvii. 8 (32)}, Houghton in Smend^{DB, Topaz} Ri^{HWB, Edelstein}.

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פַּטִּישׁ

noun (masc.) ^{Yirmiya 50:23} forge-hammer;—(Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Aramaic loan-word according to Frä ⁸⁵, and so Arabic فِطِّيسٌ (compare Arabic trad. in Lane), see Targum פַּטִּישָׁא; but Lagarde^{BN 103} cp. فِطِّيسَةٌ swine’s snout, Syriac ܦܛܰܫ flat-nosed);—פ׳ absolute Yeshaya 41:7 Yirmiya 23:29; construct Yirmiya 50:23 figuratively of Babylonian as destroyer.

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פָּטַר

verb separate, remove, set free (Mishnaic Hebrew depart, set free, Niph. also die; Phoenician פטר CIS ^{102a, 2} depart (die?); Assyrian Paṭâru, split, break through, ipṭiru, ransom, TelAm. escape, set free (perhaps Canaanit.); Arabic فَطَرَ cleave, split, also create; Ethiopic ፈጠረ create, fabricate; Aramaic פְּטַר, ܦܛܰܪ withdraw, depart);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:8; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיִּפְטַר Shmuel Alef 19:10; participle (בינוני) active פּוֹטֵר Mishlei 17:14; passive פְּטוּרִים Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:33 Keri (Kesiv פטירים); construct פְּטוּרֵי Melachim Alef 6:18, Melachim Alef 6:29, Melachim Alef 6:32, פְּטֻרֵי v Melachim Alef 6:35;—

intrans. remove oneself, specif. escape Shmuel Alef 19:10 (מִפְּנֵי, compare Driver).

trans. set free from duty Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:8 (direct object person), so passive Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:33 Keri (Kesiv פטירים adjective or Aramaic pt., same meaning); פ׳ מַיִם Mishlei 17:14 set free, let out; passive פְּטוּרֵי צִצִּים term. techn. of ornament in temple, doubtful, usually out-spread (garlands) of flowers Melachim Alef 6:18, Melachim Alef 6:29, Melachim Alef 6:32, Melachim Alef 6:35.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יַפְטִירוּ בְשָׂפָה Tehillim 22:8 they separate with the lip, that is open mouth wide (insultingly).*

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פֶּ֫טֶר

n.[m.] that which separates, first opens;—construct, פּ׳ רֶחֶם that is firstborn, of man and beast, Yechezkel 20:26; Shemos 13:12, Shemos 13:15; Shemos 34:19; Bamidbar 18:15; appos. בְּכוֹר Shemos 13:2 Bamidbar 3:12; רֶחֶם om. Shemos 13:12, Shemos 13:13; Shemos 34:19, Shemos 34:20.

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פִּטְרָה

noun (fem.) the same, פִּטְרַת כָּל־רֶהֶם Bamidbar 8:16.

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פִּי הַחִירֹת

proper name (place) on E. border of Egypt, Shemos 14:2, Shemos 14:9 (Septuagint ἡ ἔπαυλις), Bamidbar 33:7 (Ε(π)ιρωθ) + v Bamidbar 33:8 (read מִפִּי ה׳ Sam. Peshitta Vulgate Targum, or מִפְּנֵי פִי ה׳, for Masoretic Text מִפְּנֵי ה׳, compare Dillmann). Site unknown.

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פִּיחַ²

see פוח.

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פִּימָה

noun (fem.) superabundance (of fat);—פ׳ Iyov 15:27 (‖ חֶלְבּוֹ).

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פִּינְחָס

proper name (masc.) (Egyptian Pe-nehasi, the negro, according to Lauth ^{Moses (1868), 71, ZMG xxv (1871), 139 f.} compare Nestle^{Eg 112, AJSL xiii (1897) 174} Baen Shemos 6:25, yet see Dillmann);—

grandson of Aaron, Φ(ε)ινεες, Shemos 6:25; Bamidbar 25:7 + 16 times

son of Eli Shmuel Alef 1:3 (†פִּנְחָם), Shmuel Alef 2:34; Shmuel Alef 4:4, Shmuel Alef 4:11, Shmuel Alef 4:17, Shmuel Alef 4:19; Shmuel Alef 14:3.

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פִּינֹן

proper name (masc.) Edomite Breishis 36:41; Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:52, Φινες, Φινων, Φινα;—compare פּוּנֹן.

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פִּיפִיּוֹת

see פֶּה.

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פִּישׁוֹן

proper namefl. (Gesenius' Thesaurus under פושׁ, compare especially Nestle^{Marg. 5}, but doubtful);—one of the rivers of Eden Breishis 2:11, Φ(ε)ισων, (on theories of identif. see commentaries, also reff. under גִּיחוֹן).

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פִּיתוֹן

proper name (masc.) descendant of Saul Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:35 = פִּיתֹן Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:41, Φιθων, Φαιθων, SeptuagintL Φιθωθ.

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פַּךְ

noun (masc.) ^{Melachim Beis 9:1} phial, flask;—construct פ׳ הַשֶּׁמֶן, for anointing, Shmuel Alef 10:1; Melachim Beis 9:1, Melachim Beis 9:3.

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פֶּלֶא

noun (masc.) wonder (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; as unusual, extraordinary);—פ׳ Shemos 15:11 + 6 times; with suffix פִּלְאֲךָ Tehillim 89:6; פִּלְאֶ֑ךָ Tehillim 77:12; Tehillim 88:13; plural פְּלָאִים Eicha 1:9; fpl. פְּלָאוֹת Tehillim 119:129 Daniel 12:6;—

wonder: extraordinary, hard to be understood, God’s dealings with His people Yeshaya 29:14; the testimonies of the Law Tehillim 119:129; פֶּלֶא יוֹעֵץ Yeshaya 9:5 marvel of a counsellor (Baer פֵּלֶא), wonderful counsellor (of Mess. king); plural as adverb direct object וַתֵּרֶד פ׳ Eicha 1:9 she (Jerus.) hath come down marvellously.

wonder: of God’s acts of judgment and redemption Tehillim 77:12; Tehillim 88:13; Tehillim 89:6; עשׂה פ׳ Shemos 15:11; Yeshaya 25:1 Tehillim 77:15; Tehillim 78:12; Tehillim 88:11; of extraord. trials קֵץ הפ׳ Daniel 12:6.

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פַּלּוּא

proper name (masc.) (D.H. Müller^{Epigr. Denkm. 9, 1} cp. Liḥy. proper name פלה);—son of Reuben Breishis 46:9; Shemos 6:14 Bamidbar 26:5, Bamidbar 26:8; Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:3, Φαλλου(ς), etc.; see also פֶּלֶת.

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פִּלְאִי

adjective wonderful, incomprehensible;—m. פלאי (that is פִּלְאִי Kesiv, Shoftim 13:18 (name of מַלְאַךְ י׳; > Keri (א)פֶּ֫לִי); f. פלאיה דַעַת מִמֶּנִּי (that is פִּלְאִיָה) Tehillim 139:6 God’s knowledge; > Keri פְּלִיאָה.

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פְּלָאיָה

proper name (masc.) Nechemia 8:7; Nechemia 10:11, SeptuagintL Φαλαιας.

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פְּלָיָה

proper name (masc.) (late Assyrian Pi-lîâma Hilpr^{Univ. Pa. Exp. ix. 68});—Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:24, Φαρα, Φαλαια, Φαδια.

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פָּלַג

verb split, divide (Mishnaic Hebrew chiefly in secondary meanings and deriv.; Arabic فَلَجَ divide, split; Aramaic פְּלֵיג, ܦܠܰܓ divide; Ethiopic ፈለግ ravine, stream; Assyrian palgu, canal);—

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular נִפְלְגָה Breishis 10:25; Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:19 was divided (earth).

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פִּלַּג Iyov 38:25 cleave a channel for rain.

imperative (ציווי) ms. פַּלַּג (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 52 n) Tehillim 55:10 divide their speech (their counsels).

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פֶּ֫לֶג

proper name (masc.) son of Eber, Φαλεκ, SeptuagintL Φαλεγ: Breishis 10:25; Breishis 11:17, Breishis 11:18, Breishis 11:19; Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:19, Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:25, פָּ֑לֶג Breishis 11:16.

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פִּלֶ֫גֶשׁ

noun (fem.) concubine (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Targum Yerushalmi פִּילַּקְתָּא (פַּלְקְתָא), perhaps influenced by Gk. παλλακή, παλλακίς (proposes young girl), Lat. pellex; orig. Gk. word according to Stade^{G. i.380}, compare also Lewy^{Fremdw. 66 f.}; on poss. Hittite origin see Jen^{ZMG xlviii (1894), 468 ff.});—פִּ׳ absolute Shmuel Beis 3:7, construct Shmuel Beis 21:11, פִּי׳ absolute Breishis 36:12; Shoftim 19:1, construct Breishis 35:22 + 4 times; with suffix פִּילַנְשׁוֹ Breishis 22:24 +, שֵׁהוּ- Shoftim 19:24; שִׁי- Shoftim 20:4 + 2 times; plural פִּלַגְשִׁים Shmuel Beis 5:13 + 2 times, פִּי׳ Breishis 25:6 + 5 times; construct פִּלַגְשֵׁי Shmuel Beis 16:21, Shmuel Beis 16:22; with suffix פִּילַגְשָׁיו Divrei HaYamim Beis 11:21, פִּלַגְשֶׁיךָ Shmuel Beis 19:6, פִּלַגְשֵׁיהֶם Yechezkel 23:20;—

concubine Breishis 22:24; Breishis 25:6; Breishis 35:22; Breishis 36:12; Shoftim 8:31; Shoftim 19:1 + 10 times Shoftim 19, Shoftim 20, Shmuel Beis 3:7^(×2) + 7 times 2 S, Melachim Alef 11:13; Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:32 + 6 times Ch, Esther 2:14 Shir HaShirim 6:8, Shir HaShirim 6:9.

either = paramour (perhaps contempt.; ὁ πάλλαξ = youth), or < concubinage Yechezkel 23:20 (figuratively of Jerusalem doting on Babylon).

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פִּלְדָּשׁ

proper name (masc.) Nahorite Breishis 22:22, Φαλδας.

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פְּלֹנִי

pron. a certain one; Gk. ὁ, ἡ δεῖνα (according to Gesenius' Thesaurus from above √, through an unused noun פָּלֹן, proposes one defined, a particular one: Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Aramaic ܦܠܳܢ, f. ܦܠܳܢܻܝܬܳܐ; Arabic فُلَانُ W^{AG i. § 353 R. c}, voc. فُلُ Siegf^{ZWTh xxvii. 355}; Assyrian pulpul Haupt^{BAS i. 114}), always joined with אַלְמֹנִי (proposes one not mentioned) in the sense of ‘ein gewisser verschwiegener’ (Ewald's Hebrew Grammar § 106 c, 2 Stade's Hebrew Grammar § 150 b), ‘a certain unnamed one,’ that is such a one; Rus 4:1 שְׁבָה־פֹּה פְּלֹנִי אַלְמֹנִי sit down here, such a one (Gk. ὦ οὗτος; Arabic يَا فُلُ); in the phr. מְקוֹם פ׳ א׳ the place of such a one = such and such a place, Shmuel Alef 21:3 Melachim Beis 6:8. From פ׳ א׳ arose by contraction (or conflation, Perles^{Anal. 82}) פַּלְמֹנִי †Daniel 8:13 ויאמר … לַפּ׳ הַמְדַבֵּר to that certain one who spake.—ii. פְּלֹנִי see p. 813.

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פָּלַח

verb cleave (Arabic فَلَحَ cleave; Aramaic פְּלַח (usually), ܦܠܰܚ, are till, work, serve [= עָבַד]);—

participle (בינוני) פֹּלֵהַ Tehillim 141:7 of cleaving, ploughing, בָּאָרֶץ (‖בקע).

future (עתיד)

cleave open, through, 3rd masculine singular יְפַלַּח of piercing kidneys Iyov 16:13, liver Mishlei 7:23 (both figuratively); וַיְּפַלַּח אֶל Melachim Beis 4:39 of cutting up (fruit) into pot.

cause to cleave open, 3rd feminine plural יַלְדֵיהֶן תְּפַלַּחְנָה Iyov 39:3 of animals bringing forth young, read perhaps תְּפַלַּטְנָה (Iyov 21:10).

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פֶּ֫לַח

noun (fem.) Iyov 41:16 cleavage, mill-stone (mill cleft betw. the stones? compare G.F. Moore^Ju; Targum פִּלְחָא);—פ׳ absolute Iyov 41:16, elsewhere construct;—

mill-stone, פ׳ רֶכֶב mill-stone of riding, that is upper stone, wh. is turned (compare רֶכֶב), Shoftim 9:53; Shmuel Beis 11:21; פ׳ תַּחְתִּית Iyov 41:16 lower mill-stone (simile of hardness).

cleavage, split hence slice פֶּלַח הָרִמּוֹן Shir HaShirim 4:3 = Shir HaShirim 6:7 simile of human temple (from colour; compare Wetzstein in Del^{commentaries Excurs. A}); also פֶּלַח דְּבֵלָה slice of fig-cake Shmuel Alef 30:12.

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פִּלְחָא

(Baer פִּלְחָה) proper name (masc.) post-exilic name Nechemia 10:25; Φαδαεις, SeptuagintL Φαλλαει.

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פַּלְטִי

adjectivegent. see בֵּית פָּ֑לֶט.

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פָּלִיט

noun (masc.) ^{Amos 9:1} escaped one, fugitive;—פ׳ absolute Melachim Beis 9:15 +; plural construct פְּלִיטֵי Shoftim 12:4 +; with suffix פְּלְיטָיו Ovadia 1:14, etc.;—Amos 9:1; Melachim Beis 9:15; Breishis 14:13; Yechezkel 24:26, Yechezkel 24:27; Yechezkel 33:21 (+ מִן location), v Yechezkel 33:22; שָׂרִיד וּפ׳ Yehoshua 8:22; Yirmiya 42:17; פ׳ וְשָׂרִיד Yirmiya 44:14 Eicha 2:22; c. genit. subj. Shoftim 12:5 fugitives of Ephr. (del. in v Shoftim 12:4, see G.F. Moore), so c. with suffix Yechezkel 6:9; Yechezkel 7:16 Ovadia 1:14; c. genit. object, escaped of, that is from Yeshaya 45:20, so פְּלִיטֵי חֶרֶב Yirmiya 44:28; Yechezkel 6:8.

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פָּלֵיט

noun (masc.) the same;—plural פְּלֵיטִם Bamidbar 21:29 (as appos., or adjective), ים—ִ Yeshaya 66:19; פְּלֵטִים Yirmiya 44:14, + מִן from Yirmiya 50:28; Yirmiya 51:50.

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פְּלֵיטָה

noun (fem.) escape (on form compare> Barth^{NB 144, 166});—absolute פ׳ Breishis 32:9 +, פְּלֵטָה Shemos 10:5 +; construct פְּלֵיטַת Melachim Beis 19:30 +;—

escape, deliverance Breishis 45:7 Yirmiya 25:35.

elsewhere probably always escaped remnant:

of green things (from locusts) Shemos 10:5 Yoel 2:3.

of person Breishis 32:9 Shoftim 21:17 Yeshaya 15:9 Yirmiya 50:29 Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:43 Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:24; Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:6 Ezra 9:8; Daniel 11:42; + מִפְּנֵי Shmuel Beis 15:14.

specif. of those of Judah escaped from Assyrian Melachim Beis 19:30, Melachim Beis 19:31 (+ מִן) = Yeshaya 37:31, Yeshaya 37:32, compare Yeshaya 10:20; from Babylonian Nechemia 1:2 Ezra 9:13, Ezra 9:14, Ezra 9:15, compare Yechezkel 14:22; after י׳’s future judgment Yeshaya 4:2; Ovadia 1:17; Yoel 3:5.

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פַּלְטִי²

proper name (masc.) Φαλτει (perhaps abbrev. from פַּלְטִיאֵל);—

Benjamite Bamidbar 13:9.

second husband of Michal Shmuel Alef 25:44 (= פַּלְטִיאֵל Shmuel Beis 3:15).

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פִּלְטָ֑י

proper name (masc.) priest Nechemia 12:17, Φελητει, etc.

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פַּלְטִיאֵל

proper name (masc.) Φαλτ(ε)ιηλ:

Bamidbar 34:26.

Shmuel Beis 3:15 (= פַּלְטִי Shmuel Alef 25:44), SeptuagintL Φαλτιου.

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פְּלַטְיָ֫הוּ

proper name (masc.) Φαλτιας, Φαλεττι(α), etc.:—

-יָהוּ, a prince of people Yechezkel 11:1, Yechezkel 11:13.

-יָה, grandson of Zerub. Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:21, perhaps = Nechemia 10:23.

-יָה, Simeonite Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:42.

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פְּלִי

see פלא.

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פֶּ֫לֶךְ

n.[m.] 1. whirl of spindle. 2. district (proposes circle, circuit);—absolute פ׳ Shmuel Beis 3:29, פָּ֑לֶךְ Mishlei 31:19; construct פֶּלֶךְ Nechemia 3:9 +; with suffix פִּלְכּוֹ v Nechemia 3:17;—

whirl of spindle, Shmuel Beis 3:29 (probably, see Driver), Mishlei 31:19 (‖ כִּישׁוֹר).

district, Nechemia 3:9, Nechemia 3:12, Nechemia 3:14, Nechemia 3:15, Nechemia 3:16, Nechemia 3:17^(×2), Nechemia 3:18.

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פָּלָל

proper name (masc.) a wall-builder Nechemia 3:25, Φαλαλ, א Φαλακ, A Φαλαξ, SeptuagintL Φαλλη.

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פְּלִילָה

noun (fem.) office of judge or umpire;—עשׂי פ׳ (Keri עֲשׂוּ) Yeshaya 16:3 do an umpire’s office.

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פְּלִילִי

adjective for a judge, calling for judgment;—עָוֹן פ׳ Iyov 31:28 (on v Iyov 31:11 see פָּלִיל; Kue ^{Ond. (2) 161} reads עֲוֹן פְּלִילִים in both v Iyov 31:11 and v Iyov 31:28).

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פְּלִילִיָּה

noun (fem.) the giving a decision;—פ׳ Yeshaya 28:7 (of priests).

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פְּלַלְיָה

proper name (masc.) (י׳ hath interposed);—priest Nechemia 11:12, Φαλ(λ)αλια(ς).

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פְּלֹנִי²

adjectivegent. erron.: c. art. הַפְּלוֹנִי Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:27; Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:10 read הַפַּלְטִי as Shmuel Beis 23:26 (see בֵּית פָּ֑לֶט); הַפְּלֹנִי Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:36 read הַגִּלֹנִי, as Shmuel Beis 23:34.—i. פְּלֹנִי see פלה.

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פֶּ֫לֶס

n.[m.] balance, scale;—literally Mishlei 16:11, figuratively Yeshaya 40:12 (in both ‖ מֹאזְנַיִם).

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פָּלַס

verbPi.denom. weigh, make level (Phoenician פלס Pi. make level(?) in proper name);—future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְפַלֵּס Tehillim 78:50; 2nd masculine plural תְּפַלֵּס֑וּן Tehillim 58:3 (see below), etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. פַּלֵּס Mishlei 4:26; participle (בינוני) מְפַלֵּס Mishlei 5:21;—

weigh out חֲמַס יְדֵיכֶם תּפ׳ Tehillim 58:3 (figuratively; but read perhaps חָמָס יְדֵיכֶם תְּפַלֵּסְנָה violence do your hands weigh out, so Septuagint Peshitta Targum Baethgen Kau Wellhausen).

make level, smooth (compare Gerber ³²). with a direct object of path (figuratively), מַעְגָּל Mishlei 4:26; Mishlei 5:21; Yeshaya 26:7, נָתִיב Tehillim 78:50, אֹרַח Mishlei 5:6.

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פַּלָּצוּת

noun (fem.) shuddering;—פ׳ absolute Iyov 21:6; Yeshaya 21:4; Yechezkel 7:18 Tehillim 55:6.

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פְּלֶ֫שֶׁת

proper nameterr. Philistia, poet. and late;—פְּלָ֑שֶׁת (ישְׁבֵי) Shemos 15:14 (Φυλιστιειμ; elsewhere (οἱ) ἀλλόφυλοι), Yoel 4:4, elsewhere פְּלֶשֶׁת Yeshaya 14:29, Yeshaya 14:31 Tehillim 60:10 = Tehillim 108:10; Tehillim 83:8; Tehillim 87:4; Assyrian Palastu, Pilistu, Cuneiform Inscriptions & the Old Testament Breishis 10:14 Delitzsch^{Pa 288 f.} Gk. Παλαιστίνη Herod. ^{ii. 104, 106, vii. 89} Jos^{Ant. i, 6, 2} (also Φυλιστίνου); see Rel^{Pal. 73 f.}

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פֶּ֫לֶת

proper name (masc.)

Reubenite Bamidbar 16:1, Φαλεθ[κ]; read probably פַּלּוּא (q.see) so Graf Driver and elsewhere

Judahite Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:33, Θαλεθ, Φαλεθ[ατ].

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פָּנָה

verb turn (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Syriac ܦܢܳܐ, Targum פְּנָא; Ethiopic ፈነወ: Arabic فَنِى pass away, banish; compareSabean פנה (variously) for example CIS ^{iv. Nos. 1, 37, 40}; Assyrian pânu, face, Phoenician פנם, Mesha Inscription 13, 18 לפני, with suffix מפני l ¹⁹);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Yirmiya 6:4 +, 2nd masculine singular פָּנִיתָ Shmuel Beis 9:8, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְנֶה Shmuel Alef 13:17 +, וַיִּ֫פֶן Shemos 2:12 +, 3rd feminine singular וַתֵּ֫פֶן Melachim Alef 10:13, 1st singular וָאֵ֫פֶן Devarim 9:15; Devarim 10:5, 1st plural וַנֵּ֫פֶן Devarim 2:1 +, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. פְּנֵה Tehillim 25:16 +, etc.; infinitive (מקור) absolute פָּנֹה Chaggai 1:9; construct לִפְנוֹת Breishis 24:63 +, etc.; participle (בינוני) פֹּנֶה Devarim 29:17 +, etc.;—

turn toward, אֶל person, literally, Shoftim 6:14; Yeshaya 13:14 = Yirmiya 50:16; Iyov 21:5 (that is attentively); compare of branches Yechezkel 17:6 (in allegory); c. עַל of direction Breishis 24:49; figuratively c.> אֶל־י׳ (in worship), Yeshaya 45:22, other gods Hoshea 3:1; Devarim 31:18, Devarim 31:20; Vayikra 19:4; for help Vayikra 19:31; Vayikra 20:6; Iyov 5:1; אֶל־אָוֶן Iyov 36:21; with a direct object הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יִפְנֶה Yechezkel 10:11; c. ה location Melachim Alef 17:3; Devarim 2:3 (+ לָכֶם dat. eth.), Shir HaShirim 6:1; c. דֶּרֶךְ Shmuel Alef 13:18;^(×2) Iyov 24:18, אֶל־ד׳ Shoftim 20:42; Shmuel Alef 13:17; figuratively לְדֶרֶךְ Yeshaya 53:6; Yeshaya 56:11; with a direct object כֹּל אֲשֶׁר־יִפְנֶה Shmuel Alef 14:47, so, + שָׁם, figuratively Melachim Alef 2:3, that is whatever thou undertakest, אֶל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר יִפְנֶה Mishlei 17:8.

turn from, מִן location Breishis 18:22, figuratively, of heart, c.מֵעִם י׳ Devarim 29:17, absolute = turn away Devarim 30:17; in phr. פ׳ עֹרֶף turn (with the back (compare ראה עֹרֶף Yirmiya 18:17), + לִפְנֵי, Yehoshua 7:12 (of flight), figuratively, + אֶל־י׳, Yirmiya 2:27; Yirmiya 32:33.

turn and do a thing, Shemos 7:23; Shemos 32:15; Bamidbar 14:25 Bamidbar 21:33 Devarim 1:7, Devarim 1:24; Shoftim 18:21;s Melachim Alef 10:13 + 17 times; to do a thing (inf.) †Koheles 2:12.

turn, decline, of day Yirmiya 6:4, days of life Tehillim 90:9.

turn toward, approach, of evening, לִפְנוֹת עָ֑רֶב Breishis 24:63; Devarim 23:12; of morning, לִפ׳ (הַ)בֹּקֶר Shemos 14:27; Shoftim 19:26 Tehillim 46:6 (figuratively).

turn and look, look, literally, אֶל person Bamidbar 12:10; Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:24; Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:20, וַיִּפֶן כֹּה וָכֹה Shemos 2:12; c. לְמָ֑עְלָה Yeshaya 8:21; absolute look (back) Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:14; c. אַחֲרֵי look behind one (and see, or say), Yehoshua 8:20; Shoftim 20:40; Shmuel Beis 1:7; Shmuel Beis 2:20; Melachim Beis 2:24, look after another Yechezkel 29:16 (figuratively for seek alliance with); c. אֶל of direction Shemos 16:10; Bamidbar 17:7.

of inanimate things, face, c. אֶל location Yehoshua 15:7, usually of facing points of compass, c. ה location Melachim Alef 7:25^(×4) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:4;^(×4), Yehoshua 15:2; Yechezkel 8:3; Yechezkel 46:19, but also c. קָדִים Yechezkel 43:17; Yechezkel 44:1; Yechezkel 46:1, Yechezkel 46:2; Yechezkel 47:8, compare Yechezkel 43:1.

especially figuratively look at, אֶל־ person, regard, (1) graciously Shmuel Beis 9:8; of י׳ Yechezkel 36:9; Vayikra 26:9; Melachim Beis 13:23 Tehillim 40:5, + חָנַן Tehillim 25:16; Tehillim 69:17; Tehillim 86:16; Tehillim 119:132; c. אֶל־תְּפִלָּה Melachim Alef 8:28 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:19, Tehillim 102:18, אֶל־מִנְחָה Bamidbar 16:15; Malachi 2:13; (2) sternly, אֶל־קְשִׁי הָעָם Devarim 9:27.

look for (אֶל rei) = except Chaggai 1:9.

figuratively look at, consider (+ ב) Iyov 6:28; Koheles 2:11.—Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:23 see פִּנָּה.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פִּנָּה Tzefania 3:15, etc.; imperative (ציווי) mpl. פַּנּוּ Yeshaya 40:3 + 2 times;—turn away, put out of the way, with a direct object person Tzefania 3:15 (‖ הֵסִיר); hence make clear, with a direct object הַבַּיִת, that is clear away things scattered about, make orderly, Germ. ‘aufräumen,’ Breishis 24:31; empty it Vayikra 14:36; figuratively, with a direct object דֶּרֶךְ make clear, free from obstacles, Yeshaya 40:3; Yeshaya 57:14; Yeshaya 62:10 Malachi 3:1; direct object om. clear away (ground) before it, that is to plant it Tehillim 80:10 (figuratively).

(especially Je) past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הִפְנָה Yirmiya 48:39, 3rd feminine singular הִפְנְתָה Yirmiya 49:24, etc.; future (עתיד) וַיֶּ֫פֶן Shoftim 15:4; infinitive (מקור) construct with suffix הַפְנֹתוֹ Shmuel Alef 10:9; participle (בינוני) מַפְנֶה Nachum 2:9;—

turn, with a direct object וַיֶּפֶן זָנָב אֶל־זָנָב Shoftim 15:4, עֹרֶף Yirmiya 48:39 (compare> הפך Yehoshua 7:8), שִׁכְמוֹ לָלֶכֶת Shmuel Alef 10:9.

make a turn, shew (signs of) turning, + נָסוּ Yirmiya 46:21, לָנוּס Yirmiya 49:24; opposite נָסוּ Yirmiya 46:5, compare Nachum 2:9; + אֶל person Yirmiya 47:3.

imperative (ציווי) mpl. הָפְנוּ Yirmiya 49:8 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 46 a, N.) be ye turned back! (in flight, + נֻסוּ); participle (בינוני) מָפְנֶה צָפ֫וֹנָה Yechezkel 9:2 the gate … which is faced northward (compare Qal 2 b).

↗ original

פָּנֶה

plural פָּנִים ₂₁₂₃ noun (masc.) Mishlei 25:23 and (Yechezkel 21:21 = edge; on Shmuel Beis 10:9 see below) f. face, also faces (as turned toward one);—plural absolute פָּנִים Breishis 32:31 +; construct פְּנֵי Shmuel Beis 14:32 +; with suffix 1st singular פָּנַי Breishis 43:3 +; 3rd masculine singular פָּנָיו Breishis 4:5 +, פָּנֵ֑ימוֹ Tehillim 11:7 (Konig^{ii. 1, 446}); 2nd masculine plural פְּנֵיכֶם Breishis 40:7 +, etc.;—usually c. verb plural, Breishis 4:5, Breishis 4:6; Shemos 33:14 +; c. verb singular Eicha 4:16 (through influence of intervening י׳, Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 146 a), Mishlei 15:14 (but read פִּי, as Keri, see פֶּה);—

face, faces (Yirmiya 30:6; Yechezkel 27:35 +, compare Yechezkel 1:6; Yechezkel 10:14, Yechezkel 10:21 etc.):

literally, of man Breishis 43:31; Shmuel Beis 19:5; Melachim Alef 19:13; Vayikra 13:41; Daniel 8:18; Daniel 10:9, Daniel 10:15 +; עוֹר פ׳ Shemos 34:29, Shemos 34:30, Shemos 34:35; pale (from alarm) Yeshaya 29:22; Yirmiya 30:6, flushed Yeshaya 13:8;Yechezkel 21:3, compare Nachum 2:11; Yoel 2:6; tearful Yeshaya 25:8; Iyov 16:16; sad, פ׳ רעים Breishis 40:7, compareNechemia 2:2, Nechemia 2:3, also רֹעַ פ׳ Koheles 7:3 that is sadness; יֵיטִב פ׳ Mishlei 15:13 maketh glad the face; נָֽפְלוּ פָנֶיךָ Breishis 4:5, Breishis 4:6 why is thy face fallen (in displeasure), compare Shmuel Alef 1:18 (reading נָֽפְלָה, נָֽפְלוּ, or הִפִּילָה); covered with shame Yechezkel 7:18; whence figuratively of confusion, discomfiture Yirmiya 51:51 Tehillim 69:8; Tehillim 83:17, etc.

of י׳ Shemos 33:20, compare v Shemos 33:23.

פָּנִים אֶל־פָּנִים face to face, of seeing (God) Breishis 32:31, compare Shoftim 6:22, knowing Devarim 34:10, judging Yechezkel 20:35, speaking Shemos 33:11, and so פ׳ בְּפ׳ Devarim 5:4; נִתְרָאֶה פָּנִים Melachim Beis 14:8 see each other (in the) face = meet each other in battle, compare v Melachim Beis 14:11 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:17, Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:21.

of relations with י׳: הֵרִים פ׳ Ezra 9:6, in worship (see also נשׂא); in spiritual sense Yirmiya 2:27; Yirmiya 32:33 (פָּנָה אֵלַי עֹרֶף וְלֹא פָנִים); נָתַן פ׳ לִדְרוֹשׁ י׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:3; נָתַן אֶת־פ׳ אֶל־אֲדֹנָי Daniel 9:3; הַבָּנִים קְשֵׁי פָנִים Yechezkel 2:4.

of י׳ himself, לֹא יָסִיר פָּנִים מִכֶּם Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:9; פְּנֵי י׳ בְּעֹשֵׂי רָ֑ע Tehillim 34:17; גַּעֲרַת פָּנֶיךָ Tehillim 80:17.—Vid. further under 7.

= presence, person, of י׳ Shemos 33:14, Shemos 33:15, בְּפָנָיו Devarim 4:37, מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו Yeshaya 63:9; לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים, see לֶחֶם; of י׳ in anger Eicha 4:16 Tehillim 21:10; Tehillim 139:7; of Absalom; Shmuel Beis 17:11; in weakened sense, nearly = with suffix (compare נפשׁ 4 a), Tehillim 42:12; Tehillim 43:5 Mishlei 7:15.

c. ראה technically, see one’s face, that is appear before one, in one’s presence: before a man Breishis 32:21 (+ 3 other uses of פ׳), (God, c. יראה pointed as Niph., see II 2); especially as privilege, = have access to, man of rank Breishis 43:3, Breishis 43:5; Breishis 44:23, Breishis 44:26, king Shemos 10:28^(×2) compare v Shemos 10:29 (all J), Shmuel Beis 14:24^(×2), Shmuel Beis 14:28, Shmuel Beis 14:32 compare Shmuel Beis 3:13^(×2); רֹאֵי פְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ Melachim Beis 25:19 = Yirmiya 52:25;Esther 1:14; implying favour of person seen, man Breishis 33:10, God v Breishis 33:10, compare Iyov 33:26 (Hiph.), and, c. חזה, Tehillim 11:7; Tehillim 17:15.

face of seraphim Yeshaya 6:2, cherubim Shemos 25:20^(×2) = Shemos 37:9^(×2), Yechezkel 1:8, Yechezkel 1:11; Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:13 +.

face of animals, פְּנֵי הַצֹּאן Breishis 30:40; פ׳ אַרְיֵה וּפ׳ שׁוֹר ופ׳ נֶשֶׁר Yechezkel 1:10 (in descr. of cherubim), compare Yechezkel 10:14; פ׳ אַרְיֵה also Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:8 (figuratively), פ׳־כְפִיר Yechezkel 41:19; פִּתְחֵי פ׳ Iyov 41:6 of crocodile.

face (= surface) of ground (הָאֲדָמָה) Breishis 2:6; Breishis 4:14; Breishis 7:4 Tehillim 104:30 +, so פ׳ הָאָרֶץ Breishis 1:29; Breishis 7:3; Breishis 8:9; Breishis 11:4, Breishis 11:8, Breishis 11:9; Breishis 19:28; Yeshaya 24:1, פ׳ תֵבֵל Yeshaya 14:21; Yeshaya 27:6; of a field; Mishlei 24:31; פ׳ תְהוֹם Breishis 1:2^(×2) Iyov 38:30, פ׳ הַמַּיִם Breishis 7:18; פ׳ רְקִיעַ הַשָּׁמַיִם Breishis 1:20; פ׳־כִסֵּה Iyov 26:9 that is of God’s throne (but Budde reads כֶּסֶה fullmoon); פ׳ הַלּוֹט Yeshaya 25:7 see [לוּט]; פ׳ לְבוּשׁוֹ Iyov 41:5 the expanse of his [the crocodile’s] coat; front (especially Ezek.), of house Yechezkel 41:14; Yechezkel 47:1, פ׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ Yechezkel 41:21; of gate Yechezkel 40:6, Yechezkel 40:20, Yechezkel 40:22; Yechezkel 42:15; Yechezkel 43:4; of chamber Yechezkel 40:44^(×2), Yechezkel 40:45, Yechezkel 40:46; of pot (סִיר) Yirmiya 1:13; פ׳ הַמִּלְחָמָה Shmuel Beis 10:9 battle-front = Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:10 (verb agrees with הַמּ׳ in gender, Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 146 a); = van of locust-army Yoel 2:20 (opposite סֹפוֹ); front, that is edge, of sword Yechezkel 21:21, of axe Koheles 10:10; = condition, state of a thing, as denoted by its appearance; of flock Mishlei 27:23; פ׳ הַדָּבָר Shmuel Beis 14:20 the appearance (situation, attitude) of the affair.

as adverblocation מִפָּנִים וּמֵאָחוֹר Shmuel Beis 10:9 before and behind = פ׳ וְא׳ Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:10, also Yechezkel 2:10; Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:14; פְּנֵי toward Shir HaShirim 7:5, also in front (to the East?) of Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:16 (see לִפְנֵי d below); לְפָנִים forward Yirmiya 7:24 (opposite לְאָחוֹר); מִלִּפְנִים Melachim Alef 6:29 see פְּנִימָה; adverbtemp. לְפָנִים formerly Devarim 2:12, Devarim 2:20; Yehoshua 11:10; Shoftim 1:10, Shoftim 1:11, Shoftim 1:23 + 12 times; מִלְּפָנִים Yeshaya 41:26 from beforetime (‖ מֵרֹאשׁ).

for other phrases see: אוֹר verb Hiph. 5; אוֹר n. 10; בּוֹשׁ Hiph.; בקשׁ Pi. 3; בּשֶׁת 1, p. 102; [הַכָּרָה], p. 648; הָדַר 2; וָעַם Niph.; וָעַף 1; חָבַשׁ 1 a; I. חָדָה; I. חָוַר; חָזַק Pi. 5; II. חלה; IV. חמר; חָפָה; טָחַן; יָעַד Hoph.; יְשׁוּעָה 3, p. 447; כּוּן Hiph. 3; כִּפֶּר 1, p. 497; כָּסָה Pi. 1, 2; מָאוֹר, p. 22; מְגַמָּה p. 169; I. מוּל; מַשּׂא, p. 673; [נָבַט] Hiph. 3; נֶגֶד 1, 2 c; נֹכַח; נָכַר Hiph.; נָפַל 3 b, and Hiph. 5; נָשָׂא 1 b (3); נָתַן 2 b; סָבַב Hiph. 1 a; סָתַר Hiph. 2; סֵתֶר 2 a; עַז, עָזַז Hiph.; עָמַד Hiph. 6 a; ii. עֻמָּה; [צָרַב]; [קָדַם] Pi.; שִׂים; שׁוּב Hiph.; שִׁית; II. שָׁנָה Pi.; תֹּפֶת I. עֵבֶר 2.

פְּנֵי, with prepositions:—

אֶל־פְּנֵי:

to the presence of, Shemos 23:17 pregn. יֵרָאֶה … אֶל־פְּנֵי הָאָדוֹן shall appear (coming) to the presence of (= before) י׳ (‖ Shemos 34:23 אֶת־פְּנֵי הָא׳); c. יָצָא = to confront Divrei HaYamim Beis 19:2.

to the front of, after a verb of motion, Vayikra 6:7 הַקְרֵב אֹתָהּ … אֶל־פְּנֵי הַמִּזְבֵּחַ, Vayikra 9:5; Vayikra 16:2 Bamidbar 17:8; Bamidbar 20:10.

towards or on the front of (אֶל = עַל: see p. 41), Yechezkel 41:4, Yechezkel 41:12, Yechezkel 41:15, Yechezkel 41:25; Yechezkel 42:2, Yechezkel 42:3, Yechezkel 42:7, Yechezkel 42:10, Yechezkel 42:13; Yechezkel 45:7; Yechezkel 48:21.

on to the surface of, Vayikra 14:53 וְשִׁלַּח … אֶל־פְּנֵי הַשָּׂדֶה, Yechezkel 16:5.

אֶת־פְּנֵי close by (II. אֵת) the face or front of: hence

in the presence of, Shmuel Alef 2:11 אֶת־פ׳ עֵלִי Melachim Alef 12:6 who stood אֶת־פ׳ שְׁלֹמֹה (compare לִפְנֵי Melachim Alef 10:8), Esther 1:10; Mishlei 17:24; pregn. (nisi וַיַּנִּחֵם leg., Peshitta Targum Wellhausen Driver and elsewhere) Shmuel Alef 22:4. Spec. אֶת־פְּנֵי י׳ Breishis 19:13 (Shmuel Alef 2:17), v Shmuel Alef 2:27 Shmuel Alef 2:18; and with נִרְאָה of the appearance of all males at the three annual חַגִּים, Shemos 34:23 יֵרָאֶה כָּל־זְכוּרְךָ אֶת־פ׳ הָאָדֹן, v Shemos 34:24 Devarim 16:16 (compare Driver), Devarim 31:11; Shmuel Alef 1:22 (‖אל־פ׳ י׳ Shemos 23:17); so פָּנַי alone Shemos 23:15 = Shemos 34:20 (לֹא יֵרָאוּ פָנַי רֵיקָם), Yeshaya 1:12, פָנֶיךָ Tehillim 42:3 (according to many, as Gesenius^{Gesenius' Thesaurus} Dillmann Shemos 23:15 Cheyne Yeshaya 1:12, crit. n., the verb in all these passages was originally Qal, afterwards pointed as Niph. to avoid the expression see the face of י׳); אֶת־פָּנֶיךָ in thy presence Tehillim 16:11; Tehillim 21:7; Tehillim 140:14.

in front of, Breishis 33:18 וַיִּחַן אֶת־פ׳ הָעִיר, Vayikra 4:6 לִפְנֵי י׳ אֶת־פ׳ פָרֹכֶת הַקֹּדֶשׁ, v Vayikra 4:17.—מֵאֵת פְּנֵי from before, see II. אֵת 4 a.

בִּפְנֵי: †(a) in the face of, mostly in partic. phrases, with hostile import: thus, with יָרַק to spit Bamidbar 12:14; Devarim 25:9; התיצב to make a stand Devarim 7:24; Devarim 11:25, and עמד Yehoshua 10:8, לֹא יַעֲמֹד אִישׁ בְּפָנֶיךָ Yehoshua 21:42; Yehoshua 23:9; עָנָה to answer (give evidence) against, Hoshea 5:5 וענה גאון ישׂראל בפניו, Hoshea 7:10; Iyov 16:8; וְנָקֹטּוּ בִּפְנֵיהֶם = feel loathing against their own selves, Yechezkel 6:9, so Yechezkel 20:43; Yechezkel 36:31. †(b) in front of, Yechezkel 42:12.

לִפְנֵי, proposes at the face or front of, the most general word for in the presence of, before: as Breishis 18:22 עֹמֵד לִפְנֵי אַבְרָהָם, Shemos 4:21; Shemos 11:10; Shmuel Beis 2:14; Mishlei 17:18 + often; after a verb of motion, Breishis 47:2 וַיַּצִּיגֵם לפני פ׳ and set them before Phoenician, Breishis 27:20 כִּי הִקְרָה י׳ לפני literally made (it) to meet before me (compare Breishis 24:12), Shemos 29:10; Mishlei 18:16 etc. In partic.,

With the implication of (a) under the eye or oversight of, Devarim 25:2; Shmuel Alef 3:1. (b) under the eye and regard of, Breishis 17:18 לוּ יִשְׁמָעֵאל יִחְיֶה לְפָנֶיךָ, Hoshea 6:2; Yeshaya 53:2 Tehillim 61:8; compare Yirmiya 30:20; Yirmiya 31:36; Yeshaya 66:22 Tehillim 102:29: also Shmuel Alef 2:28; Shmuel Beis 19:14. (c) figuratively for in (or into) the full (mental) view of, Breishis 6:13 קֵץ כָּל־בָּשָׂר בָּא לְפָנַי is come in before me, Eicha 1:22 תָּבֹא כָל־רָעָתָם לְפָנֶיךָ, Yonah 1:2 עָֽלְתָה לְפָנַי (compare אֶל Breishis 18:21; Shemos 2:23), Yeshaya 65:6 כְּתוּבָה לְפָנָ֑י, Yirmiya 2:22 נִכְתָּם עֲוֹנֵךְ לְפָנַי (compare נֶגְדִּי Yeshaya 47:12). (d) openly before, Shmuel Alef 12:2 הִתְהַלֵּךְ לִפְנֵי, and with collat. idea of deserving (and receiving) regard Shmuel Alef 2:35, especially לפני י׳ Breishis 17:1 and elsewhere (see p. 236a). (e) in presence of the moon or sun, Tehillim 72:5, Tehillim 72:17, that is as long as they endure. (f) free before, at the disposal of, Breishis 13:9 הֲלֹא כָל־הָאָרֶץ לְפָנֶיךָ (compare Breishis 20:15; Breishis 34:10; Breishis 47:6; Yirmiya 40:4; Divrei HaYamim Beis 14:6), Breishis 24:51; Shir HaShirim 8:12. (g) in the sight (estimation) of, Breishis 7:1 thee have I seen to be just before me, Breishis 10:9 a mighty hunter before י׳, Devarim 24:4 תּוֹעֵבָה ל׳ י׳, v Breishis 10:13 צְדָקָה ל׳ י׳, Shmuel Alef 20:1, אָרוּר ל׳ י׳ Yehoshua 6:26; Shmuel Alef 26:19, לְרָצוֹן ל׳ י׳ acceptable before י׳, Vayikra 1:3 +, Tehillim 19:15; Melachim Beis 5:1 a great man לִפְנֵי אֲדֹנָיו, Mishlei 14:12 Tehillim 143:2; וַיִּיטַב ל׳ (late syn. of earlier בְּעֵינֵי) †Nechemia 2:5, Nechemia 2:6; Esther 5:14; טוֹב ל׳ Koheles 2:26; Koheles 7:26; compare also נָתַן לְרַחֲמִים לִפְנֵי, see רַחֲמִים. (h) לִפְנֵי י׳, spec. of acts done with a solemn sense of י׳’s presence, often, but not always, at a sanctuary: Breishis 27:7 that I may eat and bless thee before י׳, before I die, Shemos 18:12 to eat bread before God, Devarim 1:45 ye wept before י׳, Devarim 6:25; Devarim 12:7 (to eat, so v Devarim 12:18 Devarim 14:23, Devarim 14:26; Devarim 15:20), v Devarim 15:12 (rejoice, so v Devarim 15:18 Devarim 27:7; Yeshaya 9:2), Yehoshua 18:6; Yehoshua 24:1; Shoftim 11:11; Shoftim 20:23, Shoftim 20:26; Shoftim 21:2; Shmuel Alef 7:6; Shmuel Alef 10:19; Shmuel Alef 11:15; Shmuel Alef 12:7; Shmuel Alef 15:33; Shmuel Alef 23:18; Shmuel Beis 5:3; Shmuel Beis 7:18; Shmuel Beis 21:9; and constantly in P, as Shemos 16:9, Shemos 16:33, Shemos 16:34; Vayikra 1:5, Vayikra 1:11; Vayikra 3:1, Vayikra 3:7 etc.; of residents in Jerus. Yeshaya 23:18. So in הָלַךְ ל׳ י׳ Melachim Alef 2:4 and elsewhere (see p. 234^b c).

In other phrases:—(a) עָמַד לִפְנֵי to stand before, that is wait upon, be in attendance on, Devarim 1:38 and elsewhere (see עָמַד 1 e). Simil. הָיָה לְפְנֵי Shmuel Alef 19:7 (compare Shmuel Alef 29:8), Melachim Beis 5:2; עָבַד ל׳ Shmuel Beis 16:19. (b) הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה לִפְנֵי to bow down before Breishis 23:12; Devarim 26:10; Melachim Beis 18:22 and elsewhere (see under שָׁחָה; also נָפַל 3 b): so with הִתְפַּלֵּל to pray Shmuel Alef 1:12 +; compare הלך לפני Melachim Alef 12:30; Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:30. (c) to be smitten (נִגַּף) before a foe; see נָגַף Niph. [contrast נוּס מִפְּנֵי: below 6 a]. So with נָפַל Shmuel Alef 14:13; נָתַן (in helplessness or flight), especially in Dt, as Devarim 1:8, Devarim 1:21; Devarim 7:2, Devarim 7:23; Yehoshua 10:12; Yehoshua 11:6 + (Driver ^{Dt lxxxii}): compare Shoftim 4:15; Shmuel Beis 5:20; Yeshaya 45:1; Yirmiya 1:17. (d) עָמַד לִפְנֵי to stand (make a stand) before (not quite so strong as ע׳ בִּפְנֵי, above 3), Shemos 9:11; Shoftim 2:14; Melachim Beis 10:4; Yirmiya 49:19 Tehillim 76:8; Tehillim 147:17; Nachum 1:6; so with הִתְיַצֵּב Devarim 9:2; Yehoshua 1:5; Iyov 41:2, קוּם Yehoshua 7:12, Yehoshua 7:13. (e) in hostile sense (rare), יָצָא לִפְנֵי go forth to face Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:8; Divrei HaYamim Beis 14:9. (f) לִפְנֵי (נָתַן) שִׂים, of food, to set or place before, Breishis 18:8; Breishis 24:33 +. (g) נָתַן לִפְנֵי to set before, that is propound for acceptance or choice, usually of laws (especially Dt Je), Devarim 4:8; Devarim 11:26, Devarim 11:32; Devarim 30:1, Devarim 30:15, Devarim 30:19; Melachim Alef 9:6 (D²), Yirmiya 9:12; Yirmiya 21:8; Yirmiya 26:4; Yirmiya 44:10; Daniel 9:10, compare Yechezkel 23:24 (place at disposal of): so with שִׂים Shemos 19:7; Shemos 21:1.

With reference to position: (a) in front of, before, especially with vbs. of motion (with which נֶגֶד is hardly used), Breishis 32:21 בַּמִּנְחָה הַהֹלֶכֶת לְפָנָ֔י that goeth before me, Breishis 33:14 the cattle אֲשֶׁר לְפָנַי, Shemos 17:5; Shemos 23:20 etc.; in the description of a march or procession, Shemos 13:21, Shemos 13:22; Bamidbar 10:33; Yeshaya 52:12; Yeshaya 58:8 +; Shmuel Beis 3:31 and wail before Abner (before his bier); of flocks before a shepherd Breishis 32:18; of captives or booty driven before a conqueror Shmuel Alef 30:20 (read וַיִּנְהֲגוּ לְפָנָיו Wellhausen Driver), Yeshaya 8:4; Yeshaya 40:10 = Yeshaya 62:11 וּפְעֻלָּתוֹ לְפָנָיו his recompence (that is his newly-recovered people, regarded as his prize of war) before him, Amos 9:4; Eicha 1:5, Eicha 1:6. (b) of a leader, etc. = at the head of, Devarim 10:11; Shoftim 9:39; Shmuel Alef 8:20; Micha 1:13 and elsewhere; compare בא ויצא לפני (העם) Bamidbar 27:17; Shmuel Alef 18:13, Shmuel Alef 18:16; Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:10; Koheles 4:16 before whom (at whose head) he was. (c) denoting superiority, before, above, Breishis 48:20 וַיָּשֶׂם את־אפרים לפני מנשׁה, Iyov 34:19.

Of places (not very common): Shemos 14:2 before Pi-haḥiroth …, before Baal-ẓephon, Bamidbar 33:7; Breishis 23:17 אשׁר ל׳ מַמְרֵא (usually על פני מ׳: see 7 a d), Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:7; Nechemia 8:1, Nechemia 8:3; before the temple, veil, altar, etc., Shemos 16:34 + ל׳ הָעֵדֻת, Shemos 30:6 + ל׳ הַפָּרֹכֶת, Shemos 40:5, Shemos 40:6; Bamidbar 3:38; Bamidbar 7:10 and elsewhere (all P), Melachim Alef 6:20(?), Melachim Alef 6:21; Melachim Alef 7:49 +.

Of time, before: Amos 1:1 לפני הָרָֽעַשׁ׃ before the earthquake, Breishis 29:26; Breishis 30:30 לְפָנַי before me (that is before I came to thee), Shemos 10:14 לפניו לא היה כן before it there was not the like, Bamidbar 13:22; Melachim Alef 16:25, Melachim Alef 16:30 מִכֹּל אֲשֶׁר לְפָנָיו, Yeshaya 43:10; Yeshaya 48:7; Mishlei 8:25; Iyov 15:7 etc. Sq. inf., Breishis 13:10 לִפְנֵי שַׁחֵת י׳ before י׳’s destroying, etc., Breishis 27:7 לִפְנֵי מוֹתִי, Breishis 36:31; Shmuel Alef 9:15 +. Once, in late Hebrew, לִפְנֵי מִזֶּה before this Nechemia 13:4.

In the manner of, like (rare and doubtful), Shmuel Alef 1:16 אַל־תִּתֵּן אֶת־אֲמָֽתְךָ לִפְנֵי בַת־בִּלִיַּעַל like a worthless woman, Iyov 3:24 like my food, Iyov 4:19 they are crushed like the moth (compare Lat. pro).

מִלִּפְנֵי₇₃ from before:—

from the presence of (properly, from a position before a person or object: to be distinguished from מִפְּנֵי; see 6): (a) Breishis 41:46 ויצא יוסף מִלִּפְנֵי פ׳ from before Phoenician Breishis 47:10; Melachim Beis 5:27; Melachim Beis 6:32 +; מל׳ י׳ Breishis 4:6 Cain went forth from before י׳, Yonah 1:3, Yonah 1:10; spec. of the sanctuary, Vayikra 9:24 ותצא אשׁ מלפני י׳ (so Vayikra 10:2), קֶצֶף Bamidbar 17:11 (compare Divrei HaYamim Beis 19:2), with לָקַח etc. Vayikra 16:12; Bamidbar 17:24; Bamidbar 20:9; Shmuel Alef 21:7 the shew-bread that was removed from before י׳; from before a place Melachim Alef 8:54; Ezra 10:6 Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:13. (b) of taking, etc., from before a person, Breishis 23:4 to bury my dead from before me, v Breishis 23:8 Shemos 36:3; Devarim 17:18 וכתב לו מִשְׁנֵה התורה הזאת מל׳ הכהנים from (the copy) before the priests, Devarim 28:31 גָּזוּל מלפניך. (c) with בקשׁ Esther 4:8 [compare מִן קֳדָם Daniel 2:18]; and to express the idea of proceeding from a person, Esther 1:19 [compare Daniel 2:15], Koheles 10:5; Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:12 הָעשֶׁר והכבוד מלפניך (compare Acts 3:19); Tehillim 17:2 מלפניך יֵצֵא משׁפטי. (d) of cutting off, etc., from before י׳ (compare לִפְנֵי a b, c), Vayikra 22:3; Melachim Alef 8:25 לֹא־יִכָּרֵת לְךָ אִישׁ מִלְּפָנַי, Yirmiya 31:36; Yirmiya 33:18; Yeshaya 48:19: Tehillim 51:13 אַל־תַּשְׁלִיכֵנִי מִלְּפָנֶיךָ (compare 8 a); Yirmiya 16:17 לֹא נִסְתְּרוּ מִלְּפָנַי, Yirmiya 18:23; Nechemia 3:37. (e) of expelling from before an invader, Shemos 23:28; Devarim 9:4; Devarim 11:23; Devarim 31:3 + (but much less common than מִפְּנֵי).

(Chiefly late) to express the source or cause, with the force of the לְ weakened, in cases where the earlier language would have used מִפְּנֵי: with vbs. of fearing, Shmuel Alef 18:12; Koheles 3:14; Koheles 8:12, Koheles 8:13; Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:30 חִילוּ מִלְּפָנָיו [‖ Tehillim 96:9 מפניו], Tehillim 114:7^(×2); Esther 7:6; Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:7 (+ מפני); failing, etc., Yeshaya 57:16 Tehillim 97:5; being humbled, Melachim Alef 21:29 (+ מפני), Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:12, Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:23; Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:27 [‖ Melachim Beis 22:19 מפני], Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:12; crying for help Shmuel Alef 8:18 [compare מפני Shemos 3:7], singing Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:33 [‖ Tehillim 96:13 לפני], fleeing Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:18 [‖ Shmuel Beis 10:18 מִפְּנֵי].

of time, once, = לִפְנֵי Koheles 1:10. With later usages of מל׳, compare מִן קֳדָם in Biblical Aramaic and Targum (Driver^{Smend lxx–lxxi, lxxiii}); see also Konig^{ii. 320}. Cp. מִלְּפָנִים Yeshaya 41:26 (‖מֵרֹאשׁ).

מִפְּנֵי from the face or presence of, from before, Shemos 14:19 וַיִּסַּע עמוד הענן מִפְּנֵיהֶם removed from before them, Yeshaya 30:11; Hoshea 11:2; so

(often with suggestion of causation (see מִן 2 d, e, f), because of, for fear of [so Authorized Version Revised Version Shoftim 9:21; Shmuel Alef 21:11; Shmuel Alef 23:26; Yirmiya 35:11^(×2); Yirmiya 37:11; Yirmiya 41:9; Yirmiya 50:16]) after vbs. of hiding Breishis 3:8; Breishis 4:14; Yeshaya 2:10 (compare v Yeshaya 2:19, Yeshaya 2:21); and especially of escaping, Shoftim 9:21 (Gesenius' Thesaurus ‘bene Vulgate ob metum A.’), Shmuel Alef 18:11; Shmuel Alef 19:10; Shmuel Alef 23:26, or fleeing, Shemos 4:3; Shemos 14:25; Shmuel Alef 17:24 + often (see בָּרַח and נוּס), and expelling, destroying, etc. Shemos 23:30 אֲגָֽרְשֶׁנּוּ מִפָּנֶיךָ I will expel them from before thee, Shemos 34:11, Shemos 34:24 אוֹרִישׁ גּוֹיִם מִפָּנֶיךָ (see הוֹרִישׁ), Vayikra 18:24; Devarim 8:20; Amos 2:9 Tehillim 89:24 + often (as though clearing the way for Israel, for Israel’s sake: compare Yeshaya 63:12 בּוֹקֵעַ מַיִם מִפְּנֵיהֶם, Yehoshua 2:10; Yehoshua 4:23). Pregn. Yeshaya 17:9 כַּעֲזוּבַת … אשׁר עזבו מפני בני ישׂר׳ which they forsook (fleeing) from before, etc.

implying causation more distinctly, Tehillim 9:4 יאבדו מפניך perish from before thee or at thy presence, Devarim 7:20: very often with vbs. of fearing, as נור, יגר, חיל, ירא, ערץ, פחד, קוץ Shemos 9:30; Bamidbar 22:3^(×2); Devarim 1:17; Yirmiya 5:22 etc. (mostly when the object inspiring fear is a person: when it is a thing, מִן alone is preferred; but see Devarim 5:5; Devarim 9:19); of being alarmed or dismayed Breishis 45:3; Yehoshua 2:9; Yirmiya 1:17; Iyov 23:15, etc.; of humbling oneself Shemos 10:3; Shoftim 11:33 +; with other words, to indicate the external ground of an action or effect, as הַס מִפָּנָיו be silent at (that is because of) his presence Tzefania 1:7; Chavakuk 2:20; Shoftim 5:5 the mts. flowed מפני י׳ at the presence of י׳, Yeshaya 63:19; Yirmiya 4:26; Nachum 1:5, Tehillim 68:3 as wax melteth מפני אשׁ; Devarim 20:19; Yeshaya 19:1; Yeshaya 26:17 כן היינו מפניך so were we through thy presence (more than לפניך,—implying that their state was due to י׳); קום מפני to rise up at the presence of Breishis 31:35; Vayikra 19:32. (N.B. In a, b, freq. rendered before in Authorized Version Revised Version, and so confused with לפני; but the מִן retains always its full force in the Hebrew)

of the cause, whether nearer or more remote: (a) Breishis 6:13 מָֽלְאָה הָאָרֶץ חָמָס מִפְּנֵיהֶם because of them (that is occasioned by them), Breishis 27:46 I loathe my life because of the daughters of Heth, Breishis 36:7 the land could not support them because of their cattle, Breishis 41:31; Breishis 47:13; Shemos 3:7 their cry by reason of their task-masters, Shemos 8:20 תִּשָּׁחֵת הָאָרֶץ מִפְּנֵי הֶעָרֹב, Shemos 9:11; Yehoshua 2:11; Yehoshua 23:3; Shoftim 2:18; Shoftim 6:6; Melachim Alef 5:17; Melachim Alef 8:11; + often; Yeshaya 10:27 (Revised Version margin), Yirmiya 15:17 Tehillim 38:4, Tehillim 38:6, etc.; Yirmiya 4:4 + מִפְּנֵי רֹעַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶם by reason of the evil of your doings, Yirmiya 7:12; Yirmiya 9:6; Yirmiya 13:17; Yirmiya 14:16; Yirmiya 23:9 + often (b) stating the reason for which a thing is not done (Lat. prae), Melachim Alef 8:11 Iyov 37:19. †(c) with אֲשֶׁר as a conjunction, twice, because that, Shemos 19:18; Yirmiya 44:23.—Bamidbar 33:8 see פִּי הַחִירֹת.

עַל־פְּנֵי (compare Phoenician עַל פְּנֵ, עלת פְּנֵ, Lidzbarski³⁵²) has different meanings according to the different senses of the noun and the preposition:—

From the sense of face or front: (a) in front of (more definite and distinct than לפני): Tehillim 18:43 as dust before the wind (compare לפני Tehillim 35:5; Tehillim 83:14 +), Breishis 32:22 the present passed on על־פניו in front of him, Shemos 33:19 אעביר כל־טוּבי על־פניך, Shmuel Beis 15:18, Shmuel Beis 15:23 (read על־פניו: see Driver), Iyov 4:15; = in the sight of, Vayikra 10:3 ועל־פני כל העם אֶכָּבֵד, Yirmiya 6:7 עַל־פָּנַי תָּמִיד חֳלִי וּמַכָּה, Yirmiya 13:26 (compare Nachum 3:5), Tehillim 9:20 יִשָּֽׁפְטוּ גוים על־פניך before thee: defiantly, Iyov 1:11 אם־לא על־ פניך יְרָֽרְכֶךָּ will renounce thee to thy face, Iyov 6:28 ועל־פניכם אם אֲכַזֵּב, Iyov 21:31; to die in the presence of any one (= in his lifetime) †Breishis 11:28; Bamidbar 3:4. (b) before, to the exclusion of another, that is in preference to, Devarim 21:16, and perhaps (Ewald's Hebrew Grammar § 217 l) Shemos 20:3 (Devarim 5:7) לא יהיה לך אלהים אחרים על־פני (Gesenius' Thesaurus and elsewhere as c). (c) in addition to, Iyov 16:14 פֶּרֶץ עַל־פְּנֵי־פֶרֵץ יִפְרְצֵנִי. (d) of localities, in front of, mostly (but not always: see G.F. Moore Ju., p. 351) = east of, Melachim Alef 6:3 the porch in front of, etc., v Melachim Alef 6:3 Melachim Alef 7:6; Melachim Alef 8:8; Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:17; Yechezkel 42:8; Breishis 16:12 על־פני כל־אחיו ישׁכן (compare Breishis 25:18), perhaps (Dillmann and elsewhere) with collateral idea of defiance; עַל־פ׳ מַמְרֵא Breishis 23:19 (Breishis 50:13), Shemos 16:14; often in אשׁר על־פני … Breishis 25:9 (Breishis 49:30), מצרים v Breishis 49:18 (Yehoshua 13:3 Shmuel Alef 15:7), Bamidbar 21:11; Bamidbar 33:7, ירחו Devarim 32:49 (Devarim 34:1), Yehoshua 13:3, Yehoshua 13:25; Yehoshua 15:8 (Yehoshua 18:16), Yehoshua 17:7; Yehoshua 18:14; Yehoshua 19:11; Shoftim 16:3; Shmuel Alef 24:3 (probably), Shmuel Alef 26:1, Shmuel Alef 26:3; Shmuel Beis 2:24; Melachim Alef 11:7 (the Mt. of Olives, E. of Jerus.; so Melachim Beis 23:13; Zecharia 14:4), Melachim Alef 17:3, Melachim Alef 17:5.—Breishis 1:20 let fowl fly על־פני רקיע השׁמים in front of the firmament of heaven, viz. as looked up to from below, that is between the firmament and the earth. (e) with vbs. implying direction, over towards, Breishis 18:16 וישׁקף על־פני סדם, Breishis 19:28; Bamidbar 21:20 (Bamidbar 23:28) נשׁקפה על־פני הישׁימן overlooking; to sprinkle against the front of Vayikra 16:14; in a hostile sense (rare), Nachum 2:2 עָלָה מֵפִיץ עַל־פָּנַיִךְ, Tehillim 21:13; Yechezkel 32:10.

From the sense of surface, Breishis 1:2 על־פני תהום upon the face of the deep, Shemos 16:14 על־פ׳ המדבר: often in the phrases הארץ (כל) על־פני Breishis 1:29; Breishis 7:3; Breishis 11:4, and (more freq.) על־פני האדמה on the face of the ground Breishis 6:1; Breishis 7:23 etc.; על פני השׂדה Vayikra 17:5; Bamidbar 19:16; Shmuel Alef 14:25 +; after vbs. of motion, Shmuel Alef 11:4 lest we be scattered over the face of all the earth, v Shmuel Alef 11:8, Shmuel Alef 11:9; Shemos 32:20; Vayikra 14:7 (v Vayikra 14:53 אל), Yeshaya 18:2; Yeshaya 19:8; Amos 5:8; Yechezkel 32:4; Iyov 5:10 +.

מֵעַל־פְּנֵי:

from before the face of, Breishis 23:3 Abraham rose up מֵעַל פְּנֵי מֵתוֹ from before his dead, that is from mourning before or beside it; †(פניו) מֵעַל פני from before my (his) face, often in K Je of the rejection of Isr. or the temple, as with שִׁלַּח Melachim Alef 9:7 (‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:20 השׁליך), Yirmiya 15:1, השׁליך Melachim Beis 13:23; Melachim Beis 24:20 (Yirmiya 52:3), Yirmiya 7:15, נטשׁ Yirmiya 23:39, הסיר Melachim Beis 17:18, Melachim Beis 17:23; Melachim Beis 23:27; Melachim Beis 24:3; Yirmiya 32:31.

from off the surface of, often in the phrase מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה, with verbs of cutting off, removing, expelling, etc., †Breishis 4:14; Breishis 6:7; Breishis 7:4; Breishis 8:8; Shemos 32:12; Devarim 6:15; Shmuel Alef 20:15; Melachim Alef 9:7; Melachim Alef 13:34; Amos 9:8; Yirmiya 28:16; Tzefania 1:2, Tzefania 1:3.

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פְּנִ֫ימָה

adverb (ה location) 1. towards the (in-) side. 2. within (literally faceward, from point of view of one entering by opposite door);—of a building, usually temple:

after verb of motion Vayikra 10:18; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:18, and (after הִגִּיד) Melachim Beis 7:11, also לִפ׳ Yechezkel 41:3; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:16.

פ׳ Melachim Alef 6:18, also לִפ׳ v Melachim Alef 6:30, so read also v Melachim Alef 6:29 (for Masoretic Text מִלִּפְנִים, see Kmp^Kau Kittel Benzinger), Yechezkel 40:16^(×2), also Tehillim 45:14 Masoretic Text, that is within the house, but Krochm Gratz Cheyne and elsewhere (plausibly) פְּנִינִים, q.see; מִפּ׳ Melachim Alef 6:19, Melachim Alef 6:21 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:4.

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פְּנוּאֵל

proper name (face of God, compare G.F. Moore Shoftim 8:8; late Assyrian Panîli Hilpr^{Univ. Pa. Exp. ix. 68});—Φανουηλ, but in Gn εἶδος (τοῦ) Θεοῦ:

location E. of Jordan, near Jabboḳ Breishis 32:32 Shoftim 8:8^(×2), Shoftim 8:9, Shoftim 8:17 Melachim Alef 12:25 = פְּנִיאֵל Breishis 32:31: site unknown; see especially Paine^{Bib. Sac. 1878, 481 ff.}

m.

in Judah Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:4.

in Benjamin Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:25 Keri (Kesiv פניאל).

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פְּנוּאֵל²

see פנה.

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פָּנִים

etc., see פנה.

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פִּנָּה

noun (fem.) corner;—absolute פ׳ Melachim Beis 14:13 +, construct פִּנַּת Yirmiya 31:40 +; with suffix פִּנָּתָהּ Iyov 38:9, פִּנָּהּ Mishlei 7:8 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 91 e); plural פִּנּוֹת absolute Tzefania 1:16 Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:15, פִּנִּים Zecharia 14:10; construct פִּנּוֹת Melachim Alef 7:34 +, etc.;—

corner, of square objects Melachim Alef 7:34 + v Melachim Alef 7:30 (read פִּנּוֹתָיו for פַּעֲמֹתָיו, compare Kittel), Shemos 27:2; Shemos 38:2; Yechezkel 43:20; Yechezkel 45:19; of house Iyov 1:19, roof Mishlei 7:12; Mishlei 21:9 = Mishlei 25:24; אֶבֶן לְפ׳ Yirmiya 51:26 that is a corner-stone; אֶבֶן פ׳ of earth Iyov 38:9; compare (figuratively) Tehillim 118:22, and (אבן om.) Yeshaya 28:16; פ׳ = street-corner Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:24.

specif. of wall of Jerus., Nechemia 3:24 (in SE.), v Nechemia 3:31, Nechemia 3:32 (NE.); שַׁעַר הַפּ׳ Melachim Beis 14:13 + ‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:23 Septuagint Peshitta Targum and most (for Masoretic Text שׁ׳ הַפּוֹנֶה), + (see שַׁעַר); הַפִּנּוֹת appar. with battlements Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:15; of cities in generally הַפּ׳ הַגְּבֹהוֹת Tzefania 1:16; of the nations Tzefania 3:6.

figuratively of chief, ruler as corner (support or defence), Shoftim 20:2; Shmuel Alef 14:38; Yeshaya 19:13 (read perhaps plural); Zecharia 10:4 (+ יָתֵד q.see).

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פְּנִינִים

n.[f.]plural corals (? as branching, compare Arabic فَنَنٌ branch of tree; so Mich Gesenius' Thesaurus and elsewhere; > pearls Bo^{Hieroz. 601} Dillmann Jb after Ra and elsewhere);—פ׳ figuratively of value Mishlei 20:15; usuallyמִפּ׳, comp. Iyov 28:18; Mishlei 3:15 (Kesiv מפניים), Mishlei 8:11; Mishlei 31:10 (all of value), Eicha 4:7 (of red colour); + Tehillim 45:14 (perhaps; for פְּנִימָה, q.see).

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פְּנִנָּה

proper namef. (proposes singular of foregoing?) wife of Elkanah Shmuel Alef 1:2^(×2), Shmuel Alef 1:4, Φεννανα.

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פַּס

see פסס.

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פָּסַח

verb pass or spring over;—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Shemos 12:27, וּפ׳ consec. v Shemos 12:23; 1st singular וּפָסַחְתִּ֫י v Shemos 12:13, all c. עַל, of י׳ passing over (sparing) houses of Isr.; infinitive (מקור) absolute פָּסוֹחַ Yeshaya 31:5 a passing over (sc. עַל־יְרוּשָׁלַםִ).

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פֶּ֫סַח

noun (masc.) passover (usually (Gesenius' Thesaurus and most) from I. פסח, with reference to Shemos 12:13 etc.; Reuss^{Gesch. A.T. § 58} passing over into new year; Schaefer ^{Passah-Mazzoth (1900), 346} cp. Assyrian pašâḫu, soothe, placate [deity], < be sooted, Pi. trans., Jen^{ZA iv (1889), 275} Zim^{Babylonian Rel. i (1896), Gloss.; ii (1899), 92}; Schwally^{Idiot. 124} from II. פסח, of sacred dance);—absolute פ׳ Shemos 12:11 +; פָּ֑סַח v Shemos 12:21 +; plural פְּסָחִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:17 + 3 times;—

sacrifice of passover, involving communion-meal, hence a species of peace-offering (compare i. זֶבַח II. 2), זֶבַח פ׳ הוא לי׳ Shemos 12:27, compare v Shemos 12:11; זָבַח פ׳ Devarim 16:2, Devarim 16:5, Devarim 16:6; אכל הפ׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:18; the special feature lay in the application of blood to homes to consecrate them; compare simile Babylonian rite of purification Zim ^{ib. ii. 126–7}.

the animal victim of the passover: שׁחט פ׳ Shemos 12:21 Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:15; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:1, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:6, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:11; Ezra 6:20, compare Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:17; בשׁל הפ׳ באשׁ Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:13; לפסחים Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:7, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:8, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:9. [Passover animals (compare Br^{Hexateuch. 206}) were צֹאן flock Shemos 12:21, שֶׂה v Shemos 12:3, Shemos 12:4, Shemos 12:5, incl. כֶּבֶשׁ and עֵז v Shemos 12:5; צאן ובקר Devarim 16:2; large numbers of all these (שֶׂה not used) in Josiah’s passover, according to Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:7, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:8, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:9, but evident mingling of whole burnt-offerings for the passover with special passover victim.]

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פָּסַח²

verb limp (Gesenius' Thesaurus under I. פ׳, but doubtful; Arabic فَسَخَ is dislocate; according to Gerber⁷³ II. פ׳ is denom. from פִּסֵּחַ [and this under I. פ׳?]);—

participle (בינוני) plural פֹּסְחִים עַל־שְׁתֵּי הַסְּעִפִּים Melachim Alef 18:21 figuratively (see [סְעִפָּה]).

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיִּפֹּל וַיִּפָּסֵחַ Shmuel Beis 4:4 and he fell and was made limping (lame).

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural וַיְפַסְּחוּ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ Melachim Alef 18:26 they went limping (along by the altar), that is probably in their dance, see Kittel Pietschm^{Phön. 220} (Gratz ויפסעו [= וַיִּפְשְׂעוּ] stepped).

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פָּסֵחַ

proper name (masc.) (limper);—

in Judah Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:12, Βεσσηε, Φεσση, etc.

head of post-ex. family Ezra 2:49 = Nechemia 7:50, Φισον, etc., SeptuagintL Φασσα.

father of wall-builder Nechemia 3:6, Φασεκ, Φεσσε.

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פִּסֵּחַ

adjective lame;—absolute פ׳ Shmuel Beis 9:13 +; plural פִּסְחִים Shmuel Beis 5:6 +;—as attrib. Vayikra 21:18 (+ עִוֵּר); pred. Shmuel Beis 19:27, פ׳ שְׁתֵּי רַגְלָיו Shmuel Beis 9:13 lame as to both his feet; compare also (of animal) Devarim 15:21 (+ עִוֵּר); as noun Shmuel Beis 5:6, Shmuel Beis 5:8;^(×2) Yirmiya 31:8; Malachi 1:8, Malachi 1:13; Iyov 29:15 (all + עִוֵּר), also Yeshaya 33:23; Yeshaya 35:6; Mishlei 26:7.

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פָּסַל

verb hew, hew into shape (Mishnaic Hebrew Pi. hew off boughs; Aramaic פְּסַל, ܦܣܰܠ = Biblical Hebrew; Nabataean פסלא stone-cutter);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular with suffix פְּסָלוֹ Chavakuk 2:18; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיִּפְסֹל Shemos 34:4, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. פְּסָל־ Shemos 34:1; Devarim 10:1;—hew out stone tablets Shemos 34:1, Shemos 34:4; Devarim 10:1, Devarim 10:3; building-stones Melachim Alef 5:32; c. cogn. direct object (with suffix referring to פֶּסֶל) Chavakuk 2:18.

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פֶּ֫סֶל

noun (masc.) Chavakuk 2:18 idol, image;—absolute פ׳ Shoftim 17:3 +, פָּ֑סֶל Yeshaya 42:17; construct פֶּסֶל Shoftim 18:31 +; with suffix פִּסְלִי Yeshaya 48:5, etc.; plural supplied by פְּסִילִים, see following;—idol, as likeness of man or animal Shemos 20:4 = Devarim 5:8; Devarim 4:16, Devarim 4:23, Devarim 4:25, also Devarim 27:15; Melachim Beis 21:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 33:7; Yeshaya 42:17; Yeshaya 44:9; Yeshaya 48:5; Nachum 1:14; Chavakuk 2:18 (of wood or stone, compare v Chavakuk 2:19); of metal Shoftim 17:3, Shoftim 17:4 + 6 times 18 (compare G.F. Moore), Yeshaya 40:19; Yeshaya 44:10 (c. נָסַךְ), Yirmiya 10:14; Yirmiya 51:17 (c. צוֹרֵף); of wood Yeshaya 40:20; Yeshaya 44:15, Yeshaya 44:17; Yeshaya 45:20.

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פַּס²

n.[m.] flat of hand or foot (palm, sole);—only כְּתֹנֶת פַּסִּים tunic reaching to palms and soles (see כ׳) Breishis 37:3, Breishis 37:23, Breishis 37:32; Shmuel Beis 13:18, Shmuel Beis 13:19 (compare Driver).

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פָּעָה

verb groan (onomatop. according to Gesenius' Thesaurus; Mishnaic Hebrew Hiph. bleat, so Arabic بعى, بغى Dozy; Aramaic פְּעָא, ܦܥܳܐ bleat);—future (עתיד) 1st singular כַּיּוֹלֵדָה אֶפְעֶה Yeshaya 42:14 (of י׳ straining himself to deliver Isr., + אֶשֹּׁם [נשׁם], אֶשְׁאַף).—[אֶפַע] Yeshaya 41:24, see p. 67.

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פָּ֑עוּ

proper name (place) in Edom, פָּ֑עוּ Breishis 36:39 = פָּ֑עִי Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:50; Φογωρ, SeptuagintL Ch Φαουα.

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פָּעַל

verb do, make (poet. for עָשָׂה) (Mishnaic Hebrew פּוֹעֵל workman, compare J Aramaic; Phoenician פעל = Biblical Hebrew (often); Arabic فَعَلَ the same; Old Aramaic פעל; Syriac in der. spec. and deriv.);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular Devarim 32:27 +, פָ֫עַל אֵל Bamidbar 23:23, 2nd masculine singular פָּעַלְתָּ Shemos 15:17 +, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְעַל Iyov 22:17 +; 2nd masculine singular תִּפְעָל־ Iyov 35:6, etc.; infinitive (מקור) construct לְפָעֳלָם Iyov 37:12 (see below); participle (בינוני) active פֹּעֵל Tehillim 15:2 +, plural construct פֹּעֲלֵי Tehillim 5:6 +, etc.;—

do:

of God, with a direct object (abstr.) Bamidbar 23:23; Devarim 32:27; Iyov 33:29, יְשׁוּעוֹת Tehillim 74:12; + ל person Tehillim 31:20; Tehillim 68:29; Yeshaya 26:12 Iyov 22:17; with a direct object cogn. פֹּעַלִ Tehillim 44:2 Chavakuk 1:5; direct object om. Yeshaya 43:13, compare Yeshaya 41:4.

of men, with a direct object Tehillim 11:3 Iyov 11:8, + ל person (God) Iyov 7:20, + ב person (God) Iyov 35:6; especially of doing evil, שָׁ֑קֶר Hoshea 7:1, עָוֶל Iyov 34:32, עַוְלָה Iyov 36:23 Tehillim 58:3; Tehillim 119:3, אָוֶן Mishlei 30:20, especially פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן Hoshea 6:8; Yeshaya 31:2 Iyov 31:3; Iyov 34:8, Iyov 34:22 Tehillim 5:6 + 15 times ψ, Mishlei 10:29; Mishlei 21:15, פֹּעֲלֵי רָע Micha 2:1; rarely of doing right, with a direct object מִשְׁפָּטוֹ Tzefania 2:3, צֶדֶק Tehillim 15:2.

of clouds, with a direct object Iyov 37:12 (disregarding—֑).

make:

of God, with a direct object concr. object + ל end Mishlei 16:4, ל of 2nd object Tehillim 7:14; פֹּעֲלִי Iyov 36:3 my Maker.

of man, with a direct object concr. Yeshaya 44:12, Yeshaya 44:15; direct object om. Yeshaya 44:12 Tehillim 7:16.—Yeshaya 1:31 see פֹּעַל.

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פֹּ֫עַל

noun (masc.) Mishlei 20:11 doing, deed, work (poet. and late, nearly = מַעֲשֶׂה);—פ׳ absolute Chavakuk 1:1 Tehillim 44:2, construct Devarim 33:11 +; with suffix פָּעֳלוֹ Devarim 32:4 +, פֹּעֲלוֹ Yeshaya 1:31 (Konig^{ii. 1, 35, 493} Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 93 q, see below), Yirmiya 22:13; פָּעָלְכֶם Yeshaya 41:24, etc.; plural פְּעָלִים; Shmuel Beis 23:20; Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:22;—

deed, thing done:

of God, פָּעֳלוֹ his work in providence Devarim 32:4; Yeshaya 5:12; Iyov 36:24; in deliverance Tehillim 44:2 (as direct object cogn.), Tehillim 77:13 + 5 times; in judgment Tehillim 64:10; Tehillim 95:9, as direct object cogn. Chavakuk 1:5.

of false gods Yeshaya 41:24.

of men, daily toil Iyov 24:5 Tehillim 104:23; specif. act Rus 2:12; פ׳ יָדָיו of sacrificing Devarim 33:11; plural of achievements Shmuel Beis 23:20 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:32; action as having moral quality Iyov 34:11; Mishlei 20:11; Mishlei 24:12, Mishlei 24:29, evil implied Yirmiya 25:14; Yirmiya 50:29; Iyov 36:9 Tehillim 28:4, פ׳ כַּפָּיו Tehillim 9:17; פ׳ חָמָס Yeshaya 59:6; good action Mishlei 21:8.

work, thing made:

by hands of God Yeshaya 45:9, Yeshaya 45:11 (of men).

by man Yeshaya 1:31 (that is probably his idol Gesenius Cheyne^commentaries Dillmann and elsewhere; > read בַּעֲלוֹ Lagarde^{Sem. 1:5} Stade^{journal ZAW iii (1883), 12 f.}).

wages of work Yirmiya 22:13; Iyov 7:2.

acquisition of treasures Mishlei 21:6.

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פְּעֻלְּתַי

proper name (masc.) Levite Divrei HaYamim Alef 26:5, Ιαφθοσλααθι, A Φολλαθι, SeptuagintL Φελλαθι.

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פַּ֫עַם

noun (fem.) Shemos 8:28 (masculine only Shoftim 16:23 [text suspicious, see G.F. Moore Albr^{journal ZAW xvi (1896), 76} Konig^{Synt. § 248 m}], Shmuel Beis 23:8 [< Qr fem.], Melachim Alef 7:30 [crpt., see below]) beat, foot, anvil, occurrence;—absolute פ׳ Breishis 2:23 +; פָּ֑עַם Breishis 46:30 +; dual פַּעֲמַיִם Breishis 27:36 +, etc.; plural פְּעָמִים Breishis 33:3 +; also (concr.) construct פַּעֲמֵי Shoftim 5:28 +; with suffix פְּעָמַי Tehillim 57:7; Tehillim 119:133, etc.; פַּעֲמֹתָיו (only 1 c) Shemos 25:12 + 2 times;—

poet., hoof-beat Shoftim 5:28; late, of human footfall, footstep, figuratively Tehillim 17:5 (‖ אֲשׁוּרַי), Tehillim 119:133; וְיָשֵׂם לְדֶרֶךְ פְּעָמָיו Tehillim 85:14.

foot, figuratively, Tehillim 57:7; Tehillim 58:11; Tehillim 74:3; Tehillim 140:5 Mishlei 29:5; literally Yeshaya 26:6 (‖ רֶגֶל), Shir HaShirim 7:2; בְּכַף פ׳ Melachim Beis 19:24 = Yeshaya 37:25.

foot, of ark Shemos 25:12; Shemos 37:3.—פַּעֲמֹתָיו Melachim Alef 7:30 read פִּנּוֹתָיו (compare v Melachim Alef 7:34).

= anvil (struck by hammer) Yeshaya 41:7.

occurrence (orig. stroke):

הַפַּעַם now Shoftim 16:18; פ׳ אֶחָ֑ת [אַחַת] one time, once Yehoshua 6:3, Yehoshua 6:11, Yehoshua 6:14, Yehoshua 10:42 + 3 times + Shmuel Beis 23:8 Keri (> Kesiv אחד); פַּעֲמָ֑יִם twice Breishis 41:32 + 6 times; פ׳ Nachum 1:9 second time; אַרְבַּע פ׳ Nechemia 6:4 four times; חָמֵשׁ אוֹ שֵׁשׁ פ׳ Melachim Beis 13:19, compare פ׳ חֲמִישִׁית Nechemia 6:5; also c. שָׁלשׁ, שֶׁבַע, q.see; עֶשֶׂר פ׳ (זֶה) Bamidbar 14:22 Nechemia 4:6; Iyov 19:3, all indef. = over and over; indef. also פַּעַם וּשְׁתָּ֑יִם Nechemia 13:20 once and [that is or] twice; פַּעֲמַיִם שָׁלוֹשׁ Iyov 33:29 twice (or) thrice; מֵאָה פְעָמִים Shmuel Beis 24:3 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:3, אֶלֶף פ׳ Devarim 1:11; פ׳ רַבּוֹת Tehillim 106:43 Koheles 7:22; עַד־כַּמֶּה פְעָמִים Melachim Alef 22:16 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:15.

כְּפַעַם־בְּפַעַם as time on time, that is as formerly, as usual, Bamidbar 24:1 Shoftim 16:20; Shoftim 20:30, Shoftim 20:31; Shmuel Alef 3:10 (compare Driver) Shmuel Alef 20:25.

הַזֹּאת (גַּם) כַּפַּעַם at this repetition (this time) also Shemos 8:28; Shemos 9:14 + 3 times; גַּם בַּפּ׳ הַהִוא Devarim 9:19; Devarim 10:10.

הַפַּעַם (Hexateuch only J): (1) = this once Breishis 18:32, אַךְ הַפּ׳ Shemos 10:17; Shoftim 6:39, רַק־הַפּ׳ v Shoftim 6:39, אַךְ הַפּ׳ הַזֶּה Shoftim 16:28 (הַזֶּה doubtful, see above); (2) = now at length Breishis 2:23; Breishis 29:34, Breishis 29:35; Breishis 30:20; Breishis 46:30; Shoftim 15:3; Shoftim 16:18, compare also Shemos 9:27 now at length (it is clear that) I have sinned.

פַּעַם … פָּ֑עַם Mishlei 7:12 now … now, at one time … at another.

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פַּעֲמֹן

n.[m.] bell, on high-p.’s robe (from its stroke, beat);—פ׳ absolute Shemos 39:26^(×2) construct פ׳ זָהָב Shemos 28:34^(×2); plural הַפַּעֲמֹנִים Shemos 39:25, construct פַּעֲמֹנֵי זָהָב Shemos 28:33; Shemos 39:25.

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פַּעֲרַי

proper name (masc.) Shmuel Beis 23:35 (compare Phoenician proper name (masc.) פער) = נַעֲרַי q.see

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פְּעוֹר

proper name Φογωρ:

mont. in Moab (appar. from some √ פעֿר);—Bamidbar 23:28 compare (בֵּית פ׳, בַּעַל פ׳ and reff.; also) Buhl^{Geogr. 122} Driver Devarim 3:29; [Septuagint Yehoshua 15:59 [60] gives a Φαγωρ with Bethlehem; see also Septuagint for פָּ֑עוּ, פָּ֑עִי].

dei. (appar.) Bamidbar 25:18^(×2) (compare בַּעַל פ׳ v Bamidbar 25:3, Bamidbar 25:5), Bamidbar 31:16 Yehoshua 22:17.

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פָּצָה

verb part, open (Arabic فَصَى i, ii. separate, remove; Aramaic פְּצָא especially set free, ܦܰܨܺܐ Pa. set free);—

past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular פָּֽצְתָה Breishis 4:11 +, 2nd masculine singular פָּצִיתָ Shoftim 11:36, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְצֶה Iyov 35:16; imperative (ציווי) ms. פְּצֵה Yechezkel 2:8, with suffix פְּצֵנִי Tehillim 144:7, Tehillim 144:11; participle (בינוני) פֹּצֶה Yeshaya 10:14, פּוֹ׳ Tehillim 144:10;—

open mouth:

to swallow, figuratively of ground, הָאֲדָמָה Breishis 4:11, Bamidbar 16:30, הָאָרֶץ Devarim 11:6; of enemies, + עַל person Eicha 2:16; Eicha 3:46 Tehillim 22:14; literally Yechezkel 2:8.

to speak Shoftim 11:35, Shoftim 11:36 (utter a vow, + אֶל־י׳); Iyov 35:16; hence = utter, אֲשֶׁר פָּצוּ שְׁפָתַי Tehillim 66:14; of bird chirping פֹּצֶה פֶה Yeshaya 10:14 (in figuratively).

snatch away, set free (Aramaic loan-word), only Tehillim 144, + הִצִּיל c. מִן v Tehillim 144:7, Tehillim 144:11; פ׳ c. מִן v Tehillim 144:10.

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פָּצַל

verb

peel (Mishnaic Hebrew Pi. split, divide; so Arabic فَصَلَ J.Aramaic (Talm.) פְּצַל, Syriac ܦܨܰܠ; akin to בצל q.see);—past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פִּצֵּל Breishis 30:38 (object rods); future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיְפַצֵּל v Breishis 30:37 (with a direct object cogn.).

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פֶּ֫צַע

noun (masc.)^{Mishlei 27:6} bruise wound;—absolute פ׳ Shemos 21:25; Yeshaya 1:6 (figuratively), Mishlei 20:30, פָּ֑צַע Shemos 21:25; with suffix פִּצְעִי Breishis 4:23; plural פְּצָעִים Mishlei 23:29; figuratively also construct פִּצְעֵי Mishlei 27:6 and with suffix פְּצָעַי Iyov 9:17.

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פָּצַץ

verb break (Arabic فَضَّ break, break asunder; Nabataean פצץ break asunder; Syriac ܦܰܥ crush);—Pōʿ. future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְפֹצֵץ סָ֑לַע Yirmiya 23:29 a hammer which shatters rock.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular with suffix וַיְפַצְפְּצֵנִי Iyov 16:12 he [God] dashed me in pieces (figuratively) Hithpōʿ.

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פָּקַד

verb attend to, visit, muster, appoint (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, visit, enjoin; Phoenician פקד attend to, provide; Assyrian paḳâdu = Biblical Hebrew; Arabic فَقَدَ; faqada) lose, miss; also (Dozy) give heed, attention, to; Ethiopic ፈቀደ; visit, muster, desire, need, etc.; Nabataean פקד command (Cook), so Targum פְּקַד Pa. Syriac ܦܩܰܕ, also visit);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Shemos 4:31 +; 1st singular פָּקַדְתִּי Shemos 3:16 +, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְקֹד Breishis 50:24 +, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. פְּקֹד Bamidbar 3:15 +, etc.; infinitive (מקור) absolute פָּקֹד Breishis 50:24 +; construct לִפְקֹד Shmuel Beis 24:4 +, etc.; participle (בינוני) active פֹּקֵד Shemos 20:5 +; passive פְּקֻדִים(הַ) Shemos 30:14 +, construct פְּקוּדֵי Bamidbar 31:14 +, etc.;—

pay attention to, observe (with care, practical interest), of י׳ with a direct object person + rei Shemos 3:16, with a direct object person Shemos 4:31 (J; ‖ רָאָה), Tehillim 8:5 (with providence, compare פְּקֻדָּה Iyov 10:12; ‖ זָכַר); with a direct object rei Shmuel Alef 15:2 Tehillim 80:15 (‖ הִבִּיט, רָאָה), Eicha 4:22 (‖ גִּלָּה עַל), יִזְכֹּר עֲוֹנָם וְיִפְקֹד חַטֹּאתָם Hoshea 8:13 = Hoshea 9:9 = Yirmiya 14:10; Shmuel Alef 17:18 observe thy brothers as to well-being (לְשָׁלוֹם; that is see how they fare).

attend to, in act, see to, with a direct object person Melachim Beis 9:34; direct object of sheep Yirmiya 23:2 (in figuratively); compare Zecharia 10:3; Zecharia 11:16.

seek (with interest, desire), seek י׳ Yeshaya 26:16; in bad sense, look about for Yechezkel 23:21. Hence

seek in vain, need, miss, lack (compare Niph., and Arabic Ethiopic above), with a direct object person Shmuel Alef 20:6; Yeshaya 34:16, rei Shmuel Alef 25:15 Yirmiya 3:16.

specif. visit, with a direct object, for different purposes: with (ב) a present Shoftim 15:1; especially of י׳, visit graciously Breishis 21:1; Breishis 50:24, Breishis 50:25 = Shemos 13:19 (all E), Yeshaya 23:17; Yirmiya 15:15 (‖ זָכַר), Yirmiya 27:22; Yirmiya 29:10; Yirmiya 32:5 Tehillim 65:10 Rus 1:6 +; בִּישׁוּעָתֶ֑ךָ Tehillim 106:4 (‖ זָכַר); visit to search, test, direct object person Iyov 7:18 (‖ בָּחַן), Tehillim 17:3 (‖ the same; object om.), absolute Iyov 31:14; to punish Yirmiya 6:15; Yirmiya 49:8; Yirmiya 50:31 Tehillim 59:6; direct object person om. Shemos 32:34 Yeshaya 26:14, c. עַל rei (of sin) Yirmiya 5:9, Yirmiya 5:29; Yirmiya 9:8 (here + ב person); direct object rei Tehillim 89:33; absolute, of י׳’s anger Iyov 35:15.

c. עַל person, visit upon, י׳ subj., + direct object rei (of sin) Amos 3:2, Amos 3:14 Hoshea 1:4; Hoshea 2:15; Shemos 20:5; Shemos 34:7 Devarim 5:9 + 10 times; direct object rei om., = punish Yeshaya 10:12 Yirmiya 9:24; Yirmiya 11:22; Yirmiya 13:21 + 10 times Je, + 8 times; + כ rei Hoshea 12:3 Yirmiya 21:14; + cl. of sin Hoshea 4:14; c. אֶל person Yirmiya 50:18^(×2), אֶל + עַל Yirmiya 46:25; indef. subj. c. עַל of vineyard = injure Yeshaya 27:3.

pass in review, muster (nearly = number), with a direct object, Shmuel Alef 11:8; Shmuel Alef 13:15; Shmuel Beis 24:2, Shmuel Beis 24:4 + 11 times + Bamidbar 1:3, Bamidbar 1:19, Bamidbar 1:44, Bamidbar 1:49 + 16 times Nu; direct object om. Shmuel Alef 14:17^(×2) Bamidbar 3:42; object נָוֶה Iyov 5:24; especially pt. passive, persons or things mustered (numbered), Shemos 30:12, Shemos 30:13, Shemos 30:14; Shemos 38:25, Shemos 38:26;Bamidbar 1:21, Bamidbar 1:22 + 67 times Nu, + Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:24.

appoint:

with a direct object person + אִתָּם Breishis 40:4, + עַל person over whom Yirmiya 15:3; Yirmiya 51:27; Bamidbar 27:16, + אֶל (for עַל) Yirmiya 49:19 = Yirmiya 50:44; with a direct object person alone Bamidbar 3:10, + בְּרֹאשׁ הָעָם Devarim 20:9; pt. passive plural appointed ones, officers, of (fighting) host Bamidbar 31:14, Bamidbar 31:48; Melachim Beis 11:15 Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:14.

with a direct object rei, appoint, assign, + עַל person to whom, Bamidbar 4:27 (on text see Dillmann); with a direct object rei only, v Bamidbar 4:32; compare Iyov 34:13; Iyov 36:23; lay upon (עַל person) as a charge, Tzefania 3:7 (reading מֵעֵינֶיהָ, Septuagint Wellhausen Nowack, for מְעוֹנָהּ); + inf. Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:23 = Ezra 1:2; = deposit, with a direct object rei + ב location, Melachim Beis 5:24 (compare פִּקָּדוֹן).

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular נִפְקַד Shmuel Alef 25:7 +; 2nd masculine singular וְנִפְקַדְתָּ֫ Shmuel Alef 20:18; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפָּקֵד v Shmuel Alef 20:18 +, etc.; infinitive (מקור) הִפָּקֵד absolute Melachim Alef 20:39; construct Shoftim 21:3;—

be (sought, that is needed) missed, lacking Shmuel Alef 20:18 + v Shmuel Alef 20:19 (Septuagint, for Masoretic Text תֵּרֵד, Wellhausen Driver and elsewhere), Shmuel Alef 25:7 Melachim Alef 20:39 (+ inf. absolute), Melachim Beis 10:19^(×2) Yirmiya 23:4 (Gratz Giesebrecht conjunction יִפְחָ֖דוּ), + מִן particle Shoftim 21:3; Shmuel Alef 25:21; Shmuel Beis 2:30 Bamidbar 31:49; of seat Shmuel Alef 20:18, place v Shmuel Alef 25:27 (that is be empty).

be visited (graciously) Yechezkel 38:8; Yeshaya 24:22, compare Yeshaya 29:6 (ב accomp.; see Dillmann).

be visited upon, עַל person, Bamidbar 16:29 (subj. פְּקֻדָּה); בַּל יִפּ׳ רָ֑ע Mishlei 19:23 evil shall not be visited (sc. upon him; read perhaps שׂבֵר עָלָיו for שָׂבֵעַ יָלְין see Toy).

be appointed Nechemia 7:1, + עַל Nechemia 12:44.

(intens.) muster a host, participle (בינוני) מְפַקֵּד Yeshaya 13:4 (of י׳).

be passed in review, past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פֻּקַּד Shemos 38:21; be caused to miss, deprived of, 1st singular פֻּקַּדְתִּי Yeshaya 38:10 with a direct object rei. Yeshaya 38:10 sense doubtful, Gesenius am (shall be) missed for; Hitzig Dillmann De Cheyne^commentaries am punished, muleted of.

be mustered, past (עבר) 3rd plural הִתְפָּֽקְדוּ Shoftim 20:15, Shoftim 20:17; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיִּתְפָּקֵד Shoftim 21:9; 3rd masculine plural Shoftim 20:15 (on form see Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 541).

the same, past (עבר) 3rd plural הָתְפָּֽקְדוּ Melachim Alef 20:27 Bamidbar 1:47; Bamidbar 2:33; Bamidbar 26:62 (Gesenius^l.c.).

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הִפְקִיד Breishis 39:5 +, 2nd masculine singular with suffix הִפְקַדְתּוֹ Shmuel Alef 29:4, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יַפְקִיד Yeshaya 10:28, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. הַפְקֵד Bamidbar 1:50 Tehillim 109:6, etc.;—

with a direct object person, set (over), make overseer, Melachim Beis 25:23; + עַל Breishis 39:4 Yirmiya 1:10 Bamidbar 1:50 + 8 times, figuratively, direct object of punishment, Vayikra 26:16; + ב Yirmiya 40:5 + 3 times; + ב and על Breishis 39:5; + ל Melachim Alef 11:28; + אֲשֶׁר שָׁם Shmuel Alef 29:4 where thou hast stationed him, ins. also v Shmuel Alef 29:10 Septuagint The Wellhausen Driver and elsewhere; + אִתּוֹ Yirmiya 40:7, compare Yirmiya 41:10.

with a direct object rei (implic.),

commit, entrust (compare פִּקָּדוֹן), עַל־יַד פ׳ Melachim Alef 14:27 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:10; with a direct object רוּחִי + בְּיָֽדְךָ Tehillim 31:6.

deposit, with a direct object rei + ב location Yirmiya 36:20, + ל location Yeshaya 10:28; direct object person (Jer. as prisoner) + ב location Yirmiya 37:21.

be visited in punishment, past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הָפְקַד Yirmiya 6:6 (impers.; but Septuagint ψευδής, read הַשֶּׁקֶר JDMich, הַפֶּרֶק Giesebrecht).

be deposited, אִתּוֹ Vayikra 5:23 (subj. הַפִּקָּדוֹן)

be made overseer, participle (בינוני) מֻפְקָדִים(הַ), c. בֵּית Melachim Beis 22:9; Melachim Beis 12:12 Keri (Kesiv הפקדים); בְּבֵית י׳ Melachim Beis 22:5 (Keri del. ב), Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:10; c. עַל person Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:12; absolute v Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:17.

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פְּקֻדָּה

noun (fem.) oversight, mustering, visitation, store;—absolute פ׳ Hoshea 9:7; Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:11; construct פְּקֻדַּת Bamidbar 3:32 +; with suffix פְּקֻדָּתוֹ Tehillim 109:8, etc.; plural פְּקֻדּ(וֹ)ת Yirmiya 52:11 +;—

visitation:

= punishment Hoshea 9:7; Yeshaya 10:3; Micha 7:4; Yechezkel 9:1; Bamidbar 16:29, especially in (שְׁנַת)עֵת פְּקֻדָּתָם Yirmiya 8:12; Yirmiya 10:15 + 6 times Je (compare עֵת c. פָּקַד Yirmiya 6:15; Yirmiya 49:8; Yirmiya 50:31), בֵּית הַפּ׳ = prison Yirmiya 52:11.

gracious visitation, providence Iyov 10:12.

oversight, charge Bamidbar 4:16, also Bamidbar 3:36 (P; redund.), Divrei HaYamim Alef 26:30; = office Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:18.

overseer (abstr. for concr.), Melachim Beis 11:18; Yechezkel 44:11 (c. אֶל rei), Bamidbar 3:32; coll. = magistracy Yeshaya 60:17 (Lagarde^{BN 151}), compare Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:11.

class of officers Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:11; Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:3, Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:19.

charge = thing entrusted Bamidbar 4:16.

mustering Divrei HaYamim Beis 17:14; Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:11.

store, things laid up, Yeshaya 15:7 Tehillim 109:8 (perhaps; Hupfeld Wellhausen^{Skizzen vi. 184} and elsewhere office).

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פְּקוּדִים

n.plural[m.] abstr. musterings, that is expenses;—construct פְּקוּדֵי Shemos 38:21 (see Dillmann).

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פָּקִיד

noun (masc.) commissioner, deputy, overseer;—absolute פ׳ Yirmiya 20:1 +; construct פְּקִיד Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:11; Nechemia 11:22; with suffix פְּקִידוֹ Shoftim 9:28; plural פְּקִדִים Breishis 41:34 Yirmiya 29:26, פְּקִידִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:13; Esther 2:3;—commissioner, for special duty Breishis 41:34, Esther 2:3; permanent deputy of king Shoftim 9:28, of priest Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:11, of Levites Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:13; overseer, one in charge of men, c. עַל of soldiers Melachim Beis 25:19 = Yirmiya 52:25, Benjamites Nechemia 11:9, priests v Nechemia 11:14; absolute, without עַל Yirmiya 29:26 (of priest in temple, reading פָּקִיד old versions Giesebrecht), compare Yirmiya 20:1 (see נָגִיד 3); c. with suffix of Levites Nechemia 11:22, singers Nechemia 12:42.

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פְּקִדֻת

noun (fem.) oversight;—בַּעַל פ׳ Yirmiya 37:13 sentinel.

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פְּקוֹד

proper namegent. et terr. a people in Babylonian army Yechezkel 23:23 (Φακουκ; A και Φουδ); יוֹשְׁבֵי פ׳ Yirmiya 50:21; = Assyrian Puḳûdu, tribe in SE. Babylonia, bordering Elam Winckler^{Sargon i. 241} Schrader^{Cuneiform Inscriptions & the Old Testament} Je Delitzsch^{Pa 240 f.}

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פָּקַח

verb open eyes and (once) ears (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, open (and remove) rubbish heap, followed by עַל look to, attend to; Arabic فَقَحَ blossom, ii. open eyes; J.Aram פְּקַח open eyes, etc.; Syriac ܦܩܰܚ blossom);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Iyov 27:19; 2nd masculine singular פָּקַחְתָּ Iyov 14:3; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיִּפְקַח Breishis 21:19 +; 1st singular אֶפְקַח Zecharia 12:4; imperative (ציווי) ms. פְּקַח Melachim Beis 6:17 +, so Daniel 9:18 Keri (Kesiv פקחה); infinitive (מקור) absolute פָּקוֹחַ Yeshaya 42:20; construct לִפְקֹחַ v Yeshaya 42:7; participle (בינוני) active פֹּקֵחַ Tehillim 146:8; passive fpl. פְּקֻחוֹת Yirmiya 32:19;—

open eyes:

one’s own Melachim Beis 4:35; Iyov 27:19; Mishlei 20:13; Melachim Beis 19:16 = Yeshaya 37:17; Daniel 9:18; + עַל Yirmiya 32:19; Zecharia 12:4 Iyov 14:3.

eyes of others Breishis 21:19 Melachim Beis 6:17^(×2), Melachim Beis 6:20^(×2) Yeshaya 42:7 Tehillim 146:8;—for details see עַיִן 1 j.

open ears = hear Yeshaya 42:20 (without understanding; figuratively of Isr.).

past (עבר) 3rd plural consec. וְנִפְקְחוּ Breishis 3:5; future (עתיד) 3rd feminine plural תִּפָּקַחְנָה Yeshaya 35:5, וַתּ׳ Breishis 3:7;—be opened, of eyes; figuratively, so as to know good and evil Breishis 3:5, Breishis 3:7; opposite blindness (figuratively) Yeshaya 35:5.

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פִּקֵּחַ

adjective seeing;—פ׳ Shemos 4:11 (opposite עִוֵּר); plural פִּקְחִים, figuratively, Shemos 23:8 clear-sighted ones (compare [עָוַר]).

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פֶּ֫קַח

proper name (masc.) usurping king of Israel, Φακεε (opening (? of eyes), or compare Syriac ܦܶܩܚܳܐ flower; compare proper name (masc.) פקח, פקחי, on old Isr. seals; in Assyrian Paḳaḫa (direct object) Schrader^{Cuneiform Inscriptions & the Old Testament} Melachim Beis 15:30);—Melachim Beis 15:25, Melachim Beis 15:27, Melachim Beis 15:29, Melachim Beis 15:30, Melachim Beis 15:31, Melachim Beis 15:32, Melachim Beis 15:37; Melachim Beis 16:1, Melachim Beis 16:5; Yeshaya 7:1; Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:6.

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פְּקַחְיָה

proper name (masc.) king of Israel (י׳ hath opened the eyes);—Melachim Beis 15:22, Melachim Beis 15:23, Melachim Beis 15:26, Φακεσιας, Φακειας.

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פְּקָעִים

noun (masc.) ^{Melachim Alef 7:24} plural carved wood or metal ornaments, either ball-, knob-shaped (Löw^{p. 332 f.}) or gourd-shaped (so most; compare following; Syriac ܦܩܺܝܥܶܐ flowers [Lexx]);—Melachim Alef 6:18; Melachim Alef 7:24^(×2).

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פַּקֻּעֹת

n.[f.] plural gourds (wild cucumbers, citrullus colocynthis, with purgative properties, according to Post^{Hastings DB ii. 250} De^{RIHWB 278 f.} Septuagint κολοκυνθίς; > momordica (or ecballium) elaterium, which is not a vine; compare Syriac ܦܰܩܽܘܥܳܐ, fruit of colocynthis (or the similar cucumis prophetarum), Löw^l.c. Brockelmann):—construct פ׳ שָׂדֶה Melachim Beis 4:39.

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פַּר

see פרר.

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פֶּ֫רֶא

noun (masc.) ^{Iyov 39:5} (m. et. f. Yirmiya 2:24, but f. probably erron., compare Konig^{Synt. 157} Albr^{journal ZAW xvi (1896), 68}) wild ass (probably from swiftness);—פ׳ absolute Hoshea 8:9 + (so Yirmiya 2:24 Gi; van d. H. Baer פֶּרֶה, construct Breishis 16:12; plural פְּרָאִים Yirmiya 14:6 +;—wild ass Yirmiya 14:6; Iyov 6:5; Iyov 39:5; Yeshaya 32:14 Tehillim 104:11; עַיִר פ׳ Iyov 11:12 wild ass’s colt; פ׳ אָדָם Breishis 16:12 a wild ass of a man (Ishmael as a free nomad); figuratively of wilfulness Hoshea 8:9 (see I. בָּדַד); of lust Yirmiya 2:24 (that is Israel’s love of idolatry); of poor desert-dwellers Iyov 24:5.

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פִּרְאָם

proper name (masc.) Canaanite king of Jarmuth Yehoshua 10:3, Φειδων, SeptuagintL Φεδαμ, A Φερααμ.

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פְּרוּדָא

proper name (masc.) post-exil. name Ezra 2:55 (Φαδουρα), = פְּרִידָא Nechemia 7:56 (Φερειδα; SeptuagintL as Ezr).

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פַּרְדֵּס

n.[m.] preserve, park (loan-word from Zend pairi-daêza, enclosure, Spieg Haug in Ewald^{Jarhb. see 162f.}, compare Spieg^{Avesta i, 293}; Pers. پاليز, pâlêz Lagarde^{Gesenius. Abh. 75, 211}, Kurd. parês Noldeke^{ZMG xxxvi (1882), 182}; hence Armenian paṛtêz Lagarde^{Arm. Stud. § 1878}, late Assyrian pardîsu Meissn^{ZA vi. 290}, Arabic فِرْدَوْسٌ; Gk. παράδεισος; compare also Delitzsch^{Pa 95 ff.} Dillmann Breishis 2:8);—הַפּ׳ Nechemia 2:8 (containing trees); construct פַּרְדֵּס רִמּוֹנִים Shir HaShirim 4:13 (fruit-trees and costly plants); plural פַּרְדֵּסִים Koheles 2:5 (+ גַּנּוֹת).

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פָּרָה

verb bear fruit, be fruitful (Mishnaic Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew 1, פְּרִי = Biblical Hebrew; Phoenician פר fruit; Ethiopic ፈርየ: ፈረየ: blossom, bear fruit; Assyrian pirʾu, posterity; compare also Targum פֵּירָא, Syriac ܦܶܐܪܳܐ fruit, and Barth^{ZMG xii (1887), 604});—

past (עבר) 3rd plural פָּרוּ Shemos 1:7; 1st plural consec. וּפָרִינוּ Breishis 26:22, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְרֶה Yeshaya 11:1, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. פְּרֵה Breishis 35:11, mpl. פְּרוּ Breishis 1:22 +; participle (בינוני) active פֹּרֶה Devarim 29:17, f. פֹּרִיָּה Yechezkel 19:10 Yeshaya 17:6, פֹּרָת (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 80 g; for *פֹּרַיַת Lagarde^{BN 81}) Breishis 49:22^(×2);—

of men and animals, Shemos 23:30 Breishis 26:22; especially + רבה Yirmiya 3:16; Yirmiya 23:3 Yechezkel 36:11; Breishis 35:11; Breishis 47:27, and שָׁרַץ Breishis 8:17; Breishis 9:7; Shemos 1:7, פְּרוּ וּרְבוּ וּמִלְאוּ וגו׳ Breishis 1:22, Breishis 1:28; Breishis 9:1.

of vine, גֶּפֶן פֹּרִיָּה Yeshaya 32:12 fruitful vine, so Tehillim 128:3 (simile of wife); compare (in figuratively of Isr.) Yechezkel 19:10; in Mess. prediction Yeshaya 11:1 a shoot from his [Jesse’s] roots shall bear fruit; with a direct object שֹׁרֶשׁ פ׳ רֹאשׁ figuratively, Devarim 29:17 a root bearing gall (as its fruit); יִפְרוּ יֶשַׁע Yeshaya 45:8 is doubtful, read perhaps 3rd feminine singular תֵּפֶר let earth be fruitful in salvation (Oort and elsewhere); participle (בינוני) f., as noun, הַפֹּרִיָּה the fruit-bearer, poet. for tree, Yeshaya 17:6 (compare [סָעִיף] 2); so בֵּן פֹּרָת Breishis 49:22^(×2) Joseph is son of a fruit-bearer, that is a fruitful bough.

1. cause to bear fruit, 2. make fruitful, subj. י׳, with a direct object of man or people:

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular with suffix הִפְרַנִי Breishis 41:52.

in P, וְהִפְרֵתִ֫י Breishis 17:6, Breishis 17:20 (-רֵיתֵ֫י), + הִרְבָּה Vayikra 26:9; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular juss. יַפְרְךָ וְיַרְבְּךָ Breishis 28:3, וַיֶּפֶר Tehillim 105:24; participle (בינוני) הִנְנִי מַפְרְךָ וְהִרְבִּיתִךָ Breishis 48:4

shew fruitfulness, bear fruit (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 53 c, d, g): future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יַפְרִיא Hoshea 13:15 (as if from פרא).

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פְּרִי

noun (masc.) Hoshea 14:9 fruit;—absolute פ׳ Hoshea 9:16 +, פֶּ֑רִי Yirmiya 12:12 +; especially construct פְּרִי Breishis 4:3 +; with suffix פִּרְיִי Mishlei 8:19, פֶּרְיְךָ Hoshea 14:9, פִּרְיוֹ Breishis 3:6 +, וּפֶרְיְכֶם Yechezkel 36:8, פְּרִיהֶם Amos 9:14, פִּרְיָם Eicha 2:20 +, פִּרְיָמוֹ Tehillim 21:11, פְּרִיהֶן Yirmiya 29:28, פִּרְיָן v Yirmiya 29:5, etc.;—

פְּרִי הָאֲדָמָה Breishis 4:3, fruit of the ground, of produce in generally, so Devarim 7:13 + 9 times Dt + 3 times; פ׳ הָאֶרֶץ Bamidbar 13:20, Bamidbar 13:26, Bamidbar 13:27 + 5 times, compare Yechezkel 25:4; fruit of vineyard Melachim Beis 19:29 = Yeshaya 37:30, Zecharia 8:12 Yeshaya 65:21 Shir HaShirim 8:11, Shir HaShirim 8:12, in figuratively Hoshea 10:1^(×2) + 5 times +Yechezkel 17:14 (but del. Septuagint Co and elsewhere); especially פ׳ הָעֵץ Breishis 3:2, Breishis 3:3, Breishis 3:6 Shemos 10:15 (all J) + 21 times, also, in figuratively, Amos 2:9 Hoshea 9:16 + 4 times + Yechezkel 17:23 (read פֹּארָה branches Co and elsewhere); of gardens Amos 9:14; Yirmiya 29:5, Yirmiya 29:28, figuratively Shir HaShirim 4:12, Shir HaShirim 4:16; עֵץ פְּרִי is fruit-tree Breishis 1:11 Tehillim 148:9, compare Koheles 2:5; אֶרֶץ פְּרִי Tehillim 107:34; פְּרִי תְּבוּאָה v Tehillim 107:37 fruit of (consisting in) a crop; Tehillim 72:16 is doubtful; Cheyne Duhm interpr. as 2; Baethgen proposes יִפְרוּ.

= off-spring: fruit of womb (בֶּטֶן) Breishis 30:2; Devarim 7:13 + 9 times, compare Eicha 2:20 Tehillim 21:11; of cattle (בְּהֵמָה) Devarim 28:4, Devarim 28:11, Devarim 28:51; Devarim 30:9; of serpent, figuratively of power conquering Philistia Yeshaya 14:29.

figuratively of fruit of actions, that is their consequences: good Yeshaya 3:10 Tehillim 58:12; bad Hoshea 10:13 Mishlei 1:31 Micha 7:13, of thoughts Yirmiya 6:19; of result of removing sin Yeshaya 27:9; result of labour (fruit of hands) Mishlei 31:16, Mishlei 31:31; product of works of י׳ Tehillim 104:13, of wisdom Mishlei 8:19; פ׳ צְדָקָה Amos 6:12, compare פ׳ צְדִּיק Mishlei 11:30 (read צֶדֶק Septuagint Hitzig Toy); of doings (that is course of life, or character) Yirmiya 17:10; Yirmiya 21:14; Yirmiya 32:19; פ׳ פִי־אִישׁ that is speech Mishlei 12:14; Mishlei 13:2; Mishlei 18:20; fruit of arrogance Yeshaya 10:12 is arrogant speech; fruit of tongue Mishlei 18:21 = consequences of speech.

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פָּרָה²

see III. פרר.

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פֶּרֶה

see פֶּרֶא

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פְּרָזוֹן

n.[m.] doubtful; פ׳ Shoftim 5:7; with suffix פִּרְזוֹנוֹ v Shoftim 5:11 (Lagarde^{BN 119}), poss. coll. rural population, rustics, Bachm Budde (the latter as generally object after צִדְקֹת righteous acts to the peasants); > Septuagint Gesenius' Thesaurus Be leaders and leadership (compare [פֶּרֶז]); text very uncertain; on v Shoftim 5:7 see [פְּרָזָה] above

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פָּרַח

verb bud, sprout, shoot (Mishnaic Hebrew Hiph. = Biblical Hebrew Hiph. 2; Ecclus פרח Qal = flourish, Hiph. causat., Ben Sira 49:10; Ben Sira 40:19; Arabic فَرِخَ ii. hatch, also sprout, فَرْخٌ young of bird (see אֶפְרֹחַ below), twig, sprout; Assyrian pirḫu, n. sprout;—on meaning compare G.F. Moore^{JBL x (1891), 57})—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Yechezkel 7:10 +, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְרַח Hoshea 14:6 +, 3rd feminine plural תִּפְרַחְנָה Yeshaya 66:14, etc.; infinitive (מקור) absolute פָּרֹחַ Yeshaya 35:2; construct בִּפְרֹחַ Tehillim 92:8; participle (בינוני) f. פֹּרַ֫חַת Breishis 40:10;—bud, sprout, send out shoots, of vine Breishis 40:10, Hoshea 14:8 (simile), Shir HaShirim 6:11; Shir HaShirim 7:13; fig-tree Chavakuk 3:17 (< Septuagint We Now תִּפְרֶה); rods Bamidbar 17:20, Bamidbar 17:23; metaphorically of restored Isr. Hoshea 14:6; Yeshaya 27:6, compare of bones Yeshaya 66:14 (כַּדֶּשֶׂא); of righteous Tehillim 72:7; Tehillim 92:13 Mishlei 11:28; of wicked (כְּמוֹ עֵשֶׂב) Tehillim 92:8; also of steppe (עֲרָבָה) Yeshaya 35:1, פָּרֹחַ תִּפְרַח v Yeshaya 35:2; figuratively of judgment Hoshea 10:4 (כָּרֹאשׁ; but on text see Nowack); of זָדוֹן (q.see p. 268) Yechezkel 7:10.

past (עבר) 1st singular הִפְרַחְתִּי Yechezkel 17:24; future (עתיד) יַפְרִחַ Iyov 14:9, etc.;—

cause to bud or sprout, with a direct object עֵץ Yechezkel 17:24, זֶרַע Yeshaya 17:11, both figuratively

shew buds, sprouts, of tree Iyov 14:9; figuratively of righteous Tehillim 92:14; = flourish, of אֹהֶל יְשָׁרִים, Mishlei 14:11 (all Qal in—ִ according to Barth^{ZMG xliii (1889), 180f.}).

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פָּרַח²

verb break out, of leprosy and like eruptions (in P) (usually taken as = I. פ׳. but doubtful; Mishnaic Hebrew the same, also decay, ferment Vogelst^{Landwirthschaft 22}; Syriac ܦܪܰܚ spread, of leprosy, etc.; NS. ܦܵܪܘׄܚܬܵܐ leprous spots)—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Vayikra 13:39 (of פֹּהַק), וּפ׳ consec. Vayikra 14:43 (of נֶגַע); of צָרַעַת, 3rd feminine singular פָּרָ֑חָה Vayikra 13:20, Vayikra 13:25, also future (עתיד) 3rd feminine singular + infinitive (מקור) absolute פָּרוֹחַ תִּפְרַח v Vayikra 13:12, and participle (בינוני) f. פֹּרַחַת v Vayikra 13:42, Vayikra 13:57; of שְׁחִין participle (בינוני) m. פֹּרֵחַ Shemos 9:9, Shemos 9:10.

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פָּרַח³

verb fly, Aramaism, si vera l. (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, especially fly away; Aramaic פְרַח, ܦܪܰܚ fly; ܦܳܪܰܚܬܳܐ insect, bird);—

participle (בינוני) fpl. לְפֹרְחוֹת Yechezkel 13:20^(×2) for (like?) flying things, that is birds, but del. Septuagint Peshitta Hitzig Siegf in v a (where probably ins. from v b); Co Toy Berthol Krae in v a, b.

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פָּרוּחַ

proper name (masc.) in Issachar Melachim Alef 4:17, Septuagint Φουασουδ, A Φαρρον, SeptuagintL Βαρσαουχ.

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פְּרִי²

see פרה.

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פָּרֹ֫כֶת

noun (fem.) curtain, before Most Holy Place, in tabern. (prop. that which habitually shuts off, that is parrâku (Lagarde^{BN 88}) Konig^{ii. 1, 201});—פ׳ absolute Shemos 26:31 + 17 times P; construct פ׳ הַמָּסָ֑ךְ Shemos 35:12; Shemos 39:34; Shemos 40:21; Bamidbar 4:5, פ׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ Vayikra 4:6, פ׳ הָעֵדוּת Vayikra 24:3; in temple Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:14.

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פַּרְמַשְׁתָּא

proper name (masc.) son of Haman Esther 9:9, Μαρμασιμ(ν)α.

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פַּרְנָךְ

proper name (masc.) of Zebulun Bamidbar 34:25, Φαρ(α)ναχ.*

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פָּרַס

proper nameterr. Persia, Περσῶν (genit.), Daniel 11:2 τῇ Περσίδι (Septuagint et Θ), Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:20 Μήδων (OPers. Pârsa, Persian, Persia, Spieg^{APK 231}, NPers. پَارْسِ, فَارْسِ; Arabic فَارِسُ );—פ׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:22 +, פָּרָ֑ס v Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:20 +;—in late literally, Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:20, v Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:22^(×2), Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:23 = Ezra 1:1^(×2), Ezra 1:2; Daniel 10:1 + 11 times Ezr Dn + (c. מָדַי) Esther 1:3, Esther 1:14, Esther 1:18, Esther 1:19; Esther 10:2; Daniel 8:20; פ׳ Yechezkel 27:10; Yechezkel 38:5 is doubted by Toy (who, Yechezkel 27:10, reads כּוּשׁ, after Gratz), but Krae defends.

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פָּרַס²

erron. פָּרַשׂ Noldeke^{ZA j, 417}] verb break in two, divide (Mishnaic Hebrew in der. forms; Assyrian parâsu, divide, hinder; Arabic فَرَسَ break neck, etc.; Syriac ܦܰܪܣܳܐ hoof, Targum פַּרְסְתָא (see פַּרְסָה below); compare Noldeke^{ZA i. 417 f.});—Qal past (עבר) 3rd plural וּפָֽרְשׂוּ Micha 3:3 they have broken up bones, as in kettle (? read future (עתיד) וַיִּפְרְשׂוּ Noldeke^l.c.); infinitive (מקור) absolute פָּרֹס לָרָעֵב לַחְמֶ֑ךָ Yeshaya 58:7 a breaking for the hungry thy bread, so future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural יִפְרְסוּ לָהֶם Yirmiya 16:7 (לֶחֶם om.; but read יִפ׳ לֶחֶם אֶל־אָבֵל Giesebrecht, compare [in part] Septuagint Vulgate Graf); participle (בינוני) פֹרֵשׂ לָהֶם Eicha 4:4 (direct object לֶחֶם om.). Hiph. past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular הִפְרִיסָה Vayikra 11:6, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יַפְרִיס v Vayikra 11:5; participle (בינוני) מַפְרִיס v Vayikra 11:4 +, מַפְרֶסֶת v Vayikra 11:3 +, etc.;—

with a direct object פַּרְסָה divide hoof, that is have divided hoof (> denom. have hoofs), Devarim 14:6, Devarim 14:7, Devarim 14:8 and ‖ Vayikra 11:3, Vayikra 11:4, Vayikra 11:5, Vayikra 11:6, Vayikra 11:7, so also Vayikra 11:26; מַפְרִיסֵי הַפּ׳ Devarim 14:7 = מַפְרִסֵי הַפּ׳ Vayikra 11:4.

pt. absolute denom. Tehillim 69:32 having hoofs (+ מַקְרִן).

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פַּרְסָה

noun (fem.) hoof (probably orig. divided hoof; compare Noldeke^{ZA i (1886), 417}, later of any hoof (see 2 below), even Aramaic of foot-sole of dove Targum Onkelos Breishis 8:9, and of men (Yirmiya 47:3 +), compare Noldeke^l.c.);—פ׳ absolute Shemos 10:26 +; plural פְּרָס(וֹ)ת Devarim 14:6; Vayikra 11:3; construct the same Yeshaya 5:28 +; with suffix פַּרְסֹתַיִךְ Micha 4:13, פַּרְסֵיהֶן Zecharia 11:16;—

of ruminants Shemos 10:26 (E; meton. for animal itself), Micha 4:13 (figuratively of Zion), Yechezkel 32:13 Zecharia 11:16 (figuratively); especially שֶׁסַע פ׳ (שְׁתֵּי) Devarim 14:6 = Vayikra 11:3; Vayikra 11:7, and c. פָּרַס Hiph. (q.see) v Vayikra 11:3 + 10 times Vayikra 11; Devarim 14.

of horses (not divided) Yeshaya 5:28; Yechezkel 26:11 (so Targum Peshitta), Yirmiya 47:3.

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פרע

(√ of following; compare perhaps Arabic فَرَعَ overtop, figuratively excel; فَرْعٌ noble, eminent man; Sabean פרע be lofty Os^{ZMG xix (1865), 178 f.}, פדע highest part SabDenkm⁹⁰, figuratively best, D.H. Müller^{ib., 32 f.} CIS^{iv. Noldeke. 2, 1, 13} especially of offering D.H. Müller^{ZMG xxxvii (1883), 341 ff.} (compare Arabic فَرَعٌ firstling offered to gods)).

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פֶּ֫רַע

n.[m.] leader (?);—plural absolute בִּפְרֹעַ פְּרָעוֹת Shoftim 5:2 for the leading of the leaders (Septuagint (Alexandrinus) Be Budde and elsewhere, but uncertain; Septuagint (Vaticanus) Symm, compare Wellhausen^{Isr. u. Jüd. Gesch. (2), 97; Heid. (2), 123} and elsewhere, for the loosing of locks [ii. פֶּרַע], in vow of war; on these and other views see especially G.F. Moore^{ad location}; conjunction also by Lambert^{RÉJ xxiv. 140} Grimme^{ZMG 1 (1896), 572} Cheyne^{JQ, July 1899, 561} [reading ברכו]); construct מֵרֹאשׁ פַּרְעוֹת אוֹיֵב Devarim 32:42 from the head of leaders of the foe Septuagint Dillmann Steuern and elsewhere; Kn Ke Driver and elsewhere from the long-haired heads of the foe.

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פָּרַע

verb denom. act as leader, lead (?);—only infinitive (מקור) construct בִּפְרֹעַ Shoftim 5:2, see above

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פרע²

(√ of following; compare Syriac ܦܪܰܥ sprout; Assyrian pirʾu, sprout, progeny, pirtu, hair of head; late Arabic فَرَعَ sprout (Schroeter in Me^{Archiv. i. 176} Dozy^{ii. 256}), فَرْعٌ long hair of woman;—on this and following √ see Schulthess^{Hom. Wurz. 56} Noldeke^{ZMG liv (1900), 154}).

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פֶּ֫רַע²

n.[m.] long hair of head, locks;—פ׳ absolute Yechezkel 44:20; construct פ׳ שְׂעַר רֹאשׁוֹ Bamidbar 6:5.—Shoftim 5:2 Devarim 32:42, see i. פֶּרַע.

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פָּרַע²

verb let go, let alone (Mishnaic Hebrew the same unbind (hair), uncover; Arabic فَرَغَ be empty, vacant, unoccupied (c. من rei), Syriac ܦܪܰܥ uncover; Targum פְּרַע = Mishnaic Hebrew);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular consec. וּפָרַע Bamidbar 5:18; with suffix פְּרָעֹה (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 7 b, c) Shemos 32:25; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְרָ֑ע Vayikra 21:10, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. with suffix פְּרָעֵהוּ Mishlei 4:15; infinitive (מקור) construct פְּרֹעַ Shoftim 5:2; participle (בינוני) active פּוֹרֵעַ Mishlei 13:18; Mishlei 15:32; passive פָּרוּעַ Vayikra 13:45, פָּרֻעַ Shemos 32:25;—

let go, let loose, people, that is remove restraint from them, Shemos 32:25^(×2); compare Iyov 15:4 Cheyne^{JQ, July 1897, 577} (תִּפְרָע for תִּגְרַע); unbind head (by removing turban, sign of mourning) Vayikra 10:6; Vayikra 21:10 (forbidden to priests); also Vayikra 13:45 (leper), Bamidbar 5:18 (woman; all c. רֹאשׁ; see Nowack^{Arch. ii. 114}; >denom. from פֶּרַע Gerber¹⁸ and elsewhere).

let alone = avoid Mishlei 4:15; = neglect Mishlei 1:25; Mishlei 8:33; Mishlei 13:18; Mishlei 15:32; absolute = refrain Yechezkel 24:14.—Shoftim 5:2 see I. פֶּרַע.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפָּ֫רַע עָ֑ם Mishlei 29:18 the people is let loose, lacks restraint.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הִפְרִיעַ Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:19; future (עתיד) 2nd masculine plural תַּפְרִיעוּ Shemos 5:4;—

cause people to refrain, מִמַּעֲשָׂיו Shemos 5:4.

shew lack of restraint Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:19.

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פַּרְעֹה

noun (masc.) Pharaoh, Φαραω, title of Egyptian kings (Egyptian pr-ʿo, great house, of royal court, and (in new kingdom) of king Griffith^{Hastings DB} Mey^{Gesch. Alt. i. 59} Steind^{BAS i. 343}; in Assyrian priʾu according to most, compare Cuneiform Inscriptions & the Old Testament^Gloss. Steind^l.c., but see Winckler^{MVAG, 1898, 3rd feminine});—פ׳ Breishis 12:15^(×3), Breishis 12:17 + 212 times Hexateuch (mostly rarely DP), Shmuel Alef 2:27; Shmuel Alef 6:6; Melachim Alef 3:1^(×2) + 19 times K, Yeshaya 19:11^(×2) + 3 times, Yirmiya 25:19 + 10 times, Yechezkel 17:17 + 12 times, Nechemia 9:10; Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:18; Divrei HaYamim Beis 8:11 Tehillim 135:9; Tehillim 136:15; Shir HaShirim 1:9; + מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם (not early) Yirmiya 25:19; Yirmiya 46:17; Devarim 7:8; Devarim 11:3; Yechezkel 29:2, Yechezkel 29:3; Yechezkel 30:21, Yechezkel 30:22; Yechezkel 31:2; Melachim Alef 3:1; Melachim Alef 9:16; Melachim Alef 11:18; Melachim Beis 17:7; Melachim Beis 18:21 = Yeshaya 36:6; Breishis 41:46, Shemos 6:11, Shemos 6:13, Shemos 6:27, Shemos 6:29; Shemos 14:8 (all P); c. proper name פ׳ חָפְרַע Yirmiya 44:30, פ׳ נְכֹה Yirmiya 46:2; Melachim Beis 23:29, Melachim Beis 23:33, Melachim Beis 23:34, Melachim Beis 23:35.

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פַּרְעֹשׁ

noun (masc.) flea (Assyrian puršuʾû, paršuʾû; on transp. of, see Hom^{A. u. A. i. 21});—figuratively of insignificance Shmuel Alef 24:15; Shmuel Alef 26:20 נַפְשִׁי Septuagint Th Wellhausen Driver and elsewhere

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פַּרְעֹשׁ²

proper name (masc.) Φορος, Φαρες, etc. (flea; compare Gray^{Prop. N. 94});—

head of post-ex.. family Ezra 2:3 = Nechemia 7:8; Ezra 8:3; Ezra 10:25; Nechemia 3:25.

Nechemia 10:15.

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פָּרַץ

† I. פָּרַץ verb break through (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; J.Aramaic פְּרַץ the same; perhaps Assyrian parâṣu (see Delitzsch^HWB); Arabic فَرَصَ cut, slit, also hit);—
Qal past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פָּרַץ Shmuel Beis 5:20 +; 2nd masculine singular with suffix פְּרַצְתָּנוּ Tehillim 60:3, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְרֹץ Shemos 1:12; Shemos 19:22, יִפְרָץ־ v Shemos 19:24, וַיִּפְרֹץ Breishis 30:30 +, etc.; infinitive (מקור) absolute פָּרֹץ Yeshaya 5:5; construct פְּרֹץ Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:5, פְּרוֹץ Koheles 3:3; participle (בינוני) active פֹּרֵץ Micha 2:13; Koheles 10:8; passive fs. פְּרוּצָה Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:5; Mishlei 25:28; mpl. פְּרֻצִים Nechemia 4:1, + הֵם פְּרוּצִים Nechemia 2:13 Keri (> Kesiv המפרוצים);—break through:

break or burst out, from womb Breishis 38:29 (J; with a direct object cogn.); from enclosure Micha 2:13.

break through, down (from without), with a direct object גָּדֵר Yeshaya 5:5 Tehillim 80:13; Tehillim 89:41; Koheles 10:8; חוֹמָה Nechemia 3:35; Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:6, compare pt. passive Nechemia 2:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:5; c. בְּחוֹמָה = make a breach in Melachim Beis 14:13 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:23; עִיר פְּרוּצָה Mishlei 25:28; absolute, opposite בָּנָה Koheles 3:3; הַפֹּרֵץ Micha 2:13; הַפְּרוּצִים Nechemia 4:1 the part broken down.

break into, with a direct object בֵּית י׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:7.

break open, a mining shaft Iyov 28:4.

break up, break in pieces, with a direct object מַעֲשֶׂיךָ Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:37 (‖ וַיִּשָּֽׁבְרוּ אֳנִיּוֹת).

break out (violently) upon, of י׳ in sudden judgment, with a direct object person Shmuel Beis 5:20 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:11, Tehillim 60:3; c. ב person Shemos 19:22, Shemos 19:24, Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:13, so of plague Tehillim 106:29; of י׳, with a direct object cogn. פֶּרֶץ + ב person Shmuel Beis 6:8 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:11; with a direct object cogn. + with suffix Iyov 16:14.

use violence, absolute Hoshea 4:2.

break over [limits], increase, וַיִּפְרֹץ לָרֹב Breishis 30:30, Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:38; + ה location Breishis 28:14; absolute Breishis 30:43, Shemos 1:12 (J; + רָבָה), Hoshea 4:10 Yeshaya 54:3, פָּרַץ בָּאָרֶץ Iyov 1:10.

burst open, intrans., of wine-vats Mishlei 3:10 (with a direct object mat. תִּירוֹשׁ).

spread, that is become known, of הַדָּבָר Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:5.—Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:2 is probably corrupt, see Kau, who (after Siegfried-Stade) conjunction נֶחֱרָצָה; פ׳ in Divrei HaYamim Beis 11:23 is appar. distribute (c. מִן partit.), but dubious.—Shmuel Alef 28:23; Shmuel Beis 13:25; Shmuel Beis 13:27; Melachim Beis 5:23 see פצר.
Niph. participle (בינוני) אֵין חָזוֹן נִפְרָ֑ץ Shmuel Alef 3:1 no vision spread abroad (that is general, or frequent, compare Qal 10; ‖ דְּבַר י׳ הָיָה יָקָר), but text dubious.
Pu. participle (בינוני) f. מְפרָ֑צֶת Nechemia 1:3 broken down.
Hithp. participle (בינוני) plural הַמִּתְפָּֽרְצִים Shmuel Alef 25:10 slaves who break away, each from (מִפְּנֵי) his master.

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פֶּ֫רֶץ

noun (masc.) ^{Iyov 30:14} bursting forth, breach; absolute פ׳ Shoftim 21:15 +, פָּ֑רֶץ Breishis 38:29 +; construct פֶּרֶץ Shmuel Beis 5:20 +; plural פְּרָצִים Amos 4:3 +, פְּרָצוֹת Yechezkel 13:5, with suffix פִּרְצֵיהֶן Amos 9:11 (פְּרָצֶיהָ Wellhausen Nowack);—

bursting forth, outburst, of water Shmuel Beis 5:20 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:11; from womb Breishis 38:29.

breach in wall Amos 4:3; Melachim Alef 11:27; Nechemia 6:1 Tehillim 144:14; Iyov 30:14; so (c. גָּדַר, that is repair) Amos 9:11; Yeshaya 58:12; figuratively of effort to avert calamity, עָלָה בַּפְּרָצוֹה Yechezkel 13:5 (‖ גָּדַר), עָמַד בַּפֶּרֶץ Yechezkel 22:30 (‖ the same), compare Tehillim 106:23, by instruction and (especially) intercession.

broken wall, פ׳ נֹפֵל Yeshaya 30:13.

figuratively of outburst of י׳’s wrath, direct object cogn. c. פָּרַץ Shmuel Beis 6:8 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:11; Iyov 16:14 (פֶרֶץ עַל־פְנֵי־פָ֑רֶץ); עָשָׂה פ׳ בְּ Shoftim 21:15.

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פֶּ֫רֶץ²

proper name

m. son of Judah and Tamar, Φαρες;—פ׳ Breishis 46:12 +, פָּ֑רֶץ Breishis 38:29 + 3 times;—Breishis 38:29; Breishis 46:12^(×2); Bamidbar 26:20, Bamidbar 26:21; Rus 4:12, Rus 4:18^(×2); Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:4, Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:5; Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:1; Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:4; Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:3; Nechemia 11:4, Nechemia 11:6.

location in

פ׳ עֻזָּה near Jerus. Shmuel Beis 6:8 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:11.

הַר פְּרָצִים Yeshaya 28:21, perhaps = בַּעַל פ׳ q.see p. 128.—compare רִמֹּן פָּ֑רֶץ.

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פָּרִיץ

noun (masc.) violent one (robber, murderer);—פ׳ שֹׁפֵךְ דָּם Yechezkel 18:10; אָרְחוֹת פ׳ Tehillim 17:4; plural פָּרִיצִים Yechezkel 7:22, מְעָרַת פָּרִצִים Yirmiya 7:11; construct בְּנֵי פָּרִיצֵי עַמְּךָ Daniel 11:14; of wild beast, פְּרִיץ חַיּוֹת Yeshaya 35:9.

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פָּרַק

verb tear apart, away (Mishnaic Hebrew remove (load, etc.), Pi. separate, take to pieces; Arabic فَرَقَ split, divide; 𝔏 פְּרַק especially redeem, rescue; Syriac ܦܪܰܩ withdraw (intrans.), also remove, rescue; Ethiopic ፈረቀ set free);—

past (עבר) 2nd masculine singular וּפָרַקְּתָּ֫ Breishis 27:40; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular with suffix וַיִּפְרְקֵנוּ Tehillim 136:24; participle (בינוני) active פֹּרֵק Eicha 5:8 Tehillim 7:3 tear away yoke from off (מֵעַל) neck Breishis 27:10; snatch from (מִן) foes, = rescue (Aramaic) Eicha 5:8 Tehillim 136:24; so absolute Tehillim 7:3 (prefixing (וְ)אֵין, Septuagint Peshitta Cheyne Duhm Wellhausen), > Hupfeld Baethgen and elsewhere snatch away as prey.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְפָרֵק Zecharia 11:16 he shall tear off their hoofs; imperative (ציווי) mpl. פָּֽרְקוּ Shemos 32:2 tear off the golden ear-rings; participle (בינוני) מְפָרֵק Melachim Alef 19:11 a great wind rending mts. (‖ מְשַׁבֵּר).

tear off (for, that is from, oneself Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 54 f); future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural וַיִּתְפָּֽרְקוּ Shemos 32:3, with a direct object אֶת־נִזְמֵי הַוָּהָב; imperative (ציווי) mpl. הִתְפָּרָ֑קוּ v Shemos 32:24 (E; object om.); passive be broken off, past (עבר) 3rd plural הִתְפָּֽרְקוּ Yechezkel 19:12 (branches).

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פֶּ֫רֶק

n.[m.]

parting of ways, Ovadia 1:14.

plunder (as snatched away), Nachum 3:1.

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פָּרַר

verb

break, frustrate (Mishnaic Hebrew Pi. crumble; J.Aram פְּרַר; Assyrian parâru, destroy; ii. shatter; Liḥy. והפרו destroy, D.H. Müller^{Epigr. Denkm., Noldeke. 21, 7});—past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הֵפֵר Yeshaya 33:8 +, הֵפַ֑ר Breishis 17:14 Bamidbar 15:31; also metaplastic form הֵפִיר Yechezkel 17:19 Tehillim 33:10 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 67 v); 2nd masculine singular וְהֵפַרְתָּ֫ה Shmuel Beis 15:34, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יָפֵר Bamidbar 30:13 +, וַיָּ֫פֶר Nechemia 4:9, etc.; also 1st singular אָפִיר Tehillim 89:34 (Gesenius^l.c.); imperative (ציווי) ms. הָפֵר Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:3 Tehillim 85:5, הָפֵ֫רָה Melachim Alef 15:19; infinitive (מקור) abs>. הָפֵר Mishlei 15:22 +; construct לְהָפֵר Shmuel Beis 17:14 +, לְהָפֵיר Zecharia 11:10, with suffix לְהַפְרְכֶם Vayikra 26:15 (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 67 dd); participle (בינוני) מֵפֵר Yeshaya 44:25 Iyov 5:12;—

break, violate, especially with a direct object בְּרִית:

of י׳ Shoftim 2:1 Yirmiya 14:21 Vayikra 26:44 Zecharia 11:10.

of men violating covenant with י׳ Yirmiya 11:10; Yirmiya 31:32 Devarim 31:16, Devarim 31:20 Vayikra 26:15 Yechezkel 44:7 Breishis 17:14 Yeshaya 24:5, Yirmiya 33:20 Yechezkel 16:59.

of men breaking compact, league (with men), Yeshaya 33:8 Melachim Alef 15:19 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:3, Yechezkel 17:15, Yechezkel 17:16, Yechezkel 17:18, Yechezkel 17:19.

of destroying the אַחֲוָה between Judah and Israel Zecharia 11:14.

of breaking י׳’s מִצְוָה Bamidbar 15:31 Ezra 9:14, תּוֹרָה Tehillim 119:126.

frustrate, make ineffectual:

counsel (עֵצָה) Shmuel Beis 15:34; Shmuel Beis 17:14 Ezra 4:5; י׳ subj. Nechemia 4:9 Tehillim 33:10; of man frustrating י׳’s counsel Yeshaya 14:27, so, with a direct object מִשְׁפָּט Iyov 40:8; with a direct object מַחֲשָׁבוֹת in generally, of men Mishlei 15:22, י׳ subj. Iyov 5:12, so, with a direct object אֹתוֹת Yeshaya 44:25.

make vow (נֶדֶר) ineffectual, annul it Bamidbar 30:9, Bamidbar 30:14 (opposite הֵקִים), v Bamidbar 30:13, also (future (עתיד) + infinitive (מקור) absolute) v Bamidbar 30:13, Bamidbar 30:16.

of annulling (godly) fear Iyov 15:4; חַסְדִּי לֹא אָפִיר מֵעִמּוֹ Tehillim 89:34 read probably אָסִיר Olshausen Cheyne Baethgen and elsewhere; הָפֵר בַּעַסְךָ Tehillim 85:4 (read הָסֵר Septuagint Bi Cheyne).

וְתָפֵר הָאֲבִיּוֹנָה Koheles 12:5 is doubtful: De Wild and elsewhere fails (to excite [?<וְתֻפַר Hoph. is made ineffectual]); Ewald bursts (Siegf וְתֻפַר); but caper-berry not dehiscent (Post^{Flora of Syriac 106 ff.} M’Lean-Dyer^{Ency. Bib. 696}); Post^{Letter, July 28, 1901} breaks up (by shrivelling), figuratively of failing sexual power; Aq from פרה bear fruit (compare G.F. Moore^{JBL x (1891), 60}); Perles^{Anal. 30} וְתִפְרַח.

future (עתיד)

be frustrated, 3rd feminine singular וְתֻפָ֑ר Yeshaya 8:10 (of עֵצָה).

be broken, of covenant, 3rd feminine singular תֻּפַר Yirmiya 33:21; וַתֻּפַר Zecharia 11:11; so Yeshaya 28:18 (read וְתֻפַר for וְכֻפַּר, see כ׳). Phip. future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular with suffix וַיְפַרְפְּרֵנִי Iyov 16:12 he hath shattered me.

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פָּרַר²

verb split, divide (so Tehillim 74:13 seems to require [but √ פור Siegfried-Stade is possible], compare Arabic فَرْفَرَ split, tear, rend; perhaps = I.; > Buhl^Lex. shake, quake, citing Arabic فَرْفَرَ shake, Aramaic אִתְפַּרְפַּר, ܦܰܪܦܰܪ, compare Mishnaic Hebrew פִּרְפֵּר);—

infinitive (מקור) absolute + Hithpōʿ. past (עבר) 3rd feminine singular פּוֹר הִתְפּוֹרְרָה אֶרֶץ Yeshaya 24:19 split or cracked through is the earth (Cheyne^{Hebrew Haupt..} פרוק התפרקה). Pōʿ. past (עבר) 2nd masculine singular פּוֹרַרְתָּ Tehillim 74:13 thou [י׳] didst divide the sea.

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פרר

(√ of following; compare Mishnaic Hebrew פַּר, פָּרָה = Biblical Hebrew; Arabic فُرَارٌ young of ewe, cow, or goat; Syriac ܦܰܪܬܳܐ ewe (compare Noldeke^{ZMG xi (1886), 734}), and so Assyrian parru, according to Jen and Zim^{ZA iii. 202}).

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פַּר²

noun (masc.) Breishis 32:16 young bull, steer;—absolute פ׳ Bamidbar 7:15 +, פָּ֑ר Tehillim 50:9, always הַפָּר Shmuel Alef 1:25 +; construct פַּר (הַ)חַטָּאת Shemos 29:36 +; plural פָּרִים Breishis 32:16 +; with suffix פָּרֶיהָ Yirmiya 50:27;—steer [see especially פַּר בֶּן־בָּקָר Vayikra 4:3 + 6 times; פ׳ אֶחָד ב׳־ב׳ Shemos 29:1 + 12 times Bamidbar 7, compare Bamidbar 8:8; פ׳ ב׳־ב׳ אֶחָד Bamidbar 15:24 + 3 times, compare Yechezkel 43:23; Yechezkel 45:18; Yechezkel 46:6; plural פָּרִים בְּנֵי־ב׳ Bamidbar 28:11 + 4 times; see בֵּן, בָּקָר]:

as gift Breishis 32:16; figuratively of fierce enemies Tehillim 22:18.

elsewhere as sacrifical victims:

in peace-offering Shemos 24:5 (E; Covenant Code), Shmuel Alef 1:24 (read פַּר for פָּרִים Septuagint Peshitta Th Wellhausen Driver and elsewhere), v Shmuel Alef 1:25 Bamidbar 7:88, Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:24^(×2).

burnt-offering Shoftim 6:25^(×2) (on text compare G.F. Moore), v Shoftim 6:26, Shoftim 6:28 Melachim Alef 18:23^(×3), Melachim Alef 18:25, Melachim Alef 18:26, Melachim Alef 18:33; Yechezkel 43:23 + 5 times Ez, Bamidbar 7:15, Bamidbar 7:21 + 46 times Nu, Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:26; Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:21 Ezra 8:35 Iyov 42:8 Tehillim 50:9; Tehillim 51:21; Vayikra 23:18 (gloss, Driver-Wh).

sin-offering Yechezkel 43:19 + 5 times Ez, Shemos 29:1, Shemos 29:3, Shemos 29:10^(×2), Shemos 29:11, Shemos 29:12, Shemos 29:14, Shemos 29:36 compare Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:9; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:21, Vayikra 4:3, Vayikra 4:4^(×3) + 25 times Lv, Bamidbar 8:8;—both b. and c. Bamidbar 8:12.

more generally Yeshaya 1:11 Tehillim 69:32.

figuratively פָּרִים שְׂפָתֵינוּ Hoshea 14:3 we will pay (as with) bullocks, our lips, but read פְּרִי Septuagint Wellhausen Nowack, compare Cheyne.

of princes and warriors slain by י׳, under figuratively of sacrifice Yeshaya 34:7; Yirmiya 50:27; Yechezkel 39:18.

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פָּרָה³

noun (fem.) heifer, cow;—absolute פ׳ Yeshaya 11:7 +; with suffix פָּרָתוֹ Iyov 21:10; plural פָּרוֹת Breishis 32:16 +, פָּרֹת Breishis 41:26; construct פָּרוֹת Amos 4:1;—as gift Breishis 32:16; in Pharaoh’s dream Breishis 41:2, Breishis 41:3^(×2) + 8 times Breishis 41:41; drawing cart Shmuel Alef 6:7, Shmuel Alef 6:12, Shmuel Alef 6:14 + פ׳ עָלוֹת v Shmuel Alef 6:7, Shmuel Alef 6:10 cows giving suck, milch cows; פ׳ calving Iyov 21:10, grazing Yeshaya 11:7; פ׳ אֲדֻמָּה red heifer Bamidbar 19:2, compare v Bamidbar 19:5, Bamidbar 19:6, Bamidbar 19:9, Bamidbar 19:10; simile of stubbornness Hoshea 4:16; פָּרוֹת הַבָּשָׁן Amos 4:1, figuratively of luxurious women.

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פָּרָה⁴

proper name (place) in Benj., הַפּ׳ Yehoshua 18:23, Φαρα, Αφρα.

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פָּרַשׂ

verb spread out, spread (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Arabic فَرَشَ; Targum פְּרַס (rare), Syriac ܦܪܰܣ; compare Assyrian parašu, fly (der. spec.; proposes spread [wings]); see also Noldeke^{ZA i. 417});—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Eicha 1:10 +; 2nd masculine singular וּפָרַשְׂתָּ֫ Iyov 11:13; Rus 3:9, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְרשֹׁ Devarim 32:11 +; 3rd feminine singular וַתִּפְרשֹׁ Shmuel Beis 17:19, etc.; participle (בינוני) active פּוֹרֵשׂ Mishlei 29:5, etc.; passive פָּרֻשׂ Yoel 2:2; fs. פְּרוּשָׂה Hoshea 5:1; plural פְּרֻשׂוֹת Melachim Alef 8:54;—

spread out a garment (שִׂמְלָה) Shoftim 8:25, + לִפְנֵי person Devarim 22:17;—wings Devarim 32:11; Melachim Alef 6:27 (read כַּנְפֵיהֶם Septuagint Stade Kmp Kittel Benzinger), + עַל Yirmiya 49:22 (figuratively), + אֶל Yirmiya 48:40 Melachim Alef 8:7 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:8 (עַל), + ל Iyov 39:26, לְמַעְלָה Shemos 25:20; Shemos 37:9; wings om. Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:18 and perhaps Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:13 (del. כַּנְפֵי Be); of י׳, פ׳ עָלָיו אוֹרוֹ Iyov 36:30; spread out writing, לִפְנֵי person Melachim Beis 19:14 = Yeshaya 37:14, Yechezkel 2:10; sail Yeshaya 33:23; fishing-net, מִכְמֶרֶת Yeshaya 19:8 (עַל location); net (רֶשֶׁת) as snare, figuratively Hoshea 5:1 (עַל location), Tehillim 140:6, לְרַגְלַי Eicha 1:13, c. עַל person Hoshea 7:12 (of י׳), Yechezkel 12:13 = Yechezkel 17:20, Yechezkel 19:8; Yechezkel 32:3, עַל־פְּעָמָיו Mishlei 29:5; פ׳ כַּפַּיִם in prayer, + אֶל Shemos 9:29,Shemos 9:33, Melachim Alef 8:38 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:29, Ezra 9:5; Iyov 11:13, + ל Tehillim 44:21, + הַשָּׁמַיִם Melachim Alef 8:22 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:13 (הַשָּׁמָ֑יְמָה), Melachim Alef 8:54, no complem. Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:12; of almsgiving, כַּפָּהּ פָּֽרְשָׂה לֶעָנִי Mishlei 31:20; פ׳ יַד, c. עַל rei, Eicha 1:10 of enemy’s greed (si vera l., see Budde); spread out = display וּכְסִיל יִפְרשֹׁ אִוֶּלֶת Mishlei 13:16.

spread covering over Shmuel Beis 17:19 (מָסָךְ + עַל־פְּנֵי rei), הַמַּכְבֵּר over (עַל) face of another Melachim Beis 8:15, כָּנָף skirt, עַל person Rus 3:9 Yechezkel 16:8 (figuratively of י׳); בֶּגֶד c. עַל rei Bamidbar 4:7,Bamidbar 4:8,Bamidbar 4:11,Bamidbar 4:13, c. מִלְמָ֑עְלָה v Bamidbar 4:6; כְּסוּי c. עַל rei v Bamidbar 4:14; אֶת־הָאֹהֶל, c. עַל־הַמִּשְׁכָּן Shemos 40:19; שַׁחַר פָּרֻשׂ עַל־הֶהָרִים Yoel 2:2; of י׳, פ׳ עָנָן לְמָסָךְ Tehillim 105:39.—Micha 3:3 Eicha 4:4 see פָּרַס.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine plural יִכָרְ֑שׂזּ Yechezkel 17:21 they shall be scattered לְכָל־רוּחַ; Yechezkel 34:12 read probably participle (בינוני) צֹאן נִפְרָשׂוֹת (for -שׂוֹת, Hä Krae; on emend. of context see especially Toy Krae).

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular consec. וּפֵרַשׂ Yeshaya 25:11, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְפָרֵשׂ v Yeshaya 25:11, 3rd feminine singular תְּפָרֵשׂ Yirmiya 4:31; infinitive (מקור) construct פָּרֵשׂ Tehillim 68:15, with suffix פָּרִשְׂכֶם Yeshaya 1:15;—

spread out:

with a direct object כַּפַּיִם in prayer Yeshaya 1:15; Yirmiya 4:31, so c. יָדַיִם Tehillim 143:6 (אֶל־י׳), and of י׳ entreating people Yeshaya 65:2 (אֶל); פ׳ צִיּוֹן בְּיָדֶיהָ Eicha 1:17.

spread out hands as in swimming Yeshaya 25:11, and (יָדַיִם om.) v Yeshaya 25:11.

= scatter, (?) subj. י׳, with a direct object person Zecharia 2:10 (Septuagint Wellhausen Nowack קִבַּצְתִּי מִן, yet see G.A. Smith); Tehillim 68:15, in doubtful connexion.

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פַּרְשֵׂז

(Baer, -שֵׁז van d. H. Gi), infinitive (מקור) absolute Piʿlēl (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 56) from פָּרַשׂ (si vera l.), פ׳ עָלָיו עֲנָנוֹ Iyov 26:9 a spreading his cloud upon it (but Budde Duhm and elsewhere read פֹּרֵשׂ, פָּרַשׂ, or פָרשֹׁ).

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פָּרַשׁ

verb make distinct, declare (Mishnaic Hebrew separate oneself, Pi. separate, explain, so Aramaic פְּרַשׁ, especially Pa.; Syriac ܦܪܰܫ separate, distinguish, explain, compare Mand., Noldeke^{M 221});—

infinitive (מקור) construct לִפְרשׁ לָהֶם עַל־פִּי י׳ Vayikra 24:12 to declare distinctly to them.

participle (בינוני) נִפְרָשׁוֹת Yechezkel 34:12 read probably -שׂוֹת, see פרשׂ.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פֹּרַשׁ Bamidbar 15:34 what should be done to him had not been distinctly declared; participle (בינוני) מְפֹרָשׁ Nechemia 8:8 made distinct (compare Biblical Aramaic Ezra 4:18), see BeRy Konig^{Einl. 99}, > interpreted, Ke and elsewhere, Berliner^{T. Onk.ii. 74}.

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פָּרַשׁ²

verb

pierce, sting (?) (compare Assyrian paruššu, staff (which pierces); Aramaic פרשׁא, ܦܪܳܫܳܐ (in Lexx) ox-goad);—future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יַפְרִשׁ Mishlei 23:32 (כְּצִפְעֹנִי, ‖ כְּנָחָשׁ יִשָּׁ֑ךְ), of wine.

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פֶּ֫רֶשׁ

proper name (masc.) Manassite Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:16, A SeptuagintL Φαρες.

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פָּרָשׁ

horse, steed (less common synon. of סוּס (> explained away by Schwally^{journal ZAW viii (1888), 191}); Arabic فَرَسٌ horse, mare (often), so Ethiopic ፈረስ, compare Sabean פרס horse, Mordtm^{Him. Inschr. 70});—plural פָּרָשִׁים (erron. for פְּרָשִׁים Konig^{ii, 1, 89}) Yechezkel 27:14 +, with suffix פָּרָשָׁיו Yeshaya 28:28 Shmuel Alef 8:11;—steeds Yechezkel 27:14 (+ סוּסִים, פְּרָדִים), from Togarmah; simile of swiftness Yoel 2:4 (‖ סוּסִים); probably also Yeshaya 28:28 Yirmiya 46:4 (‖ סוּסִים, compare Graf Giesebrecht), and perhaps וְשָׂם לוֹ בְּמֶרְכַבְתּוֹ וּבְפָרָשָׁיו וְרָצוּ וגו׳ Shmuel Alef 8:11 (kg. subj.).

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פָּרָשׁ²

noun (masc.) ^{Nachum 3:3} horseman (that is parrâš, compare Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 84 b b; Arabic فَارِسٌ; Ethiopic ፈረስ; Aramaic פָּרָשׁ, ܦܰܪܳܫܳܐ );—absolute פ׳ Nachum 3:3 Yirmiya 4:29, also פָּרַשׁ Yechezkel 26:10 (as if construct Konig^{Synt. § 337 s}); plural פָּרָשָׁים Breishis 50:9 +; with suffix פָּרָשָׁיו Shemos 14:9 +;—horseman, usually plural, especially + רֶכֶב chariotry: Egyptian Breishis 50:9, Yehoshua 24:6, Shemos 14:9,Shemos 14:17,Shemos 14:18,Shemos 14:23,Shemos 14:26,Shemos 14:28 (all P), Shemos 15:19 (song), Yeshaya 31:1; Melachim Beis 18:34 = Yeshaya 36:9, Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:3 compare Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:8; Philistine Shmuel Alef 13:5; Shmuel Beis 1:6 (del. בַּעֲלֵי Septuagint Wellhausen Driver Budde H.P. Smith); Aramæan Shmuel Beis 10:18 (but read probably אִישׁ, compare ‖ Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:18, Wellhausen Driver and elsewhere), and (+ אִישׁ רַגְלִי) Shmuel Beis 8:4 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:4, compare Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:6; also עַל־סוּס וּפָרָשִׁים Melachim Alef 20:20 (si vera l.); Isr., of Adonijah Melachim Alef 1:5 (+ רֶכֶב, חֲמִשִּׁים אִישׁ רָצִים); Solomon + רֶכֶב Melachim Alef 9:19, Melachim Alef 9:22; Melachim Alef 10:26^(×2) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 8:6, Divrei HaYamim Beis 8:9; Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:14^(×2), probably also Melachim Alef 5:6 (+ סוּסִים לְמֶרְכָּבוֹ) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:25 (+ סוּסִים ומֶרְכָּבוֹת); Jehoahaz Melachim Beis 13:7 (+ רַגְלִי); + רֶכֶב, figuratively of Elijah Melachim Beis 2:12, of Elisha Melachim Beis 13:14; + סוּסִים Hoshea 1:7; Assyrian Yeshaya 22:6, Yeshaya 22:7 (+ רֶכֶב), compare Nachum 3:3, פ׳ רֹכְבֵי סוּסִים Yechezkel 23:6, Yechezkel 23:12; Babylonian Chavakuk 1:8^(×2) Yirmiya 4:29 (+ רֹמֵה קֶשֶׁת), Yechezkel 26:7 (+ סוּס, רֶכֶב), v Yechezkel 26:10 (+ גַּלְגַּל וָרֶכֶב), Scythian (Gog) Yechezkel 38:4 (+ סוּסִים); Persian Yeshaya 21:7, Yeshaya 21:9 (צֶמֶד פ׳), Nechemia 2:9 Ezra 8:22; of king of north Daniel 11:40 (+ רֶכֶב).

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פַּרְשֶׁ֫גֶן

noun (masc.) copy (loan-word from Persian through Aramaic, see Biblical Aramaic);—construct פ׳ הַנִּשְׁתְּוָן Ezra 7:11, compare פַּתְשֶׁגֶן.

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פַּרְשַׁנְדָּתָא

proper name (masc.) a son of Haman Esther 9:7, Φαρσαν και Νεσταιν, Φαρσανεσταν, etc.

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פְּרָת

proper name flum. Euphrates, Ευφρατης (Assyrian Purattu Delitzsch^{Pa 169 ff.}, whence OPers. Ufrâtu, Spieg^{APK 211});—the greatest river of W. Asia; פ׳ Breishis 2:14, נְהַר פ׳ Breishis 15:18 (both secondary phrases in J), נְהַר פ׳ also Shmuel Beis 8:3 (Keri, see נָהָר), Yirmiya 46:2, Yirmiya 46:6, Yirmiya 46:10 Devarim 1:7; Devarim 11:24; Yehoshua 1:4, Melachim Beis 23:29; Melachim Beis 24:7; Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:9; Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:3; נהר om. Yirmiya 13:4, Yirmiya 13:5, Yirmiya 13:6, Yirmiya 13:7 (where Ewald Hitzig Marti, after Schick^{ZPV iii. 11}, think of some other פְּרָת, but Graf Giesebrecht and most defend Euphrates), Yirmiya 51:63 Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:20 (compare Breishis 2:14 above); name not certainly attested before D Je; on earlier הַנָּהָר for this river see נ׳.

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פָּשָׂה

verb spread, intrans. (Mishnaic Hebrew פָּסָה the same; Arabic فَشَا (فشو) be divulged, spread, be extensive);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Vayikra 13:5 +, 3rd feminine singular פָּֽשְׂתָה v Vayikra 13:8, פָּשָׂ֑תָה v Vayikra 13:23; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְשֶׂה v Vayikra 13:35, 3rd feminine singular תִּפְשֶׂה v Vayikra 13:7 +; infinitive (מקור) absolute פָּשׂה v Vayikra 13:7 +;—only Vayikra 13, Vayikra 14, of leprosy and like eruptions: c. בָּעוֹר, בַּבֶּגֶד, etc., Vayikra 13:5 + 7 times Vayikra 13:13, Vayikra 14:39, Vayikra 14:44, Vayikra 13:48 + בָּעוֹר פָּשׂה יִפְשֶׂה (תִּפ׳) Vayikra 13:7, Vayikra 13:22, Vayikra 13:27, Vayikra 13:35; absolute v Vayikra 13:23, Vayikra 13:32, Vayikra 13:55.

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פָּשַׂק

verb part, open wide (Mishnaic Hebrew פָּסַק, Aramaic פְּסַק, ܦܣܰܩ, all cut, sever, cleave);—

participle (בינוני) פֹּשֵׂק שְׂפָתָיו Mishlei 13:3 that is one talkative.

future (עתיד) 2nd feminine singular וַתְּפַשְּׂקִי אֶת־רַגְלַיִךְ Yechezkel 16:25 (c. ל person; sensu obsc.).

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פַּשְׁחוּר

proper name (masc.) Πασχωρ, Φα(δυ)σσουρ, etc.:

Yirmiya 20:1, Yirmiya 20:2, Yirmiya 20:3^(×2), Yirmiya 20:6.

Yirmiya 21:1; Yirmiya 38:1; Nechemia 11:12, compare Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:12.

Nechemia 10:4.

father of one Gedaliah Yirmiya 38:1.

head of post-exil. family Ezra 2:8 = Nechemia 7:40; Ezra 10:22. compare Mey^{Entstehung 169 f.}.

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פָּשַׁט

verb strip off, make a dash, raid (compare Assyrian pašâṭu, expunge, obliterate; Mishnaic Hebrew פָּשַׁט, Aramaic פְּשַׁט, ܦܫܰܛ, are stretch out, extend, make plain, so Arabic بَسَطَ );—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Hoshea 7:1 +, 2nd masculine singular וּפָשַׁטְתָּ֫ Shoftim 9:33, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיִפְשַׁט Shmuel Alef 19:24; 3rd masculine plural יִפְשֹׁ֑טוּ Yechezkel 26:1, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. פְּשֹׁ֫טָה Yeshaya 32:11; participle (בינוני) plural פֹּשְׁטִים Nechemia 4:17;—

strip off, put off, one’s garment (direct object) Shmuel Alef 19:24; Yechezkel 26:16; Yechezkel 44:19; Vayikra 6:4 (opposite לָבַשׁ, Vayikra 16:23 (the same; both P), Nechemia 4:17; Shir HaShirim 5:3; direct object om. Yeshaya 32:11; of locusts Nachum 3:16 stripping off (sheaths of wings, compare Davidson Driver^{Am 85}).

put off (one’s shelter), that is make a dash (from a sheltered place), c. אֶל Shoftim 20:37, absolute Shoftim 9:44; especially of marauding foray, Hoshea 7:1, c. עַל against Shoftim 9:33, Shoftim 9:44; Shmuel Alef 23:27; Shmuel Alef 30:14 (ins. עַל compare Septuagint Wellhausen Driver and elsewhere), Iyov 1:17, c. אֶל Shmuel Alef 27:8; Shmuel Alef 30:1, c. בְּ Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:9, Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:18; in Shmuel Alef 27:10 read אָן (for אַל־), Wellhausen Driver and elsewhere

infinitive (מקור) construct לְפַשֵּׁט, with a direct object person Shmuel Alef 31:8 to strip the slain = Divrei HaYamim Alef 10:8; absolute only to strip (sc. the slain) Shmuel Beis 23:10 (ins. also ‖ Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:13 Driver).

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular הִפְשִׁיט Iyov 19:9; 3rd masculine plural with suffix וְהִפְשִׁיטוּךְ Yechezkel 23:26, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיַּפְשֵׁט Bamidbar 20:28; 1st singular with suffix אַפְשִׁיטֶנָּה Hoshea 2:5; 2nd masculine plural תַּפְשִׁט֑וּן Micha 2:8, etc.; imperative (ציווי) הַפְשֵׁט Bamidbar 20:26; infinitive (מקור) construct הַפְשִׁיט Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:34; participle (בינוני) plural מַפְשִׁיטִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:11;—

strip one of garment (2 direct object) Breishis 37:23, Bamidbar 20:26, Bamidbar 20:28 (opposite הִלְבִּישׁ), Yechezkel 16:39; Yechezkel 23:26; with a direct object person alone Divrei HaYamim Alef 10:9; Hoshea 2:5 strip her (with suffix) naked (עֲרֻמָּה).

strip off, direct object כֵּלָיו Shmuel Alef 31:9, clothing Iyov 22:6; with a direct object אֶדֶר + מִמּוּל Micha 2:8; with a direct object עוֹר + מֵעַל Micha 3:3, compare (direct object כְּבוֹדִי) Iyov 19:9.

flay, with a direct object הָעֹלָה Vayikra 1:6; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:34; direct object om. Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:11.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיִּתְפַּשֵּׁט Shmuel Alef 18:4 he stripped himself of his garment (direct object).

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פָּשַׁע

verb rebel, transgress (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Syriac ܦܫܰܥ is be terrified, ܦܫܺܝܥܳܐ tepid, insipid);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Melachim Beis 3:7 +, 2nd feminine singular פָּשַׁ֫עַתְּ Tzefania 3:11; פָּשָׁ֑עַתְּ Yirmiya 3:13, etc.; future (עתיד) יִפְשַׁע Mishlei 28:21 + 8 times future (עתיד); imperative (ציווי) mpl. פִּשְׁעוּ Amos 4:4; infinitive (מקור) absolute פָּשֹׁעַ Yeshaya 59:13; construct פְּשֹׁעַ Amos 4:4; Yechezkel 10:13; participle (בינוני) פֹּשֵׁעַ Yeshaya 48:8; פֹּשְׁעִים Yeshaya 1:28 +, etc.;—

rebel, revolt, of nations, c. בְּ against, Melachim Alef 12:19; Melachim Beis 1:1; Melachim Beis 3:5, Melachim Beis 3:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 10:19; absolute Melachim Beis 8:22, מִתַּחַת יַד v Melachim Beis 8:20, Melachim Beis 8:22 Divrei HaYamim Beis 21:8, Divrei HaYamim Beis 21:10^(×2); פָּֽשְׁעוּ בִי Yeshaya 1:2 (Isr. under figuratively of י׳’s sons).

transgress against God, absolute Yeshaya 1:28; Yeshaya 46:8; Yeshaya 48:8; Yeshaya 53:12^(×2) Hoshea 14:10; Amos 4:4^(×2); Eicha 3:42 Daniel 8:23 Tehillim 37:38; Tehillim 51:15, for (עַל) a bit of bread Mishlei 28:21; בַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה Ezra 10:13 in this thing; עַל תּוֹרָתִי Hoshea 8:1; elsewhere c. בְּ against God: פ׳ ב׳ Yeshaya 43:27; Yeshaya 59:13; Yeshaya 66:24; Yirmiya 2:8, Yirmiya 2:29; Yirmiya 3:13; Yirmiya 33:8; Yechezkel 2:3; Yechezkel 20:38; Hoshea 7:13; פְּשָׁעִים אשׁר פ׳ ב Melachim Alef 8:50; Yechezkel 18:31; עלילות אשׁר פ׳ ב Tzefania 3:11.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular אָח נִפְשַׁע (van d. H. participle (בינוני) נִפְשָׁע) a brother (who has been) offended Mishlei 18:19, but very dubious, compare Toy.

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פֶּ֫שַׁע

noun (masc.) Tehillim 19:14 transgression;—absolute פ׳ Shemos 22:8 +, פָּ֑שַׁע Mishlei 10:19 +; construct פֶּשַׁע Breishis 50:17 +; with suffix פִּשְׁעִי Breishis 31:36 + 14 times sfs.; plural פְּשָׁעִים Mishlei 10:12; construct פִּשְׁעֵי Amos 1:3 +, etc.;—

transgression against individuals Breishis 31:36; Breishis 50:17^(×2); Shemos 22:8, Shmuel Alef 24:12; Shmuel Alef 25:28; Mishlei 10:19; Mishlei 17:19; Mishlei 28:24; Mishlei 29:6, Mishlei 29:16, Mishlei 29:22; פ׳ שְׂפָתַיִם Mishlei 12:13; על כל־פשׁעים תְּכַסֶּה אַהֲבָה Mishlei 10:12, compare Mishlei 17:9; Mishlei 19:11; Mishlei 28:13.

of nation, against nation: Amos 1:3, Amos 1:6, Amos 1:9, Amos 1:11, Amos 1:13; Amos 2:1; of land Mishlei 28:2. Elsewh.

against God:

in generally, ‖ חטאת Yeshaya 58:1; Yeshaya 59:12; Micha 1:5^(×2), Micha 1:13; Micha 3:8 Amos 5:12; ‖ עון Yechezkel 21:29 Tehillim 107:17; עשׂה פ׳ Yechezkel 18:22, Yechezkel 18:28; ביום פ׳ Yechezkel 33:12; רַבּוּ פ׳ Yeshaya 59:12; Iyov 35:6; Yirmiya 5:6 (?); יֹסִיף על חטאתו פ׳ Iyov 34:37 he addeth transgression unto his sin; יִלְדֵי פ׳ Yeshaya 57:4; personified as evil spirit, נאם פשׁע Tehillim 36:2.

as recognized by by sinner; he knows it Tehillim 51:5, make known concerning it to י׳ Tehillim 32:5, does not cover it (כסה) Iyov 31:33; turns from it Yeshaya 59:20 Yechezkel 18:30; casts it away from him Yechezkel 18:31.

God deals with it: by visiting it (פקד) Amos 3:14 Tehillim 89:33, dealing with one according to it, עשׂה כ Yechezkel 39:24, making it known to sinner Iyov 13:23; Iyov 36:9; punishing in various ways: מִפּ׳ because of it Yeshaya 53:5, Yeshaya 53:8; c. על, according to it Amos 2:4, Amos 2:6 Eicha 1:5, Eicha 1:22; for it, c. ב Yeshaya 50:1; עֹל פ׳ Eicha 1:14 yoke of transgression; personified, וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם בְּיַד פ׳ Iyov 8:4; he does not grant forgiveness to it, לֹא נשׂא ל׳ Shemos 23:21 Yehoshua 24:19.

God forgives (נשׂא) it Shemos 34:7 Bamidbar 14:18, Iyov 7:21, compare Tehillim 32:1; pardons (סלח) Melachim Alef 8:50; passes over (עבר על, compare Mishlei 19:11) Micha 7:18; removes (הרחיק) Tehillim 103:12; covers over (כפר) Tehillim 65:4;—compare (of priest) וְכִפֶּר עַל־הַקֹּדֶשׁ מִפ׳ Vayikra 16:16, and confession of פ׳ over (על) goat v Vayikra 16:21;—God blots out (מחה) Yeshaya 43:25; Yeshaya 44:22 Tehillim 51:3; וּפ׳ אַל־תִּזְכֹּר Tehillim 25:7; delivers from, הציל מן Tehillim 39:9.—Iyov 35:15 read פֶּשַׁע for פַשׁ q.see

guilt of transgression (compare עון 2), בְּלִי פ׳ without (guilt of) transgression Iyov 33:9; Iyov 34:6; לא פ׳ Tehillim 59:4; פ׳ עלינו Yechezkel 33:10; כבד עליה פ׳ Yeshaya 24:20; בְּרֹב פ׳ Tehillim 5:11; נקיתי מפ׳ Tehillim 19:14; יִטַּמְּאוּ בְּכָל־פ׳ defile themselves with all (the guilt of) their transgressions Yechezkel 14:11; Yechezkel 37:23; חָתֻם בִּצְרוֹר פ׳ Iyov 14:17.

punishment for transgression, Daniel 8:12, Daniel 8:13; Daniel 9:24, compare עון 3.

offering for transgression, האתן בכורי פשׁעי Micha 6:7 shall I give my first-born as an offering for my transgression (compare חטאת 4).

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פֵּ֫שֶׁר

n.[m.] solution, interpretation (loan-word from Aramaic פִּשְׁרָא);—construct פ׳ Koheles 8:1.

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פַּת

see פתת.

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פִּתְאֹם

see פֶּתַע.

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פִּתְגָּם

noun (masc.) edict, decree (Pers. loan-wd., OPers. patigâma, word, command, Biblical Aramaic = Biblical Hebrew);—construct פ׳ הַמֶּלֶךְ Esther 1:20; c. genit. object פ׳ מַעֲשֵׂה הָרָעָה Koheles 8:11 (appar. f., compare De; but Hitzig Albr^{journal ZAW xvi (1896), 115} read נַעֲשֶׂה for נַעֲשָׂה).

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פָּתָה

verb be spacious, wide, open (Aramaic פְּתָא be spacious, ܦܬܳܐ be spacious, abundant; compare Arabic فَتُوَ, فَتِىَ, be youthful, in prime of life, فَتًى young man, one in prime of life (development of various meanings from √ not wholly clear, compare Noldeke^{ZMG xi (1886). 735}));—

participle (בינוני) פֹּתֶה Mishlei 20:19 poss. one open as to lips, but see פָּתָה denom. below

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular juss. יַפְתְּ א׳ לְיֶפֶת Breishis 9:27 may God make wide for Japhet (give him an extensive inheritance).—past (עבר) poss. Mishlei 24:28 (reading וְהִפְתִּיתָ בִּשְׂפָתֶ֑יךָ; make wide with (open wide) thy lips, for Masoretic Text וַהֲפִתִּיתָ בִּשׂ׳, so Siegfried-Stade; but compare פָּתָה denom. Pi.).

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פֶּ֫תִי

[for פָּתַי Lagarde^{BN 52} Barth^{ZMG xiii (1888), 353; NB 320}] adjective simple, poss. as open-minded;—פֶּ֫תִי Mishlei 9:4 +, פֶּ֑תִי Tehillim 19:8 +; plural פְּתָאיִם (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § ^{93 x}) Tehillim 116:6 + 6 times Pr; פְּתָיִים Tehillim 119:130 Mishlei 22:3; פְּתָיִם Mishlei 1:22, Mishlei 1:32;—simple, as noun concr.: open to the instruction of wisdom or folly, Mishlei 9:4, Mishlei 9:16; believing every word Mishlei 14:15; lacking עָרְמָה Mishlei 1:4; Mishlei 8:5; Mishlei 19:25; needing בין Tehillim 119:130, חכמה Tehillim 19:8 Mishlei 21:11; in good sense, שׁנר פתאים י׳ Tehillim 116:6 י׳ preserveth the simple-minded; but usually tendency to bad sense; פתאים love פתי Mishlei 1:22; inherit אִוֶּלֶת Mishlei 14:18, are easily enticed, misled and go back Mishlei 1:32; Mishlei 7:7; Mishlei 9:6; Mishlei 22:3 = Mishlei 27:12; causing temple to need atonement Yechezkel 45:20 (‖ שׁגה).

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פְּתַיּוּת

noun (fem.) the same Mishlei 9:13 (Toy conjunction מְפַּתָּה).

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פָּתָה²

verb denom. be simple (Mishnaic Hebrew Pi. entice);—

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְתֶּה Devarim 11:16; וַיִּפְתְּ Iyov 31:27; participle (בינוני) פֹּתֶה Iyov 5:2 Mishlei 20:19; f. פּוֹתֶה Hoshea 7:11;—

be open-minded(?), simple Iyov 5:2; יוֹנָה פוֹתָה Hoshea 7:11 silly dove; פֹּתֶה שְׂפָתָיו Mishlei 20:19 one foolish as to his lips (most, openeth wide his lips).

be enticed deceived Devarim 11:16 Iyov 31:27.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular נִפְתָּה Iyov 31:9; future (עתיד) 1st singular וָאֶפָּת Yirmiya 20:7;—be deceived Yirmiya 20:7; c. עַל enticed unto Iyov 31:9.

past (עבר) 2nd masculine singular פִּתִּיתָ Mishlei 24:28; with suffix פִּתִּיתַנִי Yirmiya 20:7; 1st singular פִּתֵּיתִי Yechezkel 14:9; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְפַתֶּה Shemos 22:15 +, etc.; imperative (ציווי) פַּתִּי Shoftim 14:15; Shoftim 16:5; infinitive (מקור) construct with suffix פַּתֹּתְךָ Shmuel Beis 3:25; participle (בינוני) with suffix מְפַתֶּיהָ (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 93 ss) Hoshea 2:15;—

persuade, woman Hoshea 2:16 (figuratively, י׳ subj.), seduce, virgin Shemos 22:15; entice, husband Shoftim 14:15; Shoftim 16:5; a man to sin Mishlei 1:10; Mishlei 16:29.

deceive, Shmuel Beis 3:25 Mishlei 24:28 (yet compare √ Hiph. above); subj. י׳, object proph., Yirmiya 20:7; Yechezkel 14:9, compare Melachim Alef 22:20, Melachim Alef 22:21, Melachim Alef 22:22 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:19, Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:20, Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:21; object י׳, Tehillim 78:36.

future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְפֻתֶּה:

be persuaded, Mishlei 25:15.

be deceived, Yirmiya 20:7, Yirmiya 20:10 be beguiled by י׳, Yechezkel 14:9.

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פְּתוּאֵל

proper name (masc.) father of prophet Joel Yoel 1:1 (Septuagint Βαθουηλ, that is בְּתוּאֵל).

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פָּתַח

verb open (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Phoenician פתח; Assyrian pitû, patû; Sabean פתח Os^{ZMG xix (1865), 197}; Arabic فَتَحَ; Ethiopic ፈትሐ;; Aramaic פְּתַח, ܦܬܰܚ; Nabataean Palmyrene פתח);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פ׳ Melachim Beis 15:16 +, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפְתַּח Shemos 21:33 +; 3rd masculine plural with suffix יִפְתָּחוּם Nechemia 13:19, etc.; imperative (ציווי) ms. פְּתַח Melachim Beis 13:17 +; fs. פִּתְחִי Shir HaShirim 5:2; mpl. פִּתְחוּ Yehoshua 10:22 +; infinitive (מקור) absolute פָּתֹחַ Devarim 15:8 +; construct לִפְתֹּחַ Yechezkel 21:27 +; participle (בינוני) active פֹּתֵחַ Shoftim 3:25 +; passive פָּתוּחַ Yirmiya 5:16 +, etc.;—open sack, שַׂק, Breishis 42:27, אַמְתַּחַת Breishis 43:21; Breishis 44:11, skin-bottle (נאוד) Shoftim 4:19, hamper (תֵּבָה) Shemos 2:6, pit (בּוֹר) Shemos 21:33 (E; that is uncover it), mouth (פִּי) of cave Yehoshua 10:22, grave Yechezkel 37:12, Yechezkel 37:13 (to bring forth dead), compare (in figuratively) Yirmiya 5:16 Tehillim 5:10; כְּלִי פָתוּחַ Bamidbar 19:15 open vessel; door (דֶּלֶת; sometimes opposite סָגַר) Shoftim 3:25 + v Shoftim 3:25 (object om.), Shoftim 19:27; Shmuel Alef 3:15; Melachim Beis 9:3; Melachim Beis 9:10; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:3; Iyov 31:32; (c. ל person); figuratively of Leb. Zecharia 11:1; דַּלְתֵי שָׁמָיִם Tehillim 78:33 (of י׳, sending rain); ד׳ = city-gates Nechemia 13:19; Yeshaya 45:1; (‖ שְׁעָרִים; י׳ subj., c. לִפְנֵי); ד׳ om. Shir HaShirim 5:2, Shir HaShirim 5:5, Shir HaShirim 5:6; gate (שַׁעַר), of land Nachum 3:13; (infinitive (מקור) absolute + future (עתיד) Niph. q.see), compare Yechezkel 25:9; שַׁעַר of temple (-court) Yechezkel 46:12 (c. ל person), Tehillim 118:19 (the same), city Yeshaya 26:2; object om. Devarim 20:11; Melachim Beis 15:16; window, חַלּוֹן Melachim Beis 13:17^(×2); אֲרֻבּוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם (by י׳ sending rain) Breishis 8:6; Malachi 3:10; city Yirmiya 13:19, עִיר פְּתוּחָה Yehoshua 8:17; absolute פ׳ וְלֹא סגר Yeshaya 22:22^(×2);—Yeshaya 14:17 is dubious, Gratz Perles^{Anal. 28. 42} Kittel (in Dillmann) read לַאֲסִירָיו לֹא־פ׳ בֵּית־הַכֶּלֶא; > Budde Cheyne Marti אֲסִירָיו לֹא פִּתַּח אִישׁ לִבֵיתוֹ; storehouse, armoury Breishis 41:56; Yirmiya 50:25 (of י׳), Yirmiya 50:26 (for destruction), figuratively of sky, for rain Devarim 28:12; (c. ל person; of י׳), compare open בָּ֑ר, expose for sale, Amos 8:5; open womb, that is grant offspring Breishis 29:31; Breishis 30:22; open mouth (פֶּה) to cry, speak Yechezkel 21:27; Iyov 3:1; Daniel 10:16, hence = speak Yeshaya 53:7^(×2); Iyov 33:2; Tehillim 39:10; Tehillim 78:2 (בְּמָשָׁל), Tehillim 109:2 (c. עַל person), Mishlei 24:7; Mishlei 31:8 (c. ל person), v Mishlei 31:9, Mishlei 31:26 (בְּחָכְמָה); Tehillim 49:5 either utter, declare, propound riddle, or open up, expound; have power of speech Tehillim 38:14; of י׳ giving power of (prophetic) speech Yechezkel 3:27; Yechezkel 33:22, giving speech to ass Bamidbar 22:28; open mouth, to eat Yechezkel 3:2, of earth, to swallow up, Bamidbar 16:32; Bamidbar 26:10, compare (פֶּה om.) Tehillim 106:17; open lips, to speak Iyov 11:5 (c. עִם person), Iyov 32:20 (Gi v Iyov 32:21); of י׳ opening man’s lips Tehillim 51:17, man’s ear Yeshaya 50:5 (Assyrian uznâ puttû); of eyes only pt. passive, c. אֶל Melachim Alef 8:29 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:20; Melachim Alef 8:52; Nechemia 1:6; c. לְ Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:40 (by zeugma), Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:15 (all of י׳’s favour); open hand, in giving Devarim 15:8, Devarim 15:11 (c. ל person, + inf. absolute), of י׳ Tehillim 104:28; Tehillim 145:16; book Nechemia 8:5^(×2), letter Nechemia 6:5; open river (channel) Yeshaya 41:18 (of י׳), rock, letting out water, Tehillim 105:41 (the same); open sword, = draw it Yechezkel 21:33 Tehillim 37:14; of root שָׁרְשִׁי פָתוּחַ אֱלֵי־מָ֑יִם Iyov 29:19, that is with no obstacle intervening.—תִּפְתַּח אֶרֶץ Yeshaya 45:8 is doubtful; verb not elsewhere intrans.; Duhm Cheyne^Haupt Marti proposes רַחְמָהּ as object; Gratz Kittel (in Dillmann) read תִּפָּתַח.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular נִפְתַּח Yeshaya 5:27, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יִפָּתָח Yechezkel 24:27, יִפָּתֵ֑חַ Yechezkel 44:2 +, etc.; infinitive (מקור) construct הִפָּתֵחַ Yeshaya 51:14; participle (בינוני) נִפְתָּח Zecharia 13:1;—be opened, of girdle Yeshaya 5:27 (that is loosened), compare of captive Yeshaya 51:14, and, of calamity, Yirmiya 1:14 be let loose (c. עַל person); gates Nachum 2:7; Nachum 3:13 (of land, thrown open to (ל) enemy), Yechezkel 44:2; Yechezkel 46:1⁽×2⁾ Nechemia 7:3; impers. of man shut in by God Iyov 12:14; of windows of heaven Breishis 7:11, compare Yeshaya 24:13 (of future destruction); the heavens themselves Yechezkel 1:1 (for visions); fountain Zecharia 13:1; wine(-skin, c. neg.) Iyov 32:19; mouth, in speech Yechezkel 24:27; Yechezkel 33:22; ears Yeshaya 35:5.

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פִּתַּח Iyov 30:11 +, פִּתֵּ֑חַ Iyov 12:18 +, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular יְפַתַּח Yeshaya 28:24, 1st singular אֲפַתֵּחַ Yeshaya 45:1, etc.; infinitive (מקור) absolute פַּתֵּחַ Yeshaya 58:6; construct, the same Tehillim 102:21; participle (בינוני) מְפַתֵּ֑חַ Melachim Alef 20:11;—loose:

free, that is ungird, camels Breishis 24:32: loins of kings Yeshaya 45:1 (that is disarm them); set free, c. with suffix person Tehillim 105:20, Yirmiya 40:4 (c. מִן); with a direct object בְּנֵי תְמוּתָה Tehillim 102:21.

loosen (and remove) sack-cloth Yeshaya 20:2 (c. מֵעַל), Tehillim 30:12; armour Melachim Alef 20:11 (object om.; opposite חָגַר); bonds Iyov 12:18 Tehillim 116:16, compare Yeshaya 58:6 Iyov 39:5; cord Iyov 30:11; Iyov 38:31; loosen ground Yeshaya 28:24 (in tillage); compare Vogelst^{Landwirthschaft 33}, Assyrian puttû).

open gates Yeshaya 60:11; doors Iyov 41:6 (figuratively of crocodile’s jaws); ear Yeshaya 48:8 (read probably either פִּתַּחְתִּי, פָּתַחְתִּי [Septuagint Duhm Marti], or נִפְתְּחָה [Gratz Cheyne Kittel in Dillmann]; buds Shir HaShirim 7:13 (of blossom; object om.; or intrans., as sometimes Arabic فَتَّحَ, see Dozy).

imperative (ציווי) mpl. התפתחו Yeshaya 52:2 Kesiv < Qr fs. הִתְפַּתְּחִי (so Septuagint; of personif. Jerus.) loosen thee (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (ed. Kautzsch) § 54 f) the fetters of thy neck.

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פֶּ֫תַח

noun (masc.) Yechezkel 8:8 (f. Shmuel Beis 17:9 but Wellhausen reads אַחַד for אַחַת, and so Albr^{journal ZAW xvi (1896), 86}) opening, doorway, entrance;—absolute פ׳ Breishis 4:7 +, פָּ֑תַח Breishis 19:11 +, הַפֶּ֫תְחָה v Breishis 19:6; construct פֶּתַח Breishis 18:1 +; with suffix פִּתְחוֹ Mishlei 17:19, פִּתְחָהּ Yechezkel 40:38; plural פְּתָחִים Melachim Alef 7:5; Mishlei 8:3; construct פִּתְחֵי Tehillim 24:7 +; with suffix פְּתָחָ֑י Mishlei 8:34, etc.;—doorway of nomad’s tent, פ׳ הָאֹהֶל Breishis 18:1, Breishis 18:2, Breishis 18:10; Shemos 33:8, Shemos 33:10; Bamidbar 11:10; Bamidbar 16:27; Shoftim 4:20, compare (without הָאֹהֶל) Breishis 4:7 (in figuratively), Iyov 31:9, Iyov 31:34; of sacred tent, פ׳ הָאֹהֶל Shemos 33:9, Shemos 33:10; Shemos 26:36; Shemos 36:37; Shemos 39:38; Bamidbar 12:5; Devarim 31:15, usually פ׳ אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד Shemos 29:4 + 6 times Ex + Shemos 40:6, Shemos 40:29 (פ׳ מִשְׁכַּן אֹהֶל מ׳), Vayikra 1:3 + 22 times Lv, Bamidbar 3:25 + 11 times Nu, Yehoshua 19:51; Shmuel Alef 2:22; compare Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:21; פ׳ הַמִּשְׁכָּן Shemos 35:15; compare Shemos 40:5, Shemos 40:28 (all P); of court Bamidbar 3:26 compare Bamidbar 4:26 and (of temple) Yechezkel 8:7; doorway of (private) house Breishis 19:6, Breishis 19:11^(×2) + 22 times, compare Shir HaShirim 7:14; in Mishlei 17:19 Frankenb Toy read פִּיו for פִּתְחוֹ; of temple Melachim Alef 6:33; Yechezkel 8:16, so פ׳ הַבַּית Yechezkel 47:1; Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:22; פֵ׳ הַדְּבִיר Melachim Alef 6:31, פ׳ הַצֵלָע v Melachim Alef 6:8 Yechezkel 41:11 compare v Yechezkel 41:11^(×2); plural Melachim Alef 7:5; various doorways in Ezek.’s temple Yechezkel 40:13^(×2) + 13 times Yechezkel 40:40-42 (see also below); doorway of ark Breishis 6:16; of tower Shoftim 9:52; in wall Yechezkel 8:8; opening (mouth) of cave Melachim Alef 19:13; פ׳ הַשַּׁעַר opening, that is doorway, of gate Yechezkel 40:11; of city פ׳ שַׁעַר הָעִיר, that is the outer aperture of the gate Yehoshua 8:29; Yehoshua 20:4; Shoftim 9:35, Shoftim 9:44; Yirmiya 1:15 (plural), compare Yirmiya 19:2; Melachim Alef 22:10 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:9; Melachim Beis 23:8; Mishlei 1:21; so פ׳ הַשַּׁעַר Shoftim 9:40; Shmuel Beis 10:8; Shmuel Beis 11:23; Melachim Beis 7:3; Melachim Beis 10:3, and (of farm or village) Shoftim 18:16, Shoftim 18:17; so פ׳ הָעִיר Melachim Alef 17:10; Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:6 (= Shmuel Beis 10:8 above), compare Breishis 38:14; plural of city gates themselves (poet.) Yeshaya 3:26 (personif.), פ׳ נְדִיבִים Yeshaya 13:2; פִּתְחֵי עוֹלָם Tehillim 24:7, Tehillim 24:9 (‖ שְׁעָרִים); compare figuratively שְׁמֹר פִּתְחֵי־פִיךָ Micha 7:5; also פ׳ שַׁעַר בֵּית י׳ Yirmiya 36:10; Yechezkel 8:14; Yechezkel 10:19 compare Yechezkel 8:3; Yechezkel 11:1; Yechezkel 40:4; Yechezkel 46:3, פ׳ שׁ׳ י׳ Yirmiya 26:10; פְּתָחֶיהָ Micha 5:6 of entrances to a country; figuratively פ׳ תִּקְוָה Hoshea 2:17 doorway of hope.

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פֵּ֫תַח

noun (masc.) opening, unfolding;—construct פ׳ דְּבָרֶיךָ יָאִיר Tehillim 119:130, so Septuagint and most; > Symm Jer Baethgen פֶּתַח (=thy words as a doorway).

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פִּתְחוֹן

n.[m.] opening;—construct פִּתְחוֹן פֶּה opening of mouth in speech or song Yechezkel 16:63; Yechezkel 29:21.

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פְּתַחְיָה

proper name (masc.)

priest Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:16, Εζεκηλ, Φεθεια, etc.

Levite Ezra 10:23; Nechemia 9:5, Φαθαια, Φεθεια(ς), etc.

Judahite Nechemia 11:24, Παθαια, Φαθαια.

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פֶּ֫תִי²

see under פתה.

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פָּתַח²

verb

engrave (Mishnaic Hebrew Pi. the same, פִּתּוּחַ = Biblical Hebrew, and so Targum; Assyrian patâḫu, bore, penetrate; compare perhaps Arabic فَتَخَةٌ, فَتْخَةٌ ring (compare Frä ²⁵²));—past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פִּתַּח Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:7, etc.; future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיְפַתַּח Melachim Alef 7:36; 2nd masculine singular תְּפַתַּח Shemos 28:11; infinitive (מקור) construct לְפַתֵּחַ Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:6, Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:13; participle (בינוני) מְפַתֵּחַ Zecharia 3:9;—engrave, with a direct object + עַל, on metal Melachim Alef 7:36 Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:7; Shemos 28:36 (direct object cogn. פִּתּוּחֵי חוֹתָם), on stone v Shemos 28:9; with a direct object אֶבֶן + direct object cogn. v Shemos 28:11 (all P); with a direct object cogn. only, Zecharia 3:9 (on stone), and, in generally, Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:6, Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:13.

participle (בינוני) fpl. מְפֻתָּחֹת פִּתּוּחֵי חוֹתָם Shemos 39:6 stones engraved with the engravings of a signet.

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פִּתּוּחַ

noun (masc.) engraving;—absolute פ׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:13; with suffix פִּתֻּחָהּ Zecharia 3:9; elsewhere plural פִּתּוּחִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:6, etc.;—on (wood overlaid with) metal, פִּתּוּחֵי מִקְלְעוֹת כְּרוּבִים Melachim Alef 6:29 (see v Melachim Alef 6:21, Melachim Alef 6:22), in temple, so Tehillim 74:6; on stone Zecharia 3:9, especially פִּתּוּחֵי חֹתָם Shemos 28:11, Shemos 28:21, Shemos 28:36; Shemos 39:6, Shemos 39:14, Shemos 39:30; in generally Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:6, Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:13.

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פְּתִיגִיל

n.[m.] rich robe (?) (probably foreign word);—פ׳ absolute Yeshaya 3:24, Septuagint Χιτὼν μεσοπόρφυρος, Vulgate fascia pectoralis.

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פָּתִיל

noun (masc.)Shoftim 16:9 cord, thread (twisted);—absolute פ׳ Bamidbar 19:15; construct פְּתִיל Shoftim 16:9 +; with suffix פְּתִילֶךָ֑ Breishis 38:18; plural פְּתִילִים v Breishis 38:25, פְּתִילִם Shemos 39:3;—cord (from which seal was hung) Breishis 38:18, Breishis 38:25, פ׳ נְעֹרֶת Shoftim 16:9 (simile), פ׳ פִּשְׁתִּים Yechezkel 40:3 (as measuring line); פ׳ תְּכֵלֶת, for fastening, Shemos 28:28, Shemos 28:37; Shemos 39:21, Shemos 39:31; Bamidbar 15:38, compare פָּתִיל alone Bamidbar 19:15 (perhaps gloss, see Dillmann); threads (of gold) in ephold Shemos 39:3 (all P).

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פִּתֹם

proper name (place) Pithom, Π(ε)ιθω, A Πιθωμ (Egyptian Patum, Per-Atum, house of (god) Atum) one of the עָרֵי מִסְכְּנוֹת built by Isr. for Pharaoh Shemos 1:11; identif. by Naville with Tel el-Maskhûta, near E. end of Wady Tumilat, Naville ^{Pithom, 1885} Dillmann-Ry^{ad location} Dillmann^{SBAk, 1885, 889 ff.} Bäd^{Egypt (4), 159}.

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פֶּ֫תֶן

noun (masc.) Tehillim 58:5 a venomous serpent, perhaps cobra (פתן Ben Sira 39:30; Aramaic פִּתְנָא, ܦܰܬܳܢܳܐ, whence perhaps Arabic بَثَنٌ );—only poet.: plural רֹאשׁ פְּתָנִים Devarim 32:33 (‖ חֲמַת תַּנִּינִם), Iyov 20:16, מְרוֹרַת פ׳ v Iyov 20:14; singular פֶּ֫תֶן Tehillim 91:13 (‖ תַּנִּין), פ׳ חֵרֵשׁ Tehillim 58:5, חֻר פָּ֑תֶן Yeshaya 11:8.

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פֶּ֫תַע

noun suddenness (√ unknown: compare Assyrian ina pitti, ina pittimma, in suddenness, instantly, Delitzsch^{HWB 553}):—Bamidbar 35:22 וְאִם־בְּפֶתַע … הֲדָפוֹ if he have thrust him in suddenness, before he is aware what he has done (that is accidentally); + פִּתְאֹם Bamidbar 6:9, וכי ימות מת עליו בפתע פתאם that is very suddenly; לְפֶתַע according to (לְ, p. 516b) suddenness, Yeshaya 29:5 והיה לפתע פתאם = at an instant, suddenly, Yeshaya 30:13 אשׁר פתאם לפתע יבוא שִׁבְרָהּ. As adverb direct object, suddenly, Mishlei 6:15 (= Mishlei 29:1) פֶּתַע יִשָּׁבֵר, Chavakuk 2:7.

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פִּתְאֹם²

once Tehillim 64:8 (see Baer) פִּתְאוֹם noun suddenness, usually as adverbdirect object suddenly (from פֶּתַע, with the term. -ם (compare שִׁלְשֹׁם), and with ע weakened to א: Stade's Hebrew Grammar § 295 Konig^{ii. 255 f.} Barth^{NB § 216 b});—Bamidbar 12:4 ויאמר י׳ פ׳ אל־משׁה, Yehoshua 10:9; Yehoshua 11:7; especially of calamity, invasion, etc., coming suddenly, Yeshaya 47:11; Yeshaya 48:3; Yirmiya 4:20 פ׳ שֻׁדְּדוּ אֹהָלַי, Yirmiya 6:26; Yirmiya 15:8; Yirmiya 18:22; Yirmiya 51:8 Tehillim 64:5 פ׳ יֹרֻהוּ וְלֹא יִירָ֑אוּ, v Tehillim 64:8 Iyov 5:3; Iyov 9:23; Koheles 9:12; Mishlei 6:15; Mishlei 24:22; also Mishlei 7:22; Malachi 3:1; thrice with פֶּתַע (q.see). As a generally †Mishlei 3:25 אל־תירא מִפַּחַד פ׳ of the terror of suddenness, that is the sudden terror, Iyov 22:10; and with בְּ, in suddenness, †Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:36 בפ׳ היה הדבר.

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פָּתַר

verb interpret (dream), only Breishis 40, Breishis 41 (Mishnaic Hebrew the same, J.Aramaic פְּתַר; appar. =Aramaic פְּשַׁר, ܦܫܰܪ, dissolve, figuratively solve, interpret, compare פֵּשֶׁר);—

past (עבר) 3rd masculine singular פָּתַר, c. ל person Breishis 40:22; Breishis 41:13; absolute פָּתָ֑ר Breishis 40:16; Breishis 41:12; with a direct object rei: future (עתיד) 3rd masculine singular וַיִּפְתָּר־לָנוּ Breishis 41:12; infinitive (מקור) construct לִפְתֹּר Breishis 41:15; participle (בינוני) active פֹּתֵר Breishis 40:8; Breishis 41:15, פּוֹי Breishis 41:8.

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פַּתְרוֹס

proper nameterr. = Upper Egypt, Παθουρης, Φαθουρης, etc. (Egyptian p(ĕ)-tĕ-res, south land, in Assyrian Paturisi, Erman^{journal ZAW x (1890), 118 f.} Steind^{BAS i. 344} WMM^{Hastings DB}; also (on Assyrian) Schrader ^{KGF 283 f.} Delitzsch^{Pa 310});—always in connexion with מִצְרַיִם, etc.: Yeshaya 11:11; Yirmiya 44:15; Yechezkel 30:14, אֶרֶץ פ׳ Yirmiya 44:1; Yechezkel 29:14; מִפַּתְרֹס proposes also Tehillim 68:31 (for מִתְרַפֵּס) Ne^{JBL x (1891), 152} (plausibly), compare Cheyne ^{ib. xi (1892), 125} Kau^{ψψ crit. n.}.

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פַּתְרֻסִים

adjectivegent.plural of foregoing, as noun Breishis 10:14 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:12.

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פַּתְשֶׁ֫גֶן

noun (masc.) copy (= פַּרְשֶׁגֶן q.see);—construct פּ׳ (הַ)כְּתָב Esther 3:14; Esther 4:8; Esther 8:13.

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פָּתַת

verb break up, crumble (Mishnaic Hebrew the same; Arabic فَتَّ; Ethiopic ፈተተ:; Syriac ܦܰܬ );—

infinitive (מקור) absolute of bread of מִנְחָה: פָּתוֹת אֹתָהּ פִּתִּים Vayikra 2:6.

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פַּת²

noun (fem.) ^{Mishlei 17:1} fragment, bit, morsel of bread;—absolute פ׳ חֲרֵבָה Mishlei 17:1 a dry morsel; construct פַּת־לָחֶם Breishis 18:5; Shoftim 19:5; Shmuel Alef 2:36; Shmuel Alef 28:22; Melachim Alef 17:11; Mishlei 28:21; with suffix פִּתִּי Iyov 31:17, פִּתְּךָ Mishlei 23:8, פִּתֵּךְ Rus 2:14, פִּתּוֹ Shmuel Beis 12:3; plural פִּתִּים Vayikra 2:6; Vayikra 6:14; in simile Tehillim 147:17.

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BDB — פ (250)