פ

פֶּחָה (Aramaic)

n.m. (Bab. or Pers.) governor (Assyrian loan-word, BH id.);—abs. פ׳ Ezra 5:14; cstr. פַּחַת Ezra 5:3, Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:6, Ezra 6:7, Ezra 6:13; pl. emph. פַּתֲוָתָא Daniel 3:2, Daniel 3:3, Daniel 3:27; Daniel 6:8.

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פֶּחָר (Aramaic)

n.m. potter (= paḫḫâr, 𝔗 פַּחָר (also clay), Syriac ܦܰܚܳܪܳܐ; prob. loan-wd. from Assyrian paḫâru, potter, cf. Brock Zim^Buhl);—abs. פ׳ Daniel 2:41.

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פְּלַח (Aramaic)

vb. pay reverence to, serve (deity) (cf. Assyrian palâḫu, fear, revere (and BH יָרֵא, פָּחַד etc.); Egyptian Aramaic פלח worship Lzb ³⁵¹; 𝔗 פְּלַח serve, Syriac ܦܠܰܚ; Palm. פלחא soldier);—

pay reverence to deity (usually ל acc.): Impf. 3 mpl. יִפְלְחוּן Daniel 3:28; Daniel 7:14, Daniel 7:27; so Pt. act. פָּלַח Daniel 6:17, Daniel 6:21, pl. פָּֽלְחִין Daniel 3:12, Daniel 3:14, Daniel 3:18, and (acc. dei) v Daniel 3:17.

pl. cstr. as n. פָּֽלְחֵי בֵית אֱלָהָא Ezra 7:24 servants of the house of God (+ priests, Nethinim, etc.).

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פֻּם (Aramaic)

n.m. ^{Daniel 7:8} mouth (cf. BH פֶּה; on form v. K^{§ 61, 2)} M^{§ 76 f.});—פ׳ abs. Daniel 7:8, Daniel 7:20, cstr. Daniel 4:28 +, sf. פֻּמֵּהּ (on form v. K^l.c. Nö^{Zur Gram. d. Class. Ar. 15 (1896)} (expansion of biliteral √), Ba^{ZMG xli (1887), 633 f.}) Daniel 7:5;—mouth of king Daniel 4:28, lions Daniel 6:23, beast (in vision) Daniel 7:5, horn (ib.) v Daniel 7:8, Daniel 7:20; mouth of pit Daniel 6:18.

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פַּס (Aramaic)

v. פסס.

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פְּסַנְטֵרִין (Aramaic)

n.[m.] a (triangular) stringed instrument (Gk. ψαλτήριον, Krauss^{i. 12, 99, 101; ii. 473} Prince^{EB 3232} Dr ^{Dn 58, and on 3, 5});—פ׳ Daniel 3:7, פְּסַנְתֵּרִין v Daniel 3:5, Daniel 3:10, Daniel 3:15.

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פַּס² (Aramaic)

n.m. palm of hand;—cstr. Daniel 5:5, emph. פַּסָּא v Daniel 5:24.

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פַּרְזֶל (Aramaic)

n.m. Daniel 2:40 iron (𝔗 Syriac; v. BH בַּרְזֶל);—abs. Daniel 2:33 (-זֶ֑ל), Daniel 4:12 +; emph. פַּרְזְלָא Daniel 2:34 +;—Daniel 2:33, Daniel 2:34 + 11 times Daniel 2:2; Daniel 4:12, Daniel 4:20; Daniel 5:4, Daniel 5:23; Daniel 7:7, Daniel 7:19.

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פְּרַס (Aramaic)

vb. break in two (v. BH פרס);—Peʿîl (W^{CG 224}) Pf. 3 fs. פְּרִיסַת מַלְכוּתָךְ Daniel 5:28.

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פָּרַס (Aramaic)

n.pr. terr. et gent. Persia (as kingdom), Persians (v. BH id.)—;פ׳ Daniel 6:9, Daniel 6:13, Daniel 6:16; פָּרָ֑ס Daniel 5:28; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 6:14.

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פְּרַק (Aramaic)

vb. tear away, break off (v. BH [פָּרַק);—

Imv. ms. פְּרֻק Daniel 4:24 (cf. Dr), acc. of sins + ב instr.

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פְּרַשׁ (Aramaic)

vb. make distinct (cf. BH (chiefly late));—

Pt. pass. Ezra 4:18 made distinct (BH Nechemia 8:8; 𝔗 NH).

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פַּרְשֶׁ֫גֶן (Aramaic)

n.m. Ezra 4:23 copy (𝔗 -שַׁגְנָא, Syriac ܦܰܪܫܰܓܢܳܐ; Aramaic loan-word in BH, where also פַּתְשֶׁגֶן id.; loan-word from Pers. (Thes^{1133; Add. 108}), cf. Armen. patǧên, copy, Gildemeister^{ZKM iv. 210} Lag^{Ges. Abh. 79; Armen. Stud. § 1838} Mey^{Enst. J. 22} Hoffm^{ZA ii. 52}, OIran. *paticayan, id., according to Andr^{M 79*}; not clear whether פַּר׳ is textual error for פת׳ (Hoffm^l.c.), or from diff. orig. (Andr^l.c. paračayan? paricayan?), or from same √ in diff. stage (so appar. Scheft⁵², citing, for both, OBaktr. fra-sěṅhana, announcement, OIran. praśaṃsana, praśāsana, command, Arabic frasasti, command, patisêṅhana, answer, OP. *patithaṅhana, announcement, answer));—cstr. פ׳ Ezra 4:11, Ezra 4:23; Ezra 5:6.

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פְּשַׁר (Aramaic)

vb. interpret (a dream) (𝔗 id., Syriac ܦܫܰܪ, perhaps EgyptianAramaic פשר Lzb³⁵⁵ SAC¹⁰⁰ (Arabic فسّر loan-word, v. Frä²⁶³); Assyrian pašâru);—

Inf. לְמִפְשַׁר Daniel 5:16, acc. cogn. פִּשְׁרִין.

Pt. act. מְפַשַּׁר Daniel 5:12, acc. חֶלְמִין.

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פְּשַׁר² (Aramaic)

n.m. Daniel 2:45 interpretation (of dream) (cf. BH as loan-word);—cstr. פ׳ Daniel 4:3; Daniel 5:15, Daniel 5:26; Daniel 7:16; emph. פִּשְׁרָא Daniel 2:4 + 7 times Dn, + Daniel 4:15, Daniel 4:16 Kt (Qr. הּ—ֵ); ה—ָ Daniel 2:7; Daniel 5:12; sf. הּ—ֵ Daniel 2:5, Daniel 2:6^(×2) + 11 times Dn, + Qr Daniel 4:15, Daniel 4:16 (Kt א—ָ); pl. פִּשְׁרִין Daniel 5:16.

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פִּתְגָם (Aramaic)

n.m. ^{Ezra 6:11} command, word, affair (Pers.: v. BH);—abs. פ׳ Daniel 3:16; emph. -מָא Ezra 4:17 +;—command Ezra 6:11, word, by missive Ezra 5:7, from king Ezra 4:17 (both c. שְׁלַח), in answer Ezra 5:11 (c. התיב); weakened, thing, affair Daniel 3:16; Daniel 4:14.

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פֵּאָה

n.f. corner, side (part cut off, ‘Abschnitt,’ according to Schröter in Me^{Archiv. i. 461} Ba^{ZMG xii (1887), 615} Buhl^Lex, but perhaps bilit., Nö^{M. 485} Sta^{§ 185}, and not from √ פאה; cf. Arabic فِىَٔةٌ company, etc. (Nö^l.c.); Assyrian pâtu, side, edge, border, v. especially Meissn^{Suppl. 74}; NH = BH, Aramaic פָּאתָא, ܦܰܐܬܳܐ );—abs. פ׳ Yirmiya 9:25 + 4 times; cstr. פְּאַת Amos 3:12 + 77 times; pl. abs. פֵּאֹת Shemos 25:26; Shemos 37:23; du. cstr. פַּאֲתֵי Bamidbar 24:17 (but read prob. פְּאַת as ‖ Yirmiya 48:45);—

corner of divan Amos 3:12; table Shemos 25:26, Shemos 37:13; field Vayikra 19:9; Vayikra 23:22 (H); land (prob.) וַתַּ לְקֵם לְפֵאָה Nechemia 9:22, i.e. into every corner; פ׳ רֹאשְׁכֶם Vayikra 19:27 (i.e. your temples), פ׳ זְקָנֶ֑ךָ v Vayikra 19:27 cf. Vayikra 21:5 (all H); קְצוּצֵי פֵאָה those clipped on the temples Yirmiya 9:25; Yirmiya 25:23; Yirmiya 49:32 (epith. of Arabic tribes, Herod. ^{iii, 8} WMM^{As. u. Eur. 140 f.} We^{Skizzen iii. 119; Heid. 2, 198}); temples of Moab (under fig. of man) Bamidbar 24:17 (JE) Yirmiya 48:45.

side:

usually of Ezekiel’s temple, the tabern., the holy city and the land, or its subdivisions (only Yechezkel 41-48 [47 times] and P [26 times]): in plur. פְּאַת קָדִ֫ים(ה) East side Yechezkel 47:18 + 17 times Ez, = פ׳ קֵדְמָה Shemos 27:13 + 3 times P and Yechezkel 45:7 (v. Co Toy); פ׳ צָפ֫וֹן(ה) North side Yechezkel 47:15 Shemos 26:20 + 9 times; פ׳ נֶגֶב (נֶ֫גְבָּה) South side Yechezkel 47:19^(×2) Shemos 27:9 + 8 times; פ׳ יָם (יָ֫מָּה) West side Yechezkel 45:7 Shemos 27:12 + 21 times + פ׳ דֶּרֶךְ־הַיָּם Yechezkel 41:12 (also פ׳ קָדִים הַיָּם Yechezkel 48:1); abs. only לַפֵּאָה הָאֶחָת Shemos 27:9.

פְּאַת פָּנָיו Vayikra 13:41 side (border) of his face (forehead and temples; P).

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פְּאֵר

n.m. ^{Yechezkel 44:18} head-dress, turban (? orig. ornament);—abs. פ׳ of bridegroom Yeshaya 61:10, sign of joy v Yeshaya 61:3 (opp. mourning, and so) פְּאֵרְךָ Yechezkel 24:17, pl. sf. פְּאֵרֵכֶם v Yechezkel 24:23 (worn by men of position); of priests פַּאֲרֵי פִשְׁתִּים Yechezkel 44:18, פּ׳ הַמִּגְבָּעֹת שֵׁשׁ Shemos 39:28 (P); pl. abs. פְּאֵרִים Yeshaya 3:20 (of luxurious women).

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פֹּארָה

n.f. bough;—pl., all in fig.: of vine, abs. פֹּארֹת Yechezkel 17:6 (Baer פֹּרֹאות); of cedar, sf. פֹּארֹתוֹ Yechezkel 31:5 (Kt; יו—ָ Qr); פֹּארֹתָיו v Yechezkel 31:6, פֹּרֹאתָיו v Yechezkel 31:8, Yechezkel 31:12, Yechezkel 31:13.

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פארה

Kt, פּוּרָה Qr n.f.coll. boughs Yeshaya 10:33 (van d. H. Baer פֻּארָה).

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פָּארוּר

n.[m.] meaning dub.; only קִבְּצוּ פ׳ Nachum 2:11 Yoel 2:6; Thes, all faces gather a glow (glow with dread, from assumed √ פאר), so We Now; AE Hi al. gather in (their) beauty (√ I. פאר; grow pale); Vrss AV gather blackness (from פָּרוּר a pot!), v. Dr; all very uncertain.

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פָּארָן

n.pr.loc. Paran, Φαραν (cf. n.pr. פארן Sin. Inscr.);—usually מִדְבַּר פ׳ home of Ishmael Breishis 21:21 (E), traversed by Isr. in Exodus Bamidbar 12:16 (E), Bamidbar 10:12; Bamidbar 13:2, Bamidbar 13:26 (all P); it lay NE. from (the traditional) Sinai, with Gulf of Akaba and the ʿArabah as its E. border (s. איל פארן); here was הַר פ׳ Devarim 33:2 Chavakuk 3:3,—perhaps coast-range of mts. along W. shore of Gulf of Akaba; פ׳ alone Melachim Alef 11:18^(×2) (betw. Midian and Egypt); Devarim 1:1 (loc. dub.).—Shmuel Alef 25:1 v. ii. מָעוֹן sub עון.—Vid. Rob^{BR i, 177 f.} Palmer^{Desert of Exodus, 284 ff.}, Di Dr Dt.

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פִּגּוּל

n.m. ^{Vayikra 7:18} foul thing, refuse, but only as term. techn. of unclean sacrificial flesh;—it is פ׳ if eaten on third day Vayikra 7:18 (P), Vayikra 19:7 (H); cf. בְּשַׂר פ׳ Yechezkel 4:14 (undefined); pl. מְרַק פִּגֻּלִים Yeshaya 65:4 broth of refuse things (Kt פרק), RS^{Sem i. 325, 2nd ed. 343} thinks of flesh with the blood; Du^{ad loc.} of mice and other unclean animals.

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פָּגַע

vb. meet, encounter, reach (NH id.; Aramaic פְּגַע, ܦܓܰܥ; poss. akin to Arabic فَجَأَ, فَجِىَٔ happen to, light upon; فَجَعَ is pain, afflict);—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Melachim Alef 2:32 +, sf. וּפְגָעוֹ consec. Amos 5:19, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּפְגַּע Breishis 28:11 +; 1 pl. נְפְגַּע Iyov 21:15, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּגַע Shoftim 8:21 +; mpl. פִּגְעוּ Breishis 23:8; Inf. cstr. לִפִגֹּעַ Shmuel Alef 22:17, sf. פִּגְעוֹ Bamidbar 35:19, Bamidbar 35:21;—

meet, light upon, c. acc. pers. Shmuel Alef 10:5 Shemos 5:20 (J), c. sf. pers. Amos 5:19; פ׳ שׁוֹר Shemos 23:4; c. ב pers. Breishis 32:2 (E), Bamidbar 35:19, Bamidbar 35:21 (P); c. ב loc. Breishis 28:11 (E).

meet, with kindness, c. acc. pers. Yeshaya 64:4 (subj. י׳), so Yeshaya 47:3 according to Ew De Di al.; Che^Hpt. אֶפְרַע (reading, with Du, אמר for אָדָם).

encounter with hostility, fall upon c. ב pers. Yehoshua 2:16 (JE), Shoftim 8:21; Shoftim 15:12; Shoftim 18:25 Shmuel Alef 22:17, Shmuel Alef 22:18^(×2) Shmuel Beis 1:15 Melachim Alef 2:25, Melachim Alef 2:29, Melachim Alef 2:31, Melachim Alef 2:32, Melachim Alef 2:34, Melachim Alef 2:46 Rus 2:22; of God, c. acc. (sf.), + ב instr. Shemos 5:3.

encounter with request, entreat, c. ב pers. Yirmiya 7:16 Iyov 21:15, sq. cl. Yirmiya 27:18 Rus 1:16, + ל pers. on whose behalf Breishis 23:8.

strike, touch, of boundary, c. ב loc. Yehoshua 16:7; Yehoshua 19:11, Yehoshua 19:22, Yehoshua 19:26, Yehoshua 19:27, Yehoshua 19:34^(×2), cf. Yehoshua 17:10; c. אֶל loc. Yehoshua 19:11.

cause to light upon, Pf. 3 ms. הִפְגִּיעַ c. acc. rei + ב pers. Yeshaya 53:6.

cause one (acc.) to entreat 1 s. הִפְגַּעְתִּי (ב pers.) Yirmiya 15:11 (otherwise Gie; Co del. v. as gloss).

make entreaty, 3 pl. הִפְגִּעוּ Yirmiya 36:25 c. ב pers.; more gen. interpose, Impf. 3 ms. יַפְגִּיעַ Yeshaya 53:12, c. ל pers. in whose behalf; Pt. מַפְגִּיעַ Yeshaya 59:16 one interposing.

make attack, only Pt. Iyov 36:32 assailant, but Ol Bu Du al. מִפְגָּע mark.

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פֶּ֫גַע

n.m. occurrence, chance;—abs. פ׳ Melachim Alef 5:18 evil occurrence; Koheles 9:11 time and chance.

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פַּגְעִיאֵל

n.m. Asherite, Φαγαιηλ, -εηλ;—Bamidbar 1:13; Bamidbar 2:27; Bamidbar 7:72, Bamidbar 7:77; Bamidbar 10:26.

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פֶּ֫גֶר

n.m. ^{Yeshaya 14:19} corpse, carcass;—abs. פ׳ Yeshaya 14:19 +, פָּ֑גֶר Nachum 3:3; cstr. פֶּגֶר Shmuel Alef 17:46; pl. פְּגָרִים Melachim Beis 19:35 +; cstr. פִּגְרֵי Yirmiya 33:5; sf. פִּגְרֵיכֶם Vayikra 26:30 +, etc.;—

of men, sg. Yeshaya 14:19; usually pl. Yeshaya 34:3; Yeshaya 66:24 Yirmiya 31:40; Yirmiya 33:5; Yirmiya 41:9 Yechezkel 6:5; Yechezkel 43:7, Yechezkel 43:9 Vayikra 26:30 Bamidbar 14:29, Bamidbar 14:32, Bamidbar 14:33 Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:24,—v Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:25 read prob. בְגָדִים, so 𝔊 (?), 𝔙 Be Krochm Kau Kit;—פְּגָרִים מֵתִים Melachim Beis 19:35 = Yeshaya 37:36; sg. coll. Shmuel Alef 17:46, רַב־הַפֶּגֶר Amos 8:3, כֹּבֶד־פ׳ Nachum 3:3; fig. of idols פִּגְרֵי גִּלּוּלֵיכֶם Vayikra 26:30.

of animals Breishis 15:11.

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פָּדָה

vb. ransom (NH in deriv.; Ph. in n.pr.; Assyrian padû, id., Arabic فَدَى; Ethiopic ፈደየ; Min. פדית redeemed or purchased land Mordt^{Beitr. 23});—

Pf. 3 ms. פָּדָה Vayikra 27:27 +; sf. פָּֽדְךָ Iyov 5:20; 2 ms. פָּדִיתָ Devarim 9:26 +, etc.; Impf. יִפְדֶּה Tehillim 49:8 +, etc.; Imv. פְּדֵה Tehillim 25:22; sf. פְּדֵנִי Tehillim 26:11 + 3 times; Inf. abs. פָּדֹה Bamidbar 18:15 Tehillim 49:8; cstr. לִפְדּוֹת Shmuel Beis 7:23 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:2; Pt. act. פּוֹדֶה Tehillim 34:23; sf. פֹּדְךָ Devarim 13:6; pass. pl. cstr. פְּדוּיֵי Yeshaya 35:10; Yeshaya 51:11 Bamidbar 3:49; also abs. פְּדוּיִם Bamidbar 3:51 (Qr; Kt פדים), cstr. פְּדוּיֵי v Bamidbar 3:46; sf. פְּדוּיָו Bamidbar 18:16 (all n. abstr. according to Di Kö^{ii. 1, 138}, v. פְּדוּיִם, פִּדְיֹם infr.);—ransom:

for an assessed price Shemos 13:13, Shemos 13:15; Shemos 34:20 (J), Vayikra 27:27 Bamidbar 3:46, Bamidbar 3:48, Bamidbar 3:49, Bamidbar 3:51; Bamidbar 18:15, Bamidbar 18:16, Bamidbar 18:17 (P).

from violence and death Shmuel Alef 14:45 Iyov 6:23 Tehillim 49:8.

God subj. (underlying thought of payment):

from Egypt, c. מִן, מִבֵּית עֲבָדִים Devarim 7:8; Devarim 13:6 Micha 6:4; מִנִּי־צָר Tehillim 78:42; ממצרים Shmuel Beis 7:23 (but del. פָּדִיתָ Gei^{Urschr. 288} We Dr al.) = Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:21; מִשָּׁם Devarim 24:18; abs. Devarim 9:26; Devarim 15:15; Devarim 21:8 Nechemia 1:10.

from exile, Yirmiya 31:11 Zecharia 10:8; פְּדוּיֵי י׳ יְשֻׁבוּן Yeshaya 35:10 = Yeshaya 51:11.

in gen. Hoshea 7:13; מִכֹּל צָרוֹתָיו Tehillim 25:22; מִכֹּל עֲוֹנוֹתָיו Tehillim 130:8.

c. acc. individ. Tehillim 26:11; Tehillim 31:6; Tehillim 44:27; Tehillim 69:19; Abraham Yeshaya 29:22; פ׳ נפשׁ Tehillim 34:23; Tehillim 71:23; + מכל צרה Shmuel Beis 4:9 Melachim Alef 1:29; מֵעֲבֹר בַּשָּׁ֑חַת Iyov 33:28; מִקְּרָב־לִי Tehillim 55:19; מִמָּוֶת Iyov 5:20; מיד שׁאול Tehillim 49:16 Hoshea 13:14; מֵעשֶׁק אָדָם Tehillim 119:134; מִכַּף עָרִיצִים Yirmiya 15:21.

Pf. 3 fs. (+ Hoph. Inf. abs.) הָפְדֵּה לֹא נִפְדָּ֑תָה Vayikra 19:20 she hath not been at all ransomed (from bondage); Impf. יִפָּדֶה Vayikra 27:29 (from ban); 3 fs. צִיּוֹן בְּמִשְׁפָּט תִּפָּדֶ֑ה Yeshaya 1:27.

Pf. 3 ms. sf. וְהֶפְדָּהּ Shemos 21:8 he shall let her be ransomed. Hiph. Inf. abs. v. Niph.

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פָּדוֹן

n.pr.m. (ransom; cf. Ph. פדי) head of family of Nethinim Ezra 2:44 Nechemia 7:46; Φαδων.

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פְּדוּת

n.f. ransom; פ׳ Tehillim 111:9 + 2 times; פְּדֻת Shemos 8:19;—from exile Yeshaya 50:2; from iniquities Tehillim 130:7; in gen. Tehillim 111:9, שַׂמְתִּי פְדֻת בֵּין עַמִּי וּבֵין עְמֶּ֑ךָ Shemos 8:19 I will set a ransom (distinguishing) between my people and thy people 𝔗, but improb. and text dub.; 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 set a distinction (reading what?).

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פִּדְיוֹם

n.m. ransom;—Bamidbar 3:49, read prob. פְּדוּיִם (so Sam.); פִּדְיֹם v Bamidbar 3:51 Kt (Qr פְּדוּיִם);—v. פדה Qal Pt. pass., and פְּדוּיִם supr.

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פִּדְיוֹן

n.m. id.;—פּ׳ נֶפֶשׁ Shemos 21:30 (E); Tehillim 49:9.

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פְּדַהְאֵל

n.pr.m. (Ēl hath ransomed; cf. Ph. בעלפדה; Assyrian Pudu-ilu, Pudi-ilu COT^Gloss.);—prince of Naphtali Bamidbar 34:28; Φαδαηλ.

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פְּדָהצוּר

n.pr.m. (the Rock hath ransomed) Manassite, Bamidbar 1:10; Bamidbar 2:20; Bamidbar 7:54, Bamidbar 7:59; Bamidbar 10:23 Φαδασσουρ.

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פְּדָיָהוּ

n.pr.m. (י׳ hath ransomed; in late Bab. Padâma, Hilpr^{Univ. Pa. Exp. ix. 27, 68});—פְּדָיָה:

father-in-law of Josiah Melachim Beis 23:36, but 𝔊 Εδειλ (𝔊L Ιερεμιας, from v Melachim Beis 23:31).

father of Zerub. Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:18, Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:19.

Nechemia 3:25.

Nechemia 8:4.

Benjamite Nechemia 11:7.

Levite Nechemia 13:13.

פְּדָיָהוּ, Manassite Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:20—𝔊 (except 1) Φα(λ)δαιας, etc.

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פֶּה

n.m. Yehoshua 9:2 mouth (prob. bilit. [פו, פי] Sta^{§ 183}; NH = BH; Ph. לפי according to; Assyrian pû, mouth; Arabic فُوهٌ, فَاهٌ, فِيهٌ; Ethiopic አፍ; Syriac ܠܦܽܘܬ according to; but also Arabic فَمّ, فُمّ, فِمّ, Biblical Aramaic פֻּם, 𝔗 פּוּמָא; Syriac ܦܽܘܡܳܐ; Mand. פומא Nö^{M § 87});—abs. פ׳ Shemos 4:10 +, cstr. פִּי Yeshaya 1:20 +; sf. 1 s. פִּי Breishis 45:12 +, 2 ms. פִּיךָ Breishis 41:40 +, 3 ms. פִּיו Breishis 25:28 +, פִּיהוּ Shemos 4:15 +, 3 mpl. פִּיהֶם Shoftim 7:6 +, פִּימוֹ Tehillim 17:10 + 2 times, etc.; pl. פִּיּוֹת Mishlei 5:4, פֵיוֹת (שְׁנֵי) Shoftim 3:16, פִּיפִיּוֹת Yeshaya 41:15 Tehillim 149:6; פִּים Shmuel Alef 13:21 (corrupt, v. Dr al.);—

mouth, of man, organ of eating and drinking Breishis 25:28 Shoftim 7:6 Shmuel Alef 14:26, Shmuel Alef 14:27 Nechemia 9:20 Mishlei 19:24 = Mishlei 26:15 +; fig. as finding things sweet Iyov 20:12 Tehillim 119:103; fig. of earth Breishis 4:11, swallowing Korah, etc. Bamidbar 16:30, Bamidbar 16:32; Bamidbar 26:10 Devarim 11:6; fig. also of She’ôl, וּפָֽעֲרָה פִיהָ Yeshaya 5:14, cf. Tehillim 69:16.

external organ, וַיָּשֶׂם פִּיו עַל־פִּיו Melachim Beis 4:34 Mishlei 30:20; of kissing Melachim Alef 19:18 Shir HaShirim 1:2; וַתִּשַּׁק יָדִי לְפִי Iyov 31:27; cf. phr. שִׂים יָד עַל־פֶּה (of keeping silence) Shoftim 18:19 Micha 7:16 Iyov 21:5, cf. Iyov 29:9; Iyov 40:4 Mishlei 30:32; of mocking triumph פָּעַר עָלַי בְּפ׳ Iyov 16:10; הִרְחִיב פ׳ עַל Tehillim 35:21 Yeshaya 57:4, also רָחַב פִּי עַל Shmuel Alef 2:1.

of י׳ in theoph., sending out fire Shmuel Beis 22:9 = Tehillim 18:9.

much oftener, as organ of speech, of man: פ׳ speaks Breishis 45:12 Shmuel Beis 1:16 Yeshaya 9:16 Iyov 9:20; Iyov 15:5, Iyov 15:6 Tehillim 37:30 +; speak בְּמוֹ־פִי Iyov 19:16; open פ׳, אֶל־י׳ Shoftim 11:35, Shoftim 11:36, abs. Iyov 3:1; Iyov 33:2 +; shut פ׳ (be silent) Yeshaya 52:15, cf. חָשַׂךְ פ׳ Iyov 7:11, and (of iniquity, personif.) קָפַץ פ׳ Iyov 5:16 Tehillim 107:42; guard פ׳, Mishlei 13:3 (נָצַר), Mishlei 21:23 (שָׁמַר), cf. שָׁמַר פִּתְחֵי פ׳ Micha 7:5, also Tehillim 39:2 (v. שׁמר); words, etc., are in (ב) mouth Shmuel Beis 17:5; Shmuel Beis 18:25 Devarim 30:14 Melachim Alef 17:24; שִׂים דְּבָרִים בְּפ׳ Shmuel Beis 14:3, Shmuel Beis 14:19 Shemos 4:15, also (God subj.) Bamidbar 22:38; Bamidbar 23:12, Bamidbar 23:16 +; of utterance יָצָא מִפּ׳ Shoftim 11:36 Bamidbar 30:3; Bamidbar 32:24 Yehoshua 6:10 +; depart from mouth (cease to be mentioned) מוּשׁ מִפּ׳ Yehoshua 1:8 Yeshaya 59:21, cf. נִכְרַת מִפּ׳ Yirmiya 7:28, לֹא יִשָּׁמַע עַל־פִּיךָ Shemos 23:13; אִמְרֵי פ׳ Devarim 32:1 words of my mouth, so Iyov 8:2 Tehillim 19:15; Tehillim 54:4; דִּבְרֵי פ׳ Tehillim 36:4 Koheles 10:12, Koheles 10:13; of agency, בְּפּ׳ by the mouth of Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:21, Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:22 = מִפּ׳ Ezra 1:1; דִּבֶּר פִּיו עִם־פִּיו Yirmiya 32:4 speak mouth to mouth (cf. Yirmiya 34:3 Bamidbar 12:8); פ׳ = speech Yeshaya 29:13 Tehillim 49:14 Koheles 10:13; כְּבַד פ׳ Shemos 4:10 heavy of speech (not eloquent); אֶהְיֶה עִם־פ׳ v Shemos 4:12, Shemos 4:15, i.e. aid thee in speaking; יִהְיֶה־לְּךָ לְפ׳ v Shemos 4:16 he shall be mouth for thee; מִפִּיו יִקְרָא אֵלַי Yirmiya 36:18, i.e. dictate; כָּתַב מִפּ׳ v. כָּתַב 1 b (3); bad qualities ascribed to it, עִקְּשׁוּת פ׳ Mishlei 4:24; Mishlei 6:12; פִּי תַהְפֻּכוֹת Mishlei 8:13; פֶּה חָלָק Mishlei 26:28; אַל־תַּגְדֵּל פ׳ Ovadia 1:12, cf. Micha 6:12 Yechezkel 35:13.

as laughing Iyov 8:21 Tehillim 126:2; panting Tehillim 119:131.

of God; his mouth speaks Yeshaya 1:20; Yeshaya 40:5 Yirmiya 9:11 +; he speaks בְּפ׳ Melachim Alef 8:15, Melachim Alef 8:34; wd. proceeds מִפּ׳ Devarim 8:3 Yeshaya 45:23 +; פֶּה אֶל־פֶּה אֲדַבֵּר בּוֹ Bamidbar 12:8; he creates בְּרוּחַ פִּיו Tehillim 33:6; he executes judgment בְּשֵׁבֶט פִּיו Yeshaya 11:4; especially = command: עָבַר אֶת־פִּי י׳ Shmuel Alef 15:24 Bamidbar 14:41; Bamidbar 22:18; Bamidbar 24:13 Mishlei 8:29; פ׳ (אֶת־) מָרָה Shmuel Alef 12:14, Shmuel Alef 12:15 Bamidbar 20:24 Melachim Alef 13:21 +; cf. 6 d.

of idols, Tehillim 115:5; Tehillim 136:16, Tehillim 136:17.

of musical instr. = sound Amos 6:5 (cf. 6 d).

of animals: bird Breishis 8:11 (carrying), Yeshaya 10:14 (chirping); ass Bamidbar 22:28 (speaking); bear, lion Shmuel Alef 17:35 (seizing), Amos 3:12 (id.), hippop. Iyov 40:23 (drinking), crocod. Iyov 41:11, Iyov 41:13 (breathing flame); also of human foes, under fig. of ravenous beasts Tehillim 22:22 Yechezkel 21:27; Yechezkel 34:10; פָּצָה פ׳ עַל Tehillim 22:14 Eicha 2:16; Eicha 3:46; hence of edge of sword, חֶרֶב פִּיּוֹת Mishlei 5:4 a sword with edges (in sim.), = ח׳ פִּיפִיּוֹת Tehillim 149:6; cf. Shoftim 3:16; v. also 6 c (2), infr.; בַּעַל פִּיפִיּוֹת Yeshaya 41:15, of מוֹרַג.

mouth = opening, orifice; of well Breishis 29:2, Breishis 29:3^(×2), Breishis 29:8, Breishis 29:10; cave Yehoshua 10:18, Yehoshua 10:22, Yehoshua 10:27; ravine, abyss Yirmiya 48:28 (si vera l., cf. Gie); also of Sh^e’ôl Tehillim 141:7; of a sack Breishis 42:27; Breishis 43:12, Breishis 43:21; Breishis 44:1, Breishis 44:2, Breishis 44:8; ephah Zecharia 5:8; high-priest’s robe Shemos 28:32 + 5 times, cf. prob. Tehillim 133:2; tunic Iyov 30:18; of a round opening also Melachim Alef 7:31^(×3) (on text and meaning v. Benz Kit); of mouth of Nile Yeshaya 19:7 (others brink); gate of city Mishlei 8:3 (but read perhaps לִפְנֵי, v. Toy).

extremity, end פֶּה לָפֶה from end to end, of a temple Melachim Beis 10:21; city Melachim Beis 21:16, מִפֶּה אֶל־פֶּה of land Ezra 9:11.

= portion, פִּי שְׁנַיִם †Devarim 21:17 Melachim Beis 2:9 Zecharia 13:8.

with preps.:—

אֶל פִּי, v. infr. d(2).

כְּפִי: (a) according to the command of, Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:23; (b) according to the mouth of, i.e. in proportion to (cf. Assyrian ki-i pi-i, Dl^HWB325), †Shemos 16:21 they gathered it אִישׁ כְּפִי אָכְלוֹ each in proportion to his eating (v Shemos 16:16, Shemos 16:18 לְפִי), Vayikra 25:52 כְּפִי שָׁנָיו according to the number of his years (cf. v Shemos 16:16 לְפִי); Bamidbar 6:21; Bamidbar 7:5 אִישׁ כְּפִי עֲבֹדָתוֹ (so Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:2), Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:7, Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:8; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:8 (all P); Iyov 33:6 הֵן־אֲנִי כְפִיךָ לָאֵל I am in the proportion of thee as regards God, i.e. I stand towards God even as thou dost. As conj., כְּפִי אֲשֶׁר, †Malachi 2:9 כְּפִי אֲשֶׁר אֵינְכֶם שֹׁמְרִים אֶת־דְּרָכַי acc. as ye do not keep, etc.; and without אשׁר Zecharia 2:4 כְּפִי אִישׁ־לֹא נָשָׂא רֹאשׁוֹ in such proportion that none did lift up his head (but We Now אֲשֶׁר for אִישׁ, that it, Judah, did not, etc.).

לְפִי, nearly i.q. כְּפִי (v. לְ 5 i b), but more common (cf. Aramaic לְפוּם, ܠܦܽܘܬ ): (1) †Breishis 47:12 לְפִי הַטָּ֑ף, Shemos 12:4 ye shall compute אִישׁ לְפִי אָכְלוֹ each according to his eating (according to the quantity which his family will consume), Shemos 16:16, Shemos 16:18 Vayikra 25:16 לְפִי רֹב הַשָּׁנִים, v Vayikra 25:16, Vayikra 25:51; Vayikra 27:16 לְפִי זַרְעוֹ, Bamidbar 26:54 Yehoshua 18:4 Melachim Alef 17:1 לְפִי דְבָרִי כִּי אִם־, Hoshea 10:12 קִצְרוּ לְפִי חֶסֶד (‖ לִצְדָקָה), Mishlei 12:8; Mishlei 27:21: sq. inf. Bamidbar 9:17 לְפִי הֵעָלוֹת הֶעָנָן = acc. as the cloud was lifted up, Yirmiya 29:10. (2) in the phr. לְפִי חֶרֶב according to the mouth, or measure, of the sword, i.e. as the sword devours, without quarter, Breishis 34:26 Shemos 17:13 Bamidbar 21:24 + often

עַל פִּי: (1) according to (עַל) 1 f a) the mouth of, i.e. (α) the command of, Breishis 41:40; Breishis 45:21 Shemos 17:1; Shemos 38:21 Bamidbar 3:16, Bamidbar 3:39 + (especially P), Melachim Beis 23:35; (β) the evidence or sentence of, Devarim 17:6 עַל־פִּי עֵד אֶחָד, Devarim 19:15; Devarim 21:5 (on עַל־פִּי הַנָּ֑כֶל Amos 6:5, v. 2 e supr.). (2) according to the measure of, in accordance with, †Breishis 43:7 we told him על פי הדברים האלה according to these words (i.e. the questions Joseph asked), Shemos 34:27 in accordance with these words, Vayikra 27:8 על־פי אשׁר תַּשִּׂיג יַד הנֹּדֵר according to what the hand of the vower can reach to, v Vayikra 27:18 (cf. לְפִי Vayikra 25:16, Vayikra 25:51), Devarim 17:10, Devarim 17:11 Shmuel Beis 13:32 (but v. שׂוּמָה), Mishlei 22:6 חֲנֹךְ לַנַּעַר על פי דרכו. In the same sense אֶל פִּ׳, †Yehoshua 15:13; Yehoshua 17:4; Yehoshua 21:3.

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פֹּה

and (Yechezkel 40-41, Yechezkel 23 out of 35 times) פּוֹ, also †Iyov 38:11 פֹּא, adv.loc. here, hither (prob. from the same demonst. √ found in ف so, then (often in apod.), אַף, אֵפוֹא: cf. Kö^{ii. 1, 247 f., 243, 331 f.}):—

here:

Breishis 19:12 עֹד מִי־לְךָ פֹה whom hast thou still here? Breishis 22:5 שְׁבוּ לָכֶם פֹּה, Breishis 40:15; Bamidbar 22:8; Bamidbar 32:16 Devarim 5:25; Devarim 12:8 Shoftim 4:20 הֲיֵשׁ פֹּה אִישׁ, Melachim Beis 3:11, etc.; asked in some surprise, Shoftim 18:3 מַה־לְּךָ פֹה = what is thy business here? simil. †Melachim Alef 19:9, Melachim Alef 19:13; Yeshaya 22:16; Yeshaya 52:5 וְעַתָּה מַה־לִּי־פֹה. Cf. the syn. בָּזֶה, כֹּה 2.

עַד־פֹּה †Iyov 38:11.

מִפֹּה or מִפּוֹ, only Yechezkel 40-41, and always (except Yechezkel 40:12, where it must be supplied with 𝔊 𝔖) repeated, on this side … on that side (cf. מִזֶּה … מִזֶּה), Yechezkel 40:10^(×2), Yechezkel 40:12, b, Yechezkel 40:21^(×2), etc.

with the interrog. אֵי, אֵיפֹה where? v. p. 33.

after a verb of motion, hither, Shmuel Alef 16:11 עַד־בֹּאוֹ פֹה, Ezra 4:2.

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פּוּאָה

n.pr.m. in Issachar, Φουα, etc.;—פּוּאָה Shoftim 10:1 (v. GFM), Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:1; פֻּוָּה Breishis 46:13; Bamidbar 26:3.

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פּוּחַ

vb. breathe, blow (NH פּוּחַ blow out; Arabic (فوخ), فَاخَ = Heb., so Aramaic פּוּחַ, ܦܳܚ );—

Impf. 3 ms. יָפוּחַ הַיּוֹם Shir HaShirim 2:17; Shir HaShirim 4:6 until the day breathes, i.e. grows cool.

Impf. 3 ms. יָפִיחַ Tehillim 10:5 +; יָפִחַ Mishlei 14:25; וְיָפֵחַ Chavakuk 2:3, etc.; Imv. fs. הָפִיחִי Shir HaShirim 4:16;—

cause garden (acc.) to exhale (sc. odours) Shir HaShirim 4:16.

puff, snort, against, ב pers., Tehillim 10:5.

עַל pers., Yechezkel 21:36 with the fire of my wrath will I blow against thee.

excite, inflame city Mishlei 29:8.

c. לוֹ Tehillim 12:6 puff, = pant for it (so most; Thes Hi al. against whom men puff; Bae אֹפִיעַ לוֹ I will shine forth to him); לַקֵּץ Chavakuk 2:3 the vision panteth (hasteth) towards the end (so most).

breathe out, utter, כְּזָבִים Mishlei 6:19; Mishlei 14:5, Mishlei 14:25; Mishlei 19:5, Mishlei 19:9, אֱמוּנָה Mishlei 12:17.

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פִּיחַ

n.[m.] soot, 𝔊 αἰθάλη (? wafted about);—cstr. פ׳ (הַ)כִּבְשָׁן Shemos 9:8, Shemos 9:10 (P) furnace-soot.

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פּוּט

n.pr.gent. prob. Libyans, or Lib. tribe; usually named with African peoples: Nachum 3:9; Yirmiya 46:9; Yechezkel 27:10; Yechezkel 30:5; Yechezkel 38:5 (𝔊 usually Λίβυες); Breishis 10:6 (P) = Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:8 (Φουδ); + Yeshaya 66:19 (for MT פּוּל; 𝔊 Φουδ),—vid. Di Breishis 10:6 Jen^{ZA x. 325 ff.}.

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פּוּטִיאֵל

n.pr.m. Eleazar’s father-in-law Shemos 6:25, Φουτιηλ.

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פּוֹטִיפַר

n.pr.m. Joseph’s master (abbrev. from foll.);—Breishis 37:36 (E), Breishis 39:1 (R^J), Πετεφρης, etc.

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פּוֹטִי פֶ֫רַע

n.pr.m. priest of On, Joseph’s father-in-law (Egyptian Pʾ-diʾ-pʾ-Rʿ, i.e. he whom the Ra gave, v. Sethe^{De aleph prosthetico in ling. aeg. (1892), 31}; Dr in Hastings^DB);—Breishis 41:45, Breishis 41:50 (E), Breishis 46:20 (P), Πετεφρης, A Πετρεφης.

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פּוּךְ

n.[m.] antimony, stibium (NH = BH; cf. poss. Arabic فَكَّ open, separate; Syriac ܦܰܟ pulverize; but פּוּךְ perhaps foreign word);—black mineral powder, for increasing brilliance of eyes by darkening edges of lids; וַתָּשֶׂם בַּפּ׳ עֵינֶיהָ Melachim Beis 9:30, תִּקְרְעִי וגו׳ Yirmiya 4:30; (on practice in Arabic v. We^{GGN, 1893, 443}; in Egypt, Lane^{Mod. Egypt. ed. 5, i. 45f.}); fig. Yeshaya 54:11 of dark cement setting off precious stones (but We^{DLZ, Aug. 2, 1890} Che^Hpt. al. read נֹפֶךְ q.v.); אַבְנֵי פ׳ Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:2 are perhaps stones of brilliant hue of antimony.—Cf. n.pr. קֶרֶן הַפּוּךְ, and כָּחַל.

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פּוּל

n.pr.m. = תִּגְלַת פְּלֶאסֶר (q.v.) (Assyrian Pulu; Babylonian name of TP, Schr^{SBAk 1887, 592; KB ii, 287, cf. 277} Tiele^{Gesch. 266f.}; cf. (through Pers. trad., EMey^{Entstehung, 30}) Πῶρος, Canon of Ptol. KAT^{2, 490}); Melachim Beis 15:19^(×2); Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:26, Φουα[λ].—Yeshaya 66:19, v. פוט.

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פּוּן

vb. (?); only אָפוּנָה Tehillim 88:16; read prob. אֶפּוֹגָה, v. פוג, אָפוּגָה.

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פּוּעָה

n.pr.f. a midwife Shemos 1:15, Φουα.

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פּוּץ

vb. be dispersed, scattered (NH = BH; perhaps akin to Arabic فَضَّ break asunder, scatter);—

Impf. 3 mpl. יָפוּצוּ Tehillim 68:2, יָפֻצוּ Yechezkel 46:18 +; 3 fpl. וַתְּפוּצֶינָה Yechezkel 34:5 +, וּתְפוּצֶינָה Zecharia 13:7, etc.; Imv. mpl. פֻּצוּ Shmuel Alef 14:34; Pt. pass. pl. sf. פּוּצַי Tzefania 3:10 (v. infr.);—be dispersed, disperse, בָּעָם Shmuel Alef 14:34; be scattered, of enemies Shmuel Alef 11:11; Bamidbar 10:35 Tehillim 68:2; of Isr. (among nations) under fig. of flock Yechezkel 34:5^(×2); Zecharia 13:7; בַּת־פּוּצַי Tzefania 3:10 is prob. crpt., and v Tzefania 3:9, Tzefania 3:10 gloss v. Schwally^{ZAW x (1890), 203} Now Da; of besieging army Shmuel Beis 20:22 (מֵעַל הָעִיר); people from (מִן) possessions Yechezkel 46:18; men (from Babel) Breishis 11:4 (עַל loc.).

Pf. 3 fs. נָפ֫וֹצָה Yirmiya 10:21, 3 pl. נָ֫פֹצוּ Breishis 10:18 +, 2 mpl. נְפֹצֹתֶם Yechezkel 11:17 +, etc.; Pt. f. נָפ֫וֹצֶת Shmuel Beis 18:8 Qr (> Kt נפצות) cf. Dr al.; pl. נְפֹצִים Melachim Alef 22:17, נְפוֹצִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:16;—

be scattered, of army Melachim Beis 25:5 (מֵעַל pers.) = Yirmiya 52:8, Melachim Alef 22:17 (אֶל loc.) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:16 (עַל), cf. Yirmiya 40:15 (abs.); of dispersed Isr. c. ב loc. Yechezkel 11:17; Yechezkel 20:34, Yechezkel 20:41; Yechezkel 28:25, as flock Yirmiya 10:21; Yechezkel 34:6 (עַל loc.), v Yechezkel 34:12 (שָׁם); Egyptians Yechezkel 29:13 (שָׁמָּה); of battle scattered over country by defeat Shmuel Beis 18:8.

be spread abroad, of peoples Breishis 10:18.

Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְהֵפִיץ Devarim 4:27 +, 1 s. consec. וַהֲפִיצוֹתִי Yechezkel 22:15, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָפִיץ Iyov 37:11, וַיָּ֫פֶץ Breishis 11:8 +, etc.; Imv. ms. הָפֵץ Iyov 40:11; Inf. cstr. לְהָפִיץ Yechezkel 20:23, etc.;—

trans. scatter:

c. acc. pers. Breishis 11:8, Breishis 11:9 (עַל loc.), Yeshaya 41:16; Chavakuk 3:14; c. ב Breishis 49:7; Isr. among (ב) nations Devarim 4:27; Devarim 28:64; Yirmiya 9:15; Yechezkel 11:16; Yechezkel 12:15; Yechezkel 20:23; Yechezkel 22:15; Yechezkel 36:19; Nechemia 1:8; c. שׁם(ה) Devarim 30:3; Yirmiya 30:11; c. אֶל loc. Yechezkel 34:21; abs. Yirmiya 13:24; Yirmiya 18:17, under fig. of flock Yirmiya 23:1, Yirmiya 23:2; Gr reads אֲפִיצֵם also Devarim 32:26 (v. [פאה]); Egyptians (c. ב) Yechezkel 29:12; Yechezkel 30:23, Yechezkel 30:26; inhab. of earth Yeshaya 24:1.

c. acc. rei, arrows (fig. for lightnings) Shmuel Beis 22:15 = Tehillim 18:15, Tehillim 144:6; cloud Iyov 37:11; הָפֵץ עַבְרוֹת אַפֶּ֑ךָ Iyov 40:11 (i.e. lightnings?); seed Yeshaya 28:25.

וֶהֱפִיצֻהוּ Iyov 18:11 and drive him (si vera l., vid. conj. in Bu).

intrans., scatter, c. ב loc. Shemos 5:12, c. מֵעַל pers. Shmuel Alef 13:8; of wind Iyov 38:24 (עַל loc.).

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פּוּץ²

vb. flow, overflow (Arabic فَاضَ flow, cf. Ba^{ES 69});—

Impf. 3 mpl. יָפוּצוּ Mishlei 5:16 of springs, fig. for sources of pleasure; 3 fpl. תְּפוּצֶנָה עָרַי מִטּוֹב Zecharia 1:17 my cities shall overflow with good.

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פּוּר

n.m. lot (NH = BH; perhaps Assyrian loan-word from puru, buru, stone Jen^{ZA x. 339 f.} and in Wild ^{Est p. 173 f.});—expl. by הַגּוֹרָל Esther 3:7; Esther 9:24; שֵׁם הַפּוּר v Esther 9:26 explains name of feast פּוּרִים v Esther 9:26; יְמֵי הַפֻּרִים days of Purim v Esther 9:28, Esther 9:31; אִגֶּרֶת הַפּ׳ v Esther 9:29, דִּבְרֵי הַפּ׳ v Esther 9:32.—Vid. on Purim especially Now^{Arch. ii. 194 ff.} and reff.

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פור

(√ foll.; poss. foam, cf. Arabic ((فور), فَارَ), boil, ferment; Syriac ܦܘܪ, Ethpe., of anger).

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פּוּרָה

n.f. wine-press;—פ׳ דָּרַכְתִּי Yeshaya 63:3 (v. דָּרַךְ 3); disting. from יֶקֶב, and perhaps part of it, Chaggai 2:16 (reading מִפּ׳, so Sm Now; usually measure of juice from one filling of the פ׳, v. Ke).

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פור²

v. II. פרר.

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פּוֹרָתָא

n.pr.m. son of Haman Esther 9:8, Φαραδαθα, Βαρδαθα.

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פַּז

v. I. פזז.

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פָּזַז

vb.

be refined (?) (dub. √);—Pt. זָהָב מוּפָ֑ז Melachim Alef 10:18 refined gold (si vera l.; 𝔊 δόκιμος, ‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:17 טָהוֹר).

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פַּז²

n.m. ^{Tehillim 19:11} refined, pure gold (Talm. פִּיזָּא; 𝔗 פִּיזּוּזָא);—עֲטֶרֶת פָּ֑ז Tehillim 21:4; in compar. of value or beauty: Eicha 4:2, אַדְנֵי־פ׳ Shir HaShirim 5:15; ‖ (or +) זהב Iyov 28:17 (כְּלִי־פ׳), Tehillim 19:11 (+ רָ֑ב); Tehillim 119:127; ‖ כֶּתֶם Yeshaya 13:12, cf. כֶּתֶם פ׳ Shir HaShirim 5:11; + חָרוּץ Mishlei 8:19.

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פָּזַז²

vb. be supple, agile (Talm. (rare) פְּזִיזָא hasty; Arabic فَزَّ be frightened, excited; Syriac (Lexx.) ܦܰܙ leap, ܦܰܙܻܝܙܳܐ agile, etc.);—

Impf. 3 mpl. וַיָּפֹ֫זּוּ Breishis 49:27, of arms.

shew agility, leap (in dance), Pt. מְפַזֵּז וּמְכַרְכֵּר Shmuel Beis 6:16.

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פָּזַר

vb. scatter (usually regarded as secondary form of בזר q.v.; NH id. Pi. (opp. כנם = כנשׁ), Niph.; Arabic فَزَرَ rend, slit, also separate, disperse);—

Pt. pass. f. שֶׂה פְזוּרָה Yirmiya 50:17 a scattered sheep is Israel (i.e. driven off, isolated).

Pf. 3 pl. נִפְזְרוּ Tehillim 141:7 our bones are scattered לְפִי שְׁאוֹל.

Pf. 3 ms. פִּזַּר Tehillim 53:6; Tehillim 112:9, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְפַזֵּר Tehillim 147:16; 2 fs. וַתְּפַזְּרִי Yirmiya 3:13; Pt. מְפַזֵּר Mishlei 11:24;—scatter Tehillim 89:11; Tehillim 53:6; Tehillim 147:16 (all subj. י׳), Yoel 4:2; obj. דְּרָכַיִךְ Yirmiya 3:13, of Isr. running hither and thither to strange gods; abs. of spending money Tehillim 112:9 (alms), Mishlei 11:24.

Pt. מְפֻוָּר Esther 3:8 scattered, of Isr.

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פַּח

v. פחח.

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פָּחַד

vb. dread, be in dread, in awe (NH Hithp. (rare), Ben Sira 41:12 Imv. פחד על fear for; 𝔗 פַּחְדָּא n.);—

Pf. 3 ms. פָּחַד Tehillim 119:161, וּפ׳ consec. Yeshaya 19:16; Yeshaya 60:5; 1 s. פָּחַדְתִּי Iyov 3:25, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְחָ֑ד Yeshaya 19:17; 2 ms. תִּפְחָ֑ד Devarim 28:67 +, etc.;—

be in dread, abs. Devarim 28:66; Yeshaya 12:2; Yeshaya 33:14; Yeshaya 44:8, Yeshaya 44:11 Tehillim 78:53; Mishlei 3:24; לֹא פ׳ Yirmiya 36:24 sign of callousness; c. acc. cogn. פַּחַד Devarim 28:67; Iyov 3:25 Tehillim 14:5 = Tehillim 53:6; c. מִן pers. Yeshaya 19:17 Iyov 23:15 Tehillim 27:1 (‖ יָרֵא), cf. Tehillim 119:161, and (c. מִפְּנֵי) Yeshaya 19:16; c. עַל rei Yirmiya 33:9 (+ רָֽגְזוּ); c. אֶל, pregn., turn in dread to each other Yirmiya 36:16, submitting to י׳ Hoshea 3:5 Micha 7:17 (‖ יָרֵא).

be in awe (at י׳’s favour), abs., Yeshaya 60:5.

be in great dread, Impf. 2 ms. וַתְּפַחֵד Yeshaya 51:13, c. מִפְּנֵי rei; Pt. abs. מְפַחֵד Mishlei 28:14 deeply dreading (sc. sin).

Pf. 3 ms. הִפְחִיד Iyov 4:14 filled my bones with dread.

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פַּ֫חַד

n.m. Shmuel Alef 11:7 dread;—פ׳ abs. Breishis 31:42 +, cstr. Shmuel Alef 11:7 +, sf. פַּחְדְּךָ Devarim 2:25 Tehillim 119:120, פַּחְדּוֹ Iyov 13:11 Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:17, etc.; pl. פְּחָדִים Iyov 15:21:—

dread, פ׳ י׳, i.e. before י׳, often (not always) terrifying, unfitting for action, †Yeshaya 2:10, Yeshaya 2:19, Yeshaya 2:21; Shmuel Alef 11:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 14:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 17:10, so פ׳ אֱלֹהִים †Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:29, c. sf. Iyov 13:11 Tehillim 119:120 trembleth for dread of thee; c. genit. obj. Isr., †Devarim 2:25 (‖ יִרְאָה), Devarim 11:25 (‖ מוֹרָא), Tehillim 105:38 Esther 8:17; Esther 9:2, פ׳ אוֹיֵב †Tehillim 64:2, of individual †Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:17; Esther 9:3; c. genit. obj. rei Mishlei 1:33; abs., in gen., Shemos 15:16 (song; ‖ אֵימָ֫תָה), Iyov 4:14 (‖ רְעָדָה), Yirmiya 30:5 (‖ קוֹל חֲרָדָה) +; as acc. cogn. c. פָּחַד Tehillim 14:5 + (v. פָּחַד); c. genit. subj. †Mishlei 1:26, Mishlei 1:27 (both ‖ אֵיד) Devarim 28:67.

= object of dread †Tehillim 31:12; Tehillim 36:2, פ׳ אֵלַי Iyov 31:23; פַּחַד פָּחַדְתִּי †Iyov 3:25; מִקּוֹל הַפַּחַד †Yeshaya 24:18 sound of the disaster, for מִפְּנֵי הַפּ׳ of orig. Yirmiya 48:44, but קוֹל פְּחָדִים †Iyov 15:21 = a sound of terrors; פ׳ פִּתְאֹם Iyov 22:10; Mishlei 3:25.

as design. dei †פ׳ יִצְחָק Breishis 31:42 (‖ אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם), so v Breishis 31:53 (‖ id.; both E).

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פַּ֫חַד²

n.[m.] thigh (prob. loan-word (through Aramaic, otherwise ذ = ז) from Arabic فَخِذٌ thigh and (cf. We^{GGN, 1893, 479}) sub-tribe, Palm. פחד tribe);—גִּידֵי פַחְדּוֹ Iyov 40:17 Kt the sinews of his thigh (Qr du. פַחֲדָיו), of hippopotamus.

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פֶּחָה

n.m. Melachim Beis 18:24 governor (loan-word from Assyrian paḫâti [abbrev. from bêl paḫâti], lord of a district; cf. perhaps Old Aramaic פחי governor);—abs. הַפּ׳ Nechemia 5:14, cstr. פַּחַ֫ת Chaggai 1:1 +, פַּחַת־ Chaggai 2:21; sf. פֶּחָתֶ֑ךָ Malachi 1:8, פֶּחֶם Nechemia 5:14 (but read prob. פֶּחָה); pl. abs. פַּחוֹת Melachim Alef 20:24 +; cstr. פַּחוֹת Melachim Alef 10:15 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:14, פַּחֲווֹת Ezra 8:36 +; sf. פַּחוֹתֶיהָ Yirmiya 51:28, Yirmiya 51:57;—as Assyrian captains Melachim Beis 18:24 = Yeshaya 36:9 (< del. פ׳, cf. Sta^{ZAW vi (1886), 182} al.), cf. Yechezkel 23:6, Yechezkel 23:12; of Babylon Yirmiya 51:23, Yirmiya 51:57, and Bab. allies Yechezkel 23:23; of Media Yirmiya 51:28; Pers. governor of עֵבֶר הַנָּהָר, i.e. in Pal., Chaggai 1:1, Chaggai 1:14; Chaggai 2:2, Chaggai 2:21; Nechemia 2:7, Nechemia 2:9 + 8 times; Pers. satraps in gen. Esther 3:12; Esther 8:9; Esther 9:3; applied (by late writer) to Sol.’s governors Melachim Alef 10:15 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:14; Benhadad’s captains Melachim Alef 20:24 (del. v., Sta al.).—cf. Biblical Aramaic

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פַּ֫חַז

n.[m.] wantonness, recklessness, unbridled license;—Breishis 49:4, abstr. for concr. (+ כַּמַּיִםִ like [boiling, or overflowing] water).

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פַּח²

n.m. ^{Tehillim 124:7} bird-trap (cf. Wilkinson ^{Egyptians (1878) ii, 103, 109 f.} Dr Amos 3:5 Hoffm^{ZAW iii (1883), 101});* cf. also Baldensperger^{PEF 1905, 38} (paḥ used now פ׳ abs. Hoshea 5:1 +, פָּ֑ח Yirmiya 48:44 +; cstr. פַּח Hoshea 9:8 +; pl. פַּחִים Yirmiya 18:22 +;—

lit. יַעֲלֶה פ׳ Amos 3:5 b (as metaph.; v a del. פ׳); Mishlei 7:23; Koheles 9:12 (c. אָחוּז; both in sim.).

usually fig. (sometimes ‖ מוֹקֵשׁ, רֶשֶׁת, צַמִּים):

of calamities and plots, פ׳ יָקוֹשׁ Hoshea 9:8, cf. Tehillim 91:3; Tehillim 124:7; פ׳ alone Yirmiya 48:43 = Yeshaya 24:17; Iyov 22:10 Tehillim 124:7; Mishlei 22:5; טָמַן פ׳ לְ Yirmiya 18:22 Tehillim 140:6; Tehillim 142:4; נָתַן פ׳ לְ Tehillim 119:110, יָקַשׁ פ׳ לְ Tehillim 141:9; יֹאחֵז בְּעָקֵב פ׳ Iyov 18:9; יִלָּכֵד בַּפּ׳ Yirmiya 48:44 = Yeshaya 24:18.

= source or agent of calamity Hoshea 5:1; Yehoshua 23:13 (D), Yeshaya 8:14 Tehillim 69:23.—Tehillim 11:6 v. פֶּחָם.

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פַּח³

plate of metal; pl. רִקֻּעֵי פַחִים Bamidbar 17:3; cstr. וַיְרַקְּעוּ אֶת־פַּחֵי הַזָּהָב Shemos 39:3.

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פֶּחָם

n.[m.] coal (coll.); abs. פ׳, as inflammable, פ׳ לְגֶחָלִים Mishlei 26:21 (charcoal for embers, Toy); of glowing coal Yeshaya 44:12, אֵשׁ פ׳ Yeshaya 54:16; Tehillim 11:6 for MT פַּחִ֑ים אֵשׁ read פַּחַם אֵשׁ (or פַּחֲמֵי) coals of fire (‖ גָּפְרִית), so Ew al.

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פַּ֫חַת

n.m. ^{Shmuel Beis 18:17} (in Shmuel Beis 17:9 read בְּאַחַד) pit;—פ׳ abs. Yirmiya 48:13 +, פָּ֑חַת v Yirmiya 48:28; pl. פְּחָתִים Shmuel Beis 17:9;—pit, Shmuel Beis 17:9; Shmuel Beis 18:17; Yirmiya 48:28 (Gie qu. text); fig. of calamity פַּחַד וָפ׳ וָפָ֑ח Yirmiya 48:43 cf. v Yirmiya 48:44^(×2) = Yeshaya 24:17 cf. v Yeshaya 24:18^(×2) and Eicha 3:47.

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פְּחֶ֫תֶת

n.f. a boring or eating out;—Vayikra 13:55, of leprous decay in garment.

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פַּ֫חַת מוֹאָב

n.pr.m. post-exile name;—בֶּן־פ׳ מ׳ Nechemia 3:11 (Φααβ[θ]μωαβ, 𝔊L Ερωμαθ), בְּנֵי־פ׳ מ׳ Ezra 2:6 = Nechemia 7:11; Ezra 8:4 (all Φααθμωαβ, etc.), Ezra 10:30; פ׳ מ׳ Nechemia 10:15 (both Φααδ[θ]μωαβ, etc.).

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פִּטְדָה

n.f. (m. according to Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 108}) topaz or chrysolite (according to 𝔊 τοπάζιον, 𝔙 topazius, etc.; prob. foreign word, cf. Skr. pîta (prob. yellow));—named with other precious stones Yechezkel 28:13; Shemos 28:17 = Shemos 39:10; cstr. פִּטְדַת־כּוּשׁ Iyov 28:19.—Vid. Plin^{NH xxxvii. 8 (32)}, Houghton in Sm^{DB, Topaz} Ri^{HWB, Edelstein}.

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פַּטִּישׁ

n.m. ^{Yirmiya 50:23} forge-hammer;—(NH = BH; Aramaic loan-word according to Frä ⁸⁵, and so Arabic فِطِّيسٌ (cf. Arabic trad. in Lane), v. 𝔗 פַּטִּישָׁא; but Lag^{BN 103} cp. فِطِّيسَةٌ swine’s snout, Syriac ܦܛܰܫ flat-nosed);—פ׳ abs. Yeshaya 41:7 Yirmiya 23:29; cstr. Yirmiya 50:23 fig. of Bab. as destroyer.

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פָּטַר

vb. separate, remove, set free (NH depart, set free, Niph. also die; Ph. פטר CIS ^{102a, 2} depart (die?); Assyrian Paṭâru, split, break through, ipṭiru, ransom, TelAm. escape, set free (perhaps Canaanit.); Arabic فَطَرَ cleave, split, also create; Ethiopic ፈጠረ create, fabricate; Aramaic פְּטַר, ܦܛܰܪ withdraw, depart);—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:8; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּפְטַר Shmuel Alef 19:10; Pt. act. פּוֹטֵר Mishlei 17:14; pass. פְּטוּרִים Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:33 Qr (Kt פטירים); cstr. פְּטוּרֵי Melachim Alef 6:18, Melachim Alef 6:29, Melachim Alef 6:32, פְּטֻרֵי v Melachim Alef 6:35;—

intrans. remove oneself, specif. escape Shmuel Alef 19:10 (מִפְּנֵי, cf. Dr).

trans. set free from duty Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:8 (acc. pers.), so pass. Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:33 Qr (Kt פטירים adj. or Aramaic pt., same meaning); פ׳ מַיִם Mishlei 17:14 set free, let out; pass. פְּטוּרֵי צִצִּים term. techn. of ornament in temple, dub., usually out-spread (garlands) of flowers Melachim Alef 6:18, Melachim Alef 6:29, Melachim Alef 6:32, Melachim Alef 6:35.

Impf. 3 ms. יַפְטִירוּ בְשָׂפָה Tehillim 22:8 they separate with the lip, i.e. open mouth wide (insultingly).*

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פֶּ֫טֶר

n.[m.] that which separates, first opens;—cstr., פּ׳ רֶחֶם i.e. firstborn, of man and beast, Yechezkel 20:26; Shemos 13:12, Shemos 13:15; Shemos 34:19; Bamidbar 18:15; appos. בְּכוֹר Shemos 13:2 Bamidbar 3:12; רֶחֶם om. Shemos 13:12, Shemos 13:13; Shemos 34:19, Shemos 34:20.

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פִּטְרָה

n.f. id., פִּטְרַת כָּל־רֶהֶם Bamidbar 8:16.

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פִּי הַחִירֹת

n.pr.loc. on E. border of Egypt, Shemos 14:2, Shemos 14:9 (𝔊 ἡ ἔπαυλις), Bamidbar 33:7 (Ε(π)ιρωθ) + v Bamidbar 33:8 (read מִפִּי ה׳ Sam. 𝔖 𝔙 𝔗, or מִפְּנֵי פִי ה׳, for MT מִפְּנֵי ה׳, cf. Di). Site unknown.

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פִּיחַ²

v. פוח.

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פִּימָה

n.f. superabundance (of fat);—פ׳ Iyov 15:27 (‖ חֶלְבּוֹ).

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פִּינְחָס

n.pr.m. (Egyptian Pe-nehasi, the negro, according to Lauth ^{Moses (1868), 71, ZMG xxv (1871), 139 f.} cf. Nes^{Eg 112, AJSL xiii (1897) 174} Baen Shemos 6:25, yet v. Di);—

grandson of Aaron, Φ(ε)ινεες, Shemos 6:25; Bamidbar 25:7 + 16 times

son of Eli Shmuel Alef 1:3 (†פִּנְחָם), Shmuel Alef 2:34; Shmuel Alef 4:4, Shmuel Alef 4:11, Shmuel Alef 4:17, Shmuel Alef 4:19; Shmuel Alef 14:3.

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פִּינֹן

n.pr.m. Edomite Breishis 36:41; Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:52, Φινες, Φινων, Φινα;—cf. פּוּנֹן.

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פִּיפִיּוֹת

v. פֶּה.

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פִּישׁוֹן

n.pr.fl. (Thes sub פושׁ, cf. especially Nes^{Marg. 5}, but dub.);—one of the rivers of Eden Breishis 2:11, Φ(ε)ισων, (on theories of identif. v. Comm., also reff. sub גִּיחוֹן).

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פִּיתוֹן

n.pr.m. descendant of Saul Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:35 = פִּיתֹן Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:41, Φιθων, Φαιθων, 𝔊L Φιθωθ.

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פַּךְ

n.m. ^{Melachim Beis 9:1} phial, flask;—cstr. פ׳ הַשֶּׁמֶן, for anointing, Shmuel Alef 10:1; Melachim Beis 9:1, Melachim Beis 9:3.

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פֶּלֶא

n.m. wonder (NH id.; as unusual, extraordinary);—פ׳ Shemos 15:11 + 6 times; sf. פִּלְאֲךָ Tehillim 89:6; פִּלְאֶ֑ךָ Tehillim 77:12; Tehillim 88:13; pl. פְּלָאִים Eicha 1:9; fpl. פְּלָאוֹת Tehillim 119:129 Daniel 12:6;—

wonder: extraordinary, hard to be understood, God’s dealings with His people Yeshaya 29:14; the testimonies of the Law Tehillim 119:129; פֶּלֶא יוֹעֵץ Yeshaya 9:5 marvel of a counsellor (Baer פֵּלֶא), wonderful counsellor (of Mess. king); pl. as adv. acc. וַתֵּרֶד פ׳ Eicha 1:9 she (Jerus.) hath come down marvellously.

wonder: of God’s acts of judgment and redemption Tehillim 77:12; Tehillim 88:13; Tehillim 89:6; עשׂה פ׳ Shemos 15:11; Yeshaya 25:1 Tehillim 77:15; Tehillim 78:12; Tehillim 88:11; of extraord. trials קֵץ הפ׳ Daniel 12:6.

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פַּלּוּא

n.pr.m. (DHM^{Epigr. Denkm. 9, 1} cp. Liḥy. n.pr. פלה);—son of Reuben Breishis 46:9; Shemos 6:14 Bamidbar 26:5, Bamidbar 26:8; Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:3, Φαλλου(ς), etc.; v. also פֶּלֶת.

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פִּלְאִי

adj. wonderful, incomprehensible;—m. פלאי (i.e. פִּלְאִי Kt, Shoftim 13:18 (name of מַלְאַךְ י׳; > Qr (א)פֶּ֫לִי); f. פלאיה דַעַת מִמֶּנִּי (i.e. פִּלְאִיָה) Tehillim 139:6 God’s knowledge; > Qr פְּלִיאָה.

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פְּלָאיָה

n.pr.m. Nechemia 8:7; Nechemia 10:11, 𝔊L Φαλαιας.

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פְּלָיָה

n.pr.m. (late Assyrian Pi-lîâma Hilpr^{Univ. Pa. Exp. ix. 68});—Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:24, Φαρα, Φαλαια, Φαδια.

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פָּלַג

vb. split, divide (NH chiefly in secondary meanings and deriv.; Arabic فَلَجَ divide, split; Aramaic פְּלֵיג, ܦܠܰܓ divide; Ethiopic ፈለግ ravine, stream; Assyrian palgu, canal);—

Pf. 3 fs. נִפְלְגָה Breishis 10:25; Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:19 was divided (earth).

Pf. 3 ms. פִּלַּג Iyov 38:25 cleave a channel for rain.

Imv. ms. פַּלַּג (Ges^{§ 52 n}) Tehillim 55:10 divide their speech (their counsels).

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פֶּ֫לֶג

n.pr.m. son of Eber, Φαλεκ, 𝔊L Φαλεγ: Breishis 10:25; Breishis 11:17, Breishis 11:18, Breishis 11:19; Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:19, Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:25, פָּ֑לֶג Breishis 11:16.

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פִּלֶ֫גֶשׁ

n.f. concubine (NH id.; 𝔗^Jer פִּילַּקְתָּא (פַּלְקְתָא), perhaps influenced by Gk. παλλακή, παλλακίς (proposes young girl), Lat. pellex; orig. Gk. word according to Sta^{G. i.380}, cf. also Lewy^{Fremdw. 66 f.}; on poss. Hittite origin v. Jen^{ZMG xlviii (1894), 468 ff.});—פִּ׳ abs. Shmuel Beis 3:7, cstr. Shmuel Beis 21:11, פִּי׳ abs. Breishis 36:12; Shoftim 19:1, cstr. Breishis 35:22 + 4 times; sf. פִּילַנְשׁוֹ Breishis 22:24 +, שֵׁהוּ- Shoftim 19:24; שִׁי- Shoftim 20:4 + 2 times; pl. פִּלַגְשִׁים Shmuel Beis 5:13 + 2 times, פִּי׳ Breishis 25:6 + 5 times; cstr. פִּלַגְשֵׁי Shmuel Beis 16:21, Shmuel Beis 16:22; sf. פִּילַגְשָׁיו Divrei HaYamim Beis 11:21, פִּלַגְשֶׁיךָ Shmuel Beis 19:6, פִּלַגְשֵׁיהֶם Yechezkel 23:20;—

concubine Breishis 22:24; Breishis 25:6; Breishis 35:22; Breishis 36:12; Shoftim 8:31; Shoftim 19:1 + 10 times Shoftim 19, Shoftim 20, Shmuel Beis 3:7^(×2) + 7 times 2 S, Melachim Alef 11:13; Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:32 + 6 times Ch, Esther 2:14 Shir HaShirim 6:8, Shir HaShirim 6:9.

either = paramour (perhaps contempt.; ὁ πάλλαξ = youth), or < concubinage Yechezkel 23:20 (fig. of Jerusalem doting on Babylon).

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פִּלְדָּשׁ

n.pr.m. Nahorite Breishis 22:22, Φαλδας.

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פְּלֹנִי

pron. a certain one; Gk. ὁ, ἡ δεῖνα (according to Thes from above √, through an unused noun פָּלֹן, proposes one defined, a particular one: NH id.; Aramaic ܦܠܳܢ, f. ܦܠܳܢܻܝܬܳܐ; Arabic فُلَانُ W^{AG i. § 353 R. c}, voc. فُلُ Siegf^{ZWTh xxvii. 355}; Assyrian pulpul Hpt^{BAS i. 114}), always joined with אַלְמֹנִי (proposes one not mentioned) in the sense of ‘ein gewisser verschwiegener’ (Ew^{§ 106 c, 2} Sta^{§ 150 b}), ‘a certain unnamed one,’ i.e. such a one; Rus 4:1 שְׁבָה־פֹּה פְּלֹנִי אַלְמֹנִי sit down here, such a one (Gk. ὦ οὗτος; Arabic يَا فُلُ); in the phr. מְקוֹם פ׳ א׳ the place of such a one = such and such a place, Shmuel Alef 21:3 Melachim Beis 6:8. From פ׳ א׳ arose by contraction (or conflation, Perles^{Anal. 82}) פַּלְמֹנִי †Daniel 8:13 ויאמר … לַפּ׳ הַמְדַבֵּר to that certain one who spake.—ii. פְּלֹנִי v. p. 813.

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פָּלַח

vb. cleave (Arabic فَلَحَ cleave; Aramaic פְּלַח (usually), ܦܠܰܚ, are till, work, serve [= עָבַד]);—

Pt. פֹּלֵהַ Tehillim 141:7 of cleaving, ploughing, בָּאָרֶץ (‖בקע).

Impf.

cleave open, through, 3 ms. יְפַלַּח of piercing kidneys Iyov 16:13, liver Mishlei 7:23 (both fig.); וַיְּפַלַּח אֶל Melachim Beis 4:39 of cutting up (fruit) into pot.

cause to cleave open, 3 fpl. יַלְדֵיהֶן תְּפַלַּחְנָה Iyov 39:3 of animals bringing forth young, read perhaps תְּפַלַּטְנָה (Iyov 21:10).

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פֶּ֫לַח

n.f. Iyov 41:16 cleavage, mill-stone (mill cleft betw. the stones? cf. GFM^Ju; 𝔗 פִּלְחָא);—פ׳ abs. Iyov 41:16, elsewhere cstr.;—

mill-stone, פ׳ רֶכֶב mill-stone of riding, i.e. upper stone, wh. is turned (cf. רֶכֶב), Shoftim 9:53; Shmuel Beis 11:21; פ׳ תַּחְתִּית Iyov 41:16 lower mill-stone (sim. of hardness).

cleavage, split hence slice פֶּלַח הָרִמּוֹן Shir HaShirim 4:3 = Shir HaShirim 6:7 sim. of human temple (from colour; cf. Wetzstein in Del^{Comm. Excurs. A}); also פֶּלַח דְּבֵלָה slice of fig-cake Shmuel Alef 30:12.

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פִּלְחָא

(Baer פִּלְחָה) n.pr.m. post-exilic name Nechemia 10:25; Φαδαεις, 𝔊L Φαλλαει.

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פַּלְטִי

adj.gent. v. בֵּית פָּ֑לֶט.

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פָּלִיט

n.m. ^{Amos 9:1} escaped one, fugitive;—פ׳ abs. Melachim Beis 9:15 +; pl. cstr. פְּלִיטֵי Shoftim 12:4 +; sf. פְּלְיטָיו Ovadia 1:14, etc.;—Amos 9:1; Melachim Beis 9:15; Breishis 14:13; Yechezkel 24:26, Yechezkel 24:27; Yechezkel 33:21 (+ מִן loc.), v Yechezkel 33:22; שָׂרִיד וּפ׳ Yehoshua 8:22; Yirmiya 42:17; פ׳ וְשָׂרִיד Yirmiya 44:14 Eicha 2:22; c. genit. subj. Shoftim 12:5 fugitives of Ephr. (del. in v Shoftim 12:4, see GFM), so c. sf. Yechezkel 6:9; Yechezkel 7:16 Ovadia 1:14; c. genit. obj., escaped of, i.e. from Yeshaya 45:20, so פְּלִיטֵי חֶרֶב Yirmiya 44:28; Yechezkel 6:8.

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פָּלֵיט

n.m. id.;—pl. פְּלֵיטִם Bamidbar 21:29 (as appos., or adj.), ים—ִ Yeshaya 66:19; פְּלֵטִים Yirmiya 44:14, + מִן from Yirmiya 50:28; Yirmiya 51:50.

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פְּלֵיטָה

n.f. escape (on form cf.> Ba^{NB 144, 166});—abs. פ׳ Breishis 32:9 +, פְּלֵטָה Shemos 10:5 +; cstr. פְּלֵיטַת Melachim Beis 19:30 +;—

escape, deliverance Breishis 45:7 (E) Yirmiya 25:35.

elsewhere prob. always escaped remnant:

of green things (from locusts) Shemos 10:5 (J) Yoel 2:3.

of pers. Breishis 32:9 (J) Shoftim 21:17 Yeshaya 15:9 Yirmiya 50:29 Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:43 Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:24; Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:6 Ezra 9:8; Daniel 11:42; + מִפְּנֵי Shmuel Beis 15:14.

specif. of those of Judah escaped from Assyrian Melachim Beis 19:30, Melachim Beis 19:31 (+ מִן) = Yeshaya 37:31, Yeshaya 37:32, cf. Yeshaya 10:20; from Bab. Nechemia 1:2 Ezra 9:13, Ezra 9:14, Ezra 9:15, cf. Yechezkel 14:22; after י׳’s future judgment Yeshaya 4:2; Ovadia 1:17; Yoel 3:5.

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פַּלְטִי²

n.pr.m. Φαλτει (perhaps abbrev. from פַּלְטִיאֵל);—

Benjamite Bamidbar 13:9.

second husband of Michal Shmuel Alef 25:44 (= פַּלְטִיאֵל Shmuel Beis 3:15).

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פִּלְטָ֑י

n.pr.m. priest Nechemia 12:17, Φελητει, etc.

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פַּלְטִיאֵל

n.pr.m. Φαλτ(ε)ιηλ:

Bamidbar 34:26.

Shmuel Beis 3:15 (= פַּלְטִי Shmuel Alef 25:44), 𝔊L Φαλτιου.

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פְּלַטְיָ֫הוּ

n.pr.m. Φαλτιας, Φαλεττι(α), etc.:—

-יָהוּ, a prince of people Yechezkel 11:1, Yechezkel 11:13.

-יָה, grandson of Zerub. Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:21, perhaps = Nechemia 10:23.

-יָה, Simeonite Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:42.

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פְּלִי

v. פלא.

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פֶּ֫לֶךְ

n.[m.] 1. whirl of spindle. 2. district (proposes circle, circuit);—abs. פ׳ Shmuel Beis 3:29, פָּ֑לֶךְ Mishlei 31:19; cstr. פֶּלֶךְ Nechemia 3:9 +; sf. פִּלְכּוֹ v Nechemia 3:17;—

whirl of spindle, Shmuel Beis 3:29 (prob., v. Dr), Mishlei 31:19 (‖ כִּישׁוֹר).

district, Nechemia 3:9, Nechemia 3:12, Nechemia 3:14, Nechemia 3:15, Nechemia 3:16, Nechemia 3:17^(×2), Nechemia 3:18.

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פָּלָל

n.pr.m. a wall-builder Nechemia 3:25, Φαλαλ, א Φαλακ, A Φαλαξ, 𝔊L Φαλλη.

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פְּלִילָה

n.f. office of judge or umpire;—עשׂי פ׳ (Qr עֲשׂוּ) Yeshaya 16:3 do an umpire’s office.

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פְּלִילִי

adj. for a judge, calling for judgment;—עָוֹן פ׳ Iyov 31:28 (on v Iyov 31:11 see פָּלִיל; Kue ^{Ond. (2) 161} reads עֲוֹן פְּלִילִים in both v Iyov 31:11 and v Iyov 31:28).

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פְּלִילִיָּה

n.f. the giving a decision;—פ׳ Yeshaya 28:7 (of priests).

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פְּלַלְיָה

n.pr.m. (י׳ hath interposed);—priest Nechemia 11:12, Φαλ(λ)αλια(ς).

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פְּלֹנִי²

adj.gent. erron.: c. art. הַפְּלוֹנִי Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:27; Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:10 read הַפַּלְטִי as Shmuel Beis 23:26 (v. בֵּית פָּ֑לֶט); הַפְּלֹנִי Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:36 read הַגִּלֹנִי, as Shmuel Beis 23:34.—i. פְּלֹנִי v. פלה.

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פֶּ֫לֶס

n.[m.] balance, scale;—lit. Mishlei 16:11, fig. Yeshaya 40:12 (in both ‖ מֹאזְנַיִם).

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פָּלַס

vb.Pi.denom. weigh, make level (Ph. פלס Pi. make level(?) in n.pr.);—Impf. 3 ms. יְפַלֵּס Tehillim 78:50; 2 mpl. תְּפַלֵּס֑וּן Tehillim 58:3 (v. infr.), etc.; Imv. ms. פַּלֵּס Mishlei 4:26; Pt. מְפַלֵּס Mishlei 5:21;—

weigh out חֲמַס יְדֵיכֶם תּפ׳ Tehillim 58:3 (fig.; but read perhaps חָמָס יְדֵיכֶם תְּפַלֵּסְנָה violence do your hands weigh out, so 𝔊 𝔖 𝔗 Bae Kau We).

make level, smooth (cf. Gerber ³²). c. acc. of path (fig.), מַעְגָּל Mishlei 4:26; Mishlei 5:21; Yeshaya 26:7, נָתִיב Tehillim 78:50, אֹרַח Mishlei 5:6.

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פַּלָּצוּת

n.f. shuddering;—פ׳ abs. Iyov 21:6; Yeshaya 21:4; Yechezkel 7:18 Tehillim 55:6.

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פְּלֶ֫שֶׁת

n.pr.terr. Philistia, poet. and late;—פְּלָ֑שֶׁת (ישְׁבֵי) Shemos 15:14 (Φυλιστιειμ; elsewhere (οἱ) ἀλλόφυλοι), Yoel 4:4, elsewhere פְּלֶשֶׁת Yeshaya 14:29, Yeshaya 14:31 Tehillim 60:10 = Tehillim 108:10; Tehillim 83:8; Tehillim 87:4; Assyrian Palastu, Pilistu, COT Breishis 10:14 Dl^{Pa 288 f.} Gk. Παλαιστίνη Herod. ^{ii. 104, 106, vii. 89} Jos^{Ant. i, 6, 2} (also Φυλιστίνου); v. Rel^{Pal. 73 f.}

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פֶּ֫לֶת

n.pr.m.

Reubenite Bamidbar 16:1, Φαλεθ[κ]; read prob. פַּלּוּא (q.v.) so Gf Dr al.

Judahite Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:33, Θαλεθ, Φαλεθ[ατ].

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פָּנָה

vb. turn (NH id.; Syriac ܦܢܳܐ, 𝔗 פְּנָא; Ethiopic ፈነወ: Arabic فَنِى pass away, banish; cf.Sab. פנה (variously) e.g. CIS ^{iv. Nos. 1, 37, 40}; Assyrian pânu, face, Ph. פנם, MI 13, 18 לפני, sf. מפני l ¹⁹);—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Yirmiya 6:4 +, 2 ms. פָּנִיתָ Shmuel Beis 9:8, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְנֶה Shmuel Alef 13:17 +, וַיִּ֫פֶן Shemos 2:12 +, 3 fs. וַתֵּ֫פֶן Melachim Alef 10:13, 1 s. וָאֵ֫פֶן Devarim 9:15; Devarim 10:5, 1 pl. וַנֵּ֫פֶן Devarim 2:1 +, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּנֵה Tehillim 25:16 +, etc.; Inf. abs. פָּנֹה Chaggai 1:9; cstr. לִפְנוֹת Breishis 24:63 +, etc.; Pt. פֹּנֶה Devarim 29:17 +, etc.;—

turn toward, אֶל pers., lit., Shoftim 6:14; Yeshaya 13:14 = Yirmiya 50:16; Iyov 21:5 (i.e. attentively); cf. of branches Yechezkel 17:6 (in allegory); c. עַל of direction Breishis 24:49; fig. c.> אֶל־י׳ (in worship), Yeshaya 45:22, other gods Hoshea 3:1; Devarim 31:18, Devarim 31:20; Vayikra 19:4; for help Vayikra 19:31; Vayikra 20:6; Iyov 5:1; אֶל־אָוֶן Iyov 36:21; c. acc. הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יִפְנֶה Yechezkel 10:11; c. ה loc. Melachim Alef 17:3; Devarim 2:3 (+ לָכֶם dat. eth.), Shir HaShirim 6:1; c. דֶּרֶךְ Shmuel Alef 13:18;^(×2) Iyov 24:18, אֶל־ד׳ Shoftim 20:42; Shmuel Alef 13:17; fig. לְדֶרֶךְ Yeshaya 53:6; Yeshaya 56:11; c. acc. כֹּל אֲשֶׁר־יִפְנֶה Shmuel Alef 14:47, so, + שָׁם, fig. Melachim Alef 2:3, i.e. whatever thou undertakest, אֶל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר יִפְנֶה Mishlei 17:8.

turn from, מִן loc. Breishis 18:22, fig., of heart, c.מֵעִם י׳ Devarim 29:17, abs. = turn away Devarim 30:17; in phr. פ׳ עֹרֶף turn (with the back (cf. ראה עֹרֶף Yirmiya 18:17), + לִפְנֵי, Yehoshua 7:12 (of flight), fig., + אֶל־י׳, Yirmiya 2:27; Yirmiya 32:33.

turn and do a thing, Shemos 7:23; Shemos 32:15; Bamidbar 14:25 (E) Bamidbar 21:33 (JE) Devarim 1:7, Devarim 1:24; Shoftim 18:21;s Melachim Alef 10:13 + 17 times; to do a thing (inf.) †Koheles 2:12.

turn, decline, of day Yirmiya 6:4, days of life Tehillim 90:9.

turn toward, approach, of evening, לִפְנוֹת עָ֑רֶב Breishis 24:63; Devarim 23:12; of morning, לִפ׳ (הַ)בֹּקֶר Shemos 14:27; Shoftim 19:26 Tehillim 46:6 (fig.).

turn and look, look, lit., אֶל pers. Bamidbar 12:10; Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:24; Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:20, וַיִּפֶן כֹּה וָכֹה Shemos 2:12; c. לְמָ֑עְלָה Yeshaya 8:21; abs. look (back) Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:14; c. אַחֲרֵי look behind one (and see, or say), Yehoshua 8:20; Shoftim 20:40; Shmuel Beis 1:7; Shmuel Beis 2:20; Melachim Beis 2:24, look after another Yechezkel 29:16 (fig. for seek alliance with); c. אֶל of direction Shemos 16:10; Bamidbar 17:7.

of inanimate things, face, c. אֶל loc. Yehoshua 15:7, usually of facing points of compass, c. ה loc. Melachim Alef 7:25^(×4) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:4;^(×4), Yehoshua 15:2; Yechezkel 8:3; Yechezkel 46:19, but also c. קָדִים Yechezkel 43:17; Yechezkel 44:1; Yechezkel 46:1, Yechezkel 46:2; Yechezkel 47:8, cf. Yechezkel 43:1.

especially fig. look at, אֶל־ pers., regard, (1) graciously Shmuel Beis 9:8; of י׳ Yechezkel 36:9; Vayikra 26:9; Melachim Beis 13:23 Tehillim 40:5, + חָנַן Tehillim 25:16; Tehillim 69:17; Tehillim 86:16; Tehillim 119:132; c. אֶל־תְּפִלָּה Melachim Alef 8:28 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:19, Tehillim 102:18, אֶל־מִנְחָה Bamidbar 16:15; Malachi 2:13; (2) sternly, אֶל־קְשִׁי הָעָם Devarim 9:27.

look for (אֶל rei) = except Chaggai 1:9.

fig. look at, consider (+ ב) Iyov 6:28; Koheles 2:11.—Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:23 v. פִּנָּה.

Pf. 3 ms. פִּנָּה Tzefania 3:15, etc.; Imv. mpl. פַּנּוּ Yeshaya 40:3 + 2 times;—turn away, put out of the way, c. acc. pers. Tzefania 3:15 (‖ הֵסִיר); hence make clear, c. acc. הַבַּיִת, i.e. clear away things scattered about, make orderly, Germ. ‘aufräumen,’ Breishis 24:31; empty it Vayikra 14:36; fig., c. acc. דֶּרֶךְ make clear, free from obstacles, Yeshaya 40:3; Yeshaya 57:14; Yeshaya 62:10 Malachi 3:1; acc. om. clear away (ground) before it, i.e. to plant it Tehillim 80:10 (fig.).

(especially Je) Pf. 3 ms. הִפְנָה Yirmiya 48:39, 3 fs. הִפְנְתָה Yirmiya 49:24, etc.; Impf. וַיֶּ֫פֶן Shoftim 15:4; Inf. cstr. sf. הַפְנֹתוֹ Shmuel Alef 10:9; Pt. מַפְנֶה Nachum 2:9;—

turn, c. acc. וַיֶּפֶן זָנָב אֶל־זָנָב Shoftim 15:4, עֹרֶף Yirmiya 48:39 (cf.> הפך Yehoshua 7:8), שִׁכְמוֹ לָלֶכֶת Shmuel Alef 10:9.

make a turn, shew (signs of) turning, + נָסוּ Yirmiya 46:21, לָנוּס Yirmiya 49:24; opp. נָסוּ Yirmiya 46:5, cf. Nachum 2:9; + אֶל pers. Yirmiya 47:3.

Imv. mpl. הָפְנוּ Yirmiya 49:8 (Ges^{§ 46 a, N.}) be ye turned back! (in flight, + נֻסוּ); Pt. מָפְנֶה צָפ֫וֹנָה Yechezkel 9:2 the gate … which is faced northward (cf. Qal 2 b).

↗ expanded

פָּנֶה

pl. פָּנִים ₂₁₂₃ n.m. Mishlei 25:23 and (Yechezkel 21:21 = edge; on Shmuel Beis 10:9 v. infr.) f. face, also faces (as turned toward one);—pl. abs. פָּנִים Breishis 32:31 +; cstr. פְּנֵי Shmuel Beis 14:32 +; sf. 1 s. פָּנַי Breishis 43:3 +; 3 ms. פָּנָיו Breishis 4:5 +, פָּנֵ֑ימוֹ Tehillim 11:7 (Kö^{ii. 1, 446}); 2 mpl. פְּנֵיכֶם Breishis 40:7 +, etc.;—usually c. vb. pl., Breishis 4:5, Breishis 4:6; Shemos 33:14 +; c. vb. sg. Eicha 4:16 (through influence of intervening י׳, Ges^{§ 146 a}), Mishlei 15:14 (but read פִּי, as Qr, v. פֶּה);—

face, faces (Yirmiya 30:6; Yechezkel 27:35 +, cf. Yechezkel 1:6; Yechezkel 10:14, Yechezkel 10:21 etc.):

lit., of man Breishis 43:31; Shmuel Beis 19:5; Melachim Alef 19:13; Vayikra 13:41; Daniel 8:18; Daniel 10:9, Daniel 10:15 +; עוֹר פ׳ Shemos 34:29, Shemos 34:30, Shemos 34:35; pale (from alarm) Yeshaya 29:22; Yirmiya 30:6, flushed Yeshaya 13:8;Yechezkel 21:3, cf. Nachum 2:11; Yoel 2:6; tearful Yeshaya 25:8; Iyov 16:16; sad, פ׳ רעים Breishis 40:7, cf.Nechemia 2:2, Nechemia 2:3, also רֹעַ פ׳ Koheles 7:3 i.e. sadness; יֵיטִב פ׳ Mishlei 15:13 maketh glad the face; נָֽפְלוּ פָנֶיךָ Breishis 4:5, Breishis 4:6 why is thy face fallen (in displeasure), cf. Shmuel Alef 1:18 (reading נָֽפְלָה, נָֽפְלוּ, or הִפִּילָה); covered with shame Yechezkel 7:18; whence fig. of confusion, discomfiture Yirmiya 51:51 Tehillim 69:8; Tehillim 83:17, etc.

of י׳ Shemos 33:20, cf. v Shemos 33:23.

פָּנִים אֶל־פָּנִים face to face, of seeing (God) Breishis 32:31, cf. Shoftim 6:22, knowing Devarim 34:10, judging Yechezkel 20:35, speaking Shemos 33:11, and so פ׳ בְּפ׳ Devarim 5:4; נִתְרָאֶה פָּנִים Melachim Beis 14:8 see each other (in the) face = meet each other in battle, cf. v Melachim Beis 14:11 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:17, Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:21.

of relations with י׳: הֵרִים פ׳ Ezra 9:6, in worship (v. also נשׂא); in spiritual sense Yirmiya 2:27; Yirmiya 32:33 (פָּנָה אֵלַי עֹרֶף וְלֹא פָנִים); נָתַן פ׳ לִדְרוֹשׁ י׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:3; נָתַן אֶת־פ׳ אֶל־אֲדֹנָי Daniel 9:3; הַבָּנִים קְשֵׁי פָנִים Yechezkel 2:4.

of י׳ himself, לֹא יָסִיר פָּנִים מִכֶּם Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:9; פְּנֵי י׳ בְּעֹשֵׂי רָ֑ע Tehillim 34:17; גַּעֲרַת פָּנֶיךָ Tehillim 80:17.—Vid. further sub 7.

= presence, person, of י׳ Shemos 33:14, Shemos 33:15, בְּפָנָיו Devarim 4:37, מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו Yeshaya 63:9; לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים, v. לֶחֶם; of י׳ in anger Eicha 4:16 Tehillim 21:10; Tehillim 139:7; of Absalom; Shmuel Beis 17:11; in weakened sense, nearly = sf. (cf. נפשׁ 4 a), Tehillim 42:12; Tehillim 43:5 Mishlei 7:15.

c. ראה technically, see one’s face, i.e. appear before one, in one’s presence: before a man Breishis 32:21 (+ 3 other uses of פ׳), (God, c. יראה pointed as Niph., v. II 2); especially as privilege, = have access to, man of rank Breishis 43:3, Breishis 43:5; Breishis 44:23, Breishis 44:26, king Shemos 10:28^(×2) cf. v Shemos 10:29 (all J), Shmuel Beis 14:24^(×2), Shmuel Beis 14:28, Shmuel Beis 14:32 cf. Shmuel Beis 3:13^(×2); רֹאֵי פְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ Melachim Beis 25:19 = Yirmiya 52:25;Esther 1:14; implying favour of person seen, man Breishis 33:10 (J), God v Breishis 33:10, cf. Iyov 33:26 (Hiph.), and, c. חזה, Tehillim 11:7; Tehillim 17:15.

face of seraphim Yeshaya 6:2, cherubim Shemos 25:20^(×2) = Shemos 37:9^(×2), Yechezkel 1:8, Yechezkel 1:11; Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:13 +.

face of animals, פְּנֵי הַצֹּאן Breishis 30:40; פ׳ אַרְיֵה וּפ׳ שׁוֹר ופ׳ נֶשֶׁר Yechezkel 1:10 (in descr. of cherubim), cf. Yechezkel 10:14; פ׳ אַרְיֵה also Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:8 (fig.), פ׳־כְפִיר Yechezkel 41:19; פִּתְחֵי פ׳ Iyov 41:6 of crocodile.

face (= surface) of ground (הָאֲדָמָה) Breishis 2:6; Breishis 4:14; Breishis 7:4 Tehillim 104:30 +, so פ׳ הָאָרֶץ Breishis 1:29; Breishis 7:3; Breishis 8:9; Breishis 11:4, Breishis 11:8, Breishis 11:9; Breishis 19:28; Yeshaya 24:1, פ׳ תֵבֵל Yeshaya 14:21; Yeshaya 27:6; of a field; Mishlei 24:31; פ׳ תְהוֹם Breishis 1:2^(×2) Iyov 38:30, פ׳ הַמַּיִם Breishis 7:18; פ׳ רְקִיעַ הַשָּׁמַיִם Breishis 1:20; פ׳־כִסֵּה Iyov 26:9 i.e. of God’s throne (but Bu reads כֶּסֶה fullmoon); פ׳ הַלּוֹט Yeshaya 25:7 v. [לוּט]; פ׳ לְבוּשׁוֹ Iyov 41:5 the expanse of his [the crocodile’s] coat; front (especially Ezek.), of house Yechezkel 41:14; Yechezkel 47:1, פ׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ Yechezkel 41:21; of gate Yechezkel 40:6, Yechezkel 40:20, Yechezkel 40:22; Yechezkel 42:15; Yechezkel 43:4; of chamber Yechezkel 40:44^(×2), Yechezkel 40:45, Yechezkel 40:46; of pot (סִיר) Yirmiya 1:13; פ׳ הַמִּלְחָמָה Shmuel Beis 10:9 battle-front = Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:10 (vb. agrees with הַמּ׳ in gender, Ges^{§ 146 a}); = van of locust-army Yoel 2:20 (opp. סֹפוֹ); front, i.e. edge, of sword Yechezkel 21:21, of axe Koheles 10:10; = condition, state of a thing, as denoted by its appearance; of flock Mishlei 27:23; פ׳ הַדָּבָר Shmuel Beis 14:20 the appearance (situation, attitude) of the affair.

as adv.loc. מִפָּנִים וּמֵאָחוֹר Shmuel Beis 10:9 before and behind = פ׳ וְא׳ Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:10, also Yechezkel 2:10; Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:14; פְּנֵי toward Shir HaShirim 7:5, also in front (to the East?) of Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:16 (v. לִפְנֵי d infr.); לְפָנִים forward Yirmiya 7:24 (opp. לְאָחוֹר); מִלִּפְנִים Melachim Alef 6:29 v. פְּנִימָה; adv.temp. לְפָנִים formerly Devarim 2:12, Devarim 2:20; Yehoshua 11:10; Shoftim 1:10, Shoftim 1:11, Shoftim 1:23 + 12 times; מִלְּפָנִים Yeshaya 41:26 from beforetime (‖ מֵרֹאשׁ).

for other phrases see: אוֹר vb. Hiph. 5; אוֹר n. 10; בּוֹשׁ Hiph.; בקשׁ Pi. 3; בּשֶׁת 1, p. 102; [הַכָּרָה], p. 648; הָדַר 2; וָעַם Niph.; וָעַף 1; חָבַשׁ 1 a; I. חָדָה; I. חָוַר; חָזַק Pi. 5; II. חלה; IV. חמר; חָפָה; טָחַן; יָעַד Hoph.; יְשׁוּעָה 3, p. 447; כּוּן Hiph. 3; כִּפֶּר 1, p. 497; כָּסָה Pi. 1, 2; מָאוֹר, p. 22; מְגַמָּה p. 169; I. מוּל; מַשּׂא, p. 673; [נָבַט] Hiph. 3; נֶגֶד 1, 2 c; נֹכַח; נָכַר Hiph.; נָפַל 3 b, and Hiph. 5; נָשָׂא 1 b (3); נָתַן 2 b; סָבַב Hiph. 1 a; סָתַר Hiph. 2; סֵתֶר 2 a; עַז, עָזַז Hiph.; עָמַד Hiph. 6 a; ii. עֻמָּה; [צָרַב]; [קָדַם] Pi.; שִׂים; שׁוּב Hiph.; שִׁית; II. שָׁנָה Pi.; תֹּפֶת I. עֵבֶר 2.

פְּנֵי, with prepositions:—

אֶל־פְּנֵי:

to the presence of, Shemos 23:17 pregn. יֵרָאֶה … אֶל־פְּנֵי הָאָדוֹן shall appear (coming) to the presence of (= before) י׳ (‖ Shemos 34:23 אֶת־פְּנֵי הָא׳); c. יָצָא = to confront Divrei HaYamim Beis 19:2.

to the front of, after a vb. of motion, Vayikra 6:7 הַקְרֵב אֹתָהּ … אֶל־פְּנֵי הַמִּזְבֵּחַ, Vayikra 9:5; Vayikra 16:2 Bamidbar 17:8; Bamidbar 20:10.

towards or on the front of (אֶל = עַל: see p. 41), Yechezkel 41:4, Yechezkel 41:12, Yechezkel 41:15, Yechezkel 41:25; Yechezkel 42:2, Yechezkel 42:3, Yechezkel 42:7, Yechezkel 42:10, Yechezkel 42:13; Yechezkel 45:7; Yechezkel 48:21.

on to the surface of, Vayikra 14:53 וְשִׁלַּח … אֶל־פְּנֵי הַשָּׂדֶה, Yechezkel 16:5.

אֶת־פְּנֵי close by (II. אֵת) the face or front of: hence

in the presence of, Shmuel Alef 2:11 אֶת־פ׳ עֵלִי Melachim Alef 12:6 who stood אֶת־פ׳ שְׁלֹמֹה (cf. לִפְנֵי Melachim Alef 10:8), Esther 1:10; Mishlei 17:24; pregn. (nisi וַיַּנִּחֵם leg., 𝔖 𝔗 We Dr al.) Shmuel Alef 22:4. Spec. אֶת־פְּנֵי י׳ Breishis 19:13 (Shmuel Alef 2:17), v Shmuel Alef 2:27 Shmuel Alef 2:18; and with נִרְאָה of the appearance of all males at the three annual חַגִּים, Shemos 34:23 יֵרָאֶה כָּל־זְכוּרְךָ אֶת־פ׳ הָאָדֹן, v Shemos 34:24 Devarim 16:16 (cf. Dr), Devarim 31:11; Shmuel Alef 1:22 (‖אל־פ׳ י׳ Shemos 23:17); so פָּנַי alone Shemos 23:15 = Shemos 34:20 (לֹא יֵרָאוּ פָנַי רֵיקָם), Yeshaya 1:12, פָנֶיךָ Tehillim 42:3 (according to many, as Ges^Thes Di Shemos 23:15 Che Yeshaya 1:12, crit. n., the vb. in all these passages was originally Qal, afterwards pointed as Niph. to avoid the expression see the face of י׳); אֶת־פָּנֶיךָ in thy presence Tehillim 16:11; Tehillim 21:7; Tehillim 140:14.

in front of, Breishis 33:18 וַיִּחַן אֶת־פ׳ הָעִיר, Vayikra 4:6 לִפְנֵי י׳ אֶת־פ׳ פָרֹכֶת הַקֹּדֶשׁ, v Vayikra 4:17.—מֵאֵת פְּנֵי from before, v. II. אֵת 4 a.

בִּפְנֵי: †(a) in the face of, mostly in partic. phrases, with hostile import: thus, with יָרַק to spit Bamidbar 12:14; Devarim 25:9; התיצב to make a stand Devarim 7:24; Devarim 11:25, and עמד Yehoshua 10:8, לֹא יַעֲמֹד אִישׁ בְּפָנֶיךָ Yehoshua 21:42; Yehoshua 23:9; עָנָה to answer (give evidence) against, Hoshea 5:5 וענה גאון ישׂראל בפניו, Hoshea 7:10; Iyov 16:8; וְנָקֹטּוּ בִּפְנֵיהֶם = feel loathing against their own selves, Yechezkel 6:9, so Yechezkel 20:43; Yechezkel 36:31. †(b) in front of, Yechezkel 42:12.

לִפְנֵי, proposes at the face or front of, the most general word for in the presence of, before: as Breishis 18:22 עֹמֵד לִפְנֵי אַבְרָהָם, Shemos 4:21; Shemos 11:10; Shmuel Beis 2:14; Mishlei 17:18 + often; after a vb. of motion, Breishis 47:2 וַיַּצִּיגֵם לפני פ׳ and set them before Ph., Breishis 27:20 כִּי הִקְרָה י׳ לפני lit. made (it) to meet before me (cf. Breishis 24:12), Shemos 29:10; Mishlei 18:16 etc. In partic.,

With the implication of (a) under the eye or oversight of, Devarim 25:2; Shmuel Alef 3:1. (b) under the eye and regard of, Breishis 17:18 לוּ יִשְׁמָעֵאל יִחְיֶה לְפָנֶיךָ, Hoshea 6:2; Yeshaya 53:2 Tehillim 61:8; cf. Yirmiya 30:20; Yirmiya 31:36; Yeshaya 66:22 Tehillim 102:29: also Shmuel Alef 2:28; Shmuel Beis 19:14. (c) fig. for in (or into) the full (mental) view of, Breishis 6:13 קֵץ כָּל־בָּשָׂר בָּא לְפָנַי is come in before me, Eicha 1:22 תָּבֹא כָל־רָעָתָם לְפָנֶיךָ, Yonah 1:2 עָֽלְתָה לְפָנַי (cf. אֶל Breishis 18:21; Shemos 2:23), Yeshaya 65:6 כְּתוּבָה לְפָנָ֑י, Yirmiya 2:22 נִכְתָּם עֲוֹנֵךְ לְפָנַי (cf. נֶגְדִּי Yeshaya 47:12). (d) openly before, Shmuel Alef 12:2 הִתְהַלֵּךְ לִפְנֵי, and with collat. idea of deserving (and receiving) regard Shmuel Alef 2:35, especially לפני י׳ Breishis 17:1 al. (v. p. 236a). (e) in presence of the moon or sun, Tehillim 72:5, Tehillim 72:17, i.e. as long as they endure. (f) free before, at the disposal of, Breishis 13:9 הֲלֹא כָל־הָאָרֶץ לְפָנֶיךָ (cf. Breishis 20:15; Breishis 34:10; Breishis 47:6; Yirmiya 40:4; Divrei HaYamim Beis 14:6), Breishis 24:51; Shir HaShirim 8:12. (g) in the sight (estimation) of, Breishis 7:1 thee have I seen to be just before me, Breishis 10:9 a mighty hunter before י׳, Devarim 24:4 תּוֹעֵבָה ל׳ י׳, v Breishis 10:13 צְדָקָה ל׳ י׳, Shmuel Alef 20:1, אָרוּר ל׳ י׳ Yehoshua 6:26; Shmuel Alef 26:19, לְרָצוֹן ל׳ י׳ acceptable before י׳, Vayikra 1:3 +, Tehillim 19:15; Melachim Beis 5:1 a great man לִפְנֵי אֲדֹנָיו, Mishlei 14:12 Tehillim 143:2; וַיִּיטַב ל׳ (late syn. of earlier בְּעֵינֵי) †Nechemia 2:5, Nechemia 2:6; Esther 5:14; טוֹב ל׳ Koheles 2:26; Koheles 7:26; cf. also נָתַן לְרַחֲמִים לִפְנֵי, v. רַחֲמִים. (h) לִפְנֵי י׳, spec. of acts done with a solemn sense of י׳’s presence, often, but not always, at a sanctuary: Breishis 27:7 that I may eat and bless thee before י׳, before I die, Shemos 18:12 to eat bread before God, Devarim 1:45 ye wept before י׳, Devarim 6:25; Devarim 12:7 (to eat, so v Devarim 12:18 Devarim 14:23, Devarim 14:26; Devarim 15:20), v Devarim 15:12 (rejoice, so v Devarim 15:18 Devarim 27:7; Yeshaya 9:2), Yehoshua 18:6; Yehoshua 24:1; Shoftim 11:11; Shoftim 20:23, Shoftim 20:26; Shoftim 21:2; Shmuel Alef 7:6; Shmuel Alef 10:19; Shmuel Alef 11:15; Shmuel Alef 12:7; Shmuel Alef 15:33; Shmuel Alef 23:18; Shmuel Beis 5:3; Shmuel Beis 7:18; Shmuel Beis 21:9; and constantly in P, as Shemos 16:9, Shemos 16:33, Shemos 16:34; Vayikra 1:5, Vayikra 1:11; Vayikra 3:1, Vayikra 3:7 etc.; of residents in Jerus. Yeshaya 23:18. So in הָלַךְ ל׳ י׳ Melachim Alef 2:4 al. (v. p. 234^b c).

In other phrases:—(a) עָמַד לִפְנֵי to stand before, i.e. wait upon, be in attendance on, Devarim 1:38 al. (v. עָמַד 1 e). Simil. הָיָה לְפְנֵי Shmuel Alef 19:7 (cf. Shmuel Alef 29:8), Melachim Beis 5:2; עָבַד ל׳ Shmuel Beis 16:19. (b) הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה לִפְנֵי to bow down before Breishis 23:12; Devarim 26:10; Melachim Beis 18:22 al. (v. sub שָׁחָה; also נָפַל 3 b): so with הִתְפַּלֵּל to pray Shmuel Alef 1:12 +; cf. הלך לפני Melachim Alef 12:30; Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:30. (c) to be smitten (נִגַּף) before a foe; v. נָגַף Niph. [contrast נוּס מִפְּנֵי: infr. 6 a]. So with נָפַל Shmuel Alef 14:13; נָתַן (in helplessness or flight), especially in Dt, as Devarim 1:8, Devarim 1:21; Devarim 7:2, Devarim 7:23; Yehoshua 10:12; Yehoshua 11:6 + (Dr ^{Dt lxxxii}): cf. Shoftim 4:15; Shmuel Beis 5:20; Yeshaya 45:1; Yirmiya 1:17. (d) עָמַד לִפְנֵי to stand (make a stand) before (not quite so strong as ע׳ בִּפְנֵי, supr. 3), Shemos 9:11; Shoftim 2:14; Melachim Beis 10:4; Yirmiya 49:19 Tehillim 76:8; Tehillim 147:17; Nachum 1:6; so with הִתְיַצֵּב Devarim 9:2; Yehoshua 1:5; Iyov 41:2, קוּם Yehoshua 7:12, Yehoshua 7:13. (e) in hostile sense (rare), יָצָא לִפְנֵי go forth to face Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:8; Divrei HaYamim Beis 14:9. (f) לִפְנֵי (נָתַן) שִׂים, of food, to set or place before, Breishis 18:8; Breishis 24:33 +. (g) נָתַן לִפְנֵי to set before, i.e. propound for acceptance or choice, usually of laws (especially Dt Je), Devarim 4:8; Devarim 11:26, Devarim 11:32; Devarim 30:1, Devarim 30:15, Devarim 30:19; Melachim Alef 9:6 (D²), Yirmiya 9:12; Yirmiya 21:8; Yirmiya 26:4; Yirmiya 44:10; Daniel 9:10, cf. Yechezkel 23:24 (place at disposal of): so with שִׂים Shemos 19:7; Shemos 21:1.

With reference to position: (a) in front of, before, especially with vbs. of motion (with which נֶגֶד is hardly used), Breishis 32:21 בַּמִּנְחָה הַהֹלֶכֶת לְפָנָ֔י that goeth before me, Breishis 33:14 the cattle אֲשֶׁר לְפָנַי, Shemos 17:5; Shemos 23:20 etc.; in the description of a march or procession, Shemos 13:21, Shemos 13:22; Bamidbar 10:33; Yeshaya 52:12; Yeshaya 58:8 +; Shmuel Beis 3:31 and wail before Abner (before his bier); of flocks before a shepherd Breishis 32:18; of captives or booty driven before a conqueror Shmuel Alef 30:20 (read וַיִּנְהֲגוּ לְפָנָיו We Dr), Yeshaya 8:4; Yeshaya 40:10 = Yeshaya 62:11 וּפְעֻלָּתוֹ לְפָנָיו his recompence (i.e. his newly-recovered people, regarded as his prize of war) before him, Amos 9:4; Eicha 1:5, Eicha 1:6. (b) of a leader, etc. = at the head of, Devarim 10:11; Shoftim 9:39; Shmuel Alef 8:20; Micha 1:13 al.; cf. בא ויצא לפני (העם) Bamidbar 27:17; Shmuel Alef 18:13, Shmuel Alef 18:16; Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:10; Koheles 4:16 before whom (at whose head) he was. (c) denoting superiority, before, above, Breishis 48:20 וַיָּשֶׂם את־אפרים לפני מנשׁה, Iyov 34:19.

Of places (not very common): Shemos 14:2 before Pi-haḥiroth …, before Baal-ẓephon, Bamidbar 33:7; Breishis 23:17 אשׁר ל׳ מַמְרֵא (usually על פני מ׳: v. 7 a d), Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:7; Nechemia 8:1, Nechemia 8:3; before the temple, veil, altar, etc., Shemos 16:34 + ל׳ הָעֵדֻת, Shemos 30:6 + ל׳ הַפָּרֹכֶת, Shemos 40:5, Shemos 40:6; Bamidbar 3:38; Bamidbar 7:10 al. (all P), Melachim Alef 6:20(?), Melachim Alef 6:21; Melachim Alef 7:49 +.

Of time, before: Amos 1:1 לפני הָרָֽעַשׁ׃ before the earthquake, Breishis 29:26; Breishis 30:30 לְפָנַי before me (i.e. before I came to thee), Shemos 10:14 לפניו לא היה כן before it there was not the like, Bamidbar 13:22; Melachim Alef 16:25, Melachim Alef 16:30 מִכֹּל אֲשֶׁר לְפָנָיו, Yeshaya 43:10; Yeshaya 48:7; Mishlei 8:25; Iyov 15:7 etc. Sq. inf., Breishis 13:10 לִפְנֵי שַׁחֵת י׳ before י׳’s destroying, etc., Breishis 27:7 לִפְנֵי מוֹתִי, Breishis 36:31; Shmuel Alef 9:15 +. Once, in late Heb., לִפְנֵי מִזֶּה before this Nechemia 13:4.

In the manner of, like (rare and dub.), Shmuel Alef 1:16 אַל־תִּתֵּן אֶת־אֲמָֽתְךָ לִפְנֵי בַת־בִּלִיַּעַל like a worthless woman, Iyov 3:24 like my food, Iyov 4:19 they are crushed like the moth (cf. Lat. pro).

מִלִּפְנֵי₇₃ from before:—

from the presence of (properly, from a position before a person or object: to be distinguished from מִפְּנֵי; v. 6): (a) Breishis 41:46 ויצא יוסף מִלִּפְנֵי פ׳ from before Ph. Breishis 47:10; Melachim Beis 5:27; Melachim Beis 6:32 +; מל׳ י׳ Breishis 4:6 Cain went forth from before י׳, Yonah 1:3, Yonah 1:10; spec. of the sanctuary, Vayikra 9:24 ותצא אשׁ מלפני י׳ (so Vayikra 10:2), קֶצֶף Bamidbar 17:11 (cf. Divrei HaYamim Beis 19:2), with לָקַח etc. Vayikra 16:12; Bamidbar 17:24; Bamidbar 20:9; Shmuel Alef 21:7 the shew-bread that was removed from before י׳; from before a place Melachim Alef 8:54; Ezra 10:6 Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:13. (b) of taking, etc., from before a person, Breishis 23:4 to bury my dead from before me, v Breishis 23:8 Shemos 36:3; Devarim 17:18 וכתב לו מִשְׁנֵה התורה הזאת מל׳ הכהנים from (the copy) before the priests, Devarim 28:31 גָּזוּל מלפניך. (c) with בקשׁ Esther 4:8 [cf. מִן קֳדָם Daniel 2:18]; and to express the idea of proceeding from a person, Esther 1:19 [cf. Daniel 2:15], Koheles 10:5; Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:12 הָעשֶׁר והכבוד מלפניך (cf. Acts 3:19); Tehillim 17:2 מלפניך יֵצֵא משׁפטי. (d) of cutting off, etc., from before י׳ (cf. לִפְנֵי a b, c), Vayikra 22:3; Melachim Alef 8:25 לֹא־יִכָּרֵת לְךָ אִישׁ מִלְּפָנַי, Yirmiya 31:36; Yirmiya 33:18; Yeshaya 48:19: Tehillim 51:13 אַל־תַּשְׁלִיכֵנִי מִלְּפָנֶיךָ (cf. 8 a); Yirmiya 16:17 לֹא נִסְתְּרוּ מִלְּפָנַי, Yirmiya 18:23; Nechemia 3:37. (e) of expelling from before an invader, Shemos 23:28; Devarim 9:4; Devarim 11:23; Devarim 31:3 + (but much less common than מִפְּנֵי).

(Chiefly late) to express the source or cause, with the force of the לְ weakened, in cases where the earlier language would have used מִפְּנֵי: with vbs. of fearing, Shmuel Alef 18:12; Koheles 3:14; Koheles 8:12, Koheles 8:13; Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:30 חִילוּ מִלְּפָנָיו [‖ Tehillim 96:9 מפניו], Tehillim 114:7^(×2); Esther 7:6; Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:7 (+ מפני); failing, etc., Yeshaya 57:16 Tehillim 97:5; being humbled, Melachim Alef 21:29 (+ מפני), Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:12, Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:23; Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:27 [‖ Melachim Beis 22:19 מפני], Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:12; crying for help Shmuel Alef 8:18 [cf. מפני Shemos 3:7], singing Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:33 [‖ Tehillim 96:13 לפני], fleeing Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:18 [‖ Shmuel Beis 10:18 מִפְּנֵי].

of time, once, = לִפְנֵי Koheles 1:10. With later usages of מל׳, cf. מִן קֳדָם in Biblical Aramaic and 𝔗 (Dr^{Sm lxx–lxxi, lxxiii}); v. also Kö^{ii. 320}. Cp. מִלְּפָנִים Yeshaya 41:26 (‖מֵרֹאשׁ).

מִפְּנֵי from the face or presence of, from before, Shemos 14:19 וַיִּסַּע עמוד הענן מִפְּנֵיהֶם removed from before them, Yeshaya 30:11; Hoshea 11:2; so

(often with suggestion of causation (v. מִן 2 d, e, f), because of, for fear of [so AV RV Shoftim 9:21; Shmuel Alef 21:11; Shmuel Alef 23:26; Yirmiya 35:11^(×2); Yirmiya 37:11; Yirmiya 41:9; Yirmiya 50:16]) after vbs. of hiding Breishis 3:8; Breishis 4:14; Yeshaya 2:10 (cf. v Yeshaya 2:19, Yeshaya 2:21); and especially of escaping, Shoftim 9:21 (Thes ‘bene 𝔙 ob metum A.’), Shmuel Alef 18:11; Shmuel Alef 19:10; Shmuel Alef 23:26, or fleeing, Shemos 4:3; Shemos 14:25; Shmuel Alef 17:24 + often (v. בָּרַח and נוּס), and expelling, destroying, etc. Shemos 23:30 אֲגָֽרְשֶׁנּוּ מִפָּנֶיךָ I will expel them from before thee, Shemos 34:11, Shemos 34:24 אוֹרִישׁ גּוֹיִם מִפָּנֶיךָ (v. הוֹרִישׁ), Vayikra 18:24; Devarim 8:20; Amos 2:9 Tehillim 89:24 + often (as though clearing the way for Israel, for Israel’s sake: cf. Yeshaya 63:12 בּוֹקֵעַ מַיִם מִפְּנֵיהֶם, Yehoshua 2:10; Yehoshua 4:23). Pregn. Yeshaya 17:9 כַּעֲזוּבַת … אשׁר עזבו מפני בני ישׂר׳ which they forsook (fleeing) from before, etc.

implying causation more distinctly, Tehillim 9:4 יאבדו מפניך perish from before thee or at thy presence, Devarim 7:20: very often with vbs. of fearing, as נור, יגר, חיל, ירא, ערץ, פחד, קוץ Shemos 9:30; Bamidbar 22:3^(×2); Devarim 1:17; Yirmiya 5:22 etc. (mostly when the object inspiring fear is a person: when it is a thing, מִן alone is preferred; but see Devarim 5:5; Devarim 9:19); of being alarmed or dismayed Breishis 45:3; Yehoshua 2:9; Yirmiya 1:17; Iyov 23:15, etc.; of humbling oneself Shemos 10:3; Shoftim 11:33 +; with other words, to indicate the external ground of an action or effect, as הַס מִפָּנָיו be silent at (i.e. because of) his presence Tzefania 1:7; Chavakuk 2:20; Shoftim 5:5 the mts. flowed מפני י׳ at the presence of י׳, Yeshaya 63:19; Yirmiya 4:26; Nachum 1:5, Tehillim 68:3 as wax melteth מפני אשׁ; Devarim 20:19; Yeshaya 19:1; Yeshaya 26:17 כן היינו מפניך so were we through thy presence (more than לפניך,—implying that their state was due to י׳); קום מפני to rise up at the presence of Breishis 31:35; Vayikra 19:32. (N.B. In a, b, freq. rendered before in AV RV, and so confused with לפני; but the מִן retains always its full force in the Heb.)

of the cause, whether nearer or more remote: (a) Breishis 6:13 מָֽלְאָה הָאָרֶץ חָמָס מִפְּנֵיהֶם because of them (i.e. occasioned by them), Breishis 27:46 I loathe my life because of the daughters of Heth, Breishis 36:7 the land could not support them because of their cattle, Breishis 41:31; Breishis 47:13; Shemos 3:7 their cry by reason of their task-masters, Shemos 8:20 תִּשָּׁחֵת הָאָרֶץ מִפְּנֵי הֶעָרֹב, Shemos 9:11; Yehoshua 2:11; Yehoshua 23:3; Shoftim 2:18; Shoftim 6:6; Melachim Alef 5:17; Melachim Alef 8:11; + often; Yeshaya 10:27 (RVm), Yirmiya 15:17 Tehillim 38:4, Tehillim 38:6, etc.; Yirmiya 4:4 + מִפְּנֵי רֹעַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶם by reason of the evil of your doings, Yirmiya 7:12; Yirmiya 9:6; Yirmiya 13:17; Yirmiya 14:16; Yirmiya 23:9 + often (b) stating the reason for which a thing is not done (Lat. prae), Melachim Alef 8:11 Iyov 37:19. †(c) with אֲשֶׁר as a conj., twice, because that, Shemos 19:18; Yirmiya 44:23.—Bamidbar 33:8 v. פִּי הַחִירֹת.

עַל־פְּנֵי (cf. Ph. עַל פְּנֵ, עלת פְּנֵ, Lzb³⁵²) has different meanings according to the different senses of the noun and the prep.:—

From the sense of face or front: (a) in front of (more definite and distinct than לפני): Tehillim 18:43 as dust before the wind (cf. לפני Tehillim 35:5; Tehillim 83:14 +), Breishis 32:22 the present passed on על־פניו in front of him, Shemos 33:19 אעביר כל־טוּבי על־פניך, Shmuel Beis 15:18, Shmuel Beis 15:23 (read על־פניו: v. Dr), Iyov 4:15; = in the sight of, Vayikra 10:3 ועל־פני כל העם אֶכָּבֵד, Yirmiya 6:7 עַל־פָּנַי תָּמִיד חֳלִי וּמַכָּה, Yirmiya 13:26 (cf. Nachum 3:5), Tehillim 9:20 יִשָּֽׁפְטוּ גוים על־פניך before thee: defiantly, Iyov 1:11 אם־לא על־ פניך יְרָֽרְכֶךָּ will renounce thee to thy face, Iyov 6:28 ועל־פניכם אם אֲכַזֵּב, Iyov 21:31; to die in the presence of any one (= in his lifetime) †Breishis 11:28; Bamidbar 3:4. (b) before, to the exclusion of another, i.e. in preference to, Devarim 21:16, and perhaps (Ew^{§ 217 l}) Shemos 20:3 (Devarim 5:7) לא יהיה לך אלהים אחרים על־פני (Thes al. as c). (c) in addition to, Iyov 16:14 פֶּרֶץ עַל־פְּנֵי־פֶרֵץ יִפְרְצֵנִי. (d) of localities, in front of, mostly (but not always: v. GFM Ju., p. 351) = east of, Melachim Alef 6:3 the porch in front of, etc., v Melachim Alef 6:3 Melachim Alef 7:6; Melachim Alef 8:8; Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:17; Yechezkel 42:8; Breishis 16:12 על־פני כל־אחיו ישׁכן (cf. Breishis 25:18), perhaps (Di al.) with collateral idea of defiance; עַל־פ׳ מַמְרֵא Breishis 23:19 (Breishis 50:13), Shemos 16:14; often in אשׁר על־פני … Breishis 25:9 (Breishis 49:30), מצרים v Breishis 49:18 (Yehoshua 13:3 Shmuel Alef 15:7), Bamidbar 21:11; Bamidbar 33:7, ירחו Devarim 32:49 (Devarim 34:1), Yehoshua 13:3, Yehoshua 13:25; Yehoshua 15:8 (Yehoshua 18:16), Yehoshua 17:7; Yehoshua 18:14; Yehoshua 19:11; Shoftim 16:3; Shmuel Alef 24:3 (prob.), Shmuel Alef 26:1, Shmuel Alef 26:3; Shmuel Beis 2:24; Melachim Alef 11:7 (the Mt. of Olives, E. of Jerus.; so Melachim Beis 23:13; Zecharia 14:4), Melachim Alef 17:3, Melachim Alef 17:5.—Breishis 1:20 let fowl fly על־פני רקיע השׁמים in front of the firmament of heaven, viz. as looked up to from below, i.e. between the firmament and the earth. (e) with vbs. implying direction, over towards, Breishis 18:16 וישׁקף על־פני סדם, Breishis 19:28; Bamidbar 21:20 (Bamidbar 23:28) נשׁקפה על־פני הישׁימן overlooking; to sprinkle against the front of Vayikra 16:14; in a hostile sense (rare), Nachum 2:2 עָלָה מֵפִיץ עַל־פָּנַיִךְ, Tehillim 21:13; Yechezkel 32:10.

From the sense of surface, Breishis 1:2 על־פני תהום upon the face of the deep, Shemos 16:14 על־פ׳ המדבר: often in the phrases הארץ (כל) על־פני Breishis 1:29; Breishis 7:3; Breishis 11:4, and (more freq.) על־פני האדמה on the face of the ground Breishis 6:1; Breishis 7:23 etc.; על פני השׂדה Vayikra 17:5; Bamidbar 19:16; Shmuel Alef 14:25 +; after vbs. of motion, Shmuel Alef 11:4 lest we be scattered over the face of all the earth, v Shmuel Alef 11:8, Shmuel Alef 11:9; Shemos 32:20; Vayikra 14:7 (v Vayikra 14:53 אל), Yeshaya 18:2; Yeshaya 19:8; Amos 5:8; Yechezkel 32:4; Iyov 5:10 +.

מֵעַל־פְּנֵי:

from before the face of, Breishis 23:3 Abraham rose up מֵעַל פְּנֵי מֵתוֹ from before his dead, i.e. from mourning before or beside it; †(פניו) מֵעַל פני from before my (his) face, often in K Je of the rejection of Isr. or the temple, as with שִׁלַּח Melachim Alef 9:7 (‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:20 השׁליך), Yirmiya 15:1, השׁליך Melachim Beis 13:23; Melachim Beis 24:20 (Yirmiya 52:3), Yirmiya 7:15, נטשׁ Yirmiya 23:39, הסיר Melachim Beis 17:18, Melachim Beis 17:23; Melachim Beis 23:27; Melachim Beis 24:3; Yirmiya 32:31.

from off the surface of, often in the phrase מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה, with verbs of cutting off, removing, expelling, etc., †Breishis 4:14; Breishis 6:7; Breishis 7:4; Breishis 8:8; Shemos 32:12; Devarim 6:15; Shmuel Alef 20:15; Melachim Alef 9:7; Melachim Alef 13:34; Amos 9:8; Yirmiya 28:16; Tzefania 1:2, Tzefania 1:3.

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פְּנִ֫ימָה

adv. (ה loc.) 1. towards the (in-) side. 2. within (lit. faceward, from point of view of one entering by opposite door);—of a building, usually temple:

after vb. of motion Vayikra 10:18; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:18, and (after הִגִּיד) Melachim Beis 7:11, also לִפ׳ Yechezkel 41:3; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:16.

פ׳ Melachim Alef 6:18, also לִפ׳ v Melachim Alef 6:30, so read also v Melachim Alef 6:29 (for MT מִלִּפְנִים, v. Kmp^Kau Kit Benz), Yechezkel 40:16^(×2), also Tehillim 45:14 MT, i.e. within the house, but Krochm Gr Che al. (plausibly) פְּנִינִים, q.v.; מִפּ׳ Melachim Alef 6:19, Melachim Alef 6:21 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:4.

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פְּנוּאֵל

n.pr. (face of God, cf. GFM Shoftim 8:8; late Assyrian Panîli Hilpr^{Univ. Pa. Exp. ix. 68});—Φανουηλ, but in Gn εἶδος (τοῦ) Θεοῦ:

loc. E. of Jordan, near Jabboḳ Breishis 32:32 Shoftim 8:8^(×2), Shoftim 8:9, Shoftim 8:17 Melachim Alef 12:25 = פְּנִיאֵל Breishis 32:31: site unknown; v. especially Paine^{Bib. Sac. 1878, 481 ff.}

m.

in Judah Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:4.

in Benjamin Divrei HaYamim Alef 8:25 Qr (Kt פניאל).

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פְּנוּאֵל²

v. פנה.

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פָּנִים

etc., v. פנה.

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פִּנָּה

n.f. corner;—abs. פ׳ Melachim Beis 14:13 +, cstr. פִּנַּת Yirmiya 31:40 +; sf. פִּנָּתָהּ Iyov 38:9, פִּנָּהּ Mishlei 7:8 (Ges^{§ 91 e}); pl. פִּנּוֹת abs. Tzefania 1:16 Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:15, פִּנִּים Zecharia 14:10; cstr. פִּנּוֹת Melachim Alef 7:34 +, etc.;—

corner, of square objects Melachim Alef 7:34 + v Melachim Alef 7:30 (read פִּנּוֹתָיו for פַּעֲמֹתָיו, cf. Kit), Shemos 27:2; Shemos 38:2; Yechezkel 43:20; Yechezkel 45:19; of house Iyov 1:19, roof Mishlei 7:12; Mishlei 21:9 = Mishlei 25:24; אֶבֶן לְפ׳ Yirmiya 51:26 i.e. a corner-stone; אֶבֶן פ׳ of earth Iyov 38:9; cf. (fig.) Tehillim 118:22, and (אבן om.) Yeshaya 28:16; פ׳ = street-corner Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:24.

specif. of wall of Jerus., Nechemia 3:24 (in SE.), v Nechemia 3:31, Nechemia 3:32 (NE.); שַׁעַר הַפּ׳ Melachim Beis 14:13 + ‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:23 𝔊 𝔖 𝔗 and most (for MT שׁ׳ הַפּוֹנֶה), + (v. שַׁעַר); הַפִּנּוֹת appar. with battlements Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:15; of cities in gen. הַפּ׳ הַגְּבֹהוֹת Tzefania 1:16; of the nations Tzefania 3:6.

fig. of chief, ruler as corner (support or defence), Shoftim 20:2; Shmuel Alef 14:38; Yeshaya 19:13 (read perhaps pl.); Zecharia 10:4 (+ יָתֵד q.v.).

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פְּנִינִים

n.[f.]pl. corals (? as branching, cf. Arabic فَنَنٌ branch of tree; so Mich Thes al.; > pearls Bo^{Hieroz. 601} Di Jb after Ra al.);—פ׳ fig. of value Mishlei 20:15; usu.מִפּ׳, comp. Iyov 28:18; Mishlei 3:15 (Kt מפניים), Mishlei 8:11; Mishlei 31:10 (all of value), Eicha 4:7 (of red colour); + Tehillim 45:14 (perhaps; for פְּנִימָה, q.v.).

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פְּנִנָּה

n.pr.f. (proposes sg. of foregoing?) wife of Elkanah Shmuel Alef 1:2^(×2), Shmuel Alef 1:4, Φεννανα.

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פַּס

v. פסס.

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פָּסַח

vb. pass or spring over;—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Shemos 12:27, וּפ׳ consec. v Shemos 12:23 (J); 1 s. וּפָסַחְתִּ֫י v Shemos 12:13 (P), all c. עַל, of י׳ passing over (sparing) houses of Isr.; Inf. abs. פָּסוֹחַ Yeshaya 31:5 a passing over (sc. עַל־יְרוּשָׁלַםִ).

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פֶּ֫סַח

n.m. passover (usually (Thes and most) from I. פסח, with reference to Shemos 12:13 etc.; Reuss^{Gesch. A.T. § 58} passing over into new year; Schaefer ^{Passah-Mazzoth (1900), 346} cp. Assyrian pašâḫu, soothe, placate [deity], < be sooted, Pi. trans., Jen^{ZA iv (1889), 275} Zim^{Bab. Rel. i (1896), Gloss.; ii (1899), 92}; Schwally^{Idiot. 124} from II. פסח, of sacred dance);—abs. פ׳ Shemos 12:11 +; פָּ֑סַח v Shemos 12:21 +; pl. פְּסָחִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:17 + 3 times;—

sacrifice of passover, involving communion-meal, hence a species of peace-offering (cf. i. זֶבַח II. 2), זֶבַח פ׳ הוא לי׳ Shemos 12:27 (J), cf. v Shemos 12:11 (P); זָבַח פ׳ Devarim 16:2, Devarim 16:5, Devarim 16:6; אכל הפ׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:18; the special feature lay in the application of blood to homes to consecrate them; cf. sim. Bab. rite of purification Zim ^{ib. ii. 126–7}.

the animal victim of the passover: שׁחט פ׳ Shemos 12:21 (J) Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:15; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:1, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:6, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:11; Ezra 6:20, cf. Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:17; בשׁל הפ׳ באשׁ Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:13; לפסחים Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:7, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:8, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:9. [Passover animals (cf. Br^{Hex. 206}) were צֹאן flock Shemos 12:21 (J), שֶׂה v Shemos 12:3, Shemos 12:4, Shemos 12:5, incl. כֶּבֶשׁ and עֵז v Shemos 12:5 (P); צאן ובקר Devarim 16:2; large numbers of all these (שֶׂה not used) in Josiah’s passover, according to Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:7, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:8, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:9, but evident mingling of whole burnt-offerings for the passover with special passover victim.]

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פָּסַח²

vb. limp (Thes sub I. פ׳, but dub.; Arabic فَسَخَ is dislocate; according to Gerber⁷³ II. פ׳ is denom. from פִּסֵּחַ [and this sub I. פ׳?]);—

Pt. pl. פֹּסְחִים עַל־שְׁתֵּי הַסְּעִפִּים Melachim Alef 18:21 fig. (v. [סְעִפָּה]).

Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּפֹּל וַיִּפָּסֵחַ Shmuel Beis 4:4 and he fell and was made limping (lame).

Impf. 3 mpl. וַיְפַסְּחוּ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ Melachim Alef 18:26 they went limping (along by the altar), i.e. prob. in their dance, v. Kit Pietschm^{Phön. 220} (Gr ויפסעו [= וַיִּפְשְׂעוּ] stepped).

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פָּסֵחַ

n.pr.m. (limper);—

in Judah Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:12, Βεσσηε, Φεσση, etc.

head of post-ex. family Ezra 2:49 = Nechemia 7:50, Φισον, etc., 𝔊L Φασσα.

father of wall-builder Nechemia 3:6, Φασεκ, Φεσσε.

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פִּסֵּחַ

adj. lame;—abs. פ׳ Shmuel Beis 9:13 +; pl. פִּסְחִים Shmuel Beis 5:6 +;—as attrib. Vayikra 21:18 (+ עִוֵּר); pred. Shmuel Beis 19:27, פ׳ שְׁתֵּי רַגְלָיו Shmuel Beis 9:13 lame as to both his feet; cf. also (of animal) Devarim 15:21 (+ עִוֵּר); as subst. Shmuel Beis 5:6, Shmuel Beis 5:8;^(×2) Yirmiya 31:8; Malachi 1:8, Malachi 1:13; Iyov 29:15 (all + עִוֵּר), also Yeshaya 33:23; Yeshaya 35:6; Mishlei 26:7.

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פָּסַל

vb. hew, hew into shape (NH Pi. hew off boughs; Aramaic פְּסַל, ܦܣܰܠ = BH; Nab. פסלא stone-cutter);—

Pf. 3 ms. sf. פְּסָלוֹ Chavakuk 2:18; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּפְסֹל Shemos 34:4, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּסָל־ Shemos 34:1; Devarim 10:1;—hew out stone tablets Shemos 34:1, Shemos 34:4; Devarim 10:1, Devarim 10:3; building-stones Melachim Alef 5:32; c. cogn. acc. (sf. referring to פֶּסֶל) Chavakuk 2:18.

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פֶּ֫סֶל

n.m. Chavakuk 2:18 idol, image;—abs. פ׳ Shoftim 17:3 +, פָּ֑סֶל Yeshaya 42:17; cstr. פֶּסֶל Shoftim 18:31 +; sf. פִּסְלִי Yeshaya 48:5, etc.; pl. supplied by פְּסִילִים, v. foll.;—idol, as likeness of man or animal Shemos 20:4 = Devarim 5:8; Devarim 4:16, Devarim 4:23, Devarim 4:25, also Devarim 27:15; Melachim Beis 21:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 33:7; Yeshaya 42:17; Yeshaya 44:9; Yeshaya 48:5; Nachum 1:14; Chavakuk 2:18 (of wood or stone, cf. v Chavakuk 2:19); of metal Shoftim 17:3, Shoftim 17:4 + 6 times 18 (cf. GFM), Yeshaya 40:19; Yeshaya 44:10 (c. נָסַךְ), Yirmiya 10:14; Yirmiya 51:17 (c. צוֹרֵף); of wood Yeshaya 40:20; Yeshaya 44:15, Yeshaya 44:17; Yeshaya 45:20.

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פַּס²

n.[m.] flat of hand or foot (palm, sole);—only כְּתֹנֶת פַּסִּים tunic reaching to palms and soles (v. כ׳) Breishis 37:3, Breishis 37:23, Breishis 37:32; Shmuel Beis 13:18, Shmuel Beis 13:19 (cf. Dr).

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פָּעָה

vb. groan (onomatop. according to Thes; NH Hiph. bleat, so Arabic بعى, بغى Dozy; Aramaic פְּעָא, ܦܥܳܐ bleat);—Impf. 1 s. כַּיּוֹלֵדָה אֶפְעֶה Yeshaya 42:14 (of י׳ straining himself to deliver Isr., + אֶשֹּׁם [נשׁם], אֶשְׁאַף).—[אֶפַע] Yeshaya 41:24, v. p. 67.

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פָּ֑עוּ

n.pr.loc. in Edom, פָּ֑עוּ Breishis 36:39 = פָּ֑עִי Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:50; Φογωρ, 𝔊L Ch Φαουα.

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פָּעַל

vb. do, make (poet. for עָשָׂה) (NH פּוֹעֵל workman, cf. J Aram.; Ph. פעל = BH (often); Arabic فَعَلَ id.; Old Aramaic פעל; Syriac in der. spec. and deriv.);—

Pf. 3 ms. Devarim 32:27 +, פָ֫עַל אֵל Bamidbar 23:23, 2 ms. פָּעַלְתָּ Shemos 15:17 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְעַל Iyov 22:17 +; 2 ms. תִּפְעָל־ Iyov 35:6, etc.; Inf. cstr. לְפָעֳלָם Iyov 37:12 (v. infr.); Pt. act. פֹּעֵל Tehillim 15:2 +, pl. cstr. פֹּעֲלֵי Tehillim 5:6 +, etc.;—

do:

of God, c. acc. (abstr.) Bamidbar 23:23; Devarim 32:27; Iyov 33:29, יְשׁוּעוֹת Tehillim 74:12; + ל pers. Tehillim 31:20; Tehillim 68:29; Yeshaya 26:12 Iyov 22:17; c. acc. cogn. פֹּעַלִ Tehillim 44:2 Chavakuk 1:5; acc. om. Yeshaya 43:13, cf. Yeshaya 41:4.

of men, c. acc. Tehillim 11:3 Iyov 11:8, + ל pers. (God) Iyov 7:20, + ב pers. (God) Iyov 35:6; especially of doing evil, שָׁ֑קֶר Hoshea 7:1, עָוֶל Iyov 34:32, עַוְלָה Iyov 36:23 Tehillim 58:3; Tehillim 119:3, אָוֶן Mishlei 30:20, especially פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן Hoshea 6:8; Yeshaya 31:2 Iyov 31:3; Iyov 34:8, Iyov 34:22 Tehillim 5:6 + 15 times ψ, Mishlei 10:29; Mishlei 21:15, פֹּעֲלֵי רָע Micha 2:1; rarely of doing right, c. acc. מִשְׁפָּטוֹ Tzefania 2:3, צֶדֶק Tehillim 15:2.

of clouds, c. acc. Iyov 37:12 (disregarding—֑).

make:

of God, c. acc. concr. object + ל end Mishlei 16:4, ל of 2nd obj. Tehillim 7:14; פֹּעֲלִי Iyov 36:3 my Maker.

of man, c. acc. concr. Yeshaya 44:12, Yeshaya 44:15; acc. om. Yeshaya 44:12 Tehillim 7:16.—Yeshaya 1:31 v. פֹּעַל.

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פֹּ֫עַל

n.m. Mishlei 20:11 doing, deed, work (poet. and late, nearly = מַעֲשֶׂה);—פ׳ abs. Chavakuk 1:1 Tehillim 44:2, cstr. Devarim 33:11 +; sf. פָּעֳלוֹ Devarim 32:4 +, פֹּעֲלוֹ Yeshaya 1:31 (Kö^{ii. 1, 35, 493} Ges^{§ 93 q}, v. infr.), Yirmiya 22:13; פָּעָלְכֶם Yeshaya 41:24, etc.; pl. פְּעָלִים; Shmuel Beis 23:20; Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:22;—

deed, thing done:

of God, פָּעֳלוֹ his work in providence Devarim 32:4; Yeshaya 5:12; Iyov 36:24; in deliverance Tehillim 44:2 (as acc. cogn.), Tehillim 77:13 + 5 times; in judgment Tehillim 64:10; Tehillim 95:9, as acc. cogn. Chavakuk 1:5.

of false gods Yeshaya 41:24.

of men, daily toil Iyov 24:5 Tehillim 104:23; specif. act Rus 2:12; פ׳ יָדָיו of sacrificing Devarim 33:11; pl. of achievements Shmuel Beis 23:20 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:32; action as having moral quality Iyov 34:11; Mishlei 20:11; Mishlei 24:12, Mishlei 24:29, evil implied Yirmiya 25:14; Yirmiya 50:29; Iyov 36:9 Tehillim 28:4, פ׳ כַּפָּיו Tehillim 9:17; פ׳ חָמָס Yeshaya 59:6; good action Mishlei 21:8.

work, thing made:

by hands of God Yeshaya 45:9, Yeshaya 45:11 (of men).

by man Yeshaya 1:31 (i.e. prob. his idol Ges Che^Comm. Di al.; > read בַּעֲלוֹ Lag^{Sem. 1:5} Sta^{ZAW iii (1883), 12 f.}).

wages of work Yirmiya 22:13; Iyov 7:2.

acquisition of treasures Mishlei 21:6.

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פְּעֻלְּתַי

n.pr.m. Levite Divrei HaYamim Alef 26:5, Ιαφθοσλααθι, A Φολλαθι, 𝔊L Φελλαθι.

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פַּ֫עַם

n.f. Shemos 8:28 (masc. only Shoftim 16:23 [text suspicious, v. GFM Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 76} Kö^{Synt. § 248 m}], Shmuel Beis 23:8 [< Qr fem.], Melachim Alef 7:30 [crpt., v. infr.]) beat, foot, anvil, occurrence;—abs. פ׳ Breishis 2:23 +; פָּ֑עַם Breishis 46:30 +; du. פַּעֲמַיִם Breishis 27:36 +, etc.; pl. פְּעָמִים Breishis 33:3 +; also (concr.) cstr. פַּעֲמֵי Shoftim 5:28 +; sf. פְּעָמַי Tehillim 57:7; Tehillim 119:133, etc.; פַּעֲמֹתָיו (only 1 c) Shemos 25:12 + 2 times;—

poet., hoof-beat Shoftim 5:28; late, of human footfall, footstep, fig. Tehillim 17:5 (‖ אֲשׁוּרַי), Tehillim 119:133; וְיָשֵׂם לְדֶרֶךְ פְּעָמָיו Tehillim 85:14.

foot, fig., Tehillim 57:7; Tehillim 58:11; Tehillim 74:3; Tehillim 140:5 Mishlei 29:5; lit. Yeshaya 26:6 (‖ רֶגֶל), Shir HaShirim 7:2; בְּכַף פ׳ Melachim Beis 19:24 = Yeshaya 37:25.

foot, of ark Shemos 25:12; Shemos 37:3 (P).—פַּעֲמֹתָיו Melachim Alef 7:30 read פִּנּוֹתָיו (cf. v Melachim Alef 7:34).

= anvil (struck by hammer) Yeshaya 41:7.

occurrence (orig. stroke):

הַפַּעַם now Shoftim 16:18; פ׳ אֶחָ֑ת [אַחַת] one time, once Yehoshua 6:3, Yehoshua 6:11, Yehoshua 6:14 (JE), Yehoshua 10:42 (D) + 3 times + Shmuel Beis 23:8 Qr (> Kt אחד); פַּעֲמָ֑יִם twice Breishis 41:32 + 6 times; פ׳ Nachum 1:9 second time; אַרְבַּע פ׳ Nechemia 6:4 four times; חָמֵשׁ אוֹ שֵׁשׁ פ׳ Melachim Beis 13:19, cf. פ׳ חֲמִישִׁית Nechemia 6:5; also c. שָׁלשׁ, שֶׁבַע, q.v.; עֶשֶׂר פ׳ (זֶה) Bamidbar 14:22 (JE) Nechemia 4:6; Iyov 19:3, all indef. = over and over; indef. also פַּעַם וּשְׁתָּ֑יִם Nechemia 13:20 once and [i.e. or] twice; פַּעֲמַיִם שָׁלוֹשׁ Iyov 33:29 twice (or) thrice; מֵאָה פְעָמִים Shmuel Beis 24:3 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:3, אֶלֶף פ׳ Devarim 1:11; פ׳ רַבּוֹת Tehillim 106:43 Koheles 7:22; עַד־כַּמֶּה פְעָמִים Melachim Alef 22:16 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:15.

כְּפַעַם־בְּפַעַם as time on time, i.e. as formerly, as usual, Bamidbar 24:1 (E) Shoftim 16:20; Shoftim 20:30, Shoftim 20:31; Shmuel Alef 3:10 (cf. Dr) Shmuel Alef 20:25.

הַזֹּאת (גַּם) כַּפַּעַם at this repetition (this time) also Shemos 8:28; Shemos 9:14 (J) + 3 times; גַּם בַּפּ׳ הַהִוא Devarim 9:19; Devarim 10:10.

הַפַּעַם (Hex only J): (1) = this once Breishis 18:32, אַךְ הַפּ׳ Shemos 10:17; Shoftim 6:39, רַק־הַפּ׳ v Shoftim 6:39, אַךְ הַפּ׳ הַזֶּה Shoftim 16:28 (הַזֶּה dub., v. supr.); (2) = now at length Breishis 2:23; Breishis 29:34, Breishis 29:35; Breishis 30:20; Breishis 46:30; Shoftim 15:3; Shoftim 16:18, cf. also Shemos 9:27 now at length (it is clear that) I have sinned.

פַּעַם … פָּ֑עַם Mishlei 7:12 now … now, at one time … at another.

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פַּעֲמֹן

n.[m.] bell, on high-p.’s robe (from its stroke, beat);—פ׳ abs. Shemos 39:26^(×2) cstr. פ׳ זָהָב Shemos 28:34^(×2); pl. הַפַּעֲמֹנִים Shemos 39:25, cstr. פַּעֲמֹנֵי זָהָב Shemos 28:33; Shemos 39:25.

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פַּעֲרַי

n.pr.m. Shmuel Beis 23:35 (cf. Ph. n.pr.m. פער) = נַעֲרַי q.v.

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פְּעוֹר

n.pr. Φογωρ:

mont. in Moab (appar. from some √ פעֿר);—Bamidbar 23:28 cf. (בֵּית פ׳, בַּעַל פ׳ and reff.; also) Buhl^{Geogr. 122} Dr Devarim 3:29; [𝔊 Yehoshua 15:59 [60] gives a Φαγωρ with Bethlehem; v. also 𝔊 for פָּ֑עוּ, פָּ֑עִי].

dei. (appar.) Bamidbar 25:18^(×2) (cf. בַּעַל פ׳ v Bamidbar 25:3, Bamidbar 25:5), Bamidbar 31:16 Yehoshua 22:17.

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פָּצָה

vb. part, open (Arabic فَصَى i, ii. separate, remove; Aramaic פְּצָא especially set free, ܦܰܨܺܐ Pa. set free);—

Pf. 3 fs. פָּֽצְתָה Breishis 4:11 +, 2 ms. פָּצִיתָ Shoftim 11:36, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְצֶה Iyov 35:16; Imv. ms. פְּצֵה Yechezkel 2:8, sf. פְּצֵנִי Tehillim 144:7, Tehillim 144:11; Pt. פֹּצֶה Yeshaya 10:14, פּוֹ׳ Tehillim 144:10;—

open mouth:

to swallow, fig. of ground, הָאֲדָמָה Breishis 4:11 (J), Bamidbar 16:30 (JE), הָאָרֶץ Devarim 11:6; of enemies, + עַל pers. Eicha 2:16; Eicha 3:46 Tehillim 22:14; lit. Yechezkel 2:8.

to speak Shoftim 11:35, Shoftim 11:36 (utter a vow, + אֶל־י׳); Iyov 35:16; hence = utter, אֲשֶׁר פָּצוּ שְׁפָתַי Tehillim 66:14; of bird chirping פֹּצֶה פֶה Yeshaya 10:14 (in fig.).

snatch away, set free (Aramaic loan-word), only Tehillim 144, + הִצִּיל c. מִן v Tehillim 144:7, Tehillim 144:11; פ׳ c. מִן v Tehillim 144:10.

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פָּצַל

vb.

peel (NH Pi. split, divide; so Arabic فَصَلَ J.Aram. (Talm.) פְּצַל, Syriac ܦܨܰܠ; akin to בצל q.v.);—Pf. 3 ms. פִּצֵּל Breishis 30:38 (obj. rods); Impf. 3 ms. וַיְפַצֵּל v Breishis 30:37 (c. acc. cogn.).

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פֶּ֫צַע

n.m.^{Mishlei 27:6} bruise wound;—abs. פ׳ Shemos 21:25; Yeshaya 1:6 (fig.), Mishlei 20:30, פָּ֑צַע Shemos 21:25; sf. פִּצְעִי Breishis 4:23; pl. פְּצָעִים Mishlei 23:29; fig. also cstr. פִּצְעֵי Mishlei 27:6 and sf. פְּצָעַי Iyov 9:17.

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פָּצַץ

vb. break (Arabic فَضَّ break, break asunder; Nab. פצץ break asunder; Syriac ܦܰܥ crush);—Pōʿ. Impf. 3 ms. יְפֹצֵץ סָ֑לַע Yirmiya 23:29 a hammer which shatters rock.

Impf. 3 ms. sf. וַיְפַצְפְּצֵנִי Iyov 16:12 he [God] dashed me in pieces (fig.) Hithpōʿ.

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פָּקַד

vb. attend to, visit, muster, appoint (NH id., visit, enjoin; Ph. פקד attend to, provide; Assyrian paḳâdu = BH; Arabic فَقَدَ; faqada) lose, miss; also (Dozy) give heed, attention, to; Ethiopic ፈቀደ; visit, muster, desire, need, etc.; Nab. פקד command (Cook), so 𝔗 פְּקַד Pa. Syriac ܦܩܰܕ, also visit);—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Shemos 4:31 +; 1 s. פָּקַדְתִּי Shemos 3:16 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְקֹד Breishis 50:24 +, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּקֹד Bamidbar 3:15 +, etc.; Inf. abs. פָּקֹד Breishis 50:24 +; cstr. לִפְקֹד Shmuel Beis 24:4 +, etc.; Pt. act. פֹּקֵד Shemos 20:5 +; pass. פְּקֻדִים(הַ) Shemos 30:14 +, cstr. פְּקוּדֵי Bamidbar 31:14 +, etc.;—

pay attention to, observe (with care, practical interest), of י׳ c. acc. pers. + rei Shemos 3:16 (J), c. acc. pers. Shemos 4:31 (J; ‖ רָאָה), Tehillim 8:5 (with providence, cf. פְּקֻדָּה Iyov 10:12; ‖ זָכַר); c. acc. rei Shmuel Alef 15:2 Tehillim 80:15 (‖ הִבִּיט, רָאָה), Eicha 4:22 (‖ גִּלָּה עַל), יִזְכֹּר עֲוֹנָם וְיִפְקֹד חַטֹּאתָם Hoshea 8:13 = Hoshea 9:9 = Yirmiya 14:10; Shmuel Alef 17:18 observe thy brothers as to well-being (לְשָׁלוֹם; i.e. see how they fare).

attend to, in act, see to, c. acc. pers. Melachim Beis 9:34; acc. of sheep Yirmiya 23:2 (in fig.); cf. Zecharia 10:3; Zecharia 11:16.

seek (with interest, desire), seek י׳ Yeshaya 26:16; in bad sense, look about for Yechezkel 23:21. Hence

seek in vain, need, miss, lack (cf. Niph., and Arabic Ethiopic supr.), c. acc. pers. Shmuel Alef 20:6; Yeshaya 34:16, rei Shmuel Alef 25:15 Yirmiya 3:16.

specif. visit, c. acc., for different purposes: with (ב) a present Shoftim 15:1; especially of י׳, visit graciously Breishis 21:1; Breishis 50:24, Breishis 50:25 = Shemos 13:19 (all E), Yeshaya 23:17; Yirmiya 15:15 (‖ זָכַר), Yirmiya 27:22; Yirmiya 29:10; Yirmiya 32:5 Tehillim 65:10 Rus 1:6 +; בִּישׁוּעָתֶ֑ךָ Tehillim 106:4 (‖ זָכַר); visit to search, test, acc. pers. Iyov 7:18 (‖ בָּחַן), Tehillim 17:3 (‖ id.; obj. om.), abs. Iyov 31:14; to punish Yirmiya 6:15; Yirmiya 49:8; Yirmiya 50:31 Tehillim 59:6; acc. pers. om. Shemos 32:34 Yeshaya 26:14, c. עַל rei (of sin) Yirmiya 5:9, Yirmiya 5:29; Yirmiya 9:8 (here + ב pers.); acc. rei Tehillim 89:33; abs., of י׳’s anger Iyov 35:15.

c. עַל pers., visit upon, י׳ subj., + acc. rei (of sin) Amos 3:2, Amos 3:14 Hoshea 1:4; Hoshea 2:15; Shemos 20:5; Shemos 34:7 Devarim 5:9 + 10 times; acc. rei om., = punish Yeshaya 10:12 Yirmiya 9:24; Yirmiya 11:22; Yirmiya 13:21 + 10 times Je, + 8 times; + כ rei Hoshea 12:3 Yirmiya 21:14; + cl. of sin Hoshea 4:14; c. אֶל pers. Yirmiya 50:18^(×2), אֶל + עַל Yirmiya 46:25; indef. subj. c. עַל of vineyard = injure Yeshaya 27:3.

pass in review, muster (nearly = number), c. acc., Shmuel Alef 11:8; Shmuel Alef 13:15; Shmuel Beis 24:2, Shmuel Beis 24:4 + 11 times + Bamidbar 1:3, Bamidbar 1:19, Bamidbar 1:44, Bamidbar 1:49 + 16 times Nu (P); acc. om. Shmuel Alef 14:17^(×2) Bamidbar 3:42; obj. נָוֶה Iyov 5:24; especially pt. pass., persons or things mustered (numbered), Shemos 30:12, Shemos 30:13, Shemos 30:14; Shemos 38:25, Shemos 38:26;Bamidbar 1:21, Bamidbar 1:22 + 67 times Nu, + Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:24.

appoint:

c. acc. pers. + אִתָּם Breishis 40:4, + עַל pers. over whom Yirmiya 15:3; Yirmiya 51:27; Bamidbar 27:16, + אֶל (for עַל) Yirmiya 49:19 = Yirmiya 50:44; c. acc. pers. alone Bamidbar 3:10, + בְּרֹאשׁ הָעָם Devarim 20:9; pt. pass. pl. appointed ones, officers, of (fighting) host Bamidbar 31:14, Bamidbar 31:48; Melachim Beis 11:15 Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:14.

c. acc. rei, appoint, assign, + עַל pers. to whom, Bamidbar 4:27 (on text v. Di); c. acc. rei only, v Bamidbar 4:32; cf. Iyov 34:13; Iyov 36:23; lay upon (עַל pers.) as a charge, Tzefania 3:7 (reading מֵעֵינֶיהָ, 𝔊 We Now, for מְעוֹנָהּ); + inf. Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:23 = Ezra 1:2; = deposit, c. acc. rei + ב loc., Melachim Beis 5:24 (cf. פִּקָּדוֹן).

Pf. 3 ms. נִפְקַד Shmuel Alef 25:7 +; 2 ms. וְנִפְקַדְתָּ֫ Shmuel Alef 20:18; Impf. 3 ms. יִפָּקֵד v Shmuel Alef 20:18 +, etc.; Inf. הִפָּקֵד abs. Melachim Alef 20:39; cstr. Shoftim 21:3;—

be (sought, i.e. needed) missed, lacking Shmuel Alef 20:18 + v Shmuel Alef 20:19 (𝔊, for MT תֵּרֵד, We Dr al.), Shmuel Alef 25:7 Melachim Alef 20:39 (+ inf. abs.), Melachim Beis 10:19^(×2) Yirmiya 23:4 (Gr Gie conj. יִפְחָ֖דוּ), + מִן part. Shoftim 21:3; Shmuel Alef 25:21; Shmuel Beis 2:30 Bamidbar 31:49; of seat Shmuel Alef 20:18, place v Shmuel Alef 25:27 (i.e. be empty).

be visited (graciously) Yechezkel 38:8; Yeshaya 24:22, cf. Yeshaya 29:6 (ב accomp.; v. Di).

be visited upon, עַל pers., Bamidbar 16:29 (subj. פְּקֻדָּה); בַּל יִפּ׳ רָ֑ע Mishlei 19:23 evil shall not be visited (sc. upon him; read perhaps שׂבֵר עָלָיו for שָׂבֵעַ יָלְין v. Toy).

be appointed Nechemia 7:1, + עַל Nechemia 12:44.

(intens.) muster a host, Pt. מְפַקֵּד Yeshaya 13:4 (of י׳).

be passed in review, Pf. 3 ms. פֻּקַּד Shemos 38:21; be caused to miss, deprived of, 1 s. פֻּקַּדְתִּי Yeshaya 38:10 c. acc. rei. Yeshaya 38:10 sense dub., Ges am (shall be) missed for; Hi Di De Che^Comm. am punished, muleted of.

be mustered, Pf. 3 pl. הִתְפָּֽקְדוּ Shoftim 20:15, Shoftim 20:17; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְפָּקֵד Shoftim 21:9; 3 mpl. Shoftim 20:15 (on form v. Ges^{§ 541}).

id., Pf. 3 pl. הָתְפָּֽקְדוּ Melachim Alef 20:27 Bamidbar 1:47; Bamidbar 2:33; Bamidbar 26:62 (Ges^l.c.).

Pf. 3 ms. הִפְקִיד Breishis 39:5 +, 2 ms. sf. הִפְקַדְתּוֹ Shmuel Alef 29:4, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַפְקִיד Yeshaya 10:28, etc.; Imv. ms. הַפְקֵד Bamidbar 1:50 Tehillim 109:6, etc.;—

c. acc. pers., set (over), make overseer, Melachim Beis 25:23; + עַל Breishis 39:4 Yirmiya 1:10 Bamidbar 1:50 + 8 times, fig., acc. of punishment, Vayikra 26:16; + ב Yirmiya 40:5 + 3 times; + ב and על Breishis 39:5; + ל Melachim Alef 11:28; + אֲשֶׁר שָׁם Shmuel Alef 29:4 where thou hast stationed him, ins. also v Shmuel Alef 29:10 𝔊 The We Dr al.; + אִתּוֹ Yirmiya 40:7, cf. Yirmiya 41:10.

c. acc. rei (implic.),

commit, entrust (cf. פִּקָּדוֹן), עַל־יַד פ׳ Melachim Alef 14:27 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:10; c. acc. רוּחִי + בְּיָֽדְךָ Tehillim 31:6.

deposit, c. acc. rei + ב loc. Yirmiya 36:20, + ל loc. Yeshaya 10:28; acc. pers. (Jer. as prisoner) + ב loc. Yirmiya 37:21.

be visited in punishment, Pf. 3 ms. הָפְקַד Yirmiya 6:6 (impers.; but 𝔊 ψευδής, read הַשֶּׁקֶר JDMich, הַפֶּרֶק Gie).

be deposited, אִתּוֹ Vayikra 5:23 (subj. הַפִּקָּדוֹן)

be made overseer, Pt. מֻפְקָדִים(הַ), c. בֵּית Melachim Beis 22:9; Melachim Beis 12:12 Qr (Kt הפקדים); בְּבֵית י׳ Melachim Beis 22:5 (Qr del. ב), Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:10; c. עַל pers. Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:12; abs. v Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:17.

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פְּקֻדָּה

n.f. oversight, mustering, visitation, store;—abs. פ׳ Hoshea 9:7; Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:11; cstr. פְּקֻדַּת Bamidbar 3:32 +; sf. פְּקֻדָּתוֹ Tehillim 109:8, etc.; pl. פְּקֻדּ(וֹ)ת Yirmiya 52:11 +;—

visitation:

= punishment Hoshea 9:7; Yeshaya 10:3; Micha 7:4; Yechezkel 9:1; Bamidbar 16:29 (P), especially in (שְׁנַת)עֵת פְּקֻדָּתָם Yirmiya 8:12; Yirmiya 10:15 + 6 times Je (cf. עֵת c. פָּקַד Yirmiya 6:15; Yirmiya 49:8; Yirmiya 50:31), בֵּית הַפּ׳ = prison Yirmiya 52:11.

gracious visitation, providence Iyov 10:12.

oversight, charge Bamidbar 4:16 (P), also Bamidbar 3:36 (P; redund.), Divrei HaYamim Alef 26:30; = office Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:18.

overseer (abstr. for concr.), Melachim Beis 11:18; Yechezkel 44:11 (c. אֶל rei), Bamidbar 3:32 (P); coll. = magistracy Yeshaya 60:17 (Lag^{BN 151}), cf. Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:11.

class of officers Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:11; Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:3, Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:19.

charge = thing entrusted Bamidbar 4:16 (P).

mustering Divrei HaYamim Beis 17:14; Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:11.

store, things laid up, Yeshaya 15:7 Tehillim 109:8 (perhaps; Hup We^{Skizzen vi. 184} al. office).

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פְּקוּדִים

n.pl.[m.] abstr. musterings, i.e. expenses;—cstr. פְּקוּדֵי Shemos 38:21 (v. Di).

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פָּקִיד

n.m. commissioner, deputy, overseer;—abs. פ׳ Yirmiya 20:1 +; cstr. פְּקִיד Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:11; Nechemia 11:22; sf. פְּקִידוֹ Shoftim 9:28; pl. פְּקִדִים Breishis 41:34 Yirmiya 29:26, פְּקִידִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:13; Esther 2:3;—commissioner, for special duty Breishis 41:34 (E), Esther 2:3; permanent deputy of king Shoftim 9:28, of priest Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:11, of Levites Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:13; overseer, one in charge of men, c. עַל of soldiers Melachim Beis 25:19 = Yirmiya 52:25, Benjamites Nechemia 11:9, priests v Nechemia 11:14; abs., without עַל Yirmiya 29:26 (of priest in temple, reading פָּקִיד Vrss Gie), cf. Yirmiya 20:1 (v. נָגִיד 3); c. sf. of Levites Nechemia 11:22, singers Nechemia 12:42.

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פְּקִדֻת

n.f. oversight;—בַּעַל פ׳ Yirmiya 37:13 sentinel.

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פְּקוֹד

n.pr.gent. et terr. a people in Bab. army Yechezkel 23:23 (Φακουκ; A και Φουδ); יוֹשְׁבֵי פ׳ Yirmiya 50:21; = Assyrian Puḳûdu, tribe in SE. Babylonia, bordering Elam Wkl^{Sargon i. 241} Schr^COT Je Dl^{Pa 240 f.}

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פָּקַח

vb. open eyes and (once) ears (NH id., open (and remove) rubbish heap, sq. עַל look to, attend to; Arabic فَقَحَ blossom, ii. open eyes; J.Aram פְּקַח open eyes, etc.; Syriac ܦܩܰܚ blossom);—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Iyov 27:19; 2 ms. פָּקַחְתָּ Iyov 14:3; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּפְקַח Breishis 21:19 +; 1 s. אֶפְקַח Zecharia 12:4; Imv. ms. פְּקַח Melachim Beis 6:17 +, so Daniel 9:18 Qr (Kt פקחה); Inf. abs. פָּקוֹחַ Yeshaya 42:20; cstr. לִפְקֹחַ v Yeshaya 42:7; Pt. act. פֹּקֵחַ Tehillim 146:8; pass. fpl. פְּקֻחוֹת Yirmiya 32:19;—

open eyes:

one’s own Melachim Beis 4:35; Iyov 27:19; Mishlei 20:13; Melachim Beis 19:16 = Yeshaya 37:17; Daniel 9:18; + עַל Yirmiya 32:19; Zecharia 12:4 Iyov 14:3.

eyes of others Breishis 21:19 Melachim Beis 6:17^(×2), Melachim Beis 6:20^(×2) Yeshaya 42:7 Tehillim 146:8;—for details v. עַיִן 1 j.

open ears = hear Yeshaya 42:20 (without understanding; fig. of Isr.).

Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְנִפְקְחוּ Breishis 3:5; Impf. 3 fpl. תִּפָּקַחְנָה Yeshaya 35:5, וַתּ׳ Breishis 3:7;—be opened, of eyes; fig., so as to know good and evil Breishis 3:5, Breishis 3:7; opp. blindness (fig.) Yeshaya 35:5.

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פִּקֵּחַ

adj. seeing;—פ׳ Shemos 4:11 (opp. עִוֵּר); pl. פִּקְחִים, fig., Shemos 23:8 clear-sighted ones (cf. [עָוַר]).

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פֶּ֫קַח

n.pr.m. usurping king of Israel, Φακεε (opening (? of eyes), or cf. Syriac ܦܶܩܚܳܐ flower; cf. n.pr.m. פקח, פקחי, on old Isr. seals; in Assyrian Paḳaḫa (acc.) Schr^COT Melachim Beis 15:30);—Melachim Beis 15:25, Melachim Beis 15:27, Melachim Beis 15:29, Melachim Beis 15:30, Melachim Beis 15:31, Melachim Beis 15:32, Melachim Beis 15:37; Melachim Beis 16:1, Melachim Beis 16:5; Yeshaya 7:1; Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:6.

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פְּקַחְיָה

n.pr.m. king of Israel (י׳ hath opened the eyes);—Melachim Beis 15:22, Melachim Beis 15:23, Melachim Beis 15:26, Φακεσιας, Φακειας.

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פְּקָעִים

n.m. ^{Melachim Alef 7:24} pl. carved wood or metal ornaments, either ball-, knob-shaped (Löw^{p. 332 f.}) or gourd-shaped (so most; cf. foll.; Syriac ܦܩܺܝܥܶܐ flowers [Lexx]);—Melachim Alef 6:18; Melachim Alef 7:24^(×2).

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פַּקֻּעֹת

n.[f.] pl. gourds (wild cucumbers, citrullus colocynthis, with purgative properties, according to Post^{Hastings DB ii. 250} De^{RIHWB 278 f.} 𝔊 κολοκυνθίς; > momordica (or ecballium) elaterium, which is not a vine; cf. Syriac ܦܰܩܽܘܥܳܐ, fruit of colocynthis (or the similar cucumis prophetarum), Löw^l.c. Brock):—cstr. פ׳ שָׂדֶה Melachim Beis 4:39.

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פַּר

v. פרר.

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פֶּ֫רֶא

n.m. ^{Iyov 39:5} (m. et. f. Yirmiya 2:24, but f. prob. erron., cf. Kö^{Synt. 157} Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 68}) wild ass (prob. from swiftness);—פ׳ abs. Hoshea 8:9 + (so Yirmiya 2:24 Gi; van d. H. Baer פֶּרֶה, cstr. Breishis 16:12; pl. פְּרָאִים Yirmiya 14:6 +;—wild ass Yirmiya 14:6; Iyov 6:5; Iyov 39:5; Yeshaya 32:14 Tehillim 104:11; עַיִר פ׳ Iyov 11:12 wild ass’s colt; פ׳ אָדָם Breishis 16:12 (J) a wild ass of a man (Ishmael as a free nomad); fig. of wilfulness Hoshea 8:9 (v. I. בָּדַד); of lust Yirmiya 2:24 (i.e. Israel’s love of idolatry); of poor desert-dwellers Iyov 24:5.

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פִּרְאָם

n.pr.m. Canaanite king of Jarmuth Yehoshua 10:3, Φειδων, 𝔊L Φεδαμ, A Φερααμ.

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פְּרוּדָא

n.pr.m. post-exil. name Ezra 2:55 (Φαδουρα), = פְּרִידָא Nechemia 7:56 (Φερειδα; 𝔊L as Ezr).

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פַּרְדֵּס

n.[m.] preserve, park (loan-word from Zend pairi-daêza, enclosure, Spieg Haug in Ew^{Jarhb. v. 162f.}, cf. Spieg^{Avesta i, 293}; Pers. پاليز, pâlêz Lag^{Ges. Abh. 75, 211}, Kurd. parês Nö^{ZMG xxxvi (1882), 182}; hence Armenian paṛtêz Lag^{Arm. Stud. § 1878}, late Assyrian pardîsu Meissn^{ZA vi. 290}, Arabic فِرْدَوْسٌ; Gk. παράδεισος; cf. also Dl^{Pa 95 ff.} Di Breishis 2:8);—הַפּ׳ Nechemia 2:8 (containing trees); cstr. פַּרְדֵּס רִמּוֹנִים Shir HaShirim 4:13 (fruit-trees and costly plants); pl. פַּרְדֵּסִים Koheles 2:5 (+ גַּנּוֹת).

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פָּרָה

vb. bear fruit, be fruitful (NH = BH 1, פְּרִי = BH; Ph. פר fruit; Ethiopic ፈርየ: ፈረየ: blossom, bear fruit; Assyrian pirʾu, posterity; cf. also 𝔗 פֵּירָא, Syriac ܦܶܐܪܳܐ fruit, and Ba^{ZMG xii (1887), 604});—

Pf. 3 pl. פָּרוּ Shemos 1:7; 1 pl. consec. וּפָרִינוּ Breishis 26:22, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְרֶה Yeshaya 11:1, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּרֵה Breishis 35:11, mpl. פְּרוּ Breishis 1:22 +; Pt. act. פֹּרֶה Devarim 29:17, f. פֹּרִיָּה Yechezkel 19:10 Yeshaya 17:6, פֹּרָת (Ges^{§ 80 g}; for *פֹּרַיַת Lag^{BN 81}) Breishis 49:22^(×2);—

of men and animals, Shemos 23:30 (E) Breishis 26:22 (J); especially + רבה Yirmiya 3:16; Yirmiya 23:3 Yechezkel 36:11; Breishis 35:11; Breishis 47:27 (P), and שָׁרַץ (P) Breishis 8:17; Breishis 9:7; Shemos 1:7, פְּרוּ וּרְבוּ וּמִלְאוּ וגו׳ Breishis 1:22, Breishis 1:28; Breishis 9:1.

of vine, גֶּפֶן פֹּרִיָּה Yeshaya 32:12 fruitful vine, so Tehillim 128:3 (sim. of wife); cf. (in fig. of Isr.) Yechezkel 19:10; in Mess. prediction Yeshaya 11:1 a shoot from his [Jesse’s] roots shall bear fruit; c. acc. שֹׁרֶשׁ פ׳ רֹאשׁ fig., Devarim 29:17 a root bearing gall (as its fruit); יִפְרוּ יֶשַׁע Yeshaya 45:8 is dub., read perhaps 3 fs. תֵּפֶר let earth be fruitful in salvation (Oort al.); Pt. f., as subst., הַפֹּרִיָּה the fruit-bearer, poet. for tree, Yeshaya 17:6 (cf. [סָעִיף] 2); so בֵּן פֹּרָת Breishis 49:22^(×2) Joseph is son of a fruit-bearer, i.e. a fruitful bough.

1. cause to bear fruit, 2. make fruitful, subj. י׳, c. acc. of man or people:

Pf. 3 ms. sf. הִפְרַנִי Breishis 41:52 (E).

in P, וְהִפְרֵתִ֫י Breishis 17:6, Breishis 17:20 (-רֵיתֵ֫י), + הִרְבָּה Vayikra 26:9 (H); Impf. 3 ms. juss. יַפְרְךָ וְיַרְבְּךָ Breishis 28:3, וַיֶּפֶר Tehillim 105:24; Pt. הִנְנִי מַפְרְךָ וְהִרְבִּיתִךָ Breishis 48:4

shew fruitfulness, bear fruit (Ges^{§ 53 c, d, g}): Impf. 3 ms. יַפְרִיא Hoshea 13:15 (as if from פרא).

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פְּרִי

n.m. Hoshea 14:9 fruit;—abs. פ׳ Hoshea 9:16 +, פֶּ֑רִי Yirmiya 12:12 +; especially cstr. פְּרִי Breishis 4:3 +; sf. פִּרְיִי Mishlei 8:19, פֶּרְיְךָ Hoshea 14:9, פִּרְיוֹ Breishis 3:6 +, וּפֶרְיְכֶם Yechezkel 36:8, פְּרִיהֶם Amos 9:14, פִּרְיָם Eicha 2:20 +, פִּרְיָמוֹ Tehillim 21:11, פְּרִיהֶן Yirmiya 29:28, פִּרְיָן v Yirmiya 29:5, etc.;—

פְּרִי הָאֲדָמָה Breishis 4:3 (J), fruit of the ground, of produce in gen., so Devarim 7:13 + 9 times Dt + 3 times; פ׳ הָאֶרֶץ Bamidbar 13:20, Bamidbar 13:26, Bamidbar 13:27 (JE) + 5 times, cf. Yechezkel 25:4; fruit of vineyard Melachim Beis 19:29 = Yeshaya 37:30, Zecharia 8:12 Yeshaya 65:21 Shir HaShirim 8:11, Shir HaShirim 8:12, in fig. Hoshea 10:1^(×2) + 5 times +Yechezkel 17:14 (but del. 𝔊 Co al.); especially פ׳ הָעֵץ Breishis 3:2, Breishis 3:3, Breishis 3:6 Shemos 10:15 (all J) + 21 times, also, in fig., Amos 2:9 Hoshea 9:16 + 4 times + Yechezkel 17:23 (read פֹּארָה branches Co al.); of gardens Amos 9:14; Yirmiya 29:5, Yirmiya 29:28, fig. Shir HaShirim 4:12, Shir HaShirim 4:16; עֵץ פְּרִי is fruit-tree Breishis 1:11 Tehillim 148:9, cf. Koheles 2:5; אֶרֶץ פְּרִי Tehillim 107:34; פְּרִי תְּבוּאָה v Tehillim 107:37 fruit of (consisting in) a crop; Tehillim 72:16 is dub.; Che Du interpr. as 2; Bae proposes יִפְרוּ.

= off-spring: fruit of womb (בֶּטֶן) Breishis 30:2; Devarim 7:13 + 9 times, cf. Eicha 2:20 Tehillim 21:11; of cattle (בְּהֵמָה) Devarim 28:4, Devarim 28:11, Devarim 28:51; Devarim 30:9; of serpent, fig. of power conquering Philistia Yeshaya 14:29.

fig. of fruit of actions, i.e. their consequences: good Yeshaya 3:10 Tehillim 58:12; bad Hoshea 10:13 Mishlei 1:31 Micha 7:13, of thoughts Yirmiya 6:19; of result of removing sin Yeshaya 27:9; result of labour (fruit of hands) Mishlei 31:16, Mishlei 31:31; product of works of י׳ Tehillim 104:13, of wisdom Mishlei 8:19; פ׳ צְדָקָה Amos 6:12, cf. פ׳ צְדִּיק Mishlei 11:30 (read צֶדֶק 𝔊 Hi Toy); of doings (i.e. course of life, or character) Yirmiya 17:10; Yirmiya 21:14; Yirmiya 32:19; פ׳ פִי־אִישׁ i.e. speech Mishlei 12:14; Mishlei 13:2; Mishlei 18:20; fruit of arrogance Yeshaya 10:12 is arrogant speech; fruit of tongue Mishlei 18:21 = consequences of speech.

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פָּרָה²

v. III. פרר.

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פֶּרֶה

v. פֶּרֶא

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פְּרָזוֹן

n.[m.] dub.; פ׳ Shoftim 5:7; sf. פִּרְזוֹנוֹ v Shoftim 5:11 (Lag^{BN 119}), poss. coll. rural population, rustics, Bachm Bu (the latter as gen. obj. after צִדְקֹת righteous acts to the peasants); > 𝔊 Thes Be leaders and leadership (cf. [פֶּרֶז]); text very uncertain; on v Shoftim 5:7 see [פְּרָזָה] supr.

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פָּרַח

vb. bud, sprout, shoot (NH Hiph. = BH Hiph. 2; Ecclus פרח Qal = flourish, Hiph. causat., Ben Sira 49:10; Ben Sira 40:19; Arabic فَرِخَ ii. hatch, also sprout, فَرْخٌ young of bird (v. אֶפְרֹחַ infr.), twig, sprout; Assyrian pirḫu, n. sprout;—on meaning cf. GFM^{JBL x (1891), 57})—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Yechezkel 7:10 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְרַח Hoshea 14:6 +, 3 fpl. תִּפְרַחְנָה Yeshaya 66:14, etc.; Inf. abs. פָּרֹחַ Yeshaya 35:2; cstr. בִּפְרֹחַ Tehillim 92:8; Pt. f. פֹּרַ֫חַת Breishis 40:10;—bud, sprout, send out shoots, of vine Breishis 40:10 (E), Hoshea 14:8 (sim.), Shir HaShirim 6:11; Shir HaShirim 7:13; fig-tree Chavakuk 3:17 (< 𝔊 We Now תִּפְרֶה); rods Bamidbar 17:20, Bamidbar 17:23; metaph. of restored Isr. Hoshea 14:6; Yeshaya 27:6, cf. of bones Yeshaya 66:14 (כַּדֶּשֶׂא); of righteous Tehillim 72:7; Tehillim 92:13 Mishlei 11:28; of wicked (כְּמוֹ עֵשֶׂב) Tehillim 92:8; also of steppe (עֲרָבָה) Yeshaya 35:1, פָּרֹחַ תִּפְרַח v Yeshaya 35:2; fig. of judgment Hoshea 10:4 (כָּרֹאשׁ; but on text v. Now); of זָדוֹן (q.v. p. 268) Yechezkel 7:10.

Pf. 1 s. הִפְרַחְתִּי Yechezkel 17:24; Impf. יַפְרִחַ Iyov 14:9, etc.;—

cause to bud or sprout, c. acc. עֵץ Yechezkel 17:24, זֶרַע Yeshaya 17:11, both fig.

shew buds, sprouts, of tree Iyov 14:9; fig. of righteous Tehillim 92:14; = flourish, of אֹהֶל יְשָׁרִים, Mishlei 14:11 (all Qal in—ִ according to Ba^{ZMG xliii (1889), 180f.}).

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פָּרַח²

vb. break out, of leprosy and like eruptions (in P) (usually taken as = I. פ׳. but dub.; NH id., also decay, ferment Vogelst^{Landwirthschaft 22}; Syriac ܦܪܰܚ spread, of leprosy, etc.; NS. ܦܵܪܘׄܚܬܵܐ leprous spots)—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Vayikra 13:39 (of פֹּהַק), וּפ׳ consec. Vayikra 14:43 (of נֶגַע); of צָרַעַת, 3 fs. פָּרָ֑חָה Vayikra 13:20, Vayikra 13:25, also Impf. 3 fs. + Inf. abs. פָּרוֹחַ תִּפְרַח v Vayikra 13:12, and Pt. f. פֹּרַחַת v Vayikra 13:42, Vayikra 13:57; of שְׁחִין Pt. m. פֹּרֵחַ Shemos 9:9, Shemos 9:10.

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פָּרַח³

vb. fly, Aramaism, si vera l. (NH id., especially fly away; Aramaic פְרַח, ܦܪܰܚ fly; ܦܳܪܰܚܬܳܐ insect, bird);—

Pt. fpl. לְפֹרְחוֹת Yechezkel 13:20^(×2) for (like?) flying things, i.e. birds, but del. 𝔊 𝔖 Hi Siegf in v a (where prob. ins. from v b); Co Toy Berthol Krae in v a, b.

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פָּרוּחַ

n.pr.m. in Issachar Melachim Alef 4:17, 𝔊 Φουασουδ, A Φαρρον, 𝔊L Βαρσαουχ.

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פְּרִי²

v. פרה.

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פָּרֹ֫כֶת

n.f. curtain, before Most Holy Place, in tabern. (P) (prop. that which habitually shuts off, i.e. parrâku (Lag^{BN 88}) Kö^{ii. 1, 201});—פ׳ abs. Shemos 26:31 + 17 times P; cstr. פ׳ הַמָּסָ֑ךְ Shemos 35:12; Shemos 39:34; Shemos 40:21; Bamidbar 4:5, פ׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ Vayikra 4:6, פ׳ הָעֵדוּת Vayikra 24:3; in temple Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:14.

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פַּרְמַשְׁתָּא

n.pr.m. son of Haman Esther 9:9, Μαρμασιμ(ν)α.

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פַּרְנָךְ

n.pr.m. of Zebulun Bamidbar 34:25, Φαρ(α)ναχ.*

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פָּרַס

n.pr.terr. Persia, Περσῶν (genit.), Daniel 11:2 τῇ Περσίδι (𝔊 et Θ), Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:20 Μήδων (OPers. Pârsa, Persian, Persia, Spieg^{APK 231}, NPers. پَارْسِ, فَارْسِ; Arabic فَارِسُ );—פ׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:22 +, פָּרָ֑ס v Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:20 +;—in late lit., Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:20, v Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:22^(×2), Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:23 = Ezra 1:1^(×2), Ezra 1:2; Daniel 10:1 + 11 times Ezr Dn + (c. מָדַי) Esther 1:3, Esther 1:14, Esther 1:18, Esther 1:19; Esther 10:2; Daniel 8:20; פ׳ Yechezkel 27:10; Yechezkel 38:5 is doubted by Toy (who, Yechezkel 27:10, reads כּוּשׁ, after Gr), but Krae defends.

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פָּרַס²

erron. פָּרַשׂ Nö^{ZA j, 417}] vb. break in two, divide (NH in der. forms; Assyrian parâsu, divide, hinder; Arabic فَرَسَ break neck, etc.; Syriac ܦܰܪܣܳܐ hoof, 𝔗 פַּרְסְתָא (v. פַּרְסָה infr.); cf. Nö^{ZA i. 417 f.});—Qal Pf. 3 pl. וּפָֽרְשׂוּ Micha 3:3 they have broken up bones, as in kettle (? read Impf. וַיִּפְרְשׂוּ Nö^l.c.); Inf. abs. פָּרֹס לָרָעֵב לַחְמֶ֑ךָ Yeshaya 58:7 a breaking for the hungry thy bread, so Impf. 3 mpl. יִפְרְסוּ לָהֶם Yirmiya 16:7 (לֶחֶם om.; but read יִפ׳ לֶחֶם אֶל־אָבֵל Gie, cf. [in part] 𝔊 𝔙 Gf); Pt. פֹרֵשׂ לָהֶם Eicha 4:4 (acc. לֶחֶם om.). Hiph. Pf. 3 fs. הִפְרִיסָה Vayikra 11:6, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַפְרִיס v Vayikra 11:5; Pt. מַפְרִיס v Vayikra 11:4 +, מַפְרֶסֶת v Vayikra 11:3 +, etc.;—

c. acc. פַּרְסָה divide hoof, i.e. have divided hoof (> denom. have hoofs), Devarim 14:6, Devarim 14:7, Devarim 14:8 and ‖ Vayikra 11:3, Vayikra 11:4, Vayikra 11:5, Vayikra 11:6, Vayikra 11:7, so also Vayikra 11:26; מַפְרִיסֵי הַפּ׳ Devarim 14:7 = מַפְרִסֵי הַפּ׳ Vayikra 11:4 (H).

pt. abs. denom. Tehillim 69:32 having hoofs (+ מַקְרִן).

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פַּרְסָה

n.f. hoof (prob. orig. divided hoof; cf. Nö^{ZA i (1886), 417}, later of any hoof (v. 2 infr.), even Aramaic of foot-sole of dove 𝔗^Onk Breishis 8:9, and of men (Yirmiya 47:3 +), cf. Nö^l.c.);—פ׳ abs. Shemos 10:26 +; pl. פְּרָס(וֹ)ת Devarim 14:6; Vayikra 11:3; cstr. id. Yeshaya 5:28 +; sf. פַּרְסֹתַיִךְ Micha 4:13, פַּרְסֵיהֶן Zecharia 11:16;—

of ruminants Shemos 10:26 (E; meton. for animal itself), Micha 4:13 (fig. of Zion), Yechezkel 32:13 Zecharia 11:16 (fig.); especially שֶׁסַע פ׳ (שְׁתֵּי) Devarim 14:6 = Vayikra 11:3; Vayikra 11:7, and c. פָּרַס Hiph. (q.v.) v Vayikra 11:3 + 10 times Vayikra 11; Devarim 14.

of horses (not divided) Yeshaya 5:28; Yechezkel 26:11 (so 𝔗 𝔖), Yirmiya 47:3.

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פרע

(√ of foll.; cf. perhaps Arabic فَرَعَ overtop, fig. excel; فَرْعٌ noble, eminent man; Sab. פרע be lofty Os^{ZMG xix (1865), 178 f.}, פדע highest part SabDenkm⁹⁰, fig. best, DHM^{ib., 32 f.} CIS^{iv. No. 2, 1, 13} especially of offering DHM^{ZMG xxxvii (1883), 341 ff.} (cf. Arabic فَرَعٌ firstling offered to gods)).

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פֶּ֫רַע

n.[m.] leader (?);—pl. abs. בִּפְרֹעַ פְּרָעוֹת Shoftim 5:2 for the leading of the leaders (𝔊^A Be Bu al., but uncertain; 𝔊^B Symm, cf. We^{Isr. u. Jüd. Gesch. (2), 97; Heid. (2), 123} al., for the loosing of locks [ii. פֶּרַע], in vow of war; on these and other views v. especially GFM^{ad loc.}; conj. also by Lambert^{RÉJ xxiv. 140} Grimme^{ZMG 1 (1896), 572} Che^{JQ, July 1899, 561} [reading ברכו]); cstr. מֵרֹאשׁ פַּרְעוֹת אוֹיֵב Devarim 32:42 from the head of leaders of the foe 𝔊 Di Steuern al.; Kn Ke Dr al. from the long-haired heads of the foe.

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פָּרַע

vb. denom. act as leader, lead (?);—only Inf. cstr. בִּפְרֹעַ Shoftim 5:2, v. supr.

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פרע²

(√ of foll.; cf. Syriac ܦܪܰܥ sprout; Assyrian pirʾu, sprout, progeny, pirtu, hair of head; late Arabic فَرَعَ sprout (Schroeter in Me^{Archiv. i. 176} Dozy^{ii. 256}), فَرْعٌ long hair of woman;—on this and foll. √ v. Schulthess^{Hom. Wurz. 56} Nö^{ZMG liv (1900), 154}).

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פֶּ֫רַע²

n.[m.] long hair of head, locks;—פ׳ abs. Yechezkel 44:20; cstr. פ׳ שְׂעַר רֹאשׁוֹ Bamidbar 6:5 (P).—Shoftim 5:2 Devarim 32:42, v. i. פֶּרַע.

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פָּרַע²

vb. let go, let alone (NH id. unbind (hair), uncover; Arabic فَرَغَ be empty, vacant, unoccupied (c. من rei), Syriac ܦܪܰܥ uncover; 𝔗 פְּרַע = NH);—

Pf. 3 ms. consec. וּפָרַע Bamidbar 5:18; sf. פְּרָעֹה (Ges^{§ 7 b, c}) Shemos 32:25; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְרָ֑ע Vayikra 21:10, etc.; Imv. ms. sf. פְּרָעֵהוּ Mishlei 4:15; Inf. cstr. פְּרֹעַ Shoftim 5:2; Pt. act. פּוֹרֵעַ Mishlei 13:18; Mishlei 15:32; pass. פָּרוּעַ Vayikra 13:45, פָּרֻעַ Shemos 32:25;—

let go, let loose, people, i.e. remove restraint from them, Shemos 32:25^(×2) (E); cf. Iyov 15:4 Che^{JQ, July 1897, 577} (תִּפְרָע for תִּגְרַע); unbind head (by removing turban, sign of mourning) Vayikra 10:6; Vayikra 21:10 (forbidden to priests); also Vayikra 13:45 (leper), Bamidbar 5:18 (woman; all c. רֹאשׁ; v. Now^{Arch. ii. 114}; >denom. from פֶּרַע Gerber¹⁸ al.).

let alone = avoid Mishlei 4:15; = neglect Mishlei 1:25; Mishlei 8:33; Mishlei 13:18; Mishlei 15:32; abs. = refrain Yechezkel 24:14.—Shoftim 5:2 v. I. פֶּרַע.

Impf. 3 ms. יִפָּ֫רַע עָ֑ם Mishlei 29:18 the people is let loose, lacks restraint.

Pf. 3 ms. הִפְרִיעַ Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:19; Impf. 2 mpl. תַּפְרִיעוּ Shemos 5:4;—

cause people to refrain, מִמַּעֲשָׂיו Shemos 5:4.

shew lack of restraint Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:19.

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פַּרְעֹה

n.m. Pharaoh, Φαραω, title of Egyptian kings (Egyptian pr-ʿo, great house, of royal court, and (in new kingdom) of king Griffith^{Hastings DB} Mey^{Gesch. Alt. i. 59} Steind^{BAS i. 343}; in Assyrian priʾu according to most, cf. COT^Gloss. Steind^l.c., but v. Wkl^{MVAG, 1898, 3 f.});—פ׳ Breishis 12:15^(×3), Breishis 12:17 + 212 times Hex (mostly JE, rarely DP), Shmuel Alef 2:27; Shmuel Alef 6:6; Melachim Alef 3:1^(×2) + 19 times K, Yeshaya 19:11^(×2) + 3 times, Yirmiya 25:19 + 10 times, Yechezkel 17:17 + 12 times, Nechemia 9:10; Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:18; Divrei HaYamim Beis 8:11 Tehillim 135:9; Tehillim 136:15; Shir HaShirim 1:9; + מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם (not early) Yirmiya 25:19; Yirmiya 46:17; Devarim 7:8; Devarim 11:3; Yechezkel 29:2, Yechezkel 29:3; Yechezkel 30:21, Yechezkel 30:22; Yechezkel 31:2; Melachim Alef 3:1; Melachim Alef 9:16; Melachim Alef 11:18; Melachim Beis 17:7; Melachim Beis 18:21 = Yeshaya 36:6; Breishis 41:46 (E), Shemos 6:11, Shemos 6:13, Shemos 6:27, Shemos 6:29; Shemos 14:8 (all P); c. n.pr. פ׳ חָפְרַע Yirmiya 44:30, פ׳ נְכֹה Yirmiya 46:2; Melachim Beis 23:29, Melachim Beis 23:33, Melachim Beis 23:34, Melachim Beis 23:35.

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פַּרְעֹשׁ

n.m. flea (Assyrian puršuʾû, paršuʾû; on transp. of, v. Hom^{A. u. A. i. 21});—fig. of insignificance Shmuel Alef 24:15; Shmuel Alef 26:20 נַפְשִׁי 𝔊 Th We Dr al.

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פַּרְעֹשׁ²

n.pr.m. Φορος, Φαρες, etc. (flea; cf. Gray^{Prop. N. 94});—

head of post-ex.. family Ezra 2:3 = Nechemia 7:8; Ezra 8:3; Ezra 10:25; Nechemia 3:25.

Nechemia 10:15.

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פָּרַץ

† I. פָּרַץ vb. break through (NH id.; J.Aram. פְּרַץ id.; perhaps Assyrian parâṣu (v. Dl^HWB); Arabic فَرَصَ cut, slit, also hit);—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. פָּרַץ Shmuel Beis 5:20 +; 2 ms. sf. פְּרַצְתָּנוּ Tehillim 60:3, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְרֹץ Shemos 1:12; Shemos 19:22, יִפְרָץ־ v Shemos 19:24, וַיִּפְרֹץ Breishis 30:30 +, etc.; Inf. abs. פָּרֹץ Yeshaya 5:5; cstr. פְּרֹץ Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:5, פְּרוֹץ Koheles 3:3; Pt. act. פֹּרֵץ Micha 2:13; Koheles 10:8; pass. fs. פְּרוּצָה Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:5; Mishlei 25:28; mpl. פְּרֻצִים Nechemia 4:1, + הֵם פְּרוּצִים Nechemia 2:13 Qr (> Kt המפרוצים);—break through:

break or burst out, from womb Breishis 38:29 (J; c. acc. cogn.); from enclosure Micha 2:13.

break through, down (from without), c. acc. גָּדֵר Yeshaya 5:5 Tehillim 80:13; Tehillim 89:41; Koheles 10:8; חוֹמָה Nechemia 3:35; Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:6, cf. pt. pass. Nechemia 2:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:5; c. בְּחוֹמָה = make a breach in Melachim Beis 14:13 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:23; עִיר פְּרוּצָה Mishlei 25:28; abs., opp. בָּנָה Koheles 3:3; הַפֹּרֵץ Micha 2:13; הַפְּרוּצִים Nechemia 4:1 the part broken down.

break into, c. acc. בֵּית י׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:7.

break open, a mining shaft Iyov 28:4.

break up, break in pieces, c. acc. מַעֲשֶׂיךָ Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:37 (‖ וַיִּשָּֽׁבְרוּ אֳנִיּוֹת).

break out (violently) upon, of י׳ in sudden judgment, c. acc. pers. Shmuel Beis 5:20 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:11, Tehillim 60:3; c. ב pers. Shemos 19:22, Shemos 19:24 (J), Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:13, so of plague Tehillim 106:29; of י׳, c. acc. cogn. פֶּרֶץ + ב pers. Shmuel Beis 6:8 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:11; c. acc. cogn. + sf. Iyov 16:14.

use violence, abs. Hoshea 4:2.

break over [limits], increase, וַיִּפְרֹץ לָרֹב Breishis 30:30 (J), Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:38; + ה loc. Breishis 28:14 (J); abs. Breishis 30:43 (J), Shemos 1:12 (J; + רָבָה), Hoshea 4:10 Yeshaya 54:3, פָּרַץ בָּאָרֶץ Iyov 1:10.

burst open, intrans., of wine-vats Mishlei 3:10 (c. acc. mat. תִּירוֹשׁ).

spread, i.e. become known, of הַדָּבָר Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:5.—Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:2 is prob. corrupt, v. Kau, who (after SS) conj. נֶחֱרָצָה; פ׳ in Divrei HaYamim Beis 11:23 is appar. distribute (c. מִן partit.), but dubious.—Shmuel Alef 28:23; Shmuel Beis 13:25; Shmuel Beis 13:27; Melachim Beis 5:23 v. פצר.
Niph. Pt. אֵין חָזוֹן נִפְרָ֑ץ Shmuel Alef 3:1 no vision spread abroad (i.e. general, or frequent, cf. Qal 10; ‖ דְּבַר י׳ הָיָה יָקָר), but text dubious.
Pu. Pt. f. מְפרָ֑צֶת Nechemia 1:3 broken down.
Hithp. Pt. pl. הַמִּתְפָּֽרְצִים Shmuel Alef 25:10 slaves who break away, each from (מִפְּנֵי) his master.

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פֶּ֫רֶץ

n.m. ^{Iyov 30:14} bursting forth, breach; abs. פ׳ Shoftim 21:15 +, פָּ֑רֶץ Breishis 38:29 +; cstr. פֶּרֶץ Shmuel Beis 5:20 +; pl. פְּרָצִים Amos 4:3 +, פְּרָצוֹת Yechezkel 13:5, sf. פִּרְצֵיהֶן Amos 9:11 (פְּרָצֶיהָ We Now);—

bursting forth, outburst, of water Shmuel Beis 5:20 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:11; from womb Breishis 38:29 (J).

breach in wall Amos 4:3; Melachim Alef 11:27; Nechemia 6:1 Tehillim 144:14; Iyov 30:14; so (c. גָּדַר, i.e. repair) Amos 9:11; Yeshaya 58:12; fig. of effort to avert calamity, עָלָה בַּפְּרָצוֹה Yechezkel 13:5 (‖ גָּדַר), עָמַד בַּפֶּרֶץ Yechezkel 22:30 (‖ id.), cf. Tehillim 106:23, by instruction and (especially) intercession.

broken wall, פ׳ נֹפֵל Yeshaya 30:13.

fig. of outburst of י׳’s wrath, acc. cogn. c. פָּרַץ Shmuel Beis 6:8 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:11; Iyov 16:14 (פֶרֶץ עַל־פְנֵי־פָ֑רֶץ); עָשָׂה פ׳ בְּ Shoftim 21:15.

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פֶּ֫רֶץ²

n.pr.

m. son of Judah and Tamar, Φαρες;—פ׳ Breishis 46:12 +, פָּ֑רֶץ Breishis 38:29 + 3 times;—Breishis 38:29; Breishis 46:12^(×2); Bamidbar 26:20, Bamidbar 26:21; Rus 4:12, Rus 4:18^(×2); Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:4, Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:5; Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:1; Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:4; Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:3; Nechemia 11:4, Nechemia 11:6.

loc. in

פ׳ עֻזָּה near Jerus. Shmuel Beis 6:8 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:11.

הַר פְּרָצִים Yeshaya 28:21, perhaps = בַּעַל פ׳ q.v. p. 128.—cf. רִמֹּן פָּ֑רֶץ.

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פָּרִיץ

n.m. violent one (robber, murderer);—פ׳ שֹׁפֵךְ דָּם Yechezkel 18:10; אָרְחוֹת פ׳ Tehillim 17:4; pl. פָּרִיצִים Yechezkel 7:22, מְעָרַת פָּרִצִים Yirmiya 7:11; cstr. בְּנֵי פָּרִיצֵי עַמְּךָ Daniel 11:14; of wild beast, פְּרִיץ חַיּוֹת Yeshaya 35:9.

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פָּרַק

vb. tear apart, away (NH remove (load, etc.), Pi. separate, take to pieces; Arabic فَرَقَ split, divide; 𝔏 פְּרַק especially redeem, rescue; Syriac ܦܪܰܩ withdraw (intrans.), also remove, rescue; Ethiopic ፈረቀ set free);—

Pf. 2 ms. וּפָרַקְּתָּ֫ Breishis 27:40; Impf. 3 ms. sf. וַיִּפְרְקֵנוּ Tehillim 136:24; Pt. act. פֹּרֵק Eicha 5:8 Tehillim 7:3 tear away yoke from off (מֵעַל) neck Breishis 27:10 (J); snatch from (מִן) foes, = rescue (Aramaic) Eicha 5:8 Tehillim 136:24; so abs. Tehillim 7:3 (prefixing (וְ)אֵין, 𝔊 𝔖 Che Du We), > Hup Bae al. snatch away as prey.

Impf. 3 ms. יְפָרֵק Zecharia 11:16 he shall tear off their hoofs; Imv. mpl. פָּֽרְקוּ Shemos 32:2 (E) tear off the golden ear-rings; Pt. מְפָרֵק Melachim Alef 19:11 a great wind rending mts. (‖ מְשַׁבֵּר).

tear off (for, i.e. from, oneself Ges^{§ 54 f}); Impf. 3 mpl. וַיִּתְפָּֽרְקוּ Shemos 32:3 (E), c. acc. אֶת־נִזְמֵי הַוָּהָב; Imv. mpl. הִתְפָּרָ֑קוּ v Shemos 32:24 (E; obj. om.); pass. be broken off, Pf. 3 pl. הִתְפָּֽרְקוּ Yechezkel 19:12 (branches).

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פֶּ֫רֶק

n.[m.]

parting of ways, Ovadia 1:14.

plunder (as snatched away), Nachum 3:1.

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פָּרַר

vb.

break, frustrate (NH Pi. crumble; J.Aram פְּרַר; Assyrian parâru, destroy; ii. shatter; Liḥy. והפרו destroy, DHM^{Epigr. Denkm., No. 21, 7});—Pf. 3 ms. הֵפֵר Yeshaya 33:8 +, הֵפַ֑ר Breishis 17:14 Bamidbar 15:31; also metaplastic form הֵפִיר Yechezkel 17:19 Tehillim 33:10 (Ges^{§ 67 v}); 2 ms. וְהֵפַרְתָּ֫ה Shmuel Beis 15:34, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָפֵר Bamidbar 30:13 +, וַיָּ֫פֶר Nechemia 4:9, etc.; also 1 s. אָפִיר Tehillim 89:34 (Ges^l.c.); Imv. ms. הָפֵר Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:3 Tehillim 85:5, הָפֵ֫רָה Melachim Alef 15:19; Inf. abs>. הָפֵר Mishlei 15:22 +; cstr. לְהָפֵר Shmuel Beis 17:14 +, לְהָפֵיר Zecharia 11:10, sf. לְהַפְרְכֶם Vayikra 26:15 (Ges^{§ 67 dd}); Pt. מֵפֵר Yeshaya 44:25 Iyov 5:12;—

break, violate, especially c. acc. בְּרִית:

of י׳ Shoftim 2:1 Yirmiya 14:21 Vayikra 26:44 Zecharia 11:10.

of men violating covenant with י׳ Yirmiya 11:10; Yirmiya 31:32 Devarim 31:16, Devarim 31:20 Vayikra 26:15 Yechezkel 44:7 Breishis 17:14 Yeshaya 24:5, Yirmiya 33:20 Yechezkel 16:59.

of men breaking compact, league (with men), Yeshaya 33:8 Melachim Alef 15:19 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:3, Yechezkel 17:15, Yechezkel 17:16, Yechezkel 17:18, Yechezkel 17:19.

of destroying the אַחֲוָה between Judah and Israel Zecharia 11:14.

of breaking י׳’s מִצְוָה Bamidbar 15:31 Ezra 9:14, תּוֹרָה Tehillim 119:126.

frustrate, make ineffectual:

counsel (עֵצָה) Shmuel Beis 15:34; Shmuel Beis 17:14 Ezra 4:5; י׳ subj. Nechemia 4:9 Tehillim 33:10; of man frustrating י׳’s counsel Yeshaya 14:27, so, c. acc. מִשְׁפָּט Iyov 40:8; c. acc. מַחֲשָׁבוֹת in gen., of men Mishlei 15:22, י׳ subj. Iyov 5:12, so, c. acc. אֹתוֹת Yeshaya 44:25.

make vow (נֶדֶר) ineffectual, annul it Bamidbar 30:9, Bamidbar 30:14 (opp. הֵקִים), v Bamidbar 30:13, also (Impf. + Inf. abs.) v Bamidbar 30:13, Bamidbar 30:16.

of annulling (godly) fear Iyov 15:4; חַסְדִּי לֹא אָפִיר מֵעִמּוֹ Tehillim 89:34 read prob. אָסִיר Ol Che Bae al.; הָפֵר בַּעַסְךָ Tehillim 85:4 (read הָסֵר 𝔊 Bi Che).

וְתָפֵר הָאֲבִיּוֹנָה Koheles 12:5 is dub.: De Wild al. fails (to excite [?<וְתֻפַר Hoph. is made ineffectual]); Ew bursts (Siegf וְתֻפַר); but caper-berry not dehiscent (Post^{Flora of Syriac 106 ff.} M’Lean-Dyer^{Ency. Bib. 696}); Post^{Letter, July 28, 1901} breaks up (by shrivelling), fig. of failing sexual power; Aq from פרה bear fruit (cf. GFM^{JBL x (1891), 60}); Perles^{Anal. 30} וְתִפְרַח.

Impf.

be frustrated, 3 fs. וְתֻפָ֑ר Yeshaya 8:10 (of עֵצָה).

be broken, of covenant, 3 fs. תֻּפַר Yirmiya 33:21; וַתֻּפַר Zecharia 11:11; so Yeshaya 28:18 (read וְתֻפַר for וְכֻפַּר, v. כ׳). Phip. Impf. 3 ms. sf. וַיְפַרְפְּרֵנִי Iyov 16:12 he hath shattered me.

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פָּרַר²

vb. split, divide (so Tehillim 74:13 seems to require [but √ פור SS is possible], cf. Arabic فَرْفَرَ split, tear, rend; perhaps = I.; > Buhl^Lex. shake, quake, citing Arabic فَرْفَرَ shake, Aramaic אִתְפַּרְפַּר, ܦܰܪܦܰܪ, cf. NH פִּרְפֵּר);—

Inf. abs. + Hithpōʿ. Pf. 3 fs. פּוֹר הִתְפּוֹרְרָה אֶרֶץ Yeshaya 24:19 split or cracked through is the earth (Che^{Heb. Hpt..} פרוק התפרקה). Pōʿ. Pf. 2 ms. פּוֹרַרְתָּ Tehillim 74:13 thou [י׳] didst divide the sea.

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פרר

(√ of foll.; cf. NH פַּר, פָּרָה = BH; Arabic فُرَارٌ young of ewe, cow, or goat; Syriac ܦܰܪܬܳܐ ewe (cf. Nö^{ZMG xi (1886), 734}), and so Assyrian parru, according to Jen and Zim^{ZA iii. 202}).

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פַּר²

n.m. Breishis 32:16 young bull, steer;—abs. פ׳ Bamidbar 7:15 +, פָּ֑ר Tehillim 50:9, always הַפָּר Shmuel Alef 1:25 +; cstr. פַּר (הַ)חַטָּאת Shemos 29:36 +; pl. פָּרִים Breishis 32:16 +; sf. פָּרֶיהָ Yirmiya 50:27;—steer [v. especially פַּר בֶּן־בָּקָר Vayikra 4:3 + 6 times; פ׳ אֶחָד ב׳־ב׳ Shemos 29:1 + 12 times Bamidbar 7, cf. Bamidbar 8:8; פ׳ ב׳־ב׳ אֶחָד Bamidbar 15:24 + 3 times, cf. Yechezkel 43:23; Yechezkel 45:18; Yechezkel 46:6; pl. פָּרִים בְּנֵי־ב׳ Bamidbar 28:11 + 4 times; v. בֵּן, בָּקָר]:

as gift Breishis 32:16 (E); fig. of fierce enemies Tehillim 22:18.

elsewhere as sacrifical victims:

in peace-offering Shemos 24:5 (E; Covenant Code), Shmuel Alef 1:24 (read פַּר for פָּרִים 𝔊 𝔖 Th We Dr al.), v Shmuel Alef 1:25 Bamidbar 7:88 (P), Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:24^(×2).

burnt-offering Shoftim 6:25^(×2) (on text cf. GFM), v Shoftim 6:26, Shoftim 6:28 Melachim Alef 18:23^(×3), Melachim Alef 18:25, Melachim Alef 18:26, Melachim Alef 18:33; Yechezkel 43:23 + 5 times Ez, Bamidbar 7:15, Bamidbar 7:21 + 46 times Nu (P), Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:26; Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:21 Ezra 8:35 Iyov 42:8 Tehillim 50:9; Tehillim 51:21; Vayikra 23:18 (gloss, Dr-Wh).

sin-offering Yechezkel 43:19 + 5 times Ez, Shemos 29:1, Shemos 29:3, Shemos 29:10^(×2), Shemos 29:11, Shemos 29:12, Shemos 29:14, Shemos 29:36 cf. Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:9; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:21, Vayikra 4:3, Vayikra 4:4^(×3) + 25 times Lv (P), Bamidbar 8:8;—both b. and c. Bamidbar 8:12.

more gen. Yeshaya 1:11 Tehillim 69:32.

fig. פָּרִים שְׂפָתֵינוּ Hoshea 14:3 we will pay (as with) bullocks, our lips, but read פְּרִי 𝔊 We Now, cf. Che.

of princes and warriors slain by י׳, under fig. of sacrifice Yeshaya 34:7; Yirmiya 50:27; Yechezkel 39:18.

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פָּרָה³

n.f. heifer, cow;—abs. פ׳ Yeshaya 11:7 +; sf. פָּרָתוֹ Iyov 21:10; pl. פָּרוֹת Breishis 32:16 +, פָּרֹת Breishis 41:26; cstr. פָּרוֹת Amos 4:1;—as gift Breishis 32:16; in Pharaoh’s dream Breishis 41:2, Breishis 41:3^(×2) + 8 times Breishis 41:41; drawing cart Shmuel Alef 6:7, Shmuel Alef 6:12, Shmuel Alef 6:14 + פ׳ עָלוֹת v Shmuel Alef 6:7, Shmuel Alef 6:10 cows giving suck, milch cows; פ׳ calving Iyov 21:10, grazing Yeshaya 11:7; פ׳ אֲדֻמָּה red heifer Bamidbar 19:2, cf. v Bamidbar 19:5, Bamidbar 19:6, Bamidbar 19:9, Bamidbar 19:10; sim. of stubbornness Hoshea 4:16; פָּרוֹת הַבָּשָׁן Amos 4:1, fig. of luxurious women.

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פָּרָה⁴

n.pr.loc. in Benj., הַפּ׳ Yehoshua 18:23, Φαρα, Αφρα.

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פָּרַשׂ

vb. spread out, spread (NH id.; Arabic فَرَشَ; 𝔗 פְּרַס (rare), Syriac ܦܪܰܣ; cf. Assyrian parašu, fly (der. spec.; proposes spread [wings]); v. also Nö^{ZA i. 417});—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Eicha 1:10 +; 2 ms. וּפָרַשְׂתָּ֫ Iyov 11:13; Rus 3:9, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְרשֹׁ Devarim 32:11 +; 3 fs. וַתִּפְרשֹׁ Shmuel Beis 17:19, etc.; Pt. act. פּוֹרֵשׂ Mishlei 29:5, etc.; pass. פָּרֻשׂ Yoel 2:2; fs. פְּרוּשָׂה Hoshea 5:1; pl. פְּרֻשׂוֹת Melachim Alef 8:54;—

spread out a garment (שִׂמְלָה) Shoftim 8:25, + לִפְנֵי pers. Devarim 22:17;—wings Devarim 32:11; Melachim Alef 6:27 (read כַּנְפֵיהֶם 𝔊 Sta Kmp Kit Benz), + עַל Yirmiya 49:22 (fig.), + אֶל Yirmiya 48:40 Melachim Alef 8:7 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:8 (עַל), + ל Iyov 39:26, לְמַעְלָה Shemos 25:20; Shemos 37:9; wings om. Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:18 and perhaps Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:13 (del. כַּנְפֵי Be); of י׳, פ׳ עָלָיו אוֹרוֹ Iyov 36:30; spread out writing, לִפְנֵי pers. Melachim Beis 19:14 = Yeshaya 37:14, Yechezkel 2:10; sail Yeshaya 33:23; fishing-net, מִכְמֶרֶת Yeshaya 19:8 (עַל loc.); net (רֶשֶׁת) as snare, fig. Hoshea 5:1 (עַל loc.), Tehillim 140:6, לְרַגְלַי Eicha 1:13, c. עַל pers. Hoshea 7:12 (of י׳), Yechezkel 12:13 = Yechezkel 17:20, Yechezkel 19:8; Yechezkel 32:3, עַל־פְּעָמָיו Mishlei 29:5; פ׳ כַּפַּיִם in prayer, + אֶל Shemos 9:29,Shemos 9:33 (J), Melachim Alef 8:38 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:29, Ezra 9:5; Iyov 11:13, + ל Tehillim 44:21, + הַשָּׁמַיִם Melachim Alef 8:22 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:13 (הַשָּׁמָ֑יְמָה), Melachim Alef 8:54, no complem. Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:12; of almsgiving, כַּפָּהּ פָּֽרְשָׂה לֶעָנִי Mishlei 31:20; פ׳ יַד, c. עַל rei, Eicha 1:10 of enemy’s greed (si vera l., v. Bu); spread out = display וּכְסִיל יִפְרשֹׁ אִוֶּלֶת Mishlei 13:16.

spread covering over Shmuel Beis 17:19 (מָסָךְ + עַל־פְּנֵי rei), הַמַּכְבֵּר over (עַל) face of another Melachim Beis 8:15, כָּנָף skirt, עַל pers. Rus 3:9 Yechezkel 16:8 (fig. of י׳); בֶּגֶד c. עַל rei Bamidbar 4:7,Bamidbar 4:8,Bamidbar 4:11,Bamidbar 4:13, c. מִלְמָ֑עְלָה v Bamidbar 4:6; כְּסוּי c. עַל rei v Bamidbar 4:14; אֶת־הָאֹהֶל, c. עַל־הַמִּשְׁכָּן Shemos 40:19; שַׁחַר פָּרֻשׂ עַל־הֶהָרִים Yoel 2:2; of י׳, פ׳ עָנָן לְמָסָךְ Tehillim 105:39.—Micha 3:3 Eicha 4:4 v. פָּרַס.

Impf. 3 mpl. יִכָרְ֑שׂזּ Yechezkel 17:21 they shall be scattered לְכָל־רוּחַ; Yechezkel 34:12 read prob. Pt. צֹאן נִפְרָשׂוֹת (for -שׂוֹת, Hä Krae; on emend. of context v. especially Toy Krae).

Pf. 3 ms. consec. וּפֵרַשׂ Yeshaya 25:11, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְפָרֵשׂ v Yeshaya 25:11, 3 fs. תְּפָרֵשׂ Yirmiya 4:31; Inf. cstr. פָּרֵשׂ Tehillim 68:15, sf. פָּרִשְׂכֶם Yeshaya 1:15;—

spread out:

c. acc. כַּפַּיִם in prayer Yeshaya 1:15; Yirmiya 4:31, so c. יָדַיִם Tehillim 143:6 (אֶל־י׳), and of י׳ entreating people Yeshaya 65:2 (אֶל); פ׳ צִיּוֹן בְּיָדֶיהָ Eicha 1:17.

spread out hands as in swimming Yeshaya 25:11, and (יָדַיִם om.) v Yeshaya 25:11.

= scatter, (?) subj. י׳, c. acc. pers. Zecharia 2:10 (𝔊 We Now קִבַּצְתִּי מִן, yet v. GASm); Tehillim 68:15, in doubtful connexion.

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פַּרְשֵׂז

(Baer, -שֵׁז van d. H. Gi), Inf. abs. Piʿlēl (Ges^{§ 56}) from פָּרַשׂ (si vera l.), פ׳ עָלָיו עֲנָנוֹ Iyov 26:9 a spreading his cloud upon it (but Bu Du al. read פֹּרֵשׂ, פָּרַשׂ, or פָרשֹׁ).

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פָּרַשׁ

vb. make distinct, declare (NH separate oneself, Pi. separate, explain, so Aramaic פְּרַשׁ, especially Pa.; Syriac ܦܪܰܫ separate, distinguish, explain, cf. Mand., Nö^{M 221});—

Inf. cstr. לִפְרשׁ לָהֶם עַל־פִּי י׳ Vayikra 24:12 (P) to declare distinctly to them.

Pt. נִפְרָשׁוֹת Yechezkel 34:12 read prob. -שׂוֹת, v. פרשׂ.

Pf. 3 ms. פֹּרַשׁ Bamidbar 15:34 (P) what should be done to him had not been distinctly declared; Pt. מְפֹרָשׁ Nechemia 8:8 made distinct (cf. Biblical Aramaic Ezra 4:18), v. BeRy Kö^{Einl. 99}, > interpreted, Ke al., Berliner^{T. Onk.ii. 74}.

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פָּרַשׁ²

vb.

pierce, sting (?) (cf. Assyrian paruššu, staff (which pierces); Aramaic פרשׁא, ܦܪܳܫܳܐ (in Lexx) ox-goad);—Impf. 3 ms. יַפְרִשׁ Mishlei 23:32 (כְּצִפְעֹנִי, ‖ כְּנָחָשׁ יִשָּׁ֑ךְ), of wine.

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פֶּ֫רֶשׁ

n.pr.m. Manassite Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:16, A 𝔊L Φαρες.

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פָּרָשׁ

horse, steed (less common synon. of סוּס (> explained away by Schwally^{ZAW viii (1888), 191}); Arabic فَرَسٌ horse, mare (often), so Ethiopic ፈረስ, cf. Sab. פרס horse, Mordtm^{Him. Inschr. 70});—pl. פָּרָשִׁים (erron. for פְּרָשִׁים Kö^{ii, 1, 89}) Yechezkel 27:14 +, sf. פָּרָשָׁיו Yeshaya 28:28 Shmuel Alef 8:11;—steeds Yechezkel 27:14 (+ סוּסִים, פְּרָדִים), from Togarmah; sim. of swiftness Yoel 2:4 (‖ סוּסִים); prob. also Yeshaya 28:28 Yirmiya 46:4 (‖ סוּסִים, cf. Gf Gie), and perhaps וְשָׂם לוֹ בְּמֶרְכַבְתּוֹ וּבְפָרָשָׁיו וְרָצוּ וגו׳ Shmuel Alef 8:11 (kg. subj.).

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פָּרָשׁ²

n.m. ^{Nachum 3:3} horseman (i.e. parrâš, cf. Ges^{§ 84 b b}; Arabic فَارِسٌ; Ethiopic ፈረስ; Aramaic פָּרָשׁ, ܦܰܪܳܫܳܐ );—abs. פ׳ Nachum 3:3 Yirmiya 4:29, also פָּרַשׁ Yechezkel 26:10 (as if cstr. Kö^{Synt. § 337 s}); pl. פָּרָשָׁים Breishis 50:9 +; sf. פָּרָשָׁיו Shemos 14:9 +;—horseman, usually pl., especially + רֶכֶב chariotry: Egyptian Breishis 50:9 (J), Yehoshua 24:6 (E), Shemos 14:9,Shemos 14:17,Shemos 14:18,Shemos 14:23,Shemos 14:26,Shemos 14:28 (all P), Shemos 15:19 (song), Yeshaya 31:1; Melachim Beis 18:34 = Yeshaya 36:9, Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:3 cf. Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:8; Philistine Shmuel Alef 13:5; Shmuel Beis 1:6 (del. בַּעֲלֵי 𝔊 We Dr Bu HPS); Aramæan Shmuel Beis 10:18 (but read prob. אִישׁ, cf. ‖ Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:18, We Dr al.), and (+ אִישׁ רַגְלִי) Shmuel Beis 8:4 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:4, cf. Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:6; also עַל־סוּס וּפָרָשִׁים Melachim Alef 20:20 (si vera l.); Isr., of Adonijah Melachim Alef 1:5 (+ רֶכֶב, חֲמִשִּׁים אִישׁ רָצִים); Solomon + רֶכֶב Melachim Alef 9:19, Melachim Alef 9:22; Melachim Alef 10:26^(×2) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 8:6, Divrei HaYamim Beis 8:9; Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:14^(×2), prob. also Melachim Alef 5:6 (+ סוּסִים לְמֶרְכָּבוֹ) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:25 (+ סוּסִים ומֶרְכָּבוֹת); Jehoahaz Melachim Beis 13:7 (+ רַגְלִי); + רֶכֶב, fig. of Elijah Melachim Beis 2:12, of Elisha Melachim Beis 13:14; + סוּסִים Hoshea 1:7; Assyrian Yeshaya 22:6, Yeshaya 22:7 (+ רֶכֶב), cf. Nachum 3:3, פ׳ רֹכְבֵי סוּסִים Yechezkel 23:6, Yechezkel 23:12; Babylonian Chavakuk 1:8^(×2) Yirmiya 4:29 (+ רֹמֵה קֶשֶׁת), Yechezkel 26:7 (+ סוּס, רֶכֶב), v Yechezkel 26:10 (+ גַּלְגַּל וָרֶכֶב), Scythian (Gog) Yechezkel 38:4 (+ סוּסִים); Persian Yeshaya 21:7, Yeshaya 21:9 (צֶמֶד פ׳), Nechemia 2:9 Ezra 8:22; of king of north Daniel 11:40 (+ רֶכֶב).

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פַּרְשֶׁ֫גֶן

n.m. copy (loan-word from Persian through Aramaic, v. Biblical Aramaic);—cstr. פ׳ הַנִּשְׁתְּוָן Ezra 7:11, cf. פַּתְשֶׁגֶן.

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פַּרְשַׁנְדָּתָא

n.pr.m. a son of Haman Esther 9:7, Φαρσαν και Νεσταιν, Φαρσανεσταν, etc.

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פְּרָת

n.pr. flum. Euphrates, Ευφρατης (Assyrian Purattu Dl^{Pa 169 ff.}, whence OPers. Ufrâtu, Spieg^{APK 211});—the greatest river of W. Asia; פ׳ Breishis 2:14, נְהַר פ׳ Breishis 15:18 (both secondary phrases in J), נְהַר פ׳ also Shmuel Beis 8:3 (Qr, v. נָהָר), Yirmiya 46:2, Yirmiya 46:6, Yirmiya 46:10 Devarim 1:7; Devarim 11:24; Yehoshua 1:4 (D), Melachim Beis 23:29; Melachim Beis 24:7; Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:9; Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:3; נהר om. Yirmiya 13:4, Yirmiya 13:5, Yirmiya 13:6, Yirmiya 13:7 (where Ew Hi Marti, after Schick^{ZPV iii. 11}, think of some other פְּרָת, but Gf Gie and most defend Euphrates), Yirmiya 51:63 Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:20 (cf. Breishis 2:14 supr.); name not certainly attested before D Je; on earlier הַנָּהָר for this river v. נ׳.

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פָּשָׂה

vb. spread, intrans. (NH פָּסָה id.; Arabic فَشَا (فشو) be divulged, spread, be extensive);—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Vayikra 13:5 +, 3 fs. פָּֽשְׂתָה v Vayikra 13:8, פָּשָׂ֑תָה v Vayikra 13:23; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְשֶׂה v Vayikra 13:35, 3 fs. תִּפְשֶׂה v Vayikra 13:7 +; Inf. abs. פָּשׂה v Vayikra 13:7 +;—only Vayikra 13, Vayikra 14, of leprosy and like eruptions: c. בָּעוֹר, בַּבֶּגֶד, etc., Vayikra 13:5 + 7 times Vayikra 13:13, Vayikra 14:39, Vayikra 14:44, Vayikra 13:48 + בָּעוֹר פָּשׂה יִפְשֶׂה (תִּפ׳) Vayikra 13:7, Vayikra 13:22, Vayikra 13:27, Vayikra 13:35; abs. v Vayikra 13:23, Vayikra 13:32, Vayikra 13:55.

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פָּשַׂק

vb. part, open wide (NH פָּסַק, Aramaic פְּסַק, ܦܣܰܩ, all cut, sever, cleave);—

Pt. פֹּשֵׂק שְׂפָתָיו Mishlei 13:3 i.e. one talkative.

Impf. 2 fs. וַתְּפַשְּׂקִי אֶת־רַגְלַיִךְ Yechezkel 16:25 (c. ל pers.; sensu obsc.).

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פַּשְׁחוּר

n.pr.m. Πασχωρ, Φα(δυ)σσουρ, etc.:

Yirmiya 20:1, Yirmiya 20:2, Yirmiya 20:3^(×2), Yirmiya 20:6.

Yirmiya 21:1; Yirmiya 38:1; Nechemia 11:12, cf. Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:12.

Nechemia 10:4.

father of one Gedaliah Yirmiya 38:1.

head of post-exil. family Ezra 2:8 = Nechemia 7:40; Ezra 10:22. cf. Mey^{Entstehung 169 f.}.

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פָּשַׁט

vb. strip off, make a dash, raid (cf. Assyrian pašâṭu, expunge, obliterate; NH פָּשַׁט, Aramaic פְּשַׁט, ܦܫܰܛ, are stretch out, extend, make plain, so Arabic بَسَطَ );—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Hoshea 7:1 +, 2 ms. וּפָשַׁטְתָּ֫ Shoftim 9:33, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִפְשַׁט Shmuel Alef 19:24; 3 mpl. יִפְשֹׁ֑טוּ Yechezkel 26:1, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּשֹׁ֫טָה Yeshaya 32:11; Pt. pl. פֹּשְׁטִים Nechemia 4:17;—

strip off, put off, one’s garment (acc.) Shmuel Alef 19:24; Yechezkel 26:16; Yechezkel 44:19; Vayikra 6:4 (opp. לָבַשׁ, Vayikra 16:23 (id.; both P), Nechemia 4:17; Shir HaShirim 5:3; acc. om. Yeshaya 32:11; of locusts Nachum 3:16 stripping off (sheaths of wings, cf. Da Dr^{Am 85}).

put off (one’s shelter), i.e. make a dash (from a sheltered place), c. אֶל Shoftim 20:37, abs. Shoftim 9:44; especially of marauding foray, Hoshea 7:1, c. עַל against Shoftim 9:33, Shoftim 9:44; Shmuel Alef 23:27; Shmuel Alef 30:14 (ins. עַל cf. 𝔊 We Dr al.), Iyov 1:17, c. אֶל Shmuel Alef 27:8; Shmuel Alef 30:1, c. בְּ Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:9, Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:18; in Shmuel Alef 27:10 read אָן (for אַל־), We Dr al.

Inf. cstr. לְפַשֵּׁט, c. acc. pers. Shmuel Alef 31:8 to strip the slain = Divrei HaYamim Alef 10:8; abs. only to strip (sc. the slain) Shmuel Beis 23:10 (ins. also ‖ Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:13 Dr).

Pf. 3 ms. הִפְשִׁיט Iyov 19:9; 3 mpl. sf. וְהִפְשִׁיטוּךְ Yechezkel 23:26, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּפְשֵׁט Bamidbar 20:28; 1 s. sf. אַפְשִׁיטֶנָּה Hoshea 2:5; 2 mpl. תַּפְשִׁט֑וּן Micha 2:8, etc.; Imv. הַפְשֵׁט Bamidbar 20:26; Inf. cstr. הַפְשִׁיט Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:34; Pt. pl. מַפְשִׁיטִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:11;—

strip one of garment (2 acc.) Breishis 37:23 (E), Bamidbar 20:26, Bamidbar 20:28 (opp. הִלְבִּישׁ), Yechezkel 16:39; Yechezkel 23:26; c. acc. pers. alone Divrei HaYamim Alef 10:9; Hoshea 2:5 strip her (sf.) naked (עֲרֻמָּה).

strip off, acc. כֵּלָיו Shmuel Alef 31:9, clothing Iyov 22:6; c. acc. אֶדֶר + מִמּוּל Micha 2:8; c. acc. עוֹר + מֵעַל Micha 3:3, cf. (acc. כְּבוֹדִי) Iyov 19:9.

flay, c. acc. הָעֹלָה Vayikra 1:6; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:34; acc. om. Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:11.

Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְפַּשֵּׁט Shmuel Alef 18:4 he stripped himself of his garment (acc.).

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פָּשַׁע

vb. rebel, transgress (NH id.; Syriac ܦܫܰܥ is be terrified, ܦܫܺܝܥܳܐ tepid, insipid);—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Melachim Beis 3:7 +, 2 fs. פָּשַׁ֫עַתְּ Tzefania 3:11; פָּשָׁ֑עַתְּ Yirmiya 3:13, etc.; Impf. יִפְשַׁע Mishlei 28:21 + 8 times Impf.; Imv. mpl. פִּשְׁעוּ Amos 4:4; Inf. abs. פָּשֹׁעַ Yeshaya 59:13; cstr. פְּשֹׁעַ Amos 4:4; Yechezkel 10:13; Pt. פֹּשֵׁעַ Yeshaya 48:8; פֹּשְׁעִים Yeshaya 1:28 +, etc.;—

rebel, revolt, of nations, c. בְּ against, Melachim Alef 12:19; Melachim Beis 1:1; Melachim Beis 3:5, Melachim Beis 3:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 10:19; abs. Melachim Beis 8:22, מִתַּחַת יַד v Melachim Beis 8:20, Melachim Beis 8:22 Divrei HaYamim Beis 21:8, Divrei HaYamim Beis 21:10^(×2); פָּֽשְׁעוּ בִי Yeshaya 1:2 (Isr. under fig. of י׳’s sons).

transgress against God, abs. Yeshaya 1:28; Yeshaya 46:8; Yeshaya 48:8; Yeshaya 53:12^(×2) Hoshea 14:10; Amos 4:4^(×2); Eicha 3:42 Daniel 8:23 Tehillim 37:38; Tehillim 51:15, for (עַל) a bit of bread Mishlei 28:21; בַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה Ezra 10:13 in this thing; עַל תּוֹרָתִי Hoshea 8:1; elsewhere c. בְּ against God: פ׳ ב׳ Yeshaya 43:27; Yeshaya 59:13; Yeshaya 66:24; Yirmiya 2:8, Yirmiya 2:29; Yirmiya 3:13; Yirmiya 33:8; Yechezkel 2:3; Yechezkel 20:38; Hoshea 7:13; פְּשָׁעִים אשׁר פ׳ ב Melachim Alef 8:50; Yechezkel 18:31; עלילות אשׁר פ׳ ב Tzefania 3:11.

Pf. 3 ms. אָח נִפְשַׁע (van d. H. Pt. נִפְשָׁע) a brother (who has been) offended Mishlei 18:19, but very dubious, cf. Toy.

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פֶּ֫שַׁע

n.m. Tehillim 19:14 transgression;—abs. פ׳ Shemos 22:8 +, פָּ֑שַׁע Mishlei 10:19 +; cstr. פֶּשַׁע Breishis 50:17 +; sf. פִּשְׁעִי Breishis 31:36 + 14 times sfs.; pl. פְּשָׁעִים Mishlei 10:12; cstr. פִּשְׁעֵי Amos 1:3 +, etc.;—

transgression against individuals Breishis 31:36; Breishis 50:17^(×2); Shemos 22:8 (E), Shmuel Alef 24:12; Shmuel Alef 25:28; Mishlei 10:19; Mishlei 17:19; Mishlei 28:24; Mishlei 29:6, Mishlei 29:16, Mishlei 29:22; פ׳ שְׂפָתַיִם Mishlei 12:13; על כל־פשׁעים תְּכַסֶּה אַהֲבָה Mishlei 10:12, cf. Mishlei 17:9; Mishlei 19:11; Mishlei 28:13.

of nation, against nation: Amos 1:3, Amos 1:6, Amos 1:9, Amos 1:11, Amos 1:13; Amos 2:1; of land Mishlei 28:2. Elsewh.

against God:

in gen., ‖ חטאת Yeshaya 58:1; Yeshaya 59:12; Micha 1:5^(×2), Micha 1:13; Micha 3:8 Amos 5:12; ‖ עון Yechezkel 21:29 Tehillim 107:17; עשׂה פ׳ Yechezkel 18:22, Yechezkel 18:28; ביום פ׳ Yechezkel 33:12; רַבּוּ פ׳ Yeshaya 59:12; Iyov 35:6; Yirmiya 5:6 (?); יֹסִיף על חטאתו פ׳ Iyov 34:37 he addeth transgression unto his sin; יִלְדֵי פ׳ Yeshaya 57:4; personified as evil spirit, נאם פשׁע Tehillim 36:2.

as recognized by by sinner; he knows it Tehillim 51:5, make known concerning it to י׳ Tehillim 32:5, does not cover it (כסה) Iyov 31:33; turns from it Yeshaya 59:20 Yechezkel 18:30; casts it away from him Yechezkel 18:31.

God deals with it: by visiting it (פקד) Amos 3:14 Tehillim 89:33, dealing with one according to it, עשׂה כ Yechezkel 39:24, making it known to sinner Iyov 13:23; Iyov 36:9; punishing in various ways: מִפּ׳ because of it Yeshaya 53:5, Yeshaya 53:8; c. על, according to it Amos 2:4, Amos 2:6 Eicha 1:5, Eicha 1:22; for it, c. ב Yeshaya 50:1; עֹל פ׳ Eicha 1:14 yoke of transgression; personified, וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם בְּיַד פ׳ Iyov 8:4; he does not grant forgiveness to it, לֹא נשׂא ל׳ Shemos 23:21 Yehoshua 24:19 (E).

God forgives (נשׂא) it Shemos 34:7 Bamidbar 14:18 (J), Iyov 7:21, cf. Tehillim 32:1; pardons (סלח) Melachim Alef 8:50; passes over (עבר על, cf. Mishlei 19:11) Micha 7:18; removes (הרחיק) Tehillim 103:12; covers over (כפר) Tehillim 65:4;—cf. (of priest) וְכִפֶּר עַל־הַקֹּדֶשׁ מִפ׳ Vayikra 16:16, and confession of פ׳ over (על) goat v Vayikra 16:21;—God blots out (מחה) Yeshaya 43:25; Yeshaya 44:22 Tehillim 51:3; וּפ׳ אַל־תִּזְכֹּר Tehillim 25:7; delivers from, הציל מן Tehillim 39:9.—Iyov 35:15 read פֶּשַׁע for פַשׁ q.v.

guilt of transgression (cf. עון 2), בְּלִי פ׳ without (guilt of) transgression Iyov 33:9; Iyov 34:6; לא פ׳ Tehillim 59:4; פ׳ עלינו Yechezkel 33:10; כבד עליה פ׳ Yeshaya 24:20; בְּרֹב פ׳ Tehillim 5:11; נקיתי מפ׳ Tehillim 19:14; יִטַּמְּאוּ בְּכָל־פ׳ defile themselves with all (the guilt of) their transgressions Yechezkel 14:11; Yechezkel 37:23; חָתֻם בִּצְרוֹר פ׳ Iyov 14:17.

punishment for transgression, Daniel 8:12, Daniel 8:13; Daniel 9:24, cf. עון 3.

offering for transgression, האתן בכורי פשׁעי Micha 6:7 shall I give my first-born as an offering for my transgression (cf. חטאת 4).

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פֵּ֫שֶׁר

n.[m.] solution, interpretation (loan-word from Aramaic פִּשְׁרָא);—cstr. פ׳ Koheles 8:1.

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פַּת

v. פתת.

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פִּתְאֹם

v. פֶּתַע.

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פִּתְגָּם

n.m. edict, decree (Pers. loan-wd., OPers. patigâma, word, command, Biblical Aramaic = BH);—cstr. פ׳ הַמֶּלֶךְ Esther 1:20; c. genit. obj. פ׳ מַעֲשֵׂה הָרָעָה Koheles 8:11 (appar. f., cf. De; but Hi Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 115} read נַעֲשֶׂה for נַעֲשָׂה).

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פָּתָה

vb. be spacious, wide, open (Aramaic פְּתָא be spacious, ܦܬܳܐ be spacious, abundant; cf. Arabic فَتُوَ, فَتِىَ, be youthful, in prime of life, فَتًى young man, one in prime of life (development of various meanings from √ not wholly clear, cf. Nö^{ZMG xi (1886). 735}));—

Pt. פֹּתֶה Mishlei 20:19 poss. one open as to lips, but v. פָּתָה denom. infr.

Impf. 3 ms. juss. יַפְתְּ א׳ לְיֶפֶת Breishis 9:27 may God make wide for Japhet (give him an extensive inheritance).—Pf. poss. Mishlei 24:28 (reading וְהִפְתִּיתָ בִּשְׂפָתֶ֑יךָ; make wide with (open wide) thy lips, for MT וַהֲפִתִּיתָ בִּשׂ׳, so SS; but cf. פָּתָה denom. Pi.).

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פֶּ֫תִי

[for פָּתַי Lag^{BN 52} Ba^{ZMG xiii (1888), 353; NB 320}] adj. simple, poss. as open-minded;—פֶּ֫תִי Mishlei 9:4 +, פֶּ֑תִי Tehillim 19:8 +; pl. פְּתָאיִם (Ges§ ^{93 x}) Tehillim 116:6 + 6 times Pr; פְּתָיִים Tehillim 119:130 Mishlei 22:3; פְּתָיִם Mishlei 1:22, Mishlei 1:32;—simple, as subst. concr.: open to the instruction of wisdom or folly, Mishlei 9:4, Mishlei 9:16; believing every word Mishlei 14:15; lacking עָרְמָה Mishlei 1:4; Mishlei 8:5; Mishlei 19:25; needing בין Tehillim 119:130, חכמה Tehillim 19:8 Mishlei 21:11; in good sense, שׁנר פתאים י׳ Tehillim 116:6 י׳ preserveth the simple-minded; but usually tendency to bad sense; פתאים love פתי Mishlei 1:22; inherit אִוֶּלֶת Mishlei 14:18, are easily enticed, misled and go back Mishlei 1:32; Mishlei 7:7; Mishlei 9:6; Mishlei 22:3 = Mishlei 27:12; causing temple to need atonement Yechezkel 45:20 (‖ שׁגה).

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פְּתַיּוּת

n.f. id. Mishlei 9:13 (Toy conj. מְפַּתָּה).

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פָּתָה²

vb. denom. be simple (NH Pi. entice);—

Impf. 3 ms. יִפְתֶּה Devarim 11:16; וַיִּפְתְּ Iyov 31:27; Pt. פֹּתֶה Iyov 5:2 Mishlei 20:19; f. פּוֹתֶה Hoshea 7:11;—

be open-minded(?), simple Iyov 5:2; יוֹנָה פוֹתָה Hoshea 7:11 silly dove; פֹּתֶה שְׂפָתָיו Mishlei 20:19 one foolish as to his lips (most, openeth wide his lips).

be enticed deceived Devarim 11:16 Iyov 31:27.

Pf. 3 ms. נִפְתָּה Iyov 31:9; Impf. 1 s. וָאֶפָּת Yirmiya 20:7;—be deceived Yirmiya 20:7; c. עַל enticed unto Iyov 31:9.

Pf. 2 ms. פִּתִּיתָ Mishlei 24:28; sf. פִּתִּיתַנִי Yirmiya 20:7; 1 s. פִּתֵּיתִי Yechezkel 14:9; Impf. 3 ms. יְפַתֶּה Shemos 22:15 +, etc.; Imv. פַּתִּי Shoftim 14:15; Shoftim 16:5; Inf. cstr. sf. פַּתֹּתְךָ Shmuel Beis 3:25; Pt. sf. מְפַתֶּיהָ (Ges^{§ 93 ss}) Hoshea 2:15;—

persuade, woman Hoshea 2:16 (fig., י׳ subj.), seduce, virgin Shemos 22:15; entice, husband Shoftim 14:15; Shoftim 16:5; a man to sin Mishlei 1:10; Mishlei 16:29.

deceive, Shmuel Beis 3:25 Mishlei 24:28 (yet cf. √ Hiph. supr.); subj. י׳, obj. proph., Yirmiya 20:7; Yechezkel 14:9, cf. Melachim Alef 22:20, Melachim Alef 22:21, Melachim Alef 22:22 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:19, Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:20, Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:21; obj. י׳, Tehillim 78:36.

Impf. 3 ms. יְפֻתֶּה:

be persuaded, Mishlei 25:15.

be deceived, Yirmiya 20:7, Yirmiya 20:10 be beguiled by י׳, Yechezkel 14:9.

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פְּתוּאֵל

n.pr.m. father of prophet Joel Yoel 1:1 (𝔊 Βαθουηλ, i.e. בְּתוּאֵל).

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פָּתַח

vb. open (NH id.; Ph. פתח; Assyrian pitû, patû; Sab. פתח Os^{ZMG xix (1865), 197}; Arabic فَتَحَ; Ethiopic ፈትሐ;; Aramaic פְּתַח, ܦܬܰܚ; Nab. Palm. פתח);—

Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Melachim Beis 15:16 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְתַּח Shemos 21:33 +; 3 mpl. sf. יִפְתָּחוּם Nechemia 13:19, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּתַח Melachim Beis 13:17 +; fs. פִּתְחִי Shir HaShirim 5:2; mpl. פִּתְחוּ Yehoshua 10:22 +; Inf. abs. פָּתֹחַ Devarim 15:8 +; cstr. לִפְתֹּחַ Yechezkel 21:27 +; Pt. act. פֹּתֵחַ Shoftim 3:25 +; pass. פָּתוּחַ Yirmiya 5:16 +, etc.;—open sack, שַׂק, Breishis 42:27 (E), אַמְתַּחַת Breishis 43:21; Breishis 44:11 (J), skin-bottle (נאוד) Shoftim 4:19, hamper (תֵּבָה) Shemos 2:6 (E), pit (בּוֹר) Shemos 21:33 (E; i.e. uncover it), mouth (פִּי) of cave Yehoshua 10:22 (JE), grave Yechezkel 37:12, Yechezkel 37:13 (to bring forth dead), cf. (in fig.) Yirmiya 5:16 Tehillim 5:10; כְּלִי פָתוּחַ Bamidbar 19:15 (P) open vessel; door (דֶּלֶת; sometimes opp. סָגַר) Shoftim 3:25 + v Shoftim 3:25 (obj. om.), Shoftim 19:27; Shmuel Alef 3:15; Melachim Beis 9:3; Melachim Beis 9:10; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:3; Iyov 31:32; (c. ל pers.); fig. of Leb. Zecharia 11:1; דַּלְתֵי שָׁמָיִם Tehillim 78:33 (of י׳, sending rain); ד׳ = city-gates Nechemia 13:19; Yeshaya 45:1; (‖ שְׁעָרִים; י׳ subj., c. לִפְנֵי); ד׳ om. Shir HaShirim 5:2, Shir HaShirim 5:5, Shir HaShirim 5:6; gate (שַׁעַר), of land Nachum 3:13; (Inf. abs. + Impf. Niph. q.v.), cf. Yechezkel 25:9; שַׁעַר of temple (-court) Yechezkel 46:12 (c. ל pers.), Tehillim 118:19 (id.), city Yeshaya 26:2; obj. om. Devarim 20:11; Melachim Beis 15:16; window, חַלּוֹן Melachim Beis 13:17^(×2); אֲרֻבּוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם (by י׳ sending rain) Breishis 8:6 (J); Malachi 3:10; city Yirmiya 13:19, עִיר פְּתוּחָה Yehoshua 8:17 (JE); abs. פ׳ וְלֹא סגר Yeshaya 22:22^(×2);—Yeshaya 14:17 is dubious, Gr Perles^{Anal. 28. 42} Kit (in Di) read לַאֲסִירָיו לֹא־פ׳ בֵּית־הַכֶּלֶא; > Bu Che Marti אֲסִירָיו לֹא פִּתַּח אִישׁ לִבֵיתוֹ; storehouse, armoury Breishis 41:56; Yirmiya 50:25 (of י׳), Yirmiya 50:26 (for destruction), fig. of sky, for rain Devarim 28:12; (c. ל pers.; of י׳), cf. open בָּ֑ר, expose for sale, Amos 8:5; open womb, i.e. grant offspring Breishis 29:31; Breishis 30:22 (J); open mouth (פֶּה) to cry, speak Yechezkel 21:27; Iyov 3:1; Daniel 10:16, hence = speak Yeshaya 53:7^(×2); Iyov 33:2; Tehillim 39:10; Tehillim 78:2 (בְּמָשָׁל), Tehillim 109:2 (c. עַל pers.), Mishlei 24:7; Mishlei 31:8 (c. ל pers.), v Mishlei 31:9, Mishlei 31:26 (בְּחָכְמָה); Tehillim 49:5 either utter, declare, propound riddle, or open up, expound; have power of speech Tehillim 38:14; of י׳ giving power of (prophetic) speech Yechezkel 3:27; Yechezkel 33:22, giving speech to ass Bamidbar 22:28 (J); open mouth, to eat Yechezkel 3:2, of earth, to swallow up, Bamidbar 16:32; Bamidbar 26:10, cf. (פֶּה om.) Tehillim 106:17; open lips, to speak Iyov 11:5 (c. עִם pers.), Iyov 32:20 (Gi v Iyov 32:21); of י׳ opening man’s lips Tehillim 51:17, man’s ear Yeshaya 50:5 (Assyrian uznâ puttû); of eyes only pt. pass., c. אֶל Melachim Alef 8:29 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:20; Melachim Alef 8:52; Nechemia 1:6; c. לְ Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:40 (by zeugma), Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:15 (all of י׳’s favour); open hand, in giving Devarim 15:8, Devarim 15:11 (c. ל pers., + inf. abs.), of י׳ Tehillim 104:28; Tehillim 145:16; book Nechemia 8:5^(×2), letter Nechemia 6:5; open river (channel) Yeshaya 41:18 (of י׳), rock, letting out water, Tehillim 105:41 (id.); open sword, = draw it Yechezkel 21:33 Tehillim 37:14; of root שָׁרְשִׁי פָתוּחַ אֱלֵי־מָ֑יִם Iyov 29:19, i.e. with no obstacle intervening.—תִּפְתַּח אֶרֶץ Yeshaya 45:8 is dub.; verb not elsewhere intrans.; Du Che^Hpt Marti proposes רַחְמָהּ as obj.; Gr Kit (in Di) read תִּפָּתַח.

Pf. 3 ms. נִפְתַּח Yeshaya 5:27, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפָּתָח Yechezkel 24:27, יִפָּתֵ֑חַ Yechezkel 44:2 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. הִפָּתֵחַ Yeshaya 51:14; Pt. נִפְתָּח Zecharia 13:1;—be opened, of girdle Yeshaya 5:27 (i.e. loosened), cf. of captive Yeshaya 51:14, and, of calamity, Yirmiya 1:14 be let loose (c. עַל pers.); gates Nachum 2:7; Nachum 3:13 (of land, thrown open to (ל) enemy), Yechezkel 44:2; Yechezkel 46:1⁽×2⁾ Nechemia 7:3; impers. of man shut in by God Iyov 12:14; of windows of heaven Breishis 7:11 (P), cf. Yeshaya 24:13 (of future destruction); the heavens themselves Yechezkel 1:1 (for visions); fountain Zecharia 13:1; wine(-skin, c. neg.) Iyov 32:19; mouth, in speech Yechezkel 24:27; Yechezkel 33:22; ears Yeshaya 35:5.

Pf. 3 ms. פִּתַּח Iyov 30:11 +, פִּתֵּ֑חַ Iyov 12:18 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְפַתַּח Yeshaya 28:24, 1 s. אֲפַתֵּחַ Yeshaya 45:1, etc.; Inf. abs. פַּתֵּחַ Yeshaya 58:6; cstr., id. Tehillim 102:21; Pt. מְפַתֵּ֑חַ Melachim Alef 20:11;—loose:

free, i.e. ungird, camels Breishis 24:32 (J): loins of kings Yeshaya 45:1 (i.e. disarm them); set free, c. sf. pers. Tehillim 105:20, Yirmiya 40:4 (c. מִן); c. acc. בְּנֵי תְמוּתָה Tehillim 102:21.

loosen (and remove) sack-cloth Yeshaya 20:2 (c. מֵעַל), Tehillim 30:12; armour Melachim Alef 20:11 (obj. om.; opp. חָגַר); bonds Iyov 12:18 Tehillim 116:16, cf. Yeshaya 58:6 Iyov 39:5; cord Iyov 30:11; Iyov 38:31; loosen ground Yeshaya 28:24 (in tillage); cf. Vogelst^{Landwirthschaft 33}, Assyrian puttû).

open gates Yeshaya 60:11; doors Iyov 41:6 (fig. of crocodile’s jaws); ear Yeshaya 48:8 (read prob. either פִּתַּחְתִּי, פָּתַחְתִּי [𝔊 Du Marti], or נִפְתְּחָה [Gr Che Kit in Di]; buds Shir HaShirim 7:13 (of blossom; obj. om.; or intrans., as sometimes Arabic فَتَّحَ, v. Dozy).

Imv. mpl. התפתחו Yeshaya 52:2 Kt < Qr fs. הִתְפַּתְּחִי (so 𝔊; of personif. Jerus.) loosen thee (Ges^{§ 54 f}) the fetters of thy neck.

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פֶּ֫תַח

n.m. Yechezkel 8:8 (f. Shmuel Beis 17:9 but We reads אַחַד for אַחַת, and so Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 86}) opening, doorway, entrance;—abs. פ׳ Breishis 4:7 +, פָּ֑תַח Breishis 19:11 +, הַפֶּ֫תְחָה v Breishis 19:6; cstr. פֶּתַח Breishis 18:1 +; sf. פִּתְחוֹ Mishlei 17:19, פִּתְחָהּ Yechezkel 40:38; pl. פְּתָחִים Melachim Alef 7:5; Mishlei 8:3; cstr. פִּתְחֵי Tehillim 24:7 +; sf. פְּתָחָ֑י Mishlei 8:34, etc.;—doorway of nomad’s tent, פ׳ הָאֹהֶל Breishis 18:1, Breishis 18:2, Breishis 18:10 (J); Shemos 33:8, Shemos 33:10(E); Bamidbar 11:10; Bamidbar 16:27 (JE); Shoftim 4:20, cf. (without הָאֹהֶל) Breishis 4:7 (in fig.), Iyov 31:9, Iyov 31:34; of sacred tent, פ׳ הָאֹהֶל Shemos 33:9, Shemos 33:10; Shemos 26:36; Shemos 36:37; Shemos 39:38 (P); Bamidbar 12:5 (E); Devarim 31:15, usually (P) פ׳ אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד Shemos 29:4 + 6 times Ex + Shemos 40:6, Shemos 40:29 (פ׳ מִשְׁכַּן אֹהֶל מ׳), Vayikra 1:3 + 22 times Lv, Bamidbar 3:25 + 11 times Nu, Yehoshua 19:51; Shmuel Alef 2:22; cf. Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:21; פ׳ הַמִּשְׁכָּן Shemos 35:15; cf. Shemos 40:5, Shemos 40:28 (all P); of court Bamidbar 3:26 cf. Bamidbar 4:26 and (of temple) Yechezkel 8:7; doorway of (private) house Breishis 19:6, Breishis 19:11^(×2) + 22 times, cf. Shir HaShirim 7:14; in Mishlei 17:19 Frankenb Toy read פִּיו for פִּתְחוֹ; of temple Melachim Alef 6:33; Yechezkel 8:16, so פ׳ הַבַּית Yechezkel 47:1; Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:22; פֵ׳ הַדְּבִיר Melachim Alef 6:31, פ׳ הַצֵלָע v Melachim Alef 6:8 Yechezkel 41:11 cf. v Yechezkel 41:11^(×2); pl. Melachim Alef 7:5; various doorways in Ezek.’s temple Yechezkel 40:13^(×2) + 13 times Yechezkel 40:40-42 (v. also infr.); doorway of ark Breishis 6:16 (P); of tower Shoftim 9:52; in wall Yechezkel 8:8; opening (mouth) of cave Melachim Alef 19:13; פ׳ הַשַּׁעַר opening, i.e. doorway, of gate Yechezkel 40:11; of city פ׳ שַׁעַר הָעִיר, i.e. the outer aperture of the gate Yehoshua 8:29; Yehoshua 20:4; Shoftim 9:35, Shoftim 9:44; Yirmiya 1:15 (pl.), cf. Yirmiya 19:2; Melachim Alef 22:10 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:9; Melachim Beis 23:8; Mishlei 1:21; so פ׳ הַשַּׁעַר Shoftim 9:40; Shmuel Beis 10:8; Shmuel Beis 11:23; Melachim Beis 7:3; Melachim Beis 10:3, and (of farm or village) Shoftim 18:16, Shoftim 18:17; so פ׳ הָעִיר Melachim Alef 17:10; Divrei HaYamim Alef 19:6 (= Shmuel Beis 10:8 supr.), cf. Breishis 38:14; pl. of city gates themselves (poet.) Yeshaya 3:26 (personif.), פ׳ נְדִיבִים Yeshaya 13:2; פִּתְחֵי עוֹלָם Tehillim 24:7, Tehillim 24:9 (‖ שְׁעָרִים); cf. fig. שְׁמֹר פִּתְחֵי־פִיךָ Micha 7:5; also פ׳ שַׁעַר בֵּית י׳ Yirmiya 36:10; Yechezkel 8:14; Yechezkel 10:19 cf. Yechezkel 8:3; Yechezkel 11:1; Yechezkel 40:4; Yechezkel 46:3, פ׳ שׁ׳ י׳ Yirmiya 26:10; פְּתָחֶיהָ Micha 5:6 of entrances to a country; fig. פ׳ תִּקְוָה Hoshea 2:17 doorway of hope.

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פֵּ֫תַח

n.m. opening, unfolding;—cstr. פ׳ דְּבָרֶיךָ יָאִיר Tehillim 119:130, so 𝔊 and most; > Symm Jer Bae פֶּתַח (=thy words as a doorway).

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פִּתְחוֹן

n.[m.] opening;—cstr. פִּתְחוֹן פֶּה opening of mouth in speech or song Yechezkel 16:63; Yechezkel 29:21.

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פְּתַחְיָה

n.pr.m.

priest Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:16, Εζεκηλ, Φεθεια, etc.

Levite Ezra 10:23; Nechemia 9:5, Φαθαια, Φεθεια(ς), etc.

Judahite Nechemia 11:24, Παθαια, Φαθαια.

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פֶּ֫תִי²

v. sub פתה.

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פָּתַח²

vb.

engrave (NH Pi. id., פִּתּוּחַ = BH, and so 𝔗; Assyrian patâḫu, bore, penetrate; cf. perhaps Arabic فَتَخَةٌ, فَتْخَةٌ ring (cf. Frä ²⁵²));—Pf. 3 ms. פִּתַּח Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:7, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיְפַתַּח Melachim Alef 7:36; 2 ms. תְּפַתַּח Shemos 28:11; Inf. cstr. לְפַתֵּחַ Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:6, Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:13; Pt. מְפַתֵּחַ Zecharia 3:9;—engrave, c. acc. + עַל, on metal Melachim Alef 7:36 Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:7; Shemos 28:36 (acc. cogn. פִּתּוּחֵי חוֹתָם), on stone v Shemos 28:9; c. acc. אֶבֶן + acc. cogn. v Shemos 28:11 (all P); c. acc. cogn. only, Zecharia 3:9 (on stone), and, in gen., Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:6, Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:13.

Pt. fpl. מְפֻתָּחֹת פִּתּוּחֵי חוֹתָם Shemos 39:6 (P) stones engraved with the engravings of a signet.

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פִּתּוּחַ

n.m. engraving;—abs. פ׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:13; sf. פִּתֻּחָהּ Zecharia 3:9; elsewhere pl. פִּתּוּחִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:6, etc.;—on (wood overlaid with) metal, פִּתּוּחֵי מִקְלְעוֹת כְּרוּבִים Melachim Alef 6:29 (see v Melachim Alef 6:21, Melachim Alef 6:22), in temple, so Tehillim 74:6; on stone Zecharia 3:9, especially פִּתּוּחֵי חֹתָם Shemos 28:11, Shemos 28:21, Shemos 28:36; Shemos 39:6, Shemos 39:14, Shemos 39:30; in gen. Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:6, Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:13.

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פְּתִיגִיל

n.[m.] rich robe (?) (prob. foreign word);—פ׳ abs. Yeshaya 3:24, 𝔊 Χιτὼν μεσοπόρφυρος, 𝔙 fascia pectoralis.

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פָּתִיל

n.m.Shoftim 16:9 cord, thread (twisted);—abs. פ׳ Bamidbar 19:15; cstr. פְּתִיל Shoftim 16:9 +; sf. פְּתִילֶךָ֑ Breishis 38:18; pl. פְּתִילִים v Breishis 38:25, פְּתִילִם Shemos 39:3;—cord (from which seal was hung) Breishis 38:18, Breishis 38:25 (J), פ׳ נְעֹרֶת Shoftim 16:9 (sim.), פ׳ פִּשְׁתִּים Yechezkel 40:3 (as measuring line); פ׳ תְּכֵלֶת, for fastening, Shemos 28:28, Shemos 28:37; Shemos 39:21, Shemos 39:31; Bamidbar 15:38, cf. פָּתִיל alone Bamidbar 19:15 (perhaps gloss, v. Di); threads (of gold) in ephold Shemos 39:3 (all P).

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פִּתֹם

n.pr.loc. Pithom, Π(ε)ιθω, A Πιθωμ (Egyptian Patum, Per-Atum, house of (god) Atum) one of the עָרֵי מִסְכְּנוֹת built by Isr. for Pharaoh Shemos 1:11; identif. by Naville with Tel el-Maskhûta, near E. end of Wady Tumilat, Naville ^{Pithom, 1885} Di-Ry^{ad loc.} Di^{SBAk, 1885, 889 ff.} Bäd^{Egypt (4), 159}.

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פֶּ֫תֶן

n.m. Tehillim 58:5 a venomous serpent, perhaps cobra (פתן Ben Sira 39:30; Aramaic פִּתְנָא, ܦܰܬܳܢܳܐ, whence perhaps Arabic بَثَنٌ );—only poet.: pl. רֹאשׁ פְּתָנִים Devarim 32:33 (‖ חֲמַת תַּנִּינִם), Iyov 20:16, מְרוֹרַת פ׳ v Iyov 20:14; sg. פֶּ֫תֶן Tehillim 91:13 (‖ תַּנִּין), פ׳ חֵרֵשׁ Tehillim 58:5, חֻר פָּ֑תֶן Yeshaya 11:8.

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פֶּ֫תַע

subst. suddenness (√ unknown: cf. Assyrian ina pitti, ina pittimma, in suddenness, instantly, Dl^{HWB 553}):—Bamidbar 35:22 וְאִם־בְּפֶתַע … הֲדָפוֹ if he have thrust him in suddenness, before he is aware what he has done (i.e. accidentally); + פִּתְאֹם Bamidbar 6:9, וכי ימות מת עליו בפתע פתאם i.e. very suddenly; לְפֶתַע according to (לְ, p. 516b) suddenness, Yeshaya 29:5 והיה לפתע פתאם = at an instant, suddenly, Yeshaya 30:13 אשׁר פתאם לפתע יבוא שִׁבְרָהּ. As adv. acc., suddenly, Mishlei 6:15 (= Mishlei 29:1) פֶּתַע יִשָּׁבֵר, Chavakuk 2:7.

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פִּתְאֹם²

once Tehillim 64:8 (v. Baer) פִּתְאוֹם subst. suddenness, usually as adv.acc. suddenly (from פֶּתַע, with the term. -ם (cf. שִׁלְשֹׁם), and with ע weakened to א: Sta^{§ 295} Kö^{ii. 255 f.} Ba^{NB § 216 b});—Bamidbar 12:4 ויאמר י׳ פ׳ אל־משׁה, Yehoshua 10:9; Yehoshua 11:7; especially of calamity, invasion, etc., coming suddenly, Yeshaya 47:11; Yeshaya 48:3; Yirmiya 4:20 פ׳ שֻׁדְּדוּ אֹהָלַי, Yirmiya 6:26; Yirmiya 15:8; Yirmiya 18:22; Yirmiya 51:8 Tehillim 64:5 פ׳ יֹרֻהוּ וְלֹא יִירָ֑אוּ, v Tehillim 64:8 Iyov 5:3; Iyov 9:23; Koheles 9:12; Mishlei 6:15; Mishlei 24:22; also Mishlei 7:22; Malachi 3:1; thrice with פֶּתַע (q.v.). As a gen. †Mishlei 3:25 אל־תירא מִפַּחַד פ׳ of the terror of suddenness, i.e. the sudden terror, Iyov 22:10; and with בְּ, in suddenness, †Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:36 בפ׳ היה הדבר.

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פָּתַר

vb. interpret (dream), only Breishis 40, Breishis 41 (NH id., J.Aram. פְּתַר; appar. =Aramaic פְּשַׁר, ܦܫܰܪ, dissolve, fig. solve, interpret, cf. פֵּשֶׁר);—

Pf. 3 ms. פָּתַר, c. ל pers. Breishis 40:22; Breishis 41:13; abs. פָּתָ֑ר Breishis 40:16; Breishis 41:12; c. acc. rei: Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּפְתָּר־לָנוּ Breishis 41:12; Inf. cstr. לִפְתֹּר Breishis 41:15; Pt. act. פֹּתֵר Breishis 40:8; Breishis 41:15, פּוֹי Breishis 41:8.

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פַּתְרוֹס

n.pr.terr. = Upper Egypt, Παθουρης, Φαθουρης, etc. (Egyptian p(ĕ)-tĕ-res, south land, in Assyrian Paturisi, Erman^{ZAW x (1890), 118 f.} Steind^{BAS i. 344} WMM^{Hastings DB}; also (on Assyrian) Schr ^{KGF 283 f.} Dl^{Pa 310});—always in connexion with מִצְרַיִם, etc.: Yeshaya 11:11; Yirmiya 44:15; Yechezkel 30:14, אֶרֶץ פ׳ Yirmiya 44:1; Yechezkel 29:14; מִפַּתְרֹס proposes also Tehillim 68:31 (for מִתְרַפֵּס) Ne^{JBL x (1891), 152} (plausibly), cf. Che ^{ib. xi (1892), 125} Kau^{ψψ crit. n.}.

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פַּתְרֻסִים

adj.gent.pl. of foregoing, as subst. Breishis 10:14 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:12.

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פַּתְשֶׁ֫גֶן

n.m. copy (= פַּרְשֶׁגֶן q.v.);—cstr. פּ׳ (הַ)כְּתָב Esther 3:14; Esther 4:8; Esther 8:13.

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פָּתַת

vb. break up, crumble (NH id.; Arabic فَتَّ; Ethiopic ፈተተ:; Syriac ܦܰܬ );—

Inf. abs. of bread of מִנְחָה: פָּתוֹת אֹתָהּ פִּתִּים Vayikra 2:6.

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פַּת²

n.f. ^{Mishlei 17:1} fragment, bit, morsel of bread;—abs. פ׳ חֲרֵבָה Mishlei 17:1 a dry morsel; cstr. פַּת־לָחֶם Breishis 18:5; Shoftim 19:5; Shmuel Alef 2:36; Shmuel Alef 28:22; Melachim Alef 17:11; Mishlei 28:21; sf. פִּתִּי Iyov 31:17, פִּתְּךָ Mishlei 23:8, פִּתֵּךְ Rus 2:14, פִּתּוֹ Shmuel Beis 12:3; pl. פִּתִּים Vayikra 2:6; Vayikra 6:14; in sim. Tehillim 147:17.

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BDB (original) — פ (250)