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BDB (original) — כ (230)

כָּה (Aramaic)
adv. here (BH כֹּה; 𝔗 Mand. כָּא; Chr-Pal. ܟܐ; Syriac with prefixes, as ܠܟܳܐ hither, ܐܰܝܟܳܐ where?);—Daniel 7:28 עַד־כָּה סוֹפָא דִי־מִלְּתָא hitherto (cf. Yirmiya 48:47; Yirmiya 51:64) is the end of the matter.
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כְּהַל (Aramaic)
vb. be able (𝔗 id.; Egyptian Aramaic, S-CPap. A 6, 8, 11 +; Ethiopic ክህለ cf. syn. יְכִל);—
Pt. act., usually sq. inf.: abs. כָּהֵל Daniel 2:26; Daniel 4:15 (inf. om.); pl. abs. כָּֽהֲלִין Daniel 5:8, Daniel 5:15.
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כָּהֵן (Aramaic)
n.m. priest (v. BH כהן);—emph. כָּהֲנָא Ezra 7:12, Ezra 7:21; pl. emph. -נַיָּא Ezra 6:9, Ezra 6:19, Ezra 6:18; Ezra 7:16, Ezra 7:24; sf. (of. Isr.) -נ֫וֹהִי v Ezra 7:13.
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כּ֫וֹרֶשׁ (Aramaic)
n.pr.m. Cyrus (BH id.);—Daniel 6:28; Ezra 5:13 + 6 times Ezr.
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כֹּל (Aramaic)
v. כלל.
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כֹּל² (Aramaic)
n.m. the whole, all (BH כֹּל);—emph. כֹּלָּא Daniel 2:40 +, cstr. כֹּל Daniel 2:12; Daniel 3:2 +, כָּל־ Daniel 2:8 +, sf. 3 mpl. כָּלְּהוֹן (so Palm. Lzb296 CookeNo. 117, Tariff ii b. 18) †Daniel 2:38; Daniel 7:19 (Qr f. כַּלְּהֵן);—
כֹּל חַכִּימֵי בָבֶל the whole of (= all) the wise men of B. Daniel 3:2, Daniel 3:3, Daniel 3:5, etc.; Daniel 6:2 כל־מלכותא the whole of the kingdom, v Daniel 6:4; c. sf. the whole of them Daniel 2:38; Daniel 7:19.
with a sg. noun, understood collectively, every, any, or with a neg. none (BH 1 b): Daniel 3:29 דִּי כָל־עַם אֻמָּה וְלִשָּׁן that every people, nation, and language, etc., Daniel 6:8 מִן־כָּל־אֱלָהּ of any god, Ezra 6:12 כָּל־מֶלֶךְ וְעַם; כל אנשׁ די every man who = whoever, Daniel 3:10; Daniel 5:7; Daniel 6:13 Ezra 6:11; Daniel 2:10 כל מלךלא שׁאל no king hath asked …, v Daniel 2:35 Daniel 4:6; Daniel 6:5, Daniel 6:24; so כָּל־דִּי (= Heb. כָּל־אְשֶׁר) whoever Daniel 6:8 Ezra 7:26, whatever v Ezra 7:23, בְּכָל־דִּי wherever Daniel 2:38 (cf. אֲשֶׁר 4 b γ).
emph. כֹּלָּא, used absolutely, as Heb. הַכֹּל (BH 2 b): Daniel 2:40 חָשֵׁל כֹּלָּא crushing all things, Daniel 4:9, Daniel 4:18 וּמָזוֹן לְכֹלָּא־בֵּהּ and food for all was in it, v Daniel 4:25 כֹּלָּא מְטָא all came upon N. (cf. הַכֹּל בָּא Yehoshua 21:43), Ezra 5:7 שְׁלָמָא כֹלָּא all peace (K§ 83 d; cf. in Heb. כֻּלּוֹ etc., after their noun: BH 1 d a).—For כָּל־קֳבֵל v. קֳבֵל.
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כֵּן (Aramaic)
adv. thus, as follows (BH כֵּן; 𝔗 כֵּן, Syriac ܟܶܢ );—usually c. אֲמַר (אָמַר, etc.; cf. Egyptian Aramaic CIS ii. 149 A 1, B–C 3 RÉS 492 B 5), Daniel 2:24 וְכֵן אֲמַר־לֵהּ, v Daniel 2:25 Daniel 4:11; Daniel 6:7; Daniel 7:5, Daniel 7:23 Ezra 5:3; Ezra 6:2 וְכֵן־כְּתִיב בְּגַוַּהּ.
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כְּנֵ֫מָא (Aramaic)
adv. accordingly, as follows (der. uncertain: NöGGA, 1884, 1021 Marti al. from כֵּן + indef. מָא, so somewhat, ungefähr so: v. older improb. view (as we should say, from כְּ and נֵימָא = נֵאמַר, cf. Talm. יֵימָא for יֵימַר) in Thes652): referring backwards, Ezra 6:13 כְּנֵמָאעֲבַדוּ did accordingly; referring forwards, Ezra 4:8 כְנֵמָא כְּתַבוּ … wrote a letter … as follows, Ezra 5:4 (read c. 𝔊 אֲמַרוּ; אֲמַרְנָא from v Ezra 5:9, MeyEntst. J. 26), v Ezra 5:9, Ezra 5:11.
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כָּרְסֵא (Aramaic)
(K§§ 11, 4 b) ε); 62) n.m. Daniel 7:9 throne;—cstr. כ׳ Daniel 5:20; sf. כָּרְסְיֵהּ Daniel 7:9; pl. abs. כָּרְסָוָן Daniel 7:9.
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כְּסַף (Aramaic)
n.m. Ezra 7:17 silver (v. BH);—abs. כ׳ Ezra 7:15 +, כְּסֲ֑ף Daniel 2:32; emph. כַּסְפָּא v Daniel 2:35 +;—
as money or its equivalent Ezra 7:17, v Ezra 7:15, Ezra 7:16, Ezra 7:18, Ezra 7:22.
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כְּעַן (Aramaic)
v. sub ענה.
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כָּרְסֵא² (Aramaic)
v. כסא.
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כְּתַב (Aramaic)
vb. write (v. BH);—
Pf. 3 ms. כ׳ Daniel 6:26 ל pers. + orat. rect., Daniel 7:1 acc. rei; 3 mpl. כְּתַ֫בוּ Ezra 4:8 acc. אִגְּרָה; 1 pl. נִכְתּוּב Ezra 5:10, acc. rei; Pt. act. abs. fs. כָּֽתְבָה Daniel 5:5, subj. יְדָא, fpl. כָּֽתְבָן v Daniel 5:5, subj. אֶצְבְּעָן. Peʿîl (WCG 224) Pf. 3 ms. כִּדְנָה כְּתִיב Ezra 5:7 thus (it) was written, so כֵּן כ׳ Ezra 6:2.
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כְּתָב (Aramaic)
n.m. Daniel 5:7 writing;—abs. כְּתָ֑ב Ezra 7:22 (Baer כְּתַב, but v. K§ 57 ad fin. Str); cstr. כ׳ Ezra 6:18; emph. כְּתָכָא Daniel 5:8 +, ה—ָ Daniel 5:7, Daniel 5:15;—
written requirement Ezra 6:18; Ezra 7:22.
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כְּתַל (Aramaic)
(K§ 54, 3 a) ε) and c)) n.[m.] wall (BH כֹּתֶל, √ כחל);—cstr. כ׳ Daniel 5:5; pl. emph. כֻּתְלַיָּא Ezra 5:8.
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כְּעַן² (Aramaic)
adv. now (so Egyptian Aramaic (CISii. 137 = CookeNo. 73 RÉS 361 B S-CPap. C 5); 𝔗, e.g. Bamidbar 22:4: עַן prob. a subst. from [עָנָה] the √ of עֵת (p. 773a), time; so כְּעַן lit. at (this) time = Heb. עַתָּה: K§ 67, 4);—Daniel 2:23 וּכְעַן הוֹדַעְתַּנִי, Daniel 3:15; Daniel 4:34; Daniel 5:12, Daniel 5:15, Daniel 5:16; Daniel 6:9; Ezra 4:13, Ezra 4:14, Ezra 4:21; Ezra 5:17; Ezra 6:6; עַד־כְּעַן until now Ezra 5:16 (so 𝔗 Breishis 18:22 +).
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כְּמוֹ
adv. and conj. like, as, when (lit. the like of what (viz.) …, a pleon. form of כְּ (v. מוֹ), and, like it, proposes a subst.: cf. Aramaic כְּמָא like Tehillim 78:68 Levy, usually כְּמָא דְּ like as; ܐܰܟ݂ܡܳܐ (i.e. ܐܰܝܟ݂ ܡܳܐ) like what, like, usually sq. ܕ ? like as; Sam. ࠊࠌࠄ; Arabic كَمَا; Ethiopic ከመ kama, like as, DiGr § 63 a Sab. כמו ZMG 1883, 394)—used 1. (56 times) as an indep. word (except Breishis 19:15 Nechemia 9:11, only in poetry); 2. as an equivalent for כְּ before sfs., always before light ones, and occasionally before heavy ones (v. כְּ ad init.):—
prep., as poet. syn. of כְּ, like, as, Shemos 15:5 they went down כמו־אבן like a stone (hence in prose Nechemia 9:11), v Shemos 15:8 (Tehillim 78:13), Yeshaya 30:22; Yeshaya 51:6 (v. כֵּן), Yeshaya 26:17 כְּמוֹ הָרָה תַּקְרִיב לָלֶרֶת (see כְּ 1 c (2), on the constr.: so Yeshaya 41:25 Tehillim 58:5, Tehillim 58:8. Tehillim 58:9), v Yeshaya 26:18 we have brought forth the like of, as it were, wind, Yirmiya 13;Yirmiya 21; Yirmiya 15:18; Yirmiya 50:26 Yechezkel 16:57 (כמו עת as at the time of: v. כְּ Note), Hoshea 7:4; Hoshea 8:12; Hoshea 13:7 Chavakuk 3:14 (as it were), Zecharia 9:15; Zecharia 10:2, Zecharia 10:7 (as with wine: v. ib.) Elsewhere chiefly in ψψ (19 times) and Jb (11 times), as Tehillim 29:6; Tehillim 61:7; Tehillim 63:6; Tehillim 78:69; Tehillim 79:5; Tehillim 88:6; Tehillim 90:9, Iyov 6:15; Iyov 10:22(×2); Iyov 12:3 כמו אלה the like of these things, Iyov 14:9 Shir HaShirim 6:10; Shir HaShirim 7:2 Eicha 4:6 כמו רגע (in prose כרגע). Repeated, like כְּכְּ, †Tehillim 58:10 and answered by כֵּן Yeshaya 26:17.—Tehillim 58:8 b כמו יתמוללו, as it were is against usage of כמו (with a vb.), and yields a lame sense: read perhaps ית׳ [חָצִיר] כמו (Lag Che); Tehillim 73:15 if I said, אֲסַפְּרָה כְמ֑וֹ, the text is untranslateable, the rendering thus for כמו being indefensible: prob. הֵנָּה has dropped out before the following הִנֵּה: for כְּמוֹ הֵנָּה the like of these things, cf. Iyov 23:14 כָּהֵנָּה, and Iyov 12:3 supr.
conj. = כַּאֲשֶׁר: (α) of time, once, †Breishis 19:15 כְּמוֹ עָלָה הַשַּׁחַר when the dawn arose; (β) of mode, according as, †Zecharia 10:8 וְרָבוּ כְּמוֹ רָבוּ Mishlei 23:7 (answered by כֵּן).—
(before sfs.), see כְּ.
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כָּאֶה
adj. cowed, Tehillim 10:10 Qr חֵל בָּאִים; host of cowed ones, but read Kt חלכאים; v. p. 319.
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כּוֹכָב
n.m. Breishis 15:5 star (NH id.; Aramaic כּוֹכְבָא, כּוֹכַבְתָּא, ܟܰܘܟܒܳܐ, ܟܰܘܟܰܒܬܳܐ, fem. form specifically of planet Venus, v. also WeSkizzen iii. 36, 38; Arabic كَوْكَبٌ gen. of single stars and prob. Aramaic loan-word, WeSkizzen iii. 173; Ethiopic ኮከብ; prob. for כבכב v. Mahri kubkob, kobkîb, etc., Maltzan ZMG 1873, 227 and Assyrian kakkabu Dl HWB 336; Pun. κακαβουμ (Dioscorides), name of a plant, prob. from shape of seed-cup, BlauZMG xxvii, 1873, 529; on formation cf. NöM § 109 BaNB§ 138. 1)כ׳ abs. Bamidbar 24:17; cstr. כּוֹכַב Amos 5:26; pl. כּוֹכָבִים Breishis 1:16 + 19 times; cstr. כּוֹכְבֵי (כֹּכְבֵי) Breishis 22:17 + 13 times; כֹּכְבֵיהֶם Yechezkel 32:7;—sg. only כ׳ אֱלֹהֵיכֶם Amos 5:26 (where, however, כ׳ is prob. a gloss, so GFM Dec. 19, 1890, and now We; v. further כִּיּוּן), and כ׳ מִיַּעֲקֹב Bamidbar 24:17 (JE; ‖ שֵׁבֶט בישׂראל, metaph. of future ruler); elsewhere pl. stars, ‖ sun and moon (cf. also infr.) Breishis 1:16 (P) Tehillim 136:9 (to rule the night, cf. Breishis 1:16), Yirmiya 31:35 Breishis 37:9 (E), Joseph’s dream (אַחַד עָשָׂר כ׳ = Breishis 37:11 brethren); Devarim 4:19 obj. of idol. worship (cf. infr.); observed in augury הַחֹזִים בַּכּ׳ Yeshaya 47:13 (of Babylon); Koheles 12:2 (‖ (also) light; fig. of brightness of youth); ‖ sun Iyov 9:7; ‖ moon Tehillim 8:4; sign of evening Nechemia 4:15 (מֵעֲלוֹת הַשַּׁחַר עַד צֵאת הַכּ׳) cf. כּוֹכְבֵּי נִשְׁכּוֹ Iyov 3:9 (appar. sign of dawn); numbered by God Tehillim 147:4; sim. of abundant posterity, Breishis 15:5; Breishis 22:17; Breishis 26:4 Shemos 32:13 (all JE); of Isr. Devarim 1:10; Devarim 10:22; Devarim 28:62 Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:32 Nechemia 9:23; of number of merchants of Nineveh Nachum 3:16; as lofty, Iyov 22:12; so in fig. of haughty nations Ovadia 1:4 is Iyov 14:13; cf. symbolic vision of Dn (‖ צָבָא, צְבָא הַשָּׁמַיִם) Daniel 8:10; sim. of brightness of righteous Daniel 12:3; not pure (זַכּוּ) before God Iyov 25:5 (‖ moon); darkened in Yahweh’s judgment Yoel 2:10; Yoel 4:15 Yechezkel 32:7 (‖ sun and moon; so) Yeshaya 13:10 (‖ also כְּסִילֵיהֶם); personified: as fighting Shoftim 5:20; shouting Iyov 38:7 (בְּרָן־יַחַד כּוֹכְבֵי בֹקֶר, ‖ בְּנֵי אֱלֹהִים); praising Tehillim 148:3 (כּוֹכְבֵי אוֹר, ‖ sun and moon).—On stars in Arabic mythol. v. WeSkizzen iii.173 f.
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כָּבֵד
vb. be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured (NH Pi. honour, and deriv., כֹּבֶד weight; Ph. n.pr.f. כבדת = honoured one, and in cpd. n.pr.; Ethiopic ከብደ be heavy, etc.; Assyrian kabâdu or kabâtu, grow or be heavy, DlHWB; cf. Arabic كَبَدٌ difficulty, distress; كَبَدَ iii. struggle with difficulties, etc.; Zinj. כבדו honour, DHMSendsch. 58; Sab. כבודת gifts of honour, = Heb. נדבה freewill offering DHMZMG 1883, 341 f.)
Pf. כ׳ Yeshaya 24:20; 3 fs. כָּֽבְדָה Breishis 18:20 + 4 times; כָּבֵ֑דָה Shoftim 20:34; 3 mpl. כָּֽבְדוּ Breishis 48:10; Impf. יִכְבָּד Shemos 9:7 Yeshaya 66:5; יִכְבָּ֑ד Iyov 6:3; Iyov 33:7 + 10 times Impf. (כָּבֵד Breishis 12:10 + is given as 3 m. Pf. by some; but it is prob. taken better as adj. SS make כָּבֵד Tehillim 38:5 inf. abs.; < Thes adj.).—
be heavy, in weight, of misfortune, heavier than sand Iyov 6:3; of God’s hand in punishment Shmuel Alef 5:11, with אֶל Shmuel Alef 5:6; עַל Tehillim 32:4; of man’s hand in war Shoftim 1:35; יָדִי כָּֽבְדָה עַל־אַנְחָתִי my hand is heavy upon my groaning Iyov 23:3 is explained by 𝔗 Hrz Schlottm as hand smiting me; but read rather with 𝔊 𝔖 Ew De Reu Di יָדוֹ of God’s hand; of pressure אַכְפִּי Iyov 33:7 (𝔊 כַּפִּי); = vehement, sore, of battle Shoftim 20:34; c. אֶל Shmuel Alef 31:3 = עַל Divrei HaYamim Alef 10:3; burdensome, grievous; וְלֹא נִכְבַּד עָלֶי֑ךָ lest we be burdensome unto thee Shmuel Beis 13:25; of work laid upon one, bondage, with עַל Shemos 5:9 (JE) Nechemia 5:18; of sin conceived as a burden Breishis 18:20 (J), iniquities Tehillim 38:5; transgressions, with עַל Yeshaya 24:20.
heavy, insensible, dull, of the eyes, so as to be unable to see Breishis 48:10 (JE); of the ears Yeshaya 59:1; of the לֵב, hard, insensible Shemos 9:7 (J; P and E’s syn. is חָזַק, q.v.)
be honoured (cf. βαρύς) of a man Iyov 14:21 (opp. יצערו: cf. Hiph. 3), of Tyre Yechezkel 27:25, of Yahweh Yeshaya 66:5.
Pf. נִכְבַּד Shmuel Beis 6:20, נִכְבָּ֔ר Shmuel Beis 23:19, Shmuel Beis 23:23 Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:21; נִכְבַּדְתָּ Yeshaya 43:4; + 2 times Pf.; Impf. אֶכָּבֵד Vayikra 10:3 Yeshaya 49:5; אִכָּֽבְדָה Shemos 14:4, Shemos 14:17; אִכָּבֵ֑דָה Shmuel Beis 6:22; אִכָּֽבְדָ֯ Chaggai 1:8; Imv. הִכָּבֵד Melachim Beis 14:10; Inf. הִכָּֽבְדִי Shemos 14:18 Yechezkel 39:13; Pt. נִכְבָּד Breishis 34:19 + 6 times; pl. נִכְבָּדִים Bamidbar 22:15; cstr. נִכְבַּדֵּי Yeshaya 23:8, Yeshaya 23:9 Mishlei 8:24; נִכְבַּדֶּיהָ Nachum 3:10; נִכְבְּדֵיהֶם Tehillim 149:8; Pl. f. נִכְבָּדוֹת Tehillim 87:3
pass.
be made heavy from abundance, מַעְיָנוֹת נִכְבַּדֵּי־מָ֑יִם fountains abounding in water Mishlei 8:24.
be honoured, enjoy honour, of man Shmuel Alef 9:6; Shmuel Alef 22:14; Shmuel Beis 6:20, Shmuel Beis 6:22; Shmuel Beis 23:19 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:21, Shmuel Beis 23:23; Melachim Beis 14:10; Yeshaya 43:4; Yeshaya 49:5; Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:9 וַיְהִי נִכְבָּד, Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:25 נִכְבָּד הוּא (altered from Shmuel Beis 23:23); but more frequent in pt. as subst. honourable, honoured, distinguished man Breishis 34:19 Bamidbar 22:15 (JE) Yeshaya 3:5; Yeshaya 23:8, Yeshaya 23:9; Nachum 3:10; Tehillim 149:8; נִכְבָּדוֹת Tehillim 87:3 glorious things; הַשֵּׁם הַנִּכְבָּד וְהַנּוֹרָא Devarim 28:58 the glorious and awe-inspiring name (of Yahweh).
medial, get oneself glory (or honour), of God Yeshaya 26:15; Yechezkel 28:22; Yechezkel 39:13; Chaggai 1:8; with בְּ in or by any one Shemos 14:4, Shemos 14:17, Shemos 14:18 (P); עַל־פְּנֵי Vayikra 10:3 (P).
Pf. 2 m. sf. כִּבַּדְתָּ֫נִי Yeshaya 43:23; 3 mpl. כִּבְּדוּ Shmuel Alef 6:6; + 3 times Pf.; Impf. יְכַבֵּד Malachi 1:6 + 3 times; sf. יְכַבְּדָ֑נְנִי Tehillim 50:23; 3fs. sf. תְּכַבְּדֵנִי Yeshaya 43:20; אֲכַבְּדָה Tehillim 86:12; + 12 times Impf.; Imv. כַּבֵּד Shemos 20:12 + 2 times; + 3 times Imv.; Inf. abs. כַּבֵּד Bamidbar 22:17; + 2 times Inf.; Pt. מְכַבֵּד Shmuel Beis 10:3; + 4 times Pt.;—
make heavy, insensible (cf. Qal 2) the לב(ב) Shmuel Alef 6:6(×2).
make honourable, honour, glorify, usually c. human subj.:
obj. things, sacred place Yeshaya 6:13 (God subj.); the Sabbath Yeshaya 58:13.
God obj. Shmuel Alef 2:30 a Yeshaya 24:15; Yeshaya 25:3; Yeshaya 43:20 Tehillim 22:24; Tehillim 50:15, Tehillim 50:23 Mishlei 14:31; + acc. rei זבחיך Yeshaya 43:23; + בְּ instr. (lips) Yeshaya 29:13; + מִן (מֵהוֶֹנ֑ךָ) Mishlei 3:9; obj. the name of י׳, c. acc. Tehillim 86:12; c. לְ Tehillim 86:9; obj. the מַלְאַךְ י׳ Shoftim 13:17.
subj. indef. (si vera l.), obj. God and man Shoftim 9:9 (of olive; on text, especially בּוֹ for בִּי, v. GFM).
obj. a heathen god לֶאֱלֹהַּ Daniel 11:38(×2).
be made honourable, honoured. Impf. יְכֻבָּ֑ד Mishlei 13:18; Mishlei 27:18; Pt. מְכֻבָּד Yeshaya 58:13.
Pf. הִכְבִּיד Eicha 3:7 + 5 times; Eicha 3:2 הִכְבַּדְתְּ Yeshaya 47:6; + 4 times Pf.; Impf. וַיַּכְבֵּד Shemos 8:28; Shemos 9:34; Imv. הַכְבֵּד Yeshaya 6:10; Infin. abs. הַכְבֵּד Shemos 8:11; cstr. הַכְבִּיד Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:19; Pt. מַכְבִּיד Chavakuk 2:6.—
make heavy, dull, unresponsive, the ears Yeshaya 6:10 Zecharia 7:11; the לֵב Shemos 8:11, Shemos 8:28; Shemos 9:34; Shemos 10:1 (J).
cause to be honoured, of depopulated districts of NE. Israel, Yeshaya 8:23, of restored nation Yirmiya 30:19 (‖ לא יצערו); shew or display honour, Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:19 לְהַכְבִּיד (in ‖ Melachim Beis 14:10 הִכָּבֵד).
Imv. הִתְכַּבֵּד Nachum 3:15; f. הִתְכַּבְּדִי Nachum 3:15; Pt. מִתְכַּבֵּד Mishlei 12:9;—
make oneself heavy, dense, numerous (cf. כָּבֵד 1 b) as locusts Nachum 3:15(×2).
honour oneself Mishlei 12:9.
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כָּבֵד²
adj. heavy;—כ׳ Breishis 41:31 + 34 times; cstr. כְּבַד Shemos 4:10(×2); כֶּ֫בֶד Yeshaya 1:4; pl. כְּבֵדִים Shemos 17:12; cstr. כִּבְדֵי Yechezkel 3:5, Yechezkel 3:6;—
heavy, a burden Tehillim 38:5; hands (weary of holding up) Shemos 17:12 (E), hair of head Shmuel Beis 14:26, a corpulent old man Shmuel Alef 4:18; עַם כֶבֶד עָוֹן Yeshaya 1:4 a people heavy with (the burden of) iniquity; a cloud charged with rain Shemos 19:16 (E); a rock of large size Yeshaya 32:2; oppressive, grievous, burdensome, a yoke Melachim Alef 12:4, Melachim Alef 12:11 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 10:4, Divrei HaYamim Beis 10:11; a famine Breishis 12:10; Breishis 41:31; Breishis 43:1; Breishis 47:4, Breishis 47:13 (J); the vexation (כַּעַם) of a fool Mishlei 27:3; vehement, sore, of a mourning Breishis 50:11 (J).
massive, abundant, numerous, of a people עַם Bamidbar 20:20 (J) Melachim Alef 3:9; army חיל Melachim Beis 6:14; Melachim Beis 18:17 = Yeshaya 36:2; insect swarm Shemos 8:20 (J).
heavy, dull of speech and tongue Shemos 4:10(×2) (JE); of the לֵב, hard Shemos 7:14 (J).
burdensome, of a thing Shemos 18:18 (E) people Bamidbar 11:14 (J); of a people to be understood Yechezkel 3:5, Yechezkel 3:6.
in the usage of J כָּבֵד מְאֹד is frequent:
very oppressive, grievous, of hail Shemos 9 Shemos 18:24; murrian Shemos 9:3; lamentation Breishis 50:10.
very numerous, cattle Shemos 12:38; army, מַחֲנֶה Breishis 50:9; locusts Shemos 10:14; so חַיִל Melachim Alef 10:2 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:1.
very rich, במקנה in cattle Breishis 13:2.
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כָּבֵד³
n.[f. Breishis 49, Breishis 6] liver (explained by Thes (quoting Galen) as the heavy organ, par excellence, of the body; NH כָּבֵד; Aramaic כַּבְדָא, ܟܰܒܕܳܐ; Arabic كَبِدٌ, cf. أَكْبَدُ (anything) large, thick in the middle; Ethiopic ከብድ Assyrian kabittu DlHWB temper, heart (fig.), Aramaic כְּבַד, ܐܶܬܟܰܒܰܕ be angry, because the liver was regarded as seat of emotions)כ׳ Shemos 29:13 + 11 times; כְּבֵדוֹ Mishlei 7:23; כְּבֵדִי Eicha 2:11;—liver of man, as pierced by arrow Mishlei 7:23; poured out in sorrow Eicha 2:11; of animals as consulted by divination רָאָה בַּכּ׳ Yechezkel 21:26; elsewhere in P, in phrases (ה)יֹתֶרֶת (עַל־)הַכָּבֵד Shemos 29:13, Shemos 29:22; Vayikra 3:4, Vayikra 3:10, Vayikra 3:15; Vayikra 4:9; Vayikra 7:4; Vayikra 8:16, Vayikra 8:25; Vayikra 9:19; הַיֹּתֶרֶת מִן־הַכּ׳ Vayikra 9:10, of the animals suited for sacrifice.
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כֹּ֫בֶד
n.[m.]
heaviness, weight of a stone Mishlei 27:3.
mass, abundance, of corpses Nachum 3:3.
vehemence, of war Yeshaya 21:15, of storm Yeshaya 30:27.
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כָּבוֹד
adj. glorious, only fs. כְּבוּדָּ֯ה, of a bed Yechezkel 23:41; a queen in bridal array Tehillim 45:14; Tehillim 45:14 belongs to II. כָּבוֹד 2; cstr. as Ges§ 141 d; v. also כֹּל 1 a end. cf. כְּבוּדָּ֯ה n.f. infr.
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כָּבוֹד²
n.m. Yeshaya 60:1 and †f. Breishis 49:6 abundance, honour, glory;—כ׳ Yehoshua 7:19 + 70 times; כָּבֹד Breishis 31:1 Nachum 2:10; cstr. כְּבוֹד Shemos 16:7 + 62 times; כְּבֹד Mishlei 25:2(×2); sf. כְּבוֹדִי Breishis 45:13 + 17 times; כְּבֹדִי Breishis 49:6 + 3 times; + 40 times sfs.—
honour, splendour, glory, of external condition and circumstances:
of men: of Joseph in Egypt Breishis 45:13 (E); of Job Iyov 19:9; Iyov 29:20; of Ephraim Hoshea 9:11, Samaria Hoshea 10:5; עֹשֶׁר וְכָכוֹד wealth and splendour Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:12, Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:28; Divrei HaYamim Beis 17:5; Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:1; Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:27; Mishlei 3:16; Mishlei 8:18; Mishlei 22:4; עשֶׁר (וּ)נְכָסִים וְכ׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:11, Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:12 = גם ע׳ גם כ׳ Melachim Alef 3:13, Koheles 6:2; ‖ עשֶׁר Mishlei 11:16; man was crowned with כ׳ וְהָדָר at his creation, Tehillim 8:6; the king is given כ׳הוֹד וְהָדָר Tehillim 21:6.
of things, כ׳ עָשְׁרוֹ Esther 5:11 splendour of his wealth, of a throne Shmuel Alef 2:8 (poem), Yeshaya 22:23; Yirmiya 14:21; Yirmiya 17:12; a kingdom Esther 1:4; chariots Yeshaya 22:18; priestly robes Shemos 28:2, Shemos 28:40 (P); Lebanon Yeshaya 35:2; Yeshaya 60:13; forest Yeshaya 10:18 (fig. of royal might); trees Yechezkel 31:18; temple Chaggai 2:3, Chaggai 2:9; restored holy land Tehillim 84:12 Yeshaya 4:2, Yeshaya 4:5; Jerus. Yeshaya 62:2.
of God, glory, (1) in historic theophanies: to Moses Shemos 33:18, Shemos 33:22 (J); ‖ אֹתֹת Bamidbar 14:22 (JE); ‖ גָּדְלוֹ Devarim 5:18. P uses כ׳ יהוה for theophanies of the Exodus Shemos 16:7, Shemos 16:10; Shemos 24:16, Shemos 24:17; Shemos 40:34, Shemos 40:35; Vayikra 9:6, Vayikra 9:23; Bamidbar 14:10; Bamidbar 16:19; Bamidbar 17:7; Bamidbar 2:6, cf. Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:14 = Melachim Alef 8:11, Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:1, Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:2, Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:3; so Ezek., Yechezkel 1:28; Yechezkel 3:12, Yechezkel 3:23; Yechezkel 10:4(×2), Yechezkel 10:18; Yechezkel 11:23; Yechezkel 43:4, Yechezkel 43:5; Yechezkel 44:4; with the variation כ׳ אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Yechezkel 8:4; Yechezkel 9:3; Yechezkel 10:19; Yechezkel 11:22; Yechezkel 43:2, and הַכָּבוֹד Yechezkel 3:23; the sacred tent was sanctified by the Glory Shemos 29:43 (P), and the temple was מְקוֹם מִשְׁכַּן כ׳ Tehillim 26:8; when the ark was captured, the Glory went into exile from Israel Shmuel Alef 4:21, Shmuel Alef 4:22. (2) in historic and ideal manifestations to the pious mind Yahweh’s name is a name of glory Tehillim 72:19 Nechemia 9:5; his eyes of glory Yeshaya 3:8; in the temple his glory is seen Tehillim 63:3; it is על השׁמים Tehillim 113:4; על כל הארץ Tehillim 57:6, Tehillim 57:12; in a thunderstorm he is אֵל הַכָּבוֹד Tehillim 29:3; his glory is לְעוֹלָם Tehillim 104:31; it is great Tehillim 138:5; above all the earth Tehillim 108:6; the whole earth is full of it Yeshaya 6:3; the heavens are declaring כְּבוֹד אֵל Tehillim 19:2; with reference to the divine reign כּ׳ הֲדַר מַלְכוּתוֹ, Tehillim 145:12; הֲדַר כ׳ הוֹדֶ֑ךָ Tehillim 145:5. (3) he is מֶלֶךְ הַכָּבוֹד Tehillim 24:7, Tehillim 24:8, Tehillim 24:9, Tehillim 24:10(×2); he will appear in his glory Tehillim 102:17, his glory will be revealed in a march through the wilderness to the holy land Yeshaya 40:5, the land will see it Yeshaya 35:2, shine with it Yechezkel 43:2, and it will dwell in the land Tehillim 85:10; it will be to the rearward of Israel Yeshaya 58:8; it will arise and be seen upon Jerusalem Yeshaya 60:1, Yeshaya 60:2; Yahweh will be the glory in the midst of her Zecharia 2:9; the temple will be filled with it Chaggai 2:7; the earth will be filled with a knowledge of it Chavakuk 2:14, and with it Bamidbar 14:21 (JE) Tehillim 72:19; it will be declared among the nations and all will see it Yeshaya 66:18, Yeshaya 66:19(×2) Tehillim 97:6 and peoples and kings revere it Tehillim 102:16 Yeshaya 59:19; י׳ will reign before his elders in glory Yeshaya 24:23; the resting-place of the Messiah will be כָּבוֹד Yeshaya 11:10.
honour, dignity of position מנע מִכּ׳ withhold from honour Bamidbar 24:11 (E); ירד מִכּ׳ descend from Yirmiya 48:18; שׁלח אחר כ׳ send after Zecharia 2:12; רוּם בכ׳ Tehillim 112:9; שׁכב בכ׳ Yeshaya 14:18; תמך כ׳ Mishlei 29:23; יַרְבֶּה כ׳ Daniel 11:39; לקח כ׳ take me to honour Tehillim 73:24; not becoming to fools Tehillim 26:1; לפני כ׳ ענוה before honour (goeth) humility Mishlei 15:33; Mishlei 18:12; antithesis קלון Hoshea 4:7; Chavakuk 2:16; Mishlei 3:35, קִיקָלוֹן Chavakuk 2:16; כָּבוֹד is used as collective, of honoured men, dignitaries, nobility כבוד ישׂראל Micha 1:15; elsewhere as cstr. before various nations or with sfs. only Yeshaya 5:13; Yeshaya 8:7; Yeshaya 10:16; Yeshaya 16:14; Yeshaya 17:3, Yeshaya 17:4; Yeshaya 21:16; Yeshaya 22:24.
honour, reputation, of character, of man וְלֹא־לְךָ לְכ׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:18 neither will it be for thine honour;חכמה Koheles 10:1; צדקה Mishlei 21:21; antith. כְּלִמָּה Tehillim 4:3; וְחֵקֶר כְּבֹדָם כָּבוֹד Mishlei 25:27 and searching out of their glory is (not) glory כ׳ לאישׂ Mishlei 20:3; כ׳ אֱלֹהִים הַסְתֵּר דָּבָר וכ׳ מְלָכִים חֲקֹר דָּבָר Mishlei 25:2 the honour of God is to conceal a thing, but the honour of kings is to search out a thing.
my honour, poet. of the seat of honour in the inner man, the noblest part of man ‖ נפשׁי Breishis 49:6 (poem) Tehillim 7:6; לִבִּי Tehillim 16:9 Tehillim 108:2; it is called upon to זמּר Tehillim 30:13 (read כְּבוֹדִי for כָּבוֹד); עוּרָה Tehillim 57:9.
honour, reverence, glory, as due to one or ascribed to one:
of men, due to a father Malachi 1:6; honour done to David by Nathan’s prophecy Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:18; עשׂה כ׳ לְ Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:33 do honour to; נתן כ׳ לְ Mishlei 26:8; ‖ ישׁע Tehillim 62:8.
of God, כְּבוֹדִי the honour due to me (Yahweh) Yeshaya 42:8; Yeshaya 43:7; Yeshaya 48:11 כ׳ שְׁמֶ֑ךָ Tehillim 79:9; נתן כ׳ לְ Shmuel Alef 6:5 Yirmiya 13:16 Malachi 2:2 Tehillim 115:1; שׂים כ׳ לְ Yehoshua 7:19 (J), Yeshaya 42:12; שׂים כ׳ תהלתוֹ Tehillim 66:2; יהב כ׳ ועז לְ Tehillim 29:1; Tehillim 96:7 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:28; יהב כ׳ שְׁמוֹ לְ Tehillim 29:2; Tehillim 96:8 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:29; זמּר כ׳ שְׁמוֹ Tehillim 66:2; ספּר כבודו בגוים Tehillim 96:3 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:24; אמר כ׳ מלכותך Tehillim 145:11; נתן כבודי בגוים Yechezkel 39:21; אֹמֵר כָּבוֹד Tehillim 29:9 say Glory; יַעְלְזוּ בְּכ׳ exult with (ascriptions of) glory Tehillim 149:5.
glory as the object of honour, reverence and glorifying, כְּבוֹדִי Tehillim 3:4 my glory (the one whom I glorify); כְּבוֹדָם Tehillim 106:20 their glory; כְּבוֹדוֹ Yirmiya 2:11.
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כְּבוּדָּ֯ה
n.f. abundance, riches Shoftim 18:21. See also i. [כָּבוֹד].
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כָּבוּל
n.pr.loc.
city on border of Asher Yehoshua 19:27, mod. Kâbûl, 4 h. (9 miles) SE. from Akko, RobBR iii, 88 GuérinGal. i. 422 f.
אֶרֶץ כָּבוּל district in Galilee Melachim Alef 9:13 containing 20 cities given by Sol. to Hiram (popular etymol. poss. כּ as + בֻּל = בַּל not, i.e. as good as nothing, cf. v Melachim Alef 9:12, so Ew Th; Klo conject. ארץ גָּלִיל), BuhlGeogr. § 116.
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כָּבַס
vb. (tread), wash (NH id.; Ph. כבס as pt.; Assyrian kabâsu, tread, (down), subjugate, kilšu, step, path, DlHWB)
Pt. only מְסִלַּת שְׂדֵה כוֹבֵס highway of fuller’s (= treader’s, washer’s) field Yeshaya 7:3; Yeshaya 36:2 = Melachim Beis 18:17.
Pf. וְכִּבֶּס consec. Vayikra 13:6 + 11 times; כִּבֵּס Breishis 49:11 Shmuel Beis 19:25, etc.; Impf. יְכַבֵּס Vayikra 11:25 + 16 times; 2 ms. sf. תְּכַבְּסֵנִי Tehillim 51:9, etc.; Imv. sf. כַּבְּסֵנִי Tehillim 51:4; fs. כַּבְּסִי Yirmiya 4:14; Pt. pl. מְכַבְּסִים Malachi 3:2;—
wash garments (i.e. by treading) Shemos 19:10, Shemos 19:14 (E), Shmuel Beis 19:25; fig. of Judah Breishis 49:11; elsewhere chiefly P: Vayikra 6:20; Vayikra 11:25, Vayikra 11:28; Vayikra 13:6, Vayikra 13:34; Vayikra 15:11; Bamidbar 8:9 +; ‖ רָחץ (which = wash person) Vayikra 14:8, Vayikra 14:9; Vayikra 15:5, Vayikra 15:6, Vayikra 15:7, Vayikra 15:8, Vayikra 15:10, Vayikra 15:11 + (כ׳ in Lv 27 times, ‖ ר׳ 15 times; in Nu 8 times, ‖ ר׳ 3 times); Pt. = fuller (cf. Qal), only בֹּרִית מְכ׳ Malachi 3:2.
wash person, only poet. and fig. אִם תְּכַבְּסִי בַּנֶּתֶר Yirmiya 2:22; כַּבְּסִי מֵרָעָה לִבֵּךְ Yirmiya 4:14; c. sf. Tehillim 51:4 (‖ טהר; + מֵעָוֹן); v Tehillim 51:9 (‖ חִטֵּא).
Pf. וְכֻבַּס consec. Vayikra 13:58; Vayikra 15:17 be washed, of garment.
(Ges§ 54, 3) Inf. אַחֲרֵי הֻכַּבֵּס אֶת־הַנֶּגַע Vayikra 13:55 after the plague is washed out, so v Vayikra 13:56.
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כַּבִּיר
adj. great, mighty, much, only poet., and only Jb Yeshaya 1:—Yeshaya 10:13 Qr (but read as Kt כְּאַבִּיר), 17:22 and Yeshaya 28:2 מים כבירים (usually מַיִם רַבִּים), Iyov 8:2 ורוח כביר אמרי פיך a mighty wind, Iyov 15:10 כביר מאביך ימים (Ges§131, R 5 a) = aged: of God, Iyov 34:17 צַדִּיק כַּבִּיר the just mighty one, Iyov 36:5 a, v b כ׳ כֹּחַ לֵב mighty in strength of understanding; Iyov 34:24 כבירים mighty men; of quantity = much, Yeshaya 16:14 שְׁאָר מְעַט מִזְעָר לוֹא כַבִּיר, Iyov 31:25 ובי כביר מצאה ידי had gotten much.
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כְּבָר
adv. (late) already (freq. in Mish. and NH; 𝔗 כבר (rare) Syriac ܟܒܰܪ usually perhaps, occas. already (Mt 11:21 Heb 1:1); Mand. כבאר already, NöM. p. 202. Der. uncertain, connexion with √ כבר being dub.)already, Koheles 1:10 כְּבָר הָיָה it hath already been, Koheles 2:12, Koheles 2:16; Koheles 3:15(×2); Koheles 4:2; Koheles 6:10; Koheles 9:6, Koheles 9:7.
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כְּבָר²
n.pr.fl. Kĕbār, a river (or perhaps a canal) of Babylonia, not at present identified, by wh. the exiles, among whom Ez. ministered, were settled; always in the phr. נְהַר כְּבָר Yechezkel 1:1, Yechezkel 1:3; Yechezkel 3:15, Yechezkel 3:23; Yechezkel 10:15, Yechezkel 10:20, Yechezkel 10:22; Yechezkel 43:3 (cf. Sm Yechezkel 1:1 DelPar. 47f., 184).
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כָּבִיר
n.[m.] prob. something netted, i.e. either a quilt or (EwH 3. 77 Ke) a fly-net (κωνωπεῖον) spread over the face while a person was asleep; Shmuel Alef 19:13, Shmuel Alef 19:16 כְּבִיר הָעִזִּים a quilt (or fly-net) of goats(’ hair). Vid. further Drad loc.
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כֶּ֫בֶשׂ
n.m. Shemos 29:38 lamb (√ dub.: NH id., battering-ram; Assyrian kabšu, lamb according to COT Gloss.; Arabic كَبْشٌ is ram, leader; Syriac ܟܶܒܫܳܐ lamb, with anom. ܫ, is very rare, and prob. loan-word; Nö in Frä109)כ׳ abs. Shemos 29:39 + 43 times; pl. כְּבָשִׂים v Shemos 29:38 + 61 times; sf. כְּבָשַׂי Iyov 31:20;—
lamb, for sacrif.: Yeshaya 1:11; of daily offering Shemos 29:38, Shemos 29:39(×2), Shemos 29:40, Shemos 29:41 Bamidbar 28:3, Bamidbar 28:4(×2) + 12 times Bamidbar 28; sin-offering Vayikra 4:32; purification Vayikra 12:6; Vayikra 14:10 + 5 times Vayikra 14; dedication of altar Bamidbar 7:15 + 25 times Bamidbar 7; offerings in 7th month Bamidbar 29:2 + 22 times Bamidbar 29, etc. (87 times Ex Lv Nu all P); in Ezekiel’s temple Yechezkel 46:4 + 6 times Yechezkel 46; Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:21 Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:21, Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:22, Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:32; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:7 Ezra 8:35, cf. sim. Yirmiya 11:19.
lambs, as grazing; symb. of devastation Yeshaya 5:17 (cf. GieBeitr. 1890), sim. of Isr. Hoshea 4:16; in predict. וְגָר זְאֵב עִם־כ׳ Yeshaya 11:6.
lambs, as furnishing wool for clothing: Iyov 31:20 גֵּז כ׳, Mishlei 27:26 כ׳ לִלְבוּשֶׁ֑ךָ.
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כִּבְשָׂה
n.f. ewe-lamb; כִּ׳ Shmuel Beis 12:3, Shmuel Beis 12:6; כַּ׳ Vayikra 14:10 Bamidbar 6:14; cstr. כִּבְשַׂת Shmuel Beis 12:4; pl. כְּבָשׂת Breishis 21:29, Breishis 21:30; cstr. כִּבְשׂת v Breishis 21:28;—ewe-lambs (7) set in witness Breishis 21:28, Breishis 21:29, Breishis 21:30 (E); used in sacrif. Vayikra 14:10 (purif.), Bamidbar 6:14 (Nazirite; both P, and both ‖ כֶּבֶשׂ); for food, in Nathan’s parable Shmuel Beis 12:3, Shmuel Beis 12:4, Shmuel Beis 12:6.
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כֶּ֫שֶׂב
n.[m.] lamb (transp. from preceding)כ׳ abs. Vayikra 3:7 + 5 times; pl. כְּשָׂבִים Breishis 30:32 + 6 times;—lamb, as property Breishis 30:32, Breishis 30:33, Breishis 30:35, Breishis 30:40 (J); for sacrif. Vayikra 1:10; Vayikra 3:7; Vayikra 4:35; Vayikra 22:19 Bamidbar 18:17, cf. Vayikra 22:27; for food Vayikra 7:23, cf. Vayikra 17:3 (all P); Devarim 14:4.
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כִּשְׂבָּה
n.f. ewe-lamb Vayikra 5:6 (P).
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כָּבַשׁ
vb. subdue, bring into bondage (NH id., press, oppress; Aramaic כְּבַשׁ, ܟܒܰܫ tread down, beat or make a path, subdue; Arabic كَبَسَ press, squeeze, knead (body or limb, as in the bath, massage), also attack, assault)
Pf. 3 pl. וְכָֽבְשׁוּ consec. Zecharia 9:15; Impf. יִכְבּוֹשׁ Micha 7:19; וַיִּכְבְּשׁוּם Yirmiya 34:11 Qr (Kt Hiph), etc.; Imv. pl. sf. כִּבְשֻׁהָ Breishis 1:28; Inf. כְּבוֹשׁ Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:10 Esther 7:8; Pt. כֹּבְשִׁים Nechemia 5:5;—
bring into bondage, sq. acc. + לַעֲבָדִים Yirmiya 34:11, Yirmiya 34:16 Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:10 Nechemia 5:5.
(late) subdue, force, a woman Esther 7:8 (= earlier עִנָּה).
subdue, dominate, the earth Breishis 1:28 (P), Zecharia 9:15 (of conquest); tread down, sq. אַבְנֵי־קֶלַע; fig. subdue, sq. עֲוֹנֹתֵינוּ Micha 7:19.
Pf. 3 fs. נִכְבְּשָׁה Yehoshua 18:1 + 3 times; Pt. fpl. נִכְבָּשׁוֹת Nechemia 5:5;—pass. of Qal 1, subj. בְּנוֹתֵינוּ Nechemia 5:5; of Qal 3, subj. הָאָרֶץ (of conquest) Bamidbar 32:22, Bamidbar 32:29 Yehoshua 18:1 (all P), Divrei HaYamim Alef 22:18.
Pf. כִּבֵּשׁ subdued Shmuel Beis 8:11, obj. גּוֹיִם.
Impf. bring into bondage sq. acc. + לַעֲבָדִים Yirmiya 34:11 Kt (Qr Qal).
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כִּבְשָׁן
n.m. kiln, for lime or pottery (so Ki, AW; MishnKel viii. 9; √ and original meaning dub.; according to Thes as subduing, reducing its contents, cf. igne ferrum domatur PlinNat. Hist. 36. 27)—always abs.; only in קִיטוֹר הַכּ׳ Breishis 19:28 (J; sim. of smoke of כִּכָּר, Sodom and Gom.); עֶשֶׁן הַכּ׳ Shemos 19:18 (E; sim. of smoke fo Sinai); פִּיחַ כ׳ ashes of kiln Shemos 9:8, cf. v Shemos 9:10 (both P).
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כַּד
n.f. jar (NH id.; Aramaic כַּדָּא)כַּד abs. Melachim Alef 17:12 Koheles 12:6; cstr. Melachim Alef 17:14, Melachim Alef 17:16; כַּדֵּךְ Breishis 24:14, Breishis 24:17, Breishis 24:43 etc.; pl. כַּדִּים Shoftim 7:16(×2) + 3 times;—water-jar, carried on woman’s shoulder Breishis 24:14, Breishis 24:15, Breishis 24:16, Breishis 24:17, Breishis 24:18, Breishis 24:20, Breishis 24:43, Breishis 24:45, Breishis 24:46 (all J), Melachim Alef 18:34 Koheles 12:6; empty (of water), containing lamps Shoftim 7:16, Shoftim 7:19, Shoftim 7:20; containing meal Melachim Alef 17:12, Melachim Alef 17:14, Melachim Alef 17:16. (On extra-Palest. hist. of this word cf. LagBN 104.)
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כַּדְכֹּד
n.[m.] a precious stone, perhaps ruby (from sparkle?; Aramaic ‖ is כַּדְכְּדָנָא); כ׳ Yechezkel 27:16 as article of commerce; כַּדְכֹד Yeshaya 54:12 fig. in promise to Zion.
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כְּדָרְלָעֹמֶר
n.pr.m. king of Elam ( = Babylon. Kudar-Laga[mar] (Lagamaru = n.pr. div.), v. PinchesVict. Inst. Jan. 20, 1896 SayPSBA, June 1896, 176 ScheilRev. Bibl. 1896, 600 f., cf. SchrCOT)Breishis 14:1, Breishis 14:4, Breishis 14:5, Breishis 14:9, Breishis 14:17.
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כֹּה
demonstr. adv. thus, here (BA כָּה; 𝔗 𝔖Jerus. Mand. כָּא here: in Syriac with prefixes ܠܟܳܐ hither, ܡܶܟܳܐ (𝔖Jerus. ܡܶܢ ܟܳܐ) hence, ܐܰܝܟܳܐ where? cf. אֵיכָה, p. 32, and Köii. 1, 252)
of manner, thus (so most freq., and usually pointing to what is to follow, while כֵּן points commonly to what has preceded), Breishis 15:5 כה יהיה זרעך thus shall thy seed be, Bamidbar 6:23 Melachim Alef 2:30 כֹּה דִבֶּר יוֹאָב וְכֹה עָנָנִי, Bamidbar 5:25 Yeshaya 24:13 (answered by כְּ, as Yirmiya 23:29); with a subst. Yeshaya 20:6 הִנֵּה כֹה מַבָּטֵנוּ, Yirmiya 9:21 (si vera l.), Yirmiya 23:29 Shmuel Alef 27:11. Mostly confined to particular phrases: thus
with diff. forms of אמר, כה תאמר thus shalt thou say Shemos 3:14, Shemos 3:15; Shemos 19:3; Shemos 20:19 etc.; especially כה אמר י״י thus saith (or said) י׳ Shemos 4:22; Shemos 5:1; Shemos 7:17, Shemos 7:26; Shemos 8:16 etc.; and continually in the prophets, as Yeshaya 7:7; Yeshaya 8:11; Yeshaya 18:4 etc.; Yirmiya 2:2, Yirmiya 2:5; Yirmiya 4:27; Yirmiya 6:16 etc.; also in the idiom. formula אִם כֹּה יֹאמַר if he say (or used to say) (the words spoken following) †Breishis 31:8 Shmuel Alef 14:9, Shmuel Alef 14:10; Shmuel Alef 20:7 Shmuel Beis 15:26.
with עשׂה to do thus, Shemos 5:15 Devarim 7:5; pointing back, Bamidbar 22:30 Yehoshua 6:14 Shmuel Alef 27:11 al.; especially in the phrase כה יעשׂה אלהים וכה יוסיף (with variations), Shmuel Alef 3:17 + (v. יסף), in which כֹּה points to an imprecation understood but not expressed. With בְּ prefixed †Melachim Alef 22:20 ויאמר זה בְּכֹה וזה אמר בְּכֹה and one spake in this wise, and another spake in that wise (‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:19 כָּכָהכָּכָה; prob. rightly).
of place, here (rare, chiefly in E), Breishis 31:37 שִׂים כֹּה place it here before my brethren, Bamidbar 23:15(×2) Shmuel Beis 18:30 Rus 2:8. Repeated, Shemos 2:12 וַיִּפֶן כֹּה וָכֹה and he turned this way and that way; כֹּהכֹּה on this sideon that side Bamidbar 11:31. With עַד Breishis 22:5 and we will go עַד־כֹּה as far as here (δεικτικῶς) i.e. yonder.
of time, עַד כֹּה hitherto, Shemos 7:16 (cf. עַד־הֵנָּה), Yehoshua 17:14; עַד־כֹּה וְעַד־כֹּה till now and till then, i.e. meanwhile, Melachim Alef 18:45.
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כָּ֫כָה
adv. thus (NH abbrev. to כָּךְ, with preps. בֵּין כָּךְ meanwhile, לְפִיכָךְ therefore; prob. either from כָה and כְּ, lit. as thus, Ol§ 223 h; or from כָּה כָהii. 1, 253), somewhat more emph. than כֹּה, usually prefixed to word which it qualifies:—Shemos 12:11 וככה תאכלו אתו and thus shall ye eat it, Shemos 29:35 Bamidbar 8:26; Bamidbar 11:15 ואם ככה את עשׂה לי, Bamidbar 15:11, Bamidbar 15:12, Bamidbar 15:13; Devarim 25:9; Devarim 29:23 (cf. Melachim Alef 9:8 Yirmiya 22:8); so often with עשׂה: Shmuel Alef 19:17 למה ככה רמיתני why hast thou thus deceived me? Shmuel Beis 17:21 Melachim Alef 1:6, Melachim Alef 1:48; Yirmiya 13:9; Yirmiya 19:11; Yirmiya 28:11; Yirmiya 51:64; once with an adj. Shmuel Beis 13:4 מדוע אתה כָכָה דל why art thou thus lean? Koheles 11:5 answering to כַּאֲשֶׁר; Tehillim 144:15 העם שֶׁכָּכָה לוֹ the people to which it is thus. Once Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:19 repeated, in this wayin that way (‖ Melachim Alef 22:20 בְּכֹהבְּכֹה). Comp. the syn. כָּזֹאת (v. p. 262). With a prep. once, in late Hebrew, Esther 9:26 עַל־כֶּ֫כָה concerning such a matter. With the interrog. אי, אֵיכָכָה how? (p. 32).
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כָּהָה
vb. be or grow dim, faint (NH id.; Aramaic כְּהָא; cf. Arabic كَهِىَ be أَكْهَى, i.e. weak, cowardly)
Pf. 3 fs. כָּֽהֲתָה Devarim 34:7; Impf. יִכְהֶה Yeshaya 42:4; 3 fs. תִּכְהֶה Zecharia 11:17; וַתֵּ֫כַהּ Iyov 17:7; וַתִּכְהֶיןָ Breishis 27:1: Inf. abs. כָּהֹה Zecharia 11:17;—grow dim, of eye Breishis 27:1 (J), Devarim 34:7 Iyov 17:7; of violent putting out of eye Zecharia 11:17(×2); he shall not grow dim Yeshaya 42:4, of servant of י׳ under fig. of lamp or fire (v. Kay Che De), or grow faint (cf. Di).
Pf. 3 fs. וְכִהֲתָה consec. Yechezkel 21:12 (subj. כָּל־רוּחַ; ‖ וְנָמֵס כָּל־לֵב) grow faint (Pi intrans., Ges§ 52 k, Köi. 187; but read perhaps כָּֽהֲתָה).
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כֵּהֶה
adj.dim, dull, faint; only f. כֵּהָה Vayikra 13:6 + 6 times; pl. כֵּהוֹת Vayikra 13:39 Shmuel Alef 3:2;—dim, of eyes Shmuel Alef 3:2; of burning wick (פִּשְׁתָּה כ׳) Yeshaya 42:3; dull (in colour, of plague-spots) Vayikra 13:6, Vayikra 13:21, Vayikra 13:26, Vayikra 13:28, Vayikra 13:39, Vayikra 13:56; fig. = faint רוּחַ כ׳ Yeshaya 61:3 (opp. מַעֲטֵה תְהִלָּה).
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כֵּהָה
n.f. (dimming), lessening, alleviation;—אֵין כ׳ לְשִׁבְרְךָ of Nineveh Nachum 3:19 (read גֵּהָה, healing?).
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כָּהָה²
vb.
rebuke (Syriac ܟܳܐܐ, Mand. כהא (NöM. 72) id.), only Shmuel Alef 3:13 sq. בְּ, וְלֹא כִהָה בָּם.
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כֹּהֵן
n.m. priest (NH כֹּהֵן; Aramaic כָּהֵין, כַּהֲנָא ܟܳܗܶܢ, ܟܳܗܢܳܐ; Ethiopic ካህን, all id.; on Ph. and Arabic v. supr.);—כ׳ Breishis 14:18 + 439 times; pl. כֹּהֲנִים Shemos 19:6 + 272 times; cstr. כֹּהֲנֵי Shmuel Alef 5:5 + 13 times; sf. כֹּהֲנַי Eicha 1:19 + 22 times; sfs.—
priest-king: e.g. Melchizedek Breishis 14:18 (E?), cf. Tehillim 110:4 (the Messianic priest-King like Melchizedek); Zecharia 6:13 (Messianic priest and king); Israel מַמְלֶכֶת כֹּהֲנִים Shemos 19:6 (E) a kingdom of priests (priests and kings at once in their relation to the nations); cf. Yeshaya 61:6 (of Israel ministering as a priest); or a chieftain (exercising priestly functions) כֹּהֵן מִדְיָן Shemos 2:16; Shemos 3:1; Shemos 18:1 (all JE); so also probably the sons of David Shmuel Beis 8:18, his grandson Melachim Alef 4:5; and Ira the Jairite Shmuel Beis 20:26, who as princes performed priestly functions. With these we may class the כהנים Shemos 19:22, Shemos 19:24 (J).
priests of other religions than י׳’s: Potiphera כ׳ אֹן Breishis 41:45, Breishis 41:50 (E), Breishis 46:20 (P); Egyptian כהנים Breishis 47:22(×2), Breishis 47:26 (J); כ׳ דָגוֹן Shmuel Alef 5:5; Philistine כהנים וקסמים Shmuel Alef 6:2; כֹּהֲנָיו his priests: e.g. of Baal Melachim Beis 10:19 = of Ahab Melachim Beis 10:11; of Chemosh Yirmiya 48:7; of Malcam Yirmiya 49:3; Mattan was כ׳ הבעל Melachim Beis 11:18 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:17; הכמרים עם הכהנים Tzefania 1:4; Josiah burned the bones of the priests of the Baalim and Asherim Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:5.
priests of special orders in Israel:
Micah in the hill-country of Ephraim consecrated his own son וַיְהִי־לוֹ לְכֹהֵן Shoftim 17:5; but so soon as he could secure Jonathan ben Gershom, a descendant of Moses (see VB Shoftim 18:30), he consecrated him, היה ל׳ לכהן Shoftim 17:10, Shoftim 17:12, Shoftim 17:13; Shoftim 18:4, Shoftim 18:19; הַכֹּהֵן v Shoftim 18:6, Shoftim 18:17, Shoftim 18:18, Shoftim 18:20, Shoftim 18:24, Shoftim 18:27. He was captured by the Danites, and he and his line became priests at Dan until the Exile, v Shoftim 18:19(×2), Shoftim 18:30.
Jeroboam עשׂה כהנים Melachim Alef 12:31 of those not מבני לוי, as כ׳ (הַ)בָּמוֹת priests of (the) high places Melachim Alef 12:32; Melachim Alef 13:2, Melachim Alef 13:33(×2) = כ׳ לבמות Divrei HaYamim Beis 11:15; Amaziah (of this class) was כ׳ בית־אל Amos 7:10; v. also Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:9; called by Chr כ׳ לְלֹא אלהים v Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:9; yet Hosea rebukes them as priests of י׳ Hoshea 4:4, Hoshea 4:9; Hoshea 5:1; Hoshea 6:9; at the Exile they were deported by the Assyrians Melachim Beis 17:27, Melachim Beis 17:28.
the people imported into Samaria made some of themselves כ׳ במות to worship י׳ the God of the land Melachim Beis 17:32.
priests in Israel הכהנים who bore the ark and the trumpets Yehoshua 3:13, Yehoshua 3:14, Yehoshua 3:15, Yehoshua 3:17; Yehoshua 4:3, Yehoshua 4:9, Yehoshua 4:10, Yehoshua 4:17, Yehoshua 4:18(×2); Yehoshua 6:4(×2), Yehoshua 6:6(×2), Yehoshua 6:8, Yehoshua 6:9, Yehoshua 6:12, Yehoshua 6:13, Yehoshua 6:16 (all JE), Melachim Alef 8:3, Melachim Alef 8:6, Melachim Alef 8:10, Melachim Alef 8:11; Eli was הכהן Shmuel Alef 1:9; Shmuel Alef 2:11; כ׳ יהוה Shmuel Alef 14:3; and his sons כ׳ ליהוה Shmuel Alef 1:3; a מִשְׁפַּט הַכֹּהֲנִים Shmuel Alef 2:13 mentions the ministering priest הכהן and the נַעַר הַכּ׳ Shmuel Alef 2:13, Shmuel Alef 2:14, Shmuel Alef 2:15(×2), Ahijah was הַכּ׳ in time of Saul Shmuel Alef 14:19(×2); Shmuel Alef 14:36; Abimelech הַכּ׳ at Nob, a priestly centre, Shmuel Alef 21:2, Shmuel Alef 21:3, Shmuel Alef 21:5, Shmuel Alef 21:6, Shmuel Alef 21:7, Shmuel Alef 21:10; Shmuel Alef 22:11; where were many כֹּהֲנֵי י׳ Shmuel Alef 22:17(×2), Shmuel Alef 22:21, all slain by Saul except Abiathar son of Ahimelech Shmuel Alef 22:11, Shmuel Alef 22:18(×2), Shmuel Alef 22:19, who became הַכּ׳ Shmuel Alef 23:9; Shmuel Alef 30:7 Melachim Alef 1:7, Melachim Alef 1:19, Melachim Alef 1:25, Melachim Alef 1:42; Melachim Alef 2:22, Melachim Alef 2:26; Zadok later was הַכּ׳ Shmuel Beis 15:27 Melachim Alef 1:8, Melachim Alef 1:26, Melachim Alef 1:32, Melachim Alef 1:34, Melachim Alef 1:38, Melachim Alef 1:39, Melachim Alef 1:44, Melachim Alef 1:45; Melachim Alef 2:35; Melachim Alef 3:2 Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:39; Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:6: so that the two were (ה)כהנים Shmuel Beis 8:17 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:16 (read וְאֶבְיָתָר בֶּן־אח׳ Shmuel Beis 8:17 𝔖 We Dr, and correct Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:16 accordingly) Shmuel Beis 15:35(×2); Shmuel Beis 17:15; Shmuel Beis 19:12; Shmuel Beis 20:25 Melachim Alef 4:4; Sol. removed Abiathar Melachim Alef 2:27 and Zadok was anointed לְכֹהֵן according to Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:22; cf. prediction of rejection of house of Eli and selection of כ׳ נֶאֱמָן Shmuel Alef 2:28, Shmuel Alef 2:35; Jehoiada הַכּ׳ led the revolution against Athaliah Melachim Beis 11:9(×2), Melachim Beis 11:10, Melachim Beis 11:15(×2), Melachim Beis 11:18; Melachim Beis 12:3, Melachim Beis 12:8, Melachim Beis 12:10 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 22:11; Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:8(×2), Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:9, Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:14(×2); Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:2, Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:20, Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:25, perhaps also Yirmiya 29:26; הנהנים sustaining him in his reforms Melachim Beis 12:5, Melachim Beis 12:6, Melachim Beis 12:7, Melachim Beis 12:8, Melachim Beis 12:9, Melachim Beis 12:10, Melachim Beis 12:17; Uriah was הַכּ׳ in the reign of Ahaz Melachim Beis 16:10, Melachim Beis 16:11(×2), Melachim Beis 16:15, Melachim Beis 16:16 Yeshaya 8:2; Hilkiah of Josiah Melachim Beis 22:10, Melachim Beis 22:12, Melachim Beis 22:14; Melachim Beis 23:24 Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:14, Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:18. Other individual priests are named, e.g.: Pashhur of Jehoiachin Yirmiya 20:1; Zephaniah of Zedekiah Yirmiya 21:1; Yirmiya 29:25, Yirmiya 29:26, Yirmiya 29:29; Yirmiya 37:3; הַכּ׳ is Ezekiel’s title Yechezkel 1:3. Priests are classed with officials of state: prophets and priests Melachim Beis 23:2 Yeshaya 28:7 Yirmiya 5:31; Yirmiya 6:13; Yirmiya 8:10; Yirmiya 14:18; Yirmiya 23:11, Yirmiya 23:33, Yirmiya 23:34; Yirmiya 26:7, Yirmiya 26:8, Yirmiya 26:11, Yirmiya 26:16; Yirmiya 29:1; Eicha 2:20; Eicha 4:13; priests and elders Eicha 1:19; Eicha 4:16; king and priest Eicha 2:6; kings, priests, and prophets Yirmiya 13:13; kings, princes, and priests Yirmiya 1:18; princes, eunuchs, and priests Yirmiya 34:19; priest, sage, and prophet Yirmiya 18:18; chiefs, priests, and prophets Micha 3:11; prophets, priests, and elders Yechezkel 7:26; kings, princes, priests, and prophets Yirmiya 2:26; Yirmiya 4:9; Yirmiya 8:1; Yirmiya 32:32; princes, judges, prophets, and priests Tzefania 3:4; seeming to exclude any other officials. Apparently in the same generic sense הכהנים Yirmiya 1:1; Yirmiya 2:8; Yirmiya 27:16; Yirmiya 28:1, Yirmiya 28:5; Yirmiya 29:25; Yirmiya 31:14; כַּכֹּהֵן Yeshaya 24:2; כהנים Iyov 12:19; כהניה Eicha 1:4 Yechezkel 22:26; כהניו Tehillim 78:64. Moses and Aaron among his priests Tehillim 99:6 includes Moses (against P). Zion’s priests clothed with righteousness and salvation Tehillim 132:9, Tehillim 132:16 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:41, prob. here also.
Levitical priests הַכֹּהֲנִים הַלְוִיִּם Devarim 17:9, Devarim 17:18; Devarim 18:1; Devarim 24:8; Devarim 27:9; Yehoshua 3:3; Yehoshua 8:33 (all D), Yirmiya 33:18 (inverted), v Yirmiya 33:21 (neither in 𝔊), Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:5 (= הַכּ׳ וְהַלּ׳ Melachim Alef 8:4: Chronicler retains original Deuteronomic reading), Yechezkel 43:19; Yechezkel 44:15 (cf. 6); הַכּ׳ בְנֵי לֵוִי Devarim 21:5; Devarim 31:9; לקח לכ׳ לל׳ Yeshaya 66:21 take for priests, for Levites (of the nations in Messianic age). Doubtless of same class are: הַכֹּהֲנִים Devarim 18:3; Devarim 19:17; Yehoshua 3:6, Yehoshua 3:8; Yehoshua 4:11 (D); and הַכֹּהֵן, the priest officiating on a partic. occasion Devarim 18:3; Devarim 20:2; or holding a partic. dignity Devarim 17:12; Devarim 26:3, Devarim 26:4. The כהנים of the other cities of Judah, כ׳ הבמות, who were not allowed to minister in Jerusalem Melachim Beis 23:8(×2), Melachim Beis 23:9, Melachim Beis 23:20, may be an attempt to enforce an exclusion from the priesthood of all but Levitical priests.
Zadokite priests: Ezekiel distinguishes among הכהנים הלוים those of the seed of Zadok, בְּנֵי צָדוֹק; all but the latter excluded by him from priesthood Yechezkel 40:46; Yechezkel 43:19; Yechezkel 44:15; Yechezkel 48:11; the priests of his code being all Zadokites Yechezkel 40:45, Yechezkel 40:46; Yechezkel 42:13, Yechezkel 42:14; Yechezkel 43:24, Yechezkel 43:27; Yechezkel 44:21, Yechezkel 44:22, Yechezkel 44:30(×2), Yechezkel 44:31; Yechezkel 45:4, Yechezkel 45:19; Yechezkel 46:2, Yechezkel 46:19, Yechezkel 46:20; Yechezkel 48:10, Yechezkel 48:13.
Aaronic priests. In H. it is taken for granted that a priest is of the seed of Aaron; the pl. is never used; כֹּהֵן is used for any priest Vayikra 21:9; Vayikra 22:10, Vayikra 22:11, Vayikra 22:12, Vayikra 22:13; הַכֹּהֵן for Aaron Vayikra 21:21, and for the official priest (acting for the priesthood, almost collective) Vayikra 17:5, Vayikra 17:6; Vayikra 22:14; Vayikra 23:10, Vayikra 23:11, Vayikra 23:20(×2); Vayikra 27:8(×3), Vayikra 27:11, Vayikra 27:12(×2), Vayikra 27:14(×2), Vayikra 27:18, Vayikra 27:21, Vayikra 27:23. The priests of P are בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן Vayikra 1:5, Vayikra 1:8, Vayikra 1:11; Vayikra 2:2; Vayikra 3:2; Vayikra 21:1 Bamidbar 3:3; Bamidbar 10:8 Yehoshua 21:19; so in Chronicles Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:9, Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:10; Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:18; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:21; Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:19; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:14(×2); הַכֹּהֵן is used of Aaron 22 times, Eleazar 29 times, Phinehas Yehoshua 22:30 and elsewhere; 180 times of ministering priests, or generic of the priests; הכהנים Vayikra 6:22; Vayikra 7:6; Vayikra 13:2; Vayikra 16:33 Yehoshua 4:16; כהן Vayikra 6:16. Chronicles distinguishes הַכֹּהֲנִים וְהַלְוִיִּם Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:2; Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:11, Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:14; Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:2; Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:6, Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:31; Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:13, Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:21 Divrei HaYamim Beis 8:15; Divrei HaYamim Beis 11:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:9, Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:10; Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:4; Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:5; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:4; Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:15, Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:25; Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:2(×2), Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:4, Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:9; Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:30; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:8, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:18 (the variants without וְ Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:18; Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:27 are due to copyists’ errors). Ezra 1:5; Ezra 2:70; Ezra 3:8, Ezra 3:12; Ezra 6:20; Ezra 7:7; Ezra 8:29, Ezra 8:30; Ezra 9:1 Nechemia 7:71; Nechemia 8:13; Nechemia 11:3; Nechemia 12:1, Nechemia 12:30, Nechemia 12:44(×2); Nechemia 13:30; הלוים והכהנים Divrei HaYamim Beis 19:8; Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:21; priests, Levites, and others Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:2 Ezra 10:5 Nechemia 10:1, Nechemia 10:29, Nechemia 10:35; Nechemia 11:20; בְּנֵי לֵוִי antith. to הַכּ׳ Ezra 8:15; הכהן בן אהרן עם הלוים Nechemia 10:39; (ה)כהנים in Chr 67 times has the same reference, as also כֹּהֲנֵינוּ Ezra 9:7 Nechemia 9:32, Nechemia 9:34; כֹּהֵן Ezra 2:63 = Nechemia 7:64; כ׳ ליהוה Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:17; כהניו His (God’s) priests Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:12; כ׳ מוֹרֶה teaching priest Divrei HaYamim Beis 15:3; הַכֹּהֵן is used of Jehoiada in time of David Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:5, and Azariah in the reign of Uzziah Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:17. In the literature of the restoration הַכֹּהֵן is used of Ezra, Ezra 7:11; Ezra 10:10, Ezra 10:16 Nechemia 8:2, Nechemia 8:9; Nechemia 12:26; Uriah Ezra 8:33; Eliashib Nechemia 13:4; Shelemiah Nechemia 13:13; הכהנים Yoel 1:9, Yoel 1:13; Yoel 2:17 Chaggai 2:11, Chaggai 2:12, Chaggai 2:13 Zecharia 7:5 Malachi 1:6; Malachi 2:1; priests and prophets Zecharia 7:3; כהן Malachi 2:7.
the high priest: הַכֹּהֵן is frequently used (see 4) to designate the priest who was at the head of priestly affairs. The adj. הַגָּדוֹל first appears of Jehoiada Melachim Beis 12:11, then of Hilkiah Melachim Beis 22:4, Melachim Beis 22:8; Melachim Beis 23:4; Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:9; after the exile, of Joshua Chaggai 1:1, Chaggai 1:12, Chaggai 1:14; Chaggai 2:2, Chaggai 2:4 Zecharia 3:1, Zecharia 3:8; Zecharia 6:11, and Eliashib Nechemia 3:1, Nechemia 3:20; Nechemia 13:28. But P uses it of Aaron and his eldest descendants who are anointed with holy oil Vayikra 21:10 (H; הכ׳ הַגָּדוֹל מֶאֶהָיו), Bamidbar 35:25, Bamidbar 35:28(×2) Yehoshua 20:6, and so הַכּ׳ הַמָּשִׁיהַ Vayikra 4:3, Vayikra 4:5, Vayikra 4:16; Vayikra 6:15, cf. Vayikra 16:32. כ׳ הָרֹאשׁ is used of Seraiah Melachim Beis 25:18 = Yirmiya 52:24; and, in Chronicler, of Amariah Divrei HaYamim Beis 19:11, Jehoiada Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:11, Azariah, Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:20; Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:10; of Aaron Ezra 7:5. (We also supposes הרואה in Shmuel Beis 15:27 to be a corruption of הראשׁ, which he regards as postexilic insertion. The text is corrupt [see DrSm. l.c.]; but this correction is improbable. Lists of high priests occur Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:30-41; Divrei HaYamim Alef 6:35-38.) A priest of second rank (כֹּהֵן (ה)מִשְׁנֶה) appears in Melachim Beis 23:4 (cstr. pl. incorrect), Melachim Beis 25:18 = Yirmiya 52:24; זִקְנֵי הַכּ׳ Melachim Beis 19:2 = Yeshaya 37:2, Yirmiya 19:1; שָׂרֵי הַכּ׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:14 Ezra 8:24, Ezra 8:29; Ezra 10:5; רָאשֵׁי הַכּ׳ Nechemia 12:7.
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כָּהַן
vb. only Pi.denom. act as priest;—Pf. כִּהֵן Shemos 40:13 Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:36; 3 mpl. כִּהֲנוּ Shemos 28:41; Shemos 40:15; Impf. 3 ms. יְכַהֵן Bamidbar 3:4 + 2 times; pl. יְכַהֲנוּ Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:2; Inf. cstr. כַּהֵן Shemos 29:1 + 11 times; sf. כַּהֲנוֹ Shemos 28:1, Shemos 28:3, Shemos 28:4.—
minister as a priest, abs. Shemos 31:10; Shemos 35:19; Shemos 39:41 Vayikra 16:32 Bamidbar 3:3, Bamidbar 3:4 (all P); כ׳ לִי minister to me (י׳) Shemos 28:1, Shemos 28:3, Shemos 28:4, Shemos 28:41; Shemos 29:1, Shemos 29:44; Shemos 30:30; Shemos 40:13, Shemos 40:15 (all P), Yechezkel 44:13 Hoshea 4:6; כ׳ ליהוה Vayikra 7:35 (P), Divrei HaYamim Alef 5:36; Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:2 Divrei HaYamim Beis 11:14 (always of Aaron and his sons, except Yechezkel 44:13 Divrei HaYamim Beis 11:14, where Levites are forbidden to minister; and Hoshea 4:6 of Israel, whose national priesthood is taken away).
be or become priest Devarim 10:6 (E?).
play the priest: כֶּחָתָן יְכַהֵן פְּאֵר Yeshaya 61:10 as a bridegroom (that) priests it with his turban, decks himself with a splendid turban such as the priests wore.
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כְּהֻנָּה
n.f. priesthood;—abs. כ׳ Shemos 29:9 + 5 times; cstr. כְּהֻנַּת Bamidbar 25:13 + 2 times; sf. כְּהֻנַּתְכֶם Bamidbar 18:1, Bamidbar 18:7(×2); כְּהֻנָּתָם Bamidbar 3:10; pl. כְּהֻנּוֹת Shmuel Alef 2:36.—כהנת יהוה priesthood of י׳, the portion of the Levites Yehoshua 18:7 (D); pl. priest’s offices Shmuel Alef 2:36; elsewhere Shemos 29:9; Shemos 40:15 Bamidbar 3:10; Bamidbar 16:10; Bamidbar 18:1, Bamidbar 18:7(×2); Bamidbar 25:13 (all P), Ezra 2:62 = Nechemia 7:63, Nechemia 13:29(×2).
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כִּי
n.[m.] burning, branding (for form, cf. רִי from רָוָה, אִי, צִי, עִי: Köii. 1. 64)—only כִּי תַּחַת יֹ֑פִי Yeshaya 3:24 branding instead of beauty, in judgment on women of Jerusalem.
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כְּוִיָּה
n.f. id.; כ׳ תַּחַת כ׳ Shemos 21:25.
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כּוֹכָב²
v. sub כבב.
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כּוּל
vb. comprehend, contain (NH, Aramaic id., measure, measure out, of dry or liquid measure; Syriac Aph. ܐܰܟܻܝܠ id.; Arabic كَالَ measure grain)
Pf. only Yeshaya 40:12 מִיכָּל בְּשָׁלִשׁ עֲפַר הָאָרֶץ who hath comprehended the dust of the earth in a shalish-measure?
Pf. כִּלְכֵּל Shmuel Beis 19:33; sf. כִּלְכְּלָם Melachim Alef 18:4; 2 ms. sf. כִּלְבַּלְתָּם Nechemia 9:21, etc.; Impf. יְכַלְכֵּל Zecharia 11:16 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. כַּלְכֵּל Yirmiya 20:9 +, etc.; Pt. מְכַלְכֵּל Malachi 3:2;—sustain, maintain, contain:
contain, sq. acc. pers. Melachim Alef 8:27 Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:5; Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:18 (heavens cannot contain י׳); hold in, restrain Yahweh’s word within one, Yirmiya 20:9.
support, endure, sickness רוּחַ אִישׁ יְכַל׳ מַחֲלֵ֑הוּ Mishlei 18:14 Malachi 3:2 (obj. אֶת־יוֹם בּוֹאוֹ); of sustaining a cause, in court, יְכַל׳ דְּבָרָיו בְּמִשְׁפָּט Tehillim 112:5.
Pf. 3 pl. כָּלְכְּלוּ were supplied with food Melachim Alef 20:27 (Klo proposes בַּגִּלְבֹּעַ)
Impf. יָכִיל Melachim Alef 7:26 + 2 times etc.; Inf. cstr. הָכִיל Yirmiya 6:11 + 5 times;—contain, hold, hold in, endure;
contain, sq. acc. (of liquid) Melachim Alef 7:26, Melachim Alef 7:38 Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:5; in fig. Yirmiya 2:13, abs. Yechezkel 23:32; (of burnt-offering) Melachim Alef 8:64 Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:7; hold in (wrath of י׳, obj. not expr.), Yirmiya 6:11 (opp. שָׁפַךְ); on Yechezkel 21:33 v. אָכַל.
sustain, endure, sq. acc. Amos 7:10 Yirmiya 10:10 Yoel 2:11.
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כִּימָה
n.f. perhaps Pleiades (v. supr. NH id.; 𝔗 כִּימָא, 𝔖 ܟܻܝܡܳܐ )—as made by י׳, Amos 5:8 (‖ כְּסִיל), Iyov 9:9 (‖ עָשׁ, כְּסִיל, חַדְרֵי תֵמָן); and under his control, מַעֲדַנּוֹת כ׳ Iyov 38:31 (‖ משְׁכוֹת כְּסִיל).—(SternJüd. Zeitschr. f. Wissen. u. Leben. iii. (1864–65) 258 ff. Nö in SchenkelBL HoffmZAW iii. 107 ff. interpret עשׁ as Pleiades, and כימה as Sirius).
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כּוּן
vb. prob. be firm, only in der. conj. (NH Aramaic כּוּן, in der. conj., כִּיוֵּן arrange, direct; ܟܰܘܶܢ put right, correct; Assyrian kânu, be firm, right DlHWB 321; Arabic كَانَ (med. و) exist, occur, be; so Ethiopic ኮነ Sab. כון DHM ZMG 1875, 599, Ph. כון be (often));—
Pf. (on 3 ms. v. Pt. infr.), 2 fs. נָכ֫וֹנָה Melachim Alef 2:46; 3 pl. נָכ֫וֹנוּ Mishlei 19:29; נָכֹ֫נוּ Yechezkel 16:7; Impf. יִכּוֹן Mishlei 12:3 +; 3 fs. תִּכּוֹן Yirmiya 30:20 +; וַתִּכֹּן Melachim Alef 2:12 Divrei HaYamim Beis 8:16, etc.; Imv. חִכּוֹן Amos 4:12; הִכֹּן Yechezkel 38:7; pl. הכונוּ Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:4 Kt (Qr הָכִינוּ Hiph.); Pt. נָכוֹן Breishis 41:32 + (in Tehillim 93:2 and perhaps elsewhere the Pf. would be poss.); cstr. נְכוֹן Mishlei 4:18; f. נְכוֹנָה Tehillim 5:10 + 2 times; pl. נְכֹנִים Shemos 19:11 + 2 times; pass. or neut., and (less often) reflex.:—
be set up, established, fixed:
lit., of house upon (עַל) pillars Shoftim 16:26, Shoftim 16:29, so, in metaph., of temple-mt. Yeshaya 2:2 = Micha 4:1, עֲדָתוֹ Yirmiya 30:20; be firm, of breasts at puberty Yechezkel 16:7; firmly established, of תֵּבֵל Tehillim 93:1 = Tehillim 96:10 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:30; firm, i.e. a strong support, of י׳’s hand יָדִי תִּכּוֹן עִמּוֹ Tehillim 89:22 (‖ זְרוֹעִי תְאַמְּצֶנּוּ).
of any persons, be established, stable, secure, enduring Iyov 21:8 (c. לִפְנֵי) Mishlei 12:3, also v Mishlei 12:19 (subj. שְׂפַת אֱמֶת), Tehillim 101:7 (c. לְנֶגֶד עֵינָ֑י), Tehillim 102:29 (c. לְפָנֶיךָ), Tehillim 140:12 (c. בָּאָרֶץ); of plans Mishlei 16:3; Mishlei 20:18; נְכוֹן הַיּוֹם Mishlei 4:18 the established, stable, (part) of the day, i.e. mid-day, when the sun seems motionless in mid-heaven.—Shmuel Beis 6:6 v. נָכוֹן n.pr. infr.
fixed, securely determined נ׳ הַדָּבָר מֵעִם הָאֱלֹהִים (‖ אֱמֶת) Breishis 41:32 (E); so כְּשַׁחַר נָכוֹן מֹצָאוֹ Hoshea 6:3 MT, but read כְּשַׁחֲרֵנוּ כֵּן נִמְצָאֵהוּ Gie Beiträge 208 Wead loc.; substantiated, certain, of an allegation Devarim 13:15 = Devarim 17:4; אֶל־נָכוֹן according to (what is) certain, = certainly, assuredly Shmuel Alef 23:23; Shmuel Alef 26:4 (v. Dr).
in moral sense, be directed aright, of ways Mishlei 4:26 Tehillim 119:5 (cf. Hiph. 3); be fixed aright, stedfast נָכוֹן לִבִּי Tehillim 57:8(×2); Tehillim 108:2, so Tehillim 112:7; לִבָּם לֹא נָכוֹן עִמּוֹ Tehillim 78:37; רוּחַ נָכוֹן Tehillim 51:12 (‖ לֵב טָהוֹר); לא נָכוֹן לעשׂות כן Shemos 8:22 (J) is is not right, proper, etc.; pt. f. נְכוֹנָה as subst. = what is right, the right Iyov 42:7, Iyov 42:8; = uprightness Tehillim 5:10.
prepare, be ready, pers. Amos 4:12 (c. ל inf.); words Mishlei 22:18; הִכֹּן וְהָכֵן לְךָ Yechezkel 38:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:4 Kt (Qr Hiph.); pt. as adj. = prepared, ready, often c. הָיָה, of persons Shemos 19:11, Shemos 19:15; Shemos 34:2 Yehoshua 8:4 (all JE); of things, sq. ל pers. Iyov 12:5 Nechemia 8:10, ל loc. Iyov 18:12, ל nom. act. Tehillim 38:18; ב loc. Iyov 15:23;
pass. be prepared, of judgments Mishlei 19:29 (ל pers.); of work be arranged, settled Divrei HaYamim Beis 8:16; fig. of prayer Tehillim 141:2 be arranged, set in order, as incense before thee (> present itself as incense); be arranged, ordered, of temple service Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:35; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:10, Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:16.
Pf. הֵכִין Yehoshua 4:4 +; sf. הֱכִינַנִי Melachim Alef 2:24; הֱכִינוֹ Shmuel Beis 5:12 Divrei HaYamim Alef 14:2; הֱכִינָהּ Iyov 28:27; 2 ms. הֲכִינוֹתָ Iyov 11:13 +; 3 pl. הֵכִינוּ Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:39 +; וְהֵכִינוּ consec. Shemos 16:5; 1 pl. הֲכִינוֹנוּ Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:16; הֵכַנּוּ (Ges§ 72, R. 6) Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:19, etc. Impf. יָכִין Shoftim 12:6 +; וַיָּ֫כֶן Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:1 + 3 times etc.; Imv. הָכֵן Breishis 43:16 +; pl. הָכִינוּ Yehoshua 1:11 +; Inf. abs. הָכֵן Yehoshua 3:17, so הָכִין Yehoshua 4:3 (read הָכֵרו, v. Di), Yirmiya 10:23 (v. Gie), Yechezkel 7:14 (v. Sm Co and infr.; see on all Köni. 468); cstr. הָכִין Yeshaya 9:6 +; sf. הֲכִינוֹ Nachum 2:4 Mishlei 8:27; הֲכִינָתּ Yirmiya 33:2; Pt. מֵכִין Yirmiya 10:12 + 4 times;—(favourite word in Ch., in various applications)
establish, set up:
God’s faithfulness Tehillim 89:3; heart of humble Tehillim 10:17.
= accomplish, do Yirmiya 33:2 (‖ עשׂה), = make Yeshaya 40:20 Iyov 28:27.
make firm, only inf. abs., as adv. = firmly הָכֵן Yehoshua 3:17; הָכִין Yehoshua 4:3 (v. supr.)
fix, so as to be ready, make ready, prepare, a gift Breishis 43:25 (J), place Shemos 23:20 (JE), Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:1; c. לְ rei Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:1, Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:3, also (obj. om.) v Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:12 (vid. Be, and DaSynt. § 144), Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:4 (בַּהֵכִין), v. Ges§ 138 i); often prepare food, acc. + לְ pers. Yehoshua 1:11 (D), Tehillim 78:20; לְ om. Mishlei 6:8; Mishlei 30:25; obj. om. Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:39 Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:14(×2), Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:15; both om. Breishis 43:16 (J), Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:32; prepare a road Devarim 19:3, a sacrifice Tzefania 1:7, ambuscades Yirmiya 51:12, one’s work Mishlei 24:27, materials for (לְ) temple Divrei HaYamim Alef 22:3, Divrei HaYamim Alef 22:14, also v Divrei HaYamim Alef 22:14 (no לְ), Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:2, Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:3; weapons (c. לְ pers.) Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:14 and (hostile purpose) Tehillim 7:14, cf. Tehillim 57:7, Yeshaya 14:21 prepare slaughter-place for (לְ) his children; store-rooms Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:11, also v Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:11 (obj. om.); gallows (c. לְ pers.) Esther 6:4; Esther 7:10; corn (produce of land) Tehillim 65:10; land v Tehillim 65:10, so (= restore) Tehillim 68:11; persons (ל) Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:6; fig. of belly preparing deceit Iyov 15:35; make preparation (for, לְ rei) Divrei HaYamim Alef 22:5, and v Divrei HaYamim Alef 22:5 (לְ om.); sq. לִבְנוֹת Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:2, c. acc. material + לִבְנוֹת Melachim Alef 5:32 Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:16; without לְ, make ready Shmuel Alef 23:22 Nachum 2:4; Yechezkel 7:14 (read הָכִינוּ הָכֵן Co, for ה׳ הַכֹּל MT) = make full preparation! make thee ready! Yirmiya 46:14 (לְ dat. ethiopic), Yechezkel 38:7 (id.), Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:4.
direct one’s face towards (אֶל־) Yechezkel 4:3, Yechezkel 4:7; in moral and spiritual sense, direct one’s step (צַעֲדוֹ) = order aright, Yirmiya 10:23 (v. supr.), Mishlei 16:9, so (פְּעָמַי) Tehillim 119:133; הֵכִין דְּרָכָיו לִפְנֵי י׳ אֱלֹהָיו Divrei HaYamim Beis 27:6, also (sq. דרכיו only) Mishlei 21:29 Kt (Qr יָבִין); עַל הַהֵכִין הָאֱלֹהִים לָעָם Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:36 that which God had ordered aright for the people (on art. = pron. rel. v. Ges§ 138, 3, b); sq. לֵב Iyov 11:13 Tehillim 78:8; + לְ, לֹא הֵכִין לִבּוֹ לִדְרוֹשׁ אֶת־י׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:14, so Divrei HaYamim Beis 19:3; Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:19; + לִדְרוֹשׁ אֶת־תּוֹרַת י׳ Ezra 7:10; הכין לבב אֶל־י׳ Shmuel Alef 7:3 direct the heart towards י׳, Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:18 (י׳ subj.), so (c. לֵאלֹהִים) Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:33; hence (no obj. expr.) = give attention, sq. inf. Shoftim 12:6.
arrange, order Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:19 (of sacred vessels; + הִקְדַּשְׁנוּ), Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:20 (of temple).
Pf. הוּכַן Yeshaya 30:33, וְהוּכַן consec. Yeshaya 16:5 Zecharia 5:11; וְהֻכַן Nachum 2:6; Pt. מוּכָן Mishlei 21:31, pl. מוּכָנִים Yechezkel 40:43;—
be established, of throne Yeshaya 16:5; be fastened, of hooks Yechezkel 40:43.
be prepared for (לְ pers.) Yeshaya 30:33 and (לְ temp.) Mishlei 21:31; abs. Nachum 2:6; be ready Zecharia 5:11.
Pf. 3 ms. כּוֹנֵן Tehillim 9:8 + 3 times, וְכוֹנֵן consec. Chavakuk 2:12; sf. כּוֹנְנָהּ Yeshaya 45:18; 2 ms. כּוֹנֲנְתָּ Tehillim 99:4; Tehillim 119:90, כּוֹנָ֑נְתָּה Tehillim 8:4, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְכוֹנֵן Yeshaya 62:7; sf. וַיְכֹנְנֶ֑ךָ Devarim 32:6, יְכוֹנְנֶהָ Tehillim 24:2 +, sf. 1 pl. וַיְכֻנֶנּוּ Iyov 31:15 (וַיְכוּנֶּנוּ van d. H.); 2 ms. תְּכוֹנֵן Tehillim 7:10; Tehillim 21:13, etc.; Imv. כּוֹנֵן Iyov 8:8 (but on text v. infra), כּוֹנְנָה Tehillim 90:17, sf. כּוֹנְנֵהוּ Tehillim 90:17;—orig. make firm;
set up, establish:
of men, found, a city Chavakuk 2:12 (‖ בנה), Tehillim 107:36.
of God, establish, king’s throne Shmuel Beis 7:13 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:12, his own throne Tehillim 9:8 (לְמִשְׁפָּט), sanctuary Shemos 15:17 (song), a nation Devarim 32:6 (poem; ‖ קנה, עשׂה), a city Tehillim 48:9; Tehillim 87:5 Yeshaya 62:7, תֵּבֵל Tehillim 24:2 (c. עַל, ‖ יָסַד), אֶרֶץ Tehillim 119:90, cf. Yeshaya 45:18, also Tehillim 68:10 (obj. om., read perhaps אֶרֶץ צִיָּה Bi Che), heavens Mishlei 3:19 (‖ יָסַד־אָ֑רֶץ), moon and stars Tehillim 8:4; fig., steps of men Tehillim 40:3, work of men’s hands Tehillim 90:17(×2), justice Tehillim 99:4; establish, i.e. vindicate and make secure to righteous (צַדִּיק) Tehillim 7:10.
constitute, make, a man (in womb) Iyov 31:15 (‖ עשׂה), cf. Tehillim 119:73 (‖ id.); c. acc. + לְ rei + לְ pers. reflex. Shmuel Beis 7:24 thou hast made for thyself (לְךָ), thy people (אֶת־עַמְּךָ) Israel for thyself (לְךָ) into a people (לְעָם) for ever.
fix, so as to be ready, arrow upon (עַל) string Tehillim 11:2 so (חֵץ om.) Tehillim 21:13 (c. עַל־פְּנֵיהֶם), and poss. (חֵץ om.) Yeshaya 51:13 (Di Che al.; but dub., cf. Du; verse corrupt according to CheIntr. Is. 427), a bow Tehillim 7:13.
direct (sc. לֵב), sq. לְחֵקֶר Iyov 8:8, i.e. give attention to (but no ‖ in Poʿl.; read perhaps בּוֹנֵן, cf. Devarim 32:10 v. Ol Di). Poʿlal. Pf. be established: מי׳ מִצְעֲדֵי־גֶבֶר כּוֹנָ֑נוּ Tehillim 37:23 from י׳ are a man’s steps established; = be prepared כּוֹנָנ֑וּ Yechezkel 28:13 but del. Co Da after A B 𝔖 al. Hithpoʿl. Impf.; be established, of house, 3 ms. יִתְכּוֹנָ֑ן Mishlei 24:3 (‖ יִבָּנֶה), of nation, 2 fs. תִּכּוֹנָ֑נִי (Ges§ 54. 2. b) Yeshaya 54:14; 3 fs. תִּכּוֹנֵן = be restored, of city Bamidbar 21:27 (JE; ‖ תִּבָּנֶה); set oneself, take one’s stand 3 mpl. יִכּוֹנָ֑נוּ Tehillim 59:5.
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כֵּן
adj. right, veritable, honest (proposes firm, upright; Syriac ܟܻܐܢ recte PS1662)—abs. כֵּן Shemos 10:29 + (on poss. cstr. v. 2 ad fin.); pl. כֵּנִים Breishis 42:11, Breishis 42:19, Breishis 42:31, Breishis 42:33, Breishis 42:34;—
right, usually indecl., often as subst. a right thing, especially c. vbb. dicendi Shemos 10:29 (J) כֵּן דִּבַּרְתָּ, Bamidbar 27:7 כֵּן דֹּבְרֹת, Bamidbar 36:5 (both P); כֵּן יַאֲרִיךְ Mishlei 28:2 (the) right (i.e. order and justice) shall last long (v. De Now VB); = adv. aright, of pronunciation Shoftim 12:6; also c. vb. agendi Koheles 8:10 (on Yeshaya 33:23 v. iii. כֵּן sub כנן); right well ψ Yeshaya 65:10; (Che; al. = so); c. לֹא, as adj., not right דְּבָרִים אֲשֶׁר לֹא־כֵן Melachim Beis 17:9 things which were not right (vb. agendi); of heart of a fool Mishlei 15:7; Yirmiya 23:10; as subst. = what is not right, upright Yirmiya 8:6; c. vb. agendi לֹא־כֵן Melachim Beis 7:9 that which is not right we are doing, Yirmiya 48:30.
veritable, true, כֵּן־צְדָקָה Mishlei 11:19 the veritable of righteousness = true righteousness; Yeshaya 16:6 = Yirmiya 48:30 may be either their boastings are not true or (Thes Che Di Du Gr Gie al.) the untruth of their boastings (לֹא־כֵן as cpd. cstr.); abs., in assent to something already said, Right! Correct! True! Yehoshua 2:4.
pl. concr. honest (men) Breishis 42:11, Breishis 42:19, Breishis 42:31, Breishis 42:33, Breishis 42:34 (all E).—i. כֵּן thus, so, v. p. 485 infr.; iii. כֵּן place, base, v. sub i. כנן; iv. כֵּן, כִּנִּם, כִּנָּם, v. sub כנן.
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כּוּן²
n.pr.loc. city of Hadarezer (מִטִּבְחַת) וּמִכּוּן עָרֵי ה׳ Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:8, 𝔊 ἐκ τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν πολέ(μ)ων (= בֵּרֹתַי Shmuel Beis 8:8); = mod. Kuna, near Bereitan (betw. Laodicea and Heliopolis), according to FurrerZPV viii, 34, v. בֵּרוֹתָה p. 92 supr., and Thes.
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כּוֹנַנְיָ֫הוּ
Kt, כֳּנַנְיָ֫הוּ Qr, n.pr.m. Levites.
Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:9.—𝔊 Χωμενιας, Χωνενιας, A Χωχενιας.
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כּוֹס
n.f. La 4:21 cup (√ unknown; perhaps kindred with כִּיס, q.v.; NH id.; Ph. כסת; Aramaic כָּס, ܟܳܣ; Arabic كَأْسٌ is Aramaic loan-wd. according to Frä 171, but see DHMVOJ i, 27)כ׳ abs. Breishis 40:11 +; כּ֯יֹס Mishlei 23:31; cstr. Breishis 40:11 +; sf. כּוֹסִי Tehillim 16:5; Tehillim 23:5 etc.; pl. abs. כֹּסוֹת Yirmiya 35:5;—cup Shmuel Beis 12:3; for wine Breishis 40:11(×3), Breishis 40:13, Breishis 40:21 (all E), Mishlei 23:31 Yirmiya 35:5; שְׂפַת־כּוֹס Melachim Alef 7:26 Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:5; כ׳ תַּנְחוּמִים Yirmiya 16:7 the cup offered to mourners; fig. (wine-) cup of judgment of י׳, from which the nations, or Isr., must drink Yirmiya 46:12 Eicha 4:21 Tehillim 75:9; כ׳ חֲמָתוֹ Yeshaya 51:17, Yeshaya 51:22; כ׳ הַיַּיִן הַחֵמָה Yirmiya 25:15, cf. v Yirmiya 25:17. Yirmiya 25:28; כ׳ הַתַּרְעֵלָה Yeshaya 51:17, Yeshaya 51:22; כ׳ שַׁמָּה וּשְׁמָמָה Yechezkel 23:33, cf. v Yechezkel 23:31, Yechezkel 23:32, Yechezkel 23:33; כ׳ יְמִין י׳ Chavakuk 2:16; by bold metaph. Babylon is such a cup כ׳ זָהָב בְּיַד י׳ Yirmiya 51:7; so of wicked persons, fire, brimstone, and burning wind are מְנָת־כּוֹסָם Tehillim 11:6 the portion of their cup; כ׳ in good sense, cup of blessing Tehillim 23:5 (overflowing); י׳ מְנָת חֶלְקִי וְכוֹסִי Tehillim 16:5; כ׳ יְשׁוּעוֹת Tehillim 116:13.
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כּוֹס²
n.[m.] a kind of owl (according to Vrss; v. Kn-Di Vayikra 11:17; wd. perhaps onomatop.)—unclean bird Vayikra 11:17 Devarim 14:16, dwelling in ruins כ׳ חֳרָבוֹת Tehillim 102:7
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כּוּר
n.[m.] smelting-pot or furnace (Arabic كُور; NH id.; Aramaic id., ܟܽܘܪ; Ethiopic ከውር: )pot or furnace for smelting metals, but alw. in metaph. or sim. of human sufferings in punishment or discipline: iron (fig. of Egypt as place of bondage) מִכּ׳ הַבַּרְזֶל Devarim 4:20 Yirmiya 11:4, מִתּוֹךְ כ׳ הַבּ׳ Melachim Alef 8:51; gold כ׳ לַזָּהָב Mishlei 17:3 = Mishlei 27:21 (‖ מַצְרֵף); various metals Yechezkel 22:18, Yechezkel 22:20, Yechezkel 22:22; once בְּכוּר עֹ֑נִי Yeshaya 48:10 in a smelting-pot of a affliction.
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כִּיֹּר
n.m. 1 K 7:38 pot, basin (NH כִּיּוֹר wash-basin, so Aramaic כִּיּוֹרָא)—abs. כִּיֹּר Melachim Alef 7:30 + 8 times; כִּיּוֹר Shmuel Alef 2:14 + 5 times; cstr. כִּיּוֹר Shemos 30:18 + 2 times; pl. abs. כִּיֹּרוֹת Melachim Alef 7:40 (but v. infr.), Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:14; כִּיֹּרֹת Melachim Alef 7:43; כִּיּוֹרִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:6; cstr. כִּיֹּרוֹת Melachim Alef 7:38;—
pot for cooking Shmuel Alef 2:14 (‖ דּוּד, קַלַּחַת, פָּרוּר).
fire-pot כִּיּוֹר אֵשׁ Zecharia 12:6 (‖ לַפִּיד אֵשׁ; fig. of chiefs of Judah).
basin of bronze for washing laver; set on a bronze support
10 in number, 5 at front corners of temple Melachim Alef 7:30, Melachim Alef 7:38(×3), Melachim Alef 7:43 Melachim Beis 16:17 Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:14, Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:6 (Melachim Alef 7:40 read הַסִּירוֹת as v Melachim Alef 7:45 and ‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:11, Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:16, so Heb. Codd. 𝔊 𝔙 Th Ke Sta Klo al.)
platform or stage of bronze (prob. round, bowl-like in shape) on which, according to Chr, solomon stood and kneeled Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:13.
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כוּר
vb. meaning dub., perhaps bore, or dig, or hew (DlProl. 121 comp. Assyrian kâru, fell trees (DlHWB 324))—only
Pf. 3 pl. כארו = כָּארוּ for כָּרוּ Tehillim 22:17 (MT כָּאֲרִי, v. אֲרִי) they have bored (digged, hewn) my hands and my feet (si vera l.; cf. Vrss De Pe Che Bae al.; some, however, deriving from כרה in this sense); hence perhaps following.
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כּ֫וֹרֶשׁ
and (Ezra 1:1, Ezra 1:2) כֹּ֫רֶשׁ n.pr.m. Cyrus (Pers. Kʾurʾu, SpiegAPK 215; Bab. Kuraš COT on Ezra 1:1, Dl in Baer Dn. p. x)—king of (Anzan = Susiana, Tiele Bab.-Assyr. Gesch. 469, and) Persia, conqueror of Babylon (Tiele ib; 468 ff.), restorer of Jews to Palestine Yeshaya 44:28; Yeshaya 45:1 Ezra 1:7; called מֶלֶךְ פָּרַס Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:22(×2), Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:23 Ezra 1:1(×2), Ezra 1:2 also Ezra 1:8; Ezra 4:3, Ezra 4:5 Daniel 10:1; simply הַמֶּלֶךְ Daniel 1:21.
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כּוּשׁ
n.pr.pers.m., gent. et terr. (Egyptian Kōš, SteindorffBAS i, 593, Assyrian Kûsu, Id. ib. DlPa 251; Kaši in Tel Amarna tablets, vid. WklTelAm. 39 );—
1st ‘son’ of חָם Breishis 10:6, Breishis 10:7 (P) = Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:8, Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:9, 𝔊 Χονς, 𝔙 Chus, from whom descended according to these vv. the southernmost peoples known to Hebrews.
land and people of southern Nile-valley, or Upper Egypt, extending from Syene (Yechezkel 29:10) indefinitely to the south, 𝔊 Αιθιοπια, Αιθιοπες:
indeterminate, either land or people, or including both: Yeshaya 20:3, Yeshaya 20:5; Yeshaya 43:3; Yeshaya 45:14 Melachim Beis 19:9 = Yeshaya 37:9 Nachum 3:9 Yechezkel 30:4, Yechezkel 30:5, Yechezkel 30:9 Tehillim 87:4 (𝔊 λαὸς Αιθιοπων).
in Breishis 10:8 (J) = Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:10 כּוּשׁ is err. for כַּשׁ = Bab. Kaššu, according to SchrCOT on Breishis 10:6, DlPa 51 ff. 72 f. and most Assyriol.; so perhaps also Breishis 2:13 (J), yet v. HptÜber Ld. u. Meer, 1894–5, No. 15.
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כּוּשׁ²
n.pr.m. a Benjamite, Tehillim 7:1 (title), 𝔊 Χουσει υἱοῦ Ιεμενει.
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כּוּשִׁי
n.pr.m. 𝔊 Χουσει—
Yirmiya 36:14 great-grandfather of יְהוּדִי, q.v. (perhaps orig. appellat. Cushite).
father of prophet Zephaniah Tzefania 1:1.
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כּוּשָׁן
n.pr., gent. vel terr., only אָהֳלֵי כ׳ Chavakuk 3:7 (‖ מִדְיָן), 𝔊 Αιθιοπων.
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כּוּשַׁן רִשְׁעָתַ֫יִם
n.pr.m. king of Aram Naharaim Shoftim 3:8(×2), Shoftim 3:10(×2); otherwise unknown, 𝔊 Χουσαρσαθαιμ, 𝔊L Χουσανρεσαμωθ.
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כּוּתָה
n.pr.loc. whence king of Assyria (Sargon) transported colonists into N. Israel, מִכּוּתָה Melachim Beis 17:24, אַנְשֵׁי־כוּת v Melachim Beis 17:30; Bab. Kûtû, Kûtê, mod. Tel-Ibrahim, c. 20 m. NE. from Babylon, v. COT Melachim Beis 17:24 DlPar217 M-AJBL 1892, xi, 169.
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כָּזַב
vb. lie, be a liar (Arabic كَذَبَ Aramaic כְּדַב ܟܕܰܒ id. chiefly Pa.; NH כָּזַב)
Pt. כָּל־הָאָדָם כֹּזֵב Tehillim 116:11 (cf. כָּזָב Tehillim 62:10).
Pf. 3 fs. תֹּחַלְתּוֹ נִכְזָ֑בָה Iyov 41:1 his hope has been made deceptive, i.e. been shewn to be so; 2 ms. consec. וְנִכְזָ֑בְתָּ Mishlei 30:6 lest he convict thee and thou be proved a liar.
Pf. 3 ms. כִּזֵּב Micha 2:11; Impf. 3 ms. יְכַזֵּב Chavakuk 2:3 Mishlei 14:5; וִיכַזֵּב Bamidbar 23:19, etc.; Inf. cstr. sf. (בְּ)כַזֶּבְכֶם Yechezkel 13:19;—
lie, tell a lie, abs., Bamidbar 23:19 (JE), Micha 2:11 Iyov 6:28; Iyov 34:6 Mishlei 14:5 Yeshaya 57:11; sq. לְ pers. lie to Yechezkel 13:19 Tehillim 78:36; Tehillim 89:36; sq. בְּ pers. tell a lie with, i.e. in intercourse, converstion with Melachim Beis 4:16.
disappoint, fail, of a divine revelation Chavakuk 2:3; waters of a spring Yeshaya 58:11.
Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַכְזִיבֵנִי Iyov 24:25 who will make me a liar? i.e. prove me to be so (cf. Niph.)
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כָּזָב
n.m. Amos 2:4 lie, falsehood, deceptive thing;—abs. כ׳ Hoshea 12:2 + 19 times; pl. abs. כְּזָבִים Shoftim 16:10 + 9 times; sf. כִּזְבֵיהֶם Amos 2:4;—lie, falsehood, c. דִּבֶּר Shoftim 16:10, Shoftim 16:13 Hoshea 7:13 Tzefania 3:13 Daniel 11:27 Tehillim 5:7; Tehillim 58:4, so Yechezkel 13:8 Co (by transp. כ׳ with שָׁוְא, cf. v Yechezkel 13:6, Yechezkel 13:7, Yechezkel 13:9); c. יָפִיחַ (in Pr) Mishlei 6:19; Mishlei 14:5, Mishlei 14:25; Mishlei 19:5, Mishlei 19:9; of false prophecies (divinations) c. אָמַר, מִקְסַם כ׳ Yechezkel 13:7; c. קָסָם v Yechezkel 13:9; Yechezkel 21:34; Yechezkel 22:28 + Yechezkel 13:6 𝔊 Co (קָסוֹם כ׳, for MT קֶסֶם כ׳); c. שָׁמַע Yechezkel 13:19, בִּקֵּשׁ Tehillim 4:3; c. רָצָה delight in Tehillim 62:5; so in the phr. דְּבַר־כ׳ Mishlei 30:8, אִישׁ כ׳ Mishlei 19:22 = liar, עֵד כְּזָבִים Mishlei 21:28 = false witness; of idols as a lie (res ementita) Amos 2:4, so prob. שָׂטֵי כ׳ those turning aside to a lie Tehillim 40:5 (cf. אָוֶן, אֱלִיל, הֶבֶל, שֶׁקֶר); then of empty human pretensions כ׳ וָשֹׁד יַרְבֶּה Hoshea 12:2, Yeshaya 28:15 (‖ שֶׁקֶר), v Yeshaya 28:17 (מַחְסֵה כ׳), Tehillim 62:10 (‖ הֶבֶל; cf. כֹּזֵב Tehillim 116:11); לֶחֶם כְּזָבִים Mishlei 23:3 = deceptive (disappointing) bread.
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כֹּֽזֵבָ֗א
n.pr.loc. Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:22 𝔊 Σωκηθα, A 𝔊L Χωζηβα, = אַכְזִיב 1. v. infr.
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כָּזְבִּי
n.pr.f. a woman of Midian Bamidbar 25:15, Bamidbar 25:18, 𝔊 Χασβ(ε)ι.
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כֹּחַ
n.[m.] a small reptile, prob. a kind of lizard, in list of unclean creeping things Vayikra 11:30; 𝔊 𝔙 AV chameleon; on various opinions v. Di.
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כֹּחַ²
v. sub כחח.
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כָּחַד
vb. not in Qal; Pi. Hiph. hide, efface; Niph. (usually) pass. (Aramaic אתכחדו be effacedIyov 4:7; ܟܚܶܕ is revere, Pt. venerable, Pa. put to shame, Ethpa. be ashamed; Ethiopic ክሕደ deny, apostatize)
Pf. 3 ms. נִכְחַד Hoshea 5:3 + 2 times; 3 pl. נִכְחָ֑דוּ Iyov 4:7 Tehillim 69:6; Impf. 3 ms. יִכָּחֵד Shmuel Beis 18:13, etc.; Pt. נִכְחֶדֶת Zecharia 11:9; pl. נִכְחָדוֹת Zecharia 11:16 Iyov 15:28;—
be effaced, destroyed Zecharia 11:9 Iyov 4:7; Iyov 15:28 (עָרִים נִכְחָדוֹת), Iyov 22:20, sq. מִן־הָאָרֶץ Shemos 9:15 (J); Pt. intrans. of incomplete process = going to ruin Zecharia 11:9(×2), Zecharia 11:16.
Pf. כִּחֵד Shmuel Alef 3:18; 1 s. כִּחַדְתִּי Iyov 6:10 Tehillim 40:11; 3 pl. כִּחֲדוּ Iyov 15:18; כִּחֵ֑דוּ Yeshaya 3:9; Impf. 2 ms. תְּכַחֵד Yehoshua 7:19 + 4 times; 2 fs. תְּכַחֲדִי Shmuel Beis 14:18; 1 s. אֲכַחֵד Jb 27:11; 2 mpl. תְּכַחֵ֑דוּ Yirmiya 50:2; 1 pl. נְכַחֵד Breishis 47:18 Tehillim 78:4;—hide, sq. מִן pers. Breishis 47:18 (J), Yehoshua 7:19 (JE), Shmuel Alef 3:17(×2), Shmuel Alef 3:18 Shmuel Beis 14:18 Yirmiya 38:14, Yirmiya 38:25 Tehillim 78:4; sq. לְ pers. Tehillim 40:11 conceal toward, with ref. to, i.e. from; without prep. Yeshaya 3:9 Yirmiya 50:2 Iyov 15:18; Iyov 27:11; = disown Iyov 6:10.
Pf. 1 s. consec. sf. וְהִכְחַדְתִּיו Shemos 23:23; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּכְחֵד Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:21, sf. יַכְחִידֶנָּה Iyov 20:12; 1 s. וָאַכְחִד Zecharia 11:8; 1 pl. sf. וְנַכְחִידֵם Tehillim 83:5; Inf. cstr. לְהַכְחִיד Melachim Alef 13:34;—
hide, in fig. יַכְחִידֶנָּה תַּחַת לְשֹׁנוֹ Iyov 20:12 (obj. wickedness)
efface, annihilate Shemos 23:23 (E), Melachim Alef 13:34 (‖ חַשְׁמִיד), Zecharia 11:8 Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:21; sq. מִגּוֹי Tehillim 83:5, i.e. from being (so that they be not) a nation.
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כֹּחַ³
and (†Daniel 11:6) כּוֹחַ n.m. Devarim 4:37 strength, power (NH id.);—כ׳ abs. Devarim 8:18 +; cstr. Bamidbar 14:17 +; sf. כֹּחִי Breishis 31:6 +; כֹּחֲךָ Shoftim 16:6 +, כֹּחֶ֑ךָ Mishlei 5:10, כֹּחֶ֑כָה Mishlei 24:10, etc.; always sg.;—
human strength:
physical, of Samson Shoftim 16:5, Shoftim 16:6, Shoftim 16:9, Shoftim 16:15, Shoftim 16:17, Shoftim 16:19, Shoftim 16:30; strength in toil Yeshaya 44:12 (זְרוֹעַ כֹּתוֹ), v Yeshaya 44:12 Vayikra 26:20 Nechemia 4:4; of manly vigour (in procreation) אַתָּה כֹּחִי וְרֵאשִׁית אוֹנִי Breishis 49:3 (poem in J; said to Reuben); vigour in gen. Yehoshua 14:11(×2) (JE), Shoftim 6:14 Shmuel Alef 28:22 Iyov 6:11, Iyov 6:12 Tehillim 31:11; Tehillim 38:11; Tehillim 71:9; Tehillim 102:24; Mishlei 20:29; as sustained by food Melachim Alef 19:8; lack of such vigour is לֹא־כֹחַ Iyov 26:2, cf. מִכֹּחַ Yirmiya 48:45 without strength; בְּלֹא־כ׳ Eicha 1:6; יְגִיעֵי־כ׳ Iyov 3:17; כֹּחַ לֹא־הָיָה בוֹ Shmuel Alef 28:20, cf. Daniel 10:8, Daniel 10:17; in Tehillim 22:16 read חִכִּי, so Ew Ol Che al.; specif. of power of voice Yeshaya 40:9.
more inclusively, ability, efficiency: sq. inf., ability to weep Shmuel Alef 30:4; to get wealth Devarim 8:18; to bring forth (a child; in fig.) Melachim Beis 19:3 = Yeshaya 37:3; sq. לַעֲמֹד Daniel 1:4 Ezra 10:13, cf. Daniel 11:15; without inf. Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:2 Ezra 2:69; of efficiency in battle Divrei HaYamim Beis 14:10; Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:12; Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:13; for porter’s service in temple אִישׁ־חַיִל בַּכֹּחַ לַעֲבֹדָה Divrei HaYamim Alef 26:8; ability or efficiency in gen. Breishis 31:6 Mishlei 24:5, Mishlei 24:10 Koheles 4:1; Koheles 9:10, so prob. כֹּחַ יְדֵיהֶם Iyov 30:2; עָצַר כֹּחַ (late, cf. עצר) retain ability or strength, sq. inf.; נַעְצֹר כ׳ לְהִתְנַדֵּב Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:14 that we should retain (have) ability to make freewill-offerings; to build Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:5; c. neg., without inf., Daniel 10:8, Daniel 10:16 (cf. Daniel 11:6, c.).
power of a people, or king, Yehoshua 17:17 Nachum 2:2 Chavakuk 1:11 Yeshaya 49:4 (of servant of י׳), Eicha 1:14 Daniel 8:22, Daniel 8:24, also v Daniel 8:24 (si vera l., v. Bev), Daniel 11:25 (‖ לֵבָב); c. עָצַר Divrei HaYamim Beis 13:20; Divrei HaYamim Beis 22:9 Daniel 11:6 (לֹא תַעְצֹר כ׳ הַזְּרוֹעַ, cf. b); in Hoshea 7:9 fig. of body seems combined with that of land yielding produce (v. 5 infr.)
power conferred by God Yeshaya 40:29, cf. v Yeshaya 40:31; Yeshaya 41:1; of prophetic power Micha 3:8.
strength of angels Tehillim 103:20.
power of God: in creation Yirmiya 10:12; Yirmiya 51:51 (see also Yirmiya 32:17 infr.); Tehillim 65:7; in governing the world Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:12 Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:6 Tehillim 29:4; in acts of deliverance and judgment Shemos 9:16; Shemos 15:6; Shemos 32:11 Bamidbar 14:13, Bamidbar 14:17 (JE), Yeshaya 50:2 Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:8 Iyov 9:19; Iyov 24:22; Iyov 26:12; Iyov 30:18; Iyov 36:22; in combin. כֹּחַ גָּדוֹל Devarim 4:37; ‖ יָד חֲזָקָה Shemos 32:11 (JE), Nechemia 1:10; ‖ זְרוֹעַ נְטוּיָה Devarim 9:29 Melachim Beis 17:36 Yirmiya 27:5; Yirmiya 32:17; he is רַב־כֹּחַ Tehillim 147:5, cf. רֹב כֹּחוֹ Yeshaya 63:1 Iyov 23:6; also גדול־כֹּחַ Nachum 1:3; אַמִּיץ כֹּחַ Yeshaya 40:26 Iyov 9:4, שַׂגִּיא־כֹחַ Iyov 37:23; כֹּחַ מַעֲשָׂיו Tehillim 116:6 the power of his works; קוֹל י׳ בַּכֹּחַ Tehillim 29:4 (of thunder); specif. of his wisdom (rather peculiarly, Elihu) כַּבִּיר כֹּחַ לֵב Iyov 36:5 mighty in strength of mind.
of animals: wild ox Iyov 39:11, horse v Iyov 39:21, hippopot. Iyov 40:16, bullock Mishlei 14:4; he-goat Daniel 8:6, ram v Daniel 8:7.
strength, of soil i.e. produce, Breishis 4:12 (J), Iyov 31:39; (Hoshea 7:9 v. 1. c supr.); = wealth (cf. חַיִל Mishlei 5:10 Iyov 6:22.
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כָּחַשׁ
vb. be disappointing, deceive, fail, grow lean (NH כָּחַשׁ grow lean; Hiph. convict of falsehood, refute; Aramaic כְּחַשׁ grow lean; כַּחְשָׁא leanness, כְּחִישׁוּתָא leanness, weakness; Aph. as NH Hiph.)
Pf. 3 ms. וּבְשָׂרִי כָּחַשׁ מִשָּׁ֑מֶן Tehillim 109:24 my flesh hath grown lean (away) from fatness (‖ בִּרְכַּי כָּֽשְׁלוּ מִצּוֹם).
Impf. וְיִכָּֽחֲשׁוּ אֹיְבֶיךָ לָךְ Devarim 33:29 thine enemies shall cringe (come cringing, i.e. orig. act deceptively, feigning obedience) to thee (cf. also Pi 3, Hithp.)
Pf. 3 ms. כִּחֵשׁ Melachim Alef 13:18 Chavakuk 3:17; וְכִ֫חֶשׁ consec. (bef. monosyll.) Vayikra 5:22 Iyov 8:18, etc.; Impf. (בָּהּ) יְכַ֫חֶשׁ Hoshea 9:2; 3 fs. וַתְּכַחֵשׁ Breishis 18:15, etc.; inf. abs. כַּחֵשׁ Hoshea 4:2 Yeshaya 59:13; cstr. Zecharia 13:4;—
deceive, abs. Breishis 18:15 (J), Yehoshua 7:11 (JE), Hoshea 4:2 (אלה וכחשׁ together = false swearing according to WeKl. Pr.; + וְרָצֹחַ וְגָנֹב וְנָאֹ֑ף), cf. לֹא תִגְנֹ֑בוּ וְלֹא־תְכַחֲשׁוּ וְלֹא תְשַׁקְּרוּ אִישׁ בַּעֲמִיתוֹ Vayikra 19:11 (H); לְמַעַן כ׳ Zecharia 13:4 in order to deceive; sq. לְ pers. Melachim Alef 13:18 Iyov 31:28; sq. בְ pers. et rei Vayikra 5:21, בְ rei v Vayikra 5:22.
act deceptively against (i.e. seem to acknowledge, but not really do so), sq. בְ pers. Yehoshua 24:27 (E) Yirmiya 5:12 Yeshaya 59:13 Iyov 8:18, appar. also וְתִירוֹשׁ יכ׳ בָּהּ Hoshea 9:2 and new wine shall deny her (Isr.; i.e. refuse to acknowledge her as its mistress, not yield itself to her); abs. Mishlei 30:9.
cringe = come cringing (make shew of obedience, v. Niph.), sq. בְ pers. Tehillim 18:45 (Hithp. in ‖ Shmuel Beis 22:45); sq. לְ pers. Tehillim 66:3; Tehillim 81:16.
disappoint, fail, abs. כִּחֵשׁ מַעֲשֵׂה זַיִת Chavakuk 3:17 the product of the olive hath failed (in sense comp. Hoshea 9:2 supr.)
Impf. יִתְכַּחֲשׁוּ לִי Shmuel Beis 22:45 shall come cringing to me (‖ Tehillim 18:45, v. supr.)
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כַּ֫חַשׁ
n.m. Iyov 16:8 1. lying 2. leanness;—abs. כ׳ Hoshea 12:1 + 2 times; כָּ֑חַשׁ Hoshea 10:13; sf. כַּחֲשִׁי Iyov 16:8; pl. sf. כַּחֲשֵׁיהֶם Hoshea 7:3;—
lying, אֲכַלְתֶּם פְּרִי כ׳ Hoshea 10:13 ye have eaten the fruit of lying; Hoshea 7:3 (‖ רָעָה), Hoshea 12:1; of Nineveh, כ׳ פֶּרֶק מְלֵאָה Nachum 3:1 of lying (and) robbery it is full; Tehillim 59:13 (‖ אָלָה).
of Job’s affliction Iyov 16:8 my leanness hath risen up against me (cf. Tehillim 109:24; 𝔗 J Breishis 41:27, Koheles 12:5; Talm. כחשׁא; > my lying, i.e. my affliction regarded as a lying witness, Di Buhl al.)
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כִּי²
conj. that, for, when (Moab. id.: Ph. כ. Prob. from the same demonstr. basis found in ܟܳܐ here, and in certain pronouns, as Aramaic דֵּךְ this (WSG 110 f.); perhaps also ultim. akin with كَىْ that, in order that, and ܟܰܝ then, enclit., like Lat. nam in quisnam?)
that (ὅτι, Germ. dass):
prefixed to sentences depending on an active verb, and occupying to it the place of an accus.: so constantly, after vbs. of seeing, as Breishis 1:10 וַיַּרְא אֱלֹהִים כִּי טוֹב and God saw that it was good, Breishis 3:6; Breishis 6:2, Breishis 6:5; Breishis 12:14 + often, hearing Breishis 14:14; Breishis 29:33, knowing Breishis 22:12; Breishis 24:14, telling Breishis 3:11; Breishis 12:18, repenting Breishis 6:6, Breishis 6:7, swearing Breishis 22:16 Yirmiya 22:5, believing Shemos 4:5 Eicha 4:12, remembering Tehillim 78:35, forgetting Iyov 39:15; אָמַר = command (late; in early Heb. the words said are quoted) Iyov 36:10, Iyov 36:24) זְכֹר in a command) Iyov 37:20 Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:18 (contrast Shmuel Beis 24:18) etc.; טוֹב כּי it is good thatShmuel Beis 18:3 + (v. p. 374b: usually the inf. c., as Breishis 2:18; v. ibid.); Breishis 37:26 מַה־בֶּצַע כִּי נַהֲרֹג what profit that we should slay (impf.) …? Malachi 3:14 what profit כִּי שָׁמַרְנוּ that we have kept (pf.) …? Iyov 22:3 הַחֵפֶץ לְשַׁדַּי כִּי is it pleasure to Shaddai that …? after a pron., as Tehillim 41:12 by this I know that thou hast pleasure in me, that my enemy cannot triumph over me, Tehillim 42:5 these things will I remember … that (or how) I used to go, etc., Tehillim 56:10 this I know that god is for me, Iyov 13:16 (הוא). And with כִּי repeated pleon. after an intervening clause Shmuel Beis 19:7 Yirmiya 26:15 +; כִּיוְכִי Breishis 3:6; Breishis 29:12 Shemos 4:31 Yehoshua 2:9; Yehoshua 8:21; Yehoshua 10:1 Shmuel Alef 31:7 Shmuel Beis 5:12 Melachim Alef 11:21 Yirmiya 40:7, Yirmiya 40:11; לֵאמֹרוְכִי Breishis 45:26 Shoftim 10:10.
כִּי often introduces the direct narration (like ܕ, أَنْ, and the Gk. ὅτι recitativum, e.g. Luke 4:21), in which case it cannot be represented in English (except by inverted commas), Breishis 21:30; Breishis 29:33 and she said, כִּי שׁמע י׳ Yahweh hath heard, etc.; Shemos 3:12 = Shoftim 6:16 and he said, כִּי אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I will be with thee, Yehoshua 2:24 Shmuel Alef 2:16 (v. Dr) Shmuel Alef 10:19 and ye have said to him, כִּי מֶלֶךְ תָּשִׂים עָלֵינוּ Thou shalt set a king over us, Shmuel Beis 11:23 Melachim Alef 1:13; Melachim Alef 20:5 Rus 1:10, cf. Rus 2:21 (but in reply to a qu. כִּי may = because, v. sub 3; and so also in sentences giving the expl. of a proper name, Breishis 26:22; Breishis 29:32 (but De surely: v. infr.), Shemos 2:10 (cf. Breishis 4:25; Breishis 41:51, Breishis 41:52); in כִּי מָה, introducing an expostulation, Shmuel Alef 29:8 Melachim Alef 11:22 Melachim Beis 8:13, it gives the reason for a suppressed ‘Why do you say this?’).
especially after an oath חַי אָ֫נִי, חַי י׳ etc., introducing the fact sworn to, Breishis 42:16 by the life of Pharaoh, כִּי מְרַגְּלִים אַתֶּם (I say) that ye are spies; but through Heb. usage prob. gave it an asseverative force, Engl. idiom does not require it to be expressed: Bamidbar 14:22 Shmuel Alef 20:3 as י׳ liveth, כִּי כִפֶשַׂע בֵּינִי וּבֵין הַמָּוֶת there is but a step between me and death! Shmuel Alef 26:16; Shmuel Alef 29:6 Yeshaya 49:18 +; Shmuel Alef 14:44 כֹּה־יַעֲשֶׂה אֱלֹהִים וְכֹה יוֹסִיף כִּי מוֹת תָּמוּת thus may God do and more also: thou shalt surely die! Shmuel Beis 3:35 Melachim Alef 2:23 Rus 1:17 al.—Note that כִּי when thus used is often repeated after an intervening clause, in order that its force may be fully preserved: Breishis 22:16 Shmuel Alef 14:39 כִּי מוֹת יָמוּת (אִם־יֶשְׁנוֹ בְּיוֹנָתָן בְּנִי) חַי י׳ כִּי Shmuel Alef 25:34 Shmuel Beis 2:27 כִּי אָז וג׳ (לוּלֵא דִּבַּרְתָּ) כִּי, Shmuel Beis 3:9; Shmuel Beis 15:21 Qr Melachim Alef 1:30 Yirmiya 22:24.
כִּי is used sometimes with advs. and interjs. to add force or distinctness to the affirmation which follows: (a) so especially in אַף כִּי (v. אַף); †הֲכִי is it that? (as a neutral interrrog.) Shmuel Beis 9:1, (expecting a neg. answer) Breishis 29:15 is it that thou art my brother, and shalt (therefore) serve me for nothing? Iyov 6:22 is it that I have said, Give unto me? expressing surprise Breishis 27:36 is it that he is called Jacob, and has (hence) supplanted me twice? Shmuel Beis 23:19 an affirm. answer is required (wh. would imply הֲלֹא כִי): read prob. with the ‖ Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:25 הִנּוֹ behold, he, etc.; †אִם־לֹא כִּי Devarim 32:30 were it not that …; †אָמְנָם כִּי Iyov 12:2 of a truth (is it) that ye are the people, etc.; †אַךְ כִּי Shmuel Alef 8:9; אֶפֶס כִּי Bamidbar 13:28 +; גַּם כִּיRus 2:21; †הֲלֹא כִי Shmuel Alef 10:1 (but v. 𝔊 Dr), Shmuel Beis 13:28; †הִנֵּה כִי Tehillim 128:4; cf. Tehillim 118:10-12 בְּשֵׁם י׳ כִּי אֲמִילַֽם in the name of י׳ (is it) that—or (I say) that—I will mow them down; Iyov 39:27 doth the vulture mount up at thy command, וְכִי יָרִים קִנּוֹ and (is it) that it (so) makes high its nest? Yeshaya 36:19 have the gods of the nations delivered each his land etc.? … וְכִי הִצִּילוּ i.e. (Hi) and (is it) that they have delivered Samaria out of my hand? > (Ew§ 354 c De Di) and that they have delivered Samaria out of my hand! = how much less (אַף כִּי) have they, etc.! (‖ Melachim Beis 18:34 כִּי alone, perhaps conformed by error to v Melachim Beis 18:35; Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:15 אַף כִּי, which however does not decide the sense of the orig. וְכִי). Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:14 וְכִי מִי read ומי or כי מי. (b) in introducing the apodosis, especially in כִּי עַתָּה (chiefly after לוּלֵא) indeed then …, Breishis 31:42; Breishis 43:10 for unless we had tarried כִּי עַתָּה שַׁבְנוּ surely then we had returned twice, Bamidbar 22:23 (read לוּלֵי for אוּלַי); so Shmuel Alef 14:30 𝔊 (after לוּא), and Shmuel Alef 13:13 Hi We (לֻא for לֹא); after אִם Iyov 8:6 surely then he will awake over thee, etc. (But elsewhere כִּי עַתָּה is simply for now, Breishis 29:32 Iyov 7:21 +; or for then = for in that case, Shemos 9:15 Bamidbar 22:29 Iyov 3:13; Iyov 6:3 +). It is dub. whether כִּי אָז has the same sense: for Shmuel Beis 2:27; Shmuel Beis 19:7 the כִּי in כִּי אָז may be merely resumptive of the כִּי recitat. preceding (vid. a, c). Rare otherwise: Shemos 22:22 if thou afflict him כִּי אִם־צָעֹק יִצְעַק ’tis that (= indeed), if he cries unto me, I will hear him, Yeshaya 7:9 if ye believe not כִּי לֹא תֵאָמֵֽנוּ ׃ indeed ye will not be established.
there seem also to be other cases in which כִּי, standing alone, has an intensive force, introducing a statement with emph., yea, surely, certainly (Germ. ja—a lighter particle than these Engl. words): see in EVV Breishis 22:17 Shemos 18:11 Bamidbar 23:23 Shmuel Alef 17:25; Shmuel Alef 20:26 Melachim Beis 23:22 Yeshaya 32:13; Yeshaya 60:9 Yirmiya 22:22; Yirmiya 31:19 Hoshea 6:9; Hoshea 8:6; Hoshea 9:12; Hoshea 10:3 Amos 3:7 Tehillim 76:11; Tehillim 77:12 (Ew Che), Mishlei 30:2 (but not if construed as RVm), Koheles 4:16; Koheles 7:7, Koheles 7:20 Iyov 28:1 +; Eicha 3:22 (𝔖 𝔗 Ew Th Öt) the mercies of י׳, surely they are not consumed (read prob. תַמּוּ or תָֽמְמוּ for תמנו), Rus 3:12 כִּי אָמְנָם yea, indeed. But it is doubtful whether כִּי has this force in all the passages for which scholars have had recourse to it, and whether in some it is not simply = for. De Mishlei 30:1 would restrict the usage to cases in which a suppressed clause may be understood.
that, expressing consecution, especially after a question implying surprise or deprecation: sq. perf., Breishis 20:9 what have I sinned against thee כִּי הֵבֵאתָ עָלַי that thou hast brought on me? Shmuel Alef 17:26; Shmuel Alef 22:8 Yeshaya 22:1 what aileth thee, that thou art gone up, etc.? v Yeshaya 22:16 Yeshaya 36:5; Yeshaya 52:5 Micha 4:9 Chavakuk 2:18; sq. ptcp. Shoftim 14:3 Shmuel Alef 20:1 Melachim Alef 18:9 how have I sinned that thou art giving, etc.? Melachim Beis 5:7 Yechezkel 24:19; usually sq. impf. Shemos 3:11 who am I כִּי אֵלֵךְ that I should go, etc.? Shemos 16:7 Shoftim 8:6; Shoftim 9:28; Melachim Beis 8:13 Yeshaya 7:13; Yeshaya 29:16 (also pf.), Tehillim 8:5 what is man כִּי תִזְכְּרֶנּוּ? Iyov 3:12 or why the breasts כִּי אִינָקֽ ׃ that I should suck? Iyov 6:11 מַה־כֹּחִי כִּי אֲיַחֵל, Iyov 7:12, Iyov 7:17; Iyov 10:5; Iyov 13:25; Iyov 15:12 Iyov 15:14; Iyov 16:3; Iyov 21:15 +; after a neg., Breishis 40:15 here also I have done nothing כִּי שָׂמוּ that they should have placed me in the dungeon, Tehillim 44:19 our heart has not turned backward, etc. כִּי דִכִּיתָנוּ that thou shouldst have crushed us, etc., Yeshaya 43:22 not me hast thou called on, כִּי יָגַעְתָּ בִּי that thou shouldst have wearied thyself with me, Hoshea 1:6 (v. RV), Iyov 41:2 Rus 1:12 I am too old to have an husband כִּי אָמַרְתָּי that I should have said, etc. (cf. Ew§337a; Dr§ 39 δ).
added to preps. כִּי converts them, like אֲשֶׁר, into conjs. …, as יַעַן כִּי because that …: v. sub יַעַן, עַד, עַל, עֵקֶב, תַּחַת.
Of time, when, of the past וַיְהִי כִּי Breishis 6:1 (cf. BuUrg. 6), Breishis 26:8; Breishis 27:1 Shmuel Beis 6:13; Shmuel Beis 7:1; Shmuel Beis 19:26 + (כַּאֲשֶׁר, and especially כְּ c. inf., are more freq.); וְהָיָה כִּי (simple וְ) Shmuel Alef 1:12; Shmuel Alef 17:48; Yehoshua 22:7 Shoftim 2:18; Shoftim 12:5 והיה כי יאמרו and it would be, whenever (freq.) they said, Yirmiya 44:19 (ptcp.), Hoshea 11:1 Tehillim 32:3 כי החרשׁתר when I was silent, Iyov 31:21, Iyov 31:26, Iyov 31:29; of present (usually with impf.) as Shemos 18:16 כִּי יִהְיֶה לָהֶם דָּבָר when they have a matter, Shmuel Alef 24:20 Yeshaya 1:12; Yeshaya 30:21 Yirmiya 14:12 Zecharia 7:5, Zecharia 7:6 Malachi 1:8 Tehillim 49:19 and men praise thee כִּי תֵיטִיב לָ֑ךְ when thou doest well to thyself, Tehillim 102:1; Tehillim 127:5 +, with pf. Yechezkel 3:19-21; Yechezkel 33:9 Mishlei 11:15; Mishlei 23:22; especially of future, as Breishis 4:12 כִּי תַעֲבֹד אֶת־הָאֲדָמָה when thou shalt till the ground it shall not, etc., Breishis 24:41; Breishis 30:33; Breishis 31:49; Breishis 32:18 Shemos 7:9 when Pharaoh shall speak unto you, Devarim 4:25; Devarim 6:20 +; in phrase (תֹּאמַר וג׳) וְכִי תֹּאמְרוּ Vayikra 25:20 Devarim 18:21 Yeshaya 8:19; Yeshaya 36:7 Yirmiya 13:22; and especially in וְהָיָה כִּיBreishis 12:12; Breishis 46:33 Devarim 6:10; Devarim 15:16 Shmuel Alef 10:7; Shmuel Alef 25:30 Yeshaya 8:21; Yeshaya 10:12 + often; with pf. Yeshaya 16:12 Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:11 (altered from impf. Shmuel Beis 7:12); with ptcp. (unusual) Bamidbar 33:51; Bamidbar 34:2 Devarim 11:31; Devarim 18:9.
elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usually represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם:—(mostly with impf.) Breishis 38:16 Bamidbar 5:10; Bamidbar 10:32 Devarim 6:25; Devarim 7:17; Devarim 28:2, Devarim 28:13 Shmuel Alef 20:13 Shmuel Beis 19:8 Melachim Beis 4:29; Melachim Beis 18:22 Yirmiya 38:15 Mishlei 4:8 Iyov 7:13 (כי אמרתי when I say), Iyov 19:28; often in laws, as Shemos 21:14, Shemos 21:33, Shemos 21:35, Shemos 21:37; Shemos 22:4, Shemos 22:5 etc., Devarim 13:13; Devarim 14:24; Devarim 15:7, Devarim 15:12; Devarim 17:2; Devarim 18:6, Devarim 18:21 etc.; sometimes, in particular, to state a principle broadly, after which special cases are introduced by אִם, as Shemos 21:2 when (כִּי) thou buyest a Hebrew servant, he shall serve thee six years, after which v Shemos 21:3-5 follow four special cases with אִם if: so Shemos 21:7 (כי), v Shemos 21:8-11 (אם); v Shemos 21:18 (כי), v Shemos 21:19 (אם); v Shemos 21:20 (כי), v Shemos 21:21 (אם); v Shemos 21:22 Shemos 21:28-32; Vayikra 1:2 (כי), v Vayikra 1:3, Vayikra 1:10 (אם) Vayikra 4:2, Vayikra 4:3, Vayikra 4:13, Vayikra 4:27, Vayikra 4:32; Vayikra 13:2 Bamidbar 30:3 +; though this distinction is not uniformly observed, contrast e.g. Shemos 21:5 with Devarim 15:16; Bamidbar 5:19 and v Bamidbar 5:20.—N.B. with כִּי = when or if, the subject is often prefixed for distinctness and emph.: Melachim Alef 8:37 רָעָב כִּי־יִהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ דֶּבֶר כִּי יִהְיֶה וג׳, Yeshaya 28:18 Micha 5:4 אַשּׁוּר כִּי־יָבֹא בְאַרְצֵנוּ, Tehillim 62:11 Yechezkel 3:19 (וְאַתָּה), Yechezkel 14:9, Yechezkel 14:13; Yechezkel 18:5, Yechezkel 18:18, Yechezkel 18:21; Yechezkel 33:6 (cf. v Yechezkel 33:2); and especially in laws of P, as אָדָם כִּיVayikra 1:2; Vayikra 13:2, נֶפֶשׁ כִּיVayikra 2:1; Vayikra 4:2; Vayikra 5:1, Vayikra 5:4, Vayikra 5:15, similiarly Vayikra 15:2, Vayikra 15:16, Vayikra 15:19, Vayikra 15:25; Vayikra 22:12, Vayikra 22:13, Vayikra 22:14 etc., rather differently Bamidbar 5:20.
when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though:—(a) with impf. Yirmiya 4:30(×3); Yirmiya 14:12; Yirmiya 49:16 כִּי־תַגְבִּיהַּ כַּנֶּשֶׁר קִנֶּ֑ךָ though thou make high like the vulture thy nest, I will bring thee down thence, Yirmiya 51:53 Hoshea 13:15 Zecharia 8:6 Tehillim 37:24; Tehillim 49:19 though in his lifetime he bless himself … he shall come, etc., perhaps also Yirmiya 46:23 Ew (but Hi Gf Ke for), Yirmiya 50:11 Ew Ke (Hi yea); and strengthened by גַּם, גַּם כִּי Yeshaya 1:15 Tehillim 23:4 (cf. Dr§ 143); (b) with perf. (rare) Micha 7:8 כִּי נָפַלְתִּי קָ֑מְתִּי though I have fallen, I rise, Nachum 1:10 (si vera l.), Tehillim 21:12 (Hi Ew Now), Tehillim 119:83 (Ew De).
Because, since (ὅτι)—
Breishis 3:14 because thou hast done this, cursed art thou, etc., v Breishis 3:17 Breishis 18:20 the cry of S. and G.—because it is great … (subj. prefixed for emph.: cf. 2 N.B.) Yeshaya 28:15; in answer to a qu., Breishis 27:20 Shemos 1:19; Shemos 18:15 Shmuel Beis 19:43 +. Enunciating the conditions under which a fut. action is conceived as possible (Germ. indem) Vayikra 22:9 Devarim 4:29 כי תדרשׁנו, Devarim 12:20 (v.Dr), v Devarim 12:25, Devarim 12:28; Devarim 13:19; Devarim 14:24; Devarim 16:15; Devarim 19:6, Devarim 19:9 +, Melachim Alef 8:35 (cf. v Melachim Alef 8:33 אֲשֶׁר), v Melachim Alef 8:36 כִּי תוֹרֵם, Mishlei 4:8.
more commonly the causal sentence follows, as Breishis 2:3 and God blessed the seventh day כִּי בוֹ שָׁבַת וג׳ because on it he rested, etc., Breishis 4:25 etc., in which case it may often be rendered for, Breishis 2:5, Breishis 2:23; Breishis 3:20; Breishis 5:24; Breishis 6:7; Breishis 6:12, Breishis 6:13 Tehillim 6:3 heal me כִּי נִבְהֲלוּ עֲצָמָ֑י for my bones are vexed, Tehillim 10:14; Tehillim 25:16; Tehillim 27:10 + very often Spec. after vbs. expressive of mental emotions, as rejoicing Yeshaya 14:29 Tehillim 58:11, being angry Breishis 31:35; Breishis 45:5, fearing Breishis 43:18 Tehillim 49:17 etc. Iron. Melachim Alef 18:27 for he is a god etc. (4 times); Mishlei 30:4 Iyov 38:5 כִּי תֵדָ֑ע for or since thou knowest. With subj. prefixed Tehillim 128:2. Repeated (with anacol.) Yeshaya 49:19.
the causal relation expressed by כִּי is sometimes subtle, especially in poetry, and not apparent without careful study of a passage. Thus sometimes it justifies a statement or description by pointing to a pregnant fact which involves it, as Yeshaya 3:8 Iyov 6:21 (ground of the comparison v Iyov 6:15-20), Iyov 14:16 (For …: ground of the wishes expressed v Iyov 14:13-15), Iyov 16:22 (ground of v Iyov 16:20) Iyov 30:26 (For …), or by pointing to a general truth which it exemplifies Iyov 5:6 (reason why complaining v Iyov 5:2-5 is foolish), Iyov 15:34; Iyov 23:14; sometimes it is explicative, justifying a statement by unfolding the particulars wh. establish or exemplify it Shmuel Beis 23:5 Yeshaya 1:30; Yeshaya 5:7; Yeshaya 7:8; Yeshaya 9:4; Yeshaya 10:8-11; Yeshaya 13:10 (development of v Yeshaya 13:9), Yeshaya 32:6 (developing the characters of the נָבָל and כִּילַי, and so explaining why they will no longer be esteemed v Yeshaya 13:5); Iyov 11:16 (explic. of v Iyov 11:15), Iyov 18:8 (justifying v Iyov 18:7), Iyov 22:26 (justifying v Iyov 22:25); elsewhere the cause is expressed indirectly or figuratively Yeshaya 2:6 (reason why invitation v Yeshaya 2:5 is needed), Yeshaya 5:10 (sterility of the soil the cause of the desolation v Yeshaya 5:9), Yeshaya 18:5; Yeshaya 28:8 (proof of the intoxication v Yeshaya 5:7), Yeshaya 31:7 (reason for the exhortation v Yeshaya 31:6: the certainty that the folly of idolatry will soon be recognized), Iyov 7:21 (for soon it will be too late to pardon), Iyov 27:8-10 (Job wishes his enemy the lot of the wicked, because this is so hopeless); or כִּי relates not to the v. which immed. precedes or follows, but to several, as Yeshaya 7:16 (v Yeshaya 7:17 specially the ground of the people being reduced to simple fare v Yeshaya 7:15), Yeshaya 21:6 (ground of the statements vYeshaya 7:1-5), Iyov 4:5 (ground of v Yeshaya 7:2), Iyov 14:7-12 (v Iyov 14:10-12 specially the ground for the appeal in v Iyov 14:6), Iyov 23:10-13 (ground why God cannot be found v Iyov 23:8), Tehillim 73:21 (ground not of v Tehillim 73:20, but of general train of thought v Tehillim 73:2-14); so also Breishis 4:24 Devarim 18:14 Yeshaya 12:1 Yirmiya 30:11 the reason lies not in the words immed. after כִּי, but in the second part of the sentence; or, on the other hand, it may state the reason for a partic. word, Yeshaya 28:20 (justifying ‘nought but terror’ v Yeshaya 28:19), Iyov 23:17 (God’s hostility v Iyov 23:16 the cause of his misery, not the calamity as such). Sometimes also כִּי, in a poet. or rhet. style, gives the reason for a thought not expressed but implied, especially the answer to a qu.; Yeshaya 28:11 (the mockeries of v Yeshaya 28:10 have a meaning) ‘for with men of strange lips, etc. he will speak unto this people,’ who will retort the mockeries, charged with a new and terrible meaning, upon those who uttered them (v Yeshaya 28:13); = (no,) for Yeshaya 28:28 (see RVm), Iyov 22:2 no, he that is wise is profitable to himself, Iyov 31:18; Iyov 39:14 (see v Iyov 39:13), Tehillim 44:24 (he cannot do this, v Tehillim 44:23) for for thy sake are we killed, etc., Tehillim 130:4 no, with thee is forgiveness; = (yes,) for Yeshaya 49:25 (see the qu. v Yeshaya 49:24), Yeshaya 66:8.
כִּיכִּי ἀσυνδέτως sometimes introduce the proximate and ultimate cause respectively, Breishis 3:19; Breishis 26:7; Breishis 43:32; Breishis 47:20 Shemos 23:33 for [else] thou wilt serve their gods, for it will be a snare to thee, Yeshaya 2:6(×2); Yeshaya 3:8(×2); Yeshaya 6:5, b; Yeshaya 10:22 Iyov 6:3; Iyov 8:8, Iyov 8:9(×2); Iyov 24:17(×2); Iyov 29:11; sometimes they introduce two co-ordinate causes (where we should insert and), Shemos 23:21, Shemos 23:22 Yeshaya 6:5, c I am undone, because I am of unclean lips …, because mine eyes have seen י׳ of hosts, Yeshaya 15:5(×2), Yeshaya 15:6(×2), Yeshaya 15:8, Yeshaya 15:9 Tzefania 3:8 Iyov 15:25, Iyov 15:27; Iyov 20:19; Iyov 31:11 But כִּיוְכִי also occurs, Breishis 33:11 Bamidbar 5:20 (if), Yoel 1:15 Shoftim 6:30 Shmuel Alef 19:4; Shmuel Alef 22:17 Melachim Alef 2:26 Yeshaya 65:16 +.
after a neg. כִּי for becomes = but (Germ. sondern): Breishis 17:15 thou shalt not call her name Sarai, כִּי שָׂרָה שְׁמָהּ for (= but) Sarah shall be her name, Breishis 24:3; Breishis 45:8 Shemos 1:19; Shemos 16:8 not against us are your murmurings, כי על־י׳ for (they are) agst. י׳ = but agst. י׳, Devarim 21:17 Shmuel Alef 6:3 (אַל), Shmuel Alef 27:1 (v. Dr), Melachim Alef 21:15 Yeshaya 10:7; Yeshaya 28:27; Yeshaya 29:23; Yeshaya 30:5 Tehillim 44:8; Tehillim 118:17 + often; so in לא כי nay, for = nay, but, as Breishis 18:15 לֹא כִּי צָחָֽקְתְּ nay, but thou didst laugh, Breishis 19:2; Breishis 42:12 Yehoshua 5:14 Shmuel Alef 2:16 MSS 𝔊 (v. Dr), Shmuel Alef 12:12 Shmuel Beis 16:18; Shmuel Beis 24:24 Melachim Alef 2:30; Melachim Alef 3:22; Melachim Alef 11:22 Yeshaya 30:16 nay, but we will flee upon horses.
כִּי is sometimes of difficult and uncertain interpretation, and in some of the passages quoted a different expl. is tenable. Authorities especially read the Heb. differently, when the choice is between for and yea. E.g. Yeshaya 8:23 Ges Ew§ 330 b doch (no, but); Hi Di for (taking v Yeshaya 8:22 as RVm); Ch surely: Yeshaya 15:1 Ges Ew Hi Di surely; De for: Yeshaya 39:8 Ges Hi De surely; Di for (expl. of טוֹב): Yechezkel 11:16 Hi Ke Co surely; Ew Sm because.—In Shemos 20:22 the tense of וַתְּחַלֲלֶהָ makes it prob. that כִּי is for (Dr§ 153). Iyov 22:29 is taken with least violence to usage (גַּאֲוָה) as Hi: When they humble thee, and thou sayest (= complainest) Pride! he will save, etc.
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כִּי³
branding, v. sub כוה.
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כִּידוֹן
n.[m.] dart, javelin (NH id.)—abs. כ׳ Yehoshua 8:18 + 6 times; כִּידֹן Yirmiya 50:42; cstr. כִּידוֹן Shmuel Alef 17:6;—dart, javelin (distinct from חֲנִית spear, lance, q.v.), נטה בַּכּ׳ אשׁר ביד(ך) Yehoshua 8:18(×2), cf. v Yehoshua 8:26; רַעַשׁ כ׳ Iyov 41:21 the rushing sound of a dart; בְּחֶרֶב וּבַחֲנִית וּבְכ׳ Shmuel Alef 17:45 (weapons of Goliath), כ׳ נְחשֶׁת בֵּין כְּתֵפָיו v Shmuel Alef 17:6 (חֲנִית in v Shmuel Alef 17:7); + חֲנִית Iyov 39:23 also; קֶשֶׁת וְכ׳ Yirmiya 6:23; Yirmiya 50:42.
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כִּידֹן
n.pr.m. Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:9, 𝔊L Χεδων, A Χειλω; = נָכוֹן Shmuel Beis 6:6 (𝔊 Νωδαβ, A Ναχων, 𝔊L Ορνα).
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כִּיּוּן
n.pr.dei. Amos 5:26, prob. = Assyrian kaivânu, planet Saturn (Arabic and Pers. كَيْوَانٌ, Syriac ܟܶܐܘܳܢ), regarded as god; orig. pronunc. כֵּיוָן Schr COT ad loc., cf. Köii. 151 (pointing כִּיּוּן intended to suggest √ כון as something established, firm); kaimâ̆nu = kaiânu, according to Jen Cosm. iii. 502 who der. from כון (cf. Thes; so Zim BP 17); > Hpt ZA ii. 266, 281 f. reads כַּיָּוָן (for כְּאָמָן), reading the Babyl. name Kaʾâmânu; v. also M-AJBL 1892, xi. 86 n. 39.
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כִּיּוֹר
v. sub I. כור.
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כִּימָה²
v. sub כום.
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כִּיס
n.m. Pr 1:14 bag, purse (perhaps kindred with כּוֹם, q.v.; Arabic كِيسٌ (prob. from Pers. كِيسَهْ Lane 2640); Ethiopic ኪስ; NH כִּיס; Aramaic כִּיסָא, ܟܻܝܣܳܐ; Palm. מן כיסה from his purse = at his own expense, Vog p. 13 al.)bag, in which were carried:
money, i.e. a purse Yeshaya 46:6; Mishlei 1:14.
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כָּ֫כָה²
v. sub כה p. 462 supr.
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כִּכָּר
v. sub כרר;
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כֹּל
v. sub I. כלל.
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כָּלָא
vb. shut up, restrain, withhold (NH id.; Aramaic כְּלָא, ܟܠܴܐ; Ethiopic ከልአ: restrain, hinder; Assyrian kâiû, id.; Arabic كَلَأَ protect Qor 21:43 cf. Ba ZMG 1887, 605 Anm. 4)
Pf. 3 ms. sf. כְּלָאוֹ Yirmiya 32:3; 3 fs. כָּֽלְאָה Chaggai 1:10; 2 fs. sf. כְּלִתִ֫נִי Shmuel Alef 25:33; 1 s. כָּלִאתִי Tehillim 119:101; 3 pl. כָּֽלְאוּ Chaggai 1:10, כָּלוּ Shmuel Alef 6:10; Impf. 3 ms. יִכְלֶה Breishis 23:6; 2 ms. תִּכְלָא Tehillim 40:12; 2 fs. תִּכְלָ֑אִי Yeshaya 43:6; 1 s. אֶכְלָא Tehillim 40:10; Imv. sf. כְּלָאֵם Bamidbar 11:28; Inf. cstr. לִכְלוֹא Koheles 8:8; Pt. pass. כָּלוּא Yirmiya 32:2, כָּלֻא Tehillim 88:9; (on the metapl. forms, as if from כלה, v. Ges § 75, 21 ci 611);—
shut up, c. acc. Shmuel Alef 6:10 (+ בְ loc.), Yirmiya 32:3; pt. pass. Yirmiya 32:2 (בְ loc.), fig. Tehillim 88:9 (opp. יצא).
restrain, c. acc. Shmuel Alef 25:33 (+ מִבּוֹא בְדָמִים), Tehillim 119:101 (+ מִכָּל־); כְּלָאֵם (sc. מֵהִתְנַבֵּא) Bamidbar 11:28; כ׳ שְׂפָתַי Tehillim 40:10; כ׳ אֶת־הָרוּחַ Koheles 8:8. On Tehillim 74:11 v. כלה Pi. 2. 3. withhold, כ׳ אֶת־קִבְרוֹ מִמְּךָ מִקְּבֹר מֵתֶ֑ךָ Breishis 23:6 (P), כ׳ רַחֲמֶיךָ מִמֶּ֑נּי Tehillim 40:12, Chaggai 1:10, prob. also v a (read מָ֑ל for MT 𝔊 מִטָּ֑ל, We); abs. אַל־תִּכְלָאִי (sc. exiles) Yeshaya 43:6 (‖ תְּנִי).
Impf. וַיִּכָּלֵא הַגֶּשֶׁם מִן־הַשָּׁמַיִם Breishis 8:2 (J), and the rain from heaven was restrained, cf. וַיִּכָּֽלְאוּ מַיִם רַבִּים Yechezkel 31:15 (in fig.; ‖ מנע); וַיִּכָּלֵא הָעָם מֵהָבִיא Shemos 36:6 (P).
[Pf. כִּלָּא and] Inf. cstr. לְכַלֵּא v. כלה Pi.
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כֶּ֫לֶא
n.[m.] confinement, restraint, imprisonment;—abs. כ׳ Melachim Alef 22:27 + 6 times; sf. כִּלְאוֹ Melachim Beis 25:29; Yirmiya 52:33; pl. כְּלָאִים Yeshaya 42:22;—confinement, in combin. בֵּית (ה)כ׳ (cf. Assyrian bît kīli, prison, Dl HWB 328) Melachim Alef 22:27 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:26, Melachim Beis 17:4; Yirmiya 37:15, Yirmiya 37:18; Yeshaya 42:7; בָּֽתֵּי כְלָאִים v Yeshaya 42:22 (cf. בַּיִת 1 (ε) (2) p. 109 supr.; v. also כלוא infr.); בִּנְדֵי כִלְאוֹ Melachim Beis 25:29 = Yirmiya 52:33 garments of imprisonment = prison-garb.
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כִּלְאַיִם
n.[m.] du. two kinds (Arabic كِلَانِ, كِلَا both; Ethiopic ክልኤ; two; perhaps also כלאי MI23 both, two, Nö LCB 1889, 61, cf. Dr Sm xcii; Sm u. So MI 1886 suggest reservoirs; v. also כְּלִי)בְּהֶמְתְּךָ לֹא תַּרְבִּיעַ כ׳ Vayikra 19:19 not cause thy cattle to breed (in) two kinds; שָֽׂדְךָ לֹא תִּזְרַע כ׳ v Vayikra 19:19 (H); לֹא תִּזְרַע כַּרְמְךָ כ׳ Devarim 22:9 (both כִּלְאָ֑יִם); בֶּגֶד כ׳ Vayikra 19:19 (H);—only in law of H and D against mixtures.
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כִּלְאָב
n.pr.m. second son of David, Shmuel Beis 3:3 = דָּנִיֵּאל Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:1, v. דָּנִיֵּאל 1. p. 193 supr.
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כֶּ֫לֶב
n.m. Shmuel Alef 24:15 dog (NH id.; Ph. כלב; Aramaic כַּלְבָּא, ܟܰܠܒܳܐ; Arabic كَلْبٌ; Ethiopic ከልብ: Assyrian kalbu DlHWB 328)—abs. כ׳ Shoftim 7:5 + 16 times, כָּ֑לֶב Tehillim 59:7, Tehillim 59:15; pl. כְּלָבִים Melachim Alef 14:11 + 12 times; cstr. כַּלְבֵי Iyov 30:1; sf. כְּלָבֶיךָ Tehillim 68:24;—dog:
lit. Melachim Alef 14:11; Melachim Alef 16:4; Melachim Alef 21:19(×2), Melachim Alef 21:23, Melachim Alef 21:24; Melachim Alef 22:38; Melachim Beis 9:10, Melachim Beis 9:36 (all of fierce, hungry dogs, devouring dead bodies and licking blood); cf. Yirmiya 15:3 and (לְשׁוֹךָ כְּלָבֶיךָ) Tehillim 68:24; eating torn flesh, Shemos 22:30 (E), כַּלְבֵי צֹאנִי = my sheep-dogs, only Iyov 30:1 (in both these with implied inferiority); dog-sacrifice was a heathen rite Yeshaya 66:3 (Di al.); v. especially RSSem i. 273 (291), 325 (343); in various sim. Shoftim 7:5; Mishlei 26:11, Mishlei 26:17 Tehillim 59:7, Tehillim 59:15; in proverbial sayings: לֹא יֶחֱרַץ־כ׳ לִשֹׁנוֹ Shemos 11:7 (v. I. חרץ); לְכ׳ חַי הוּא טוֹב מִן־הָאַרְיֵה הַמֵּת Koheles 9:4.
applied, fig., to men, in contempt Shmuel Alef 17:43, so of psalmist’s enemies Tehillim 22:17, Tehillim 22:21, or in excessive humility Melachim Beis 8:13; still more emphatically כ׳ מֵת a dead dog, הַכּ׳ הַמֵּת Shmuel Beis 9:8; Shmuel Beis 16:8; also רֹאשׁ כ׳ Shmuel Beis 3:8; כְּלָבִים אִלְּמִים Yeshaya 56:10 (of misleading prophets), הַכּ׳ עַזֵּי נֶפֶשׁ v Yeshaya 56:11 (id.); כ׳ was name given to male temple-prostitutes Devarim 23:19 (v. Dr; cf. קָדֵשׁ).
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כָּלֵב
n.pr.m. (Nab. n.pr. כלבא Eut (Nö) p. 55. כלבו VogNab. 6; cf. also We Skizzen u. Vorarbeiten iii. 217; on כָּלֵב = dog-clan, v. RSK 17, 190 f., 219, 254);—son of יְפֻנֶּה (𝔊 Χαλεβ; cf. LagBN 78), called הַקְּנִזִּי (v. קְנַז) in JE, Bamidbar 32:12; Yehoshua 14:6, Yehoshua 14:14, cf. Yehoshua 15:17 = Shoftim 1:13, Shoftim 3:9 (where קְנַז is brother of כ׳), also Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:15; treated as full Judahite only in P Bamidbar 13:6 (v. GFM Ju p. 30 f.) the one of the spies who (with Joshua) reported well of Canaan Bamidbar 14:6, Bamidbar 14:24, Bamidbar 14:30, Bamidbar 14:38; also Bamidbar 26:65; Bamidbar 34:19; Devarim 1:36; Yehoshua 14:13; Yehoshua 15:13, Yehoshua 15:14, Yehoshua 15:16, Yehoshua 15:18; Yehoshua 21:12 (P = Divrei HaYamim Alef 6:41) Shoftim 1:12, Shoftim 1:14, Shoftim 1:15, Shoftim 1:20 (‖ with Yehoshua 15); = clan of Caleb Shmuel Alef 30:14 (disting. from Judah). Caleb is called בֶּן־חֶצְרוֹן Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:18, cf. v Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:19, Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:42, Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:46, Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:48, Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:49, Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:50 = כְּלוּבָ֑י v Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:9; בְּכָלֵב אֶפְרָתָה Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:24, read perhaps בָּא כ׳, so 𝔊 𝔙, cf. KauAT (v. אֶפְרָתָה p. 68 supr.)
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כָּלִבִּי
adj.gent. of כָּלֵב Shmuel Alef 25:3 Qr (Kt כְּלִבּוֹ).
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כְּלוּב
n.pr.m.
a name in Judah Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:11, 𝔊 Χαλεβ (according to WeCentib. 20, Hist. 218 = כָּלֵב בֶּן־חֶזְרוֹן; read also for כַּרְמִי v Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:1).
father of one of David’s officers, according to Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:26 (𝔊 Χοβουδ, A Χελουβ, 𝔊L Χαλουβ).
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כְּלוּבָ֑י
n.pr.m. a son of Hezron of Judah, according to Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:9 (𝔊 Χαβελ, A Χαλεβ, 𝔊L Χαλωβι), = כָּלֵב v Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:18 etc. (see כָּלֵב 2).
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כְּלוּב²
n.m. Yirmiya 5:27 basket, cage (√ dub.; NH id., כְּלִיבָה; Aramaic ܟܽܘܠܒܳܫܳܐ in Lexx.; Tel Am. kilubi, bird-net, cf. Zim ZA vi. 145, 147)—abs. כִּכְלוּבמָלֵא עוֹף Yirmiya 5:27 like a cage full of birds; cstr. כְּלוּב קַיִץ Amos 8:1, Amos 8:2 a basket of summer fruit.
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כָּלָה
vb. be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, spent (NH id., Pi.; Ph. כלה; Assyrian kalû, put an end to, and cease, vanish Dl HWB 329; late Aramaic כְּלָא cease, perish (not 𝔗); on root-meaning enclose cf. כלא and Ba ZMG 1887, 605)
Pf. כ׳ Melachim Alef 6:38 +; 3 fs. כָּֽלְתָה Shmuel Alef 20:7 +; 1 s. כָּלִיתִי Tehillim 39:11; 3 pl. כָּלוּ Iyov 19:27 +; 2 mpl. כְּלִיתֶם Malachi 3:6; וּכְלִיתֶם consec. Yechezkel 13:14; 1 pl. כָּלִינוּ Tehillim 90:7, etc.; Impf. יִכְלֶה Mishlei 22:8; juss. יִ֫כֶל Iyov 33:21 (v. Dr§ 171–173 Ges§ 109. 2 b Anm. Da Synt. § 51 R. 5; 64 R. 6); 3 fs. תִּכְלָה Melachim Alef 17:14; וַתֵּ֫כֶל Shemos 39:32 + Shmuel Beis 13:39 (v. infr.); 3 mpl. יִכְלוּ Yeshaya 1:28 +, יִכְלָי֑וּן Yeshaya 31:3, etc.; Inf. cstr. כְּלוֹת Rus 2:23 +, etc.;—
be complete, at an end, of a period of time Breishis 41:53 (E; opp. iii. חלל Hiph. begin v Breishis 41:54), Yirmiya 8:20 (‖ עבר); so of action or event, with emphasis on time Yeshaya 10:25; Yeshaya 24:13; Rus 2:23; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:28 (opp. הֵחֵל v Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:27), v Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:34 Daniel 12:7 (‖ קֵץ v Daniel 12:6, Daniel 12:9);—vid. also 2 b infr.
be completed, finished, of a work: temple Melachim Alef 6:38 Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:20; Divrei HaYamim Beis 8:16 (‖ שָׁלֵם), tabernacle Shemos 39:32 (P).
be accomplished, fulfilled, only of purposed wrath, or prediction of י׳, Yechezkel 5:13 (‖ כַּלּוֹתִי v b see Pi.), Daniel 11:36 Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:22 = Ezra 1:1.
be ideally complete, be determined, always in bad sense, plotted, subj. הָרָעָה: sq. מֵעִם of agent Shmuel Alef 20:7, also v Shmuel Alef 20:9 (+ לָבוֹא עַל), + v Shmuel Alef 20:33 (read כָּֽלְתָה, for MT כָּלָה הִיא, 𝔊 We Dr Kit Bu); כ׳ הָרָעָה אֶל־אֲדֹנֵינוּ וְעַל־כָּל־בֵּיתוֹ Shmuel Alef 25:17; sq. מֵאֵת of agent Esther 7:7 (+ אֵלָיו).
be spent, used up (proposes come to an end), of water Breishis 21:15 (E) meal Melachim Alef 17:14, Melachim Alef 17:16.
waste away, be exhausted, fail, lit. of fading grass Yeshaya 15:6 (‖ יָבֵשׁ, לֹא היה), of vintage Yeshaya 32:10 (opp. בּוֹא), of vanishing cloud Iyov 7:9 (in sim., ‖ הלך); fig. of fleeting days of life v Iyov 7:6 (‖ קלל), cf. Tehillim 102:4 and כָּלוּ בְיָגוֹן חַיַּי Tehillim 31:11, Yirmiya 20:18; v. also 1 a supr.; of flesh Iyov 33:21, cf. of vital strength Tehillim 71:9, בָּשָׂר וּשְׁאֵר Mishlei 5:11, כ׳ שְׁאֵרִי וּלְבָבִי Tehillim 73:26, subj. רוּחִי Tehillim 143:7; once of י׳’s compassion לֹא־כָלוּ רִחֲמָיו Eicha 3:22 (‖ תמם, on text. see VB); especially of eyes exhausted by weeping Eicha 2:11, strained by looking (fig.) for relief or refreshment, fail, languish Eicha 4:17 Tehillim 69:4; Iyov 11:20; Iyov 17:5; Yirmiya 14:6 (of wild asses); sq. אֶל Eicha 4:17; sq. לְ in spiritual sense Tehillim 119:82, Tehillim 119:123; similarly (sq. לִ) of נפשׁ exhausted by longing Tehillim 84:3 (‖ נכסף), Tehillim 119:81, כָּלוּ כִלְיֹתַי בְּחֵקִי Iyov 19:27; so also Shmuel Beis 13:39 where read וַתֵּכֶל רוּחַ הַמֶּלֶךְ (for MT וַתְּכַל דָּוִד הַמּ׳) and the spirit of the king pined to go forth unto Absalom, cf. 𝔊L We Klo Dr Kit Bu.
come to an end, vanish = perish, be destroyed, by י׳’s judgment Yeshaya 1:28 (‖ שֶׁבֶר), Yeshaya 16:4 (‖ אָפֵם, תָּמַם), Yeshaya 29:20 (‖ אָפֵם, נִכְרַת), Yeshaya 31:3 (‖ כשׁל, נפל), וּבַחֶרֶב וּבָרָעָב יִכְלוּ Yirmiya 16:4, cf. Yirmiya 44:27 (‖ תָּמַם), Yechezkel 5:12 (‖ מוּת, נָפַל), Yechezkel 13:14 Malachi 3:6 Tehillim 37:20(×2) (‖ אבד), Iyov 4:9 (‖ id.), Tehillim 71:13 (‖ בּוֹשׁ); hyperbol., of severe discipline Tehillim 39:11; Tehillim 90:7 (‖ נבהל); of prosperity of a people Yeshaya 21:16; שֵׁבֶט עֶבְרָתוֹ יִכְלֶה Mishlei 22:8 the rod of his wrath perishes (> Ew al. is accomplished, of God’s wrath).—Daniel 12:7 read perhaps וְכִכְלוֹת יַד נֹפֵץ עַם קֹדֶשׁ and when the power of the shatterer of the holy people should come to an end, so Bev after 𝔊 (for difficult MT וּכְכַלּוֹת נַפֵּץ יַד־עַם־קֹדֶשׁ)†.
Pf. כִּלָּה Breishis 18:33 +, כִּלָּא Mishlei 16:30 Baer (van d. H. כִּלָּה), sf. כִּלָּנוּ Shmuel Beis 21:5, כִּלָּם Eicha 2:22; 3 fs. וְכִלְּתָה consec. Hoshea 11:6, sf. וְכִ֫לַּתּוּ consec. Zecharia 5:4; 1 s. כִּלִּיתִי Bamidbar 25:11, כִּלֵּיתִי Yeshaya 49:4, וְכִלֵּיתִ֫י Yechezkel 6:12 + 2 times; sf. כִּלִּיתִים Yechezkel 22:31, וְכִלִּיתִיךָ consec. Shemos 33:5; 3 pl. כִּלּוּ Breishis 24:19 +, etc.; Impf. יְכַלֶּה Yeshaya 10:18; וַיְכַל Breishis 2:2; 3 fs. וַתְּכַל Breishis 24:19 + Shmuel Beis 13:39 (but read וַתֵּכֶל We Dr al., and v. Qal 2 b); 1 s. אֲכַלֶּה Breishis 24:25 + 4 times; וָאֲכַל Yechezkel 43:8; sf. אֲכֶלְךָ Shemos 33:3 (Kö i 545); 3 mpl. יְכַלּוּ Iyov 36:11 + Iyov 21:13 Qr (Kt יבלו; v. בלה p. 115 supr.), + etc.; Imv. כַּלֵּה Tehillim 59:14(×2) + Tehillim 74:11 (but text dub., v. infr., 2); mpl. כַּלּוּ Shemos 5:13; Inf. abs. כַּלֵּה Shmuel Alef 3:12 + 5 times; cstr. לְכַלֵּא Daniel 9:24 (metapl. form), כַּלּוֹת Shmuel Alef 2:33 +, etc.; Pt. מְכַלֶּה Yirmiya 14:12; Iyov 9:22; fpl. מְכַלּוֹת Vayikra 26:16;—
complete, bring to an end, finish a thing, task, work, etc., c. acc. rei Shemos 5:13, Shemos 5:14 (+ inf.; both J), Melachim Alef 6:9, Melachim Alef 6:14; Melachim Alef 7:1; Yechezkel 42:15, Breishis 2:6; Breishis 6:16; Shemos 40:33 (P), Rus 2:21; Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:1; Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:11; Ezra 9:1, so לְכַלֵּא הַפֶּשַׁע Daniel 9:24 to make an end of the transgression (cf. VB Bev); Vayikra 23:22 (modified from Vayikra 19:9 q.v. infr.); acc. om. Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:7 (opp. הֵחֵל לְ), Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:10, Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:14; Nechemia 3:34.
complete a period of time יָמִים Yechezkel 4:6, Yechezkel 4:8; complete one’s days, enjoy the full measure of human life Iyov 21:13; Iyov 36:11, or bring one’s years to an end Tehillim 90:9, with added idea of transitoriness.
finish doing a thing, usually sq. ל inf. Breishis 18:33; Breishis 24:15, Breishis 24:19(×2), Breishis 24:22 (all J), Breishis 17:22; Shemos 31:18; Bamidbar 4:15 (all P), Amos 7:2 Melachim Alef 1:41; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:29; Rus 3:3 + 31 times incl. Shmuel Beis 11:19, where obj. of infin. precedes it, v. Dr, so Vayikra 19:9 (cf. Vayikra 23:22 supr.); + Divrei HaYamim Alef 27:24 (לְ inf. om.; opp. הֵחֵל לְ), Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:17; + Daniel 12:7 (inf. without לְ; but see Qal 2 c ad fin.); sq. מִן inf., Shmuel Alef 10:13 Shmuel Beis 6:18 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:2, Shemos 34:33; Vayikra 16:20; Yehoshua 19:51 (all P), Yechezkel 43:23.
make an end, end, sq. בְּ make an end with, finish dealing with Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:23; Ezra 10:17; abs., opp. הֵחֵל, בַּגָּדוֹל הֵחֵל וּבַקָּטֹן כִּלָּה Breishis 44:12 (J) he began with the eldest and with the youngest he ended; so inf. abs. adverb. הָחֵל וְכַלֵּה Shmuel Alef 3:12 a beginning and an ending, i.e. doing it thoroughly (v. Dr); also עַד־כַּלֵּה = utterly Melachim Beis 13:17, Melachim Beis 13:19, to extremity Ezra 9:14 (of י׳’s anger), עַד־לְכַלֵּה (late) = completely Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:10 (until all had given), Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:1 (until all were destroyed).
accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass, a thing Rus 3:18; c. acc. of י׳’s wrath (חֲמָתוֹ) Eicha 4:11; so (חֲמָתִי, אַפִּי) + ב pers. Yechezkel 5:13; Yechezkel 6:12; Yechezkel 7:8; Yechezkel 13:15; Yechezkel 20:8, Yechezkel 20:21.
accomplish in thought, determine (cf. Qal 1 d) sq. רָעָה Mishlei 16:30 (‖ חשׁב).
put an end to, cause to cease Bamidbar 17:25 (+ מֵעָלַי); וַיְכַל־בַּהֶבֶל יְמֵיהֶם Tehillim 78:33 and he consumed (caused to vanish) in vanity their days.
cause to fail, exhaust, use up, spend, חִצַּי אֲכַלֶּה־בָּם Devarim 32:23 my arrows will I exhaust against them; exhaust one’s strength כֹּחַ Yeshaya 49:4 (‖ יָגַע); the eyes (by weeping; cf. Qal 2 b) Shmuel Alef 2:33; Iyov 31:16; of a disease, consume the eyes Vayikra 26:16 (H).
destroy, sometimes exterminate: (1) men subj., c. acc. pers. Shmuel Beis 21:5; Shmuel Beis 22:39 (‖ מחץ), Devarim 7:22 Divrei HaYamim Beis 8:8; Yirmiya 10:25 (‖ אכל), Eicha 2:22 Tehillim 119:87; especially in phr. עַד כַּלּוֹתָם Shmuel Alef 15:18 (on text. v. Dr), Shmuel Beis 22:38 (‖ השׁמיד) = Tehillim 18:38, Melachim Alef 22:11 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:10; (2) God subj., c. acc. pers. Yehoshua 24:20 (E), Yeshaya 10:18 (Assyrian host, under fig. of forest); Yirmiya 5:3; Shemos 32:10; Shemos 33:3, Shemos 33:5 (JE), Bamidbar 16:21; Bamidbar 17:10; Bamidbar 25:11 (all P), Vayikra 26:44 (H), Yechezkel 20:13; Yechezkel 22:31; Yechezkel 43:8 Iyov 9:22; עַד כַּלֹּתוֹ אֹתְךָ Devarim 28:21, עַד כַּלּוֹתִי אוֹתָם Yirmiya 9:15; Yirmiya 49:37; abs. Tehillim 59:14(×2); so also (si vera l.) Tehillim 74:11 (see VB; Bi Che בְּקֶרֶב חֵקְךָ תִּכְלָא and thy right hand (why) keepest thou in thy bosom); acc. + ב instr. Yirmiya 14:12 (by sword, famine, and pestilence); sometimes the instrument of י׳’s judgment becomes grammat. subj.; subj. הַחֶרֶב Hoshea 11:6 (obj. בַּדָּיו, of city; ‖ אכל), subj. עֵגֶל Yeshaya 27:10 (obj. סְעִפֶֿיהָ; ‖ רָעָה), subj. flying roll Zecharia 5:4 (obj. house).
Pf. 3 pl. כָּלּוּ Tehillim 72:20 be finished, ended; Impf. 3 mpl. וַיְכֻלּוּ Breishis 2:1 be completed (P).
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כָּלָה²
n.f. completion, complete destruction, consumption, annihilation; always this form;—
completion, but only as adv., and dubious: completely, altogether Breishis 18:21 (J; read כֻּלָּם Ol Kau Buhl), Shemos 11:1 (si vera l.)
complete destruction, consumption, annihilation:
almost always by God, especially עָשָׂה כ׳ Yeshaya 10:23 (+ וְנֶחֱרָצָה), Nachum 1:8 (2 acc., si vera l.; Buhl ZAW 1885, 181 proposes בְּקָמָיו for מְקוֹמָהּ v. Id.HWB 12 KauAT, Text Krit. Erläut. p. 65; v. also מָקוֹם sub קום), v Nachum 1:9 Yirmiya 4:27 Nechemia 9:31 (2 acc.); + אֵת pers. = with, pergn. sense, = in dealing with (cf. II. אֵת 1 d), Tzefania 1:18 (כ׳ אַךְ נִבְהָלָה), Yirmiya 5:18; Yirmiya 30:11 = Yirmiya 46:28 (אֹתְךָ = אִתְּךָ), Yechezkel 11:13; Yechezkel 20:17 (אוֹתָם = אִתָּם); + בְּכָל־גּוֹיִם Yirmiya 30:11; Yirmiya 46:28; without עשׂה: כ׳ וְנֶחֱרָצָה שָׁמַעְתִּי Yeshaya 28:22, עַד־כ׳ וְנ׳ Daniel 9:27 (on both cf. Yeshaya 10:23; Tzefania 1:18); לְכָלָה for annihilation Yechezkel 13:13 (si vera l., v. Co), וְלֹא לְהַשְׁחִית לְכ׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:12.
by men, וְכ׳ אַל־תַּעֲשׂוּ Yirmiya 5:10; וְכ׳ בְיָדוֹ Daniel 11:16 and (i.e. with) annihilation in his hand.
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כִּלָּיוֹן
n.m. 1. failing, pining; 2. annihilation (on format. cf. LagBN 200);—
cstr. כִּלְיוֹן עֵינַיִם Devarim 28:65 failing of eyes (in longing, cf. foregoing, and v. Dr).
כִּלָּיוֹן חָרוּץ Yeshaya 10:22 annihilation, strictly decided.
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כְּלִי
n.m. Hoshea 8:8 article, utensil, vessel (NH id.; according to Thes from כלה = conficere, like Ger. Zeug from zeugen; proposes therefore anything finished, made, produced; according to BaZMG 1887, 605 from meaning enclose, contain; he finds pl. of כְּלִי in כלאי M-I23 (cf. כלאים))כ׳ abs. Yirmiya 18:4 +; הַכֶּ֑לִי Shmuel Alef 17:49; Shmuel Alef 21:6; cstr. כְּלִי Hoshea 13:15 +; sf. כֶּלְיְךָ Devarim 23:25; pl. כֵּלִים Shemos 22:6 +; cstr. כְּלֵי Breishis 24:53 +; sf. כֵּלַי Breishis 31:37 + 2 times; כֵּלֶיךָ Breishis 27:3 Yechezkel 12:4; כֵּלֵינוּ Shmuel Alef 9:7; כְּלֵיכֶם Breishis 43:11 +; כְּלֵיהֶם Yehoshua 7:11 +;—
in gen., article, object, made of any material, thing, especially thing of value כ׳ זָהָב Shmuel Alef 6:8, Shmuel Alef 6:15 (images of mice, etc.), personal or household property Breishis 31:37(×2) (E; v b כֹּל כְּלֵי־בֵיתֶ֑ךָ), Breishis 45:20 (E), כִּלֵי בֵית־טוֹבִיָּהוּ Nechemia 13:8, Yehoshua 7:11 (JE), כֶּסֶף אוֹ כֵּלִים Shemos 22:6 (E) money or articles (property), כְּלִי־פָּ֑ז Iyov 28:17 (appar. coll.); things carried, pl. = stuff, load, baggage (impedimenta) Shmuel Alef 17:22(×2), appar. = baggage-train Shmuel Alef 10:22; Shmuel Alef 25:13; Shmuel Alef 30:24 Yeshaya 10:28; (cf. Breishis 31:37 supr.); כְּלֵי גוֹלָה things of exile, i.e. the most necessary articles, such as exiles may take, Yirmiya 46:19 Yechezkel 12:3, Yechezkel 12:4, Yechezkel 12:7, cf. v Yechezkel 12:4, Yechezkel 12:7; = ornament or jewels Breishis 24:53 (J כ׳ כֶסֶף וכ׳ זָהָב, prob. = ornaments), כ׳ כסף וכ׳ זהב also Shemos 3:22; Shemos 11:2; Shemos 12:35 (all E); Yeshaya 61:10, Shemos 35:22 Bamidbar 31:50, כְּלֵי מַעֲשֶׂה v Bamidbar 31:51 (all P), כְּלִי יְקָר Mishlei 20:15 (in fig.), כ׳ תִפְאַרְתֵּךְ Yechezkel 16:17, Yechezkel 16:39; Yechezkel 23:26 (all in fig.); כְּלֵי נְחשֶׁת as merchandise Yechezkel 27:13; כֵּלִים as cargo of ship Yonah 1:5; כסף וזהב וּכְלֵי נְחשֶׁת וּבַרְזֶל Yehoshua 6:19, Yehoshua 6:24 (JE; spoil of war); of any household article (on which one sits) Vayikra 15:4, Vayikra 15:6, Vayikra 15:22, Vayikra 15:23, Vayikra 15:26 (all P); of skin Bamidbar 31:20, or wood v Bamidbar 31:20 (P) כְּלִי חֶמְדָּה Nachum 2:10 precious thing, so Hoshea 13:15 (fig.), Yirmiya 25:34 (sim.), Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:27 Daniel 11:8, כלי חֲמֻדוֹת Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:25 (appar. = ornaments); also כְּלִי אֵין־חֵפֶץ בּוֹ Yirmiya 22:28 (fig. of Coniah, ‖ עֶצֶב נִבְזֶה נָפוּץ), Hoshea 8:8 (sim.; cf. Yirmiya 48:38 infr.); †specif. of garments (one’s ‘things’): כְּלִי־גֶבֶר Devarim 22:5 (‖ שִׂמְלַת אִשָּׁה), so כְּלִי־עוֹר Vayikra 13:49 (cf. מְלֶאכֶת עוֹר v Vayikra 13:48), v Vayikra 13:52, Vayikra 13:53, Vayikra 13:57, Vayikra 13:58, Vayikra 13:59 (all P).
utensil, implement, apparatus:
implement of hunting and (especially) war, = weapon Breishis 27:3 (J), Shmuel Alef 20:40; Shmuel Alef 21:9 (גַּם חַרְבִּי וְגַם כֵּלַי), Melachim Alef 11:8 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:7, Melachim Alef 11:11 Yeshaya 54:16, Yeshaya 54:17 Yirmiya 22:7; prob. also Bamidbar 35:22, כְּלִי בַּרְזֶל v Bamidbar 35:16, כְּלִי עֵץ־יָד v Bamidbar 35:18 (all P); כְּלֵי חָמָם Breishis 49:5 (poem); כְּלִי מַשְׁחֵתוֹ Yechezkel 9:1, כ׳ מַפָּצוֹ v Yechezkel 9:2; fig. of God’s weapons כְּלֵי־מָוֶת Tehillim 7:14 (‖ חִצָּיו); כ׳ זַעְמוֹ Yeshaya 13:5 Yirmiya 50:25; of entire equipment of warrior, armour or armament offensive and defensive Shmuel Alef 17:54 (cf. v Shmuel Alef 17:5), Shmuel Alef 21:6, Shmuel Alef 21:9 (v DrSm 139, 293), Shmuel Alef 31:9, Shmuel Alef 31:10 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 10:9, Divrei HaYamim Alef 10:10; hence (כֵּלָיו) נֹשֵׂא כֵלִים armour- or weapon-bearer Shoftim 9:54 Shmuel Alef 14:1, Shmuel Alef 14:6, Shmuel Alef 14:7, Shmuel Alef 14:12(×2), Shmuel Alef 14:13(×2), Shmuel Alef 14:14, Shmuel Alef 14:17; Shmuel Alef 16:21; Shmuel Alef 31:4(×2), Shmuel Alef 31:5, Shmuel Alef 31:6 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 10:4(×2), Divrei HaYamim Alef 10:5, Shmuel Beis 18:15; Shmuel Beis 23:37 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:39; fig. וְכֵלַי כֵּלָיו רָעִים Yeshaya 32:7 and a knave, his weapons (i.e. devices, Che ‘machinations’) are evil; more precisely כְּלֵי מִלְחָמָה Shoftim 18:11, Shoftim 18:16, Shoftim 18:17 Shmuel Alef 8:12 Shmuel Beis 1:27 Devarim 1:41 Yirmiya 21:4; Yirmiya 51:20 (fig.), Yechezkel 32:27 Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:34 (van d. H. v Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:33); כְּלֵי צְבָא מִלְחָמָה Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:38 (van d. H.) v Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:37); כְּלֵי קְרָב Koheles 9:18; בֵּית כֵּלָיו Melachim Beis 20:13 = Yeshaya 39:2 is perhaps armoury; כ׳ Yechezkel 40:42 is sacrificial knife.
instrument of music כְּלֵי (הַ)שִּׁיר Amos 6:5 Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:16; Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:42 Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:6 Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:12; כְּלֵי דָוִיד Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:26, Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:27, כ׳־שִׁיר דָּוִיד Nechemia 12:36; כְּלִי נֶבֶל Tehillim 71:22, כ׳ נְבָלִים Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:5; כֵּלִים alone Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:5, cf. Bamidbar 31:6 (P כְּלֵי הַקֹּדֶשׁ);—for (ליהוה) בִּכְלֵי עֹז Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:21 read בְּכָל־עֹז (KauAT, cf. Be).
implement of labour, tool כ׳ בַרְזֶל Melachim Alef 6:7, or of one’s calling, pursuit קַח־לְךָ כְּלִי רֹעֶה אֱוִלִי Zecharia 11:15 (otherwise Shmuel Alef 17:40, v 3).
equipment of oxen (yoke, etc.) Shmuel Beis 24:22 Melachim Alef 19:21.
כְּלֵי רִכְבּוֹ Shmuel Alef 8:12 his chariot-equipments.
as gen. term for utensils and furniture of Sol.’s palace Melachim Alef 10:21 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:20; especially (very often) of tabern. Shemos 25:9, Shemos 25:39; Shemos 27:3 + (in Hex always P), and temple Melachim Alef 7:45, Melachim Alef 7:47, Melachim Alef 7:48 Melachim Beis 12:14 +; of both palace and temple Yirmiya 27:18, Yirmiya 27:19, Yirmiya 27:21; combinations are כְּלֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּן Shemos 27:19, כ׳ הַמִּזְבֵּחַ Shemos 38:3, כ׳ יהוה Yeshaya 52:11, כ׳ בֵית י׳ Yirmiya 27:16; Yirmiya 28:3, Yirmiya 28:6 Ezra 1:7, כְּלֵי חֶמְדַּת בֵּית י׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:10, כ׳ בֵית אֱלֹהִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:24(×2); Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:18 Nechemia 13:9 Daniel 1:2, כ׳ הַמִּקְדָּשׁ Nechemia 10:40; כ׳ הַשָּׁרֵת Bamidbar 4:12 utensil of ministry, כ׳ עֲבֹדָתָם Bamidbar 4:26 Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:28; Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:14(×2), כ׳ עֲבוֹדַת בֵּית י׳ Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:13, כ׳ מִשְׁמֶרֶת מַשָּׂאָם Bamidbar 4:32; also כ׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ Melachim Alef 8:4 Divrei HaYamim Alef 9:29; of appliances of idol-worship Melachim Beis 23:4.
>vessel, receptacle, of various materials and for various purposes Breishis 43:11 (J); Shmuel Alef 9:7 Devarim 23:25; = sack Breishis 42:25 (E; שַׂק in ‖ cl., cf. אַמְתַּחַת v Breishis 42:27); כְּלִי הָרֹעִים shepherd’s bag or wallet Shmuel Alef 17:40, cf. v Shmuel Alef 17:49; כ׳ חֶרֶשׂ Yirmiya 32:14 is earthernware receptacle for deed of sale; for liquids Melachim Alef 17:10 Melachim Beis 4:3(×2), Melachim Beis 4:4, Melachim Beis 4:6(×3), כ׳ מַשְׁקֶה Melachim Alef 10:21 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:20, כְּלֵי שַׁמְנָהּ Bamidbar 4:9, cf. v Bamidbar 4:10; וְלֹא הוּרַק מִכְּלִי אֶל־כֶּ֑לִי Yirmiya 48:11 (fig.), cf. v Yirmiya 48:12 (‖ נְבָלִים); for cooking Vayikra 6:21 (כ׳ חֶרֶשׂ), v Vayikra 6:21 (כ׳ נְחשֶׁת); v also (הַ)יּוֹצֵר Shmuel Beis 17:28 Yirmiya 19:11 (sim.), Tehillim 2:9 (sim.), לַצֹּרֵף כֶּ֑לִי Mishlei 25:4; כ׳ פָתוּחַ Bamidbar 19:15 an open (uncovered) vessel. כ׳ טָהוֹר Yeshaya 66:20 a clean vessel; fig. of Eliakim’s relatives כְּלֵי הַקָּטָ֑ן מִכְּלֵי הָאַגָּנוֹת וְעַד כָּל־כְּלֵי הַנְּבָלִים Yeshaya 22:24 the vessels of smallness (DaSynt. § 32, R 5), from the basin-vessels to all the pitcher-vessels.
specif. כְּלֵי־גֹמֶא Yeshaya 18:2 vessels (boats) of paper-reed.
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כלה
(√ of foll.; meaning unknown).
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כַּלָּה
v. sub II. כלל.
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כלח
(√ of i. כֶּלַח, meaning dub.; Arabic كَلَحَ is contract the face, look hard, stern; كَلَاحِ, كُلَاحٌ a hard year (through dearth, etc.)).
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כֶּ֫לַח
n.m. poss. firm or rugged strength (v. √ supr.), תָּבוֹא בְכ׳ אֱלֵי־קָ֑בֶר Iyov 5:26 thou shalt come in firm strength (with thy body vigorous, powers unimpaired) unto the grave; עָלֵימוֹ אָבַד כָּ֑לַח Iyov 30:2 upon whom vigour has perished.
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כֶּ֫לַח²
n.pr.loc. city in Assyria Breishis 10:11, Breishis 10:12 = Assyrian Kalḫu, SchrCOT ad loc. DlPar 261, mod. Nimrûd, at NE. angle of Upper Zab and Tigris (v. Billerbeck u. Jeremias BASiii. 1895, 130 ff.)
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כְּלִי²
etc., v. sub I. כלה.
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כֹּל²
once כּוֹל (Yirmiya 33:8 Kt), n.m. the whole, all (Moab., Ph., id.; Aramaic כּוֹל, ܟܽܠ; Arabic كُلٌّ; Sab. כל, cf. DHMEpigr. Denk. 36–38;. Ethiopic ኵል Assyrian kullatu)—abs. כֹּל, cstr. כֹּל Breishis 2:5, Breishis 2:16, Breishis 2:20 + often, once כֹּל־ Tehillim 138:2 (v. Ba), but more usually כָּל־ (with makk.: without it, †Tehillim 35:10 Mishlei 19:7; Köi 84, 95); sf. 2 ms. in p. כֻּלָּךְMicha 2:12; 2 fs. כֻּלֵּךְYeshaya 14:29, Yeshaya 14:31, כֻּלָּךְYeshaya 22:1 Shir HaShirim 4:7 (perhaps for assonance with accompanying לָךְ, בָּךְ); 3 ms. כֻּלֹּה Shmuel Beis 2:9 (v. Dr) + 17 times (never in Pent.), כֻּלּוֹ Breishis 25:25 + 16 times; 3 fs. כֻּלָּהּ Breishis 13:10 + 15 times, כֻּלָּאYechezkel 36:5; כֻּלָּנוּ (16 times); כֻּלְּכֶם (18 times); כֻּלָּם (often), כּוּלָּםYirmiya 31:34, כֻּלָּ֑הַםShmuel Beis 23:6 (and prob. Yirmiya 15:10 כֻּלְּהֶם); 3 fpl. כֻּ֫לָּנָהBreishis 42:36 Mishlei 31:29; כֻּלָּֽהְנָה׃Melachim Alef 7:37:—the whole,
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffiness, all or every:
Breishis 2:2 כָּל־צְבָאָם the whole of their host, v Breishis 2:13 כָּל־אֶרֶץ כּוּשׁ the whole of the land of Kush; כָּל־הַלַּיְלָה the whole of the night; כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל the whole of Israel = all Israel; Devarim 4:29 בְּכָל־לְבָֽבְךָ with the whole of thy heart = with all thy heart; + very often With a plural noun, usually determined by the art. or a genitive: Breishis 5:5 כל־ימי אדם the whole of (= all) the days of Adam, Breishis 37:35 כל־בניו the whole of (= all) his sons, Yeshaya 2:2 כל־הגוים all the nations; Breishis 43:9 + often כל הימים = continually. In poetry, however, the noun may remain undetermined, כָּל־יָדַיִם the whole of hands = every hand, Yeshaya 13:7; Yirmiya 48:37; Yechezkel 21:12; כל־פנים i.e. every face Yeshaya 25:8; Yoel 2:6; כל שׁלחנות Yeshaya 28:8; כל חוצות Yeshaya 51:20 Eicha 2:19 al. Before an inf. †Breishis 30:41; Devarim 4:7; Melachim Alef 8:52; Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:31. Freq. with sfs., as כֻּלּוֹ (כֻּלֹּה) the whole of him Breishis 25:25; Iyov 21:23; Shir HaShirim 5:16, the whole of it Vayikra 13:13; Yirmiya 2:21; Nachum 2:1; Mishlei 24:31; כֻּלָּהּ the whole of it Breishis 13:10; Shemos 19:18; Shemos 25:36 Amos 8:8; כֻּלָּךְ all of thee Shir HaShirim 4:7 + (v. ad init.); כֻּלָּנוּ the whole of us Breishis 42:11; Devarim 5:3; Yeshaya 53:6, Yeshaya 53:6; כֻּלְּכֶם Devarim 1:22; Devarim 4:4; Shmuel Alef 22:7, Shmuel Alef 22:7; כֻּלָּם Breishis 11:6; Breishis 43:34; Yehoshua 8:24; ויפלו כֻּלָּם, Shoftim 11:6; בְּיַד כֻּלָּם, Yeshaya 7:19; Yeshaya 31:3 + often—Twice, strangely, with hyperb. intensive force, Tehillim 39:6 כָּל־הֶבֶל the whole of vanity are all men (? om. כל, as v Tehillim 39:12), Tehillim 45:14 כָּל־כְּבוּדָּה the whole of gloriousness is the king’s daughter.
followed often by a singular, to be understood collectively, whether with or without the art.: Breishis 1:21 את כל נפשׁ החיה the whole of living souls = every living soul, Breishis 2:9 כל עץ נחמד למראה the whole of trees (every kind of tree) pleasant to view, Breishis 6:12 + כָּל־בָּשָׂר, Breishis 7:14 כל צפור כל כנף all birds of every kind of wing (so Yechezkel 17:23), v Yechezkel 17:21 כל האדם the whole of mankind (so Bamidbar 12:3; Bamidbar 16:29 Shoftim 16:17 al.); poet. כל־אדם Tehillim 39:6; Tehillim 64:10 +; Shmuel Alef 14:52 כל אישׁ גבור וכל־בן־חיל, Shmuel Alef 17:19, Shmuel Alef 17:24 כל אישׁ ישׂראל, Shmuel Alef 22:2; Yeshaya 9:16 כל פה the whole of mouths = every mouth, Yeshaya 15:2; Yeshaya 24:10 כָּל־בַּיִת + often (in Yeshaya 2:12-16 the sg. and pl. interchange); Tehillim 7:12 + בכל־יום, Tehillim 10:5 + בכל־עת = at all seasons. So כל־העץ Breishis 1:29, כל־הבן Shemos 1:22 = all the sons, כל־המקום Shemos 20:21 Devarim 11:24 = all the places, כל־המרכב Vayikra 15:9, v Vayikra 15:26 Devarim 4:3 כל־האישׁ אשׁר = all the men who …, Devarim 15:19 כל־הבכור, Yirmiya 4:29 כל־העיר עזובה all the cities (notice the foll. בָּהֶן); כל־היום = all the days (v. יוֹם 7 f), etc. In late Heb. extended to such phrases as בְּכָל־דּוֹר וָדוֹרTehillim 45:18; Tehillim 145:13 Esther 9:28; בכל־עיר ועירDivrei HaYamim Beis 11:12; Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:25; Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:19 Esther 8:11, Esther 8:17; Esther 9:28; †Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:28 Esther 2:11; Esther 3:14; Esther 4:3; Esther 8:13, Esther 8:17; Esther 9:21, Esther 9:27, Esther 9:28(×3), (cf. וְ 1 i b).
the gen. after כל is often a rel. sentence, introduced by אשׁר: Breishis 1:31 את כל אשׁר עשׂה the whole of what he had made, Breishis 7:22; Breishis 13:1 + very often Sometimes, with a prep., כל אשׁר has the force of wheresoever, whithersoever, as Yehoshua 1:9 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ wheresoever thou goest, v Breishis 13:16 אֶל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר whithersoever (see אֲשֶׁר 4 b γ). Very rarely in such cases is there ellipse of the rel., as Breishis 39:4 וְכָל־יֶשׁ־לוֹ נָתַן בְּיָדִי (contrast v Breishis 39:5, Breishis 39:8), Shemos 9:4 מכל־לבני ישׂראל, Yeshaya 38:16 וּלְכָל־בָּהֶן חַיֵּי רוּחִי, Tehillim 71:18 לְכָל־יָבוֹא (Tehillim 74:3, v. 2 a), Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:31; peculiarly also in Chr (DrIntr. 505), Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:3 מִכָּל־הֲכִינוֹתִי, Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:18 Ezra 1:6; cf. with כֹּל (2 a) Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:11 a Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:17; Ezra 1:5.
with a suffix two idiomatic uses of כל have to be noticed: (a) כל is often made more independent and emphatic by being placed with a suffix after the word which it qualifies, to which it then stands in apposition (cf. in Syriac, Arabic, Ethiopic), as Shmuel Beis 2:9 יִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלֹּה, Yirmiya 13:19; Yirmiya 48:31; Yeshaya 9:8; Yeshaya 14:29, Yeshaya 14:31 פלשׁת כלך Philistia, all of thee! Micha 2:12 Chavakuk 2:6 Iyov 34:13 Tehillim 67:4, Tehillim 67:6; especially in Ezek., as Yechezkel 14:5; Yechezkel 29:2 מצדים כֻּלָּהּ Yechezkel 32:12, Yechezkel 32:30; with change of person (cf. the idiom in Yeshaya 22:16; Yeshaya 48:1; Yeshaya 54:1 etc.), Melachim Alef 22:28 = Micha 1:2 שׁמעו עמים כלם Hear, nations, all of them! Malachi 3:9 הַגּוֹי כֻּלּוֹ. So even with כל preceding: Bamidbar 16:3 כָּל־הָעֵדָה כֻּלָּם, Yeshaya 14:18; Yirmiya 30:16; Yechezkel 11:15 כל בית ישׂראל כֻּלֹּה the whole of the house of Israel, the whole of it (so Yechezkel 20:40; Yechezkel 36:10), Yechezkel 35:15; Yechezkel 36:5 Tehillim 8:8 (cf. Sab. DHMl.c.); (b) with the sf. of 3 ms., understood as referring to the mass of things or persons meant, כֻּלֹּה or כֻּלּוֹ, lit. the whole of it, is equivalent to all of them, every one, †Shemos 14:7 and captains עַל־כֻּלּוֹ upon the whole of it (the רֶכֶב collectively) = all of them, Yeshaya 1:23 the whole of it (the people) loveth bribes, Yeshaya 9:16; Yeshaya 15:3; Yirmiya 6:13(×2); Yirmiya 8:6, Yirmiya 8:10(×2); Yirmiya 20:7; Chavakuk 1:9, Chavakuk 1:15; Tehillim 29:9 and in his temple כֻּלּוֹ אֹמֵר כָּבוֹד the whole of it (= every one there) says, Glory! Tehillim 53:4 (‖ 14:3 הַכֹּל); perhaps Yeshaya 16:7; Yirmiya 48:38; + Mishlei 19:6 Ew Hi (וְכֻלֹּה רֵעַ): Yirmiya 15:10 read כֻּלְּהֶם קִלֲלוּנִי.
Heb. idiom in certain cases affirms, or denies, of an entire class, where Engl. idiom affirms, or denies, of an individual of the class; thus in a compar. or hypoth. sentence כל is = any, and with a neg. = none; (a) Breishis 3:1 the serpent was more subtil מכל חית השׂדה than all beasts of the field (in our idiom: than any beast of the field), Devarim 7:7; Shmuel Alef 9:2; (b) Vayikra 4:2 a soul when it sins through ignorance מכל מצות י״י in all the commandments of Jehovah (= in any of the commandments, etc.), Vayikra 19:23 when ye … plant כל־עץ מאכל = any tree for food, Bamidbar 35:22 or if he have cast upon him כָּל־כְּלִי = any weapon, Melachim Alef 8:37 b; joined with a ptcp. in a hypoth. sense (Dr§ 121 n. Ges§ 116, 5 R. 5), Breishis 4:14 כל מצאי all my finders (= if any one find me), he will slay me, v Breishis 4:15 a Bamidbar 21:8; כָּל־הַנָּשׁוּךְ = whosoever (= if any one) is bitten, Shmuel Alef 2:13; (c) with a neg., Breishis 2:5 all plants of the field טֶרֶם יִהְיֶה were not as yet = no plant of the field as yet was, Breishis 4:15 b לבלתי הכות־אתו כל־מצאו for the not-smiting him of all finding him = that none finding him should smite him, Shemos 10:15 ולא־נותר כל ירק = and no green things were left, Shemos 12:16 כל־מלאכה לא יעשׂה all work shall not be done = no work shall be done, Devarim 28:14; Shoftim 13:4 אַל־תֹּאכְלִי כָּל־טָמֵא eat not of all that is unclean, Shoftim 19:19 אֵין מַחְסוֹר כָּל־דָּבָר there is no lack of all things i.e. of any thing, Tehillim 143:2 כי לא־יצדק לפניך כל־חי, + very often (so οὐ πᾶς, as a Hebraism, in the N.T., e.g. Mk 13:20 οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ, Lk 1:37 οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει … πᾶν ῥῆμα, as Yirmiya 32:17 לֹא־יִפָּלֵא מִמְּךָ כָּל־דָּבָר, Gal 2:16 οὐ δικαιωθήσεται … πᾶσα σάρξ, etc.) Usually, in such cases, כל (or its gen.) is without the art., being left purposely indef.: in Tehillim 49:18 (2 b a) הַכֹּל is emph. (In Bamidbar 23:13 וְכֻלּוֹ לֹא תִרְאֶה the context shews that כֹּל is opp. to a part).
very anomalously, severed from its gen., †Shmuel Beis 1:9 כִּי־כָל־עוֹד נַפְשִׁי בִי, Iyov 27:3 כִּי־כָל־עוֹד נִשְׁמָתִי בִי, Hoshea 14:3 (si vera l.) כָּל־תִּשָּׂא עָוֹן. On Koheles 5:15 כָּל־עֻמַּת־שֶׁ׳ v. עֻמָּה.
— When the gen. after כל is a noun fem. or pl., the pred. usually agrees with this (as being the really important idea), e.g. Breishis 5:5 ויהיו כל ימי אדם, Bamidbar 14:1 וַתִּשָּׂא כָל־הָעֵדָה, Nachum 3:1 Tehillim 150:6 כֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל; exceptions being very rare, Yeshaya 64:10 b Mishlei 16:2 (Ges§ 141. 1 R. 2).
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all (mostly neuter, but sometimes m.), the sense in which ‘all’ is to be taken being gathered from the context, Breishis 9:3 נתתי לכם את כֹּל, Breishis 16:12 וְיַד כֹּל בּוֹ, Breishis 20:16 ואת כֹּל ונוכחת, Breishis 33:11 וכי ישׁ לי כֹל, Bamidbar 8:16 בכור כֹּל מבני ישׂראל, Bamidbar 11:6 אֵין כֹּל nought of all things! = there is nothing (so †Shmuel Beis 12:3; Mishlei 13:7, cf. Melachim Beis 4:2), Bamidbar 13:2 כֹּל נשׂיא בהם (cf. Shmuel Beis 23:39; Divrei HaYamim Alef 3:9: usually so הַכֹּל), Devarim 28:47 מֵרֹב כֹּל, v Devarim 28:48, Devarim 28:37 בְּחֹסֶר כֹּל (cf. Yirmiya 44:18), Yeshaya 30:5 כֹּל הֹבִאישׁ all exhibit shame, Yeshaya 44:24 י׳ עֹשֶׂה־כֹּל, Yirmiya 44:12 וְתַמּוּ כֹל (unusual), Tzefania 1:2 Tehillim 8:7; Tehillim 74:3 (read כֹּל הֵרַע), Tehillim 145:15 עיני כֹל, Mishlei 16:4; Mishlei 26:10; Mishlei 28:5; Iyov 13:1 הן כֹּל ראתה עיני, Iyov 42:2; Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:11 b Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:22 (m.), Daniel 11:37 (v. also 1 c end); מִכֹּל Breishis 6:19, Breishis 6:20 b שְׁנַיִם מִכֹּל, Breishis 14:20; Breishis 27:33; Yirmiya 17:9 עקוב הלב מִכֹּל, Daniel 11:2 (m.) After a neg. = anything, Devarim 4:25 תְּמוּנַת כֹּל the likeness of anything, Devarim 8:9; Devarim 28:55; Mishlei 30:30. In the gen. also, very rarely, to express the idea of all as comprehensively as possible: Yechezkel 44:30 כָּל־בִּכּוּרֵי כֹל וְכָל־תְּרוּמַת כֹּל; Tehillim 119:128 (si vera l.) כָּל־פִּקּוּדֵי כֹל all the statutes about everything.
with art. הַכֹּל: (a) where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned, Shemos 29:24 ושׂמת הַכֹּל ביד אהרן, Vayikra 1:9 והקטיר הכהן את הַכֹּל, v Vayikra 1:13; Vayikra 8:27 Devarim 2:36 את הַכֹּל נתן י׳ לפנינו, Yehoshua 11:19 (cf. Shmuel Beis 19:31 Melachim Alef 14:26 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 12:9), Yehoshua 21:43 הַכֹּל בָּא (cf. Yehoshua 23:14), Shmuel Alef 30:19 הַכֹּל השׁיב דוד, Shmuel Beis 17:3 (corrupt: v. 𝔊 Dr), Shmuel Beis 24:23 (Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:23), Melachim Alef 6:18 הַכֹּל ארז (cf. Melachim Alef 7:33; Melachim Beis 25:17 = Yirmiya 52:22), Melachim Beis 24:16 הַכֹּל גבורים, Yeshaya 65:8 לבלתי השׁחית הַכֹּל, Tehillim 14:3; or implied, Breishis 16:12 יָדוֹ בַכֹּל, Breishis 24:1 ברך את אברהם בַּכֹּל, Shmuel Beis 23:5 (poet.) עֲרֻכָה בַכֹּל, is Breishis 29:11 (peculiarly) חָזוּת הַכֹּל the vision of the whole, Yirmiya 13:7, Yirmiya 13:10 לא יצלח לַכֹּל, Yechezkel 7:14 וְהָכִין הַכֹּל (but Co וְהָכִינוּ הָכֵן), Tehillim 49:18 לא במותו יקח הַכֹּל: more freq. later, viz. Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:5 (as regards all), Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:19; Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:19 Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:6; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:28; Divrei HaYamim Beis 31:5; Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:17, Divrei HaYamim Beis 36:18; Ezra 1:11; Ezra 2:42; Ezra 8:34, Ezra 8:35; Ezra 10:17 (וַיְכַלּוּ בַכֹּל: v. BeRy), Koheles 5:8 (בַּכֹּל, appar. = in all respects), Koheles 10:19; Koheles 12:13. (b) in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe (τὸ πᾶν), or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late), Yirmiya 10:16 = Yirmiya 51:19 כי יוצר הַכֹּל הוא, Tehillim 103:19 (cf. Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:12), Tehillim 119:91 הַכֹּל עֲבָדֶיךָ, Tehillim 145:9 טוֹב י׳ לַכֹּל, Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:12, Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:14, Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:16 Daniel 11:2, and especially in Ec., as Koheles 1:2, Koheles 1:14; Koheles 2:11, Koheles 2:17; Koheles 3:19; Koheles 12:8 הַכֹּל הֶבֶל, Koheles 2:16 הכל נשׁכח, Koheles 3:1 לַכֹּל זְמָן, v Koheles 3:11, Koheles 3:19, Koheles 3:20; Koheles 6:6; Koheles 7:15; Koheles 9:1, Koheles 9:2, Koheles 9:2, Koheles 9:3; Koheles 10:3, Koheles 10:19; Koheles 11:5. כַּכֹּל, †Iyov 24:24 (si vera l.) כַּכֹּל יִקָּֽפְצוּן like all men (i.e. like men in general).
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כָּלִיל
adj. and subst. entire, whole, holocaust, cstr. כְּלִיל, fem. constr. כְּלִילַת:—
adj. Yechezkel 16:14 (of Jerus.) the report בְּיָפְיֵךְ כִּי כָּלִיל הוּא, Yechezkel 28:12 כְּלִיל יֹֽפִי׃ (of the king of Tyre) entire, perfect in beauty; Yechezkel 27:3 אֲנִי כְּלִילַת יֹֽפִי׃ (of Tyre), Eicha 2:15 (of Jerus.) הֲזֹאת הָעִיר שֶׁיֹּאמְרוּ כְּלִילַת יֹפִי.
subst.
entirety, whole, Shemos 28:31 thou shalt make the robe of the ephod כְּלִיל תְּכֵלֶת a whole of purple (i.e. wholly purple); so Shemos 39:22; Bamidbar 4:6 בֶּגֶד כְּלִיל תְּכֵלֶת; Shoftim 20:40 והנה עלה כְּלִיל־הָעִיר השׁמימה the whole of the city (perhaps with allusion to meaning b); as adv. acc., Yeshaya 2:18 וְהָאֱלִילִים כָּלִיל יַחֲלֹף will pass away in entirety, wholly.
as a sacrif. term, entire- or whole-offering, holocaust, of a sacrifice consumed wholly on the altar (cf. Ph. כלל CISI, i, 165, 167; RSRel. Sem. 237), usually a descriptive syn. of עוֹלָה: Devarim 33:10 יָשִׂימוּ קְטוֹרָה בְּאַפֶּ֔ךָ וְכָלִיל עַל מִזְבְּחֶֽךָ׃, Tehillim 51:21 אז תחפץ זבחי צדק עוֹלָה וְכָלִיל, in app. Shmuel Alef 7:9 ויעלה עוֹלָה כָּלִיל ליהוה; of the priests’ מִנְחָה, Vayikra 6:15 ליהוה כָּלִיל תָּקְטָֽר, v Vayikra 6:16 וְכָל־מִנְחַת כֹּהֵן כָּלִיל תִּהְיֶה לֹא תֵאָכֵל; fig. Devarim 13:17 (of idol. city) ושׂרפת באשׁ את־העיר ואת־כל שׁללהּ כָּלִיל לי׳ אלהיך and thou shalt burn the city and all its spoil as a whole-offering to י׳.
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כַּלָּה²
n.f. daughter-in-law, bride;—abs. כ׳ Yirmiya 2:32 + 14 times sf. כַּלָּתוֹ Breishis 11:31 + 5 times; כַּלָּתָהּ Rus 1:22 + 2 times, etc.; pl. sf. כַּלֹּתֶיהָ Rus 1:6-8, כַּלּוֹתֶיהָ Rus 1:7, כַלּוֹתֵיכֶם Hoshea 4:13, Hoshea 4:14;—
bride, usually
also just after marriage = young wife Hoshea 4:13, Hoshea 4:14; read הַכַּלָּה likewise Shmuel Beis 17:3 (for MT הַכֹּל), 𝔊 We Dr Klo Kit Bu.
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כְּלִמָּה
n.f. insult, reproach, ignominy;—abs. כ׳ Yeshaya 45:16 + 9 times cstr. כְּלִמַּת Yirmiya 20:11 + 3 times; sf. כְּלִמָּתִי Iyov 20:3 + 3 times, etc.; pl. כְּלִמּוֹת Micha 2:6; Yeshaya 50:6;—
specif., insult, reproach, לֹא יִסַּג כ׳ Micha 2:6 reproaches do not cease; מוּסַר כְּלִמָּתִי Iyov 20:3 = my beshaming (insulting) correction, i.e. the correction which insults me.
in gen., reproach, ignominy, opp. כָּבוֹד Tehillim 4:3; הלך בַּכּ׳ Yeshaya 45:16 go into ignominy (+ בּוֹשׁ, נִכְלַם); often ‖ בֹּשֶׁת Yeshaya 30:3; Yeshaya 61:7 Tehillim 44:16, subj. of כִּסָּה Yirmiya 3:25 our ignominy covereth us, so under fig. of garment, after לָבַשׁ Tehillim 35:26 (+ בושׁ, חפר in v a), Tehillim 109:29; ‖ חֶרְפָּה Tehillim 69:8 (subj. of כִּסְּתָה פָּנָ֑י), Yirmiya 51:51 (id.; בושׁ in ‖ cl.), Tehillim 71:13 (+ בושׁ in ‖ cl.); ‖ בֹּשֶׁת + חֶרְפָּה Tehillim 69:20; ‖ אִוֶּלֶת Mishlei 18:13; ‖ רֹק Yeshaya 50:6; כ׳ עוֹלָם Yirmiya 20:11 (בושׁ in ‖ cl.); כְּלִמָּתֵךְ Yechezkel 16:63 (id. ‖); often in Ezek. נשׂא כ׳ bear ignominy, Yechezkel 16:52(×2), (‖ בושׁ), v Yechezkel 16:54 (נִכְלַם in ‖ cl.); Yechezkel 32:24, Yechezkel 32:25, Yechezkel 32:30 (all + אֶת־יוֹרְדֵי בוֹר with those who go down to the pit; ref. to ignominious death), Yechezkel 36:7; Yechezkel 39:26 (si vera l. = bear the humiliating sense of undeserved kindness from י׳; but txt. dub., Hi Co, q.v., [כ׳] נשׁו; Sm Da defend); נשׂא כְּלִמַּת הַגּוֹיִם, i.e. caused by the nations, Yechezkel 34:29; Yechezkel 36:6, also v Yechezkel 36:15 (‖ חֶרְפַּת עַמִּים), prob. also Tehillim 89:51 (read כְּלִמַּת, cf. VB Che Bae); וְנ׳ כְּלִמָּתָם וְתוֹעֲבוֹתָם אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ Yechezkel 44:13.
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כִּלְמַד
n.pr.loc. (si vera l.) Yechezkel 27:23, named after אַשּׁוּר, 𝔊 Χαρμαν; = mod. Kalwâdha near Bagdad, according to G. SmithTSBA i, 61 DlPa 206, cf. SchrCOT; but txt. dub. v. Co; 𝔗 ומדי, whence MezStadt Ḥarrân 34 כָּל־מָדַי all Media; JKi Hi Co כְּלִמּוּד (רְכֻלָּתֵךְ) Asshur was as thine apprentice (v. sub למד in trading; but sense not very prob.
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כַּלְנֶה
Amos 6:2, prob. = כַּלְנוֹ Yeshaya 10:9 n.pr.loc. city (conquered by Assyria under Sargon?) poss. = כַּנֶּה (q.v.) Yechezkel 27:23, 𝔊 om. in Amos 6:2, Ξαλαννη Yeshaya 10:9; perhaps = Kullani (WklGesch. Bab. 225) i.e. (TomkinsPSBA Jan. 1883, 61) Kullanhou, near Aleppo, conquered by Tiglath-Pileser III in 738 (COT ii, 195); or (Di) Kunulua (KG217 KB i, 107), SE. of Antioch (cf. Dr Amos 6:2).
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כָּמַהּ
vb. faint (Arabic كَمِهَ is be pale of face, gray (of daylight), weak-eyed, أَكْمَهُ blind from birth; Syriac ܟܡܰܗ be blind), only fig.—
Pf. 3 ms. כ׳ לְךָ בְשָׂרִי Tehillim 63:2 faint (with longing) for thee (‖ צָֽמְאָה לְךָ נַפְשִׁי).
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כִּמְהָם
n.pr.m.
attendant of David Shmuel Beis 19:38, Shmuel Beis 19:39 = כִּמְהָן v Shmuel Beis 19:41; 𝔊 in all Χιμααμ, 𝔊L Αχιμααμ.
in n.loc. גֵּרוּת כִמְהָם Yirmiya 41:17 Qr (Kt כמוהם), cf. גֵּרוּת p. 158 supr.
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כִּמְהָן
Shmuel Beis 19:41, v. foregoing.
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כְּמוֹשׁ
n.pr.div. Chemosh (כמש MI3, 5, 9, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 32, 33 also עשתר כמש l 17 and n.pr.m. כמשמלך l 1; Assyrian Kammusunadbi, a king of Moab Schr.COT i, 281; = KAT2, 288; cf. further BaeRel. 13 f. 238, 256ZMG 1888, 471; 𝔊 Χαμώς);—god of the Moabites to whom Solomon erected a high place Melachim Alef 11:7, Melachim Alef 11:33; Melachim Beis 23:13; Yirmiya 48:7 (Kt כמישׁ), v Yirmiya 48:13. Moab is עַם־כ׳ Bamidbar 21:29 (ode) people of Chemosh, and Moabites his sons and daughters, cf. Yirmiya 48:46. He is said to be also the God of the Ammonites Shoftim 11:25 (probably an error BaeRel. 15 GFM).
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כמן
(√ of foll. (si vera l.); perhaps be hidden; cf. Aramaic כְּמַן, ܟܡܶܢ, lie in ambush; Arabic كَمَنَ id. is denom. from loan-word كمين according to Frä 243).
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כַּמֹּן
n.m. cumin, plant grown as condiment (𝔊 κύμινον, cuminum cyminum; PlinNH xix. 8; Germ. ‘römischer Kümmel;’ LöwNo. 152; √ dub.; NH id. Aramaic כַּמּוֹנָא, ܟܰܡܘܽܢܳܐ; Arabic كَمُّونٌ, Ethiopic ከሚን on format. cf. LagBN 89; loan-word according to Di832);—Yeshaya 28:25, Yeshaya 28:27, Yeshaya 28:27.
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כָּמַס
vb. store up (si vera l.), in
Pt. pass. כָּמֻס Devarim 32:34 is not this stored up (laid up in store) with me (‖ חָתוּם בְּאוֹצְרֹתָ֑י); but read prob. כָּנֻם in same meaning (v. כנס, and Dr Devarim 32:34).
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כֵּן²
adv. so, thus (Ph. NH 𝔗 id.; Syriac ܟܶܢ is then, Arabic لٰكِنْ, لٰكِنَّ, but: prob. from the demonstr. √ ka, found in כִּי etc., Köii 1, 254); (הִיא) כֶּן־הוּא Breishis 44:10 + 4 times: so thus (i.e. usually, as has been described or commanded, with ref. to what has preceded), mostly of manner, but sometimes also of quantity, quality, or degree:
Shoftim 5:31 כן יאבדו so perish thy enemies, Iyov 5:27 כֶּן־הִיא, Iyov 8:13 כן ארחות כל שׁכחי אל, Mishlei 6:29; Mishlei 8:13; Shmuel Beis 16:23 Yeshaya 36:6; Yeshaya 47:15 כן היו לך, Bamidbar 13:33 וכן היינו בעיניהם; Bamidbar 9:16 כן יהיה תמיד; Shemos 10:14, Shemos 10:14 לא היה כן ארבה כמהו וג׳ (i.e. in such numbers), Melachim Alef 10:12 לא בא כן עצי אלמגים, v Melachim Alef 10:20 Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:12, Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:12, Shoftim 21:14 ולא מצאו להם כן and they did not suffice for them so (viz. in such numbers of them as there were); Melachim Alef 6:26 וכן הכרוב השׁני, Yechezkel 41:7 (?); וכן ל׳ Shemos 27:11 Melachim Alef 10:29 Yechezkel 40:16 Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:12, cf. Divrei HaYamim Alef 23:30; כן ל׳ Shemos 25:33 (cf. Shemos 26:24), Yehoshua 21:40.
the force of כֵּן has sometimes to be elicited from the context: Melachim Alef 2:7 כי כן קרבו אלי (sc. with kindness such as that enjoined in v a), Melachim Alef 20:40 כן משׁפטך, Yirmiya 14:10 כן אהבו לנוע (i.e. not less than י׳ has withdrawn from them v Yirmiya 14:9, Gf Ke; Gie proposes אָכֵן), Tehillim 61:9 כֵּן אֲוַמְּרָה שִׁמְךָ (Hi כְּצִדְקְךָ, implied in v Tehillim 61:6-8), Tehillim 63:3 כֵּן בַּקֹּדֶשׁ חֲזִיתִךָ (sc. with the longings of v Tehillim 63:2), v Tehillim 63:5 כֵּן אֲבָרֶכְךָ בְחַיָּי (sc. כִּי־טוֹב חַסְדְּךָ v Tehillim 63:4), Tehillim 65:10 כִּי כֵן תְּכִינֶהָ (i.e. so generously, v Tehillim 65:10), Tehillim 90:12 לִמְנוֹת יָמֵינוּ כֵּן הוֹדַע (Hi כְּיִרְאַת י׳ v Tehillim 90:11), Tehillim 127:2 כֵּן יִּתֵּן לִידִידוֹ שֵׁנָא (sc. as abundantly; but Che אָכֵן), Mishlei 24:14 (see v Mishlei 24:13), Yeshaya 52:14 כֵּן מִשְׁחַת מֵאִישׁ מַרְאֵהוּ (sufficiently to justify שׁממו עליך רבים).
כן occurs freq. in partic. phrases, as (a) with הָיָה, especially ויהי כן and it was so Breishis 1:7, Breishis 1:9, Breishis 1:11 +, Melachim Beis 2:10 if thou seest me taken from thee יהי־לך כן let it be to thee so (sc. as thou desirest), Melachim Beis 7:20, with עשׂה (especially וַיַּעַשׂ, וַיַּעֲשׂוּ) Breishis 29:28; Breishis 42:20; Breishis 45:21 + often, Shoftim 7:16 מִמֶּנִּי תִרְאוּ וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּ, + ל׳ Breishis 42:25 ויעשׂ להם כן, Shemos 22:29; Shemos 23:11 כן תעשׂה ל׳, Devarim 22:3 Shmuel Beis 12:31 Melachim Alef 11:8 (cf. Melachim Alef 6:33; Melachim Alef 7:18); Breishis 29:26 לא יֵעָשֶׂה כן במקומנו, Breishis 34:7 Shmuel Beis 13:12; rarer usages, דִּבֶּר כֵּן Shemos 6:9, אמר כן Melachim Alef 22:8 כֵּן אמרתם Yechezkel 11:5; Yechezkel 33:10, אָמֵן כֵּן יֹאמַר י׳ Melachim Alef 1:36 (cf. Yirmiya 28:6), וגם שׁאול אבי יֹדֵעַ כֵּן Shmuel Alef 23:17; אָהֵב כֵּן (idiom.) to love (it) so, †Yirmiya 5:31 Amos 4:5; (b) Breishis 50:3 כי כן ימלאו ימי החנֻטים (cf. Shoftim 14:10 Shmuel Beis 13:18 Esther 2:12); (c) alone, אִם כֵּן if it be soBreishis 25:22; Breishis 43:11; †וַיִּרְאוּ כִּי־כֵן Shmuel Alef 5:7, יָדַעְתִּי כִּי־כֵן Iyov 9:2; (d) לא כן not so (viz. as has been described or implied), with a subst. Bamidbar 12:7 לא כן עבדי משׁה, Shmuel Beis 20:21; Shmuel Beis 23:5 Tehillim 1:4 Iyov 9:35 b כי־לא־כן אנכי עמדי not so am I with myself (i. e. I am not conscious of being one who would fear him, v a), with a vb. Devarim 18:14 ואתה לא כן נתן לך י׳ (not so,—viz. as implied in v a), Shmuel Beis 18:14 Yeshaya 10:7 לא כן יְדַמֶּה, לא כן יחשׁב, absol. Breishis 48:18 לא כן אבי, Shemos 10:11.
Often, to emphasize the agreement, in answer to כְּ, and כַּאֲשֶׁר: viz.
כְּכֵּן, (a) Breishis 44:10 = Yehoshua 2:21 כדבריכם כֶּן־הוּא, according to your words, so be it, Shmuel Alef 25:25 כי כשׁמו כֶּן־הוּא, Tehillim 48:11 Mishlei 23:7 כֶּן־הוּא (after conj. כְּמוֹ), Yechezkel 42:11 כְּאָרְכָּן כֵּן רָחְבָּן; (b) Vayikra 27:12 כְּעֶרְכְּךָ כֵּן יִהְיֶה, Shmuel Beis 13:35 Bamidbar 8:4; Bamidbar 9:14; Bamidbar 15:20 Devarim 8:20 Shoftim 11:10, so after כְּפִי Bamidbar 6:21; (c) כְּכֹלכֵּןShmuel Alef 8:8 Shmuel Beis 7:17 Yirmiya 42:5; (d) in similes, (α) Shmuel Beis 14:17 כמלאך הא׳ כן אדני המלך, Yirmiya 18:6 Tehillim 123:2; Tehillim 127:4 Mishlei 10:26; Mishlei 26:8, Mishlei 26:19; Mishlei 27:8, Mishlei 27:19 Shir HaShirim 2:2, Shir HaShirim 2:3; (β) Yoel 2:4 כְּפָרָשִׁים כֵּן יְרוּצוּן, Yeshaya 31:5 Yeshaya 38:14 Tehillim 103:15 Mishlei 26:1, Mishlei 26:2; (γ) Tehillim 42:2 כאיל תערגכן נפשׁי וג׳ like the hind which etc., Tehillim 83:16 Yeshaya 61:11; Yeshaya 63:14 Iyov 7:3, so after כמו Yeshaya 26:17; (δ) Yirmiya 2:26 כְּבשֶׁת גַּנָּבכֵּן הוֹבִישׁוּ Yirmiya 6:7; Yirmiya 34:5 (read כְּמשׂרפות), Yechezkel 22:22 (cf. v Yechezkel 22:20), Yechezkel 23:44; Yechezkel 34:12; cf. (of degree) Yechezkel 35:15 (om. 𝔊 Co), Hoshea 4:7 כְּרֻכָּם כֵּן חָֽטְאוּ לִי. Of time (rare) Hoshea 6:3 (?), Shmuel Alef 9:13 כְּבֹאֲכֶם הָעִיר כֵּן תִּמְצְאוּן אֹתוֹ.
Ezra 10:12 כן כדבריך עלינו לעשׂות.
כַּאֲשֶׁרכֵּן …, (a) Shemos 7:6 כאשׁר צוה י׳ כן עשׂו, Shemos 12:28, Shemos 12:50; Shemos 39:43 (cf. Shemos 27:8), Bamidbar 8:22 (cf. Bamidbar 5:4), Bamidbar 17:26; Bamidbar 36:10 Yehoshua 14:5 (all P); Breishis 41:13 כאשׁר פתר כן היה, Yehoshua 10:1, Yehoshua 10:39; Yehoshua 11:15 Shoftim 1:7; Shoftim 15:11 b Tehillim 48:9; (b) (freq.) Bamidbar 2:17 כאשׁר יַחֲנוּ כֵּן יִסָּ֑עוּ, Shemos 1:12 (of degree = the morethe more) כַּאֲשֶׁר יְעַנּוּ אֹתוֹ כֵּן יִרְבֶּה וְכֵן יִפְרֹץ; (c) Breishis 6:22 ככל אשׁר צוה אתו אלהים כן עשׂה, Shemos 39:32, Shemos 39:42; Shemos 40:16 Bamidbar 1:54; Bamidbar 2:34; Bamidbar 8:20; Bamidbar 9:5 (all P), cf. Shemos 25:9 (וְכֵן), simil. Shmuel Beis 9:11 Melachim Beis 16:11, cf. Yehoshua 1:17 Yirmiya 42:20; (d) Shemos 27:8 כאשׁר הֶרְאָה אתך כן יעשׂו, Shmuel Beis 16:19 Melachim Alef 2:38 Yeshaya 20:4; Yeshaya 52:14; with the same vb. repeated Vayikra 24:19, Vayikra 24:20 Devarim 28:63 כאשׁר שׂשׂכן ישׂישׂ, Yehoshua 23:15; Shmuel Alef 15:33; Shmuel Alef 26:24 Melachim Alef 1:37 Yeshaya 10:11 Yirmiya 5:19; Yirmiya 31:28; Yirmiya 32:42; Yirmiya 42:18 Yechezkel 12:11; Yechezkel 20:36 Zecharia 7:13 Mishlei 24:29; Bamidbar 14:28 אם לא כאשׁר דברתם כן אעשׂה, Yeshaya 14:24, so after הלא Yeshaya 10:11, after asseverative כי Shmuel Beis 3:9 Melachim Alef 1:30; so כָּל־עֻמַּת שֶׁ׳כֵּןKoheles 5:15; (e) Shoftim 7:17 b כאשׁר אעשׂה כן תעשׂון, Vayikra 27:14 Bamidbar 15:14, cf. Yirmiya 39:12; (f) in similes, Devarim 12:22; Devarim 22:26 Amos 3:12 Yeshaya 65:8 Yirmiya 13:11.
כן כאשׁר …, (a) Shemos 7:10 ויעשׂו כן כאשׁר צוה י׳, v Shemos 7:20 Yehoshua 4:8 Shmuel Beis 5:25 Yechezkel 12:7, cf. Breishis 50:12 Bamidbar 8:3; iron. Amos 5:14 יהי כן י׳ אתּכם כאשׁר אמרתם, Shemos 10:10; (b) Breishis 18:5 כן תעשׂה כאשׁר דברת, Nechemia 5;Nechemia 12.—Occasionally in poetry כאשׁר is not expressed: Yeshaya 54:9 (De), Yeshaya 55:9 Yirmiya 3;Yirmiya 20 Iyov 7:9 Hoshea 11:2 קראו להם כן הלכו מפניהם (of degree: so = in the same proportion), Tehillim 48:6 המה ראו כן תמהו (i.e. in the same measure that they saw); Yirmiya 33:22 (according to many, but dub.; read prob. כאשׁר Gie) it is represented by אשׁר (so Yeshaya 54:9 Hi Ew Di): Shoftim 5:15 Yechezkel 22:20 כ is not expressed. Nachum 1:12 is prob. corrupt; Zecharia 11:11 for כן עניי read כְּנַעֲנֵי.—כֹּה, כָּכָה, כָּזֹאת are syn., but differ considerably in usage.
With prepositions:—
אַחַר־כֵּן, אַחֲרֵי־כֵן, מֵאַחֲרֵי־כֵן, lit. after so, i. e. afterwards: v. אַחַר.
בְּכֵן (late), lit. in such circumstances, i.e. thereupon, then, Koheles 8;Koheles 10 Esther 4:16 (𝔗 בְּכֵין often for אָז; e.g. Shemos 15:1; SyriacJerus. ܒܟܢ = τότε).
כְּמוֹ־כֵן Yeshaya 51:6, according to some, like so, i.e. (Vrss Rabb) in like manner, or (De) like this (accompanied by a contemptuous gesture) = like a mere nothing: but v. iv. כֵּן.
לָכֵן200 according to such conditions, that being so, therefore Bamidbar 16:11 Shmuel Alef 27:6 Tehillim 16:9; Tehillim 73:6, Tehillim 73:10; especially in proph., where it often introduces, after statement of the grounds, a divine declaration or command: Shoftim 10:13 Melachim Beis 1:6 Amos 4:12 Yeshaya 5:13, Yeshaya 5:14, Yeshaya 5:24; Yeshaya 7:14; Yeshaya 10:16; Yeshaya 16:7; Yeshaya 27:9 Yirmiya 6:15; Yirmiya 8:10 etc.; לכן כה אמר י׳ Melachim Beis 21:12 Yeshaya 10:24; Yeshaya 28:16; Yeshaya 29:22; Yeshaya 30:12; Yeshaya 37:33 Yirmiya 5:14; Yirmiya 6:21 + often; sq. נאם האדון Yeshaya 1:24; נאם י׳ Shmuel Alef 2:30 Yirmiya 2:9; לכן הנה ימים באים נאם י׳ Yirmiya 7:32; Yirmiya 16:14; Yirmiya 19:6 +; לכן חי אני נאם י׳ Yechezkel 5:11; Yechezkel 35:6, Yechezkel 35:11 Tzefania 2:9; לכן הנניMelachim Alef 14:10 Hoshea 2:8, Hoshea 2:16 Yeshaya 29:14 Yirmiya 16:21 Yechezkel 16:37; Yechezkel 22:19 b; Yechezkel 25:4, Yechezkel 25:7, Yechezkel 25:9 +; לכן אֱמֹרShemos 6:6 Bamidbar 25:12 (both P), Yechezkel 11:16, Yechezkel 11:17; Yechezkel 14:6; Yechezkel 20:30; Yechezkel 33:25; Yechezkel 36:22; לָכֵן דַּבֵּרYechezkel 14:4; Yechezkel 20:27; לָכֵן הִנָּבֵאYechezkel 11:4; Yechezkel 36:3, Yechezkel 36:6; Yechezkel 37:12; Yechezkel 38:14; לָכֵן שִׁמְעוּYeshaya 28:14; Yeshaya 51:21 Yirmiya 6:18; Yirmiya 44:26 +. In answer to יען, Bamidbar 20:12 (P), Melachim Alef 14:10 Melachim Beis 1:16; Melachim Beis 21:12; Melachim Beis 22:20 Yeshaya 29:14; Yeshaya 30:13 Yirmiya 19:6 +, Yechezkel 5:8 Yechezkel 13:23 +; so, once, וְלָכֵן Yeshaya 8:7; to כי Yeshaya 28:16 Yirmiya 35:17; על Yirmiya 9:14; אם Yirmiya 23:38; Yirmiya 42:15. Special usages:—(a) idiom., in conversation, in reply to an objection, to state the ground upon which the answer is made; Breishis 4:15 therefore—this being so—whoso killeth Cain, etc., Breishis 30:15 Shoftim 8:7; Shoftim 11:8 Shmuel Alef 28:2 Melachim Alef 22:19 Iyov 20:2 (𝔊 in Gn K Jb, not perceiving the idiom, renders οὐχ οὕτως (as though לא־כן): so also strangely, elsewhere, as Shmuel Alef 3:14 Melachim Beis 1:4, Melachim Beis 1:6; Melachim Beis 21:12). (b) inferring the cause from the effect, or developing what is logically involved in a statement, Yeshaya 26:14 b (cf. De) therefore thou hast visited and destroyed them (not a consequence of v a ‘the dead rise not,’ but the development of what is implicit in it), Yeshaya 61:7 Yirmiya 2:33; Yirmiya 5:2 (because viz. אין אמונה v Yirmiya 5:1), Iyov 34:25; Iyov 42:3.—Zecharia 11:7 read לִכְנַעֲנֵי הַצֹּאן.
עַד־כֵּן hitherto (of time), as yet Nechemia 2:16.
עַל־כֵּן145 upon ground of such conditions, therefore (introducing, more generally than לָכֵן, the statement of a fact, rather than a declaration: never used in the phrases noted under לָכֵן), Breishis 20:6; Breishis 42:21 Shemos 5:8, Shemos 5:17; Shemos 16:29; Shemos 20:11 Shmuel Alef 20:29; Shmuel Alef 28:18 Shmuel Beis 7:22, Shmuel Beis 7:27 Melachim Alef 20:23 Yeshaya 5:25; Yeshaya 9:16; Yeshaya 13:7, Yeshaya 13:13; Yeshaya 15:4, Yeshaya 15:7; Yeshaya 16:9, Yeshaya 16:11; Yeshaya 17:10; Yeshaya 21:3 Yirmiya 5:6, Yirmiya 5:27; Yirmiya 10:21; Yirmiya 12:8; Yirmiya 20:11; Yirmiya 31:3, Yirmiya 31:20 Yechezkel 7:20; Yechezkel 22:4; Yechezkel 31:5 etc., Tehillim 1:5; Tehillim 42:7; Tehillim 45:3 c (the poet’s inference from v a. b), v Tehillim 45:8 Tehillim 110:7 Iyov 6:3; Iyov 9:22; Iyov 17:4; Iyov 20:21 etc., Shir HaShirim 1:3; and regularly where the origin of a name, or custom, or proverb is assigned, Breishis 2:24 על־כן יעזב אישׁ וג׳, Breishis 10:9 על־כן יֵאָמַ֔ר, Breishis 11:9 על־כן קרא שׁמה בבל, Breishis 16:14; Breishis 19:22; Breishis 21:31; Breishis 25:30; Breishis 26:33; Breishis 29:34, Breishis 29:35; Breishis 30:6; Breishis 32:33; Breishis 47:22 Shemos 13:15; Shemos 15:23 Bamidbar 18:24; Bamidbar 21:14, Bamidbar 21:27 Devarim 10:9 (cf. Devarim 15:11, Devarim 15:15; Devarim 19:7; Devarim 24:18, Devarim 24:22), Yehoshua 7:26; Yehoshua 14:14 Shoftim 15:19; Shoftim 18:12 Shmuel Alef 5:5; Shmuel Alef 10:12; Shmuel Alef 23:28 (? read so Shmuel Alef 27:6) Shmuel Beis 5:8, Shmuel Beis 5:20 etc.; הַעַל־כֵּןChavakuk 1:17.—Esther 9:26 the 2nd על כן (unless dittogr.) points unusually onwards to על כל דברי האגרת on this account, on account, viz., etc.
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כֵּן³
v. כון;
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כֵּן⁴
v. I. כנן;
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כֵּן⁵
v. II. כנן
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כָּנְיָהוּ
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כִּנָּם
v. iv. כֵּן sub II. כנן.
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כֵּן⁶
n.m. base, pedestal, office (NH כַּנָּה; Aramaic כַּנְתָּא, ܟܰܢܳܐ )—abs. כ׳ Yeshaya 33:23 Melachim Alef 7:31 (but v. infr.); sf. כַּנּוֹ Shemos 30:18 + 11 times; כַּנֶּ֑ךָ Breishis 40:13; כַּנִּי Breishis 41:13;—
lit. base, pedestal, Melachim Alef 7:31 (like) the work of a pedestal (Th VB), according to StaZAW iii, 1883, 161, 162 מַעֲשֵׂה־כֵן is in wrong place, being orig. part of a gloss to v Melachim Alef 7:35;—כ׳ in v Melachim Alef 7:29 = thus, or is textual error;—כֵּן־תָּרְנָם Yeshaya 33:23 the base (support or socket) of their mast (so Thes and most); especially of base of laver of tabernacle Shemos 30:18, Shemos 30:28; Shemos 31:9; Shemos 35:16; Shemos 38:8; Shemos 39:39; Shemos 40:11 Vayikra 8:11 (all P).
office, place Breishis 40:13; Breishis 41:13 (both E); hence (late) עַל־כַּנּוֹ in his place Daniel 11:20, Daniel 11:21, Daniel 11:38 (i.e. in his stead, as his successor, cf. Germ. an seiner Stelle); עַל om. v Daniel 11:7.
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כְּנַנְיָ֫הוּ
n.pr.m. (י׳ is firm);—
a Levite Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:22 𝔊 Κωνενια, A Χωνενια, 𝔊L Ιεχονιας; = כְּנַנְיָה v Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:27, 𝔊 Ιεχονιας, A Χενενιας, 𝔊L Χονενιας.
an Izharite Divrei HaYamim Alef 26:29, 𝔊 Χωνεν(ε)ια(ς).
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כְּנָנִי
n.pr.m. a Levite Nechemia 9:4, אc. a A Χανανι, 𝔊L Χωνενιας (B om.)
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כְּנַנְיָ֫הוּ²
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כֵּן⁷
(?), כִּנִּם, כִּנָּם n.[m.], meaning dub.; either gnat, gnats, gnat-swarm (so 𝔊 𝔙 PhiloVita Mos. i, p. 97, OrigenHom 4, 6 in Ex., and most moderns), or [louse,] lice (so 𝔖 𝔗 JosAnt. ii, 14, 13 BochHieroz. II, ii, 572 f., as NH כִּנָּה, pl. כִּנִּים = maggots, and especially lice)—abs. perh. כֵּן Yeshaya 51:6 (v. infr.); pl. כִּנִּים Shemos 8:13, Shemos 8:14 Tehillim 105:31, כִּנִּם Shemos 8:12; Shemos 8:13, Shemos 8:14 has, also, כִּנָּם prob. a mere Mas. device for כִּנִּם (cf. Di), on account of preceding וַתְּהִי (on which see Ges§ 145. 4 DaSynt. § 116); Sam. has כנים throughout:—of Egyptian plague Shemos 8:12, Shemos 8:13(×2), Shemos 8:14(×2) (all P), hence Tehillim 105:31; כְּמוֹ־כֵן יְמוּתוּן Yeshaya 51:6 like a gnat-swarm (?) shall they die (cf. Di Du; Weir Che read כנים, cf. Buhlp. 355; > Brd De like this). Note.—NöM 54 BaNB § 15, ES 53 BuhlGes HWB ed. 12 connect this word etymol. with Aramaic כלמתא vermin, Ba and Buhl also with Assyrian kalmatu, id. [DlHWB 333], and even with Aramaic קלמתא, ܩܰܠܡܬܳܐ, Arabic قَمْلٌ, etc., Ethiopic ቍማl louse; but these connexions, as well as that with NH כְּנִימָה, all involving radical מ, are most improb.
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כָּנַס
vb. gather, collect (NH id. brought in; Aramaic כְּנַס (v. כנשׁ); Ethiopic ከነሰ in der. conj. assemble for worship, etc.; Arabic كَنَسَ is sweep, sweep away, destroy)
(late) Pf. 1 s. כָּנַסְתִּי Koheles 2:8; Imv. כְּנוֹס Esther 4:16; Inf. cstr. Divrei HaYamim Alef 22:2 + 3 times; Pt. כֹּנֵס Tehillim 33:7;—gather people Divrei HaYamim Alef 22:2 Esther 4:16; כ׳ כַּנֵּד מֵי הַיָּ֑ם נֹתֵן בְּאוֹצָרוֹת תְּהוֹמוֹת Tehillim 33:7 (read perhaps, for כַּנֵּד, כַּנֹּאד as in a wine skin, v. נאד, נד); gather, collect portions of harvest for priests and Levites Nechemia 12:44; stones Koheles 3:5 (opp. השׁליך); silver and gold = amass wealth Koheles 2:8; abs. v Koheles 2:26 (‖ אסף).
Pf. 1 s. וְכִנַּסְתִּ֫י אֶתְכֶם Yechezkel 22:21 and I will gather you together (for punishment; Co tr. to v Yechezkel 22:20 and reads for וְהִנַּחְתִּ֫י; ‖ קבץ v Yechezkel 22:19, Yechezkel 22:20); of restoration וְכִנַּסְתִּים אֶל־אַדְמָתָם Yechezkel 39:28, and יְכַנֵּס Tehillim 147:2.
Inf. cstr. וְהַמַּסֵּכָה צָרָה כְּהִתְכַּנֵּס Yeshaya 28:20 and the covering is (too) narrow when one gathers oneself together (‖ קָצַר הַמַּצָּע מֵהִשְׂתַּרֵעַ), i.e. the bed is too short to stretch one-self at full length, and when one (perforce) draws up the feet, the covering becomes too narrow.
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כְּנַ֫עַן
n.pr.m. et terr. Canaan (𝔊 Χανααν, Ph. כנען = Phoenicia; Χνα = כנע, Hecataeus, v. MüllerFr. Hist. Gr. i, 17 al.; Egyptian Ka-n-ʿ-nḁ WMMAsien u. Europa, 205 ff.; Tel Amarna Kina̮hna, Kinaḫḫi, etc., BezoldBM Tablets, 150 WklTA 39; etym. dub. GFMPAOS Oct. 1890, lxvii ff.; v. also GASmGeogr. 4 f. BuhlGeogr. § 42);—
as n.pr.m., son of Ham Breishis 9:18, Breishis 9:22, Breishis 9:25, Breishis 9:27; Breishis 10:15 (as ancestor of Canaanites and Phoenicians; all J); Breishis 10:6 (P); Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:8, Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:13 (from Breishis 10:6, Breishis 10:15).
land, W. of Jordan, into wh. Hebrews came, and where they settled, subduing the inhabitants; מַלְכֵי כְּנַעַן Shoftim 5:19, מלך כ׳ Shoftim 4:2, Shoftim 4:23, Shoftim 4:24(×2); hence מַמְלְכוֹת כ׳ Tehillim 135:11; ישְׁבֵי כ׳ Shemos 15:15 (song in E); cf. מִלְחֲמוֹת כ׳ Shoftim 3:1; עֲצַבֵּי כ׳ Tehillim 106:38 idols of Canaan, i. e. of the former inhabitants; especially אֶרֶץ(־) כ׳, אַרְצָה כ׳ Breishis 44:8; Breishis 46:31; Breishis 47:1, Breishis 47:4, Breishis 47:13, Breishis 47:14, Breishis 47:15; Breishis 50:5, Breishis 50:13 (all J), Breishis 35:6; Breishis 42:5, Breishis 42:7, Breishis 42:13, Breishis 42:29, Breishis 42:32; Breishis 45:17, Breishis 45:25 Yehoshua 24:3 (all E), Breishis 11:31; Breishis 12:5(×2); Breishis 13:12 (opp. עָרֵי הַכִּכָּר v b), Breishis 16:3; Breishis 17:8 (P) +, Yehoshua 22:9, Yehoshua 22:10, Yehoshua 22:11 (P) Shoftim 21:12 Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:18 = Tehillim 105:11; also הָאָרֶץ כ׳ Bamidbar 34:2 (P); בְּנוֹת כ׳ Breishis 28:1 daughters of Canaan = women of the land, so v Breishis 28:6, Breishis 28:8; Breishis 36:2 (all P); כנען is personif. Hoshea 12:8 = apostate Israel; שְׂפַת כ׳ Yeshaya 19:18 = the Hebrew lang. (without evil implication).
the coast, especially Phoenicia Yeshaya 23:11; cf. כ׳ אֶרֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּים Tzefania 2:5.
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כְּנַ֫עַן²
n.[m.] merchant(s) (because Canaanites, especially Phoenicians, were traders);—כָּל־עַם כְּנַעַן Tzefania 1:11; אֶרֶץ כ׳ Yechezkel 16:29 (om. 𝔊 B al. Co), Yechezkel 17:4 a land of merchants; cf. כנעני ad fin.
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כְּנַעֲנִי
adj. et nom. gent. of 1. כְּנַעַן;—usually ms. (הַ)כְּנַעֲנִי Breishis 38:2 Bamidbar 21:1 +; fs. הַכְּנַעֲנִית Breishis 46:10 = Shemos 6:15 Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:3; mpl.; (הַ)כְּנַעֲנִים Ovadia 1:20 Nechemia 9:24;—
adj. אִישׁ כ׳ Breishis 38:2 (J).
c. art. as subst.,
of individual, הַכּ׳ מֶלֶךְ־עֲרָד Bamidbar 21:1 (J) and hence Bamidbar 33:40 (P or R); f. הַכְּנַעֲנִית Breishis 46:10 = Shemos 6:15 (P) בַּת־שׁוּעַ הַכְּנַעֲנִית Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:3.
usually coll. (c. art.) of pre-Isr. inhabitants of כְּנַעַן (q.v.) Breishis 12:6; Breishis 24:3, Breishis 24:37; Breishis 50:11 (all J), Bamidbar 21:3 (J), Yehoshua 13:3 (D), Shoftim 1:1, Shoftim 1:3, Shoftim 1:9, Shoftim 1:10, Shoftim 1:17, many of whom continued to live in the midst of Isr., v Shoftim 1:27, Shoftim 1:28, Shoftim 1:29(×2), Shoftim 1:30, Shoftim 1:32, Shoftim 1:33 Yehoshua 16:10(×2), Yehoshua 17:12, Yehoshua 17:13, Yehoshua 17:16, Yehoshua 17:18 (all JE), Melachim Alef 9:16; pl. only Ovadia 1:20, and יֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ הַכְּנַעֲנִים Nechemia 9:24; מִשְׁפְּחוֹת הַכּ׳ Breishis 10:18, גְּבוּל הַכּ׳ v Breishis 10:19 (both J), אֶרֶץ הַכּ׳ Shemos 13:11 (JE), Yechezkel 16:3; often of part of the inhabit., הַכּ׳ וְכָל יֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ Yehoshua 7:9 (JE), Devarim 11:30; with other n.pr.gent., + הַפְּרִזִּי Breishis 13:7; Breishis 34:30 (both J), Shoftim 1:4, Shoftim 1:5, + הָאֱמֹרִי Devarim 1:7 Yehoshua 5:1; Yehoshua 13:4 (all D); + הַחִוִּי Shmuel Beis 24:7; + עֲמָלֵקִ(י) Bamidbar 14:25, Bamidbar 14:43, Bamidbar 14:45; especially in the list of peoples dispossessed by Isr., Breishis 15:21 Shemos 3:8, Shemos 3:17; Shemos 13:5; Shemos 23:23, Shemos 23:28; Shemos 33:2; Shemos 34:11 Bamidbar 13:29 (הַכּ׳ dwelling by the sea and along Jordan [cf. Devarim 1:7; Devarim 11:30 Yehoshua 5:1; Yehoshua 11:3; Yehoshua 13:4]; all these JE), Devarim 7:1; Devarim 20:17 Yehoshua 3:10; Yehoshua 9:1; Yehoshua 11:3; Yehoshua 12:8; Yehoshua 24:11 (all JED), Shoftim 3:3, Shoftim 3:5; hence Ezra 9:1 Nechemia 9:8. Cf. Dr Dt. p. 11, 13 f., 97, 133.
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כְּנַעֲנִי²
n.m. trader, merchant (cf. ii. כְּנַעַו); only sg. (but v. infr. pl. כְּנַעֲנִים Iyov 40:30; pl. sf. כִּנְעָנֶיהָ (si vera l.) Yeshaya 23:8 (‖ סֹחֲרֶיהָ).):—וְלֹא יִהְיֶה כ׳ עוֹד בְּבֵית י׳ Zecharia 14:21 (Aq.); וַחֲגוֹר נָֽתְנָה לַכּ׳ Mishlei 31:24 (‖ סָדִין עָֽשְׂתָה וַתִּמְכֹּר). In Zecharia 11:7, Zecharia 11:11 read perhaps (לִ)כְנַעֲנִיֵּי for (לָ)כֵן עֲנִיֵּי, 𝔊 Χαναναῖοι, Χαναανῖτιν, StaZAW, 1881, 26 (who comp. as to sense Hoshea 12:8), cf. Klo We Marti.
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כְּנַעֲנָה
n.pr.m.
father of proph. Zedekiah Melachim Alef 22:11, Melachim Alef 22:24 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:10, Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:23 (𝔊 Χανααν, Χαανα, Χανανα).
a Benjamite Divrei HaYamim Alef 7:10 (𝔊 Χανααν, Χαναναν).
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כָּנָף
n.f. Melachim Alef 6:27 (m. Yechezkel 7:2 Kt, but cf. Qr and Co; also appar. Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:11, Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:13, but v. Be), wing, extremity (NH id.; Aramaic כַּנְפָֿא, ܟܶܢܦܳܐ; Zinj. אחז בכנף מראה, fig. for attached himself to the party of his lord, PanammuInser. l. 11, cf. Zecharia 8:23 (2 a infr.); DHMSendsch. 58; Arabic كَنَفٌ, Assyrian kappu, Ethiopic ክንፍ );—abs. כ׳ Breishis 1:21 +; cstr. כְּנַף Melachim Alef 6:24 +; sf. כְּנָפִי Yechezkel 16:8, כְּנָפֶ֑ךָ Rus 3:9, כְּנָפוֹ Chaggai 2:12; du. כְּנָפַיִם Melachim Alef 8:7 + (even of more than two, Yeshaya 6:2(×2) Yechezkel 1:6, Yechezkel 1:21); cstr. כַּנְפֵי Shemos 19:4; sf. כְּנָפֶיךָ Yechezkel 5:3, כְּנָפַיִךְ Yirmiya 2:34, כְּנָפָיו Yeshaya 8:8 +; כְּנָפֶיהָ Hoshea 4:19 Malachi 3:20; כַּנְפֵיהֶם Melachim Alef 6:27 +; כַּנְפֵיהֶן Yechezkel 1:24, Yechezkel 1:25; pl. cstr. כַּנְפוֹת Devarim 22:12 + 4 times;—
wing,
of birds Yeshaya 10:14 (in fig.), Shemos 19:4 (E? R? fig.) Devarim 32:11 (in sim.), Zecharia 5:9 Vayikra 1:17 (P), Iyov 39:13, Iyov 39:26 Tehillim 68:14; in fig. of invading king Yirmiya 48:40; Yirmiya 49:22 Yechezkel 17:3, Yechezkel 17:7; so appar. Yeshaya 8:8 of invader as overflowing river (but Du Che separate וְהָיָה מֻטּוֹת כְּנָפָיו from preceding); of riches, as flying away Mishlei 23:5; in phr. צִפּוֹר כָּנָף = winged birds Devarim 4:17 Tehillim 148:10, (עֵיט)צִפּוֹר כָּל־כ׳ Yechezkel 39:4, Yechezkel 39:17, כֹּל צִפּוֹר כָּל־כ׳ Breishis 7:14 (P), Yechezkel 17:23, עוֹף כ׳ Breishis 1:21 (P), Tehillim 78:27; also בַּעַל כ׳ Mishlei 1:17 = winged thing, cf. בַּעַל־ה֯כְּנָפַיִם Koheles 10:20.
of insects (prob.), אֶרֶץ צִלְצַל כְּנָפָ֑יִם Yeshaya 18:1 buzzing, or humming of wings, i. e. Ethiopia, so called from its swarms of flies, with especial ref. poss. to the tsetse-fly (so Du, cf. Che; id., in gen., Hi De; > Kn Di of the tropical shadow falling both ways; Thes1167 b of noise of the wings of an army; ref. to sails as wings—cf. v Yeshaya 18:2—would be suitable, but צִלְצַל does not favour this).
of cherubim Melachim Alef 6:24(×4) + 8 times K, cf. Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:11(×4) + 6 times Ch, Yechezkel 1:6 + 17 times Ez, Shemos 25:20(×2) Shemos 39:9(×2) (all P).
of seraphim Yeshaya 6:2(×2)
of women in Zec.’s vision Zecharia 5:9(×2).
fig. of the dawn (winged sun-disc?) Tehillim 139:9, cf. of sun of righteousness Malachi 3:20.
extremity.—
of garment, =skirt, corner, or loose flowing end, Shmuel Alef 15:27; Shmuel Alef 24:5, Shmuel Alef 24:6, Shmuel Alef 24:12(×2) Devarim 22:12; Devarim 23:1; Devarim 27:20 Yirmiya 2:34 (fig.), Yechezkel 5:3; Yechezkel 16:8 (in fig.), Chaggai 2:12(×2) Zecharia 8:23 Bamidbar 15:38(×2) (P; cf. RSSem i. 416, 2nd ed. 437) Rus 3:9.
of the earth, מִכְּנַף הָאָרֶץ Yeshaya 24:16 from the end of the earth; elsewhere pl. כַּנְפוֹת הָא׳ Iyov 37:3; Iyov 38:13, and, def. אַרְבַּע כ׳ הא׳ Yeshaya 11:12 the four corners of the earth; so of the holy land Yechezkel 7:2.—עַל־כְּנַף שִׁקּוּצִים מְשׁוֹמֵם Daniel 9:27 is obscure; Meinh. reads, after Vrss., כָּנָף, on the corner (of the altar) is a devastating abomination; < KueOnderzoek 2, ii. 472 Bev, who read עַל־כַּנּוֹ in its place, instead of it.
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n.m. Tehillim 81:3 lyre (on formation cf. LagBN 89, Anm.; NH id.; Aramaic כִּנָּרָא, ܟܶܢܳܪܳܐ; Mand. כינאר(א)M § 104 (who questions Shemitic origin); Arabic كِنَارٌ, كَنَّارَةٌ; as loan-word in Hellen. Gk. κινύρα (𝔊 and Joseph); in Egyptian kn-an-aul according to Bondi79)—abs. כ׳ Breishis 4:21 +; sf. כִּנֹּרִי Iyov 30:31; pl. כִּנֹּרוֹת Melachim Alef 10:12 +; sf. כִּנּוֹרַיִךְ Yechezkel 26:13, כִּנֹּרוֹתֵינוּ Tehillim 137:2;—lyre, stringed instrument used for popular as well as sacred music (cf. BenzArch. 273 ff. NowArch. i. 273 ff.);—כ׳ וְעוּגָב Breishis 4:21, בְּתֹף וּבְכ׳ Breishis 31:27; אִישׁ יֹדֵעַ מְנַגֵּן בַּכּ׳ Shmuel Alef 16:16 a man skilled in playing on the lyre, cf. v Breishis 31:23 (וִנִגֵּן בְּיָדוֹ); at banquets Yeshaya 5:12 (+ נֶבֶל, תֹּף, חָלִיל), token of merriment Yeshaya 24:8 (+ תֻּפִּים), Yechezkel 26:13, cf. וַיְהִי לְאֵבֶל כִּנֹּרִ֑י וְעֻגָבִי לְקוֹל בֹּכִים Iyov 30:31, יִשְׂאוּ כְתֹף וְכ׳ וְיִשְׂמְחוּ לְקוֹל עוּגָב Iyov 21:12; carried by a loose woman Yeshaya 23:16 (fig. of Tyre); in sim. Yeshaya 16:11 (of murmuring sound of bowels = heart, in pity); used also in praising י׳, usually as accompainment of song (cf. Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:16) נֵבֶל וְתֹף וְחָלִיל וְכ׳ Shmuel Alef 10:5; Yeshaya 30:32 (‖ תֻּפִּים); especially before the ark Shmuel Beis 6:5 (+ נְבָלִים, תֻּפִּים, etc.) ‖ Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:8, and in sanctuary (usually + נֵבֶל, etc.) Melachim Alef 10:12, but especially Chr ψψ:—Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:8 (pl., and so chiefly in Chr), Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:16, Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:21, Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:28; Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:5; Divrei HaYamim Alef 25:1, Divrei HaYamim Alef 25:3, Divrei HaYamim Alef 25:6 Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:12; Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:11; Divrei HaYamim Beis 20:28; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:25 Nechemia 12:27; Tehillim 33:2 (sg., and so chiefly in ψψ), Tehillim 43:4; Tehillim 49:5; Tehillim 57:9; Tehillim 71:22; Tehillim 81:3; Tehillim 92:4; Tehillim 98:5(×2); Tehillim 108:3; Tehillim 147:7; Tehillim 149:3; Tehillim 150:3; cf. כִּנֹּרוֹתֵינוּ Tehillim 137:2.—Vbs. used with כ׳ are:—תָּפַשׂ Breishis 4:21, נִגֵּן בְּ Shmuel Alef 16:16, מְשַׂחֵק בְּ Shmuel Beis 6:5 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:8, מְשֹׁרֲרִים בּ Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:16, מַשְׁמִיעִים בְּ v Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:28, נִבָּא בְּ Divrei HaYamim Alef 25:1, Divrei HaYamim Alef 25:3, הוֹדָה בְּ Tehillim 33:2; Tehillim 42:4, זמּר בְּ Tehillim 71:22; Tehillim 98:5; Tehillim 147:7; Tehillim 149:3, הַלֲלוּהוּ בְּ Tehillim 150:3.—On ancient lyres v. reff. ap. Dr Amos, p. 236 f.
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n.pr.loc. in Galilee (Naphtali), כִּנֶּרֶת Devarim 3:17 Yehoshua 13:27 Bamidbar 34:11; כִּנָּ֑רֶת Yehoshua 19:35; כִּֽנֲֿרוֹת (so Baer; כִּֽנֲֿרוֹת Norzi) Yehoshua 11:2; Yehoshua 12:3 Melachim Alef 15:20;—
a city Yehoshua 19:35 (P; 𝔊 B Κενερεθ, A Χενεροθ, 𝔊L Χενερεθ, as always except Yehoshua 13:27), so prob. Yehoshua 11:2 (D?; B Κενερωθ, A Χενερεθθι), Devarim 3:17 (B Μαχαναρεθ;—Μαχ- = מִכּ׳).
יָם־כִּנֶּרֶת, lake near the city, Bamidbar 34:11 (P; 𝔊B Χεναρα, A Χενερεθ), Yehoshua 13:27 (P; 𝔊B Χενερεθ; A 𝔊L Χενερωθ), יָם כִּֽנֲֿרוֹת Yehoshua 12:3 (D; 𝔊B Χενερεθ; A Χεννερεθ); כָּל־כִּֽנֲֿרוֹת Melachim Alef 15:20 = all the territory about the city and lake, cf. πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν Χενερεθ 𝔊L,—𝔗 has גִּינֵסַר, גְּנֵיסַר, גִּנֹּסַר, cf. τὸ ὕδωρ τοῦ Γεννησαρ 1 Makk. 11:67; Γεννησαρετ Mk 6:53 Mt 14:34 Lu 5:1; etymol. connexion with כִּנֶּרֶת disputed by GASmGeogr. 443 n. BuhlGeogr. 113 n.—On the lake and surrounding region v. GASmGeogr. ch. xxi. BdPal. 254 BuhlGeogr. 113 f. 225 FurrerZPV. 1879 (ii.), 52–74 Frei ib. 1886 (ix.), 81–145 van Kasterenib. 1888 (xi.), 212–248.
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n.m. Shmuel Beis 7:16 seat of honour, throne (NH id.; Ph. (pl.) כרסים; Aramaic כּוּרְסְיָא, ܟܽܘܪܣܝܳܐ; Biblical Aramaic כָּרְסֵא, Zinj. כרסא DHMSendsch. 58. 44; Arabic كُرْسِىٌّ; but Assyrian kussu; perhaps Akkad. loan-word; ideogr. iṣ GU. ZA, cf. DlHWB 343);—abs. כִּסֵּא Breishis 41:40 +; כִּסֵּה Melachim Alef 10:19(×2) Iyov 26:9, הַכִּסֶּא Yechezkel 1:26; cstr. כִּסֵּא Shmuel Beis 3:10 +, כֵּס Shemos 17:16 (si vera l.; v. infr.); sf. כִּסְאִי Melachim Alef 1:13 +, כִּסְאֲךָ Shmuel Beis 7:16 +, כִּסְאֶ֑ךָ Melachim Alef 5:19 +, כִּסְאוֹ Shemos 11:5 +; pl. כִּסְאוֹת Tehillim 122:5(×2); sf. כִּסְאוֹתָם Yechezkel 26:16 Yeshaya 14:9;—seat of honour, usually
of king = throne Breishis 41:40 (E), Shemos 11:5; Shemos 12:29 (both J) Melachim Alef 2:19 Yeshaya 47:1 Yechezkel 26:16; of queen-mother Melachim Alef 2:19; כ׳ מַלְכוּתוֹ Esther 5:1 his royal throne; of future (Messianic) prince Zecharia 6:13 (in v b read על־ימינו 𝔊 StaZAW 1881, 10); of dead kings in Sheʾôl Yeshaya 14:9; נָתַן כ׳, in, or against a place, said of king himself, (only Je) is a sign of conquest (Yirmiya 1:15); so שִׂים כ׳ Yirmiya 43:10, and (of י׳) Yirmiya 49:38; in Shoftim 3:20, though of king, not seat of office; 12 times elsewhere, lit.
throne of י׳ (אלהים) as heavenly king, Yeshaya 6:1 Yechezkel 1:26(×2); Yechezkel 10:1 Melachim Alef 22:19 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 18:18; Iyov 26:9 Tehillim 11:4 Yeshaya 66:1 heaven is my throne; as seat of judgment Tehillim 9:5, Tehillim 9:8; in oath יָד עַל־כֵּס יָהּ Shemos 17:16 (cf. Di; > Cler JDMich Ges Buhl SS נֵס banner; 𝔊 κρυφαία √ כסה, favours כס); Jerusalem called throne of י׳ Yirmiya 3:17, so the sanctuary Yirmiya 17:12 (כ׳ כָּבוֹד מָרוֹם), Yechezkel 43:7.
of high priest Shmuel Alef 1:9; Shmuel Alef 4:13, Shmuel Alef 4:18; of honoured guest Melachim Beis 4:10; of governor Nechemia 3:7; of (unjust) judge כ׳ הַוּוֹת Tehillim 94:20; = conspicuous seat (lit.) Mishlei 9:14; = seat of distinction, explicitly כ׳ כָּבוֹד Yeshaya 22:23; כ׳ alone Melachim Beis 25:28(×2) = Yirmiya 52:32(×2) Esther 3:1.
fig. = royal dignity, authority, power, הַמֶּלֶךְ וְכִסְאוֹ נָקִי Shmuel Beis 14:9; לְדָוִד וּלְזַרְעוֹ וּלְבֵיתוֹ וּלְכ׳ Melachim Alef 2:33; especially kingdom, c. vbs. of setting up, establishing, י׳ subj., הֵקִים כ׳ דָוִד Shmuel Beis 3:10, וּבָנִיתִי בִסְאֲךָ Tehillim 89:5, so c. שִׂים v Tehillim 89:30; king subj., סָעַד בַּחֶסֶד כִּסְאוֹ Mishlei 20:28; pass. כ׳ דָוִד יִהְיֶה נכון Melachim Alef 2:45 the throne of David shall be established, cf. Shmuel Beis 7:16 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:14; וְתוּכַן בַּחֶסֶד כ׳ Yeshaya 16:5 (of Mess. reign); so (in gen.) בִּצְדָקָה יִכּוֹן כ׳ Mishlei 16:12, cf. Mishlei 25:5; Mishlei 29:14; intrans. (c. הָיָה Tehillim 89:37; more fully, י׳ subj., וְכֹנַנְתִּי אֶת־כ׳ מַמְלַכְתּוֹ Shmuel Beis 7:13 (כֹּנֵן כסאו in ‖ Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:12), וַהֲקִמֹתִי אֶת־כ׳ מַמְלַכְתְּךָ עַל ־יִשְׂרָאֵל Melachim Alef 9:5, cf. ‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:18 and וַהֲכִינוֹתִי כ׳ מַלְכוּתוֹ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל Divrei HaYamim Alef 22:10; also מגּר כ׳ Tehillim 89:45 cast down throne, of Gentile nations וְהָפַכְתִּי כ׳ מַמְלָכוֹת Chaggai 2:22; יָשַׁב על־כ׳ sit on the throne of any one (especially David) = be his successor Melachim Alef 1:13, Melachim Alef 1:17, Melachim Alef 1:20, Melachim Alef 1:24, Melachim Alef 1:27, Melachim Alef 1:30, Melachim Alef 1:35, Melachim Alef 1:48; Melachim Alef 2:12; Melachim Alef 3:6 Melachim Beis 13:13, especially Yirmiya 13:13; Yirmiya 17:25; Yirmiya 22:2 + 5 times Je; יֵֽשְׁבוּ לְכ׳ לָ֑ךְ Tehillim 132:12; more fully Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:23; †caus. הוֹשִׁיב על־כ׳ Melachim Alef 2:24; Melachim Alef 5:19 Melachim Beis 10:3; חֹשִׁיב לַכּ׳ fig. Iyov 36:7, of placing in honour; מִפְּרִי בִטְנְךָ אָשִׁית לְכ׳ לָ֑ךְ Tehillim 132:11; †ישׁב על־כ׳ also = take one’s seat as king, become actual king, possess royalty Melachim Alef 16:11, often sit on the throne of Isr. Melachim Alef 8:20, Melachim Alef 8:25 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:10, Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:16, Melachim Alef 10:9 Melachim Beis 10:30; Melachim Beis 15:12, Yirmiya 33:17; without ישׁב Melachim Alef 2:4; Melachim Alef 9:5, cf. also Yeshaya 9:6 (Mess.); ישׁב על־כסא מַמְלַכְתּוֹ Devarim 17:18, על־כסא הַמְּלוּכָה Melachim Alef 1:46, and even לָשֶׁבֶת עַל־כִּסֵּא מַלְכוּת י׳ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:5; also ישׁב עַל־כ׳ הַמְּלָכִים Melachim Beis 11:19, ‖ כ׳ הַמַּמְלָכָה Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:20; of (royal) throne as judgment seat Mishlei 20:8, cf. also Tehillim 122:5; set one upon the throne of Isr. נתן פ׳ על־כ׳ ישׂ׳ Melachim Alef 10:9 cf. ‖ Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:8; in compar. sentence יְגַדֵּל אֶת־כִּסְאוֹ מִכּ׳, i.e. make him a more powerful king than, Melachim Alef 1:37, cf. v Melachim Alef 1:47; of king of Babylon, מִמַּעַל לְכוֹכְבֵי־אֵל אָרִים כִּסְאִי Yeshaya 14:13. In Tehillim 45:7 כִּסְאֲךָ אלהים וגו׳ the text is prob. corrupt: AE Hi Ew Bae read thy throne is (a throne) of God; Bi Che insert נכונה יסודתו הקימו thy throne [its foundation is firmly fixed], God [has established it]; v. further Dr§ 194, Obs..
throne of י׳ (אלהים) = his royal dignity, sovereignty, Eicha 5:19 Tehillim 93:2; Tehillim 103:19 (הֵכִין כ׳; ‖ מַלְכוּת); כ׳ כְבוֹדֶ֑ךָ Yirmiya 14:21; יָשַׁב עַל־כ׳ קָדְשׁוֹ Tehillim 47:9; צֶדֶק וּמִשְׁפָּט מְכוֹן כִּסְאֶ֑ךָ Tehillim 89:15 cf. Tehillim 97:2.
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vb. cover (NH כָּסָה Pi; Aramaic כְּסָא chiefly Pa; ܟܣܳܐ Pa. hide, cover; ܟܣܳܝܳܐ covering, ܬܰܟܣܺܝܬܳܐ garment; Arabic كَسَا (كسو) clothe, كِسَآءٌ garment; Assyrian kusû, cover; kusîtu, garment DlHWB 342)
, only Pt. act. כֹּסֶה;—
conceal shame Mishlei 12:16; knowledge Mishlei 12:23.
pass. (cstr.) כְּסוּי חֲטָאָה Tehillim 32:1 covered in respect of sin (by God, which he thus puts out of sight) (‖ נְשׂוּי־פֶּשַׁע).
Pf. 3 fs. נִכְסָ֑תָה, covered, with waves Yirmiya 51:42; Inf. cstr. הִכָּסוֹת Yechezkel 24:8, (blood) not to be covered.
Pf. 3 ms. כִּסָּה Bamidbar 9:15 + 12 times; sf. כִּסָּהוּ Vayikra 17:13 Bamidbar 17:7; כִּסָּמוֹ Shemos 15:10; 3 fs. כִּסְּתָה Breishis 38:15 + 5 times; 1 s. כִּסִּיתִי Tehillim 32:5 + 3 times; כִּסֵּתִי Yechezkel 31:15 (del. Co); כִּסֵּיתִי Yechezkel 32:7 + 13 times Pf.; Impf. 3 ms. יְכַסֶּה Yeshaya 6:2 + 8 times; וַיְכַס Shemos 10:15 + 4 times; sf. יְכַסֶּ֑דָּ Chavakuk 2:17; יְכַסֶּנָּה Yechezkel 30:18; 3 mpl. sf. יְכַסְיֻמוּ Shemos 15:5 + 41 times Impf.; Imv. sf. כַּסּוּנוּ Hoshea 10:8; Inf. cstr. כַּסּוֹת Malachi 2:13 + 11 times; כַּסֹּת Bamidbar 4:15; sf. כַּסֹּתוֹ Shemos 26:13; Pt. מְכַסֶּה Mishlei 10:18 + 12 times; pl. מְכַסִּים Yeshaya 11:9; fpl. מְכַסּוֹת Yechezkel 1:11, Yechezkel 1:23(×2);—
cover, clothe Shoftim 4:19 Yechezkel 16:10 (2 acc.), v Yechezkel 16:18; Yonah 3:6 is appar. reflex., c. acc. of garment (strange; read perhaps וַיִּכָּס); nakedness Breishis 9:23 (J), Shemos 28:42 (P), Yechezkel 16:8 Hoshea 2:11; the naked Yeshaya 58:7 Yechezkel 18:7, Yechezkel 18:16 (+ acc. rei); the face and legs of seraphim Yeshaya 6:2(×2); bodies of cherubim Yechezkel 1:11, Yechezkel 1:23(×2); the face Breishis 38:15 (J), Yechezkel 12:6, Yechezkel 12:12, fig. Iyov 23:17; earth with the great deep Tehillim 104:6; heavens with glory Chavakuk 3:3; with בְּ of the clothing Breishis 38:14 (J), Devarim 22:12, these two appar. reflex., cf. Yonah 3:6 supr.; Shoftim 4:18 Melachim Alef 1:1; heaven with clouds Tehillim 147:8, with glory Yechezkel 32:7.
cover, conceal blood Breishis 37:26 (J), Iyov 16:18; human ordure Devarim 23:14; mts. conceal men from God Hoshea 10:8; cover transgressions Iyov 31:33 Mishlei 17:9; Mishlei 28:13; iniquity Tehillim 32:5; righteousness Tehillim 40:11; hatred Mishlei 10:18; a thing Mishlei 11:13; judge’s face so as not to see justice Iyov 9:24; heads of rulers and seers Yeshaya 29:10; with בְּ of covering Vayikra 17:13 (H), Shmuel Alef 19:13; face by fat Iyov 15:27; sun by a cloud Yechezkel 32:7; with מִן from whom Breishis 18:17 (J), Iyov 33:17.
cover (with covering of protection), a pit Shemos 21:33 (Covt. code); with cloud of incense, the Kapporeth Vayikra 16:13 (P); coverings of the sacred tent, tabernacle, and their furniture Shemos 26:13 Bamidbar 4:9, Bamidbar 4:15 (P); with בְּ of the covering Bamidbar 4:5, Bamidbar 4:8, Bamidbar 4:11, Bamidbar 4:12 (P); Zion בְּצֵל יָדִי Yeshaya 51:16.
cover, spread over, fat, the inwards Shemos 29:13, Shemos 29:22 Vayikra 3:3, Vayikra 3:9, Vayikra 3:14; Vayikra 4:8 (with עַל), Vayikra 7:3 (P); leprosy, the skin and flesh Vayikra 13:12, Vayikra 13:13 (P); the cloud of the theophany, the mount Shemos 24:15, Shemos 24:16 (P), the tent of meeting Shemos 40:34 Bamidbar 17:7 (P), and the tabernacle Bamidbar 9:15, Bamidbar 9:16 (P); altar with tears Malachi 2:13 (2 acc.); Jerusalem with multitude of camels Yeshaya 60:6; of handiwork Melachim Alef 7:18, Melachim Alef 7:41, Melachim Alef 7:42 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:12, Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:13.
cover, overwhelm, sq. accus., the sea the Egyptians Shemos 14:28 (P), Shemos 15:5, Shemos 15:10 (song), Yehoshua 24:7 (E), Tehillim 78:53; Tehillim 106:11; waters Iyov 22:11; Iyov 38:34 Tehillim 104:9 Yirmiya 46:8 Yechezkel 26:19; locusts the eye of the land Shemos 10:5, Shemos 10:15 (J), also Israel Bamidbar 22:5, Bamidbar 22:11 (J); frogs the land Shemos 8:2 (P); quails the camp Shemos 16:13 (P); cloud the land Yechezkel 30:18; Yechezkel 38:9, Yechezkel 38:16; darkness the earth Yeshaya 60:2; dust a city Yechezkel 26:10; the depths of the sea by God Iyov 36:30; with a reference to a person’s shame Tehillim 44:16; Tehillim 69:8 Yirmiya 51:51 Ovadia 1:10 Micha 7:10; horror Tehillim 55:6 Yechezkel 7:18; violence Mishlei 10:6, Mishlei 10:11 Chavakuk 2:17; confusion Yirmiya 3:25; mischief Tehillim 140:10; God covers sin Tehillim 85:3 (‖ נשׂא עון), cf. Tehillim 32:1 (Qal).
sq. על of person or thing covered, cover over: cherubim over the ark Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:8; over the dead, the earth Bamidbar 16:33 (JE), Tehillim 106:17 Yeshaya 26:21, worms Iyov 21:26; dust over blood Yechezkel 24:7; waters over the sea Chavakuk 2:14, cf. לַיָּם Yeshaya 11:9; (v. Dr§ 135. 7 Obs.); love covereth over all sins Mishlei 10:12; God covereth over iniquity Nechemia 3:37; people not to cover over a guilty person Devarim 13:9; + acc. of obj. covering (DaSynt. § 75), fig. covering over the garment with violence Malachi 2:16; God’s hands with light Iyov 36:32; + בְּ of covering Tehillim 44:20.
כִסִּתִי (אֵלֶיךָ) Tehillim 143:9 is error for חָסִיתִי according to 𝔊 κατέφυγον SS, but חסה not cstr. wi. אֶל־; חִכִּיתִי Bae; הֶאֱבַלְתִּי כִּסֵּתִי עָלָיו אֶת־תְּהוֹם Yechezkel 31:15 according to Co I caused the deep to mourn for them (del. כסתי).
Pf. 3 mpl. כָּסּוּ Tehillim 80:11 Mishlei 24:31; Impf. יְכֻסֶּה Koheles 6:4; pl. וַיְכֻסּוּ Breishis 7:19, Breishis 7:20; Pt. pl. מְכֻסִּים Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:16; fpl. מְכֻסּוֹת Yechezkel 41:16.
sq. accus. be covered, hills with shadow Tehillim 80:11; mountains with water Breishis 7:19, Breishis 7:20 (P); field with nettles Mishlei 24:31; abs., windows of temple Yechezkel 41:16.
sq. בְּ, be clothed, with sackcloth Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:16; name with darkness Koheles 6:4.
Impf. וַיִּתְכַּס Yeshaya 37:1 = Melachim Beis 19:1; 3 fs. תִּכַּסֶּה Mishlei 26:26; וַתִּתְכָּ֑ס Breishis 24:65; pl. יִתְכַּסּוּ Yeshaya 59:6 Yonah 3:8; Pt. מִתְכַּסֶּת Melachim Alef 11:29; pl. מִתְכַּסִּים Yeshaya 37:2 = Melachim Beis 19:2;—cover, clothe oneself, abs. (of veil) Breishis 24:65 (J); with בְּ, of new garment Melachim Alef 11:29; sackcloth Melachim Beis 19:1, Melachim Beis 19:2 = Yeshaya 37:1, Yeshaya 37:2; fig. of works Yeshaya 59:6, of hatred with guile Mishlei 26:26; with acc. Yonah 3:8 (שַׂקִּים).
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כָּסוּי
n.[m.] covering, only cstr. כְּסוּי עוֹר covering of skins Bamidbar 4:6, Bamidbar 4:14 (P).
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כְּסוּת
n.f. coveringכ׳ Breishis 20:16 + 3 times; sf. כְּסוּתְךָ Devarim 22:12 + 3 times sfs.;—
covering, clothing Shemos 21:10; Shemos 22:26 (Covt. code), Devarim 22:12 Iyov 24:7; Iyov 31:19; of שַׂק as clothing of heavens Yeshaya 50:3 in fig.
covering for concealment, of Abaddon, the subterranean abode of the dead Iyov 26:6; כ׳ עֵינַיִם, covering of the eyes Breishis 20:16 (so that they cannot see the wrong, fig. of a present offered in compensation for it; E).
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כִּסֵּה
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כָּסוּי²
v. sub I. כסה.
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כָּסַח
vb. cut off or away, a plant (NH id.; Aramaic כְּסַח, ܟܣܰܚ (for Heb. זָמַר); Arabic كَسَحَ sweep off, away, destroy, do away with; cf. Sab. כסח overpower, conquer, HomZMG 1892, 532)—only
Pt. pass., fs. כְּסוּחָה Tehillim 80:17, cut away, of Isr. under fig. of vine; mpl. קוֹצִים כְּסוּחים Yeshaya 33:12 thorns cut away, fig. of peoples destroyed by divine judgment.
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כֶּ֫סֶל
n.m. 1.loins, 2. stupidity, 3. confidence (NH id. loin; Aramaic כִּסְלָא id.);—
loins כָּ֑סֶל Iyov 15:27; pl. כְּסָלִים Vayikra 3:4, Vayikra 3:10, Vayikra 3:15; Vayikra 4:9; Vayikra 7:4; sf. כְּסָלַי Tehillim 38:8.
stupidity, folly כ׳ Koheles 7:25 (‖ סִכְלוּת), כֵּסֶל Tehillim 49:14.
confidence, sf. כִּסְלִי Iyov 31:24; כִּסְלֶ֑ךָ Mishlei 3:26; כִּסְלוֹ Iyov 8:14; כִּסְלָם Tehillim 78:7.
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כְּסִיל
n.m. stupid fellow, dullard, fool;—כ׳ Tehillim 49:11 + 44 times; pl. כְּסִילִים Tehillim 94:8 + 25 times;—‖ בער Tehillim 49:11; Tehillim 92:7; Tehillim 94:8, elsewhere only in WisdLt; he hates knowledge Mishlei 1:22; delights not in understanding Mishlei 18:2; it is his sport to do mischief Mishlei 10:23; his heart proclaimeth אִוֶּלֶת Mishlei 12:23; his mouth poureth it forth Mishlei 15:2, and feedeth on it Mishlei 15:14.
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כְּסִילוּת
n.f. stupidity;—Mishlei 9:13 אֵשֶׁת כ׳, the woman Stupidity, in antithesis with חָכְמוֹת the Supreme Wisdom personified as a woman.
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כְּסִיל²
n.m. Orion (relation to above √ obscure);—Amos 5:8 Iyov 9:9; also משְׁכוֹת כ׳ תְּפַתֵּחַ Iyov 38:31 the cords of Orion wilt (canst) thou let out? (appar. some mythological allusion, v. Di Che, to giant bound in skies; cf. Hom Ὠρίωνα δοκεύει, and σθένος Ὠρίωνος); both times associated with the Pleiades; sf. כְּסִילֵיהֶם their Orions Yeshaya 13:10, Orion and other constellations of the same brilliancy.
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כְּסִיל³
n.pr.loc. in S of tribe of Judah Yehoshua 15:30, prob. corrupt for בְּתוּל Yehoshua 19:4; see בְּתוּאֵל.
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כְּסָלוֹן
n.pr.loc. on border of tribe of Judah = הַר־יְעָרִים Yehoshua 15:10; = Kesla 10 miles W. Jerus., GuérinJud. ii. 11 ff. Mem.iii.25.26 BuhlG. § 92, p. 166.
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כִּסְלוֹן
n.pr.m. a prince of Benjamin Bamidbar 34:21.
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כִּסְלֵו
n.pr.[m.] Kislew, ninth month (postex.) = Nov.–Dec., Zecharia 7:1; בְּחֹדֶשׁ כ׳ Nechemia 1:1 (𝔗 id.; loan-word from Bab. kislimu, kisliva, Muss-ArnJBL 1892, 167; conj. on etym. by JenZA ii, 210, Anm. 3 Hptib. 265, Anm. 2; Palm. כסלול VogNo. 24; Gk. χασελευ 1 Makk 1:54).
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כַּסְלֻחִים
n.pr.gent. Breishis 10:14 (𝔊D Χασμωνιειμ, 𝔊L Χασλωνιειμ, E Χαλοειμ) = Divrei HaYamim Alef 1:12 (A Χασλωνιειμ, 𝔊L Χασλωειμ), among the sons of מִצְרַיִם; not identif.; conject. in Thes Di.
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כֶּ֫סֶף
n.m. Breishis 23:9 silver, money (NH id.; Ph. Zinj. כסף; Aramaic כַּסְפָּא, ܟܶܣܦܳܐ; Palm. כספא VogNo. 23; Assyrian kaspu; prob. the pale metal Thes al., cf. RSJPh. xiv, 125)כ׳ abs. Breishis 20:16 +, כָּ֑סֶף Shemos 21:11 +; cstr. Breishis 43:21 +; sf. כַּסְפִּי Breishis 42:28 + 3 times, כַּסְפְּךָ Melachim Alef 20:3 + 2 times, כַּסְפֶּ֑ךָ Breishis 17:13 Yeshaya 30:22, כַּסְפֵּךְ Yeshaya 1:22, כַּסְפֵּנוּ Breishis 31:15 + 2 times, כַּסְפָּם Hoshea 8:4 + 6 times; pl. sf. כַּסְפֵּיהֶם Breishis 42:25, Breishis 42:35;—silver,
= silver ore, raw silver (rare and mostly late) Iyov 28:1, also (in fig.) Yechezkel 22:20, Yechezkel 22:22 Zecharia 13:9 Mishlei 2:4; Mishlei 17:3; Mishlei 27:21 Malachi 3:3(×2) Tehillim 12:7; Tehillim 66:10 Yeshaya 48:10; הָגוֹ סִיגים מִכּ׳ Mishlei 25:4 remove dross from silver, cf. כ׳ סִיגִים Mishlei 26:23 and סִגִים כ׳ Yechezkel 22:18 (MT; 𝔊 כ׳ ס׳; Co del. in view of v Yechezkel 22:20); כ׳ נִמְאָס Yirmiya 6:30 (cf. v Yirmiya 6:29), כַּסְפֵּךְ הָיָה לְסִיגִים Yeshaya 1:22.
silver as bright, shining, fig. of dove’s wings כַּנְפֵי יוֹנָה נֶחְפָּה בַכֶּ֑סֶף Tehillim 68:14.
silver, as wealth, Breishis 13:2 (J) + often (c. 54 times in all; frequently with gold, etc., v. זהב); מְלֹא בֵיתוֹ כ׳ וזהב Bamidbar 22:18; Bamidbar 24:13; fig. of a slave as valuable, כַּסְפּוֹ הוּא Shemos 21:21 (all JE); silver as less valuable than gold Melachim Alef 10:21 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:20; cf. also Melachim Alef 10:27 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 1:15; Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:27; כ׳ נִבְחָר choice silver, Mishlei 8:19; Mishlei 10:20.
silver as spoil of war (c. זהב, q.v.) Shoftim 5:19 Shmuel Beis 8:11 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 18:11 + 11 times
silver as merchandise Yechezkel 27:12 Mishlei 3:14 (סְחַר־כ׳), Tzefania 1:12; cf. also Melachim Alef 10:22 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:21.
silver as material (c. 117 times in all; often c. זהב, q.v.), of cup Breishis 44:2 cf. v Breishis 44:8 (J), trumpets Bamidbar 10:2 (P), כְּלֵי־כ׳ Breishis 24:53 (J) +; of idols Shemos 20:20 Yeshaya 2:20 Devarim 29:16 Yechezkel 16:17 Tehillim 115:4; Tehillim 135:15 + 4 times, cf. Devarim 7:25 Yirmiya 10:4 Chavakuk 2:19; especially of fittings of tabern. Shemos 26, Shemos 27, Shemos 36, Shemos 38 (19 times), and those offered by chiefs of people Bamidbar 7 (28 times), etc.
silver as measure of weight and value (c. 184 times):—
shekels:—כ׳ שְׁלֹשִׁים שְׁקָלִים Shemos 21:32 (JE), cf. Shmuel Beis 24:24 Vayikra 5:15 Bamidbar 18:16 (both P), Nechemia 5:15; also (diff. order) חֲמִשָּׁה שׁקלים כ׳ Vayikra 27:6(×2) (P), cf. Yehoshua 7:21 (JE), Melachim Beis 15:20, and אַרְבַּע מֵאֹת שֶׁקֶל כ׳ Breishis 23:15, Breishis 23:16, cf. Vayikra 27:3, Vayikra 27:16 (all P), Shmuel Alef 9:8; once שִׁבְעָה שְׁקָלִים וַעֲשָׂרָה הַכּ׳ Yirmiya 32:9.
more often om. שׁקל Breishis 20:16; Breishis 45:22 (E), Breishis 37:28 (J), Hoshea 3:2 Shir HaShirim 8:11 + 17 times
minas:—כ׳ מָנִים חֲמֵשֶׁת אֲלָפִים Ezra 2:69 cf. Nechemia 7:69, Nechemia 7:70.
more often = money, measure of value and exchange (c. 112 times; not necess. coined) Breishis 31:15 Breishis 42:25, Breishis 42:27 (E), Breishis 43:12(×2), Breishis 43:15, Breishis 43:18 (J), Breishis 23:13 Vayikra 27:18 Bamidbar 3:48 (P), Shoftim 16:18 Melachim Alef 21:2 Melachim Beis 12:5 etc.; so Tehillim 68:31 Che, but see De Grill Bae, and Checrit. n.; מִקְנַת כ׳ one bought for money Breishis 17:12, Breishis 17:13, Breishis 17:23, Breishis 17:27 Shemos 12:44 (all P); כ׳ מִקְנָתוֹ Vayikra 25:51 (H) money for which he was bought; כ׳ מָלֵא full price Breishis 23:9 (P) Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:22, Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:24; כַּסְפֵּנוּ בְּמִשְׁקָלוֹ Breishis 43:21 i.e. our money in full; כ׳ מִמְכָּרוֹ Vayikra 25:50 the price of his sale; כ׳ אָשָׁם Melachim Beis 12:17 trespass-money, כ׳ חַטָּאוֹת v Melachim Beis 12:17 sin-money, כ׳ הַכִּפֻּרִים Shemos 30:16 atonement-money, כ׳ הַפִּדְיוֹן Bamidbar 3:49 redemption-money (both P); כ׳ עֶרְכְּךָ Vayikra 27:15, Vayikra 27:19 i.e. estimated value, etc.
among vbs. and phr. with כ׳ are:—צרף try, refine, Zecharia 13:9 Yeshaya 48:10 Malachi 3:3 Tehillim 12:7; Tehillim 66:10; זִקַּק Malachi 3:3, (cf. הִתּוּךְ Yechezkel 22:22, √ נתך, see v Yechezkel 22:20, Yechezkel 22:21); יפּה beautify בכ׳ Yirmiya 10:4; תָּפוּשׂ כ׳ Chavakuk 2:19 encased with gold and silver; שָׁקַל את־הַכּ׳ לְ weigh out the silver to or for a person Yirmiya 32:9 Breishis 23:16 (P) Ezra 8:25, without לְ Yirmiya 32:10, cf. Shemos 22:16 (E), Melachim Alef 20:39; שׁקל כ׳ ב׳ Yeshaya 55:2 = spend money for; לֹא יִשָּׁקֵל כ׳ מְחִירָהּ Iyov 28:15; וַיִּשְׁקְלוּ אֶת־שְׂבָרִי שׁלשׁים כ׳ Zecharia 11:12; כ׳ בַּקָּנֶה ישׁקלו Yeshaya 46:6, of weighing material for idol; מָכַר בכ׳ sell for money Amos 2:6 Breishis 37:28 (J), Devarim 21:14; נָתַן בכ׳ Devarim 2:28 Melachim Alef 21:6, Melachim Alef 21:15 Breishis 23:9 (P), Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:22; also, of food, הִשְׁבִּיר ב׳ Devarim 2:28; נתן כ׳ השׂדה Breishis 23:13 (P) pay the price of the field; קָנָה בְכ׳ buy something for money Amos 8:6 Yirmiya 32:25, Yirmiya 32:44 Yeshaya 43:24 Divrei HaYamim Alef 21:24, cf. קָנָה נֶפֶשׁ קִנְיַן כ׳ Vayikra 22:11 (H); שׁבר בכ׳ Devarim 2:6 Yeshaya 55:1; כרה בכ׳ Devarim 2:6; peculiar is its use with פָּדָה, redeem (q.v.) in Bamidbar 18:16; לקח כ׳ receive money Melachim Beis 5:26; Melachim Beis 12:8, Melachim Beis 12:9; לָוָה כ׳ Nechemia 5:4 borrow money; הִלְוָה Shemos 22:24 (JE) lend money to (c. 2 acc.); נתן כ׳ בְּנֶשֶׁךְ give money on usury Vayikra 25:37 (H), Tehillim 15:5; cf. לֹא תַשִּׁיךְ לְאָחִיךָ נֶשֶׁךְ כ׳ Devarim 23:20.
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כָּעַס
vb. be vexed, angry (NH כָּעַס, Aramaic כְּעַס (not Syriac));—
Pf. כ׳ Tehillim 112:10 Koheles 5:16; Impf. וַיִּכְעַס Nechemia 3:33 Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:10; 1 s. אֶכְעַס Yechezkel 16:42; Inf. לִכְעוֹס Koheles 7:9.—
Pf. 3 fs. sf. כִּעֲסַתָּה Shmuel Alef 1:6; 3 mpl. sf. כִּעֲסוּנִי Devarim 32:21 angered (בְּהַבְלֵיהֶם).
Pf. הִכְעִיס Hoshea 12:15 Melachim Alef 15:30; sf. הִכְעִיסוֹ Melachim Beis 23:26 + 4 times Pf.; הַכְעִסֵו֯נִי Yirmiya 25:7; (scribal error for תַּכְעִיסוּני according to SS); Impf. וַיַּכְעֵס Melachim Alef 22:54 Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:25; 3 fs. sf. תַּכְעִיסֶנָּה Shmuel Alef 1:7 + 6 times Impf.; Inf. cstr. הַכְעִיס Melachim Alef 16:13 + 5 times; sf. הַכְעִ(י)סֵנִי Yirmiya 7:18 + 11 times, + 6 times sfs.; Pt. pl. מַכְעִיסִים Yirmiya 7:19 + 4 times—
vex, c. acc. pers. Shmuel Alef 1:7 Yechezkel 32:9.
vex, provoke to anger, especially of provoking Yahweh by worship of other gods Shoftim 2:12 Melachim Alef 14:9, Melachim Alef 14:15; Melachim Alef 16:33; Melachim Alef 22:54 Melachim Beis 17:11; Melachim Beis 23:19 Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:25 Nechemia 3:37 Yirmiya 7:18, Yirmiya 7:19; Yirmiya 11:17; Yirmiya 32:29, Yirmiya 32:32; Yirmiya 44:3 Yechezkel 8:17; Yechezkel 16:26 Yeshaya 65:3 Hoshea 12:15; c. בּ instr. בְּתוֹעֵבֹת Devarim 32:16; בְּגוֹי נָבָל Devarim 32:21 Melachim Alef 16:13, Melachim Alef 16:26; בחטאתם Melachim Alef 16:2; במעשׂ(י) יד(יו) Devarim 31:29 Melachim Alef 16:7 Yirmiya 25:6, Yirmiya 25:7; Yirmiya 32:30; Yirmiya 44:8; בכל מעשׂ(ה) ידיהם Melachim Beis 22:17 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:25; בבמות Tehillim 78:58; בפסיליהם Yirmiya 8:19; במעלליהם Tehillim 106:29; cf. the phrases עשׂה הרע(ה) בעיני י׳ להכעיס(ו) do the evil in the eyes of Yahweh to provoke (him) to anger Devarim 4:25; Devarim 9:18; Devarim 31:29 Melachim Alef 16:7 Melachim Beis 17:17; Melachim Beis 21:6 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 33:6; so מכעסים Melachim Beis 21:15 Yirmiya 32:30; כעס(ים) אשׁר הכעיס Melachim Alef 15:30; Melachim Alef 21:22 Melachim Beis 23:26.—The phrase is characteristic of D Je and the compiler of Kings; see DrIntr. 191; Devarim 4:25 HolzEinl. Hex. 287.
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כַּ֫עַס
n.m. vexation, anger;—כ׳ Devarim 32:27 + 13 times; כָּ֑עַס Mishlei 21:19 Koheles 1:18; sf. כַּעְסִי Shmuel Alef 1:16 כַּעַסְךָ Tehillim 85:5, כַּעְסוֹ Mishlei 12:16 Melachim Alef 15:30; pl. כְּעָסִים Melachim Beis 23:26.—vexation:
vexation, anger of Yahweh (caused especially by worship of other gods) Melachim Alef 15:30; Melachim Alef 21:22 Melachim Beis 23:26; כ׳ עִמָּנוּ Tehillim 85:5 anger (of Yahweh) with us; כ׳ בָּנָיו Devarim 32:19 anger against his sons, כ׳ אוֹיֵב v Devarim 32:27 anger against the enemy (both obj. gen. see Di; RV provocation of, cf. Dr); כ׳ קָרְבָּנָם Yechezkel 20:28 provocation of their offering (so RV but Co del., rightly).
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כַּ֫עַשׂ
n.m. (dialectic variation of כַּעַס, only in Jb);—כ׳ Iyov 17:7, כָּ֑עָשׂ Iyov 5:2; sf. כַּעְשִׂי Iyov 6:2; כַּעַשְׂךָ Iyov 10:17;—
vexation, anger, of God; c. כַּעַשְׂךָ עִמָּדִי Iyov 10:17 thine anger with me.
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כַּף
v. sub כפף.
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כִּפָּה
v. sub כפף.
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כָּפַף
vb. bend, bend down, be bent, bowed (NH bend, overturn, Assyrian kapâpu, bend, bow, DlHWB 347; Arabic كَفَّ fell a seam, also turn back, avert, كُفَّةٌ selvage, كِفَافٌ circuit, rim; Aramaic כְּפַף, ܟܰܦ bend, curve; Palm. כפתא niche, from כפף curve according to VogNo. 70, p. 50);—
Pf. כ׳ נַפְשִׁי Tehillim 57:7 my soul is bowed down; Inf. cstr. (trans.) לָכֹף כְּאַגְמֹן רֹאשׁוֹ Yeshaya 58:5 to bend down, like a rush, his head. Pt. pass. (הַ)כְּפוּפִים those bowed down, in distress, humiliation, etc., Tehillim 145:14; Tehillim 146:8.
Impf. 1 s. אִכַּף לֵאלֹהֵי מָרוֹם Micha 6:6 with what shall I bow myself (in worship) toward the high God?
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כַּף²
n.f. Melachim Alef 8:54 hollow, or flat of the hand, palm, sole of foot, pan (NH id.; Aramaic id., ܟܰܦܳܐ; Assyrian kappu, hand, pan, kippatu, hollow; Arabic كَفٌّ palm, hand)—abs. כ׳ Iyov 29:9 +, so read prob. also Yechezkel 29:7 for MT כָּתֵף (𝔊 𝔖 Sm Co, cf. v a); כָּ֑ף Melachim Beis 11:12 +; more often cstr. כַּף Breishis 40:11 +; sf. כַּפִּי Shoftim 12:3, כַּפְּךָ Iyov 13:21, etc.; in Yechezkel 29:7 read כַּף Qr for כפך Kt (so Ew Hi Sm Co Da); du. כַּפַּיִם Yeshaya 49:16 +; cstr. כַּפֵּי Shemos 29:24(×2) + 3 times; sf. כַּפַּי Breishis 20:5 +, כַּפָּיו Bamidbar 24:10 +, כַּפֵּיהֶם Yeshaya 59:6 + 2 times, כַּפֵּימוֹ Iyov 27:23, etc.; pl. כַּפּוֹת (especially of soles, and in metaph. senses) abs. Bamidbar 4:7 +; cstr. Melachim Beis 9:35 +, sf. כַּפֹתָיו Shemos 25:29; Shemos 37:16;—
of human beings, hollow or flat of hand, palm, (c. 116 times) Melachim Beis 4:34(×2); נָתַן אֵת הַכּום עַל־כַּף פ׳ Breishis 40:11, Breishis 40:21 (E), set the cup upon the palm of Pharaoh (cf. v Breishis 40:11 וְכוֹס פַּרְעֹה בְּיָדִי), similarly Vayikra 8:27(×2) (P) +; הַשֶּׁמֶן אֲשֶׁר עַל־כַּפּוֹ Vayikra 14:16, Vayikra 14:17, Vayikra 14:18, Vayikra 14:27, Vayikra 14:28; as disting. from wrist and arm, Devarim 25:12; rarely c. ידים (always כַּכּוֹת), שְׁתֵּי כַּפּוֹת ידיו Shmuel Alef 5:4 (of Dagon), כ׳ הַיָּדַיִם Melachim Beis 9:35, cf. Daniel 10:10; כַּף הַשְּׂמָאלִית Vayikra 14:15, Vayikra 14:26; note especially מְלֹא כ׳ קֶמַח Melachim Alef 17:12 a handful of meal (lit. palmful), cf. Koheles 4:6 (where disting. from מלא חָפְנַיִם a double fistful; in both these passages of a very small quantity); cf. וַיְמַלֵּא כַּפּוֹ מִן Vayikra 9:17 (ref. to מְלֹא קֻמְצוֹ Vayikra 2:2; Vayikra 5:12 cf. Vayikra 6:8). In Shemos 4:4 (JE), Mishlei 31:19 Yechezkel 21:16 Tehillim 129:7, etc., the thought is that of grasping.
anthropomorph. of י׳, covering Moses over with his palm, וְשַׂכֹּתִי כַפִּי עָלֶיךָ Shemos 33:22 (J), and so fig. (c. שׁית) Tehillim 139:5; withdrawing (הֵסִיר) his hand Shemos 33:23 (J); removing (הִרְחִיק) his afflicting hand Iyov 13:21; עַל־כַּפַּיִם כִּסָּה אוֹר Iyov 36:22, i.e. he (God) hath filled his palms with light.
once of animals, הוֹלֵךְ עַל־כַּפָּיו Vayikra 11:27 going upon their palms, i.e. paws (cats, dogs, etc.).
phrases are:—†(1) הִכָּה כַּף = clap the hands, in applause Melachim Beis 11:12 so תָּקַע כ׳ Tehillim 47:2, מָחָא כ׳ Yeshaya 55:12 (fig. of trees), Tehillim 98:8 (fig. of rivers); but especially in scorn, contempt, etc., סָפַק אֶת־כַּפָּיו Bamidbar 24:10 (J), יִשְׂפֹּק עָלֵימוֹ כַפֵּ֑ימוֹ Iyov 27:23; so תָּקַע כַּף על־ Nachum 3:19, הִכָּה כַפִּי אֶל־ Yechezkel 22:13 (of י׳); abs., הִכָּה בְכַפְּךָ Yechezkel 6:11 (as מחא יד Yechezkel 25:6), הִכָּה כַּף אֶל־כַּף Yechezkel 21:19, אַכֶּה כַפִּי אֶל־כַּפִּי v Yechezkel 21:22 (of י׳). †(2) תָּפַשׂ בַּכַּף grasp, seize with the hand Yechezkel 29:7 cf. v Yechezkel 29:7 (on text v. supr.) †(Yechezkel 29:3) of hand-grasp as pledge, תָּקַעְתָּ לַזָּר כַּפֶּיךָ Mishlei 6:1 (if) thou hast smitten thy palms (given a double hand-grassp), for another (so De; ‖ עָרַבְתָּ לְרֵעֶ֑ךָ); so abs. תקע כף Mishlei 17:18; Mishlei 22:26 (cf. תקע ליד Iyov 17:3). (4) often of hand spread out in prayer, as sign of longing to receive, c. פָּרַשׂ אֶל־ Shemos 9:29, Shemos 9:33 (J), Melachim Alef 8:38 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:29, etc. (v. יר Tehillim 143:6 Eicha 1:17 and יָר 1 d, supr. p. 389; also פרשׂ, נשׂא, שׁטח). †(5) שׂים כַּף לְפֶה, in respectful silence, Iyov 29:9. †(6) fig. וָאָשִׂימָה נַפְשִׁי בְכַפִּי Shoftim 12:3 = I have taken my life in my hand (i.e. hazard ed it), so Shmuel Alef 19:5; Shmuel Alef 28:21; Iyov 13:14 and (without vb.) Tehillim 119:109. †(7) נִקְיֹן כ׳ Breishis 20:5 cleanness of palms is fig. for purity of act, cf. Tehillim 26:6, also Iyov 9:30; Iyov 22:30; Tehillim 24:4; Tehillim 73:13; conversely, (לֹא)חָמָם בְּכַפָּ֑י Iyov 16:17; Divrei HaYamim Alef 12:18; Yeshaya 59:6; Yonah 3:8, cf. Yeshaya 59:3 (so ידים Yeshaya 1:15), Iyov 31:7 Tehillim 7:4.—In many cases כַּף is not to be distinguished from יָד; so in phr. †יְגִיעַ כ׳ toil of the hands Breishis 31:42; Chaggai 1:11; Iyov 10:3; Tehillim 128:2; פֹּעַל כ׳ Tehillim 9:17, חֵפֶץ כ׳ Mishlei 31:13; תְּבוּנוֹת כ׳ Tehillim 78:72, פְּרִי כ׳ Mishlei 31:16 †; cf. Micha 7:3.
= power (i.e. grasp) of any one, נתן בכף Shoftim 6:13 = deliver into the power of, so Yirmiya 12:7, cf. בּוֹא בכף Mishlei 6:3; usually הוֹשִׁיעַ, פָּדָה, הִצִּיל etc., c. מִכַּף = out of the power of Shoftim 6:14 Shmuel Alef 4:3 Shmuel Beis 14:16; Shmuel Beis 19:10(×2); Shmuel Beis 22:1(×2) = Shmuel Beis 18:1 (title), Melachim Beis 16:7(×2); Melachim Beis 20:6 = Yeshaya 38:6, Micha 4:10 Yirmiya 15:21 Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:6; Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:11 Ezra 8:31 Tehillim 71:4 (cf. יָד 5 g, p. 391 supr.)
כַּף רַגְלָהּ, etc., = sole of foot, Breishis 8:9 (J), Yehoshua 3:13; Yehoshua 4:18 (both JE), Melachim Alef 5:17 Melachim Beis 19:24 = Yeshaya 37:25, Devarim 11:24; Devarim 28:56, Devarim 28:65 Yehoshua 1:3 (D), Yechezkel 43:7 Malachi 3:21; מִכַּף רַגְלוֹ וְעַד קָדְקֳדוֹ Shmuel Beis 14:25 Iyov 2:7, cf. Yeshaya 1:6 (fig.); מִדְרַךְ כ׳ ר׳ Devarim 2:5 treading-place for the sole of a foot; of the cherubim Yechezkel 1:7, of a calf, (in sim.) v Yechezkel 1:7, (according to MT; cf. however Co).
of various hollow, bending or bend objects:—
hollow (i.e. socket), of the thigh-joint, כ׳ יָרֵךְ Breishis 32:26(×2), Breishis 32:33(×2) (J).
hollow of sling, Shmuel Alef 25:29.
כַּפּוֹת תְּמָרִים Vayikra 23:40 = of huge hand-shaped branches (or fronds) of palm-trees.
כַּפּוֹת הַמַּנְעוּל Shir HaShirim 5:5 the (bent) handles of the bolt.
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כִּפָּה²
n.f. branch, frond (prob. of palm-tree, cf. כַּף 4 d);—כ׳ Yeshaya 9:13; Yeshaya 19:15 fig. of nobles, rulers (both opp. אַגְמוֹן rush, i.e. high and low; ‖ רֹאשׁ וְזָנָב); c. sf. כִּפָּתוֹ Iyov 15:32 (of wicked under fig. of palm-tree).
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כפר
(of foll.; orig. meaning dub., but perhaps cover, cf. Arabic كَفَرَ cover, hide; > RS who thinks of Aramaic כְּפַר, ܟܦܰܪ Pa. wash away, rub off, whence כֹּפֶר, כִּפֶּר of washing away, obliteration of sin: on orig. meaning cf. now DrHastDB Propitiation; also Assyrian kuppuru, purify (and deriv. takpirtu) ZimKAT 3, 601. MorgensternSin in Bab. Rel. (MVG, 1905, 3) 44, 122. NH כִּפֶּר, Aramaic כַּפֵּר and deriv.; Arabic كَفَّارَةٌ an expiation (see RSOTJC 1. 438; 2. 381 Kn on Vayikra 4:20 RiBegr. der Sühne WeComp 335 f. SmAT Rel. Gesch. 321 NowArch. ii, 192 Dr Dt 425 SchmollerSt. Kr. 1891, 205 ff. LagBN 230 ff.)).
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כֹּפֶר
n.m. the price of a life, a ransom (ποινή, wergeld);—כ׳ Shemos 21:30 + 10 times; sf. כָּפְרְךָ Yeshaya 43:3; כָּפְרוֹ Tehillim 49:8;—
a price for ransom of a life Iyov 33:24; Iyov 36:18; כ׳ עַל Shemos 21:30 (Covt. code; ‖ פִּדְיֹן נַפְשׁוֹ); כ׳ נפשׁ Mishlei 13:8; כ׳ לְ ransom for Mishlei 6:35; Mishlei 21:18; Bamidbar 35:31, Bamidbar 35:32 (P); כָּפְרוֹ his ransom Tehillim 49:8 (‖ פדה); כָּפְרְךָ thy ransom Yeshaya 43:3 (‖ תַּחְתֶּיךָ); כֹּ֫פֶר alone Shmuel Alef 12:3 Amos 5:12.
in the ritual of P כ׳ נַפְשׁוֹ Shemos 30:12 is a half shekel of the sanctuary paid by each male above twenty years at the census in order that there might be no plague upon them. It was offered to Yahweh, לְכַפֵּר על to atone for them.
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כִּפֻּרִים
n.pl.abstr. atonement, only in P: הַטַּאת הַכּ׳ sin-offering of the atonement Shemos 30:10; Bamidbar 29:11; יוֹם (ה)כ׳ day of (the) atonement Vayikra 23:27, Vayikra 23:28; Vayikra 25:9; אֵיל הַכּ׳ Bamidbar 5:8; עַל־הַכּ׳ Shemos 29:36; כֶּסֶף הכ׳ Shemos 30:16 money of atonement.
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כַּפֹּרֶת
n. propitiatory, late techn. word from כּפר cover over sin: the older explan. cover, lid has no justification in usage; 𝔊 ἱλαστήριον; only P: Shemos 25:17, Shemos 25:18, Shemos 25:19, Shemos 25:20(×2), Shemos 25:21, Shemos 25:22; Shemos 26:34; Shemos 30:6; Shemos 31:7; Shemos 35:12; Shemos 37:6, Shemos 37:7, Shemos 37:8, Shemos 37:9(×2); Shemos 39:35; Shemos 40:20 Vayikra 16:2(×2), Vayikra 16:13, Vayikra 16:14(×2), Vayikra 16:15(×2) Bamidbar 7:89, and Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:11; it was a slab of gold 2 ½ cubits × 1 ½ c. placed on top of the ark of the testimony. On it, and a part of it, were two golden cherubim facing each other, whose outstretched wings came together above and constituted the throne of Yahweh. When the high priest entered the Holy of Holies on the day of atonement it was necessary that this highest place of atonement should be enveloped in a cloud of incense. The blood of the sin-offering of the atonement was then sprinkled on the face of and seven times before it. The temple proper, as distinguished from porch etc., was called בֵּית הַכּ׳ Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:11.
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כפר²
(√ of following).
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כֹּ֫פֶר
n.m. pitch (Arabic كُفْرٌ (loan-wd., cf. Frä150), Syriac ܟܽܘܦܪܳܐ, 𝔗 כּוּפְרָא; Assyrian kupru, kupur DlHWB 348; cf. גֹּפֶר?)Breishis 6:14 (P).
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כָּפַר
vb.denom. (from ii. כֹּפֶר)—Pf. 2 ms. וְכָֽפַרְתָּ֫ בַּכֹּפֶר Breishis 6:14 and thou shalt pitch it with pitch (P).
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כפר³
(√ of following).
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כְּפִיר
n.m. young lion;—כ׳ Shoftim 14:5 + 16 times; pl. כְּפִרִים Yirmiya 2:15 + 3 times; כְּפִירִים Zecharia 11:3 + 7 times; sf. כְּפִירַיִךְ Nachum 2:14; כְּפִירֶיהָ Yechezkel 38:13 (Co reads כנעניה);—lit. כ׳ אֲרָיוֹת Shoftim 14:5 young lion of lions; Amos 3:4 Tehillim 17:12. It differs from whelp גּוּר Yechezkel 19:2, Yechezkel 19:3 as old enough to hunt its prey, Yirmiya 25:38; Yeshaya 11:6; Zecharia 11:3; Tehillim 104:21; in sim. of roar of hostile army Yeshaya 5:29 (‖ לָבִיא) cf. Yirmiya 51:38 (‖ גּוֹרֵי אריות); sim. of י׳’s invincible might Yeshaya 31:4 (‖ אַרְיֵה); of Isr. among the nations, Micha 5:7; of Assyrian princes Nachum 2:12; of prince of Isr. Yechezkel 19:5, Yechezkel 19:6; other cases are: ‖ לָבִיא Iyov 38:39; ‖ שַׁחַל Hoshea 5:14 Tehillim 91:13 Iyov 4:10; of bloodthirsty enemies Tehillim 34:11; Tehillim 35:17; Tehillim 58:7 Yirmiya 2:15; כ׳ גוים Yechezkel 32:2, of young warriors Nachum 2:14; Yechezkel 38:13 (?; v. Co supr.); righteous compared with, Mishlei 28:1; king’s wrath like roaring of, Mishlei 19:12; Mishlei 20:2; of one of faces of cherubim Yechezkel 41:19.
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כֹּפֶר²
n.[m.] village;—only sg. cstr. כֹּפֶר הַפְּרָזִי Shmuel Alef 6:18 villages of the peasantry.
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כְּפִירָה
n.pr.loc. city of the Hivites subsequently assigned to Benjamin., Yehoshua 9:17; Yehoshua 18:26 Ezra 2:25 = Nechemia 7:28; 𝔊 Κεφειρα, etc.; = mod. Kefîreh RobBR iii, 146 GuérinJud. i. 283 ff. Mem.iii. 36 BuhlG. § 94, p. 169.
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כְּפִירִים
Nechemia 6:2, prob. = foregoing (𝔊 al. n. appell. = villages).
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כפר⁴
(√ of foll., = dig? cf. Sab. כפר, vb. dig, n. cave, DHM Anzeiger d. Wiener Ak., phil.-hist. Cl., Dec. 17, 1884, quoted by EutNab 27; Nö ib. comp. also Ethiopic ከፈር basket, measure; Nab. כפר cave, sepulchre, synon. of קברא Nö in EutNab ib.)
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כְּפוֹר
n.m. bowl (NH id.; 𝔗 כְּפוֹרָא)bowl of gold or silver, used in the temple (late), כ׳ Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:17(×4); pl. cstr. כְּפוֹרֵי Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:17(×2) Ezra 1:10(×2); Ezra 8:27.
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כְּפוֹר²
n.m. hoar frost (NH id.)כ׳ Tehillim 147:16; כְּפֹר Shemos 16:14 (P), Iyov 38:29.
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כַּפְתּוֹר
n.m. 1. capital, 2. knob, bulb (2. perhaps earlier meaning; HoffmZAW iii. (1883), 124, comp. Syriac ܟܡܬܪܐ pear (LöwNo. 153), from shape);—
כַּפְתּוֹר Amos 9:1 capital of pillar; so pl. sf. כַּפְתֹּרֶיהָ Tzefania 2:14.
כַּפְתֹּר, knob or bulb, ornament on the golden lamp-stand in tabernacle; 𝔊 σφαιρωτήρ, Jos Archaeology iii. 6, 7 ῥοΐσκος, small pomegranate; 𝔙 sphaerula:—Shemos 25:33(×2), Shemos 25:35(×3) = Shemos 37:19(×2), Shemos 37:21(×3); sf. כַּפְתֹּרֶיהָ Shemos 25:31, Shemos 25:34 = Shemos 37:17, Shemos 37:20, כַּפְתֹּרֵיהֶם Shemos 25:36 = Shemos 37:22 (all P).
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כַּפְתּוֹר²
n.pr.terr prob. Crete, so Ew Kiep Di Gn 10:14 Gie Je 47:4 al.; cf. A. J. Evans Cretan Pictographs (1895), 100 ff.; (> 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 𝔗 Cappadocia, certainly wrong; Mich Cyprus; EbÄgM 127 ff. al. the coast of the Nile-Delta; WMMAs. Eu. 387 f. Philistines, originally pirates from SW. coast of Asia Minor, and the Ægean islands);—כַּפְתּוֹר Amos 9:7 (orig. home of Philistines), כַּפְתֹּר Devarim 2:23 (home of Caphtorim, v. infr.); שְׁאֵרִית אִי כַּפְתֹּר Yirmiya 47:4 the rest of the coast-land of Caphtor.—Vid. also כְּרֵתִי infr.
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כַּר
basket-saddle, v. sub כור.
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כַּר²
n.m. Tehillim 65:14 pasture (√ dub.; Thes der. from כַּר lamb (= lamb-pasturage); SchwallyZAW x. (1890) 186 from כרה, and comp. Assyrian kirû [which however = nursery of trees, grove DlHWB 353], Arabic كُرٌّ cistern; HomNS 100 from כרר q.v., orig. = round enclosure);—sg. only כַּר נִרְחָ֑ב Yeshaya 30:23 a roomy pasture; pl. כָּרִים Tehillim 37:20, לָֽבְשׁוּ כ׳ הַצֹּאן 65:14 the pastures are clothed with the sheep (> Schwally l.c. who tr. lambs Tehillim 37:20 after Aq 𝔖 𝔗, and 65:14, and underst. Yeshaya 30:23 of a def. pl.).—iii. כַּר lamb v. sub כרר.
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כֹּר
n.[m.] kōr, a measure (usually dry), = חֹמֶר (Yechezkel 45:14 cf. v Yechezkel 45:11) (NH כּוֹר, Aramaic כּוֹרָא, ܟܽܘܪܳܐ; hence, as loan-words, Gk. κόρος, Arabic كُرٌّ Frä 207; √ dub.; כרה, LagOr. ii. 30, cf. Id. BN 40, 156; כרר, Nö ZMG 1886, xl. 734; DlProl. 113 comp. Assyrian kâru, and der. from כור (but see now kâru DlHWB 349));—כ׳ סֹלֶת Melachim Alef 5:2; כ׳ קָ֑מַח v Melachim Alef 5:2; of חִטִּים v Melachim Alef 5:25 a; pl. כֹּרִים of ח׳ and שְׂעֹרִים Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:9(×2); Divrei HaYamim Beis 27:5; הַכֹּר as liquid measure (of oil) Yechezkel 45:14. See further BenzArch. 183 ff. NowArch. i. 203, and, on capacity, v. iii. חֹמֶר p. 330 f. supr.; in Melachim Alef 5:25 read בַּת שֶׁמֶן for MT כֹּר שׁ׳ (cf. 𝔊 and Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:9).
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כָּרָה
vb. dig (NH id.; Aramaic כְּרָא, Ethiopic ከረየ Arabic كَرَا (c. و and especially ى, Dozy ii. 461); Syriac ܟܪܳܐ is be short, cut off (i.e. rounded off ?), Arabic كُرَةٌ ball; 𝔗 כְּרֵי heap Dalm Gr 109; Syriac ܟܰܪܝܳܐ, Mish. כרי id.; Assyrian karê, large vessels for holding corn, etc., DlHWB 353, cf. kirû (dub.) Wkl Tel Am. Vocab.; Ba ZMG 1887, 615 conjectures be round as orig. √ meaning, and comp. Arabic كَرِيَتِ السَّاقُ the leg is round);—
Pf. 3 ms. כָּרָה Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:14 Tehillim 7:16; 2 ms. כָּרִיתָ Tehillim 40:7; 1 s. כָּרִיתִי Breishis 50:5; 3 pl. כָּרוּ Yirmiya 18:20 + 3 times; sf. כָּרוּהָ Bamidbar 21:18; Impf. 3 ms. יִכְרֶה Shemos 21:33; 3 mpl. וַיִּכְרוּ Breishis 26:25; Pt. כֹּרֶה Mishlei 16:27; Mishlei 26:27;—dig a grave, קֶבֶר Breishis 50:5 (J), cf. Divrei HaYamim Beis 16:14; a well, בְּאֵר Breishis 26:25 (J), Bamidbar 21:18 (song in JE); a pit, בּוֹר Shemos 21:33; fig. of plotting against others Tehillim 7:16; so sq. שׁוּחָה Yirmiya 18:20, Yirmiya 18:22, sq. שִׁיחָה Tehillim 57:7; Tehillim 119:85; sq. שַׁחַת Mishlei 26:27; hence כֹּרֶה רָעָה Mishlei 16:27 one digging a calamity; אָזְנַיִם כ׳ לִי Tehillim 40:7 ears hast thou dug (with allusion to the cavity of the ear) for me, thou hast given me the means of hearing and obeying thy will.—On Tehillim 22:17 v. II. כּוּר.
Impf. 3 ms. עַד יִכָּרֶה שַׁחַת Tehillim 94:13 until the pit be digged for the wicked, fig. of judgment.
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כָּרָה²
n.f. cistern (or well), only pl. cstr. in נְוֹת כְּרֹת רֹעִים Tzefania 2:6 pastures of (= with) wells of shepherds, but text dub.; כ׳ a gloss according to Kö ii. 176, (§ 94 a) Anm.; 𝔊 κρήτη; We (והיתה כרת נות רעים, as 𝔊) kereth = Philistia; v. further כְּרֵתִי; Böhme ZAW vii. 1887, 212 views כְּרֹת, plausibly, as erron. variant of preceding נְוֹת, so Schwally ib. x. 1890, 185, 186; Rothstein in KauAT.
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כָּרָה³
vb. get by trade, trade (NH כִּירָה act of buying, purchase (so ‘in den Küstenländern,’) LevyNWB ii. 323 f.); Arabic كَرَى let for hire);—only
Impf. 1 s. sf. וָאֶכְּרֶהָ Hoshea 3:2 (d. f. dirim., si vera l. punctat., Ges§ 20. 2, b; but cf. We); 3 mpl. יִכְרוּ Iyov 40:30; 2 mpl. תִּכְרוּ Devarim 2:6 Iyov 6:27;—get by trade, buy, c. acc. Hoshea 3:2 Devarim 2:6; sq. עַל־ trade in, make trade of Iyov 6:27; Iyov 40:30.
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כָּרָה⁴
vb. give a feast (lit. perhaps bring (guests), invite; cf. Assyrian karû, bring, kirêtu, feast, kireti iškun, he gave a feast, DlHWB 352);— only
Impf. c. acc. cogn., וַיִּכְרֶה לָהֶם כֵּרָה גְדוֹלָה Melachim Beis 6:23 and he gave a great feast for them (the context requires this sense, but text dubious, Nö ZMG 1886, 724, cf. Klo).
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כֵּרָה
n.f. a feast, Melachim Beis 6:23 (v. foregoing).
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כְּרוּב
n.pr.loc. in Babylonia Ezra 2:59; Nechemia 7:60.
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כְּרוּב²
n.m. cherub;—כ׳ Shemos 25:19 + 26 times; pl. כְּרוּבִים Tehillim 99:1 + 33 times; כְּרֻבִים Shemos 25:18 + 29 times; (NH id.; Aramaic כְּרוּבָא, ܟܪܽܘܒܳܐ; √ dub.; Assyrian karâbu = be gracious to, bless DlHWB 350, but adj. karûbu is great, mighty, Id. ib. 352; on poss. connex. with כְּרוּב cf. Dl in Baer Ezech. xiii.; Assyrian kirubu = šêdu (name of winged bull in Assyrian; v. LenOrigines i. 118, Eng. Tr. 126 DlPar 154) has not been verified, cf. v. F.ZA i. 68 f. Budge Expos. Apr. May, 1885 Teloni ZA vi. 124 ff.; the older view, connecting כ׳ with γρύψ, and deriving from Pers. giriften, griffen, lacks evidence and probability.—Possibly the thunder-cloud underlies the conception);—
the living chariot of the theophanic God; possibly identified with the storm-wind Tehillim 18:11 = Shmuel Beis 22:11 וַיִּרְכַּב עַל־כְּרוּב and he rode upon a cherub (‖ flew swiftly on the wings of the wind).
as the guards of the garden of Eden Breishis 3:24 (J).
as the throne of Yahweh Sabaoth, in phrase י׳ (צְבָאוֹת) יֹשֵׁב הַכְּרוּבִים Yahweh Sabaoth throned on the cherubim Shmuel Alef 4:4; Shmuel Beis 6:2 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 13:6; the context shews that the cherubim of the ark of the covenant are referred to, and it is probable that the same reference is in Melachim Beis 19:15 = Yeshaya 37:16, Tehillim 80:2; Tehillim 99:1.
P gives an account of:
two cherubim of solid gold upon the slab of gold of the כַּפֹּרֶת facing each other with wings outstretched above, so as to constitute a basis or throne on which the glory of Yahweh appeared, and from whence He spake Shemos 25:18-22; Shemos 37:7-9; Bamidbar 7:89;
numerous cherubim woven into the texture of the inner curtains of the tabernacle and the veils Shemos 26:1, Shemos 26:31; Shemos 36:8, Shemos 36:35.
K and Ch describe the cherubim of the temple:
two gigantic images of olive wood plated with gold, ten cubits high, standing in the דְּבִיר facing the door, whose wings, five cubits each, extended, two of them meeting in the middle of the room to constitute the throne, two of them extending to the walls Melachim Alef 6:23-28; Melachim Alef 8:6-7 Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:10-13; Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:7-8; Ch (doubtless influenced by Ez) represents them as the chariot of Yahweh Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:18;
images of cherubim were carved on the gold plated cedar planks which constituted the inner walls of the temple, and upon the olive wood doors Melachim Alef 6:29-35; Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:7; and on the bases of the portable lavers, interchanging with lions and oxen Melachim Alef 7:29-36; Ch also represents that they were woven in the veil of the דְּבִיר Divrei HaYamim Beis 3:14.
Ezekiel describes the cherubim:
as four living creatures, each with four faces, lion, ox, eagle, and man, having the figure and hands of men, and the feet of calves. Each has four wings, two of which are stretched upward, meeting above and sustaining the throne of Yahweh; two of them stretched downwards so as to cover the creatures themselves. The cherubim never turn but go straight forward, as do the wheels of the cherubic chariot, and they are full of eyes and are like burning coals of fire, Yechezkel 1:5-28; Yechezkel 9:3; Yechezkel 10:1-20; Yechezkel 11:22; the king of Tyre is scornfully compared with one of these, and is assigned a residence in Eden and the mountain of God Yechezkel 28:14, Yechezkel 28:16;
Ez knows of no cherubic statues in the new temple, but represents the inner walls of the temple as carved with alternating palm trees and cherubim, each with two faces, the lion looking on one side, the man on the other. It is evident that the number and the form of the cherubim vary in the representations (cf. Yechezkel 41:18-25). It is probable that the שְׂרָפִים of Yeshaya 6:2-6 are another form of the cherubim. The Apoc. of the seals Rev 4–6 combines them in four ζῷα.
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כְּרִית
n.pr.loc. and כְּרִיתוּת v. sub כרת.
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כַּרְכֹּב
n.[m.] border, rim, of altar (NH id.);—cstr. כ׳ הַמִּזְבֵּחַ Shemos 27:5; c. sf. כַּרְכֻּבּוֹ Shemos 38:4 (both P).
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כֶּרֶם
n.m. Devarim 28:30 (f. Yeshaya 27, Yeshaya 2) vineyard (NH id.; Aramaic כַּרְמָא, ܟܰܪܡܳܐ; Zinj. כרם DHMSendsch. 58; Arabic كَرْمٌ, كَرْمَةٌ vine; Ethiopic ክርም: ከርም: vine; Jen ZA vii. (1892), 217 comp. Assyrian karânu, vine;—etym. dub.; Thes al. comp. Arabic كَرُمَ noble, generous, fertile, but precarious);—abs. כ׳ Shemos 22:4 +, כָּ֑רֶם Breishis 9:20 +; cstr. כֶּ֫רֶם Melachim Alef 21:7 +; sf. כַּרְמִי Yeshaya 5:3 +, כַּרְמְךָ Shemos 23:11 +, etc.; pl. כְּרָמִים Yehoshua 24:13 +; cstr. כַּרְמֵי Amos 5:1 + 2 times; sf. כְּרָמֵנוּ Nechemia 5:3 + 3 times; כַּרְמֵיכֶם Amos 4:9 + 2 times, etc.;—vineyard Breishis 9:20 (J), Melachim Alef 21:1 + 9 times Melachim Alef 21, Shir HaShirim 2:15(×2) +; so even Shoftim 15:5 (where read כ׳ וזית; cf. GFM, who however doubts genuineness); + זַיִת Shemos 23:11 (E) and often (v. זית); + שָׂדֶה Shemos 22:4, Shemos 22:5 (E), and often; fig. of Isr. under י׳’s care Yeshaya 5:1, cf. Yeshaya 3:14 Yirmiya 12:10; fig. of Shulamite’s complexion Shir HaShirim 1:6, of her heart Shir HaShirim 8:12.—Vbs. governing כ׳ are:—נָטַע Breishis 9:20 Amos 5:11 + 16 times, cf. מַטָּעֵי כ׳ Micha 1:6; זָרַע Devarim 22:9 (c. 2 acc.); חִלֵּל = begin to use fruit of, Devarim 20:6(×2); Devarim 28:30 Yirmiya 31:5; זָמַר prune, Vayikra 25:3, Vayikra 25:4; בָּצַר gather, harvest (lit. cut off, i.e. grapes, Vayikra 25:5, Vayikra 25:11), Devarim 24:21; Shoftim 9:27, cf. לִקֵּשׁ Iyov 24:6; עוֹלֵל glean, Vayikra 19:10; Devarim 24:21; אָכַל Yehoshua 24:13 (usually ‘eat fruit of’ Yeshaya 65:21, etc.); locusts devour Amos 4:9 (si vera l.) On n.pr.loc. אָבֵל כְּרָמִים v. ii. אָבֵל 4; בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם v. p. 111 b.
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כַּרְמִי
n.pr.m.
a Judaite Yehoshua 7:1, Yehoshua 7:18 Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:7; so Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:1, but read perhaps כְּלֻבַי We (cf. Divrei HaYamim Alef 2:9)—𝔊 throughout χαρμ(ε)ι.
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כַּרְמִי²
adj.gent. of i. כַּרְמִי 1; only c. art. הַכּ׳, as subst. Bamidbar 26:6.
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כַּרְמֶל
n.m. Yeshaya 29:17 1. plantation, garden-land. 2. fruit, garden-growth (ל + כֶּרֶם, cf. Ges§ 85, 52 Sta§ 299);—abs. כ׳ Yeshaya 16:10 + 12 times; sf. כַּרְמִלּוֹ Yeshaya 10:18 + 2 times;—
garden-land, Yeshaya 16:10 (‖ כְּרָמִים), Yeshaya 10:18 (‖ יַעַר), Yeshaya 29:17(×2) (opp. לְבָנוֹן, יַעַר), Yeshaya 32:15(×2) (opp. מִדְבָּר, יַעַר), v Yeshaya 32:16 Yirmiya 4:26 (opp. מִדְבָּר), Yirmiya 48:33 Divrei HaYamim Beis 26:10 (opp. הֶהָרִים); אֶרֶץ הַכּ׳ Yirmiya 2:7 the country of garden-land, i.e. fertile; יַעַר כַּרְמִלּוֹ Melachim Beis 19:23 = Yeshaya 37:24, the garden-like forest of it (viz. of Lebanon). On Micha 7:14 v. ii. כַּרְמֶל.
by meton. (fresh) fruit, garden-growth, Melachim Beis 4:42 (+ לֶחֶם שְׂעוֹרִים); Vayikra 2:14 (+ אָבִיב קָלוּי בָּאֵשׁ, and גֶּרֶשׂ, q.v.), לֶחֶם וְקָלִי וכי Vayikra 23:14.
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כַּרְמֶל²
n.pr.mont. et urb. Carmel:—
mt.-promontory on Mediterranean, with fertile slopes, Tel el-Amarna (Ginti-)Kirmil, Jastrow JBL xi. 1892, 115; Yehoshua 19:26, הַר־הַכּ׳ Melachim Alef 18:19, Melachim Alef 18:20 Melachim Beis 2:25; Melachim Beis 4:25; רֹאשׁ הַכּ׳ Amos 1:2; Amos 9:3; Melachim Alef 18:42; c. art. also Yehoshua 12:22; and, + בָּשָׁן, Yirmiya 50:19, as pasturage (in fig. of Isr. as flock of י׳), cf. (כ׳ without art.) Micha 7:14 (less prob. rend. garden-land, i. כַּרְמֶל, so We GASm); הַכּ׳ Yeshaya 35:2 (+ הַלְּבָנוֹן, הַשָּׁרוֹן); כ׳ Yeshaya 33:9 (+ לְבָנוֹן, הַשָּׁרוֹן and בָּשָׁן, marking extent of land), Nachum 1:4 (+ לְבָנוֹן, בָּשָׁן); כְּכַרְמֶל בַּיָּם Yirmiya 46:18 (sim. of Nebuchad.); Shir HaShirim 7:6 רֹאשֵׁךְ עָלַיִךְ כַּכּ׳ (but v. כַּרְמִיל);—on Carmel v. GASmG. 337 ff. BuhlG. 23.
city, 3 h. S. of Hebron, כַּרְמֶל Yehoshua 15:55; בַּכּ׳ Shmuel Alef 25:2(×2), Shmuel Alef 25:7; כַּרְמֶ֫לָה v Shmuel Alef 25:5 (= to Carmel); הַכַּרְמֶ֫לָה Shmuel Alef 15:12; Shmuel Alef 25:40.—Mod. Kurmul, RobBR i. 492–498, ii. 97 BuhlG. 163.
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כָּרַע
bow down (NH id.; Aramaic כְּרַע; Arabic كَرَعَ put one’s mouth into water, or water-vessel; i.e. kneel to drink? denom. from foll.?);—Qal Pf. 3 m. כ׳ Breishis 49:6 + 6 times; 3 mpl. כָּֽרְעוּ Shoftim 7:6 + 4 times; Impf. יִכְרַע Shoftim 7:5 + 3 times; 1 s. וָאֶכְרְעָה Ezra 9:5; 3 mpl. יִכְרְעוּן Iyov 31:10; 2 mpl. תִּכְרָ֑עוּ Yeshaya 65:12; 1 pl. וְנִכְרָ֑עָה Tehillim 95:6 + 6 times Impf.; Inf. cstr. כְּרֹעַ Melachim Alef 8:54; Pt. כֹּרֵעַ Esther 3:5; pl. כֹּרְעִים Esther 3:2; f. כֹּרְעוֹת Iyov 4:4.—
bow על ברכים to drink Shoftim 7:5, Shoftim 7:6, in supplication to Elijah Melachim Beis 1:13; in the worship of God Melachim Alef 8:54; Ezra 9:5; c. ברכים subj. and ל of God Melachim Alef 19:18; Yeshaya 45:23; without ברכים c. לִפְנֵי Tehillim 22:30; Tehillim 72:9; ‖ השׁתחוה Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:3; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:29 Tehillim 95:6, worship of God, but Esther 3:2(×2), Esther 3:5 in obeisance to Haman.
bow down, of the couching lion Breishis 49:9; Bamidbar 24:9 (both poetry).
preg. c. על, bow down over (in order to lie with) a woman Iyov 31:10.
bow down, of a woman in childbirth Shmuel Alef 4:19, so of animals Iyov 39:3; idols, removed by enemies Yeshaya 46:1, Yeshaya 46:2; בִּרְכַּיִם כֹּרְעוֹת Iyov 4:4 tottering (feeble) knees; of enemies in death, כרע [ו]נפל bow and fall down Shoftim 5:27(×3) Tehillim 20:9, preg. without נפל Melachim Beis 9:24; Yeshaya 65:12, c. תַּחַת Yeshaya 10:4.—
Pf. 3 ms. הִכְרִיעַ Tehillim 78:31; 2 fs. sf. הִכְרַעְתִּנִי Shoftim 11:35; Impf. 2 ms. תַּכְרִיעַ Shmuel Beis 22:40 = Tehillim 18:40; Imv. sf. הַכְרִיעֵהוּ Tehillim 17:13; Inf. abs. הַכְרֵעַ Shoftim 11:35.—
cause to bow in grief Shoftim 11:35(×2).
cause to bow down in death Tehillim 17:13; Tehillim 78:31, c. תַּחַת Shmuel Beis 22:40 = Tehillim 18:40.
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כַּרְפַּס
n.m. cotton (or fine linen (loan-word from Sk. karpâsa, cotton, Pers. كَرْپَاس fine linen; hence also κάρπασος, carbasus, Arabic كِرْبَاسٌ, Talm כַּרְפְּסָא; cf. LagArm. Stud. § 1148);—חוּר כ׳ וּתְכֵלֶת Esther 1:6 (𝔊 καρπασίνοις): cf. CelsHierob. ii. 157 ff.
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כַּר³
n.[m.] he-lamb, battering-ram (Assyrian kirru, Zim in Schwally ZAW x. (1890), 186; perhaps lamb from dancing, skipping, gallopping in field; (battering-)ram as in Eng., from butting; cf. Arabic كَبْشٌ ram and buttress, Lane; also battering-ram cf. Dozy ii. 440);—sg. only Yeshaya 16:1 the lamb of the ruler (as tribute); elsewhere pl. כָּרִים Amos 6:4 Shmuel Alef 15:9; Melachim Beis 3:4; Yirmiya 51:40 (in sim.), Yechezkel 27:21; Yechezkel 39:18; חֵלֶב כ׳ Devarim 32:14 the fat of lambs; דַּם כ׳ וְעַתּוּדִים Yeshaya 34:6 the blood of lambs and goats; כָּרִים = battering-rams Yechezkel 4:2; Yechezkel 21:27(×2) (in v a Co reads שָׂרִים, cf. AV; MT RV as above).—Vid. also בֵּית כָּ֑ר p. 111 supr.
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כִּכָּר²
n.f. Breishis 13:10; Shemos 29:23; a round: hence 1. a round district. 2. a round loaf. 3. a round weight, talent (NH id.; loaf, weight, talent; Aramaic כַּכְּרָא, ܟܰܟܪܳܐ, talent; Tel Am. gaggaru kaspu Wkl No. 35, Rev. 14 Christ.-Pal.-Aramaic ܟܪܟܪܝܬܐ, of honey-comb SchwallyIdiot. 46; on format. v. Ba NB 204);—abs. כ׳ Breishis 13:12 +; cstr. כִּכַּר Shmuel Alef 2:36 +; du. כִּכְּרַיִם כֶּסֶף Melachim Alef 16:24; Melachim Beis 5:23, כִּכָּרָ֑יִם v Melachim Beis 5:23; pl. כִּכָּרִים Divrei HaYamim Alef 22:14(×2) + 7 times Chr; cstr. כִּכְּרֵי Melachim Beis 5:5 + 2 times Chr; כִּכְּרוֹת (loaves) Shoftim 8:5 Shmuel Alef 10:3;—
the round (or oval) especially of the Jordan valley, כִּכַּר הַיַּרְדֵּן Breishis 13:10, Breishis 13:11; Melachim Alef 7:46 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:17; abs. הַכִּכָּר Breishis 19:17, Breishis 19:25; Devarim 34:3; Shmuel Beis 18:23; אֶרֶץ הַכּ׳ Breishis 19:28; עָרֵי הַכּ׳ Breishis 13:12; Breishis 19:29, v. GASmG. 505 BuhlG. 112; district of Jerus., הַכּ׳ Nechemia 3:22, Nechemia 12:28.
loaf of bread (from round shape), כִּכַּר לָ֑חֶם Shmuel Alef 2:36; Mishlei 6:26, cf. Shemos 29:23; Yirmiya 37:21 Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:3; כִּכְּרוֹת לֶחֶם Shmuel Alef 10:3; Shoftim 8:5.
a weight (also from shape), כִּכַּר עֹפֶרֶת Zecharia 5:7 a weight of lead, serving as cover of an ephah.
a particular unit of weight, talent, usually of gold or silver:—כ׳ זָהָב Shmuel Beis 12:30; Melachim Alef 9:14 + 18 times; כ׳ כֶּסֶף Melachim Alef 20:39; Melachim Beis 5:5 + 21 times; but also of iron, בַּרְוֶל Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:7, and bronze נְחשֶׁת Shemos 38:29 Divrei HaYamim Alef 29:7.—The weight of the talent was 58.944 kilogr. (= 129.97 lbs.) according to older (Bab.) standard, later Breishis 49:11 kg. (= 108.29 lbs.) and less; v. BenzArch. 187 ff. 194 NowArch. i. 208 f..—See also שֶׁקֶל.
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כַּרְשְׁנָא
n.pr.m. a Pers. prince Esther 1:14.
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כָּרַת
vb. cut off, cut down (NH id.; Assyrian karâtu, ii. hew off Dl HWB 357);—
Pf. כ׳ Breishis 15:18 + 19 times; 2 ms. כָּרָ֑תָּ Devarim 20:20; 1 s. כָּרַתִּי Shemos 34:27 + 15 times; + 8 times Pf.; Impf. יִכְרֹת Iyov 40:28 + 21 times; 2 ms. תִּכְרָת־ Yeshaya 57:8; 1 s. אֶכְרוֹת Yeshaya 61:8; Shmuel Alef 11:2; אֶכְרְתָה Yeshaya 55:3; 3 mpl. יִכְרֹ֑תוּ Hoshea 12:2 Tehillim 83:6; 1 pl. נִכְרְתָה Breishis 26:28; Breishis 31:44; sf. נִכְרְתֶנּוּ Yirmiya 11:19; + 31 times Impf.; Imv. כְּרָת־ Shmuel Alef 11:1; כָּרְתָה Shmuel Beis 3:12; + 4 times Imv.; Inf. abs. כָּרֹת Hoshea 10:4; כָּרוֹת Nechemia 9:8; cstr. כְּרֹת Yirmiya 34:8 + 2 times; כְּרָת־ Yeshaya 44:14 + 2 times; כְּרוֹת Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:10; sf. כָּרְתִי Shmuel Alef 24:12; Pt. act. כֹּרֵת Shemos 34:10 + 3 times; + 3 times Pt. act.; pass. כָּרוּת Vayikra 22:24; cstr. כְּרוּת Devarim 23:2; pl. כְּרֻת[וֹ]ת Melachim Alef 7:12 + 3 times;—
cut off:
persons, c. acc. pers. מִן loc. Yirmiya 11:19; Yirmiya 50:16.
hew, timber Melachim Alef 5:20(×2) = Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:7, Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:15, Yeshaya 14:8; כֹּרְתֵי הָעֵצִים hewers of timber Divrei HaYamim Beis 2:9; כְּרֻת(וֹ)ת hewn beams Melachim Alef 6:36; Melachim Alef 7:2, Melachim Alef 7:12.
כ׳ בְּרִית cut, or make a covenant (because of the cutting up and distribution of the flesh of the victim for eating in the sacrifice of the covenants, see בְּרִית); הָעֵגֶל אֲשֶׁר כ׳ the calf which they cut Yirmiya 34:18 (referring to Breishis 15:10); עֲלֵי־זֶבַח Tehillim 50:5; abs. Breishis 21:27, Breishis 21:32; Breishis 31:44 (E) Shmuel Alef 18:3; Melachim Alef 5:26; Hoshea 10:4; c. אֶת with Breishis 15:18; Shemos 34:27; Devarim 31:16 (J) Devarim 5:3 Devarim 28:69(×2); Devarim 29:13 Shmuel Beis 3:12, Shmuel Beis 3:13, Shmuel Beis 3:21; Melachim Beis 17:15, Melachim Beis 17:35, Melachim Beis 17:38; Yeshaya 28:15; Yirmiya 11:10; Yirmiya 31:31, Yirmiya 31:32, Yirmiya 31:33; Yirmiya 34:8, Yirmiya 34:13; Yechezkel 17:13; Zecharia 11:10 Tehillim 105:9 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 16:16; c. עִם Breishis 26:28 (J) Shemos 24:8 (E) Devarim 4:23; Devarim 5:2; Devarim 9:9; Devarim 29:11, Devarim 29:24; Melachim Alef 8:21 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:11; Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:3 Nechemia 9:8; Hoshea 2:20; Hoshea 12:2; Iyov 40:28; בְּ׳ omitted Shmuel Alef 20:16; Shmuel Alef 22:8; Melachim Alef 8:9 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 5:10; c. לְ Shemos 23:32; Shemos 34:12, Shemos 34:15; Yehoshua 9:6, Yehoshua 9:7, Yehoshua 9:11, Yehoshua 9:15, Yehoshua 9:16; Yehoshua 24:25 (JE) Devarim 7:2; Shoftim 2:2; Shmuel Alef 11:1; Shmuel Beis 5:3; Melachim Alef 20:34 Melachim Beis 11:4; Divrei HaYamim Alef 11:3; Divrei HaYamim Beis 21:7; Divrei HaYamim Beis 29:10; Ezra 10:3; Yeshaya 55:3; Yeshaya 61:8; Yirmiya 32:40; Yirmiya 34:18; Yechezkel 34:25; Yechezkel 37:26; Iyov 31:1 Tehillim 89:4; בְּ׳ omitted Shmuel Alef 11:2; Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:18; נֶגֶד Shemos 34:10 (J); לִפְנֵי Shmuel Alef 23:18; Melachim Beis 23:3 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:31 Yirmiya 34:15; בֵּין וּבֵין Melachim Beis 11:17; Divrei HaYamim Beis 23:16; c. עַל against, Tehillim 83:6; אֲמָנָה is used for ברית Nechemia 10:1; and דָּבָר Chaggai 2:5.
וַתִּכְרָת־לָךְ מֵהֶם Yeshaya 57:8 is usually rendered as RV made for thee a covenant with them, with ellipsis of בּ׳ as above. But מִן is not used in such a construction. The clause is commonly regarded as corrupt by recent critics. Gr emends עִמָּהֶם for מֵהֶם, this is easiest and gives the usual construction; Du, followed by Buhl, reads וַתִּכְרִי after Hoshea 3:2.
Pf. 3 ms. נכרת Yoel 1:5 + 5 times; נִכְרָ֑ת Yoel 1:16 + 2 times; 3 fs. נִכְרְתָה Breishis 17:14 + 16 times; נִכְרָ֑תָה Tehillim 37:38; 2 ms. נִכְרַתָּ Ovadia 1:10; + 8 times Pf.; Impf. יִכָּרֵת Breishis 9:11 + 21 times; יִכָּֽרֶת־ Ovadia 1:9; 3 mpl. יִכָּֽרְתוּ Zecharia 13:8; יִכָּרֵת֑וּן Yehoshua 3:13 Tehillim 37:9; + 9 times Impf.; Inf. הִכָּרֵת Bamidbar 15:31 Tehillim 37:34.—
be cut off:
of things, froward tongue Mishlei 10:31; burden from a nail Yeshaya 22:25; chariots Zecharia 9:10; dwelling Tzefania 3:7.
of persons, the people of the land by a famine (בְּ) Breishis 41:36 (E); all flesh by waters of deluge (מִמֵּי) Breishis 9:11 (P); the anointed Daniel 9:26; enemies Yeshaya 11:13; Micha 5:8; the wicked Yeshaya 29:20; Hoshea 8:4; Nachum 2:1 Tehillim 37:9, Tehillim 37:22, Tehillim 37:28, Tehillim 37:34, Tehillim 37:38; Mishlei 2:22; others Ovadia 1:9, Ovadia 1:10 Tzefania 1:11; Zecharia 13:8; Zecharia 14:2.
in the technical phrases of H and P וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ ההיא that person shall be cut off (by death penalty) מֵעַמֶּיהָ Breishis 17:14 Vayikra 7:20, Vayikra 7:21, Vayikra 7:25, Vayikra 7:27; Bamidbar 9:13; Vayikra 19:8; מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל Shemos 12:15; Bamidbar 19:13; מֵעֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל Shemos 12:19; מִקֶּרֶב עַמֶּיהָ Shemos 31:14; Bamidbar 15:30 (עַמָּהּ); מִלְּפָנַי Vayikra 22:3; מִתּוֹךְ הַקָּהָל Bamidbar 19:20; similarly with variation of subject Shemos 30:33, Shemos 30:38; Vayikra 17:4, Vayikra 17:9; Vayikra 18:29; Vayikra 20:18; Vayikra 23:29, and with omission of word with מִן Vayikra 17:14; Vayikra 20:17; Bamidbar 15:31(×2).
be cut down, a tree Iyov 14:7.
be chewed between the teeth Bamidbar 11:33 (J).
be cut off, in a more general sense, fail: of waters Yehoshua 3:13, Yehoshua 3:16 (JE) Yehoshua 4:7(×2) (D); new wine Yoel 1:5; meat v Yoel 1:16; hope Mishlei 23:18; Mishlei 24:14; a name Yeshaya 48:19; Yeshaya 56:5; Rus 4:10; a sign Yeshaya 55:13; faithfulness Yirmiya 7:28; לֹא יִכָּרֵת לְ׳ אִישׁ there shall not fail thee a man Melachim Alef 2:4; Melachim Alef 8:25 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 6:16; Melachim Alef 9:5 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 7:18; Yirmiya 33:17; Yirmiya 33:18; Yirmiya 35:19; לא יכרת מן there shall not fail of Yehoshua 9:23 (J) Shmuel Beis 3:29.
Pf. כָּרַּת Yechezkel 16:4; 3 fs. כֹּרָ֑תָה Shoftim 6:28;—
be cut off, navel string Yechezkel 16:4.
be cut down, Asherah Shoftim 6:28.
Pf. הִכְרִית Shmuel Alef 28:9; Melachim Alef 11:16; 3 fs. הִכְרִיתָה Vayikra 26:22; 1 s. הִכְרַתִּי Yehoshua 23:4 + 32 times; + 4 times Pf.; Impf. יַכְרִית Devarim 12:29 + 2 times; juss. יַכְרֵת Tehillim 12:4 + 4 times; 1 s. וָֽאַכְרִ֫תָה Shmuel Beis 7:9; 1 pl. sf. וְנַכְרִיתֶנָּה Yirmiya 48:2; + 9 times Impf.; Inf. הַכְרִית Yirmiya 44:8 + 15 times; הַכְרִת Shmuel Alef 20:15; + sf. 2 times—
cut off, flattering lips Tehillim 12:4.
cut off, destroy the life of:
animals c. acc., cattle Vayikra 26:22 (H); c. acc. and מִן frogs Shemos 8:5 (J); horses Micha 5:9; Zecharia 9:10.
of men abs. Tehillim 109:13, by men, c. acc. enemies Shoftim 4:24; Shmuel Alef 24:22; Melachim Alef 11:16; Melachim Alef 14:14; Melachim Alef 18:4; Divrei HaYamim Beis 22:7; Yeshaya 10:7; Yechezkel 17:17 Ovadia 1:14; c. acc. and מִן enemies Yehoshua 11:21; Yirmiya 48:2; the wicked Tehillim 101:8; a clan Bamidbar 4:18 (P); young men by death Yirmiya 9:20; people by the sword Nachum 3:15; necromancers Shmuel Alef 28:9; the name Yehoshua 7:9.
of men, by God c. acc. (הַ)גּוֹיִם Devarim 19:1; Yehoshua 23:4 (D) Tzefania 3:6; various persons and things Yeshaya 48:9; Yirmiya 44:11; Yirmiya 51:62 Yechezkel 25:16; Yechezkel 30:15; Zecharia 9:6; c. acc. and מִן Yechezkel 25:7 Amos 1:5, Amos 1:8; Amos 2:3; מֵאֶרֶץ Nachum 2:14 Tehillim 34:17 = Tehillim 109:15; מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל Yeshaya 9:13; מִיַּד Micha 5:11; מִפָּנֶיךָ Devarim 12:29; Shmuel Beis 7:9 = Divrei HaYamim Alef 17:8; מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה Shmuel Alef 20:15; Melachim Alef 9:7; Tzefania 1:3; מִקֶּרֶב עַמּוֹ Vayikra 17:10; Vayikra 20:3, Vayikra 20:5, Vayikra 20:6 (H); מִתּוֹךְ עַמִּי Yechezkel 14:8; Ez says also הכ׳ מִןאָדָם וּבְהֵמָה Yechezkel 14:13, Yechezkel 14:17, Yechezkel 14:19, Yechezkel 14:21; Yechezkel 25:13; Yechezkel 29:8; צדיק ורשׁע Yechezkel 21:8, Yechezkel 21:9; עבר ושׁב Yechezkel 35:7; c. acc. and לְ, cut off, to, or from Yeshaya 14:22; Yirmiya 44:7, Yirmiya 44:8; Yirmiya 47:4; כ׳ לְ׳ מַשְׁתִּין בְּקִיר Melachim Alef 14:10; Melachim Alef 21:21; Melachim Beis 9:8; כ׳ ל׳ מעם מזבח Shmuel Alef 2:33; יַכְרֵת י׳ לָאִישׁ מֵאָֽהֳלֵי יַעֲקֹב Malachi 2:12 may Yahweh cut off to the man—from the tents of Jacob.
cut down, destroy, cities Micha 5:10, sun-pillars Vayikra 26:30 (H); and other things used in idolatry Nachum 1:14; Tzefania 1:4; מן הארץ Zecharia 13:2; מִקֶּרֶב Micha 5:12.
take away, חֶסֶד מֵעִם kindness from Shmuel Alef 20:15.
permit to perish, מֵהַבְּהֵמָה (some) of the cattle Melachim Alef 18:5.
Pf. הָכְרַת מִנְחָה וָנֶסֶךְ מִבֵּית י׳ Yoel 1:9.
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כְּרִיתוּת
n.f. divorcement;—כ׳ Yeshaya 50:1; כְּרִיתֻת Devarim 24:1, Devarim 24:3; pl. sf. כְּרִיתֻתֶיהָ Yirmiya 3:8; סֵפֶר כ׳ writing (i.e. deed) of divorcement, Devarim 24:1, Devarim 24:3; Yeshaya 50:1; Yirmiya 3:8.
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כְּרִית²
n.pr. the brook where Elijah was hidden Melachim Alef 17:3, Melachim Alef 17:5, identif. dub.; acc. RobBR ii. p. 288 Wady el-Kelt, near Jericho; acc. Buhl Handw. 12 Wady ʿAjlun, E. of Jordan, yet v. BuhlG. 121.
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כֶּשֶׂב כִּשְׂבָּה
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כֶּ֫שֶׂד
n.pr.m. son of Nahor according to Breishis 22:22 (J; perhaps orig. personif., or assumed ancestor, of following, v. Di DlPar 201).
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כַּשְׂדִּים
n.pr.gent. et terr. Kasdim = Chaldeans, Chaldea, 𝔊 Χαλδαῖοι and (Yirmiya 50:10) ἡ Χαλδαία (Assyrian (mat) Kaldu, Kaldû; from earlier (Bab.) form [Kašdu]—š before dental becoming l, DlPar 128 f. 200 f.; Assyrian Gr. § 51, 3; Schr KGF 94 ff.; COT on Breishis 11:28);—
Chaldeans:
people dwelling on lower Euphrates and Tigris; in n.pr.loc. אוּר כ׳ Breishis 11:28 (J), v Breishis 11:31 (P), Breishis 15:7 (J), Nechemia 9:7.
Chaldeans as learned class, skilled in interpretations Daniel 2:2 (+ חַרְטֻמִּים, אַשָּׁפִים, מְכַשְּׁפִים), v Daniel 2:4.
Chaldea, וְהָֽיְתָה כַּשְׂדִּים לְשָׁלָל Yirmiya 50:10 and Chaldea shall be despoiled; יוֹשְׁבֵי כ׳ Yirmiya 51:24, Yirmiya 51:35; כַּשְׂדִּים אֶרֶץ מוֹלַדְתָּם Yechezkel 23:15; c. ה loc.; כַּשְׂדִּ֫ימָה Yechezkel 11:24; Yechezkel 16:29; Yechezkel 23:16.
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כָּשָׂה
vb. be sated, gorged with food (cf. Arabic كَشِىَٔ be filled with food; Assyrian kissatum, sustenance, provender, food, Zehnpf BAS i, 503);—only
Pf. 2 ms. שָׁמַנְתָּ עָבִיתָ כָּשִׂיתָ Devarim 32:15 thou grewest fat, becamest thick, wast gorged! fig. of Isr. as fat beast (cf. Dr).
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כָּשַׁל
vb. stumble, stagger, totter (NH id.; Syriac [ܟܫܰܠ] give offence (occasion for stumbling), σκανδαλίζω, (chiefly Ethpe. Aph.), v. PS Brock Schwally; Arabic كَسِلَ is be heavy, sluggish);—
Pf. כ׳ Nechemia 4:4 +, (Hoshea 5:5 read יִכָּשֵׁל, cf. We), כָּֽשְׁלָה Yeshaya 3:8; Yeshaya 59:14; כָּֽשְׁלוּ Yirmiya 46:6 +, כָּשַׁלְנוּ Yeshaya 59:10, etc.; Impf. 3 mpl. יכשׁ֑ולו Mishlei 4:16 Kt (but read Hiph., q.v., so Qr); יכשׁלו Nachum 3:3 Kt (but read Pf. וְכָֽשְׁלוּ, so Qr); Inf. abs. כָּשׁוֹל Yeshaya 40:30 (c. Niph. Impf.); Pt. act. כּוֹשֵׁל Yeshaya 5:27 + 2 times, כֹּשֵׁל Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:15 Tehillim 105:37; fpl. כֹּשְׁלוֹת Yeshaya 35:3;—
stumble at, over, something, c. ב (lit. by means of), Nachum 3:3, גִּבּוֹר בְּגִבּוֹר כ׳ Yirmiya 46:12 (+ נָפַל), cf. Vayikra 26:37; וּנְעָרִים בָּעֵץ כ׳ Eicha 5:13 i.e. stagger (of toil in captivity); abs. Yeshaya 5:27 (‖ עָיֵף), כָּֽשְׁלוּ וְנָפָ֑לוּ Yirmiya 46:6, cf. הִרְבָּה כּוֹשֵׁ֑ל גַּס־נָפַל אישׁ וגו׳ v Yirmiya 46:16 (strange; Gie, foll. in part 𝔊 𝔖, עֶרְבְּךָ כָּשַׁל וְנָפַל thy mixed people—cf. Yirmiya 25:20, etc.—hath stumbled and hath fallen); often fig. of overthrow, through divine judgment, c. בְּ at, (v. supr.) Yirmiya 6:21, so Yeshaya 8:15 (+ נָפַל etc.) according to Ges Hi Buhl Che Di; < בָּם = among them,—Isr. and Judah,—as ב in v Yeshaya 8:16, so Ew De Du E.V; Hoshea 4:5(×2); Hoshea 5:5; Hoshea 14:2 (בַּעֲוֹנֶֽךָ, בְּ prob. instr.); abs. of Babylon, under fig. of זָדוֹן, כ׳ ונפל Yirmiya 50:32; כ׳ ונפל Tehillim 27:2 Yeshaya 3:8; Yeshaya 31:3 (both ‖ נפל); of אֱמֶת Yeshaya 59:14; Yeshaya 28:13 (+ אָחוֹר); of distress Yeshaya 59:10, Tehillim 107:12.
totter, of knees, lit. בִּרְכַּי כ׳ מִצּוֹם Tehillim 109:24 my knees totter from fasting; fig. Yeshaya 35:3 (‖ יָדַיִם רָפוֹת); כּוֹשֵׁל tottering one, lit. Iyov 4:4 Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:15 Tehillim 105:37; hence fig., fail, of strength (כֹּחַ), Nechemia 4:4 Tehillim 31:11;—Inf. abs. כָּשׁוֹל, v. sub Niph.
Pf. consec. וְנִכְשַׁל Daniel 11:19, וְנִכְשְׁלוּ v Daniel 11:33, וְנִכְשָׁ֑לוּ v Daniel 11:14; Impf. יִכָּשֵׁל Yechezkel 33:12 + Hoshea 5:5 (𝔊 as v a, so We; MT כָּשַׁל), 2 ms. תִּכָּשֵׁל Mishlei 4:12, יִכָּשְׁלוּ Hoshea 5:5 + 9 times; יִכָּשֵׁ֑לוּ Yeshaya 40:30 + 3 times; Inf. cstr. sf. בִּכָּֽשְׁלוֹ Mishlei 24:17 (yet v. Ges§ 51, R. 1), בְּהִכָּֽשְׁלָם Daniel 11:34; Pt. נִכְשָׁל Zecharia 12:8; pl. נִכְשָׁלִים Shmuel Alef 2:4;—
stumble (= Qal) Nachum 2:6; Yeshaya 63:13; Yirmiya 31:9; usually fig.:
of misfortune Mishlei 24:17 (‖ נפל), neg. Mishlei 4:12.
of divine judgment (c. בְּ at) Mishlei 4:19; Mishlei 24:16, neg. Yechezkel 33:12; see also Hoshea 14:10 (בְ loc.), Yirmiya 20:11 Daniel 11:14, Daniel 11:35, יִכָּֽשְׁלוּ וְיֹאבְדוּ מִפָּנֶיךָ Tehillim 9:4; be thrown to the ground, of nations, armies, etc., Hoshea 5:5 (c. בַּעֲוֹנָם, cf. Hoshea 14:2 Qal), Yirmiya 6:15 (‖ נפל), cf. Yirmiya 8:12 (‖ id.), Daniel 11:19 (+ נפל), v Daniel 11:33 (בְ instr.), v Daniel 11:34, Daniel 11:41.
be tottering, feeble, כָּשׁוֹל יִכָּשֵׁ֑לוּ Yeshaya 40:30 (opp. יַחֲלִיפוּ כֹחַ v Yeshaya 40:31); so pt. Shmuel Alef 2:4 Zecharia 12:8.
only apparent, תְּכַשְּׁלִי Yechezkel 36:14, read תְּשַׁכְּלִי with Qr Vrss E.V. Sm Co Da (v. alo Hiph. ad fin.).
Pf. הִכְשִׁיל Eicha 1:14, הִכְשַׁלְתֶּם Malachi 2:8; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַכְשִׁילְךָ Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:8; 2 fs. תַּכְשִׁלִי Yechezkel 36:15 (but del. 𝔊 Co; read תשׁכלי, as v Yechezkel 36:14 other Vrss Sm Da); 3 mpl. יַכְשִׁילוּ Mishlei 4:16 Qr (Kt v. sub Qal), וַיַּכְשִׁילֻהוּ Tehillim 64:9, וַיַּכְשִׁלוּם Yirmiya 18:15 (so 𝔗; Gie, after 𝔊 𝔖, וַיִּכְשְׁלוּ, [< וַיִּכָּֽשְׁלוּ]); Inf. cstr. הַכְשִׁיל Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:8, sf. הַכְשִׁילוֹ Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:23;—
cause to stumble, fig.:
= bring injury or ruin to, abs. Mishlei 4:16; of punishment Tehillim 64:9 (indef. subj.; si vera l.; text prob. corrupt, v. Che Bae).
= overthrow, of nation, army, etc., Divrei HaYamim Beis 25:8 (sq. לִפְנֵי אוֹיֵב), cf. v 8 (opp. עזר); cause overthrow Divrei HaYamim Beis 28:23.—On Yechezkel 36:15 v. supr.
morally, Yirmiya 18:15 (בְּ loc.), Malachi 2:8 (בְּ instr.)
make feeble, weak, הִכְשִׁיל כֹּחִי Eicha 1:14 (of God’s dealing with Jerus.)
only Pt. והיו מֻכְשָׁלִים לְפָנֶיךָ Yirmiya 18:23 either and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee, i.e. regard them as such (Hi Gf VB), or and let them be ones overthrown before thee (Gie; so Qr according to Gf). So also in Yechezkel 21:20 according to Co, cf. Sm Da (MT מִכְשֹׁלִים, v. מִכְשׁוֹל).
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כִּשָּׁלוֹן
n.[m.] a stumbling; fig. = calamity Mishlei 16:18.
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כִּשְׁרוֹן
n.[m.] skill, success;—
skill, בְּחָכְמָה וּבְדַעַת וּבְכִשְׁר֑וֹן Koheles 2:21; cstr. כָּל־כִּשְׁרוֹן הַמַּעֲשֶׂה Koheles 4:4 all skill of work = skilful work.
success, profit, וּמַה־כִּשְׁרוֹן לִבְעָלֶיהָ Koheles 5:10 and what profit have the owners of it?
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כָּתַב
vb. write (NH id.; Ph. כתב; Aramaic כְּתַב, ܟܬܰܒ; Nab. כתב, v. especially Nö in EutNab. p. 43; thence Arabic كَتَبَ, Ethiopic ክታብ: book, Di Lex. 852 (as loan-wds., Frä 249 DHM VOJ i (1887), 29); MV Buhl comp. Arabic كَتَبَ draw or sew together, conjoin (letters), etc., cf. Fl ZMG 1873, 427)
Pf. כ׳ Yehoshua 8:32 +, כָּתַבְתָּ Yirmiya 36:6 +, sf. וּכְתַבְתָּם consec. Devarim 6:9; Devarim 11:20, etc. (Pf. 27 times); Impf. יִכְתֹּב Yeshaya 44:5, וַיִּכְתֹּב Shemos 24:4 +, etc. (Impf. 39 times); Imv. כְּתֹב Yeshaya 8:1 + 5 times, כְּתָב־ Shemos 34:27 + 2 times; sf. כָּתְבָהּ Yeshaya 30:8, כָּתְבֵם Mishlei 3:3; Mishlei 7:3; pl. כִּתְבוּ Devarim 31:9 + 3 times; Inf. abs. כָּתוֹב Yirmiya 32:44; cstr. כְּתוֹב Tehillim 87:6, לִכְתֹּב Devarim 31:24 Yehoshua 18:8; sf. כָּתְבוֹ Yirmiya 45:1; Pt. act. כֹּתֵב Yirmiya 36:18, pl. כֹּתְבִים Yirmiya 32:12 Nechemia 10:1; pass. (113 times), כָּתוּב Yehoshua 1:8 +, f. כְּתוּבָה Shmuel Beis 1:18 +, pl. כְּתוּבִים Melachim Alef 15:7 +, כְּתֻבִים Melachim Alef 11:41 +; fpl. כְּתוּבוֹת Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:24;—
write:
c. acc., words Shemos 34:27, commandments Shemos 24:12, etc., acc. cogn. מכתב Shemos 39:30, cf. כַּמִּכְתָּב Devarim 10:4; with כְּ, giving purport of writing, also Esther 8:8; but obj. also a book, סֵפֶר Shemos 32:32 Devarim 24:1; מְגִלָּה Yirmiya 38:6, cf. pt. pass., וְהִיא כְּתוּבָה פָּנִים וְאָחוֹר Yechezkel 2:10 (of מגלה; i.e. written on both sides); a letter, סֵפֶר Shmuel Beis 11:14 Melachim Beis 10:1 + 4 times, אִגֶּרֶת Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:1; a divorce-certificate סֵפֶר כְּרִיתֻת Devarim 24:1, etc.; even לֻחֹת כְּתֻבִים tablets inscribed by the finger of God Shemos 31:18 cf. Devarim 9:10; ל׳ כ׳ מִשְּׁנֵי עֶבְרֵיהֶם Shemos 32:15 tables inscribed on both sides (cf. Yechezkel 2:10 supr.) Here belongs (prob.) וְזֶה יִכְתֹּב יָדוֹ לי׳ Yeshaya 44:5 and this one shall inscribe his hand, ‘Yahweh’s,’ so 𝔊 Hi Kn Che Br Du Di, > Ges Ew De, shall sign (with) his hand unto י׳.
more often write something on, or in (עַל־ 85 times, בְ 44 times, אֶל־ 3 times) a tablet, roll, book, etc. (obj. various, as above):—(1) כ׳ עַל־ sq. סֵפֶר = book Devarim 17:18 + 55 times, especially in phr. כתובים על־ספר דברי וגו׳ Melachim Alef 11:41 + often K Ch; כ׳ עַל־מְגִלָּה Yirmiya 36:2, Yirmiya 36:28, Yirmiya 36:32; Yirmiya 36:29; כ׳ עַל־לוּח(ות) Shemos 34:1 + 7 times, עַל־אֶבֶן Devarim 27:3 + 2 times, עַל־גִּלָּיוֹן Yeshaya 8:1; עַל־מְזֻזוֹת בַּיִת Devarim 6:9; Devarim 11:20; עַל־מַטֶּה on a rod Bamidbar 17:17, Bamidbar 17:18; עַל־עֵץ Yechezkel 37:16(×2), עַל־צִיץ (high priest’s plate) Shemos 39:30; even (only Ch) עַל־ sq. name of book or its contents:—כ׳ עַל־דִּבְרֵי נָתָן Divrei HaYamim Beis 9:29 cf. Divrei HaYamim Beis 33:19; עַל־מִדְרַשׁ וגו׳ Divrei HaYamim Beis 24:27; עַל־הַקִּינוֹת Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:25; fig., כ׳ עַל־לִבָּם Yirmiya 31:33 I will write them upon their heart; cf. כ׳ עַל־לוּחַ לִכֶּ֑ךָ Mishlei 3:3. (2) כ׳ אֶל־ appears for כ׳ עַל־ only Yirmiya 36:2 cf. Yechezkel 2:10, Yirmiya 51:60. (3) כ׳ בְּ sq. ספר = book Yehoshua 24:26 (E) + 35 times; = letter, bill, deed, Melachim Alef 21:9 + 5 times; בִּמְגִלַּת סֵפֶר כָּתוּב עָלָ֑י Tehillim 40:8 it is prescribed to me, על as Melachim Beis 22:13 (N. B. כ׳ על־ not used with סֵפֶר = letter, and כ׳ בְּ not used with לוּחַ, אבן or עֵץ).
other uses of prep. with כ׳ are:—בְּ instr., כ׳ בְּחֶרֶט אֱנוֹשׁ Yeshaya 8:1, כ׳ בְּעֵט בַּרְזֶל Yirmiya 17:1; כְּתֻבִים בְּאֶצְבַּע אֱלֹהִים Devarim 9:10 Shemos 31:18; כ׳ אֶל־ unto, of person to whom letter, etc., is addressed Shmuel Beis 11:14 Melachim Beis 10:6 Esther 9:23; עַל־ subst. for אֶל־ (late) Divrei HaYamim Beis 30:1 Ezra 4:7 Esther 8:8; the fuller construction is (אֶל־) כ׳ ספר וישׁלח Melachim Beis 10:1 Esther 8:10; Esther 9:20 +; כ׳ אֶל־ write down for the benefit or use of some one, Shoftim 8:14; לְ to or for, Devarim 17:18; Devarim 24:1 +; note especially אֶכְתָּו֯ב־לוֹ רֻבֵּו֯ תּוֹרָתִי Hoshea 8:12, i.e. either, I write (keep writing) for them ever so many (We, רֹב, cf. رُبّ; Ew and most רִבּוֹ(א) a myriad) of my directions, or ‘Though I write,’ ‘Were I to write,’ etc.; כ׳ sq. ל c. inf. of purpose Divrei HaYamim Beis 32:17 Esther 8:5; c. מִן in phr. כ׳ מִפִּי פ׳ write from the mouth of any one, i.e. from dictation, †Yirmiya 36:2, Yirmiya 36:32; Yirmiya 38:6, Yirmiya 38:17, Yirmiya 38:27; Yirmiya 45:1.
= write down, describe in writing, כ׳ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ Yehoshua 18:4, Yehoshua 18:6, Yehoshua 18:8(×2), Yehoshua 18:9.
= register, enroll Yeshaya 10:19 (= record the number), Divrei HaYamim Alef 24:6; especially pass. הַכְּתוּבִים Bamidbar 11:26 those enrolled cf. Nechemia 12:22; הַכּ׳ בְּשֵׁמוֹת Divrei HaYamim Alef 4:41 those recorded by name; in prediction, כ׳ אֶת־הָאִישׁ הַזֶּה עֲרִירִי Yirmiya 22:30 register this man as childless; with eschatol. reference, כַּל־הַכָּתוּב לַחַיִּים Yeshaya 4:3 all those enrolled (i.e. appointed) unto life; and, more explicitly, כָּל־הַנִּמְצָא כָּתוּב בַּסֵּפֶר Daniel 12:1; י׳ יִסְפֹּר בִּכְתוֹב עַמִּים Tehillim 87:6 י׳ shall reckon, when he registers (note absence of suffix) the peoples, etc.
= decree, תִּכְתֹּב עָלַי מְרֹרוֹת Iyov 13:26 thou (י׳) decreest against me bitter things.
(chiefly late, especially Est.), Impf. יִכָּתֵב Esther 1:19 +, 3 fs. תִּכָּ֫תֶב זֹאת Tehillim 102:19; 3 mpl. יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Yirmiya 17:13 + 3 times, יִכָּֽתְבוּן Iyov 19:23; Pt. נִכְתָּב Esther 3:12 + 2 times;—
be written, subj. words, Iyov 19:23, book Malachi 3:16; be written בְּסֵפֶר Esther 2:23; Esther 9:23, in, or among (ב) the laws Esther 1:19; once, c. עַל־, עַל־סִפְרְךָ כֻּלָּם יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Tehillim 139:16 in thy (י׳’s) book all of them (my members) are written, i.e. written down, recorded (v. infr.); abs. כְּתָב אֲשֶׁר נִכְתָּב בְּשֵׁם הַמֶּלֶךְ Esther 8:8 a writing which is written in the king’s name, cf. (impers.) Esther 3:12; impers. also וַיִּכָּתֵב כְּכָל־אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה Esther 3:12; Esther 8:9; יִכָּ׳ sq. לְ = for Tehillim 102:19; sq. לְ + inf. (really = a subject-cl.,—the contents of the letter) Esther 3:9; Esther 8:5.
be written down, recorded, Ezra 8:34; enrolled, בִּכְתָב בית ישׂראל לֹא יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Yechezkel 13:9 in the enrolment of the house of Israel they are not enrolled (eschatolog.); וְעִם־צַדִּיקִים אַל־יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Tehillim 69:29 (‖ חַיִּים יִמָּחוּ מִסֵּפֶר).—בָּאָרֶץ יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Yirmiya 17:13 is difficult; Gie reads, plausibly, מֵאֶרֶץ יִכָּרֵ֑תוּ (cf. Tehillim 34:17; Tehillim 101:8, etc.)
frequent., Pf. and Pt., only כִּתֵּ֑בוּ וּמְכַתְּבִים עָמָל Yeshaya 10:1 and busy writers that make a business of writing oppression (i.e. register unjust sentences, cf. Qal 4; ‖ הַחֹקֲקִים חִקֲקֵי־אָוֶן).
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כְּתָב
n.m. Ezra 4:7 writing (late Aramaic; Biblical Aramaic כְּתָב, Syriac ܟܬܳܒ);—כ׳ abs. Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:19 + 4 times; cstr. Yechezkel 13:9 + 4 times; sf. כְּתָבָהּ Esther 1:22 + 2 times; כְּתָבָם Ezra 2:62 + 3 times;—writing:
register, enrolment, Yechezkel 13:9 Ezra 2:62 = Nechemia 7:63.
= mode of writing, character, letter, וּכ׳ הַנִּשְׁתְּוָן כָּתוּב אֲרָמִית Ezra 4:7 and the writing of the document was written in Aramaic (characters; so prob., v. Be-Ry Ryle, cf. NH Hoffm ZAW i. (1881), 334 ff.); cf. Esther 1:22; Esther 3:12; Esther 8:9(×2).
of a royal enactment, edict Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:4 (‖ מִכְתָּב), Esther 3:14; Esther 8:8, Esther 8:13; more fully כְּתָב־הַדָּת Esther 4:8.
of a writing with divine authority Divrei HaYamim Alef 28:19; כ׳ אֱמֶת Daniel 10:21; i.e. a book of truth.
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כָּתִית
v. sub כתת.
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כֶּ֫תֶם
n.m. Eicha 4:1 gold, poet. and late (perhaps loan-word in Heb.; Ph. has n.pr.m. כתם; Sab. כתם HalEt.Sab. 190; kaθȧmā as loan-wd. in Egyptian, Bondi 80 f.);—כ׳ abs. Iyov 28:19 + 3 times, כָּ֑תֶם Mishlei 25:12; cstr. כֶּתֶם Yeshaya 13:12 + 3 times;—כ׳ אוֹפִיר Yeshaya 13:12 gold of Ophir (‖ פָּ֑ז), so Iyov 28:16 Tehillim 45:10; כ׳ אוּפָ֑ז Daniel 10:5 (read perhaps אוֹפִיר for אוּפָז q.v.); כ׳ alone Iyov 31:24 (‖ זָהָב), חֲלִי־כ׳ Mishlei 25:12 ornament of gold (‖ נֶזֶם זָהָב), כ׳ פָּ֑ז Shir HaShirim 5:11; כ׳ טָהוֹר Iyov 28:19; הַכּ׳ הַטּוֹב Eicha 4:1 (‖ זָהָב).
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כֻּתֹּ֫נֶת
n.f. tunic (NH id.; Aramaic כִּתּוּנָא, etc., ܟܽܘܬܻܝܢܳܐ, etc.; Ethiopic ክታን tunic, linen; cf. also √ supr.);—abs. כֻּתֹּנֶת Breishis 37:31 + 2 times; כְּתֹנֶת Shemos 28:39; cstr. כְּתֹנֶת Breishis 37:3 + 9 times; sf. כֻּתָּנְתּוֹ Breishis 37:23 Shmuel Beis 15:32, כֻּתָּנְתֶּ֑ךָ Yeshaya 22:21, כֻּתָּנְתִּי Iyov 30:18 Shir HaShirim 5:3; pl. abs. כֻּתֳּנֹת Shemos 28:40 + 3 times, הַכָּתְנֹת Shemos 39:27; cstr. כָּתְנוֹת Breishis 3:21 + 2 times, כָּתְנֹת Ezra 2:69; sf. כֻּתֳּנֹתָם Vayikra 10:5;—tunic, principal ordinary garment (v. BenzArch. 98 f. NowArch. i, 121, 193) of man and woman, worn next the person, כָּתְנֹת עוֹר Breishis 3:21 tunics of skin; of man Shmuel Beis 15:32; פִּי כ׳ Iyov 30:18 mouth of any tunic (i.e. its collar); כ׳ פַּסִּים Breishis 37:3, Breishis 37:23, Breishis 37:32 i.e. tunic with long skirts and sleeves (v. פַּס), cf. v Breishis 37:23, Breishis 37:31(×2), Breishis 37:32, Breishis 37:33; of woman Shir HaShirim 5:3 (put off at night); כ׳ פַּסִּים Shmuel Beis 13:18, Shmuel Beis 13:19 (of king’s daughter; rent, as sign of grief, cf. also Shmuel Beis 15:32, and v. קרע). Specif. of priest’s tunic Shemos 28:4, Shemos 28:39 (embroidered, v. שׁבץ, תַּשְׁבֵּץ), v Shemos 28:40; Shemos 29:5, Shemos 29:8; Shemos 39:27 (made of שֵׁשׁ, q.v.), Shemos 40:14 Vayikra 8:7, Vayikra 8:13; Vayikra 10:5; כּ׳־בַּד קֹדֶשׁ Vayikra 16:4 a holy linen tunic, of high priest; כ׳־כֹּהֲנִים Ezra 2:69 Nechemia 7:68, Nechemia 7:70 (van d. H. v Nechemia 7:69, Nechemia 7:71); of Shebna’s official tunic Yeshaya 22:21.
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כָּתֵף
n.f. Shemos 27:15 shoulder, shoulder-blade, side (NH id.; Aramaic כַּתְפָּא, ܟܰܬܦܳܐ; Arabic كَتِفٌ );—abs. כ׳ Zecharia 7:11 +; cstr. כֶּ֫תֶף Melachim Alef 6:8 +, app. כָּתֵף Yeshaya 11:14 (but regard as appos., or read כֶּתֶף); sf. כְּתֵפִי Iyov 31:22; כְּתֵפָם Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:15; pl. abs. כְּתֵפֹת Shemos 28:7 +, כְּתֵפוֹת Melachim Alef 7:30, Melachim Alef 7:34; cstr. כִּתְפֹת Shemos 28:12 +, כִּתְפוֹת Yechezkel 41:2 +; du. sf. כְּתֵפָיו Devarim 33:12 + 3 times, כְּתֵפֶיהָ Melachim Alef 7:34;—
of man, shoulder, shoulder-blade (while שְׁכֶם, q.v. = neck and shoulders), כִּידוֹן נְחשֶׁת בֵּין כְּתֵפָיו Shmuel Alef 17:6; cf. fig. of י׳’s dwelling between the shoulders of Benj. Devarim 33:12 (v. Dr); כְּתֵפִי מִשִּׁכְמָה תִפּוֹל Iyov 31:22 my shoulder-blade, from the shoulder let it fall; as support for burdens Shoftim 16:3 Yechezkel 12:6, Yechezkel 12:7, Yechezkel 12:12 Yeshaya 46:7; Yeshaya 49:22 (in fig.), Shemos 28:12 Bamidbar 7:9 (both P), Divrei HaYamim Alef 15:15 Divrei HaYamim Beis 35:3; cf. כָּל־כ׳ מְרוּטָה Yechezkel 29:18 every shoulder was rubbed bare (of Nebuch.’s soldiers chafed by armour and toil); as aim of bird of prey Yeshaya 11:14 (fig.); cf. shoulder of Moab Yechezkel 25:9 (fig., i.e. the side of M. exposed to invasion): Yechezkel 29:7 read prob. כַּף (𝔊 𝔖 Sm Co, cf. v a).
of beasts, Yeshaya 30:6 (carrying), Yechezkel 34:21 (thrusting, in fig.), כ׳ כֹרָ֑רֶת Zecharia 7:11 a refractory shoulder (refusing the yoke, fig.), so Nechemia 9:29; of choice meat Yechezkel 24:4 (‖ יָרֵךְ).
slope, side, of mountain, כֶּתֶף יָם־כִּנֶּרֶת Bamidbar 34:11, i.e. the mt.-slopes NE. of the lake, cf. Yehoshua 15:8, Yehoshua 15:10, Yehoshua 15:11; Yehoshua 18:12, Yehoshua 18:13, Yehoshua 18:16, Yehoshua 18:18, Yehoshua 18:19 (all P).
supports of the bases for the lavers beside the temple Melachim Alef 7:30(×2), Melachim Alef 7:34(×2).
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כָּתַר
vb. surround (in Pi.), (Aramaic כַּתַּר Pa., wait, hope for; ܟܰܬܰܪ Pa. wait, await, remain; i.e. perhaps surround expectantly, v. Iyov 36:2 infr.)
Pf. 3 pl. כִּתְּרוּ Shoftim 20:43 of surrounding an enemy; sf. כִּתְּרוּנִי Tehillim 22:13 (in fig.; ‖ סְבָבוּנִי); Imv. כַּתַּר־לִי Iyov 36:2 wait, I pray (as in Aramaic)
Impf. 3 mpl. בִּי יַכְתִּרוּ צַדִּיקִים Tehillim 142:8 dub., throw out crowns (Ges§ 53 g), i.e. appear with crowns (denom. from כֶּתֶר; but this very late—only in Est.); fig. for triumph, because of me; but Gr Che יִתְפָּֽאֲרוּ (v. I. פאר); יַכְתִּרוּ דָ֑עַת Mishlei 14:18 dub., Thes De al. throw out knowledge as a crown, make knowledge their crown (denom. from כֶּתֶר; but v. supr.), Now, encompass knowledge, i.e. posses it (‖ נָֽחֲלוּ); sense good, but meaning of כ׳ without ‖. Pt. מַכְתִּיר surrounding (as Pi.) Chavakuk 1:4 (c. acc. of enemy).
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כֶּ֫תֶר
n.m. crown ((perhaps Pers. loan-word Lag Ges. Abh. 207), NH id.; Aramaic כִּתְרָא; Arabic كَتْرٌ / كِتْرٌ the higher hump of a camel);—always cstr., in combin. כ׳ מַלְכוּת royal crown Esther 1:11; Esther 2:17 (both of queen), Esther 6:8 (of king).
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כֹּתֶ֫רֶת
n.f. capital of pillar (as surrounding, crowning its top?);—abs. כֹּתֶרֶת Melachim Alef 7:16(×2) + 10 times; הַכּוֹתֶרֶת Yirmiya 52:22.; pl. abs. כֹּתָרֹת Melachim Alef 7:16 + 7 times, כֹּתָרוֹת Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:12(×2), Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:13;—capitals of pillars יָכִין and בֹּעַז Melachim Alef 7:16(×3) + 12 times Melachim Alef 7 = Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:12(×2), Divrei HaYamim Beis 4:13; Melachim Beis 25:17(×3) = Yirmiya 52:22(×3).
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כָּתַת
vb. beat, crush by beating (NH id.; Aramaic כְּתַת);—
Pf. 1 s. וְכַתּוֹתִ֫י Tehillim 89:24; Impf. i s. וָאֶכֹּת Devarim 9:21; Imv. mpl. כֹּ֫תּוּ Yoel 4:10; Pt. pass. כָּתוּת Yeshaya 30:14 Vayikra 22:24;—
beat or crush fine, of a potter’s vessel Yeshaya 30:14, the golden calf Devarim 9:21 (+ טָחוֹן הֵיטֵב); a sacrificial victim Vayikra 22:24 (i.e. its testicles; + מָעוּךְ, נָתוּק, כָּרוּת); fig. of enemies Tehillim 89:24.
beat, hammer (ploughshares into swords, cf. Pi. 2) Yoel 4:10.
Pf. 3 ms. כִּתַּת Melachim Beis 18:4 Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:7; 3 mpl. וְכִּתְּתוּ consec. Yeshaya 2:4 + 2 times;—as Qal
beat or crush fine Melachim Beis 18:4 Divrei HaYamim Beis 34:7 (of images); fig. of devastating the land Zecharia 11:6.
beat, hammer (swords into ploughshares, cf. Qal 2) Yeshaya 2:4 = Micha 4:3.
Pf. 3 mpl. וְכֻתְּתוּ Divrei HaYamim Beis 15:6 and they were beaten in pieces, one nation against another.
Impf. 3 mpl. וַיַּכְּתוּ Devarim 1:44 beat in pieces an enemy, sf. וַיַּכּוּם וַיַּכְּתוּם Bamidbar 14:45.
Impf. 3 ms. וּשְׁאִיָּה יֻכַּת־שָׁ֑עַר Yeshaya 24:12 and to ruins is the gate crushed; 3 mpl. יֻכַּתּוּ Micha 1:7 (of idol-images); fig. of warriors Yirmiya 46:5; of frail man Iyov 4:20.
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כָּתִית²
adj. beaten;—only in combin. שֶׁמֶן כָּתִית beaten oil, i.e. oil made by beating or pounding the olives in a mortar; especially fine and costly (cf. Levy NHWB ii. 443 sub כָּתִית);—Melachim Alef 5:25 Shemos 29:40 Bamidbar 28:5; שֶׁמֶן זַיִת זָךְ כ׳ לַמָּאוֹר Shemos 27:20 pure beaten olive oil for the lamp = Vayikra 24:2 (Hex only P).
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