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BDB (original) — כ (230)

כָּה (Aramaic)
adv. here (BH כֹּה; 𝔗 Mand. כָּא; Chr-Pal. ܟܐ; Syriac with prefixes, as ܠܟܳܐ hither, ܐܰܝܟܳܐ where?);—Daniel 7:28 עַד־כָּה סוֹפָא דִי־מִלְּתָא hitherto (cf. Jeremiah 48:47; Jeremiah 51:64) is the end of the matter.
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כְּהַל (Aramaic)
vb. be able (𝔗 id.; Egyptian Aramaic, S-CPap. A 6, 8, 11 +; Ethiopic ክህለ cf. syn. יְכִל);—
Pt. act., usually sq. inf.: abs. כָּהֵל Daniel 2:26; Daniel 4:15 (inf. om.); pl. abs. כָּֽהֲלִין Daniel 5:8, Daniel 5:15.
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כָּהֵן (Aramaic)
n.m. priest (v. BH כהן);—emph. כָּהֲנָא Ezra 7:12, Ezra 7:21; pl. emph. -נַיָּא Ezra 6:9, Ezra 6:19, Ezra 6:18; Ezra 7:16, Ezra 7:24; sf. (of. Isr.) -נ֫וֹהִי v Ezra 7:13.
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כּ֫וֹרֶשׁ (Aramaic)
n.pr.m. Cyrus (BH id.);—Daniel 6:28; Ezra 5:13 + 6 times Ezr.
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כֹּל (Aramaic)
v. כלל.
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כֹּל² (Aramaic)
n.m. the whole, all (BH כֹּל);—emph. כֹּלָּא Daniel 2:40 +, cstr. כֹּל Daniel 2:12; Daniel 3:2 +, כָּל־ Daniel 2:8 +, sf. 3 mpl. כָּלְּהוֹן (so Palm. Lzb296 CookeNo. 117, Tariff ii b. 18) †Daniel 2:38; Daniel 7:19 (Qr f. כַּלְּהֵן);—
כֹּל חַכִּימֵי בָבֶל the whole of (= all) the wise men of B. Daniel 3:2, Daniel 3:3, Daniel 3:5, etc.; Daniel 6:2 כל־מלכותא the whole of the kingdom, v Daniel 6:4; c. sf. the whole of them Daniel 2:38; Daniel 7:19.
with a sg. noun, understood collectively, every, any, or with a neg. none (BH 1 b): Daniel 3:29 דִּי כָל־עַם אֻמָּה וְלִשָּׁן that every people, nation, and language, etc., Daniel 6:8 מִן־כָּל־אֱלָהּ of any god, Ezra 6:12 כָּל־מֶלֶךְ וְעַם; כל אנשׁ די every man who = whoever, Daniel 3:10; Daniel 5:7; Daniel 6:13 Ezra 6:11; Daniel 2:10 כל מלךלא שׁאל no king hath asked …, v Daniel 2:35 Daniel 4:6; Daniel 6:5, Daniel 6:24; so כָּל־דִּי (= Heb. כָּל־אְשֶׁר) whoever Daniel 6:8 Ezra 7:26, whatever v Ezra 7:23, בְּכָל־דִּי wherever Daniel 2:38 (cf. אֲשֶׁר 4 b γ).
emph. כֹּלָּא, used absolutely, as Heb. הַכֹּל (BH 2 b): Daniel 2:40 חָשֵׁל כֹּלָּא crushing all things, Daniel 4:9, Daniel 4:18 וּמָזוֹן לְכֹלָּא־בֵּהּ and food for all was in it, v Daniel 4:25 כֹּלָּא מְטָא all came upon N. (cf. הַכֹּל בָּא Joshua 21:43), Ezra 5:7 שְׁלָמָא כֹלָּא all peace (K§ 83 d; cf. in Heb. כֻּלּוֹ etc., after their noun: BH 1 d a).—For כָּל־קֳבֵל v. קֳבֵל.
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כֵּן (Aramaic)
adv. thus, as follows (BH כֵּן; 𝔗 כֵּן, Syriac ܟܶܢ );—usually c. אֲמַר (אָמַר, etc.; cf. Egyptian Aramaic CIS ii. 149 A 1, B–C 3 RÉS 492 B 5), Daniel 2:24 וְכֵן אֲמַר־לֵהּ, v Daniel 2:25 Daniel 4:11; Daniel 6:7; Daniel 7:5, Daniel 7:23 Ezra 5:3; Ezra 6:2 וְכֵן־כְּתִיב בְּגַוַּהּ.
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כְּנֵ֫מָא (Aramaic)
adv. accordingly, as follows (der. uncertain: NöGGA, 1884, 1021 Marti al. from כֵּן + indef. מָא, so somewhat, ungefähr so: v. older improb. view (as we should say, from כְּ and נֵימָא = נֵאמַר, cf. Talm. יֵימָא for יֵימַר) in Thes652): referring backwards, Ezra 6:13 כְּנֵמָאעֲבַדוּ did accordingly; referring forwards, Ezra 4:8 כְנֵמָא כְּתַבוּ … wrote a letter … as follows, Ezra 5:4 (read c. 𝔊 אֲמַרוּ; אֲמַרְנָא from v Ezra 5:9, MeyEntst. J. 26), v Ezra 5:9, Ezra 5:11.
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כָּרְסֵא (Aramaic)
(K§§ 11, 4 b) ε); 62) n.m. Daniel 7:9 throne;—cstr. כ׳ Daniel 5:20; sf. כָּרְסְיֵהּ Daniel 7:9; pl. abs. כָּרְסָוָן Daniel 7:9.
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כְּסַף (Aramaic)
n.m. Ezra 7:17 silver (v. BH);—abs. כ׳ Ezra 7:15 +, כְּסֲ֑ף Daniel 2:32; emph. כַּסְפָּא v Daniel 2:35 +;—
as money or its equivalent Ezra 7:17, v Ezra 7:15, Ezra 7:16, Ezra 7:18, Ezra 7:22.
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כְּעַן (Aramaic)
v. sub ענה.
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כָּרְסֵא² (Aramaic)
v. כסא.
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כְּתַב (Aramaic)
vb. write (v. BH);—
Pf. 3 ms. כ׳ Daniel 6:26 ל pers. + orat. rect., Daniel 7:1 acc. rei; 3 mpl. כְּתַ֫בוּ Ezra 4:8 acc. אִגְּרָה; 1 pl. נִכְתּוּב Ezra 5:10, acc. rei; Pt. act. abs. fs. כָּֽתְבָה Daniel 5:5, subj. יְדָא, fpl. כָּֽתְבָן v Daniel 5:5, subj. אֶצְבְּעָן. Peʿîl (WCG 224) Pf. 3 ms. כִּדְנָה כְּתִיב Ezra 5:7 thus (it) was written, so כֵּן כ׳ Ezra 6:2.
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כְּתָב (Aramaic)
n.m. Daniel 5:7 writing;—abs. כְּתָ֑ב Ezra 7:22 (Baer כְּתַב, but v. K§ 57 ad fin. Str); cstr. כ׳ Ezra 6:18; emph. כְּתָכָא Daniel 5:8 +, ה—ָ Daniel 5:7, Daniel 5:15;—
written requirement Ezra 6:18; Ezra 7:22.
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כְּתַל (Aramaic)
(K§ 54, 3 a) ε) and c)) n.[m.] wall (BH כֹּתֶל, √ כחל);—cstr. כ׳ Daniel 5:5; pl. emph. כֻּתְלַיָּא Ezra 5:8.
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כְּעַן² (Aramaic)
adv. now (so Egyptian Aramaic (CISii. 137 = CookeNo. 73 RÉS 361 B S-CPap. C 5); 𝔗, e.g. Numbers 22:4: עַן prob. a subst. from [עָנָה] the √ of עֵת (p. 773a), time; so כְּעַן lit. at (this) time = Heb. עַתָּה: K§ 67, 4);—Daniel 2:23 וּכְעַן הוֹדַעְתַּנִי, Daniel 3:15; Daniel 4:34; Daniel 5:12, Daniel 5:15, Daniel 5:16; Daniel 6:9; Ezra 4:13, Ezra 4:14, Ezra 4:21; Ezra 5:17; Ezra 6:6; עַד־כְּעַן until now Ezra 5:16 (so 𝔗 Genesis 18:22 +).
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כְּמוֹ
adv. and conj. like, as, when (lit. the like of what (viz.) …, a pleon. form of כְּ (v. מוֹ), and, like it, proposes a subst.: cf. Aramaic כְּמָא like Psalms 78:68 Levy, usually כְּמָא דְּ like as; ܐܰܟ݂ܡܳܐ (i.e. ܐܰܝܟ݂ ܡܳܐ) like what, like, usually sq. ܕ ? like as; Sam. ࠊࠌࠄ; Arabic كَمَا; Ethiopic ከመ kama, like as, DiGr § 63 a Sab. כמו ZMG 1883, 394)—used 1. (56 times) as an indep. word (except Genesis 19:15 Nehemiah 9:11, only in poetry); 2. as an equivalent for כְּ before sfs., always before light ones, and occasionally before heavy ones (v. כְּ ad init.):—
prep., as poet. syn. of כְּ, like, as, Exodus 15:5 they went down כמו־אבן like a stone (hence in prose Nehemiah 9:11), v Exodus 15:8 (Psalms 78:13), Isaiah 30:22; Isaiah 51:6 (v. כֵּן), Isaiah 26:17 כְּמוֹ הָרָה תַּקְרִיב לָלֶרֶת (see כְּ 1 c (2), on the constr.: so Isaiah 41:25 Psalms 58:5, Psalms 58:8. Psalms 58:9), v Isaiah 26:18 we have brought forth the like of, as it were, wind, Jeremiah 13;Jeremiah 21; Jeremiah 15:18; Jeremiah 50:26 Ezekiel 16:57 (כמו עת as at the time of: v. כְּ Note), Hosea 7:4; Hosea 8:12; Hosea 13:7 Habakkuk 3:14 (as it were), Zechariah 9:15; Zechariah 10:2, Zechariah 10:7 (as with wine: v. ib.) Elsewhere chiefly in ψψ (19 times) and Jb (11 times), as Psalms 29:6; Psalms 61:7; Psalms 63:6; Psalms 78:69; Psalms 79:5; Psalms 88:6; Psalms 90:9, Job 6:15; Job 10:22(×2); Job 12:3 כמו אלה the like of these things, Job 14:9 Song of Songs 6:10; Song of Songs 7:2 Lamentations 4:6 כמו רגע (in prose כרגע). Repeated, like כְּכְּ, †Psalms 58:10 and answered by כֵּן Isaiah 26:17.—Psalms 58:8 b כמו יתמוללו, as it were is against usage of כמו (with a vb.), and yields a lame sense: read perhaps ית׳ [חָצִיר] כמו (Lag Che); Psalms 73:15 if I said, אֲסַפְּרָה כְמ֑וֹ, the text is untranslateable, the rendering thus for כמו being indefensible: prob. הֵנָּה has dropped out before the following הִנֵּה: for כְּמוֹ הֵנָּה the like of these things, cf. Job 23:14 כָּהֵנָּה, and Job 12:3 supr.
conj. = כַּאֲשֶׁר: (α) of time, once, †Genesis 19:15 כְּמוֹ עָלָה הַשַּׁחַר when the dawn arose; (β) of mode, according as, †Zechariah 10:8 וְרָבוּ כְּמוֹ רָבוּ Proverbs 23:7 (answered by כֵּן).—
(before sfs.), see כְּ.
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כָּאֶה
adj. cowed, Psalms 10:10 Qr חֵל בָּאִים; host of cowed ones, but read Kt חלכאים; v. p. 319.
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כּוֹכָב
n.m. Genesis 15:5 star (NH id.; Aramaic כּוֹכְבָא, כּוֹכַבְתָּא, ܟܰܘܟܒܳܐ, ܟܰܘܟܰܒܬܳܐ, fem. form specifically of planet Venus, v. also WeSkizzen iii. 36, 38; Arabic كَوْكَبٌ gen. of single stars and prob. Aramaic loan-word, WeSkizzen iii. 173; Ethiopic ኮከብ; prob. for כבכב v. Mahri kubkob, kobkîb, etc., Maltzan ZMG 1873, 227 and Assyrian kakkabu Dl HWB 336; Pun. κακαβουμ (Dioscorides), name of a plant, prob. from shape of seed-cup, BlauZMG xxvii, 1873, 529; on formation cf. NöM § 109 BaNB§ 138. 1)כ׳ abs. Numbers 24:17; cstr. כּוֹכַב Amos 5:26; pl. כּוֹכָבִים Genesis 1:16 + 19 times; cstr. כּוֹכְבֵי (כֹּכְבֵי) Genesis 22:17 + 13 times; כֹּכְבֵיהֶם Ezekiel 32:7;—sg. only כ׳ אֱלֹהֵיכֶם Amos 5:26 (where, however, כ׳ is prob. a gloss, so GFM Dec. 19, 1890, and now We; v. further כִּיּוּן), and כ׳ מִיַּעֲקֹב Numbers 24:17 (JE; ‖ שֵׁבֶט בישׂראל, metaph. of future ruler); elsewhere pl. stars, ‖ sun and moon (cf. also infr.) Genesis 1:16 (P) Psalms 136:9 (to rule the night, cf. Genesis 1:16), Jeremiah 31:35 Genesis 37:9 (E), Joseph’s dream (אַחַד עָשָׂר כ׳ = Genesis 37:11 brethren); Deuteronomy 4:19 obj. of idol. worship (cf. infr.); observed in augury הַחֹזִים בַּכּ׳ Isaiah 47:13 (of Babylon); Ecclesiastes 12:2 (‖ (also) light; fig. of brightness of youth); ‖ sun Job 9:7; ‖ moon Psalms 8:4; sign of evening Nehemiah 4:15 (מֵעֲלוֹת הַשַּׁחַר עַד צֵאת הַכּ׳) cf. כּוֹכְבֵּי נִשְׁכּוֹ Job 3:9 (appar. sign of dawn); numbered by God Psalms 147:4; sim. of abundant posterity, Genesis 15:5; Genesis 22:17; Genesis 26:4 Exodus 32:13 (all JE); of Isr. Deuteronomy 1:10; Deuteronomy 10:22; Deuteronomy 28:62 I Chronicles 27:32 Nehemiah 9:23; of number of merchants of Nineveh Nahum 3:16; as lofty, Job 22:12; so in fig. of haughty nations Obadiah 1:4 is Job 14:13; cf. symbolic vision of Dn (‖ צָבָא, צְבָא הַשָּׁמַיִם) Daniel 8:10; sim. of brightness of righteous Daniel 12:3; not pure (זַכּוּ) before God Job 25:5 (‖ moon); darkened in Yahweh’s judgment Joel 2:10; Joel 4:15 Ezekiel 32:7 (‖ sun and moon; so) Isaiah 13:10 (‖ also כְּסִילֵיהֶם); personified: as fighting Judges 5:20; shouting Job 38:7 (בְּרָן־יַחַד כּוֹכְבֵי בֹקֶר, ‖ בְּנֵי אֱלֹהִים); praising Psalms 148:3 (כּוֹכְבֵי אוֹר, ‖ sun and moon).—On stars in Arabic mythol. v. WeSkizzen iii.173 f.
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כָּבֵד
vb. be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured (NH Pi. honour, and deriv., כֹּבֶד weight; Ph. n.pr.f. כבדת = honoured one, and in cpd. n.pr.; Ethiopic ከብደ be heavy, etc.; Assyrian kabâdu or kabâtu, grow or be heavy, DlHWB; cf. Arabic كَبَدٌ difficulty, distress; كَبَدَ iii. struggle with difficulties, etc.; Zinj. כבדו honour, DHMSendsch. 58; Sab. כבודת gifts of honour, = Heb. נדבה freewill offering DHMZMG 1883, 341 f.)
Pf. כ׳ Isaiah 24:20; 3 fs. כָּֽבְדָה Genesis 18:20 + 4 times; כָּבֵ֑דָה Judges 20:34; 3 mpl. כָּֽבְדוּ Genesis 48:10; Impf. יִכְבָּד Exodus 9:7 Isaiah 66:5; יִכְבָּ֑ד Job 6:3; Job 33:7 + 10 times Impf. (כָּבֵד Genesis 12:10 + is given as 3 m. Pf. by some; but it is prob. taken better as adj. SS make כָּבֵד Psalms 38:5 inf. abs.; < Thes adj.).—
be heavy, in weight, of misfortune, heavier than sand Job 6:3; of God’s hand in punishment I Samuel 5:11, with אֶל I Samuel 5:6; עַל Psalms 32:4; of man’s hand in war Judges 1:35; יָדִי כָּֽבְדָה עַל־אַנְחָתִי my hand is heavy upon my groaning Job 23:3 is explained by 𝔗 Hrz Schlottm as hand smiting me; but read rather with 𝔊 𝔖 Ew De Reu Di יָדוֹ of God’s hand; of pressure אַכְפִּי Job 33:7 (𝔊 כַּפִּי); = vehement, sore, of battle Judges 20:34; c. אֶל I Samuel 31:3 = עַל I Chronicles 10:3; burdensome, grievous; וְלֹא נִכְבַּד עָלֶי֑ךָ lest we be burdensome unto thee II Samuel 13:25; of work laid upon one, bondage, with עַל Exodus 5:9 (JE) Nehemiah 5:18; of sin conceived as a burden Genesis 18:20 (J), iniquities Psalms 38:5; transgressions, with עַל Isaiah 24:20.
heavy, insensible, dull, of the eyes, so as to be unable to see Genesis 48:10 (JE); of the ears Isaiah 59:1; of the לֵב, hard, insensible Exodus 9:7 (J; P and E’s syn. is חָזַק, q.v.)
be honoured (cf. βαρύς) of a man Job 14:21 (opp. יצערו: cf. Hiph. 3), of Tyre Ezekiel 27:25, of Yahweh Isaiah 66:5.
Pf. נִכְבַּד II Samuel 6:20, נִכְבָּ֔ר II Samuel 23:19, II Samuel 23:23 I Chronicles 11:21; נִכְבַּדְתָּ Isaiah 43:4; + 2 times Pf.; Impf. אֶכָּבֵד Leviticus 10:3 Isaiah 49:5; אִכָּֽבְדָה Exodus 14:4, Exodus 14:17; אִכָּבֵ֑דָה II Samuel 6:22; אִכָּֽבְדָ֯ Haggai 1:8; Imv. הִכָּבֵד II Kings 14:10; Inf. הִכָּֽבְדִי Exodus 14:18 Ezekiel 39:13; Pt. נִכְבָּד Genesis 34:19 + 6 times; pl. נִכְבָּדִים Numbers 22:15; cstr. נִכְבַּדֵּי Isaiah 23:8, Isaiah 23:9 Proverbs 8:24; נִכְבַּדֶּיהָ Nahum 3:10; נִכְבְּדֵיהֶם Psalms 149:8; Pl. f. נִכְבָּדוֹת Psalms 87:3
pass.
be made heavy from abundance, מַעְיָנוֹת נִכְבַּדֵּי־מָ֑יִם fountains abounding in water Proverbs 8:24.
be honoured, enjoy honour, of man I Samuel 9:6; I Samuel 22:14; II Samuel 6:20, II Samuel 6:22; II Samuel 23:19 = I Chronicles 11:21, II Samuel 23:23; II Kings 14:10; Isaiah 43:4; Isaiah 49:5; I Chronicles 4:9 וַיְהִי נִכְבָּד, I Chronicles 11:25 נִכְבָּד הוּא (altered from II Samuel 23:23); but more frequent in pt. as subst. honourable, honoured, distinguished man Genesis 34:19 Numbers 22:15 (JE) Isaiah 3:5; Isaiah 23:8, Isaiah 23:9; Nahum 3:10; Psalms 149:8; נִכְבָּדוֹת Psalms 87:3 glorious things; הַשֵּׁם הַנִּכְבָּד וְהַנּוֹרָא Deuteronomy 28:58 the glorious and awe-inspiring name (of Yahweh).
medial, get oneself glory (or honour), of God Isaiah 26:15; Ezekiel 28:22; Ezekiel 39:13; Haggai 1:8; with בְּ in or by any one Exodus 14:4, Exodus 14:17, Exodus 14:18 (P); עַל־פְּנֵי Leviticus 10:3 (P).
Pf. 2 m. sf. כִּבַּדְתָּ֫נִי Isaiah 43:23; 3 mpl. כִּבְּדוּ I Samuel 6:6; + 3 times Pf.; Impf. יְכַבֵּד Malachi 1:6 + 3 times; sf. יְכַבְּדָ֑נְנִי Psalms 50:23; 3fs. sf. תְּכַבְּדֵנִי Isaiah 43:20; אֲכַבְּדָה Psalms 86:12; + 12 times Impf.; Imv. כַּבֵּד Exodus 20:12 + 2 times; + 3 times Imv.; Inf. abs. כַּבֵּד Numbers 22:17; + 2 times Inf.; Pt. מְכַבֵּד II Samuel 10:3; + 4 times Pt.;—
make heavy, insensible (cf. Qal 2) the לב(ב) I Samuel 6:6(×2).
make honourable, honour, glorify, usually c. human subj.:
human obj., parents Exodus 20:12 = Deuteronomy 5:16 (Dec.), Malachi 1:6; Balaam Numbers 22:17(×2), Numbers 22:37; Numbers 24:11(×2) (JE); sons of Eli I Samuel 2:29; Saul I Samuel 15:30; Nahash II Samuel 10:3 = I Chronicles 19:3; Jerusalem Lamentations 1:8; more gen. Psalms 15:4; subj. God I Samuel 2:30 b Psalms 91:15, cf. Proverbs 4:8.
obj. things, sacred place Isaiah 6:13 (God subj.); the Sabbath Isaiah 58:13.
God obj. I Samuel 2:30 a Isaiah 24:15; Isaiah 25:3; Isaiah 43:20 Psalms 22:24; Psalms 50:15, Psalms 50:23 Proverbs 14:31; + acc. rei זבחיך Isaiah 43:23; + בְּ instr. (lips) Isaiah 29:13; + מִן (מֵהוֶֹנ֑ךָ) Proverbs 3:9; obj. the name of י׳, c. acc. Psalms 86:12; c. לְ Psalms 86:9; obj. the מַלְאַךְ י׳ Judges 13:17.
subj. indef. (si vera l.), obj. God and man Judges 9:9 (of olive; on text, especially בּוֹ for בִּי, v. GFM).
obj. a heathen god לֶאֱלֹהַּ Daniel 11:38(×2).
be made honourable, honoured. Impf. יְכֻבָּ֑ד Proverbs 13:18; Proverbs 27:18; Pt. מְכֻבָּד Isaiah 58:13.
Pf. הִכְבִּיד Lamentations 3:7 + 5 times; Lamentations 3:2 הִכְבַּדְתְּ Isaiah 47:6; + 4 times Pf.; Impf. וַיַּכְבֵּד Exodus 8:28; Exodus 9:34; Imv. הַכְבֵּד Isaiah 6:10; Infin. abs. הַכְבֵּד Exodus 8:11; cstr. הַכְבִּיד II Chronicles 25:19; Pt. מַכְבִּיד Habakkuk 2:6.—
make heavy, a yoke I Kings 12:10, I Kings 12:14 = II Chronicles 10:10, II Chronicles 10:14, Isaiah 47:6; ellipt. with עַל Nehemiah 5:15; a chain Lamentations 3:7; pledges, with עַל Habakkuk 2:6.
make heavy, dull, unresponsive, the ears Isaiah 6:10 Zechariah 7:11; the לֵב Exodus 8:11, Exodus 8:28; Exodus 9:34; Exodus 10:1 (J).
cause to be honoured, of depopulated districts of NE. Israel, Isaiah 8:23, of restored nation Jeremiah 30:19 (‖ לא יצערו); shew or display honour, II Chronicles 25:19 לְהַכְבִּיד (in ‖ II Kings 14:10 הִכָּבֵד).
Imv. הִתְכַּבֵּד Nahum 3:15; f. הִתְכַּבְּדִי Nahum 3:15; Pt. מִתְכַּבֵּד Proverbs 12:9;—
make oneself heavy, dense, numerous (cf. כָּבֵד 1 b) as locusts Nahum 3:15(×2).
honour oneself Proverbs 12:9.
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כָּבֵד²
adj. heavy;—כ׳ Genesis 41:31 + 34 times; cstr. כְּבַד Exodus 4:10(×2); כֶּ֫בֶד Isaiah 1:4; pl. כְּבֵדִים Exodus 17:12; cstr. כִּבְדֵי Ezekiel 3:5, Ezekiel 3:6;—
heavy, a burden Psalms 38:5; hands (weary of holding up) Exodus 17:12 (E), hair of head II Samuel 14:26, a corpulent old man I Samuel 4:18; עַם כֶבֶד עָוֹן Isaiah 1:4 a people heavy with (the burden of) iniquity; a cloud charged with rain Exodus 19:16 (E); a rock of large size Isaiah 32:2; oppressive, grievous, burdensome, a yoke I Kings 12:4, I Kings 12:11 = II Chronicles 10:4, II Chronicles 10:11; a famine Genesis 12:10; Genesis 41:31; Genesis 43:1; Genesis 47:4, Genesis 47:13 (J); the vexation (כַּעַם) of a fool Proverbs 27:3; vehement, sore, of a mourning Genesis 50:11 (J).
massive, abundant, numerous, of a people עַם Numbers 20:20 (J) I Kings 3:9; army חיל II Kings 6:14; II Kings 18:17 = Isaiah 36:2; insect swarm Exodus 8:20 (J).
heavy, dull of speech and tongue Exodus 4:10(×2) (JE); of the לֵב, hard Exodus 7:14 (J).
burdensome, of a thing Exodus 18:18 (E) people Numbers 11:14 (J); of a people to be understood Ezekiel 3:5, Ezekiel 3:6.
in the usage of J כָּבֵד מְאֹד is frequent:
very oppressive, grievous, of hail Exodus 9 Exodus 18:24; murrian Exodus 9:3; lamentation Genesis 50:10.
very numerous, cattle Exodus 12:38; army, מַחֲנֶה Genesis 50:9; locusts Exodus 10:14; so חַיִל I Kings 10:2 = II Chronicles 9:1.
very rich, במקנה in cattle Genesis 13:2.
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כָּבֵד³
n.[f. Genesis 49, Genesis 6] liver (explained by Thes (quoting Galen) as the heavy organ, par excellence, of the body; NH כָּבֵד; Aramaic כַּבְדָא, ܟܰܒܕܳܐ; Arabic كَبِدٌ, cf. أَكْبَدُ (anything) large, thick in the middle; Ethiopic ከብድ Assyrian kabittu DlHWB temper, heart (fig.), Aramaic כְּבַד, ܐܶܬܟܰܒܰܕ be angry, because the liver was regarded as seat of emotions)כ׳ Exodus 29:13 + 11 times; כְּבֵדוֹ Proverbs 7:23; כְּבֵדִי Lamentations 2:11;—liver of man, as pierced by arrow Proverbs 7:23; poured out in sorrow Lamentations 2:11; of animals as consulted by divination רָאָה בַּכּ׳ Ezekiel 21:26; elsewhere in P, in phrases (ה)יֹתֶרֶת (עַל־)הַכָּבֵד Exodus 29:13, Exodus 29:22; Leviticus 3:4, Leviticus 3:10, Leviticus 3:15; Leviticus 4:9; Leviticus 7:4; Leviticus 8:16, Leviticus 8:25; Leviticus 9:19; הַיֹּתֶרֶת מִן־הַכּ׳ Leviticus 9:10, of the animals suited for sacrifice.
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כֹּ֫בֶד
n.[m.]
heaviness, weight of a stone Proverbs 27:3.
mass, abundance, of corpses Nahum 3:3.
vehemence, of war Isaiah 21:15, of storm Isaiah 30:27.
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כָּבוֹד
adj. glorious, only fs. כְּבוּדָּ֯ה, of a bed Ezekiel 23:41; a queen in bridal array Psalms 45:14; Psalms 45:14 belongs to II. כָּבוֹד 2; cstr. as Ges§ 141 d; v. also כֹּל 1 a end. cf. כְּבוּדָּ֯ה n.f. infr.
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כָּבוֹד²
n.m. Isaiah 60:1 and †f. Genesis 49:6 abundance, honour, glory;—כ׳ Joshua 7:19 + 70 times; כָּבֹד Genesis 31:1 Nahum 2:10; cstr. כְּבוֹד Exodus 16:7 + 62 times; כְּבֹד Proverbs 25:2(×2); sf. כְּבוֹדִי Genesis 45:13 + 17 times; כְּבֹדִי Genesis 49:6 + 3 times; + 40 times sfs.—
honour, splendour, glory, of external condition and circumstances:
of men: of Joseph in Egypt Genesis 45:13 (E); of Job Job 19:9; Job 29:20; of Ephraim Hosea 9:11, Samaria Hosea 10:5; עֹשֶׁר וְכָכוֹד wealth and splendour I Chronicles 29:12, I Chronicles 29:28; II Chronicles 17:5; II Chronicles 18:1; II Chronicles 32:27; Proverbs 3:16; Proverbs 8:18; Proverbs 22:4; עשֶׁר (וּ)נְכָסִים וְכ׳ II Chronicles 1:11, II Chronicles 1:12 = גם ע׳ גם כ׳ I Kings 3:13, Ecclesiastes 6:2; ‖ עשֶׁר Proverbs 11:16; man was crowned with כ׳ וְהָדָר at his creation, Psalms 8:6; the king is given כ׳הוֹד וְהָדָר Psalms 21:6.
of things, כ׳ עָשְׁרוֹ Esther 5:11 splendour of his wealth, of a throne I Samuel 2:8 (poem), Isaiah 22:23; Jeremiah 14:21; Jeremiah 17:12; a kingdom Esther 1:4; chariots Isaiah 22:18; priestly robes Exodus 28:2, Exodus 28:40 (P); Lebanon Isaiah 35:2; Isaiah 60:13; forest Isaiah 10:18 (fig. of royal might); trees Ezekiel 31:18; temple Haggai 2:3, Haggai 2:9; restored holy land Psalms 84:12 Isaiah 4:2, Isaiah 4:5; Jerus. Isaiah 62:2.
of God, glory, (1) in historic theophanies: to Moses Exodus 33:18, Exodus 33:22 (J); ‖ אֹתֹת Numbers 14:22 (JE); ‖ גָּדְלוֹ Deuteronomy 5:18. P uses כ׳ יהוה for theophanies of the Exodus Exodus 16:7, Exodus 16:10; Exodus 24:16, Exodus 24:17; Exodus 40:34, Exodus 40:35; Leviticus 9:6, Leviticus 9:23; Numbers 14:10; Numbers 16:19; Numbers 17:7; Numbers 2:6, cf. II Chronicles 5:14 = I Kings 8:11, II Chronicles 7:1, II Chronicles 7:2, II Chronicles 7:3; so Ezek., Ezekiel 1:28; Ezekiel 3:12, Ezekiel 3:23; Ezekiel 10:4(×2), Ezekiel 10:18; Ezekiel 11:23; Ezekiel 43:4, Ezekiel 43:5; Ezekiel 44:4; with the variation כ׳ אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezekiel 8:4; Ezekiel 9:3; Ezekiel 10:19; Ezekiel 11:22; Ezekiel 43:2, and הַכָּבוֹד Ezekiel 3:23; the sacred tent was sanctified by the Glory Exodus 29:43 (P), and the temple was מְקוֹם מִשְׁכַּן כ׳ Psalms 26:8; when the ark was captured, the Glory went into exile from Israel I Samuel 4:21, I Samuel 4:22. (2) in historic and ideal manifestations to the pious mind Yahweh’s name is a name of glory Psalms 72:19 Nehemiah 9:5; his eyes of glory Isaiah 3:8; in the temple his glory is seen Psalms 63:3; it is על השׁמים Psalms 113:4; על כל הארץ Psalms 57:6, Psalms 57:12; in a thunderstorm he is אֵל הַכָּבוֹד Psalms 29:3; his glory is לְעוֹלָם Psalms 104:31; it is great Psalms 138:5; above all the earth Psalms 108:6; the whole earth is full of it Isaiah 6:3; the heavens are declaring כְּבוֹד אֵל Psalms 19:2; with reference to the divine reign כּ׳ הֲדַר מַלְכוּתוֹ, Psalms 145:12; הֲדַר כ׳ הוֹדֶ֑ךָ Psalms 145:5. (3) he is מֶלֶךְ הַכָּבוֹד Psalms 24:7, Psalms 24:8, Psalms 24:9, Psalms 24:10(×2); he will appear in his glory Psalms 102:17, his glory will be revealed in a march through the wilderness to the holy land Isaiah 40:5, the land will see it Isaiah 35:2, shine with it Ezekiel 43:2, and it will dwell in the land Psalms 85:10; it will be to the rearward of Israel Isaiah 58:8; it will arise and be seen upon Jerusalem Isaiah 60:1, Isaiah 60:2; Yahweh will be the glory in the midst of her Zechariah 2:9; the temple will be filled with it Haggai 2:7; the earth will be filled with a knowledge of it Habakkuk 2:14, and with it Numbers 14:21 (JE) Psalms 72:19; it will be declared among the nations and all will see it Isaiah 66:18, Isaiah 66:19(×2) Psalms 97:6 and peoples and kings revere it Psalms 102:16 Isaiah 59:19; י׳ will reign before his elders in glory Isaiah 24:23; the resting-place of the Messiah will be כָּבוֹד Isaiah 11:10.
honour, dignity of position מנע מִכּ׳ withhold from honour Numbers 24:11 (E); ירד מִכּ׳ descend from Jeremiah 48:18; שׁלח אחר כ׳ send after Zechariah 2:12; רוּם בכ׳ Psalms 112:9; שׁכב בכ׳ Isaiah 14:18; תמך כ׳ Proverbs 29:23; יַרְבֶּה כ׳ Daniel 11:39; לקח כ׳ take me to honour Psalms 73:24; not becoming to fools Psalms 26:1; לפני כ׳ ענוה before honour (goeth) humility Proverbs 15:33; Proverbs 18:12; antithesis קלון Hosea 4:7; Habakkuk 2:16; Proverbs 3:35, קִיקָלוֹן Habakkuk 2:16; כָּבוֹד is used as collective, of honoured men, dignitaries, nobility כבוד ישׂראל Micah 1:15; elsewhere as cstr. before various nations or with sfs. only Isaiah 5:13; Isaiah 8:7; Isaiah 10:16; Isaiah 16:14; Isaiah 17:3, Isaiah 17:4; Isaiah 21:16; Isaiah 22:24.
honour, reputation, of character, of man וְלֹא־לְךָ לְכ׳ II Chronicles 26:18 neither will it be for thine honour;חכמה Ecclesiastes 10:1; צדקה Proverbs 21:21; antith. כְּלִמָּה Psalms 4:3; וְחֵקֶר כְּבֹדָם כָּבוֹד Proverbs 25:27 and searching out of their glory is (not) glory כ׳ לאישׂ Proverbs 20:3; כ׳ אֱלֹהִים הַסְתֵּר דָּבָר וכ׳ מְלָכִים חֲקֹר דָּבָר Proverbs 25:2 the honour of God is to conceal a thing, but the honour of kings is to search out a thing.
my honour, poet. of the seat of honour in the inner man, the noblest part of man ‖ נפשׁי Genesis 49:6 (poem) Psalms 7:6; לִבִּי Psalms 16:9 Psalms 108:2; it is called upon to זמּר Psalms 30:13 (read כְּבוֹדִי for כָּבוֹד); עוּרָה Psalms 57:9.
honour, reverence, glory, as due to one or ascribed to one:
of men, due to a father Malachi 1:6; honour done to David by Nathan’s prophecy I Chronicles 17:18; עשׂה כ׳ לְ II Chronicles 32:33 do honour to; נתן כ׳ לְ Proverbs 26:8; ‖ ישׁע Psalms 62:8.
of God, כְּבוֹדִי the honour due to me (Yahweh) Isaiah 42:8; Isaiah 43:7; Isaiah 48:11 כ׳ שְׁמֶ֑ךָ Psalms 79:9; נתן כ׳ לְ I Samuel 6:5 Jeremiah 13:16 Malachi 2:2 Psalms 115:1; שׂים כ׳ לְ Joshua 7:19 (J), Isaiah 42:12; שׂים כ׳ תהלתוֹ Psalms 66:2; יהב כ׳ ועז לְ Psalms 29:1; Psalms 96:7 = I Chronicles 16:28; יהב כ׳ שְׁמוֹ לְ Psalms 29:2; Psalms 96:8 = I Chronicles 16:29; זמּר כ׳ שְׁמוֹ Psalms 66:2; ספּר כבודו בגוים Psalms 96:3 = I Chronicles 16:24; אמר כ׳ מלכותך Psalms 145:11; נתן כבודי בגוים Ezekiel 39:21; אֹמֵר כָּבוֹד Psalms 29:9 say Glory; יַעְלְזוּ בְּכ׳ exult with (ascriptions of) glory Psalms 149:5.
glory as the object of honour, reverence and glorifying, כְּבוֹדִי Psalms 3:4 my glory (the one whom I glorify); כְּבוֹדָם Psalms 106:20 their glory; כְּבוֹדוֹ Jeremiah 2:11.
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כְּבוּדָּ֯ה
n.f. abundance, riches Judges 18:21. See also i. [כָּבוֹד].
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כָּבוּל
n.pr.loc.
city on border of Asher Joshua 19:27, mod. Kâbûl, 4 h. (9 miles) SE. from Akko, RobBR iii, 88 GuérinGal. i. 422 f.
אֶרֶץ כָּבוּל district in Galilee I Kings 9:13 containing 20 cities given by Sol. to Hiram (popular etymol. poss. כּ as + בֻּל = בַּל not, i.e. as good as nothing, cf. v I Kings 9:12, so Ew Th; Klo conject. ארץ גָּלִיל), BuhlGeogr. § 116.
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כָּבַס
vb. (tread), wash (NH id.; Ph. כבס as pt.; Assyrian kabâsu, tread, (down), subjugate, kilšu, step, path, DlHWB)
Pt. only מְסִלַּת שְׂדֵה כוֹבֵס highway of fuller’s (= treader’s, washer’s) field Isaiah 7:3; Isaiah 36:2 = II Kings 18:17.
Pf. וְכִּבֶּס consec. Leviticus 13:6 + 11 times; כִּבֵּס Genesis 49:11 II Samuel 19:25, etc.; Impf. יְכַבֵּס Leviticus 11:25 + 16 times; 2 ms. sf. תְּכַבְּסֵנִי Psalms 51:9, etc.; Imv. sf. כַּבְּסֵנִי Psalms 51:4; fs. כַּבְּסִי Jeremiah 4:14; Pt. pl. מְכַבְּסִים Malachi 3:2;—
wash garments (i.e. by treading) Exodus 19:10, Exodus 19:14 (E), II Samuel 19:25; fig. of Judah Genesis 49:11; elsewhere chiefly P: Leviticus 6:20; Leviticus 11:25, Leviticus 11:28; Leviticus 13:6, Leviticus 13:34; Leviticus 15:11; Numbers 8:9 +; ‖ רָחץ (which = wash person) Leviticus 14:8, Leviticus 14:9; Leviticus 15:5, Leviticus 15:6, Leviticus 15:7, Leviticus 15:8, Leviticus 15:10, Leviticus 15:11 + (כ׳ in Lv 27 times, ‖ ר׳ 15 times; in Nu 8 times, ‖ ר׳ 3 times); Pt. = fuller (cf. Qal), only בֹּרִית מְכ׳ Malachi 3:2.
wash person, only poet. and fig. אִם תְּכַבְּסִי בַּנֶּתֶר Jeremiah 2:22; כַּבְּסִי מֵרָעָה לִבֵּךְ Jeremiah 4:14; c. sf. Psalms 51:4 (‖ טהר; + מֵעָוֹן); v Psalms 51:9 (‖ חִטֵּא).
Pf. וְכֻבַּס consec. Leviticus 13:58; Leviticus 15:17 be washed, of garment.
(Ges§ 54, 3) Inf. אַחֲרֵי הֻכַּבֵּס אֶת־הַנֶּגַע Leviticus 13:55 after the plague is washed out, so v Leviticus 13:56.
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כַּבִּיר
adj. great, mighty, much, only poet., and only Jb Isaiah 1:—Isaiah 10:13 Qr (but read as Kt כְּאַבִּיר), 17:22 and Isaiah 28:2 מים כבירים (usually מַיִם רַבִּים), Job 8:2 ורוח כביר אמרי פיך a mighty wind, Job 15:10 כביר מאביך ימים (Ges§131, R 5 a) = aged: of God, Job 34:17 צַדִּיק כַּבִּיר the just mighty one, Job 36:5 a, v b כ׳ כֹּחַ לֵב mighty in strength of understanding; Job 34:24 כבירים mighty men; of quantity = much, Isaiah 16:14 שְׁאָר מְעַט מִזְעָר לוֹא כַבִּיר, Job 31:25 ובי כביר מצאה ידי had gotten much.
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כְּבָר
adv. (late) already (freq. in Mish. and NH; 𝔗 כבר (rare) Syriac ܟܒܰܪ usually perhaps, occas. already (Mt 11:21 Heb 1:1); Mand. כבאר already, NöM. p. 202. Der. uncertain, connexion with √ כבר being dub.)already, Ecclesiastes 1:10 כְּבָר הָיָה it hath already been, Ecclesiastes 2:12, Ecclesiastes 2:16; Ecclesiastes 3:15(×2); Ecclesiastes 4:2; Ecclesiastes 6:10; Ecclesiastes 9:6, Ecclesiastes 9:7.
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כְּבָר²
n.pr.fl. Kĕbār, a river (or perhaps a canal) of Babylonia, not at present identified, by wh. the exiles, among whom Ez. ministered, were settled; always in the phr. נְהַר כְּבָר Ezekiel 1:1, Ezekiel 1:3; Ezekiel 3:15, Ezekiel 3:23; Ezekiel 10:15, Ezekiel 10:20, Ezekiel 10:22; Ezekiel 43:3 (cf. Sm Ezekiel 1:1 DelPar. 47f., 184).
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כָּבִיר
n.[m.] prob. something netted, i.e. either a quilt or (EwH 3. 77 Ke) a fly-net (κωνωπεῖον) spread over the face while a person was asleep; I Samuel 19:13, I Samuel 19:16 כְּבִיר הָעִזִּים a quilt (or fly-net) of goats(’ hair). Vid. further Drad loc.
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כֶּ֫בֶשׂ
n.m. Exodus 29:38 lamb (√ dub.: NH id., battering-ram; Assyrian kabšu, lamb according to COT Gloss.; Arabic كَبْشٌ is ram, leader; Syriac ܟܶܒܫܳܐ lamb, with anom. ܫ, is very rare, and prob. loan-word; Nö in Frä109)כ׳ abs. Exodus 29:39 + 43 times; pl. כְּבָשִׂים v Exodus 29:38 + 61 times; sf. כְּבָשַׂי Job 31:20;—
lamb, for sacrif.: Isaiah 1:11; of daily offering Exodus 29:38, Exodus 29:39(×2), Exodus 29:40, Exodus 29:41 Numbers 28:3, Numbers 28:4(×2) + 12 times Numbers 28; sin-offering Leviticus 4:32; purification Leviticus 12:6; Leviticus 14:10 + 5 times Leviticus 14; dedication of altar Numbers 7:15 + 25 times Numbers 7; offerings in 7th month Numbers 29:2 + 22 times Numbers 29, etc. (87 times Ex Lv Nu all P); in Ezekiel’s temple Ezekiel 46:4 + 6 times Ezekiel 46; I Chronicles 29:21 II Chronicles 29:21, II Chronicles 29:22, II Chronicles 29:32; II Chronicles 35:7 Ezra 8:35, cf. sim. Jeremiah 11:19.
lambs, as grazing; symb. of devastation Isaiah 5:17 (cf. GieBeitr. 1890), sim. of Isr. Hosea 4:16; in predict. וְגָר זְאֵב עִם־כ׳ Isaiah 11:6.
lambs, as furnishing wool for clothing: Job 31:20 גֵּז כ׳, Proverbs 27:26 כ׳ לִלְבוּשֶׁ֑ךָ.
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כִּבְשָׂה
n.f. ewe-lamb; כִּ׳ II Samuel 12:3, II Samuel 12:6; כַּ׳ Leviticus 14:10 Numbers 6:14; cstr. כִּבְשַׂת II Samuel 12:4; pl. כְּבָשׂת Genesis 21:29, Genesis 21:30; cstr. כִּבְשׂת v Genesis 21:28;—ewe-lambs (7) set in witness Genesis 21:28, Genesis 21:29, Genesis 21:30 (E); used in sacrif. Leviticus 14:10 (purif.), Numbers 6:14 (Nazirite; both P, and both ‖ כֶּבֶשׂ); for food, in Nathan’s parable II Samuel 12:3, II Samuel 12:4, II Samuel 12:6.
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כֶּ֫שֶׂב
n.[m.] lamb (transp. from preceding)כ׳ abs. Leviticus 3:7 + 5 times; pl. כְּשָׂבִים Genesis 30:32 + 6 times;—lamb, as property Genesis 30:32, Genesis 30:33, Genesis 30:35, Genesis 30:40 (J); for sacrif. Leviticus 1:10; Leviticus 3:7; Leviticus 4:35; Leviticus 22:19 Numbers 18:17, cf. Leviticus 22:27; for food Leviticus 7:23, cf. Leviticus 17:3 (all P); Deuteronomy 14:4.
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כִּשְׂבָּה
n.f. ewe-lamb Leviticus 5:6 (P).
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כָּבַשׁ
vb. subdue, bring into bondage (NH id., press, oppress; Aramaic כְּבַשׁ, ܟܒܰܫ tread down, beat or make a path, subdue; Arabic كَبَسَ press, squeeze, knead (body or limb, as in the bath, massage), also attack, assault)
Pf. 3 pl. וְכָֽבְשׁוּ consec. Zechariah 9:15; Impf. יִכְבּוֹשׁ Micah 7:19; וַיִּכְבְּשׁוּם Jeremiah 34:11 Qr (Kt Hiph), etc.; Imv. pl. sf. כִּבְשֻׁהָ Genesis 1:28; Inf. כְּבוֹשׁ II Chronicles 28:10 Esther 7:8; Pt. כֹּבְשִׁים Nehemiah 5:5;—
bring into bondage, sq. acc. + לַעֲבָדִים Jeremiah 34:11, Jeremiah 34:16 II Chronicles 28:10 Nehemiah 5:5.
(late) subdue, force, a woman Esther 7:8 (= earlier עִנָּה).
subdue, dominate, the earth Genesis 1:28 (P), Zechariah 9:15 (of conquest); tread down, sq. אַבְנֵי־קֶלַע; fig. subdue, sq. עֲוֹנֹתֵינוּ Micah 7:19.
Pf. 3 fs. נִכְבְּשָׁה Joshua 18:1 + 3 times; Pt. fpl. נִכְבָּשׁוֹת Nehemiah 5:5;—pass. of Qal 1, subj. בְּנוֹתֵינוּ Nehemiah 5:5; of Qal 3, subj. הָאָרֶץ (of conquest) Numbers 32:22, Numbers 32:29 Joshua 18:1 (all P), I Chronicles 22:18.
Pf. כִּבֵּשׁ subdued II Samuel 8:11, obj. גּוֹיִם.
Impf. bring into bondage sq. acc. + לַעֲבָדִים Jeremiah 34:11 Kt (Qr Qal).
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כִּבְשָׁן
n.m. kiln, for lime or pottery (so Ki, AW; MishnKel viii. 9; √ and original meaning dub.; according to Thes as subduing, reducing its contents, cf. igne ferrum domatur PlinNat. Hist. 36. 27)—always abs.; only in קִיטוֹר הַכּ׳ Genesis 19:28 (J; sim. of smoke of כִּכָּר, Sodom and Gom.); עֶשֶׁן הַכּ׳ Exodus 19:18 (E; sim. of smoke fo Sinai); פִּיחַ כ׳ ashes of kiln Exodus 9:8, cf. v Exodus 9:10 (both P).
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כַּד
n.f. jar (NH id.; Aramaic כַּדָּא)כַּד abs. I Kings 17:12 Ecclesiastes 12:6; cstr. I Kings 17:14, I Kings 17:16; כַּדֵּךְ Genesis 24:14, Genesis 24:17, Genesis 24:43 etc.; pl. כַּדִּים Judges 7:16(×2) + 3 times;—water-jar, carried on woman’s shoulder Genesis 24:14, Genesis 24:15, Genesis 24:16, Genesis 24:17, Genesis 24:18, Genesis 24:20, Genesis 24:43, Genesis 24:45, Genesis 24:46 (all J), I Kings 18:34 Ecclesiastes 12:6; empty (of water), containing lamps Judges 7:16, Judges 7:19, Judges 7:20; containing meal I Kings 17:12, I Kings 17:14, I Kings 17:16. (On extra-Palest. hist. of this word cf. LagBN 104.)
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כַּדְכֹּד
n.[m.] a precious stone, perhaps ruby (from sparkle?; Aramaic ‖ is כַּדְכְּדָנָא); כ׳ Ezekiel 27:16 as article of commerce; כַּדְכֹד Isaiah 54:12 fig. in promise to Zion.
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כְּדָרְלָעֹמֶר
n.pr.m. king of Elam ( = Babylon. Kudar-Laga[mar] (Lagamaru = n.pr. div.), v. PinchesVict. Inst. Jan. 20, 1896 SayPSBA, June 1896, 176 ScheilRev. Bibl. 1896, 600 f., cf. SchrCOT)Genesis 14:1, Genesis 14:4, Genesis 14:5, Genesis 14:9, Genesis 14:17.
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כֹּה
demonstr. adv. thus, here (BA כָּה; 𝔗 𝔖Jerus. Mand. כָּא here: in Syriac with prefixes ܠܟܳܐ hither, ܡܶܟܳܐ (𝔖Jerus. ܡܶܢ ܟܳܐ) hence, ܐܰܝܟܳܐ where? cf. אֵיכָה, p. 32, and Köii. 1, 252)
of manner, thus (so most freq., and usually pointing to what is to follow, while כֵּן points commonly to what has preceded), Genesis 15:5 כה יהיה זרעך thus shall thy seed be, Numbers 6:23 I Kings 2:30 כֹּה דִבֶּר יוֹאָב וְכֹה עָנָנִי, Numbers 5:25 Isaiah 24:13 (answered by כְּ, as Jeremiah 23:29); with a subst. Isaiah 20:6 הִנֵּה כֹה מַבָּטֵנוּ, Jeremiah 9:21 (si vera l.), Jeremiah 23:29 I Samuel 27:11. Mostly confined to particular phrases: thus
with diff. forms of אמר, כה תאמר thus shalt thou say Exodus 3:14, Exodus 3:15; Exodus 19:3; Exodus 20:19 etc.; especially כה אמר י״י thus saith (or said) י׳ Exodus 4:22; Exodus 5:1; Exodus 7:17, Exodus 7:26; Exodus 8:16 etc.; and continually in the prophets, as Isaiah 7:7; Isaiah 8:11; Isaiah 18:4 etc.; Jeremiah 2:2, Jeremiah 2:5; Jeremiah 4:27; Jeremiah 6:16 etc.; also in the idiom. formula אִם כֹּה יֹאמַר if he say (or used to say) (the words spoken following) †Genesis 31:8 I Samuel 14:9, I Samuel 14:10; I Samuel 20:7 II Samuel 15:26.
with עשׂה to do thus, Exodus 5:15 Deuteronomy 7:5; pointing back, Numbers 22:30 Joshua 6:14 I Samuel 27:11 al.; especially in the phrase כה יעשׂה אלהים וכה יוסיף (with variations), I Samuel 3:17 + (v. יסף), in which כֹּה points to an imprecation understood but not expressed. With בְּ prefixed †I Kings 22:20 ויאמר זה בְּכֹה וזה אמר בְּכֹה and one spake in this wise, and another spake in that wise (‖ II Chronicles 18:19 כָּכָהכָּכָה; prob. rightly).
of place, here (rare, chiefly in E), Genesis 31:37 שִׂים כֹּה place it here before my brethren, Numbers 23:15(×2) II Samuel 18:30 Ruth 2:8. Repeated, Exodus 2:12 וַיִּפֶן כֹּה וָכֹה and he turned this way and that way; כֹּהכֹּה on this sideon that side Numbers 11:31. With עַד Genesis 22:5 and we will go עַד־כֹּה as far as here (δεικτικῶς) i.e. yonder.
of time, עַד כֹּה hitherto, Exodus 7:16 (cf. עַד־הֵנָּה), Joshua 17:14; עַד־כֹּה וְעַד־כֹּה till now and till then, i.e. meanwhile, I Kings 18:45.
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כָּ֫כָה
adv. thus (NH abbrev. to כָּךְ, with preps. בֵּין כָּךְ meanwhile, לְפִיכָךְ therefore; prob. either from כָה and כְּ, lit. as thus, Ol§ 223 h; or from כָּה כָהii. 1, 253), somewhat more emph. than כֹּה, usually prefixed to word which it qualifies:—Exodus 12:11 וככה תאכלו אתו and thus shall ye eat it, Exodus 29:35 Numbers 8:26; Numbers 11:15 ואם ככה את עשׂה לי, Numbers 15:11, Numbers 15:12, Numbers 15:13; Deuteronomy 25:9; Deuteronomy 29:23 (cf. I Kings 9:8 Jeremiah 22:8); so often with עשׂה: I Samuel 19:17 למה ככה רמיתני why hast thou thus deceived me? II Samuel 17:21 I Kings 1:6, I Kings 1:48; Jeremiah 13:9; Jeremiah 19:11; Jeremiah 28:11; Jeremiah 51:64; once with an adj. II Samuel 13:4 מדוע אתה כָכָה דל why art thou thus lean? Ecclesiastes 11:5 answering to כַּאֲשֶׁר; Psalms 144:15 העם שֶׁכָּכָה לוֹ the people to which it is thus. Once II Chronicles 18:19 repeated, in this wayin that way (‖ I Kings 22:20 בְּכֹהבְּכֹה). Comp. the syn. כָּזֹאת (v. p. 262). With a prep. once, in late Hebrew, Esther 9:26 עַל־כֶּ֫כָה concerning such a matter. With the interrog. אי, אֵיכָכָה how? (p. 32).
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כָּהָה
vb. be or grow dim, faint (NH id.; Aramaic כְּהָא; cf. Arabic كَهِىَ be أَكْهَى, i.e. weak, cowardly)
Pf. 3 fs. כָּֽהֲתָה Deuteronomy 34:7; Impf. יִכְהֶה Isaiah 42:4; 3 fs. תִּכְהֶה Zechariah 11:17; וַתֵּ֫כַהּ Job 17:7; וַתִּכְהֶיןָ Genesis 27:1: Inf. abs. כָּהֹה Zechariah 11:17;—grow dim, of eye Genesis 27:1 (J), Deuteronomy 34:7 Job 17:7; of violent putting out of eye Zechariah 11:17(×2); he shall not grow dim Isaiah 42:4, of servant of י׳ under fig. of lamp or fire (v. Kay Che De), or grow faint (cf. Di).
Pf. 3 fs. וְכִהֲתָה consec. Ezekiel 21:12 (subj. כָּל־רוּחַ; ‖ וְנָמֵס כָּל־לֵב) grow faint (Pi intrans., Ges§ 52 k, Köi. 187; but read perhaps כָּֽהֲתָה).
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כֵּהֶה
adj.dim, dull, faint; only f. כֵּהָה Leviticus 13:6 + 6 times; pl. כֵּהוֹת Leviticus 13:39 I Samuel 3:2;—dim, of eyes I Samuel 3:2; of burning wick (פִּשְׁתָּה כ׳) Isaiah 42:3; dull (in colour, of plague-spots) Leviticus 13:6, Leviticus 13:21, Leviticus 13:26, Leviticus 13:28, Leviticus 13:39, Leviticus 13:56; fig. = faint רוּחַ כ׳ Isaiah 61:3 (opp. מַעֲטֵה תְהִלָּה).
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כֵּהָה
n.f. (dimming), lessening, alleviation;—אֵין כ׳ לְשִׁבְרְךָ of Nineveh Nahum 3:19 (read גֵּהָה, healing?).
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כָּהָה²
vb.
rebuke (Syriac ܟܳܐܐ, Mand. כהא (NöM. 72) id.), only I Samuel 3:13 sq. בְּ, וְלֹא כִהָה בָּם.
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כֹּהֵן
n.m. priest (NH כֹּהֵן; Aramaic כָּהֵין, כַּהֲנָא ܟܳܗܶܢ, ܟܳܗܢܳܐ; Ethiopic ካህን, all id.; on Ph. and Arabic v. supr.);—כ׳ Genesis 14:18 + 439 times; pl. כֹּהֲנִים Exodus 19:6 + 272 times; cstr. כֹּהֲנֵי I Samuel 5:5 + 13 times; sf. כֹּהֲנַי Lamentations 1:19 + 22 times; sfs.—
priest-king: e.g. Melchizedek Genesis 14:18 (E?), cf. Psalms 110:4 (the Messianic priest-King like Melchizedek); Zechariah 6:13 (Messianic priest and king); Israel מַמְלֶכֶת כֹּהֲנִים Exodus 19:6 (E) a kingdom of priests (priests and kings at once in their relation to the nations); cf. Isaiah 61:6 (of Israel ministering as a priest); or a chieftain (exercising priestly functions) כֹּהֵן מִדְיָן Exodus 2:16; Exodus 3:1; Exodus 18:1 (all JE); so also probably the sons of David II Samuel 8:18, his grandson I Kings 4:5; and Ira the Jairite II Samuel 20:26, who as princes performed priestly functions. With these we may class the כהנים Exodus 19:22, Exodus 19:24 (J).
priests of other religions than י׳’s: Potiphera כ׳ אֹן Genesis 41:45, Genesis 41:50 (E), Genesis 46:20 (P); Egyptian כהנים Genesis 47:22(×2), Genesis 47:26 (J); כ׳ דָגוֹן I Samuel 5:5; Philistine כהנים וקסמים I Samuel 6:2; כֹּהֲנָיו his priests: e.g. of Baal II Kings 10:19 = of Ahab II Kings 10:11; of Chemosh Jeremiah 48:7; of Malcam Jeremiah 49:3; Mattan was כ׳ הבעל II Kings 11:18 = II Chronicles 23:17; הכמרים עם הכהנים Zephaniah 1:4; Josiah burned the bones of the priests of the Baalim and Asherim II Chronicles 34:5.
priests of special orders in Israel:
Micah in the hill-country of Ephraim consecrated his own son וַיְהִי־לוֹ לְכֹהֵן Judges 17:5; but so soon as he could secure Jonathan ben Gershom, a descendant of Moses (see VB Judges 18:30), he consecrated him, היה ל׳ לכהן Judges 17:10, Judges 17:12, Judges 17:13; Judges 18:4, Judges 18:19; הַכֹּהֵן v Judges 18:6, Judges 18:17, Judges 18:18, Judges 18:20, Judges 18:24, Judges 18:27. He was captured by the Danites, and he and his line became priests at Dan until the Exile, v Judges 18:19(×2), Judges 18:30.
Jeroboam עשׂה כהנים I Kings 12:31 of those not מבני לוי, as כ׳ (הַ)בָּמוֹת priests of (the) high places I Kings 12:32; I Kings 13:2, I Kings 13:33(×2) = כ׳ לבמות II Chronicles 11:15; Amaziah (of this class) was כ׳ בית־אל Amos 7:10; v. also II Chronicles 13:9; called by Chr כ׳ לְלֹא אלהים v II Chronicles 13:9; yet Hosea rebukes them as priests of י׳ Hosea 4:4, Hosea 4:9; Hosea 5:1; Hosea 6:9; at the Exile they were deported by the Assyrians II Kings 17:27, II Kings 17:28.
the people imported into Samaria made some of themselves כ׳ במות to worship י׳ the God of the land II Kings 17:32.
priests in Israel הכהנים who bore the ark and the trumpets Joshua 3:13, Joshua 3:14, Joshua 3:15, Joshua 3:17; Joshua 4:3, Joshua 4:9, Joshua 4:10, Joshua 4:17, Joshua 4:18(×2); Joshua 6:4(×2), Joshua 6:6(×2), Joshua 6:8, Joshua 6:9, Joshua 6:12, Joshua 6:13, Joshua 6:16 (all JE), I Kings 8:3, I Kings 8:6, I Kings 8:10, I Kings 8:11; Eli was הכהן I Samuel 1:9; I Samuel 2:11; כ׳ יהוה I Samuel 14:3; and his sons כ׳ ליהוה I Samuel 1:3; a מִשְׁפַּט הַכֹּהֲנִים I Samuel 2:13 mentions the ministering priest הכהן and the נַעַר הַכּ׳ I Samuel 2:13, I Samuel 2:14, I Samuel 2:15(×2), Ahijah was הַכּ׳ in time of Saul I Samuel 14:19(×2); I Samuel 14:36; Abimelech הַכּ׳ at Nob, a priestly centre, I Samuel 21:2, I Samuel 21:3, I Samuel 21:5, I Samuel 21:6, I Samuel 21:7, I Samuel 21:10; I Samuel 22:11; where were many כֹּהֲנֵי י׳ I Samuel 22:17(×2), I Samuel 22:21, all slain by Saul except Abiathar son of Ahimelech I Samuel 22:11, I Samuel 22:18(×2), I Samuel 22:19, who became הַכּ׳ I Samuel 23:9; I Samuel 30:7 I Kings 1:7, I Kings 1:19, I Kings 1:25, I Kings 1:42; I Kings 2:22, I Kings 2:26; Zadok later was הַכּ׳ II Samuel 15:27 I Kings 1:8, I Kings 1:26, I Kings 1:32, I Kings 1:34, I Kings 1:38, I Kings 1:39, I Kings 1:44, I Kings 1:45; I Kings 2:35; I Kings 3:2 I Chronicles 16:39; I Chronicles 24:6: so that the two were (ה)כהנים II Samuel 8:17 = I Chronicles 18:16 (read וְאֶבְיָתָר בֶּן־אח׳ II Samuel 8:17 𝔖 We Dr, and correct I Chronicles 18:16 accordingly) II Samuel 15:35(×2); II Samuel 17:15; II Samuel 19:12; II Samuel 20:25 I Kings 4:4; Sol. removed Abiathar I Kings 2:27 and Zadok was anointed לְכֹהֵן according to I Chronicles 29:22; cf. prediction of rejection of house of Eli and selection of כ׳ נֶאֱמָן I Samuel 2:28, I Samuel 2:35; Jehoiada הַכּ׳ led the revolution against Athaliah II Kings 11:9(×2), II Kings 11:10, II Kings 11:15(×2), II Kings 11:18; II Kings 12:3, II Kings 12:8, II Kings 12:10 = II Chronicles 22:11; II Chronicles 23:8(×2), II Chronicles 23:9, II Chronicles 23:14(×2); II Chronicles 24:2, II Chronicles 24:20, II Chronicles 24:25, perhaps also Jeremiah 29:26; הנהנים sustaining him in his reforms II Kings 12:5, II Kings 12:6, II Kings 12:7, II Kings 12:8, II Kings 12:9, II Kings 12:10, II Kings 12:17; Uriah was הַכּ׳ in the reign of Ahaz II Kings 16:10, II Kings 16:11(×2), II Kings 16:15, II Kings 16:16 Isaiah 8:2; Hilkiah of Josiah II Kings 22:10, II Kings 22:12, II Kings 22:14; II Kings 23:24 II Chronicles 34:14, II Chronicles 34:18. Other individual priests are named, e.g.: Pashhur of Jehoiachin Jeremiah 20:1; Zephaniah of Zedekiah Jeremiah 21:1; Jeremiah 29:25, Jeremiah 29:26, Jeremiah 29:29; Jeremiah 37:3; הַכּ׳ is Ezekiel’s title Ezekiel 1:3. Priests are classed with officials of state: prophets and priests II Kings 23:2 Isaiah 28:7 Jeremiah 5:31; Jeremiah 6:13; Jeremiah 8:10; Jeremiah 14:18; Jeremiah 23:11, Jeremiah 23:33, Jeremiah 23:34; Jeremiah 26:7, Jeremiah 26:8, Jeremiah 26:11, Jeremiah 26:16; Jeremiah 29:1; Lamentations 2:20; Lamentations 4:13; priests and elders Lamentations 1:19; Lamentations 4:16; king and priest Lamentations 2:6; kings, priests, and prophets Jeremiah 13:13; kings, princes, and priests Jeremiah 1:18; princes, eunuchs, and priests Jeremiah 34:19; priest, sage, and prophet Jeremiah 18:18; chiefs, priests, and prophets Micah 3:11; prophets, priests, and elders Ezekiel 7:26; kings, princes, priests, and prophets Jeremiah 2:26; Jeremiah 4:9; Jeremiah 8:1; Jeremiah 32:32; princes, judges, prophets, and priests Zephaniah 3:4; seeming to exclude any other officials. Apparently in the same generic sense הכהנים Jeremiah 1:1; Jeremiah 2:8; Jeremiah 27:16; Jeremiah 28:1, Jeremiah 28:5; Jeremiah 29:25; Jeremiah 31:14; כַּכֹּהֵן Isaiah 24:2; כהנים Job 12:19; כהניה Lamentations 1:4 Ezekiel 22:26; כהניו Psalms 78:64. Moses and Aaron among his priests Psalms 99:6 includes Moses (against P). Zion’s priests clothed with righteousness and salvation Psalms 132:9, Psalms 132:16 = II Chronicles 6:41, prob. here also.
Levitical priests הַכֹּהֲנִים הַלְוִיִּם Deuteronomy 17:9, Deuteronomy 17:18; Deuteronomy 18:1; Deuteronomy 24:8; Deuteronomy 27:9; Joshua 3:3; Joshua 8:33 (all D), Jeremiah 33:18 (inverted), v Jeremiah 33:21 (neither in 𝔊), II Chronicles 5:5 (= הַכּ׳ וְהַלּ׳ I Kings 8:4: Chronicler retains original Deuteronomic reading), Ezekiel 43:19; Ezekiel 44:15 (cf. 6); הַכּ׳ בְנֵי לֵוִי Deuteronomy 21:5; Deuteronomy 31:9; לקח לכ׳ לל׳ Isaiah 66:21 take for priests, for Levites (of the nations in Messianic age). Doubtless of same class are: הַכֹּהֲנִים Deuteronomy 18:3; Deuteronomy 19:17; Joshua 3:6, Joshua 3:8; Joshua 4:11 (D); and הַכֹּהֵן, the priest officiating on a partic. occasion Deuteronomy 18:3; Deuteronomy 20:2; or holding a partic. dignity Deuteronomy 17:12; Deuteronomy 26:3, Deuteronomy 26:4. The כהנים of the other cities of Judah, כ׳ הבמות, who were not allowed to minister in Jerusalem II Kings 23:8(×2), II Kings 23:9, II Kings 23:20, may be an attempt to enforce an exclusion from the priesthood of all but Levitical priests.
Zadokite priests: Ezekiel distinguishes among הכהנים הלוים those of the seed of Zadok, בְּנֵי צָדוֹק; all but the latter excluded by him from priesthood Ezekiel 40:46; Ezekiel 43:19; Ezekiel 44:15; Ezekiel 48:11; the priests of his code being all Zadokites Ezekiel 40:45, Ezekiel 40:46; Ezekiel 42:13, Ezekiel 42:14; Ezekiel 43:24, Ezekiel 43:27; Ezekiel 44:21, Ezekiel 44:22, Ezekiel 44:30(×2), Ezekiel 44:31; Ezekiel 45:4, Ezekiel 45:19; Ezekiel 46:2, Ezekiel 46:19, Ezekiel 46:20; Ezekiel 48:10, Ezekiel 48:13.
Aaronic priests. In H. it is taken for granted that a priest is of the seed of Aaron; the pl. is never used; כֹּהֵן is used for any priest Leviticus 21:9; Leviticus 22:10, Leviticus 22:11, Leviticus 22:12, Leviticus 22:13; הַכֹּהֵן for Aaron Leviticus 21:21, and for the official priest (acting for the priesthood, almost collective) Leviticus 17:5, Leviticus 17:6; Leviticus 22:14; Leviticus 23:10, Leviticus 23:11, Leviticus 23:20(×2); Leviticus 27:8(×3), Leviticus 27:11, Leviticus 27:12(×2), Leviticus 27:14(×2), Leviticus 27:18, Leviticus 27:21, Leviticus 27:23. The priests of P are בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן Leviticus 1:5, Leviticus 1:8, Leviticus 1:11; Leviticus 2:2; Leviticus 3:2; Leviticus 21:1 Numbers 3:3; Numbers 10:8 Joshua 21:19; so in Chronicles II Chronicles 13:9, II Chronicles 13:10; II Chronicles 26:18; II Chronicles 29:21; II Chronicles 31:19; II Chronicles 35:14(×2); הַכֹּהֵן is used of Aaron 22 times, Eleazar 29 times, Phinehas Joshua 22:30 and elsewhere; 180 times of ministering priests, or generic of the priests; הכהנים Leviticus 6:22; Leviticus 7:6; Leviticus 13:2; Leviticus 16:33 Joshua 4:16; כהן Leviticus 6:16. Chronicles distinguishes הַכֹּהֲנִים וְהַלְוִיִּם I Chronicles 13:2; I Chronicles 15:11, I Chronicles 15:14; I Chronicles 23:2; I Chronicles 24:6, I Chronicles 24:31; I Chronicles 28:13, I Chronicles 28:21 II Chronicles 8:15; II Chronicles 11:13; II Chronicles 13:9, II Chronicles 13:10; II Chronicles 23:4; II Chronicles 24:5; II Chronicles 29:4; II Chronicles 30:15, II Chronicles 30:25; II Chronicles 31:2(×2), II Chronicles 31:4, II Chronicles 31:9; II Chronicles 34:30; II Chronicles 35:8, II Chronicles 35:18 (the variants without וְ II Chronicles 23:18; II Chronicles 30:27 are due to copyists’ errors). Ezra 1:5; Ezra 2:70; Ezra 3:8, Ezra 3:12; Ezra 6:20; Ezra 7:7; Ezra 8:29, Ezra 8:30; Ezra 9:1 Nehemiah 7:71; Nehemiah 8:13; Nehemiah 11:3; Nehemiah 12:1, Nehemiah 12:30, Nehemiah 12:44(×2); Nehemiah 13:30; הלוים והכהנים II Chronicles 19:8; II Chronicles 30:21; priests, Levites, and others I Chronicles 9:2 Ezra 10:5 Nehemiah 10:1, Nehemiah 10:29, Nehemiah 10:35; Nehemiah 11:20; בְּנֵי לֵוִי antith. to הַכּ׳ Ezra 8:15; הכהן בן אהרן עם הלוים Nehemiah 10:39; (ה)כהנים in Chr 67 times has the same reference, as also כֹּהֲנֵינוּ Ezra 9:7 Nehemiah 9:32, Nehemiah 9:34; כֹּהֵן Ezra 2:63 = Nehemiah 7:64; כ׳ ליהוה II Chronicles 26:17; כהניו His (God’s) priests II Chronicles 13:12; כ׳ מוֹרֶה teaching priest II Chronicles 15:3; הַכֹּהֵן is used of Jehoiada in time of David I Chronicles 27:5, and Azariah in the reign of Uzziah II Chronicles 26:17. In the literature of the restoration הַכֹּהֵן is used of Ezra, Ezra 7:11; Ezra 10:10, Ezra 10:16 Nehemiah 8:2, Nehemiah 8:9; Nehemiah 12:26; Uriah Ezra 8:33; Eliashib Nehemiah 13:4; Shelemiah Nehemiah 13:13; הכהנים Joel 1:9, Joel 1:13; Joel 2:17 Haggai 2:11, Haggai 2:12, Haggai 2:13 Zechariah 7:5 Malachi 1:6; Malachi 2:1; priests and prophets Zechariah 7:3; כהן Malachi 2:7.
the high priest: הַכֹּהֵן is frequently used (see 4) to designate the priest who was at the head of priestly affairs. The adj. הַגָּדוֹל first appears of Jehoiada II Kings 12:11, then of Hilkiah II Kings 22:4, II Kings 22:8; II Kings 23:4; II Chronicles 34:9; after the exile, of Joshua Haggai 1:1, Haggai 1:12, Haggai 1:14; Haggai 2:2, Haggai 2:4 Zechariah 3:1, Zechariah 3:8; Zechariah 6:11, and Eliashib Nehemiah 3:1, Nehemiah 3:20; Nehemiah 13:28. But P uses it of Aaron and his eldest descendants who are anointed with holy oil Leviticus 21:10 (H; הכ׳ הַגָּדוֹל מֶאֶהָיו), Numbers 35:25, Numbers 35:28(×2) Joshua 20:6, and so הַכּ׳ הַמָּשִׁיהַ Leviticus 4:3, Leviticus 4:5, Leviticus 4:16; Leviticus 6:15, cf. Leviticus 16:32. כ׳ הָרֹאשׁ is used of Seraiah II Kings 25:18 = Jeremiah 52:24; and, in Chronicler, of Amariah II Chronicles 19:11, Jehoiada II Chronicles 24:11, Azariah, II Chronicles 26:20; II Chronicles 31:10; of Aaron Ezra 7:5. (We also supposes הרואה in II Samuel 15:27 to be a corruption of הראשׁ, which he regards as postexilic insertion. The text is corrupt [see DrSm. l.c.]; but this correction is improbable. Lists of high priests occur I Chronicles 5:30-41; I Chronicles 6:35-38.) A priest of second rank (כֹּהֵן (ה)מִשְׁנֶה) appears in II Kings 23:4 (cstr. pl. incorrect), II Kings 25:18 = Jeremiah 52:24; זִקְנֵי הַכּ׳ II Kings 19:2 = Isaiah 37:2, Jeremiah 19:1; שָׂרֵי הַכּ׳ II Chronicles 36:14 Ezra 8:24, Ezra 8:29; Ezra 10:5; רָאשֵׁי הַכּ׳ Nehemiah 12:7.
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כָּהַן
vb. only Pi.denom. act as priest;—Pf. כִּהֵן Exodus 40:13 I Chronicles 5:36; 3 mpl. כִּהֲנוּ Exodus 28:41; Exodus 40:15; Impf. 3 ms. יְכַהֵן Numbers 3:4 + 2 times; pl. יְכַהֲנוּ I Chronicles 24:2; Inf. cstr. כַּהֵן Exodus 29:1 + 11 times; sf. כַּהֲנוֹ Exodus 28:1, Exodus 28:3, Exodus 28:4.—
minister as a priest, abs. Exodus 31:10; Exodus 35:19; Exodus 39:41 Leviticus 16:32 Numbers 3:3, Numbers 3:4 (all P); כ׳ לִי minister to me (י׳) Exodus 28:1, Exodus 28:3, Exodus 28:4, Exodus 28:41; Exodus 29:1, Exodus 29:44; Exodus 30:30; Exodus 40:13, Exodus 40:15 (all P), Ezekiel 44:13 Hosea 4:6; כ׳ ליהוה Leviticus 7:35 (P), I Chronicles 5:36; I Chronicles 24:2 II Chronicles 11:14 (always of Aaron and his sons, except Ezekiel 44:13 II Chronicles 11:14, where Levites are forbidden to minister; and Hosea 4:6 of Israel, whose national priesthood is taken away).
be or become priest Deuteronomy 10:6 (E?).
play the priest: כֶּחָתָן יְכַהֵן פְּאֵר Isaiah 61:10 as a bridegroom (that) priests it with his turban, decks himself with a splendid turban such as the priests wore.
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כְּהֻנָּה
n.f. priesthood;—abs. כ׳ Exodus 29:9 + 5 times; cstr. כְּהֻנַּת Numbers 25:13 + 2 times; sf. כְּהֻנַּתְכֶם Numbers 18:1, Numbers 18:7(×2); כְּהֻנָּתָם Numbers 3:10; pl. כְּהֻנּוֹת I Samuel 2:36.—כהנת יהוה priesthood of י׳, the portion of the Levites Joshua 18:7 (D); pl. priest’s offices I Samuel 2:36; elsewhere Exodus 29:9; Exodus 40:15 Numbers 3:10; Numbers 16:10; Numbers 18:1, Numbers 18:7(×2); Numbers 25:13 (all P), Ezra 2:62 = Nehemiah 7:63, Nehemiah 13:29(×2).
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כִּי
n.[m.] burning, branding (for form, cf. רִי from רָוָה, אִי, צִי, עִי: Köii. 1. 64)—only כִּי תַּחַת יֹ֑פִי Isaiah 3:24 branding instead of beauty, in judgment on women of Jerusalem.
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כְּוִיָּה
n.f. id.; כ׳ תַּחַת כ׳ Exodus 21:25.
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כּוֹכָב²
v. sub כבב.
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כּוּל
vb. comprehend, contain (NH, Aramaic id., measure, measure out, of dry or liquid measure; Syriac Aph. ܐܰܟܻܝܠ id.; Arabic كَالَ measure grain)
Pf. only Isaiah 40:12 מִיכָּל בְּשָׁלִשׁ עֲפַר הָאָרֶץ who hath comprehended the dust of the earth in a shalish-measure?
Pf. כִּלְכֵּל II Samuel 19:33; sf. כִּלְכְּלָם I Kings 18:4; 2 ms. sf. כִּלְבַּלְתָּם Nehemiah 9:21, etc.; Impf. יְכַלְכֵּל Zechariah 11:16 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. כַּלְכֵּל Jeremiah 20:9 +, etc.; Pt. מְכַלְכֵּל Malachi 3:2;—sustain, maintain, contain:
contain, sq. acc. pers. I Kings 8:27 II Chronicles 2:5; II Chronicles 6:18 (heavens cannot contain י׳); hold in, restrain Yahweh’s word within one, Jeremiah 20:9.
support, endure, sickness רוּחַ אִישׁ יְכַל׳ מַחֲלֵ֑הוּ Proverbs 18:14 Malachi 3:2 (obj. אֶת־יוֹם בּוֹאוֹ); of sustaining a cause, in court, יְכַל׳ דְּבָרָיו בְּמִשְׁפָּט Psalms 112:5.
Pf. 3 pl. כָּלְכְּלוּ were supplied with food I Kings 20:27 (Klo proposes בַּגִּלְבֹּעַ)
Impf. יָכִיל I Kings 7:26 + 2 times etc.; Inf. cstr. הָכִיל Jeremiah 6:11 + 5 times;—contain, hold, hold in, endure;
contain, sq. acc. (of liquid) I Kings 7:26, I Kings 7:38 II Chronicles 4:5; in fig. Jeremiah 2:13, abs. Ezekiel 23:32; (of burnt-offering) I Kings 8:64 II Chronicles 7:7; hold in (wrath of י׳, obj. not expr.), Jeremiah 6:11 (opp. שָׁפַךְ); on Ezekiel 21:33 v. אָכַל.
sustain, endure, sq. acc. Amos 7:10 Jeremiah 10:10 Joel 2:11.
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כִּימָה
n.f. perhaps Pleiades (v. supr. NH id.; 𝔗 כִּימָא, 𝔖 ܟܻܝܡܳܐ )—as made by י׳, Amos 5:8 (‖ כְּסִיל), Job 9:9 (‖ עָשׁ, כְּסִיל, חַדְרֵי תֵמָן); and under his control, מַעֲדַנּוֹת כ׳ Job 38:31 (‖ משְׁכוֹת כְּסִיל).—(SternJüd. Zeitschr. f. Wissen. u. Leben. iii. (1864–65) 258 ff. Nö in SchenkelBL HoffmZAW iii. 107 ff. interpret עשׁ as Pleiades, and כימה as Sirius).
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כּוּן
vb. prob. be firm, only in der. conj. (NH Aramaic כּוּן, in der. conj., כִּיוֵּן arrange, direct; ܟܰܘܶܢ put right, correct; Assyrian kânu, be firm, right DlHWB 321; Arabic كَانَ (med. و) exist, occur, be; so Ethiopic ኮነ Sab. כון DHM ZMG 1875, 599, Ph. כון be (often));—
Pf. (on 3 ms. v. Pt. infr.), 2 fs. נָכ֫וֹנָה I Kings 2:46; 3 pl. נָכ֫וֹנוּ Proverbs 19:29; נָכֹ֫נוּ Ezekiel 16:7; Impf. יִכּוֹן Proverbs 12:3 +; 3 fs. תִּכּוֹן Jeremiah 30:20 +; וַתִּכֹּן I Kings 2:12 II Chronicles 8:16, etc.; Imv. חִכּוֹן Amos 4:12; הִכֹּן Ezekiel 38:7; pl. הכונוּ II Chronicles 35:4 Kt (Qr הָכִינוּ Hiph.); Pt. נָכוֹן Genesis 41:32 + (in Psalms 93:2 and perhaps elsewhere the Pf. would be poss.); cstr. נְכוֹן Proverbs 4:18; f. נְכוֹנָה Psalms 5:10 + 2 times; pl. נְכֹנִים Exodus 19:11 + 2 times; pass. or neut., and (less often) reflex.:—
be set up, established, fixed:
lit., of house upon (עַל) pillars Judges 16:26, Judges 16:29, so, in metaph., of temple-mt. Isaiah 2:2 = Micah 4:1, עֲדָתוֹ Jeremiah 30:20; be firm, of breasts at puberty Ezekiel 16:7; firmly established, of תֵּבֵל Psalms 93:1 = Psalms 96:10 = I Chronicles 16:30; firm, i.e. a strong support, of י׳’s hand יָדִי תִּכּוֹן עִמּוֹ Psalms 89:22 (‖ זְרוֹעִי תְאַמְּצֶנּוּ).
of any persons, be established, stable, secure, enduring Job 21:8 (c. לִפְנֵי) Proverbs 12:3, also v Proverbs 12:19 (subj. שְׂפַת אֱמֶת), Psalms 101:7 (c. לְנֶגֶד עֵינָ֑י), Psalms 102:29 (c. לְפָנֶיךָ), Psalms 140:12 (c. בָּאָרֶץ); of plans Proverbs 16:3; Proverbs 20:18; נְכוֹן הַיּוֹם Proverbs 4:18 the established, stable, (part) of the day, i.e. mid-day, when the sun seems motionless in mid-heaven.—II Samuel 6:6 v. נָכוֹן n.pr. infr.
fixed, securely determined נ׳ הַדָּבָר מֵעִם הָאֱלֹהִים (‖ אֱמֶת) Genesis 41:32 (E); so כְּשַׁחַר נָכוֹן מֹצָאוֹ Hosea 6:3 MT, but read כְּשַׁחֲרֵנוּ כֵּן נִמְצָאֵהוּ Gie Beiträge 208 Wead loc.; substantiated, certain, of an allegation Deuteronomy 13:15 = Deuteronomy 17:4; אֶל־נָכוֹן according to (what is) certain, = certainly, assuredly I Samuel 23:23; I Samuel 26:4 (v. Dr).
in moral sense, be directed aright, of ways Proverbs 4:26 Psalms 119:5 (cf. Hiph. 3); be fixed aright, stedfast נָכוֹן לִבִּי Psalms 57:8(×2); Psalms 108:2, so Psalms 112:7; לִבָּם לֹא נָכוֹן עִמּוֹ Psalms 78:37; רוּחַ נָכוֹן Psalms 51:12 (‖ לֵב טָהוֹר); לא נָכוֹן לעשׂות כן Exodus 8:22 (J) is is not right, proper, etc.; pt. f. נְכוֹנָה as subst. = what is right, the right Job 42:7, Job 42:8; = uprightness Psalms 5:10.
prepare, be ready, pers. Amos 4:12 (c. ל inf.); words Proverbs 22:18; הִכֹּן וְהָכֵן לְךָ Ezekiel 38:7; II Chronicles 35:4 Kt (Qr Hiph.); pt. as adj. = prepared, ready, often c. הָיָה, of persons Exodus 19:11, Exodus 19:15; Exodus 34:2 Joshua 8:4 (all JE); of things, sq. ל pers. Job 12:5 Nehemiah 8:10, ל loc. Job 18:12, ל nom. act. Psalms 38:18; ב loc. Job 15:23;
pass. be prepared, of judgments Proverbs 19:29 (ל pers.); of work be arranged, settled II Chronicles 8:16; fig. of prayer Psalms 141:2 be arranged, set in order, as incense before thee (> present itself as incense); be arranged, ordered, of temple service II Chronicles 29:35; II Chronicles 35:10, II Chronicles 35:16.
Pf. הֵכִין Joshua 4:4 +; sf. הֱכִינַנִי I Kings 2:24; הֱכִינוֹ II Samuel 5:12 I Chronicles 14:2; הֱכִינָהּ Job 28:27; 2 ms. הֲכִינוֹתָ Job 11:13 +; 3 pl. הֵכִינוּ I Chronicles 12:39 +; וְהֵכִינוּ consec. Exodus 16:5; 1 pl. הֲכִינוֹנוּ I Chronicles 29:16; הֵכַנּוּ (Ges§ 72, R. 6) II Chronicles 29:19, etc. Impf. יָכִין Judges 12:6 +; וַיָּ֫כֶן I Chronicles 15:1 + 3 times etc.; Imv. הָכֵן Genesis 43:16 +; pl. הָכִינוּ Joshua 1:11 +; Inf. abs. הָכֵן Joshua 3:17, so הָכִין Joshua 4:3 (read הָכֵרו, v. Di), Jeremiah 10:23 (v. Gie), Ezekiel 7:14 (v. Sm Co and infr.; see on all Köni. 468); cstr. הָכִין Isaiah 9:6 +; sf. הֲכִינוֹ Nahum 2:4 Proverbs 8:27; הֲכִינָתּ Jeremiah 33:2; Pt. מֵכִין Jeremiah 10:12 + 4 times;—(favourite word in Ch., in various applications)
establish, set up:
God’s faithfulness Psalms 89:3; heart of humble Psalms 10:17.
= accomplish, do Jeremiah 33:2 (‖ עשׂה), = make Isaiah 40:20 Job 28:27.
make firm, only inf. abs., as adv. = firmly הָכֵן Joshua 3:17; הָכִין Joshua 4:3 (v. supr.)
fix, so as to be ready, make ready, prepare, a gift Genesis 43:25 (J), place Exodus 23:20 (JE), II Chronicles 3:1; c. לְ rei I Chronicles 15:1, I Chronicles 15:3, also (obj. om.) v I Chronicles 15:12 (vid. Be, and DaSynt. § 144), II Chronicles 1:4 (בַּהֵכִין), v. Ges§ 138 i); often prepare food, acc. + לְ pers. Joshua 1:11 (D), Psalms 78:20; לְ om. Proverbs 6:8; Proverbs 30:25; obj. om. I Chronicles 12:39 II Chronicles 35:14(×2), II Chronicles 35:15; both om. Genesis 43:16 (J), I Chronicles 9:32; prepare a road Deuteronomy 19:3, a sacrifice Zephaniah 1:7, ambuscades Jeremiah 51:12, one’s work Proverbs 24:27, materials for (לְ) temple I Chronicles 22:3, I Chronicles 22:14, also v I Chronicles 22:14 (no לְ), I Chronicles 29:2, I Chronicles 29:3; weapons (c. לְ pers.) II Chronicles 26:14 and (hostile purpose) Psalms 7:14, cf. Psalms 57:7, Isaiah 14:21 prepare slaughter-place for (לְ) his children; store-rooms II Chronicles 31:11, also v II Chronicles 31:11 (obj. om.); gallows (c. לְ pers.) Esther 6:4; Esther 7:10; corn (produce of land) Psalms 65:10; land v Psalms 65:10, so (= restore) Psalms 68:11; persons (ל) II Chronicles 35:6; fig. of belly preparing deceit Job 15:35; make preparation (for, לְ rei) I Chronicles 22:5, and v I Chronicles 22:5 (לְ om.); sq. לִבְנוֹת I Chronicles 28:2, c. acc. material + לִבְנוֹת I Kings 5:32 I Chronicles 29:16; without לְ, make ready I Samuel 23:22 Nahum 2:4; Ezekiel 7:14 (read הָכִינוּ הָכֵן Co, for ה׳ הַכֹּל MT) = make full preparation! make thee ready! Jeremiah 46:14 (לְ dat. ethiopic), Ezekiel 38:7 (id.), II Chronicles 35:4.
provide for, provide, furnish Numbers 23:1, Numbers 23:29; Numbers 29:7 Joshua 4:4 (all JE), Job 27:16, Job 27:17, food for (לְ) raven Job 38:41, rain for (לְ) earth Psalms 147:8; I Chronicles 29:19 II Chronicles 2:6 Psalms 74:16.
direct one’s face towards (אֶל־) Ezekiel 4:3, Ezekiel 4:7; in moral and spiritual sense, direct one’s step (צַעֲדוֹ) = order aright, Jeremiah 10:23 (v. supr.), Proverbs 16:9, so (פְּעָמַי) Psalms 119:133; הֵכִין דְּרָכָיו לִפְנֵי י׳ אֱלֹהָיו II Chronicles 27:6, also (sq. דרכיו only) Proverbs 21:29 Kt (Qr יָבִין); עַל הַהֵכִין הָאֱלֹהִים לָעָם II Chronicles 29:36 that which God had ordered aright for the people (on art. = pron. rel. v. Ges§ 138, 3, b); sq. לֵב Job 11:13 Psalms 78:8; + לְ, לֹא הֵכִין לִבּוֹ לִדְרוֹשׁ אֶת־י׳ II Chronicles 12:14, so II Chronicles 19:3; II Chronicles 30:19; + לִדְרוֹשׁ אֶת־תּוֹרַת י׳ Ezra 7:10; הכין לבב אֶל־י׳ I Samuel 7:3 direct the heart towards י׳, I Chronicles 29:18 (י׳ subj.), so (c. לֵאלֹהִים) II Chronicles 20:33; hence (no obj. expr.) = give attention, sq. inf. Judges 12:6.
arrange, order II Chronicles 29:19 (of sacred vessels; + הִקְדַּשְׁנוּ), II Chronicles 35:20 (of temple).
Pf. הוּכַן Isaiah 30:33, וְהוּכַן consec. Isaiah 16:5 Zechariah 5:11; וְהֻכַן Nahum 2:6; Pt. מוּכָן Proverbs 21:31, pl. מוּכָנִים Ezekiel 40:43;—
be established, of throne Isaiah 16:5; be fastened, of hooks Ezekiel 40:43.
be prepared for (לְ pers.) Isaiah 30:33 and (לְ temp.) Proverbs 21:31; abs. Nahum 2:6; be ready Zechariah 5:11.
Pf. 3 ms. כּוֹנֵן Psalms 9:8 + 3 times, וְכוֹנֵן consec. Habakkuk 2:12; sf. כּוֹנְנָהּ Isaiah 45:18; 2 ms. כּוֹנֲנְתָּ Psalms 99:4; Psalms 119:90, כּוֹנָ֑נְתָּה Psalms 8:4, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְכוֹנֵן Isaiah 62:7; sf. וַיְכֹנְנֶ֑ךָ Deuteronomy 32:6, יְכוֹנְנֶהָ Psalms 24:2 +, sf. 1 pl. וַיְכֻנֶנּוּ Job 31:15 (וַיְכוּנֶּנוּ van d. H.); 2 ms. תְּכוֹנֵן Psalms 7:10; Psalms 21:13, etc.; Imv. כּוֹנֵן Job 8:8 (but on text v. infra), כּוֹנְנָה Psalms 90:17, sf. כּוֹנְנֵהוּ Psalms 90:17;—orig. make firm;
set up, establish:
of men, found, a city Habakkuk 2:12 (‖ בנה), Psalms 107:36.
of God, establish, king’s throne II Samuel 7:13 = I Chronicles 17:12, his own throne Psalms 9:8 (לְמִשְׁפָּט), sanctuary Exodus 15:17 (song), a nation Deuteronomy 32:6 (poem; ‖ קנה, עשׂה), a city Psalms 48:9; Psalms 87:5 Isaiah 62:7, תֵּבֵל Psalms 24:2 (c. עַל, ‖ יָסַד), אֶרֶץ Psalms 119:90, cf. Isaiah 45:18, also Psalms 68:10 (obj. om., read perhaps אֶרֶץ צִיָּה Bi Che), heavens Proverbs 3:19 (‖ יָסַד־אָ֑רֶץ), moon and stars Psalms 8:4; fig., steps of men Psalms 40:3, work of men’s hands Psalms 90:17(×2), justice Psalms 99:4; establish, i.e. vindicate and make secure to righteous (צַדִּיק) Psalms 7:10.
constitute, make, a man (in womb) Job 31:15 (‖ עשׂה), cf. Psalms 119:73 (‖ id.); c. acc. + לְ rei + לְ pers. reflex. II Samuel 7:24 thou hast made for thyself (לְךָ), thy people (אֶת־עַמְּךָ) Israel for thyself (לְךָ) into a people (לְעָם) for ever.
fix, so as to be ready, arrow upon (עַל) string Psalms 11:2 so (חֵץ om.) Psalms 21:13 (c. עַל־פְּנֵיהֶם), and poss. (חֵץ om.) Isaiah 51:13 (Di Che al.; but dub., cf. Du; verse corrupt according to CheIntr. Is. 427), a bow Psalms 7:13.
direct (sc. לֵב), sq. לְחֵקֶר Job 8:8, i.e. give attention to (but no ‖ in Poʿl.; read perhaps בּוֹנֵן, cf. Deuteronomy 32:10 v. Ol Di). Poʿlal. Pf. be established: מי׳ מִצְעֲדֵי־גֶבֶר כּוֹנָ֑נוּ Psalms 37:23 from י׳ are a man’s steps established; = be prepared כּוֹנָנ֑וּ Ezekiel 28:13 but del. Co Da after A B 𝔖 al. Hithpoʿl. Impf.; be established, of house, 3 ms. יִתְכּוֹנָ֑ן Proverbs 24:3 (‖ יִבָּנֶה), of nation, 2 fs. תִּכּוֹנָ֑נִי (Ges§ 54. 2. b) Isaiah 54:14; 3 fs. תִּכּוֹנֵן = be restored, of city Numbers 21:27 (JE; ‖ תִּבָּנֶה); set oneself, take one’s stand 3 mpl. יִכּוֹנָ֑נוּ Psalms 59:5.
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כֵּן
adj. right, veritable, honest (proposes firm, upright; Syriac ܟܻܐܢ recte PS1662)—abs. כֵּן Exodus 10:29 + (on poss. cstr. v. 2 ad fin.); pl. כֵּנִים Genesis 42:11, Genesis 42:19, Genesis 42:31, Genesis 42:33, Genesis 42:34;—
right, usually indecl., often as subst. a right thing, especially c. vbb. dicendi Exodus 10:29 (J) כֵּן דִּבַּרְתָּ, Numbers 27:7 כֵּן דֹּבְרֹת, Numbers 36:5 (both P); כֵּן יַאֲרִיךְ Proverbs 28:2 (the) right (i.e. order and justice) shall last long (v. De Now VB); = adv. aright, of pronunciation Judges 12:6; also c. vb. agendi Ecclesiastes 8:10 (on Isaiah 33:23 v. iii. כֵּן sub כנן); right well ψ Isaiah 65:10; (Che; al. = so); c. לֹא, as adj., not right דְּבָרִים אֲשֶׁר לֹא־כֵן II Kings 17:9 things which were not right (vb. agendi); of heart of a fool Proverbs 15:7; Jeremiah 23:10; as subst. = what is not right, upright Jeremiah 8:6; c. vb. agendi לֹא־כֵן II Kings 7:9 that which is not right we are doing, Jeremiah 48:30.
veritable, true, כֵּן־צְדָקָה Proverbs 11:19 the veritable of righteousness = true righteousness; Isaiah 16:6 = Jeremiah 48:30 may be either their boastings are not true or (Thes Che Di Du Gr Gie al.) the untruth of their boastings (לֹא־כֵן as cpd. cstr.); abs., in assent to something already said, Right! Correct! True! Joshua 2:4.
pl. concr. honest (men) Genesis 42:11, Genesis 42:19, Genesis 42:31, Genesis 42:33, Genesis 42:34 (all E).—i. כֵּן thus, so, v. p. 485 infr.; iii. כֵּן place, base, v. sub i. כנן; iv. כֵּן, כִּנִּם, כִּנָּם, v. sub כנן.
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כּוּן²
n.pr.loc. city of Hadarezer (מִטִּבְחַת) וּמִכּוּן עָרֵי ה׳ I Chronicles 18:8, 𝔊 ἐκ τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν πολέ(μ)ων (= בֵּרֹתַי II Samuel 8:8); = mod. Kuna, near Bereitan (betw. Laodicea and Heliopolis), according to FurrerZPV viii, 34, v. בֵּרוֹתָה p. 92 supr., and Thes.
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כּוֹנַנְיָ֫הוּ
Kt, כֳּנַנְיָ֫הוּ Qr, n.pr.m. Levites.
II Chronicles 35:9.—𝔊 Χωμενιας, Χωνενιας, A Χωχενιας.
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כּוֹס
n.f. La 4:21 cup (√ unknown; perhaps kindred with כִּיס, q.v.; NH id.; Ph. כסת; Aramaic כָּס, ܟܳܣ; Arabic كَأْسٌ is Aramaic loan-wd. according to Frä 171, but see DHMVOJ i, 27)כ׳ abs. Genesis 40:11 +; כּ֯יֹס Proverbs 23:31; cstr. Genesis 40:11 +; sf. כּוֹסִי Psalms 16:5; Psalms 23:5 etc.; pl. abs. כֹּסוֹת Jeremiah 35:5;—cup II Samuel 12:3; for wine Genesis 40:11(×3), Genesis 40:13, Genesis 40:21 (all E), Proverbs 23:31 Jeremiah 35:5; שְׂפַת־כּוֹס I Kings 7:26 II Chronicles 4:5; כ׳ תַּנְחוּמִים Jeremiah 16:7 the cup offered to mourners; fig. (wine-) cup of judgment of י׳, from which the nations, or Isr., must drink Jeremiah 46:12 Lamentations 4:21 Psalms 75:9; כ׳ חֲמָתוֹ Isaiah 51:17, Isaiah 51:22; כ׳ הַיַּיִן הַחֵמָה Jeremiah 25:15, cf. v Jeremiah 25:17. Jeremiah 25:28; כ׳ הַתַּרְעֵלָה Isaiah 51:17, Isaiah 51:22; כ׳ שַׁמָּה וּשְׁמָמָה Ezekiel 23:33, cf. v Ezekiel 23:31, Ezekiel 23:32, Ezekiel 23:33; כ׳ יְמִין י׳ Habakkuk 2:16; by bold metaph. Babylon is such a cup כ׳ זָהָב בְּיַד י׳ Jeremiah 51:7; so of wicked persons, fire, brimstone, and burning wind are מְנָת־כּוֹסָם Psalms 11:6 the portion of their cup; כ׳ in good sense, cup of blessing Psalms 23:5 (overflowing); י׳ מְנָת חֶלְקִי וְכוֹסִי Psalms 16:5; כ׳ יְשׁוּעוֹת Psalms 116:13.
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כּוֹס²
n.[m.] a kind of owl (according to Vrss; v. Kn-Di Leviticus 11:17; wd. perhaps onomatop.)—unclean bird Leviticus 11:17 Deuteronomy 14:16, dwelling in ruins כ׳ חֳרָבוֹת Psalms 102:7
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כּוּר
n.[m.] smelting-pot or furnace (Arabic كُور; NH id.; Aramaic id., ܟܽܘܪ; Ethiopic ከውር: )pot or furnace for smelting metals, but alw. in metaph. or sim. of human sufferings in punishment or discipline: iron (fig. of Egypt as place of bondage) מִכּ׳ הַבַּרְזֶל Deuteronomy 4:20 Jeremiah 11:4, מִתּוֹךְ כ׳ הַבּ׳ I Kings 8:51; gold כ׳ לַזָּהָב Proverbs 17:3 = Proverbs 27:21 (‖ מַצְרֵף); various metals Ezekiel 22:18, Ezekiel 22:20, Ezekiel 22:22; once בְּכוּר עֹ֑נִי Isaiah 48:10 in a smelting-pot of a affliction.
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כִּיֹּר
n.m. 1 K 7:38 pot, basin (NH כִּיּוֹר wash-basin, so Aramaic כִּיּוֹרָא)—abs. כִּיֹּר I Kings 7:30 + 8 times; כִּיּוֹר I Samuel 2:14 + 5 times; cstr. כִּיּוֹר Exodus 30:18 + 2 times; pl. abs. כִּיֹּרוֹת I Kings 7:40 (but v. infr.), II Chronicles 4:14; כִּיֹּרֹת I Kings 7:43; כִּיּוֹרִים II Chronicles 4:6; cstr. כִּיֹּרוֹת I Kings 7:38;—
pot for cooking I Samuel 2:14 (‖ דּוּד, קַלַּחַת, פָּרוּר).
fire-pot כִּיּוֹר אֵשׁ Zechariah 12:6 (‖ לַפִּיד אֵשׁ; fig. of chiefs of Judah).
basin of bronze for washing laver; set on a bronze support
10 in number, 5 at front corners of temple I Kings 7:30, I Kings 7:38(×3), I Kings 7:43 II Kings 16:17 II Chronicles 4:14, II Chronicles 4:6 (I Kings 7:40 read הַסִּירוֹת as v I Kings 7:45 and ‖ II Chronicles 4:11, II Chronicles 4:16, so Heb. Codd. 𝔊 𝔙 Th Ke Sta Klo al.)
platform or stage of bronze (prob. round, bowl-like in shape) on which, according to Chr, solomon stood and kneeled II Chronicles 6:13.
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כוּר
vb. meaning dub., perhaps bore, or dig, or hew (DlProl. 121 comp. Assyrian kâru, fell trees (DlHWB 324))—only
Pf. 3 pl. כארו = כָּארוּ for כָּרוּ Psalms 22:17 (MT כָּאֲרִי, v. אֲרִי) they have bored (digged, hewn) my hands and my feet (si vera l.; cf. Vrss De Pe Che Bae al.; some, however, deriving from כרה in this sense); hence perhaps following.
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כּ֫וֹרֶשׁ
and (Ezra 1:1, Ezra 1:2) כֹּ֫רֶשׁ n.pr.m. Cyrus (Pers. Kʾurʾu, SpiegAPK 215; Bab. Kuraš COT on Ezra 1:1, Dl in Baer Dn. p. x)—king of (Anzan = Susiana, Tiele Bab.-Assyr. Gesch. 469, and) Persia, conqueror of Babylon (Tiele ib; 468 ff.), restorer of Jews to Palestine Isaiah 44:28; Isaiah 45:1 Ezra 1:7; called מֶלֶךְ פָּרַס II Chronicles 36:22(×2), II Chronicles 36:23 Ezra 1:1(×2), Ezra 1:2 also Ezra 1:8; Ezra 4:3, Ezra 4:5 Daniel 10:1; simply הַמֶּלֶךְ Daniel 1:21.
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כּוּשׁ
n.pr.pers.m., gent. et terr. (Egyptian Kōš, SteindorffBAS i, 593, Assyrian Kûsu, Id. ib. DlPa 251; Kaši in Tel Amarna tablets, vid. WklTelAm. 39 );—
1st ‘son’ of חָם Genesis 10:6, Genesis 10:7 (P) = I Chronicles 1:8, I Chronicles 1:9, 𝔊 Χονς, 𝔙 Chus, from whom descended according to these vv. the southernmost peoples known to Hebrews.
land and people of southern Nile-valley, or Upper Egypt, extending from Syene (Ezekiel 29:10) indefinitely to the south, 𝔊 Αιθιοπια, Αιθιοπες:
indeterminate, either land or people, or including both: Isaiah 20:3, Isaiah 20:5; Isaiah 43:3; Isaiah 45:14 II Kings 19:9 = Isaiah 37:9 Nahum 3:9 Ezekiel 30:4, Ezekiel 30:5, Ezekiel 30:9 Psalms 87:4 (𝔊 λαὸς Αιθιοπων).
in Genesis 10:8 (J) = I Chronicles 1:10 כּוּשׁ is err. for כַּשׁ = Bab. Kaššu, according to SchrCOT on Genesis 10:6, DlPa 51 ff. 72 f. and most Assyriol.; so perhaps also Genesis 2:13 (J), yet v. HptÜber Ld. u. Meer, 1894–5, No. 15.
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כּוּשׁ²
n.pr.m. a Benjamite, Psalms 7:1 (title), 𝔊 Χουσει υἱοῦ Ιεμενει.
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כּוּשִׁי
n.pr.m. 𝔊 Χουσει—
Jeremiah 36:14 great-grandfather of יְהוּדִי, q.v. (perhaps orig. appellat. Cushite).
father of prophet Zephaniah Zephaniah 1:1.
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כּוּשָׁן
n.pr., gent. vel terr., only אָהֳלֵי כ׳ Habakkuk 3:7 (‖ מִדְיָן), 𝔊 Αιθιοπων.
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כּוּשַׁן רִשְׁעָתַ֫יִם
n.pr.m. king of Aram Naharaim Judges 3:8(×2), Judges 3:10(×2); otherwise unknown, 𝔊 Χουσαρσαθαιμ, 𝔊L Χουσανρεσαμωθ.
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כּוּתָה
n.pr.loc. whence king of Assyria (Sargon) transported colonists into N. Israel, מִכּוּתָה II Kings 17:24, אַנְשֵׁי־כוּת v II Kings 17:30; Bab. Kûtû, Kûtê, mod. Tel-Ibrahim, c. 20 m. NE. from Babylon, v. COT II Kings 17:24 DlPar217 M-AJBL 1892, xi, 169.
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כָּזַב
vb. lie, be a liar (Arabic كَذَبَ Aramaic כְּדַב ܟܕܰܒ id. chiefly Pa.; NH כָּזַב)
Pt. כָּל־הָאָדָם כֹּזֵב Psalms 116:11 (cf. כָּזָב Psalms 62:10).
Pf. 3 fs. תֹּחַלְתּוֹ נִכְזָ֑בָה Job 41:1 his hope has been made deceptive, i.e. been shewn to be so; 2 ms. consec. וְנִכְזָ֑בְתָּ Proverbs 30:6 lest he convict thee and thou be proved a liar.
Pf. 3 ms. כִּזֵּב Micah 2:11; Impf. 3 ms. יְכַזֵּב Habakkuk 2:3 Proverbs 14:5; וִיכַזֵּב Numbers 23:19, etc.; Inf. cstr. sf. (בְּ)כַזֶּבְכֶם Ezekiel 13:19;—
lie, tell a lie, abs., Numbers 23:19 (JE), Micah 2:11 Job 6:28; Job 34:6 Proverbs 14:5 Isaiah 57:11; sq. לְ pers. lie to Ezekiel 13:19 Psalms 78:36; Psalms 89:36; sq. בְּ pers. tell a lie with, i.e. in intercourse, converstion with II Kings 4:16.
disappoint, fail, of a divine revelation Habakkuk 2:3; waters of a spring Isaiah 58:11.
Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַכְזִיבֵנִי Job 24:25 who will make me a liar? i.e. prove me to be so (cf. Niph.)
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כָּזָב
n.m. Amos 2:4 lie, falsehood, deceptive thing;—abs. כ׳ Hosea 12:2 + 19 times; pl. abs. כְּזָבִים Judges 16:10 + 9 times; sf. כִּזְבֵיהֶם Amos 2:4;—lie, falsehood, c. דִּבֶּר Judges 16:10, Judges 16:13 Hosea 7:13 Zephaniah 3:13 Daniel 11:27 Psalms 5:7; Psalms 58:4, so Ezekiel 13:8 Co (by transp. כ׳ with שָׁוְא, cf. v Ezekiel 13:6, Ezekiel 13:7, Ezekiel 13:9); c. יָפִיחַ (in Pr) Proverbs 6:19; Proverbs 14:5, Proverbs 14:25; Proverbs 19:5, Proverbs 19:9; of false prophecies (divinations) c. אָמַר, מִקְסַם כ׳ Ezekiel 13:7; c. קָסָם v Ezekiel 13:9; Ezekiel 21:34; Ezekiel 22:28 + Ezekiel 13:6 𝔊 Co (קָסוֹם כ׳, for MT קֶסֶם כ׳); c. שָׁמַע Ezekiel 13:19, בִּקֵּשׁ Psalms 4:3; c. רָצָה delight in Psalms 62:5; so in the phr. דְּבַר־כ׳ Proverbs 30:8, אִישׁ כ׳ Proverbs 19:22 = liar, עֵד כְּזָבִים Proverbs 21:28 = false witness; of idols as a lie (res ementita) Amos 2:4, so prob. שָׂטֵי כ׳ those turning aside to a lie Psalms 40:5 (cf. אָוֶן, אֱלִיל, הֶבֶל, שֶׁקֶר); then of empty human pretensions כ׳ וָשֹׁד יַרְבֶּה Hosea 12:2, Isaiah 28:15 (‖ שֶׁקֶר), v Isaiah 28:17 (מַחְסֵה כ׳), Psalms 62:10 (‖ הֶבֶל; cf. כֹּזֵב Psalms 116:11); לֶחֶם כְּזָבִים Proverbs 23:3 = deceptive (disappointing) bread.
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כֹּֽזֵבָ֗א
n.pr.loc. I Chronicles 4:22 𝔊 Σωκηθα, A 𝔊L Χωζηβα, = אַכְזִיב 1. v. infr.
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כָּזְבִּי
n.pr.f. a woman of Midian Numbers 25:15, Numbers 25:18, 𝔊 Χασβ(ε)ι.
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כֹּחַ
n.[m.] a small reptile, prob. a kind of lizard, in list of unclean creeping things Leviticus 11:30; 𝔊 𝔙 AV chameleon; on various opinions v. Di.
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כֹּחַ²
v. sub כחח.
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כָּחַד
vb. not in Qal; Pi. Hiph. hide, efface; Niph. (usually) pass. (Aramaic אתכחדו be effacedJob 4:7; ܟܚܶܕ is revere, Pt. venerable, Pa. put to shame, Ethpa. be ashamed; Ethiopic ክሕደ deny, apostatize)
Pf. 3 ms. נִכְחַד Hosea 5:3 + 2 times; 3 pl. נִכְחָ֑דוּ Job 4:7 Psalms 69:6; Impf. 3 ms. יִכָּחֵד II Samuel 18:13, etc.; Pt. נִכְחֶדֶת Zechariah 11:9; pl. נִכְחָדוֹת Zechariah 11:16 Job 15:28;—
be hidden, sq. מִן pers., II Samuel 18:13 Hosea 5:3 Psalms 69:6; Psalms 139:15.
be effaced, destroyed Zechariah 11:9 Job 4:7; Job 15:28 (עָרִים נִכְחָדוֹת), Job 22:20, sq. מִן־הָאָרֶץ Exodus 9:15 (J); Pt. intrans. of incomplete process = going to ruin Zechariah 11:9(×2), Zechariah 11:16.
Pf. כִּחֵד I Samuel 3:18; 1 s. כִּחַדְתִּי Job 6:10 Psalms 40:11; 3 pl. כִּחֲדוּ Job 15:18; כִּחֵ֑דוּ Isaiah 3:9; Impf. 2 ms. תְּכַחֵד Joshua 7:19 + 4 times; 2 fs. תְּכַחֲדִי II Samuel 14:18; 1 s. אֲכַחֵד Jb 27:11; 2 mpl. תְּכַחֵ֑דוּ Jeremiah 50:2; 1 pl. נְכַחֵד Genesis 47:18 Psalms 78:4;—hide, sq. מִן pers. Genesis 47:18 (J), Joshua 7:19 (JE), I Samuel 3:17(×2), I Samuel 3:18 II Samuel 14:18 Jeremiah 38:14, Jeremiah 38:25 Psalms 78:4; sq. לְ pers. Psalms 40:11 conceal toward, with ref. to, i.e. from; without prep. Isaiah 3:9 Jeremiah 50:2 Job 15:18; Job 27:11; = disown Job 6:10.
Pf. 1 s. consec. sf. וְהִכְחַדְתִּיו Exodus 23:23; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּכְחֵד II Chronicles 32:21, sf. יַכְחִידֶנָּה Job 20:12; 1 s. וָאַכְחִד Zechariah 11:8; 1 pl. sf. וְנַכְחִידֵם Psalms 83:5; Inf. cstr. לְהַכְחִיד I Kings 13:34;—
hide, in fig. יַכְחִידֶנָּה תַּחַת לְשֹׁנוֹ Job 20:12 (obj. wickedness)
efface, annihilate Exodus 23:23 (E), I Kings 13:34 (‖ חַשְׁמִיד), Zechariah 11:8 II Chronicles 32:21; sq. מִגּוֹי Psalms 83:5, i.e. from being (so that they be not) a nation.
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כֹּחַ³
and (†Daniel 11:6) כּוֹחַ n.m. Deuteronomy 4:37 strength, power (NH id.);—כ׳ abs. Deuteronomy 8:18 +; cstr. Numbers 14:17 +; sf. כֹּחִי Genesis 31:6 +; כֹּחֲךָ Judges 16:6 +, כֹּחֶ֑ךָ Proverbs 5:10, כֹּחֶ֑כָה Proverbs 24:10, etc.; always sg.;—
human strength:
physical, of Samson Judges 16:5, Judges 16:6, Judges 16:9, Judges 16:15, Judges 16:17, Judges 16:19, Judges 16:30; strength in toil Isaiah 44:12 (זְרוֹעַ כֹּתוֹ), v Isaiah 44:12 Leviticus 26:20 Nehemiah 4:4; of manly vigour (in procreation) אַתָּה כֹּחִי וְרֵאשִׁית אוֹנִי Genesis 49:3 (poem in J; said to Reuben); vigour in gen. Joshua 14:11(×2) (JE), Judges 6:14 I Samuel 28:22 Job 6:11, Job 6:12 Psalms 31:11; Psalms 38:11; Psalms 71:9; Psalms 102:24; Proverbs 20:29; as sustained by food I Kings 19:8; lack of such vigour is לֹא־כֹחַ Job 26:2, cf. מִכֹּחַ Jeremiah 48:45 without strength; בְּלֹא־כ׳ Lamentations 1:6; יְגִיעֵי־כ׳ Job 3:17; כֹּחַ לֹא־הָיָה בוֹ I Samuel 28:20, cf. Daniel 10:8, Daniel 10:17; in Psalms 22:16 read חִכִּי, so Ew Ol Che al.; specif. of power of voice Isaiah 40:9.
more inclusively, ability, efficiency: sq. inf., ability to weep I Samuel 30:4; to get wealth Deuteronomy 8:18; to bring forth (a child; in fig.) II Kings 19:3 = Isaiah 37:3; sq. לַעֲמֹד Daniel 1:4 Ezra 10:13, cf. Daniel 11:15; without inf. I Chronicles 29:2 Ezra 2:69; of efficiency in battle II Chronicles 14:10; II Chronicles 20:12; II Chronicles 26:13; for porter’s service in temple אִישׁ־חַיִל בַּכֹּחַ לַעֲבֹדָה I Chronicles 26:8; ability or efficiency in gen. Genesis 31:6 Proverbs 24:5, Proverbs 24:10 Ecclesiastes 4:1; Ecclesiastes 9:10, so prob. כֹּחַ יְדֵיהֶם Job 30:2; עָצַר כֹּחַ (late, cf. עצר) retain ability or strength, sq. inf.; נַעְצֹר כ׳ לְהִתְנַדֵּב I Chronicles 29:14 that we should retain (have) ability to make freewill-offerings; to build II Chronicles 2:5; c. neg., without inf., Daniel 10:8, Daniel 10:16 (cf. Daniel 11:6, c.).
power of a people, or king, Joshua 17:17 Nahum 2:2 Habakkuk 1:11 Isaiah 49:4 (of servant of י׳), Lamentations 1:14 Daniel 8:22, Daniel 8:24, also v Daniel 8:24 (si vera l., v. Bev), Daniel 11:25 (‖ לֵבָב); c. עָצַר II Chronicles 13:20; II Chronicles 22:9 Daniel 11:6 (לֹא תַעְצֹר כ׳ הַזְּרוֹעַ, cf. b); in Hosea 7:9 fig. of body seems combined with that of land yielding produce (v. 5 infr.)
power conferred by God Isaiah 40:29, cf. v Isaiah 40:31; Isaiah 41:1; of prophetic power Micah 3:8.
strength of angels Psalms 103:20.
power of God: in creation Jeremiah 10:12; Jeremiah 51:51 (see also Jeremiah 32:17 infr.); Psalms 65:7; in governing the world I Chronicles 29:12 II Chronicles 20:6 Psalms 29:4; in acts of deliverance and judgment Exodus 9:16; Exodus 15:6; Exodus 32:11 Numbers 14:13, Numbers 14:17 (JE), Isaiah 50:2 II Chronicles 25:8 Job 9:19; Job 24:22; Job 26:12; Job 30:18; Job 36:22; in combin. כֹּחַ גָּדוֹל Deuteronomy 4:37; ‖ יָד חֲזָקָה Exodus 32:11 (JE), Nehemiah 1:10; ‖ זְרוֹעַ נְטוּיָה Deuteronomy 9:29 II Kings 17:36 Jeremiah 27:5; Jeremiah 32:17; he is רַב־כֹּחַ Psalms 147:5, cf. רֹב כֹּחוֹ Isaiah 63:1 Job 23:6; also גדול־כֹּחַ Nahum 1:3; אַמִּיץ כֹּחַ Isaiah 40:26 Job 9:4, שַׂגִּיא־כֹחַ Job 37:23; כֹּחַ מַעֲשָׂיו Psalms 116:6 the power of his works; קוֹל י׳ בַּכֹּחַ Psalms 29:4 (of thunder); specif. of his wisdom (rather peculiarly, Elihu) כַּבִּיר כֹּחַ לֵב Job 36:5 mighty in strength of mind.
of animals: wild ox Job 39:11, horse v Job 39:21, hippopot. Job 40:16, bullock Proverbs 14:4; he-goat Daniel 8:6, ram v Daniel 8:7.
strength, of soil i.e. produce, Genesis 4:12 (J), Job 31:39; (Hosea 7:9 v. 1. c supr.); = wealth (cf. חַיִל Proverbs 5:10 Job 6:22.
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כָּחַשׁ
vb. be disappointing, deceive, fail, grow lean (NH כָּחַשׁ grow lean; Hiph. convict of falsehood, refute; Aramaic כְּחַשׁ grow lean; כַּחְשָׁא leanness, כְּחִישׁוּתָא leanness, weakness; Aph. as NH Hiph.)
Pf. 3 ms. וּבְשָׂרִי כָּחַשׁ מִשָּׁ֑מֶן Psalms 109:24 my flesh hath grown lean (away) from fatness (‖ בִּרְכַּי כָּֽשְׁלוּ מִצּוֹם).
Impf. וְיִכָּֽחֲשׁוּ אֹיְבֶיךָ לָךְ Deuteronomy 33:29 thine enemies shall cringe (come cringing, i.e. orig. act deceptively, feigning obedience) to thee (cf. also Pi 3, Hithp.)
Pf. 3 ms. כִּחֵשׁ I Kings 13:18 Habakkuk 3:17; וְכִ֫חֶשׁ consec. (bef. monosyll.) Leviticus 5:22 Job 8:18, etc.; Impf. (בָּהּ) יְכַ֫חֶשׁ Hosea 9:2; 3 fs. וַתְּכַחֵשׁ Genesis 18:15, etc.; inf. abs. כַּחֵשׁ Hosea 4:2 Isaiah 59:13; cstr. Zechariah 13:4;—
deceive, abs. Genesis 18:15 (J), Joshua 7:11 (JE), Hosea 4:2 (אלה וכחשׁ together = false swearing according to WeKl. Pr.; + וְרָצֹחַ וְגָנֹב וְנָאֹ֑ף), cf. לֹא תִגְנֹ֑בוּ וְלֹא־תְכַחֲשׁוּ וְלֹא תְשַׁקְּרוּ אִישׁ בַּעֲמִיתוֹ Leviticus 19:11 (H); לְמַעַן כ׳ Zechariah 13:4 in order to deceive; sq. לְ pers. I Kings 13:18 Job 31:28; sq. בְ pers. et rei Leviticus 5:21, בְ rei v Leviticus 5:22.
act deceptively against (i.e. seem to acknowledge, but not really do so), sq. בְ pers. Joshua 24:27 (E) Jeremiah 5:12 Isaiah 59:13 Job 8:18, appar. also וְתִירוֹשׁ יכ׳ בָּהּ Hosea 9:2 and new wine shall deny her (Isr.; i.e. refuse to acknowledge her as its mistress, not yield itself to her); abs. Proverbs 30:9.
cringe = come cringing (make shew of obedience, v. Niph.), sq. בְ pers. Psalms 18:45 (Hithp. in ‖ II Samuel 22:45); sq. לְ pers. Psalms 66:3; Psalms 81:16.
disappoint, fail, abs. כִּחֵשׁ מַעֲשֵׂה זַיִת Habakkuk 3:17 the product of the olive hath failed (in sense comp. Hosea 9:2 supr.)
Impf. יִתְכַּחֲשׁוּ לִי II Samuel 22:45 shall come cringing to me (‖ Psalms 18:45, v. supr.)
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כַּ֫חַשׁ
n.m. Job 16:8 1. lying 2. leanness;—abs. כ׳ Hosea 12:1 + 2 times; כָּ֑חַשׁ Hosea 10:13; sf. כַּחֲשִׁי Job 16:8; pl. sf. כַּחֲשֵׁיהֶם Hosea 7:3;—
lying, אֲכַלְתֶּם פְּרִי כ׳ Hosea 10:13 ye have eaten the fruit of lying; Hosea 7:3 (‖ רָעָה), Hosea 12:1; of Nineveh, כ׳ פֶּרֶק מְלֵאָה Nahum 3:1 of lying (and) robbery it is full; Psalms 59:13 (‖ אָלָה).
of Job’s affliction Job 16:8 my leanness hath risen up against me (cf. Psalms 109:24; 𝔗 J Genesis 41:27, Ecclesiastes 12:5; Talm. כחשׁא; > my lying, i.e. my affliction regarded as a lying witness, Di Buhl al.)
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כִּי²
conj. that, for, when (Moab. id.: Ph. כ. Prob. from the same demonstr. basis found in ܟܳܐ here, and in certain pronouns, as Aramaic דֵּךְ this (WSG 110 f.); perhaps also ultim. akin with كَىْ that, in order that, and ܟܰܝ then, enclit., like Lat. nam in quisnam?)
that (ὅτι, Germ. dass):
prefixed to sentences depending on an active verb, and occupying to it the place of an accus.: so constantly, after vbs. of seeing, as Genesis 1:10 וַיַּרְא אֱלֹהִים כִּי טוֹב and God saw that it was good, Genesis 3:6; Genesis 6:2, Genesis 6:5; Genesis 12:14 + often, hearing Genesis 14:14; Genesis 29:33, knowing Genesis 22:12; Genesis 24:14, telling Genesis 3:11; Genesis 12:18, repenting Genesis 6:6, Genesis 6:7, swearing Genesis 22:16 Jeremiah 22:5, believing Exodus 4:5 Lamentations 4:12, remembering Psalms 78:35, forgetting Job 39:15; אָמַר = command (late; in early Heb. the words said are quoted) Job 36:10, Job 36:24) זְכֹר in a command) Job 37:20 I Chronicles 21:18 (contrast II Samuel 24:18) etc.; טוֹב כּי it is good thatII Samuel 18:3 + (v. p. 374b: usually the inf. c., as Genesis 2:18; v. ibid.); Genesis 37:26 מַה־בֶּצַע כִּי נַהֲרֹג what profit that we should slay (impf.) …? Malachi 3:14 what profit כִּי שָׁמַרְנוּ that we have kept (pf.) …? Job 22:3 הַחֵפֶץ לְשַׁדַּי כִּי is it pleasure to Shaddai that …? after a pron., as Psalms 41:12 by this I know that thou hast pleasure in me, that my enemy cannot triumph over me, Psalms 42:5 these things will I remember … that (or how) I used to go, etc., Psalms 56:10 this I know that god is for me, Job 13:16 (הוא). And with כִּי repeated pleon. after an intervening clause II Samuel 19:7 Jeremiah 26:15 +; כִּיוְכִי Genesis 3:6; Genesis 29:12 Exodus 4:31 Joshua 2:9; Joshua 8:21; Joshua 10:1 I Samuel 31:7 II Samuel 5:12 I Kings 11:21 Jeremiah 40:7, Jeremiah 40:11; לֵאמֹרוְכִי Genesis 45:26 Judges 10:10.
כִּי often introduces the direct narration (like ܕ, أَنْ, and the Gk. ὅτι recitativum, e.g. Luke 4:21), in which case it cannot be represented in English (except by inverted commas), Genesis 21:30; Genesis 29:33 and she said, כִּי שׁמע י׳ Yahweh hath heard, etc.; Exodus 3:12 = Judges 6:16 and he said, כִּי אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I will be with thee, Joshua 2:24 I Samuel 2:16 (v. Dr) I Samuel 10:19 and ye have said to him, כִּי מֶלֶךְ תָּשִׂים עָלֵינוּ Thou shalt set a king over us, II Samuel 11:23 I Kings 1:13; I Kings 20:5 Ruth 1:10, cf. Ruth 2:21 (but in reply to a qu. כִּי may = because, v. sub 3; and so also in sentences giving the expl. of a proper name, Genesis 26:22; Genesis 29:32 (but De surely: v. infr.), Exodus 2:10 (cf. Genesis 4:25; Genesis 41:51, Genesis 41:52); in כִּי מָה, introducing an expostulation, I Samuel 29:8 I Kings 11:22 II Kings 8:13, it gives the reason for a suppressed ‘Why do you say this?’).
especially after an oath חַי אָ֫נִי, חַי י׳ etc., introducing the fact sworn to, Genesis 42:16 by the life of Pharaoh, כִּי מְרַגְּלִים אַתֶּם (I say) that ye are spies; but through Heb. usage prob. gave it an asseverative force, Engl. idiom does not require it to be expressed: Numbers 14:22 I Samuel 20:3 as י׳ liveth, כִּי כִפֶשַׂע בֵּינִי וּבֵין הַמָּוֶת there is but a step between me and death! I Samuel 26:16; I Samuel 29:6 Isaiah 49:18 +; I Samuel 14:44 כֹּה־יַעֲשֶׂה אֱלֹהִים וְכֹה יוֹסִיף כִּי מוֹת תָּמוּת thus may God do and more also: thou shalt surely die! II Samuel 3:35 I Kings 2:23 Ruth 1:17 al.—Note that כִּי when thus used is often repeated after an intervening clause, in order that its force may be fully preserved: Genesis 22:16 I Samuel 14:39 כִּי מוֹת יָמוּת (אִם־יֶשְׁנוֹ בְּיוֹנָתָן בְּנִי) חַי י׳ כִּי I Samuel 25:34 II Samuel 2:27 כִּי אָז וג׳ (לוּלֵא דִּבַּרְתָּ) כִּי, II Samuel 3:9; II Samuel 15:21 Qr I Kings 1:30 Jeremiah 22:24.
כִּי is used sometimes with advs. and interjs. to add force or distinctness to the affirmation which follows: (a) so especially in אַף כִּי (v. אַף); †הֲכִי is it that? (as a neutral interrrog.) II Samuel 9:1, (expecting a neg. answer) Genesis 29:15 is it that thou art my brother, and shalt (therefore) serve me for nothing? Job 6:22 is it that I have said, Give unto me? expressing surprise Genesis 27:36 is it that he is called Jacob, and has (hence) supplanted me twice? II Samuel 23:19 an affirm. answer is required (wh. would imply הֲלֹא כִי): read prob. with the ‖ I Chronicles 11:25 הִנּוֹ behold, he, etc.; †אִם־לֹא כִּי Deuteronomy 32:30 were it not that …; †אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2 of a truth (is it) that ye are the people, etc.; †אַךְ כִּי I Samuel 8:9; אֶפֶס כִּי Numbers 13:28 +; גַּם כִּיRuth 2:21; †הֲלֹא כִי I Samuel 10:1 (but v. 𝔊 Dr), II Samuel 13:28; †הִנֵּה כִי Psalms 128:4; cf. Psalms 118:10-12 בְּשֵׁם י׳ כִּי אֲמִילַֽם in the name of י׳ (is it) that—or (I say) that—I will mow them down; Job 39:27 doth the vulture mount up at thy command, וְכִי יָרִים קִנּוֹ and (is it) that it (so) makes high its nest? Isaiah 36:19 have the gods of the nations delivered each his land etc.? … וְכִי הִצִּילוּ i.e. (Hi) and (is it) that they have delivered Samaria out of my hand? > (Ew§ 354 c De Di) and that they have delivered Samaria out of my hand! = how much less (אַף כִּי) have they, etc.! (‖ II Kings 18:34 כִּי alone, perhaps conformed by error to v II Kings 18:35; II Chronicles 32:15 אַף כִּי, which however does not decide the sense of the orig. וְכִי). I Chronicles 29:14 וְכִי מִי read ומי or כי מי. (b) in introducing the apodosis, especially in כִּי עַתָּה (chiefly after לוּלֵא) indeed then …, Genesis 31:42; Genesis 43:10 for unless we had tarried כִּי עַתָּה שַׁבְנוּ surely then we had returned twice, Numbers 22:23 (read לוּלֵי for אוּלַי); so I Samuel 14:30 𝔊 (after לוּא), and I Samuel 13:13 Hi We (לֻא for לֹא); after אִם Job 8:6 surely then he will awake over thee, etc. (But elsewhere כִּי עַתָּה is simply for now, Genesis 29:32 Job 7:21 +; or for then = for in that case, Exodus 9:15 Numbers 22:29 Job 3:13; Job 6:3 +). It is dub. whether כִּי אָז has the same sense: for II Samuel 2:27; II Samuel 19:7 the כִּי in כִּי אָז may be merely resumptive of the כִּי recitat. preceding (vid. a, c). Rare otherwise: Exodus 22:22 if thou afflict him כִּי אִם־צָעֹק יִצְעַק ’tis that (= indeed), if he cries unto me, I will hear him, Isaiah 7:9 if ye believe not כִּי לֹא תֵאָמֵֽנוּ ׃ indeed ye will not be established.
there seem also to be other cases in which כִּי, standing alone, has an intensive force, introducing a statement with emph., yea, surely, certainly (Germ. ja—a lighter particle than these Engl. words): see in EVV Genesis 22:17 Exodus 18:11 Numbers 23:23 I Samuel 17:25; I Samuel 20:26 II Kings 23:22 Isaiah 32:13; Isaiah 60:9 Jeremiah 22:22; Jeremiah 31:19 Hosea 6:9; Hosea 8:6; Hosea 9:12; Hosea 10:3 Amos 3:7 Psalms 76:11; Psalms 77:12 (Ew Che), Proverbs 30:2 (but not if construed as RVm), Ecclesiastes 4:16; Ecclesiastes 7:7, Ecclesiastes 7:20 Job 28:1 +; Lamentations 3:22 (𝔖 𝔗 Ew Th Öt) the mercies of י׳, surely they are not consumed (read prob. תַמּוּ or תָֽמְמוּ for תמנו), Ruth 3:12 כִּי אָמְנָם yea, indeed. But it is doubtful whether כִּי has this force in all the passages for which scholars have had recourse to it, and whether in some it is not simply = for. De Proverbs 30:1 would restrict the usage to cases in which a suppressed clause may be understood.
that, expressing consecution, especially after a question implying surprise or deprecation: sq. perf., Genesis 20:9 what have I sinned against thee כִּי הֵבֵאתָ עָלַי that thou hast brought on me? I Samuel 17:26; I Samuel 22:8 Isaiah 22:1 what aileth thee, that thou art gone up, etc.? v Isaiah 22:16 Isaiah 36:5; Isaiah 52:5 Micah 4:9 Habakkuk 2:18; sq. ptcp. Judges 14:3 I Samuel 20:1 I Kings 18:9 how have I sinned that thou art giving, etc.? II Kings 5:7 Ezekiel 24:19; usually sq. impf. Exodus 3:11 who am I כִּי אֵלֵךְ that I should go, etc.? Exodus 16:7 Judges 8:6; Judges 9:28; II Kings 8:13 Isaiah 7:13; Isaiah 29:16 (also pf.), Psalms 8:5 what is man כִּי תִזְכְּרֶנּוּ? Job 3:12 or why the breasts כִּי אִינָקֽ ׃ that I should suck? Job 6:11 מַה־כֹּחִי כִּי אֲיַחֵל, Job 7:12, Job 7:17; Job 10:5; Job 13:25; Job 15:12 Job 15:14; Job 16:3; Job 21:15 +; after a neg., Genesis 40:15 here also I have done nothing כִּי שָׂמוּ that they should have placed me in the dungeon, Psalms 44:19 our heart has not turned backward, etc. כִּי דִכִּיתָנוּ that thou shouldst have crushed us, etc., Isaiah 43:22 not me hast thou called on, כִּי יָגַעְתָּ בִּי that thou shouldst have wearied thyself with me, Hosea 1:6 (v. RV), Job 41:2 Ruth 1:12 I am too old to have an husband כִּי אָמַרְתָּי that I should have said, etc. (cf. Ew§337a; Dr§ 39 δ).
added to preps. כִּי converts them, like אֲשֶׁר, into conjs. …, as יַעַן כִּי because that …: v. sub יַעַן, עַד, עַל, עֵקֶב, תַּחַת.
Of time, when, of the past וַיְהִי כִּי Genesis 6:1 (cf. BuUrg. 6), Genesis 26:8; Genesis 27:1 II Samuel 6:13; II Samuel 7:1; II Samuel 19:26 + (כַּאֲשֶׁר, and especially כְּ c. inf., are more freq.); וְהָיָה כִּי (simple וְ) I Samuel 1:12; I Samuel 17:48; Joshua 22:7 Judges 2:18; Judges 12:5 והיה כי יאמרו and it would be, whenever (freq.) they said, Jeremiah 44:19 (ptcp.), Hosea 11:1 Psalms 32:3 כי החרשׁתר when I was silent, Job 31:21, Job 31:26, Job 31:29; of present (usually with impf.) as Exodus 18:16 כִּי יִהְיֶה לָהֶם דָּבָר when they have a matter, I Samuel 24:20 Isaiah 1:12; Isaiah 30:21 Jeremiah 14:12 Zechariah 7:5, Zechariah 7:6 Malachi 1:8 Psalms 49:19 and men praise thee כִּי תֵיטִיב לָ֑ךְ when thou doest well to thyself, Psalms 102:1; Psalms 127:5 +, with pf. Ezekiel 3:19-21; Ezekiel 33:9 Proverbs 11:15; Proverbs 23:22; especially of future, as Genesis 4:12 כִּי תַעֲבֹד אֶת־הָאֲדָמָה when thou shalt till the ground it shall not, etc., Genesis 24:41; Genesis 30:33; Genesis 31:49; Genesis 32:18 Exodus 7:9 when Pharaoh shall speak unto you, Deuteronomy 4:25; Deuteronomy 6:20 +; in phrase (תֹּאמַר וג׳) וְכִי תֹּאמְרוּ Leviticus 25:20 Deuteronomy 18:21 Isaiah 8:19; Isaiah 36:7 Jeremiah 13:22; and especially in וְהָיָה כִּיGenesis 12:12; Genesis 46:33 Deuteronomy 6:10; Deuteronomy 15:16 I Samuel 10:7; I Samuel 25:30 Isaiah 8:21; Isaiah 10:12 + often; with pf. Isaiah 16:12 I Chronicles 17:11 (altered from impf. II Samuel 7:12); with ptcp. (unusual) Numbers 33:51; Numbers 34:2 Deuteronomy 11:31; Deuteronomy 18:9.
elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usually represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם:—(mostly with impf.) Genesis 38:16 Numbers 5:10; Numbers 10:32 Deuteronomy 6:25; Deuteronomy 7:17; Deuteronomy 28:2, Deuteronomy 28:13 I Samuel 20:13 II Samuel 19:8 II Kings 4:29; II Kings 18:22 Jeremiah 38:15 Proverbs 4:8 Job 7:13 (כי אמרתי when I say), Job 19:28; often in laws, as Exodus 21:14, Exodus 21:33, Exodus 21:35, Exodus 21:37; Exodus 22:4, Exodus 22:5 etc., Deuteronomy 13:13; Deuteronomy 14:24; Deuteronomy 15:7, Deuteronomy 15:12; Deuteronomy 17:2; Deuteronomy 18:6, Deuteronomy 18:21 etc.; sometimes, in particular, to state a principle broadly, after which special cases are introduced by אִם, as Exodus 21:2 when (כִּי) thou buyest a Hebrew servant, he shall serve thee six years, after which v Exodus 21:3-5 follow four special cases with אִם if: so Exodus 21:7 (כי), v Exodus 21:8-11 (אם); v Exodus 21:18 (כי), v Exodus 21:19 (אם); v Exodus 21:20 (כי), v Exodus 21:21 (אם); v Exodus 21:22 Exodus 21:28-32; Leviticus 1:2 (כי), v Leviticus 1:3, Leviticus 1:10 (אם) Leviticus 4:2, Leviticus 4:3, Leviticus 4:13, Leviticus 4:27, Leviticus 4:32; Leviticus 13:2 Numbers 30:3 +; though this distinction is not uniformly observed, contrast e.g. Exodus 21:5 with Deuteronomy 15:16; Numbers 5:19 and v Numbers 5:20.—N.B. with כִּי = when or if, the subject is often prefixed for distinctness and emph.: I Kings 8:37 רָעָב כִּי־יִהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ דֶּבֶר כִּי יִהְיֶה וג׳, Isaiah 28:18 Micah 5:4 אַשּׁוּר כִּי־יָבֹא בְאַרְצֵנוּ, Psalms 62:11 Ezekiel 3:19 (וְאַתָּה), Ezekiel 14:9, Ezekiel 14:13; Ezekiel 18:5, Ezekiel 18:18, Ezekiel 18:21; Ezekiel 33:6 (cf. v Ezekiel 33:2); and especially in laws of P, as אָדָם כִּיLeviticus 1:2; Leviticus 13:2, נֶפֶשׁ כִּיLeviticus 2:1; Leviticus 4:2; Leviticus 5:1, Leviticus 5:4, Leviticus 5:15, similiarly Leviticus 15:2, Leviticus 15:16, Leviticus 15:19, Leviticus 15:25; Leviticus 22:12, Leviticus 22:13, Leviticus 22:14 etc., rather differently Numbers 5:20.
when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though:—(a) with impf. Jeremiah 4:30(×3); Jeremiah 14:12; Jeremiah 49:16 כִּי־תַגְבִּיהַּ כַּנֶּשֶׁר קִנֶּ֑ךָ though thou make high like the vulture thy nest, I will bring thee down thence, Jeremiah 51:53 Hosea 13:15 Zechariah 8:6 Psalms 37:24; Psalms 49:19 though in his lifetime he bless himself … he shall come, etc., perhaps also Jeremiah 46:23 Ew (but Hi Gf Ke for), Jeremiah 50:11 Ew Ke (Hi yea); and strengthened by גַּם, גַּם כִּי Isaiah 1:15 Psalms 23:4 (cf. Dr§ 143); (b) with perf. (rare) Micah 7:8 כִּי נָפַלְתִּי קָ֑מְתִּי though I have fallen, I rise, Nahum 1:10 (si vera l.), Psalms 21:12 (Hi Ew Now), Psalms 119:83 (Ew De).
Because, since (ὅτι)—
Genesis 3:14 because thou hast done this, cursed art thou, etc., v Genesis 3:17 Genesis 18:20 the cry of S. and G.—because it is great … (subj. prefixed for emph.: cf. 2 N.B.) Isaiah 28:15; in answer to a qu., Genesis 27:20 Exodus 1:19; Exodus 18:15 II Samuel 19:43 +. Enunciating the conditions under which a fut. action is conceived as possible (Germ. indem) Leviticus 22:9 Deuteronomy 4:29 כי תדרשׁנו, Deuteronomy 12:20 (v.Dr), v Deuteronomy 12:25, Deuteronomy 12:28; Deuteronomy 13:19; Deuteronomy 14:24; Deuteronomy 16:15; Deuteronomy 19:6, Deuteronomy 19:9 +, I Kings 8:35 (cf. v I Kings 8:33 אֲשֶׁר), v I Kings 8:36 כִּי תוֹרֵם, Proverbs 4:8.
more commonly the causal sentence follows, as Genesis 2:3 and God blessed the seventh day כִּי בוֹ שָׁבַת וג׳ because on it he rested, etc., Genesis 4:25 etc., in which case it may often be rendered for, Genesis 2:5, Genesis 2:23; Genesis 3:20; Genesis 5:24; Genesis 6:7; Genesis 6:12, Genesis 6:13 Psalms 6:3 heal me כִּי נִבְהֲלוּ עֲצָמָ֑י for my bones are vexed, Psalms 10:14; Psalms 25:16; Psalms 27:10 + very often Spec. after vbs. expressive of mental emotions, as rejoicing Isaiah 14:29 Psalms 58:11, being angry Genesis 31:35; Genesis 45:5, fearing Genesis 43:18 Psalms 49:17 etc. Iron. I Kings 18:27 for he is a god etc. (4 times); Proverbs 30:4 Job 38:5 כִּי תֵדָ֑ע for or since thou knowest. With subj. prefixed Psalms 128:2. Repeated (with anacol.) Isaiah 49:19.
the causal relation expressed by כִּי is sometimes subtle, especially in poetry, and not apparent without careful study of a passage. Thus sometimes it justifies a statement or description by pointing to a pregnant fact which involves it, as Isaiah 3:8 Job 6:21 (ground of the comparison v Job 6:15-20), Job 14:16 (For …: ground of the wishes expressed v Job 14:13-15), Job 16:22 (ground of v Job 16:20) Job 30:26 (For …), or by pointing to a general truth which it exemplifies Job 5:6 (reason why complaining v Job 5:2-5 is foolish), Job 15:34; Job 23:14; sometimes it is explicative, justifying a statement by unfolding the particulars wh. establish or exemplify it II Samuel 23:5 Isaiah 1:30; Isaiah 5:7; Isaiah 7:8; Isaiah 9:4; Isaiah 10:8-11; Isaiah 13:10 (development of v Isaiah 13:9), Isaiah 32:6 (developing the characters of the נָבָל and כִּילַי, and so explaining why they will no longer be esteemed v Isaiah 13:5); Job 11:16 (explic. of v Job 11:15), Job 18:8 (justifying v Job 18:7), Job 22:26 (justifying v Job 22:25); elsewhere the cause is expressed indirectly or figuratively Isaiah 2:6 (reason why invitation v Isaiah 2:5 is needed), Isaiah 5:10 (sterility of the soil the cause of the desolation v Isaiah 5:9), Isaiah 18:5; Isaiah 28:8 (proof of the intoxication v Isaiah 5:7), Isaiah 31:7 (reason for the exhortation v Isaiah 31:6: the certainty that the folly of idolatry will soon be recognized), Job 7:21 (for soon it will be too late to pardon), Job 27:8-10 (Job wishes his enemy the lot of the wicked, because this is so hopeless); or כִּי relates not to the v. which immed. precedes or follows, but to several, as Isaiah 7:16 (v Isaiah 7:17 specially the ground of the people being reduced to simple fare v Isaiah 7:15), Isaiah 21:6 (ground of the statements vIsaiah 7:1-5), Job 4:5 (ground of v Isaiah 7:2), Job 14:7-12 (v Job 14:10-12 specially the ground for the appeal in v Job 14:6), Job 23:10-13 (ground why God cannot be found v Job 23:8), Psalms 73:21 (ground not of v Psalms 73:20, but of general train of thought v Psalms 73:2-14); so also Genesis 4:24 Deuteronomy 18:14 Isaiah 12:1 Jeremiah 30:11 the reason lies not in the words immed. after כִּי, but in the second part of the sentence; or, on the other hand, it may state the reason for a partic. word, Isaiah 28:20 (justifying ‘nought but terror’ v Isaiah 28:19), Job 23:17 (God’s hostility v Job 23:16 the cause of his misery, not the calamity as such). Sometimes also כִּי, in a poet. or rhet. style, gives the reason for a thought not expressed but implied, especially the answer to a qu.; Isaiah 28:11 (the mockeries of v Isaiah 28:10 have a meaning) ‘for with men of strange lips, etc. he will speak unto this people,’ who will retort the mockeries, charged with a new and terrible meaning, upon those who uttered them (v Isaiah 28:13); = (no,) for Isaiah 28:28 (see RVm), Job 22:2 no, he that is wise is profitable to himself, Job 31:18; Job 39:14 (see v Job 39:13), Psalms 44:24 (he cannot do this, v Psalms 44:23) for for thy sake are we killed, etc., Psalms 130:4 no, with thee is forgiveness; = (yes,) for Isaiah 49:25 (see the qu. v Isaiah 49:24), Isaiah 66:8.
כִּיכִּי ἀσυνδέτως sometimes introduce the proximate and ultimate cause respectively, Genesis 3:19; Genesis 26:7; Genesis 43:32; Genesis 47:20 Exodus 23:33 for [else] thou wilt serve their gods, for it will be a snare to thee, Isaiah 2:6(×2); Isaiah 3:8(×2); Isaiah 6:5, b; Isaiah 10:22 Job 6:3; Job 8:8, Job 8:9(×2); Job 24:17(×2); Job 29:11; sometimes they introduce two co-ordinate causes (where we should insert and), Exodus 23:21, Exodus 23:22 Isaiah 6:5, c I am undone, because I am of unclean lips …, because mine eyes have seen י׳ of hosts, Isaiah 15:5(×2), Isaiah 15:6(×2), Isaiah 15:8, Isaiah 15:9 Zephaniah 3:8 Job 15:25, Job 15:27; Job 20:19; Job 31:11 But כִּיוְכִי also occurs, Genesis 33:11 Numbers 5:20 (if), Joel 1:15 Judges 6:30 I Samuel 19:4; I Samuel 22:17 I Kings 2:26 Isaiah 65:16 +.
after a neg. כִּי for becomes = but (Germ. sondern): Genesis 17:15 thou shalt not call her name Sarai, כִּי שָׂרָה שְׁמָהּ for (= but) Sarah shall be her name, Genesis 24:3; Genesis 45:8 Exodus 1:19; Exodus 16:8 not against us are your murmurings, כי על־י׳ for (they are) agst. י׳ = but agst. י׳, Deuteronomy 21:17 I Samuel 6:3 (אַל), I Samuel 27:1 (v. Dr), I Kings 21:15 Isaiah 10:7; Isaiah 28:27; Isaiah 29:23; Isaiah 30:5 Psalms 44:8; Psalms 118:17 + often; so in לא כי nay, for = nay, but, as Genesis 18:15 לֹא כִּי צָחָֽקְתְּ nay, but thou didst laugh, Genesis 19:2; Genesis 42:12 Joshua 5:14 I Samuel 2:16 MSS 𝔊 (v. Dr), I Samuel 12:12 II Samuel 16:18; II Samuel 24:24 I Kings 2:30; I Kings 3:22; I Kings 11:22 Isaiah 30:16 nay, but we will flee upon horses.
כִּי is sometimes of difficult and uncertain interpretation, and in some of the passages quoted a different expl. is tenable. Authorities especially read the Heb. differently, when the choice is between for and yea. E.g. Isaiah 8:23 Ges Ew§ 330 b doch (no, but); Hi Di for (taking v Isaiah 8:22 as RVm); Ch surely: Isaiah 15:1 Ges Ew Hi Di surely; De for: Isaiah 39:8 Ges Hi De surely; Di for (expl. of טוֹב): Ezekiel 11:16 Hi Ke Co surely; Ew Sm because.—In Exodus 20:22 the tense of וַתְּחַלֲלֶהָ makes it prob. that כִּי is for (Dr§ 153). Job 22:29 is taken with least violence to usage (גַּאֲוָה) as Hi: When they humble thee, and thou sayest (= complainest) Pride! he will save, etc.
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כִּי³
branding, v. sub כוה.
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כִּידוֹן
n.[m.] dart, javelin (NH id.)—abs. כ׳ Joshua 8:18 + 6 times; כִּידֹן Jeremiah 50:42; cstr. כִּידוֹן I Samuel 17:6;—dart, javelin (distinct from חֲנִית spear, lance, q.v.), נטה בַּכּ׳ אשׁר ביד(ך) Joshua 8:18(×2), cf. v Joshua 8:26; רַעַשׁ כ׳ Job 41:21 the rushing sound of a dart; בְּחֶרֶב וּבַחֲנִית וּבְכ׳ I Samuel 17:45 (weapons of Goliath), כ׳ נְחשֶׁת בֵּין כְּתֵפָיו v I Samuel 17:6 (חֲנִית in v I Samuel 17:7); + חֲנִית Job 39:23 also; קֶשֶׁת וְכ׳ Jeremiah 6:23; Jeremiah 50:42.
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כִּידֹן
n.pr.m. I Chronicles 13:9, 𝔊L Χεδων, A Χειλω; = נָכוֹן II Samuel 6:6 (𝔊 Νωδαβ, A Ναχων, 𝔊L Ορνα).
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כִּיּוּן
n.pr.dei. Amos 5:26, prob. = Assyrian kaivânu, planet Saturn (Arabic and Pers. كَيْوَانٌ, Syriac ܟܶܐܘܳܢ), regarded as god; orig. pronunc. כֵּיוָן Schr COT ad loc., cf. Köii. 151 (pointing כִּיּוּן intended to suggest √ כון as something established, firm); kaimâ̆nu = kaiânu, according to Jen Cosm. iii. 502 who der. from כון (cf. Thes; so Zim BP 17); > Hpt ZA ii. 266, 281 f. reads כַּיָּוָן (for כְּאָמָן), reading the Babyl. name Kaʾâmânu; v. also M-AJBL 1892, xi. 86 n. 39.
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כִּיּוֹר
v. sub I. כור.
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כִּימָה²
v. sub כום.
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כִּיס
n.m. Pr 1:14 bag, purse (perhaps kindred with כּוֹם, q.v.; Arabic كِيسٌ (prob. from Pers. كِيسَهْ Lane 2640); Ethiopic ኪስ; NH כִּיס; Aramaic כִּיסָא, ܟܻܝܣܳܐ; Palm. מן כיסה from his purse = at his own expense, Vog p. 13 al.)bag, in which were carried:
money, i.e. a purse Isaiah 46:6; Proverbs 1:14.
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כָּ֫כָה²
v. sub כה p. 462 supr.
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כִּכָּר
v. sub כרר;
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כֹּל
v. sub I. כלל.
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כָּלָא
vb. shut up, restrain, withhold (NH id.; Aramaic כְּלָא, ܟܠܴܐ; Ethiopic ከልአ: restrain, hinder; Assyrian kâiû, id.; Arabic كَلَأَ protect Qor 21:43 cf. Ba ZMG 1887, 605 Anm. 4)
Pf. 3 ms. sf. כְּלָאוֹ Jeremiah 32:3; 3 fs. כָּֽלְאָה Haggai 1:10; 2 fs. sf. כְּלִתִ֫נִי I Samuel 25:33; 1 s. כָּלִאתִי Psalms 119:101; 3 pl. כָּֽלְאוּ Haggai 1:10, כָּלוּ I Samuel 6:10; Impf. 3 ms. יִכְלֶה Genesis 23:6; 2 ms. תִּכְלָא Psalms 40:12; 2 fs. תִּכְלָ֑אִי Isaiah 43:6; 1 s. אֶכְלָא Psalms 40:10; Imv. sf. כְּלָאֵם Numbers 11:28; Inf. cstr. לִכְלוֹא Ecclesiastes 8:8; Pt. pass. כָּלוּא Jeremiah 32:2, כָּלֻא Psalms 88:9; (on the metapl. forms, as if from כלה, v. Ges § 75, 21 ci 611);—
shut up, c. acc. I Samuel 6:10 (+ בְ loc.), Jeremiah 32:3; pt. pass. Jeremiah 32:2 (בְ loc.), fig. Psalms 88:9 (opp. יצא).
restrain, c. acc. I Samuel 25:33 (+ מִבּוֹא בְדָמִים), Psalms 119:101 (+ מִכָּל־); כְּלָאֵם (sc. מֵהִתְנַבֵּא) Numbers 11:28; כ׳ שְׂפָתַי Psalms 40:10; כ׳ אֶת־הָרוּחַ Ecclesiastes 8:8. On Psalms 74:11 v. כלה Pi. 2. 3. withhold, כ׳ אֶת־קִבְרוֹ מִמְּךָ מִקְּבֹר מֵתֶ֑ךָ Genesis 23:6 (P), כ׳ רַחֲמֶיךָ מִמֶּ֑נּי Psalms 40:12, Haggai 1:10, prob. also v a (read מָ֑ל for MT 𝔊 מִטָּ֑ל, We); abs. אַל־תִּכְלָאִי (sc. exiles) Isaiah 43:6 (‖ תְּנִי).
Impf. וַיִּכָּלֵא הַגֶּשֶׁם מִן־הַשָּׁמַיִם Genesis 8:2 (J), and the rain from heaven was restrained, cf. וַיִּכָּֽלְאוּ מַיִם רַבִּים Ezekiel 31:15 (in fig.; ‖ מנע); וַיִּכָּלֵא הָעָם מֵהָבִיא Exodus 36:6 (P).
[Pf. כִּלָּא and] Inf. cstr. לְכַלֵּא v. כלה Pi.
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כֶּ֫לֶא
n.[m.] confinement, restraint, imprisonment;—abs. כ׳ I Kings 22:27 + 6 times; sf. כִּלְאוֹ II Kings 25:29; Jeremiah 52:33; pl. כְּלָאִים Isaiah 42:22;—confinement, in combin. בֵּית (ה)כ׳ (cf. Assyrian bît kīli, prison, Dl HWB 328) I Kings 22:27 = II Chronicles 18:26, II Kings 17:4; Jeremiah 37:15, Jeremiah 37:18; Isaiah 42:7; בָּֽתֵּי כְלָאִים v Isaiah 42:22 (cf. בַּיִת 1 (ε) (2) p. 109 supr.; v. also כלוא infr.); בִּנְדֵי כִלְאוֹ II Kings 25:29 = Jeremiah 52:33 garments of imprisonment = prison-garb.
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כִּלְאַיִם
n.[m.] du. two kinds (Arabic كِلَانِ, كِلَا both; Ethiopic ክልኤ; two; perhaps also כלאי MI23 both, two, Nö LCB 1889, 61, cf. Dr Sm xcii; Sm u. So MI 1886 suggest reservoirs; v. also כְּלִי)בְּהֶמְתְּךָ לֹא תַּרְבִּיעַ כ׳ Leviticus 19:19 not cause thy cattle to breed (in) two kinds; שָֽׂדְךָ לֹא תִּזְרַע כ׳ v Leviticus 19:19 (H); לֹא תִּזְרַע כַּרְמְךָ כ׳ Deuteronomy 22:9 (both כִּלְאָ֑יִם); בֶּגֶד כ׳ Leviticus 19:19 (H);—only in law of H and D against mixtures.
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כִּלְאָב
n.pr.m. second son of David, II Samuel 3:3 = דָּנִיֵּאל I Chronicles 3:1, v. דָּנִיֵּאל 1. p. 193 supr.
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כֶּ֫לֶב
n.m. I Samuel 24:15 dog (NH id.; Ph. כלב; Aramaic כַּלְבָּא, ܟܰܠܒܳܐ; Arabic كَلْبٌ; Ethiopic ከልብ: Assyrian kalbu DlHWB 328)—abs. כ׳ Judges 7:5 + 16 times, כָּ֑לֶב Psalms 59:7, Psalms 59:15; pl. כְּלָבִים I Kings 14:11 + 12 times; cstr. כַּלְבֵי Job 30:1; sf. כְּלָבֶיךָ Psalms 68:24;—dog:
lit. I Kings 14:11; I Kings 16:4; I Kings 21:19(×2), I Kings 21:23, I Kings 21:24; I Kings 22:38; II Kings 9:10, II Kings 9:36 (all of fierce, hungry dogs, devouring dead bodies and licking blood); cf. Jeremiah 15:3 and (לְשׁוֹךָ כְּלָבֶיךָ) Psalms 68:24; eating torn flesh, Exodus 22:30 (E), כַּלְבֵי צֹאנִי = my sheep-dogs, only Job 30:1 (in both these with implied inferiority); dog-sacrifice was a heathen rite Isaiah 66:3 (Di al.); v. especially RSSem i. 273 (291), 325 (343); in various sim. Judges 7:5; Proverbs 26:11, Proverbs 26:17 Psalms 59:7, Psalms 59:15; in proverbial sayings: לֹא יֶחֱרַץ־כ׳ לִשֹׁנוֹ Exodus 11:7 (v. I. חרץ); לְכ׳ חַי הוּא טוֹב מִן־הָאַרְיֵה הַמֵּת Ecclesiastes 9:4.
applied, fig., to men, in contempt I Samuel 17:43, so of psalmist’s enemies Psalms 22:17, Psalms 22:21, or in excessive humility II Kings 8:13; still more emphatically כ׳ מֵת a dead dog, הַכּ׳ הַמֵּת II Samuel 9:8; II Samuel 16:8; also רֹאשׁ כ׳ II Samuel 3:8; כְּלָבִים אִלְּמִים Isaiah 56:10 (of misleading prophets), הַכּ׳ עַזֵּי נֶפֶשׁ v Isaiah 56:11 (id.); כ׳ was name given to male temple-prostitutes Deuteronomy 23:19 (v. Dr; cf. קָדֵשׁ).
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כָּלֵב
n.pr.m. (Nab. n.pr. כלבא Eut (Nö) p. 55. כלבו VogNab. 6; cf. also We Skizzen u. Vorarbeiten iii. 217; on כָּלֵב = dog-clan, v. RSK 17, 190 f., 219, 254);—son of יְפֻנֶּה (𝔊 Χαλεβ; cf. LagBN 78), called הַקְּנִזִּי (v. קְנַז) in JE, Numbers 32:12; Joshua 14:6, Joshua 14:14, cf. Joshua 15:17 = Judges 1:13, Judges 3:9 (where קְנַז is brother of כ׳), also I Chronicles 4:15; treated as full Judahite only in P Numbers 13:6 (v. GFM Ju p. 30 f.) the one of the spies who (with Joshua) reported well of Canaan Numbers 14:6, Numbers 14:24, Numbers 14:30, Numbers 14:38; also Numbers 26:65; Numbers 34:19; Deuteronomy 1:36; Joshua 14:13; Joshua 15:13, Joshua 15:14, Joshua 15:16, Joshua 15:18; Joshua 21:12 (P = I Chronicles 6:41) Judges 1:12, Judges 1:14, Judges 1:15, Judges 1:20 (‖ with Joshua 15); = clan of Caleb I Samuel 30:14 (disting. from Judah). Caleb is called בֶּן־חֶצְרוֹן I Chronicles 2:18, cf. v I Chronicles 2:19, I Chronicles 2:42, I Chronicles 2:46, I Chronicles 2:48, I Chronicles 2:49, I Chronicles 2:50 = כְּלוּבָ֑י v I Chronicles 2:9; בְּכָלֵב אֶפְרָתָה I Chronicles 2:24, read perhaps בָּא כ׳, so 𝔊 𝔙, cf. KauAT (v. אֶפְרָתָה p. 68 supr.)
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כָּלִבִּי
adj.gent. of כָּלֵב I Samuel 25:3 Qr (Kt כְּלִבּוֹ).
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כְּלוּב
n.pr.m.
a name in Judah I Chronicles 4:11, 𝔊 Χαλεβ (according to WeCentib. 20, Hist. 218 = כָּלֵב בֶּן־חֶזְרוֹן; read also for כַּרְמִי v I Chronicles 4:1).
father of one of David’s officers, according to I Chronicles 27:26 (𝔊 Χοβουδ, A Χελουβ, 𝔊L Χαλουβ).
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כְּלוּבָ֑י
n.pr.m. a son of Hezron of Judah, according to I Chronicles 2:9 (𝔊 Χαβελ, A Χαλεβ, 𝔊L Χαλωβι), = כָּלֵב v I Chronicles 2:18 etc. (see כָּלֵב 2).
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כְּלוּב²
n.m. Jeremiah 5:27 basket, cage (√ dub.; NH id., כְּלִיבָה; Aramaic ܟܽܘܠܒܳܫܳܐ in Lexx.; Tel Am. kilubi, bird-net, cf. Zim ZA vi. 145, 147)—abs. כִּכְלוּבמָלֵא עוֹף Jeremiah 5:27 like a cage full of birds; cstr. כְּלוּב קַיִץ Amos 8:1, Amos 8:2 a basket of summer fruit.
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כָּלָה
vb. be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, spent (NH id., Pi.; Ph. כלה; Assyrian kalû, put an end to, and cease, vanish Dl HWB 329; late Aramaic כְּלָא cease, perish (not 𝔗); on root-meaning enclose cf. כלא and Ba ZMG 1887, 605)
Pf. כ׳ I Kings 6:38 +; 3 fs. כָּֽלְתָה I Samuel 20:7 +; 1 s. כָּלִיתִי Psalms 39:11; 3 pl. כָּלוּ Job 19:27 +; 2 mpl. כְּלִיתֶם Malachi 3:6; וּכְלִיתֶם consec. Ezekiel 13:14; 1 pl. כָּלִינוּ Psalms 90:7, etc.; Impf. יִכְלֶה Proverbs 22:8; juss. יִ֫כֶל Job 33:21 (v. Dr§ 171–173 Ges§ 109. 2 b Anm. Da Synt. § 51 R. 5; 64 R. 6); 3 fs. תִּכְלָה I Kings 17:14; וַתֵּ֫כֶל Exodus 39:32 + II Samuel 13:39 (v. infr.); 3 mpl. יִכְלוּ Isaiah 1:28 +, יִכְלָי֑וּן Isaiah 31:3, etc.; Inf. cstr. כְּלוֹת Ruth 2:23 +, etc.;—
be complete, at an end, of a period of time Genesis 41:53 (E; opp. iii. חלל Hiph. begin v Genesis 41:54), Jeremiah 8:20 (‖ עבר); so of action or event, with emphasis on time Isaiah 10:25; Isaiah 24:13; Ruth 2:23; II Chronicles 29:28 (opp. הֵחֵל v II Chronicles 29:27), v II Chronicles 29:34 Daniel 12:7 (‖ קֵץ v Daniel 12:6, Daniel 12:9);—vid. also 2 b infr.
be completed, finished, of a work: temple I Kings 6:38 I Chronicles 28:20; II Chronicles 8:16 (‖ שָׁלֵם), tabernacle Exodus 39:32 (P).
be accomplished, fulfilled, only of purposed wrath, or prediction of י׳, Ezekiel 5:13 (‖ כַּלּוֹתִי v b see Pi.), Daniel 11:36 II Chronicles 36:22 = Ezra 1:1.
be ideally complete, be determined, always in bad sense, plotted, subj. הָרָעָה: sq. מֵעִם of agent I Samuel 20:7, also v I Samuel 20:9 (+ לָבוֹא עַל), + v I Samuel 20:33 (read כָּֽלְתָה, for MT כָּלָה הִיא, 𝔊 We Dr Kit Bu); כ׳ הָרָעָה אֶל־אֲדֹנֵינוּ וְעַל־כָּל־בֵּיתוֹ I Samuel 25:17; sq. מֵאֵת of agent Esther 7:7 (+ אֵלָיו).
be spent, used up (proposes come to an end), of water Genesis 21:15 (E) meal I Kings 17:14, I Kings 17:16.
waste away, be exhausted, fail, lit. of fading grass Isaiah 15:6 (‖ יָבֵשׁ, לֹא היה), of vintage Isaiah 32:10 (opp. בּוֹא), of vanishing cloud Job 7:9 (in sim., ‖ הלך); fig. of fleeting days of life v Job 7:6 (‖ קלל), cf. Psalms 102:4 and כָּלוּ בְיָגוֹן חַיַּי Psalms 31:11, Jeremiah 20:18; v. also 1 a supr.; of flesh Job 33:21, cf. of vital strength Psalms 71:9, בָּשָׂר וּשְׁאֵר Proverbs 5:11, כ׳ שְׁאֵרִי וּלְבָבִי Psalms 73:26, subj. רוּחִי Psalms 143:7; once of י׳’s compassion לֹא־כָלוּ רִחֲמָיו Lamentations 3:22 (‖ תמם, on text. see VB); especially of eyes exhausted by weeping Lamentations 2:11, strained by looking (fig.) for relief or refreshment, fail, languish Lamentations 4:17 Psalms 69:4; Job 11:20; Job 17:5; Jeremiah 14:6 (of wild asses); sq. אֶל Lamentations 4:17; sq. לְ in spiritual sense Psalms 119:82, Psalms 119:123; similarly (sq. לִ) of נפשׁ exhausted by longing Psalms 84:3 (‖ נכסף), Psalms 119:81, כָּלוּ כִלְיֹתַי בְּחֵקִי Job 19:27; so also II Samuel 13:39 where read וַתֵּכֶל רוּחַ הַמֶּלֶךְ (for MT וַתְּכַל דָּוִד הַמּ׳) and the spirit of the king pined to go forth unto Absalom, cf. 𝔊L We Klo Dr Kit Bu.
come to an end, vanish = perish, be destroyed, by י׳’s judgment Isaiah 1:28 (‖ שֶׁבֶר), Isaiah 16:4 (‖ אָפֵם, תָּמַם), Isaiah 29:20 (‖ אָפֵם, נִכְרַת), Isaiah 31:3 (‖ כשׁל, נפל), וּבַחֶרֶב וּבָרָעָב יִכְלוּ Jeremiah 16:4, cf. Jeremiah 44:27 (‖ תָּמַם), Ezekiel 5:12 (‖ מוּת, נָפַל), Ezekiel 13:14 Malachi 3:6 Psalms 37:20(×2) (‖ אבד), Job 4:9 (‖ id.), Psalms 71:13 (‖ בּוֹשׁ); hyperbol., of severe discipline Psalms 39:11; Psalms 90:7 (‖ נבהל); of prosperity of a people Isaiah 21:16; שֵׁבֶט עֶבְרָתוֹ יִכְלֶה Proverbs 22:8 the rod of his wrath perishes (> Ew al. is accomplished, of God’s wrath).—Daniel 12:7 read perhaps וְכִכְלוֹת יַד נֹפֵץ עַם קֹדֶשׁ and when the power of the shatterer of the holy people should come to an end, so Bev after 𝔊 (for difficult MT וּכְכַלּוֹת נַפֵּץ יַד־עַם־קֹדֶשׁ)†.
Pf. כִּלָּה Genesis 18:33 +, כִּלָּא Proverbs 16:30 Baer (van d. H. כִּלָּה), sf. כִּלָּנוּ II Samuel 21:5, כִּלָּם Lamentations 2:22; 3 fs. וְכִלְּתָה consec. Hosea 11:6, sf. וְכִ֫לַּתּוּ consec. Zechariah 5:4; 1 s. כִּלִּיתִי Numbers 25:11, כִּלֵּיתִי Isaiah 49:4, וְכִלֵּיתִ֫י Ezekiel 6:12 + 2 times; sf. כִּלִּיתִים Ezekiel 22:31, וְכִלִּיתִיךָ consec. Exodus 33:5; 3 pl. כִּלּוּ Genesis 24:19 +, etc.; Impf. יְכַלֶּה Isaiah 10:18; וַיְכַל Genesis 2:2; 3 fs. וַתְּכַל Genesis 24:19 + II Samuel 13:39 (but read וַתֵּכֶל We Dr al., and v. Qal 2 b); 1 s. אֲכַלֶּה Genesis 24:25 + 4 times; וָאֲכַל Ezekiel 43:8; sf. אֲכֶלְךָ Exodus 33:3 (Kö i 545); 3 mpl. יְכַלּוּ Job 36:11 + Job 21:13 Qr (Kt יבלו; v. בלה p. 115 supr.), + etc.; Imv. כַּלֵּה Psalms 59:14(×2) + Psalms 74:11 (but text dub., v. infr., 2); mpl. כַּלּוּ Exodus 5:13; Inf. abs. כַּלֵּה I Samuel 3:12 + 5 times; cstr. לְכַלֵּא Daniel 9:24 (metapl. form), כַּלּוֹת I Samuel 2:33 +, etc.; Pt. מְכַלֶּה Jeremiah 14:12; Job 9:22; fpl. מְכַלּוֹת Leviticus 26:16;—
complete, bring to an end, finish a thing, task, work, etc., c. acc. rei Exodus 5:13, Exodus 5:14 (+ inf.; both J), I Kings 6:9, I Kings 6:14; I Kings 7:1; Ezekiel 42:15, Genesis 2:6; Genesis 6:16; Exodus 40:33 (P), Ruth 2:21; II Chronicles 31:1; II Chronicles 7:11; Ezra 9:1, so לְכַלֵּא הַפֶּשַׁע Daniel 9:24 to make an end of the transgression (cf. VB Bev); Leviticus 23:22 (modified from Leviticus 19:9 q.v. infr.); acc. om. II Chronicles 31:7 (opp. הֵחֵל לְ), II Chronicles 24:10, II Chronicles 24:14; Nehemiah 3:34.
complete a period of time יָמִים Ezekiel 4:6, Ezekiel 4:8; complete one’s days, enjoy the full measure of human life Job 21:13; Job 36:11, or bring one’s years to an end Psalms 90:9, with added idea of transitoriness.
finish doing a thing, usually sq. ל inf. Genesis 18:33; Genesis 24:15, Genesis 24:19(×2), Genesis 24:22 (all J), Genesis 17:22; Exodus 31:18; Numbers 4:15 (all P), Amos 7:2 I Kings 1:41; II Chronicles 29:29; Ruth 3:3 + 31 times incl. II Samuel 11:19, where obj. of infin. precedes it, v. Dr, so Leviticus 19:9 (cf. Leviticus 23:22 supr.); + I Chronicles 27:24 (לְ inf. om.; opp. הֵחֵל לְ), II Chronicles 29:17; + Daniel 12:7 (inf. without לְ; but see Qal 2 c ad fin.); sq. מִן inf., I Samuel 10:13 II Samuel 6:18 = I Chronicles 16:2, Exodus 34:33; Leviticus 16:20; Joshua 19:51 (all P), Ezekiel 43:23.
make an end, end, sq. בְּ make an end with, finish dealing with II Chronicles 20:23; Ezra 10:17; abs., opp. הֵחֵל, בַּגָּדוֹל הֵחֵל וּבַקָּטֹן כִּלָּה Genesis 44:12 (J) he began with the eldest and with the youngest he ended; so inf. abs. adverb. הָחֵל וְכַלֵּה I Samuel 3:12 a beginning and an ending, i.e. doing it thoroughly (v. Dr); also עַד־כַּלֵּה = utterly II Kings 13:17, II Kings 13:19, to extremity Ezra 9:14 (of י׳’s anger), עַד־לְכַלֵּה (late) = completely II Chronicles 24:10 (until all had given), II Chronicles 31:1 (until all were destroyed).
accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass, a thing Ruth 3:18; c. acc. of י׳’s wrath (חֲמָתוֹ) Lamentations 4:11; so (חֲמָתִי, אַפִּי) + ב pers. Ezekiel 5:13; Ezekiel 6:12; Ezekiel 7:8; Ezekiel 13:15; Ezekiel 20:8, Ezekiel 20:21.
accomplish in thought, determine (cf. Qal 1 d) sq. רָעָה Proverbs 16:30 (‖ חשׁב).
put an end to, cause to cease Numbers 17:25 (+ מֵעָלַי); וַיְכַל־בַּהֶבֶל יְמֵיהֶם Psalms 78:33 and he consumed (caused to vanish) in vanity their days.
cause to fail, exhaust, use up, spend, חִצַּי אֲכַלֶּה־בָּם Deuteronomy 32:23 my arrows will I exhaust against them; exhaust one’s strength כֹּחַ Isaiah 49:4 (‖ יָגַע); the eyes (by weeping; cf. Qal 2 b) I Samuel 2:33; Job 31:16; of a disease, consume the eyes Leviticus 26:16 (H).
destroy, sometimes exterminate: (1) men subj., c. acc. pers. II Samuel 21:5; II Samuel 22:39 (‖ מחץ), Deuteronomy 7:22 II Chronicles 8:8; Jeremiah 10:25 (‖ אכל), Lamentations 2:22 Psalms 119:87; especially in phr. עַד כַּלּוֹתָם I Samuel 15:18 (on text. v. Dr), II Samuel 22:38 (‖ השׁמיד) = Psalms 18:38, I Kings 22:11 = II Chronicles 18:10; (2) God subj., c. acc. pers. Joshua 24:20 (E), Isaiah 10:18 (Assyrian host, under fig. of forest); Jeremiah 5:3; Exodus 32:10; Exodus 33:3, Exodus 33:5 (JE), Numbers 16:21; Numbers 17:10; Numbers 25:11 (all P), Leviticus 26:44 (H), Ezekiel 20:13; Ezekiel 22:31; Ezekiel 43:8 Job 9:22; עַד כַּלֹּתוֹ אֹתְךָ Deuteronomy 28:21, עַד כַּלּוֹתִי אוֹתָם Jeremiah 9:15; Jeremiah 49:37; abs. Psalms 59:14(×2); so also (si vera l.) Psalms 74:11 (see VB; Bi Che בְּקֶרֶב חֵקְךָ תִּכְלָא and thy right hand (why) keepest thou in thy bosom); acc. + ב instr. Jeremiah 14:12 (by sword, famine, and pestilence); sometimes the instrument of י׳’s judgment becomes grammat. subj.; subj. הַחֶרֶב Hosea 11:6 (obj. בַּדָּיו, of city; ‖ אכל), subj. עֵגֶל Isaiah 27:10 (obj. סְעִפֶֿיהָ; ‖ רָעָה), subj. flying roll Zechariah 5:4 (obj. house).
Pf. 3 pl. כָּלּוּ Psalms 72:20 be finished, ended; Impf. 3 mpl. וַיְכֻלּוּ Genesis 2:1 be completed (P).
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כָּלָה²
n.f. completion, complete destruction, consumption, annihilation; always this form;—
completion, but only as adv., and dubious: completely, altogether Genesis 18:21 (J; read כֻּלָּם Ol Kau Buhl), Exodus 11:1 (si vera l.)
complete destruction, consumption, annihilation:
almost always by God, especially עָשָׂה כ׳ Isaiah 10:23 (+ וְנֶחֱרָצָה), Nahum 1:8 (2 acc., si vera l.; Buhl ZAW 1885, 181 proposes בְּקָמָיו for מְקוֹמָהּ v. Id.HWB 12 KauAT, Text Krit. Erläut. p. 65; v. also מָקוֹם sub קום), v Nahum 1:9 Jeremiah 4:27 Nehemiah 9:31 (2 acc.); + אֵת pers. = with, pergn. sense, = in dealing with (cf. II. אֵת 1 d), Zephaniah 1:18 (כ׳ אַךְ נִבְהָלָה), Jeremiah 5:18; Jeremiah 30:11 = Jeremiah 46:28 (אֹתְךָ = אִתְּךָ), Ezekiel 11:13; Ezekiel 20:17 (אוֹתָם = אִתָּם); + בְּכָל־גּוֹיִם Jeremiah 30:11; Jeremiah 46:28; without עשׂה: כ׳ וְנֶחֱרָצָה שָׁמַעְתִּי Isaiah 28:22, עַד־כ׳ וְנ׳ Daniel 9:27 (on both cf. Isaiah 10:23; Zephaniah 1:18); לְכָלָה for annihilation Ezekiel 13:13 (si vera l., v. Co), וְלֹא לְהַשְׁחִית לְכ׳ II Chronicles 12:12.
by men, וְכ׳ אַל־תַּעֲשׂוּ Jeremiah 5:10; וְכ׳ בְיָדוֹ Daniel 11:16 and (i.e. with) annihilation in his hand.
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כִּלָּיוֹן
n.m. 1. failing, pining; 2. annihilation (on format. cf. LagBN 200);—
cstr. כִּלְיוֹן עֵינַיִם Deuteronomy 28:65 failing of eyes (in longing, cf. foregoing, and v. Dr).
כִּלָּיוֹן חָרוּץ Isaiah 10:22 annihilation, strictly decided.
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כְּלִי
n.m. Hosea 8:8 article, utensil, vessel (NH id.; according to Thes from כלה = conficere, like Ger. Zeug from zeugen; proposes therefore anything finished, made, produced; according to BaZMG 1887, 605 from meaning enclose, contain; he finds pl. of כְּלִי in כלאי M-I23 (cf. כלאים))כ׳ abs. Jeremiah 18:4 +; הַכֶּ֑לִי I Samuel 17:49; I Samuel 21:6; cstr. כְּלִי Hosea 13:15 +; sf. כֶּלְיְךָ Deuteronomy 23:25; pl. כֵּלִים Exodus 22:6 +; cstr. כְּלֵי Genesis 24:53 +; sf. כֵּלַי Genesis 31:37 + 2 times; כֵּלֶיךָ Genesis 27:3 Ezekiel 12:4; כֵּלֵינוּ I Samuel 9:7; כְּלֵיכֶם Genesis 43:11 +; כְּלֵיהֶם Joshua 7:11 +;—
in gen., article, object, made of any material, thing, especially thing of value כ׳ זָהָב I Samuel 6:8, I Samuel 6:15 (images of mice, etc.), personal or household property Genesis 31:37(×2) (E; v b כֹּל כְּלֵי־בֵיתֶ֑ךָ), Genesis 45:20 (E), כִּלֵי בֵית־טוֹבִיָּהוּ Nehemiah 13:8, Joshua 7:11 (JE), כֶּסֶף אוֹ כֵּלִים Exodus 22:6 (E) money or articles (property), כְּלִי־פָּ֑ז Job 28:17 (appar. coll.); things carried, pl. = stuff, load, baggage (impedimenta) I Samuel 17:22(×2), appar. = baggage-train I Samuel 10:22; I Samuel 25:13; I Samuel 30:24 Isaiah 10:28; (cf. Genesis 31:37 supr.); כְּלֵי גוֹלָה things of exile, i.e. the most necessary articles, such as exiles may take, Jeremiah 46:19 Ezekiel 12:3, Ezekiel 12:4, Ezekiel 12:7, cf. v Ezekiel 12:4, Ezekiel 12:7; = ornament or jewels Genesis 24:53 (J כ׳ כֶסֶף וכ׳ זָהָב, prob. = ornaments), כ׳ כסף וכ׳ זהב also Exodus 3:22; Exodus 11:2; Exodus 12:35 (all E); Isaiah 61:10, Exodus 35:22 Numbers 31:50, כְּלֵי מַעֲשֶׂה v Numbers 31:51 (all P), כְּלִי יְקָר Proverbs 20:15 (in fig.), כ׳ תִפְאַרְתֵּךְ Ezekiel 16:17, Ezekiel 16:39; Ezekiel 23:26 (all in fig.); כְּלֵי נְחשֶׁת as merchandise Ezekiel 27:13; כֵּלִים as cargo of ship Jonah 1:5; כסף וזהב וּכְלֵי נְחשֶׁת וּבַרְזֶל Joshua 6:19, Joshua 6:24 (JE; spoil of war); of any household article (on which one sits) Leviticus 15:4, Leviticus 15:6, Leviticus 15:22, Leviticus 15:23, Leviticus 15:26 (all P); of skin Numbers 31:20, or wood v Numbers 31:20 (P) כְּלִי חֶמְדָּה Nahum 2:10 precious thing, so Hosea 13:15 (fig.), Jeremiah 25:34 (sim.), II Chronicles 32:27 Daniel 11:8, כלי חֲמֻדוֹת II Chronicles 20:25 (appar. = ornaments); also כְּלִי אֵין־חֵפֶץ בּוֹ Jeremiah 22:28 (fig. of Coniah, ‖ עֶצֶב נִבְזֶה נָפוּץ), Hosea 8:8 (sim.; cf. Jeremiah 48:38 infr.); †specif. of garments (one’s ‘things’): כְּלִי־גֶבֶר Deuteronomy 22:5 (‖ שִׂמְלַת אִשָּׁה), so כְּלִי־עוֹר Leviticus 13:49 (cf. מְלֶאכֶת עוֹר v Leviticus 13:48), v Leviticus 13:52, Leviticus 13:53, Leviticus 13:57, Leviticus 13:58, Leviticus 13:59 (all P).
utensil, implement, apparatus:
implement of hunting and (especially) war, = weapon Genesis 27:3 (J), I Samuel 20:40; I Samuel 21:9 (גַּם חַרְבִּי וְגַם כֵּלַי), I Kings 11:8 = II Chronicles 23:7, I Kings 11:11 Isaiah 54:16, Isaiah 54:17 Jeremiah 22:7; prob. also Numbers 35:22, כְּלִי בַּרְזֶל v Numbers 35:16, כְּלִי עֵץ־יָד v Numbers 35:18 (all P); כְּלֵי חָמָם Genesis 49:5 (poem); כְּלִי מַשְׁחֵתוֹ Ezekiel 9:1, כ׳ מַפָּצוֹ v Ezekiel 9:2; fig. of God’s weapons כְּלֵי־מָוֶת Psalms 7:14 (‖ חִצָּיו); כ׳ זַעְמוֹ Isaiah 13:5 Jeremiah 50:25; of entire equipment of warrior, armour or armament offensive and defensive I Samuel 17:54 (cf. v I Samuel 17:5), I Samuel 21:6, I Samuel 21:9 (v DrSm 139, 293), I Samuel 31:9, I Samuel 31:10 = I Chronicles 10:9, I Chronicles 10:10; hence (כֵּלָיו) נֹשֵׂא כֵלִים armour- or weapon-bearer Judges 9:54 I Samuel 14:1, I Samuel 14:6, I Samuel 14:7, I Samuel 14:12(×2), I Samuel 14:13(×2), I Samuel 14:14, I Samuel 14:17; I Samuel 16:21; I Samuel 31:4(×2), I Samuel 31:5, I Samuel 31:6 = I Chronicles 10:4(×2), I Chronicles 10:5, II Samuel 18:15; II Samuel 23:37 = I Chronicles 11:39; fig. וְכֵלַי כֵּלָיו רָעִים Isaiah 32:7 and a knave, his weapons (i.e. devices, Che ‘machinations’) are evil; more precisely כְּלֵי מִלְחָמָה Judges 18:11, Judges 18:16, Judges 18:17 I Samuel 8:12 II Samuel 1:27 Deuteronomy 1:41 Jeremiah 21:4; Jeremiah 51:20 (fig.), Ezekiel 32:27 I Chronicles 12:34 (van d. H. v I Chronicles 12:33); כְּלֵי צְבָא מִלְחָמָה I Chronicles 12:38 (van d. H.) v I Chronicles 12:37); כְּלֵי קְרָב Ecclesiastes 9:18; בֵּית כֵּלָיו II Kings 20:13 = Isaiah 39:2 is perhaps armoury; כ׳ Ezekiel 40:42 is sacrificial knife.
instrument of music כְּלֵי (הַ)שִּׁיר Amos 6:5 I Chronicles 15:16; I Chronicles 16:42 II Chronicles 5:13; II Chronicles 7:6 II Chronicles 23:13; II Chronicles 34:12; כְּלֵי דָוִיד II Chronicles 29:26, II Chronicles 29:27, כ׳־שִׁיר דָּוִיד Nehemiah 12:36; כְּלִי נֶבֶל Psalms 71:22, כ׳ נְבָלִים I Chronicles 16:5; כֵּלִים alone I Chronicles 23:5, cf. Numbers 31:6 (P כְּלֵי הַקֹּדֶשׁ);—for (ליהוה) בִּכְלֵי עֹז II Chronicles 30:21 read בְּכָל־עֹז (KauAT, cf. Be).
implement of labour, tool כ׳ בַרְזֶל I Kings 6:7, or of one’s calling, pursuit קַח־לְךָ כְּלִי רֹעֶה אֱוִלִי Zechariah 11:15 (otherwise I Samuel 17:40, v 3).
equipment of oxen (yoke, etc.) II Samuel 24:22 I Kings 19:21.
כְּלֵי רִכְבּוֹ I Samuel 8:12 his chariot-equipments.
as gen. term for utensils and furniture of Sol.’s palace I Kings 10:21 = II Chronicles 9:20; especially (very often) of tabern. Exodus 25:9, Exodus 25:39; Exodus 27:3 + (in Hex always P), and temple I Kings 7:45, I Kings 7:47, I Kings 7:48 II Kings 12:14 +; of both palace and temple Jeremiah 27:18, Jeremiah 27:19, Jeremiah 27:21; combinations are כְּלֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּן Exodus 27:19, כ׳ הַמִּזְבֵּחַ Exodus 38:3, כ׳ יהוה Isaiah 52:11, כ׳ בֵית י׳ Jeremiah 27:16; Jeremiah 28:3, Jeremiah 28:6 Ezra 1:7, כְּלֵי חֶמְדַּת בֵּית י׳ II Chronicles 36:10, כ׳ בֵית אֱלֹהִים II Chronicles 28:24(×2); II Chronicles 36:18 Nehemiah 13:9 Daniel 1:2, כ׳ הַמִּקְדָּשׁ Nehemiah 10:40; כ׳ הַשָּׁרֵת Numbers 4:12 utensil of ministry, כ׳ עֲבֹדָתָם Numbers 4:26 I Chronicles 9:28; I Chronicles 28:14(×2), כ׳ עֲבוֹדַת בֵּית י׳ I Chronicles 28:13, כ׳ מִשְׁמֶרֶת מַשָּׂאָם Numbers 4:32; also כ׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ I Kings 8:4 I Chronicles 9:29; of appliances of idol-worship II Kings 23:4.
>vessel, receptacle, of various materials and for various purposes Genesis 43:11 (J); I Samuel 9:7 Deuteronomy 23:25; = sack Genesis 42:25 (E; שַׂק in ‖ cl., cf. אַמְתַּחַת v Genesis 42:27); כְּלִי הָרֹעִים shepherd’s bag or wallet I Samuel 17:40, cf. v I Samuel 17:49; כ׳ חֶרֶשׂ Jeremiah 32:14 is earthernware receptacle for deed of sale; for liquids I Kings 17:10 II Kings 4:3(×2), II Kings 4:4, II Kings 4:6(×3), כ׳ מַשְׁקֶה I Kings 10:21 = II Chronicles 9:20, כְּלֵי שַׁמְנָהּ Numbers 4:9, cf. v Numbers 4:10; וְלֹא הוּרַק מִכְּלִי אֶל־כֶּ֑לִי Jeremiah 48:11 (fig.), cf. v Jeremiah 48:12 (‖ נְבָלִים); for cooking Leviticus 6:21 (כ׳ חֶרֶשׂ), v Leviticus 6:21 (כ׳ נְחשֶׁת); v also (הַ)יּוֹצֵר II Samuel 17:28 Jeremiah 19:11 (sim.), Psalms 2:9 (sim.), לַצֹּרֵף כֶּ֑לִי Proverbs 25:4; כ׳ פָתוּחַ Numbers 19:15 an open (uncovered) vessel. כ׳ טָהוֹר Isaiah 66:20 a clean vessel; fig. of Eliakim’s relatives כְּלֵי הַקָּטָ֑ן מִכְּלֵי הָאַגָּנוֹת וְעַד כָּל־כְּלֵי הַנְּבָלִים Isaiah 22:24 the vessels of smallness (DaSynt. § 32, R 5), from the basin-vessels to all the pitcher-vessels.
specif. כְּלֵי־גֹמֶא Isaiah 18:2 vessels (boats) of paper-reed.
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כלה
(√ of foll.; meaning unknown).
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כַּלָּה
v. sub II. כלל.
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כלח
(√ of i. כֶּלַח, meaning dub.; Arabic كَلَحَ is contract the face, look hard, stern; كَلَاحِ, كُلَاحٌ a hard year (through dearth, etc.)).
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כֶּ֫לַח
n.m. poss. firm or rugged strength (v. √ supr.), תָּבוֹא בְכ׳ אֱלֵי־קָ֑בֶר Job 5:26 thou shalt come in firm strength (with thy body vigorous, powers unimpaired) unto the grave; עָלֵימוֹ אָבַד כָּ֑לַח Job 30:2 upon whom vigour has perished.
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כֶּ֫לַח²
n.pr.loc. city in Assyria Genesis 10:11, Genesis 10:12 = Assyrian Kalḫu, SchrCOT ad loc. DlPar 261, mod. Nimrûd, at NE. angle of Upper Zab and Tigris (v. Billerbeck u. Jeremias BASiii. 1895, 130 ff.)
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כְּלִי²
etc., v. sub I. כלה.
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כֹּל²
once כּוֹל (Jeremiah 33:8 Kt), n.m. the whole, all (Moab., Ph., id.; Aramaic כּוֹל, ܟܽܠ; Arabic كُلٌّ; Sab. כל, cf. DHMEpigr. Denk. 36–38;. Ethiopic ኵል Assyrian kullatu)—abs. כֹּל, cstr. כֹּל Genesis 2:5, Genesis 2:16, Genesis 2:20 + often, once כֹּל־ Psalms 138:2 (v. Ba), but more usually כָּל־ (with makk.: without it, †Psalms 35:10 Proverbs 19:7; Köi 84, 95); sf. 2 ms. in p. כֻּלָּךְMicah 2:12; 2 fs. כֻּלֵּךְIsaiah 14:29, Isaiah 14:31, כֻּלָּךְIsaiah 22:1 Song of Songs 4:7 (perhaps for assonance with accompanying לָךְ, בָּךְ); 3 ms. כֻּלֹּה II Samuel 2:9 (v. Dr) + 17 times (never in Pent.), כֻּלּוֹ Genesis 25:25 + 16 times; 3 fs. כֻּלָּהּ Genesis 13:10 + 15 times, כֻּלָּאEzekiel 36:5; כֻּלָּנוּ (16 times); כֻּלְּכֶם (18 times); כֻּלָּם (often), כּוּלָּםJeremiah 31:34, כֻּלָּ֑הַםII Samuel 23:6 (and prob. Jeremiah 15:10 כֻּלְּהֶם); 3 fpl. כֻּ֫לָּנָהGenesis 42:36 Proverbs 31:29; כֻּלָּֽהְנָה׃I Kings 7:37:—the whole,
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffiness, all or every:
Genesis 2:2 כָּל־צְבָאָם the whole of their host, v Genesis 2:13 כָּל־אֶרֶץ כּוּשׁ the whole of the land of Kush; כָּל־הַלַּיְלָה the whole of the night; כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל the whole of Israel = all Israel; Deuteronomy 4:29 בְּכָל־לְבָֽבְךָ with the whole of thy heart = with all thy heart; + very often With a plural noun, usually determined by the art. or a genitive: Genesis 5:5 כל־ימי אדם the whole of (= all) the days of Adam, Genesis 37:35 כל־בניו the whole of (= all) his sons, Isaiah 2:2 כל־הגוים all the nations; Genesis 43:9 + often כל הימים = continually. In poetry, however, the noun may remain undetermined, כָּל־יָדַיִם the whole of hands = every hand, Isaiah 13:7; Jeremiah 48:37; Ezekiel 21:12; כל־פנים i.e. every face Isaiah 25:8; Joel 2:6; כל שׁלחנות Isaiah 28:8; כל חוצות Isaiah 51:20 Lamentations 2:19 al. Before an inf. †Genesis 30:41; Deuteronomy 4:7; I Kings 8:52; I Chronicles 23:31. Freq. with sfs., as כֻּלּוֹ (כֻּלֹּה) the whole of him Genesis 25:25; Job 21:23; Song of Songs 5:16, the whole of it Leviticus 13:13; Jeremiah 2:21; Nahum 2:1; Proverbs 24:31; כֻּלָּהּ the whole of it Genesis 13:10; Exodus 19:18; Exodus 25:36 Amos 8:8; כֻּלָּךְ all of thee Song of Songs 4:7 + (v. ad init.); כֻּלָּנוּ the whole of us Genesis 42:11; Deuteronomy 5:3; Isaiah 53:6, Isaiah 53:6; כֻּלְּכֶם Deuteronomy 1:22; Deuteronomy 4:4; I Samuel 22:7, I Samuel 22:7; כֻּלָּם Genesis 11:6; Genesis 43:34; Joshua 8:24; ויפלו כֻּלָּם, Judges 11:6; בְּיַד כֻּלָּם, Isaiah 7:19; Isaiah 31:3 + often—Twice, strangely, with hyperb. intensive force, Psalms 39:6 כָּל־הֶבֶל the whole of vanity are all men (? om. כל, as v Psalms 39:12), Psalms 45:14 כָּל־כְּבוּדָּה the whole of gloriousness is the king’s daughter.
followed often by a singular, to be understood collectively, whether with or without the art.: Genesis 1:21 את כל נפשׁ החיה the whole of living souls = every living soul, Genesis 2:9 כל עץ נחמד למראה the whole of trees (every kind of tree) pleasant to view, Genesis 6:12 + כָּל־בָּשָׂר, Genesis 7:14 כל צפור כל כנף all birds of every kind of wing (so Ezekiel 17:23), v Ezekiel 17:21 כל האדם the whole of mankind (so Numbers 12:3; Numbers 16:29 Judges 16:17 al.); poet. כל־אדם Psalms 39:6; Psalms 64:10 +; I Samuel 14:52 כל אישׁ גבור וכל־בן־חיל, I Samuel 17:19, I Samuel 17:24 כל אישׁ ישׂראל, I Samuel 22:2; Isaiah 9:16 כל פה the whole of mouths = every mouth, Isaiah 15:2; Isaiah 24:10 כָּל־בַּיִת + often (in Isaiah 2:12-16 the sg. and pl. interchange); Psalms 7:12 + בכל־יום, Psalms 10:5 + בכל־עת = at all seasons. So כל־העץ Genesis 1:29, כל־הבן Exodus 1:22 = all the sons, כל־המקום Exodus 20:21 Deuteronomy 11:24 = all the places, כל־המרכב Leviticus 15:9, v Leviticus 15:26 Deuteronomy 4:3 כל־האישׁ אשׁר = all the men who …, Deuteronomy 15:19 כל־הבכור, Jeremiah 4:29 כל־העיר עזובה all the cities (notice the foll. בָּהֶן); כל־היום = all the days (v. יוֹם 7 f), etc. In late Heb. extended to such phrases as בְּכָל־דּוֹר וָדוֹרPsalms 45:18; Psalms 145:13 Esther 9:28; בכל־עיר ועירII Chronicles 11:12; II Chronicles 28:25; II Chronicles 31:19 Esther 8:11, Esther 8:17; Esther 9:28; †II Chronicles 32:28 Esther 2:11; Esther 3:14; Esther 4:3; Esther 8:13, Esther 8:17; Esther 9:21, Esther 9:27, Esther 9:28(×3), (cf. וְ 1 i b).
the gen. after כל is often a rel. sentence, introduced by אשׁר: Genesis 1:31 את כל אשׁר עשׂה the whole of what he had made, Genesis 7:22; Genesis 13:1 + very often Sometimes, with a prep., כל אשׁר has the force of wheresoever, whithersoever, as Joshua 1:9 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ wheresoever thou goest, v Genesis 13:16 אֶל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר whithersoever (see אֲשֶׁר 4 b γ). Very rarely in such cases is there ellipse of the rel., as Genesis 39:4 וְכָל־יֶשׁ־לוֹ נָתַן בְּיָדִי (contrast v Genesis 39:5, Genesis 39:8), Exodus 9:4 מכל־לבני ישׂראל, Isaiah 38:16 וּלְכָל־בָּהֶן חַיֵּי רוּחִי, Psalms 71:18 לְכָל־יָבוֹא (Psalms 74:3, v. 2 a), II Chronicles 32:31; peculiarly also in Chr (DrIntr. 505), I Chronicles 29:3 מִכָּל־הֲכִינוֹתִי, II Chronicles 30:18 Ezra 1:6; cf. with כֹּל (2 a) I Chronicles 29:11 a II Chronicles 30:17; Ezra 1:5.
with a suffix two idiomatic uses of כל have to be noticed: (a) כל is often made more independent and emphatic by being placed with a suffix after the word which it qualifies, to which it then stands in apposition (cf. in Syriac, Arabic, Ethiopic), as II Samuel 2:9 יִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלֹּה, Jeremiah 13:19; Jeremiah 48:31; Isaiah 9:8; Isaiah 14:29, Isaiah 14:31 פלשׁת כלך Philistia, all of thee! Micah 2:12 Habakkuk 2:6 Job 34:13 Psalms 67:4, Psalms 67:6; especially in Ezek., as Ezekiel 14:5; Ezekiel 29:2 מצדים כֻּלָּהּ Ezekiel 32:12, Ezekiel 32:30; with change of person (cf. the idiom in Isaiah 22:16; Isaiah 48:1; Isaiah 54:1 etc.), I Kings 22:28 = Micah 1:2 שׁמעו עמים כלם Hear, nations, all of them! Malachi 3:9 הַגּוֹי כֻּלּוֹ. So even with כל preceding: Numbers 16:3 כָּל־הָעֵדָה כֻּלָּם, Isaiah 14:18; Jeremiah 30:16; Ezekiel 11:15 כל בית ישׂראל כֻּלֹּה the whole of the house of Israel, the whole of it (so Ezekiel 20:40; Ezekiel 36:10), Ezekiel 35:15; Ezekiel 36:5 Psalms 8:8 (cf. Sab. DHMl.c.); (b) with the sf. of 3 ms., understood as referring to the mass of things or persons meant, כֻּלֹּה or כֻּלּוֹ, lit. the whole of it, is equivalent to all of them, every one, †Exodus 14:7 and captains עַל־כֻּלּוֹ upon the whole of it (the רֶכֶב collectively) = all of them, Isaiah 1:23 the whole of it (the people) loveth bribes, Isaiah 9:16; Isaiah 15:3; Jeremiah 6:13(×2); Jeremiah 8:6, Jeremiah 8:10(×2); Jeremiah 20:7; Habakkuk 1:9, Habakkuk 1:15; Psalms 29:9 and in his temple כֻּלּוֹ אֹמֵר כָּבוֹד the whole of it (= every one there) says, Glory! Psalms 53:4 (‖ 14:3 הַכֹּל); perhaps Isaiah 16:7; Jeremiah 48:38; + Proverbs 19:6 Ew Hi (וְכֻלֹּה רֵעַ): Jeremiah 15:10 read כֻּלְּהֶם קִלֲלוּנִי.
Heb. idiom in certain cases affirms, or denies, of an entire class, where Engl. idiom affirms, or denies, of an individual of the class; thus in a compar. or hypoth. sentence כל is = any, and with a neg. = none; (a) Genesis 3:1 the serpent was more subtil מכל חית השׂדה than all beasts of the field (in our idiom: than any beast of the field), Deuteronomy 7:7; I Samuel 9:2; (b) Leviticus 4:2 a soul when it sins through ignorance מכל מצות י״י in all the commandments of Jehovah (= in any of the commandments, etc.), Leviticus 19:23 when ye … plant כל־עץ מאכל = any tree for food, Numbers 35:22 or if he have cast upon him כָּל־כְּלִי = any weapon, I Kings 8:37 b; joined with a ptcp. in a hypoth. sense (Dr§ 121 n. Ges§ 116, 5 R. 5), Genesis 4:14 כל מצאי all my finders (= if any one find me), he will slay me, v Genesis 4:15 a Numbers 21:8; כָּל־הַנָּשׁוּךְ = whosoever (= if any one) is bitten, I Samuel 2:13; (c) with a neg., Genesis 2:5 all plants of the field טֶרֶם יִהְיֶה were not as yet = no plant of the field as yet was, Genesis 4:15 b לבלתי הכות־אתו כל־מצאו for the not-smiting him of all finding him = that none finding him should smite him, Exodus 10:15 ולא־נותר כל ירק = and no green things were left, Exodus 12:16 כל־מלאכה לא יעשׂה all work shall not be done = no work shall be done, Deuteronomy 28:14; Judges 13:4 אַל־תֹּאכְלִי כָּל־טָמֵא eat not of all that is unclean, Judges 19:19 אֵין מַחְסוֹר כָּל־דָּבָר there is no lack of all things i.e. of any thing, Psalms 143:2 כי לא־יצדק לפניך כל־חי, + very often (so οὐ πᾶς, as a Hebraism, in the N.T., e.g. Mk 13:20 οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ, Lk 1:37 οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει … πᾶν ῥῆμα, as Jeremiah 32:17 לֹא־יִפָּלֵא מִמְּךָ כָּל־דָּבָר, Gal 2:16 οὐ δικαιωθήσεται … πᾶσα σάρξ, etc.) Usually, in such cases, כל (or its gen.) is without the art., being left purposely indef.: in Psalms 49:18 (2 b a) הַכֹּל is emph. (In Numbers 23:13 וְכֻלּוֹ לֹא תִרְאֶה the context shews that כֹּל is opp. to a part).
very anomalously, severed from its gen., †II Samuel 1:9 כִּי־כָל־עוֹד נַפְשִׁי בִי, Job 27:3 כִּי־כָל־עוֹד נִשְׁמָתִי בִי, Hosea 14:3 (si vera l.) כָּל־תִּשָּׂא עָוֹן. On Ecclesiastes 5:15 כָּל־עֻמַּת־שֶׁ׳ v. עֻמָּה.
— When the gen. after כל is a noun fem. or pl., the pred. usually agrees with this (as being the really important idea), e.g. Genesis 5:5 ויהיו כל ימי אדם, Numbers 14:1 וַתִּשָּׂא כָל־הָעֵדָה, Nahum 3:1 Psalms 150:6 כֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל; exceptions being very rare, Isaiah 64:10 b Proverbs 16:2 (Ges§ 141. 1 R. 2).
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all (mostly neuter, but sometimes m.), the sense in which ‘all’ is to be taken being gathered from the context, Genesis 9:3 נתתי לכם את כֹּל, Genesis 16:12 וְיַד כֹּל בּוֹ, Genesis 20:16 ואת כֹּל ונוכחת, Genesis 33:11 וכי ישׁ לי כֹל, Numbers 8:16 בכור כֹּל מבני ישׂראל, Numbers 11:6 אֵין כֹּל nought of all things! = there is nothing (so †II Samuel 12:3; Proverbs 13:7, cf. II Kings 4:2), Numbers 13:2 כֹּל נשׂיא בהם (cf. II Samuel 23:39; I Chronicles 3:9: usually so הַכֹּל), Deuteronomy 28:47 מֵרֹב כֹּל, v Deuteronomy 28:48, Deuteronomy 28:37 בְּחֹסֶר כֹּל (cf. Jeremiah 44:18), Isaiah 30:5 כֹּל הֹבִאישׁ all exhibit shame, Isaiah 44:24 י׳ עֹשֶׂה־כֹּל, Jeremiah 44:12 וְתַמּוּ כֹל (unusual), Zephaniah 1:2 Psalms 8:7; Psalms 74:3 (read כֹּל הֵרַע), Psalms 145:15 עיני כֹל, Proverbs 16:4; Proverbs 26:10; Proverbs 28:5; Job 13:1 הן כֹּל ראתה עיני, Job 42:2; I Chronicles 29:11 b II Chronicles 32:22 (m.), Daniel 11:37 (v. also 1 c end); מִכֹּל Genesis 6:19, Genesis 6:20 b שְׁנַיִם מִכֹּל, Genesis 14:20; Genesis 27:33; Jeremiah 17:9 עקוב הלב מִכֹּל, Daniel 11:2 (m.) After a neg. = anything, Deuteronomy 4:25 תְּמוּנַת כֹּל the likeness of anything, Deuteronomy 8:9; Deuteronomy 28:55; Proverbs 30:30. In the gen. also, very rarely, to express the idea of all as comprehensively as possible: Ezekiel 44:30 כָּל־בִּכּוּרֵי כֹל וְכָל־תְּרוּמַת כֹּל; Psalms 119:128 (si vera l.) כָּל־פִּקּוּדֵי כֹל all the statutes about everything.
with art. הַכֹּל: (a) where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned, Exodus 29:24 ושׂמת הַכֹּל ביד אהרן, Leviticus 1:9 והקטיר הכהן את הַכֹּל, v Leviticus 1:13; Leviticus 8:27 Deuteronomy 2:36 את הַכֹּל נתן י׳ לפנינו, Joshua 11:19 (cf. II Samuel 19:31 I Kings 14:26 = II Chronicles 12:9), Joshua 21:43 הַכֹּל בָּא (cf. Joshua 23:14), I Samuel 30:19 הַכֹּל השׁיב דוד, II Samuel 17:3 (corrupt: v. 𝔊 Dr), II Samuel 24:23 (I Chronicles 21:23), I Kings 6:18 הַכֹּל ארז (cf. I Kings 7:33; II Kings 25:17 = Jeremiah 52:22), II Kings 24:16 הַכֹּל גבורים, Isaiah 65:8 לבלתי השׁחית הַכֹּל, Psalms 14:3; or implied, Genesis 16:12 יָדוֹ בַכֹּל, Genesis 24:1 ברך את אברהם בַּכֹּל, II Samuel 23:5 (poet.) עֲרֻכָה בַכֹּל, is Genesis 29:11 (peculiarly) חָזוּת הַכֹּל the vision of the whole, Jeremiah 13:7, Jeremiah 13:10 לא יצלח לַכֹּל, Ezekiel 7:14 וְהָכִין הַכֹּל (but Co וְהָכִינוּ הָכֵן), Psalms 49:18 לא במותו יקח הַכֹּל: more freq. later, viz. I Chronicles 7:5 (as regards all), I Chronicles 28:19; I Chronicles 29:19 II Chronicles 28:6; II Chronicles 29:28; II Chronicles 31:5; II Chronicles 35:7; II Chronicles 36:17, II Chronicles 36:18; Ezra 1:11; Ezra 2:42; Ezra 8:34, Ezra 8:35; Ezra 10:17 (וַיְכַלּוּ בַכֹּל: v. BeRy), Ecclesiastes 5:8 (בַּכֹּל, appar. = in all respects), Ecclesiastes 10:19; Ecclesiastes 12:13. (b) in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe (τὸ πᾶν), or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late), Jeremiah 10:16 = Jeremiah 51:19 כי יוצר הַכֹּל הוא, Psalms 103:19 (cf. I Chronicles 29:12), Psalms 119:91 הַכֹּל עֲבָדֶיךָ, Psalms 145:9 טוֹב י׳ לַכֹּל, I Chronicles 29:12, I Chronicles 29:14, I Chronicles 29:16 Daniel 11:2, and especially in Ec., as Ecclesiastes 1:2, Ecclesiastes 1:14; Ecclesiastes 2:11, Ecclesiastes 2:17; Ecclesiastes 3:19; Ecclesiastes 12:8 הַכֹּל הֶבֶל, Ecclesiastes 2:16 הכל נשׁכח, Ecclesiastes 3:1 לַכֹּל זְמָן, v Ecclesiastes 3:11, Ecclesiastes 3:19, Ecclesiastes 3:20; Ecclesiastes 6:6; Ecclesiastes 7:15; Ecclesiastes 9:1, Ecclesiastes 9:2, Ecclesiastes 9:2, Ecclesiastes 9:3; Ecclesiastes 10:3, Ecclesiastes 10:19; Ecclesiastes 11:5. כַּכֹּל, †Job 24:24 (si vera l.) כַּכֹּל יִקָּֽפְצוּן like all men (i.e. like men in general).
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כָּלִיל
adj. and subst. entire, whole, holocaust, cstr. כְּלִיל, fem. constr. כְּלִילַת:—
adj. Ezekiel 16:14 (of Jerus.) the report בְּיָפְיֵךְ כִּי כָּלִיל הוּא, Ezekiel 28:12 כְּלִיל יֹֽפִי׃ (of the king of Tyre) entire, perfect in beauty; Ezekiel 27:3 אֲנִי כְּלִילַת יֹֽפִי׃ (of Tyre), Lamentations 2:15 (of Jerus.) הֲזֹאת הָעִיר שֶׁיֹּאמְרוּ כְּלִילַת יֹפִי.
subst.
entirety, whole, Exodus 28:31 thou shalt make the robe of the ephod כְּלִיל תְּכֵלֶת a whole of purple (i.e. wholly purple); so Exodus 39:22; Numbers 4:6 בֶּגֶד כְּלִיל תְּכֵלֶת; Judges 20:40 והנה עלה כְּלִיל־הָעִיר השׁמימה the whole of the city (perhaps with allusion to meaning b); as adv. acc., Isaiah 2:18 וְהָאֱלִילִים כָּלִיל יַחֲלֹף will pass away in entirety, wholly.
as a sacrif. term, entire- or whole-offering, holocaust, of a sacrifice consumed wholly on the altar (cf. Ph. כלל CISI, i, 165, 167; RSRel. Sem. 237), usually a descriptive syn. of עוֹלָה: Deuteronomy 33:10 יָשִׂימוּ קְטוֹרָה בְּאַפֶּ֔ךָ וְכָלִיל עַל מִזְבְּחֶֽךָ׃, Psalms 51:21 אז תחפץ זבחי צדק עוֹלָה וְכָלִיל, in app. I Samuel 7:9 ויעלה עוֹלָה כָּלִיל ליהוה; of the priests’ מִנְחָה, Leviticus 6:15 ליהוה כָּלִיל תָּקְטָֽר, v Leviticus 6:16 וְכָל־מִנְחַת כֹּהֵן כָּלִיל תִּהְיֶה לֹא תֵאָכֵל; fig. Deuteronomy 13:17 (of idol. city) ושׂרפת באשׁ את־העיר ואת־כל שׁללהּ כָּלִיל לי׳ אלהיך and thou shalt burn the city and all its spoil as a whole-offering to י׳.
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כַּלָּה²
n.f. daughter-in-law, bride;—abs. כ׳ Jeremiah 2:32 + 14 times sf. כַּלָּתוֹ Genesis 11:31 + 5 times; כַּלָּתָהּ Ruth 1:22 + 2 times, etc.; pl. sf. כַּלֹּתֶיהָ Ruth 1:6-8, כַּלּוֹתֶיהָ Ruth 1:7, כַלּוֹתֵיכֶם Hosea 4:13, Hosea 4:14;—
bride, usually
also just after marriage = young wife Hosea 4:13, Hosea 4:14; read הַכַּלָּה likewise II Samuel 17:3 (for MT הַכֹּל), 𝔊 We Dr Klo Kit Bu.
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כְּלִמָּה
n.f. insult, reproach, ignominy;—abs. כ׳ Isaiah 45:16 + 9 times cstr. כְּלִמַּת Jeremiah 20:11 + 3 times; sf. כְּלִמָּתִי Job 20:3 + 3 times, etc.; pl. כְּלִמּוֹת Micah 2:6; Isaiah 50:6;—
specif., insult, reproach, לֹא יִסַּג כ׳ Micah 2:6 reproaches do not cease; מוּסַר כְּלִמָּתִי Job 20:3 = my beshaming (insulting) correction, i.e. the correction which insults me.
in gen., reproach, ignominy, opp. כָּבוֹד Psalms 4:3; הלך בַּכּ׳ Isaiah 45:16 go into ignominy (+ בּוֹשׁ, נִכְלַם); often ‖ בֹּשֶׁת Isaiah 30:3; Isaiah 61:7 Psalms 44:16, subj. of כִּסָּה Jeremiah 3:25 our ignominy covereth us, so under fig. of garment, after לָבַשׁ Psalms 35:26 (+ בושׁ, חפר in v a), Psalms 109:29; ‖ חֶרְפָּה Psalms 69:8 (subj. of כִּסְּתָה פָּנָ֑י), Jeremiah 51:51 (id.; בושׁ in ‖ cl.), Psalms 71:13 (+ בושׁ in ‖ cl.); ‖ בֹּשֶׁת + חֶרְפָּה Psalms 69:20; ‖ אִוֶּלֶת Proverbs 18:13; ‖ רֹק Isaiah 50:6; כ׳ עוֹלָם Jeremiah 20:11 (בושׁ in ‖ cl.); כְּלִמָּתֵךְ Ezekiel 16:63 (id. ‖); often in Ezek. נשׂא כ׳ bear ignominy, Ezekiel 16:52(×2), (‖ בושׁ), v Ezekiel 16:54 (נִכְלַם in ‖ cl.); Ezekiel 32:24, Ezekiel 32:25, Ezekiel 32:30 (all + אֶת־יוֹרְדֵי בוֹר with those who go down to the pit; ref. to ignominious death), Ezekiel 36:7; Ezekiel 39:26 (si vera l. = bear the humiliating sense of undeserved kindness from י׳; but txt. dub., Hi Co, q.v., [כ׳] נשׁו; Sm Da defend); נשׂא כְּלִמַּת הַגּוֹיִם, i.e. caused by the nations, Ezekiel 34:29; Ezekiel 36:6, also v Ezekiel 36:15 (‖ חֶרְפַּת עַמִּים), prob. also Psalms 89:51 (read כְּלִמַּת, cf. VB Che Bae); וְנ׳ כְּלִמָּתָם וְתוֹעֲבוֹתָם אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ Ezekiel 44:13.
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כִּלְמַד
n.pr.loc. (si vera l.) Ezekiel 27:23, named after אַשּׁוּר, 𝔊 Χαρμαν; = mod. Kalwâdha near Bagdad, according to G. SmithTSBA i, 61 DlPa 206, cf. SchrCOT; but txt. dub. v. Co; 𝔗 ומדי, whence MezStadt Ḥarrân 34 כָּל־מָדַי all Media; JKi Hi Co כְּלִמּוּד (רְכֻלָּתֵךְ) Asshur was as thine apprentice (v. sub למד in trading; but sense not very prob.
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כַּלְנֶה
Amos 6:2, prob. = כַּלְנוֹ Isaiah 10:9 n.pr.loc. city (conquered by Assyria under Sargon?) poss. = כַּנֶּה (q.v.) Ezekiel 27:23, 𝔊 om. in Amos 6:2, Ξαλαννη Isaiah 10:9; perhaps = Kullani (WklGesch. Bab. 225) i.e. (TomkinsPSBA Jan. 1883, 61) Kullanhou, near Aleppo, conquered by Tiglath-Pileser III in 738 (COT ii, 195); or (Di) Kunulua (KG217 KB i, 107), SE. of Antioch (cf. Dr Amos 6:2).
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כָּמַהּ
vb. faint (Arabic كَمِهَ is be pale of face, gray (of daylight), weak-eyed, أَكْمَهُ blind from birth; Syriac ܟܡܰܗ be blind), only fig.—
Pf. 3 ms. כ׳ לְךָ בְשָׂרִי Psalms 63:2 faint (with longing) for thee (‖ צָֽמְאָה לְךָ נַפְשִׁי).
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כִּמְהָם
n.pr.m.
attendant of David II Samuel 19:38, II Samuel 19:39 = כִּמְהָן v II Samuel 19:41; 𝔊 in all Χιμααμ, 𝔊L Αχιμααμ.
in n.loc. גֵּרוּת כִמְהָם Jeremiah 41:17 Qr (Kt כמוהם), cf. גֵּרוּת p. 158 supr.
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כִּמְהָן
II Samuel 19:41, v. foregoing.
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כְּמוֹשׁ
n.pr.div. Chemosh (כמש MI3, 5, 9, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 32, 33 also עשתר כמש l 17 and n.pr.m. כמשמלך l 1; Assyrian Kammusunadbi, a king of Moab Schr.COT i, 281; = KAT2, 288; cf. further BaeRel. 13 f. 238, 256ZMG 1888, 471; 𝔊 Χαμώς);—god of the Moabites to whom Solomon erected a high place I Kings 11:7, I Kings 11:33; II Kings 23:13; Jeremiah 48:7 (Kt כמישׁ), v Jeremiah 48:13. Moab is עַם־כ׳ Numbers 21:29 (ode) people of Chemosh, and Moabites his sons and daughters, cf. Jeremiah 48:46. He is said to be also the God of the Ammonites Judges 11:25 (probably an error BaeRel. 15 GFM).
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כמן
(√ of foll. (si vera l.); perhaps be hidden; cf. Aramaic כְּמַן, ܟܡܶܢ, lie in ambush; Arabic كَمَنَ id. is denom. from loan-word كمين according to Frä 243).
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כַּמֹּן
n.m. cumin, plant grown as condiment (𝔊 κύμινον, cuminum cyminum; PlinNH xix. 8; Germ. ‘römischer Kümmel;’ LöwNo. 152; √ dub.; NH id. Aramaic כַּמּוֹנָא, ܟܰܡܘܽܢܳܐ; Arabic كَمُّونٌ, Ethiopic ከሚን on format. cf. LagBN 89; loan-word according to Di832);—Isaiah 28:25, Isaiah 28:27, Isaiah 28:27.
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כָּמַס
vb. store up (si vera l.), in
Pt. pass. כָּמֻס Deuteronomy 32:34 is not this stored up (laid up in store) with me (‖ חָתוּם בְּאוֹצְרֹתָ֑י); but read prob. כָּנֻם in same meaning (v. כנס, and Dr Deuteronomy 32:34).
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כֵּן²
adv. so, thus (Ph. NH 𝔗 id.; Syriac ܟܶܢ is then, Arabic لٰكِنْ, لٰكِنَّ, but: prob. from the demonstr. √ ka, found in כִּי etc., Köii 1, 254); (הִיא) כֶּן־הוּא Genesis 44:10 + 4 times: so thus (i.e. usually, as has been described or commanded, with ref. to what has preceded), mostly of manner, but sometimes also of quantity, quality, or degree:
Judges 5:31 כן יאבדו so perish thy enemies, Job 5:27 כֶּן־הִיא, Job 8:13 כן ארחות כל שׁכחי אל, Proverbs 6:29; Proverbs 8:13; II Samuel 16:23 Isaiah 36:6; Isaiah 47:15 כן היו לך, Numbers 13:33 וכן היינו בעיניהם; Numbers 9:16 כן יהיה תמיד; Exodus 10:14, Exodus 10:14 לא היה כן ארבה כמהו וג׳ (i.e. in such numbers), I Kings 10:12 לא בא כן עצי אלמגים, v I Kings 10:20 II Chronicles 1:12, II Chronicles 1:12, Judges 21:14 ולא מצאו להם כן and they did not suffice for them so (viz. in such numbers of them as there were); I Kings 6:26 וכן הכרוב השׁני, Ezekiel 41:7 (?); וכן ל׳ Exodus 27:11 I Kings 10:29 Ezekiel 40:16 II Chronicles 35:12, cf. I Chronicles 23:30; כן ל׳ Exodus 25:33 (cf. Exodus 26:24), Joshua 21:40.
the force of כֵּן has sometimes to be elicited from the context: I Kings 2:7 כי כן קרבו אלי (sc. with kindness such as that enjoined in v a), I Kings 20:40 כן משׁפטך, Jeremiah 14:10 כן אהבו לנוע (i.e. not less than י׳ has withdrawn from them v Jeremiah 14:9, Gf Ke; Gie proposes אָכֵן), Psalms 61:9 כֵּן אֲוַמְּרָה שִׁמְךָ (Hi כְּצִדְקְךָ, implied in v Psalms 61:6-8), Psalms 63:3 כֵּן בַּקֹּדֶשׁ חֲזִיתִךָ (sc. with the longings of v Psalms 63:2), v Psalms 63:5 כֵּן אֲבָרֶכְךָ בְחַיָּי (sc. כִּי־טוֹב חַסְדְּךָ v Psalms 63:4), Psalms 65:10 כִּי כֵן תְּכִינֶהָ (i.e. so generously, v Psalms 65:10), Psalms 90:12 לִמְנוֹת יָמֵינוּ כֵּן הוֹדַע (Hi כְּיִרְאַת י׳ v Psalms 90:11), Psalms 127:2 כֵּן יִּתֵּן לִידִידוֹ שֵׁנָא (sc. as abundantly; but Che אָכֵן), Proverbs 24:14 (see v Proverbs 24:13), Isaiah 52:14 כֵּן מִשְׁחַת מֵאִישׁ מַרְאֵהוּ (sufficiently to justify שׁממו עליך רבים).
כן occurs freq. in partic. phrases, as (a) with הָיָה, especially ויהי כן and it was so Genesis 1:7, Genesis 1:9, Genesis 1:11 +, II Kings 2:10 if thou seest me taken from thee יהי־לך כן let it be to thee so (sc. as thou desirest), II Kings 7:20, with עשׂה (especially וַיַּעַשׂ, וַיַּעֲשׂוּ) Genesis 29:28; Genesis 42:20; Genesis 45:21 + often, Judges 7:16 מִמֶּנִּי תִרְאוּ וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּ, + ל׳ Genesis 42:25 ויעשׂ להם כן, Exodus 22:29; Exodus 23:11 כן תעשׂה ל׳, Deuteronomy 22:3 II Samuel 12:31 I Kings 11:8 (cf. I Kings 6:33; I Kings 7:18); Genesis 29:26 לא יֵעָשֶׂה כן במקומנו, Genesis 34:7 II Samuel 13:12; rarer usages, דִּבֶּר כֵּן Exodus 6:9, אמר כן I Kings 22:8 כֵּן אמרתם Ezekiel 11:5; Ezekiel 33:10, אָמֵן כֵּן יֹאמַר י׳ I Kings 1:36 (cf. Jeremiah 28:6), וגם שׁאול אבי יֹדֵעַ כֵּן I Samuel 23:17; אָהֵב כֵּן (idiom.) to love (it) so, †Jeremiah 5:31 Amos 4:5; (b) Genesis 50:3 כי כן ימלאו ימי החנֻטים (cf. Judges 14:10 II Samuel 13:18 Esther 2:12); (c) alone, אִם כֵּן if it be soGenesis 25:22; Genesis 43:11; †וַיִּרְאוּ כִּי־כֵן I Samuel 5:7, יָדַעְתִּי כִּי־כֵן Job 9:2; (d) לא כן not so (viz. as has been described or implied), with a subst. Numbers 12:7 לא כן עבדי משׁה, II Samuel 20:21; II Samuel 23:5 Psalms 1:4 Job 9:35 b כי־לא־כן אנכי עמדי not so am I with myself (i. e. I am not conscious of being one who would fear him, v a), with a vb. Deuteronomy 18:14 ואתה לא כן נתן לך י׳ (not so,—viz. as implied in v a), II Samuel 18:14 Isaiah 10:7 לא כן יְדַמֶּה, לא כן יחשׁב, absol. Genesis 48:18 לא כן אבי, Exodus 10:11.
Often, to emphasize the agreement, in answer to כְּ, and כַּאֲשֶׁר: viz.
כְּכֵּן, (a) Genesis 44:10 = Joshua 2:21 כדבריכם כֶּן־הוּא, according to your words, so be it, I Samuel 25:25 כי כשׁמו כֶּן־הוּא, Psalms 48:11 Proverbs 23:7 כֶּן־הוּא (after conj. כְּמוֹ), Ezekiel 42:11 כְּאָרְכָּן כֵּן רָחְבָּן; (b) Leviticus 27:12 כְּעֶרְכְּךָ כֵּן יִהְיֶה, II Samuel 13:35 Numbers 8:4; Numbers 9:14; Numbers 15:20 Deuteronomy 8:20 Judges 11:10, so after כְּפִי Numbers 6:21; (c) כְּכֹלכֵּןI Samuel 8:8 II Samuel 7:17 Jeremiah 42:5; (d) in similes, (α) II Samuel 14:17 כמלאך הא׳ כן אדני המלך, Jeremiah 18:6 Psalms 123:2; Psalms 127:4 Proverbs 10:26; Proverbs 26:8, Proverbs 26:19; Proverbs 27:8, Proverbs 27:19 Song of Songs 2:2, Song of Songs 2:3; (β) Joel 2:4 כְּפָרָשִׁים כֵּן יְרוּצוּן, Isaiah 31:5 Isaiah 38:14 Psalms 103:15 Proverbs 26:1, Proverbs 26:2; (γ) Psalms 42:2 כאיל תערגכן נפשׁי וג׳ like the hind which etc., Psalms 83:16 Isaiah 61:11; Isaiah 63:14 Job 7:3, so after כמו Isaiah 26:17; (δ) Jeremiah 2:26 כְּבשֶׁת גַּנָּבכֵּן הוֹבִישׁוּ Jeremiah 6:7; Jeremiah 34:5 (read כְּמשׂרפות), Ezekiel 22:22 (cf. v Ezekiel 22:20), Ezekiel 23:44; Ezekiel 34:12; cf. (of degree) Ezekiel 35:15 (om. 𝔊 Co), Hosea 4:7 כְּרֻכָּם כֵּן חָֽטְאוּ לִי. Of time (rare) Hosea 6:3 (?), I Samuel 9:13 כְּבֹאֲכֶם הָעִיר כֵּן תִּמְצְאוּן אֹתוֹ.
Ezra 10:12 כן כדבריך עלינו לעשׂות.
כַּאֲשֶׁרכֵּן …, (a) Exodus 7:6 כאשׁר צוה י׳ כן עשׂו, Exodus 12:28, Exodus 12:50; Exodus 39:43 (cf. Exodus 27:8), Numbers 8:22 (cf. Numbers 5:4), Numbers 17:26; Numbers 36:10 Joshua 14:5 (all P); Genesis 41:13 כאשׁר פתר כן היה, Joshua 10:1, Joshua 10:39; Joshua 11:15 Judges 1:7; Judges 15:11 b Psalms 48:9; (b) (freq.) Numbers 2:17 כאשׁר יַחֲנוּ כֵּן יִסָּ֑עוּ, Exodus 1:12 (of degree = the morethe more) כַּאֲשֶׁר יְעַנּוּ אֹתוֹ כֵּן יִרְבֶּה וְכֵן יִפְרֹץ; (c) Genesis 6:22 ככל אשׁר צוה אתו אלהים כן עשׂה, Exodus 39:32, Exodus 39:42; Exodus 40:16 Numbers 1:54; Numbers 2:34; Numbers 8:20; Numbers 9:5 (all P), cf. Exodus 25:9 (וְכֵן), simil. II Samuel 9:11 II Kings 16:11, cf. Joshua 1:17 Jeremiah 42:20; (d) Exodus 27:8 כאשׁר הֶרְאָה אתך כן יעשׂו, II Samuel 16:19 I Kings 2:38 Isaiah 20:4; Isaiah 52:14; with the same vb. repeated Leviticus 24:19, Leviticus 24:20 Deuteronomy 28:63 כאשׁר שׂשׂכן ישׂישׂ, Joshua 23:15; I Samuel 15:33; I Samuel 26:24 I Kings 1:37 Isaiah 10:11 Jeremiah 5:19; Jeremiah 31:28; Jeremiah 32:42; Jeremiah 42:18 Ezekiel 12:11; Ezekiel 20:36 Zechariah 7:13 Proverbs 24:29; Numbers 14:28 אם לא כאשׁר דברתם כן אעשׂה, Isaiah 14:24, so after הלא Isaiah 10:11, after asseverative כי II Samuel 3:9 I Kings 1:30; so כָּל־עֻמַּת שֶׁ׳כֵּןEcclesiastes 5:15; (e) Judges 7:17 b כאשׁר אעשׂה כן תעשׂון, Leviticus 27:14 Numbers 15:14, cf. Jeremiah 39:12; (f) in similes, Deuteronomy 12:22; Deuteronomy 22:26 Amos 3:12 Isaiah 65:8 Jeremiah 13:11.
כן כאשׁר …, (a) Exodus 7:10 ויעשׂו כן כאשׁר צוה י׳, v Exodus 7:20 Joshua 4:8 II Samuel 5:25 Ezekiel 12:7, cf. Genesis 50:12 Numbers 8:3; iron. Amos 5:14 יהי כן י׳ אתּכם כאשׁר אמרתם, Exodus 10:10; (b) Genesis 18:5 כן תעשׂה כאשׁר דברת, Nehemiah 5;Nehemiah 12.—Occasionally in poetry כאשׁר is not expressed: Isaiah 54:9 (De), Isaiah 55:9 Jeremiah 3;Jeremiah 20 Job 7:9 Hosea 11:2 קראו להם כן הלכו מפניהם (of degree: so = in the same proportion), Psalms 48:6 המה ראו כן תמהו (i.e. in the same measure that they saw); Jeremiah 33:22 (according to many, but dub.; read prob. כאשׁר Gie) it is represented by אשׁר (so Isaiah 54:9 Hi Ew Di): Judges 5:15 Ezekiel 22:20 כ is not expressed. Nahum 1:12 is prob. corrupt; Zechariah 11:11 for כן עניי read כְּנַעֲנֵי.—כֹּה, כָּכָה, כָּזֹאת are syn., but differ considerably in usage.
With prepositions:—
אַחַר־כֵּן, אַחֲרֵי־כֵן, מֵאַחֲרֵי־כֵן, lit. after so, i. e. afterwards: v. אַחַר.
בְּכֵן (late), lit. in such circumstances, i.e. thereupon, then, Ecclesiastes 8;Ecclesiastes 10 Esther 4:16 (𝔗 בְּכֵין often for אָז; e.g. Exodus 15:1; SyriacJerus. ܒܟܢ = τότε).
כְּמוֹ־כֵן Isaiah 51:6, according to some, like so, i.e. (Vrss Rabb) in like manner, or (De) like this (accompanied by a contemptuous gesture) = like a mere nothing: but v. iv. כֵּן.
לָכֵן200 according to such conditions, that being so, therefore Numbers 16:11 I Samuel 27:6 Psalms 16:9; Psalms 73:6, Psalms 73:10; especially in proph., where it often introduces, after statement of the grounds, a divine declaration or command: Judges 10:13 II Kings 1:6 Amos 4:12 Isaiah 5:13, Isaiah 5:14, Isaiah 5:24; Isaiah 7:14; Isaiah 10:16; Isaiah 16:7; Isaiah 27:9 Jeremiah 6:15; Jeremiah 8:10 etc.; לכן כה אמר י׳ II Kings 21:12 Isaiah 10:24; Isaiah 28:16; Isaiah 29:22; Isaiah 30:12; Isaiah 37:33 Jeremiah 5:14; Jeremiah 6:21 + often; sq. נאם האדון Isaiah 1:24; נאם י׳ I Samuel 2:30 Jeremiah 2:9; לכן הנה ימים באים נאם י׳ Jeremiah 7:32; Jeremiah 16:14; Jeremiah 19:6 +; לכן חי אני נאם י׳ Ezekiel 5:11; Ezekiel 35:6, Ezekiel 35:11 Zephaniah 2:9; לכן הנניI Kings 14:10 Hosea 2:8, Hosea 2:16 Isaiah 29:14 Jeremiah 16:21 Ezekiel 16:37; Ezekiel 22:19 b; Ezekiel 25:4, Ezekiel 25:7, Ezekiel 25:9 +; לכן אֱמֹרExodus 6:6 Numbers 25:12 (both P), Ezekiel 11:16, Ezekiel 11:17; Ezekiel 14:6; Ezekiel 20:30; Ezekiel 33:25; Ezekiel 36:22; לָכֵן דַּבֵּרEzekiel 14:4; Ezekiel 20:27; לָכֵן הִנָּבֵאEzekiel 11:4; Ezekiel 36:3, Ezekiel 36:6; Ezekiel 37:12; Ezekiel 38:14; לָכֵן שִׁמְעוּIsaiah 28:14; Isaiah 51:21 Jeremiah 6:18; Jeremiah 44:26 +. In answer to יען, Numbers 20:12 (P), I Kings 14:10 II Kings 1:16; II Kings 21:12; II Kings 22:20 Isaiah 29:14; Isaiah 30:13 Jeremiah 19:6 +, Ezekiel 5:8 Ezekiel 13:23 +; so, once, וְלָכֵן Isaiah 8:7; to כי Isaiah 28:16 Jeremiah 35:17; על Jeremiah 9:14; אם Jeremiah 23:38; Jeremiah 42:15. Special usages:—(a) idiom., in conversation, in reply to an objection, to state the ground upon which the answer is made; Genesis 4:15 therefore—this being so—whoso killeth Cain, etc., Genesis 30:15 Judges 8:7; Judges 11:8 I Samuel 28:2 I Kings 22:19 Job 20:2 (𝔊 in Gn K Jb, not perceiving the idiom, renders οὐχ οὕτως (as though לא־כן): so also strangely, elsewhere, as I Samuel 3:14 II Kings 1:4, II Kings 1:6; II Kings 21:12). (b) inferring the cause from the effect, or developing what is logically involved in a statement, Isaiah 26:14 b (cf. De) therefore thou hast visited and destroyed them (not a consequence of v a ‘the dead rise not,’ but the development of what is implicit in it), Isaiah 61:7 Jeremiah 2:33; Jeremiah 5:2 (because viz. אין אמונה v Jeremiah 5:1), Job 34:25; Job 42:3.—Zechariah 11:7 read לִכְנַעֲנֵי הַצֹּאן.
עַד־כֵּן hitherto (of time), as yet Nehemiah 2:16.
עַל־כֵּן145 upon ground of such conditions, therefore (introducing, more generally than לָכֵן, the statement of a fact, rather than a declaration: never used in the phrases noted under לָכֵן), Genesis 20:6; Genesis 42:21 Exodus 5:8, Exodus 5:17; Exodus 16:29; Exodus 20:11 I Samuel 20:29; I Samuel 28:18 II Samuel 7:22, II Samuel 7:27 I Kings 20:23 Isaiah 5:25; Isaiah 9:16; Isaiah 13:7, Isaiah 13:13; Isaiah 15:4, Isaiah 15:7; Isaiah 16:9, Isaiah 16:11; Isaiah 17:10; Isaiah 21:3 Jeremiah 5:6, Jeremiah 5:27; Jeremiah 10:21; Jeremiah 12:8; Jeremiah 20:11; Jeremiah 31:3, Jeremiah 31:20 Ezekiel 7:20; Ezekiel 22:4; Ezekiel 31:5 etc., Psalms 1:5; Psalms 42:7; Psalms 45:3 c (the poet’s inference from v a. b), v Psalms 45:8 Psalms 110:7 Job 6:3; Job 9:22; Job 17:4; Job 20:21 etc., Song of Songs 1:3; and regularly where the origin of a name, or custom, or proverb is assigned, Genesis 2:24 על־כן יעזב אישׁ וג׳, Genesis 10:9 על־כן יֵאָמַ֔ר, Genesis 11:9 על־כן קרא שׁמה בבל, Genesis 16:14; Genesis 19:22; Genesis 21:31; Genesis 25:30; Genesis 26:33; Genesis 29:34, Genesis 29:35; Genesis 30:6; Genesis 32:33; Genesis 47:22 Exodus 13:15; Exodus 15:23 Numbers 18:24; Numbers 21:14, Numbers 21:27 Deuteronomy 10:9 (cf. Deuteronomy 15:11, Deuteronomy 15:15; Deuteronomy 19:7; Deuteronomy 24:18, Deuteronomy 24:22), Joshua 7:26; Joshua 14:14 Judges 15:19; Judges 18:12 I Samuel 5:5; I Samuel 10:12; I Samuel 23:28 (? read so I Samuel 27:6) II Samuel 5:8, II Samuel 5:20 etc.; הַעַל־כֵּןHabakkuk 1:17.—Esther 9:26 the 2nd על כן (unless dittogr.) points unusually onwards to על כל דברי האגרת on this account, on account, viz., etc.
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כֵּן³
v. כון;
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כֵּן⁴
v. I. כנן;
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כֵּן⁵
v. II. כנן
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כָּנְיָהוּ
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כִּנָּם
v. iv. כֵּן sub II. כנן.
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כֵּן⁶
n.m. base, pedestal, office (NH כַּנָּה; Aramaic כַּנְתָּא, ܟܰܢܳܐ )—abs. כ׳ Isaiah 33:23 I Kings 7:31 (but v. infr.); sf. כַּנּוֹ Exodus 30:18 + 11 times; כַּנֶּ֑ךָ Genesis 40:13; כַּנִּי Genesis 41:13;—
lit. base, pedestal, I Kings 7:31 (like) the work of a pedestal (Th VB), according to StaZAW iii, 1883, 161, 162 מַעֲשֵׂה־כֵן is in wrong place, being orig. part of a gloss to v I Kings 7:35;—כ׳ in v I Kings 7:29 = thus, or is textual error;—כֵּן־תָּרְנָם Isaiah 33:23 the base (support or socket) of their mast (so Thes and most); especially of base of laver of tabernacle Exodus 30:18, Exodus 30:28; Exodus 31:9; Exodus 35:16; Exodus 38:8; Exodus 39:39; Exodus 40:11 Leviticus 8:11 (all P).
office, place Genesis 40:13; Genesis 41:13 (both E); hence (late) עַל־כַּנּוֹ in his place Daniel 11:20, Daniel 11:21, Daniel 11:38 (i.e. in his stead, as his successor, cf. Germ. an seiner Stelle); עַל om. v Daniel 11:7.
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כְּנַנְיָ֫הוּ
n.pr.m. (י׳ is firm);—
a Levite I Chronicles 15:22 𝔊 Κωνενια, A Χωνενια, 𝔊L Ιεχονιας; = כְּנַנְיָה v I Chronicles 15:27, 𝔊 Ιεχονιας, A Χενενιας, 𝔊L Χονενιας.
an Izharite I Chronicles 26:29, 𝔊 Χωνεν(ε)ια(ς).
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כְּנָנִי
n.pr.m. a Levite Nehemiah 9:4, אc. a A Χανανι, 𝔊L Χωνενιας (B om.)
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כְּנַנְיָ֫הוּ²
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כֵּן⁷
(?), כִּנִּם, כִּנָּם n.[m.], meaning dub.; either gnat, gnats, gnat-swarm (so 𝔊 𝔙 PhiloVita Mos. i, p. 97, OrigenHom 4, 6 in Ex., and most moderns), or [louse,] lice (so 𝔖 𝔗 JosAnt. ii, 14, 13 BochHieroz. II, ii, 572 f., as NH כִּנָּה, pl. כִּנִּים = maggots, and especially lice)—abs. perh. כֵּן Isaiah 51:6 (v. infr.); pl. כִּנִּים Exodus 8:13, Exodus 8:14 Psalms 105:31, כִּנִּם Exodus 8:12; Exodus 8:13, Exodus 8:14 has, also, כִּנָּם prob. a mere Mas. device for כִּנִּם (cf. Di), on account of preceding וַתְּהִי (on which see Ges§ 145. 4 DaSynt. § 116); Sam. has כנים throughout:—of Egyptian plague Exodus 8:12, Exodus 8:13(×2), Exodus 8:14(×2) (all P), hence Psalms 105:31; כְּמוֹ־כֵן יְמוּתוּן Isaiah 51:6 like a gnat-swarm (?) shall they die (cf. Di Du; Weir Che read כנים, cf. Buhlp. 355; > Brd De like this). Note.—NöM 54 BaNB § 15, ES 53 BuhlGes HWB ed. 12 connect this word etymol. with Aramaic כלמתא vermin, Ba and Buhl also with Assyrian kalmatu, id. [DlHWB 333], and even with Aramaic קלמתא, ܩܰܠܡܬܳܐ, Arabic قَمْلٌ, etc., Ethiopic ቍማl louse; but these connexions, as well as that with NH כְּנִימָה, all involving radical מ, are most improb.
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כָּנַס
vb. gather, collect (NH id. brought in; Aramaic כְּנַס (v. כנשׁ); Ethiopic ከነሰ in der. conj. assemble for worship, etc.; Arabic كَنَسَ is sweep, sweep away, destroy)
(late) Pf. 1 s. כָּנַסְתִּי Ecclesiastes 2:8; Imv. כְּנוֹס Esther 4:16; Inf. cstr. I Chronicles 22:2 + 3 times; Pt. כֹּנֵס Psalms 33:7;—gather people I Chronicles 22:2 Esther 4:16; כ׳ כַּנֵּד מֵי הַיָּ֑ם נֹתֵן בְּאוֹצָרוֹת תְּהוֹמוֹת Psalms 33:7 (read perhaps, for כַּנֵּד, כַּנֹּאד as in a wine skin, v. נאד, נד); gather, collect portions of harvest for priests and Levites Nehemiah 12:44; stones Ecclesiastes 3:5 (opp. השׁליך); silver and gold = amass wealth Ecclesiastes 2:8; abs. v Ecclesiastes 2:26 (‖ אסף).
Pf. 1 s. וְכִנַּסְתִּ֫י אֶתְכֶם Ezekiel 22:21 and I will gather you together (for punishment; Co tr. to v Ezekiel 22:20 and reads for וְהִנַּחְתִּ֫י; ‖ קבץ v Ezekiel 22:19, Ezekiel 22:20); of restoration וְכִנַּסְתִּים אֶל־אַדְמָתָם Ezekiel 39:28, and יְכַנֵּס Psalms 147:2.
Inf. cstr. וְהַמַּסֵּכָה צָרָה כְּהִתְכַּנֵּס Isaiah 28:20 and the covering is (too) narrow when one gathers oneself together (‖ קָצַר הַמַּצָּע מֵהִשְׂתַּרֵעַ), i.e. the bed is too short to stretch one-self at full length, and when one (perforce) draws up the feet, the covering becomes too narrow.
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כְּנַ֫עַן
n.pr.m. et terr. Canaan (𝔊 Χανααν, Ph. כנען = Phoenicia; Χνα = כנע, Hecataeus, v. MüllerFr. Hist. Gr. i, 17 al.; Egyptian Ka-n-ʿ-nḁ WMMAsien u. Europa, 205 ff.; Tel Amarna Kina̮hna, Kinaḫḫi, etc., BezoldBM Tablets, 150 WklTA 39; etym. dub. GFMPAOS Oct. 1890, lxvii ff.; v. also GASmGeogr. 4 f. BuhlGeogr. § 42);—
as n.pr.m., son of Ham Genesis 9:18, Genesis 9:22, Genesis 9:25, Genesis 9:27; Genesis 10:15 (as ancestor of Canaanites and Phoenicians; all J); Genesis 10:6 (P); I Chronicles 1:8, I Chronicles 1:13 (from Genesis 10:6, Genesis 10:15).
land, W. of Jordan, into wh. Hebrews came, and where they settled, subduing the inhabitants; מַלְכֵי כְּנַעַן Judges 5:19, מלך כ׳ Judges 4:2, Judges 4:23, Judges 4:24(×2); hence מַמְלְכוֹת כ׳ Psalms 135:11; ישְׁבֵי כ׳ Exodus 15:15 (song in E); cf. מִלְחֲמוֹת כ׳ Judges 3:1; עֲצַבֵּי כ׳ Psalms 106:38 idols of Canaan, i. e. of the former inhabitants; especially אֶרֶץ(־) כ׳, אַרְצָה כ׳ Genesis 44:8; Genesis 46:31; Genesis 47:1, Genesis 47:4, Genesis 47:13, Genesis 47:14, Genesis 47:15; Genesis 50:5, Genesis 50:13 (all J), Genesis 35:6; Genesis 42:5, Genesis 42:7, Genesis 42:13, Genesis 42:29, Genesis 42:32; Genesis 45:17, Genesis 45:25 Joshua 24:3 (all E), Genesis 11:31; Genesis 12:5(×2); Genesis 13:12 (opp. עָרֵי הַכִּכָּר v b), Genesis 16:3; Genesis 17:8 (P) +, Joshua 22:9, Joshua 22:10, Joshua 22:11 (P) Judges 21:12 I Chronicles 16:18 = Psalms 105:11; also הָאָרֶץ כ׳ Numbers 34:2 (P); בְּנוֹת כ׳ Genesis 28:1 daughters of Canaan = women of the land, so v Genesis 28:6, Genesis 28:8; Genesis 36:2 (all P); כנען is personif. Hosea 12:8 = apostate Israel; שְׂפַת כ׳ Isaiah 19:18 = the Hebrew lang. (without evil implication).
the coast, especially Phoenicia Isaiah 23:11; cf. כ׳ אֶרֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּים Zephaniah 2:5.
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כְּנַ֫עַן²
n.[m.] merchant(s) (because Canaanites, especially Phoenicians, were traders);—כָּל־עַם כְּנַעַן Zephaniah 1:11; אֶרֶץ כ׳ Ezekiel 16:29 (om. 𝔊 B al. Co), Ezekiel 17:4 a land of merchants; cf. כנעני ad fin.
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כְּנַעֲנִי
adj. et nom. gent. of 1. כְּנַעַן;—usually ms. (הַ)כְּנַעֲנִי Genesis 38:2 Numbers 21:1 +; fs. הַכְּנַעֲנִית Genesis 46:10 = Exodus 6:15 I Chronicles 2:3; mpl.; (הַ)כְּנַעֲנִים Obadiah 1:20 Nehemiah 9:24;—
adj. אִישׁ כ׳ Genesis 38:2 (J).
c. art. as subst.,
of individual, הַכּ׳ מֶלֶךְ־עֲרָד Numbers 21:1 (J) and hence Numbers 33:40 (P or R); f. הַכְּנַעֲנִית Genesis 46:10 = Exodus 6:15 (P) בַּת־שׁוּעַ הַכְּנַעֲנִית I Chronicles 2:3.
usually coll. (c. art.) of pre-Isr. inhabitants of כְּנַעַן (q.v.) Genesis 12:6; Genesis 24:3, Genesis 24:37; Genesis 50:11 (all J), Numbers 21:3 (J), Joshua 13:3 (D), Judges 1:1, Judges 1:3, Judges 1:9, Judges 1:10, Judges 1:17, many of whom continued to live in the midst of Isr., v Judges 1:27, Judges 1:28, Judges 1:29(×2), Judges 1:30, Judges 1:32, Judges 1:33 Joshua 16:10(×2), Joshua 17:12, Joshua 17:13, Joshua 17:16, Joshua 17:18 (all JE), I Kings 9:16; pl. only Obadiah 1:20, and יֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ הַכְּנַעֲנִים Nehemiah 9:24; מִשְׁפְּחוֹת הַכּ׳ Genesis 10:18, גְּבוּל הַכּ׳ v Genesis 10:19 (both J), אֶרֶץ הַכּ׳ Exodus 13:11 (JE), Ezekiel 16:3; often of part of the inhabit., הַכּ׳ וְכָל יֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ Joshua 7:9 (JE), Deuteronomy 11:30; with other n.pr.gent., + הַפְּרִזִּי Genesis 13:7; Genesis 34:30 (both J), Judges 1:4, Judges 1:5, + הָאֱמֹרִי Deuteronomy 1:7 Joshua 5:1; Joshua 13:4 (all D); + הַחִוִּי II Samuel 24:7; + עֲמָלֵקִ(י) Numbers 14:25, Numbers 14:43, Numbers 14:45; especially in the list of peoples dispossessed by Isr., Genesis 15:21 Exodus 3:8, Exodus 3:17; Exodus 13:5; Exodus 23:23, Exodus 23:28; Exodus 33:2; Exodus 34:11 Numbers 13:29 (הַכּ׳ dwelling by the sea and along Jordan [cf. Deuteronomy 1:7; Deuteronomy 11:30 Joshua 5:1; Joshua 11:3; Joshua 13:4]; all these JE), Deuteronomy 7:1; Deuteronomy 20:17 Joshua 3:10; Joshua 9:1; Joshua 11:3; Joshua 12:8; Joshua 24:11 (all JED), Judges 3:3, Judges 3:5; hence Ezra 9:1 Nehemiah 9:8. Cf. Dr Dt. p. 11, 13 f., 97, 133.
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כְּנַעֲנִי²
n.m. trader, merchant (cf. ii. כְּנַעַו); only sg. (but v. infr. pl. כְּנַעֲנִים Job 40:30; pl. sf. כִּנְעָנֶיהָ (si vera l.) Isaiah 23:8 (‖ סֹחֲרֶיהָ).):—וְלֹא יִהְיֶה כ׳ עוֹד בְּבֵית י׳ Zechariah 14:21 (Aq.); וַחֲגוֹר נָֽתְנָה לַכּ׳ Proverbs 31:24 (‖ סָדִין עָֽשְׂתָה וַתִּמְכֹּר). In Zechariah 11:7, Zechariah 11:11 read perhaps (לִ)כְנַעֲנִיֵּי for (לָ)כֵן עֲנִיֵּי, 𝔊 Χαναναῖοι, Χαναανῖτιν, StaZAW, 1881, 26 (who comp. as to sense Hosea 12:8), cf. Klo We Marti.
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כְּנַעֲנָה
n.pr.m.
father of proph. Zedekiah I Kings 22:11, I Kings 22:24 = II Chronicles 18:10, II Chronicles 18:23 (𝔊 Χανααν, Χαανα, Χανανα).
a Benjamite I Chronicles 7:10 (𝔊 Χανααν, Χαναναν).
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כָּנָף
n.f. I Kings 6:27 (m. Ezekiel 7:2 Kt, but cf. Qr and Co; also appar. II Chronicles 3:11, II Chronicles 3:13, but v. Be), wing, extremity (NH id.; Aramaic כַּנְפָֿא, ܟܶܢܦܳܐ; Zinj. אחז בכנף מראה, fig. for attached himself to the party of his lord, PanammuInser. l. 11, cf. Zechariah 8:23 (2 a infr.); DHMSendsch. 58; Arabic كَنَفٌ, Assyrian kappu, Ethiopic ክንፍ );—abs. כ׳ Genesis 1:21 +; cstr. כְּנַף I Kings 6:24 +; sf. כְּנָפִי Ezekiel 16:8, כְּנָפֶ֑ךָ Ruth 3:9, כְּנָפוֹ Haggai 2:12; du. כְּנָפַיִם I Kings 8:7 + (even of more than two, Isaiah 6:2(×2) Ezekiel 1:6, Ezekiel 1:21); cstr. כַּנְפֵי Exodus 19:4; sf. כְּנָפֶיךָ Ezekiel 5:3, כְּנָפַיִךְ Jeremiah 2:34, כְּנָפָיו Isaiah 8:8 +; כְּנָפֶיהָ Hosea 4:19 Malachi 3:20; כַּנְפֵיהֶם I Kings 6:27 +; כַּנְפֵיהֶן Ezekiel 1:24, Ezekiel 1:25; pl. cstr. כַּנְפוֹת Deuteronomy 22:12 + 4 times;—
wing,
of birds Isaiah 10:14 (in fig.), Exodus 19:4 (E? R? fig.) Deuteronomy 32:11 (in sim.), Zechariah 5:9 Leviticus 1:17 (P), Job 39:13, Job 39:26 Psalms 68:14; in fig. of invading king Jeremiah 48:40; Jeremiah 49:22 Ezekiel 17:3, Ezekiel 17:7; so appar. Isaiah 8:8 of invader as overflowing river (but Du Che separate וְהָיָה מֻטּוֹת כְּנָפָיו from preceding); of riches, as flying away Proverbs 23:5; in phr. צִפּוֹר כָּנָף = winged birds Deuteronomy 4:17 Psalms 148:10, (עֵיט)צִפּוֹר כָּל־כ׳ Ezekiel 39:4, Ezekiel 39:17, כֹּל צִפּוֹר כָּל־כ׳ Genesis 7:14 (P), Ezekiel 17:23, עוֹף כ׳ Genesis 1:21 (P), Psalms 78:27; also בַּעַל כ׳ Proverbs 1:17 = winged thing, cf. בַּעַל־ה֯כְּנָפַיִם Ecclesiastes 10:20.
of insects (prob.), אֶרֶץ צִלְצַל כְּנָפָ֑יִם Isaiah 18:1 buzzing, or humming of wings, i. e. Ethiopia, so called from its swarms of flies, with especial ref. poss. to the tsetse-fly (so Du, cf. Che; id., in gen., Hi De; > Kn Di of the tropical shadow falling both ways; Thes1167 b of noise of the wings of an army; ref. to sails as wings—cf. v Isaiah 18:2—would be suitable, but צִלְצַל does not favour this).
of cherubim I Kings 6:24(×4) + 8 times K, cf. II Chronicles 3:11(×4) + 6 times Ch, Ezekiel 1:6 + 17 times Ez, Exodus 25:20(×2) Exodus 39:9(×2) (all P).
of seraphim Isaiah 6:2(×2)
of women in Zec.’s vision Zechariah 5:9(×2).
fig. of the dawn (winged sun-disc?) Psalms 139:9, cf. of sun of righteousness Malachi 3:20.
fig. of י׳, as protector of his people Psalms 17:8; Psalms 36:8; Psalms 57:2; Psalms 61:5; Psalms 63:5; Psalms 91:4 Ruth 2:12.
extremity.—
of garment, =skirt, corner, or loose flowing end, I Samuel 15:27; I Samuel 24:5, I Samuel 24:6, I Samuel 24:12(×2) Deuteronomy 22:12; Deuteronomy 23:1; Deuteronomy 27:20 Jeremiah 2:34 (fig.), Ezekiel 5:3; Ezekiel 16:8 (in fig.), Haggai 2:12(×2) Zechariah 8:23 Numbers 15:38(×2) (P; cf. RSSem i. 416, 2nd ed. 437) Ruth 3:9.
of the earth, מִכְּנַף הָאָרֶץ Isaiah 24:16 from the end of the earth; elsewhere pl. כַּנְפוֹת הָא׳ Job 37:3; Job 38:13, and, def. אַרְבַּע כ׳ הא׳ Isaiah 11:12 the four corners of the earth; so of the holy land Ezekiel 7:2.—עַל־כְּנַף שִׁקּוּצִים מְשׁוֹמֵם Daniel 9:27 is obscure; Meinh. reads, after Vrss., כָּנָף, on the corner (of the altar) is a devastating abomination; < KueOnderzoek 2, ii. 472 Bev, who read עַל־כַּנּוֹ in its place, instead of it.
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כִּנּוֹר
n.m. Psalms 81:3 lyre (on formation cf. LagBN 89, Anm.; NH id.; Aramaic כִּנָּרָא, ܟܶܢܳܪܳܐ; Mand. כינאר(א)M § 104 (who questions Shemitic origin); Arabic كِنَارٌ, كَنَّارَةٌ; as loan-word in Hellen. Gk. κινύρα (𝔊 and Joseph); in Egyptian kn-an-aul according to Bondi79)—abs. כ׳ Genesis 4:21 +; sf. כִּנֹּרִי Job 30:31; pl. כִּנֹּרוֹת I Kings 10:12 +; sf. כִּנּוֹרַיִךְ Ezekiel 26:13, כִּנֹּרוֹתֵינוּ Psalms 137:2;—lyre, stringed instrument used for popular as well as sacred music (cf. BenzArch. 273 ff. NowArch. i. 273 ff.);—כ׳ וְעוּגָב Genesis 4:21, בְּתֹף וּבְכ׳ Genesis 31:27; אִישׁ יֹדֵעַ מְנַגֵּן בַּכּ׳ I Samuel 16:16 a man skilled in playing on the lyre, cf. v Genesis 31:23 (וִנִגֵּן בְּיָדוֹ); at banquets Isaiah 5:12 (+ נֶבֶל, תֹּף, חָלִיל), token of merriment Isaiah 24:8 (+ תֻּפִּים), Ezekiel 26:13, cf. וַיְהִי לְאֵבֶל כִּנֹּרִ֑י וְעֻגָבִי לְקוֹל בֹּכִים Job 30:31, יִשְׂאוּ כְתֹף וְכ׳ וְיִשְׂמְחוּ לְקוֹל עוּגָב Job 21:12; carried by a loose woman Isaiah 23:16 (fig. of Tyre); in sim. Isaiah 16:11 (of murmuring sound of bowels = heart, in pity); used also in praising י׳, usually as accompainment of song (cf. I Chronicles 15:16) נֵבֶל וְתֹף וְחָלִיל וְכ׳ I Samuel 10:5; Isaiah 30:32 (‖ תֻּפִּים); especially before the ark II Samuel 6:5 (+ נְבָלִים, תֻּפִּים, etc.) ‖ I Chronicles 13:8, and in sanctuary (usually + נֵבֶל, etc.) I Kings 10:12, but especially Chr ψψ:—I Chronicles 13:8 (pl., and so chiefly in Chr), I Chronicles 15:16, I Chronicles 15:21, I Chronicles 15:28; I Chronicles 16:5; I Chronicles 25:1, I Chronicles 25:3, I Chronicles 25:6 II Chronicles 5:12; II Chronicles 9:11; II Chronicles 20:28; II Chronicles 29:25 Nehemiah 12:27; Psalms 33:2 (sg., and so chiefly in ψψ), Psalms 43:4; Psalms 49:5; Psalms 57:9; Psalms 71:22; Psalms 81:3; Psalms 92:4; Psalms 98:5(×2); Psalms 108:3; Psalms 147:7; Psalms 149:3; Psalms 150:3; cf. כִּנֹּרוֹתֵינוּ Psalms 137:2.—Vbs. used with כ׳ are:—תָּפַשׂ Genesis 4:21, נִגֵּן בְּ I Samuel 16:16, מְשַׂחֵק בְּ II Samuel 6:5 = I Chronicles 13:8, מְשֹׁרֲרִים בּ I Chronicles 15:16, מַשְׁמִיעִים בְּ v I Chronicles 15:28, נִבָּא בְּ I Chronicles 25:1, I Chronicles 25:3, הוֹדָה בְּ Psalms 33:2; Psalms 42:4, זמּר בְּ Psalms 71:22; Psalms 98:5; Psalms 147:7; Psalms 149:3, הַלֲלוּהוּ בְּ Psalms 150:3.—On ancient lyres v. reff. ap. Dr Amos, p. 236 f.
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כִּנֶּ֫רֶת
n.pr.loc. in Galilee (Naphtali), כִּנֶּרֶת Deuteronomy 3:17 Joshua 13:27 Numbers 34:11; כִּנָּ֑רֶת Joshua 19:35; כִּֽנֲֿרוֹת (so Baer; כִּֽנֲֿרוֹת Norzi) Joshua 11:2; Joshua 12:3 I Kings 15:20;—
a city Joshua 19:35 (P; 𝔊 B Κενερεθ, A Χενεροθ, 𝔊L Χενερεθ, as always except Joshua 13:27), so prob. Joshua 11:2 (D?; B Κενερωθ, A Χενερεθθι), Deuteronomy 3:17 (B Μαχαναρεθ;—Μαχ- = מִכּ׳).
יָם־כִּנֶּרֶת, lake near the city, Numbers 34:11 (P; 𝔊B Χεναρα, A Χενερεθ), Joshua 13:27 (P; 𝔊B Χενερεθ; A 𝔊L Χενερωθ), יָם כִּֽנֲֿרוֹת Joshua 12:3 (D; 𝔊B Χενερεθ; A Χεννερεθ); כָּל־כִּֽנֲֿרוֹת I Kings 15:20 = all the territory about the city and lake, cf. πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν Χενερεθ 𝔊L,—𝔗 has גִּינֵסַר, גְּנֵיסַר, גִּנֹּסַר, cf. τὸ ὕδωρ τοῦ Γεννησαρ 1 Makk. 11:67; Γεννησαρετ Mk 6:53 Mt 14:34 Lu 5:1; etymol. connexion with כִּנֶּרֶת disputed by GASmGeogr. 443 n. BuhlGeogr. 113 n.—On the lake and surrounding region v. GASmGeogr. ch. xxi. BdPal. 254 BuhlGeogr. 113 f. 225 FurrerZPV. 1879 (ii.), 52–74 Frei ib. 1886 (ix.), 81–145 van Kasterenib. 1888 (xi.), 212–248.
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כִּסֵּא
n.m. II Samuel 7:16 seat of honour, throne (NH id.; Ph. (pl.) כרסים; Aramaic כּוּרְסְיָא, ܟܽܘܪܣܝܳܐ; Biblical Aramaic כָּרְסֵא, Zinj. כרסא DHMSendsch. 58. 44; Arabic كُرْسِىٌّ; but Assyrian kussu; perhaps Akkad. loan-word; ideogr. iṣ GU. ZA, cf. DlHWB 343);—abs. כִּסֵּא Genesis 41:40 +; כִּסֵּה I Kings 10:19(×2) Job 26:9, הַכִּסֶּא Ezekiel 1:26; cstr. כִּסֵּא II Samuel 3:10 +, כֵּס Exodus 17:16 (si vera l.; v. infr.); sf. כִּסְאִי I Kings 1:13 +, כִּסְאֲךָ II Samuel 7:16 +, כִּסְאֶ֑ךָ I Kings 5:19 +, כִּסְאוֹ Exodus 11:5 +; pl. כִּסְאוֹת Psalms 122:5(×2); sf. כִּסְאוֹתָם Ezekiel 26:16 Isaiah 14:9;—seat of honour, usually
of king = throne Genesis 41:40 (E), Exodus 11:5; Exodus 12:29 (both J) I Kings 2:19 Isaiah 47:1 Ezekiel 26:16; of queen-mother I Kings 2:19; כ׳ מַלְכוּתוֹ Esther 5:1 his royal throne; of future (Messianic) prince Zechariah 6:13 (in v b read על־ימינו 𝔊 StaZAW 1881, 10); of dead kings in Sheʾôl Isaiah 14:9; נָתַן כ׳, in, or against a place, said of king himself, (only Je) is a sign of conquest (Jeremiah 1:15); so שִׂים כ׳ Jeremiah 43:10, and (of י׳) Jeremiah 49:38; in Judges 3:20, though of king, not seat of office; 12 times elsewhere, lit.
throne of י׳ (אלהים) as heavenly king, Isaiah 6:1 Ezekiel 1:26(×2); Ezekiel 10:1 I Kings 22:19 = II Chronicles 18:18; Job 26:9 Psalms 11:4 Isaiah 66:1 heaven is my throne; as seat of judgment Psalms 9:5, Psalms 9:8; in oath יָד עַל־כֵּס יָהּ Exodus 17:16 (cf. Di; > Cler JDMich Ges Buhl SS נֵס banner; 𝔊 κρυφαία √ כסה, favours כס); Jerusalem called throne of י׳ Jeremiah 3:17, so the sanctuary Jeremiah 17:12 (כ׳ כָּבוֹד מָרוֹם), Ezekiel 43:7.
of high priest I Samuel 1:9; I Samuel 4:13, I Samuel 4:18; of honoured guest II Kings 4:10; of governor Nehemiah 3:7; of (unjust) judge כ׳ הַוּוֹת Psalms 94:20; = conspicuous seat (lit.) Proverbs 9:14; = seat of distinction, explicitly כ׳ כָּבוֹד Isaiah 22:23; כ׳ alone II Kings 25:28(×2) = Jeremiah 52:32(×2) Esther 3:1.
fig. = royal dignity, authority, power, הַמֶּלֶךְ וְכִסְאוֹ נָקִי II Samuel 14:9; לְדָוִד וּלְזַרְעוֹ וּלְבֵיתוֹ וּלְכ׳ I Kings 2:33; especially kingdom, c. vbs. of setting up, establishing, י׳ subj., הֵקִים כ׳ דָוִד II Samuel 3:10, וּבָנִיתִי בִסְאֲךָ Psalms 89:5, so c. שִׂים v Psalms 89:30; king subj., סָעַד בַּחֶסֶד כִּסְאוֹ Proverbs 20:28; pass. כ׳ דָוִד יִהְיֶה נכון I Kings 2:45 the throne of David shall be established, cf. II Samuel 7:16 = I Chronicles 17:14; וְתוּכַן בַּחֶסֶד כ׳ Isaiah 16:5 (of Mess. reign); so (in gen.) בִּצְדָקָה יִכּוֹן כ׳ Proverbs 16:12, cf. Proverbs 25:5; Proverbs 29:14; intrans. (c. הָיָה Psalms 89:37; more fully, י׳ subj., וְכֹנַנְתִּי אֶת־כ׳ מַמְלַכְתּוֹ II Samuel 7:13 (כֹּנֵן כסאו in ‖ I Chronicles 17:12), וַהֲקִמֹתִי אֶת־כ׳ מַמְלַכְתְּךָ עַל ־יִשְׂרָאֵל I Kings 9:5, cf. ‖ II Chronicles 7:18 and וַהֲכִינוֹתִי כ׳ מַלְכוּתוֹ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל I Chronicles 22:10; also מגּר כ׳ Psalms 89:45 cast down throne, of Gentile nations וְהָפַכְתִּי כ׳ מַמְלָכוֹת Haggai 2:22; יָשַׁב על־כ׳ sit on the throne of any one (especially David) = be his successor I Kings 1:13, I Kings 1:17, I Kings 1:20, I Kings 1:24, I Kings 1:27, I Kings 1:30, I Kings 1:35, I Kings 1:48; I Kings 2:12; I Kings 3:6 II Kings 13:13, especially Jeremiah 13:13; Jeremiah 17:25; Jeremiah 22:2 + 5 times Je; יֵֽשְׁבוּ לְכ׳ לָ֑ךְ Psalms 132:12; more fully I Chronicles 29:23; †caus. הוֹשִׁיב על־כ׳ I Kings 2:24; I Kings 5:19 II Kings 10:3; חֹשִׁיב לַכּ׳ fig. Job 36:7, of placing in honour; מִפְּרִי בִטְנְךָ אָשִׁית לְכ׳ לָ֑ךְ Psalms 132:11; †ישׁב על־כ׳ also = take one’s seat as king, become actual king, possess royalty I Kings 16:11, often sit on the throne of Isr. I Kings 8:20, I Kings 8:25 = II Chronicles 6:10, II Chronicles 6:16, I Kings 10:9 II Kings 10:30; II Kings 15:12, Jeremiah 33:17; without ישׁב I Kings 2:4; I Kings 9:5, cf. also Isaiah 9:6 (Mess.); ישׁב על־כסא מַמְלַכְתּוֹ Deuteronomy 17:18, על־כסא הַמְּלוּכָה I Kings 1:46, and even לָשֶׁבֶת עַל־כִּסֵּא מַלְכוּת י׳ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל I Chronicles 28:5; also ישׁב עַל־כ׳ הַמְּלָכִים II Kings 11:19, ‖ כ׳ הַמַּמְלָכָה II Chronicles 23:20; of (royal) throne as judgment seat Proverbs 20:8, cf. also Psalms 122:5; set one upon the throne of Isr. נתן פ׳ על־כ׳ ישׂ׳ I Kings 10:9 cf. ‖ II Chronicles 9:8; in compar. sentence יְגַדֵּל אֶת־כִּסְאוֹ מִכּ׳, i.e. make him a more powerful king than, I Kings 1:37, cf. v I Kings 1:47; of king of Babylon, מִמַּעַל לְכוֹכְבֵי־אֵל אָרִים כִּסְאִי Isaiah 14:13. In Psalms 45:7 כִּסְאֲךָ אלהים וגו׳ the text is prob. corrupt: AE Hi Ew Bae read thy throne is (a throne) of God; Bi Che insert נכונה יסודתו הקימו thy throne [its foundation is firmly fixed], God [has established it]; v. further Dr§ 194, Obs..
throne of י׳ (אלהים) = his royal dignity, sovereignty, Lamentations 5:19 Psalms 93:2; Psalms 103:19 (הֵכִין כ׳; ‖ מַלְכוּת); כ׳ כְבוֹדֶ֑ךָ Jeremiah 14:21; יָשַׁב עַל־כ׳ קָדְשׁוֹ Psalms 47:9; צֶדֶק וּמִשְׁפָּט מְכוֹן כִּסְאֶ֑ךָ Psalms 89:15 cf. Psalms 97:2.
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כָּסָה
vb. cover (NH כָּסָה Pi; Aramaic כְּסָא chiefly Pa; ܟܣܳܐ Pa. hide, cover; ܟܣܳܝܳܐ covering, ܬܰܟܣܺܝܬܳܐ garment; Arabic كَسَا (كسو) clothe, كِسَآءٌ garment; Assyrian kusû, cover; kusîtu, garment DlHWB 342)
, only Pt. act. כֹּסֶה;—
conceal shame Proverbs 12:16; knowledge Proverbs 12:23.
pass. (cstr.) כְּסוּי חֲטָאָה Psalms 32:1 covered in respect of sin (by God, which he thus puts out of sight) (‖ נְשׂוּי־פֶּשַׁע).
Pf. 3 fs. נִכְסָ֑תָה, covered, with waves Jeremiah 51:42; Inf. cstr. הִכָּסוֹת Ezekiel 24:8, (blood) not to be covered.
Pf. 3 ms. כִּסָּה Numbers 9:15 + 12 times; sf. כִּסָּהוּ Leviticus 17:13 Numbers 17:7; כִּסָּמוֹ Exodus 15:10; 3 fs. כִּסְּתָה Genesis 38:15 + 5 times; 1 s. כִּסִּיתִי Psalms 32:5 + 3 times; כִּסֵּתִי Ezekiel 31:15 (del. Co); כִּסֵּיתִי Ezekiel 32:7 + 13 times Pf.; Impf. 3 ms. יְכַסֶּה Isaiah 6:2 + 8 times; וַיְכַס Exodus 10:15 + 4 times; sf. יְכַסֶּ֑דָּ Habakkuk 2:17; יְכַסֶּנָּה Ezekiel 30:18; 3 mpl. sf. יְכַסְיֻמוּ Exodus 15:5 + 41 times Impf.; Imv. sf. כַּסּוּנוּ Hosea 10:8; Inf. cstr. כַּסּוֹת Malachi 2:13 + 11 times; כַּסֹּת Numbers 4:15; sf. כַּסֹּתוֹ Exodus 26:13; Pt. מְכַסֶּה Proverbs 10:18 + 12 times; pl. מְכַסִּים Isaiah 11:9; fpl. מְכַסּוֹת Ezekiel 1:11, Ezekiel 1:23(×2);—
cover, clothe Judges 4:19 Ezekiel 16:10 (2 acc.), v Ezekiel 16:18; Jonah 3:6 is appar. reflex., c. acc. of garment (strange; read perhaps וַיִּכָּס); nakedness Genesis 9:23 (J), Exodus 28:42 (P), Ezekiel 16:8 Hosea 2:11; the naked Isaiah 58:7 Ezekiel 18:7, Ezekiel 18:16 (+ acc. rei); the face and legs of seraphim Isaiah 6:2(×2); bodies of cherubim Ezekiel 1:11, Ezekiel 1:23(×2); the face Genesis 38:15 (J), Ezekiel 12:6, Ezekiel 12:12, fig. Job 23:17; earth with the great deep Psalms 104:6; heavens with glory Habakkuk 3:3; with בְּ of the clothing Genesis 38:14 (J), Deuteronomy 22:12, these two appar. reflex., cf. Jonah 3:6 supr.; Judges 4:18 I Kings 1:1; heaven with clouds Psalms 147:8, with glory Ezekiel 32:7.
cover, conceal blood Genesis 37:26 (J), Job 16:18; human ordure Deuteronomy 23:14; mts. conceal men from God Hosea 10:8; cover transgressions Job 31:33 Proverbs 17:9; Proverbs 28:13; iniquity Psalms 32:5; righteousness Psalms 40:11; hatred Proverbs 10:18; a thing Proverbs 11:13; judge’s face so as not to see justice Job 9:24; heads of rulers and seers Isaiah 29:10; with בְּ of covering Leviticus 17:13 (H), I Samuel 19:13; face by fat Job 15:27; sun by a cloud Ezekiel 32:7; with מִן from whom Genesis 18:17 (J), Job 33:17.
cover (with covering of protection), a pit Exodus 21:33 (Covt. code); with cloud of incense, the Kapporeth Leviticus 16:13 (P); coverings of the sacred tent, tabernacle, and their furniture Exodus 26:13 Numbers 4:9, Numbers 4:15 (P); with בְּ of the covering Numbers 4:5, Numbers 4:8, Numbers 4:11, Numbers 4:12 (P); Zion בְּצֵל יָדִי Isaiah 51:16.
cover, spread over, fat, the inwards Exodus 29:13, Exodus 29:22 Leviticus 3:3, Leviticus 3:9, Leviticus 3:14; Leviticus 4:8 (with עַל), Leviticus 7:3 (P); leprosy, the skin and flesh Leviticus 13:12, Leviticus 13:13 (P); the cloud of the theophany, the mount Exodus 24:15, Exodus 24:16 (P), the tent of meeting Exodus 40:34 Numbers 17:7 (P), and the tabernacle Numbers 9:15, Numbers 9:16 (P); altar with tears Malachi 2:13 (2 acc.); Jerusalem with multitude of camels Isaiah 60:6; of handiwork I Kings 7:18, I Kings 7:41, I Kings 7:42 = II Chronicles 4:12, II Chronicles 4:13.
cover, overwhelm, sq. accus., the sea the Egyptians Exodus 14:28 (P), Exodus 15:5, Exodus 15:10 (song), Joshua 24:7 (E), Psalms 78:53; Psalms 106:11; waters Job 22:11; Job 38:34 Psalms 104:9 Jeremiah 46:8 Ezekiel 26:19; locusts the eye of the land Exodus 10:5, Exodus 10:15 (J), also Israel Numbers 22:5, Numbers 22:11 (J); frogs the land Exodus 8:2 (P); quails the camp Exodus 16:13 (P); cloud the land Ezekiel 30:18; Ezekiel 38:9, Ezekiel 38:16; darkness the earth Isaiah 60:2; dust a city Ezekiel 26:10; the depths of the sea by God Job 36:30; with a reference to a person’s shame Psalms 44:16; Psalms 69:8 Jeremiah 51:51 Obadiah 1:10 Micah 7:10; horror Psalms 55:6 Ezekiel 7:18; violence Proverbs 10:6, Proverbs 10:11 Habakkuk 2:17; confusion Jeremiah 3:25; mischief Psalms 140:10; God covers sin Psalms 85:3 (‖ נשׂא עון), cf. Psalms 32:1 (Qal).
sq. על of person or thing covered, cover over: cherubim over the ark II Chronicles 5:8; over the dead, the earth Numbers 16:33 (JE), Psalms 106:17 Isaiah 26:21, worms Job 21:26; dust over blood Ezekiel 24:7; waters over the sea Habakkuk 2:14, cf. לַיָּם Isaiah 11:9; (v. Dr§ 135. 7 Obs.); love covereth over all sins Proverbs 10:12; God covereth over iniquity Nehemiah 3:37; people not to cover over a guilty person Deuteronomy 13:9; + acc. of obj. covering (DaSynt. § 75), fig. covering over the garment with violence Malachi 2:16; God’s hands with light Job 36:32; + בְּ of covering Psalms 44:20.
כִסִּתִי (אֵלֶיךָ) Psalms 143:9 is error for חָסִיתִי according to 𝔊 κατέφυγον SS, but חסה not cstr. wi. אֶל־; חִכִּיתִי Bae; הֶאֱבַלְתִּי כִּסֵּתִי עָלָיו אֶת־תְּהוֹם Ezekiel 31:15 according to Co I caused the deep to mourn for them (del. כסתי).
Pf. 3 mpl. כָּסּוּ Psalms 80:11 Proverbs 24:31; Impf. יְכֻסֶּה Ecclesiastes 6:4; pl. וַיְכֻסּוּ Genesis 7:19, Genesis 7:20; Pt. pl. מְכֻסִּים I Chronicles 21:16; fpl. מְכֻסּוֹת Ezekiel 41:16.
sq. accus. be covered, hills with shadow Psalms 80:11; mountains with water Genesis 7:19, Genesis 7:20 (P); field with nettles Proverbs 24:31; abs., windows of temple Ezekiel 41:16.
sq. בְּ, be clothed, with sackcloth I Chronicles 21:16; name with darkness Ecclesiastes 6:4.
Impf. וַיִּתְכַּס Isaiah 37:1 = II Kings 19:1; 3 fs. תִּכַּסֶּה Proverbs 26:26; וַתִּתְכָּ֑ס Genesis 24:65; pl. יִתְכַּסּוּ Isaiah 59:6 Jonah 3:8; Pt. מִתְכַּסֶּת I Kings 11:29; pl. מִתְכַּסִּים Isaiah 37:2 = II Kings 19:2;—cover, clothe oneself, abs. (of veil) Genesis 24:65 (J); with בְּ, of new garment I Kings 11:29; sackcloth II Kings 19:1, II Kings 19:2 = Isaiah 37:1, Isaiah 37:2; fig. of works Isaiah 59:6, of hatred with guile Proverbs 26:26; with acc. Jonah 3:8 (שַׂקִּים).
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כָּסוּי
n.[m.] covering, only cstr. כְּסוּי עוֹר covering of skins Numbers 4:6, Numbers 4:14 (P).
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כְּסוּת
n.f. coveringכ׳ Genesis 20:16 + 3 times; sf. כְּסוּתְךָ Deuteronomy 22:12 + 3 times sfs.;—
covering, clothing Exodus 21:10; Exodus 22:26 (Covt. code), Deuteronomy 22:12 Job 24:7; Job 31:19; of שַׂק as clothing of heavens Isaiah 50:3 in fig.
covering for concealment, of Abaddon, the subterranean abode of the dead Job 26:6; כ׳ עֵינַיִם, covering of the eyes Genesis 20:16 (so that they cannot see the wrong, fig. of a present offered in compensation for it; E).
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כִּסֵּה
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כָּסוּי²
v. sub I. כסה.
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כָּסַח
vb. cut off or away, a plant (NH id.; Aramaic כְּסַח, ܟܣܰܚ (for Heb. זָמַר); Arabic كَسَحَ sweep off, away, destroy, do away with; cf. Sab. כסח overpower, conquer, HomZMG 1892, 532)—only
Pt. pass., fs. כְּסוּחָה Psalms 80:17, cut away, of Isr. under fig. of vine; mpl. קוֹצִים כְּסוּחים Isaiah 33:12 thorns cut away, fig. of peoples destroyed by divine judgment.
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כֶּ֫סֶל
n.m. 1.loins, 2. stupidity, 3. confidence (NH id. loin; Aramaic כִּסְלָא id.);—
loins כָּ֑סֶל Job 15:27; pl. כְּסָלִים Leviticus 3:4, Leviticus 3:10, Leviticus 3:15; Leviticus 4:9; Leviticus 7:4; sf. כְּסָלַי Psalms 38:8.
stupidity, folly כ׳ Ecclesiastes 7:25 (‖ סִכְלוּת), כֵּסֶל Psalms 49:14.
confidence, sf. כִּסְלִי Job 31:24; כִּסְלֶ֑ךָ Proverbs 3:26; כִּסְלוֹ Job 8:14; כִּסְלָם Psalms 78:7.
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כְּסִיל
n.m. stupid fellow, dullard, fool;—כ׳ Psalms 49:11 + 44 times; pl. כְּסִילִים Psalms 94:8 + 25 times;—‖ בער Psalms 49:11; Psalms 92:7; Psalms 94:8, elsewhere only in WisdLt; he hates knowledge Proverbs 1:22; delights not in understanding Proverbs 18:2; it is his sport to do mischief Proverbs 10:23; his heart proclaimeth אִוֶּלֶת Proverbs 12:23; his mouth poureth it forth Proverbs 15:2, and feedeth on it Proverbs 15:14.
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כְּסִילוּת
n.f. stupidity;—Proverbs 9:13 אֵשֶׁת כ׳, the woman Stupidity, in antithesis with חָכְמוֹת the Supreme Wisdom personified as a woman.
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כְּסִיל²
n.m. Orion (relation to above √ obscure);—Amos 5:8 Job 9:9; also משְׁכוֹת כ׳ תְּפַתֵּחַ Job 38:31 the cords of Orion wilt (canst) thou let out? (appar. some mythological allusion, v. Di Che, to giant bound in skies; cf. Hom Ὠρίωνα δοκεύει, and σθένος Ὠρίωνος); both times associated with the Pleiades; sf. כְּסִילֵיהֶם their Orions Isaiah 13:10, Orion and other constellations of the same brilliancy.
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כְּסִיל³
n.pr.loc. in S of tribe of Judah Joshua 15:30, prob. corrupt for בְּתוּל Joshua 19:4; see בְּתוּאֵל.
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כְּסָלוֹן
n.pr.loc. on border of tribe of Judah = הַר־יְעָרִים Joshua 15:10; = Kesla 10 miles W. Jerus., GuérinJud. ii. 11 ff. Mem.iii.25.26 BuhlG. § 92, p. 166.
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כִּסְלוֹן
n.pr.m. a prince of Benjamin Numbers 34:21.
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כִּסְלֵו
n.pr.[m.] Kislew, ninth month (postex.) = Nov.–Dec., Zechariah 7:1; בְּחֹדֶשׁ כ׳ Nehemiah 1:1 (𝔗 id.; loan-word from Bab. kislimu, kisliva, Muss-ArnJBL 1892, 167; conj. on etym. by JenZA ii, 210, Anm. 3 Hptib. 265, Anm. 2; Palm. כסלול VogNo. 24; Gk. χασελευ 1 Makk 1:54).
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כַּסְלֻחִים
n.pr.gent. Genesis 10:14 (𝔊D Χασμωνιειμ, 𝔊L Χασλωνιειμ, E Χαλοειμ) = I Chronicles 1:12 (A Χασλωνιειμ, 𝔊L Χασλωειμ), among the sons of מִצְרַיִם; not identif.; conject. in Thes Di.
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כֶּ֫סֶף
n.m. Genesis 23:9 silver, money (NH id.; Ph. Zinj. כסף; Aramaic כַּסְפָּא, ܟܶܣܦܳܐ; Palm. כספא VogNo. 23; Assyrian kaspu; prob. the pale metal Thes al., cf. RSJPh. xiv, 125)כ׳ abs. Genesis 20:16 +, כָּ֑סֶף Exodus 21:11 +; cstr. Genesis 43:21 +; sf. כַּסְפִּי Genesis 42:28 + 3 times, כַּסְפְּךָ I Kings 20:3 + 2 times, כַּסְפֶּ֑ךָ Genesis 17:13 Isaiah 30:22, כַּסְפֵּךְ Isaiah 1:22, כַּסְפֵּנוּ Genesis 31:15 + 2 times, כַּסְפָּם Hosea 8:4 + 6 times; pl. sf. כַּסְפֵּיהֶם Genesis 42:25, Genesis 42:35;—silver,
= silver ore, raw silver (rare and mostly late) Job 28:1, also (in fig.) Ezekiel 22:20, Ezekiel 22:22 Zechariah 13:9 Proverbs 2:4; Proverbs 17:3; Proverbs 27:21 Malachi 3:3(×2) Psalms 12:7; Psalms 66:10 Isaiah 48:10; הָגוֹ סִיגים מִכּ׳ Proverbs 25:4 remove dross from silver, cf. כ׳ סִיגִים Proverbs 26:23 and סִגִים כ׳ Ezekiel 22:18 (MT; 𝔊 כ׳ ס׳; Co del. in view of v Ezekiel 22:20); כ׳ נִמְאָס Jeremiah 6:30 (cf. v Jeremiah 6:29), כַּסְפֵּךְ הָיָה לְסִיגִים Isaiah 1:22.
silver as bright, shining, fig. of dove’s wings כַּנְפֵי יוֹנָה נֶחְפָּה בַכֶּ֑סֶף Psalms 68:14.
silver, as wealth, Genesis 13:2 (J) + often (c. 54 times in all; frequently with gold, etc., v. זהב); מְלֹא בֵיתוֹ כ׳ וזהב Numbers 22:18; Numbers 24:13; fig. of a slave as valuable, כַּסְפּוֹ הוּא Exodus 21:21 (all JE); silver as less valuable than gold I Kings 10:21 = II Chronicles 9:20; cf. also I Kings 10:27 = II Chronicles 1:15; II Chronicles 9:27; כ׳ נִבְחָר choice silver, Proverbs 8:19; Proverbs 10:20.
silver as spoil of war (c. זהב, q.v.) Judges 5:19 II Samuel 8:11 = I Chronicles 18:11 + 11 times
silver as merchandise Ezekiel 27:12 Proverbs 3:14 (סְחַר־כ׳), Zephaniah 1:12; cf. also I Kings 10:22 = II Chronicles 9:21.
silver as material (c. 117 times in all; often c. זהב, q.v.), of cup Genesis 44:2 cf. v Genesis 44:8 (J), trumpets Numbers 10:2 (P), כְּלֵי־כ׳ Genesis 24:53 (J) +; of idols Exodus 20:20 Isaiah 2:20 Deuteronomy 29:16 Ezekiel 16:17 Psalms 115:4; Psalms 135:15 + 4 times, cf. Deuteronomy 7:25 Jeremiah 10:4 Habakkuk 2:19; especially of fittings of tabern. Exodus 26, Exodus 27, Exodus 36, Exodus 38 (19 times), and those offered by chiefs of people Numbers 7 (28 times), etc.
silver as measure of weight and value (c. 184 times):—
shekels:—כ׳ שְׁלֹשִׁים שְׁקָלִים Exodus 21:32 (JE), cf. II Samuel 24:24 Leviticus 5:15 Numbers 18:16 (both P), Nehemiah 5:15; also (diff. order) חֲמִשָּׁה שׁקלים כ׳ Leviticus 27:6(×2) (P), cf. Joshua 7:21 (JE), II Kings 15:20, and אַרְבַּע מֵאֹת שֶׁקֶל כ׳ Genesis 23:15, Genesis 23:16, cf. Leviticus 27:3, Leviticus 27:16 (all P), I Samuel 9:8; once שִׁבְעָה שְׁקָלִים וַעֲשָׂרָה הַכּ׳ Jeremiah 32:9.
more often om. שׁקל Genesis 20:16; Genesis 45:22 (E), Genesis 37:28 (J), Hosea 3:2 Song of Songs 8:11 + 17 times
talents:—כִּכַּר (הַ)כּ׳ Exodus 38:27 (P), cf. I Kings 20:39 II Kings 5:22; II Kings 15:19; II Kings 18:14; II Kings 23:33 = II Chronicles 36:3, I Chronicles 19:6 II Chronicles 25:6; II Chronicles 27:5 Esther 3:9; עֶשֶׂר כִּכְּרֵי־כ׳ II Kings 5:5; כִּכְּרַיִם כ׳ I Kings 16:24 II Kings 5:23; כ׳ אלף אלפים ככרים I Chronicles 22:14 cf. I Chronicles 29:7 Ezra 8:26.
minas:—כ׳ מָנִים חֲמֵשֶׁת אֲלָפִים Ezra 2:69 cf. Nehemiah 7:69, Nehemiah 7:70.
more often = money, measure of value and exchange (c. 112 times; not necess. coined) Genesis 31:15 Genesis 42:25, Genesis 42:27 (E), Genesis 43:12(×2), Genesis 43:15, Genesis 43:18 (J), Genesis 23:13 Leviticus 27:18 Numbers 3:48 (P), Judges 16:18 I Kings 21:2 II Kings 12:5 etc.; so Psalms 68:31 Che, but see De Grill Bae, and Checrit. n.; מִקְנַת כ׳ one bought for money Genesis 17:12, Genesis 17:13, Genesis 17:23, Genesis 17:27 Exodus 12:44 (all P); כ׳ מִקְנָתוֹ Leviticus 25:51 (H) money for which he was bought; כ׳ מָלֵא full price Genesis 23:9 (P) I Chronicles 21:22, I Chronicles 21:24; כַּסְפֵּנוּ בְּמִשְׁקָלוֹ Genesis 43:21 i.e. our money in full; כ׳ מִמְכָּרוֹ Leviticus 25:50 the price of his sale; כ׳ אָשָׁם II Kings 12:17 trespass-money, כ׳ חַטָּאוֹת v II Kings 12:17 sin-money, כ׳ הַכִּפֻּרִים Exodus 30:16 atonement-money, כ׳ הַפִּדְיוֹן Numbers 3:49 redemption-money (both P); כ׳ עֶרְכְּךָ Leviticus 27:15, Leviticus 27:19 i.e. estimated value, etc.
among vbs. and phr. with כ׳ are:—צרף try, refine, Zechariah 13:9 Isaiah 48:10 Malachi 3:3 Psalms 12:7; Psalms 66:10; זִקַּק Malachi 3:3, (cf. הִתּוּךְ Ezekiel 22:22, √ נתך, see v Ezekiel 22:20, Ezekiel 22:21); יפּה beautify בכ׳ Jeremiah 10:4; תָּפוּשׂ כ׳ Habakkuk 2:19 encased with gold and silver; שָׁקַל את־הַכּ׳ לְ weigh out the silver to or for a person Jeremiah 32:9 Genesis 23:16 (P) Ezra 8:25, without לְ Jeremiah 32:10, cf. Exodus 22:16 (E), I Kings 20:39; שׁקל כ׳ ב׳ Isaiah 55:2 = spend money for; לֹא יִשָּׁקֵל כ׳ מְחִירָהּ Job 28:15; וַיִּשְׁקְלוּ אֶת־שְׂבָרִי שׁלשׁים כ׳ Zechariah 11:12; כ׳ בַּקָּנֶה ישׁקלו Isaiah 46:6, of weighing material for idol; מָכַר בכ׳ sell for money Amos 2:6 Genesis 37:28 (J), Deuteronomy 21:14; נָתַן בכ׳ Deuteronomy 2:28 I Kings 21:6, I Kings 21:15 Genesis 23:9 (P), I Chronicles 21:22; also, of food, הִשְׁבִּיר ב׳ Deuteronomy 2:28; נתן כ׳ השׂדה Genesis 23:13 (P) pay the price of the field; קָנָה בְכ׳ buy something for money Amos 8:6 Jeremiah 32:25, Jeremiah 32:44 Isaiah 43:24 I Chronicles 21:24, cf. קָנָה נֶפֶשׁ קִנְיַן כ׳ Leviticus 22:11 (H); שׁבר בכ׳ Deuteronomy 2:6 Isaiah 55:1; כרה בכ׳ Deuteronomy 2:6; peculiar is its use with פָּדָה, redeem (q.v.) in Numbers 18:16; לקח כ׳ receive money II Kings 5:26; II Kings 12:8, II Kings 12:9; לָוָה כ׳ Nehemiah 5:4 borrow money; הִלְוָה Exodus 22:24 (JE) lend money to (c. 2 acc.); נתן כ׳ בְּנֶשֶׁךְ give money on usury Leviticus 25:37 (H), Psalms 15:5; cf. לֹא תַשִּׁיךְ לְאָחִיךָ נֶשֶׁךְ כ׳ Deuteronomy 23:20.
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כָּעַס
vb. be vexed, angry (NH כָּעַס, Aramaic כְּעַס (not Syriac));—
Pf. כ׳ Psalms 112:10 Ecclesiastes 5:16; Impf. וַיִּכְעַס Nehemiah 3:33 II Chronicles 16:10; 1 s. אֶכְעַס Ezekiel 16:42; Inf. לִכְעוֹס Ecclesiastes 7:9.—
Pf. 3 fs. sf. כִּעֲסַתָּה I Samuel 1:6; 3 mpl. sf. כִּעֲסוּנִי Deuteronomy 32:21 angered (בְּהַבְלֵיהֶם).
Pf. הִכְעִיס Hosea 12:15 I Kings 15:30; sf. הִכְעִיסוֹ II Kings 23:26 + 4 times Pf.; הַכְעִסֵו֯נִי Jeremiah 25:7; (scribal error for תַּכְעִיסוּני according to SS); Impf. וַיַּכְעֵס I Kings 22:54 II Chronicles 28:25; 3 fs. sf. תַּכְעִיסֶנָּה I Samuel 1:7 + 6 times Impf.; Inf. cstr. הַכְעִיס I Kings 16:13 + 5 times; sf. הַכְעִ(י)סֵנִי Jeremiah 7:18 + 11 times, + 6 times sfs.; Pt. pl. מַכְעִיסִים Jeremiah 7:19 + 4 times—
vex, c. acc. pers. I Samuel 1:7 Ezekiel 32:9.
vex, provoke to anger, especially of provoking Yahweh by worship of other gods Judges 2:12 I Kings 14:9, I Kings 14:15; I Kings 16:33; I Kings 22:54 II Kings 17:11; II Kings 23:19 II Chronicles 28:25 Nehemiah 3:37 Jeremiah 7:18, Jeremiah 7:19; Jeremiah 11:17; Jeremiah 32:29, Jeremiah 32:32; Jeremiah 44:3 Ezekiel 8:17; Ezekiel 16:26 Isaiah 65:3 Hosea 12:15; c. בּ instr. בְּתוֹעֵבֹת Deuteronomy 32:16; בְּגוֹי נָבָל Deuteronomy 32:21 I Kings 16:13, I Kings 16:26; בחטאתם I Kings 16:2; במעשׂ(י) יד(יו) Deuteronomy 31:29 I Kings 16:7 Jeremiah 25:6, Jeremiah 25:7; Jeremiah 32:30; Jeremiah 44:8; בכל מעשׂ(ה) ידיהם II Kings 22:17 = II Chronicles 34:25; בבמות Psalms 78:58; בפסיליהם Jeremiah 8:19; במעלליהם Psalms 106:29; cf. the phrases עשׂה הרע(ה) בעיני י׳ להכעיס(ו) do the evil in the eyes of Yahweh to provoke (him) to anger Deuteronomy 4:25; Deuteronomy 9:18; Deuteronomy 31:29 I Kings 16:7 II Kings 17:17; II Kings 21:6 = II Chronicles 33:6; so מכעסים II Kings 21:15 Jeremiah 32:30; כעס(ים) אשׁר הכעיס I Kings 15:30; I Kings 21:22 II Kings 23:26.—The phrase is characteristic of D Je and the compiler of Kings; see DrIntr. 191; Deuteronomy 4:25 HolzEinl. Hex. 287.
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כַּ֫עַס
n.m. vexation, anger;—כ׳ Deuteronomy 32:27 + 13 times; כָּ֑עַס Proverbs 21:19 Ecclesiastes 1:18; sf. כַּעְסִי I Samuel 1:16 כַּעַסְךָ Psalms 85:5, כַּעְסוֹ Proverbs 12:16 I Kings 15:30; pl. כְּעָסִים II Kings 23:26.—vexation:
vexation, anger of Yahweh (caused especially by worship of other gods) I Kings 15:30; I Kings 21:22 II Kings 23:26; כ׳ עִמָּנוּ Psalms 85:5 anger (of Yahweh) with us; כ׳ בָּנָיו Deuteronomy 32:19 anger against his sons, כ׳ אוֹיֵב v Deuteronomy 32:27 anger against the enemy (both obj. gen. see Di; RV provocation of, cf. Dr); כ׳ קָרְבָּנָם Ezekiel 20:28 provocation of their offering (so RV but Co del., rightly).
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כַּ֫עַשׂ
n.m. (dialectic variation of כַּעַס, only in Jb);—כ׳ Job 17:7, כָּ֑עָשׂ Job 5:2; sf. כַּעְשִׂי Job 6:2; כַּעַשְׂךָ Job 10:17;—
vexation, anger, of God; c. כַּעַשְׂךָ עִמָּדִי Job 10:17 thine anger with me.
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כַּף
v. sub כפף.
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כִּפָּה
v. sub כפף.
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כָּפַף
vb. bend, bend down, be bent, bowed (NH bend, overturn, Assyrian kapâpu, bend, bow, DlHWB 347; Arabic كَفَّ fell a seam, also turn back, avert, كُفَّةٌ selvage, كِفَافٌ circuit, rim; Aramaic כְּפַף, ܟܰܦ bend, curve; Palm. כפתא niche, from כפף curve according to VogNo. 70, p. 50);—
Pf. כ׳ נַפְשִׁי Psalms 57:7 my soul is bowed down; Inf. cstr. (trans.) לָכֹף כְּאַגְמֹן רֹאשׁוֹ Isaiah 58:5 to bend down, like a rush, his head. Pt. pass. (הַ)כְּפוּפִים those bowed down, in distress, humiliation, etc., Psalms 145:14; Psalms 146:8.
Impf. 1 s. אִכַּף לֵאלֹהֵי מָרוֹם Micah 6:6 with what shall I bow myself (in worship) toward the high God?
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כַּף²
n.f. I Kings 8:54 hollow, or flat of the hand, palm, sole of foot, pan (NH id.; Aramaic id., ܟܰܦܳܐ; Assyrian kappu, hand, pan, kippatu, hollow; Arabic كَفٌّ palm, hand)—abs. כ׳ Job 29:9 +, so read prob. also Ezekiel 29:7 for MT כָּתֵף (𝔊 𝔖 Sm Co, cf. v a); כָּ֑ף II Kings 11:12 +; more often cstr. כַּף Genesis 40:11 +; sf. כַּפִּי Judges 12:3, כַּפְּךָ Job 13:21, etc.; in Ezekiel 29:7 read כַּף Qr for כפך Kt (so Ew Hi Sm Co Da); du. כַּפַּיִם Isaiah 49:16 +; cstr. כַּפֵּי Exodus 29:24(×2) + 3 times; sf. כַּפַּי Genesis 20:5 +, כַּפָּיו Numbers 24:10 +, כַּפֵּיהֶם Isaiah 59:6 + 2 times, כַּפֵּימוֹ Job 27:23, etc.; pl. כַּפּוֹת (especially of soles, and in metaph. senses) abs. Numbers 4:7 +; cstr. II Kings 9:35 +, sf. כַּפֹתָיו Exodus 25:29; Exodus 37:16;—
of human beings, hollow or flat of hand, palm, (c. 116 times) II Kings 4:34(×2); נָתַן אֵת הַכּום עַל־כַּף פ׳ Genesis 40:11, Genesis 40:21 (E), set the cup upon the palm of Pharaoh (cf. v Genesis 40:11 וְכוֹס פַּרְעֹה בְּיָדִי), similarly Leviticus 8:27(×2) (P) +; הַשֶּׁמֶן אֲשֶׁר עַל־כַּפּוֹ Leviticus 14:16, Leviticus 14:17, Leviticus 14:18, Leviticus 14:27, Leviticus 14:28; as disting. from wrist and arm, Deuteronomy 25:12; rarely c. ידים (always כַּכּוֹת), שְׁתֵּי כַּפּוֹת ידיו I Samuel 5:4 (of Dagon), כ׳ הַיָּדַיִם II Kings 9:35, cf. Daniel 10:10; כַּף הַשְּׂמָאלִית Leviticus 14:15, Leviticus 14:26; note especially מְלֹא כ׳ קֶמַח I Kings 17:12 a handful of meal (lit. palmful), cf. Ecclesiastes 4:6 (where disting. from מלא חָפְנַיִם a double fistful; in both these passages of a very small quantity); cf. וַיְמַלֵּא כַּפּוֹ מִן Leviticus 9:17 (ref. to מְלֹא קֻמְצוֹ Leviticus 2:2; Leviticus 5:12 cf. Leviticus 6:8). In Exodus 4:4 (JE), Proverbs 31:19 Ezekiel 21:16 Psalms 129:7, etc., the thought is that of grasping.
anthropomorph. of י׳, covering Moses over with his palm, וְשַׂכֹּתִי כַפִּי עָלֶיךָ Exodus 33:22 (J), and so fig. (c. שׁית) Psalms 139:5; withdrawing (הֵסִיר) his hand Exodus 33:23 (J); removing (הִרְחִיק) his afflicting hand Job 13:21; עַל־כַּפַּיִם כִּסָּה אוֹר Job 36:22, i.e. he (God) hath filled his palms with light.
once of animals, הוֹלֵךְ עַל־כַּפָּיו Leviticus 11:27 going upon their palms, i.e. paws (cats, dogs, etc.).
phrases are:—†(1) הִכָּה כַּף = clap the hands, in applause II Kings 11:12 so תָּקַע כ׳ Psalms 47:2, מָחָא כ׳ Isaiah 55:12 (fig. of trees), Psalms 98:8 (fig. of rivers); but especially in scorn, contempt, etc., סָפַק אֶת־כַּפָּיו Numbers 24:10 (J), יִשְׂפֹּק עָלֵימוֹ כַפֵּ֑ימוֹ Job 27:23; so תָּקַע כַּף על־ Nahum 3:19, הִכָּה כַפִּי אֶל־ Ezekiel 22:13 (of י׳); abs., הִכָּה בְכַפְּךָ Ezekiel 6:11 (as מחא יד Ezekiel 25:6), הִכָּה כַּף אֶל־כַּף Ezekiel 21:19, אַכֶּה כַפִּי אֶל־כַּפִּי v Ezekiel 21:22 (of י׳). †(2) תָּפַשׂ בַּכַּף grasp, seize with the hand Ezekiel 29:7 cf. v Ezekiel 29:7 (on text v. supr.) †(Ezekiel 29:3) of hand-grasp as pledge, תָּקַעְתָּ לַזָּר כַּפֶּיךָ Proverbs 6:1 (if) thou hast smitten thy palms (given a double hand-grassp), for another (so De; ‖ עָרַבְתָּ לְרֵעֶ֑ךָ); so abs. תקע כף Proverbs 17:18; Proverbs 22:26 (cf. תקע ליד Job 17:3). (4) often of hand spread out in prayer, as sign of longing to receive, c. פָּרַשׂ אֶל־ Exodus 9:29, Exodus 9:33 (J), I Kings 8:38 = II Chronicles 6:29, etc. (v. יר Psalms 143:6 Lamentations 1:17 and יָר 1 d, supr. p. 389; also פרשׂ, נשׂא, שׁטח). †(5) שׂים כַּף לְפֶה, in respectful silence, Job 29:9. †(6) fig. וָאָשִׂימָה נַפְשִׁי בְכַפִּי Judges 12:3 = I have taken my life in my hand (i.e. hazard ed it), so I Samuel 19:5; I Samuel 28:21; Job 13:14 and (without vb.) Psalms 119:109. †(7) נִקְיֹן כ׳ Genesis 20:5 cleanness of palms is fig. for purity of act, cf. Psalms 26:6, also Job 9:30; Job 22:30; Psalms 24:4; Psalms 73:13; conversely, (לֹא)חָמָם בְּכַפָּ֑י Job 16:17; I Chronicles 12:18; Isaiah 59:6; Jonah 3:8, cf. Isaiah 59:3 (so ידים Isaiah 1:15), Job 31:7 Psalms 7:4.—In many cases כַּף is not to be distinguished from יָד; so in phr. †יְגִיעַ כ׳ toil of the hands Genesis 31:42; Haggai 1:11; Job 10:3; Psalms 128:2; פֹּעַל כ׳ Psalms 9:17, חֵפֶץ כ׳ Proverbs 31:13; תְּבוּנוֹת כ׳ Psalms 78:72, פְּרִי כ׳ Proverbs 31:16 †; cf. Micah 7:3.
= power (i.e. grasp) of any one, נתן בכף Judges 6:13 = deliver into the power of, so Jeremiah 12:7, cf. בּוֹא בכף Proverbs 6:3; usually הוֹשִׁיעַ, פָּדָה, הִצִּיל etc., c. מִכַּף = out of the power of Judges 6:14 I Samuel 4:3 II Samuel 14:16; II Samuel 19:10(×2); II Samuel 22:1(×2) = II Samuel 18:1 (title), II Kings 16:7(×2); II Kings 20:6 = Isaiah 38:6, Micah 4:10 Jeremiah 15:21 II Chronicles 30:6; II Chronicles 32:11 Ezra 8:31 Psalms 71:4 (cf. יָד 5 g, p. 391 supr.)
כַּף רַגְלָהּ, etc., = sole of foot, Genesis 8:9 (J), Joshua 3:13; Joshua 4:18 (both JE), I Kings 5:17 II Kings 19:24 = Isaiah 37:25, Deuteronomy 11:24; Deuteronomy 28:56, Deuteronomy 28:65 Joshua 1:3 (D), Ezekiel 43:7 Malachi 3:21; מִכַּף רַגְלוֹ וְעַד קָדְקֳדוֹ II Samuel 14:25 Job 2:7, cf. Isaiah 1:6 (fig.); מִדְרַךְ כ׳ ר׳ Deuteronomy 2:5 treading-place for the sole of a foot; of the cherubim Ezekiel 1:7, of a calf, (in sim.) v Ezekiel 1:7, (according to MT; cf. however Co).
of various hollow, bending or bend objects:—
hollow (i.e. socket), of the thigh-joint, כ׳ יָרֵךְ Genesis 32:26(×2), Genesis 32:33(×2) (J).
hollow of sling, I Samuel 25:29.
כַּפּוֹת תְּמָרִים Leviticus 23:40 = of huge hand-shaped branches (or fronds) of palm-trees.
כַּפּוֹת הַמַּנְעוּל Song of Songs 5:5 the (bent) handles of the bolt.
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כִּפָּה²
n.f. branch, frond (prob. of palm-tree, cf. כַּף 4 d);—כ׳ Isaiah 9:13; Isaiah 19:15 fig. of nobles, rulers (both opp. אַגְמוֹן rush, i.e. high and low; ‖ רֹאשׁ וְזָנָב); c. sf. כִּפָּתוֹ Job 15:32 (of wicked under fig. of palm-tree).
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כפר
(of foll.; orig. meaning dub., but perhaps cover, cf. Arabic كَفَرَ cover, hide; > RS who thinks of Aramaic כְּפַר, ܟܦܰܪ Pa. wash away, rub off, whence כֹּפֶר, כִּפֶּר of washing away, obliteration of sin: on orig. meaning cf. now DrHastDB Propitiation; also Assyrian kuppuru, purify (and deriv. takpirtu) ZimKAT 3, 601. MorgensternSin in Bab. Rel. (MVG, 1905, 3) 44, 122. NH כִּפֶּר, Aramaic כַּפֵּר and deriv.; Arabic كَفَّارَةٌ an expiation (see RSOTJC 1. 438; 2. 381 Kn on Leviticus 4:20 RiBegr. der Sühne WeComp 335 f. SmAT Rel. Gesch. 321 NowArch. ii, 192 Dr Dt 425 SchmollerSt. Kr. 1891, 205 ff. LagBN 230 ff.)).
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כֹּפֶר
n.m. the price of a life, a ransom (ποινή, wergeld);—כ׳ Exodus 21:30 + 10 times; sf. כָּפְרְךָ Isaiah 43:3; כָּפְרוֹ Psalms 49:8;—
a price for ransom of a life Job 33:24; Job 36:18; כ׳ עַל Exodus 21:30 (Covt. code; ‖ פִּדְיֹן נַפְשׁוֹ); כ׳ נפשׁ Proverbs 13:8; כ׳ לְ ransom for Proverbs 6:35; Proverbs 21:18; Numbers 35:31, Numbers 35:32 (P); כָּפְרוֹ his ransom Psalms 49:8 (‖ פדה); כָּפְרְךָ thy ransom Isaiah 43:3 (‖ תַּחְתֶּיךָ); כֹּ֫פֶר alone I Samuel 12:3 Amos 5:12.
in the ritual of P כ׳ נַפְשׁוֹ Exodus 30:12 is a half shekel of the sanctuary paid by each male above twenty years at the census in order that there might be no plague upon them. It was offered to Yahweh, לְכַפֵּר על to atone for them.
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כִּפֻּרִים
n.pl.abstr. atonement, only in P: הַטַּאת הַכּ׳ sin-offering of the atonement Exodus 30:10; Numbers 29:11; יוֹם (ה)כ׳ day of (the) atonement Leviticus 23:27, Leviticus 23:28; Leviticus 25:9; אֵיל הַכּ׳ Numbers 5:8; עַל־הַכּ׳ Exodus 29:36; כֶּסֶף הכ׳ Exodus 30:16 money of atonement.
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כַּפֹּרֶת
n. propitiatory, late techn. word from כּפר cover over sin: the older explan. cover, lid has no justification in usage; 𝔊 ἱλαστήριον; only P: Exodus 25:17, Exodus 25:18, Exodus 25:19, Exodus 25:20(×2), Exodus 25:21, Exodus 25:22; Exodus 26:34; Exodus 30:6; Exodus 31:7; Exodus 35:12; Exodus 37:6, Exodus 37:7, Exodus 37:8, Exodus 37:9(×2); Exodus 39:35; Exodus 40:20 Leviticus 16:2(×2), Leviticus 16:13, Leviticus 16:14(×2), Leviticus 16:15(×2) Numbers 7:89, and I Chronicles 28:11; it was a slab of gold 2 ½ cubits × 1 ½ c. placed on top of the ark of the testimony. On it, and a part of it, were two golden cherubim facing each other, whose outstretched wings came together above and constituted the throne of Yahweh. When the high priest entered the Holy of Holies on the day of atonement it was necessary that this highest place of atonement should be enveloped in a cloud of incense. The blood of the sin-offering of the atonement was then sprinkled on the face of and seven times before it. The temple proper, as distinguished from porch etc., was called בֵּית הַכּ׳ I Chronicles 28:11.
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כפר²
(√ of following).
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כֹּ֫פֶר
n.m. pitch (Arabic كُفْرٌ (loan-wd., cf. Frä150), Syriac ܟܽܘܦܪܳܐ, 𝔗 כּוּפְרָא; Assyrian kupru, kupur DlHWB 348; cf. גֹּפֶר?)Genesis 6:14 (P).
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כָּפַר
vb.denom. (from ii. כֹּפֶר)—Pf. 2 ms. וְכָֽפַרְתָּ֫ בַּכֹּפֶר Genesis 6:14 and thou shalt pitch it with pitch (P).
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כפר³
(√ of following).
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כְּפִיר
n.m. young lion;—כ׳ Judges 14:5 + 16 times; pl. כְּפִרִים Jeremiah 2:15 + 3 times; כְּפִירִים Zechariah 11:3 + 7 times; sf. כְּפִירַיִךְ Nahum 2:14; כְּפִירֶיהָ Ezekiel 38:13 (Co reads כנעניה);—lit. כ׳ אֲרָיוֹת Judges 14:5 young lion of lions; Amos 3:4 Psalms 17:12. It differs from whelp גּוּר Ezekiel 19:2, Ezekiel 19:3 as old enough to hunt its prey, Jeremiah 25:38; Isaiah 11:6; Zechariah 11:3; Psalms 104:21; in sim. of roar of hostile army Isaiah 5:29 (‖ לָבִיא) cf. Jeremiah 51:38 (‖ גּוֹרֵי אריות); sim. of י׳’s invincible might Isaiah 31:4 (‖ אַרְיֵה); of Isr. among the nations, Micah 5:7; of Assyrian princes Nahum 2:12; of prince of Isr. Ezekiel 19:5, Ezekiel 19:6; other cases are: ‖ לָבִיא Job 38:39; ‖ שַׁחַל Hosea 5:14 Psalms 91:13 Job 4:10; of bloodthirsty enemies Psalms 34:11; Psalms 35:17; Psalms 58:7 Jeremiah 2:15; כ׳ גוים Ezekiel 32:2, of young warriors Nahum 2:14; Ezekiel 38:13 (?; v. Co supr.); righteous compared with, Proverbs 28:1; king’s wrath like roaring of, Proverbs 19:12; Proverbs 20:2; of one of faces of cherubim Ezekiel 41:19.
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כֹּפֶר²
n.[m.] village;—only sg. cstr. כֹּפֶר הַפְּרָזִי I Samuel 6:18 villages of the peasantry.
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כְּפִירָה
n.pr.loc. city of the Hivites subsequently assigned to Benjamin., Joshua 9:17; Joshua 18:26 Ezra 2:25 = Nehemiah 7:28; 𝔊 Κεφειρα, etc.; = mod. Kefîreh RobBR iii, 146 GuérinJud. i. 283 ff. Mem.iii. 36 BuhlG. § 94, p. 169.
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כְּפִירִים
Nehemiah 6:2, prob. = foregoing (𝔊 al. n. appell. = villages).
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כפר⁴
(√ of foll., = dig? cf. Sab. כפר, vb. dig, n. cave, DHM Anzeiger d. Wiener Ak., phil.-hist. Cl., Dec. 17, 1884, quoted by EutNab 27; Nö ib. comp. also Ethiopic ከፈር basket, measure; Nab. כפר cave, sepulchre, synon. of קברא Nö in EutNab ib.)
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כְּפוֹר
n.m. bowl (NH id.; 𝔗 כְּפוֹרָא)bowl of gold or silver, used in the temple (late), כ׳ I Chronicles 28:17(×4); pl. cstr. כְּפוֹרֵי I Chronicles 28:17(×2) Ezra 1:10(×2); Ezra 8:27.
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כְּפוֹר²
n.m. hoar frost (NH id.)כ׳ Psalms 147:16; כְּפֹר Exodus 16:14 (P), Job 38:29.
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כַּפְתּוֹר
n.m. 1. capital, 2. knob, bulb (2. perhaps earlier meaning; HoffmZAW iii. (1883), 124, comp. Syriac ܟܡܬܪܐ pear (LöwNo. 153), from shape);—
כַּפְתּוֹר Amos 9:1 capital of pillar; so pl. sf. כַּפְתֹּרֶיהָ Zephaniah 2:14.
כַּפְתֹּר, knob or bulb, ornament on the golden lamp-stand in tabernacle; 𝔊 σφαιρωτήρ, Jos Archaeology iii. 6, 7 ῥοΐσκος, small pomegranate; 𝔙 sphaerula:—Exodus 25:33(×2), Exodus 25:35(×3) = Exodus 37:19(×2), Exodus 37:21(×3); sf. כַּפְתֹּרֶיהָ Exodus 25:31, Exodus 25:34 = Exodus 37:17, Exodus 37:20, כַּפְתֹּרֵיהֶם Exodus 25:36 = Exodus 37:22 (all P).
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כַּפְתּוֹר²
n.pr.terr prob. Crete, so Ew Kiep Di Gn 10:14 Gie Je 47:4 al.; cf. A. J. Evans Cretan Pictographs (1895), 100 ff.; (> 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 𝔗 Cappadocia, certainly wrong; Mich Cyprus; EbÄgM 127 ff. al. the coast of the Nile-Delta; WMMAs. Eu. 387 f. Philistines, originally pirates from SW. coast of Asia Minor, and the Ægean islands);—כַּפְתּוֹר Amos 9:7 (orig. home of Philistines), כַּפְתֹּר Deuteronomy 2:23 (home of Caphtorim, v. infr.); שְׁאֵרִית אִי כַּפְתֹּר Jeremiah 47:4 the rest of the coast-land of Caphtor.—Vid. also כְּרֵתִי infr.
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כַּר
basket-saddle, v. sub כור.
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כַּר²
n.m. Psalms 65:14 pasture (√ dub.; Thes der. from כַּר lamb (= lamb-pasturage); SchwallyZAW x. (1890) 186 from כרה, and comp. Assyrian kirû [which however = nursery of trees, grove DlHWB 353], Arabic كُرٌّ cistern; HomNS 100 from כרר q.v., orig. = round enclosure);—sg. only כַּר נִרְחָ֑ב Isaiah 30:23 a roomy pasture; pl. כָּרִים Psalms 37:20, לָֽבְשׁוּ כ׳ הַצֹּאן 65:14 the pastures are clothed with the sheep (> Schwally l.c. who tr. lambs Psalms 37:20 after Aq 𝔖 𝔗, and 65:14, and underst. Isaiah 30:23 of a def. pl.).—iii. כַּר lamb v. sub כרר.
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כֹּר
n.[m.] kōr, a measure (usually dry), = חֹמֶר (Ezekiel 45:14 cf. v Ezekiel 45:11) (NH כּוֹר, Aramaic כּוֹרָא, ܟܽܘܪܳܐ; hence, as loan-words, Gk. κόρος, Arabic كُرٌّ Frä 207; √ dub.; כרה, LagOr. ii. 30, cf. Id. BN 40, 156; כרר, Nö ZMG 1886, xl. 734; DlProl. 113 comp. Assyrian kâru, and der. from כור (but see now kâru DlHWB 349));—כ׳ סֹלֶת I Kings 5:2; כ׳ קָ֑מַח v I Kings 5:2; of חִטִּים v I Kings 5:25 a; pl. כֹּרִים of ח׳ and שְׂעֹרִים II Chronicles 2:9(×2); II Chronicles 27:5; הַכֹּר as liquid measure (of oil) Ezekiel 45:14. See further BenzArch. 183 ff. NowArch. i. 203, and, on capacity, v. iii. חֹמֶר p. 330 f. supr.; in I Kings 5:25 read בַּת שֶׁמֶן for MT כֹּר שׁ׳ (cf. 𝔊 and II Chronicles 2:9).
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כָּרָה
vb. dig (NH id.; Aramaic כְּרָא, Ethiopic ከረየ Arabic كَرَا (c. و and especially ى, Dozy ii. 461); Syriac ܟܪܳܐ is be short, cut off (i.e. rounded off ?), Arabic كُرَةٌ ball; 𝔗 כְּרֵי heap Dalm Gr 109; Syriac ܟܰܪܝܳܐ, Mish. כרי id.; Assyrian karê, large vessels for holding corn, etc., DlHWB 353, cf. kirû (dub.) Wkl Tel Am. Vocab.; Ba ZMG 1887, 615 conjectures be round as orig. √ meaning, and comp. Arabic كَرِيَتِ السَّاقُ the leg is round);—
Pf. 3 ms. כָּרָה II Chronicles 16:14 Psalms 7:16; 2 ms. כָּרִיתָ Psalms 40:7; 1 s. כָּרִיתִי Genesis 50:5; 3 pl. כָּרוּ Jeremiah 18:20 + 3 times; sf. כָּרוּהָ Numbers 21:18; Impf. 3 ms. יִכְרֶה Exodus 21:33; 3 mpl. וַיִּכְרוּ Genesis 26:25; Pt. כֹּרֶה Proverbs 16:27; Proverbs 26:27;—dig a grave, קֶבֶר Genesis 50:5 (J), cf. II Chronicles 16:14; a well, בְּאֵר Genesis 26:25 (J), Numbers 21:18 (song in JE); a pit, בּוֹר Exodus 21:33; fig. of plotting against others Psalms 7:16; so sq. שׁוּחָה Jeremiah 18:20, Jeremiah 18:22, sq. שִׁיחָה Psalms 57:7; Psalms 119:85; sq. שַׁחַת Proverbs 26:27; hence כֹּרֶה רָעָה Proverbs 16:27 one digging a calamity; אָזְנַיִם כ׳ לִי Psalms 40:7 ears hast thou dug (with allusion to the cavity of the ear) for me, thou hast given me the means of hearing and obeying thy will.—On Psalms 22:17 v. II. כּוּר.
Impf. 3 ms. עַד יִכָּרֶה שַׁחַת Psalms 94:13 until the pit be digged for the wicked, fig. of judgment.
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כָּרָה²
n.f. cistern (or well), only pl. cstr. in נְוֹת כְּרֹת רֹעִים Zephaniah 2:6 pastures of (= with) wells of shepherds, but text dub.; כ׳ a gloss according to Kö ii. 176, (§ 94 a) Anm.; 𝔊 κρήτη; We (והיתה כרת נות רעים, as 𝔊) kereth = Philistia; v. further כְּרֵתִי; Böhme ZAW vii. 1887, 212 views כְּרֹת, plausibly, as erron. variant of preceding נְוֹת, so Schwally ib. x. 1890, 185, 186; Rothstein in KauAT.
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כָּרָה³
vb. get by trade, trade (NH כִּירָה act of buying, purchase (so ‘in den Küstenländern,’) LevyNWB ii. 323 f.); Arabic كَرَى let for hire);—only
Impf. 1 s. sf. וָאֶכְּרֶהָ Hosea 3:2 (d. f. dirim., si vera l. punctat., Ges§ 20. 2, b; but cf. We); 3 mpl. יִכְרוּ Job 40:30; 2 mpl. תִּכְרוּ Deuteronomy 2:6 Job 6:27;—get by trade, buy, c. acc. Hosea 3:2 Deuteronomy 2:6; sq. עַל־ trade in, make trade of Job 6:27; Job 40:30.
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כָּרָה⁴
vb. give a feast (lit. perhaps bring (guests), invite; cf. Assyrian karû, bring, kirêtu, feast, kireti iškun, he gave a feast, DlHWB 352);— only
Impf. c. acc. cogn., וַיִּכְרֶה לָהֶם כֵּרָה גְדוֹלָה II Kings 6:23 and he gave a great feast for them (the context requires this sense, but text dubious, Nö ZMG 1886, 724, cf. Klo).
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כֵּרָה
n.f. a feast, II Kings 6:23 (v. foregoing).
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כְּרוּב
n.pr.loc. in Babylonia Ezra 2:59; Nehemiah 7:60.
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כְּרוּב²
n.m. cherub;—כ׳ Exodus 25:19 + 26 times; pl. כְּרוּבִים Psalms 99:1 + 33 times; כְּרֻבִים Exodus 25:18 + 29 times; (NH id.; Aramaic כְּרוּבָא, ܟܪܽܘܒܳܐ; √ dub.; Assyrian karâbu = be gracious to, bless DlHWB 350, but adj. karûbu is great, mighty, Id. ib. 352; on poss. connex. with כְּרוּב cf. Dl in Baer Ezech. xiii.; Assyrian kirubu = šêdu (name of winged bull in Assyrian; v. LenOrigines i. 118, Eng. Tr. 126 DlPar 154) has not been verified, cf. v. F.ZA i. 68 f. Budge Expos. Apr. May, 1885 Teloni ZA vi. 124 ff.; the older view, connecting כ׳ with γρύψ, and deriving from Pers. giriften, griffen, lacks evidence and probability.—Possibly the thunder-cloud underlies the conception);—
the living chariot of the theophanic God; possibly identified with the storm-wind Psalms 18:11 = II Samuel 22:11 וַיִּרְכַּב עַל־כְּרוּב and he rode upon a cherub (‖ flew swiftly on the wings of the wind).
as the guards of the garden of Eden Genesis 3:24 (J).
as the throne of Yahweh Sabaoth, in phrase י׳ (צְבָאוֹת) יֹשֵׁב הַכְּרוּבִים Yahweh Sabaoth throned on the cherubim I Samuel 4:4; II Samuel 6:2 = I Chronicles 13:6; the context shews that the cherubim of the ark of the covenant are referred to, and it is probable that the same reference is in II Kings 19:15 = Isaiah 37:16, Psalms 80:2; Psalms 99:1.
P gives an account of:
two cherubim of solid gold upon the slab of gold of the כַּפֹּרֶת facing each other with wings outstretched above, so as to constitute a basis or throne on which the glory of Yahweh appeared, and from whence He spake Exodus 25:18-22; Exodus 37:7-9; Numbers 7:89;
numerous cherubim woven into the texture of the inner curtains of the tabernacle and the veils Exodus 26:1, Exodus 26:31; Exodus 36:8, Exodus 36:35.
K and Ch describe the cherubim of the temple:
two gigantic images of olive wood plated with gold, ten cubits high, standing in the דְּבִיר facing the door, whose wings, five cubits each, extended, two of them meeting in the middle of the room to constitute the throne, two of them extending to the walls I Kings 6:23-28; I Kings 8:6-7 II Chronicles 3:10-13; II Chronicles 5:7-8; Ch (doubtless influenced by Ez) represents them as the chariot of Yahweh I Chronicles 28:18;
images of cherubim were carved on the gold plated cedar planks which constituted the inner walls of the temple, and upon the olive wood doors I Kings 6:29-35; II Chronicles 3:7; and on the bases of the portable lavers, interchanging with lions and oxen I Kings 7:29-36; Ch also represents that they were woven in the veil of the דְּבִיר II Chronicles 3:14.
Ezekiel describes the cherubim:
as four living creatures, each with four faces, lion, ox, eagle, and man, having the figure and hands of men, and the feet of calves. Each has four wings, two of which are stretched upward, meeting above and sustaining the throne of Yahweh; two of them stretched downwards so as to cover the creatures themselves. The cherubim never turn but go straight forward, as do the wheels of the cherubic chariot, and they are full of eyes and are like burning coals of fire, Ezekiel 1:5-28; Ezekiel 9:3; Ezekiel 10:1-20; Ezekiel 11:22; the king of Tyre is scornfully compared with one of these, and is assigned a residence in Eden and the mountain of God Ezekiel 28:14, Ezekiel 28:16;
Ez knows of no cherubic statues in the new temple, but represents the inner walls of the temple as carved with alternating palm trees and cherubim, each with two faces, the lion looking on one side, the man on the other. It is evident that the number and the form of the cherubim vary in the representations (cf. Ezekiel 41:18-25). It is probable that the שְׂרָפִים of Isaiah 6:2-6 are another form of the cherubim. The Apoc. of the seals Rev 4–6 combines them in four ζῷα.
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כְּרִית
n.pr.loc. and כְּרִיתוּת v. sub כרת.
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כַּרְכֹּב
n.[m.] border, rim, of altar (NH id.);—cstr. כ׳ הַמִּזְבֵּחַ Exodus 27:5; c. sf. כַּרְכֻּבּוֹ Exodus 38:4 (both P).
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כֶּרֶם
n.m. Deuteronomy 28:30 (f. Isaiah 27, Isaiah 2) vineyard (NH id.; Aramaic כַּרְמָא, ܟܰܪܡܳܐ; Zinj. כרם DHMSendsch. 58; Arabic كَرْمٌ, كَرْمَةٌ vine; Ethiopic ክርም: ከርም: vine; Jen ZA vii. (1892), 217 comp. Assyrian karânu, vine;—etym. dub.; Thes al. comp. Arabic كَرُمَ noble, generous, fertile, but precarious);—abs. כ׳ Exodus 22:4 +, כָּ֑רֶם Genesis 9:20 +; cstr. כֶּ֫רֶם I Kings 21:7 +; sf. כַּרְמִי Isaiah 5:3 +, כַּרְמְךָ Exodus 23:11 +, etc.; pl. כְּרָמִים Joshua 24:13 +; cstr. כַּרְמֵי Amos 5:1 + 2 times; sf. כְּרָמֵנוּ Nehemiah 5:3 + 3 times; כַּרְמֵיכֶם Amos 4:9 + 2 times, etc.;—vineyard Genesis 9:20 (J), I Kings 21:1 + 9 times I Kings 21, Song of Songs 2:15(×2) +; so even Judges 15:5 (where read כ׳ וזית; cf. GFM, who however doubts genuineness); + זַיִת Exodus 23:11 (E) and often (v. זית); + שָׂדֶה Exodus 22:4, Exodus 22:5 (E), and often; fig. of Isr. under י׳’s care Isaiah 5:1, cf. Isaiah 3:14 Jeremiah 12:10; fig. of Shulamite’s complexion Song of Songs 1:6, of her heart Song of Songs 8:12.—Vbs. governing כ׳ are:—נָטַע Genesis 9:20 Amos 5:11 + 16 times, cf. מַטָּעֵי כ׳ Micah 1:6; זָרַע Deuteronomy 22:9 (c. 2 acc.); חִלֵּל = begin to use fruit of, Deuteronomy 20:6(×2); Deuteronomy 28:30 Jeremiah 31:5; זָמַר prune, Leviticus 25:3, Leviticus 25:4; בָּצַר gather, harvest (lit. cut off, i.e. grapes, Leviticus 25:5, Leviticus 25:11), Deuteronomy 24:21; Judges 9:27, cf. לִקֵּשׁ Job 24:6; עוֹלֵל glean, Leviticus 19:10; Deuteronomy 24:21; אָכַל Joshua 24:13 (usually ‘eat fruit of’ Isaiah 65:21, etc.); locusts devour Amos 4:9 (si vera l.) On n.pr.loc. אָבֵל כְּרָמִים v. ii. אָבֵל 4; בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם v. p. 111 b.
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כַּרְמִי
n.pr.m.
a Judaite Joshua 7:1, Joshua 7:18 I Chronicles 2:7; so I Chronicles 4:1, but read perhaps כְּלֻבַי We (cf. I Chronicles 2:9)—𝔊 throughout χαρμ(ε)ι.
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כַּרְמִי²
adj.gent. of i. כַּרְמִי 1; only c. art. הַכּ׳, as subst. Numbers 26:6.
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כַּרְמֶל
n.m. Isaiah 29:17 1. plantation, garden-land. 2. fruit, garden-growth (ל + כֶּרֶם, cf. Ges§ 85, 52 Sta§ 299);—abs. כ׳ Isaiah 16:10 + 12 times; sf. כַּרְמִלּוֹ Isaiah 10:18 + 2 times;—
garden-land, Isaiah 16:10 (‖ כְּרָמִים), Isaiah 10:18 (‖ יַעַר), Isaiah 29:17(×2) (opp. לְבָנוֹן, יַעַר), Isaiah 32:15(×2) (opp. מִדְבָּר, יַעַר), v Isaiah 32:16 Jeremiah 4:26 (opp. מִדְבָּר), Jeremiah 48:33 II Chronicles 26:10 (opp. הֶהָרִים); אֶרֶץ הַכּ׳ Jeremiah 2:7 the country of garden-land, i.e. fertile; יַעַר כַּרְמִלּוֹ II Kings 19:23 = Isaiah 37:24, the garden-like forest of it (viz. of Lebanon). On Micah 7:14 v. ii. כַּרְמֶל.
by meton. (fresh) fruit, garden-growth, II Kings 4:42 (+ לֶחֶם שְׂעוֹרִים); Leviticus 2:14 (+ אָבִיב קָלוּי בָּאֵשׁ, and גֶּרֶשׂ, q.v.), לֶחֶם וְקָלִי וכי Leviticus 23:14.
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כַּרְמֶל²
n.pr.mont. et urb. Carmel:—
mt.-promontory on Mediterranean, with fertile slopes, Tel el-Amarna (Ginti-)Kirmil, Jastrow JBL xi. 1892, 115; Joshua 19:26, הַר־הַכּ׳ I Kings 18:19, I Kings 18:20 II Kings 2:25; II Kings 4:25; רֹאשׁ הַכּ׳ Amos 1:2; Amos 9:3; I Kings 18:42; c. art. also Joshua 12:22; and, + בָּשָׁן, Jeremiah 50:19, as pasturage (in fig. of Isr. as flock of י׳), cf. (כ׳ without art.) Micah 7:14 (less prob. rend. garden-land, i. כַּרְמֶל, so We GASm); הַכּ׳ Isaiah 35:2 (+ הַלְּבָנוֹן, הַשָּׁרוֹן); כ׳ Isaiah 33:9 (+ לְבָנוֹן, הַשָּׁרוֹן and בָּשָׁן, marking extent of land), Nahum 1:4 (+ לְבָנוֹן, בָּשָׁן); כְּכַרְמֶל בַּיָּם Jeremiah 46:18 (sim. of Nebuchad.); Song of Songs 7:6 רֹאשֵׁךְ עָלַיִךְ כַּכּ׳ (but v. כַּרְמִיל);—on Carmel v. GASmG. 337 ff. BuhlG. 23.
city, 3 h. S. of Hebron, כַּרְמֶל Joshua 15:55; בַּכּ׳ I Samuel 25:2(×2), I Samuel 25:7; כַּרְמֶ֫לָה v I Samuel 25:5 (= to Carmel); הַכַּרְמֶ֫לָה I Samuel 15:12; I Samuel 25:40.—Mod. Kurmul, RobBR i. 492–498, ii. 97 BuhlG. 163.
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כָּרַע
bow down (NH id.; Aramaic כְּרַע; Arabic كَرَعَ put one’s mouth into water, or water-vessel; i.e. kneel to drink? denom. from foll.?);—Qal Pf. 3 m. כ׳ Genesis 49:6 + 6 times; 3 mpl. כָּֽרְעוּ Judges 7:6 + 4 times; Impf. יִכְרַע Judges 7:5 + 3 times; 1 s. וָאֶכְרְעָה Ezra 9:5; 3 mpl. יִכְרְעוּן Job 31:10; 2 mpl. תִּכְרָ֑עוּ Isaiah 65:12; 1 pl. וְנִכְרָ֑עָה Psalms 95:6 + 6 times Impf.; Inf. cstr. כְּרֹעַ I Kings 8:54; Pt. כֹּרֵעַ Esther 3:5; pl. כֹּרְעִים Esther 3:2; f. כֹּרְעוֹת Job 4:4.—
bow על ברכים to drink Judges 7:5, Judges 7:6, in supplication to Elijah II Kings 1:13; in the worship of God I Kings 8:54; Ezra 9:5; c. ברכים subj. and ל of God I Kings 19:18; Isaiah 45:23; without ברכים c. לִפְנֵי Psalms 22:30; Psalms 72:9; ‖ השׁתחוה II Chronicles 7:3; II Chronicles 29:29 Psalms 95:6, worship of God, but Esther 3:2(×2), Esther 3:5 in obeisance to Haman.
bow down, of the couching lion Genesis 49:9; Numbers 24:9 (both poetry).
preg. c. על, bow down over (in order to lie with) a woman Job 31:10.
bow down, of a woman in childbirth I Samuel 4:19, so of animals Job 39:3; idols, removed by enemies Isaiah 46:1, Isaiah 46:2; בִּרְכַּיִם כֹּרְעוֹת Job 4:4 tottering (feeble) knees; of enemies in death, כרע [ו]נפל bow and fall down Judges 5:27(×3) Psalms 20:9, preg. without נפל II Kings 9:24; Isaiah 65:12, c. תַּחַת Isaiah 10:4.—
Pf. 3 ms. הִכְרִיעַ Psalms 78:31; 2 fs. sf. הִכְרַעְתִּנִי Judges 11:35; Impf. 2 ms. תַּכְרִיעַ II Samuel 22:40 = Psalms 18:40; Imv. sf. הַכְרִיעֵהוּ Psalms 17:13; Inf. abs. הַכְרֵעַ Judges 11:35.—
cause to bow in grief Judges 11:35(×2).
cause to bow down in death Psalms 17:13; Psalms 78:31, c. תַּחַת II Samuel 22:40 = Psalms 18:40.
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כַּרְפַּס
n.m. cotton (or fine linen (loan-word from Sk. karpâsa, cotton, Pers. كَرْپَاس fine linen; hence also κάρπασος, carbasus, Arabic كِرْبَاسٌ, Talm כַּרְפְּסָא; cf. LagArm. Stud. § 1148);—חוּר כ׳ וּתְכֵלֶת Esther 1:6 (𝔊 καρπασίνοις): cf. CelsHierob. ii. 157 ff.
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כַּר³
n.[m.] he-lamb, battering-ram (Assyrian kirru, Zim in Schwally ZAW x. (1890), 186; perhaps lamb from dancing, skipping, gallopping in field; (battering-)ram as in Eng., from butting; cf. Arabic كَبْشٌ ram and buttress, Lane; also battering-ram cf. Dozy ii. 440);—sg. only Isaiah 16:1 the lamb of the ruler (as tribute); elsewhere pl. כָּרִים Amos 6:4 I Samuel 15:9; II Kings 3:4; Jeremiah 51:40 (in sim.), Ezekiel 27:21; Ezekiel 39:18; חֵלֶב כ׳ Deuteronomy 32:14 the fat of lambs; דַּם כ׳ וְעַתּוּדִים Isaiah 34:6 the blood of lambs and goats; כָּרִים = battering-rams Ezekiel 4:2; Ezekiel 21:27(×2) (in v a Co reads שָׂרִים, cf. AV; MT RV as above).—Vid. also בֵּית כָּ֑ר p. 111 supr.
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כִּכָּר²
n.f. Genesis 13:10; Exodus 29:23; a round: hence 1. a round district. 2. a round loaf. 3. a round weight, talent (NH id.; loaf, weight, talent; Aramaic כַּכְּרָא, ܟܰܟܪܳܐ, talent; Tel Am. gaggaru kaspu Wkl No. 35, Rev. 14 Christ.-Pal.-Aramaic ܟܪܟܪܝܬܐ, of honey-comb SchwallyIdiot. 46; on format. v. Ba NB 204);—abs. כ׳ Genesis 13:12 +; cstr. כִּכַּר I Samuel 2:36 +; du. כִּכְּרַיִם כֶּסֶף I Kings 16:24; II Kings 5:23, כִּכָּרָ֑יִם v II Kings 5:23; pl. כִּכָּרִים I Chronicles 22:14(×2) + 7 times Chr; cstr. כִּכְּרֵי II Kings 5:5 + 2 times Chr; כִּכְּרוֹת (loaves) Judges 8:5 I Samuel 10:3;—
the round (or oval) especially of the Jordan valley, כִּכַּר הַיַּרְדֵּן Genesis 13:10, Genesis 13:11; I Kings 7:46 = II Chronicles 4:17; abs. הַכִּכָּר Genesis 19:17, Genesis 19:25; Deuteronomy 34:3; II Samuel 18:23; אֶרֶץ הַכּ׳ Genesis 19:28; עָרֵי הַכּ׳ Genesis 13:12; Genesis 19:29, v. GASmG. 505 BuhlG. 112; district of Jerus., הַכּ׳ Nehemiah 3:22, Nehemiah 12:28.
loaf of bread (from round shape), כִּכַּר לָ֑חֶם I Samuel 2:36; Proverbs 6:26, cf. Exodus 29:23; Jeremiah 37:21 I Chronicles 16:3; כִּכְּרוֹת לֶחֶם I Samuel 10:3; Judges 8:5.
a weight (also from shape), כִּכַּר עֹפֶרֶת Zechariah 5:7 a weight of lead, serving as cover of an ephah.
a particular unit of weight, talent, usually of gold or silver:—כ׳ זָהָב II Samuel 12:30; I Kings 9:14 + 18 times; כ׳ כֶּסֶף I Kings 20:39; II Kings 5:5 + 21 times; but also of iron, בַּרְוֶל I Chronicles 29:7, and bronze נְחשֶׁת Exodus 38:29 I Chronicles 29:7.—The weight of the talent was 58.944 kilogr. (= 129.97 lbs.) according to older (Bab.) standard, later Genesis 49:11 kg. (= 108.29 lbs.) and less; v. BenzArch. 187 ff. 194 NowArch. i. 208 f..—See also שֶׁקֶל.
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כַּרְשְׁנָא
n.pr.m. a Pers. prince Esther 1:14.
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כָּרַת
vb. cut off, cut down (NH id.; Assyrian karâtu, ii. hew off Dl HWB 357);—
Pf. כ׳ Genesis 15:18 + 19 times; 2 ms. כָּרָ֑תָּ Deuteronomy 20:20; 1 s. כָּרַתִּי Exodus 34:27 + 15 times; + 8 times Pf.; Impf. יִכְרֹת Job 40:28 + 21 times; 2 ms. תִּכְרָת־ Isaiah 57:8; 1 s. אֶכְרוֹת Isaiah 61:8; I Samuel 11:2; אֶכְרְתָה Isaiah 55:3; 3 mpl. יִכְרֹ֑תוּ Hosea 12:2 Psalms 83:6; 1 pl. נִכְרְתָה Genesis 26:28; Genesis 31:44; sf. נִכְרְתֶנּוּ Jeremiah 11:19; + 31 times Impf.; Imv. כְּרָת־ I Samuel 11:1; כָּרְתָה II Samuel 3:12; + 4 times Imv.; Inf. abs. כָּרֹת Hosea 10:4; כָּרוֹת Nehemiah 9:8; cstr. כְּרֹת Jeremiah 34:8 + 2 times; כְּרָת־ Isaiah 44:14 + 2 times; כְּרוֹת II Chronicles 2:7; II Chronicles 29:10; sf. כָּרְתִי I Samuel 24:12; Pt. act. כֹּרֵת Exodus 34:10 + 3 times; + 3 times Pt. act.; pass. כָּרוּת Leviticus 22:24; cstr. כְּרוּת Deuteronomy 23:2; pl. כְּרֻת[וֹ]ת I Kings 7:12 + 3 times;—
cut off:
things: c. acc. foreskin Exodus 4:25 (J); privy member Leviticus 22:24 (H) Deuteronomy 23:2; cluster of grapes Numbers 13:23, Numbers 13:24 (E); bough of tree Judges 9:48, Judges 9:49; skirt I Samuel 24:5, I Samuel 24:6, I Samuel 24:12; head of man I Samuel 17:51; I Samuel 31:9 II Samuel 20:22; garments II Samuel 10:4 = I Chronicles 19:4; palms of hands I Samuel 5:4; sprigs Isaiah 18:5.
persons, c. acc. pers. מִן loc. Jeremiah 11:19; Jeremiah 50:16.
hew, timber I Kings 5:20(×2) = II Chronicles 2:7, II Chronicles 2:15, Isaiah 14:8; כֹּרְתֵי הָעֵצִים hewers of timber II Chronicles 2:9; כְּרֻת(וֹ)ת hewn beams I Kings 6:36; I Kings 7:2, I Kings 7:12.
כ׳ בְּרִית cut, or make a covenant (because of the cutting up and distribution of the flesh of the victim for eating in the sacrifice of the covenants, see בְּרִית); הָעֵגֶל אֲשֶׁר כ׳ the calf which they cut Jeremiah 34:18 (referring to Genesis 15:10); עֲלֵי־זֶבַח Psalms 50:5; abs. Genesis 21:27, Genesis 21:32; Genesis 31:44 (E) I Samuel 18:3; I Kings 5:26; Hosea 10:4; c. אֶת with Genesis 15:18; Exodus 34:27; Deuteronomy 31:16 (J) Deuteronomy 5:3 Deuteronomy 28:69(×2); Deuteronomy 29:13 II Samuel 3:12, II Samuel 3:13, II Samuel 3:21; II Kings 17:15, II Kings 17:35, II Kings 17:38; Isaiah 28:15; Jeremiah 11:10; Jeremiah 31:31, Jeremiah 31:32, Jeremiah 31:33; Jeremiah 34:8, Jeremiah 34:13; Ezekiel 17:13; Zechariah 11:10 Psalms 105:9 = I Chronicles 16:16; c. עִם Genesis 26:28 (J) Exodus 24:8 (E) Deuteronomy 4:23; Deuteronomy 5:2; Deuteronomy 9:9; Deuteronomy 29:11, Deuteronomy 29:24; I Kings 8:21 = II Chronicles 6:11; II Chronicles 23:3 Nehemiah 9:8; Hosea 2:20; Hosea 12:2; Job 40:28; בְּ׳ omitted I Samuel 20:16; I Samuel 22:8; I Kings 8:9 = II Chronicles 5:10; c. לְ Exodus 23:32; Exodus 34:12, Exodus 34:15; Joshua 9:6, Joshua 9:7, Joshua 9:11, Joshua 9:15, Joshua 9:16; Joshua 24:25 (JE) Deuteronomy 7:2; Judges 2:2; I Samuel 11:1; II Samuel 5:3; I Kings 20:34 II Kings 11:4; I Chronicles 11:3; II Chronicles 21:7; II Chronicles 29:10; Ezra 10:3; Isaiah 55:3; Isaiah 61:8; Jeremiah 32:40; Jeremiah 34:18; Ezekiel 34:25; Ezekiel 37:26; Job 31:1 Psalms 89:4; בְּ׳ omitted I Samuel 11:2; II Chronicles 7:18; נֶגֶד Exodus 34:10 (J); לִפְנֵי I Samuel 23:18; II Kings 23:3 = II Chronicles 34:31 Jeremiah 34:15; בֵּין וּבֵין II Kings 11:17; II Chronicles 23:16; c. עַל against, Psalms 83:6; אֲמָנָה is used for ברית Nehemiah 10:1; and דָּבָר Haggai 2:5.
וַתִּכְרָת־לָךְ מֵהֶם Isaiah 57:8 is usually rendered as RV made for thee a covenant with them, with ellipsis of בּ׳ as above. But מִן is not used in such a construction. The clause is commonly regarded as corrupt by recent critics. Gr emends עִמָּהֶם for מֵהֶם, this is easiest and gives the usual construction; Du, followed by Buhl, reads וַתִּכְרִי after Hosea 3:2.
Pf. 3 ms. נכרת Joel 1:5 + 5 times; נִכְרָ֑ת Joel 1:16 + 2 times; 3 fs. נִכְרְתָה Genesis 17:14 + 16 times; נִכְרָ֑תָה Psalms 37:38; 2 ms. נִכְרַתָּ Obadiah 1:10; + 8 times Pf.; Impf. יִכָּרֵת Genesis 9:11 + 21 times; יִכָּֽרֶת־ Obadiah 1:9; 3 mpl. יִכָּֽרְתוּ Zechariah 13:8; יִכָּרֵת֑וּן Joshua 3:13 Psalms 37:9; + 9 times Impf.; Inf. הִכָּרֵת Numbers 15:31 Psalms 37:34.—
be cut off:
of things, froward tongue Proverbs 10:31; burden from a nail Isaiah 22:25; chariots Zechariah 9:10; dwelling Zephaniah 3:7.
of persons, the people of the land by a famine (בְּ) Genesis 41:36 (E); all flesh by waters of deluge (מִמֵּי) Genesis 9:11 (P); the anointed Daniel 9:26; enemies Isaiah 11:13; Micah 5:8; the wicked Isaiah 29:20; Hosea 8:4; Nahum 2:1 Psalms 37:9, Psalms 37:22, Psalms 37:28, Psalms 37:34, Psalms 37:38; Proverbs 2:22; others Obadiah 1:9, Obadiah 1:10 Zephaniah 1:11; Zechariah 13:8; Zechariah 14:2.
in the technical phrases of H and P וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ ההיא that person shall be cut off (by death penalty) מֵעַמֶּיהָ Genesis 17:14 Leviticus 7:20, Leviticus 7:21, Leviticus 7:25, Leviticus 7:27; Numbers 9:13; Leviticus 19:8; מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל Exodus 12:15; Numbers 19:13; מֵעֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל Exodus 12:19; מִקֶּרֶב עַמֶּיהָ Exodus 31:14; Numbers 15:30 (עַמָּהּ); מִלְּפָנַי Leviticus 22:3; מִתּוֹךְ הַקָּהָל Numbers 19:20; similarly with variation of subject Exodus 30:33, Exodus 30:38; Leviticus 17:4, Leviticus 17:9; Leviticus 18:29; Leviticus 20:18; Leviticus 23:29, and with omission of word with מִן Leviticus 17:14; Leviticus 20:17; Numbers 15:31(×2).
be cut down, a tree Job 14:7.
be chewed between the teeth Numbers 11:33 (J).
be cut off, in a more general sense, fail: of waters Joshua 3:13, Joshua 3:16 (JE) Joshua 4:7(×2) (D); new wine Joel 1:5; meat v Joel 1:16; hope Proverbs 23:18; Proverbs 24:14; a name Isaiah 48:19; Isaiah 56:5; Ruth 4:10; a sign Isaiah 55:13; faithfulness Jeremiah 7:28; לֹא יִכָּרֵת לְ׳ אִישׁ there shall not fail thee a man I Kings 2:4; I Kings 8:25 = II Chronicles 6:16; I Kings 9:5 = II Chronicles 7:18; Jeremiah 33:17; Jeremiah 33:18; Jeremiah 35:19; לא יכרת מן there shall not fail of Joshua 9:23 (J) II Samuel 3:29.
Pf. כָּרַּת Ezekiel 16:4; 3 fs. כֹּרָ֑תָה Judges 6:28;—
be cut off, navel string Ezekiel 16:4.
be cut down, Asherah Judges 6:28.
Pf. הִכְרִית I Samuel 28:9; I Kings 11:16; 3 fs. הִכְרִיתָה Leviticus 26:22; 1 s. הִכְרַתִּי Joshua 23:4 + 32 times; + 4 times Pf.; Impf. יַכְרִית Deuteronomy 12:29 + 2 times; juss. יַכְרֵת Psalms 12:4 + 4 times; 1 s. וָֽאַכְרִ֫תָה II Samuel 7:9; 1 pl. sf. וְנַכְרִיתֶנָּה Jeremiah 48:2; + 9 times Impf.; Inf. הַכְרִית Jeremiah 44:8 + 15 times; הַכְרִת I Samuel 20:15; + sf. 2 times—
cut off, flattering lips Psalms 12:4.
cut off, destroy the life of:
animals c. acc., cattle Leviticus 26:22 (H); c. acc. and מִן frogs Exodus 8:5 (J); horses Micah 5:9; Zechariah 9:10.
of men abs. Psalms 109:13, by men, c. acc. enemies Judges 4:24; I Samuel 24:22; I Kings 11:16; I Kings 14:14; I Kings 18:4; II Chronicles 22:7; Isaiah 10:7; Ezekiel 17:17 Obadiah 1:14; c. acc. and מִן enemies Joshua 11:21; Jeremiah 48:2; the wicked Psalms 101:8; a clan Numbers 4:18 (P); young men by death Jeremiah 9:20; people by the sword Nahum 3:15; necromancers I Samuel 28:9; the name Joshua 7:9.
of men, by God c. acc. (הַ)גּוֹיִם Deuteronomy 19:1; Joshua 23:4 (D) Zephaniah 3:6; various persons and things Isaiah 48:9; Jeremiah 44:11; Jeremiah 51:62 Ezekiel 25:16; Ezekiel 30:15; Zechariah 9:6; c. acc. and מִן Ezekiel 25:7 Amos 1:5, Amos 1:8; Amos 2:3; מֵאֶרֶץ Nahum 2:14 Psalms 34:17 = Psalms 109:15; מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל Isaiah 9:13; מִיַּד Micah 5:11; מִפָּנֶיךָ Deuteronomy 12:29; II Samuel 7:9 = I Chronicles 17:8; מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה I Samuel 20:15; I Kings 9:7; Zephaniah 1:3; מִקֶּרֶב עַמּוֹ Leviticus 17:10; Leviticus 20:3, Leviticus 20:5, Leviticus 20:6 (H); מִתּוֹךְ עַמִּי Ezekiel 14:8; Ez says also הכ׳ מִןאָדָם וּבְהֵמָה Ezekiel 14:13, Ezekiel 14:17, Ezekiel 14:19, Ezekiel 14:21; Ezekiel 25:13; Ezekiel 29:8; צדיק ורשׁע Ezekiel 21:8, Ezekiel 21:9; עבר ושׁב Ezekiel 35:7; c. acc. and לְ, cut off, to, or from Isaiah 14:22; Jeremiah 44:7, Jeremiah 44:8; Jeremiah 47:4; כ׳ לְ׳ מַשְׁתִּין בְּקִיר I Kings 14:10; I Kings 21:21; II Kings 9:8; כ׳ ל׳ מעם מזבח I Samuel 2:33; יַכְרֵת י׳ לָאִישׁ מֵאָֽהֳלֵי יַעֲקֹב Malachi 2:12 may Yahweh cut off to the man—from the tents of Jacob.
cut down, destroy, cities Micah 5:10, sun-pillars Leviticus 26:30 (H); and other things used in idolatry Nahum 1:14; Zephaniah 1:4; מן הארץ Zechariah 13:2; מִקֶּרֶב Micah 5:12.
take away, חֶסֶד מֵעִם kindness from I Samuel 20:15.
permit to perish, מֵהַבְּהֵמָה (some) of the cattle I Kings 18:5.
Pf. הָכְרַת מִנְחָה וָנֶסֶךְ מִבֵּית י׳ Joel 1:9.
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כְּרִיתוּת
n.f. divorcement;—כ׳ Isaiah 50:1; כְּרִיתֻת Deuteronomy 24:1, Deuteronomy 24:3; pl. sf. כְּרִיתֻתֶיהָ Jeremiah 3:8; סֵפֶר כ׳ writing (i.e. deed) of divorcement, Deuteronomy 24:1, Deuteronomy 24:3; Isaiah 50:1; Jeremiah 3:8.
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כְּרִית²
n.pr. the brook where Elijah was hidden I Kings 17:3, I Kings 17:5, identif. dub.; acc. RobBR ii. p. 288 Wady el-Kelt, near Jericho; acc. Buhl Handw. 12 Wady ʿAjlun, E. of Jordan, yet v. BuhlG. 121.
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כֶּשֶׂב כִּשְׂבָּה
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כֶּ֫שֶׂד
n.pr.m. son of Nahor according to Genesis 22:22 (J; perhaps orig. personif., or assumed ancestor, of following, v. Di DlPar 201).
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כַּשְׂדִּים
n.pr.gent. et terr. Kasdim = Chaldeans, Chaldea, 𝔊 Χαλδαῖοι and (Jeremiah 50:10) ἡ Χαλδαία (Assyrian (mat) Kaldu, Kaldû; from earlier (Bab.) form [Kašdu]—š before dental becoming l, DlPar 128 f. 200 f.; Assyrian Gr. § 51, 3; Schr KGF 94 ff.; COT on Genesis 11:28);—
Chaldeans:
people dwelling on lower Euphrates and Tigris; in n.pr.loc. אוּר כ׳ Genesis 11:28 (J), v Genesis 11:31 (P), Genesis 15:7 (J), Nehemiah 9:7.
Chaldeans as learned class, skilled in interpretations Daniel 2:2 (+ חַרְטֻמִּים, אַשָּׁפִים, מְכַשְּׁפִים), v Daniel 2:4.
Chaldea, וְהָֽיְתָה כַּשְׂדִּים לְשָׁלָל Jeremiah 50:10 and Chaldea shall be despoiled; יוֹשְׁבֵי כ׳ Jeremiah 51:24, Jeremiah 51:35; כַּשְׂדִּים אֶרֶץ מוֹלַדְתָּם Ezekiel 23:15; c. ה loc.; כַּשְׂדִּ֫ימָה Ezekiel 11:24; Ezekiel 16:29; Ezekiel 23:16.
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כָּשָׂה
vb. be sated, gorged with food (cf. Arabic كَشِىَٔ be filled with food; Assyrian kissatum, sustenance, provender, food, Zehnpf BAS i, 503);—only
Pf. 2 ms. שָׁמַנְתָּ עָבִיתָ כָּשִׂיתָ Deuteronomy 32:15 thou grewest fat, becamest thick, wast gorged! fig. of Isr. as fat beast (cf. Dr).
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כָּשַׁל
vb. stumble, stagger, totter (NH id.; Syriac [ܟܫܰܠ] give offence (occasion for stumbling), σκανδαλίζω, (chiefly Ethpe. Aph.), v. PS Brock Schwally; Arabic كَسِلَ is be heavy, sluggish);—
Pf. כ׳ Nehemiah 4:4 +, (Hosea 5:5 read יִכָּשֵׁל, cf. We), כָּֽשְׁלָה Isaiah 3:8; Isaiah 59:14; כָּֽשְׁלוּ Jeremiah 46:6 +, כָּשַׁלְנוּ Isaiah 59:10, etc.; Impf. 3 mpl. יכשׁ֑ולו Proverbs 4:16 Kt (but read Hiph., q.v., so Qr); יכשׁלו Nahum 3:3 Kt (but read Pf. וְכָֽשְׁלוּ, so Qr); Inf. abs. כָּשׁוֹל Isaiah 40:30 (c. Niph. Impf.); Pt. act. כּוֹשֵׁל Isaiah 5:27 + 2 times, כֹּשֵׁל II Chronicles 28:15 Psalms 105:37; fpl. כֹּשְׁלוֹת Isaiah 35:3;—
stumble at, over, something, c. ב (lit. by means of), Nahum 3:3, גִּבּוֹר בְּגִבּוֹר כ׳ Jeremiah 46:12 (+ נָפַל), cf. Leviticus 26:37; וּנְעָרִים בָּעֵץ כ׳ Lamentations 5:13 i.e. stagger (of toil in captivity); abs. Isaiah 5:27 (‖ עָיֵף), כָּֽשְׁלוּ וְנָפָ֑לוּ Jeremiah 46:6, cf. הִרְבָּה כּוֹשֵׁ֑ל גַּס־נָפַל אישׁ וגו׳ v Jeremiah 46:16 (strange; Gie, foll. in part 𝔊 𝔖, עֶרְבְּךָ כָּשַׁל וְנָפַל thy mixed people—cf. Jeremiah 25:20, etc.—hath stumbled and hath fallen); often fig. of overthrow, through divine judgment, c. בְּ at, (v. supr.) Jeremiah 6:21, so Isaiah 8:15 (+ נָפַל etc.) according to Ges Hi Buhl Che Di; < בָּם = among them,—Isr. and Judah,—as ב in v Isaiah 8:16, so Ew De Du E.V; Hosea 4:5(×2); Hosea 5:5; Hosea 14:2 (בַּעֲוֹנֶֽךָ, בְּ prob. instr.); abs. of Babylon, under fig. of זָדוֹן, כ׳ ונפל Jeremiah 50:32; כ׳ ונפל Psalms 27:2 Isaiah 3:8; Isaiah 31:3 (both ‖ נפל); of אֱמֶת Isaiah 59:14; Isaiah 28:13 (+ אָחוֹר); of distress Isaiah 59:10, Psalms 107:12.
totter, of knees, lit. בִּרְכַּי כ׳ מִצּוֹם Psalms 109:24 my knees totter from fasting; fig. Isaiah 35:3 (‖ יָדַיִם רָפוֹת); כּוֹשֵׁל tottering one, lit. Job 4:4 II Chronicles 28:15 Psalms 105:37; hence fig., fail, of strength (כֹּחַ), Nehemiah 4:4 Psalms 31:11;—Inf. abs. כָּשׁוֹל, v. sub Niph.
Pf. consec. וְנִכְשַׁל Daniel 11:19, וְנִכְשְׁלוּ v Daniel 11:33, וְנִכְשָׁ֑לוּ v Daniel 11:14; Impf. יִכָּשֵׁל Ezekiel 33:12 + Hosea 5:5 (𝔊 as v a, so We; MT כָּשַׁל), 2 ms. תִּכָּשֵׁל Proverbs 4:12, יִכָּשְׁלוּ Hosea 5:5 + 9 times; יִכָּשֵׁ֑לוּ Isaiah 40:30 + 3 times; Inf. cstr. sf. בִּכָּֽשְׁלוֹ Proverbs 24:17 (yet v. Ges§ 51, R. 1), בְּהִכָּֽשְׁלָם Daniel 11:34; Pt. נִכְשָׁל Zechariah 12:8; pl. נִכְשָׁלִים I Samuel 2:4;—
stumble (= Qal) Nahum 2:6; Isaiah 63:13; Jeremiah 31:9; usually fig.:
of misfortune Proverbs 24:17 (‖ נפל), neg. Proverbs 4:12.
of divine judgment (c. בְּ at) Proverbs 4:19; Proverbs 24:16, neg. Ezekiel 33:12; see also Hosea 14:10 (בְ loc.), Jeremiah 20:11 Daniel 11:14, Daniel 11:35, יִכָּֽשְׁלוּ וְיֹאבְדוּ מִפָּנֶיךָ Psalms 9:4; be thrown to the ground, of nations, armies, etc., Hosea 5:5 (c. בַּעֲוֹנָם, cf. Hosea 14:2 Qal), Jeremiah 6:15 (‖ נפל), cf. Jeremiah 8:12 (‖ id.), Daniel 11:19 (+ נפל), v Daniel 11:33 (בְ instr.), v Daniel 11:34, Daniel 11:41.
be tottering, feeble, כָּשׁוֹל יִכָּשֵׁ֑לוּ Isaiah 40:30 (opp. יַחֲלִיפוּ כֹחַ v Isaiah 40:31); so pt. I Samuel 2:4 Zechariah 12:8.
only apparent, תְּכַשְּׁלִי Ezekiel 36:14, read תְּשַׁכְּלִי with Qr Vrss E.V. Sm Co Da (v. alo Hiph. ad fin.).
Pf. הִכְשִׁיל Lamentations 1:14, הִכְשַׁלְתֶּם Malachi 2:8; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַכְשִׁילְךָ II Chronicles 25:8; 2 fs. תַּכְשִׁלִי Ezekiel 36:15 (but del. 𝔊 Co; read תשׁכלי, as v Ezekiel 36:14 other Vrss Sm Da); 3 mpl. יַכְשִׁילוּ Proverbs 4:16 Qr (Kt v. sub Qal), וַיַּכְשִׁילֻהוּ Psalms 64:9, וַיַּכְשִׁלוּם Jeremiah 18:15 (so 𝔗; Gie, after 𝔊 𝔖, וַיִּכְשְׁלוּ, [< וַיִּכָּֽשְׁלוּ]); Inf. cstr. הַכְשִׁיל II Chronicles 25:8, sf. הַכְשִׁילוֹ II Chronicles 28:23;—
cause to stumble, fig.:
= bring injury or ruin to, abs. Proverbs 4:16; of punishment Psalms 64:9 (indef. subj.; si vera l.; text prob. corrupt, v. Che Bae).
= overthrow, of nation, army, etc., II Chronicles 25:8 (sq. לִפְנֵי אוֹיֵב), cf. v 8 (opp. עזר); cause overthrow II Chronicles 28:23.—On Ezekiel 36:15 v. supr.
morally, Jeremiah 18:15 (בְּ loc.), Malachi 2:8 (בְּ instr.)
make feeble, weak, הִכְשִׁיל כֹּחִי Lamentations 1:14 (of God’s dealing with Jerus.)
only Pt. והיו מֻכְשָׁלִים לְפָנֶיךָ Jeremiah 18:23 either and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee, i.e. regard them as such (Hi Gf VB), or and let them be ones overthrown before thee (Gie; so Qr according to Gf). So also in Ezekiel 21:20 according to Co, cf. Sm Da (MT מִכְשֹׁלִים, v. מִכְשׁוֹל).
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כִּשָּׁלוֹן
n.[m.] a stumbling; fig. = calamity Proverbs 16:18.
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כִּשְׁרוֹן
n.[m.] skill, success;—
skill, בְּחָכְמָה וּבְדַעַת וּבְכִשְׁר֑וֹן Ecclesiastes 2:21; cstr. כָּל־כִּשְׁרוֹן הַמַּעֲשֶׂה Ecclesiastes 4:4 all skill of work = skilful work.
success, profit, וּמַה־כִּשְׁרוֹן לִבְעָלֶיהָ Ecclesiastes 5:10 and what profit have the owners of it?
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כָּתַב
vb. write (NH id.; Ph. כתב; Aramaic כְּתַב, ܟܬܰܒ; Nab. כתב, v. especially Nö in EutNab. p. 43; thence Arabic كَتَبَ, Ethiopic ክታብ: book, Di Lex. 852 (as loan-wds., Frä 249 DHM VOJ i (1887), 29); MV Buhl comp. Arabic كَتَبَ draw or sew together, conjoin (letters), etc., cf. Fl ZMG 1873, 427)
Pf. כ׳ Joshua 8:32 +, כָּתַבְתָּ Jeremiah 36:6 +, sf. וּכְתַבְתָּם consec. Deuteronomy 6:9; Deuteronomy 11:20, etc. (Pf. 27 times); Impf. יִכְתֹּב Isaiah 44:5, וַיִּכְתֹּב Exodus 24:4 +, etc. (Impf. 39 times); Imv. כְּתֹב Isaiah 8:1 + 5 times, כְּתָב־ Exodus 34:27 + 2 times; sf. כָּתְבָהּ Isaiah 30:8, כָּתְבֵם Proverbs 3:3; Proverbs 7:3; pl. כִּתְבוּ Deuteronomy 31:9 + 3 times; Inf. abs. כָּתוֹב Jeremiah 32:44; cstr. כְּתוֹב Psalms 87:6, לִכְתֹּב Deuteronomy 31:24 Joshua 18:8; sf. כָּתְבוֹ Jeremiah 45:1; Pt. act. כֹּתֵב Jeremiah 36:18, pl. כֹּתְבִים Jeremiah 32:12 Nehemiah 10:1; pass. (113 times), כָּתוּב Joshua 1:8 +, f. כְּתוּבָה II Samuel 1:18 +, pl. כְּתוּבִים I Kings 15:7 +, כְּתֻבִים I Kings 11:41 +; fpl. כְּתוּבוֹת II Chronicles 34:24;—
write:
c. acc., words Exodus 34:27, commandments Exodus 24:12, etc., acc. cogn. מכתב Exodus 39:30, cf. כַּמִּכְתָּב Deuteronomy 10:4; with כְּ, giving purport of writing, also Esther 8:8; but obj. also a book, סֵפֶר Exodus 32:32 Deuteronomy 24:1; מְגִלָּה Jeremiah 38:6, cf. pt. pass., וְהִיא כְּתוּבָה פָּנִים וְאָחוֹר Ezekiel 2:10 (of מגלה; i.e. written on both sides); a letter, סֵפֶר II Samuel 11:14 II Kings 10:1 + 4 times, אִגֶּרֶת II Chronicles 30:1; a divorce-certificate סֵפֶר כְּרִיתֻת Deuteronomy 24:1, etc.; even לֻחֹת כְּתֻבִים tablets inscribed by the finger of God Exodus 31:18 cf. Deuteronomy 9:10; ל׳ כ׳ מִשְּׁנֵי עֶבְרֵיהֶם Exodus 32:15 tables inscribed on both sides (cf. Ezekiel 2:10 supr.) Here belongs (prob.) וְזֶה יִכְתֹּב יָדוֹ לי׳ Isaiah 44:5 and this one shall inscribe his hand, ‘Yahweh’s,’ so 𝔊 Hi Kn Che Br Du Di, > Ges Ew De, shall sign (with) his hand unto י׳.
more often write something on, or in (עַל־ 85 times, בְ 44 times, אֶל־ 3 times) a tablet, roll, book, etc. (obj. various, as above):—(1) כ׳ עַל־ sq. סֵפֶר = book Deuteronomy 17:18 + 55 times, especially in phr. כתובים על־ספר דברי וגו׳ I Kings 11:41 + often K Ch; כ׳ עַל־מְגִלָּה Jeremiah 36:2, Jeremiah 36:28, Jeremiah 36:32; Jeremiah 36:29; כ׳ עַל־לוּח(ות) Exodus 34:1 + 7 times, עַל־אֶבֶן Deuteronomy 27:3 + 2 times, עַל־גִּלָּיוֹן Isaiah 8:1; עַל־מְזֻזוֹת בַּיִת Deuteronomy 6:9; Deuteronomy 11:20; עַל־מַטֶּה on a rod Numbers 17:17, Numbers 17:18; עַל־עֵץ Ezekiel 37:16(×2), עַל־צִיץ (high priest’s plate) Exodus 39:30; even (only Ch) עַל־ sq. name of book or its contents:—כ׳ עַל־דִּבְרֵי נָתָן II Chronicles 9:29 cf. II Chronicles 33:19; עַל־מִדְרַשׁ וגו׳ II Chronicles 24:27; עַל־הַקִּינוֹת II Chronicles 35:25; fig., כ׳ עַל־לִבָּם Jeremiah 31:33 I will write them upon their heart; cf. כ׳ עַל־לוּחַ לִכֶּ֑ךָ Proverbs 3:3. (2) כ׳ אֶל־ appears for כ׳ עַל־ only Jeremiah 36:2 cf. Ezekiel 2:10, Jeremiah 51:60. (3) כ׳ בְּ sq. ספר = book Joshua 24:26 (E) + 35 times; = letter, bill, deed, I Kings 21:9 + 5 times; בִּמְגִלַּת סֵפֶר כָּתוּב עָלָ֑י Psalms 40:8 it is prescribed to me, על as II Kings 22:13 (N. B. כ׳ על־ not used with סֵפֶר = letter, and כ׳ בְּ not used with לוּחַ, אבן or עֵץ).
other uses of prep. with כ׳ are:—בְּ instr., כ׳ בְּחֶרֶט אֱנוֹשׁ Isaiah 8:1, כ׳ בְּעֵט בַּרְזֶל Jeremiah 17:1; כְּתֻבִים בְּאֶצְבַּע אֱלֹהִים Deuteronomy 9:10 Exodus 31:18; כ׳ אֶל־ unto, of person to whom letter, etc., is addressed II Samuel 11:14 II Kings 10:6 Esther 9:23; עַל־ subst. for אֶל־ (late) II Chronicles 30:1 Ezra 4:7 Esther 8:8; the fuller construction is (אֶל־) כ׳ ספר וישׁלח II Kings 10:1 Esther 8:10; Esther 9:20 +; כ׳ אֶל־ write down for the benefit or use of some one, Judges 8:14; לְ to or for, Deuteronomy 17:18; Deuteronomy 24:1 +; note especially אֶכְתָּו֯ב־לוֹ רֻבֵּו֯ תּוֹרָתִי Hosea 8:12, i.e. either, I write (keep writing) for them ever so many (We, רֹב, cf. رُبّ; Ew and most רִבּוֹ(א) a myriad) of my directions, or ‘Though I write,’ ‘Were I to write,’ etc.; כ׳ sq. ל c. inf. of purpose II Chronicles 32:17 Esther 8:5; c. מִן in phr. כ׳ מִפִּי פ׳ write from the mouth of any one, i.e. from dictation, †Jeremiah 36:2, Jeremiah 36:32; Jeremiah 38:6, Jeremiah 38:17, Jeremiah 38:27; Jeremiah 45:1.
= write down, describe in writing, כ׳ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ Joshua 18:4, Joshua 18:6, Joshua 18:8(×2), Joshua 18:9.
= register, enroll Isaiah 10:19 (= record the number), I Chronicles 24:6; especially pass. הַכְּתוּבִים Numbers 11:26 those enrolled cf. Nehemiah 12:22; הַכּ׳ בְּשֵׁמוֹת I Chronicles 4:41 those recorded by name; in prediction, כ׳ אֶת־הָאִישׁ הַזֶּה עֲרִירִי Jeremiah 22:30 register this man as childless; with eschatol. reference, כַּל־הַכָּתוּב לַחַיִּים Isaiah 4:3 all those enrolled (i.e. appointed) unto life; and, more explicitly, כָּל־הַנִּמְצָא כָּתוּב בַּסֵּפֶר Daniel 12:1; י׳ יִסְפֹּר בִּכְתוֹב עַמִּים Psalms 87:6 י׳ shall reckon, when he registers (note absence of suffix) the peoples, etc.
= decree, תִּכְתֹּב עָלַי מְרֹרוֹת Job 13:26 thou (י׳) decreest against me bitter things.
(chiefly late, especially Est.), Impf. יִכָּתֵב Esther 1:19 +, 3 fs. תִּכָּ֫תֶב זֹאת Psalms 102:19; 3 mpl. יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Jeremiah 17:13 + 3 times, יִכָּֽתְבוּן Job 19:23; Pt. נִכְתָּב Esther 3:12 + 2 times;—
be written, subj. words, Job 19:23, book Malachi 3:16; be written בְּסֵפֶר Esther 2:23; Esther 9:23, in, or among (ב) the laws Esther 1:19; once, c. עַל־, עַל־סִפְרְךָ כֻּלָּם יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Psalms 139:16 in thy (י׳’s) book all of them (my members) are written, i.e. written down, recorded (v. infr.); abs. כְּתָב אֲשֶׁר נִכְתָּב בְּשֵׁם הַמֶּלֶךְ Esther 8:8 a writing which is written in the king’s name, cf. (impers.) Esther 3:12; impers. also וַיִּכָּתֵב כְּכָל־אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה Esther 3:12; Esther 8:9; יִכָּ׳ sq. לְ = for Psalms 102:19; sq. לְ + inf. (really = a subject-cl.,—the contents of the letter) Esther 3:9; Esther 8:5.
be written down, recorded, Ezra 8:34; enrolled, בִּכְתָב בית ישׂראל לֹא יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Ezekiel 13:9 in the enrolment of the house of Israel they are not enrolled (eschatolog.); וְעִם־צַדִּיקִים אַל־יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Psalms 69:29 (‖ חַיִּים יִמָּחוּ מִסֵּפֶר).—בָּאָרֶץ יִכָּתֵ֑בוּ Jeremiah 17:13 is difficult; Gie reads, plausibly, מֵאֶרֶץ יִכָּרֵ֑תוּ (cf. Psalms 34:17; Psalms 101:8, etc.)
frequent., Pf. and Pt., only כִּתֵּ֑בוּ וּמְכַתְּבִים עָמָל Isaiah 10:1 and busy writers that make a business of writing oppression (i.e. register unjust sentences, cf. Qal 4; ‖ הַחֹקֲקִים חִקֲקֵי־אָוֶן).
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כְּתָב
n.m. Ezra 4:7 writing (late Aramaic; Biblical Aramaic כְּתָב, Syriac ܟܬܳܒ);—כ׳ abs. I Chronicles 28:19 + 4 times; cstr. Ezekiel 13:9 + 4 times; sf. כְּתָבָהּ Esther 1:22 + 2 times; כְּתָבָם Ezra 2:62 + 3 times;—writing:
register, enrolment, Ezekiel 13:9 Ezra 2:62 = Nehemiah 7:63.
= mode of writing, character, letter, וּכ׳ הַנִּשְׁתְּוָן כָּתוּב אֲרָמִית Ezra 4:7 and the writing of the document was written in Aramaic (characters; so prob., v. Be-Ry Ryle, cf. NH Hoffm ZAW i. (1881), 334 ff.); cf. Esther 1:22; Esther 3:12; Esther 8:9(×2).
of a royal enactment, edict II Chronicles 35:4 (‖ מִכְתָּב), Esther 3:14; Esther 8:8, Esther 8:13; more fully כְּתָב־הַדָּת Esther 4:8.
of a writing with divine authority I Chronicles 28:19; כ׳ אֱמֶת Daniel 10:21; i.e. a book of truth.
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כָּתִית
v. sub כתת.
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כֶּ֫תֶם
n.m. Lamentations 4:1 gold, poet. and late (perhaps loan-word in Heb.; Ph. has n.pr.m. כתם; Sab. כתם HalEt.Sab. 190; kaθȧmā as loan-wd. in Egyptian, Bondi 80 f.);—כ׳ abs. Job 28:19 + 3 times, כָּ֑תֶם Proverbs 25:12; cstr. כֶּתֶם Isaiah 13:12 + 3 times;—כ׳ אוֹפִיר Isaiah 13:12 gold of Ophir (‖ פָּ֑ז), so Job 28:16 Psalms 45:10; כ׳ אוּפָ֑ז Daniel 10:5 (read perhaps אוֹפִיר for אוּפָז q.v.); כ׳ alone Job 31:24 (‖ זָהָב), חֲלִי־כ׳ Proverbs 25:12 ornament of gold (‖ נֶזֶם זָהָב), כ׳ פָּ֑ז Song of Songs 5:11; כ׳ טָהוֹר Job 28:19; הַכּ׳ הַטּוֹב Lamentations 4:1 (‖ זָהָב).
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כֻּתֹּ֫נֶת
n.f. tunic (NH id.; Aramaic כִּתּוּנָא, etc., ܟܽܘܬܻܝܢܳܐ, etc.; Ethiopic ክታን tunic, linen; cf. also √ supr.);—abs. כֻּתֹּנֶת Genesis 37:31 + 2 times; כְּתֹנֶת Exodus 28:39; cstr. כְּתֹנֶת Genesis 37:3 + 9 times; sf. כֻּתָּנְתּוֹ Genesis 37:23 II Samuel 15:32, כֻּתָּנְתֶּ֑ךָ Isaiah 22:21, כֻּתָּנְתִּי Job 30:18 Song of Songs 5:3; pl. abs. כֻּתֳּנֹת Exodus 28:40 + 3 times, הַכָּתְנֹת Exodus 39:27; cstr. כָּתְנוֹת Genesis 3:21 + 2 times, כָּתְנֹת Ezra 2:69; sf. כֻּתֳּנֹתָם Leviticus 10:5;—tunic, principal ordinary garment (v. BenzArch. 98 f. NowArch. i, 121, 193) of man and woman, worn next the person, כָּתְנֹת עוֹר Genesis 3:21 tunics of skin; of man II Samuel 15:32; פִּי כ׳ Job 30:18 mouth of any tunic (i.e. its collar); כ׳ פַּסִּים Genesis 37:3, Genesis 37:23, Genesis 37:32 i.e. tunic with long skirts and sleeves (v. פַּס), cf. v Genesis 37:23, Genesis 37:31(×2), Genesis 37:32, Genesis 37:33; of woman Song of Songs 5:3 (put off at night); כ׳ פַּסִּים II Samuel 13:18, II Samuel 13:19 (of king’s daughter; rent, as sign of grief, cf. also II Samuel 15:32, and v. קרע). Specif. of priest’s tunic Exodus 28:4, Exodus 28:39 (embroidered, v. שׁבץ, תַּשְׁבֵּץ), v Exodus 28:40; Exodus 29:5, Exodus 29:8; Exodus 39:27 (made of שֵׁשׁ, q.v.), Exodus 40:14 Leviticus 8:7, Leviticus 8:13; Leviticus 10:5; כּ׳־בַּד קֹדֶשׁ Leviticus 16:4 a holy linen tunic, of high priest; כ׳־כֹּהֲנִים Ezra 2:69 Nehemiah 7:68, Nehemiah 7:70 (van d. H. v Nehemiah 7:69, Nehemiah 7:71); of Shebna’s official tunic Isaiah 22:21.
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כָּתֵף
n.f. Exodus 27:15 shoulder, shoulder-blade, side (NH id.; Aramaic כַּתְפָּא, ܟܰܬܦܳܐ; Arabic كَتِفٌ );—abs. כ׳ Zechariah 7:11 +; cstr. כֶּ֫תֶף I Kings 6:8 +, app. כָּתֵף Isaiah 11:14 (but regard as appos., or read כֶּתֶף); sf. כְּתֵפִי Job 31:22; כְּתֵפָם I Chronicles 15:15; pl. abs. כְּתֵפֹת Exodus 28:7 +, כְּתֵפוֹת I Kings 7:30, I Kings 7:34; cstr. כִּתְפֹת Exodus 28:12 +, כִּתְפוֹת Ezekiel 41:2 +; du. sf. כְּתֵפָיו Deuteronomy 33:12 + 3 times, כְּתֵפֶיהָ I Kings 7:34;—
of man, shoulder, shoulder-blade (while שְׁכֶם, q.v. = neck and shoulders), כִּידוֹן נְחשֶׁת בֵּין כְּתֵפָיו I Samuel 17:6; cf. fig. of י׳’s dwelling between the shoulders of Benj. Deuteronomy 33:12 (v. Dr); כְּתֵפִי מִשִּׁכְמָה תִפּוֹל Job 31:22 my shoulder-blade, from the shoulder let it fall; as support for burdens Judges 16:3 Ezekiel 12:6, Ezekiel 12:7, Ezekiel 12:12 Isaiah 46:7; Isaiah 49:22 (in fig.), Exodus 28:12 Numbers 7:9 (both P), I Chronicles 15:15 II Chronicles 35:3; cf. כָּל־כ׳ מְרוּטָה Ezekiel 29:18 every shoulder was rubbed bare (of Nebuch.’s soldiers chafed by armour and toil); as aim of bird of prey Isaiah 11:14 (fig.); cf. shoulder of Moab Ezekiel 25:9 (fig., i.e. the side of M. exposed to invasion): Ezekiel 29:7 read prob. כַּף (𝔊 𝔖 Sm Co, cf. v a).
of beasts, Isaiah 30:6 (carrying), Ezekiel 34:21 (thrusting, in fig.), כ׳ כֹרָ֑רֶת Zechariah 7:11 a refractory shoulder (refusing the yoke, fig.), so Nehemiah 9:29; of choice meat Ezekiel 24:4 (‖ יָרֵךְ).
slope, side, of mountain, כֶּתֶף יָם־כִּנֶּרֶת Numbers 34:11, i.e. the mt.-slopes NE. of the lake, cf. Joshua 15:8, Joshua 15:10, Joshua 15:11; Joshua 18:12, Joshua 18:13, Joshua 18:16, Joshua 18:18, Joshua 18:19 (all P).
supports of the bases for the lavers beside the temple I Kings 7:30(×2), I Kings 7:34(×2).
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כָּתַר
vb. surround (in Pi.), (Aramaic כַּתַּר Pa., wait, hope for; ܟܰܬܰܪ Pa. wait, await, remain; i.e. perhaps surround expectantly, v. Job 36:2 infr.)
Pf. 3 pl. כִּתְּרוּ Judges 20:43 of surrounding an enemy; sf. כִּתְּרוּנִי Psalms 22:13 (in fig.; ‖ סְבָבוּנִי); Imv. כַּתַּר־לִי Job 36:2 wait, I pray (as in Aramaic)
Impf. 3 mpl. בִּי יַכְתִּרוּ צַדִּיקִים Psalms 142:8 dub., throw out crowns (Ges§ 53 g), i.e. appear with crowns (denom. from כֶּתֶר; but this very late—only in Est.); fig. for triumph, because of me; but Gr Che יִתְפָּֽאֲרוּ (v. I. פאר); יַכְתִּרוּ דָ֑עַת Proverbs 14:18 dub., Thes De al. throw out knowledge as a crown, make knowledge their crown (denom. from כֶּתֶר; but v. supr.), Now, encompass knowledge, i.e. posses it (‖ נָֽחֲלוּ); sense good, but meaning of כ׳ without ‖. Pt. מַכְתִּיר surrounding (as Pi.) Habakkuk 1:4 (c. acc. of enemy).
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כֶּ֫תֶר
n.m. crown ((perhaps Pers. loan-word Lag Ges. Abh. 207), NH id.; Aramaic כִּתְרָא; Arabic كَتْرٌ / كِتْرٌ the higher hump of a camel);—always cstr., in combin. כ׳ מַלְכוּת royal crown Esther 1:11; Esther 2:17 (both of queen), Esther 6:8 (of king).
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כֹּתֶ֫רֶת
n.f. capital of pillar (as surrounding, crowning its top?);—abs. כֹּתֶרֶת I Kings 7:16(×2) + 10 times; הַכּוֹתֶרֶת Jeremiah 52:22.; pl. abs. כֹּתָרֹת I Kings 7:16 + 7 times, כֹּתָרוֹת II Chronicles 4:12(×2), II Chronicles 4:13;—capitals of pillars יָכִין and בֹּעַז I Kings 7:16(×3) + 12 times I Kings 7 = II Chronicles 4:12(×2), II Chronicles 4:13; II Kings 25:17(×3) = Jeremiah 52:22(×3).
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כָּתַת
vb. beat, crush by beating (NH id.; Aramaic כְּתַת);—
Pf. 1 s. וְכַתּוֹתִ֫י Psalms 89:24; Impf. i s. וָאֶכֹּת Deuteronomy 9:21; Imv. mpl. כֹּ֫תּוּ Joel 4:10; Pt. pass. כָּתוּת Isaiah 30:14 Leviticus 22:24;—
beat or crush fine, of a potter’s vessel Isaiah 30:14, the golden calf Deuteronomy 9:21 (+ טָחוֹן הֵיטֵב); a sacrificial victim Leviticus 22:24 (i.e. its testicles; + מָעוּךְ, נָתוּק, כָּרוּת); fig. of enemies Psalms 89:24.
beat, hammer (ploughshares into swords, cf. Pi. 2) Joel 4:10.
Pf. 3 ms. כִּתַּת II Kings 18:4 II Chronicles 34:7; 3 mpl. וְכִּתְּתוּ consec. Isaiah 2:4 + 2 times;—as Qal
beat or crush fine II Kings 18:4 II Chronicles 34:7 (of images); fig. of devastating the land Zechariah 11:6.
beat, hammer (swords into ploughshares, cf. Qal 2) Isaiah 2:4 = Micah 4:3.
Pf. 3 mpl. וְכֻתְּתוּ II Chronicles 15:6 and they were beaten in pieces, one nation against another.
Impf. 3 mpl. וַיַּכְּתוּ Deuteronomy 1:44 beat in pieces an enemy, sf. וַיַּכּוּם וַיַּכְּתוּם Numbers 14:45.
Impf. 3 ms. וּשְׁאִיָּה יֻכַּת־שָׁ֑עַר Isaiah 24:12 and to ruins is the gate crushed; 3 mpl. יֻכַּתּוּ Micah 1:7 (of idol-images); fig. of warriors Jeremiah 46:5; of frail man Job 4:20.
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כָּתִית²
adj. beaten;—only in combin. שֶׁמֶן כָּתִית beaten oil, i.e. oil made by beating or pounding the olives in a mortar; especially fine and costly (cf. Levy NHWB ii. 443 sub כָּתִית);—I Kings 5:25 Exodus 29:40 Numbers 28:5; שֶׁמֶן זַיִת זָךְ כ׳ לַמָּאוֹר Exodus 27:20 pure beaten olive oil for the lamp = Leviticus 24:2 (Hex only P).
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